### SUBJECT:

FROM:

TO: UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY REGION III 1650 Arch Street Philadelphia, Maryland 19103

Technical Support Document (TSD)- Adequacy Findings for the Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets (MVEBs) in the 1997 and 2006 Fine Particulate Matter (PM2

.s) National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) Maintenance Planfor the Johnstown, Pennsylvania (PA) 1997 PM2

.s and2006 PM2.sNonattainmentAreas 

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Administrative Record for the Adequacy Findings for the Motor Vehicle Emissions Budgets (MVEBs) in the 1997 and 2006 Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.s) National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) Maintenance Plan for the Johnstown, Pennsylvania (PA) 1997 

### PMz.s and2006 PM2

.sNonattainment Areas



### THRU: Marilyn Powers, Acting Associate

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I. Background

On January 5, 2005 (70 FR 944, 1014), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published air quality area designations for the 1997 PM2

.sNAAQS. In thatrulemaking action, EPA designated the Johnstown Area as nonattainment for the 1997 annual PM2

.s standard. The Johnstown Area includes Cambria County and portions oflndianaCountyin the Commonwealth ofPennsylvania. OnSeptember 25, 2009 (74 FR48863), EPA determined that the Johnstown Areahad attainedthe 1997 

### PMz.sNAAQS based on quality-assured, quality-controlled and certified ambient air monitoring datathat show the Areahas monitored attainment based on 2006 through 2008 data.

OnNovember 13, 2009 (74 FR 58688), the EPA published air quality area designations for the 2006 

### PMz.s NAAQS. Inthatrulemaking action, EPA designated the Johnstown Area as nonattainment for the 2006 daily 

### PMz

.sstandard

. On March 29,2012 (77 FR 18922), EPA determined that the Johnstown Areahad attained the 2006 daily PM2.sNAAQS based on qualityassured, quality-controlled, and certified ambient air monitoring data that show the Areahas monitored attainment based on 2008 through 2010 data.II. Transportation Conformity Requirements
Transportation conformity is required under section 176(c) ofthe Clean AirAct (CAA) to ensure that federally supported highway, transit projects, and other activities are consistent with (conform to) the purpose ofthe State Implementation Plan (SIP). The CAA requires federal actions in nonattainment and maintenance areas to "conformto" the goals ofthe SIP. This

means that such actions will not cause or contribute to violations ofa NAAQS; worsen the severity ofan existing violation; or delay timely attainment ofany NAAQSor any interim milestone. Actions involving Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) orFederal Transit Administration (FTA) funding or approval are subject to the Transportation Conformity Rule (40 CFRpart 93, subpart A). Under this rule, metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) in nonattainment and maintenance areas coordinate with state air quality and transportation agencies, EPA, FHW A, and FTAto demonstrate that their metropolitan transportationplans and transportation improvementplans (TIPs) conform to applicable SIPs. This is typically determined by showing that estimated emissions from existing and planned highway and transit systems are less than or equal to the MVEBs contained in a SIP.
Transportation agencies in Pennsylvania are responsible for making timely transportation conformity determinations. The responsible agencies in the Johnstown Area, designated as the MPO under federal transportationplanning requirements, are: 1) Johnstown Area Transportation Study for Cambria County; and 2) the Southwestern Planning Commission for Indiana County. Separate conformity budgets are being established for each MPO. The transportation conformity regulations (40 CFR §93.124(d)) allow a SIP to establishMVEBs for each MPO ifa nonattainment area includes more than one MPO. The PennsylvaniaDepartment of Transportation has requested separate budgets to allow the planning organizations to move their transportation conformity determinations through the approval processes separately.

ForMVEBs to be approvable, they must meet, at a minimum, EPA's adequacy criteria found at 40 CFR 93.118(e)(4). EPA's adequacy criteria are: (1) the submitted control strategy implementationplan was endorsed by the Governor or designee and was subject to a State public hearing; (2) consultation among Federal, State, and local agencies occurred; full implementation plan documentation was provided to EPA; and EPA's stated concerns, ifany, were addressed before the control strategy implementationplanwas submitted; (3) the MVEBs are clearly identified and precisely quantified; (4) the MVEBs, when considered together with all other emissions sources, are consistent with applicable requirements for maintenance; (5) the MVEBs

are consistent with and clearly related to the emissions inventory and the control measures in the submitted control strategy implementation plan; and (6) revisions to previously submitted maintenance plans explain and document any changes to previously submitted budgets and control measures; impacts on point and area source emissions; any changes to established safety margins; and reasons for the changes (including the basis for any changes related to emission factors or estimates ofvehicle miles traveled).

III. Review ofthe Submitted Modeling Utilizing the Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES2010)

To run the MOVES2010 model, a run specification (hereafter referred to as "RunSpec") must be

2created so the appropriate parameters are selected for the modeling run. The RunSpecs, inputs, and outputs were reviewed against the following EPA document: Technical Guidance on the use of MOVES2010 for Emission Inventory Preparation in State Implementation Plans and Transportation Conformity. This guidance document provides guidance onthe use ofthe MOVES model to develop inventories for SIPs as well as analysis ofemissions for transportation conformity determinations.

EPA carefully reviewed the inputs into the model to ensure thatthey are representative ofeach respective parameter for the area. Table 1presents the inputparameters and the Commonwealth's submittal for each parameter. The RunSpec parameters were reviewed as well; Table 2 presents the RunSpec parameters and the Commonwealth's submittal for eachparameter. The RunSpecs, input files, and output files were reviewed and found to have followed the applicable EPA guidance provided inthe Technical Guidance on the use of MOVES2010 for Emission Inventory Preparation in State Implementation Plans and Transportation Conformity.

Table 1. Review ofInputs for RunSpecs for years 2007, 2017, and 2025 for the Johnstown Area Redesignation Request Parameter State Submittal Age Distribution All source types were presented with respectto age (0-30 years), and the age fraction ofeach source type. Average Speed All source types were presented with respectto roadtype, hour ofthe Distribution day, average speed and average speed fraction. FuelType and This parameter includes an input for alternative vehicle fuels and Technologies technologies, input ofthis parameter applies to areas that have vehicle fuels and technologies that are outside ofthe traditional inputs provided inthe county data manager. There was no input provided for this parameter. Fuel (Includes inputs 

## • For fuel formulation, the fuel formulation ID, Reid Vapor for fuel formulation and Pressure (RVP), and sulfur levels were included along with fuel supply) other data. 

## • ForFuel Supply, the fuel formulation ID as well as the month group ID were included along with otherparameters. Meteorology Data Meteorology datawas provided for each hour ofthe day for each month. The meteorology dataprovided included temperature and relative humidity averages for each hour ofa day for each month. Ramp Fraction The fractions oframp driving times were provided for restricted

access roadways. Road Type Distribution The vehicle miles traveled (VMT) fraction for eachroad type is provided for each source type and road type. Source Type Population The amount ofvehicles for each source type areprovided. Vehicle Type VMT 

## • The daily VMT fractions were provided for respective days (includes inputs for and source types. daily VMT fraction, 

## • The hourly VMT fractions were provided with respect to hour hourly VMT fraction, ofthe day and source type. and monthly VMT 

## • The monthly VMT was provided with respectto source type

3fraction) and month. Inspection/Maintenance The liMprograms were presented with respect to source types and (liM) Programs compliance factors as well as other data.

Table 2. RunSpec Reviews for the Johnstown Area Redesignation Request for Years 2007, 2017, and 2025 Domain/Scale County scale was selected. This is acceptable for this air quality analysis. Calculation Type Inventory was selected which is acceptable for this analysis. Time Aggregation Hourly time aggregation was selected. Selection ofhourly time Level aggregation level is acceptable for this analysis. Calendar Year Of The appropriate calendar year was selected. MOVES2010b can Evaluation modelyears 1990 and 1999-2050. Month ofEvaluation All 12 months were selected for evaluation. Type ofDay of Weekdays and weekends were selected. Evaluation Hours ofEvaluation Starting and ending hours create a whole day (from 0-24 hours). Geographic Bounds Indiana, or Cambria County was selected. Vehicles/Equipment: Appropriate combinations offuels and source use types were made. On-Road Vehicle Equipment Road Type Selection included all necessary road types. Pollutants and Nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (S02), ammonia (NH3), Processes volatile organic compounds (VOCs) total gaseous hydrocarbons, nonmethane hydrocarbons and all forms ofprimary PM2.s were selected, which is acceptable for this analysis. On-Road Retrofits N/A ROP N/A Output Database/Unit Mass units selected to be grams; energy units selected to be million Selection British Thermal Units (BTU); distance units selected to be miles. Output Emission Detail Emission detail was selected viauserpreference. in EmissionRate Calculations Advanced Performance N/A Features

IV. Administrative Requirements for Making Adequacy Findings

EPA followed the process for determining the adequacy ofthe submitted SIP MVEBs in accordance with the procedures listed in the January 2008 Conformity Regulations contained in 40 CFRpart 93, 118(f) "Adequacy review process for implementation plan submissions." EPA will be issuing a notice ofproposed rulemaking (NPR) for a 30-day public commentperiod

4soliciting public comment for the approvability ofthe Commonwealth ofPennsylvania's SIP submission. The NPR also proposes approval ofthe MVEBs for milestone year 2017 and the out-year 2025 for the Johnstown, P A 1997 annual PM2.s and 2006 daily PM2.s Nonattainment Areas for PM2.s and nitrogen oxides (NOx) for transportation conformity purposes. The public will have the opportunity to commenton the adequacy/approvability ofthe budgets in the SIP revision. Following EPA'spublic commentperiod, responses to any comments received on the proposed mobile budgets inthe Commonwealth ofPennsylvania's SIP will be addressed inthe final rulemaking notice.

Shown in Tables 3 and 4 are the budgets from the Johnstown Area Maintenance Plan for milestone year 2017 and the out-year 2025 for PM2.s andNOx. The MVEBs will be applied to all future transportation conformity determinations and analyses for the 1997 annual PM2.s and 2006 daily PM2.s NAAQS.

Table 3. On-Road MVEBs Contained in the Johnstown Area 1997 annual PM2.s and 2006 daily PM2.sNonattainmentArea MaintenancePlan for Cambria County Year Motor Vehicle Emissions Mobile Vehicle Emissions Budget for PM2.s On-Road Budgetfor NOxOn-Road Emissions (tons peryear) Emissions (tons peryear) 2017 62.79 1,707.03 2025 46.71 1077.46

Table 4. On-Road MVEBs Contained in the Johnstown Area 1997 annualPM2.s and 2006 daily PM2.sNonattainmentArea MaintenancePlanfor Indiana County (partial) Year Motor Vehicle Emissions Mobile Vehicle Emissions Budget for PM2.s On-Road Budget forNOx On-Road Emissions (tons peryear) Emissions (tons per year) 2017 7.95 238.50 2025 4.38 120.98

V. Evaluation ofthe Adequacy ofthe MVEBs in the Johnstown Area MaintenancePlan for the 1997 annual PM2.s and 2006 daily PM2.sNAAQS

Inthis TSD, EPA is evaluating the MVEBs associated withthe Johnstown AreaMaintenance Plan for conformity purposes. EPA is using the evaluation criteria detailed in the Transportation Conformity Rule, 40 CFRpart 93.102(b)(2)(v), 93.102(b)(2)(v), 93.102(b)(3), andpart 93, 93.118(e)4 through 93.118(e)5. The evaluation is presented in Table 5, below.

5Table 5. Adequacy ofthe MVEBs Contained in the Johnstown Area Maintenance Plan for the 1997 annual PM2.s and 2006 daily PM2.sNAAQS

Transportation Conformity Review Criteria Was the Criterion Satisfied? Rule IfYes Howwas this Criteria 40 CFR Part 93, 93.118 Satisfied?

93.102(b)(2)(iv) Have EPA and the Neither EPA nor the Commonwealthmade a Commonwealth have made finding thatNOx is an such a finding. insignificant contributorto the direct mobile PM emissions?

93.102(b)(2)(v) Has EPA orthe Neither EPA nor the Commonwealthmade a Commonwealthhave made finding that volatile organic any findings thatVOCs, SOx, compounds (VOCs), Sulfur orNH3 are significant Oxides (SOx) orAmmonia contributors to the PM2.s (NH3) as precursors to be a mobile emissions. significant contributorto the mobile PM2.s emissions?

93.102(b)(3) Has the EPA or the NeitherEPA nor the Commonwealthmade a Commonwealthhave made finding that re-entrained road such a finding. dust is a significant contributor to the PM mobile emissions?

Sec. 93.118(e)(4)(i) Was the submitted revised Yes. The Johnstown Area plan endorsedby the Maintenance Plan was Governor (or his or her endorsed and submitted as a designee) and subjectto a SIP revision bythe Commonwealthpublic Governor's designee, the hearing? Acting Secretary of PennsylvaniaDepartment of Environmental Protection, E. DanaK. Aunkst. A public hearing onthe SIP proposal scheduled for November 5, 2014, was cancelled because

no one expressed interest in presenting testimony or

6attending the hearing. Sec. 93.118(e)(4)(ii) Before the maintenance plan Yes. Consultation has

was submitted to EPA, did occurred among all required consultation between federal, federal, State and local State and local agencies agenctes. occur; was full implementation plan documentation provided to EPA, and was EPA's stated

concerns, ifany, addressed?

Sec. 93.118(e)(4)(iii) Was the motorvehicle Yes, the budgets are clearly emissions budget(s) clearly identified onpages 37-38 of identified and precisely the Johnstown Area quantified? Maintenance Planprepared by the Pennsylvania Department ofEnvironmental Protection. Sec. 93.118(e)(4)(iv) Is the motor vehicle EPA believes the budgets can emissions budget(s), when be declared adequate because considered together with all in conjunction withthe other other emission reductions, emissionreductions, they consistent with applicable demonstrate continued requirements for maintenance for years 2017 maintenance? and 2025

.

Sec. 93.118(e)(4)(v) Is the motor vehicle EPA believes thatthe budgets emissions budget(s) are clearly related to the consistent with and clearly emissions inventory and the related to the emissions control measures in the SIP inventory and the control submittal.

measures in the Plan?

Sec. 93.118(e)(4)(vi) Revisions to previously Yes, the Johnstown Area submitted attainment Maintenance Planprovides demonstrations: explain and newMVEBs for years 2017 document any changes to and 2025 for PM2.s and NOx. previously submitted budgets The addition ofsafety and control measures; margins to the MVEBs is impacts onpoint and area consistent with continued

source em1sswns; any attainment. changes to established safety margins (see Sec. 93.101 for

7definition); and reasons for the changes (including the basis for any changes related to emission factors or estimates ofvehicle miles traveled).

Sec. 93.118(e)(5) Didthey provide and we Yes reviewedpublic comments and the Commonwealth's responses to those comments withthe submitted control strategy SIP?



### VI. Findings

Basedupon our review and evaluation ofthe MVEBs contained inthe Maintenance Planfor the Johnstown, PA 1997 annual PM2.s and 2006 daily PM2

.sNAAQS NonattainmentAreas, EPA finds the MVEBs adequate for conformity purposes and recommends that the MVEBs be SIP approved.

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