United States Department of Agriculture

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service

Plant Protection and Quarantine 

# Gypsy Moth Program ManualSome processes, equipment, and materials described in this manual may be patented. Inclusion in this manual does not constitute per mission for use from the patent owner. The use of any patented invention in the performance of the processes descr ibed in this manual is solely the responsibility of the user. APHIS does not indemnify the user agai nst liability for patent infringement and w ill not be liable to the user or to any third party for patent infringement.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its pr ograms and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin , age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital st atus, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic info rmation, political beliefs, r eprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any pub lic assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with dis abilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) s hould contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complain t of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720- 6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
When using pesticides, read and fo llow all label instructions.

First Edition Issued 201005/2013-05 Gypsy Moth Manual TOC-1 Gypsy Moth Manual 

# Contents

Figures LOF-1

Tables LOT-1
Acknowledgments Acknowledgments-1

Introduction 1-1
Detection Survey 2-1
Delimiting Survey 3-1
Other Survey Tools 4-1
Preparing Specimens for Identification 5-1
Regulatory Section Introduction 6-1

Treatments 7-1

Hazardous Sites 8-1
Logs, Posts, Pulpwood, Bark, and Bark Products 9-1
Nursery Stock 10-1

Christmas Trees from Canada 11-1
Qualified Certified Applicators (QCAs) 12-1
Outdoor Household Articles (OHAs) 13-1

Mobile Homes and Associated Items 14-1

Control Section Introduction 15-1
Safety Precautions 16-1Contents

TOC-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 05/2013-05 Planning for Control Activities 17-1
Eradication Using Insecticides 18-1
Eradication Using Mass Trapping 19-1

Transition Area S ection Introduction 20-1

Transition Area Definitions 21-1
Survey Activities 22-1
Transition Area Regulatory Activities 23-1

Criteria for Transfer of Areas 24-1
Asian Gypsy Moth 25-1
Appendix A A-1 Leaflets and Other Materials on the Gypsy Moth A-1
Appendix B B-1 Map of Generally Infested Areas B-1
Appendix C C-1 How to Assemble Traps C-1
Appendix D D-1 GM Data Collection D-1
Appendix E E-1 Compliance Agreements (CAs) E-1
Appendix F F-1 Insecticide Labels and MSDSs F-1
Appendix G G-1 Methods for Gypsy Moth Eradication G-1
Appendix H H-1 Guidelines for Environmental Documents H-1
Appendix I I-1 Public Meetings/Public Relations I-1Contents

05/2013-05 Gypsy Moth Manual TOC-3 Appendix J J-1 Checking and Calibrating Aircraft J-1
Appendix K K-1 Nozzles and Pressures K-1
Appendix L L-1 Procedures for Composting Bark L-1
Appendix M M-1 Accurate Statement M-1
Appendix N N-1 Certificate of Origin N-1
Appendix O O-1 Checklist for Outdoor Household Articles (OHAs) O-1
Appendix P P-1 Qualified Certified Applicator (QCA) Document P-1
Appendix Q Q-1 Emergency Action Notification (EAN) PPQ Form 523 Q-1
Glossary Glossary-1

Index Index-1Contents

TOC-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 05/2013-0507/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual LOF-1 Gypsy Moth Manual 

# Figures

Figure 2-1 Example of Traps Plotted for Detection Survey 2-9 Figure 3-1 Example of Traps Plotted for Delimiting Survey 3-3 Figure 4-1 Example of a Larval Trap on a Host Tree 4-7 Figure 5-1 ARS-748 (Identification Request) 5-3 Figure 5-2 PPQ Form 391 (Specimens for Determination) 5-4 Figure C-1 Example of Step 2 for Assembling Delta Traps C-2 Figure C-2 Example of Step 3 for Assembling Delta Traps C-3 Figure C-3 Example of Step 4 for Assembling Delta Traps C-3 Figure C-4 Example of Step 5 for Assembling Delta Traps C-4 Figure C-5 Example of Step 6 for Assembling Delta Traps C-4 Figure C-6 Example of Step 2 for Assembling Milk Carton Traps C-6 Figure C-7 Example of Step 4 for Assembling Milk Carton Traps C-7 Figure C-8 Example of Step 5 for Assembling Milk Carton Traps C-7 Figure C-9 Example of Step 7 for Assembling Milk Carton Traps C-8 Figure D-1 Gypsy Moth 2013 Detection Survey Template D-2 Figure D-2 Gypsy Moth 2013 Delimiting Survey Template D-4 Figure D-3 Gypsy Moth 2013 Port and Waterway Monitoring Template D-6 Figure D-4 Gypsy Moth Trap Sheet – 2013 Survey D-9 Figure E-1 Sample of PPQ For m 519—Compliance Agreement E-2 Figure H-1 Generic FONSI Form (page 1 of 2) H-10 Figure H-2 Generic FONSI Form (page 2 of 2) H-11 Figure H-3 Completed FONSI (page 1 of 2) H-12 Figure H-4 Completed FONSI (page 2 of 2) H-13 Figure J-1 Diagram of Spray Boom Flow Through Bleed Line to Outer Nozzles J-7 Figure K-1 Diagram of Spray Boom Flow Through Bleed Line to Outermost Nozzles K-2 Figure M-1 Example of Accurate Statement for Logs and Poles M-2 Figure M-2 Example of Accurate Statement for Pulpwood (or Wood Chips) M-3 Figure N-1 Certificate of Origin N-2 Figure P-1 QCA Document P-2 Figure Q-1 Emergency Action Notification (EAN), PPQ Form 523 Q-2Figures

LOF-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0107/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual LOT-1 Gypsy Moth Manual 

# Tables

Table 2-1 Distances for Various Trap Densities 2-8 Table 2-2 Hosts Preferred by All Larval Instars 2-9 Table 2-3 Nonpreferred Hosts 2-9 Table 2-4 Hosts Larvae Avoid 2-10 Table 3-1 Distances for Various Trap Densities 3-3 Table 3-2 Hosts Preferred by All Larval Instars 3-4 Table 3-3 Nonpreferred Hosts 3-4 Table 3-4 Hosts Larvae Avoid 3-4Table 7-1 MB Treatment Schedule at NAP (In chamber or under a tarpaulin) for egg masses of Lymantria dispar (gypsy moth) on such items as outdoor household articl es (OHAs), quarry products, lumber, logs, and timber products 7-2 Table 10-1 MB Treatment Schedule (at NAP) for egg masses of Lymantriadispar (gypsy moth) on deciduous, dormant woody plants (except for broadleaved genera such as Azalea, Berberis, Camellia, Ilex , and Photinia ) 10-4 Table 10-2 MB Treatment Schedule (at NAP) for Egg masses of Lymantria dispar (gypsy moth) on Dorm ant Evergreens (Including Conifers) and Certain Broadleaved Genera such as Azalea , Berberis, Camellia, Ilex , and Photinia 10-4 Table 10-3 MB Treatment Schedule at NAP (Chamber or Tarpaulin) for Egg Masses of Lymantria dispar on Cut Conifer Christmas Trees 10-4 Table 11-1 Cut Christmas Trees or Boughs 11-1 Table 11-2 Cut Christmas Trees or Boughs from Ontario or Quebec 11-1 Table 11-3 Cut PINE Christmas Trees or Branches from Ontario or Quebec 11-2Table 11-4 Cut Christmas Trees or Branches OTHER THAN PINE from Ontario or Quebec 11-3 Table 11-5 Cut Christmas Trees or Branches from British Columbia, New Brunswick, or Nova Scotia 11-3 Table 11-6 Cut PINE Christmas Trees or Branches from British Columbia, New Brunswick, or Nova Scotia 11-4 Table 11-7 Cut Christmas Trees or Branches OTHER THAN PINE from British Columbia, New Brunswick, or Nova Scotia 11-5 Table 11-8 Cut Christmas Trees or Branches from a Province OTHER THAN Ontario, Quebec, British Columbia, New Brunswick, or Nova Scotia 11-5 Table 14-1 Prioritizing Risk from Transported Mobile Homes 14-7 Table 17-1 Responsibility for Eradication Costs 17-3Tables

LOT-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Table 17-2 Characteristics of t he Early Instars of Gypsy Moth 17-6 Table 17-3 Planning Calendar for Gypsy Moth Activities 17-7 Table 19-1 Inter-Trap Distances for Mass Trapping 19-2 Table 19-2 Hosts Preferred by All Larval Instars 19-4 Table 19-3 Hosts of Later Larval Stages 19-4 Table 19-4 Hosts Larvae Avoid 19-4 Table 24-1 Trap Survey and Other Survey Results 24-2 Table E-1 Compliance Agreements E-1 Table F-1 Insecticide Distributors F-3 Table G-1 Application Rates of Foray® 48B and Foray® 48F G-12 Table G-2 Application Rates of Foray® 76B G-12 Table G-3 Application Rates of Thuricide® 48LV G-14 Table G-4 Application Rates of Thuricide® 76LV G-14 Table J-1 Swath Width for Airplane J-3 Table J-2 Swath Width for Helicopters J-4 Table J-3 Acres Covered Per Minute J-402/2013-03 Gypsy Moth Program Manual Acknowledgments-1 Gypsy Moth

Program 

# Acknowledgments

Cover photograph: cour tesy of Susan EllisAcknowledgments

Acknowledgments-2 Gypsy Moth Program Manual 02/2013-0304/2013-04 Gypsy Moth Manual 1-1 Chapter



# 1 Introduction

Contents Purpose of the Gypsy Moth (GM) Program Manual 1-1 Damage Caused by the Gypsy Moth 1-2 Background on the Gypsy Moth 1-2 Cooperation in the Gypsy Moth Program 1-3 Dispersal of the Gypsy Moth 1-3 Potential Damage from the Gypsy Moth 1-3 Scope of the Gypsy Moth Program Manual 1-4 Sections 1-4 Appendixes 1-4 Users of the Gypsy Moth Program Manual 1-5 Related Documents 1-5 How to Use This Manual 1-6 Conventions 1-7 Reporting Problems 1-7 Maintenance of the Manual 1-8 Knowing What is Revised 1-8 Preventative Safety Measures 1-8 Safety Reminders When Trapping 1-8 Vehicle Safety Reminders 1-9


### Purpose of the Gypsy Moth (GM) Program Manual APHIS–PPQ (Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service–Plant Protection and Quarantine) is involved in the G ypsy Moth Program for the following
reasons:  To detect isolated infestat ions at low population levels  To eradicate isolated infestat ions on State and private lands  To prevent the artificial spread of gypsy moth to noninfested areas

NOTICE
See Glossary on page Glossary-1 for definitions of terms su ch as artificial spread, and for abbreviations such as APHIS or PPQIntroduction Damage Caused by the Gypsy Moth

1-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 04/2013-04 The Gypsy Moth Program Manual is: 1) a source of information on the gypsy moth; and 2) a reference for methods and procedures for survey, regulatory, and control activities



### Damage Caused by the Gypsy Moth Gypsy moth is one of the most destructiv e pests of shade, fruit, and ornamental trees as well as hardwood forests. In the period of 1980 to 1989, the gypsy moth defoliated close to one million or more forested acres each year. ( See Leaflets and Other Materials on the Gypsy Moth on page A-1 )
Besides being a pest of trees, gypsy mo th larvae are a nuisance to people.  Larvae of the gypsy moth excrete digest ed leaf material while feeding in the tree canopy. For this reason, peopl e will avoid the use of wooded parks and yards during the larval season  When disease kills the larvae, the dying larvae produce foul odors  The nuisances caused by the gypsy moth hinder the ability of people to enjoy the outdoors, whether in th eir yards or at wooded parks  When gypsy moth populations are de nse, larvae become hyperactive during the day. Heavily infested ar eas teem with larvae on trees, telephone poles, vehicles , fences, houses, clothe slines, and above-ground swimming pools. People avoid going outdoors because of stepping on caterpillars crawling on side walks and in play areas.



### Background on the Gypsy Moth Accidentally introduced into the United States in 1869 in Medford, Massachusetts, the pest spread rapi dly throughout New England. Within the period of 1869 to 1890, the gypsy moth quickly developed into a serious problem in Massachusetts. The damage caused by gypsy moth was one of the key reasons Congress passed th e Plant Quarantine Act of 1912.

The State of Massachusetts allotted m oney for eradication and then cut funding in 1900 when gypsy moth was almost er adicated. Had State funding continued, the gypsy moth problem might have been eradicated within State boundaries.
The gypsy moth is now wi dely established. See Appendix B for a Map of Generally Infested Areas , or Areas Quarantined in the United States for Gypsy Moth for county-by-county listings.Introduction Cooperation in the Gypsy Moth Program

04/2013-04 Gypsy Moth Manual 1-3 Research development and implementati on of survey, regulatory, and control programs have made the gypsy moth one of the most studied insects in the field of pest management.



### Cooperation in the Gypsy Moth Program Since the end of the last century, Federa l, State, and local government agencies have worked cooperatively to c ontrol gypsy moth populations (by containment, suppression, or eradi cation, alone or in combination). Cooperative programs will continue to be the focus of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA).



### Dispersal of the Gypsy Moth The most effective means of spreading gypsy moth in the last 10 to 15 years has been through the movement of Outdoor Household Articles (OHAs). (Around the turn of the century, wagon s were the predominate means for transporting gypsy moth.) Today, 85 perc ent of new infestations have been through the movement of OHAs.
With the current mobility of our popul ation, the sprawling suburbanization of once-forested areas, and the insidious natu re of the pest, the job of preventing the establishment of isolated infestations by artificial spread is a difficult one. To contain the gypsy moth, an effective job will require the following: 1) public education on the problem; 2) publ ic support in preventing gypsy moth movement; and 3) early detection and er adication of isolat ed infestations.
Despite all efforts, the gypsy moth has persisted and continues to extend its range. The gypsy moth is the only forest in sect that is under Federal Domestic Quarantine ( 7 CFR 301.45 ).



### Potential Damage from the Gypsy Moth Potentially, all temperate hardwood growi ng areas of North Am erica are at risk from attack by the gypsy moth. Despite al l attempts to prevent its movement, the gypsy moth has been quite successf ul in increasing its range along the leading edge of the quarantine area.Introduction Scope of the Gypsy Moth Program Manual

1-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 04/2013-04 

### Scope of the Gypsy Moth Program Manual The manual is divided into nine sections:

1. Introduction 2. Surveys 3. Regulatory 4. Control 5. Transition Area 6. Asian Gypsy Moth 7. Appendixes 8. Glossary 9. Index 

### Sections The major divisions of the Gypsy Moth Program Manualare sections. Note that some of the sections are further divided into subsections.
All nine sections are tabbed. If large, th e sections have a table of contents. Usually, each large section will contai n an “Overview” and other subsections. Methods and procedures will be in the subsections. The “Overview” is a broad, general description of what is covered in the secti on. The subsections cover the rationale of a particular activity as well as the “how to” (procedures and material) necessary for performing task s associated with each activity. 

### Appendixes The appendixes contain information di rectly associated with gypsy moth activities. They provide useful, supplemental information adding to the thoroughness provided by the manual.
The Appendixes are as follows.  Appendix A— Leaflets and Other Materials on the Gypsy Moth  Appendix B— Map of Generally Infested Areas  Appendix C— How to Assemble Traps  Appendix D— GM Data Collection  Appendix E— Compliance Agreements (CAs)  Appendix F— Insecticide Labels and MSDSs  Appendix G— Methods for Gypsy Moth EradicationIntroduction Users of the Gypsy Moth Program Manual

04/2013-04 Gypsy Moth Manual 1-5  Appendix H— Guidelines for Environmental Documents  Appendix I— Public Meetings/Public Relations  Appendix J— Checking and Calibrating Aircraft  Appendix K— Nozzles and Pressures  Appendix L— Procedures for Composting Bark  Appendix M— Accurate Statement  Appendix N— Certificate of Origin  Appendix O— Checklist for Outdoor Ho usehold Articles (OHAs)  Appendix P— Qualified Certified Applicator (QCA) Document  Appendix Q— Emergency Action Notification (EAN) PPQ Form 523



### Users of the Gypsy Moth Program Manual This manual will serve both as a field manual for employees performing program activities and as a reference fo r program managers and staff officers. Primary users of this manual will be Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ) officers, staff officers, and State and Federal cooperators who are involved in carrying out the Gypsy Moth Pr ogram on a day-to-day basis.
Secondary users of the manual are Federa l, State, county, and local regulatory officials, private industry, and part-t ime employees temporarily assigned to program activities.



### Related Documents The following documents are related to the Gypsy Moth Program.
 Aerial Application Manual  APHIS Safety and Health Manual No. 203 , dated May 27, 1983  Appalachian Integrated Pest Management FEIS 1989  Gypsy Moth Suppression and Eradicat ion Projects—Final Environmental Impact Statement as Supplemented - 1985  Code of Federal Regulations (7 CFR 301.45)  “Don't Move Gypsy Moth” (Program Aid 1329)  Environmental Assessments  Gypsy Moth Proposal: Redirection of the Gypsy Moth Program and Attachment A—National Survey Plan for Gypsy MothIntroduction How to Use This Manual

1-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 04/2013-04  Insecticide Labels and Labelling  Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)  National memorandums of understanding (MOUs)  State laws that allow access to private property  State memorandums of understanding (MOUs)  USDA Departmental Regulation No, 4400-1, Departmental Occupational Safety and Health Management, dated January 6, 1983

 USDA Departmental Regulation No. 4400-2, Hazard Communication Programs, dated October 14, 1986  USDA Departmental Regulati on No. 5023-1, Chemical Hazard Communication, dated October 10, 1986  USDA Hazard Communication, A Guid e for Federal Agencies, August 1987  Wildlife and Fisheries Regulations (Endangered Species Act)



### How to Use This Manual Look over the lists just give n to get a feel for the sc ope and organization of the manual. Remember that the manual is di vided into Sections and then further subdivided into subsections. Glance over the Appendixes to be familiar with their contents.
With a hard-copy manual, access the info rmation about a par ticular activity by looking behind the appropriate tabs for th e Table of Contents for the section (e.g., information on the Detection Surv ey Subsection is behind the Survey Tab).
With an online manual, access the inform ation about a particular activity by selecting the hypertext link (the keywor d in blue) and double-clicking on the link. NOTICE Under Animal and Plant Health Inspection Se rvice (APHIS) policy, only certified pest control operators may use or supervise the application of insecticides used in regulatory and control activitiesIntroduction Conventions

04/2013-04 Gypsy Moth Manual 1-7 

### Conventions The major conventions used in this manual follow.

An example, when used, will appear in a box as follows.



### Reporting Problems If you disagree with the guidelines or pol icies contained in this manual and the problem is urgent, contact Dome stic and Emergency Operations.
Domestic and Emergency Operations, Unit 134 4700 River Road Riverdale, MD 20737 Tel: (301) 851-2112 Fax: (301) 734-8724

DANGER 

### ! This is a DANGER table. Indicates that people can easily be hurt or killed.



### ! WARNING
This is a WARNING table. Indicates that people could possibly be hurt or killed



### ! CAUTION This is a CAUTION table. Indicates that people could possibly be endangered and slightly hurt

NOTICE This is a NOTICE table. Indicates a po ssibly dangerous situation, goods might be damaged

EXAMPLE Examples are graphically placed in boxes within text as a means of visually separating this informatio n from other information contained on the page.Introduction Maintenance of the Manual

1-8 Gypsy Moth Manual 04/2013-04 If you disagree with the guidelines or pol icies and the problem is not urgent, contact Domestic and Emergency Oper ations through the proper channels.



### Maintenance of the Manual The most up-to-date version of the Manua l will always be available online at the PPQ Manuals Unit Web site. The PP Q Manuals Unit issues announcements for immediate manual updates via em ail. These will be numbered consecutively—allowing you to know if you have missed something.
The email is distributed to all PPQ employees and the email transmittal contains the following information:  Hyperlink to the Manuals Unit Web site to download the entire manual  List of the revised pages (and/or tables) by number and purpose of the revision(s) 

### Knowing What is Revised Except for changes to the Index, revisi ons will be marked with change bars (black boxes) in the left margin of the changed page.



### Preventative Safety Measures Safety measures involving personnel, th e public, and the use of equipment are the responsibility of all persons working on the Gypsy Moth Program. Supervisors must advise employees of sa fety and health regulations and notify employees of known hazardous conditions. Employees must comply with all safety and health regulat ions. When necessary, wear protective equipment and report hazardous situations to your supervisor. Contact your supervisor immediately when an accident or personal injury has occurred. 

### Safety Reminders When Trapping  Avoid contact with poisonous plants  Beware of aggressive animals (e.g., do gs, bulls, etc.) near the trap site  Carry plenty of drinking water  If trapping in an area where Lyme disease is comm on, wear protective clothing against deer tic ks. Inspect yourself and clothing after servicing traps in a deer tick area. Preventa tive measures are the usual way of avoiding Lyme disease. Contact your local public health officials for other preventative measures to take.Introduction Preventative Safety Measures

04/2013-04 Gypsy Moth Manual 1-9  In areas with poisonous snakes, wear snake leggings and carry a snake bite kit  Respect resident’s property  Use gates for entering propertie s, watch for electric fences  Wear proper clothing (long pant s, sturdy shoes or boots). 

### Vehicle Safety Reminders  Always use your seat belts  Carry sufficient repair tools (jack and lug wrench) and safety equipment (flares and first aid kit)  Carry wooden blocks to block your tires when parking on a steep slope  Check the condition of the vehicle before starting daily activities  Check to see that passage is cl ear before backing up the vehicle  Drive slowly when roads are unfam iliar, winding, narrow, or unpaved  Keep your vehicle free of de bris and unsecured items  Obey the posted speed limits. DO NOT SPEED  Select a safe parking place for the ve hicle while servicing traps or when leaving the vehicle  Tell your supervisor immediately whenever you are involved in an accidentIntroduction Preventative Safety Measures

1-10 Gypsy Moth Manual 04/2013-0401/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 2-1 Chapter 

# 2 Detection Survey

Contents Introduction 2-1 Materials Needed for a Detection Survey 2-2 Planning the Detection Survey 2-2 Conducting the Detection Survey 2-7 Survey Records and Maps 2-14 Records 2-14 Maps 2-14 Revising Quarantine Maps 2-15



### Introduction The purpose of a detection survey is to determine by trapping: 1) where isolated infestations of gypsy moth o ccur; and 2) where further delimiting surveys are required. Well-managed de tection surveys will find isolated infestations of gypsy moths as soon as possible after introduction; small infestations of gypsy moth ar e less expensive and easier to eradicate than large infestations.
Due to differences in habitat, host availability, and the movement of Regulated Articles on page 6-1 from infested areas, not all ar eas within a State have the same potential for becoming infested. The risk of potential introduction will determine the areas in which a detecti on survey is needed. High-risk areas should include areas recei ving Regulated Articles and containing preferred host trees. Before conducting the detection su rvey, the first task is to categorize areas within the State in regard to infestation risk.
The months in which a detection survey will start and end will depend on the climatic conditions in the area. Generally, detection surveys are started in late spring and continue until early autumn. Because pheromone traps in host trees are used in the typical detection su rvey, only male gypsy moths are trapped. Male moths emerge earlier than female moths. The male-attracting lure has no competition until the female moths emerge approximately one week later than the males. Therefore, the timing of the trap survey is critical; to be fully effective, traps must be in pla ce before the female moths emerge.
Depending on seasonal weather conditions, male emergence will vary in an area by up to 10 days.Detection Survey Materials Needed for a Detection Survey

2-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06 

### Materials Needed for a Detection Survey The following is a list of materials ne eded to conduct a detection survey (you may not need all items listed).
 Colored pencils for mapping moth finds  County or city road maps  Delta Traps  Disparlure (sex attractant for traps)  First aid kit  Grid overlay, calipers, or ruler  PPQ Form 343 (Trapping Record) or local form  Completing PPQ Form 391, Specimens for Determination on page 5-4  Trap record sheets  Small backpack  Snake leggings  Staples, staple gun, roofing nails, ha mmer, string—where owners will not allow nails (for hanging traps)  Surveyor’s flagging ribbon (marking tape), crayon, or marker for marking trap locations  Tick repellent



### Planning the Detection Survey The steps involved in planning a detection survey follow.
Step 1: Categorize Areas Within a State (per the National Survey Plan) Use the criteria that follow to determ ine the total number of square miles in each category per county. The categor ies will determine the density and frequency of trapping in a particular area.

The following pages contain the detailedcriteria for determining categories. NOTICE The National Survey Plan is a minimal survey which will de tect infestat ions before expansive land areas have to be treated. PP Q will fund this plan up to 50 percent based on available funding. Trapping de nsities can be increased with additional cooperator funding (on page 2-3).Detection Survey Planning the Detection Survey

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 2-3 Category 1—Areas having high potential for introduction of gypsy moth (people and/or Regulated Articles moving from infested areas into noninfested areas); the area must have a suitable habitat (host trees) to support a gypsy moth population Category 1 areas include the following:  Affluent residential areas  Cities with military ba ses or major universities  Residential areas with high amount of relocations  Wooded, suburban residential areas

For Category 1, the trapping densit y and frequency are as follows:

Category 2—Areas having moderate potential for introduction of gypsy moth; the area has a suitable habitat (host trees) to support a gypsy moth infestation Category 2 areas include the following:  Areas with moderate populati ons such as small cities  Contiguous wooded areas that are accessible to people  Large, urban areas with limited habitat

For Category 2, the trapping densit y and frequency are as follows:

Category 3—Areas with a low risk of introduction and a suitable habitat to support an infestation Category 3 areas include the following: EXAMPLE Counties surrounding large metropolitan areas such as Chicago, San Francisco, Louisville, Atla nta, Raleigh, and Portland

Trapping density: One trap per square miles Trapping frequency: Every two years

EXAMPLE Blue Ridge areas of Virginia, West Virginia, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Georgia. Ozark areas of Missouri and Arkansas

Trapping density: One trap every four sq uare miles (0.25 traps per sq. mi.) Trapping frequency: Every two yearsDetection Survey Planning the Detection Survey

2-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06  Noncontiguous wooded areas  Rural agricultural areas with widely scattered small towns

For Category 3, the trapping densit y and frequency are as follows:

Category 4—Areas with a lack of habitat or potential for introduction

For Category 4, the trapping densit y and frequency are as follows:

Category S (Special Site)-Sites where infestations are most likely to be artificially introduced

These are sites with a hist ory of receiving Regulated Articles from Quarantine Areas and are also exposed to movement of infested vehicles (e.g., mobile homes, recreational vehicles ) from Quarantine Areas.
Category S areas include the following:  Campgrounds  Mobile home parks  Nurseries  Saw mills and veneer mills  State and Federal parks  Tourist attractions EXAMPLE The corn belt areas of Iowa , Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio

Trapping density: One trap every four sq uare miles (0.25 traps per sq. mi.) Trapping frequency: Every four years

EXAMPLE Great Plains grassland/wheat areas, semiarid high desert areas, and dry desert areas

Trapping density: None of these areas should be trapped Trapping frequency: NADetection Survey Planning the Detection Survey

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 2-5 For Category S, the trapping densit y and frequency are as follows:

Plan to trap for gypsy moth in all categories except Category 4.
Step 2: Determine Trapping Requirements When determining trapping requirements, consider the frequency for trapping an area and the last time the area was tr apped. If an area must be trapped every two years and the area was trapped last year, do not trap the area in the current year. Step 3: Determine Survey Needs (Personnel and Supplies) The following formulas will determin e trap needs and personnel for survey activities:
Step 3a: Formula For Determining Trap Needs Number of square miles in a category multiplied by nu mber of trap s per square mile (trap density). Divide the total by the trapping frequency (in years) to get the number of traps required per year.

For a Category 1 area which is 250 sq. mi. and trapped every two years, 125 traps are needed.

Trapping density: Random set (no more than four traps per site or per square mile) Trapping frequency: Every two years

# sq. mi. x trap density (# traps per sq. mi.) trapping frequency in years = total no. of traps required

EXAMPLE Figure trap needs for Category 1 which is 250 sq. mi. in total area.

250 sq. mi. x 1 (# traps per sq. mi.) 2 (trapping frequency) = 250 2 = 125 trapsDetection Survey Planning the Detection Survey

2-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06 Step 3b: Formula For Determining Personnel Needs Divide the trap total by th e number of traps a trap tender can service under the conditions experienced in a specific Stat e. For detection surveys, a national average is 400 traps per trap tender. In mountainous areas, because of the terrain, the average falls to 250 traps per trap tender. (For delimiting surveys, the average is 750 traps per trap tender; for transition zone surveys, the average is 600 traps per trap tender.)

Step 4: Prepare a Trapping Budget After determining the needed traps a nd trap tenders, prepare a trapping budget.
Budget for the following expenses (adj ust for inflation, e.g., pay and mileage increases):  Transportation costs for trap tender  Trap tenders’ hours  Trap and lure costs  Other materials (staples, stap lers, nails, hammers, maps)
If the criteria of the National Survey Pl an (guidelines covered in this manual) are followed, APHIS pays half the cost of the survey; the State pays the remaining half. trap total (= total number of traps) # of traps a trap tender can service = total trap tenders required

EXAMPLE Figure how many trap tenders to hire for the season when conducting a detection survey that requires 1,200 traps.

1,2000 traps (traps requiring service) 400 (# of traps a trap tender can service) = total no. of traps required

EXAMPLE You’re going to hire six trap tenders to service 2,550 traps and you need to determine costs. Using the above assumptions in figuring costs, calculate salary, mileage, traps, and a total.

Salary : 440 hours/person x 6 trap tenders x $6 = $15, 840.00 Mileage : 7,000 miles x 6 trap tenders x $0.321⁄2 = $13,650.00 Traps : 2,550 traps x $0.80 = $2,040.00
Total $31,530.00Detection Survey Conducting the Detection Survey

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 2-7 Therefore, APHIS pays $15,765 toward th e survey cost while the State pays the remaining $15,765 ($31,530 divided by 2).
If the State cannot contribute its half, PPQ will still pay half of the cost of the survey at National Survey Plan levels . In the preceding example, the State should pay $14,190—its half of the cost. But if the State could only contribute $7,000 (roughly one-quarter of the cost), APHIS woul d still pay $14,190. As a result, the total funding toward th e survey is only $21,190 (roughly threequarters of the total cost). So, the densit y or survey traps or the frequency of trapping must be cut by one-quarter unless funds can be found elsewhere.
Trapping cannot exceed the level of funding.

If the State wants to increase tra pping density or frequency beyond the National Survey Plan, the State must bear the additional costs above its 50 percent.



### Conducting the Detection Survey Here is an overview of the steps i nvolved in conducting a detection survey:
Step 1: Plot Trap Locations on a Map Plot trap locations well in advance of the survey season (late winter/early spring). Overlay a uniform grid on a ma p and mark the grid points. Using a grid to plot trap locations is importa nt for ensuring proper trap distribution. Plotting the trap locations on planned grids allows fo r results comparison from location to location. Randomly placed traps are effective only when trapping special sites (Category S—campgrounds , tourist attractions, rest stops, recreational areas).
When plotting trap locations on the map, consider the scale of the map and the trapping density required (e.g., Category 1 re quires one trap per square mile, so plot a trap every square mile).
Devise a system to ensure proper trap distribution. Use a grid, a ruler, or calipers to plot trap locations on a map. Following the squa re mile blocks on most county or city maps is also a good system.
The scale on a county map is appr opriate for the detection survey.Detection Survey Conducting the Detection Survey

2-8 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06 Table 2-1 shows distances for various trap densities.

Once you have plotted trap locations on the map, number the traps. Number each trap consecutively w ithin a county. Mark the trap number clearly on the map. Table 2-1 Distances for Various Trap Densities

Traps per Square Mile Distance Between Traps (In feet)
0.25 10,560 1.00 5,280Detection Survey Conducting the Detection Survey

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 2-9 Figure 2-1 shows traps plotted for a detection survey.

Step 2: Select Sites for Placing Traps Using the map with the tra pping sites plotted, select individual trap sites as close to the plot location as possible. Try to place all traps on preferred hosts. Host trees are grouped according to gyps y moth preference and are as follows: Figure 2-1 Example of Traps Plotted for Detection Survey

Table 2-2 Hosts Preferred by All Larval Instars

 Apple  Aspen  Basswood  Birch (except yellow and black)  Boxelder  Larch  Linden  Mountain ash  Oaks (all types)  Speckled alder  Sweet gum  Willow
Table 2-3 Nonpreferred Hosts

 Beech  Blueberry  Chestnut  Hemlock  Locust  Maple  Pine  SpruceDetection Survey Conducting the Detection Survey

2-10 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06 Step 3: Set Traps and Mark Location Step 3a: Setting Traps The timing for setting traps is critical. Set traps before male moths emerge. One way to gauge the date by which all tr aps must be set is to determine the earliest date “native” moths were caught in previous years.
Remove lure from its package one week before use in the field. Lures exposed to air before field use are mo re effective in trapping moths.

The approximate trap locations are already marked on a map. Use discretion in selecting the exact lo cation of the traps. Many factors determine where to set a trap in a given area. General Rules for Setting Traps Consider the following general rules when setting traps.
1. Male moths usually foll ow woodland edges and line s of tree growth. Moths do not frequent open areas where there are no trees or shrubs. 2. If available, woodland edges are the be st sites for trap placement. Traps are most effective when placed at or ne ar a woodland corner. If there is a choice, place the trap on the windward si de so the prevailing wind currents will carry the scent (phe romone) into the woods. 3. If there are no woodlands or reside ntial sites within a reasonable distance (500 to 1,000 feet) from the plotted map location, then the best location for a trap is at the end of a hedge ro w or tree leading to a wooded area. 4. Place traps four to five feet high (or eye level if less than five feet) on tree trunks because most flight occurs near ground level. In areas frequented by small children or cattle, pl ace the trap out of thei r sight and reach. Because of vandalism and pilferage, trap pl acement is especially important when trapping Category S areas (such as recreational parks, campgrounds, and tourist attractions). Table 2-4 Hosts Larvae Avoid

 Arborvitae  Ash  Azalea  Balsam fir  Butternut  Cedar  Dogwood  Elder  Currant  Grape  Holly  Honeysuckle  Horsechestnut  Juniper  Poison ivy  Red cedar  Sycamore  Tulip poplar  Yellow poplar

NOTICE Directions for assembling traps are in How to Assemble Traps on page C-1

.Detection Survey Conducting the Detection Survey

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 2-11 5. If possible, place traps in shady areas. Do not set the trap where foliage or branches will block the trap openings. 6. Complete trap record including a sk etch showing specific trap location. 7. Avoid setting traps on or in the following situations. A. Close to gravel road (place trap at least 50 feet away) B. Properties that are for sale C. Parks or open areas where people can easily see the traps D. Properties with aggressive dogs E. Private property without the owner’s permission F. School properties or along pa ssageways where students walk G. Sites that cannot be accurately described H. Sites where farm animals ma y damage or destroy traps I. Sites where road construction is scheduled or in progress J. Sites within locked gates K. Sites obscured by tree branches L. Trees having poison ivy vines M. Trees marked for cutting or removal
The distance between traps de pends on the selected trap density and the extent of favored host trees available. Place the traps in a uniform array on choice hosts or in a preferred habitat. Step 3b: Marking Trap Locations Mark trap locations to expe dite trap tending as well as supervision. Use plastic flagging ribbon or marking crayon. To ma rk a trap locati on, tie a piece of flagging ribbon to a telephone pole, tree trunk, or other suitable object at the roadside. The ribbon should be visible from the road when approaching from either side. Mark trap location only wh en necessary because it might lead others to the trap causing vandalism.
Brightly colored plastic tape (fluores cent orange) has proven to be the best flagging ribbon. The marking crayon must be sufficiently soft to mark wet trees. Place a small piece of flagging ribbon near the trap.

In urban areas where streets are name d and houses are numbered, use the house address for locating traps. Do not mark trap location with ribbons or marking crayons in urban areas. Also, use restra int in marking roadside rest areas, picnic areas, tourist attr actions, and other high-use areas where the ribbon will detract from the site’s appearance.Detection Survey Conducting the Detection Survey

2-12 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06 Step 4: Check the Traps Check each trap at least once during the trapping season; however, more frequent trap checking is preferred. Unde r ideal conditions, tr ap checking will start when the male moths start flying. Trap checking two weeks after the initial flight of the male moths is also desirable. Where vandalism is likely, check the traps more often.
Plan your trap-checking route before leavi ng the office. Select a route that will eliminate overlapping travel.
When checking traps, have a supply of replacement trap s to replace all vandalized and missing trap s. When replacing a trap, number the replacement trap with the same number as the origin al trap with an additional indicator (such as the letter “R,” e.g., 416-R) high lighting that it is a replacement trap.
Take the lure from its package one week before use and expose to air.
When checking traps, do the following. 1. Check overall trap condition a nd replace badly damaged traps. 2. When trap contains a suspect moth, remove the trap wi thout disturbing the specimen. Note on the trap record sheet the date and exact location of recovery and inform the supervisor. 3. Record the trap inspection by noting th e date on the trap and the PPQ Form 343 (Trapping Record) or local trap record sheet. 4. Write the following information on the trap: Trap numbers, county, trapper’s initials, date trap set, and each date the trap is checked.
Check the traps by opening one triangle end. Look into the trap to see if there are any male moths. If a suspect male is present, remove and replace the trap. Always use lure that has been aired for one week. Step 5: Submit Gypsy Moth Suspects

Submit the trap with the suspect moth to your supervisor or designated identifier. Record on the bottom of the trap the date, time, results, and any pertinent observation or action taken.

Record the date and all circumstances about the catch of suspect moths on the trap record sheet. Accurate informati on is essential to the trapping program.

NOTICE MANAGERS: To roughly delimit small infestations, be ready to move rapidly to add or move traps as needed when gypsy moths are found. ( See Interpret Survey Results on page 2-13 )Detection Survey Conducting the Detection Survey

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 2-13 Complete the form each time you check the trap and find a gypsy moth. The data you report is as importa nt as the trap placement. Step 6: Remove Traps At the end of the trapping season rem ove all traps set and examine each for gypsy moths. Carefully look fo r missing traps. If a tr ap number cannot be read, rewrite the number on th e bottom of the trap.
When removing the trap, remove all other materials (string, nails, lures, staples, wire) used in trapping. Also , remove all flagging tape. Give all traps removed to the person in charge of the survey. For each trap containing a suspect moth, provide the following information: location (State, county, town); trap number; trap tender’s name or identification number; date; and host tree name. Open traps on final check because moths can be missed when just looking through the trap ends. Flatten empty, used traps and dispose of by burning in an incinerator or by burying at a sanitary landfill. Be sure to destroy the lures with the traps. Step 7: Report Survey Results See GM Data Collection on page D-1 for instructions on reporting survey data into the Integrated Plant Health In formation System (IPHIS)

. Do not report into IPHIS until you have all the data collected and summarized by county. IPHIS reports will summarize survey results by county.
Step 8: Complete Survey Maps Record all positive trap catches on the survey field map. Survey maps with positive and negative finds are used for postseason review and decision making. Moth catch patterns will help when planning delimiting surveys in the next trapping season. At the end of the season, make permanent maps by transferring information from the field maps. Be neat, clear, and accurate when transferring information. It is very important that surv ey results are accurately placed on the map.
Step 9: Interpret Survey Results If you found gypsy moth during your survey, interpret the survey results. Trap catches of gypsy moth may warrant conduct ing a delimiting survey in the next year. The decision to delimit in the following year is subject to local interpretation based on the following factors.  Available resources  Host vegetation  Number trapped in current year  Number trapped in previous year  Potential for artificial dispersalDetection Survey Survey Records and Maps

2-14 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06 To help with the decision to delimit, increase trapping density to 16 traps per square mile in the immediate vicinity of a positive trap if enough time remains in the flight period a nd if resources permit.

For criteria and methods on delimiting, consult Delimiting Survey on page 3-1

.


### Survey Records and Maps To document the detection survey, accurate and complete survey records and maps must be maintained.


### Records Maintain a record of all trap locati ons including any descriptive information needed to help locate traps (trap site map or PPQ Form 353). Include information such as date set, date insp ected, and date removed, as well as trap catches. Record this inform ation on a trap record sheet.
Keep a separate record of any egg-mass surveys conducted. Use local guidelines for proper record maintenance.
In developing local guidelines for survey records, determine what information is needed and the most efficient manner for recording each item.
Record all positive trap findings and verify trap locations on the map.
Record trapping data throughout the season, as frequently as possible, into the IPHIS database, with all da ta entered by November 1 for planning purposes for the following year. See GM Data Collection on page D-1 for instructions on reporting into IPHIS. 

### Maps For detection surveys, county or city ma ps are satisfactory. The trap pattern will determine what map scale to use.
Consecutively number every trap loca tion within each county. The type, number, and distribution of maps wi ll vary according to local needs.
Prepare trap maps before the trapping season (the preferred method) using a grid system to assure proper trap distribution. Use a gri d, calipers, a ruler, or an overlay to plot trap location. When you use the grid system of plotting trap locations before field placement, adjust trap locations in the field. Make corrections on all maps to show the actual trap locations.Detection Survey Survey Records and Maps

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 2-15 When adding traps to positive trap site s, number the additional traps with the same number as the supplemented trap with a letter added. E.g., if trap 25 is supplemented, the first additional trap would be 25a, the second 25b, and so
on. Staple or glue a map legend to each survey map to indicate the program starting date, completion date, name of trapper, and any other pertinent information.
When using maps for postseason decisi on making, show both negative and positive trap catches on the map. When de termining the pattern of trap catches and establishing treatment boundaries, th e negative traps are very important. 

### Revising Quarantine Maps Revise quarantine maps annually on a sc hedule coordinated with revisions of the quarantine area. Use a State map wi th counties outlined to show proposed revisions to the quarantine map.
Communicate quarantine revision info rmation through ch annels to the Regional Office.
Regional Offices should submit proposed revisions of the maps to Program Support in Riverdale, Maryland.Detection Survey Survey Records and Maps

2-16 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-0601/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 3-1 Chapter 

# 3 Delimiting Survey

Contents Introduction 3-1 Important Features of the Delimiting Survey 3-1 Materials Needed for Conducting a Delimiting Survey 3-2 Steps for Conducting a Delimiting Survey 3-2 Records and Maps 3-8 Records 3-8 Maps 3-9 Revising Quarantine Maps 3-9



### Introduction The delimiting survey will determine: 1) the presence or absence of an infestation; and 2) the approximate size of an infestation, if present. When a single trap (or several loos ely associated traps) catch multiple moths, conduct a delimiting survey. The delimiting survey will usually be done in the following year.



### Important Features of the Delimiting Survey The standard delimiting survey trap arra y is 16 traps per square mile. Special circumstances, such as the presence of sensitive areas or habitats containing endangered species, may require a trap ar ray of more than 16 traps per square mile.
Trapping is at 16 to 36 traps per square mile out to the next negative trap.
The positive trap (or positive traps) will be at the center of the trap array. The survey results from the detection survey will supply information for positioning the trap array.

When conducted after an eradication ef fort, a delimiting survey is called a posttreatment survey. Use the delimiting survey or mass trapping survey instructions for conducting a posttreatment survey.Delimiting Survey Materials Needed for Conducting a Delimiting Survey

3-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06 

### Materials Needed for Con ducting a Delimiting Survey  Colored pencils for mapping moth finds  County or city road maps  Delta Traps  Disparlure (sex attractant for traps)  First aid kit  Grid overlay, calipers, or ruler  PPQ Form 343 (Trapping Record) or local form  ARS-748 (Identification Request) on page 5-3 or PPQ Form 391 (Specimens for Determination) on page 5-4  Small backpack  Snake leggings  Staples, staple gun, roofing nails, ha mmer, string—where owners will not allow nails (for hanging traps)  Surveyor's flagging ribbon (marking tape ), crayon, or marker for marking trap locations  Tick repellent  Trap record sheets
You may not need all items listed.



### Steps for Conducting a Delimiting Survey Step 1: Plot Trap Locations on a Map Examine the map from the previous y ear’s detection survey showing all positive traps. When plotting trap locati ons on a new map, cons ider the scale of the map and the required trapping density (i.e., 16 to 36 traps per square mile). Center the grid on the suspect infestati on. Generally, 1 to 4 square miles of delimiting will be sufficient or a 1⁄2- to 1-mile boundary (dependent on trapping category in use in the area of detection). If the suspect ar ea is spread out, it will be necessary to trap a larger area.
Plot trap locations well in advance of the survey season (late winter/early spring). Plotting the traps on planned grid s allows for results comparison from location to location. Do not place traps randomly in the field.Delimiting Survey Steps for Conducting a Delimiting Survey

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 3-3 If the map does not have a grid, plot tr ap locations using a ruler or calipers. Following the square mile blocks on mo st county maps is also a good system.
The scale on a topographic or similar la rge-scale map is appropriate for the delimiting survey.
The following table shows distan ces for various trap densities. Table 3-1 Distances for Various Trap Densities

Traps per Square Mile Distance Between Traps (in feet)
16 1,320 25 1,056 36 880

Figure 3-1 Example of Traps Plotted for Delimiting SurveyDelimiting Survey Steps for Conducting a Delimiting Survey

3-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06 Once trap locations are plotted on th e map, number the traps. Number each trap consecutively within a county. Ma rk the trap number clearly on the map. Step 2: Select Sites for Placing Traps Using the map with the tra pping sites plotted, select individual trap sites as close to the plot locations as possible. Try to place all traps on preferred hosts. Host trees are grouped according to gyps y moth preference and are as follows:

Step 3: Set Traps and Mark Locations Step 3a: Setting Traps The timing for setting traps is critical. Set traps before male moths emerge. One way to gauge the date by which all tr aps must be set is to determine the earliest date “native” moths were caught in previous years
Remove lure from package one week befo re use in the field. Lures exposed to air before field use are more effective in trapping moths. Table 3-2 Hosts Preferred by All Larval Instars

 Apple  Aspen  Basswood  Birch (except yellow and black)  Box elder  Larch  Linden  Mountain ash  Oaks (all types)  Speckled aider  Sweet gum  Williow

Table 3-3 Nonpreferred Hosts

 Beech  • Blueberry  Chestnut  Hemlock  • Locust  • Maple  Pine  • Spruce

Table 3-4 Hosts Larvae Avoid

 Arborvitae  Ash  Azalea  Balsam fir  Butternut  Cedar  Dogwood  Elder  Currant  Grape  Holly  Honeysuckle  Horsechestnut  Juniper  Poison Ivy  Red cedar  Sycamore  Tulip poplar  Yellow poplarDelimiting Survey Steps for Conducting a Delimiting Survey

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 3-5 The approximate trap locations are alre ady marked on a map. Use discretion in selecting the exact location of the traps. Many factors determ ine where to set a trap in a given area. General Rules For Setting Traps 1. Male moths usually foll ow woodland edges and line s of tree growth. Moths do not frequent open areas where there are no trees or shrubs. 2. If available, woodland edges are the be st sites for trap placement. Traps are most effective when placed at or ne ar a woodland corner. If there is a choice, place the trap on the windward si de so the prevailing wind currents will carry the scent (phe romone) into the woods. 3. If there are no woodlands or residen tial sites within a reasonable distance (500 to 1,000 feet) from the plotted locat ion, the best location for a trap is at the end of a hedge row or tree line leading to a wooded area. 4. Place traps four to five feet high (or eye level if less than five feet) on tree trunks because most flight occurs near ground level. In areas frequented by small children or cattle, place the trap out of their sight and reach. Because of vandalism and pilferage, trap pl acement is especially important when trapping Category S areas (such as recreational parks, campgrounds, and tourist attractions). 5. If possible, place traps in shady areas. Do not set the trap where foliage or branches will block the trap openings. 6. Complete trap record including a sk etch showing specific trap location. 7. Avoid setting traps on or in the following situations. A. Close to gravel road (place trap at least 50 feet away) B. Properties that are for sale C. Parks or open areas where people can easily see the traps D. Properties with aggressive dogs E. Private property without the owner’s permission F. School properties or along pa ssageways where students walk G. Sites that cannot be accurately described H. Sites where farm animals ma y damage or destroy traps I. Sites where road construction is scheduled or in progress J. Sites within locked gates K. Sites obscured by tree branches L. Trees having poison ivy vines M. Trees marked for cutting or removalDelimiting Survey Steps for Conducting a Delimiting Survey

3-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06 The distance between traps depends on the selected trap density. If possible, place the traps on preferred hosts or in a preferred habitat; however, never disrupt the required trap array. Step 3b: Marking Trap Locations Marked trap locations will aid both trap tenders and supervisors. To mark a trap location, use plastic flagging ribbon (or marking crayon). Tie a piece of flagging ribbon to a telephone pole, tree trunk, or other suitable object at the roadside. The flagging ribbon should be visible from the road when approaching from either side. Mark trap locations only when necessary because marked traps are prone to vandalism.
Brightly colored plastic tape (fluores cent orange) has proven to be the best flagging ribbon. The marking crayon must be sufficiently soft to mark wet trees. Place a small piece of flagging ribbon near the trap.

In urban areas where stre ets are named and houses are numbered, use the house address for locating traps. Do not mark trap location with ribbons or marking crayons in urban areas. Also, use restra int in marking roadside rest areas, picnic areas, tourist attr actions, and other high-use areas where the ribbon will detract from the site’s appearance. Step 4: Check the Traps After setting all traps, check them on a regular schedule ever y 10 to 14 days, if possible. If a regular schedule is not possi ble, check each trap site at least once during the trapping season. Ch eck traps more frequently when determining the timing of male emergence ( pupae to adult) and when th e risk of infestation or vandalism is likely.
Plan your trap-checking route before leavi ng the office. Select a route that will eliminate overlapping travel.
When checking traps, have a supply of replacement trap s to replace all vandalized and missing trap s. If you replace a trap, number the replacement trap with the same number as the origin al trap, with an additional indicator (such as the letter “R,” e.g., 416-R) high lighting that it is a replacement trap. Remember to take the lure from the package and expose to air one week before
use. When checking traps, do the following.
1. Check overall trap condition a nd replace badly damaged traps. 2. Check the traps by opening one triangle end. Look into the trap to see if there are any male moths.Delimiting Survey Steps for Conducting a Delimiting Survey

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 3-7 3. When a trap contains a suspect mot h, remove the trap without disturbing the specimen. Note on the trap record sheet the date and exact location of recovery and inform the supervisor. 4. Record the trap inspection by noting th e date on the trap and the PPQ Form 343 (Trapping Record) or local trap record sheet.

Step 5: Submit Gypsy Moth Suspects Submit the trap with the suspect moth to your supervisor or designated identifier. Record on the bottom of the trap the date, time, results, and any pertinent observation or action taken.

Record the date and all circumstances about the catch of suspect moths on the trap record sheet. Accurate informati on is essential to the trapping program. Complete the form each time you check the trap and find a gypsy moth. The data reported is as important as the trap placement. Remember, positive finds may result in the area being de clared as gypsy moth infested. Step 6: Remove Traps At the end of the trapping season, re move all traps and examine for gypsy moths. Carefully look for missing traps. If a trap number cannot be read, rewrite the number on th e bottom of the trap.
When removing the trap, remove all ot her materials (string, nails, staples, wire) used in trapping. Also, remove al l flagging tape. Give all traps removed to the person in charge of the survey. For each trap containing a suspect moth, provide the following information: locati on (State, county, town); trap number; trap tender’s name or identification number; date; and host tree, if known. Open traps on final check because moths can be missed when just looking NOTICE MANAGERS: To delimit small infestations pr ecisely, be ready to move rapidly to add or move traps as needed when gypsy moths are found.Delimiting Survey Records and Maps

3-8 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06 through the trap ends. Flatten empty, used traps and dispose of by burning in an incinerator or by burying at a sanitary landfill. Step 7: Report Survey Results See Appendix D for instructions on reporting survey data into IPHIS. Do not report into IPHIS until you have all th e data collected and summarized by county. IPHIS reports will su mmarize survey results by county.
Step 8: Complete Survey Maps Record all positive trap catches on the survey field map. Survey maps with positive and negative finds are used for postseason review and decision making. At the end of the season, make permanent maps by transferring information from the field maps. Be neat, clear, and accurate when transferring information. It is very important that survey results are accurately placed on the map.
Step 9: Interpret Survey Results If the traps do not find gypsy moth duri ng the delimiting survey, assume there is no detectable infestation in the ar ea delimited. If the traps have positive finds, exclude the boundary traps cont aining single moths so the remaining traps delimit the probable boundaries of the infestatio n. Generally, traps containing the highest densities of gyp sy moths reveal the center of the infestation.
Inform cooperators and supervisors (suc h as the Senior PPQ Officer, the State Plant Health Director (SPHD), or th e Regional Program Manager) of the infestation. Begin to plan for an eradication effort.



### Records and Maps Records Maintain a record of all trap locati ons including any descriptive information needed to help locate traps; use a tr ap site map or PPQ Form 353. Maintain information such as date set, date in spected, and date re moved; maintain a record of trap catches. Record this information on a trap record sheet.
Keep a separate record of any egg-mass surveys conducted. Use local guidelines for proper record maintenance.
In developing local guidelines for survey records, determine what information is needed and the most efficient manner for recording each item.
Record all positive trap findings a nd verify trap location on the map.Delimiting Survey Records and Maps

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 3-9 Record trapping data throughout the season, as frequently as possible, into the IPHIS database, with all da ta entered by November 1 for planning purposes for the following year. See Appendix D for instructions on preparing data for IPHIS. 

### Maps For planning, conducting, and recording a delimiting survey, a topographic map from the U.S. Geological Survey wi th a scale of 1:24,000 is satisfactory. On a city map, the scale should be at l east two inches per mile. A recent map showing forested areas and new constructi on is preferable. Maps of a different scale may be used.
Consecutively number every trap loca tion within each county. The type, number, and distribution of maps wi ll vary according to local needs.
Prepare trap maps before the trapping season (the preferred method) using a grid system to assure proper trap distribution. Use a gri d, calipers, a ruler, or an overlay to plot trap location. When you use the grid system of plotting trap locations before field placement, adjust trap locations in the field. Make corrections on all maps to show the actual trap locations.
When adding traps to positive trap site s, number the additional traps with the same number as the supplemented trap with a letter added. E.g., if trap 25 is supplemented, the first additional trap would be 25a, the second 25b, and so on. When traps are set in r ecommended grid densities, there is usually no need for supplemental traps.
Staple or glue a map legend to each survey map to indicate the program starting date, completion date, name of trapper, and any other pertinent information.
When using maps for postseason decisi on making, show both negative and positive trap catches on the map. When de termining the pattern of trap catches and establishing treatment boundaries, th e negative traps are very important. 

### Revising Quarantine Maps Revise quarantine maps annually on a sc hedule coordinated with revisions of the quarantine area. Use a State map wi th counties outlined to show proposed revisions to the quarantine map.
Communicate quarantine revision info rmation through ch annels to the Regional Office.
Regional Offices should submit proposed revisions of the maps to PPQ Program Support in Riverdale, Maryland.Delimiting Survey Records and Maps

3-10 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-0607/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 4-1 Chapter 

# 4 Other Survey Tools

Contents Introduction 4-1 Egg-Mass Survey 4-1 Purpose of Egg-Mass Surveys 4-1 When to Survey 4-2 Where to Survey 4-2 How to Survey 4-3 Basic Procedures for Egg-Mass Surveys 4-3 Egg-Mass Surveys Using Targeted Vi sual Surveys (Transects) 4-3 Egg-Mass Surveys Usi ng Small Plots 4-4 Egg-Mass Surveys Using General Observation Technique 4-5 Egg-Mass Surveys For Regulatory Purposes 4-5 Larval Trapping Survey 4-6 Purpose 4-6 How to Trap Larvae 4-7



### Introduction This section contains information on survey methods that do not use pheromone traps. Specifically, this subsection covers procedures for two survey methods:
 Egg-mass surveys  Larval trapping surveys
Egg-mass surveys and larval trapping su rveys are often done to supplement an adult trapping survey and confirm th at reproducing populations are present.



### Egg-Mass Survey Purpose of Egg-Mass Surveys Egg-mass surveys are done for several reasons.
 To confirm an infestation by providi ng convincing evidence (egg masses) that reproduction has occurredOther Survey Tools Egg-Mass Survey

4-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01  To determine the population level in a specific area so the status may be changed (e.g., noninfested to Transition Area; Transition Area to generally infested Regulated Area)  To determine the population level near a high-risk site so the correct control and/or regulatory actions can be applied 

### When to Survey The best time to conduct an egg-mass su rvey is after leaf drop; however, eggmass surveys can be done anytime after the females have finished depositing eggs. A preliminary survey may help to determine if the females are present and laying eggs; the buff egg masses and the white female moths are easy to see on tree trunks and branches. 

### Where to Survey Egg-mass surveys, which involve the c ounting of egg masses, are useful in areas with moderate or high infestation levels.
Egg-mass surveys are particularly desi rable when: 1) egg masses are the only life stage present; 2) survey results ar e needed immediately, as for treatment decisions; and/or 3) populations ar e high enough to make the effort worthwhile.
Usually, egg-mass surveys will not detect low-level populations with reliability; therefore, egg-mass surveys are of limited value in areas with lowlevel populations. (Larval trap ping is a better survey me thod in areas with light levels of infestation.)
Egg-mass surveys in the following areas are most likely to detect infestations.  Areas adjacent to and downwi nd from known infested areas  Areas close to known infested areas, particularly those areas where traps catch numerous moths  Areas downstream from known infested areas  Areas, such as Federal and State parks, used by recreational vehicles  Areas where contacts suspect possi ble introduction because of observed defoliation, sightings of female s, or some other indicator  Areas where establishments receive Regulated Articles  Areas where numerous household moves occur  Areas with preferred hostsOther Survey Tools Basic Procedures for Egg-Mass Surveys

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 4-3 

### How to Survey A well-established infestation may exis t even though few, if any, egg masses are easily seen. Therefore, surveyors mu st know the characteristics of the egg masses and the preferre d egg-laying sites.
Leaflets and Other Materials on the Gypsy Moth on page A-1 has information on the characteristics of the egg masses.
Preferred egg-laying sites ar e in the following locations:  In bark cavities, under loose bark, and in bark crevices  On branches on the ground or on th e underside of any type of ground litter, such as tin cans  On logs—including firewood  On Outdoor Household Ar ticles (OHAs), such as birdhouses and picnic tables  On signs  On stone walls and in the crevices of stone walls  On the underside of rocks not tight to the ground  On tree trunks in sheltered spots, such as under limbs  Under the siding and eaves of buildings
In fact, egg masses may be found anywhere near trees in ar eas with preferred hosts.
Larval skins and pupal cases may be found even when egg masses are not.



### Basic Procedures for Egg-Mass Surveys The following sections discuss the th ree basic procedures for egg-mass surveys. 1. Egg-Mass Surveys Using Target ed Visual Surveys (Transects) 2. Egg-Mass Surveys Using Small Plots 3. Egg-Mass Surveys Using Ge neral Observation Technique 

### Egg-Mass Surveys Using Targeted Visual Surveys (Transects) Egg-mass surveys for regulatory purposes are usually targeted visual surveys.Other Survey Tools Basic Procedures for Egg-Mass Surveys

4-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Targeted Visual Surveys (transects) examine an area of 50 feet by 20 feet, 10 feet on either side of a 50- foot centerline. Th e total area examined is 1,000 ft2, roughly equivalent to the 1,089 ft2 in th e 1/40 of a acre plots in the next technique.
Before the egg-mass survey, do the following: 1. Know how to identify and locate the egg masses. 2. Select the sites where gyps y moth egg masses are most likely to be (use the criteria on the previous page). 3. Inform others of your intended survey area.
Procedure for the targeted visual surve y—at each survey site, do the following: 1. Select an object, such as a tree or rock, 50 feet away. 2. Walk slowly toward the selected obj ect, scanning 10 feet to each side, in front, and overhead. Examine all pr eferred egg-laying sites. ( How to Survey on page 4-3 ) 3. Count all observed egg masses. 4. Record all critical information, su ch as number of egg masses, site, method, and date of survey. 

### Egg-Mass Surveys Using Small Plots Before the egg-mass survey, do the following:
1. Know how to identify and locate the egg masses. 2. Plan to place plots at the sites where gypsy moth egg masses are most likely to be. (Use the criteria from Where to Survey on page 4-2 ) Plots must be at least 300 feet apart. If circular, the pl ots will have a radius of 18.6 feet; therefore, they will be 1/40 of a acre (1,089 ft 2 ). 3. Prepare a stake which will be driven into the center of the circular plot; this stake will have a radius-marking li ne of 18.6 feet attached. With its attached line stretched, this stake wi ll help locate points within, on, and outside the circumference of each plot. (If four addi tional stakes are placed, equidistant, on the circumference, thes e stakes, along with the center stake, will form quadrants.) 4. Inform others of your intended survey area.
Procedure for the small-plot egg-mass survey—at each survey site, do the following: 1. Place the stake in the center of the plot.Other Survey Tools Basic Procedures for Egg-Mass Surveys

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 4-5 2. Use the attached line to establis h the circumference of the plot (or boundary of the quadrants). 3. Examine the plot (or quadrant). St art on a known radius and work around the circle. Scan in front, to the side s, and overhead. Exam ine all preferred egg-laying sites (See How to Survey on page 4-3 .) 4. Count all observed egg masses. 5. Record all critical information, su ch as number of egg masses, site, method, and date of survey. 

### Egg-Mass Surveys Using Ge neral Observation Technique Before the egg-mass survey, do the following:
1. Know how to identify and locate the egg masses. 2. Select a positive trap (or select an area suspected of being infested) as a starting point. 3. Arrange to have additional help to speed the survey. 4. Inform others of your intended survey area.
Procedure for the general observation t echnique—at each survey site, do the following: 1. Start at the positive trap (or within the area suspected of being infested). 2. Examine transit lines placed on the ma in compass points (north, northeast, east, southeast, south, southwest, west, and northwest). Examine all preferred egg-laying sites (See How to Survey on page 4-3 ) out to a distance of 0.5 miles. 3. Count all observed egg masses. 4. Record all critical information, su ch as number of egg masses, site, method, and date of survey.
No more than two days should be spent at any one site unless unusual circumstances warrant a longer evaluation time. 

### Egg-Mass Surveys For Regulatory Purposes Typically eggs-mass surveys for re gulatory purposes ar e done in areas surrounding establishments handling Regul ated Articles. These surveys allow the environs of the establishments to be examined.
The following environs are of particular interest:  Areas in and around campgrounds  Forest edges near Chri stmas tree plantations  Forest edges near millsOther Survey Tools Larval Trapping Survey

4-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01  Forest edges near nurseries
Each egg-mass survey for regulatory purposes will provide information to guide quarantine decisions for the es tablishment handling the Regulated Articles. Typical quarantine d ecisions involve the following:  Is gypsy moth present in the e nvirons of the establishment?  If gypsy moth is present, do the envir ons of the establishment need to be treated?
Before the survey, know what egg mass es look like and where to find them.
To assess population levels at each survey site, use the Egg-Mass Surveys Using Targeted Visual Surveys (Transects) on page 4-3 to survey for egg masses. Walk in areas with pr eferred host trees, if possible. Procedure for the Survey for Regulatory Purposes 1. Begin the survey in areas that are of importance (forest edges, campgrounds, campground edges). 2. Select an object transecting an area with preferred hosts. 3. Walk slowly toward the selected object, scanning in front, to the sides, and overhead. Examine all prefer red egg-laying sites (See How to Survey on page 4-3 ). 4. Count all observed new egg masses. 5. Record all critical information, su ch as number of egg masses, site, method, and date of survey. 6. Repeat above steps as needed in the environs of the establishment. 7. Determine the appropriate regulatory action.



### Larval Trapping Survey Purpose Larval trapping has the following uses:
 To assess gypsy moth larval development  To contribute to research (contribut ions to research are not funded by PPQ)  To determine the presence or ab sence of a reproducing population  To determine where and when to a pply control methods (chemical or behavioral methods for eradication)Other Survey Tools Larval Trapping Survey

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 4-7  To evaluate treatments
If desired, use larval trapping along with or in place of egg-mass surveys to determine an area to be treated.
Larval trapping takes advant age of that later instars seeking hiding places. The larval trap offers an artificia l hiding place for the larvae ( Figure 4-1 on page 4-7 ).



### How to Trap Larvae Place traps by stapling (or tying) at ches t height the upper corners of pieces of tar paper or burlap to host trees to form a skirt. The burlap or tar paper should be at least nine inches wide and long enough to go ar ound the trunk of the tree. Ensure the burlap or tar paper complete ly encircles the tree trunk, but remains loose fitting. If white oak is presen t, use this tree for larval trapping.
Place the larval traps on the trunk of a tree shortly before egg hatch is predicted. Figure 4-1 Example of a Larval Trap on a Host TreeOther Survey Tools Larval Trapping Survey

4-8 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 After larvae emerge, check under the burla p or tar paper for larvae and pupae. Larval traps should be checked two or three times a week. Larvae should be collected, identified, counted , and recorded by tree site.
For best results, check during daylight hours (preferably be tween 10 a.m. and 3 p.m.) on hot, sunny days.
The larval traps should also be checke d after the larval period because the larvae often pupate under the c overing of the larval trap.07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 5-1 Chapter 

# 5 Preparing Specimens for Identification

Contents Introduction 5-1 Mailing Instructions for Specimens 5-1 Materials Needed 5-1 Adults from Traps 5-2 All Other Life Stages 5-2 Completing PPQ Form 391, Specimens for Determination 5-4 Distributing the PPQ Form 391 5-5



### Introduction This section contains instructions for preparing and sending gypsy moth specimens.



### Mailing Instructions for Specimens Materials Needed To preserve, record, and distribute sp ecimens, have the fo llowing materials readily available:
 Approved killing agents  ARS-748 (Identification Request) on page 5-3 or PPQ Form 391 (Specimens for Determination) on page 5-4  Pill boxes  Shipping boxes or mailing tubes (envelopes)  Vials for instars in ethyl alcohol NOTICE If no one in a work station has authority to identify gypsy moth, the specimens must be sent to the Area Iden tifier for confirmation.Preparing Specimens for Identification Mailing Instructions for Specimens

5-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Adults from Traps Use the following procedure when a susp ected gypsy moth is found in a delta or a milk-carton trap.
1. Remove the whole trap without disturbing the moth. 2. Disassemble the trap and cut out the trap section containing the suspected gypsy moth. 3. Place the cut-out trap section in a pill box. 4. Send the pill box and a completed PPQ Form 391 (Specimens for Determination) to the appropriate Area Identifier.
As an alternative, replace the trap; send the assembled trap with the specimen and a completed ARS-748 (Identification Request) on page 5-3 or PPQ Form 391 (Specimens for Determination) on page 5-4 to the appropriate Area Identifier. 

### All Other Life Stages 1. If the larvae are to be sent, boil the la rvae in water before placing them in 70 percent ethyl alcohol. If pupae or egg masses ar e to be sent, place directly in 70 percent et hyl alcohol without boiling. 2. Using a soft lead pe ncil, write the collection number on bond paper and place the marked paper in the vial with the specimen. 3. Send each vial containing specimens with a completed PPQ Form 391 (Specimens for Determination) on page 5-4 or ARS-748 (Identification Request) on page 5-3 to the Area Identifier.Preparing Specimens for Identification Mailing Instructions for Specimens

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 5-3 Figure 5-1 ARS-748 (Identification Request)Preparing Specimens for Identification Completing PPQ Form 391, Specimens for Determination

5-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Completing PPQ Form 391, Specimens for Determination Information on how to complete each block follows.

Block 1 —Fill in a unique identification number beginning with the last two digits of the year, followed by the collect or’s initial, followed by the collector’s number.
For example, 08-JD-001
(last two digits of 2008, collector John Doe, collector number 001).

Blocks 2-14 —Fill in as appropriate. Figure 5-2 PPQ Form 391 (Specimens for Determination)Preparing Specimens for Identification Distributing the PPQ Form 391

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 5-5 Block 15 —Indicate number of specimens subm itted and their condition when collected (alive or dead) under th e appropriate life stage heading.

Block 16 —Enter any of the following: pherom one trap, larval trap, or visual search.

Block 17 —If sampling involved trapping, list the specific type of trap and lure used, e.g., Delta Trap, Disparlure.

Block 18 —Fill in.

Blocks 19-21 —Leave blank.
Block 22—Fill in the type of survey conducted: detection, delimiting, eggmass, larval Trapping. Also, if this sp ecimen is a New County Record or a New State Record, write the word “U RGENT” and handle as directed in M390.516.

Block 23 —Enter tentative identification for gypsy moth: Lymantria dispar

. Block 24 —Leave blank.



### Distributing the PPQ Form 391 Distribute the PPQ Form 391 as follows:
1. Send the original and four copies w ith the sample to the Area Identifier. 2. Retain the yellow copy in the files of the work station.Preparing Specimens for Identification Distributing the PPQ Form 391

5-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0101/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 6-1 Chapter 

# 6 Regulatory Section Introduction

Contents Purpose of Regulator y Activities 6-1 Regulatory Methods 6-1 Regulated Articles 6-1 Regulatory Factors 6-2 Movement from Hazardous Sites 6-2 Numbers of Regulated Articles Shipped 6-2 Personnel Available 6-2 Documentation 6-3 Public Relations 6-3 Review of Subsections 6-4


### Purpose of Regulatory Activities The purpose of regulatory activities is to prevent the artificial spread (spread caused by human activity) of the gyps y moth from quarantine areas to noninfested areas. See Areas Quarantined in the Un ited States for Gypsy Moth for county-by-county listings.



### Regulatory Methods Preventing the artificial spread of gypsy moth is accomplished by inspecting and treating, if necessary, Regulated Ar ticles (defined below). Regulated Articles may be infested by any life stage of the gypsy moth—egg masses, larvae, pupae, and/or adult. 

### Regulated Articles The following regulated articles re quire inspection a nd certification:
 Christmas trees  Logs, posts, pulpwood, bark, and bark products  Mobile homes and associated itemsRegulatory Sect ion Introduction Regulatory Methods

6-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06  Nursery stock  Outdoor Household Articles (OHAs)
Through inspection and treatment of Regulated Articles, the risk of transporting gypsy moth to noni nfested areas is minimized. 

### Regulatory Factors Regulatory factors will vary depending on the following:
 Documentation required  Movement of Regulated Arti cles from hazardous sites  Personnel available for inspections  Public relations activities  Treatments available for the Regulated Articles  Types of Regulated Articles and quantity in the shipment 

### Movement from Hazardous Sites The movement of Regulated Articles fr om hazardous sites (sites where gypsy moth is present either on the Regulated Arti cles or in the vici nity) is a high-risk activity. Nevertheless, an establishment may move Regulated Articles from a hazardous site, if the establis hment meets certain conditions. 

### Numbers of Regulated Articles Shipped The quantity of Regulated Articles to be shipped will affect regulatory activities. If establishments regularly ship large quantities of Regulated Articles outside the quarantine area, th e establishments must operate under a Compliance Agreement (CA). If establis hments infrequently ship Regulated Articles from a quarantine area, PPQ a nd/or State personnel will inspect and certify individual shipments. Therefore, this section provides information on CAs by referring to Compliance Agreements (CAs) on page E-1 which contains sample CAs for various establishments.


### Personnel Available The personnel available will affect regul atory activities. Because of limited PPQ resources, the following individuals, if authorize d, may inspect, treat, and certify Regulated Articles:
 Employees of establishments under CAs  PPQ officers  Private citizens  Qualified Certified Applicators (QCAs)  State personnel (State plant regulatory personnel)Regulatory Section Introduction Public Relations

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 6-3 PPQ officers will still inspect Regulated Articles, especially those shipped by individuals and those shipped infrequent ly. However, many inspections will be done by: 1) State personnel ; 2) private citizens insp ecting OHAs; 3) employees of establishments operating under CAs; and 4) QCAs, pesticide applicators certified to inspect OHAs and mobile homes.
All inspectors—whether PPQ officers, St ate personnel, QCAs, or employees of establishments under CAs—must follow the instructions in this manual to permit the movement of Regulated Articles. 

### Documentation The movement of Regulated Articles fr om a quarantine area into or through a noninfested area will require documentation by one of the following:
 PPQ Form 527 (Sticky Back Ce rtificate) (for nursery stock)  PPQ Form 530 (Limited Permit)  PPQ Form 540 (Certificate)  Qualified Certified Applicator (QCA) Document on page P-1  Rubber Stamp Certificat e (for nursery stock)  Self-Inspection Checklist, from “It’s the Law: Before Moving, Check for the Gypsy Moth,” Program Aid No. 2147 (for OHAs)  Signed Accurate Statement on page M-1 (for logs, pulpwood, and wood chips)



### Public Relations Public and industry compliance with th e gypsy moth regulations is based on: 1) awareness of the existence of th e regulations; 2) knowledge about the contents of the regulations; and 3) vol untary cooperation with the regulations.
To have a successful regul atory program, PPQ officers, State personnel, and/or other cooperators must inform the publ ic and industry of: 1) the gypsy moth regulations; and 2) ways to comply with the gypsy moth regulations. PPQ officers, State personnel, and other coope rators will provide the public with information on the gypsy moth regulations through the following:  Contact with the media—radi o, television, and newspapers  Distribution of other information, such as a map illustrating the European Gypsy Moth ( Lymantria dispar ) North America quarantine  Publication distribution, such as “It’s the Law: Before Moving, Check for the Gypsy Moth,” Program Aid No. 2147  Personal contact with establishm ents handling Regulated ArticlesRegulatory Sect ion Introduction Review of Subsections

6-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06 Contact with establishments must c over all potential m eans for moving gypsy moth. The following are some, but not all, of the establishments that must be contacted:  Campgrounds  Christmas tree plantations  Independent loggers  Logging and pulpwood companies  Lumber mills  Mobile home parks  Moving companies and independent movers  Nurseries  Nursery stock brokers  Truck and trailer rental companies



### Review of Subsections The following subsections in this ma nual will help to explain regulatory procedures to cooperators, priv ate industry, and the public. See Appendix D for information about recording compliance agreements and compliance inspections in IPHIS.
 Contents on page 7-1  Pesticide certification  Safety  Treatments for egg masses  Treatments for larvae  Hazardous Sites on page 8-1  Hazardous site s definition  Movement of Regulated Articles from hazardous sites  Inspection of hazardous sites  Inspection results  Treatment of hazardous site  Documentation  Logs, Posts, Pulpwood, Bark, and Bark Products on page 9-1  Lists of commercial productsRegulatory Section Introduction Review of Subsections

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 6-5  Operation under compliance agreements (CAs)  Inspection procedures for logs  “Laid out” method of inspection  Time of inspection  Shipment under CAs  Receiving mills under CAs  Inspection procedures for pulpwood and bark  Treatments  Hazardous site classification  Documentation  Signed “Accurate Statement”  Nursery Stock on page 10-1  Purpose of nursery stock section  Operation under compliance agreements  Procedures for small lots  Procedures for large lots  Nurseries and Christmas tree farms as hazardous sites  Spray treatments for large lots  Fumigation for large lots  Christmas Trees from Canadaon page 11-1  Qualified Certified Applicators (QCAs) on page 12-1  Definition of QCAs  Qualifications of QCAs  Training of QCAs  Authorization under compli ance agreements (CAs)  Substandard performance  Outdoor Household Articles (OHAs) on page 13-1  Definition of Outdoor H ousehold Articles (OHAs)  Monitoring the shipment of OHAs  Self-Inspection by homeowners or renters  Inspection by QCAs under compliance agreements (CAs)  Preinspection procedure  Inspection procedureRegulatory Sect ion Introduction Review of Subsections

6-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06  Treatments  Documentation for the OHA inspections  Mobile Homes and Associated Items on page 14-1  Regulation and mobile homes  Preparation for the regulation of mobile homes  Preinspection procedure  Safety and inspections  Inspection procedure  Treatments  Documents for mobile home inspections  Use of the documents for mobile home inspections07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 7-1 Chapter 

# 7 Treatments

Contents Pesticide Certification 7-1 Safety 7-1 Treatments for Egg Masses 7-2 Fumigation 7-2 Physical Removal After Spraying 7-2 Physical Removal (Only on OHAs) 7-3 Treatments for Larvae 7-3 Ground Treatments for Larvae 7-3 Aerial Treatments for Larvae 7-3 When to Treat Larvae 7-3



### Pesticide Certification It is PPQ policy that all PPQ officers and QCAs who apply pesticides must be certified as pesticide applicators. In addition to all the treatments in the Gypsy Moth Program Manual , all PPQ officers must be familiar with the following.
 Aerial Application Manual  PPQ Treatment Manual  Standard Pesticide Users Guide (Bert L. Bohmont)
Only the treatments listed in this manual and the PPQ Treatment Manual are to be used for regulatory treatments.



### Safety All pesticides must be handled safely. Sa fety precautions are on the labels for the pesticides. Additional information on the safe handling of pesticides is in the Introduction on page 1-1 and the Control Section Introduction on page 15-1

. Insecticide Labels and MSDSs on page F-1 is of particular importance because all cautions and appl ication information stated on the labels and in the MSDSs are incorporated into this manual by reference. Methods for Gypsy Moth Eradication on page G-1 is also of particular importance.Treatments Treatments for Egg Masses

7-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Treatments for Egg Masses Approved treatments for gypsy moth egg masses are as follows:
 Fumigation  Physical removal after spraying  Physical removal (only on OHAs) 

### Fumigation Methyl bromide (MB) fumigation is a pproved for use on egg masses. Fumigate only when temperatures are above 40 °F. See the PPQ Treatment Manual for procedural instructions on conducting MB fumigations.

Refer to PPQ Treatment Manual for a list of the materials needed for a MB fumigation.
Nursery Stock on page 10-1 contains the Treatmen t Schedules for nursery stock and cut Christmas trees. Methyl Bromide (MB) at NAP (Chamber or Tarpaulin)

Apply Golden Natur’l Spray Oil to an egg mass, using: 1) a sprayer with an adjustable nozzle; 2) a paint brush; or 3) a similar brush. Thoroughly saturate the egg masses to the point of runoff so the egg mass is “s oaked.” The Golden Natur’l Spray Oil will penetrate rapidl y destroying even the innermost eggs. 

### Physical Removal After Spraying After applying Golden Natur’l Spray Oil to an egg mass, remove the egg mass by using a wire brush or pain t scraper. Be sure to vigorously brush or scrape all of the egg mass from the surface. Table 7-1 MB Treatment Schedule at NAP (In ch amber or under a tarpaulin) for egg masses of Lymantria dispar (gypsy moth) on such items as outdoor household articles (OHAs), quarry products, lumber, logs, and timber products

Temperature Dosage Rate (lb/1000 ft 3 ) Minimum Concentration Readings (oz.) At:
0.5 hr 4 hrs 8 hrs 12 hrs 16 hrs 50°F or above 3.5 lbs 2.25 lbs 28 2.5 lbs 30 20 14 2 lbs 24 16 12 12 10 40-49°F 4.5 lbs 54 36 3.25 lbs 38 26 18 2.25 lbs 30 20 14 14 12Treatments Treatments for Larvae

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 7-3 Golden Natur’l Spray Oil is available from Stoller Enterprises, Inc. Stoller Enterprises, Inc. 8582 Katy Freeway Houston, TX 77024 (713) 464-5580 

### Physical Removal (Only on OHAs) Use a wire brush or paint scraper to re move an egg mass from an OHA. Be sure to brush or scrape vigorously to remove all of the egg mass; however, do not brush or scrape so vigorous ly that the OHA is damaged.



### Treatments for Larvae Ground Treatments for Larvae Ground treatments for gypsy moth larvae can be applied by: 1) mist blower; or 2) hydraulic sprayer.

See Insecticide Labels and MSDSs on page F-1 for information on insecticide treatments from the ground. 

### Aerial Treatments for Larvae See the following appendixes for in formation on aerial application of insecticides:
 Insecticide Labels and MSDSs on page F-1  Methods for Gypsy Moth Eradication on page G-1  Guidelines for Environmental Documents on page H-1  Public Meetings/Public Relations on page I-1  Checking and Calibrating Aircraft on page J-1  Nozzles and Pressures on page K-1 

### When to Treat Larvae Apply the insecticide after general egg hatch is completed in the area.
Apply the insecticide when first, second, and third instar larvae are present. Proper timing of the appli cation is essential. Insecticide effectiveness is reduced when the larvae are beyond the thir d instar. The normal larval period isTreatments Treatments for Larvae

7-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 from about April 15 to June 15—a few days earlier in southern sections of the quarantine area and a few days la ter in more northern sections. NOTICE When nursery stock is to be moved, apply the insecticide as instructed on previous page and, if possible, immediately before movement.07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 8-1 Chapter



# 8 Hazardous Sites

Contents Hazardous Site Definition 8-1 Movement of Regulated Articles from Hazardous Sites 8-1 Inspection of Hazardous Sites 8-2 Time of Inspection 8-2 Method of Inspection 8-2 Inspection Results 8-2 Treatment of Hazardous Sites 8-3 When to Treat 8-3 Treating the Hazardous Site 8-3 Documentation 8-4



### Hazardous Site Definition A hazardous site is a site where the gypsy moth is present on the premises, on Regulated Articles , and/or in the surrounding area. Hazardous sites are likely to provide a pathway for artific ial spread to noninfested areas.
Hazardous sites include, but are not limited to, the following sites from which regulated articles are moved.  Christmas tree plantations  Log, pulpwood, and wood chip mi lls and associated yards  Logging sites  Military bases (due to in fested vehicles and cargo)  Mobile home parks  Nurseries  Recreational areas



### Movement of Regulated Articles from Hazardous Sites PPQ officers or State personnel will usually inspect hazardous sites under compliance agreements (CAs). Typi cal CAs for hazardous sites are in Compliance Agreements (CAs) on page E-1

.Hazardous Sites Inspection of Hazardous Sites

8-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Regulated Articles can be moved from a hazardous site under a CA without inspection of individual shipments wh en either of the following occur: 1. The hazardous site is inspected and found NOT to be a potential pathway for the artificial spread of the gyps y moth (no gypsy moth infestations found); or 2. The hazardous site is in spected and found to be a potential pathway for the artificial spread of the gypsy moth (an infestation found), and treated with an approved insecticide to eliminate the risk.
Inspection and treatment are discussed in detail in the following section.



### Inspection of Hazardous Sites Time of Inspection Inspections occur after leaf fall, b ecause egg masses are no longer hidden by the leaves.
Inspections often occur during and after blow-in (usually the months of April through June) to detect larvae.
For regulatory purposes, inspections can occur anytime during the shipping
season. To determine if multiple inspections are necessary, inspectors will rely on their knowledge of:(1) current population dens ities in the immediate area; 2) previous history of the ha zardous site; and 3) the resu lts of a current inspection of the hazardous site. 

### Method of Inspection When inspecting hazardous sites, inspec t the premises, all Regulated Articles, and all preferred hosts in the surr ounding area for signs of gypsy moth.



### Inspection Results Inspectors will use their judgment and th e following criteria to determine if conditions favor the artifici al spread of gypsy moth.
1. One egg mass (or more) found on the Regu lated Articles or within 3 meters (10 feet) of the articles. 2. Twelve or more egg masses per he ctare (5 per acre) are found within approximately 30 meters (100 feet) of the articles.Hazardous Sites Treatment of Hazardous Sites

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 8-3 3. Heavy larval infestations found with in 1,600 meters (1 mile) which could result in infestation through blow-in or larval migration into the site.
When any of the above conditions (or si milar threatening conditions) exist, a PPQ officer can issue an Emergency Action Notification (EAN) PPQ Form 523 on page Q-1 . The EAN will state the requi red action(s) that must be performed to allow shipment. See the PPQ Treatment Manual for more information on the EAN.



### Treatment of Hazardous Sites Insecticide applications to hazardous site s may be either: 1) aerial applications; or 2) ground applications by hydrau lic sprayers or mist blowers.
Aerial applications are usually pref erred to ground appl ications. Aerial applications give better insecticidal coverage to the forest canopy and surrounding areas. Aerial applications are us ually used to treat in or near the following hazardous sites: recreational areas; mills; nurseries; and Christmas tree plantations.
Ground application using a hydraulic sp rayer is the preferred method for treating mobile home parks or isolated areas in nurseries. 

### When to Treat Apply the insecticide when general egg hatch is completed in the area. Make applications when first, second, and th ird instar larvae are present. Proper timing of the treatment is essential. Pest icide effectiveness is reduced when the larvae are beyond the third instar. Insec ticide application fo r larvae is most effective from about May 1 to June 15—a few weeks earlier in southern sections of the quarantine area. Best resu lts are obtained if application can be delayed until general foliag e of preferred hosts is one –third to one–half grown. If possible, apply treatments immediat ely before movement of Regulated Articles. 

### Treating the Hazardous Site Treat the infested portion of the hazardous site. Treat the surrounding area to a depth equal to the effective range of the spray equipment in use. A minimum depth of 70 feet will usually suffice to keep migrating late instar larvae from reinfesting the site. If reinfestation doe s occur, additional treatments will be necessary. In heavily infested sites, 2 or 3 applications 7 to 10 days apart may be necessary.Hazardous Sites Documentation

8-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Documentation After a hazardous site treatment, a PPQ of ficer will determine the effectiveness of the treatment. If the treatment was (and is) effective, the PPQ officer will note the action taken on the EAN and then rescind the EAN.07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 9-1 Chapter 

# 9 Logs, Posts, Pulpwood, Bark, and Bark Products

Contents List of Commercial Products 9-1 Operation under Compliance Agreements 9-2 Inspection Procedure for Logs 9-2 The “Laid Out” Method of Inspection 9-3 Time of Inspection 9-3 Shipment Under Compliance Agreements 9-4 Receiving Mills Under Compliance Agreements 9-4 Inspection Procedures for Pulpwood and Bark 9-4 Inspection Procedures 9-4 Fumigation 9-4 Movement to Receiving Mills 9-4 Treatments 9-5 Hazardous Site Classification 9-5 Documentation 9-6 Signed Accurate Statement 9-6



### List of Commercial Products At establishments operating under Comp liance Agreements (CAs), employees of the establishments may inspect and certify the following commercial products.
 Bark and bark products  Logs (includes logs for veneer, saw timber, etc.)  Posts  Pulpwood (includes bolts, edgi ngs, trimmings, slabs, etc.)  Other forest products
Alone or together, APHIS and Stat e personnel will monitor the CAs.Logs, Posts, Pulpwood, Bark, and Bark Products Operation under Compliance Agreements

9-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Operation under Compliance Agreements Employees will only be able to inspect and certify when their establishment is under a CA and when the employees ha ve successfully completed training. Examples of CAs are in Compliance Agreements (CAs) on page E-1

. PPQ officers and/or State personnel will train the employees of the cooperating establishments.
Operating under CAs after su ccessfully completing trai ning, employees will be able to do the following.  Complete the appropriate documents  Inspect logs according to a standardized procedure  Ship pulpwood and bark products accord ing to a standardized procedure  Treat, if necessary, in a safe and effective manner
On an as-needed basis, PPQ officers a nd/or State personnel will monitor the employees of the cooperating establ ishments to ensure compliance.



### Inspection Procedure for Logs

Log inspectors (whether PPQ officers, State personnel, or employees of cooperating establishments) will ex amine all the surface area—100 percent inspection—of each log in the shipment.
During the piece-by-piece inspection, in spectors will ex amine all exposed surfaces and crevices for egg masses, la rvae, and pupae. If any life stage of gypsy moth is present, inspectors will apply, before shipment, a suitable treatment listed in the section on Treatments on page 7-1

. The “laid out” method allows examination of the entire surface area of all the logs. NOTICE If inspections are not practical because of costs or some other factor, logs can be debarked to remove all the life stages.Logs, Posts, Pulpwood, Bark, and Bark Products The “Laid Out” Method of Inspection

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 9-3 

### The “Laid Out” Method of Inspection Using this method, inspectors will examin e the logs when the logs are “laid out,” i.e., the logs will be arranged in parallel rows with three to four feet between the rows.
The procedure for a “laid out” inspection follows. 1. Plan in advance to have the logs “laid out” and personnel and equipment on hand to turn the logs. 2. Walk between the rows examining the upper surface of logs in the near row and the side surface of logs in the ne xt row. If eggs masses are found, spray with Golden Natur'l Spray Oil and remove. If larvae or pupae are found, remove the larvae and pupae. 3. Have the logs turned, so that the upper surface becomes the bottom. 4. Repeat Step 2 and examine (and treat if necessary) the surfaces that were not previously examined. 5. Safeguard the logs: 1) by arranging immediate shipment by shippers under CA; or 2) by storing under cover foll owed by shipment by shippers under CA. 6. Document the inspection.
Logs may be moved when: 1) the entire surface area is inspected; and 2) the logs are either free of lif e stages or treated to eliminate the life stages.



### Time of Inspection During the five months from April th rough August, inspec tion and treatment, if necessary, must be done no more than five days prio r to shipment, preferably on the shipping day. If the inspected l ogs are not shipped immediately, the establishment must safeguard the logs to prevent infestation or reinfestation of the logs. The establishment can safegua rd the logs by storage in closed containers or by storage at leas t one-hundred feet from vegetation.



### ! WARNING Log inspection involves workin a log-handling yard, so obey the following safety precautions. –Always wear a hardhat and steel-toe workboots –Always listen and watch for yard equipment –Because log stacks are often unstable, never go on or near log stacksLogs, Posts, Pulpwood, Bark, and Bark Products Shipment Under Compliance Agreements

9-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 During the seven months from September through March, inspection and treatment, if necessary, must be done four teen days or less prior to shipment, provided the logs are shipped before April.



### Shipment Under Compliance Agreements Shippers under CAs will be able to move logs; the criteria in the CAs will regulate the shipping practices. Compliance Agreements (CAs) on page E-1 contains an example of a CA for shippers.



### Receiving Mills Under Compliance Agreements Receiving mills in noninfested areas will be able to receive logs if the receiving mills are under CAs regulating handling practices; in addition, the receiving mills must accept logs only fr om loggers under CAs and shippers under CAs. Compliance Agreements (CAs) on page E-1 contains an example of a CA for a receiving mill.



### Inspection Procedures for Pulpwood and Bark Inspection Procedures Inspectors (whether PPQ officers, State personnel, or employees of cooperating establishments) will not be able to exam ine the entire surface area of the shipment.
Pulpwood and bark may be m oved if: 1) fumigated; or 2) moved to receiving mills under CAs by shippers under CAs. 

### Fumigation See Treatments on page 7-1 or the PPQ Treatment Manual

. 

### Movement to Receiving Mills Movement of pulpwood and bark from a quarantine area to a noninfested area involves special handling by: 1) employees at the sending site; 2) employees of the shipping companies; and 3) employees at the receiving mill.
Employees at establishments shipping fr om a quarantine area must inspect the shipment to ensure the following.  Only shippers who are under CAs will transport the regulated articlesLogs, Posts, Pulpwood, Bark, and Bark Products Treatments

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 9-5  Shipments will leave the quarantin e area covered during the blow-in season (April to August)  Shipments will leave the quarant ine area covered with complete documentation  Shipments will only go to receiving mills under CAs when the receiving mills are in noninfested areas
Employees of shipping companies must inspect the shipment to ensure the following.  Shipments, when originating in quarant ine areas, will onl y go to receiving mills in noninfested areas when the receiving mills are under CAs  Shipments will go under c over and without delay
Employees of the receiving mills under CAs must inspect to ensure the following.  Shipments from quarantine areas wi ll arrive from suppliers under CAs and with correct documentation  Shipments from quarantine area will be processed immediately (preferably) or within five days during the five months from April through August  Shipments will arrive under cover and without delay.



### Treatments Treatments are discussed in Treatments on page 7-1
Procedures for composting bark are in Procedures for Composting Bark on page L-1

.



### Hazardous Site Classification Under the CAs, establishments that fr equently ship logs, pulpwood, bark, or any forest producer out of a quarantine area will provi de access to PPQ and/or State employees to examine the premis es (including all Regulated Articles) and the surro unding areas.
Hazardous Sites on page 8-1 contains information on: 1) scouting the premises and the surrounding area of an establishment; and 2) classifying an establishmentLogs, Posts, Pulpwood, Bark, and Bark Products Documentation

9-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Documentation To ship logs, pulpwood, or bark, thre e types of documents are acceptable.
1. PPQ Form 540 (Certificate)—for us e by PPQ officers and State personnel 2. PPQ Form 530 (Limited Permit)— for use by PPQ officers and State personnel 3. A signed Accurate Statement on page M-1 —for use by inspectors employed by cooperating establishments



### Signed Accurate Statement Accurate Statement on page M-1 contains an Accurate Statement for logs and an Accurate Statement for pulpwood (or bark).07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 10-1 Chapter 

# 10 Nursery Stock

Contents Purpose of the Nursery Stock Section 10-1 Operation Under Compliance Agreements 10-1 Procedures for Small Lots 10-2 Procedures for Large Lots 10-2 Nurseries and Christmas Tree Fa rms as Hazardous Sites 10-2 Spray Treatments for Large Lots 10-3 Fumigation for Large Lots 10-3


### Purpose of the Nursery Stock Section The procedures outlined below are used to certify: 1) trees and shrubs grown outdoors in a nursery; and 2) Christmas trees grown as “balled and burlapped” nursery stock.



### Operation Under Compliance Agreements If operating under CAs, nurseri es and Christmas trees pl antations will be able to ship Regulated Articles into a noninfested area. An example of a CA for a nursery or Christmas tree plantation is in Compliance Agreements (CAs) on page E-1
Operating under CAs, worker s at nurseries and Christ mas tree plantations will do the following:  Complete the appropriate documents  Examine Regulated Articles according to a standardized procedure, if necessary  Safeguard plants from reinfestation NOTICE
“Trees and shrubs that have been contin uously grown in a greenhouse under conditions where no gypsy moth infestation would be possible as determined by an inspector may be issued a certificate without piece-by-piece inspection.” See 7 CFR 301.45-5(a) and (a) (4).Nursery Stock Procedures for Small Lots

10-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01  Treat in a safe and effective manner al l plants to be shipped, if necessary  Treat in a safe and effective manne r the surrounding area, if necessary
On an as-needed basis, PPQ officers a nd/or State personnel will monitor the techniques, treatments, a nd documents of the cooperating establishments to ensure compliance.



### Procedures for Small Lots Small lots of regulated pl ants from a quarantine area must be inspected on a piece-by-piece basis by eith er: 1) workers at the establishments under PPQ direction; 2) PPQ officers; or 3) Stat e personnel. For example, piece-by-piece inspection is used for assembly-yard insp ection of articles such as collected native plant material.
During a piece-by-piece inspection, inspect all bark including the crevices where egg masses may be attached. When egg masses or larvae are found, treat either by: 1) physica l removal after spraying with Golden Natur’l Spray Oil; or 2) insecticide application. The preferre d treatment for egg masses will be physical removal after spraying with Go lden Natur’l Spray Oil. (See the instructions Treatments on page 7-1 ).



### Procedures for Large Lots Large lots of regulated plants from a quarantine area are usually not inspected on a piece-by-piece basis. Large lots of regulated plants are treated by: 1) treating the nursery or Christmas tree plantation as a hazardous site; 2) spraying the regulated stock with an ins ecticide; or 3) fumigating the regulated stock.



### Nurseries and Christmas Tree Farms as Hazardous Sites If establishments frequent ly ship nursery-grown trees and shrubs or Christmas trees out of the quarantine area, the esta blishments will be treated as hazardous sites. See instructions on Inspection of Hazardous Sites on page 8-2 for: 1) inspecting premises and surrounding areas ; and 2) certifying establishments with or without treatment.Nursery Stock Spray Treatments for Large Lots

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 10-3 

### Spray Treatments for Large Lots For larvae on plants in large lots, the following insecticides and others are registered for spray treatments: ace phate; carbaryl; difl ubenzuron; phosmet; spinosad; and tebufenozide.

See Insecticide Labels and MSDSs on page F-1 for more information on these insecticides



### Fumigation for Large Lots See the PPQ Treatment Manual for pr ocedural instructions on conducting methyl bromide (MB) fumigations.

Trees and shrubs can be fumigated with MB at natural at mospheric pressure (NAP) using either a short or long exposure schedule. Do not use MB containing chloropicrin.



### ! WARNING Some evergreen species, especially narro w-leafed evergreens and some azaleas, may be injured by MB fumigation. Plants in a dormant state are more tolerant to fumigation.



### ! WARNING APHIS will not be responsible for damage of an y type that results from a fumigation or an attempted fumigation.Nursery Stock Fumigation for Large Lots

10-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Table 10-1 MB Treatment Schedule (at NAP) for egg masses of Lymantria dispar (gypsy moth) on deciduous, dormant woody plants (except for broadleaved genera such as Azalea, Berberis, Camellia, Ilex , and Photinia ) 1

1 This table is similar to treatment T201-d-1 in the Treatment Manual Temperature Dosage Rate (lb/1,000 ft3) Minimum Concentration Readings (oz.) At: All others 90-96°F 2 lbs 2 hrs 80-89°F 2.5 lbs 2 hrs 70-79°F 3 lbs 2 hrs 60-69°F 3 lbs 2.5 hrs 50-59°F 3 lbs 3 hrs 40-49°F 3 lbs 3.5 hrs

Table 10-2 MB Treatment Schedule (at NAP) for Egg masses of Lymantria dispar (gypsy moth) on Dormant Evergreens (Including Conifers) and Certain Broadleaved Genera such as Azalea , Berberis, Camellia, Ilex , and Photinia 1

1 This table is similar to treatment T201-b-1 in the Treatment Manual Temperature Dosage Rate (lb/1,000 ft 3 ) Minimum Concentration Readings (oz.) At:
90-96°F 1.5 lbs 2 hrs 80-89°F 2 lbs 2 hrs 70-79°F 2.5 lbs 2 hrs 60-69°F 2.5 lbs 2.5 hrs 50-59°F 2.5 lbs 3 hrs 40-49°F 2.5 lbs 3.5 hrs

Table 10-3 MB Treatment Schedule at NAP (Chamber or Tarpaulin) for Egg Masses of Lymantria dispar on Cut Conifer Christmas Trees 1

Temperature Dosage Rate (lb/1000 ft 3 ) Minimum Concentration Readings (oz.) at:

0.5 hr 2.5 hrs 3 hrs 4 hrs 4.5 hrs

75°F or above 1.5 lbs 18 12

— — — 70-74°F 2 lbs 24 16

— — — 60-69°F 2.5 lbs 30

— 24

— —Nursery Stock Fumigation for Large Lots

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 10-5 60-69°F 3 lbs 36 24

— — — 50-59°F 3 lbs 36

— — 24

— 50-59°F 4 lbs 48 32

— — — 40-49°F 3.5 lbs 42

— — — 28 40-49°F 5 lbs 60 40

— — —
1 This table is similar to treatment T313-d-1 in the Treatment Manual.

NOTICE ON PINE: If treating pine Christmas tree s for both gypsy moth egg masses and the pine shoot beetle, use the schedule for the pine shoot beetle because it is more potent. Table 10-3 MB Treatment Schedule at NAP (Chamber or Tarpaulin) for Egg Masses of Lymantria dispar on Cut Conifer Christmas Trees

Temperature Dosage Rate (lb/1000 ft 3 ) Minimum Concentration Readings (oz.) at:

0.5 hr 2.5 hrs 3 hrs 4 hrs 4.5 hrsNursery Stock Fumigation for Large Lots

10-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0107/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 11-1 Chapter 

# 11 Christmas Trees from Canada

Contents Introduction 11-1



### Introduction Christmas trees coming from Canada are conifers. The term “conifers” refers to cone-bearing trees. Common examples include pine, fir, spruce, hemlock, and Douglas fir.
Use the following decision tables to ta ke the appropriate course of action.

Table 11-1 Cut Christmas Trees or Boughs

If from: Then The Province of Ontario or Quebec GO to Table 11-2 The Province of British Columbia, Ne w Brunswick, or Nova Scotia GO to Table 11-5 A province other than Ontario, Quebec, British Columbia, New Brunswick, or Nova

Scotia GO to Table 11-8

Table 11-2 Cut Christmas Trees or Boughs from Ontario or Quebec

If: Then: A pine species (e.g., white pine, Scotch or Scots pine) GO to Table 11-3 Not a pine species (e.g., fir, spruce, hemlock, Douglas fir) GO to Table 11-4Christmas Trees from Canada Introduction

11-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Table 11-3 Cut PINE Christmas Trees or Branches from Ontario or Quebec

If destined to: And: Then: CT, DE, DC, MD,

MA, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, or VT Accompanied by either of these documents:• A Canadian Phytosanitary Certificate with one of the following Additional Declarations (ADs): (1) “The trees were inspected and found free from Tomicus piniperda, pine shoot

beetle.” or (2) “The trees were grown in an area not known to be infested by Tomicus piniperda,

pine shoot beetle.” or (3) “The trees have been treated with methyl br omide to kill Tomicus piniperda, pine

shoot beetle.” The details of the treatment must be record ed in the treatment block. • A Canadian Certificate of Origin 1 stating, “The trees were grown in an area not

known to be infested by pine shoot beetle.” The certificates must also state the county or MRC 2 , and province where the trees

were grown. RELEASE

Lacks the documents described above CONTACT PPQ Other than a

State listed above Accompanied by a Canadian Ph ytosanitary Certificate with one of the following Additional Declarations (ADs): 1. “The trees were inspected and found fr ee from Tomicus piniperda, pine shoot beetle.” or 2. “The trees were grown in an area no t known to be infested by Tomicus piniperda, pine shoot beetle.” or 3. “The trees have been treated with methyl bromide to kill Tomicus piniperda, pine shoot beetle.” The details of the treatm ent must be recorded in the treatment block. RELEASE

Lacks a Canadian Phytosanitary Certificate with one of the above ADs CONTACT PPQ
1 The Certificate of Origin must be addressed to the Plant Protection Organization of the United States, and must contain the following statement: “The (items) descri bed below are products of Canada, produced in the county of (name of county) in the province of (name of province) in an area where gypsy moth , Lymantria dispar, does not occur.” The Certificate of Origin must also contain the following information:
Exporter’s name Exporter’s address Description of the product, including quantity, species, and common name Exporter’s identification number Exporters must print their name and sign and date the Certificate of Origin 2 MRC = Municipalité régionale de comté. This is a le vel of local government in the province of Quebec.Christmas Trees from Canada Introduction

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 11-3 Table 11-4 Cut Christmas Trees or Branch es OTHER THAN PINE from Ontario or Quebec

If destined to: And: Then: CT, DE, DC, MD,

MA, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, or VT RELEASE

Other than a state

listed above Accompanied by either of these documents: • A Canadian Phytosanitary Certificate with one of the following Additional

Declarations (ADs): 1. “The trees were inspected and foun d free from Lymantria dispar, gypsy moth.” or 2. “The trees have been treated with methyl bromide to kill Lymantria dispar, gypsy moth.” The details of t he treatment must be recorded in the treatment block. • A Canadian Certificate of Origin 1
The certificates must also state the county or MRC 2 and province where the

trees were grown. Lacks the documents described above CONTACT PPQ
1 The Certificate of Origin must be addressed to the Plant Prot ection Organization of the United States, and must contain the following statement: “The (items) descri bed below are products of Canada, produced in the county of (name of county) in the province of (name of province) in an area where gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar, does not occur.” The Certificate of Origin must also contain the following information: Exporter’s name Exporter’s address Description of the product, including quantity, species, and common nam Exporter’s identification number Exporters must print their name and sign and date the Certificate of Origin 2 MRC = Municipalité régionale de comté. This is a le vel of local government in the province of Quebec.

Table 11-5 Cut Christmas Trees or Branches from British Columbia , New Brunswick, or Nova Scotia

If: A pine species (e.g., white pine, Scotch or Scots pine) GO to Table 11-6 Not a pine species (e.g., fir, sp ruce, hemlock, Douglas fir) GO to Table 11-7Christmas Trees from Canada Introduction

11-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Table 11-6 Cut PINE Christmas Trees or Branches from British Co lumbia, New Brunswick, or Nova Scotia
If destined to: And: Then: CT, DE, DC, MD, MA,

NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, or VT RELEASE

Other than a State

listed above Accompanied by either of these documents: • A Canadian Phytosanitary Certificate with one of the following Additional

Declarations: 1. “The trees were inspected a nd found free from Lymantria dispar, gypsy moth.” or 2. “The trees have been treated with methyl bromide to kill Lymantria dispar, gypsy moth.” The details of t he treatment must be recorded in the treatment block. • A Canadian Certificate of Origin 1
The certificates must also state the county and province where the trees

were grown. Lacks the documents described above CONTACT PPQ
1 The Certificate of Origin must be addressed to the Plant Pr otection Organization of the Unit ed States, and must contain the following statement: “The (items) descri bed below are products of Canada, produced in the county of (name of county) in the province of (name of province) in an area where gypsy moth , Lymantria dispar, does not occur.” The Certificate of Origin must also contain the following information: Exporter’s name Exporter’s address Description of the product, including quantity, species, and common name Exporter’s identification number Exporters must print their name and sign and date the Certificate of Origin.Christmas Trees from Canada Introduction

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 11-5 Table 11-7 Cut Christmas Trees or Branches OTHER THAN PINE from British Columbia, New Brunswick, or Nova Scotia
If destined to: And: Then: CT, DE, DC, MD,

MA, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, or VT RELEASE

Other than a State

listed above Accompanied by either of these documents: • A Canadian Phytosanitary Certific ate with one of the following

Additional Declarations: 1. “The trees were inspected and found free from Lymantria dispar, gypsy moth.” or 2. “The trees have been treated with methyl bromide to kill Lymantria dispar, gypsy moth.” The details of the treatment must be recorded in the treatment block. • A Canadian Certificate of Origin 1
The certificates must also stat e the county and province where

the trees were grown. Lacks the documents described above CONTACT PPQ
1 The Certificate of Origin must be addressed to the Plant Protection Organization of the United States, and must contain the following statement: “The (items) described below are products of Canada, produced in the county of (name of county) in the province of (name of province ) in an area where gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar, does not occur.” The Certificate of Origin must also contain the fo llowing information: Exporter’s name Exporter’s address Description of the product, including quantity, species, and common name Exporter’s identification number Exporters must print their name and sign and date the Certificate of Origin.

Table 11-8 Cut Christmas Trees or Branches from a Province OTHER THAN Ontario, Quebec, British Columbia, New Brunswick, or Nova Scotia
If: Then: Accompanied by either of these documents: • A Canadian Phytosanitary Certificate with the fo llowing Additional Declaration: “The trees were

grown in an area not known to be infested by gypsy moth.” • A Canadian Certificate of Origin 1 The certificates must also state the county and province where the trees were grown. RELEASE

Lacks the documents descr ibed above CONTACT PPQChristmas Trees from Canada Introduction

11-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01

1 The Certificate of Origin must be addressed to the Plant Pr otection Organization of the United States, and must contain the following statement: “The (items) descri bed below are products of Canada, produced in the county of (name of county) in the province of (name of province) in an area where gypsy moth , Lymantria dispar, does not occur.” The Certificate of Origin must also contain the following information: Exporter’s name Exporter’s address Description of the product, including quantity, species, and common name Exporter’s identification number

Exporters must print their name and sign and date the Certificate of Origin07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 12-1 Chapter 

# 12 Qualified Certified Applicators (QCAs)

Contents Definition of Qualified Certifie d Applicators (QCAs) 12-1 Qualifications of QCAs 12-1 Training QCAs 12-1 Authorization Under Compliance Agreements 12-2 Substandard Performance 12-2



### Definition of Qualified Ce rtified Applicators (QCAs) Qualified Certified Applicators (QCAs) are pesticide appli cators certified by the USDA to inspect both Outdoor Hous ehold Articles (OHAs), which include recreational vehicles (RVs), and mobile homes.



### Qualifications of QCAs Each QCA must hold a valid pesticide a pplicator’s license for each State in which the QCA works. If a State revokes the pesticide applicator’s license of an individual, that individual cannot continue to be a QCA.



### Training QCAs QCAs will be traine d by: 1) USDA personnel; 2) St ate personnel; or preferably 3) both USDA and State pers onnel. Licensing will alwa ys be the responsibility of the State agency that licenses pesticide applicators.
QCAs must be able to do the following:  Complete and distribute the appropriate documents  Inspect OHAs and mobile homes acco rding to a standardized procedure  Treat, if necessary, in a safe and effective manner.Qualified Certified Applicators (QCAs) Authorization Under Compliance Agreements

12-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Authorization Under Compliance Agreements QCAs will work under Compliance Agreem ents (CAs). An example of a CA for a QCA can be located in Compliance Agreements on page E-1

. The PPQ Plant Health Director (PHD) in each State will be responsible for initiating and monitoring th e certification of QCAs under CAs. In each State, the PPQ PHD will maintain a list of current QCAs.



### Substandard Performance If a QCA fails to perform inspections or treatments adequa tely, the PPQ PHD will revoke the CA and the authority of the QCA to inspect and certify OHAs and mobile homes.07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 13-1 Chapter 

# 13 Outdoor Household Articles (OHAs)

Contents Definition of Outdoor House hold Articles (OHAs) 13-1 Monitoring the Shipment of OHAs 13-1 Self-Inspection by Homeowners or Renters 13-2 Inspection by QCAs Under Complia nce Agreements (CAs) 13-2 Preinspection Procedure 13-3 Inspection Procedure 13-4 Treatments 13-5 Physical Removal of Egg Masse s (Preferred for OHAs) 13-5 Physical Removal of Egg Masses after Spraying 13-5 Fumigation of Egg Masses 13-5 Spraying of Larvae 13-5 Documentation for the OHA Inspections 13-6



### Definition of Outdoor Ho usehold Articles (OHAs) Outdoor Household Articles (OHAs) in clude any article a ssociated with a household that has been kept outside the home. OHAs include, but are not limited to, the following: outdoor fu rniture; firewood; barbecue grills; doghouses; boats; hauling traile rs; garbage containers; bicycles; tires; garden tools; tents; awnings; and recreational vehicles (RVs).
Checklist for Outdoor Household Articles (OHAs) on page O-1 (and Program Aid Number 1329— “Don’t Move Gypsy Moth ”) contains a list of OHAs that are often infested and must be inspecte d. However, any list is likely to be incomplete, because the gypsy moth females can lay their eggs on anything and the larvae of gypsy moth can rest or pupate on anything.



### Monitoring the Shipment of OHAs When OHAs are to be shipped from a quarantine area into or through a noninfested area, the OHAs must be treated as Regulated Articles Prior to the move, OHAs must be inspected (and treated, if necessary).Outdoor Household Articles (OHAs) Self-Inspection by Homeowners or Renters

13-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 To regulate the movement of OHAs from quarantine areas, PPQ and/or State personnel will contact the following establishments.  All moving companies in the State  All truck and trailer rental companies in the State  Media—radio, televi sion, and newspapers
At all the establishments, PPQ and/ or State personnel will distribute information, such as the “Don’t Move Gypsy Moth” Program Aid, and explain the gypsy moth quarantine. At the m oving companies and truck and trailer rental companies, PPQ and/or State pe rsonnel will leave: 1) information for distribution to homeowners and renter s who must be regulated; and 2) a current list of QCAs authorized to work in the State.
Because OHAs are the most likely means of artificial spre ad, a strong public relations campaign is particularly im portant. The public must be informed through the media. PPQ personnel can obt ain assistance in dealing with the media from Legislative and Public Af fairs (LPA), a unit within APHIS.



### Self-Inspection by Homeowners or Renters PPQ officers, State personnel, employees of moving companie s, or employees of rental companies must contact, well before their moves, the homeowners or renters who must be regulated. The homeowners or renters who must be regulated are the homeowners or re nters who are moving OHAs from a quarantine area into or through a n oninfested area. The homeowners and renters who must be regulated must be in formed of their right to inspect their own OHAs.

Homeowners or renters who must be re gulated can inspect their own OHAs if they use the procedures in Program Aid Number 1329, “Don’t Move Gypsy Moth.” In each State, homeowners a nd renters who must be regulated can obtain this Program Aid from PPQ offi cers, State personnel, employees of moving companies, or employees of rental companies.



### Inspection by QCAs Under Compliance Agreements (CAs) If the homeowners or renters who must be regulated do not desire to conduct a self-inspection, QCAs unde r CAs can inspect OHAs. ( See Qualified Certified Applicators (QCAs) on page 12-1 .)
Operating under CAs, QCAs who inspect OH As will be: 1) trained by PPQ or State personnel; 2) licensed as pesticide applicators in each State in which theyOutdoor Household Articles (OHAs) Preinspection Procedure

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 13-3 operate; 3) responsible to PPQ personne l for preparation and distribution of certifying documents; and 4) monitored by PPQ or State personnel to ensure the quality of inspections.



### Preinspection Procedure Step 1: Ask the Homeowner or Renter Who Must be Regulated to do the Following  Assemble all OHAs and other articles to be inspected or at least make the OHAs and other articles acce ssible for an easy inspection  Identify all OHAs and other articles to be inspected. Step 2: Assemble All Tools Necessary for the Inspection  Certifying documents—to record the inspection  Drop cloth—to lie on when examining the undersides of OHAs  Flashlight, preferably a small, high- intensity flashlight—to illuminate nooks and crannies  Hand mirror, preferably small and pl astic-covered for safety—to examine the undersides of OHAs  Paint scraper, preferably small a nd flexible—to scrap off egg masses  Probe, preferably thin and flexib le, possibly a screwdriver—to probe nooks and crannies  Tools, such as Phillips and standa rd screwdrivers—to disassemble OHAs, if necessary  Tools, such as a tire lug-nut wr ench, a jack, and blocks—to remove wheels to check wheel wells and brakes, if necessary  Workclothes, such as coverallsOutdoor Household Articles (OHAs) Inspection Procedure

13-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Inspection Procedure Step 1: Examine the Vegetation Around the OHAs for Indications About the Gypsy Moth Population Infested OHAs are more likely when there are indications of a large population. However, even when there is no indication of a gypsy moth population, infestation of O HAs is still possible. Therefore, always do a thorough examination of each article.
Step 2: Thoroughly Examine Each OHA—and any Household Article— That Has Been Outdoors The examination of each article (OHA or any exposed article) must cover all the surface area, including nooks and cra nnies. Use probes and flashlights to examine the nooks and crannies. Turn articles over to examine the lower surfaces. Remember that gypsy moth fe males favor sheltered surfaces for egg laying. If the articles cannot be turn ed over, examine by crawling underneath on a drop cloth, using a hand mirror, and/or probing with a screwdriver.
If necessary, disassemble ar ticles likely to harbor the gypsy moth. Pay special attention to articles in close proxi mity to egg masses, larvae, or pupae.
Although they may not be typical OHAs, be sure to examine the following articles as if they were OHAs:  Articles left outside  Articles stored in areas open to the outside  Articles stored in areas wi th an opening to the outside  Articles stored indoors, but used outdoors
As articles are examined, separate the infested from the noninfested. Step 3: Treat the Infested Articles; as an Alternative, Infested Articles can be Treated During Their Examination See Treatments on page 13-5
Step 4: Safeguard the Inspected Articles Ideally, inspections will be done on moving day during the egg-laying and larval-dispersal periods from April th rough August. However, if any inspection is not done on moving day and if the gyps y moth will have an opportunity to reinfest the articles, the articles must be safeguarded from reinfestation.
Safeguard the inspected articles by one or more of the following means  :Cover with tarpaulin or plastic bagsOutdoor Household Articles (OHAs) Treatments

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 13-5  Pack immediately in moving van or truck and enclose or cover  Store articles indoors.
Disposable plastic bags will safeguard ar ticles for several days before a move. On moving day, the disposable plastic bags are removed from the protected articles and left behind. Step 5: Document the Inspection See Documentation for the OHA Inspections on page 13-6

.



### Treatments Physical Removal of Egg Ma sses (Preferre d for OHAs) Use a wire brush or paint scraper to re move an egg mass from an OHA. Be sure to brush or scrape vigorously to remove all of the egg mass; however, do not brush or scrape so vigorous ly that the OHA is damaged. 

### Physical Removal of Egg Masses after Spraying Apply Golden Natur’l Spray Oil to an egg mass, using: 1) a sprayer with an adjustable nozzle; 2) a paint brush; or 3) a similar brush. Thoroughly saturate the egg masses to the point of runoff so the egg mass is “s oaked.” The Golden Natur’l Spray Oil will penetrate rapidl y destroying even the innermost eggs. Then, physically remove the egg mass, us ing a wire brush or paint scraper. Vigorously brush or scrape all of the egg mass from the surface.



### Fumigation of Egg Masses Treatments for Egg Masses on page 7-2 contains the Treatment Schedule for OHAs. 

### Spraying of Larvae When removing larvae by brush or paint sc rapper is not practical, either of two insecticide may be used:
 Acephate (Orthene Tree and Ornamental Spray)  Ficam W
Follow label instructions carefully.

NOTICE The methods above are preferred over insecticide use or fumigation.Outdoor Household Articles (OHAs) Documentation for the OHA Inspections

13-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Documentation for the OHA Inspections Four types of documents are acceptable.
1. PPQ Form 540 (Certificate) For PPQ and State Personnel 2. PPQ Form 530 (Limited Permit) for PPQ and State personnel (particularly useful for treated, but possibly infested, RVs) 3. QCA document plus an attached copy of the document ( Qualified Certified Applicator (QCA) Document on page P-1 ) 4. Self-Inspection Checklist (i n Program Aid Number 1329)—for homeowners or renters who self-inspect.07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 14-1 Chapter 

# 14 Mobile Homes and Associated Items

Contents Regulation and Mobile Homes 14-1 Preparation for the Regulation of Mobile Homes 14-1 Contacting All Mobile Home Haulers 14-2 Contacting the State Department of Transportation 14-2 Contacting the Media 14-2 Contacting the Operators of Mobile Home Parks 14-2 Contacting the Pesticide Applicators 14-2 Preinspection Procedure 14-2 Safety and Inspections 14-3 Inspection Procedure 14-4 Treatments 14-5 Physical Removal of Egg Masses 14-5 Physical Removal of Egg Ma sses After Spraying 14-6 Spraying of Larvae with Insecticide 14-6 Documents for Mobile Home Inspections 14-6 PPQ Form 540 (Certificate) 14-6 PPQ Form 530 (Limited Permit) 14-6 QCA Document 14-6 Use of the Documents for Mobi le Home Inspections 14-7


### Regulation and Mobile Homes Mobile homes and associated items ar e only regulated when moved from a quarantine area into or through an noninfested area. To move a mobile home from a quarantine area into or through an noninfested area, an inspection is necessary before the move; certifying documents are necessary during and after the move.



### Preparation for the Regulation of Mobile Homes To regulate the movement of mobile homes from quarantine areas, PPQ and State personnel will cooperate in the following activities.Mobile Homes and Associated Items Preinspection Procedure

14-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Contacting All Mobile Home Haulers All mobile home haulers who move mobi le homes from generally infested to noninfested areas will be contacted an d placed under Compliance Agreement (CA). Under the terms of the CAs, mob ile home haulers will only haul mobile homes from quarantine area to noninfeste d areas after gypsy moth inspections have been performed and documented. Under the CAs, the mobile home haulers will know how to initiate th e inspections and how to handle the certifying documents. 

### Contacting the State Department of Transportation In some States, permits ar e required to move a mobile home. Contact with the State transportation office will allow acc ess to copies of the permits enabling inspection arrangements. 

### Contacting the Media Contact with media (radio, television, and newspaper) will allow access to mobile home owners. Media coverage will inform m obile home owners of the need for inspections and the pos sibility of self-inspection. 

### Contacting the Operators of Mobile Home Parks Contact with the operators of mobile home parks will allow access to mobile home owners. Operators of mobile home parks will inform departing mobile home owners of the need for inspections and the possibility of self-inspection. 

### Contacting the Pesticide Applicators Contact with individual pesticide appl icators and with organizations for pesticide applicators will allow access to pesticide applicators who would be interested in becoming Qualified Cert ified Applicators (QCAs). QCAs are pesticide applicators who will be allowe d to inspect mobile homes under CAs. See the subsection on Qualified Certified Applicators (QCAs) on page 12-1 for more information.



### Preinspection Procedure Step 1: Before the Move, Contact the Departing Mobile Home Owner Explain the threat posed by the gypsy moth and the need to inspect departing mobile homes. Arrange the inspection. Be fore the inspection, ask the owner of the mobile home to do (or arrange) the following:
 Make the exteriors of the mobile home and of all associated items accessible for inspection  Make the interior of the mobile hom e available for inspection, if necessaryMobile Homes and Associated Items Safety and Inspections

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 14-3  Provide equipment and labor to en sure rapid access to wheel wells, brakes, undersides, and other inaccessi ble places on the day of inspection  Remove all skirting. Step 2: Assemble All Necessary Tools and Equipment  Binoculars—to examine suspected, distant egg masses  Certifying documents—to record the inspection  Flashlight, preferably a small, high- intensity flashlight—to illuminate nooks and crannies  Ground cover— to lie on when examining the undersides of the mobile homes  Hand mirror, preferably small and pl astic-covered for safety—to examine the undersides of the mobile homes  Ladder—to examine the roof and areas under the eaves  Paint scraper (putty knife), preferab ly small and flexible—to scrape off egg masses  Probe, preferably thin and flexib le, possibly a screwdriver—to probe nooks and crannies  Tools, such as Phillips head and st andard screwdrivers—to remove panels, if necessary  Wire brush (if a paint scraper is not used)—to scra pe off egg masses  Workclothes, such as coveralls, hardhat, and goggles
Inspections require th e following conditions:  If possible, the inspection must oc cur on moving day during blow-in and egg-laying seasons (duri ng the months of April through August); if not possible, the inspection must occur within five days of the move  Mobile home and associated items mu st be accessible to the inspector  Weather conditions must be favorable



### Safety and Inspections To prevent injury, use the following pr ocedures when performing inspections:
 Always check for spiders, such as the black widow and brown recluse  Always put blocks under the wheels of the mobile home to be inspected  Always wear coveralls  Always wear a hardhat, gloves, and safety glassesMobile Homes and Associated Items Inspection Procedure

14-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01  Beware of sharp edges, particularly flashing and siding edges. Never run your hand over edges that could be sharp  Never crawl under a mobile home on jacks  Use a flashlight to illuminate a dark area before entering  Use mirrors, instead of entering tight corners



### Inspection Procedure Step 1: Examine the Vegetation Around the Mobile Home for Life Stages of the Gypsy Moth If the vegetation in the su rrounding area is infested, the mobile home is likely to be infested. However, even when there is no indication of a gypsy moth population in the surrounding area, infestation of the mobile home is still possible. Therefore, all inspections must be exacting and complete.
Step 2: Examine the Mobile Home and Associated Items for Life Stages of the Gypsy Moth Look in, on, and under everything. The exam ination must cover all exterior surfaces, including surfaces deep with in nooks and crannies. Use probes and flashlights to examine al l the nooks and crannies.
Examine lower surfaces very carefull y. For egg laying, gypsy moth females favor sheltered undersurfaces. Examin e the underside of a mobile home by crawling on a drop cloth, using a ha nd mirror, and/or probing with a screwdriver.
Inspect the following with particular care:  Air conditioners (remove covers)  Awnings (open if necessary)  Blocks on which the mobile home rests  Chimney flashing and rainguard  Compressors  Drain pipes  Expando unit (open if necessary)  Flashings  Fuse boxes, circuit breaker box, and/or electrical connections  Hitch, including the underside of the I-beams and junction  License plateMobile Homes and Associated Items Treatments

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 14-5  Moldings (probe if necessary)  Mud flaps  Patio room  Propane gas tanks (including the gas cap)  Roof and eaves  Shutters  Skirting  Steps  Taillights  Underside of the mobile home, incl uding floor boards, frame, and tubing  Vents  Wheels, including the inside of the rim and brake drums (if accessible)

 Window sills (top and bottom)
When necessary, articles likely to har bor the gypsy moth must be disassembled prior to the inspection. The disassem bly can be done by the owner of the mobile home, workers contracted by th e owner of the mobile home, or the inspecting QCA.
Associated items and parts of the m obile home near infested vegetation deserve close attention. Step 3: Treat the Infestations See information on Treatments on page 14-5 below.
Step 4: Document the Inspection See the information on Documents for Mobile Home Inspections on page 14-6 on the following page.



### Treatments Physical Removal of Egg Masses Use a wire brush or paint scraper to re move an egg mass from an OHA. Be sure to brush or scrape vigorously to remove all of the egg mass; however, do not brush or scrape so vigorously that the finish is damaged. NOTICE Commonly overlooked sites for larvae and egg masses on mobile homes are wheels, especially the inner sides, chimne y caps, and flashing, and the lip of the lower wall.Mobile Homes and Associated Items Documents for Mobile Home Inspections

14-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Physical Removal of Eg g Masses After Spraying To apply Golden Natur’l Spray Oil to an egg mass, use: 1) a sprayer with an adjustable nozzle; 2) a paint brush; or 3) a similar brush. Thoroughly saturate the egg masses to the point of runoff so the egg mass is “s oaked.” The Golden Natur’l Spray Oil will penetrate rapidl y destroying even the innermost eggs. Then, physically remove the egg mass, using a wire brush or paint scraper. Vigorously brush or scrape all of the e gg mass from the surface. Do not brush or scrape so vigorously that the finish is damaged.



### Spraying of Larvae with Insecticide An insecticide, such as acephate (Orthene Tree and Ornamental Spray), is to be used only for larvae when removal by br ush or paint scraper is not practical.

Follow insecticide label instructions carefully. More information is in Treatments on page 7-1

.


### Documents for Mobile Home Inspections The following three documents will al low the movement of mobile homes from quarantine areas to noninfested areas. 

### PPQ Form 540 (C ertificate) Characteristics of the Certificate are as follows:
 Issued by PPQ or State inspectors  Intended for mobile homes found to be free of gypsy moth 

### PPQ Form 530 (Li mited Permit) Characteristics of the Limited Permit are as follows:
 Issued by PPQ or State inspectors  Intended for mobile homes treated to be free of infestation or are suspected of being infested, alt hough appearing free of infestation 

### QCA Document Characteristics of the QCA Document ( See Qualified Certified Applicator (QCA) Document on page P-1 ) are as follows:
 Issued by QCAs NOTICE The methods above are preferred over insecticide use.Mobile Homes and Associated Items Use of the Documents for Mobile Home Inspections

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 14-7  Intended for mobile homes completely free or treated to be free of gypsy moth



### Use of the Documents for Mobile Home Inspections The inspection documents will allow moni toring of the movement of mobile homes and associated items. Using th e inspection documents will allow the following:
 Detection of inadequate inspections  Inspections for the most threatening moves  Trapping to survey the most threatened areas

Use the documents to list the moves fr om the most threatening to the least threatening. Inspect and trap at the most threatening moves. Continue down the list and inspect and trap as resources permit.
The following table on prioritizing risk from transported mobi le homes can be used to list moves from the most threatening to least threatening.

Table 14-1 Prioritizing Risk from Transported Mobile Homes

Priority Document Treated or Untreated Mobile Home Situation at Site of Origin

1 QCA Document Treated Heavy Infestation 2 QCA Document Treated Light Infestation 3 QCA Document Untreated Heavy Infestation 4 QCA Document Untreated Light Infestation 5 Limited Permit Treated Heavy Infestation 6 Limited Permit Treated Light Infestation 7 Limited Permit Untreated Heavy Infestation 8 Limited Permit Untreated Light Infestation 9 Certificate Untreated Heavy Infestation 10 Certificate Untreated Light InfestationMobile Homes and Associated Items Use of the Documents for Mobile Home Inspections

14-8 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0107/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 15-1 Chapter 

# 15 Control Section Introduction

Contents Review of Sections 15-1 Purpose of Control 15-2 Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) 15-3 Environmental Assessment (EA) 15-3 Gypsy Moth State Survey Committee 15-3 Other Sources of Information 15-3



### Review of Sections The following sections in this manual wi ll help to explain control procedures and/or information on the following activities:
 Safety Precautions on page 16-1  Safety references  Safety and cleanup materials  Planning for Control Activities on page 17-1  Materials needed  Procedure for control activities  Gather all pertinent data  Meet with cooperator  Determine options and recomm endations for eradication  Hold public meeting  Determine application method (for insecticide use)  Write the site-specific EA  Write letters for the ad ministrator's signature  Determine when to begin application  Eradication Using Insecticides on page 18-1  Materials neededControl Section Introduction Purpose of Control

15-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01  Procedure for eradication using pesticides  Notify public of spraying  Notify contractor to report  Calibrate and check spray equipment  Monitor weather conditions  Begin application  Monitor application and weather  Maintain spray block map  Conduct posttreatment survey  Procedure for Eradication Using Mass Trapping on page 19-2  Materials needed  Procedure for eradication using mass trapping  Plot trap locations on a map  Select sites for placing traps  Set traps  Check the traps  Submit gypsy moth specimens  Remove traps  Report mass trapping results  Complete survey maps  Interpret results



### Purpose of Control For APHIS, the purpose of control activities is onl y to eradicate isolated infestations of gypsy moth.
APHIS will cooperatively fund the eradicat ion of isolated infestations if the isolated infestations are: 1) 640 acres or smaller; 2) on non–Federal land; and 3) not adjacent to Federal lands.
Suppression efforts in the infested areas where eradication is no longer feasible are the responsibility of th e USDA’s Forest Service ( FS) and individual States. APHIS does not fund efforts to control the gypsy moth by suppression.Control Section Introduction Purpose of Control

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 15-3 

### Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) All eradication efforts are carried out under the Final Environmental Impact Statement as supplemental—1995 (FEIS) . The FEIS contains requirements that must be followed in conducting an eradication program . Review the FEIS when planning an eradication effort.



### Environmental Assessment (EA) Decisions concerning APHIS participati on in eradication activities are based on the results of site-specific environm ental analyses. All eradication efforts are conducted in compliance with th e National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). See Guidelines for Environmental Documents on page H-1 , which contains instructions for writing a site-specific EA.

This section on control will provide guidance through th e steps necessary to be taken once an isolated infestation is delimited. A substantial amount of planning is required in an eradication effort. 

### Gypsy Moth State Survey Committee The Gypsy Moth State Survey Committ ee is responsible for coordinating gypsy moth efforts among FS, State, and APHIS-PPQ personnel. The Gypsy Moth State Survey Committee will meet to determine what c ourse of action to take. While the PPQ Plant Health Dire ctor (PHD) will take the lead in arranging meetings, the lead agency will be determined by the survey committee.


### Other Sources of Information This manual section does not duplicate all the information covered in the Aerial Application Manual nor does it c over all the duties a nd responsibilities of the Contracting Officers Repres entative. Detailed information (e.g., Methods for Gypsy Moth Eradication on page G-1 , Checking and Calibrating Aircraft on page J-1 , Public Meetings/Public Relations on page I-1 ) is covered in the Appendix Section because it would interf ere with the flow of procedures.

NOTICE
Failure to follow the re quirements of the FEIS could lead to an injunction or lawsuit.Control Section Introduction Purpose of Control

15-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0107/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 16-1 Chapter 

# 16 Safety Precautions

Contents Introduction to Safety Precautions 16-1 Safety References 16-1 Safety and Cleanup Materials 16-2 Safety Materials 16-2 Cleanup Materials 16-2


### Introduction to Safety Precautions Safety must be a prime consideration in all eradication efforts. Supervisors must stress safety practices in prepr ogram planning and during all activities. When necessary, supervisors must en force on-the-job safety procedures.



### Safety References The following pesticide safety references must be available to all personnel handling pesticides.
 APHIS Cholinesterase Testing Pr ogram—APHIS Directive 450.5 dated 7/ 8/82  Hazardous Materials: 1980 Emer gency Response Guidebook. DOT-P5800.2 Department of Transportation  Pesticide First Aid Handbook  Pesticide Label and Labeling Sa fety Instructions/Precautions  PPQ Guidelines for Managing and Monitoring Pesticide Spills - M390.l402 (Revised Jan. 1983)  Recognition and Management of Pe sticide Poisoning by Donald P. Morgan, Environmental Protection Agency, 1982  The Standard Pesticide Users Guid e by Bert L. Bohmont. Published by Prentice-Hall Inc. (The reference used in PPQ’s Self-Instructional Pesticide Applicator Certification Training)Safety Precautions Safety and Cleanup Materials

16-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Safety and Cleanup Materials Before beginning a spray program, ge t the necessary safety and cleanup materials. 

### Safety Materials Safety materials should include the following:
 First aid kit—bus and truck kit (GSA #6545-00-664-5312 or equivalent) (one each)  Fire extinguisher—five-pound size for cl ass A, B, and C fires (one each)  Portable eye wash kit (two each) 

### Cleanup Materials Cleanup materials should include the following:
 Absorbent material (GSA # 7930-00-269-1272) (sweeping compound, sawdust, kitty litter, or other absorbent materials) (25-pound bag)  Broom (GSA # 7920-00-292-4375 or equivalent) (one each)  Coveralls—disposable (four pairs)  Dust pan (GSA # 7290-00-616-0109 or equivalent) (one each)  Garbage can—large, metal (or heavydut y plastic) with removable cover for storing contaminated material s for later disposal (one each)

 Liquid detergent—pint bottle (one each)  Plastic bags—large, heavyduty, wi th ties (GSA # 8105-00-848-9631 or equivalent) (twenty-five each)  Plastic cover or tarpaulin (to c over dry spills) (GSA # 8135-00-529-6487 or equivalent) (one each)  Respirators—approved with approve d pesticide canisters (two each) NOTICE This may also be used to store the cleanup materials in the rear of the pickup truck during transport. When subcompact vehicl es are involved, supe rvisors will use their judgment in selecting materials to be used.

NOTICE Self-contained breathing apparatus must also be available in operations where methyl bromide (MB) is used.Safety Precautions Safety and Cleanup Materials

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 16-3  Rubber boots—unlined, vinyl (two pairs)  Rubber gloves—unlined, vinyl (four pairs)  Scrub brushes (GSA # 7920-00-068- 7903 or equivalent) (two each)  Shovel—square-point with “D” handle (GSA # 5120-00-224-9326 or equivalent) (one each)  Water container—five-gallon (GSA # 8115-00-145-0038 or equivalent) (one each)Safety Precautions Safety and Cleanup Materials

16-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0104/2013-04 Gypsy Moth Manual 17-1 Chapter 

# 17 Planning for Control Activities

Contents Introduction 17-1 Materials Needed 17-1 Procedure for Control Activities 17-2 Gypsy Moth Planning Calendar 17-7



### Introduction This section is an overview of the step s involved in planning a control project. Included in this section are the following topics:
 Materials needed  Typical planning calendar  Usual procedure for control activities



### Materials Needed The following materials and supplies ar e usually necessary when planning a control project:
 Final Environmental Im pact Statement (FEIS)  For possible insecticide use: marking balloons, helium, and kite string, or GPS (global positioning syst em) in spray aircraft  Information on traps and lure s (for possible mass trapping)  Labels and MSDSs for approved insectic ides (for possible insecticide use)

 List of cooperators and telephone numbers NOTICE
Insecticide Labels and MSDSs on page F-1 and Methods for Gypsy Moth Eradication on page G-1 contain information on those inse cticides approved for eradication projects and those approved for suppression.Planning for Control Activities Procedure for Control Activities

17-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 04/2013-04  Map for marking spray/eradication bloc ks (2 inches per mile or larger scale) (a topographic map—7 1/2 minute—is ideal)  Map showing the results of the delimiting survey  Results from egg-mass surveys or larval trapping  Scoping list of names and addresses



### Procedure for Control Activities Following are the usual steps in planning possible control activities.
Step 1: Gather All Pertinent Data Gather data to make a preliminary dete rmination of the area to be treated and the possible control method. Do not make a final determination until public meetings and other contacts (scopi ng process) is complete and an Environmental Assessme nt (EA) is written.
The necessary data on the size of the area to be treated is based on the following factors:  Data on other life stages (i.e., data from egg-mass surveys and larval trapping)  Host availability  Professional judgment  Trap data (from delimiting survey map)
Using information from the delimiting survey, highlight on a map all those traps with multiple catches. Draw a line between the multiple gypsy moth catch traps on the boundary of the possi ble infestation. The area enclosed within the multiple catch traps roughly outlines the boundaries of the infested area. Determining the size of the infest ation is also based on the data from an egg-mass survey and/or larval trapping. Egg masses usually indicate the core area of the infestation. The size of the area for treatment also depends on host availability and geography as well as prevailing weather (e.g., an infested hilltop may require treatment of an expanded area due to the potential for larval dispersal by wind).
After determining the probable introducti on site of the infestation, try to determine when the gypsy moth arrived. An estimate of the length of time the infestation has been present allows an estimate of how far the infestation may have spread.Planning for Control Activities Procedure for Control Activities

04/2013-04 Gypsy Moth Manual 17-3 The treatment area almost always is larg er than the area infested, but may be smaller than the area in which male moths were caught.

Outline the area for treatment on a map in order to determine the total number of acres to be treated. Remember, infe stations over 640 acres in size are the responsibility of Forest Service (FS) and individual States to eradicate. Infestations found on Federal land or land contiguous to Federal land is the responsibility of FS to eradicate. See Responsibility for Eradication Costs on page 17-3 for determining respons ibility for eradication. Step 2: Meet With Cooperators For each State, a committee consisting of a representative from at least the State, FS, and PPQ should exist. The PPQ Plant Health Director (PHD) will take the lead in arrangi ng meetings. Determine which agency will lead the project. Use Table 17-1 to determine who is responsible for eradication costs.

Step 3: Review Options and a Possible Recommendation for Eradication

FEIS Alternatives During a meeting with all cooperators, re view the FEIS for its alternatives. Select the preferred option based on the na ture of the infestation, its density, and its size. The four alternatives listed in the FEIS are.
1. Biological insecticide treatment 2. Chemical insecticide treatment 3. Integrated pest management 4. No action

NOTICE Treating less than the infested area is only recommended where sufficient survey data is not available to determine the boundaries of the infested area.

Table 17-1 Responsibility for Eradication Costs

If the infestation is: And the infestation is: Then: On Federally owned land FS funds the treatment
On land contiguous (next) to Federally owned land FS and State share the costs of treatment (50% FS/50% State) On non–Federally owned land or not contiguous to Federally owned land 641 acres or greater 640 acres or less APHIS and State share the costs of treatment (50% APHIS/50% cooperator) 1
1 May not always be possible to meet this proportion exactly.Planning for Control Activities Procedure for Control Activities

17-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 04/2013-04 The preferred method of treatment (as st ated by the FEIS) is integrated pest management. Prepare to discuss all alte rnatives considered at future public meetings (as well as any subsequent si te-specific EA). Incl ude “No Action” as an option for consideration.
For additional information on the appr oved methods for eradication, see Methods for Gypsy Moth Eradication on page G-1

. Step 4: Hold a Public Meeting To comply with NEPA, hold a public scopi ng meeting: 1) to provide for public input on issues and concerns; and 2) to limit the scope of th e analysis to be provided by the EA. The purposes of the public scoping meeting are: 1) to get public involvement in the decision-making process; 2) to identify issues of concern; and 3) to provide informat ion on the various options and their consequences.
For information on holdi ng public meetings, see Public Meetings/Public Relations on page I-1 Step 5: Determine Insecticide Application Methods If proposing the use of an insecticide (or insecticides), address the specific selection for the project in the site-spe cific EA. When selecting insecticides, consider the following factors:
 Biological efficiency of the insecticide (or insecticides)  Economic efficiency of the insecticide  Environmentally sensitive sites in the proposed treatment area (e.g., the presence of endangered species in the infested area)  Project objectives
In addition, any selected insecticide must meet the following criteria:  Insecticide must be approved for use in the FEIS, if applications are conducted or financed by APHIS  Insecticide must be registered with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for use against gypsy moth  Insecticide must have a method of a pplication which conforms with label specifications
NOTICE If applications are not conducted or financ ed by APHIS, insecticides used for the certification of Christmas trees or nursery stock do not have to be approved for use in the FEIS.Planning for Control Activities Procedure for Control Activities

04/2013-04 Gypsy Moth Manual 17-5 Most insecticides will be aerially a pplied using fixed-wing aircraft or helicopters. Use only aircraft that ar e highly maneuverable and can operate at low air speeds close to the tree canopy.
Where aerial applications are not appropriate, use ground treatments. Ground treatments are more costly and should onl y be used to treat small, localized infestations. Ground spraying is difficult, especially when treating tall, mature trees. Contact the Otis Methods Develo pment Center if you are considering ground application. Otis Plant Methods Center Building 1398 Otis ANGB, MA 02542 Step 6: Write the Site-Specific EA An eradication project requi res a site-specific EA. In most States, the State agency involved in the eradication effort will prepare or will help prepare the EA.
For information on how to prepare an EA, See Guidelines for Environmental Documents on page H-1

. Step 7: Write Letters for the Administrator’s Signature If a treatment is to be used, write a “Finding of No Significant Impact” (FONSI) 45 days before the beginning of the treatment. Use the examples in Guidelines for Environmental Documents on page H-1 . Mail the FONSI to Environmental Services, USDA-AP HIS, 4700 River Road, Unit 149, Riverdale, MD 20737. In the FONSI, addre ss the specific treatment to be used.
Step 8: Determine When to Begin Application To decide when to start an insecticide treatment, the prefer red method is to use egg hatch. Monitor a caged egg mass to see when eggs begin to hatch. When larvae are found, monitor their size to establish their stage of instar development. Begin treatment when se cond instar larvae begin to appear.

Refer to Identifying Gypsy Moth Early Larv al Instars by Michael L. McManus and Daniel B. Twardus for distinguishing characteristics.Planning for Control Activities Procedure for Control Activities

17-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 04/2013-04 Use Table 17-2 to establish the stage of instar development.

Treat with Bt when larvae are late firs t and early second instar.
Apply Gypcheck only to firs t and early second instars.

All insecticides other than Bt and Gypcheck can be used against first through third instars; however, the most desirable time to treat is when the larvae are late first and early second instars.
Apply pheromones approximately one week before the first flight of the adult male.
If no larvae are found, use foliage deve lopment to decide when to start treatment. Select a preferre d host tree and begin treat ment when leaves have opened one-third to one-hal f of their normal size.

Table 17-3 Planning Calendar for Gypsy Moth Activities on page 17-7 contains a planning calendar showing a timeline for accomplishing specific events. If questions arise when planning a control project, contact Science and Technology (Otis Methods Development Center). They are a resource on control projects Table 17-2 Characteristics of the Early Instars of Gypsy Moth

Instar CHARACTERISTICS Body Color Head Ca psule Color Size First Buff-color at hatching, then black — usually greasy before molt Black 1 mm at hatch, 3–5 mm Second Black with irregular yellow marks Black 5.5–11 mm Third Orange, nearly crown-shaped markings Black 10–15.5 mm
Fourth 5 pairs of blue spots followed by 6 pairs of brick red spots Yellow-mottled with black markings 15–24 mmPlanning for Control Activities Gypsy Moth Planning Calendar

04/2013-04 Gypsy Moth Manual 17-7 

### Gypsy Moth Planning Calendar Table 17-3 Planning Calendar for Gypsy Moth Activities

Date: Event/Task:
November - December PPQ, PHD contacts State officials to determine presence of endangered species December 1 Conduct State Survey Committee meet ing to review delimiting trap data and do the following.  Determine size of (potential?) treatment blocks  Determine lead agency for control project December 15 State agencies meet (e.g., Agricu lture, Parks Co mmission, Natural Resources, Forestry, Conservation, and any other group that may be involved in control activities) Complete Compliance Agreements (CAs) December 31 Determine funding commitmentsJanuary - February Hold public meetings Write draft of site-specific Environmental Assessment (EA) Contact Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to get flyover approval when aircraft are used February 15 Draft site-specific EA for Environmental Services in Riverdale (Unit 141) with a copy to Invasive Spec ies and Pest Management (ISPM) February 16 – March 5 Draft EA reviewed in Riverdale and returned with comments

February - March Complete detailed work plan

March 1 Order insecticide and equipment (maps, balloons) and mark spray blocks on treatment map Contract for aircra ft and insecticide Final EA and Finding of No Significa nt Impact (FONSI) (and possibly aRecord of Decision (ROD) prepared and forwarded to Riverdale. Environmental Services and ISPM approve final EA and forwards to PPQ, Deputy Administrator March 21 Send EA and FONSI (and ROD) for Administrator’s signature 30 days before treatment March 21-31 APHIS Administrator reviews and signs ROD. PPQ forwards original document to State Plant Health Director (SPHD) and forwards copies of thesigned documents to ISPM, the PPQ Regional Office performing Environmental Documentation, and the State cooperator April 1 Begin treatment anytime after the ROD is signed—if conditions are favorablePlanning for Control Activities Gypsy Moth Planning Calendar

17-8 Gypsy Moth Manual 04/2013-0407/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 18-1 Chapter 

# 18 Eradication Using Insecticides

Contents Introduction 18-1 Materials Needed 18-1 Procedure for Eradication Using Insecticides 18-2



### Introduction Eradication by application of insecticides is ofte n done because it will drastically reduce a gypsy moth populat ion. After an initial reduction of a population, other techniques, such as ma ss trapping or rep eated insecticide application, may be used.

This section contains information on: 1) the materials needed; and 2) the procedure for eradicati on using insecticides.



### Materials Needed The following materials are us ually required for eradication:
 Aerial Application Manual  Balloons and helium for small spray blocks  Communication equipment (radios and antennas)  Dye cards (for monitoring spray depos its) or water-sensitive monitoring paper  Equipment to measure relative humid ity (only if maki ng ULV application)  Insecticide(s) to be used  Kytoons, balloons, helium or other guidance technology (e.g., geopositioning systems equipm ent) for large spray blocks  Labels for insecticides being used  Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)Eradication Using Insecticides Procedure for Eradication Using Insecticides

18-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01  Prospectus and contract  Radios  Safety equipment  Topographic maps (1:24,000) or other suitable map of larger scale  Wind meter



### Procedure for Eradication Using Insecticides Step 1: Notify Public of Spraying Approximately one week before the actu al spray day, notify the public, media, and appropriate law enforcement offici als within the spray block. In some cases, it may only be possible to make these notifications two or three days before the treatment due to weather c onditions and the desi rability for exact application timing with the gypsy moths’ biological development.
Step 2: Notify Contractor to Report Notify contractor fi ve to seven days prior to an ticipated starting date or as required by the contract.
Step 3: Check and Calibrate Spray Equipment To check and calibrate the aircraft spray system, use the guidelines in Checking and Calibrating Aircraft on page J-1 . Also check for leaks, dirt, and faulty equipment. If using nozzles, they should be new and made of stainless steel. Do not use brass nozzle tips. The end nozzle’s location should be no more than three-quarters of the wing span. If boom extends more than six inches beyond the end nozzle, the end nozzl e should be fed from the end of the boom by use of a bleed line.Eradication Using Insecticides Procedure for Eradication Using Insecticides

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 18-3 See also Nozzles and Pressures on page K-1

. Step 4: Monitor Weather Conditions

Weather plays an important part in aeria l applications. Wind s may cause spotty coverage within the target area. To re duce drift and to comply with the FEIS, apply insecticides only when wi nds are below 10 miles per hour.
High temperatures, combined with low hum idity, may cause fine sprays, either low volume (LV) or ultra low volume (U LV), to evaporate or drift away without reaching the tree canopy. Apply insecticide only when temperatures are below 80 °F. High temperatures can cause excessive evaporation of the insecticide suspension before it reaches the target. The amount of evaporation depends on the type of insecticide be ing used. When temperatures rise, inversion layers may form in the air a nd prevent insecticid e from depositing on the foliage.
Suspend application when humidity at ground level drop s below 50 percent. At this time, humidity at release point above trees will be much lower and result in excessive evaporation.
Suspend application whenever rain is im minent. After rain, apply insecticides only when the target foliage has dried su fficiently. Follow the insecticide label for instructions on application before or after rainfall.
Suspend application whenever the insect icide is not properly settling in the target area. You can determine the in secticide settling pattern by monitoring dye cards.
The best weather for sprayi ng is usually from dawn until mid-morning (4 a.m. to 10 a.m.). Atmospheric conditions are best for getting proper deposition in treatment areas at these times.
A simple indicator of time to cease is so il/air temperature difference. Take the soil temperature by placing the thermome ter probe on an unshaded site. Shade the thermometer for three minutes before reading. Take the ai r temperature five feet above the surface in the open, but with the thermometer shaded. When soil NOTICE Various weather will prevent or termi nate the application of insecticides: •When high temperatures are above 80 °F when either low volume (LV) or ultra low •volume (ULV) sprays are planned •When humidity is below 50 percent •When insecticide is not properly settling •When winds are above 10 miles per hourEradication Using Insecticides Procedure for Eradication Using Insecticides

18-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 temperature rises above air temperature, the spray pattern generally breaks up and the spray program should cease. If possible, monitor temperature and humidity at thirty to fifty feet above to ps of target trees where aircraft is releasing spray. Step 5: Begin Application

Begin spraying after the w eather and aircraft have been checked and approved. Continue daily spray operations as long as weather conditions permit. Step 6: Monitor Application and Weather Monitor aerial applications by one of the following methods:
1. Observation aircraft flying behind the spray aircraft 2. Ground observers and dye cards (or th e water-sensitive monitoring paper) on the ground
For large treatment blocks, use both methods for monitoring (observation aircraft and dye cards).

Observation Aircraft Observation aircraft are only necessary for large treatments.
Ground Observers and Dye Cards Follow the specific instructions that come with the dye cards or the watersensitive monitoring paper. Use th e monitoring paper to assess spray distribution, droplet density, and droplet size. Remember the droplet size observed on water-sensitive cards is about twice as large as the actual droplet falling through the air. Refer to label or Otis Plant Methods Center Laboratory for proper droplet size.



### ! CAUTION Do not apply insecticides when children are walking to school or waiting for school buses.Eradication Using Insecticides Procedure for Eradication Using Insecticides

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 18-5 If available, make use of a “Swath Ki t” for characterization of aircraft and reading monitoring cards. With some mate rials, a dye must be used to allow the Swath Kit to read individual droplets. Step 7: Maintain Spray Block Map For large spray areas, maintain a Spray Block Map . Following each day of spraying, color all maps to show the tr eated areas. When making two or three applications (as with Bacillus thuringiensis ), draw diagonal li nes on the map to show progress of the fi rst application and cro sshatch for the second application. Indicate the th ird application by shading the area with a solid color. It is helpful to show on the map the number of gallons or pounds of insecticide applied in each block.
Step 8: Conduct a Post-Treatment Survey Conduct a post-treatment survey of the treatment area by using the delimiting survey instructions. Use 16 to 36 traps pe r square mile. Follow the instructions covered under Steps for Conducting a Delimiting Survey on page 3-2

. If no moths are found, declare area erad icated. If a few single catches are made, use mass trapping or one more y ear of delimiting to determine if an infestation remains over the winter. The fo llowing year, either decide to retreat or declare area eradicated.Eradication Using Insecticides Procedure for Eradication Using Insecticides

18-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0101/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 19-1 Chapter 

# 19 Eradication Using Mass Trapping

Contents Mass Trapping Introduction 19-1 Materials Needed 19-1 Procedure for Eradication Using Mass Trapping 19-2


### Mass Trapping Introduction Mass trapping is the only behavioral me thod approved for eradication. Mass trapping is the use of numerous traps in an infested area to lure male moths into the traps and eliminate them. The trappe d male moths are eliminated from the breeding population. Other males will be confused by the lure within the trap. The effect is population re duction and/or eradication.

This section contains information on: 1) the materials needed; and 2) the procedure for eradication using mass trapping.



### Materials Needed The following materials and suppl ies are needed for mass trapping:
 City, township, or topographic maps (s cale 1" = 100–400 ft.) if available, an Agricultural Stabilization and C onservation Service (ASCS) aerial photo maps for rural areas (scale 8" = 1 mile)  Colored pencils for mapping moth finds  Delta traps (plan at least 3 traps, but no more than 10 traps per acre)  Disparlure  First aid kit  Grid overlay, calipers, or ruler  Handouts for homeowners  Small backpack  Staples and stapler for placing trapsEradication Using Mass Trapping Procedure for Eradication Using Mass Trapping

19-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06  Surveyor’s flagging ribbon  Trap site description sheet



### Procedure for Eradication Using Mass Trapping Step 1: Plot Trap Location on a Map Determine the infested area. Mass tr ap at least 400 feet beyond suspected infestation boundaries.
Plot trap locations well in advance of th e trapping season (in the late winter or early spring).
Very detailed maps are requi red because some traps will be as close as 66 feet apart. For residential areas, city ma ps showing lot boundaries on the map (scale 1"= 400’ or less) will be sufficie nt. For rural areas, topographic maps and county ASCS aerial photo maps (8" = 1 mile) are good.
The following table shows inter-trap di stances for the various trap densities used in mass trapping.

Select the trap density to use for ma ss trapping. If the core area of the infestation is known, set traps at a higher trap density in the core area. Table 19-1 Inter-Trap Distances for Mass Trapping

Traps per square acre Inter-trap distance in feet
3 120 4 105 5 95 6 87 7 80 8 75 9 70 10 66

EXAMPLE You’ve delimited a 40-acre gypsy moth infestation and you know from trap data and egg-mass survey that the core of the infestation is about 10 acres. You decide to trap the core area at 10 traps per acre and the surrounding 30 acres at 3 traps per acre. Plot 1 trap every 66 feet in the core area (100 traps) and 1 trap every 120 feet in the surrounding area (90 traps).Eradication Using Mass Trapping Procedure for Eradication Using Mass Trapping

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 19-3 Overlay a uniform grid on a map and mark the grid points based on trap density and the map’s scale. Use a grid to plot trap locations to ensure proper trap distribution.

Once trap locations are on the map, num ber the traps. Consecutively number each trap location within the infested ar ea. In the field, each trap must have a number corresponding to its placement si te. Clearly mark the trap location number on the map. Step 2: Select Sites for Placing Traps Select individual host trees as close to the plotted map location as possible. Try to place all traps on preferred hosts. If a preferred host is not close to the plotted trap site, choose a less desirable hos t at that site. It is more important to place the trap near the plotted location than on a preferred host away from the plotted site. Host trees are grouped according to gypsy moth preference and are as follows. NOTICE Do not randomly place traps in the infested area.Eradication Using Mass Trapping Procedure for Eradication Using Mass Trapping

19-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06 Step 3: Set Traps

The timing for setting traps is critical. Set all traps before male moths emerge. One way to estimate when males will emerge is to check the records for the earliest date native males have been caught in previous years. Also, follow pest reports (e.g., IPHIS Bulletin Board) of recent gypsy moth fi nds in areas south of your location. Place all traps before the males emerge.
The approximate locations of trap s are already mark ed on a map. Use discretion in selecting the be st trap site within an ar ea of no more than halfway to surrounding trap sites.
Trap Placement When placing traps, use the following rules.
1. Place traps four to five feet high on tree trunks because most gypsy moths fly near ground level. Place traps on trunks rather than branches because traps on trunks catch up to six times mo re moths than traps on branches. In areas frequented by small children or li vestock, place the trap out of their reach. Table 19-2 Hosts Preferred by All Larval Instars

 Apple  Aspen  Basswood  Birch (except yellow and black)  Boxelder  Larch  Linden  Mountain ash  Oaks (all types)  Speckled alder  Sweet gun  Willow

Table 19-3 Hosts of Later Larval Stages

 Beech  Blueberry  Chestnut  Hemlock  Pine  Spruce

Table 19-4 Hosts Larvae Avoid

 Arborvitae  Ash  Azalea  Balsam fir  Butternut  Cedar  Dogwood  Elder  Currant  Grape  Holly  Honeysuckle  Horse chestnut  Juniper  Locust 1  Maple 1  Poison ivy  Red cedar  Sycamore  Tulip poplar  Yellow poplar
1 If host selection is limited, gypsy moth larvae will feed on these trees.Eradication Using Mass Trapping Procedure for Eradication Using Mass Trapping

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 19-5 2. If possible, place traps in shady areas. Do not set the trap where foliage or branches will block the trap openings. 3. Complete trap record sheets. Mark the trap number (from the map) and date on the trap before leaving the site.
The distance between traps depends on th e selected trapping density. Whatever the density, place the traps in a uniform array. Step 4: Check the Traps After setting all traps, check them on a regular schedule. For the core area, check at least once a week; for the surr ounding area, check at least every one to two weeks. Check traps more frequently when determining the timing of male emergence (pupae to adult) or when the risk of infestation or vandalism is likely.
Plan your trap checking rout e before leaving the office . Select a route using an efficient trap run.
When checking traps, have a supply of replacement traps on hand. If replacing a trap, number the replacement trap wi th the same location number as the original trap and an indicator that the trap is a replacement.

When checking traps, look for the following. 1. Check overall trap conditi on and replace damaged traps. 2. When a trap contains a suspect mo th, note the find on the survey map and field record form. (Each trapper wi ll notify the supervisor according to local policy. 3. Record the trap inspection by noting the date on the trap and the trap record. 4. Identify each trap with the map plotted trap number.
Check the traps by opening one triangular end. Look into the trap to see if there are any male moths. If the trap is full of male moths, remove and replace the NOTICE Before assigning personnel to check traps, train the personnel to identify male gypsy moths.Eradication Using Mass Trapping Procedure for Eradication Using Mass Trapping

19-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-06 trap. Number the replacement trap with the same number as the original trap and an indicator that the trap is a replacement, e.g., #321R. Step 5: Submit Gypsy Moth Specimens Submit the whole trap with the suspect moth to the supervisor or designated identifier for identification. Write the following information for each positive trap.

1. State 2. County 3. Town 4. Trap number 5. Trap tender’s name or identification number 6. Date 7. Host plant Step 6: Remove Traps At the end of the trapping season, rem ove all set traps and examine each for male moths. Carefully look for missing traps. If the trap number cannot be read, write the trap number on the trap (s o when examining the trap back at the office, the find can be located).
When removing the trap, remove all othe r materials (staples, nails) used in trapping. Also, remove all flagging tape.
Deliver or mail each trap with suspect male moths to the officer/identifier responsible for mass trapping.
Flatten empty used traps and dispose of by burning in an incinerator or by burying at a sanitary landfill. Step 7: Report Mass Trapping Results See GM Data Collection on page D-1 for instructions on reporting mass trapping data into NAPIS. Do not report into NAPIS until all the data have been collected and summar ized by county. NAPIS reports will summarize mass trapping results by county.
Step 8: Complete Survey Maps Record all positive trap catches on the survey field map. Use the survey maps with positive and negative finds for postseason revi ew and decision making. If necessary, use moth catch patterns for planning egg-mass surveys.Eradication Using Mass Trapping Procedure for Eradication Using Mass Trapping

01/2014-06 Gypsy Moth Manual 19-7 At the end of the season, make perman ent maps by transferring information from the field maps. Be neat, cl ear, and accurate when transferring information. It is very important that mass trapping results are correct on the map. Step 9: Interpret Results If mass trapping is successful, mass trappi ng will catch a large percentage of the male gypsy moths. Interpret the results of the trap catches. Multiple catches of gypsy moth in multiple traps will warrant conducting an egg-mass survey. Light infestations in excelle nt habitat or heavy infest ations warrant insecticide treatment of the infested area in the next year.
Consider the following factors in interpreting mass trapping:  Data on other life stages  Geographical features of the area  Host type and availability  Professional judgment  Trap data
Even if the mass trapping effort is not su ccessful in eradicating the infestation, the information gathered will provide a much better picture of the area and density of the infest ation. Since traps are placed at least every 120 feet (3 traps per acre), moths will most likely travel a short distance before getting into a trap, thereby allowing a better delimiting of the infestation.Eradication Using Mass Trapping Procedure for Eradication Using Mass Trapping

19-8 Gypsy Moth Manual 01/2014-0607/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 20-1 Chapter 

# 20 Transition Area Section Introduction

Contents Introduction to Transition Area 20-1 Significance of the Transition Area 20-2 Transition Area De finitions 21-1 Survey Activities 22-1 Transition Area Regulatory Activities 23-1 Criteria for Transfer of Areas 24-1



### Introduction to Transition Area APHIS considers the Transition Area to be between the quara ntine area and the noninfested area. The quarant ine area is characterized by a virtually continuous gypsy moth population that often reaches outbreak levels. The noninfested area lacks an established gypsy moth populat ion. The transition area is usually characterized by discontinuous, low-de nsity gypsy moth populations that do not reach outbreak levels. The purpose of th is section is to provide guidelines for APHIS activities in the transition area
Therefore, this section contains information on the following topics:  Background information on the c oncept of the transition area  Criteria for transferring an area from the transition area to the quarantine
area  Regulatory activities in the transition area  Survey activities in the transition area
Previously, APHIS had not attempted to manage gypsy moth populations in the transition area. Now, APHIS will suppo rt a modified level of survey and appropriate regulatory activities in th e transition area. Surv eys will determine when a county should no longer be listed in the transition area but in theTransition Area Section Introduction Significance of the Transition Area

20-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 generally infested quarantine area. Re gulatory activities will prevent the shipment of infested items from the transition area.



### Significance of the Transition Area Because of natural spread, each area within the tran sition area will probably become generally infested. The rate of natural dispersal has averaged about 13 miles per year. While this rate is a fa irly accurate estimation along the entire border of the quarantine area, the rate of dispersal can vary considerably in specific areas.
APHIS policy is not to attempt to reta rd the natural dispersal of the gypsy moth. APHIS considers the transition area to be subject to repeated introductions from the quarantine area; th erefore, infestations in the transition area are not usually considered isolated infestations. As a consequence, APHIS will not try to eradicate most gypsy moth infestations in the transition area.

APHIS will monitor the transition area by conducting surveys. The results of the surveys will determine when specific areas in the transition area become generally infested. At that time, these specific quarantine areas will become part of the quarantine area.
Generally, political divisions, such as c ounties, are used to define the transition area. The transition area usually ex tends approximately 50 miles beyond the border of the generally infested quarant ine area. However, the transition area may vary from 25 to 75 miles dependi ng on the borders of the political divisions.
Beyond the quarantine area and transiti on area, APHIS will continue to conduct detection surveys to find isolated infestations that w ill be eradicated. NOTICEThe information in this section on the transition area applies only to the North American gypsy moth (NAGM) not to the Asian gypsy moth (AGM). Fo r information on the AGM, consult the section on the AGM.07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 21-1 Chapter 

# 21 Transition Area Definitions

To fully understand the concept of the transition area, seve ral terms must be defined; these terms appear below. 

### Artificial Dispersal Artificial dispersal is dispersal by other than natural means; that is, artificial dispersal is dispersal thr ough human activity such as the movement of infested commercial products, infested vehi cles, and infested outdoor household articles.


### Quarantine Area A Quarantine Area is an area where gypsy moth is established, that is, maintaining a reproducing population. In theory, all Quarantine Areas should be in the Quarantine Area; however, due to various causes, such as processing delays and political challenges, the Quarantine Areas may not be in the Quarantine Areas. A quarantine area is an area under quarantine because plants, plant products, and other articles are likely to be infested. The movement of these possibly infested articl es is regulated to prevent the spread of, in this case, gypsy moth. 

### Natural Dispersal Natural dispersal is disper sal that occurs through natu ral means, such as the windblown movement of the first-instar larvae; natural dispersal is dispersal without the influence of human activity.


### Noninfested Area A noninfested area is an area outside of the quarantine area and beyond the transition area; the noninfested area is the area where the gypsy moth is not established. 

### Regulated Article(s) A Regulated Article is any conveyance, container, or any other object or material capable of harbori ng or spreading plant pests.Transition Area Definitions

21-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 For the gypsy moth, Regulated Articles include the following: nursery stock; logs; pulpwood; woodchips; Outdoor H ousehold Articles (OHAs); mobile homes; and any other products, articles, or vehicles that present a high risk of artificial dispersal. 

### Transition Area The transition area is the area beyond th e border of the quarantine area (the quarantine area) into which the gypsy mo th will spread by natural dispersal.07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 22-1 Chapter 

# 22 Survey Activities

Contents Introduction to Transition Area Survey Activities 22-1 Trap Surveys 22-1 Egg-Mass Surveys 22-2



### Introduction to Transi tion Area Survey Activities Within the transition area, it is critically important to detect infestations as early as possible. Early detection of infe stations will prevent the movement of infested articles from the transition area.

To detect infestations in the transiti on area, several survey types are useful:  Egg-mass surveys  Larval trapping  Trap surveys



### Trap Surveys Initiating Factors Trap surveys are performed to locate established populations in the transition area. If resources permit, the trap surveys are performed throughout the transition area; if resources are limite d, trap surveys are performed in areas near the generally infested quarantine area.
In addition to locating infe stations, the trap survey will help determine when a county in the transition area should be shifted to the quarantine area. 

### Recommended Trapping Density The recommended trapping density is either of the following:
 3-mile grid—equal to 1 trap per 9 square miles  5-km grid (3.1-mile)—equal to 1 trap per 9.6 square milesSurvey Activities Egg-Mass Surveys

22-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Trapping Period A trapping period from June 1st to Oc tober 1st is generally recommended. However, local climatic conditions will affect the starting and ending trapping dates. 

### Trap Type In a trap survey, use either delta traps or milk-carton traps. For consistency and comparability of trapping results, use only one type of trap within a State. 

### Trap Servicing Frequency As a minimum, service delta traps on ce a month. Servicing more frequently, once every two weeks, is recommended. If traps are likely to be vandalized, trap servicing once every two weeks is recommended.


### Moth Identification If the suspect moths were trapped where Asian gypsy moths are not likely to be introduced, send the suspect moths to a designated trained identifier.



### Egg-Mass Surveys Initiating Factors Egg-mass surveys are desirable when: 1) egg masses are the only life stage present; and 2) populations are high e nough to make the effort worthwhile.
A basic problem with egg-mass surveys is that egg-mass surveys usually will not detect low-level populations. 

### Egg-Mass Survey Methods The two egg-mass survey methods used ar e: 1) the targeted visual survey method; and 2) the small-plot method. Bo th these methods were described in Other Survey Tools on page 4-1

.07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 23-1 Chapter 

# 23 Transition Area Regulatory Activities

Contents Introduction to Transition Area Regulatory Activities 23-1 Inspections in High-Risk Areas 23-1 Nurseries and Regulatory Activities 23-2 Mills/Log Yards and Regulatory Activities 23-2 Logging Operations and Regulatory Activities 23-2 Christmas Tree Plantations and Regulatory Activities 23-2


### Introduction to Transition Area Regulatory Activities To delay the long-distance spread of th e gypsy moth, the policy of APHIS is to prevent the establishment of isolated infe stations. Usually, is olated infestations result from artificial dispersal, not na tural dispersal. Artificial dispersal is dispersal by human activity through the m ovement of infested articles, such as Outdoor Household Articles (OHAs) and commercial products. Articles likely to be infested and moved are listed as Re gulated Articles. Therefore, to prevent artificial movement, APHI S enforces quarantines on Regulated Articles, which are likely to be infested, when they are moved from infested areas to noninfested areas. Because sites in the tr ansition area may be infested or will soon be infested, APHIS will conduct a ppropriate regulatory activities in the transition area.



### Inspections in High-Risk Areas High-risk sites will require inspecti ons under Compliance Agreements (CAs).
Several sites are, by their nature, high risk.  Christmas tree plantations  Mills/log yards  NurseriesTransition Area Regulatory Activities Nurseries and Regulatory Activities

23-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Nurseries and Regulatory Activities When infested nursery stock and plant pr oducts are distributed, it is extremely difficult to regain control of the situat ion. Therefore, nurseries in the transition area, particularly those dealing in pr eferred hosts, must be inspected often enough to ensure that infested material is not being shipped—at least once in the spring, after egg hatch when the larvae would be feeding; at least once in the fall, after egg laying.
Besides a visual examination of pl ant products and the growing plants, trapping should be done in the vicinity of the nursery to detect the presence of gypsy moth.
Some examples of plants and plant produc ts that should be examined follow:  Balled-in-burlap stock  Bare-root stock (usually a minor problem)  Containerized plants  Garden structures (she ds, fences, posts, etc.)



### Mills/Log Yards and Regulatory Activities Mills often receive or ship timber with attached bark; in addition, mills often ship finished products, such as board s and posts, with attached bark. The attached bark may harbor egg masses. The mills must be under CAs. Trapping is desirable near mills to detect the presence of the gypsy moth.



### Logging Operations and Regulatory Activities Logging operations must be surveyed unde r CAs. During the examination of a logging site, examine both fell ed trees and standing trees to detect the presence of gypsy moth.



### Christmas Tree Plantations and Regulatory Activities Christmas tree plantations must be ex amined to detect the presence of gypsy moth. A common means of dispersal for the gypsy moth is the movement of Christmas trees infested with egg masses to noninfested areas.Transition Area Regulatory Activities Christmas Tree Plantations and Regulatory Activities

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 23-3Transition Area Regulatory Activities Christmas Tree Plantations and Regulatory Activities

23-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0107/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 24-1 Chapter 

# 24 Criteria for Transfer of Areas

Contents Criteria for Transfer of Areas from the Transition Area 24-1 Trap Survey Results (Male Moths Alone) 24-1 Trap Survey and Other Survey Results 24-1 Updating the Transition Area Map 24-2 Logging Operations and Regulatory Activities 24-2 State and National Parks and Re gulatory Activities 24-3



### Criteria for Transfer of Ar eas from the Transition Area The decision to transfer an area from th e transition area to the quarantine area will be based on the detection of a su fficient number of male moths and/or other life stages to support a State and Fe deral consensus that the area is indeed generally infested. 

### Trap Survey Result s (Male Moths Alone) When more than 10 male moths are ca ught in the majority of traps placed throughout the area for 2 consecutive years, consider transferring the infested area from the transition area to the quarantine area.
Remember, the transfer will require consensus between Federal and State officials. 

### Trap Survey and Other Survey Results When: 1) adult trapping captures multiple male moths; and 2) either egg-mass surveys or larval trapping detect a lif e stage other than the adult, consider transferring the infested ar ea from the transition area to the quarantine area. Adult trapping should show 10 or more male moths caught in the majority of the traps placed throughout th e area. The presence of a life stage other than the adult moth confirms the exis tence of a reproducing population.
Remember, the transfer will require consensus between Federal and State officialsCriteria for Transfer of Areas Updating the Transition Area Map

24-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Egg-Mass Survey Results When multiple egg masses are detected as the result of an egg-mass survey, consider the transfer of an infested area in transition area to the quarantine
area. Remember, the transfer will require consensus between Federal and State officials.

If the suspect moths were trapped wher e Asian gypsy moths are likely to be introduced, send the suspect gypsy moths to the Otis Methods Center for DNA analysis: Otis Plant Methods Center Building 1398 Otis ANGB, MA 02542


### Updating the Transition Area Map After a decision has been reached, immedi ately report all transfers to Invasive Species and Pest Management, Riverdal e, MD. Using this new information, Invasive Species and Pest Management will then deve lop transition area maps showing the quarantine area, the current transition area, and noninfested areas.
On the transition area maps, colors will indicate the status of areas:  Red—quarantine area  Yellow—transition area  White—noninfested area



### Logging Operations and Regulatory Activities Logging operations must be surveyed under Compliance Agreements (CAs). During the examination of a logging si te, examine both felled trees and standing trees to detect the presence of gypsy moth. Table 24-1 Trap Survey and Other Survey Results

If the adul t trapping detects If the other survey detects: Then:

Less than 10 moths in the

majority of traps No other life stages ? (Do nothing?)Another life stage ? Consider transfer to transition area More than 10 moths in the

majority of traps No other life stages ?Another life stage ? Consider transfer to transition areaCriteria for Transfer of Areas State and National Parks and Regulatory Activities

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual 24-3 

### State and National Parks and Regulatory Activities State and National Parks must be examin ed to detect the presence of gypsy moth. A common means of dispersal for the gypsy moth is the movement of infested vehicles at the parks.Criteria for Transfer of Areas State and National Parks and Regulatory Activities

24-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0104/2013-04 Gypsy Moth Manual 25-1 Chapter 

# 25 Asian Gypsy Moth

Contents Asian Gypsy Moth Background 25-1 Asian Gypsy Moth Policy 25-2 Asian Gypsy Moth Documents 25-2 Asian Gypsy Moth Emergency Program Manual 25-2 Ship Inspection Guidelines – Asian Gypsy Moth 25-2 Asian Gypsy Moth (AGM) Ve ssel Alert List 25-2 APHIS Factsheet – Asian Gypsy Moth 25-2


### Asian Gypsy Moth Background The Asian gypsy moth (AGM) is a strain of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar , found in Asia which has some, if not al l, of the following characteristics:
 Broader host range  Faster rate of development  Females capable of strong, directed flight  Reduced chill requirement before egg hatch  Tendency to oviposit near light sources
The AGM will probably successfully establish because of its broader host range; in addition, defoliation may in crease as AGM or its hybrids exploit hosts of marginal value to the European gypsy moth currently in North America.
Because the AGM females are capable of strong, directed flight, there would be increased population mobility and an increased rate of natural spread
Because AGM females tend to oviposit near light sources, the “nuisance” factor of the gypsy moth would increase.Asian Gypsy Moth Asian Gypsy Moth Policy

25-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 04/2013-04 

### Asian Gypsy Moth Policy APHIS has adopted the following policy on the AGM.
 If the AGM is introduced, APHIS will seek to eradicate the infestation  APHIS will exclude the AGM by lo wering the risks at the points of origins and at the points of arrival  APHIS will monitor ports and other hi gh-risk sites to immediately detect introductions  APHIS will support research us ing diagnostic genetic markers



### Asian Gypsy Moth Documents Asian Gypsy Moth Emergency Program Manual At present, the procedures to deal with the Asian Gyps y Moth are in a separate document, the Asian Gypsy Moth Emergency Program Manual . The Asian Gypsy Moth Emergency Program Manual contains information on survey, regulatory, and control procedures. 

### Ship Inspection Guidelines – Asian Gypsy Moth For information on procedures for identif ying high-risk vessel s and procedures for handling the high-risk vessels, refer to Special Procedures for Suspect Asian Gypsy Moth (AGM) Ships

. 

### Asian Gypsy Moth (AGM) Vessel Alert List For a list of vessels, refer to 2011 Asian Gypsy Moth (AGM) High-Risk Vessel List (Certificate Required) – Russia

. 

### APHIS Factsheet – Asian Gypsy Moth For basic information on AGM, refer to APHIS Factsheet – Asian Gypsy Moth

.07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual A-1 Appendix 

# A Appendix A
Leaflets and Other Materials on the Gypsy Moth

To provide information on the gypsy mot h, various leaflets and pamphlets are available from State and Federal agenci es. Among the leaflets and pamphlets suitable for use are the following materials:
 Gypsy moth—Forest Insect and Di sease Leaflet 162, United States Department of Agriculture Forest Servic e. This leaflet is available at the following Web site http://www.na.fs.fed.us/SPFO/pubs /fidls/gypsymoth/gypsy.htm  Gypsy moth—Pest Alert NA-FB/P-21, United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service  Comparison of Pesticides for Gypsy Moth Control —this leaflet is available at the following Web site. http://www.forestpests.org/PAlertGM/PAlertGM.html  Gypsy Moth Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus —this pesticide fact sheet is available at the following Web site. http://www.fs.fed.us/ne/morganto wn/4557/gmoth/manag/gypchek.htmlAppendix A

A-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0102/2013-03 Gypsy Moth Manual B-1 Appendix 

# B Appendix B
Map of Generally Infested Areas

Each year an updated map showing quara ntine areas is issued. This updated map is to be considered part of the Gypsy Moth Program Manual

. To view a map showing quarantine areas in the United States, click here

. To view a list of quarant ine areas in Canada, click here

.Appendix B

B-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 02/2013-0307/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual C-1 Appendix 

# C Appendix C
How to Assemble Traps

Contents Materials for Assembling Delta Traps C-1 Procedures for Assembling Delta Traps C-2 Materials for Assembling Milk Carton Traps C-5 Procedures for Assembling Milk Carton Traps C-5


### Materials for Assembling Delta Traps Gather the following materials:
 Delta trap  Disparlure dispenser (string or strip)  Paper clips  Stapler  Staples, wire, hammer, nails, or string for hanging the trapAppendix C Procedures for Assembling Delta Traps

C-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Procedures for Assembling Delta Traps Use the following instructions for assembling the delta trap.
Step 1: Staple the Lure to the “X” on the Nonsticky Side Step 2: Pull the Trap Open; Pull Sticky Sides Away from Each Other

Step 3: Fold the Trap into a Triangle Fold top flap over and staple or paper clip together Figure C-1 Example of Step 2 for Assembling Delta TrapsAppendix C Procedures for Assembling Delta Traps

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual C-3 Step 4: Fold In Corners at Both Ends

Step 5: Fold In Sides at Both Ends Figure C-2 Example of Step 3 for Assembling Delta Traps

Figure C-3 Example of Step 4 for Assembling Delta TrapsAppendix C Procedures for Assembling Delta Traps

C-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Step 6: Hang or Staple Trap in Place (4 to 5 Feet Off the Ground) Figure C-4 Example of Step 5 for Assembling Delta Traps

Figure C-5 Example of Step 6 for Assembling Delta TrapsAppendix C Materials for Assembling Milk Carton Traps

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual C-5 

### Materials for Assembling Milk Carton Traps Gather the following materials to assemble a milk carton trap:
 Cotton twine (20 ply or stronger) or flexible wire for hanging trap  DDVP strip (insecticide also called Vapona strip)  Disparlure dispenser  Seven-inch twist tie (available in most garden stores)  Stapling pliers  Trap body  Trap hood



### Procedures for Assembling Milk Carton Traps Use the following instructions for assembling the milk carton trap.
Step 1: Pop Out the Paper Inserts From the Eight Entry Ports of the Trap Body and Crease Body Lines Several Times Step 2: Open, Invert, then Fit the Bottom Together (A) Fasten the bottom with stapling pliers (B).Appendix C Procedures for Assembling Milk Carton Traps

C-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Step 3: Pop Out the Center Insert of the Trap Hood Crease all tabs up, and cr ease all solid lines. Slid e the hood (shiny side up) over the body from the top until it goes belo w the slits above the trap entrances. Slide the hood upwards so the semicircular tabs on the hood slide into the slits. Staple the tabs to the trap body with stapling pliers.
Step 4: Staple the Insecticide Strip (DDVP strip also called Vapona strip) onto One End of a Seven-Inch Strip of Twist Tie Use the outer package or rubber gloves to handle the insecticide strip. Handle the insecticide strip as little as possible. Staple the disparlure perpendicular to the twist tie and about 2 1/2 inches above the insecticide strip. Fold over the top inch of the twist tie. Figure C-6 Example of Step 2 for Assembling Milk Carton TrapsAppendix C Procedures for Assembling Milk Carton Traps

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual C-7 Step 5: Insert the Twist Tie into the Trap Body Leaving the Top Inch Folded Over the Trap Top Place the insecticide and disparlure near the center of the trap. Place the top of the twist tie just behind where the pour s pout will open. Staple the twist tie to the top half of the milk cart on that is not the pour spout.

Step 6: Fold the Top Ends of the Trap in Toward the Center of the Trap Making the Two Sides Parallel to One Another The end with the crease is the pour s pout—do not staple the top portion of the pour spout end. To close the trap, staple th e top of the other half of the trap and use a binder clip or twist tie to secure the pour spout. Figure C-7 Example of Step 4 for Assembling Milk Carton Traps

Figure C-8 Example of Step 5 for Assembling Milk Carton TrapsAppendix C Procedures for Assembling Milk Carton Traps

C-8 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Step 7: Staple a 24-Inch Length of Cotton Twine (20 Ply or Stronger) to the Top Center of the Milk Carton Hang the trap 4 to 5 feet above ground level away from obstructive branches and foliage.
To service the trap, open the pour spout , empty trap contents, and close the spout. Figure C-9 Example of Step 7 for Assembling Milk Carton Traps05/2013-05 Gypsy Moth Manual D-1 Appendix 

# D Appendix D

GM Data Collection

Contents Introduction D-1 Detection Surveys D-2 Gypsy Moth 2013 Detection Survey Template D-2 Standard Template Fields D-3 Custom Fields for Gypsy Moth 2013 Detection Survey Template D-3 Delimiting Surveys D-4 Gypsy Moth 2013 Delimiting Survey Template D-4 Standard Template Fields D-5 Custom Fields for Gypsy Moth 2013 De limiting Survey Template D-5 Port And Waterway Surveys D-6 Gypsy Moth 2013 Port and Waterway Monitoring Templates D-6 Standard Template Fields D-7 Custom Fields for Gypsy Moth 2013 Port and Waterway Monitoring Templates D-7 Adding Custom Fields D-8 Gypsy Moth Regulatory Activities D-8 Quality Assurance D-8 Comments/feedback D-8 Gypsy Moth Trap Sheet – 2013 Survey D-9



### Introduction The Integrated Plant Health Information System (IPHIS) will be the official system to collect gypsy moth survey data for FY 2013. 1
 All data from PPQ and PPQ-funded gypsy moth surveys must be entered into IPHIS using this template or a customized version of this template, with the exception of those states currently using the Slow-the-Spread (STS) database to record all of their data.  For those States using IPHIS, survey data does not have to go into the National Agricultural Pest Information System (NAPIS) this year. However, if you want a complete Pest Tracker map for your state, you will have to continue using NAPIS. If you choose to use NAPIS, you must also enter data into IPHIS since the two system s do not interact at this point.

1 With the exception of those States currently using the Slow-the-Spread database.Appendix D Detection Surveys

D-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 05/2013-05  Template content is the same as last year; however, templates have been updated to represent the current survey year. This is necessary since old templates cannot be hidden in IPHIS at this point and relying on just version numbers can be confusing.


### Detection Surveys The FY 2013 detection survey IPHIS template is called “Gypsy Moth 2013 Detection Survey” (template version 38). A trap sheet to record data has been created for your c onvenience (see Gypsy Moth Trap Sheet – 2013 Survey ). 

### Gypsy Moth 2013 Detection Survey Template See Figure D-1 for an example.

Figure D-1 Gypsy Moth 2013 Detection Survey TemplateAppendix D Detection Surveys

05/2013-05 Gypsy Moth Manual D-3 

### Standard Template Fields  Method (required): Trapping, Visual  Action (required)  If Trapping selected: Inaccessible, Install, Monitor, Remove (etc.), Replace (etc.)  If Visual selected: Count, Inaccessible, Inspect  Host Name (required): Not applicable  Host names can be entered into the comment field or a custom field, if needed by an office. The decision to not list host na mes was based on several factors, including the large number of possible hosts; the fact that traps may be hung on poles, buildin gs, etc. in addition to host; and the identification skills of those se tting traps and/or conducting visual inspections.  Tool Identifier (optional): Can use to record additional trap identification information; trap number should be recorded in Site name.  Tool Name (optional): Paper Delta Tra p, 2 sticky sides; Milk Carton Trap; Tar paper or Burlap  Tar paper and burlap are used for larval surveys  Though an optional field, this information is useful for future supply ordering  Lure Name (optional): Gypsy Moth Laminate Lure, Gypsy Moth String Lure  Though an optional field, this information is useful for future supply ordering  Symptoms: Not active for gypsy moth  Comments (optional) 

### Custom Fields for Gypsy Moth 2013 Detection Survey Template The custom fields were selected to help better track what activities are being conducted in the field for program review and future planning. Though “Detection trap density” is optional, it is appreciated if surveyors fill in the information.
 Survey category (required): AGM- trapping, AGM-visu al, EGM Category 1 (high risk), EGM Category 2 (mode rate risk), EGM Category 3 (low risk), EGM Category S (spe cial site), EGM-visual  EGM categories are based on the Gypsy Moth Manual  Detection trap density (optional): 1/sq mi, 1/4 sq mi, 4/sq mi, 9/sq mi, 25 sq/mi, 36 sq/mi, OtherAppendix D Delimiting Surveys

D-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 05/2013-05 

### Delimiting Surveys The FY 2013 delimiting survey IPHIS template is called “Gypsy Moth 2013 Delimiting Survey” (template version 39). A trap sheet to record data has been created for your c onvenience (see Gypsy Moth Trap Sheet – 2013 Survey ). 

### Gypsy Moth 2013 Delimit ing Survey Template See Figure D-2 for an example.

Figure D-2 Gypsy Moth 2013 Delimiting Survey TemplateAppendix D Delimiting Surveys

05/2013-05 Gypsy Moth Manual D-5 

### Standard Template Fields  Method (required): Trapping, Visual  Action (required)  If Trapping selected: Inaccessible, Install, Monitor, Remove (etc.), Replace (etc.)  If Visual selected: Count, Inaccessible, Inspect  Host Name (required): Not applicable  Host names can be entered into the comment field or a custom field, if needed by an office. The decision to not list host na mes was based on several factors, including the large number of possible hosts; the fact that traps may be hung on poles, buildin gs, etc. in addition to host; and the identification skills of those se tting traps and/or conducting visual inspections.  Tool Identifier (optional): Can use to record additional trap identification information; trap number should be recorded in Site name.  Tool Name (optional): Paper Delta Tra p, 2 sticky sides; Milk Carton Trap; Tar paper or Burlap  Tar paper and burlap are used for larval surveys  Though an optional field, this information is useful for future supply ordering  Lure Name (optional): Gypsy Moth Laminate Lure, Gypsy Moth String Lure  Though an optional field, this information is useful for future supply ordering  Symptoms: Not active for gypsy moth  Comments (optional) 

### Custom Fields for Gyp sy Moth 2013 Delimiting Survey Template The custom fields were selected to help better track what activities are being conducted in the field for program re view and future planning. Though some of the fields are optional, it is apprecia ted if surveyors fill in the information.
 Lymantria target (required): AGM, EGM  Delimit purpose (optional): Genera l, Post-treatment, Pre-treatment  Survey type (optional): Egg mass survey, Larval survey, Trapping  Delimiting trap density (optional): 16/sq mi, 25 sq/mi, 36 sq/mi, OtherAppendix D Port And Waterway Surveys

D-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 05/2013-05 

### Port And Waterway Surveys There are two port and waterway survey templates in IPHIS for gypsy moth in FY 2013: “Gypsy Moth 2013 Port and Waterway Monitoring Inside the Quarantine” (template version 40) a nd “Gypsy Moth 2013 Port and Waterway Monitoring Outside the Quarantine” (template version 41). 

### Gypsy Moth 2013 Port and Waterway Monitoring Templates See Figure D-3 for an example (both templates look the same).

Figure D-3 Gypsy Moth 2013 Port and Waterway Monitoring TemplateAppendix D Port And Waterway Surveys

05/2013-05 Gypsy Moth Manual D-7 

### Standard Template Fields  Method (required): Trapping, Visual  Action (required)  If Trapping selected: Inaccessible, Install, Monitor, Remove (etc.), Replace (etc.)  If Visual selected: Count, Inaccessible, Inspect  Host Name (required): Not applicable  Host names can be entered into the comment field or a custom field, if needed by an office. The decision to not list host na mes was based on several factors, including the large number of possible hosts; the fact that traps may be hung on poles, buildin gs, etc. in addition to host; and the identification skills of those se tting traps and/or conducting visual inspections.  Tool Identifier (optional): Can use to record additional trap identification information; trap number should be recorded in Site name.  Tool Name (optional): Paper Delta Tra p, 2 sticky sides; Milk Carton Trap; Tar paper or Burlap  Tar paper and burlap are used for larval surveys  Though an optional field, this information is useful for future supply ordering  Lure Name (optional): Gypsy Moth Laminate Lure, Gypsy Moth String Lure  Though an optional field, this information is useful for future supply ordering  Symptoms: Not active for gypsy moth  Comments (optional) 

### Custom Fields for Gypsy Moth 2013 Port and Waterway Monitoring Templates The custom field was selected to help better track what activities are being conducted in the field for program review and reporting.
 Port name (optional): This is a text field to help show what surveys support a certain port survey. Office s are encouraged to provide naming guidelines to their staff and do qualit y assurance on any data coming in to ensure correct spellings and/or abbr eviations are used. A drop down list was not used since scrolling through th e list would be cumbersome since there are so many ports in the U.S.Appendix D Adding Custom Fields

D-8 Gypsy Moth Manual 05/2013-05 

### Adding Custom Fields Because the system template will not meet everyone’s needs, individual offices may add custom fields. Plea se keep in mind the foll owing when adding custom fields:
 Please let your SPHD/Field Operati ons Gypsy Moth Manager know of any added custom fields so it can be evaluated for inclusion in the national system template for future years. If it works for one office, it may be useful for another.  Keep in mind that adding custom fields can affect reporting. Please avoid adding custom fields that are similar to existing fiel ds to avoid issues in reviewing data. If you need changes to an existing field, please let your SPHD/ Field Operations Gypsy Moth Manager know.


### Gypsy Moth Regulatory Activities All gypsy moth compliance agreements should be entered into IPHIS as soon as possible. The basic agreement is cu stomizable. In addition, all compliance inspections should also be recorded in IPHIS. Instructions are available in IPHIS Message Forums>Gypsy Moth >Gypsy Moth Regulatory Data.


### Quality Assurance All offices are expected to review the data inputted into IPHIS for accuracy. This is essential to ensure the data in the system accura tely portrays field activities so that reports are correct as these will be used for future program review and planning.



### Comments/feedback Data collection in IPHIS for gypsy moth is still growing. Therefore, it is still a developing process. If you have questi ons, comments, or suggestions for the Gypsy Moth 2013 templates, please el evate them through the appropriate channels for consideration. Thank you!Appendix D Gypsy Moth Trap Sheet – 2013 Survey

05/2013-05 Gypsy Moth Manual D-9 

### Gypsy Moth Trap Sheet – 2013 Survey

Figure D-4 Gypsy Moth Trap Sheet – 2013 Survey Gypsy Moth Trap Sheet – 2013 Survey

1. Date Set* :_____ ____ Date Serviced* : __________ Date Picked up* : ________ Trap Fallen/Replaced Date : _______ Sampled (Y/N) : __________ Sampled (Y/N) : ________ Trap Fallen/Replaced Date : _______ No. Specimens : __________ No. Specimens : ________

2. Location – Site* :

_____________________
3. Contact Name (if known): _____________________________ Phone (if known):

________________________________
4. Property Type Information (Campground, Park, Sawmill, Nursery, etc.):

__________________________________________________________________
5. Address / City / Zip (if known): ________________________________________ / __________________ /

_____________
6. County* : ______________________ 7. Comments:

________________________________________________________ ______________________
8. Latitude/Longitude* : _______ _________ / _______ __________ (ex. 43.123456 / -91.123456)

9. Detection Surveys Only Survey category*:

AGM-Trapping AGM-Visual EGM-Visual E GM Category 1 (high) EGM Category 2 (moderate) EGM Category 3 (low) EGM Category S (special site) Detection Trap Density:

1 / 4 sq mi 1 / sq mi 4 / sq mi 9 / sq mi 25 / sq mi 36 / sq mi Other

10. Delimiting Surveys Only Lymantria target*: AGM EGM Delimit purpose: Pre-treatment Post-treatment General Survey type: Egg mass survey Larval survey Trapping Delimiting Trap Density:

16 / sq mi 25 / sq mi 36 / sq mi Other Written or Sketched Location Details (Optional)

Last revision date: 03/05/2013 * indicates required informationAppendix D Gypsy Moth Trap Sheet – 2013 Survey

D-10 Gypsy Moth Manual 05/2013-0505/2014-07 Gypsy Moth Manual E-1 Appendix 

# E Appendix E
Compliance Agreements (CAs)

Contents PPQ Form 519, Compliance Agreement (CA) E-1 CA—Loggers/Log, Pulpwood, and W ood Chip Shippers E-3 CA - Receiving Mills E-4 CA - Nurseries/Christmas Tree Plantations E-6 CA - Qualified Certified Applicators (QCAs) E-7 CA - Shippers E-9 

### PPQ Form 519, Compliance Agreement (CA) Each Compliance Agreement (CA) wi ll be documented on PPQ Form 519 - Compliance Agreement. An example of PPQ Form 519 is on the following page. The agreement section on PPQ Form 519 may reference attached information. The attached information may be adapted to meet local conditions
Following the PPQ Form 519 on the follow ing page is material which will produce (with modification) indivi dual CAs for specific commercial establishments: Table E-1 Compliance Agreements

Commercial Establishment Page Loggers/Log Shippers page 3 Receiving Mills page 4 Nursery/Christmas Tree Farms page 6 QCAs page 7 Shippers page 9Appendix E PPQ Form 519, Compliance Agreement (CA)

E-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 05/2014-07 Figure E-1 Sample of PPQ Form 519—Compliance Agreement According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB control number s for this information collection are 0579-0054, 0088, 0129, 0198, 0257, 0310, 0317, 0322, 0337, 0346, 0363, and 0369. The time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 1.25 hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, sear ching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of inform ation. 20%$33529('        81,7('67$7(6'(3$570(172)$*5,&8/785( $1,0$/$1'3/$17+($/7+,163(&7,216(59,&( 3/$173527(&7,21$1'48$5$17,1( &203/,$1&($*5((0(17

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05/2014-07 Gypsy Moth Manual E-3 

### CA—Loggers/Log, Pulpwood, and Wood Chip Shippers Item #1: Name of Establishment

Item #2: Location of Establishment

Item #3: (Logs, Pulpwood, and/or Wood Ch ips) moving from a generally infested area to locations outside of the generally infested area.

Item #4: Gypsy Moth Quarantine, 7CFR 301.45

Item #5: A. The establishment identified above hereby enters into a Compliance Agreement with the U. S. Depa rtment of Agriculture under the provisions of the gypsy moth quarantine. The establishment has chosen to exercise the option of self-inspection of th e Regulated Article(s) listed above. The Regulated Articl e(s) will only move from the establishment, located inside the ge nerally infested area, to receiving mills, located outside of the genera lly infested area, if the receiving mills are under Compliance Agreement. B. After receiving training, employees of the establishment will be authorized to inspect and to co mplete inspection documents. The employee(s) of the establishment to be trained and certifie d will be (the following:)
(Add names of the employees to the CA.) C. In accordance with instructions in the Regulatory Sect ion of the Gypsy Moth Program Manual, a trained em ployee of the establishment will (1) inspect the regulated article(s) no more than 5 days prior to the date of movement, (2) treat and/or remove all life stages of the gypsy moth, so that no viable individuals rema in, and (3) complete and distribute copies of the inspection documen t. The trained employee of the establishment will distribute the copies of the inspection document as follows: a. The original of the inspection document will be attached to the waybill or other shipping docum ent accompanying the shipment. The carrier will surrender the original inspection document to the consignee at destination. b. One copy of the inspection document will be retained by the establishment. c. Another copy of the inspection document will be forwarded to the Plant Protection and Quarantine Office specified in Item #13.Appendix E CA - Receiving Mills

E-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 05/2014-07 D. During the five months of April th rough August, the establishment will safeguard Regulated Arti cle(s) after certifica tion from infestation or reinfestation. Safeguards will be (1 ) storage before shipment and (2) movement directly th rough regulated areas without stopping (except for refueling or for traffic conditi ons, such as traffic lights and stop signs). Regulated Articles exposed during transit will be treated as infested articles. E. PPQ will provide the establishment wi th (1) appropriate sections of the Gypsy Moth Program Manual, (2) training, and (3) updated information. Among other informat ion, the updated information will include (1) quarantine reports, (2) a li sting of generally infested areas, and (3) current maps of the generally infested area when available. F. (Log, pulpwood, and/or wood chip) st aging or holding areas must be (set suitable distance) away from standing trees. G. During the five months of April th rough August, the establishment will safeguard Regulated Articl es when the Regulated Articles originate in a non-infested area and are transhi pped through the generally infested area. The Regulated Articles must move directly th rough regulated areas without stopping (e xcept for refueling or for traffic conditions, such as traffic lights and stop sign s). Regulated Artic les exposed during transit will be treated as infested articles. H. PPQ and State Department of Agricu lture inspectors retain the right to (1) make spot checks of shipments, (2) monitor inspection procedures and (3) examine records of shipments to locations outside of the generally infested area. I. If the establishment fails to comply with provisions of this agreement and/or the gypsy moth regulations, th is Compliance Agreement will be canceled. When a cancellation occurs, each shipment will require individual inspection by a PPQ or State inspector; in addition, cancellation could result in the assessment of civil penalties. J. The U. S. Department of Agricultu re will furnish the service of the PPQ inspectors without cost. Othe r than the service of the PPQ inspector, the U. S. Department of Agriculture will not be responsible for any costs or charges incident to inspections or compliance with the quarantine. 

### CA - Receiving Mills Item #1: Name of Receiving Mill
Item #2: Location of Receiving MillAppendix E CA - Receiving Mills

05/2014-07 Gypsy Moth Manual E-5 Item #3: (Logs, Pulpwood, and/or W ood Chips) moving from a generally infested area to a mill lo cated in a non-infested area.
Item #4: Gypsy Moth Quarantine, 7CFR 301.45

Item #5: A. The receiving mill, specifi ed in Item #1, will acce pt shipments of (logs, pulpwood, or wood chips) from a generally infested area only when the shipments are accompanied by a (1) USDA Certificate (?), (2) USDA Limited Permit, or (3) si gned Accurate Statement, which will state that the product(s) have been inspected and/or treated and are free of all life stages of gypsy moth. B. Only the receiving mill, located as specified in Item #2, will receive and process shipments of Regulated Articles from generally infested
areas. C. During the months of April throug h August, the receiving mill on the site specified in Item #2 will destroy, process, or treat (specify method) within 5 days all bark which come from generally infested areas. During the remainder of the year, the receiving mill will destroy, process or treat the bark on a timely basis. (A map of generally infested areas is attached.) D. PPQ and State inspectors will ha ve unlimited access to holding areas for the Regulated Article(s) and to th e environs of the receiving mill in order to (1) conduct gypsy moth detection surveys, (2) inspect shipments, and (3) monitor compliance. E. The receiving mill, specified in Item #1, will be responsible for eradicating any gypsy moth infest ation on the premises or in the environs of the receiving mill that re sult from receiving infested (logs, pulpwood, or wood chips). F. The U. S. Department of Agricultu re will furnish the service of the PPQ inspectors without cost. Othe r than the service of the PPQ inspectors, the U. S. Department of Agriculture will not be responsible for any costs or charges incident to inspections or compliance with the quarantine. G. PPQ and the State Department of Ag riculture retain the right to check compliance, at their discretion, by conducting inspections and by examining records. Examining record s will involve the examination of (1) receiving records, (2) shippi ng documents, and (3) inspection documents on regulated articles recei ved from generally infested areas. H. Failure to comply with the gypsy moth regulations and/or the provisions of this Compliance Agreem ent may result in cancellation of this Compliance Agreement and/or assessment of civil penalties.Appendix E CA - Nurseries/Christmas Tree Plantations

E-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 05/2014-07 

### CA - Nurseries/Christ mas Tree Plantations Item #1: Name of Establishment

Item #2: Location of Establishment
Item #3: Trees without roots (e.g., Chri stmas trees), trees with roots, and shrubs with roots and persistent woody stems, unless they are greenhouse grown through the year.
Item #4: Gypsy Moth Quarantine, 7 CFR 301.45

Item #5: A. The establishment, specified in Item #1, will only ship Regulated Articles out of the generally infested area when the Regulated Articles are determined to be free of al l viable gypsy moth life stages. B. As specified in the Gypsy Moth Program Manual, determination of freedom from all viable gypsy moth life stages will be based upon (1) annual visual survey and treatment, if necessary, of the premises and environs of the establishment and/ or (2) treatment of the Regulated Articles. C. If hazardous conditions exist, an Emergency Action Notification (PPQ Form 523) will be issued indica ting the required treatment. The establishment is responsible for a pplying the required treatment. After successful application of the treatment, the Emergency Action Notification will be rescinded and Re gulated Articles may be certified and shipped out of the generally infested area. D. The U. S. Department of Agricultu re will furnish the service of the PPQ inspectors without cost. Other th an the service of PPQ inspectors, the U. S. Department of Agricultur e will not be responsible for any costs or charges incident to insp ections or compliance with the quarantine. E. To allow movement of Regulated Ar ticles that are free of all gypsy moth life stages from the generally infested ar ea, the establishment may use the following: (1) certificat es for attachment to shipping documents, (2) pre-printed shipping labels, and/or (3) rubber stamps. All certificates, preprinted shipping labels, or certificate stamps that PPQ approves and provides will re main government property. The establishment is accountable for them and must safeguard them against loss and improper use. F. To obtain an order of printed sh ipping labels, the establishment will send a written request for each order to the PPQ official specified inAppendix E CA - Qualified Certified Applicators (QCAs)

05/2014-07 Gypsy Moth Manual E-7 Item #12. Each written request will include (1) the number of shipping labels that will bear the certif icate number and (2) the name and address of the printer. The establishment will direct the pr inter to (1) notify the PPQ official when each order has been complete d, and (2) print each certificate number in a conspicuous place on the shipping tags. G. If receiving Regulated Articles from other establishments within the generally infested areas, the es tablishment will (1) only accept Regulated Articles accompanied by a valid PPQ certificate or (2) immediately arrange to have Regula ted Articles inspected by either a PPQ or State inspector. If recei ving Regulated Articles from establishments outside the generally infested area for shipment outside the generally infested area, the establishment will only accept Regulated Articles wi th documents showing the point of origin. H. Before the establishment changes any procedures or practices, the establishment must contact the PPQ official specified in Item #12. The PPQ official in Item #12 (and the Stat e inspector) will answer questions on 7 CFR 301.45, this Compliance Agreement, procedures and practices, and previ ous instructions. I. The establishment will notify the PPQ official specified in Item #12 of any personnel changes which may effe ct the handling of the Regulated Articles. J. PPQ and State Department of Agricu lture inspectors retain the right to (1) make spot checks of shipments, (2) monitor inspection procedures and (3) examine records of shipments to locations outside of the generally infested area. K. Failure to comply with the gypsy moth regulations and/or the provisions of this Compliance Agreem ent may result in cancellation of this Compliance Agreement and/or assessment of civil penalties. L. The U. S. Department of Agriculture will furnish the advisory service of the PPQ inspectors without cost. Other than the service of the PPQ inspectors, the U. S. Department of Agriculture will not be responsible for any costs or charges incident to inspections or compliance with the quarantine.
Attachments: 7 CFR 301.45, map, Gypsy Moth Program Manual 

### CA - Qualified Certif ied Applicators (QCAs) Item #1: Name Of QCA and Establishment

Item #2: Location of EstablishmentAppendix E CA - Qualified Certified Applicators (QCAs)

E-8 Gypsy Moth Manual 05/2014-07 Item #3: Outdoor household arti cles (OHAs) and mobile homes
Item #4: Gypsy Moth Quarantine, 7 CFR 301.45

Item #5: A. To ensure that outdoor household articles (OHAs) and mobile homes are free of all viable gypsy moth life stages, PPQ will permit the Qualified Certified Applic ator (QCA) identified in Item #1 to inspect, treat (if necessary), and certif y OHAs and mobile homes. The QCA will inspect and treat the OHAs and mobile homes according to procedures in the Regulatory Sect ion of the Gypsy Moth Program Manual. B. The QCA will only insp ect, treat, and certify OHAs and mobile homes moves moving out of the ge nerally infested area. C. The QCA will complete a Complian ce Agreement with a PPQ official for each State in which the QCA operates. D. The QCA will contact the PPQ of ficial, specified in Item #12, if difficulties are encountered. The QCA will follow the instruction of the PPQ official or a State inspector. E. Regardless of the existing Gypsy Moth population level, the QCA will thoroughly inspect all OHAs a nd mobile homes following the procedures in the Gypsy Moth Program Manual. F. At the end of each wee k, the QCA will mail copi es of documen ts for all inspections performed during the week to the PPQ official specified in Item #12. G. If the State-issued pesticide licen se of the QCA expires or becomes invalid for any reason, the QCA mu st immediately contact the PPQ official specified in Item #12. Each State will require separate QCA certification. H. As required by the PPQ official sp ecified in Item #12, the QCA will periodically complete refresher traini ng. The PPQ official, identified in Item #12, will supply precise info rmation on the refresher training. I. During the months of April throug h August, the QCA will inspect on moving day, if possible. If inspecti on on the moving day is not possible during this period, the QCA will comp lete the inspection no more than 5 days prior to movement of th e OHAs; in addition, the QCA will safeguard or have the owner safe guard the inspec ted and certified OHAs from infestation or reinfestation. J. Failure to comply with the gypsy moth regulations and/or the provisions of this Compliance Agreem ent may result in cancellation of this Compliance Agreement and/or assessment of civil penalties.Appendix E CA - Shippers

05/2014-07 Gypsy Moth Manual E-9 

### CA - Shippers Item #1: Name of Establishment

Item #2: Location of Establishment
Item #3: See Regulatory Section Of Gypsy Moth Program Manual
Item #4: Gypsy Moth Quarantine, 7 CFR 301.45

Item #5: A. The establishment identified above hereby enters into a Compliance Agreement with the U. S. Depa rtment of Agriculture under the provisions of the gypsy moth quarant ine. The establishment will only move items regulated under the Gyps y Moth Quarantine according to the Gypsy Moth Quarantine. B. After receiving training, the employe es of the establishment will know what documents are necessary for the shipment of the various regulated items; in addition, the employees will be able to initiate inspections for shipments. The employee(s) of the establishment to be trained and certified will be (the following:)
(Add names of the employees to the CA.) C. Employees of the establishment wi ll see that the original of the inspection document will be attached to the waybill or other shipping document accompanying the shipment. The carrier will surrender the original inspection document to the consignee at destination. (One copy of the inspection document will be retained by the establishment; another copy of the inspection document will be forwarded to a Plant Protection and Quarantine Office.) D. During the five months of April th rough August, the establishment will safeguard Regulated Arti cle(s) after certifica tion from infestation or reinfestation. Safeguards will be (1 ) storage before shipment and (2) movement directly th rough regulated areas without stopping (except for refueling or for traffic conditi ons, such as traffic lights and stop signs). Regulated Articles exposed during transit will be treated as infested articles. E. PPQ will provide the es tablishment with (1) appr opriate sections of the Gypsy Moth Program Manual, (2) training, and (3) updated information. Among other informat ion, the updated information will include (1) quarantine reports, (2) a li sting of generally infested areas, and (3) current maps of the generally infested area when available.Appendix E CA - Shippers

E-10 Gypsy Moth Manual 05/2014-07 F. If the establishment fails to comply with provisions of this agreement and/or the gypsy moth regulations, th is Compliance Agreement will be canceled. G. The U. S. Department of Agricultu re will furnish the service of the PPQ inspectors without cost. Othe r than the service of the PPQ inspector, the U. S. Department of Agriculture will not be responsible for any costs or charges incident to inspections or compliance with the quarantine.07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual F-1 Appendix 

# F Appendix F

Insecticide Labels and MSDSs

Contents Insecticide Labels and Material Sa fety Data Sheets (MSDSs) F-1 Insecticide Distributors F-1


### Insecticide Labels and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) By reference, the following labe ls and MSDSs are part of the Gypsy Moth Program Manual.
 Labels of insecticid es registered for use against the gypsy moth  MSDSs of insecticides registered for use against the gypsy moth

As a safety precaution, read a nd follow all label directions.
In addition to label directions, follow all pertinent State and Federal laws.
Labels and MSDSs are available at the following Web sites.  http://www.greenbook.net  http://www.cdms.net



### Insecticide Distributors The following list of distributors is accurate as of June, 2008. The list of distributors is not complete and cannot be complete. Companies are often purchased by other companies and names ch ange, so check the Internet for the latest information. NOTICE This appendix supplies additional information about the various insecticides used to control the gypsy moth. Mention of these products and companies is not to be considered an endorsement. These products and companies are mentioned merely as a convenience. Other products, not mentioned, may also be available.Appendix F Insecticide Distributors

F-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 For several reasons, labels and MSDSs of insecticides that are effective against the gypsy moth are not included in the Gypsy Moth Program Manual

. 1. The registered insecticides often change. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requires that users of pe sticides constantly check the current label. Therefore, avoid “storing” labels and MSDSs in an appendix. (However, if a program is in progress, place the current label and MSDS in the appendix.) 2. The companies making the formulation often change. 3. At any given time a siza ble number of insecticides are effective against the gypsy moth. The labels and MSDSs would fill a sizable volume by themselves. 4. The current labels and MSDSs are ofte n easily available on the internet. The internet should be accessed to obtain the current labelAppendix F Insecticide Distributors

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual F-3 Table F-1 Insecticide Distributors

Company Insecticide Formulations Larval control Egg mass control Bayer CropScience 2 T.W. Alexander Dr.

Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Tel: 866-992-2937 http://www.bayercropscienceus.com Carbaryl Sevin® XLR PLUS (EPA Reg. No. 264-333-ZC) Comment :Read label to determine the best formulations for each situation A suspension of microfine Sevin carbaryl insecticide in an aqueous medium for forested areas, and rangeland trees Sevin® 80S (EPA

Reg. No. 264- 316-ZD) Comment :Read label to determine the best formulations for each situation A dry powder formulation for forested areas, parks, Christmas trees, and rangeland trees

Sevin® 80 WSP

(EPA Reg. No. 264-526-ZC) Comment :Read label to determine the best formulations for each situation A dry powder formulation in water-solublepaks, for forested areasand rangeland trees

Certis USA 9145 Guilford Rd., #175

Columbia, MD 21046 Tel: 800-847-5620 Alt tel: 800-255-3924 http://www.certisusa.com Bacillusthuringiensis var. kurstak i Thuricide® 48LV (EPA Reg. No. 70051-57) Comment: Labeled for control

of gypsy moth either by aerial application or byground application The active ingredient in Thuricide® is Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki

Thuricide® 76LV

(EPA Reg. No. 70051-72)Appendix F Insecticide Distributors

F-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01

Chemtura Corporation 199 Benson Rd.

Middlebury, CT 06749 Tel: 203-573-2000 Alt. tel: 203-723-3670 http://www.uniroyalchemical.com Diflubenzuron Comment : Due to toxicity

to aqauticinvertebrate animals, Dimilin® isa restricteduse pesticide. Dimilin® 4L (EPA Reg. No. 400- 474) For use on early instars prior to full leaf expansion (5 to 20%). More effective against gypsy moth than other control materials in this manual. Ifit is environmentally safeto use, Dimilin® will be the first choice. Theactive ingredient is diflubenzuron. Dimilin® 25W (EPA

Reg. No. 400- 465)

Dow AgroSciences 9330 Zionsville Rd.

Indianapolis, IN 46268 Tel: 317-337-3000 Alt. tel: 800-992-5994 http://www.dowagro.co Spinosad Conserve® SC (EPA Reg. No. 62719-291) Comment: For effective control

of gypsy moth larvae, apply when larvae are small and all eggs have hatched) Spinosad is theactive ingredient in Conserve® SC

Tebufenozide Confirm® 2F (EPA REg. No. 32719- 420) Comment: For effective control

of gypsy moth larvae, apply when larvae are small (1st, 2nd, and 3rdinstars)l; in general, foliage development should be a minimum of 20% for trees andshrubs in nurseries and Christmas tree farms. The active ingredient in Confirm® 2Fis tebufenozide Table F-1 Insecticide Distributors (continued)

Company Insecticide Formulations Larval control Egg mass controlAppendix F Insecticide Distributors

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual F-5

Dow AgroSciences (continued) Chlorpyrifos Dursban® PRO (EPA REG. No. 62719-166) The active ingredient in Dursban®and Lorsban® is chlorpyrifos.Dursban® 50WWSP (EPA Reg. No. 62719-72) Comment: Labeled for use on

ornamentals grown in nurseries Lorsban® 4E (EPA

Reg. No. 62719- 220) Comment : Labeled for use on

ornamentals grown in nurseriesSpinosad SpinTor® 2SC Naturalyte® (EPA Reg. No. 62719-294) Comment : For effective control

of gypsy moth larvae, apply when larvae are small or just hatching. Forconifers, including Christmastrees and deciduous trees. The active ingredient is spinosad.

Tebufenozide Mimic® 2LV (EPA Reg. No. 707- 270) Comment : This insecticide

should be applied to the early instar (1st, 2nd, or 3rd) larvae; foliage developmentshould be a minimum of 20% The active ingredient is tebufenozide. Table F-1 Insecticide Distributors (continued)

Company Insecticide Formulations Larval control Egg mass controlAppendix F Insecticide Distributors

F-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01

Gowan Company P.O. Box 5569

Yuma, AZ 85366-5569 Tel: 800-888-1844 FAX: 928-343-9255 Alt. tel: 888-478-0798 24-hour assistance: 800-424-9300 http://www.gowanco.com Phosmet Imidan® 70-W (EPA Reg. No. 10163- 169) Comment: Labeled for control

of gypsy moth on ornamentals, deciduous trees,and woody evergreens, including conifers growing in Christmas tree nurseries and plantations. The active ingredient in Imidan® 70- W is phosmet,an organophosphate insecticide

Olympic Horticultural Products P.O. Box 230

Mainland, PA 19451 Tel: 800-356-4647 http://www.olympichort.com Cyfluthrin Decathlon® 20 WP (EPA Reg. No. 432-1402-59807) Comment : Labeled for control

of gypsy moth larvae on ornamentals and nursery stock. The active ingredient in Decathlon® 20 WP is cyfluthrin.

Stoller USA 4001 W. Sam Houston Pkwy N. #100

Houston, TX 77043 Tel: 713-461-1493 Tel: 800-539-5283 FAX: 713-461-4467 http://www.stolleruse.com Golden Pest Spray Oil (EPA Reg. No. 57538-11) Comment: For egg masses

deposited ontrees, ground litter, outdoor furniture, recreationvehicles, firewood, nursery stock, vessels, aircraft, and otherforms of transportation Will prevent egg hatch if applied to egg masses.

UAP (United Agri Products) 7251 W. 4th Street

Greeley, CO 80634 Tel: 970-356-4400 Alt. tel: 800-301-7976 http://www.uap.com Carbaryl Carbaryl 4L (EPA Reg. No. 34704- 447) Comment:Highly toxic to honeybees and to many aqautic organisms Table F-1 Insecticide Distributors (continued)

Company Insecticide Formulations Larval control Egg mass controlAppendix F Insecticide Distributors

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual F-7

USDA Forest Service

1400 Independence Avenue, SW Washington, DC 20250-0003 Tel: 800-832-1355 http://www.fs.fed.us Gypsy mothnucleopolyhedrosis virus (NPV), Hamden strain Gypchek® EPA (Reg. No. 27586- 2) The active ingredient in Gypcheck® is the gypsymoth nucleopolyhedrosis virus (NPV), Hamden strain Valent BioSciences Corporation

870 Technology Way Libertyville, IL 60048 Tel: 800-323-9597 http://www.valentbiosciences.com Bacillusthuringensis subsp. kurtaki (Btk) Foray® 48B (EPA Reg. No. 73049- 46) An important biological agent, Btk, is the active ingredient. This biological

insecticide, which controls the larval stage o gypsy moth, will kill some other butterfly and moth species. Foray® 48F (EPA

Reg. No. 73049- 35) Foray® 76B (EPA

Reg. No. 73049- 49)

Valent USA Corporation 1170 W. Shaw Ave., # 103

Fresno, CA 93711 Tel: 800-682-5368 http://www.valent.com Acephate Orthene® 75 S (EPA Reg. No. 59639-26) Acephate is theactive ingredient. Acephate is labeled for the control of gypsy moth larvae on trees and shrubs. Acephate istoxic to several insects. Orthene® 97 (EPA

Reg. No. 59639- 91) Table F-1 Insecticide Distributors (continued)

Company Insecticide Formulations Larval control Egg mass controlAppendix F Insecticide Distributors

F-8 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0107/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual G-1 Appendix 

# G Appendix G
Methods for Gypsy Moth Eradication

Contents Introduction G-1 Approved Methods and the Fi nal Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) G-2 Biological Insecticides Used in Eradications G-2 Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Btk) G-2 Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus (NPV) (Used in Gypchek) G-4 Mixing Sequence for Conventional Mixing Equipment, if Carrier 038-A Is Not Used G-5 Chemical Insecticides Used in Eradications G-6 Diflubenzuron G-6 Tebufenozide G-7 BehavioralTreatments Used in Eradications G-7 Mass Trapping G-7 Mating Disruption G-8 Experimental Treatments Considered For Use in Eradications G-9 Fungal Pathogens G-9 Parasitoids G-9 Predators G-10 Nematodes G-10 Egg-Mass Removal G-10 Tree Trunk Bands and Barriers G-10 Insecticides G-10 Silviculture G-11 Additional Information on Ins ecticides with Btk G-11 Foray® 48B- Foray® 48F - Foray® 76B G-11 Thuricide® 48LV Thuricide® 76LV G-13 Dipel® 2X (?) G-14 Additional Information on Chem ical Insecticides G-15 Diflubenzuron (Dimilin®) G-15 Tebufenozide (MimicTM 2LV) G-16



### Introduction This appendix contains inform ation on the following topics:
 Approved methods for the er adication of gypsy mothAppendix G Approved Methods and the Final Environm ental Impact Statement (FEIS)

G-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01  Behavioral methods used in eradications  Biological insecticides used in eradications  Chemical insecticides used in eradications
Experimental treatments considered fo r use in eradications or control treatments are briefly covered in th is appendix, even though they are not presently approved.



### Approved Methods and the Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) The Final Environmental Impact Stat ement (FEIS), published in November 1995, has designated the treatments appr oved for gypsy moth eradication. The title of the 1995 FEIS is Gypsy Moth Management in the United States: A Cooperative Approach

. The treatments approved in the FEIS for eradications are the following.  Biological insecticides  Bacillus thuringiensi s var. kurstaki (Btk)  Nucleopolyhedrosis virus (NPV) (Used in Gypchek)  Chemical insecticides  Diflubenzuron (Dimilin®)  Tebufenozide (note: In Confirm® and Mimic®; developed after the FEIS)  Behavioral treatments  Mass trapping  Mating disruption
These approved methods may be us ed alone or in combination.



### Biological Insecticides Used in Eradications Bacillus thuringiensis va r. kurstaki (Btk) Background

— Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a rod-shaped bacterium that forms resting spores. Unique to this species is the formation of a protein crystal next to the resting spore during spore formation. Bt occurs naturally in soils throughout the world. A strain of Bt , called variety kurstaki and known as Btk , is effective as a control agent fo r defoliating forest caterpillars.Appendix G Biological Insecticides Used in Eradications

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual G-3 After gypsy moth larvae ingest the Btk spores and protein crystals, the protein crystals dissolve in the gut causing di sruption of the gut lining, ultimately resulting in perforation of the gut and leakage of the gut contents. The gypsy moth larvae stop feeding b ecause of the damage to th eir digestive tracts. Death occurs within a few hours or days.

Use

— Btk is one of the insecticides of choice for eradicating isolated infestations of the gypsy moth. For eradic ations, the typical dose rate is 24 BIU per acre (60 BIU/ha) applied two to three times.

There are several formulations of Btk thatcan be used in er adication projects.  Foray® 48B  Foray® 48F  Foray® 76B  Thuricide® 48LV

The effectiveness of the Btk application will de pend on proper timing. The timing of the applications must match the following factors.  Development of the most susceptible larval instars  Period of expanding foliage  Period of favorable weather (dry conditions)
Smaller instars of the larvae are more susceptible than larger instars. Application is best when the majority of the larvae are in the second instar. Application must not be delayed beyond the early third instar. As a rule, application is often done when 30% of the larvae are in the first instar, 50 percent are in the second instar, and 20% are in the third instar.

Btk application is done on expanding leav es. Typically, app lication is best when the leaves of the red oak are 45% to 60% expanded. An old rule states that for the first application, foliage should have expanded to at least onequarter to one-half.
Phenology models can be used to help pr edict insect developm ent, in order for Btk application at the most opportune time.
Dry conditions must prevail du ring and after application.

Effectiveness —Because Btk causes gut paralysis a nd cessation of feeding by gypsy moth larvae, it is well suited as a means of reducing the gypsy moth population. Great reductions in gypsy mo th populations occur with the high dose rates used in eradication projects.Appendix G Biological Insecticides Used in Eradications

G-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 On the negative side, Btk has varying degrees of toxicity to larval stages of most moths and butterflies. For example, Btk treatments reduce both richness and abundance of native lepidopterans, pa rticularly those species with larvae present early in the season when gypsy moth is present. 

### Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus (NPV) (Used in Gypchek) Background —The nucleopolyhedrosis virus (N PV) affecting gypsy moth is native to North America. The vi rus is a member of the Genus Baculovirus and is unrelated to arthropod-borne viruses and other viruses that infect man. The virus is specific to gypsy moth and cause s a disease that ca n drastically reduce gypsy moth populations, part icularly when high gypsy moth populations and high levels of viral inocul um occur together. In de nse gypsy moth populations, the virus may kill up to 90 percent of the larvae. When egg masses are laid on surfaces contaminated with the virus, th e virus appears to spread rather easily.
In 1978, Gypchek, a virus-containing biol ogical insecticide, was registered with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA)

Use —Gypchek must be formulated at th e mixing and loading site before application. The standard tank mix consists of water (pH 5.5–7.5), an ultraviolet light sunscreen (a lignan Sulfate product), a feeding stimulant (molasses), and a sticking agent (t o aid adhesion to leaf surfaces).
In 1995, a commercially produced and r eady-to-use carrie r called Carrier 038- A was developed. Carrier 038-A is now sold by Omnova Solutions. In addition to giving superior ultravio let protection and spray depos ition patterns, this new carrier is easier to mix and apply. Lo wer spray volumes can be applied without sacrificing efficacy.

Application information for Gypchek is as follows.  Application rate: 5 x 10 12 occlusion bodies (OB) in 1.0 gallon of spray mixture per acre (3.7 x 10 12 OB per 9.34 L/ha) per application  Number of Applications: 2 applications , 2 to 4 days apart is recommended during an eradication  Nozzles: Use boom and nozzle systems de signed to result in droplets of 150 to 400 mass media diameter (e.g., flat fan 8006, Beecomist 275 or Micronair AU5000) NOTICE Care must be taken in the mixing and app lication of Gypchek. Use stickers and UV protectants to enhance the pe rformance of this product. Aerially apply Gypchek in sufficient spray mixture for thorough and uniform coverage.Appendix G Mixing Sequence for Conventional Mixing Equipment, if

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual G-5  Water pH: approximately 7.0  (If not in Carrier 038-A) Molass es (MO Mix®)—0.13 gallon (16 fl. oz.)  (If not in Carrier 038-A) Bond (Love land Industries) (sticker)—2.5 fl. oz.  (If not in Carrier 038-A) Lig-nos ite AN (Georgia Pacific)—0.5 lb. per gallon



### Mixing Sequence for Conventional Mi xing Equipment, if Carrier 038- A Is Not Used Step 1: Fill Tank Fill tank with water and start agitation.
Step 2: Check and Adjust the pH Before mixing pesticide, check and adjust the pH within the range of pH 6.0 to 7.0. Use commercially available phosphoric acid (85 percent) to lower pH. One ounce of phosphoric acid will adjust 5 00 gallons of water from a pH of 9.0 to an acceptable level (between 6.0 and 7.0).
Step 3: Add Lig-nosite AN Add Lig-nosite AN by slow ing pouring into water.
Step 4: Add Molasses Add molasses by slowly pouring into th e water and mix thoroughly for about five minutes.
Step 5: Add Sticker Add sticker and mix thoroughly.
Step 6: Add Gypchek Slowly add Gypchek to avoid clumps and mix thoroughly for 15 to 20 minutes before loading aircraft.

NOTICE Check pH of water from field source. If pH exceeds 7.5 or is below 5.5, add sufficient acid or base to adjust pH to approximately 7.0. Never use chlorina ted water in the spray formulation.

NOTICE Read label thoroughly before using. Follow all label cautions and directions.Appendix G Chemical Insecticides Used in Eradications

G-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Effectiveness —Because Gypchek is specific for gypsy moth and does not affect other lepidopteran species or nont arget organisms that might be in the treatment area, Gypchek is a desirable in secticide to use where threatened and endangered species might be found or environmentally sensitive areas.
The availability of Gypc hek is limited. The ForestService and APHIS produce quantities sufficient to treat about 20,000 acres (8,100 hectares) each year.



### Chemical Insecticides Used in Eradications Diflubenzuron Background —Sold under the name Dimilin®, diflubenzuron belongs to the group of compounds called in sect growth regulators (I GRs). When ingested by gypsy moth larvae, diflubenzuron disrupt s the formation of a new cuticle (outer skin) during molting. The larvae cannot complete the molting process, their body walls rupture from intern al pressure, and the larvae die.

Use —Both aerial and ground applications ar e used in eradication projects. Dimilin® 4L and Dimilin® 25W are the formulations for use in gypsy moth projects.
Typically, aerial applicati on of diflubenzuron in erad ication projects is 0.5 ounces active ingredient in 0.5 to 1.00 ga llons spray volume per acre, applied twice, 7 to 10 days apart.

Effectiveness —Diflubenzuron effectively re duces gypsy moth populations and protects foliage. NOTICE Diflubenzuron is most effective aga inst 1st to 3rd instar larvae.



### ! WARNING
Diflubenzuron is a “restricte d-use” pesticide because of its toxicity to aquatic invertebrate animals. Therefore, only ce rtified pesticide applicators can purchase this insecticide, and use of this insecticide is restricted to certified operators and those under their direct supervision.Appendix G BehavioralTreatments Used in Eradications

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual G-7 

### Tebufenozide Background —Sold under the name Confirm® T/0 (and Mimic®), tebufenozide mimics the action of a natu ral insect hormone inducing molting and metamorphosis. In effect, tebufenoz ide controls lepidopterous larvae by inducing lethal, premature molts (Confirm® T/0 label, 2001).

Use —Application of tebufenozide must be in a manner that ensures uniform and thorough coverage. Reap plication may be required to protect new flushes of foliage.

Confirm® T/O’s label states the fo llowing spray adjuvants have been especially formulated to optimi ze the performance of foliar-applied agricultural chemicals and are recomm ended for use with Confirm® T/0.  Latron® B-1956—Effective with di lute sprays applied by ground equipment  Latron® CS-7—A spreader-binder de signed specifically for use in concentrate and low-volume sprays applied by aircraft or ground equipment

Effectiveness —While tebufenozide is, essentiall y, equally effect ive against all instars, it is generally good practice to avoid the heavy damage that can be inflicted by later instar larv ae (Confirm® T/O label, 2001).



### BehavioralTreatments Used in Eradications Mass Trapping Background —Mass trapping uses the syntheti c sex pheromone, disparlure, to attract male moths to traps placed in a grid pattern across the treatment area. The objective of mass trappi ng is to capture male gyp sy moths before they have a chance to locate and mate with female moths.

As an eradication method, mass trappi ng can be used alone or with other methods of eradication. For example, th e majority of eradications use mass trapping after insecticide application.

NOTICE Mass trapping is most effective when us ed to eradicate low-population densities.Appendix G BehavioralTreatments Used in Eradications

G-8 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Use —Mass trapping involves using an aggressi ve trapping grid of 3 to 10 traps per acre. If the core area of the infestation is known, increased trapping densities in the core area will be at the level of 10 traps per acre.
Two types of traps are used dependi ng on the expected number of moths caught. 1. The standard “delta” trap is a small- capacity trap about 8 inches (20 cm) long, 4 inches (10 cm) high, and triangul ar in cross section. To lure the male moth, a tiny plastic strip or wick impregnated with the pheromone is stapled to the inside of the trap. To entrap the male moths, a sticky substance coats the inside surface of the trap. 2. The “milk carton” trap, so called because it resembles a milk carton, is used in areas where large numbers of male moths would quickly overwhelm the sticky surface of the smaller delta tra p. Like the delta trap, a small pheromone plastic strip or wick is placed inside the milk-carton trap to lure the male moth. Unlike the delta trap, the milk carton traps contains a 1-inch by 4-inch (2.5 x 10 cm) la minated plastic strip containing the insecticide dichlorvos (DDVP). When used in milk carton traps, DDVP is formulated and registered as Va portape II (Hercon Environmental Company, Emigsville, PA).

Effectiveness —The higher the population density, the greater the risk that a male will find and mate with a female be fore being lured into a trap. Therefore, treatment is best used where there are le ss than 10 egg masses per acre (25 egg masses per hectare).
Mass trapping is a labor-int ensive treatment, especi ally over large areas. Therefore, it is typically used on sm all infestations less than 100 acres (40.4 hectares). Mass trapping does not affect nontarget organisms, except those (primarily flying insects) that accide ntally find their way into the traps.

In residential areas with small infestat ions, mass trapping is an alternative to using insecticides. Mass trapping is an option where there is strong resistance to using insecticides. 

### Mating Disruption Background —The objective of mating disrupti on is to saturate the treatment area with enough pheromone sources to confuse the male moths and thereby prevent them from finding a nd mating with female moths.

Use —Mating disruption can be accompli shed by either ground or aerial application of disparlure. 1. In ground applications, disparlure is distributed on laminated polymeric dispensers or tapes impregnated with the pheromone. From the laminatedAppendix G Experimental Treatments Co nsidered For Use in Eradications

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual G-9 polymeric dispensers and tapes, the phe romone is slowly released into the environment. Because the laminated pol ymeric dispensers and tapes must be manually attached to trees, this method is labor intensive. 2. In aerial applications, disparlure is distributed by dispensers. One type of dispenser is the small (0.1 inch; 2.5 mm) pheromone-impregnated plastic flake. Aircraft drop the flakes, treat ed with a sticking agent (Gelva 2333), on the forest canopy and understory vegetation.
A drawback of flakes is the required special application equipment. Other formulations not requiring special equipm ent are being examined.

Effectiveness —In eradications, mating disrup tion is best suited for areas containing less than 10 egg masses pe r acre (25 egg masses per hectare). Mating disruption may be used al one or with other treatments.
Using disparlure as a ma ting disruptant is desirabl e because the pheromone does not affect nontarget organisms; howev er, the plastic dispensers may remain for some time before disintegrating



### Experimental Treatments Consid ered For Use in Eradications Fungal Pathogens Entomophaga maimaiga (E. maimaiga) is a virulent pathogen and known to cause extensive epizootics in Japan. Epizootics have occurred in New England and some Middle Atlantic States. The fungus continues to expand its range entering regions more recently coloni zed by the gypsy moth. During the 1990s, the fungus had a major imp act on gypsy moth populations in the United States.
Numerous constraints limit the development of E. maimaiga for use as an insecticide: 1) fungi are s hort-lived in storage; 2) f ungi are relatively expensive to produce; and 3) foliar applications of dried fungal preparations are sensitive to heat, humidity, sunlight, and rainfa ll. Formulating and applying dried fungal preparations also presents unique chal lenges for achieving adhesion to leaf surfaces and protection from a dverse environmental conditions. 

### Parasitoids In general, parasitoids, together with other natural enemies (predators and pathogens), help regulate gypsy moth populations by reducing their numbers, but most researchers do not believe they play a major role in regulating gypsy moth populations.Appendix G Experimental Treatments Considered For Use in Eradications

G-10 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Predators The gypsy moth predator community is complex and includes about 50 species of birds and 20 species of mammals, along with some amphibians, reptiles, fish, insects, and spiders. Only a few of these predators are known to affect gypsy moth population dynamics. The predat ors are all opportuni stic feeders, which means their taste for gypsy moth depends on the scarcity of preferred foods.
In low-density gypsy moth populations, ve rtebrate predators, especially the white-footed field mouse, are majo r sources of late-larval and pupal mortality—but not at high gypsy moth densities. 

### Nematodes Nematodes that attack insects could be used in residentia l areas to protect individual trees from defoliation. They have provided control of several ground-dwelling and tree-bori ng insect species; however, results against the gypsy moth are inconsistent. 

### Egg-Mass Removal Because egg-mass removal is labor intensive and time intensive, it is impractical for large areas. In addition, e xperience has shown that in a forested area, many more egg masses are present than are actually seen and removed.


### Tree Trunk Bands and Barriers Tree trunk bands, commonly made of burlap, and barr iers, commonly made of duct tape and Tanglefoot, are only usef ul in localized urban and suburban situations where small numbe rs of trees are at risk.
The bands must be checked each day so larvae can be scraped off and killed. During any outbreak, larvae remain in the canopy and feed night and day, thus reducing the effectiveness of the method.
The sticky barriers are extremely effect ive at preventing larvae from climbing trees; however, they have no effect on larvae already in the canopy. For this reason, the sticky barriers usually only reduce the num bers by 20 to 30 percent. 

### Insecticides A number of insecticides other than Btk , diflibenzuron, and Gypchek are registered by the EPA for gypsy moth cont rol. These other insecticides were excluded from use in (Federally-funded?) eradications because they affect a wider range of nontar get organisms than Btk , diflibenzuron, and Gypchek. However, because of use in regulatory certification, some of the insecticides effective against gypsy moth are included in this manual.Appendix G Additional Information on Insecticides with Btk

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual G-11 These insecticides may be used on nursery stock but not for eradication programs. 

### Silviculture Once the gypsy moth becomes establishe d, silvicultural options are reduced.



### Additional Information on Insecticides with Btk See the pesticide label for the correct application rates. As a minimum, two applications of Btk are required during an eradicat ion; three app lications are ideal. When making two applications, wait 14 days between the first and second applications. When making thr ee applications, wait 7 to 10 days between each application.
In most cases, Btk is aerially applied. In small infestations (less than five acres), Btk may be applied using ground equi pment. If you are considering using ground application, c ontact the Otis Methods Development Center for application guidance. 

### Foray® 48B- Foray® 48F - Foray® 76B Like all Btk formulations, Foray® insecticid es function as a stomach poison. Foray® insecticides are a produc t of Valent BioSciences. ( See Insecticide Labels and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) on page F-1 )
Foray® 48B, 48F, and 76B can be used e ither undiluted or diluted with water for use at 16, 20, 24, 30, or 40 BIU per ga llon per acre. When using diluted, use at a gallon of total spray per acre. A st icker is included in the formulation; however, the user may add a sticker such as Plyac® from L oveland Industries, Inc. A sticker is necessary only when heavy rains are expected.

Under most conditions, the best atomizati on is from rotary atomizers (such as Beecomist, Micronair, and Airbi) set to spray droplets of 50 to 150 microns. Conventional boom and nozzle systems are us able if: 1) the application rate is 0.5 gallons per acre or more; and 2) th e boom and nozzle systems are capable of delivering spray droplets of 100 to 250 microns (e.g., TeeJet 8004 nozzles set at 45 forward).
If equipment and local weather conditi ons permit, use Foray® 48B, 48F, and 76B undiluted whenever possible. When using Foray® 48B or 48F undiluted,



### ! CAUTION
Mix sticker with water before Btk is added.Appendix G Additional Information on Insecticides with Btk

G-12 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 recirculate in a bulk tank or trough the aircraft system for about 10 minutes before starting calibration or spraying. Foray® 48B and 48F have a static viscosity that thins to a stable leve l on pumping or stirring for a short period.
Foray® 48B and 48F have good weathe ring characteristics; the residual effectiveness is 7 to 9 days.

Table G-1 Application Rates of Foray® 48B and Foray® 48F

If the number of applications is: And the BIU per gallon per acre is Or the BIUper undiluted-neat per acre is: Then the amount of Foray® 48B needed is: And the amount of Foray® 48F needed is: And the amount of water needed is:
2 40 107 oz 21 oz

2 49 107 oz 107 oz 0

2 30 80 oz 48 oz

2 30 80 oz 80 oz 0

2 24 64 oz 64 oz

2 24 64 oz 64 oz 0

3 29 53 oz 75 oz

3 20 53 oz 53 oz 0

3 16 43 oz 85 oz

3 16 43 oz 43 oz 0

Table G-2 Application Rates of Foray® 76B

If the number of applications is: And the BIU per gallon per acre is: Or the BIU per undiluted-neat per acre is: Then the amount of Foray® 76B needed is: And the amount of water needed is:
2 40 68 oz 60 oz

2 40 68 oz 0Appendix G Additional Information on Insecticides with Btk

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual G-13 

### Thuricide® 48LV Thuricide® 76LV Thuricide® 48LV and Thuricide® 76LV, which contain 48 and 76 BIU/gallon respectively, are registered fo r use at up to 40 BIU/acre. ( See Insecticide Labels and MSDSs on page F-1 )

Thuricide® 48LV and Thuricide® 76LV can be diluted with water or used undiluted. The rate of application can be 24, 30, or 40 BIU/gallon/acre. A sticker is in the formulation, but additi onal stickers (such as Bond® or Pylac®) may be added. If a sticker is used, it should be 2 percent of total volume

Thuricide® 48LV and Thuricide® 76LV can be applied with conventional spray systems with flat-fan or hol low-cone nozzles. Undiluted (neat) applications can be applied with fl at-fan nozzles, hollow-cone nozzles, or rotary atomizers; however, nearly all undiluted applicati ons are made with rotary atomizers. 2 30 51 oz 77 oz

2 30 51 oz 0

2 24 41 oz 87 oz

2 24 41 oz 0

3 20 34 oz 94 oz

3 20 34 oz 0

3 16 27 oz 101 oz

3 16 27 oz 0



### ! CAUTION
Mix sticker with water before Btk is added. Table G-2 Application Rates of Foray® 76B

If the number of applications is: And the BIU per gallon per acre is: Or the BIU per undiluted-neat per acre is: Then the amount of Foray® 76B needed is: And the amount of water needed is:Appendix G Additional Information on Insecticides with Btk

G-14 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Residual effectiveness is 4 to 6 days.



### Dipel® 2X (?) Dipel® 2X is a wettable powder approved for gypsy mo th. Application may be by ground or air. Table G-3 Application Rates of Thuricide® 48LV

If the number of applications is: And the BIU per gallon per acre is: Or the BIU per undiluted-neat per acre is: Then the amount of Thuricide® 48LV needed is: And the amount of water needed is:

2 40 107 oz 21 oz

2 40 107 oz 0

2 30 80 oz 48 oz

2 30 80 oz 0

2 24 64 oz 64 oz

2 24 64 oz 0

Table G-4 Application Rates of Thuricide® 76LV

If the number of applications is: And the BIU per gallon per acre is: Or the BIU per undiluted-neat per acre is: Then the amount of Thuricide® 76LV needed is: And the amount of water needed is:

2 40 68 oz 41 oz

2 40 68 oz 0

2 30 51 oz 77 oz

2 30 51 oz 0

2 24 41 oz 87 oz

2 24 41 oz 0Appendix G Additional Information on Chemical Insecticides

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual G-15 

### Additional Information on Chemical Insecticides Diflubenzuron (Dimilin®) Diflubenzuron belongs to a group of compounds called insect growth regulators (IGR). When i ngested by the gypsy moth ca terpillars, diflubenzuron disrupts the formation of a new cutic le (outer skin) during molting. The caterpillar cannot complete the molting process, its body wall ruptures, and the insect dies.

Environmental Hazards —Diflubenzuron is extremel y toxic to crab, shrimp, and other aquatic invertebrates. Do not apply directly to water or wetlands, except under forest canopy when used to control forest pests. Drift or runoff from treated areas may be hazardous to aquatic organisms in neighboring areas. Do not contaminate water by cleaning equipment or disposing wastes.
Under the name Dimilin®, two formulat ions of diflubenzuron are currently available.
Dimilin® 4L is a liquid containing 40.4 percent di flubenzuron by weight (4 pounds of diflubenzuron per gallon of formulation).
Dimilin® 25W is a wettable powder fo rmulation that contains 0.25 pounds of diflubenzuron per pound. Dimi lin® 25W is applied at the rate of 0.015 to 0.06 pounds active ingredient per acre.

( See Insecticide Labels and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) on page F-1 for suppliers.)
Before mixing pesticide, check and adjust the pH to be in the range of pH 6.0 to 7.0. To lower pH, use commercially available phosphoric acid (85 percent). One ounce of phosphoric acid will adjust 5 00 gallons of water from a pH of 9.0 to an acceptable level (between 6.0 and 7.0).

Dimilin® does not need a sticker. Di milin® can be applied up to 2 hours before rainfall. If excessive foam ing develops, cut back on agitation.

NOTICE
Dimilin® 4L and Dimilin® 25W are by far the most effective insecticides available for gypsy moth control. Whenever possible, Dimilin® should be used for gypsy moth eradication and regulatory control.Appendix G Additional Information on Chemical Insecticides

G-16 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Mortality will not be noti ceable until about 4 to 6 days following treatment. Look for dead larvae on the undersides of leaves. Dimilin® should give excellent control of first, sec ond, third, and fourth instar larvae.
For the greatest effectivenes s, treat: 1) when larvae are late first and early second instar; or 2) when general leaf development is one-third to one-half complete. Continue treatm ent until most of larvae are mid-fourth instar. 

### Tebufenozide (MimicTM 2LV) Tebufenozide mimics the action of the insect hormone that induces molting and metamorphosis.

Mimic TM 2LV, which contains tebufenozide as the active ingredient, is highly active against most lepidopterous larvae. At typi cal use rates, MimicTM 2LV has practically no activity against othe r orders of insects. MimicTM 2LV controls lepidopterous larvae by inducing a premature lethal molt that begins within hours of ingestio n of treated surfaces.

Mimic TM 2LV is approved for both ground appl ication and aerial application. Application may be on forests, (commercia l, private, and public forest land), Christmas tree plantations, nurseries for ornamental and shade trees, and shrubs.07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual H-1 Appendix 

# H Appendix H

Guidelines for Environmental Documents

Contents Environmental Documents H-1 Environmental Assessment (EA) H-2 Suggested Contents for an EA on the Gypsy Moth (After Freeman and Jenson) H-2 Additional Information for Completing an EA H-4 Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) H-9 Examples of a Completed FONSI H-9



### Environmental Documents Use of the outlines in this appendix will allow Plant Health Directors (PHDs) in Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ ) to comply quickly and easily with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA).
This appendix contains an outline and example for two environmental documents commonly used to initiate a gypsy moth eradication program. 1. Environmental Assessment (EA) 2. Finding of No Signi ficant Impact (FONSI)
A third environmental document, a Record of Decision (ROD), is occasionally done to record a decision ; however, the ROD is not a required document for PPQ. For certain programs, the United States Forest Service may require a ROD.
If you have any questions concerning this appendix and compliance with NEPA and/or other statutes, contact:

Environmental Services Policy and Program Development USDA-APHIS-PPD-EAD Unit 149 4700 River Road Riverdale, Maryland 20737 301-851-3095Appendix H Environmental Assessment (EA)

H-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Environmental Assessment (EA) The EA must be tiered (that is, linke d) to the detailed Final Environmental Impact Statement (F EIS) on the gypsy moth; in addi tion, the EA must describe the effects of the eradication program on a site-specific basis. The EA will briefly discuss: 1) the purpose and ne ed for the action; 2) the public’s involvement with the issue; 3) the af fected environment; 4) alternatives considered; 5) environmental consequen ces; 6) monitoring; and 7) summary. The EA will also contain agencies and persons consulted, preparers, references, and appendixes. The site-s pecific EA should be as concise as possible, but still contain all the info rmation necessary for the responsible official to make an informed decision.
After January 2002, USDA–APHIS will in creasingly use the publication of L. Freeman and S. Jenson, How to Write Quality EISs and EAs , to provide a suggested format for EAs.



### Suggested Contents for an EA on the Gypsy Moth (After Freeman and Jenson) 0.0 TITLE PAGE WITH NOTICE (1 page)
1.0 PURPOSE AND NEED FOR ACTION (3 pages) 1.1 Proposed Action 1.2 Related Documents 1.3 Decisions to be Made and Responsible Officials 1.4 Issues Used to Formulate the Alternatives 1.5 Summary of Authorizing Laws and Policies 1.5.1 State Authorizing Laws 1.5.2 Federal Authorizing Laws NOTICE Prior to decision making, submit all EAs to Environmental Services (ES) for review. The review will assure complia nce with environmental laws.

NOTICE Although the format of Freeman and Jenson is not mandatory for an EA, USDA– APHIS recommends the use of this format.Appendix H Suggested Contents for an EA on the Gypsy Moth (After

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual H-3 1.5.3 Environmental Laws 1.6 Preview (if necessary)
2.0 ALTERNATIVES (INCLUDE THE PROP OSED ACTION) (2 to 3 pages) 2.1 Overview of Chapter 2.2 Alternatives Considered in Detail 2.2.1 Alternative 1: No Action 2.2.2 Alternative 2: Btk 2.2.3 Alternative 3: Dimilin® 2.2.4 Alternative 4: NPV 2.2.5 Alternative 5: Mass Trapping 2.2.6 Alternative 6: Pheromone Flakes 2.2.7 Alternative 7: Sterile Insects 2.3 Alternatives Considered and Alternatives Eliminated 2.4 Comparative Summary of Alternatives 2.5 Preferred Alternative
3.0 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT (1 to 2 pages) 3.1 Overview of Chapter 3.2 Site Description(s) 3.2 Threatened, Endangered, and Sens itive Species and Environmental Factors 3.4 Humans (Health, Social, and Econo mic Aspects) a nd Environmental Factors
4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES (O ption 1: by Issue) (4 pages) 4.1 Overview of Chapter 4.2 Human Health and Safety (Issue 1) 4.3 Effects on Nontarget Organisms a nd Environmental Quality (Issue 2) 4.4 Economic and Political Impacts of Treatment versus Nontreatment (Issue 3) 4.5 Likelihood of the Success of the Project (Issue 4) 4.6 Unavoidable Adverse Effects 4.7 Relationship of Short-Term Use and Long-Term Productivity 4.8 Irreversible and Irretrieva ble Commitments of Resources 4.9 Other Disclosures (if any)
5.0 LIST OF PREPARERS (1 page)

6.0 LIST OF AGENCIES AND PE RSONS CONSULTED (1 page)Appendix H Additional Information for Completing an EA

H-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 7.0 APPENDIXES 7.1 References 7.2 Monitoring 7.3 Treatment Site Maps 7.4 Product Labels and Material Safety Data Sheets 7.5 Letters to/from Federa l and/or State Agencies 7.6 Public Involvement and Issues (Scoping) 7.7 Other Appropriate Documents (if any)


### Additional Information for Completing an EA 0.1TITLE PAGE WITH NOTICE
The title page should contain the following information. 0.1.1 Environmental Asse ssment (EA) Title 0.1.2 Treatment Location(s) 0.1.3 Agencies Involved (Lead Agency first) 0.1.4 Date

0.2 NOTICE—Inform readers of the fo llowing “Chapters 1 and 2 are an executive summary and that Chapters 3 and 4 contain suppor ting information.” (As appropriate, refe r readers to special pages in the EA.)

1.0 PURPOSE AND NEED FOR ACTION 1.1 PROPOSED ACTION—Explain who wa nts to do what and where and why they want to do it. 1.1.1 NEED FOR ACTION (Why but full y discuss the need for action. Reasons for action should include such economic, social, and ecological factors as the fo llowing: the value of th e host plants; the loss to any affected industries; the effect on human heal th if established; the effect on environmental quality if established; and any other sitespecific reasons. The brief discussion should touch on the history of gypsy moth infestation(s) in area or State and then brie fly supply basic background information on the gypsy moth: the gypsy moth is not native; the need to protect U.S. forests and tree; a nd the gypsy moth life cycle and its effects. This basic information is in the Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) on page 1-4 to page 1-9. Mention that the proposed action fo r gypsy moth is eradication when an infestation is isolated. The resp onse to a gypsy moth infestation is dictated by the site’s location within the United States, i.e., geography

.Appendix H Additional Informati on for Completing an EA

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual H-5 1.2 RELATED DOCUMENTS—Briefly describe the gypsy moth FEIS and risk assessments analyzing possibl e actions in detail. Explain tiering, the linkage between this EA and the FEIS or any other EA. For example, the following paragraph on the FEIS may be useful. The gypsy moth FEIS addresse d three principal issues: 1. Effect of gypsy moth presence—How does the presence of gypsy moth affect people and the environment? 2. Effect of insecticidal treatments—How do insecticidal treatments affect people and the environment? 3. Effects of noninsecticidal tr eatments—How do noninsecticidal treatments affect people and the environment? 1.3 DECISIONS TO BE MADE AND RESPONSIBLE OFFICIALS— Explain the decision(s) that must be made and identify any other agencies involved in the NEPA analysis. 1.4 ISSUES USED TO FORMULATE THE ALTERNATIVES— Summarize the scoping (refer to appendi x) and explain the relevant issues. 1.5 SUMMARY OF AUTHORIZING LAWS AND POLICIES—List Federal permits, licenses, and entitl ements necessary to implement the project. 1.5.1 STATE AUTHORIZING LAWS—List only those laws (and policies, if they exist) that appl y to this site-specific situation. 1.5.2 FEDERAL AUTHORIZING LAWS—Through several Federal laws, the USDA has broad discretionary, statutory authority to conduct gypsy moth management activities. Li st and briefly describe each. No more than one sentence for each. Exam ples of the laws are as follows. The Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 provides the authority for the USDA and State c ooperation in manage ment of forest insects and diseases, allowing USDA–APHIS and USDA–FS to work together in gypsy moth eradication projects. The Plant Protection Act of 2000 provides authority for APHIS to regulate the movement or di ssemination of plant pests. 1.5.3 ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS—List and briefly describe only those environmental laws that apply to the site-specific EA. a. National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) b. Federal Insecticide, Fungici de, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) c. National Forest Management Act d. Endangered Species Act (ESA) e. National Historic Preservation Act f. Executive Orders, incl uding Environmental JusticeAppendix H Additional Information for Completing an EA

H-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 g. Applicable State laws h. Other laws as applicable 1.6 PREVIEW—Preview the remaining chapters of the EA (especially if the Council on Environmental Qualit y (CEQ) has changed). If the CEQ organization has not changed, a preview is not necessary for most EAs.

2.0 ALTERNATIVES 2.1 OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER—Explain that this chapter describes the alternatives (potential actions) and summarizes th e environmental consequences of the alternatives. 2.2 ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED IN DETAIL—Describe the alternatives, including the proposed ac tion and no action. The descriptions should focus on potential actions, outputs, and any related mitigations.

2.2.1 ALTERNATIVE 1—No action 2.2.2 ALTERNATIVE 2— Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki ( Btk ) 2.2.3 ALTERNATIVE 3—Diflubenzuron (Dimilin®) 2.2.4 ALTERNATIVE 4—NPV (GypChek®) 2.2.5 ALTERNATIVE 5—Mass trapping 2.2.6 ALTERNATIVE 6—Pheromone flakes 2.2.7 ALTERNATIVE 7—Sterile insects 2.3 ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED AND ALTERNATIVES ELIMINATED—Explain how the alternativ es considered represent a range of reasonable alternatives. As part of the explanati on of alternatives, briefly describe the alternatives eliminated from detailed study and explain why they were eliminated. 2.4 COMPARATIVE SUMMARY OF THE ALTERNATIVES—Compare the alternatives by summarizing their environmental consequences. Detail the potential actions and outputs would cause these consequences. 2.5 PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE(S)—Iden tify the preferred alternative (for gypsy moth, this is USDA–APHIS policy). In the EA, do not give the rationale for the choice of the preferred alternative. Include this rationale in the ROD (Record of Decision) or th e Decision Document/FONSI. As an alternative, identify the preferred alternative in section 2.4.

3.0 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT NOTICE The alternatives of a site-specific EA are the treatment options from the gypsy moth FEIS.Appendix H Additional Informati on for Completing an EA

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual H-7 3.1 OVERVIEW—Explain that this chap ter represents relevant resource components of the existing environment, that is, the baseline environment. As appropriate, review the chapter c ontents so readers can easily find subsections. Briefly describe the si te-specific environment based on the terminology of the gypsy moth FEIS. 3.2 SITE DESCRIPTION(S) —Briefly describe th e following: physical location; vegetation (forests, other ar eas with trees); water present and water quality; microclimate; so ils; and nontarget organisms. 3.3 THREATENED, ENDANGERED, AND SENSITIVE SPECIES (FLORA AND FAUNA) AND ENVI RONMENTAL FACTORS—Briefly discuss: 1) any nontarget species affected; and 2) any threatened, endangered, or sensitive species in the area. 3.4 HUMANS (HEALTH, SOCIAL, AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS)AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS—Briefl y discuss human health and safety addressing relevant social and economic factors. Describe only those environmental factors applying to the site-specific environment.
4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES
Two options exist for this chapter:  Option 1: by Issue—With this option, th e arrangement of the chapter is by critical issues. One-by-one, each crit ical issue is discussed with the effect(s) of each al ternative treatment.  Option 2: by Alternative Treatments —With this option, the arrangement of the chapter is by alternative trea tments. One by one, each alternative treatment is discussed addressing the effect(s) of each alternative treatment on each critical issue.
Option 1: by Issue 4.1 OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER—Explain that this chapter is arranged by issues. Therefore, on a site -specific basis, this se ction should be developed directly (point by point) from the “A ffected Environment” section and from the treatments for the preferred alternative. The required human health and envir onmental consequences information can be found in Chapter 4 of the gypsy moth FEIS and in the Risk Assessments (Appendixes G & F). For example, incorporation of Tabl e 9-4 or Figure 9-1 from Appendix F would simplify work; they clearly and concisely show human risks. 4.2 HUMAN HEALTH AND SAFETY (ISSUE 1) 4.3 EFFECTS ON NONTARGET ORGANISMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (ISSUE 2) 4.4 ECONOMIC AND POLITICA L IMPACTS OF TREATMENT VERSUS NONTREATMENT (ISSUE 3)Appendix H Additional Information for Completing an EA

H-8 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 4.5 LIKELIHOOD OF THE SUCCESS OF THE PROJECT (ISSUE 4) 4.6 UNAVOIDABLE ADVERSE EFFECTS 4.7 RELATIONSHIP OF SHOR T-TERM USE AND LONG-TERM PRODUCTIVITY 4.8 IRREVERSIBLE AND IRRETRIEVABLE COMMITMENTS OF RESOURCES 4.9 OTHER DISCLOSURES (IF ANY) Note: The EA from Indiana ( Suggested Contents for an EA on the Gypsy Moth (After Freeman and Jenson) on page H-2 ) contains an “Environmental Consequences” chapter arranged using “issues” as the focus.
Option 2: by Alternatives 4.1 OVERVIEW OF THE CHAPTER that this chapter is arranged by alternatives. Therefore, on a site-spe cific basis, this section should be developed directly from the treatme nts for the preferred alternative. The required human health and envir onmental consequences information can be found in Chapter 4 of the gypsy moth FEIS and in the Risk Assessments (Appendixes G & F). For example, incorporation of Tabl e 9-4 or Figure 9-1 from Appendix F would simplify work; they clearly and concisely show human risks. 4.2 EFFECTS OF ALTERNATIVE 1— No action (no suppression, no eradication, no slow-the-spread) 4.2 EFFECTS OF ALTERNATIVE 1— No action (no suppression, no eradication, no slow-the-spr ead)4.4 UNAVOIDABLE ADVERSE EFFECTS 4.5 RELATIONSHIP OF SHOR T-TERM USE AND LONG-TERM PRODUCTIVITY 4.6 IRREVERSIBLE AND IRRETRIEVABLE COMMITMENTS OF RESOURCES 4.7 OTHER DISCLOSURES (IF ANY)

5.0 LIST OF PREPARERS
List the preparers of the EA, including the APHIS Plant Health Director, the representative of the State department of agriculture, and other cooperators (1 to 2 pages). Remember the list should show the following.:  Qualifications of each pr eparer (professional trai ning, years of experience, areas of expertise, a nd other distinctions)  Responsibility for a particular analysis (if applicable)

6.0 LIST OF AGENCIES AND PERSONS CONSULTEDAppendix H Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI)

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual H-9 7.0 APPENDIXES 7.1 REFERENCES—Cite pertinent references. 7.2 MONITORING—Briefly discuss the monitoring program (dye cards, and so forth) that will determin e the effects of treatments on the environment. 7.3 MAPS—Include maps of the treatment areas. 7.4 PRODUCT LABELS AND MATER IAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDS)—Include the labels and MDMSs of all insecticides to be used. 7.5 LETTERS TO/FROM FEDERAL A ND/OR STATE AGENCIES— Include pertinent letters. 7.6 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT AND ISSU ES (SCOPING)—An excellent resource for conducting public notificati on and involvement is found in the gypsy moth FEIS, Appendix C-Publ ic Involvement and Issues. 7.6.1 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT—List public meetings and/or notifications. 7.6.2 ISSUES—Briefly describe issues raised or previously known. 7.7 OTHER APPROPRIATE DOCUMENTS (IF ANY)


### Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) A FONSI, prepared by a Federal agency, briefly presents the reasons why an action will not have a significant effect. The FO NSI will refer to the EA and the FEIS by linking (tiering) . Linking is the term for incorporating by reference more detailed environmental documents , such as the gypsy moth FEIS. On standard-sized paper, the FONSI s hould be no more than two pages.
To develop a FONSI for a gypsy moth eradication program, use the FONSI outline on the following page. This outline is only a suggested outline for a FONSI.
Replace only the text in Bold-Type with site-specific information. The regulartype text should not be re placed without the prior approval of Environmental Analysis and Documentation, as this te xt satisfies require ments of various Federal statutes and regulations.

A Completed FONSI (page 1 of 2) on page H-12 and Completed FONSI (page 2 of 2) on page H-13



### Examples of a Completed FONSI On the following pages are examples of a generic FONSI and a completed FONSI.Appendix H Examples of a Completed FONSI

H-10 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Figure H-1 Generic FONSI Form (page 1 of 2) FINDING OF NO SIGNIFICANT IMPACT (for) [EXACT LOCATION BY COUNTY, STATE, OR CITY, SPECIFIC LOCATION(S), AS APPLICABLE]
[YEAR] APHIS Cooperative Gypsy Moth Eradication Program Site-Specific Environmental Assessment
[BRIEFLY DESCRIBE THE NEED FOR ACTION FROM THE EA] Under the process described in the National Environmental Policy Act, 1969 (CEPA), this EA was prepared to analyze the effect of the proposed action at the site-specific level. The environmental consequences of this program are analyzed in this EA, which is supported by and tiered to the Gypsy Moth Management in the United States: a Cooperative Approach, Final Environmental Impact Statement, November 1995 (FEIS). The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) examined the six alternativesavailable in the FEIS. APHIS supports Alternative 6 (suppression, eradication, and slowthe spread); however, by a Record of Decision (ROD), APHIS will only participate in eradication efforts. Under Alternative 6, several treatment options are available for gypsy moth eradication efforts. The treatments analyzed that may be used in an eradication efforts are the following: 1) Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki ( Btk ) , a biological insecticide; 2) diflubenzuron, a chemical insecticide; 3) gypsy moth nucleopolyhedrosis virus (NPV) or Gypchek ® , a biological insecticide; 4) mass trapping, gypsy moth traps with disparlure to attract male gypsy moths; 5) mating disruption, aerial application of disparlure; and 6) sterile insect release, release of sterile or partially sterile gypsy moth life stages. The potential environmental impacts and mitigation measures of these treatments are describe din the FEIS and EA. The EA was prepared by the [STATE AND SPECIFIC AGENCY, IF APPLICABLE] and USDA–APHIS. The FEIS and EA are available for review at:
USDA–APHIS–PPQ [LOCAL OFFICE] [FULL BUILDING, STREET ADDRESS] [CITY, STATE, ZIP] [TELEPHONE NUMBER, IF APPROPRIATE]
[STATE AGENCY, DIVISION] [FULL BUILDING, STREET ADDRESS] [CITY, STATE, ZIP] [TELEPHONE NUMBER, IF APPROPRIATE]
USDA–AHPIS–PPQ PPQ Information Center, First Floor 4700 River Road Riverdale, MD 20737Appendix H Examples of a Completed FONSI

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual H-11 Figure H-2 Generic FONSI Form (page 2 of 2) Under Alternative 6, a cooperative USDA–APHIS– [STATE] eradication project is proposed. This cooperative program selected the treatment options of [FROM THE EA, i.e., BTK AND MASS TRAPPING] (*Note: by law, APHIS can only conduct eradication programs). This eradication program will apply [STATE THE AMOUNT OF INSECTICIDE AND THE NUMBER OF TREATMENTS TO BE USED, NUMBER OF AND TYPE OF TRAPS, ETC., THIS DETAILED PART WOULD COME DIRECTLY FROM THE EA] , as detailed in the Ea. Implementation of this program, with associated operating procedures and mitigation measures as identified in the EA, will ensure that no significant adverse environmental impacts will occur to the human environment. Reasons for the Finding of No Significant Impact include the following:
[INSERT INFORMATION FROM EA SUMMARY TABLE IN TEXT FORM HERE. ALSO INCLUDE ANY OTHER REASONS MENTIONED IN THE EA, SUCH AS E&T SPECIES ARE NOT AFFECTED BECAUSE THERE ARE NONE IN TREATMENT AREA(S) OR THE PUBLIC WILL NOT BE IN TREATMENT AREA(S), ETC.]
This EA is consistent with Executive Order No. 12898, “Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations.” The implementation of this cooperative USDA–APHIS– [STATE OR DIVISION NAME] eradication project will not result in disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects on any minority populations and low-income populations. As required by the Executive Order of the President, opportunities for full participation in the NEPA process by such populations have been provided.

_____________________________________________ _________________ [AUTHORIZING FEDERAL OFFICIAL’S NAME] Date [TITLE] [UNIT OR DIVISION]Appendix H Examples of a Completed FONSI

H-12 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Figure H-3 Completed FONSI (page 1 of 2) FINDING OF NO SIGNIFICANT IMPACT (for) Thirteen Listed Counties in Wisconsin [1997] APHIS Cooperative Gypsy Moth Eradication Program Site-Specific Environmental Assessment The gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar , is an exotic plant pest, a plant pest not native to Wisconsin. As an exotic plant pest of known destructiveness, gypsy moth ahs the potential to damage and/or destroy by defoliation many plant species in the state of Wisconsin. There are no isolated infestations of gypsy moth in Wisconsin. If these isolated infestations are not eradicated, gypsy moth could become established in Wisconsin. Once established, Federal and State agencies would impose quarantine restrictions on the movement of plant products and other articles. Also, the gypsy moth would cause adverse environmental effects by its damage. Under the process described in the National Environmental Policy Act, 1969 (CEPA), this EA was prepared to analyze the effect of the proposed action at the site-specific level. The environmental consequences of this program are analyzed in this EA, which is supported by and tiered to the Gypsy Moth Management in the United States: a Cooperative Approach, Final Environmental Impact Statement, November 1995 (FEIS). The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) examined the six alternativesavailable in the FEIS. APHIS supports Alternative 6 (suppression, eradication, and slowthe spread); however, by a Record of Decision (ROD), APHIS will only participate in eradication efforts. Under Alternative 6, several treatment options are available for gypsy moth eradication efforts. The treatments analyzed that may be used in an eradication efforts are the following: 1) Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki ( Btk ) , a biological insecticide; 2) diflubenzuron, a chemical insecticide; 3) gypsy moth nucleopolyhedrosis virus (NPV) or Gypchek ® , a biological insecticide; 4) mass trapping, gypsy moth traps with disparlure to attract male gypsy moths; 5) mating disruption, aerial application of disparlure; and 6) sterile insect release, release of sterile or partially sterile gypsy moth life stages. The potential environmental impacts and mitigation measures of these treatments are describe din the FEIS and EA. The EA was prepared by the USDA–APHIS, USDA–FS, and Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection (DATCP). The FEIS and EA are available for review at:
USDA–APHIS–PPQ 1 Gifford Pinchot Drive Building 1, Room 204

Madison, WI 53705Appendix H Examples of a Completed FONSI

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual H-13 Figure H-4 Completed FONSI (page 2 of 2) Administrator, Division of Agriculture Resource Management Wisconsin (DATCP) 2811 Agriculture Drive

Madison, WI 53708
USDA–AHPIS–PPQ PPQ Information Center, First Floor 4700 River Road Riverdale, MD 20737 Under Alternative 6, a cooperative USDA–APHIS, USDA–FS, and DATCP eradication project is proposed. This cooperative program selected the treatment options of Btk at four sites. This eradication program will apply Btk (neat) at the rate of 36 billion international units per acrea per application as detailed in the EA. Implementation of this program, with associated operating procedures and mitigation measures as identified in the EA, will ensure that no significant adverse environmental impacts will occur to the human environment. Reasons for the Finding of No Significant Impact include the following:
1) Human health risk from Btk is minor. 2) Btk may kill some nontarget lepidopteran species if present and at a susceptible life stage. However, any affected native species are expected to recolonize the treated areas from nearby nontreated areas. 3) No other nontarget organisms would be affected by Btk

. 4) No endangered, threatened, or sensitive species are in the treatment areas. 5) No other effect to the human environment is known or anticipated.
This EA is consistent with Executive Order No. 12898, “Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations.” The implementation of this cooperative USDA–APHIS, USDA–FS, and the DATCP gypsy moth eradication project will not result in disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects on any minority populations and low-income population As required by the Executive Order of the President, opportunities for full participation i the NEPA process by such populations have been provided.

_____________________________________________ _________________ Jane Doe Date State Plant Health Director USDA–APHIS–PPQAppendix H Examples of a Completed FONSI

H-14 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0107/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual I-1 Appendix 

# I Appendix I
Public Meetings/Public Relations

Contents Compliance with the Final Environmenta l Impact Statement (FEIS) I-1 Public Meetings I-2 Public Relations I-3


### Compliance with the Final Enviro nmental Impact Statement (FEIS) Instructions on public relations and public meetings are covered in the Final Environmental Impact Statement under the heading “Public Involvement and Issues” (Appendix C of the gypsy moth FEIS). All inqui ries will be answered; all complaints on program operations wi ll be investigated and the findings documented.
Public notification procedur es applying to gypsy moth control projects are the following:  Announcing treatment dates to allo w anyone who has questions or concerns about adverse insecticide se nsitivity to seek medical advice and adequate shelter—individuals will be able to avoid exposure during and after treatment  Making the Final Environmental Impa ct Statement (FEIS) and related documents available to inform agenci es (U.S. Departme nt of Interior, State environmental regulatory agen cies), groups, and individuals who may be interested in or affected by proposed actions  Providing public notice of scoping activ ities (e.g., when and where public meetings are scheduled)Appendix I Public Meetings

I-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Public Meetings To comply with the National Envir onmental Policy Act (NEPA), a public scoping meeting is mandatory to provi de for public input on issues and concerns and to limit the scope of the analysis to be provided by the EA. The public must be notified of when and wher e the public meeting will be held. The purpose of the public meeting is to ge t public involvement in the decisionmaking process, to identify issues of concern, and to provide information on the various options and the consequenc es. When chemical applications are being recommended, a Scie nce and Technology or Methods Development (?) representative should be present at each public meeting.
At the public meeting, do the following. 1. Present all the options availabl e (including “No Action”) along with recommended or preferred option. 2. Explain the reasoning and logic fo r the preferred/recommended option. 3. Discuss the consequences of the proposed action (if any).
In addition, State and Federal agencies cooperating with APHIS and the Forest Service will actively seek public partic ipation and involvement at the local level.
The aims of the public involve ment process are the following:  To discuss the consequences (if any) of the proposed action  To explain the proposedaction and its need  To guide the environmental assessment process  To identify individuals sensitive to the insecticides planned for use allowing appropriate mitigating measures to be developed  To identify local issues and concerns  To stimulate discussion of alternat ive measures and their consequences
Because the goal of eradication projects is to eradicate gypsy moth, residents do not have the option of having thei r property dropped from the proposed treatment block. Mitigati ng measures will be employed to minimize the concerns of those residents who are un able to opt out of control projects.
The public must be informed of th e treatment boundaries and when (if approved) treatment will be gin. Maps must show the ar eas to be treated. With this information, the public will know what to expect.Appendix I Public Relations

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual I-3 

### Public Relations At the local level, the lead agency in the program should handle publicity on program operations. Usually, a State agency is the lead agency because of: 1) extensive rural and community contacts ; and 2) familiarity with the local media. However, there must be coopera tion between all agencies to provide uniform, factual information to all segments of the public.
After selection, one individual will ac t as program spokesperson. The media will receive the name and telephone num ber of the official spokesperson. By having one spokesperson, information fl ow is managed (the spokesperson knows what information has been given to the media) and the quality of the information is maintained (the spokesp erson is always kept well informed).Appendix I Public Relations

I-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0107/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual J-1 Appendix 

# J Appendix J
Checking and Calibrating Aircraft

Contents Introduction J-1 Checking and Calibration Procedures J-1 Procedure for Hydraulic- or El ectric-Driven Systems J-6 Procedure for Wind-Driven Pumps J-8



### Introduction Calibration is adjusting sp ray equipment to uniformly apply pesticide at the desired rate per acre. Calibrate each ai rcraft at the beginning of the program and monitor calibration dur ing the program to assure the discharge rate is correct and remains constant.
With hydraulic- or electric-driven sy stems, calibrate on the ground. For winddriven systems, the aircraft must fl y and spray for a gi ven amount of time.



### Checking and Calibration Procedures For checking and calibrati ng, use the following instructions and information in the Aerial Application Manual . In the Aerial Application Manual , the section on Pilot/Aircraft Inspection is particular ly helpful; this information should be read before checking and calibrating the aircraft.
Step 1: Check for Cleanliness and Faulty Equipment Check the following aircraft parts for cleanliness before calibrating; check mixing equipment at this time:
 In-line and nozzle screens  Spray system and the aircraft in general  Spray tank Step 2: Check for Leaks Check nozzles for the following:
 Alignment—all tips must be alignedAppendix J Checking and Calibration Procedures

J-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01  Condition—nozzles should be stainles s steel and new; do not use brass nozzle tips  End nozzle feed—if a boom extends more than six inches beyond the end nozzle, the end nozzle must be fed from the end of the boom by a bleed line  End nozzle location—location of the end nozzle must be no more than three quarters of the wingspan  Number and size—all nozzles must be present and the same size  Orientation to the desired direction
Load aircraft with a suitable amount ( 50 to 75 gallons) of water, run system, and check for leaks. Check for leaks with the mixing equipment (agitators) running. Ensure the system can maintain the desired pressure. If leaks are present, have the contra ctor make repairs, then recheck the equipment. Step 3: Determine Acres Covered Per Minute Use Table J-1 and Table J-2 to determine the swath widt h of aircraft being used on the project. For aircraft not listed, contact: APHIS Aircraft and Equipment Operations (AEO), 22675 N. Moorefie ld Road, Edinburg, TX 78541; (956) 580-7270 for an effective swath. Use Table J-3 to determine acres covered per minute.
For all aircraft on APHIS programs, the Department has established an effective swath width and suggested spray tip size for most fixed-wing and rotary aircraft in the agricultural industry.
Aircraft categories have b een established to help pr ogram planning for desired aircraft based on the insect life cycle, timing of applicat ion, support personnel, adequate airport space, re quired aircraft performance, length and strength of runways, taxiways, ramps, and the elevat ion and type of terrain to be treated.
A global positioning system (GPS) wi th moving map technology should be used whenever possible.
GPSs use 24 satellites sending encoded ra dio signals to determine the precise location of an individual or an object . Linked with a computer software program called a geographic informati on system (GIS), a computer can decipher the remote-sensed satellite information. Using this technology, pesticide applicators can pinp oint their precise location.
The swath width may be adjusted to match the electronic guidance system flight lines provided the change is within 10% of the assigned swath width.
For formation flying, only the lead aircraft needs a guidance system.Appendix J Checking and Calibration Procedures

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual J-3 Table J-1 Swath Width for Airplane
Oil Mixtures 1

1 Includes malathion and Sev in 4-Oil Water Mixtures Nozzle Tip 2

2 Stainless steel flat fan Airplane and Category 3

3 Category is shown in parentheses Feet Feet 8 oz/AMalathion 20 oz/A Sevin 4- oil 32 oz/A Orthene
Boeing B-17 (A) 500 350 8010 8015 8020 Douglas DC-4/DC-6 (A) 550 400 8010 8015 8020 Fairchild C-119 (A) 500 350 8010 8015 8020 Douglas DC-7B & 7C (A) 650 500 8015 8020 8030 L100-30 Hercules (A) (with

Adds Pack Spraying System) 800 650 8008 8010 8015

Curtiss C-46 (B) 500 350 8010 8015 8020 Douglas DC-3/C47 (B) 400 300 8008 8010 8015 Lockheed PV-2 (B) 400 300 8010 8015 8020 Martin 404 (B) 500 350 8010 8015 8020 Douglas B-26 (B) 400 300 8010 8015 8020 Grumman TBM (C) 250 200 8008 8010 8015 Turbine Thrush (C) 150 100 8004 8006 8008 Turbine Air Tractor (C) 150 100 8004 8006 8008 Turbine Ag-Cat (C) 150 100 8004 8006 8008 Thrush (800hp) (C) 150 100 8004 8006 Thrush (1200hp) (C) 150 100 8004 8006 8008 Ag-Cat (800hp) (C) 150 100 8004 8006 Ag-Cat (1200hp) (C) 150 100 8004 8006 8008 Twin Beech/C-45 (C) 150 100 8004 8006 8008 Piper Aztec PA-23

(500hp)(C) 150 100 8004 8006 8008
Cessna (all 188 Models) (D) 100 75 8002 8003 8004 Thrush/Snow/Air Tractor (D) 125 100 8002 8003 8004 Ag-Cat (A Models) (D) 100 75 8002 8003 8004 Ag-Cat (B & C Models) (D) 125 100 8002 8003 8004 Piper Brave (D) 100 75 8002 8003 8004 Piper Pawnee (230-

260hp)(D) 100 75 8002 8003 8004
Stearman (450-600 hp) (D) 100 75 8002 8003 8004 Weatherly (D) 100 75 8002 8003 8004Appendix J Checking and Calibration Procedures

J-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Formula for Acres Covered per Minute Determine acres covered per minut e by using the following formula.
Acres per minute = swath width (ft) x speed (mph) 495 Table J-2 Swath Width for Helicopters

Helicopters and Category 1

1 Category is shown in parentheses Malathion, Sevin 4–Oil, and all oil mixtures (ft) All water mixt ures (ft.)
Bell 204/205/212/214 (A) 150 120 Sikorsky S-58-T (A) 150 120 Sikorsky S-55-T (B) 120 100 Alouette III (B) 120 100 Alouette II (C) 100 75 Bell 206 (C) 100 75 Hughes 500 (C) 100 75 Hiller Seloy (C) 100 75 Bell Seloy (C) 100 75 Bell 47 (D) 100 75 Hiller 12E (D) 100 75

Table J-3 Acres Covered Per Minute

Ground Speed (mph) Swath Width
30 35 40 45 50 75 100 150
40 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 6.1 8.1 16.1 50 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.6 5.0 7.6 10.1 20.2 60 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.4 6.1 9.1 12.1 24.2 70 4.2 5.0 5.7 6.4 7.1 10.6 14.1 28.3 80 4.8 5.7 6.4 7.1 8.1 12.1 16.2 32.3 90 5.4 6.4 7.3 8.2 6.1 13.6 18.2 36.4 100 6.1 7.1 8.1 9.1 10.1 15.2 20.2 40.4 110 66.7 7.8 8.9 10.0 11.1 16.7 22.2 44.4 120 7.3 8.5 9.7 10.9 12.1 18.2 24.2 48.5 130 7.9 9.2 10.5 11.8 13.1 19.7 26.3 52.5 140 8.5 19.9 11.3 12.7 14.1 21.2 28.3 56.6Appendix J Checking and Calibration Procedures

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual J-5 Step 4: Determine the Gallons Per Minute (GPM) Output Use the following formula for de termining gallons per minute.
GPM = Acres per minute x rate per acre in ounces 128 ounces

Ensure the pump will deliver the required gallons-per-minute rate. Step 5: Determine the Number of Nozzles to Install (Flat Fans) Use the following formula to determin e the number of nozzles to install.

GPM = Number of nozzles required (water at 40 psi) Nozzle flow rate

Use correction flow factor for materials other than water. Step 6: Determine Flow Per Nozzle or Atomizer Per Minute Use the following formula for determin ing flow per nozzle or atomizer.

Flow/Atomizer/Minute = GPM number of atomizers EXAMPLE Using a swath width of 50 feet and a speed of 100 mph, calculate the following.
Acres per minute = 50 x 100 = 10.1 495

EXAMPLE The aircraft will cover 10.1 acre s per minute. The pesticide label specifies an application rate of 60 ounces per acre. Using the figures above, the formula results in the following.

10.1 acres/minute x 60 ounces/acre = 4.7 gallons per minute 128 ounces

EXAMPLE To determine the number of nozzles required to deliver 4.7 GPM using a nozzle tip 8002, do the following calculations.

4.7 GPM = 23.5 nozzles required for water at 40 psi (round up to 24) 0.2 nozzles flow rateAppendix J Checking and Calibration Procedures

J-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Step 7: Determine Pressure and Flow Settings The flow rate of a spray tip orifice is proportional to the square root of the operating pressure. To double th e flow rate, the pressure must be increased four times. If the examples above were init ially used to set up the aircraft, the optimum pressure of 40 PSI may be adjust ed slightly to achieve the exact flow rate per minute. In some instances, removing or adding a nozzle may be required. When using rotary atomizers, refer to the manufacturer flowchart to determine the most accurate combination of pressure and variable restrictor unit (VRU) setting.
Step 8: Test Output of Spray System 

### Procedure for Hydraulic- or Electric-Driven Systems Load the aircraft with a suitable amount of spray formulation (50 to 75 gallons). Prime the system and set the pressure.
Evacuate air from boom ends by either : 1) slightly opening end caps; 2) installing valves in boom tips; or 3) connecting outboard atomizer inlet to outermost boom port.See Figure J-1 for diagram. EXAMPLE If the speed is 110 mph and assigned swath is 200 feet, what is the calibrated flow rate through each rotary atomizer if 6-Micronair AU5000 units are used and the applied volume is 64 ounces/acre?
Acres per minute: Using the table, determine 44.4 acres per minute coverage. Gallons per minute: 44.4 ac/min x 64 oz./ac = 22.2 gallons per minute 128

Gallons/Minute/Atomizer: 22.2 GPM = 3.7 gallons/minute/atomizer 6 atomizersAppendix J Checking and Calibration Procedures

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual J-7 Figure J-1 Diagram of Spray Boom Flow Through Bleed Line to Outer NozzlesAppendix J Checking and Calibration Procedures

J-8 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Place a bucket under each atomizer/noz zle and run the spray system for one minute.

Collect material from each nozzle, measure volume out put from each atomizer/ nozzle, and compare to calculated rate . Check total output. If the amount is low, raise the pressure for small amount s or add nozzles if greater amounts are needed. If the amount is high, lower pre ssure or remove nozzles. If pressure changes are not suitable, the VRU setting can be adjusted when using Micronair atomizers.
Optimally, the system should deliver th e desired amount of spray; however, plus or minus five percent is acceptable. 

### Procedure for Wind-Driven Pumps Load the aircraft with a suitable amount of spray formulation (50 to 75 gallons). Fly the aircraft to prime the sy stem. Set the pressure while in flight. This must be accomplished in a designate d area or in the treatment area. After the system is primed, position the airc raft on a level surface and mark the location of the aircraft tires on the lo ading area. Add a me asured volume of product to the spray tank and note the leve l either through a sight window or by measuring the distance from the top or bottom of the tank to the fluid surface of the product.
Fly the aircraft and operate the spra y system over the designated area or treatment area for one minute.

Return the aircraft to the same locat ion as marked and measure the amount needed to refill to the original level. Use this amount to ca lculate the output per minute.
Adjust the spray system, if necessary, to change output. If the amount is low, raise the pressure for small amounts or add atomizers/nozzles if greater amounts are needed. If pressure change s are not suitable, adjust the VRU setting when using Mi cronair atomizers.
Optimally, the system should deliver exactly the desired amount of spray; however, plus or minus fi ve percent is acceptable.



### ! CAUTION With some material, the viscosity and flow rate will change with temperature changes, which can result in inaccurate application.07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual K-1 Appendix 

# K Appendix K

Nozzles and Pressures

Contents Introduction K-1 Flat Fan (Stainless Steel) K-2 Rotary Atomizer Nozzles K-3 Spray Tip Wear K-4 Screens K-4



### Introduction Nozzles, either fixed or rotary atom izer type, are used to atomize the insecticide into the desired droplet size.

Ensure the end nozzle is no more than three-quarters of the wing span. If the boom extends 6 inches or more beyond the last nozzle, feed that nozzle from the end of the boom with a bleed line. See Figure K-1 on the following page.
Do not accept nozzles that do not produce the desired droplet sizes. Excessively large droplets wa ste insecticide, may burn tender foliage, or leave harmful residues. Spray droplets that ar e too small may drift, contaminate food or feed crops in adjacent areas, and possibly damage the environment.Appendix K Flat Fan (Stainless Steel)

K-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Flat Fan (Stainless Steel) When flat fan nozzles are used, the spray contract s hould specify stainless steel nozzles. Do not allow the use of brass nozzle tips.
Two types of flat fan spra y tips are used on gypsy mo th programs. The tapered edge flat fan (8004) and the even flat fan (8004E). The tapered edge spray tip produces a pattern with heavier spray in the center and tapering to the edge. The even spray tip produces a uniform sp ray pattern from edge to edge. Both types are approved for use on APHIS programs. Figure K-1 Diagram of Spray Boom Flow Through Bleed Line to Outermost NozzlesAppendix K Rotary Atomizer Nozzles

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual K-3 Flat fan spray tips are categorized by the angle of the spray pattern and the flow rate when spraying water at 40 pounds per square inch. The angle of the spray pattern can vary according to th e design of the nozzle, boom pressure, and surface tension of the spray material.
The desired droplet size can be obtaine d by orienting the spray nozzle from 45 degrees into the wind to 180 degrees trailing.
Examples of spray nozzles follow. 1. Spraying Systems Company— TeeJet 8002 (flat spray tip) A. 80 = 80 o fan angle B. 02 = 0.2 gallon-per-minute flow rate 2. Spraying Systems Company—TeeJ et 8003E (even fl at spray tip) A. 80 = 80 o fan angle B. 03 = 0.3 gallon-per-minute flow rate C. E = even flat spray tip 3. Delavan Corporation—LF- 2-80o (flat fan spray tip) A. LF = Flat spray tip B. 2 = 0.2 gallon-per-minute flow rate C. 80 = 80 o fan angle 4. Delavan Corporation—LE-3-80 o (even flat spray tip) A. LE = even flat spray tip B. 3 = 0.3 gallon-per-minute flow rate C. 80 = 80 o fan angle



### Rotary Atomizer Nozzles Rotary atomizers are driven by wind, hydr aulic, or electrical power. The spray material is delivered to the center of the unit and dispensed by centrifugal force. Droplet sizes are changed by rota ting the device faster to decrease droplet size and slow er to increase droplet size. Rotation speed is controlled by adjusting the pitch of the drive prope ller or by changing the speed of the electric motor.

The Micronair Mini Atomizer is an exam ple of the rotary atomizer capable of 2,000 to 12,000 revolutions per minute. By adjusting the fan blade, the rotational speed is changed and droplet size can be adjusted from 80 to 1,000 microns.Appendix K Spray Tip Wear

K-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Spray Tip Wear As spray tips are used, ab rasion and erosion will incr ease the nozzle flow rate. Replace spray tips when a calibration chec k indicates a five percent flow rate increase. Most spray tip orifices are av ailable in more than one material. The use of spray tips made of abrasive-resis tant material, such as stainless steel, will provide long wear life.



### Screens Filter screens prevent foreign materials from entering and damaging precision parts of the system. These screens al so prevent nozzle spray tips from clogging. Unless otherwise specified by the pesticide manufacturer, each spray system should be equipped with a 50-me sh, in-line screen between the pump and boom and nozzle screens as reco mmended by the nozzle manufacturer.
Check and clean screens often to pr event misapplication of pesticides.07/2012-02 Gypsy Moth Manual L-1 Appendix 

# L Appendix L
Procedures for Composting Bark

Contents Procedure for Composting Bark in a Trench L-1 Procedure for Composting Bark in a Pile L-3


### Procedure for Composting Bark in a Trench Step 1: Start a Compost Pile Start a compost pile of at least 200 cubic yards in one end of a trench.Appendix L Procedure for Composting Bark in a Trench

L-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-02 Step 2: Leave Compost Pile Undisturbed Allow the compost pile to remain undi sturbed until the te mperature reaches 120 °F (49 °C) for at least 4 continuous days. In situations where 120 °F (49 °C) cannot be maintained for at least 4 continuous days, the compost pile shall remain undisturbed until th e temperature reaches 100 o F (37.8 °C) for at least 6 continuous days.
Step 3: Remove Compost Pile’s Outer Layer Using a front-end loader or a bulldozer, remove the outer la yer of the compost pile to a depth of 3 feet.
Step 4: Start a Second Compost Pile Down the trench, start a second compost pile using the recently removed cover material as a core.
Step 5: Move the Core Material Move the core material from the firs t compost pile and place on the second compost pile as a cover at least 3 feet deep. (Leave some composted material to serve as “inoculum” for subsequent piles.)
Step 6: Leave Second Compost Pile Undisturbed Allow the second compost pile to rema in undisturbed until the temperature reaches 120 °F (49 °C) for at least 4 c ontinuous days. In situations where 120 °F (49 °C) cannot be maintained for at least 4 continuous days, the second compost pile shall remain undisturbed until the temperature reaches 100 °F (37.8 °C) for at least 6 continuous days.
Step 7: Remove Second Compost Pile Remove the second compost pile a nd use as fully composted material.
Step 8: Repeat Procedure NOTICE 1. The material on the outer side of the compost pile must be free of both eggs that could hatch and larvae. 2. The compost pile must be as far aw ay from host material as possible.

NOTICE This procedure will allow continuous operati on. After the first compost pile is “turned” to become the second compost pile, a new “first” compost pile can be started.Appendix L Procedure for Composting Bark in a Pile

07/2012-02 Gypsy Moth Manual L-3 

### Procedure for Composting Bark in a Pile Step 1: Start a Compost Pile Start a compost pile of at least 200 cubic yards.

Step 2: Leave Compost Pile Undisturbed Allow the compost pile to remain undi sturbed until the temperature reaches 120 °F (49 °C) for at least 4 continuous days. In situations where 120 °F (49 °C) cannot be maintained for at least 4 continuous days, the compost pile shall remain undisturbed until th e temperature reaches 100 o F (37.8 °C) for at least 6 continuous days.
Step 3: Remove Compost Pile’s Outer Layer Using a front-end loader or a bulldozer, remove the outer la yer of the compost pile to a depth of 3 feet.
Step 4: Start a Second Compost Pile Start a second compost pile using the re cently removed cover material as a
core. Step 5: Move the Core Material Move the core material from the firs t compost pile and place on the second compost pile as a cover at least 3 feet deep. (Leave some composted material to serve as “inoculum” for subsequent piles.)
Step 6: Leave Second Compost Pile Undisturbed Allow the second compost pile to rema in undisturbed until the temperature reaches 120 °F (49 °C) for at least 4 c ontinuous days. In situations where 120 °F (49 °C) cannot be maintained for at least 4 continuous days, the second compost pile shall remain undisturbed until the temperature reaches 100 °F (37.8 °C) for at leas t 6 continuous days.
Step 7: Remove the Second Compost Pile Remove the second compost pile a nd use as fully composted material. NOTICE 1. The material on the outer side of the compost pile must be free of both eggs that could hatch and larvae. 2. The compost pile must be as far aw ay from host material as possible.Appendix L Procedure for Composting Bark in a Pile

L-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-02 Step 8: Repeat Procedure NOTICE This procedure will allow continuous operati on. After the first compost pile is “turned” to become the second compost pile, a new “first” compost pile can be started.07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual M-1 Appendix 

# M Appendix M

Accurate Statement

Contents Introduction M-1 Required Information for the Accurate Statement M-1



### Introduction This appendix contains informati on on the signed Accurate Statement described in the revised gypsy moth regulations. There are actually two Accurate Statements, one for logs and one for pulpwood or wood chips. The Accurate Statement must be attached to the waybill or other shipping documents accompanying logs, pulpwood, and wood chips inspected under a Compliance Agreement.



### Required Information for the Accurate Statement The signed Accurate Statement must contain the following information:
 Applicable Federal quarantine (7 CFR 301.45)  Certification statement (see below)  Date of inspection  Destination of Regulated Articles  Location of in spection site  Mailing address of inspector  Name of inspector  Signature of inspector  Type and quantity of Regulated Article(s)Appendix M Required Information for the Accurate Statement

M-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Figure M-1 Example of Accurate Statement for Logs and Poles Accurate Statement for Logs and Poles

Name of Inspector: _________________

__________________ ___________________________
Mailing Address of Inspector: ____________

______________________ ___________________ (including company name)

________ __________________ ___________________________

________ __________________ ___________________________

Location of Inspection Site: _______

_______________________________________ _________
Applicable Federal Quarantine: ____7CFR 301.45

____________________ _________________
Regulated Article(s): ______________________

______________________ _________________

___________ __________________________ _______________ _________

___________ __________________________ _______________ _________
Destination of Regulated Article(s): ____________________

_____________________________

Certification Statement: I certify that all of the exterior surfaces (100 percent inspection) of the following logs were inspected in accordance with the gypsy moth regulations (7 CFR 301.45) and the Gypsy Moth Program Manual

. Number of Logs: ___________ _________ Species: __________

_____________ _____________ As a result of the inspection, I certify that: No life stages of the gypsy moth were found All life stages found were treated This inspection occurred no more than five days prior to the date of movement. After the inspection, the logs were safeguarded to prevent infestation or reinfestation by gypsy moth. The above information is true to the best of my knowledge. Signature of Inspector: ______________

__________________ ___________________________ Date of Inspection: _______________

_______________________________________________Appendix M Required Information for the Accurate Statement

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual M-3 Accurate Statement for Pulpwood (or Wood Chips)

Name of Inspector: _________________

__________________ ___________________________
Mailing Address of Inspector: ____________

______________________ ___________________ (including company name)

________ __________________ ___________________________

________ __________________ ___________________________

Location of Inspection Site: _______

_______________________________________ _________
Applicable Federal Quarantine: ____7CFR 301.45

_____________________________________
Regulated Article(s): ______________________

______________________ _________________

___________ __________________________ _______________ _________

___________ __________________________ _______________ _________
Destination of Regulated Article(s): ____________________

_____________________________

Certification Statement: I certify the pulpwood (or wood chips) were handled in accordance with the gypsy moth regulations (7 CFR 301.45) and the Gypsy Moth Program Manual

. Quantity: __________________________ Regulated Article: ____________________________

The above information is true to the best of my knowledge.

Signature of Inspector: ______________

__________________ ___________________________
Date of Inspection: _______________

_______________________________________________

Figure M-2 Example of Accurate Statement for Pulpwood (or Wood Chips)Appendix M Required Information for the Accurate Statement

M-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0107/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual N-1 Appendix 

# N Appendix N
Certificate of Origin

Sample of a Certificate of Origin A Certificate of Origin a ppears on the following page.Appendix N Sample of a Certificate of Origin

N-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Figure N-1 Certificate of Origin07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual O-1 Appendix 

# O Appendix O

Checklist for Outdoor Household Articles (OHAs)

Contents Checklist for OHAs O-1 House Items O-1 Yard and Garden Items O-2 Recreational or Camping Items O-3 Children's Playthings O-3 Building Materials O-3 Other Items O-4 Comments O-4



### Checklist for OHAs
House Items  Air conditioner  Barrels  Boxes (cardboard and wooden)  Chimney stack  Clothespin bag  Cupola  Firewood  House plants (if kept outside in summer)  Ladder  Outdoor thermometer  Refrigerators, washing machines, stoves  Sheets of plastic  Shutters  Storage shed  Storm doors, storm windows, screen doors  Tanks for propane and oilAppendix O Checklist for OHAs

O-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01  Trash cans  TV antenna  Water hoses  Weathervane  Window awnings 

### Yard and Garden Items  Animal houses or hutches (dogs, rabbits)  Bags of stones, peat moss, mulch, and bales of hay  Barbecue grill  Beehive  Birdbath  Birdfeeder  Birdhouse  Bug light  Cart  Clothesline pole  Coldframes  Driftwood  Fencing (snow, hurricane)  Fertilizer spreader  Fish Pond  Flagpole  Garden tiller  Gypsy moth traps  Lawn mower  Mailbox  Porch and patio furniture  Sheets of plastic  Signs and posts  Snowblower  Storage shed  Swimming pool  Tools (rake, hoe)Appendix O Checklist for OHAs

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual O-3  Trellis  Wheelbarrow  Yard decorations (statues, planters , milk cans, bells, wishing wells) 

### Recreational or Camping Items  Camper  Backpack  Basketball backboard  Boat  Boat trailer  Ice chest  Motorcycle  Motor home  Recreational vehicle  Snowmobile  Sports equipment  Tarp  Tent  Waders or fishing boots 

### Children's Playthings  Bicycle, tricycle  Playhouse  Sandbox  Sled, toboggan  Swimming pool  Swing set  Tire swing  Wagon 

### Building Materials  Brick, cinderblock  Cement mixing tubs  Ladder  Lumber  Roofing materials (shingles, gutters)Appendix O Checklist for OHAs

O-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01  Sewer pipe  Sheets of plastic  Tools (saw, shovel, toolbox)  Water pipe  Welding equipment  Workbench 

### Other Items  Cars and trucks (if not driven regularly)  Car body parts  Car ramps  Farm items  Nursery equipment  Stored tires (snow, used) 

### Comments07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual P-1 Appendix 

# P Appendix P
Qualified Certified Applicator (QCA) Document

Contents QCA Document P-1 Mobile Home and Associated Items P-2 Comments P-3



### QCA Document The QCA Document can be located on the following page.Appendix P QCA Document

P-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 

### Mobile Home and Associated Items  Air conditioners (remove covers)  Awnings (open if necessary)  Blocks on which the mobile home rests Figure P-1 QCA Document QCA DOCUMENT The household move below involves a mobile home and/or OHAs that could have come in contact with some life stage of the gypsy moth. The mobile home and/or OHAs were examined for all life stages; as a result, were ____ found to be free or ____ treated to be free. 1. NAME OF PERSON MOVING:

2. MOVING TO (DESTINATION):

Street address: City: State: ZIP:

3. MOVING FROM (PRESENT ADDRESS):

Street address: City: State: ZIP:

4. DATES: Date of inspection:

Date of move: 5. TELEPHONE NUMBERS:

Old home:

Work:

New home:

Work:

6. MOVING FIRM DATA:

Name of firm:

Street address: City: State: ZIP: Telephone number (with area code):

7. INSPECTION DATA: A. Notice: This certificate is valid only if issued not more than five days before the move. See block 4. B. Mobile Home Inspection:

Yes No See list on back.

OHAs Inspection:

Yes No See attached list. Name of QCA (printed) Certificate No. Signature of QCAAppendix P QCA Document

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual P-3  Chimney flashing and rainguard  Compressors  Drainpipes  Expando unit (open if necessary)  Fuse box, circuit breaker box, a nd/or electrical connections  Hitch, including undersides of the I-beams and junctions  License plate  Moldings (probe if necessary)  Mud flaps  Patio room  Propane gas tanks (remove covers)  Roof and eaves  Shutters  Skirting  Steps  Taillights  Underside of the mobile home, in cluding floor boards, frame, and tubing  Vents  Wheels, including the inside of the rim and brake drum s (if accessible)  Window sills (top and bottom) 

### Comments (Describe any problems or difficulties encountered)Appendix P QCA Document

P-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0107/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual Q-1 Appendix 

# Q Appendix Q
Emergency Action Notifi cation (EAN) PPQ Form 523Appendix Q

Q-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Figure Q-1 Emergency Action Notification (EAN), PPQ Form 523 FORM APPROVED - OMB NO. 0579-0102 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH INSPECTION SERVICE PLANT PROTECTION AND QUARANTINE EMERGENCY ACTION NOTIFICATION 1. PPQ LOCATION

4. LOCATION OF ARTICLES 3. NAME AND QUANTITY OF ARTICLE(S)

5. DESTINATION OF ARTICLES

8. SHIPMENT ID NO.(S)

13. COUNTRY OF ORIGIN 7. NAME OF CARRIER

10. PORT OF LADING 11. DATE OF ARRIVAL

17. AFTER RECEIPT OF THIS NOTIFICATION COMPLETE SPECIFIED ACTION WITHIN ( S p ecif y No. Hours or No. Da y s ) : 18. SIGNATURE OF OFFICER:

ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF RECEIPT OF EMERGENCY ACTION NOTIFICATION I hereby acknowledge receipt of the foregoing notification. SIGNATURE AND TITLE: DATE AND TIME:

19. REVOCATION OF NOTIFICATION ACTION TAKEN:

SIGNATURE OF OFFICER: DATE:

PPQ FORM 523 (JULY 2002) Previous editions are obsolete. 9. OWNER/CONSIGNEE OF ARTICLES

Name:

Address:

PHONE NO. FAX NO.

SS NO. TAX ID NO. 15. FOREIGN CERTIFICATE NO.

15b. DATE 15a. PLACE ISSUED

Under Sections 411, 412, and 414 of the Plant Protection Act (7 USC 7711, 7712, and 7714) and Sections 10404 through 10407 of t he Animal Health Protection Act (7 USC 8303 through 8306), you are hereby notified, as owner or agent of the owner of said carrier, premises, and/or articl es, to apply remedial measures for the pest(s), noxious weeds, and or article(s) specified in Item 12, in a manner satisfactory to and under the supervision of an Agriculture Officer. Remedial measures shall be in accordance with the action specified in Item 16 and shall be completed within the time specified in Item 1 7. AFTER RECEIPT OF THIS NOTIFICATION, ARTICLES AND/OR CARRIERS HEREIN DESIGNATED MUST NOT BE MOVED EXCEPT AS DIRECTED BY AN AGRICULTURE OFFICER. THE LOCAL OFFICER MAY BE CONTACTED AT:

Should the owner or owner's agent fail to comply with this order within the time specified below, USDA is authorized to recover from the owner or agent cost of any care, handling, application of remedial measures, disposal, or other action incurred in connection with the r emedial action, destruction, or removal. 6. SHIPPER

12. ID OF PEST(S), NOXIOUS WEEDS, OR ARTICLE(S)

16. ACTION REQUIRED

TREATMENT:

RE-EXPORTATION:

DESTRUCTION:

OTHER: SERIAL NO. According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, no persons are required to respond to a collection of information unless it d isplays a valid OMB control number. The valid OMB control number for this information is 0579-0102. The time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 1 hour per respons e, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.

2. DATE ISSUED

14. GROWER NO. 12a. PEST ID NO. 12b. DATE INTERCEPTED07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual Glossary-1 Gypsy Moth Manual 

# Glossary

Use this glossary to find the meaning of specialized words, abbreviations, acronyms, and terms used by USDA– APHIS–PPQ–RPM–Manuals Unit. To locate where in the manual a given definition, term or abbreviation is mentioned, refer to the index.



### Definitions, Terms, and Abbreviations
accurate statement. a document, prepared by an employee of an establishment operating under a Compliance Agreement, which will allow the establishment to ship logs, pulpwood, and/or wood chips; along with other items, the Accurate Statement includes a certifying statemen t, information on the type of Regulated Article, the amount and/or number of Regulated Articles, and the signature of the inspecting employee acephate. an organophosphate insecticide; the active ingredient found in insecticide formulations sold under the trade name Orthene® AI. the acronym for active ingredient active ingredient. the chemical in a product whic h produces the desired effect artificial disperal. artificial dispersal is dispersa l by other than natural means; that is, artificial dispersal occurs through human activities such as the movement of commercial pr oducts (nursery stock), vehicles (RVs, campers, cars), and forest products (logs, pulpwood with bark, bark mulch) outdoor household articles associated equipment. articles used in conjunction with mobile homes and recreational vehicles, such as, but not limited to awnings, tents, outdoor furniture, trailer blocks, and trailer skirts Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). the scientific name of the bacterium that is pathogenic to the larval stage of many lepidopterous insects. Bt is the active ingredient in several biological insec ticides sold under va rious trade names bark. the tough outside covering of the trunk, branches, and roots of trees and certain other plants; the ba rk includes all tissues outsi de the vascular cambium (Barnhart, Dictionary of Science ) bark products. products containing pieces of bark; these products include bark chips, bark nuggets, bark mulch, a nd bark compost; bark that has beenGlossary Definitions, Terms, and Abbreviations

Glossary-2 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 composted according to the procedures in Appendix M may move out of the Quarantine Area Baythroid®2. an insecticide, produced by Baye r Corporation, which contains a pyrethroid as the active ingredient Bt. the acronym for the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis and for its biological insecticide CA. the abbreviation for Compliance Agreement Carbaryl. the active ingredient in a cholin esterase-inhibiting insecticide. Insecticides containing carbaryl are so ld under the trade name Sevin® and Clear Crop® carbaryl; atrophine is highly effective as an antidote certificate. a document, PPQ Form 540, issued by PPQ officers or State personnel to allow the movement of Re gulated Articles into or through a noninfested area chloropyrifos. an organophosphate that is the active ingredient in Dursban* and Lorsban* Christmas tree. in this manual Christmas trees are trees cut from their roots. If the “Christmas trees” have their r oots attached (e.g., balled and burlapped plants), the trees are considered nurs ery stock, even if intended for display during Christmas compliance agreement (CA). an official document which specifies the conditions to be followed for growing, handling or moving Re gulated Articles; an example would be a written agreem ent between a shi pper (a person or company) engaged in handling, or m oving Regulated Articles and Plant Protection and Quarantine and the Stat e; in the CA, the shipper of the Regulated Articles agrees to comply with certain requirements to allow shipment of the Regulated Articles Confirm® T/O. an insecticide, produced by Dow AgroSciences, which contains tebufenozide as the active i ngredient; Confirm® T/O will control gypsy moth on trees and shrubs growing in commercial nurseries, in Christmas tree farms, and in outdoor landscape areas Conserve® SC. an insecticide, produced by Dow AgroSciences, which contains spinosad as the active ingred ient; Conserve* SC is for control of gypsy moth on ornamentals Cyfluthrin. a synthetic pyrethroid that is the active ingredient in a Baythroid® and DecathlonTM debarking. the removal of bark from round wood, wood carrying its natural rounded surface (debarking does not ne cessarily make the wood bark free) DecathlonTM T/O. an insecticide, sold by Olympi c Horticultural Products, that contains cyfluthrin as the active ingredient; Deca thlonTM T/O will control gypsy moth on ornamentals and nursery stockGlossary Definitions, Terms, and Abbreviations

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual Glossary-3 defoliation. defoliation is the loss or shedding of leaves; significant defoliation occurs when gypsy moths strip at least 30 percent of the leav es from the trees in a given area delimiting survey. a delimiting survey is a survey that establishes the boundaries of an area considered to be in fested or free from a pest; the typical delimiting survey for a gypsy moth infest ation uses pheromone traps, such as the delta trap Delta trap. a triangular shaped trap made of plastic coated cardboard that uses disparlure to attr act male gypsy moths detection survey. a detection survey is a survey that determines if a pest is present; detection surveys for the gyps y moth focus on finding infestations, particularly isolated infestations; the typical detection surv ey uses pheromone traps (when suspected infestations or obvi ous infestations ar e detected, further surveying using a delimiting survey usually follows) Dimilin®. an insecticide, produced by Un iroyal Chemical, which contains diflubenzuron as the active ingredien t; Dimilin® T/O will control gypsy moth on trees and shrubs growing in public and private forest s, in Christmas tree and conifer nurseries, in recreational area s, such as campgrounds, golf courses, parks, and parkways Diflubenzuron. the active ingredient of insect icide formulations sold under the trade name Dimilin®; acts as a growth regulator by interfering with chitin synthesis and prevents larvae from suc cessfully completing the molting phases disparlure. a commercially synthesized analogue of the sex pheromone emitted by the female gypsy moth to attract the male Dursban. * an insecticide, sold Dow Agro Sciences and Unite d Horticultural Supply, that contains chlorpyrifos as the active ingredient; Dursban* will control gypsy moth larvae EA. the abbreviation for envi ronmental assessment ( See Guidelines for Environmental Documents on page H-1 ) egg-mass survey. a survey to find egg masses that will establish: 1) whether reproduction of gypsy moth has occurred (i f an infestation is present); and/or 2) the population density by dete rmining the amount of reproduction eradication project. action taken to eliminate an infestation (with gypsy moth, usually an isolated infestation) established. an introduced pest, present in an area, reproducing, and expected to continue to reproduce FEIS. the abbreviation for Final Environmental Impact Statement FONSI. the abbreviation for Finding of No Significant Impact ( See Guidelines for Environmental Documents on page H-1 ) Forest Service. the Forest Service, a USDA agency, works in combination with PPQ to eradicate certain pestsGlossary Definitions, Terms, and Abbreviations

Glossary-4 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 Forey®. a biological insecticide, produced by Valent BioSciences, that contains Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki ; Forey® will control gypsy moth, but consult the labels for restrictions on use free from. of a consignment, field, or place of production: wit hout pests or a specific pest (in this case, gypsy moth) FS. the abbreviation for the Forest Service quarantine area. the area where gypsy moth is established, that is, maintaining a reproducing population golden pest spray oil. this emulsified soybean oil is used to treat gypsy moth egg masses to prevent their hatch Gypchek. USDA laboratory prepared and refined gypsy moth nucleopolyhedrosis virus; used as a biological insecticide gypsy moth. L ymantria dispar, Linnaeus, (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) a moth native to the Old World, having hairy cate rpillars that feed on foliage and are very destructive to hardwood trees Imidan® 70-W. an organopohphate insecticide, a product of the Gowan Company, that contains phosmet as the active ingredient; Imidan® 70-W will control gypsy moth on ornamental plants growing in nurseries infestation. a reproducing population in a given area IPM. the abbreviation for Integrated Pest Management isolated infestation. a reproducing population of gypsy moth, typically occupying no more than a fe w hundred acres, located outside the Quarantine Area; isolated infestations are determined as a result of a positive detection survey followed by a positive delimiting survey or egg mass survey limited permit. an official authorization (u sually PPQ Form 530, issued by PPQ officers and State personne l) for the movement of Regulated Articles to a specified destination for treatment or processing Lorsban*-4E. an insecticide, produced by Dow AgroSciences, that contains chlorpyrifos as the active ingredient; Lorsban*-4E will control gypsy moth in Christmas tree nurseries and plantations Lymantria dispar(L.). the scientific name for gypsy moth MB. the abbreviation used for methyl bromide methyl bromide. a fumigation chemical used to treat gypsy moth egg-mass MimicTM. an insecticide, produced by Dow AgroSciences, that contains tebufenozide as the active ingredien t; MimicTM will control gypsy moth on forest trees, Christ mas trees, and shrubs mobile home. any vehicle other than a recreati onal vehicle, designed to serve, when parked, as a dwelling or place of business monitoring. assessing compliance with the gypsy moth regulation by reviewing activities required by Compliance AgreementsGlossary Definitions, Terms, and Abbreviations

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual Glossary-5 NAPIS. the acronym for the National Agricult ural Pest Identification System, which serves as a repository for pe st survey information, including the information on gypsy moth natural dispersal. dispersal that occurs thro ugh natural means; for gypsy moth, natural dispersal involves the s hort-distance movement of adult moths and the longer distance spread by windblown first-instar larvae NEPA. the acronym used for the National Environmental Policy Act of 1976 ( See Guidelines for Environmental Documents on page H-1 ) noninfested area. an area where a pest (in this case, the gypsy moth) is not established NPV. the abbreviation used for nucleopol yhedrosis virus of gypsy moth OHA. the abbreviation used for an Outdoor Household Article outdoor household article. an item associated with a household that has been kept outside the home; some exampl es of OHAs are outdoor furniture, barbecue grills, dog houses, boats, hauli ng trailers, garden tools, tents, awnings, and firewood ovicide. an ovicide is a pesticide that kill eggs Phosmet. an organophosphate that is the ac tive ingredient in Imidan® posttreatment survey. a delimiting survey conducted after a treatment to determine the effectiveness of the treat ment; in an eradication program, the posttreatment survey(s) will help dete rmine if the eradication was successful QCA. the abbreviation for Qualified Certified Applicator QCA document. the document used by a pest c ontrol operator who is certified by the State or the USDA for the inters tate movement of Outdoor Household Articles (OHAs) qualified certified applicator. an individual who is: 1) a certified pesticide applicator under FIFRA (the Federal In secticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act) who can use the restri cted pesticides recommende d in this manual; and 2) a successful completor of a workshop approved by PPQ on the identification and treatment of gypsy moth life stages quarantine area. an area within which a quarant ine pest is present and is being officially controlled [FAO, 1990; revised FAO, 1995].  quarantine area. IPPC definition: an area into which, within which, and/or from which plants, plant pr oducts, and other Regulated Articles are subjected to phytosanit ary measures to preven t the introduction and/or spread of quarantine pests (in this case, gypsy moth)  GM Program Manual Definition: an infested area from which plants, plant products, and other regulated arti cles are subjected to phytosanitary measures to prevent the introducti on and/or spread of the gypsy moth record of decision. an environmental document occas ionally used to record a decision ( See Guidelines for Environmental Documents on page H-1 )Glossary Definitions, Terms, and Abbreviations

Glossary-6 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-01 recreational vehicles. highway vehicles, including pickup truck campers, onepiece motor homes, and travel trailers, de signed to serve as a temporary place of dwelling regulated articles. include the following:  Nursery stock—nursery stocks includes trees with roots and shrubs with roots and persistent woody stems, if grown outdoors (nursery stock that is grown in an enclosed greenhouse thro ughout the year is not regulated)  Forest products—forest products in clude logs, pulpwood, bark, and bark products  OHAs—OHAs are Outdoor Household Articles; re creational vehicles (RVs) are treated as OHAs  Mobile homes and as sociated equipment  Cut Christmas trees  Any other products, articl es, or means of conveyance if they present a high risk of artificial spread regulatory trapping. trapping conducted around establishments where Regulated Articles are sold, handled, processed, or moved to determine the need for regulatory action ROD. the abbreviation for the Record of Decision RV. the abbreviation for recreational vehicle Scoping activities or sessions. as defined under the National Environmental Policy Act—an early and open process fo r determining the scope of issues to be addressed and for identifying the si gnificant issues related to a proposed action; this may include public meetings whereby significant issues are identified, or may simply be letters of inquiry to inte rested agencies, groups, or individuals Sevin®. an insecticide that contains carbaryl as the active ingredient Spinosad. the active ingredient (including spinosyn A and spinosyn D) in Conserve* SC and SpinTor* 2SC SpinTor* 2SC. an insecticide, a product of Do w AgroSciences, that contains spinosad as the active ingredient. Sp inTor* 2SC will control gypsy moth on conifers (including Chri stmas trees) and on deciduous trees in tree farms and plantations Tebufenozide. an insect growth regulator (IGR ) that acts as an insecticide; Tebufenozide is in Confirm® T/O and MimicTM 2LV Thuricide®. a biological insecticide, produced by Certis USA, that contains Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki ; Thuricide® will control gypsy moth on ornamentals and shade treesGlossary Definitions, Terms, and Abbreviations

07/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual Glossary-7 transition area. an area between the Quarantine Area and the uninfested area; because of natural dispersal, the area is in transition from uninfested to generally infested  Populations are variable and discontin uous; mostly male moths will be detected, occasionall y other life stages  Population outbreaks do not occu r and defoliatio n is uncommon transition area survey. a survey designed and conducted to monitor the Transition Area and provide data to support regulatory decisions trap array. the pattern of trap placement within an area trap density. the number of traps per unit of area trapping frequency. how often an area is trappedGlossary Definitions, Terms, and Abbreviations

Glossary-8 Gypsy Moth Manual 07/2012-0107/2012-01 Gypsy Moth Manual Index-1 Gypsy Moth Manual A

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accurate statement 9-6 introduction to M-1 required information for M-1 aircraft, checking and calibrating J-1 APHIS Cholinesterase Testing Program 16-1 Asian gypsy moth background on 1-2 , 25-1 behavioral treatments for G-7 delta trap G-8 mating disruption G-8 milk carton trap G-8 characteristics of 25-1 damage caused by 1-2 dispersal of 1-3 eradication methods G-1 behavioral treatments G-2 , G-7 biological insecticides G-2 chemical insecticides G-6 experimental treatments G-9 policy for 25-2 potential damage from 1-3 public relations about 6-3 specimens introduction to 5-1 mailing instructions for 5-1 B bark pile composting procedures L-3 trench composting procedure L-1 Bayer CropScience F-3 biological insecticides Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Btk) G-2 Foray 48B G-3 Foray 48F G-3 Foray 76B G-3 Thuricide 48LV G-3 C Certificate (PPQ Form 540) 6-3 certificate of origin sample of N-1 Certis USA F-3 chemical insecticides Confirm T/O G-7 Diflubenzuron G-6 , G-15 Dimilin 25W G-6 Dimilin 4L G-6 Mimic G-7 Tebufenozide G-7 , G-16 Chemtura Corporation F-4 Christmas tree plantations compliance agreement for E-7 regulatory activities for 23-2 Christmas trees Canadian 11-1 cleanup materials 16-2 compliance agreement Christmas tree plantations E-7 nurseries E-6 nursery stock 10-1 operation under 9-2 qualified certified applicators (QCAs) E-7 receiving mills 9-4 , E-4 shipment under 9-4 shippers E-9 Confirm T/O G-7 control measures introduction to 15-1 D delimiting survey conducting 3-2 introduction to 3-1 materials needed for 3-2 records and maps 3-8 delta trap assembly G-8 materials for C-1 procedures for C-2 detection survey conducting 2-7 introduction to 2-1 materials needed for 2-2 planning for 2-2 records and maps 2-14 Diflubenzuron G-6 Dimilin 25W G-6 Dimilin 4L G-6 dispersal artificial 21-1 natural 21-1 documents APHIS Factsheet-Asian Gypsy Moth 25-2 Asian Gypsy Moth (AGM ) Vessel Alert List 25- 2Asian Gypsy Moth Emergency Program Manual 25-2 Comparison of Pesticides for Gypsy Moth Control A-1 Gypsy Moth Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus A-1Gypsy Moth--Forest Insect and Disease Leaflet 162 A-1 Gypsy Moth--Pest Alert NA-FB/P-21 A-1 Ship Inspection Guidelines--Asian Gypsy Moth 25-2Index

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egg-mass removal experimental treatments G-10 survey initiating factors 22-1 instructions for 4-2 , 4-3 methods 22-2 purpose of 4-1 regulatory purposes of 4-5 results of 24-1 targeted visual surveys of 4-3 Emergency Action Notification (PPQ Form 523) Q1 environmental assessment (EA) 15-3 introduction to H-2 experimental treatments egg-mass removal G-10 fungal pathogens G-9 insecticides G-10 nematodes G-10 parasitoids G-9 predators G-10 tree trunk bands and barriers G-10 F Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) 15-3 compliance with I-1 finding of no significant impact (FONSI) H-9 flat fan K-2 Foray 48B G-3 Foray 48F G-3 Foray 76B G-3 fungal pathogens experimental treatments G-9 G Gowan Company F-6 Gyphek definition of G-4 Gypsy Moth State Survey Committee 15-3 H hazardous materials 1980 Emergency Response Guidebook 16-1 hazardous site 8-1 classification 9-5 documentation of 8-4 inspection of 8-2 movement from 6-2 movement of regulated articles 8-1 nursery stock 10-1 treatment of 8-3 timing for 8-2 I insecticide experimental treatments G-9 insecticide distributors F-1 Bayer CropScience F-3 Certis USA F-3 Chemtura Corporation F-4 Dow AgroSciences F-4 Gowan Company F-6 Olympic Horticultural Products F-6 Stroller USA F-6 United Agri Products F-6 USDA Forest Service F-7 Valent BioSciences Corporation F-7 Valent USA Corporation F-7 insecticide eradication introduction to 18-1 materials for 18-1 procedure for 18-2 insecticide labels F-1 inspection procedures logs 9-2 laid out method 9-3 timing 9-3 pulpwood and bark 9-4 fumigation 9-4 movement to receiving mills 9-4 treatments 9-5 L larval instars avoided hosts 2-10 nonpreferred hosts 2-9 preferred hosts 2-9 larval trapping survey procedures for 4-7 purpose of 4-6 Limited Permit (PPQ Form 530) 6-3 list of figures LOF-1 list of tables LOT-1 logging operations regulatory activities for 23-2 , 24-2 logs, pulpwood, and bark documentation for 9-6 M manual conventions of 1-7 how to use 1-6 purpose of 1-1 related documents of 1-5 reporting problems for 1-7 scope of 1-4 users of 1-5 maps U.S. quarantine areas B-1 mass trapping eradication introduction to 19-1 materials for 19-1 procedure for 19-2 Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) F-1 milk carton trap G-8 assembly materials for C-5 procedure for C-5 mills/log yards regulatory activities for 23-2 Mimic G-7 mobile home contacts haulers 14-2 media 14-2 mobile home park operators 14-2Index

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Z pesticide applicators 14-2 State Department of Transportation 14-2 insecticide spraying 14-6 inspection documents 14-6 inspection procedure 14-4 inspection safety 14-3 PPQ Form 530 (Limited Permit) 14-6 PPQ Form 540 (Certificate) 14-6 preinspection procedure 14-2 QCA document 14-6 regulation of 14-1 removing egg masses 14-5 N National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) H-1 nematodes experimental treatments G-9 noninfested area definition of 21-1 nozzles introduction to K-1 rotary atomizer K-3 nurseries compliance agreement for E-6 regulatory activities for 23-2 nursery stock fumigation for large lots 10-3 introduction to 10-1 large lots procedures 10-2 small lots procedures 10-2 spray treatments for large lots 10-3 O Olympic Horticultural Products F-6 outdoor household articles (OHAs) building materials O-3 checklist for O-1 children’s playthings O-3 house items O-1 inspection procedure 13-1 monitoring the shipment of 13-1 other items O-4 preinspection procedure 13-3 recreational and camping items O-3 self-inspection of 13-2 under compliance agreement 13-2 yard and garden items O-2 P parasitoids experiment treatments G-9 pesticide certification 7-1 egg-mass treatments 7-2 fumigation 7-2 physical removal 7-2 larvae treatments 7-3 aerial 7-3 ground 7-3 safety 7-1 Pesticide First Aid Handbook 16-1 Pesticide Label and Labeling Safety Instructions/ Precautions 16-1 PPQ forms PPQ Form 343 (Trapping Record) 2-2 , 2-12 , 3-2 PPQ Form 353 (Trap Site Map) 2-14 PPQ Form 391 (Specimens for Determination) 2-2 , 5-4 completion of 5-4 distribution of 5-5 PPQ Form 519 (Compliance Agreement (CA)) E-1 PPQ Form 519 (Compliance Agreement) E-1PPQ Form 523 (Emergency Action Notification) Q-1 PPQ Form 527 (Sticky Back Certificate) 6-3 PPQ Form 530 (Limited Permit) 6-3 PPQ Form 540 (Certificate) 6-3PPQ Guidelines for Managing and Monitoring Pesticide Spills 16-1 predators experimental treatments G-10 pressures introduction to K-1 procedures inspections high-risk areas 23-1 program cooperation in 1-3 public meetings I-2 public relations I-3 pulpwood/bark inspection procedures 9-4 pumps procedure for wind-driven J-8 Q qualified certified applicators (QCAs) 12-1authorization of under compliance agreements 12-2 compliance agreement for E-8 document P-1 mobile home and associated items P-2 qualifications of 12-1 substandard performance of 12-2 training for 12-1 quarantine area definition of 21-1 quarantine areas in Canada B-1 quarantine areas in the United States B-1 R receiving mills compliance agreement for E-4Recognition and Management of Pesticide Poisoning 16-1 regulated articles 6-1 definition of 21-1 numbers shipped 6-2 regulatory activities Christmas tree plantations 23-2 documentation for 6-3 logging operations 23-2 , 24-2 mills/log yards 23-2 nurseries 23-2 personnel 6-2 purpose of 6-1 State and national parks 24-3Index

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Z S safety materials 16-2 safety measures 1-8 vehicles 1-9 when trapping 1-8 safety precautions and references 16-1 screens K-4 shippers compliance agreement for E-9 silviculture experimental treatments G-11 Specimens for Determination Form (PPQ Form 391) 2-2 spray tip wear K-4 Standard Pesticide Users Guide 16-1 State and national parks regulatory activities for 24-3 Sticky Back Certificate (PPQ Form 527) 6-3 Stroller USA F-6 survey results male moths alone 24-1 survey tools introduction to 4-1 T Tebufenozide G-7 Thuricide 48LV G-3 transfer areas criteria 24-1 transition area definition of 21-2 introduction to 20-1 map 24-2 regulatory activities for 23-1 significance of 20-2 survey activities 22-1 trap locations plotting of 2-7 Trap Site Map (PPQ Form 353) 2-14 trap surveys initiating factors 22-1 moth identification 22-2 servicing 22-2 trap type 22-2 trapping density 22-1 trapping period 22-2 Trapping Record (PPQ Form 343) 2-2 , 2-12 , 3-2 tree trunk bands and barriers experimental treatments G-10 U United Agri Products F-6 USDA Forest Service F-7 V Valent BrioSciences Corporation F-7 Valent USA Corporation F-7