*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 1 RIN2070

-

AJ22_EO12866_AgWPS_FRM_EA AppendixB_2015

- 07

- 17.docx



## Draft document as submitted for review under EO 12866



# ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF

FINAL REVISIONS TO THE WORKER PROTECTIO N STANDARD

APPENDIX B

Cost Estimation, Final Regulations



# Table of Contents

B.1. Pesticide Safety Training

................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 2

a. Baseline

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ 2

b. Final Rule

................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 11

B.2. Hazard Communication

................................ ................................ ................................ .... 15

a. Baseline

................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. 15

b. Final Rule

................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 19

B.3. Notification

................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 20

a. Baseline

................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. 20

b. Final Rule

................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 28

B.4. Age

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 35

a. Baseline

................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. 35

b. Final Rule

................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 36

B.5. Entry

................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 37

B.6. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

................................ ................................ ........... 37

a. Baseline

................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. 37

b. Final Rule

................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 44

B.7. Decontamination Supplies

................................ ................................ ............................... 47

a. Baseline

................................ ................................ ................................ .............................. 47

b. Final Rule

................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 48*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 2 

## B

. 1. Pesticide Safety Training 1

2



## a. Baseline 3

4

Worker 5

6

Table B .1.a

- 1. Baseline Cost, per worker, Worker Safety Training 7

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Full training session 14.64 0.5 0.490 3.59

Abbreviated training session 14.64 0.05 0.052 0.04

Trainer, abbreviated session 33.44 0.05 0.052 0.09

Expected per

- worker Cost ( cost r,i, workr B ) 3.71



### 8

 Worker wages, including for benefits, are $14.64/hr ( BLS, 2014b )

. 

### 9

 Worker safety training takes approximately 30 minutes, based on length of training videos and 

### 10

EPA experience

. 

### 11

 Workers trained each year account for 49.0% of the total workforce (16% + 33.6%)*(1

– 1.2%)

. 

### 12

o Includes 16% of total workforce who are new hires (DoL, 2005) 

### 13

o Includes 33.6% of total workforce representing returning workers who are retrained; 

### 14

based on 40% retraining rate (20% whose training has expired after 5 years and 20% 

### 15

whose training cannot be verified) out of remaining 84% of total workforce 

### 16

o Excludes workers employed less than five days, which EPA calculates to be 1. 2 % of total 

### 17

workforce, assuming 5% of part

- time employees are employed less than five days; part



### 18

time emp loyees are estimated to be 2 4 % of total workforce (NASS, 2014b ) 

### 19

 EPA assumes an abbreviated training takes 3 minutes. 

### 20

 Workers taking an abbreviated training account for 5. 2 % of total workforce (1.2% + 4.0%)

. 

### 21

o Includes 1.2% of workers employed less than five days ( as above) 

### 22

o Includes 4.0% of total workforce who are new hires receiving abbreviated training prior 

### 23

to full training ; assuming 25% of new hires employed (1 6% of total workforce, as above) 

### 24

 Abbreviated training is given individually to each worker by the owner/operator whose time is 

### 25

valued at $ 33.44 /hr, including benefits (BLS, 2014b )

. 

### 26

27

Table B .1.a

- 2. Baseline Costs, per worker, Training Verification Program 28

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

WPS worker

Verification card 0.06 1 0.490 0.03

Distribute card (handler trainer) 47.18 0.033 0.069 0.11

Distribute card (tr ai n

- the

- tr ai n e r) 47.18 0.033 0.049 0.08

Distribute card (cert ified app licator ) 33.44 0.033 0.368 0.41

Distribute Certificates (handler) 20.04 0.033 0.005 0.00

Expected per

- worker Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 0.6 3



### 29

 EPA produces and distributes training cards to states at cost; in 2010, EPA spent $23,900 for 

### 30

400,000 cards or about $0.06 per card. 

### 31

 EPA calculates that 49.0% of workers receive training each year and could be provided a 

### 32

verification card (as above)

. 

### 33*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 3  Trainers must fill out and distribute the cards. Four categories of trainers eligible to conduct 

### 34

worker safety training with differing wage (BLS, 2014b): 

### 35

o trainers of handlers and certified applicators ($47.18/hr); 

### 36

o individuals who have completed a train the trainer program ($47.18/hr); 

### 37

o certified applicators, typically the employer, ($33.44/hr); and 

### 38

o handlers ($20.04/hr). 

### 39

 Tests by EPA staff indicate it takes about 2 minutes per card to enter the name, date of training, 

### 40

and other pertinent information. 

### 41

 The probability a trainer from a given category provides a trainee the verification card is the 

### 42

probability that a worker receives training (0.490) times the pro bability that the training is led by 

### 43

a trainer in that category. 

### 44

o trainers of handlers and certified applicators (14% of sessions), or 6.9% of workers; 

### 45

o individuals who have completed a train the trainer program (10% of sessions), or 4.9% of 

### 46

workers; 

### 47

o certif ied applicators (75% of sessions), or 36.8% of workers; and 

### 48

o handlers (1% of sessions), or 0.5% of workers 

### 49

50

51

Handler 52

53

Table B .1.a

- 3. Baseline Cost, per WPS handler, Handler Safety Training 54

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

( cost r,i, a

B )

WPS farm handler 20.04 0.75 0.328 4.93

CPHE handler 23.26 0.75 0.328 5.72



### 55

 WPS and CHPE handler wages, including benefits, are $20.04/hr and $23.26/hr, respectively 

### 56

(BLS, 2014b)

. 

### 57

 EPA assumes training typically last 45 minutes. 

### 58

 EPA calculates that 32.8% of handlers will be trained each year, based on the following. 

### 59

o Includes 16% of handlers, those who are new hires

– based on a 16% new hire rate for all 

### 60

farm employees(DOL, 2005) 

### 61

o Includes 16.8% of handlers, who are returning handlers whose training has expired after 

### 62

5 years (20% of remaining 84% of handlers). 

### 63

64

Table B .1.a

- 4. Baseline Costs, per handler, Training Verification Program 65

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

WPS farm handler

Verification card 0.06 1 0.328 0.03

Distribute card (handler trainer) 47.18 0.033 0.046 0.07

Distribute card (train

- the

- trainer) 47.18 0.033 0.033 0.05

Distribute card (certified applicator) 33.44 0.033 0.249 0.28

Expected per

- handl er Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 0.42*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 4 Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

CPHE handler

Verification card 0.06 1 0.328 0.03

Distribute card (handler trainer) 47.18 0.033 0.046 0.07

Distribute card (train

- the

- trainer) 47.18 0.033 0.033 0.05

Distribute card (certified applicator) 32.65 0.033 0.249 0.27

Expected per

- handler Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 0.41



### 66

 Verification cards cost about $0.06 per card. See above. 

### 67

 EPA calculates that 32.8% of handlers receive training each year and could be provided a 

### 68

verification card (as above). 

### 69

 Trainers must fill out and distribute the cards. Three categories of trainers eligible to conduct 

### 70

worker safety training with differing wage (BLS, 2014b): 

### 71

o trainers of handlers and certified applicators ($47.18/hr); 

### 72

o individuals who have completed a train the trainer program ($47.18/hr); and 

### 73

o certified applicators, typically the employer, ($32.65/hr). 

### 74

 Tests by EPA staff indicate it takes about 2 minutes per card to enter the name, date of training, 

### 75

and other pertinent information. 

### 76

 The probability a trainer from a given category provides a trainee the verification card is the 

### 77

probability that a handler receives training (0.328) times the probability that the training is led by 

### 78

a trainer in that category. 

### 79

o trainers of handlers and certified applicators (14% of sessions), or 4.6% of handlers; 

### 80

o individuals who have completed a train the trainer program (10% of sessions), or 3.3% of 

### 81

handlers; 

### 82

o certified applicators (76% of sessions), or 24.9% of handlers. 

### 83

84

85

Establishment 86

87

Table B .1.a

- 5. Baseline Cost, per WPS farm, by size, Worker Training 88

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Large WPS farm

Training by Handler Trainer 47.18 0.5 0.272 6.42

Training by Train

- the

- Trainer 47.18 0.5 0.195 4.59

Training by Certified Applicator 33.44 0.5 1.459 24.39

Training by WPS Handler 20.04 0.5 0.019 0.19

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 35.60

Small WPS farm

Training by Handler Trainer 47.18 0.5 0.113 2.66

Training by Train

- the

- Trainer 47.18 0.5 0.081 1.90

Training by Certified Applicator 33.44 0.5 0.604 10.10

Training by WPS Handler 20.04 0.5 0.008 0.08

Expected per

- f a rm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 14.75



### 89

 Four categories of trainers eligible to conduct worker safety training with differing wage (BLS, 

### 90

2014b): 

### 91*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 5 o trainers of handlers and certified applicators ($47.18/hr); 

### 92

o individuals who have completed a train the trainer program ($47.18/hr); 

### 93

o certified applicators, typically the employer, ($33.44/hr); and 

### 94

o handlers ($20.04/hr). 

### 95

 Worker safety training takes approxim ately 30 minutes, based on length of training videos and 

### 96

EPA experience. 

### 97

 The probability a trainer from a given category conducting a training session 

### 98

o Trainer probabilities, based on conversations with state officials: 

### 99

 trainers of handlers and certified applicators (14% of sessions); 

### 100

 individuals who have completed a train the trainer program (10% of sessions); 

### 101

 certified applicators (75% of sessions); and 

### 102

 handlers (1% of sessions) 

### 103

o Vector of probabilities [ 0.14 0.10 0. 75 0.01 ] 

### 104

 EPA assumes that the average number of training sessions conducted for each WPS farm is a 

### 105

function of farms size, especially the number of workers per farm. Given estimates of the number 

### 106

of farm workers and farms hiring labor (Appendix A): 

### 107

o Larg e WPS farms (more than $750,000 in revenue/year) average 1.95 training sessions 

### 108

per year. This is a weighted average of two groups of farms. 

### 109

 Large farms with more than 10 employees hold an average of 4.5 training 

### 110

sessions per year. These farms include fr uit, nut, and vegetable farms, nurseries, 

### 111

and greenhouses and average about 50.7 workers/farm. Many workers will be 

### 112

temporary, hired for peak activities like thinning and harvesting and sessions will 

### 113

be conducted throughout the year. EPA estimates that t here are 16,454 such 

### 114

farms out of 56,678 large WPS farms hiring workers. 

### 115

 Large WPS farms with fewer than 10 employees hold an average of 0.9 training 

### 116

sessions per year. These farms primarily cultivate field crops such as grains, 

### 117

oilseed, and cotton with m ore permanent workers and average of 4.5 

### 118

workers/farm. EPA estimates that there are 40,224 such farms. 

### 119

o Small WPS farms (less than $750,000 in revenue/year) average 0.81 training sessions per 

### 120

year. This is a weighted average of four groups of farms. 

### 121

 Large

- small farms (revenue/year between $100,000 and $750,000) with more 

### 122

than 10 employees are assumed to hold an average of 2.2 training sessions per 

### 123

year. T hese farms include f ruit, nut, and vegetable farms, nurseries, and 

### 124

greenhouses with an average of 1 2.6 workers/farm, many of whom are temporary 

### 125

workers; sessions will be conducted throughout the year. EPA estimates that 

### 126

there are 17,598 such farms out of 255,892 small farms hiring workers. 

### 127

 Large

- s mall farms with fewer than 10 employees are assumed to hold an average 

### 128

of 0.7 3 training sessions per year

. These farms primarily cultivate field crops 

### 129

such as grains, oilseed, and cotton and employ 2.7 workers/farm, on average. 

### 130

EPA estimates that there are 84,687 such farms. 

### 131

 Medium

- small farms ( revenue/year between $10,000 and $100,000 ) regardless of 

### 132

primary production are assumed to hold an average of 0.73 training sessions per 

### 133

year. These farms average 3.3 workers per farm. 

### 134

 Small

- small farms (revenue/year less than $10,000) are assumed to hold an 

### 135

average of 0.65 training sessions per year. These farms average 2.5 

### 136

workers/farm. 

### 137

o Vector of number of sessions = [ 1.95 0.81 ] 

### 138

 Matrix of annual frequency of sessions lead by various trainers 

### 139

┌ ┐ ┌ ┐ 

### 140 │0.14│ ┌ ┐ │0.272 0.113│ 

### 141*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 6 │0.1 0 │∙ │1.95 0.81│ = │0.195 0.081│ 

### 142 │ 0.75 │ └ ┘ │1.459 0.604│ 

### 143 │ 0.01 │ │0.019 0.008│ 

### 144

└ ┘ └ ┘ 

### 145

146

147

Table B .1.a

- 6. Baseline Cost, per WPS farm or CPHE, Handler Training 148

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm

Training by Handler Trainer 47.18 0.75 0.073 2.60

Training by Train

- the

- Trainer 47.18 0.75 0.052 1.86

Training by Certified Applicator 33.44 0.75 0.399 10.00

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 14.46

Large

- Small WPS farm

Training by Handler Trainer 47.18 0.75 0.034 1.22

Training by Train

- the

- Trainer 47.18 0.75 0.025 0.87

Training by Certified Applicator 33.44 0.75 0.187 4.69

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 6.78

CPHE

Training by Handler Trainer 47.18 0.75 0.140 4.95

Training by Train

- the

- Trainer 47.18 0.75 0.100 3.54

Training by Certified Applicator 32.65 0.75 0.760 18.61

Expected per

- f i rm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 27.11



### 149

 Three groups are eligible to conduct worker safety training at differing wage rates, including 30% 

### 150

additional cost for benefits (BLS, 2014b): 

### 151

o trainers of handlers and certified applicators ($47.18/hr); 

### 152

o individuals who have completed a train the trainer p rogram ($47.18/hr); and 

### 153

o certified applicators, typically the employer, ($33.44/hr for WPS farms, $32.65 for 

### 154

CPHE). 

### 155

 EPA assumes training typically last 45 minutes, based on length of training videos and EPA 

### 156

experience. 

### 157

 The probability a trainer from a given category conducting a training session 

### 158

o Trainer probabilities, based on conversations with state officials: 

### 159

 trainers of handlers and certified applicators (14% of sessions); 

### 160

 individuals who have completed a train the trainer program (10% of sessions); 

### 161

and 

### 162

 certified applicators (7 6 % of sessions) 

### 163

o Vector of probabilities [ 0.14 0.10 0.75 ] 

### 164

 EPA assumes establishments conduct varying number of handler trainings per year, on average. 

### 165

o Large WPS farms

, employing two handlers on average, average 0.525 handler 

### 166

trainings/year (0.656 ∙ 0.8) 

### 167

 65.6% chance of employing a handler who needs trained, given that 32.8% of 

### 168

handlers will be trained each year (see above ) 

### 169

 EPA assumes that there are 4 trainings for every 5 farms that need a handler 

### 170

trained, as some farms are able to share resources. 

### 171

o L arge

- small WPS farms , employing one handler on average, average 0. 246 handler 

### 172

trainings/year (0.328 ∙ 0.75) 

### 173*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 7  32.8% chance of employing a handler who needs trained (see above) 

### 174

 EPA assumes that there are 3 trainings for every 4 farm s that need a handler 

### 175

trained, as some farms are able to share resources and large

- small WPS farms are 

### 176

more common than large WPS farms. 

### 177

o CHPEs, employing 7.4 handlers on average, likely have 2 to 3 handlers to train each year. 

### 178

Thus, CHPEs are likely to co nduct one handler training every year. 

### 179

o Vector of number of sections [ 0.525 0.328 1.0 ] 

### 180

 Matrix of annual frequency of sessions lead by various trainers 

### 181

┌ ┐ ┌ ┐ 

### 182 │0.14│ ┌ ┐ │0.073 0.034 0 .140│ 

### 183 │0.10│∙ │0.525 0.328 1.0│ = │0.052 0.025 0.100│ 

### 184 │0.76│ └ ┘ │0.399 0.187 0.760│ 

### 185

└ ┘ └ ┘ 

### 186

187

188

California 189

190

Table B .1.a

- 7. California Baseline Cost, per worker, Worker Safety Training 191

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Full training session 14.64 0.75 0.490 5.38

Abbreviated training session 14.64 0.05 0.052 0.04

Trainer, abbreviated session 33.44 0.05 0.052 0.09

Expected per

- worker Cost ( cost r,i, workr B ) 5.51



### 192

 Worker safety training takes approximately 45 minutes, given expanded content. 

### 193

 Cost per worker for verification cards is the same as for the national baseline (Table B .1.a

- 2. 

### 194

195

Table B .1.a

- 8. California Baseline Costs, per handler, Handler Safety Training 196

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

WPS farm handler

Full training 20.04 1 1.000 20.04

Acknowledge training 20.04 0.008 1.000 0.17

Collect acknowledgement (handler

trainer) 47.18 0.013 0.140 0.08

Collect acknowledgement (train

the

- trainer) 47.18 0.013 0.100 0.06

Collect acknowledgement (certified

applicator) 33.44 0.013 0.760 0.32

Expected per

- handler Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 20.67*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 8 Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

CPHE handler

Full training 23.26 1 1.000 23.26

Acknowledge training 23.26 0.008 1.000 0.19

Collect acknowledgement (handler

trainer) 47.18 0.013 0.140 0.08

Collect acknowledgement (train

the

- trainer) 47.18 0.013 0.100 0.06

Collect acknowledgement (certified

applicator) 32.65 0.013 0.760 0.31

Expected per

- handler Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 23.91



### 197

 Handler safety training typically last 60 minutes, given expanded content. 

### 198

 Handler safety training must be taken annually. 

### 199

 California requires employer to keep a record of training 

### 200

o Handlers must sign a training record, taking approximately 30 seconds 

### 201

o Trainer must collect the acknowledgements to provide the employer, taking 2 minutes per 

### 202

handler 

### 203

204

Table B .1.a

- 9. California Baseline Costs, per handler, Training Verification Program 205

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

WPS farm handler

Verification card 0.06 1 1.000 0.06

Distribute card (handler trainer) 47.18 0.033 0.140 0.22

Distribute card (train

- the

- trainer) 47.18 0.033 0.100 0.16

Distribute card (certified applicator) 33.44 0.033 0.760 0.85

Expected per

- handler Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 1.28

CPHE handler

Verification card 0.06 1 1.000 0.06

Distribute card (handler trainer) 47.18 0.033 0.140 0.22

Distribute card (train

- the

- trainer) 47.18 0.033 0.100 0.16

Distribute card (certified applicator) 32.65 0.033 0.760 0.83

Expected per

- handler Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 1.26



### 206

 Verification cards issued annually. 

### 207

208

Table B .1.a

- 10. California Baseline Cost, per WPS farm, by size, Worker Training 209

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Large WPS farm

Training by Handler Trainer 47.18 0. 7 5 0.272 9.64

Training by Train

- the

- Trainer 47.18 0.75 0.195 6.88

Training by Certified Applicator 33.44 0.75 1.459 36.59

Training by WPS Handler 20.04 0.75 0.019 0.29

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 53.40*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 9 Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Small WPS farm

Training by Handler Trainer 47.18 0.75 0.113 3.99

Training by Train

- the

- Trainer 47.18 0.75 0.081 2.85

Training by Certified Applicator 33.44 0.75 0.604 15.16

Training by WPS Handler 20.04 0.75 0.008 0.12

Expected per

- f a rm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 22.12



### 210

 Worker safety training takes approximately 45 minutes, given expanded content. 

### 211

212

Table B .1.a

- 11. California Baseline Cost, per WPS farm or CPHE, Handler Training 213

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm

Training by Handler Trainer 47.18 1.0 0.112 5.28

Training by Train

- the

- Trainer 47.18 1.0 0.080 3.77

Training by Certified Applicator 33.44 1.0 0.608 20.33

Training acknowledgement 0.02 1 1.16 0.02

Collect/store acknowledgement 33.44 0.067 1.16 2.59

Folder 0.20 1 1 0.20

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 32.20

Large

- Small WPS farm

Training by Handler Trainer 47.18 1.0 0.070 3.30

Training by Train

- the

- Trainer 47.18 1.0 0.050 2.36

Training by Certified Applicator 33.44 1.0 0.380 12.71

Training acknowledgement 0.02 1 1.16 0.02

Collect/store acknowledgement 33.44 0.067 1.16 2.59

Folder 0.20 1 1 0.20

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 21.18

CPHE

Training by Handler Trainer 47.18 1.0 0.182 8.59

Training by Train

- the

- Trainer 47.18 1.0 0.130 6.13

Training by Certified Applicator 32.65 1.0 0.988 32.26

Training acknowledgement 0.02 1 1.3 0.03

Collect/store acknowledgement 33.44 0.067 1.3 2.83

Folder 0.20 1 1 0.20

Expected per

- f i rm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 50.04



### 214

 Handler safety training typically last 60 minutes, given expanded content. 

### 215

 Handler safety training must be taken annually. 

### 216

o Large farms will average 0.8 training sessions/year (4 trainings for every 5 farms, as 

### 217

some farms are able to share resources) 

### 218

o Large

- small farms will average 0.5 training sessions/year (1 training for every 2 farms, as 

### 219

some farms are able to share resources) 

### 220

o CPH Es will average 1.3 training sessions/year to account for turnover and different 

### 221

scheduling. 

### 222

 California requires employer to keep a record of training 

### 223*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 10 o Signed training roster takes about a page at $0.02/page (Staples, 2014); average number 

### 224

1.16 per farm to account for new hires, 1.3 times for CPHEs with every session. 

### 225

o Collection and storage is assumed to take approximately 4 minutes. 

### 226

o Storage requires a folder for training records at $0.20 (Staples, 2014). 

### 227

228

229

Subtropics, Northeast, and Northwest regions 230

231

Table B .1.a

- 12. Subtropic, Northeast, and Northwest Baseline Costs, Training Verification 232

Program 233

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

WPS worker

Verification card 0.06 1 0.245 0.01

Distribute card (handler trainer) 47.18 0.033 0.034 0.05

Distribute card (train

- the

- trainer) 47.18 0.033 0.025 0.04

Distribute card (certified applicator) 33.44 0.033 0.184 0.20

Distribute Certificates (handler) 20.04 0.033 0.002 0.00

Expected per

- handler Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 0.31

WPS farm handler

Verification card 0.06 1 0.164 0.01

Distribute card (handler trainer) 47.18 0.033 0.023 0.04

Distribute card (train

- the

- trainer) 47.18 0.033 0.016 0.03

Distribute card (certified applicator) 33.44 0.033 0.125 0.14

Expected per

- handler Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 0.21

CPHE handler

Verification card 0.06 1 0.164 0.01

Distribute card (handler trainer) 47.18 0.033 0.023 0.04

Distribute card (train

- the

- trainer) 47.18 0.033 0.016 0.03

Distribute card (certified applicator) 32.65 0.033 0.125 0.14

Expected per

- handler Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 0.21



### 234

 Only about half the states in these regions participate in the program; probability of 235

worker obtaining a card is reduced by half. 236

237

238

Midwest, Ohio Valley, and Texas/Mountain West regions 239

240

 Almost none of the states in these regions participate in the training verification program; 241

baseline costs per worker are essentially zero. 242

243

244*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 11 Summary, Pesticide Safety Training 245

246

Table B .1.a

- 1 3. Pesticide Safety Training Cost, by Employee 247

Action Worker Fa rm Handler CPHE Handler

South, Southwest Regions

Pesticide Safety Training $ 3.71 $ 4.93 $ 5.72

Verification Card $ 0.63 $ 0.41 $ 0.41

Expected Cost ( cost TRAIN,i,a B ) $ 4.34 $ 5.35 $ 6.14

California

Pesticide Safety Training $ 5.51 $20.02 $23.26

Record Keeping $ 0.00 $ 0.63 $ 0.65

Verification Card $ 0.63 $ 1.28 $ 1.23

Expected Cost ( cost TRAIN,i,a B ) $ 6.13 $21.95 $25.17

Subtropics, Northeast, Northwest

Pesticide Safety Training $ 3.71 $ 4.93 $ 5.72

Verification Card $ 0.31 $ 0. 2 1 $ 0.2 1

Expected Cost ( cost TRAIN,i,a B ) $ 4 .03 $ 5.14 $ 5.93

Midwest, Ohio Valley, Texas/Mountain West

Pesticide Safety Training $ 3.71 $ 4.93 $ 5.72

Verification Card $ 0.00 $ 0. 00 $ 0.00

Expected Cost ( cost TRAIN,i,a B ) $ 3.71 $ 4.93 $ 5.72



### 248

Table B .1.a

- 14 . Pesticide S afety Training Cost, by Employer 249

Action Large WPS

Farm Large

- Small

WPS Farm Other Small

WPS Farm CPHE

All Regions, except California

Worker Safety Training $35.60 $14.75 $14.75 $ 0.00

Handler Safety Training $14.46 $ 6.78 $ 0.00 $27.11

Expected Cost ( cost TRAIN,i,a B ) $50.06 $21.53 $14.75 $27.11

California

Worker Safety Training $53.40 $22.12 $22.12 $ 0.00

Handler Safety Training $29.39 $18.37 $ 0.00 $46.98

Record Keeping $ 2.81 $ 2.81 $ 0.00 $ 3.06

Expected Cost ( cost TRAIN,i,a B ) $ 85.61 $43.30 $ 22.12 $50.04



### 250



## b. Final Rule 251

252

Worker 253

254

Table B .1.b

- 1. Cost under Final Rule, per worker, Worker Safety Training 255

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Full training session 14.64 0.75 0. 905 9.94

Acknowledge training 14.64 0.008 0. 905 0.11

Copy of training record 0.02 1 0 .302 0.01

Distribute copy 33.44 0.033 0 .302 0 .34

Expected per

- worker Cost ( cost r,i, workr B ) 1 0.39



### 256

 Worker wages, including for benefits, are $14.64/hr ( BLS, 2014b ). 

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### 12  Worker safety training will take an additional 15 minutes, based on EPA draft materials and pilot 

### 258

projects, i.e.

, approximately 45 minutes. 

### 259

 Workers trained each year account for 90.5% of the total workforce, excluding returning handlers 

### 260

who comprise the re maining 9.5%. 

### 261

 Each worker must sign an acknowledgement of receipt of training, estimated to take about 30 

### 262

seconds. 

### 263

 A copy of the training record must be provided to a worker upon request. 

### 264

o The copy will be about a page at $0.02/page (Staples, 2014) 

### 265

o About on e

- third of trained workers will request a copy to present to subsequent 

### 266

employers, given that 28% of employees report more than one employer (DoL, 2005) 

### 267

o The employer spends about 2 minutes to provide a copy of the record, on average 

### 268

269

Handler 270

271

Table B .1.b

- 2. Costs under Final Rule, per handler, Handler Safety Training 272

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

WPS farm handler

Full training 20.04 1 1.000 20.04

Acknowledge training 20.04 0.008 1.000 0.17

Copy of training record 0.02 1 0.160 0.00

Distribute copy 33.44 0.033 0.160 0.18

Expected per

- handler Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 20.39

CPHE handler

Full training 23.26 1 1.000 23.26

Acknowledge training 23.26 0.008 1.000 0.19

Copy of training record 0.02 1 0.160 0.00

Distribute copy 32.65 0.033 0.160 0.17

Expected per

- handler Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 23.63



### 273

 Handler wages, including for benefits, are $20.04/hr for on

- farm handlers and $23.26/hr for 

### 274

CPHE handlers ( BLS, 2014b ). 

### 275

 Handler safety training will take an additional 15 minutes, based on EPA draft materials and pilot 

### 276

projects, i.e.

, approximately 60 minutes. 

### 277

 All handlers will be trained annually. 

### 278

 Each handler must sign an acknowledgement of receipt of training, estimated to take about 30 

### 279

seconds. 

### 280

 A copy o f the training record must be provided to a handler upon request. 

### 281

o The copy will be about a page at $0.02/page (Staples, 2014) 

### 282

o About 16% of handlers will request a copy to present to subsequent employers, based on 

### 283

the new hire rate (DoL, 2005) 

### 284

o The employer spends about 2 minutes to provide a copy of the record, on aver age 

### 285

286

Establishment 287

288*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 13 Table B .1.b

- 3. Cost under Final Rule, per WPS farm, by size, Worker Training 289

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Large WPS farm

Training by Handler Trainer 47.18 0.75 0.404 14.30

Training by Train

- the

- Trainer 47.18 0.75 0.289 10.22

Training by Certified Applicator 33.44 0.75 2.194 55.04

Collect/store training record 33.44 0.117 2.89 11.26

Training record 0.02 1 2.89 0.06

Folder 0.20 1 1 0.20

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 91.08

Small WPS farm

Training by Handler Trainer 47.18 0.75 0.194 6.87

Training by Train

- the

- Trainer 47.18 0.75 0.139 4.91

Training by Certified Applicator 33.44 0.75 1.054 26.44

Collect/store training record 33.44 0.117 1.39 5.41

Training record 0.02 1 1.39 0.03

Folder 0.20 1 1 0.20

Expected per

- f a rm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 43.85



### 290

 Three categories of trainers eligible to conduct worker safety training with differing wage, 

### 291

excluding handlers (BLS, 2014b): 

### 292

o trainers of handlers and certified applicators ($47.18/hr); 

### 293

o individuals who have completed a train the trainer program ($47.18/h r); 

### 294

o certified applicators, typically the employer, ($33.44/hr); and 

### 295

o handlers ($20.04/hr). 

### 296

 Worker safety training takes approximately 45 minutes, given additional content

. 

### 297

 The probability a trainer from a given category conducting a training session 

### 298

o Trainer probabilities, based on conversations with state officials: 

### 299

 trainers of handlers and certified applicators (14% of sessions); 

### 300

 individuals who have completed a train the trainer program (10% of sessions); 

### 301

and 

### 302

 certified applicators (7 6 % of sessions) 

### 303

o Vector of probabilities [ 0.14 0.10 0.7 6 ] 

### 304

 EPA assumes that the average number of training sessions conducted for each WPS farm will 

### 305

increase, given annual training and the elimination of a grace period. 

### 306

o Large WPS farms (more than $750,000 in revenue/ye ar) average 2.89 training sessions 

### 307

per year. This is a weighted average of two groups of farms. 

### 308

 Large farms with more than 10 employees hold an average of 6. 4 training 

### 309

sessions per year , an increase of 42% over the baseline

. 

### 310

 Large WPS farms with fewer tha n 10 employees hold an average of 1.45 training 

### 311

sessions per year , an increase of 61% over the baseline

. 

### 312

o Small WPS farms (less than $750,000 in revenue/year) average 1 .39 training sessions per 

### 313

year. This is a weighted average of four groups of farms. 

### 314

 Larg e

- small farms (revenue/year between $100,000 and $750,000) with more 

### 315

than 10 employees are assumed to hold an average of 3.25 training sessions per 

### 316

year , an increase of 48% over the baseline . These farms include fruit, nut, and 

### 317

vegetable farms, nurseries, and greenhouses with an average of 12.6 

### 318

workers/farm, many of whom are temporary workers; sessions will be conducted 

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### 14 throughout the year. EPA estimates that there are 17,598 such farms out of 

### 320

255,892 small farms hiring workers. 

### 321

 Large

- small farms with few er than 10 employees are assumed to hold an average 

### 322

of 1.27 training sessions per year , an increase of 75% over the baseline

. 

### 323

 Medium

- small farms (revenue/year between $10,000 and $100,000) regardless of 

### 324

primary production are as sumed to hold an average of 1.27 training sessions per 

### 325

year , an increase of 75% over the baseline

. 

### 326

 Small

- small farms (revenue/year less than $10,000) are assumed to hold an 

### 327

average of 1.2 training sessions per year , an increase of 85% over the baseline

. 

### 328

o Vector of number of sessions = [ 2.8 9 1.39 ] 

### 329

 Matrix of annual frequency of sessions lead by various trainers 

### 330

┌ ┐ ┌ ┐ 

### 331 │0.14│ ┌ ┐ │0. 404 0.1 94 │ 

### 332 │0.10│∙ │ 2.8 9 1.39│ = │0.289 0.139 │ 

### 333 │0.7 6 │ └ ┘ │2.194 1.054 │ 

### 334

└ ┘ └ ┘ 

### 335

336

Table B .1.b

- 4. Cost under Final Rule, per WPS farm or CPHE, Handler Training 337

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm

Training by Handler Trainer 47.18 1.0 0.112 5.28

Training by Train

- the

- Trainer 47.18 1.0 0.080 3.77

Training by Certified Applicator 33.44 1.0 0.608 20.33

Training acknowledgement 0.02 1 1.16 0.02

Collect/store acknowledgement 33.44 0.067 1.16 2.59

Folder 0.20 1 1 0.20

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 32.20

Large

- Small WPS farm

Training by Handler Trainer 47.18 1.0 0.070 3.30

Training by Train

- the

- Trainer 47.18 1.0 0.050 2.36

Training by Certified Applicator 33.44 1.0 0.380 12.71

Training acknowledgement 0.02 1 1.16 0.02

Collect/store acknowledgement 33.44 0.067 1.16 2.59

Folder 0.20 1 1 0.20

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 21.18

CPHE

Training by Handler Trainer 47.18 1.0 0.182 8.59

Training by Train

- the

- Trainer 47.18 1.0 0.130 6.13

Training by Certified Applicator 32.65 1.0 0.988 32.26

Training acknowledgement 0.02 1 1.3 0.03

Collect/store acknowledgement 33.44 0.067 1.3 2.83

Folder 0.20 1 1 0.20

Expected per

- f i rm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 50.04



### 338

 Handler safety training will take 60 minutes, given expanded content. 

### 339

 Handler safety training must be taken annually. 

### 340

o Large farms will average 0.8 training sessions/year (4 trainings for every 5 farms, as 

### 341

some farms are able to share resources) 

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### 15 o Large

- small farms will average 0.5 training sessions/year (1 training for every 2 farms, as 

### 343

some farms are able to share resources) 

### 344

o CPHEs will average 1.3 training sessions/year to account for turnover and different 

### 345

scheduling. 

### 346

 Employers must keep a record of training 

### 347

o Signed training roster takes about a page at $0.02/page (Staples, 2 014); average number 

### 348

1.16 per farm to account for new hires, 1.3 times for CPHEs with every session. 

### 349

o Collection and storage is assumed to take approximately 4 minutes. 

### 350

o Storage requires a folder for training records at $0.20 (Staples, 2014). 

### 351

352

353



## B .2. Hazard Communication 354

355



## a. Baseline 356

357

Table A.2.a

- 1. Baseline Cost, per WPS farm with field workers , Information on Pesticide 358

Applications 359

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm

Record Application Information 33.44 0.083 18.4 51.16

Information Sheet 0.02 1 18.4 0.37

Post Application Information 33.44 0.017 18.4 10.23

Expected per

- large farm Cost ( 

### cost r, i

, a B ) 61.76

Small WPS farm

Record Application Information 33.44 0.083 15.7 43.63

Information Sheet 0.02 1 15.7 0.31

Post Application Information 33.44 0.017 15.7 8.73

Expected per

- small farm Cost ( 

### cost r, i

, a B ) 52.67



### 360

 The employer’s time is valued at $33.44/hr, consisting of the wage and benefits (BLS, 2014b). 

### 361

 EPA assumes the owner/operator of a WPS farm spends 5 minutes per application gathering and 

### 362

recording information on the product used, the field treated, the date treated and the duration of 

### 363

the REI. 

### 364

 EPA assumes a single sheet of paper

, at $0.02/sheet (Staples, 2014), is sufficient to reco rd the 

### 365

information about each application. 

### 366

 Posting the information is assumed to take one minute. 

### 367

 EPA calculates that large WPS farms employing workers and/or handlers make an average of 

### 368

1 8.4 pesticide applications per year and small WPS farms employing wo rkers and/or handlers 

### 369

make an average of 15.7 pesticides applications per year

. 

### 370

o EPA assumes an average of 20 applications per year, conditional on applying pesticides

. 

### 371

o EPA estimates that 9 1.8 % of large WPS farms and 78.3% of small WPS farms with 

### 372

workers wi ll make pesticide applications in any given year ( Appendix A )

. 

### 373

374*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 16 California 375

376

Table B.2.a

- 2. California Baseline Cost, per WPS farm, Information on Pesticide Applications 377

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm

Record Application Information 33.44 0.083 18.4 51.16

Information Sheet 0.02 1 18.4 0.37

Obtain SDS 33.44 0.067 9.2 20.46

SDS 0.02 3.3 9.2 0.62

Post Information and SDS 33.44 0.017 18.4 10.23

Store Records 33.44 0.017 18.4 10.23

Copy of Information Sheet 0.02 1 18.4 0.37

Copy of SDS 0.02 3.3 9.2 0.62

Folder 0.20 1 0.918 0.18

Retrieve/Copy Record 33.44 0.1 0.918 3.07

Record copy 0 .02 4.3 0.918 0.08

Expected per

- large farm Cost ( 

### cost r, CA

, a B ) 97.38

Small WPS farm

Record Application Information 33.44 0.083 15.7 43.63

Information Sheet 0.02 1 15.7 0.31

Obtain SDS 33.44 0.067 7.8 17.45

SDS 0.02 3.3 7.8 0.52

Post Information and SDS 33.44 0.017 15.7 8.73

Store Records 33.44 0.017 15.7 8.73

Copy of Information Sheet 0.02 1 15.7 0.31

Copy of SDS 0.02 3.3 7.8 0.52

Folder 0.20 1 0.783 0.16

Retrieve/Copy Record 33.44 0.1 0 0.783 2.62

Record copy 0.02 4.3 0.783 0.07

Expected per

- small farm Cost ( 

### cost r, CA

, a B ) 83.05



### 378

 See Table B.2 .a

- 1 for explanation of wage/price, time/quantity, and annual probability. 

### 379

 State require s employers to post the product’s Safety Data Sheet (SDS). 

### 380

o EPA assumes the agricultural employer spends about 4 minutes obtain the SDS, based on 

### 381

internet search times. Most SDS are available with the pro duct from the pesticide dealer. 

### 382

o EPA assumes one SDS is needed for every two applications, on average, because the 

### 383

same product is often used on multiple fields on an establishment. 

### 384

o EPA estimates that 3.3 pages will be needed for the average SDS based on a sample of 

### 385

SDS, which ranged in length from 2 to 10 pages, single sided. The average length was 

### 386

6.7 pages. 

### 387

 State requires employers to maintain records of application information and SDS. 

### 388

o EPA assumes it takes 1 minute to file the records. 

### 389

o Records entail a copy of the application information sheet and SDS. 

### 390

o Establishments maintaining records will need a file folder for storage , at $0.20 (Staples, 

### 391

2014)

. 

### 392

 State requires that records be made available on request; EPA interprets the requirement to apply 

### 393

only to c urrent employees

. EPA assumes that a copy of the record is the most convenient way to 

### 394

make the information available. 

### 395*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 17 o EPA assumes it takes 6 minutes to retrieve and copy the appropriate record , including the 

### 396

application information sheet and SDS. 

### 397

o EPA assumes that there will be one request for every 20 applications, on average, or 

### 398

about one request per establishment using pesticides. 

### 399

400

Subtropics, and Midw est 401

402

Table B.2.a

- 3 . Subtropics and Midwest Baseline Cost, per WPS farm, Information on Pesticide 403

Applications 404

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm

Record Application Information 33.44 0.083 18.4 51.16

Information Sheet 0.02 1 18.4 0.37

Obtain SDS 33.44 0.067 9.2 20.46

SDS 0.02 3.3 9.2 0.62

Post Information and SDS 33.44 0.017 18.4 10.23

Expected per

- farm Cost ( 

### cost r, (Subtrpc, Midwest)

, a B ) 82.84

Small WPS farm

Record Application Information 33.44 0.083 15.7 43.63

Information Sheet 0.02 1 15.7 0.31

Obtain SDS 33.44 0.067 7.8 17.45

SDS 0.02 3.3 7.8 0.52

Post Information and SDS 33.44 0.017 15.7 8.73

Expected per

- farm Cost ( 

### cost r, (Subtrpc, Midwest)

, a B ) 70.65



### 405

 See Table B.2.a

- 1 for explanation of wage/price, time/quantity, and annual probability. 

### 406

 State s require employers to post the product’s Safety Data Sheet (SDS). 

### 407

o EPA assumes the agricultural employer spends about 4 minutes obtain the SDS, based on 

### 408

internet search times

. Most SDS are available with the product from the pesticide dealer. 

### 409

o EPA assumes one SDS is needed for every two applications, on average, because the 

### 410

same product is often used on multiple fields on an establishment. 

### 411

o EPA estimates that 3.3 pages will be needed for the average SDS based on a sample of 

### 412

SDS, which ranged in length from 2 to 10 pages, single sided. The average length was 

### 413

6.7 pages. 

### 414

415*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 18 Texas/Mountain West region 416

417

Table B.2.a

- 4 . Texas/Mountain West Baseline Cost, per WPS farm, Information on Pesticide 418

Applications 419

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm

Record Application Information 33.44 0.083 18.4 51.16

Information Sheet 0.02 1 18.4 0.37

Obtain SDS 33.44 0.067 9.2 20.46

SDS 0.02 3.3 9.2 0.62

Post Information and SDS 33.44 0.017 18.4 10.23

Store Records 33.44 0.017 18.4 10.23

Copy of Information Sheet 0.02 1 18.4 0.37

Copy of SDS 0.02 3.3 9.2 0.62

Folder 0.20 1 0.918 0.18

Retrieve/Copy Record 33.44 0.1 0 0.918 3.07

Record copy 0.02 4.3 0.918 0.08

Expected per

- farm Cost ( 

### cost r, (TX/Mt W)

, a B ) 97.38

Small WPS farm

Record Application Information 33.44 0.083 15.7 43.63

Information Sheet 0.02 1 15.7 0.31

Post Application Information 33.44 0.017 15.7 8.73

Expected per

- farm Cost ( 

### cost r, (TX/Mt W)

, a B ) 52.67



### 420

 State require s employers to post the product’s Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

, maintain records of 

### 421

application information and SDS, and make records available on request

. EPA interprets the 

### 422

requirement to apply only to large farms (pesticide use of 55 gallon/500 lb or more and employers 

### 423

with payroll of $15,000 per year or more). Se e Table B.2.a

- 2 for explanation of large farm costs. 

### 424

See Table B.2.1

- 1 for explanation of small farm costs. 

### 425

426

Table B.2.a

- 5. Texas/Mountain West Baseline Cost, per WPS worker/handler, Information on 427

Pesticide Applications 428

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

probability cost

Employer verifies request

information 33.44 0.10 0.005 0.02

Retrieve/Copy Record 33.44 0.10 0.005 0.02

E

- mail records 33.44 0.10 0.003 0.01

Mail Records 33.44 0.20 0.003 0.02

Record copy 0.02 4.3 0.003 0.00

Envelope & Postage 3.88 1 0.003 0.01

Expected per

- employee Cost ( 

### cost r, (TX/Mt W)

, a B ) 0.07



### 429

 State requires employers to make records available to former employees or to their designated 

### 430

representatives

. EPA assumes that about 1 in 100 workers or handlers will make such a request. 

### 431

EPA estimates there are 87,075 workers and/or handlers on large farms in the Texas/Mountain 

### 432

West Region out of 163,682 total workers and handlers in the region, i.e., about 53 % of workers 

### 433*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 19 and handlers are employed on large farms. The probability of a request is thus about 0.53 out of 

### 434

100 total workers and handlers in the region. 

### 435

o EPA assumes the employer spends 6 minute s, on average, verifying the validity of the 

### 436

request

. 

### 437

o EPA a ssume the employer spends 6 minutes, o n av e rag e , retrieving an d copying the 

### 438

record. 

### 439

o Records can be sent electronically in about half the cases, taking 6 minutes. 

### 440

o Records are mailed in about half the cases, taking 12 minutes. 

### 441

 A copy of the record i s m a de at $0. 0 2 per page (Staples, 2014). 

### 442

 An envelope costs $0.20 (Staples, 2015) and postage with return receipt costs 

### 443

$3.68 (USPS, 2015) for total mailing costs of $3.88. 

### 444

445

446



## b. Final Rule 447

448

Table B.2.b

- 1. Cost under Final Rule, per WPS farm, Information on Pesticide Applications 449

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm

Record Application Information 33.44 0.083 18.4 51.16

Information Sheet 0.02 1 18.4 0.37

Obtain SDS 33.44 0.067 9.2 20.46

SDS 0.02 3.3 9.2 0.62

Post Information and SDS 33.44 0.017 18.4 10.23

Store Records 33.44 0.017 18.4 10.23

Copy of Information Sheet 0.02 1 18.4 0.37

Copy of SDS 0.02 3.3 9.2 0.62

Folder 0.20 1 0.918 0.18

Retrieve/Copy Record 33.44 0.1 0.918 3.07

Record copy 0.02 4.3 0.918 0.08

Expected per

- large farm Cost ( 

### cost r, CA

, a B ) 97.38

Small WPS farm

Record Application Information 33.44 0.083 15.7 43.63

Information Sheet 0.02 1 15.7 0.31

Obtain SDS 33.44 0.067 7.8 17.45

SDS 0.02 3.3 7.8 0.52

Post Information and SDS 33.44 0.017 15.7 8.73

Store Records 33.44 0.017 15.7 8.73

Copy of Information Sheet 0.02 1 15.7 0.31

Copy of SDS 0.02 3.3 7.8 0.52

Folder 0.20 1 0.783 0.16

Retrieve/Copy Record 33.44 0.10 0.783 2.62

Record copy 0.02 4.3 0.783 0.07

Expected per

- small farm Cost ( 

### cost r, CA

, a B ) 83.05



### 450

 See Table B.2.a

- 2 for explanation. 

### 451

452*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 20 453

Table B.2.b

- 2. Cost under Final Rule, per WPS worker/handler, Information on Pesticide 454

Applications 455

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Employer verifies request information 33.44 0.10 0.010 0.03

Retrieve/Copy Record 33.44 0.10 0.010 0.03

E

- mail records 33.44 0.10 0.005 0.02

Mail Records 33.44 0.20 0.005 0.03

Record copy 0.02 4.3 0.005 0.00

Envelope & Postage 3.88 1 0.005 0.02

Expected per

- employee Cost ( 

### cost r, (TX/Mt W)

, a B ) 0.14



### 456

 See Table B.2.a

- 5 for explanation. EPA assumes that 1 in 100 workers and handlers will request 

### 457

information each year with half of the responses made via e

- mail and half of responses via regular 

### 458

mail

. 

### 459

460

461



## B

. 3 . Notification 462

463



## a. Baseline 464

465

Agricultural Establishments , Notification of REIs 466

467

Non

- greenhouse farms, including nurseries, may either provide oral notification or post warnings 468

except for certain products requiring both types of notification; both activities are conducted by 469

the owner/operator. Greenhouses are required to post warnings in all situations and provide oral 470

notification for double notification products. 471

 EPA assumes WPS farms typically provide oral notification when given the choic e, which is 

### 472

assumed to take 3 minutes. However, if there are a high number of workers per farm, it may be 

### 473

less costly to post the information rather than inform workers orally. EPA calculates annual 

### 474

average frequencies for oral notification by farm size, based on 20 applications per year, if 

### 475

pesticides are used. EPA also assumes that 1.1 oral notifications will be made, on average, for 

### 476

each application to account for workers in different locations or at different times. 

### 477

 EPA assumes that 2 signs are usual ly posted at a time and these signs can be reused. WPS farms 

### 478

with worker housing adjacent to a field will need to post a third sign. Farms will likely only need 

### 479

2 or 3 signs due to few simultaneous postings. EPA assumes that it takes 10 minutes to post a 

### 480

sign and later take it down, which is done by the owner/operator. Posting two signs takes 20 

### 481

minutes; posting three signs takes 30 minutes. 

### 482

 EPA assumes that 80% of workers will be informed of each application and REI since some REIs 

### 483

are very short and w orkers may not be present on

- farm while it is in effect. 

### 484

485

Table B .3.a

- 1. Baseline Cost, Large WPS Farm excluding greenhouses, REI Notification 486

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Large WPS farm 1

Oral Notification 33.44 0.05 14.6 24.36

Warning Signs 7.35 4 0.339 9.96*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 21 Post 2 Signs 33.44 0.333 5.42 60.42

Warning Signs 7.35 6 0.134 5.92

Post 3 Signs 33.44 0.50 2.15 35.91

Expected per

- Large farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 136.58

1 

### Excluding greenhouses. 

### 487

488

 The employer’s time is valued at $33.44/hr, consisting of the wage and benefits (BLS, 2014b). 

### 489

 Warning signs cost $ 7.35 each (Gemplers) 

### 490

 On average, large WPS farms will make 18.9 applications per year given that 94.6% of large 

### 491

farms report using pesticides in 2012. They will make oral notifications to their workers in 70% 

### 492

of cases, or 13.2 applications, implying 14.6 oral notifications per year, on average, assuming 1.1 

### 493

notifications per application. 

### 494

 Large WPS farms will post REI warning signs in 40% of applications, or 7.6 times/year, 

### 495

assuming 10% of applications require double notification. 

### 496

 EPA assumes signs last two years, implying that 47.3% of the farms will purchase signs each 

### 497

year, i.e. , half of the 94.6% of large WPS farms that reported using pesticides in 2012. EPA 

### 498

assumes that 30% of large WPS farms applying pesticides have worker housing near a field, or 

### 499

28.4% of all large WPS farms. 

### 500

o Four REI signs are purchased with an annual frequency of 0.339

, i.e.

, 71.6% of large 

### 501

farms without worker housing near fields

. 

### 502

o Six signs are purchased with annual frequency of 0.1 34, that is, 28.4% of large farms 

### 503

with worker housing near fields

. 

### 504

 Therefore, 2 signs will be posted (20 minutes) 5.4 times/year, i.e

. , 71.6% of the 7.6 postings, and 

### 505

3 signs will be posted (30 minutes) 2.2 times/year. 

### 506

507

Table B.3.a

- 2. Baseline Cost, Large

- Small WPS Farm excluding greenhouses, REI Notification 508

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Large

- Small WPS farm 1

Oral Notification 33.44 0.05 20.8 34.70

Warning Signs 7.35 2 0.383 5.63

Post 2 Signs 33.44 0.333 1.53 17.06

Warning Signs 7.35 3 0.089 1.96

Post 3 Signs 33.44 0.50 0.36 5.95

Expected per

- Lrg

- Sml farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 65.31



### 509

 Large

- small farms will make 18.9 applications per year given that 94.3% of large

- small farms 

### 510

report using pesticides in 2012. They will make oral notifications to their workers for all 

### 511

applications, implying 20.8 oral notifications per year, on average, assuming 1.1 notifications per 

### 512

application. 

### 513

 Large

- small WPS farms will post REI warning signs in 10% of applications, or 1.9 times/year, 

### 514

assuming 10% of applications require double notification. 

### 515

 EPA assumes signs last two years, implying that 47.2 % of the farms will purchase signs each 

### 516

year, i.e. , half of the 94.3% of large

- small WPS farms that reported using pesticides in 2012. 

### 517

EPA assumes that 20% of large

- small WPS farms applying pesticides have worker housing near a 

### 518

field, or 18.9% of all larg e

- small WPS farms. 

### 519

o Two REI signs are purchased with an annual frequency of 0.383, i.e. , 81.1% of large



### 520

small farms without worker housing near fields. 

### 521*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 22 o Three signs are purchased with annual frequency of 0.089, that is, 18.9% of large

- small 

### 522

farms with worker housing near fields. 

### 523

 Therefore, 2 signs will be posted (20 minutes) 1.5 times/year, i.e. , 81.1% of the 1.9 postings, and 

### 524

3 signs will be posted (30 minutes) 0.4 times/year. 

### 525

526

Table B .3.a

- 3 . Baseline Cost, Medium

- Smal l WPS Farm excluding greenhouses, Notif ication of 527

REIs 528

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Medium

- Small WPS farm 1

Oral Notification 33.44 0.05 17.5 29.24

Warning Signs 7.35 2 0.366 5.38

Post 2 Signs 33.44 0.333 1.46 16.31

Warning Signs 7.35 3 0.032 0.70

Post 3 Signs 33.44 0.50 0.13 2.11

Expected per

- Med

- Small farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 53.75

1 

### Excluding greenhouses. 

### 529

530

 Medium

- small farms will make 15.9 applications per year given that 79.5 % of medium

- small 

### 531

farms report using pesticides in 2012. They will make oral notifications to their workers for all 

### 532

applications, implying 17.5 oral notifications per year, on average, assuming 1.1 notifications per 

### 533

application. 

### 534

 Medium

- small WPS farms will post REI warning signs in 10% of applications, or 1.6 times/year, 

### 535

assuming 10% of applications require double notification. 

### 536

 EPA assumes signs last two years, implying that 39.8% of the farms will purchase signs each 

### 537

year, i.e. , half of the 79.5% of medium

- small WPS farms that reported using pesticides in 2012. 

### 538

EPA assumes that 10% of medium

- small WPS farms applying pesticides have worker housing 

### 539

near a field, or 7.9% of all medium

- small WPS farms. 

### 540

o Two REI signs are purchased with an annual frequency of 0.366, i.e.

, 92.1% of medium



### 541

small farms without worker housing near fields. 

### 542

o Three signs are purchased with annual frequency of 0.032, that is, 7.9% of medium

- small 

### 543

farms with worker housing near fields. 

### 544

 Therefore, 2 signs will be posted (20 minutes) 1.5 times/year, i .e. , 92.1% of the 1.6 postings, and 

### 545

3 signs will be posted (30 minutes) 0.1 times/year. 

### 546

547

Table B.3.a

- 4. Baseline Cost, Small

- Small WPS Farm excluding greenhouses, REI Notification 548

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Small

- Small WPS farm 1

Oral Notification 33.44 0.05 11.6 19.38

Warning Signs 7.35 2 0.256 3.77

Post 2 Signs 33.44 0.333 1.03 11.43

Warning Signs 7.35 3 0.007 0.15

Post 3 Signs 33.44 0.50 0.03 0.46

Expected per

- Small

- Small farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 35.20

1 

### Excluding greenhouses. 

### 549

550

 Small

- small farms will make 10.5 applications per year given that 52.7% of small

- small farms 

### 551

report using pesticides in 2012. They will make oral notifications to their workers for all 

### 552*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 23 applications, implying 11.6 oral notifications per year, on average, assuming 1.1 notifications per 

### 553

application. 

### 554

 Small

- small WPS farms will post REI warning signs in 10% of applications, or less than 1.1 

### 555

times/year, assuming 10% of applications require double notification. 

### 556

 EPA assumes sig ns last two years, implying that 26.4 % of the farms will purchase signs each 

### 557

year, i.e. , half of the 5 2.7 % of small

- small WPS farms that reported using pesticid es in 2012. 

### 558

EPA assumes that 5 % of small

- small WPS farms applying pesticides have worker housin g near a 

### 559

field, or 2.6 % of all small

- small WPS farms. 

### 560

o Two REI signs are purchased with an annual frequency of 0. 25 6, i.e. , 9 7.4 % of small



### 561

small farms without worker housing near fields. 

### 562

o Three signs are purchased with annual frequency of 0.0 07 , that is, 2.6 % of small

- small 

### 563

farms with worker housing near fields. 

### 564

 Therefore, 2 signs will be posted (20 minutes) 1.03 times/year, i.e. , 97.4% of the 1.1 postings, and 

### 565

3 signs will be posted (30 minutes) 0.03 times/year. 

### 566

567

Table B.3.a

- 5. Baseline Cost, Large WPS Gree nhouse, per actor, REI Notification 568

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Large WPS Greenhouse

Oral Notification 33.44 0.05 1.64 2.74

Signs 7.35 4 0.372 10.95

Posting Signs 33.44 0.333 14.9 166.07

Expected per

- Greenhouse Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 179.76



### 569

 Large WPS greenhouses will make 14.9 applications per year given that 74.5% of large WPS 

### 570

greenhouses report using pesticides in 2012. Greenhouses will make oral notifications to their 

### 571

workers for 10% of applications, i.e. , double notification products, im plying 1.6 oral notifications 

### 572

per year, on average, assuming 1.1 notifications per application. 

### 573

 EPA assumes signs last two years, implying that 37.2% of the greenhouses will purchase signs 

### 574

each year, i.e. , half of the 74.5% of large WPS greenhouses that re ported using pesticides in 2012. 

### 575

Large WPS greenhouses will need 4 signs. 

### 576

 REI warning signs must be posted for all applications. Therefore, 2 signs (20 minutes) will be 

### 577

posted 14.9 times/year. 

### 578

579

Table B.3.a

- 6 . Baseline Cost, Small WPS Greenhouse, per act or, REI Notification 580

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Small WPS Greenhouse

Oral Notification 33.44 0.05 1.20 2.01

Signs 7.35 4 0.273 8.02

Posting Signs 33.44 0.333 10.9 121.62

Expected per

- Greenhouse Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 131.64



### 581

 Small WPS greenhouses will make 10.9 applications per year given that 59.2% of small WPS 

### 582

greenhouses report using pesticides in 2012. Greenhouses will make oral notifications to their 

### 583

workers for 10% of applications, i.e. , double notification products, implying 1. 2 oral notifications 

### 584

per year, on average, assuming 1.1 notifications per application. 

### 585*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 24  EPA assumes signs last two years, implying that 27.3% of the greenhouses will purchase signs 

### 586

each year, i.e. , half of the 59.2% of smal l WPS greenhouses that reported using pesticides in 

### 587

2012. Small WPS greenhouses will need 4 signs. 

### 588

 REI warning signs must be posted for all applications. Therefore, 2 signs (20 minutes) will be 

### 589

posted 10.9 times/year. 

### 590

591

Workers, Notification of REIs 592

593

Tabl e B.3.a

- 7 . Baseline Cost, WPS Workers, Notification of REI 594

Actor, Receives Notification wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

( cost r,i, a

B )

Large Farm worker 1 14.64 0.05 10.6 7.74

Lrg

- Sml Farm worker 1 14.64 0.05 15.1 11.04

Med/Sml Farm worker 1 14.64 0.05 13.1 9.63

Large Greenhouse worker 14.64 0.05 1.3 0.92

Small Greenhouse worker 14.64 0.05 0.8 0.59

1 

### Excluding greenhouses. 

### 595

596

 The employee’s time is valued at $14.64/hr, consisting of the wage and benefits (BLS, 2014b). 

### 597

 EPA assumes that oral notification of a REI takes 3 minutes. 

### 598

 EPA calculates the frequency with which each worker receives oral notification of REI, based on 

### 599

farm size. 

### 600

o Workers on large farms receive 10.6 notifications per year. Large farms make oral 

### 601

notifications for 14 of 20 applications (Table B.3.a

- 1), there is an 80% chance a worker 

### 602

will be on

- farm during the REI, and 94.4% of workers are employed on large WPS farms 

### 603

making a pesticide application (Appendix A) (14 ∙ 0.8 ∙ 0.944). 

### 604

o Workers on large

- small farms receive 15.1 notifications per year. Large

- small farms 

### 605

make oral notifications for all 20 applications, there is an 80% chance a worker will be 

### 606

on

- farm during the REI, and 94.2% of workers are employed on large

- small WPS farms 

### 607

making a pesticide applicati on (NASS, 2008b) (20 ∙ 0.8 ∙ 0.942). 

### 608

o Workers on medium and small

- small farms receive 13.1 notifications per year. Small 

### 609

farms make oral notifications for all 20 applications, there is an 80% chance a worker 

### 610

will be on

- farm during the REI, and 82.2% of wor kers are employed on WPS farms 

### 611

making a pesticide application (NASS, 2008b) (20 ∙ 0.8 ∙ 0.822). 

### 612

o Workers in large greenhouses receive 1.3 notifications per year. Large greenhouses make 

### 613

oral notifications for 2 of 20 applications, there is an 80% chance a w orker will be on



### 614

farm during the REI, and 78.5% of workers are employed on large WPS greenhouses 

### 615

making a pesticide application (Appendix A) (2 ∙ 0.8 ∙ 0.785). 

### 616

o Workers in small greenhouses receive 0.8 notifications per year. Small greenhouses 

### 617

make oral no tifications for 2 of 20 applications, there is an 80% chance a worker will be 

### 618

on

- farm during the REI, and 50.8% of workers are employed on large WPS greenhouses 

### 619

making a pesticide application (Appendix A) (2 ∙ 0.8 ∙ 0.508). 

### 620

621

622

Agricultural Establishments, E arly Entry Notification 623

624

All WPS agricultural establishments may, under certain circumstances, direct workers into a 625

field under a REI. The employer is required to inform the worker of the labeling requirement s 626

related to hazard or safety. 627*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 25 628

Table B .3.a

- 8

. Baseline Cost, per WPS farm, Early Entry Notification 629

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm 1

Gather Information 33.44 0.017 0.378 0.21

Provide Information 33.44 0.05 0.378 0.63

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 0.84

Large

- Small WPS farm 1

Gather Information 33.44 0.017 0.377 0.21

Provide Information 33.44 0.05 0.377 0.63

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 0.84

Medium

- Small WPS farm 1

Gather Information 33.44 0.017 0.318 0.18

Provide Information 33.44 0.05 0.318 0.53

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 0.71

Small

- Small WPS farm 1

Gather Information 33.44 0.017 0.211 0.12

Provide Information 33.44 0.05 0.211 0.35

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 0.47

Large WPS Greenhouse

Gather Information 33.44 0.017 0.298 0.17

Provide Information 33.44 0.05 0.298 0.50

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 0.66

Small WPS Greenhouse

Gather Information 33.44 0.017 0.218 0.12

Provide Information 33.44 0.05 0.218 0.36

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 0.49

1 

### Excluding greenhouses. 

### 630

631

 EPA assumes that gathering the currently required information takes 1 minute as it comes directly 

### 632

from the pesticide label. 

### 633

 EPA assumes that providing the information takes 3 minutes. 

### 634

 Annual probability varies by farm size and type, given that the likelihood of pesticides varies 

### 635

across farms (Appendix A) . EPA assumes an early entry event occurs about once in every 50 

### 636

applications, which implies a 40% chance of occurrence on an establishment that makes 20 

### 637

applications. 

### 638

o EPA estimates that 94.6 % of large WPS farms, excluding greenhouses, apply pesticides, 

### 639

implying an annual frequency of 0.378 across all such farms. 

### 640

o EPA estimates that 94.3 % of large

- small WPS farms, excluding greenhouses, apply 

### 641

pesticides, implying an annual frequency of 0.377 across all such farms. 

### 642

o EPA estimates that 79. 5 % of medium

- small WPS farms, excluding greenhouses, apply 

### 643

pesticides, implying an annual frequency of 0.318 across all such farms. 

### 644

o EPA estimates that 52.7 % of small

- small WPS farms, excluding greenhouses, apply 

### 645

pesticides, implying an annual frequency of 0.211 across all such farms. 

### 646

o EPA estimates that 74.5% of large WPS greenhouses apply pesticides, implying an 

### 647

annual frequency of 0.298 across all such farms. 

### 648*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 26 o EPA estimates that 54.5% of small WPS greenhouses apply pesticides, implying an 

### 649

annual frequency of 0.218 across all such farms. 

### 650

651

Workers, Early Entry Notification 652

653

Table B.3.a

- 9. Baseline Cost, WPS Workers, Early Entry Notifi cation 654

Actor, Receive Notification wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

( cost r,i, a

B )

Large Farm worker 1 14.64 0.05 0.189 0.14

Lrg

- Sml Farm worker 1 14.64 0.05 0.188 0.14

Med/Sml Farm worker 1 14.64 0.05 0.164 0.12

Large Greenhouse worker 14.64 0.05 0.157 0.12

Small Greenhouse worker 14.64 0.05 0.102 0.07

1 

### Excluding greenhouses. 

### 655

656

 The employee’s time is valued at $14.64/hr, consisting of the wage and benefits (BLS, 2014b). 

### 657

 EPA assumes that hazard information at early entry takes 3 minutes. 

### 658

 EPA calculates the frequency with which each worker participates in an early entry task and 

### 659

receives hazard information, based on farm size. There is a 40% chance of an event and EPA 

### 660

assumes 50% of the workforce will be involved, implying a 20% c hance if employed on an 

### 661

establishment using pesticides. 

### 662

o EPA estimates that 18.9% of workers on large farms participate in an early entry task 

### 663

since 94.4% of workers are employed on large WPS farms making a pesticide application 

### 664

(Appendix A) (0.2 ∙ 0.944). 

### 665

o EPA estimates that 18.8% of workers on large

- small farms participate in an early entry 

### 666

task since 94.2% of workers are employed on large

- small WPS farms making a pesticide 

### 667

application (Appendix A) (0.2 ∙ 0.942). 

### 668

o EPA estimates that 16.4% of workers on other small farms participate in an early entry 

### 669

task since 82.2% of workers are employed on large WPS farms making a pesticide 

### 670

application (Appendix A) (0.2 ∙ 0.822). 

### 671

o EPA estimates that 15.7% of workers on large greenhouses participate in an early entry 

### 672

task si nce 78.5% of workers are employed on large WPS greenhouses making a pesticide 

### 673

application (Appendix A) (0.2 ∙ 0.785). 

### 674

o EPA estimates that 10.2% of workers on large farms participate in an early entry task 

### 675

since 50.8% of workers are employed on large WPS far ms making a pesticide application 

### 676

(Appendix A) (0.2 ∙ 0.508). 

### 677

678

Agricultural Establishments, Safety Displays 679

680

A safety poster is required to be displayed at a central location at all agricultural establishments

, 681

including those that only employ handlers, if pesticides have been used. 682

683

Table B.3.a

- 10 . Baseline Cost, per WPS farm, Safety posters 684

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm 1

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.315 1.97

Post Sign 33.44 0.033 0.94 6 1.05

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 3 .03*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 27 Large

- Small WPS farm 1

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.314 1.97

Post Sign 33.44 0.033 0.943 1.05

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 3.02

Medium

- Small WPS farm 1

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.265 1.66

Post Sign 33.44 0.033 0.795 0.89

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 2.54

Small

- Small WPS farm 1

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.176 1.10

Post Sign 33.44 0.033 0.527 0.59

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 1.68

Large WPS Greenhouse

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.248 1.55

Post Sign 33.44 0.033 0.745 0.83

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 2.38

Small WPS Greenhouse

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.182 1.14

Post Sign 33.44 0.033 0.545 0.61

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 1.74

Large Handler

- Only Farm

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.283 1.77

Post Sign 33.44 0.033 0.849 0.95

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 2.72

Small Handler

- Only Farm

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.269 1.68

Post Sign 33.44 0.033 0.807 0.90

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 2.58

1 

### Excluding greenhouses. 

### 685

686

 According to an on

- line source of WPS materials, a safety poster costs $6.25 (Gempler’s, 2014). 

### 687

 EPA assumes it takes 2 minutes to set up the safety poster. 

### 688

 EPA assumes poster lasts about 3 years, so one

- third of WPS farms will need to purchase a sign 

### 689

each year. 

### 690

o EPA estimates that 94.6% of large WPS farms, excluding greenhouses, apply pesticides 

### 691

and will post a sign; this implies 31.5% will purchase a sign each year. 

### 692

o EPA estimates that 94.3 % of large

- s mall WPS farms, excluding greenhouses, apply 

### 693

pesticides and will post a sign; this implies 31.4% will purchase a sign each year. 

### 694

o EPA estimates that 79. 5 % of medium

- small WPS farms, excluding greenhouses, apply 

### 695

pesticides and will post a sign; this implies 26.5 % will purchase a sign each year. 

### 696

o EPA estimates that 52.7% of small

- small WPS farms, excluding greenhouses, apply 

### 697

pesticides and will post a sign; this implies 17.6% will purchase a sign each year. 

### 698

o EPA estimates that 74.5% of large WPS greenhouses apply pesticides and will post a 

### 699

sign; this implies 24.8% will purchase a sign each year. 

### 700

o EPA estimates that 54.5% of small WPS greenhouses apply pesticides and will post a 

### 701

sign; this implies 18.2% will purchase a sign each year. 

### 702

o EPA estimates that 84.9 % o f large handler

- only farms apply pesticides and will post a 

### 703

sign; this implies 28.3 % will purchase a sign each year. 

### 704*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 28 o EPA estimates that 80.7% of small handler

- only farms apply pesticides and will post a 

### 705

sign; this implies 26.9% will purchase a sign each ye ar. 

### 706

707

708



## b. Final Rule 709

710

Agricultural Establishments , Notification of REIs 711

712

Non

- greenhouse farms, including nurseries, will now be required to post warnings if the REI is 713

greater than 48 hours. This may result in fewer oral notifications and more posting , whi ch may 714

mean the farm needs to purchase additional signs . Greenhouses will now have the option of 715

providing oral notification if the REI is 4 hours or less. 716

717

Table B.3. b

- 1. Cost under Final Rule , Large WPS Farm excluding greenhouses, REI 718

Notification 719

Acti on/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Large WPS farm 1

Oral Notification 33.44 0.05 14.6 24.36

Warning Signs 7.35 4 0.339 9.96

Post 2 Signs 33.44 0.333 5.42 60.42

Warning Signs 7.35 6 0.134 5.92

Post 3 Signs 33.44 0.50 2.15 35.91

Expected per

- Large farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 136.58

1 

### Excluding greenhouses. 

### 720

721

 EPA does not expect changes on large farms and nurseries. Given the number of workers, 

### 722

posting is probably already preferred in many situations. 

### 723

724

Table B.3.b

- 2. Cost under Final Rule, Large

- Small WPS Farm excluding greenhouses, REI 725

Notification 726

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Large

- Small WPS farm 1

Oral Notification 33.44 0.05 14.5 24.29

Warning Signs 7.35 4 0.383 11.25

Post 2 Signs 33.44 0.333 6.12 68.26

Warning Signs 7.35 6 0.089 3.92

Post 3 Signs 33.44 0.50 1.42 23.81

Expected per

- Lrg

- Sml farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 131.53



### 727

 Large

- small farms will make 18.9 applications per year given that 94.3% of large

- small farms 

### 728

report using pesticides in 2012. They will make oral notifications to their workers for 70% of 

### 729

applications, implying 14.5 oral notifications per year, on average, assuming 1.1 notifications per 

### 730

application. 

### 731

 Large

- small WPS farms will post REI warning sig ns in 40% of applications, or 7.5 times/year, 

### 732

assuming 10% of applications require double notification and 30% with REIs greater than 48 

### 733

hours. 

### 734*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 29  EPA assumes signs last two years, implying that 47.2% of the farms will purchase signs each 

### 735

year, i.e. , half of the 94.3% of large

- small WPS farms that reported using pesticides in 2012. 

### 736

EPA assumes that 20% of large

- small WPS farms applying pesticides have worker housing near a 

### 737

field, or 18.9% of all large

- small WPS farms. 

### 738

o Four REI signs are purchased with an annu al frequency of 0.383, i.e. , 81.1% of large



### 739

small farms without worker housing near fields. 

### 740

o Six signs are purchased with annual frequency of 0.089, that is, 18.9% of large

- small 

### 741

farms with worker housing near fields. 

### 742

 Therefore, 2 signs will be posted (20 m inutes) 6.1 times/year, i.e. , 81.1% of the 7.5 postings, and 

### 743

3 signs will be posted (30 minutes) 1.4 times/year. 

### 744

745

Table B.3.b

- 3. Cost under Final Rule, Medium

- Small WPS Farm excluding greenhouses, REI 746

Notification 747

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Medium

- Small WPS farm 1

Oral Notification 33.44 0.05 12.2 20.47

Warning Signs 7.35 4 0.366 10.76

Post 2 Signs 33.44 0.333 5.85 65.26

Warning Signs 7.35 6 0.032 1.39

Post 3 Signs 33.44 0.50 0.51 8.45

Expected per

- Med

- Small farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 106.33

1 

### Excluding greenhouses. 

### 748

749

 Medium

- small farms will make 15.9 applications per year given that 79.5% of medium

- small 

### 750

farms report using pesticides in 2012. They will make oral notifications to their workers for 70% 

### 751

of applications, implying 12.2 oral notifications per year, on average, assuming 1.1 notifications 

### 752

per application. 

### 753

 Medium

- small WPS farms will post REI warning signs in 40% of applications, or 6.4 times/year. 

### 754

 EPA assumes signs last two years, impl ying that 39.8% of the farms will purchase signs each 

### 755

year, i.e. , half of the 79.5% of medium

- small WPS farms that reported using pesticides in 2012. 

### 756

EPA assumes that 10% of medium

- small WPS farms applying pesticides have worker housing 

### 757

near a field, or 7 .9% of all medium

- small WPS farms. 

### 758

o Four REI signs are purchased with an annual frequency of 0.366, i.e. , 92.1% of medium



### 759

small farms without worker housing near fields. 

### 760

o Six signs are purchased with annual frequency of 0.032, that is, 7.9% of medium

- small 

### 761

f arms with worker housing near fields. 

### 762

 Therefore, 2 signs will be posted (20 minutes) 5 .9 times/year, i.e. , 92.1% of the 6.4 postings, and 

### 763

3 signs will be poste d (30 minutes) 0.5 times/year. 

### 764

765

Table B.3.b

- 4. Cost under Final Rule, Small

- Small WPS Farm excluding greenhouses, REI 766

Notification 767

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Small

- Small WPS farm 1

Oral Notification 33.44 0.05 8.1 13.56

Warning Signs 7.35 2 0.256 3.77

Post 2 Signs 33.44 0.333 4.10 45.73

Warning Signs 7.35 3 0.007 0.15*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 30 Post 3 Signs 33.44 0.50 0.11 1.86

Expected per

- Small

- Small farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 65.07

1 

### Excluding greenhouses. 

### 768

769

 Small

- small farms will make 10.5 applications per year given that 52.7% of small

- small farms 

### 770

report using pesticides in 2012. They will make oral notifications to their workers for 70% of 

### 771

applications, implying 8.1 oral notifications per year, on average, assuming 1.1 notifications per 

### 772

application. 

### 773

 Small

- small WPS farms will post REI warning signs in 40% of a pplications, or 4.2 times/year. 

### 774

 EPA assumes signs last two years, implying that 26.4% of the farms will purchase signs each 

### 775

year, i.e. , half of the 52.7% of small

- small WPS farms that reported using pesticides in 2012. 

### 776

EPA assumes that 5% of small

- small W PS farms applying pesticides have worker housing near a 

### 777

field, or 2.6% of all small

- small WPS farms. 

### 778

o Two REI signs are purchased with an annual frequency of 0.256, i.e. , 97.4% of small



### 779

small farms without worker housing near fields. 

### 780

o Three signs are purchas ed with annual frequency of 0.007, that is, 2.6% of small

- small 

### 781

farms with worker housing near fields. 

### 782

 Therefore, 2 signs will be posted (20 minutes) 4.1 times/year, i.e. , 97.4% of the 4.2 postings, and 

### 783

3 signs will be posted (30 minutes) 0.1 times/year. 

### 784

785

Table B.3.b

- 5. Cost under Final Rule, Large WPS Greenhouse, per actor, REI Notification 786

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Large WPS Greenhouse

Oral Notification 33.44 0.05 1.64 2.74

Signs 7.35 4 0.372 10.95

Posting Signs 33.44 0.333 14.9 166.07

Expected per

- Greenhouse Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 179.76



### 787

 EPA does not expect changes in large greenhouses. Given the number of workers, posting is 

### 788

probably preferred in many situations. 

### 789

790

Table B.3.b

- 6. Cost under Final Rule, Small WPS Greenhouse, per actor, REI Notification 791

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

Small WPS Greenhouse

Oral Notification 33.44 0.05 3.60 6.02

Signs 7.35 4 0.273 8.02

Posting Signs 33.44 0.333 8.73 97.29

Expected per

- Greenhouse Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 111.33



### 792

 Small WPS greenhouses will make 10.9 applications per year given that 59.2% of small WPS 

### 793

greenhouses report using pesticides in 2012. Small greenhouses will make oral notifications to 

### 794

their workers for 30% of applications, implying 3.6 oral notifications per year, on average, 

### 795

assuming 1.1 notifications per application. 

### 796

 EPA assumes signs last two years, implying that 27.3% of the greenhouses will purchase signs 

### 797

each year, i.e. , half of the 59. 2% of small WPS greenhouses that reported using pesticides in 

### 798

2012. Small WPS greenhouses will need 4 signs. 

### 799*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 31  REI warning signs will be posted 80% of applications. Therefore, 2 signs (20 minutes) will be 

### 800

posted 8.7 times/year. 

### 801

802

Workers, Notification of RE Is 803

804

Table B.3.b

- 7. Cost under Final Rule, WPS Workers, Notification of REIs 805

Actor, Receives Notification wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

( cost r,i, a

B )

Large Farm worker 1 14.64 0.05 10.6 7.74

Lrg

- Sml Farm worker 1 14.64 0.05 10.6 7.73

Med/Sml Farm worker 1 14.64 0.05 9.2 6.74

Large Greenhouse worker 14.64 0.05 1.3 0.92

Small Greenhouse worker 14.64 0.05 2.4 1.78

1 

### Excluding greenhouses. 

### 806

807

 EPA assumes that notification takes 6 minutes as in the baseline. 

### 808

 EPA calculates the frequency with which each worker receives oral notification of REI, based on 

### 809

farm size. 

### 810

o Workers on large farms receive 10.6 notifications per year as in the baseline. 

### 811

o Workers on large

- small farms receive 10.6 notifications/year. Large

- small farms make 

### 812

oral notifica tions for 70% of 20 applications, there is an 80% chance a worker will be on



### 813

farm during the REI, and 94.2% of workers are employed on large

- small WPS farms 

### 814

making a pesticide application (NASS, 2008b) (14 ∙ 0.8 ∙ 0.942). 

### 815

o Workers on medium and small

- small farms receive 9.2 notifications per year. Small 

### 816

farms make oral notifications for 70% of 20 applications, there is an 80% chance a 

### 817

worker will be on

- farm during the REI, and 82.2% of workers are employed on WPS 

### 818

farms making a pesticide application (NASS, 2008b) (14 ∙ 0.8 ∙ 0.822). 

### 819

o Workers in large greenhouses receive 1.3 notifications per year as in the baseline. 

### 820

o Workers in small greenhouses receive 2.4 notifications per year. Small greenhouses 

### 821

make oral notifications for 6 of 20 applications, there is an 80% chance a worker will be 

### 822

on

- farm during the REI, and 50.8% of workers are employed on large WPS greenhouses 

### 823

making a pesticide application (Appendix A) (6 ∙ 0.8 ∙ 0.508). 

### 824

825

Agricultural Establishments, Early Entry Notification 826

827

For early entry situation s, the employer will be required to provide additional information to the 828

worker regarding the protections required, including PPE and limitations on activities and time in 829

the field

. 830

831

Table B.3.b

- 8 . Cost under Final Rule, per WPS farm, Early Entry Notification 832

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm 1

Gather Information 33.44 0.10 0.378 1.27

Provide Information 33.44 0.10 0.378 1.27

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 2.53

Large

- Small WPS farm 1

Gather Information 33.44 0.10 0.377 1.26*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 32 Provide Information 33.44 0.10 0.377 1.26

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 2.52

Medium

- Small WPS farm 1

Gather Information 33.44 0.10 0.318 1.06

Provide Information 33.44 0.10 0.318 1.06

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 2.13

Small

- Small WPS farm 1

Gather Information 33.44 0.10 0.211 0.70

Provide Information 33.44 0.10 0.211 0.70

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 1.41

Large WPS Greenhouse

Gather Information 33.44 0.10 0.298 1.00

Provide Information 33.44 0.10 0.298 1.00

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 1.99

Small WPS Greenhouse

Gather Information 33.44 0.10 0.218 0.73

Provide Information 33.44 0.10 0.218 0.73

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 1.46

1 

### Excluding greenhouses. 

### 833

834

 EPA assumes that gathering the required information will take 6 minutes and that disseminating 

### 835

the information takes 6 minutes. 

### 836

 The probability of an occurrence is the same as in the baseline. 

### 837

838

Workers, Early Entry Notification 839

840

Table B.3.b

- 9. Cost under Final Rule, WPS Workers, Notification 841

Actor, Receive Notification wage/price unit time/quantity annual

frequency cost

( cost r,i, a

B )

Large Farm worker 1 14.64 0.10 0.189 0.28

Lrg

- Sml Farm worker 1 14.64 0.10 0.188 0.28

Med/Sml Farm worker 1 14.64 0.10 0.164 0.24

Large Greenhouse worker 14.64 0.10 0.157 0.23

Small Greenhouse worker 14.64 0.10 0.102 0.15

1 

### Excluding greenhouses. 

### 842

843

 EPA assumes that information at early entry takes 6 minutes. 

### 844

 The frequency with which each worker participates in an early entry task is unchanged from the 

### 845

baseline. 

### 846

847

848

Agricultural Establishments, Safety Display 849

850

A safety display is required at a central location at all agricultural establishments, including those 851

that only employ handlers, if pesticides have been used. Another display is required if 852

decontamination supplies are provided for a crew of 11 or more people. Under the final rule, the 853*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 33 employer will be required to provide contact information for a near

- by medical facilit y and for 854

the state agency responsibl e for the WPS on all displays

. 855

856

Table B.3.b

- 10 . Cost under Final Rule, per WPS farm, Safety posters 857

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm 1

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.315 1.97

Add Contact Information 33.44 0.05 0.315 0.53

Post Display 33.44 0.033 0.946 1.05

Decontamination Display 6.25 1.5 0.048 0.45

Add Contact Information 33.44 0.05 0.048 0.12

Post Display 33.44 0.033 1.43 1.60

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 5.72

Large

- Small WPS farm 1

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.314 1.97

Add Contact Information 33.44 0.05 0.314 0.53

Post Display 33.44 0.033 0.943 1.05

Decontamination Display 6.25 1 0.044 0.28

Add Contact Information 33.44 0.05 0.044 0.07

Post Display 33.44 0.033 0.529 0.59

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 4.48*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 34 Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

probability cost

Medium

- Small WPS farm 1

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.265 1.66

Add Contact Information 33.44 0.05 0.265 0.44

Post Display 33.44 0.033 0.795 0.89

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 2.99

Small

- Small WPS farm 1

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.176 1.10

Add Contact Information 33.44 0.05 0.176 0.29

Post Display 33.44 0.033 0.527 0.59

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 1.98

Large WPS Greenhouse

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.248 1.55

Add Contact Information 33.44 0.05 0.248 0.42

Post Display 33.44 0.033 0.745 0.83

Decontamination Display 6.25 1.5 0.248 2.33

Add Contact Information 33.44 0.08 0.248 0.62

Post Display 33.44 0.033 7.45 8.30

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 14.05

Small WPS Greenhouse

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.182 1.14

Add Contact Information 33.44 0.05 0.182 0.30

Post Sign 33.44 0.033 0.545 0.61

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 2.05

Large Handler

- Only Farm

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.283 1.77

Add Contact Information 33.44 0.05 0.283 0.47

Post Sign 33.44 0.033 0.849 0.95

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 3.19

Small Handler

- Only Farm

Central Poster 6.25 1 0.269 1.68

Add Contact Information 33.44 0.05 0.269 0.45

Post Sign 33.44 0.033 0.807 0.90

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 3.03

1 

### Excluding greenhouses. 

### 858

859

 EPA assumes it takes 3 minutes to add the information to a safety poster, which can be done 

### 860

when it is purchased. 

### 861

 Large and large

- small fruit and vegetables and large greenhouses will potentially have work 

### 862

crews of 11 or more people, especially at harvest. 

### 863

o EPA estimates that there are about 8,100 large fruit and vegetable farms , implying 2,700 

### 864

purchasing signs each ye ar , or 4.8% of 56,532 large farms and nurseries. Farms will 

### 865

need 1 to 2 displays. 

### 866

o EPA estimates that there are about 13,500 large

- small fruit and vegetable farms, implying 

### 867

almost 4,500 purchasing signs each year, or 4.4% of 102,024 large

- small farms and 

### 868

n urseries. Farms are assumed to need 1 display. 

### 869

o All large WPS greenhouses will need additional displays if pesticides are used. 

### 870*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 35  Large work crews will typically be associated with harvest tasks 

### 871

o EPA assumes that a large fruit/vegetable farm will have 10 occa sions /year , on average, 

### 872

employing a crew of 11 or more, since they may harvest a field multiple times over the 

### 873

course of a year, or 81,000 displays or an average of 1.4 displays across all large farms 

### 874

and nurseries. 

### 875

o EPA assumes that a large

- small fruit/vegetable farm will have 4 occasions/year, on 

### 876

average, employing a crew of 11 or more, based on information on the number of blocks 

### 877

of fruit on a typical Washington fruit farm (NASS, 2008). Thus, EPA estimates almost 

### 878

54,000 display or an average of 0.5 across all large

- small farms and nurseries. 

### 879

o EPA assumes large greenhouses will have 10 occasions/year, on average, employing a 

### 880

crew of 11 or more, on the 74.5% of greenhouses that report using pesticides. 

### 881

882

883



## B .4

. Age 884

885

A minimum age does not have direct regulatory costs, but it may effect labor costs. 886

887



## a. Baseline 888

889

The baseline considers the cost of hiring adolescents to conduct certain tasks, in particular, 890

handling pesticides and tasks associated with entry into a field under a REI. 891

892

Table B .4.b

- 1. Baseline Labor Cost, per WPS handler, Minimum Age 893

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

probability cost

WPS Farm with workers

14

- 15 yr old WPS handler 12.03 50 0.004 2.33

16

- 17 yr old WPS handler 15.03 50 0.018 13.27

Expected per

- WPS handler cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 15.60

WPS Farm with handlers only

14

- 15 yr old WPS handler 12.03 50 0.003 2.04

16

- 17 yr old WPS handler 15.03 50 0.016 11.66

Expected per

- WPS handler cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 13.70

CPHE

16

- 17 yr old CPHE handler 17.45 640 0.013 145.15

Expected per

- CPHE handler cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 145.15



### 894

 EPA assumes that 14

- 15 year old WPS handlers are paid $8.22 /hour, 6 0% of adult handlers

, 

### 895

somewhat higher than the federal minimum wage of $7.25/hour

. Loaded wages are calculated to 

### 896

be $10.28/hour 

### 897

 EPA assumes that 16

- 17 year old WPS handlers are paid $1 0.28 /hour, 75 % of adult handlers. 

### 898

Loaded wages are calculated to be $15.03/hour. 

### 899

 EPA assumes that 16

- 17 year old CPHE handlers are paid $11.93/hour, 75 % of adult handlers. 

### 900

Loaded wages are calculated to be $17.45/hour. 

### 901

 WPS handlers under the age of 18 spend, on average, 50 hours per year in handling activities 

### 902

(DOL, 2005). 

### 903

 According to surveys of agricultural workers, 0.47% of pesticide handlers are und er 16 and 

### 904

1.87% are between 16 and 18 years old (DOL, 2005). These percentages are weighted by 94.4 % 

### 905*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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### 36 and 82.9% , the proportion of handlers employed on WPS farms with workers and with handlers 

### 906

only, respectively, making pesticide applications in a given year. 

### 907

 EPA assumes CPHE handlers under the age of 18 spend 640 hours per year in handling activities: 

### 908

40 hr/wk for 16 weeks. 

### 909

 EPA assumes that 1 .3 % of CHPE handlers are under the age of 18. According to the Current 

### 910

Population Survey (BLS, 2014a), in 2013, about 77,000 people were employed in pest control 

### 911

occupations within the category of Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance, of which 

### 912

1,000 were aged 16 to 19, or 1.3 percent of the workforce

. 

### 913

914

Table B .4.a

- 2 . Baseline Labor Cost, per WPS worker, Minimum Age, Early Entry 915

Action/Material wage/price unit time/quantity annual

probability cost

14

- 15 yr old worker 7.32 4 0.006 0.18

16

- 17 yr old worker 8.79 4 0.008 0.29

Expected per

- worker Cost ( cost r,i, a B ) 0.47



### 916

 EPA assumes that 14

- 15 year old WPS workers are paid $5.01 /hour, 50% of adult worker

, 

### 917

approximately the special minimum wage of $4.25 per hour for young workers during the first 90 

### 918

days of employment with a given employer

. Loaded wage rate is $7.32/hour. 

### 919

 EPA assumes that 16

- 17 year old WPS workers are paid $6 .01 /hour, 60% of adult worker s. 

### 920

Loaded wage rate is $8.79/hour. 

### 921

 EPA assumes that early entry tasks take no more than 4 hours

. 

### 922

 EPA calculates the likelihood of a youth worker to participate in early en try activities to be 0.00 6 

### 923

for 14

- 15 year olds and 0.00 8 for 16

- 17 year olds, given that about 27% of farm laborers are 

### 924

under 25 (ERS, 2014) and assuming a near uniform distribution of ages. 

### 925

o According to USDA (ERS, 2014), 27% of farm laborers are under 25 (ERS, 2014). 

### 926

Assuming a near uniform distribution of ages EPA assumes that 14

- 15 year old workers 

### 927

make up 3.4 % of the workforce and 16

- 17 year old workers make up 4.5 % of the 

### 928

workforce. 

### 929

o EPA assumes th ere is a 4 0% chance that a WPS farm will have an early entry event each 

### 930

year , or one event for every 50 applications

. 

### 931

o EPA assumes that h alf the workforce will participate in an early entry event

. 

### 932

o 91.3 % of workers are employed on a WPS farm that makes a pesticide application in a 

### 933

given year ( Appendix A ). 

### 934

935



## b. Final Rule 936

937

Under the final rule, tasks discussed above will have to be conducted by workers or handlers 938

who are at least 18 years of age, presumably at a higher wage. 939

940

Table B .4.b

- 1 . Labor Cost under Final Rule , per handler, Minimum Age (18) 941

Action/Mater ial wage/price unit time/quantity annual

probability cost

( cost r, i

, a P )

Adult WPS handler, farm with

workers 20.04 50 0.022 21.57

Adult WPS handler, farm with

handlers only 20.04 50 0.019 18.95

Adult CPHE handler 23.26 640 0.013 193.54



### 942*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 37  Loaded wages for on

- farm handlers are $20.04/hour and are $23.26/hour for CPHE handlers 

### 943

(BLS, 2014b). 

### 944

 Time worked is equivalent to the time spent by adolescent workers, i.e., adults are not assumed to 

### 945

work more efficiently at handling tasks. 

### 946

 The annual probability of an a dult handler engaging in a task otherwise performed by an 

### 947

adolescent is the total probability that the task is performed by an adolescent in the baseline

. 

### 948

949

Table B .4. b

- 2 . Labor Cost under Final Rule , per WPS worker, Minimum Age (18), Early Entry 950

Action/Ma terial wage/price unit time/quantity annual

probability cost

Adult worker 14.64 4 0.014 0.84



### 951

 Loaded wages for WPS fieldworkers are $14.64/hour (BLS, 2014b). 

### 952

 Time worked is equivalent to the time spent by adolescent workers, i.e., adults are not assumed to 

### 953

work more efficiently at handling tasks. 

### 954

 The annual probability of an adult handler engaging in a task otherwise performed by an 

### 955

adolescent is the total probability that the task is performed by an adolescent in the baseline. 

### 956

957

958



## B .5

. Entry 959

960

No measurable impacts anticipated. See Economic Analysis, Chapter 3, Section 3.5. 961

962

963



## B .6

. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 964

965



## a. Baseline 966

967

Respirator Fit Test 968

969

EPA foresees two likely routes for a farm operator or CPHE to conduct respirator fit tests for 970

him/herself or employees: On

- site testing or Off

- site testing. In the former, the operator 971

purchases an OSHA

- approved fit testing kit and administers the test and training on the farm or 972

within the firm. In the latter, the handler travels to a central location to o btain an OSHA

973

approved tes t; this appears to be a common method for those required under fumigant labels to 974

obtain a fit test. EPA assumes that more on

- farm handlers will opt for off

- site testing and that 975

most CPHEs will opt for on

- site testing. 976

977*** EO 12866 Review Draft

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– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 38 Table B .6. a

- 1. Cost, per WPS farm handler, Off

- farm Respirator Fit 978

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Medical evaluation, on

- line 27.00 1 1.0 27.00

Medical evaluation, time 20.04 0.5 1.0 10.02

Follow

- up examination 72.12 1 0.25 18.03

Follow

- up examination, time 20.04 2.0 0.25 10.02

Fit test and training, fee 50.00 1 1.0 50.00

Fit test and training, time 20.04 1.5 1.0 30.06

Employer oversight 33.44 1 1.0 33.44

Expected per

- handler Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 178.57



### 979

 Handler wages are $20.04/hour, including benefits (BLS, 2014b). 

### 980

 On

- line medical evaluations are available for $27.00 (Affordable Safety Training, 2015). 

### 981

 EPA assumes the handler will spend about 30 minutes filling out the medical evaluation. 

### 982

 A follow

- up examination may be needed to ensure that a respirator can be worn safely. A 

### 983

medical examination costs $72.12 and takes about two hours, including travel. 

### 984

 EPA assumes that a follow

- up examination is needed in 25% of the cases. 

### 985

 Fit tests and training fees are assumed to cost $50, ranging from $35 to $80, according to 

### 986

information from state lead agencies

. 

### 987

 The fit test and training takes about 90 minutes, including travel. 

### 988

 The employer ’s time is valued at $33.44/hour, including wages and benefits (BLS, 2014b), and 

### 989

the employer spends about one hour of time arranging the medical evaluation and fit test. 

### 990

991

Table B.6. a

- 2. Cost, per CPHE handler, On

- site Respirator Fit 992

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Medical evaluation, on

- line 27.00 1 1.0 27.00

Medical evaluation, time 23.26 0.5 1.0 11.63

Follow

- up examination 72.12 1 0.25 18.03

Follow

- up examination, time 23.26 2.0 0.25 11.63

Fit test compliance kit 130.93 1 0.25 32.73

Fit test and training, time 23.26 0.5 1.0 11.63

Employer administration 32.65 0.5 1.0 16.33

Expected per

- handler Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 128.98



### 993

 Handler wages are $23.26/hour, including benefits (BLS, 2014b). 

### 994

 On

- line medical evaluations are available for $27.00 (Affordable Safety Training, 2015). 

### 995

 EPA assumes the handler will spend about 30 minutes filling out the medical evaluation. 

### 996

 A follow

- up examination may be needed to ensure that a respirator can be worn safely. A 

### 997

medical examination costs $72.12 (citation) and takes about two hours, including travel. 

### 998

 EPA a ssumes that a follow

- up examination is needed in 25% of the cases. 

### 999

 Fit test compliance kits cost $130.93 , including shipping (Allegro Safety, 2014). They contain 

### 1000

s ufficient solution to test 4 handlers. 

### 1001

 The fit test and training takes about 30 minutes and is administered by the employer, whose time 

### 1002

is valued at $32.65/hour (BLS, 2014b). 

### 1003

1004*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 39 Agricultural Establishments, Respirator Fit 1005

1006

Table B .6.a

- 3. Baseline Cost, per WPS Farm, Respirator Fit 1007

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

WPS Farm with Handler

Employer assures proper fit 33.44 0.1 0.390 1.31

Handler assures proper fit 20.04 0.1 0.390 0.78

Respirator fit test, off

- farm 178.57 1 0.004 0.80

Expected per

- WPS handler Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 2.88



### 1008

 The employer’s time is valued at $33.44/hour, including wages and benefits and handler wages 

### 1009

are $20.04/hour, including benefits (BLS, 2014b). 

### 1010

 EPA assumes that agricultural e mployers and handlers spend about 6 minutes checking the fit of 

### 1011

a respirator together , assuming one h andler per farm is trained to work with a respirator

. 

### 1012

 EPA calculates that 39.0 % of WPS farms will have one handler fit tested. 

### 1013

o Assumes that WPS farms using a pesticide that requires a respirator are concentrated in 

### 1014

crop

- production, not livestock operations , accounting for 71.4% of farms

. 

### 1015

o Assumes that 60% of farms would use such a product

. 

### 1016

o Assumes fit adjustment occurs when product is used (91.2% of farms with handlers use 

### 1017

pesticides in any given year)

. 

### 1018

 A respirator fit test, taken at a central location, is estimated to cost $178.57, as detailed in Table 

### 1019

B.6.a

- 1. 

### 1020

 EPA estimates that 0. 4 % of WPS farms currently obtain an OSHA

- type respirator fit test for a 

### 1021

handler because they handle fumigants. EPA’s estimate is based on proprietary market survey 

### 1022

data on the p rojected number of farms reporting fumigant applications , averaged over 20 11 to 

### 1023

2013 , multiplied by the proportion of farms that use pesticides that also hire labor

. 

### 1024

o Data are reported for farmer

- applied fumigants in field crops. 

### 1025

o Data are reported on type o f fumigant applied for tree, fruit, and vegetable crops. 

### 1026

 EPA assumes all chemigations are farmer

- applied. 

### 1027

 EPA assumes that all applications of 1,3

- D (including chloropicrin mixes)

, 

### 1028

metam sodium, and metam potassium are farmer applied while all applications of 

### 1029

chloropicrin and chloropicrin mixed with methyl bromide and methyl iodide are 

### 1030

applied by commercial applicators. 

### 1031

1032

Agricultural Establishments, Respirator Fit, California and N orthwest 1033

1034

Table B.6.b

- 4. Cost under Final Rule, per farm, Respirator Fit, California and Northwest 1035

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm

Respirator fit test, off

- farm 178.57 1 0.535 95.57

Large

- small WPS farm

Respirator fit test, off

- farm 178.57 1 0.135 24.05



### 1036

 California and Washington, the representative state for the Northwest region, currently require 

### 1037

OSHA

- style respirator fit testing for products requiring a respirator. 

### 1038*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 40  A respirator fit test, taken at a central location, is estimated to cost $178.57, as detailed in Table 

### 1039

B.6.a

- 1. 

### 1040

 EPA estimates that 53.5% of large WPS farms will have a handler obtain a fit test, assuming 75 % 

### 1041

of large WPS farms that primarily produce crops or 40,190 large WPS fa rms out of 79,434 (Table 

### 1042

3.2

- 3, Economic Analysis) . This proportion is based on national

- level data and is not adjusted for 

### 1043

the numbers of farms in each NAICS within California and the Northwest. 

### 1044

 EPA estimates that 13.5% of large

- small WPS farms will have a handler obtain a fit test, 

### 1045

assuming 75 % of large

- small WPS farms that primarily produce nuts, fruits, and vegetable crops, 

### 1046

and cotton, as well as nurseries and greenhouses, or 17,673 large

- small WPS farms out of 

### 1047

141,753 ( Table 3.2

- 3, Economic Analysis ). This proportion is based on national

- level data and is 

### 1048

not adjusted for the numbers of farms in each NAICS within California and the Northwest. 

### 1049

1050

1051

CPHEs, Respirator Fit 1052

1053

Table B.6.a

- 5 . Baseline Cost, per CPHE, Respirator Fit 1054

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Fit test compliance kit 130.93 1 0.5 65.47

Replacement solution 21.69 1 1 21.69

Employer administration 32.65 3.5 1.0 114.29

Expected per

- CPHE handler Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 201.44



### 1055

 Most CPHEs will conduct respirator fit test under OSHA requirements

. 

### 1056

 A fit test compliance kit costs $130.93, including shipping, and additional or replacement solution 

### 1057

costs $21.69 (Allegro Safety, 2014). 

### 1058

 EPA assumes that the kit will last two years, thus half the CPHE s are lik ely to purchase a kit each 

### 1059

year

. 

### 1060

 EPA assumes the CPHE employer will spend about 3.5 hours per year administering the test and 

### 1061

training, assuming about half the firms handlers work with products requiring a respirator. 

### 1062

1063

CPHE Handlers, Respirator Fit 1064

1065

Table B .6 .a

- 6 . Baseline Cost, per CPHE handler, Respirator Fit 1066

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Medical evaluation, on

- line 27.00 1 0.5 13.50

Medical evaluation, time 23.26 0.5 0.5 5.82

Follow

- up examination 72.12 1 0.13 9.02

Follow

- up examination, time 23.26 2.0 0.13 5.82

Fit test and training, time 23.26 0.5 0.5 5.82

Expected per

- CPHE handler Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 39.97



### 1067

 Handler wages are $23.26/hour, including benefits (BLS, 2014b). 

### 1068

 On

- line medical evaluations are available for $27.00 (Affordable Safety Training, 2015). 

### 1069

 EPA assumes the handler will spend about 30 minutes filling out the medical evaluation. 

### 1070

 A follow

- up examination may be needed to ensure that a respirator can be worn safely. A 

### 1071

medical examination co sts $72.12 (citation) and takes about two hours, including travel. 

### 1072*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 41  EPA assumes that a half of CPHE handlers will receive fit tests and training to work with 

### 1073

pesticides requiring a respirator. Follow

- up examination is needed in 25% of these cases or 

### 1074

12.5% of CPHE handlers. 

### 1075

 The fit test and training takes about 30 minutes and is administered by the employer, whose time 

### 1076

captured under establishment costs. 

### 1077

1078

1079

Agricultural Establishments, Closed Systems 1080

1081

Table B.6.a

- 7 . Ba seline Cost, per farm , Closed System 1082

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm

Fully closed system 49.72 1 0.133 6.59

Partially closed system 22.32 1 0.199 4.44

PPE upkeep 6.93 1 0.331 2.29

Employer provides instruction 33.44 0.25 0.331 2.77

Employee receives instruction 2 0.04 0.25 0.331 1.66

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 17.75

Large

- small WPS farm

Fully closed system 49.72 1 0.029 1.43

Partially closed system 22.32 1 0.043 0.96

PPE upkeep 6.93 1 0.072 0.50

Employer provides instruction 33.44 0.25 0.072 0.60

Employee receives instruction 2 0.04 0.25 0.072 0.36

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 3.85

Large family farm

Fully closed system 49.72 1 0.075 3.75

Partially closed system 22.32 1 0.113 2.52

PPE upkeep 6.93 1 0.188 1.30

Operator provides instruction 33.44 0.25 0.188 1.58

2 nd Operator receives instruction 33.44 0.25 0.188 1.58

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 10.72



### 1083

 A fully closed system costs $49.72/year, based on the depreciation over 10 years at 8% interest, 

### 1084

of equipment costs of $333.62 (Giles and Billing, 2013). 

### 1085

 A partially closed system, i.e. , lacking an adaptor for the pesticide container, costs $22.32/year, 

### 1086

based on the depreciation over 10 years at 8% interest, of equipment costs o f $149.75 (Giles and 

### 1087

Billing, 2013). 

### 1088

 PPE upkeep costs $6.93/year, based on depreciation over 5 years, of costs of $27.65 for coveralls, 

### 1089

overshoes, and gloves (Gempler’s, 2014). 

### 1090

 The time of farm employers and operators is valued at $33.44 /hour and handlers at $20.04 /hour

, 

### 1091

including wages and benefits (BLS, 2014b). 

### 1092

 EPA assumes that instruction in operations take about 15 minutes and includes the employer and 

### 1093

one handler or, in the case of family farms, the operator and the 2 nd 

### operator. 

### 1094

 EPA assumes that 33.1% of large WPS farms (half the large WPS farms producing oilseeds and 

### 1095

grains, cotton and tobacco, fruits, nuts, and vegetables, as well as nurseries and greenhouses), 

### 1096

have a system; 40% of the systems, on 13.3% of farms, are fully closed and 60%, on 19.9% o f 

### 1097

farms, are partially closed. 

### 1098*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 42  EPA assumes that 7.2% of large

- small WPS farms (40% the large

- small WPS farms producing 

### 1099

cotton and tobacco, fruits, nuts, and vegetables, as well as nurseries and greenhouses), have a 

### 1100

system; 40% of the systems, on 2.9% of fa rms, are fully closed and 60%, on 4.3% of farms, are 

### 1101

partially closed. 

### 1102

 EPA assumes that 18.8% of large family farms (one

- third of the large family farms producing 

### 1103

oilseeds and grains, cotton and tobacco, fruits, nuts, and vegetables, as well as nurseries a nd 

### 1104

greenhouses), have a system; 40% of the systems, on 7.5% of farms, are fully closed and 60%, on 

### 1105

11.3% of farms, are partially closed. 

### 1106

1107

CPHEs, Closed Systems 1108

1109

Table B.6.a

- 8 . Baseline Cost, per firm, Closed System 1110

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/qua ntity annual

probability cost

CPHE

Fully closed system 49.72 2 0.70 69.61

Partially closed system 22.32 2 0.30 13.39

PPE upkeep 6.93 2 1.0 13.85

Employer provides instruction 32.65 0.25 1.0 8.16

Employee receives instruction 23.26 0.25 4.0 23.26

Expected per

- firm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 128.27

CPHE, 1

- 2 person

Fully closed system 49.72 1 0.70 34.80

Partially closed system 22.32 1 0.30 6.70

PPE upkeep 6.93 1 1.0 6.93

Expected per

- firm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 48.42



### 1111

 A fully closed system costs $49.72/year, based on the depreciation over 10 years at 8% interest, 

### 1112

of equipment costs of $333.62 (Giles and Billing, 2013). 

### 1113

 A partially closed system, i.e. , lacking an adaptor for the pesticide container, costs $22.32/year, 

### 1114

based on the depreciation ove r 10 years at 8% interest, of equipment costs of $149.75 (Giles and 

### 1115

Billing, 2013). 

### 1116

 PPE upkeep costs $6.93/year, based on depreciation over 5 years, of costs of $27.65 for coveralls, 

### 1117

overshoes, and gloves (Gempler’s, 2014). 

### 1118

 The time of CPHE employers and o perators is valued at $32.65/hour and handlers at $23.26/hour, 

### 1119

including wages and benefits (BLS, 2014b). 

### 1120

 EPA assumes that instruction in operations take about 15 minutes and includes the employer and 

### 1121

four handler s

. No instruction is needed for 1

- 2 person operations. 

### 1122

 EPA assumes that CPHEs have two system s ; 7 0% of the systems are fully closed and 3 0% are 

### 1123

partially closed. 

### 1124

 EPA assumes that all 1

- 2 person CPHEs have a system; 7 0% of the systems are fully closed and 

### 1125

3 0% are partially closed. 

### 1126

1127*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 43 California, Closed Systems 1128

1129

Table B.6.a

- 7. Baseline Cost, per farm, Closed System , California 1130

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm

Fully closed system 49.72 1 0.331 16.47

PPE upkeep 6.93 1 0.331 2.29

Employer provides instruction 33.44 0.25 0.331 2.77

Employee receives instruction 20.04 0.25 0.331 1.66

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 23.19

Large

- small WPS farm

Fully closed system 49.72 1 0.072 3.57

PPE upkeep 6.93 1 0.072 0.50

Employer provides instruction 33.44 0.25 0.072 0.60

Employee receives instruction 20.04 0.25 0.072 0.36

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 5.03

Large family farm

Fully closed system 49.72 1 0.188 9.37

PPE upkeep 6.93 1 0.188 1.30

Operator provides instruction 33.44 0.25 0.188 1.58

2 nd Operator receives instruction 33.44 0.25 0.188 1.58

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 13.19

CPHE

Fully closed system 49.72 2 1.0 99.44

PPE upkeep 6.93 2 1.0 13.85

Employer provides instruction 32.65 0.25 1.0 8.16

Employee receives instruction 23.26 0.25 4.0 23.26

Expected per

- firm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 144.71

CPHE, 1

- 2 person

Fully closed system 49.72 1 1.0 49.72

PPE upkeep 6.93 1 1.0 6.93

Expected per

- firm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 56.64



### 1131

 California requires closed systems to meet certain performance standards. Other parameters are 

### 1132

as provided above. 

### 1133

1134*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 44 

## b. Final Rule 1135

1136

Agricultural Establishments, Respirator Fit 1137

1138

Table B.6.b

- 1. Cost under Final Rule, per farm, Respirator Fit 1139

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm

Respirator fit test, off

- farm 178.57 1 0.535 95.57

Collect/Store documentation 33.44 0.067 0.535 1.19

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 96.76

Large

- small WPS farm

Respirator fit test, off

- farm 178.57 1 0.135 24.05

Collect/Store documentation 33.44 0.067 0.135 0.30

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 24.35

Large family farm

Medical evaluation, on

- line 27.00 1 0.226 6.10

Medical evaluation, time 33.44 0.5 0.226 3.78

Follow

- up examination 72.12 1 0.057 4.08

Follow

- up examination, time 33.44 2.0 0.057 3.78

Fit test and training, fee 50.00 1 0.226 11.30

Fit test and training, time 33.44 1.5 0.226 11.34

Collect/Store documentation 33.44 0.067 0.226 0.50

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 40.89

Large

- small family farm

Medical evaluation, on

- line 27.00 1 0.023 0.62

Medical evaluation, time 33.44 0.5 0. 023 0.39

Follow

- up examination 72.12 1 0.006 0.42

Follow

- up examination, time 33.44 2.0 0.006 0.39

Fit test and training, fee 50.00 1 0.023 1.16

Fit test and training, time 33.44 1.5 0.023 1.16

Collect/Store documentation 33.44 0.067 0. 023 0.50

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 4.18



### 1140

 The employer’s or operator’s time is valued at $33.44/hour, including wages and benefits and 

### 1141

handler wages are $20.04/hour, including benefits (BLS, 2014b). 

### 1142

 A respirator fit test, taken at a central location, is estimated to cost $178.57, as detailed in Table 

### 1143

B.6.a

- 1. 

### 1144

 Activities and time for respirator fit are the same for a family farm except for the oversight. 

### 1145

 Collecting and storing the documentation of the fit test is assumed to take 4 minutes. 

### 1146

 EPA estimates that 53.5% of large WPS farms will have a ha ndler obtain a fit test , assuming 75 % 

### 1147

of large WPS farms that primarily produce crops or 40,190 large WPS farms out of 79,434 

### 1148

(Appendix A). 

### 1149

 EPA estimates that 13.5% of large

- small WPS farms will have a handler obtain a fit test, 

### 1150

assuming 75 % of large

- small WPS farms that primarily produce nuts, fruits, and vegetable crops, 

### 1151

and cotton, as well as nurseries and greenhouses, or 17,673 large

- small WPS farms out of 

### 1152

141,753 (Appendix A). 

### 1153*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 45  EPA estimates that 22.6% of large family farms will have an operator obtain a fit test, assuming 

### 1154

40 % of large family farms that primarily produce oilseeds and grains, nuts, fruits, and vegetable 

### 1155

crops, and cotton, as well as nurseries and greenhouses or 4,284 large family farms out of 18,949 

### 1156

(Appendix A). 

### 1157

 EPA estimates that 2.3% o f large

- small family farms will have an operator obtain a fit test, 

### 1158

assuming 40 % of large

- small family farms that primarily produce nuts, fruits, and vegetable 

### 1159

crops, and cotton, as well as nurseries and greenhouses or 6,704 large

- small family farms out of 

### 1160

115,950 (Appendix A). 

### 1161

1162

CPHEs, Respirator Fit 1163

1164

Table B.6.b

- 2. Cost under Final Rule , per CPHE, Respirator Fit 1165

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Fit test compliance kit 130.93 1 0.5 65.47

Replacement solution 21.69 1 1 21.69

Employer administration 32.65 3.5 1.0 114.29

Expected per

- CPHE handler Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 201.44



### 1166

 The per

- CPHE costs are unchanged from the baseline. The recordkeeping requirement is 

### 1167

calculated per

- handler. 

### 1168

1169

CPHE Handlers, Respirator Fit 1170

1171

Table B.6.b

- 3. Cost under Final Rule , per CPHE handler, Respirator Fit 1172

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Medical evaluation, on

- line 27.00 1 0.5 13.50

Medical evaluation, time 23.26 0.5 0.5 5.82

Follow

- up examination 72.12 1 0.13 9.02

Follow

- up examination, time 23.26 2.0 0.13 5.82

Fit test and training, time 23.26 0.5 0.5 5.82

Collect/Store documentation 32.65 0.067 0.5 1.09

Expected per

- CPHE handler Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 41.06



### 1173

 Per

- h andler costs are largely unchanged from the baseline. 

### 1174

 The time of CPHE employers is valued at $32.65/hour, including wages and benefits (BLS, 

### 1175

2014b). 

### 1176

 Collecting and storing the documentation of the fit test is assumed to take 4 minutes per handler. 

### 1177

1178

1179*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 46 Agricultural Establishments, C losed Systems 1180

1181

Table B.6.a

- 7. Cost under Final Rule, per farm or firm , Closed System 1182

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm

Fully closed system 49.72 1 0.331 16.47

PPE upkeep 6.93 1 0.331 2.29

Write operating instructions 33.44 2 0.066 4.43

Operating instructions 0.02 1 0.166 0.00

Employer provides instruction 33.44 0.25 0.331 2.77

Employee receives instruction 20.04 0.25 0.331 1.66

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 27.63

Large

- small WPS farm

Fully closed system 49.72 1 0.072 3.57

PPE upkeep 6.93 1 0.072 0.50

Write operating instructions 33.44 2 0.014 0.96

Operating instructions 0.02 1 0.036 0.00

Employer provides instruction 33.44 0.25 0.072 0.60

Employee receives instruction 20.04 0.25 0.072 0.36

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 5.99

Large family farm

Fully closed system 49.72 1 0.188 9.37

PPE upkeep 6.93 1 0.188 1.30

Write operating instructions 33.44 2 0.038 2.52

Operating instructions 0.02 1 0.094 0.00

Operator provides instruction 33.44 0.25 0.188 1.58

2 nd Operator receives instruction 33.44 0.25 0.188 1.58

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 16.34

CPHE

Fully closed system 49.72 2 1.0 99.44

PPE upkeep 6.93 2 1.0 13.85

Write operating instructions 32.65 2 0.2 13.06

Operating instructions 0.02 2 0.5 0.02

Employer provides instruction 32.65 0.25 1.0 8.16

Employee receives instruction 23.26 0.25 4.0 23.26

Expected per

- firm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 157.80

CPHE, 1

- 2 person

Fully closed system 49.72 1 1.0 49.72

PPE upkeep 6.93 1 1.0 6.93

Write operating instructions 32.65 2 0.2 13.06

Operating instructions 0.02 1 0.5 0.01

Expected per

- firm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 69.72



### 1183

1184*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 47 

## B .7. Decontamination Supplies 1185

1186



## a. Baseline 1187

1188

Decontamination Water, Workers 1189

1190

Employers are required to provide “sufficient” water for workers entering a field during the REI. 1191

Guidance indicates that 1 gal is considered sufficient

. 1192

1193

Table B.7.a

- 1. Baseline Cost, per worker, Water for decontamination at early entry events 1194

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Provide sufficient water (1 gal) 0.004 1 0.183 0.001

Expected per

- worker Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 0.00



### 1195

 EPA estimates 1 gal of water costs $0.004/gal, based on the average cost of irrigation water in 

### 1196

Kentucky (the state with the highest cost) of $1,258/acre

- foot (NASS, 2014 ). 

### 1197

 EPA estimates that there is an annual probability of 18.3% that a worker will be involved in an 

### 1198

early entry event (see B.3.a) 

### 1199

o An early event occurs about 1 in 50 applications, implying there is a 40% probability a 

### 1200

WPS farm applying pesticides will have an early entry event 

### 1201

o EPA assumes that, on average, 50% of the establishment’s workers will be involved in an 

### 1202

early entry event, implying 20% of the workers on WP S farm applying pesticides. 

### 1203

o Overall, EPA estimates that 91.3 % of workers are employed on WPS farms that apply 

### 1204

pesticides in any given year ( Appendix A ), resulting in a 18.3% chance a WPS worker 

### 1205

being involved in an early entry event. 

### 1206

1207

Eyeflush, WPS Handler s 1208

1209

Table B.7.a

- 2. Baseline Cost, per WPS farm, Eyewash 1210

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm

Eyewash bottle 3.65 1 0.211 0.77

Water 0.004 0.125 3.10 0.00

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 0.77

Large

- Small WPS farm

Eyewash bottle 3.65 1 0.159 0.58

Water 0.004 0.125 1.15 0.00

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 0 .58



### 1211

 A pint bottle, with squirt top, cost s $3.65 at Gempler’s supply (2014). 

### 1212

 Water costs $0.004 per gallon, based on the average cost of irrigation water in Kentucky (the state 

### 1213

with the highest cost) of $1,258/acre

- foot (NASS, 2014). 

### 1214

 One bottle is needed per farm, given relatively low frequency that products requiring eye 

### 1215

protection are used. 

### 1216

 EPA calculates that 21.1% of lar ge WPS farms will purchase a bottle annually. 

### 1217*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 48 o EPA estimates that 84.4% of large WPS farms will use a product requiring eye protection 

### 1218

at some point, based on the proportion of large WPS farms primarily producing oilseeds 

### 1219

and grains, fruits and vegetables, cotton and tobacco, and cattle , sheep, goats, and hogs

, 

### 1220

as well as nurseries and greenhouses

, i.e. , 67,077 out of 79,434 (Appendix A). 

### 1221

o EPA assumes that a bottle lasts about 4 years, implying one

- fourth of farms replace a 

### 1222

bottle each year. 

### 1223

 EPA calculates th at 15.9% of large

- small farms will purchase a bottle annually. 

### 1224

o EPA estimates that 63.4% of large

- small WPS farms will use a product requiring eye 

### 1225

protection at some point, based on the proportion of large WPS farms primarily 

### 1226

producing oilseeds and grains, fruits and vegetables, and cotton and tobacco, as well as 

### 1227

nurseries and greenhouses

, i.e. , 89,881 out of 141,753 (Appendix A). 

### 1228

o EPA assumes that a bottle lasts about 4 years, implying one

- fourth of farms replace a 

### 1229

bottle each year. 

### 1230

 EPA calculates that a pint of water (0.125 gal) is needed, on average, on 3.10 occasions/year per 

### 1231

large WPS farm and 1.15 occasions/year per large

- small WPS farm. 

### 1232

o Large farms have 4 occasions and 91.8% of large farms use pesticides in a given year 

### 1233

(Appendi x A). 

### 1234

o Large

- small farms have 2 occasions and 90.5% of large

- small farms use pesticides in a 

### 1235

given year (Appendix A). 

### 1236

1237

Eyeflush, CPHE Handlers 1238

1239

Table B.7.a

- 3. Baseline Cost, per CPHE handler, Eyewash 1240

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

pro bability cost

Eyewash bottle 3.65 1 0.250 0.91

Water 0.004 0.125 36 0.02

Exp ected per

- handler Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 0.93



### 1241

 A pint bottle, with squirt top, cost s $3.65 at Gempler’s supply (2014). 

### 1242

 Water costs $0.004 per gallon, based on the average cost of irrigation water in Kentucky (the state 

### 1243

with the highest cost) of $1,258/acre

- foot (NASS, 2014). 

### 1244

 One bottle is needed per handler and a bottle lasts about 4 years

. 

### 1245

 EPA calculates that a pint of water (0.125 gal) is needed, on average, on 3 6 occasions/ye ar per 

### 1246

handler, assuming that 40% of applications made by a CPHE handler are of products requiring 

### 1247

protective eyewear and a CPHE handler makes 90 applications/year, on average. 

### 1248

1249



## b. Final Rule 1250

1251

Decontamination Water, Workers 1252

1253

Employers are required to provide 3 gallons of water for workers entering a field during the REI

. 1254

1255*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 49 Table B.7.b

- 1. Cost under Final Rule, per worker, Water for decontamination at early entry 1256

events 1257

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

proba bility cost

Provide sufficient water (1 gal) 0.004 3 0.183 0.002

Expected per

- worker Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 0.00



### 1258

 Employers must provide 3 gallons of water per worker at each early entry event

. 

### 1259

 Prices and annual probability are as in baseline (see Table B. 7 .a

- 1 )

. 

### 1260

1261

1262

Eyeflush, WPS Handlers 1263

1264

Table B.7.b

- 2. Baseline Cost, per WPS farm, Eyewash 1265

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Large WPS farm

Water container/dispenser 20.65 1 0.106 2.18

Eyewash bottle 3.65 1 0.211 0.77

Water 0.004 6 3.10 0.07

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 3.02

Large

- Small WPS farm

Water container/dispenser 20.65 1 0.063 1.31

Eyewash bottle 3.65 1 0.159 0.58

Water 0.004 6 1.15 0.03

Expected per

- farm Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 1.91



### 1266

 A 5

- gallon container , with a valve for controlling the flow of water , cost s $ 20. 65 at Gempler’s 

### 1267

supply (2014). 

### 1268

 A large farm is assumed to purchase a container every eight years; given the proportion of farms 

### 1269

using products requiring protective eyewear, 84. 4% (see Table B.7.a

- 2) , 10.6% of large farms are 

### 1270

expected to purchase a container each year. 

### 1271

 A large

- small farm is assumed to purchase a container every ten years; given the proportion of 

### 1272

farms using products requiring protective eyewear, 63.4% (see Table B.7.a

- 2), 6.3% of large



### 1273

small farms are expected to purchase a container each year. 

### 1274

 Farms will need to provide 6 gallons of water for eyeflush. 

### 1275

 All other parameters are as in the baseline (see Table B.7.a

- 2). 

### 1276

1277

1278*** EO 12866 Review Draft

– Deliberative

– Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During Review ***



### 50 Eyeflush, CPHE Handlers 1279

1280

Table B.7.b

- 3. Baseline Cost, per CPHE handler, Eyewash 1281

Action/Material wage/price unit

time/quantity annual

probability cost

Water container/dispenser 20.65 1 0.1 2.07

Eyewash bottle 3.65 1 0.250 0.91

Water 0.004 6 36 0.83

Exp ected per

- handler Cost ( cost r, i

, a B ) 0.93



### 1282

 A 5

- gallon container , with a valve for controlling the flow of water , cost s $ 20. 65 at Gempler’s 

### 1283

supply (2014). 

### 1284

 EPA calculates that one container is purchased annually for every 10 handlers. 

### 1285

o EPA assumes one container can be shared between two handlers. 

### 1286

o EPA assumes that a container lasts five years. 

### 1287

 The handler will need to be provided 6 gallons of water for each application requiring protective 

### 1288

eyewear. 

### 1289

 All other parameters are as in the baseline (Table B.7.a

- 3). 

### 1290

1291

1292