NOT PRECEDENTIAL
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT

________ No. 11

- 3425

_________ WILLIAM J. DONOHUE, Appellant

v. JEFFREY RINE ER; GEORGE CRONIN

________ On Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania (D.C. No. 1

- 10

- cv - 01324 ) District Judge: Honorable A. Richard Caputo

_______ Submitted Under Third Circuit LAR 34.1(a) June 25, 2012 Before: SLOVITER, CHAGARES, and JORDAN , Circuit Judges

(Filed : June 26, 2012 )

______ OPINION

______2 S LOVITER, Circuit Judge

. William Donohue was acquitted of murder and conspiracy charges in connection with the death of his mother, Bernadette Lieben. Donohue later filed suit under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, alleging that investigating officers Jeffrey Rineer and George Cronin maliciously prosecuted him in violation of the Fourth Amendment. 1 The District Court granted summary judgment in favor of Rineer and Cronin, holding that (1) Donohue failed to show a la ck of probable cause to initiate a criminal proceeding against him , and (2) Donohue introduced no evidence that Rineer and Cronin “acted maliciously or with an intent other than to bring the plaintiff to justice.” App. at 23. Donohue timely appealed. 2 Donohue argues that the District Court erred by concluding that there was probable cause to initi ate his criminal proceedings. However, as Appellees correctly highlight, we need not reach this issue because the District Court’s decision rests on an altern ative ground. “To prove malicious prosecution under Section 1983, a plaintiff must show that: (1) the defendants initiated a criminal proceeding; (2) the criminal proceeding ended in plaintiff’s favor; (3) the proceeding was initiated without probable cau se; (4) the defendants acted maliciously or for a purpose other than bringing the plaintiff to justice; and (5) the plaintiff suffered deprivation of liberty consistent with the concept of seizure

1 Rineer and Cronin filed a criminal complaint against Donohue, cha rging him with first and third degree murder and conspiracy to commit murder. The officers applied to a magistrate for an arrest warrant and supported their application with an affidavit of probable cause.

2 The District Court had jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331 and 1343. We have jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291.3 as a consequence of a legal proceeding.” Estate of Smith v . Marasco , 318 F.3d 497, 521 (3d Cir . 2003). Here, Donohue does not challenge the District Court’s holding that he failed to produce any evidence suggesting that Appellees acted maliciously, thus waiving the issue. 3

3 Donohue incorrectly states in his opening brief that the District Court “focused exclusively on the proba ble cause element.” Appellant’s Br. at 11. However, the Court relied on elements three (probable cause) and four (malicious intent) as independent reasons to dismiss Donohue’s Section 1983 claim. Donohue failed to file a reply brief with this court addressing the waiver issue. See United States v. Pelullo , 399 F.3d 197, 222 (3d Cir. 2005) (“It is well settled that an appellant’s failure to identify or argue an issue in his opening brief constitutes waiver of that issue on appeal.”); Kauthar SDN BHD v. Sternberg , 149 F.3d 659, 668 (7th Cir. 1998) (“[I]n situations in which there is one or more alternative holdings on an issue, . . . failure to address one of the holdings results in a waiver of any claim of error with respect to the co urt’s decision on that issue.”) , abrogated on other grounds by Morrison v. Nat’l Aust r a lia Bank Ltd. , 130 S. Ct. 2869 (2010). Because the lack of evidence showing malicious intent is an adequate and independent ground for the District Court’s judgment, we will affirm.