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 Department of Commerce International Trade Administration A-570-836
 AGENCY: Import Administration, International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce.
 SUMMARY: In response to a request from Geo Specialty Chemicals, Inc. (“GSC”), a domestic glycine producer, the Department of Commerce (“the Department”) is conducting an administrative review of the antidumping duty order on glycine from the People's Republic of China (“PRC”). This review covers Nantong Dongchang Chemical Industry Corporation (“Nantong Dongchang”) and Baoding Mantong Fine Chemistry Co., Ltd. (“Baoding Mantong”). The period of review (“POR”) is March 1, 2007, through February 29, 2008. We did not receive any response from Nantong Dongchang to the Department's antidumping questionnaire in this administrative review; therefore, we have preliminarily determined to apply facts otherwise available with an adverse inference (“AFA”) to Nantong Dongchang. In addition, we have preliminarily determined that Baoding Mantong made sales below normal value (“NV”). The preliminary results are listed below in the section titled “Preliminary Results of the Review.” If these preliminary results are adopted in our final results, we will instruct U.S. Customs and Border Protection (“CBP”) to assess the 
                        *ad valorem*
                         margins against the entered value of each entry of the subject merchandise during the POR, where applicable. Interested parties are invited to comment on these preliminary results. We intend to issue the final results no later than 120 days from the date of publication of this notice.
 EFFECTIVE DATE: April 8, 2009.
 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dena Crossland or Angelica Mendoza, AD/CVD Operations, Office 7, Import Administration, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 14th Street and Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: (202) 482-3362, or (202) 482-3019, respectively.


SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background On March 29, 1995, the Department published in the 
                    **Federal Register**
                     an antidumping duty order on glycine from the PRC. 
                    *See Antidumping Duty Order: Glycine from the People's Republic of China*, 60 FR 16116 (March 29, 1995). On March 3, 2008, the Department published a notice of “Opportunity to Request an Administrative Review” of the antidumping duty order for the POR of March 1, 2007, through February 29, 2008. 
                    *See Antidumping or Countervailing Duty Order, Finding, or Suspended Investigation; Opportunity To Request Administrative Review*, 73 FR 11389 (March 3, 2008). On March 28, 2008, in accordance with 19 CFR 351.213(b), GSC requested that the Department conduct an administrative review of sales of merchandise by the following 24 companies: A.H.A. International Company, Ltd.; Amol Biotech Limited; Antai Bio-Tech Co. Limited; Baoding Mantong; Beijing Jian Li Pharmaceutical Company; Degussa Rexim (Nanning); Du-Hope International Group; Hua Yip Company Inc.; Hubei Guangji Pharmaceutical Co.; Huzhou New Century International Trade Co.; Jizhou City Huayang Chemical Company, Ltd.; Jiangxi Ansun Chemical Technology, Ltd. (“Jiangxi Ansun”); Nantong Dongchang; Nantong Weifu Foreign Trade Co., Ltd.; Pudong Trans USA, Inc.; Qingdao Samin Chemical Company, Ltd.; Santec Chemicals Corporation; Schenker China Ltd.; Shanghai Freemen Lifescience Co., Ltd.; Sinosweet Co., Ltd.; Suzhou Everich Imp. & Exp. Co., Ltd.; Taigene Global Enterprises Ltd.; Tianjin Tiancheng Pharmaceutical Co.; and Wenda Co., Ltd. In response to this request, the Department published the initiation of the antidumping duty administrative review on glycine from the PRC on April 25, 2008. See Initiation of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Administrative Reviews and Request for Revocation in Part, 73 FR 22337 (April 25, 2008). On May 8, 2008, Jiangxi Ansun notified the Department that it had no exports and no sales of glycine to the United States during the POR. On July 16, 2008, the Department selected Baoding Mantong and Nantong Dongchang as mandatory respondents. 
                    *See*
                     Memorandum to Richard O. Weible, Director, AD/CVD Operations, Office 7, through Angelica L. Mendoza, Program Manager, AD/CVD Operations, Office 7, from Dena Crossland, International Trade Analyst, AD/CVD Operations, Office 7, regarding the 2007/2008 Antidumping Duty Administrative Review of Glycine from the People's Republic of China: Selection of Respondents (“Respondent Selection Memo”), dated July 16, 2008. On July 21, 2008, petitioner GSC timely withdrew its request for review for all of the companies except Baoding Mantong and Nantong Dongchang. On August 29, 2008, the Department rescinded the review with respect to all of the companies except Baoding Mantong and Nantong Dongchang. 
                    *See Glycine from the People's Republic of China: Partial Rescission of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review*, 73 FR 50940 (August 29, 2008). On December 2, 2008, the Department extended the deadline for the preliminary results to March 31, 2009. 
                    *See Glycine from the People's Republic of China: Extension of Time Limit for the Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review*, 73 FR 73244 (December 2, 2008). Questionnaires On July 16, 2008, the Department issued standard non-market economy (“NME”) antidumping duty questionnaire, including the separate rates section of that questionnaire, to Baoding Mantong and Nantong Dongchang. On August 7, 2008, a former representative of Nantong Dongchang notified the Department that Nantong Dongchang would not participate in this administrative review. See Letter from deKeiffer & Horgan to the Department, dated August 7, 2008. On August 15, 2008, the Department sent a questionnaire directly to Nantong Dongchang in the PRC, and requested that it notify the Department immediately, in writing, if it did not intend to participate in this administrative review. We did not receive any response from Nantong Dongchang. We confirmed that Nantong Dongchang received the Department's questionnaire on August 21, 2008. 
                    *See*
                     Memorandum to the File through Angelica L. Mendoza, Program Manager, AD/CVD Operations, Office 7, from Dena Crossland, Case Analyst, AD/CVD Operations, Office 7, regarding Nantong Dongchang Chemical Industry Corporation (“Nantong Dongchang”): Confirmation of Receipt of Antidumping Questionnaire (“Questionnaire”), dated March 18, 2009. Baoding Mantong submitted its section A questionnaire response on August 13, 2008, and its section C and D questionnaire responses on September 9, 2008. Baoding Mantong submitted supplemental questionnaire responses on September 24, 2008, October 23, 2008, January 26, 2009, March 10, 2009, and March 20, 2009. Respondent Selection Section 777A(c)(1) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (“the Act”), directs the Department to calculate individual dumping margins for each known producer or exporter of the subject merchandise. Because it was not practicable for the Department to individually examine all of the companies covered by the review, the Department limited its examination to a reasonable number of producers/exporters, accounting for the greatest volume, pursuant to section 777A(c)(2)(B) of the Act. Therefore, the 
                    ( print page 15932)
                    Department selected Nantong Dongchang and Baoding Mantong as the mandatory respondents in this review. 
                    *See*
                     Respondent Selection Memo. However, because the Department is now individually examining all of the companies in which a request for review remains pending (
                    *i.e.*, Baoding Mantong and Nantong Dongchang), respondent selection is no longer an issue for purposes of these preliminary results. Non-Market Economy Country Status In every case conducted by the Department involving the PRC, the PRC has been treated as a NME country. In accordance with section 771(18)(C)(i) of the Act, any determination that a foreign country is a NME country shall remain in effect until revoked by the administering authority. 
                    *See, e.g., Brake Rotors From the People's Republic of China: Preliminary Results and Partial Rescission of the 2004/2005 Administrative Review and Preliminary Notice of Intent to Rescind the 2004/2005 New Shipper Review*, 71 FR 26736, 26739 (May 8, 2006), which was unchanged in the final results (
                    *Brake Rotors From the People's Republic of China: Final Results and Partial Rescission of the 2004/2005 Administrative Review and Notice of Rescission of 2004/2005 New Shipper Review*, 71 FR 66304 (November 14, 2006)). None of the parties to this proceeding has contested such treatment. Accordingly, we calculated NV in accordance with section 773(c) of the Act, which applies to NME countries. Surrogate Country and Factors On August 19, 2008, the Department's Office of Policy issued a memorandum listing India, Indonesia, the Philippines, Colombia, and Thailand as economically comparable surrogate countries for this review. On August 22, 2008, we invited interested parties to comment on the Department's surrogate country selection and to submit publicly available information to value the factors of production (“FOPs”), and attached the memorandum outlining the appropriate surrogate countries in this case based solely on economic comparability. 
                    *See*
                     Letter to All Interested Parties, from Angelica L. Mendoza, Program Manager, Office 7, Import Administration, regarding 2007-2008 Administrative Review of Glycine from the People's Republic of China (“China”): Surrogate Country List, at Attachment One (“Surrogate Country Letter Attachment”). On November 7, 2008, Baoding Mantong and GSC submitted information for the Department to consider in valuing the FOPs. On November 17, 2008, and February 17, 2009, GSC submitted comments regarding the surrogate value information placed on the record. All surrogate value data submitted by both parties were from Indian sources. When the Department investigates imports from a NME country, section 773(c)(1) of the Act directs it to base NV, in most circumstances, on the NME producer's FOPs, valued in a surrogate market economy country or countries considered to be appropriate by the Department. In accordance with section 773(c)(4) of the Act, in valuing the factors of production, the Department shall utilize, to the extent possible, the prices or costs of FOPs in one or more market economy countries that are: (1) at a level of economic development comparable to that of the NME country; and (2) significant producers of comparable merchandise. India is among the countries comparable to the PRC in terms of overall economic development. In addition, based on publicly available information placed on the record (i.e., export data as found in the Surrogate Country Letter Attachment), India is a significant producer of the subject merchandise. Furthermore, India has been the primary surrogate country in past segments of this case, and both GSC and Baoding Mantong submitted surrogate values based solely on Indian data that are contemporaneous to the POR. Given that India meets the criteria listed in sections 773(c)(4)(A) and (B) of the Act, interested parties placed only Indian surrogate value information on the record of this review, and our use of India as the surrogate country in past reviews of glycine, we have selected India as the surrogate country for purposes of these preliminary results. The sources of the surrogate factor values are discussed under the “Normal Value” section below and in Memorandum to the File through Angelica L. Mendoza, Program Manager, AD/CVD Operations, Office 7, from Dena Crossland, International Trade Compliance Analyst, AD/CVD Operations, Office 7, Administrative Review of Glycine from the People's Republic of China: Surrogate Values for the Preliminary Results, March 31, 2009 (“Surrogate Values Memo”). In accordance with 19 CFR 351.301(c)(3)(ii), for the final results of an antidumping administrative review, interested parties may submit publicly available information to value the factors of production within 20 days after the date of publication of these preliminary results.1 Scope of the Order The product covered by the order is glycine, which is a free-flowing crystalline material, like salt or sugar. Glycine is produced at varying levels of purity and is used as a sweetener/taste enhancer, a buffering agent, reabsorbable amino acid, chemical intermediate, and a metal complexing agent. This review covers glycine of all purity levels. Glycine is currently classified under subheading 2922.49.4020 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (“HTSUS”). Although the HTSUS subheading is provided for convenience and Customs purposes, the written description of the merchandise under the order is dispositive. Separate Rate A designation of a country as a NME remains in effect until it is revoked by the Department. 
                    *See*
                     section 771(18)(C)(i) of the Act. Accordingly, there is a rebuttable presumption that all companies within the PRC are subject to government control and, thus, should be assessed a single antidumping duty rate. It is the Department's standard policy to assign all exporters of the merchandise subject to review in NME countries a single rate unless an exporter can affirmatively demonstrate an absence of government control, both in law (de jure) and in fact (de facto), with respect to exports. To establish whether a company is sufficiently independent to be entitled to a separate, company-specific rate, the Department analyzes each exporting entity in a NME country under the test established in the 
                    *Final Determination of Sales at Less than Fair Value: Sparklers from the People's Republic of China*, 56 FR 20588 (May 6, 1991) (“Sparklers”), as amplified by the 
                    *Notice of Final Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value: Silicon Carbide from the People's Republic of China*, 59 FR 22585 
                    ( print page 15933)
                    (May 2, 1994) (“
                    *Silicon Carbide*
                    ”). With respect to Nantong Dongchang, as noted above, Nantong Dongchang has not participated in this administrative review; therefore Nantong Dongchang has failed to demonstrate its eligibility for a separate rate. 
                    *See*
                     “PRC-Wide Rate and Facts Otherwise Available” section, below. A. Absence of De Jure Control The Department considers the following 
                    *de jure*
                     criteria in determining whether an individual company may be granted a separate rate: 1) an absence of restrictive stipulations associated with an individual exporter's business and export licenses; 2) any legislative enactments decentralizing control of companies; and 3) any other formal measures by the government decentralizing control of companies. 
                    *See Sparklers*, 56 FR at 20589. In the prior administrative review for this case, the Department granted a separate rate to Baoding Mantong. 
                    *See Glycine from the People's Republic of China: Final Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review*, 73 FR 55814 (September 26, 2008). However, it is the Department's policy to evaluate requests for a separate rate individually, regardless of whether the respondent received a separate rate in the past. 
                    *See Manganese Metal From the People's Republic of China: Final Results and Partial Rescission of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review*, 63 FR 12440, 12441-12442 (March 13, 1998). In this review, Baoding Mantong submitted a complete response to the separate rates section of the Department's NME questionnaire. 
                    *See*
                     Baoding Mantong section A questionnaire response, August 13, 2008. In its questionnaire response, Baoding Mantong includes PRC government laws and regulations with respect to corporate ownership, its business license, and narrative information regarding the company's operations and selection of management. The information provided by Baoding Mantong supports a finding of a 
                    *de jure*
                     absence of governmental control over their export activities based on: (1) an absence of restrictive stipulations associated with the exporter's business license; and (2) the legal authority on the record decentralizing control over Baoding Mantong, as demonstrated by the PRC laws placed on the record of this review. No party submitted information to the contrary. Accordingly, we preliminarily find an absence of 
                    *de jure*
                     control. B. Absence of De Facto Control The absence of de facto governmental control over exports is based on whether the respondent: (1) sets its own export prices independent of the government and other exporters; (2) retains the proceeds from its export sales and makes independent decisions regarding the disposition of profits or financing of losses; (3) has the authority to negotiate and sign contracts and other agreements; and (4) has autonomy from the government regarding the selection of management. 
                    *See Silicon Carbide*, 59 FR at 22587; 
                    *Sparklers*, 56 FR at 20589; 
                    *see also Notice of Final Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value: Furfuryl Alcohol from the People's Republic of China*, 60 FR 22544, 22545 (May 8, 1995). In its questionnaire responses, Baoding Mantong submitted evidence indicating an absence of de facto governmental control over its export activities. Specifically, this evidence indicates that: (1) Baoding Mantong sets its own export prices independent of the government and without the approval of a government authority; (2) Baoding Mantong retains the proceeds from its sales and makes independent decisions regarding the disposition of profits or financing of losses; (3) Baoding Mantong has a general manager with the authority to negotiate and bind the company in an agreement; (4) the general manager is selected by the board of directors, and the general manager appoints the deputy managers and the manager of each department; and (5) there is no restriction on the company's use of export revenues. Therefore, the Department preliminarily finds that Baoding Mantong has established 
                    *prima facie*
                     that it qualifies for a separate rate under the criteria established by 
                    *Silicon Carbide*
                     and 
                    *Sparklers*. PRC Wide Rate and Facts Otherwise Available Nantong Dongchang, which was selected as a mandatory respondent, did not respond to the Department's request for information, and thus has failed to demonstrate its eligibility for a separate rate. The PRC-wide rate applies to all entries of subject merchandise except for entries from PRC producers/exporters that have their own calculated rate. 
                    *See*
                     “Separate Rates” section above. Companies that have not demonstrated their entitlement to a separate rate are appropriately considered to be part of the PRC-wide entity. Therefore, we determine it is necessary to review the PRC-wide entity, because Nantong Dongchang is subject to the instant proceeding. In doing so, we note that section 776(a)(1) of the Act mandates that the Department use the facts available if necessary information is not available on the record of an antidumping proceeding. In addition, section 776(a)(2) of the Act provides that if an interested party or any other person: (A) withholds information that has been requested by the administering authority; (B) fails to provide such information by the deadlines for the submission of the information or in the form and manner requested, subject to subsections (c)(1) and (e) of section 782 of the Act; (C) significantly impedes a proceeding under this title; or (D) provides such information but the information cannot be verified as provided in section 782(i) of the Act, the Department shall, subject to section 782(d) of the Act, use the facts otherwise available in reaching the applicable determination under this title. Where the Department determines that a response to a request for information does not comply with the request, section 782(d) of the Act provides that the Department shall promptly inform the party submitting the response of the nature of the deficiency and shall, to the extent practicable, provide that party with an opportunity to remedy or explain the deficiency. Section 782(d) of the Act additionally states that if the party submits further information that is unsatisfactory or untimely, the administering authority may, subject to subsection (e), disregard all or part of the original and subsequent responses. Section 782(e) of the Act provides that the Department shall not decline to consider information that is submitted by an interested party and is necessary to the determination but does not meet all the applicable requirements established by the administering authority if: (1) the information is submitted by the deadline established for its submission; (2) the information can be verified; (3) the information is not so incomplete that it cannot serve as a reliable basis for reaching the applicable determination; (4) the interested party has demonstrated that it acted to the best of its ability in providing the information and meeting the requirements established by the administering authority with respect to the information; and (5) the information can be used without undue difficulties. As addressed below for Nantong Dongchang, we find that the PRC-wide entity (which includes Nantong Dongchang) did not respond to our request for information. Therefore, we find it necessary, under section 776(a)(2) of the Act, to use facts 
                    ( print page 15934)
                    otherwise available as the basis for the preliminary results of this review for the PRC-wide entity. On August 15, 2008, the Department issued an antidumping duty questionnaire directly to Nantong Dongchang in the PRC. In the cover letter that accompanied that questionnaire, we requested that Nantong Dongchang notify the Department immediately, in writing, if it did not intend to participate in this administrative review. Additionally, we stated in the cover letter that if Nantong Dongchang did not participate in this administrative review, we may apply facts otherwise available with an adverse inference pursuant to sections 776(a) and (b) of the Act. We did not receive any response from Nantong Dongchang. Accordingly, pursuant to sections 776(a)(2)(A),(B), and (C) of the Act, the Department preliminarily finds that the application of facts available is appropriate for these preliminary results. Pursuant to section 776(b) of the Act, we find that the PRC-wide entity, which includes Nantong Dongchang, failed to cooperate by not acting to the best of its ability. As noted above, Nantong Dongchang did not provide the requested information, despite the Department's request that it do so. This POR-specific information was in the sole possession of Nantong Dongchang, and could not be obtained otherwise. Therefore, because Nantong Dongchang, and thus the PRC-wide entity, refused to participate in this proceeding, we find it appropriate to use an inference that is adverse to the interests of the PRC-wide entity in selecting from among the facts otherwise available. By doing so, we ensure that the companies that are part of the PRC-wide entity, including Nantong Dongchang, will not obtain a more favorable result by failing to cooperate than had they cooperated fully in this review. Selection of Adverse Facts Available (“AFA”) Rate In deciding which facts to use as AFA, section 776(b) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.308(c) authorize the Department to rely on information derived from (1) the petition, (2) a final determination in the investigation, (3) any previous review or determination, or (4) any information placed on the record. In reviews, the Department normally selects, as AFA, the highest rate on the record of any segment of the proceeding. 
                    *See, e.g., Freshwater Crawfish Tail Meat from the People's Republic of China: Notice of Final Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review*, 68 FR 19504, 19506 (April 21, 2003). The Court of International Trade (“CIT”) and the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit have consistently upheld the Department's practice in this regard. 
                    *See Rhone Poulenc, Inc. v. United States*, 899 F.2d 1185, 1190 (Fed. Cir. 1990) (“
                    *Rhone Poulenc*
                    ”); 
                    *NSK Ltd. v. United States*, 346 F. Supp. 2d 1312, 1335 (CIT 2004) (upholding a 73.55 percent total AFA rate, the highest available dumping margin from a different respondent in a LTFV investigation); 
                    *see also Kompass Food Trading Int'l v. United States*, 24 CIT 678, 680 (2000) (upholding a 51.16 percent total AFA rate, the highest available dumping margin from a different, fully cooperative respondent); 
                    *Shanghai Taoen Int'l Trading Co., Ltd. v. United States*, 360 F. Supp 2d 1339, 1348 (CIT 2005) (upholding a 223.01 percent total AFA rate, the highest available dumping margin from a different respondent in a previous administrative review). The Department's practice when selecting an adverse rate from among the possible sources of information is to ensure that the margin is sufficiently adverse “so as to effectuate the statutory purposes of the adverse facts available rule to induce respondents to provide the Department with complete and accurate information in a timely manner.” 
                    *See Notice of Final Determination of Sales at Less than Fair Value: Static Random Access Memory Semiconductors from Taiwan*, 63 FR 8909, 8932 (February 23, 1998). The Department's practice also ensures “that the party does not obtain a more favorable result by failing to cooperate than if it had cooperated fully.” See Statement of Administrative Action accompanying the Uruguay Round Agreements Act, H.R. Doc. 103-316, vol. 1 (1994) (“SAA”), at 870; 
                    *see also Notice of Final Determination of Sales at Less than Fair Value: Certain Frozen and Canned Warmwater Shrimp from Brazil*, 69 FR 76910, 76912 (December 23, 2004); 
                    *D&L Supply Co. v. United States*, 113 F.3d 1220, 1223 (Fed. Cir. 1997). In choosing the appropriate balance between providing respondents with an incentive to respond accurately and imposing a rate that is reasonably related to the respondent's prior commercial activity, selecting the highest prior margin “reflects a common sense inference that the highest prior margin is the most probative evidence of current margins because, if it were not so, the importer, knowing of the rule, would have produced current information showing the margin to be less.” 
                    *Rhone Poulenc*, 899 F.2d at 1190. Consistent with the statute, court precedent, and its normal practice, the Department has assigned the rate of 155.89 percent, the highest rate on the record of any segment of the proceeding, to the PRC-wide entity, which includes Nantong Dongchang, as AFA. 
                    *See, e.g., Glycine from the People's Republic of China: Final Results of the Expedited Sunset Review of the Antidumping Duty Order*, 70 FR 58185 (October 5, 2005) (“
                    *Glycine Sunset Results*
                    ”). As discussed further below, this rate has been corroborated. Corroboration of Secondary Information Used as AFA Section 776(c) of the Act provides that, where the Department selects from among the facts otherwise available and relies on “secondary information,” the Department shall, to the extent practicable, corroborate that information from independent sources reasonably at the Department's disposal. Secondary information is described in the SAA as “information derived from the petition that gave rise to the investigation or review, the final determination concerning the subject merchandise, or any previous review under section 751 concerning the subject merchandise.” 
                    *See*
                     SAA at 870. The SAA states that “corroborate” means to determine that the information used has probative value. The Department has determined that to have probative value, information must be reliable and relevant. 
                    *See Tapered Roller Bearings and Parts Thereof, Finished and Unfinished from Japan, and Tapered Roller Bearings Four Inches or Less in Outside Diameter, and Components Thereof, from Japan; Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Reviews and Partial Termination of Administrative Reviews*, 61 FR 57391, 57392 (November 6, 1996), unchanged in 
                    *Tapered Roller Bearings and Parts Thereof, Finished and Unfinished, From Japan, and Tapered Roller Bearings, Four Inches or Less in Outside Diameter, and Components Thereof, From Japan; Final Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Reviews and Termination in Part*, 62 FR 11825 (March 13, 1997). The SAA also states that independent sources used to corroborate such evidence may include, for example, published price lists, official import statistics and customs data, and information obtained from interested parties during the particular investigation or review. SAA, at 870. 
                    *See Notice of Preliminary Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value: High and Ultra-High Voltage Ceramic Station Post Insulators from Japan*, 68 FR 35627 (June 16, 2003) unchanged in 
                    *Notice of Final Determination of Sales at Less 
                        ( print page 15935)
                        Than Fair Value: High and Ultra-High Voltage Ceramic Station Post Insulators from Japan*, 68 FR 62560 (November 5, 2003); 
                    *Notice of Final Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value: Live Swine From Canada*, 70 FR 12181, 12183 (March 11, 2005). To be considered corroborated, information must be found to be both reliable and relevant. Unlike other types of information, such as input costs or selling expenses, there are no independent sources for calculated dumping margins. The only sources for calculated margins are administrative determinations. The AFA rate we are applying for the current review, 155.89 percent, the PRC-wide rate established in the LTFV investigation, was determined to have probative value during the 2005 sunset review of glycine from the PRC, as the Department found it to be the only margin that reflects the actions of the PRC-wide entity absent the discipline of an order. 
                    *See Glycine from the People's Republic of China; Final Results of the Expedited Sunset Review of the Antidumping Duty Order*, 70 FR 58185 (October 5, 2005) and accompanying Issues and Decision Memorandum for the Expedited Sunset Review of the Antidumping Duty Order on Glycine from the People's Republic of China; Final Results, to Joseph A. Spetrini, Acting Assistant Secretary for Import Administration, from Barbara E. Tillman, Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary for Import Administration, at Comment 2 (“
                    *Glycine Sunset Review*
                    ”). Furthermore, no information has been presented in the current review that calls into question the reliability of this information. Thus, the Department finds that the information continues to be reliable. With respect to the relevance aspect of corroboration, the Department will consider information reasonably at its disposal to determine whether a margin continues to have relevance. Where circumstances indicate that the selected margin is not appropriate as adverse facts available, the Department will disregard the margin and determine an appropriate margin. 
                    *See, e.g., Fresh Cut Flowers from Mexico; Final Results of Antidumping Administrative Review*, 61 FR 6812, 6814 (February 22, 1996). Similarly, the Department does not apply a margin that has been discredited. 
                    *See D & L Supply Co. v. United States*, 113 F.3d 1220, 1221 (Fed. Cir. 1997) (the Department will not use a margin that has been judicially invalidated). As noted, the AFA rate we are applying for the current review was determined to have probative value during the 2005 sunset review of glycine from the PRC, as the Department found it to be the only margin that reflects the actions of the PRC-wide entry absent the discipline of an order. 
                    *See Glycine Sunset Review*. Moreover, as there is no information on the record of this review that demonstrates that this rate is not appropriate for use as adverse facts available, we determine that this rate has relevance. As the AFA rate is both reliable and relevant, we find that it has probative value. As a result, the Department preliminarily determines that the AFA margin is corroborated for the purposes of this administrative review and may reasonably be applied to the PRC-wide entity, which includes Nantong Dongchang. Because these are the preliminary results of the review, the Department will consider all margins on the record at the time of the final results of review for the purpose of determining the most appropriate final margin for Nantong Dongchang. 
                    *See Notice of Preliminary Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value: Solid Fertilizer Grade Ammonium Nitrate From the Russian Federation*, 65 FR 1139 (January 7, 2000) unchanged in Notice of 
                    *Final Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value; Solid Fertilizer Grade Ammonium Nitrate from the Russian Federation*, 65 FR 42669 (July 11, 2000). Normal Value Comparisons To determine whether Baoding Mantong's sales of the subject merchandise to the United States were made at a price below NV, we compared its United States prices to a normal value, as described in the “United States Price” and “Normal Value” sections of this notice below. United States Price A. Export Price In accordance with section 772(a) of the Act, we calculated the export price (“EP”) for certain sales to the United States for Baoding Mantong because the first sale to an unaffiliated party was made before the date of importation and the use of constructed EP (“CEP”) was not otherwise warranted. We based EP on free-on-board port or delivered prices to unaffiliated purchasers in the United States. In accordance with section 772(c)(2)(A) of the Act, we made deductions for movement expenses, where appropriate. Movement expenses included expenses for foreign inland freight from plant to port of exportation, foreign brokerage and handling, international freight, and marine insurance. Foreign inland freight, foreign brokerage and handling, and marine insurance were provided by a NME vendor and, thus, as explained in the section below, we based the amounts of the deductions for these movement charges on values from a surrogate country. For international freight, for certain sales, we used the reported expenses because Baoding Mantong used a market-economy freight carrier and/or paid for those expenses in a market-economy currency. Otherwise, where Baoding Mantong used a NME freight carrier and/or paid for this expense in a NME currency, we valued international freight expenses using U.S. dollar freight quotes that the Department obtained from Maersk Sealand (“Maersk”), a market-economy shipper. We obtained quotes from Maersk for shipments from the PRC port of export and the U.S. port of import reported by Baoding Mantong for its U.S. sales. Because these data were not contemporaneous to the POR, we adjusted them for inflation using the U.S. wholesale price indices (“WPI”) as published in the International Financial Statistics (“IFS”) Online Service maintained by the Statistics Department of the International Monetary Fund at the website http://www.imfstatistics.org. For a detailed description of all adjustments, see Surrogate Values Memo. We valued marine insurance using a publicly available price quote from RJG Consultants, a marine insurance provider at http://www.rjgconsultants.com/​insurance.html. We valued brokerage and handling using a simple average of the brokerage and handling costs that were reported in public submissions that were filed in three antidumping duty cases. Specifically, we averaged the public brokerage and handling expenses reported by: Agro Dutch Industries Ltd. in the antidumping duty administrative review of certain preserved mushrooms from India; Kejirwal Paper Ltd. in the less than fair value investigation of certain lined paper products from India; and Essar Steel in the antidumping duty administrative review of hot-rolled carbon steel flat products from India. The final results for these reviews and investigations can be found at: 
                    *Certain Preserved Mushrooms From India: Final Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review*, 71 FR 10646 (March 2, 2006); 
                    *see also Notice of Preliminary Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value, Postponement of Final Determination, and Affirmative Preliminary Determination of Critical Circumstances in Part: Certain Lined Paper Products From India, 71 FR 19706 (April 17, 2006) (unchanged in final results*, 71 FR 45012 (August 8, 2006)), 
                    ( print page 15936)
                    and 
                    *Certain Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Flat Products From India: Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review*, 71 FR 2018, 2021 (January 12, 2006) (unchanged in final results, 71 FR 40694 (July 18, 2006)). We identify the source used to value foreign inland freight in the “Normal Value” section of this notice, below. We adjusted these values, as appropriate, to account for inflation or deflation between the effective period and the POR. We calculated the inflation or deflation adjustments for these values using the WPI for India. Normal Value (“NV”) 1. Methodology Section 773(c)(1) of the Act provides that the Department shall determine the NV using a FOP methodology if the merchandise is exported from a NME and the information does not permit the calculation of NV using home-market prices, third-country prices, or constructed value under section 773(a) of the Act. The Department bases NV on the FOPs because the presence of government controls on various aspects of NMEs renders price comparisons and the calculation of production costs invalid under the Department's normal methodologies. 2. Factor Valuations In accordance with section 773(c)(1) of the Act, we calculated NV based on FOPs reported by Baoding Mantong for the POR. To calculate NV, we multiplied the reported per unit factor-consumption rates by publicly available Indian surrogate values. In selecting the surrogate values, we considered the quality, specificity, and contemporaneity of the data. As appropriate, we adjusted input prices by including freight costs to make them delivered prices. Specifically, we added to Indian import surrogate values a surrogate freight cost using the shorter of the reported distance from the domestic supplier to the factory of production or the distance from the nearest seaport to the factory of production where appropriate. This adjustment is in accordance with the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit's decision in 
                    *Sigma Corp. v. United States*, 117 F.3d 1401, 1407-1408 (Fed. Cir. 1997). Where we did not use Indian import data, we calculated freight based on the reported distance from the supplier to the factory. With regard to surrogate values from import statistics, we disregard prices that we have reason to believe or suspect may be subsidized, such as the prices of inputs from Indonesia, South Korea and Thailand. We have found in other proceedings that these countries maintain broadly available, non-industry-specific export subsidies and, therefore, it is reasonable to infer that all exports to all markets from these countries may be subsidized. 
                    *See Notice of Final Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value and Negative Final Determination of Critical Circumstances: Certain Color Television Receivers From the People's Republic of China*, 69 FR 20594 (April 16, 2004) and accompanying Issues and Decision memorandum at Comment 7 (“
                    *CTVs from the PRC*
                    ”). The legislative history provides guidance that in making its determination as to whether input values may be subsidized, the Department is not required to conduct a formal investigation. Instead, the Department is to base its decision on information that is available to it at the time it makes its determination. See H.R. Rep. 100-576 (1988) at 590. Therefore, based on the information currently available, we have not used prices from these countries in calculating the surrogate values based on Indian import data. We have also disregarded Indian import data from countries that the Department has previously determined to be NME countries, as well as imports from unspecified countries. 
                    *See CTVs from the PRC*. It is the Department's practice to calculate price index adjustors to inflate or deflate, as appropriate, surrogate values that are not contemporaneous with the POR using the wholesale price index for the subject country. 
                    *See, e.g., Certain Preserved Mushrooms from the People's Republic of China: Preliminary Results of the Antidumping Duty New Shipper Review*, 71 FR 38617, 38619 (July 7, 2006), unchanged in final, 
                    *Certain Preserved Mushrooms from the People's Republic of China: Final Results of the Antidumping Duty New Shipper Review*, 71 FR 66910 (November 17, 2006). Therefore, where publicly available information contemporaneous with the POR with which to calculate surrogate values could not be obtained, surrogate values were adjusted using the WPI for India. Surrogate values denominated in foreign currencies were converted into U.S. dollars (“USD”) using the applicable average exchange rate based on exchange rate data from the Department's website. In accordance with 19 CFR 351.301(c)(3)(ii), for the final determination in an administrative review, interested parties may submit publicly available information to value the factors of production within 20 days after the date of publication of the preliminary results. 
                    *See*
                     Surrogate Values Memo. The Department used Indian Import Statistics to value the raw material and packing material inputs that Baoding Mantong used to produce the merchandise under review during the POR, except where listed below. For a detailed description of all surrogate values used for Baoding Mantong, see Surrogate Values Memo. Raw Materials: To value liquid chlorine, the Department used the values reported for sales turnover of liquid chlorine from the publicly available 2007-2008 financial reports of Kanoria Chemicals & Industries Limited (“Kanoria”), Chemfab Alkalies Ltd. (“Chemfab”), and Tata Chemicals Limited (“Tata”), three chemical companies in India that use and/or produce liquid chlorine. On November 7, 2008, Baoding Mantong submitted the Kanoria financial report and GSC submitted the Chemfab and Tata financial reports. 
                    *See*
                     Surrogate Values Memo. Petitioner and Baoding Mantong both placed data from 
                    *Chemical Weekly*
                     on the record to value acetic acid. As we did in the previous administrative review and consistent with these submissions, the Department has applied a surrogate value for acetic acid using the values submitted by the parties from 
                    *Chemical Weekly. See*
                     Surrogate Values Memo. By-Product: Petitioner and Baoding Mantong both placed data from 
                    *Chemical Weekly*
                     on the record to value hydrochloric acid. Consistent with past practice and these submissions, the Department has applied a surrogate value for hydrochloric acid using the values submitted by the parties from Chemical Weekly. 
                    *See*
                     Surrogate Values Memo. Energy: Baoding Mantong reported the consumption of water, electricity, and coal as energy inputs consumed in the production of glycine. To value water, we calculated the average water rates from various regions as reported by the Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation, http://midcindia.org, dated June 1, 2003, and inflated the value for water to be contemporaneous to the POR. 
                    *See*
                     Surrogate Values Memo. To value electricity, we used price data for small, medium, and large industries, as published by the Central Electricity Authority of the Government of India in its publication titled “Electricity Tariff & Duty and Average Rates of Electricity 
                    ( print page 15937)
                    Supply in India,” dated July 2006. These electricity rates represent actual country-wide, publicly available information on tax-exclusive electricity rates charged to industries in India. Since the rates are not contemporaneous with the POR, we inflated the values using the WPI. 
                    *See*
                     Surrogate Values Memo. To value steam coal, we used the 2004/2005 Tata Energy Research Institute's Energy Data Directory & Yearbook (“TERI Data”). The annual TERI Data publication covers all sales of all types of coal made by Coal India Limited and its subsidiaries, and the prices are exclusive of duties and taxes. Because the value was not contemporaneous with the POR, the Department adjusted the rate for inflation using the WPI. 
                    *See*
                     Surrogate Values Memo. Financial Ratios: To value the surrogate financial ratios for factory overhead, selling, general & administrative expenses, and profit, the Department relied on publicly available information contained in the financial statements for the following two companies: Jupiter Bioscience Limited (“Jupiter”), for fiscal year 2007-2008; and Divi's Laboratories Ltd. (“Divi”), for fiscal year 2007-2008. Both financial statements were submitted by GSC on November 7, 2008. The annual report covers the period April 1, 2007, to March 31, 2008, covering 11 of the 12 months of the POR. We have determined that the financial statements for both Jupiter and Divi are appropriate for use in these preliminary results because both Jupiter and Divi are producers of comparable merchandise and their financial data are largely contemporaneous with the POR. 
                    *See*
                     Surrogate Values Memo. Wage Rate: Because of the variability of wage rates in countries with similar levels of per capita gross national product, 19 CFR 351.408(c)(3) requires the use of a regression-based wage rate. Therefore, to value the labor input, we used the PRC's regression-based wage rate published on Import Administration's website. The source of the wage rate data on the Import Administration's website is the International Labour Organization (“ILO”), Geneva, Labour Statistics Database Chapter 5B: Wages in Manufacturing. 
                    *See*
                     Expected Wages of Selected NME Countries (revised June 23, 2008) (available at http://ia.ita.doc.gov/​wages/​index.html). Since this regression-based wage rate does not separate the labor rates into different skill levels or types of labor, we have applied the same wage rate to all skill levels and types of labor. 
                    *See*
                     also Surrogate Values Memo. Movement Expenses: To value truck freight, we used a per-unit average rate calculated from data on the following website: http://www.infobanc.com/​logistics/​logtruck.htm. The logistics section of this website contains inland freight truck rates between many large India cities. Since the truck rate value is not contemporaneous with the POR, we deflated the rate using WPI. 
                    *See*
                     Surrogate Values Memo. For a comprehensive list of the sources and data used to determine the surrogate vales for the FOPs, by-products, and the surrogate financial ratios for factory overhead, selling, general and administrative expenses, and profit, 
                    *see*
                     Surrogate Values Memo. Currency Conversion We made currency conversions into USD, in accordance with section 773A(a) of the Act, based on the exchange rates in effect on the dates of the U.S. sales, as certified by the Federal Reserve Bank. Preliminary Results of the Review The Department has determined that the following preliminary dumping margins exist for the period March 1, 2007, through February 29, 2008: Glycine from the PRC
Manufacturer/Exporter
Weighted-Average Margin (Percent)Baoding Mantong Fine Chemistry Co., Ltd.
49.12PRC-Wide Rate (which includes Nantong Dongchang Chemical Industry Corporation)
155.89
 The Department will disclose calculations performed for these preliminary results to the parties within five days of the date of publication of this notice in accordance with 19 CFR 351.224(b). Interested parties may submit case briefs and/or written comments no later than 30 days after the date of publication of these preliminary results of review. 
                    *See*19 CFR 351.309(c)(1)(ii). Rebuttal briefs and rebuttals to written comments, limited to issues raised in such briefs or comments, may be filed no later than five days after the time limit for filing the case briefs. 
                    *See*19 CFR 351.309(d). Parties who submit argument in this proceeding are requested to submit with the argument: 1) a statement of the issue, 2) a brief summary of the argument, and 3) a table of authorities. 
                    *See*19 CFR 351.309(c)(2). Executive summaries should be limited to five pages total, including footnotes. Further, we request that parties submitting briefs and rebuttal briefs provide the Department with a copy of the public version of such briefs on diskette. An interested party may request a hearing within 30 days of publication of these preliminary results. See 19 CFR 351.310(c). Requests should contain the following information: (1) the party's name, address, and telephone number; (2) the number of participants; and (3) a list of the issues to be discussed. Oral presentations will be limited to issues raised in the briefs. If we receive a request for a hearing, we intend to hold the hearing seven days after the deadline for submission of the rebuttal briefs at the U.S. Department of Commerce, 14th Street and Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20230. The Department intends to issue the final results of this administrative review, which will include the results of its analysis of issues raised in any such comments, within 120 days of publication of these preliminary results, pursuant to section 751(a)(3)(A) of the Act. Assessment Rates Upon issuance of the final results, the Department will determine, and CBP shall assess, antidumping duties on all appropriate entries. The Department intends to issue assessment instructions to CBP 15 days after the date of publication of the final results of review. If these preliminary results are adopted in our final results of review, the Department shall determine, and CBP shall assess, antidumping duties on all appropriate entries. Pursuant to 19 CFR 351.212(b)(1), we will calculate importer-specific (or customer) 
                    *ad valorem*
                     duty assessment rates based on the ratio of the total amount of the dumping margins calculated for the examined sales to the total entered value of those same sales, where appropriate. We will instruct CBP to assess antidumping duties on all appropriate entries covered by this review if any importer-specific assessment rate calculated in the final results of this review is above 
                    *de minimis*. Cash Deposit Requirements Further, the following cash deposit requirements will be effective upon publication of the final results of the administrative review for shipments of the subject merchandise entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after the publication date of the final results, as provided by 
                    ( print page 15938)
                    section 751(a)(2)(C) of the Act: (1) for subject merchandise exported by Baoding Mantong, the cash deposit rate will be that established in the final results of review; (2) for previously reviewed or investigated companies not listed above that have separate rates, the cash deposit rate will continue to be the company specific rate published for the most recent period; (3) for all other PRC exporters of subject merchandise (including Nantong Dongchang), which have not been found to be entitled to a separate rate, the cash deposit rate will be the PRC wide rate of 155.89 percent; (4) for all non-PRC exporters of subject merchandise, the cash deposit rate will be the rate applicable to the PRC exporter that supplied that non-PRC exporter. These deposit requirements, when imposed, shall remain in effect until publication of the final results of the next administrative review. Notification to Importers This notice also serves as a preliminary reminder to importers of their responsibility under 19 CFR 351.402(f)(2) to file a certificate regarding the reimbursement of antidumping duties prior to liquidation of the relevant entries during this review period. Failure to comply with this requirement could result in the Secretary's presumption that reimbursement of antidumping duties occurred and the subsequent assessment of double antidumping duties. This administrative review and this notice are in accordance with sections 751(a)(1) and 777(i) of the Act, 19 CFR 351.213, and 19 CFR 351.221(b)(4). Dated: March 31, 2009. Ronald K. Lorentzen, Acting Assistant Secretary  for Import Administration.


# Footnotes

1.
    
                         In accordance with 19 CFR 351.301(c)(1), for the final results of this administrative review, interested parties may submit factual information to rebut, clarify, or correct factual information submitted by an interested party less than 10 days before, on, or after, the applicable deadline for submission of such factual information. However, the Department notes that 19 CFR 351.301(c)(1) permits new information only insofar as it rebuts, clarifies, or corrects information placed on the record. The Department generally will not accept the submission of additional, previously absent-from-the-record alternative surrogate value information pursuant to 19 CFR 351.301(c)(1). 
                        *See Glycine from the People's Republic of China: Final Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review and Final Rescission, in Part*, 72 FR 58809 (October 17, 2007) and accompanying Issues and Decision Memorandum at Comment 2. Back to Citation


[FR Doc. E9-7986 Filed 4-7-09; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE: 3510-DS-S