As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

1

California Environmental Protection Agency 

 AIR RESOURCES BOARD 

CALIFORNIA EXHAUST EMISSION STANDARDS AND TEST PROCEDURES FOR 

2001 AND SUBSEQUENT MODEL 

PASSENGER CARS, LIGHT-DUTY TRUCKS, AND MEDIUM-DUTY VEHICLES 

Adopted: August 5, 1999 

Amended: December 27, 2000 

Amended: July 30, 2002 

Amended: September 5, 2003 (corrected February 20, 2004) 

Amended: May 28, 2004 

Amended: August 4, 2005 

Amended: June 22, 2006 

Amended: October 17, 2007 

Amended: May 2, 2008 

Amended: December 2, 2009 

Amended: February 22, 2010

Amended: March 29, 2010

Note: The proposed amendments to this document are shown in single underline to indicate 

additions and strikeout to indicate deletions compared to the test procedures as last amended 

December 2, 2009. Amendments to these regulations that were adopted by the Board on 

September 24, 2009 as part of the “Rulemaking to Consider Proposed Amendments to New 

Passenger Motor Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards,” but which have not yet been 

approved by California’s Office of Administrative Law (OAL) are indicated in dotted underline

to indicate additions and italics double strikeout to indicate deletions. That rulemaking was sent 

to OAL for approval on February 22, 2010. OAL has until April 6, 2010 to make a 

determination. [n/a] indicated provisions of the proposed federal rule (74 Fed.Reg. 49454 

(September 28, 2009)) that do not apply in California and are not proposed for incorporation. 

[No change] indicates proposed federal provisions that are also proposed for incorporation herein 

without change. Existing intervening text that is not amended in this rulemaking is indicated by 

“* * * *”. 
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

2

* * * * 

CALIFORNIA EXHAUST EMISSION STANDARDS AND TEST PROCEDURES 

FOR 2001 AND SUBSEQUENT MODEL 

PASSENGER CARS, LIGHT-DUTY TRUCKS AND MEDIUM-DUTY VEHICLES

 The provisions of Subparts B, C, and S, Part 86, Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, as 

adopted or amended on May 4, 1999 or as last amended on such other date set forth next to the 

40 CFR Part 86 section title listed below, and to the extent they pertain to exhaust emission 

standards and test procedures, are hereby adopted as the “California Exhaust Emission Standards 

and Test Procedures for 2001 and Subsequent Model Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and 

Medium-Duty Vehicles,” with the following exceptions and additions. 

PART I: GENERAL PROVISIONS FOR CERTIFICATION AND IN-USE 

VERIFICATION OF EMISSIONS 

A. General Applicability 

1. §86.1801 Applicability. 

* * * * 

1.2 §86.1801-12. As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49752 (September 28, 2009)

and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April [insert date], 2010). 

Amend as follows:

1.2.1 Amend subparagraph (a) as follows: Except as otherwise indicated, the 

provisions of this subpart apply to new passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and mediumduty vehicles, including multi-fueled, alternative fueled, hybrid electric, plug-in hybrid 

electric, and electric vehicles. In cases where a provision applies only to a certain vehicle 

group based on its model year, vehicle class, motor fuel, engine type, or other 

distinguishing characteristics, the limited applicability is cited in the appropriate section 

of this subpart. 

1.2.2 Subparagraph (b) Aftermarket conversions. [n/a]

1.2.3 Amend subparagraph (c) Optional Applicability as follows:

(a) Amend subparagraph (c)(1) as follows: A manufacturer must 

certify any heavy-duty complete Otto-cycle vehicle of 14,000 pounds Gross 

Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) or less in accordance with the medium-duty 

chassis-standards of Section E.1 of these test procedures. A manufacturer must 

certify all heavy-duty diesel engines or vehicles of 14,000 pounds GVWR or less 

to the medium-duty engine standards in title 13, CCR, section 1956.8(g) or (h). A 

manufacturer may request to certify heavy-duty complete diesel vehicles to the 

chassis-standards in Section E.1 of these test procedures; heavy-duty engine or 
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

3

heavy-duty vehicle provisions of 40 CFR Part 86 subpart A do not apply to such a 

vehicle or engine.

(b) Subparagraph (c)(2) [No change.]

(c) Subparagraph (c)(3) [No change.]

(d) Subparagraph (c)(4) [n/a; aftermarket conversions]

(e) Subparagraph (c)(5) [n/a]

1.2.4 Amend subparagraph (d) as follows: Small volume manufacturers. 

Special certification procedures are available for any manufacturer whose projected or 

actual combined California sales of passenger cars, light-duty trucks, medium-duty 

vehicles, heavy-duty vehicles and heavy-duty engines in its product line are fewer than 

4,500 units based on the average number of vehicles sold for the three previous 

consecutive model years for which a manufacturer seeks certification. For manufacturers 

certifying for the first time in California, model-year production volume shall be based on 

projected California sales. The small-volume manufacturer's light- and medium-duty 

vehicle and truck certification procedures are described in 40 CFR §86.1838, as modified 

in Section G.12 of these test procedures. 

1.2.5 Subparagraph (e). [n/a; NLEVs.] 

1.2.6 Subparagraph (f) [n/a; Tier 2 phase-in provisions]

1.2.7 Subparagraph (g) [n/a; Tier 2 phase-in provisions]

1.2.8 Subparagraph (h) [No change.]

1.2.9 Subparagraph (i) [No change, except that this subparagraph shall only 

apply to vehicles certifying to the National greenhouse gas program for the 2012 through 

2016 model years, in accordance with section E of these test procedures.]

1.2.10 Subparagraph (j) [No change, except that this subparagraph shall only 

apply to vehicles certifying to the National greenhouse gas program for the 2012 through 

2016 model years, in accordance with section E of these test procedures.]

* * * * 

B. Definitions, Acronyms and Abbreviations 

1. §86.1803 Definitions. 

* * * * 

1.2 §86.1803-01. As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49753 (September 28, 2009)

and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April [insert date], 2010). [No 

change, except as otherwise noted below.] The version of §86.1803-01 as incorporated by this 

section B.1.2 shall only apply to vehicles certifying to the National greenhouse gas program for 

the 2012 through 2016 model years, in accordance with section E of these test procedures.
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

4

2. California Definitions. 

* * * * 

 “National greenhouse gas program” or “National greenhouse gas final rule” means

the national program that applies to new 2012 through 2016 model year passenger cars, lightduty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles as proposed by the U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49748 (September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on 

April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April [insert date], 2010), as incorporated in and 

amended by these test procedures. 

* * * * 

C. General Requirements for Certification 

1. §86.1805 Useful Life. 

* * * * 

1.3 §86.1805-12. As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49755 (September 28, 

2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April [insert 

date], 2010). [No change, except that this section §86.1805-12 shall only apply to 

vehicles certifying to the National greenhouse gas program for the 2012 through 2016 

model years, in accordance with section E of these test procedures.]

2. §86.1806 On-Board Diagnostics. 

2.1 §86.1806-01; §86.1806-05. Delete. 

* * * * 

5. §86.1809 Prohibition of Defeat Devices. 

* * * * 

5.2 §86-1809-10. As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49755 (September 28, 2009)

and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April [insert date], 

2010). [No change except that requirements applicable to the Air Conditioning Idle Test

shall only apply to vehicles certifying to the National greenhouse gas program, and 

subparagraph (e) shall apply to vehicles subject to the California TLEV, LEV, ULEV and 

SULEV standards.]
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

5

D. §86.1810 General standards; increase in emissions; unsafe conditions; waivers 

* * * * 

3. §86.1810-09. February 26, 2007 As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49755 

(September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April 

[insert date], 2010). [No change, except that the amendments to §86.1810-01 set forth in D.1 and 

D.2 shall also apply.]

E. California Exhaust Emission Standards. 

Delete 40 CFR §§86.1811 through 86.1819, except that for model years 2012 through 

2016, a manufacturer may demonstrate compliance with the requirements of sections E.2.5 and 

E.3.2 by demonstrating compliance with §86.1818.12 as proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49755 

(September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April 

[insert date], 2010). 

* * * * 

2. Emission Standards Phase-In Requirements for Manufacturers 

* * * * 

2.5 Fleet Average Greenhouse Gas Requirements for Passenger Cars, Light-Duty 

Trucks, and Medium-Duty Passenger Vehicles. 

2.5.1(i) The fleet average greenhouse gas exhaust mass emission values 

from passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles that are 

produced and delivered for sale in California each model year by a large volume 

manufacturer shall not exceed: 
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

6

FLEET AVERAGE GREENHOUSE GAS 

EXHAUST MASS EMISSION REQUIREMENTS FOR 

PASSENGER CAR, LIGHT-DUTY TRUCK, AND MEDIUM-DUTY 

PASSENGER VEHICLE WEIGHT CLASSES1

(4,000 mile Durability Vehicle Basis) 

Fleet Average Greenhouse Gas Emissions 

(grams per mile CO2-equivalent) 

Model Year 

All PCs; 

LDTs 0-3750 lbs. LVW 

LDTs 

 3751 lbs. LVW - 8500 lbs. 

GVW; MDPVs 

2009 323 439 

2010 301 420 

2011 267 390 

2012 233 361 

2013 227 355 

2014 222 350 

2015 213 341 

2016+ 205 332 

1

 Each manufacturer shall demonstrate compliance with these values in accordance with Section E.2.5.2. 

2.5.1.1 For each model year, a manufacturer must demonstrate 

compliance with the fleet average requirements in this section E.2.5.1 based on 

one of two options applicable throughout the model year , either: 

Option 1: the total number of passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and 

medium-duty passenger vehicles that are certified to the California exhaust 

emission standards in section 1961.1, title 13, CCR, and are produced and 

delivered for sale in California; or 

Option 2: the total number of passenger cars, light-duty trucks, and 

medium-duty passenger vehicles that are certified to the California exhaust 

emission standards in section 1961.1, title 13, CCR, and are produced and 

delivered for sale in California, the District of Columbia, and all states that have 

adopted California’s greenhouse gas emission standards for that model year 

pursuant to Section 177 of the federal Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. § 7507). 

2.5.1.1.1 For the 2009 and 2010 model years, a manufacturer that 

selects compliance Option 2 must notify the Executive Officer of that selection in 

writing within 30 days of the effective date of the amendments to this section 

2.5.1.1. or must comply with Option 1.

2.5.1.1.2 For the 2011 and later model years, a manufacturer that selects 

compliance Option 2 must notify the Executive Officer of that selection in writing 

prior to the start of the applicable model year or must comply with Option 1.
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

7

2.5.1.1.3 When a manufacturer is demonstrating compliance using 

Option 2 for a given model year, the term “in California” as used in subsections 

E.2.5.2.3 and E.3.2 means California, the District of Columbia, and all states that 

have adopted California’s greenhouse gas emission standards for that model year 

pursuant to Section 177 of the federal Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. § 7507).

2.5.1.1.4 A manufacturer that selects compliance Option 2 must 

provide to the Executive Officer separate values for the number of vehicles

produced and delivered for sale in the District of Columbia and for each 

individual state within the average.

2.5.1(ii) For the 2012 through 2016 model years, a manufacturer may elect 

to demonstrate compliance with this section E.2.5 by demonstrating compliance with the 

National greenhouse gas program as follows: 

2.5.1.1 A manufacturer that selects compliance with this option E.2.5.1(ii) must 

notify the Executive Officer of that selection, in writing, prior to the start of the 

applicable model year or must comply with E.2.5.1(i).

2.5.1.2 The manufacturer must submit to ARB a copy of the Model Year CAFE

report that it submitted to EPA as required under 40 CFR §86-1865-12 as proposed at 74 

Fed.Reg. 49454, 49760 (September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010 (75 

Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April [insert date], 2010), for demonstrating compliance with the 

National greenhouse gas program and the EPA determination of compliance. These must 

be submitted within 30 days of receipt of the EPA determination of compliance, for each 

model year that a manufacturer selects compliance with this option E.2.5.1(ii). and

2.5.1.3 If a manufacturer has outstanding greenhouse gas debits at the end of the 

2011 model year, as calculated in accordance with E.3.2, the manufacturer must submit to 

the Executive Officer a plan for offsetting all outstanding greenhouse gas debits by using 

greenhouse gas credits earned under the National greenhouse gas program before 

applying those credits to offset any National greenhouse gas program debits. Upon 

approval of the plan by the Executive Officer, the manufacturer may demonstrate 

compliance with this section E.2.5 by demonstrating compliance with the National 

greenhouse gas program. Any California debits not offset by the end of the 2016 model 

year National greenhouse gas program reporting period are subject to penalties as 

provided in section E.3.2. 

 

2.5.2 Calculation of Fleet Average Greenhouse Gas Value. 

2.5.2.1 Basic Calculation. 

2.5.2.1.1 OPTION A: Each manufacturer shall calculate both a “city” grams 

per mile average CO2-equivalent value for each GHG vehicle test group and a “highway” 

grams per mile average CO2-equivalent value for each GHG vehicle test group, including 

AB 965 vehicles and vehicles certified in accordance with Section E.1.12 of these test 
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

8

procedures, using the following formula. OPTION B: For a manufacturer that elects to 

demonstrate compliance with the greenhouse gas requirements using CAFE data, “GHG 

vehicle test group” shall mean “subconfiguration” in this subsection E.2.5.2.1.1. 

Greenhouse Gas emissions used for the “city” CO2-equivalent value calculation shall be 

measured using the “FTP” test cycle (40 CFR, Part 86, Subpart B), as modified in Part II 

of these test procedures. Greenhouse Gas emissions used for the “highway” CO2-

equivalent value calculation shall be based on emissions measured using the Highway 

Test Procedures. 

 

CO2-Equivalent Value = CO2 + 296 x N2O + 23 x CH4 - A/C Direct Emissions Allowance - A/C 

Indirect Emissions Allowance 

A manufacturer may use N2O = 0.006 grams per mile in lieu of measuring N2O exhaust 

emissions. A manufacturer that elects to use CAFE data to demonstrate compliance with 

the greenhouse gas requirements may substitute the term 1.9 CO2-equivalent grams per 

mile for the terms “296 x N2O + 23 x CH4” in this equation.

* * * * 

2.5.2.1.2 A/C Direct Emissions Allowance. A manufacturer may use the 

following A/C Direct Emission Allowances, upon approval of the Executive Officer, if 

that manufacturer demonstrates that the following requirements are met. Such 

demonstration shall include specifications of the components used and an engineering 

evaluation that verifies the estimated lifetime emissions from the components and the 

system. A manufacturer shall also provide confirmation that the number of fittings and 

joints has been minimized and components have been optimized to minimize leakage. 

No A/C Direct Emissions Allowance is permitted if the following requirements are not 

met. 

* * * * 

(d) A manufacturer that elects to use CAFE Program emissions data to 

demonstrate compliance with the greenhouse gas requirements shall calculate the 

A/C Direct Emissions Allowance for each Vehicle Configuration by calculating 

the A/C Direct Emissions Allowance for each air conditioning system used in that 

Vehicle Configuration and calculating a sales-weighted average for that Vehicle 

Configuration.
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

9

2.5.2.1.3 A/C Indirect Emissions Allowance. A manufacturer may use the 

following A/C Indirect Emissions Allowances, upon approval of the Executive Officer, if 

the manufacturer demonstrates using data or an engineering evaluation that the air 

conditioning system meets the following requirements. A manufacturer may use the 

following A/C Indirect Emissions Allowances for other technologies, upon approval of 

the Executive Officer, if that manufacturer demonstrates that the air conditioning system 

achieves equal CO2-equivalent grams per mile emissions reductions. 

 

* * * * 

(d) A manufacturer that elects to use CAFE Program emissions data to 

demonstrate compliance with the greenhouse gas requirements shall calculate the 

A/C Indirect Emissions Allowance for each Vehicle Configuration by calculating 

the A/C Indirect Emissions Allowance for each air conditioning system used in 

that Vehicle Configuration and calculating a sales-weighted average for that 

Vehicle Configuration.

* * * * 

F. Requirements and Procedures for Durability Demonstration 

* * * * 

4.2 §86.1823-08 January 17, 2006 As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49757 

(September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April 

[insert date], 2010). [No change, except that the amendments to §86.1823-01 set forth in F.4.1 

shall apply, and subparagraph (m) applies only to vehicles certifying to the National greenhouse 

gas program.]

* * * * 

G. Procedures for Demonstration of Compliance with Emission Standards 

1. §86.1827 Test Group Determination. 

1.1 §86.1827-01. October 6, 2000February 26, 2007 As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 

49454, 49758 (September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. 

[insert page] (April [insert date], 2010). [No change, except that subparagraphs (a)(5) 

and (f) shall only apply to vehicles certifying to the National greenhouse gas program.] 

2. §86.1828 Emission data vehicle selection 

* * * * 
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

10

2.34.2 Greenhouse Gas Emission Test Vehicle Selection. Within each test group, 

the vehicle configuration shall be selected from the greenhouse gas vehicle test group that 

is expected to be “worst-case” for greenhouse gas emissions, as calculated in Section 

E.2.5.2.1, subject to approval by the Executive Officer. A manufacturer may select 

additional vehicle configurations from greenhouse gas vehicle test groups with lower 

greenhouse gas emissions values than the “worst-case” configuration. 

* * * * 

3. §86.1829 Durability data and emission data testing requirements; waivers. 

3.1 §86.1829-01. December 8, 2005February 26, 2007 As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 

49454, 49758 (September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. 

[insert page] (April [insert date], 2010). Amend as follows: 

3.1.1 Delete (b)(1)(ii) and replace with: For Otto-cycle vehicles or hybrid 

vehicles that use Otto-cycle engines, evidence shall be supplied showing that the air/fuel 

metering system or secondary air injection system is capable of providing sufficient 

oxygen to theoretically allow enough oxidation to attain the CO emission standards at 

barometric pressures equivalent to those expected at altitudes ranging from sea level to an 

elevation of 6000 feet. For fuel injected vehicles or hybrid electric vehicles that use fuelinjected engines, compliance may be demonstrated upon a showing by the manufacturer 

that the fuel injection system distributes fuel based on mass air flow, rather than volume 

flow, and is therefore self-compensating. All submitted test proposals will be evaluated 

on their acceptability by the Executive Officer. As an alternative to the demonstration 

described above, a manufacturer may demonstrate compliance by testing California 

vehicle configurations as part of its federal high altitude certification requirements. 

Engine families that meet all the applicable California low altitude emission standards 

when tested at the EPA test elevation are deemed to be in compliance. The SFTP 

standards do not apply to testing at high altitude.

3.1.2 (b)(1)(iii)(E) [No change, except that references to Tier 2 or interim nonTier 2 vehicles shall mean California LEVs, ULEVs or SULEVs.] 

3.1.3 Amend (b)(1)(iii)(G) as follows: For the 2012 model year only, in lieu of 

testing a vehicle for N2O emissions, a manufacturer may provide a statement in its application for 

certification that such vehicles comply with the applicable standards. Such a statement must be 

based on previous emission tests, development tests, or other appropriate information and good 

engineering judgment. This subparagraph (b)(1)(iii)(G) only applies to vehicles certifying to the 

National greenhouse gas program.

3.1.43 Amend (b)(4)(i) as follows: All 2001 and subsequent model-year 

emission-data vehicles shall be required to be tail-pipe tested at 4,000 miles or at the 

mileage at which the vehicle is stabilized as determined in §86.1827-01 and demonstrate 

compliance with the California Inspection and Maintenance (“I/M”) emission standards 
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

11

as specified in the “Mandatory Exhaust Emissions Inspection Standards and Test 

Procedures,” title 16, California Code of Regulations, Section 3340.42. A manufacturer 

shall have the option of using the I/M test procedures in place at the time of certification 

or, if the I/M test procedures have been amended within two years of the time of 

certification, a manufacturer may use the preceding procedures. Test vehicles shall 

undergo preconditioning procedures prior to the tail-pipe test, which consist of idle 

conditions for a minimum period of ten minutes after the thermostat is open. 

Preconditioning and test procedures shall be conducted at an ambient temperature from 

68o to 86o F. The manufacturer shall, in accordance with good engineering practices, 

attest that such test vehicles will meet the requirements of this section when 

preconditioned and tested at ambient temperatures from 35o to 68o F. 

3.1.54 Amend (b)(4)(ii) as follows: In lieu of testing vehicles according to the 

provisions of §86.1829(b)(4)(i), a manufacturer may provide a statement in its application 

for certification that, based on the manufacturer's engineering evaluation of such I/M 

testing as the manufacturer deems appropriate, all light-duty vehicles and light-duty 

trucks comply with the I/M emission standards. 

3.1.65 Delete (b)(5). Idle CO Testing. 

* * * * 

3.4 Greenhouse Gas Testing Requirements. 

A manufacturer shall demonstrate compliance with the greenhouse gas requirements each 

year by testing one vehicle per each test group that represents the vehicle configuration that is 

expected to be “worst-case” for greenhouse gas emissions, as calculated in Section E.2.5.2.1, 

subject to approval by the Executive Officer. A manufacturer may test additional vehicles within 

the test group that represent vehicle configuration with lower greenhouse gas emissions values 

than the “worst-case” configuration. All vehicles shall be tested using both the FTP and 

Highway Test Procedures as modified in Part II of these test procedures. A manufacturer may 

use emissions data from tests it conducts as part of the Corporate Average Fuel Economy 

Program (CAFE), in accordance with 40 CFR Part 600 – Fuel Economy of Motor Vehicles, to 

demonstrate compliance with the greenhouse gas requirements, once those data have been judged 

acceptable by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. A manufacturer that elects to use 

CAFE Program emissions data to demonstrate compliance with the greenhouse gas requirements 

must use all of the data that is used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to determine a 

manufacturer’s corporate average fuel economy for the applicable model year, and may forego 

testing of the “worst-case” configuration. 

* * * * 
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

12

H. Certification, Information and Reporting Requirements. 

1. §86.1841 Compliance with emission standards for the purpose of certification 

* * * * 

1.2 For 2012 through 2016 model year vehicles certifying to the National greenhouse 

gas program, §86.1841-01, as proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49758 (September 28, 2009) and 

adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April [insert date], 2010), shall 

apply. Changes specified under section H.1.1 shall also apply for this section H.1.2.

1.32 Scope of Certification. Certification, if granted, is effective only for the 

vehicle/test group described in the original manufacturer's certification application. 

Modifications by a secondary manufacturer to vehicles/engines shall be deemed not to increase 

emissions above the standards under which those vehicles/engines were certified and to be within 

the original certification if such modifications do not: (1) increase vehicle weight more than 

10 percent above the curb weight, increase frontal area more than 10 percent, or result in a 

combination increase of weight plus frontal area of more than 14 percent; or (2) include changes 

in axle ratio, tire size, or tire type resulting in changes in the drive train ratio of more than 

5 percent; or (3) include any modification to the emission control system. No originally certified 

vehicle/engine which is modified by a secondary manufacturer in a manner described in items (1) 

through (3) of the preceding sentence may be sold to an ultimate purchaser, offered or delivered 

for sale to an ultimate purchaser, or registered in California unless the modified vehicle/engine is 

certified by the state board in accordance with applicable test procedures to meet emission 

standards for the model year for which the vehicle/engine was originally certified. For the 

purposes of this subsection, “secondary manufacturer” means any person, other than the original 

manufacturer, who modifies a new motor vehicle prior to sale to the ultimate purchaser. 

1.43 SFTP. For vehicles certified to the SFTP standards in Section E.1.2.2, full and 

intermediate useful life shall mean 4,000 miles. 

1.54 Certification of a Federal Vehicle in California. Whenever a manufacturer 

federally-certifies a 2004 or subsequent model-year passenger car, light-duty truck or mediumduty vehicle model to the standards for a particular emissions bin that are more stringent than the 

standards for an applicable California vehicle emissions category, the equivalent California 

model may only be certified to (i) the California standards for a vehicle emissions category that 

are at least as stringent as the standards for the corresponding federal emissions bin, or (ii) the 

exhaust emission standards to which the federal model is certified. However, where the federal 

exhaust emission standards for the particular emissions bin and the California standards for a 

vehicle emissions category are equally stringent, the California model may only be certified to 

either the California standards for that vehicle emissions category or more stringent California 

standards. The federal emission bins are those contained Tables S04-1 and S04-2 of 40 CFR 

section 86.1811-04(c) as adopted February 10, 2000. A California vehicle model is to be treated 

as equivalent to a federal vehicle model if all of the following characteristics are identical: 

(a) Vehicle make and model; 

(b) Cylinder block configuration (e.g., L-6, V-8); 
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

13

(c) Displacement; 

(d) Combustion cycle; 

(e) Transmission class; 

(f) Aspiration method (e.g., naturally aspirated, turbocharged); and 

(g) Fuel (e.g., gasoline, natural gas, methanol). 

The comparative stringency of the standards for the federal exhaust emissions bin and for the 

California vehicle emissions category shall be based on a comparison of the sum of the 100,000, 

120,000, or 150,000 mile standards for NMOG and NOx. 

1.54.1 If a federally-certified vehicle model is certified in California in 

accordance with subparagraph 1.4, the model shall be subject to the federal requirements 

for exhaust emissions, SFTP emissions, cold CO emissions and highway NOx. The 

vehicle model shall be subject to all other California requirements including evaporative 

emissions, OBD II, greenhouse gas emissions, and emissions warranty, except that a 2004 

or earlier model-year vehicle in the federal heavy light-duty truck or medium-duty 

passenger vehicle classes may at the manufacturer's option be subject to the federal 

requirements for evaporative emissions and OBD II. 

1.54.2 Prior to certification of a 2004 or subsequent model-year vehicle, a 

manufacturer must submit information sufficient to enable the Executive Officer to 

determine whether there is a federally-certified vehicle model for that model year that is 

equivalent to the California vehicle model based on the criteria listed in subparagraph 1.4. 

1.54.3 If the Executive Officer determines that there is a federally-certified 

vehicle model for that model year that is equivalent to the California vehicle model, the 

following information shall be submitted with the Part I or Part II Application for 

Certification as set forth below: 

(a) Part I Application for Certification: (i) Evidence of federal 

certification including, but not limited to, federal certification exhaust emission 

levels and compliance with federal SFTP, cold CO and highway NOx emission 

levels; and (ii) evidence of compliance with California evaporative emission 

requirements, California OBD II requirements, and California greenhouse gas 

requirements or, where permitted under Section 1.4.1 for a 2004 or earlier modelyear vehicle, evidence of federal certification evaporative emission levels and 

compliance with federal OBD II requirements. 

(b) Part II Application for Certification: evidence of a warranty on 

emission-related parts in accordance with sections 2035 et seq., title 13 CCR as 

they apply to vehicles certified under the primary California standard. 

1.54.4 For purposes of meeting the California NMOG fleet average phase-in 

requirements or for determining vehicle equivalent credits, the applicable California 

NMOG value for passenger cars and light-duty trucks or vehicle equivalent credits for 

medium-duty vehicles shall be determined as follows: 

(a) The sum of the federal full useful life (100,000, 120,000 or 150,000) 

NMOG and NOx value shall be compared with the next less stringent California 

full useful life NMOG plus NOx value to determine which emission category 

(e.g., LEV, ULEV or SULEV) is to be used for the fleet average value or vehicle 
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

14

equivalent credit calculation. 

(b) For passenger cars and light-duty trucks, once the equivalent 

California emission category is determined (e.g., whether the vehicle is considered 

a LEV, ULEV or SULEV), the applicable NMOG value to be used in the fleet 

average calculation is set forth in the table in section E.2.1.2 of these test 

procedures for passenger cars and light-duty trucks. For example, if the full 

useful life (120,000 miles) NMOG plus NOx standard to which the federal vehicle 

is certified is 0.110 grams per mile, that vehicle would be considered a LEV II 

ULEV for fleet average purposes because the combined LEV full useful life 

NMOG plus NOx value is 0.125 and is the next less stringent emission category. 

The applicable emission standard to be used in the fleet average calculation would 

therefore be 0.040 grams per mile. 

1.54.5 The vehicle shall be subject to the federal in-use requirements and the 

emission standard applicable for in-use compliance purposes shall be the federal standard 

to which the vehicle was federally-certified. 

1.5.6 The tune up label shall meet the federal requirements applicable to such a 

vehicle with an additional sentence which reads: “This vehicle conforms to federal 

regulations and is certified for sale in California.” The value used in the smog index label 

shall be the California emission category to which the vehicle was deemed certified for 

fleet average NMOG purposes. 

1.5.7 The requirements in Section H.1.4 do not apply in the case of a federallycertified vehicle model that is only marketed to fleet operators for applications that are 

subject to clean fuel fleet requirements established pursuant to section 246 of the federal 

Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. sec. 7586). In addition, the Executive Officer shall exclude 

from the requirements a federally-certified vehicle model where the manufacturer 

demonstrates to the Executive Officer's reasonable satisfaction that the model will 

primarily be sold or leased to clean fuel fleet operators for such applications, and that 

other sales or leases of the model will be incidental to marketing to those clean fuel fleet 

operators. 

1.54.8 A manufacturer may certify a passenger car, light-duty truck or mediumduty vehicle to federal exhaust emission standards pursuant to Section H.1.4 prior to the 

2004 model year.

* * * * 

4.5 Greenhouse Gas Reporting Requirements.

(a) For the purpose of demonstrating compliance with greenhouse gas 

requirements, the manufacturer shall provide by May 1 of the calendar year following the 

close of the model year:

(i) A manufacturer that demonstrates compliance under section 

E.2.5.2.1.1, Option A, must submit a comprehensive list of all emission test 

results, including the test vehicle description and identification number, CO2, 

CH4, and N2O emission data, the data and/or justifications used to determine the 
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

15

“worst case” greenhouse gas test vehicle configuration, as required by G.2.34.2, 

for each greenhouse gas vehicle test group. A manufacturer that demonstrates 

compliance under section E.2.5.2.1.1, Option B, must submit a comprehensive list 

of all emission test results used to calculate its Corporate Average Fuel Economy, 

including the test vehicle description and identification number, for each 

subconfiguration and the number of vehicles produced and delivered for sale 

under Option 1 or Option 2 in section E.2.5.1.1, as applicable, that are represented 

by the subconfiguration. A manufacturer must not submit any emission test 

results from vehicles tested, or calculated results, as part of the Corporate Average 

Fuel Economy Program, unless those results have been judged acceptable by the 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, in accordance with §600.007-08. A 

manufacturer that submits data from the Corporate Average Fuel Economy 

Program must clearly indicate whether the data is derived from vehicle testing or 

whether it is calculated. A manufacturer that elects to use CAFE Program 

emissions data to demonstrate compliance with the greenhouse gas requirements 

must use all of the data that is used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

to determine a manufacturer’s corporate average fuel economy for the applicable 

model year, and may forego testing of the “worst-case” configuration;

* * * * 

(b) For the 2012 through 2016 model years, a manufacturer that elects to 

demonstrate compliance with the requirements of sections E.2.5 and E.3.2 by 

demonstrating compliance with the National greenhouse gas program must submit all 

data to the Executive Officer in accordance with the reporting requirements as required 

under section E.2.5.1(ii) and 40 CFR §86.1865-12, as proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 

49760 (September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert 

page] (April [insert date], 2010).

(bc) All data submitted in accordance with this section H.4.5, must be 

submitted electronically and organized in a format specified by the Executive Officer to 

clearly demonstrate compliance with the fleet average greenhouse gas exhaust emission 

requirements in section E.2.5 or 40 CFR §86.1865-12 (as proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 

49760 (September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert 

page] (April [insert date], 2010)), as applicable. 

I. In-Use Compliance Requirements and Procedures 

1. §86.1845 Manufacturer in-use verification testing requirements. 

* * * * 

1.2 §86.1845-04. December 8, 2005December 28, 2006 As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

16

49454, 49758 (September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert 

page] (April [insert date], 2010). Amend as follows: 

* * * * 

1.5 Greenhouse Gas Requirements. 

The manufacturer in-use verification testing requirements shall not apply to the 

greenhouse gas emission requirements set forth in Section E.2.5 of these test procedures. 

2. §86.1846 Manufacturer in-use confirmatory testing requirements. 

2.1 §86.1846-01 July 12, 2001December 28, 2006 As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 

49759 (September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert page], 

(April [insert date], 2010). [No Change.] 

* * * * 

2.4 Greenhouse Gas Requirements. 

The manufacturer in-use compliance testing requirements shall not apply to the 

greenhouse gas emission requirements set forth in Section E.2.5 of these test procedures. 

* * * * 

J. Procedural Requirements 

1. §86.1848-01 Certification. October 6, 2000. [No change.] 

2. §86.1848-10 Certification. February 26, 2007. [No change.]

3. §86.1848-10 Certification. As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49759 (September 

28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April 

[insert date], 2010). [No change, except that this version of §86.1848-10 shall 

only apply to vehicles certifying under the National greenhouse gas program for 

the 2012 through 2016 model years.]

43. §86.1849-01 Right of entry. [No change.] 

54. §86.1850-01 Denial, Suspension or Revocation of Certificate of Conformity. [No 

change.] 

65. §86.1851 Application of good engineering judgment to manufacturers' decisions. 

[No change.] 

76. §86.1852 Waivers for good in-use emission performance. [No change.] 

87. §86.1853 Certification hearings. [No change.] 

9. §86.1854-12 Prohibited acts. As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49759 

(September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert 

page] (April [insert date], 2010). [No change.]
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

17

108. §§86.18554 - 86.1859. [Reserved] 

119. §86.1860-04 How to comply with the Tier 2 and interim Tier 2 fleet average NOx 

standards. [n/a] 

120. §86.1861-04 How do the Tier 2 and interim Tier 2 NOx averaging, banking and 

trading programs work? [n/a] 

131. §86.1862-04 Maintenance of records and submittal of information relevant to 

compliance with fleet average NOx standards. [n/a] 

142. §86.1863-07 Optional Chassis Certification for Diesel Vehicles. January 18, 

2001June 17, 2003. [No change] 

15. §86.1865-12 How to comply with the fleet average CO2 standards. As proposed 

at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49760 (September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 

1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April [insert date], 2010). [No change, except 

that this section shall only apply to vehicles certifying under the National 

greenhouse gas program for the 2012 through 2016 model years.]

16. §86.1866-12 CO2 fleet average credit programs. As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 

49454, 49763 (September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 

Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April [insert date], 2010). [No change, except that this 

section shall only apply to vehicles certifying under the National greenhouse gas 

program for the 2012 through 2016 model years.]

17. §86.1867-12 Optional early CO2 credit programs. As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 

49454, 49766 (September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 

Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April [insert date], 2010). [No change, except that this 

section shall only apply to vehicles certifying under the National greenhouse gas 

program for the 2012 through 2016 model years.]
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

18

PART II: CALIFORNIA EXHAUST AND PARTICULATE EMISSION TEST 

PROCEDURES FOR PASSENGER CARS, LIGHT-DUTY TRUCKS AND 

MEDIUM-DUTY VEHICLES 

This part describes the equipment required and the procedures necessary to perform 

gaseous and particulate exhaust emission tests (40 CFR Part 86, Subpart B); cold temperature 

test procedures (40 CFR Part 86, Subpart C); the California 50oF test procedure; the development 

of reactivity adjustment factors; and the supplemental federal test procedure (40 CFR Part 86, 

Subpart B) on passenger cars, light-duty trucks and medium-duty vehicles. 

A. 40 CFR Part 86, Subpart B - Emission Regulations for 1977 and Later Model Year 

New Light-Duty Vehicles and New Light-Duty Trucks; Test Procedures. 

* * * * 

100.2 Equipment and Facility Requirements. 

* * * * 

86.111-94 Exhaust gas analytical-system. September 30, 1994 As proposed at 74 

Fed.Reg. 49454, 49748 (September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on 

April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April [insert date], 2010). 

* * * * 

100.5 Test Procedures and Data Requirements. 

86.127-00 Test procedures; overview. May 4, 1999 As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 

49748 (September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. 

[insert page] (April [insert date], 2010). 

* * * * 

100.5.3 California Vehicle Preconditioning Requirements. 

* * * * 

86.135-00 Dynamometer procedure. As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49749 (September 

28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April 

[insert date], 2010). [No change.]

* * * * 
As Amended: March 29, 2010 

Hearing Date: February 25, 2010 

19

100.5.4 Calculations; exhaust emissions. 

* * * * 

86.165-12 Air Conditioning idle test procedure. As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49749 

(September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert 

page] (April [insert date], 2010). [No change, except that this section shall only 

apply to vehicles certifying under the National greenhouse gas program for the 

2012 through 2016 model years.]

86.166-12 Method for calculating emissions due to air conditioning leakage. As proposed at 

74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49750 (September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 

2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert page] (April [insert date], 2010). [No change, except 

that this section shall only apply to vehicles certifying under the National 

greenhouse gas program for the 2012 through 2016 model years.]

86.167-12 N2O measurement devices. As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 49751 

(September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. [insert 

page] (April [insert date], 2010). [No change, except that this section shall only 

apply to vehicles certifying under the National greenhouse gas program for the 

2012 through 2016 model years.]

86.168-12 Interference verification for N2O analyzers. As proposed at 74 Fed.Reg. 49454, 

49752 (September 28, 2009) and adopted by EPA on April 1, 2010, 75 Fed.Reg. 

[insert page] (April [insert date], 2010). [No change, except that this section shall 

only apply to vehicles certifying under the National greenhouse gas program for 

the 2012 through 2016 model years.]

* * * *