### Prepared for: City of Palmdale



# Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol for the Proposed Palmdale Hybrid Power Project

ENSR Corporation July 2008
Document No.: 10855-002-040C1MP

### Prepared for: City of Palmdale



# Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol for the Proposed Palmdale Hybrid Power Project

_________________________________ Prepared By: Jeffrey A. Connors

_________________________________ Reviewed By: Brian Stormwind

ENSR Corporation July 2008
Document No.: 10855-002-040C1MPPHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### i July 2008 

# Contents

1.0 Introduc tion ................................................................................................................... ..........................1-1

1.1 Introduction and Pr oject Descr iption ........................................................................................... ....1-1

1.2 Modeling at Cl ass I Areas...................................................................................................... ..........1-1

1.3 Protocol Or ganiza tion .......................................................................................................... ............1-2

2.0 Proposed Project Emission an d Source Para meters ........................................................................2-1

3.0 CALPUFF M odeling............................................................................................................... .................3-1

3.1 Modeling Pr ocedur es............................................................................................................ ...........3-1

3.1.1 Selection of Dis persion Mode l ...........................................................................................3-1

3.1.2 Computational and Met eorological Grid ............................................................................3-1

3.1.3 CALMET Proc essing ..........................................................................................................3-1

3.1.4 Recept ors ...................................................................................................................... .....3-2

3.2 Assessing Air Quality Impact s at Class I Areas ..............................................................................3-2

3.2.1 Background Air Qual ity Data ..............................................................................................3-2

3.2.2 Class I PSD Increm ent Values...........................................................................................3-3

3.2.3 Regional Haze.................................................................................................................. ..3-3

3.2.4 Acidic D epositio n.............................................................................................................. ..3-4

3.2.5 PM2.5 Analysis................................................................................................................. ..3-5

4.0 VISCREEN Analysis .............................................................................................................. .................4-1

5.0 Refere nces..................................................................................................................... ..........................5-1



# List of Attachments

Attachment 1 Guidance from the NPS Regarding Speciation of PM10 Emissions

Attachment 2 Meteorological StationsPHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### ii July 2008 

# List of Tables

Table 2-1 Preliminary Emissions and Modeling Parame ters (per Tu rbine) .............................................2-2

Table 3-1 Proposed Class I Area NO 2 

### Significant Im pact Leve l ..............................................................3-3



# List of Figures

Figure 1-1 Location of Proposed Project Site in Rela tion to Nearby PS D Class I Areas.........................1-3

Figure 3-1 Extent of Proposed Computational and Meteor ological Grid for CA LPUFF Modeling...........3-6

Figure 3-2 Terrain as Characterized throughout th e Modeling Domain (looking NE ) ..............................3-7

Figure 3-3 Landuse as Characterized throughout the Modeling Domain .................................................3-7

Figure 3-4 Location of 1st and 2nd Order NWS, Bu oy, and AQMD Meteorological Stations Proposed for CALMET............................................................................................................ ..3-8

Figure 3-5 Location of CASTNET and EPA AQS Hourly Ozone Stations Proposed to be used as Input to CALPUFF............................................................................................................... ......3-9PHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 1-1 July 2008 

# 1.0 Introduction

1.1 Introduction and Project Description

The City of Palmdale, California, is proposing to build a hybrid combined-cycle / solar thermal power plant in the City of Palmdale to the northwest of the Air Force Plant 42 / Palmdale Regional Airport. The site will feature a 2 on 1 combined-cycle configuration with two GE 7FA gas turbines and one steam turbine producing a nominal electrical output of 570 megawatts (MW) along with a 250-acre solar thermal collection field, capable of producing 50 MW. The hybrid power pl ant will be owned by the City of Palmdale and the development managed by Inland Energy and will be known as the Palmdale Hybrid Power Project (PHPP or Project). The combustion turbine trains will include he at recovery steam generator s and will be fueled with natural gas only. In addition to the combustion turb ines, the facility will contain ancillary combustion equipment including a natural gas-fired auxiliary boiler, a natural gas-fired heat transfer fluid (HTF) heater, a diesel-fired emergency generator, and a diesel-fired fire water pump engine. The facility will also include a wet mechanical draft cooling tower.

The proposed location of PHPP is designated federal non-attainment for ozone, and attainment or unclassified for nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 

### ), carbon monoxide (CO), respirable particulate matter (PM10), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 

### ). The combined cycle units will result in emission

increases of NO 2 

### , Total Particulate Matter (PM), PM10, PM2.5, and CO above the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) threshold limits, therefore classifying it as a major source with respect to New Source Review (NSR) and thus triggering Prevention Si gnificant Deterioration (PSD) review for NO 2 

### , PM, PM10, PM2.5, and CO. Review of PM emissions under t he PSD Program consists of a control technology evaluation only, and no modeling will be performed si nce there are no increments or standards for PM. Although PM2.5 PSD increments have yet to be established for Class I areas, PM2.5 modeled concentrations will be provided in the air permit application for info rmational purposes based on comments

received from the U.S. Environmental Protection A gency (EPA) Region IX on a similar nearby project. There are no PSD increments or visibility impacts fr om CO, and hence CO will not be modeled for Class I

Areas. PHPP will not be a significant source of SO 2 

### , lead or other PSD pollutants su ch as sulfuric acid mist (H 2 

### SO 4 

### ).

All dispersion model input and output files will be pr ovided to the pertinent agencies such as the California Energy Commission (CEC), Antelope Valley Air Qu ality Management District (AVAQMD) and EPA Region IX on a modeling archive CD provided with th e air permit application and final modeling report.



## 1.2 Modeling at Class I Areas

PSD regulations require that facilities within 100 k ilometers (km) of a PSD Class I area perform a modeling evaluation of the ambient air quality in terms of Cl ass I PSD Increments and Air Quality Related Values (AQRVs). For PHPP, impacts will be addressed at the following Class I areas within 100 km:

• San Gabriel Wilderness Area (WA) and

• Cucamonga, WA.

Figure 1-1 shows the location of PHPP relative to the nearest PSD Class I areas. San Gabriel, WA is located within 50 km of PHPP and Cucamonga, WA is located beyond 50 km. PSD increments and acid deposition will be addressed using CALPUFF for both areas , while visibility impacts will be addressed for San Gabriel, WA using a visible plume model (suc h as VISCREEN or PLUVUE II) as recommended by Interagency Workgroup on Air Quality Modeling (IWAQM ) Phase II report (EPA Report EPA-454/R-98-019, 1998; found at http://www.epa.gov/scram001 ) and CALPUFF will be used for regional haze impacts at Cucamonga, WA.PHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 1-2 July 2008 

### Since the Project is not a significant source of SO 2 

### or H 2 

### SO 4 

### emissions and Class I PSD increments do not exist for CO, PM2.5, and H 2 

### SO 4 

### , increments will be assessed at t he above mentioned Class I areas only for

PM10 and NO 2 

### . Additionally, since PHPP is not a significant source for SO 2 

### or H 2 

### SO 4 

### , a deposition analysis will only be preformed for nitrogen compounds which will consider primary emissions of NO X 

### along with

converted nitrate and nitr ic acid. However, gas turbine emissions of SO 2 

### , H 2 

### SO 4 

### , NO X 

### , and PM10/PM2.5 will all be included in the regional haze analysis for Cucamonga, WA. As described above, San Gabriel’s visibility impacts will be address ed using a visible plume model which typically considers emissions of NO X 

### , PM10, and H 2 

### SO 4



### .



## 1.3 Protocol Organization

This proposed modeling protocol is based on requirements outlined in the IWAQM Phase II report as well as the Federal Land Managers' Air Quality Related Values Workgroup Phase I Report that was published in December 2000 (found at http://www2.natur e.nps.gov/ard/fl agfree/index.htm ). In addition, the modeling methods and procedures will adhere to applicable guid ance provided in the CALPUFF Reviewer’s Guide (USFS and NPS, 2005) pr epared for the United Station Forest Service and National Park Service. These guidance documents are provided for suggested modeling approaches by EPA and the Federal Land Managers (FLMs).

This document has been prepared in order to summarize the applicant's understanding of the permitting requirements for Class I area impact assessment and to briefly describe the air quality dispersion modeling study to be conducted. Review and approval of the proposed modeling pr otocol by EPA Region IX and corresponding FLMs is requested in order to ensure that potential issues are addressed and to expedite agency review of the PSD permit application.

The guidance in IWAQM Phase II suggests that CALPUFF (Scire, et al., 2000a, b) could be first used in a screening mode and then a refined mode if needed. ENSR is proceeding directly to the use of CALPUFF in a refined mode for three years (2001, 2002, and 2003).

Section 2 of this protocol document discusses the emission parameters used for the modeling. Section 3 outlines an approach for a refined CALPUFF analysis of the proposed expansion. Section 4 discusses the visibility modeling approach for Class I areas within 50 km (San Gabriel, WA) and Section 5 provides

references.PHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 1-3 July 2008 

### Figure 1-1 Location of Proposed Project Site in Relation to Nearby PSD Class I AreasPHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 2-1 July 2008 

# 2.0 Proposed Project Emis sion and Source Parameters

Class I area modeling will be conducted to evaluate PSD increment consumption of PM10 and NO 2 

### , as well as regional haze and nitrogen depositio n at San Gabriel, WA (visible plume analysis will be conducted instead of a CALPUFF regional haze analysis) and Cucamonga, WA The proposed new combined-cycle turbines will burn natural gas as the only fuel source. The facili ty will operate throughout the year.

For the assessments of modeled impacts on PM10 and NO 2 

### increments, regional haze, and nitrogen deposition, the Project will be modeled with the emissions and stack parameters from the two main combustion turbine stacks alone as pr esented in Table 2-1. An “env elope” approach will be used in the modeling: there are multiple prospective emission cases representing ambient temperatures, relative humidity, and equipment that could be in use at a give n time. The initial modeling will use the 100% load (with duct firing) worst case (highest) emissions for ea ch pollutant along with the lowest stack temperature and exit velocity across all of the possible 100% load (with duct firing) temperatures and relative humidity cases. This approach should represent the most conservative case in terms of modeled impacts.

As stated above, the modeling will be conducted with primary emission s from the combined-cycle turbine stacks alone. Ancillary equipment, such as the auxiliary boiler(s), heaters, firewater pump, and cooling towers will not be included in the Class I impacts analysis because these sour ce’s impacts are highly

localized to within a few kilomete rs of the plant boundary and the boil er and engines will only operate a minimal number of hours per year.

For the regional haze modeling, the primary PM10 emis sions from the main combustion turbine stacks will also be speciated according to the guidance provided by the NPS (see Attachment 1). In addition to speciating the primary PM10 emissions, CALPUFF regi onal haze modeling typically also considers primary

SO 4 

### emissions (derived from H 2 

### SO 4 

### ). Primary emissions of SO 4 

### are modeled because calculations of regional haze are sensitive to SO 4 

### , which combines with free atmospher ic ammonia to form light-scattering ammonia sulfate fine particl es. Additionally, since SO 4 

### is modeled as a primary specie for regional haze analyses, the SO 2 

### emissions will be reduced based on the percent of SO 2 

### assumed to convert to SO 3 

### that ultimately forms the primary SO 4



### .PHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 2-2 July 2008 

### Table 2-1 Preliminary a 

### Emissions and Modeling Parameters (per Turbine)

Pollutant Emissions Per Turbine (lbs/hr)

SO 2 

### 1.2

NO X 

### 15.6

H 2 

### SO 4 

### 0.46

PM10/PM2.5 18.0

Stack Parameters English Units Metric Units

Stack gas exit temperature 174.5 Fahrenheit 387.87 Kelvin

Stack gas exit velocity 58.15 ft/sec 17.72 m/sec

Stack height 145 feet 44.2 meters

Stack diameter 18.5 feet 5.64 meters

Stack Location - UTM Zone 11 NAD-1927

398,678.60 -40.1457 CT – North 3,833,524.40 (meters) -29.2735 LCC b



### (km)

398,677.90 -40.1461 CT – South 3,833,484.10 (meters) -29.3131 LCC b



### (km)

Base Elevation 2513.2 feet 766.0 Meters

a. Emissions will be based on control technology evaluation
b The LCC (Lambert Conformal Coordinate) System is based on a reference of 34.91N and 117.66W, 0.0 and 0.0 false easting and northing, 30N and 60N two standard parallels, and a WGS-1984 spheroid.PHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 3-1 July 2008 

# 3.0 CALPUFF Modeling

CALPUFF was promulgated by EPA on April 15, 2003 as a preferred dispersion model to assess long-range transport applications (transport distanc es exceeding 50 km). For PHPP, the distance to each of the PSD Class I areas are nearly equal to or exceed 50 km. At this distance, a non-st eady-state modeling approach which considers spatial and time variations in meteor ological conditions, such as CALPUFF, is appropriate. The modeling approach will closely follow the approved approach used for a similar recent PSD permitting effort. The meteorological and background chemical input data (ozone and ammonia) to CALMET and CALPUFF will be identical to the VV2 CALPUFF modeling with the exception that t he model versions will be updated to reflect the most current EPA appr oved versions of CA LMET and CALPUFF.



## 3.1 Modeling Procedures

3.1.1 Selection of Dispersion Model

ENSR will run CALPUFF Version 5.8 (level 070623) in a refined mode to determine the effect that the Project’s emissions will have on PM10 and NO 2 

### increments, regional haze, and nitrogen deposition. CALMET is the meteorological pre-processor for the CALPUFF modeling system which produces threedimensional wind fields that incorporate a variety of meteorological data observations along with affects on varying terrain and land use. Advanced meteorologica l data from a prognostic mesoscale meteorological data, such as the Fifth Generation Mesoscale Model ( MM5), will be used to prov ide a superior estimate of the initial wind fields. This application will consi der three years, 2001-2003, of prognostic 36-km (for 2001 and 2003) and 12-km (for 2002) MM5 meteorological data. The 2001-2003 database was provided by Alpine Geophysics and are described by Olerud (2003) and McNally (2003, 2005). These databases are

also consistent with the surroundi ng Regional Planning Organization (RPO’s) selections for Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) modeling.



### 3.1.2 Computational and Meteorological Grid

The computational and meteorological grid systems will ex tend at least 50 km in all directions beyond the PHPP site along with any portions of a Class I area to be assessed. The additional buffer distance of 50 km will allow for the consideration of pu ff trajectory recirculations. This design allows for approximately a 540 km (E/W) by 441 km (N/S) computat ional/meteorological grid (modeling domain) extent resulting in 180 (NX) x 147 (NY) number of grid cells and a 3-km grid el ement size. The southwest corner of the grid is located at approximately 32.88° N latitude and 120.5 8° W longitude. Figure 3-1 shows the proposed modeling domain. ENSR may determine that finer grid resolution is needed in the vicinity of high terrain in specific cases. If a finer grid resolution is needed, then we will use a smaller grid spacing of approximately 1 km and perhaps limit the exte nt of the modeling domain.

Due to the size of the modeling domain used for this analysis, a Lambert Conformal Conic (LCC) coordinate system is proposed. The LCC projection is used because it accounts for the curvature of the Earth’s surface. The LCC projection for this analysis is based on the WGS-84 datum and standard parallels of 30° N and 60° N, with an origin of 39.41° N and 117.66° W.



### 3.1.3 CALMET Processing

In accordance with the IWAQM Phase II guidance, CALMET Version 5.8 (level 070623), the CALPUFF meteorological pre-processor, will be used to simula te three years (2001, 2002, and 2003) of meteorological conditions. For the hourly wind field initializatio n, CALMET will use gridded prognostic mesoscale meteorological (MM5) data available for all years.PHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 3-2 July 2008 

### For the prognostic MM5 data, 2001 and 2003 are available at a 36 km resolution and 2002 is available at a 12 km resolution within the modeling domain. The years of MM5 data, 2001-2003, are being proposed because these years are consistent with those proposed as a part of th e regional RPO BART assessments.

These gridded meteorological data sets will initially be combined with 3-km grid resolution terrain and land use data to more accurately characterize the wi nd flow throughout the modeling domain. ENSR may determine that finer grid resolution is needed in the vici nity of high terrain in specific cases. The 3-km gridded terrain data will be derived from United Stat es Geological Survey (USGS) 1:250,000 (3 arc second or 90-meter grid spacing) Digital Elevation Model (D EM) files and the TERREL pre-processor program. The gridded land use data will be derived from USGS 1:25 0,000 Composite Theme Grid (CTG) landuse files. Figures 3-2 and 3-3 show an approximate depiction of the terrain and land use, respectively, as characterized throughout the modeling domain.

The Step 2 wind field will be pr oduced using the input of all available National Weather Service (NWS) hourly surface and twice daily upper air balloon sounding data within and just outside the modeling domain. Hourly surface data from both first-order and second-order stations will also be considered in this analysis. Other sources of meteorological data such as CAST NET or Air Quality Management District (AQMD) data will be used to supplement areas lacking NWS or second-order data.

There is a vast coverage and avail ability of hourly meteorological data from AQMD monitoring stations within the proposed modeling domain. Only AQMD stat ions with greater than 80% data capture, more than 10 km away from a NWS stations, and deemed to have added benefit in defining the Step 2 CALMET wind field were included. A plot of the surface stations proposed for use in CALMET is shown in Figure 3-4.

Hourly precipitation data from stati ons within and just outside of the modeling domain will be taken from a

National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) data set for purposes of wet scavenging of the plume and wet deposition calculations. A list of all meteorologica l stations is provided in Attachment 2.



### 3.1.4 Receptors

Receptors from the National Park Service (NPS) databas e of Class I receptors will be used for this modeling analysis (found at: http://www2.nature.nps.gov/a ir/maps/Receptors/index.htm ).



## 3.2 Assessing Air Quality Impacts at Class I Areas

3.2.1 Background Air Quality Data

The CALPUFF refined modeling will be conducted with hourly background ozone data from the closest monitors (see Figure 3-5) and monthly average a mmonia background values. In the absence of hourly ozone data for all 40 stations during a particular hour, the model default of 80 ppb will be used. The background ammonia concentration will initially be taken from the IWAQM Phase 2 guidance’s list of suggested values (see below). IWAQM guidance prov ides the following values for background ammonia

concentrations:

• Grasslands – 10 ppb

• Forest – 0.5 ppb

• Arid Lands @ 20° C – 1 ppb.

Figure 3-3 indicates a predominance of forest cover within the Class I areas which would warrant the use of 0.5 ppb as the ammonia background value. However, 1.0 ppb will be used as a conservative initial estimate.

Note that the developer of the CA LPUFF model, Joe Scire, has indica ted that the chemical equilibrium between particle nitrates and gaseous nitric acid has a fa st reaction time to local ammonia concentrations.PHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 3-3 July 2008 

### Therefore, the ammonia concentration in the Class I areas themselves are relevant, not the concentrations in other areas. So, if needed, refinements to the IWAQM ammonia background concentration will be

considered due to observed seasonal variati ons in the background ammonia levels.



### 3.2.2 Class I PSD Increment Values

CALPUFF and CALPOST will be used with CALM ET meteorological data to assess maximum

concentrations of PM10 and NO 2 

### due to emissions from the proposed combustion turbine stacks at San Gabriel, WA and Cucamonga, WA. Init ially, it will be c onservatively assumed that 100 percent of the NO X 

### emissions are converted to NO 2 

### , but a national default conversion rate of 75 percent will be used to more accurately assess modeled NO 2 

### impacts, if a more refined analys is is necessary. The modeled concentrations at all receptors within the Class I areas will be documented and compared to the proposed significant impact level (SIL) shown in Table 3-1.

Table 3-1 Proposed a 

### Class I Area NO 2 

### Significant Impact Level

Pollutant 24-hour b


### (μg/m 3 

### ) Annual b


### (μg/m 3 

### )

PM10 0.3 0.2

NO 2 

### n/a 0.1

a. EPA proposed New Source Review reform, FR 7/23/96.
b. Highest arithmetic mean concentration at any receptor.



### 3.2.3 Regional Haze

CALPUFF and CALPOST processing will be used for t he regional haze analysis to compute the maximum 24-hour average light extinction due to SO 2 

### , SO 4 

### , NO X 

### , and PM10/PM2.5 emissions from the new turbine stacks at Cucamonga, WA. Since San Gabriel, WA is located within 50 km a visible plume analysis (discussed in Section 4.0) will be conducted in stead of a CALPUFF regional haze analysis as recommended by IWAQM.

The computation of incremental background light extinc tion due to PHPP’s emissions will use the option to calculate extinction from specia ted particulate matter measurements, by applying the EPA-recommended hourly relative humidity adjustment factors to ba ckground and modeled sulfate and nitrate (MVISBK=2). The EPA-recommended hourly relative humidity adjustment factors will also be used and were published in September 2003 “Guidance for Tracking Progress Under the Regional Haze Rule” (EPA, 2003). FLAG guidance recommends that the hygroscopic particle grow th curve be capped when the relative humidity exceeds 98 percent, although the FLMs are now allowing a cap of 95%. This cap is also consistent with monitoring guidance in support of the IMPROVE pr ogram that flags nephalometer measurements with
relative humidities of at least 95% (and transmissometer measurements with relative humidities of at least 90%) as correspond to hours with meteorological inte rferences. Therefore, for this analysis, ENSR proposes to cap the particle growth curve at 95 percent rela tive humidity.

In order to determine a percent change in light exti nction due to the project-related emission increase, a reference background light extinction must be quantifie d. To assess impacts fr om PHPP, ENSR initially proposes to use the background values specified in the FLAG guidance document of 0.6 and 4.5 Mm-1 for hygroscopic and non-hygroscopic particles, res pectively.

As noted in FLAG (2000), if a project-related change in extinction is less than 5 percent of the background extinction, then the project’s regional haze impact is de termined to be insignificant and no further modeling is required to demonstrate no adverse impact. If the project-related change in exti nction exceeds 5 percent,PHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 3-4 July 2008 

### then further analysis is warranted. For that purpose, we would consider an alternative analysis for additional information to be considered by the permitting authorit y and the FLMs, as noted below. The reviewers will then analyze the information being submitted and cons ider whether a conclusion of no adverse impact is

reasonable.

Additional model refinements/methods ma y also be considered, such as:

(1) The use of a finer scale modeling grid, which may be especially appropriate where the interaction between the emitted puffs and the terrain surrounding the source or the Class I area may not be well characterized with the initial grid spacing. ENSR has found that a reduced the grid size, to as low as 500 meters for nearby Class I areas with intervening terrain, provides a better depiction of terrain and would naturally result in a superior wind field.

(2) The use of more refined monthly average ammoni a concentrations that tend to be lowest in the winter and highest in the summer.

(3) An alternative regional haze analysis consistent with the BART method may also be considered. This approach has been presented in various venues by the FLMs as an alternative to the FLAG screening approach that is designed to assess visibili ty impacts at Class I areas. This BART approach uses Method 6 along with monthly average f(RH) values and reports the 98 th 

### percentile day (8 th 

### highest for each year, and 22 nd 

### highest over 3 years) to de termine whether the proposed project has an impact over a 5 percent change in extinction at the 98 th 

### percentile value. A “Tier 1” approach uses the best 20 percent background exti nction for comparison, while a “Tier 2” approach uses the annual average bac kground extinction. The FLMs have suggested that if a source’s impacts are below a 5 per cent change in extinction at the 98 th 

### percentile value for each year modeled, that they would likely not object to the PSD permit being issued.



### 3.2.4 Acidic Deposition

CALPUFF and CALPOST will be applied to obtain upper limit estimates of annual wet and dry deposition of nitrogen compounds (kg/ha/yr) associat ed with emissions from the new tu rbine stacks at San Gabriel, WA and Cucamonga, WA. Specifically, CALPUFF will be used to model both wet and dry deposition of NO 3 

### and

HNO 3 

### as well as dry deposition of NO X 

### to estimate the maximum annual wet and dry deposition of nitrogen (N) at the Class I areas.

The deposition results will be documented for evaluation . However, it is noted that the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service web site ( http://www.fs.fed.us/r6/ aq/natarm/document.htm )

indicates that the minimum detectable level for meas uring an increase in wet deposition of sulfates or nitrates is 0.5 kg/ha/yr. For conservatism, the Fore st Service recommends a signi ficance level of one tenth of this minimum detectable level, or 0.05 kg/ha/yr . The FLM has also recently developed a Deposition Analysis Threshold (DAT) of 0.005 kg/ha/yr in the west (FLAG, 2002 – Western US; DAT = 0.01 kg/ha/yr – Eastern US) to be used as a threshold for further anal ysis by the FLM, rather than as an adverse impact threshold (Porter, 2004). Since all Class I areas to be assessed in this analysis are west of the Mississippi River, the selected DAT for PHPP is 0.005 kg/ha/yr.

It is important to note that the DAT value was es tablished because the FLMs are concerned that, over time, cumulative deposition from emission sources may produce impacts upon Class I areas that are of

concern. The FLMs need to have a reasonable assuranc e that cumulative deposition from all new sources does not exceed 50% of natural background. Natural background in eastern Class I areas is 0.5 kg/ha/yr. This value was multiplied by 0.5 to attain 50% of nat ural background and by 0.04 which is a safety factor to account for cumulative new source growth consisting of 25 identical facilities in the area of concern (0.5 x 0.5 x 0.04 = 0.01). Therefore the use of a 0.005 kg/ha/yr threshold of concern for a new PSD source is very conservative due to the assumption of cumulative growth and due to not considering a substantial reduction in depos ition from reductions in SO 2 

### emissions from the BART rule.PHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 3-5 July 2008 

### 3.2.5 PM2.5 Analysis

Based on comments received for a similar project PSD permit application from EP A Region IX, PHPP will provide modeling results for total PM2.5 (primary plus secondary) at San Gabriel, WA and Cucamonga, WA.

The CALPUFF modeled sulfate and nitrate concentrati ons will be used as a surrogate to estimate the amount of ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate, the secondary PM2.5. The secondary sulfate and nitrate concentrations will then be scaled by the ratio of their respective molecular weights to the molecular weights of ammonium sulfate and ammonium ni trate using CALPUFF’s post-processing package, POSTUTIL. The respective scaling factors are 1.38 for su lfate and 1.29 for nitrate. In addition to combining the scaled sulfate and nitrate, the primary PM2.5 will be added to estimate the total contribution at each receptor due to the primary and secondary PM2.5. For c onservatism, it will init ially be assumed that the total primary PM10 concentrations will be used as a surrogate for the primary PM2.5 concentrations.

The total PM2.5 concentrations will be do cumented for informational purposes only.PHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 3-6 July 2008 

### Figure 3-1 Extent of Proposed Computational and Meteorological Grid for CALPUFF ModelingPHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 3-7 July 2008 

### PHPP Site
Location Figure 3-2 Terrain as Characterized throughout the Modeling Domain (looking NE)

Figure 3-3 Landuse as Characterized throughout the Modeling Domain PHPP Site
LocationPHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 3-8 July 2008 

### Figure 3-4 Location of 1st and 2nd Order NWS, Buoy, and

AQMD Meteorological Stations Proposed for CALMETPHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 3-9 July 2008 

### Figure 3-5 Location of CASTNET and EPA AQS Hourly Ozone Stations Proposed to be used as Input to CALPUFFPHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 4-1 July 2008 

# 4.0 VISCREEN Analysis

The PSD regulation requires an analysis of visibility impai rment (i.e., plume blight) at Class I areas within 50 km of a proposed PSD project. San Gabriel, WA is located within 50 km (see Figure 1-1), therefore in addition to regional haze assessed with CALPUFF, visi ble plume impacts will also be addressed for this Class I area. The plume visibility analysis will be conducted with the most current version of EPA’s screening model VISCREEN to determine if project emissi ons will impair vi sibility at the Cucamonga, WA. VISCREEN will be applied with the guidance provi ded in EPA's Workbook for Plume Visual Impact Screening and Analysis (Revised, 1992) (“Workbook”). As such the VISCREEN model will be applied to estimate two visual impact param eters, plume perceptibility ( Δ E) and plume contrast (Cp). Screening-level guidance indicates that values above 2.0 for Δ E and +/- 0.05 for Cp are considered perceptible. The

Workbook offers two levels of anal ysis. Level 1 screening analysis wh ich is the most simplified and conservative approach employing defaul t meteorological data with no si te specific conditions, and Level 2 analysis which takes into account r epresentative meteorological data and si te specific conditions such as complex terrain. Initially, a Level 1 analysis will be conducted and if necessary Level 2 will be conducted as

a refinement.PHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Dispersion Modeling Protocol 

### 5-1 July 2008 

# 5.0 References

EPA, 2003. Federal Register Notice Dated April 15, 2003

EPA, 2003. Guidance for Tracking Progress Under the Regional Haze Rule. EPA-454/B-03-004, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Re search Triangle Park, NC 27711.

EPA, 1992. Workbook for Plume Visual Impact Scre ening and Analysis (R evised). EPA-454/R-92-023.

FLAG, 2002. Federal Land Manager’s Air Quality Re lated Values Workgroup (FLAG). 2001. Guidance on Nitrogen Deposition Analysis Thresholds.

FLAG, 2000. Federal Land Manager’s Air Quality Rela ted Values Workgroup (FLAG). Phase I Report. U.S. Forest Service, National Park Serv ice, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Interagency Workgroup on Air Quality Modeling (IWAQM). 1998. Phase 2 Summary Report and Recommendations for Modeling Long Range Transport Impacts. EPA-454/R-98-019.

McNally, D., 2003. Annual Application of MM5 for Ca lendar Year 2001. Prepared for: Pat Dolwick, EPA. Alpine Geophysics, LLC; 7341 Poppy Way, Arvada, CO.

McNally, D., 2005. Annual Application of MM5 for Calendar Year 2003 at 36km Resolution. Prepared for: Pat Brewer, VISTAS. Alpine Geophysics, LLC; 7341 Poppy Way, Arvada, CO.

Olerud, D., 2003. Evaluation Methodologies for Met eorological Modeling in Support of VISTAS (Visibility Improvement – State and Tribal Association) (DRAFT). Prepared fo r: Mike Abraczinskas, VISTAS Technical Analysis Workgroup. Baron Advanced Meteorological Systems, LLC, P.O. Box 12889, 3021 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.

Porter, E. (Fish & Wildlife Service) 2004. Pers onal communication with Robert Paine of ENSR.

Scire, J.S., D.G. Strimaitis, R. J. Yamartino, 2000: A User’s Guide for the CALPUFF Dispersion Model (Version 5). Earth Tech, Inc. Concord, MA.

Scire, J.S., F.R. Robe, M.E. Fernau , R.J. Yamartino, 2000. A User’s Guide for the CALMET Meteorological Model (Version 5). Earth Tech, Inc. Concord, MA.

USDA Forest Service and National Park Serv ice, 2005. CALPUFF Reviewer’s Guide (DRAFT) prepared by Howard Gebhart. September 2005.PHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Disper sion Modeling Protocol July 2008 

# Attachment 1

Guidance from the NPS Regarding Speciation of PM10 EmissionsConsensusGas-firedTurbineExampleExampleofConsensusApproachwhereH2SO4emissionsarenotprovidedbyapplicantApplicant'sestimatesareinBOLD.HeatInputFilterablePM(25%Estimate)CondensiblePM(75%Estimate)TotalPM(Applicant)SO2(Applicant)Turbine(mmBtu/hr)(lb/mmBtu)(lb/hr)(lb/mmBtu)(lb/hr)(lb/mmBtu)(lb/hr)(gr/100scf)(lb/hr)GE7FA18872.437.289.702.03.10SO4SO2(Applicant-33%)(lb/hr)(lb/hr)1.552.07OrganicCarbon(lb/hr)5.73ImpactofConsensusCombinedCycleTurbineExampleonExtinctionTotalRelativeExtinctionEmissionsbextTypeNameCoef.f(RH)*Efficiency(lb/hr)1/MmFilterableEC10102.4324.25InorganicCPMSOIL110.00InorganicCPMSO43261.559.30*f(RH)willvaryOrganicCPMSOA445.7322.9056.45comparisonfromAP-42HeatInputFilterablePM(AP-42)CondensiblePM(AP-42)TotalPM(AP-42)SO2(AP-42)Turbine(mmBtu/hr)(lb/mmBtu)(lb/hr)(lb/mmBtu)(lb/hr)(lb/mmBtu)(lb/hr)(lb/mmBtu)%S(lb/hr)GE7FA18870.00193.590.00478.870.006612.450.940.0046.42PHPP Appendix G.5, Class I Area Disper sion Modeling Protocol July 2008 

# Attachment 2

Detailed S tation Information Proposed as Input to CALMET and CALPUFF

# Palmdale Hybrid Power Project:

NWS and AQMD Hourly Surface Stations Proposed for I nput to CALMET

State Station Name Station ID Latitude Longitude Elevati on NWS Stations

AZ AVALON/CATALINA 722920 33.400 -118.410 481

AZ BAKERSFIELD MEADOWS 723840 35.430 -119.050 149

AZ BISHOP AIRPORT 724800 37.360 -118.350 1250

CA BLYTHE RIVERSIDE CO 747188 33.610 -114.710 118

CA BULLHEAD CITY 723788 35.160 -114.560 167

CA BURBANK-GLENDALE-PA 722880 34.200 -118.350 225 CA CAMARILLO (AWOS) 723926 34.210 -119.080 23

CA CAMP PENDLETON MCAS 722926 33.300 -117.350 22

CA CARLSBAD/PALOMAR 722927 33.130 -117.280 100

CA CHINA LAKE NAF 746120 35.680 -117.680 676

CA CHINO AIRPORT 722899 33.960 -117.630 198

CA DAGGETT BARSTOW-DAG 723815 34.850 -116.800 585

CA EDWARDS AFB 723810 34.900 -117.860 705

CA EL MONTE 747043 34.080 -118.030 90

CA EL MONTE EMSU 747040 34.080 -118.030 91

CA FRESNO YOSEMITE INT 723890 36.780 -119.710 101

CA FULLERTON MUNICIPAL 722976 33.860 -117.980 29

CA HANFORD MUNI ARPT 723898 36.310 -119.610 75

CA HAWTHORNE MUNICIPAL 722956 33.910 -118.330 19

CA IMPERIAL 747185 32.830 -115.580 17

CA LA VERNE/BRACKETT 722887 34.100 -117.780 308

CA LANCASTER GEN WM FO 723816 34.730 -118.210 712

CA LAS VEGAS MCCARRAN 723860 36.080 -115.150 648

CA LEMOORE REEVES NAS 747020 36.330 -119.950 73 CA LOMPOC (AWOS) 722895 34.660 -120.460 27

CA LONG BEACH DAUGHERT 722970 33.830 -118.160 7

CA LOS ALAMITOS 722975 33.780 -118.050 11

CA LOS ANGELES DOWNTOW 722874 34.050 -118.230 82

CA LOS ANGELES INTL AR 722950 33.930 -118.400 30

CA MADERA 745046 36.980 -120.110 77

CA MARCH AFB 722860 33.900 -117.250 462

CA MERCED/MACREADY FLD 724815 37.280 -120.510 47

CA MERCURY DESERT ROCK 723870 36.610 -116.030 1006

CA N LAS VEGAS 724846 36.210 -115.200 671

CA NEEDLES AIRPORT 723805 34.760 -114.610 278

CA NELLIS AFB 723865 36.250 -115.030 573

CA OCEANSIDE MUNICIPAL 722934 33.210 -117.350 9

CA OXNARD 723927 34.200 -119.200 11

CA PALM SPRINGS RGNL 722868 33.830 -116.500 141

CA PALM SPRINGS THERMA 747187 33.630 -116.160 34

CA PALMDALE AIRPORT 723820 34.630 -118.080 769

CA PASO ROBLES MUNICIP 723965 35.660 -120.630 243

CA POINT MUGU NF 723910 34.110 -119.110 3 CA PORTERVILLE (AWOS) 723895 36.030 -119.060 135

CA PT.PIEDRAS BLANCA 723900 35.660 -121.280 21

CA RAMONA 745056 33.030 -116.910 424

CA RIVERSIDE MUNICIPAL 722869 33.950 -117.450 249

CA SAN CLEMENTE IS NAA 722925 33.010 -118.580 52

CA SAN DIEGO MIRAMAR N 722930 32.860 -117.130 139

# Palmdale Hybrid Power Project:

NWS and AQMD Hourly Surface Stations Proposed for I nput to CALMET

State Station Name Station ID Latitude Longitude Elevati on CA SAN DIEGO/GILLESPIE 722907 32.830 -116.960 117

CA SAN DIEGO/MONTGOMER 722903 32.810 -117.130 129

CA SAN LUIS OBISPO 722897 35.230 -120.630 64

CA SAN NICHOLAS ISLAND 722910 33.250 -119.450 173

CA SANDBERG 723830 34.750 -118.710 1376

CA SANTA ANA JOHN WAYN 722977 33.680 -117.860 16

CA SANTA BARBARA MUNIC 723925 34.430 -119.850 2

CA SANTA MARIA PUBLIC 723940 34.910 -120.460 77

CA SANTA MONICA MUNI 722885 34.010 -118.450 53

CA TORRANCE MUNICIPAL 722955 33.800 -118.330 27

CA TWENTYNINE PALMS 690150 34.300 -116.160 626

CA VAN NUYS AIRPORT 722886 34.210 -118.480 234

CA VANDENBERG RANGE 723935 34.710 -120.560 100 NV VISALIA MUNI (AWOS) 723896 36.310 -119.400 89

NV WHITEMAN ARPT 745057 34.260 -118.410 306

NV YUMA INTL AIRPORT 722800 32.650 -114.600 62

NV YUMA MCAS 699604 32.650 -114.610 64
AQMD Stations

CA Barstow 060710001 34.894 -117.024 690 CA Maricopa-Stanislaus Street 060290008 35.051 -119.403 297
CA Santa Clarita 060376012 34.383 -118.528 397 CA Fresno-Sierra Skypark #2 060190242 36.842 -119.883 65

CA Parlier 060194001 36.598 -119.504 78

CA Olancha-Walker Creek Road 060270021 36.266 -117.992 1 100 CA Dirty Sox 060270022 36.326 -117.955 1060 CA Flat Rock-Highway 190 060270024 36.422 -117.837 1133 CA Shell Cut-Highway 190 060270025 36.368 -117.898 1104

CA Keeler-Cerro Gordo Road 060271003 36.488 -117.871 109 7
CA Corcoran-Patterson Avenue 060310004 36.102 -119.566 6 1
CA Azusa 060370002 34.136 -117.924 183 CA Lynwood 060371301 33.929 -118.211 27

CA Pasadena-S Wilson Avenue 060372005 34.132 -118.128 25 0 CA Madera-Pump Yard 060390004 36.867 -120.010 85 CA Mission Viejo-26081 Via Pera 060592022 33.630 -117.6 76 161 CA Banning Airport 060650012 33.921 -116.858 473

CA Perris 060656001 33.789 -117.228 439
CA Lake Elsinore-W Flint Street 060659001 33.676 -117.3 31 1440
CA Crestline 060710005 34.241 -117.276 1384 CA Phelan-Beekley Road & Phelan 060710012 34.425 -117.5 90 1250 CA Twentynine Palms-Adobe Road # 060710017 34.142 -116. 055 607
CA Victorville-14306 Park Avenue 060710306 34.512 -117. 325 913 CA Upland 060711004 34.103 -117.629 369 CA Trona-Athol and Telegraph 060711234 35.774 -117.372 5 45 CA Fontana-Arrow Highway 060712002 34.101 -117.492 381 CA Hesperia-Olive Street 060714001 34.416 -117.286 1006

CA Redlands-Dearborn 060714003 34.059 -117.148 481

CA San Bernardino-4th Street 060719004 34.107 -117.274 3 05 CA El Capitan Beach 060830008 34.462 -120.026 24

CA Paradise Road-Los Padres Nati 060831014 34.542 -119. 791 547
CA Gaviota-GTC Site B 060831018 34.528 -120.196 305

# Palmdale Hybrid Power Project:

NWS and AQMD Hourly Surface Stations Proposed for I nput to CALMET

State Station Name Station ID Latitude Longitude Elevati on CA Carpinteria-Gobernador Road 060831021 34.403 -119.45 7 137 CA Las Flores Canyon #1 060831025 34.490 -120.046 189 CA Las Flores Canyon-Odor 060831037 34.464 -120.046 26 CA Santa Ynez-Airport Road 060833001 34.608 -120.073 210 CA Vandenberg Air Force Base-STS 060834003 34.596 -120. 633 100 CA Thousand Oaks-Moorpark Road 061110007 34.210 -118.87 0 232 CA Simi Valley-Upper Air 061110008 34.291 -118.798 278

CA Piru-3301 Pacific Avenue 061110009 34.404 -118.810 19 0 CA Ojai-Ojai Avenue 061111004 34.417 -119.246 262 CA Simi Valley-Cochran Street 061112002 34.276 -118.684 310
CA Ventura-Emma Wood State Beach 061112003 34.281 -119. 315 3 Note: Stations availability may vary slightly year to year.

# Palmdale Hybrid Power Project:

Upper Air Stations Proposed for Input to CALMET

WBAN Name Latitude Longitude Time Zone

93214 VANDENBERG AFB 34.717 -120.567 8

03190 SAN DIEGO MIRAMAR WSCMO 32.833 -117.117 8

03160 MERCURY DESERT ROCK AP 36.621 -116.028 8

# Palmdale Hybrid Power Project:

Hourly Precipitation Stations Proposed for Input to CALMET

State County ID Name Elevation Latitude Longitude

CA LOS ANGELES 14 ACTON ESCONDIDO FC261 2970.0 34.495 -11 8.271
CA SAN LUIS OBISPO 321 ARROYO GRANDE 11 ENE 900.0 35.184 -120.398
CA TULARE 422 BADGER 3060.0 36.629 -119.012

CA KERN 442 BAKERSFIELD AP 489.0 35.434 -119.054

CA RIVERSIDE 606 BEAUMONT 2613.0 33.929 -116.975

CA SAN BERNARDINO 742 BIG BEAR LAKE DAM 6815.0 34.241 -11 6.974
CA KERN 979 BORON 2455.0 35.004 -117.650

CA ORANGE 1057 BREA DAM 275.0 33.891 -117.926

CA LOS ANGELES 1194 BURBANK VALLEY PUMP PLA 655.0 34.187 -118.348
CA SANTA BARBARA 1253 CACHUMA LAKE 781.0 34.583 -119.981

CA SAN BERNARDINO 1272 CAJON WEST SUMMIT 4780.0 34.390 -1 17.593
CA SAN BERNARDINO 1369 CAMP ANGELUS 5770.0 34.149 -116.98 0
CA ORANGE 1518 CARBON CANYON GILMAN 1624.0 33.923 -117.77 8
CA SANTA BARBARA 1540 CARPINTERIA RESERVOIR 385.0 34.406 -119.485
CA LOS ANGELES 1682 CHATSWORTH RESERVOIR 910.0 34.225 -11 8.618
CA VENTURA 1754 CHUCHUPATE RANGER STN 5260.0 34.808 -119. 011
CA FRESNO 1864 COALINGA 670.0 36.136 -120.361

CA KINGS 2012 CORCORAN IRRIG DIST 200.0 36.098 -119.582

CA SAN BERNARDINO 2164 CRESTLINE FIRE STATION 4560.0 34. 243 -117.271
CA SAN BERNARDINO 2255 DAGGETT POWER PLANT 1970.0 34.861 -116.856
CA SAN BERNARDINO 2257 DAGGETT AP 1917.0 34.854 -116.786

CA RIVERSIDE 2805 ELSINORE 1285.0 33.669 -117.332

CA SAN BERNARDINO 2895 ETIWANDA 1390.0 34.132 -117.524

CA SANTA BARBARA 3048 FIGUEROA MOUNTAIN 3200.0 34.735 -12 0.007
CA VENTURA 3219 FRAZIER PARK 9 SW 5150.0 34.733 -119.104

CA ORANGE 3285 FULLERTON DAM 340.0 33.896 -117.888

CA SANTA BARBARA 3402 GIBRALTAR DAM 2 1550.0 34.523 -119. 682
CA KERN 3465 GLENNVILLE FULTON R S 3500.0 35.725 -118.680

CA LOS ANGELES 3751 HANSEN DAM 1087.0 34.261 -118.385

CA RIVERSIDE 3855 HAYFIELD PUMPING PLANT 1370.0 33.704 -1 15.629
CA RIVERSIDE 4181 HURKEY CREEK PARK 4390.0 33.676 -116.67 9
CA RIVERSIDE 4211 IDYLLWILD FIRE DEPT 5380.0 33.757 -116. 707
CA SAN BERNARDINO 4297 IRON MOUNTAIN 922.0 34.147 -115.12 2
CA ORANGE 4650 LAGUNA BEACH NO 2 210.0 33.557 -117.801

CA LOS ANGELES 4749 LANCASTER ATC 2338.0 34.741 -118.212

CA TULARE 5026 LODGEPOLE 6735.0 36.604 -118.733

CA INYO 5067 LONE PINE COTTONWOOD PH 3790.0 36.443 -118.0 43
CA LOS ANGELES 5085 LONG BEACH DAUGHERTY AP 31.0 33.812 - 118.146
CA KERN 5100 LORAINE 5 NNE 4235.0 35.384 -118.412

CA LOS ANGELES 5114 LOS ANGELES INTL AP 97.0 33.938 -118. 389
CA LOS ANGELES 5115 LOS ANGELES DOWNTOWN 230.0 34.051 -11 8.235
CA KERN 5151 LOST HILLS 288.0 35.617 -119.689

CA SAN BERNARDINO 5218 LYTLE CREEK R S 2730.0 34.238 -117 .471
CA VENTURA 5417 MATILIJA DAM 1060.0 34.484 -119.306

CA SAN BERNARDINO 5632 MILL CREEK INTAKE 4945.0 34.091 -1 16.936
CA LOS ANGELES 5637 MILL CREEK SUMMIT R S 5020.0 34.393 - 118.075
CA TULARE 5669 MILO 5 NE 3100.0 36.276 -118.768

CA KERN 5756 MOJAVE 2735.0 35.049 -118.162

CA SANTA BARBARA 6154 NEW CUYAMA FIRE STN 2160.0 34.946 - 119.683
CA LOS ANGELES 6162 NEWHALL S FC32CE 1243.0 34.387 -118.5 34
CA SAN DIEGO 6319 OAK GROVE R S 2750.0 33.386 -116.792

CA SAN DIEGO 6379 OCEANSIDE PUMPING PLT 30.0 33.210 -117. 354
CA ORANGE 6473 ORANGE COUNTY RESERVOIR 660.0 33.938 -117. 885
CA VENTURA 6572 OXNARD WSFO 63.0 34.211 -119.139

CA VENTURA 6577 OZENA GUARD STATION 3590.0 34.683 -119.35 3
CA LOS ANGELES 6624 PALMDALE 2596.0 34.588 -118.094

# Palmdale Hybrid Power Project:

Hourly Precipitation Stations Proposed for Input to CALMET

State County ID Name Elevation Latitude Longitude

CA SAN DIEGO 6657 PALOMAR MOUNTAIN OBSRVT 5550.0 33.378 - 116.840
CA SAN LUIS OBISPO 6742 PASO ROBLES MUNI AP 810.0 35.670 -120.628
CA VENTURA 6910 PINE MOUNTAIN INN 4220.0 34.610 -119.367

CA VENTURA 6942 PIRU TELEMETERING 800.0 34.400 -118.705

CA RIVERSIDE 7123 PRADO DAM 560.0 33.890 -117.645

CA RIVERSIDE 7473 RIVERSIDE CITRUS EXP ST 986.0 33.967 -1 17.361
CA SAN BERNARDINO 7600 RUNNING SPRINGS 1 E 5965.0 34.207 -117.086
CA LOS ANGELES 7762 SAN FERNANDO PH 3 1250.0 34.313 -118. 492
CA LOS ANGELES 7779 SAN GABRIEL DAM FC425B 1481.0 34.205 -117.861
CA RIVERSIDE 7813 SAN JACINTO RS 1560.0 33.787 -116.958

CA ORANGE 7837 SAN JUAN GUARD STN 730.0 33.592 -117.513

CA SANTA BARBARA 7859 SAN MARCOS PASS 2300.0 34.512 -119. 823
CA SANTA BARBARA 7902 SANTA BARBARA 5.0 34.417 -119.684

CA LOS ANGELES 7926 SANTA FE DAM 425.0 34.112 -117.971

CA SANTA BARBARA 7946 SANTA MARIA PUBLIC AP 242.0 34.899 -120.449
CA SANTA BARBARA 7976 SANTA YNEZ 600.0 34.608 -120.069

CA ORANGE 7987 SANTIAGO DAM 855.0 33.787 -117.722

CA RIVERSIDE 7993 SANTIAGO PEAK 5638.0 33.711 -117.536

CA LOS ANGELES 8092 SEPULVEDA DAM 680.0 34.166 -118.473

CA LOS ANGELES 8230 SIGNAL HILL FC 415 100.0 33.797 -118. 168
CA ORANGE 8243 SILVERADO RANGER STATIO 1095.0 33.743 -117 .660
CA VENTURA 8261 SIMI SANITATION PLANT 660.0 34.284 -118.8 12
CA LOS ANGELES 8436 SPADRA LANTERMAN HOSP 676.0 34.042 -1 17.810
CA TULARE 8460 SPRINGVILLE R S 1050.0 36.142 -118.811

CA TULARE 8463 SPRINGVILLE TULE HD 4070.0 36.193 -118.657

CA SANTA BARBARA 8697 SURF 2 ENE 110.0 34.681 -120.536

CA KERN 8832 TEHACHAPI AIRPORT 3960.0 35.131 -118.433

CA RIVERSIDE 8844 TEMECULA 1020.0 33.497 -117.151

CA RIVERSIDE 8893 THERMAL FIRE STN 39 -115.0 33.636 -116. 164
CA TULARE 8912 THREE RIVERS 6 SE 1935.0 36.368 -118.848

CA TULARE 8917 THREE RIVERS EDISON PH 1140.0 36.465 -118. 862
CA ORANGE 8992 TRABUCO CANYON 970.0 33.658 -117.589

CA TULARE 9120 UHL R S 3725.0 35.886 -118.646

CA SAN BERNARDINO 9325 VICTORVILLE PUMP PLANT 2858.0 34. 535 -117.306
CA LOS ANGELES 9666 WHITTIER NARROWS DAM 200.0 34.020 -11 8.084
NV CLARK 4436 LAS VEGAS AP 2127.0 36.079 -115.155

NV CLARK 7369 SEARCHLIGHT 3540.0 35.466 -114.922 Note: Stations availability may vary slightly year to year.

# Palmdale Hybrid Power Project:

Buoy Stations Proposed for Input to CALMET

Name Station ID Latitude Longitude

PT. CONCEPTION 46063 34.27 -120.66

SANTA BARBARA W 46054 34.27 -120.45

SANTA BARBARA E 46053 34.24 -119.85

SANTA MONICA BASIN 46025 33.75 -119.08

TANNER BANKS 46047 32.43 -119.53

# Palmdale Hybrid Power Project:

CASTNET and EPA AQS Hourly Ozone Stations Proposed for Input to CALPUFF

CASTNET Stations State County Site ID Station Name Latitude Longitude CA Inyo DEV412 Death Valley NM 36.509 -116.848

CA San Bernardino JOT403 Joshua Tree NM 34.071 -116.391

CA San Benito PIN414 Pinnacles NM 36.485 -121.156 CA Tulare SEK402 Sequoia NP - Lookout Pt 36.429 -118.763

EPA AQS Stations State City Monitor ID Address Latitude Longitude

AZ Yuma 04-027-0005-44201-1 9500 South Ave 8e Az Weste rn College 32.685 -114.492

AZ Yuma 04-027-0006-44201-1 9140 E. 28th Street 32.678 - 114.476
CA Shaver Lake 06-019-0010-44201-1 North Perimeter Roa d 37.138 -119.267

CA Calexico 06-025-0006-44201-1 Calexico - East 32.678 - 115.390 CA Westmorland 06-025-4003-44201-1 202 W First Street, Westmorland 33.033 -115.623 CA Niland 06-025-4004-44201-1 7711 English Road, Nilan d 33.214 -115.544

CA Death Valley National Monument 06-027-0101-44201-1 Death Valley Nm, Death Valley, C a 36.509 -116.848 CA Edison 06-029-0007-44201-1 Johnson Farm, Edison, Ca . 93320 35.346 -118.851 CA Mojave 06-029-0011-44201-1 923 Poole Street, Mojave , Ca 93501 35.051 -118.146 CA Arvin 06-029-5001-44201-1 20401 Bear Mtn Blvd, Arvi n, Ca., 93203 35.208 -118.784

CA Madera 06-039-0004-44201-1 Rd. 29 1/2 No. Of Ave 8 Madera County 36.867 -120.010 CA King City 06-053-0005-44201-1 750 Metz Road, King C ity, Ca 93930 36.228 -121.116 CA Indio 06-065-2002-44201-1 46-990 Jackson St., Indio 33.709 -116.215 CA Hollister 06-069-0002-44201-1 1979 Fairview Rd., Ho llister 36.844 -121.361

CA Pinnacles National Monument 06-069-0003-44201-1 Ne Entrance, Pinnacles Nm 36.485 -121.156

CA Crestline (Census Name For Cre 06-071-0005-44201-1 Lake Gregory-Lake Dr, Crestline 3 4.243 -117.272 CA Phelan 06-071-0012-44201-1 Beekley & Phelan Rds, Ph elan 34.426 -117.563

CA Trona 06-071-1234-44201-1 Corner Of Athol And Teles cope 35.764 -117.396 CA Yucca Valley 06-071-9002-44201-1 Joshua Tree Nation al Monument 34.071 -116.391 CA Alpine 06-073-1006-44201-1 2300 Victoria Dr., Alpin e 32.833 -116.750 CA Otay Mesa 06-073-2007-44201-1 1100 Paseo Internatio nal, Otay Mesa, Ca 32.584 -116.938 CA Nipomo 06-079-4002-44201-1 Nipomo Regional Park, Ni pomo, Ca. 35.028 -120.387 CA Capitan 06-083-0008-44201-1 El Capitan St Prk, Hwy 101, Capitan 34.462 -120.024 CA Lompoc 06-083-1013-44201-1 Hs & P Facility-500 M Sw , Lompoc 34.726 -120.428

CA Los Padres National Forest 06-083-1014-44201-1 Para dise Rd-Los Padres Nf 34.541 -119.791 CA Gaviota 06-083-1018-44201-1 Gtc B-Hwy 101 Near Nojo qui Pass, Gaviota 34.528 -120.196 CA Carpinteria 06-083-1021-44201-1 Gobernador Rd, Carp interia 34.403 -119.458 CA Capitan 06-083-1025-44201-1 Lfc #1-Las Flores Canyo n, Capitan 34.490 -120.046

CA Channel Islands National Park 06-083-2012-44201-1 S anta Rosa Island -Becher'S Bay 34.016 -120.050 CA Santa Ynez 06-083-3001-44201-1 Airport Rd., Santa Y nez 34.603 -120.071 CA Vandenberg Air Force Base 06-083-4003-44201-1 Sts P ower Plant, Vandenberg Afb 34.596 -120.630 CA Sequoia National Park 06-107-0006-44201-1 Lower Kaw eah, Sequoia Np 36.567 -118.778 CA Mineral King 06-107-0008-44201-1 Lookout Point, Min eral King Road 36.429 -118.763 CA Sequoia National Park 06-107-0009-44201-1 Sequoia & Kings Canyon Np 36.489 -118.827 CA Oak View 06-111-0005-44201-1 5500 Casitas Pass Rd, Near Oak View 34.387 -119.416 CA Piru 06-111-0009-44201-1 3301 Pacific Avenue, Piru, Ca 93040 34.405 -118.810 CA El Rio 06-111-3001-44201-1 Rio Mesa School, El Rio 3 4.255 -119.143 NV North Las Vegas 32-003-0022-44201-1 Ne Of City-1210 1 Hwy 93/I15 36.391 -114.906 NV Mesquite 32-003-0023-44201-1 465 E. Old Mill Road, Mesquite, Nv 36.808 -114.061 NV Searchlight 32-003-0078-44201-1 103 Highway 95, Sea rchlight, Nv 35.465 -114.920

NV Jean 32-003-1019-44201-1 T25s R59e S10 35.780 -115.34 0 Note: Stations availability may vary slightly year to year.