L._ L- c.__: c.._: .....__ 

Safe battery handling and charging 

•Lithium Polymer batteries are volatile. 

• Use a Lipo Specific charger 

• Never charge batteries unattended 

• Charge in isolated area, away from other flammables 

• If batteries balloon or swell, discontinue charging and monitor 

• Do not short wire leads 

• Do not discharge battery to level below 3V per cell 

http://www.towerhobbies.com/help/ama lipo/ 
[__ t__ [...__ t__: ..___ ........__ ___.,J ___.,..J --.J 

DJI Naza Software Basic configurati

Basic 

Uoonting 

GPS Localioo 

X Oan 

Y Oan 

z Oan 

Gain 

Pilch 

Basic 

-

_, ~- Cllannel-or 

Aircraft 

Miler Type: NONE 

IIC 

ReceillerType: NONE 

Ral Ya Yelllcal 

1oc;;.;·: 100'11. r ····-- ,1001Jt l 

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.,.. ................... CD ._. .... ...... .... ..... CD 

.... ......... 1 ......... CD ~ ,,,,,, .. ,1 .... ..... _ CD 

.,.. ......... , ......... CD 

Advanced 

llotor 

llotorkleSpeed: 

CUIOIType: 

FIS 

Failsafe llelloOs: 

IOC 

NONE 

NONE 

lnlelligeniOIIef1tllion CCXinll: 

-

Gimbal Swik:h: 

Battery 

CUm!niYDIIage: 

Cm'ent Capadly. ~ Balety LIMII: 

Dilicll Salary l..e\lel: 

NONE 

NONE 

NONE 

NONE 

NONE 

NONE 

NONE 
L_ [...__ L_ L_ ......_ ......__ ......_ -- ---

Tuning the Naza Autopilot 

.. Gain .. is a type of adjustment you can make to the flight controller. Essentially, a 

tells the FC to correct perceived errors in speed and position at a faster and more 

rate. Lower gains tell it to be slower and lighter on the trigger when making corre

If your gains are .. too high .. the FC gets ahead of itself and over-corrects small err

unstable wobbling. If your gains are .. too low .. it doesn't correct enough, and the 

and move around inconsistently. Well-tuned gains keep the copter in line and we

without over or under-correcting. 

Gain ---

Pitdl Rol Yaw Vertical 

-

Basic 170% [HI • ] 170% [r--Hi-•--..] 125% I Nl .... ] 125% I HI • ] 

Alfitude 135% [ INH •J 135% [Hi • ] 
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[.._ t_ - '-- ----- ----

Tuning an Autopilot- PID 

P- proportional 

P provides a proportional amount of corrective force based upon the angle of error from desire

larger the deviation, the larger the corrective force. 

A higher P value will create a stronger force to return to desired position. 

If the P value is too high, on the return to initial position it will overshoot and then opposite fo

compensate. This creates an oscillating effect until stabi(ity is eventually reached or in severe c

becomes amplified and the multirotor becomes completely destabilized. 

Increasing value for P: 

It will become more solid/stable until Pis too high where it starts to oscillate and loose contro

You will notice a very strong resistive force to any attempts to move the Multi Rotor 

Decreasing value for P: 

It will start to drift in control until P !s too low when it becomes very unstable. 

Will be less resistive to any attempts to change orientation 

Aerobatic flight: Requires a slightly higher P Gentle smooth flight: requires a slightly lower P 
L._ L._ [..._ L.: ---..J 

Tuning an Autopilot- PID, cont. 

I- Integral 

I provides a variable amount of corrective force based upon the angle of error from d

The larger the deviation and I or the longer the deviation exists, the larger the correc

limited to prevent becoming excessively high. 

A higher I will increase the heading hold capability. 

Increasing value for 1: 

Increase the ability to hold overall position, reduce drift due to unbalanced frames et

Decreasing value for 1: · 

Will improve reaction to changes, but increase drift and reduce ability to hold positio

Aerobatic flight: 

Gentle smooth flight: 

AP: Requires a slightly lower I to minimise wobbles I jitter. 
[___ L_ ~ L__ (_ ~- .__ ___. 

Tuning an Autopilot- PID, cont. 

D- this moderates the speed at which the Multi Rotor is returned to its original positio

A lower D will mean the Multi Rotor will snap back to its initial position very quickly 

Increasing value forD: 

Dampens changes. Slower to react to fast changes. 

Decreasing value forD: 

Less dampening to changes. Reacts faster to changes . 

Aerobatic flight: Lower D 

Gentle smooth flight: Increase D. 
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Weather Checks 

•Check weather forecast for surround areas. 

•Be mindful of wind speeds and directions. 

•Websites or Apps: 

• Weatherchannel.com 

• Yahoo Weather 

• National Weather Service (NOAA) 

__.. __.. 
[___ t__ L.....: c..__: '--- .....__ 

Pre Flight Checklist 

•Check aircraft and transmitter battery voltage 

•Check aircraft CG 

•Visually check for anything loose and all electronics secured 

•Range test- check transmitter controls . 

•Test camera, and verify video/OSD signal 

•If planning a automated route, verify altitudes, speeds, etc. 

•Start recording on camera 

..._.. 
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EXHIBIT I-2 

UAV Technology, October 2014 
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Runs Ground Station planning 

software 

-

o Dji PC Ground Station 

http://www.dji.com/products 

o Mission Planner 

http://planner.ardupilot.com/ 

o DroidPianner2 

https://play.google.com/store/apps/deta 

ils?id=org.droidplanner&hl=en 

o Other hardware specific software 

.__ _____. 

Mis

DJI- Sales P

1. Friendly 

2. Joystick c

3. Single wa

4. Waypoin

5. Flight rou

6. Editable 

7. One key 

8. Flight sim

9. Customiz

10. Accurat

11. Three m

12. Voice g

13. Real-tim

14. Routes 

15. Chinese 

16. Cloud S
[_ [..__ (__ ..._ --

Tablet 

Quick planning 

Requires Data link to the Quad 

Requires Network Access 

Some Allow "follow me" 

o DroidPianner2 

https://play.google.com/store/apps/ rlPt;~ilc; ?irl=nrP .rlrnirl nl;~ n nPrR. h I=Pn 

- ___. ___. 

AndrODilot 
L._ [..__ ~ c_: --

Telemetry Radio 

Blue Tooth (4) 433MHz 900MHZ 2.4GHz 

Range (Maximum) 60 Feet >8Km >lOKm >l.SKm 

Range (Typical) 30 Feet l.SKm l.SKm lKm 

Typical power lmW lOOmW lOOmW I lW lOOmW 

Data Rate (typical) llSKB/s 56KB/s 56KB/s llKB/s 

Data Rete (Max) 20MB/s 256KB/s 256KB/s l.SMB/s 

Programming Routes yes yes yes yes 

Real Time Telemetry- flight logging no yes yes yes 

PC Control of Flight no yes yes yes 

All commonly available telemetry systems frequency hop and 

thus can operate with multiple systems simultaneously without 

interference 

Directional antennas greatly improve data link range and 

reliability 

--J ~ 
L._ L._ t..._:. t__: --

Video receiver 

Receivers are typically band specific 

o (900 MHz, 1.2 GHz, 2.3- 2.4GHz, 5.8 GHz) 

Typically one or two users per band (poor receiver selectivity) 

SAW filter (Standing Acoustic Wave) can improve selectivity which 

is the ability to ignore adjacent signals 

Sensitivity- (look for as "big" a negative number as you can find) 

o Comparing a receiver with -90dBm vs one with -lOOdBm ... the -lOOdBm 

will usable range. 

·Video Standards:- matters because the monitor you buy will be NTSC in the USA. . 

o NTSC- North America standard (National Television System Committee) 

o PAL- European standard (Phase Alternate Line) 

o Your camera must output NTSC for the picture to look right on your video monitor 

o OSD will need to be set to NTSC 

o Video transmitter doesn't care if the signal is NTSC, PAL, SECAM etc. 

Look for a monitor that will not Blue Screen if there is static 

-J __.; 

• M.

C no 

Television encocing systems by 

NTSC system are shown in gree

7-10 inch · 
[.._" [___ t__ ....___ ......_ ---

___. 

Goggles? 

+ lmmersive experience 

+Smallest video solution- receiver (1.3 and 5.8GHz) and DVR can be built in. 

+Head position can control a gimbal (Head Tracker) 

-Transition from goggles to LOS more difficult than a monitor 

-Single user 

--.J 

-Lower resolution than a monitor- VGA or SVGA (unless you buy something like an O

- Hot in the Sun 

-Can be blinding when you take the goggles off in the direct sun 

-Have a buddy nearby if you use goggles ... (maintains situational awareness around y

(unless you are perfectly "average" ... get a set with variable IPD (inter Pupillary Distan

(Nearsighted?- make sure you can put diopters (exactly like reading glasses) in the se
L_ L_ ..._ __ -- .......__ -

DVR 

Playback of OSD will help you build situational awareness ... things will have happ

flight that you didn't notice at the time. 

o Video capture by your PC works o Separate DVR is usually a simpler solution o Recording the video is the best tool for knowing where your Quad went down. 

o Ideally your OSD will show latitude _and longitude in real time. 

o Key the !at/long into google maps in your smart phone and you can walk right to your quad if it goes down un
t._ t.._: L....: t..._ t__: ....___ 

Tracker 

Points high gain (AKA directional) antennas 

at your quad to improve range. 

Automatically adjusts as the quad moves 

o Works by getting the lat/long & altitude from 

the quad and compares it to the starting 

lat/long and calculates where to point the 

antenna. 

o Transmits data over audio channel (of VTX) or 

in first two lines of the video signal 

Behavior when there is signal loss (or static) 

is key ... if the bad data from your quad 

causes the tracker to radically move the 

antenna the tracker can be worse than no 

tracker at all 

' 

---

---' 

. 

I AAT f),,,,,_., ,., 

--······--

(My-Fly Dream tracker above) 

, 

• The OSD sends lat/long from the quad

• The tracker calculates direction and m

• The VTX receiver rides on the tracker b

rotates more than 360 degrees- con
t_ t_ ~ L.....: L_: --

...____ 

Power 

Large 3s Lipo batteries (5000 mAh and up) 

Car battery 

12V deep cycle 

With any battery solution, monitor the supply voltage -~ Do not use an inverter to power 110v items in your ground station ... 

draws too much current (in 30 minutes your car may not start) and is 

electrically noisy. 
[__ (___ L......: L_ -- .___., __. 

Ground Station Summary 

Start simple, small light solutions are MUCH more reliable than complex ones. 

Do 

o Record your video 

o Monitor your pack voltages o Use a video monitor to start with to build flight experience 

Don't 

o Use an antenna tracker until you have significant experience 

o Use a setup that takes many trips to carry from your car 
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Basic Flight Rules 

There is responsibility when flying ... you are liable for things you hit so thinking ab

could go wrong at each stage of the flight can help you be prepared for the unexp

If something on your quad is not working right on the ground ... it wil l get worse in 

before you fly it. 

Don't fly over groups of people. 

Use a spotter to watch for other aircraft and deal with anyone who approaches y

are flying ... It's fun to do this with a friend anyway. 

Take baby steps- slowly build up your distance, flight time, and flight maneuver c

easy to get in over your head. 
[...__ t_: t_ t_ "-- ..___ 

____. 

--

What Could Go Wrong 

Loss of GPS- There is no direction home on your OSD and no Return to Launch 

o (know the landmarks around where you are flying ... its easy to get disoriented flying FPV in new areas) 

Loss of video link- If you fly behind trees or buildings the video will fade ... low receiver or trans

batteries reduce range ... (are you standing in front of the antenna?) a person can greatly block a 

signal. 

o Climb (stop moving forward) ... getting above the building or trees will restore the video 

o Because you set the RTH altitude in your quad to be above any buildings or other obstacles ... engage RTH 

will climb to its safe altitude and fly home 

Loss of control link- as long as you waited for GPS lock before taking off, the quad will fly home 

where it took off. 

Disoriented pilot- Use RTH or home lock to bring the quad home 

Dead battery- The quad will either land or try to return home (depending on configuration) ... fl

should have prevented this ... but this is also why the DVR is running so we have a record of exac

quad is. 

Prop, esc, motor or other failure- That's why we have the DVR running so we can find it ... © 
[._ t_ (__ t_ ..___ - .---..J __.. _...... 

Checklist Day Before Flight 

Check CG with all equipment installed 

Batteries charged in all equipment (Radio, Camera, Laptop, Ground Station, etc.} 

Preload Google Maps (for offline use} surrounding area on your PC (many miles w

Plan takeoff, landing and alternate locations (where will you go to avoid people o

unexpected obstacles} 

Know where any no-fly areas are 

Memory cards formatted (lots of space for recording OSD video and HD video} 

Weather forecast (>15m ph is no-go for many Quads} 
[._ [._ t_ t_ 

Checklist Day of Flight 

Walk the flight area to look for any obstacles 

o Determine bailout locations incase of unexpected problems 

Determine the flight path and ensure and flight time 

o Consider sun position (quad shadow on your subject is generally bad) 

Check all Ground Station cabling 

Start the ground station 

Turn your receivers on first (before transmitters) to listen for interference 

Power on the Quad 

o Turn on the camera o Start the DVR 

o Wait for GPS lock (>6 satellites minimum) o Start your timer 

With G PS lock 

o Confirm battery ok, o Confirm camera is recording 

Fly! 

__. - ---' 
[_ [_ t_ c.__: '-- ....._ 

RAILROADS 

~ 1D11i MtJJip1L TNCh 

ROADS 

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Dii!WJ Hiti-J~ 

POPUlATED PlAC£5 

B.ilt ... Amu 

rBOUNDARIES 

brtn1111tim1J 

POWER 

TRANSMISSION UNES 

PROMINENT PICTORIALS 

lANDMARKS 

CULTURE 

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[._ (_ ......_ ....,__ --- - ____.,J 

Definitions 

Controlled airspace 

Controlled airspace describes airspace which such traffic levels that air traffic control (ATC) must provide some form of sep

aircraft. 

All operations·must be conducted under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) or Special visual flight rules (SVFR) 

ATC clearance. All flights are separated from each other by ATC. This airspace ranges from 18,000 to FL60

Class A this airspace must be under instrument flight rules and are subject to air traffic control clearances and in

must file and fly an IFR flight plan). At altitudes between FL180 and FL450, jet routes and high routes wil

Class A airspace. 

Operations may be conducted under IFR, SVFR, or Visual flight rules (VFR). All aircraft are subject to ATC 

Class B are separated from each other by ATC. The rules for this airspace have changed slightly. Pilots must main

with three miles visibility. Pilots must be "cleared" to enter class B airspace, have two-way radio commu

transponders. 

Operations may be conducted under IFR, SVFR, or VFR. All flights are subject to ATC clearance. Aircraft o

and SVFR are separated from each other and from flights operating under VFR. Flights operating under V

Class C information in respect of other VFR flights. There were no changes made to the operating and equipmen

C airspace. Cloud requirements are 500' below, 1000' above, and 2000' horizontal. Visibility is 3 miles. P

way radio communication and mode C transponders to enter class C airspace. 
[_ [..__ (_ L._ - - -.; -

Definitions 

Controlled airspace 

Controlled airspace describes airspace which such traffic levels that air traffic control (ATC) must provide some form of sepa

aircraft. 

Operations may be conducted under IFR, SVFR, or VFR. All flights are subject to ATC clearance. Aircraft operating 

are separated from each other, and are given traffic information in respect of VFR flights. Flights operating under 

information in respect of all other flights. These are control zones (CZ) with operating control towers and airport 

Class D segmented blue line depicts class D airspace on sectional and world aeronautical charts. The ceiling of Class D ai

(charted in MSL), and the lateral dimensions are dependent upon the instrument approaches at that airport. Tw

communication is required. Cloud and visibility clearance is 3 miles, with 500' below, 1000' above, and 2000' hor

have two-way radio communication to enter class D airspace. 

Operations may be conducted under IFR, SVFR, or VFR. Aircraft operating under IFR and SVFR are separated from 

subject to ATC clearance. Flights under VFR are not subject to ATC clearance. As far as is practical, traffic informa

flights in respect of VFR flights. This airspace includes all federal airways, continental control areas, control area 

Class E zones at airports without control towers, transition areas, and area low routes. On the sectional charts, Class E a

airports without control towers is depicted with a segmented magenta line. The floor of the Class E airspace is 7

1500 AGL, or 14,500 AGL, whichever applies. Cloud and visibility clearances are 3 miles, with 500' below, 1000' a

horizontal. 
[..__ L- t_ t_ '--- ..___ ____. ___. ___. 

Definitions 

Uncontrolled airspace 

Uncontrolled airspace describes airspace where an Air Traffic Control (ATC) service is not deemed necessary or cannot be provided 

Operations may be conducted under IFR or VFR. ATC separation will be provided, so far as practical, to aircraft op

Class F Traffic Information may be given as far as is practical in respect of other flights. Operations may be conducted und

separation will be provided, so far as practical, to aircraft operating under I FR. Traffic Information may be given as 

respect of other flights . 

. 

Operations may be conducted under IFR or VFR. ATC separation is not provided. Traffic Information may be given 

Class G respect of other flights. The vertical limits for t his airspace are 700 AGL, 1200 AGL, 1500 AGL, or 14,500 MSL, whi

and visibility clearances are 1 mile and clear of clouds. 
[_ t_: t__ ---...;- .._-J __.... 

Class E & G Airspace 

Class E Airspace exists at 1200' AGL unless designated otherwise. The lateral and 

of all Class E, (up to, but not including 18,000'} are shown by narrow bands of vig

Section a Is and TACs Controlled airspace floors of 700' above the ground are defin

magenta vignette; floors other than 700' that laterally abuts uncontrolled airspac

defined by a blue vignette; differing floors greater than 700' above the ground ar

a symbol and a number indicating the floor 

CLASS E SURfAa 

(SFC) AIRSPACE 

, _________ 

I ' I \ 

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CLASS D AIRSPACE r ___ , .. --...... 

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indicate t.A 

IN ltUhiDREDS OF FEETMSI. 
L__ L- L: t_ ~ - --" ~ ___, ----" 
t__ L- c.__ 

Atlanta 

VFR Chart 

L- ..._ - ......___ -..- --.1 --..J 
t._ t._ 

..... 

FAA & Regulation 

Pirker case- FAA Ban on commercial use of UAV's overturned. 

o FAA appealed. 
EXHIBIT I-3 

Aerial Photography 
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[_ [__ (_ L..: _ ____,__.,___, 

Topics 

Topics Covered 

• Camera Selection • Gimbal 

• Plan the Shoot 

• Camera Settings 

• Lighting 

• Effective Camera angles 

• Post Image work 
[_ L_. 

..___. 

'---- "---- --- - --- ---.J _____, 

Camera Selection 

• Camera Selection dependent on Airframe/Project/Cost 

• GoPro = 350/SSOmm size frame 

• Mirrorless • DSRL • Others Cameras 

680mm + size frames 

800mm + size frames 
L._ L_ t__· t__ '-- '-- -- -- - - - --- ___, ....J ---...1 

Camera Selection, cont. _ 

• GoPro 350/55om·m size frame 

• Features up to 4K30, 2.7K50 and 1080p120 video, 12MP p

30 frames per second, built-in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth®, and 

for photos and video. Waterproof to 131' (40m). 

• $500 or less for various models 

• Major UAV vendors design gim.bals around the GoPro 
t_ t_: L._ L....: 

.....__ .........._ 

---- -

___, ___, _......, ____, 

Camera Selection, cont. 

• Mirrorless 680mm + size frames 

• Major Manufactures- Canon, Leica, Panasonic, Samsung, 

• Mirrorless cameras can provide a cheaper, smaller packag

image quality and shooting flexibility that can rival their o

• OJ I Innovation and others offer gimbals for select Mirrorle
t_ t._: t_ L...: ......__ "--"'- -.......- ---- __......._, ____, ___, --.J --J 

Camera Selection, cont. 

• DSRL 800mm + size frames • A digital single-lens reflex camera combines the optics and 

mechanisms of a single-lens reflex camera with a digital im

sensor. 

• DJI Innovation and others offer gimbals for DSRL Cameras 
t_ c._: t__ t_: -- ......__ - .........._ - -- ___, ._._,., --...1 

Camera Selection, cont. 

• Other Cameras 

• Mobius • Sony Action Cam 

• CCD (charge-coupled device) and CMOS (complementary metal

semiconductor) 

•Servo based gimbals 
L,_L,_c___:t__:.__'--..__.__ __ 

-- - ___..J 

Gimbal 

•The Gimbal does the following: 

• Isolates vibration to eliminate ,;jello" in the video 

• Stabilizes the camera in pitch and roll (sometimes yaw) for st

(a quad is always moving) 

• Provides smooth pitch, vaw. and roll on demand from the op
L_ t_ ..__ .....__ -.....-. ....___ - ....J -J 

Gimbal 

•ALL video shot commercially from a multi-rotor uses a 

gimbal (either 2D or 3D) 

• There are dozens (hundreds?) of gimbals that work with Go'-

• Zen muse (DJI captive brand) integrates with phantom flight c

. 

• Tarot most popular non-captive gimbal 

•Gotch a's 

• Gimbals are designed for an exact camera weight ... removing 

camera battery or adjusting lens can cause the gimbal to fai

require re-balance of gimbal. 
(___ (__ (.__ "-- ......._ ----- "--- --

____., 

--.J 

Plan the Shoot 

• Scout your locations 

• If needed, obtain "Approvals" prior to fl ight 

• Watch Weather Forecast 

• Safety 

• Line of Sight 

• Identify Obstacles 

• Crowds 

• Congested Areas 

• Nearby Airports 

• High Tension I Power Lines 

• Spotter Recommended 
(..__ t_: ..___ ........._ ......__ ---- -....- ----...,11 .,_._,.., 

Plan the Shoot, cont. 

• Walk the location if possible 

• Determine Route, Altitudes, Angles, Obstacles, etc. • If not possible, discuss with spotter to determine route, and 

possible obstacles. 

•· Evaluate required flight times for shots 

• Batteries on Hand • Portable charging station for batteries 

• Educate participants, or bystanders 
L._ t...__ (.___; "--- --- - - -- _ _.. 

Camera Settings 

• Desired Quality 

• so 

• HD 

• Frame rates 

• 30fps industry staf)dard 

• Faster frame rates to slow action down 

• Slower frame rates to speed action up 

• Resolution to Minimize Editing 

• Field of View 

• Narrow 

• Medium 

• Wide 

-- --J 
(._ L- '---- c.__: ...,.___- ____. - --J 

·Lighting 

• Outdoor Locations 

• Sunlight 

• Drone's shadow in picture 

• Lens Flare, or glare 

• Propeller shadow = Rolling shutter effect 

• Shadows 

• Time of Day 

• Dark 

• Low Light settings on Camera 

• Ambient light 

• Indoor locations 

• Adequate Lighting 

• Other issues with indoor shots 

• May not have GPS 
c....:_ [._ t__ L- --- _____ ____ __,_____.---....J 

Effective Camera angles 

• Subject Matter 

• Sunlight I Shadows 

• Effect trying to capture 

• Overhead • Panning 

• Fly in I out 

• Angle to Minimize Editing 
L._ L_ ..__ ..__ -....-.- ......,._ ---- __... 

Post I mage Work 

• Upload or Edit?? 

• Intended Audience 

• Intended results 

• Image I Video editing Software 

• Adobe Premiere Pro 

• Adobe Lightroom • Apple iMovie 

• Window Media Maker • GoPro Studio Software 

• Others 
L._ (..._ L..: -- - ...J 

Post Image Work, cont. 

• Edit to tell a Story 

• Arrange Clips 

• Cut non essential footage {take off I landing, flying to posit

• Remove Prop I engine sounds 

• Add Soundtracks or sound clips 

• Add Title or Credits 

• Licensing 

• Copyrights • Permissions 

• Attribution 
C- [._ t_ .._ -- ---J 

Post I mage Work, cont. 

• Music and Sound Clips 

• www. FreeM usicArch ive .com 

• www.Soundcloud.com 

• www.Amazon.com 

• www.Jamendo.com 

• www.FreeSound.com • www.Soundbible.com 

• www.AudioMicro.com 

• Sound Matters and Mistakes 

• Example Video 
[._ ...._ __ ,___ --.J __ _. --.j 

Post I mage Work, cont. 

• Upload and Share 

• YouTube.com 

• YouTube allows billions of people to discover, watch and share origina

videos. 

• You Tube adjusts the quality of your video stream from standard defin

240p or 360p) to high definition (720p or 1080p), based on the speed 

connection. 

• Free Account 

• Vimeo.com 

• Vim eo was founded by a group of filmmakers who wanted to share th

and personal moments from their lives. 

• HD Video palyback 

• No Ads 

• Basic Free Account 

• Burn to DVD or Disk