## LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. www.landprosurveying.com 305 Creekstone Ridge
Woodstock, GA 30188

Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com 

## October 22, 2015

U.S. Department of Transportation Docket Management System 1200 New Jersey Ave., SE Washington, DC 20590

Exemption Request for LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. under Section 333 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (FMRA)

Dear Sir or Madam:

Pursuant to Section 333 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (herein referred to as Reform Act) and 14 CFR Part 11, LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc., a Land Surveying firm, hereby applies for an exemption from the listed Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) to allow commercial operation of UAS for:



## 1. Aerial surveying, mapping and data collection

2. Remote sensing

3. Educational and research operations

4. Wildlife and forestry monitoring

5. Aid in disaster and emergency management and monitoring, civil first response, communications relay, search and rescue, monitoring fire hazards, cleanup e ffort supervision, damage assessment and estimation

6. Aid civil engineering: waterways and shipping, fore stry, fishery protection, pollution control and air sampling and crop performance

7. Railroad and motor vehicle road inspection

8. Telecommunications infrastructure inspection

9. Utility, Energy systems and electrical engineering inspections and asset management

10. Agricultural surveying and produce field management

11. Livestock management and accountability

12. Unmanned aircraft training

13. Aerial filmmaking and photography

14. Construction site inspections and monitoring

15. Oil and gas pipeline inspection/patrolling and oilfield inspection

16. Real estate and marketing

17. Aerial event security, surveillance and crowd management

18. 

## Aerial imagery evidence for property insurance claims

19. 

## Stockpile monitoring

So long as such operations are conducted within and under the conditions outlined herein or as may be established by the FAA as required by Section 333.

## LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. www.landprosurveying.com 305 Creekstone Ridge
Woodstock, GA 30188

Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com 

## As detailed in this document and the attached 3D Robotics X8+ Operation Manual (herein referred to as User Guides), the requested exemption would permit the operation of UAS under controlled conditions in airspace that is:

1) Limited, 2) predetermined, 3) controlled as to access and 4) would provide safety enhancements to the already best practices safety protocols followed by LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc.

Approval of this exemption would thereby enhance safety and fulfill the Secretary of Transportation's responsibilities to "...establish requirements for the safe operation of such aircraft systems in the national airspace system." Section 333(c) Reform Act.

The name and address of the applicant is:

LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. 305 Creekstone Ridge Woodstock, GA 30188

James Rader

Phone: 404-386-2170

Email: jrader@landprosurveying.com

Web Site: http://www.landprosurveying.com

## LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. www.landprosurveying.com 305 Creekstone Ridge
Woodstock, GA 30188

Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com 

## Exemptions/Rule Making

Regulations from which the exemption is requested:

14 CFR Part 21 14 CFR 45.23(b)

14 CFR 45.29

14 CFR 61.23 14 CFR 61.113(a) & (b) 14 CFR 91.7(a) 14 CFR 91.9(b)(2)

14 CFR 91.103

14 CFR 91.109

14 CFR 91.119

14 CFR 91.121 14 CFR 91.151(a) 14 CFR 91.203(a) & (b) 14 CFR 91.405(a) 14 CFR 407(a)(1) 14 CFR 409(a)(2) 14 CFR 417(a) & (b) 14 CFR Subpart E (91.401-91.417)

AUTHORITY FOR EXEMPTIONS

The Federal Aviation Act expressly grants the FAA authority to issue exemptions. This statutory authority includes exempting civil aircraft, as the term is defined under §40101 of the Act, including UASs, from the requirement that

all civil aircraft must have a current airworthiness certificate.

The Administrator may grant an exemption from a requirement of a regulation prescribed under subsection (a) or (b) of this section or any sections §44702-44716 of this title if the Administrator finds the exemption in the public interest. 49 USC §44701(f). See also 49 USC §44711(a); 49 USC §44704; 14 CFR 91.203(a)(1).

Section 333(b) of the Reform Act assists the Secretary in determining whether UASs may operate in the national airspace system without creating a hazard to the user, the public, or a threat to national security. In making this determination, the Secretary must consider:

▪ The UAS size, weight, speed and operational capability;

▪ Whether the UAS operates within the visual line of sight of the operator;

▪ Whether the UAS operates outside of highly populated areas and away from close proximity to airports.

Reform Act 333(a). If the Secretary determines that a UAS "may operate safely in the national airspace system, the Secretary shall establish requirements for the safe operation of such aircraft in the national airspace system."

Id . 333(c).

## LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. www.landprosurveying.com 305 Creekstone Ridge
Woodstock, GA 30188

Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com 

## The 3D Robotics X8+ is a multi-rotor aircraft weighing 7.3 pounds, including payload. It has the ability to operate under normal conditions at a speed of no more than 10 knots and has the capability to hover and move in the vertical and horizontal plane simultaneously. The UAS will operate only in the pilot's or visual observer's visual line of sight at all times. Such operations will insure that the UAS will "not create a hazard to users of the national airspace system or the public." Reform Act Section 333(b).

Given the small size of the UAS involved and the restricted environment within which they will operate, our application falls squarely within the zone of safety (an equivalent level of safety) in which Congress envisioned that the FAA must, by exemption, allow commercial operations of UASs to commence immediately. Also due to the small size of the UAS and the low altitudes in which our UAS will operate, approval of the application presents no national security issue.

VEHICLE DESCRIPTION



## The UAS LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. proposes to use is constructed by 3DRobotics and referred to as the X8+. The X8+ is commonly referred to as an octocopter (8 rotors and 8 motors) which weighs a total of 5.6 pounds without payload and is powered by lithium polymer batteries. It can carry payloads up to 1.7 pounds resulting in a total weight of no more than 7.3 pounds and has an operational range of up to 0.6 nautical miles. The X8+ can be operated with a maximum wind threshold of 25 miles per hour (MPH) for sustained winds and wind gusts up to 30 (MPH)

The X8+ can be operated entirely by a touch-screen, map-based interface. This means the operator only needs to command the system where to go, and the system does all the flying for the operator. The X8+ can be operated in both semi and fully autonomous flight modes, with the operator simply clicking on a map to create a preplanned flight path for a flight. In addition, the operator can create no fly zones or maximum flight ranges and altitudes so the system cannot enter areas deemed unsafe or unnecessary to fly over.

The UAS has built-in intelligent fault handling which allows the X8+ to detect a system fault while in the air and automatically fly back to its take-off location and land. Faults that can be detected include: loss of communication; exceeding preset wind thresholds; and low battery levels.

All flight operations are global positioning system (GPS) controlled, making the system easy to navigate. At any point if the operator is not explicitly commanding the system to move, the system automatically holds its GPS position. Also a flight termination link - to prevent a "fly away" or other potentially dangerous situation - is available to the operator.

PILOT IN COMMAND



## The Pilot in Command for all UAS activities for Lan dPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. will be Gregory Hansen (henceforth referred to as pilot, PIC, or pilot-in-command), a highly experienced recreational UAS operator who is experienced in the operation, construction and maintenance of multiple types of UAS with a specialization in multirotors and is current ly in the process of obt aining his Private Pilot’s License to meet 49 USC §44703 and 49 USC §44711 requirement that the PIC hold an FAA airman certificate in order to operate an aircraft in the National Airspace System. All requirements for successful licensure will be met during the applicat ion for exemption process and no UAS activity shall be conducted until successful licensure is complete.

## LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. www.landprosurveying.com 305 Creekstone Ridge
Woodstock, GA 30188

Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com 

## DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC REGULATIONS

14 CFR Part 21, Subpart H: Airworthiness certificates

Subpart H, establishes the procedural requirements for the issuance of airworthiness certificates as required by FAR §91.203(a)(1). Given the size and limited operating area associated with the aircraft to be utilized by LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc., an exemption from Part 21 Subpart H meets the requirements of an equivalent level of safety under Part 11 and Section 333 of the Reform Act. The Federal Aviation Act (49 USC §44701(f) and Section 333 of the Reform Act both authorize the FAA to exempt aircraft from the requirement for an airworthiness certificate, upon consideration of the size, weight, speed, operational capability and proximity to airports and populated areas of the particular UAS. In all cases, an analysis of these criteria demonstrates that the UAS operated without an airworthiness certificate, in the restricted environment and under the conditions proposed, will be at least as safe, or safer, than a conventional aircraft operating with an airworthiness certificate without the restrictions and conditions proposed.

14 CFR 45.23(b) & 14 CFR 45.29: Marking of the aircraft; Display of Marks; Size of Marks

This regulation requires that certain experimental, provisionally certified aircraft, or light-sport category aircraft to be marked with letters between 2 inches and 6 inches high "limited", "restricted" "light-sport," "experimental," or "provisional," near each entrance to a cabin, cockpit or pilot station. Even though the UAS will have no airworthiness certificate, an exemption may be needed as the UAS will have no entrance to the cabin, cockpit or pilot station on which the word "Experimental" can be placed. Given the size of the UAS, 2 inch lettering will be impossible. LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. will mark the UAS with the organization's name and address. A QR Code attached to the aircraft will also be linked to LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc.

## LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. www.landprosurveying.com 305 Creekstone Ridge
Woodstock, GA 30188

Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com 

## 14 CFR 61.23: Medical certificates; Requirement and duration

Regulations provide that a person: (1) Must hold a first-class medical certificate: - When exercising the pilot-in-command privileges of an airline transport pilot certificate; - When exercising the second-in-command privileges of an airline transport pilot certificate in a flag or

supplemental operation in part 121 of this chapter that requires three or more pilots; or - When serving as a required pilot flight crew member in an operation conducted under part 121 of this

chapter if the pilot has reached his or her 60 th 

## birthday. (2) Must hold at least a second class medical certificate when exercising: - Second-in-command privileges of an airline transport pilot certificate in part 121 of this chapter (other

than operations specified in paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section); or - Privileges of a commercial pilot certificate.

Given the size of the UAS, their structure, the limited flight area and the safety features integrated into the autopilot (among others the flight termination system), LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. believes that an Equivalent Level of Safety can be reached if the pilot-in-command has both a third-class medical certificate, as required to exercise the privileges of a private pilot, and a valid United States driver's license.

14 CFR 61.113(a) & (b): Private pilot privileges and limitations: Pilot in command

Sections 61.113(a) and (b) limit private pilots to non-commercial operations. Because the UAS will not carry a pilot or passengers, the proposed operations can achieve the equivalent level of safety of current operations by requiring the pilot operating the aircraft to have completed UAS manufacturer’s flight training before flying a UAS. Unlike a conventional aircraft that carries the pilot and passengers, the UAS is remotely controlled with no living thing or cargo on board. The area of operation is controlled and restricted, and all flights are planned and coordinated in advance as set forth in the User Guide. The risks associated with the operation of the small UAS are so diminished from the level of risk associated with commercial operations contemplated by Part 61 when drafted, that allowing operations of the UAS as requested exceeds the present level of safety achieved by 14 CFR 61.113(a) and (b).

14 CFR 91.7(a): Civil aircraft airworthiness

The regulation requires that no person may operate a civil aircraft unless it is in airworthy condition. As there will be no airworthiness certificate issued for the aircraft, should this exemption be granted, no FAA regulatory standard will exist for determining airworthiness. Given the size of the aircraft and the requirements contained in the User Guide for maintenance and use of safety checklists by the pilot-in-command prior to each flight an equivalent level of safety will be provided.

14 CFR 91.9(b)(2): Civil aircraft flight manual, marking and placard requirements

The UAS, given its size and configuration has no ability or place to carry such a flight manual on the aircraft, not only because there is no pilot on board, but because there is no room or capacity to carry such an item on the

aircraft.

The equivalent level of safety will be maintained by keeping the User Manual at the ground control point where the pilot flying the UAS will have immediate access to it.

## LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. www.landprosurveying.com 305 Creekstone Ridge
Woodstock, GA 30188

Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com 

## 14 CFR 91.103: Preflight action

This regulation requires each pilot in command take certain actions before flight to ensure the safety of flight. An exemption is needed from this requirement as the pilot will take separate preflight actions, including checking for weather conditions, checking flight battery requirements, checking takeoff and landing distances, and all other actions in the User Guide and safety checklists. These actions will provide an equivalent level of safety.

14 CFR 91.109: Flight instruction

Section 91.103 provides that no person may operate a civil aircraft (except a manned free balloon) that is being used for flight instruction unless that aircraft has fully functioning dual controls. By design, UASs and remotely piloted aircraft do not have fully functional dual controls. Flight control is accomplished through the use of a control box that communicates with the aircraft via radio communications. The equivalent level of safety is provided by the fact that neither a pilot nor passengers will be carried in the aircraft, the ability to control the UAS via radio signals from the controller and by the size and speed of the aircraft.

14 CFR 91.119: Minimum safe altitudes

Section 91.119 establishes safe altitudes for operation of civil aircraft. Section 91.119(d) allows helicopters to be operated at less than the minimums prescribed, provided the person operating the helicopter complies with any route or altitudes prescribed for helicopters by the FAA. This exemption is for a multi-rotor craft that flies similarly to a helicopter, with vertical takeoff and vertical landing, which will typically operate at altitudes of 200 feet above ground level (AGL), so an exemption may be needed to allow such operations. The UAS will never operate at altitude higher than the 200 feet AGL blanket COA unless a specific COA is required and granted. All operations will occur during daylight hours under Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC) only.

The equivalent level of safety will be achieved given the size, weight and speed of the UAS as well as the location where it is operated. No flight will be taken without the permission of the property owner or local officials. Because advance notice to the property owner and any on-site personnel, as well as the precautions outlined below, all affected individuals will be aware of the planned flight operations.

Flight operations will be conducted at least 500 feet from all non-participating persons (persons other than the pilot in command (PIC) or visual observer (VO), vessels, vehicles and structures, unless:

1. Barriers or structures are present that sufficiently protect non-participating persons from debris in the event of an accident. The PIC will ensure that non-participating persons remain under such protection. If a situation arises where non-participating persons leave such protection and are within 500 feet of the UAS, flight operations will cease immediately and/or;

2. The aircraft is operated near vessels, vehicles or structures where the land owner/controller has granted permission and the PIC has made a safety assessment of the risk of operating closer to those objects and;

3. Operations near the PIC or VO do not present an undue hazard to the PIC or VO, per 14 CFR 91.119(a).

The UAS will remain within visual line of sight of the PIC or VO. Flight operations will be conducted at lease 5 miles from an airport and at least 3 miles from any city or densely populated area. The PIC or VO will provide

## LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. www.landprosurveying.com 305 Creekstone Ridge
Woodstock, GA 30188

Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com 

## notification to the local Flight Standards District Office and airport controller of all operations within 5 miles of an airport. The FAA will have advance notice of all operations through the filing of notices-to-airmen.

Compared to flight operations with aircraft or rotor craft weighing far more than the UAS proposed herein and carrying flammable fuel, any risk associated with our operations if far less than those presently presented with helicopters and other conventional aircraft operating at or below 500 feet AGL. In addition, the low-altitude operations of the UAS will ensure separation between these UAS operations and the operations of conventional aircraft that must comply with Section 91.119.

14 CFR 91.121: Altimeter Settings

This regulation requires each person operating the aircraft to maintain cruising altitude by reference to an altimeter that is set "...to the elevation of the departure airport or an appropriate altimeter setting available before departure." As the UAS may not have a barometric altimeter, but instead a GPS altitude read out, an exemption may be needed. An equivalent level of safety will be achieved by the PIC confirming the altitude of the launch site shown on the GPS altitude indicator before flight.

14 CFR 91.151(a): Fuel requirements for flight in VFR conditions

Section 91.151(a) outlines fuel requirements for beginning a flight in VFR conditions. Our UAS is limited to operations in controlled environments and has a limited flight time which require an exemption from 14 CFR 91.151(a).

The battery powering the UAS provides approximately 20 minutes of powered flight. This would render the UAS unable to meet the 30 minute reserve requirement in 14 CFR 91.151. Given the limitations on the UAS's proposed flight area and the location of its proposed operations within a predetermined area, a longer time frame for flight in daylight VFR conditions is reasonable.

An equivalent level of safety can be achieved by limiting flights to 20 minutes, or enough battery reserve to ensure that the UAS lands at the ground station with at least 20% of battery power (as determined by the on-board monitoring system and the PIC), whichever happens first. This restriction would be more than adequate to return the UAS to its planned landing zone from anywhere in its limited operating area.

14 CFR 91.203(a) & (b): Carrying civil aircraft certification and registration

The UAS has no cabin, cockpit or pilot station and is operated without an on-board pilot. Therefore, there is no ability or place to carry certification and registration documents or to display them on the UAS.

An equivalent level of safety will be achieved by keeping these documents at the ground control point where the pilot flying the UAS will have immediate access to them, to the extent they are applicable to the UAS.

14 CFR 91.405(a); 407(a)(1); 409(a)(2); 417(a) & (b): Maintenance inspections

These regulations require that an aircraft operator or owner "shall have that aircraft inspected as prescribed in subpart E of this part and shall between required inspections, except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, have discrepancies repaired as prescribed in part 43 of this chapter...," and others shall inspect or maintain the aircraft in compliance with Part 43.

## LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. www.landprosurveying.com 305 Creekstone Ridge
Woodstock, GA 30188

Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com 

## Given that these sections and part 43 apply only to aircraft with an airworthiness certificate, these sections will not apply to LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. Maintenance will be accomplished by the pilot pursuant to the User Guide. An equivalent level of safety will be achieved because these UASs are very limited in size and will carry a small payload and operate only in restricted areas for limited periods of time. If mechanical issues arise, the UAS can land immediately and will be operating from no higher than 500 feet AGL (within required COA). As provided in the User Guide, the pilot will ensure that the UAS is in working order prior to initiating flight, perform required maintenance and keep a log of any maintenance performed. Moreover, the pilot is the person most familiar with the aircraft and best suited to maintain the aircraft in an airworthy condition to provide the equivalent level of safety.

PUBLIC INTEREST

Approval of exemptions allowing commercial operations of UASs for precision aerial surveys enhances safety while reducing risk. Manned aircraft monitoring and surveying creates a greater risk because the craft are much larger, have combustible fuel, and carry an on-board human pilot. In contrast, a UAS weighing 8 pounds and powered by batteries eliminates virtually all of that risk given the reduced mass and lack of combustible fuel carried on board. The UAS will carry no passengers or crew and, therefore, will not expose them to the risks associated with manned aircraft flights.

Conducting aerial surveys with the 3D Robotics X8+, instead of manned aircraft, will greatly benefit the public by drastically reducing the levels of air and noise pollution generated during traditional aerial survey flight operations. By using battery power and electric motors, the 3D Robotics X8+ produces no air pollution and is a viable, environmentally conscious alternative to the cabin class, six cylinder internal combustion twin engine aircraft that are typically utilized for aerial surveys, while burning approximately 20-30 gallons per hour of leaded aviation fuel. The X8+, while reducing the carbon footprint of aerial surveys, also reduce noise pollution as the UAS is propelled by battery powered electric motors rather than an internal combustion engine.

EQUIVALENT LEVEL OF SAFETY

LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. proposes that the ex emption requested herein apply to civil aircraft that have the characteristics and that operate within the limitations listed herein. These limitations provide for at least an equivalent or even higher level of safety to operations under the current regulatory structure because the proposed operations represent a safety enhancement to the already safe protocols followed by aerial survey operations conducted with helicopters and other conventional aircraft.

LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. will be bound by the following limitations when conducting its UASs operations under an FAA issued exemption:

1. The UAS will weigh less than 9 pounds. 2. Flights will be operated within line of sight of a pilot and/or observer. 3. Maximum total flight time for each operations flight will be 20 minutes. Flights will be terminated at 20% battery power reserve should that occur prior to the 20 minute limit. 4. Flights will be operated at an altitude of no more than 200 feet AGL (500 feet with appropriate COA). 5. Flight operations will be conducted 5 miles from an airport and at least 3 miles from any city or densely populated area, which are depicted in yellow on VFR sectional charts.

## LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. www.landprosurveying.com 305 Creekstone Ridge
Woodstock, GA 30188

Tel. 404.386.2170 Email. jrader@landprosurveying.com 

## 6. Flight operations within 5 miles of an airport require notification and approval from the local Flight Standards District Office and airport controller. 7. Flight operations will occur during daylight hours and under visual meteorological conditions only. 8. The FAA will have advance notice of all operations through the filing of notices-to-airmen. 9. Minimum crew for each operation will consist of the UAS pilot and visual observer/camera operator. 10. The pilot and visual observer will have been trained in the operation of the UAS. 11. The pilot and visual observer will at all times be able to communicate by voice and/or text. 12. Written and/or oral permission from the relevant property holders will be obtained. 13. Flight operations will be conducted at least 500 feet from all non-participating persons, vessels, vehicles

and structures unless: a. Barriers or structures are present that sufficiently protect non-participating persons from debris in the event of an accident. The pilot will ensure that non-participating persons remain under such protection. If a situation arises where non-participating persons leave such protection and are within 500 feet of the UAS, flight operations will cease immediately and/or; b. The aircraft is operated near vessels, vehicles or structures where the land owner/controller has granted permission and the PIC has made a safety assessment of the risk of operating closer to those objects and; c. Operations near the pilot or visual observer do not present an undue hazard to the pilot or visual

observer. 14. If the UAS loses communication or loses its GPS signal, the UAS will have the capability to return to a safe, pre-determined location and land. 15. The UAS will have the capability to abort flight in case of unpredicted obstacles or emergencies.

PRIVACY

All flights will occur over private or controlled access property with the property owner's prior consent and knowledge. Images taken will be of individuals who have also consented to being filmed or otherwise have agreed to be in the area where aerial photography will take place.

FEDERAL REGISTER SUMMARY

Satisfaction of the criteria provided in Section 333 of the Reform Act of 2012 - size, weight, speed, operating capabilities, proximity to airports and populated areas and operation within visual line of sight and national security - provide more than adequate justification for the grant of the requested exemptions allowing commercial operation of LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc. UAS for precision aerial surveys and aerial imagery capture.

Sincerely,

James Rader LandPro Surveying and Mapping, Inc.X8+Operation ManualRead beforeflying!IMPORTANTMeet the X8+Thank you for purchasing an X8+!The X8 is a powerful octocopter platform for aerial video.Review this manual in its entirety before your first flight.Additional instructions can be found in the X8 informationportal at3DR.com/X8/info.Happy flying!ContentsParts2Setup4Assembly4Ground Station5Power Management7Charging8Safety8Controller Battery9Powering the X810Connecting to a Ground Station11Flight Basics12Safety12Operating Limits13Controls14Modes17Return to Launch19Failsafes20Status Indicators22Flight Procedures24Takeoff24Landing26Monitoring27Missions28Planning29Saving30Initiating31Ending31Appendix32Troubleshooting32Maintenance32Specs33Resources342PartsUSB adapterGround Station RadioPropeller wrenchAndroid adapterSF propellers (4)SFP propellers (4)Charger and accessoriesGuard bagPixhawk micro-SD cardadapterRC ControllerBattery KitTool KitPropellersFlight ChecklistFlight batteryRadioFlight ChecklistLEDMotors inactive, safe tohandleLow battery, automatic landingLoss of RC signal, automatic landingPre-arm safety check failureLoss of GPS signal, switch to manualInitializing, hold the X8 levelAcquiring GPS, please waitAutopilot ready, GPS lockedArmedSafety ButtonMotors active, deactivate beforehandling (see reverse)Flight ModesReturn to launch**RTL**land at the launch pointStabalizeAltitude HoldLoiterFull AutonomyReturn to LaunchStandard position(altitude hold mode)**STD**fly manuallyStabalizeAltitude HoldLoiterFull AutonomyReturn to LaunchLoiter mode**LTR**hoverStabalizeAltitude HoldLoiterFull AutonomyReturn to Launch!Stand back!46The motors arenow active.Hold left stick down-right until motors spin.21Power on controller;set to STD and RTL OFF.Armmotors.Press and hold safetybutton until solid red.Connectcharged battery.Choose a clear launchpoint, and face the X8away from you.5CheckLED.3Place the X8 atlaunch point.Go outside toan open area!See the OperationManual for completeinstructions.Auto mode**AUTO**fly a missionStabalizeAltitude HoldLoiterFull AutonomyReturn to Launch©2014 3D Robotics. vA. DCT0005 All rights reserved.Control gimbal**TILT**tilt the camera down and upLand**CH7**land at the current positionStabalizeAltitude HoldLoiterFull AutonomyReturn to LaunchStabalizeAltitude HoldLoiterFull AutonomyReturn to LaunchStabalizeAltitude HoldLoiterFull AutonomyReturn to LaunchX8+Hold the X8 stilland level whilepowering on.3Micro-USB port (not pictured, sideof Pixhawk)X8+Front arms (blue)Rear arms (black)GPS mastPixhawk autopilotSafety buttonStatus LEDAntenna4Setup:AssemblyThe X8 arrives in travel configuration. Completethese steps to prepare the X8 for flight.1 Unfold Arms12Remove the bolts and thumbnuts near the two folded black arms (1).Unfold the black arms, re-insert the bolts, and secure with the thumbnuts (2).12X8 Assembly: Unfold Arms52 Unfold LegsRemove the bolts and nuts to the inside of the folded legs (1),unfold the legs, re-insert the bolts, and secure with the nuts (2).3 Attach PropellersThe X8 uses SF and SFP propellers. Labels are found on the individualpropeller packages and on the propellers themselves. The diagrambelow shows which motors require SF or SFP propellers. Accurateassembly of SF and SFP propellers is critical for the X8 to fly correctly.To attach each propeller, remove the nut and washer from the motor,and add the correct type of propellerwith the writing on the propeller facingthe sky. (This is a tight fit; apply pressure and twist the propeller onto themotor.) Replace the washer over the propeller, and use the propellerwrench to tighten the nut on top.12X8 Assembly: Unfold Legstop motor:SFbottom motor:SFPbottom motor:SFtop motor:SFPX8 Propeller Ordertop motor:SFbottom motor:SFPtop motor:SFPbottom motor:SFX8 Propeller Assembly!Ensure that the writing on allpropellers faces the sky.6Ground StationA ground station is a laptop or tablet running an ArduPilot-compatible mission control application.In the field, a ground station helps you monitor the X8 during flight, plan missions, and troubleshoot issues. We recommend using a ground station at all times with the X8.To set up a ground station, choose a platform below and visit3DR.com/download_softwareto installthe application.WindowsMission PlannerOS XAPM PlannerAndroidDroidPlanner 2Important Note About Vehicle Setup in Mission Planner and APM Planner:Your X8 has been pre-configured at the factory and is ready to fly. Re-performing thecalibrations on theInitial Setupscreen, including the mandatory hardware configurationsand setup wizard, can adversely affect the performance of your aircraft.iOS?There are currently no ground station applications available for iOS.7Power ManagementThe X8 is powered by a rechargeable lithium polymer (LiPo) battery. When fullycharged, the battery provides up to 15 minutes of flight time depending on payload,environmental conditions, and flying style. Flying with a gimbal, GoPro, and FPVsystem can reduce flight time by up to 5 minutes. Flying aggressively or in high windscan affect power consumption and reduce flight time. Monitor power consumptionusing the flight data display on the controller (press and hold theDNbutton).When the battery reaches the low voltage limit, the X8 initiates a low battery failsafeand lands automatically at the current position. (See page 20 for more informationabout failsafes.) To avoid a low battery failsafe, regularly check the controller’s flightdata display to monitor battery voltage, and end your flight before the battery reachesthe low voltage limit.ControllerPress and hold theDNbutton to view flight data.flight battery mAh consumed since armedAnother way to monitor power consumption is by using milliamp-hours (mAh).Monitor the mAh on the controller, and ensure that consumption does notexceed 8,000 mAh (80% of the battery’s available capacity). Exceeding 8,000mAh can render the battery permanently unusable.Do not exceed 8,000 mAh for a fully charged X8+ battery.flight battery levelFull battery:16.8 VLow battery limit:14 VEnd your flight at 14.1 V.!Controller Flight Data Display: Screen 1!8ChargingCharge the battery before your first flight!1Connect the charger to the power adapter cableand plug the adapter cable into a wall outlet.Connect the red cable to the + port and the blackcable to the - port.+–2Set the charger to LiPo and 3A.LiPo3A3Connect the battery’s white connector to thecharger’s 4S port, and join the two yellowconnectors together.4S4Secure the battery inside the guard bag,and charge until the status indicatordisplays green.ChargingCompleteCharger with power cable andsplit-wire charging cableCharger settingsFlight battery charging wiringCharging in process!Flying with a low battery is a safetyrisk and can render the batterypermanently unusable. Always flywith a fully charged battery.Charge the battery using a designatedLiPo balance charger only. Alwaysmonitor the battery while charging.Protect the battery from extremeheat, extreme cold, puncturing, andflammable surfaces. Always transport,charge, and store the battery in theguard bag.Inspect the battery for damage beforeand after flying. If you observe anyswelling of the package or the batteryceases to function, do not use thebattery. Do not dispose of the batteryin the trash; dispose of the battery atlocal battery recycling center. In theUS and Canada, visit call2recycle.orgto find a location.Safety9Controller BatteryThe controller is powered by 8 AA batteries (included). The controller’sflight data display allows you to monitor the voltage of the controller.When fully charged, the controller displays 12 V; when completely outof charge, the controller displays 9 V. Replace the batteries when thecontroller displays 9.1 V.ControllerPress and hold theDNbutton to view flight data.controller battery level (9-12 V)Replace controller batteries at 9.1 V.Controller Flight Data Display: Screen 1!10 

# Powering the X8

Follow these steps to power the X8.

2 To power on the X8, join the yellow connector on the battery with the yellow connector on the X8. Keep the X8 still and level while it powers on and initializes the sensors. When the status LED displays blinking blue, the sensors have completed initialization and you can move the X8.

It is important to establish communication before powering on the X8. Always turn on the controller before connecting the battery. When powering off the X8, disconnect the battery before turning off the controller. 1

Turn on the controller. Ensure that the switches are set to CH 7 OFF, STD, and RTL OFF.

RC controller

Stabalize Altitude Hold Loiter Full Autonomy Return to Launch

Stabalize Altitude Hold Loiter Full Autonomy Return to Launch

X8: Connect battery, keep level while initializing Stabalize Altitude Hold Loiter Full Autonomy Return to Launch

CH 7 switch Mode switch RTL switch

Initializing, keep still and level

Initializing complete Status LED indicators:

3 When the initialization process is complete, turn over the X8 and secure the battery to the underside of the vehicle using the velcro straps.

X8: Secure battery 

## !11 

# Connecting to a Ground Station

To connect the X8 to a ground station, connect the ground station radio to your laptop or tablet and power the X8.

Tablet (DroidPlanner) 1 Connect the ground station radio to your laptop using the USB adapter. Open

Mission Planner or APM Planner.

3

Select Flight Data to view live data from the X8. 2

Select AUTO and 57600 , then select CONNECT

. (When connecting directly to Pixhawk’s micro-USB port, set the rate to 115200.)

Ground station laptop with radio connected Mission Planner Connect tool (top-right corner)

Mission Planner Flight Dat a tab: connected to aircraft Laptop (Mission Planner/APM Planner)

1 Connect the blue end of the Android adapter to your device and the black end to the radio. 2

Select Connect

.

Ground station tablet with radio connected DroidPlanner: Connect icon12Flight Basics:SafetyTo ensure safe and successful flying, always fly in accordancewith your location regulations and these best operating practices.Before you fly, determine the boundaries of your safe flying area.If the X8 moves outside the designated area or exhibits instabilityin flight, switch to standard mode and land the X8 manually.The X8 cannot avoid obstacles on its own, including duringmissions. As the operator, it’s your responsibility to recognize andavoid obstructions while flying. Always be ready to regain manualcontrol of the X8 in the event of an unsafe situation.visual lineof sight400 ft(120 m)100 ft (30 m)5 miles (8 km)Always fly at least 100 feet (30 m)away from people, vehicles, andbuildings. Make the safety of peopleand property your first priority!Always fly below 400 ft (120 m) and within yourvisual line of sight. Don’t let the X8 get too faraway from you; make sure you can always see itsorientation. Don’t fly in low light, high winds, rain, orother conditions that might impede visibility.Always fly at least 5 miles (8 km)away from airports and other areaswhere pilots operate manned aircraft.visual lineof sight400 ft(120 m)100 ft (30 m)5 miles (8 km)visual lineof sight400 ft(120 m)100 ft (30 m)5 miles (8 km)Spinning propellers can cause serious injury. The safetybutton indicates the status of the motors to help youprevent hazardous contact with the X8’s high-speedpropellers.•When the X8 is powered on, the safetybutton blinks red, indicating that themotors are inactive and the propellers aresafe to handle.•When you’re ready to fly, press and hold thesafety button until it shows solid red. Thisindicates that the motors are active and thepropellers can spin if armed. To make thepropellers safe to handle again, press andhold the safety button until it blinks red.visual lineof sight400 ft(120 m)100 ft (30 m)5 miles (8 km)visual lineof sight400 ft(120 m)100 ft (30 m)5 miles (8 km)LocationPropellers13Operating LimitsAlways fly within the X8’s operating limits.Maximum altitude*100 m (328 ft)Range*300 m (984 ft) from launch pointGPS lockGPS lock required at all timesMaximum estimated flight time15 minPayload capacity800 g (1.7 lbs)X8+ Operating Limits*While geofence enabled (default)14 Maneuver the X8 in flight using the controller’s two joysticks. left stick:

throttle & yaw right stick: pitch

& roll

Left Stick Left Stick Move the throttle

stick below center to

decrease altitude. Set the throttle stick

to center to maintain

the current altitude. left stick Left Stick

Left Stick Move the left stick vertically to control altitude.

Set the throttle stick fully down to land

once the X8 is a few

inches above the ground. Left Stick To take off and to gain altitude, push the throttle stick slightly above center position. Left Stick Left Stick 

# Controls

Throttle15 Flight Tip When adjusting orientation, move the left stick horizontally without changing its vertical position. 

# Activate Hold until propellers start spinning.

T

ake-off + Lif t Raise just slightly

for take of f

Hover + Land Lower just slightly

to hover

Left Ya w Left Back Forward

Right

Right Ya w

Deactivate Hold until propellers stop spinning Activate Hold until propellers start spinning.

T

ake-off + Lif t Raise just slightly

for take of f

Hover + Land Lower just slightly

to hover

Left Ya w Left Back Forward

Right

Right Ya w

Deactivate Hold until propellers stop spinning Move the stick to

the left to rotate

counterclockwise.

Move the stick to the right to

rotate clockwise. left stick Left Stick

Release the stick to stop rotating and

maintain the current

orientation. Move the left stick horizontally to rotate the X8 and change orientation. For a slow rotation, move the stick slightly away from the center in either direction. Moving the stick farther from the center creates

a faster rotation. Left Stick 

### Yaw16 

# Activate Hold until propellers start spinning.

T

ake-off + Lif t Raise just slightly

for take of f

Hover + Land Lower just slightly

to hover

Left Ya w Left Back Forward

Right

Right Ya w

Deactivate Hold until propellers stop spinning Activate Hold until propellers start spinning.

T

ake-off + Lif t Raise just slightly

for take of f

Hover + Land Lower just slightly

to hover

Left Ya w Left Back Forward

Right

Right Ya w

Deactivate Hold until propellers stop spinning Move the right

stick forward to fly forward. right stick

Move the right stick back to fly

backward. The right stick allows you to control the X8’s position in the air. Move the right stick to tell the X8 to move in that direction: forward (toward the blue arms), back (toward the black arms), left (toward the left arms), or right (towards the right arms). How far you move the stick from the center before releasing it tells the X8 how fast to move.



# Activate Hold until propellers start spinning.

T

ake-off + Lif t Raise just slightly

for take of f

Hover + Land Lower just slightly

to hover

Left Ya w Left Back Forward

Right

Right Ya w

Deactivate Hold until propellers stop spinning Activate Hold until propellers start spinning.

T

ake-off + Lif t Raise just slightly

for take of f

Hover + Land Lower just slightly

to hover

Left Ya w Left Back Forward

Right

Right Ya w

Deactivate Hold until propellers stop spinning Move the right stick left to fly

left.

Move the right stick right to fly right.

Flight Tip The X8 moves according to its orientation. The blue arms face forward, and the black arms face backward. Before using the right stick, use yaw to keep the X8 facing in

outward orientation so that the black arms face towards you and the blue arms and face away from you. 

### Pitch and Roll17 

## ! Standard (altitude hold mode)

STD

fly manually

Start your flight in standard to select altitude hold mode, and fly manually using the controller.



### Loiter mode

LTR

hover

Select loiter to hover in place automatically. Use the controller to adjust the X8’s position then release the sticks to hold that position. Loiter is a great way for beginners to learn how to fly! If you’re new to flying, start your first flight in loiter instead of standard. Stabalize Altitude Hold Loiter Full Autonomy Return to Launch

Stabalize Altitude Hold Loiter Full Autonomy Return to Launch mode switch

The X8 includes three flight modes: manual flight (STD-altitude hold), hover mode (LTR-loiter), and mission flight (AUTO). Use the switch on the right side of the controller to select a flight mode.

To avoid sudden changes in altitude, set the throttle stick to center position before switching modes, including in the event of a GPS failsafe. See page 20

for more information about failsafes. 

# Modes18 

### Auto mode

AUTO

fly a mission

Select auto mode to fly an autonomous mission. The X8 automatically flies the series of waypoints saved to the autopilot. See the Missions section on page 28 for instructions on planning and flying missions. 

### Stabalize

Altitude Hold

Loiter

Full Autonomy

Return to Launch 

### Gimbal control

TILT

tilt the camera up and down

Connect a Tarot Gimbal (sold separately), and use the TILT knob to control the angle of the camera in flight. Visit 3DR.com/X8/info for instructions. 

### Stabalize

Altitude Hold

Loiter

Full Autonomy

Return to Launch 

### Land

CH 7

land at the current position

Set the CH 7 switch to ON to end your flight and land at the current position. Once you activate land, set the throttle stick fully down, and the X8 automatically disarms after landing. The X8 does not disarm automatically unless the throttle stick is set fully down.

Reposition during landing: During landing, use the right stick on the controller to adjust the X8’s position. 

## ! Do not activate auto mode unless you have saved a mission to the X8 using a ground station application.19 land at the launch point

Set the RTL switch to ON to end your flight and return the X8 to the launch point automatically. Once you activate RTL, set the throttle stick fully down, and the X8 automatically disarms after landing. The X8 does not disarm automatically unless the throttle stick is set fully down.

When commanded to RTL, the X8:

1 Achieves minimum altitude of 15 m (50 ft) or maintains current altitude

if above 15 m. 2 Moves to launch point and loiters for 5 seconds. 3 Lands at launch point. Wait for a few seconds until the X8 disarms

automatically.

launch point

15 meters 1 2

3 hover 5 seconds 

### Stabalize

Altitude Hold

Loiter

Full Autonomy

Return to Launch 

# Return to Launch

Reposition during landing: During landing, use the right stick on the controller to adjust the X8’s position.



## ! RTL returns the X8 to the location where it was armed. Always arm the X8 at a safe, unobstructed launch point.20 

# Failsafes

visual line of sight 400 ft (120 m)

100 ft (30 m) 5 miles (8 km) 400 ft

(120 m)

visual line of sight 400 ft (120 m)

100 ft (30 m) 5 miles (8 km) 400 ft

(120 m) Low Battery Failsafe Environmental conditions, payload, and flying style can affect power consumption. Use the controller’s flight data display to monitor the voltage of the battery during flight.

If the battery reaches 14 V, the X8 lands automatically at the current position, indicated by a blinking yellow status LED and a quick repeating tone. The X8 is programmed with a set of failsafe behaviors to prevent a crash in the event of a loss of one of the data or communication channels required for flight. Although certain failsafes have assigned LED indicators and tones, it is unlikely that you will be able to see these at a distance. Monitor the ground station for failsafe indications. If a failsafe is triggered, the assigned behavior
activates. To override the failsafe behavior, use the controller to switch to standard mode and regain manual control.

RC Controller Signal Failsafe Physical obstructions and interference from nearby wireless signals can affect

the X8’s connection with the controller.

If the X8 loses contact with the controller, it returns to the launch point and lands automatically, indicated by a blinking yellow status LED.21 GPS Failsafe

The X8 requires GPS lock before takeoff. Enclosed areas, physical obstructions, and lack of available satellites can affect GPS strength. If the X8 loses GPS lock in flight, it triggers a GPS failsafe—indicated by a blinking blue and yellow LED with a high-high-high-low tone—and automatically switch to manual control (standard - altitude hold mode). Always be prepared to regain manual control at any time while flying and choose an unobstructed flying area to improve GPS signal strength. When flying a mission, we recommended changing the GPS failsafe behavior to land. (Visit 3DR.com/X8/info for more information about configuring the GPS failsafe.)

Altitude Failsafe The X8 has a 100 m (328 ft) altitude geofence enabled by default. If the geofence is breached, the X8 automatically switches to RTL. visual line of sight 400 ft (120 m)

100 ft (30 m) 5 miles (8 km) 400 ft

(120 m) 

### visual line of sight 400 ft (120 m)

100 ft (30 m) 5 miles (8 km) manual

control

100 m (328 ft)

Range Failsafe The X8 has a 300 m (984 ft) horizontal geofence enabled by default. If the X8 travels farther than 300 m from the launch point, it automatically returns to the launch point and lands. If you plan to fly a mission that exceeds this range, you will need to disable the horizontal geofence. (Visit 3DR.com/X8/info for instructions.) The range failsafe is disabled in the event of a GPS failsafe.22 

# Status Indicators

Low battery, automatic landing Loss of RC signal, automatic landing

Pre-arm safety check failure—connect to a ground station

and see the troubleshooting section Loss of GPS signal, switch to standard mode (altitude hold) Initializing, hold the X8 still and level

Acquiring GPS, please wait

Armed Autopilot ready, GPS locked Status LED The Pixhawk LED indicates the status of the X8. During flight, the LED won’t be visible; instead, use a ground station to view the status of the X8. Visit

3DR.com/X8/info to listen to Pixhawk’s status tones.

X8 Status LED 

### LED23 

### Safety Button

The safety button indicates the status of the motors to allow you to arm and disarm the X8 safely.

Safety button

X8 Safety Button

Motors inactive, safe to handle

Motors active, deactivate before handling24 

# Flight Procedures: Takeoff

Follow these steps to take off.



## » Propellers are attached tightly to the motors in the correct order and the GPS mast is oriented vertically.



## » The X8 is powered with the battery secured to the underside of the vehicle. (Remember to hold the X8 still and level while the sensors initialize.)



## » The controller is set to CH 7 OFF, standard (STD) mode (loiter mode for beginners), and RTL OFF.



## » The status LED displays blinking green, indicating that the X8 has acquired GPS lock. This can take a few minutes depending on your flying location.



## » The X8 is situated at a safe, unobstructed launch point, facing away from you. 

### Checklist25 

### Arm

After completing the checklist, you’re ready to fly! Arming and disarming are important steps that must be completed before takeoff and after landing. Use the safety button and the controller to arm the X8.

1 Press and hold the safety button until it displays solid red. This indicates that the

X8 is now active. Stand back!

Motors inactive, safe to handle

Motors active, deactivate before handling

2
To arm the motors, hold the left stick down/right until the motors spin.

Controller left stick: arming position Safety button indicators



## ! The arming and disarming procedures ensure that you can safety start and stop motors without risk of injury. The X8’s motors will spin when armed! Make sure the propellers are clear of any obstructions, including your hands, before arming. Do not handle the propellers or pick up the X8 while the safety button is active (solid red).26Landing1Press and hold the safety button until itblinks red. The motors are now inactive,and the X8 is safe to handle.2To disarm the motors, hold the left stick down/leftuntil the motors stop.DisarmFor manual landing in standard or loiter mode:Motors inactive, safe to handleMotors active, deactivate beforehandlingController left stick: disarming positionSafety button indicators!Do not handle the propellers or pick up the copter while the safety button isactive (solid red). Remember to disconnect the battery before turning off thecontroller when powering off.If you end your flight using the Ch 7 land command or RTL, the X8 disarmsautomatically; wait for the motors to stop, and proceed to powering off.Attempting to disarm the X8 in either land mode or RTL mode can causethe cause the copter to flip.27MonitoringPress and hold theDNbutton to access the flight data screens.PressDNagain to toggle between screens.current flight modecontroller battery level (9-12 V)GPS signal strength in # of satellitesmeters from launch pointflight battery level (14-16.8 V)connection strengthcurrent latitudecurrent longitudealtitude in metersflight timealtitude in metersGPS statusspeed in m/sflight battery mAhconsumed since armedEnd your flight at 14.1 V.Do not exceed 8000 mAh for afully charged X8+ battery (80% ofavailable capacity).!Monitor the X8 in flight using the controller’s flight data screens.ControllerController Flight Data Display: Screen 1Controller Flight Data Display: Screen 228MissionsThe X8’s Pixhawk autopilot is capable of flying an autonomous missionwithout operator input. Ensure that you feel comfortable operating the X8manually before attempting an autonomous mission.Environmental AwarenessBefore you fly, assess the features of your flying area. Determine the boundaries of the safe flying area, and be prepared to recover the copter manuallyif it goes outside this area. Be aware of any risks at your location, includingbodies of water, structures, trees, etc. Designate a few areas as safety zoneswhere you can safely land the copter in case of an unsafe situation.Radio Signal ConditionsFlying behind solid objects, like buildings and trees, blocks radio signals.Always maintain visual contact with the copter to ensure that the radio signalis unobstructed. Radio towers, cell phone towers, and nearby WiFi signalscan also cause interference with the radio system and decrease its range.Avoid flying in populated areas to avoid sources of interference.AltitudeSelect an appropriate altitude for your flying location and local regulations.Remember the X8 cannot avoid obstacles during a mission; it completes themission as planned. Select altitudes that avoid any obstacles, such as trees,and comply with the safety information in this manual.SpeedBy default, the X8 travels at 6.5 m/s (14.5 mph) during a mission.PowerAs the operator, it is your responsibility to ensure that all missions complywith the X8’s operating limits, including flight time. Don’t forget to take intoaccount the effect of current wind conditions on power consumption.Regaining Manual ControlDuring a mission, keep the controller easily accessible, and be prepared toregain manual control at any time. To regain manual control during themission, switch to standard mode using the controller. If you observeinstability in the X8’s flight behavior or if the copter moves outside yourdesignated safe flying area, switch to RTL. Turning off the controllerautomatically triggers an RTL and can be used in an emergency situationas a hard recall command.FailsafesThe X8’s default failsafe behaviors are optimized for manual flight. Forautonomous missions, we recommend re-configuring the failsafe settingsfor your flying location. For instructions, visit3DR.com/X8/info.29PlanningSelect the DroidPlanner icon, selectEditor. Tap to addwaypoints, or select the brush tool and draw a pathfor the X8 to follow.Select Flight Plan, and click to add waypoints. Select the green arrows atthe bottom of the screen to configure altitude and change waypoint types.To plan a mission, power the X8 and connect to your ground station. Groundstation applications require an Internet connection to access maps.Tablet (DroidPlanner)Laptop (Mission Planner, APM Planner)DroidPlanner: Edit waypointsMission Planner: Flight PlanTakeoff and LandingBoth ground station applications provide the option to configure automatictakeoff and landing into the mission. Missions without automatic takeoff andlanding must be initiated and ended in flight.30SavingSelect the option menu in the top-right corner, andselectSend Mission. This command saves the missionto the X8.On theFlight Planscreen, selectWrite WPsto save the mission to the X8.SelectSave WP Fileto save the mission to your computer for future use.After planning the mission, save the mission to the X8. The Pixhawk autopilotcan store one mission at a time. When you initiate the mission, the X8 startsthe mission stored to the autopilot at the time.Tablet (DroidPlanner)Laptop (Mission Planner, APM Planner)DroidPlanner: Send Mission (option menu)Mission Planner: Flight Plan31InitiatingStabalizeAltitude HoldLoiterFull AutonomyReturn to LaunchStabalizeAltitude HoldLoiterFull AutonomyReturn to LaunchLeft StickFor auto-takeoff, raisethrottle to start mission.Once you’ve saved the mission to the X8, follow these steps to fly the mission.1 Perform a pre-mission test flight.Follow the standard takeoff procedure, and flyabrief test flight to verify that all controls (throttle,yaw, roll, and pitch) are responding normally.2 Arm in standard mode.When you’re ready to start the mission,arm the X8 in standard (STD) mode.3 Switch to auto mode.For automatic takeoff, arm the X8 in standardmode. Then switch to auto mode, and raise thethrottle to initiate the mission.For manual takeoff, initiate the mission in flight byswitching to auto mode.Controller: mode switchController: mode switchController: left stickAutomatic LandingFor missions configured with a landwaypoint, the X8 disarms automaticallyafter landing.Ensure that the throttlestick is set fully down during landing; theX8 cannot disarm automatically unlessthe throttle stick is set fully down.Manual LandingFor missions without a land waypoint,switch to standard or loiter mode in flightthen land manually.Ending!To avoid sudden changesin altitude when switchingfrom auto mode to standardmode, ensure that the leftstick is set to the centerposition.End the mission according to the type oflanding configured in the mission.32Appendix:TroubleshootingMaintenancePre-Arm Safety Check Failure`If the status LED displays blinking yellow, the X8 is failing one of the pre-arm safety checks. To determine the specific failure, check theheads-up display on the ground station for the error message specifying the failed check.Radio Calibration Failure:Perform radio calibration or RC controller re-bindingAccelerometer Calibration Failure:Perform accelerometer calibrationCompass Calibration Failure:Perform compass calibrationGPS Failure:Wait for improved GPS signal or move to a more open area (most common failure)Video tutorials for performing calibrations are available at 3DR.com/X8/info.Replacement parts for the X8 are available for purchase at store.3DR.com.Instructions for replacing the wiring, plates, motors, and legs of the X8 areavailable at 3DR.com/X8/info.33SpecsBattery:4S 14.8V 10,000 mAh 10CBattery Dimensions:6.6 in x 2.6 in x 1.4 in (16.7 cm x 6.5 cm x 3.5 cm)Battery Weight:803 gAutopilot Hardware:Pixhawk v2.4.5Autopilot Firmware:ArduCopter 3.2GPS:3DR u-blox GPS with Compass (LEA-6H module, 5 Hz update)Ground Station Radio:3DR Radio v2 (915 MHz or 433 MHz)Motors:SunnySky V2216-12 KV800 IIFrame Type:XPropellers:APC Propeller 11x4.7 SF (4)APC Propeller 11x4.7 SFP (4)Vehicle Dimensions:13.7 in x 20.1 in x 11.8 in (35 cm x 51 cm x 20 cm)Payload Capacity:800 g (1.7 lbs)Vehicle Weight with Battery:2.56 kg (5.6 lbs)Maximum Altitude*:100 mRange*:300 m from launch point (1 km when geofence disabled)Maximum Estimated Flight Time:15 min*While geofence enabled (default)ResourcesThank you for being a responsible drone operator. For more information about the X8,visit the pages below.Online information portal:3DR.com/X8/infoTerms and Conditions:3DR.com/termsContact 3DR Support at help@3DR.com or call our support line at+1 (858) 225-1414 Monday through Friday, from 8 am to 5 pm PST.Happy flying!3D Robotics1608 4th Street, Suite 410Berkeley, CA 947103DR.comX8+ Operation ManualDCT0004v.C2014 ©3D Robotics