exv10w2






EXHIBIT 10.2




EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT




     This EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT (the “Agreement”) is made and entered into on this 15th day of
August, 2011, but effective as of the date set forth below, by and between Waste Management, Inc.
(the “Company”) and James C. Fish, Jr. (the “Executive”).



     1. Employment.



     The Company shall employ Executive, and Executive shall be employed by the Company upon the
terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement.



     2. Term of Employment.



     The period of Executive’s employment under this Agreement began on June 13, 2011 (“Employment
Date”), and may be terminated by either party pursuant to Section 5 below. The period during which
Executive is employed hereunder shall be referred to as the “Employment Period.”



     3. Duties and Responsibilities.



     (a) Executive shall serve as the Senior Vice President, Eastern Group. In such capacity,
Executive shall perform such duties and have the power, authority, and functions consistent with
such position, as may be deemed appropriate for the position and assigned to Executive from time to
time by the Chief Executive Officer or the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of the Company.



     (b) Executive shall devote substantially all of his working time, attention and energies to
the business of the Company, and its affiliated entities. Executive may make and manage his
personal investments (provided such investments in other activities do not violate, in any material
respect, the provisions of Section 10 of this Agreement), be involved in charitable and
professional activities, and, with the prior written consent of the Board, serve on boards of other
for profit entities, provided such activities do not materially interfere with the performance of
his duties hereunder or create a conflict of interest (however, the Board does not typically allow
officers to serve on more than one public company board at a time).



     4. Compensation and Benefits.



     (a) Base Salary. During the Employment Period, the Company shall pay Executive a base salary
at the annual rate of Four Hundred Thousand and 00/100ths Dollars ($400,000.00) per year, or such
higher rate as may be determined from time to time by the Company (“Base Salary”). Such Base
Salary shall be paid in accordance with the Company’s standard payroll practice for its executive
officers. Once increased, Base Salary shall not be reduced except by mutual agreement.



     (b) Annual Bonus. During the Employment Period, Executive will be entitled to participate in
an annual incentive compensation plan of the Company, as established by the Management Development
and Compensation Committee (“Compensation Committee”) of the



 









 




Board from time to time. Executive’s target annual bonus under this Agreement will be
seventy-five percent (75%) of his Base Salary in effect for such year (the “Target Bonus”), and his
actual annual bonus may range from 0% to 150% of Base Salary (i.e., a maximum possible bonus of two
times the Target Bonus), and will be determined based upon (i) the achievement of certain corporate
financial and/or performance goals, as may be established and approved from time to time by the
Compensation Committee of the Board, and (ii) the achievement of personal performance goals as may
be established by Executive’s immediate supervisor. Executive’s annual bonus for calendar year
2011 will be prorated between the time he spent as Vice-President for the Pennsylvania Market Area
(using the applicable financial and operational performance objectives, salary, and target bonus)
and the time he spent as Senior Vice President, Eastern Group. The annual bonus will be paid at
such time and in such manner as set forth in the annual incentive compensation plan document.




     (c) Benefit Plans and Vacation. Subject to the terms of such plans, Executive shall be
eligible to participate in or receive benefits under any profit sharing plan, salary deferral plan,
medical and dental benefits plan, life insurance plan, short-term and long-term disability plans,
or any other health, welfare or fringe benefit plan, generally made available by the Company to
similarly-situated executive employees. The Company shall not be obligated to institute, maintain,
or refrain from changing, amending, or discontinuing any benefit plan, so long as such changes are
similarly applicable to similarly-situated employees generally.



     During the Employment Period, Executive shall be entitled to vacation each year in accordance
with the Company’s policies in effect from time to time, but in no event less than four (4) weeks
paid vacation per calendar year. Vacation not taken in the calendar year in which it is granted
cannot be carried forward to any subsequent year.



     (d) Expense Reimbursement. The Company shall promptly reimburse Executive for the ordinary
and necessary business expenses incurred by Executive in the performance of his duties hereunder in
accordance with the Company’s customary practices applicable to executive officers. The
reimbursement of expenses during a year will not affect the expenses eligible for reimbursement in
any other year. In no event shall any expense be reimbursed after the last day of the year
following the year in which the expense was incurred.



     (e) Other Perquisites. Executive shall be entitled to all perquisites provided to Senior Vice
Presidents of the Company as approved by the Compensation Committee of the Board, and as they may
exist from time to time.



     5. Termination of Employment.



     Executive’s employment hereunder may be terminated during the Employment Period under the
following circumstances:



     (a) Death. Executive’s employment hereunder shall terminate upon Executive’s death.



     (b) Total Disability. The Company may terminate Executive’s employment



2









 




hereunder upon Executive’s becoming “Totally Disabled.” For purposes of this Agreement,
Executive shall be considered “Totally Disabled” if Executive has become physically or mentally
disabled so as to render Executive incapable of performing the essential functions of his position
(with or without reasonable accommodations) and such disability is expected to result in death or
to last for a continuous period of at least 12 months, provided that such condition constitutes a
“disability” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code. Executive’s receipt
of disability benefits under the Company’s long-term disability plan or receipt of Social Security
disability benefits shall be deemed conclusive evidence of Total Disability for purpose of this
Agreement.




     (c) Termination by the Company for Cause. The Company may terminate Executive’s employment
hereunder for “Cause” at any time after providing a Notice of Termination for Cause to Executive.




	 	(i)	 	For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Cause” means any of the following:
Executive’s (A) willful or deliberate and continual refusal to perform Executive’s
employment duties reasonably requested by the Company after receipt of written notice
to Executive of such failure to perform, specifying such failure (other than as a
result of Executive’s sickness, illness or injury) and Executive’s failure to cure such
nonperformance within ten (10) days of receipt of said written notice; (B) breach of
any statutory or common law duty of loyalty to the Company; (C) conviction of, or plea
of nolo contendre to, any felony; (D) willful or intentional cause of material injury
to the Company, its property, or its assets; (E) disclosure or attempted disclosure to
any unauthorized person(s) of the Company’s proprietary or confidential information;
(F) material violation or a repeated and willful violation of the Company’s policies or
procedures, including but not limited to, the Company’s Code of Business Conduct and
Ethics (or any successor policy) then in effect; or (G) breach of any of the covenants
set forth in Section 10 hereof.






	 	(ii)	 	For purposes of this Agreement, the phrase “Notice of Termination for Cause”
shall mean a written notice that shall indicate the specific termination provision or
provisions in Section 5(c)(i) relied upon, and shall set forth in reasonable detail the
facts and circumstances which provide the basis for termination for Cause.





     (d) Voluntary Termination by Executive. Executive may terminate his employment hereunder with
or without Good Reason at any time upon written notice to the Company.




	 	(i)	 	A termination for “Good Reason” means a resignation of employment by Executive
by written notice (“Notice of Termination for Good Reason”) given to the Company’s
Chief Executive Officer within ninety (90) days after the occurrence of the Good Reason
event, unless such circumstances are substantially corrected prior to the date of
termination specified in the Notice of Termination for Good Reason. For purposes of
this Agreement, “Good Reason” shall mean the occurrence or failure to cause the
occurrence, as the case may be, without




3









 












	 	 	 	Executive’s express written consent, of any of the following circumstances: (A) the
Company materially diminishes Executive’s core duties or responsibility for those
core duties, so as to effectively cause Executive to no longer be performing the
duties of his position (except in each case in connection with the termination of
Executive’s employment for Death, Total Disability, or Cause, or temporarily as a
result of Executive’s illness or other absence); (B) in the event of the Company’s
becoming a fifty percent or more subsidiary of any other entity, the Company
materially diminishes the duties, authority or responsibilities of the person to
whom Executive is required to report; (C) removal or the non-reelection of the
Executive from the officer position with the Company specified herein, or removal of
the Executive from any of his then officer positions; (D) any material breach by the
Company of any provision of this Agreement; or (E) failure of any successor to the
Company (whether direct or indirect and whether by merger, acquisition,
consolidation or otherwise) to assume in a writing delivered to Executive upon the
assignee becoming such, the obligations of the Company hereunder, resulting in a
material negative change in the employment relationship.






	 	(ii)	 	A “Notice of Termination for Good Reason” shall mean a notice that shall
indicate the specific termination provision or provisions relied upon and shall set
forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for
Termination for Good Reason. The Notice of Termination for Good Reason shall provide
for a date of termination not less than thirty (30) nor more than sixty (60) days after
the date such Notice of Termination for Good Reason is given, provided that in the case
of the events set forth in Sections 5(d)(i)(A) or (B), the date may be twenty (20) days
after the giving of such notice.





     (e) Termination by the Company without Cause. The Company may terminate Executive’s
employment hereunder without Cause at any time upon written notice to Executive.



     (f) Effect of Termination. Upon any termination of employment for any reason, Executive shall
immediately resign from all Board memberships and other positions with the Company or any of its
subsidiaries held by him at such time.



     6. Compensation Following Termination of Employment.



     In the event that Executive’s employment hereunder is terminated in a manner as set forth in
Section 5 above, Executive shall be entitled to the compensation and benefits provided under this
Section 6, in each case subject to potential reduction as may be required by Section 22, as
applicable to the form of termination:



     (a) Termination by Reason of Death. In the event that Executive’s employment is terminated by
reason of Executive’s death, the Company shall pay the following amounts to Executive’s beneficiary
or estate:




	 	(i)	 	Any accrued but unpaid Base Salary for services rendered to the date of death,
any accrued but unpaid expenses required to be reimbursed under this Agreement,




4









 












	 	 	 	any accrued but unused vacation to the date of employment termination, and any
earned but unpaid bonuses for any prior calendar year. Executive shall also be
eligible for a pro-rata bonus or incentive compensation payment for the calendar
year of his employment termination to the extent such awards are made to other
senior executives of the Company and paid at the same time as other senior
executives are paid.






	 	(ii)	 	Any benefits accrued through the date of termination to which Executive may be
entitled pursuant to the plans, policies and arrangements (including those referred to
in Section 4(c) hereof), as determined and paid in accordance with the terms of such
plans, policies and arrangements.





     (b) Termination by Reason of Total Disability. In the event that Executive’s employment is
terminated by the Company by reason of Executive’s Total Disability (as determined in accordance
with Section 5(b)), the Company shall pay the following amounts to Executive:




	 	(i)	 	Any accrued but unpaid Base Salary for services rendered to the date of
termination, any accrued but unpaid expenses required to be reimbursed under this
Agreement, any accrued but unused vacation to the date of termination, and any earned
but unpaid bonuses for any prior calendar year. Executive shall also be eligible for a
pro-rata bonus or incentive compensation payment for the calendar year of his
employment termination to the extent such awards are made to other senior executives of
the Company and paid at the same time as other senior executives are paid.






	 	(ii)	 	Any benefits accrued through the date of termination to which Executive may be
entitled pursuant to the plans, policies and arrangements (including those referred to
in Section 4(c) hereof) shall be determined and paid in accordance with the terms of
such plans, policies and arrangements.





     (c) Termination for Cause. In the event that Executive’s employment is terminated by the
Company for Cause, the Company shall pay the following amounts to Executive:




	 	(i)	 	Any accrued but unpaid Base Salary for services rendered to the date of
termination, any accrued but unpaid expenses required to be reimbursed under this
Agreement, any accrued but unused vacation to the date of termination, and any earned
but unpaid bonuses for any prior calendar year.






	 	(ii)	 	Any benefits accrued through the date of termination to which Executive may be
entitled pursuant to the plans, policies and arrangements (including those referred to
in Section 4(c) hereof up to the date of termination) shall be determined and paid in
accordance with the terms of such plans, policies and arrangements.





     (d) Voluntary Termination by Executive. In the event that Executive voluntarily terminates
employment other than for Good Reason, the Company shall pay the following
amounts to Executive:



5









 






	 	(i)	 	Any accrued but unpaid Base Salary for services rendered to the date of termination,
any accrued but unpaid expenses required to be reimbursed under this Agreement, any
accrued but unused vacation to the date of termination, and any earned but unpaid bonuses
for any prior calendar year.






	 	(ii)	 	Any benefits accrued through the date of termination to which Executive may be
entitled pursuant to the plans, policies and arrangements (including those referred to
in Section 4(c) hereof up to the date of termination) shall be determined and paid in
accordance with the terms of such plans, policies and arrangements.





     (e) Termination by the Company Without Cause Outside a Change in Control Period; Termination
by Executive for Good Reason Outside a Change in Control Period. In the event that Executive’s
employment is terminated by the Company outside a Change in Control Period (as defined in Section 7
below) for reasons other than death, Total Disability or Cause, or Executive terminates his
employment for Good Reason outside of a Change in Control Period, the Company shall pay the
following amounts to Executive:




	 	(i)	 	Any accrued but unpaid Base Salary for services rendered to the date of
termination, any accrued but unpaid expenses required to be reimbursed under this
Agreement, any accrued but unused vacation to the date of termination, and any earned
but unpaid bonuses for any prior calendar year.






	 	(ii)	 	Any benefits accrued through the date of termination to which Executive may be
entitled pursuant to the plans, policies and arrangements referred to in Section 4(c)
hereof shall be determined and paid in accordance with the terms of such plans,
policies and arrangements.






	 	(iii)	 	Subject to Executive’s execution of the Release (as defined in Section 7),
Executive shall be eligible for a bonus or incentive compensation payment, at the same
time, on the same basis, and to the same extent payments are made to senior executives
of the Company, pro-rated for the fiscal year in which the Executive’s employment is
terminated.






	 	(iv)	 	Subject to Executive’s execution of the Release (as defined in Section 7), an
amount equal to two (2) times the sum of Executive’s Base Salary plus his Target Annual
Bonus (in each case, as then in effect), of which one-half of such amount shall be paid
in a lump sum within the calendar quarter in which the 60th day following
Executive’s employment termination date falls and one-half of such amount shall be paid
during the two (2) year period beginning in the calendar quarter within which the
60th day following Executive’s employment termination date falls and
continuing at the same time and in the same manner as Base Salary would have been paid
if Executive had remained in active employment until the end of such period.




6









 












	 	(v)	 	Subject to Executive’s execution of the Release (as defined in Section 7) and
Executive’s completion of required enrollment elections, the Company will continue for
Executive and Executive’s spouse and eligible dependents coverage under the Company’s
health benefit plan and disability benefit plans, in which Executive was a participant
at any time during the twelve-month period prior to the date of termination, until the
earliest to occur of (A) twenty-four (24) months after the employment termination date;
(B) Executive’s death (provided that benefits provided to Executive’s spouse and
dependents shall not terminate until twenty-four (24) months after the employment
termination date); or (C) with respect to any particular plan, the date Executive
becomes eligible to participate in a comparable benefit provided by a subsequent
employer. In the event that Executive’s continued participation in any such Company
plan is prohibited, the Company will arrange to provide Executive with benefits
substantially similar to those which Executive would have been entitled to receive
under this paragraph on a basis which provides Executive with no additional after-tax
cost.





     (f) Suspension and Refund of Termination Benefits for Subsequently Discovered Cause.
Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, if within one (1) year of
Executive’s employment termination date for any reason other than for Cause, it is determined by
the Company that Executive could have been terminated for Cause, then to the extent permitted by
law:




	 	(i)	 	the Company may elect to cancel any and all payments of any benefits otherwise
due Executive, but not yet paid, under this Agreement or otherwise; and






	 	(ii)	 	upon written demand by the Company, Executive shall refund to the Company any
amounts, plus interest, previously paid by Company to Executive pursuant to Subsections
6(e)(iii), 6(e)(iv) or 6(e)(v), less one thousand dollars ($1,000) which Executive
shall be entitled to retain as fully sufficient consideration to support and maintain
in effect any contractual obligations that Executive has to the Company prior to the
refund, including the Release as defined herein.





     7. Resignation by Executive for Good Reason or Termination by Company Without Cause During a
Change in Control Period.



     (a) Certain Terminations During a Change in Control Period. Subject to reduction required by
Section 22, in the event a Change in Control occurs and (x) Executive terminates his employment for
Good Reason during a Change in Control Period, or (y) the Company terminates Executive’s employment
without Cause (and for reason other than Death of Total Disability) during a Change in Control
Period, the Company shall, subject to Executive’s execution of the Release (as defined in this
Section 7), pay the following amounts to Executive:




	 	(i)	 	The payments and benefits provided for in Section 6(e)(iv) and (v) in the same
form as provided for therein.






	 	(ii)	 	Executive shall also receive a bonus or incentive compensation payment for the




7









 












	 	 	 	calendar year of the employment termination, payable at 100% of the maximum bonus
available to Executive, pro-rated as of the employment termination date. Such bonus
payment shall be payable within five (5) days after the later of the effective date
of Executive’s termination or the Change in Control.





     (b) Certain Definitions.




	 	(i)	 	For purposes of this Agreement, “Change in Control” means the first to occur on
or after the date on which this Agreement is first signed, the occurrence of any of the
following events:






	 	(A)	 	any Person, or Persons acting as a group (within the meaning of
Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code), directly or indirectly, including
by purchases, mergers, consolidation or otherwise, acquires ownership of
securities of the Company that, together with stock held by such Person or
Persons, represents fifty percent (50%) or more of the total voting power or
total fair market value of the Company’s then outstanding securities;






	 	(B)	 	any Person, or Persons acting as a group (within the meaning of
Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code), acquires, (or has acquired during
the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by such
Person or Persons) directly or indirectly, including by purchases, merger,
consolidation or otherwise, ownership of the securities of the Company that
represent thirty percent (30%) or more of the total voting power of the
Company’s then outstanding voting securities;






	 	(C)	 	the following individuals cease for any reason to constitute a
majority of the number of directors then serving during any 12-month period:
individuals who, at the beginning of the 12-month period, constitute the Board
and any new director (other than a director whose initial assumption of office
is in connection with an actual or threatened election contest, including but
not limited to a consent solicitation, relating or the election of directors of
the Company) whose appointment or election by the Board or nomination for
election by the Company’s stockholders was approved or recommended by a vote of
at least a majority of the directors before the date of such appointment or
election or whose appointment, election or nomination for election was
previously so approved or recommended;






	 	(D)	 	a Person or Persons acting as a group acquires (or has acquired
during the 12-month period ending on the date of the most recent acquisition by
such Person or Persons) assets from the Company that have a total gross fair
market value equal to or more than forty percent (40%) of the total gross fair
market value of all of the assets of the Company immediately before such
acquisition or acquisitions, other than a sale or disposition by the Company of
such assets to an entity, at least fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting
power of the voting securities of which are owned by the Company or by the
stockholders of the Company in substantially the same




8









 












	 	 	 	proportions as their ownership of the Company immediately prior to such
sale.






	 	(ii)	 	For purposes of this Agreement, “Change in Control Period” means the period
commencing on the date occurring six months immediately prior to the date on which a
Change in Control occurs and ending on the second anniversary of the date on which a
Change in Control occurs.






	 	(iii)	 	For purposes of this Agreement, “Exchange Act” means the Securities and
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time.






	 	(iv)	 	For purposes of this Section 7, “Person” shall have the meaning set forth in
Section 3(a)(9) of the Exchange Act, as modified and used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d)
thereof, except that such term shall not include (1) the Company, (2) a trustee or
other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company, (3)
an employee benefit plan of the Company, (4) an underwriter temporarily holding
securities pursuant to an offering of such securities or (5) a corporation owned,
directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same
proportions as their ownership of shares of Common Stock of the Company.






	 	(v)	 	For purposes of this Agreement, “Release” means that specific document which
the Company shall present to Executive for consideration and execution after any
applicable termination of employment, wherein if he agrees to such, he will irrevocably
and unconditionally release and forever discharge the Company, it subsidiaries,
affiliates and related parties from any and all causes of action which Executive at
that time had or may have had against the Company (excluding any claim for indemnity
under this Agreement, any claim under state workers’ compensation or unemployment laws,
or any claim under the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985
(“COBRA”)).





     8. No Other Benefits or Compensation. Except as may be provided under this Agreement, or
under the terms of any incentive compensation, employee benefit, or fringe benefit plan applicable
to Executive at the time of Executive’s employment termination or resignation, Executive shall have
no right to receive any other compensation, or to participate in any other plan, arrangement or
benefit, with respect to future periods after such employment termination or resignation.



     9. No Mitigation. In the event of any termination of employment hereunder, Executive shall be
under no obligation to seek other employment, and there shall be no offset against any amounts due
Executive under this Agreement on account of any remuneration attributable to any subsequent
employment that Executive may obtain.



9









 





     10. Protective Covenants. In reliance upon Executive’s promise to abide by the various
protective covenants and restrictions provided for below, the Company will continue to provide
Executive with one or more of the following: (i) portions of the Company’s Confidential Information
(through a computer password or other means) and updates thereto; (ii) authorization to communicate
with customers and prospective customers, and other business relationship providers, to help
Executive develop goodwill for Company; and/or (iii) authorization to participate in specialized
training related to Company’s business. Executive agrees that each of Executive’s covenants in
Section 10 of this Agreement (the “Protective Covenants”) is reasonable and necessary to protect a
legitimate business interest of the Company, and that no one restriction or obligation (such as the
confidentiality obligations) would be sufficient to protect the Company’s interests standing alone
due to the variety of different interests involved, the difficulty of identifying and addressing a
breach before irreparable harm has occurred, and the need to prevent irreparable harm. Employee
understands and agrees that one purpose of this Agreement is to enhance, maintain, and not
diminish, all common law and contract protections that have been in effect for the parties
concerning Confidential Information that Employee has received in the past. In addition, Executive
agrees that any and all rights Executive may have to incentive compensation, stock or stock-related
compensation, and/or severance compensation, whether provided for in this Agreement or elsewhere,
are provided in reliance upon Executive’s agreement to abide by and not challenge the validity of
the Protective Covenants described below.



     (a) Company Property, Computer Systems, and Inventions. All written materials, records, data,
and other documents prepared or possessed by Executive during Executive’s employment with the
Company are the Company’s property. Executive understands that access to the Company’s computer
systems is authorized for activities that are consistent with the business purposes of the Company,
that benefit the Company (consistent with Company policies and/or guidelines as they may be
modified from time to time), and that do not knowingly cause harm to the Company. The use of the
Company computer systems to pursue a competing enterprise, or prepare to compete with the Company,
is unauthorized and strictly prohibited. All information, ideas, concepts, improvements,
discoveries, and inventions that are conceived, made, developed, or acquired by Executive
individually or in conjunction with others during Executive’s employment (whether during business
hours or not and whether on the Company’s premises or not) which relate to or are derived from the
Company’s business, products, property, resources or services are the Company’s sole and exclusive
property. Executive does hereby grant and assign to the Company (or its nominee) Executive’s
entire right, title and interest in and to all inventions, original works of authorship,
developments, concepts, improvements, designs, discoveries, and ideas of commercial use or value
that either: (i) relate to the Company’s business, or actual or demonstrably anticipated research
or development activity of the Company; or (ii) are derived from, suggested by, or result of work
performed for the Company, or were created, discovered, or conceived with the aid of Company
property (“Company IP”). While employed, and as necessary thereafter, Executive will assist
Company to obtain patents or copyrights on Company IP, and will upon request execute all documents
and otherwise cooperate in the Company’s efforts to obtain the copyrights, patents, licenses, and
other rights and interests that would be necessary to secure for the Company the complete benefit
of Company IP. To the extent state law where Executive resides requires it (such as under Cal.
Lab. Code, § 2870, or comparable laws), Executive is notified that no provision in this Agreement
requires



10









 




Executive to assign any of rights to an invention for which no equipment, supplies, facility,
or trade secret information of the Company was used and which was developed entirely on Executive’s
own time, unless (i) the invention relates at the time of conception or reduction to practice of
the invention, (A) to the business of the Company, or (B) to the Company’s actual or demonstrably
anticipated research or development, or (ii) the invention results from any work performed by
Executive for the Company. This paragraph is intended to compliment and supplement, not replace,
any additional written agreement(s) the parties may have regarding Company IP. All memoranda,
notes, records, files, correspondence, drawings, manuals, models, specifications, computer
programs, maps, and all other documents, data, or materials of any type embodying such information,
ideas, concepts, improvements, discoveries, and inventions are the Company’s property. At the
termination of Executive’s employment with the Company for any reason, Executive shall return all
of the Company’s documents, data, or other Company property to the Company and shall not retain any
copies of such property, in any form (tangible or intangible), without the express written consent
of the Company..




     (b) Confidential Information; Non-Disclosure. Executive acknowledges that the business of the
Company is highly competitive and that Executive’s position is one where the Company will provide
Executive with access to “Confidential Information” relating to the business of the Company and its
affiliates. Executive further acknowledges that protection of such Confidential Information against
unauthorized disclosure and use is of critical importance to the Company and its affiliates in
maintaining their competitive advantage. Executive understands that it shall be his responsibility
to handle and use “Confidential Information” in a manner that does not violate Company policies or
knowingly cause harm to the Company. Accordingly, during employment and for so long thereafter as
the information remains qualified as “Confidential Information,” Executive agrees to maintain the
confidentiality of “Confidential Information” and not to engage in any unauthorized use or
disclosure of such information.



     For purposes of this Agreement, “Confidential Information” refers to an item of information,
or a compilation of information, in any form (tangible or intangible), related to the Company’s
business that (i) the Company has not intentionally made public or authorized public disclosure of,
and (ii) is not generally known to the public or to other persons who might obtain value or
competitive advantage from its disclosure or use, through proper means. Confidential Information
will not lose its protected status under this Agreement if it becomes known to the public or to
other persons through improper means such as the unauthorized use or disclosure of the information
by Executive or another person. Confidential Information includes, but is not limited to: (i)
Market Business Strategy (MBS) data, the Company Transformation Change processes, MBS Plans,
Business Improvement Process (BIP), Fleet Planning, Public Sector Pro-formas, Letters of Intent,
Route Manager and District Manager Training Programs, internal information regarding acquisition
targets, divestiture targets, and mergers, Real Estate Market Area Analysis Mapping and Real Estate
Owned and Leased Property Data and Reporting; (ii) Company’s business plans and analysis, customer
and prospect lists; compilations of names and other individualized information concerning
customers, investors, and business affiliates (such as contact name, service provided, pricing for
that customer, type and amount of services used, credit and financial data, and/or other
information relating to the Company’s relationship with that customer); pricing strategies and
price curves; marketing plans and strategies, research and development data, buying practices,
human resource information and personnel files (including



11









 




salaries of management level personnel), financial data, operational data, methods,
techniques, technical data, know-how, innovations, computer programs, un-patented inventions, and
trade secrets; and (iii) information about the business affairs of third parties (including, but
not limited to, clients and acquisition targets) that such third parties provide to Company in
confidence.




     Confidential Information will include trade secrets, but an item of Confidential Information
need not qualify as a trade secret to be protected by this Agreement. Company’s confidential
exchange of information with a third party for business purposes will not remove it from protection
under this Agreement. Executive acknowledges that items of Confidential Information are Company’s
valuable assets and have economic value, actual or potential, because they are not generally known
by the public or others who could use them to their own economic benefit and/or to the competitive
disadvantage of the Company, and thus, should be treated as Company’s trade secrets.



     (c) Unfair Competition Restrictions. Ancillary to the rights provided to Executive following
employment termination, the Company’s provision of Confidential Information, specialized training,
and/or goodwill support to Executive, and Executive’s agreements regarding the use of same, and in
order to protect the value of any restricted stock, stock options, or other stock-related
compensation, training, goodwill support and/or the Confidential Information described above, the
Company and Executive agree to the following provisions against unfair competition. Executive
agrees that for a period of two (2) years following the termination of employment for any reason
(“Restricted Term”), Executive will not, directly or indirectly, for Executive or for others,
anywhere in the United States (including all parishes in Louisiana, and Puerto Rico), Canada, the
United Kingdom, or the People’s Republic of China (the “Restricted Area”) do the following, unless
expressly authorized to do so in writing by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company:




	 	 	 	Engage in, or assist any person, entity, or business engaged in, the
selling or providing of products or services that would displace the
products or services that (i) the Company is currently in the
business of providing and was in the business of providing, or was
planning to be in the business of providing, at the time Executive
was employed with the Company, and (ii) that Executive had
involvement in or received Confidential Information about in the
course of employment; the foregoing is expressly understood to
include, without limitation, the business of the collection,
transfer, recycling and resource recovery, or disposal of solid
waste, hazardous or other waste, including the operation of
waste-to-energy facilities.




During the Restricted Term, Executive cannot engage in any of the enumerated prohibited activities
in the Restricted Area by means of telephone, telecommunications, satellite communications,
correspondence, or other contact from outside the Restricted Area. Executive further understands
that the foregoing restrictions may limit his ability to engage in certain businesses during the
Restricted Term, but acknowledges that these restrictions are necessary to protect the Confidential
Information the Company has provided to Executive.






12









 








     A failure to comply with the foregoing restrictions will create a presumption that Executive
is engaging in unfair competition. Executive agrees that this Section defining unfair competition
with the Company does not prevent Executive from using and offering the skills that Executive
possessed prior to receiving access to Confidential Information, confidential training, and
knowledge from the Company. This Agreement creates an advance approval process, and nothing herein
is intended, or will be construed as, a general restriction against the pursuit of lawful
employment in violation of any controlling state or federal laws. Executive shall be permitted to
engage in activities that would otherwise be prohibited by this covenant if such activities are
determined in the sole discretion of the Chief Executive Officer of the Company in writing to be of
no material threat to the legitimate business interests of the Company.



     (d) Non-Solicitation of Customers. For the Restricted Term, Executive will not, in person or
through the direction or control of others, call on, service, or solicit competing business from a
Covered Customer, or induce or encourage any such Covered Customer or other source of ongoing
business to stop doing business with Company. A “Covered Customer” is any Company customer (person
or entity) for which Executive had business-related contact or dealings with, or received
Confidential Information about, in the two (2) year period preceding the termination of Executive’s
employment with the Company for any reason.



     (e) Non-Solicitation of Employees. During Executive’s employment, and for the Restricted Term,
Executive will not, in person or through the direction or control of others, call on, solicit,
encourage, or induce any other employee or officer of the Company or its affiliates whom Executive
had contact with, knowledge of, or association within the course of employment with the Company to
terminate his or her employment, and will not assist any other person or entity in such a
solicitation.



     (f) Non-Disparagement. During Executive’s employment, and for the Restricted Term, Executive
covenants and agrees that Executive shall not engage in any pattern of conduct that involves the
making or publishing of written or oral statements or remarks (including, without limitation, the
repetition or distribution of derogatory rumors, allegations, negative reports or comments) which
are disparaging, deleterious or damaging to the integrity, reputation or good will of the Company,
its management, or of management of corporations affiliated with the Company.



     (g) Protected Communications. Nothing in this Agreement (particularly nothing in Paragraphs
10(b) and (f) regarding non-disclosure and non-disparagement) is intended or to be construed to
prohibit or interfere with any and all rights Executive may have to report a violation of state or
federal law to appropriate federal or state law enforcement officials, or to cooperate with a duly
authorized government investigation. In addition, nothing herein prohibits Executive from engaging
in a disclosure of information that is required by law (such as by court order or subpoena).
Provided, however, that if Executive believes that the disclosure of Confidential Information is
required by a subpoena, court order, or similar legal mandate, then Executive will provide the
Company reasonable notice and opportunity to protect any legitimate business interests it may have
in maintaining Confidential Information as confidential (through protective order or other means)
before engaging in such a disclosure.



13









 





     11. Enforcement of Protective Covenants.



     (a) Termination of Employment and Forfeiture of Compensation. Executive agrees that any
breach by Executive of any of the Protective Covenants set forth in Section 10 during Executive’s
employment with the Company shall be grounds for immediate employment termination of Executive for
Cause pursuant to Section 5(c)(i), which shall be in addition to and not exclusive of any and all
other rights and remedies the Company may have against Executive.



     In the event that Executive violates one of the Protective Covenants, (i) the Company shall
have the right to immediately cease making any payments that it may otherwise owe to Executive, if
any, (ii) Executive will forfeit any remaining rights to payments or continuing benefits provided
by this Agreement, if there are any, and (iii) upon the Company’s demand, Executive will refund to
the Company any amounts, plus interest, previously paid by Company to Executive pursuant to
Subsections 6(e)(iii), 6(e)(iv), 6(e)(v), 7(a)(i) or 7(a)(ii), less one thousand dollars ($1,000)
which Executive shall be entitled to retain as fully sufficient consideration to support and
maintain in effect any contractual obligations that Executive has to the Company prior to the
refund, including the Release as defined herein.



     (b) Right to Injunction. Executive acknowledges that a breach of a Protective Covenant set
forth in Section 10 hereof will cause irreparable damage to the Company with respect to which the
Company’s remedy at law for damages will be inadequate. Therefore, in the event of any breach or
anticipatory breach of a Protective Covenant by Executive, Executive and the Company agree that the
Company shall be entitled to seek the following particular forms of relief, in addition to remedies
otherwise available to it at law or equity: (i) injunctions, both preliminary and permanent,
enjoining or restraining such breach or anticipatory breach and Executive hereby consents to the
issuance thereof forthwith and without bond by any court of competent jurisdiction; and (ii)
recovery of all reasonable sums expended and costs, including reasonable attorney’s fees, incurred
by the Company to pursue the remedies provided for in this Section of the Agreement to enforce the
Protective Covenants.



     (c) Reformation of Covenants. The Protective Covenants set forth in Section 10 constitute a
series of separate but ancillary covenants, one for each applicable State in the United States and
the District of Columbia, and one for each applicable foreign country. If in any judicial
proceeding, a court shall hold that any of the Protective Covenants set forth in Section 10 exceed
the time, geographic, or occupational limitations permitted by applicable laws, Executive and the
Company agree that such provisions shall and are hereby reformed to provide for a restriction with
the maximum time, geographic, or occupational limitations permitted by such laws to protect the
Company’s business interests. Further, in the event a court shall hold unenforceable any of the
separate covenants deemed included herein, then such unenforceable covenant or covenants shall be
deemed eliminated from the provisions of this Agreement for the purpose of such proceeding to the
extent necessary to permit the remaining separate covenants to be enforced in such proceeding.



     (d) Survival. Executive and the Company further agree that the protective Covenants set forth
in Section 10 shall each be construed as a separate agreement independent of any other



14









 




provisions of this Agreement, and the existence of any claim or cause of action by Executive
against the Company whether predicated on this Agreement or otherwise, shall not constitute a
defense to the enforcement by the Company of any of the Protective Covenants. The Protective
Covenants will survive the termination of Executive’s employment with Company, regardless of the
cause of the termination. If Executive violates one of the Protective Covenants for which there is
a specific time limitation, the time period for that restriction will be extended by one day for
each day Executive violates it, up to a maximum extension equal to the length of time prescribed
for the restriction, so as to give Company the full benefit of the bargained-for length of
forbearance. If Executive becomes employed with an affiliate of the Company without signing a new
agreement, the affiliate will step into Company’s position under this Agreement, and will be
entitled to the same protections and enforcement rights as the Company.




     12. Indemnification.



     The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless Executive to the fullest extent permitted by
Delaware law for any action or inaction of Executive while serving as an officer and director of
the Company or, at the Company’s request, as an officer or director of any other entity or as a
fiduciary of any benefit plan. This provision includes the obligation and undertaking of the
Executive to reimburse the Company for any fees advanced by the Company on behalf of the Executive
should it later be determined that Executive was not entitled to have such fees advanced by the
Company under Delaware law. The Company shall cover the Executive under directors and officers
liability insurance both during and, while potential liability exists, after the Employment Period
in the same amount and to the same extent as the Company covers its other officers and directors.



     13. Arbitration.



     The parties agree that any dispute relating to this Agreement, or to the breach of this
Agreement, arising between Executive and the Company shall be settled by arbitration in accordance
with the Federal Arbitration Act and the commercial arbitration rules of the American Arbitration
Association (“AAA”), or any other mutually agreed upon arbitration service; provided, however, that
temporary and preliminary injunctive relief to enforce the covenants contained in Section 10 of
this Agreement, and related expedited discovery, may be pursued in a court of law to provide
temporary injunctive relief pending a final determination of all issues of final relief through
arbitration. The arbitration proceeding, including the rendering of an award, shall take place in
Houston, Texas, and shall be administered by the AAA (or any other mutually agreed upon arbitration
service). The arbitrator shall be jointly selected by the Company and Executive within thirty (30)
days of the notice of dispute, or if the parties cannot agree, in accordance with the commercial
arbitration rules of the AAA (or any other mutually agreed upon arbitration service). All fees and
expenses associated with the arbitration shall be borne equally by Executive and the Company during
the arbitration, pending final decision by the arbitrator as to who should bear fees, unless
otherwise ordered by the arbitrator. The arbitrator shall not be authorized to create a cause of
action or remedy not recognized by applicable state or federal law. The arbitrator shall be
authorized to award final injunctive relief. The award of the arbitrator shall be final and
binding upon the parties without appeal or review, except as permitted by the arbitration laws of
the State of Texas. The award, inclusive of any



15









 




and all injunctive relief provided for therein, shall be enforceable through a court of law
upon motion of either party.




     14. Requirement of Timely Payments.



     If any amounts which are required, or determined to be paid or payable, or reimbursed or
reimbursable, to Executive under this Agreement (or any other plan, agreement, policy or
arrangement with the Company) are not so paid promptly at the times provided herein or therein,
such amounts shall accrue interest, compounded daily, at an 8% annual percentage rate, from the
date such amounts were required or determined to have been paid or payable, reimbursed or
reimbursable to Executive, until such amounts and any interest accrued thereon are finally and
fully paid, provided, however, that in no event shall the amount of interest contracted for,
charged or received hereunder, exceed the maximum non-usurious amount of interest allowed by
applicable law.



     15. Withholding of Taxes.



     The Company may withhold from any compensation and benefits payable under this Agreement all
applicable federal, state, local, or other taxes.



     16. Source of Payments.



     All payments provided under this Agreement, other than payments made pursuant to a plan which
provides otherwise, shall be paid from the general funds of the Company, and no special or separate
fund shall be established, and no other segregation of assets made, to assure payment. Executive
shall have no right, title or interest whatever in or to any investments which the Company may make
to aid the Company in meeting its obligations hereunder. To the extent that any person acquires a
right to receive payments from the Company hereunder, such right shall be no greater than the right
of an unsecured creditor of the Company.



     17. Assignment.



     This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of the Company, its subsidiaries, affiliates,
successors, and assigns. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, this Agreement shall
inure to the benefit of Executive, and Executive’s heirs, representatives, and successors. This
Agreement shall not be assignable by Executive (but any payments due hereunder which would be
payable at a time after Executive’s death shall be paid to Executive’s estate).



     18. Entire Agreement; Amendment.



     This Agreement shall supersede any and all existing oral or written agreements,
representations, or warranties between Executive and the Company or any of its subsidiaries or
affiliated entities relating to the terms of Executive’s employment by the Company; provided,
however, that if all or any material part of the Protective Covenants provided for in this
Agreement are deemed void or unenforceable, then any prior agreement between the parties covering
the same or substantially similar restrictions on Executive (such as, but not limited to



16









 




the Company’s prior Employment Agreement(s) or Loyalty And Confidentiality Agreement with
Executive) shall resume effect to the extent necessary to maintain protection of the Company’s
legitimate protectable interests covered by the Protective Covenants. This Agreement may not be
amended except by a written agreement signed by both parties. No material term or obligation of a
party may be waived except through written agreement by the party with the authority to enforce
such right or obligation.




     19. Governing Law and Venue.



     This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of
Texas applicable to agreements made and to be performed in that State, without regard to its
conflict of laws provisions. The parties agree that any legal action arising from this Agreement
that is not required to be resolved through arbitration pursuant to Section 13 must be pursued in a
court of competent jurisdiction that is located in Houston, Texas.



     20. Notices.



     Any notice, consent, request, or other communication made or given in connection with this
Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given when delivered or mailed
by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, or by facsimile or by hand delivery, to
those listed below at their following respective addresses or at such other address as each may
specify by notice to the others:



	 	 	 	 	 

	 

	 	To the Company:
	 	Waste Management, Inc.

1001 Fannin, Suite 4000

Houston, Texas 77002

Attention: General Counsel
	 
	 	 	 	 
	 

	 	To Executive:
	 	At the address for Executive set forth below.






     21. Miscellaneous.



     (a) Waiver. The failure of a party to insist upon strict adherence to any term of this
Agreement on any occasion shall not be considered a waiver thereof or deprive that party of the
right thereafter to insist upon strict adherence to that term or any other term of this Agreement.



     (b) Severability. Subject to Section 11 hereof, if any term or provision of this Agreement is
declared illegal or unenforceable by any court of competent jurisdiction and cannot be modified to
be enforceable, such term or provision shall immediately become null and void, leaving the
remainder of this Agreement in full force and effect.



     (c) Headings. Section headings are used herein for convenience of reference only and shall
not affect the meaning of any provision of this Agreement.



     (d) Rules of Construction. Whenever the context so requires, the use of the singular shall be
deemed to include the plural and vice versa.



17









 





     (e) Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which
so executed shall be deemed to be an original, and such counterparts will together constitute but
one Agreement.



     22. Potential Limitation on Severance Benefits.



     (a) Maximum Severance Amount. Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement to the
contrary, in the event of a qualifying termination (or resignation) under Section 6(e) or Section 7
of this Agreement it is determined by the Company that the Severance Benefits (as defined in
Section 22(b) below) would exceed 2.99 times the sum of the Executive’s then current base salary
and target bonus (the “Maximum Severance Amount”), then the aggregate present value of the
Severance Benefits provided to the Executive shall be reduced by the Company to the Reduced Amount.
The “Reduced Amount” shall be an amount, expressed in present value, that maximizes the aggregate
present value of the Severance Benefits without exceeding the Maximum Severance Amount.



     (b) Severance Benefits. For purposes of determining Severance Benefits under Section 22(a)
above, Severance Benefits means the present value of payments or distributions by the Company, its
subsidiaries or affiliated entities to or for the benefit of the Executive (whether paid or
provided pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or otherwise), and




		 	(A) including: (i) cash amounts payable by the Company in the event of termination of
Executive’s employment; and (ii) the present value of benefits or perquisites provided for
periods after termination of employment (but excluding benefits or perquisites provided to
employees generally); and
	 
		 	(B) excluding: (i) payments of salary, bonus or performance award amounts that had accrued
at the time of termination; (ii) payments based on accrued qualified and non-qualified
deferred compensation plans, including retirement and savings benefits; (iii) any benefits
or perquisites provided under plans or programs applicable to employees generally; (iv)
amounts paid as part of any agreement intended to “make-whole” any forfeiture of benefits
from a prior employer; (v) amounts paid for services following termination of employment for
a reasonable consulting agreement for a period not to exceed one year; (vi) amounts paid for
post-termination covenants (such as a covenant not to compete); (vii) the value of
accelerated vesting or payment of any outstanding equity-based award; and (viii) any payment
that the Board or any committee thereof determines in good faith to be a reasonable
settlement of any claim made against the Company.





     (c) Possible 280G Reduction. Following application of Section 22(a), in the event that the
payment of the remaining Severance Benefits to Executive plus any other payments to Executive which
would be subject to Internal Revenue Code Section 280G (including any reduced Severance Benefits)
(“280G Severance Benefits”) would be subject (in whole or part), to any excise tax imposed under
Internal Revenue Code Section 4999 (the “Excise Tax”), then the cash portion of the 280G Severance
Benefits shall first be further reduced, and the non-cash



18









 




280G Severance Benefits shall thereafter be further reduced, to the extent necessary so that
no portion of the 280G Severance Benefits is subject to the Excise Tax, but only if (i) the amount
of the 280G Severance Benefits to be received by Executive, as so reduced by this Section 22(c) and
after subtracting the amount of federal, state and local income taxes on such reduced 280G
Severance Benefits (after taking into account the phase out of itemized deductions and personal
exemptions attributable to such reduced 280G Severance Benefits) is greater than or equal to (ii)
the amount of the 280G Severance Benefits to be received by Executive without such reduction by
this Section 22(c) after subtracting the amount of federal, state and local income taxes on such
280G Severance Benefits and the amount of the Excise Tax to which Executive would be subject in
respect of such unreduced 280G Severance Benefits (after taking into account the phase out of
itemized deductions and personal exemptions attributable to such unreduced 280G Severance Benefits
).




     (d) Calculation of 280G Severance Benefits. For purposes of determining the 280G Severance
Benefits, (i) no portion of the 280G Severance Benefits, the receipt or enjoyment of which
Executive shall have waived at such time and in such manner as not to constitute a “payment” within
the meaning of Internal Revenue Code Section 280G(b), shall be taken into account, (ii) no portion
of the 280G Severance Benefits shall be taken into account which, in the opinion of tax counsel
(“Tax Counsel”) who is reasonably acceptable to Executive and selected by the accounting firm (the
“Auditor”) which was, immediately prior to the Change in Control, the Company’s independent
auditor, does not constitute a “parachute payment” within the meaning of Internal Revenue Code
Section 280G(b)(2) (including by reason of Internal Revenue Code Section 280G(b)(4)(A)); (iii) no
portion of the 280G Severance Benefits shall be taken into account which, in the opinion of Tax
Counsel, constitutes reasonable compensation for services actually rendered, within the meaning of
Internal Revenue Code Section 280G(b)(4)(B), in excess of the “base amount” (as defined in Internal
Revenue Code Section 280G(b)(3)) allocable to such reasonable compensation, and (iv) the value of
any non-cash benefit or any deferred payment or benefit included in the 280G Severance Benefits
shall be determined by the Auditor in accordance with the principles of Internal Revenue Code
Sections 280G(d)(3) and (4).



     (e) Determination of Present Value. For purposes of this Section 22, the present value of
Severance Benefits and 280G Severance Benefits 280G shall be determined in accordance with Internal
Revenue Code Section 280G(d)(4).



     23. Compliance with Internal Revenue Code Section 409A.



     (a) Compliance. It is the intention of the Company and Executive that this Employment
Agreement not result in unfavorable tax consequences to Executive under Internal Revenue Code
Section 409A. This Section 23 does not create an obligation on the part of Company to modify the
Employment Agreement in the future and does not guarantee that the amounts or benefits owed under
the Employment Agreement will not be subject to interest and penalties under Internal Revenue Code
Section 409A.



     (b) Payment Timing. The payments of severance under Sections 6(e)(iii) and (iv) and Sections
7(a)(i) and (ii) above (“Separation Payments”) are designated as separate payments for purposes of
the short-term deferral rules under Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(b)(4)(i)(F), and, with
respect to such Separation Payments, the exemption for involuntary



19









 




terminations under separation pay plans under Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(b)(9)(iii).
As a result, (A) Separation Payments that are by their terms scheduled to be made on or before
March 15th of the calendar year following the applicable year of termination, (B) any additional
Separation Payments that are made on or before December 31st of the second calendar year following
the year of Executive’s termination and do not exceed the lesser of two times Base Salary or two
times the limit under Internal Revenue Code Section 401(a)(17) then in effect, and (C) any
Separation Payments under Section 7(a) made on account of a 409A Change in Control within the
meaning of Internal Revenue Code Section 409A are exempt from the requirements of Internal Revenue
Code Section 409A. If Executive is designated as a “specified employee” within the meaning of
Internal Revenue Code Section 409A, then to the extent the Disability Payments and Separation
Payments to be made during the first six month period following Executive’s termination of
employment exceed such exempt amounts, the payments shall be withheld and the amount of the
payments withheld will be paid in a lump sum, with interest (at the Company’s then applicable
overnight rate), on the date that is six (6) months and one (1) day after Executive’s termination.
Continued medical benefits under Sections 6(e)(v) and 7(a)(i) above are intended to satisfy the
exemption for medical expense reimbursements under Treasury Regulation Section
1.409A-1(b)(9)(v)(B).




     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement is EXECUTED as of the date first set forth above and
effective as set forth therein.



	 	 	 	 	 

	 

	 	JAMES C. FISH, JR.


(“Executive”)	 	 
	 
	 	 	 	 
	 

	 	/s/ James C. Fish, Jr.
 

	 	 
	 

	 	James C. Fish, Jr.	 	 
	 
	 	 	 	 
	 

	 	(Address)
	 	 
	 

	 	 
	 	 
	 
	 	 	 	 
	 

	 	 

	 	 






20









 






	 	 	 	 	 
	 	WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.

(The “Company”)

 	 
	 	By:  	/s/ David P. Steiner
 	 
	 	 	David P. Steiner 	 
	 	 	President and Chief Executive Officer 	 
	 




21