Austin Bergstrom International AirportSafety Risk ManagementOverview and Training Exercises,“Train the Trainer”Presented by: Jacobs Carter Burgess SMS Project TeamSeptember 16, 2008Page 2What is a Safety Management System?SafetyRiskManagementPage 3What is Safety Risk Management?Safety Risk Management means being both reactivefrom a historical perspective and proactive from aspeculative or anticipatory analysis.By reviewing past occurrences and consideringchanges in progress, a probability and severityassessment can be utilized to mitigate hazards andpotential hazards to an acceptable level.Page 4Safety Risk Management, continuedThe SRM process is utilized when changes in asystem (i.e. the airports’ configuration, operation,procedures, new equipment, expanded or personnelresponsibilities, etc.) are either planned or occur.Any changes to an existing system or systems canintroduce adverse hazards which may result inincidents or accidents.Reason Swiss Cheese Multi-Layer Safety Model



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nAccident?Incident?HAZARDPage 6Safety Risk Management, continuedRisk is the assessment of the likelihood ofoccurrence and the predictable severity of eachidentified hazard.SRM provides the process for evaluation of thevarious risks and the systematic analysis, mitigationand corrective course of action to:Either eliminate the risk(s), orReduce the probability and severity of the risk(s) toan acceptable level.Page 7Safety Risk Management ExamplesExamples when SRM would be required are:Configuration changes at the airport, whether temporaryor permanent;The design of new systems, procedures, and/ororganizations;Any proposed changes to an existing operation,procedures, equipment, personnel and/or environment;orHazards identified during operations or safety assurancefunctions, such as audits or safety reports.Page 8Safety Risk Management ProcessOnce hazards have been identified, they are assessedand analyzed for their potential impact on safety.Mitigation of the potential hazard is developed tominimize the risk to an acceptable level.The mitigation of the risks, development of revisions,modifications, contingency arrangements and theimplementation of mitigation strategies, requiresconscious management decisions to approve, fund,schedule, and implement one or more risk strategies.Page 9Safety Risk Management ProcessThe Safety Risk Management Process consists of fivefunctional phases:1. Describe the System, Procedure, or Organization2. Hazard Identification3. Analyze the Risk4. Assess the Risk5. Treat the Risk & Monitor for EffectivenessPage 10Safety Risk Management – Phase 1Describe the System, Procedure, or Organization;Project, procedure, activity, equipment, and/ororganizationIn describing the system (current & proposed):Define, the configuration, use, intended operation,function and/or task descriptionsDefine what changes are proposedDefine, the scope, objectives and implementationinteractionsPage 11Safety Risk Management – Phase 2Hazard IdentificationAll potential hazards will be listed,Hazard identification comes from;Planning meetings,Reports, safety concerns,Data collection & assessment,Locally developed “Check-Lists”, or“Lessons Learned” and previous experiencesPage 12Hazard Identification TableEach hazardthat is identified will be added to thelist, without pre-judgment.Construction haul routecrosses active taxiway12345Temporary FAA maintenance personnel routewill crosses an active taxiwayConstruction equipment height at the workareaNo FlagmanContractor could usewrong height equipmentAssume FAAunderstands the rulesPage 13Safety Risk Management – Phase 3Analyze the risk for each hazardGroup hazards for commonalityRe-write for consolidationAsk the open-ended questionsWhat if....?, Why did....?Determine the trigger mechanisms and their variousoutcomesIdentify existing controlsPage 14Hazard Identification TableConstruction haul routecrosses active taxiway123Temporary FAA maintenance personnel routewill crosses an active taxiwayConstruction vehicle height at the work areaConsolidatecommonhazards!1VehiclescrossingactiveTaxiway “A”between“A1” and“A2”UnrestrictedaccessNo FlagmanContractor could usewrong height equipmentAssume FAAunderstands the rulesPage 15Safety Risk Management – Phase 4Assess the hazardAssess the severity and likelihood of occurrence byuse of Risk MatrixPrioritize the risk and results from the Risk Matrix1VehiclescrossingactiveTaxiway “A”between“A1” and“A2”UnrestrictedaccessPage 16Safety Risk Management - MatrixMitigating Risk to an acceptable level11RPage 17Safety Risk Management – Phase 5Mitigate/Treat the RiskIdentify risk mitigation optionsHazard reduction or eliminationSelect best-suited option & implementation strategyAs Low As Reasonably Possible (ALARP)Identify monitoring strategies for effectiveness ofmitigationIdentify management level(s) for risk mitigationdecisionsPage 18Safety Risk Management – Phase 5 (cont.)Hazard Reduction or EliminationDesign and/or modify the hazardfor minimization or eliminationReduce exposure and severity– physical guards or barriersWarnings, advisories, and/or signalsProcedural and/or operational changesTraining for hazard avoidanceUpon completion, re-apply SRMprocess on the substituted oreliminated risksTrack changes to system, procedure, equipment, personneland/or environment through data capture, monitoring,reporting, and debriefsPage 19Decision ReportingSafety Risk Management – SRMDRPage 20Safety Risk Management – SRMDRSafety Risk Management Decision Report (SRMDR)The development of a SRMDR, isthe formal documentation ofSRM decisions.Each SRMDR must:Describe the hazard and analysis processExplain mitigating optionsand implementation strategyIdentify the responsible management organization for this taskor activityIdentify stakeholders for implementation, communications, andtraining requirementsIdentify monitoring strategiesfor effectiveness of mitigationPage 21Multiple Hazard Reports for a Project is TypicalSRMDR FormsPage 22SRMDR FormsPage 23SRMDR Forms• Simplified, or• ExpandedPage 24Safety Risk Management – SRMDRSafety Risk Management Decision Reportsshould be completed by the SMS CoordinatorApprovals of SRMDR’s should be at the divisionhead level or above.Approval of the SRMDR certifies that:It was developed properly.Hazards were systematically identified.Risks were appropriately assessed,mitigated and the risks are acceptablePage 25Safety Risk Management (SRM)TrainingPage 26Practical Training Exercises2 Projects Planned for SRM Determinations#1 - Roadway within Runway Clear Areas#2 - ABIA identified projectPage 27Training Exercise #1RoadwaywithinRunway Airport Operations AreasPage 28Training Exercise #1 – Project AreaRoadway within theAirport Operations AreaPage 29Training Exercise #1 -IssuesOFZRSAOFARoadway penetrates;• OFZ• RSA• OFAPage 30Training Exercise #1 – Detailed Issues

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RUNWAYPage 31Training Exercise #1 – Project AccessPage 32Training Exercise #1 – Project PlanStagingArea

OFZ / Construction LimitsHaulRoutesNew RoadwayPage 33Populating the Hazard ListStaging area locationHaul routeConstruction equipment typeRunway OperationsWork within OFZ, RSA or OFAWeather123456789Low visibilityNavaidsPilot DistractionsDust10Page 34Construction & Maintenance ChecklistPage 35Safety Risk Management - MatrixMitigating Risk to an acceptable levelHIGH RISKMODERATEHIGH RISKMEDIUM RISKLOW RISKPage 36Hazard Identification Table123456789Page 37Safety Risk Management - MatrixMapping the Risk123451R2R3R4R5RPage 38SRMDR Hazard Form213456Page 39SRMDR Report FormSimplified, orExpanded.The SRMDRReport can be asbrief or complexas need / riskdemands.Page 40Training Exercise #1 - SRMDRHazard IdentificationAnalyze Each RiskAssess the RiskStagingArea

OFZ / Construction LimitsHaulRoutesNew RoadwayPage 41Training Exercise #1Treat the RiskSRM DeterminationTracking MitigationEffectivenessPage 42Training Exercise #2_________________ ProjectPage 43Training Exercise #2Project SelectionSelect a project within thearea identified in RED, forSRM ApprovalNot too simpleChallenge yourself!Time limit – 90 minutesProject ScopeHazard ListHazard Analysis WorksheetsPreliminary Hazard AnalysisWorksheetRisk Matrix MappingSRMDRPage 44Training Exercise #2 – ABIA ProjectConstructApron 

# Hau l Rout e 1 Hau l Rout e 2AccessTaxiwayKeepDrainageDetentionPage 45Training Exercise #2Page 46Training Exercise #2Page 47Training Exercise #2Page 48SRMDR Form – Hazard ListPage 49SRMDR Form – Hazard Analysis WorksheetPage 50SRMDR Form – Hazard Identification TablePage 51Safety Risk Management - MatrixMitigating Risk to an acceptable levelPage 52Safety Risk Management - MatrixMitigating Risk to an acceptable levelPage 53SRMDR Form – SMRDR ReportPage 54SRMDR Form – SMRDR ReportPage 55SRMDR Form – SMRDR ReportPage 56SRM Life Cycle / StyleDescribe SystemIdentify HazardsAnalyze &AssessRiskImplementMitigateMonitorEvaluateEffectivenessCommunicateThank You!YourJacobs Carter Burgess SMS Team