Date: November 6, 2014

To: Jeff Telander, EPA/OAQPS/SPPD

From: Kristin Sroka, RTI International

Subject: Development of Cost and Emission Reduction Impacts for the BSCP NESHAP

I. Introduction

In accordance with section 112 of the Clean Air Act (CAA), the U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency (EPA) established national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants 

(NESHAP) on May 16, 2003, for the brick and structural clay products (BSCP) manufacturing 

industry. The NESHAP regulated emissions of hydrogen fluoride (HF), hydrogen chloride 

(HCl), and particulate matter (PM)—a surrogate for hazardous air pollutant (HAP) metals—from 

tunnel kilns located at BSCP facilities. On March 13, 2007, the D.C. Circuit Court vacated the 

emission standards for BSCP manufacturing due to issues associated with the methodology used 

to determine the minimum regulatory “floors” for new and existing units.

1

 Therefore, the EPA is 

proposing new standards for BSCP manufacturing, including standards for HF, HCl, chlorine 

(Cl2), mercury (Hg), and non-Hg HAP metals (or PM surrogate).

The proposed standards include health-based standards for acid gases (HF, HCl, and Cl2) 

and maximum achievable control technology (MACT) numeric emission limits for Hg and nonHg HAP metals (or PM surrogate). In developing the proposed standards, the EPA also 

considered “beyond-the-floor” options for Hg and non-Hg HAP metals, as well as alternative 

standards for non-Hg HAP metals (or PM surrogate). The development of these standards and 

options are documented in two memoranda, Risk Assessment to Determine a Health-Based 

Emission Limitation for Acid Gases for the Brick and Structural Clay Products Manufacturing 

Source Category (Morris et al, 2014) and Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) 

Floor Analysis for Brick and Structural Clay Products (Raymond and Sroka, 2014). The 

purpose of this memorandum is to present the methodology for estimating the costs, emission 

reductions, and secondary impacts associated with these standards/options for the BSCP source 

category. A background discussion of the types of costs, emission reductions, and secondary 

impacts being estimated is provided in the memorandum Methodology and Assumptions Used to 

Estimate the Model Costs and Impacts of BSCP Air Pollution Control Devices (Holloway, 

2014a).

 1 Sierra Club v. EPA, 479 F.3d 875 (D.C. Cir. 2007).
2

Section II of this memorandum shows the nationwide baseline emissions for the BSCP 

industry. Section III describes the development of the cost estimates for facilities that elect to 

reduce emissions and become reclassified as synthetic area sources rather than major sources. 

Section IV describes the assessment of what air pollution control devices (APCD) would be 

needed for major source facilities to meet the proposed health-based standards. Section V 

describes the analysis of what APCD would be needed for tunnel kiln stacks to meet the 

proposed MACT standards and presents the nationwide costs, emission reductions, and 

secondary impacts associated with meeting all the proposed standards. Section VI describes the 

calculation of the nationwide costs, emission reductions, and secondary impacts associated the 

beyond-the-floor options for non-Hg HAP metals and Hg. Finally, Section VII describes the 

calculation of the nationwide costs, emission reductions, and secondary impacts associated with 

the alternative non-Hg HAP metals standards.

II. Baseline Emissions

Uncontrolled emission factors, model kiln production rates, and model kiln operating 

hours were developed as described in the memorandum Methodology and Assumptions Used to 

Estimate the Model Costs and Impacts of BSCP Air Pollution Control Devices (Holloway, 

2014a). The memorandum also documents control efficiencies and emissions reductions for 

new/retrofit APCD installations. The efficiencies and emissions for existing (baseline) APCD, 

including dry sorbent injection followed by a fabric filter (DIFF), dry lime scrubber and fabric 

filter (DLS/FF), dry limestone adsorber (DLA), and spray dryer/electrostatic precipitator 

(SD/ESP), were based on all the available test data (see the memorandum Test Data Used in 

BSCP Proposed Rule (Raymond, 2014)). Table 1 shows the control efficiencies of baseline 

DIFF, DLS/FF, and DLA for HF, HCl, Cl2, PM, and sulfur dioxide (SO2). Table 2 shows the 

annual baseline emission estimates in tons per year (tpy) for small and large APCD.

Table 1. Control Efficiencies for Baseline APCD

APCD Type

Efficiency

HF HCl Cl2 PMa SO2

DIFF 98% 82% 88% 72% 48%

DLS/FF 98% 82% 88% 72% 48%

DLA 95% 30% 42% 20% 12%

a Control efficiencies for non-Hg HAP metals and PM with particles less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter (PM2.5) are 

estimated to be the same as the efficiency for PM.
3

Table 2. Annual Baseline Emissions for Each APCD

APCD

Type Size

Emissions per APCD (tpy)a

HF HCl Cl2

Non-Hg 

HAP 

Metals PM PM2.5 SO2

None Small 15.2 2.07 0.0884 0.0910 8.27 3.97 82.5

DIFF Small 0.304 0.372 0.0106 0.0255 2.32 1.11 42.9

DLS/FF Small 0.304 0.372 0.0106 0.0255 2.32 1.11 42.9

DLA Small 0.759 1.45 0.0512 0.0728 6.62 3.18 72.6

SD/ESP Small 17.5 4.28 0.543 0.00910 0.83 0.397 42.9

None Large 34.8 4.73 0.202 0.208 18.9 9.09 189

DIFF Large 0.695 0.851 0.0243 0.0583 5.30 2.55 98.3

DLS/FF Large 0.695 0.851 0.0243 0.0583 5.30 2.55 98.3

DLA Large 1.74 3.31 0.117 0.167 15.2 7.27 166

SD/ESP Large 37.5 9.14 1.16 0.0195 1.77 0.849 98.3

a There are no existing controls for mercury (Hg), so each small kiln stack is estimated to emit a baseline of 

0.00160 tpy of Hg and each large kiln stack is estimated to emit a baseline of 0.00366 tpy of Hg.

The inventory of BSCP kilns and facilities, including the APCD for each kiln stack is 

presented in the memorandum Updated BSCP Inventory Database and Documentation

(Holloway, 2014b). To develop the nationwide baseline emission estimates, each kiln stack in 

this inventory was assigned the appropriate baseline emissions from Table 2 based on the size 

and type of APCD on the stack. Table 3 summarizes the number of BSCP kiln stacks with each 

type of APCD and the total nationwide baseline emissions.

Table 3. Nationwide Baseline Emissions Estimates for BSCP Tunnel Kilns

APCD

Type Size Count

Emissions (tpy)

HF HCl Cl2

NonHg 

HAP 

Metals Hg PM PM2.5 SO2

None Small 74 1,120 153 6.54 6.73 0.118 612 294 6,110

DIFF Small 1 0.304 0.372 0.0106 0.0255 0.00160 2.32 1.11 42.9

DLS/FF Small 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

DLA Small 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

SD/ESP Small 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

None Large 36 1,250 170 7.28 7.50 0.132 682 327 6,800

DIFF Large 13 9.04 11.1 0.316 0.758 0.0475 68.9 33.1 1,280

DLS/FF Large 1 0.695 0.851 0.0243 0.0583 0.00366 5.30 2.55 98.3

DLA Large 24 41.7 79.5 2.82 4.00 0.0877 364 175 3,990

SD/ESP Large 1 37.5 9.14 1.16 0.0195 0.00366 1.77 0.849 98.3

Total 150 2,460 424 18.1 19.1 0.394 1,740 833 18,400
4

III. Estimate of Cost to Facilities to Become Synthetic Area Sources

Given the large number of small entities in the BSCP industry, it is anticipated that 

owners and operators will explore the possibility of reducing emissions below the thresholds 

defining a major source of HAP emissions (potential to emit [PTE] 10 tpy of a single HAP or 

25 tpy of all HAP combined) and becoming reclassified as a synthetic area source so that their 

sources would not be subject to the BSCP NESHAP. If an owner or operator estimates that the 

cost to become a synthetic area source is less than the compliance costs for the BSCP NESHAP, 

it is expected that the owner or operator would elect to become a synthetic area source. The 

methodology behind this analysis is described in this section; Appendix A shows the detailed 

calculations for each BSCP tunnel kiln and facility.

To compare the cost to become a synthetic area source to the BSCP NESHAP 

compliance costs, the cost for each facility to become a synthetic area source was estimated 

based on the facility’s current emission estimates and whether installation of a DLA would 

reduce the acid gas emissions below major source thresholds. Design capacities are available for 

each tunnel kiln at each major source facility in the BSCP industry (Holloway, 2014b), and test 

data are available for some of those kilns (Raymond, 2014). The design capacities, site-specific 

test data (where available; emission factors were used if test data were not available), and model 

control device parameters were used to estimate potential emissions from each kiln before and 

after control.

For simplicity, the analysis was limited to HF, HCl, and Cl2, since those are the 

predominant HAP emitted from BSCP kilns by mass. If HF, HCl, and/or Cl2 test data were 

available for a kiln, the emission factor calculated from the test in units of pounds of emissions 

per ton of bricks (lb/ton) was used to estimate potential emissions. If not, the average lb/ton 

emission factor for the existing control device (calculated based on the available BSCP test data 

for those pollutants) was used.

A code was assigned to each kiln indicating the source of the data. Since the Cl2 data set 

was limited, the main focus was the source of HF and HCl data. If both HF and HCl emissions 

were based on test data, the code of “2” was assigned; if the emissions for one pollutant were

based on test data but the emissions for the other were based on the average emission factor, a 

code of “1” was assigned, and if no test data were available for that kiln, a code of “0” was 

assigned. The HF, HCl, and Cl2 emissions for each kiln were then calculated in tpy based on the 

kiln design capacity, assuming 8,760 hours of operation per year (in order to estimate the 

maximum PTE), and then summed per kiln and then per facility.

The current status (i.e., major or synthetic area source) was estimated based on the 

following assumptions:

• If both HF and HCl test data were available for all kilns at the facility (code of 2) and 

the total facility estimated PTE was less than 90 percent of each of the major source 

thresholds, the facility was considered synthetic area.

• If a mix of test data and emission factors were used for the facility (code of 1) and the 

total facility estimated PTE was less than 75 percent of each of the major source 

thresholds, the facility was considered synthetic area.
5

• If no test data for any kilns at the facility were available (code of 0) and the total 

facility estimated PTE was less than 60 percent of each of the major source 

thresholds, the facility was considered synthetic area.

It should be noted that to the EPA’s knowledge, all of the facilities in the analysis are 

currently classified as major sources. The sources estimated to be synthetic area sources in this 

analysis are facilities with emissions data suggesting that they could apply for synthetic area 

status with their permitting authority without needing to add APCD or reduce the kiln production 

rates (i.e., becoming a synthetic area source would require minimal cost). Based on the analysis, 

15 of the 86 current major sources have low enough PTE that they could become synthetic area 

sources with minimal cost (i.e., submitting paperwork to their permitting authority for a formal 

change in classification).

The next step was to assign an action to be taken and estimate “controlled” emissions. If 

the kiln was already controlled, or if the facility was already considered a synthetic area source 

based on current emissions, the action was “None”; otherwise it was “Install DLA.” (For the 

purposes of this analysis, it was assumed that the cost to retrofit currently-controlled tunnel kilns 

would not be less than the cost to comply with the BSCP NESHAP.) A few uncontrolled kilns 

were manually adjusted to “None” for facilities with multiple kilns that could become synthetic 

area sources without controlling all kilns. See Appendix A for these designations.

Controlled emissions for kilns with an action of “Install DLA” were estimated as a 

reduction from the individual kiln PTE for HF, HCl, and Cl2 based on the DLA control 

efficiencies presented in Table 1. If the action was “None,” controlled emissions were estimated 

to be equivalent to the PTE (as calculated above). The “controlled” emissions for each kiln at 

each facility were then summed.

The next step was to determine what the major/area source status would be after DLA

were installed (where possible), based on the following assumptions:

• If no DLA would be installed, both HF and HCl test data were available for all kilns 

at the facility, and the total facility estimated PTE was less than 90 percent of the 

major source thresholds, the facility was considered synthetic area without additional 

control.

• If no DLA would be installed, a mix of test data and emission factors were used for 

the facility, and the total facility estimated PTE was less than 75 percent of the major 

source thresholds, the facility was considered synthetic area without additional 

control.

• If no DLA would be installed, no test data were available for any kilns at the facility, 

and the total facility estimated PTE was less than 60 percent of the major source 

thresholds, the facility was considered synthetic area without additional control.

• If at least one DLA would be installed, both HF and HCl test data were available for 

all kilns at the facility, and the total facility estimated PTE was less than 80 percent of 

the major source thresholds, the facility was considered synthetic area after control.

• If at least one DLA would be installed, a mix of test data and emission factors were 

used for the facility, and the total facility estimated PTE was less than 65 percent of 

the major source thresholds, the facility was considered synthetic area after control.
6

• If at least one DLA would be installed, no test data were available for any kilns at the 

facility, and the total facility estimated PTE was less than 50 percent of the major 

source thresholds, the facility was considered synthetic area after control.

After determining major/area source status, the capital and annual costs of installing a 

DLA were estimated, if doing so was estimated to enable the facility to become synthetic area.

The DLA costs were estimated using model costs developed based on cost and parameter 

information from BSCP industry responses to the 2008 section 114 survey (Holloway, 2014a). 

The costs for each kiln were then summed for each facility considered synthetic area after 

control. If the facility would still be major even with a DLA installed on each uncontrolled kiln, 

the costs were left blank. If the potential action was “None” (i.e., the kiln was already controlled 

or the facility was already expected to be a synthetic area source), the facility costs were 

estimated as $0.

IV. Cost and Emission Reduction Estimates for Meeting Health-Based Standards

For the acid gases HF, HCl, and Cl2, a health-based emission limit was developed for 

acid gases under CAA section 112(d)(4). The rationale behind the standard is discussed in the 

preamble to the BSCP proposed rule. The development of the facility-level health-based 

emission limit, 250 tons per year (tpy) of HCl-equivalent (57 pounds per hour (lb/hr) of HClequivalent), is documented in the memorandum Risk Assessment to Determine a Health-Based 

Emission Limitation for Acid Gases for the Brick and Structural Clay Products Manufacturing 

Source Category (Morris et al, 2014). The methodology for estimating the impacts of meeting 

this standard is described in this section; Appendix B shows the detailed calculations for each 

BSCP tunnel kiln and facility.

The equivalency of HCl with HF and Cl2 is based on the chronic Reference

Concentration (RfC) values for each of the acid gases. The RfC for HCl is 20 micrograms per 

cubic meter (μg/m3), the RfC for HF is 14 μg/m3, and the RfC for Cl2 is 0.15 μg/m3 (Morris et al, 

2014). Therefore, the following equation can be used to calculate the HCl-equivalent emissions

for an individual kiln:

































 +



 



















 = +

2

2

Cl

HCl

Cl

HF

HCl

i HCl HF RfC

RfC E

RfC

RfC E E E

where:

E = HCl-equivalent emissions, lb/hr

EHCl = emissions of HCl, lb/hr

EHF = emissions of HF, lb/hr

ECl2 = emissions of Cl2, lb/hr

RfCHCl = reference concentration for HCl, 20 μg/m3

RfCHF = reference concentration for HF, 14 μg/m3
7

RfCCl2 = reference concentration for chlorine, 0.15 μg/m3

Design capacities are available for each tunnel kiln at each major source facility in the 

BSCP industry, and permitted capacities are available for some tunnel kilns (Holloway, 2014b). 

Test data are available for some of the kilns in the BSCP industry (Raymond, 2014). If test data 

were not available for all acid gas emissions (i.e., HF, HCl, and Cl2), emission factors were used 

to estimate emissions. This information was used in the equation above to calculate an HClequivalent value for each kiln. The HCl-equivalent values were summed for each kiln at a 

facility and then compared to the health-based emission limit. If a facility did not meet the 

health-based emission limit, the type of control needed was determined based on factors such as

the current kiln APCD, the number of kilns at the facility, and how much the HCl-equivalent 

emissions exceeded the health-based emission limit. (Note that the final costs and emission 

reductions for each kiln were not calculated until the impacts for meeting the PM/non-Hg HAP 

metals and Hg limits were assessed as described in Section V of this memorandum.)

As shown in Appendix B, all but one BSCP facility could meet the health-based emission 

limit with current control configurations. The facility not meeting the limit is Belden Brick 

Company’s facility in Sugarcreek, Ohio, with an HCl-equivalent estimate of 120 lb/hr from a 

total of 10 tunnel kilns, some of which are vented together through a common stack or APCD. 

Most of the HCl-equivalent emissions (about 71 percent) are generated by the three kilns 

controlled by a SD/ESP at the part of the facility known as Plant #8. Removing the SD/ESP and 

retrofitting the stack with a DIFF is expected to reduce HCl-equivalent emissions well below the 

health-based emission limit, even without reducing emissions from any of the other seven kilns 

at this facility.

V. Cost and Emission Reduction Estimates for Meeting Hg and non-Hg HAP Metals 

Proposed Standards

There are 171 tunnel kilns with 150 stacks at facilities currently classified as major 

sources in the BSCP industry. There are 22 tunnel kilns with 18 stacks at the 14 facilities 

identified in Section III of this memorandum that could become synthetic area sources with 

minimal cost, leaving 149 tunnel kilns with 132 stacks potentially impacted by the proposed Hg 

and non-Hg HAP metals standards. A summary of these kilns by size and APCD is shown in 

Table 4; the stack counts for these kilns were used for all remaining analyses in this 

memorandum.

Table 4. Summary of Major Source BSCP Kilns and APCD

Kiln Size APCD Type Number of Kilns Number of Kiln Stacks

Large Kilns DIFF or DLS/FF 9 8

DLA 18 14

None 32 31

Small Kilns SD/ESP 3 1

None 87 78

Total 149 132
8

The proposed BSCP NESHAP includes MACT standards for Hg and for non-Hg HAP 

metals (with PM as a surrogate) (see the memorandum Maximum Achievable Control 

Technology (MACT) Floor Analysis for Brick and Structural Clay Products (Raymond and 

Sroka, 2014) for additional information on these standards). As noted previously, test data were 

available for some kilns in the industry (including major and synthetic area sources). Data on 

PM emissions were available for about 40 percent of the kilns, while Hg and non-Hg HAP 

metals data were only available for about 10 percent or less of the kilns (Raymond, 2014). 

Therefore, rather than evaluating the impacts of the standards on a kiln-by-kiln basis, as was 

done for the health-based emission limit, several assumptions were needed to evaluate the 

impacts on the whole industry. This analysis was completed in a series of four steps, described 

in the remainder of this section.

Step 1: Compare Test Data to Emission Limits

The first step was to compare the data available with the proposed emission limits to get 

an estimate of the percentage of tunnel kilns in the industry that could meet the limits with 

current APCD configurations. Table 5 shows the percentages for the PM and Hg lb/ton and 

concentration emission limits by kiln size and the most common types of APCD (for PM).

Table 5. Percentages of BSCP Tunnel Kiln Stacks at Major and Synthetic Area Sources 

With Data Less Than or Equal to Proposed Emission Limits

Pollutant Kiln Size APCD Type

Number of 

Kiln Stacks 

with Dataa

Percentage of Kilns Meetingb

lb/ton 

Limit

Concentration 

Limit

At Least 

One Limit

PM Large Kilns DIFF or DLS/FF 28 92.9% 92.9% 92.9%

DLA 30 70.0% 76.7% 86.7%

None 3 33.3% 33.3% 33.3%

Small Kilns DIFF or DLS/FF 1 100% 100% 100%

DLA 0 ND ND ND

None 16 25.0% 62.5% 62.5%

Hg Large Kilns All 18 16.7% 55.6% 55.6%

Small Kilns All 1 100% 100% 100%

a PM data were also available for one stack controlled by a SD/ESP (small kilns) and three large kilns with wet 

scrubbers. Those kilns are not shown in the counts for PM emissions data because the SD/ESP is expected to be 

replaced with a DIFF (see Section IV of this memorandum) and all three wet scrubbers are located at synthetic area 

sources, so the results for those APCD are not needed for purposes of estimating impacts on major source

facilities. In addition, the analysis does not assume that wet scrubbers would be installed or retrofitted to meet the 

proposed PM standards. These kilns are included in the counts for Hg data; because none of the APCD currently 

in use in the BSCP industry target Hg reductions, the ability to meet the Hg standards is not expected to be affected 

by type of current APCD.

b ND = no test data available for that pollutant, kiln size, and APCD combination.

Of the large kilns with both PM and Hg data, seven of the 18 kiln stacks meet at least one 

of the PM and one of the Hg limits. (One of these stacks is controlled with a wet scrubber and is

not included in the kiln stack counts with PM data in Table 5, as indicated in footnote a to 

Table 4.) For small kilns, Hg data are only available for three kilns vented together and 

controlled with a SD/ESP; this device also meets the PM concentration limit for small kilns.
9

Step 2: Develop Preliminary Estimate of Number of APCD Needed

The percentages from Table 5 were applied to the kiln stack counts in Table 4 to 

determine the number of kiln stacks estimated to be able to meet the proposed MACT floors. 

From these estimates, preliminary estimates of the number of APCD needed to be installed were 

developed using the following criteria:

• If the kiln is expected to meet both a PM and a Hg limit, no additional APCD is 

needed.

• If an uncontrolled kiln or a kiln with a DLA can meet a Hg limit but none of the PM 

limits, a FF would be needed.

• If an uncontrolled kiln or a kiln with a DLA cannot meet either of the Hg limits, a FF 

with activated carbon injection (ACI) would be needed regardless of whether the kiln 

can meet a PM limit, as the FF would be needed for the capture of the activated 

carbon injected into the gas stream.

• If a kiln with a DIFF or DLS/FF cannot meet either of the Hg limits, ACI would be 

added to the existing control device.

Table 6 shows the preliminary estimate of the number of APCD needed based only on 

these criteria and the percentages in Table 5, rounded to the nearest whole number. If multiple 

kilns were vented together, only one APCD was assigned to the stack. As noted in Step 3, there 

are two other factors to take into account to determine the final estimate of the number of APCD 

needed and the impacts on the major source kilns.

Table 6. Summary of Major Source BSCP Kiln Stacks and Preliminary Estimate of APCD 

to Be Installed

Kiln Size

Existing APCD 

Type

Number 

of Kiln 

Stacks

Number 

of Kiln 

Stacks 

Meeting 

PM Limit

Number 

of Kiln 

Stacks 

Meeting 

Hg Limit

Initial Estimate of Kiln Stacks

Install FF

Install FF 

with ACI Add ACI

Large Kilns DIFF or DLS/FF 8 7a 4 0 0 4

DLA 14 12 8 0 6 0

None 31 10 17 7 14 0

Small Kilns SD/ESPb 1 0 1 0 0 0

None 78 49 78 29 0 0

Total 132 79 108 36 20 3

a Because the one kiln stack not meeting the PM lb/ton or concentration limits is already controlled with a PM APCD, 

none of the preliminary assumptions apply. If this kiln stack cannot meet the lb/hr non-Hg HAP metals limit, or if it is 

not located at a facility that could become a synthetic area source by installing a DLA on an uncontrolled kiln, the 

DIFF or DLS/FF would have to be retrofit with a new DIFF.

b The SD/ESP is expected to be replaced with a DIFF (see Section IV of this memorandum).
10

Step 3: Refine the Estimate of Number of APCD Needed

The next step in determining the number of APCD required to be installed included

considering the impact of the lb/hr limits for Hg and total non-Hg HAP metals. The total non-Hg 

HAP metals limit is expected to provide additional flexibility to tunnel kiln owners and 

operators, particularly for small tunnel kilns. Where total non-Hg HAP metals lb/hr data were 

available, the values were compiled for each kiln. If PM data were available but non-Hg HAP 

metals data were not, the total non-Hg HAP metal lb/hr value was calculated using the average 

ratio of metals to PM emissions in BSCP stack tests (Raymond, 2014). The non-Hg HAP metal 

values for each kiln are shown in Appendix C. While it is also expected that the lb/hr limit for 

Hg would provide additional flexibility to tunnel kiln owners and operators, again particularly 

for small tunnel kilns, the impact of the lb/hr Hg limit is not assessed quantitatively in this 

analysis. Instead, it was expected that most kilns that could meet the lb/hr Hg limit could also 

meet either the lb/ton limit or the concentration limit.

The other factor to be taken into account in determining the number of APCD required to 

be installed is the number of kilns located at facilities that could elect to become synthetic area 

sources. The cost for each facility to do so was estimated as described in Section III of this 

memorandum. However, as noted previously in this section, because test data are not available 

for every tunnel kiln in the industry, compliance costs were not estimated for each kiln and 

facility. Therefore, the cost to become a synthetic area source could not be compared directly to 

the cost of compliance. For example, while the analysis estimates that the BSCP facility in 

Thomasville, North Carolina, owned by Cunningham Brick Company could become a synthetic 

area source at an annual cost of $410,000 (see Appendix A), test data are not available to show 

the facility’s exact level of emissions. If performance testing of the tunnel kiln at this facility 

showed that the kiln already meets the proposed limits, then installing a control device to become 

a synthetic area source would not be necessary.

Therefore, the preliminary APCD estimates in Table 6, the total non-Hg HAP metals

lb/hr limit, the ability of certain facilities to become synthetic area were considered together on a 

more general basis. The following assumptions were used to refine the preliminary APCD 

estimates:

• For large kilns with a DIFF or DLS/FF, it was assumed that the kiln stack not meeting 

either the PM lb/ton or concentration limits would meet the total non-Hg HAP metals

lb/hr limit. It was also assumed that one of the kiln stacks not meeting the Hg lb/ton 

or concentration limits would meet the Hg lb/hr limit.

• For large kilns with a DLA, it was assumed that one of the kiln stacks not meeting the 

Hg lb/ton or concentration limits would meet the Hg lb/hr limit. It was also assumed 

that this kiln stack is one of the 12 stacks that can meet one of the PM limits, so no FF 

would be needed.

• Based on the results of the analysis described in Section III of this memorandum, a 

total of 12 large uncontrolled kiln stacks are located at facilities that could become 

synthetic area sources with installation of a DLA on those stacks. For large 

uncontrolled kilns, it was assumed that owners or operators of three-fourths of these 

kiln stacks, or nine total stacks, would elect to install a DLA. To be conservative, it 
11

was estimated that most of the remaining kiln stacks would not be able to meet any of 

the Hg limits.

• It was expected that most small uncontrolled kilns would be able to meet the total 

non-Hg HAP metals lb/hr limit and would not need to install DLA to become a 

synthetic area source. Therefore, for small uncontrolled kilns, it was assumed that a 

little over 5 percent of the total kiln stacks, or five total stacks, were located at 

facilities that would elect to become synthetic area sources by installing a DLA. It 

was also assumed that 21 of the 24 remaining kiln stacks not meeting the PM lb/ton 

or concentration limits (88 percent) would be able to meet the total non-Hg HAP 

metals lb/hr limit.

The final estimates of APCD counts are shown in Table 7.

Table 7. Summary of Major Source BSCP Kiln Stacks and Estimate of APCD to Be 

Installed

Kiln Size

Existing 

APCD Type

Number 

of Kiln 

Stacks

Estimate of Kiln Stacks

Install 

FF

Install 

FF with 

ACI

Add 

ACI

Retrofit 

with a 

DIFF

Install 

DLAa

No 

Change 

in APCD

Large Kilns DIFF or DLS/FF 8 0 0 3 0 0 5

DLA 14 0 5 0 0 0 9

None 31 1 11 0 0 9 10

Small Kilns SD/ESPa 1 0 0 0 1 0 0

None 78 3 0 0 0 5 70

Total 132 4 16 3 1 14 93

a See Section IV of this memorandum.

Step 4: Calculate the Nationwide Costs, Emission Reductions, and Secondary Impacts

The final step in estimating nationwide costs and impacts was to apply model APCD 

costs, emission reductions, and secondary impacts to the APCD counts shown in Table 7. The

model APCD size is based on the design capacity(ies) of the kiln(s) routed to that emission 

point/APCD. For example, two small kilns vented together with a total design capacity of less 

than 10 tph would be controlled with a small APCD, whereas two small kilns vented together 

that have a total design capacity of more than 10 tph would be controlled with a large APCD.

As noted in Section IV of this memorandum, Belden Brick Company’s facility in 

Sugarcreek, Ohio, was identified as not meeting the health-based standard with the current 

APCD at the kiln, so the emissions at the kilns were evaluated individually. The three kilns 

routed to the SD/ESP at Sugarcreek are small kilns, but the sum of the total kiln capacity vented 

to the SD/ESP is greater than 10 tph. Similarly, the Sugarcreek facility has three small kilns 

vented to one uncontrolled stack with a total kiln capacity of greater than 10 tph. Therefore, for 

purposes of this analysis, the DIFF installed to replace the SD/ESP would be a large DIFF, and a 

large FF would be needed on one of the small kiln stacks. The other two FF and the five DLA 

shown in Table 7 to be installed on small kilns nationwide would be small APCD.
12

Table 8 shows the summary of nationwide costs for BSCP kilns at major sources, Table 9 

shows the summary of nationwide emission reductions for BSCP kilns at major sources, and 

Table 10 shows the summary of nationwide secondary impacts for BSCP kilns at major sources.

Table 8. Summary of Nationwide Costs for Major Sources to Meet Proposed Standards

Current 

APCD Action

APCD 

Size

Unit 

Capital 

Costa

Unit 

Annual 

Costa

Number 

of 

APCD

Total 

Capital 

Cost

Total 

Annual 

Cost

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

Add ACI Large $146,697 $96,482 3 $440,090 $289,446

DLA Install FF with ACI Large $1,646,697 $622,488 5 $8,233,483 $3,112,440

SD/ESP Retrofit with a DIFF Large $3,820,000 $943,585 1 $3,820,000 $943,585

None Install FF Large $1,500,000 $526,006 2 $3,000,000 $1,052,012

None Install FF with ACI Large $1,646,697 $622,488 11 $18,113,663 $6,847,368

None Install DLA Large $1,489,548 $409,722 9 $13,405,928 $3,687,499 

None Install FF Small $1,200,000 $437,845 2 $2,400,000 $875,690

None Install DLA Small $1,096,473 $310,036 5 $5,482,363 $1,550,180 

Total Nationwide 38 $54,895,527 $18,358,221 

a Unit costs from Holloway (2014a), except for the DLA capital and annual costs. The DLA capital and annual costs 

shown in this table were increased to account for the fact that if a DLA is installed for a facility to become a 

synthetic area source, it would need to be installed earlier than an APCD installed to comply with the BSCP 

NESHAP. To compare the equivalent net present values for all APCD for purposes of this analysis, a DLA was 

expected to be installed 6 months earlier than other APCD, increasing the capital cost by about 3 percent 

(calculated assuming 7 percent interest over half a year, or 1.070.5). The total annual cost increased due to the 

increase in the annualized capital cost.
13

Table 9. Summary of Nationwide Emission Reductions for Major Sources to Meet Proposed Standards

Current 

APCD Action

APCD 

Size

Emissions 

Type

Number 

of 

APCD

Emissions Reductions (tpy)

HF HCl Cl2

HAP 

Metals PM Hg SO2 PM2.5

a

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

Add ACI Large Unit 0 0 0 0 0 0.00311 0 0

Total 3 0 0 0 0 0 0.00932 0 0

DLA Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 0 0 0 0.154 14.0 0.00311 0 6.73

Total 5 0 0 0 0.77 70.0 0.0155 0 33.6

SD/ESP Retrofit 

with a DIFF

Large Unit 37.3 8.35 1.14 0 0 0 1.39 0

Total 1 37.3 8.35 1.14 0 0 0 1.39 0

None Install FF Large Unit 0 0 0 0.196 17.8 0 0 8.55

Total 2 0 0 0 0.392 35.6 0 0 17.1

None Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 0 0 0 0.196 17.8 0.00311 0 8.55

Total 11 0 0 0 2.15 196 0.0342 0 94.0

None Install DLA Large Unit 33.0 1.42 0.0850 0.0417 3.79 0 22.7 1.82

Total 9 297 12.8 0.765 0.375 34.1 0 204 16.4

None Install FF Small Unit 0 0 0 0.0855 7.78 0 0 3.73

Total 2 0 0 0 0.171 15.6 0 0 7.46

None Install DLA Small Unit 14.4 0.620 0.0371 0.0182 1.65 0 9.90 0.794

Total 5 72.1 3.10 0.186 0.0910 8.27 0 49.5 3.97

Total Nationwide 38 407 24.2 2.09 3.95 359 0.0590 255 173

a Estimated as 48 percent of PM reductions.
14

Table 10. Summary of Nationwide Secondary Impacts for Major Sources to Meet Proposed Standardsa

Current 

APCD Action

APCD 

Size

Emissions 

Type

Number 

of 

APCD

Energy 

impacts, 

MMBtu/yr

Solid 

waste 

impacts, 

tpy

Wastewater 

impacts, 

gpy

Secondary Air Emissions Increase (tpy)

PM PM2.5 CO NOx SO2

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

Add ACI Large Unit 553 17.9 -- 0.00408 0.00137 0.00688 0.0547 0.159

Total 3 1,659 53.8 0.0122 0.00410 0.0206 0.164 0.478

DLA Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 13,116 35.7 -- 0.0968 0.0324 0.163 1.30 3.78

Total 5 65,580 179 0.484 0.162 0.816 6.48 18.9

SD/ESP Retrofit with 

a DIFF

Large Unit -24,555 12.9 -4,063 -0.181 -0.0607 -0.305 -2.43 -7.07

Total 1 -24,555 12.9 -4,063 -0.181 -0.0607 -0.305 -2.43 -7.07

None Install FF Large Unit 12,563 17.8 -- 0.0927 0.0311 0.156 1.24 3.62

Total 2 25,126 35.6 0.185 0.0622 0.313 2.48 7.24

None Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 13,116 35.7 -- 0.0968 0.0324 0.163 1.30 3.78

Total 11 144,275 393 1.06 0.357 1.79 14.3 41.6

None Install DLA Large Unit 7,424 457 -- 0.0548 0.0184 0.0923 0.734 2.14

Total 9 66,812 4,116 0.493 0.165 0.831 6.60 19.2

None Install FF Small Unit 9,620 7.78 -- 0.0710 0.0238 0.120 0.951 2.77

Total 2 19,240 15.6 0.142 0.0476 0.239 1.90 5.54

None Install DLA Small Unit 3,741 306 -- 0.0276 0.00925 0.0465 0.370 1.08

Total 5 18,705 1,529 0.138 0.0463 0.233 1.85 5.39

Total Nationwide 38 316,842 6,335 -4,063 2.34 0.784 3.94 31.3 91.3

a A negative increase in secondary impacts would be equivalent to a reduction in secondary impacts.
15

VI. Cost and Emission Reduction Estimates for Meeting non-Hg HAP Metals and Hg 

Beyond-the-Floor Options

As noted in the preamble to the proposed rule, the beyond-the-floor options considered 

for BSCP tunnel kilns were emission limits equal to the new source limits for Hg and for non-Hg 

HAP metals (with PM as a surrogate). The development of these limits is documented in the 

memorandum Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) Floor Analysis for Brick and 

Structural Clay Products (Raymond and Sroka, 2014). The process to estimate costs, emission 

reductions, and secondary impacts for the beyond-the-floor options is the same four-step process 

described in Section V of this memorandum. The Hg and for non-Hg HAP metals beyond-thefloor options were considered separately to clearly evaluate the impacts of applying each option. 

When considering each beyond-the-floor option, all other standards were applied as proposed, 

and the impacts calculated in Section V associated with the proposed standards were removed to 

calculate incremental impacts for the beyond-the-floor option.

A. Non-Hg HAP Metals Beyond-the-Floor Option

Step 1: Compare Test Data to Emission Limits

Table 11 shows the percentages for the PM lb/ton and concentration emission limits by 

kiln size and the most common types of APCD for the non-Hg HAP metals beyond-the-floor 

option.

Table 11. Percentages of BSCP Tunnel Kiln Stacks at Major and Synthetic Area Sources 

With Data Less Than or Equal to PM Beyond-the-Floor Limit

Kiln Size APCD Type

Number of 

Kiln Stacks 

with Dataa

Percentage of Kilns Meetingb

lb/ton Limit

Concentration 

Limit

At Least 

One Limit

Large Kilns DIFF or DLS/FF 28 28.6% 32.1% 35.7%

DLA 30 3.33% 13.3% 13.3%

None 3 33.3% 33.3% 33.3%

Small Kilns DIFF or DLS/FF 1 100% 100% 100%

DLA 0 ND ND ND

None 16 6.25% 18.8% 18.8%

a PM data were also available for one stack controlled by a SD/ESP (small kilns) and three large kilns with wet 

scrubbers. Those kilns are not shown in the counts for PM emissions data because the SD/ESP is expected to be 

replaced with a DIFF (see Section IV of this memorandum) and all three wet scrubbers are located at synthetic area 

sources, so the results for those APCD are not needed for purposes of estimating impacts on major source 

facilities. In addition, the analysis does not assume that wet scrubbers would be installed or retrofitted to meet the 

proposed PM standards.

b ND = no test data available for that pollutant, kiln size, and APCD combination.

Step 2: Develop Preliminary Estimate of Number of APCD Needed

For the non-Hg HAP metals beyond-the-floor option, the percentages from Table 11 were 

applied to the kilns in Table 4 for non-Hg HAP metals/PM emissions, and the percentages from 

Table 5 were applied to the kilns in Table 4 for Hg emissions. From these estimates, preliminary 
16

estimates of the number of APCD needed to be installed were developed using same criteria as 

described in Section V of this memorandum.

Table 12 shows the preliminary estimate of the number of APCD needed for the non-Hg 

HAP metals beyond-the-floor option based only on these criteria and the percentages in Tables 4 

and 11, rounded to the nearest whole number. If multiple kilns were vented together, only one 

APCD was assigned to the stack.

Table 12. Summary of Major Source BSCP Kiln Stacks and Preliminary Estimate of APCD

to Be Installed for the Non-Hg HAP Metals Beyond-the-Floor Option

Kiln 

Size

Existing 

APCD 

Type

Number 

of Kiln 

Stacks

Number of 

Kiln 

Stacks 

Meeting 

PM Limit

Number of

Kiln 

Stacks 

Meeting 

Hg Limit

Initial Estimate of Kiln Stacks

Install 

FF

Install 

FF with 

ACI

Retrofit 

with 

DIFF

Retrofit 

with 

DIFF and 

ACI

Large 

Kilns

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

8 3 4 0 0 1 4

DLA 14 2 8 6 6 0 0

None 31 10 17 7 14 0 0

Small 

Kilns

SD/ESP 1 0 1 0 0 1 0

None 78 15 78 63 0 0 0

Total 132 30 108 76 20 2 4

Step 3: Refine the Estimate of Number of APCD Needed

The next step in determining the number of APCD required to be installed included 

considering the impact of the proposed Hg lb/hr limit and the beyond-the-floor total non-Hg 

HAP metals lb/hr limit, as well as the number of kilns located at facilities that could elect to 

become synthetic area sources. As noted previously in this memorandum, because test data are 

not available for every tunnel kiln in the industry, compliance costs were not estimated for each 

kiln and facility. Therefore, the preliminary APCD estimates in Table 12, the lb/hr limits, and 

the ability of certain facilities to become synthetic area were considered together on a more 

general basis. The following assumptions were used to refine the preliminary APCD estimates:

• For large kilns with a DIFF or DLS/FF, it was assumed that two of the kiln stacks not 

meeting either the beyond-the-floor PM lb/ton or concentration limits would meet the 

beyond-the-floor total non-Hg HAP metals lb/hr limit and that a third kiln stack is 

located at a facility that would elect to be reclassified as a synthetic area source. It 

was also assumed that one of the kiln stacks not meeting the proposed Hg lb/ton or 

concentration limits would meet the proposed Hg lb/hr limit.

• For large kilns with a DLA, it was assumed that one of the kiln stacks not meeting the 

proposed Hg lb/ton or concentration limits would meet the proposed Hg lb/hr limit. It 

was also assumed that this kiln stack is one of the two stacks that can meet one of the 

beyond-the-floor PM limits, so no FF would be needed.

• Based on the results of the analysis described in Section III of this memorandum, a 

total of 12 large uncontrolled kiln stacks are located at facilities that could become 
17

synthetic area sources with installation of a DLA on those stacks. Because the 

beyond-the-floor total non-Hg HAP metals/PM limits are more stringent than the 

proposed non-Hg HAP metals/PM limits, more facilities would be expected to install 

one or more DLA to become a synthetic area source. Therefore, for large 

uncontrolled kilns, it was assumed that owners or operators of 10 of those kiln stacks, 

or one more than under the proposed standards, would elect to install a DLA. It was 

expected that nine of these 10 are the same kiln stacks that would install a DLA as in 

Section V of this memorandum and that the tenth kiln stack is one of those that would 

not meet the proposed Hg limit.

• The biggest difference between the proposed limits and the non-Hg HAP metals 

beyond-the-floor option would be seen for small uncontrolled kilns. Because of the 

increase in stringency in the non-Hg HAP metals and PM surrogate limits, more 

facilities would elect to install DLA on uncontrolled kilns to become synthetic area 

sources. Therefore, it was assumed that a little less than 60 percent of the total kiln 

stacks, or 45 total stacks, were located at facilities that would elect to become 

synthetic area sources by installing a DLA. Only three of the remaining kiln stacks 

not meeting the PM lb/ton or concentration limits would be able to meet the total nonHg HAP metals lb/hr limit due to the increased stringency of this limit.

The final estimates of APCD counts are shown in Table 13.

Table 13. Summary of Major Source BSCP Kiln Stacks and Estimate of APCD to be 

Installed for the Non-Hg HAP Metals Beyond-the-Floor Option

Kiln Size

Existing 

APCD Type

Number 

of Kiln 

Stacks

Estimate of Kiln Stacks

Install 

FF

Install 

FF with 

ACI

Add 

ACI

Retrofit 

with a 

DIFF

Install 

DLAa

No 

Change 

in APCD

Large Kilns DIFF or DLS/FF 8 0 0 3 2 0 3

DLA 14 6 5 0 0 0 3

None 31 1 10 0 0 10 10

Small Kilns SD/ESPa 1 0 0 0 1 0 0

None 78 15 0 0 0 45 18

Total 132 22 15 3 3 55 34

a See Section IV of this memorandum.

Step 4: Calculate the Nationwide Costs, Emission Reductions, and Secondary Impacts

The final step in estimating nationwide costs and impacts for the non-Hg HAP metals 

beyond-the-floor option was to apply model APCD costs, emission reductions, and secondary 

impacts to the APCD counts shown in Table 13. The model APCD size is based on the design 

capacity(ies) of the kiln(s) routed to that emission point/APCD. For example, two small kilns 

vented together with a total design capacity of less than 10 tph would be controlled with a small 

APCD, whereas two small kilns vented together that have a total design capacity of more than 

10 tph would be controlled with a large APCD.
18

As noted in Section IV of this memorandum, for purposes of this analysis, it was 

estimated that the DIFF installed to replace the SD/ESP at Belden Brick Company’s facility in 

Sugarcreek, Ohio would be a large DIFF. It was also estimated that three of the 15 FF and one 

of the 45 DLA shown in Table 13 for small kilns would be controlling multiple kilns and would 

therefore be large FF and a large DLA. The remaining APCD shown in Table 13 would be sized 

for one kiln.

For the non-Hg HAP metals beyond-the-floor option, Table 14 shows the summary of 

nationwide costs, Table 15 shows the summary of nationwide emission reductions, and Table 16

shows the summary of nationwide secondary impacts. Based on the incremental annual cost in 

Table 14 and the incremental non-Hg HAP metals emission reductions in Table 15, the cost 

effectiveness of the non-Hg HAP metals beyond-the-floor option is $7.96 million per additional 

ton of non-Hg HAP metals reduced.

Table 14. Summary of Nationwide Costs for the Non-Hg HAP Metals Beyond-the-Floor 

Option

Current 

APCD Action

APCD 

Size

Unit 

Capital 

Costa

Unit 

Annual 

Costa

Number 

of 

APCD

Total Capital 

Cost

Total 

Annual 

Cost

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

Add ACI Large $146,697 $96,482 3 $440,090 $289,446 

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

Retrofit with a 

DIFF

Large $3,820,000 $943,585 2 $7,640,000 $1,887,169 

DLA Install FF Large $1,500,000 $526,006 6 $9,000,000 $3,156,036 

DLA Install FF with 

ACI

Large $1,646,697 $622,488 5 $8,233,483 $3,112,440 

SD/ESP Retrofit with a 

DIFF

Large $3,820,000 $943,585 1 $3,820,000 $943,585 

None Install FF Large $1,500,000 $526,006 4 $6,000,000 $2,104,024 

None Install FF with 

ACI

Large $1,646,697 $622,488 10 $16,466,966 $6,224,880 

None Install DLA Large $1,489,548 $409,722 11 $16,385,023 $4,506,944 

None Install FF Small $1,200,000 $437,845 12 $14,400,000 $5,254,140 

None Install DLA Small $1,096,473 $310,036 44 $48,244,791 $13,641,586 

Total Nationwide 98 $130,630,354 $41,120,250 

Total for Proposed Standards $54,895,527 $18,358,221

Incremental Nationwide Cost $75,734,827 $22,762,029

a Unit costs from Holloway (2014a), except for the DLA capital and annual costs. The DLA capital and annual costs 

shown in this table were increased to account for the fact that if a DLA is installed for a facility to become a 

synthetic area source, it would need to be installed earlier than an APCD installed to comply with the BSCP 

NESHAP. To compare the equivalent net present values for all APCD for purposes of this analysis, a DLA was 

expected to be installed 6 months earlier than other APCD, increasing the capital cost by about 3 percent 

(calculated assuming 7 percent interest over half a year, or 1.070.5). The total annual cost increased due to the 

increase in the annualized capital cost.
19

Table 15. Summary of Emission Reductions for the Non-Hg HAP Metals Beyond-the-Floor Option

Current 

APCD Action

APCD 

Size

Emissions 

Type

Number 

of 

APCD

Emissions Reductions (tpy)

HF HCl Cl2

HAP 

Metals PM Hg SO2 PM2.5

a

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

Add ACI Large Unit 0 0 0 0 0 0.00311 0 0

Total 3 0 0 0 0 0 0.00932 0 0

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

Retrofit 

with a DIFF

Large Unit 0.521 0.0594 0.00272 0.0458 4.17 0 1.39 2.00

Total 2 1.043 0.1187 0.00545 0.0917 8.33 0 2.78 4.00

DLA Install FF Large Unit 0 0 0 0.154 14.0 0 0 6.73

Total 6 0 0 0 0.925 84.1 0 0 40.4

DLA Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 0 0 0 0.154 14.0 0.00311 0 6.73

Total 5 0 0 0 0.771 70.0 0.0155 0 33.6

SD/ESP Retrofit 

with a DIFF

Large Unit 37.3 8.35 1.14 0 0 0 1.39 0

Total 1 37.3 8.35 1.14 0 0 0 1.39 0

None Install FF Large Unit 0 0 0 0.196 17.8 0 0 8.55

Total 4 0 0 0 0.783 71.2 0 0 34.2

None Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 0 0 0 0.196 17.8 0.00311 0 8.55

Total 10 0 0 0 1.96 178 0.0311 0 85.5

None Install DLA Large Unit 33.0 1.42 0.0850 0.0417 3.79 0 22.7 1.82

Total 11 363 15.6 0.935 0.458 41.7 0 249 20.0

None Install FF Small Unit 0 0 0 0.0855 7.78 0 0 3.73

Total 12 0 0 0 1.026 93.3 0 0 44.8

None Install DLA Small Unit 14.4 0.620 0.0371 0.0182 1.65 0 9.90 0.794

Total 44 635 27.3 1.633 0.801 72.8 0 436 34.9

Total Nationwide 98 1,036 51.3 3.71 6.81 620 0.0559 689 297

Total for Proposed Standards 407 24.2 2.09 3.95 359 0.0590 255 173

Incremental Nationwide Emissions 630 27.1 1.62 2.86 260 -0.0031 434 125

a Estimated as 48 percent of PM reductions.
20

Table 16. Summary of Nationwide Secondary Impacts for the Non-Hg HAP Metals Beyond-the-Floor Optiona

Current 

APCD Action

APCD 

Size

Emissions 

Type

Number 

of 

APCD

Energy 

impacts, 

MMBtu/yr

Solid 

waste 

impacts, 

tpy

Wastewater 

impacts, 

gpy

Secondary Air Emissions Increase (tpy)

PM PM2.5 CO NOx SO2

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

Add ACI Large Unit 553 17.9 -- 0.00408 0.00137 0.00688 0.0547 0.159

Total 3 1,659 53.8 0.0122 0.00410 0.0206 0.164 0.478

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

Retrofit with 

a DIFF

Large Unit 0 12.9 -- 0 0 0 0 0

Total 2 0 25.7 0 0 0 0 0

DLA Install FF Large Unit 12,563 17.8 -- 0.0927 0.0311 0.156 1.24 3.62

Total 6 75,378 107 0.556 0.186 0.938 7.45 21.7

DLA Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 13,116 35.7 -- 0.0968 0.0324 0.163 1.30 3.78

Total 5 65,580 179 0.484 0.162 0.816 6.48 18.9

SD/ESP Retrofit with 

a DIFF

Large Unit -24,555 12.9 -4,063 -0.181 -0.0607 -0.305 -2.43 -7.07

Total 1 -24,555 12.9 -4,063 -0.181 -0.0607 -0.305 -2.43 -7.07

None Install FF Large Unit 12,563 17.8 -- 0.0927 0.0311 0.156 1.24 3.62

Total 4 50,252 71.2 0.371 0.124 0.625 4.97 14.5

None Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 13,116 35.7 -- 0.0968 0.0324 0.163 1.30 3.78

Total 10 131,159 357 0.97 0.324 1.63 13.0 37.8

None Install DLA Large Unit 7,424 457 -- 0.0548 0.0184 0.0923 0.734 2.14

Total 11 81,659 5,031 0.602 0.202 1.02 8.07 23.5

None Install FF Small Unit 9,620 7.78 -- 0.071 0.0238 0.120 0.951 2.77

Total 12 115,439 93.3 0.852 0.286 1.44 11.4 33.3

None Install DLA Small Unit 3,741 306 -- 0.0276 0.00925 0.0465 0.370 1.08

Total 44 164,607 13,453 1.21 0.407 2.05 16.3 47.4

Total Nationwide 98 661,179 19,384 -4,063 4.88 1.64 8.22 65.4 190

Total for Proposed Standards 316,842 6,335 -4,063 2.34 0.784 3.94 31.3 91.3

Incremental Nationwide Impacts 344,336 13,048 0 2.54 0.852 4.28 34.0 99.2

a A negative increase in secondary impacts would be equivalent to a reduction in secondary impacts.
21

B. Hg Beyond-the-Floor Option

Step 1: Compare Test Data to Emission Limits

Table 17 shows the percentages for the beyond-the-floor Hg lb/ton and concentration 

emission limits by kiln size.

Table 17. Percentages of BSCP Tunnel Kiln Stacks at Major and Synthetic Area Sources 

With Data Less Than or Equal to Hg Beyond-the-Floor Limit

Kiln Size

Number of Kiln 

Stacks with Data

Percentage of Kilns Meeting

lb/ton Limit

Concentration 

Limit

At Least One 

Limit

Large Kilns 18 16.7% 22.2% 27.8%

Small Kilns 1 100% 100% 100%

Step 2: Develop Preliminary Estimate of Number of APCD Needed

For the Hg beyond-the-floor option, the percentages from Table 17 were applied to the 

kilns in Table 4 for Hg emissions, and the percentages from Table 5 were applied to the kilns in 

Table 4 for non-Hg HAP metals/PM emissions. From these estimates, preliminary estimates of 

the number of APCD needed to be installed were developed using same criteria as described in 

Section V of this memorandum.

Table 18 shows the preliminary estimate of the number of APCD needed for the Hg 

beyond-the-floor option based only on these criteria and the percentages in Tables 4 and 17, 

rounded to the nearest whole number. If multiple kilns were vented together, only one APCD 

was assigned to the stack.

Table 18. Summary of Major Source BSCP Kiln Stacks and Preliminary Estimate of APCD 

to Be Installed for the Hg Beyond-the-Floor Option

Kiln Size

Existing APCD 

Type

Number 

of Kiln 

Stacks

Number 

of Kiln 

Stacks 

Meeting 

PM Limit

Number 

of Kiln 

Stacks 

Meeting 

Hg Limit

Initial Estimate of Kiln Stacks

Install FF

Install FF 

with ACI Add ACI

Large Kilns DIFF or DLS/FF 8 7a 2 0 0 6

DLA 14 12 2 0 12 0

None 31 10 9 0 22 0

Small Kilns SD/ESPb 1 0 1 0 0 0

None 78 49 78 29 0 0

Total 132 79 108 29 32 6

a Because the one kiln stack not meeting the PM lb/ton or concentration limits is already controlled with a PM APCD, 

none of the preliminary assumptions apply. If this kiln stack cannot meet the lb/hr non-Hg HAP metals limit, or if it is 

not located at a facility that could become a synthetic area source by installing a DLA on an uncontrolled kiln, the 

DIFF or DLS/FF would have to be retrofit with a new DIFF.

b The SD/ESP is expected to be replaced with a DIFF (see Section IV of this memorandum).
22

Step 3: Refine the Estimate of Number of APCD Needed

The next step in determining the number of APCD required to be installed included 

considering the impact of the proposed total non-Hg HAP metals lb/hr limit and the beyond-thefloor Hg lb/hr limit, as well as the number of kilns located at facilities that could elect to become 

synthetic area sources. As noted previously in this memorandum, because test data are not 

available for every tunnel kiln in the industry, compliance costs were not estimated for each kiln 

and facility. Therefore, the preliminary APCD estimates in Table 18, the lb/hr limits, and the 

ability of certain facilities to become synthetic area were considered together on a more general 

basis. The following assumptions were used to refine the preliminary APCD estimates:

• For large kilns with a DIFF or DLS/FF, it was assumed that the kiln stack not meeting 

either the proposed PM lb/ton or concentration limits would meet the proposed total

non-Hg HAP metals lb/hr limit.

• For large kilns with a DLA, it was expected that the kiln stacks not meeting the

beyond-the-floor Hg lb/ton or concentration limits would also not meet the beyondthe-floor Hg lb/hr limit, due to the stringency of the beyond-the-floor Hg limits.

• Based on the results of the analysis described in Section III of this memorandum, a 

total of 12 large uncontrolled kiln stacks are located at facilities that could become 

synthetic area sources with installation of a DLA on those stacks. Because the 

beyond-the-floor Hg limits are more stringent than the proposed Hg limits, more 

facilities would be expected to install one or more DLA to become a synthetic area 

source. Therefore, for large uncontrolled kilns, it was assumed that owners or 

operators of 11 of those kiln stacks, or two more than under the proposed standards,

would elect to install a DLA. It was expected that 9 of these 11 are the same kiln 

stacks located at facilities that would install a DLA as in Section V of this 

memorandum that the other two kiln stacks would not meet the proposed Hg limit.

• Because all small uncontrolled kilns are projected to meet the beyond-the-floor Hg 

limit, and the PM and non-Hg HAP metals limits are the same as the proposed 

standards, the same refinements described in Section V of this memorandum were 

applied to small uncontrolled kilns for the Hg beyond-the-floor option.

The final estimates of APCD counts are shown in Table 19.

Table 19. Summary of Major Source BSCP Kiln Stacks and Estimate of APCD to Be 

Installed for the Hg Beyond-the-Floor Option

Kiln Size

Existing APCD 

Type

Number of 

Kiln Stacks

Estimate of Kiln Stacks

Install 

FF

Install 

FF with 

ACI Add ACI

Retrofit 

with a 

DIFF

Install 

DLAa

No 

Change 

in APCD

Large Kilns DIFF or DLS/FF 8 0 0 6 0 0 2

DLA 14 0 12 0 0 0 2

None 31 0 17 0 0 11 3

Small Kilns SD/ESPa 1 0 0 0 1 0 0

None 78 3 0 0 0 5 70

Total 132 3 29 6 1 16 77

a See Section IV of this memorandum.
23

Step 4: Calculate the Nationwide Costs, Emission Reductions, and Secondary Impacts

The final step in estimating nationwide costs and impacts for the non-Hg HAP metals 

beyond-the-floor option was to apply model APCD costs, emission reductions, and secondary 

impacts to the APCD counts shown in Table 19. The model APCD size is based on the design 

capacity(ies) of the kiln(s) routed to that emission point/APCD. For example, two small kilns 

vented together with a total design capacity of less than 10 tph would be controlled with a small 

APCD, whereas two small kilns vented together that have a total design capacity of more than 

10 tph would be controlled with a large APCD.

As noted in Section IV of this memorandum, for purposes of this analysis, the DIFF 

installed to replace the SD/ESP at Belden Brick Company’s facility in Sugarcreek, Ohio would 

be a large DIFF. It was also expected that one of the FF shown in Table 19 for small kilns would 

be controlling multiple kilns and would therefore be a large FF. The remaining APCD shown in 

Table 19 would be sized for one kiln.

For the Hg beyond-the-floor option, Table 20 shows the summary of nationwide costs, 

Table 21 shows the summary of nationwide emission reductions, and Table 22 shows the 

summary of nationwide secondary impacts. Based on the incremental annual cost in Table 20 

and the incremental non-Hg HAP metals emission reductions in Table 21, the cost effectiveness 

of the Hg beyond-the-floor option is $148 million per additional ton of Hg reduced.

Table 20. Summary of Nationwide Costs for the Hg Beyond-the-Floor Option

Current 

APCD Action APCD Size

Unit 

Capital 

Costa

Unit 

Annual 

Costa Number of APCD

Total Capital 

Cost

Total 

Annual 

Cost

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

Add ACI Large $146,697 $112,768 6 $880,180 $676,609 

DLA Install FF Large $1,500,000 $526,006 0 $0 $0 

DLA Install FF with 

ACI

Large $1,646,697 $638,774 12 $19,760,360 $7,665,293 

SD/ESP Retrofit with a 

DIFF

Large $3,820,000 $943,585 1 $3,820,000 $943,585 

None Install FF Large $1,500,000 $526,006 1 $1,500,000 $526,006 

None Install FF with 

ACI

Large $1,646,697 $638,774 17 $27,993,843 $10,859,166 

None Install DLA Large $1,489,548 $409,722 11 $16,385,023 $4,506,944 

None Install FF Small $1,200,000 $437,845 2 $2,400,000 $875,690 

None Install DLA Small $1,096,473 $310,036 5 $5,482,363 $1,550,180 

Total Nationwide 55 $78,221,768 $27,603,473 

Total for Proposed Standards $54,895,527 $18,358,221

Incremental Nationwide Cost $23,326,241 $9,245,253 

a Unit costs from Holloway (2014a), except for the DLA capital and annual costs. The DLA capital and annual costs 

shown in this table were increased to account for the fact that if a DLA is installed for a facility to become a 

synthetic area source, it would need to be installed earlier than an APCD installed to comply with the BSCP 

NESHAP. To compare the equivalent net present values for all APCD for purposes of this analysis, a DLA was 

expected to be installed 6 months earlier than other APCD, increasing the capital cost by about 3 percent 

(calculated assuming 7 percent interest over half a year, or 1.070.5). The total annual cost increased due to the 

increase in the annualized capital cost.
24

Table 21. Summary of Nationwide Emission Reductions for the Hg Beyond-the-Floor Option

Current 

APCD Action

APCD 

Size

Emissions 

Type

Number 

of 

APCD

Emissions Reductions (tpy)

HF HCl Cl2

HAP 

Metals PM Hg SO2 PM2.5

a

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

Add ACI Large Unit 0 0 0 0 0 0.00347 0 0

Total 6 0 0 0 0 0 0.02084 0 0

DLA Install FF Large Unit 0 0 0 0.154 14.0 0 0 6.73

Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

DLA Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 0 0 0 0.154 14.0 0.00347 0 6.73

Total 12 0 0 0 1.85 168.2 0.0417 0 80.7

SD/ESP Retrofit 

with a DIFF

Large Unit 37.3 8.35 1.14 0 0 0 1.39 0

Total 1 37.3 8.35 1.14 0 0 0 1.39 0

None Install FF Large Unit 0 0 0 0.196 17.8 0 0 8.55

Total 1 0 0 0 0.196 17.8 0 0 8.55

None Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 0 0 0 0.196 17.8 0.00347 0 8.55

Total 17 0 0 0 3.33 303 0.0590 0 145

None Install DLA Large Unit 33.0 1.42 0.0850 0.0417 3.79 0 22.7 1.82

Total 11 363 15.6 0.935 0.458 41.7 0 249 20.0

None Install FF Small Unit 0 0 0 0.0855 7.78 0 0 3.73

Total 2 0 0 0 0.171 15.6 0 0 7.46

None Install DLA Small Unit 14.4 0.620 0.0371 0.0182 1.65 0 9.90 0.794

Total 5 72.1 3.10 0.186 0.0910 8.27 0 49.5 3.97

Total Nationwide 55 473 27.1 2.26 6.10 554 0.122 300 266

Total for Proposed Standards 407 24.2 2.09 3.95 359 0.0590 255 173

Incremental Nationwide Emissions 66.1 2.84 0.170 2.14 195 0.0625 45.3 93.5

a Estimated as 48 percent of PM reductions.
25

Table 22. Summary of Nationwide Secondary Impacts for the Hg Beyond-the-Floor Optiona

Current 

APCD Action

APCD 

Size

Emissions 

Type

Number 

of 

APCD

Energy 

impacts, 

MMBtu/yr

Solid 

waste 

impacts, 

tpy

Wastewater 

impacts, 

gpy

Secondary Air Emissions Increase (tpy)

PM PM2.5 CO NOx SO2

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

Add ACI Large Unit 553 27.3 -- 0.00408 0.00137 0.00688 0.0547 0.159

Total 6 3,318 163.8 0.0245 0.00821 0.0413 0.328 0.956

DLA Install FF Large Unit 12,563 17.8 -- 0.0927 0.0311 0.156 1.24 3.62

Total 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 0 0

DLA Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 13,116 45.1 -- 0.0968 0.0324 0.163 1.30 3.78

Total 12 157,391 541 1.16 0.389 1.96 15.6 45.3

SD/ESP Retrofit with 

a DIFF

Large Unit -24,555 12.9 -4,063 -0.181 -0.0607 -0.305 -2.43 -7.07

Total 1 -24,555 12.9 -4,063 -0.181 -0.0607 -0.305 -2.43 -7.07

None Install FF Large Unit 12,563 17.8 -- 0.0927 0.0311 0.156 1.24 3.62

Total 1 12,563 17.8 0.093 0.0311 0.156 1.24 3.62

None Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 13,116 45.1 -- 0.0968 0.0324 0.163 1.30 3.78

Total 17 222,971 767 1.64 0.552 2.77 22.0 64.2

None Install DLA Large Unit 7,424 457 -- 0.0548 0.0184 0.0923 0.734 2.14

Total 11 81,659 5,031 0.602 0.202 1.02 8.07 23.5

None Install FF Small Unit 9,620 7.78 -- 0.071 0.0238 0.120 0.951 2.77

Total 2 19,240 15.6 0.142 0.0476 0.239 1.90 5.54

None Install DLA Small Unit 3,741 306 -- 0.0276 0.00925 0.0465 0.370 1.08

Total 5 18,705 1,529 0.138 0.0463 0.233 1.85 5.39

Total Nationwide 55 491,293 8,078 -4,063 3.62 1.22 6.11 48.6 142

Total for Proposed Standards 316,842 6,335 -4,063 2.34 0.784 3.94 31.3 91.3

Incremental Nationwide Impacts 174,450 1,743 0 1.29 0.432 2.17 17.2 50.3

a A negative increase in secondary impacts would be equivalent to a reduction in secondary impacts.
26

VII. Cost and Emission Reduction Estimates for Meeting non-Hg HAP Metals 

Alternative Standards

The alternative standards for non-Hg HAP metals (with PM as a surrogate) and their 

development are discussed in the memorandum Maximum Achievable Control Technology 

(MACT) Floor Analysis for Brick and Structural Clay Products (Raymond and Sroka, 2014). 

The process to estimate costs and emission reduction impacts for the alternative standards was 

the same as the process used for the proposed standards in Section V of this memorandum. 

Specifically, because test data were not available for all kilns in the industry, several assumptions 

were needed to evaluate the impacts on the whole industry.

Step 1: Compare Test Data to Emission Limits

The first step was to compare the data available with the alternative emission limits to get 

an estimate of the percentage of tunnel kilns in the industry that could meet the alternative limits 

with current APCD configurations. Table 23 shows the percentages for the PM lb/ton and 

concentration alternative emission limits by kiln size and the most common types of APCD (for 

PM).

Table 23. Percentages of BSCP Tunnel Kiln Stacks at Major and Synthetic Area Sources 

With Data Less Than or Equal to Alternative Emission Limits

Pollutant Kiln Size APCD Type

Number of 

Kiln Stacks 

with Dataa

Percentage of Kilns Meetingb

lb/ton 

Limit

Concentration 

Limit

At Least 

One Limit

PM Large Kilns DIFF or DLS/FF 28 28.6% 82.1% 82.1%

DLA 30 3.33% 43.3% 43.3%

None 3 33.3% 33.3% 33.3%

Small Kilns DIFF or DLS/FF 1 100% 100% 100%

DLA 0 ND ND ND

None 16 18.8% 18.8% 25.0%

a PM data were also available for one stack controlled by a SD/ESP (small kilns) and three large kilns with wet 

scrubbers. Those kilns are not shown in the counts for PM emissions data because the SD/ESP is expected to be 

replaced with a DIFF (see Section IV of this memorandum) and all three wet scrubbers are located at synthetic area 

sources, so the results for those APCD are not needed for purposes of estimating impacts on major source 

facilities. In addition, the analysis does not assume that wet scrubbers would be installed or retrofitted to meet the 

proposed PM standards. These kilns are included in the counts for Hg data; because none of the APCD currently 

in use in the BSCP industry target Hg reductions, the ability to meet the Hg standards is not expected to be affected 

by type of current APCD.

b ND = no test data available for that pollutant, kiln size, and APCD combination.

Of the large kilns with both PM and Hg data, five of the 18 kiln stacks meet at least one 

of the alternative PM and one of the proposed Hg limits (see Section V of this memorandum for 

the Hg percentages).

Step 2: Develop Preliminary Estimate of Number of APCD Needed

The percentages from Table 23 were applied to the kilns in Table 4 (see Section V of this 

memorandum) to determine the number of kilns estimated to be able to meet the alternative 
27

limits. From these estimates, preliminary estimates of the number of APCD needed to be 

installed to meet the alternative limits were developed using the same criteria described in 

Section V of this memorandum. Table 24 shows the preliminary estimate of the number of 

APCD needed based only on these criteria and the percentages in Table 23, rounded to the 

nearest whole number. If multiple kilns were vented together, only one APCD was assigned to 

the stack.

Table 24. Summary of Major Source BSCP Kiln Stacks and Preliminary Estimate of APCD 

to be Installed to Meet Alternative Limits

Kiln Size

Existing APCD 

Type

Number 

of Kiln 

Stacks

Number of 

Kiln Stacks 

Meeting 

Alternative 

PM Limit

Number of 

Kiln Stacks 

Meeting 

Proposed 

Hg Limit

Initial Estimate of Kiln Stacks

Install FF

Install FF 

with ACI Add ACI

Large 

Kilns

DIFF or DLS/FF 8 7a 4 0 0 4

DLA 14 5 8 3 6 0

None 31 10 17 7 14 0

Small 

Kilns

SD/ESPb 1 0 1 0 0 0

None 78 20 78 58 0 0

Total 132 42 108 68 21 3

a Because the one kiln stack not meeting the alternative PM lb/ton or concentration limits is already controlled with a 

PM APCD, none of the preliminary assumptions apply. If this kiln stack cannot meet the alternative lb/hr non-Hg 

HAP metals limit, or if it is not located at a facility that could become a synthetic area source by installing a DLA on 

an uncontrolled kiln, the DIFF or DLS/FF would have to be retrofit with a new DIFF. b The SD/ESP is expected to be replaced with a DIFF (see Section IV of this memorandum).

Step 3: Refine the Estimate of Number of APCD Needed

The next step in determining the number of APCD required to be installed included 

considering the impact of the proposed Hg lb/hr limit and the alternative total non-Hg HAP 

metal lb/hr limit, as well as the number of kilns located at facilities that could elect to become 

synthetic area sources. As noted previously in this memorandum, because test data are not 

available for every tunnel kiln in the industry, compliance costs were not estimated for each kiln 

and facility. Therefore, the preliminary APCD estimates in Table 24, the lb/hr limits, and the 

ability of certain facilities to become synthetic area were considered together on a more general 

basis. The following assumptions were used to refine the preliminary APCD estimates:

• For large kilns with a DIFF or DLS/FF, it was assumed that the kiln stack not meeting 

either the alternative PM lb/ton or concentration limits would meet the alternative 

total non-Hg HAP metals lb/hr limit. It was also assumed that one of the kiln stacks 

not meeting the proposed Hg lb/ton or concentration limits would meet the proposed 

Hg lb/hr limit.

• For large kilns with a DLA, it was assumed that one of the kiln stacks not meeting the 

proposed Hg lb/ton or concentration limits would meet the proposed Hg lb/hr limit. It 

was also assumed that this kiln stack is not one of the five stacks that can meet one of 

the alternative PM limits.
28

• Based on the results of the analysis described in Section III of this memorandum, a 

total of 12 large uncontrolled kiln stacks are located at facilities that could become 

synthetic area sources with installation of a DLA on those stacks. Because the 

alternative PM limits are more stringent than the proposed PM limits, more facilities 

would be expected to install one or more DLA to become a synthetic area source. 

Therefore, for large uncontrolled kilns, it was assumed that owners or operators of 10

of those kiln stacks, or one more than under the proposed standards, would elect to 

install a DLA.

• As with large kilns, because the alternative PM limits are more stringent than the 

proposed PM limits, more facilities would be expected to install one or more DLA to 

become a synthetic area source. However, it was still expected that many small 

uncontrolled kilns would be able to meet the alternative total non-Hg HAP metals 

lb/hr limit and would not need to install DLA to become a synthetic area source. 

Therefore, for small uncontrolled kilns, it was assumed that a little over 25 percent of 

the total kiln stacks, or 21 total stacks, were located at facilities that would elect to 

become synthetic area sources by installing a DLA. It was also assumed that 26 of 

the 37 remaining kiln stacks not meeting the alternative PM lb/ton or concentration 

limits (70 percent) would be able to meet the alternative total non-Hg HAP metals 

lb/hr limit.

The final estimates of APCD counts are shown in Table 25.

Table 25. Summary of Major Source BSCP Kiln Stacks and Estimate of APCD to Be 

Installed to Meet Alternative Limits

Kiln Size

Existing 

APCD Type

Number 

of Kiln 

Stacks

Estimate of Kiln Stacks

Install 

FF

Install 

FF with 

ACI

Add 

ACI

Retrofit 

with a 

DIFF

Install 

DLAa

No 

Change 

in APCD

Large Kilns DIFF or DLS/FF 8 0 0 3 0 0 5

DLA 14 4 5 0 0 0 5

None 31 1 10 0 0 10 10

Small Kilns SD/ESPa 1 0 0 0 1 0 0

None 78 11 0 0 0 21 46

Total 132 16 15 3 1 31 66

a See Section IV of this memorandum.

Step 4: Calculate the Nationwide Costs, Emission Reductions, and Secondary Impacts

The final step in estimating nationwide costs and impacts for the alternative limits was to 

apply model APCD costs, emission reductions, and secondary impacts to the APCD counts 

shown in Table 25. The model APCD size is based on the design capacity(ies) of the kiln(s) 

routed to that emission point/APCD. For example, two small kilns vented together with a total 

design capacity of less than 10 tph would be controlled with a small APCD, whereas two small 

kilns vented together that have a total design capacity of more than 10 tph would be controlled 

with a large APCD.
29

As noted in Section IV of this memorandum, for purposes of this analysis, the DIFF 

installed to replace the SD/ESP at Belden Brick Company’s facility in Sugarcreek, Ohio would 

be a large DIFF. It was also expected that three of the 11 FF and one of the 21 DLA shown in 

Table 25 for small kilns would be controlling multiple kilns and would therefore be large FF and 

a large DLA. The remaining APCD shown in Table 25 would be sized for one kiln.

Table 26 shows the summary of nationwide costs for major sources to meet the 

alternative limits, Table 27 shows the summary of nationwide emission reductions for major 

sources to meet the alternative limits, and Table 28 shows the summary of nationwide secondary 

impacts for major sources to meet the alternative limits.

Table 26. Summary of Nationwide Costs for Major Sources to Meet Alternative Limits

Current 

APCD Action

APCD 

Size

Unit 

Capital 

Costa

Unit 

Annual 

Costa

Number 

of 

APCD

Total 

Capital 

Cost

Total 

Annual 

Cost

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

Add ACI Large $146,697 $96,482 3 $440,090 $289,446 

DLA Install FF Large $1,500,000 $526,006 4 $6,000,000 $2,104,024 

DLA Install FF with ACI Large $1,646,697 $622,488 5 $8,233,483 $3,112,440 

SD/ESP Retrofit with a DIFF Large $3,820,000 $943,585 1 $3,820,000 $943,585 

None Install FF Large $1,500,000 $526,006 4 $6,000,000 $2,104,024 

None Install FF with ACI Large $1,646,697 $622,488 10 $16,466,966 $6,224,880 

None Install DLA Large $1,489,548 $409,722 11 $16,385,023 $4,506,944 

None Install FF Small $1,200,000 $437,845 8 $9,600,000 $3,502,760 

None Install DLA Small $1,096,473 $310,036 20 $21,929,451 $6,200,721 

Total Nationwide 66 $88,875,013 $28,988,824 

a Unit costs from Holloway (2014a), except for the DLA capital and annual costs. The DLA capital and annual costs 

shown in this table were increased to account for the fact that if a DLA is installed for a facility to become a 

synthetic area source, it would need to be installed earlier than an APCD installed to comply with the BSCP 

NESHAP. To compare the equivalent net present values for all APCD for purposes of this analysis, a DLA was 

expected to be installed 6 months earlier than other APCD, increasing the capital cost by about 3 percent 

(calculated assuming 7 percent interest over half a year, or 1.070.5). The total annual cost increased due to the 

increase in the annualized capital cost.
30

Table 27. Summary of Nationwide Emission Reductions for Major Sources to Meet Alternative Limits

Current 

APCD Action

APCD 

Size

Emissions 

Type

Number 

of 

APCD

Emissions Reductions (tpy)

HF HCl Cl2

HAP 

Metals PM Hg SO2 PM2.5

a

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

Add ACI Large Unit 0 0 0 0 0 0.00311 0 0

Total 3 0 0 0 0 0 0.00932 0 0

DLA Install FF Large Unit 0 0 0 0.154 14.0 0 0 6.73

Total 4 0 0 0 0.617 56.1 0 0 26.9

DLA Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 0 0 0 0.154 14.0 0.00311 0 6.73

Total 5 0 0 0 0.77 70.1 0.0155 0 33.6

SD/ESP Retrofit 

with a DIFF

Large Unit 37.3 8.35 1.14 0 0 0 1.39 0

Total 1 37.3 8.35 1.14 0 0 0 1.39 0

None Install FF Large Unit 0 0 0 0.196 17.8 0 0 8.55

Total 4 0 0 0 0.783 71.2 0 0 34.2

None Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 0 0 0 0.196 17.8 0.00311 0 8.55

Total 10 0 0 0 1.96 178 0.0311 0 85.5

None Install DLA Large Unit 33.0 1.42 0.0850 0.0417 3.79 0 22.7 1.82

Total 11 363 15.6 0.935 0.458 41.7 0 249 20.0

None Install FF Small Unit 0 0 0 0.0855 7.78 0 0 3.73

Total 8 0 0 0 0.684 62.2 0 0 29.9

None Install DLA Small Unit 14.4 0.620 0.0371 0.0182 1.65 0 9.90 0.794

Total 20 288 12.4 0.742 0.364 33.1 0 198 15.9

Total Nationwide 66 689 36.3 2.82 5.64 512 0.0559 449 246

a Estimated as 48 percent of PM reductions.
31

Table 28. Summary of Nationwide Secondary Impacts for Major Sources to Meet Alternative Limitsa

Current 

APCD Action

APCD 

Size

Emissions 

Type

Number 

of 

APCD

Energy 

impacts, 

MMBtu/yr

Solid 

waste 

impacts, 

tpy

Wastewater 

impacts, 

gpy

Secondary Air Emissions Increase (tpy)

PM PM2.5 CO NOx SO2

DIFF or 

DLS/FF

Add ACI Large Unit 553 17.9 -- 0.00408 0.00137 0.00688 0.0547 0.159

Total 3 1,659 53.8 0.0122 0.00410 0.0206 0.164 0.478

DLA Install FF Large Unit 12,563 17.8 -- 0.0927 0.0311 0.156 1.24 3.62

Total 4 50,252 71.2 0.371 0.1243 0.625 4.97 14.5

DLA Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 13,116 35.7 -- 0.0968 0.0324 0.163 1.30 3.78

Total 5 65,580 179 0.484 0.162 0.816 6.48 18.9

SD/ESP Retrofit with 

a DIFF

Large Unit -24,555 12.9 -4,063 -0.181 -0.0607 -0.305 -2.43 -7.07

Total 1 -24,555 12.9 -4,063 -0.181 -0.0607 -0.305 -2.43 -7.07

None Install FF Large Unit 12,563 17.8 -- 0.0927 0.0311 0.156 1.24 3.62

Total 4 50,252 71.2 0.371 0.1243 0.625 4.97 14.48

None Install FF 

with ACI

Large Unit 13,116 35.7 -- 0.0968 0.0324 0.163 1.30 3.78

Total 10 131,159 357 0.97 0.324 1.63 13.0 37.8

None Install DLA Large Unit 7,424 457 -- 0.0548 0.0184 0.0923 0.734 2.14

Total 11 81,659 5,031 0.602 0.202 1.016 8.07 23.5

None Install FF Small Unit 9,620 7.78 -- 0.071 0.0238 0.120 0.951 2.77

Total 8 76,959 62.2 0.568 0.1904 0.957 7.61 22.17

None Install DLA Small Unit 3,741 306 -- 0.0276 0.00925 0.0465 0.370 1.08

Total 20 74,822 6,115 0.552 0.1851 0.931 7.40 21.6

Total Nationwide 66 507,787 11,954 -4,063 3.75 1.26 6.32 50.2 146

a A negative increase in secondary impacts would be equivalent to a reduction in secondary impacts.
32

VIII. References

Holloway, T. 2014a. Methodology and Assumptions Used to Estimate the Model Costs and 

Impacts of BSCP Air Pollution Control Devices. Memorandum from Thomas Holloway, RTI 

International, to Jeff Telander, EPA/OAQPS/SPPD. November 6, 2014.

Holloway, T. 2014b. Updated BSCP Inventory Database and Documentation. Memorandum 

from Thomas Holloway, RTI International, to Jeff Telander, EPA/OAQPS/SPPD. November 

6, 2014.

Morris, M., T. Palma, and C. Sarsony. 2014. Risk Assessment to Determine a Health-Based 

Emission Limitation for Acid Gases for the Brick and Structural Clay Products 

Manufacturing Source Category. Memorandum from Mark Morris, Ted Palma, and Chris 

Sarsony, EPA/OAQPS/HEID, to Docket EPA-HQ-OAR-2013-0291. May 19, 2014.

Raymond, G. 2014. Test Data Used in BSCP Proposed Rule. Memorandum from Gabrielle 

Raymond, RTI International, to Jeff Telander, EPA/OAQPS/SPPD. November 6, 2014.

Raymond, G and K. Sroka. 2014. Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) Floor 

Analysis for Brick and Structural Clay Products. Memorandum from Gabrielle Raymond 

and Kristin Sroka, RTI International, to Jeff Telander, EPA/OAQPS/SPPD. November 6, 

2014.

 
Appendix A

Analysis of the Cost to Facilities to Become Synthetic Area Sources
A-1

Table A-1. Kiln List

Kiln ID Facility ID

Company 

Name Facility Name City State

Combined 

Design 

Capacity 

(tph)

Operating 

Hours APCD

APCD 

Size

502 ACME-3 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Bennett Tunnel 

Plant (BTP)

Millsap TX 15.98 8352 DLS/FF LCD

507 ACME-8 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Elgin Plant 

(ELP/ENP)

Elgin TX 10.00 8400 None LCD

508 ACME-8 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Elgin Plant 

(ELP/ENP)

Elgin TX 19.10 8760 DIFF LCD

509 ACME-9 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Eureka Plant (EBP) Clarksville AR 3.99 8760 None SCD

510 ACME-9 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Eureka Plant (EBP) Clarksville AR 3.99 1416 None SCD

511 ACME-9 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Eureka Plant (EBP) Clarksville AR 3.99 8760 None SCD

512 ACME-12 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Holly Springs Plant 

(HSP)

Holly 

Springs

MS 8.45 8760 None SCD

513 ACME-14 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Kanapolis Plant 

(KAP)

Kanopolis KS 5.78 8760 None SCD

500 ACME-1 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Ochs Brick Plant 

(AOP)

Springfield MN 6.25 7665 None SCD

501 ACME-1 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Ochs Brick Plant 

(AOP)

Springfield MN 6.25 7665 None SCD

515 ACME-18 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Perla Plant 

(PEP/PWP)

Malvern AR 9.66 8760 None SCD

516 ACME-18 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Perla Plant 

(PEP/PWP)

Malvern AR 7.86 8760 None SCD

518 ACME-20 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Texas Clay Plant 

(TCP)

Malakoff TX 10.20 8760 DLA LCD

519/520 ACME-20 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Texas Clay Plant 

(TCP)

Malakoff TX 10.20 8760 None LCD

521 ACME-21 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Tulsa Plant (TUP) Tulsa OK 8.51 8760 None SCD
A-2

Kiln ID Facility ID

Company 

Name Facility Name City State

Combined 

Design 

Capacity 

(tph)

Operating 

Hours APCD

APCD 

Size

522 ACME-23 Acme Brick 

Company

Acme- Wheeler Plant 

(WTP)

Jonesboro AR 7.01 8760 None SCD

523 2 American Eagle 

Brick Co

American Eagle Brick Co Sunland 

Park

NM 3.40 7000 None SCD

526 BELD-1 Belden Brick 

Company

Belden- Plant #2 

Sugarcreek

Sugarcreek OH 10.65 8760 DIFF LCD

527 BELD-1 Belden Brick 

Company

Belden- Plant #3 

Sugarcreek

Sugarcreek OH 13.70 8760 DIFF LCD

528/529/530 BELD-1 Belden Brick 

Company

Belden- Plant #6 

Sugarcreek

Sugarcreek OH 15.96 8760 None LCD

531/532/533 BELD-1 Belden Brick 

Company

Belden- Plant #8 

Sugarcreek

Sugarcreek OH 23.31 8760 SD/ESP LCD

534/535 BELD-1 Belden Brick 

Company

Belden- Plant #9 

Sugarcreek

Sugarcreek OH 6.10 8760 None SCD

536 BELD-2 Belden Brick 

Company

Belden- Plant 1 Strasburg Strasburg OH 3.08 0 None SCD

537/538 BORA-1 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Atlanta Plant Smyrna GA 29.94 6264 DIFF LCD

539 BORA-2 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Augusta Plant 6 Augusta GA 11.25 8424 None LCD

540 BORA-2 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Augusta Plant 6 Augusta GA 11.25 8064 None LCD

545 BORA-4 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Bessemer Plant #5 Bessemer AL 12.00 8760 None LCD

546 BORA-4 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Bessemer Plant #5 Bessemer AL 12.00 7608 None LCD

547/548 BORA-5 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Bessemer Plant #6 Bessemer AL 25.02 8016 DIFF LCD

549 BORA-6 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Gleason Plant Gleason TN 9.80 8760 None SCD

550 BORA-6 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Gleason Plant Gleason TN 9.80 8760 None SCD

551/552 BORA-7 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Henderson Facility Henderson TX 22.66 8760 DLA LCD

558 BORA-13 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Muskogee Plant Muskogee OK 23.43 8256 DIFF LCD

559 BORA-14 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 3 Phenix City AL 10.00 8136 None LCD

560 BORA-14 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 3 Phenix City AL 10.00 7080 None LCD

561 BORA-15 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 4 Phenix City AL 11.20 5664 None LCD

562 BORA-15 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 4 Phenix City AL 11.20 8760 None LCD
A-3

Kiln ID Facility ID

Company 

Name Facility Name City State

Combined 

Design 

Capacity 

(tph)

Operating 

Hours APCD

APCD 

Size

563 BORA-15 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 4 Phenix City AL 13.50 6744 None LCD

566 BORA-17 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Salisbury Plant Salisbury NC 27.80 8760 DIFF LCD

567 BORA-18 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Terre Haute Plant Terre Haute IN 26.00 8760 DIFF LCD

699 181 Certainteed 

Corporation

Certainteed CorporationLudowiciNew 

Lexington

OH 7.78 8760 None SCD

575 19 Cherokee Brick 

& Tile Co

Cherokee Brick & Tile Macon GA 5.48 6240 None SCD

576 19 Cherokee Brick 

& Tile Co

Cherokee Brick & Tile Macon GA 5.48 6240 None SCD

577/578 19 Cherokee Brick 

& Tile Co

Cherokee Brick & Tile Macon GA 29.48 6240 DLA LCD

581 34 Columbus Brick 

Co

Columbus Brick Company Columbus MS 7.90 7920 None SCD

582 34 Columbus Brick 

Co

Columbus Brick Company Columbus MS 7.90 7920 None SCD

583 34 Columbus Brick 

Co

Columbus Brick Company Columbus MS 18.30 7920 DLA LCD

584 134 Commercial 

Brick Corp

Commercial Brick Corp Wewoka OK 12.26 4680 None LCD

585 134 Commercial 

Brick Corp

Commercial Brick Corp Wewoka OK 12.26 4680 None LCD

586 134 Commercial 

Brick Corp

Commercial Brick Corp Wewoka OK 12.26 4680 None LCD

587 64 Continental Brick 

Co

Continental BrickMartinsburgMartinsburg WV 8.35 7920 None SCD

588 64 Continental Brick 

Co

Continental BrickMartinsburgMartinsburg WV 8.35 7920 None SCD

590 83 Cunningham 

Brick Company, 

Inc

Cunningham- Cleveland 

Co

Grover NC 9.08 7920 None SCD
A-4

Kiln ID Facility ID

Company 

Name Facility Name City State

Combined 

Design 

Capacity 

(tph)

Operating 

Hours APCD

APCD 

Size

591 84 Cunningham 

Brick Company, 

Inc

Cunningham- Thomasville Thomasville NC 11.55 7920 None LCD

594 153 Elgin-Butler Brick 

Co

Elgin Butler Plant Elgin TX 1.53 7920 None SCD

595 153 Elgin-Butler Brick 

Co

Elgin Butler Plant Elgin TX 1.53 7920 None SCD

596 23 Endicott Clay 

Products Co

Endicott Clay Products Fairbury NE 9.00 6720 None SCD

597 23 Endicott Clay 

Products Co

Endicott Clay Products Fairbury NE 9.00 6720 None SCD

598 23 Endicott Clay 

Products Co

Endicott Clay Products Fairbury NE 8.86 6720 None SCD

599 158 General Finance, 

Inc

General Finance- Cloud 

Ceramics

Concordia KS 6.17 4944 DIFF SCD

605 GENE-5 General Shale 

Brick, Inc

General Shale Brick-Plant 

40

Coosa GA 18.75 8760 DIFF LCD

606 GENE-5 General Shale 

Brick, Inc

General Shale Brick-Plant 

40

Coosa GA 18.75 8760 DIFF LCD

612/613 GENE-8 General Shale 

Brick, Inc

General Shale Brick-Plants 

35 & 36

Blue Ridge 

(Roanoke)

VA 20.20 8760 DLA LCD

614 GENE-8 General Shale 

Brick, Inc

General Shale Brick-Plants 

35 & 36

Blue Ridge 

(Roanoke)

VA 22.00 8760 DLA LCD

615 GENE-9 General Shale 

Brick, Inc

General Shale Brick-Plants 

6 & 28

Atkins 

(Marion)

VA 3.68 8760 None SCD

616 GENE-9 General Shale 

Brick, Inc

General Shale Brick-Plants 

6 & 28

Atkins 

(Marion)

VA 3.68 8760 None SCD

617 GENE-9 General Shale 

Brick, Inc

General Shale Brick-Plants 

6 & 28

Atkins 

(Marion)

VA 15.02 8760 DLA LCD

618 GENE-15 General Shale 

Brick, Inc

General Shale- CorbinPlant 33Woodbine KY 9.9 0 None SCD
A-5

Kiln ID Facility ID

Company 

Name Facility Name City State

Combined 

Design 

Capacity 

(tph)

Operating 

Hours APCD

APCD 

Size

619 GENE-15 General Shale 

Brick, Inc

General Shale- CorbinPlant 33Woodbine KY 14.4 0 None LCD

622/623 GENE-11 General Shale 

Brick, Inc

General Shale- Moncure 

Facility

Moncure NC 27.40 8760 None LCD

624 GENE-11 General Shale 

Brick, Inc

General Shale- Moncure 

Facility

Moncure NC 20.55 8760 DLA LCD

625 GENE-11 General Shale 

Brick, Inc

General Shale- Moncure 

Facility

Moncure NC 20.55 8760 DLA LCD

626/627 GENE-12 General Shale 

Brick, Inc

General Shale Robinson 

Brick Co.-Plant 2

Denver CO 20.40 8760 DLA LCD

635 GLEN-1 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationBiglerBigler PA 16.20 6225 None LCD

636 GLEN-1 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationBiglerBigler PA 16.20 6225 None LCD

637 GLEN-2 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationCaledoniaCaledonia OH 8.89 6408 None SCD

638 GLEN-2 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationCaledoniaCaledonia OH 8.89 6408 None SCD

639 GLEN-3 Glen Gery Glen-Gery Corporation -

Capitol

Manassas VA 16.7 0 None LCD

644 GLEN-8 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationMarseillesMarseilles IL 15.54 6648 DLA LCD

645 GLEN-8 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationMarseillesMarseilles IL 15.96 6648 DLA LCD

642 GLEN-5 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationRedfieldRedfield IA 10.94 6552 None LCD

648 GLEN-10 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationYorkYork PA 11.24 7032 None LCD

649 GLEN-10 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationYorkYork PA 19.76 7896 DLA LCD

650 HANS2 Hanson Brick 

East, LLC

Hanson- Athens Athens TX 9.53 8760 None SCD
A-6

Kiln ID Facility ID

Company 

Name Facility Name City State

Combined 

Design 

Capacity 

(tph)

Operating 

Hours APCD

APCD 

Size

671 HANS13 Hanson Brick 

East, LLC

Hanson- Columbia - Plant 

2

Columbia SC 11.30 8352 None LCD

672 HANS13 Hanson Brick 

East, LLC

Hanson- Columbia - Plant 

2

Columbia SC 11.30 8352 None LCD

673/674 HANS14 Hanson Brick 

East, LLC

Hanson- Columbia - Plant 

4

Columbia SC 22.60 8280 DLA LCD

652 HANS5 Hanson Brick 

East, LLC

Hanson- Elgin Elgin TX 11.50 8760 None LCD

653 HANS5 Hanson Brick

East, LLC

Hanson- Elgin Elgin TX 12.20 8760 DLS/FF LCD

656 HANS7 Hanson Brick 

East, LLC

Hanson- Mineral Wells 

East

Mineral 

Wells

TX 7.99 8760 None SCD

663 HANS9 Hanson Brick 

East, LLC

Hanson- Ninety Six Ninety-Six SC 8.90 7200 None SCD

664 HANS9 Hanson Brick 

East, LLC

Hanson- Ninety Six Ninety-Six SC 8.90 4944 None SCD

665 HANS9 Hanson Brick 

East, LLC

Hanson- Ninety Six Ninety-Six SC 8.90 2136 None SCD

667 HANS11 Hanson Brick 

East, LLC

Hanson- Roseboro Roseboro NC 10.50 6528 None LCD

668 HANS11 Hanson Brick 

East, LLC

Hanson- Roseboro Roseboro NC 10.50 6528 None LCD

669 HANS12 Hanson Brick 

East, LLC

Hanson- Stanton Stanton KY 8.00 8604 None SCD

677 145 Hebron Brick 

Company

Hebron Brick Plant Hebron ND 9.60 7600 None SCD

679 78 Henry Brick 

Company, Inc

Henry Brick Selma AL 13.10 8760 DLA LCD

680 78 Henry Brick 

Company, Inc

Henry Brick Selma AL 13.10 8760 DLA LCD

589 178NR International 

Chimney Corp

Continental ClayKittanningKittanning PA 2.25 8760 None SCD
A-7

Kiln ID Facility ID

Company 

Name Facility Name City State

Combined 

Design 

Capacity 

(tph)

Operating 

Hours APCD

APCD 

Size

704/705/706/

707

184 Ironrock Capital 

(formerly 

Metropolitan 

Ceramics, Inc.)

Ironrock Capital (formerly 

Metropolitan Ceramics, 

Inc.)

Canton OH 13.32 7700 None LCD

684 35 Acme Brick 

Company

Jenkins- Coosaada Plant Coosaada AL 9.50 7080 None SCD

685 35 Acme Brick 

Company

Jenkins- Coosaada Plant Coosaada AL 9.50 7080 None SCD

689 175NR Kansas Brick 

and Tile Co

Kansas Brick and Tile Hoisington KS 6.00 8760 None SCD

690 104 Kasten Clay 

Products Co

Kasten Clay Products Jackson MO 3.74 2288 None SCD

703 139 L.P. McNear

Brick Co, Inc

McNear Brickyard San Rafael CA 8.20 6800 None SCD

693 135 Lee Brick and 

Tile Co

Lee Brick Sanford Facility Sanford NC 12.24 7840 None LCD

694 135 Lee Brick and 

Tile Co

Lee Brick Sanford Facility Sanford NC 9.64 7840 None SCD

695 135 Lee Brick and 

Tile Co

Lee Brick Sanford Facility Sanford NC 12.67 7840 None LCD

696 135 Lee Brick and 

Tile Co

Lee Brick Sanford Facility Sanford NC 13.50 7840 DLA LCD

701 50 Marion 

Ceramics, Inc

Marion Ceramics Pee Dee SC 3.13 8760 None SCD

702 42 McAvoy Brick Co McAvoy Brick Phoenixville PA 12.00 7920 None LCD

592 MOHA-4 Mohawk 

Industries

Dal-Tile, Fayette, Alabama Fayette AL 3.56 6024 None SCD

593 MOHA-4 Mohawk 

Industries

Dal-Tile, Fayette, Alabama Fayette AL 3.56 6024 None SCD

178 MOHA-6 Mohawk 

Industries

Dal-Tile, Lewisport, 

Kentucky

Lewisport KY 1.75 6024 None SCD
A-8

Kiln ID Facility ID

Company 

Name Facility Name City State

Combined 

Design 

Capacity 

(tph)

Operating 

Hours APCD

APCD 

Size

180 MOHA-6 Mohawk 

Industries

Dal-Tile, Lewisport, 

Kentucky

Lewisport KY 1.98 6024 None SCD

179 MOHA-6 Mohawk 

Industries

Dal-Tile, Lewisport, 

Kentucky

Lewisport KY 1.98 6024 None SCD

709 87 Mutual Materials 

Co

Mutual Materials-Mica Mica WA 9.60 7920 None SCD

710 88 Mutual Materials 

Co

Mutual MaterialsNewcastleRenton WA 7.52 7080 None SCD

711 68 Old Virginia Brick 

Co

Old Virginia- Madison 

Heights

Madison 

Heights

VA 8.44 4800 None SCD

712 69 Old Virginia Brick 

Co

Old Virginia-Salem Salem VA 6.77 4800 None SCD

713 69 Old Virginia Brick 

Co

Old Virginia-Salem Salem VA 4.65 4800 None SCD

714 176NR Pacific Clay 

Products

Pacific Clay ProductsLake ElsinoreLake 

Elsinore

CA 2.57 8760 None SCD

715 176NR Pacific Clay 

Products

Pacific Clay ProductsLake ElsinoreLake 

Elsinore

CA 2.57 8760 None SCD

716 176NR Pacific Clay 

Products

Pacific Clay ProductsLake ElsinoreLake 

Elsinore

CA 5.14 8760 None SCD

727/728 137 Pine Hall Brick 

Co, Inc

Pine Hall- Madison Plant Madison NC 19.08 7880 None LCD

729/730 137 Pine Hall Brick 

Co, Inc

Pine Hall- Madison Plant Madison NC 26.60 7880 DLA LCD

731/732 137 Pine Hall Brick 

Co, Inc

Pine Hall- Madison Plant Madison NC 19.20 7880 None LCD

735 159 Ragland Clay 

Products, LLC

Ragland Clay Products Ragland AL 3.36 6240 None SCD

742 45 Richards Brick 

Co

Richards Brick Edwardsvill

e

IL 4.62 2016 None SCD

743 45 Richards Brick 

Co

Richards Brick Edwardsvill

e

IL 4.62 2016 None SCD
A-9

Kiln ID Facility ID

Company 

Name Facility Name City State

Combined 

Design 

Capacity 

(tph)

Operating 

Hours APCD

APCD 

Size

747 90 Sioux City Brick 

and Tile Co

Sioux City- Adel Plant Adel IA 13.10 7920 DLA LCD

748 90 Sioux City Brick 

and Tile Co

Sioux City- Adel Plant Adel IA 16.37 7920 DIFF LCD

749 140 Sioux City Brick 

and Tile Co

Sioux City- Sergeant Bluff 

Plant

Sergeant 

Bluff

IA 11.45 7920 DLA LCD

753 46 Statesville Brick 

Co

Statesville Brick Statesville NC 11.00 5000 None LCD

754 46 Statesville Brick 

Co

Statesville Brick Statesville NC 9.35 5000 None SCD

758 116 Summit Pressed 

Brick and Tile Co

Summit- Brick Plant and 

Storage Yard

Pueblo CO 6.75 7056 None SCD

759 186 Summitville 

Tiles, Inc.

Summitville Tiles, Inc.-

Minerva Plant

Minerva OH 1.11 6240 None SCD

760 186 Summitville 

Tiles, Inc.

Summitville Tiles, Inc.-

Minerva Plant

Minerva OH 1.24 6240 None SCD

761 186 Summitville 

Tiles, Inc.

Summitville Tiles, Inc.-

Minerva Plant

Minerva OH 1.11 6240 None SCD

762 186 Summitville 

Tiles, Inc.

Summitville Tiles, Inc.-

Minerva Plant

Minerva OH 1.11 6240 None SCD

766/767 49 Triangle Brick Triangle Brick- Merry Oaks 

Plant

Moncure NC 23.70 8760 DLA LCD

768 49 Triangle Brick Triangle Brick- Merry Oaks 

Plant

Moncure NC 24.70 8760 DLA LCD

769 TriWade Triangle Brick Triangle Brick- Wadesboro 

Plant

Wadesboro NC 20.00 8760 DLA LCD

770 TriWade Triangle Brick Triangle Brick- Wadesboro 

Plant

Wadesboro NC 20.00 8760 DLA LCD

773 124 Watsontown 

Brick Co

Watsontown Brick Watsontow

n

PA 7.98 8760 None SCD

774 124 Watsontown 

Brick Co

Watsontown Brick Watsontow

n

PA 10.00 8760 DIFF LCD
A-10

Kiln ID Facility ID

Company 

Name Facility Name City State

Combined 

Design 

Capacity 

(tph)

Operating 

Hours APCD

APCD 

Size

775 Whit Whitacre Greer Whitacre Greer Alliance OH 11.90 8760 None LCD

776 Whit Whitacre Greer Whitacre Greer Alliance OH 6.80 8760 None SCD

777 147 Yankee Hill Brick 

and Tile

Yankee Hill Brick and Tile Lincoln NE 4.90 6240 None SCD
A-11

Table A-2. Emissions Estimates, Control Codes, and Test Data Codes by Kiln

Kiln ID

Emission Factors from Test 

Data (lb/ton)

Average Emission Factors 

(lb/ton) Kiln Emissions (tpy)

Control 

Code

Test 

Data 

HF HCl Cl2 HF HCl Cl2 HF HCl Cl2 Code

Total 

HAP

502 0.001966 0.003634 0.002432 0.138 0.254 0.170 0.562 1 2

507 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 26.2 3.54 0.151 29.9 0 0

508 0.01797 0.1133 2.747E-05 1.50 9.48 0.00230 11.0 1 2

509 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 10.5 1.41 0.0604 11.9 0 0

510 1.148 0.08084 0.003458 20.1 1.41 0.0604 21.5 0 1

511 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 10.5 1.41 0.0604 11.9 0 0

512 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 22.1 2.99 0.128 25.3 0 0

513 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 15.1 2.05 0.0875 17.3 0 0

500 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 16.4 2.21 0.0947 18.7 0 0

501 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 16.4 2.21 0.0947 18.7 0 0

515 0.05800 0.5983 0.003458 25.3 2.45 0.146 27.9 0 1

516 0.1507 0.08073 0.003458 5.19 2.78 0.119 8.09 0 2

518 0.01393 0.1963 0.003458 0.622 8.77 0.109 9.50 1 2

519/520 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 26.7 3.61 0.154 30.5 0 0

521 1.316 0.2997 0.003458 49.1 11.2 0.129 60.4 0 2

522 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 18.4 2.48 0.106 21.0 0 0

523 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 8.91 1.20 0.0515 10.2 0 0

526 0.04221 0.02940 0.006779 1.97 1.37 0.316 3.66 1 2

527 0.07735 0.01228 0.0004661 4.64 0.737 0.0280 5.41 1 2

528/529/530 0.5808 0.02998 0.003458 40.63 2.10 0.242 42.9 0 2

531/532/533 0.8786 0.2142 0.02721 89.75 21.9 2.78 114 1 2

534/535 0.5709 0.03509 0.003458 15.3 0.937 0.0924 16.3 0 2

536 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 8.07 1.09 0.0467 9.21 0 0

537/538 0.1054 0.007070 0.003458 13.8 0.927 0.319 15.1 1 2

539 0.2720 0.08084 0.003458 13.4 3.98 0.170 17.6 0 1

540 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 29.5 3.98 0.170 33.6 0 0
A-12

Kiln ID

Emission Factors from Test 

Data (lb/ton)

Average Emission Factors 

(lb/ton) Kiln Emissions (tpy)

Control 

Code

Test 

Data 

HF HCl Cl2 HF HCl Cl2 HF HCl Cl2 Code

Total 

HAP

545 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 31.4 4.25 0.182 35.9 0 0

546 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 31.4 4.25 0.182 35.9 0 0

547/548 0.003287 0.001474 0.0001577 0.360 0.161 0.0172 0.539 1 2

549 0.6395 0.08084 0.003458 27.5 3.47 0.148 31.1 0 1

550 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 25.7 3.47 0.148 29.3 0 0

551/552 0.1412 0.07520 0.002629 14.0 7.46 0.261 21.7 1 2

558 0.0001778 0.003990 0.002432 0.0182 0.409 0.249 0.677 1 2

559 0.2154 0.0969 0.003458 9.44 4.25 0.151 13.8 0 2

560 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 26.2 3.54 0.151 29.9 0 0

561 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 29.4 3.97 0.170 33.5 0 0

562 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 29.4 3.97 0.170 33.5 0 0

563 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 35.4 4.78 0.204 40.4 0 0

566 0.004354 0.004170 0.02444 0.530 0.508 2.98 4.01 1 2

567 0.0001714 0.01362 0.002432 0.0195 1.55 0.277 1.85 1 2

699 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 20.4 2.75 0.118 23.3 0 0

575 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 14.4 1.94 0.0830 16.4 0 0

576 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 14.4 1.94 0.0830 16.4 0 0

577/578 0.1275 0.07905 0.002432 16.5 10.2 0.315 27.0 1 2

581 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 20.7 2.80 0.120 23.6 0 0

582 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 20.7 2.80 0.120 23.6 0 0

583 0.04519 0.04494 0.002441 3.62 3.60 0.196 7.42 1 2

584 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 32.1 4.34 0.186 36.7 0 0

585 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 32.1 4.34 0.186 36.7 0 0

586 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 32.1 4.34 0.186 36.7 0 0

587 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 21.9 2.96 0.126 25.0 0 0

588 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 21.9 2.96 0.126 25.0 0 0

590 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 23.8 3.22 0.138 27.1 0 0
A-13

Kiln ID

Emission Factors from Test 

Data (lb/ton)

Average Emission Factors 

(lb/ton) Kiln Emissions (tpy)

Control 

Code

Test 

Data 

HF HCl Cl2 HF HCl Cl2 HF HCl Cl2 Code

Total 

HAP

591 0.4461 0.08084 0.003458 22.6 4.09 0.175 26.8 0 1

594 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 4.01 0.542 0.0232 4.57 0 0

595 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 4.01 0.542 0.0232 4.57 0 0

596 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 23.6 3.19 0.136 26.9 0 0

597 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 23.6 3.19 0.136 26.9 0 0

598 0.2357 0.08084 0.003458 9.15 3.14 0.134 12.4 0 1

599 0.04606 0.009585 0.002432 1.24 0.259 0.0657 1.57 1 2

605 0.04933 0.08224 0.002432 4.05 6.75 0.200 11.0 1 2

606 0.1454 0.05536 0.0001111 11.9 4.55 0.00913 16.5 1 2

612/613 0.005068 0.05985 0.002441 0.448 5.30 0.216 5.96 1 1

614 0.1079 0.2017 0.002441 10.4 19.4 0.235 30.1 1 2

615 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 9.64 1.30 0.0557 11.0 0 0

616 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 9.64 1.30 0.0557 11.0 0 0

617 0.03709 0.05985 0.002441 2.44 3.94 0.161 6.54 1 0

618 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 25.9 3.51 0.150 29.6 0 0

619 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 37.7 5.10 0.218 43.1 0 0

622/623 0.0863 0.08084 0.003458 10.4 9.70 0.415 20.5 0 1

624 0.03709 0.05985 0.002441 3.34 5.39 0.220 8.95 1 0

625 0.003011 0.02776 0.002441 0.271 2.50 0.220 2.99 1 2

626/627 0.03709 0.05985 0.002441 3.31 5.35 0.218 8.88 1 0

635 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 42.5 5.74 0.245 48.4 0 0

636 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 42.5 5.74 0.245 48.4 0 0

637 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 23.3 3.15 0.135 26.6 0 0

638 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 23.3 3.15 0.135 26.6 0 0

639 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 43.8 5.91 0.253 49.9 0 0

644 0.008043 0.1204 0.002441 0.547 8.20 0.166 8.91 1 2

645 0.01136 0.0859 0.002441 0.794 6.01 0.171 6.97 1 2
A-14

Kiln ID

Emission Factors from Test 

Data (lb/ton)

Average Emission Factors 

(lb/ton) Kiln Emissions (tpy)

Control 

Code

Test 

Data 

HF HCl Cl2 HF HCl Cl2 HF HCl Cl2 Code

Total 

HAP

642 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 28.7 3.87 0.166 32.7 0 0

648 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 29.5 3.98 0.170 33.6 0 0

649 0.05011 0.02146 0.002441 4.34 1.86 0.211 6.41 1 2

650 0.5304 0.1577 0.003458 22.1 6.58 0.144 28.9 0 2

671 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 29.6 4.00 0.171 33.8 0 0

672 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 29.6 4.00 0.171 33.8 0 0

673/674 0.03830 0.01529 0.002441 3.79 1.51 0.242 5.55 1 2

652 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 30.1 4.07 0.174 34.4 0 0

653 0.001581 0.004446 0.0001515 0.0845 0.238 0.00809 0.330 1 2

656 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 20.9 2.83 0.121 23.9 0 0

663 0.5385 0.08084 0.003458 21.0 3.15 0.135 24.3 0 1

664 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 23.3 3.15 0.135 26.6 0 0

665 0.4985 0.08084 0.003458 19.4 3.15 0.135 22.7 0 1

667 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 27.5 3.72 0.159 31.4 0 0

668 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 27.5 3.72 0.159 31.4 0 0

669 0.7923 0.08084 0.003458 27.8 2.83 0.121 30.7 0 1

677 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 25.2 3.40 0.145 28.7 0 0

679 0.002381 0.03804 0.002441 0.137 2.18 0.140 2.46 1 2

680 0.003030 0.02956 0.002441 0.174 1.70 0.140 2.01 1 2

589 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 5.90 0.797 0.0341 6.73 0 0

704/705/706/

707

0.4127 0.08084 0.003458 24.1 4.72 0.202 29.0 0 1

684 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 24.9 3.36 0.144 28.4 0 0

685 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 24.9 3.36 0.144 28.4 0 0

689 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 15.7 2.12 0.0909 17.9 0 0

690 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 9.81 1.33 0.0567 11.2 0 0

703 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 21.5 2.90 0.124 24.5 0 0

693 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 32.1 4.33 0.185 36.6 0 0
A-15

Kiln ID

Emission Factors from Test 

Data (lb/ton)

Average Emission Factors 

(lb/ton) Kiln Emissions (tpy)

Control 

Code

Test 

Data 

HF HCl Cl2 HF HCl Cl2 HF HCl Cl2 Code

Total 

HAP

694 0.5041 0.08084 0.003458 21.3 3.41 0.146 24.8 0 1

695 0.5748 0.01090 0.003458 31.9 0.605 0.192 32.7 0 2

696 0.003947 0.1005 0.002441 0.233 5.94 0.144 6.32 1 2

701 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 8.21 1.11 0.0474 9.366 0 0

702 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 31.4 4.25 0.182 35.9 0 0

592 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 9.33 1.26 0.0539 10.6 0 0

593 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 9.33 1.26 0.0539 10.6 0 0

178 0.7925 0.02329 0.003458 6.07 0.179 0.0265 6.28 0 2

180 0.4491 0.02326 0.003458 3.89 0.202 0.0300 4.13 0 2

179 0.3862 0.02031 0.003458 3.35 0.176 0.0300 3.56 0 2

709 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 25.2 3.40 0.145 28.7 0 0

710 1.068 0.08084 0.003458 35.2 2.66 0.114 38.0 0 1

711 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 22.1 2.99 0.128 25.2 0 0

712 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 17.7 2.40 0.103 20.2 0 0

713 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 12.2 1.65 0.0704 13.9 0 0

714 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 6.74 0.910 0.0389 7.68 0 0

715 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 6.74 0.910 0.0389 7.68 0 0

716 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 13.5 1.82 0.0779 15.4 0 0

727/728 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 50.0 6.76 0.289 57.0 0 0

729/730 0.02108 0.01165 0.002441 2.46 1.36 0.284 4.10 1 2

731/732 0.4038 0.09573 0.003458 34.0 8.05 0.291 42.3 0 2

735 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 8.81 1.19 0.0509 10.0 0 0

742 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 12.1 1.64 0.0700 13.8 0 0

743 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 12.1 1.64 0.0700 13.8 0 0

747 0.03709 0.05985 0.002441 2.13 3.43 0.140 5.70 1 0

748 0.03888 0.02798 0.002432 2.79 2.01 0.174 4.97 1 0

749 0.03709 0.05985 0.002441 1.86 3.00 0.122 4.98 1 0
A-16

Kiln ID

Emission Factors from Test 

Data (lb/ton)

Average Emission Factors 

(lb/ton) Kiln Emissions (tpy)

Control 

Code

Test 

Data 

HF HCl Cl2 HF HCl Cl2 HF HCl Cl2 Code

Total 

HAP

753 0.2944 0.08084 0.003458 14.2 3.89 0.167 18.2 0 1

754 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 24.5 3.31 0.142 28.0 0 0

758 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 17.7 2.39 0.102 20.2 0 0

759 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 2.91 0.393 0.0168 3.32 0 0

760 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 3.25 0.439 0.0188 3.71 0 0

761 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 2.91 0.393 0.0168 3.32 0 0

762 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 2.91 0.393 0.0168 3.32 0 0

766/767 0.008777 0.01987 0.002441 0.911 2.06 0.253 3.23 1 2

768 0.004627 0.01136 0.002441 0.501 1.23 0.264 1.99 1 2

769 0.005255 0.02585 0.002441 0.460 2.26 0.214 2.94 1 2

770 0.005066 0.02280 0.002441 0.444 2.00 0.214 2.65 1 2

773 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 20.9 2.83 0.121 23.9 0 0

774 0.03888 0.02798 0.002432 1.70 1.23 0.107 3.03 1 0

775 0.1319 0.009590 0.0003769 6.87 0.500 0.0196 7.39 0 2

776 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 17.8 2.41 0.103 20.3 0 0

777 0.5983 0.08084 0.003458 12.8 1.73 0.0742 14.6 0 0
A-17

Table A-3. Facility Status Based on Current Emissions Estimates

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name City State

Facility Emissions (tpy)

Current 

HF HCl Cl2 Status

Total 

HAP

ACME-3 Acme Brick Company Acme- Bennett Tunnel Plant (BTP) Millsap TX 0.138 0.254 0.170 0.562 Synthetic 

Area

ACME-8 Acme Brick Company Acme- Elgin Plant (ELP/ENP) Elgin TX 27.7 13.0 0.154 40.9 Major

ACME-9 Acme Brick Company Acme- Eureka Plant (EBP) Clarksville AR 41.0 4.24 0.181 45.4 Major

ACME-12 Acme Brick Company Acme- Holly Springs Plant (HSP) Holly Springs MS 22.1 2.99 0.128 25.3 Major

ACME-14 Acme Brick Company Acme- Kanapolis Plant (KAP) Kanopolis KS 15.1 2.05 0.0875 17.3 Major

ACME-1 Acme Brick Company Acme- Ochs Brick Plant (AOP) Springfield MN 32.8 4.43 0.189 37.4 Major

ACME-18 Acme Brick Company Acme- Perla Plant (PEP/PWP) Malvern AR 30.5 5.23 0.265 36.0 Major

ACME-20 Acme Brick Company Acme- Texas Clay Plant (TCP) Malakoff TX 27.4 12.4 0.264 40.0 Major

ACME-21 Acme Brick Company Acme- Tulsa Plant (TUP) Tulsa OK 49.1 11.2 0.129 60.4 Major

ACME-23 Acme Brick Company Acme- Wheeler Plant (WTP) Jonesboro AR 18.4 2.48 0.106 21.0 Major

2 American Eagle Brick Co American Eagle Brick Co Sunland Park NM 8.91 1.20 0.0515 10.2 Major

BELD-1 Belden Brick Company Belden- Plant #2 Sugarcreek Sugarcreek OH 152 27.0 3.46 183 Major

BELD-2 Belden Brick Company Belden- Plant 1 Strasburg Strasburg OH 8.07 1.09 0.0467 9.21 Major

BORA-1 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Atlanta Plant Smyrna GA 13.8 0.927 0.319 15.1 Major

BORA-2 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Augusta Plant 6 Augusta GA 42.9 7.97 0.341 51.2 Major

BORA-4 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Bessemer Plant #5 Bessemer AL 62.9 8.50 0.364 71.8 Major

BORA-5 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Bessemer Plant #6 Bessemer AL 0.360 0.162 0.0173 0.539 Synthetic 

Area

BORA-6 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Gleason Plant Gleason TN 53.1 6.94 0.297 60.4 Major

BORA-7 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Henderson Facility Henderson TX 14.0 7.46 0.261 21.7 Major

BORA-13 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Muskogee Plant Muskogee OK 0.0182 0.409 0.250 0.677 Synthetic 

Area

BORA-14 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 3 Phenix City AL 35.6 7.79 0.303 43.7 Major

BORA-15 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 4 Phenix City AL 94.1 12.7 0.544 107 Major

BORA-17 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Salisbury Plant Salisbury NC 0.530 0.508 2.98 4.01 Synthetic 

Area
A-18

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name City State

Facility Emissions (tpy)

Current 

HF HCl Cl2 Status

Total 

HAP

BORA-18 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Terre Haute Plant Terre Haute IN 0.0195 1.55 0.277 1.85 Synthetic 

Area

181 Certainteed Corporation Certainteed Corporation- Ludowici New Lexington OH 20.4 2.75 0.118 23.3 Major

19 Cherokee Brick & Tile Co Cherokee Brick & Tile Macon GA 45.2 14.1 0.481 59.8 Major

34 Columbus Brick Co Columbus Brick Company Columbus MS 45.0 9.20 0.435 54.7 Major

134 Commercial Brick Corp Commercial Brick Corp Wewoka OK 96.4 13.0 0.557 110 Major

64 Continental Brick Co Continental Brick- Martinsburg Martinsburg WV 43.8 5.91 0.253 49.9 Major

83 Cunningham Brick 

Company, Inc

Cunningham- Cleveland Co Grover NC 23.8 3.22 0.138 27.1 Major

84 Cunningham Brick 

Company, Inc

Cunningham- Thomasville Thomasville NC 22.6 4.09 0.175 26.8 Major

153 Elgin-Butler Brick Co Elgin Butler Plant Elgin TX 8.02 1.08 0.0463 9.15 Major

23 Endicott Clay Products Co Endicott Clay Products Fairbury NE 56.3 9.51 0.407 66.2 Major

158 General Finance, Inc General Finance- Cloud Ceramics Concordia KS 1.24 0.259 0.0657 1.57 Synthetic 

Area

GENE-5 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale Brick-Plant 40 Coosa GA 16.0 11.3 0.209 27.5 Major

GENE-8 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale Brick-Plants 35 & 36 Blue Ridge 

(Roanoke)

VA 10.8 24.7 0.451 36.0 Major

GENE-9 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale Brick-Plants 6 & 28 Atkins (Marion) VA 21.7 6.54 0.272 28.5 Major

GENE-15 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale- Corbin-Plant 33 Woodbine KY 63.7 8.60 0.368 72.7 Major

GENE-11 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale- Moncure Facility Moncure NC 14.0 17.6 0.854 32.4 Major

GENE-12 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale Robinson Brick Co.-

Plant 2

Denver CO 3.31 5.35 0.218 8.88 Synthetic 

Area

GLEN-1 Glen Gery Glen-Gery Corporation-Bigler Bigler PA 84.9 11.5 0.491 96.9 Major

GLEN-2 Glen Gery Glen-Gery Corporation-Caledonia Caledonia OH 46.6 6.30 0.269 53.2 Major

GLEN-3 Glen Gery Glen-Gery Corporation - Capitol Manassas VA 43.8 5.91 0.253 49.9 Major

GLEN-8 Glen Gery Glen-Gery Corporation-Marseilles Marseilles IL 1.34 14.2 0.337 15.9 Major

GLEN-5 Glen Gery Glen-Gery Corporation-Redfield Redfield IA 28.7 3.87 0.166 32.7 Major

GLEN-10 Glen Gery Glen-Gery Corporation-York York PA 33.8 5.84 0.382 40.0 Major

HANS2 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Athens Athens TX 22.1 6.58 0.144 28.9 Major
A-19

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name City State

Facility Emissions (tpy)

Current 

HF HCl Cl2 Status

Total 

HAP

HANS13 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Columbia - Plant 2 Columbia SC 59.2 8.00 0.342 67.6 Major

HANS14 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Columbia - Plant 4 Columbia SC 3.79 1.51 0.242 5.55 Synthetic 

Area

HANS5 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Elgin Elgin TX 30.2 4.31 0.182 34.7 Major

HANS7 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Mineral Wells East Mineral Wells TX 20.9 2.83 0.121 23.9 Major

HANS9 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Ninety Six Ninety-Six SC 63.7 9.45 0.404 73.6 Major

HANS11 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Roseboro Roseboro NC 55.0 7.44 0.318 62.8 Major

HANS12 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Stanton Stanton KY 27.8 2.83 0.121 30.7 Major

145 Hebron Brick Company Hebron Brick Plant Hebron ND 25.2 3.40 0.145 28.7 Major

78 Henry Brick Company, Inc Henry Brick Selma AL 0.310 3.88 0.280 4.47 Synthetic 

Area

178NR International Chimney Corp Continental Clay- Kittanning Kittanning PA 5.90 0.797 0.0341 6.73 Synthetic 

Area

184 Ironrock Capital (formerly 

Metropolitan Ceramics, Inc.)

Ironrock Capital (formerly 

Metropolitan Ceramics, Inc.)

Canton OH 24.1 4.72 0.202 29.0 Major

35 Acme Brick Company Jenkins- Coosaada Plant Coosaada AL 49.8 6.73 0.288 56.8 Major

175NR Kansas Brick and Tile Co Kansas Brick and Tile Hoisington KS 15.7 2.12 0.0909 17.9 Major

104 Kasten Clay Products Co Kasten Clay Products Jackson MO 9.81 1.33 0.0567 11.2 Major

139 L.P. McNear Brick Co, Inc McNear Brickyard San Rafael CA 21.5 2.90 0.124 24.5 Major

135 Lee Brick and Tile Co Lee Brick Sanford Facility Sanford NC 85.5 14.3 0.668 100 Major

50 Marion Ceramics, Inc Marion Ceramics Pee Dee SC 8.21 1.11 0.0474 9.37 Major

42 McAvoy Brick Co McAvoy Brick Phoenixville PA 31.4 4.25 0.182 35.9 Major

MOHA-4 Mohawk Industries Dal-Tile, Fayette, Alabama Fayette AL 18.7 2.52 0.108 21.3 Major

MOHA-6 Mohawk Industries Dal-Tile, Lewisport, Kentucky Lewisport KY 13.3 0.556 0.0865 14.0 Major

87 Mutual Materials Co Mutual Materials-Mica Mica WA 25.2 3.40 0.145 28.7 Major

88 Mutual Materials Co Mutual Materials-Newcastle Renton WA 35.2 2.66 0.114 38.0 Major

68 Old Virginia Brick Co Old Virginia- Madison Heights Madison 

Heights

VA 22.1 2.99 0.128 25.2 Major

69 Old Virginia Brick Co Old Virginia-Salem Salem VA 29.9 4.04 0.173 34.1 Major

176NR Pacific Clay Products Pacific Clay Products- Lake Elsinore Lake Elsinore CA 26.9 3.64 0.156 30.7 Major
A-20

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name City State

Facility Emissions (tpy)

Current 

HF HCl Cl2 Status

Total 

HAP

137 Pine Hall Brick Co, Inc Pine Hall- Madison Plant Madison NC 86.4 16.2 0.864 103 Major

159 Ragland Clay Products, 

LLC

Ragland Clay Products Ragland AL 8.81 1.19 0.0509 10.0 Major

45 Richards Brick Co Richards Brick Edwardsville IL 24.2 3.27 0.140 27.6 Major

90 Sioux City Brick and Tile Co Sioux City- Adel Plant Adel IA 4.92 5.44 0.314 10.7 Synthetic 

Area

140 Sioux City Brick and Tile Co Sioux City- Sergeant Bluff Plant Sergeant Bluff IA 1.86 3.00 0.122 4.98 Synthetic 

Area

46 Statesville Brick Co Statesville Brick Statesville NC 38.7 7.21 0.308 46.2 Major

116 Summit Pressed Brick and 

Tile Co

Summit- Brick Plant and Storage 

Yard

Pueblo CO 17.7 2.39 0.102 20.2 Major

186 Summitville Tiles, Inc. Summitville Tiles, Inc.-Minerva Plant Minerva OH 12.0 1.62 0.0692 13.7 Major

49 Triangle Brick Triangle Brick- Merry Oaks Plant Moncure NC 1.41 3.29 0.517 5.22 Synthetic 

Area

TriWade Triangle Brick Triangle Brick- Wadesboro Plant Wadesboro NC 0.904 4.26 0.428 5.59 Synthetic 

Area

124 Watsontown Brick Co Watsontown Brick Watsontown PA 22.6 4.05 0.227 26.9 Major

Whit Whitacre Greer Whitacre Greer Alliance OH 24.7 2.91 0.123 27.7 Major

147 Yankee Hill Brick and Tile Yankee Hill Brick and Tile Lincoln NE 12.8 1.73 0.0742 14.6 Major
A-21

Table A-4. Potential Kiln Control and Estimated Emissions for Major Source Kilns

Kiln ID Current APCD

Potential Action to be 

Synthetic Area APCD Size

Kiln Emissions with Potential Control (tpy)

HF HCl Cl2 Total HAP

507 None Install DLA LCD 1.31 2.48 0.106 3.89

508 DIFF None LCD 1.50 9.48 0.00230 11.0

509 None Install DLA SCD 0.523 0.989 0.0423 1.55

510 None Install DLA SCD 1.00 0.989 0.0423 2.03

511 None Install DLA SCD 0.523 0.989 0.0423 1.55

512 None Install DLA SCD 1.11 2.09 0.0896 3.29

513 None Install DLA SCD 0.757 1.43 0.0613 2.25

500 None Install DLA SCD 0.819 1.55 0.0663 2.43

501 None Install DLA SCD 0.819 1.55 0.0663 2.43

515 None Install DLA SCD 1.27 1.72 0.102 3.09

516 None Install DLA SCD 0.259 1.95 0.0833 2.29

518 DLA None LCD 0.622 8.77 0.109 9.51

519/520 None Install DLA LCD 1.34 2.53 0.108 3.97

521 None Install DLA SCD 2.45 7.82 0.0902 10.4

522 None Install DLA SCD 0.919 1.74 0.0743 2.73

523 None Install DLA SCD 0.446 0.843 0.0360 1.32

526 DIFF None LCD 1.97 1.37 0.316 3.66

527 DIFF None LCD 4.64 0.737 0.0280 5.41

528/529/530 None Install DLA LCD 2.03 1.47 0.169 3.67

531/532/533 SD/ESP None LCD 89.7 21.9 2.78 114

534/535 None Install DLA SCD 0.763 0.656 0.0647 1.48

536 None Install DLA SCD 0.404 0.763 0.0327 1.20

537/538 DIFF None LCD 13.8 0.927 0.319 15.1

539 None Install DLA LCD 0.670 2.79 0.119 3.58

540 None Install DLA LCD 1.47 2.79 0.119 4.38

545 None Install DLA LCD 1.57 2.97 0.127 4.67

546 None Install DLA LCD 1.57 2.97 0.127 4.67

549 None Install DLA SCD 1.37 2.43 0.104 3.91
A-22

Kiln ID Current APCD

Potential Action to be 

Synthetic Area APCD Size

Kiln Emissions with Potential Control (tpy)

HF HCl Cl2 Total HAP

550 None Install DLA SCD 1.28 2.43 0.104 3.82

551/552 DLA None LCD 14.0 7.46 0.261 21.7

559 None Install DLA LCD 0.472 2.97 0.106 3.55

560 None Install DLA LCD 1.31 2.48 0.106 3.89

561 None Install DLA LCD 1.47 2.78 0.119 4.36

562 None Install DLA LCD 1.47 2.78 0.119 4.36

563 None Install DLA LCD 1.77 3.35 0.143 5.26

699 None Install DLA SCD 1.02 1.93 0.0825 3.03

575 None Install DLA SCD 0.718 1.36 0.0581 2.13

576 None Install DLA SCD 0.718 1.36 0.0581 2.13

577/578 DLA None LCD 16.5 10.2 0.315 27.0

581 None Install DLA SCD 1.04 1.96 0.0838 3.08

582 None Install DLA SCD 1.04 1.96 0.0838 3.08

583 DLA None LCD 3.62 3.60 0.196 7.42

584 None Install DLA LCD 1.61 3.04 0.130 4.78

585 None Install DLA LCD 1.61 3.04 0.130 4.78

586 None Install DLA LCD 1.61 3.04 0.130 4.78

587 None Install DLA SCD 1.09 2.07 0.0885 3.25

588 None Install DLA SCD 1.09 2.07 0.0885 3.25

590 None Install DLA SCD 1.19 2.25 0.0963 3.54

591 None Install DLA LCD 1.13 2.86 0.122 4.11

594 None Install DLA SCD 0.200 0.379 0.0162 0.596

595 None None SCD 4.01 0.542 0.0232 4.57

596 None Install DLA SCD 1.18 2.23 0.0954 3.51

597 None Install DLA SCD 1.18 2.23 0.0954 3.51

598 None Install DLA SCD 0.457 2.20 0.0939 2.75

599 DIFF None SCD 1.24 0.259 0.0657 1.57

605 DIFF None LCD 4.05 6.75 0.200 11.0

606 DIFF None LCD 11.9 4.55 0.00913 16.5
A-23

Kiln ID Current APCD

Potential Action to be 

Synthetic Area APCD Size

Kiln Emissions with Potential Control (tpy)

HF HCl Cl2 Total HAP

612/613 DLA None LCD 0.448 5.30 0.216 5.96

614 DLA None LCD 10.4 19.4 0.235 30.1

615 None Install DLA SCD 0.482 0.912 0.0390 1.43

616 None Install DLA SCD 0.482 0.912 0.0390 1.43

617 DLA None LCD 2.44 3.94 0.161 6.54

618 None Install DLA SCD 1.30 2.45 0.105 3.86

619 None Install DLA LCD 1.89 3.57 0.153 5.61

622/623 None Install DLA LCD 0.518 6.79 0.291 7.60

624 DLA None LCD 3.34 5.39 0.220 8.95

625 DLA None LCD 0.271 2.50 0.220 2.99

635 None Install DLA LCD 2.12 4.02 0.172 6.31

636 None Install DLA LCD 2.12 4.02 0.172 6.31

637 None Install DLA SCD 1.16 2.20 0.0943 3.46

638 None Install DLA SCD 1.16 2.20 0.0943 3.46

639 None Install DLA LCD 2.19 4.14 0.177 6.50

644 DLA None LCD 0.547 8.20 0.166 8.91

645 DLA None LCD 0.794 6.01 0.171 6.97

642 None Install DLA LCD 1.43 2.71 0.116 4.26

648 None Install DLA LCD 1.47 2.79 0.119 4.38

649 DLA None LCD 4.34 1.86 0.211 6.41

650 None Install DLA SCD 1.11 4.61 0.101 5.82

671 None Install DLA LCD 1.48 2.80 0.120 4.40

672 None Install DLA LCD 1.48 2.80 0.120 4.40

652 None Install DLA LCD 1.51 2.85 0.122 4.48

653 DLS/FF None LCD 0.0845 0.238 0.00809 0.330

656 None Install DLA SCD 1.05 1.98 0.0847 3.11

663 None Install DLA SCD 1.05 2.21 0.0944 3.35

664 None Install DLA SCD 1.17 2.21 0.0944 3.47

665 None Install DLA SCD 0.972 2.21 0.0944 3.27
A-24

Kiln ID Current APCD

Potential Action to be 

Synthetic Area APCD Size

Kiln Emissions with Potential Control (tpy)

HF HCl Cl2 Total HAP

667 None Install DLA LCD 1.38 2.60 0.111 4.09

668 None Install DLA LCD 1.38 2.60 0.111 4.09

669 None Install DLA SCD 1.39 1.98 0.0848 3.46

677 None Install DLA SCD 1.26 2.38 0.102 3.74

589 None None SCD 5.90 0.797 0.0341 6.73

704/705/706/707 None Install DLA LCD 1.20 3.30 0.141 4.65

684 None Install DLA SCD 1.24 2.35 0.101 3.70

685 None Install DLA SCD 1.24 2.35 0.101 3.70

689 None Install DLA SCD 0.786 1.49 0.0636 2.34

690 None Install DLA SCD 0.490 0.928 0.0397 1.46

703 None Install DLA SCD 1.07 2.03 0.0869 3.19

693 None Install DLA LCD 1.60 3.03 0.130 4.77

694 None Install DLA SCD 1.06 2.39 0.102 3.56

695 None Install DLA LCD 1.59 0.423 0.134 2.15

696 DLA None LCD 0.233 5.94 0.144 6.32

701 None Install DLA SCD 0.410 0.776 0.0332 1.22

702 None Install DLA LCD 1.57 2.97 0.127 4.67

592 None Install DLA SCD 0.466 0.882 0.0377 1.39

593 None Install DLA SCD 0.466 0.882 0.0377 1.39

178 None Install DLA SCD 0.304 0.125 0.0186 0.447

180 None None SCD 3.89 0.202 0.0300 4.13

179 None None SCD 3.35 0.176 0.0300 3.56

709 None Install DLA SCD 1.26 2.38 0.102 3.74

710 None Install DLA SCD 1.76 1.86 0.0798 3.70

711 None Install DLA SCD 1.11 2.09 0.0895 3.29

712 None Install DLA SCD 0.887 1.68 0.0718 2.64

713 None Install DLA SCD 0.609 1.15 0.0493 1.81

714 None Install DLA SCD 0.337 0.637 0.0272 1.00

715 None Install DLA SCD 0.337 0.637 0.0272 1.00
A-25

Kiln ID Current APCD

Potential Action to be 

Synthetic Area APCD Size

Kiln Emissions with Potential Control (tpy)

HF HCl Cl2 Total HAP

716 None Install DLA SCD 0.674 1.27 0.0545 2.00

727/728 None Install DLA LCD 2.50 4.73 0.202 7.43

729/730 DLA None LCD 2.46 1.36 0.284 4.10

731/732 None Install DLA LCD 1.70 5.64 0.204 7.54

735 None Install DLA SCD 0.440 0.833 0.0356 1.31

742 None Install DLA SCD 0.605 1.15 0.0490 1.80

743 None Install DLA SCD 0.605 1.15 0.0490 1.80

749 DLA None LCD 1.86 3.00 0.122 4.98

753 None Install DLA LCD 0.709 2.73 0.117 3.55

754 None Install DLA SCD 1.23 2.32 0.0991 3.64

758 None Install DLA SCD 0.884 1.67 0.0716 2.63

759 None None SCD 2.91 0.393 0.0168 3.32

760 None Install DLA SCD 0.162 0.307 0.0131 0.483

761 None Install DLA SCD 0.145 0.275 0.0118 0.432

762 None Install DLA SCD 0.145 0.275 0.0118 0.432

773 None Install DLA SCD 1.05 1.98 0.0847 3.11

774 DIFF None LCD 1.70 1.23 0.107 3.03

775 None Install DLA LCD 0.344 0.350 0.0138 0.707

776 None Install DLA SCD 0.891 1.69 0.0721 2.65

777 None Install DLA SCD 0.642 1.21 0.0519 1.91
A-26

Table A-5. Potential Facility Status and Cost Based on Installation of DLA for Current Major Sources

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name

Current 

Status

Facility Emissions with 

Potential Control (tpy) Status With 

Potential 

Control

Capital 

Cost

Annual 

HF HCl Cl2 Cost

Total 

HAP

ACME-8 Acme Brick Company Acme- Elgin Plant 

(ELP/ENP)

Major 2.81 12.0 0.108 14.9 Major $0 $0

ACME-9 Acme Brick Company Acme- Eureka Plant 

(EBP)

Major 2.05 2.97 0.127 5.14 Synthetic 

Area

$3,289,418 $930,108

ACME-12 Acme Brick Company Acme- Holly Springs 

Plant (HSP)

Major 1.11 2.09 0.0896 3.29 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

ACME-14 Acme Brick Company Acme- Kanapolis Plant 

(KAP)

Major 0.757 1.43 0.0613 2.25 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

ACME-1 Acme Brick Company Acme- Ochs Brick Plant 

(AOP)

Major 1.64 3.10 0.133 4.87 Synthetic 

Area

$2,192,945 $620,072

ACME-18 Acme Brick Company Acme- Perla Plant 

(PEP/PWP)

Major 1.53 3.66 0.186 5.37 Synthetic 

Area

$2,192,945 $620,072

ACME-20 Acme Brick Company Acme- Texas Clay Plant 

(TCP)

Major 1.96 11.3 0.217 13.5 Major $0 $0

ACME-21 Acme Brick Company Acme- Tulsa Plant (TUP) Major 2.45 7.82 0.0902 10.4 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

ACME-23 Acme Brick Company Acme- Wheeler Plant 

(WTP)

Major 0.919 1.74 0.0743 2.73 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

2 American Eagle Brick 

Co

American Eagle Brick Co Major 0.446 0.843 0.0360 1.32 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

BELD-1 Belden Brick 

Company

Belden- Plant #2 

Sugarcreek

Major 99.1 26.1 3.36 129 Major $0 $0

BELD-2 Belden Brick 

Company

Belden- Plant 1 Strasburg Major 0.404 0.763 0.0327 1.20 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

BORA-1 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Atlanta Plant Major 13.8 0.927 0.319 15.1 Major $0 $0

BORA-2 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Augusta Plant 6 Major 2.14 5.58 0.239 7.96 Synthetic 

Area

$2,979,095 $819,444

BORA-4 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Bessemer Plant #5 Major 3.14 5.95 0.254 9.35 Major $0 $0

BORA-6 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Gleason Plant Major 2.66 4.86 0.208 7.72 Synthetic 

Area

$2,192,945 $620,072
A-27

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name

Current 

Status

Facility Emissions with 

Potential Control (tpy) Status With 

Potential 

Control

Capital 

Cost

Annual 

HF HCl Cl2 Cost

Total 

HAP

BORA-7 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Henderson Facility Major 14.0 7.46 0.261 21.7 Major $0 $0

BORA-14 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 3 Major 1.78 5.45 0.212 7.44 Synthetic 

Area

$2,979,095 $819,444

BORA-15 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 4 Major 4.70 8.90 0.381 14.0 Major $0 $0

181 Certainteed 

Corporation

Certainteed CorporationLudowiciMajor 1.02 1.93 0.0825 3.03 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

19 Cherokee Brick & Tile 

Co

Cherokee Brick & Tile Major 17.9 12.9 0.431 31.3 Major $0 $0

34 Columbus Brick Co Columbus Brick 

Company

Major 5.69 7.52 0.363 13.6 Major $0 $0

134 Commercial Brick 

Corp

Commercial Brick Corp Major 4.82 9.12 0.390 14.3 Major $0 $0

64 Continental Brick Co Continental BrickMartinsburgMajor 2.19 4.14 0.177 6.50 Synthetic 

Area

$2,192,945 $620,072

83 Cunningham Brick 

Company, Inc

Cunningham- Cleveland

Co

Major 1.19 2.25 0.0963 3.54 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

84 Cunningham Brick 

Company, Inc

CunninghamThomasvilleMajor 1.13 2.86 0.122 4.11 Synthetic 

Area

$1,489,548 $409,722

153 Elgin-Butler Brick Co Elgin Butler Plant Major 4.21 0.921 0.0394 5.17 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

23 Endicott Clay Products 

Co

Endicott Clay Products Major 2.82 6.66 0.285 9.76 Major $0 $0

GENE-5 General Shale Brick, 

Inc

General Shale Brick-Plant 

40

Major 16.0 11.3 0.209 27.5 Major $0 $0

GENE-8 General Shale Brick, 

Inc

General Shale BrickPlants 35 & 36Major 10.8 24.7 0.451 36.0 Major $0 $0

GENE-9 General Shale Brick, 

Inc

General Shale BrickPlants 6 & 28Major 3.40 5.76 0.239 9.40 Major $0 $0

GENE-15 General Shale Brick, 

Inc

General Shale- CorbinPlant 33Major 3.18 6.02 0.258 9.46 Major $0 $0
A-28

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name

Current 

Status

Facility Emissions with 

Potential Control (tpy) Status With 

Potential 

Control

Capital 

Cost

Annual 

HF HCl Cl2 Cost

Total 

HAP

GENE-11 General Shale Brick, 

Inc

General Shale- Moncure 

Facility

Major 4.13 14.7 0.730 19.5 Major $0 $0

GLEN-1 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationBiglerMajor 4.25 8.03 0.344 12.6 Major $0 $0

GLEN-2 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationCaledoniaMajor 2.33 4.41 0.189 6.93 Synthetic 

Area

$2,192,945 $620,072

GLEN-3 Glen Gery Glen-Gery Corporation -

Capitol

Major 2.19 4.14 0.177 6.50 Synthetic 

Area

$1,489,548 $409,722

GLEN-8 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationMarseillesMajor 1.34 14.2 0.337 15.9 Major $0 $0

GLEN-5 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationRedfieldMajor 1.43 2.71 0.116 4.26 Synthetic 

Area

$1,489,548 $409,722

GLEN-10 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationYorkMajor 5.81 4.64 0.330 10.8 Synthetic

Area

$1,489,548 $409,722

HANS2 Hanson Brick East, 

LLC

Hanson- Athens Major 1.11 4.61 0.101 5.82 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

HANS13 Hanson Brick East, 

LLC

Hanson- Columbia - Plant 

2

Major 2.96 5.60 0.240 8.80 Major $0 $0

HANS5 Hanson Brick East, 

LLC

Hanson- Elgin Major 1.59 3.09 0.130 4.81 Synthetic 

Area

$1,489,548 $409,722

HANS7 Hanson Brick East, 

LLC

Hanson- Mineral Wells 

East

Major 1.05 1.98 0.0847 3.11 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

HANS9 Hanson Brick East, 

LLC

Hanson- Ninety Six Major 3.19 6.62 0.283 10.1 Major $0 $0

HANS11 Hanson Brick East, 

LLC

Hanson- Roseboro Major 2.75 5.21 0.223 8.18 Major $0 $0

HANS12 Hanson Brick East, 

LLC

Hanson- Stanton Major 1.39 1.98 0.0848 3.46 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

145 Hebron Brick 

Company

Hebron Brick Plant Major 1.26 2.38 0.102 3.74 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036
A-29

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name

Current 

Status

Facility Emissions with 

Potential Control (tpy) Status With 

Potential 

Control

Capital 

Cost

Annual 

HF HCl Cl2 Cost

Total 

HAP

184 Ironrock Capital 

(formerly Metropolitan 

Ceramics, Inc.)

Ironrock Capital (formerly 

Metropolitan Ceramics, 

Inc.)

Major 1.20 3.30 0.141 4.65 Synthetic 

Area

$1,489,548 $409,722

35 Acme Brick Company Jenkins- Coosaada Plant Major 2.49 4.71 0.201 7.40 Synthetic 

Area

$2,192,945 $620,072

175NR Kansas Brick and Tile 

Co

Kansas Brick and Tile Major 0.786 1.49 0.0636 2.34 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

104 Kasten Clay Products 

Co

Kasten Clay Products Major 0.490 0.928 0.0397 1.46 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

139 L.P. McNear Brick Co, 

Inc

McNear Brickyard Major 1.07 2.03 0.0869 3.19 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

135 Lee Brick and Tile Co Lee Brick Sanford Facility Major 4.50 11.8 0.511 16.8 Major $0 $0

50 Marion Ceramics, Inc Marion Ceramics Major 0.410 0.776 0.0332 1.22 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

42 McAvoy Brick Co McAvoy Brick Major 1.57 2.97 0.127 4.67 Synthetic 

Area

$1,489,548 $409,722

MOHA-4 Mohawk Industries Dal-Tile, Fayette, 

Alabama

Major 0.933 1.76 0.0755 2.77 Synthetic 

Area

$2,192,945 $620,072

MOHA-6 Mohawk Industries Dal-Tile, Lewisport, 

Kentucky

Major 7.55 0.503 0.0785 8.13 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

87 Mutual Materials Co Mutual Materials-Mica Major 1.26 2.38 0.102 3.74 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

88 Mutual Materials Co Mutual MaterialsNewcastleMajor 1.76 1.86 0.0798 3.70 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

68 Old Virginia Brick Co Old Virginia- Madison 

Heights

Major 1.11 2.09 0.0895 3.29 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

69 Old Virginia Brick Co Old Virginia-Salem Major 1.50 2.83 0.121 4.45 Synthetic 

Area

$2,192,945 $620,072

176NR Pacific Clay Products Pacific Clay ProductsLake ElsinoreMajor 1.35 2.55 0.109 4.00 Synthetic 

Area

$3,289,418 $930,108

137 Pine Hall Brick Co, Inc Pine Hall- Madison Plant Major 6.65 11.7 0.690 19.1 Major $0 $0
A-30

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name

Current 

Status

Facility Emissions with 

Potential Control (tpy) Status With 

Potential 

Control

Capital 

Cost

Annual 

HF HCl Cl2 Cost

Total 

HAP

159 Ragland Clay 

Products, LLC

Ragland Clay Products Major 0.440 0.833 0.0356 1.31 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

45 Richards Brick Co Richards Brick Major 1.21 2.29 0.0980 3.60 Synthetic 

Area

$2,192,945 $620,072

46 Statesville Brick Co Statesville Brick Major 1.93 5.04 0.216 7.19 Synthetic 

Area

$2,586,020 $719,758

116 Summit Pressed Brick 

and Tile Co

Summit- Brick Plant and 

Storage Yard

Major 0.884 1.67 0.0716 2.63 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

186 Summitville Tiles, Inc. Summitville Tiles, Inc.-

Minerva Plant

Major 3.36 1.25 0.0535 4.67 Synthetic 

Area

$3,289,418 $930,108

124 Watsontown Brick Co Watsontown Brick Major 2.75 3.20 0.191 6.14 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036

Whit Whitacre Greer Whitacre Greer Major 1.23 2.04 0.0858 3.36 Synthetic 

Area

$2,586,020 $719,758

147 Yankee Hill Brick and 

Tile

Yankee Hill Brick and Tile Major 0.642 1.21 0.0519 1.91 Synthetic 

Area

$1,096,473 $310,036
Appendix B

Cost and Emission Reduction Estimates for Meeting Health-Based Standards
B-1

Table B-1. Acid Gas Emissions and Calculated HCl-Equivalent Emissions for Major Source Kilnsa

Kiln

ID

Facility

ID Facility Name

Kiln Design 

Capacity

(tph) APCD

HF 

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

HCl 

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

Cl2

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

Total HClEquivalent 

(lb/hr)b

507 ACME-8 Acme- Elgin Plant (ELP/ENP) 10.00 None 5.96 0.808 0.0346 13.9

508 ACME-8 Acme- Elgin Plant (ELP/ENP) 19.10 DIFF 0.268 1.83 0.000401 2.27

509 ACME-9 Acme- Eureka Plant (EBP) 3.99 None 4.21 0.323 0.0138 8.18

510 ACME-9 Acme- Eureka Plant (EBP) 3.99 None 4.21 0.323 0.0138 8.18

511 ACME-9 Acme- Eureka Plant (EBP) 3.99 None 4.21 0.323 0.0138 8.18

512 ACME-12 Acme- Holly Springs Plant (HSP) 8.45 None 5.03 0.683 0.0292 11.8

513 ACME-14 Acme- Kanapolis Plant (KAP) 5.78 None 3.44 0.467 0.0200 8.05

500 ACME-1 Acme- Ochs Brick Plant (AOP) 6.25 None 3.72 0.505 0.0216 8.71

501 ACME-1 Acme- Ochs Brick Plant (AOP) 6.25 None 3.72 0.505 0.0216 8.71

515 ACME-18 Acme- Perla Plant (PEP/PWP) 9.66 None 0.983 0.310 0.0334 6.17

516 ACME-18 Acme- Perla Plant (PEP/PWP) 7.86 None 0.983 0.527 0.0272 5.56

518 ACME-20 Acme- Texas Clay Plant (TCP) 10.20 DLA 0.142 2.00 0.0249 5.53

519 ACME-20 Acme- Texas Clay Plant (TCP) 5.10 None 3.04 0.412 0.0176 7.10

520 ACME-20 Acme- Texas Clay Plant (TCP) 5.10 None 3.04 0.412 0.0176 7.10

521 ACME-21 Acme- Tulsa Plant (TUP) 8.51 None 11.2 2.55 0.0294 22.5

522 ACME-23 Acme- Wheeler Plant (WTP) 7.01 None 4.18 0.567 0.0242 9.76

523 2 American Eagle Brick Co 3.40 None 2.03 0.275 0.0118 4.74

526 BELD-1 Belden- Plant #2 Sugarcreek 10.65 DIFF 0.344 0.191 0.0551 8.03

527 BELD-1 Belden- Plant #3 Sugarcreek 13.70 DIFF 0.707 0.0960 0.00332 1.55

528 BELD-1 Belden- Plant #6 Sugarcreek 5.32 None 2.97 0.143 0.0184 6.83

529 BELD-1 Belden- Plant #6 Sugarcreek 5.32 None 2.97 0.143 0.0184 6.83

530 BELD-1 Belden- Plant #6 Sugarcreek 5.32 None 1.03 0.0632 0.0184 3.99

531 BELD-1 Belden- Plant #8 Sugarcreek 7.77 SD/ESP 4.49 1.09 0.139 26.0

532 BELD-1 Belden- Plant #8 Sugarcreek 7.77 SD/ESP 5.12 1.25 0.159 29.7

533 BELD-1 Belden- Plant #8 Sugarcreek 7.77 SD/ESP 5.12 1.25 0.159 29.7

534 BELD-1 Belden- Plant #9 Sugarcreek 3.05 None 1.41 0.0867 0.0105 3.51
B-2

Kiln

ID

Facility

ID Facility Name

Kiln Design 

Capacity

(tph) APCD

HF 

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

HCl 

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

Cl2

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

Total HClEquivalent 

(lb/hr)b

535 BELD-1 Belden- Plant #9 Sugarcreek 3.05 None 1.41 0.0867 0.0105 3.51

536 BELD-2 Belden- Plant 1 Strasburg 3.08 None 1.83 0.249 0.0107 4.29

537 BORA-1 Boral- Atlanta Plant 14.97 DIFF 0.548 0.0417 0.0364 5.68

538 BORA-1 Boral- Atlanta Plant 14.97 DIFF 1.85 0.119 0.0364 7.62

539 BORA-2 Boral- Augusta Plant 6 11.25 None 2.54 0.909 0.0389 9.73

540 BORA-2 Boral- Augusta Plant 6 11.25 None 2.54 0.909 0.0389 9.73

545 BORA-4 Boral- Bessemer Plant #5 12.00 None 7.15 0.970 0.0415 16.7

546 BORA-4 Boral- Bessemer Plant #5 12.00 None 7.15 0.970 0.0415 16.7

549 BORA-6 Boral- Gleason Plant 9.80 None 3.77 0.792 0.0339 10.7

550 BORA-6 Boral- Gleason Plant 9.80 None 3.77 0.792 0.0339 10.7

551 BORA-7 Boral- Henderson Facility 11.33 DLA 1.45 0.789 0.0275 6.53

552 BORA-7 Boral- Henderson Facility 11.33 DLA 1.45 0.789 0.0275 6.53

559 BORA-14 Boral- Phenix City-Plant 3 10.00 None 2.77 1.25 0.0346 9.81

560 BORA-14 Boral- Phenix City-Plant 3 10.00 None 2.77 1.25 0.0346 9.81

561 BORA-15 Boral- Phenix City-Plant 4 13.50 None 8.04 1.09 0.0467 18.8

562 BORA-15 Boral- Phenix City-Plant 4 11.20 None 6.67 0.905 0.0387 15.6

563 BORA-15 Boral- Phenix City-Plant 4 11.20 None 6.67 0.905 0.0387 15.6

699 181 Certainteed Corporation- Ludowici 7.78 None 4.63 0.629 0.0269 10.8

575 19 Cherokee Brick & Tile 5.48 None 3.26 0.443 0.0190 7.63

576 19 Cherokee Brick & Tile 5.48 None 3.26 0.443 0.0190 7.63

577 19 Cherokee Brick & Tile 14.74 DLA 1.98 1.27 0.0360 8.89

578 19 Cherokee Brick & Tile 14.74 DLA 2.07 1.24 0.0360 8.99

581 34 Columbus Brick Company 7.90 None 4.71 0.639 0.0273 11.0

582 34 Columbus Brick Company 7.90 None 4.71 0.639 0.0273 11.0

583 34 Columbus Brick Company 18.30 DLA 0.610 0.607 0.0447 7.43

584 134 Commercial Brick Corp 12.26 None 7.30 0.991 0.0424 17.1

585 134 Commercial Brick Corp 12.26 None 7.30 0.991 0.0424 17.1

586 134 Commercial Brick Corp 12.26 None 7.30 0.991 0.0424 17.1

587 64 Continental Brick- Martinsburg 8.35 None 4.97 0.675 0.0289 11.6
B-3

Kiln

ID

Facility

ID Facility Name

Kiln Design 

Capacity

(tph) APCD

HF 

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

HCl 

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

Cl2

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

Total HClEquivalent 

(lb/hr)b

588 64 Continental Brick- Martinsburg 8.35 None 4.97 0.675 0.0289 11.6

590 83 Cunningham- Cleveland Co 9.08 None 5.41 0.734 0.0314 12.6

591 84 Cunningham- Thomasville 11.55 None 4.28 0.934 0.0399 12.4

592 MOHA-4 Dal-Tile, Fayette, Alabama 3.56 None 2.12 0.288 0.0123 4.96

593 MOHA-4 Dal-Tile, Fayette, Alabama 3.56 None 2.12 0.288 0.0123 4.96

178 MOHA-6 Dal-Tile, Lewisport, Kentucky 1.75 None 1.66 0.0487 0.00605 3.22

179 MOHA-6 Dal-Tile, Lewisport, Kentucky 1.98 None 0.699 0.0368 0.00685 1.95

180 MOHA-6 Dal-Tile, Lewisport, Kentucky 1.98 None 0.844 0.0437 0.00685 2.16

594 153 Elgin Butler Plant 1.53 None 0.911 0.124 0.00529 2.13

595 153 Elgin Butler Plant 1.53 None 0.911 0.124 0.00529 2.13

596 23 Endicott Clay Products 9.00 None 5.36 0.728 0.0311 12.5

597 23 Endicott Clay Products 9.00 None 5.36 0.728 0.0311 12.5

598 23 Endicott Clay Products 8.86 None 1.40 0.716 0.0306 6.79

605 GENE-5 General Shale Brick-Plant 40 18.75 DIFF 0.810 1.40 0.00187 2.80

606 GENE-5 General Shale Brick-Plant 40 18.75 DIFF 2.69 0.916 0.00187 5.00

612 GENE-8 General Shale Brick-Plants 35 & 36 10.10 DLA 0.0375 0.605 0.0247 3.95

613 GENE-8 General Shale Brick-Plants 35 & 36 10.10 DLA 0.0375 0.605 0.0247 3.95

614 GENE-8 General Shale Brick-Plants 35 & 36 22.00 DLA 1.85 3.42 0.0537 13.2

615 GENE-9 General Shale Brick-Plants 6 & 28 3.68 None 2.19 0.297 0.0127 5.13

616 GENE-9 General Shale Brick-Plants 6 & 28 3.68 None 2.19 0.297 0.0127 5.13

617 GENE-9 General Shale Brick-Plants 6 & 28 15.02 DLA 0.557 0.899 0.0367 6.58

618 GENE-15 General Shale- Corbin-Plant 33 9.90 None 5.90 0.800 0.0342 13.8

619 GENE-15 General Shale- Corbin-Plant 33 14.40 None 8.58 1.16 0.0498 20.1

622 GENE-11 General Shale- Moncure Facility 13.70 None 0.982 1.11 0.0474 8.83

623 GENE-11 General Shale- Moncure Facility 13.70 None 0.982 1.11 0.0474 8.83

624 GENE-11 General Shale- Moncure Facility 20.55 DLA 0.0600 0.553 0.0502 7.33

625 GENE-11 General Shale- Moncure Facility 20.55 DLA 0.0600 0.553 0.0502 7.33

635 GLEN-1 Glen-Gery Corporation-Bigler 16.20 None 9.65 1.31 0.0560 22.6

636 GLEN-1 Glen-Gery Corporation-Bigler 16.20 None 9.65 1.31 0.0560 22.6
B-4

Kiln

ID

Facility

ID Facility Name

Kiln Design 

Capacity

(tph) APCD

HF 

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

HCl 

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

Cl2

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

Total HClEquivalent 

(lb/hr)b

637 GLEN-2 Glen-Gery Corporation-Caledonia 8.89 None 5.30 0.719 0.0307 12.4

638 GLEN-2 Glen-Gery Corporation-Caledonia 8.89 None 5.30 0.719 0.0307 12.4

639 GLEN-3 Glen-Gery Corporation-Capitol 16.70 None 9.95 1.35 0.0577 23.3

644 GLEN-8 Glen-Gery Corporation-Marseilles 15.54 DLA 0.120 1.80 0.0379 7.03

645 GLEN-8 Glen-Gery Corporation-Marseilles 15.96 DLA 0.181 1.36 0.0390 6.81

642 GLEN-5 Glen-Gery Corporation-Redfield 10.94 None 6.52 0.884 0.0378 15.2

648 GLEN-10 Glen-Gery Corporation-York 11.24 None 6.69 0.909 0.0389 15.7

649 GLEN-10 Glen-Gery Corporation-York 19.76 DLA 0.599 0.257 0.0482 7.54

650 HANS2 Hanson- Athens 9.53 None 5.25 1.56 0.0330 13.5

671 HANS13 Hanson- Columbia - Plant 2 11.30 None 6.73 0.914 0.0391 15.7

672 HANS13 Hanson- Columbia - Plant 2 11.30 None 6.73 0.914 0.0391 15.7

652 HANS5 Hanson- Elgin 11.50 None 0.0176 0.0429 0.0398 5.37

653 HANS5 Hanson- Elgin 12.20 DLS/FF 0.00550 0.0260 0.0297 3.99

656 HANS7 Hanson- Mineral Wells East 7.99 None 4.76 0.646 0.0276 11.1

663 HANS9 Hanson- Ninety Six 8.90 None 4.15 0.719 0.0308 10.7

664 HANS9 Hanson- Ninety Six 8.90 None 4.39 0.719 0.0308 11.1

665 HANS9 Hanson- Ninety Six 8.90 None 4.39 0.719 0.0308 11.1

667 HANS11 Hanson- Roseboro 10.50 None 6.25 0.849 0.0363 14.6

668 HANS11 Hanson- Roseboro 10.50 None 6.25 0.849 0.0363 14.6

669 HANS12 Hanson- Stanton 8.00 None 5.99 0.647 0.0277 12.9

677 145 Hebron Brick Plant 9.60 None 0.0300 0.776 0.0332 5.25

704 184 Ironrock Capital (formerly Metropolitan 

Ceramics, Inc.)

3.33 None 0.861 0.269 0.0115 3.03

705 184 Ironrock Capital (formerly Metropolitan 

Ceramics, Inc.)

3.33 None 0.861 0.269 0.0115 3.03

706 184 Ironrock Capital (formerly Metropolitan 

Ceramics, Inc.)

3.33 None 1.43 0.269 0.0115 3.84

707 184 Ironrock Capital (formerly Metropolitan 

Ceramics, Inc.)

3.33 None 1.05 0.269 0.0115 3.30

684 35 Jenkins- Coosaada Plant 9.50 None 11.3 1.54 0.0657 26.5
B-5

Kiln

ID

Facility

ID Facility Name

Kiln Design 

Capacity

(tph) APCD

HF 

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

HCl 

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

Cl2

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

Total HClEquivalent 

(lb/hr)b

685 35 Jenkins- Coosaada Plant 9.50 None 11.3 1.54 0.0657 26.5

689 175NR Kansas Brick and Tile 6.00 None 3.57 0.485 0.0207 8.36

690 104 Kasten Clay Products 3.74 None 2.23 0.303 0.0129 5.21

693 135 Lee Brick Sanford Facility 12.24 None 7.29 0.989 0.0423 17.0

694 135 Lee Brick Sanford Facility 9.64 None 3.93 0.779 0.0333 10.8

695 135 Lee Brick Sanford Facility 12.67 None 5.80 0.110 0.0438 14.2

696 135 Lee Brick Sanford Facility 13.50 DLA 0.0433 1.10 0.0330 5.56

701 50 Marion Ceramics 3.13 None 1.87 0.253 0.0108 4.36

702 42 McAvoy Brick 12.00 None 7.15 0.970 0.0415 16.7

703 139 McNear Brickyard 8.20 None 4.88 0.663 0.0284 11.4

709 87 Mutual Materials-Mica 9.60 None 5.72 0.776 0.0332 13.4

710 88 Mutual Materials-Newcastle 7.52 None 6.67 0.608 0.0260 13.6

711 68 Old Virginia- Madison Heights 8.44 None 5.03 0.682 0.0292 11.8

712 69 Old Virginia-Salem 6.77 None 4.03 0.547 0.0234 9.43

713 69 Old Virginia-Salem 4.65 None 2.77 0.376 0.0161 6.48

714 176NR Pacific Clay Products- Lake Elsinore 2.57 None 1.53 0.208 0.00889 3.58

715 176NR Pacific Clay Products- Lake Elsinore 2.57 None 1.53 0.208 0.00889 3.58

716 176NR Pacific Clay Products- Lake Elsinore 5.14 None 3.06 0.416 0.0178 7.16

727 137 Pine Hall- Madison Plant 9.54 None 5.68 0.771 0.0330 13.3

728 137 Pine Hall- Madison Plant 9.54 None 5.68 0.771 0.0330 13.3

729 137 Pine Hall- Madison Plant 13.30 DLA 0.285 0.138 0.0325 4.87

730 137 Pine Hall- Madison Plant 13.30 DLA 0.239 0.153 0.0325 4.82

731 137 Pine Hall- Madison Plant 9.60 None 3.19 0.760 0.0332 9.75

732 137 Pine Hall- Madison Plant 9.60 None 3.19 0.760 0.0332 9.75

735 159 Ragland Clay Products 3.36 None 2.00 0.272 0.0116 4.68

742 45 Richards Brick 4.62 None 2.75 0.373 0.0160 6.43

743 45 Richards Brick 4.62 None 2.75 0.373 0.0160 6.43

753 46 Statesville Brick 11.00 None 2.89 0.889 0.0380 10.1

754 46 Statesville Brick 9.35 None 5.57 0.756 0.0323 13.0
B-6

Kiln

ID

Facility

ID Facility Name

Kiln Design 

Capacity

(tph) APCD

HF 

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

HCl 

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

Cl2

Emissions 

(lb/hr)

Total HClEquivalent 

(lb/hr)b

758 116 Summit- Brick Plant and Storage Yard 6.75 None 4.02 0.546 0.0233 9.40

759 186 Summitville Tiles, Inc.-Minerva Plant 1.11 None 0.661 0.0897 0.00384 1.55

760 186 Summitville Tiles, Inc.-Minerva Plant 1.24 None 0.739 0.100 0.00429 1.73

761 186 Summitville Tiles, Inc.-Minerva Plant 1.11 None 0.661 0.0897 0.00384 1.55

762 186 Summitville Tiles, Inc.-Minerva Plant 1.11 None 0.661 0.0897 0.00384 1.55

773 124 Watsontown Brick 7.98 None 4.76 0.645 0.0276 11.1

774 124 Watsontown Brick 10.00 DIFF 0.389 0.280 0.0243 4.08

775 Whit Whitacre Greer 11.90 None 7.09 0.962 0.0412 16.6

776 Whit Whitacre Greer 6.80 None 4.05 0.550 0.0235 9.47

777 147 Yankee Hill Brick and Tile 4.90 None 2.92 0.396 0.0169 6.82

a Values in plain font are lb/hr emissions from test data. Values in bold italic underlined font were calculated by multiplying emission factors by APCD and the kiln 

design capacity.

b HCl-equivalent emissions calculated using the equation in Section IV of this memorandum.
B-7

Table B-2. Total Facility HCl-Equivalent Emissions

Facility ID Company Name Facility Name City State

Total HClEquivalent (lb/hr)

ACME-8 Acme Brick Company Acme- Elgin Plant (ELP/ENP) Elgin TX 16.2

ACME-9 Acme Brick Company Acme- Eureka Plant (EBP) Clarksville AR 24.5

ACME-12 Acme Brick Company Acme- Holly Springs Plant (HSP) Holly Springs MS 11.8

ACME-14 Acme Brick Company Acme- Kanapolis Plant (KAP) Kanopolis KS 8.05

ACME-1 Acme Brick Company Acme- Ochs Brick Plant (AOP) Springfield MN 17.4

ACME-18 Acme Brick Company Acme- Perla Plant (PEP/PWP) Malvern AR 11.7

ACME-20 Acme Brick Company Acme- Texas Clay Plant (TCP) Malakoff TX 19.7

ACME-21 Acme Brick Company Acme- Tulsa Plant (TUP) Tulsa OK 22.5

ACME-23 Acme Brick Company Acme- Wheeler Plant (WTP) Jonesboro AR 9.76

2 American Eagle Brick Co American Eagle Brick Co Sunland Park NM 4.74

BELD-1 Belden Brick Company Belden- Sugarcreek Sugarcreek OH 120

BELD-2 Belden Brick Company Belden- Plant 1 Strasburg Strasburg OH 4.29

BORA-1 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Atlanta Plant Smyrna GA 13.3

BORA-2 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Augusta Plant 6 Augusta GA 19.5

BORA-4 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Bessemer Plant #5 Bessemer AL 33.4

BORA-6 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Gleason Plant Gleason TN 21.4

BORA-7 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Henderson Facility Henderson TX 13.1

BORA-14 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 3 Phenix City AL 19.6

BORA-15 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 4 Phenix City AL 50.0

181 Certainteed Corporation Certainteed Corporation- Ludowici New Lexington OH 10.8

19 Cherokee Brick & Tile Co Cherokee Brick & Tile Macon GA 33.2

34 Columbus Brick Co Columbus Brick Company Columbus MS 29.4

134 Commercial Brick Corp Commercial Brick Corp Wewoka OK 51.2

64 Continental Brick Co Continental Brick- Martinsburg Martinsburg WV 23.3

83 Cunningham Brick Company, Inc Cunningham- Cleveland Co Grover NC 12.6

84 Cunningham Brick Company, Inc Cunningham- Thomasville Thomasville NC 12.4

MOHA-4 Mohawk Industries Dal-Tile, Fayette, Alabama Fayette AL 9.92

MOHA-6 Mohawk Industries Dal-Tile, Lewisport, Kentucky Lewisport KY 7.33
B-8

Facility ID Company Name Facility Name City State

Total HClEquivalent (lb/hr)

153 Elgin-Butler Brick Co Elgin Butler Plant Elgin TX 4.26

23 Endicott Clay Products Co Endicott Clay Products Fairbury NE 31.9

GENE-5 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale Brick-Plant 40 Coosa GA 7.80

GENE-8 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale Brick-Plants 35 & 36 Blue Ridge (Roanoke) VA 21.1

GENE-9 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale Brick-Plants 6 & 28 Atkins (Marion) VA 16.8

GENE-15 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale- Corbin-Plant 33 Woodbine KY 33.8

GENE-11 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale- Moncure Facility Moncure NC 32.3

GLEN-1 Glen Gery Glen-Gery Corporation-Bigler Bigler PA 45.1

GLEN-2 Glen Gery Glen-Gery Corporation-Caledonia Caledonia OH 24.8

GLEN-3 Glen Gery Glen-Gery Corporation-Capitol Manassas VA 23.3

GLEN-8 Glen Gery Glen-Gery Corporation-Marseilles Marseilles IL 13.8

GLEN-5 Glen Gery Glen-Gery Corporation-Redfield Redfield IA 15.2

GLEN-10 Glen Gery Glen-Gery Corporation-York York PA 23.2

HANS2 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Athens Athens TX 13.5

HANS13 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Columbia - Plant 2 Columbia SC 31.5

HANS5 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Elgin Elgin TX 9.36

HANS7 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Mineral Wells East Mineral Wells TX 11.1

HANS9 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Ninety Six Ninety-Six SC 32.9

HANS11 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Roseboro Roseboro NC 29.2

HANS12 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Stanton Stanton KY 12.9

145 Hebron Brick Company Hebron Brick Plant Hebron ND 5.25

184 Ironrock Capital (formerly 

Metropolitan Ceramics, Inc.)

Ironrock Capital (formerly Metropolitan 

Ceramics, Inc.)

Canton OH 13.2

35 Acme Brick Company Jenkins- Coosaada Plant Coosaada AL 52.9

175NR Kansas Brick and Tile Co Kansas Brick and Tile Hoisington KS 8.36

104 Kasten Clay Products Co Kasten Clay Products Jackson MO 5.21

135 Lee Brick and Tile Co Lee Brick Sanford Facility Sanford NC 47.7

50 Marion Ceramics, Inc Marion Ceramics Pee Dee SC 4.36

42 McAvoy Brick Co McAvoy Brick Phoenixville PA 16.7

139 L.P. McNear Brick Co, Inc McNear Brickyard San Rafael CA 11.4
B-9

Facility ID Company Name Facility Name City State

Total HClEquivalent (lb/hr)

87 Mutual Materials Co Mutual Materials-Mica Mica WA 13.4

88 Mutual Materials Co Mutual Materials-Newcastle Renton WA 13.6

68 Old Virginia Brick Co Old Virginia- Madison Heights Madison Heights VA 11.8

69 Old Virginia Brick Co Old Virginia-Salem Salem VA 15.9

176NR Pacific Clay Products Pacific Clay Products- Lake Elsinore Lake Elsinore CA 14.3

137 Pine Hall Brick Co, Inc Pine Hall- Madison Plant Madison NC 55.8

159 Ragland Clay Products, LLC Ragland Clay Products Ragland AL 4.68

45 Richards Brick Co Richards Brick Edwardsville IL 12.9

46 Statesville Brick Co Statesville Brick Statesville NC 23.1

116 Summit Pressed Brick and Tile Co Summit- Brick Plant and Storage Yard Pueblo CO 9.40

186 Summitville Tiles, Inc. Summitville Tiles, Inc.-Minerva Plant Minerva OH 6.37

124 Watsontown Brick Co Watsontown Brick Watsontown PA 15.2

Whit Whitacre Greer Whitacre Greer Alliance OH 26.0

147 Yankee Hill Brick and Tile Yankee Hill Brick and Tile Lincoln NE 6.82
Appendix C

Estimate of Non-Hg HAP Metals Emissions (lb/hr) by Kiln
C-1

Table C-1. Estimate of Non-Hg HAP Metals Emissions by Kiln

Kiln ID

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name City State

Kiln 

Design 

Capacity APCD

Average 

PM 

(lb/ton)

Average 

PM 

(lb/hr)

Average 

non-Hg 

HAP 

metals 

(lb/hr)

507 ACME-8 Acme Brick Company Acme- Elgin Plant 

(ELP/ENP)

Elgin TX 10.00 None 0.324 a 3.24 b 0.0356 c

508 ACME-8 Acme Brick Company Acme- Elgin Plant 

(ELP/ENP)

Elgin TX 19.10 DIFF 0.0100 0.161 0.00271

509 ACME-9 Acme Brick Company Acme- Eureka Plant (EBP) Clarksville AR 3.99 None 0.324 a 1.29 b 0.0142 c

510 ACME-9 Acme Brick Company Acme- Eureka Plant (EBP) Clarksville AR 3.99 None 0.324 a 1.29 b 0.0142 c

511 ACME-9 Acme Brick Company Acme- Eureka Plant (EBP) Clarksville AR 3.99 None 0.324 a 1.29 b 0.0142 c

512 ACME-12 Acme Brick Company Acme- Holly Springs Plant 

(HSP)

Holly

Springs

MS 8.45 None 0.324 a 2.74 b 0.0301 c

513 ACME-14 Acme Brick Company Acme- Kanapolis Plant 

(KAP)

Kanopolis KS 5.78 None 0.324 a 1.87 b 0.0206 c

500 ACME-1 Acme Brick Company Acme- Ochs Brick Plant 

(AOP)

Springfield MN 6.25 None 0.324 a 2.02 b 0.0223 c

501 ACME-1 Acme Brick Company Acme- Ochs Brick Plant 

(AOP)

Springfield MN 6.25 None 0.324 a 2.02 b 0.0223 c

515 ACME-18 Acme Brick Company Acme- Perla Plant 

(PEP/PWP)

Malvern AR 9.66 None 0.292 d 2.82 b 0.0310 c

516 ACME-18 Acme Brick Company Acme- Perla Plant 

(PEP/PWP)

Malvern AR 7.86 None 0.292 1.90 0.0209 e

518 ACME-20 Acme Brick Company Acme- Texas Clay Plant 

(TCP)

Malakoff TX 10.20 DLA 0.106 1.08 0.0119 e

519/520 ACME-20 Acme Brick Company Acme- Texas Clay Plant 

(TCP)

Malakoff TX 10.20 None 0.324 a 3.30 b 0.0363 c

521 ACME-21 Acme Brick Company Acme- Tulsa Plant (TUP) Tulsa OK 8.51 None 0.231 1.97 0.0216 e

522 ACME-23 Acme Brick Company Acme- Wheeler Plant 

(WTP)

Jonesboro AR 7.01 None 0.324 a 2.27 b 0.0250 c

523 2 American Eagle Brick

Co

American Eagle Brick Co Sunland 

Park

NM 3.40 None 0.324 a 1.10 b 0.0121 c
C-2

Kiln ID

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name City State

Kiln 

Design 

Capacity APCD

Average 

PM 

(lb/ton)

Average 

PM 

(lb/hr)

Average 

non-Hg 

HAP 

metals 

(lb/hr)

526 BELD-1 Belden Brick Company Belden- Plant #2 

Sugarcreek

Sugarcreek OH 10.65 DIFF 0.0697 0.519 0.00115

527 BELD-1 Belden Brick Company Belden- Plant #3 

Sugarcreek

Sugarcreek OH 13.70 DIFF 0.0770 0.649 0.00372

528/529/

530

BELD-1 Belden Brick Company Belden- Plant #6 

Sugarcreek

Sugarcreek OH 15.96 None 0.391 4.02 0.0443 e

531/532/

533

BELD-1 Belden Brick Company Belden- Plant #8 

Sugarcreek

Sugarcreek OH 23.31 SD/ESP 0.111 2.23 0.0246 e

534/535 BELD-1 Belden Brick Company Belden- Plant #9 

Sugarcreek

Sugarcreek OH 6.10 None 0.664 3.28 0.0361 e

536 BELD-2 Belden Brick Company Belden- Plant 1 Strasburg Strasburg OH 3.08 None 0.324 a 0.997 b 0.0110 c

537/538 BORA-1 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Atlanta Plant Smyrna GA 29.94 DIFF 0.00868 0.204 0.00224 e

539 BORA-2 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Augusta Plant 6 Augusta GA 11.25 None 0.282 2.63 0.0289 e

540 BORA-2 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Augusta Plant 6 Augusta GA 11.25 None 0.282 d 2.63 0.0289 e

545 BORA-4 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Bessemer Plant #5 Bessemer AL 12.00 None 0.324 a 3.89 b 0.0427 c

546 BORA-4 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Bessemer Plant #5 Bessemer AL 12.00 None 0.324 a 3.89 b 0.0427 c

549 BORA-6 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Gleason Plant Gleason TN 9.80 None 0.0196 0.116 0.00127 e

550 BORA-6 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Gleason Plant Gleason TN 9.80 None 0.0196 d 0.116 0.00127 e

551/552 BORA-7 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Henderson Facility Henderson TX 22.66 DLA 0.553 11.4 0.125 e

559 BORA-14 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 3 Phenix City AL 10.00 None 0.324 a 3.24 b 0.0356 c

560 BORA-14 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 3 Phenix City AL 10.00 None 0.324 a 3.24 b 0.0356 c

561 BORA-15 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 4 Phenix City AL 11.20 None 0.324 a 3.63 b 0.0399 c

562 BORA-15 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 4 Phenix City AL 11.20 None 0.324 a 3.63 b 0.0399 c

563 BORA-15 Boral Bricks Inc. Boral- Phenix City-Plant 4 Phenix City AL 13.50 None 0.324 a 4.37 b 0.0481 c

699 181 Certainteed Corporation Certainteed CorporationLudowiciNew 

Lexington

OH 7.78 None 0.324 a 2.52 b 0.0277 c

575 19 Cherokee Brick & Tile 

Co

Cherokee Brick & Tile Macon GA 5.48 None 0.324 a 1.77 b 0.0195 c
C-3

Kiln ID

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name City State

Kiln 

Design 

Capacity APCD

Average 

PM 

(lb/ton)

Average 

PM 

(lb/hr)

Average 

non-Hg 

HAP 

metals 

(lb/hr)

576 19 Cherokee Brick & Tile 

Co

Cherokee Brick & Tile Macon GA 5.48 None 0.324 a 1.77 b 0.0195 c

577/578 19 Cherokee Brick & Tile 

Co

Cherokee Brick & Tile Macon GA 29.48 DLA 0.241 7.93 0.0872 e

581 34 Columbus Brick Co Columbus Brick Company Columbus MS 7.90 None 0.324 a 2.56 b 0.0281 c

582 34 Columbus Brick Co Columbus Brick Company Columbus MS 7.90 None 0.324 a 2.56 b 0.0281 c

583 34 Columbus Brick Co Columbus Brick Company Columbus MS 18.30 DLA 0.0477 0.643 0.00708 e

584 134 Commercial Brick Corp Commercial Brick Corp Wewoka OK 12.26 None 0.324 a 3.97 b 0.0437 c

585 134 Commercial Brick Corp Commercial Brick Corp Wewoka OK 12.26 None 0.324 a 3.97 b 0.0437 c

586 134 Commercial Brick Corp Commercial Brick Corp Wewoka OK 12.26 None 0.324 a 3.97 b 0.0437 c

587 64 Continental Brick Co Continental BrickMartinsburgMartinsburg WV 8.35 None 0.324 a 2.70 b 0.0297 c

588 64 Continental Brick Co Continental BrickMartinsburgMartinsburg WV 8.35 None 0.324 a 2.70 b 0.0297 c

590 83 Cunningham Brick 

Company, Inc

Cunningham- Cleveland 

Co

Grover NC 9.08 None 0.324 a 2.94 b 0.0323 c

591 84 Cunningham Brick 

Company, Inc

Cunningham- Thomasville Thomasville NC 11.55 None 0.324 a 3.74 b 0.0411 c

592 MOHA-4 Mohawk Industries Dal-Tile, Fayette, Alabama Fayette AL 3.56 None 0.324 a 1.15 b 0.0127 c

593 MOHA-4 Mohawk Industries Dal-Tile, Fayette, Alabama Fayette AL 3.56 None 0.324 a 1.15 b 0.0127 c

178 MOHA-6 Mohawk Industries Dal-Tile, Lewisport, 

Kentucky

Lewisport KY 1.75 None 0.243 0.508 0.00559 e

179 MOHA-6 Mohawk Industries Dal-Tile, Lewisport, 

Kentucky

Lewisport KY 1.98 None 0.313 0.566 0.00623 e

180 MOHA-6 Mohawk Industries Dal-Tile, Lewisport, 

Kentucky

Lewisport KY 1.98 None 0.183 0.344 0.00378 e

594 153 Elgin-Butler Brick Co Elgin Butler Plant Elgin TX 1.53 None 0.324 a 0.495 b 0.00545 c

595 153 Elgin-Butler Brick Co Elgin Butler Plant Elgin TX 1.53 None 0.324 a 0.495 b 0.00545 c

596 23 Endicott Clay Products 

Co

Endicott Clay Products Fairbury NE 9.00 None 0.324 a 2.91 b 0.0321 c
C-4

Kiln ID

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name City State

Kiln 

Design 

Capacity APCD

Average 

PM 

(lb/ton)

Average 

PM 

(lb/hr)

Average 

non-Hg 

HAP 

metals 

(lb/hr)

597 23 Endicott Clay Products 

Co

Endicott Clay Products Fairbury NE 9.00 None 0.324 a 2.91 b 0.0321 c

598 23 Endicott Clay Products 

Co

Endicott Clay Products Fairbury NE 8.86 None 0.324 a 2.87 b 0.0316 c

605 GENE-5 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale Brick-Plant 

40

Coosa GA 18.75 DIFF 0.0390 d 0.655 0.00721 e

606 GENE-5 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale Brick-Plant 

40

Coosa GA 18.75 DIFF 0.0390 0.655 0.00335

612/613 GENE-8 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale BrickPlants 35 & 36Blue Ridge 

(Roanoke)

VA 20.20 DLA 0.413 6.11 0.0672 e

614 GENE-8 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale BrickPlants 35 & 36Blue Ridge 

(Roanoke)

VA 22.00 DLA 0.165 a 3.64 b 0.0400 c

615 GENE-9 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale BrickPlants 6 & 28Atkins 

(Marion)

VA 3.68 None 0.324 a 1.19 b 0.0131 c

616 GENE-9 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale BrickPlants 6 & 28Atkins 

(Marion)

VA 3.68 None 0.324 a 1.19 b 0.0131 c

617 GENE-9 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale BrickPlants 6 & 28Atkins 

(Marion)

VA 15.02 DLA 0.165 a 2.49 b 0.0273 c

618 GENE-15 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale- CorbinPlant 33Woodbine KY 9.90 None 0.324 a 3.21 b 0.0353 c

619 GENE-15 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale- CorbinPlant 33Woodbine KY 14.40 None 0.324 a 4.66 b 0.0513 c

622/623 GENE-11 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale- Moncure 

Facility

Moncure NC 27.40 None 0.324 a 8.87 b 0.0976 c

624 GENE-11 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale- Moncure 

Facility

Moncure NC 20.55 DLA 0.0910 d 1.81 0.0199 e

625 GENE-11 General Shale Brick, Inc General Shale- Moncure 

Facility

Moncure NC 20.55 DLA 0.0910 1.81 0.0199 e

635 GLEN-1 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationBiglerBigler PA 16.20 None 0.324 a 5.24 b 0.0577 c
C-5

Kiln ID

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name City State

Kiln 

Design 

Capacity APCD

Average 

PM 

(lb/ton)

Average 

PM 

(lb/hr)

Average 

non-Hg 

HAP 

metals 

(lb/hr)

636 GLEN-1 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationBiglerBigler PA 16.20 None 0.324 a 5.24 b 0.0577 c

637 GLEN-2 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationCaledoniaCaledonia OH 8.89 None 0.324 a 2.88 b 0.0317 c

638 GLEN-2 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationCaledoniaCaledonia OH 8.89 None 0.324 a 2.88 b 0.0317 c

639 GLEN-3 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationCapitolManassas VA 17.00 None 0.324 a 5.50 b 0.0605 c

644 GLEN-8 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationMarseillesMarseilles IL 15.54 DLA 0.178 2.66 0.0292 e

645 GLEN-8 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationMarseillesMarseilles IL 15.96 DLA 0.262 4.14 0.0456 e

642 GLEN-5 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationRedfieldRedfield IA 10.94 None 0.324 a 3.54 b 0.0390 c

648 GLEN-10 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationYorkYork PA 11.24 None 0.324 a 3.64 b 0.0400 c

649 GLEN-10 Glen Gery Glen-Gery CorporationYorkYork PA 19.76 DLA 0.0566 0.677 0.00744 e

650 HANS2 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Athens Athens TX 9.53 None 0.250 2.48 0.0272 e

671 HANS13 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Columbia - Plant 

2

Columbia SC 11.30 None 0.324 a 3.66 b 0.0402 c

672 HANS13 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Columbia - Plant 

2

Columbia SC 11.30 None 0.324 a 3.66 b 0.0402 c

652 HANS5 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Elgin Elgin TX 11.50 None 0.324 a 3.72 b 0.0410 c

653 HANS5 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Elgin Elgin TX 12.20 DIFF 0.0516 0.452 0.00148

656 HANS7 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Mineral Wells 

East

Mineral 

Wells

TX 7.99 None 0.324 a 2.59 b 0.0285 c

663 HANS9 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Ninety Six Ninety-Six SC 8.90 None 0.0563 0.433 0.00477 e

664 HANS9 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Ninety Six Ninety-Six SC 8.90 None 0.0500 d 0.440 0.00484 e

665 HANS9 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Ninety Six Ninety-Six SC 8.90 None 0.0500 0.440 0.00484 e
C-6

Kiln ID

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name City State

Kiln 

Design 

Capacity APCD

Average 

PM 

(lb/ton)

Average 

PM 

(lb/hr)

Average 

non-Hg 

HAP 

metals 

(lb/hr)

667 HANS11 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Roseboro Roseboro NC 10.50 None 0.324 a 3.40 b 0.0374 c

668 HANS11 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Roseboro Roseboro NC 10.50 None 0.324 a 3.40 b 0.0374 c

669 HANS12 Hanson Brick East, LLC Hanson- Stanton Stanton KY 8.00 None 0.376 2.84 0.0312 e

677 145 Hebron Brick Company Hebron Brick Plant Hebron ND 9.60 None 0.324 a 3.11 b 0.0342 c

704/705/

706/707

184 Ironrock Capital 

(formerly Metropolitan 

Ceramics, Inc.)

Ironrock Capital (formerly 

Metropolitan Ceramics, 

Inc.)

Canton OH 13.32 None 0.746 8.27 0.0910 e

684 35 Acme Brick Company Jenkins- Coosaada Plant Coosaada AL 9.50 None 0.324 a 3.08 b 0.0338 c

685 35 Acme Brick Company Jenkins- Coosaada Plant Coosaada AL 9.50 None 0.324 a 3.08 b 0.0338 c

689 175NR Kansas Brick and Tile 

Co

Kansas Brick and Tile Hoisington KS 6.00 None 0.324 a 1.94 b 0.0214 c

690 104 Kasten Clay Products 

Co

Kasten Clay Products Jackson MO 3.74 None 0.324 a 1.21 b 0.0133 c

693 135 Lee Brick and Tile Co Lee Brick Sanford Facility Sanford NC 12.24 None 0.0116 d 0.117 0.00129 e

694 135 Lee Brick and Tile Co Lee Brick Sanford Facility Sanford NC 9.64 None 0.324 a 3.12 b 0.0343 c

695 135 Lee Brick and Tile Co Lee Brick Sanford Facility Sanford NC 12.67 None 0.0116 0.117 0.00129 e

696 135 Lee Brick and Tile Co Lee Brick Sanford Facility Sanford NC 13.50 DLA 0.0176 0.193 0.00213 e

701 50 Marion Ceramics, Inc Marion Ceramics Pee Dee SC 3.13 None 0.324 a 1.01 b 0.0112 c

702 42 McAvoy Brick Co McAvoy Brick Phoenixville PA 12.00 None 0.324 a 3.89 b 0.0427 c

703 139 L.P. McNear Brick Co, 

Inc

McNear Brickyard San Rafael CA 8.20 None 0.324 a 2.65 b 0.0292 c

709 87 Mutual Materials Co Mutual Materials-Mica Mica WA 9.60 None 0.324 a 3.11 b 0.0342 c

710 88 Mutual Materials Co Mutual MaterialsNewcastleRenton WA 7.52 None 0.324 a 2.44 b 0.0268 c

711 68 Old Virginia Brick Co Old Virginia- Madison 

Heights

Madison 

Heights

VA 8.44 None 0.324 a 2.73 b 0.0301 c

712 69 Old Virginia Brick Co Old Virginia-Salem Salem VA 6.77 None 0.324 a 2.19 b 0.0241 c

713 69 Old Virginia Brick Co Old Virginia-Salem Salem VA 4.65 None 0.324 a 1.51 b 0.0166 c
C-7

Kiln ID

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name City State

Kiln 

Design 

Capacity APCD

Average 

PM 

(lb/ton)

Average 

PM 

(lb/hr)

Average 

non-Hg 

HAP 

metals 

(lb/hr)

714 176NR Pacific Clay Products Pacific Clay ProductsLake ElsinoreLake 

Elsinore

CA 2.57 None 0.324 a 0.832 b 0.00915 c

715 176NR Pacific Clay Products Pacific Clay ProductsLake ElsinoreLake 

Elsinore

CA 2.57 None 0.324 a 0.832 b 0.00915 c

716 176NR Pacific Clay Products Pacific Clay ProductsLake ElsinoreLake 

Elsinore

CA 5.14 None 0.324 a 1.66 b 0.0183 c

727/728 137 Pine Hall Brick Co, Inc Pine Hall- Madison Plant Madison NC 19.08 None 0.324 a 6.18 b 0.0679 c

729/730 137 Pine Hall Brick Co, Inc Pine Hall- Madison Plant Madison NC 26.60 DLA 0.139 3.47 0.0381 e

731/732 137 Pine Hall Brick Co, Inc Pine Hall- Madison Plant Madison NC 19.20 None 0.324 a 6.22 b 0.0684 c

735 159 Ragland Clay Products, 

LLC

Ragland Clay Products Ragland AL 3.36 None 0.324 a 1.09 b 0.0120 c

742 45 Richards Brick Co Richards Brick Edwardsville IL 4.62 None 0.324 a 1.50 b 0.0165 c

743 45 Richards Brick Co Richards Brick Edwardsville IL 4.62 None 0.324 a 1.50 b 0.0165 c

753 46 Statesville Brick Co Statesville Brick Statesville NC 11.00 None 0.324 a 3.56 b 0.0392 c

754 46 Statesville Brick Co Statesville Brick Statesville NC 9.35 None 0.324 a 3.03 b 0.0333 c

758 116 Summit Pressed Brick 

and Tile Co

Summit- Brick Plant and 

Storage Yard

Pueblo CO 6.75 None 0.324 a 2.19 b 0.0240 c

759 186 Summitville Tiles, Inc. Summitville Tiles, Inc.-

Minerva Plant

Minerva OH 1.11 None 0.324 a 0.359 b 0.00395 c

760 186 Summitville Tiles, Inc. Summitville Tiles, Inc.-

Minerva Plant

Minerva OH 1.24 None 0.324 a 0.401 b 0.00442 c

761 186 Summitville Tiles, Inc. Summitville Tiles, Inc.-

Minerva Plant

Minerva OH 1.11 None 0.324 a 0.359 b 0.00395 c

762 186 Summitville Tiles, Inc. Summitville Tiles, Inc.-

Minerva Plant

Minerva OH 1.11 None 0.324 a 0.359 b 0.00395 c

773 124 Watsontown Brick Co Watsontown Brick Watsontown PA 7.98 None 0.324 a 2.58 b 0.0284 c

774 124 Watsontown Brick Co Watsontown Brick Watsontown PA 10.00 DIFF 0.0555 a 0.555 b 0.00610 c

775 Whit Whitacre Greer Whitacre Greer Alliance OH 11.90 None 0.641 5.83 0.0641 e

776 Whit Whitacre Greer Whitacre Greer Alliance OH 6.80 None 0.324 a 2.20 b 0.0242 c
C-8

Kiln ID

Facility

ID Company Name Facility Name City State

Kiln 

Design 

Capacity APCD

Average 

PM 

(lb/ton)

Average 

PM 

(lb/hr)

Average 

non-Hg 

HAP 

metals 

(lb/hr)

777 147 Yankee Hill Brick and 

Tile

Yankee Hill Brick and Tile Lincoln NE 4.90 None 0.324 a 1.59 b 0.0174 c

a No PM or HAP metals test data available; value is emission factor based on APCD.

b No PM or HAP metals test data available; value calculated by multiplying lb/ton value and kiln capacity.

c No PM or HAP metals test data available; value calculated by multiplying lb/hr PM emissions and average percentage of PM that is metal HAP (1.1%). d No PM test data available, assigned same lb/ton value as tested identical kiln at the same facility.

e Kiln not tested for HAP metals; value calculated by multiplying lb/hr PM emissions and average percentage of PM that is metal HAP (1.1%).