Catalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedPresenter Profile:• Vice President of Blaze King Industries, Incof Walla Walla WA.,– In business since 1977– Stove Manufacturer• Non catalytic since 1977• Invested In Manufacturing & PerfectingCatalytic wood stoves since 1983– Executive Committee Member of the CatalyticHearth Coalition (CHC)www.chc-hpba.orgCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedQuestion?• How many of you traveled here by:– Airplane?– Car?– Bus?• How many of you:– Had a cup of coffee this morning?– Had breakfast in a restaurant or fast foodplace?www.chc-hpba.orgCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedCatalytic Technology is Everywherewww.chc-hpba.orgCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedThe Catalytic Hearth Coalition• Mission Statement:–To work with all manufacturers of catalyticproducts to continually refine and improvethese products for the environment and toeducate the public about the benefits ofcatalytic technology.•Shared Knowledge & Ideas BetweenMemberswww.chc-hpba.orgCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedOne Way To Deal With Emissions• Non-CatalyticDesign– Requires >1200oFto ControlEmissions• Firebox andComponents Needto Maintain >1200oFwww.chc-hpba.orgCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedAnother Way To Deal WithEmissions• Catalytic StoveDesign– Start to ControlEmissions at 550oF toControl Emissions,including VOC’s– Simple To ReplaceElement Much Like ACars Oil Filterwww.chc-hpba.orgCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedSide by Side Design• New Stainless combustors get 550 degrees in less than 15 minutes• This translates to cleaner emissions sooner• There is place for BOTH Catalytic or Non CatalyticWood Stoveswww.chc-hpba.orgCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedCatalytic Advancements & AccomplishmentsCombustors Are More Compact & Thicker Combustors IncreaseResidence Time Due To Greater Surface AreaCombustors Are Accessible & Readily Visible Not Buried In StovesOrientation and Position Take Exposure into AccountTherefore:Catalytic Wood Stoves have become even more efficient, which is asimportant as clean burningMore Durable with Life-Spans up to 10 Years or moreLowest Average Emissions Amongst All Wood StovesLowest Burn Rates & Burn TimesHighest Average Efficiency For every Pound burnedBest “Turndown Rate” (widest range of output between high and lowwww.chc-hpba.orgCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedDesign Changes• Older designs used the catalyst as an addon and not part of the original designwww.chc-hpba.orgIn-Line design Offered PoorBypass Controls Resultingin Plugging of the CatalystRear Design Exposed the Catalystto High Temperatures and Made itDifficult for the customer to AccessHorizontal Catalyst Place RightAbove the Firebox Exposed theCatalyst to Flame Impingementand Stability Problems (CatalystWould Fall Out)Catalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedOne Example Poor Bypass Designswww.chc-hpba.orgOld BypassPlate DesignCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedNew Designswww.chc-hpba.org• Treat the Catalyst as Part of the Stove, Even Offering“Hybrid” Designs Combining Thermal and CatalyticCombustion Technologies• One Manufacturer has even designed a stove that works aseither catalytic or non catalyticCatalyst is Easy to Access forthe Consumer and ProtectedFrom Flame Impingement andThermal DamageCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedLife of a Combustor• The Anticipated Operational Life is Up to 10 Years• Studies were Performed Independently by OmniEnvironmental Laboratories• The Omni aging study conducted in December of2009 Showed Limited Reduction in Activity AfterMultiple Seasons of Use• All Combustors In the Study had a minimum of 3cords burned each yearCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedResults – Summary1Aged based on EPA Method 28 GuidelinesStove A New1Used5.75 YearsUsed8.5 YearsParticulate Mater(5H Adjusted (g/hr))85%Reduced Emissions0.14 g/hr Increasefrom New0.3 g/hr Increasefrom NewChange of Particulate Emission in an Aged CombustorStove B New1Used5.75 YearsUsed8.5 YearsParticulate Mater(5H Adjusted (g/hr))83%Reduced Emissions1.9 g/hr Increasefrom New1.04 g/hr Increasefrom NewLess Than 1 g/hr Average Change in Emissions After 9 YearsCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedRegulations Revisited:Current Standards:Keeping in Mind The Original Logic Used For Sub Categorization(Dual Standards)With An Increase of ~1 g/hr over 9 Years A Washington StateApproved Catalytic Stove will not reach the same emissionlevels as a Washington State Non-Cat Stove for18 Years.An EPA Approved Catalytic Stove will not reach the sameemission levels as a EPA Approved Non-Cat Stove for30YearsType of Device Washington State Limit EPA LimitCatalytic Wood BurningDevice2.5 grams per hour 4.1 grams per hourNon-Catalytic Wood BurningDevice4.5 grams per hour 7.5 grams per hourCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedHow Does Catalyst Work?• Definition: A catalyst is a substance which lowersthe activation energyfor a given reaction, without being consumed by thereaction.–Catalysts create a Combustion Reaction (Also Referred to As “Oxidation "Reaction)•Carbon in any compound Combines with Oxygen to formCarbonDioxide and Waterwww.chc-hpba.orgSmoke /VOCsWater Vapor /Carbon DioxideTo oxidize organic compounds,HEATis the activation energy necessary tocomplete the reaction.Catalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedCatalyst Evolution• Catalyst Manufacturers Continue to Improvethe Technology From Supports...– Ceramic• Cordierite• Mullite• Reticulated Foam– Steelwww.chc-hpba.orgCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedCatalyst Improvements• To Chemistry– Higher Temperature Resistant CoatingsIncreasing Surface Area– Alternative Catalytic Components & MetalsPerformance Monitoring– Activation Supports– Thermometers• CHC Recommend Mandatory Inclusion ofMonitoring Devicewww.chc-hpba.orgCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedCatalyst Opportunities• Alternative Methods to Activate the Catalystwww.chc-hpba.orgCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedDifficulties in Advancements• Test Methods and Stove Categories LimitDesign Opportunities & New EmissionsElimination Technologywww.chc-hpba.orgMethod 5GMethod 5HMethod 28MethodB415ASTME2780-10Catalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedHow It Was• 1980’s Supply Chain Resulted in Increased Prices,Miscommunications and Delayswww.chc-hpba.orgCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedHow It Works Now Encourages Maintenance• O.E.M. Direct Purchase More Affordable• Easy to Find Replacements Even For Out OfBusiness Stove Manufacturerswww.chc-hpba.orgCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedHow Wood Stoves Are Used• How many of you heat your home with awood stove?• When you’re at work 8 hours a day andsleeping 8 hours each night, is your stoveset to a high burn rate?• How often do you use higher burn rates?www.chc-hpba.orgCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedHow Stoves Are Used?COMPAREPM (g/hr)(Particulate Matter)Stoves spend 80% of theirlife in this rangeLow Medium Medium High HighBurn Rate (kg/hr) <0.8 0.8 to 1.25 1.25 to 1.9 MAX (3 to5)Heat Output (BTU/hr) <10,000 ~12,000 ~15,000 ~40,000+AVG Washington StateCertified NON-CAT Stove3.45 3.85 3.05 2.70AVG Washington StateCertified CAT Stove0.29 0.83 1.24 4.67Catalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedTest Method Weighting• The test and the weightings should all bereflective of how the stove is used in the realworld.CHC Suggests Burn Rate Values ofLow 60% Medium 30% High 10%CHC Suggests Cord Wood Testingwww.chc-hpba.orgCatalytic Hearth CoalitionAll Rights ReservedFinal Notes• Long burn times are the hallmark of our industry, theproof is inthe marketing. Manufacturers do not brag or talk of high burntimes, but rather low burn times. Because folks, low, long burntimes are what consumers want.• Typically, non catalytic wood stoves burn cleanest whenoperated at the highest possible burn rates and conversely,burn less clean on the lower burn rates.• Catalytic wood stoves typically have the inverse relationship.That is, the lower they burn, catalytic wood stoves burn cleaner.The higher burn rates are less clean but as mentioned earlier,in the real world folks just don’t burn their wood stoves on highall that often.www.chc-hpba.org