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## PICK-UPDATE : 3/8/200 7 BO X 

# 10 O F 

# 10 Ste p 2 : FOR ASR C INTERNA LUS E ONL Y (PARTAo

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## EP ADOCKE TID : 102RQ-R N
1 ) INDE X 3 ) 102RQ-RN-1- 2 5 ) 102RQ-RN-1- 4 7 ) 102RQ-RN-1- 6 9 ) 102RQ-RN-3- 1 11 ) 102RQ-RN-3- 3 13) 102RQ I 

## RN-2-l- 2 15)<l52RQ-RN-2-13^ > 17) 102RQ-RN-2-2- 1 19) 102RQ-RN-2-3- 1 21 ) 102RQ-RN-2-4- 2 23 ) 102RQ-RN-2-4- 4 25 ) 102RQ-RN-2-4- 6 27 ) 102RQ-RN-2-4- 8 29 ) 102RQ-RN-2-4-1 0 31 ) 102RQ-RN-4- 2 33 ) 102RQ-RN-4- 4 35 ) 102RQ-RN-4- 6 37 ) 102RQ-RN-4- 8 39 ) 102RQ-RN-5- 1 Ste p 3 : FOR ASR C INTERNA LUS E ONL Y CD : OA : / 

## 2 ) 102RQ-RN-1- 1 4 ) 102RQ-RN-1- 3 6 ) 102RQ-RN-1- 5 8 ) 102RQ-RN-1- 7 10) 102RQ-RN-3- 2 12 ) 102RQ-RN-2-1- 1 14) 102RQ-RN-2-1- 3 16) 102RQ-RN-2-1- 5 18) 102RQ-RN-2-2- 2 20 ) 102RQ-RN-2-4- 1 22 ) 102RQ-RN-2-4- 3 24 ) 102RQ-RN-2-4- 5 26 ) 102RQ-RN-2-4- 7 28 ) 102RQ-RN-2-4- 9 30 ) 102RQ-RN-4- 1 32 ) 102RQ-RN-4- 3 34 ) 102RQ-RN-4- 5 36 ) 102RQ-RN-4- 7 38 ) 102RQ-RN-4- 9 40 ) 102RQ-RN-5- 2

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### Departmen to

fEnergy Washington , D C 2058 5 Augus t5 , 198 7

Ms . Barbar a Hostag e Respons e Standard s an d Criteri a Branc h Emergenc yRespons e Divisio n (WH-548B ) U.S
. Environmenta l Protectio n Agenc y 40 1 MStreet , S W Washington , D C 2046 0 Dea r Barbara : A t th e Jul y30 , 1987 , meetin g o f th e workgrou p o nadjusting , th e reportabl e quantitie s fo r radionuclides , I expresse d som e concern s abou t th e depositio nmodelin g use d t o examin e ingestio n pathway s othe r tha nthroug hdrinkin g water . I agree d t o re examin e th e supportin g technica l backgroun d document s regardin g depositio nmodelin g an d infor myo u o f myfinding s an d opinions
. Th e tw o document s I re-examine d were : "Technica l Backgroun d Documen t t o Suppor t Propose d Rulemakin g Pursuan t t o Sectio n10 2 o f th e Comprehensiv e Environmenta l Response , Compensation , and Liabilit yAct : Radionuclides " (draft , Octobe r 1986) ; and , "Method s and Result s fo r Calculation s o f Radionuclid e Reportabl e Quantitie s Unde r Varyin g Set s o f Conditions " (undated , hande d ou t a t th e Jul y30 , 1987 , workgrou p meeting)
. Th e Environmenta l Protectio n Agenc y(EPA ) ha s chose nt o develo p reportabl e quantitie s fo r radionuclide s usin g a modeling-base d calculationa l approach
. Th e modelin g approac hadopte d fo r examinin g th e inhalatio n pathwa yi s ver ysimpl e an d ver yconser vativ e usin g thes e assumptions : a downwin d distanc e o f 3 0 meters ; a ground-leve l release ; Pasquil l typ e "D " (neutral ) stability ; win d spee d o f 1 meter/second ; and , exposur e o f a n individua l i nth e plum e centerlin e fo r 2 4 hours
. Th e atmospheri c dispersio nmode l use d fo r thi s analysi s i s no t considere d generall yapplicabl e fo r distance s les s tha n10 0 meter s fo r a variet yo f physica l reasons , althoug hcalculation s ca nb e mad e by extrapolatin g plum e sprea d parameter s fro mpublishe d value s a t 10 0 meter s t o represen t condition s a t 3 0 meters . Tha t calcula

tion s ca nb e mad e doe s no t mak e thes e calculation s anymor e meaningfu l i nterm s c f representin g physica l dispersio n processes . Althoug hconcerne d abou t th e questionabl e applicabi

lit yo f th e atmospheri c dispersio nmode l t o distance s o f 3 0 meter s an d th e hig hdegre e o f conservatis mi nth e modelin g assumptions , member s o f th e workin g group chos e no t t o mak e a n issu e o f th e modelin g fo r th e inhalatio npathwa ybecaus e th e calculation s ar e a t leas t straightforwar d an d reproducible , an d becaus e othe r consideration s no t relate d t o modelin g (e.g. , ch e distanc e o f cordon s aroun d a transportatio nacciden t involvin g hazardou s chemicals ) appeare d mor e important
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However , a s I indicate d a t th e meeting , us e o f th e atmospheri c dispersio nmode l develope d fo r th e inhalatio npathwa ya s a startin g poin t fo r calculatio n o f depositio nsignificantl y increase s m yleve l o f concer n abou t th e modelin g approac hfo r th e vegetabl e and mil k ingestio n pathway s becaus e o f th e complexitie s o f th e physica l processe s involved
. Calculatio n o f depositio nusin g th e ver yconservativ e calculatio no f ai r concentratio nalon g th e centerlin e o f th e plum e substantiall y compound s th e degre e o f conservatis mi nth e analysi s becaus e o f assumption s o f maximu mdistributio n ove r a narea , a s wel l a s assumption s relate d t o plant/co wuptake , amount s o f vegetable s availabl e fo r huma nconsumption , amount s o f gras s availabl e fo r grazin g bya cow , an d availabilit yo f someon e t o drin k th e mil k fro mth e cow . Th e entir e analysi s become s reducti o a d absurdam
. Interdictio n o f mil k and foodstuff s woul d b e a respons e action , and I questio nth e nee d o f considerin g vegetabl e an d mil k ingestio npathway s i nth e developmen t o f reportabl e quantities , whic har e reall ytrigger s fo r notification
. I f I interpre t Exhibi t 3 o f th e secon d technica l referenc e documen t correctly , th e numbe r o f reportabl e quantitie s base d o ningestio nothe r tha n drinkin g wate r increase s fro mfou r i nth e NPR Mt o ove r 20 0 fo r th e nex t mos t likel yconditio n (conditio n#16)
. I believ e thi s increas e i s unjustifiabl e give nth e modelin g assumption s involved
. I nadditio nt o myconcern s abou t th e modelin g fo r th e determinatio no f th e reportabl e quantitites , I mus t strenuousl y objec t t o th e statemen t o n pag e 2 0 o f th e secon d technica l referenc e documen t tha t "EPAha s sinc e recognize d tha t .. . th e derivatio no f th e depositio n velocit yi nth e Nuclea r Regulator y Commissio nmode l i s incorrect. " Thi s statemen t i s completel y unsubstantiate d an d withou t basis
. First , th e reference * t o NR C Regulator yGuid e 1.10 9 i s incorrect
. Regulator yGuid e 1.11 1 present s th e base s fo r depositio no f airborn e material s fo r routin e releases
. Regulator yGuid e 1.11 1 ha s bee nuse d b yth e NR C and it s licensee s fo r abou t a decad e withou t modificatio n o r repudiation
. Second , th e methodolog yuse d i nRegulator yGuid e 1.11 1 doe s no t resul t i n a singl e depositio nvelocit yconsidere d i nth e determinatio no f amoun t o f materia l deposite d fro ma n airborn e plume
. Th e us e o f diffusivit ytheor y(th e basi s fo r th e Regulator yGuid e 1.11 1 approach ) i nth e determinatio no f materia l deposite d i s probabl ya bette r representatio no f actua l atmospheri c processe s tha nconsideratio no f a singl e depositio nvelocit yt o b e multiplie d wit ha relativ e concentratio n(X/Q ) t o determin e th e amoun t o f materia l deposited
. Base d o nm yexperience s wit hth e applicatio no f Regulator yGuid e 1.111 , a n"effective " depositio n velocit yca nb e compute d bydividin g th e relativ e depositio n (,D/Q)

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b yth e relativ e concentratio n(X/Q) , and thi s "effective " depositio nvelocit yi s generall yles s tha n1 centimeter/secon d typicall yassume d (o r abou t 1. 2 centimeter/secon d a s assume d i n th e technica l referenc e document)
. However , th e depositio nvelo ~ citie s determine d byth e tw o differen t approache s ar e no t reall y comparable
. EP Ashoul d remov e th e statemen t disparagin g th e NR C approac hfro mth e technica l referenc e documen t an d simpl ydiscus s th e differen t theoretica l approache s and th e differen t results
. However , I strongl ysugges t tha t depositio nfo r pathway s othe r tha ndrinkin g wate r i s no t a relevan t consideratio nfo r reportabl e quantities , an d certainl yno t supporte d byan ytechnica l referenc e document s tha t I hav e seen . I f depositio nfc r thes e othe r pathway s remain s a consideratio n o f EP Afo r th e determinatio n o f reportabl e quantities , I believ e tha t th e entir e modelin g base s fo r bot hingestio nan d inhalatio n woul d hav e t o b e re-examined
. I hop e yo u and you r colleague s a t EP Afind thes e comment s usefu l i nth e developmen t o f reportabl e quantitie s fo r radionuclides
. Sincerely , ^/4,rzy> X/ Jame s E . Fairoben t (X Offic e o f Environmenta l Guidanc e an d Complianc e
cc : Joh nRiley , EP A