LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc.

     www.landprosurveying.com

 305 Creekstone Ridge

 Woodstock, GA 30188

 Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com

October 22, 2015 

U.S. Department of Transportation 

Docket Management System 

1200 New Jersey Ave., SE 

Washington, DC 20590 

Exemption Request for LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. under Section 333 of the FAA Modernization 

and Reform Act of 2012 (FMRA) 

Dear Sir or Madam: 

Pursuant to Section 333 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (herein referred to as Reform Act) 

and 14 CFR Part 11, LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc., a Land Surveying firm, hereby applies for an 

exemption from the listed Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) to allow commercial operation of UAS for: 

1. Aerial surveying, mapping and data collection 

2. Remote sensing 

3. Educational and research operations 

4. Wildlife and forestry monitoring 

5. Aid in disaster and emergency management and monitoring, civil first response, communications relay, 

search and rescue, monitoring fire hazards, cleanup effort supervision, damage assessment and estimation 

6. Aid civil engineering: waterways and shipping, forestry, fishery protection, pollution control and air 

sampling and crop performance 

7. Railroad and motor vehicle road inspection 

8. Telecommunications infrastructure inspection 

9. Utility, Energy systems and electrical engineering inspections and asset management 

10. Agricultural surveying and produce field management 

11. Livestock management and accountability 

12. Unmanned aircraft training 

13. Aerial filmmaking and photography 

14. Construction site inspections and monitoring 

15. Oil and gas pipeline inspection/patrolling and oilfield inspection 

16. Real estate and marketing 

17. Aerial event security, surveillance and crowd management 

18. Aerial imagery evidence for property insurance claims

19. Stockpile monitoring

So long as such operations are conducted within and under the conditions outlined herein or as may be 

established by the FAA as required by Section 333. 
 LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc.

     www.landprosurveying.com

 305 Creekstone Ridge

 Woodstock, GA 30188

 Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com

As detailed in this document and the attached 3D Robotics X8+ Operation Manual (herein referred to as 

User Guides), the requested exemption would permit the operation of UAS under controlled conditions in 

airspace that is: 

1) Limited, 2) predetermined, 3) controlled as to access and 4) would provide safety enhancements to 

the already best practices safety protocols followed by LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. 

Approval of this exemption would thereby enhance safety and fulfill the Secretary of Transportation's 

responsibilities to "...establish requirements for the safe operation of such aircraft systems in the national 

airspace system." Section 333(c) Reform Act. 

The name and address of the applicant is: 

LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. 

305 Creekstone Ridge 

Woodstock, GA 30188 

James Rader 

Phone: 404-386-2170 

Email: jrader@landprosurveying.com 

Web Site: 

http://www.landprosurveying.com 
 LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc.

     www.landprosurveying.com

 305 Creekstone Ridge

 Woodstock, GA 30188

 Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com

Exemptions/Rule Making 

Regulations from which the exemption is requested: 

14 CFR Part 21 

14 CFR 45.23(b) 

14 CFR 45.29 

14 CFR 61.23 

14 CFR 61.113(a) & (b) 

14 CFR 91.7(a) 

14 CFR 91.9(b)(2) 

14 CFR 91.103 

14 CFR 91.109 

14 CFR 91.119 

14 CFR 91.121 

14 CFR 91.151(a) 

14 CFR 91.203(a) & (b) 

14 CFR 91.405(a) 

14 CFR 407(a)(1) 

14 CFR 409(a)(2) 

14 CFR 417(a) & (b) 

14 CFR Subpart E (91.401-91.417) 

AUTHORITY FOR EXEMPTIONS

The Federal Aviation Act expressly grants the FAA authority to issue exemptions. This statutory authority includes 

exempting civil aircraft, as the term is defined under §40101 of the Act, including UASs, from the requirement that 

all civil aircraft must have a current airworthiness certificate. 

The Administrator may grant an exemption from a requirement of a regulation prescribed under subsection (a) or 

(b) of this section or any sections §44702-44716 of this title if the Administrator finds the exemption in the public 

interest. 49 USC §44701(f). See also 49 USC §44711(a); 49 USC §44704; 14 CFR 91.203(a)(1). 

Section 333(b) of the Reform Act assists the Secretary in determining whether UASs may operate in the national 

airspace system without creating a hazard to the user, the public, or a threat to national security. In making this 

determination, the Secretary must consider: 

▪ The UAS size, weight, speed and operational capability; 

▪ Whether the UAS operates within the visual line of sight of the operator; 

▪ Whether the UAS operates outside of highly populated areas and away from close proximity to airports. 

Reform Act 333(a). If the Secretary determines that a UAS "may operate safely in the national airspace system, 

the Secretary shall establish requirements for the safe operation of such aircraft in the national airspace system." 

Id. 333(c). 
 LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc.

     www.landprosurveying.com

 305 Creekstone Ridge

 Woodstock, GA 30188

 Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com

The 3D Robotics X8+ is a multi-rotor aircraft weighing 7.3 pounds, including payload. It has the ability to operate 

under normal conditions at a speed of no more than 10 knots and has the capability to hover and move in the 

vertical and horizontal plane simultaneously. The UAS will operate only in the pilot's or visual observer's visual 

line of sight at all times. Such operations will insure that the UAS will "not create a hazard to users of the national 

airspace system or the public." Reform Act Section 333(b). 

Given the small size of the UAS involved and the restricted environment within which they will operate, our 

application falls squarely within the zone of safety (an equivalent level of safety) in which Congress envisioned 

that the FAA must, by exemption, allow commercial operations of UASs to commence immediately. Also due to 

the small size of the UAS and the low altitudes in which our UAS will operate, approval of the application presents 

no national security issue. 

VEHICLE DESCRIPTION

The UAS LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. proposes to use is constructed by 3DRobotics and referred to as 

the X8+. The X8+ is commonly referred to as an octocopter (8 rotors and 8 motors) which weighs a total of 5.6 

pounds without payload and is powered by lithium polymer batteries. It can carry payloads up to 1.7 pounds 

resulting in a total weight of no more than 7.3 pounds and has an operational range of up to 0.6 nautical miles. 

The X8+ can be operated with a maximum wind threshold of 25 miles per hour (MPH) for sustained winds and 

wind gusts up to 30 (MPH) 

The X8+ can be operated entirely by a touch-screen, map-based interface. This means the operator 

only needs to command the system where to go, and the system does all the flying for the operator. 

The X8+ can be operated in both semi and fully autonomous flight modes, with the operator simply 

clicking on a map to create a preplanned flight path for a flight. In addition, the operator can create no 

fly zones or maximum flight ranges and altitudes so the system cannot enter areas deemed unsafe or 

unnecessary to fly over. 

The UAS has built-in intelligent fault handling which allows the X8+ to detect a system fault while in 

the air and automatically fly back to its take-off location and land. Faults that can be detected 

include: loss of communication; exceeding preset wind thresholds; and low battery levels. 

All flight operations are global positioning system (GPS) controlled, making the system easy to 

navigate. At any point if the operator is not explicitly commanding the system to move, the system 

automatically holds its GPS position. Also a flight termination link - to prevent a "fly away" or other 

potentially dangerous situation - is available to the operator. 

PILOT IN COMMAND

The Pilot in Command for all UAS activities for LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. will be Gregory 

Hansen (henceforth referred to as pilot, PIC, or pilot-in-command), a highly experienced recreational 

UAS operator who is experienced in the operation, construction and maintenance of multiple types of 

UAS with a specialization in multirotors and is currently in the process of obtaining his Private Pilot’s 

License to meet 49 USC §44703 and 49 USC §44711 requirement that the PIC hold an FAA airman 

certificate in order to operate an aircraft in the National Airspace System. All requirements for 

successful licensure will be met during the application for exemption process and no UAS activity shall 

be conducted until successful licensure is complete.
 LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc.

     www.landprosurveying.com

 305 Creekstone Ridge

 Woodstock, GA 30188

 Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com

DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC REGULATIONS

14 CFR Part 21, Subpart H: Airworthiness certificates 

Subpart H, establishes the procedural requirements for the issuance of airworthiness certificates as required by 

FAR §91.203(a)(1). Given the size and limited operating area associated with the aircraft to be utilized by LandPro 

Surveying and Mapping, Inc., an exemption from Part 21 Subpart H meets the requirements of an equivalent level 

of safety under Part 11 and Section 333 of the Reform Act. The Federal Aviation Act (49 USC §44701(f) and 

Section 333 of the Reform Act both authorize the FAA to exempt aircraft from the requirement for an airworthiness 

certificate, upon consideration of the size, weight, speed, operational capability and proximity to airports and 

populated areas of the particular UAS. In all cases, an analysis of these criteria demonstrates that the UAS 

operated without an airworthiness certificate, in the restricted environment and under the conditions proposed, will 

be at least as safe, or safer, than a conventional aircraft operating with an airworthiness certificate without the 

restrictions and conditions proposed. 

14 CFR 45.23(b) & 14 CFR 45.29: Marking of the aircraft; Display of Marks; Size of Marks 

This regulation requires that certain experimental, provisionally certified aircraft, or light-sport category aircraft to 

be marked with letters between 2 inches and 6 inches high "limited", "restricted" "light-sport," "experimental," or 

"provisional," near each entrance to a cabin, cockpit or pilot station. Even though the UAS will have no 

airworthiness certificate, an exemption may be needed as the UAS will have no entrance to the cabin, cockpit or 

pilot station on which the word "Experimental" can be placed. Given the size of the UAS, 2 inch lettering will be 

impossible. LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. will mark the UAS with the organization's name and address. 

A QR Code attached to the aircraft will also be linked to LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. 
 LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc.

     www.landprosurveying.com

 305 Creekstone Ridge

 Woodstock, GA 30188

 Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com

14 CFR 61.23: Medical certificates; Requirement and duration 

Regulations provide that a person: 

(1) Must hold a first-class medical certificate: 

- When exercising the pilot-in-command privileges of an airline transport pilot certificate; 

- When exercising the second-in-command privileges of an airline transport pilot certificate in a flag or 

supplemental operation in part 121 of this chapter that requires three or more pilots; or 

- When serving as a required pilot flight crew member in an operation conducted under part 121 of this 

chapter if the pilot has reached his or her 60th birthday. 

(2) Must hold at least a second class medical certificate when exercising: 

- Second-in-command privileges of an airline transport pilot certificate in part 121 of this chapter (other 

than operations specified in paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section); or 

- Privileges of a commercial pilot certificate. 

Given the size of the UAS, their structure, the limited flight area and the safety features integrated into the 

autopilot (among others the flight termination system), LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. believes that an 

Equivalent Level of Safety can be reached if the pilot-in-command has both a third-class medical certificate, as 

required to exercise the privileges of a private pilot, and a valid United States driver's license. 

14 CFR 61.113(a) & (b): Private pilot privileges and limitations: Pilot in command 

Sections 61.113(a) and (b) limit private pilots to non-commercial operations. Because the UAS will not carry a 

pilot or passengers, the proposed operations can achieve the equivalent level of safety of current operations by 

requiring the pilot operating the aircraft to have completed UAS manufacturer’s flight training before flying a UAS. 

Unlike a conventional aircraft that carries the pilot and passengers, the UAS is remotely controlled with no living 

thing or cargo on board. The area of operation is controlled and restricted, and all flights are planned and 

coordinated in advance as set forth in the User Guide. The risks associated with the operation of the small UAS 

are so diminished from the level of risk associated with commercial operations contemplated by Part 61 when 

drafted, that allowing operations of the UAS as requested exceeds the present level of safety achieved by 14 

CFR 61.113(a) and (b). 

14 CFR 91.7(a): Civil aircraft airworthiness 

The regulation requires that no person may operate a civil aircraft unless it is in airworthy condition. As there will 

be no airworthiness certificate issued for the aircraft, should this exemption be granted, no FAA regulatory 

standard will exist for determining airworthiness. Given the size of the aircraft and the requirements contained in 

the User Guide for maintenance and use of safety checklists by the pilot-in-command prior to each flight an 

equivalent level of safety will be provided. 

14 CFR 91.9(b)(2): Civil aircraft flight manual, marking and placard requirements 

The UAS, given its size and configuration has no ability or place to carry such a flight manual on the aircraft, not 

only because there is no pilot on board, but because there is no room or capacity to carry such an item on the 

aircraft. 

The equivalent level of safety will be maintained by keeping the User Manual at the ground control point where 

the pilot flying the UAS will have immediate access to it. 
 LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc.

     www.landprosurveying.com

 305 Creekstone Ridge

 Woodstock, GA 30188

 Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com

14 CFR 91.103: Preflight action 

This regulation requires each pilot in command take certain actions before flight to ensure the safety of flight. An 

exemption is needed from this requirement as the pilot will take separate preflight actions, including checking for 

weather conditions, checking flight battery requirements, checking takeoff and landing distances, and all other 

actions in the User Guide and safety checklists. These actions will provide an equivalent level of safety. 

14 CFR 91.109: Flight instruction 

Section 91.103 provides that no person may operate a civil aircraft (except a manned free balloon) that is being 

used for flight instruction unless that aircraft has fully functioning dual controls. By design, UASs and remotely 

piloted aircraft do not have fully functional dual controls. Flight control is accomplished through the use of a 

control box that communicates with the aircraft via radio communications. The equivalent level of safety is 

provided by the fact that neither a pilot nor passengers will be carried in the aircraft, the ability to control the 

UAS via radio signals from the controller and by the size and speed of the aircraft. 

14 CFR 91.119: Minimum safe altitudes 

Section 91.119 establishes safe altitudes for operation of civil aircraft. Section 91.119(d) allows helicopters to 

be operated at less than the minimums prescribed, provided the person operating the helicopter complies with 

any route or altitudes prescribed for helicopters by the FAA. This exemption is for a multi-rotor craft that flies 

similarly to a helicopter, with vertical takeoff and vertical landing, which will typically operate at altitudes of 200 

feet above ground level (AGL), so an exemption may be needed to allow such operations. The UAS will never 

operate at altitude higher than the 200 feet AGL blanket COA unless a specific COA is required and granted. 

All operations will occur during daylight hours under Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC) only. 

The equivalent level of safety will be achieved given the size, weight and speed of the UAS as well as the 

location where it is operated. No flight will be taken without the permission of the property owner or local 

officials. Because advance notice to the property owner and any on-site personnel, as well as the precautions 

outlined below, all affected individuals will be aware of the planned flight operations. 

Flight operations will be conducted at least 500 feet from all non-participating persons (persons other than the 

pilot in command (PIC) or visual observer (VO), vessels, vehicles and structures, unless: 

1. Barriers or structures are present that sufficiently protect non-participating persons from debris in the 

event of an accident. The PIC will ensure that non-participating persons remain under such protection. 

If a situation arises where non-participating persons leave such protection and are within 500 feet of 

the UAS, flight operations will cease immediately and/or; 

2. The aircraft is operated near vessels, vehicles or structures where the land owner/controller has 

granted permission and the PIC has made a safety assessment of the risk of operating closer to those 

objects and; 

3. Operations near the PIC or VO do not present an undue hazard to the PIC or VO, per 14 CFR 91.119(a). 

The UAS will remain within visual line of sight of the PIC or VO. Flight operations will be conducted at lease 5 

miles from an airport and at least 3 miles from any city or densely populated area. The PIC or VO will provide 
 LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc.

     www.landprosurveying.com

 305 Creekstone Ridge

 Woodstock, GA 30188

 Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com

notification to the local Flight Standards District Office and airport controller of all operations within 5 miles of an 

airport. The FAA will have advance notice of all operations through the filing of notices-to-airmen. 

Compared to flight operations with aircraft or rotor craft weighing far more than the UAS proposed herein and 

carrying flammable fuel, any risk associated with our operations if far less than those presently presented with 

helicopters and other conventional aircraft operating at or below 500 feet AGL. In addition, the low-altitude 

operations of the UAS will ensure separation between these UAS operations and the operations of conventional 

aircraft that must comply with Section 91.119. 

14 CFR 91.121: Altimeter Settings 

This regulation requires each person operating the aircraft to maintain cruising altitude by reference to an 

altimeter that is set "...to the elevation of the departure airport or an appropriate altimeter setting available 

before departure." As the UAS may not have a barometric altimeter, but instead a GPS altitude read out, an 

exemption may be needed. An equivalent level of safety will be achieved by the PIC confirming the altitude of 

the launch site shown on the GPS altitude indicator before flight. 

14 CFR 91.151(a): Fuel requirements for flight in VFR conditions 

Section 91.151(a) outlines fuel requirements for beginning a flight in VFR conditions. Our UAS is limited to 

operations in controlled environments and has a limited flight time which require an exemption from 14 CFR 

91.151(a). 

The battery powering the UAS provides approximately 20 minutes of powered flight. This would render the 

UAS unable to meet the 30 minute reserve requirement in 14 CFR 91.151. Given the limitations on the 

UAS's proposed flight area and the location of its proposed operations within a predetermined area, a longer 

time frame for flight in daylight VFR conditions is reasonable. 

An equivalent level of safety can be achieved by limiting flights to 20 minutes, or enough battery reserve to 

ensure that the UAS lands at the ground station with at least 20% of battery power (as determined by the 

on-board monitoring system and the PIC), whichever happens first. This restriction would be more than 

adequate to return the UAS to its planned landing zone from anywhere in its limited operating area. 

14 CFR 91.203(a) & (b): Carrying civil aircraft certification and registration 

The UAS has no cabin, cockpit or pilot station and is operated without an on-board pilot. Therefore, there is 

no ability or place to carry certification and registration documents or to display them on the UAS. 

An equivalent level of safety will be achieved by keeping these documents at the ground control point where 

the pilot flying the UAS will have immediate access to them, to the extent they are applicable to the UAS. 

14 CFR 91.405(a); 407(a)(1); 409(a)(2); 417(a) & (b): Maintenance inspections 

These regulations require that an aircraft operator or owner "shall have that aircraft inspected as prescribed 

in subpart E of this part and shall between required inspections, except as provided in paragraph (c) of this 

section, have discrepancies repaired as prescribed in part 43 of this chapter...," and others shall inspect or 

maintain the aircraft in compliance with Part 43. 
 LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc.

     www.landprosurveying.com

 305 Creekstone Ridge

 Woodstock, GA 30188

 Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com

Given that these sections and part 43 apply only to aircraft with an airworthiness certificate, these sections 

will not apply to LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. Maintenance will be accomplished by the pilot 

pursuant to the User Guide. An equivalent level of safety will be achieved because these UASs are very 

limited in size and will carry a small payload and operate only in restricted areas for limited periods of time. If 

mechanical issues arise, the UAS can land immediately and will be operating from no higher than 500 feet 

AGL (within required COA). As provided in the User Guide, the pilot will ensure that the UAS is in working 

order prior to initiating flight, perform required maintenance and keep a log of any maintenance performed. 

Moreover, the pilot is the person most familiar with the aircraft and best suited to maintain the aircraft in an 

airworthy condition to provide the equivalent level of safety. 

PUBLIC INTEREST

Approval of exemptions allowing commercial operations of UASs for precision aerial surveys enhances safety 

while reducing risk. Manned aircraft monitoring and surveying creates a greater risk because the craft are much 

larger, have combustible fuel, and carry an on-board human pilot. In contrast, a UAS weighing 8 pounds and 

powered by batteries eliminates virtually all of that risk given the reduced mass and lack of combustible fuel 

carried on board. The UAS will carry no passengers or crew and, therefore, will not expose them to the risks 

associated with manned aircraft flights. 

Conducting aerial surveys with the 3D Robotics X8+, instead of manned aircraft, will greatly benefit the public by 

drastically reducing the levels of air and noise pollution generated during traditional aerial survey flight 

operations. By using battery power and electric motors, the 3D Robotics X8+ produces no air pollution and is a 

viable, environmentally conscious alternative to the cabin class, six cylinder internal combustion twin engine 

aircraft that are typically utilized for aerial surveys, while burning approximately 20-30 gallons per hour of leaded 

aviation fuel. The X8+, while reducing the carbon footprint of aerial surveys, also reduce noise pollution as the 

UAS is propelled by battery powered electric motors rather than an internal combustion engine. 

EQUIVALENT LEVEL OF SAFETY 

LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. proposes that the exemption requested herein apply to civil aircraft that 

have the characteristics and that operate within the limitations listed herein. These limitations provide for at least 

an equivalent or even higher level of safety to operations under the current regulatory structure because the 

proposed operations represent a safety enhancement to the already safe protocols followed by aerial survey 

operations conducted with helicopters and other conventional aircraft. 

LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. will be bound by the following limitations when conducting its UASs 

operations under an FAA issued exemption: 

1. The UAS will weigh less than 9 pounds. 

2. Flights will be operated within line of sight of a pilot and/or observer. 

3. Maximum total flight time for each operations flight will be 20 minutes. Flights will be terminated at 20% 

battery power reserve should that occur prior to the 20 minute limit. 

4. Flights will be operated at an altitude of no more than 200 feet AGL (500 feet with appropriate COA). 

5. Flight operations will be conducted 5 miles from an airport and at least 3 miles from any city or densely 

populated area, which are depicted in yellow on VFR sectional charts. 
 LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc.

     www.landprosurveying.com

 305 Creekstone Ridge

 Woodstock, GA 30188

 Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com

6. Flight operations within 5 miles of an airport require notification and approval from the local Flight 

Standards District Office and airport controller. 

7. Flight operations will occur during daylight hours and under visual meteorological conditions only. 

8. The FAA will have advance notice of all operations through the filing of notices-to-airmen. 

9. Minimum crew for each operation will consist of the UAS pilot and visual observer/camera operator. 

10. The pilot and visual observer will have been trained in the operation of the UAS. 

11. The pilot and visual observer will at all times be able to communicate by voice and/or text. 

12. Written and/or oral permission from the relevant property holders will be obtained. 

13. Flight operations will be conducted at least 500 feet from all non-participating persons, vessels, vehicles 

and structures unless: 

a. Barriers or structures are present that sufficiently protect non-participating persons from debris in 

the event of an accident. The pilot will ensure that non-participating persons remain under such 

protection. If a situation arises where non-participating persons leave such protection and are 

within 500 feet of the UAS, flight operations will cease immediately and/or; 

b. The aircraft is operated near vessels, vehicles or structures where the land owner/controller has 

granted permission and the PIC has made a safety assessment of the risk of operating closer to 

those objects and; 

c. Operations near the pilot or visual observer do not present an undue hazard to the pilot or visual 

observer. 

14. If the UAS loses communication or loses its GPS signal, the UAS will have the capability to return to a 

safe, pre-determined location and land. 

15. The UAS will have the capability to abort flight in case of unpredicted obstacles or emergencies. 

PRIVACY

All flights will occur over private or controlled access property with the property owner's prior consent and 

knowledge. Images taken will be of individuals who have also consented to being filmed or otherwise have agreed 

to be in the area where aerial photography will take place. 

FEDERAL REGISTER SUMMARY

Satisfaction of the criteria provided in Section 333 of the Reform Act of 2012 - size, weight, speed, operating 

capabilities, proximity to airports and populated areas and operation within visual line of sight and national security 

- provide more than adequate justification for the grant of the requested exemptions allowing commercial operation 

of LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. UAS for precision aerial surveys and aerial imagery capture. 

Sincerely, 

James Rader 

LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. 
X8+

Operation Manual
Meet the X8

+

Thank you for purchasing an X8+! The X8 is a powerful octocopter platform for aerial video. Review this manual in its entirety before your first flight. Additional instructions can be found in the X8 information portal at 3DR.com/X8/info. Happy flying!
Contents

Parts 2Setup 4Assembly 4Ground Station 5Power Management 7Charging 8Safety 8Controller Battery 9Powering the X8 10Connecting to a Ground Station 11Flight Basics 12Safety 12Operating Limits 13Controls 14Modes 17Return to Launch 19Failsafes 20Status Indicators 22

Flight Procedures Takeoff Landing Monitoring Missions Planning Saving Initiating Ending Appendix Troubleshooting Maintenance Specs Resources 
Parts

USB adapter

Ground Station Radio

Android adapter

SF propellers (4)SFP propellers (4)

Charger and accessoriesGuard bag

RC Controller Propellers Battery Kit 

Flight battery Radio
X8+
Setup: AssemblyThe X8 arrives in travel configuration. Complete these steps to prepare the X8 for flight.1 Unfold Arms

12

Remove the bolts and thumbnuts near the two folded black arms (1). Unfold the black arms, re-insert the bolts, and secure with the thumbnuts (2).12

X8 Assembly: Unfold Arms
2 Unfold LegsRemove the bolts and nuts to the inside of the folded legs (1), unfold the legs, re-insert the bolts, and secure with the nuts (2).

3 Attach PropelleThe X8 uses SF and SFP propeller packages and below shows which motassembly of SF and SFP To attach each propellerand add the correct type the sky. (This is a tight fit; motor.) Replace the waswrench to tighten the nu

12

X8 Assembly: Unfold Legs

top motor: SF

bottom motor: SFP

bottom motor: SF

top motor: SFP

X8 Prop
Ground StationA ground station is a laptop or tablet running an ArduPilot-compatible mission control application. In the field, a ground station helps you monitor the X8 during flight, plan missions, and troubleshoot issues. We recommend using a ground station at all times with the X8. To set up a ground station, choose a platform below and visit 3DR.com/download_software to install the application.

Windows

Mission Planner

OS X

APM Planner

Android

DroidPlanner 2

Important Note About Vehicle Setup in Mission Planner and APM Planner:Your X8 has been pre-configured at the factory and is ready to fly. Re-performing the calibrations on the Initial Setup screen, including the mandatory hardware configurations and setup wizard, can adversely affect the performance of your aircraft.iOS? There are currently no ground station applications available for iOS.
Power ManagementThe X8 is powered by a rechargeable lithium polymer (LiPo) battery. When fully charged, the battery provides up to 15 minutes of flight time depending on payload, environmental conditions, and flying style. Flying with a gimbal, GoPro, and FPV system can reduce flight time by up to 5 minutes. Flying aggressively or in high winds can affect power consumption and reduce flight time. Monitor power consumption using the flight data display on the controller (press and hold the DN button).When the battery reaches the low voltage limit, the X8 initiates a low battery failsafe and lands automatically at the current position. (See page 20 for more information about failsafes.) To avoid a low battery failsafe, regularly check the controller’s flight data display to monitor battery voltage, and end your flight before the battery reaches the low voltage limit.

Press a

button to 

flight battery mAh consumed since armeAnother way to monitor power consumption Monitor the mAh on the controller, and ensuexceed 8,000 mAh (80% of the battery’s avmAh can render the battery permanently un

Do not exceed 8,000 mAh for a fu

flight battery level Full battery: 16.8 VLow battery limit: 14 V

End your flight at 14.1 V.

!

Controller Flight Data Display: Screen 1

!
ChargingCharge the battery before your first flight!1 Connect the charger to the power adapter cable and plug the adapter cable into a wall outlet. Connect the red cable to the + port and the black cable to the - port.

+

–

2 Set the charger to LiPo and 3A.

LiPo 3A

3 Connect the battery’s white connector to the charger’s 4S port, and join the two yellow connectors together. 

4S

4 Secure the battery inside the guard bag, and charge until the status indicator displays green.

Charging

Complete

Charger with power cable and split-wire charging cable

Charger settings

Flight battery charging wiring Charging in process
Controller BatteryThe controller is powered by 8 AA batteries (included). The controller’s flight data display allows you to monitor the voltage of the controller. When fully charged, the controller displays 12 V; when completely out of charge, the controller displays 9 V. Replace the batteries when the controller displays 9.1 V.

Press a

button to v

controller battery level (9-12 V)

Controller Flight Data Display: Screen 1 Replace controller batteries at 9.1 

!
10

Powering the X8

Follow these steps to power the X8.

2

To power on the X8, join the yellow connector on the battery with 

the yellow connector on the X8. Keep the X8 still and level while 

it powers on and initializes the sensors. When the status LED 

displays blinking blue, the sensors have completed initialization and 

you can move the X8.

It is important to establish 

communication before powering 

on the X8. Always turn on the 

controller before connecting the 

battery. When powering off the 

X8, disconnect the battery before 

turning off the controller.

1

Turn on the controller. Ensure that the switches 

are set to CH 7 OFF, STD, and RTL OFF.

RC controller

Stabalize

Altitude Hold

Loiter

Full Autonomy

Stabalize

Altitude Hold

Loiter

Full Autonomy

X8: Connect battery, keep level while initializing

Stabalize

Altitude Hold

Loiter

Full Autonomy

CH 7 switch Mode switch RTL switch

Initializing, keep still and level

Initializing complete

Status LED indicators:

3

When the initialization process is complete, turn over 

the X8 and secure the battery to the underside of the 

vehicle using the velcro straps.

X8: Secure battery

!
11

Connecting to a Ground Station

To connect the X8 to a ground station, connect the ground station radio to 

your laptop or tablet and power the X8.

Tablet (DroidPlanner)

1 

Connect the ground station radio to your 

laptop using the USB adapter. Open 

Mission Planner or APM Planner.

3

Select Flight Data to view live data from the X8.

2

Select AUTO and 57600, then select CONNECT. 

(When connecting directly to Pixhawk’s 

micro-USB port, set the rate to 115200.)

Ground station laptop with radio connected

Mission Planner Connect tool (top-right corner)

Mission Planner Flight Data tab: connected to aircraft

Laptop (Mission Planner/APM Planner)

1

Connect the blue end of the Android adapter 

to your device and the black end to the radio.

2

Select Connect.

Ground station tablet with radio connected DroidPlanner: Connect icon
Flight Basics: Safety

To ensure safe and successful flying, always fly in accordance with your location regulations and these best operating practices.Before you fly, determine the boundaries of your safe flying area. If the X8 moves outside the designated area or exhibits instability in flight, switch to standard mode and land the X8 manually.The X8 cannot avoid obstacles on its own, including during missions. As the operator, it’s your responsibility to recognize and avoid obstructions while flying. Always be ready to regain manual control of the X8 in the event of an unsafe situation. 

visual line of sight 

100 ft (30 m) 

Always fly below 400 ft (120 m) and within your visual line of sight. Don’t let the X8 get too far away from you; make sure you can always see its orientation. Don’t fly in low light, high winds, rain, or other conditions that might impede visibility.

visual line of sight 400 ft (120 m)

100 ft (30 m) 5 miles (8 

visual line of sight 400 ft (120 m)

100 ft (30 m) 5 miles (8 km)

Spinnbuttopreveprope•    •     

visual line of sight 400 ft (120 m)

100 ft (30 m) 5 miles (8 km)

visual line of sight 400 ft (120 m)

100 ft (30 m) 5 miles (8 km)

Location

Propellers
Operating LimitsAlways fly within the X8’s operating limits.

Maximum altitude* 100 m (328 ft)Range* 300 m (984 ft) from launch pointGPS lock GPS lock required at all timesMaximum estimated flight time 15 minPayload capacity 800 g (1.7 lbs)

X8+ Operating Limits*While geofence enabled (default)
14

Maneuver the X8 in flight using the 

controller’s two joysticks.

left stick:

throttle

& yaw

right stick:

pitch

& roll

Left Stick

Left Stick

Move the throttle 

stick below center to 

decrease altitude. 

Set the throttle stick 

to center to maintain 

the current altitude.

left stick

Left Stick

Left Stick

Move the left stick vertically to control altitude.

Set the throttle stick 

fully down to land 

once the X8 is a few 

inches above the 

ground.

Left Stick

To take off and to 

gain altitude, push the 

throttle stick slightly 

above center position. 

Left Stick Left Stick

Controls

Throttle
15

Flight Tip

When adjusting orientation, move the left stick horizontally without changing its 

vertical position.

ver + Land

wer just slightly

hover

ft Yaw

Left

Righ

ght Yaw

activate

d until propellers

p spinning

ver + Land

wer just slightly

hover

ft Yaw

Left

Righ

ght Yaw

activate

ld until propellers

p spinning

Move the stick to 

the left to rotate 

counterclockwise.

Move the stick 

to the right to 

rotate clockwise.

left stick

Left Stick

Release the stick to 

stop rotating and 

maintain the current 

orientation.

Move the left stick horizontally to rotate the X8 and change orientation. 

For a slow rotation, move the stick slightly away from the center

in either direction. Moving the stick farther from the center creates 

a faster rotation.

Left Stick

Yaw
16

Left

Back

Forward

Right

Left

Back

Forward

Right

Move the right 

stick forward 

to fly forward.

right stick

Move the right 

stick back to fly 

backward.

The right stick allows you to control the X8’s position in the air. Move the right stick to tell the 

X8 to move in that direction: forward (toward the blue arms), back (toward the black arms), 

left (toward the left arms), or right (towards the right arms). How far you move the stick from 

the center before releasing it tells the X8 how fast to move. 

Left

Back

Forward

Right

Left

Back

Forward

Right

Move the right 

stick left to fly 

left.

Move the right 

stick right to fly 

right.

Flight Tip

The X8 moves according to its orientation. The blue arms face forward, and the black 

arms face backward. Before using the right stick, use yaw to keep the X8 facing in 

outward orientation so that the black arms face towards you and the blue arms and face 

away from you.

Pitch and Roll
17

!

Standard (altitude hold mode)

STD

fly manually

Start your flight in standard to select altitude hold mode, 

and fly manually using the controller.

Loiter mode

LTR

hover

Select loiter to hover in place automatically. Use the controller 

to adjust the X8’s position then release the sticks to hold 

that position. Loiter is a great way for beginners to learn how to fly! 

If you’re new to flying, start your first flight in loiter instead of standard.

Stabalize

Altitude Hold

Loiter

Full Autonomy

Stabalize

Altitude Hold

Loiter

Full Autonomy

Return to Launch

mode switch

The X8 includes three flight modes: manual flight 

(STD-altitude hold), hover mode (LTR-loiter), and 

mission flight (AUTO). Use the switch on the 

right side of the controller to select a flight mode.

To avoid sudden changes in altitude, set the throttle 

stick to center position before switching modes, 

including in the event of a GPS failsafe. See page 20 

for more information about failsafes.

Modes
18

Auto mode

AUTO

fly a mission

Select auto mode to fly an autonomous mission. The X8 

automatically flies the series of waypoints saved to the autopilot. 

See the Missions section on page 28 for instructions on planning and flying missions.

Altitude Hold

Loiter

Full Autonomy

Return to Launch

Gimbal control

TILT

tilt the camera up and down

Connect a Tarot Gimbal (sold separately), and use the TILT knob to control the 

angle of the camera in flight. Visit 3DR.com/X8/info for instructions. Stabalize

Altitude Hold

Loiter

Full Autonomy

Land

CH 7

land at the current position

Set the CH 7 switch to ON to end your flight and land at the current position. 

Once you activate land, set the throttle stick fully down, and the X8 

automatically disarms after landing. The X8 does not disarm automatically 

unless the throttle stick is set fully down.

Reposition during landing: During landing, use the right 

stick on the controller to adjust the X8’s position.

! Do not activate auto mode unless you have saved 

a mission to the X8 using a ground station application.
19

land at the launch point

Set the RTL switch to ON to end your flight and return the X8 to 

the launch point automatically. Once you activate RTL, set the 

throttle stick fully down, and the X8 automatically disarms after 

landing. The X8 does not disarm automatically unless the throttle 

stick is set fully down.

When commanded to RTL, the X8:

1 Achieves minimum altitude of 15 m (50 ft) or maintains current altitude 

 if above 15 m.

2 Moves to launch point and loiters for 5 seconds.

3 Lands at launch point. Wait for a few seconds until the X8 disarms 

automatically.

launch point

1 15 meters 2

3

hover 5 seconds

Altitude Hold

Loiter

Full Autonomy

Return to Launch

Return to Launch

Reposition during landing: During landing, use the right 

stick on the controller to adjust the X8’s position.

! RTL returns the X8 to the location where it was armed. 

Always arm the X8 at a safe, unobstructed launch point.
20

Failsafes

400 ft

(120 m)

400 ft

(120 m)

Low Battery Failsafe

Environmental conditions, payload, and flying style can affect power 

consumption. Use the controller’s flight data display to monitor the 

voltage of the battery during flight.

If the battery reaches 14 V, the X8 lands automatically at the current 

position, indicated by a blinking yellow status LED and a quick 

repeating tone.

The X8 is programmed with a set of failsafe behaviors to prevent a crash in 

the event of a loss of one of the data or communication channels required for 

flight. Although certain failsafes have assigned LED indicators and tones, it is 

unlikely that you will be able to see these at a distance. Monitor the ground 

station for failsafe indications. If a failsafe is triggered, the assigned behavior 

activates. To override the failsafe behavior, use the controller to switch to 

standard mode and regain manual control. 

RC Controller Signal Failsafe

Physical obstructions and interference from nearby wireless signals can affect 

the X8’s connection with the controller. 

If the X8 loses contact with the controller, it returns to the launch point and lands 

automatically, indicated by a blinking yellow status LED.
21

GPS Failsafe

The X8 requires GPS lock before takeoff. Enclosed areas, physical 

obstructions, and lack of available satellites can affect GPS strength. If 

the X8 loses GPS lock in flight, it triggers a GPS failsafe—indicated by 

a blinking blue and yellow LED with a high-high-high-low tone—and 

automatically switch to manual control (standard - altitude hold mode). 

Always be prepared to regain manual control at any time while flying and 

choose an unobstructed flying area to improve GPS signal strength. When 

flying a mission, we recommended changing the GPS failsafe behavior to 

land. (Visit 3DR.com/X8/info for more information about configuring the 

GPS failsafe.)

Altitude Failsafe

The X8 has a 100 m (328 ft) altitude geofence enabled by default. If the 

geofence is breached, the X8 automatically switches to RTL.

400 ft

(120 m)

manual 

control

100 m

(328 ft)

Range Failsafe

The X8 has a 300 m (984 ft) horizontal geofence enabled by 

default. If the X8 travels farther than 300 m from the launch point, 

it automatically returns to the launch point and lands. If you plan to 

fly a mission that exceeds this range, you will need to disable the 

horizontal geofence. (Visit 3DR.com/X8/info for instructions.) The 

range failsafe is disabled in the event of a GPS failsafe.
22

Status Indicators

Low battery, automatic landing

Loss of RC signal, automatic landing

Pre-arm safety check failure—connect to a ground station 

and see the troubleshooting section

Loss of GPS signal, switch to standard mode (altitude hold)

Initializing, hold the X8 still and level

Acquiring GPS, please wait

Armed

Autopilot ready, GPS locked

Status LED

The Pixhawk LED indicates the status of the X8. During flight, the LED won’t 

be visible; instead, use a ground station to view the status of the X8. Visit 

3DR.com/X8/info to listen to Pixhawk’s status tones.

X8 Status LED

LED
23

Safety Button

The safety button indicates the status of the motors 

to allow you to arm and disarm the X8 safely.

Safety button

X8 Safety Button

Motors inactive, safe to handle

Motors active, deactivate before handling
24

Flight Procedures: Takeoff

Follow these steps to take off.

» Propellers are attached tightly to the motors in the correct order and 

 the GPS mast is oriented vertically.

» The X8 is powered with the battery secured to the underside of the 

 vehicle. (Remember to hold the X8 still and level while the sensors 

 initialize.)

» The controller is set to CH 7 OFF, standard (STD) mode (loiter mode for 

 beginners), and RTL OFF.

» The status LED displays blinking green, indicating that the X8 has 

 acquired GPS lock. This can take a few minutes depending on your 

 flying location. 

» The X8 is situated at a safe, unobstructed launch point, facing away 

 from you.

Checklist
25

Arm

After completing the checklist, you’re ready to fly! Arming and disarming are 

important steps that must be completed before takeoff and after landing. 

Use the safety button and the controller to arm the X8.

1

Press and hold the safety button until it 

displays solid red. This indicates that the 

X8 is now active. Stand back!

Motors inactive, safe to handle

Motors active, deactivate before 

handling

2

To arm the motors, hold the left stick 

down/right until the motors spin.

Controller left stick: arming position

Safety button indicators

! The arming and disarming procedures ensure that you can safety start and 

stop motors without risk of injury. The X8’s motors will spin when armed! Make 

sure the propellers are clear of any obstructions, including your hands, before 

arming. Do not handle the propellers or pick up the X8 while the safety button 

is active (solid red).
Landing

1Press and hold the safety button until it blinks red. The motors are now inactive, and the X8 is safe to handle.

2To disarm the motors, hold the left stick down/left until the motors stop.

Disarm

For manual landing in standard or loiter mode:

Motors inactive, safe to handle

Motors active, deactivate before handling

Safety button indicators Controller left stick: disarming position

! Do not handle the propellers or pick up the copter while the safety button is active (solid red). Remember to disconnect the battery before turning off the 

controller when powering off.

If you end your flight using the Ch 7 land command or RTL, the X8 disarms automatically; wait for the motors to stop, and proceed to powering off. Attempting to disarm the X8 in either land mode or RTL mode can cause the cause the copter to flip.
Monitoring

Press and hold the DN button to access the flight data screensPress DN again to toggle between screens.

current flight modecontroller battery leGPS signal strengt

meters from launch point

flight battery level (

connection strength

current latitude

current longitude

altitude in meters

flight time

altitude in meters

GPS status

speed in m/s

flight battery mAh consumed since aEnd your flight at 1Do not exceed 800fully charged X8+ available capacity)

!

Monitor the X8 in flight using the controller’s flight data screens.

Controller

Controller Flight Data Display: Screen 1

Controller Flight Data Display: Screen 2
MissionsThe X8’s Pixhawk autopilot is capable of flying an autonomous mission without operator input. Ensure that you feel comfortable operating the X8 manually before attempting an autonomous mission.Environmental AwarenessBefore you fly, assess the features of your flying area. Determine the boundaries of the safe flying area, and be prepared to recover the copter manually if it goes outside this area. Be aware of any risks at your location, including bodies of water, structures, trees, etc. Designate a few areas as safety zones where you can safely land the copter in case of an unsafe situation.Radio Signal ConditionsFlying behind solid objects, like buildings and trees, blocks radio signals. Always maintain visual contact with the copter to ensure that the radio signal is unobstructed. Radio towers, cell phone towers, and nearby WiFi signals can also cause interference with the radio system and decrease its range. Avoid flying in populated areas to avoid sources of interference. AltitudeSelect an appropriate altitude for your flying location and local regulations. Remember the X8 cannot avoid obstacles during a mission; it completes the mission as planned. Select altitudes that avoid any obstacles, such as trees, and comply with the safety information in this manual.SpeedBy default, the X8 travels at 6.5 m/s (14.5 mph) during a mission. 

PowerAs the operator, it is your with the X8’s operating limaccount the effect of curRegaining Manual ContDuring a mission, keep thregain manual control at mission, switch to standainstability in the X8’s flighdesignated safe flying areautomatically triggers an as a hard recall commanFailsafesThe X8’s default failsafe bautonomous missions, wfor your flying location. F
Planning

Select the DroidPlanner icon, select Editor. Tap to add waypoints, or select the brush tool and draw a path for the X8 to follow.

Select Flight Plan, and clicthe bottom of the screen t

To plan a mission, power the X8 and connect to your ground station. Ground station applications require an Internet connection to access maps.Tablet (DroidPlanner) Laptop (Mission Planner

DroidPlanner: Edit waypoints Mission Planne

Takeoff and LandingBoth ground station applications provide the option to configure automatic takeoff and landing into the mission. Missions without automatic takeoff and landing must be initiated and ended in flight.
SavingSelect the option menu in the top-right corner, and select Send Mission. This command saves the mission 

to the X8.

On the Flight Plan scSelect Save WP File to 

After planning the mission, save the mission to the X8. The Pixhawk autopilot can store one mission at a time. When you initiate the mission, the X8 starts the mission stored to the autopilot at the time. Tablet (DroidPlanner) Laptop (Mission P

DroidPlanner: Send Mission (option menu)

Mission Planner: Flight Pla
Initiating

StabalizeAltitude HoldLoiterFull AutonomyReturn to Launch

Left Stick

For auto-takeoff, raise throttle to start mission.

Once you’ve saved the mission to the X8, follow these steps to fly the mission.

1 Perform a pre-mission test flight.Follow the standard takeoff procedure, and fly a brief test flight to verify that all controls (throttle, yaw, roll, and pitch) are responding normally.

2 Arm in standard mode.When you’re ready to start the mission, arm the X8 in standard (STD) mode.

3 Switch to auto mode.For automatic takeoff, arm the X8 in standard mode. Then switch to auto mode, and raise the throttle to initiate the mission.For manual takeoff, initiate the mission in flight by switching to auto mode.

Controller: mode switch Controller: mode switch Controller: left stick
Appendix: TroubleshootingMaintenancePre-Arm Safety Check Failure`If the status LED displays blinking yellow, the X8 is failing one of the pre-arm safety checks. To determine heads-up display on the ground station for the error message specifying the failed check.Radio Calibration Failure: Perform radio calibration or RC controller re-bindingAccelerometer Calibration Failure: Perform accelerometer calibrationCompass Calibration Failure: Perform compass calibration GPS Failure: Wait for improved GPS signal or move to a more open area (moVideo tutorials for performing calibrations are available at 3DR.com/X8/info.Replacement parts for the X8 are available for purchase at store.3DR.com.Instructions for replacing the wiring, plates, motors, and legs of the X8 are available at 3DR.com/X8/info.
SpecsBattery: 4S 14.8V 10,000 mAh 10CBattery Dimensions: 6.6 in x 2.6 in x 1.4 in (16.7 cm x 6.5 cm x 3.5 cm)Battery Weight: 803 gAutopilot Hardware: Pixhawk v2.4.5Autopilot Firmware: ArduCopter 3.2GPS: 3DR u-blox GPS with Compass (LEA-6H module, 5 Hz update)Ground Station Radio: 3DR Radio v2 (915 MHz or 433 MHz)Motors: SunnySky V2216-12 KV800 IIFrame Type: XPropellers: APC Propeller 11x4.7 SF (4)

APC Propeller 11x4.7 SFP (4)

Vehicle Dimensions: 13.7 in x 20.1 in x 11.8 in (35 cm x 51 cm x 20 cm)Payload Capacity: 800 g (1.7 lbs)Vehicle Weight with Battery: 2.56 kg (5.6 lbs)Maximum Altitude*: 100 m Range*: 300 m from launch point (1 km when geofence disabled)Maximum Estimated Flight Time: 15 min*While geofence enabled (default)
For more information about the X8, 

ur support line at 

8 am to 5 pm PST.