ILLINOIS OFFICIAL REPORTS

Appellate Court

Dupree v. Hardy, 2011 IL App (4th) 100351

Appellate Court

Caption

CEDRIC DUPREE, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. MARCUS HARDY,Warden;

JOSEPH MATHY, Acting Warden; and ROGER WALKER, Director,

The Department of Corrections, Defendants-Appellees.

 District & No. Fourth District

Docket No. 4-10-0351

Filed July 20, 2011

Held

(Note: This syllabus

constitutes no part of

the opinion of the court

but has been prepared

by the Reporter of

Decisions for the

convenience of the

reader.)

An inmate’s petition for a writ of mandamus alleging that prison officials

unlawfully failed to restore his access to the prison’s exercise yard and

seeking the removal of all inmate disciplinary reports from his records

and the return of his confiscated “legal and personal property” was

properly dismissed as frivolous due to the lack of an arguable basis in the

law or fact and the absence of supporting evidence.

Decision Under 

Review

Appeal from the Circuit Court of Livingston County, No. 09-MR-55; the

Hon. Jennifer H. Bauknecht, Judge, presiding.

Judgment Affirmed.
Counsel on

Appeal

Cedric Dupree, of Pontiac, appellant pro se.

Lisa Madigan, Attorney General, of Chicago (Michael A. Scodro,

Solicitor General, and Clifford W. Berlow, Assistant Attorney General,

of counsel), for appellees.

Panel JUSTICE STEIGMANN delivered the judgment of the court, with

opinion.

Justices Turner and McCullough concurred in the judgment and opinion.

OPINION

¶ 1 In May 2009, plaintiff, Cedric Dupree, an inmate at Pontiac Correctional Center, pro se

filed a petition for writ of mandamus under article 14 of the Code of Civil Procedure (Civil

Code) (735 ILCS 5/14-101 through 14-109 (West 2008)), alleging that defendants, Marcus

Hardy (Pontiac’s warden), Joseph Mathy (Pontiac’s acting warden), and Roger Walker

(Director of the Department of Corrections (DOC)), acted unlawfully by depriving him of

certain property, exercise privileges, and administrative action.

¶ 2 In October 2009, Walker filed a motion to dismiss Dupree’s petition under section 2-

619(a)(9) of the Civil Code (735 ILCS 5/2-619(a)(9) (West 2008)). In January 2010, Hardy

and Mathy filed a motion to dismiss Dupree’s petition under section 2-615 of the Civil Code

(735 ILCS 5/2-615 (West 2008)). At an April 2010 hearing on defendants’ respective

motions, the trial court (1) dismissed Dupree’s mandamus petition and (2) ordered Dupree

to pay the filing fees and court costs associated with that petition, which the court

characterized as “frivolous.”

¶ 3 Dupree pro se appeals, making several claims related to the trial court’s dismissal of his

mandamus petition. We affirm.

¶ 4 I. BACKGROUND

¶ 5 In May 2009, Dupree pro se filed a petition for writ of mandamus, alleging that Hardy,

Mathy, and Walker acted unlawfully by failing to (1) restore his access to the prison’s

exercise yard, (2) remove all existing inmate disciplinary reports (IDRs) from his prison

record because Walker failed to personally review and finalize each report, and (3) return his

confiscated “legal and personal property” after Dupree had the relevant IDR expunged.

Dupree’s petition also sought $527 in damages for his lost, stolen, and confiscated property.

That same day, Dupree also filed a motion for appointment of counsel, which the trial court

denied three days later.

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¶ 6 Following an August 18, 2009, review hearing, the trial court entered a docket entry (1)

noting that a return of service had yet to be filed and (2) ordering the Attorney General for

the State of Illinois to file an appearance and responsive pleading within 45 days. A week

later, Dupree pro se filed a motion for default judgment.

¶ 7 On October 7, 2009, the AttorneyGeneral–on Walker’s behalf–filed a motion to dismiss

Dupree’s petition for writ of mandamus under section 2-619(a)(9) of the Civil Code (735

ILCS 5/2-619(a)(9) (West 2008)). In the memorandum of law in support of that motion, the

Attorney General noted that as of October 2009, Hardy and Mathy had not been served with

Dupree’s complaint.

¶ 8 The following day, Dupree pro se filed a motion to supplement relief, requesting that the

trial court permit him to supplement the relief he sought in his May 2009 petition for writ of

mandamus. In particular, Dupree requested (1) a declaratory judgment that defendants’

unlawful confiscation of his “legal property” was unconstitutional and posed “a legal

[hindrance]” and (2) an order, requiring defendants to provide him copies of all the

grievances he had filed and the respective responses because defendants had destroyed those

documents. On October 13, 2009, Dupree pro se filed a motion for stay, essentially

requesting that the court address his motion for default judgment before requiring him to

provide an answer to Walker’s motion to dismiss.

¶ 9 Following a November 2009 hearing, the trial court (1) denied Dupree’s motion for

default judgment, finding that no evidence was shown that Hardy and Mathy were served

with Dupree’s petition for writ of mandamus; (2) denied Dupree’s motion for a stay; and (3)

granted Dupree’s motion to supplement relief.

¶ 10 On January 5, 2010, Dupree pro se filed (1) an answer to Walker’s motion to dismiss and

(2) a motion for default judgment against Hardy and Mathy, which was premised on a May

2009 docket entry that showed his mandamus petition had been mailed to each defendant.

On January 21, 2010, the Attorney General–on behalf of Hardy and Mathy–filed a motion

for leave to file a motion to dismiss under section 2-615 of the Civil Code and supporting

memorandum of law instanter(735 ILCS 5/2-615 (West 2008)). In that motion, the Attorney

General explained that Hardy and Mathy had not joined Walker’s October 2009 motion to

dismiss because of a filing error whereby documents from the instant case had been filed

with documents from one of three other pending cases that all involved Dupree and

defendants. The Attorney General explained further that Dupree would not be prejudiced

because the motion to dismiss proffered by Hardy and Mathy alleged the same arguments as

Walker’s motion to dismiss.

¶ 11 At a March 2010 hearing, the trial court (1) denied Dupree’s motion for default

judgment, (2) granted Hardy and Mathy leave to file their motion to dismiss, and (3) granted

Dupree 28 days to file a response to that motion. The court’s docket entry also noted that it

would base its judgment on the parties’ written arguments only. In April 2010, Dupree pro

se filed his answer to the motion to dismiss filed by Hardy and Mathy.

¶ 12 In April 2010, the trial court entered the following docket entry:

“In his mandamus petition, [Dupree] seeks the return of personal property and

monetary compensation; restoration of yard privileges; and pre-IDR status. Yard

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privileges and IDR status are discretionary. Therefore, [Dupree] is not entitled to

mandamus relief. [Dupree] has sought a declaratory judgment on the issue of the

confiscation of personal property. However, [Dupree] has failed to state a proper cause

of action for declaratory relief. For these reasons, the Motion to Dismiss is granted.

Furthermore, the court finds that [Dupree’s] filings are frivolous as they lack an arguable

basis in either the law or fact and that the allegations are not supported by any evidence.

[Dupree] has filed over 10 mandamus petitions during his incarceration at Pontiac.

Therefore, [Dupree] is ordered to pay the full filing fees and actual court costs incurred

in connection with this matter.”

¶ 13 This appeal followed.

¶ 14 II. ANALYSIS

¶ 15 Dupree argues that the trial court erred by dismissing his petition for writ of mandamus.

Specifically, Dupree contends that he stated a cause of action for mandamus relief by

asserting that defendants acted unlawfully when they failed to (1) restore his access to the

prison’s exercise yard, (2) remove all existing IDRs from his prison record because Walker

failed to personally review and finalize each report, and (3) return his confiscated “legal and

personal property” after Dupree had the relevant IDR expunged. Dupree also argues that the

court erred by ordering him to pay filing fees and court costs associated with his petition for

writ of mandamus and denying his request for a declaratoryjudgment. Finally, Dupree argues

that the court abused its discretion by failing to (1) appoint counsel to represent him and (2)

enter default judgment against defendants. We address Dupree’s arguments in turn.

¶ 16 A. The Trial Court’s Dismissal of Dupree’s

Petition for Writ of Mandamus

¶ 17 1. A Section 2-615 Motion To Dismiss

and the Standard of Review

¶ 18 We first note that although Walker’s October 2009 motion to dismiss was brought under

section 2-619(a)(9) of the Civil Code, Walker argued that Dupree’s mandamus petition was

legally insufficient, which is a proper challenge under section 2-615 of the Civil Code. Thus,

we review the substance of both motions to dismiss under section 2-615 of the Civil Code.

See Winters v. Wangler, 386 Ill. App. 3d 788, 792-93, 898 N.E.2d 776, 780 (2008)

(disregarding the defendant’s section 2-619(a)(4) designation on his motion to dismiss and

instead reviewing it under section 2-615 because the defendant challenged the legal

sufficiency of the plaintiff’s complaint).

¶ 19 A motion to dismiss under section 2-615 of the Civil Code (735 ILCS 5/2-615 (West

2008)) “challenges the legal sufficiency of a complaint based on defects apparent on its

face.” Marshall v. Burger King Corp., 222 Ill. 2d 422, 429, 856 N.E.2d 1048, 1053 (2006).

When reviewing a trial court’s dismissal of a complaint under section 2-615 of the Civil

Code, we accept as true all well-pleaded facts contained within the complaint along with the

reasonable inferences that may be drawn therefrom in the light most favorable to the

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plaintiff. Napleton v. Village of Hinsdale, 374 Ill. App. 3d 1098, 1101, 872 N.E.2d 23, 27

(2007). However, this court will disregard mere conclusions of law or facts not supported by

specific factual allegations. White v. DaimlerChrysler Corp., 368 Ill. App. 3d 278, 282, 856

N.E.2d 542, 546 (2006). We review de novo a trial court’s ruling under section 2-615 of the

Civil Code. Poruba v. Poruba, 396 Ill. App. 3d 214, 215, 919 N.E.2d 1066, 1067 (2009).

¶ 20 2. Dupree’s Mandamus Claims

¶ 21 a. Mandamus Relief

¶ 22 In Rodriguez v. Illinois Prisoner Review Board, 376 Ill. App. 3d 429, 433-34, 876 N.E.2d

659, 663-64 (2007), the Fifth District discussed mandamus relief, stating, in pertinent part,

as follows:

“Mandamus is an extraordinary civil remedy that will be granted to enforce, as a

matter of right, the performance of official nondiscretionary duties by a public officer.

Lee v. Findley, 359 Ill. App. 3d 1130, 1133, 835 N.E.2d 985, 987 (2005). *** Mandamus

will issue only where the plaintiff has fulfilled his burden (see Mason v. Snyder, 332 Ill.

App. 3d 834, 840, 774 N.E.2d 457, 461 (2002)) to set forth every material fact needed

to demonstrate that (1) he has a clear right to the relief requested, (2) there is a clear duty

on the part of the defendant to act, and (3) clear authority exists in the defendant to

complywith an order granting mandamusrelief. Baldacchino v. Thompson, 289 Ill. App.

3d 104, 109, 682 N.E.2d 182, 186 (1997). A ‘material fact’ is one that ‘is significant or

essential to the issue or the matter at hand.’ Black’s Law Dictionary 611 (7th ed. 1999).

Because Illinoisis a fact-pleading jurisdiction, a plaintiff is required to set forth a legally

recognized claim and plead facts in support of each element that bring the claim within

the cause of action alleged. Beahringer v. Page, 204 Ill. 2d 363, 369, 789 N.E.2d 1216,

1221 (2003).” (Emphasis in original.)

¶ 23 b. Dupree’s Exercise-Yard Claim

¶ 24 Dupree contends that he stated a cause of action for mandamus relief by asserting that

defendants acted unlawfully when they failed to restore his access to the prison’s exercise

yard. Citing section 504.670(a)(2) of title 20 of the Administrative Code, entitled “Recreation

for Persons in Segregation Status,” Dupree claims that he has a “right” to five hours of

exercise yard time per week that defendants cannot transform into a privilege (20 Ill. Adm.

Code 504.670(a)(2) (2011)). Thus, Dupree posits that the trial court’s finding that defendants

had discretionary authority to place restrictions on his access to the prison’s exercise yard

was erroneous. We disagree.

¶ 25 We first reject Dupree’s claim that he had a “right” to access the prison’s exercise yard.

In Ashley v. Snyder, 316 Ill. App. 3d 1252, 1258, 739 N.E.2d 897, 902 (2000), this court held

that prison regulations, such as the Administrative Code, “were designed to provide guidance

to prison officials in the administration of prisons” and “were neverintended to confer rights

on inmates or serve as a basis for constitutional claims.” (Emphasis in original.) See also

McNeil v. Carter, 318 Ill. App. 3d 939, 943, 742 N.E.2d 1277, 1281 (2001) (citing Ashley

approvingly, for the proposition that a statute does not confer a private right on inmates). The

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rationale for such a prohibition is to (1) prevent inmates–such as Dupree–from “[searching]

through prison regulations and state statutes in search of mandatory language on which to

base their purported ‘rights’ ” and (2) extract courts from what essentially amounts to daily

prison managerial decisions. Ashley, 316 Ill. App. 3d at 1259, 739 N.E.2d at 903.

¶ 26 We noted further the following regarding the constitutional rights inmates possess:

“The Constitution does not require that prisons be comfortable [citation], only that

they supply basic human needs [citation]. Inmates thus have a constitutional right to

adequate shelter, food, drinking water, clothing, sanitation, medical care, and personal

safety. [Citations.] Prisoners also have a reasonable right of access to courts and a right

to a reasonable opportunity to exercise religious freedom under the first amendment.

[Citation.] Beyond these, prisoners possess no other rights, only privileges.” Ashley, 316

Ill. App. 3d at 1258-59, 739 N.E.2d at 903.

¶ 27 We also reject Dupree’s claim that defendants lacked the discretionary authority to place

restrictions on his exercise-yard privileges. Section 504.670 of title 20 of the Administrative

Code–which Dupree relies upon–also allows the temporary restriction or suspension of an

inmate’s recreation outside of the cell if it is determined that the inmate is a “threat to the

safety and security of the facility or any person.” 20 Ill. Adm. Code 504.670(b) (2011). Such

circumstances include, but are not limited to, the following: (1) inmates who are segregated

and under investigation (20 Ill. Adm. Code 504.670(b)(1)); (2) inmates who have medical

or a mental health condition (20 Ill. Adm. Code 504.670(b)(2)); (3) inmates who have been

witnesses in criminal cases against other inmates or require precautions to ensure their safety

(20 Ill. Adm. Code 504.670(b)(3)); (4) inmates classified as high escape risks (20 Ill. Adm.

Code 504.670(b)(4)); (5) inmates that commit certain crimes while segregated (20 Ill. Adm.

Code 504.670(c)(1)); and (6) inmates who commit major rule or minor disciplinary

infractions that are “yard-related” while the offender was in a segregation status (20 Ill. Adm.

Code 504.670(c)(2), (c)(3)).

¶ 28 In his brief to this court, Dupree posits only–as he did in his May 2009 petition for writ

of mandamus–that Mathy restricted his access to the exercise yard whenever he received an

IDR although “the [IDR] has nothing to do with the yard” and that “nowhere in Title 20 of

the [Administrative Code] is [Mathy] allowed to do so.” However, without more, Dupree’s

claim fails to set forth every material fact required to demonstrate that he is entitled to

mandamus relief. Therefore, we conclude that Dupree failed to state a cause of action in this

regard.

¶ 29 c. Dupree’s IDR Claim

¶ 30 Dupree also contends that he stated a cause of action for mandamus relief by asserting

that defendants acted unlawfully when they failed to remove all existing IDRs from his

prison record because Walker failed to personally review and finalize each report. We

disagree.

¶ 31 Section 504.805 of title 20 of the Administrative Code, which outlines the

responsibilities a director or chief administrative officer has pertaining to discipline and

grievances, provides as follows:

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“a) Unless otherwise specified, the Director or Chief Administrative Officer may

delegate responsibilities stated in this Subpart to another person or persons or designate

another person or persons to perform the duties specified.

b) No other individual may routinely perform duties whenever a Section in this

Subpart specifically states the Director or Chief Administrative Officer shall personally

perform the duties. However, the Director or Chief Administrative Officer maydesignate

another person or persons to perform the duties during periods of his or her temporary

absence or in an emergency.” (Emphasis added.) 20 Ill. Adm. Code 504.805 (2011).

¶ 32 Section 504.850 of the Administrative Code, which pertains, in part, to an inmate’s

appeal of his grievance, states as follows:

“The Director shall review the findings and recommendations of the Board and make

a final determination of the grievance within 6 months after receipt of the appealed

grievance, where reasonably feasible under the circumstances. The offender shall be sent

a copy of the Director’s decision.” 20 Ill. Adm. Code 504.850(f) (2011).

¶ 33 In support of his contention, Dupree relies on an April 2009 affidavit byTerry Anderson,

DOC’s chairperson for the Office of Inmate Issues, in which she states, in part, the following:

“Walker does not receive, review, or respond to inmate correspondences or grievance

appeals. Instead, *** Walker’s signature is affixed to responsesto inmate correspondence

and grievance appeals by various members of the [Administrative Review Board],

including myself, who have the authority to review and sign on [Walker’s] behalf as

administrative designees.”

¶ 34 Despite Dupree’s reliance, Anderson’s affidavit does not support his argument but,

instead, merely advises him of what the preceding sections of the Administrative Code

expressly allow–that is, that Walker can delegate the review of an inmate’s grievance appeal

because he is not required to personally review such appeals. Thus, we reject Dupree’s

contention that he stated a cause of action for mandamus relief in this regard.

¶ 35 d. Dupree’s Property Claim

¶ 36 Dupree also contends that he stated a cause of action for mandamus relief by asserting

that defendants acted unlawfully when they failed to return his confiscated “legal and

personal property” after Dupree had the relevant IDR expunged from his record. We

disagree.

¶ 37 In support of his contention, Dupree appended an April 2009 Adjustment Committee

Final Summary Report, which expunged an August 2008 IDR that documented Dupree’s

possession of “Contraband/Unauthorized Property.” The IDR was expunged because the

adjustment committee failed to complywith the following provisions of section 504.80(h)(5)

of title 20 of the Administrative Code:

“At least one person who serves as an Adjustment Committee member shall hear the

in-person testimony of the offender’s witnesses where the offender makes a timely

request for the witnesses or is granted a continuance to request witness testimony. Inperson testimony of the offender’s witnesses shall be defined as face-to-face contact or

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telephonic contact by the Adjustment Committee.” 20 Ill. Adm. Code 504.80(h)(5)

(2011).

¶ 38 Despite his claim, Dupree did not allege material facts relating to the “legal and personal

property” at issue, nor the circumstances under which defendants purportedly confiscated

that property. Given that prison officials may establish regulations regarding the property

inmates can retain in their cells (see Ashley, 316 Ill. App. 3d at 1256, 739 N.E.2d at 901

(“[P]rison officials may–as a condition of confinement–establish rules and regulations that

limit the type and quantity of personal property that an inmate may keep in his prison cell,

and such rules and regulations do not infringe upon the inmate’s constitutional rights.”)),

Dupree has failed to set forth every material fact required to demonstrate that (1) he has a

clear right to the relief requested, (2) a clear duty on the part of defendants to act, and (3)

clear authority existed on the part of defendants to comply with an order granting mandamus

relief. We thus conclude that Dupree failed to state a cause of action in this regard.

¶ 39 In so concluding, we also reject Dupree’s claim that he was entitled to recover $527 in

damages for his lost, stolen, and confiscated property. See Behl v. Duffin, 406 Ill. App. 3d

1084, 1092 (2010) (quoting Hatch v. Szymanski, 325 Ill. App. 3d 736, 741, 759 N.E.2d 585,

590 (2001) (“ ‘[i]n a mandamus proceeding, damages are not allowed unless the trial court

issues the writ’ ”)).

¶ 40 B. The Trial Court’s Imposition of

Filing Fees and Court Costs

¶ 41 Dupree next argues that the trial court erred by ordering him to pay filing fees and court

costs associated with his petition for writ of mandamus. In particular, Dupree claims that the

court’s finding that his petition for writ of mandamus was frivolous because it lacked an

arguable basis in either the law or fact was “plain error.” We disagree.

¶ 42 Section 22-105(a) of the Civil Code provides, in part, the following:

“(a) If a prisoner confined in an Illinois Department of Corrections facility files a

pleading, motion, or other filing which purports to be a legal document in a case seeking

*** action *** against *** the Illinois Department of Corrections, or the Prisoner

Review Board, or against any of their officers or employees and the Court makes a

specific finding that the pleading, motion, or other filing which purports to be a legal

document filed by the prisoner is frivolous, the prisoner is responsible for the full

payment of filing fees and actual court costs.” 735 ILCS 5/22-105(a) (West 2008).

¶ 43 Because we have previously determined that the trial court did not err by dismissing

Dupree’s mandamus petition for failing to state a cause of action and similarly conclude that,

based on that analysis, Dupree’s contentions were frivolous, we also reject Dupree’s claim

that the court erred by imposing filing fees and court costs.

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¶ 44 C. The Trial Court’s Dismissal of Dupree’s

Request for a Declaratory Judgment

¶ 45 Dupree also argues that the trial court erred by denying his request for a declaratory

judgment. We disagree.

¶ 46 A plaintiff is not entitled to declaratory relief unless (1) one party has a tangible interest,

(2) the opposing party has an adverse interest, and (3) an actual controversy exists over the

interest. Beahringer v. Roberts, 334 Ill. App. 3d 622, 626, 776 N.E.2d 247, 252 (2002). A

plaintiff is entitled to injunctive relief if he establishes by a preponderance of the evidence

that (1) he possesses a certain and clearly ascertainable right that needs protection, (2) he

would suffer irreparable injury without protection of the injunction, (3) there is no adequate

remedy at law for the injury, and (4) he is likely to prevail on the merits. Beahringer, 334 Ill.

App. 3d at 626-27, 776 N.E.2d at 252.

¶ 47 In his October 2009 motion to supplement relief, Dupree’s request for a declaratory

judgment was comprised solely of the following sentence: “Issue an order/declaratory relief

stating that the unlawful confiscation of my legal property [was] unconstitutional [and] a

legal [hindrance].” However, as with his property claim contained within his petition for writ

of mandamus, Dupree failed to establish that he was entitled to injunctive relief. Thus, the

trial court properly denied Dupree’s request for failure to state a cause of action for

declaratory relief.

¶ 48 D. Dupree’s Remaining Claims

¶ 49 Dupree next argues that the trial court abused its discretion by (1) failing to appoint

counsel to represent him and (2) failing to enter default judgment against defendants.

¶ 50 1. The Standard of Review

¶ 51 A trial court’s determination concerning whether to (1) appoint counsel and (2) grant or

deny a motion for default judgment, will not be disturbed absent an abuse of the court’s

discretion. See Doherty v. Caisley, 104 Ill. 2d 72, 78, 470 N.E.2d 319, 322 (1984) (trial court

does not have duty to but may, in its discretion, appoint the public defender to represent an

inmate in civil matters concerning confinement); Jackson v. Bailey, 384 Ill. App. 3d 546,

548, 893 N.E.2d 280, 283 (2008) (“[w]hether to grant or deny a motion for [default

judgment] is within the sound discretion of the trial court, and will not be reversed absent an

abuse of discretion or a denial of substantial justice”). A trial court abuses its discretion

“when it acts arbitrarilywithout the employment of conscientious judgment or if its decision

exceeds the bounds of reason and ignores principles of law such that substantial prejudice

has resulted.” Mann v. Upjohn Co., 324 Ill. App. 3d 367, 377, 753 N.E.2d 452, 461 (2001)

(citing Marren Builders, Inc. v. Lampert, 307 Ill. App. 3d 937, 941, 719 N.E.2d 117, 121

(1999)).

¶ 52 2. Dupree’s Appointment-of-Counsel Claim

¶ 53 Dupree contends that the trial court abused its discretion by failing to appoint counsel to

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represent him. We disagree.

¶ 54 As previously stated, mandamus is a civil remedy and as such, “[a] court has no duty to

appoint counsel in a civil action.” Brewer v. Peters, 262 Ill. App. 3d 610, 613, 633 N.E.2d

17, 19 (1994). Consequently, it is well established that an inmate does not have a

constitutional right to the appointment of counsel in mandamus cases. Doherty, 104 Ill. 2d

at 76, 470 N.E.2d at 321. Thus, we reject Dupree’s claim that the trial court abused its

discretion by not appointing counsel to represent him.

¶ 55 3. Dupree’s Default-Judgment Claim

¶ 56 Dupree also contends that the trial court abused its discretion by failing to enter default

judgment against defendants. We disagree.

¶ 57 A trial court may enter a judgment by default “for want of an appearance, or for failure

to plead, but the court may in either case, require proof of the allegations of the pleadings

upon which relief is sought.” 735 ILCS 5/2-1301(d) (West 2008). Although the court may

enter a default judgment for want of an appearance, a default judgment is a drastic measure,

not to be encouraged and to be employed only as a last resort. Rockford Housing Authority

v. Donahue, 337 Ill. App. 3d 571, 573-74, 786 N.E.2d 227, 229 (2003). A trial court should

deny a motion for default judgment when it results in the denial of substantial justice.

Donahue, 337 Ill. App. 3d at 574, 786 N.E.2d at 229.

¶ 58 In this case, Dupree claims that he was denied substantial justice. In particular, Dupree

claims that he was prejudiced by the trial court’s failure to grant his August 2009 and January

2010 motions for default judgment because defendants were “given a second bite at the

apple” and, as a result, his mandamus claims were later denied in violation of section 2-

1301(d) of the Civil Code.

¶ 59 Here, the record shows that defendant initially complied with the trial court’s August

2009 order by filing an October 2009 motion to dismiss on Walker’s behalf prior to the

court’s November 2009 review hearing. The record also shows that shortly after discovering

a clerical error that showed Hardy and Mathy had been served with Dupree’s petition, the

Attorney General quickly requested leave to add them as parties, alleging the same defect in

their motion to dismiss as Walker alleged in his motion. Thus, contrary to Dupree’s claim,

the record does not show that defendants’ actions prejudiced him. More important, given that

Illinois public policy prefers to decide legal issues on their merits, we reject Dupree’s claim

that the court abused its discretion by denying his motions for default judgment. See Midwest

Builder Distributing, Inc. v. Lord & Essex, Inc., 383 Ill. App. 3d 645, 665, 891 N.E.2d 1, 22

(2007) (Illinois public policy prefers to decide cases on their merits instead of dismissing

them purely on procedural grounds.).

¶ 60 III. CONCLUSION

¶ 61 For the reasons stated, we affirm the trial court’s judgment.

¶ 62 Affirmed.

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