# L n 6--a rd s for Nove m 

# !:,2 r 1 , 2000 L a nce G c 

## Osik Ridge National Laboi,,,;7^' ^wy
OAK RID GE NATioNAL G TORY U. S. D EP

AR TMENT OF ENERGY UT-BATTELLE 1

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OAK RIDGE ATI TG Y U. S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY UT-BATTELLE 2311^11d9-± l A32I Ng d ® 1N L L d °S -fl


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### Less detailed

information 'is needed

OAK RID GE NA

T IONAL LAB O RA

T OR Y U. S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY 

### Difficult to independently VCr accuracy of 'Information

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### Uncertaint w,f 

### about the costs of 0 

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UT-BATTELLE

## Advantages

Leads to better understand i 

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### cal and cost aspects

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### Leads to consensus in manufacturing cos . i estimates

OAK RID GE NATi oNAL TG Y U. S. D EPARTMENT OF ENERGY 

### may be less cost efficient than manufacturers cou develop 

## Disadvantages Requires much detailed

. 

### information from manufacturers Department must model efficiency

. 

### improvements Design combinations

UT-BATTELLE

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## Jvantages

OAK RID G E 

### NATI 

### O N

### AL TORY U. S. D EP

ARTMENT O F ENERGY UT-BATTELLE 6

# • Cost assessment

L u^. m ost cost ly 

# Cc^zign oplons approac in costand rigor

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### w^afilor^ a O A K RID GE NA

T ioNAL LAB O RA

TO RY U. S. D EPARTMENT O F EN ERGY ( ' u

UT-BATTELLE 7

## Transformers have load and ii 7! ii L ,9' 

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## so that load and no-loao^ TransfeFL,mer design can Lh(,:^

OAK RID GE NATioNAL LAB O RA T O RY U. S. D EP

ARTMENT OF ENERGY 

## (v I n- 

## i prove

UT-BATTELLE

825 WA Transformer Designs that Achieve 98 . 8 % Efficiency Different 99%

95% 1` 0.05 0. 0.35 ® -- 0.65 0.2 0.35 0.5 0.65 0.8 RMS Average L o a d as a Fracti o n C a p acity OAK RIDGE ATIO TORY U. S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY UT-BATTELLE 93,000

2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0.05 0.20 0.35 0.5 0.65



### RMS Average Load as a Fraction of Capacity OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY U. S. D EP

ARTM ENT OF ENERGY 0.8

UT-BATTELLE

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### - More labor intensive More labor intensive winding construction core assembly

O A K RID GE NATIONAL LABORA TORY U. S. D EP

AR TMENT OF ENERGY UT-BATTELLE 11zd ADUHN21 dO 9 .I, dH -S -fl

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ARTMENT O F ENERGY UT-BATTELLE 13

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OAK RIDGE NATioNAL TG Y U. S. D EP

ARTMENT OF ENERGY 

# ^v ed to be loa ded di

UT-BATTELLE 14.



### tra nsf o rmer c h aracter i stics (capacity, no. phases, etc.) !%fie s 1 

### nonvoltage tran s form e rs ut i l i ty applicat i on s Loading d i ffe ren ce s , i any , between h i gh pr i mary vol ta g e transfo r mers 0 0 

### 0 Low voltage loa di ng tL' App lica t i ons load i ng of single phase LV transformers Frequency and causes of LV transformer .

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### lure 

## Informat i 

## on °i fo r a l l appl i cat i ons or specl OAK RIDG E AI`I® T U . S. D EPAR

TMENT OF ENERGY S

UT-B,ATfELLE 15