# Patent

## Title
Fuel injection control device for internal combustion engine

## Abstract

When injecting fuel from a direct injector and a port injector such that a requested fuel injection amount for an internal combustion engine is reached, the direct injector is driven in the following manner. That is, target fuel injection amounts are set on the basis of the engine operating state in order from the fuel injection with the highest priority among fuel injection in a compression stroke, fuel injection in the late stage of an intake stroke, and fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke in the direct injector, and the abovementioned setting continues until the total value of the target fuel injection amounts reaches the requested fuel injection amount. Moreover, the direct injector is driven in such a manner that the target fuel injection amounts for each of the abovementioned fuel injections set in this manner are obtained.

## Background
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a fuel injection control device for an internal combustion engine.
BACKGROUND ART
As an internal combustion engine for a vehicle including an automobile, a type having a direct injector for injecting fuel into a cylinder and a port injector for injecting fuel into an intake port is known.
For fuel injection from the direct injector, a target fuel injection amount of the fuel injection is first determined. The target fuel injection amount is set using the requested fuel injection amount for an internal combustion engine as a whole and the dual-injection ratio between the direct injector and the port injector necessary for reaching the requested fuel injection amount. The requested fuel injection amount and the dual-injection ratio are determined based on the engine operating state including the engine speed and the engine load. Then, the direct injector is actuated to achieve the target fuel injection amount such that at least some of the fuel amount corresponding to the requested fuel injection amount is injected by the fuel injection from the direct injector.
As described in Patent Document 1, the fuel injection from the direct injector for achieving the target fuel injection amount may be performed in a divided manner in a plurality of shots. Specifically, as described in the document, the fuel injection from the direct injector may be carried out in a divided manner in a shot corresponding to the early stage of the intake stroke and a shot corresponding to the late stage of the intake stroke or in a divided manner in a shot corresponding to the early stage of the intake stroke and a shot corresponding to the compression stroke or in a divided manner in a shot corresponding to the early stage of the intake stroke, a shot corresponding to the late stage of the intake stroke, and a shot corresponding to the compression stroke. In these cases, the aforementioned target fuel injection amount for the full amount of the fuel injected from the direct injector is divided into target fuel injection amounts for respective fuel injection shots in correspondence with a predetermined ratio. The direct injector is then actuated such that the respective target fuel injection amounts are achieved.
Specifically, in the fuel injection from the direct injector, the fuel injection in the compression stroke, the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke, and the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke bring about desirable engine operation, as will be described in the items [1], [2], and [3] below.
[1] The fuel injection in the compression stroke is characterized in that air streams in a cylinder are easily collected near an ignition plug and thus achieves desirable ignition of the fuel in the cylinder to increase the fuel combustion speed. [2] The fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke intensifies the air streams in the cylinder through injected fuel to achieve desirable fuel combustion, when the piston movement speed decreases and thus reduces air stream generation in the cylinder. [3] The fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke allows the injected fuel to adhere directly to the piston top and thus cools the piston top using latent heat of vaporization produced by the fuel and suppresses the occurrence of knocking in the engine.
PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS
Patent Documents


    Patent Document 1: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2006-194098 (paragraphs [0008] to [0086] and [0104])


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Problems that the Invention is to Solve
To achieve desirable engine operation in an internal combustion engine having a direct injector, it is preferable to perform the fuel injection from the direct injector in the shot corresponding to the compression stroke, the shot corresponding to the late stage of the intake stroke, and the shot corresponding to the early stage of the intake stroke to bring about the above-described advantages [1] to [3] altogether to a maximum extent. For this purpose, the fuel injection amounts (the target fuel injection amounts) in the respective shots of fuel injection must be adjusted to request values necessary for achieving the advantages [1] to [3] in the current engine operating state.
However, when the fuel injection in the shots corresponding to the compression stroke, the late stage of the intake stroke, and the early stage of the intake stroke are carried out by dividing the fuel injection from the direct injector into multiple shots in the manner described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to set the target fuel injection amounts in the respective fuel injection shots to the values (the requested values) necessary for obtaining the corresponding advantages [1] to [3].
Specifically, the target fuel injection amounts in the respective fuel injection shots are set by dividing the target fuel injection amount for the full amount of the fuel injected from the direct injector by a predetermined ratio. Accordingly, in this case, to obtain any desired one of the advantages [1] to [3], the ratio must be set such that the target fuel injection amount in the fuel injection shot associated with the desired advantage [1], [2], or [3] becomes the value (the requested value) necessary for achieving the desired advantage. However, if the target fuel injection amounts in the other fuel injection shots are determined using the thus set ratio, the fuel injection in the other shots, which are performed to achieve the target fuel injection amounts, may not be capable of achieving the associated advantages [1] to [3], which are the advantages other than the desired advantage. Specifically, the target fuel injection amounts in the respective fuel injection shots necessary for achieving the associated advantages [1] to [3] vary in mutually different manners in correspondence with the engine operating state. Accordingly, when the target fuel injection amounts in the fuel injection shots are set in the above-described manner, it is highly likely that two of the target fuel injection amounts cannot achieve the associated advantages, which are the advantages other than the desired one. In other words, the advantages other than the desired advantage cannot necessarily be obtained.
Accordingly, if the target fuel injection amounts in the respective fuel injection shots are set by dividing the target fuel injection amount for the full amount of the fuel injected from the direct injector by the above-described ratio, it is difficult to set the target fuel injection amounts to the values (the requested values) necessary for obtaining the corresponding advantages [1] to [3]. This makes it difficult to obtain the advantages [1] to [3] altogether, thus disadvantageously hampering maximum-performance operation of the internal combustion engine.
Accordingly, it is an objective of the present invention to provide a fuel injection control device for an internal combustion engine capable of achieving maximum engine performance by adjusting the amount of fuel injected from a direct injector to an adequate value.
Means for Solving the Problems
To achieve the above-described objective, a fuel injection control device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention operates a direct injector in the manner described below when the direct injector injects fuel into a cylinder of the engine to reach at least some of a requested fuel injection amount determined based on the engine operating state. Specifically, the control device sets target fuel injection amounts of fuel injection from the direct injector in the compression stroke and the late stage of the intake stroke to requested values each corresponding to the engine operating state. The control device then performs fuel injection from the direct injector in the compression stroke and the late stage of the intake stroke by the corresponding target fuel injection amounts. An amount of fuel that corresponds to a part of the requested fuel injection amount that cannot be injected by the fuel injection from the direct injector in the compression stroke and the late stage of the intake stroke is injected from the direct injector in the early stage of the intake stroke.
Among the fuel injection from the direct injector in the shot of the compression stroke, the shot of the late stage of the intake stroke, and the shot of the early stage of the intake stroke, the fuel injection in a shot closer to the ignition timing is given higher priority. Specifically, the fuel injection in the shot closer to the ignition timing has greater influence on fuel ignition caused by variation in the fuel injection amount and is thus given the higher priority. For the same reason, the fuel injection in the shot of the early stage of the intake stroke, which is the least close to the ignition timing, is given the lowest priority.
As a result, as has been described, the target fuel injection amounts of the fuel injection from the direct injector in the compression stroke and the late stage of the intake stroke are set to the requested values corresponding to the engine operating state with high priority over the target fuel injection amount of the fuel injection from the direct injector in the early stage of the intake stroke. The target fuel injection amounts of the fuel injection from the direct injector in the shots each having the comparatively high priority, which are the shot in the compression stroke and the shot in the late stage of the intake stroke, are thus set, based on the engine operating state, to the values (the requested values) that maximize the advantages of the fuel injection in the respective shots. The direct injector is then operated based on the target fuel injection amounts of the fuel injection in the corresponding shots to achieve the target fuel injection amounts. As a result, the advantages of the fuel injection in both shots are ensured to a maximum extent to obtain maximum engine performance.
The fuel injection from the direct injector in the shots with a higher priority than the shot in the early stage of the intake stroke, which are the shots in the compression stroke and the late stage of the intake stroke, has the characteristics described below. Specifically, the fuel injection in the compression stroke improves the fuel injection speed in the cylinder but may adversely affect the fuel combustion if the fuel injection amount increases beyond the corresponding target fuel injection amount. The fuel injection from the direct injector in the late stage of the intake stroke promotes formation of air-fuel mixture by intensifying air streams in the cylinder but may adversely affect the fuel combustion if the fuel injection amount increases beyond the corresponding target fuel injection amount.
Accordingly, as has been described, an amount of fuel that corresponds to a part of the requested fuel injection amount that cannot be injected by the fuel injection in the compression stroke and the late stage of the intake stroke is injected by the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke, which is given lower priority than the fuel injection in the compression stroke and the late stage of the intake stroke. This makes it unlikely that the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the compression stroke or the late stage of the intake stroke will increase beyond the corresponding target fuel injection amount to reach the requested fuel injection amount and thus adversely affect the fuel combustion. Also, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the compression stroke becomes equal to the corresponding target fuel injection amount, the fuel injection speed in the cylinder is increased through such fuel injection. Further, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke becomes equal to the corresponding target fuel injection amount, the air streams in the cylinder are intensified through such fuel injection.
Another form of the present invention includes a direct injector capable of injecting fuel into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine in a compression stroke, the late stage of an intake stroke, and the early stage of the intake stroke of the engine and a port injector capable of injecting fuel into an intake port of the engine. The direct injector and the port injector are operated in the manner described below, when the fuel is injected from the direct injector and the port injector to reach a requested fuel injection amount, which is determined based on the engine operating state.
Specifically, the target fuel injection amounts of fuel injection from the direct injector in the compression stroke, the late stage of the intake stroke, and the early stage of the intake stroke are each set to a requested value corresponding to the engine operating state. That is, the target fuel injection amounts of the fuel injection from the direct injector in the shot in the compression stroke, the shot in the late stage of the intake stroke, and the shot in the early stage of the intake stroke are set to the requested values corresponding to the engine operating state sequentially in the descending order according to the priority ranks given to the respective shots of the fuel injection. The direct injector is then actuated (to perform the fuel injection) in the compression stroke, the late stage of the intake stroke, and the early stage of the intake stroke based on the corresponding target fuel injection amounts to achieve the target fuel injection amounts of the respective fuel injection shots.
In this case, the target fuel injection amounts of the fuel injection from the direct injector in the above-described shots are set in correspondence with the engine operating state to the values (the requested values) that maximize the advantages of the fuel injection in the respective shots, sequentially in the descending order according to the priority ranks given to the shots in the current engine operating state. The direct injector is then operated to achieve the target fuel injection amounts of the respective shots of fuel injection. This achieves the advantages of the fuel injection in all shots of the fuel injection to a maximum extent to obtain maximum engine performance.
However, there may be a case in which the sum of the target fuel injection amounts of the fuel injection from the direct injector in the compression stroke, the late stage of the intake stroke, and the early stage of the intake stroke falls short of the requested fuel injection amount. In this case, the fuel of the requested fuel injection amount cannot be fully injected by the fuel injection from the direct injector in the compression stroke, the late stage of the intake stroke, and the early stage of the intake stroke. To solve this problem, an amount of fuel that corresponds to a part of the requested fuel injection amount that cannot be injected by the fuel injection from the direct injector in the above-described shots is set as the target fuel injection amount of the fuel injection from the port injector. The port injector is then operated based on the target fuel injection amount of the port injector to achieve the target fuel injection amount.
The fuel injection from the direct injector in the compression stroke improves the fuel injection speed in the cylinder. However, such fuel injection may adversely affect the fuel combustion if the fuel injection amount increases beyond the corresponding target fuel injection amount. The fuel injection from the direct injector in the late stage of the intake stroke promotes formation of air-fuel mixture by intensifying air streams in the cylinder. However, such fuel injection may adversely affect the fuel combustion if the fuel injection amount increases beyond the corresponding target fuel injection amount. The fuel injection from the direct injector in the early stage of the intake stroke cools the piston top using latent heat of vaporization produced by injected fuel to cool the temperature in the cylinder and suppress the occurrence of knocking. However, such fuel injection may adversely affect the fuel combustion if the fuel injection amount increases beyond the corresponding target fuel injection amount.
To avoid these problems, an amount of fuel that corresponds to a part of the requested fuel injection amount that cannot be injected by the fuel injection from the direct injector in the compression stroke, the late stage of the intake stroke, and the early stage of the intake stroke, is injected by the fuel injection from the port injector. This makes it unlikely that the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the compression stroke or the late stage of the intake stroke or the early stage of the intake stroke will increase beyond the corresponding target fuel injection amount to reach the requested fuel injection amount and thus adversely affect the fuel combustion. Also, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the compression stroke becomes equal to the corresponding target fuel injection amount, the fuel injection speed in the cylinder is increased through such combustion. Further, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke becomes equal to the corresponding target fuel injection amount, the air streams in the cylinder are intensified through such fuel injection. Additionally, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke becomes equal to the corresponding target fuel injection amount, the piston top is cooled appropriately through such fuel injection, and the occurrence of knocking is suppressed through such cooling.
Another form of the present invention includes a direct injector capable of injecting fuel into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine in a compression stroke and the late stage of an intake stroke of the engine and a port injector capable of injecting fuel into an intake port of the engine. The direct injector and the port injector are operated in the manner described below, when fuel is injected from the direct injector and the port injector to reach a requested fuel injection amount, which is determined based on the engine operating state.
Specifically, the target fuel injection amounts of fuel injection from the direct injector in the compression stroke and the late stage of the intake stroke are each set to a requested value corresponding to the engine operating state. That is, the target fuel injection amounts of the fuel injection from the direct injector in the shot in the compression stroke and the shot in the late stage of the intake stroke are set to the requested values corresponding to the engine operating state sequentially in the descending order according to the priority ranks given to the respective shots of the fuel injection. The direct injector is then actuated (to perform the fuel injection) in the compression stroke and the late stage of the intake stroke based on the corresponding target fuel injection amounts to achieve the target fuel injection amounts of the respective fuel injection shots.
In this case, the target fuel injection amounts of the fuel injection from the direct injector in the above-described shots are set based on the engine operating state to the values (the requested values) that maximize the advantages of the fuel injection in the respective shots, sequentially in the descending order according to the priority ranks given to the shots in the current engine operating state. The direct injector is then operated to achieve the target fuel injection amounts of the respective shots of the fuel injection. This achieves the advantages of the fuel injection in both shots of the fuel injection to a maximum extent to obtain maximum engine performance.
However, there may be a case in which the sum of the target fuel injection amounts of the fuel injection from the direct injector in the compression stroke and the late stage of the intake stroke falls short of the requested fuel injection amount. In this case, the fuel of the requested fuel injection amount cannot be fully injected by the fuel injection from the direct injector in the compression stroke and the late stage of the intake stroke. To solve this problem, an amount of fuel that corresponds to a part of the requested fuel injection amount that cannot be injected by the fuel injection from the direct injector in the above-described shots is set as the target fuel injection amount of the fuel injection from the port injector. The port injector is then operated based on the target fuel injection amount of the port injector to achieve the target fuel injection amount.
The fuel injection in the compression stroke improves the fuel injection speed in the cylinder. However, such fuel injection may adversely affect the fuel combustion if the fuel injection amount increases beyond the corresponding target fuel injection amount. The fuel injection from the direct injector in the late stage of the intake stroke promotes formation of air-fuel mixture by intensifying air streams in the cylinder. However, such fuel injection may adversely affect the fuel combustion if the fuel injection amount increases beyond the corresponding target fuel injection amount.
To avoid these problems, an amount of fuel that corresponds to a part of the requested fuel injection amount that cannot be injected by the fuel injection from the direct injector in the compression stroke and the late stage of the intake stroke is injected by the fuel injection from the port injector. This makes it unlikely that the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the compression stroke or the late stage of the intake stroke will increase beyond the corresponding target fuel injection amount to reach the requested fuel injection amount and thus adversely affect the fuel combustion. Also, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the compression stroke becomes equal to the corresponding target fuel injection amount, the fuel injection speed in the cylinder is increased through such combustion. Further, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke becomes equal to the corresponding target fuel injection amount, the air streams in the cylinder are intensified through such fuel injection.
Another form of the present invention operates a direct injector, which is capable of injecting fuel into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine to reach at least some of a requested fuel injection amount determined based on the engine operating state, in the manner described below to inject fuel from the direct injector. Specifically, target fuel injection amounts of fuel injection from the direct injector in shots in a compression stroke, the late stage of an intake stroke, and the early stage of the intake stroke are set to requested values corresponding to the engine operating state sequentially in the descending order according to the priority ranks given to the shots. The direct injector is then operated based on the target fuel injection amounts of the respective shots of the fuel injection to achieve the target fuel injection amounts.
In this case, the target fuel injection amounts of the fuel injection from the direct injector in the above-described shots are set based on the engine operating state to the values (the requested values) that maximize the advantages of the fuel injection in the respective shots, sequentially in the descending order according to the priority ranks given to the shots in the current engine operating state. The direct injector is then operated to achieve the target fuel injection amounts of the respective shots of the fuel injection. This achieves the advantages of the fuel injection in all shots of the fuel injection to a maximum extent to obtain maximum engine performance.
Another form of the invention sets the target fuel injection amount of the fuel injection from the direct injector in the early stage of the intake stroke to a greater value as the engine load becomes greater. Specifically, the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke cools the piston top using latent heat of vaporization produced by injected fuel and thus suppresses the occurrence of knocking in the engine through such cooling. The internal combustion engine has such an ignition timing that maximizes output torque (MBT). It is thus desirable that the ignition timing be advanced to the MBT without causing knocking. However, the temperature in the cylinder becomes higher and may induce knocking as the engine load becomes greater. The ignition timing of the engine thus must be retarded with respect to the MBT not to cause an excessive rise of the temperature in the cylinder. Such retardation of the ignition timing hampers increase in the output torque of the engine. However, by setting the target fuel injection amount in the early stage of the intake stroke to a greater value as the engine load becomes greater, as has been described, such fuel injection cools the piston top more effectively as the engine load becomes greater. A temperature rise in the cylinder thus becomes unlikely to occur and the knocking also becomes unlikely to happen. This allows advancement of the ignition timing of the engine toward the MBT, thus increasing the output torque of the engine through such ignition timing advancement.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an internal combustion engine as a whole employing a fuel injection control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a mode of fuel injection from a direct injector;
FIG. 3 is a graph representing the relationship between the fuel injection timing and the fuel combustion period in the cylinder in the fuel injection from the direct injector in the compression stroke;
FIG. 4 is a graph representing the difference of the manner in which the fuel economy of the engine changes in relation to change of the engine load between when the fuel injection from the direct injector in the compression stroke is performed and when such fuel injection is not performed;
FIG. 5 is a graph representing the change of the unburned fuel amount in the cylinder in relation to the change of the fuel injection timing of the direct injector in the intake stroke;
FIG. 6 is a graph representing the relationship between the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection from the direct injector in the early stage of the intake stroke and the ignition timing (the knock limit ignition timing) of the engine at the time when the ignition timing is advanced to such a limit that knocking does not occur;
FIG. 7 is a graph representing the difference of the manner in which the knock limit ignition timing changes in relation to change of the engine load between when the fuel injection from the direct injector in the early stage of the intake stroke is performed and when such fuel injection is not performed;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart representing a procedure for setting target fuel injection amounts for respective shots of the fuel injection from the direct cylinder and a target fuel injection amount for fuel injection from a port injector;
FIG. 9 is another flowchart representing the procedure for setting the target fuel injection amounts for the respective shots of the fuel injection from the direct cylinder and the target fuel injection amount for the fuel injection from the port injector;
FIG. 10 is a flowchart representing a procedure for calculating a first fuel injection period;
FIG. 11 is a graph representing the manner in which the first fuel injection period changes in relation to change of the engine speed and change of the engine load;
FIG. 12 is a flowchart for calculating a second fuel injection period;
FIG. 13 is a graph representing the manner in which the second fuel injection period changes in relation to change of the engine speed and change of the engine load;
FIG. 14 is a flowchart representing a procedure for calculating a third fuel injection period;
FIG. 15 is another flowchart representing the procedure for calculating the third fuel injection period;
FIG. 16(a) is a graph representing the manners in which final ignition timings E, F, I, and J and MBT change in relation to change of the engine load;
FIG. 16(b) is a graph representing change of the manner in which the engine 1 performs fuel injection;
FIG. 17 is a flowchart representing a procedure for calculating an ignition timing command value;
FIG. 18 is a graph representing the relationship between the ignition timing and the output torque of an internal combustion engine employing a fuel injection control device according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 19 is a flowchart representing steps for executing a priority rank correcting procedure;
FIG. 20 is a flowchart representing a procedure for setting target fuel injection amounts by the fuel injection control device of the second embodiment; and
FIG. 21 is another flowchart representing the procedure for setting the target fuel injection amounts by the fuel injection control device of the second embodiment.



MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
First Embodiment
A first embodiment of a fuel injection control device for an internal combustion engine mounted in a vehicle according to the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 17.
As shown in FIG. 1, a throttle valve 4 is arranged in an intake passage 2 of an internal combustion engine 1 and selectively opens and closes to adjust the amount of air drawn into a combustion chamber 3 (the intake air amount). The opening degree of the throttle valve 4 (the throttle opening degree) is adjusted in correspondence with the operating amount of an accelerator pedal 5 (the accelerator operating amount), which is depressed by the driver of the vehicle. The engine 1 has a port injector 6, which injects fuel from the intake passage 2 into an intake port 2a of the combustion chamber 3, and a direct injector 7, which injects fuel into the combustion chamber 3 (into a cylinder). The fuel is supplied to the injectors 6, 7 from a fuel tank 8.
Specifically, the fuel in the fuel tank 8 is drawn by a feed pump 9 and then delivered to the port injector 6 via a low-pressure fuel pipe 31. The fuel pressure in the low-pressure fuel pipe 31 is adjusted to the feed pressure through operation control performed on the feed pump 9 and prevented from excessively increasing by a pressure regulator 32, which is formed in the low-pressure fuel pipe 31. Some of the fuel in the low-pressure fuel pipe 31, which has been drawn by the feed pump 9, is pressurized by a high-pressure fuel pump 10 to a value higher than the feed pressure (hereinafter, referred to as the direct injection pressure) and then supplied to the direct injector 7 via a high-pressure fuel pipe 33.
In the engine 1, air-fuel mixture is formed by the fuel injected from the injectors 6, 7 and the air flowing in the intake passage 2 and received in the combustion chamber 3. The air-fuel mixture is then ignited by a spark plug 12. The air-fuel mixture thus burns and produces combustion energy, which reciprocates a piston 13 to rotate a crankshaft 14. The burned air-fuel mixture is discharged to an exhaust passage 15 as exhaust gas. An intake valve 26 selectively opens and closes through rotation of an intake camshaft 25, to which rotation of the crankshaft 14 is transmitted, to permit or block communication between the combustion chamber 3 and the intake passage 2. An exhaust valve 28 selectively opens and closes through rotation of an exhaust camshaft 27, to which rotation of the crankshaft 14 is transmitted, to permit or block communication between the combustion chamber 3 and the exhaust passage 15.
The engine 1 has a variable valve timing mechanism 29 as a variable valve actuation mechanism for varying the characteristics of opening and closing of the intake valve 26. The variable valve timing mechanism 29 changes the rotation phase of the intake camshaft 25 relative to the rotation phase of the crankshaft 14 (the valve timing of the intake valve 26). The variable valve timing mechanism 29 is actuated to advance or retard both the opening timing and the closing timing of the intake valve 26 with the opening period (the actuation angle) of the intake valve 26 maintained constant.
The electric configuration of the fuel injection control device of the first embodiment will hereafter be described.
The fuel injection control device includes an electronic control unit 16, which carries out various types of operation control of the engine 1. The electronic control unit 16 has a CPU for executing various calculation procedures related to the operation control, a ROM for storing programs and data necessary for the control, a RAM for temporarily memorizing calculation results from the CPU, and input and output ports for inputting and outputting signals from and to the exterior.
Various sensors including the sensors described below are connected to the input port of the electronic control unit 16.
An accelerator position sensor 17 detects the accelerator operation amount.
A throttle position sensor 18 detects the throttle opening degree.
An air flow meter 19 detects the amount of the air passing through the intake passage 2 (the intake air amount of the engine 1).
A crank position sensor 20 outputs signals corresponding to rotation of the crankshaft 14.
A cam position sensor 21 outputs signals corresponding to the rotational position of the intake camshaft 25 based on rotation of the intake camshaft 25.
A coolant temperature sensor 22 detects the temperature of the coolant in the engine 1.
A first pressure sensor 23 detects the fuel pressure in the low-pressure fuel pipe 31 (the feed pressure).
A second pressure sensor 24 detects the fuel pressure in the high-pressure fuel pipe 33 (the direct injection pressure).
A knock sensor 30 detects knocking in the engine 1.
Drive circuits for various devices, including the throttle valve 4, the port injector 6, the direct injector 7, the spark plug 12, and the variable valve timing mechanism 29, are connected to the output port of the electronic control unit 16.
Based on signals received from the above-described sensors, the electronic control unit 16 determines the engine operating state including the engine speed and the engine load. The electronic control unit 16 then provides command signals to drive circuits for various devices, including the throttle valve 4, the injectors 6, 7, the feed pump 9, the spark plug 12, and the variable valve timing mechanism 29, based on the engine operating state. In this manner, the various types of operation control of the engine 1, such as throttle opening degree control, fuel injection control, and ignition timing control for the engine 1 and valve timing control for the intake valve 26, are carried out through the electronic control unit 16. When performing the fuel injection control, the electronic control unit 16 functions as a drive section for driving the port injector 6 and the direct injector 7.
Specifically, the aforementioned engine speed is determined using a detection signal from the crank position sensor 20. The engine load is calculated using a parameter corresponding to the intake air amount of the engine 1 and the engine speed. The parameter corresponding to the intake air amount may be an actual measurement of the intake air amount of the engine 1 determined using a detection signal from the air flow meter 19, the throttle opening degree obtained from a detection signal from the throttle position sensor 18, or the accelerator operation amount determined using a detection signal from the accelerator position sensor 17.
Fuel injection amount control is performed as part of the fuel injection control of the engine 1 by determining a requested fuel injection amount Qfin for the engine 1 as a whole based on the engine operating state including the engine speed and the engine load and then operating the port injector 6 and the direct injector 7 to inject fuel such that the requested fuel injection amount Qfin is reached. Specifically, in this control, the direct injector 7 is actuated to ensure fuel injection of at least some of the amount corresponding to requested fuel injection amount Qfin.
The fuel injection from the direct injector 7 may include shots of fuel injection in the compression stroke, the late stage of the intake stroke, and the early stage of the intake stroke of the engine 1. FIG. 2 illustrates fuel injection periods corresponding to the fuel injection shots by way of example. In the drawing, the first fuel injection period d1 represents the fuel injection shot in the compression stroke. The second fuel injection period d2 represents the fuel injection shot in the late stage of the intake stroke. The third fuel injection period d3 represents the fuel injection shot in the early stage of the intake stroke. Since predetermined time intervals need to be set among the first fuel injection period d1, the second fuel injection period d2, and the third fuel injection period d3, maximum values for the respective fuel injection periods d1, d2, d3 are determined based on the predetermined time intervals. As has been described in BACKGROUND ART, the fuel injection shots of the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke, the late stage of the intake stroke, and the early stage of the intake stroke bring about desired engine operation described in the items [1], [2], and [3], respectively, as will be described below.
[1] The fuel injection shot in the compression stroke characteristically collects injected fuel near the spark plug through air streams in the cylinder and thus achieves desirable ignition of the fuel in the cylinder to increase the fuel combustion speed. FIG. 3 represents the relationship between the fuel injection timing of the direct injector 7 and the fuel combustion period in the cylinder. As is clear from the graph, the combustion speed of the fuel in the cylinder increases and the combustion period of the fuel decreases when the fuel injection timing is set after the time point BDC (the fuel injection timing is set in the compression stroke), compared with when the fuel injection timing is set before the time point BDC (the fuel injection timing is set in the intake stroke). FIG. 4 represents the difference of the manner in which the fuel economy of the engine 1 changes in relation to change of the engine load between when fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke is performed and when such fuel injection is not carried out. In the graph, the solid curve represents the case with the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke and the broken curve represents the case without such fuel injection. From comparison between these cases, it is clear that, when the operating range of the engine 1 is in a relatively high load range, the fuel injection in the compression stroke increases the combustion speed of the fuel in the cylinder and thus improves the fuel economy of the engine 1.
[2] The fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke is advantageous in that, when the movement speed of the piston 13 decreases and thus reduces air stream generation in the cylinder caused by movement of the piston 13, the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke intensifies the air streams in the cylinder to achieve desired fuel combustion. FIG. 5 represents change of the unburned fuel amount in the cylinder in relation to change of the fuel injection timing of the direct injector 7 in the intake stroke. As is clear from the graph, the air streams in the cylinder intensified through the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke promote formation of air-fuel mixture in the cylinder to achieve desired fuel combustion, thus decreasing the unburned fuel amount in the cylinder.
[3] The fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke allows the injected fuel to adhere directly onto the top of the piston 13, thus cooling the top of the piston 13 through latent heat of vaporization generated by the fuel and suppressing the occurrence of knocking in the engine 1. FIG. 6 represents the relationship between the fuel injection amount in the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke and the ignition timing at the time when the ignition timing of the engine 1 is advanced maximally to such a limit that knocking does not occur (the knock limit ignition timing). The graph shows that, as the fuel injection amount in the early stage of the intake stroke becomes greater, the top of the piston 13 is cooled with more effectiveness, thus advancing the knock limit ignition timing. FIG. 7 represents the difference of the manner in which the knock limit ignition timing changes in relation to change of the engine load between when the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke is performed and when such fuel injection is not carried out. In the graph, the solid curve represents the knock limit ignition timing in the case with the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke and the double-dotted broken curve represents the knock limit ignition timing in the case without the aforementioned fuel injection. From comparison between these cases, it is clear that the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke advances the knock limit ignition timing. When the engine 1 is in an operating range with comparatively high load, such advancement of the knock limit ignition timing allows the knock limit ignition timing to be a value close to the ignition timing that maximizes the output torque of the engine 1 (MBT). The ignition timing MBT is represented by the broken curve in FIG. 7.
Operation of the fuel injection control device of the first embodiment will hereafter be described.
To inject fuel from the direct injector 7 and the port injector 6 to reach the requested fuel injection amount Qfin of the engine 1, the fuel injection control device drives the direct injector 7 and the port injector 6 in the manner described below. First, the fuel injection control device sets a target fuel injection amount Qd1 of the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke, a target fuel injection amount Qd2 of such fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke, and a target fuel injection amount Qd3 of the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke each to a requested value corresponding to the engine operating state. Specifically, the target fuel injection amounts Qd1, Qd2, Qd3 are set to the requested values corresponding to the engine operating state sequentially in the descending order according to the priority ranks given to the corresponding shots of fuel injection from the direct injector 7, which are the shot in the compression stroke, the shot in the late stage of the intake stroke, and the shot in the early stage of the intake stroke. By repeating such setting of the target fuel injection amounts, the sum of the target fuel injection amounts approaches the requested fuel injection amount Qfin. Specifically, such setting of the target fuel injection amounts is repeated until the sum of the target fuel injection amounts becomes equal to the requested fuel injection amount Qfin. The fuel injection control device then drives the direct injector 7 based on the set target fuel injection amounts Qd1 to Qd3 such that the target fuel injection amounts Qd1 to Qd3 are achieved in the respective fuel injection shots.
In this case, sequentially in the descending order according to the priority ranks of the fuel injection shots of the direct injector 7 determined in correspondence with the current engine operating state, the target fuel injection amounts Qd1 to Qd3 of the corresponding fuel injection shots are set based on the engine operating state to such values (the requested values) that maximize the advantages of the respective injection shots. Accordingly, by operating the direct injector 7 to achieve the thus set target fuel injection amounts Qd1 to Qd3 in the respective fuel injection shots, the advantages of the fuel injection shots are obtained altogether to a maximum extent and thus engine operation with its maximum performance is achieved.
However, there may be a case where the sum of the target fuel injection amounts Qd1 to Qd3 of the fuel injection shots of the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke, the late stage of the intake stroke, and the early stage of the intake stroke falls short of the requested fuel injection amount Qfin. If this is the case, the fuel of the amount corresponding to the requested fuel injection amount Qfin cannot be injected by the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke, the late stage of the intake stroke, and the early stage of the intake stroke. However, in this case, an amount of fuel that corresponds to a part of the requested fuel injection amount Qfin that cannot be injected by the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the respective shots is set as a target fuel injection amount Qp for fuel injection from the port injector 6. The port injector 6 is thus operated based on the set target fuel injection amount Qp to achieve the target fuel injection amount Qp.
Specifically, the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke increases the fuel combustion speed in the cylinder. However, if the fuel injection amount increases beyond the target fuel injection amount Qd1, such fuel injection may adversely affect the fuel combustion. Also, the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the late stage of the intake stroke promotes air-fuel mixture formation by intensifying air streams in the cylinder. However, when the fuel injection amount increases beyond the target fuel injection amount Qd2, such fuel injection may adversely affect the fuel combustion. Further, the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke cools the top of the piston 13 using latent heat of vaporization produced by injected fuel to cool the temperature in the cylinder, thus suppressing the occurrence of knocking. However, if the fuel injection amount increases beyond the target fuel injection amount Qd3, such fuel injection may cause an excessive temperature drop in the cylinder, thus adversely affecting the fuel combustion.
Accordingly, the port injector 6 injects an amount of fuel that corresponds to a part of the requested fuel injection amount Qfin that cannot be injected by the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke, the late stage of the intake stroke, and the early stage of the intake stroke. This makes it unlikely that the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the compression stroke or the late stage of the intake stroke or the early stage of the intake stroke will increase beyond the corresponding target fuel injection amount to reach the requested fuel injection amount Qfin, thus adversely affecting fuel combustion. Also, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the compression stroke becomes equal to the target fuel injection amount Qd1, the fuel combustion speed in the cylinder is increased through such fuel injection. Further, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke becomes equal to the target fuel injection amount Qd2, the air streams in the cylinder are intensified through such fuel injection. Additionally, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke becomes equal to the target fuel injection amount Qd3, the top of the piston 13 is cooled appropriately such that the occurrence of knocking is suppressed through such cooling.
The target fuel injection amounts Qd2, Qd2, Qd3 of the respective fuel injection shots of the direct injector 7 and the target fuel injection amount Qp of the fuel injection from the port injector 6 are calculated in the manner described below, as represented in the flowcharts of FIGS. 8 and 9 each representing a fuel injection amount calculating routine. The fuel injection calculating routine is performed by the electronic control unit 16 in an interrupting manner every predetermined crank angle.
The routine is started by determining the requested fuel injection amount Qfin of the engine 1 based on the engine operating state such as the engine speed and the engine load (S101 in FIG. 8) and then the steps (A), (B), (C), and (D) described below are carried out. (A) A procedure for setting the target fuel injection amount Qd1 of the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke (S102 to S106). (B) A procedure for setting the target fuel injection amount Qd2 of the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the late stage of the intake stroke (S107 to S112). (C) A procedure for setting the target fuel injection amount Qd3 of the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke (steps S113 to S118 in FIG. 9). (D) A procedure for setting the target fuel injection amount Qp of the fuel injection from the port injector 6 (S119 and S120).
The procedures (A), (B), (C), and (D) are performed sequentially in this order. When performing these procedures, the electronic control unit 16 functions as a setting section for setting the target fuel injection amounts Qd1 to Qd3 and Qp. Specifically, in the shots of the fuel injection from the direct injector 7, a fuel injection shot closer to the ignition timing of the engine 1 has a greater influence on fuel ignition depending on variation of the fuel injection amount and is thus given higher priority. Accordingly, the procedures (A) to (C) regarding the fuel injection of the direct injector 7 are performed in the aforementioned order.
The procedures (A) to (D) will hereafter be described in detail.
The procedure (A) is started by calculating a first fuel injection period d1, which is the period necessary for allowing the fuel injection amount of the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke to become equal to the optimal value for the current engine operating state (the requested value), based on the engine operating state including the engine speed and the engine load and the direct injection pressure (S102). Then, the target fuel injection amount Qd1 is calculated by multiplying the first fuel injection period d1 by the direct injection pressure (S103). Afterwards, it is determined whether the target fuel injection amount Qd1 is smaller than or equal to the requested fuel injection amount Qfin (S104). If a positive determination is made in Step S104, the target fuel injection amount Qd1 determined in Step S103 is maintained (S105). In contrast, if the determination of Step S104 is negative, the target fuel injection amount Qd1 is replaced by the requested fuel injection amount Qfin (S106).
The procedure (B) is started by calculating a remaining amount Q1, which is the value obtained by subtracting the target fuel injection amount Qd1 set in the procedure (A) from the requested fuel injection amount Qfin (S107). Subsequently, a second fuel injection period d2, which is the period necessary for allowing the fuel injection amount of the direct injector 7 in the late stage of the intake stroke to become equal to the optimal value for the current engine operating state (the requested value), is calculated (S108). Then, the target fuel injection amount Qd2 is calculated by multiplying the second fuel injection period d2 by the direct injection pressure (S109). Afterwards, it is determined whether the target fuel injection amount Qd2 is smaller than or equal to the remaining amount Q1 (S110). If a positive determination is made in Step S110, the target fuel injection amount Qd2 determined in Step S109 is maintained (S111). In contrast, if the determination of Step S110 is negative, the target fuel injection amount Qd2 is replaced by the remaining amount Q1 (S112).
The procedure (C) is started by calculating a remaining amount Q2, which is the value obtained by subtracting the target fuel injection amount Qd2 set in the procedure (B) from the remaining amount Q1 (S113). Subsequently, a third fuel injection period d3, which is the period necessary for allowing the fuel injection amount of the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke to become equal to the optimal value for the current engine operating state (the requested value), is calculated (S114). Then, the target fuel injection amount Qd3 is calculated by multiplying the third fuel injection period d3 by the direct injection pressure (S115). Afterwards, it is determined whether the target fuel injection amount Qd3 is smaller than or equal to the remaining amount Q2 (S116). If a positive determination is made in Step S116, the target fuel injection amount Qd3 determined in Step S115 is maintained (S117). In contrast, if the determination of Step S116 is negative, the target fuel injection amount Qd3 is replaced by the remaining amount Q2 (S118).
In the procedure (D), a remaining amount Q3, which is the value determined by subtracting the target fuel injection amount Qd3 set in the procedure (C) from the remaining amount Q2, is calculated (S119). The remaining amount Q3 is then set as the target fuel injection amount Qp of the fuel injection from the port injector 6 (S120).
Calculation of the first fuel injection period d1 in Step S102 (FIG. 8) according to the injection amount calculating routine will hereafter be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 10, which represents a first fuel injection period calculating routine. The first fuel injection period calculating routine is carried out by the electronic control unit 16 every time Step S102 is performed.
In the first fuel injection amount calculating routine, it is determined whether the current engine operating state including the engine speed and the engine load is in a range where the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke should be performed (S201). It is also determined whether the direct injection pressure is in a range where the aforementioned fuel injection in the compression stroke can be carried out (S202). If positive determinations are made in both Step S201 and Step S202, the first fuel injection period d1 is calculated as a function of the engine speed and the engine load with reference to a map (S203). The thus determined first fuel injection period d1 is set to a greater value as the engine load becomes greater and the engine speed becomes higher, as represented in FIG. 11, for example, such that the injected fuel corresponds to such a value that an easily ignited air-fuel mixture (less rich air-fuel mixture) can be formed near the spark plug in the cylinder. Also, the first fuel injection period d1 is guarded not to increase beyond its maximum value. In contrast, if a negative determination is made in either Step S201 or Step S202, the first fuel injection period d1 is set to 0 to prevent the fuel injection in the compression stroke (S204).
Calculation of the second fuel injection period d2 in Step S108 (FIG. 8) according to the injection amount calculating routine will hereafter be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 12, which represents a second fuel injection period calculating routine. The second fuel injection period calculating routine is carried out by the electronic control unit 16 every time Step S108 is performed.
In the second fuel injection amount calculating routine, the second fuel injection period d2 is calculated based on the engine speed and the engine load with reference to a map (S301). The thus determined second fuel injection period d2 is set to a greater value as the engine load becomes greater and the engine speed becomes higher, as represented in FIG. 13, for example, such that the injected fuel intensifies the air streams in the cylinder and the amount of the injected fuel is minimized. Also, the second fuel injection period d2 is guarded not to increase beyond its maximum value.
Calculation of the third fuel injection period d3 in Step S114 (FIG. 9) according to the injection amount calculating routine will hereafter be described in detail with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. 14 and 15, each of which represents a third fuel injection period calculating routine. The third fuel injection period calculating routine is executed by the electronic control unit 16 every time Step S114 is carried out.
In the third fuel injection period calculating routine, it is determined whether the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke is carried out, that is, for example, whether the first fuel injection period d1 is greater than 0 (S401). If a positive determination is made in Step S401, a procedure for calculating the third fuel injection period d3 for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is performed (S402 to S408) is carried out.
In this procedure, the third fuel injection period d3 is calculated based on MBT, a final ignition timing E, a final ignition timing I, and a maximum value α using the expression (1): d3=α·(MBT−E)/(I−E). In the expression (1), the MBT represents the ignition timing that maximizes the output torque of the engine 1 for the case where the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke is performed. The final ignition timing E is the optimal ignition timing of the engine 1 in the case where the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke is performed and the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke is not carried out. The final ignition timing I is the optimal ignition timing of the engine 1 for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is performed and the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke is carried out to a maximum extent to suppress the occurrence of knocking in the engine 1. The final ignition timings I, E change as the engine load changes as represented in, for example, FIG. 16(a). The maximum value α is the fuel injection period for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is performed and the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke is carried out to a maximum extent.
Steps S402 to S408 of FIG. 14 will hereafter be described in detail. The procedure of these steps is started by calculating the MBT in the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is performed in correspondence with the engine speed and the engine load (S402). Then, a basic ignition timing, which is a reference ignition timing of the engine 1 in the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is carried out and the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke is not performed, is calculated in correspondence with the engine operating state including the engine speed and the engine load (S403). The basic ignition timing is then subjected to different types of correction including correction based on whether knocking occurs in the engine 1 (KCS correction), correction based on the coolant temperature of the engine 1, and correction based on the valve timing of the intake valve 26 to obtain the final ignition timing E (S404). Also, another basic ignition timing, which is a reference ignition timing of the engine 1 for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is performed and the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke is carried out to a maximum extent to advance the knock limit of the engine 1, is calculated in correspondence with the engine operating state including the engine speed and the engine load (S405). The thus obtained basic ignition timing is subjected to different types of correction including the KCS correction, the correction based on the coolant temperature of the engine 1, and the correction based on the valve timing of the intake valve 26 to determine the final ignition timing I (S406). After the final ignition timing E and the final ignition timing I are obtained in the above-described manners, the maximum value a is calculated based on the engine operating state including the engine speed and the engine load (S407). Then, the third fuel injection period d3 for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is carried out is calculated based on the MBT, the final ignition timing E, the final ignition timing I, and the maximum value α, using the expression (1) (S408).
In contrast, if it is determined that the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke is not carried out in Step S401, a procedure for calculating the third fuel injection period d3 for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is not performed (Steps S409 to S414 of FIG. 15) is executed.
In this procedure, the third fuel injection period d3 is calculated based on the MBT, a final ignition timing F, a final ignition timing J, and a maximum value β using the expression (2): d3=β·(MBT−F)/(J−F). In the expression (2), the MBT represents the ignition timing that maximizes the output torque of the engine 1 for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is not performed. The final ignition timing F is the optimal ignition timing of the engine 1 for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is not performed and the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke is not carried out. The final ignition timing J is the optimal ignition timing of the engine 1 for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is not performed and the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke is carried out to a maximum extent to suppress the occurrence of knocking in the engine 1. The final ignition timings F, J change as the engine load changes as represented in, for example, FIG. 16(a). The maximum value β is the fuel injection period for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is not performed and the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke is carried out to a maximum extent.
Steps S409 to S414 of FIG. 15 will hereafter be described in detail. The procedure of these steps is started by calculating the MBT for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is not performed based on the engine speed and the engine load (S409). Then, a basic ignition timing, which is a reference ignition timing of the engine 1 for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is not carried out and the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke is not performed, is calculated based on the engine operating state including the engine speed and the engine load (S410). The basic ignition timing is then subjected to different types of correction including the correction based on whether knocking occurs in the engine 1 (the KCS correction), the correction based on the coolant temperature of the engine 1, and the correction based on the valve timing of the intake valve 26 to obtain the final ignition timing F (S411). Also, another basic ignition timing, which is a reference ignition timing of the engine 1 for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is not performed and the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke is carried out to a maximum extent to advance the knock limit of the engine 1, is calculated based on the engine operating state including the engine speed and the engine load (S412). The thus obtained basic ignition timing is subjected to different types of correction including the KCS correction, the correction based on the coolant temperature of the engine 1, and the correction based on the valve timing of the intake valve 26 to determine the final ignition timing J(S413). After the final ignition timing F and the final ignition timing J are obtained in the above-described manners, the maximum value β is calculated based on engine operating state including the engine speed and the engine load (S414). Then, the third fuel injection period d3 for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is not carried out is calculated based on the MBT, the final ignition timing F, the final ignition timing J, and the maximum value β, using the expression (2) (S415).
After the third fuel injection period d3 is calculated in Step S408 (FIG. 14) or S415 (FIG. 15), the third fuel injection period d3 is guarded not to exceed its maximum value. Then, it is determined whether the third fuel injection period d3 is smaller than 0 (S416 in FIG. 14). If a positive determination is made in Step S416, the third fuel injection period d3 is set to 0 (S417). Specifically, in this case, when the final ignition timing F is advanced with respect to (greater than) the MBT in the low-load operating range of the engine 1, as represented in FIG. 16(a), the third fuel injection period d3 calculated using the expression (2) is set to a value less than 0. In this case, the third fuel injection period d3 is set to 0 through Steps S416 and S417.
An example of how the fuel injection of the engine 1 changes in relation to change of the engine load will now be described with reference to FIG. 16.
In FIG. 16(b), the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke is performed in the range AR1 and the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the late stage of the intake stroke is carried out in the range AR2. The fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke is performed in the range AR3 and the fuel injection from the port injector 6 is carried out in the range AR4. As is clear from FIG. 16(b), the range AR2 corresponds to the entire change range of the engine load. The range AR3 is in the range of the engine load greater than the predetermined value KL1, which is the load range in which the final ignition timing F (FIG. 16(a)) is retarded with respect to (less than) the MBT. The range AR1 is in the range of the engine load greater than the predetermined value KL2, which is the load range in which the final ignition timings E, I (FIG. 16(a)) are both retarded with respect to (less than) the MBT.
When the engine load is the minimum, the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the late stage of the intake stroke by the target fuel injection amount Qd2 is performed to reach the requested fuel injection amount Qfin. Then, after the engine load increases with respect to the minimum value, the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the late stage of the intake stroke by the target fuel injection amount Qd2 and the fuel injection from the port injector 6 by the target fuel injection amount Qp are performed until the engine load reaches the predetermined value KL1, such that the requested fuel injection amount Qfin is reached.
In the period from when the engine load exceeds the predetermined value KL1 to when the engine load reaches the predetermined value KL2, the fuel injection from the port injector 6 by the target fuel injection amount Qp is carried out while the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the late stage of the intake stroke by the target fuel injection amount Qd2 and the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke by the target fuel injection amount Qd3 are performed. In this manner, the requested fuel injection amount Qfin is reached. Further, after the engine load exceeds the predetermined value KL2, the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke by the target fuel injection amount Qd1, the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke by the target fuel injection amount Qd2, and the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke by the target fuel injection amount Qd3 are performed. As a result, the requested fuel injection amount Qfin is reached.
As represented in FIG. 16(b), in this example, the target fuel injection amount Qd3 of the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke is set to a greater value as the engine load becomes greater in the range from the values KL1 to KL2. Accordingly, even though the temperature in the cylinder rises to increase the possibility of knocking in the engine 1 as the engine load increases, the target fuel injection amount Qd3 increases as the engine load rises such that the top of the piston 13 is effectively cooled through the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke by the target fuel injection amount Qd3. This suppresses the temperature rise in the cylinder and thus reduces the possibility of knocking, thus allowing advancement of the ignition timing of the engine 1 toward the MBT. The output torque of the engine 1 is thus increased through such ignition timing advancement.
Calculation of an ignition timing command value K, which is used in ignition timing control of the engine 1, will now be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 17, which represents an ignition timing calculating routine. The ignition timing calculating routine is carried out by the electronic control unit 16 in an interrupting manner every predetermined crank angle, for example.
The ignition timing calculating routine is started by determining whether the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke is carried out (S501). If a positive determination is made in Step S501, a procedure for calculating the ignition timing command value K for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is performed (Steps S502 to S506) is carried out.
In this procedure, the MBT, the final ignition timing E, the final ignition timing I, and the maximum value α are calculated (S502), as in Steps S402, S404, S406, and S407 of the third fuel injection period calculating routine (FIG. 14). Using the obtained final ignition timing E, final ignition timing I, and maximum value α and the third fuel injection period d3 calculated in Step S408 of the third fuel injection period calculating routine, the ignition timing command value K for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is performed is calculated using the expression (3): K=E+(I−E)·(d3/α) (S503). Then, it is determined whether the obtained ignition timing command value K is advanced with respect to (greater than) the MBT (S504). When a positive determination is made in Step S504, the ignition timing command value K is replaced by the MBT (S505). If the determination in Step S504 is negative, the ignition timing command value K is maintained (S506).
In contrast, if it is determined that the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke is not carried out in Step S501, a procedure for calculating an ignition timing command value K for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is not performed (Steps S507 to S511) is carried out.
In this procedure, the MBT, the final ignition timing F, the final ignition timing J, and the maximum value β are calculated (S507), as in Steps S409, S411, S413, and S414 of the third fuel injection period calculating routine (FIG. 15). Using the obtained final ignition timing F, final ignition timing J, and maximum value β and the third fuel injection period d3 calculated in Step S415 of the third fuel injection period calculating routine, the ignition timing command value K for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is not performed is calculated using the expression (4): K=F+(J−F)·(d3/β) (S508). Then, it is determined whether the obtained ignition timing command value K is advanced with respect to (greater than) the MBT (S509). When a positive determination is made in Step S509, the ignition timing command value K is replaced by the MBT (S510). If the determination in Step S509 is negative, the ignition timing command value K is maintained (S511).
After the ignition timing command value K is calculated in the above-described manner, the ignition timing of the engine 1 is controlled based on the ignition timing command value K. By controlling the ignition timing of the engine 1 in this manner, the ignition timing of the engine 1 is controlled to a value closest possible to the MBT, which is represented by the broken curve in FIG. 16(a), in a range where knocking does not occur. If the ignition timing is retarded with respect to the value corresponding to the MBT, the ignition timing is brought maximally close to the MBT in a range where knocking does not occur.
The first embodiment, which has been described in detail, has the advantages described below.
(1) When the direct injector 7 and the port injector 6 inject fuel such that the requested fuel injection amount Qfin of the engine 1 is reached, the direct injector 7 is operated in the manner described below. Specifically, the target fuel injection amounts Qd1, Qd2, Qd3 are set based on the engine operating state to the requested values corresponding to the engine operating state sequentially in the descending order according to the priority ranks given to the fuel injection shots of the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke, the late stage of the intake stroke, and the early stage of the intake stroke. Such setting is repeated until the sum of the target fuel injection amounts Qd1 to Qd3 becomes equal to the requested fuel injection amount Qfin. The direct injector 7 is then operated to achieve the target fuel injection amounts Qd1 to Qd3 in the respective fuel injection shots. In this case, sequentially in the descending order according to the priority ranks given to the fuel injection shots of the direct injector 7 in the current engine operating state, the target fuel injection amounts Qd1 to Qd3 of the corresponding fuel injection shots are set based on the engine operating state to the values that maximize the advantages of the fuel injection shots (the requested values). By operating the direct injector 7 to achieve the thus set target fuel injection amounts Qd1 to Qd3 in the respective fuel injection shots, the advantages of the fuel injection shots are brought about altogether to a maximum extent and thus engine operation with its maximum performance is achieved.
(2) When the sum of the target fuel injection amounts Qd1 to Qd3 is short of the requested fuel injection amount Qfin, an amount of fuel that corresponds to the shortage is set as the target fuel injection amount Qp of the fuel injection from the port injector 6. The port injector 6 is then actuated based on the target fuel injection amount Qp to achieve the target fuel injection amount Qp. The port injector 6 thus injects an amount of fuel that corresponds to a part of the requested fuel injection amount Qfin that cannot be injected by the fuel injection in the compression stroke, the late stage of the intake stroke, and the early stage of the intake stroke. This makes it unlikely that the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the compression stroke or the late stage of the intake stroke or the early stage of the intake stroke will increase beyond the corresponding target fuel injection amount to reach the requested fuel injection amount Qfin, thus adversely affecting fuel combustion. Also, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the compression stroke becomes equal to the target fuel injection amount Qd1, the fuel combustion speed in the cylinder through such fuel injection is increased. Further, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke becomes equal to the target fuel injection amount Qd2, the air streams in the cylinder are intensified through such fuel injection. Additionally, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke becomes equal to the target fuel injection amount Qd3, the top of the piston 13 is cooled appropriately through such fuel injection and thus the occurrence of knocking is suppressed through such cooling.
(3) The target fuel injection amount Qd3 of the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke is set to a greater value as the engine load becomes greater in the range from the predetermined value KL1 to the predetermined value KL2. Accordingly, even though the increased engine load raises the temperature in the cylinder and may easily induce knocking, the target fuel injection amount Qd3 increases correspondingly to the increased engine load and thus allows the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke by the target fuel injection amount Qd3 to cool the top of the piston 13 effectively. It is thus unlikely that the temperature in the cylinder increases and will induce knocking. This allows advancement of the ignition timing of the engine 1 toward the MBT, thus increasing the output torque of the engine 1 through such ignition timing advancement.
Second Embodiment
A second embodiment of the present invention will hereafter be described with reference to FIGS. 18 to 21.
When the ignition timing (the ignition timing command value K) of the engine 1 is excessively retarded with respect to the MBT, the temperature in the cylinder may be excessively high and thus induce knocking. Accordingly, in the second embodiment, the fuel injection shot of the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke, which decreases the temperature in the cylinder, is given comparatively high priority. The target fuel injection amount Qd3 of the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke is thus set with higher priority than in the first embodiment. That is, setting of the target fuel injection amount Qd3 is performed earlier than such setting in the first embodiment.
When the output torque of the engine 1 changes in relation to change of the ignition timing of the engine 1 as represented in FIG. 18, for example, the ignition timing at which the output torque is maximized corresponds to the MBT. If the temperature in the cylinder of the engine 1 increases and is likely to induce knocking, the ignition timing command value K is retarded through the KCS correction and the like. Accordingly, the ignition timing command value K becomes excessively retarded with respect to the MBT, thus reducing the output torque of the engine 1.
It may be determined that the ignition timing command value K is excessively retarded with respect to the MBT when the difference between the ignition timing command value K and the final ignition timing I (or the final ignition timing J) is greater than or equal to a determination value. Alternatively, the retardation rate of the ignition timing command value K with respect to the MBT and the retardation rate of the final ignition timing I (or the final ignition timing J) with respect to the MBT may be determined. In this case, if the difference between the determined retardation rates is greater than or equal to a determination value, it is determined that the ignition timing command value K is excessively retarded with respect to the MBT.
When it is determined that the ignition timing command value K is excessively retarded with respect to the MBT, the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke may be given comparatively high priority. The target fuel injection amount Qd3 of such fuel injection is set comparatively early to lower the temperature in the cylinder. The lowered temperature in the cylinder suppresses the occurrence of knocking in the engine 1 and advances the ignition timing command value K, which has been retarded though the KCS correction and the like to suppress the occurrence of knocking, thus making it unlikely that the output torque of the engine 1 will decrease as has been described.
A procedure for correcting the priority ranks of the fuel injection shots of the direct injector 7 will hereafter be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 19, which represents a priority rank correcting routine. The priority rank correcting routine is carried out by the electronic control unit 16 in an interrupting manner every predetermined time interval.
The priority rank correcting routine is started by determining whether the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke is carried out (S601). If a positive determination is made in Step S601, a procedure for determining whether the ignition timing command value K is excessively retarded with respect to the MBT for the case where the aforementioned fuel injection in the compression stroke is performed (Steps S601 to S606) is executed.
In this procedure, the retardation rate r1 of the ignition timing command value K with respect to the MBT for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is performed is calculated using the expression (5): r1=(MBT−K)/MBT (S602). Subsequently, it is determined whether the final ignition timing I (FIG. 18) is retarded with respect to (less than) the MBT (S603 of FIG. 19). When a positive determination is made in Step S603, the retardation rate r2 of the final ignition timing I with respect to the MBT is calculated using the expression (6): r2=(MBT−I)/MBT. In contrast, if the determination of Step S603 is negative, or the final ignition timing I is advanced with respect to the MBT, the retardation rate r2 is set to 0 (S605). It is then determined whether the difference between the retardation rate r2 and the retardation rate r1, which is r2−r1, is greater than or equal to a predetermined determination value (S606). When the difference r2−r1 is greater than or equal to the determination value, it is determined that the ignition timing command value K is excessively retarded with respect to the MBT for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is performed. In this case, the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke is given comparatively high priority and the priority rank correcting procedure, through which the target fuel injection amount Qd3 of such fuel injection is set comparatively early, is carried out (S607).
In contrast, if it is determined that the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke is not carried out in Step S601, a procedure for determining whether the ignition timing command value K is excessively retarded with respect to the MBT for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is not performed (Steps S608 to S612) is carried out.
In this procedure, the retardation rate r3 of the ignition timing command value K with respect to the MBT for the case where the fuel injection in the compression stroke is not performed is calculated using the expression (7): r3=(MBT−K)/MBT (S608). Subsequently, it is determined whether the final ignition timing J (FIG. 18) is retarded with respect to (less than) the MBT (S609 of FIG. 19). When a positive determination is made in Step S609, the retardation rate r4 of the final ignition timing J with respect to the MBT is calculated using the expression (8): r4=(MBT−J)/MBT. In contrast, if the determination of Step S609 is negative, or the final ignition timing J is advanced with respect to the MBT, the retardation rate r4 is set to 0 (S611). It is then determined whether the difference between the retardation rate r4 and the retardation rate r3, which is r4−r3, is greater than or equal to a predetermined determination value (S612). When the difference r4−r3 is greater than or equal to the determination value, it is determined that the ignition timing command value K is excessively retarded with respect to the MBT for the case where the fuel injection from in the compression stroke is not performed. Also in this case, the priority rank correcting procedure (S607) is performed. When the priority rank correcting procedure is carried out, the fuel injection calculating routine of FIG. 8 is replaced by the injection amount calculating routine represented in FIGS. 20 and 21.
The injection amount calculating routine will hereafter be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 20 and 21. The injection amount calculating routine is also performed by the electronic control unit 16 in an interrupting manner every predetermined crank angle.
In the injection amount calculating routine, the requested fuel injection amount Qfin of the engine 1 is determined based on the engine operating state (S701 of FIG. 20). Subsequently, a procedure for setting the target fuel injection amount Qd1 of the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke is carried out (S702 to S706). The procedure corresponds to the procedure (A) (S102 to S106) of the first embodiment. Then, a procedure for setting the target fuel injection amount Qd3 of the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke (S707 to S712) is performed. The procedure corresponds to the procedure (C) (S113 to S118) of the first embodiment. Afterwards, a procedure for setting the target fuel injection amount Qd2 of the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke (S713 to S718 of FIG. 21) is carried out. The procedure corresponds to the procedure (B) (S107 to S112) of the first embodiment. Further, a procedure for setting the target fuel injection amount Qp of the fuel injection from the port injector 6 (S719 and S720) is performed. The procedure corresponds to the procedure (D) (S119 and S120) of the first embodiment.
In the injection amount calculating routine, the target fuel injection amount Qd3 of the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke is set with higher priority than the target fuel injection amount Qd2 of the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke. The target fuel injection amount Qd3 is thus set comparatively early. As a result, the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke by the target fuel injection amount Qd3 is performed with higher priority than the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke. This reduces the temperature in the cylinder to suppress the occurrence of knocking in the engine 1, thus allowing advancement of the ignition timing command value K, which has been retarded through the KCS correction and the like to suppress the occurrence of the knocking.
The second embodiment, which has been described in detail, has the advantage described below in addition to the advantages (1) to (3) of the first embodiment.
(4) When the ignition timing (the ignition timing command value K) of the engine 1 is excessively retarded with respect to the MBT, or the temperature in the cylinder is excessively high and may induce knocking, the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke, which decreases the temperature in the cylinder, is given comparatively high priority. The target fuel injection amount Qd3 of the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke is thus set earlier than the case in the first embodiment. As a result, the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke by the target fuel injection amount Qd3 is carried out with higher priority than the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke. This lowers the temperature in the cylinder to decrease knocking in the engine 1, thus allowing advancement of the ignition timing command value K, which has been retarded through the KCS correction and the like to suppress the occurrence of knocking. As a result, the output torque of the engine 1 is thus made unlikely to drop due to the retarded ignition timing command value K.
Other Embodiments
The illustrated embodiments may be modified to the forms described below, for example.
In the first and second embodiments, the priority ranks given to the fuel injection shots of the direct injector 7 may be modified as needed in correspondence with, for example, the operating state of the engine 1.
In the first embodiment, the present invention may be used in an internal combustion engine without a port injector 6. In this case, the target fuel injection amount Qd3 of the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke is given the lowest priority and thus set lastly among the target fuel injection amounts Qd1 to Qd3 of the respective fuel injection shots, which are the shot in the compression stroke, the shot in the late stage of the intake stroke, and the shot in the early stage of the intake stroke. In this modification, if the sum of the target fuel injection amounts Qd1 to Qd3 is short of the requested fuel injection amount Qfin, it is preferable an amount of fuel that corresponds to the shortage be injected by the direct injector 7 through the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke. As a result, an amount of fuel that corresponds to a part of the requested fuel injection amount Qfin that cannot be injected by the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke and the late stage of the intake stroke, is injected by the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke.
The above-described fuel injection from the direct injector 7 makes it unlikely that the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the compression stroke will increase beyond the target fuel injection amount Qd1 or that the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke will increase beyond the target fuel injection amount Qd2 to reach the requested fuel injection amount Qfin, which adversely affects fuel combustion. Also, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the compression stroke becomes equal to the target fuel injection amount Qd1, the fuel combustion speed in the cylinder is increased through such fuel injection. Further, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke becomes equal to the target fuel injection amount Qd2, the air streams in the cylinder are intensified through such fuel injection.
The fuel injection from the direct injector 7 of this modification may be employed in the engine 1 including the direct injector 7 and the port injector 6, as in the case of the first embodiment.
In the first embodiment, the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the early stage of the intake stroke does not necessarily have to be carried out. In this case, an amount of fuel that corresponds to a part of the requested fuel injection amount Qfin that cannot be achieved by the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke and the late stage of the intake stroke is set as the target fuel injection amount Qp of the fuel injection from the port injector 6. The port injector 6 is then actuated based on the target fuel injection amount Qp to achieve the target fuel injection amount Qp. The port injector 6 thus injects an amount of fuel that corresponds to a part of the requested fuel injection amount Qfin that cannot be injected by the fuel injection from the direct injector 7 in the compression stroke and the late stage of the intake stroke.
Such fuel injection from the port injector 6 makes it unlikely that the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the compression stroke will increase beyond the target fuel injection amount Qd1 or that the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke will increase beyond the target fuel injection amount Qd2 to reach the requested fuel injection amount Qfin, which adversely affects fuel combustion. Also, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the compression stroke becomes equal to the target fuel injection amount Qd1, the fuel combustion speed in the cylinder is increased through such fuel injection. Further, since the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke becomes equal to the target fuel injection amount Qd2, the air streams in the cylinder are intensified through such fuel injection.
DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS
1 . . . internal combustion engine, 2 . . . intake passage, 2a . . . intake port, 3 . . . combustion chamber, 4 . . . throttle valve, 5 . . . accelerator pedal, 6 . . . port injector, 7 . . . direct injector, 8 . . . fuel tank, 9 . . . feed pump, 10 . . . high-pressure fuel pump, 12 . . . spark plug, 13 . . . piston, 14 . . . crankshaft, 15 . . . exhaust passage, 16 . . . electronic control unit, 17 . . . accelerator position sensor, 18 . . . throttle position sensor, 19 . . . air flow meter, 20 . . . crank position sensor, 21 . . . cam position sensor, 22 . . . coolant temperature sensor, 23 . . . first pressure sensor, 24 . . . second pressure sensor, 25 . . . intake camshaft, 26 . . . intake valve, 27 . . . exhaust camshaft, 28 . . . exhaust valve, 29 . . . variable valve timing mechanism, 30 . . . knock sensor, 31 . . . low-pressure fuel pipe, 32 . . . pressure regulator, 33 . . . high-pressure fuel pipe

## Claims

1. A fuel injection control device for an internal combustion engine having a direct injector that is operated to inject fuel into a cylinder of the engine in an early stage of an intake stroke, a late stage of the intake stroke, and a compression stroke, of the engine, the late stage being later than the early stage, the fuel injection control device performing fuel injection from the direct injector to reach at least some of a requested fuel injection amount determined based on an engine operating state, the control device comprising:
an electronic control unit that is programmed to
give a first priority to one of the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke and the fuel injection in the compression stroke, and give a second priority to the other,
set first and second target fuel injection amounts of fuel injection with the first and second priorities to requested values corresponding to the engine operating state, respectively
when the requested fuel injection amount is less than or equal to the first target fuel injection amount, operate the direct injector to perform fuel injection with the first priority by the requested fuel injection amount,
when the requested fuel injection amount is greater than the first target fuel injection amount and is less than or equal to the total value of the first and second target fuel injection amounts, operate the direct injector to perform: i) fuel injection with the first priority by the first target fuel injection amount, and ii) fuel injection with the second priority by an amount of fuel that is obtained by subtracting the first target fuel injection amount from the requested fuel injection amount, and
when the requested fuel injection amount is greater than the total value of the first and second target fuel injection amounts, operate the direct injector to perform: i) fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke by an amount of fuel that is obtained by subtracting the total value of the first and second target fuel injection amounts from the requested fuel injection amount, ii) fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke by the corresponding target fuel injection amount; and iii) fuel injection in the compression stroke by the corresponding target fuel injection amount.

2. The fuel injection control device according to claim 1, wherein the fuel injection with the first priority is the fuel injection in the compression stroke, and the fuel injection with the second priority is the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke.

3. A fuel injection control device for an internal combustion engine having a direct injector that is operated to inject fuel into a cylinder of the engine in an early stage of an intake stroke, a late stage of the intake stroke, and a compression stroke of the engine and a port injector that is operated to inject fuel into an intake port of the engine, the late stage being later than the early stage, the fuel injection control device performing fuel injection from the direct injector and the port injector to reach a requested fuel injection amount determined based on an engine operating state, the control device comprising:
an electronic control unit that is programmed to
give a first priority to the fuel injection in the compression stroke,
give a second priority to one of the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke and the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke, and give a third priority to the other,
set first, second and third target fuel injection amounts of the fuel injection with the first, second and third priorities to requested values corresponding to the engine operating state, respectively
when the requested fuel injection amount is less than or equal to the first target fuel injection amount, operate the direct injector to perform fuel injection in the compression stroke by the requested fuel injection amount,
when the requested fuel injection amount is greater than the first target fuel injection amount and is less than or equal to the total value of the first and second target fuel injection amounts, operate the direct injector to perform: i) fuel injection with the second priority by an amount of fuel that is obtained by subtracting the first target fuel injection amount from the requested fuel injection amount; and ii) fuel injection in the compression stroke by the first target fuel injection amount,
when the requested fuel injection amount is greater than the total value of the first and second target fuel injection amounts and is less than or equal to the total value of the first to third target fuel injection amounts, operate the direct injector to perform: i) fuel injection with the third priority by an amount of fuel that is obtained by subtracting the total value of the first and second target fuel injection amounts from the requested fuel injection amount; ii) fuel injection with the second priority by the second target fuel injection amount; and iii) fuel injection in the compression stroke by the first target fuel injection amount, and
when the requested fuel injection amount is greater than the total value of the first to third target fuel injection amounts, operate the port injector to inject an amount of fuel that is obtained by subtracting the total value of the first to third target fuel injection amounts from the requested fuel injection amount, and operate the direct injector to perform: i) fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke by the corresponding target fuel injection amount; ii) fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke by the corresponding target fuel injection amount; and iii) fuel injection in the compression stroke by the first target fuel injection amount.

4. The fuel injection control device according to claim 3, wherein the electronic control unit is programmed to increase the target fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke as the engine load increases.

5. A fuel injection control device for an internal combustion engine having a direct injector that is operated to inject fuel into a cylinder of the engine in an early stage of an intake stroke, a late stage of the intake stroke, and a compression stroke of the engine, the late stage being later than the early stage, the fuel injection control device performing fuel injection from the direct injector to reach a requested fuel injection amount determined based on an engine operating state, the control device comprising:
an electronic control unit that is programmed to
give a first priority to the fuel injection in the compression stroke,
give a second priority to one of the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke and the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke, and give a third priority to the other,
set first and second target fuel injection amounts of the fuel injection with the first and second priorities to requested values corresponding to the engine operating state, respectively,

when the requested fuel injection amount is less than or equal to the first target fuel injection amount, operate the direct injector to perform fuel injection in the compression stroke by the requested fuel injection amount,
when the requested fuel injection amount is greater than the first target fuel injection amount and is less than or equal to the total value of the first and second target fuel injection amounts, operate the direct injector to perform: i) fuel injection with the second priority by an amount of fuel that is obtained by subtracting the first target fuel injection amount from the requested fuel injection amount; and ii) fuel injection in the compression stroke by the first target fuel injection amount, and
when the requested fuel injection amount is greater than the total value of the first and second target fuel injection amounts, operate the direct injector to perform: i) fuel injection with the third priority by an amount of fuel that is obtained by subtracting the total value of the first and second target fuel injection amounts from the requested fuel injection amount; ii) fuel injection with the second priority by the second target fuel injection amount; and iii) fuel injection in the compression stroke by the first target fuel injection amount.

6. The fuel infection control device according to claim 5, wherein the electronic control unit is programmed to increase the target fuel injection amount of the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke as the engine load increases.

7. The fuel injection control device according to claim 5, wherein the fuel injection with the second priority is the fuel injection in the early stage of the intake stroke, and the fuel injection with the third priority is the fuel injection in the late stage of the intake stroke.