MEMORANDUM

DATE: August 14, 2015

SUBJECT: Redline Version of Subpart RRR showing the Differences

from the Original 2000 Subpart RRR and the 2015 

Amended Rule

TO: Rochelle Boyd, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

The purpose of this memorandum is to present a redline version 

of subpart RRR, Secondary Aluminum Production NESHAP, that shows 

the changes that have been made in the 2000 original rule by the 

2015 final amendments.
2

GENERAL

§63.1500 Applicability.

(a) The requirements of this subpart apply to the owner or 

operator of each secondary aluminum production facility as 

defined in §63.1503. 

(b) The requirements of this subpart apply to the following 

affected sources, located at a secondary aluminum production 

facility that is a major source of hazardous air pollutants 

(HAPs) as defined in §63.2: 

(1) Each new and existing aluminum scrap shredder; 

(2) Each new and existing thermal chip dryer; 

(3) Each new and existing scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln; 

(4) Each new and existing group 2 furnace; 

(5) Each new and existing sweat furnace; 

(6) Each new and existing dross-only furnace; 

(7) Each new and existing rotary dross cooler; and 

(8) Each new and existing secondary aluminum processing 

unit. 

(c) The requirements of this subpart pertaining to dioxin 

and furan (D/F) emissions and associated operating, monitoring, 

reporting and recordkeeping requirements apply to the following 

affected sources, located at a secondary aluminum production 

facility that is an area source of HAPs as defined in §63.2: 
3

(1) Each new and existing thermal chip dryer; 

(2) Each new and existing scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln; 

(3) Each new and existing sweat furnace; 

(4) Each new and existing secondary aluminum processing 

unit, containing one or more group 1 furnace emission units 

processing other than clean charge. 

(d) The requirements of this subpart do not apply to 

facilities and equipment used for research and development that 

are not used to produce a saleable product. 

(e) If you are an owner or operator of an area source 

subject to this subpart, you are exempt from the obligation to 

obtain a permit under 40 CFR part 70 or 71, provided you are not 

required to obtain a permit under 40 CFR 70.3(a) or 71.3(a) for 

a reason other than your status as an area source under this 

subpart. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, you must 

continue to comply with the provisions of this subpart 

applicable to area sources. 

(f) An aluminum die casting facility, aluminum foundry, or 

aluminum extrusion facility shall be considered to be an area 

source if it does not emit, or have the potential to emit 

considering controls, 10 tons per year or more of any single 

listed HAP or 25 tons per year of any combination of listed HAP 

from all emission sources which are located in a contiguous area 
4

and under common control, without regard to whether or not such 

sources are regulated under this subpart or any other subpart. 

In the case of an aluminum die casting facility, aluminum 

foundry, or aluminum extrusion facility which is an area source 

and is subject to regulation under this subpart only because it 

operates a thermal chip dryer, no furnace operated by such a 

facility shall be deemed to be subject to the requirements of 

this subpart if it melts only clean charge, internal scrap, or 

customer returns.

§63.1501 Dates.

(a) An affected source constructed before February 11, 

1999, must comply with the requirements of this subpart by March 

24, 2003, except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c).

(b) The owner or operator of an affected source constructed 

before February 14, 2012, must comply with the following 

requirements of this subpart by [insert date 180 days after 

publication in the federal register]: § 63.1505 (k) introductory 

text, (k)(1) through (k)(5), other than the emission standards 

for HF in (k)(2); § 63.1506 (a)(1), (c)(1), (g)(5), (k)(3), 

(m)(4), (m)(7), (n)(1); § 63.1510(b)(5), (b)(9), (d)(2), 

(d)(3),(f)(1)(ii), (i)(4), (j)(4), (n)(1), (o)(1), (o)(1)(ii), 

(s)(2)(iv), (t) introductory text, (t)(2)(i), (t)(2)(ii), 

(t)(4), (t)(5); § 63.1511(a) introductory text, (b) introductory 

text, (b)(1), (b)(3), (b)(6), (c)(9), (g)(5); § 63.1512(e)(1), 
5

(e)(2), (e)(3), (h)(2), (j), (j)(1)(i), (j)(2)(i), (o) 

introductory text, (o)(1), (o)(3), (p)(2); § 63.1513(b)(1),

(e)(1), (e)(2), (e)(3), (f); § 63.1516 (b) introductory text, 

(b)(2)(vii), (b)(3)(i); § 63.1517(b)(1)(iii), (b)(4)(ii), 

(b)(14), (b)(19).

(c) The owner or operator of an affected source 

constructed before February 14, 2012, must comply with the 

following requirements of this subpart by [INSERT DATE 2 YEARS 

AFTER PUBLICATION IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER]: § 63.1505(i)(4) and 

(k)(2) emission standards for HF; § 63.1512(e)(4) through (7) 

requirements for testing existing uncontrolled group 1 furnaces 

(that is, group 1 furnaces without add-on air pollution control 

devices); and § 63.1514 requirements for change of furnace 

classification.

(d) An affected source that commenced construction or 

reconstruction after February 11, 1999 but before February 14, 

2012 must comply with the requirements of this subpart by March 

24, 2000 or upon startup, whichever is later, except as provided 

in paragraphs (b), (c), (e) and (f) of this section.

(e) The owner or operator of an affected source that 

commences construction or reconstruction after February 14, 

2012, must comply with all the requirements of this subpart by 

[insert date of publication in the federal register] or upon 

startup, whichever is later.
6

(f) The owner or operator of any affected source which is 

constructed or reconstructed after February 11, 1999, but before 

February 14, 2012, at any existing aluminum die casting 

facility, aluminum foundry, or aluminum extrusion facility which 

otherwise meets the applicability criteria set forth in §63.1500 

must comply with the requirements of this subpart by March 24, 

2003 or upon startup, whichever is later, except as provided in 

paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section. The owner or operator of 

any affected source which is constructed or reconstructed after 

February 14, 2012, at any existing aluminum die casting 

facility, aluminum foundry, or aluminum extrusion facility which 

otherwise meets the applicability criteria set forth in §63.1500 

must comply with the requirements by [insert date of publication 

in the federal register] or upon startup, whichever is later.

§63.1502 [Reserved]

§63.1503 Definitions.

Terms used in this subpart are defined in the Clean Air Act 

as amended (CAA), in §63.2, or in this section as follows: 

ACGIH Guidelines means chapters 3 and 5 of Industrial 

Ventilation: A Manual of Recommended Practice 23rd edition or 

appropriate chapters of Industrial Ventilation: A Manual of 

Recommended Practice for Design 27th edition (incorporated by 

reference, see § 63.14).
7

Add-on air pollution control device means equipment 

installed on a process vent that reduces the quantity of a 

pollutant that is emitted to the air. 

Afterburner means an air pollution control device that uses 

controlled flame combustion to convert combustible materials to 

noncombustible gases; also known as an incinerator or a thermal 

oxidizer. 

Aluminum scrap means fragments of aluminum stock removed 

during manufacturing (i.e., machining), manufactured aluminum 

articles or parts rejected or discarded and useful only as 

material for reprocessing, and waste and discarded material made 

of aluminum.

Aluminum scrap shredder means a a high speed or low speed

unit that crushes, grinds, granulates, shears or breaks aluminum 

scrap into a more uniform size prior to processing or charging 

to a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln, or furnace. A 

bale breaker is not an aluminum scrap shredder. Shearing and 

cutting operations performed at rolling mills and aluminum 

finishing operations (such as slitters) are not aluminum scrap 

shredders.

Bag leak detection system means an instrument that is 

capable of monitoring particulate matter loadings in the exhaust 

of a fabric filter (i.e., baghouse) in order to detect bag 

failures. A bag leak detection system includes, but is not 
8

limited to, an instrument that operates on triboelectric, light 

scattering, light transmittance, or other effect to monitor 

relative particulate matter loadings. 

Bale breaker means a device used to break apart a bale of 

aluminum scrap for further processing. Bale breakers are not 

used to crush, grind, granulate, shear or break aluminum scrap 

into more uniform size pieces.

Capture and collection system means the system, including 

duct systems and fans, and, in some cases, hoods, used to 

collect a contaminant at or near its source, and for affected 

sources equipped with an air pollution control device, transport 

the contaminated air to the air cleaning device.

Chips means small, uniformly-sized, unpainted pieces of 

aluminum scrap, typically below 11⁄4 inches in any dimension, 

primarily generated by turning, milling, boring, and machining 

of aluminum parts. 

Clean charge means furnace charge materials, including 

molten aluminum; T-bar; sow; ingot; billet; pig; alloying 

elements; aluminum scrap known by the owner or operator to be 

entirely free of paints, coatings, and lubricants; 

uncoated/unpainted aluminum chips that have been thermally dried 

or treated by a centrifugal cleaner; aluminum scrap dried at 343 

°C (650 °F) or higher; aluminum scrap delacquered/decoated at 

482 °C (900 °F) or higher; and runaround scrap. Anodized 
9

aluminum that contains dyes or sealants containing organic 

compounds is not clean charge.

Cover flux means salt added to the surface of molten 

aluminum in a group 1 or group 2 furnace, without surface

agitation of the molten aluminum, for the purpose of preventing 

oxidation. Any flux added to a rotary furnace is not a cover 

flux.

Customer returns means any aluminum product which is 

returned by a customer to the aluminum company that originally 

manufactured the product prior to resale of the product or 

further distribution in commerce, and which contains no paint or 

other solid coatings (i.e., lacquers).

D/F means dioxins and furans. 

Dioxins and furans means tetra-, penta-, hexa-, and 

octachlorinated dibenzo dioxins and furans. 

Dross means the slags and skimmings from aluminum melting 

and refining operations consisting of fluxing agent(s), 

impurities, and/or oxidized and non-oxidized aluminum, from 

scrap aluminum charged into the furnace. 

Dross-only furnace means a furnace, typically of rotary 

barrel design, dedicated to the reclamation of aluminum from 

dross formed during melting, holding, fluxing, or alloying 

operations carried out in other process units. Dross and salt 

flux are the sole feedstocks to this type of furnace. 
10

Emission unit means a group 1 furnace or in-line fluxer at 

a secondary aluminum production facility. 

Fabric filter means an add-on air pollution control device 

used to capture particulate matter by filtering gas streams 

through filter media; also known as a baghouse. 

Feed/charge means, for a furnace or other process unit that 

operates in batch mode, the total weight of material (including 

molten aluminum, T-bar, sow, ingot, etc.) and alloying agents 

that enter the furnace during an operating cycle. For a furnace 

or other process unit that operates continuously, feed/charge 

means the weight of material (including molten aluminum, T-bar, 

sow, ingot, etc.) and alloying agents that enter the process 

unit within a specified time period (e.g., a time period equal 

to the performance test period). The feed/charge for a dross 

only furnace includes the total weight of dross and solid flux. 

Fluxing means refining of molten aluminum to improve 

product quality, achieve product specifications, or reduce 

material loss, including the addition of solvents to remove 

impurities (solvent flux); and the injection of gases such as 

chlorine, or chlorine mixtures, to remove magnesium (demagging) 

or hydrogen bubbles (degassing). Fluxing may be performed in the 

furnace or outside the furnace by an in-line fluxer. 

Furnace hearth means the combustion zone of a furnace in 

which the molten metal is contained. 
11

Group 1 furnace means a furnace of any design that melts, 

holds, or processes aluminum that contains paint, lubricants, 

coatings, or other foreign materials with or without reactive 

fluxing, or processes clean charge with reactive fluxing.

Group 2 furnace means a furnace of any design that melts, 

holds, or processes only clean charge and that performs no 

fluxing or performs fluxing using only nonreactive, non-HAPcontaining/non-HAP-generating gases or agents. Unheated pots, to 

which no flux is added and that are used to transport metal, are 

not furnaces.

HCl means hydrogen chloride. 

HF means hydrogen fluoride.

In-line fluxer means a device exterior to a furnace, 

located in a transfer line from a furnace, used to refine (flux) 

molten aluminum; also known as a flux box, degassing box, or 

demagging box. 

Internal scrap means all aluminum scrap regardless of the 

level of contamination which originates from castings or 

extrusions produced by an aluminum die casting facility, 

aluminum foundry, or aluminum extrusion facility, and which 

remains at all times within the control of the company that 

produced the castings or extrusions.

Lime means calcium oxide or other alkaline reagent. 
12

Lime-injection means the continuous addition of lime 

upstream of a fabric filter. 

Melting/holding furnace means a group 1 furnace that 

processes only clean charge, performs melting, holding, and 

fluxing functions, and does not transfer molten aluminum to or 

from another furnace except for purposes of alloy changes, offspecification product drains, or maintenance activities.

Operating cycle means for a batch process, the period 

beginning when the feed material is first charged to the 

operation and ending when all feed material charged to the 

operation has been processed. For a batch melting or holding 

furnace process, operating cycle means the period including the 

charging and melting of scrap aluminum and the fluxing, 

refining, alloying, and tapping of molten aluminum (the period 

from tap-to-tap). 

PM means, for the purposes of this subpart, emissions of 

particulate matter that serve as a measure of total particulate 

emissions and as a surrogate for metal HAPs contained in the 

particulates, including but not limited to, antimony, arsenic, 

beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, lead, manganese, mercury, 

nickel, and selenium. 

Pollution prevention means source reduction as defined 

under the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 (e.g., equipment or 

technology modifications, process or procedure modifications, 
13

reformulation or redesign of products, substitution of raw 

materials, and improvements in housekeeping, maintenance, 

training, or inventory control), and other practices that reduce 

or eliminate the creation of pollutants through increased 

efficiency in the use of raw materials, energy, water, or other 

resources, or protection of natural resources by conservation. 

Reactive fluxing means the use of any gas, liquid, or solid 

flux (other than cover flux) that results in a HAP emission. 

Argon and nitrogen are not reactive and do not produce HAP.

Reconstruction means the replacement of components of an 

affected source or emission unit such that the fixed capital 

cost of the new components exceeds 50 percent of the fixed 

capital cost that would be required to construct a comparable 

new affected source, and it is technologically and economically 

feasible for the reconstructed source to meet relevant 

standard(s) established in this subpart. Replacement of the 

refractory in a furnace is routine maintenance and is not a 

reconstruction. The repair and replacement of in-line fluxer 

components (e.g., rotors/shafts, burner tubes, refractory, 

warped steel) is considered to be routine maintenance and is not 

considered a reconstruction. In-line fluxers are typically 

removed to a maintenance/repair area and are replaced with 

repaired units. The replacement of an existing in-line fluxer 

with a repaired unit is not considered a reconstruction. 
14

Residence time means, for an afterburner, the duration of 

time required for gases to pass through the afterburner 

combustion zone. Residence time is calculated by dividing the 

afterburner combustion zone volume in cubic feet by the 

volumetric flow rate of the gas stream in actual cubic feet per 

second. The combustion zone volume includes the reaction chamber 

of the afterburner in which the waste gas stream is exposed to 

the direct combustion flame and the complete refractory lined 

portion of the furnace stack up to the measurement thermocouple.

Rotary dross cooler means a water-cooled rotary barrel 

device that accelerates cooling of dross.

Round top furnace means a cylindrically-shaped 

reverberatory furnace that has a top that is removed for 

charging and other furnace operations.

Runaround scrap means scrap materials generated on-site by 

aluminum casting, extruding, rolling, scalping, forging, 

forming/stamping, cutting, and trimming operations and that do 

not contain paint or solid coatings. Uncoated/unpainted aluminum 

chips generated by turning, boring, milling, and similar 

machining operations may be clean charge if they have been 

thermally dried or treated by a centrifugal cleaner, but are not 

considered to be runaround scrap.

Scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln means a unit 

used primarily to remove various organic contaminants such as 
15

oil, paint, lacquer, ink, plastic, and/or rubber from aluminum 

scrap (including used beverage containers) prior to melting, or 

that separates aluminum foil from paper and plastic in scrap.

Secondary aluminum processing unit (SAPU). An existing SAPU 

means all existing group 1 furnaces and all existing in-line 

fluxers within a secondary aluminum production facility. Each 

existing group 1 furnace or existing in-line fluxer is 

considered an emission unit within a secondary aluminum 

processing unit. A new SAPU means any combination of individual 

group 1 furnaces and in-line fluxers within a secondary aluminum 

processing facility which either were constructed or 

reconstructed after February 11, 1999, or have been permanently 

redesignated as new emission units pursuant to §63.1505(k)(6). 

Each of the group 1 furnaces or in-line fluxers within a new 

SAPU is considered an emission unit within that secondary 

aluminum processing unit. A secondary aluminum production 

facility may have more than one new SAPU.

Secondary aluminum production facility means any 

establishment using clean charge, aluminum scrap, or dross from 

aluminum production, as the raw material and performing one or 

more of the following processes: scrap shredding, scrap 

drying/delacquering/decoating, thermal chip drying, furnace 

operations (i.e., melting, holding, sweating, refining, fluxing, 

or alloying), recovery of aluminum from dross, in-line fluxing, 
16

or dross cooling. A secondary aluminum production facility may 

be independent or part of a primary aluminum production 

facility. For purposes of this subpart, aluminum die casting 

facilities, aluminum foundries, and aluminum extrusion 

facilities are not considered to be secondary aluminum 

production facilities if the only materials they melt are clean 

charge, customer returns, or internal scrap, and if they do not 

operate sweat furnaces, thermal chip dryers, or scrap 

dryers/delacquering kilns/decoating kilns. The determination of 

whether a facility is a secondary aluminum production facility 

is only for purposes of this subpart and any regulatory 

requirements which are derived from the applicability of this 

subpart, and is separate from any determination which may be 

made under other environmental laws and regulations, including 

whether the same facility is a “secondary metal production 

facility” as that term is used in 42 U.S.C. §7479(1) and 40 CFR 

52.21(b)(1)(i)(A) (“prevention of significant deterioration of 

air quality”). 

Shutdown means the period of operation for thermal chip 

dryers, scrap dryers/delacquering kilns, decoating kilns, drossonly furnaces, group 1 furnaces, in-line fluxers, sweat furnaces 

and group 2 furnaces that begins when the introduction of 

feed/charge is intentionally halted, the source of heat to the 

emissions unit is turned off, and product has been removed from 
17

the emission unit to the greatest extent practicable (e.g., by 

tapping a furnace). Shutdown ends when the emission unit is near 

ambient temperature.

Sidewell means an open well adjacent to the hearth of a 

furnace with connecting arches between the hearth and the open 

well through which molten aluminum is circulated between the 

hearth, where heat is applied by burners, and the open well, 

which is used for charging scrap and solid flux or salt to the 

furnace, injecting fluxing agents, and skimming dross. 

Startup means the period of operation for thermal chip 

dryers, scrap dryers/delacquering kilns, decoating kilns, drossonly furnaces, group 1 furnaces, in-line fluxers, sweat furnaces 

and group 2 furnaces that begins with equipment warming from a 

shutdown, that is, the equipment is at or near ambient 

temperature. Startup ends at the point that flux or feed/charge 

is introduced.

Sweat furnace means a furnace used exclusively to reclaim 

aluminum from scrap that contains substantial quantities of iron 

by using heat to separate the low-melting point aluminum from 

the scrap while the higher melting-point iron remains in solid 

form. 

Tap means the end of an operating cycle of any individual 

furnace when processed molten aluminum is poured from that 

furnace.
18

TEQ means the international method of expressing toxicity 

equivalents for dioxins and furans as defined in “Interim 

Procedures for Estimating Risks Associated with Exposures to 

Mixtures of Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and -Dibenzofurans 

(CDDs and CDFs) and 1989 Update” (EPA-625/3-89-016), available 

from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 

Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161, NTIS no. PB 90-

145756. 

THC means, for the purposes of this subpart, total 

hydrocarbon emissions that also serve as a surrogate for the 

emissions of organic HAP compounds. 

Thermal chip dryer means a device that uses heat to 

evaporate oil or oil/water mixtures from unpainted/uncoated 

aluminum chips. Pre-heating boxes or other dryers which are used 

solely to remove water from aluminum scrap are not considered to 

be thermal chip dryers for purposes of this subpart.

Three-day, 24-hour rolling average means daily calculations 

of the average 24-hour emission rate (lbs/ton of feed/charge), 

over the 3 most recent consecutive 24-hour periods, for a 

secondary aluminum processing unit.

Total reactive chlorine flux injection rate means the sum 

of the total weight of chlorine in the gaseous or liquid 

reactive flux and the total weight of chlorine in the solid 
19

reactive chloride flux, divided by the total weight of 

feed/charge, as determined by the procedure in §63.1512(o). 

Total reactive fluorine flux injection rate means the sum 

of the total weight of fluorine in the gaseous or liquid 

reactive flux added to an uncontrolled group 1 furnace, and the 

total weight of fluorine in the solid reactive flux added to an 

uncontrolled group 1 furnace, divided by the total weight of 

feed/charge, as determined by the procedure in 40 

CFR 63.1512(o).

§63.1504 [Reserved]

Emission Standards and Operating Requirements

§63.1505 Emission standards for affected sources and emission 

units.

(a) Summary. The owner or operator of a new or existing 

affected source must comply at all times with each applicable 

limit in this section, including periods of startup and 

shutdown. Table 1 to this subpart summarizes the emission 

standards for each type of source. 

(b) Aluminum scrap shredder. On and after the compliance 

date established by §63.1501, the owner or operator of an 

aluminum scrap shredder at a secondary aluminum production 

facility that is a major source must not discharge or cause to 

be discharged to the atmosphere:
20

(1) Emissions in excess of 0.023 grams (g) of PM per dry 

standard cubic meter (dscm) (0.010 grain (gr) of PM per dry 

standard cubic foot (dscf)); and 

(2) Visible emissions (VE) in excess of 10 percent opacity 

from any PM add-on air pollution control device if a continuous

opacity monitor (COM) or visible emissions monitoring is chosen 

as the monitoring option. 

(c) Thermal chip dryer. On and after the compliance date 

established by §63.1501, the owner or operator of a thermal chip 

dryer must not discharge or cause to be discharged to the 

atmosphere emissions in excess of: 

(1) 0.40 kilogram (kg) of THC, as propane, per megagram 

(Mg) (0.80 lb of THC, as propane, per ton) of feed/charge from a 

thermal chip dryer at a secondary aluminum production facility 

that is a major source; and 

(2) 2.50 micrograms (μg) of D/F TEQ per Mg (3.5 × 10−5 gr 

per ton) of feed/charge from a thermal chip dryer at a secondary 

aluminum production facility that is a major or area source. 

(d) Scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln. On and 

after the compliance date established by §63.1501:

(1) The owner or operator of a scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln must not discharge or cause to be discharged 

to the atmosphere emissions in excess of: 
21

(i) 0.03 kg of THC, as propane, per Mg (0.06 lb of THC, as 

propane, per ton) of feed/charge from a scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln at a secondary aluminum production facility 

that is a major source; 

(ii) 0.04 kg of PM per Mg (0.08 lb per ton) of feed/charge 

from a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln at a 

secondary aluminum production facility that is a major source; 

(iii) 0.25 μg of D/F TEQ per Mg (3.5 × 10−6 gr of D/F TEQ 

per ton) of feed/charge from a scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln at a secondary aluminum production facility 

that is a major or area source; and 

(iv) 0.40 kg of HCl per Mg (0.80 lb per ton) of feed/charge 

from a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln at a 

secondary aluminum production facility that is a major source. 

(2) The owner or operator of a scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln at a secondary aluminum production facility 

that is a major source must not discharge or cause to be 

discharged to the atmosphere visible emissions in excess of 10 

percent opacity from any PM add-on air pollution control device 

if a COM is chosen as the monitoring option. 

(e) Scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln: 

alternative limits. The owner or operator of a scrap dryer/ 

delacquering kiln/decoating kiln may choose to comply with the 

emission limits in this paragraph (e) as an alternative to the 
22

limits in paragraph (d) of this section if the scrap 

dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln is equipped with an 

afterburner having a design residence time of at least 1 second 

and the afterburner is operated at a temperature of at least 760 

°C (1400 °F) at all times. On and after the compliance date 

established by §63.1501: 

(1) The owner or operator of a scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln must not discharge or cause to be discharged 

to the atmosphere emissions in excess of: 

(i) 0.10 kg of THC, as propane, per Mg (0.20 lb of THC, as 

propane, per ton) of feed/charge from a scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln at a secondary aluminum production facility 

that is a major source; 

(ii) 0.15 kg of PM per Mg (0.30 lb per ton) of feed/charge 

from a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln at a 

secondary aluminum production facility that is a major source; 

(iii) 5.0 μg of D/F TEQ per Mg (7.0 × 10−5 gr of D/F TEQ 

per ton) of feed/charge from a scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln at a secondary aluminum production facility 

that is a major or area source; and 

(iv) 0.75 kg of HCl per Mg (1.50 lb per ton) of feed/charge 

from a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln at a 

secondary aluminum production facility that is a major source. 
23

(2) The owner or operator of a scrap dryer/ delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln at a secondary aluminum production facility 

that is a major source must not discharge or cause to be 

discharged to the atmosphere visible emissions in excess of 10 

percent opacity from any PM add-on air pollution control device 

if a COM is chosen as the monitoring option. 

(f) Sweat furnace. The owner or operator of a sweat furnace 

shall comply with the emission standard of paragraph (f)(2) of 

this section. 

(1) The owner or operator is not required to conduct a 

performance test to demonstrate compliance with the emission 

standard of paragraph (f)(2) of this section, provided that, on 

and after the compliance date of this rule, the owner or 

operator operates and maintains an afterburner with a design 

residence time of 0.8 seconds or greater and an operating 

temperature of 1600 °F or greater.

(2) On and after the compliance date established by 

§63.1501, the owner or operator of a sweat furnace at a 

secondary aluminum production facility that is a major or area 

source must not discharge or cause to be discharged to the 

atmosphere emissions in excess of 0.80 nanogram (ng) of D/F TEQ 

per dscm (3.5×10−10 gr per dscf) at 11 percent oxygen (O2).

(g) Dross-only furnace. On and after the compliance date 

established by §63.1501, the owner or operator of a dross-only 
24

furnace at a secondary aluminum production facility that is a 

major source must not discharge or cause to be discharged to the 

atmosphere:

(1) Emissions in excess of 0.15 kg of PM per Mg (0.30 lb of 

PM per ton) of feed/charge. 

(2) Visible emissions in excess of 10 percent opacity from 

any PM add-on air pollution control device if a COM is chosen as 

the monitoring option. 

(h) Rotary dross cooler. On and after the compliance date 

established by §63.1501, the owner or operator of a rotary dross 

cooler at a secondary aluminum production facility that is a 

major source must not discharge or cause to be discharged to the 

atmosphere: 

(1) Emissions in excess of 0.09 g of PM per dscm (0.04 gr 

per dscf). 

(2) Visible emissions in excess of 10 percent opacity from 

any PM add-on air pollution control device if a COM is chosen as 

the monitoring option. 

(i) Group 1 furnace. The owner or operator of a group 1 

furnace must use the limits in this paragraph to determine the 

emission standards for a SAPU. 

(1) 0.20 kg of PM per Mg (0.40 lb of PM per ton) of 

feed/charge from a group 1 furnace, that is not a 
25

melting/holding furnace processing only clean charge, at a 

secondary aluminum production facility that is a major source; 

(2) 0.40 kg of PM per Mg (0.80 lb of PM per ton) of 

feed/charge from a group 1 melting/holding furnace processing 

only clean charge at a secondary aluminum production facility 

that is a major source; 

(3) 15 μg of D/F TEQ per Mg (2.1 × 10−4 gr of D/F TEQ per 

ton) of feed/charge from a group 1 furnace at a secondary 

aluminum production facility that is a major or area source. 

This limit does not apply if the furnace processes only clean 

charge; and 

(4) 0.20 kg of HF per Mg (0.40 lb of HF per ton) of 

feed/charge from an uncontrolled group 1 furnace and 0.20 kg of 

HCl per Mg (0.40 lb of HCl per ton) of feed/charge or, if the 

furnace is equipped with an add-on air pollution control device, 

10 percent of the uncontrolled HCl emissions, by weight, for a 

group 1 furnace at a secondary aluminum production facility that 

is a major source. 

(5) The owner or operator of a group 1 furnace at a 

secondary aluminum production facility that is a major source 

must not discharge or cause to be discharged to the atmosphere 

visible emissions in excess of 10 percent opacity from any PM 

add-on air pollution control device if a COM is chosen as the 

monitoring option. 
26

(6) The owner or operator may determine the emission 

standards for a SAPU by applying the group 1 furnace limits on 

the basis of the aluminum production weight in each group 1 

furnace, rather than on the basis of feed/charge. 

(7) The owner or operator of a sidewell group 1 furnace 

that conducts reactive fluxing (except for cover flux) in the 

hearth, or that conducts reactive fluxing in the sidewell at 

times when the level of molten metal falls below the top of the 

passage between the sidewell and the hearth, must comply with 

the emission limits of paragraphs (i)(1) through (4) of this 

section on the basis of the combined emissions from the sidewell 

and the hearth.

(j) In-line fluxer. Except as provided in paragraph (j)(3) 

of this section for an in-line fluxer using no reactive flux 

material, the owner or operator of an in-line fluxer must use 

the limits in this paragraph to determine the emission standards 

for a SAPU. 

(1) 0.02 kg of HCl per Mg (0.04 lb of HCl per ton) of 

feed/charge; 

(2) 0.005 kg of PM per Mg (0.01 lb of PM per ton) of 

feed/charge. 

(3) The emission limits in paragraphs (j)(1) and (j)(2) of 

this section do not apply to an in-line fluxer that uses no 

reactive flux materials. 
27

(4) The owner or operator of an in-line fluxer at a 

secondary aluminum production facility that is a major source 

must not discharge or cause to be discharged to the atmosphere 

visible emissions in excess of 10 percent opacity from any PM 

add-on air pollution control device used to control emissions 

from the in-line fluxer, if a COM is chosen as the monitoring 

option. 

(5) The owner or operator may determine the emission 

standards for a SAPU by applying the in-line fluxer limits on 

the basis of the aluminum production weight in each in-line 

fluxer, rather than on the basis of feed/charge. 

(k) Secondary aluminum processing unit. The owner or 

operator must comply with the emission limits calculated using 

the equations for PM, HCl and HF in paragraphs (k)(1) and (2) of 

this section for each secondary aluminum processing unit at a 

secondary aluminum production facility that is a major source. 

The owner or operator must comply with the emission limit 

calculated using the equation for D/F in paragraph (k)(3) of 

this section for each secondary aluminum processing unit at a 

secondary aluminum production facility that is a major or area 

source.

(1) The owner or operator must not discharge or allow to be 

discharged to the atmosphere any 3-day, 24-hour rolling average 

emissions of PM in excess of: 
28

 

 









 n

i

ti

n

i

ti ti

c

T

L T

L

PM

PM

1

1 (Eq. 1)

Where,

LtiPM = The PM emission limit for individual emission unit i in 

paragraph (i)(1) and (2) of this section for a group 1 furnace 

or in paragraph (j)(2) of this section for an in-line fluxer; 

Tti = The mass of feed/charge rate for 24 hours for individual 

emission unit i; and 

LcPM = The daily PM emission limit for the secondary aluminum 

processing unit which is used to calculate the 3-day, 24-hour PM 

emission limit applicable to the SAPU.

Note: In-line fluxers using no reactive flux materials 

cannot be included in this calculation since they are not 

subject to the PM limit.

(2) The owner or operator must not discharge or allow to be 

discharged to the atmosphere any 3-day, 24-hour rolling average 

emissions of HCl in excess of: 

 

 









 n

i

ti

n

i

ti ti

c

T

L T

L

HCl HF

HCl HF

1

1

/

/

(Eq. 2)

Where, 
29

LtiHCl/HF = The HCl emission limit for individual emission unit i 

in paragraph (i)(4) of this section for a group 1 furnace or in 

paragraph (j)(1) of this section for an in-line fluxer; or the 

HF emission limit for individual emission unit i in paragraph 

(i)(4) of this section for an uncontrolled group 1 furnace; and 

LcHCl/HF = The HCl or HF emission limit for the secondary aluminum 

processing unit which is used to calculate the 3-day, 24-hour 

HCl or HF emission limit applicable to the SAPU.

Note: Only uncontrolled group 1 furnaces are included in 

this HF limit calculation. In-line fluxers using no reactive 

flux materials cannot be included in this calculation since they 

are not subject to the HCl or HF limit.

(3) The owner or operator must not discharge or allow to be 

discharged to the atmosphere any 3-day, 24-hour rolling average 

emissions of D/F in excess of: 

 

 









 n

i

ti

n

i

ti ti

c

T

L T

L

D F

D F

1

1

/

/

(Eq. 3)

Where, 

LtiD/F = The D/F emission limit for individual emission unit i in 

paragraph (i)(3) of this section for a group 1 furnace; and 
30

LcD/F = The D/F emission limit for the secondary aluminum 

processing unit which is used to calculate the 3-day, 24-hour 

D/F emission limit applicable to the SAPU.

Note: Clean charge furnaces cannot be included in this 

calculation since they are not subject to the D/F limit.

(4) The owner or operator of a SAPU at a secondary aluminum 

production facility that is a major source may demonstrate 

compliance with the emission limits of paragraphs (k)(1) through 

(3) of this section by demonstrating that each emission unit 

within the SAPU is in compliance with the applicable emission 

limits of paragraphs (i) and (j) of this section. 

(5) The owner or operator of a SAPU at a secondary aluminum 

production facility that is an area source may demonstrate 

compliance with the emission limits of paragraph (k)(3) of this 

section by demonstrating that each emission unit within the SAPU 

is in compliance with the emission limit of paragraph (i)(3) of 

this section. 

(6) With the prior approval of the permitting authority for 

major sources, or the Administrator for area sources, an owner 

or operator may redesignate any existing group 1 furnace or inline fluxer at a secondary aluminum production facility as a new 

emission unit. Any emission unit so redesignated may thereafter 

be included in a new SAPU at that facility. Any such 
31

redesignation will be solely for the purpose of this NESHAP and 

will be irreversible.

§63.1506 Operating requirements.

(a) Summary. (1) The owner or operator must operate all new 

and existing affected sources and control equipment according to 

the requirements in this section. The affected sources, and 

their associated control equipment, listed in § 63.1500(c)(1)

through (4) of this subpart that are located at a secondary 

aluminum production facility that is an area source are subject 

to the operating requirements of paragraphs (b), (c), (d), (f), 

(g), (h), (m), (n), and (p) of this section.

(2) The owner or operator of an existing sweat furnace that 

meets the specifications of §63.1505(f)(1) must operate the 

sweat furnace and control equipment according to the 

requirements of this section on and after the compliance date of 

this standard. 

(3) The owner or operator of a new sweat furnace that meets 

the specifications of §63.1505(f)(1) must operate the sweat 

furnace and control equipment according to the requirements of 

this section by March 23, 2000 or upon startup, whichever is 

later. 

(4) Operating requirements are summarized in Table 2 to 

this subpart. 
32

(5) At all times, the owner or operator must operate and 

maintain any affected source, including associated air pollution 

control equipment and monitoring equipment, in a manner 

consistent with safety and good air pollution control practices 

for minimizing emissions. Determination of whether such 

operation and maintenance procedures are being used will be 

based on information available to the Administrator which may 

include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of 

operation and maintenance procedures, review of operation and 

maintenance records, and inspection of the source.

(b) Labeling. The owner or operator must provide and 

maintain easily visible labels posted at each group 1 furnace, 

group 2 furnace, in-line fluxer and scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln that identifies the applicable emission 

limits and means of compliance, including: 

(1) The type of affected source or emission unit (e.g., 

scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln, group 1 furnace, 

group 2 furnace, in-line fluxer). 

(2) The applicable operational standard(s) and control 

method(s) (work practice or control device). This includes, but 

is not limited to, the type of charge to be used for a furnace 

(e.g., clean scrap only, all scrap, etc.), flux materials and 

addition practices, and the applicable operating parameter 

ranges and requirements as incorporated in the OM&M plan. 
33

(3) The afterburner operating temperature and design 

residence time for a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating 

kiln. 

(c) Capture/collection systems. For each affected source or 

emission unit equipped with an add-on air pollution control 

device, the owner or operator must: 

(1) Design and install a system for the capture and 

collection of emissions to meet the engineering standards for 

minimum exhaust rates or facial inlet velocities as contained in 

the ACGIH Guidelines (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14); 

(2) Vent captured emissions through a closed system, except 

that dilution air may be added to emission streams for the 

purpose of controlling temperature at the inlet to a fabric 

filter; and 

(3) Operate each capture/collection system according to the 

procedures and requirements in the OM&M plan. 

(4) In lieu of paragraph (c)(1) of this section, the owner 

or operator of a sweat furnace may design, install and operate 

each sweat furnace in accordance with paragraphs (c)(4)(i) 

through (iii) of this section.

(i) As demonstrated by an annual negative air flow test 

conducted in accordance with § 63.1510(d)(3), air flow must be 

into the sweat furnace or towards the plane of the sweat furnace 

opening.
34

(ii) The owner or operator must maintain and operate the 

sweat furnace in a manner consistent with the good practices 

requirements for minimizing emissions, including unmeasured 

emissions, in paragraph (a)(5) of this section. Procedures that 

will minimize unmeasured emissions may include, but are not 

limited to the following:

(A) Increasing the exhaust rate from the furnace with draft 

fans, so as to capture emissions that might otherwise escape 

from the sweat furnace opening;

(B) Minimizing the time the sweat furnace doors are open; 

(C) Keeping building doors and other openings closed to the 

greatest extent possible to minimize drafts that would divert 

emissions from being drawn into the sweat furnace; 

(D) Maintaining burners on low-fire or pilot operation 

while the doors are open;

(E) Conducting periodic inspections and maintenance of 

sweat furnace components to ensure their proper operation and 

performance including but not limited to, door assemblies, 

seals, combustion chamber refractory material, afterburner and 

stack refractory, blowers, fans, dampers, burner tubes, door 

raise cables, pilot light assemblies, baffles, sweat furnace and 

afterburner shells and other internal structures.

(iii) The owner or operator must document in their

operation, maintenance, and monitoring (OM&M) plan the 
35

procedures to be used to minimize emissions, including 

unmeasured emissions, in addition to the procedures to ensure 

the proper operation and maintenance of the sweat furnace.

(d) Feed/charge weight. The owner or operator of each 

affected source or emission unit subject to an emission limit in 

kg/Mg (lb/ton) or μg/Mg (gr/ton) of feed/charge must:

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (d)(3) of this section, 

install and operate a device that measures and records or 

otherwise determine the weight of feed/charge (or throughput) 

for each operating cycle or time period used in the performance 

test; and 

(2) Operate each weight measurement system or other weight 

determination procedure in accordance with the OM&M plan. 

(3) The owner or operator may chose to measure and record 

aluminum production weight from an affected source or emission 

unit rather than feed/charge weight to an affected source or 

emission unit, provided that: 

(i) The aluminum production weight, rather than feed/charge 

weight is measured and recorded for all emission units within a 

SAPU; and 

(ii) All calculations to demonstrate compliance with the 

emission limits for SAPUs are based on aluminum production 

weight rather than feed/charge weight. 
36

(e) Aluminum scrap shredder. The owner or operator of a 

scrap shredder with emissions controlled by a fabric filter must 

operate a bag leak detection system, or a continuous opacity 

monitor, or conduct visible emissions observations. 

(1) If a bag leak detection system is used to meet the 

monitoring requirements in §63.1510, the owner or operator must: 

(i) Initiate corrective action within 1-hour of a bag leak 

detection system alarm and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan. 

(ii) Operate each fabric filter system such that the bag 

leak detection system alarm does not sound more than 5 percent 

of the operating time during a 6-month block reporting period. 

In calculating this operating time fraction, if inspection of 

the fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is 

required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is 

required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If 

the owner or operator takes longer than 1 hour to initiate 

corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual 

amount of time taken by the owner or operator to initiate 

corrective action. 

(2) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is used to 

meet the monitoring requirements in §63.1510, the owner or 

operator must initiate corrective action within 1-hour of any 6-

minute average reading of 5 percent or more opacity and complete 
37

the corrective action procedures in accordance with the OM&M 

plan. 

(3) If visible emission observations are used to meet the 

monitoring requirements in §63.1510, the owner or operator must 

initiate corrective action within 1-hour of any observation of 

visible emissions during a daily visible emissions test and 

complete the corrective action procedures in accordance with the 

OM&M plan. 

(f) Thermal chip dryer. The owner or operator of a thermal 

chip dryer with emissions controlled by an afterburner must: 

(1) Maintain the 3-hour block average operating temperature 

of each afterburner at or above the average temperature 

established during the performance test. 

(2) Operate each afterburner in accordance with the OM&M 

plan. 

(3) Operate each thermal chip dryer using only unpainted 

aluminum chips as the feedstock. 

(g) Scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln. The owner 

or operator of a scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln 

with emissions controlled by an afterburner and a lime-injected 

fabric filter must: 

(1) For each afterburner, 
38

(i) Maintain the 3-hour block average operating temperature 

of each afterburner at or above the average temperature 

established during the performance test. 

(ii) Operate each afterburner in accordance with the OM&M 

plan. 

(2) If a bag leak detection system is used to meet the 

fabric filter monitoring requirements in §63.1510, 

(i) Initiate corrective action within 1-hour of a bag leak 

detection system alarm and complete any necessary corrective 

action procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan. 

(ii) Operate each fabric filter system such that the bag 

leak detection system alarm does not sound more than 5 percent 

of the operating time during a 6-month block reporting period. 

In calculating this operating time fraction, if inspection of 

the fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is 

required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is 

required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If 

the owner or operator takes longer than 1 hour to initiate 

corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual 

amount of time taken by the owner or operator to initiate 

corrective action. 

(3) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is used to 

meet the monitoring requirements in §63.1510, initiate 

corrective action within 1-hour of any 6-minute average reading 
39

of 5 percent or more opacity and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan. 

(4) Maintain the 3-hour block average inlet temperature for 

each fabric filter at or below the average temperature 

established during the performance test, plus 14°C (plus 25°F). 

(5) For a continuous injection device, maintain freeflowing lime in the hopper to the feed device at all times and 

maintain the lime feeder setting at or above the level 

established during the performance test. 

(h) Sweat furnace. The owner or operator of a sweat furnace 

with emissions controlled by an afterburner must: 

(1) Maintain the 3-hour block average operating temperature 

of each afterburner at or above: 

(i) The average temperature established during the 

performance test; or

(ii) 1600 °F if a performance test was not conducted, and 

the afterburner meets the specifications of §63.1505(f)(1). 

(2) Operate each afterburner in accordance with the OM&M 

plan. 

(i) Dross-only furnace. The owner or operator of a drossonly furnace with emissions controlled by a fabric filter must: 

(1) If a bag leak detection system is used to meet the 

monitoring requirements in §63.1510, 
40

(i) Initiate corrective action within 1-hour of a bag leak 

detection system alarm and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan. 

(ii) Operate each fabric filter system such that the bag 

leak detection system alarm does not sound more than 5 percent 

of the operating time during a 6-month block reporting period. 

In calculating this operating time fraction, if inspection of 

the fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is 

required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is 

required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If 

the owner or operator takes longer than 1 hour to initiate 

corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual 

amount of time taken by the owner or operator to initiate 

corrective action. 

(2) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is used to 

meet the monitoring requirements in §63.1510, initiate 

corrective action within 1-hour of any 6-minute average reading 

of 5 percent or more opacity and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan. 

(3) Operate each furnace using dross and salt flux as the 

sole feedstock.

(j) Rotary dross cooler. The owner or operator of a rotary 

dross cooler with emissions controlled by a fabric filter must: 
41

(1) If a bag leak detection system is used to meet the 

monitoring requirements in §63.1510, 

(i) Initiate corrective action within 1-hour of a bag leak 

detection system alarm and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan. 

(ii) Operate each fabric filter system such that the bag 

leak detection system alarm does not sound more than 5 percent 

of the operating time during a 6-month block reporting period. 

In calculating this operating time fraction, if inspection of 

the fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is 

required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is 

required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If 

the owner or operator takes longer than 1 hour to initiate 

corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual 

amount of time taken by the owner or operator to initiate 

corrective action. 

(2) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is used to 

meet the monitoring requirements in §63.1510, initiate 

corrective action within 1 hour of any 6-minute average reading 

of 5 percent or more opacity and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan. 

(k) In-line fluxer. The owner or operator of an in-line 

fluxer with emissions controlled by a lime-injected fabric 

filter must: 
42

(1) If a bag leak detection system is used to meet the 

monitoring requirements in §63.1510, 

(i) Initiate corrective action within 1-hour of a bag leak 

detection system alarm and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan. 

(ii) Operate each fabric filter system such that the bag 

leak detection system alarm does not sound more than 5 percent 

of the operating time during a 6-month block reporting period. 

In calculating this operating time fraction, if inspection of 

the fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is 

required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is 

required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If 

the owner or operator takes longer than 1 hour to initiate 

corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual 

amount of time taken by the owner or operator to initiate 

corrective action. 

(2) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is used to 

meet the monitoring requirements in §63.1510, initiate 

corrective action within 1 hour of any 6-minute average reading 

of 5 percent or more opacity and complete the corrective action 

procedures in accordance with the OM&M plan. 

(3) For a continuous injection system, maintain freeflowing lime in the hopper to the feed device at all times and 
43

maintain the lime feeder setting at or above the level 

established during the performance test. 

(4) Maintain the total reactive chlorine flux injection 

rate for each operating cycle or time period used in the 

performance test at or below the average rate established during 

the performance test. 

(l) In-line fluxer using no reactive flux material. The 

owner or operator of a new or existing in-line fluxer using no 

reactive flux materials must operate each in-line fluxer using 

no reactive flux materials. 

(m) Group 1 furnace with add-on air pollution control 

devices. The owner or operator of a group 1 furnace with 

emissions controlled by a lime-injected fabric filter must: 

(1) If a bag leak detection system is used to meet the 

monitoring requirements in §63.1510, the owner or operator must: 

(i) Initiate corrective action within 1 hour of a bag leak 

detection system alarm. 

(ii) Complete the corrective action procedures in 

accordance with the OM&M plan. 

(iii) Operate each fabric filter system such that the bag 

leak detection system alarm does not sound more than 5 percent 

of the operating time during a 6-month block reporting period. 

In calculating this operating time fraction, if inspection of 

the fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is 
44

required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is 

required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If 

the owner or operator takes longer than 1 hour to initiate 

corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual 

amount of time taken by the owner or operator to initiate 

corrective action. 

(2) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is used to 

meet the monitoring requirements in §63.1510, the owner or 

operator must: 

(i) Initiate corrective action within 1 hour of any 6-

minute average reading of 5 percent or more opacity; and 

(ii) Complete the corrective action procedures in 

accordance with the OM&M plan. 

(3) Maintain the 3-hour block average inlet temperature for 

each fabric filter at or below the average temperature 

established during the performance test, plus 14 °C (plus 25 

°F). 

(4) For a continuous lime injection system, maintain freeflowing lime in the hopper to the feed device at all times and 

maintain the lime feeder setting at or above the level 

established during the performance test. 

(5) Maintain the total reactive chlorine flux injection 

rate for each operating cycle or time period used in the 
45

performance test at or below the average rate established during 

the performance test. 

(6) Operate each sidewell furnace such that: 

(i) The level of molten metal remains above the top of the 

passage between the sidewell and hearth during reactive flux 

injection, unless emissions from both the sidewell and the 

hearth are included in demonstrating compliance with all 

applicable emission limits. 

(ii) Reactive flux is added only in the sidewell, unless 

emissions from both the sidewell and the hearth are included in 

demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limits.

(7) The operation of capture/collection systems and control 

devices associated with natural gas-fired, propane-fired or 

electrically heated group 1 furnaces that will be idled for at 

least 24 hours after the furnace cycle has been completed may be 

temporarily stopped. Operation of these capture/collection 

systems and control devices must be restarted before 

feed/charge, flux or alloying materials are added to the 

furnace.

(n) Group 1 furnace without add-on air pollution control 

devices. The owner or operator of a group 1 furnace (including a 

group 1 furnace that is part of a secondary aluminum processing 

unit) without add-on air pollution control devices must: 
46

(1) Maintain the total reactive chlorine flux injection 

rate and fluorine flux injection rate for each operating cycle 

or time period used in the performance test, at or below the 

average rate established during the performance test. 

(2) Operate each furnace in accordance with the work 

practice/pollution prevention measures documented in the OM&M 

plan and within the parameter values or ranges established in 

the OM&M plan. 

(3) Operate each group 1 melting/holding furnace subject to 

the emission standards in §63.1505(i)(2) using only clean charge 

as the feedstock. 

(o) Group 2 furnace. The owner or operator of a new or 

existing group 2 furnace must: 

(1) Operate each furnace using only clean charge as the 

feedstock. 

(2) Operate each furnace using no reactive flux. 

(p) Corrective action. When a process parameter or add-on 

air pollution control device operating parameter deviates from 

the value or range established during the performance test and 

incorporated in the OM&M plan, the owner or operator must 

initiate corrective action. Corrective action must restore 

operation of the affected source or emission unit (including the 

process or control device) to its normal or usual mode of 

operation as expeditiously as practicable in accordance with 
47

good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. 

Corrective actions taken must include follow-up actions 

necessary to return the process or control device parameter 

level(s) to the value or range of values established during the 

performance test and steps to prevent the likely recurrence of 

the cause of a deviation. 

§§63.1507-63.1509 [Reserved]

Monitoring and Compliance Requirements

§63.1510 Monitoring requirements.

(a) Summary. The owner or operator of a new or existing 

affected source or emission unit must monitor all control 

equipment and processes according to the requirements in this 

section. Monitoring requirements for each type of affected 

source and emission unit are summarized in Table 3 to this 

subpart. Area sources are subject to monitoring requirements for 

those affected sources listed in § 63.1500(c)(1)-(4) of this 

subpart, and associated control equipment as required by 

paragraphs (b) through (k), (n) through (q), and (s) through (w) 

of this section, including but not limited to:

(1) The operation, maintenance and monitoring plan required 

in paragraph (b) of this section pertaining to each affected 

source listed in § 63.1500(c)(1)-(4) of this subpart,

(2) The labeling requirements described in paragraph (c) of 

this section pertaining to group 1 furnaces processing other 
48

than clean charge, and scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating 

kilns,

(3) The requirements for capture and collection described 

in paragraph (d) of this section for each controlled affected 

source (i.e, affected sources with an add-on air pollution 

control device), listed in § 63.1500(c)(1)-(4) of this subpart,

(4) The feed/charge weight monitoring requirements 

described in paragraph (e) of this section applicable to group 1 

furnaces processing other than clean charge, scrap 

dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kilns and thermal chip dryers,

(5) The bag leak detection system requirements described in 

paragraph (f) of this section applicable to all bag leak 

detection systems installed on fabric filters and lime injected 

fabric filters used to control each affected source listed in 

§ 63.1500(c)(1)-(4) of this subpart,

(6) The requirements for afterburners described in 

paragraph (g) of this section applicable to sweat furnaces, 

thermal chip dryers, and scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating 

kilns,

(7) The requirements for monitoring fabric filter inlet 

temperature described in paragraph (h) of this section for all 

lime injected fabric filters used to control group 1 furnaces 

processing other than clean charge, sweat furnaces and scrap 

dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kilns,
49

(8) The requirements for monitoring lime injection 

described in paragraph (i) of this section applicable to all 

lime injected fabric filters used to control emissions from 

group 1 furnaces processing other than clean charge, thermal 

chip dryers, sweat furnaces and scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kilns,

(9) The requirements for monitoring total reactive flux 

injection described in paragraph (j) of this section for all 

group 1 furnaces processing other than clean charge, 

(10) The requirements described in paragraph (k) of this 

section for thermal chip dryers,

(11) The requirements described in paragraph (n) of this 

section for controlled group 1 sidewell furnaces processing 

other than clean charge,

(12) The requirements described in paragraph (o) of this 

section for uncontrolled group 1 sidewell furnaces processing 

other than clean charge,

(13) The requirements described in paragraph (p) of this 

section for scrap inspection programs for uncontrolled group 1 

furnaces,

(14) The requirements described in paragraph (q) of this 

section for monitoring scrap contamination level for 

uncontrolled group 1 furnaces,
50

(15) The requirements described in paragraph (s) of this 

section for secondary aluminum processing units, limited to 

compliance with limits for emissions of D/F from group 1 

furnaces processing other than clean charge,

(16) The requirements described in paragraph (t) of this 

section for secondary aluminum processing units limited to 

compliance with limits for emissions of D/F from group 1 

furnaces processing other than clean charge,

(17) The requirements described in paragraph (u) of this 

section for secondary aluminum processing units limited to 

compliance with limits for emissions of D/F from group 1 

furnaces processing other than clean charge,

(18) The requirements described in paragraph (v) of this 

section for alternative lime addition monitoring methods 

applicable to lime-injected fabric filters used to control 

emissions from group 1 furnaces processing other than clean 

charge, thermal chip dryers, sweat furnaces and scrap 

dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kilns, and

(19) The requirements described in paragraph (w) of this 

section for approval of alternate methods for monitoring group 1 

furnaces processing other than clean charge, thermal chip 

dryers, scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kilns and sweat 

furnaces and associated control devices for the control of D/F 

emissions.
51

(b) Operation, maintenance, and monitoring (OM&M) plan. The 

owner or operator must prepare and implement for each new or 

existing affected source and emission unit, a written OM&M plan. 

The owner or operator of an existing affected source must submit 

the OM&M plan to the permitting authority for major sources, or 

the Administrator for area sources no later than the compliance 

date established by §63.1501(a). The owner or operator of any 

new affected source must submit the OM&M plan to the responsible 

permitting authority within 90 days after a successful initial 

performance test under §63.1511(b), or within 90 days after the 

compliance date established by §63.1501(b) if no initial 

performance test is required. The plan must be accompanied by a 

written certification by the owner or operator that the OM&M 

plan satisfies all requirements of this section and is otherwise 

consistent with the requirements of this subpart. The owner or 

operator must comply with all of the provisions of the OM&M plan 

as submitted to the permitting authority for major sources, or 

the Administrator for area sources, unless and until the plan is 

revised in accordance with the following procedures. If the 

permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for 

area sources determines at any time after receipt of the OM&M 

plan that any revisions of the plan are necessary to satisfy the 

requirements of this section or this subpart, the owner or 

operator must promptly make all necessary revisions and resubmit 
52

the revised plan. If the owner or operator determines that any 

other revisions of the OM&M plan are necessary, such revisions 

will not become effective until the owner or operator submits a 

description of the changes and a revised plan incorporating them 

to the permitting authority for major sources, or the 

Administrator for area sources. Each plan must contain the 

following information:

(1) Process and control device parameters to be monitored 

to determine compliance, along with established operating levels 

or ranges, as applicable, for each process and control device. 

(2) A monitoring schedule for each affected source and 

emission unit.

(3) Procedures for the proper operation and maintenance of 

each process unit and add-on control device used to meet the 

applicable emission limits or standards in §63.1505. 

(4) Procedures for the proper operation and maintenance of 

monitoring devices or systems used to determine compliance, 

including: 

(i) Calibration and certification of accuracy of each 

monitoring device, at least once every 6 months, according to 

the manufacturer's instructions; and

(ii) Procedures for the quality control and quality 

assurance of continuous emission or opacity monitoring systems 

as required by the general provisions in subpart A of this part. 
53

(5) Procedures for monitoring process and control device 

parameters, including lime injection rates, procedures for 

annual inspections of afterburners, and if applicable, the 

procedure to be used for determining charge/feed (or throughput) 

weight if a measurement device is not used. 

(6) Corrective actions to be taken when process or 

operating parameters or add-on control device parameters deviate 

from the value or range established in paragraph (b)(1) of this 

section, including: 

(i) Procedures to determine and record the cause of any 

deviation or excursion, and the time the deviation or excursion 

began and ended; and

(ii) Procedures for recording the corrective action taken, 

the time corrective action was initiated, and the time/date 

corrective action was completed. 

(7) A maintenance schedule for each process and control 

device that is consistent with the manufacturer's instructions 

and recommendations for routine and long-term maintenance. 

(8) Documentation of the work practice and pollution 

prevention measures used to achieve compliance with the 

applicable emission limits and a site-specific monitoring plan 

as required in paragraph (o) of this section for each group 1 

furnace not equipped with an add-on air pollution control 

device. 
54

(9) Procedures to be followed when changing furnace 

classifications under the provisions of § 63.1514.

(c) Labeling. The owner or operator must inspect the labels 

for each group 1 furnace, group 2 furnace, in-line fluxer and 

scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln at least once per 

calendar month to confirm that posted labels as required by the

operational standard in §63.1506(b) are intact and legible. 

(d) Capture/collection system. The owner or operator must: 

(1) Install, operate, and maintain a capture/collection 

system for each affected source and emission unit equipped with 

an add-on air pollution control device; and

(2) Inspect each capture/collection and closed vent system 

at least once each calendar year to ensure that each system is 

operating in accordance with the operating requirements in 

§63.1506(c) and record the results of each inspection. This 

inspection shall include a volumetric flow rate measurement 

taken at a location in the ductwork downstream of the hoods that 

is representative of the actual volumetric flow rate without 

interference due to leaks, ambient air added for cooling or 

ducts from other hoods. The flow rate measurement must be 

performed in accordance with paragraphs (d)(2)(i), (ii), or 

(iii) of this section. As an alternative to the flow rate 

measurement specified in this paragraph, the inspection may 

satisfy the requirements of this paragraph, including the 
55

operating requirements in § 63.1506(c), by including permanent 

total enclosure verification in accordance with paragraph 

(d)(2)(i) or (iv) of this section. Inspections that fail to 

successfully demonstrate that the requirements of § 63.1506(c) 

are met, must be followed by repair or adjustment to the system 

operating conditions and a follow up inspection within 45 days 

to demonstrate that § 63.1506(c) requirements are fully met.

(i) Conduct annual flow rate measurements using EPA Methods 

1 and 2 in Appendix A to 40 CFR part 60, or conduct annual 

verification of a permanent total enclosure using EPA Method 

204; or you may follow one of the three alternate procedures 

described in paragraphs (ii), (iii) or (iv) of this section to 

maintain system operations in accordance with an operating limit 

established during the performance test. The operating limit is 

determined as the average reading of a parametric monitoring 

instrument (Magnehelic®, manometer, anemometer, or other 

parametric monitoring instrument) and technique as described in 

paragraphs (d)(2)(ii), (iii), and (iv) of this section. A 

deviation, as defined in paragraphs (ii), (iii) and (iv) of this 

section, from the parametric monitoring operating limit requires 

the owner or operator to make repairs or adjustments to restore 

normal operation within 45 days.
56

(ii) As an alternative to annual flow rate measurements 

using EPA Methods 1 and 2, measurement with EPA Methods 1 and 2 

can be performed once every 5 years, provided that:

(A) A flow rate indicator consisting of a pitot tube and 

differential pressure gauge (Magnehelic®, manometer or other 

differential pressure gauge) is installed with the pitot tube 

tip located at a representative point of the duct proximate to 

the location of the Methods 1 and 2 measurement site; and

(B) The flow rate indicator is installed and operated in 

accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications; and

(C) The differential pressure is recorded during the Method 

2 performance test series; and

(D) Daily differential pressure readings are made by taking 

three measurements with at least 5 minutes between each 

measurement and averaging the three measurements; and readings 

are recorded daily and maintained at or above 90 percent of the 

average pressure differential indicated by the flow rate 

indicator during the most recent Method 2 performance test 

series; and

(E) An inspection of the pitot tube and associated lines 

for damage, plugging, leakage and operational integrity is 

conducted at least once per year; or
57

(iii) As an alternative to annual flow rate measurements 

using EPA Methods 1 and 2, measurement with EPA Methods 1 and 2 

can be performed once every 5 years, provided that:

(A) Daily measurements of the capture and collection 

system’s fan revolutions per minute (RPM) or fan motor amperage 

(amps) are made by taking three measurements with at least 5 

minutes between each measurement, and averaging the three 

measurements; and readings are recorded daily and maintained at 

or above 90 percent of the average RPM or amps measured during 

the most recent Method 2 performance test series; or

(B) A static pressure measurement device is installed in 

the duct immediately downstream of the hood exit, and daily 

pressure readings are made by taking three measurements with at 

least 5 minutes between each measurement, and averaging the 

three measurements; and readings are recorded daily and 

maintained at 90 percent or better of the average vacuum 

recorded during the most recent Method 2 performance test 

series; or

(C) A hotwire anemometer, ultrasonic flow meter, cross-duct 

pressure differential sensor, venturi pressure differential 

monitoring or orifice plate equipped with an associated 

thermocouple and automated data logging software and associated 

hardware is installed; and daily readings are made by taking 

three measurements with at least 5 minutes between each 
58

measurement, and averaging the three measurements; and readings

are recorded daily and maintained at 90 percent or greater of 

the average readings during the most recent Method 2 performance 

test series; or

(D) For booth-type hoods, hotwire anemometer measurements 

of hood face velocity are performed simultaneously with EPA 

Method 1 and 2 measurements, and the annual hood face velocity 

measurements confirm that the enclosure draft is maintained at 

90 percent or greater of the average readings during the most 

recent Method 2 performance test series. Daily readings are made 

by taking three measurements with at least 5 minutes between 

each measurement, and averaging the three measurements; and 

readings are recorded daily and maintained at 90 percent or 

greater of the average readings during the most recent Method 1 

and 2 performance test series.

(iv) As an alternative to the annual verification of a 

permanent total enclosure using EPA Method 204, verification can 

be performed once every 5 years, provided that:

(A) Negative pressure in the enclosure is directly 

monitored by a pressure indicator installed at a representative 

location;

(B) Pressure readings are recorded daily or the system is 

interlocked to halt material feed should the system not operate 

under negative pressure;
59

(C) An inspection of the pressure indicator for damage and 

operational integrity is conducted at least once per calendar 

year.

(3) For sweat furnaces, in lieu of paragraph (d)(2) of this 

section, the owner or operator of a sweat furnace may inspect 

each sweat furnace at least once each calendar year to ensure 

that they are being operated in accordance with the negative air 

flow requirements in § 63.1506(c)(4). The owner or operator of a 

sweat furnace must demonstrate negative air flow into the sweat 

furnace in accordance with paragraphs (d)(3)(i) through (iii) of 

this section.

(i) Perform an annual visual smoke test to demonstrate 

airflow into the sweat furnace or towards the plane of the sweat 

furnace opening;

(ii) Perform the smoke test using a smoke source, such as a 

smoke tube, smoke stick, smoke cartridge, smoke candle or other 

smoke source that produces a persistent and neutral buoyancy 

aerosol; and

(iii) Perform the visual smoke test at a safe distance from 

and near the center of the sweat furnace opening.

(e) Feed/charge weight. The owner or operator of an 

affected source or emission unit subject to an emission limit in 

kg/Mg (lb/ton) or μg/Mg (gr/ton) of feed/charge must install, 

calibrate, operate, and maintain a device to measure and record 
60

the total weight of feed/charge to, or the aluminum production 

from, the affected source or emission unit over the same 

operating cycle or time period used in the performance test. 

Feed/charge or aluminum production within SAPUs must be measured 

and recorded on an emission unit-by-emission unit basis. As an 

alternative to a measurement device, the owner or operator may 

use a procedure acceptable to the applicable permitting 

authority for major sources, or the Administrator for area 

sources to determine the total weight of feed/charge or aluminum 

production to the affected source or emission unit. 

(1) The accuracy of the weight measurement device or 

procedure must be ±1 percent of the weight being measured. The 

owner or operator may apply to the permitting agency for 

approval to use a device of alternative accuracy if the required 

accuracy cannot be achieved as a result of equipment layout or 

charging practices. A device of alternative accuracy will not be 

approved unless the owner or operator provides assurance through 

data and information that the affected source will meet the 

relevant emission standard. 

(2) The owner or operator must verify the calibration of 

the weight measurement device in accordance with the schedule 

specified by the manufacturer, or if no calibration schedule is 

specified, at least once every 6 months. 
61

(f) Fabric filters and lime-injected fabric filters. The 

owner or operator of an affected source or emission unit using a 

fabric filter or lime-injected fabric filter to comply with the 

requirements of this subpart must install, calibrate, maintain, 

and continuously operate a bag leak detection system as required 

in paragraph (f)(1) of this section or a continuous opacity 

monitoring system as required in paragraph (f)(2) of this 

section. The owner or operator of an aluminum scrap shredder 

must install and operate a bag leak detection system as required 

in paragraph (f)(1) of this section, install and operate a 

continuous opacity monitoring system as required in paragraph 

(f)(2) of this section, or conduct visible emission observations 

as required in paragraph (f)(3) of this section. 

(1) These requirements apply to the owner or operator of a 

new or existing affected source or existing emission unit using 

a bag leak detection system. 

(i) The owner or operator must install and operate a bag 

leak detection system for each exhaust stack of a fabric filter. 

(ii) Each bag leak detection system must be installed, 

calibrated, operated, and maintained according to the 

manufacturer's operating instructions. 

(iii) The bag leak detection system must be certified by 

the manufacturer to be capable of detecting PM emissions at 
62

concentrations of 10 milligrams per actual cubic meter (0.0044 

grains per actual cubic foot) or less. 

(iv) The bag leak detection system sensor must provide 

output of relative or absolute PM loadings. 

(v) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with a 

device to continuously record the output signal from the sensor. 

(vi) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with an 

alarm system that will sound automatically when an increase in 

relative PM emissions over a preset level is detected. The alarm 

must be located where it is easily heard by plant operating 

personnel. 

(vii) For positive pressure fabric filter systems, a bag 

leak detection system must be installed in each baghouse 

compartment or cell. For negative pressure or induced air fabric 

filters, the bag leak detector must be installed downstream of 

the fabric filter. 

(viii) Where multiple detectors are required, the system's 

instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detectors. 

(ix) The baseline output must be established by adjusting 

the range and the averaging period of the device and 

establishing the alarm set points and the alarm delay time. 

(x) Following initial adjustment of the system, the owner 

or operator must not adjust the sensitivity or range, averaging 

period, alarm set points, or alarm delay time except as detailed 
63

in the OM&M plan. In no case may the sensitivity be increased by 

more than 100 percent or decreased more than 50 percent over a 

365-day period unless such adjustment follows a complete fabric 

filter inspection which demonstrates that the fabric filter is 

in good operating condition. 

(2) These requirements apply to the owner or operator of a 

new or existing affected source or an existing emission unit 

using a continuous opacity monitoring system. 

(i) The owner or operator must install, calibrate, 

maintain, and operate a continuous opacity monitoring system to 

measure and record the opacity of emissions exiting each exhaust 

stack. 

(ii) Each continuous opacity monitoring system must meet 

the design and installation requirements of Performance 

Specification 1 in appendix B to 40 CFR part 60. 

(3) These requirements apply to the owner or operator of a 

new or existing aluminum scrap shredder who conducts visible 

emission observations. The owner or operator must: 

(i) Perform a visible emissions test for each aluminum 

scrap shredder using a certified observer at least once a day 

according to the requirements of Method 9 in appendix A to 40 

CFR part 60. Each Method 9 test must consist of five 6-minute 

observations in a 30-minute period; and

(ii) Record the results of each test. 
64

(4) As an alternative to the requirements of paragraph 

(f)(3) of this section, the owner or operator of a new or 

existing aluminum scrap shredder may measure the opacity of the 

emissions discharged through a stack or stacks using ASTM Method 

D7520-13 (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14) subject to the 

requirements of paragraphs § 1510(f)(4)(i) through (iv) of this 

section. Each test must consist of five 6-minute observations in 

a 30-minute period.

(i) During the digital camera opacity technique (DCOT) 

certification procedure outlined in Section 9.2 of ASTM D7520-

13, the owner or operator or the DCOT vendor must present the 

plumes in front of various backgrounds of color and contrast 

representing conditions anticipated during field use such as 

blue sky, trees, and mixed backgrounds (clouds and/or a sparse 

tree stand).

(ii) The owner or operator must also have standard 

operating procedures in place including daily or other frequency 

quality checks to ensure that equipment is within manufacturing 

specifications as outlined in Section 8.1 of ASTM D7520-13.

(iii) The owner or operator must follow the recordkeeping 

procedures outlined in § 63.10(b)(1) for DCOT certification, 

compliance report, data sheets and all raw unaltered JPEGs used 

for opacity and certification determination.
65

(iv) The owner or operator or the DCOT vendor must have a 

minimum of four (4) independent technology users apply the 

software to determine the visible opacity of the 300 

certification plumes. For each set of 25 plumes, the user may 

not exceed 15 percent opacity on any one reading and the average 

error must not exceed 7.5 percent opacity.

(g) Afterburner. These requirements apply to the owner or 

operator of an affected source using an afterburner to comply 

with the requirements of this subpart. 

(1) The owner or operator must install, calibrate, 

maintain, and operate a device to continuously monitor and 

record the operating temperature of the afterburner consistent 

with the requirements for continuous monitoring systems in 

subpart A of this part. 

(2) The temperature monitoring device must meet each of 

these performance and equipment specifications: 

(i) The temperature monitoring device must be installed at 

the exit of the combustion zone of each afterburner. 

(ii) The monitoring system must record the temperature in 

15-minute block averages and determine and record the average 

temperature for each 3-hour block period. 

(iii) The recorder response range must include zero and 1.5 

times the average temperature established according to the 

requirements in §63.1512(m). 
66

(iv) The reference method must be a National Institute of 

Standards and Technology calibrated reference thermocouplepotentiometer system or alternate reference, subject to approval 

by the Administrator. 

(3) The owner or operator must conduct an inspection of 

each afterburner at least once a year and record the results. At 

a minimum, an inspection must include: 

(i) Inspection of all burners, pilot assemblies, and pilot 

sensing devices for proper operation and clean pilot sensor; 

(ii) Inspection for proper adjustment of combustion air; 

(iii) Inspection of internal structures (e.g., baffles) to 

ensure structural integrity; 

(iv) Inspection of dampers, fans, and blowers for proper 

operation; 

(v) Inspection for proper sealing; 

(vi) Inspection of motors for proper operation; 

(vii) Inspection of combustion chamber refractory lining 

and clean and replace lining as necessary; 

(viii) Inspection of afterburner shell for corrosion and/or 

hot spots; 

(ix) Documentation, for the burn cycle that follows the 

inspection, that the afterburner is operating properly and any 

necessary adjustments have been made; and
67

(x) Verification that the equipment is maintained in good 

operating condition. 

(xi) Following an equipment inspection, all necessary 

repairs must be completed in accordance with the requirements of 

the OM&M plan. 

(h) Fabric filter inlet temperature. These requirements 

apply to the owner or operator of a scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln or a group 1 furnace using a lime-injected 

fabric filter to comply with the requirements of this subpart. 

(1) The owner or operator must install, calibrate, 

maintain, and operate a device to continuously monitor and 

record the temperature of the fabric filter inlet gases 

consistent with the requirements for continuous monitoring 

systems in subpart A of this part. 

(2) The temperature monitoring device must meet each of 

these performance and equipment specifications: 

(i) The monitoring system must record the temperature in 

15-minute block averages and calculate and record the average 

temperature for each 3-hour block period. 

(ii) The recorder response range must include zero and 1.5 

times the average temperature established according to the 

requirements in §63.1512(n). 

(iii) The reference method must be a National Institute of 

Standards and Technology calibrated reference thermocouple-
68

potentiometer system or alternate reference, subject to approval 

by the Administrator. 

(i) Lime injection. These requirements apply to the owner 

or operator of an affected source or emission unit using a limeinjected fabric filter to comply with the requirements of this 

subpart. 

(1) The owner or operator of a continuous lime injection 

system must verify that lime is always free-flowing by either: 

(i) Inspecting each feed hopper or silo at least once each 

8-hour period and recording the results of each inspection. If 

lime is found not to be free-flowing during any of the 8-hour 

periods, the owner or operator must increase the frequency of 

inspections to at least once every 4-hour period for the next 3 

days. The owner or operator may return to inspections at least 

once every 8 hour period if corrective action results in no 

further blockages of lime during the 3-day period; or

(ii) Subject to the approval of the permitting agency, 

installing, operating and maintaining a load cell, carrier 

gas/lime flow indicator, carrier gas pressure drop measurement 

system or other system to confirm that lime is free-flowing. If 

lime is found not to be free-flowing, the owner or operator must 

promptly initiate and complete corrective action, or

(iii) Subject to the approval of the permitting agency, 

installing, operating and maintaining a device to monitor the 
69

concentration of HCl at the outlet of the fabric filter. If an 

increase in the concentration of HCl indicates that the lime is 

not free-flowing, the owner or operator must promptly initiate 

and complete corrective action. 

(2) The owner or operator of a continuous lime injection 

system must record the lime feeder setting once each day of 

operation. 

(3) An owner or operator who intermittently adds lime to a 

lime-injected fabric filter must obtain approval from the 

permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for 

area sources for a lime addition monitoring procedure. The 

permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for 

area sources will not approve a monitoring procedure unless data 

and information are submitted establishing that the procedure is 

adequate to ensure that relevant emission standards will be met 

on a continuous basis. 

(4) At least once per month, verify that the lime injection 

rate in pounds per hour (lb/hr) is no less than 90 percent of 

the lime injection rate used to demonstrate compliance during 

your most recent performance test. If the monthly check of the 

lime injection rate is below the 90 percent, the owner or 

operator must repair or adjust the lime injection system to 

restore normal operation within 45 days. The owner or operator 

may request from the permitting authority for major sources, or 
70

the Administrator for area sources, an extension of up to an 

additional 45 days to demonstrate that the lime injection rate 

is no less than 90 percent of the lime injection rate used to 

demonstrate compliance during the most recent performance test. 

In the event that a lime feeder is repaired or replaced, the 

feeder must be calibrated, and the feed rate must be restored to 

the lb/hr feed rate operating limit established during the most 

recent performance test within 45 days. The owner or operator 

may request from the permitting authority for major sources, or 

the Administrator for area sources, an extension of up to an 

additional 45 days to complete the repair or replacement and 

establishing a new setting. The repair or replacement, and the 

establishment of the new feeder setting(s) must be documented in 

accordance with the recordkeeping requirements of § 63.1517.

(j) Total reactive flux injection rate. These requirements 

apply to the owner or operator of a group 1 furnace (with or 

without add-on air pollution control devices) or in-line fluxer. 

The owner or operator must: 

(1) Install, calibrate, operate, and maintain a device to 

continuously measure and record the weight of gaseous or liquid 

reactive flux injected to each affected source or emission unit. 

(i) The monitoring system must record the weight for each 

15-minute block period, during which reactive fluxing occurs, 
71

over the same operating cycle or time period used in the 

performance test. 

(ii) The accuracy of the weight measurement device must be 

±1 percent of the weight of the reactive component of the flux 

being measured. The owner or operator may apply to the 

permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for 

area sources for permission to use a weight measurement device 

of alternative accuracy in cases where the reactive flux flow 

rates are so low as to make the use of a weight measurement 

device of ±1 percent impracticable. A device of alternative 

accuracy will not be approved unless the owner or operator 

provides assurance through data and information that the 

affected source will meet the relevant emission standards. 

(iii) The owner or operator must verify the calibration of 

the weight measurement device in accordance with the schedule 

specified by the manufacturer, or if no calibration schedule is 

specified, at least once every 6 months. 

(2) Calculate and record the gaseous or liquid reactive 

flux injection rate (kg/Mg or lb/ton) for each operating cycle 

or time period used in the performance test using the procedure 

in §63.1512(o). 

(3) Record, for each 15-minute block period during each 

operating cycle or time period used in the performance test 
72

during which reactive fluxing occurs, the time, weight, and type 

of flux for each addition of: 

(i) Gaseous or liquid reactive flux other than chlorine; 

and

(ii) Solid reactive flux. 

(4) Calculate and record the total reactive flux injection 

rate for each operating cycle or time period used in the 

performance test using the procedure in §63.1512(o). For solid 

flux that is added intermittently, record the amount added for 

each operating cycle or time period used in the performance test 

using the procedures in § 63.1512(o).

(5) The owner or operator of a group 1 furnace or in-line 

fluxer performing reactive fluxing may apply to the 

Administrator for approval of an alternative method for 

monitoring and recording the total reactive flux addition rate 

based on monitoring the weight or quantity of reactive flux per 

ton of feed/charge for each operating cycle or time period used 

in the performance test. An alternative monitoring method will 

not be approved unless the owner or operator provides assurance 

through data and information that the affected source will meet 

the relevant emission standards on a continuous basis. 

(k) Thermal chip dryer. These requirements apply to the 

owner or operator of a thermal chip dryer with emissions 

controlled by an afterburner. The owner or operator must: 
73

(1) Record the type of materials charged to the unit for 

each operating cycle or time period used in the performance 

test. 

(2) Submit a certification of compliance with the 

applicable operational standard for charge materials in 

§63.1506(f)(3) for each 6-month reporting period. Each 

certification must contain the information in §63.1516(b)(2)(i). 

(l) Dross-only furnace. These requirements apply to the 

owner or operator of a dross-only furnace. The owner or operator 

must: 

(1) Record the materials charged to each unit for each 

operating cycle or time period used in the performance test. 

(2) Submit a certification of compliance with the 

applicable operational standard for charge materials in 

§63.1506(i)(3) for each 6-month reporting period. Each 

certification must contain the information in 

§63.1516(b)(2)(ii). 

(m) In-line fluxers using no reactive flux. The owner or 

operator of an in-line fluxer that uses no reactive flux 

materials must submit a certification of compliance with the 

operational standard for no reactive flux materials in 

§63.1506(l) for each 6-month reporting period. Each 

certification must contain the information in 

§63.1516(b)(2)(vi). 
74

(n) Sidewell group 1 furnace with add-on air pollution 

control devices. These requirements apply to the owner or 

operator of a sidewell group 1 furnace using add-on air 

pollution control devices. The owner or operator must: 

(1) Record in an operating log for each tap of a sidewell 

furnace that the level of molten metal was above the top of the 

passage between the sidewell and hearth during reactive flux 

injection, unless the furnace hearth was also equipped with an 

add-on control device. If visual inspection of the molten metal 

level is not possible, the molten metal level must be determined 

using physical measurement methods.

(2) Submit a certification of compliance with the 

operational standards in §63.1506(m)(6) for each 6-month 

reporting period. Each certification must contain the 

information in §63.1516(b)(2)(iii). 

(o) Group 1 furnace without add-on air pollution control 

devices. These requirements apply to the owner or operator of a 

group 1 furnace that is not equipped with an add-on air 

pollution control device. 

(1) The owner or operator must develop, in consultation 

with the responsible permitting authority for major sources, or 

the Administrator for area sources, a written site-specific 

monitoring plan. The site-specific monitoring plan must be 

submitted to the permitting authority for major sources, or the 
75

Administrator for area sources as part of the OM&M plan. The 

site-specific monitoring plan must contain sufficient procedures 

to ensure continuing compliance with all applicable emission 

limits and must demonstrate, based on documented test results,

the relationship between emissions of PM, HCl, and D/F (and HF

for uncontrolled group 1 furnaces) and the proposed monitoring 

parameters for each pollutant. Test data must establish the 

highest level of PM, HCl, and D/F (and HF for uncontrolled group 

1 furnaces) that will be emitted from the furnace in accordance 

with § 63.1511(b)(1). If the permitting authority for major 

sources, or the Administrator for area sources determines that 

any revisions of the site-specific monitoring plan are necessary 

to meet the requirements of this section or this subpart, the 

owner or operator must promptly make all necessary revisions and 

resubmit the revised plan.

(i) The owner or operator of an existing affected source 

must submit the site-specific monitoring plan to the permitting 

authority for major sources, or the Administrator for area 

sources for review at least 6 months prior to the compliance 

date. 

(ii) The permitting authority for major sources, or the 

Administrator for area sources will review and approve or 

disapprove a proposed plan, or request changes to a plan, based 

on whether the plan contains sufficient provisions to ensure 
76

continuing compliance with applicable emission limits and 

demonstrates, based on documented test results, the relationship 

between emissions of PM, HCl, and D/F (and HF for uncontrolled 

group 1 furnaces) and the proposed monitoring parameters for 

each pollutant. Test data must establish the highest level of 

PM, HCl, and D/F (and HF for uncontrolled group 1 furnaces) that 

will be emitted from the furnace. Subject to approval of the 

OM&M plan, the highest levels may be determined by conducting 

performance tests and monitoring operating parameters in 

accordance with § 63.1511(b)(1).

(2) Each site-specific monitoring plan must document each 

work practice, equipment/design practice, pollution prevention 

practice, or other measure used to meet the applicable emission 

standards. 

(3) Each site-specific monitoring plan must include 

provisions for unit labeling as required in paragraph (c) of 

this section, feed/charge weight measurement (or production 

weight measurement) as required in paragraph (e) of this section 

and flux weight measurement as required in paragraph (j) of this 

section. 

(4) Each site-specific monitoring plan for a 

melting/holding furnace subject to the clean charge emission 

standard in §63.1505(i)(3) must include these requirements: 
77

(i) The owner or operator must record the type of feed/ 

charge (e.g., ingot, thermally dried chips, dried scrap, etc.) 

for each operating cycle or time period used in the performance 

test; and

(ii) The owner or operator must submit a certification of 

compliance with the applicable operational standard for clean 

charge materials in §63.1506(n)(3) for each 6-month reporting 

period. Each certification must contain the information in 

§63.1516(b)(2)(iv). 

(5) If a continuous emission monitoring system is included 

in a site-specific monitoring plan, the plan must include 

provisions for the installation, operation, and maintenance of 

the system to provide quality-assured measurements in accordance 

with all applicable requirements of the general provisions in 

subpart A of this part. 

(6) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is included 

in a site-specific monitoring plan, the plan must include 

provisions for the installation, operation, and maintenance of 

the system to provide quality-assured measurements in accordance 

with all applicable requirements of this subpart. 

(7) If a site-specific monitoring plan includes a scrap 

inspection program for monitoring the scrap contaminant level of 

furnace feed/charge materials, the plan must include provisions 

for the demonstration and implementation of the program in 
78

accordance with all applicable requirements in paragraph (p) of 

this section. 

(8) If a site-specific monitoring plan includes a 

calculation method for monitoring the scrap contaminant level of 

furnace feed/charge materials, the plan must include provisions 

for the demonstration and implementation of the program in 

accordance with all applicable requirements in paragraph (q) of 

this section. 

(p) Scrap inspection program for group 1 furnace without 

add-on air pollution control devices. A scrap inspection program 

must include: 

(1) A proven method for collecting representative samples 

and measuring the oil and coatings content of scrap samples; 

(2) A scrap inspector training program; 

(3) An established correlation between visual inspection 

and physical measurement of oil and coatings content of scrap 

samples; 

(4) Periodic physical measurements of oil and coatings 

content of randomly-selected scrap samples and comparison with 

visual inspection results; 

(5) A system for assuring that only acceptable scrap is 

charged to an affected group 1 furnace; and 

(6) Recordkeeping requirements to document conformance with 

plan requirements. 
79

(q) Monitoring of scrap contamination level by calculation 

method for group 1 furnace without add-on air pollution control 

devices. The owner or operator of a group 1 furnace dedicated to 

processing a distinct type of furnace feed/charge composed of 

scrap with a uniform composition (such as rejected product from 

a manufacturing process for which the coating-to-scrap ratio can 

be documented) may include a program in the site-specific 

monitoring plan for determining, monitoring, and certifying the 

scrap contaminant level using a calculation method rather than a 

scrap inspection program. A scrap contaminant monitoring program 

using a calculation method must include: 

(1) Procedures for the characterization and documentation 

of the contaminant level of the scrap prior to the performance 

test. 

(2) Limitations on the furnace feed/charge to scrap of the 

same composition as that used in the performance test. If the 

performance test was conducted with a mixture of scrap and clean 

charge, limitations on the proportion of scrap in the furnace 

feed/charge to no greater than the proportion used during the 

performance test. 

(3) Operating, monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting 

requirements to ensure that no scrap with a contaminant level 

higher than that used in the performance test is charged to the 

furnace. 
80

(r) Group 2 furnace. These requirements apply to the owner 

or operator of a new or existing group 2 furnace. The owner or 

operator must: 

(1) Record a description of the materials charged to each 

furnace, including any nonreactive, non-HAP-containing/non-HAPgenerating fluxing materials or agents. 

(2) Submit a certification of compliance with the 

applicable operational standard for charge materials in 

§63.1506(o) for each 6-month reporting period. Each 

certification must contain the information in §63.1516(b)(2)(v). 

(s) Site-specific requirements for secondary aluminum 

processing units. (1) An owner or operator of a secondary 

aluminum processing unit at a facility must include, within the 

OM&M plan prepared in accordance with §63.1510(b), the following 

information: 

(i) The identification of each emission unit in the 

secondary aluminum processing unit; 

(ii) The specific control technology or pollution 

prevention measure to be used for each emission unit in the 

secondary aluminum processing unit and the date of its 

installation or application; 

(iii) The emission limit calculated for each secondary 

aluminum processing unit and performance test results with 
81

supporting calculations demonstrating initial compliance with 

each applicable emission limit; 

(iv) Information and data demonstrating compliance for each 

emission unit with all applicable design, equipment, work 

practice or operational standards of this subpart; and

(v) The monitoring requirements applicable to each emission 

unit in a secondary aluminum processing unit and the monitoring 

procedures for daily calculation of the 3-day, 24-hour rolling 

average using the procedure in §63.1510(t). 

(2) The SAPU compliance procedures within the OM&M plan may 

not contain any of the following provisions: 

(i) Any averaging among emissions of differing pollutants; 

(ii) The inclusion of any affected sources other than 

emission units in a secondary aluminum processing unit; 

(iii) The inclusion of any emission unit while it is 

shutdown; or

(iv) The inclusion of any periods of startup or shutdown in 

emission calculations. 

(3) To revise the SAPU compliance provisions within the 

OM&M plan prior to the end of the permit term, the owner or 

operator must submit a request to the permitting authority for 

major sources, or the Administrator for area sources containing 

the information required by paragraph (s)(1) of this section and 

obtain approval of the permitting authority for major sources, 
82

or the Administrator for area sources prior to implementing any 

revisions. 

(t) Secondary aluminum processing unit. Except as provided 

in paragraph (u) of this section, the owner or operator must 

calculate and record the 3-day, 24-hour rolling average 

emissions of PM, HCl, and D/F (and HF for uncontrolled group 1 

furnaces) for each secondary aluminum processing unit on a daily 

basis. To calculate the 3-day, 24-hour rolling average, the 

owner or operator must: 

(1) Calculate and record the total weight of material 

charged to each emission unit in the secondary aluminum 

processing unit for each 24-hour day of operation using the 

feed/charge weight information required in paragraph (e) of this 

section. If the owner or operator chooses to comply on the basis 

of weight of aluminum produced by the emission unit, rather than 

weight of material charged to the emission unit, all performance 

test emissions results and all calculations must be conducted on 

the aluminum production weight basis. 

(2) Multiply the total feed/charge weight to the emission 

unit, or the weight of aluminum produced by the emission unit, 

for each emission unit for the 24-hour period by the emission 

rate (in lb/ton of feed/charge) for that emission unit (as 

determined during the performance test) to provide emissions for 

each emission unit for the 24-hour period, in pounds. 
83

(i) Where no performance test has been conducted, for a 

particular emission unit, because the owner of operator has, 

with the approval of the permitting authority for major sources, 

or the Administrator for area sources, chosen to determine the 

emission rate of an emission unit by testing a representative 

unit, in accordance with § 63.1511(f), the owner or operator 

shall use the emission rate determined from the representative 

unit in the SAPU emission rate calculation required in 

§ 63.1510(t)(4).

(ii) Except as provided in paragraph (t)(2)(iii) of this 

section, if the owner or operator has not conducted performance 

tests for HCl (and HF for an uncontrolled group 1 furnace) or 

for HCl for an in-line fluxer, in accordance with the provisions 

of § 63.1512(d)(3), (e)(3), or (h)(2), the calculation required 

in § 63.1510(t)(4) to determine SAPU-wide HCl and HF emissions 

shall be made under the assumption that all chlorine contained 

in reactive flux added to the emission unit is emitted as HCl 

and all fluorine contained in reactive flux added to the 

emission unit is emitted as HF.

(iii) Prior to the date by which the initial performance 

test for HF emissions from uncontrolled group 1 furnaces is 

conducted, or is required to be conducted, the calculation 

required in § 63.1505(k) to determine the SAPU-wide HF emission 

limit and the calculation required in § 63.1510(t)(4) to 
84

determine the SAPU-wide HF emission rate must exclude HF 

emissions from untested uncontrolled group 1 furnaces and 

feed/charge processed in untested uncontrolled group 1 furnaces.

(3) Divide the total emissions for each SAPU for the 24-

hour period by the total material charged to the SAPU, or the 

weight of aluminum produced by the SAPU over the 24-hour period 

to provide the daily emission rate for the SAPU. 

(4) Compute the 24-hour daily emission rate using 

Equation 4:

 











 n

i

i

n

i

i i

day

T

T ER

E

1

1 (Eq. 4)

Where,

Eday = The daily PM, HCl, or D/F (and HF for uncontrolled group 

1 furnaces) emission rate for the secondary aluminum processing 

unit for the 24-hour period;

Ti = The total amount of feed, or aluminum produced, for 

emission unit i for the 24-hour period (tons or Mg);

ERi = The measured emission rate for emission unit i as 

determined in the performance test (lb/ton or μg/Mg of 

feed/charge); and 

n = The number of emission units in the secondary aluminum 

processing unit.
85

(5) Calculate and record the 3-day, 24-hour rolling average 

for each pollutant each day by summing the daily emission rates 

for each pollutant over the 3 most recent consecutive days and 

dividing by 3. The SAPU is in compliance with an applicable 

emission limit if the 3-day, 24-hour rolling average for each 

pollutant is no greater than the applicable SAPU emission limit 

determined in accordance with § 63.1505(k)(1)-(3).

(u) Secondary aluminum processing unit compliance by 

individual emission unit demonstration. As an alternative to the 

procedures of paragraph (t) of this section, an owner or 

operator may demonstrate, through performance tests, that each 

individual emission unit within the secondary aluminum 

production unit is in compliance with the applicable emission 

limits for the emission unit. 

(v) Alternative monitoring method for lime addition. The 

owner or operator of a lime-coated fabric filter that employs 

intermittent or noncontinuous lime addition may apply to the 

Administrator for approval of an alternative method for 

monitoring the lime addition schedule and rate based on 

monitoring the weight of lime added per ton of feed/charge for 

each operating cycle or time period used in the performance 

test. An alternative monitoring method will not be approved 

unless the owner or operator provides assurance through data and 
86

information that the affected source will meet the relevant 

emission standards on a continuous basis. 

(w) Alternative monitoring methods. If an owner or operator 

wishes to use an alternative monitoring method to demonstrate 

compliance with any emission standard in this subpart, other 

than those alternative monitoring methods which may be 

authorized pursuant to §63.1510(j)(5) and §63.1510(v), the owner 

or operator may submit an application to the Administrator. Any 

such application will be processed according to the criteria and 

procedures set forth in paragraphs (w)(1) through (6) of this 

section. 

(1) The Administrator will not approve averaging periods 

other than those specified in this section. 

(2) The owner or operator must continue to use the original 

monitoring requirement until necessary data are submitted and 

approval is received to use another monitoring procedure. 

(3) The owner or operator shall submit the application for 

approval of alternate monitoring methods no later than the 

notification of the performance test. The application must 

contain the information specified in paragraphs (w)(3) (i) 

through (iii) of this section: 

(i) Data or information justifying the request, such as the 

technical or economic infeasibility, or the impracticality of 

using the required approach; 
87

(ii) A description of the proposed alternative monitoring 

requirements, including the operating parameters to be 

monitored, the monitoring approach and technique, and how the 

limit is to be calculated; and 

(iii) Data and information documenting that the alternative 

monitoring requirement(s) would provide equivalent or better 

assurance of compliance with the relevant emission standard(s). 

(4) The Administrator will not approve an alternate 

monitoring application unless it would provide equivalent or 

better assurance of compliance with the relevant emission 

standard(s). Before disapproving any alternate monitoring 

application, the Administrator will provide: 

(i) Notice of the information and findings upon which the 

intended disapproval is based; and 

(ii) Notice of opportunity for the owner or operator to 

present additional supporting information before final action is 

taken on the application. This notice will specify how much 

additional time is allowed for the owner or operator to provide 

additional supporting information. 

(5) The owner or operator is responsible for submitting any 

supporting information in a timely manner to enable the 

Administrator to consider the application prior to the 

performance test. Neither submittal of an application nor the 

Administrator's failure to approve or disapprove the application 
88

relieves the owner or operator of the responsibility to comply 

with any provisions of this subpart. 

(6) The Administrator may decide at any time, on a case-bycase basis, that additional or alternative operating limits, or 

alternative approaches to establishing operating limits, are 

necessary to demonstrate compliance with the emission standards 

of this subpart. 

§63.1511 Performance test/compliance demonstration general 

requirements.

(a) Site-specific test plan. Prior to conducting any 

performance test required by this subpart, the owner or operator 

must prepare a site-specific test plan which satisfies all of 

the rule requirements, and must obtain approval of the plan 

pursuant to the procedures, set forth in §63.7. Performance 

tests shall be conducted under such conditions as the 

Administrator specifies to the owner or operator based on 

representative performance of the affected source for the period 

being tested. Upon request, the owner or operator shall make 

available to the Administrator such records as may be necessary 

to determine the conditions of performance tests.

(b) Initial performance test. Following approval of the 

site-specific test plan, the owner or operator must demonstrate 

initial compliance with each applicable emission, equipment, 

work practice, or operational standard for each affected source 
89

and emission unit, and report the results in the notification of 

compliance status report as described in §63.1515(b). The owner 

or operator of any affected source constructed before February 

14, 2012, for which an initial performance test is required to 

demonstrate compliance must conduct this initial performance 

test no later than the date for compliance established by 

§63.1501(a), (b) or (c). The owner or operator of any affected 

source constructed after February 14, 2012, for which an initial 

performance test is required must conduct this initial 

performance test within 180 days after the date for compliance 

established by §63.1501(e) or (f). Except for the date by which 

the performance test must be conducted, the owner or operator 

must conduct each performance test in accordance with the 

requirements and procedures set forth in §63.7(c). Owners or 

operators of affected sources located at facilities which are 

area sources are subject only to those performance testing 

requirements pertaining to D/F. Owners or operators of sweat 

furnaces meeting the specifications of §63.1505(f)(1) are not 

required to conduct a performance test.

(1) The performance test must be conducted under 

representative conditions expected to produce the highest level 

of HAP emissions expressed in the units of the emission 

standards for the HAP (considering the extent of feed/charge

contamination, reactive flux addition rate and feed/charge 
90

rate). If a single test condition is not expected to produce the 

highest level of emissions for all HAP, testing under two or 

more sets of conditions (for example high contamination at low 

feed/charge rate, and low contamination at high feed/charge 

rate) may be required. Any subsequent performance tests for the 

purposes of establishing new or revised parametric limits shall 

be allowed upon pre-approval from the permitting authority for 

major sources, or the Administrator for area sources. These new 

parametric settings shall be used to demonstrate compliance for 

the period being tested.

(2) Each performance test for a continuous process must 

consist of 3 separate runs; pollutant sampling for each run must 

be conducted for the time period specified in the applicable 

method or, in the absence of a specific time period in the test 

method, for a minimum of 3 hours. 

(3) Each performance test for a batch process must consist 

of three separate runs; pollutant sampling for each run must be 

conducted over the entire process operating cycle. Additionally, 

for batch processes where the length of the process operating 

cycle is not known in advance, and where isokinetic sampling 

must be conducted based on the procedures in Method 5 in 

appendix A to part 60, use the following procedure to ensure 

that sampling is conducted over the entire process operating 

cycle:
91

(i) Choose a minimum operating cycle length and begin 

sampling assuming this minimum length will be the run time 

(e.g., if the process operating cycle is known to last from four 

to six hours, then assume a sampling time of four hours and 

divide the sampling time evenly between the required number of 

traverse points);

(ii) After each traverse point has been sampled once, begin 

sampling each point again for the same time per point, in the 

reverse order, until the operating cycle is complete. All 

traverse points as required by Method 1 of appendix A to part 

60, must be sampled at least once during each test run; 

(iii) In order to distribute the sampling time most evenly 

over all the traverse points, do not perform all runs using the 

same sampling point order (e.g., if there are four ports and 

sampling for run 1 began in port 1, then sampling for run 2 

could begin in port 4 and continue in reverse order.)

(4) Where multiple affected sources or emission units are 

exhausted through a common stack, pollutant sampling for each 

run must be conducted over a period of time during which all 

affected sources or emission units complete at least 1 entire 

process operating cycle or for 24 hours, whichever is shorter. 

(5) Initial compliance with an applicable emission limit or 

standard is demonstrated if the average of three runs conducted 
92

during the performance test is less than or equal to the 

applicable emission limit or standard. 

(6) Apply paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section for 

each pollutant separately if a different production rate, charge 

material or, if applicable, reactive fluxing rate would apply 

and thereby result in a higher expected emissions rate for that 

pollutant.

(7) The owner or operator may not conduct performance tests 

during periods of malfunction.

(c) Test methods. The owner or operator must use the 

following methods in appendix A to 40 CFR part 60 to determine 

compliance with the applicable emission limits or standards: 

(1) Method 1 for sample and velocity traverses. 

(2) Method 2 for velocity and volumetric flow rate. 

(3) Method 3 for gas analysis. 

(4) Method 4 for moisture content of the stack gas. 

(5) Method 5 for the concentration of PM. 

(6) Method 9 for visible emission observations. 

(7) Method 23 for the concentration of D/F. 

(8) Method 25A for the concentration of THC, as propane. 

(9) Method 26A for the concentration of HCl and HF. Method 

26 may also be used, except at sources where entrained water 

droplets are present in the emission stream. Where a limeinjected fabric filter is used as the control device to comply 
93

with the 90 percent reduction standard, the owner or operator 

must measure the fabric filter inlet concentration of HCl at a 

point before lime is introduced to the system. 

(d) Alternative methods. The owner or operator may use 

alternative test methods as provided in paragraphs (1) through

(3) of this section. 

(1) The owner or operator may use test method ASTM D7520-13 

as an alternative to EPA Method 9 subject to conditions 

described in § 63.1510(f)(4).

(2) In lieu of conducting the annual flow rate measurements 

using Methods 1 and 2, the owner or operator may use Method 204 

in Appendix M to 40 CFR part 51 to conduct annual verification 

of a permanent total enclosure for the affected source/emission 

unit.

(3) The owner or operator may use an alternative test 

method approved by the Administrator.

(e) Repeat tests. The owner or operator of new or existing 

affected sources and emission units located at secondary 

aluminum production facilities that are major sources must 

conduct a performance test every 5 years following the initial 

performance test. 

(f) Testing of representative emission units. With the 

prior approval of the permitting authority for major sources, or 

the Administrator for area sources, an owner or operator may 
94

utilize emission rates obtained by testing a particular type of 

group 1 furnace that does not have an add-on air pollution

control device, or by testing an in-line flux box that does not 

have an add-on air pollution control device, to determine the 

emission rate for other units of the same type at the same 

facility. Such emission test results may only be considered to 

be representative of other units if all of the following 

criteria are satisfied: 

(1) The tested emission unit must use feed materials and 

charge rates which are comparable to the emission units that it 

represents; 

(2) The tested emission unit must use the same type of flux 

materials in the same proportions as the emission units it 

represents; 

(3) The tested emission unit must be operated utilizing the 

same work practices as the emission units that it represents; 

(4) The tested emission unit must be of the same design as 

the emission units that it represents; and 

(5) The tested emission unit must be tested under the 

highest load or capacity reasonably expected to occur for any of 

the emission units that it represents. 

(6) All 3 separate runs of a performance test must be 

conducted on the same emission unit.
95

(g) Establishment of monitoring and operating parameter 

values. The owner or operator of new or existing affected 

sources and emission units must establish a minimum or maximum 

operating parameter value, or an operating parameter range for 

each parameter to be monitored as required by §63.1510 that 

ensures compliance with the applicable emission limit or 

standard. To establish the minimum or maximum value or range, 

the owner or operator must use the appropriate procedures in 

this section and submit the information required by 

§63.1515(b)(4) in the notification of compliance status report. 

The owner or operator may use existing data in addition to the 

results of performance tests to establish operating parameter 

values for compliance monitoring provided each of the following 

conditions are met to the satisfaction of the permitting 

authority for major sources, or the Administrator for area 

sources: 

(1) The complete emission test report(s) used as the basis 

of the parameter(s) is submitted. 

(2) The same test methods and procedures as required by 

this subpart were used in the test. 

(3) The owner or operator certifies that no design or work 

practice changes have been made to the source, process, or 

emission control equipment since the time of the report. 
96

(4) All process and control equipment operating parameters 

required to be monitored were monitored as required in this 

subpart and documented in the test report. 

(5) If the owner or operator wants to conduct a new 

performance test and establish different operating parameter 

values, they must submit a revised site specific test plan and 

receive approval in accordance with paragraph (a) of this 

section. In addition, if an owner or operator wants to use 

existing data in addition to the results of the new performance 

test to establish operating parameter values, they must meet the 

requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (4) of this section.

(h) Testing of commonly-ducted units within a secondary 

aluminum processing unit. When group 1 furnaces and/or in-line 

fluxers are included in a single existing SAPU or new SAPU, and 

the emissions from more than one emission unit within that 

existing SAPU or new SAPU are manifolded to a single control 

device, compliance for all units within the SAPU is demonstrated 

if the total measured emissions from all controlled and 

uncontrolled units in the SAPU do not exceed the emission limits 

calculated for that SAPU based on the applicable equation in 

§63.1505(k). 

(i) Testing of commonly-ducted units not within a secondary 

aluminum processing unit. With the prior approval of the 

permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for 
97

area sources, an owner or operator may do combined performance 

testing of two or more individual affected sources or emission 

units which are not included in a single existing SAPU or new 

SAPU, but whose emissions are manifolded to a single control 

device. Any such performance testing of commonly-ducted units 

must satisfy the following basic requirements: 

(1) All testing must be designed to verify that each 

affected source or emission unit individually satisfies all 

emission requirements applicable to that affected source or 

emission unit; 

(2) All emissions of pollutants subject to a standard must 

be tested at the outlet from each individual affected source or 

emission unit while operating under the highest load or capacity 

reasonably expected to occur, and prior to the point that the 

emissions are manifolded together with emissions from other 

affected sources or emission units; 

(3) The combined emissions from all affected sources and 

emission units which are manifolded to a single emission control 

device must be tested at the outlet of the emission control 

device; 

(4) All tests at the outlet of the emission control device 

must be conducted with all affected sources and emission units 

whose emissions are manifolded to the control device operating 
98

simultaneously under the highest load or capacity reasonably 

expected to occur; and 

(5) For purposes of demonstrating compliance of a commonlyducted unit with any emission limit for a particular type of 

pollutant, the emissions of that pollutant by the individual 

unit shall be presumed to be controlled by the same percentage 

as total emissions of that pollutant from all commonly-ducted 

units are controlled at the outlet of the emission control 

device.

§63.1512 Performance test/compliance demonstration 

requirements and procedures.

(a) Aluminum scrap shredder. The owner or operator must 

conduct performance tests to measure PM emissions at the outlet 

of the control system. If visible emission observations is the 

selected monitoring option, the owner or operator must record 

visible emission observations from each exhaust stack for all 

consecutive 6-minute periods during the PM emission test 

according to the requirements of Method 9 in appendix A to 40 

CFR part 60. If emissions observations by ASTM Method D7520-13 

(incorporated by reference, see § 63.14) is the selected 

monitoring option, the owner or operator must record opacity 

observations from each exhaust stack for all consecutive 6-

minute periods during the PM emission test.
99

(b) Thermal chip dryer. The owner or operator must conduct 

a performance test to measure THC and D/F emissions at the 

outlet of the control device while the unit processes only 

unpainted aluminum chips. 

(c) Scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln. The owner 

or operator must conduct performance tests to measure emissions 

of THC, D/F, HCl, and PM at the outlet of the control device. 

(1) If the scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln is 

subject to the alternative emission limits in §63.1505(e), the 

average afterburner operating temperature in each 3-hour block 

period must be maintained at or above 760 °C (1400 °F) for the 

test. 

(2) The owner or operator of a scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln subject to the alternative limits in 

§63.1505(e) must submit a written certification in the 

notification of compliance status report containing the 

information required by §63.1515(b)(7). 

(d) Group 1 furnace with add-on air pollution control 

devices. (1) The owner or operator of a group 1 furnace that 

processes scrap other than clean charge materials with emissions 

controlled by a lime-injected fabric filter must conduct 

performance tests to measure emissions of PM and D/F at the 

outlet of the control device and emissions of HCl at the outlet 
100

(for the emission limit) or the inlet and the outlet (for the 

percent reduction standard). 

(2) The owner or operator of a group 1 furnace that 

processes only clean charge materials with emissions controlled 

by a lime-injected fabric filter must conduct performance tests 

to measure emissions of PM at the outlet of the control device 

and emissions of HCl at the outlet (for the emission limit) or 

the inlet and the outlet (for the percent reduction standard). 

(3) The owner or operator may choose to determine the rate 

of reactive flux addition to the group 1 furnace and assume, for 

the purposes of demonstrating compliance with the SAPU emission 

limit, that all reactive flux added to the group 1 furnace is 

emitted. Under these circumstances, the owner or operator is not 

required to conduct an emission test for HCl. 

(4) The owner or operator of a sidewell group 1 furnace 

that conducts reactive fluxing (except for cover flux) in the 

hearth, or that conducts reactive fluxing in the sidewell at 

times when the level of molten metal falls below the top of the 

passage between the sidewell and the hearth, must conduct the 

performance tests required by paragraph (d)(1) or (d)(2) of this 

section, to measure emissions from both the sidewell and the 

hearth. 

(e) Group 1 furnace (including melting holding furnaces) 

without add-on air pollution control devices. In the site-
101

specific monitoring plan required by §63.1510(o), the owner or 

operator of a group 1 furnace (including a melting/holding 

furnaces) without add-on air pollution control devices must 

include data and information demonstrating compliance with the 

applicable emission limits. 

(1) If the group 1 furnace processes other than clean 

charge material, the owner or operator must conduct emission 

tests to measure emissions of PM, HCl, HF, and D/F at the 

furnace exhaust outlet. 

(2) If the group 1 furnace processes only clean charge, the 

owner or operator must conduct emission tests to simultaneously 

measure emissions of PM, HCl and HF. A D/F test is not required. 

Each test must be conducted while the group 1 furnace (including 

a melting/holding furnace) processes only clean charge. 

(3) The owner or operator may choose to determine the rate 

of reactive flux addition to the group 1 furnace and assume, for 

the purposes of demonstrating compliance with the SAPU emission 

limit, that all chlorine and fluorine contained in reactive flux 

added to the group 1 furnace is emitted as HCl and HF. Under 

these circumstances, the owner or operator is not required to 

conduct an emission test for HCl or HF. 

(4) When testing an existing uncontrolled furnace, the 

owner or operator must comply with the requirements of either 
102

paragraphs (e)(4)(i), (ii) or (iii) of this section at the next 

required performance test required by § 63.1511(e).

(i) Install hooding that meets ACGIH Guidelines 

(incorporated by reference, see § 63.14), or

(ii) At least 180 days prior to testing petition the 

permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for 

area sources, that such hoods are impractical under the 

provisions of paragraph (e)(6) of this section and propose 

testing procedures that will minimize unmeasured emissions 

during the performance test according to the paragraph (e)(7) of 

this section, or

(iii) Assume an 80-percent capture efficiency for the 

furnace exhaust (i.e., multiply emissions measured at the 

furnace exhaust outlet by 1.25). If the source fails to 

demonstrate compliance using the 80-percent capture efficiency 

assumption, the owner or operator must re-test with a hood that 

meets the ACGIH Guidelines within 180 days, or petition the 

permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for 

area sources, within 180 days that such hoods are impractical 

under the provisions of paragraph (e)(6) of this section and 

propose testing procedures that will minimize unmeasured 

emissions during the performance test according to paragraph 

(e)(7) of this section.
103

(iv) The 80-percent capture efficiency assumption is not 

applicable in the event of testing conducted under an approved 

petition submitted pursuant to paragraphs (e)(4)(ii) or (iii) of 

this section. 

(v) Round top furnaces constructed before February 14, 

2012, and reconstructed round top furnaces are exempt from the 

requirements of paragraphs (e)(4)(i) and (ii) of this section. 

Round top furnaces must be operated to minimize unmeasured 

emissions according to paragraph (e)(7) of this section.

(5) When testing a new uncontrolled furnace constructed 

after February 14, 2012, the owner or operator must install 

hooding that meets ACGIH Guidelines (incorporated by reference, 

see § 63.14) or petition the permitting authority for major 

sources, or the Administrator for area sources, that such hoods 

are impracticable under the provisions of paragraph (e)(6) of 

this section and propose testing procedures that will minimize 

unmeasured emissions during the performance test according to 

the provisions of paragraph (e)(7).

(6) The installation of hooding that meets ACGIH 

Guidelines (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14) is 

considered impractical if any of the following conditions exist:

(i) Building or equipment obstructions (for example, wall, 

ceiling, roof, structural beams, utilities, overhead crane or 

other obstructions) are present such that the temporary hood 
104

cannot be located consistent with acceptable hood design and 

installation practices; 

(ii) Space limitations or work area constraints exist such 

that the temporary hood cannot be supported or located to 

prevent interference with normal furnace operations or avoid 

unsafe working conditions for the furnace operator; or

(iii) Other obstructions and limitations subject to 

agreement of the permitting authority for major sources, or the 

Administrator for area sources.

(7) Testing procedures that will minimize unmeasured 

emissions may include, but are not limited to the following:

(i) Installing a hood that does not entirely meet ACGIH 

guidelines;

(ii) Using the building as an enclosure, and measuring 

emissions exhausted from the building if there are no other 

furnaces or other significant sources in the building of the 

pollutants to be measured;

(iii) Installing temporary baffles on those sides or top of 

furnace opening if it is practical to do so where they will not 

interfere with material handling or with the furnace door 

opening and closing;

(iv) Minimizing the time the furnace doors are open or the 

top is off; 
105

(v) Delaying gaseous reactive fluxing until charging doors 

are closed and, for round top furnaces, until the top is on;

(vi) Agitating or stirring molten metal as soon as 

practicable after salt flux addition and closing doors as soon 

as possible after solid fluxing operations, including mixing and 

dross removal;

(vii) Keeping building doors and other openings closed to 

the greatest extent possible to minimize drafts that would 

divert emissions from being drawn into the furnace;

(viii) Maintaining burners on low-fire or pilot operation 

while the doors are open or the top is off;

(ix) Use of fans or other device to direct flow into a 

furnace when door is open; or

(x) Removing the furnace cover one time in order to add a 

smaller but representative charge and then replacing the cover.

(f) Sweat furnace. Except as provided in §63.1505(f)(1), 

the owner or operator must measure emissions of D/F from each 

sweat furnace at the outlet of the control device. 

(g) Dross-only furnace. The owner or operator must conduct 

a performance test to measure emissions of PM from each drossonly furnace at the outlet of each control device while the unit 

processes only dross and salt flux as the sole feedstock.

(h) In-line fluxer. (1) The owner or operator of an in-line 

fluxer that uses reactive flux materials must conduct a 
106

performance test to measure emissions of HCl and PM or otherwise 

demonstrate compliance in accordance with paragraph (h)(2) of 

this section. If the in-line fluxer is equipped with an add-on 

control device, the emissions must be measured at the outlet of 

the control device. 

(2) The owner or operator may choose to limit the rate at 

which reactive chlorine flux is added to an in-line fluxer and 

assume, for the purposes of demonstrating compliance with the 

SAPU emission limit, that all chlorine in the reactive flux 

added to the in-line fluxer is emitted as HCl. Under these 

circumstances, the owner or operator is not required to conduct 

an emission test for HCl. If the owner or operator of any inline flux box which has no ventilation ductwork manifolded to 

any outlet or emission control device chooses to demonstrate 

compliance with the emission limit for HCl by limiting use of 

reactive flux and assuming that all chlorine in the flux is 

emitted as HCl, compliance with the HCl limit shall also 

constitute compliance with the emission limit for PM, and no 

separate emission test for PM is required. In this case, the 

owner or operator of the unvented in-line flux box must use the 

maximum permissible PM emission rate for the in-line flux boxes 

when determining the total emissions for any SAPU which includes 

the flux box.
107

(i) Rotary dross cooler. The owner or operator must conduct 

a performance test to measure PM emissions at the outlet of the 

control device. 

(j) Secondary aluminum processing unit. The owner or 

operator must conduct performance tests as described in 

paragraphs (j)(1) through (3) of this section. The results of 

the performance tests are used to establish emission rates in 

lb/ton of feed/charge for PM, HCl and HF and μg TEQ/Mg of 

feed/charge for D/F emissions from each emission unit. These 

emission rates are used for compliance monitoring in the 

calculation of the 3-day, 24-hour rolling average emission rates 

using the equation in §63.1510(t). A performance test is 

required for: 

(1) Each group 1 furnace processing only clean charge to 

measure emissions of PM and either: 

(i) Emissions of HF and HCl (for determining the emission 

limit); or 

(ii) The mass flow rate of HCl at the inlet to and outlet 

from the control device (for the percent reduction standard). 

(2) Each group 1 furnace that processes scrap other than 

clean charge to measure emissions of PM and D/F and either: 

(i) Emissions of HF and HCl (for determining the emission 

limit); or 
108

(ii) The mass flow rate of HCl at the inlet to and outlet 

from the control device (for the percent reduction standard). 

(3) Each in-line fluxer to measure emissions of PM and HCl. 

(k) Feed/charge weight measurement. During the emission 

test(s) conducted to determine compliance with emission limits 

in a kg/Mg (lb/ton) format, the owner or operator of an affected 

source or emission unit, subject to an emission limit in a kg/Mg 

(lb/ton) of feed/charge format, must measure (or otherwise 

determine) and record the total weight of feed/charge to the 

affected source or emission unit for each of the three test runs 

and calculate and record the total weight. An owner or operator 

that chooses to demonstrate compliance on the basis of the 

aluminum production weight must measure the weight of aluminum 

produced by the emission unit or affected source instead of the 

feed/charge weight. 

(l) Continuous opacity monitoring system. The owner or 

operator of an affected source or emission unit using a 

continuous opacity monitoring system must conduct a performance 

evaluation to demonstrate compliance with Performance 

Specification 1 in appendix B to 40 CFR part 60. Following the 

performance evaluation, the owner or operator must measure and 

record the opacity of emissions from each exhaust stack for all 

consecutive 6-minute periods during the PM emission test. 
109

(m) Afterburner. These requirements apply to the owner or 

operator of an affected source using an afterburner to comply 

with the requirements of this subpart. 

(1) Prior to the initial performance test, the owner or 

operator must conduct a performance evaluation for the 

temperature monitoring device according to the requirements of 

§63.8. 

(2) The owner or operator must use these procedures to 

establish an operating parameter value or range for the 

afterburner operating temperature. 

(i) Continuously measure and record the operating 

temperature of each afterburner every 15 minutes during the THC 

and D/F performance tests; 

(ii) Determine and record the 15-minute block average 

temperatures for the three test runs; and 

(iii) Determine and record the 3-hour block average 

temperature measurements for the 3 test runs. 

(n) Inlet gas temperature. The owner or operator of a scrap 

dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln or a group 1 furnace 

using a lime-injected fabric filter must use these procedures to 

establish an operating parameter value or range for the inlet 

gas temperature. 
110

(1) Continuously measure and record the temperature at the 

inlet to the lime-injected fabric filter every 15 minutes during 

the HCl and D/F performance tests; 

(2) Determine and record the 15-minute block average 

temperatures for the 3 test runs; and 

(3) Determine and record the 3-hour block average of the 

recorded temperature measurements for the 3 test runs. 

(o) Flux injection rate. The owner or operator must use 

these procedures to establish an operating parameter value or 

range for the total reactive chlorine flux injection rate and, 

for uncontrolled furnaces, the total reactive fluorine flux 

injection rate. 

(1) Continuously measure and record the weight of gaseous 

or liquid reactive flux injected for each 15 minute period 

during the HCl, HF and D/F tests, determine and record the 15-

minute block average weights, and calculate and record the total 

weight of the gaseous or liquid reactive flux for the 3 test 

runs; 

(2) Record the identity, composition, and total weight of 

each addition of solid reactive flux for the 3 test runs; 

(3) Determine the total reactive chlorine flux injection 

rate and, for uncontrolled furnaces, the total reactive fluorine 

flux injection rate by adding the recorded measurement of the 

total weight of chlorine and, for uncontrolled furnaces, 
111

fluorine in the gaseous or liquid reactive flux injected and the 

total weight of chlorine and, for uncontrolled furnaces, 

fluorine in the solid reactive flux using Equation 5: 

Wt  F1W1  F2W2 (Eq. 5)

Where,

Wt = Total chlorine or fluorine usage, by weight; 

F1 = Fraction of gaseous or liquid flux that is chlorine or 

fluorine;

W1 = Weight of reactive flux gas injected; 

F2 = Fraction of solid reactive chloride flux that is chlorine 

(e.g., F = 0.75 for magnesium chloride) or fraction of solid 

reactive fluoride flux that is fluorine (e.g., F = 0.33 for 

potassium fluoride); and 

W2 = Weight of solid reactive flux;

(4) Divide the weight of total chlorine or fluorine usage 

(Wt) for the 3 test runs by the recorded measurement of the 

total weight of feed for the 3 test runs; and

(5) If a solid reactive flux other than magnesium chloride

or potassium fluoride is used, the owner or operator must derive 

the appropriate proportion factor subject to approval by the 

permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for 

area sources. 

(p) Lime injection. The owner or operator of an affected 

source or emission unit using a lime-injected fabric filter 
112

system must use these procedures during the HCl and D/F tests to 

establish an operating parameter value for the feeder setting 

for each operating cycle or time period used in the performance 

test. 

(1) For continuous lime injection systems, ensure that lime 

in the feed hopper or silo is free-flowing at all times; and 

(2) Record the feeder setting and lime injection rate for 

the 3 test runs. If the feed rate setting and lime injection 

rates vary between the runs, determine and record the average 

feed rate from the 3 runs. 

(q) Bag leak detection system. The owner or operator of an 

affected source or emission unit using a bag leak detection 

system must submit the information described in § 63.1515(b)(6) 

as part of the notification of compliance status report to 

document conformance with the specifications and requirements in 

§ 63.1510(f). 

(r) Labeling. The owner or operator of each scrap 

dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln, group 1 furnace, group 2 

furnace and in-line fluxer must submit the information described 

in §63.1515(b)(3) as part of the notification of compliance 

status report to document conformance with the operational 

standard in § 63.1506(b). 

(s) Capture/collection system. The owner or operator of a 

new or existing affected source or emission unit with an add-on 
113

control device must submit the information described in 

§63.1515(b)(2) as part of the notification of compliance status 

report to document conformance with the operational standard in 

§63.1506(c).

§63.1513 Equations for determining compliance.

(a) THC emission limit. Use Equation 6 to determine 

compliance with an emission limit for THC:

6

1 2

 10

   



M P

C MW Q K K

E

v

(Eq. 6)

Where,

E = Emission rate of measured pollutant, kg/Mg (lb/ton) of feed; 

C = Measured volume fraction of pollutant, ppmv; 

MW = Molecular weight of measured pollutant, g/g-mole (lb/lbmole): THC (as propane) = 44.11; 

Q = Volumetric flow rate of exhaust gases, dscm/hr (dscf/hr); 

K1 = Conversion factor, 1 kg/1,000 g (1 lb/lb); 

K2 = Conversion factor, 1,000 L/m3 (1 ft3/ft3); 

Mv = Molar volume, 24.45 L/g-mole (385.3 ft3/lb-mole); and 

P = Production rate, Mg/hr (ton/hr).

(b) PM, HCl, HF and D/F emission limits. (1) Use Equation 7 

of this section to determine compliance with an emission limit 

for PM, HCl or HF:

P

C Q K

E

  1  (Eq. 7)

Where:
114

E = Emission rate of PM, HCl or HF, kg/Mg (lb/ton) of feed;

C = Concentration of PM, HCl or HF, g/dscm (gr/dscf);

Q = Volumetric flow rate of exhaust gases, dscm/hr (dscf/hr);

K1 = Conversion factor, 1 kg/1,000 g (1 lb/7,000 gr); and

P = Production rate, Mg/hr (ton/hr).

(2) Use Equation 7A of this section to determine compliance 

with an emission limit for D/F:

P

C Q

E



 (Eq. 7A)

Where:

E = Emission rate of D/F, μg/Mg (gr/ton) of feed;

C = Concentration of D/F, μg/dscm (gr/dscf);

Q = Volumetric flow rate of exhaust gases, dscm/hr (dscf/hr); 

and

P = Production rate, Mg/hr (ton/hr).

(c) HCl percent reduction standard. Use Equation 8 to 

determine compliance with an HCl percent reduction standard: 

% 100 

i

i o

L

L L

R (Eq. 8)

Where,

%R = Percent reduction of the control device; 

Li = Inlet loading of pollutant, kg/Mg (lb/ton); and 

Lo = Outlet loading of pollutant, kg/Mg (lb/ton).

(d) Conversion of D/F measurements to TEQ units. To convert 

D/F measurements to TEQ units, the owner or operator must use 
115

the procedures and equations in Interim Procedures for 

Estimating Risks Associated with Exposures to Mixtures of 

Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins and -Dibenzofurans (CDDs and CDFs) 

and 1989 Update, incorporated by reference see § 63.14.

(e) Secondary aluminum processing unit. Use the procedures 

in paragraphs (e)(1), (2), and (3) or the procedure in paragraph 

(e)(4) of this section to determine compliance with emission 

limits for a secondary aluminum processing unit. 

(1) Use Equation 9 to compute the mass-weighted PM 

emissions for a secondary aluminum processing unit. Compliance 

is achieved if the mass-weighted emissions for the secondary 

aluminum processing unit (EcPM) is less than or equal to the 

emission limit for the secondary aluminum processing unit (LcPM) 

calculated using Equation 1 in §63.1505(k). 

 

 









 n

i

ti

n

i

ti ti

C

T

E T

E

PM

PM

1

1 (Eq. 9)

Where,

EcPM = The mass-weighted PM emissions for the secondary aluminum 

processing unit; 

EtiPM = Measured PM emissions for individual emission unit, or 

group of co-controlled emission units, i; 

Tti = The average feed rate for individual emission unit i during 

the operating cycle or performance test period, or the sum of 
116

the average feed rates for all emission units in the group of 

co-controlled emission units i; and 

n = The number of emission units, and groups of co-controlled 

emission units in the secondary aluminum processing unit.

(2) Use Equation 10 to compute the aluminum mass-weighted 

HCl or HF emissions for the secondary aluminum processing unit. 

Compliance is achieved if the mass-weighted emissions for the 

secondary aluminum processing unit (EcHCl) is less than or equal 

to the emission limit for the secondary aluminum processing unit 

(LcHCl) calculated using Equation 2 in § 63.1505(k). 

 

 









 n

i

ti

n

i

ti ti

C

T

E T

E

HCl HF

HCl HF

1

1

/

/

(Eq. 10)

Where,

EcHCl/HF = The mass-weighted HCl or HF emissions for the secondary 

aluminum processing unit; and 

EtiHCl/HF = Measured HCl or HF emissions for individual emission 

unit, or group of co-controlled emission units i.

(3) Use Equation 11 to compute the aluminum mass-weighted 

D/F emissions for the secondary aluminum processing unit. 

Compliance is achieved if the mass-weighted emissions for the 

secondary aluminum processing unit is less than or equal to the 

emission limit for the secondary aluminum processing unit (LcD/F) 

calculated using Equation 3 in § 63.1505(k). 
117

 











 n

i

ti

n

i

ti ti

C

T

E T

E

D F

D F

1

1

( )

/

/

(Eq. 11)

Where,

EcD/F = The mass-weighted D/F emissions for the secondary aluminum 

processing unit; and 

EtiD/F = Measured D/F emissions for individual emission unit, or 

group of co-controlled emission units i.

(4) As an alternative to using the equations in paragraphs 

(e)(1), (2), and (3) of this section, the owner or operator may 

demonstrate compliance for a secondary aluminum processing unit 

by demonstrating that each existing group 1 furnace is in 

compliance with the emission limits for a new group 1 furnace in 

§63.1505(i) and that each existing in-line fluxer is in 

compliance with the emission limits for a new in-line fluxer in 

§63.1505(j). 

(f) Periods of startup and shutdown. For a new or existing 

affected source, or a new or existing emission unit subject to 

an emissions limit in paragraphs § 63.1505(b) through (j) 

expressed in units of pounds per ton of feed/charge, or μg TEQ 

or ng TEQ per Mg of feed/charge, demonstrate compliance during 

periods of startup and shutdown in accordance with paragraph 

(f)(1) of this section or determine your emissions per unit of 

feed/charge during periods of startup and shutdown in accordance 
118

with paragraph (f)(2) of this section. Startup and shutdown 

emissions for group 1 furnaces and in-line fluxers must be 

calculated individually, and not on the basis of a SAPU. Periods 

of startup and shutdown are excluded from the calculation of 

SAPU emission limits in § 63.1505(k), the SAPU monitoring 

requirements in § 63.1510(t) and the SAPU emissions calculations 

in § 63.1513(e).

(1) For periods of startup and shutdown, records 

establishing a feed/charge rate of zero, a flux rate of zero, 

and that the affected source or emission unit was either heated 

with electricity, propane or natural gas as the sole sources of 

heat or was not heated, may be used to demonstrate compliance 

with the emission limit, or

(2) For periods of startup and shutdown, divide your 

measured emissions in lb/hr or μg/hr or ng/hr by the feed/charge 

rate in tons/hr or Mg/hr from your most recent performance test 

associated with a production rate greater than zero, or the 

rated capacity of the affected source if no prior performance 

test data is available.

§63.1514 Change of Furnace Classification.

The requirements of this section are in addition to the 

other requirements of this subpart that apply to group 1 and 

group 2 furnaces.
119

(a) Changing from a group 1 controlled furnace processing

other than clean charge to group 1 uncontrolled furnace 

processing other than clean charge. An owner or operator wishing 

to change operating modes must conduct performance tests in 

accordance with §§ 63.1511 and 63.1512 to demonstrate to the 

permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for 

area sources that compliance can be achieved under both modes. 

Operating parameters relevant to each mode of operation must be 

established during the performance test.

(1) Operators of major sources must conduct performance 

tests for PM, HCl and D/F, according to the procedures in 

§ 63.1512(d) with the capture system and control device 

operating normally if compliance has not been previously 

demonstrated in this operating mode. Performance tests must be 

repeated at least once every 5 years to demonstrate compliance 

for each operating mode.

(i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in 

accordance with § 63.1511(b)(1) in the controlled mode.

(ii) Operating parameters must be established during these 

tests, as required by § 63.1511(g). 

(iii) The emission factors for this mode of operation for 

use in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits 

for SAPUs specified in § 63.1505(k) must be determined.
120

(2) Operators of major sources must conduct performance 

tests for PM, HCl, HF and D/F, according to the procedures in 

§ 63.1512(e) without operating a control device if compliance 

has not been previously demonstrated for this operating mode. 

Performance tests must be repeated at least once every 5 years 

to demonstrate compliance foreach operating mode.

(i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in 

accordance with § 63.1511(b)(1) in the uncontrolled mode.

(ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with 

furnace emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of 

§ 63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.

(iii) Operating parameters representing uncontrolled 

operation must be established during these tests, as required by 

§ 63.1511(g). For furnaces in batch (cyclic) operation, the 

number of tap-to-tap cycles (including zero, if none) elapsed 

using the feed/charge type, feed/charge rate and flux rate must 

be established as a parameter to be met before changing to 

uncontrolled mode. For furnaces in continuous (non-cyclic) 

operation, the time period elapsed (including no time, if none) 

using the feed/charge type, feed/charge rate and flux rate must 

be established as a parameter to be met before changing to 

uncontrolled mode. 
121

(iv) The emission factors for this mode of operation for 

use in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits 

for SAPUs specified in § 63.1505(k) must be determined.

(3) Operators of area sources must conduct performance 

tests for D/F, according to the procedures in § 63.1512(d) with 

the capture system and control device operating normally, if 

compliance has not been previously demonstrated for this 

operating mode.

(i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in 

accordance with § 63.1511(b)(1) in the controlled mode.

(ii) Operating parameters must be established during these 

tests, as required by § 63.1511(g).

(iii) The D/F emission factor for this mode of operation 

for use in the demonstration of compliance with the emission 

limits for SAPUs specified in § 63.1505(k) must be determined.

(4) Operators of area sources must conduct performance 

tests for D/F, according to the procedures in § 63.1512(e) 

without operating a control device, if compliance has not been 

previously demonstrated for this operating mode.

(i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in 

accordance with § 63.1511(b)(1). 

(ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with 

furnace emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of 

§ 63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.
122

(iii) Operating parameters representing uncontrolled 

operation must be established during these tests, as required by 

§ 63.1511(g). For furnaces in batch (cyclic) operation, the 

number of tap-to-tap cycles (including zero, if none) elapsed 

using the feed/charge type, feed/charge rate and flux rate must 

be established as a parameter to be met before changing to 

uncontrolled mode. For furnaces in continuous (non-cyclic) 

operation, the time period elapsed (including no time, if none)

using the feed/charge type, feed/charge rate and flux rate must 

be established as a parameter to be met before changing to 

uncontrolled mode. 

(iv) The D/F emission factor for this mode of operation for 

use in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits 

for SAPUs specified in § 63.1505(k) must be determined.

(5) To change modes of operation from uncontrolled to 

controlled, the owner or operator must perform the following, 

before charging scrap to the furnace that exceeds the 

contaminant level established for uncontrolled mode:

(i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect controlled 

operation;

(ii) Direct the furnace emissions to the control device; 

(iii) Turn on the control device and begin lime addition to 

the control device at the rate established for controlled mode; 

and
123

(iv) Ensure the control device is operating properly.

(6) To change modes of operation from controlled to 

uncontrolled, the owner or operator must perform the following, 

before turning off or bypassing the control device:

(i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect uncontrolled 

operation; 

(ii) Charge scrap with a level of contamination no greater 

than that used in the performance test for uncontrolled furnaces 

for the number of tap-to-tap cycles that elapsed (or, for 

continuously operated furnaces, the time elapsed) before the 

uncontrolled mode performance test was conducted; and

(iii) Decrease the flux addition rate to no higher than the 

flux addition rate used in the uncontrolled mode performance 

test.

(7) In addition to the recordkeeping requirements of 

§ 63.1517, the owner or operator must maintain records of the 

nature of each mode change (controlled to uncontrolled, or 

uncontrolled to controlled), the time the change is initiated, 

and the time the exhaust gas is diverted from control device to 

bypass or bypass to control device.

(b) Changing from a group 1 controlled furnace processing 

other than clean charge to a group 1 uncontrolled furnace 

processing clean charge. An owner or operator wishing to change 

operating modes must conduct performance tests in accordance 
124

with §§ 63.1511 and 63.1512 to demonstrate to the permitting 

authority for major sources, or the Administrator for area 

sources that compliance can be achieved in both modes. Operating 

parameters relevant to each mode of operation must be 

established during the performance test.

(1) Operators of major sources must conduct performance 

tests for PM, HCl and D/F, according to the procedures in 

§ 63.1512(d) with the capture system and control device 

operating normally if compliance has not been previously 

demonstrated in this operating mode. Performance tests must be 

repeated at least once every 5 years to demonstrate compliance 

for each operating mode.

(i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in 

accordance with § 63.1511(b)(1) in the controlled mode.

(ii) Operating parameters must be established during these 

tests, as required by § 63.1511(g).

(iii) The emission factors for this mode of operation for 

use in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits 

for SAPUs specified in §63.1505(k) must be determined.

(2) Operators of major sources must conduct performance 

tests for PM, HCl, HF and D/F, according to the procedures in 

§ 63.1512(e) without operating a control device if compliance 

has not been previously demonstrated for this operating mode. 
125

Performance tests must be repeated at least once every 5 years 

to demonstrate compliance for each operating mode.

(i) Testing under this paragraph may be conducted at any 

time after operation with clean charge has commenced. 

(ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with 

furnace emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of 

§ 63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.

(iii) Operating parameters representing uncontrolled 

operation must be established during these tests, as required by 

§ 63.1511(g). For furnaces in batch (cyclic) operation, the 

number of tap-to-tap cycles (including zero, if none) elapsed 

using the feed/charge type, feed/charge rate and flux rate must 

be established as a parameter to be met before changing to 

uncontrolled mode. For furnaces in continuous (non-cyclic) 

operation, the time period elapsed (including no time if none)

using the feed/charge type, feed/charge rate and flux rate must 

be established as a parameter to be met before changing to 

uncontrolled mode. 

(iv) Emissions of D/F during this test must not exceed 1.5 

μg TEQ/Mg of feed/charge.

(v) The emission factors for this mode of operation for use 

in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits for 

SAPUs specified in § 63.1505(k), must be determined.
126

(3) Operators of area sources must conduct performance 

tests for D/F, according to the procedures in § 63.1512(d) with 

the capture system and control device operating normally, if 

compliance has not been previously demonstrated for this 

operating mode.

(i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in 

accordance with § 63.1511(b)(1).

(ii) Operating parameters must be established during these 

tests, as required by § 63.1511(g).

(iii) The D/F emission factor for this mode of operation 

for use in the demonstration of compliance with the emission 

limits for SAPUs specified in § 63.1505(k) must be determined.

(4) Operators of area sources must conduct performance 

tests for D/F, according to the procedures in § 63.1512(e) 

without operating a control device if compliance has not been 

previously demonstrated for this operating mode.

(i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted at any 

time after operation with clean charge has commenced and must be 

conducted in accordance with § 63.1511(b)(1) and under 

representative conditions expected to produce the highest level 

of D/F in the uncontrolled mode.

(ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with 

furnace emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of 

§ 63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.
127

(iii) Operating parameters representing uncontrolled 

operation must be established during these tests, as required by 

§ 63.1511(g). For furnaces in batch (cyclic) operation, the 

number of tap-to-tap cycles elapsed (including zero, if none)

using the feed/charge type, feed/charge rate and flux rate must 

be established as a parameter to be met before changing to 

uncontrolled mode. For furnaces in continuous (non-cyclic) 

operation, the time period elapsed (including no time, if none)

using the feed/charge type, feed/charge rate and flux rate must 

be established as a parameter to be met before changing to 

uncontrolled mode. 

(iv) Emissions of D/F during this test must not exceed 1.5

μg TEQ/Mg of feed/charge.

(5) To change modes of operation from uncontrolled to 

controlled, the owner or operator must perform the following, 

before charging scrap to the furnace that exceeds the 

contaminant level established for uncontrolled mode:

(i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect controlled 

operation;

(ii) Direct the furnace emissions to the control device; 

(iii) Turn on the control device and begin lime addition to 

the control device at the rate established for controlled mode; 

and

(iv) Ensure the control device is operating properly.
128

(6) To change modes of operation from controlled to 

uncontrolled, the owner or operator must perform the following, 

before turning off or bypassing the control device:

(i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect uncontrolled 

operation; 

(ii) Charge clean charge for the number of tap-to-tap 

cycles that elapsed (or, for continuously operated furnaces, the 

time elapsed) before the uncontrolled mode performance test was 

conducted; and

(iii) Decrease the flux addition rate to no higher than the 

flux addition rate used in the uncontrolled mode performance 

test.

(7) In addition to the recordkeeping requirements of 

§ 63.1517, the owner or operator must maintain records of the 

nature of each mode change (controlled to uncontrolled, or 

uncontrolled to controlled), the time the furnace operating mode 

change is initiated, and the time the exhaust gas is diverted 

from control device to bypass or from bypass to control device.

(c) Changing from a group 1 controlled or uncontrolled 

furnace to a group 2 furnace. An owner or operator wishing to 

change operating modes must conduct performance tests in 

accordance with §§ 63.1511 and 63.1512 to demonstrate to the 

permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for 

area sources that compliance can be achieved under both modes
129

and establish the number of cycles (or time) of operation with 

clean charge and no reactive flux addition necessary before 

changing to group 2 mode. Operating parameters relevant to group 

1 operation must be established during the performance test.

(1) Operators of major sources must conduct performance 

tests for PM, HCl and D/F (and HF for uncontrolled group 1 

furnaces) according to the procedures in §63.1512 if compliance 

has not been previously demonstrated for the operating mode. 

Controlled group 1 furnaces must conduct performance tests

according to the procedures in § 63.1512(d) with the capture 

system and control device operating normally. Uncontrolled group 

1 furnaces must conduct performance tests according to the 

procedures in § 63.1512(e) without operating a control device.

Performance tests must be repeated at least once every 5 years 

to demonstrate compliance for each operating mode.

(i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in 

accordance with § 63.1511(b)(1) in both modes.

(ii) Operating parameters must be established during these 

tests, as required by § 63.1511(g).

(iii) The emission factors for this mode of operation for 

use in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits 

for SAPUs specified in § 63.1505(k) must be determined.

(2) While in compliance with the operating requirements of 

§ 63.1506(o) for group 2 furnaces, operators of major sources 
130

must conduct performance tests for PM, HCl, HF and D/F, 

according to the procedures in § 63.1512(e) without operating a 

control device if compliance has not been previously 

demonstrated for this operating mode. Performance tests must be 

repeated at least once every 5 years to demonstrate compliance 

for each operating mode.

(i) Testing under this paragraph may be conducted at any 

time after the furnace has commenced operation with clean charge 

and without reactive flux addition.

(ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with 

furnace emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of 

§ 63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.

(iii) Owners or operators must demonstrate that emissions 

are no greater than:

(A) 1.5 μg D/F (TEQ) per Mg of feed/charge;

(B) 0.040 lb HCl or HF per ton of feed/charge; and

(C) 0.040 lb PM per ton of feed/charge.

(iv) The number of tap-to-tap cycles, or time elapsed 

between starting operation with clean charge and no reactive 

flux addition and the group 2 furnace performance test must be

established as an operating parameter to be met before changing 

to group 2 mode. 

(3) Operators of area sources must conduct a performance 

tests for D/F, according to the procedures in § 63.1512 if 
131

compliance has not been previously demonstrated for the

operating mode. Controlled group 1 furnaces must conduct 

performance tests according to the procedures in § 63.1512(d)

with the capture system and control device operating normally.

Uncontrolled group 1 furnaces must conduct performance tests 

according to the procedures in § 63.1512(e) without operating a 

control device.

(i) The performance tests must be conducted in accordance 

with § 63.1511(b)(1) under representative conditions expected to 

produce the highest expected level of D/F in the group 1 mode.

(ii) Operating parameters must be established during these 

tests, as required by § 63.1511(g).

(iii) The D/F emission factor for this mode of operation, 

for use in the demonstration of compliance with the emission 

limits for SAPUs specified in § 63.1505(k) must be determined.

(4) While in compliance with the operating requirements of 

§ 63.1506(o) for group 2 furnaces, operators of area sources 

must conduct performance tests for D/F, according to the 

procedures in § 63.1512(e) without operating a control device if 

compliance has not been previously demonstrated for this 

operating mode.

(i) Testing under this paragraph may be conducted at any 

time after the furnace has commenced operation with clean 

charge, and without reactive flux addition.
132

(ii) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted with 

furnace emissions captured in accordance with the provisions of 

§ 63.1506(c) and directed to the stack or vent tested.

(iii) Owners or operators must demonstrate that emissions 

are no greater than 1.5 μg D/F (TEQ) per Mg of feed/charge.

(iv) The number of tap-to-tap cycles, or time elapsed 

between starting operation with clean charge and no reactive 

flux and the group 2 furnace performance tests must be

established as an operating parameter to be met before changing 

to group 2 mode. 

(5) To change modes of operation from a group 2 furnace to 

a group 1 furnace, the owner or operator must perform the 

following before adding other than clean charge and before 

adding reactive flux to the furnace: 

(i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect group 1 

operation; 

(ii) Direct the furnace emissions to the control device, if 

it is equipped with a control device; 

(iii) If the furnace is equipped with a control device, 

turn on the control device and begin lime addition to the 

control device at the rate established for group 1 mode; and

(iv) Ensure the control device is operating properly.
133

(6) To change mode of operation from a group 1 furnace to 

group 2 furnace, the owner or operator must perform the 

following, before turning off or bypassing the control device:

(i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect group 2 

operation; 

(ii) Charge clean charge for the number of tap-to-tap 

cycles that elapsed (or, for continuously operated furnaces, the 

time elapsed) before the group 2 performance test was conducted; 

and,

(iii) Use no reactive flux.

(7) In addition to the recordkeeping requirements of 

§ 63.1517, the owner or operator must maintain records of the 

nature of each mode change (controlled or uncontrolled to group 

2), the time the change is initiated, and the time the exhaust 

gas is diverted from control device to bypass or from bypass to 

control device.

(d) Changing from a group 1 controlled or uncontrolled 

furnace to group 2 furnace, for tilting reverberatory furnaces 

capable of completely removing furnace contents between batches. 

An owner or operator of a tilting reverberatory furnace capable 

of completely removing furnace contents between batches who

wishes to change operating modes must conduct performance tests

in accordance with §§ 63.1511 and 63.1512 to demonstrate to the 

permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for 
134

area sources that compliance can be achieved under group 1 

modes. Operating parameters relevant to group 1 operation must 

be established during the performance test.

(1) Operators of major sources must conduct performance 

tests for PM, HCl, and D/F (and HF for uncontrolled furnaces)

according to the procedures in § 63.1512 if compliance has not 

been previously demonstrated for this operating mode. Controlled 

group 1 furnaces must conduct performance tests with the capture 

system and control device operating normally if compliance has 

not been previously demonstrated for the operating mode. 

Controlled group 1 furnaces must conduct performance tests 

according to the procedures in § 63.1512(d) with the capture 

system and control device operating normally. Uncontrolled group 

1 furnaces must conduct performance tests according to the 

procedures in § 63.1512(e) without operating a control device.

Performance tests must be repeated at least once every 5 years 

to demonstrate compliance for each operating mode.

(i) Testing under this paragraph must be conducted in 

accordance with § 63.1511(b)(1) in both modes.

(ii) Operating parameters must be established during these 

tests, as required by § 63.1511(g).

(iii) The emission factors for this mode of operation for 

use in the demonstration of compliance with the emission limits 

for SAPUs specified in § 63.1505(k), must be determined.
135

(2) Operators of area sources must conduct performance 

tests for D/F according to the procedures in § 63.1512 if 

compliance has not been previously demonstrated for this 

operating mode. Controlled group 1 furnaces must conduct 

performance tests according to the procedures in § 63.1512(d) 

with the capture system and control device operating normally. 

Uncontrolled group 1 furnaces must conduct performance tests 

according to the procedures in § 63.1512(e) without operating a 

control device.

(i) The performance test must be conducted in accordance 

with § 63.1511(b)(1) under representative conditions expected to 

produce the highest expected level of D/F in the group 1 mode.

(ii) Operating parameters must be established during these 

tests, as required by § 63.1511(g).

(iii) The D/F emission factor for this mode of operation 

for use in the demonstration of compliance with the emission 

limits for SAPUs specified in § 63.1505(k) must be determined.

(3) To change modes of operation from a group 1 furnace to 

a group 2 furnace, the owner or operator must perform the 

following before turning off or bypassing the control device:

(i) Completely remove all aluminum from the furnace;

(ii) Change the label on the furnace to reflect group 2 

operation;

(iii) Use only clean charge; and
136

(iv) Use no reactive flux.

(4) To change modes of operation from a group 2 furnace to

a group 1 furnace, the owner or operator must perform the 

following before adding other than clean charge and before 

adding reactive flux to the furnace:

(i) Change the label on the furnace to reflect group 1 

operation;

(ii) Direct the furnace emissions to the control device, if

it is equipped with a control device;,

(iii) If the furnace is equipped with a control device, 

turn on the control device and begin lime addition to the 

control device at the rate established for group 1 mode; and

(iv) Ensure the control device is operating properly.

(5) In addition to the recordkeeping requirements of 

§ 63.1517, the owner or operator must maintain records of the 

nature of each mode change (group 1 to group 2, or group 2 to 

group 1), the time the furnace operating mode change is 

initiated, and, if the furnace is equipped with a control 

device, the time the exhaust gas is diverted from control device 

to bypass or from bypass to control device.

(e) Limit on Frequency of changing furnace operating mode.

(1) Changing furnace operating mode including reversion to 

the previous mode, as provided in paragraphs (a) through (d) of 

this section, may not be done more frequently than 4 times in 
137

any 6-month period unless you receive approval from the 

permitting authority or Administrator for additional changes 

pursuant to paragraph (e)(2).

(2) If additional changes are needed, the owner or operator 

must apply in advance to the permitting authority, for major 

sources, or the Administrator, for area sources, for approval of 

the additional changes in operating mode.

Notifications, Reports, And Records

§63.1515 Notifications.

(a) Initial notifications. The owner or operator must 

submit initial notifications to the permitting authority for 

major sources, or the Administrator for area sources as 

described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (7) of this section. 

(1) As required by §63.9(b)(1), the owner or operator must 

provide notification for an area source that subsequently 

increases its emissions such that the source is a major source 

subject to the standard. 

(2) As required by §63.9(b)(3), the owner or operator of a 

new or reconstructed affected source, or a source that has been 

reconstructed such that it is an affected source, that has an 

initial startup after the effective date of this subpart and for 

which an application for approval of construction or 

reconstruction is not required under §63.5(d), must provide 

notification that the source is subject to the standard. 
138

(3) As required by §63.9(b)(4), the owner or operator of a 

new or reconstructed major affected source that has an initial 

startup after the effective date of this subpart and for which 

an application for approval of construction or reconstruction is 

required by §63.5(d) must provide the following notifications: 

(i) Intention to construct a new major affected source, 

reconstruct a major source, or reconstruct a major source such 

that the source becomes a major affected source; 

(ii) Date when construction or reconstruction was commenced 

(submitted simultaneously with the application for approval of 

construction or reconstruction if construction or reconstruction 

was commenced before the effective date of this subpart, or no 

later than 30 days after the date construction or reconstruction 

commenced if construction or reconstruction commenced after the 

effective date of this subpart); 

(iii) Anticipated date of startup; and 

(iv) Actual date of startup. 

(4) As required by §63.9(b)(5), after the effective date of 

this subpart, an owner or operator who intends to construct a 

new affected source or reconstruct an affected source subject to 

this subpart, or reconstruct a source such that it becomes an 

affected source subject to this subpart, must provide 

notification of the intended construction or reconstruction. The 

notification must include all the information required for an 
139

application for approval of construction or reconstruction as 

required by §63.5(d). For major sources, the application for 

approval of construction or reconstruction may be used to 

fulfill these requirements. 

(i) The application must be submitted as soon as 

practicable before the construction or reconstruction is planned 

to commence (but no sooner than the effective date) if the 

construction or reconstruction commences after the effective 

date of this subpart; or 

(ii) The application must be submitted as soon as 

practicable before startup but no later than 90 days after the 

effective date of this subpart if the construction or 

reconstruction had commenced and initial startup had not 

occurred before the effective date. 

(5) As required by §63.9(d), the owner or operator must 

provide notification of any special compliance obligations for a 

new source. 

(6) As required by §63.9(e) and (f), the owner or operator 

must provide notification of the anticipated date for conducting 

performance tests and visible emission observations. The owner 

or operator must notify the Administrator of the intent to 

conduct a performance test at least 60 days before the 

performance test is scheduled; notification of opacity or 

visible emission observations for a performance test must be 
140

provided at least 30 days before the observations are scheduled 

to take place. 

(7) As required by §63.9(g), the owner or operator must 

provide additional notifications for sources with continuous 

emission monitoring systems or continuous opacity monitoring 

systems. 

(b) Notification of compliance status report. Each owner or 

operator of an existing affected source must submit a 

notification of compliance status report within 60 days after 

the compliance date established by §63.1501(a). Each owner or 

operator of a new affected source must submit a notification of 

compliance status report within 90 days after conducting the 

initial performance test required by §63.1511(b), or within 90 

days after the compliance date established by §63.1501(b) if no 

initial performance test is required. The notification must be 

signed by the responsible official who must certify its 

accuracy. A complete notification of compliance status report 

must include the information specified in paragraphs (a)(1) 

through (10) of this section. The required information may be 

submitted in an operating permit application, in an amendment to 

an operating permit application, in a separate submittal, or in 

any combination. In a State with an approved operating permit 

program where delegation of authority under section 112(l) of 

the CAA has not been requested or approved, the owner or 
141

operator must provide duplicate notification to the applicable 

Regional Administrator. If an owner or operator submits the 

information specified in this section at different times or in 

different submittals, later submittals may refer to earlier 

submittals instead of duplicating and resubmitting the 

information previously submitted. A complete notification of 

compliance status report must include: 

(1) All information required in §63.9(h). The owner or 

operator must provide a complete performance test report for 

each affected source and emission unit for which a performance 

test is required. A complete performance test report includes 

all data, associated measurements, and calculations (including 

visible emission and opacity tests). 

(2) The approved site-specific test plan and performance 

evaluation test results for each continuous monitoring system 

(including a continuous emission or opacity monitoring system). 

(3) Unit labeling as described in §63.1506(b), including 

process type or furnace classification and operating 

requirements. 

(4) The compliant operating parameter value or range 

established for each affected source or emission unit with 

supporting documentation and a description of the procedure used 

to establish the value (e.g., lime injection rate, total 

reactive chlorine flux injection rate, total reactive fluorine 
142

flux injection rate for uncontrolled group 1 furnaces,

afterburner operating temperature, fabric filter inlet 

temperature), including the operating cycle or time period used 

in the performance test. 

(5) Design information and analysis, with supporting 

documentation, demonstrating conformance with the requirements 

for capture/collection systems in §63.1506(c). 

(6) If applicable, analysis and supporting documentation 

demonstrating conformance with EPA guidance and specifications 

for bag leak detection systems in §63.1510(f). 

(7) Manufacturer's specification or analysis documenting 

the design residence time of no less than 1 second for each 

afterburner used to control emissions from a scrap 

dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln subject to alternative 

emission standards in §63.1505(e). 

(8) Manufacturer's specification or analysis documenting 

the design residence time of no less than 0.8 seconds and design 

operating temperature of no less than 1,600 °F for each 

afterburner used to control emissions from a sweat furnace that 

is not subject to a performance test.

(9) The OM&M plan (including site-specific monitoring plan 

for each group 1 furnace with no add-on air pollution control 

device).
143

(10) Startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan, with 

revisions. 

§63.1516 Reports.

(a) Startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan/reports. The 

owner or operator must develop a written plan as described in 

§63.6(e)(3) that contains specific procedures to be followed for 

operating and maintaining the source during periods of startup, 

shutdown, and malfunction, and a program of corrective action 

for malfunctioning process and air pollution control equipment 

used to comply with the standard. The owner or operator shall 

also keep records of each event as required by §63.10(b) and 

record and report if an action taken during a startup, shutdown, 

or malfunction is not consistent with the procedures in the plan 

as described in §63.6(e)(3). In addition to the information 

required in §63.6(e)(3), the plan must include: 

(1) Procedures to determine and record the cause of the 

malfunction and the time the malfunction began and ended; and 

(2) Corrective actions to be taken in the event of a 

malfunction of a process or control device, including procedures 

for recording the actions taken to correct the malfunction or 

minimize emissions. 

(b) Excess emissions/summary report. The owner or operator

of a major or area source must submit semiannual reports 

according to the requirements in § 63.10(e)(3). Except, the 
144

owner or operator must submit the semiannual reports within 60 

days after the end of each 6-month period instead of within 30 

days after the calendar half as specified in §63.10(e)(3)(v). 

When no deviations of parameters have occurred, the owner or 

operator must submit a report stating that no excess emissions 

occurred during the reporting period.

(1) A report must be submitted if any of these conditions 

occur during a 6-month reporting period: 

(i) The corrective action specified in the OM&M plan for a 

bag leak detection system alarm was not initiated within 1 hour. 

(ii) The corrective action specified in the OM&M plan for a 

continuous opacity monitoring deviation was not initiated within 

1 hour. 

(iii) The corrective action specified in the OM&M plan for 

visible emissions from an aluminum scrap shredder was not 

initiated within 1 hour. 

(iv) An excursion of a compliant process or operating 

parameter value or range (e.g., lime injection rate or screw 

feeder setting, total reactive chlorine flux injection rate, 

afterburner operating temperature, fabric filter inlet 

temperature, definition of acceptable scrap, or other approved 

operating parameter). 

(v) [Reserved]
145

(vi) An affected source (including an emission unit in a 

secondary aluminum processing unit) was not operated according 

to the requirements of this subpart. 

(vii) A deviation from the 3-day, 24-hour rolling average 

emission limit for a secondary aluminum processing unit. 

(2) Each report must include each of these certifications, 

as applicable: 

(i) For each thermal chip dryer: “Only unpainted aluminum 

chips were used as feedstock in any thermal chip dryer during 

this reporting period.” 

(ii) For each dross-only furnace: “Only dross and salt flux 

were used as the charge materials in any dross-only furnace 

during this reporting period.”

(iii) For each sidewell group 1 furnace with add-on air 

pollution control devices: “Each furnace was operated such that 

the level of molten metal remained above the top of the passage 

between the sidewell and hearth during reactive fluxing, and 

reactive flux, except for cover flux, was added only to the 

sidewell or to a furnace hearth equipped with an add-on air 

pollution control device for PM, HCl, and D/F emissions during 

this reporting period.” 

(iv) For each group 1 melting/holding furnace without addon air pollution control devices and using pollution prevention 

measures that processes only clean charge material: “Each group 
146

1 furnace without add-on air pollution control devices subject 

to emission limits in §63.1505(i)(2) processed only clean charge 

during this reporting period.” 

(v) For each group 2 furnace: “Only clean charge materials 

were processed in any group 2 furnace during this reporting 

period, and no fluxing was performed or all fluxing performed 

was conducted using only nonreactive, non-HAP-containing/nonHAP-generating fluxing gases or agents, except for cover fluxes, 

during this reporting period.” 

(vi) For each in-line fluxer using no reactive flux: “Only 

nonreactive, non-HAP-containing, non-HAP-generating flux gases, 

agents, or materials were used at any time during this reporting 

period.” 

(vii) For each affected source choosing to demonstrate 

compliance during periods of startup and shutdown in accordance 

with § 63.1513(f)(1): “During each startup and shutdown, no flux 

and no feed/charge were added to the emission unit, and 

electricity, propane or natural gas were used as the sole source 

of heat or the emission unit was not heated.” 

(3) The owner or operator must submit the results of any 

performance test conducted during the reporting period, 

including one complete report documenting test methods and 

procedures, process operation, and monitoring parameter ranges 
147

or values for each test method used for a particular type of 

emission point tested. 

(i) Within 60 days after the date of completing each 

performance test (as defined in § 63.2) required by this 

subpart, you must submit the results of the performance tests, 

including any associated fuel analyses, following the procedure 

specified in either paragraph (b)(3)(i)(A) or (B) of this 

section.

(A) For data collected using test methods supported by the 

EPA’s Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) as listed on the EPA’s ERT 

Web site (http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ert/index.html), you must 

submit the results of the performance test to the EPA via the 

Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI). CEDRI 

can be accessed through the EPA’s Central Data Exchange (CDX) 

(http://cdx.epa.gov/epa_home.asp). Performance test data must be 

submitted in a file format generated through the use of the 

EPA’s ERT. Alternatively, you may submit performance test data 

in an electronic file format consistent with the extensible 

markup language (XML) schema listed on the EPA’s ERT Web site 

once the XML schema is available. If you claim that some of the 

performance test information being submitted is confidential 

business information (CBI), you must submit a complete file 

generated through the use of the EPA’s ERT or an alternate 

electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the 
148

EPA’s ERT Web site, including information claimed to be CBI, on 

a compact disc, flash drive, or other commonly used electronic 

storage media to the EPA. The electronic media must be clearly 

marked as CBI and mailed to U.S. EPA/OAPQS/CORE CBI Office, 

Attention: Group Leader, Measurement Policy Group, MD C404-02, 

4930 Old Page Rd., Durham, NC 27703. The same ERT or alternate 

file with the CBI omitted must be submitted to the EPA via the 

EPA’s CDX as described earlier in this paragraph.

(B) For data collected using test methods that are not 

supported by the EPA’s ERT as listed on the EPA’s ERT Web site, 

you must submit the results of the performance test to the 

Administrator at the appropriate address listed in § 63.13.

(ii) [Reserved]

(c) Annual compliance certifications. For the purpose of 

annual certifications of compliance required by 40 CFR part 70 

or 71, the owner or operator of a major source subject to this 

subpart must certify continuing compliance based upon, but not 

limited to, the following conditions: 

(1) Any period of excess emissions, as defined in paragraph 

(b)(1) of this section, that occurred during the year were 

reported as required by this subpart; and 

(2) All monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting 

requirements were met during the year. 
149

(d) If there was a malfunction during the reporting period, 

the owner or operator must submit a report that includes the 

emission unit ID, monitor ID, pollutant or parameter monitored, 

beginning date and time of the event, end date and time of the 

event, cause of the deviation or exceedance and corrective 

action taken for each malfunction which occurred during the 

reporting period and which caused or may have caused any 

applicable emission limitation to be exceeded. The report must 

include a list of the affected source or equipment, an estimate 

of the quantity of each regulated pollutant emitted over any 

emission limit, and a description of the method used to estimate 

the emissions, including, but not limited to, product-loss 

calculations, mass balance calculations, measurements when 

available, or engineering judgment based on known process 

parameters. The report must also include a description of 

actions taken by an owner or operator during a malfunction of an 

affected source to minimize emissions in accordance with 

§§ 63.1506(a)(5) and 63.1520(a)(8).

(e) All reports required by this subpart not subject to the 

requirements in paragraph (b) of this section must be sent to 

the Administrator at the appropriate address listed in § 63.13. 

If acceptable to both the Administrator and the owner or 

operator of a source, these reports may be submitted on 

electronic media. The Administrator retains the right to require 
150

submittal of reports subject to paragraph (b) of this section in 

paper format.

§63.1517 Records.

(a) As required by §63.10(b), the owner or operator shall 

maintain files of all information (including all reports and 

notifications) required by the general provisions and this 

subpart. 

(1) The owner or operator must retain each record for at 

least 5 years following the date of each occurrence, 

measurement, maintenance, corrective action, report, or record. 

The most recent 2 years of records must be retained at the 

facility. The remaining 3 years of records may be retained off 

site. 

(2) The owner or operator may retain records on microfilm, 

computer disks, magnetic tape, or microfiche; and 

(3) The owner or operator may report required information 

on paper or on a labeled computer disk using commonly available 

and EPA-compatible computer software. 

(b) In addition to the general records required by 

§63.10(b), the owner or operator of a new or existing affected 

source (including an emission unit in a secondary aluminum 

processing unit) must maintain records of: 
151

(1) For each affected source and emission unit with 

emissions controlled by a fabric filter or a lime-injected 

fabric filter: 

(i) If a bag leak detection system is used, the number of 

total operating hours for the affected source or emission unit 

during each 6-month reporting period, records of each alarm, the 

time of the alarm, the time corrective action was initiated and 

completed, and a brief description of the cause of the alarm and 

the corrective action(s) taken. 

(ii) If a continuous opacity monitoring system is used, 

records of opacity measurement data, including records where the 

average opacity of any 6-minute period exceeds 5 percent, with a 

brief explanation of the cause of the emissions, the time the 

emissions occurred, the time corrective action was initiated and 

completed, and the corrective action taken. 

(iii) If an aluminum scrap shredder is subject to visible 

emission observation requirements, records of all Method 9 

observations, including records of any visible emissions during 

a 30-minute daily test or records of all ASTM D7520-13

observations (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14), including 

data sheets and all raw unaltered JPEGs used for opacity 

determination, with a brief explanation of the cause of the 

emissions, the time the emissions occurred, the time corrective 
152

action was initiated and completed, and the corrective action

taken. 

(2) For each affected source with emissions controlled by 

an afterburner: 

(i) Records of 15-minute block average afterburner 

operating temperature, including any period when the average 

temperature in any 3-hour block period falls below the compliant 

operating parameter value with a brief explanation of the cause 

of the excursion and the corrective action taken; and 

(ii) Records of annual afterburner inspections. 

(3) For each scrap dryer/delacquering kiln/decoating kiln 

and group 1 furnace, subject to D/F and HCl emission standards 

with emissions controlled by a lime-injected fabric filter, 

records of 15-minute block average inlet temperatures for each 

lime-injected fabric filter, including any period when the 3-

hour block average temperature exceeds the compliant operating 

parameter value +14 °C (+25 °F), with a brief explanation of the 

cause of the excursion and the corrective action taken. 

(4) For each affected source and emission unit with 

emissions controlled by a lime-injected fabric filter: 

(i) Records of inspections at least once every 8-hour 

period verifying that lime is present in the feeder hopper or 

silo and flowing, including any inspection where blockage is 

found, with a brief explanation of the cause of the blockage and 
153

the corrective action taken, and records of inspections at least 

once every 4-hour period for the subsequent 3 days. If flow 

monitors, pressure drop sensors or load cells are used to verify 

that lime is present in the hopper and flowing, records of all 

monitor or sensor output including any event where blockage was 

found, with a brief explanation of the cause of the blockage and 

the corrective action taken; 

(ii) If lime feeder setting is monitored, records of daily

and monthly inspections of feeder setting, including records of 

any deviation of the feeder setting from the setting used in the 

performance test, with a brief explanation of the cause of the 

deviation and the corrective action taken. If a lime feeder has 

been repaired or replaced, this action must be documented along 

with records of the new feeder calibration and the feed 

mechanism set points necessary to maintain the lb/hr feed rate 

operating limit. These records must be maintained on site and 

available upon request.

(iii) If lime addition rate for a noncontinuous lime 

injection system is monitored pursuant to the approved 

alternative monitoring requirements in §63.1510(v), records of 

the time and mass of each lime addition during each operating 

cycle or time period used in the performance test and 

calculations of the average lime addition rate (lb/ton of 

feed/charge). 
154

(5) For each group 1 furnace (with or without add-on air 

pollution control devices) or in-line fluxer, records of 15-

minute block average weights of gaseous or liquid reactive flux 

injection, total reactive flux injection rate and calculations 

(including records of the identity, composition, and weight of 

each addition of gaseous, liquid or solid reactive flux), 

including records of any period the rate exceeds the compliant 

operating parameter value and corrective action taken. 

(6) For each continuous monitoring system, records required 

by §63.10(c). 

(7) For each affected source and emission unit subject to 

an emission standard in kg/Mg (lb/ton) of feed/charge, records 

of feed/charge (or throughput) weights for each operating cycle 

or time period used in the performance test. 

(8) Approved site-specific monitoring plan for a group 1 

furnace without add-on air pollution control devices with 

records documenting conformance with the plan. 

(9) Records of all charge materials for each thermal chip 

dryer, dross-only furnace, and group 1 melting/holding furnaces 

without air pollution control devices processing only clean 

charge. 

(10) Operating logs for each group 1 sidewell furnace with 

add-on air pollution control devices documenting conformance 

with operating standards for maintaining the level of molten 
155

metal above the top of the passage between the sidewell and 

hearth during reactive flux injection and for adding reactive 

flux only to the sidewell or a furnace hearth equipped with a 

control device for PM, HCl, and D/F emissions. 

(11) For each in-line fluxer for which the owner or 

operator has certified that no reactive flux was used:

(i) Operating logs which establish that no source of 

reactive flux was present at the in-line fluxer;

(ii) Labels required pursuant to §63.1506(b) which 

establish that no reactive flux may be used at the in-line 

fluxer; or

(iii) Operating logs which document each flux gas, agent, 

or material used during each operating cycle.

(12) Records of all charge materials and fluxing materials 

or agents for a group 2 furnace. 

(13) Records of monthly inspections for proper unit 

labeling for each affected source and emission unit subject to 

labeling requirements. 

(14) Records of annual inspections of emission 

capture/collection and closed vent systems or, if the 

alternative to the annual flow rate measurements is used, 

records of differential pressure; fan RPM or fan motor amperage; 

static pressure measurements; or duct centerline velocity using 

a hotwire anemometer, ultrasonic flow meter, cross-duct pressure 
156

differential sensor, venturi pressure differential monitoring or 

orifice plate equipped with an associated thermocouple, as 

appropriate. 

(15) Records for any approved alternative monitoring or 

test procedure. 

(16) Current copy of all required plans, including any 

revisions, with records documenting conformance with the 

applicable plan, including: 

(i) [Reserved]; 

(ii) OM&M plan; and

(iii) Site-specific secondary aluminum processing unit 

emission plan (if applicable). 

(17) For each secondary aluminum processing unit, records 

of total charge weight, or if the owner or operator chooses to 

comply on the basis of aluminum production, total aluminum 

produced for each 24-hour period and calculations of 3-day, 24-

hour rolling average emissions.

(18) For any failure to meet an applicable standard, the 

owner or operator must maintain the following records;

(i) Records of the emission unit ID, monitor ID, pollutant 

or parameter monitored, beginning date and time of the event, 

end date and time of the event, cause of the deviation or 

exceedance and corrective action taken.
157

(ii) Records of actions taken during periods of malfunction 

to minimize emissions in accordance with §§ 63.1506(a)(5) and 

63.1520(a)(8), including corrective actions to restore 

malfunctioning process and air pollution control and monitoring 

equipment to its normal or usual manner of operation.

(19) For each period of startup or shutdown for which the 

owner or operator chooses to demonstrate compliance for an 

affected source, the owner or operator must comply with 

(b)(19)(i) or (ii) of this section.

(i) To demonstrate compliance based on a feed/charge rate 

of zero, a flux rate of zero and the use of electricity, propane 

or natural gas as the sole sources of heating or the lack of 

heating, the owner or operator must submit a semiannual report 

in accordance with § 63.1516(b)(2)(vii) or maintain the 

following records:

(A) The date and time of each startup and shutdown;

(B) The quantities of feed/charge and flux introduced 

during each startup and shutdown; and

(C) The types of fuel used to heat the unit, or that no 

fuel was used, during startup and shutdown; or

(ii) To demonstrate compliance based on performance tests, 

the owner or operator must maintain the following records:

(A) The date and time of each startup and shutdown;

(B) The measured emissions in lb/hr or μg/hr or ng/hr;
158

(C) The measured feed/charge rate in tons/hr or Mg/hr from 

your most recent performance test associated with a production 

rate greater than zero, or the rated capacity of the affected 

source if no prior performance test data is available; and

(D) An explanation to support that such conditions are 

considered representative startup and shutdown operations.

(20) For owners or operators that choose to change furnace 

operating modes, the following records must be maintained:

(i) The date and time of each change in furnace operating 

mode, and

(ii)The nature of the change in operating mode (for 

example, group 1 controlled furnace processing other than clean 

charge to group 2).

Other

§63.1518 Applicability of general provisions.

The requirements of the general provisions in subpart A of 

this part that are applicable to the owner or operator subject 

to the requirements of this subpart are shown in appendix A to 

this subpart.

§63.1519 Implementation and enforcement.

(a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by the 

U.S. EPA, or a delegated authority such as the applicable State, 

local, or Tribal agency. If the U.S. EPA Administrator has 

delegated authority to a State, local, or Tribal agency, then 
159

that agency, in addition to the U.S. EPA, has the authority to 

implement and enforce this regulation. Contact the applicable 

U.S. EPA Regional Office to find out if this subpart is 

delegated to a State, local, or Tribal agency.

(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority 

of this regulation to a State, local, or Tribal agency under 

subpart E of this part, the authorities contained in paragraph 

(c) of this section are retained by the Administrator of U.S. 

EPA and cannot be transferred to the State, local, or Tribal 

agency.

(c) The authorities that cannot be delegated to State, 

local, or Tribal agencies are as specified in paragraphs (c)(1) 

through (4) of this section.

(1) Approval of alternatives to the requirements in 

§§63.1500 through 63.1501 and 63.1505 through 63.1506.

(2) Approval of major alternatives to test methods for 

under §63.7(e)(2)(ii) and (f), as defined in §63.90, and as 

required in this subpart.

(3) Approval of major alternatives to monitoring under 

§63.8(f), as defined in §63.90, and as required in this subpart.

(4) Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and 

reporting under §63.10(f), as defined in §63.90, and as required 

in this subpart.

[68 FR 37359, June 23, 2003] 
160

§63.1520 [Reserved]

Table 1 to Subpart RRR of Part 63—Emission Standards for New and 

Existing Affected Sources

Affected source/ Emission unit Pollutant Limit Units

All new and existing affected 

sources and emission units that 

are controlled with a PM add-on 

control device and that choose 

to monitor with a CCM; and all 

new and existing aluminum scrap 

shredders that choose to 

monitor with a COM or to 

monitor visible emissions

Opacity 10 percent

New and existing aluminum scrap 

shredder

PM 0.01 gr/dscf

New and existing thermal chip 

dryer

THC 

D/Fa

0.80

2.50

lb/ton of feed

μg TEQ/Mg of feed

New and existing scrap 

dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln

PM

HCl

THC

D/Fa

0.08

0.80

0.06

0.25

lb/ton of feed

lb/ton of feed

lb/ton of feed

μg TEQ/Mg of feed

Or

Alternative limits if 

afterburner has a design 

residence time of at least 1 

second and operates at a 

temperature of at least 1400°F

PM

HCl

THC

D/Fa

0.30

1.50

0.20

5.0

lb/ton of feed

lb/ton of feed

lb/ton of feed

μg TEQ/Mg of feed

New and existing sweat furnace D/Fa 0.80 Ng TEQ/dscm

11% O2

b

New and existing dross-only 

furnace

PM 0.30 lb/ton of feed

New and existing in-line fluxer HCl

PM

0.04

0.01

lb/ton of feed

lb/ton of feed

New and existing in-line fluxer 

with no reactive fluxing

No 

Limit

Work practice; no 

reactive fluxing

New and existing rotary dross 

cooler

PM 0.04 gr/dscf

New and existing clean furnace 

(Group 2)

No 

Limit

Work practices; 

clean charge only 

and no reactive 

fluxing

New and existing group 1 

melting/holding furnace 

(processing only clean charge)c

PM

HCl

HFh

0.80

0.40

0.40

or

lb/ton of feed

lb/ton of feed

lb/ton of feed

10 Percent of the HCl 

upstream of an addon control device

New and existing group 1 

furnacec

PM

HCl

HFh

0.40

0.40

0.40

or

lb/ton of feed

lb/ton of feed

lb/ton of feed
161

Affected source/ Emission unit Pollutant Limit Units

10 Percent of the HCl 

upstream of an addon control device

D/Fa 15.0 μg TEQ/Mg of feed

New and existing group 1 

furnace with clean charge onlyc

PM

HCl

0.40

0.40

or

lb/ton of feed

lb/ton of feed

10 Percent of the HCl 

upstream of an addon control device

D/Fa No 

Limit

Clean charge only

New and existing secondary 

aluminum processing unita,d

(consists of all existing group 

1 furnaces and existing in-line 

flux boxes at the facility, or 

any combination of new group 1 

furnaces and new in-line 

fluxers)

PMe

 

 









 n

i

i

n

i

i i

t

T

L T

L

PW

PM

1

1

(Eq. 1)

HCl or HF f, h

 

 









 n

i

i

n

i

i i

t

T

L T

L

HCl HF

HCl HF

1

1

/

/

(Eq. 2)

D/Fg

 

 









 n

i

i

n

i

i i

t

T

L T

L

D F

D F

1

1

/

/

(Eq. 3)

a D/F limit applies to a unit at a major or area source.

b Sweat furnaces equipped with afterburners meeting the specifications of 

§63.1505(f)(1) are not required to conduct a performance test.

c These limits are also used to calculate the limits applicable to secondary 

aluminum processing units.

d Equation definitions: LiPM = the PM emission limit for individual emission 

unit i in the secondary aluminum processing unit [kg/Mg (lb/ton) of feed]; 

Ti = the feed rate for individual emission unit i in the secondary aluminum 

processing unit; LtPM = the overall PM emission limit for the secondary 

aluminum processing unit [kg/Mg (lb-ton) of feed]; LiHCl/HF = the HCl or HF

emission limit for individual emission unit i in the secondary aluminum 

processing unit [kg/Mg (lb/ton) of feed]; LtHCl/HF = the overall HCl or HF

emission limit for the secondary aluminum processing unit [kg/Mg (lb/ton) of 

feed]; LiD/F = the D/F emission limit for individual emission unit i [μg 

toxic equivalents (TEQ)/Mg (gr TEQ/ton) of feed]; LtD/F = the overall D/F 

emission limit for the secondary aluminum processing unit [μg TEQ/Mg (gr 

TEQ/ton) of feed]; n = the number of units in the secondary aluminum 

processing unit.

e In-line fluxers using no reactive flux materials cannot be included in this 

calculation since they are not subject to the PM limit.

f In-line fluxers using no reactive flux materials cannot be included in this 

calculation since they are not subject to the HCl and HF limit. Controlled 
162

group 1 furnaces cannot be included in the HF emissions calculation because 

they are not subject to HF limits.

g Clean charge furnaces cannot be included in this calculation since they are 

not subject to the D/F limit.

h HF limits apply only to uncontrolled group 1 furnaces.

Table 2 to Subpart RRR of Part 63—Summary of Operating 

Requirements for New and Existing Affected Sources and Emission 

Units

Affected 

source/emission unit

Monitor 

type/operation/

process Operating requirements

All affected sources 

and emission units 

with an add-on air 

pollution control 

device

Emission capture 

and collection 

system

Design and install in accordance 

with ACGIH Guidelinese; operate in 

accordance with OM&M plan. (sweat 

furnaces may be operated according 

to 63.1506(c)(4)).

b

All affected sources 

and emission units 

subject to 

production-based 

(lb/ton of feed) 

emission limitsa

Charge/feed 

weight or 

Production weight

Operate a device that records the 

weight of each charge; Operate in 

accordance with OM&M plan.b

Group 1 furnace, 

group 2 furnace, inline fluxer and 

scrap dryer/

delacquering kiln/

decoating kiln

Labeling Identification, operating 

parameter ranges and operating 

requirements posted at affected 

sources and emission units; 

control device temperature and 

residence time requirements posted 

at scrap dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln.

Aluminum scrap 

shredder with fabric 

filter

Bag leak detector 

or

Initiate corrective action within 

1-hr of alarm and complete in 

accordance with OM&M planb; operate 

such that alarm does not sound 

more than 5% of operating time in 

6-month period.

COM or Initiate corrective action within 

1-hr of a 6-minute average opacity 

reading of 5% or more and complete 

in accordance with OM&M plan.b

VE Initiate corrective action within 

1-hr of any observed VE and 

complete in accordance with the 

OM&M plan.b

Thermal chip dryer 

with afterburner

Afterburner 

operating 

temperature

Maintain average temperature for 

each 3-hr period at or above 

average operating temperature 

during the performance test.

Afterburner 

operation

Operate in accordance with OM&M 

plan.b
163

Affected 

source/emission unit

Monitor 

type/operation/

process Operating requirements

Feed material Operate using only unpainted 

aluminum chips.

Scrap 

dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating kiln 

with afterburner and 

lime-injected fabric 

filter

Afterburner 

operating 

temperature

Maintain average temperature for 

each 3-hr period at or above 

average operating temperature 

during the performance test.

Afterburner 

operation

Operate in accordance with OM&M 

plan.b

Bag leak detector 

or

Initiate corrective action within 

1-hr of alarm and complete in 

accordance with the OM&M plan;b

operate such that alarm does not 

sound more than 5% of operating 

time in 6-month period.

COM Initiate corrective action within 

1-hr of a 6-minute average opacity 

reading of 5% or more and complete 

in accordance with the OM&M plan.b

Fabric filter 

inlet temperature

Maintain average fabric filter 

inlet temperature for each 3-hr 

period at or below average 

temperature during the performance 

test +14 °C (+25 °F).

Lime injection 

rate

Maintain free-flowing lime in the 

feed hopper or silo at all times 

for continuous injection systems; 

maintain feeder setting at or 

above the level established during 

the performance test for 

continuous injection systems.

Sweat furnace with 

afterburner

Afterburner 

operating 

temperature

If a performance test was 

conducted, maintain average 

temperature for each 3-hr period 

at or above average operating 

temperature during the performance 

test; if a performance test was 

not conducted, and afterburner 

meets specifications of 

§63.1505(f)(1), maintain average 

temperature for each 3-hr period 

at or above 1600°F.

Afterburner 

operation

Operate in accordance with OM&M 

plan.b

Dross-only furnace 

with fabric filter

Bag leak detector 

or

Initiate corrective action within 

1-hr of alarm and complete in 

accordance with the OM&M plan;b

operate such that alarm does not 

sound more than 5% of operating 

time in 6-month period.
164

Affected 

source/emission unit

Monitor 

type/operation/

process Operating requirements

COM Initiate corrective action within 

1-hr of a 6-minute average opacity 

reading of 5% or more and complete 

in accordance with the OM&M plan.b

Feed/charge 

material

Operate using only dross as the 

feed material.

Rotary dross cooler 

with fabric filter

Bag leak detector 

or

Initiate corrective action within 

1-hr of alarm and complete in 

accordance with the OM&M plan;b

operate such that alarm does not 

sound more than 5% of operating 

time in 6-month period.

COM Initiate corrective action within 

1-hr of a 6-minute average opacity 

reading of 5% or more and complete 

in accordance with the OM&M plan.b

In-line fluxer with 

lime-injected fabric 

filter (including 

those that are part 

of a secondary 

aluminum processing 

unit)

Bag leak detector 

or

Initiate corrective action within 

1-hr of alarm and complete in 

accordance with the OM&M plan;b

operate such that alarm does not 

sound more than 5% of operating 

time in 6-month period.

COM Initiate corrective action within 

1-hr of a 6-minute average opacity 

reading of 5% or more and complete 

in accordance with the OM&M plan.b

Lime injection 

rate

Maintain free-flowing lime in the 

feed hopper or silo at all times 

for continuous injection systems; 

maintain feeder setting at or 

above the level established during 

performance test for continuous 

injection systems.

Reactive flux 

injection rate

Maintain reactive flux injection 

rate at or below rate used during 

the performance test for each 

operating cycle or time period 

used in the performance test.

In-line fluxer 

(using no reactive 

flux material)

Flux materials Use no reactive flux.

Group 1 furnace with 

lime-injected fabric 

filter (including 

those that are part 

of a secondary of 

aluminum processing 

unit).

Bag leak detector 

or

Initiate corrective action within 

1-hr of alarm; operate such that 

alarm does not sound more than 5% 

of operating time in 6-month 

period; complete corrective action 

in accordance with the OM&M plan.b
165

Affected 

source/emission unit

Monitor 

type/operation/

process Operating requirements

COM Initiate corrective action within 

1-hr of a 6-minute average opacity 

reading of 5% or more; complete 

corrective action in accordance 

with the OM&M plan.b

Fabric filter 

inlet temperature

Maintain average fabric filter 

inlet temperature for each 3-hour 

period at or below average 

temperature during the performance 

test +14°C (+25°F).

Natural gasfired, propanefired or 

electrically 

heated group 1 

furnaces that 

will be idled for 

at least 24 hours

Operation of associated 

capture/collection systems and 

APCDd may be temporarily stopped.

Operation of these 

capture/collection systems and 

control devices must be restarted 

before feed/charge, flux or 

alloying materials are added to 

the furnace.

Reactive flux 

injection rate

Maintain reactive flux injection 

rate (kg/Mg) (lb/ton) at or below 

rate used during the performance 

test for each furnace cycle.

Lime injection 

rate

Maintain free-flowing lime in the 

feed hopper or silo at all times 

for continuous injection systems; 

maintain feeder setting at or 

above the level established at 

performance test for continuous 

injection systems.

Maintain molten 

aluminum level

Operate sidewell furnaces such 

that the level of molten metal is 

above the top of the passage 

between sidewell and hearth during 

reactive flux injection, unless 

the hearth is also controlled.

Fluxing in 

sidewell furnace 

hearth

Add reactive flux only to the 

sidewell of the furnace unless the 

hearth is also controlled.

Group 1 furnace 

without add-on 

controls (including 

those that are part 

of a secondary 

aluminum processing 

unit)

Reactive flux 

injection rate

Maintain the total reactive

chlorine flux injection rate and 

total reactive fluorine injection 

rate for each operating cycle or 

time period used in the 

performance test at or below the 

average rate established during 

the performance test.

Site-specific 

monitoring planc

Operate each furnace in accordance 

with the work practice/pollution 

prevention measures documented in 

the OM&M plan and within the 

parameter values or ranges 

established in the OM&M plan
166

Affected 

source/emission unit

Monitor 

type/operation/

process Operating requirements

Feed material 

(melting/holding 

furnace)

Use only clean charge.

Clean (group 2) 

furnace

Charge and flux 

materials

Use only clean charge. Use no 

reactive flux.

a Thermal chip dryers, scrap dryers/delacquering kilns/decoating kilns, drossonly furnaces, in-line fluxers and group 1 furnaces including 

melting/holding furnaces. 

b OM&M plan—Operation, maintenance, and monitoring plan. 

c Site-specific monitoring plan. Owner/operators of group 1 furnaces without 

add-on APCD must include a section in their OM&M plan that documents work 

practice and pollution prevention measures, including procedures for scrap 

inspection, by which compliance is achieved with emission limits and process 

or feed parameter-based operating requirements. This plan and the testing to 

demonstrate adequacy of the monitoring plan must be developed in 

coordination with and approved by the permitting authority for major 

sources, or the Administrator for area sources.

d APCD – Air pollution control device.

e Incorporated by reference, see § 63.14.

Table 3 to Subpart RRR of Part 63—Summary of Monitoring 

Requirements for New and Existing Affected Sources and Emission 

Units

Affected source/

Emission unit

Monitor type/

Operation/Process Monitoring requirements

All affected 

sources and 

emission units 

with an add-on air 

pollution control 

device

Emission capture and 

collection system

Annual inspection of all 

emission capture, collection, 

and transport systems to 

ensure that systems continue 

to operate in accordance with 

ACGIH Guidelinese. Inspection 

includes volumetric flow rate 

measurements or verification 

of a permanent total enclosure 

using EPA Method 204.d

All affected 

sources and 

emission units 

subject to 

production-based 

(lb/ton or gr/ton 

of feed/charge) 

emission limitsa

Feed/charge weight Record weight of each 

feed/charge, weight 

measurement device or other 

procedure accuracy of ±1%b; 

calibrate according to 

manufacturer’s specifications, 

or at least once every 6 

months.
167

Affected source/

Emission unit

Monitor type/

Operation/Process Monitoring requirements

Group 1 furnace, 

group 2 furnace, 

in-line fluxer, 

and scrap 

dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating 

kiln

Labeling Check monthly to confirm that 

labels are intact and legible.

Aluminum scrap 

shredder with 

fabric filter

Bag leak detector or Install and operate in 

accordance with manufacturer’s 

operating instructions.

COM or Design and install in 

accordance with PS-1; collect 

data in accordance with 

subpart A of 40 CFR part 63; 

determine and record 6-minute 

block averages.

VE Conduct and record results of 

30-minute daily test in 

accordance with Method 9 or 

ASTM D7520-13e.

Thermal chip dryer 

with afterburner

Afterburner operating 

temperature

Continuous measurement device 

to meet specifications in 

§63.1510(g)(1); record average 

temperature for each 15-minute 

block; determine and record 3-

hr block averages.

Afterburner operation Annual inspection of 

afterburner internal parts; 

complete repairs in accordance 

with the OM&M plan.

Feed/charge material Record identity of each 

feed/charge; certify 

feed/charge materials every 6 

months.

Scrap 

dryer/delacquering 

kiln/decoating 

kiln with 

afterburner and 

lime-injected 

fabric filter

Afterburner operating 

temperature.

Continuous measurement device 

to meet specifications in 

§63.1510(g)(1); record 

temperature for each 15-minute 

block; determine and record 3-

hr block averages.

Afterburner operation Annual inspection of 

afterburner internal parts; 

complete repairs in accordance 

with the OM&M plan.

Bag leak detector or Install and operate in 

accordance with manufacturer’s 

operating instructions.

COM Design and Install in 

accordance with PS-1; collect 

data in accordance with 

subpart A of 40 CFR part 63; 

determine and record 6-minute 

block averages.
168

Affected source/

Emission unit

Monitor type/

Operation/Process Monitoring requirements

Lime injection rate For continuous injection 

systems, inspect each feed 

hooper or silo every 8 hours 

to verify that lime is free 

flowing; record results of 

each inspection. If blockage 

occurs, inspect every 4 hours 

for 3 days; return to 8-hour 

inspections if corrective 

action results in no further 

blockage during 3-day period, 

record feeder setting daily.

Verify monthly that lime 

injection rate is no less than 

90 percent of the rate used 

during the compliance 

demonstration test.

Fabric filter inlet 

temperature.

Continous measurement device 

to meet specifications in 

§63.1510(h)(2); record 

temperatures in 15-minute 

block averages; determine and 

record 3-hr block averages.

Sweat furnace with 

afterburner

Afterburner operating 

temperature

Continuous measurement device 

to meet specifications in 

§63.1510(g)(1); record 

temperatures in 15-minute 

block averages; determine and 

record 3-hr block averages.

Afterburner operation Annual inspection of 

afterburner internal parts; 

complete repairs in accordance 

with the OM&M plan.

Dross-only furnace 

with fabric filter

Bag leak detector or Install and operate in 

accordance with manufacturer’s 

operating instructions.

COM Design and install in 

accordance with PS-1; collect 

data in accordance with 

subpart A of 40 CFR part 63; 

determine and record 6-minute 

block averages.

Feed/charge material Record identity of each 

feed/charge; certify charge 

materials every 6 months.

Rotary dross 

cooler with fabric 

filter

Bag leak detector or Install and operate in 

accordance with manufacturer’s 

operating instructions.

COM Design and install in 

accordance with PS-1; collect 

data in accordance with 

subpart A of 40 CFR part 63; 

determine and record 6-minute 

block averages.
169

Affected source/

Emission unit

Monitor type/

Operation/Process Monitoring requirements

In-line fluxer 

with lime-injected 

fabric filter

Bag leak detector or Install and operate in 

accordance with manufacturer’s 

operating instructions.

COM Design and install in 

accordance with PS-1; collect 

data in accordance with 

subpart A of 40 CFR part 63; 

determine and record 6-minute 

block averages

Reactive flux injection 

rate

Weight measurement device 

accuracy of ±1%b; calibrate 

according to manufacturer's 

specifications or at least 

once every 6 months; record 

time, weight and type of 

reactive flux added or 

injected for each 15-minute 

block period while reactive 

fluxing occurs; calculate and 

record total reactive chlorine 

flux injection rate and the 

total reactive fluorine flux 

injection rate for each 

operating cycle or time period 

used in performance test; or

Alternative flux injection 

rate determination procedure 

per §63.1510(j)(5). For solid 

flux added intermittently, 

record the amount added for 

each operating cycle or time 

period used in the performance 

test.

Lime injection rate For continuous injection 

systems, record feeder setting 

daily and inspect each feed 

hopper or silo every 8 hrs to 

verify that lime is freeflowing; record results of 

each inspection. If blockage 

occurs, inspect every 4 hrs 

for 3 days; return to 8-hour 

inspections if corrective 

action results in no further 

blockage during 3-day period.c

Verify monthly that the lime 

injection rate is no less than 

90 percent of the rate used 

during the compliance 

demonstration test.

In-line fluxer 

using no reactive 

flux

Flux materials Record flux materials; certify 

every 6 months for no reactive 

flux.
170

Affected source/

Emission unit

Monitor type/

Operation/Process Monitoring requirements

Group 1 furnace 

with lime-injected 

fabric filter

Bag leak detector or Install and operate in 

accordance with manufacturer’s 

operating instructions.

COM Design and install in 

accordance with PS-1; collect 

data in accordance with 

subpart A of 40 part CFR 63; 

determine and record 6-minute 

block averages.

Lime injection rate For continuous injection 

systems, record feeder setting 

daily and inspect each feed 

hopper or silo every 8 hours 

to verify that lime is freeflowing; record results of 

each inspection. If blockage 

occurs, inspect every 4 hours 

for 3 days; return to 8-hour 

inspections if corrective 

action results in no further 

blockage during 3-day period.c

Verify monthly that the lime 

injection rate is no less than 

90 percent of the rate used 

during the compliance 

demonstration test.

Reactive flux injection 

rate

Weight measurement device 

accuracy of ±1%b; calibrate 

every 3 months; record weight 

and type of reactive flux 

added or injected for each 15-

minute block period while 

reactive fluxing occurs; 

calculate and record total 

reactive chlorine flux 

injection rate and the total 

reactive fluorine flux 

injection rate for each 

operating cycle or time period 

used in performance test; or 

Alternative flux injection 

rate determination procedure 

per §63.1510(j)(5). For solid 

flux added intermittently, 

record the amount added for 

each operating cycle or time 

period used in the performance 

test.

Fabric filter inlet 

temperature

Continuous measurement device 

to meet specifications in 

§63.1510(h)(2); record 

temperatures in 15-minute 

block averages; determine and 

record 3-hour block averages.
171

Affected source/

Emission unit

Monitor type/

Operation/Process Monitoring requirements

Maintain molten 

aluminum level in 

sidewell furnace

Maintain aluminum level 

operating log; certify every 6 

months.

Group 1 furnace 

without add-on 

controls

Fluxing in sidewell 

furnace hearth

Maintain flux addition 

operating log; certify every 6 

months.

Reactive flux injection 

rate

Weight measurement device 

accuracy of +1%b; calibrate 

according to manufacturer’s

specifications or at least 

once every six months; record 

weight and type of reactive 

flux added or injected for 

each 15-minute block period 

while reactive fluxing occurs; 

calculate and record total 

reactive flux injection rate 

for each operating cycle or 

time period used in 

performance test. For solid 

flux added intermittently, 

record the amount added for 

each operating cycle or time 

period used in the performance

test.

OM&M plan (approved by 

permitting agency)

Demonstration of site-specific 

monitoring procedures to 

provide data and show 

correlation of emissions 

across the range of charge and 

flux materials and furnace 

operating parameters.

Feed material 

(melting/holding 

furnace)

Record type of permissible 

feed/charge material; certify 

charge materials every 6 

months.

Clean (group 2) 

furnace

Charge and flux 

materials

Record charge and flux 

materials; certify every 6 

months for clean charge and no 

reactive flux.

a Thermal chip dryers, scrap dryers/delacquering kilns/decoating kilns, drossonly furnaces, in-line fluxers and group 1 furnaces or melting/holding 

furnaces. 

b Permitting agency may approve measurement devices of alternative accuracy, 

for example in cases where flux rates are very low and costs of meters of 

specified accuracy are prohibitive; or where feed/charge weighing devices of 

specified accuracy are not practicable due to equipment layout or charging 

practices. 

c Permitting authority for major sources, or the Administrator for area 

sources may approve other alternatives including load cells for lime hopper 

weight, sensors for carrier gas pressure, or HCl monitoring devices at 

fabric filter outlet.
172

d The frequency of volumetric flow rate measurements may be decreased to once 

every 5 years if daily differential pressure measures or daily fan RPM 

measurements are made in accordance with § 63.1510(d)(2)(ii-iii). The 

frequency of annual verification of a permanent total enclosure may be 

decreased to once every 5 years if negative pressure measurements in the 

enclosure are made daily in accordance with § 63.1510(d)(2)(iv). In lieu of 

volumetric flow rate measurements or verification of permanent total 

enclosure, sweat furnaces may demonstrate annually negative air flow into 

the sweat furnace opening in accordance with § 63.1510(d)(3).

e Incorporated by reference, see § 63.14.

[65 FR 15710, Mar. 23, 2000, as amended at 69 FR 53985, Sept. 3, 

2004]

Appendix A to Subpart RRR of Part 63—General Provisions 

Applicability to Subpart RRR 

Citation Requirement Applies to RRR Comment

§63.1(a)(1)-(4) General Applicability Yes

§63.1(a)(5) No [Reserved]

§63.1(a)(6) Yes

§63.1(a)(7)-(9) No

§63.1(a) (10)-

(12)

Yes

§63.1(b) Initial Applicability 

Determination

Yes EPA retains 

approval 

authority

§63.1(c)(1) Applicability After 

Standard Established

Yes

§63.1(c)(2) Yes §63.1500(e) 

exempts area 

sources subject 

to this subpart 

from the 

obligation to 

obtain Title V 

operating 

permits.

§63.1(c)(3)-(4) No [Reserved]

§63.1(c)(5) Yes

§63.1(d) No [Reserved]

§63.1(e) Applicability of Permit 

Program

Yes

§63.2 Definitions Yes Additional 

definitions in 

§63.1503

§63.3 Units and Abbreviations Yes

§63.4(a)(1)-(2) Yes

§63.4(a)(3)-(5) No [Reserved]
173

Citation Requirement Applies to RRR Comment

§63.4(b)-(c) Circumvention/ 

Severability

Yes

§63.5(a) Construction and 

Reconstruction—

Applicability

Yes

§63.5(b)(1) Existing, New, 

Reconstructed Sources—

Requirements

Yes

§63.5(b)(2) No [Reserved]

§63.5(b)(3)-(4) Yes

§63.5(b)(5) No [Reserved]

§63.5(b)(6) yes

§63.5(c) No [Reserved]

§63.5(d) Application for Approval 

of Construction/ 

Reconstruction

Yes

§63.5(e) Approval of Construction/ 

Reconstruction

Yes

§63.5(f) Approval of 

Construction/Reconstructio

n Based on State Review

Yes

§63.6(a) Compliance with Standards 

and Maintenance—

Applicability

Yes

§63.6(b)(1)-(5) New and Reconstructed 

Sources—Dates

Yes § 63.1501 

specifies dates

§63.6(b)(6) No [Reserved]

§63.6(b)(7) Yes

§63.6(c)(1) Existing Sources Dates Yes §63.1501 

specifies dates

§63.6(c)(2) Yes

§63.6(c)(3)-(4) No [Reserved]

§63.6(c)(5) Yes

§63.6(d) No [Reserved]

§63.6(e)(1)(i) No See 

§ 63.1506(a)(5) 

for general 

duty 

requirement. 

Any other cross 

reference to 

§ 63.6(3)(1)(i) 

in any other 

general 

provision 

referenced

shall be 

treated as a 

cross reference 

to 

§ 63.1506(a)(5)

.

§63.6(e)(1)(ii) No

§63.6(e)(2) No [Reserved]
174

Citation Requirement Applies to RRR Comment

§63.6(e)(3) No

§63.6(f)(1) No

§63.6(f)(2) Yes

§63.6(g) Alternative Standard No

§63.6(h)(1) No

§63.6(h)(2) yes

§63.6(h)(3) No [Reserved]

§63.6(h)(4)-(9) yes

§63.6(i)(1)-

(14)

Extension of Compliance Yes

§63.6(i)(15) No [Reserved]

§63.6(i) (16) Yes

§63.6(j) Exemption from Compliance Yes

§63.7(a) Yes Except §63.1511 

establishes 

dates for 

initial 

performance 

tests

§63.7(b) Notification Yes

§63.7(c) Quality Assurance/Test 

Plan

Yes

§63.7(d) Testing Facilities Yes

§63.7(e)(1) No

§63.7(e)(2) Yes

§63.7(f) Alternative Test Method Yes

§63.7(g)(1)-(3) Yes Except for 

§ 63.7(g)(2), 

which is 

reserved.

§63.7(h)(1)-(5) Yes

§63.8(a)(1) Monitoring Requirements—

Applicability

Yes

§63.8(a)(2) Yes

§63.8(a)(3) No [Reserved]

§63.8(a)(4) Yes

§63.8(b) Conduct of Monitoring Yes

§63.8(c)(1)(i) No

§63.8(c)(1)(ii) Yes

§63.8(c)(1)(iii

)

No

§63.8(c)(2)-(8) Yes

§63.8(d)(1)-(2) Yes

§63.8(d)(3) Yes, except for 

last sentence, 

which refers to 

an SSM plan. 

SSM plans are 

not required.

§63.8(e) CMS Performance Evaluation Yes
175

Citation Requirement Applies to RRR Comment

§63.8(f)(1)-(5) Alternative Monitoring 

Method

No §63.1510(w) 

includes 

provisions for 

monitoring 

alternatives

§63.8(f)(6) Alternative to RATA Test Yes

§63.8(g)(1) Data Reduction Yes

§63.8(g)(2) No §63.1512 

requires five 

6-minute 

averages for an 

aluminum scrap 

shredder

§63.8(g)(3)-(5) Yes

§63.9(a) Notification Requirements—

Applicability

Yes

§63.9(b) Initial Notifications Yes Except 

§ 63.9(b)(3) is 

reserved.

§63.9(c) Request for Compliance 

Extension

Yes

§63.9(d) New Source Notification 

for Special Compliance 

Requirements

Yes

63.9(e) Notification of 

Performance Test

Yes

§63.9(f) Notification of VE/Opacity 

Test

Yes

§63.9(g) Additional CMS 

Notifications

Yes

§63.9(h)(1)-(3) Notification of Compliance 

Status

Yes Except §63.1515 

establishes 

dates for 

notification of 

compliance 

status reports

§63.9(h)(4) No [Reserved]

§63.9(h)(5)-(6) Yes

§63.9(i) Adjustment of Deadlines Yes

§63.9(j) Change in Previous 

Information

Yes

§63.10(a) Recordkeeping/Reporting—

Applicability

Yes

§63.10(b) General Requirements Yes §63.1517 

includes 

additional 

requirements

§63.10(c)(1) Additional CMS 

Recordkeeping

Yes, except 

§63.10(b)(2)(i)

, (ii), (iv), 

(v) 

§63.10(c)(2)-

(4)

No [Reserved]

§63.10(c)(5) Yes

§63.10(c)(6) Yes
176

Citation Requirement Applies to RRR Comment

§63.10(c)(7)-

(8)

Yes

§63.10(c)(9) No [Reserved]

§63.10(c)(10)-

(13)

Yes

§63.10(c)(14) Yes

§63.10(c)(15) No

§63.10(d)(1) General Reporting 

Requirements

Yes

§63.10(d)(2) Performance Test Results Yes

§63.10(d)(3) Opacity or VE Observations Yes

§63.10(d)(4)-

(5)

Progress Reports/Startup, 

Shutdown, and Malfunction 

Reports

No

§63.10(e)(1)-

(2)

Additional CMS Reports Yes

§63.10(e)(3) Excess Emissions/CMS 

Performance Reports

Yes Reporting 

deadline given 

in §63.1516

§63.10(e)(4) COMS Data Reports Yes

§63.10(f) Recordkeeping/Reporting 

Waiver

Yes

§63.11(a)-(d) Control Device 

Requirements

No Flares not 

applicable

§63.12(a)-(c) State Authority and 

Delegations

Yes EPA retains 

authority for 

applicability 

determinations

§63.13 Addresses Yes

§63.14 Incorporation by Reference Yes Chapters 3 and 

5 of ACGIH 

Industrial 

Ventilation 

Manual for 

capture/

collection 

systems; and 

Interim 

Procedures for 

Estimating Risk 

Associated with 

Exposure to 

Mixtures of 

Chlorinated 

Dibenzofurans 

(CDDs and CDFs) 

and 1989 Update

(incorporated 

by reference in 

§63.1502)

§63.15 Availability of 

Information/Confidentialit

y

Yes

§63.16 No
177