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                                                                     EXHIBIT 3.1


             FIFTH AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

                                       OF

                               TELECORP PCS, INC.

     TeleCorp PCS, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under the laws of
the State of Delaware, hereby certifies as follows:

     FIRST: The name of the corporation is TeleCorp PCS, Inc. (the
"Corporation"). The original Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation was
filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the "Secretary of
State") on November 14, 1997 and was amended and restated pursuant to a Restated
Certificate of Incorporation filed with the Secretary of State on July 16, 1998,
a Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed with the
Secretary of State on April 20, 1999, a Third Amended and Restated Certificate
of Incorporation filed with the Secretary of State on May 14, 1999 and amended
by Amendment No. 1 to the Third Amended and Restated Certificate filed with the
Secretary of State on August 27, 1999 (the "Third Amended and Restated
Certificate"), a Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed
with the Secretary of State on August 27, 1999, and amended by Amendment No. 1
to the Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate filed with the Secretary of State
on November 8, 1999 (the "Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate").

     SECOND: This Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the
"Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation") has been duly adopted in
accordance with the provisions of Sections 242 and 245 of the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and written consent has been given by
the stockholders of the Company in accordance with Section 228 of the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

     THIRD: This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation restates,
integrates and amends the provisions of the Corporation's Fourth Amended and
Restated Certificate, as amended, by amending Articles IV and VI and by adding
Article IX, all as set forth in this Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation.

                                   ARTICLE I

     The name of the Corporation shall be TeleCorp PCS, Inc.

                                   ARTICLE II

     The address of the Corporation's registered office in the State of Delaware
is Corporation Trust Center, 1209 Orange Street, Wilmington, New Castle County,
Delaware 19801. The name of its registered agent at such address is The
Corporation Trust Company.
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                                  ARTICLE III

     The purpose of the Corporation is to engage in, carry on and conduct any
lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "GCL").

                                   ARTICLE IV

     4.1 Classes of Stock. The total number of shares of all classes of stock
which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is 935,384,090, consisting
of (a) 17,045,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.01 per share (the
"Preferred Stock"), consisting of 100,000 shares designated "Series A
Convertible Preferred Stock" (the "Series A Preferred Stock"), 200,000 shares
designated "Series B Preferred Stock" (the "Series B Preferred Stock"), 215,000
shares designated "Series C Preferred Stock" (the "Series C Preferred Stock"),
50,000 shares designated "Series D Preferred Stock" (the "Series D Preferred
Stock"), 30,000 shares designated "Series E Preferred Stock" (the "Series E
Preferred Stock"), 15,450,000 shares designated "Series F Preferred Stock" (the
"Series F Preferred Stock"), and 1,000,000 undesignated shares available for
designation and issuance pursuant to Section 4.2, and (b) 918,339,090 shares of
common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Common Stock"), consisting of
608,550,000 shares designated "Class A Voting Common Stock" (the "Class A Common
Stock"), 308,550,000 shares designated "Class B Non-Voting Common Stock" (the
"Class B Common Stock"), 309,000 shares designated "Class C Common Stock" (the
"Class C Common Stock"), 927,000 shares designated "Class D Common Stock" (the
"Class D Common Stock") and 3,090 shares designated "Voting Preference Common
Stock" (the "Voting Preference Common Stock"). (Capitalized terms used herein
and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings set forth in Section 4.13.)

     4.2 Additional Series of Preferred Stock.

     (a) Subject to approval by holders of shares of any class or series of
Preferred Stock to the extent such approval is required by its terms, the Board
of Directors of the Corporation (the "Board of Directors") is hereby expressly
authorized, by resolution or resolutions, to provide, out of the unissued shares
of Preferred Stock, for series of Preferred Stock in addition to the Series A
Preferred Stock, the Series B Preferred Stock, the Series C Preferred Stock, the
Series D Preferred Stock, the Series E Preferred Stock, and the Series F
Preferred Stock. Before any shares of any such series are issued, the Board of
Directors shall fix, and hereby is expressly empowered to fix, by resolutions,
the following provisions of the shares thereof:

     (i) the designation of such series, the number of shares to constitute such
series and the stated value thereof if different from the par value thereof;


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     (ii) whether the shares of such series shall have voting rights, in
addition to any voting rights provided by law, and, if so, the terms of such
voting rights, which may be general or limited;

     (iii) the dividends, if any, payable on such series, whether any such
dividends shall be cumulative, and, if so, from what dates, the conditions and
dates upon which such dividends shall be payable, the preference or relation
which such dividends shall bear to the dividends payable on any shares of stock
of any other class or any other series of this class;

     (iv) whether the shares of such series shall be subject to redemption by
the Corporation, and, if so, the times, prices and other conditions of such
redemption;

     (v) the amount or amounts payable upon shares of such series upon, and the
rights of the holders of such series in, the voluntary or involuntary
liquidation, dissolution or winding up, or upon any distribution of the assets,
of the Corporation;

     (vi) whether the shares of such series shall be subject to the operation of
a retirement or sinking fund and, if so, the extent to and manner in which any
such retirement or sinking fund shall be applied to the purchase or redemption
of the shares of such series for retirement or other corporate purposes and the
terms and provisions relative to the operation thereof;

     (vii) whether the shares of such series shall be convertible into, or
exchangeable for, shares of stock of any other class or any other series of this
class or any other securities and, if so, the price or prices or the rate or
rates of conversion or exchange and the method, if any, of adjusting the same,
and any other terms and conditions of conversion or exchange;

     (viii) the limitations and restrictions, if any, to be effective while any
shares of such series are outstanding upon the payment of dividends or the
making of other distributions on, and upon the purchase, redemption other
acquisition by the Corporation of, the Common Stock or shares of stock of any
other class or any other series of this class;

     (ix) the conditions or restrictions, if any, upon the creation of
indebtedness of the Corporation or upon the issue of any additional stock,
including additional shares of such series or of any other series of this class
or of any other class; and

     (x) any other powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional and
other special rights, and any qualifications, limitations and restrictions
thereof.

     (b) The powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional and other
special rights of each series of Preferred Stock, and the qualifications,
limitations or restrictions thereof, if any, may differ from those of any and
all other series at any time outstanding.



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All shares of any one series of Preferred Stock shall be identical in all
respects with all other shares of such series, except that shares of any one
series issued at different times may differ as to the dates from which dividends
thereon shall be cumulative.

     (c) Shares of Preferred Stock of any series that have been redeemed
(whether through the operation of a sinking fund or otherwise) or that, if
convertible or exchangeable, have been converted into or exchanged for any other
security shall have the status of authorized and unissued shares of Preferred
Stock of the same series and may be reissued as a part of the series of which
they were originally a part or may be reclassified and reissued as part of a new
series of shares of Preferred Stock to be created by resolution or resolutions
of the Board of Directors or as part of any other series of shares of Preferred
Stock, all subject to the conditions or restrictions on issuance set forth in
the resolution or resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors providing for
the issue of any series of shares of Preferred Stock.

     (d) Subject to the provisions of this Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation and except as otherwise provided by law, the stock of the
Corporation, regardless of class, may be issued for such consideration and for
such corporate purposes as the Board of Directors may from time to time
determine.

     4.3 Powers, Preferences and Rights of the Series A Preferred Stock. The
powers, preferences and rights of the Series A Preferred Stock and the
qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof are as follows:

     (a) Ranking. The Series A Preferred Stock shall, with respect to the
payment of dividends and the distribution of assets on liquidation, dissolution
or winding up, rank on a parity with the Series B Preferred Stock, and rank
senior to Junior Stock.

     (b) Dividends and Distributions.

     (i) Dividends. The holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall be
entitled to receive, as and when declared by the Board of Directors, out of
funds legally available therefor, dividends on each outstanding share of Series
A Preferred Stock, at an annual rate per share equal to ten percent (10%) of the
Liquidation Preference, calculated on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of
twelve 30-day months. Dividends shall be paid quarterly in arrears on the
Dividend Payment Date commencing September 30, 1998 in the manner provided in
paragraph (iii) below.

     (ii) Accrued Dividends, Record Date. Dividends payable pursuant to
paragraph (i) above shall begin to accrue and be cumulative from the date on
which shares of Series A Preferred Stock are issued, and shall begin to accrue
on a daily basis, in each case whether or not earned or declared. The Board of
Directors may fix a record date for the determination of holders of shares of
Series A Preferred Stock entitled to receive payment of the dividends payable
pursuant to paragraph (i) above, which record date shall not be more than 60
days prior to the Dividend Payment Date.



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     (iii) Payment. All dividends shall be payable in cash. Until the 42nd
Dividend Payment Date, the Corporation shall have the option to defer payment of
dividends on Series A Preferred Stock. Any dividend payments so deferred shall
be payable on and not earlier than the 42nd Dividend Payment Date.

     (iv) Dividends Pro Rata. All dividends paid with respect to shares of
Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to this Section 4.3(b) shall be paid pro rata
to the holders entitled thereto. In the event that the funds legally available
therefor shall be insufficient for the payment of the entire amount of cash
dividends payable at any Dividend Payment Date, subject to Section 4.3(c), such
funds shall be allocated for the payment of dividends with respect to the shares
of Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock pro rata based upon the
Liquidation Preference of the outstanding shares.

     (c) Certain Restrictions.

     (i) Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 4.3(b), (e) and (f), cash
dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock may not be declared, paid or set apart
for payment, nor may the Corporation redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire any
shares of Series A Preferred Stock, if (A) the Corporation is not solvent or
would be rendered insolvent thereby or (B) at such time the terms and provisions
of any law or agreement of the Corporation, including any agreement relating to
its indebtedness, specifically prohibit such declaration, payment or setting
apart for payment or such redemption, purchase or other acquisition, or provide
that such declaration, payment or setting apart for payment or such redemption,
purchase or other acquisition would constitute a violation or breach thereof or
a default thereunder.

     (ii) So long as shares of Series A Preferred Stock are outstanding or
dividends payable on shares of Series A Preferred Stock have not been paid in
full in cash, then the Corporation shall not declare or pay cash dividends on,
or redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration, any shares of Common
Stock or other shares of Junior Stock, except with the prior written consent of
holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock,
except that the Corporation may acquire, in accordance with the terms of any
agreement between the Corporation and its employees, shares of Common Stock or
Preferred Stock at a price not greater than the Market Price as of such date.

     (iii) The Corporation shall not permit any Subsidiary of the Corporation,
or cause any other Person, to make any distribution with respect to, or purchase
or otherwise acquire for consideration, any shares of capital stock of the
Corporation, unless the Corporation could, pursuant to paragraph (ii) above,
make such distribution or purchase or otherwise acquire such shares at such time
and in such manner.

     (d) Voting Rights; Election of Directors.

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     (i) The holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall not have any
right to vote on any matters to be voted on by the stockholders of the
Corporation, except as otherwise provided in paragraphs (ii) and (iii) below or
as provided by law, and the shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall not be
included in determining the number of shares voting or entitled to vote on any
such matters (other than the matters described in paragraphs (ii) and (iii)
below or as otherwise required by law).

     (ii) Unless the consent or approval of a greater number of shares shall
then be required by law, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of
the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock in person or by proxy, at
each special and annual meeting of stockholders called for the purpose, or by
written consent, shall be necessary to (A) authorize, increase the authorized
number of shares of or issue (including on conversion or exchange of any
convertible or exchangeable securities or by reclassification) any shares of any
class or classes of Senior Stock or Parity Stock or any additional shares of
Series A Preferred Stock, (B) authorize, adopt or approve each amendment to this
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation that would increase or
decrease the par value of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock, alter or
change the powers, preferences or rights of the shares of Series A Preferred
Stock or alter or change the powers, preferences or rights of any other capital
stock of the Corporation if such alteration or change results in such capital
stock being Senior Stock or Parity Stock, (C) amend, alter or repeal any
provision of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation so as to
affect the shares of Series A Preferred Stock adversely, or (D) authorize or
issue any security convertible into, exchangeable for or evidencing the right to
purchase or otherwise receive any shares of any class or classes of Senior Stock
or Parity Stock.

     (iii) So long as the Initial Holders own in the aggregate at least
two-thirds (2/3) of the number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock owned by
them on July 17, 1998, holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall have
the exclusive right, voting separately as a single class, to nominate one
director of the Corporation. The foregoing right to nominate one director may be
exercised at any annual meeting of stockholders or a special meeting of
stockholders or holders of Series A Preferred Stock held for such purpose or any
adjournment thereof, or by the written consent, delivered to the Secretary of
the Corporation, of the holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding
shares of Series A Preferred Stock. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Initial
Holders shall have the right, exercisable at any time by written notice
delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation, to surrender and cancel
irrevocably such right to nominate one director of the Corporation. So long as
the Initial Holders own in the aggregate at least two-thirds (2/3) of the number
of shares of Series A Preferred Stock owned by them on July 17, 1998, in the
event any director so nominated by the Initial Holders ceases to be a director
of the Corporation during such director's term (whether or not such director
resigns, is removed from the Board of Directors with or without cause or ceases
to be a director by reason of death, disability or for any other reason), the
Initial Holders shall have the right to designate a replacement for such
director, and the Corporation shall cause to be elected



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or appointed for the remainder of the term of any director so replaced any
person designated by the Initial Holders, upon written notice to the Corporation
and the other members of the Board of Directors which notice shall set forth the
name of the member being replaced and the name of the new member.

     (e) Redemption at Option of the Corporation. The Corporation shall have the
right to redeem shares of Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to the following
provisions:

     (i) The Corporation shall not have any right to redeem shares of the Series
A Preferred Stock prior to, with respect to any share of the Series A Preferred
Stock, the 30th day after the tenth anniversary of the issuance of such share.
Thereafter, subject to the restrictions in Section 4.3(c)(i), the Corporation
shall have the right, at its sole option and election, to redeem the shares of
the Series A Preferred Stock, in whole but not in part, at any time at a
redemption price (the "Series A Redemption Price") per share equal to the
Liquidation Preference as of the redemption date;

     (ii) Notice of any redemption of the Series A Preferred Stock shall be
mailed at least ten, but not more than 60, days prior to the date fixed for
redemption to each holder of Series A Preferred Stock to be redeemed, at such
holder's address as it appears on the books of the Corporation. In order to
facilitate the redemption of the Series A Preferred Stock, the Board of
Directors may fix a record date for the determination of holders of Series A
Preferred Stock to be redeemed, or may cause the transfer books of the
Corporation to be closed for the transfer of the Series A Preferred Stock, not
more than 60 days prior to the date fixed for such redemption;

     (iii) Within two Business Days after the redemption date specified in the
notice given pursuant to paragraph (ii) above and the surrender of the
certificate(s) representing shares of Series A Preferred Stock, the Corporation
shall pay to the holder of the shares being redeemed the Series A Redemption
Price therefor. Such payment shall be made by wire transfer of immediately
available funds to an account designated by such holder or by overnight delivery
(by a nationally recognized courier) of a bank check to such holder's address as
it appears on the books of the Corporation; and

     (iv) Effective upon the date of the notice given pursuant to paragraph (ii)
above, notwithstanding that any certificate for such shares shall not have been
surrendered for cancellation, the shares represented thereby shall no longer be
deemed outstanding, the rights to receive dividends thereon shall cease to
accrue from and after the date of redemption designated in the notice of
redemption and all rights of the holders of the shares of the Series A Preferred
Stock called for redemption shall cease and terminate, excepting only the right
to receive the Series A Redemption Price therefor in accordance with paragraph
(iii) above and the right to convert such shares into shares of Class A Common
Stock until the close of business on the third Business Day preceding the
redemption date, as provided in Section 4.3(i).

     (f) Redemption at Option of Holder.


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     (i) No holder of shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall have any right to
require the Corporation to redeem any shares of Series A Preferred Stock prior
to, with respect to any share of the Series A Preferred Stock, the 30th day
after the twentieth anniversary of the issuance of such share. Thereafter,
subject to the restrictions set forth in Section 4.3(c)(i), each holder of
shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall have the right, at the sole option and
election of such holder, to require the Corporation to redeem all (but not less
than all) of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock owned by such holder at a
price per share equal to the Series A Redemption Price;

     (ii) The holder of any shares of the Series A Preferred Stock may exercise
such holder's right to require the Corporation to redeem such shares by
surrendering for such purpose to the Corporation, at its principal office or at
such other office or agency maintained by the Corporation for that purpose,
certificates representing the shares of Series A Preferred Stock to be redeemed,
accompanied by a written notice stating that such holder elects to require the
Corporation to redeem all (but not less than all) of such shares in accordance
with the provisions of this Section 4.3(f), which notice may specify an account
for delivery of the Series A Redemption Price;

     (iii) Within two Business Days after the surrender of such certificates,
the Corporation shall pay to the holder of the shares being redeemed the Series
A Redemption Price therefor. Such payment shall be made by wire transfer of
immediately available funds to an account designated by such holder or by
overnight delivery (by a nationally recognized courier) of a bank check to such
holder's address as it appears on the books of the Corporation; and

     (iv) Such redemptions shall be deemed to have been made at the close of
business on the date of the receipt of such notice and of such surrender of the
certificates representing the shares of the Series A Preferred Stock to be
redeemed and the rights of the holder thereof, except for the right to receive
the Series A Redemption Price therefor in accordance herewith, shall cease on
such date of receipt and surrender.

     (g) Reacquired Shares. Any shares of the Series A Preferred Stock redeemed
or purchased or otherwise acquired by the Corporation in any manner whatsoever
shall be retired and canceled promptly after the acquisition thereof. All such
shares shall upon their cancellation become authorized but unissued shares of
Preferred Stock and may be reissued pursuant to Section 4.2(c) as part of a new
series of Preferred Stock to be created by resolution or resolutions of the
Board of Directors, subject to the conditions or restrictions on issuance set
forth herein.

     (h) Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up.

     (i) In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the
Corporation, either voluntary or involuntary, before any distribution or payment
to holders of Junior Stock, the holders of shares of Series A Preferred Stock
shall be entitled



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to be paid an amount equal to the Liquidation Preference with respect to each
share of Series A Preferred Stock.

     (ii) If, upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the
Corporation, the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to the
holders of Series A Preferred Stock shall be insufficient to permit payment in
full to such holders of the sums which such holders are entitled to receive in
such case, then all of the assets available for distribution to holders of the
Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock shall be distributed among
and paid to such holders ratably in proportion to the amounts that would be
payable to such holders if such assets were sufficient to permit payment in
full.

     (iii) Neither the consolidation or merger of the Corporation with or into
any other Person nor the sale or other distribution to another Person of all or
substantially all the assets, property or business of the Corporation, shall be
deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation for
purposes of this Section 4.3(h).

     (i) Conversion.

     (i) Stockholders' Right To Convert. No holder of shares of Series A
Preferred Stock shall have any right to convert any shares of Series A Preferred
Stock into Class A Common Stock or any other securities of the Corporation prior
to July 17, 2006. Thereafter, each share of Series A Preferred Stock held by the
Initial Holders or a Qualified Transferee shall be convertible, at the sole
option and election of the Initial Holders or Qualified Transferee, into fully
paid and non-assessable shares of Class A Common Stock.

     (ii) Number of Shares of Class A Common Stock Issuable upon Conversion. The
number of shares of Class A Common Stock to be issued upon conversion of shares
of Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to paragraph (i) above shall be equal to
the product of (A) the Series A Conversion Rate as of the date of the applicable
notice pursuant to paragraph (iv) below, multiplied by (B) the number of shares
of Series A Preferred Stock to be converted.

     (iii) Fractional Shares. Notwithstanding any other provision of this
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the Corporation shall not be
required to issue fractions of shares upon conversion of any shares of Series A
Preferred Stock or to distribute certificates which evidence fractional shares.
In lieu of fractional shares, the Corporation may pay therefor, at the time of
any conversion of shares of Series A Preferred Stock as herein provided, an
amount in cash equal to such fraction multiplied by the Market Price of a share
of Class A Common Stock on such date.

     (iv) Mechanics of Conversion. The Initial Holders or Qualified Transferee
may exercise its option to convert by surrendering for such purpose to the
Corporation, at its principal office or such other office or agency maintained
by the Corporation for that purpose, certificates representing the shares of
Series A Preferred Stock to be converted,



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accompanied by a written notice, delivered in accordance with the terms of the
Stockholders Agreement, stating that such holder elects to convert such shares
in accordance with this Section 4.3(i). The date of receipt of such certificates
and notice by the Corporation at such office shall be the conversion date (the
"Series A Conversion Date"). If required by the Corporation, certificates
surrendered for conversion shall be endorsed or accompanied by a written
instrument or instruments of transfer, in form satisfactory to the Corporation,
duly executed by the registered holder or his or its attorney duly authorized in
writing. Within ten Business Days after the Series A Conversion Date (or, if at
the time of such surrender the shares of Class A Common Stock are not listed or
admitted for trading on any national securities exchange and are not quoted on
NASDAQ or any similar service, within ten Business Days of the determination of
the Market Price pursuant to the Appraisal Procedure), the Corporation shall
issue to such holder a number of shares of Class A Common Stock into which such
shares of Series A Preferred Stock are convertible pursuant to paragraph (ii)
above. Certificates representing such shares of Class A Common Stock shall be
delivered to such holder at such holder's address as it appears on the books of
the Corporation.

     (v) Termination of Rights. All shares of Series A Preferred Stock which
shall have been surrendered for conversion as herein provided shall no longer be
deemed to be outstanding and all rights with respect to such shares, including
the rights, if any, to receive notices and to vote, shall immediately cease and
terminate on the Series A Conversion Date, except only the right of the holders
thereof to receive shares of Class A Common Stock in exchange therefor and
payment of any declared and unpaid dividends thereon.

     (vi) No Conversion Charge or Tax. The issuance and delivery of certificates
for shares of Class A Common Stock upon the conversion of shares of Series A
Preferred Stock shall be made without charge to the holder of shares of Series A
Preferred Stock for any issue or transfer tax, or other incidental expense in
respect of the issuance or delivery of such certificates or the securities
represented thereby, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the
Corporation.

     (vii) Reorganization, Reclassification and Merger Adjustment. If there
occurs any capital reorganization or any reclassification of the Class A Common
Stock of the Corporation, the consolidation or merger of the Corporation with or
into another Person (other than a merger or consolidation of the Corporation in
which the Corporation is the continuing corporation and which does not result in
any reclassification or change of outstanding shares of its Class A Common
Stock) or the sale or conveyance of all or substantially all of the assets of
the Corporation to another Person, then each share of Series A Preferred Stock
shall thereafter be convertible into the same kind and amounts of securities
(including shares of stock) or other assets, or both, which were issuable or
distributable to the holders of outstanding Class A Common Stock of the
Corporation upon such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger,
sale or conveyance, in respect of that number of shares of Class A Common Stock
into which such share of



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<PAGE>

Series A Preferred Stock might have been converted immediately prior to such
reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale or conveyance;
and, in any such case, appropriate adjustments (as determined in good faith by
the Board of Directors of the Corporation, whose determination shall be
conclusive) shall be made to assure that the provisions set forth herein shall
thereafter be applicable, as nearly as reasonably may be practicable, in
relation to any securities or other assets thereafter deliverable upon the
conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock.

     (viii) Notice of Adjustment. Whenever the securities or other property
deliverable upon the conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock shall be
adjusted pursuant to the provisions hereof, the Corporation shall promptly give
written notice thereof to each holder of shares of Series A Preferred Stock at
such holder's address as it appears on the transfer books of the Corporation and
shall forthwith file, at its principal executive office and with any transfer
agent or agents for the Series A Preferred Stock and the Class A Common Stock, a
certificate, signed by the Chairman of the Board, President or one of the Vice
Presidents of the Corporation, and by its Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer or
one of its Assistant Treasurers, stating the securities or other property
deliverable per share of Series A Preferred Stock calculated to the nearest cent
or to the nearest one-hundredth of a share and setting forth in reasonable
detail the method of calculation and the facts requiring such adjustment and
upon which such calculation is based. Each adjustment shall remain in effect
until a subsequent adjustment hereunder is required.

     (ix) Reservation of Class A Common Stock. The Corporation shall at all
times reserve and keep available for issuance upon the conversion of the shares
of Series A Preferred Stock the maximum number of its authorized but unissued
shares of Class A Common Stock as is reasonably anticipated to be sufficient to
permit the conversion of all outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock, and
shall take all action required to increase the authorized number of shares of
Class A Common Stock if at any time there shall be insufficient authorized but
unissued shares of Class A Common Stock to permit such reservation or to permit
the conversion of all outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock.

     (j) Qualified Transfer. If at any time an Initial Holder or Qualified
Transferee desires to sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of shares of Series A
Preferred Stock pursuant to a Qualified Transfer, it shall, with respect to each
such proposed transfer, give written notice (a "Qualified Transfer Notice") to
the Corporation at its principal executive office specifying up to ten
prospective transferees. Upon receipt of such notice, the Corporation shall have
ten days to give written notice to the Initial Holders or Qualified Transferee
specifying its disapproval of (A) any or all of such prospective transferees if
it has good reason for such disapproval and specifying such reason and (B) up to
two of such prospective transferees with or without good reason.


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     (k) Notice of Certain Events. In case the Corporation shall propose at any
time or from time to time (i) to declare or pay any dividend payable in stock of
any class to the holders of Common Stock or to make any other distribution to
the holders of Common Stock, (ii) to offer to the holders of Common Stock rights
or warrants to subscribe for or to purchase any additional shares of Common
Stock or shares of stock of any class or any other securities, rights or
options, (iii) to effect any reclassification of its Common Stock, (iv) to
effect any consolidation, merger or sale, transfer or other disposition of all
or substantially all of the property, assets or business of the Corporation
which would, if consummated, adjust the Series A Conversion Rate or the
securities issuable upon conversion of shares of Series A Preferred Stock, or
(v) to effect the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation,
then, in each such case, the Corporation shall mail to each holder of shares of
Series A Preferred Stock, at such holder's address as it appears on the transfer
books of the Corporation, a written notice of such proposed action, which shall
specify (A) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such
dividend or distribution of rights or warrants or, if a record is not to be
taken, the date as of which the holders of shares of Common Stock of record to
be entitled to such dividend or distribution of rights or warrants are to be
determined, or (B) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation,
merger, sale, conveyance, dissolution, liquidation or winding up is expected to
become effective, and such notice shall be so given as promptly as possible but
in any event at least ten Business Days prior to the applicable record,
determination or effective date, specified in such notice.

     (l) Certain Remedies. Any registered holder of shares of Series A Preferred
Stock shall be entitled to an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches of
the provisions of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and to
enforce specifically the terms and provisions of this Amended and Restated
Certificate of Incorporation in any court of the United States or any state
thereof having jurisdiction, this being in addition to any other remedy to which
such holder may be entitled at law or in equity.

     4.4 Powers, Preferences and Rights of the Series B Preferred Stock. The
Series B Preferred Stock shall rank on a parity with the Series A Preferred
Stock, and the powers, preferences and rights of the Series B Preferred Stock,
and the qualifications, limitations, and restrictions thereof, shall be
identical to those of the Series A Preferred Stock, except that (a) shares of
Series B Preferred Stock shall not be, pursuant to the terms of Section 4.3(i)
or otherwise, convertible into shares of Common Stock or any other security
issued by the Corporation, (b) the Corporation may redeem shares of Series B
Preferred Stock in accordance with the terms of Section 4.3(e) at any time
without regard to whether the redemption date is before, on or after the date
referred to in Section 4.3(e)(i), (c) shares of Series B Preferred Stock may be
issued by the Corporation in accordance with the terms of Section 4.11, (d)
holders of Series B Preferred Stock shall not, pursuant to Section 4.3(d) or
otherwise, have the right to elect any directors of the Corporation and (e) the
words "Series B Preferred Stock" and "Series A Preferred Stock" shall be
substituted for all references in Section 4.3 to Series A Preferred Stock and
Series B Preferred Stock, respectively.


                                      -12-
<PAGE>

     4.5 Powers, Preferences and Rights of the Series C Preferred Stock. The
powers, preferences and rights of the Series C Preferred Stock and the
qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof are as follows:

     (a) Ranking. The Series C Preferred Stock shall rank (i) junior to the
Series A Preferred Stock and the Series B Preferred Stock with respect to the
payment of dividends and the distribution of assets on liquidation, dissolution
or winding up, (ii) junior to the Series D Preferred Stock with respect to the
distribution of assets on a Statutory Liquidation, (iii) on a parity with the
Series D Preferred Stock with respect to the distribution of assets on
liquidation, dissolution or winding up (other than on a Statutory Liquidation),
(iv) on a parity with the Series D Preferred Stock and the Common Stock with
respect to the payment of dividends, and (v) senior to the Common Stock and any
series or class of the Corporation's common or preferred stock, now or hereafter
authorized (other than Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock or
Series D Preferred Stock), with respect to the distribution of assets on
liquidation, dissolution and winding up.

     (b) Dividends. Holders of Series C Preferred Stock shall be entitled to
dividends in cash or property when, as and if, declared by the Board of
Directors of the Corporation; provided that, in no event shall dividends in
excess of the Liquidation Preference be declared or paid. So long as shares of
Series C Preferred Stock are outstanding or dividends payable on shares of
Series C Preferred Stock have not been paid in full in cash, the Corporation
shall not declare or pay cash dividends on, or redeem, purchase or otherwise
acquire for consideration, any shares of any class of common stock or series of
preferred stock ranking junior to or on a parity with the Series C Preferred
Stock, except that the Corporation may acquire, in accordance with the terms of
any agreement between the Corporation and its employees, shares of Common Stock
or Preferred Stock at a price not greater than the Market Price as of such date.
The Corporation shall not declare or pay cash dividends on, or redeem, purchase
or otherwise acquire for consideration, any shares of Series D Preferred Stock
unless concurrently therewith the Corporation shall declare or pay cash
dividends on, or redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration, as the
case may be, shares of Series C Preferred Stock ratably in accordance with the
number of shares of Series C Preferred Stock and Series D Preferred Stock then
outstanding.

     (c) Liquidation Preference.

     (i) In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the
Corporation, the holders of Series C Preferred Stock shall be entitled to
receive out of the assets of the Corporation, whether such assets are capital or
surplus of any nature, after payment is made to holders of all series of
preferred stock ranking senior to the Series C Preferred Stock with respect to
rights on liquidation, dissolution or winding up (including, in the case of a
Statutory Liquidation, the Series D Preferred Stock), but before any payment
shall be made or any assets distributed to the holders of Common



                                      -13-
<PAGE>

Stock or any series of preferred stock ranking junior to the Series C Preferred
Stock with respect to rights on liquidation, dissolution or winding up, an
amount equal to the Liquidation Preference and no more.

     (ii) If upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation
the assets of the Corporation to be distributed are insufficient to permit the
payment to all holders of Series C Preferred Stock and any other series of
preferred stock ranking on a parity with Series C Preferred Stock with respect
to rights on liquidation, dissolution or winding up (including, in the case of a
liquidation, dissolution or winding up other than a Statutory Liquidation, the
Series D Preferred Stock), to receive their full preferential amounts, the
entire assets of the Corporation shall be distributed among the holders of
Series C Preferred Stock and all such other series ratably in accordance with
their respective Liquidation Preference.

     (iii) Neither the consolidation or merger of the Corporation with or into
any other Person nor the sale or other distribution to another Person of all or
substantially all the assets, property or business of the Corporation, shall be
deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation for
purposes of this Section 4.5(c).

     (d) Voting Rights.

     (i) The holders of shares of Series C Preferred Stock shall not have any
right to vote on any matters to be voted on by the stockholders of the
Corporation, except as otherwise provided in paragraph (ii) below or as provided
by law, and the shares of Series C Preferred Stock shall not be included in
determining the number of shares voting or entitled to vote on any such matters
(other than the matters described in paragraph (ii) below or as otherwise
required by law).

     (ii) The affirmative vote of holders of not less than a majority of Series
C Preferred Stock shall be required to (A) authorize, increase the authorized
number of shares of or issue (including on conversion or exchange of any
convertible or exchangeable securities or by reclassification) any shares of any
class or classes of stock ranking senior to or pari passu with the Series C
Preferred Stock or any additional shares of Series C Preferred Stock, (B)
authorize, adopt or approve each amendment to this Amended and Restated
Certificate of Incorporation that would increase or decrease the par value of
the shares of Series C Preferred Stock, alter or change the powers, preferences
or rights of the shares of Series C Preferred Stock or alter or change the
powers, preferences or rights of any other capital stock of the Corporation if
such alteration or change results in such capital stock ranking senior to or
pari passu with the Series C Preferred Stock, (C) amend, alter or repeal any
provision of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation so as to
affect the shares of Series C Preferred Stock adversely, or (D) authorize or
issue any security convertible into, exchangeable for or evidencing the right to
purchase or otherwise receive any shares of any class or classes of stock senior
to or pari passu with the Series C Preferred Stock.


                                      -14-
<PAGE>

     (e) Redemption at Option of the Corporation. The Corporation shall have the
right to redeem shares of Series C Preferred Stock pursuant to the following
provisions:

     (i) Subject to the restrictions set forth in Section 4.5(g)(i), the
Corporation shall have the right, at its sole option and election, to redeem the
shares of the Series C Preferred Stock, in whole but not in part, at any time at
a redemption price per share equal to the Liquidation Preference thereof as of
the redemption date; provided, that concurrently with such redemption, the
Corporation shall redeem the shares of Series D Preferred Stock, in whole and
not in part, at a redemption price per share equal to the Liquidation Preference
thereof as of the redemption date; provided, further, that if the funds legally
available to the Corporation are insufficient to effect the redemption of the
Series C Preferred Stock and the Series D Preferred Stock in full, such funds
shall be allocated among the shares of Series C Preferred Stock and Series D
Preferred Stock ratably in accordance with the number of shares of each Series
outstanding as of the redemption date;

     (ii) Notice of any redemption of the Series C Preferred Stock and Series D
Preferred Stock shall be mailed at least ten but not more than 60 days prior to
the date fixed for redemption to each holder of Series C Preferred Stock and
Series D Preferred Stock to be redeemed, at such holder's address as it appears
on the books of the Corporation. In order to facilitate the redemption of the
Series C Preferred Stock and Series D Preferred Stock, the Board of Directors
may fix a record date for the determination of holders of Series C Preferred
Stock and Series D Preferred Stock to be redeemed, or may cause the transfer
books of the Corporation to be closed for the transfer of the Series C Preferred
Stock and Series D Preferred Stock, not more than 60 days prior to the date
fixed for such redemption;

     (iii) Within two Business Days after the redemption date specified in the
notice given pursuant to paragraph (ii) above and the surrender of the
certificate(s) representing shares of Series C Preferred Stock or Series D
Preferred Stock, as the case may be, the Corporation shall pay to the holder of
the shares being redeemed the Series C Redemption Price or the Series D
Redemption Price therefor. Such payment shall be made by wire transfer of
immediately available funds to an account designated by such holder or by
overnight delivery (by a nationally recognized courier) of a bank check to such
holder's address as it appears on the books of the Corporation; and

     (iv) Effective upon the date of the notice given pursuant to paragraph (ii)
above, notwithstanding that any certificate for such shares shall not have been
surrendered for cancellation, the shares represented thereby shall no longer be
deemed outstanding, the rights to receive dividends thereon shall cease to
accrue from and after the date of redemption designated in the notice of
redemption and all rights of the holders of the shares of the Series C Preferred
Stock or Series D Preferred Stock, as the case may be, called for redemption
shall cease and terminate, excepting only the right to receive the



                                      -15-
<PAGE>

Series C Redemption Price or the Series D Redemption Price therefor in
accordance with paragraph (iii) above.

     (f) Redemption at Option of Holder.

     (i) No holder of shares of Series C Preferred Stock shall have any right to
require the Corporation to redeem any shares of Series C Preferred Stock prior
to, with respect to any share of Series C Preferred Stock, the 30th day after
the twentieth anniversary of the issuance of such share. Thereafter, subject to
the restrictions set forth in Section 4.5(g)(i), each holder of shares of Series
C Preferred Stock shall have the right, at the sole option and election of such
holder, to require the Corporation to redeem all (but not less than all) of the
shares of Series C Preferred Stock owned by such holder at a price per share
equal to the Series C Redemption Price;

     (ii) The holder of any shares of the Series C Preferred Stock may exercise
such holder's right to require the Corporation to redeem such shares by
surrendering for such purpose to the Corporation, at its principal office or at
such other office or agency maintained by the Corporation for that purpose,
certificates representing the shares of Series C Preferred Stock to be redeemed,
accompanied by a written notice stating that such holder elects to require the
Corporation to redeem all (but not less than all) of such shares in accordance
with the provisions of this Section 4.5(f), which notice may specify an account
for delivery of the Series C Redemption Price;

     (iii) Within two Business Days after the surrender of such certificates,
the Corporation shall pay to the holder of the shares being redeemed the Series
C Redemption Price therefor. Such payment shall be made by wire transfer of
immediately available funds to an account designated by such holder or by
overnight delivery (by a nationally recognized courier) of a bank check to such
holder's address as it appears on the books of the Corporation; and

     (iv) Such redemptions shall be deemed to have been made at the close of
business on the date of the receipt of such notice and of such surrender of the
certificates representing the shares of the Series C Preferred Stock to be
redeemed and the rights of the holder thereof, except for the right to receive
the Series C Redemption Price therefor in accordance herewith, shall cease on
such date of receipt and surrender.

     (g) Certain Restrictions.

     (i) Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 4.5(b) or (f), cash
dividends on the Series C Preferred Stock may not be declared, paid or set apart
for payment, nor may the Corporation redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire any
shares of Series C Preferred Stock, if (A) the Corporation is not solvent or
would be rendered insolvent thereby or (B) at such time the terms and provisions
of any law or agreement of the Corporation, including any agreement relating to
its indebtedness, specifically prohibit such declaration, payment or setting
apart for payment or such redemption, purchase or other acquisition, or provide
that such declaration, payment or setting apart for payment or such redemption,
purchase or other



                                      -16-
<PAGE>

acquisition would constitute a violation or breach thereof or a default
thereunder.

     (ii) So long as shares of Series C Preferred Stock are outstanding or
dividends payable on shares of Series C Preferred Stock have not been paid in
full in cash, the Corporation shall not declare or pay cash dividends on, or
redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration, any shares of Common
Stock or other shares of capital stock of the Corporation ranking junior to or
on a parity basis with the Series C Preferred Stock, except with the prior
written consent of holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Series C
Preferred Stock, except that the Corporation may acquire, in accordance with the
terms of any agreement between the Corporation and its employees, shares of
Common Stock from its employees at a price equal to such employee's purchase
price therefor without such consent.

     (iii) The Corporation shall not permit any Subsidiary of the Corporation,
or cause any other Person, to make any distribution with respect to, or purchase
or otherwise acquire for consideration, any shares of Common Stock or other
shares of capital stock of the Corporation ranking junior to or on a parity
basis with the Series C Preferred Stock unless the Corporation could, pursuant
to paragraph (i) above, make such distribution or purchase or otherwise acquire
such shares at such time and in such manner.

     4.6 Powers, Preferences and Rights of the Series D Preferred Stock.

     (a) General. The powers, preferences and rights of the Series D Preferred
Stock, and the qualifications, limitations, and restrictions thereof, shall be
identical to those of the Series C Preferred Stock, except that (i) the Series D
Preferred Stock shall rank with respect to the other series and classes of
capital stock of the Corporation as provided in paragraph (b) below, (ii) the
shares of Series D Preferred Stock shall be subject to redemption, pro rata with
the Series C Preferred Stock, in accordance with Section 4.5(e), and (iii) the
words "Series D Preferred Stock" and "Series C Preferred Stock" shall be
substituted for all references in Section 4.5 to Series C Preferred Stock and
Series D Preferred Stock, respectively.

     (b) Ranking. The Series D Preferred Stock shall rank (i) junior to the
Series A Preferred Stock and the Series B Preferred Stock with respect to the
payment of dividends and the distribution of assets on liquidation, dissolution
or winding up, (ii) senior to the Series C Preferred Stock with respect to the
distribution of assets on a Statutory Liquidation, (iii) on a parity with the
Series C Preferred Stock with respect to the distribution of assets on
liquidation, dissolution or winding up (other than on a Statutory Liquidation),
(iv) on a parity with the Series C Preferred Stock and the Common Stock with
respect to the payment of dividends, and (v) senior to the Common Stock and any
series or class of the Corporation's common or preferred stock, now or hereafter
authorized (other than Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock or

                                      -17-
<PAGE>

Series C Preferred Stock), with respect to the distribution of assets on
liquidation, dissolution and winding up.

     4.7 Powers, Preferences and Rights of the Series E Preferred Stock. The
powers, preferences and rights of the Series E Preferred Stock, and the
qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof, shall be identical to
those of the Series C Preferred Stock, except that (a) the Series E Preferred
Stock shall rank, with respect to the payment of dividends and the distribution
of assets on liquidation, dissolution or winding up, (i) junior to the Series A
Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock, Series C Preferred Stock and Series D
Preferred Stock and (ii) senior to the Series F Preferred Stock and the Common
Stock and any series or class of the Corporation's common or preferred stock,
now or hereafter authorized (other than the Series A Preferred Stock, Series B
Preferred Stock, Series C Preferred Stock or Series D Preferred Stock), (b) the
provisos to Section 4.5(e)(i) shall not apply to a redemption of the Series E
Preferred Stock, and (c) the words "Series E Preferred Stock" and "Series C
Preferred Stock" shall be substituted for all references in Section 4.5 to
Series C Preferred Stock and Series E Preferred Stock, respectively.

     4.8 Powers, Preferences and Rights of the Series F Preferred Stock. The
powers, preferences and rights of the Series F Preferred Stock, and the
qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof are as follows:

     (a) Ranking. The Series F Preferred Stock shall rank (i) junior to the
Series A Preferred Stock, the Series B Preferred Stock, the Series C Preferred
Stock, the Series D Preferred Stock and the Series E Preferred Stock with
respect to the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets on
liquidation, dissolution or winding up, (ii) on a parity with the Common Stock
with respect to the distribution of assets on liquidation, dissolution or
winding up (other than on a Statutory Liquidation), (iii) senior to the Common
Stock with respect to the distribution of assets on a Statutory Liquidation (iv
on a parity with the Common Stock with respect to the payment of dividends, and
(v) senior to any series or class of the Corporation's common or preferred stock
hereafter authorized (other than Series A Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred
Stock, Series C Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred
Stock, or Common Stock), with respect to the payment of dividends and the
distribution of assets on liquidation, dissolution and winding up.

     (b) Dividends. Holders of Series F Preferred Stock shall be entitled to
dividends in cash or property when, as and if, declared by the Board of
Directors of the Corporation.

     (c) Liquidation Preference.

     (i) In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the
Corporation, the holders of Series F Preferred Stock shall be entitled to
receive out of the assets of the Corporation, whether such assets are capital or
surplus of any nature, after payment is made to holders of all series of
preferred stock ranking senior to the Series F Preferred Stock with respect to
rights on liquidation, dissolution or winding up, but



                                      -18-
<PAGE>

before any payment shall be made or any assets distributed to the holders of
Common Stock or any series of preferred stock ranking junior to the Series F
Preferred Stock with respect to rights on liquidation, dissolution or winding
up, an amount equal to the Liquidation Preference and no more.

     (ii) If upon any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation
the assets of the Corporation to be distributed are insufficient to permit the
payment to all holders of Series F Preferred Stock and any other series of
preferred stock ranking on a parity with Series F Preferred Stock with respect
to rights on liquidation, dissolution or winding up, to receive their full
preferential amounts, the entire assets of the Corporation shall be distributed
among the holders of Series F Preferred Stock and all such other series ratably
in accordance with their respective Liquidation Preference.

     (iii) After payment to the holders of Series F Preferred Stock of the
amounts set forth in paragraph (i) above, the entire remaining assets and funds
of the Corporation legally available for distribution, if any, shall be
distributed among the holders of the Participating Stock in proportion to the
shares of Participating Stock then held by them as of the date of the
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation.

     (iv) Neither the consolidation or merger of the Corporation with or into
any other Person nor the sale or other distribution to another Person of all or
substantially all the assets, property or business of the Corporation, shall be
deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation for
purposes of this Section 4.8(c).

     (d) Voting Rights.

     (i) The holders of shares of Series F Preferred Stock shall not have any
right to vote on any matters to be voted on by the stockholders of the
Corporation, except as otherwise provided in paragraph (ii) below or as provided
by law, and the shares of Series F Preferred Stock shall not be included in
determining the number of shares voting or entitled to vote on any such matters
(other than the matters described in paragraph (ii) below or as otherwise
required by law).

     (ii) The affirmative vote of holders of not less than a majority of Series
F Preferred Stock shall be required to (A) authorize, increase the authorized
number of shares of or issue (including on conversion or exchange of any
convertible or exchangeable securities or by reclassification) any shares of any
class or classes of stock ranking senior to or pari passu with the Series F
Preferred Stock or any additional shares of Series F Preferred Stock, (B)
authorize, adopt or approve each amendment to this Amended and Restated
Certificate of Incorporation that would increase or decrease the par value of
the shares of Series F Preferred Stock, alter or change the powers, preferences
or rights of the shares of Series F Preferred Stock or alter or change the
powers, preferences or rights of any other capital stock of the Corporation if
such alteration or change results in such capital stock ranking senior to or
pari passu with the Series F Preferred Stock, (C) amend, alter or repeal any
provision of this Amended and



                                      -19-
<PAGE>

Restated Certificate of Incorporation so as to affect the shares of Series F
Preferred Stock adversely, or (D) authorize or issue any security convertible
into, exchangeable for or evidencing the right to purchase or otherwise receive
any shares of any class or classes of stock senior to or pari passu with the
Series F Preferred Stock.

     (e) Conversion. The shares of Series F Preferred Stock shall be convertible
into shares of Common Stock as follows:

     (i) Optional Conversion. Each share of Series F Preferred Stock shall be
convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at any time and from time to
time, into one fully paid and non-assessable share of Non-Tracked Common Stock;
provided that, unless and until the Tracked Common Stock shall be convertible
into Class A Common Stock in accordance with Section 4.9(e)(i), each of the
first 195,062.43 shares of Series F Preferred Stock converted pursuant to this
paragraph shall be convertible into one fully paid and non-assessable share of
Class D Common Stock.

     (ii) Mechanics of Optional Conversion. In order for a holder of Series F
Preferred Stock to convert such shares into shares of Common Stock, such holder
shall surrender the certificate(s) for such shares of Series F Preferred Stock
at the office of the transfer agent for the Series F Preferred Stock (or if the
Corporation serves as its own transfer agent, at the principal office of the
Corporation), together with written notice that such holder elects to convert
all or any number of the shares of the Series F Preferred Stock represented by
such certificate(s). If required by the Corporation, certificates surrendered
for conversion shall be endorsed or accompanied by a written instrument or
instruments of transfer, in form satisfactory to the Corporation, duly executed
by the registered holder or his or its attorney duly authorized in writing. The
date of receipt of such certificates and notice by the transfer agent (or by the
Corporation if the Corporation serves as its own transfer agent) shall be the
conversion date (the "Optional Conversion Date"). The Corporation shall, within
ten Business Days after the Optional Conversion Date, issue and deliver at such
office to such holder of Series F Preferred Stock, or to his or its nominees,
one or more certificates for the number of whole shares of Common Stock (and any
shares of Series F Preferred Stock represented by the certificate delivered to
the Corporation by the holder thereof that are not converted into Common Stock)
issuable upon such conversion in accordance with the provisions hereof.

     (iii) Reservation of Shares. The Corporation shall at all times when the
Series F Preferred Stock shall be outstanding, reserve and keep available out of
its authorized but unissued stock, for the purpose of effecting the conversion
of the Series F Preferred Stock, such number of its duly authorized shares of
Common Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion
of all outstanding shares of Series F Preferred Stock. Before taking any action
which would cause Common Stock upon the conversion of Series F Preferred Stock,
to be issued below the then par value of the shares of Common Stock the
Corporation will take any corporate action that may, in the opinion of its
counsel, be necessary in order that the Corporation may validly and legally
issue fully



                                      -20-
<PAGE>

paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock, as the case may be, to the
holders of Series F Preferred Stock.

     (iv) Adjustments for Dividends. Upon any conversion of Series F Preferred
Stock, no adjustment to the conversion ratio shall be made for declared and
unpaid dividends on the Series F Preferred Stock surrendered for conversion or
on the Common Stock delivered upon conversion.

     (v) Termination of Rights. All shares of Series F Preferred Stock which
shall have been surrendered for conversion as herein provided shall no longer be
deemed to be outstanding and all rights with respect to such shares, including
the rights, if any, to receive notices and to vote, shall immediately cease and
terminate on the Optional Conversion Date, except only the right of the holders
thereof to receive shares of Common Stock in exchange therefor and payment of
any declared and unpaid dividends thereon. On and as of the Optional Conversion
Date, the shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion shall be deemed
to be outstanding, and the holder thereof shall be entitled to exercise and
enjoy all rights with respect to such shares of Common Stock including the
rights, if any, to receive notices and to vote. Shares of Series F Preferred
Stock converted into Common Stock will be restored to the status of authorized
but unissued shares of Common Stock or preferred stock without designation as to
class or series, and may thereafter be issued, whether or not designated as
shares of Class A Common Stock or Series F Preferred Stock.

     (vi) No Conversion Charge or Tax. The issuance and delivery of certificates
for shares of Common Stock upon the conversion of shares of Series F Preferred
Stock shall be made without charge to the holder of shares of Series F Preferred
Stock for any issue or transfer tax, or other incidental expense in respect of
the issuance or delivery of such certificates or the securities represented
thereby, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Corporation.

     (vii) Reorganization, Reclassification and Merger Adjustment. If there
occurs any capital reorganization or any reclassification of the Common Stock of
the Corporation, the consolidation or merger of the Corporation with or into
another Person (other than a merger or consolidation of the Corporation in which
the Corporation is the continuing corporation and which does not result in any
reclassification or change of outstanding shares of its Common Stock) or the
sale or conveyance of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation
to another Person, then each share of Series F Preferred Stock shall thereafter
be convertible into the same kind and amounts of securities (including shares of
stock) or other assets, or both, which were issuable or distributable to the
holders of outstanding Common Stock of the Corporation upon such reorganization,
reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale or conveyance, in respect of that
number of shares of Common Stock into which such share of Series F Preferred
Stock might have been converted immediately prior to such reorganization,
reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale or conveyance; and, in any such
case,



                                      -21-
<PAGE>

appropriate adjustments (as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors
of the Corporation, whose determination shall be conclusive) shall be made to
assure that the provisions set forth herein shall thereafter be applicable, as
nearly as reasonably may be practicable, in relation to any securities or other
assets thereafter deliverable upon the conversion of the Series F Preferred
Stock.

     (f) Certain Restrictions.

     (i) Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 4.8(b), cash dividends on
the Series F Preferred Stock may not be declared, paid or set apart for payment,
nor may the Corporation redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire any shares of
Series F Preferred Stock, if (A) the Corporation is not solvent or would be
rendered insolvent thereby or (B) at such time the terms and provisions of any
law or agreement of the Corporation, including any agreement relating to its
indebtedness, specifically prohibit such declaration, payment or setting apart
for payment or such redemption, purchase or other acquisition, or provide that
such declaration, payment or setting apart for payment or such redemption,
purchase or other acquisition would constitute a violation or breach thereof or
a default thereunder.

     (ii) The Corporation shall not permit any Subsidiary of the Corporation, or
cause any other Person, to make any distribution with respect to, or purchase or
otherwise acquire for consideration, any shares of Common Stock or other shares
of capital stock of the Corporation ranking junior to or on a parity basis with
the Series F Preferred Stock unless the Corporation could, pursuant to paragraph
(i) above, make such distribution or purchase or otherwise acquire such shares
at such time and in such manner.

     (g) Redemption. The Series F Preferred Stock is not redeemable.

     (h) Sinking Fund. There shall be no sinking fund for the payment of
dividends or Liquidation Preferences on the Series F Preferred Stock.

     4.9 Common Stock.

     (a) General. Except as otherwise provided herein, all shares of Common
Stock issued and outstanding shall be identical, and shall entitle the holders
thereof to the same rights, powers and privileges of stockholders under Delaware
law. For purposes of this Section 4.9 (and the definitions relating thereto),
the Class A Common Stock and the Class B Common Stock are herein collectively
referred to as the "Non-Tracked Common Stock" and the Class C Common Stock and
the Class D Common Stock are herein collectively referred to as the "Tracked
Common Stock".

     (b) Dividends. Subject to Section 4.10(b) and the express terms of any
outstanding series of Preferred Stock, dividends may be paid in cash or
otherwise with respect to each class of Common Stock out of the assets of the
Corporation, upon the



                                      -22-
<PAGE>

terms, and subject to the limitations, provided in this Section 4.9(b), as the
Board of Directors may determine.

     (i) Dividends on the Non-Tracked Common Stock. Dividends on the Non-Tracked
Common Stock may be declared and paid only out of the excess of (A) the funds of
the Corporation legally available therefor over (B) the Tracked Business
Available Dividend Amount (the "Non-Tracked Business Available Dividend
Amount").

     (ii) Dividends on Tracked Common Stock. Dividends on the Tracked Common
Stock may be declared and paid only out of the lesser of (A) the funds of the
Corporation legally available therefor and (B) the Tracked Business Available
Dividend Amount. The Corporation shall not declare or pay cash dividends on, or
redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration, any shares of Tracked
Common Stock unless concurrently therewith the Corporation shall declare or pay
cash dividends on, or redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration,
as the case may be, on the same terms, all shares of Tracked Common Stock
ratably in accordance with the number of shares of each class of Tracked Common
Stock then outstanding.

     (iii) Discrimination in Dividends Among the Tracked and Non-Tracked Common
Stock. The Board of Directors may at any time, subject to the provisions of
Sections 4.9(b)(i) and (ii) and Section 4.10, declare and pay dividends
exclusively on the Non-Tracked Common Stock, exclusively on the Tracked Common
Stock or on both such categories of Common Stock in equal or unequal amounts,
notwithstanding the relative amounts of the Non-Tracked Business Available
Dividend Amount and the Tracked Business Available Dividend Amount.

     (c) Voting.

     (i) The holders of shares of Common Stock shall be entitled to such voting
rights as hereinafter provided, and shall be entitled to notice of any
stockholders' meeting and to vote upon such matters as provided herein and in
the Bylaws of the Corporation, and as may be provided by law. Holders of any
class of Common Stock shall not be entitled to cumulate their votes for any
purpose. Except as otherwise required by law or provided herein, regardless of
the number of shares of any class of Common Stock then outstanding, each class
of Common Stock shall be entitled to the number of votes enumerated below and
the number of votes or fractional votes to which each share of a particular
class of Common Stock shall be entitled shall be the quotient determined by
dividing the aggregate number of votes to which such class of Common Stock is
entitled by the number of shares of such class of Common Stock then outstanding.
Except as otherwise required by law or provided herein, the Class A Common Stock
shall have 4,990,000 votes; the Class B Common Stock shall have no votes; the
Class C Common Stock shall have no votes; the Class D Common Stock shall have no
votes; and the Voting Preference Common Stock shall have 5,010,000 votes.


                                      -23-
<PAGE>

     (ii) A quorum for the transaction of business shall be present when a
majority of the shares of Voting Preference Common Stock outstanding as of the
record date are present and when shares of all classes of Common Stock with at
least 5,010,000 votes are present, except that (x) with respect to actions
requiring a majority vote of the Class A Common Stock, the presence of a
majority of the outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock shall also be
required for a quorum to be present, (y) with respect to actions requiring the
vote of a majority vote of the Class C Common Stock, the presence of a majority
of the outstanding shares of Class C Common Stock shall also be required for a
quorum to be present and (z) with respect to actions requiring the vote of a
majority vote of the Class D Common Stock, the presence of a majority of the
outstanding shares of Class D Common Stock shall also be required for a quorum
to be present. Except as otherwise required by law or provided herein, the
majority vote of the Voting Preference Common Stock present at any meeting at
which a quorum is present shall be sufficient to approve any action required to
be approved by the holders of the Common Stock.

     (iii) In any matter requiring a separate class vote of holders of any class
of Common Stock or a separate vote of two or more classes of Common Stock voting
together as a single class, for the purposes of such a class vote, each share of
Common Stock of such classes shall be entitled to one vote per share.

     (iv) In the event that the Corporation shall have received an opinion of
regulatory counsel of nationally recognized standing to the effect that the
rules, regulations or policies of the Federal Communications Commission (the
"FCC") permit the Class A Common Stock and the Voting Preference Common Stock
(x) to be voted as a single class on all matters, (y) to be treated as a single
class for purposes of all quorum requirements and (z) to have one vote per
share, then, unless the Board of Directors of the Corporation shall have
determined, within 30 days after the date of receipt of such opinion, that
obtaining the FCC consent described below would be reasonably expected to have a
significant detrimental effect on the Corporation, the Corporation shall, upon
the affirmative vote of 66-2/3% or more of the Class A Common Stock, seek
consent from the FCC to permit the Class A Common Stock and Voting Preference
Common Stock to vote and act as a single class in the manner described above.
From and after the date that such consent is obtained, the Class A Common Stock
and the Voting Preference Common Stock shall be voted as a single class on all
matters, shall be treated as a single class for purposes of all quorum
requirements, and shall have one vote per share; provided, that the voting
rights of the the Class B Common Stock, Class C Common Stock and Class D Common
Stock and the Preferred Stock shall remain unaffected.

     (v) The holders of shares of Class B Common Stock shall be entitled to vote
as a separate class on any amendment, repeal or modification of any provision of
this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation that adversely affects
the powers, preferences or special rights of the holders of the Class B Common
Stock.


                                      -24-
<PAGE>

     (d) Dissolution, Liquidation or Winding Up. Upon the dissolution,
liquidation or winding up of the Corporation, after any preferential amounts to
be distributed to the holders of the Preferred Stock and any other class or
series of stock having a preference over the Common Stock then outstanding have
been paid or declared and funds sufficient for the payment thereof in full set
apart for payment, (i) the holders of the Tracked Common Stock shall be entitled
to receive pro rata the Tracked Business Available Liquidation Amount and (ii)
the holders of the Non-Tracked Common Stock shall be entitled to receive pro
rata the excess of (A) all the remaining assets of the Corporation available for
distribution to its stockholders over (B) the Tracked Business Available
Liquidation Amount.

     (e) Conversion.

     (i) Each share of Class B Common Stock may, at the option of the holder
thereof, at any time, be converted into one fully paid and non-assessable share
of Class A Common Stock.

     (ii) Each share of Class A Common Stock may, at the option of the holder
thereof, at any time, be converted into one fully paid and non-assessable share
of Class B Common Stock.

     (iii) In the event that the Corporation shall have received an opinion of
regulatory counsel of nationally recognized standing to the effect that the
rules, regulations or policies of the FCC permit the conversion of shares of
Tracked Common Stock into Class A Common Stock or Class B Common Stock, then,
unless the Board of Directors of the Corporation shall have determined, within
30 days after receipt of such opinion, that permitting such conversion would be
reasonably expected to have a significant detrimental effect on the Corporation,
shares of Class C Common Stock and Class D Common Stock shall, upon the
affirmative vote of 66-2/3% or more of the Class A Common Stock, be convertible
as follows: (x) each share of Class C Common Stock may, at the option of the
holder thereof, be converted into one fully paid and non-assessable share of
Class A Common Stock or or Class B Common Stock, and (y) each share of Class D
Common Stock may, at the option of the holder thereof, be converted into one
fully paid and non-assessable share of Class A Common Stock or Class B Common
Stock.

     4.10 Participating Stock.

     (a) Changes in Capital Stock. The Corporation shall not effect any change
in or reclassification of any class or series of the outstanding Participating
Stock, whether through stock dividends, stock splits, reverse stock splits,
combinations or otherwise, without the payment to the Corporation of any
consideration therefor in money, services or property, unless concurrently
therewith the Corporation shall effect a corresponding change in each other
class and series of the outstanding Participating Stock.


                                      -25-
<PAGE>

     (b) Dividends and Distributions. The Corporation shall not declare or pay
cash dividends on, or redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire for consideration,
any shares of Participating Stock unless concurrently therewith the Corporation
shall declare or pay cash dividends on, or redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire
for consideration, as the case may be, on the same terms, all shares of
Participating Stock ratably in accordance with the number of shares of each
class and series of Participating Stock then outstanding.

     (c) Notices. Any written notice or communication by the Corporation to
holders of any class or series of Participating Stock shall be sent to all
holders of Participating Stock.

     4.11 Exchange of Capital Stock. Notwithstanding any other provision of this
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to the contrary, in the event
that AT&T Wireless PCS, LLC terminates its obligations under Section 8.6 of the
Stockholders Agreement pursuant to Section 8.8(c) thereof with respect to any
Overlap Territory (as defined therein) (any such termination being referred to
hereinafter as the "Exchange Event"), the following provisions shall apply:

     (a) Right to Exchange. The Corporation shall have the right, exercisable in
its sole discretion by written notice (the "Exchange Notice") given to the
Initial Holders and Section 4.11 Transfers within 60 days after the Exchange
Event, to:

     (i) require the Initial Holders and each Section 4.11 Transferee to
exchange for an equivalent number of shares of Series B Preferred Stock either
(A) all of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock then owned by the Initial
Holders and each Section 4.11 Transferee or (B) a number of shares of Series A
Preferred Stock then owned by each such holder equal to the product of (x) the
number of shares of Series A Preferred Stock then owned by such holder
multiplied by (y) a fraction, the numerator of which is equal to the number of
POPs (as defined in the Stockholders Agreement) in the Overlap Territory and the
denominator of which is equal to the total number of POPs in the Territory (as
defined in the Stockholders Agreement); and

     (ii) require the Initial Holders and each Section 4.11 Transferee to
exchange, for a number of shares of Series B Preferred Stock determined in
accordance with paragraph (b) below, either (A) all of the shares of Series D
Preferred Stock, Series F Preferred Stock and Common Stock owned by the Initial
Holder on July 17, 1998 (or shares of Common Stock into which such shares of
Series D Preferred Stock, and Series F Preferred Stock shall have been
converted) and that the Initial Holders or a Section 4.11 Transferee continues
to own on the date of delivery of the Exchange Notice (any such shares of Series
D Preferred Stock, Series F Preferred Stock or Common Stock being referred to
hereinafter collectively as "Original Shares") or (B) a number of Original
Shares of Series D Preferred Stock, Series F Preferred Stock and Common Stock
equal to the product of (x) the number of Original Shares of Series D Preferred
Stock, Series F Preferred Stock and Common Stock, as the case may be, then owned
by each such holder, multiplied by (y) a fraction, the numerator of which is
equal to the number



                                      -26-
<PAGE>

of POPs in the Overlap Territory and the denominator of which is equal to the
total number of POPs in the Territory; provided, that (x) if the Corporation
exercises its right under clause (i)(A) of this paragraph (a), it shall be
required to exercise its right under clause (ii)(A) of this paragraph (a), and
vice-versa; and if the Corporation exercises its right under clause (i)(B) of
this paragraph (a), it shall be required to exercise its right under clause
(ii)(B) of this paragraph (a), and vice-versa and (y) the provisions of this
Section 4.11(a) shall not apply to any Section 4.11 Transferee which is a Cash
Equity Investor.

     (Shares of Series A Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series F
Preferred Stock and Series G Preferred Stock (and shares of Common Stock into
which such shares shall have been converted) and shares of Common Stock subject
to exchange pursuant to this Section 4.11 are hereinafter referred to
collectively as "Exchange Shares.")

     (b) Number of Shares of Series B Preferred Stock Issuable in Exchange. The
number of shares of Series B Preferred Stock issuable in exchange for Original
Shares pursuant to clause (ii) of paragraph (a) above shall be equal to the
quotient of the aggregate purchase price paid by the Initial Holders for the
Original Shares being exchanged, divided by $1,000.

     (c) Fractional Shares. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Amended
and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the Corporation shall not be required
to issue fractions of shares upon exchange of any Exchange Shares or to
distribute certificates which evidence fractional shares. In lieu of fractional
shares, the Corporation may pay therefor, at the time of any exchange of
Exchange Shares as herein provided, an amount in cash equal to such fraction
multiplied by the Market Price of a share of Common Stock on such date.

     (d) Mechanics of Exchange. The Exchange Notice shall specify the date fixed
for the exchange (the "Exchange Date"), which shall be at least ten but no more
than 60 days following delivery of the Exchange Notice, and the place designated
for exchange of the Exchange Shares pursuant to this Section 4.11. Such notice
will be sent by first class or registered mail, postage prepaid, to the Initial
Holders and each Section 4.11 Transferee at such holder's address last shown on
the records of the transfer agent for the Exchange Shares (or the records of the
Corporation if it serves as its own transfer agent). On or before the Exchange
Date, the Initial Holders and each Section 4.11 Transferee shall surrender its
certificate or certificates for all such shares to the Corporation at the place
designated in such notice. If required by the Corporation, certificates
surrendered for exchange shall be endorsed or accompanied by a written
instrument or instruments of transfer, in form satisfactory to the Corporation,
duly executed by the Initial Holders and each Section 4.11 Transferee or its
attorney duly authorized in writing.

     (e) Termination of Rights. On and after the Exchange Date (whether or not
the applicable certificates have theretofore been surrendered), all rights with
respect to the Exchange Shares, including the rights, if any, to receive notices
and to vote, will



                                      -27-
<PAGE>

terminate, except only the rights of the Initial Holders and Section 4.11
Transferees to receive certificates for the number of shares of Series B
Preferred Stock into which such Exchange Shares have been exchanged, upon
surrender of its certificate or certificates therefor, and payment of any
declared but unpaid dividends thereon (which shall accrue and be payable at the
times and on the other terms applicable to such dividends when declared) and
payment of any deferred dividends in respect of Series A Preferred Stock which
shall be payable as set forth in Section 4.3(b)(iii). Within ten Business Days
after the Exchange Date, the Corporation shall issue and deliver to the Initial
Holders and each Section 4.11 Transferee, or on its written order to its
nominees, a certificate or certificates for the number of whole shares of Series
B Preferred Stock issuable upon such exchange in accordance with the provisions
hereof, together with cash in lieu of fractional shares calculated in accordance
with paragraph (c) of this Section 4.11.

     (f) Reservation of Shares. The Corporation shall at all times reserve and
keep available for issuance upon the exchange of Exchange Shares the maximum
number of its authorized but unissued shares of Series B Preferred Stock as is
reasonably anticipated to be sufficient to permit the exchange of all
outstanding Exchange Shares, and shall take all action required to increase the
authorized number of shares of Series B Preferred Stock if at any time there
shall be insufficient authorized but unissued shares of Series B Preferred Stock
to permit such reservation or to permit the exchange of all outstanding Exchange
Shares.

     (g) Adjustments for Dividends. Upon any exchange of Exchange Shares, no
adjustment to the rate of conversion shall be made for accrued and unpaid
dividends (whether or not declared) on the Exchange Shares, as the case may be,
surrendered for exchange or on the Series B Preferred Stock delivered upon
exchange.

     (h) No Exchange Charge or Tax. The issuance and delivery of certificates
for shares of Series B Preferred Stock upon the exchange of Exchange Shares
shall be made without charge to the Initial Holder for any issue or transfer
tax, or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance or delivery of such
certificates or the securities represented thereby, all of which taxes and
expenses shall be paid by the Corporation.

     4.12 Redemption of Capital Stock; FCC Approval.

     (a) Redemption. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Amended and
Restated Certificate of Incorporation to the contrary, outstanding shares of
capital stock of the Corporation held by Disqualified Holders shall always be
subject to redemption by the Corporation, by action of the Board of Directors,
if, in the judgment of the Board of Directors, such action should be taken,
pursuant to Section 151(b) of the GCL or any other applicable provision of law,
to the extent necessary to prevent the loss or secure the reinstatement of any
license or franchise from any governmental agency held by the Corporation or any
of its subsidiaries to conduct any portion of the business of the Corporation or
any of its subsidiaries, which license or franchise is conditioned upon



                                      -28-
<PAGE>

some or all of the holders of the Corporation's stock possessing prescribed
qualifications. The terms and conditions of such redemption shall be as follows:

     (i) the redemption price of the shares to be redeemed pursuant to this
Section 4.12 shall be equal to the lesser of (x) the Market Price or (y) if such
stock was purchased by such Disqualified Holder within one year of the Section
4.12 Redemption Date, such Disqualified Holder's purchase price for such shares;

     (ii) the redemption price of such shares may be paid in cash, Redemption
Securities or any combination thereof;

     (iii) if less than all the shares held by Disqualified Holders are to be
redeemed, the shares to be redeemed shall be selected in such manner as shall be
determined by the Board of Directors, which may include selection first of the
most recently purchased shares thereof, selection by lot or selection in any
other manner determined by the Board of Directors;

     (iv) at least 30 days' written notice of the Section 4.12 Redemption Date
shall be given to the record holders of the shares selected to be redeemed
(unless waived in writing by any such holder); provided, however, that only 10
days' written notice of the Redemption Date shall be given to record holders if
the cash or Redemption Securities necessary to effect the redemption shall have
been deposited in trust for the benefit of such record holders and subject to
immediate withdrawal by them upon surrender of the stock certificates for their
shares to be redeemed; provided, further, that the record holders of the shares
selected to be redeemed may transfer such shares prior to the Section 4.12
Redemption Date to any holder that is not a Disqualified Holder and, thereafter,
for so long as such shares are not held by a Disqualified Holder, such shares
shall not be subject to redemption by the Corporation;

     (v) from and after the Section 4.12 Redemption Date, any and all rights of
whatever nature (including without limitation any rights to vote or participate
in dividends declared on stock of the same class or series as such shares) with
respect to the shares selected from redemption held by Disqualified Holders on
the Section 4.12 Redemption Date shall cease and terminate and such Disqualified
Holders thenceforth shall be entitled only to receive the cash or Redemption
Securities payable upon redemption; and

     (vi) such other terms and conditions as the Board of Directors shall
determine.

     (b) FCC Approval. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if
Federal Communications Commission or other regulatory approval is required to be
obtained prior to the conversion of shares of any series or class of Preferred
Stock or Common Stock, the holder thereof may nevertheless elect to convert any
or all of its shares by written notice given to the Corporation in accordance
with the applicable provision hereof, provided, that such conversion shall not
become effective until the close of



                                      -29-
<PAGE>

business on the date of the receipt of the last of any such approvals and of the
surrender of the certificates representing the shares of the applicable
Preferred Stock or Common Stock to be converted, and the rights of the holder
thereof shall continue in full force and effect pending the receipt of all such
approvals, except that, in the case of the Series A Preferred Stock, no
dividends shall be payable in respect of the period following the Series A
Conversion Date, unless the required approvals are not obtained and the
conversion has not been effected within one year of the Series A Conversion Date
and the applicable conversion notice is withdrawn, in which event the obligation
to pay dividends from and after the Series A Conversion Date shall be payable in
accordance with the terms of Section 4.3(b).

     4.13 Definitions. For the purposes of this Amended and Restated Certificate
of Incorporation, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated:

     "Affiliate" means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that
directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is
controlled by or is under common control with that Person. For purposes of this
definition, "control" (including the terms "controlling" and "controlled") means
the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a
Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of securities or
partnership or other ownership interests, by contract or otherwise.

     "Appraisal Procedure" means the following procedure for determining the
Market Price, for the purpose of calculating the Series A Conversion Rate, in
the event that the shares of Class A Common Stock are not listed or admitted for
trading on any national securities exchange and are not quoted on NASDAQ or any
similar service:

     (i) Two independent accounting or investment banking firms of nationally
recognized standing (each, an "Appraiser"), one chosen by the Corporation and
one by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred
Stock, shall each determine and attempt to mutually agree upon, the Market
Price. Each party shall deliver a notice to the other appointing its Appraiser
within 15 days after the applicable notice and surrender pursuant to Section
4.3(iv). If either the Corporation or such holders fail to appoint an appraiser
within such 15-day period, the Market Price shall be determined by the Appraiser
that has been so appointed.

     (ii) If within 30 days after appointment of the two Appraisers they are
unable to agree upon the Market Price, an independent accounting or investment
banking firm of nationally recognized standing shall within ten days thereafter
be chosen to serve as a third Appraiser by the mutual consent of such first two
Appraisers. The determination of the Market Price by the third Appraiser so
appointed and chosen shall be made within 30 days after the selection of such
third Appraiser.

     (iii) If three Appraisers shall be appointed and the determination of one
Appraiser is disparate from the middle determination by more than twice the
amount by which the other determination is disparate from the middle
determination, then the



                                      -30-
<PAGE>

determination of such Appraiser shall be excluded, the remaining two
determinations shall be averaged, and such average shall be binding and
conclusive on the Corporation and the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock;
otherwise the average of all three determinations shall be binding and
conclusive on the Corporation and the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock.

     (iv) In connection with any appraisal conducted pursuant to this Appraisal
Procedure, the Appraiser shall adhere to the guidelines provided in the
definition of "Market Price" set forth below, including the proviso thereto.

     (v) The fees and expenses of each Appraiser shall be borne by the
Corporation.

     "Board of Directors" has the meaning specified in Section 4.2(a).

     "Business Day" shall mean any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other
day on which commercial banks in the City of New York are authorized or required
by law or executive order to close.

     "Class A Common Stock" has the meaning specified in Section 4.1.

     "Class B Common Stock" has the meaning specified in Section 4.1.

     "Class C Common Stock" has the meaning specified in Section 4.1.

     "Class D Common Stock" has the meaning specified in Section 4.1.

     "Closing Price" shall mean, with respect to each share of any class or
series of capital stock for any day, (i) the last reported sale price regular
way or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the average of the closing
bid and asked prices regular way, in either case as reported on the principal
national securities exchange on which such class or series of capital stock is
listed or admitted for trading or (ii) if such class or series of capital stock
is not listed or admitted for trading on any national securities exchange, the
last reported sale price or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the
average of the highest reported bid and the lowest reported asked quotation for
such class or series of capital stock, in either case as reported on NASDAQ or a
similar service if NASDAQ is no longer reporting such information.

     "Common Stock" has the meaning specified in Section 4.1.

     "Disqualified Holder" shall mean any holder of shares of capital stock of
the Corporation whose holding of such stock, either individually or when taken
together with the holding of shares of capital stock of the Corporation by any
other holders, may result, in the judgment of the Board of Directors, in the
loss of, or the failure to secure the reinstatement of, any license or franchise
from any governmental agency held by the Corporation or any of its



                                      -31-
<PAGE>

subsidiaries or affiliates to conduct any portion of the business of the
Corporation or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates.

     "Dividend Payment Date" shall mean the last day of each March, June,
September and December, except that if any Dividend Payment Date is not a
Business Day, then the next succeeding Business Day shall be the Dividend
Payment Date.

     "Fully Diluted Basis" shall mean, with respect to the outstanding shares of
Common Stock, the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding assuming the
conversion of all outstanding convertible securities (other than the Series A
Preferred Stock) and the exercise of all outstanding warrants, options or other
rights to subscribe for or purchase any shares of Common Stock.

     "Initial Holder" means AT&T Wireless PCS, LLC, a Delaware limited liability
company, TWR Cellular, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and/or any of their
respective Affiliates that is a Subsidiary of AT&T Corp.

     "Invested Amount" means, as of any date with respect to each share of
Series C Preferred Stock held by any stockholder, an amount equal to the
quotient of (i) the aggregate paid-in capital actually paid with respect to all
shares of Series C Preferred Stock held by such stockholder as of such date
divided by (ii) the total number of shares of Series C Preferred Stock held by
such stockholder.

     "Junior Stock" shall mean, with respect to shares of Series A Preferred
Stock or Series B Preferred Stock, any capital stock of the Corporation,
including without limitation the Series C Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred
Stock, Series E Preferred Stock, Series F Preferred Stock, Series G Preferred
Stock and the Common Stock, ranking junior to the Series A Preferred Stock or
Series B Preferred Stock, as the case may be, with respect to dividends,
distribution in liquidation or any other preference, right or power.

     "Liquidation Preference" shall mean, as of any date, and subject to
adjustment for subdivisions or combinations affecting the number of shares of
the applicable series of Preferred Stock:

     (i) with respect to each share of Series A Preferred Stock and Series B
Preferred Stock, $1,000 plus accrued and unpaid dividends thereon;

     (ii) with respect to each share of Series C Preferred Stock, the Invested
Amount plus accrued and unpaid dividends on such share (if any), plus an amount
equal to interest on the Invested Amount at the rate of six percent (6%) per
annum, compounded quarterly, less the amount of dividends (if any) theretofore
declared and paid in respect of such share;

     (iii) with respect to each share of Series D Preferred Stock, $1,000 plus
accrued and unpaid dividends thereon (if any), plus an amount equal to interest
on $1,000



                                      -32-
<PAGE>

at the rate of six percent (6%) per annum, compounded quarterly, from the date
of issuance of such share to and including the date of the calculation, less the
amount of dividends (if any) theretofore declared and paid in respect of such
share;

     (iv) with respect to each share of Series E Preferred Stock, accrued and
unpaid dividends thereon (if any), plus an amount equal to interest on $1,000 at
the rate of six percent (6%) per annum, compounded quarterly, from the date of
issuance of such share to and including the date of the calculation, less the
amount of dividends (if any) theretofore declared and paid in respect of such
share; and

     (v) with respect to each share of Series F Preferred Stock, $.000032 plus
accrued and unpaid dividends thereon.

     "Market Price" shall mean, with respect to each share of any class or
series of capital stock for any day, (i) the average of the daily Closing Prices
for the ten consecutive trading days commencing 15 days before the day in
question or (ii) if on such date the shares of such class or series of capital
stock are not listed or admitted for trading on any national securities exchange
and are not quoted on NASDAQ or any similar service, the cash amount that a
willing buyer would pay a willing seller (neither acting under compulsion) in an
arm's-length transaction without time constraints per share of such class or
series of capital stock as of such date, viewing the Corporation on a going
concern basis, as determined (A) in the case of a determination of "Market
Price" for the purpose of calculating the Series A Conversion Rate, pursuant to
the Appraisal Procedure and (B) in the case of a determination of Market Price
for any other purpose, in good faith by the Board of Directors, whose
determination shall be conclusive; provided that, in determining such cash
amount, the following shall be ignored: (i) any contract or legal limitation in
respect of shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock, including transfer, voting
and other rights, (ii) the "minority interest" or "control" status of shares of
Common Stock into which shares of Series A Preferred Stock would be converted,
and (iii) any illiquidity arising by contract in respect of the shares of Common
Stock and any voting rights or control rights amongst the stockholders.

     "NASDAQ" shall mean the National Association of Securities Dealers
Automated Quotations System.

     "Non-Tracked Common Stock" has the meaning specified in Section 4.9(a).

     "Non-Tracked Business Available Dividend Amount" has the meaning specified
in Section 4.9(b)(i).

     "Optional Conversion Date" has the meaning specified in 4.8(e)(ii).

     "Parity Stock" shall mean, with respect to shares of Series A Preferred
Stock or Series B Preferred Stock, any capital stock of the Corporation ranking
on a parity with the Series A Preferred Stock or Series B Preferred Stock, as
the case may be, with respect to dividends, distribution in liquidation or any
other preference, right or power.


                                      -33-
<PAGE>

     "Participating Stock" shall mean, collectively, the Series F Preferred
Stock and the Non-Tracked Common Stock.

     "Person" shall mean any individual, firm, corporation, partnership, trust,
incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, joint stock company,
governmental agency or political subdivision thereof or other entity of any
kind, and shall include any successor (by merger or otherwise) of such entity.

     "Preferred Stock" has the meaning specified in Section 4.1.

     "Qualified Transfer" shall mean a sale, transfer or other disposition of
shares of Series A Preferred Stock to any prospective transferee specified in a
Qualified Transfer Notice, other than a prospective transferee as to which the
Corporation disapproves in accordance with the terms of the second sentence of
Section 4.3(j), provided such sale, transfer or other disposition is made
pursuant to a binding agreement entered into no later than 180 days after the
applicable Qualified Transfer Notice is given.

     "Qualified Transferee" shall mean, with respect to any shares of Series A
Preferred Stock, (i) any Cash Equity Investor that acquired such shares pursuant
to Section 4.2 of the Stockholders Agreement or (ii) any other holder that
acquired such shares in a Qualified Transfer from an Initial Holders or
Qualified Transferee.

     "Qualified Transfer Notice" has the meaning specified in Section 4.3(i)(x).

     "Redemption Securities" shall mean any debt or equity securities of the
Corporation, any of its subsidiaries or affiliates or any other corporation, or
any combination thereof, having such terms and conditions as shall be approved
by the Board of Directors and which, together with any cash to be paid as part
of the redemption price payable pursuant to Section 4.12, in the opinion of any
nationally recognized investment banking firm selected by the Board of Directors
(which may be a firm which provides investment banking, brokerage or other
services to the Corporation), has a value, at the time notice of redemption is
given pursuant to Section 4.12(d) at least equal to the price required to be
paid pursuant to Section 4.12(a) (assuming, in the case of Redemption Securities
to be publicly traded, that such Redemption Securities were fully distributed
and subject only to normal trading activity).

     "Section 4.11 Transferee" shall mean any transferee of shares of Series A
Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock issued to
the Initial Holder on July 17, 1998 (or any shares of Common Stock into which
any such shares are converted) that are acquired in a private transaction.

     "Section 4.12 Redemption Date" shall mean the date fixed by the Board of
Directors for the redemption of any shares of stock of the Corporation pursuant
to Section 4.12.

     "Senior Stock" shall mean, with respect to shares of Series A Preferred
Stock or Series B Preferred Stock, as the case may be, any capital stock of the
Corporation ranking senior



                                      -34-
<PAGE>

to the Series A Preferred Stock or the Series B Preferred Stock, as the case may
be, with respect to dividends, distribution in liquidation or any other
preference, right or power.

     "Series A Conversion Date" has the meaning specified in Section 4.3(i)(iv).

     "Series A Conversion Rate" shall mean, as of any date of determination, a
fraction in which the numerator is the Liquidation Preference of one share of
Series A Preferred Stock as of such date, and the denominator is the Market
Price of Class A Common Stock as of such date.

     "Series A Preferred Stock" has the meaning specified in Section 4.1.

     "Series A Redemption Price" has the meaning specified in Section 4.3(e)(i).

     "Series B Preferred Stock" has the meaning specified in Section 4.1.

     "Series C Preferred Stock" has the meaning specified in Section 4.1.

     "Series D Preferred Stock" has the meaning specified in Section 4.1.

     "Series E Preferred Stock" has the meaning specified in Section 4.1.

     "Series F Preferred Stock" has the meaning specified in Section 4.1.

     "Statutory Liquidation" means the liquidation of the Corporation pursuant
to Section 275 of the GCL, as amended.

     "Stockholders Agreement" means the July 1998 Stockholders Agreement by and
among the Corporation, the Initial Holders and the other stockholders of the
Corporation named therein, as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented
in accordance with the terms thereof, a copy of which is available for
inspection by any stockholder at the principal executive offices of the
Corporation.

     "Subsidiary" shall mean, with respect to any Person, a corporation or other
entity of which 50% or more of the voting power of the voting equity securities
or equity interest is owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person.

     "Tracked Business Available Dividend Amount" shall mean, on any date, the
excess (if any) of (i) the fair market value of the total assets of Tracked
Subsidiary (including, without limitation, investments held by Tracked
Subsidiary), less the total amount of the liabilities of Tracked Subsidiary, in
each case as of such date determined in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, over (ii) the aggregate par value of, or any greater
amount determined in accordance with GCL to be capital in respect of, all
outstanding shares of the Tracked Common Stock.



                                      -35-
<PAGE>

     "Tracked Business Available Liquidation Amount" shall mean, on any date,
the fair market value of the total assets of Tracked Subsidiary (including,
without limitation, investments held by Tracked Subsidiary, less the total
amount of the liabilities of Tracked Subsidiary, in each case as of such date
determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

     "Tracked Common Stock" has the meaning specified in Section 4.9(a).

     "Tracked Subsidiary" shall mean TeleCorp Holding Corp., Inc.

                                    ARTICLE V

     Election of Directors need not be by written ballot.

                                   ARTICLE VI

     6.1 Amendment of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. Subject
to the separate class vote requirements relating to any class or series of
Preferred Stock, the holders of shares of capital stock representing at least
two-thirds (2/3) of the votes entitled to be cast for the election of directors
of the Corporation, voting together as a single class, in person or by proxy, at
a special or annual meeting of stockholders called for the purpose, or by
written consent, may amend, alter or repeal this Amended and Restated
Certificate of Incorporation.

     6.2 Amendment of the Bylaws. Except as otherwise provided by law or by this
Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws of the Corporation, as from time to
time altered or amended, may be made, altered or amended by the holders of
shares of capital stock representing at least two-thirds (2/3) of the votes
entitled to be cast for the election of directors of the Corporation, voting
together as a single class, in person or by proxy at any annual or special
meeting of the stockholders called for such purpose, of which the notice shall
specify the subject matter of the proposed alteration or amendment or new bylaw
or the article or articles to be affected thereby, or by written consent of such
holders of such number of shares. The Bylaws may also be made, altered or
amended by a majority of the whole number of directors then in office.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section 6.2, the
rights of any Stockholder (as such term is defined in the Stockholders
Agreement) or group of Stockholders under Section 2.11(b) of the Bylaws shall
not be amended, altered or repealed without the prior written approval of any
such Stockholder or group of Stockholders, as the case may be.

                                  ARTICLE VII

     7.1 Indemnification. Any person who was or is a party or is threatened to
be made a party to any threatened, pending, or completed action, suit, or
proceeding (a "Proceeding"), whether civil, criminal, administrative, or
investigative (whether or not by or in the right of the Corporation), by reason
of the fact that such person, or a person of whom such person is the legal

                                      -36-
<PAGE>

representative, is or was a director, officer, incorporator, employee, or agent
of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a
director, officer, incorporator, employee, partner, trustee, or agent of another
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other
enterprise (an "Other Entity"), shall be entitled to be indemnified by the
Corporation to the full extent then permitted by law against expenses (including
counsel fees and disbursements), judgments, fines (including excise taxes
assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan), and amounts paid
in settlement incurred by him in connection with such Proceeding. Persons who
are not Directors or officers of the Corporation may be similarly indemnified in
respect of service to the Corporation or to an Other Entity at the request of
the Corporation to the extent the Board of Directors at any time specifies that
such persons are entitled to the benefits of this Article VII.

     7.2 Advancement of Expenses. The Corporation shall, from time to time,
reimburse or advance to any Director or officer or other person entitled to
indemnification hereunder the funds necessary for payment of expenses, including
attorneys' fees and disbursements, incurred in connection with any Proceeding,
in advance of the final disposition of such Proceeding; provided, however, that,
if (and only if) required by the GCL, such expenses incurred by or on behalf of
any Director or officer or other person may be paid in advance of the final
disposition of a Proceeding only upon receipt by the Corporation of an
undertaking, by or on behalf of such Director or officer (or other person
indemnified hereunder), to repay any such amount so advanced if it shall
ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no
further right of appeal that such Director, officer or other person is not
entitled to be indemnified for such expenses.

     7.3 Rights Not Exclusive. The rights to indemnification and reimbursement
or advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Article VII
shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which a person seeking
indemnification or reimbursement or advancement of expenses may have or
hereafter be entitled under any statute, this Amended and Restated Certificate
of Incorporation, the Bylaws, any agreement, any vote of stockholders or
disinterested Directors or otherwise, both as to action in his or her official
capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office.

     7.4 Continuing Rights. The rights to indemnification and reimbursement or
advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Article VII
shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a Director or officer (or
other person indemnified hereunder), shall inure to the benefit of the
executors, administrators, legatees and distributees of such person, and in
either case, shall inure whether or not the claim asserted is based on matters
which antedate the adoption of this Article VII.

     7.5 Insurance. The Corporation shall have power to purchase and maintain
insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a Director, officer, employee or
agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the
Corporation, as a director, officer, employee or agent of an Other Entity,
against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person
in any such capacity, or arising out of such person's status as such, whether or
not the Corporation



                                      -37-
<PAGE>

would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the
provisions of this Article VII, the Bylaws or under Section 145 of the GCL or
any other provision of law.

     7.6 Contract Rights; No Repeal. The provisions of this Article VII shall be
a contract between the Corporation, on the one hand, and each Director and
officer who serves in such capacity at any time while this Article VII is in
effect and any other person indemnified hereunder, on the other hand, pursuant
to which the Corporation and each such Director, officer, or other person intend
to be legally bound. No repeal or modification of this Article VII shall affect
any rights or obligations with respect to any state of facts then or, heretofore
or thereafter brought or threatened based in whole or in part upon any such
state of facts.

     7.7 Enforceability; Burden of Proof. The rights to indemnification and
reimbursement or advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to,
this Article VII shall be enforceable by any person entitled to such
indemnification or reimbursement or advancement of expenses in any court of
competent jurisdiction. The burden of proving that such indemnification or
reimbursement or advancement of expenses is not appropriate shall be on the
Corporation. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of
Directors, its independent legal counsel and its stockholders) to have made a
determination prior to the commencement of such action that such indemnification
or reimbursement or advancement of expenses is proper in the circumstances nor
an actual determination by the Corporation (including its Board of Directors,
its independent legal counsel and its stockholders) that such person is not
entitled to such indemnification or reimbursement or advancement of expenses
shall constitute a defense to the action or create a presumption that such
person is not so entitled. Such a person shall also be indemnified for any
expenses incurred in connection with successfully establishing his or her right
to such indemnification or reimbursement or advancement of expenses, in whole or
in part, in any such Proceeding.

     7.8 Service at the Request of the Corporation. Any Director or officer of
the Corporation serving in any capacity in (a) another corporation of which a
majority of the shares entitled to vote in the election of its directors is
held, directly or indirectly, by the Corporation or (b) any employee benefit
plan of the Corporation or any corporation referred to in clause (a) shall be
deemed to be doing so at the request of the Corporation.

     7.9 Right to Be Covered by Applicable Law. Any person entitled to be
indemnified or to reimbursement or advancement of expenses as a matter of right
pursuant to this Article VII may elect to have the right to indemnification or
reimbursement or advancement of expenses interpreted on the basis of the
applicable law in effect at the time of the occurrence of the event or events
giving rise to the applicable Proceeding, to the extent permitted by law, or on
the basis of the applicable law in effect at the time such indemnification or
reimbursement or advancement of expenses is sought. Such election shall be made,
by a notice in writing to the Corporation, at the time indemnification or
reimbursement or advancement of expenses is sought; provided, however, that if
no such notice is given, the right to indemnification or reimbursement or
advancement of expenses shall be determined by the law in effect at the time
indemnification or reimbursement or advancement of expenses is sought.


                                      -38-
<PAGE>

                                  ARTICLE VIII

     No Director of the Corporation shall be liable to the Corporation or any of
its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a
Director, provided that this provision does not eliminate the liability of the
Director (i) for any breach of the Director's duty of loyalty to the Corporation
or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which
involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) under
Section 174 of the GCL or (iv) for any transaction from which the Director
derived an improper personal benefit. For purposes of the prior sentence, the
term "damages" shall, to the extent permitted by law, include without
limitation, any judgment, fine, amount paid in settlement, penalty, punitive
damages, excise or other tax assessed with respect to an employee benefit plan,
or expense of any nature (including, without limitation, counsel fees and
disbursements). Each person who serves as a Director of the Corporation while
this Article VIII is in effect shall be deemed to be doing so in reliance on the
provisions of this Article VIII, and neither the amendment or repeal of this
Article VIII, nor the adoption of any provision of this Amended and Restated
Certificate of Incorporation inconsistent with this Article VIII, shall apply to
or have any effect on the liability or alleged liability of any Director of the
Corporation for, arising out of, based upon, or in connection with any acts or
omissions of such Director occurring prior to such amendment, repeal, or
adoption of an inconsistent provision. The provisions of this Article VIII are
cumulative and shall be in addition to and independent of any and all other
limitations on or eliminations of the liabilities of Directors of the
Corporation, as such, whether such limitations or eliminations arise under or
are created by any law, rule, regulation, bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders
or disinterested Directors, or otherwise.

                                   ARTICLE IX

     9.1 Number, Terms and Election of Directors.

     (a) Subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of any class or series of
Preferred Stock to elect additional directors under specified circumstances, the
number of directors of the Corporation shall be fixed and may be increased or
decreased from time to time by the Board of Directors, but in no case shall the
number be less than one nor more than fifteen.

     (b) Upon the closing of an offer and sale of the Class A Common Stock of
the Corporation to the public (a "Public Offering") pursuant to an effective
Registration Statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933
Act"), in which (i) the aggregate gross proceeds received by the Corporation in
connection with such Registration Statement(s) equals or exceeds $20 million,
and (ii) the Class A Common Stock shall have been listed for trading on the New
York Stock Exchange or the American Stock Exchange or authorized for trading on
NASDAQ, including without limitation its National Market System, the then
current directors and any new directors taking office upon such closing shall be
divided into three classes, as nearly equal in number as possible, by the
affirmative vote (which vote may be taken prior to such



                                      -39-
<PAGE>

closing) of a majority of the directors then holding office. One class of
directors shall be appointed to the Board of Directors for a term expiring at
the first annual meeting of stockholders to be held after the closing date of
the Public Offering, another class of directors shall be appointed to the Board
of Directors for a term expiring at the second annual meeting of stockholders to
be held after the closing date of the Public Offering, and another class of
directors shall be appointed to the Board of Directors for a term expiring the
third annual meeting of stockholders to be held after the closing date of the
Public Offering, with members of each class to hold office until their
successors are elected and qualified. At each succeeding annual meeting of the
stockholders of the Corporation, the successors of the class of directors whose
term expires at that meeting shall be elected by plurality vote of all votes
cast at such meeting to hold office for a term expiring at the annual meeting of
stockholders held in the third year following their year of election.

     9.2 Newly Created Directorships and Vacancies. Subject to the rights, if
any, of the holders of any and all series of Preferred Stock to elect additional
directors pursuant to the terms and conditions of such Preferred Stock, newly
created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors and
any vacancies on the Board of Directors resulting from death, resignation,
disqualification, removal or other cause shall be filled solely by the
affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors then in office, even
though less than a quorum of the board of directors, or by a sole remaining
director. Any director elected in accordance with the preceding sentence shall
hold office for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in
which the new directorship was created or the vacancy occurred and until such
director's successor shall have been elected and qualified. No decrease in the
number of directors constituting the Board of Directors shall shorten the term
of an incumbent director.

     9.3 Removal. Subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of any and all
series of Preferred Stock to elect additional directors pursuant to the terms
and conditions of such Preferred Stock, any director may be removed from office
by the stockholders only for cause and only in the following manner. At any
annual meeting or special meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation, the
notice of which shall state that the removal of a director or directors is among
the purposes of the meeting, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a
majority of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled
to vote generally in the election of the directors, voting together as a single
class, may remove such director or directors for cause.

     9.4 Additional Rights of Certain Stockholders Regarding Directors.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Article IX, so long
as a Stockholder (as such term is defined in the Stockholders' Agreement) or
group of Stockholders has the right to nominate one or more of the directors of
the Corporation pursuant to the terms of the Stockholders' Agreement or this
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (including, without
limitation, the right of the Initial Holders to nominate a director pursuant to
Section 4.3(d)(iii) hereof), then, with respect to any directors so nominated by
such Stockholder or group of Stockholders, such Stockholder or group of
Stockholders, as the case may be, shall have the right to cause the



                                      -40-
<PAGE>

Corporation to remove any director so nominated by such Stockholder or group of
stockholders, as the case may be, with or without cause, and any vacancy caused
by the removal of such director or otherwise during the term of such director
(whether or not such director resigns, is removed from the Board of Directors
with or without cause or ceases to be a director by reason of death, disability
or for any other reason) shall be filled in accordance with the terms of the
Stockholders' Agreement or this Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation, as the case may be.


                                      -41-
<PAGE>

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned officer of the Corporation has executed
this Fifth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation this 29th day of
November, 1999.


                                            /s/ Thomas H. Sullivan
                                            ------------------------------------
                                            Name:  Thomas H. Sullivan
                                            Title:  Executive Vice President