Form of Senior Debt Securities Indenture



 EXHIBIT 4.5 
 FORM OF SENIOR DEBT 
 SECURITIES INDENTURE 
  
  
  
 ABITIBIBOWATER INC. 
 INDENTURE 
 DATED AS OF
                         , 200   
  
  
 TRUSTEE 
 SENIOR DEBT SECURITIES 
  
  
  







 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
  


					
	 ARTICLE I.     DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
	  	1
			
	 Section 1.1.
	  	 Definitions
	  	1
	 Section 1.2.
	  	 Definitions
	  	5
	 Section 1.3.
	  	 Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act
	  	5
		
	 ARTICLE II.     SECURITIES
	  	6
			
	 Section 2.1.
	  	 Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series
	  	6
	 Section 2.2.
	  	 Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities
	  	6
	 Section 2.3.
	  	 Authentication and Delivery of Securities
	  	9
	 Section 2.4.
	  	 Execution of Securities; Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication; Form of Securities
	  	10
	 Section 2.5.
	  	 Registrar and Paying Agent
	  	11
	 Section 2.6.
	  	 Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust
	  	12
	 Section 2.7.
	  	 Securityholder Lists
	  	12
	 Section 2.8.
	  	 Transfer and Exchange
	  	12
	 Section 2.9.
	  	 Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities
	  	13
	 Section 2.10.
	  	 Outstanding Securities
	  	14
	 Section 2.11.
	  	 Treasury Securities
	  	14
	 Section 2.12.
	  	 Temporary Securities
	  	14
	 Section 2.13.
	  	 Cancellation
	  	15
	 Section 2.14.
	  	 Defaulted Interest
	  	15
	 Section 2.15.
	  	 Global Securities
	  	15
	 Section 2.16.
	  	 CUSIP Numbers
	  	16
		
	 ARTICLE III.     REDEMPTION
	  	17
			
	 Section 3.1.
	  	 Notice to Trustee
	  	17
	 Section 3.2.
	  	 Selection of Securities to be Redeemed
	  	17
	 Section 3.3.
	  	 Notice of Redemption
	  	17
	 Section 3.4.
	  	 Effect of Notice of Redemption
	  	18
	 Section 3.5.
	  	 Deposit of Redemption Price
	  	18
	 Section 3.6.
	  	 Securities Redeemed in Part
	  	18
		
	 ARTICLE IV.     COVENANTS
	  	18
			
	 Section 4.1.
	  	 Payment of Principal and Interest
	  	18
	 Section 4.2.
	  	 SEC Reports
	  	19
	 Section 4.3.
	  	 Compliance Certificate
	  	19
	 Section 4.4.
	  	 Stay, Extension and Usury Laws
	  	19
	 Section 4.5.
	  	 Corporate Existence
	  	19
		
	 ARTICLE V.     SUCCESSORS
	  	20
			
	 Section 5.1.
	  	 When Company May Merge, Etc.
	  	20
	 Section 5.2.
	  	 Successor Corporation Substituted
	  	20

  

 i 









					
	 ARTICLE VI.     DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES
	  	21
			
	 Section 6.1.
	  	 Events of Default
	  	21
	 Section 6.2.
	  	 Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment
	  	22
	 Section 6.3.
	  	 Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee
	  	23
	 Section 6.4.
	  	 Trustee May File Proofs of Claim
	  	23
	 Section 6.5.
	  	 Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities
	  	24
	 Section 6.6.
	  	 Application of Money Collected
	  	24
	 Section 6.7.
	  	 Limitation on Suits
	  	25
	 Section 6.8.
	  	 Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal and Interest
	  	25
	 Section 6.9.
	  	 Restoration of Rights and Remedies
	  	26
	 Section 6.10.
	  	 Rights and Remedies Cumulative
	  	26
	 Section 6.11.
	  	 Delay or Omission Not Waiver
	  	26
	 Section 6.12.
	  	 Control by Holders
	  	26
	 Section 6.13.
	  	 Waiver of Past Defaults
	  	26
	 Section 6.14.
	  	 Undertaking for Costs
	  	27
		
	 ARTICLE VII.     TRUSTEE
	  	27
			
	 Section 7.1.
	  	 Duties of Trustee
	  	27
	 Section 7.2.
	  	 Rights of Trustee
	  	28
	 Section 7.3.
	  	 Individual Rights of Trustee
	  	29
	 Section 7.4.
	  	 Trustee’s Disclaimer
	  	29
	 Section 7.5.
	  	 Notice of Defaults
	  	29
	 Section 7.6.
	  	 Reports by Trustee to Holders
	  	30
	 Section 7.7.
	  	 Compensation and Indemnity
	  	30
	 Section 7.8.
	  	 Replacement of Trustee
	  	30
	 Section 7.9.
	  	 Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc.
	  	32
	 Section 7.10.
	  	 Eligibility; Disqualification
	  	32
	 Section 7.11.
	  	 Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company
	  	32
		
	 ARTICLE VIII.     SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE
	  	32
			
	 Section 8.1.
	  	 Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture
	  	32
	 Section 8.2.
	  	 Application of Trust Funds; Indemnification
	  	33
	 Section 8.3.
	  	 Legal Defeasance of Securities of any Series
	  	34
	 Section 8.4.
	  	 Covenant Defeasance
	  	35
	 Section 8.5.
	  	 Repayment to Company
	  	35
		
	 ARTICLE IX.     AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS
	  	35
			
	 Section 9.1.
	  	 Without Consent of Holders
	  	35
	 Section 9.2.
	  	 With Consent of Holders
	  	36
	 Section 9.3.
	  	 Compliance with Trust Indenture Act
	  	37
	 Section 9.4.
	  	 Revocation and Effect of Consents
	  	37
	 Section 9.5.
	  	 Notation on or Exchange of Securities
	  	38
	 Section 9.6.
	  	 Trustee Protected
	  	38
		
	 ARTICLE X.     MISCELLANEOUS
	  	38
			
	 Section 10.1.
	  	 Trust Indenture Act Controls
	  	38
	 Section 10.2.
	  	 Notices
	  	38

  

 ii 









					
	 Section 10.3.
	  	 Communication by Holders with Other Holders
	  	39
	 Section 10.4.
	  	 Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent
	  	39
	 Section 10.5.
	  	 Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion
	  	40
	 Section 10.6.
	  	 Rules by Trustee and Agents
	  	40
	 Section 10.7.
	  	 Legal Holidays
	  	40
	 Section 10.8.
	  	 No Recourse Against Others
	  	40
	 Section 10.9.
	  	 Counterparts
	  	41
	 Section 10.11.
	  	 No Adverse Interpretation of Other Agreements
	  	41
	 Section 10.12.
	  	 Successors
	  	41
	 Section 10.13.
	  	 Severability
	  	41
	 Section 10.14.
	  	 Table of Contents, Headings, Etc
	  	41
		
	 ARTICLE XI.     SINKING FUNDS
	  	41
			
	 Section 11.1.
	  	 Applicability of Article
	  	41
	 Section 11.2.
	  	 Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities
	  	42
	 Section 11.3.
	  	 Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund
	  	42
		
	 ARTICLE XII     GUARANTEES
	  	43
			
	 Section 12.1.
	  	 Unconditional Guarantee
	  	43
	 Section 12.2.
	  	 Limitation of Subsidiary Guarantor’s Liability
	  	44
	 Section 12.3.
	  	 Contribution
	  	44
	 Section 12.4.
	  	 Execution and Delivery of Subsidiary Guarantees
	  	44
	 Section 12.5.
	  	 Addition of Subsidiary Guarantors
	  	45
	 Section 12.6.
	  	 Severability
	  	45

  

 iii 








 ABITIBIBOWATER INC. 
 Reconciliation and tie between the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 and 
 Indenture, dated as of
                         , 200  . 
  

					
	 Section 310
	  	 (a)(1)
	  	 7.10

		  	 (a)(2)
	  	 7.10

		  	 (a)(3)
	  	 Not Applicable

		  	 (a)(4)
	  	 Not Applicable

		  	 (a)(5)
	  	 7.10

		  	 (b)
	  	 7.10

		  	 (c)
	  	 Not Applicable

			
	 Section 311
	  	 (a)
	  	 7.11

		  	 (b)
	  	 7.11

		  	 (c)
	  	 Not Applicable

			
	 Section 312
	  	 (a)
	  	 2.7

		  	 (b)
	  	 10.3

		  	 (c)
	  	 10.3

			
	 Section 313
	  	 (a)
	  	 7.6

		  	 (b)(1)
	  	 7.6

		  	 (b)(2)
	  	 7.6

		  	 (c)(1)
	  	 7.6

		  	 (d)
	  	 7.6

			
	 Section 314
	  	 (a)
	  	 4.2, 10.2, 10.5

		  	 (b)
	  	 Not Applicable

		  	 (c)(1)
	  	 10.4

		  	 (c)(2)
	  	 10.4

		  	 (c)(3)
	  	 Not Applicable

		  	 (d)
	  	 Not Applicable

		  	 (e)
	  	 10.5

		  	 (f)
	  	 Not Applicable

			
	 Section 315
	  	 (a)
	  	 7.1

		  	 (b)
	  	 7.5

		  	 (c)
	  	 7.1

		  	 (d)
	  	 7.1

		  	 (e)
	  	 6.14


  

 iv 









					
	 Section 316
	  	 (a)
	  	2.10
		  	 (a)(1)(A)
	  	6.12
		  	 (a)(1)(B)
	  	6.13
		  	 (a)(2)
	  	Not Applicable
		  	 (b)
	  	6.8
			
	 Section 317
	  	 (a)(1)
	  	6.3
		  	 (a)(2)
	  	6.4
		  	 (b)
	  	2.6
			
	 Section 318
	  	 (a)
	  	10.1

  

 v 








 INDENTURE 
 Indenture dated as of                          , 200_, between AbitibiBowater Inc.,
a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and
                                       
 (“Trustee”). 
 WITNESSETH 
 WHEREAS, the Company has duly authorized the issuance, execution and delivery, from time to time, of its unsecured debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness (hereinafter referred to as the
“Securities”), without limit as to principal amount, issuable in one or more Series (as hereinafter defined), the amount and terms of each such Series to be determined as hereinafter provided; and, to provide the terms and conditions upon
which the Securities are to be authenticated, issued and delivered, the Company has duly authorized the execution of this Indenture; 
 WHEREAS, all things necessary to make this Indenture a valid indenture and agreement according to its terms have been done; 
 NOW,
THEREFORE: 
 In consideration of the premises and the purchases of the Securities by the holders thereof, the Company and the Trustee
mutually covenant and agree for the equal and proportionate benefit of the respective holders from time to time of the Securities as follows: 
 ARTICLE I. 
 DEFINITIONS AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE 
 Section 1.1. Definitions. 
 “Additional Amounts” means any additional amounts which are required hereby or by any Security, under circumstances specified herein or therein, to be paid by the Company in respect of certain taxes imposed on Holders specified
therein and which are owing to such Holders. 
 “Affiliate” of any specified person means any other person directly or indirectly
controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified person. For the purposes of this definition, “control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “controlled by” and “under
common control with”), as used with respect to any person, shall mean the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such person, whether through the ownership of voting
securities or by agreement or otherwise. 
 “Agent” means any Registrar, Paying Agent or Service Agent. 
 “Authorized Newspaper” means a newspaper in an official language of the country of publication customarily published at least once a day for at
least five days in each calendar week and of general circulation in the place in connection with which the term is used. If it shall be 








 
impractical in the opinion of the Trustee to make any publication of any notice required hereby in an Authorized Newspaper, any publication or other notice
in lieu thereof that is made or given by the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient publication of such notice. 
 “Bearer” means
anyone in possession from time to time of a Bearer Security. 
 “Bearer Security” means any Security, including any interest coupon
appertaining thereto, that does not provide for the identification of the Holder thereof. 
 “Board of Directors” means the Board
of Directors of the Company or any duly authorized committee thereof. 
 “Board Resolution” means a copy of a resolution certified
by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been adopted by the Board of Directors or pursuant to authorization by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of the certificate and delivered to the
Trustee. 
 “Business Day” means, unless otherwise provided by Board Resolution, Officers’ Certificate or supplemental
indenture hereto for a particular Series, any day except a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday in the City of New York on which banking institutions are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close. 
 “Company” means the party named as such above until a successor replaces it and thereafter means the successor. 
 “Company Order” means a written order signed in the name of the Company by two Officers, one of whom must be the Company’s chief executive
officer, chief financial officer or principal accounting officer. 
 “Company Request” means a written request signed in the name
of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, a President or a Vice President, and by either its Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Trustee. 
 “Corporate Trust Office” means the office of the Trustee located in
            ,             , or such other office as may be designated by the Trustee to the Company in writing.

 “Debt” of any person as of any date means, without duplication, all obligations of such person in respect of borrowed money,
including all interest, fees and expenses owed in respect thereto (whether or not the recourse of the lender is to the whole of the assets of such person or only to a portion thereof), or evidenced by bonds, notes, debentures or similar instruments.

 “Default” means any event which is, or after notice or passage of time would be, an Event of Default. 
 “Depository” means, with respect to the Securities of any Series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global
Securities, the person designated as 

  

 2 








 
Depository for such Series by the Company, which Depository shall be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act; and if at any time there is more
than one such person, “Depository” as used with respect to the Securities of any Series shall mean the Depository with respect to the Securities of such Series. 
 “Discount Security” means any Security that provides for an amount less than the stated principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to
Section 6.2. 
 “Dollars” means the currency of the United States of America. 
 “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. 
 “Global Security” or “Global Securities” means a Security or Securities, as the case may be, in the form established pursuant to
Section 2.2 evidencing all or part of a Series of Securities, issued to the Depository for such Series or its nominee, and registered in the name of such Depository or nominee. 
 “Holder” or “Securityholder” means a person in whose name a Security is registered or the holder of a Bearer Security. 
 “Indenture” means this Indenture as amended from time to time and shall include the form and terms of particular Series of Securities
established as contemplated hereunder. 
 “interest” with respect to any Discount Security which by its terms bears interest only
after Maturity, means interest payable after Maturity. 
 “Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security or installment of
principal thereof, means the date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption,
notice of option to elect repayment or otherwise. 
 “Officer” means the Chairman of the Board, any President, any Vice-President,
the Treasurer, the Secretary, any Assistant Treasurer or any Assistant Secretary of the Company. 
 “Officers’ Certificate”
means a certificate signed by two Officers, one of whom must be the Company’s principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer. 
 “Opinion of Counsel” means a written opinion of legal counsel who is acceptable to the Trustee. The counsel may be an employee of or counsel to
the Company. 
 “person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, limited liability company,
joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof. 
  

 3 








 “principal” of a Security means the principal of the Security plus, when appropriate, the
premium, if any, on, and any Additional Amounts in respect of, the Security. 
 “Responsible Officer” means any officer of the
Trustee in its Corporate Trust Office and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom any corporate trust matter is referred because of his or her knowledge of and familiarity with a particular subject.

 “SEC” means the Securities and Exchange Commission. 
 “Securities” has the meaning given such item in the preamble hereto. 
 “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. 
 “Series” or “Series of Securities” means each series of debentures, notes or other debt instruments of the Company created pursuant to Sections 2.1 and 2.2 hereof. 
 “Significant Subsidiary” means (i) any direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Company that would be a “significant subsidiary” as
defined in Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X, promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act, as such regulation is in effect on the date hereof, or (ii) any group of direct or indirect Subsidiaries of the Company that, taken together as a
group, would be a “significant subsidiary” as defined in Article 1, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X, promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act, as such regulation is in effect on the date hereof. 
 “Stated Maturity,” when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified
in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is due and payable. 
 “Subsidiary” of any specified person means any corporation of which at least a majority of the outstanding stock having by the terms thereof ordinary voting power for the election of directors of such corporation (irrespective of
whether or not at the time stock of any other class or classes of such corporation shall have or might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) is at the time directly or indirectly owned by such person, or by one or more
other Subsidiaries, or by such person and one or more other Subsidiaries. 
 “Subsidiary Guarantee” means a guarantee by any
Subsidiary Guarantor of the Company’s payment obligations under the Securities. 
 “Subsidiary Guarantor” means (i) each
Subsidiary of the Company executing this Indenture, (ii) each Subsidiary of the Company that executes a supplemental indenture and becomes a guarantor of the Company’s payment obligations under the Securities pursuant to Section 12.5,
and (iii) any Subsidiary of the Company that is a successor corporation of any Subsidiary of the Company referred to in clauses (i) and (ii). 
 “TIA” means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (15 U.S. Code Sections 77aaa-77bbbb) as in effect on the date of this Indenture; provided, however, that in the event the Trust Indenture 

  

 4 








 
Act of 1939 is amended after such date, “TIA” means, to the extent required by any such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act as so amended.

 “Trustee” means the person named as the “Trustee” in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee
shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee” shall mean or include each person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such person,
“Trustee” as used with respect to the Securities of any Series shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that Series. 
 Section 1.2. Definitions. 
 DEFINED IN 
  

			
	 TERM
	  	SECTION
	 “Bankruptcy Law”
	  	6.1
	 “Custodian”
	  	6.1
	 “Government Obligations”
	  	8.3
	 “Legal Holiday”
	  	10.7
	 “mandatory sinking fund payment”
	  	11.1
	 “optional sinking fund payment”
	  	11.1
	 “Paying Agent”
	  	2.5
	 “Registrar”
	  	2.5
	 “Service Agent”
	  	2.5
	 “successor person”
	  	5.1

 Section 1.3. Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act. 
 Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the TIA, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. The following
TIA terms used in this Indenture have the following meanings: 
 “Commission” means the SEC. 
 “indenture securities” means the Securities. 
 “indenture security holder” means a Securityholder. 
 “indenture to be qualified” means
this Indenture. 
 “indenture trustee” or “institutional trustee” means the Trustee. 
 “obligor” on the indenture securities means the Company and any successor obligor upon the Securities. 
  

 5 








 All other terms used in this Indenture that are defined by the TIA, defined by TIA reference to another
statute or defined by SEC rule under the TIA and not otherwise defined herein are used herein as so defined. 
 Section 1.4. Rules of
Construction. 
 Unless the context otherwise requires: 
 (a) a term has the meaning assigned to it; 
 (b) an accounting term not otherwise defined has the meaning
assigned to it in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; 
 (c) “or” is not exclusive; 
 (d) words in the singular include the plural, and in the plural include the singular; and 
 (e) provisions apply to successive events and transactions. 
 ARTICLE II. 
 SECURITIES 
 Section 2.1. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series. 
 The aggregate principal amount of Securities that
may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in one or more Series. All Securities of a Series shall be identical except as may be set forth in a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture or an
Officers’ Certificate detailing the adoption of the terms thereof pursuant to the authority granted under a Board Resolution. In the case of Securities of a Series to be issued from time to time, the Board Resolution, Officers’ Certificate
or supplemental indenture may provide for the method by which specified terms (such as interest rate, maturity date, record date or date from which interest shall accrue) are to be determined. Securities may differ between Series in respect of any
matters, provided that all Series of Securities shall be equally and ratably entitled to the benefits of the Indenture. 
 Section 2.2.
Establishment of Terms of Series of Securities. 
 At or prior to the issuance of any Securities within a Series, the following shall be
established (as to the Series generally, in the case of subparagraph 2.2.1 and either as to such Securities within the Series or as to the Series generally in the case of subparagraphs 2.2.2 through 2.2.22) by a Board Resolution, a supplemental
indenture or an Officers’ Certificate pursuant to authority granted under a Board Resolution: 
 2.2.1. the title of the
Series (which shall distinguish the Securities of that particular Series from the Securities of any other Series); 
  

 6 








 2.2.2. any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the Series
which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the Series pursuant to Section 2.8, 2.9,
2.10, 3.6 or 9.5); 
 2.2.3. the forms of the Securities of the Series in bearer or fully-registered form, whether any
Securities of the Series may be represented initially by a Security in temporary or permanent global form and, if so, the initial Depository with respect to any such temporary or permanent global Security and, as applicable, whether and the
circumstances under which beneficial owners of interests in any such temporary or permanent global Security may exchange such interests for Securities of such Series and of like tenor of any authorized form and denomination, and any other terms
required for the establishment of a Series of Securities in bearer form, including, but not limited to, tax compliance procedures; 
 2.2.4. the price or prices (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount thereof) at which the Securities of the Series will be issued; 
 2.2.5. the person to whom any interest on any Security of the Series issued in fully-registered form shall be payable, if other than the person in whose name that Security is registered at the close of business on the
regular record date for such interest, and the manner in which, the person to whom, any interest on any Security of the Series issued in bearer form shall be payable, if otherwise than upon presentation and surrender of the coupons appertaining
thereto as they severally mature, and the extent to which, or the manner in which (including any certification requirement and other terms and conditions under which), any interest payable on a temporary or permanent global Security on an interest
payment date will be paid if other than as described herein; 
 2.2.6. the date or dates on which the principal of the
Securities of the Series is payable or the method or methods, if any, used to determine those dates; 
 2.2.7. the rate or
rates (which may be fixed or variable) per annum or, if applicable, the method used to determine such rate or rates (including, but not limited to, any commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index or financial index) at which the Securities of
the Series shall bear interest, if any, the date or dates from which such interest, if any, shall accrue, the date or dates on which such interest, if any, shall commence and be payable and any regular record date for the interest payable on any
interest payment date; 
 2.2.8. the place or places where and the manner in which the principal of and interest, if any, on
the Securities of the Series shall be payable, any Securities of the Series issued as Registered Securities may be surrendered for registration of transfer, Securities of the Series may be surrendered for exchange and notices and demands to or upon
the Company in respect of the Securities of the Series and this Indenture may be served; 
 2.2.9. if applicable, the period
or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which the Securities of the Series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company; 
  

 7 








 2.2.10. the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase the Securities of
the Series pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof, the conditions, if any, giving rise to such obligation, and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and
conditions upon which Securities of the Series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation, and, if applicable, any provisions for the remarketing of such Securities; 
 2.2.11. if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which the Securities of the Series
shall be issuable; 
 2.2.12. the currency or currencies, including composite currencies, in which payment of the principal of
or interest on the Securities of the Series shall be payable if other than the currency of the United States, and if so, whether the Securities of the Series may be satisfied and discharged other than as provided in Article VIII; 
 2.2.13 if the amount of payments of principal of or interest on the Securities of the Series is to be determined with reference to an
index, formula or other method, or based on a coin or currency other than that in which the Securities of the Series are stated to be payable, the manner in which such amounts shall be determined and the calculation agent, if any, with respect
thereto; 
 2.2.14. if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of the Securities of the
Series that shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.2; 
 2.2.15.
if the Holders of Securities of the Series may convert or exchange the Securities into or for securities of the Company or other property, the period or periods within which, the rate or rates at which and the terms and conditions upon which
Securities of the Series may be converted or exchanged, in whole or in part; 
 2.2.16. any terms applicable to Discount
Securities of the Series, if any, including the issue price thereof and the rate or rates at which the original issue discount will accrue; 
 2.2.17. whether the Securities of the Series, in whole or any specified part, shall not be defeasible pursuant to Section 8.3 or Section 8.4 or both such Sections and, if other than by an Officer’s
Certificate, the manner in which any election by the Company to defease such Securities shall be evidenced; 
 2.2.18. the
provisions, if any, relating to any security provided for the Securities of the Series; 
 2.2.19. any addition to or change
in the Events of Default which applies to any Securities of the Series and any change in the right of the Trustee or the requisite Holders of such Securities to declare the principal amount thereof due and payable pursuant to Section 6.2;

  

 8 








 2.2.20. any addition to or change in the covenants set forth in Articles IV or V which
applies to Securities of the Series; 
 2.2.21. any other terms of the Securities of the Series (which terms shall not be
inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, except as permitted by Section 9.1, but which may modify or delete any provision of this Indenture insofar as it applies to such Series); and 
 2.2.22. any depositories, interest rate calculation agents, exchange rate calculation agents or other agents with respect to Securities of
such Series if other than those appointed herein. 
 All Securities of any one Series need not be issued at the same time and may be issued
from time to time, consistent with the terms of this Indenture, if so provided by or pursuant to the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate referred to above, and the authorized principal amount of any Series may not
be increased to provide for issuances of additional Securities of such Series, unless otherwise provided in such Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate. 
 Section 2.3. Authentication and Delivery of Securities. 
 At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver any Series of Securities executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication by it, and the Trustee
shall thereupon authenticate and deliver said Securities to or upon a Company Order, without any further corporate action by the Company. If the form or terms of such Series of Securities have been established in or pursuant to one or more Board
Resolutions or a supplemental indenture as permitted by this Section 2.3 and Section 2.2, in authenticating such Securities and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee
shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Section 7.1) shall be fully protected in relying upon: 
 (1) each Board Resolution
relating to such Series of Securities; 
 (2) an executed supplemental indenture, if any, relating to such series of Securities; 

(3) an Officers’ Certificate setting forth the form and terms of the Securities, stating that the form and terms of the Securities have been
established pursuant to Section 2.2 and subparagraph 2.4.3 and comply with this Indenture, and covering such other matters as the Trustee may reasonably request; 
 (4) an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that: 
 (a) if the form of such Securities has been
established by or pursuant to resolutions of the Board of Directors of the Company as permitted by subparagraph 2.4.3 that such form has been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; 
  

 9 








 (b) if the terms of such Securities have been established by or pursuant to Board
Resolutions as permitted by Section 2.1, that such terms have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; 
 (c) that such Securities, when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and executed and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will be valid and
binding obligations of the Company, except as any rights thereunder may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency and other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditor’s rights generally and by general equity principles; 
 (d) that all laws and requirements in respect of the execution and delivery by the Company of such Securities have been complied with and
that authentication and delivery of the Securities by the Trustee will not violate the terms of this Indenture; and 
 (e)
covering such other matters as the Trustee may reasonably request. 
 Each Registered Security shall be dated the date of its authentication.
Any Series of Bearer Securities shall be dated as provided in the Board Resolution or the provisions of the supplemental indenture creating such Series. 
 Section 2.4. Execution of Securities; Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication; Form of Securities. 
 2.4.1. Two Officers shall sign the Securities for the Company by manual or facsimile signature. If an Officer whose signature is on a Security no longer holds that office at the time the Security is authenticated, the
Security shall nevertheless be valid. 
 2.4.2. Only such Securities bearing a certificate of authentication executed by the
Trustee by the manual signature of one of its Responsible Officers, shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose. Such certificate by the Trustee upon any Security executed by the Company shall be
conclusive evidence that the Security so authenticated has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and that the Holder is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture. 
 The Trustee shall have the right to decline to authenticate and deliver any Securities of such Series: (a) if the Trustee, being advised by counsel,
determines that such action may not lawfully be taken; or (b) if the Trustee in good faith shall determine that such action would expose the Trustee to personal liability to Holders of any then outstanding Series of Securities. 
 The Trustee may appoint an authenticating agent acceptable to the Company to authenticate Securities. An authenticating agent may authenticate Securities
whenever the Trustee may do so. Each reference in this Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by such agent. An authenticating agent has the same rights as an Agent to deal with the Company or an Affiliate. 
  

 10 








 2.4.3. The Securities of each series shall be substantially of the tenor and purport as
shall be authorized by a Board Resolution or in an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture, and may have
such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or designation and such legends or endorsements thereon as the Board of Directors of the Company may deem appropriate and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, or as may
be required to comply with any law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant thereto or with any rule or regulation of any stock exchange on which the Securities may be listed, or to conform to usage. 
 The definitive Securities may be printed, lithographed or fully or partly engraved or produced in any other manner, all as determined by the officers
executing such Securities, as evidenced by their executions thereof. 
 Section 2.5. Registrar and Paying Agent. 
 The Company shall maintain, with respect to each Series of Securities, an office or agency where Securities of such Series may be presented or
surrendered for payment (“Paying Agent”), where Securities of such Series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange (“Registrar”) and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities
of such Series and this Indenture may be served (“Service Agent”). The Registrar shall keep a register with respect to each Series of Securities and to their transfer and exchange. The Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee shall be such
office or agency for all of the aforesaid purposes unless the Company shall maintain some other office or agency for such purposes and The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the name and address, and any change in the name or
address, of each Registrar, Paying Agent or Service Agent. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required Registrar, Paying Agent or Service Agent or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the name and address thereof, such
presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.

 The Company may also from time to time designate one or more co-registrars, additional paying agents or additional service agents and may
from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligations to maintain a Registrar, Paying Agent and Service Agent in each place so specified
pursuant to Section 2.2 for Securities of any Series for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the name or address of any such co-registrar,
additional paying agent or additional service agent. The term “Registrar” includes any co-registrar; the term “Paying Agent” includes any additional paying agent; and the term “Service Agent” includes any additional
service agent. 
 The Company hereby appoints the Trustee the initial Registrar, Paying Agent and Service Agent for each Series unless
another Registrar, Paying Agent or Service Agent, as the case may be, is appointed prior to the time Securities of that Series are first issued. 
  

 11 








 Section 2.6. Paying Agent to Hold Money in Trust. 
 The Company shall require each Paying Agent other than the Trustee to agree in writing that the Paying Agent will hold in trust, for the benefit of
Securityholders of any Series of Securities, or the Trustee, all money held by the Paying Agent for the payment of principal of or interest on the Series of Securities, and will notify the Trustee of any default by the Company in making any such
payment. While any such default continues, the Trustee may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. The Company at any time may require a Paying Agent to pay all money held by it to the Trustee. Upon payment over to the
Trustee, the Paying Agent (if other than the Company or a Subsidiary) shall have no further liability for the money. If the Company or a Subsidiary acts as Paying Agent, it shall segregate and hold in a separate trust fund for the benefit of
Securityholders of any Series of Securities all money held by it as Paying Agent. 
 Section 2.7. Securityholder Lists. 
 The Trustee shall preserve in as current a form as is reasonably practicable the most recent list available to it of the names and addresses of
Securityholders of each Series of Securities and shall otherwise comply with TIA Section 312(a). If the Trustee is not the Registrar, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee at least ten days before each interest payment date and at such other
times as the Trustee may request in writing a list, in such form and as of such date as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of Securityholders of each Series of Securities. 
 Section 2.8. Transfer and Exchange. 
 Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Security at the office or agency of the Company designated for such purposes, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated
transferee or transferees, one or more new Securities of any authorized denomination or denominations of a like aggregate principal amount and tenor. No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange (except as otherwise
expressly permitted herein), but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable in connection therewith (other than any such transfer tax or similar governmental charge payable
upon exchanges pursuant to Sections 2.12, 3.6 or 9.5). 
 At the option of the Holder, Registered Securities of any Series may be exchanged
for other Registered Securities of the same Series of any authorized denomination or denominations, of a like aggregate principal amount and tenor, upon surrender of the Securities to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any Securities
are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, the Securities which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive. Bearer Securities may not be issued in exchange for Registered
Securities. 
  

 12 








 All Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities shall be the valid
obligations of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange. 
 Every Registered Security presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange shall be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written
instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Registrar duly executed, by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing. 
 Neither the Company nor the Registrar shall be required (a) to issue, register the transfer of, or exchange Securities of any Series for the period beginning at the opening of business 15 days immediately
preceding the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of that Series selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (b) to register the transfer of or exchange Securities of any Series
selected, called or being called for redemption as a whole or the portion being redeemed of any such Securities selected, called or being called for redemption in part. 
 Section 2.9. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities. 
 If any mutilated Security is
surrendered to the Trustee, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of the same Series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously
outstanding. 
 If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Trustee (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss
or theft of any Security and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been
acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon its request the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security of the same Series and of like
tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding. 
 In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen
Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security. 
 Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section 2.9, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses
(including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith. 
 Every new Security of any Series issued pursuant to this Section in
lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable 

  

 13 








 
by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of that Series duly
issued hereunder. 
 The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies
with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities. 
 Section 2.10. Outstanding Securities.

 The Securities outstanding at any time are all the Securities authenticated by the Trustee except for those canceled by it, those
delivered to it for cancellation, those reductions in the interest on a Global Security effected by the Trustee in accordance with the provisions hereof and those described in this Section as not outstanding. 
 If a Security is replaced pursuant to Section 2.9, it ceases to be outstanding until the Trustee receives proof satisfactory to it that the replaced
Security is held by a bona fide purchaser. 
 If the Paying Agent (other than the Company, a Subsidiary or an Affiliate of any thereof) holds
on the Maturity of Securities of a Series money sufficient to pay such Securities payable on that date, then on and after that date such Securities of the Series cease to be outstanding and interest on them ceases to accrue. 
 A Security does not cease to be outstanding because the Company or an Affiliate holds the Security. 
 In determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction,
notice, consent or waiver hereunder, the principal amount of a Discount Security that shall be deemed to be outstanding for such purposes shall be the amount of the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the date of such determination
upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 6.2. 
 Section 2.11. Treasury Securities.

 In determining whether the Holders of the required principal amount of Securities of a Series have concurred in any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, Securities of a Series owned by the Company or an Affiliate shall be disregarded, except that for the purposes of determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying on any such request,
demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver only Securities of a Series that the Trustee knows are so owned shall be so disregarded. 
 Section 2.12. Temporary Securities. 
 Until definitive Securities are ready for delivery, the Company
may prepare and the Trustee shall authenticate temporary Securities upon a Company Order. Temporary Securities 

  

 14 








 
shall be substantially in the form of definitive Securities but may have variations that the Company considers appropriate for temporary Securities. Without
unreasonable delay, the Company shall prepare and the Trustee upon request shall authenticate definitive Securities of the same Series and date of maturity in exchange for temporary Securities. Until so exchanged, temporary Securities shall have the
same rights under this Indenture as the definitive Securities. 
 Section 2.13. Cancellation. 
 The Company at any time may deliver Securities to the Trustee for cancellation. The Registrar and the Paying Agent shall forward to the Trustee any
Securities surrendered to them for registration of transfer, exchange or payment. The Trustee shall cancel all Securities surrendered for transfer, exchange, payment, replacement or cancellation and shall destroy such canceled Securities (subject to
the record retention requirement of the Exchange Act) and deliver a certificate of such destruction to the Company, unless the Company otherwise directs. The Company may not issue new Securities to replace Securities that it has paid or delivered to
the Trustee for cancellation. 
 Section 2.14. Defaulted Interest. 
 Unless the terms of a Series of Securities adopted pursuant to Section 2.2 shall provide otherwise, if the Company defaults in a payment of interest
on a Series of Securities, it shall pay the defaulted interest, plus, to the extent permitted by law, any interest payable on the defaulted interest, to the persons who are Securityholders of the Series on a subsequent special record date. The
Company shall fix the record date and payment date. At least 30 days before the record date, the Company shall mail to the Trustee and to each Securityholder of the Series a notice that states the record date, the payment date and the amount of
interest to be paid. The Company may pay defaulted interest in any other lawful manner. 
 Section 2.15. Global Securities. 

2.15.1. Terms of Securities. A Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers’ Certificate shall establish
whether the Securities of a Series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities and the Depository for such Global Security or Securities. 
 2.15.2. Transfer and Exchange. Notwithstanding any provisions to the contrary contained in Section 2.8 of the Indenture and in
addition thereto, any Global Security shall be exchangeable pursuant to Section 2.8 of the Indenture for Securities registered in the names of Holders other than the Depository for such Security or its nominee only if (i) such Depository
notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depository for such Global Security or if at any time such Depository ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, and, in either case, the Company fails to
appoint a successor Depository within 90 days of such event, (ii) the Company executes and delivers to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate to the effect that such Global Security shall be so exchangeable or (iii) an Event of Default
with respect to the Securities represented by such Global Security shall have happened and be continuing. Any Global Security that is exchangeable pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be 

  

 15 








 
exchangeable for Securities registered in such names as the Depository shall direct in writing in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount
of the Global Security with like tenor and terms. 
 Except as provided in this Section 2.15.2, a Global Security may not be transferred
except as a whole by the Depository with respect to such Global Security to a nominee of such Depository, by a nominee of such Depository to such Depository or another nominee of such Depository or by the Depository or any such nominee to a
successor Depository or a nominee of such a successor Depository. 
 2.15.3. Legend. Any Global Security issued hereunder
shall bear a legend in substantially the following form: 
 “This Security is a Global Security within the meaning of the Indenture
hereinafter referred to and is registered in the name of the Depository or a nominee of the Depository. This Security is exchangeable for Securities registered in the name of a person other than the Depository or its nominee only in the limited
circumstances described in the Indenture, and may not be transferred except as a whole by the Depository to a nominee of the Depository, by a nominee of the Depository to the Depository or another nominee of the Depository or by the Depository or
any such nominee to a successor Depository or a nominee of such a successor Depository.” 
 2.15.4. Acts of Holders. The
Depository, as a Holder, may appoint agents and otherwise authorize participants to give or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which a Holder is entitled to give or take under the Indenture.

 2.15.5. Payments. Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Indenture, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by
Section 2.2, payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on any Global Security shall be made to the Holder thereof. 
 2.15.6. Consents, Declaration and Directions. Except as provided in subparagraph 2.15.5, the Company, the Trustee and any Agent shall treat a person as the Holder of such principal amount of outstanding Securities of such Series represented
by a Global Security as shall be specified in a written statement of the Depository with respect to such Global Security, for purposes of obtaining any consents, declarations, waivers or directions required to be given by the Holders pursuant to
this Indenture. 
 Section 2.16. CUSIP Numbers. 
 The Company in issuing the Securities may use “CUSIP” numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use “CUSIP” numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders;
provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other elements
of identification printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. 
  

 16 








 ARTICLE III. 
 REDEMPTION 
 Section 3.1. Notice to Trustee. 
 The Company may, with respect to any Series of Securities, reserve the right to redeem and pay the Series of Securities or may covenant to redeem and pay
the Series of Securities or any part thereof prior to the Stated Maturity thereof at such time and on such terms as provided for in such Securities. If a Series of Securities is redeemable and the Company wants or is obligated to redeem prior to the
Stated Maturity thereof all or part of the Series of Securities pursuant to the terms of such Securities, it shall notify the Trustee of the redemption date and the principal amount of Series of Securities to be redeemed. The Company shall give the
notice at least 45 days before the redemption date (or such shorter notice as may be acceptable to the Trustee). 
 Section 3.2.
Selection of Securities to be Redeemed. 
 Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series by a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture
or an Officers’ Certificate, if less than all the Securities of a Series are to be redeemed, the Trustee shall select the Securities of the Series to be redeemed by lot or in any other manner that the Trustee deems fair and appropriate. The
Trustee shall make the selection from Securities of the Series outstanding not previously called for redemption. The Trustee may select for redemption portions of the principal of Securities of the Series that have denominations larger than $1,000.
Securities of the Series and portions of them it selects shall be in amounts of $1,000 or whole multiples of $1,000 or, with respect to Securities of any Series issuable in other denominations pursuant to Section 2.2.11, the minimum principal
denomination for each Series and integral multiples thereof. Provisions of this Indenture that apply to Securities of a Series called for redemption also apply to portions of Securities of that Series called for redemption. 
 Section 3.3. Notice of Redemption. 
 Unless otherwise indicated for a particular Series by Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers’ Certificate, at least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a redemption date, the Company shall mail a notice
of redemption by first-class mail to each Holder whose Securities are to be redeemed and if any Bearer Securities are outstanding, publish on one occasion a notice in an Authorized Newspaper. 
 The notice shall identify the Securities of the Series to be redeemed and shall state: 
 (a) the redemption date; 
 (b) the redemption price; 
  

 17 








 (c) the name and address of the Paying Agent; 
 (d) that Securities of the Series called for redemption must be surrendered to the Paying Agent to collect the redemption price;

 (e) that interest on Securities of the Series called for redemption ceases to accrue on and after the redemption date; and

 (f) any other information as may be required by the terms of the particular Series or the Securities of a Series being
redeemed. 
 At the Company’s request, the Trustee shall give the notice of redemption in the Company’s name and at its expense.

 Section 3.4. Effect of Notice of Redemption. 
 Once notice of redemption is mailed or published as provided in Section 3.3, Securities of a Series called for redemption become due and payable on the redemption date and at the redemption price. A notice of
redemption may not be conditional. Upon surrender to the Paying Agent, such Securities shall be paid at the redemption price plus accrued interest to the redemption date. 
 Section 3.5. Deposit of Redemption Price. 
 On or before the redemption date, the Company shall deposit
with the Paying Agent money sufficient to pay the redemption price of and accrued interest, if any, on all Securities to be redeemed on that date. 
 Section 3.6. Securities Redeemed in Part. 
 Upon surrender of a Security that is redeemed in part, the Trustee shall
authenticate for the Holder a new Security of the same Series and the same maturity equal in principal amount to the unredeemed portion of the Security surrendered. 
 ARTICLE IV. 
 COVENANTS 
 Section 4.1. Payment of Principal and Interest. 
 The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of
the Holders of each Series of Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of that Series in accordance with the terms of such Securities and this Indenture. 
  

 18 








 Section 4.2. SEC Reports. 
 The Company shall deliver to the Trustee within 15 days after it files them with the SEC, copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents,
and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the SEC may by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Company is required to file with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. The Company also
shall comply with the other provisions of TIA Section 314(a). 
 Section 4.3. Compliance Certificate. 
 The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company, an Officers’ Certificate stating that a
review of the activities of the Company and its Subsidiaries during the preceding fiscal year has been made under the supervision of the signing Officers with a view to determining whether the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled its
obligations under this Indenture, and further stating, as to each such Officer signing such certificate, that to the best of his knowledge the Company has kept, observed, performed and fulfilled each and every covenant contained in this Indenture
and is not in default in the performance or observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions hereof (or, if a Default or Event of Default shall have occurred, describing all such Defaults or Events of Default of which he may have
knowledge). 
 The Company will, so long as any of the Securities are outstanding, deliver to the Trustee, forthwith upon becoming aware of
any Default or Event of Default, an Officers’ Certificate specifying such Default or Event of Default and what action the Company is taking or proposes to take with respect thereto. 
 Section 4.4. Stay, Extension and Usury Laws. 
 The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law wherever enacted, now
or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture or the Securities; and the Company (to the extent it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law and
covenants that it will not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law has been enacted. 

Section 4.5. Corporate Existence. 
 Subject to Article V, the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence and the corporate, partnership or other existence of each Significant Subsidiary in
accordance with the respective organizational documents of each Significant Subsidiary and the rights (charter and statutory), licenses and franchises of the Company and its Significant Subsidiaries; provided, however, that the Company shall not be
required to preserve any such right, license or franchise, or the corporate, partnership or other existence of any Significant Subsidiary, if the Board of Directors shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct
of the business of the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole and that the loss thereof is not adverse in any material respect to the Holders. 
  

 19 








 ARTICLE V. 
 SUCCESSORS 
 Section 5.1. When Company May Merge, Etc. 
 The Company shall not consolidate with or merge with or into any other person or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an
entirety to any person, unless: 
 (a) either (1) the Company shall be the continuing corporation or (2) the person (if other than
the Company) formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or the person which acquires by conveyance, transfer or lease the properties and assets of the Company substantially as an entirety (i) shall be a corporation,
partnership, limited liability company, trust or other entity organized and validly existing under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia and (ii) shall expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental
hereto, executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, all of the obligations of the Company under the Securities and this Indenture; 
 (b) immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing; and 
 (c) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer or lease and, if a supplemental indenture
is required in connection with such transaction, such supplemental indenture, comply with this Article and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction have been satisfied. 
 Section 5.2. Successor Corporation Substituted. 
 Upon any consolidation or merger, or any sale, lease, conveyance or other disposition of the properties and assets substantially as an entirety of the Company in accordance with Section 5.1, the successor person
formed by any such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or the successor person to which such conveyance, transfer or lease is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of the Company under
this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor had been named as the Company herein; and thereafter, except in the case of a lease of its properties and assets substantially as an entirety, the Company shall be discharged from all
obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities. 
  

 20 








 ARTICLE VI. 
 DEFAULTS AND REMEDIES 
 Section 6.1. Events of Default. 
 “Event of Default,” whenever used herein with respect to Securities of any Series, means any one of the following events, unless in the
establishing Board Resolution, supplemental indenture or Officers’ Certificate it is provided that such Series shall not have the benefit of said Event of Default: 
 (a) the Company defaults in (i) the payment of the principal of any Security of such Series at its Maturity or (ii) the payment of any interest on any Security of that Series when it becomes due and payable,
and continuance of such default for a period of 30 days (unless the entire amount of such payment is deposited by the Company with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent prior to the expiration of such period of 30 days); 
 (b) the Company fails to comply with any of its agreements in the Securities or this Indenture (other than those referred to in clause (a) above and
other than a covenant or warranty a default in whose performance or whose breach is elsewhere in this Section specifically deal with or which has been expressly included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of a Series of Securities other than
such Series) and such failure continues for 60 days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding
Securities of that Series a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder; 
 (c) the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law: 
 (i) commences a voluntary case, 
 (ii) consents to the entry of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case, 
 (iii)
consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property, 
 (iv) makes a general
assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or 
 (v) generally is unable to pay its debts as the same become due; or

 (d) a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that: 
 (i) is for relief against the Company in an involuntary case, 
 (ii) appoints a Custodian of the Company for all or substantially all of its property, or 
 (iii) orders the liquidation of the Company or any of its Significant Subsidiaries, and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect
for 60 days; or 
  

 21 








 (e) any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that Series, which is specified in
a Board Resolution, a supplemental indenture hereto or an Officers’ Certificate, in accordance with Section 2.2 hereof. 
 The term
“Bankruptcy Law” means Title 11, U.S. Code or any similar Federal or state law for the relief of debtors. The term “Custodian” means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.

 Section 6.2. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment. 
 If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any Series at the time outstanding occurs and is continuing (other than an Event of Default referred
to in Section 6.1(c) or (d)) then in every such case the Trustee or the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series may declare the principal amount (or, if any Securities of that Series are
Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of such Securities) of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all of the Securities of that Series to be due and payable immediately, by a notice in
writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Holders), and upon any such declaration such principal amount (or specified amount) and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, shall become immediately due and payable. If an Event of Default
specified in Section 6.1(c) or (d) shall occur, the principal amount (or specified amount) of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all outstanding Securities shall ipso facto become and be immediately due and payable without any
declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holder. 
 At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with respect to
any Series has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter in this Article VI provided, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that
Series, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration and its consequences if: 
 (a) the Company
has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay: 
 (i) all overdue interest, if any, on all Securities of that
Series, 
 (ii) the principal of any Securities of that Series which have become due otherwise than by such declaration of
acceleration and interest thereon at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, 
 (iii) to the extent that
payment of such interest is lawful, interest upon any overdue principal and overdue interest at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, and 
 (iv) all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the
Trustee, its agents and counsel; and 
  

 22 








 (b) all Events of Default with respect to Securities of that Series, other than the non-payment of the
principal of Securities of that Series which have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in Section 6.13. 
 No such rescission shall affect any subsequent Default or impair any right consequent thereon. 
 Section 6.3. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee. 
 The Company covenants that if 
 (a) default is made in the payment of any interest on any Security when such interest becomes due and payable and such default continues for a period of
30 days, or 
 (b) default is made in the payment of principal of any Security at the Maturity thereof, or 
 (c) default is made in the deposit of any sinking fund payment when and as due by the terms of a Security, 
 then, the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, the whole amount then due and payable on such
Securities for principal and interest and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable, interest on any overdue principal or any overdue interest, at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, and, in
addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel. 
 If the Company fails to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a
judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree and may enforce the same against the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities and collect the moneys adjudged or
deemed to be payable in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities, wherever situated. 
 If an Event of Default with respect to any Securities of any Series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such Series by such
appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted
herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy. 
 Section 6.4. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. 
 In case of the pendency of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial
proceeding relative to the 

  

 23 








 
Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or the property of the Company or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of
whether the principal of the Securities shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company for the payment of overdue principal or
interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise, 
 (a) to file and prove a claim for the whole
amount of principal and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable
compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding, and 
 (b) to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same, and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar
official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any
amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7. 
 Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of
reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding. 
 Section 6.5. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities. 
 All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the
Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the
payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered. 
 Section 6.6. Application of Money Collected. 
 Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article VI shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal or interest, upon
presentation of the Securities and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid: 
 First: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section 7.7; and 
  

 24 








 Second: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for principal of and interest
on the Securities in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal and interest,
respectively; and 
 Third: To the Company. 
 Section 6.7. Limitation on Suits. 
 No Holder of any Security of any Series shall have any right to
institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless 
 (a) such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that Series;

 (b) the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series shall have made written request to
the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder; 
 (c) such Holder or Holders
have offered to the Trustee reasonable indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request; 
 (d) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and 
 (e) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of that Series;

 it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any
provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the
manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all such Holders. 
 Section 6.8. Unconditional Right of Holders to
Receive Principal and Interest. 
 Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the right, which is absolute and unconditional, of
any Holder of any Security to receive payment of the principal of and interest on such Security on the Stated Maturity or Maturities expressed in such Security (or in the case of redemption, on the redemption date) held by such Holder, on or after
the respective due dates expressed in the Securities or any redemption date, or to bring suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the respective dates, shall not be impaired or affected adversely without the consent of each such
Holder. 
  

 25 








 Section 6.9. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. 
 If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued
or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored severally and
respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted. 
 Section 6.10. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. 
 Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in Section 2.9, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is
intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity
or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy. 
 Section 6.11. Delay or Omission Not Waiver. 
 No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an
acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article VI or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be.

 Section 6.12. Control by Holders. 
 The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee,
or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect to the Securities of such Series. However, the Trustee may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law or this Indenture or that the Trustee determines in good faith
is unduly prejudicial to the rights of other Holders or would involve the Trustee in personal liability. 
 Section 6.13. Waiver of Past
Defaults. 
 The Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series, by notice to the Trustee
(and without notice to any other Holder), may on behalf of the Holders of all of the Securities of such Series waive an existing Default with respect to such Series and its consequences except that the consent of the Holders of 100% of the
Securities of such Series shall be required to waive (a) an Event of Default described in Section 6.1(a) with respect to such Series or (b) a Default in respect of a provision that under Section 9.2 cannot be 

  

 26 








 
amended without the consent of the Holder of each outstanding Security of the Series affected. When a Default is waived, it is deemed cured, but no such
waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or impair any consequent right. 
 Section 6.14. Undertaking for Costs.

 All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any
court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such
suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good
faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section 6.14 shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Company, to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of
Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any Series, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of or interest on any Security on or after
the Stated Maturity or Stated Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the redemption date). 
 ARTICLE VII.

 TRUSTEE 
 Section 7.1.
Duties of Trustee. 
 (a) If an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in
it by this Indenture and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs. 
 (b) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default: 
 (i) The Trustee need perform only those duties that are specifically set forth in this Indenture and no others. The permissive right of the Trustee to take or refrain from taking any action hereunder shall not be
construed as a duty. 
 (ii) In the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of
the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon Officers’ Certificates or Opinions of Counsel furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; however, in the case of any such
Officers’ Certificates or Opinions of Counsel which by any provisions hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall examine such Officers’ Certificates and Opinions of Counsel to determine whether or
not they conform to the requirements of this Indenture. 
  

 27 








 (c) The Trustee may not be relieved from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent
failure to act or its own willful misconduct, except that: 
 (i) This paragraph does not limit the effect of paragraph
(b) of this Section. 
 (ii) The Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a
Responsible Officer, unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts. 
 (iii) The
Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it with respect to Securities of any Series in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
outstanding Securities of such Series relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture with respect to the
Securities of such Series. 
 (d) Every provision of this Indenture that in any way relates to the Trustee is subject to paragraph (a),
(b) and (c) of this Section 7.1. 
 (e) The Trustee may refuse to perform any duty or exercise any right or power unless it
receives indemnity satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense. 
 (f) The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any
money received by it except as the Trustee may agree in writing with the Company. Money held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. 
 (g) No provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any
of its duties, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk is not reasonably assured to it. 
 (h) The Paying Agent, the Registrar and any authenticating agent shall be entitled to the protections, immunities and standard of care as are set forth
in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this Section with respect to the Trustee. 
 Section 7.2. Rights of Trustee. 
 (a) The Trustee may rely on and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any document believed by it to be genuine and to have been
signed or presented by the proper person. The Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter stated in the document. 
 (b) Before the
Trustee acts or refrains from acting, it may require an Officers’ Certificate or an Opinion of Counsel. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith in reliance on such Officers’ Certificate or
Opinion of Counsel. 
 (c) The Trustee may act through agents and shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence of any agent
appointed with due care. No Depository shall be deemed an agent of the Trustee and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any act or omission by any Depository. 
  

 28 








 (d) The Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith which it
believes to be authorized or within its rights or powers. 
 (e) The Trustee may consult with counsel and the advice of such counsel or any
Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon. 
 (f) The Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of any of
the Holders of Securities unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction. 
 Section 7.3. Individual Rights of Trustee. 
 The Trustee in its individual or any other capacity may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company or an Affiliate with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee. Any Agent may do the same
with like rights. The Trustee is also subject to Sections 7.10 and 7.11. 
 Section 7.4. Trustee’s Disclaimer. 
 The Trustee shall not be responsible for and makes no representation as to the validity or adequacy of this Indenture or the Securities, it shall not be
accountable for the Company’s use of the proceeds from the Securities and it shall not be responsible for any statement or recital herein or any statement in the Securities or any other document in connection with the sale of the Securities or
pursuant to this Indenture other than its authentication. 
 Section 7.5. Notice of Defaults. 
 If a Default or Event of Default occurs and is continuing with respect to the Securities of any Series and if it is known to a Responsible Officer of the
Trustee, the Trustee shall mail to each Securityholder of the Securities of that Series and, if any Bearer Securities are outstanding, publish on one occasion in an Authorized Newspaper, notice of a Default or Event of Default within 90 days after
it occurs or, if later, after a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has knowledge of such Default or Event of Default. Except in the case of a Default or Event of Default in payment of principal of or interest on any Security of any Series, the
Trustee may withhold the notice if and so long as its corporate trust committee or a committee of its Responsible Officers in good faith determines that withholding the notice is in the interests of Securityholders of that Series. 
  

 29 








 Section 7.6. Reports by Trustee to Holders. 
 Within 60 days after [date] in each year, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Securityholders, as their names and addresses appear on the register
kept by the Registrar and, if any Bearer Securities are outstanding, publish in an Authorized Newspaper, a brief report dated as of such [date], in accordance with, and to the extent required under, TIA Section 313. 
 A copy of each report at the time of its mailing to Securityholders of any Series shall be filed with the SEC and each stock exchange on which the
Securities of that Series are listed. The Company shall promptly notify the Trustee when Securities of any Series are listed on any stock exchange. 
 Section 7.7. Compensation and Indemnity. 
 The Company shall pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for
its services. The Trustee’s compensation shall not be limited by any law on compensation of a trustee of an express trust. The Company shall reimburse the Trustee upon request for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by it. Such
expenses shall include the reasonable compensation and expenses of the Trustee’s agents and counsel. 
 The Company shall indemnify the
Trustee (including the cost of defending itself) against any loss, liability or expense incurred by it except as set forth in the next paragraph in the performance of its duties under this Indenture as Trustee or Agent. The Trustee shall notify the
Company promptly of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. The Company shall defend the claim and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense. The Trustee may have separate counsel and the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of
such counsel. The Company need not pay for any settlement made without its consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. This indemnification shall apply to officers, directors, employees, shareholders and agents of the Trustee.

 The Company need not reimburse any expense or indemnify against any loss or liability determined by a court to have been incurred by the
Trustee or by any officer, director, employee, shareholder or agent of the Trustee through negligence or bad faith. 
 To secure the
Company’s payment obligations in this Section 7.7, the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities of any Series on all money or property held or collected by the Trustee, except that held in trust to pay principal and interest on
particular Securities of that Series. 
 When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services after an Event of Default specified in
Section 6.1(e) or (f) occurs, the expenses and the compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any Bankruptcy Law. 
 Section 7.8. Replacement of Trustee. 
 A resignation or removal of the Trustee and appointment of a
successor Trustee shall become effective only upon the successor Trustee’s acceptance of appointment as provided in this Section 7.8. 
  

 30 








 The Trustee may resign with respect to the Securities of one or more Series by so notifying the Company.
The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of any Series may remove the Trustee with respect to that Series by so notifying the Trustee and the Company in writing. The Company may remove the Trustee with respect to Securities of
one or more Series if: 
 (a) the Trustee fails to comply with Section 7.10; 
 (b) the Trustee is adjudged bankrupt or insolvent or an order for relief is entered with respect to the Trustee under any Bankruptcy Law; 
 (c) a Custodian or public officer takes charge of the Trustee or its property; or 
 (d) the Trustee becomes incapable of acting. 
 If the Trustee resigns or is removed or if a vacancy exists in the office of Trustee for any reason, the Company shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee. Within one year after the successor Trustee takes office, the Holders of a majority
in principal amount of the then outstanding Securities may appoint a successor Trustee to replace the successor Trustee appointed by the Company. 
 If a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any one or more Series does not take office within 60 days after the retiring Trustee resigns or is removed, the retiring Trustee, the Company or the Holders of at least 10% in
principal amount of the Securities of the applicable Series may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee. 
 If the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any one or more Series fails to comply with Section 7.10, any Securityholder of the applicable Series may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the
removal of the Trustee and the appointment of a successor Trustee. 
 A successor Trustee shall deliver a written acceptance of its
appointment to the retiring Trustee and to the Company. Immediately after that, the retiring Trustee shall transfer all property held by it as Trustee to the successor Trustee subject to the lien provided for in Section 7.7, the resignation or
removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective, and the successor Trustee shall have all the rights, powers and duties of the Trustee with respect to each Series of Securities for which it is acting as Trustee under this Indenture. A
successor Trustee shall mail a notice of its succession to each Securityholder of each such Series and, if any Bearer Securities are outstanding, publish such notice on one occasion in an Authorized Newspaper. Notwithstanding replacement of the
Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.8, the Company’s obligations under Section 7.7 hereof shall continue for the benefit of the retiring trustee with respect to reasonable expenses and liabilities incurred by it prior to such
replacement. 
  

 31 








 Section 7.9. Successor Trustee by Merger, Etc. 
 If the Trustee consolidates with, merges or converts into, or transfers all or substantially all of its corporate trust business to, another corporation,
the successor corporation without any further act shall be the successor Trustee. 
 Section 7.10. Eligibility; Disqualification.

 This Indenture shall always have a Trustee who satisfies the requirements of TIA Section 310(a)(1), (2) and (5). The Trustee
shall always have a combined capital and surplus of at least $25,000,000 as set forth in its most recent published annual report of condition. The Trustee shall comply with TIA Section 310(b). 
 Section 7.11. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company. 
 The Trustee is subject to TIA Section 311(a), excluding any creditor relationship listed in TIA Section 311(b). A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to TIA Section 311(a) to the
extent indicated. 
 ARTICLE VIII. 
 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE; DEFEASANCE 
 Section 8.1. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. 
 This Indenture shall upon Company Order cease to be of further effect (except as hereinafter provided in this Section 8.1), and the Trustee, at the
expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when 
 (a) either

 (i) all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than Securities that have been destroyed, lost or stolen
and that have been replaced or paid) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or 
 (ii) all such Securities not
theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation pursuant to (i) above 
 (1) have become due and payable, or

 (2) will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year, or 
 (3) are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption
by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, or 
 (4) are deemed paid and discharged pursuant to
Section 8.3, as applicable; 
  

 32 








 and the Company, in the case of (1), (2) or (3) above, has deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee
in trust an amount, without reinvestment, which is sufficient for the purpose of paying and discharging the entire indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal and interest to the date of
such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and payable on or prior to the date of such deposit) or to the Stated Maturity or redemption date, as the case may be; 
 (b) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company; and 
 (c) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein
provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with. 
 Notwithstanding the satisfaction and
discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 7.7, and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to clause (a) of this Section, the provisions of Sections 2.5, 2.8, 2.9, 8.1,
8.2 and 8.5 shall survive. 
 Section 8.2. Application of Trust Funds; Indemnification. 
 (a) Subject to the provisions of Section 8.5, all money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.1, all money and Government
Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.3 or 8.4 and all money received by the Trustee in respect of Government Obligations deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 8.3 or 8.4, shall be held in trust and applied
by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the persons entitled
thereto, of the principal and interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with or received by the Trustee or to make mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments as contemplated by Sections 8.3 or 8.4. 
 (b) The Company shall pay and shall indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against Government Obligations
deposited pursuant to Sections 8.3 or 8.4 or the interest and principal received in respect of such Government Obligations other than any payable by or on behalf of Holders. 
 (c) The Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon Company Request any Government Obligations or money held by it as provided in
Sections 8.3 or 8.4 which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent certified public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are then in excess of the amount thereof which then would
have been required to be deposited for the purpose for which such Government Obligations or money were deposited or received. This provision shall not authorize the sale by the Trustee of any Government Obligations held under this Indenture.

  

 33 








 Section 8.3. Legal Defeasance of Securities of any Series. 
 Unless this Section 8.3 is otherwise specified, pursuant to subparagraph 2.2.17, to be inapplicable to Securities of any Series, the Company shall
be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness on all the outstanding Securities of such Series on the date of the deposit referred to in subparagraph (c)(1) hereof, and the provisions of this Indenture, as it relates to such
outstanding Securities of such Series, shall no longer be in effect (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall, at Company Request, execute proper instruments acknowledging the same), except as to: 
 (a) the rights of Holders of Securities of such Series to receive, from the trust funds described in subparagraph (c)(1) hereof, (i) payment of the
principal of and each installment of principal of and interest on the outstanding Securities of such Series on the Stated Maturity of such principal or installment of principal or interest and (ii) the benefit of any mandatory sinking fund
payments applicable to the Securities of such Series on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and the Securities of such Series; 
 (b) the provisions of Sections 2.5, 2.8, 2.9, 8.2, 8.3 and 8.5; and 
 (c) the rights, powers, trust and immunities of the Trustee hereunder; 
 provided that, the following
conditions shall have been satisfied: 
 (1) The Company shall have irrevocably deposited with the Trustee, in trust,
(i) sufficient funds in the currency or currency unit in which the Securities of such Series are denominated to pay, without reinvestment, the principal of and interest to Stated Maturity (or redemption) on, the Securities of such Series, or
(ii) such amount of direct obligations of, or obligations the principal of and interest on which are fully guaranteed by, the government which issued the currency in which the Securities of such series are denominated (“Government
Obligations”), and which are not subject to prepayment, redemption or call, as will, together with the predetermined and certain income to accrue thereon without consideration of any reinvestment thereof, be sufficient to pay when due the
principal of, and interest to Stated Maturity (or redemption) on, the Securities of such Series. 
 (2) The Company shall
(i) have delivered an Opinion of Counsel that the Company has met all of the conditions precedent to such defeasance and that the Holders of the Securities of such Series will not recognize income, gain or loss for United States Federal income
tax purposes as a result of such defeasance, and will be subject to tax in the same manner as if no defeasance and discharge or covenant defeasance, as the case may be, had occurred or (ii) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an
Opinion of Counsel to the effect that (A) the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling or (B) since the date this Indenture was first executed, there has been a change in the
applicable federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel in the United States shall confirm that, the holders of outstanding Securities of that particular Series will not recognize income, gain
or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such defeasance. 
  

 34 








 Section 8.4. Covenant Defeasance. 
 Unless this Section 8.4 is otherwise specified pursuant to subparagraph 2.2.17 to be inapplicable to Securities of any Series, on the date of the
deposit referred to in subparagraph (a) hereof, the Company may omit to comply with any term, provision or condition set forth under Sections 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5 and 5.1 as well as any additional covenants contained in a supplemental indenture
hereto for a particular Series of Securities or a Board Resolution or an Officers’ Certificate delivered pursuant to Section 2.2.21 (and the failure to comply with any such covenants shall not constitute a Default or Event of Default under
Section 6.1) and the occurrence of any event described in clause (e) of Section 6.1 shall not constitute a Default or Event of Default hereunder, with respect to the Securities of such Series, provided that the following conditions
shall have been satisfied: 
 (a) The Company shall have irrevocably deposited with the Trustee, in trust, (i) sufficient funds in the
currency or currency unit in which the Securities of such Series are denominated to pay the principal of and interest to Stated Maturity (or redemption) on, the Securities of such Series, or (ii) such amount of Government Obligations, which are
not subject to prepayment, redemption or call, as will, together with the predetermined and certain income to accrue thereon without consideration of any reinvestment thereof, be sufficient to pay when due the principal of, and interest to Stated
Maturity (or redemption) on, the Securities of such Series. 
 (b) The Company shall have delivered an Opinion of Counsel that the Company
has met all of the conditions precedent to such defeasance and that the Holders of the Securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for United States Federal income tax purposes as a result of such defeasance, and will be
subject to tax in the same manner as if no defeasance and discharge or covenant defeasance, as the case may be, had occurred. 
 Section 8.5. Repayment to Company. 
 The Trustee and the Paying Agent shall pay to the Company upon request any money held by
them for the payment of principal and interest that remains unclaimed for two years. After that, Securityholders entitled to the money must look to the Company for payment as general creditors unless an applicable abandoned property law designates
another person. 
 ARTICLE IX. 
 AMENDMENTS AND WAIVERS 
 Section 9.1. Without Consent of Holders. 
 The Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture or the Securities of one or more Series without the consent of any Securityholder:

 (a) to evidence the succession of another corporation to the Company and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the
Company herein and in the Securities; 
  

 35 








 (b) to add to the covenants, agreements and obligations of the Company for the benefit of the Holders of
all of the Securities or any Series thereof, or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company; 
 (c) to establish the
forms or terms of Securities of any Series; 
 (d) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee
with respect to the Securities of one or more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to
the requirements of Section 7.8; 
 (e) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency; 
 (f) to add to, change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture (which addition, change or elimination may apply to one or more Series of
Securities), provided that any such addition, change or elimination shall neither (i) apply to any Security of any Series created prior to the execution of such supplemental indenture and entitled to the benefit of such provision nor
(ii) modify the rights of the Holder of any such Security with respect to such provision; 
 (g) to secure the Securities; or

 (h) to make any other change that does not adversely affect the rights of any Securityholder in any material respect. 
 Section 9.2. With Consent of Holders. 
 With the written consent of the Holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Securities of each Series affected by such supplemental indenture, the Company and the Trustee may amend this Indenture or the
Securities of any Series or may enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the
rights of the Holders of the Securities of such series and any related coupons under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such amendment or supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder of each outstanding Security affected
thereby: 
 (a) change the Stated Maturity of the principal of, or any installment of principal or interest on, any such Security or reduce
the principal amount thereof or the rate of interest thereon or any premium payable upon redemption thereof or reduce the amount of principal of any such Discount Security that would be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of maturity
thereof pursuant to Section 6.2, or change the coin or currency in which, any principal of, or any installment of interest on, any such Security is payable, or impair the right to institute 

  

 36 








 
suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the Stated Maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the redemption date);

 (b) reduce the percentage in principal amount of the outstanding Securities of any series, the consent of whose Holders is required for
any such amendment or supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver (of compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture or certain defaults hereunder and their consequences) with respect to the Securities of
such Series provided for in this Indenture; or 
 (c) modify any of the provisions of this Section, Section 6.4 or 6.7, except to
increase the percentage of outstanding Securities of such Series required for such actions to provide that certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each outstanding Security
affected thereby. 
 A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or other provision of this Indenture which has
expressly been included solely for the benefit of one or more particular Series of Securities, or which modifies the rights of the Holders of Securities of such Series with respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect
the rights under this Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other Series. 
 It shall not be necessary for the consent of the Holders
under this Section 9.2 to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment or supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such consent approves the substance thereof. 
 After an amendment or supplemental indenture under this Section 9.2 becomes effective, the Company shall mail to each Holder of the particular
Securities affected thereby and, if any Bearer Securities affected thereby are outstanding, publish on one occasion in an Authorized Newspaper, a notice briefly describing the amendment. Any failure by the Company to mail or publish such notice, or
any defect therein, shall not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such amendment or supplemental indenture. 
 Section 9.3. Compliance with Trust Indenture Act. 
 Every amendment to this Indenture or the Securities of one or more Series
shall be set forth in a supplemental indenture hereto that complies with the TIA as then in effect. 
 Section 9.4. Revocation and
Effect of Consents. 
 Until an amendment or waiver becomes effective, a consent to it by a Holder of a Security is a continuing consent by
the Holder and every subsequent Holder of a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security, even if notation of the consent is not made on any Security. However, any such Holder or subsequent
Holder may revoke the consent as to his Security or portion of a Security if the Trustee receives the notice of revocation before the date the amendment or waiver becomes effective. 
  

 37 








 Any amendment or waiver once effective shall bind every Securityholder of each Series affected by such
amendment or waiver unless it is of the type described in any of clauses (a) through (c) of Section 9.2. In that case, the amendment or waiver shall bind each Holder of a Security who has consented to it and every subsequent Holder of
a Security or portion of a Security that evidences the same debt as the consenting Holder’s Security. 
 Section 9.5. Notation on
or Exchange of Securities. 
 The Trustee may place an appropriate notation about an amendment or waiver on any Security of any Series
thereafter authenticated. The Company in exchange for Securities of that Series may issue and the Trustee shall authenticate upon request new Securities of that Series that reflect the amendment or waiver. 
 Section 9.6. Trustee Protected. 
 In
executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article IX or the modifications thereby of the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to
Section 7.1) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture. The Trustee shall sign all supplemental indentures, except that
the Trustee need not sign any supplemental indenture that adversely affects its rights. 
 ARTICLE X. 
 MISCELLANEOUS 
 Section 10.1. Trust
Indenture Act Controls. 
 If any provision of this Indenture limits, qualifies, or conflicts with another provision which is required or
deemed to be included in this Indenture by the TIA, such required or deemed provision shall control. 
 Section 10.2. Notices.

 Any notice or communication by the Company or the Trustee to the other is duly given if in writing and delivered in person or mailed by
first-class mail (registered or certified, return receipt requested), telecopier or overnight air courier guaranteeing next day delivery, to the other’s address: 
 if to the Company: 
 AbitibiBowater Inc. 
 1155 Metcalfe Street, Suite 800 
 Montreal,
Quebec 
 Canada H3B 5H2 
 Attention:                                  
 Fax:
                                        
   
  

 38 








 if to the Trustee: 
 ____________________ 
 ____________________ 
 ____________________ 
 Attention:
                         
 Fax:                                   

 The Company or the Trustee by notice to the other may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices or
communications. 
 Any notice or communication to a Securityholder shall be mailed by first-class mail, certified or registered, return
receipt requested, or by overnight courier guaranteeing next day delivery to his or her address shown on the register kept by the Registrar and, if any Bearer Securities are outstanding, published in an Authorized Newspaper. Failure to mail a notice
or communication to a Securityholder of any Series or any defect in it shall not affect its sufficiency with respect to other Securityholders of that or any other Series. 
 If a notice or communication is mailed, personally delivered or published in the manner provided above, within the time prescribed, it is duly given, whether or not the Securityholder receives it. 
 If the Company mails a notice or communication to Securityholders, it shall mail a copy to the Trustee and each Agent at the same time. 
 Section 10.3. Communication by Holders with Other Holders. 
 Securityholders of any Series may communicate pursuant to TIA Section 312(b) with other Securityholders of that Series or any other Series with respect to their rights under this Indenture or the Securities of
that Series or all Series. The Company, the Trustee, the Registrar and anyone else shall have the protection of TIA Section 312(c). 
 Section 10.4. Certificate and Opinion as to Conditions Precedent. 
 Upon any request or application by the Company to the
Trustee to take any action under this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee: 
 (a) an Officers’ Certificate stating that,
in the opinion of the signers, all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with; and 
 (b) an Opinion of Counsel stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all such conditions precedent have been complied with. 
  

 39 








 Section 10.5. Statements Required in Certificate or Opinion. 
 Each certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (other than a certificate provided
pursuant to TIA Section 314(a)(4)) shall comply with the provisions of TIA Section 314(e) and shall include: 
 (a) a statement
that the person making such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition; 
 (b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope
of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based; 
 (c) a
statement that, in the opinion of such person, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and 
 (d) a statement as to whether or not, in the opinion of such person, such condition or covenant has been complied with. 
 Section 10.6. Rules by Trustee and Agents. 
 The Trustee may make reasonable rules for action by or a meeting of Securityholders of one or more Series. Any Agent may make reasonable rules and set reasonable requirements for its functions. 
 Section 10.7. Legal Holidays. 
 Unless
otherwise provided by Board Resolution, Officers’ Certificate or supplemental indenture for a particular Series, a “Legal Holiday” is any day that is not a Business Day. If a payment date is a Legal Holiday at a place of payment,
payment may be made at that place on the next succeeding day that is not a Legal Holiday, and no interest shall accrue for the intervening period. 
 Section 10.8. No Recourse Against Others. 
 A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company shall not
have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Securities or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. Each Securityholder by accepting a Security waives and releases
all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issue of the Securities. All Securities, including Global Securities, shall bear a legend in a form substantially setting forth the foregoing statements in this
Section 10.8. 
  

 40 








 Section 10.9. Counterparts. 
 This Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts and by the parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when so executed shall be
deemed to be an original and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. 
 Section 10.10. Governing Laws.

 THIS INDENTURE AND THE SECURITIES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK APPLICABLE TO AGREEMENTS MADE AND TO BE PERFORMED
IN SUCH STATE, WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CONFLICT OF LAWS PROVISIONS THEREOF. 
 Section 10.11. No Adverse Interpretation of Other
Agreements. 
 This Indenture may not be used to interpret another indenture, loan or debt agreement of the Company or a Subsidiary. Any such
indenture, loan or debt agreement may not be used to interpret this Indenture. 
 Section 10.12. Successors. 
 All agreements of the Company in this Indenture and the Securities shall bind its successor. All agreements of the Trustee in this Indenture shall bind
its successor. 
 Section 10.13. Severability. 
 In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or
impaired thereby. 
 Section 10.14. Table of Contents, Headings, Etc. 
 The Table of Contents, Cross Reference Table, and headings of the Articles and Sections of this Indenture have been inserted for convenience of reference
only, are not to be considered a part hereof, and shall in no way modify or restrict any of the terms or provisions hereof. 
 ARTICLE XI.

 SINKING FUNDS 
 Section 11.1. Applicability of Article. 
 The provisions of this Article XI shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the
retirement of the Securities of a Series, except as otherwise permitted or required by any form of Security of such Series issued pursuant to this Indenture. 
 The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of the Securities of any Series is herein referred to as a “mandatory sinking fund payment” and any other amount provided for by the
terms of Securities of such Series is herein referred to as an 

  

 41 








 
“optional sinking fund payment.” If provided for by the terms of Securities of any Series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be
subject to reduction as provided in Section 11.2. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any Series as provided for by the terms of the Securities of such Series. 
 Section 11.2. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities. 
 The Company may, in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking fund payment with respect to the Securities of any Series to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities (1) deliver outstanding Securities
of such Series to which such sinking fund payment is applicable (other than any of such Securities previously called for mandatory sinking fund redemption) and (2) apply as a credit Securities of such Series to which such sinking fund payment
is applicable and which have been redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Series of Securities (except pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund) or through the application of permitted optional sinking fund
payments or other optional redemptions pursuant to the terms of such Securities, provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received by the Trustee, together with an Officers’ Certificate with
respect thereto, not later than 15 days prior to the date on which the Trustee begins the process of selecting Securities for redemption, and shall be credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the price specified in such Securities for redemption
through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly. If as a result of the delivery or credit of Securities in lieu of cash payments pursuant to this Section 11.2. The principal amount
of Securities of such Series to be redeemed in order to exhaust the aforesaid cash payment shall be less than $100,000, the Trustee need not call Securities of such Series for redemption, except upon receipt of a Company Order that such action be
taken, and such cash payment shall be held by the Trustee or a Paying Agent and applied to the next succeeding sinking fund payment, provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent shall from time to time upon receipt of a Company Order pay
over and deliver to the Company any cash payment so being held by the Trustee or such Paying Agent upon delivery by the Company to the Trustee of Securities of that Series purchased by the Company having an unpaid principal amount equal to the cash
payment required to be released to the Company. 
 Section 11.3. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund. 
 Not less than 45 days (unless otherwise indicated in the Board Resolution, supplemental indenture hereto or Officers’ Certificate in respect of a
particular Series of Securities) prior to each sinking fund payment date for any Series of Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officers’ Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment for
that Series pursuant to the terms of that Series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting of Securities of that Series pursuant to
Section 11.2. and the optional amount, if any, to be added in cash to the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment, and the Company shall thereupon be obligated to pay the amount therein specified. Not less than 30 days (unless otherwise
indicated in the Board Resolution, Officers’ Certificate or supplemental indenture in respect of a particular Series of Securities) before each such sinking fund payment date the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such
sinking fund 

  

 42 








 
payment date in the manner specified in Section 3.2 and cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the
Company in the manner provided in Section 3.3. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Sections 3.4, 3.5 and 3.6. 
 ARTICLE XII. 
 GUARANTEES 
 Section 12.1. Unconditional Guarantee. 
 (a) Each Subsidiary Guarantor hereby, jointly and severally, unconditionally guarantees to each Holder and to the Trustee the due and punctual payment of the principal of, and interest on the Securities and all other amounts due and payable
under this Indenture and the Securities by the Company whether at maturity, by acceleration, redemption, repurchase or otherwise, including, without limitation, interest on the overdue principal of and interest on the Securities, to the extent
lawful, all in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof; subject, however, to the limitations set forth in this Article XII. 
 (b)
Failing payment when due of any amount so guaranteed for whatever reason, the Subsidiary Guarantors will be jointly and severally obligated to pay the same immediately. Each Subsidiary Guarantor hereby agrees that its obligations hereunder shall be
unconditional, irrespective of the validity, regularity or enforceability of the Securities or this Indenture, the absence of any action to enforce the same, any waiver or consent by any Holder of the Securities with respect to any provisions hereof
or thereof, the recovery of any judgment against the Company, any action to enforce the same or any other circumstance which might otherwise constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of a guarantor. Each Subsidiary Guarantor hereby waives
diligence, presentment, demand of payments, filing of claims with a court in the event of insolvency or bankruptcy of the Company, any right to require a proceeding first against the Company, protest, notice and all demands whatsoever and covenants
that this Subsidiary Guarantee will not be discharged except by complete performance of the obligations contained in the Securities, this Indenture and in the Subsidiary Guarantee. If any Holder or the Trustee is required by any court or otherwise
to return to the Company, any Subsidiary Guarantor, or any custodian, trustee, liquidator or other similar official acting in relation to the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor, any amount paid by the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor to the
Trustee or such Holder, the Subsidiary Guarantee, to the extent theretofore discharged, shall be reinstated in full force and effect. Each Subsidiary Guarantor agrees it shall not be entitled to any right of subrogation in relation to the Holders in
respect of any obligations guaranteed hereby until payment in full of all obligations guaranteed hereby. Each Subsidiary Guarantor further agrees that, as between each Subsidiary Guarantor, on the one hand, and the Holders and the Trustee, on the
other hand, (1) the maturity of the payment of principal of, interest, if any, and additional interest, if any, with respect to the Securities guaranteed hereby may be accelerated as provided in Article VI for the purposes of the applicable
Subsidiary Guarantee, notwithstanding any stay, injunction or other prohibition preventing such acceleration in respect of the obligations guaranteed in this Indenture, and (2) in the event of any acceleration of such obligations as provided in
Article VI, such obligations (whether or not due and payable) shall forthwith become due and payable by each Subsidiary Guarantor for the purpose of the applicable Subsidiary Guarantee. 
  

 43 








 (c) A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of an Subsidiary Guarantor shall not have any
liability for any obligations of such Subsidiary Guarantor under this Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. 
 Section 12.2. Limitation of Subsidiary Guarantor’s Liability. 
 Each Subsidiary Guarantor and by its acceptance hereof each Holder of Securities hereby confirms that it is the intention of all such parties that the guarantee by such Subsidiary Guarantor pursuant to its Subsidiary
Guarantee not constitute a fraudulent transfer or conveyance for purposes of any federal, state or foreign law. To effectuate the foregoing intention, the Holders of Securities and each Subsidiary Guarantor hereby irrevocably agree that the
obligations of each Subsidiary Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee shall be limited to the maximum amount as will, after giving effect to all other contingent and fixed liabilities of such Subsidiary Guarantor and after giving effect to any
collections from or payments made by or on behalf of any other Subsidiary Guarantor in respect of the obligations of such other Subsidiary Guarantor under its Subsidiary Guarantee, result in the obligations of such Subsidiary Guarantor under the
Subsidiary Guarantee not constituting a fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer under federal, state or foreign law. 
 Section 12.3. Contribution. 
 In order to provide for just and equitable contribution among the Subsidiary Guarantors, the
Subsidiary Guarantors agree, inter se, that in the event any payment or distribution is made by any Subsidiary Guarantor (a “Funding Guarantor”) under the Subsidiary Guarantee, such Funding Guarantor shall be entitled to a contribution
from each other Subsidiary Guarantor for all payments, damages and expenses incurred by the Funding Guarantor in discharging the Company’s obligations with respect to the Securities or any other Subsidiary Guarantor’s obligations with
respect to the Subsidiary Guarantee. 
 Section 12.4. Execution and Delivery of Subsidiary Guarantees. 
 Each Subsidiary Guarantor hereby agrees that its execution and delivery of this Indenture or any supplemental indentures pursuant to Article IX shall
evidence its Subsidiary Guarantee set forth in Section 12.1 without the need for any further notation on the Securities. 
 Each of the
Subsidiary Guarantors hereby agrees that its Subsidiary Guarantee set forth in Section 12.1 shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding any failure to endorse on each Security a notation relating to such Subsidiary Guarantee.

 If an Officer of a Subsidiary Guarantor whose signature is on this Indenture or any supplemental indenture no longer holds that office at
the time the Trustee authenticates such Securities or at any time thereafter, such Subsidiary Guarantor’s Subsidiary Guarantee shall be valid nevertheless. 
  


 44 








 The delivery of any Security by the Trustee, after the authentication thereof hereunder, shall constitute
due delivery of any Subsidiary Guarantee set forth in this Indenture on behalf of the Subsidiary Guarantor. 
 Section 12.5 Addition of
Subsidiary Guarantors. 
 Any Person that was not a Subsidiary Guarantor on the date hereof may become a Subsidiary Guarantor by executing
and delivering to the Trustee (A) a supplemental indenture in form and substance satisfactory to the Trustee, which subjects such Person to the provisions (including the representations and warranties) of this Indenture as a Subsidiary
Guarantor and (B) an Opinion of Counsel and Officer’s Certificate to the effect that such supplemental indenture has been duly authorized and executed by such Person and constitutes the legal, valid, binding and enforceable obligation of
such Person (subject to customary exceptions concerning creditor’s rights and equitable principles as may be acceptable to the Trustee in its discretion and provided that no opinion need be rendered concerning the enforceability of the
Subsidiary Guarantee). 
 Section 12.6. Severability. 
 In case any provision of this Subsidiary Guarantee shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that portion of such provision that is not invalid, illegal or unenforceable shall remain in effect, and the validity,
legality, and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. 
  

 45 








 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed as of the day and
year first above written. 
  

			
	 ABITIBIBOWATER INC.

	
	 
	 By:
	 	
	 Title:
	 	
	
	 
	
	 
	 By:
	 	
	 Title:
	 	
	
	 SUBSIDIARY GUARANTORS, AS APPLICABLE

	
	 


  

 46