# Patent

## Title
Therapeutic agents useful for treating pain

## Abstract

A compound of formula:




where Ar1, Ar2, X, R3, and m are as disclosed herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (a “Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound”); compositions comprising an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound; and methods for treating or preventing pain, UI, an ulcer, IBD, IBS, an addictive disorder, Parkinson's disease, parkinsonism, anxiety, epilepsy, stroke, a seizure, a pruritic condition, psychosis, a cognitive disorder, a memory deficit, restricted brain function, Huntington's chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, dementia, retinopathy, a muscle spasm, a migraine, vomiting, dyskinesia, or depression in an animal comprising administering to an animal in need thereof an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound are disclosed herein.

## Background
This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional application No. 60/489,516, filed Jul. 24, 2003, and International patent application no. PCT/US2004/023914, filed Jul. 23, 2004, the disclosure of each application being incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.


REFERENCE TO SEQUENCE LISTING SUBMITTED ELECTRONICALLY
The content of the electronically submitted Sequence Listing (Name: 1861_2210005_SEQLISTING_ascii.txt; Size: 836 bytes; and Date of Creation: Mar. 6, 2014) filed herewith is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds, compositions comprising an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound and methods for treating or preventing a condition such as pain comprising administering to an animal in need thereof an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound.
2. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Pain is the most common symptom for which patients seek medical advice and treatment. Pain can be acute or chronic. While acute pain is usually self-limited, chronic pain persists for 3 months or longer and can lead to significant changes in a patient's personality, lifestyle, functional ability and overall quality of life (K. M. Foley, Pain, in Cecil Textbook of Medicine 100-107 (J. C. Bennett and F. Plum eds., 20th ed. 1996)).
Moreover, chronic pain can be classified as either nociceptive or neuropathic. Nociceptive pain includes tissue injury-induced pain and inflammatory pain such as that associated with arthritis. Neuropathic pain is caused by damage to the peripheral or central nervous system and is maintained by aberrant somatosensory processing. There is a large body of evidence relating activity at both Group I mGluRs (mGluR1 and mGluR5) (M. E. Fundytus, CNS Drugs 15:29-58 (2001)) and vanilloid receptors (VR1) (V. Di Marzo et al., Current Opinion in Neurobiology 12:372-379 (2002)) to pain processing. Inhibiting mGluR1 or mGluR5 reduces pain, as shown by in vivo treatment with antibodies selective for either mGluR1 or mGluR5, where neuropathic pain in rats was attenuated (M. E. Fundytus et al., NeuroReport 9:731-735 (1998)). It has also been shown that antisense oligonucleotide knockdown of mGluR1 alleviates both neuropathic and inflammatory pain (M. E. Fundytus et al., British Journal of Pharmacology 132:354-367 (2001); M. E. Fundytus et al., Pharmacology, Biochemsitry & Behavior 73:401-410 (2002)). Small molecule antagonists for mGluR5-attenuated pain in in vivo animal models are disclosed in, e.g., K. Walker et al., Neuropharmacology 40:1-9 (2000) and A. Dogrul et al., Neuroscience Letters 292:115-118 (2000)).
Nociceptive pain has been traditionally managed by administering non-opioid analgesics, such as acetylsalicylic acid, choline magnesium trisalicylate, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, fenoprofen, diflusinal, and naproxen; or opioid analgesics, including morphine, hydromorphone, methadone, levorphanol, fentanyl, oxycodone, and oxymorphone. Id. In addition to the above-listed treatments, neuropathic pain, which can be difficult to treat, has also been treated with anti-epileptics (e.g. gabapentin, carbamazepine, valproic acid, topiramate, phenyloin), NMDA antagonists (e.g. ketamine, dextromethorphan), topical lidocaine (for post-herpetic neuralgia), and tricyclic antidepressants (e.g. fluoxetine, sertraline and amitriptyline).
Pain has been traditionally managed by administering non-opioid analgesics, such as acetylsalicylic acid, choline magnesium trisalicylate, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, fenoprofen, diflusinal, and naproxen; or opioid analgesics, including morphine, hydromorphone, methadone, levorphanol, fentanyl, oxycodone, and oxymorphone. Id.
Urinary incontinence (“UI”) is uncontrollable urination, generally caused by bladder-detrusor-muscle instability. UI affects people of all ages and levels of physical health, both in health care settings and in the community at large. Physiologic bladder contraction results in large part from acetylcholine-induced stimulation of post-ganglionic muscarinic-receptor sites on bladder smooth muscle. Treatments for UI include the administration of drugs having bladder-relaxant properties, which help to control bladder-detrusor-muscle overactivity. For example, anticholinergics such as propantheline bromide and glycopyrrolate, and combinations of smooth-muscle relaxants such as a combination of racemic oxybutynin and dicyclomine or an anticholinergic, have been used to treat UI (See, e.g., A. J. Wein, Urol. Clin. N. Am. 22:557-577 (1995); Levin et al., J. Urol. 128:396-398 (1982); Cooke et al., S. Afr. Med. J. 63:3 (1983); R. K. Mirakhur et al., Anaesthesia 38:1195-1204 (1983)). These drugs are not effective, however, in all patients having uninhibited bladder contractions. Administration of anticholinergic medications represent the mainstay of this type of treatment.
None of the existing commercial drug treatments for UI has achieved complete success in all classes of UI patients, nor has treatment occurred without significant adverse side effects. For example, drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, headaches, tachycardia, and cardiac arrhythmia, which are related to the anticholinergic activity of traditional anti-UI drugs, can occur frequently and adversely affect patient compliance. Yet despite the prevalence of unwanted anticholinergic effects in many patients, anticholinergic drugs are currently prescribed for patients having UI. The Merck Manual of Medical Information 631-634 (R. Berkow ed., 1997).
Ulcers are sores occurring where the lining of the digestive tract has been eroded by stomach acids or digestive juices. The sores are typically well-defined round or oval lesions primarily occurring in the stomach and duodenum. About 1 in 10 people develop an ulcer. Ulcers develop as a result of an imbalance between acid-secretory factors, also known as “aggressive factors,” such as stomach acid, pepsin, and Helicobacter pylori infection, and local mucosal-protective factors, such as secretion of bicarbonate, mucus, and prostaglandins.
Treatment of ulcers typically involves reducing or inhibiting the aggressive factors. For example, antacids such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, and calcium bicarbonate can be used to neutralize stomach acids. Antacids, however, can cause alkalosis, leading to nausea, headache, and weakness. Antacids can also interfere with the absorption of other drugs into the blood stream and cause diarrhea.
H2 antagonists, such as cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, and nizatidine, are also used to treat ulcers. H2 antagonists promote ulcer healing by reducing gastric acid and digestive-enzyme secretion elicited by histamine and other H2 agonists in the stomach and duodenum. H2 antagonists, however, can cause breast enlargement and impotence in men, mental changes (especially in the elderly), headache, dizziness, nausea, myalgia, diarrhea, rash, and fever.
H+, K+-ATPase inhibitors such as omeprazole and lansoprazole are also used to treat ulcers. H+, K+-ATPase inhibitors inhibit the production of enzymes used by the stomach to secrete acid. Side effects associated with H+, K+-ATPase inhibitors include nausea, diarrhea, abdominal colic, headache, dizziness, somnolence, skin rashes, and transient elevations of plasma activities of aminotransferases.
Sucraflate is also used to treat ulcers. Sucraflate adheres to epithelial cells and is believed to form a protective coating at the base of an ulcer to promote healing. Sucraflate, however, can cause constipation, dry mouth, and interfere with the absorption of other drugs.
Antibiotics are used when Helicobacter pylori is the underlying cause of the ulcer. Often antibiotic therapy is coupled with the administration of bismuth compounds such as bismuth subsalicylate and colloidal bismuth citrate. The bismuth compounds are believed to enhance secretion of mucous and HCO3−, inhibit pepsin activity, and act as an antibacterial against H. pylori. Ingestion of bismuth compounds, however, can lead to elevated plasma concentrations of Bi+3 and can interfere with the absorption of other drugs.
Prostaglandin analogues, such as misoprostal, inhibit secretion of acid and stimulate the secretion of mucous and bicarbonate and are also used to treat ulcers, especially ulcers in patients who require nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Effective oral doses of prostaglandin analogues, however, can cause diarrhea and abdominal cramping. In addition, some prostaglandin analogues are abortifacients.
Carbenoxolone, a mineral corticoid, can also be used to treat ulcers. Carbenoxolone appears to alter the composition and quantity of mucous, thereby enhancing the mucosal barrier. Carbenoxolone, however, can lead to Na+ and fluid retention, hypertension, hypokalemia, and impaired glucose tolerance.
Muscarinic cholinergic antagonists such as pirenzapine and telenzapine can also be used to reduce acid secretion and treat ulcers. Side effects of muscarinic cholinergic antagonists include dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation. The Merck Manual of Medical Information 496-500 (R. Berkow ed., 1997) and Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 901-915 (J. Hardman and L. Limbird eds., 9th ed. 1996).
Inflammatory-bowel disease (“IBD”) is a chronic disorder in which the bowel becomes inflamed, often causing recurring abdominal cramps and diarrhea. The two types of IBD are Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Crohn's disease, which can include regional enteritis, granulomatous ileitis, and ileocolitis, is a chronic inflammation of the intestinal wall. Crohn's disease occurs equally in both sexes and is more common in Jews of eastern-European ancestry. Most cases of Crohn's disease begin before age 30 and the majority start between the ages of 14 and 24. The disease typically affects the full thickness of the intestinal wall. Generally the disease affects the lowest portion of the small intestine (ileum) and the large intestine, but can occur in any part of the digestive tract.
Early symptoms of Crohn's disease are chronic diarrhea, crampy abdominal pain, fever, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Complications associated with Crohn's disease include the development of intestinal obstructions, abnormal connecting channels (fistulas), and abscesses. The risk of cancer of the large intestine is increased in people who have Crohn's disease. Often Crohn's disease is associated with other disorders such as gallstones, inadequate absorption of nutrients, amyloidosis, arthritis, episcleritis, aphthous stomatitis, erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, ankylosing spondylitis, sacroilitis, uveitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis. There is no known cure for Crohn's disease.
Cramps and diarrhea, side effects associated with Crohn's disease, can be relieved by anticholinergic drugs, diphenoxylate, loperamide, deodorized opium tincture, or codeine. Generally, the drug is taken orally before a meal.
Broad-spectrum antibiotics are often administered to treat the symptoms of Crohn's disease. The antibiotic metronidazole is often administered when the disease affects the large intestine or causes abscesses and fistulas around the anus. Long-term use of metronidazole, however, can damage nerves, resulting in pins-and-needles sensations in the arms and legs. Sulfasalazine and chemically related drugs can suppress mild inflammation, especially in the large intestine. These drugs, however, are less effective in sudden, severe flare-ups. Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, reduce fever and diarrhea and relieve abdominal pain and tenderness. Long-term corticosteroid therapy, however, invariably results in serious side effects such as high blood-sugar levels, increased risk of infection, osteoporosis, water retention, and fragility of the skin. Drugs such as azathioprine and mercaptourine can compromise the immune system and are often effective for Crohn's disease in patients that do not respond to other drugs. These drugs, however, usually need 3 to 6 months before they produce benefits and can cause serious side effects such as allergy, pancreatitis, and low white-blood-cell count.
When Crohn's disease causes the intestine to be obstructed or when abscesses or fistulas do not heal, surgery can be necessary to remove diseased sections of the intestine. Surgery, however, does not cure the disease, and inflammation tends to recur where the intestine is rejoined. In almost half of the cases a second operation is needed. The Merck Manual of Medical Information 528-530 (R. Berkow ed., 1997).
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic disease in which the large intestine becomes inflamed and ulcerated, leading to episodes of bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and fever. Ulcerative colitis usually begins between ages 15 and 30; however, a small group of people have their first attack between ages 50 and 70. Unlike Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis never affects the small intestine and does not affect the full thickness of the intestine. The disease usually begins in the rectum and the sigmoid colon and eventually spreads partially or completely throughout the large intestine. The cause of ulcerative colitis is unknown.
Treatment of ulcerative colitis is directed to controlling inflammation, reducing symptoms, and replacing lost fluids and nutrients. Anticholinergic drugs and low doses of diphenoxylate or loperamide are administered for treating mild diarrhea. For more intense diarrhea higher doses of diphenoxylate or loperamide, or deodorized opium tincture or codeine are administered. Sulfasalazine, olsalazine, prednisone, or mesalamine can be used to reduce inflammation. Azathioprine and mercaptopurine have been used to maintain remissions in ulcerative-colitis patients who would otherwise need long-term corticosteroid treatment. In severe cases of ulcerative colitis the patient is hospitalized and given corticosteroids intravenously. People with severe rectal bleeding can require transfusions and intravenous fluids. If toxic colitis develops and treatments fail, surgery to remove the large intestine can be necessary. Non-emergency surgery can be performed if cancer is diagnosed, precancerous lesions are detected, or unremitting chronic disease would otherwise make the person an invalid or dependent on high doses of corticosteroids. Complete removal of the large intestine and rectum permanently cures ulcerative colitis. The Merck Manual of Medical Information 530-532 (R. Berkow ed., 1997) and Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (J. Hardman and L. Limbird eds., 9th ed. 1996).
Irritable-bowel syndrome (“IBS”) is a disorder of motility of the entire gastrointestinal tract, causing abdominal pain, constipation, and/or diarrhea. IBS affects three-times more women than men. In IBS stimuli such as stress, diet, drugs, hormones, or irritants can cause the gastrointestinal tract to contract abnormally. During an episode of IBS, contractions of the gastrointestinal tract become stronger and more frequent, resulting in the rapid transit of food and feces through the small intestine, often leading to diarrhea. Cramps result from the strong contractions of the large intestine and increased sensitivity of pain receptors in the large intestine.
There are two major types of IBS. The first type, spastic-colon type, is commonly triggered by eating, and usually produces periodic constipation and diarrhea with pain. Mucous often appears in the stool. The pain can come in bouts of continuous dull aching pain or cramps, usually in the lower abdomen. The person suffering from spastic-colon type IBS can also experience bloating, gas, nausea, headache, fatigue, depression, anxiety, and difficulty concentrating. The second type of IBS usually produces painless diarrhea or constipation. The diarrhea can begin suddenly and with extreme urgency. Often the diarrhea occurs soon after a meal and can sometimes occur immediately upon awakening.
Treatment of IBS typically involves modification of an IBS-patient's diet. Often it is recommended that an IBS patient avoid beans, cabbage, sorbitol, and fructose. A low-fat, high-fiber diet can also help some IBS patients. Regular physical activity can also help keep the gastrointestinal tract functioning properly. Drugs such as propantheline that slow the function of the gastrointestinal tract are generally not effective for treating IBS. Antidiarrheal drugs, such as diphenoxylate and loperamide, help with diarrhea. The Merck Manual of Medical Information 525-526 (R. Berkow ed., 1997).
Certain pharmaceutical agents have been administered for treating addiction. U.S. Pat. No. 5,556,838 to Mayer et al. discloses the use of nontoxic NMDA-blocking agents co-administered with an addictive substance to prevent the development of tolerance or withdrawal symptoms. U.S. Pat. No. 5,574,052 to Rose et al. discloses co-administration of an addictive substance with an antagonist to partially block the pharmacological effects of the addictive substance. U.S. Pat. No. 5,075,341 to Mendelson et al. discloses the use of a mixed opiate agonist/antagonist to treat cocaine and opiate addiction. U.S. Pat. No. 5,232,934 to Downs discloses administration of 3-phenoxypyridine to treat addiction. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,039,680 and 5,198,459 to Imperato et al. disclose using a serotonin antagonist to treat chemical addiction. U.S. Pat. No. 5,556,837 to Nestler et. al. discloses infusing BDNF or NT-4 growth factors to inhibit or reverse neurological adaptive changes that correlate with behavioral changes in an addicted individual. U.S. Pat. No. 5,762,925 to Sagan discloses implanting encapsulated adrenal medullary cells into an animal's central nervous system to inhibit the development of opioid intolerance. U.S. Pat. No. 6,204,284 to Beer et al. discloses racemic (±)-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane for use in the prevention or relief of a withdrawal syndrome resulting from addiction to drugs and for the treatment of chemical dependencies.
Without treatment, Parkinson's disease progresses to a rigid akinetic state in which patients are incapable of caring for themselves. Death frequently results from complications of immobility, including aspiration pneumonia or pulmonary embolism. Drugs commonly used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease include carbidopa/levodopa, pergolide, bromocriptine, selegiline, amantadine, and trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride. There remains, however, a need for drugs useful for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and having an improved therapeutic profile.
Currently, benzodiazepines are the most commonly used anti-anxiety agents for generalized anxiety disorder. Benzodiazepines, however, carry the risk of producing impairment of cognition and skilled motor functions, particularly in the elderly, which can result in confusion, delerium, and falls with fractures. Sedatives are also commonly prescribed for treating anxiety. The azapirones, such as buspirone, are also used to treat moderate anxiety. The azapirones, however, are less useful for treating severe anxiety accompanied with panic attacks.
Examples of drugs for treating a seizure and epilepsy include carbamazepine, ethosuximide, gabapentin, lamotrigine, phenobarbital, phenyloin, primidone, valproic acid, trimethadione, benzodiazepines, γ-vinyl GABA, acetazolamide, and felbamate. Anti-seizure drugs, however, can have side effects such as drowsiness; hyperactivity; hallucinations; inability to concentrate; central and peripheral nervous system toxicity, such as nystagmus, ataxia, diplopia, and vertigo; gingival hyperplasia; gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, and anorexia; endocrine effects such as inhibition of antidiuretic hormone, hyperglycemia, glycosuria, osteomalacia; and hypersensitivity such as scarlatiniform rash, morbilliform rash, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and hepatic necrosis; and hematological reactions such as red-cell aplasia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, and megaloblastic anemia. The Merck Manual of Medical Information 345-350 (R. Berkow ed., 1997).
Symptoms of strokes vary depending on what part of the brain is affected. Symptoms include loss or abnormal sensations in an arm or leg or one side of the body, weakness or paralysis of an arm or leg or one side of the body, partial loss of vision or hearing, double vision, dizziness, slurred speech, difficulty in thinking of the appropriate word or saying it, inability to recognize parts of the body, unusual movements, loss of bladder control, imbalance, and falling, and fainting. The symptoms can be permanent and can be associated with coma or stupor. Examples of drugs for treating strokes include anticoagulants such as heparin, drugs that break up clots such as streptokinase or tissue plasminogen activator, and drugs that reduce swelling such as mannitol or corticosteroids. The Merck Manual of Medical Information 352-355 (R. Berkow ed., 1997).
Pruritus is an unpleasant sensation that prompts scratching. Conventionally, pruritus is treated by phototherapy with ultraviolet B or PUVA or with therapeutic agents such as naltrexone, nalmefene, danazol, tricyclics, and antidepressants.
Selective antagonists of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (“mGluR5”) have been shown to exert analgesic activity in in vivo animal models (K. Walker et al., Neuropharmacology 40:1-9 (2000) and A. Dogrul et al., Neuroscience Letters, 292(2):115-118 (2000)).
Selective antagonists of the mGluR5 receptor have also been shown to exert anxiolytic and anti-depressant activity in in vivo animal models (E. Tatarczynska et al., Br. J. Pharmacol. 132(7):1423-1430 (2001) and P. J. M. Will et al., Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 22(7):331-37 (2001)).
Selective antagonists of the mGluR5 receptor have also been shown to exert anti-Parkinson activity in vivo (K. J. Ossowska et al., Neuropharmacology 41(4):413-20 (2001) and P. J. M. Will et al., Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 22(7):331-37 (2001)).
Selective antagonists of the mGluR5 receptor have also been shown to exert anti-dependence activity in vivo (C. Chiamulera et al., Nature Neuroscience 4(9):873-74 (2001)).
International publication no. WO 97/28140 describes a class of piperidine compounds derived from 1-(piperazin-1-yl)aryl(oxy/amino)carbonyl-4-aryl-piperidine that are useful as 5-HT1Db receptor antagonists.
International publication no. WO 98/31677 describes a class of aromatic amines derived from cyclic amines that are useful as antidepressant drugs.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,797,419 to Moos et al. describes a class of urea compounds for stimulating the release of acetylcholine and useful for treating symptoms of senile cognitive decline.
Citation of any reference in Section 2 of this application is not to be construed as an admission that such reference is prior art to the present application.
3. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention encompasses compounds of formula (I):




and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, where

Ar1 is




Ar2 is




X is O, S, N—CN, N—OH, or N—OR10;
R1 is —H, -halo, —CH3, —NO2, —CN, —OH, —OCH3, —NH2, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, or —CH2(halo);
each R2 is independently:

    
    
        (a) -halo, —OH, —NH2, —CN, or —NO2;
        (b) —(C1-C10)alkyl, —(C2-C10)alkenyl, —(C2-C10)alkynyl, —(C3-C10)cycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkyl, —(C5-C10)cycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkenyl, -(3- to 7-membered)heterocycle, or -(7- to 10-membered)bicycloheterocycle, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R5 groups; or
        (c) -phenyl, -naphthyl, —(C14)aryl or -(5- to 10-membered)heteroaryl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R6 groups;
    
    


each R3 is independently:

    
    
        (a) -halo, —CN, —OH, —NO2, or —NH2;
        (b) —(C1-C10)alkyl, —(C2-C10)alkenyl, —(C2-C10)alkynyl, —(C3-C10)cycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkyl, —(C5-C10)cycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkenyl, (C8-C14)tricycloalkenyl, -(3- to 7-membered)heterocycle, or -(7- to 10-membered)bicycloheterocycle, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R5 groups; or
        (c) -phenyl, -naphthyl, —(C14)aryl or -(5- to 10-membered) heteroaryl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R6 groups;
    
    


each R5 is independently —CN, —OH, —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7;
each R6 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, (C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, -(3- to 5-membered)heterocycle, —C(halo)3, CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7;
each R7 is independently —H, —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, -(3- to 5-membered)heterocycle, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, or —CH2(halo);
each R8 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7;
R10 is —(C1-C4)alkyl;
each R11 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7;
each halo is independently —F, —Cl, —Br, or —I;
m is 0 or 1;
o is an integer ranging 0 to 4;
p is an integer ranging from 0 to 2;
q is an integer ranging from 0 to 6;
s is an integer ranging from 0 to 4; and
r is an integer ranging from 0 to 5.
The invention further encompasses compounds of formula (II)




and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, where

R1 is -halo, —CH3, —NO2, —CN, —OH, —OCH3, —NH2, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, or —CH2(halo);
X, R2, R3, Ar2, and m are defined above for the compound of formula (I); and
n is an integer ranging from 0 to 3.
A compound of formula (I) or (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (a “Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound”) is useful for treating or preventing pain, UI, an ulcer, IBD, IBS, an addictive disorder, Parkinson's disease, parkinsonism, anxiety, epilepsy, stroke, a seizure, a pruritic condition, psychosis, a cognitive disorder, a memory deficit, restricted brain function, Huntington's chorea, ALS, dementia, retinopathy, a muscle spasm, a migraine, vomiting, dyskinesia, or depression (each being a “Condition”) in an animal.
The invention also relates to compositions comprising an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. The compositions are useful for treating or preventing a Condition in an animal.
The invention further relates to methods for treating a Condition, comprising administering to an animal in need thereof an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound.
The invention further relates to methods for preventing a Condition, comprising administering to an animal in need thereof an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound.
The invention still further relates to methods for inhibiting Vanilloid Receptor 1 (“VR1”) function in a cell, comprising contacting a cell capable of expressing VR1 with an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound.
The invention still further relates to methods for inhibiting mGluR5 function in a cell, comprising contacting a cell capable of expressing mGluR5 with an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound.
The invention still further relates to methods for inhibiting metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (“mGluR1”) function in a cell, comprising contacting a cell capable of expressing mGluR1 with an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound.
The invention still further relates to methods for preparing a composition, comprising the step of admixing a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.
The invention still further relates to a kit comprising a container containing an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound.
The present invention can be understood more fully by reference to the following detailed description and illustrative examples, which are intended to exemplify non-limiting embodiments of the invention.


4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
4.1 Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds of Formula (I)
As stated above, the present invention encompasses compounds of Formula (I)




and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, where Ar1, Ar2, R3, X, and m are defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds of formula (I).

In one embodiment, Ar1 is a pyrimidyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyrazinyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyridazinyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar1 is a thiadiazolyl group.
In another embodiment, X is O.
In another embodiment, X is S.
In another embodiment, X is N—CN.
In another embodiment, X is N—OH.
In another embodiment, X is N—OR10.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is a benzoimidazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is a benzothiazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is a benzooxazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is




In another embodiment, Ar2 is




In another embodiment, Ar2 is




In another embodiment, Ar2 is




In another embodiment, m is 0.
In another embodiment, m is 1.
In another embodiment, p is 0.
In another embodiment, p is 1.
In another embodiment, o is 0.
In another embodiment, o is 1.
In another embodiment, q is 0.
In another embodiment, q is 1.
In another embodiment, r is 0.
In another embodiment, r is 1.
In another embodiment, R1 is —H.
In another embodiment, R1 is -halo.
In another embodiment, R1 is —CH3.
In another embodiment, R1 is —NO2.
In another embodiment, R1 is —CN.
In another embodiment, R1 is —OH.
In another embodiment, R1 is —OCH3.
In another embodiment, R1 is —NH2.
In another embodiment, R1 is —C(halo)3.
In another embodiment, R1 is —CH(halo)2.
In another embodiment, R1 is —CH2(halo).
In another embodiment, p is 1 and R2 is -halo, —OH, —NH2, —CN, or —NO2.
In another embodiment, p is 1 and R2 is —(C1-C10)alkyl, —(C2-C10)alkenyl, —(C2-C10)alkynyl, —(C3-C10)cycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)bicyclo alkyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkyl, —(C5-C10)cycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkenyl, -(3- to 7-membered)heterocycle, or -(7- to 10-membered)bicycloheterocycle, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R5 groups.
In another embodiment, p is 1 and R2 is -phenyl, -naphthyl, —(C1-4)aryl or -(5- to 10-membered)heteroaryl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R6 groups.
In another embodiment, m is 1 and R3 is -halo, —CN, —OH, —NO2, or —NH2;
In another embodiment, m is 1 and R3 is —(C1-C10)alkyl, —(C2-C10)alkenyl, —(C2-C10)alkynyl, —(C3-C10)cycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkyl, —(C5-C10)cycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkenyl, -(3- to 7-membered)heterocycle, or -(7- to 10-membered)bicycloheterocycle, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R5 groups.
In another embodiment, m is 1 and R3 is -phenyl, -naphthyl, —(C1-4)aryl or -(5- to 10-membered)heteroaryl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R6 groups.
In another embodiment, m is 1 and R3 is —CH3.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is a benzothiazolyl group, benzoimidazolyl group, or benzooxazolyl group and each R8 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is a benzothiazolyl group and s is 1.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is a benzoimidazolyl group and s is 1.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is a benzooxazolyl group and s is 1.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and each R8 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7.

In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and each R8 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7.

In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and each R8 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7.

In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and each R11 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —CO7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7.

In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and o is 1.

In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and o is 1.

In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and q is 1.

In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and r is 1.

In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyrazinyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is a benzothiazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyrazinyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is a benzooxazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyrazinyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is a benzoimidazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyrazinyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is




In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyrazinyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is




In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyrimidinyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is a benzothiazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyrimidinyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is a benzooxazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyrimidinyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is a benzoimidazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyrimidinyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is




In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyrimidinyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is




In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyridazinyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is a benzothiazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyridazinyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is a benzooxazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyridazinyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is a benzoimidazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyridazinyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is




In another embodiment, Ar1 is a pyridazinyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is




In another embodiment, Ar1 is a thiadiazolyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is a benzothiazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar1 is a thiadiazolyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is a benzooxazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar1 is a thiadiazolyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is a benzoimidazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar1 is a thiadiazolyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is




In another embodiment, Ar1 is a thiadiazolyl group, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is




4.2 Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds of Formula (II)
The invention also relates to Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds of formula (II)




and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, where R1, R2, R3, Ar2, X, n and m are defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds of formula (II).

In one embodiment, X is O.
In another embodiment, X is S.
In another embodiment, X is N—CN.
In another embodiment, X is N—OH.
In another embodiment, X is N—OR10.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is a benzoimidazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is a benzothiazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is a benzooxazolyl group.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is




In another embodiment, Ar2 is




In another embodiment, Ar2 is




In another embodiment, Ar2 is




In another embodiment, m is 0.
In another embodiment, m is 1.
In another embodiment, n is 0.
In another embodiment, n is 1.
In another embodiment, n is 2.
In another embodiment, n is 3.
In another embodiment, o is 0.
In another embodiment, o is 1.
In another embodiment, q is 0.
In another embodiment, q is 1.
In another embodiment, r is 0.
In another embodiment, r is 1.
In another embodiment, R1 is -halo
In another embodiment, R1— is CH3.
In another embodiment, R1 is —NO2.
In another embodiment, R1 is —CN.
In another embodiment, R1 is —OH.
In another embodiment, R1 is —OCH3.
In another embodiment, R1 is —NH2.
In another embodiment, R1 is —C(halo)3.
In another embodiment, R1 is —CH(halo)2.
In another embodiment, R1 is —CH2(halo).
In another embodiment, n is 1 and R2 is -halo, —OH, —NH2, —CN, or —NO2.
In another embodiment, n is 1 and R2 is —(C1-C10)alkyl, —(C2-C10)alkenyl, —(C2-C10)alkynyl, —(C3-C10)cycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)bicyclo alkyl, —(C8-C14)tricyclo alkyl, —(C5-C10)cycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkenyl, -(3- to 7-membered)heterocycle, or -(7- to 10-membered)bicycloheterocycle, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R5 groups.
In another embodiment, n is 1 and R2 is -phenyl, -naphthyl, —(C1-4)aryl or -(5- to 10-membered)heteroaryl, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R6 groups.
In another embodiment, m is 1 and R3 is -halo, —CN, —OH, —NO2, or —NH2;
In another embodiment, m is 1 and R3 is —(C1-C10)alkyl, —(C2-C10)alkenyl, —(C2-C10)alkynyl, —(C3-C10)cycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkyl, —(C5-C10)cycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkenyl, -(3- to 7-membered)heterocycle, or -(7- to 10-membered)bicycloheterocycle, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R5 groups.
In another embodiment, m is 1 and R3 is -phenyl, -naphthyl, —(C1-4)aryl or -(5- to 10-membered)heterocycle, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R6 groups.
In another embodiment, m is 1 and R3 is —CH3.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is a benzothiazolyl group, benzoimidazolyl group, or benzooxazolyl group and each R8 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is a benzothiazolyl group and s is 1.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is a benzoimidazolyl group and s is 1.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is a benzooxazolyl group and s is 1.
In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and each R8 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7.

In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and each R8 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7.

In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and each R11 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7.

In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and each R8 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7.

In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and o is 1.

In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and o is 1.

In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and q is 1.

In another embodiment, Ar2 is




and r is 1.

In another embodiment, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is a benzothiazolyl group.
In another embodiment, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is a benzooxazolyl group.
In another embodiment, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is a benzoimidazolyl group.
In another embodiment, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is




In another embodiment, X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is




In the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds that have an R3 group, the R3 group can be attached to the carbon atom at the 2-, 3-, 5- or 6-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring. In one embodiment, the R3 group is attached to the carbon at the 2-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring. In another embodiment, the R3 group is attached to the carbon at the 3-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring. In another embodiment, the R3 group is attached to the carbon at the 6-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring. In another embodiment, the R3 group is attached to the carbon at the 5-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring.
In one embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group; the carbon atom to which the R3 group is attached is at the 2-, 3- or 6-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring; and the carbon atom to which the R3 group is attached has the (R) configuration. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group; the carbon atom to which the R3 group is attached is at the 2-, 3- or 6-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring; and the carbon atom to which the R3 group is attached has the (S) configuration.
In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon that is at the 2-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, and the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (R) configuration. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon that is at the 2-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (R) configuration, and R3 is —(C1-C4)alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with one or more halo groups. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon that is at the 2-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (R) configuration, and R3 is —CH3. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon that is at the 2-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (R) configuration, and R3 is —CF3. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon that is at the 2-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (R) configuration, and R3 is —CH2CH3.
In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 3-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, and the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (R) configuration. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 3-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (R) configuration, and R3 is —(C1-C4)alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with one or more halo groups. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 3-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (R) configuration, and R3 is —CH3. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 3-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (R) configuration, and R3 is —CF3. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 3-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (R) configuration, and R3 is —CH2CH3.
In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 6-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, and the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (R) configuration. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 6-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (R) configuration, and R3 is —(C1-C4)alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with one or more halo groups. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 6-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (R) configuration, and R3 is —CH3. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 6-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (R) configuration, and R3 is —CF3. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 6-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring. The R3 group is in the (R) configuration, and R3 is —CH2CH3.
In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon that is at the 2-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, and the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (S) configuration. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon that is at the 2-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (S) configuration, and R3 is —(C1-C4)alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with one or more halo groups. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon that is at the 2-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (S) configuration, and R3 is —CH3. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon that is at the 2-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (S) configuration, and R3 is —CF3. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon that is at the 2-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (S) configuration, and R3 is —CH2CH3.
In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 3-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, and the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (S) configuration. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 3-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (S) configuration, and R3 is —(C1-C4)alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with one or more halo groups. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 3-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (S) configuration, and R3 is —CH3. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 3-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (S) configuration, and R3 is —CF3. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 3-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (S) configuration, and R3 is —CH2CH3.
In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 6-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, and the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (S) configuration. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 6-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (S) configuration, and R3 is —(C1-C4)alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with one or more halo groups. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 6-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (S) configuration, and R3 is —CH3. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 6-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon to which the R3 group is attached is in the (S) configuration, and R3 is —CF3. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 6-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring, the carbon atom to which the R3 group is attached is in the (S) configuration, and R3 is —CH2CH3.
In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 5-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring and R3 is —(C1-C4) alkyl unsubstituted or substituted with one or more halo groups. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 5-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring and R3 is —CH3. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 5-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring and R3 is —CF3. In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound has an R3 group, the R3 group is attached to the carbon atom at the 5-position of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring and R3 is —CH2CH3.
Illustrative Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds are listed below in Tables 1-10:








TABLE 1








(Ia)













 









Compound
R1
R8





A01(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—H


A02(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-tent-butyl


A03(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-iso-butyl


A04(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-sec-butyl


A05(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-iso-propyl


A06(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-n-propyl


A07(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-cyclohexyl


A08(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-tert-butoxy


A09(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-iso-propoxy


A10(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—CF3


A11(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—CH2CF3


A12(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—OCF3


A13(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—Cl


A14(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—Br


A15(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—I


A16(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-n-butyl


A17(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-n-propyl


A18(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—H


A19(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-tert-butyl


A20(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-iso-butyl


A21(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-sec-butyl


A22(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-iso-propyl


A23(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-n-propyl


A24(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-cyclohexyl


A25(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-tert-butoxy


A26(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-iso-propoxy


A27(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—CF3


A28(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—CH2CF3


A29(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—OCF3


A30(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—Cl


A31(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—Br


A32(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—I


A33(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-n-butyl


A34(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-n-propyl


A35(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—H


A36(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-tent-butyl


A37(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-iso-butyl


A38(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-sec-butyl


A39(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-iso-propyl


A40(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-n-propyl


A41(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-cyclohexyl


A42(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-tert-butoxy


A43(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-iso-propoxy


A44(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—CF3


A45(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—CH2CF3


A46(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—OCF3


A47(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—Cl


A48(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—Br


A49(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—I


A50(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-n-butyl


A51(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-n-propyl


A52(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—H


A53(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-iso-butyl


A54(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-tert-butyl


A55(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-sec-butyl


A56(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-iso-propyl


A57(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-n-propyl


A58(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-cyclohexyl


A59(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-tert-butoxy


A60(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-iso-propoxy


A61(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—CF3


A62(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—CH2CF3


A63(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—OCF3


A64(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—Cl


A65(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—Br


A66(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—I


A67(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-n-butyl


A68(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-n-propyl


A69(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—H


A70(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-tert-butyl


A71(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-iso-butyl


A72(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-sec-butyl


A73(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-iso-propyl


A74(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-n-propyl


A75(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-cyclohexyl


A76(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-tert-butoxy


A77(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-iso-propoxy


A78(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—CF3


A79(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—CH2CF3


A80(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—OCF3


A81(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—Cl


A82(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—Br


A83(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—I


A84(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-n-butyl


A85(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-n-propyl


A86(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-tert-butyl


A87(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—H


A88(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-iso-butyl


A89(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-sec-butyl


A90(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-iso-propyl


A91(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-n-propyl


A92(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-cyclohexyl


A93(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-tert-butoxy


A94(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-iso-propoxy


A95(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—CF3


A96(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—CH2CF3


A97(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—OCF3


A98(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—Cl


A99(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—Br


A100(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—I


A101(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-n-butyl


A102(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-n-propyl


A103(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—H


A104(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-tert-butyl


A105(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-iso-butyl


A106(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-sec-butyl


A107(a), (b), and (c) 
—OH
-iso-propyl


A108(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-n-propyl


A109(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-cyclohexyl


A110(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-tert-butoxy


A111(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-iso-propoxy


A112(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—CF3


A113(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—CH2CF3


A114(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—OCF3


A115(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—Cl


A116(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—Br


A117(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—I


A118(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-n-butyl


A119(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-n-propyl


A120(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—H


A121(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-tert-butyl


A122(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-iso-butyl


A123(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-sec-butyl


A124(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-iso-propyl


A125(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-n-propyl


A126(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-cyclohexyl


A127(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-tert-butoxy


A128(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-iso-propoxy


A129(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—CF3


A130(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—CH2CF3


A131(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—OCF3


A132(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—Cl


A133(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—Br


A134(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—I


A135(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-n-butyl


A136(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-n-propyl


A137(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—H


A138(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-tert-butyl


A139(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-iso-butyl


A140(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-sec-butyl


A141(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-iso-propyl


A142(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-n-propyl


A143(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-cyclohexyl


A144(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-tert-butoxy


A145(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-iso-propoxy


A146(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—CF3


A147(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—CH2CF3


A148(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—OCF3


A149(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—Cl


A150(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—Br


A151(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—I


A152(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-n-butyl


A153(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-n-propyl


A154(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—H


A155(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-tert-butyl


A156(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-iso-butyl


A157(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-sec-butyl


A158(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-iso-propyl


A159(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-n-propyl


A160(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-cyclohexyl


A161(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-tert-butoxy


A162(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-iso-propoxy


A163(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—CF3


A164(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—CH2CF3


A165(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—OCF3


A166(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—Cl


A167(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—Br


A168(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—I


A169(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-n-butyl


A170(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-n-propyl


A171(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-tert-butyl


A172(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—H


A173(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-iso-butyl


A174(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-sec-butyl


A175(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-iso-propyl


A176(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-n-propyl


A177(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-cyclohexyl


A178(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-tert-butoxy


A179(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-iso-propoxy


A180(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—CF3


A181(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—CH2CF3


A182(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—OCF3


A183(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—Cl


A184(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—Br


A185(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—I


A186(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-n-butyl


A187(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-n-propyl





(a) means that R12 is —H and R14 is —CH3.


(b) means that R12 is —CH3 and R14 is —H.


(c) means that R12 and R14 are each —H.














TABLE 2








(Ib)













 









Compound
R1
R8





B01(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—H


B02(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-tert-butyl


B03(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-iso-butyl


B04(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-sec-butyl


B05(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-iso-propyl


B06(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-n-propyl


B07(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-cyclohexyl


B08(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-tert-butoxy


B09(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-iso-propoxy


B10(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—CF3


B11(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—CH2CF3


B12(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—OCF3


B13(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—Cl


B14(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—Br


B15(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—I


B16(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-n-butyl


B17(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-n-propyl


B18(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—H


B19(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-tert-butyl


B20(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-iso-butyl


B21(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-sec-butyl


B22(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-iso-propyl


B23(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-n-propyl


B24(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-cyclohexyl


B25(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-tert-butoxy


B26(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-iso-propoxy


B27(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—CF3


B28(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—CH2CF3


B29(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—OCF3


B30(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—Cl


B31(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—Br


B32(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—I


B33(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-n-butyl


B34(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-n-propyl


B35(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—H


B36(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-tert-butyl


B37(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-iso-butyl


B38(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-sec-butyl


B39(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-iso-propyl


B40(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-n-propyl


B41(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-cyclohexyl


B42(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-tert-butoxy


B43(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-iso-propoxy


B44(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—CF3


B45(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—CH2CF3


B46(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—OCF3


B47(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—Cl


B48(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—Br


B49(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—I


B50(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-n-butyl


B51(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-n-propyl


B52(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—H


B53(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-iso-butyl


B54(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-tert-butyl


B55(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-sec-butyl


B56(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-iso-propyl


B57(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-n-propyl


B58(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-cyclohexyl


B59(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-tert-butoxy


B60(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-iso-propoxy


B61(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—CF3


B62(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—CH2CF3


B63(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—OCF3


B64(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—Cl


B65(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—Br


B66(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—I


B67(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-n-butyl


B68(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-n-propyl


B69(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—H


B70(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-tert-butyl


B71(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-iso-butyl


B72(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-sec-butyl


B73(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-iso-propyl


B74(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-n-propyl


B75(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-cyclohexyl


B76(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-tert-butoxy


B77(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-iso-propoxy


B78(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—CF3


B79(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—CH2CF3


B80(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—OCF3


B81(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—Cl


B82(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—Br


B83(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—I


B84(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-n-butyl


B85(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-n-propyl


B86(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-tert-butyl


B87(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—H


B88(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-iso-butyl


B89(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-sec-butyl


B90(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-iso-propyl


B91(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-n-propyl


B92(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-cyclohexyl


B93(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-tert-butoxy


B94(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-iso-propoxy


B95(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—CF3


B96(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—CH2CF3


B97(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—OCF3


B98(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—Cl


B99(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—Br


B100(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—I


B101(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-n-butyl


B102(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-n-propyl


B103(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—H


B104(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-tert-butyl


B105(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-iso-butyl


B106(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-sec-butyl


B107(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-iso-propyl


B108(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-n-propyl


B109(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-cyclohexyl


B110(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-tert-butoxy


B111(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-iso-propoxy


B112(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—CF3


B113(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—CH2CF3


B114(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—OCF3


B115(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—Cl


B116(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—Br


B117(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—I


B118(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-n-butyl


B119(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-n-propyl


B120(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—H


B121(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-tert-butyl


B122(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-iso-butyl


B123(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-sec-butyl


B124(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-iso-propyl


B125(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-n-propyl


B126(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-cyclohexyl


B127(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-tert-butoxy


B128(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-iso-propoxy


B129(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—CF3


B130(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—CH2CF3


B131(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—OCF3


B132(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—Cl


B133(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—Br


B134(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—I


B135(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-n-butyl


B136(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-n-propyl


B137(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—H


B138(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-tert-butyl


B139(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-iso-butyl


B140(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-sec-butyl


B141(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-iso-propyl


B142(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-n-propyl


B143(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-cyclohexyl


B144(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-tert-butoxy


B145(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-iso-propoxy


B146(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—CF3


B147(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—CH2CF3


B148(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—OCF3


B149(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—Cl


B150(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—Br


B151(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—I


B152(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-n-butyl


B153(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-n-propyl


B154(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—H


B155(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-tent-butyl


B156(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-iso-butyl


B157(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-sec-butyl


B158(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-iso-propyl


B159(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-n-propyl


B160(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-cyclohexyl


B161(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-tert-butoxy


B162(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-iso-propoxy


B163(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—CF3


B164(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—CH2CF3


B165(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—OCF3


B166(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—Cl


B167(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—Br


B168(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—I


B169(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-n-butyl


B170(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-n-propyl


B171(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-tent-butyl


B172(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—H


B173(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-iso-butyl


B174(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-sec-butyl


B175(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-iso-propyl


B176(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-n-propyl


B177(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-cyclohexyl


B178(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-tert-butoxy


B179(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-iso-propoxy


B180(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—CF3


B181(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—CH2CF3


B182(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—OCF3


B183(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—Cl


B184(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—Br


B185(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—I


B186(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-n-butyl


B187(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-n-propyl





(a) means that R12 is —H and R14 is —CH3.


(b) means that R12 is —CH3 and R14 is —H.


(c) means that R12 and R14 are each —H.














TABLE 3








(Ic)













 









Compound
R1
R8





C01(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—H


C02(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-tert-butyl


C03(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-iso-butyl


C04(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-sec-butyl


C05(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-iso-propyl


C06(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-n-propyl


C07(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-cyclohexyl


C08(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-tert-butoxy


C09(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-iso-propoxy


C10(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—CF3


C11(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—CH2CF3


C12(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—OCF3


C13(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—Cl


C14(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—Br


C15(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—I


C16(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-n-butyl


C17(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-n-propyl


C18(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—H


C19(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-tert-butyl


C20(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-iso-butyl


C21(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-sec-butyl


C22(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-iso-propyl


C23(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-n-propyl


C24(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-cyclohexyl


C25(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-tert-butoxy


C26(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-iso-propoxy


C27(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—CF3


C28(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—CH2CF3


C29(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—OCF3


C30(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—Cl


C31(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—Br


C32(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—I


C33(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-n-butyl


C34(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-n-propyl


C35(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—H


C36(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-tert-butyl


C37(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-iso-butyl


C38(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-sec-butyl


C39(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-iso-propyl


C40(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-n-propyl


C41(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-cyclohexyl


C42(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-tert-butoxy


C43(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-iso-propoxy


C44(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—CF3


C45(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—CH2CF3


C46(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—OCF3


C47(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—Cl


C48(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—Br


C49(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—I


C50(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-n-butyl


C51(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-n-propyl


C52(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—H


C53(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-iso-butyl


C54(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-tert-butyl


C55(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-sec-butyl


C56(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-iso-propyl


C57(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-n-propyl


C58(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-cyclohexyl


C59(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-tert-butoxy


C60(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-iso-propoxy


C61(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—CF3


C62(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—CH2CF3


C63(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—OCF3


C64(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—Cl


C65(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—Br


C66(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—I


C67(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-n-butyl


C68(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-n-propyl


C69(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—H


C70(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-tert-butyl


C71(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-iso-butyl


C72(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-sec-butyl


C73(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-iso-propyl


C74(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-n-propyl


C75(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-cyclohexyl


C76(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-tert-butoxy


C77(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-iso-propoxy


C78(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—CF3


C79(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—CH2CF3


C80(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—OCF3


C81(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—Cl


C82(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—Br


C83(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—I


C84(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-n-butyl


C85(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-n-propyl


C86(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-tert-butyl


C87(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—H


C88(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-iso-butyl


C89(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-sec-butyl


C90(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-iso-propyl


C91(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-n-propyl


C92(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-cyclohexyl


C93(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-tert-butoxy


C94(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-iso-propoxy


C95(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—CF3


C96(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—CH2CF3


C97(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—OCF3


C98(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—Cl


C99(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—Br


C100(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—I


C101(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-n-butyl


C102(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-n-propyl


C103(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—H


C104(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-tert-butyl


C105(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-iso-butyl


C106(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-sec-butyl


C107(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-iso-propyl


C108(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-n-propyl


C109(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-cyclohexyl


C110(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-tert-butoxy


C111(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-iso-propoxy


C112(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—CF3


C113(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—CH2CF3


C114(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—OCF3


C115(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—Cl


C116(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—Br


C117(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—I


C118(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-n-butyl


C119(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-n-propyl


C120(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—H


C121(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-tert-butyl


C122(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-iso-butyl


C123(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-sec-butyl


C124(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-iso-propyl


C125(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-n-propyl


C126(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-cyclohexyl


C127(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-tert-butoxy


C128(a), (b), and (c) 
—NO2
-iso-propoxy


C129(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—CF3


C130(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—CH2CF3


C131(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—OCF3


C132(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—Cl


C133(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—Br


C134(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—I


C135(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-n-butyl


C136(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-n-propyl


C137(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—H


C138(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-tert-butyl


C139(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-iso-butyl


C140(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-sec-butyl


C141(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-iso-propyl


C142(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-n-propyl


C143(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-cyclohexyl


C144(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-tert-butoxy


C145(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-iso-propoxy


C146(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—CF3


C147(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—CH2CF3


C148(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—OCF3


C149(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—Cl


C150(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—Br


C151(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—I


C152(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-n-butyl


C153(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-n-propyl


C154(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—H


C155(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-tent-butyl


C156(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-iso-butyl


C157(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-sec-butyl


C158(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-iso-propyl


C159(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-n-propyl


C160(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-cyclohexyl


C161(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-tert-butoxy


C162(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-iso-propoxy


C163(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—CF3


C164(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—CH2CF3


C165(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—OCF3


C166(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—Cl


C167(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—Br


C168(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—I


C169(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-n-butyl


C170(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-n-propyl


C171(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-tent-butyl


C172(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—H


C173(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-iso-butyl


C174(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-sec-butyl


C175(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-iso-propyl


C176(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-n-propyl


C177(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-cyclohexyl


C178(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-tert-butoxy


C179(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-iso-propoxy


C180(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—CF3


C181(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—CH2CF3


C182(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—OCF3


C183(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—Cl


C184(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—Br


C185(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—I


C186(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-n-butyl


C187(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-n-propyl





(a) means that R12 is —H and R14 is —CH3.


(b) means that R12 is —CH3 and R14 is —H.


(c) means that R12 and R14 are each —H.













TABLE 4







(Id)








 


and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, where:


 









Compound
R1
R8





D01(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—H


D02(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-tert-butyl


D03(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-iso-butyl


D04(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-sec-butyl


D05(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-iso-propyl


D06(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-n-propyl


D07(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-cyclohexyl


D08(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-tert-butoxy


D09(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-iso-propoxy


D10(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—CF3


D11(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—CH2CF3


D12(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—OCF3


D13(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—Cl


D14(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—Br


D15(a), (b), and (c)
—H
—I


D16(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-n-butyl


D17(a), (b), and (c)
—H
-n-propyl


D18(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—H


D19(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-tert-butyl


D20(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-iso-butyl


D21(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-sec-butyl


D22(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-iso-propyl


D23(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-n-propyl


D24(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-cyclohexyl


D25(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-tert-butoxy


D26(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-iso-propoxy


D27(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—CF3


D28(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—CH2CF3


D29(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—OCF3


D30(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—Cl


D31(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—Br


D32(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—I


D33(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-n-butyl


D34(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-n-propyl


D35(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—H


D36(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-tert-butyl


D37(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-iso-butyl


D38(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-sec-butyl


D39(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-iso-propyl


D40(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-n-propyl


D41(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-cyclohexyl


D42(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-tert-butoxy


D43(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-iso-propoxy


D44(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—CF3


D45(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—CH2CF3


D46(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—OCF3


D47(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—Cl


D48(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—Br


D49(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—I


D50(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-n-butyl


D51(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-n-propyl


D52(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—H


D53(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-tert-butyl


D54(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-iso-butyl


D55(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-sec-butyl


D56(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-iso-propyl


D57(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-n-propyl


D58(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-cyclohexyl


D59(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-tert-butoxy


D60(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-iso-propoxy


D61(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—CF3


D62(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—CH2CF3


D63(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—OCF3


D64(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—Cl


D65(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—Br


D66(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—I


D67(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-n-butyl


D68(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-n-propyl


D69(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—H


D70(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-tert-butyl


D71(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-iso-butyl


D72(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-sec-butyl


D73(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-iso-propyl


D74(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-n-propyl


D75(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-cyclohexyl


D76(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-tert-butoxy


D77(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-iso-propoxy


D78(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—CF3


D79(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—CH2CF3


D80(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—OCF3


D81(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—Cl


D82(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—Br


D83(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—I


D84(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-n-butyl


D85(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-n-propyl


D86(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-tert-butyl


D87(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—H


D88(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-iso-butyl


D89(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-sec-butyl


D90(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-iso-propyl


D91(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-n-propyl


D92(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-cyclohexyl


D93(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-tert-butoxy


D94(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-iso-propoxy


D95(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—CF3


D96(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—CH2CF3


D97(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—OCF3


D98(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—Cl


D99(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—Br


D100(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—I


D101(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-n-butyl


D102(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-n-propyl


D103(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—H


D104(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-tert-butyl


D105(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-iso-butyl


D106(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-sec-butyl


D107(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-iso-propyl


D108(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-n-propyl


D109(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-cyclohexyl


D110(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-tert-butoxy


D111(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-iso-propoxy


D112(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—CF3


D113(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—CH2CF3


D114(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—OCF3


D115(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—Cl


D116(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—Br


D117(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—I


D118(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-n-butyl


D119(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-n-propyl


D120(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—H


D121(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-tert-butyl


D122(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-iso-butyl


D123(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-sec-butyl


D124(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-iso-propyl


D125(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-n-propyl


D126(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-cyclohexyl


D127(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-tert-butoxy


D128(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-iso-propoxy


D129(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—CF3


D130(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—CH2CF3


D131(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—OCF3


D132(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—Cl


D133(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—Br


D134(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—I


D135(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-n-butyl


D136(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-n-propyl


D137(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—H


D138(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-tert-butyl


D139(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-iso-butyl


D140(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-sec-butyl


D141(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-iso-propyl


D142(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-n-propyl


D143(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-cyclohexyl


D144(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-tert-butoxy


D145(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-iso-propoxy


D146(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—CF3


D147(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—CH2CF3


D148(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—OCF3


D149(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—Cl


D150(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—Br


D151(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—I


D152(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-n-butyl


D153(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-n-propyl


D154(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—H


D155(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-tert-butyl


D156(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-iso-butyl


D157(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-sec-butyl


D158(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-iso-propyl


D159(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-n-propyl


D160(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-cyclohexyl


D161(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-tert-butoxy


D162(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-iso-propoxy


D163(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—CF3


D164(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—CH2CF3


D165(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—OCF3


D166(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—Cl


D167(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—Br


D168(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—I


D169(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-n-butyl


D170(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-n-propyl


D171(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-tert-butyl


D172(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—H


D173(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-iso-butyl


D174(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-sec-butyl


D175(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-iso-propyl


D176(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-n-propyl


D177(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-cyclohexyl


D178(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-tert-butoxy


D179(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-iso-propoxy


D180(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—CF3


D181(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—CH2CF3


D182(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—OCF3


D183(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—Cl


D184(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—Br


D185(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—I


D186(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-n-butyl


D187(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-n-propyl





(a) means that R12 is —H and R14 is —CH3.


(b) means that R12 is —CH3 and R14 is —H.


(c) means that R12 and R14 are each —H.













TABLE 5







(Ie)








 


and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, where:


 











Compound
Y
R1
(R8)a
(R8)b





E01(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—Cl
—H


E02(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—Br
—H


E03(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—F
—H


E04(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—CH3
—H


E05(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—CF3
—H


E06(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—OCH3
—H


E07(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—OCH2CH3
—H


E08(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—OCF3
—H


E09(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
-tert-butyl
—H


E10(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
-iso-propyl
—H


E11(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—CH3
—CH3


E12(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—H


E13(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—Cl


E14(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—Br


E15(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—F


E16(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—CH3


E17(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—CF3


E18(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—OCH3


E19(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—OCH2CH3


E20(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—OCF3


E21(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
-tert-butyl


E22(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
-iso-propyl


E23(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—Cl
—H


E24(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—Br
—H


E25(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—F
—H


E26(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—CH3
—H


E27(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—CF3
—H


E28(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—OCH3
—H


E29(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—OCH2CH3
—H


E30(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—OCF3
—H


E31(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
-tert-butyl
—H


E32(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
-iso-propyl
—H


E33(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—CH3
—CH3


E34(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—H


E35(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—Cl


E36(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—Br


E37(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—F


E38(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—CH3


E39(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—CF3


E40(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCH3


E41(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCH2CH3


E42(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


E43(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


E44(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


E45(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


E46(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


E47(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


E48(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—Cl
—H


E49(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—Br
—H


E50(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—F
—H


E51(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—CH3
—H


E52(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—CF3
—H


E53(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—OCH3
—H


E54(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—OCH2CH3
—H


E55(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—OCF3
—H


E56(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
-tert-butyl
—H


E57(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
-iso-propyl
—H


E58(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—CH3
—CH3


E59(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—H


E60(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—Cl


E61(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—Br


E62(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—F


E63(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—CH3


E64(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—CF3


E65(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—OCH3


E66(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—OCH2CH3


E67(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—OCF3


E68(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
-tert-butyl


E69(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
-iso-propyl


E70(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—Cl
—H


E71(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—Br
—H


E72(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—F
—H


E73(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—CH3
—H


E74(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—CF3
—H


E75(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—OCH3
—H


E76(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—OCH2CH3
—H


E77(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—OCF3
—H


E78(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
-tert-butyl
—H


E79(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
-iso-propyl
—H


E80(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—CH3
—CH3


E81(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—H


E82(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—Cl


E83(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—Br


E84(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—F


E85(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—CH3


E86(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—CF3


E87(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—OCH3


E88(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—OCH2CH3


E89(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—OCF3


E90(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
-tert-butyl


E91(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
-iso-propyl


E92(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—Cl
—H


E93(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—Br
—H


E94(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—F
—H


E95(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—CH3
—H


E96(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—CF3
—H


E97(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—OCH3
—H


E98(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—OCH2CH3
—H


E99(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—OCF3
—H


E100(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
-tert-butyl
—H


E101(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
-iso-propyl
—H


E102(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—CH3
—CH3


E103(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—H


E104(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—Cl


E105(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—Br


E106(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—F


E107(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—CH3


E108(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—CF3


E109(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—OCH3


E110(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—OCH2CH3


E111(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—OCF3


E112(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
-tert-butyl


E113(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
-iso-propyl


E114(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—Cl
—H


E115(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—Br
—H


E116(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—F
—H


E117(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—CH3
—H


E118(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—CF3
—H


E119(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—OCH3
—H


E120(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—OCH2CH3
—H


E121(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—OCF3
—H


E122(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
-tert-butyl
—H


E123(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
-iso-propyl
—H


E124(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—CH3
—CH3


E125(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—H


E126(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—Cl


E127(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—Br


E128(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—F


E129(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—CH3


E130(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—CF3


E131(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—OCH3


E132(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—OCH2CH3


E133(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—OCF3


E134(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
-tert-butyl


E135(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
-iso-propyl


E136(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—Cl
—H


E137(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—Br
—H


E138(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—F
—H


E139(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—CH3
—H


E140(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—CF3
—H


E141(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—OCH3
—H


E142(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—OCH2CH3
—H


E143(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—OCF3
—H


E144(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
-tert-butyl
—H


E145(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
-iso-propyl
—H


E146(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—CH3
—CH3


E147(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—H


E148(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—Cl


E149(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—Br


E150(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—F


E151(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—CH3


E152(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—CF3


E153(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—OCH3


E154(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—OCH2CH3


E155(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—OCF3


E156(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
-tert-butyl


E157(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
-iso-propyl


E158(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—Br
—H


E159(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—Cl
—H


E160(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—F
—H


E161(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—CH3
—H


E162(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—CF3
—H


E163(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—OCH3
—H


E164(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—OCH2CH3
—H


E165(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—OCF3
—H


E166(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
-tert-butyl
—H


E167(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
-iso-propyl
—H


E168(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—CH3
—CH3


E169(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—H


E170(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—Cl


E171(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—Br


E172(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—F


E173(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—CH3


E174(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—CF3


E175(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—OCH3


E176(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—OCH2CH3


E177(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—OCF3


E178(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
-tert-butyl


E179(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
-iso-propyl


E180(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—Br
—H


E181(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—Cl
—H


E182(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—F
—H


E183(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—CH3
—H


E184(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—CF3
—H


E185(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—OCH3
—H


E186(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—OCH2CH3
—H


E187(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—OCF3
—H


E188(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
-tert-butyl
—H


E189(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
-iso-propyl
—H


E190(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—CH3
—CH3


E191(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—H


E192(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—Cl


E193(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—Br


E194(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—F


E195(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—CH3


E196(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—CF3


E197(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—OCH3


E198(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—OCH2CH3


E199(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—OCF3


E200(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
-tert-butyl


E201(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
-iso-propyl


E202(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—Cl
—H


E203(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—Br
—H


E204(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—F
—H


E205(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—CH3
—H


E206(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—CF3
—H


E207(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—OCH3
—H


E208(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—OCH2CH3
—H


E209(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—OCF3
—H


E210(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
-tert-butyl
—H


E211(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
-iso-propyl
—H


E212(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—CH3
—CH3


E213(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—H


E214(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—Cl


E215(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—Br


E216(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—F


E217(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—CH3


E218(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—CF3


E219(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—OCH3


E220(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—OCH2CH3


E221(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—OCF3


E222(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
-tert-butyl


E223(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
-iso-propyl


E224(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—Cl
—H


E225(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—Br
—H


E226(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—F
—H


E227(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—CH3
—H


E228(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—CF3
—H


E229(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—OCH3
—H


E230(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—OCH2CH3
—H


E231(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—OCF3
—H


E232(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
-tert-butyl
—H


E233(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
-iso-propyl
—H


E234(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—CH3
—CH3


E235(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—H


E236(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—Cl


E237(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—Br


E238(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—F


E239(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—CH3


E240(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—CF3


E241(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—OCH3


E242(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—OCH2CH3


E243(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—OCF3


E244(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
-tert-butyl


E245(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
-iso-propyl


E246(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—Cl
—H


E247(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—Br
—H


E248(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—F
—H


E249(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—CH3
—H


E250(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—CF3
—H


E251(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—OCH3
—H


E252(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—OCH2CH3
—H


E253(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—OCF3
—H


E254(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
-tert-butyl
—H


E255(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
-iso-propyl
—H


E256(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—CH3
—CH3


E257(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—H


E258(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—CH3


E259(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—Cl


E260(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—Br


E261(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—F


E262(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—CF3


E263(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCH3


E264(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCH2CH3


E265(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


E266(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


E267(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


E268(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


E269(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


E270(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


E271(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—Cl
—H


E272(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—Br
—H


E273(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—F
—H


E274(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—CH3
—H


E275(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—CF3
—H


E276(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—OCH3
—H


E277(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—OCH2CH3
—H


E278(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—OCF3
—H


E279(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
-tert-butyl
—H


E280(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
-iso-propyl
—H


E281(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—CH3
—CH3


E282(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—H


E283(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—Cl


E284(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—Br


E285(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—F


E286(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—CH3


E287(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—CF3


E288(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—OCH3


E289(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—OCH2CH3


E290(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—OCF3


E291(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
-tert-butyl


E292(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
-iso-propyl


E293(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—Cl
—H


E294(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—Br
—H


E295(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—F
—H


E296(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—CH3
—H


E297(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—CF3
—H


E298(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—OCH3
—H


E299(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—OCH2CH3
—H


E300(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—OCF3
—H


E301(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
-tert-butyl
—H


E302(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
-iso-propyl
—H


E303(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—CH3
—CH3


E304(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—H


E305(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—Cl


E306(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—Br


E307(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—F


E308(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—CH3


E309(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—CF3


E310(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—OCH3


E311(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—OCH2CH3


E312(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—OCF3


E313(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
-tert-butyl


E314(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
-iso-propyl


E315(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—Cl
—H


E316(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—Br
—H


E317(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—F
—H


E318(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—CH3
—H


E319(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—CF3
—H


E320(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—OCH3
—H


E321(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—OCH2CH3
—H


E322(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—OCF3
—H


E323(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
-tert-butyl
—H


E324(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
-iso-propyl
—H


E325(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—CH3
—CH3


E326(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—H


E327(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—Cl


E328(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—Br


E329(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—F


E330(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—CH3


E331(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—CF3


E332(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—OCH3


E333(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—OCH2CH3


E334(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—OCF3


E335(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
-tert-butyl


E336(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
-iso-propyl


E337(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—Cl
—H


E338(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—Br
—H


E339(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—F
—H


E340(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—CH3
—H


E341(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—CF3
—H


E342(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—OCH3
—H


E343(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—OCH2CH3
—H


E344(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—OCF3
—H


E345(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
-tert-butyl
—H


E346(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
-iso-propyl
—H


E347(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—CH3
—CH3


E348(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—H


E349(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—Cl


E350(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—Br


E351(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—F


E352(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—CH3


E353(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—CF3


E354(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—OCH3


E355(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—OCH2CH3


E356(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—OCF3


E357(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
-tert-butyl


E358(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
-iso-propyl


E359(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—Cl
—H


E360(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—Br
—H


E361(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—F
—H


E362(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—CH3
—H


E363(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—CF3
—H


E364(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—OCH3
—H


E365(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—OCH2CH3
—H


E366(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—OCF3
—H


E367(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
-tert-butyl
—H


E368(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
-iso-propyl
—H


E369(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—CH3
—CH3


E370(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—H


E371(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—Cl


E372(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—Br


E373(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—F


E374(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—CH3


E375(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—CF3


E376(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—OCH3


E377(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—OCH2CH3


E378(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—OCF3


E379(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
-tert-butyl


E380(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
-iso-propyl


E381(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—Br
—H


E382(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—Cl
—H


E383(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—F
—H


E384(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—CH3
—H


E385(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—CF3
—H


E386(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—OCH3
—H


E387(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—OCH2CH3
—H


E388(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—OCF3
—H


E389(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
-tert-butyl
—H


E390(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
-iso-propyl
—H


E391(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—CH3
—CH3


E392(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—H


E393(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—Cl


E394(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—Br


E395(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—F


E396(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—CH3


E397(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—CF3


E398(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—OCH3


E399(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—OCH2CH3


E400(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—OCF3


E401(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
-tert-butyl


E402(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
-iso-propyl


E403(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—Br
—H


E404(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—Cl
—H


E405(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—F
—H


E406(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—CH3
—H


E407(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—CF3
—H


E408(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—OCH3
—H


E409(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—OCH2CH3
—H


E410(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—OCF3
—H


E411(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
-tert-butyl
—H


E412(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
-iso-propyl
—H


E413(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—CH3
—CH3


E414(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—H


E415(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—Cl


E416(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—Br


E417(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—F


E418(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—CH3


E419(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—CF3


E420(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—OCH3


E421(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—OCH2CH3


E422(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—OCF3


E423(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
-tert-butyl


E424(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
-iso-propyl


E425(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—Br
—H


E426(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—Cl
—H


E427(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—F
—H


E428(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—CH3
—H


E429(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—CF3
—H


E430(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—OCH3
—H


E431(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—OCH2CH3
—H


E432(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—OCF3
—H


E433(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
-tert-butyl
—H


E434(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
-iso-propyl
—H


E435(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—CH3
—CH3


E436(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—H


E437(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—Cl


E438(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—Br


E439(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—F


E440(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—CH3


E441(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—CF3


E442(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—OCH3


E443(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—OCH2CH3


E444(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—OCF3


E445(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
-tert-butyl


E446(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
-iso-propyl


E447(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—Cl
—H


E448(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—Br
—H


E449(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—F
—H


E450(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—CH3
—H


E451(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—CF3
—H


E452(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—OCH3
—H


E453(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—OCH2CH3
—H


E454(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—OCF3
—H


E455(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
-tert-butyl
—H


E456(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
-iso-propyl
—H


E457(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—CH3
—CH3


E458(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—H


E459(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—Cl


E460(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—Br


E461(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—F


E462(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—CH3


E463(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—CF3


E464(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—OCH3


E465(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—OCH2CH3


E466(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—OCF3


E467(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
-tert-butyl


E468(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
-iso-propyl


E469(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—Cl
—H


E470(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—Br
—H


E471(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—F
—H


E472(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—CH3
—H


E473(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—CF3
—H


E474(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—OCH3
—H


E475(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—OCH2CH3
—H


E476(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—OCF3
—H


E477(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
-tert-butyl
—H


E478(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
-iso-propyl
—H


E479(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—CH3
—CH3


E480(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—H


E481(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—CH3


E482(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—Cl


E483(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—Br


E484(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—F


E485(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—CF3


E486(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCH3


E487(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCH2CH3


E488(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


E489(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


E490(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


E491(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


E492(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


E493(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


E494(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—Cl
—H


E495(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—Br
—H


E496(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—F
—H


E497(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—CH3
—H


E498(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—CF3
—H


E499(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—OCH3
—H


E500(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—OCH2CH3
—H


E501(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—OCF3
—H


E502(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
-tert-butyl
—H


E503(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
-iso-propyl
—H


E504(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—CH3
—CH3


E505(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—H


E506(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—Cl


E507(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—Br


E508(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—F


E509(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—CH3


E510(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—CF3


E511(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—OCH3


E512(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—OCH2CH3


E513(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—OCF3


E514(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
-tert-butyl


E515(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
-iso-propyl


E516(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—Cl
—H


E517(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—Br
—H


E518(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—F
—H


E519(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—CH3
—H


E520(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—CF3
—H


E521(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—OCH3
—H


E522(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—OCH2CH3
—H


E523(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—OCF3
—H


E524(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
-tert-butyl
—H


E525(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
-iso-propyl
—H


E526(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—CH3
—CH3


E527(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—H


E528(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—Cl


E529(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—Br


E530(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—F


E531(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—CH3


E532(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—CF3


E533(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—OCH3


E534(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—OCH2CH3


E535(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—OCF3


E536(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
-tert-butyl


E537(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
-iso-propyl


E538(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—Cl
—H


E539(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—Br
—H


E540(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—F
—H


E541(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—CH3
—H


E542(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—CF3
—H


E543(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—OCH3
—H


E544(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—OCH2CH3
—H


E545(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—OCF3
—H


E546(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
-tert-butyl
—H


E547(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
-iso-propyl
—H


E548(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—CH3
—CH3


E549(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—H


E550(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—Cl


E551(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—Br


E552(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—F


E553(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—CH3


E554(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—CF3


E555(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—OCH3


E556(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—OCH2CH3


E557(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—OCF3


E558(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
-tert-butyl


E559(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
-iso-propyl


E560(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—Cl
—H


E561(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—Br
—H


E562(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—F
—H


E563(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—CH3
—H


E564(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—CF3
—H


E565(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—OCH3
—H


E566(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—OCH2CH3
—H


E567(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—OCF3
—H


E568(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
-tert-butyl
—H


E569(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
-iso-propyl
—H


E570(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—CH3
—CH3


E571(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—H


E572(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—Cl


E573(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—Br


E574(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—F


E575(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—CH3


E576(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—CF3


E577(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—OCH3


E578(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—OCH2CH3


E579(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—OCF3


E580(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
-tert-butyl


E581(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
-iso-propyl


E582(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—Cl
—H


E583(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—Br
—H


E584(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—F
—H


E585(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—CH3
—H


E586(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—CF3
—H


E587(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—OCH3
—H


E588(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—OCH2CH3
—H


E589(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—OCF3
—H


E590(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
-tert-butyl
—H


E591(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
-iso-propyl
—H


E592(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—CH3
—CH3


E593(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—H


E594(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—Cl


E595(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—Br


E596(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—F


E597(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—CH3


E598(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—CF3


E599(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—OCH3


E600(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—OCH2CH3


E601(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—OCF3


E602(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
-tert-butyl


E603(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
-iso-propyl


E604(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—Br
—H


E605(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—Cl
—H


E606(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—F
—H


E607(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—CH3
—H


E608(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—CF3
—H


E609(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—OCH3
—H


E610(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—OCH2CH3
—H


E611(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—OCF3
—H


E612(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
-tert-butyl
—H


E613(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
-iso-propyl
—H


E614(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—CH3
—CH3


E615(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—H


E616(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—Cl


E617(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—Br


E618(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—F


E619(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—CH3


E620(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—CF3


E621(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—OCH3


E622(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—OCH2CH3


E623(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—OCF3


E624(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
-tert-butyl


E625(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
-iso-propyl


E626(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—Br
—H


E627(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—Cl
—H


E628(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—F
—H


E629(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—CH3
—H


E630(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—CF3
—H


E631(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—OCH3
—H


E632(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—OCH2CH3
—H


E633(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—OCF3
—H


E634(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
-tert-butyl
—H


E635(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
-iso-propyl
—H


E636(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—CH3
—CH3


E637(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—H


E638(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—Cl


E639(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—Br


E640(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—F


E641(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—CH3


E642(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—CF3


E643(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—OCH3


E644(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—OCH2CH3


E645(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—OCF3


E646(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
-tert-butyl


E647(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
-iso-propyl


E648(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—Cl
—H


E649(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—Br
—H


E650(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—F
—H


E651(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—CH3
—H


E652(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—CF3
—H


E653(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—OCH3
—H


E654(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—OCH2CH3
—H


E655(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—OCF3
—H


E656(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
-tert-butyl
—H


E657(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
-iso-propyl
—H


E658(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—CH3
—CH3


E659(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—H


E660(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—Cl


E661(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—Br


E662(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—F


E663(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—CH3


E664(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—CF3


E665(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—OCH3


E666(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—OCH2CH3


E667(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—OCF3


E668(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
-tert-butyl


E669(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
-iso-propyl





(a) means that R12 is —H and R14 is —CH3.


(b) means that R12 is —CH3 and R14 is —H.


(c) means that R12 and R14 are each —H.













TABLE 6







(If)








 


and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, where:


 











Compound
Y
R1
(R8)a
(R8)b





F01(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—Cl
—H


F02(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—Br
—H


F03(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—F
—H


F04(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—CH3
—H


F05(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—CF3
—H


F06(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—OCH3
—H


F07(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—OCH2CH3
—H


F08(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—OCF3
—H


F09(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
-tert-butyl
—H


F10(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
-iso-propyl
—H


F11(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—CH3
—CH3


F12(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—H


F13(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—Cl


F14(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—Br


F15(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—F


F16(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—CH3


F17(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—CF3


F18(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—OCH3


F19(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—OCH2CH3


F20(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—OCF3


F21(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
-tert-butyl


F22(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
-iso-propyl


F23(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—Cl
—H


F24(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—Br
—H


F25(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—F
—H


F26(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—CH3
—H


F27(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—CF3
—H


F28(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—OCH3
—H


F29(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—OCH2CH3
—H


F30(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—OCF3
—H


F31(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
-tert-butyl
—H


F32(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
-iso-propyl
—H


F33(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—CH3
—CH3


F34(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—H


F35(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—Cl


F36(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—Br


F37(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—F


F38(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—CH3


F39(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—CF3


F40(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCH3


F41(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCH2CH3


F42(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


F43(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


F44(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


F45(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


F46(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


F47(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


F48(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—Cl
—H


F49(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—Br
—H


F50(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—F
—H


F51(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—CH3
—H


F52(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—CF3
—H


F53(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—OCH3
—H


F54(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—OCH2CH3
—H


F55(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—OCF3
—H


F56(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
-tert-butyl
—H


F57(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
-iso-propyl
—H


F58(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—CH3
—CH3


F59(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—H


F60(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—Cl


F61(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—Br


F62(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—F


F63(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—CH3


F64(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—CF3


F65(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—OCH3


F66(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—OCH2CH3


F67(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—OCF3


F68(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
-tert-butyl


F69(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
-iso-propyl


F70(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—Cl
—H


F71(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—Br
—H


F72(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—F
—H


F73(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—CH3
—H


F74(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—CF3
—H


F75(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—OCH3
—H


F76(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—OCH2CH3
—H


F77(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—OCF3
—H


F78(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
-tert-butyl
—H


F79(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
-iso-propyl
—H


F80(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—CH3
—CH3


F81(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—H


F82(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—Cl


F83(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—Br


F84(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—F


F85(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—CH3


F86(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—CF3


F87(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—OCH3


F88(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—OCH2CH3


F89(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—OCF3


F90(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
-tert-butyl


F91(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
-iso-propyl


F92(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—Cl
—H


F93(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—Br
—H


F94(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—F
—H


F95(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—CH3
—H


F96(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—CF3
—H


F97(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—OCH3
—H


F98(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—OCH2CH3
—H


F99(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—OCF3
—H


F100(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
-tert-butyl
—H


F101(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
-iso-propyl
—H


F102(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—CH3
—CH3


F103(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—H


F104(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—Cl


F105(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—Br


F106(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—F


F107(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—CH3


F108(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—CF3


F109(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—OCH3


F110(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—OCH2CH3


F111(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—OCF3


F112(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
-tert-butyl


F113(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
-iso-propyl


F114(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—Cl
—H


F115(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—Br
—H


F116(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—F
—H


F117(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—CH3
—H


F118(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—CF3
—H


F119(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—OCH3
—H


F120(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—OCH2CH3
—H


F121(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—OCF3
—H


F122(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
-tert-butyl
—H


F123(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
-iso-propyl
—H


F124(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—CH3
—CH3


F125(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—H


F126(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—Cl


F127(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—Br


F128(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—F


F129(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—CH3


F130(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—CF3


F131(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—OCH3


F132(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—OCH2CH3


F133(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—OCF3


F134(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
-tert-butyl


F135(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
-iso-propyl


F136(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—Cl
—H


F137(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—Br
—H


F138(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—F
—H


F139(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—CH3
—H


F140(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—CF3
—H


F141(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—OCH3
—H


F142(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—OCH2CH3
—H


F143(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—OCF3
—H


F144(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
-tert-butyl
—H


F145(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
-iso-propyl
—H


F146(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—CH3
—CH3


F147(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—H


F148(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—Cl


F149(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—Br


F150(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—F


F151(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—CH3


F152(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—CF3


F153(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—OCH3


F154(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—OCH2CH3


F155(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—OCF3


F156(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
-tert-butyl


F157(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
-iso-propyl


F158(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—Br
—H


F159(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—Cl
—H


F160(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—F
—H


F161(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—CH3
—H


F162(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—CF3
—H


F163(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—OCH3
—H


F164(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—OCH2CH3
—H


F165(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—OCF3
—H


F166(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
-tert-butyl
—H


F167(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
-iso-propyl
—H


F168(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—CH3
—CH3


F169(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—H


F170(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—Cl


F171(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—Br


F172(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—F


F173(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—CH3


F174(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—CF3


F175(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—OCH3


F176(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—OCH2CH3


F177(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—OCF3


F178(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
-tert-butyl


F179(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
-iso-propyl


F180(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—Br
—H


F181(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—Cl
—H


F182(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—F
—H


F183(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—CH3
—H


F184(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—CF3
—H


F185(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—OCH3
—H


F186(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—OCH2CH3
—H


F187(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—OCF3
—H


F188(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
-tert-butyl
—H


F189(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
-iso-propyl
—H


F190(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—CH3
—CH3


F191(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—H


F192(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—Cl


F193(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—Br


F194(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—F


F195(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—CH3


F196(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—CF3


F197(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—OCH3


F198(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—OCH2CH3


F199(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—OCF3


F200(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
-tert-butyl


F201(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
-iso-propyl


F202(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—Cl
—H


F203(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—Br
—H


F204(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—F
—H


F205(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—CH3
—H


F206(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—CF3
—H


F207(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—OCH3
—H


F208(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—OCH2CH3
—H


F209(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—OCF3
—H


F210(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
-tert-butyl
—H


F211(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
-iso-propyl
—H


F212(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—CH3
—CH3


F213(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—H


F214(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—Cl


F215(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—Br


F216(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—F


F217(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—CH3


F218(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—CF3


F219(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—OCH3


F220(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—OCH2CH3


F221(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—OCF3


F222(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
-tert-butyl


F223(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
-iso-propyl


F224(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—Cl
—H


F225(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—Br
—H


F226(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—F
—H


F227(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—CH3
—H


F228(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—CF3
—H


F229(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—OCH3
—H


F230(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—OCH2CH3
—H


F231(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—OCF3
—H


F232(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
-tert-butyl
—H


F233(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
-iso-propyl
—H


F234(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—CH3
—CH3


F235(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—H


F236(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—Cl


F237(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—Br


F238(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—F


F239(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—CH3


F240(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—CF3


F241(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—OCH3


F242(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—OCH2CH3


F243(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—OCF3


F244(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
-tert-butyl


F245(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
-iso-propyl


F246(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—Cl
—H


F247(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—Br
—H


F248(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—F
—H


F249(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—CH3
—H


F250(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—CF3
—H


F251(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—OCH3
—H


F252(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—OCH2CH3
—H


F253(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—OCF3
—H


F254(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
-tert-butyl
—H


F255(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
-iso-propyl
—H


F256(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—CH3
—CH3


F257(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—H


F258(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—CH3


F259(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—Cl


F260(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—Br


F261(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—F


F262(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—CF3


F263(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCH3


F264(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCH2CH3


F265(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


F266(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


F267(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


F268(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


F269(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


F270(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


F271(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—Cl
—H


F272(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—Br
—H


F273(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—F
—H


F274(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—CH3
—H


F275(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—CF3
—H


F276(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—OCH3
—H


F277(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—OCH2CH3
—H


F278(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—OCF3
—H


F279(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
-tert-butyl
—H


F280(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
-iso-propyl
—H


F281(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—CH3
—CH3


F282(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—H


F283(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—Cl


F284(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—Br


F285(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—F


F286(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—CH3


F287(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—CF3


F288(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—OCH3


F289(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—OCH2CH3


F290(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—OCF3


F291(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
-tert-butyl


F292(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
-iso-propyl


F293(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—Cl
—H


F294(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—Br
—H


F295(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—F
—H


F296(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—CH3
—H


F297(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—CF3
—H


F298(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—OCH3
—H


F299(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—OCH2CH3
—H


F300(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—OCF3
—H


F301(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
-tert-butyl
—H


F302(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
-iso-propyl
—H


F303(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—CH3
—CH3


F304(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—H


F305(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—Cl


F306(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—Br


F307(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—F


F308(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—CH3


F309(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—CF3


F310(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—OCH3


F311(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—OCH2CH3


F312(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—OCF3


F313(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
-tert-butyl


F314(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
-iso-propyl


F315(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—Cl
—H


F316(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—Br
—H


F317(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—F
—H


F318(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—CH3
—H


F319(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—CF3
—H


F320(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—OCH3
—H


F321(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—OCH2CH3
—H


F322(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—OCF3
—H


F323(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
-tert-butyl
—H


F324(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
-iso-propyl
—H


F325(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—CH3
—CH3


F326(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—H


F327(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—Cl


F328(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—Br


F329(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—F


F330(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—CH3


F331(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—CF3


F332(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—OCH3


F333(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—OCH2CH3


F334(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—OCF3


F335(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
-tert-butyl


F336(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
-iso-propyl


F337(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—Cl
—H


F338(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—Br
—H


F339(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—F
—H


F340(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—CH3
—H


F341(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—CF3
—H


F342(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—OCH3
—H


F343(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—OCH2CH3
—H


F344(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—OCF3
—H


F345(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
-tert-butyl
—H


F346(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
-iso-propyl
—H


F347(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—CH3
—CH3


F348(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—H


F349(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—Cl


F350(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—Br


F351(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—F


F352(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—CH3


F353(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—CF3


F354(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—OCH3


F355(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—OCH2CH3


F356(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—OCF3


F357(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
-tert-butyl


F358(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
-iso-propyl


F359(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—Cl
—H


F360(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—Br
—H


F361(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—F
—H


F362(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—CH3
—H


F363(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—CF3
—H


F364(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—OCH3
—H


F365(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—OCH2CH3
—H


F366(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—OCF3
—H


F367(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
-tert-butyl
—H


F368(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
-iso-propyl
—H


F369(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—CH3
—CH3


F370(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—H


F371(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—Cl


F372(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—Br


F373(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—F


F374(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—CH3


F375(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—CF3


F376(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—OCH3


F377(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—OCH2CH3


F378(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—OCF3


F379(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
-tert-butyl


F380(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
-iso-propyl


F381(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—Br
—H


F382(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—Cl
—H


F383(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—F
—H


F384(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—CH3
—H


F385(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—CF3
—H


F386(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—OCH3
—H


F387(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—OCH2CH3
—H


F388(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—OCF3
—H


F389(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
-tert-butyl
—H


F390(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
-iso-propyl
—H


F391(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—CH3
—CH3


F392(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—H


F393(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—Cl


F394(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—Br


F395(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—F


F396(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—CH3


F397(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—CF3


F398(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—OCH3


F399(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—OCH2CH3


F400(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—OCF3


F401(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
-tert-butyl


F402(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
-iso-propyl


F403(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—Br
—H


F404(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—Cl
—H


F405(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—F
—H


F406(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—CH3
—H


F407(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—CF3
—H


F408(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—OCH3
—H


F409(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—OCH2CH3
—H


F410(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—OCF3
—H


F411(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
-tert-butyl
—H


F412(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
-iso-propyl
—H


F413(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—CH3
—CH3


F414(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—H


F415(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—Cl


F416(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—Br


F417(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—F


F418(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—CH3


F419(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—CF3


F420(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—OCH3


F421(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—OCH2CH3


F422(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—OCF3


F423(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
-tert-butyl


F424(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
-iso-propyl


F425(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—Br
—H


F426(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—Cl
—H


F427(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—F
—H


F428(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—CH3
—H


F429(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—CF3
—H


F430(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—OCH3
—H


F431(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—OCH2CH3
—H


F432(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—OCF3
—H


F433(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
-tert-butyl
—H


F434(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
-iso-propyl
—H


F435(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—CH3
—CH3


F436(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—H


F437(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—Cl


F438(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—Br


F439(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—F


F440(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—CH3


F441(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—CF3


F442(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—OCH3


F443(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—OCH2CH3


F444(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—OCF3


F445(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
-tert-butyl


F446(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
-iso-propyl


F447(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—Cl
—H


F448(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—Br
—H


F449(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—F
—H


F450(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—CH3
—H


F451(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—CF3
—H


F452(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—OCH3
—H


F453(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—OCH2CH3
—H


F454(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—OCF3
—H


F455(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
-tert-butyl
—H


F456(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
-iso-propyl
—H


F457(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—CH3
—CH3


F458(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—H


F459(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—Cl


F460(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—Br


F461(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—F


F462(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—CH3


F463(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—CF3


F464(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—OCH3


F465(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—OCH2CH3


F466(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—OCF3


F467(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
-tert-butyl


F468(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
-iso-propyl


F469(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—Cl
—H


F470(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—Br
—H


F471(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—F
—H


F472(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—CH3
—H


F473(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—CF3
—H


F474(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—OCH3
—H


F475(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—OCH2CH3
—H


F476(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—OCF3
—H


F477(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
-tert-butyl
—H


F478(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
-iso-propyl
—H


F479(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—CH3
—CH3


F480(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—H


F481(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—CH3


F482(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—Cl


F483(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—Br


F484(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—F


F485(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—CF3


F486(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCH3


F487(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCH2CH3


F488(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


F489(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


F490(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


F491(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


F492(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


F493(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


F494(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—Cl
—H


F495(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—Br
—H


F496(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—F
—H


F497(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—CH3
—H


F498(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—CF3
—H


F499(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—OCH3
—H


F500(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—OCH2CH3
—H


F501(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—OCF3
—H


F502(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
-tert-butyl
—H


F503(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
-iso-propyl
—H


F504(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—CH3
—CH3


F505(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—H


F506(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—Cl


F507(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—Br


F508(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—F


F509(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—CH3


F510(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—CF3


F511(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—OCH3


F512(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—OCH2CH3


F513(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—OCF3


F514(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
-tert-butyl


F515(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
-iso-propyl


F516(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—Cl
—H


F517(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—Br
—H


F518(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—F
—H


F519(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—CH3
—H


F520(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—CF3
—H


F521(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—OCH3
—H


F522(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—OCH2CH3
—H


F523(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—OCF3
—H


F524(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
-tert-butyl
—H


F525(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
-iso-propyl
—H


F526(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—CH3
—CH3


F527(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—H


F528(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—Cl


F529(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—Br


F530(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—F


F531(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—CH3


F532(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—CF3


F533(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—OCH3


F534(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—OCH2CH3


F535(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—OCF3


F536(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
-tert-butyl


F537(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
-iso-propyl


F538(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—Cl
—H


F539(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—Br
—H


F540(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—F
—H


F541(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—CH3
—H


F542(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—CF3
—H


F543(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—OCH3
—H


F544(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—OCH2CH3
—H


F545(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—OCF3
—H


F546(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
-tert-butyl
—H


F547(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
-iso-propyl
—H


F548(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—CH3
—CH3


F549(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—H


F550(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—Cl


F551(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—Br


F552(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—F


F553(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—CH3


F554(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—CF3


F555(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—OCH3


F556(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—OCH2CH3


F557(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—OCF3


F558(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
-tert-butyl


F559(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
-iso-propyl


F560(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—Cl
—H


F561(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—Br
—H


F562(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—F
—H


F563(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—CH3
—H


F564(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—CF3
—H


F565(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—OCH3
—H


F566(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—OCH2CH3
—H


F567(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—OCF3
—H


F568(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
-tert-butyl
—H


F569(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
-iso-propyl
—H


F570(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—CH3
—CH3


F571(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—H


F572(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—Cl


F573(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—Br


F574(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—F


F575(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—CH3


F576(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—CF3


F577(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—OCH3


F578(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—OCH2CH3


F579(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—OCF3


F580(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
-tert-butyl


F581(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
-iso-propyl


F582(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—Cl
—H


F583(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—Br
—H


F584(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—F
—H


F585(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—CH3
—H


F586(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—CF3
—H


F587(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—OCH3
—H


F588(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—OCH2CH3
—H


F589(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—OCF3
—H


F590(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
-tert-butyl
—H


F591(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
-iso-propyl
—H


F592(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—CH3
—CH3


F593(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—H


F594(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—Cl


F595(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—Br


F596(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—F


F597(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—CH3


F598(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—CF3


F599(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—OCH3


F600(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—OCH2CH3


F601(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—OCF3


F602(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
-tert-butyl


F603(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
-iso-propyl


F604(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—Br
—H


F605(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—Cl
—H


F606(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—F
—H


F607(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—CH3
—H


F608(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—CF3
—H


F609(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—OCH3
—H


F610(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—OCH2CH3
—H


F611(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—OCF3
—H


F612(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
-tert-butyl
—H


F613(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
-iso-propyl
—H


F614(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—CH3
—CH3


F615(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—H


F616(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—Cl


F617(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—Br


F618(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—F


F619(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—CH3


F620(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—CF3


F621(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—OCH3


F622(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—OCH2CH3


F623(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—OCF3


F624(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
-tert-butyl


F625(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
-iso-propyl


F626(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—Br
—H


F627(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—Cl
—H


F628(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—F
—H


F629(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—CH3
—H


F630(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—CF3
—H


F631(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—OCH3
—H


F632(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—OCH2CH3
—H


F633(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—OCF3
—H


F634(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
-tert-butyl
—H


F635(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
-iso-propyl
—H


F636(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—CH3
—CH3


F637(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—H


F638(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—Cl


F639(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—Br


F640(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—F


F641(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—CH3


F642(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—CF3


F643(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—OCH3


F644(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—OCH2CH3


F645(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—OCF3


F646(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
-tert-butyl


F647(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
-iso-propyl


F648(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—Cl
—H


F649(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—Br
—H


F650(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—F
—H


F651(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—CH3
—H


F652(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—CF3
—H


F653(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—OCH3
—H


F654(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—OCH2CH3
—H


F655(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—OCF3
—H


F656(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
-tert-butyl
—H


F657(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
-iso-propyl
—H


F658(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—CH3
—CH3


F659(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—H


F660(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—Cl


F661(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—Br


F662(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—F


F663(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—CH3


F664(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—CF3


F665(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—OCH3


F666(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—OCH2CH3


F667(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—OCF3


F668(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
-tert-butyl


F669(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
-iso-propyl





(a) means that R12 is —H and R14 is —CH3.


(b) means that R12 is —CH3 and R14 is —H.


(c) means that R12 and R14 are each —H.














TABLE 7








(Ig)









 







and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, where:











Compound
Y
R1
(R8)a
(R8)b





G01(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—Cl
—H


G02(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—Br
—H


G03(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—F
—H


G04(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—CH3
—H


G05(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—CF3
—H


G06(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—OCH3
—H


G07(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—OCH2CH3
—H


G08(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—OCF3
—H


G09(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
-tert-butyl
—H


G10(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
-iso-propyl
—H


G11(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—CH3
—CH3


G12(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—H


G13(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—Cl


G14(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—Br


G15(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—F


G16(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—CH3


G17(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—CF3


G18(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—OCH3


G19(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—OCH2CH3


G20(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—OCF3


G21(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
-tert-butyl


G22(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
-iso-propyl


G23(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—Cl
—H


G24(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—Br
—H


G25(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—F
—H


G26(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—CH3
—H


G27(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—CF3
—H


G28(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—OCH3
—H


G29(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—OCH2CH3
—H


G30(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—OCF3
—H


G31(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
-tert-butyl
—H


G32(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
-iso-propyl
—H


G33(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—CH3
—CH3


G34(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—H


G35(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—Cl


G36(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—Br


G37(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—F


G38(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—CH3


G39(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—CF3


G40(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCH3


G41(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCH2CH3


G42(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


G43(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


G44(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


G45(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


G46(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


G47(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


G48(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—Cl
—H


G49(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—Br
—H


G50(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—F
—H


G51(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—CH3
—H


G52(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—CF3
—H


G53(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—OCH3
—H


G54(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—OCH2CH3
—H


G55(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—OCF3
—H


G56(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
-tert-butyl
—H


G57(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
-iso-propyl
—H


G58(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—CH3
—CH3


G59(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—H


G60(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—Cl


G61(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—Br


G62(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—F


G63(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—CH3


G64(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—CF3


G65(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—OCH3


G66(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—OCH2CH3


G67(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—OCF3


G68(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
-tert-butyl


G69(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
-iso-propyl


G70(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—Cl
—H


G71(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—Br
—H


G72(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—F
—H


G73(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—CH3
—H


G74(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—CF3
—H


G75(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—OCH3
—H


G76(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—OCH2CH3
—H


G77(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—OCF3
—H


G78(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
-tert-butyl
—H


G79(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
-iso-propyl
—H


G80(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—CH3
—CH3


G81(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—H


G82(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—Cl


G83(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—Br


G84(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—F


G85(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—CH3


G86(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—CF3


G87(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—OCH3


G88(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—OCH2CH3


G89(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—OCF3


G90(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
-tert-butyl


G91(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
-iso-propyl


G92(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—Cl
—H


G93(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—Br
—H


G94(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—F
—H


G95(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—CH3
—H


G96(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—CF3
—H


G97(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—OCH3
—H


G98(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—OCH2CH3
—H


G99(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—OCF3
—H


G100(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
-tert-butyl
—H


G101(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
-iso-propyl
—H


G102(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—CH3
—CH3


G103(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—H


G104(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—Cl


G105(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—Br


G106(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—F


G107(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—CH3


G108(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—CF3


G109(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—OCH3


G110(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—OCH2CH3


G111(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—OCF3


G112(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
-tert-butyl


G113(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
-iso-propyl


G114(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—Cl
—H


G115(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—Br
—H


G116(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—F
—H


G117(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—CH3
—H


G118(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—CF3
—H


G119(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—OCH3
—H


G120(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—OCH2CH3
—H


G121(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—OCF3
—H


G122(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
-tert-butyl
—H


G123(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
-iso-propyl
—H


G124(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—CH3
—CH3


G125(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—H


G126(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—Cl


G127(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—Br


G128(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—F


G129(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—CH3


G130(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—CF3


G131(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—OCH3


G132(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—OCH2CH3


G133(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—OCF3


G134(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
-tert-butyl


G135(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
-iso-propyl


G136(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—Cl
—H


G137(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—Br
—H


G138(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—F
—H


G139(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—CH3
—H


G140(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—CF3
—H


G141(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—OCH3
—H


G142(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—OCH2CH3
—H


G143(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—OCF3
—H


G144(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
-tert-butyl
—H


G145(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
-iso-propyl
—H


G146(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—CH3
—CH3


G147(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—H


G148(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—Cl


G149(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—Br


G150(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—F


G151(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—CH3


G152(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—CF3


G153(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—OCH3


G154(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—OCH2CH3


G155(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—OCF3


G156(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
-tert-butyl


G157(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
-iso-propyl


G158(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—Br
—H


G159(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—Cl
—H


G160(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—F
—H


G161(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—CH3
—H


G162(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—CF3
—H


G163(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—OCH3
—H


G164(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—OCH2CH3
—H


G165(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—OCF3
—H


G166(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
-tert-butyl
—H


G167(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
-iso-propyl
—H


G168(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—CH3
—CH3


G169(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—H


G170(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—Cl


G171(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—Br


G172(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—F


G173(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—CH3


G174(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—CF3


G175(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—OCH3


G176(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—OCH2CH3


G177(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—OCF3


G178(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
-tert-butyl


G179(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
-iso-propyl


G180(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—Br
—H


G181(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—Cl
—H


G182(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—F
—H


G183(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—CH3
—H


G184(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—CF3
—H


G185(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—OCH3
—H


G186(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—OCH2CH3
—H


G187(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—OCF3
—H


G188(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
-tert-butyl
—H


G189(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
-iso-propyl
—H


G190(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—CH3
—CH3


G191(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—H


G192(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—Cl


G193(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—Br


G194(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—F


G195(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—CH3


G196(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—CF3


G197(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—OCH3


G198(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—OCH2CH3


G199(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—OCF3


G200(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
-tert-butyl


G201(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
-iso-propyl


G202(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—Cl
—H


G203(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—Br
—H


G204(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—F
—H


G205(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—CH3
—H


G206(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—CF3
—H


G207(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—OCH3
—H


G208(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—OCH2CH3
—H


G209(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—OCF3
—H


G210(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
-tert-butyl
—H


G211(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
-iso-propyl
—H


G212(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—CH3
—CH3


G213(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—H


G214(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—Cl


G215(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—Br


G216(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—F


G217(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—CH3


G218(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—CF3


G219(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—OCH3


G220(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—OCH2CH3


G221(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—OCF3


G222(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
-tert-butyl


G223(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
-iso-propyl


G224(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—Cl
—H


G225(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—Br
—H


G226(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—F
—H


G227(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—CH3
—H


G228(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—CF3
—H


G229(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—OCH3
—H


G230(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—OCH2CH3
—H


G231(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—OCF3
—H


G232(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
-tert-butyl
—H


G233(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
-iso-propyl
—H


G234(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—CH3
—CH3


G235(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—H


G236(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—Cl


G237(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—Br


G238(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—F


G239(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—CH3


G240(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—CF3


G241(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—OCH3


G242(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—OCH2CH3


G243(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—OCF3


G244(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
-tert-butyl


G245(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
-iso-propyl


G246(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—Cl
—H


G247(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—Br
—H


G248(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—F
—H


G249(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—CH3
—H


G250(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—CF3
—H


G251(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—OCH3
—H


G252(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—OCH2CH3
—H


G253(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—OCF3
—H


G254(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
-tert-butyl
—H


G255(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
-iso-propyl
—H


G256(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—CH3
—CH3


G257(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—H


G258(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—CH3


G259(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—Cl


G260(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—Br


G261(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—F


G262(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—CF3


G263(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCH3


G264(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCH2CH3


G265(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


G266(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


G267(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


G268(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


G269(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


G270(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


G271(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—Cl
—H


G272(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—Br
—H


G273(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—F
—H


G274(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—CH3
—H


G275(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—CF3
—H


G276(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—OCH3
—H


G277(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—OCH2CH3
—H


G278(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—OCF3
—H


G279(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
-tert-butyl
—H


G280(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
-iso-propyl
—H


G281(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—CH3
—CH3


G282(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—H


G283(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—Cl


G284(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—Br


G285(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—F


G286(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—CH3


G287(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—CF3


G288(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—OCH3


G289(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—OCH2CH3


G290(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—OCF3


G291(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
-tert-butyl


G292(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
-iso-propyl


G293(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—Cl
—H


G294(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—Br
—H


G295(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—F
—H


G296(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—CH3
—H


G297(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—CF3
—H


G298(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—OCH3
—H


G299(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—OCH2CH3
—H


G300(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—OCF3
—H


G301(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
-tert-butyl
—H


G302(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
-iso-propyl
—H


G303(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—CH3
—CH3


G304(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—H


G305(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—Cl


G306(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—Br


G307(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—F


G308(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—CH3


G309(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—CF3


G310(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—OCH3


G311(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—OCH2CH3


G312(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—OCF3


G313(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
-tert-butyl


G314(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
-iso-propyl


G315(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—Cl
—H


G316(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—Br
—H


G317(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—F
—H


G318(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—CH3
—H


G319(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—CF3
—H


G320(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—OCH3
—H


G321(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—OCH2CH3
—H


G322(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—OCF3
—H


G323(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
-tert-butyl
—H


G324(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
-iso-propyl
—H


G325(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—CH3
—CH3


G326(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—H


G327(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—Cl


G328(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—Br


G329(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—F


G330(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—CH3


G331(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—CF3


G332(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—OCH3


G333(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—OCH2CH3


G334(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—OCF3


G335(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
-tert-butyl


G336(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
-iso-propyl


G337(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—Cl
—H


G338(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—Br
—H


G339(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—F
—H


G340(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—CH3
—H


G341(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—CF3
—H


G342(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—OCH3
—H


G343(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—OCH2CH3
—H


G344(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—OCF3
—H


G345(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
-tert-butyl
—H


G346(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
-iso-propyl
—H


G347(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—CH3
—CH3


G348(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—H


G349(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—Cl


G350(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—Br


G351(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—F


G352(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—CH3


G353(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—CF3


G354(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—OCH3


G355(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—OCH2CH3


G356(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—OCF3


G357(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
-tert-butyl


G358(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
-iso-propyl


G359(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—Cl
—H


G360(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—Br
—H


G361(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—F
—H


G362(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—CH3
—H


G363(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—CF3
—H


G364(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—OCH3
—H


G365(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—OCH2CH3
—H


G366(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—OCF3
—H


G367(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
-tert-butyl
—H


G368(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
-iso-propyl
—H


G369(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—CH3
—CH3


G370(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—H


G371(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—Cl


G372(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—Br


G373(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—F


G374(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—CH3


G375(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—CF3


G376(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—OCH3


G377(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—OCH2CH3


G378(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—OCF3


G379(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
-tert-butyl


G380(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
-iso-propyl


G381(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—Br
—H


G382(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—Cl
—H


G383(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—F
—H


G384(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—CH3
—H


G385(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—CF3
—H


G386(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—OCH3
—H


G387(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—OCH2CH3
—H


G388(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—OCF3
—H


G389(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
-tert-butyl
—H


G390(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
-iso-propyl
—H


G391(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—CH3
—CH3


G392(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—H


G393(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—Cl


G394(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—Br


G395(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—F


G396(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—CH3


G397(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—CF3


G398(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—OCH3


G399(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—OCH2CH3


G400(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—OCF3


G401(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
-tert-butyl


G402(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
-iso-propyl


G403(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—Br
—H


G404(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—Cl
—H


G405(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—F
—H


G406(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—CH3
—H


G407(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—CF3
—H


G408(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—OCH3
—H


G409(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—OCH2CH3
—H


G410(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—OCF3
—H


G411(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
-tert-butyl
—H


G412(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
-iso-propyl
—H


G413(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—CH3
—CH3


G414(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—H


G415(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—Cl


G416(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—Br


G417(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—F


G418(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—CH3


G419(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—CF3


G420(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—OCH3


G421(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—OCH2CH3


G422(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—OCF3


G423(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
-tert-butyl


G424(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
-iso-propyl


G425(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—Cl
—H


G426(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—Br
—H


G427(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—F
—H


G428(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—CH3
—H


G429(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—CF3
—H


G430(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—OCH3
—H


G431(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—OCH2CH3
—H


G432(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—OCF3
—H


G433(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
-tert-butyl
—H


G434(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
-iso-propyl
—H


G435(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—CH3
—CH3


G436(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—H


G437(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—Cl


G438(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—Br


G439(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—F


G440(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—CH3


G441(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—CF3


G442(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—OCH3


G443(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—OCH2CH3


G444(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—OCF3


G445(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
-tert-butyl


G446(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
-iso-propyl


G447(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—Cl
—H


G448(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—Br
—H


G449(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—F
—H


G450(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—CH3
—H


G451(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—CF3
—H


G452(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—OCH3
—H


G453(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—OCH2CH3
—H


G454(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—OCF3
—H


G455(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
-tert-butyl
—H


G456(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
-iso-propyl
—H


G457(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—CH3
—CH3


G458(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—H


G459(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—Cl


G460(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—Br


G461(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—F


G462(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—CH3


G463(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—CF3


G464(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—OCH3


G465(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—OCH2CH3


G466(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—OCF3


G467(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
-tert-butyl


G468(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
-iso-propyl


G469(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—Cl
—H


G470(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—Br
—H


G471(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—F
—H


G472(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—CH3
—H


G473(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—CF3
—H


G474(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—OCH3
—H


G475(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—OCH2CH3
—H


G476(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—OCF3
—H


G477(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
-tert-butyl
—H


G478(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
-iso-propyl
—H


G479(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—CH3
—CH3


G480(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—H


G481(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—CH3


G482(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—Cl


G483(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—Br


G484(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—F


G485(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—CF3


G486(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCH3


G487(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCH2CH3


G488(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


G489(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


G490(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


G491(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


G492(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


G493(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


G494(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—Cl
—H


G495(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—Br
—H


G496(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—F
—H


G497(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—CH3
—H


G498(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—CF3
—H


G499(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—OCH3
—H


G500(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—OCH2CH3
—H


G501(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—OCF3
—H


G502(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
-tert-butyl
—H


G503(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
-iso-propyl
—H


G504(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—CH3
—CH3


G505(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—H


G506(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—Cl


G507(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—Br


G508(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—F


G509(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—CH3


G510(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—CF3


G511(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—OCH3


G512(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—OCH2CH3


G513(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—OCF3


G514(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
-tert-butyl


G515(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
-iso-propyl


G516(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—Cl
—H


G517(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—Br
—H


G518(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—F
—H


G519(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—CH3
—H


G520(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—CF3
—H


G521(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—OCH3
—H


G522(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—OCH2CH3
—H


G523(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—OCF3
—H


G524(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
-tert-butyl
—H


G525(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
-iso-propyl
—H


G526(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—CH3
—CH3


G527(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—H


G528(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—Cl


G529(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—Br


G530(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—F


G531(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—CH3


G532(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—CF3


G533(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—OCH3


G534(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—OCH2CH3


G535(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—OCF3


G536(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
-tert-butyl


G537(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
-iso-propyl


G538(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—Cl
—H


G539(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—Br
—H


G540(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—F
—H


G541(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—CH3
—H


G542(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—CF3
—H


G543(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—OCH3
—H


G544(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—OCH2CH3
—H


G545(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—OCF3
—H


G546(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
-tert-butyl
—H


G547(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
-iso-propyl
—H


G548(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—CH3
—CH3


G549(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—H


G550(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—Cl


G551(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—Br


G552(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—F


G553(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—CH3


G554(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—CF3


G555(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—OCH3


G556(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—OCH2CH3


G557(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—OCF3


G558(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
-tert-butyl


G559(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
-iso-propyl


G560(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—Cl
—H


G561(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—Br
—H


G562(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—F
—H


G563(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—CH3
—H


G564(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—CF3
—H


G565(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—OCH3
—H


G566(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—OCH2CH3
—H


G567(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—OCF3
—H


G568(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
-tert-butyl
—H


G569(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
-iso-propyl
—H


G570(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—CH3
—CH3


G571(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—H


G572(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—Cl


G573(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—Br


G574(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—F


G575(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—CH3


G576(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—CF3


G577(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—OCH3


G578(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—OCH2CH3


G579(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—OCF3


G580(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
-tert-butyl


G581(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
-iso-propyl


G582(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—Cl
—H


G583(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—Br
—H


G584(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—F
—H


G585(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—CH3
—H


G586(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—CF3
—H


G587(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—OCH3
—H


G588(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—OCH2CH3
—H


G589(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—OCF3
—H


G590(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
-tert-butyl
—H


G591(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
-iso-propyl
—H


G592(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—CH3
—CH3


G593(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—H


G594(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—Cl


G595(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—Br


G596(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—F


G597(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—CH3


G598(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—CF3


G599(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—OCH3


G600(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—OCH2CH3


G601(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—OCF3


G602(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
-tert-butyl


G603(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
-iso-propyl


G604(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—Br
—H


G605(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—Cl
—H


G606(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—F
—H


G607(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—CH3
—H


G608(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—CF3
—H


G609(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—OCH3
—H


G610(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—OCH2CH3
—H


G611(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—OCF3
—H


G612(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
-tert-butyl
—H


G613(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
-iso-propyl
—H


G614(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—CH3
—CH3


G615(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—H


G616(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—Cl


G617(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—Br


G618(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—F


G619(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—CH3


G620(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—CF3


G621(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—OCH3


G622(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—OCH2CH3


G623(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—OCF3


G624(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
-tert-butyl


G625(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
-iso-propyl


G626(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—Br
—H


G627(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—Cl
—H


G628(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—F
—H


G629(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—CH3
—H


G630(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—CF3
—H


G631(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—OCH3
—H


G632(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—OCH2CH3
—H


G633(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—OCF3
—H


G634(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
-tert-butyl
—H


G635(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
-iso-propyl
—H


G636(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—CH3
—CH3


G637(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—H


G638(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—Cl


G639(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—Br


G640(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—F


G641(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—CH3


G642(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—CF3


G643(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—OCH3


G644(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—OCH2CH3


G645(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—OCF3


G646(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
-tert-butyl


G647(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
-iso-propyl


G648(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—Cl
—H


G649(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—Br
—H


G650(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—F
—H


G651(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—CH3
—H


G652(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—CF3
—H


G653(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—OCH3
—H


G654(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—OCH2CH3
—H


G655(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—OCF3
—H


G656(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
-tert-butyl
—H


G657(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
-iso-propyl
—H


G658(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—CH3
—CH3


G659(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—H


G660(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—Cl


G661(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—Br


G662(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—F


G663(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—CH3


G664(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—CF3


G665(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—OCH3


G666(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—OCH2CH3


G667(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—OCF3


G668(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
-tert-butyl


G669(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
-iso-propyl





(a) means that R12 is —H and R14 is —CH3.


(b) means that R12 is —CH3 and R14 is —H.


(c) means that R12 and R14 are each —H.














TABLE 8








(Ih)









 







and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, where:











Compound
Y
R1
(R8)a
(R8)b





H01(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—Cl
—H


H02(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—Br
—H


H03(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—F
—H


H04(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—CH3
—H


H05(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—CF3
—H


H06(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—OCH3
—H


H07(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—OCH2CH3
—H


H08(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—OCF3
—H


H09(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
-tert-butyl
—H


H10(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
-iso-propyl
—H


H11(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—CH3
—CH3


H12(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—H


H13(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—Cl


H14(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—Br


H15(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—F


H16(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—CH3


H17(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—CF3


H18(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—OCH3


H19(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—OCH2CH3


H20(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
—OCF3


H21(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
-tert-butyl


H22(a), (b), and (c)
S
—H
—H
-iso-propyl


H23(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—Cl
—H


H24(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—Br
—H


H25(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—F
—H


H26(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—CH3
—H


H27(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—CF3
—H


H28(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—OCH3
—H


H29(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—OCH2CH3
—H


H30(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—OCF3
—H


H31(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
-tert-butyl
—H


H32(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
-iso-propyl
—H


H33(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—CH3
—CH3


H34(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—H


H35(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—Cl


H36(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—Br


H37(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—F


H38(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—CH3


H39(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—CF3


H40(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCH3


H41(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCH2CH3


H42(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


H43(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


H44(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


H45(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


H46(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


H47(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


H48(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—Cl
—H


H49(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—Br
—H


H50(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—F
—H


H51(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—CH3
—H


H52(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—CF3
—H


H53(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—OCH3
—H


H54(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—OCH2CH3
—H


H55(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—OCF3
—H


H56(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
-tert-butyl
—H


H57(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
-iso-propyl
—H


H58(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—CH3
—CH3


H59(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—H


H60(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—Cl


H61(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—Br


H62(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—
—F


H63(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—CH3


H64(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—CF3


H65(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—OCH3


H66(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—OCH2CH3


H67(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—OCF3


H68(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
-tert-butyl


H69(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
-iso-propyl


H70(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—Cl
—H


H71(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—Br
—H


H72(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—F
—H


H73(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—CH3
—H


H74(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—CF3
—H


H75(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—OCH3
—H


H76(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—OCH2CH3
—H


H77(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—OCF3
—H


H78(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
-tert-butyl
—H


H79(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
-iso-propyl
—H


H80(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—CH3
—CH3


H81(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—H


H82(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—Cl


H83(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—Br


H84(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—F


H85(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—CH3


H86(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—CF3


H87(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—OCH3


H88(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—OCH2CH3


H89(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—OCF3


H90(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
-tert-butyl


H91(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
-iso-propyl


H92(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—Cl
—H


H93(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—Br
—H


H94(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—F
—H


H95(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—CH3
—H


H96(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—CF3
—H


H97(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—OCH3
—H


H98(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—OCH2CH3
—H


H99(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—OCF3
—H


H100(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
-tert-butyl
—H


H101(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
-iso-propyl
—H


H102(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—CH3
—CH3


H103(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—H


H104(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—Cl


H105(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—Br


H106(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—F


H107(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—CH3


H108(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—CF3


H109(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—OCH3


H110(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—OCH2CH3


H111(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—OCF3


H112(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
-tert-butyl


H113(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
-iso-propyl


H114(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—Cl
—H


H115(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—Br
—H


H116(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—F
—H


H117(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—CH3
—H


H118(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—CF3
—H


H119(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—OCH3
—H


H120(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—OCH2CH3
—H


H121(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—OCF3
—H


H122(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
-tert-butyl
—H


H123(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
-iso-propyl
—H


H124(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—CH3
—CH3


H125(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—H


H126(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—Cl


H127(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—Br


H128(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—F


H129(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—CH3


H130(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—CF3


H131(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—OCH3


H132(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—OCH2CH3


H133(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—OCF3


H134(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
-tert-butyl


H135(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
-iso-propyl


H136(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—Cl
—H


H137(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—Br
—H


H138(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—F
—H


H139(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—CH3
—H


H140(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—CF3
—H


H141(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—OCH3
—H


H142(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—OCH2CH3
—H


H143(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—OCF3
—H


H144(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
-tert-butyl
—H


H145(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
-iso-propyl
—H


H146(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—CH3
—CH3


H147(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—H


H148(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—Cl


H149(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—Br


H150(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—F


H151(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—CH3


H152(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—CF3


H153(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—OCH3


H154(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—OCH2CH3


H155(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—OCF3


H156(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
-tert-butyl


H157(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
-iso-propyl


H158(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—Br
—H


H159(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—Cl
—H


H160(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—F
—H


H161(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—CH3
—H


H162(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—CF3
—H


H163(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—OCH3
—H


H164(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—OCH2CH3
—H


H165(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—OCF3
—H


H166(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
-tert-butyl
—H


H167(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
-iso-propyl
—H


H168(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—CH3
—CH3


H169(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—H


H170(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—Cl


H171(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—Br


H172(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—F


H173(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—CH3


H174(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—CF3


H175(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—OCH3


H176(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—OCH2CH3


H177(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—OCF3


H178(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
-tert-butyl


H179(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
-iso-propyl


H180(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—Br
—H


H181(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—Cl
—H


H182(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—F
—H


H183(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—CH3
—H


H184(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—CF3
—H


H185(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—OCH3
—H


H186(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—OCH2CH3
—H


H187(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—OCF3
—H


H188(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
-tert-butyl
—H


H189(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
-iso-propyl
—H


H190(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—CH3
—CH3


H191(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—H


H192(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—Cl


H193(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—Br


H194(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—F


H195(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—CH3


H196(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—CF3


H197(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—OCH3


H198(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—OCH2CH3


H199(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—OCF3


H200(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
-tert-butyl


H201(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
-iso-propyl


H202(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—Cl
—H


H203(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—Br
—H


H204(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—F
—H


H205(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—CH3
—H


H206(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—CF3
—H


H207(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—OCH3
—H


H208(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—OCH2CH3
—H


H209(a), (b), and (c)
5
—I
—OCF3
—H


H210(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
-tert-butyl
—H


H211(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
-iso-propyl
—H


H212(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—CH3
—CH3


H213(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—H


H214(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—Cl


H215(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—Br


H216(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—F


H217(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—CH3


H218(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—CF3


H219(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—OCH3


H220(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—OCH2CH3


H221(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—OCF3


H222(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
-tert-butyl


H223(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
-iso-propyl


H224(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—Cl
—H


H225(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—Br
—H


H226(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—F
—H


H227(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—CH3
—H


H228(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—CF3
—H


H229(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—OCH3
—H


H230(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—OCH2CH3
—H


H231(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—OCF3
—H


H232(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
-tert-butyl
—H


H233(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
-iso-propyl
—H


H234(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—CH3
—CH3


H235(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—H


H236(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—Cl


H237(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—Br


H238(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—F


H239(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—CH3


H240(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—CF3


H241(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—OCH3


H242(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—OCH2CH3


H243(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
—OCF3


H244(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
-tert-butyl


H245(a), (b), and (c)
O
—H
—H
-iso-propyl


H246(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—Cl
—H


H247(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—Br
—H


H248(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—F
—H


H249(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—CH3
—H


H250(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—CF3
—H


H251(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—OCH3
—H


H252(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—OCH2CH3
—H


H253(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—OCF3
—H


H254(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
-tert-butyl
—H


H255(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
-iso-propyl
—H


H256(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—CH3
—CH3


H257(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—H


H258(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—CH3


H259(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—Cl


H260(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—Br


H261(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—F


H262(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—CF3


H263(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCH3


H264(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCH2CH3


H265(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


H266(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


H267(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


H268(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


H269(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


H270(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


H271(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—Cl
—H


H272(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—Br
—H


H273(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—F
—H


H274(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—CH3
—H


H275(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—CF3
—H


H276(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—OCH3
—H


H277(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—OCH2CH3
—H


H278(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—OCF3
—H


H279(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
-tert-butyl
—H


H280(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
-iso-propyl
—H


H281(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—CH3
—CH3


H282(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—H


H283(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—Cl


H284(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—Br


H285(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—F


H286(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—CH3


H287(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—CF3


H288(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—OCH3


H289(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—OCH2CH3


H290(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—OCF3


H291(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
-tert-butyl


H292(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
-iso-propyl


H293(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—Cl
—H


H294(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—Br
—H


H295(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—F
—H


H296(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—CH3
—H


H297(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—CF3
—H


H298(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—OCH3
—H


H299(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—OCH2CH3
—H


H300(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—OCF3
—H


H301(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
-tert-butyl
—H


H302(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
-iso-propyl
—H


H303(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—CH3
—CH3


H304(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—H


H305(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—Cl


H306(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—Br


H307(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—F


H308(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—CH3


H309(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—CF3


H310(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—OCH3


H311(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—OCH2CH3


H312(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—OCF3


H313(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
-tert-butyl


H314(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
-iso-propyl


H315(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—Cl
—H


H316(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—Br
—H


H317(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—F
—H


H318(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—CH3
—H


H319(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—CF3
—H


H320(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—OCH3
—H


H321(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—OCH2CH3
—H


H322(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—OCF3
—H


H323(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
-tert-butyl
—H


H324(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
-iso-propyl
—H


H325(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—CH3
—CH3


H326(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—H


H327(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—Cl


H328(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—Br


H329(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—F


H330(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—CH3


H331(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—CF3


H332(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—OCH3


H333(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—OCH2CH3


H334(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—OCF3


H335(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
-tert-butyl


H336(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
-iso-propyl


H337(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—Cl
—H


H338(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—Br
—H


H339(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—F
—H


H340(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—CH3
—H


H341(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—CF3
—H


H342(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—OCH3
—H


H343(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—OCH2CH3
—H


H344(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—OCF3
—H


H345(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
-tert-butyl
—H


H346(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
-iso-propyl
—H


H347(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—CH3
—CH3


H348(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—H


H349(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—Cl


H350(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—Br


H351(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—F


H352(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—CH3


H353(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—CF3


H354(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—OCH3


H355(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—OCH2CH3


H356(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—OCF3


H357(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
-tert-butyl


H358(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
-iso-propyl


H359(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—Cl
—H


H360(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—Br
—H


H361(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—F
—H


H362(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—CH3
—H


H363(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—CF3
—H


H364(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—OCH3
—H


H365(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—OCH2CH3
—H


H366(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—OCF3
—H


H367(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
-tert-butyl
—H


H368(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
-iso-propyl
—H


H369(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—CH3
—CH3


H370(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—H


H371(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—Cl


H372(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—Br


H373(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—F


H374(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—CH3


H375(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—CF3


H376(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—OCH3


H377(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—OCH2CH3


H378(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—OCF3


H379(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
-tert-butyl


H380(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
-iso-propyl


H381(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—Br
—H


H382(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—Cl
—H


H383(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—F
—H


H384(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—CH3
—H


H385(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—CF3
—H


H386(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—OCH3
—H


H387(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—OCH2CH3
—H


H388(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—OCF3
—H


H389(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
-tert-butyl
—H


H390(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
-iso-propyl
—H


H391(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—CH3
—CH3


H392(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—H


H393(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—Cl


H394(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—Br


H395(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—F


H396(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—CH3


H397(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—CF3


H398(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—OCH3


H399(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—OCH2CH3


H400(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—OCF3


H401(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
-tert-butyl


H402(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
-iso-propyl


H403(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—Br
—H


H404(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—Cl
—H


H405(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—F
—H


H406(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—CH3
—H


H407(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—CF3
—H


H408(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—OCH3
—H


H409(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—OCH2CH3
—H


H410(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—OCF3
—H


H411(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
-tert-butyl
—H


H412(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
-iso-propyl
—H


H413(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—CH3
—CH3


H414(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—H


H415(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—Cl


H416(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—Br


H417(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—F


H418(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—CH3


H419(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—CF3


H420(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—OCH3


H421(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—OCH2CH3


H422(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—OCF3


H423(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
-tert-butyl


H424(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
-iso-propyl


H425(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—Cl
—H


H426(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—Br
—H


H427(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—F
—H


H428(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—CH3
—H


H429(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—CF3
—H


H430(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—OCH3
—H


H431(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—OCH2CH3
—H


H432(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—OCF3
—H


H433(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
-tert-butyl
—H


H434(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
-iso-propyl
—H


H435(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—CH3
—CH3


H436(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—H


H437(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—Cl


H438(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—Br


H439(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—F


H440(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—CH3


H441(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—CF3


H442(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—OCH3


H443(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—OCH2CH3


H444(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—OCF3


H445(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
-tert-butyl


H446(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
-iso-propyl


H447(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—Cl
—H


H448(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—Br
—H


H449(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—F
—H


H450(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—CH3
—H


H451(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—CF3
—H


H452(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—OCH3
—H


H453(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—OCH2CH3
—H


H454(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—OCF3
—H


H455(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
-tert-butyl
—H


H456(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
-iso-propyl
—H


H457(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—CH3
—CH3


H458(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—H


H459(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—Cl


H460(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—Br


H461(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—F


H462(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—CH3


H463(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—CF3


H464(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—OCH3


H465(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—OCH2CH3


H466(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
—OCF3


H467(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
-tert-butyl


H468(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—H
—H
-iso-propyl


H469(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—Cl
—H


H470(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—Br
—H


H471(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—F
—H


H472(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—CH3
—H


H473(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—CF3
—H


H474(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—OCH3
—H


H475(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—OCH2CH3
—H


H476(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—OCF3
—H


H477(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
-tert-butyl
—H


H478(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
-iso-propyl
—H


H479(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—CH3
—CH3


H480(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—H


H481(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—CH3


H482(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—Cl


H483(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—Br


H484(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—F


H485(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—CF3


H486(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCH3


H487(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCH2CH3


H488(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


H489(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


H490(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


H491(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


H492(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


H493(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


H494(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—Cl
—H


H495(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—Br
—H


H496(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—F
—H


H497(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—CH3
—H


H498(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—CF3
—H


H499(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—OCH3
—H


H500(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—OCH2CH3
—H


H501(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—OCF3
—H


H502(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
-tert-butyl
—H


H503(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
-iso-propyl
—H


H504(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—CH3
—CH3


H505(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—H


H506(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—Cl


H507(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—Br


H508(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—F


H509(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—CH3


H510(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—CF3


H511(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—OCH3


H512(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—OCH2CH3


H513(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—OCF3


H514(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
-tert-butyl


H515(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
-iso-propyl


H516(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—Cl
—H


H517(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—Br
—H


H518(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—F
—H


H519(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—CH3
—H


H520(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—CF3
—H


H521(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—OCH3
—H


H522(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—OCH2CH3
—H


H523(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—OCF3
—H


H524(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
-tert-butyl
—H


H525(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
-iso-propyl
—H


H526(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—CH3
—CH3


H527(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—H


H528(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—Cl


H529(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—Br


H530(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—F


H531(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—CH3


H532(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—CF3


H533(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—OCH3


H534(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—OCH2CH3


H535(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—OCF3


H536(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
-tert-butyl


H537(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
-iso-propyl


H538(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—Cl
—H


H539(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—Br
—H


H540(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—F
—H


H541(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—CH3
—H


H542(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—CF3
—H


H543(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—OCH3
—H


H544(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—OCH2CH3
—H


H545(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—OCF3
—H


H546(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
-tert-butyl
—H


H547(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
-iso-propyl
—H


H548(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—CH3
—CH3


H549(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—H


H550(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—Cl


H551(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—Br


H552(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—F


H553(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—CH3


H554(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—CF3


H555(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—OCH3


H556(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—OCH2CH3


H557(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—OCF3


H558(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
-tert-butyl


H559(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
-iso-propyl


H560(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—Cl
—H


H561(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—Br
—H


H562(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—F
—H


H563(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—CH3
—H


H564(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—CF3
—H


H565(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—OCH3
—H


H566(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—OCH2CH3
—H


H567(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—OCF3
—H


H568(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
-tert-butyl
—H


H569(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
-iso-propyl
—H


H570(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—CH3
—CH3


H571(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—H


H572(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—Cl


H573(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—Br


H574(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—F


H575(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—CH3


H576(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—CF3


H577(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—OCH3


H578(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—OCH2CH3


H579(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—OCF3


H580(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
-tert-butyl


H581(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
-iso-propyl


H582(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—Cl
—H


H583(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—Br
—H


H584(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—F
—H


H585(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—CH3
—H


H586(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—CF3
—H


H587(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—OCH3
—H


H588(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—OCH2CH3
—H


H589(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—OCF3
—H


H590(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
-tert-butyl
—H


H591(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
-iso-propyl
—H


H592(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—CH3
—CH3


H593(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—H


H594(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—Cl


H595(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—Br


H596(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—F


H597(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—CH3


H598(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—CF3


H599(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—OCH3


H600(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—OCH2CH3


H601(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—OCF3


H602(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
-tert-butyl


H603(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
-iso-propyl


H604(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—Br
—H


H605(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—Cl
—H


H606(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—F
—H


H607(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—CH3
—H


H608(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—CF3
—H


H609(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—OCH3
—H


H610(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—OCH2CH3
—H


H611(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—OCF3
—H


H612(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
-tert-butyl
—H


H613(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
-iso-propyl
—H


H614(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—CH3
—CH3


H615(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—H


H616(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—Cl


H617(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—Br


H618(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—F


H619(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—CH3


H620(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—CF3


H621(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—OCH3


H622(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—OCH2CH3


H623(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—OCF3


H624(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
-tert-butyl


H625(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
-iso-propyl


H626(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—Br
—H


H627(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—Cl
—H


H628(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—F
—H


H629(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—CH3
—H


H630(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—CF3
—H


H631(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—OCH3
—H


H632(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—OCH2CH3
—H


H633(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—OCF3
—H


H634(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
-tert-butyl
—H


H635(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
-iso-propyl
—H


H636(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—CH3
—CH3


H637(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—H


H638(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—Cl


H639(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—Br


H640(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—F


H641(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—CH3


H642(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—CF3


H643(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—OCH3


H644(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—OCH2CH3


H645(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—OCF3


H646(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
-tert-butyl


H647(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
-iso-propyl


H648(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—Cl
—H


H649(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—Br
—H


H650(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—F
—H


H651(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—CH3
—H


H652(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—CF3
—H


H653(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—OCH3
—H


H654(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—OCH2CH3
—H


H655(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—OCF3
—H


H656(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
-tert-butyl
—H


H657(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
-iso-propyl
—H


H658(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—CH3
—CH3


H659(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—H


H660(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—Cl


H661(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—Br


H662(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—F


H663(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—CH3


H664(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—CF3


H665(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—OCH3


H666(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—OCH2CH3


H667(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—OCF3


H668(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
-tert-butyl


H669(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
-iso-propyl





(a) means that R12 is —H and R14 is —CH3.


(b) means that R12 is —CH3 and R14 is —H.


(c) means that R12 and R14 are each —H.













TABLE 9







(IIa)








 


and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, where:











Compound
Y
R1
(R8)a
(R8)b





I01(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—Cl
—H


I02(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—Br
—H


I03(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—F
—H


I04(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—CH3
—H


I05(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—CF3
—H


I06(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—OCH3
—H


I07(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—OCH2CH3
—H


I08(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—OCF3
—H


I09(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
-tert-butyl
—H


I10(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
-iso-propyl
—H


I11(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—CH3
—CH3


I12(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—H


I13(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—Cl


I14(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—Br


I15(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—F


I16(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—CH3


I17(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—CF3


I18(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCH3


I19(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCH2CH3


I20(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


I21(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


I22(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


I23(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


I24(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


I25(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


I26(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—Cl
—H


I27(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—Br
—H


I28(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—F
—H


I29(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—CH3
—H


I30(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—CF3
—H


I31(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—OCH3
—H


I32(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—OCH2CH3
—H


I33(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—OCF3
—H


I34(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
-tert-butyl
—H


I35(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
-iso-propyl
—H


I36(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—CH3
—CH3


I37(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—H


I38(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—Cl


I39(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—Br


I40(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—F


I41(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—CH3


I42(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—CF3


I43(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—OCH3


I44(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—OCH2CH3


I45(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
—OCF3


I46(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
-tert-butyl


I47(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CH3
—H
-iso-propyl


I48(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—Cl
—H


I49(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—Br
—H


I50(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—F
—H


I51(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—CH3
—H


I52(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—CF3
—H


I53(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—OCH3
—H


I54(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—OCH2CH3
—H


I55(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—OCF3
—H


I56(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
-tert-butyl
—H


I57(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
-iso-propyl
—H


I58(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—CH3
—CH3


I59(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—H


I60(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—Cl


I61(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—Br


I62(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—F


I63(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—CH3


I64(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—CF3


I65(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—OCH3


I66(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—OCH2CH3


I67(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
—OCF3


I68(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
-tert-butyl


I69(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CF3
—H
-iso-propyl


I70(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—Cl
—H


I71(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—Br
—H


I72(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—F
—H


I73(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—CH3
—H


I74(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—CF3
—H


I75(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—OCH3
—H


I76(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—OCH2CH3
—H


I77(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—OCF3
—H


I78(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
-tert-butyl
—H


I79(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
-iso-propyl
—H


I80(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—CH3
—CH3


I81(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—H


I82(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—Cl


I83(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—Br


I84(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—F


I85(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—CH3


I86(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—CF3


I87(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—OCH3


I88(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—OCH2CH3


I89(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
—OCF3


I90(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
-tert-butyl


I91(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CHF2
—H
-iso-propyl


I92(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—Cl
—H


I93(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—Br
—H


I94(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—F
—H


I95(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—CH3
—H


I96(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—CF3
—H


I97(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—OCH3
—H


I98(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—OCH2CH3
—H


I99(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—OCF3
—H


I100(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
-tert-butyl
—H


I101(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
-iso-propyl
—H


I102(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—CH3
—CH3


I103(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—H


I104(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—Cl


I105(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—Br


I106(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—F


I107(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—CH3


I108(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—CF3


I109(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—OCH3


I110(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—OCH2CH3


I111(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
—OCF3


I112(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
-tert-butyl


I113(a), (b), and (c)
S
—OH
—H
-iso-propyl


I114(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—Cl
—H


I115(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—Br
—H


I116(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—F
—H


I117(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—CH3
—H


I118(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—CF3
—H


I119(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—OCH3
—H


I120(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—OCH2CH3
—H


I121(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—OCF3
—H


I122(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
-tert-butyl
—H


I123(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
-iso-propyl
—H


I124(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—CH3
—CH3


I125(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—H


I126(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—Cl


I127(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—Br


I128(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—F


I129(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—CH3


I130(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—CF3


I131(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—OCH3


I132(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—OCH2CH3


I133(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
—OCF3


I134(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
-tert-butyl


I135(a), (b), and (c)
S
—NO2
—H
-iso-propyl


I136(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—Br
—H


I137(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—Cl
—H


I138(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—F
—H


I139(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—CH3
—H


I140(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—CF3
—H


I141(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—OCH3
—H


I142(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—OCH2CH3
—H


I143(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—OCF3
—H


I144(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
-tert-butyl
—H


I145(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
-iso-propyl
—H


I146(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—CH3
—CH3


I147(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—H


I148(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—Cl


I149(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—Br


I150(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—F


I151(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—CH3


I152(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—CF3


I153(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—OCH3


I154(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—OCH2CH3


I155(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
—OCF3


I156(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
-tert-butyl


I157(a), (b), and (c)
S
—CN
—H
-iso-propyl


I158(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—Br
—H


I159(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—Cl
—H


I160(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—F
—H


I161(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—CH3
—H


I162(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—CF3
—H


I163(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—OCH3
—H


I164(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—OCH2CH3
—H


I165(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—OCF3
—H


I166(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
-tert-butyl
—H


I167(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
-iso-propyl
—H


I168(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—CH3
—CH3


I169(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—H


I170(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—Cl


I171(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—Br


I172(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—F


I173(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—CH3


I174(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—CF3


I175(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—OCH3


I176(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—OCH2CH3


I177(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
—OCF3


I178(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
-tert-butyl


I179(a), (b), and (c)
S
—Br
—H
-iso-propyl


I180(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—Cl
—H


I181(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—Br
—H


I182(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—F
—H


I183(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—CH3
—H


I184(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—CF3
—H


I185(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—OCH3
—H


I186(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—OCH2CH3
—H


I187(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—OCF3
—H


I188(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
-tert-butyl
—H


I189(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
-iso-propyl
—H


I190(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—CH3
—CH3


I191(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—H


I192(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—Cl


I193(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—Br


I194(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—F


I195(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—CH3


I196(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—CF3


I197(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—OCH3


I198(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—OCH2CH3


I199(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
—OCF3


I200(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
-tert-butyl


I201(a), (b), and (c)
S
—I
—H
-iso-propyl


I202(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—Cl
—H


I203(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—Br
—H


I204(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—F
—H


I205(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—CH3
—H


I206(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—CF3
—H


I207(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—OCH3
—H


I208(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—OCH2CH3
—H


I209(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—OCF3
—H


I210(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
-tert-butyl
—H


I211(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
-iso-propyl
—H


I212(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—CH3
—CH3


I213(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—H


I214(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—CH3


I215(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—Cl


I216(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—Br


I217(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—F


I218(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—CF3


I219(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCH3


I220(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCH2CH3


I221(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


I222(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


I223(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


I224(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


I225(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


I226(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


I227(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—Cl
—H


I228(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—Br
—H


I229(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—F
—H


I230(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—CH3
—H


I231(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—CF3
—H


I232(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—OCH3
—H


I233(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—OCH2CH3
—H


I234(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—OCF3
—H


I235(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
-tert-butyl
—H


I236(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
-iso-propyl
—H


I237(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—CH3
—CH3


I238(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—H


I239(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—Cl


I240(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—Br


I241(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—F


I242(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—CH3


I243(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—CF3


I244(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—OCH3


I245(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—OCH2CH3


I246(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
—OCF3


I247(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
-tert-butyl


I248(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CH3
—H
-iso-propyl


I249(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—Cl
—H


I250(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—Br
—H


I251(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—F
—H


I252(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—CH3
—H


I253(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—CF3
—H


I254(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—OCH3
—H


I255(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—OCH2CH3
—H


I256(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—OCF3
—H


I257(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
-tert-butyl
—H


I258(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
-iso-propyl
—H


I259(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—CH3
—CH3


I260(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—H


I261(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—Cl


I262(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—Br


I263(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—F


I264(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—CH3


I265(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—CF3


I266(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—OCH3


I267(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—OCH2CH3


I268(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
—OCF3


I269(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
-tert-butyl


I270(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CF3
—H
-iso-propyl


I271(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—Cl
—H


I272(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—Br
—H


I273(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—F
—H


I274(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—CH3
—H


I275(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—CF3
—H


I276(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—OCH3
—H


I277(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—OCH2CH3
—H


I278(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—OCF3
—H


I279(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
-tert-butyl
—H


I280(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
-iso-propyl
—H


I281(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—CH3
—CH3


I282(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—H


I283(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—Cl


I284(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—Br


I285(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—F


I286(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—CH3


I287(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—CF3


I288(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—OCH3


I289(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—OCH2CH3


I290(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
—OCF3


I291(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
-tert-butyl


I292(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CHF2
—H
-iso-propyl


I293(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—Cl
—H


I294(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—Br
—H


I295(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—F
—H


I296(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—CH3
—H


I297(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—CF3
—H


I298(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—OCH3
—H


I299(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—OCH2CH3
—H


I300(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—OCF3
—H


I301(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
-tert-butyl
—H


I302(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
-iso-propyl
—H


I303(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—CH3
—CH3


I304(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—H


I305(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—Cl


I306(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—Br


I307(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—F


I308(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—CH3


I309(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—CF3


I310(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—OCH3


I311(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—OCH2CH3


I312(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
—OCF3


I313(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
-tert-butyl


I314(a), (b), and (c)
O
—OH
—H
-iso-propyl


I315(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—Cl
—H


I316(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—Br
—H


I317(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—F
—H


I318(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—CH3
—H


I319(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—CF3
—H


I320(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—OCH3
—H


I321(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—OCH2CH3
—H


I322(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—OCF3
—H


I323(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
-tert-butyl
—H


I324(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
-iso-propyl
—H


I325(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—CH3
—CH3


I326(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—H


I327(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—Cl


I328(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—Br


I329(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—F


I330(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—CH3


I331(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—CF3


I332(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—OCH3


I333(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—OCH2CH3


I334(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
—OCF3


I335(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
-tert-butyl


I336(a), (b), and (c)
O
—NO2
—H
-iso-propyl


I337(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—Br
—H


I338(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—Cl
—H


I339(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—F
—H


I340(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—CH3
—H


I341(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—CF3
—H


I342(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—OCH3
—H


I343(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—OCH2CH3
—H


I344(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—OCF3
—H


I345(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
-tert-butyl
—H


I346(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
-iso-propyl
—H


I347(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—CH3
—CH3


I348(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—H


I349(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—Cl


I350(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—Br


I351(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—F


I352(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—CH3


I353(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—CF3


I354(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—OCH3


I355(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—OCH2CH3


I356(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
—OCF3


I357(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
-tert-butyl


I358(a), (b), and (c)
O
—CN
—H
-iso-propyl


I359(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—Br
—H


I360(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—Cl
—H


I361(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—F
—H


I362(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—CH3
—H


I363(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—CF3
—H


I364(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—OCH3
—H


I365(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—OCH2CH3
—H


I366(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—OCF3
—H


I367(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
-tert-butyl
—H


I368(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
-iso-propyl
—H


I369(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—CH3
—CH3


I370(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—H


I371(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—Cl


I372(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—Br


I373(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—F


I374(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—CH3


I375(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—CF3


I376(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—OCH3


I377(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—OCH2CH3


I378(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
—OCF3


I379(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
-tert-butyl


I380(a), (b), and (c)
O
—Br
—H
-iso-propyl


I381(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—Cl
—H


I382(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—Br
—H


I383(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—F
—H


I384(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—CH3
—H


I385(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—CF3
—H


I386(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—OCH3
—H


I387(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—OCH2CH3
—H


I388(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—OCF3
—H


I389(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
-tert-butyl
—H


I390(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
-iso-propyl
—H


I391(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—CH3
—CH3


I392(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—H


I393(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—Cl


I394(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—Br


I395(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—F


I396(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—CH3


I397(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—CF3


I398(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—OCH3


I399(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—OCH2CH3


I400(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
—OCF3


I401(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
-tert-butyl


I402(a), (b), and (c)
O
—I
—H
-iso-propyl


I403(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—Cl
—H


I404(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—Br
—H


I405(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—F
—H


I406(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—CH3
—H


I407(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—CF3
—H


I408(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—OCH3
—H


I409(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—OCH2CH3
—H


I410(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—OCF3
—H


I411(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
-tert-butyl
—H


I412(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
-iso-propyl
—H


I413(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—CH3
—CH3


I414(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—H


I415(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—CH3


I416(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—Cl


I417(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—Br


I418(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—F


I419(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—CF3


I420(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCH3


I421(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCH2CH3


I422(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


I423(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


I424(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


I425(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
—OCF3


I426(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-tert-butyl


I427(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Cl
—H
-iso-propyl


I428(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—Cl
—H


I429(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—Br
—H


I430(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—F
—H


I431(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—CH3
—H


I432(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—CF3
—H


I433(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—OCH3
—H


I434(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—OCH2CH3
—H


I435(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—OCF3
—H


I436(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
-tert-butyl
—H


I437(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
-iso-propyl
—H


I438(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—CH3
—CH3


I439(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—H


I440(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—Cl


I441(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—Br


I442(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—F


I443(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—CH3


I444(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—CF3


I445(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—OCH3


I446(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—OCH2CH3


I447(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
—OCF3


I448(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
-tert-butyl


I449(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CH3
—H
-iso-propyl


I450(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—Cl
—H


I451(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—Br
—H


I452(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—F
—H


I453(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—CH3
—H


I454(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—CF3
—H


I455(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—OCH3
—H


I456(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—OCH2CH3
—H


I457(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—OCF3
—H


I458(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
-tert-butyl
—H


I459(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
-iso-propyl
—H


I460(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—CH3
—CH3


I461(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—H


I462(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—Cl


I463(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—Br


I464(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—F


I465(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—CH3


I466(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—CF3


I467(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—OCH3


I468(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—OCH2CH3


I469(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
—OCF3


I470(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
-tert-butyl


I471(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CF3
—H
-iso-propyl


I472(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—Cl
—H


I473(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—Br
—H


I474(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—F
—H


I475(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—CH3
—H


I476(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—CF3
—H


I477(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—OCH3
—H


I478(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—OCH2CH3
—H


I479(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—OCF3
—H


I480(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
-tert-butyl
—H


I481(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
-iso-propyl
—H


I482(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—CH3
—CH3


I483(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—H


I484(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—Cl


I485(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—Br


I486(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—F


I487(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—CH3


I488(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—CF3


I489(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—OCH3


I490(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—OCH2CH3


I491(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
—OCF3


I492(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
-tert-butyl


I493(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CHF2
—H
-iso-propyl


I494(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—Cl
—H


I495(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—Br
—H


I496(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—F
—H


I497(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—CH3
—H


I498(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—CF3
—H


I499(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—OCH3
—H


I500(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—OCH2CH3
—H


I501(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—OCF3
—H


I502(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
-tert-butyl
—H


I503(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
-iso-propyl
—H


I504(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—CH3
—CH3


I505(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—H


I506(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—Cl


I507(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—Br


I508(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—F


I509(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—CH3


I510(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—CF3


I511(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—OCH3


I512(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—OCH2CH3


I513(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
—OCF3


I514(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
-tert-butyl


I515(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—OH
—H
-iso-propyl


I516(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—Cl
—H


I517(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—Br
—H


I518(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—F
—H


I519(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—CH3
—H


I520(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—CF3
—H


I521(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—OCH3
—H


I522(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—OCH2CH3
—H


I523(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—OCF3
—H


I524(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
-tert-butyl
—H


I525(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
-iso-propyl
—H


I526(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—CH3
—CH3


I527(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—H


I528(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—Cl


I529(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—Br


I530(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—F


I531(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—CH3


I532(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—CF3


I533(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—OCH3


I534(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—OCH2CH3


I535(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
—OCF3


I536(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
-tert-butyl


I537(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—NO2
—H
-iso-propyl


I538(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—Br
—H


I539(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—Cl
—H


I540(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—F
—H


I541(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—CH3
—H


I542(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—CF3
—H


I543(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—OCH3
—H


I544(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—OCH2CH3
—H


I545(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—OCF3
—H


I546(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
-tert-butyl
—H


I547(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
-iso-propyl
—H


I548(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—CH3
—CH3


I549(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—H


I550(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—Cl


I551(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—Br


I552(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—F


I553(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—CH3


I554(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—CF3


I555(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—OCH3


I556(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—OCH2CH3


I557(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
—OCF3


I558(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
-tert-butyl


I559(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—CN
—H
-iso-propyl


I560(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—Br
—H


I561(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—Cl
—H


I562(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—F
—H


I563(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—CH3
—H


I564(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—CF3
—H


I565(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—OCH3
—H


I566(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—OCH2CH3
—H


I567(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—OCF3
—H


I568(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
-tert-butyl
—H


I569(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
-iso-propyl
—H


I570(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—CH3
—CH3


I571(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—H


I572(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—Cl


I573(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—Br


I574(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—F


I575(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—CH3


I576(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—CF3


I577(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—OCH3


I578(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—OCH2CH3


I579(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
—OCF3


I580(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
-tert-butyl


I581(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—Br
—H
-iso-propyl


I582(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—Cl
—H


I583(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—Br
—H


I584(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—F
—H


I585(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—CH3
—H


I586(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—CF3
—H


I587(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—OCH3
—H


I588(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—OCH2CH3
—H


I589(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—OCF3
—H


I590(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
-tert-butyl
—H


I591(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
-iso-propyl
—H


I592(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—CH3
—CH3


I593(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—H


I594(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—Cl


I595(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—Br


I596(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—F


I597(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—CH3


I598(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—CF3


I599(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—OCH3


I600(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—OCH2CH3


I601(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
—OCF3


I602(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
-tert-butyl


I603(a), (b), and (c)
NH
—I
—H
-iso-propyl





(a) means that R12 is —H and R14 is —CH3.


(b) means that R12 is —CH3 and R14 is —H.


(c) means that R12 and R14 are each —H.













TABLE 10







(IIb)








 


and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, where:











Compound
R1
R8






J01(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—H



J02(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-t-butyl



J03(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-iso-butyl



J04(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-sec-butyl



J05(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-iso-propyl



J06(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-n-propyl



J07(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-cyclohexyl



J08(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-t-butoxy



J09(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-iso-propoxy



J10(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—CF3



J11(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—CH2CF3



J12(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—OCF3



J13(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—Cl



J14(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—Br



J15(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
—I



J16(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-n-butyl



J17(a), (b), and (c)
—Cl
-n-propyl



J18(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—H



J19(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-t-butyl



J20(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-iso-butyl



J21(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-sec-butyl



J22(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-iso-propyl



J23(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-n-propyl



J24(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-cyclohexyl



J25(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-t-butoxy



J26(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-iso-propoxy



J27(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—CF3



J28(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—CH2CF3



J29(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—OCF3



J30(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—Cl



J31(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—Br



J32(a), (b), and (c)
—F
—I



J33(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-n-butyl



J34(a), (b), and (c)
—F
-n-propyl



J35(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—H



J36(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-iso-butyl



J37(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-t-butyl



J38(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-sec-butyl



J39(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-iso-propyl



J40(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-n-propyl



J41(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-cyclohexyl



J42(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-t-butoxy



J43(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-iso-propoxy



J44(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—CF3



J45(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—CH2CF3



J46(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—OCF3



J47(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—Cl



J48(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—Br



J49(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
—I



J50(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-n-butyl



J51(a), (b), and (c)
—CH3
-n-propyl



J52(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—H



J53(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-t-butyl



J54(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-iso-butyl



J55(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-sec-butyl



J56(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-iso-propyl



J57(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-n-propyl



J58(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-cyclohexyl



J59(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-t-butoxy



J60(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-iso-propoxy



J61(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—CF3



J62(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—CH2CF3



J63(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—OCF3



J64(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—Cl



J65(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—Br



J66(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
—I



J67(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-n-butyl



J68(a), (b), and (c)
—CF3
-n-propyl



J69(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-t-butyl



J70(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—H



J71(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-iso-butyl



J72(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-sec-butyl



J73(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-iso-propyl



J74(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-n-propyl



J75(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-cyclohexyl



J76(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-t-butoxy



J77(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-iso-propoxy



J78(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—CF3



J79(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—CH2CF3



J80(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—OCF3



J81(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—Cl



J82(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—Br



J83(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
—I



J84(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-n-butyl



J85(a), (b), and (c)
—CHF2
-n-propyl



J86(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—H



J87(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-t-butyl



J88(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-iso-butyl



J89(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-sec-butyl



J90(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-iso-propyl



J91(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-n-propyl



J92(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-cyclohexyl



J93(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-t-butoxy



794(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-iso-propoxy



J95(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—CF3



J96(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—CH2CF3



J97(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—OCF3



J98(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—Cl



J99(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—Br



J100(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
—I



J101(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-n-butyl



J102(a), (b), and (c)
—OH
-n-propyl



J103(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—H



J104(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-t-butyl



J105(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-iso-butyl



J106(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-sec-butyl



J107(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-iso-propyl



J108(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-n-propyl



J109(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-cyclohexyl



J110(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-t-butoxy



J111(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-iso-propoxy



J112(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—CF3



J113(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—CH2CF3



J114(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—OCF3



J115(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—Cl



J116(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—Br



J117(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
—I



J118(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-n-butyl



J119(a), (b), and (c)
—NO2
-n-propyl



J120(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—H



J121(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-t-butyl



J122(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-iso-butyl



J123(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-sec-butyl



J124(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-iso-propyl



J125(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-n-propyl



J126(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-cyclohexyl



J127(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-t-butoxy



J128(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-iso-propoxy



J129(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—CF3



J130(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—CH2CF3



J131(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—OCF3



J132(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—Cl



J133(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—Br



J134(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
—I



J135(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-n-butyl



J136(a), (b), and (c)
—CN
-n-propyl



J137(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—H



J138(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-t-butyl



J139(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-iso-butyl



J140(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-sec-butyl



J141(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-iso-propyl



J142(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-n-propyl



J143(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-cyclohexyl



J144(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-t-butoxy



J145(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-iso-propoxy



J146(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—CF3



J147(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—CH2CF3



J148(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—OCF3



J149(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—Cl



J150(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—Br



J151(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
—I



J152(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-n-butyl



J153(a), (b), and (c)
—Br
-n-propyl



J154(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-t-butyl



J155(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—H



J156(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-iso-butyl



J157(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-sec-butyl



J158(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-iso-propyl



J159(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-n-propyl



J160(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-cyclohexyl



J161(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-t-butoxy



J162(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-iso-propoxy



J163(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—CF3



J164(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—CH2CF3



J165(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—OCF3



J166(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—Cl



J167(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—Br



J168(a), (b), and (c)
—I
—I



J169(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-n-butyl



J170(a), (b), and (c)
—I
-n-propyl





(a) means that R12 is —H and R14 is —CH3.


(b) means that R12 is —CH3 and R14 is —H.


(c) means that R12 and R14 are each —H.






4.3 Definitions
As used in connection with the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds herein, the terms used above having following meaning:
“—(C1-C10)alkyl” means a straight chain or branched non-cyclic hydrocarbon having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Representative straight chain —(C1-C10)alkyls include -methyl, -ethyl, -n-propyl, -n-butyl, -n-pentyl, -n-hexyl, -n-heptyl, -n-octyl, -n-nonyl, and -n-decyl. Representative branched —(C1-C10)alkyls include -iso-propyl, -sec-butyl, -iso-butyl, -tert-butyl, -iso-pentyl, -neo-pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 3-ethylbutyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-methylhexyl, 2-methylhexyl, 3-methylhexyl, 4-methylhexyl, 5-methylhexyl, 1,2-dimethylpentyl, 1,3-dimethylpentyl, 1,2-dimethylhexyl, 1,3-dimethylhexyl, 3,3-dimethylhexyl, 1,2-dimethylheptyl, 1,3-dimethylheptyl, and 3,3-dimethylheptyl.
“—(C1-C6)alkyl” means a straight chain or branched non-cyclic hydrocarbon having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Representative straight chain —(C1-C6)alkyls include -methyl, -ethyl, -n-propyl, -n-butyl, -n-pentyl, and -n-hexyl. Representative branched —(C1-C6)alkyls include -iso-propyl, -sec-butyl, -iso-butyl, -tert-butyl, -iso-pentyl, -neo-pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 3-ethylbutyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, and 3,3-dimethylbutyl.
“—(C1-C4)alkyl” means a straight chain or branched non-cyclic hydrocarbon having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Representative straight chain —(C1-C4)alkyls include -methyl, -ethyl, -n-propyl, and -n-butyl. Representative branched —(C1-C4)alkyls include -iso-propyl, -sec-butyl, -iso-butyl, and -tert-butyl.
“—(C2-C10)alkenyl” means a straight chain or branched non-cyclic hydrocarbon having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and including at least one carbon-carbon double bond. Representative straight chain and branched (C2-C10)alkenyls include -vinyl, -allyl, -1-butenyl, -2-butenyl, -iso-butylenyl, -1-pentenyl, -2-pentenyl, -3-methyl-1-butenyl, -2-methyl-2-butenyl, -2,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, -1-hexenyl, -2-hexenyl, -3-hexenyl, -1-heptenyl, -2-heptenyl, -3-heptenyl, -1-octenyl, -2-octenyl, -3-octenyl, -1-nonenyl, -2-nonenyl, -3-nonenyl, -1-decenyl, -2-decenyl, -3-decenyl and the like.
“—(C2-C6)alkenyl” means a straight chain or branched non-cyclic hydrocarbon having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and including at least one carbon-carbon double bond. Representative straight chain and branched (C2-C6)alkenyls include -vinyl, -allyl, -1-butenyl, -2-butenyl, -iso-butylenyl, -1-pentenyl, -2-pentenyl, -3-methyl-1-butenyl, -2-methyl-2-butenyl, -2,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, -1-hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl and the like.
“—(C2-C10)alkynyl” means a straight chain or branched non-cyclic hydrocarbon having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and including at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. Representative straight chain and branched —(C2-C10)alkynyls include -acetylenyl, -propynyl, -1-butynyl, -2-butynyl, -1-pentynyl, -2-pentynyl, -3-methyl-1-butynyl, -4-pentynyl, -1-hexynyl, -2-hexynyl, -5-hexynyl, -1-heptynyl, -2-heptynyl, -6-heptynyl, -1-octynyl, -2-octynyl, -7-octynyl, -1-nonynyl, -2-nonynyl, -8-nonynyl, -1-decynyl, -2-decynyl, -9-decynyl and the like.
“—(C2-C6)alkynyl” means a straight chain or branched non-cyclic hydrocarbon having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and including at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. Representative straight chain and branched (C2-C6)alkynyls include -acetylenyl, -propynyl, -1-butynyl, -2-butynyl, -1-pentynyl, -2-pentynyl, -3-methyl-1-butynyl, -4-pentynyl, -1-hexynyl, -2-hexynyl, -5-hexynyl and the like.
“—(C3-C10)cycloalkyl” means a saturated cyclic hydrocarbon having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms. Representative (C3-C10)cycloalkyls are -cyclopropyl, -cyclobutyl, -cyclopentyl, -cyclohexyl, -cycloheptyl, -cyclooctyl, -cyclononyl, and -cyclodecyl.
“—(C3-C8)cycloalkyl” means a saturated cyclic hydrocarbon having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms. Representative (C3-C8)cycloalkyls include -cyclopropyl, -cyclobutyl, -cyclopentyl, -cyclohexyl, -cycloheptyl, and -cyclooctyl.
“—(C8-C14)bicycloalkyl” means a bi-cyclic hydrocarbon ring system having from 8 to 14 carbon atoms and at least one saturated cyclic alkyl ring. Representative —(C8-C14)bicycloalkyls include -indanyl, -1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl, -5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthyl, -perhydronaphthyl and the like.
“—(C8-C14)tricycloalkyl” means a tri-cyclic hydrocarbon ring system having from 8 to 14 carbon atoms and at least one saturated ring. Representative —(C8-C14)tricycloalkyls include -pyrenyl, -1,2,3,4-tetrahydroanthracenyl, -perhydroanthracenyl -aceanthreneyl, -1,2,3,4-tetrahydropenanthrenyl, -5,6,7,8-tetrahydrophenanthrenyl, -perhydrophenanthrenyl and the like.
“—(C5-C10)cycloalkenyl” means a cyclic non-aromatic hydrocarbon having at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the cyclic system and from 5 to 10 carbon atoms. Representative (C5-C10)cycloalkenyls include -cyclopentenyl, -cyclopentadienyl, -cyclohexenyl, -cyclohexadienyl, -cycloheptenyl, -cycloheptadienyl, -cycloheptatrienyl, -cyclooctenyl, -cyclooctadienyl, -cyclooctatrienyl, -cyclooctatetraenyl, -cyclononenyl, -cyclononadienyl, -cyclodecenyl, -cyclodecadienyl and the like.
“—(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl” means a cyclic non-aromatic hydrocarbon having at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the cyclic system and from 5 to 8 carbon atoms. Representative —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyls include -cyclopentenyl, -cyclopentadienyl, -cyclohexenyl, -cyclohexadienyl, -cycloheptenyl, -cycloheptadienyl, -cycloheptatrienyl, -cyclooctenyl, -cyclooctadienyl, -cyclooctatrienyl, -cyclooctatetraenyl and the like.
“—(C8-C14)bicycloalkenyl” means a bi-cyclic hydrocarbon ring system having at least one carbon-carbon double bond in each ring and from 8 to 14 carbon atoms. Representative —(C8-C14)bicycloalkenyls include -indenyl, -pentalenyl, -naphthalenyl, -azulenyl, -heptalenyl, -1,2,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalenyl and the like.
“—(C8-C14)tricycloalkenyl” means a tri-cyclic hydrocarbon ring system having at least one carbon-carbon double bond in each ring and from 8 to 14 carbon atoms. Representative —(C8-C14)tricycloalkenyls include -anthracenyl, -phenanthrenyl, -phenalenyl, -acenaphthalenyl, as-indacenyl, s-indacenyl and the like.
“—(3- to 7-membered)heterocycle” or “-(3- to 7-membered)heterocyclo” means a 3- to 7-membered monocyclic heterocyclic ring which is either saturated, unsaturated non-aromatic, or aromatic. A 3- or a 4-membered heterocycle can contain up to 3 heteroatoms, a 5-membered heterocycle can contain up to 4 heteroatoms, a 6-membered heterocycle can contain up to 6 heteroatoms, and a 7-membered heterocycle can contain up to 7 heteroatoms. Each heteroatom is independently selected from nitrogen, which can be quaternized; oxygen; and sulfur, including sulfoxide and sulfone. The -(3- to 7-membered)heterocycle can be attached via a nitrogen or carbon atom. Representative -(3- to 7-membered)heterocycles include pyridyl, furyl, thiophenyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrimidinyl, triazinyl, morpholinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, hydantoinyl, valerolactamyl, oxiranyl, oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydropyrindinyl, tetrahydropyrimidinyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl and the like.
“-(3- to 5-membered)heterocycle” or “-(3- to 5-membered)heterocyclo” means a 3- to 5-membered monocyclic heterocyclic ring which is either saturated, unsaturated non-aromatic, or aromatic. A 3- or a 4-membered heterocycle can contain up to 3 heteroatoms, and a 5-membered heterocycle can contain up to 4 heteroatoms. Each heteroatom is independently selected from nitrogen, which can be quaternized; oxygen; and sulfur, including sulfoxide and sulfone. The -(3- to 5-membered)heterocycle can be attached via a nitrogen or carbon atom. Representative -(3- to 5-membered)heterocycles include furyl, thiophenyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, imidazolyl, thiazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, isothiazolyl, triazinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, hydantoinyl, oxiranyl, oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl and the like.
“-(7- to 10-membered)bicycloheterocycle” or “-(7- to 10-membered)bicycloheterocyclo” means a 7- to 10-membered bicyclic, heterocyclic ring which is either saturated, unsaturated non-aromatic, or aromatic. A -(7- to 10-membered)bicycloheterocycle contains from 1 to 4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, which can be quaternized; oxygen; and sulfur, including sulfoxide and sulfone. The -(7- to 10-membered)bicycloheterocycle can be attached via a nitrogen or carbon atom. Representative -(7- to 10-membered)bicycloheterocycles include -quinolinyl, -isoquinolinyl, -chromonyl, -coumarinyl, -indolyl, -indolizinyl, -benzo[b]furanyl, -benzo[b]thiophenyl, -indazolyl, -purinyl, -4H-quinolizinyl, -isoquinolyl, -quinolyl, -phthalazinyl, -naphthyridinyl, -carbazolyl, -β-carbolinyl and the like.
“—(C14)aryl” means a 14-membered aromatic carbocyclic moiety such as -anthryl or -phenanthryl.
“-(5- to 10-membered)heteroaryl” means an aromatic heterocycle ring of 5 to 10 members, including both mono- and bicyclic ring systems, where at least one carbon atom of one or both of the rings is replaced with a heteroatom independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. In one embodiment, one of the -(5- to 10-membered)heteroaryl's rings contain at least one carbon atom. In another embodiment, both of the -(5- to 10-membered)heteroaryl's rings contain at least one carbon atom. Representative -(5- to 10-membered)heteroaryls include pyridyl, furyl, benzofuranyl, thiophenyl, benzothiophenyl, quinolinyl, pyrrolyl, indolyl, oxazolyl, benzoxazolyl, imidazolyl, benzimidazolyl, thiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyrazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrimidinyl, thiadiazolyl, triazinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, and quinazolinyl.
“—CH2(halo)” means a methyl group where one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced with a halogen. Representative —CH2(halo) groups include —CH2F, —CH2Cl, —CH2Br, and —CH2I.
“—CH(halo)2” means a methyl group where two of the hydrogens of the methyl group have been replaced with a halogen. Representative —CH(halo)2 groups include —CHF2, —CHCl2, —CHBr2, —CHBrCl, —CHClI, and —CHI2.
“—C(halo)3” means a methyl group where each of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced with a halogen. Representative —C(halo)3 groups include —CF3, —CCl3, —CBr3, and —Cl3.
“-Halogen” or “-halo” means —F, —Cl, —Br, or —I.
The phrase “pyridyl group” means




where R1, R2, and n are defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds of formula (II).
The phrase “pyrazinyl group” means,




where R1, R2, and p are defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds of formula (I).
The phrase “pyrimidinyl group” means




where R1, R2, and p are defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds of formula (I).
The phrase “pyridazinyl group” means




where R1, R2, and p are defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds of formula (I).
The phrase “thiadiazolyl group” means




where R1 is defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds of formula (I).
The phrase “benzoimidiazolyl group” means




where R8 and s is defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds of formula (I) or (II).
The phrase “benzothiazolyl group” means




where R8 and s is defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds of formula (I) or (II).
The phrase “benzooxazolyl group” means




where R8 and s is defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds of formula (I) or (II).
The phrase “Cycloheteroalkenyl ring” means




where the numbers designate the position of each atom of the Cycloheteroalkenyl ring.
The term “animal,” includes, but is not limited to, a cow, monkey, baboon, chimpanzee, horse, sheep, pig, chicken, turkey, quail, cat, dog, mouse, rat, rabbit, guinea pig, and human.
The phrase “pharmaceutically acceptable salt,” as used herein, is any pharmaceutically acceptable salt that can be prepared from a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound, including a salt formed from an acid and a basic functional group, such as a nitrogen group, of one of the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds. Illustrative salts include, but are not limited, to sulfate, citrate, acetate, oxalate, chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, bisulfate, phosphate, acid phosphate, isonicotinate, lactate, salicylate, acid citrate, tartrate, oleate, tannate, pantothenate, bitartrate, ascorbate, succinate, maleate, gentisinate, fumarate, gluconate, glucoronate, saccharate, formate, benzoate, glutamate, methanesulfonate, ethanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, p-toluenesulfonate, and pamoate (i.e., 1,1′-methylene-bis-(2-hydroxy-3-naphthoate)) salts. The term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” also includes a salt prepared from a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound having an acidic functional group, such as a carboxylic acid functional group, and a pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic base. Suitable bases include, but are not limited to, hydroxides of alkali metals such as sodium, potassium, and lithium; hydroxides of alkaline earth metal such as calcium and magnesium; hydroxides of other metals, such as aluminum and zinc; ammonia and organic amines, such as unsubstituted or hydroxy-substituted mono-, di-, or trialkylamines; dicyclohexylamine; tributyl amine; pyridine; N-methyl,N-ethylamine; diethylamine; triethylamine; mono-, bis-, or tris-(2-hydroxy-lower alkyl amines), such as mono-, bis-, or tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, 2-hydroxy-tert-butylamine, or tris-(hydroxymethyl)methylamine, N,N-di-lower alkyl-N-(hydroxy lower alkyl)-amines, such as N,N-dimethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, or tri-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; N-methyl-D-glucamine; and amino acids such as arginine, lysine and the like.
The phrase “effective amount,” when used in connection with a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound means an amount effective for: (a) treating or preventing a Condition; or (b) inhibiting VR1, mGluR1, or mGluR5 function in a cell.
The phrase “effective amount,” when used in connection with the another therapeutic agent means an amount for providing the therapeutic effect of the therapeutic agent.
When a first group is “substituted with one or more” second groups, one or more hydrogen atoms of the first group is replaced with a corresponding number of second groups. When the number of second groups is two or greater, each second group can be the same or different. In one embodiment, the number of second groups is one or two. In another embodiment, the number of second groups is one.
The term “THF” means tetrahydrofuran.
The term “DCM” means dichloromethane.
The term “DMF” means dimethylformamide.
The term “DAST” means diethylaminosulfur trifluoride.
The term “DMSO” means dimethyl sulfoxide.
The term “IBD” means inflammatory-bowel disease.
The term “IBS” means irritable-bowel syndrome.
The term “ALS” means amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
The term “LiHMDS” means lithium hexamethyldisilazide.
The phrases “treatment of,” “treating” and the like include the amelioration or cessation of a Condition or a symptom thereof.
In one embodiment, treating includes inhibiting, for example, decreasing the overall frequency of episodes of a Condition or a symptom thereof.
The phrases “prevention of,” “preventing” and the like include the avoidance of the onset of a Condition or a symptom thereof
4.4 Methods for Making the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be made using conventional organic synthesis or by the following illustrative methods shown in the schemes below.
4.4.1 Methods for Making the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds Where X is O
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds where X is O can be obtained by the following illustrative method shown below in Schemes 1 and 2.




where R3, Ar2, and m, are defined above.

To a solution of ketal 1 (about 14 mmol) in DCM (about 7 mL) is added an isocyanate of formula Ar2—NCO (about 14 mmol) 2 and the resulting solution is allowed to stir at about 25° C. Typically, the reaction mixture is allowed to stir for at least 5 min. The solvent is then removed to provide a compound of formula 3, which is dissolved in THF (about 20 mL). About 1 N HCl in acetic acid (about 30 mL) is added to the THF solution of the compound of formula 3, and the resulting mixture is heated at the reflux temperature of the solvent. Typically, the reaction mixture is heated at the reflux temperature of the solvent for about 3 h. The reaction mixture is then cooled and the solvent is removed to provide a residue that is dissolved in DCM. The DCM solution is then extracted with aq. Na2CO3, the aqueous and organic layers are separated, and the organic layer is extracted three times with DCM. The organic layers are combined, dried with MgSO4, and the solvent is removed to provide a compound of formula 4. The compound of formula 4 can be purified. In one embodiment, the compound of formula 4 is purified using silica gel column chromatography.
The compound of formula 4 (about 3.6 mmol) is then dissolved in THF (about 100 mL) and the resulting solution cooled to about −78° C. To the cooled solution is added LiHMDS (about 8.75 mmol) and the reaction mixture is stirred at about −78° C. for about 2 h. A compound of formula 5 (about 3.6 mmol, commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) is then added to the reaction mixture and the reaction mixture is stirred at about −78° C. for about 2 h. The reaction mixture is then allowed to warm to about 25° C. and the solvent is removed to provide a compound of formula 6. The compound of formula 6 can be purified.
The compound of formula 6 is then reacted with a compound of formula 7a-e to provide the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound where X is O as shown below in Scheme 2.







where R1, R2, R3, Ar1, n, m, and p are defined above.

Pd(PPh)3 (0.11 mmol) is dissolved in THF (about 50 mL) and the compound of formula 6 (about 2.2 mmol) is added to the resulting solution followed by a compound of formula 7a-e (about 6.6 mmol as a 0.5 M solution in THF). The resulting reaction mixture is then heated for about 1 h at the reflux temperature of the solvent. The reaction mixture is allowed to cool to about 25° C. and the solvent is removed to provide the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound where X is O. The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound where X is O can be purified. In one embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound where X is O is purified using silica gel column chromatography followed by trituration with ethyl acetate.
Where m=1, a mixture of Cycloheteroalkenyl compounds is generally obtained. The mixture can be separated via conventional methods, for example, column chromatography.
The compounds of formula 1 are commercially available or can be obtained by methods known to those skilled in the art.
Isocyanates of formula Ar2—NCO, 2, are commercially available or are preparable by reacting an amine Ar2NH2 with phosgene according to known methods (See, e.g., H. Eckert and B. Foster, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 26:894 (1987); H. Eckert, Ger. Offen. DE 3 440 141; Chem. Abstr. 106:4294d (1987); and L. Contarca et al., Synthesis, 553-576 (1996). For example, an amine Ar2NH2 can be reacted with triphosgene according to the scheme shown below.




Typically a solution of triphosgene (about 0.3 eq.) in DCM (about 0.3M) is slowly added to a stirred solution of the amine (about 1.0 eq.) in DCM (about 0.3M) at about 25° C. The reaction mixture is then stirred at about 25° C. for about 10 min. and the temperature then raised to about 70° C. After stirring at about 70° C. for about 3 h, the reaction mixture is cooled to about 25° C., filtered, and the filtrate concentrated to give the desired isocyanate.
The compounds of formula 7a-e can be obtained by methods known to those skilled in the art.
4.4.2 Methods for Making the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds Where X is S
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds where X is S can be obtained by methods analagous to that described in Schemes 1 and 2 to provide the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds where X is O, except that an isothiocyanate of formula Ar2—NCS is used in place of the isocyanate Ar2—NCO.
Where m=1, a mixture of Cycloheteroalkenyl compounds is generally obtained. The mixture can be separated via conventional methods, for example, column chromatography.
Isothiocyanates are commercially available or preparable by reacting an amine of formula Ar2NH2 with thiophosgene as shown in the scheme below (See, e.g., Tetrahedron Lett., 41(37):7207-7209 (2000); Org. Prep. Proced., Int., 23(6):729-734 (1991); J. Heterocycle Chem., 28(4): 1091-1097 (1991); J. Fluorine Chem., 41(3):303-310 (1988); and Tetrahedron. Lett., 42(32):5414-5416 (2001).




Alternatively, isothiocyanates of formula Ar2—NCS can be prepared by reacting an amine of formula Ar2NH2 with carbon disulfide in the presence of triethylamine in THF, followed by reaction with hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid in water as shown in the scheme below (See, e.g., J. Org. Chem., 62(13):4539-4540 (1997)).




4.4.3 Methods for Making the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds Where X is N—CN
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds where X is N—CN can be obtained as shown below in Schemes 3 and 4.







where Ar2, R3, and m are defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds.

A ketal of formula 8 (about 14 mmol) is reacted with an amine of formula Ar—NH2 (about 14 mmol) in an aprotic organic solvent (about 7 mL) such as diethyl ether, di-n-propyl ether, THF, DCM, or toluene at a temperature ranging from about 25° C. to about the reflux temperature of the solvent for a period of about 0.5 h to about 24 h. The solvent is then removed to provide a compound of formula 9. In one embodiment, the aprotic organic solvent is di-n-propyl ether. In another embodiment, a reaction mixture of di-n-propyl ether, a compound of formula 8 and the amine of formula Ar—NH2 is heated at a temperature of about 70° to about 80° C. In another embodiment, the reaction mixture of di-n-propyl ether, a compound of formula 8 and the amine of formula Ar—NH2 is heated at a temperature of about at 75° C. for about 12 h.
The compound of formula 9 is then dissolved in THF (about 20 mL). About 1 N HCl in acetic acid (about 30 mL) is added to the THF solution of the compound of formula 9 and the resulting mixture is heated at the reflux temperature of the solvent. Typically, the reaction mixture is heated at the reflux temperature of the solvent for about 3 h. The reaction mixture is then cooled and the solvent is removed to provide a residue that is dissolved in DCM. The DCM solution is then extracted with aq. Na2CO3, the aqueous and organic layer is separated, and the aqueous layer is extracted three times with DCM. The combined organic layers are then dried with MgSO4 and the solvent removed to provide a compound of formula 10. The compound of formula 10 can be purified. In one embodiment, the compound of formula 10 is purified using silica gel column chromatography.
The compound of formula 10 (about 3.6 mmol) is then dissolved in THF (about 100 mL) and the resulting solution cooled to about −78° C. To the cooled solution is added LiHMDS (about 8.75 mmol) and the reaction mixture is stirred at about −78° C. for about 2 h. A compound of formula 5 (about 3.6 mmol, commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) is then added to the reaction mixture and the reaction mixture stirred at about −78° C. for about 2 h. The reaction mixture is then allowed to wane to about 25° C. and the solvent is removed to provide a compound of formula 11. The compound of formula 11 can be purified.
The compound of formula 11 is then reacted with a compound of formula 7a-e as shown below in Scheme 4 to provide the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound where X is N—CN.







where Ar2, R1, R2, R3, n, m, and p are defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds.

Pd(PPh)3 is dissolved in THF (about 50 mL) and the compound of formula 11 (about 2.2 mmol) is added to the resulting mixture followed by a compound of formula 7a-e (about 6.6 mmol as a 0.5 M solution in THF. The resulting reaction mixture is then heated for about 1 h at the reflux temperature of the solvent. The reaction mixture is allowed to cool to about 25° C. and the solvent removed to provide the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound where X is N—CN. The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound where X is N—CN can be purified. In one embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound where X is N—CN is purified by silica gel column chromatography.
Where m=1, a mixture of Cycloheteroalkenyl compounds is generally obtained. The mixture can be separated via conventional methods, for example, column chromatography.
The compound of formula 8 can be obtained as shown below in Scheme 5.




where R3, and m are defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds.

A compound of formula 1 is reacted with diphenylcyanocarbonimidate 12 (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) in an aprotic solvent such as diethyl ether, di-n-propyl ether, THF, DCM, or toluene to provide the compound of formula 8. In one embodiment, the aprotic solvent is DCM and the reaction mixture of the compound of formula 1 and diphenylcyanocabonimidate 12 is allowed to react at about 25° C. In another embodiment, the aprotic solvent is toluene and the reaction mixture of the compound of formula 1 and diphenylcyanocabonimidate 12 is allowed to react at about 110° C. The compound of formula 1 and diphenylcyanocabonimidate 12 is typically allowed to react for a period of about 0.5 h to about 24 h.
The compounds of formula 7a-e can be obtained as described above.
4.4.4 Methods for Making the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds where X is N—OH
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds where X is N—OH can be obtained as described below in Scheme 6.













where Ar2, R1, R2, R3, n, m, and p are defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds and P is a hydroxyl protecting group.

The method for obtaining the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds where X is N—OH as described in Scheme 6 is analogous to that described in Schemes 3 and 4 to provide the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds where X is N—CN except that a compound of formula 13 is used in place of the compound of formula 9.
The compound of formula 13 can be obtained as described below in Scheme 7.




where Ar2, R3, and m are defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds and P is a hydroxyl protecting group.

A compound of formula 17 (about 0.3 mmol) is reacted with hydroxylamine (50 weight percent in water, about 5.8 mmol) in about 1.5 mL of ethanol with stirring at a temperature of about 80° C. for about 2 h. The mixture is then concentrated under reduced pressure to provide a compound of formula 18. The hydroxyl group of the compound of formula 18 is then protected using an hydroxyl protecting group to provide the compound of formula 13. Any hydroxyl protecting group known to those skilled in the art can be used to protect the hydroxyl group in the compound of formula 18. Suitable hydroxyl protecting groups and methods for their removal are disclosed in T. W. Greene et al, Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis 17-200 (3d ed. 1999).
Where m=1, a mixture of Cycloheteroalkenyl compounds is generally obtained. The mixture can be separated via conventional methods, for example, column chromatography.
The compound of formula 17 can be obtained as shown below in Scheme 8.




where Ar2, R3, and m are defined above for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds.

A solution of a compound of formula 19 (about 0.6 mmol), obtained as described above in section 4.4.2, in DCM is reacted with iodomethane (about 0.9 mmol) in about 3 mL of tetrahydrofuran with stirring at about 25° C. for about 12 h. Excess iodomethane is removed from the mixture using reduced pressure. A solution of triethylamine (about 1.74 mmol) in about 2.5 mL of ethyl acetate is then added to the mixture and the mixture is allowed to stir for about 2 h. The mixture is then concentrated under reduced pressure to provide the compound of formula 17 which can then be purified. In one embodiment, the compound of formula 17 is purified using column chromatography or recrystallization.
4.4.5 Methods for Making the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds where X is N—OR10 
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds where X is N—OR10 can be obtained by reacting a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds where X is N—OH, obtained as described above in Scheme 6, with X—(C1-C4)alkyl, where X is —I, —Br, —Cl, or —F, in the presence of about 3 eq. of triethylamine in THF, with stirring, at about 25° C. for about 12 h or at about 50° C. for about 3 h. The solvent is then removed from the reaction mixture under reduced pressure to provide a residue. The residue is then purified using silica gel column chromatography eluted with a gradient elution of 100:0 hexane:ethyl acetate to 25:75 hexane:ethyl acetate to provide the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds where X is N—OR10. In one embodiment, X is —I or —Br.
Where m=1, a mixture of Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds is generally obtained. The mixture can be separated via conventional methods, for example, column chromatography.
Certain Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can have asymmetric centers and therefore exist in different enantiomeric and diastereomeric forms. A Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound can be in the form of an optical isomer or a diastereomer. Accordingly, the invention encompasses Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds and their uses as described herein in the form of their optical isomers, diasteriomers and mixtures thereof, including a racemic mixture. Optical isomers of the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be obtained by known techniques such as chiral chromatography or formation of diastereomeric salts from an optically active acid or base.
In addition, one or more hydrogen, carbon or other atoms of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound can be replaced by an isotope of the hydrogen, carbon or other atoms. Such compounds, which are encompassed by the present invention, are useful as research and diagnostic tools in metabolism pharmacokinetic studies and in binding assays.
4.5. Therapeutic Uses of the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds
In accordance with the invention, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds are administered to an animal in need of treatment or prevention of a Condition.
In one embodiment, an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound can be used to treat or prevent any condition treatable or preventable by inhibiting VR1. Examples of conditions that are treatable or preventable by inhibiting VR1 include, but are not limited to, pain, UI, an ulcer, IBD, and IBS.
In another embodiment, an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound can be used to treat or prevent any condition treatable or preventable by inhibiting mGluR5. Examples of conditions that are treatable or preventable by inhibiting mGluR5 include, but are not limited to, pain, an addictive disorder, Parkinson's disease, parkinsonism, anxiety, a pruritic condition, and psychosis.
In another embodiment, an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound can be used to treat or prevent any condition treatable or preventable by inhibiting mGluR1. Examples of conditions that are treatable or preventable by inhibiting mGluR1 include, but are not limited to, pain, UI, an addictive disorder, Parkinson's disease, parkinsonism, anxiety, epilepsy, stroke, a seizure, a pruritic condition, psychosis, a cognitive disorder, a memory deficit, restricted brain function, Huntington's chorea, ALS, dementia, retinopathy, a muscle spasm, a migraine, vomiting, dyskinesia, and depression.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent acute or chronic pain. Examples of pain treatable or preventable using the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds include, but are not limited to, cancer pain, labor pain, myocardial infarction pain, pancreatic pain, colic pain, post-operative pain, headache pain, muscle pain, arthritic pain, and pain associated with a periodontal disease, including gingivitis and periodontitis.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can also be used for treating or preventing pain associated with inflammation or with an inflammatory disease in an animal. Such pain can arise where there is an inflammation of the body tissue which can be a local inflammatory response and/or a systemic inflammation. For example, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent pain associated with inflammatory diseases including, but not limited to: organ transplant rejection; reoxygenation injury resulting from organ transplantation (see Grupp et al., J. Mol, Cell Cardiol. 31:297-303 (1999)) including, but not limited to, transplantation of the heart, lung, liver, or kidney; chronic inflammatory diseases of the joints, including arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and bone diseases associated with increased bone resorption; inflammatory bowel diseases, such as ileitis, ulcerative colitis, Barrett's syndrome, and Crohn's disease; inflammatory lung diseases, such as asthma, adult respiratory distress syndrome, and chronic obstructive airway disease; inflammatory diseases of the eye, including corneal dystrophy, trachoma, onchocerciasis, uveitis, sympathetic ophthalmitis and endophthalmitis; chronic inflammatory disease of the gum, including gingivitis and periodontitis; tuberculosis; leprosy; inflammatory diseases of the kidney, including uremic complications, glomerulonephritis and nephrosis; inflammatory disease of the skin, including sclerodermatitis, psoriasis and eczema; inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system, including chronic demyelinating diseases of the nervous system, multiple sclerosis, AIDS-related neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease, infectious meningitis, encephalomyelitis, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and viral or autoimmune encephalitis; autoimmune diseases, including Type I and Type II diabetes mellitus; diabetic complications, including, but not limited to, diabetic cataract, glaucoma, retinopathy, nephropathy (such as microaluminuria and progressive diabetic nephropathy), polyneuropathy, mononeuropathies, autonomic neuropathy, gangrene of the feet, atherosclerotic coronary arterial disease, peripheral arterial disease, nonketotic hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar coma, foot ulcers, joint problems, and a skin or mucous membrane complication (such as an infection, a shin spot, a candidal infection or necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum); immune-complex vasculitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); inflammatory disease of the heart, such as cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease hypercholesterolemia, and artherosclerosis; as well as various other diseases that can have significant inflammatory components, including preeclampsia, chronic liver failure, brain and spinal cord trauma, and cancer. The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can also be used for inhibiting, treating, or preventing pain associated with inflammatory disease that can, for example, be a systemic inflammation of the body, exemplified by gram-positive or gram negative shock, hemorrhagic or anaphylactic shock, or shock induced by cancer chemotherapy in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines, e.g., shock associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Such shock can be induced, e.g., by a chemotherapeutic agent that is administered as a treatment for cancer.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent UI. Examples of UI treatable or preventable using the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds include, but are not limited to, urge incontinence, stress incontinence, overflow incontinence, neurogenic incontinence, and total incontinence.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent an ulcer. Examples of ulcers treatable or preventable using the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds include, but are not limited to, a duodenal ulcer, a gastric ulcer, a marginal ulcer, an esophageal ulcer, or a stress ulcer.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent IBD, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent IBS. Examples of IBS treatable or preventable using the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds include, but are not limited to, spastic-colon-type IBS and constipation-predominant IBS.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent an addictive disorder, including but not limited to, an eating disorder, an impulse-control disorder, an alcohol-related disorder, a nicotine-related disorder, an amphetamine-related disorder, a cannabis-related disorder, a cocaine-related disorder, an hallucinogen-related disorder, an inhalant-related disorders, and an opioid-related disorder, all of which are further sub-classified as listed below.
Eating disorders include, but are not limited to, Bulimia Nervosa, Nonpurging Type; Bulimia Nervosa, Purging Type; Anorexia; and Eating Disorder not otherwise specified (NOS).
Impulse control disorders include, but are not limited to, Intermittent Explosive Disorder, Kleptomania, Pyromania, Pathological Gambling, Trichotillomania, and Impulse Control Disorder not otherwise specified (NOS).
Alcohol-related disorders include, but are not limited to, Alcohol-Induced Psychotic Disorder with delusions, Alcohol Abuse, Alcohol Intoxication, Alcohol Withdrawal, Alcohol Intoxication Delirium, Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium, Alcohol-Induced Persisting Dementia, Alcohol-Induced Persisting Amnestic Disorder, Alcohol Dependence, Alcohol-Induced Psychotic Disorder with hallucinations, Alcohol-Induced Mood Disorder, Alcohol-Induced Anxiety Disorder, Alcohol-Induced Sexual Dysfunction, Alcohol-Induced Sleep Disorder, and Alcohol-Related Disorder not otherwise specified (NOS).
Nicotine-related disorders include, but are not limited to, Nicotine Dependence, Nicotine Withdrawal, and Nicotine-Related Disorder not otherwise specified (NOS).
Amphetamine-related disorders include, but are not limited to, Amphetamine Dependence, Amphetamine Abuse, Amphetamine Intoxication, Amphetamine Withdrawal, Amphetamine Intoxication Delirium, Amphetamine-Induced Psychotic Disorder with delusions, Amphetamine-Induced Psychotic Disorders with hallucinations, Amphetamine-Induced Mood Disorder, Amphetamine-Induced Anxiety Disorder, Amphetamine-Induced Sexual Dysfunction, Amphetamine-Induced Sleep Disorder, and Amphetamine Related Disorder not otherwise specified (NOS).
Cannabis-related disorders include, but are not limited to, Cannabis Dependence, Cannabis Abuse, Cannabis Intoxication, Cannabis Intoxication Delirium, Cannabis-Induced Psychotic Disorder with delusions, Cannabis-Induced Psychotic Disorder with hallucinations, Cannabis-Induced Anxiety Disorder, and Cannabis Related Disorder not otherwise specified (NOS).
Cocaine-related disorders include, but are not limited to, Cocaine Dependence, Cocaine Abuse, Cocaine Intoxication, Cocaine Withdrawal, Cocaine Intoxication Delirium, Cocaine-Induced Psychotic Disorder with delusions, Cocaine-Induced Psychotic Disorders with hallucinations, Cocaine-Induced Mood Disorder, Cocaine-Induced Anxiety Disorder, Cocaine-Induced Sexual Dysfunction, Cocaine-Induced Sleep Disorder, and Cocaine Related Disorder not otherwise specified (NOS).
Hallucinogen-related disorders include, but are not limited to, Hallucinogen Dependence, Hallucinogen Abuse, Hallucinogen Intoxication, Hallucinogen Withdrawal, Hallucinogen Intoxication Delirium, Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (Flashbacks), Hallucinogen-Induced Psychotic Disorder with delusions, Hallucinogen-Induced Psychotic Disorders with hallucinations, Hallucinogen-Induced Mood Disorder, Hallucinogen-Induced Anxiety Disorder, Hallucinogen-Induced Sexual Dysfunction, Hallucinogen-Induced Sleep Disorder, and Hallucinogen Related Disorder not otherwise specified (NOS).
Inhalant-related disorders include, but are not limited to, Inhalant Dependence, Inhalant Abuse, Inhalant Intoxication, Inhalant Intoxication Delirium, Inhalant-Induced Psychotic Disorder with delusions, Inhalant-Induced Psychotic Disorder with hallucinations, Inhalant-Induced Anxiety Disorder, and Inhalant Related Disorder not otherwise specified (NOS).
Opioid-related disorders include, but are not limited to, Opioid Dependence, Opioid Abuse, Opioid Withdrawal, Opioid Intoxication, Opioid Intoxication Delirium, Opioid-Induced Psychotic Disorder with delusions, Opioid-Induced Psychotic Disorder with hallucinations, Opioid-Induced Anxiety Disorder, and Opioid Related Disorder not otherwise specified (NOS).
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism and the symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism, including but not limited to, bradykinesia, muscular rigidity, resting tremor, and impairment of postural balance.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent generalized anxiety or severe anxiety and the symptoms associated with anxiety, including but not limited to, restlessness; tension; tachycardia; dyspnea; depression, including chronic “neurotic” depression; panic disorder; agoraphobia and other specific phobias; eating disorders; and personality disorders.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent epilepsy, including but not limited to, partial epilepsy, generalized epilepsy, and the symptoms associated with epilepsy, including but not limited to, simple partial seizures, jacksonian seizures, complex partial (psychomotor) seizures, convulsive seizures (grand mal or tonic-clonic seizures), petit mal (absence) seizures, and status epilepticus.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent strokes, including but not limited to, ischemic strokes and hemorrhagic strokes.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent a seizure, including but not limited to, infantile spasms, febrile seizures, and epileptic seizures.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent a pruritic condition, including but not limited to, pruritus caused by dry skin, scabies, dermatitis, herpetiformis, atopic dermatitis, pruritus vulvae et ani, miliaria, insect bites, pediculosis, contact dermatitis, drug reactions, urticaria, urticarial eruptions of pregnancy, psoriasis, lichen planus, lichen simplex chronicus, exfoliative dermatitis, folliculitis, bullous pemphigoid, or fiberglass dermatitis.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent psychosis, including but not limited to, schizophrenia, including paranoid schizophrenia, hebephrenic or disorganized schizophrenia, catatonic schizophrenia, undifferentiated schizophrenia, negative or deficit subtype schizophrenia, and non-deficit schizophrenia; a delusional disorder, including erotomanic subtype delusional disorder, grandiose subtype delusional disorder, jealous subtype delusional disorder, persecutory subtype delusional disorder, and somatic subtype delusional disorder; and brief psychosis.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent a cognitive disorder, including but not limited to, delirium and dementia such as multi-infarct dementia, dementia pugilistica, dementia caused by AIDS, and dementia caused by Alzheimer's disease.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent a memory deficiency, including but not limited to, dissociative amnesia and dissociative fugue.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent restricted brain function, including but not limited to, that caused by surgery or an organ transplant, restricted blood supply to the brain, a spinal cord injury, a head injury, hypoxia, cardiac arrest, or hypoglycemia.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent Huntington's chorea.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent ALS.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent retinopathy, including but not limited to, arteriosclerotic retinopathy, diabetic arteriosclerotic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy, non-proliferative retinopathy, and proliferative retinopathy.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent a muscle spasm.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent a migraine.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent vomiting, including but not limited to, nausea vomiting, dry vomiting (retching), and regurgitation.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent dyskinesia, including but not limited to, tardive dyskinesia and biliary dyskinesia.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be used to treat or prevent depression, including but not limited to, major depression and bipolar disorder.
Applicants believe that the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds are antagonists for VR1.
The invention also relates to methods for inhibiting VR1 function in a cell comprising contacting a cell capable of expressing VR1 with an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound. This method can be used in vitro, for example, as an assay to select cells that express VR1 and, accordingly, are useful as part of an assay to select compounds useful for treating or preventing pain, UI, an ulcer, IBD, or IBS. The method is also useful for inhibiting VR1 function in a cell in vivo, in an animal, a human in one embodiment, by contacting a cell, in an animal, with an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound. In one embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing pain in an animal. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing UI in an animal. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing an ulcer in an animal. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing IBD in an animal. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing IBS in an animal.
Examples of tissue comprising cells capable of expressing VR1 include, but are not limited to, neuronal, brain, kidney, urothelium, and bladder tissue. Methods for assaying cells that express VR1 are known in the art.
Applicants believe that the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds are antagonists for mGluR5.
The invention also relates to methods for inhibiting mGluR5 function in a cell comprising contacting a cell capable of expressing mGluR5 with an amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound effective to inhibit mGluR5 function in the cell. This method can be used in vitro, for example, as an assay to select cells that express mGluR5 and, accordingly, are useful as part of an assay to select compounds useful for treating or preventing pain, an addictive disorder, Parkinson's disease, parkinsonism, anxiety, a pruritic condition, or psychosis. The method is also useful for inhibiting mGluR5 function in a cell in vivo, in an animal, a human in one embodiment, by contacting a cell, in an animal, with an amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound effective to inhibit mGluR5 function in the cell. In one embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing pain in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing an addictive disorder in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing Parkinson's disease in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing parkinsonism in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing anxiety in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing a pruritic condition in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing psychosis in an animal in need thereof.
Examples of cells capable of expressing mGluR5 are neuronal and glial cells of the central nervous system, particularly the brain, especially in the nucleus accumbens. Methods for assaying cells that express mGluR5 are known in the art.
Applicants believe that the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds are antagonists for mGluR1.
The invention also relates to methods for inhibiting mGluR1 function in a cell comprising contacting a cell capable of expressing mGluR1 with an amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound effective to inhibit mGluR1 function in the cell. This method can be used in vitro, for example, as an assay to select cells that express mGluR1 and, accordingly, are useful as part of an assay to select compounds useful for treating or preventing pain, UI, an addictive disorder, Parkinson's disease, parkinsonism, anxiety, epilepsy, stroke, a seizure, a pruritic condition, psychosis, a cognitive disorder, a memory deficit, restricted brain function, Huntington's chorea, ALS, dementia, retinopathy, a muscle spasm, a migraine, vomiting, dyskinesia, or depression. The method is also useful for inhibiting mGluR1 function in a cell in vivo, in an animal, a human in one embodiment, by contacting a cell, in an animal, with an amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound effective to inhibit mGluR1 function in the cell. In one embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing pain in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing UI in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing an addictive disorder in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing Parkinson's disease in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing parkinsonism in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing anxiety in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing epilepsy in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing stroke in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing a seizure in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing a pruritic condition in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing psychosis in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing a cognitive disorder in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing a memory deficit in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing restricted brain function in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing Huntington's chorea in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing ALS in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing dementia in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing retinopathy in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing a muscle spasm in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing a migraine in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing vomiting in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing dyskinesia in an animal in need thereof. In another embodiment, the method is useful for treating or preventing depression in an animal in need thereof.
Examples of cells capable of expressing mOluRl include, but are not limited to, cerebellar Purkinje neuron cells, Purkinje cell bodies (punctate), cells of spine(s) of the cerebellum; neurons and neurophil cells of olfactory-bulb glomeruli; cells of the superficial layer of the cerebral cortex; hippocampus cells; thalamus cells; superior colliculus cells; and spinal trigeminal nucleus cells. Methods for assaying cells that express mGluR1 are known in the art.
4.6 Therapeutic/Prophylactic Administration and Compositions of the Invention
Due to their activity, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds are advantageously useful in veterinary and human medicine. As described above, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds are useful for treating or preventing a condition in an animal in need thereof.
When administered to an animal, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds are administered as a component of a composition that comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. The present compositions, which comprise a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound, can be administered orally. The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds of the invention can also be administered by any other convenient route, for example, by infusion or bolus injection, by absorption through epithelial or mucocutaneous linings (e.g., oral, rectal, and intestinal mucosa, etc.) and can be administered together with another therapeutically active agent. Administration can be systemic or local. Various delivery systems are known, e.g., encapsulation in liposomes, microparticles, microcapsules, capsules, etc., and can be used to administer the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound.
Methods of administration include, but are not limited to, intradermal, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intravenous, subcutaneous, intranasal, epidural, oral, sublingual, intracerebral, intravaginal, transdermal, rectal, by inhalation, or topical, particularly to the ears, nose, eyes, or skin. The mode of administration is left to the discretion of the practitioner. In most instances, administration will result in the release of the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds into the bloodstream.
In specific embodiments, it can be desirable to administer the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds locally. This can be achieved, for example, and not by way of limitation, by local infusion during surgery, topical application, e.g., in conjunction with a wound dressing after surgery, by injection, by means of a catheter, by means of a suppository or enema, or by means of an implant, said implant being of a porous, non-porous, or gelatinous material, including membranes, such as sialastic membranes, or fibers.
In certain embodiments, it can be desirable to introduce the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds into the central nervous system or gastrointestinal tract by any suitable route, including intraventricular, intrathecal, and epidural injection, and enema. Intraventricular injection can be facilitated by an intraventricular catheter, for example, attached to a reservoir, such as an Ommaya reservoir.
Pulmonary administration can also be employed, e.g., by use of an inhaler or nebulizer, and formulation with an aerosolizing agent, or via perfusion in a fluorocarbon or synthetic pulmonary surfactant. In certain embodiments, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be formulated as a suppository, with traditional binders and excipients such as triglycerides.
In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be delivered in a vesicle, in particular a liposome (see Langer, Science 249:1527-1533 (1990) and Treat et al., Liposomes in the Therapy of Infectious Disease and Cancer 317-327 and 353-365 (1989)).
In yet another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be delivered in a controlled-release system or sustained-release system (see, e.g., Goodson, in Medical Applications of Controlled Release, supra, vol. 2, pp. 115-138 (1984)). Other controlled- or sustained-release systems discussed in the review by Langer, Science 249:1527-1533 (1990) can be used. In one embodiment, a pump can be used (Langer, Science 249:1527-1533 (1990); Sefton, CRC Crit. Ref. Biomed. Eng. 14:201 (1987); Buchwald et al., Surgery 88:507 (1980); and Saudek et al., N. Engl. J. Med. 321:574 (1989)). In another embodiment, polymeric materials can be used (see Medical Applications of Controlled Release (Langer and Wise eds., 1974); Controlled Drug Bioavailability, Drug Product Design and Performance (Smolen and Ball eds., 1984); Ranger and Peppas, J. Macromol. Sci. Rev. Macromol. Chem. 23:61 (1983); Levy et al., Science 228:190 (1985); During et al., Ann. Neurol. 25:351 (1989); and Howard et al., J. Neurosurg. 71:105 (1989)). In yet another embodiment, a controlled- or sustained-release system can be placed in proximity of a target of the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds, e.g., the spinal column, brain, or gastrointestinal tract, thus requiring only a fraction of the systemic dose.
The present compositions can optionally comprise a suitable amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient so as to provide the form for proper administration to the animal.
Such pharmaceutical excipients can be liquids, such as water and oils, including those of petroleum, animal, vegetable, or synthetic origin, such as peanut oil, soybean oil, mineral oil, sesame oil and the like. The pharmaceutical excipients can be saline, gum acacia, gelatin, starch paste, talc, keratin, colloidal silica, urea and the like. In addition, auxiliary, stabilizing, thickening, lubricating, and coloring agents can be used. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients are sterile when administered to an animal. Water is a particularly useful excipient when the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound is administered intravenously. Saline solutions and aqueous dextrose and glycerol solutions can also be employed as liquid excipients, particularly for injectable solutions. Suitable pharmaceutical excipients also include starch, glucose, lactose, sucrose, gelatin, malt, rice, flour, chalk, silica gel, sodium stearate, glycerol monostearate, talc, sodium chloride, dried skim milk, glycerol, propylene, glycol, water, ethanol and the like. The present compositions, if desired, can also contain minor amounts of wetting or emulsifying agents, or pH buffering agents.
The present compositions can take the form of solutions, suspensions, emulsion, tablets, pills, pellets, capsules, capsules containing liquids, powders, sustained-release formulations, suppositories, emulsions, aerosols, sprays, suspensions, or any other fon suitable for use. In one embodiment, the composition is in the form of a capsule (see e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,698,155). Other examples of suitable pharmaceutical excipients are described in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences 1447-1676 (Alfonso R. Gennaro ed., 19th ed. 1995), incorporated herein by reference.
In one embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds are formulated in accordance with routine procedures as a composition adapted for oral administration to human beings. Compositions for oral delivery can be in the form of tablets, lozenges, aqueous or oily suspensions, granules, powders, emulsions, capsules, syrups, or elixirs, for example. Orally administered compositions can contain one or more agents, for example, sweetening agents such as fructose, aspartame or saccharin; flavoring agents such as peppermint, oil of wintergreen, or cherry; coloring agents; and preserving agents, to provide a pharmaceutically palatable preparation. Moreover, where in tablet or pill form, the compositions can be coated to delay disintegration and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract thereby providing a sustained action over an extended period of time. Selectively permeable membranes surrounding an osmotically active driving compound are also suitable for orally administered compositions. In these latter platforms, fluid from the environment surrounding the capsule is imbibed by the driving compound, which swells to displace the agent or agent composition through an aperture. These delivery platforms can provide an essentially zero order delivery profile as opposed to the spiked profiles of immediate release formulations. A time-delay material such as glycerol monostearate or glycerol stearate can also be used. Oral compositions can include standard excipients such as mannitol, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, sodium saccharin, cellulose, and magnesium carbonate. In one embodiment, the excipients are of pharmaceutical grade.
In another embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be formulated for intravenous administration. Typically, compositions for intravenous administration comprise sterile isotonic aqueous buffer. Where necessary, the compositions can also include a solubilizing agent. Compositions for intravenous administration can optionally include a local anesthetic such as lidocaine to lessen pain at the site of the injection. Generally, the ingredients are supplied either separately or mixed together in unit dosage form, for example, as a dry lyophilized powder or water free concentrate in a hermetically sealed container such as an ampule or sachette indicating the quantity of active agent. Where the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds are to be administered by infusion, they can be dispensed, for example, with an infusion bottle containing sterile pharmaceutical grade water or saline. Where the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds are administered by injection, an ampule of sterile water for injection or saline can be provided so that the ingredients can be mixed prior to administration.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be administered by controlled-release or sustained-release means or by delivery devices that are known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Examples include, but are not limited to, those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,845,770; 3,916,899; 3,536,809; 3,598,123; 4,008,719; 5,674,533; 5,059,595; 5,591,767; 5,120,548; 5,073,543; 5,639,476; 5,354,556; and 5,733,566, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. Such dosage forms can be used to provide controlled- or sustained-release of one or more active ingredients using, for example, hydropropylmethyl cellulose, other polymer matrices, gels, permeable membranes, osmotic systems, multilayer coatings, microparticles, liposomes, microspheres, or a combination thereof to provide the desired release profile in varying proportions. Suitable controlled- or sustained-release formulations known to those of ordinary skill in the art, including those described herein, can be readily selected for use with the active ingredients of the invention. The invention thus encompasses single unit dosage forms suitable for oral administration such as, but not limited to, tablets, capsules, gelcaps, and caplets that are adapted for controlled- or sustained-release.
Controlled- or sustained-release pharmaceutical compositions can have a common goal of improving drug therapy over that achieved by their non-controlled or non-sustained counterparts. In one embodiment, a controlled- or sustained-release composition comprises a minimal amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound to cure or control the condition in a minimum amount of time. Advantages of controlled- or sustained-release compositions include extended activity of the drug, reduced dosage frequency, and increased patient compliance. In addition, controlled- or sustained-release compositions can favorably affect the time of onset of action or other characteristics, such as blood levels of the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound, and can thus reduce the occurrence of adverse side effects.
Controlled- or sustained-release compositions can initially release an amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound that promptly produces the desired therapeutic or prophylactic effect, and gradually and continually release other amounts of the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound to maintain this level of therapeutic or prophylactic effect over an extended period of time. To maintain a constant level of the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound in the body, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound can be released from the dosage form at a rate that will replace the amount of Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound being metabolized and excreted from the body. Controlled- or sustained-release of an active ingredient can be stimulated by various conditions, including but not limited to, changes in pH, changes in temperature, concentration or availability of enzymes, concentration or availability of water, or other physiological conditions or compounds.
The amount of the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound that is effective in the treatment or prevention of a condition can be determined by standard clinical techniques. In addition, in vitro or in vivo assays can optionally be employed to help identify optimal dosage ranges. The precise dose to be employed will also depend on the route of administration, and the seriousness of the Condition and can be decided according to the judgment of a practitioner and/or each animal's circumstances. Suitable effective dosage amounts, however, range from about 0.01 mg/kg of body weight to about 2500 mg/kg of body weight, although they are typically about 100 mg/kg of body weight or less. In one embodiment, the effective dosage amount ranges from about 0.01 mg/kg of body weight to about 100 mg/kg of body weight of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound, in another embodiment, about 0.02 mg/kg of body weight to about 50 mg/kg of body weight, and in another embodiment, about 0.025 mg/kg of body weight to about 20 mg/kg of body weight. In one embodiment, an effective dosage amount is administered about every 24 h until the Condition is abated. In another embodiment, an effective dosage amount is administered about every 12 h until the Condition is abated. In another embodiment, an effective dosage amount is administered about every 8 h until the Condition is abated. In another embodiment, an effective dosage amount is administered about every 6 h until the Condition is abated. In another embodiment, an effective dosage amount is administered about every 4 h until the Condition is abated. The effective dosage amounts described herein refer to total amounts administered; that is, if more than one Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound is administered, the effective dosage amounts correspond to the total amount administered.
Where a cell capable of expressing VR1, mGluR5 or mGluR1 is contacted with a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound in vitro, the amount effective for inhibiting the VR1, mGluR5 or mGluR1 receptor function in a cell will typically range from about 0.01 μg/L to about 5 mg/L, in one embodiment, from about 0.01 μg/L to about 2.5 mg/L, in another embodiment, from about 0.01 μg/L to about 0.5 mg/L, and in another embodiment, from about 0.01 μg/L to about 0.25 mg/L of a solution or suspension of a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. In one embodiment, the volume of solution or suspension comprising the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound is from about 0.01 μL to about 1 mL. In another embodiment, the volume of solution or suspension is about 200 μL.
Where a cell capable of expressing VR1, mGluR5, or mGluR1 is contacted with a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound in vivo, the amount effective for inhibiting the receptor function in a cell will typically range from about 0.01 mg/kg of body weight to about 2500 mg/kg of body weight, although it typically ranges from about 100 mg/kg of body weight or less. In one embodiment, the effective dosage amount ranges from about 0.01 mg/kg of body weight to about 100 mg/kg of body weight of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound, in another embodiment, about 0.020 mg/kg of body weight to about 50 mg/kg of body weight, and in another embodiment, about 0.025 mg/kg of body weight to about 20 mg/kg of body weight. In one embodiment, an effective dosage amount is administered about every 24 h. In another embodiment, an effective dosage amount is administered about every 12 h. In another embodiment, an effective dosage amount is administered about every 8 h. In another embodiment, an effective dosage amount is administered about every 6 h. In another embodiment, an effective dosage amount is administered about every 4 h.
The Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds can be assayed in vitro or in vivo for the desired therapeutic or prophylactic activity prior to use in humans. Animal model systems can be used to demonstrate safety and efficacy.
The present methods for treating or preventing a Condition in an animal in need thereof can further comprise administering to the animal being administered a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound another therapeutic agent. In one embodiment, the other therapeutic agent is administered in an effective amount.
The present methods for inhibiting VR1 function in a cell capable of expressing VR1 can further comprise contacting the cell with an effective amount of another therapeutic agent.
The present methods for inhibiting mGluR5 function in a cell capable of expressing mGluR5 can further comprise contacting the cell with an effective amount of another therapeutic agent.
The present methods for inhibiting mGluR1 function in a cell capable of expressing mGluR1 can further comprise contacting the cell with an effective amount of another therapeutic agent.
Effective amounts of the other therapeutic agents are known to those skilled in the art. However, it is within the skilled artisan's purview to determine the other therapeutic agent's optimal effective-amount range. In one embodiment of the invention, where another therapeutic agent is administered to an animal, the effective amount of the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound is less than its effective amount would be where the other therapeutic agent is not administered. In this case, without being bound by theory, it is believed that the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds and the other therapeutic agent act synergistically to treat or prevent a Condition.
The other therapeutic agent can be, but is not limited to, an opioid agonist, a non-opioid analgesic, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, an antimigraine agent, a Cox-II inhibitor, an antiemetic, a β-adrenergic blocker, an anticonvulsant, an antidepressant, a Ca2+-channel blocker, an anticancer agent, an agent for treating or preventing UI, an agent for treating or preventing an ulcer, an agent for treating or preventing IBD, an agent for treating or preventing IBS, an agent for treating addictive disorder, an agent for treating Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism, an agent for treating anxiety, an agent for treating epilepsy, an agent for treating a stroke, an agent for treating a seizure, an agent for treating a pruritic condition, an agent for treating psychosis, an agent for treating Huntington's chorea, an agent for treating ALS, an agent for treating a cognitive disorder, an agent for treating a migraine, an agent for inhibiting vomiting, an agent for treating dyskinesia, or an agent for treating depression, and mixtures thereof.
Examples of useful opioid agonists include, but are not limited to, alfentanil, allylprodine, alphaprodine, anileridine, benzylmorphine, bezitramide, buprenorphine, butorphanol, clonitazene, codeine, desomorphine, dextromoramide, dezocine, diampromide, diamorphone, dihydrocodeine, dihydromorphine, dimenoxadol, dimepheptanol, dimethylthiambutene, dioxaphetyl butyrate, dipipanone, eptazocine, ethoheptazine, ethylmethylthiambutene, ethylmorphine, etonitazene fentanyl, heroin, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, hydroxypethidine, isomethadone, ketobemidone, levorphanol, levophenacylmorphan, lofentanil, meperidine, meptazinol, metazocine, methadone, metopon, morphine, myrophine, nalbuphine, narceine, nicomorphine, norlevorphanol, normethadone, nalorphine, normorphine, norpipanone, opium, oxycodone, oxymorphone, papavereturn, pentazocine, phenadoxone, phenomorphan, phenazocine, phenoperidine, piminodine, piritramide, proheptazine, promedol, properidine, propiram, propoxyphene, sufentanil, tilidine, tramadol, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and mixtures thereof.
In certain embodiments, the opioid agonist is selected from codeine, hydromorphone, hydrocodone, oxycodone, dihydrocodeine, dihydromorphine, morphine, tramadol, oxymorphone, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and mixtures thereof.
Examples of useful non-opioid analgesics include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, benoxaprofen, flurbiprofen, fenoprofen, flubufen, ketoprofen, indoprofen, piroprofen, carprofen, oxaprozin, pramoprofen, muroprofen, trioxaprofen, suprofen, aminoprofen, tiaprofenic acid, fluprofen, bucloxic acid, indomethacin, sulindac, tolmetin, zomepirac, tiopinac, zidometacin, acemetacin, fentiazac, clidanac, oxpinac, mefenamic acid, meclofenamic acid, flufenamic acid, niflumic acid, tolfenamic acid, diflurisal, flufenisal, piroxicam, sudoxicam, isoxicam, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and mixtures thereof. Other suitable non-opioid analgesics include the following, non-limiting, chemical classes of analgesic, antipyretic, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: salicylic acid derivatives, including aspirin, sodium salicylate, choline magnesium trisalicylate, salsalate, diflunisal, salicylsalicylic acid, sulfasalazine, and olsalazin; para-aminophenol derivatives including acetaminophen and phenacetin; indole and indene acetic acids, including indomethacin, sulindac, and etodolac; heteroaryl acetic acids, including tolmetin, diclofenac, and ketorolac; anthranilic acids (fenamates), including mefenamic acid and meclofenamic acid; enolic acids, including oxicams (piroxicam, tenoxicam), and pyrazolidinediones (phenylbutazone, oxyphenthartazone); and alkanones, including nabumetone. For a more detailed description of the NSAIDs, see Paul A. Insel, Analgesic-Antipyretic and Anti-inflammatory Agents and Drugs Employed in the Treatment of Gout, in Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 617-57 (Perry B. Molinhoff and Raymond W. Ruddon eds., 9th ed 1996) and Glen R. Hanson, Analgesic, Antipyretic and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy Vol II 1196-1221 (A. R. Gennaro ed. 19th ed. 1995) which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.
Examples of useful Cox-II inhibitors and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors, as well as combinations thereof, are described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,136,839, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Examples of useful Cox-II inhibitors include, but are not limited to, rofecoxib and celecoxib.
Examples of useful antimigraine agents include, but are not limited to, alpiropride, bromocriptine, dihydroergotamine, dolasetron, ergocornine, ergocorninine, ergocryptine, ergonovine, ergot, ergotamine, flumedroxone acetate, fonazine, ketanserin, lisuride, lomerizine, methylergonovine, methysergide, metoprolol, naratriptan, oxetorone, pizotyline, propranolol, risperidone, rizatriptan, sumatriptan, timolol, trazodone, zolmitriptan, and mixtures thereof.
The other therapeutic agent can also be an agent useful for reducing any potential side effects of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds. For example, the other therapeutic agent can be an antiemetic agent. Examples of useful antiemetic agents include, but are not limited to, metoclopromide, domperidone, prochlorperazine, promethazine, chlorpromazine, trimethobenzamide, odansteron, granisetron, hydroxyzine, acetylleucine monoethanolamine, alizapride, azasetron, benzquinamide, bietanautine, bromopride, buclizine, clebopride, cyclizine, dimenhydrinate, diphenidol, dolasetron, meclizine, methallatal, metopimazine, nabilone, oxypemdyl, pipamazine, scopolamine, sulpiride, tetrahydrocannabinol, thiethylperazine, thioproperazine, tropisetron, and mixtures thereof.
Examples of useful β-adrenergic blockers include, but are not limited to, acebutolol, alprenolol, amosulabol, arotinolol, atenolol, befunolol, betaxolol, bevantolol, bisoprolol, bopindolol, bucumolol, bufetolol, bufuralol, bunitrolol, bupranolol, butidrine hydrochloride, butofilolol, carazolol, carteolol, carvedilol, celiprolol, cetamolol, cloranolol, dilevalol, epanolol, esmolol, indenolol, labetalol, levobunolol, mepindolol, metipranolol, metoprolol, moprolol, nadolol, nadoxolol, nebivalol, nifenalol, nipradilol, oxprenolol, penbutolol, pindolol, practolol, pronethalol, propranolol, sotalol, sulfinalol, talinolol, tertatolol, tilisolol, timolol, toliprolol, and xibenolol.
Examples of useful anticonvulsants include, but are not limited to, acetylpheneturide, albutoin, aloxidone, aminoglutethimide, 4-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid, atrolactamide, beclamide, buramate, calcium bromide, carbamazepine, cinromide, clomethiazole, clonazepam, decimemide, diethadione, dimethadione, doxenitroin, eterobarb, ethadione, ethosuximide, ethotoin, felbamate, fluoresone, gabapentin, 5-hydroxytryptophan, lamotrigine, magnesium bromide, magnesium sulfate, mephenyloin, mephobarbital, metharbital, methetoin, methsuximide, 5-methyl-5-(3-phenanthryl)-hydantoin, 3-methyl-5-phenylhydantoin, narcobarbital, nimetazepam, nitrazepam, oxcarbazepine, paramethadione, phenacemide, phenetharbital, pheneturide, phenobarbital, phensuximide, phenylmethylbarbituric acid, phenyloin, phethenylate sodium, potassium bromide, pregabaline, primidone, progabide, sodium bromide, solanum, strontium bromide, suclofenide, sulthiame, tetrantoin, tiagabine, topiramate, trimethadione, valproic acid, valpromide, vigabatrin, and zonisamide.
Examples of useful antidepressants include, but are not limited to, binedaline, caroxazone, citalopram, (S)-citalopram, dimethazan, fencamine, indalpine, indeloxazine hydrocholoride, nefopam, nomifensine, oxitriptan, oxypertine, paroxetine, sertraline, thiazesim, trazodone, benmoxine, iproclozide, iproniazid, isocarboxazid, nialamide, octamoxin, phenelzine, cotinine, rolicyprine, rolipram, maprotiline, metralindole, mianserin, mirtazepine, adinazolam, amitriptyline, amitriptylinoxide, amoxapine, butriptyline, clomipramine, demexiptiline, desipramine, dibenzepin, dimetacrine, dothiepin, doxepin, fluacizine, imipramine, imipramine N-oxide, iprindole, lofepramine, melitracen, metapramine, nortriptyline, noxiptilin, opipramol, pizotyline, propizepine, protriptyline, quinupramine, tianeptine, trimipramine, adrafinil, benactyzine, bupropion, butacetin, dioxadrol, duloxetine, etoperidone, febarbamate, femoxetine, fenpentadiol, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, hematoporphyrin, hypericin, levophacetoperane, medifoxamine, milnacipran, minaprine, moclobemide, nefazodone, oxaflozane, piberaline, prolintane, pyrisuccideanol, ritanserin, roxindole, rubidium chloride, sulpiride, tandospirone, thozalinone, tofenacin, toloxatone, tranylcypromine, L-tryptophan, venlafaxine, viloxazine, and zimelidine.
Examples of useful Ca2+-channel blockers include, but are not limited to, bepridil, clentiazem, diltiazem, fendiline, gallopamil, mibefradil, prenylamine, semotiadil, terodiline, verapamil, amlodipine, aranidipine, barnidipine, benidipine, cilnidipine, efonidipine, elgodipine, felodipine, isradipine, lacidipine, lercanidipine, manidipine, nicardipine, nifedipine, nilvadipine, nimodipine, nisoldipine, nitrendipine, cinnarizine, flunarizine, lidoflazine, lomerizine, bencyclane, etafenone, fantofarone, and perhexyline.
Examples of useful anticancer agents include, but are not limited to, acivicin, aclarubicin, acodazole hydrochloride, acronine, adozelesin, aldesleukin, altretamine, ambomycin, ametantrone acetate, aminoglutethimide, amsacrine, anastrozole, anthramycin, asparaginase, asperlin, azacitidine, azetepa, azotomycin, batimastat, benzodepa, bicalutamide, bisantrene hydrochloride, bisnafide dimesylate, bizelesin, bleomycin sulfate, brequinar sodium, bropirimine, busulfan, cactinomycin, calusterone, caracemide, carbetimer, carboplatin, carmustine, carubicin hydrochloride, carzelesin, cedefingol, chlorambucil, cirolemycin, cisplatin, cladribine, crisnatol mesylate, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, dacarbazine, dactinomycin, daunorubicin hydrochloride, decitabine, dexormaplatin, dezaguanine, dezaguanine mesylate, diaziquone, docetaxel, doxorubicin, doxorubicin hydrochloride, droloxifene, droloxifene citrate, dromostanolone propionate, duazomycin, edatrexate, eflornithine hydrochloride, elsamitrucin, enloplatin, enpromate, epipropidine, epirubicin hydrochloride, erbulozole, esorubicin hydrochloride, estramustine, estramustine phosphate sodium, etanidazole, etoposide, etoposide phosphate, etoprine, fadrozole hydrochloride, fazarabine, fenretinide, floxuridine, fludarabine phosphate, fluorouracil, fluorocitabine, fosquidone, fostriecin sodium, gemcitabine, gemcitabine hydrochloride, hydroxyurea, idarubicin hydrochloride, ifosfamide, ilmofosine, interleukin II (including recombinant interleukin II or rIL2), interferon alpha-2a, interferon alpha-2b, interferon alpha-n1, interferon alpha-n3, interferon beta-I a, interferon gamma-I b, iproplatin, irinotecan hydrochloride, lanreotide acetate, letrozole, leuprolide acetate, liarozole hydrochloride, lometrexol sodium, lomustine, losoxantrone hydrochloride, masoprocol, maytansine, mechlorethamine hydrochloride, megestrol acetate, melengestrol acetate, melphalan, menogaril, mercaptopurine, methotrexate, methotrexate sodium, metoprine, meturedepa, mitindomide, mitocarcin, mitocromin, mitogillin, mitomalcin, mitomycin, mitosper, mitotane, mitoxantrone hydrochloride, mycophenolic acid, nocodazole, nogalamycin, ormaplatin, oxisuran, paclitaxel, pegaspargase, peliomycin, pentamustine, peplomycin sulfate, perfosfamide, pipobroman, piposulfan, piroxantrone hydrochloride, plicamycin, plomestane, porfimer sodium, porfiromycin, prednimustine, procarbazine hydrochloride, puromycin, puromycin hydrochloride, pyrazofurin, riboprine, rogletimide, safingol, safingol hydrochloride, semustine, simtrazene, sparfosate sodium, sparsomycin, spirogermanium hydrochloride, spiromustine, spiroplatin, streptonigrin, streptozotocin, sulofenur, talisomycin, tecogalan sodium, tegafur, teloxantrone hydrochloride, temoporfin, teniposide, teroxirone, testolactone, thiamiprine, thioguanine, thiotepa, tiazofurin, tirapazamine, toremifene citrate, trestolone acetate, triciribine phosphate, trimetrexate, trimetrexate glucuronate, triptorelin, tubulozole hydrochloride, uracil mustard, uredepa, vapreotide, verteporfin, vinblastine sulfate, vincristine sulfate, vindesine, vindesine sulfate, vinepidine sulfate, vinglycinate sulfate, vinleurosine sulfate, vinorelbine tartrate, vinrosidine sulfate, vinzolidine sulfate, vorozole, zeniplatin, zinostatin, zorubicin hydrochloride.
Examples of other anti-cancer drugs include, but are not limited to, 20-epi-1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3; 5-ethynyluracil; abiraterone; aclarubicin; acylfulvene; adecypenol; adozelesin; aldesleukin; ALL-TK antagonists; altretamine; ambamustine; amidox; amifostine; aminolevulinic acid; amrubicin; amsacrine; anagrelide; anastrozole; andrographolide; angiogenesis inhibitors; antagonist D; antagonist G; antarelix; anti-dorsalizing morphogenetic protein-1; antiandrogen, prostatic carcinoma; antiestrogen; antineoplaston; antisense oligonucleotides; aphidicolin glycinate; apoptosis gene modulators; apoptosis regulators; apurinic acid; ara-CDP-DL-PTBA; arginine deaminase; asulacrine; atamestane; atrimustine; axinastatin 1; axinastatin 2; axinastatin 3; azasetron; azatoxin; azatyrosine; baccatin III derivatives; balanol; batimastat; BCR/ABL antagonists; benzochlorins; benzoylstaurosporine; beta lactam derivatives; beta-alethine; betaclamycin B; betulinic acid; bFGF inhibitor; bicalutamide; bisantrene; bisaziridinylspermine; bisnafide; bistratene A; bizelesin; breflate; bropirimine; budotitane; buthionine sulfoximine; calcipotriol; calphostin C; camptothecin derivatives; canarypox IL-2; capecitabine; carboxamide-amino-triazole; carboxyamidotriazole; CaRest M3; CARN 700; cartilage derived inhibitor; carzelesin; casein kinase inhibitors (ICOS); castanospermine; cecropin B; cetrorelix; chlorins; chloroquinoxaline sulfonamide; cicaprost; cis-porphyrin; cladribine; clomifene analogues; clotrimazole; collismycin A; collismycin B; combretastatin A4; combretastatin analogue; conagenin; crambescidin 816; crisnatol; cryptophycin 8; cryptophycin A derivatives; curacin A; cyclopentanthraquinones; cycloplatam; cypemycin; cytarabine ocfosfate; cytolytic factor; cytostatin; dacliximab; decitabine; dehydrodidemnin B; deslorelin; dexamethasone; dexifosfamide; dexrazoxane; dexverapamil; diaziquone; didemnin B; didox; diethylnorspermine; dihydro-5-azacytidine; 9-dihydrotaxol; dioxamycin; diphenyl spiromustine; docetaxel; docosanol; dolasetron; doxifluridine; droloxifene; dronabinol; duocaimycin SA; ebselen; ecomustine; edelfosine; edrecolomab; eflornithine; elemene; emitefur; epirubicin; epristeride; estramustine analogue; estrogen agonists; estrogen antagonists; etanidazole; etoposide phosphate; exemestane; fadrozole; fazarabine; fenretinide; filgrastim; finasteride; flavopiridol; flezelastine; fluasterone; fludarabine; fluorodaunorunicin hydrochloride; forfenimex; formestane; fostriecin; fotemustine; gadolinium texaphyrin; gallium nitrate; galocitabine; ganirelix; gelatinase inhibitors; gemcitabine; glutathione inhibitors; hepsulfam; heregulin; hexamethylene bisacetamide; hypericin; ibandronic acid; idarubicin; idoxifene; idramantone; ilmofosine; ilomastat; imidazoacridones; imiquimod; immunostimulant peptides; insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor inhibitor; interferon agonists; interferons; interleukins; iobenguane; iododoxorubicin; 4-ipomeanol; iroplact; irsogladine; isobengazole; isohomohalicondrin B; itasetron; jasplakinolide; kahalalide F; lamellarin-N triacetate; lanreotide; leinamycin; lenograstim; lentinan sulfate; leptolstatin; letrozole; leukemia inhibiting factor; leukocyte alpha interferon; leuprolide+estrogen+progesterone; leuprorelin; levamisole; liarozole; linear polyamine analogue; lipophilic disaccharide peptide; lipophilic platinum compounds; lissoclinamide 7; lobaplatin; lombricine; lometrexol; lonidamine; losoxantrone; lovastatin; loxoribine; lurtotecan; lutetium texaphyrin; lysofylline; lytic peptides; maitansine; mannostatin A; marimastat; masoprocol; maspin; matrilysin inhibitors; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors; menogaril; merbarone; meterelin; methioninase; metoclopramide; MIF inhibitor; mifepristone; miltefosine; mirimostim; mismatched double stranded RNA; mitoguazone; mitolactol; mitomycin analogues; mitonafide; mitotoxin fibroblast growth factor-saporin; mitoxantrone; mofarotene; molgramostim; monoclonal antibody, human chorionic gonadotrophin; monophosphoryl lipid A+myobacterium cell wall sk; mopidamol; multiple drug resistance gene inhibitor; multiple tumor suppressor 1-based therapy; mustard anticancer agent; mycaperoxide B; mycobacterial cell wall extract; myriaporone; N-acetyldinaline; N-substituted benzamides; nafarelin; nagrestip; naloxone+pentazocine; napavin; naphterpin; nartograstim; nedaplatin; nemorubicin; neridronic acid; neutral endopeptidase; nilutamide; nisamycin; nitric oxide modulators; nitroxide antioxidant; nitrullyn; O6-benzylguanine; octreotide; okicenone; oligonucleotides; onapristone; odansteron; oracin; oral cytokine inducer; ormaplatin; osaterone; oxaliplatin; oxaunomycin; paclitaxel; paclitaxel analogues; paclitaxel derivatives; palauamine; palmitoylrhizoxin; pamidronic acid; panaxytriol; panomifene; parabactin; pazelliptine; pegaspargase; peldesine; pentosan polysulfate sodium; pentostatin; pentrozole; perflubron; perfosfamide; perillyl alcohol; phenazinomycin; phenylacetate; phosphatase inhibitors; picibanil; pilocarpine hydrochloride; pirarubicin; piritrexim; placetin A; placetin B; plasminogen activator inhibitor; platinum complex; platinum compounds; platinum-triamine complex; porfimer sodium; porfiromycin; prednisone; propyl bis-acridone; prostaglandin J2; proteasome inhibitors; protein A-based immune modulator; protein kinase C inhibitor; protein kinase C inhibitors, microalgal; protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors; purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitors; purpurins; pyrazoloacridine; pyridoxylated hemoglobin polyoxyethylene conjugate; raf antagonists; raltitrexed; ramosetron; ras farnesyl protein transferase inhibitors; ras inhibitors; ras-GAP inhibitor; retelliptine demethylated; rhenium Re 186 etidronate; rhizoxin; ribozymes; RII retinamide; rogletimide; rohitukine; romurtide; roquinimex; rubiginone B1; ruboxyl; safingol; saintopin; SarCNU; sarcophytol A; sargramostim; Sdi 1 mimetics; semustine; senescence derived inhibitor 1; sense oligonucleotides; signal transduction inhibitors; signal transduction modulators; single chain antigen binding protein; sizofuran; sobuzoxane; sodium borocaptate; sodium phenylacetate; solverol; somatomedin binding protein; sonermin; sparfosic acid; spicamycin D; spiromustine; splenopentin; spongistatin 1; squalamine; stem cell inhibitor; stem-cell division inhibitors; stipiamide; stromelysin inhibitors; sulfinosine; superactive vasoactive intestinal peptide antagonist; suradista; suramin; swainsonine; synthetic glycosaminoglycans; tallimustine; tamoxifen methiodide; tauromustine; tazarotene; tecogalan sodium; tegafur; tellurapyrylium; telomerase inhibitors; temoporfin; temozolomide; teniposide; tetrachlorodecaoxide; tetrazomine; thaliblastine; thiocoraline; thrombopoietin; thrombopoietin mimetic; thymalfasin; thymopoietin receptor agonist; thymotrinan; thyroid stimulating hormone; tin ethyl etiopurpurin; tirapazamine; titanocene bichloride; topsentin; toremifene; totipotent stem cell factor; translation inhibitors; tretinoin; triacetyluridine; triciribine; trimetrexate; triptorelin; tropisetron; turosteride; tyrosine kinase inhibitors; tyrphostins; UBC inhibitors; ubenimex; urogenital sinus-derived growth inhibitory factor; urokinase receptor antagonists; vapreotide; variolin B; vector system, erythrocyte gene therapy; velaresol; veramine; verdins; verteporfin; vinorelbine; vinxaltine; vitaxin; vorozole; zanoterone; zeniplatin; zilascorb; and zinostatin stimalamer.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing UI include, but are not limited to, propantheline, imipramine, hyoscyamine, oxybutynin, and dicyclomine.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing an ulcer include, antacids such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, and calcium bicarbonate; sucraflate; bismuth compounds such as bismuth subsalicylate and bismuth subcitrate; H2 antagonists such as cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, and nizatidine; H+, K+-ATPase inhibitors such as omeprazole, iansoprazole, and lansoprazole; carbenoxolone; misprostol; and antibiotics such as tetracycline, metronidazole, timidazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing IBD include, but are not limited to, anticholinergic drugs; diphenoxylate; loperamide; deodorized opium tincture; codeine; broad-spectrum antibiotics such as metronidazole; sulfasalazine; olsalazine; mesalamine; prednisone; azathioprine; mercaptopurine; and methotrexate.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing IBS include, but are not limited to, propantheline; muscarine receptor antogonists such as pirenzapine, methoctramine, ipratropium, tiotropium, scopolamine, methscopolamine, homatropine, homatropine methylbromide, and methantheline; and antidiarrheal drugs such as diphenoxylate and loperamide.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing an addictive disorder include, but are not limited to, methadone, desipramine, amantadine, fluoxetine, buprenorphine, an opiate agonist, 3-phenoxypyridine, levomethadyl acetate hydrochloride, and serotonin antagonists.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism include, but are not limited to, carbidopa/levodopa, pergolide, bromocriptine, ropinirole, pramipexole, entacapone, tolcapone, selegiline, amantadine, and trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing anxiety include, but are not limited to, benzodiazepines, such as alprazolam, brotizolam, chlordiazepoxide, clobazam, clonazepam, clorazepate, demoxepam, diazepam, estazolam, flumazenil, flurazepam, halazepam, lorazepam, midazolam, nitrazepam, nordazepam, oxazepam, prazepam, quazepam, temazepam, and triazolam; non-benzodiazepine agents, such as buspirone, gepirone, ipsapirone, tiospirone, zolpicone, zolpidem, and zaleplon; tranquilizers, such as barbituates, e.g., amobarbital, aprobarbital, butabarbital, butalbital, mephobarbital, methohexital, pentobarbital, phenobarbital, secobarbital, and thiopental; and propanediol carbamates, such as meprobamate and tybamate.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing epilepsy include, but are not limited to, carbamazepine, ethosuximide, gabapentin, lamotrigine, phenobarbital, phenyloin, primidone, valproic acid, trimethadione, benzodiazepines, γ-vinyl GABA, acetazolamide, and felbamate.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing stroke include, but are not limited to, anticoagulants such as heparin, agents that break up clots such as streptokinase or tissue plasminogen activator, agents that reduce swelling such as mannitol or corticosteroids, and acetylsalicylic acid.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing a seizure include, but are not limited to, carbamazepine, ethosuximide, gabapentin, lamotrigine, phenobarbital, phenyloin, primidone, valproic acid, trimethadione, benzodiazepines, gabapentin, lamotrigine, γ-vinyl GABA, acetazolamide, and felbamate.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing a pruritic condition include, but are not limited to, naltrexone; nalmefene; danazol; tricyclics such as amitriptyline, imipramine, and doxepin; antidepressants such as those given below, menthol; camphor; phenol; pramoxine; capsaicin; tar; steroids; and antihistamines.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing psychosis include, but are not limited to, phenothiazines such as chlorpromazine hydrochloride, mesoridazine besylate, and thoridazine hydrochloride; thioxanthenes such as chloroprothixene and thiothixene hydrochloride; clozapine; risperidone; olanzapine; quetiapine; quetiapine fumarate; haloperidol; haloperidol decanoate; loxapine succinate; molindone hydrochloride; pimozide; and ziprasidone.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing Huntington's chorea include, but are not limited to, haloperidol and pimozide.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing ALS include, but are not limited to, baclofen, neurotrophic factors, riluzole, tizanidine, benzodiazepines such as clonazepan and dantrolene.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing cognitive disorders include, but are not limited to, agents for treating or preventing dementia such as tacrine; donepezil; ibuprofen; antipsychotic drugs such as thioridazine and haloperidol; and antidepressant drugs such as those given below.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing a migraine include, but are not limited to, sumatriptan; methysergide; ergotamine; caffeine; and beta-blockers such as propranolol, verapamil, and divalproex.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing vomiting include, but are not limited to, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists such as odansteron, dolasetron, granisetron, and tropisetron; dopamine receptor antagonists such as prochlorperazine, thiethylperazine, chlorpromazin, metoclopramide, and domperidone; glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone; and benzodiazepines such as lorazepam and alprazolam.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing dyskinesia include, but are not limited to, reserpine and tetrabenazine.
Examples of useful therapeutic agents for treating or preventing depression include, but are not limited to, tricyclic antidepressants such as amitryptyline, amoxapine, bupropion, clomipramine, desipramine, doxepin, imipramine, maprotiline, nefazadone, nortriptyline, protriptyline, trazodone, trimipramine, and venlafaxine; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors such as citalopram, (S)-citalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, and setraline; monoamine oxidase inhibitors such as isocarboxazid, pargyline, phenelzine, and tranylcypromine; and psychostimulants such as dextroamphetamine and methylphenidate.
A Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound and the other therapeutic agent can act additively or, in one embodiment, synergistically. In one embodiment, a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound is administered concurrently with another therapeutic agent; for example, a composition comprising an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound and an effective amount of another therapeutic agent can be administered. Alternatively, a composition comprising an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound and a different composition comprising an effective amount of another therapeutic agent can be concurrently administered. In another embodiment, an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound is administered prior or subsequent to administration of an effective amount of another therapeutic agent. In this embodiment, the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound is administered while the other therapeutic agent exerts its therapeutic effect, or the other therapeutic agent is administered while the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound exerts its therapeutic effect for treating or preventing a Condition.
A composition of the invention is prepared by a method comprising admixing a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. Admixing can be accomplished using methods known for admixing a compound (or salt) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. In one embodiment the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound is present in the composition in an effective amount.
4.7 Kits
The invention encompasses kits that can simplify the administration of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound to an animal.
A typical kit of the invention comprises a unit dosage form of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound. In one embodiment, the unit dosage form is a container, which can be sterile, containing an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. The kit can further comprise a label or printed instructions instructing the use of the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound to treat a Condition. The kit can also further comprise a unit dosage form of another therapeutic agent, for example, a second container containing an effective amount of the other therapeutic agent and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. In another embodiment, the kit comprises a container containing an effective amount of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound, an effective amount of another therapeutic agent and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. Examples of other therapeutic agents include, but are not limited to, those listed above.
Kits of the invention can further comprise a device that is useful for administering the unit dosage forms. Examples of such a device include, but are not limited to, a syringe, a drip bag, a patch, an inhaler, and an enema bag.
The following examples are set forth to assist in understanding the invention and should not be construed as specifically limiting the invention described and claimed herein. Such variations of the invention, including the substitution of all equivalents now known or later developed, which would be within the purview of those skilled in the art, and changes in formulation or minor changes in experimental design, are to be considered to fall within the scope of the invention incorporated herein.
5. EXAMPLES
5.1 Example 1
Synthesis of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound J37(c)







A solution of 4-tert-butyl phenyl isocyanate 22 (2.45 g, 14 mmol) (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) in DCM (7 mL) was added to a solution of 1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4,5]decane 21 (2 g, 14 mmol) (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) in DCM (7 mL) at about 25° C. and the resulting reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 5 minutes. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to provide a compound of formula 23. The compound of formula 23 was dissolved in THF (20 mL) and 1N HCl in acetic acid (30 mL) was added to the solution. The resulting reaction mixture was then heated at reflux temperature for about 3 h, cooled to about 25° C., and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to provide a residue. The resulting residue was dissolved in DCM, neutralized with saturated aqueous Na2CO3 solution, and the organic layer separated from the aqueous layer. The aqueous layer was then extracted three times with DCM and the DCM layers combined. The combined DCM layers were dried (MgSO4) and the DCM removed under reduced pressure to provide a compound of formula 24. The compound of formula 24 was purified by column chromatography using a silica gel column eluted with hexane/ethyl acetate (1:1). The compound of formula 24 was obtained as a white solid (1.6 g, 42% yield).
The compound of formula 24 (1 g, 3.64 mmol) was dissolved in THF (100 mL) and the resulting solution cooled to about −78° C. To the cooled solution was then added a 1M solution of LiHMDS in THF (8.75 ml, 8.75 mmol) and the resulting reaction mixture was allowed to stir at about −78° C. for about 2 h. After stirring for 2 h, of 2-[N,N-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amino]-5-chloropyridine 5 (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) (1.43 g, 3.64 mmol), dissolved in about 5 mL of THF at −78° C., was added to the reaction mixture and the reaction mixture was allowed to stir at −78 C for another 2 h. The reaction mixture was then allowed to warm to about 25° C. and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to provide a residue. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography using a silica gel column eluted with hexane/ethyl acetate (5:1) to provide a compound of formula 25 as white solids (0.9 g, 62% yield).
The compound of formula 25, (0.9 g, 2.21 mmol) and palladium tetrakistriphenylphosphine (Pd(PPh3)4) (128 mg, 0.111 mmol) were dissolved in THF (50 ml) and 0.5 M solution of a compound of 3-methyl-2-pyridylzinc bromide 26 in THF (13.3 ml, 6.64 mmol) (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) was added to the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture was heated at reflux temperature for about 1 h, cooled to about 25° C., and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to provide a residue. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography using a silica gel column eluted with hexane/ethyl acetate (1:1) to provide Compound J37(c). Compound J37(c) was then further purified by trituation with ethyl acetate to provide Compound J37(c) as a white solid (490 mg, 63%).
The identity of Compound J37(c) was confirmed using 1H-NMR spectroscopy.
Compound J37(c): 1H-NMR (CDCl3): δ 1.31 (9H, s), 2.36 (3H, s), 2.64 (2H, br), 3.77 (2H, m), 4.19 (2H, m), 5.85 (1H, m), 6.48 (1H, s), 7.13 (1H, m), 7.33 (4H, dd), 7.52 (1H, m), 8.44 (1H, m).
5.2 Example 2
Synthesis of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound J39(c)







A solution of 4-iso-propyl phenyl isocyanate 27 (2.25 g, 14 mmol) (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) in DCM (7 mL) was added to a solution of 1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4,5]decane 21 (2 g, 14 mmol) (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) in DCM (7 mL) at about 25° C. and the resulting reaction mixture was allowed to stir for 5 minutes. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to provide a compound of formula 28. The compound of formula 28 was dissolved in DCM (30 mL) and trifluoroacetic acid (15 mL) was added to the solution. The resulting reaction mixture was then heated at reflux temperature for about 5 hours, cooled to about 25° C., and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to provide a residue. The resulting residue was dissolved in DCM, neutralized with saturated aqueous Na2CO3 solution, and the organic layer separated from the aqueous layer. The aqueous layer was then extracted three times with DCM and the DCM layers combined. The combined DCM layers were dried (MgSO4) and the DCM removed under reduced pressure to provide a compound of formula 29 as a white solid (3.6 g, quantitative yield).
The compound of formula 29 (1.5 g, 5.76 mmol) was dissolved in THF (100 mL) and the resulting solution cooled to about −78° C. To the cooled solution was then added a 1M solution of LiHMDS in THF (13.8 ml, 13.8 mmol) and the resulting reaction mixture was allowed to stir at about −78° C. for about 2 hours. After stirring for 2 h, 2-[N,N-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amino]-5-chloropyridine 5 (2.26 g, 5.76 mmol) (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)), dissolved in about 5 mL of THF at −78° C., was added to the reaction mixture and the reaction mixture was allowed to stir at −78° C. for another 2 h. The reaction mixture was then allowed to warm to about 25° C. and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to provide a residue. The resulting residue was purified by flash column chromatography using a silica gel column eluted with an hexane/ethyl acetate gradient (12:1 to 6:1) to provide a compound of formula 30 as yellow oil (0.5 g, 22% yield).
The compound of formula 30, (0.5 g, 1.25 mmol) and Pd(PPh3)4 (72.2 mg, 0.063 mmol) were dissolved in THF (20 mL) and 0.5 M solution of 3-methyl-2-pyridylzinc bromide 26 in THF (7.5 ml, 3.75 mmol) (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) was added to the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture was heated at reflux temperature for about 1 h, cooled to about 25° C., and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to provide a residue. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography using a silica gel column eluted with hexane/ethyl acetate (1:3) to provide Compound J39(c). Compound J39(c) was then further purified by trituation with diethylether followed by preparative thin-layer chromatography (silica gel eluted with hexane/ethyl acetate (1:1)) to provide Compound J39(c) as a white solid (20 mg, 5%).
The identity of Compound J39(c) was confirmed using 1H-NMR spectroscopy.
Compound J39(c): 1H-NMR (CDCl3):  1.25 (6H, d, J=6.7 Hz), 2.37 (3H, s), 2.66 (2H, m), 2.89 (1H, m), 3.78 (2H, t, J=11.2 Hz), 4.20 (2H, dd, J=2.7, 3 Hz), 5.86 (1H, m), 6.38 (1H, s), 7.13 (1H, dd, J=4.9, 7.9 Hz), 7.18 (2H, m), 7.32 (2H, m), 7.53 (1H, m), 8.45 (1H, m).
5.3 Example 3
Synthesis of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound J44(c)







A solution of 4-trifluoromethylphenyl isocyanate 31 (6.86 g) (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) was added in one portion to a solution of 1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4,5]decane 21 (5 g) (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) in DCM (40 mL) at about 25° C. and the resulting reaction mixture was allowed to stir for about 2 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to provide a compound of formula 32. The compound of formula 32 was dissolved in THF (100 mL) and 2N HCl (100 mL) was added to the solution. The resulting reaction mixture was then heated at about 50° C. for about 4 h and cooled to about 25° C. The aqueous and organic layers were then separated, the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (100 mL), and the organic layers were combined. The combined organic layers were then dried (MgSO4) and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to provide a residue. The residue was purified by column chromatography using a silica gel column eluted with hexane/ethyl acetate (1:1) to provide the compound of formula 33 (2.71 g).
The compound of formula 33 (1.03 g) was dissolved in THF (50 mL) and the resulting solution cooled to about −78° C. To the cooled solution was then added a 1M solution of LiHMDS in THF (9 mL) and the resulting reaction mixture was allowed to stir at about −78° C. for about 1 hour. After stirring for 1 h., 2-[N,N-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amino]-5-chloropyridine 5 (1.7 g,) (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) in 20 mL of THF was added dropwise to the reaction mixture over a period of about 20 minutes. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to provide a residue. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography using a silica gel column eluted with hexane/ethyl acetate (1:1) to provide a compound of formula 34 as white solids (0.9 g).
The compound of formula 34, (2.3 g) in THF (30 mL) was added in one portion to Pd(PPh3)4 (318 mg) in THF (70 mL) followed by 3-methyl-2-pyridylzinc bromide 26 (33 ml, 0.5 M in THF) (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)). The resulting reaction mixture was heated at reflux temperature for about 3 h, cooled to about 25° C., and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to provide a residue. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate and washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (2×100 mL) and water (100 mL). The ethyl acetate was then dried (Na2SO4) and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to provide a residue. The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography using a silica gel column eluted with hexane/ethyl acetate (1:2) to provide Compound J44(c) (1.8 g).
The identity of Compound J44(c) was confirmed using 1H-NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
Compound J44(c): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.44 (1H, dd, J4.7 and 1.1 Hz), 7.57-7.52 (5H, m), 7.13 (1H, dd, J7.7 and 4.7 Hz), 6.62 (1H, s), 5.87-5.85 (1H, m), 4.22 (2H, q, J2.7 Hz), 3.79 (2H, t, J5.6 Hz), 2.68-2.65 (2H, m) and 2.36 (3H, s).
MS (ES+) 362 (M+H)+.
5.4 Example 4
Synthesis of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound I14(c)







6-Methyl-2-amino-benzothiazole 35 (10 g, 60.89 mmol) (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) was dissolved in DMF (100 mL) and cooled to about 0° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. To the resulting solution was added 1,1-carbonyldiimidazole 36 (11.1 g, 66.98 mmol) (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred for about 1 h at about 0° C. The reaction mixture was then allowed to warm to about 25° C. over about 3 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with acetone (100 mL) and filtered to provide the acyl imidazolide 37 (13.2 g, 84%) as a white solid. The acyl imidazolide 37 was suspended in dry DMF (100 mL) under a nitrogen atmosphere and 1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane 21 (7.32 g, 51.1 mmol) (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) was added to the suspension and the resulting reaction mixture heated to about 100° C. for about 1 h. The solvent was then removed under reduced pressure to provide a residue. To the resulting residue was added 250 mL of a 1M sodium carbonate solution and the resulting mixture stirred vigorously for about 1 h. After stirring the reaction mixture was filtered to provide a solid that was washed with water (100 mL) and dried under reduced pressure to provide a compound of formula 38 as a white solid (16 g, 79%).
The compound of formula 38 (25.9 g, 77.68 mmol) was suspended in ethyl acetate (200 mL) and a 1:1 mixture of concentrated HCl and ethyl acetate (50 mL) was added to the solution. The resulting reaction mixture was heated at about 60° C. for about 1 h. The reaction mixture was then cooled to about 25° C. and partitioned between ethyl acetate (600 mL) and 2M potassium carbonate (600 mL). The organic phase was separated, dried (MgSO4), and the solvent removed under reduced pressure. The resulting solid was purified by column chromatography using a silica gel column eluted with DCM:methanol (50:1) to provide a compound of formula 39 as a white solid (12.4 g, 55%).
The compound of formula 39 (4.00 g, 13.82 mmol) was dissolved in dry THF 1(50 mL) and cooled to about −78° C. under an argon atmosphere. A 1 M solution of LiHMDS in THF (34.55 ml, 34.55 mmol) was added via syringe to the resulting solution and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred at about −78° C. for about 2 h. After stirring, 2-[N,N-bis)trifluoromethylsulphonyl)amino]-5-chloropyridine 5 (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo. (www.sigma-aldrich.com)) in THF (25 mL) was added dropwise to the reaction mixture, the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to about 25° C., and was stirred for about 18 h. The solvent was then removed under reduced pressure to provide a residue that was purified by column chromatography using a silica gel column eluted with ethyl acetate:hexanes (1:4) to provide a compound of formula 40 (4.6 g, 79.0%).
The compound of formula 40 (2.2 g, 5.22 mmol), 3-methyl-pyridin-2-yl zinc bromide 26 (4.4 g, 18.42 mmol), and Pd(PPh3)4 (0.355 g, 0.307 mmol) were dissolved in THF (80 mL) and the resulting reaction mixture was heated at reflux temperature for about 18 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to about 25° C. and partitioned between ethyl acetate (300 mL) and saturated brine solution (300 mL). The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4), and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to provide a residue. The residue was purified by column chromatography using a silica gel column eluted with ethyl acetate:hexanes (2:3) to provide Compound I141(c) as a white solid (1.1 g, 57%).
5.5 Example 5
Synthesis of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound I40(c)
Compound I40(c) was obtained by a method analogous to that used to obtain Compound I41(c), as described above in Example 4, except that 6-fluoro-2-amino-benzothiazole was used in place of 6-methyl-2-amino-benzothiazole.
5.6 Example 6
Binding of Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds to mGluR5
The following assay can be used to demonstrate that Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds bind to mGluR5 and, accordingly, are useful for treating or preventing, e.g., pain.
Cell Cultures:
Primary glial cultures are prepared from cortices of Sprague-Dawley 18 days old embryos. The cortices are dissected and then dissociated by trituration. The resulting cell homogenate is plated onto poly-D-lysine precoated T175 flasks (BIOCOAT, commercially available from Becton Dickinson and Company, Inc. of Franklin Lakes, N.J.) in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (“DMEM,” pH 7.4), buffered with 25 mM HEPES, and supplemented with 15% fetal calf serum (“FCS,” commercially available from Hyclone Laboratories Inc. of Omaha, Nebr.), and incubated at 37° C. and 5% CO2. After 24 hours, FCS supplementation is reduced to 10%. On day six, oligodendrocytes and microglia are removed by strongly tapping the sides of the flasks. One day following this purification step, secondary astrocyte cultures are established by subplating onto 96 poly-D-lysine precoated T175 flasks (BIOCOAT) at a density of 65,000 cells/well in DMEM and 10% FCS. After 24 hours, the astrocytes are washed with serum free medium and then cultured in DMEM, without glutamate, supplemented with 0.5% FCS, 20 mM HEPES, 10 ng/mL epidermal growth factor (“EGF”), 1 mM sodium pyruvate, and 1× penicillin/streptomycin at pH 7.5 for 3 to 5 days at 37° C. and 5% CO2. The procedure allows the expression of the mGluR5 receptor by astrocytes, as demonstrated by S. Miller et al., J. Neuroscience 15(9):6103-6109 (1995).
Assay Protocol:
After 3-5 days incubation with EGF, the astrocytes are washed with 127 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 2 mM MgCl2, 700 mM NaH2PO4, 2 mM CaCl2, 5 mM NaHCO3, 8 mM HEPES, 10 mM Glucose at pH 7.4 (“Assay Buffer”) and loaded with the dye Fluo-4 (commercially available from Molecular Probes Inc. of Eugene, Oreg.) using 0.1 mL of Assay Buffer containing Fluo-4 (3 mM final). After 90 minutes of dye loading, the cells are then washed twice with 0.2 mL Assay Buffer and resuspended in 0.1 mL of Assay Buffer. The plates containing the astrocytes are then transferred to a Fluorometric Imaging Plate reader (“FLIPR,” commercially available from Molecular Devices Corporation of Sunnyvale, Calif.) for the assessment of calcium mobilization flux in the presence of glutamate and in the presence or absence of antagonist. After monitoring fluorescence for 15 seconds to establish a baseline, DMSO solutions containing various concentrations of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound diluted in Assay Buffer (0.05 mL of 4× dilutions for competition curves) are added to the cell plate and fluorescence is monitored for 2 minutes. 0.05 mL of a 4× glutamate solution (agonist) is then added to each well to provide a final glutamate concentration in each well of 10 mM. Plate fluorescence is then monitored for an additional 60 seconds after agonist addition. The final DMSO concentration in the assay is 1.0%. In each experiment, fluorescence is monitored as a function of time and the data analyzed using Microsoft Excel and GraphPad Prism. Dose-response curves are fit using a non-linear regression to determine the IC50 value. In each experiment, each data point is determined two times.
5.7 Example 7
In Vivo Assays for Prevention or Treatment of Pain
Test Animals:
Each experiment uses rats weighing between 200-260 g at the start of the experiment. The rats are group-housed and have free access to food and water at all times, except prior to oral administration of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound when food is removed for 16 hours before dosing. A control group acts as a comparison to rats treated with a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound. The control group is administered the carrier for the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound. The volume of carrier administered to the control group is the same as the volume of carrier and Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound administered to the test group.
Acute Pain:
To assess the actions of the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds for the treatment or prevention of acute pain the rat tail flick test can be used. Rats are gently restrained by hand and the tail exposed to a focused beam of radiant heat at a point 5 cm from the tip using a tail flick unit (Model 7360, commercially available from Ugo Basile of Italy). Tail flick latencies are defined as the interval between the onset of the thermal stimulus and the flick of the tail. Animals not responding within 20 seconds are removed from the tail flick unit and assigned a withdrawal latency of 20 seconds. Tail flick latencies are measured immediately before (pre-treatment) and 1, 3, and 5 hours following administration of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound. Data are expressed as tail flick latency(s) and the percentage of the maximal possible effect (% MPE), i.e., 20 seconds, is calculated as follows:




  
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    ×
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The rat tail flick test is described in F. E. D'Amour et al., “A Method for Determining Loss of Pain Sensation,” J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 72:74-79 (1941).
Acute pain can also be assessed by measuring the animal's response to noxious mechanical stimuli by determining the paw withdrawal threshold (“PWT”), as described below.
Inflammatory Pain:
To assess the actions of the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds for the treatment or prevention of inflammatory pain the Freund's complete adjuvant (“FCA”) model of inflammatory pain is used. FCA-induced inflammation of the rat hind paw is associated with the development of persistent inflammatory mechanical hyperalgesia and provides reliable prediction of the anti-hyperalgesic action of clinically useful analgesic drugs (L. Bartho et al., “Involvement of Capsaicin-sensitive Neurones in Hyperalgesia and Enhanced Opioid Antinociception in Inflammation,” Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacol. 342:666-670 (1990)). The left hind paw of each animal is administered a 50 μL intraplantar injection of 50% FCA. 24 hour post injection, the animal is assessed for response to noxious mechanical stimuli by determining the PWT, as described below. Rats are then administered a single injection of 1, 3, 10 or 30 mg/Kg of either a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound; 30 mg/Kg of a control selected from Celebrex, indomethacin or naproxen; or carrier. Responses to noxious mechanical stimuli are then determined 1, 3, 5 and 24 hours post administration. Percentage reversal of hyperalgesia for each animal is defined as:




  
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Neuropathic Pain:
To assess the actions of the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds for the treatment or prevention of neuropathic pain either the Seltzer model or the Chung model can be used.
In the Seltzer model, the partial sciatic nerve ligation model of neuropathic pain is used to produce neuropathic hyperalgesia in rats (Z. Seltzer et al., “A Novel Behavioral Model of Neuropathic Pain Disorders Produced in Rats by Partial Sciatic Nerve Injury,” Pain 43:205-218 (1990)). Partial ligation of the left sciatic nerve is performed under isoflurane/O2 inhalation anaesthesia. Following induction of anesthesia, the left thigh of the rat is shaved and the sciatic nerve exposed at high thigh level through a small incision and is carefully cleared of surrounding connective tissues at a site near the trocanther just distal to the point at which the posterior biceps semitendinosus nerve branches off of the common sciatic nerve. A 7-0 silk suture is inserted into the nerve with a 3⁄8 curved, reversed-cutting mini-needle and tightly ligated so that the dorsal 1⁄3 to 1⁄2 of the nerve thickness is held within the ligature. The wound is closed with a single muscle suture (4-0 nylon (Vicryl)) and vetbond tissue glue. Following surgery, the wound area is dusted with antibiotic powder. Sham-treated rats undergo an identical surgical procedure except that the sciatic nerve is not manipulated. Following surgery, animals are weighed and placed on a warm pad until they recover from anesthesia. Animals are then returned to their home cages until behavioral testing begins. The animal is assessed for response to noxious mechanical stimuli by determining PWT, as described below, prior to surgery (baseline), then immediately prior to and 1, 3, and 5 hours after drug administration for rear paw of the animal. Percentage reversal of neuropathic hyperalgesia is defined as:




  
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In the Chung model, the spinal nerve ligation model of neuropathic pain is used to produce mechanical hyperalgesia, thermal hyperalgesia and tactile allodynia in rats. Surgery is performed under isoflurane/O2 inhalation anaesthesia. Following induction of anaesthesia a 3 cm incision is made and the left paraspinal muscles are separated from the spinous process at the L4-S2 levels. The L6 transverse process is carefully removed with a pair of small rongeurs to identify visually the L4-L6 spinal nerves. The left L5 (or L5 and L6) spinal nerve(s) is isolated and tightly ligated with silk thread. A complete hemostasis is confirmed and the wound is sutured using non-absorbable sutures, such as nylon sutures or stainless steel staples. Sham-treated rats undergo an identical surgical procedure except that the spinal nerve(s) is not manipulated. Following surgery animals are weighed, administered a subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of saline or ringers lactate, the wound area is dusted with antibiotic powder and they are kept on a warm pad until they recover from the anesthesia. Animals are then be returned to their home cages until behavioral testing begins. The animals are assessed for response to noxious mechanical stimuli by determining PWT, as described below, prior to surgery (baseline), then immediately prior to and 1, 3, and 5 hours after being administered a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound for the left rear paw of the animal. The animal can also be assessed for response to noxious thermal stimuli or for tactile allodynia, as described below. The Chung model for neuropathic pain is described in S. H. Kim, “An Experimental Model for Peripheral Neuropathy Produced by Segmental Spinal Nerve Ligation in the Rat,” Pain 50(3):355-363 (1992).

Response to Mechanical Stimuli as an Assessment of Mechanical Hyperalgesia:
The paw pressure assay can be used to assess mechanical hyperalgesia. For this assay, hind paw withdrawal thresholds (PWT) to a noxious mechanical stimulus are determined using an analgesymeter (Model 7200, commercially available from Ugo Basile of Italy) as described in C. Stein, “Unilateral Inflammation of the Hindpaw in Rats as a Model of Prolonged Noxious Stimulation: Alterations in Behavior and Nociceptive Thresholds,” Pharmacol. Biochem. and Behavior 31:451-455 (1988). The maximum weight that can be applied to the hind paw is set at 250 g and the end point is taken as complete withdrawal of the paw. PWT is determined once for each rat at each time point and only the affected (ipsilateral) paw is tested.
Response to Thermal Stimuli as an Assessment of Thermal Hyperalgesia:
The plantar test can be used to assess thermal hyperalgesia. For this test, hind paw withdrawal latencies to a noxious thermal stimulus are determined using a plantar test apparatus (commercially available from Ugo Basile of Italy) following the technique described by K. Hargreaves et al., “A New and Sensitive Method for Measuring Thermal Nociception in Cutaneous Hyperalgesia,” Pain 32(1):77-88 (1988). The maximum exposure time is set at 32 seconds to avoid tissue damage and any directed paw withdrawal from the heat source is taken as the end point. Three latencies are determined at each time point and averaged. Only the affected (ipsilateral) paw is tested.
Assessment of Tactile Allodynia:
To assess tactile allodynia, rats are placed in clear, plexiglass compartments with a wire mesh floor and allowed to habituate for a period of at least 15 minutes. After habituation, a series of von Frey monofilaments are presented to the plantar surface of the left (operated) foot of each rat. The series of von Frey monofilaments consists of six monofilaments of increasing diameter, with the smallest diameter fiber presented first. Five trials are conducted with each filament with each trial separated by approximately 2 minutes. Each presentation lasts for a period of 4-8 seconds or until a nociceptive withdrawal behavior is observed. Flinching, paw withdrawal or licking of the paw are considered nociceptive behavioral responses.
5.8 Example 8
In Vivo Assays for Prevention or Treatment of Anxiety
The elevated plus maze test or the shock-probe burying test can be used to assess the anxiolytic activity of Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds in rats or mice.
The Elevated Plus Maze Test:
The elevated plus maze consists of a platform with 4 arms, two open and two closed (50×10×50 cm enclosed with an open roof). Rats (or mice) are placed in the center of the platform, at the crossroad of the 4 arms, facing one of the closed arms. Time spent in the open arms vs the closed arms and number of open arm entries during the testing period are recorded. This test is conducted prior to drug administration and again after drug administration. Test results are expressed as the mean time spent in open arms and the mean number of entries into open arms. Known anxiolytic drugs increase both the time spent in open arms and number of open arm entries. The elevated plus maze test is described in D. Treit, “Animal Models for the Study of Anti-anxiety Agents: A Review,” Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 9(2):203-222 (1985).
The Shock-Probe Burying Test:
For the shock-probe burying test the testing apparatus consists of a plexiglass box measuring 40×30×40 cm, evenly covered with approximately 5 cm of bedding material (odor absorbent kitty litter) with a small hole in one end through which a shock probe (6.5 cm long and 0.5 cm in diameter) is inserted. The plexiglass shock probe is helically wrapped with two copper wires through which an electric current is administered. The current is set at 2 mA. Rats are habituated to the testing apparatus for 30 min on 4 consecutive days without the shock probe in the box. On test day, rats are placed in one corner of the test chamber following drug administration. The probe is not electrified until the rat touches it with its snout or fore paws, at which point the rat receives a brief 2 mA shock. The 15 min testing period begins once the rat receives its first shock and the probe remains electrified for the remainder of the testing period. The shock elicits burying behavior by the rat. Following the first shock, the duration of time the rat spends spraying bedding material toward or over the probe with its snout or fore paws (burying behavior) is measured as well as the number of contact-induced shocks the rat receives from the probe. Known anxiolytic drugs reduce the amount of burying behavior. In addition, an index of the rat's reactivity to each shock is scored on a 4 point scale. The total time spent immobile during the 15 min testing period is used as an index of general activity. The shock-probe burying test is described in D. Treit, 1985, supra.
5.9 Example 9
In Vivo Assays for Prevention or Treatment of an Addictive Disorder
The conditioned place preference test or drug self-administration test can be used to assess the ability of Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds to attenuate the rewarding properties of known drugs of abuse.
The Conditioned Place Preference Test:
The apparatus for the conditioned place preference test consists of two large compartments (45×45×30 cm) made of wood with a plexiglass front wall. These two large compartments are distinctly different. Doors at the back of each large compartment lead to a smaller box (36×18×20 cm) box made of wood, painted grey, with a ceiling of wire mesh. The two large compartments differ in terms of shading (white vs black), level of illumination (the plexiglass door of the white compartment is covered with aluminum foil except for a window of 7×7 cm), texture (the white compartment has a 3 cm thick floor board (40×40 cm) with nine equally spaced 5 cm diameter holes and the black has a wire mesh floor), and olfactory cues (saline in the white compartment and 1 mL of 10% acetic acid in the black compartment). On habituation and testing days, the doors to the small box remain open, giving the rat free access to both large compartments.
The first session that a rat is placed in the apparatus is a habituation session and entrances to the smaller grey compartment remain open giving the rat free access to both large compartments. During habituation, rats generally show no preference for either compartment. Following habituation, rats are given 6 conditioning sessions. Rats are divided into 4 groups: carrier pre-treatment+carrier (control group), Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound pre-treatment+carrier, carrier pre-treatment+morphine, Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound pre-treatment+morphine. During each conditioning session the rat is injected with one of the drug combinations and confined to one compartment for 30 min. On the following day, the rat receives a carrier+carrier treatment and is confined to the other large compartment. Each rat receives three conditioning sessions consisting of 3 drug combination-compartment and 3 carrier-compartment pairings. The order of injections and the drug/compartment pairings are counterbalanced within groups. On the test day, rats are injected prior to testing (30 min to 1 hour) with either morphine or carrier and the rat is placed in the apparatus, the doors to the grey compartment remain open and the rat is allowed to explore the entire apparatus for 20 min. The time spent in each compartment is recorded. Known drugs of abuse increase the time spent in the drug-paired compartment during the testing session. If the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound blocks the acquisition of morphine conditioned place preference (reward), there will be no difference in time spent in each side in rats pre-treated with a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound and the group will not be different from the group of rats that was given carrier+carrier in both compartments. Data will be analyzed as time spent in each compartment (drug combination-paired vs carrier-paired). Generally, the experiment is repeated with a minimum of 3 doses of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound.
The Drug Self-Administration Test:
The apparatus for the drug self-administration test is a standard commercially available operant conditioning chamber. Before drug trials begin rats are trained to press a lever for a food reward. After stable lever pressing behavior is acquired, rats are tested for acquisition of lever pressing for drug reward. Rats are implanted with chronically indwelling jugular catheters for i.v. administration of compounds and are allowed to recover for 7 days before training begins. Experimental sessions are conducted daily for 5 days in 3 hour sessions. Rats are trained to self-administer a known drug of abuse, such as morphine. Rats are then presented with two levers, an “active” lever and an “inactive” lever. Pressing of the active lever results in drug infusion on a fixed ratio 1 (FR1) schedule (i.e., one lever press gives an infusion) followed by a 20 second time out period (signaled by illumination of a light above the levers). Pressing of the inactive lever results in infusion of excipient. Training continues until the total number of morphine infusions stabilizes to within ±10% per session. Trained rats are then used to evaluate the effect of Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds pre-treatment on drug self-administration. On test day, rats are pre-treated with a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound or excipient and then are allowed to self-administer drug as usual. If the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound blocks the rewarding effects of morphine, rats pre-treated with the Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound will show a lower rate of responding compared to their previous rate of responding and compared to excipient pre-treated rats. Data is analyzed as the change in number of drug infusions per testing session (number of infusions during test session−number of infusions during training session).
5.10 Example 10
Functional Assay for Characterizing mGluR1 Antagonistic Properties
Functional assays for the characterization of mGluR 1 antagonistic properties are known in the art. For example, the following procedure can be used.
A CHO-rat mGluR1 cell line is generated using cDNA encoding rat mGluR1 receptor (M. Masu and S. Nakanishi, Nature 349:760-765 (1991)). The cDNA encoding rat mGluR1 receptor can be obtained from, e.g., Prof. S, Nakanishi (Kyoto, Japan).
40,000 CHO-rat mGluR1 cells/well are plated into a COSTAR 3409, black, clear bottom, 96 well, tissue culture treated plate (commercially available from Fisher Scientific of Chicago, Ill.) and are incubated in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM, pH 7.4) supplemented with glutamine, 10% FBS, 1% Pen/Strep, and 500 μg/mL Geneticin for about 12 h. The CHO-rat mGluR1 cells are then washed and treated with OPTIMEM medium (commercially available from Invitrogen, Carlsbad, Calif.) and incubated for a time period ranging from 1 to 4 hours prior to loading the cells with the dye FLUO-4 (commercially available from Molecular Probes Inc., Eugene, Oreg.). After incubation, the cell plates are washed with loading buffer (127 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 2 mM MgCl2, 700 μM, NaH2PO4, 2 mM CaCl2, 5 mMNaHCO3, 8 mM HEPES, and 10 mM glucose, pH 7.4) and incubated with 3 μM FLUO-4 in 0.1 mL loading buffer for 90 min. The cells are then washed twice with 0.2 mL loading buffer, resuspended in 0.1 mL of loading buffer, and transferred to a FLIPR for measurement of calcium mobilization flux in the presence of glutamate and in the presence or absence of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound.
To measure calcium mobilization flux, fluoresence is monitored for about 15 s to establish a baseline and DMSO solutions containing various concentrations of a Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound ranging from about 50 μM to about 0.8 nM diluted in loading buffer (0.05 mL of a 4× dilution) are added to the cell plate and fluoresence is monitored for about 2 min. 0.05 mL of a 4× glutamate solution (agonist) is then added to each well to provide a final glutamate concentration in each well of 10 μM and fluoresence is monitored for about 1 additional min. The final DMSO concentration in the assay is 1%. In each experiment fluoresence is monitored as a function of time and the data is analyzed using a non-linear regression to determine the IC50 value. In each experiment each data point is determined twice.
5.11 Example 11
Binding of Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds to VR1
Methods for assaying compounds capable of inhibiting VR1 are known to those skilled in the art, for example, those methods disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,239,267 to Duckworth et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 6,406,908 to McIntyre et al.; or U.S. Pat. No. 6,335,180 to Julius et al. The results of these assays will demonstrate that Cycloheteroalkenyl Compounds bind to and modulate the activity of VR1.
Binding of Compound A19(c) to VR1
Assay Protocol
Human VR1 Cloning:
Human spinal cord RNA (commercially available from Clontech, Palo Alto, Calif.) was used. Reverse transcription was conducted on 1.0 μg total RNA using Thermoscript Reverse Transcriptase (commercially available from Invitrogen, Carlsbad, Calif.) and oligo dT primers as detailed in its product description. Reverse transcription reactions were incubated at 55° C. for 1 h, heat-inactivated at 85° C. for 5 min, and RNase H-treated at 37° C. for 20 min.
Human VR1 cDNA sequence was obtained by comparison of the human genomic sequence, prior to annotation, to the published rat sequence. Intron sequences were removed and flanking exonic sequences were joined to generate the hypothetical human cDNA. Primers flanking the coding region of human VR1 were designed as follows: forward primer, GAAGATCTTCGCTGGTTGCACACTGGGCCACA (SEQ ID NO:1); and reverse primer, GAAGATCTTCGGGGACAGTGACGGTTGGATGT (SEQ ID NO:2).
PCR of VR1 was performed on one tenth of the Reverse transcription reaction mixture using Expand Long Template Polymerase and Expand Buffer 2 in a final volume of 50 μL according to the manufacturer's instructions (Roche Applied Sciences, Indianapolis, Ind.). After denaturation at 94° C. for 2 min PCR amplification was performed for 25 cycles at 94° C. for 15 sec, 58° C. for 30 sec, and 68° C. for 3 min followed by a final incubation at 72° C. for 7 min to complete the amplification. A PCR product of  ̃2.8 kb was gel-isolated using a 1.0% agarose, Tris-Acetate gel containing 1.6 μg/mL of crystal violet and purified with a S.N.A.P. UV-Free Gel Purification Kit (commercially available from Invitrogen). The VR1 PCR product was cloned into the pIND/V5-His-TOPO vector (commercially available from Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. DNA preparations, restriction enzyme digestions, and preliminary DNA sequencing were performed according to standard protocols. Full-length sequencing confirmed the identity of the human VR1.
Generation of Inducible Cell Lines:
Unless noted otherwise, cell culture reagents were purchased from Life Technologies of Rockville, Md. HEK293-EcR cells expressing the ecdysone receptor (commercially available from Invitrogen) were cultured in Growth Medium (Dulbecco's Modified Eagles Medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (commercially available from HYCLONE, Logan, Utah), 1× penicillin/streptomycin, 1× glutamine, 1 mM sodium pyruvate and 400 μg/mL Zeocin (commercially available from Invitrogen)). The VR1-pIND constructs were transfected into the HEK293-EcR cell line using Fugene transfection reagent (commercially available from Roche Applied Sciences, Basel, Switzerland). After 48 h, cells were transferred to Selection Medium (Growth Medium containing 300 μg/mL G418 (commercially available from Invitrogen)). Approximately 3 weeks later individual Zeocin/G418 resistant colonies were isolated and expanded. To identify functional clones, multiple colonies were plated into 96-well plates and expression was induced for 48 h using Selection Medium supplemented with 5 μM ponasterone A (“PonA”) (commercially available from Invitrogen). On the day of assay, cells were loaded with Fluo-4 (a calcium-sensitive dye that is commercially available from Molecular Probes, Eugene, Oreg.) and CAP-mediated calcium influx was measured using a FLIPR as described below. Functional clones were re-assayed, expanded, and cryopreserved.
pH-Based Assay:
Two days prior to performing this assay, cells were seeded on poly-D-lysine-coated 96-well clear-bottom black plates (commercially available from Becton-Dickinson) at 75,000 cells/well in growth media containing 5 μM PonA (commercially available from Invitrogen) to induce expression. On the day of the assay, the plates were washed with 0.2 mL 1× Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (commercially available from Life Technologies) containing 1.6 mM CaCl2 and 20 mM HEPES, pH 7.4 (“wash buffer”), and loaded using 0.1 mL of wash buffer containing Fluo-4 (3 μM final concentration, commercially available from Molecular Probes). After 1 h, the cells were washed twice with 0.2 mL wash buffer and resuspended in 0.05 mL 1× Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (commercially available from Life Technologies) containing 3.5 mM CaCl2 and 10 mM Citrate, pH 7.4 (“assay buffer”). Plates were then transferred to a FLIPR for assay. Compound A19(c) was diluted in assay buffer, and 50 mL of the resultant solution were added to the cell plates and the solution monitored for two minutes. The final concentration of Compound A19(c) ranged from about 50 pM to about 3 μM. Agonist buffer (wash buffer titrated with 1N HCl to provide a solution having a pH of 5.5 when mixed 1:1 with assay buffer) (0.1 mL) was then added to each well, and the plates were incubated for 1 additional minute. Data were collected over the entire time course and analyzed using Excel and Graph Pad Prism. Compound A19(c) when assayed according to this protocol had an IC50 of 735 nM.
Capsaicin-Based Assay:
Two days prior to performing this assay, cells were seeded in poly-D-lysine-coated 96-well clear-bottom black plates (50,000 cells/well) in growth media containing 5 μM PonA (commercially available from Invitrogen) to induce expression. On the day of the assay, the plates were washed with 0.2 mL 1× Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (commercially available from Life Technologies) containing 1 mM CaCl2 and 20 mM HEPES, pH 7.4, and cells were loaded using 0.1 mL of wash buffer containing Fluo-4 (3 μM final). After one hour, the cells were washed twice with 0.2 mL of wash buffer and resuspended in 0.1 mL of wash buffer. The plates were transferred to a FLIPR for assay. 50 μL of Compound A19(c) diluted with assay buffer were added to the cell plates and incubated for 2 min. The final concentration of Compound A19(c) ranged from about 50 pM to about 3 μM. Human VR1 was activated by the addition of 50 μL of capsaicin (400 nM), and the plates were incubated for an additional 3 min. Data were collected over the entire time course and analyzed using Excel and GraphPad Prism. Compound A19(c) when assayed according to this protocol had an IC50 of 19 nM.
The results of the pH-based assay and the capsaicin-based assay demonstrate that Compound A19(c), an illustrative Cycloheteroalkenyl Compound, binds to and modulates the activity of human VR1.
The present invention is not to be limited in scope by the specific embodiments disclosed in the examples which are intended as illustrations of a few aspects of the invention and any embodiments that are functionally equivalent are within the scope of this invention. Indeed, various modifications of the invention in addition to those shown and described herein will become apparent to those skilled in the art and are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
A number of references have been cited, the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

## Claims

1. A method of treating pain in an animal, comprising administering to an animal in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the compound of formula (I) having the structure:




wherein
Ar1 is




Ar2 is




X is O, S, N—CN, N—OH, or N—OR10;
R1 is —H, -halo, —CH3, —NO2, —CN, —OH, —OCH3, —NH2, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, or —CH2(halo);
each R2 is independently:
(a) -halo, —OH, —CN, or —NO2;
(b) —(C1-C10)alkyl, —(C2-C10)alkenyl, —(C2-C10)alkynyl, —(C3-C10)cycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkyl, —(C5-C10)cycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkenyl, -(3- to 7-membered)heterocycle, or -(7- to 10-membered)bicycloheterocycle, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R5 groups; or
(c) -phenyl, -naphthyl, —(C14)aryl or -(5- to 10-membered)heterocycle, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R6 groups;
each R3 is independently:
(a) -halo, —CN, —OH, —NO2, or —NH2;
(b) —(C1-C1alkyl, —(C2-C10)alkenyl, —(C2-C10)alkynyl, —(C3-C10)cycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkyl, —(C5-C10)cycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkenyl, -(3- to 7-membered)heterocycle, or -(7- to 10-membered)bicycloheterocycle, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R5 groups; or
(c) -phenyl, -naphthyl, —(C14)aryl or -(5- to 10-membered)heterocycle, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R6 groups;
each R5 is independently —CN, —OH, —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7;
each R6 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, -(3- to 5-membered)heterocycle, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7;
each R7 is independently —H, —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, -(3- to 5-membered)heterocycle, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, or —CH2(halo);
each R8 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7;
R10 is —(C1-C4)alkyl;
each R11 is independently —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7;
each halo is independently —F, —Cl, —Br, or —I;
m is 0 or 1;
is an integer ranging from 0 to 4;
p is an integer ranging from 0 to 2;
q is an integer ranging from 0 to 6;
s is an integer ranging from 0 to 4; and
r is an integer ranging from 0 to 5.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein Ar2 is




wherein R8 and s are as defined in claim 1.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein Ar2 is




wherein (R8)a and (R8)b are each —H or —(C1-C6 alkyl); (R8)a is —H and (R8)b is —(C1-C6)alkyl, -halo, —C(halo)3, —O(C1-C6)alkyl, or —OC(halo)3; or (R8)b is —H and (R8)a is —(C1-C6)alkyl, -halo, —C(halo)3, —O(C1-C6)alkyl, or —OC(halo)3.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein X is O; (R8)a and (R8)b are each —H or —CH3; (R8)a is —H and (R8)b is —(C1-C6)alkyl, -halo, —CF3, —OCH3, —OCH2CH3, or —OCF3; or (R8)b is —H and (R8)a is —Cl, —Br, —F, —CH3, -iso-propyl, -tert-butyl, —CF3, —OCH3, —OCH2CH3, or —OCF3.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein X is O, p and m are each 0, R1 is hydrogen, halo, —CH3, —NO2, —CN, —OH, —CF3, or —CHF2.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein (R8)a is —H and (R8)b is —(C1-C6)alkyl or -halo.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein (R8)b is an iso-propyl group or a tert-butyl group.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein m is 0.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein R1 is -halo, —CH3, or —C(halo)3.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein p is 1 and R2 is -halo, —OH, —NH2, —CN, or —NO2.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein
p is 1, and
R2 is —(C1-C10)alkyl, —(C2-C10)alkenyl, —(C2-C10)alkynyl, —(C3-C10)cycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkyl, —(C5-C10)cycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)bicycloalkenyl, —(C8-C14)tricycloalkenyl, -(3- to 7-membered)heterocycle, or -(7- to 10-membered)bicycloheterocycle, each of which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R5 groups.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein m is 1 and R3 is -halo, —CN, —OH, —NO2, or —NH2.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein m is 1 and R3 is —CH3.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein Ar2 is



o is 1; and
R8 is —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein Ar2 is



o is 1; and
R8 is —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein Ar2 is



r is 1; and
R8 is —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C2-C6)alkenyl, —(C2-C6)alkynyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, —(C5-C8)cycloalkenyl, -phenyl, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, —CH2(halo), —CN, —OH, -halo, —N3, —NO2, —N(R7)2, —CH═NR7, —NR7OH, —OR7, —COR7, —C(O)OR7, —OC(O)R7, —OC(O)OR7, —SR7, —S(O)R7, or —S(O)2R7.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein X is O, m is 0, and Ar2 is

18. The method of claim 17, wherein r is 1, Ar2 is substituted at the 4-position, p is zero, m is zero, R1 is hydrogen, halo, —CH3, —NO2, —CN, —OH, —C(halo)3, —CH(halo)2, or —CH2(halo), and R8 is halo, —(C1-C6)alkyl, —OC(halo)3, —O(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C3-C8)cycloalkyl, or —C(halo)3.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein R1 is halo.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein R1 is F.

21. The method of claim 18, wherein R1 is hydrogen, halo, —CH3, —NO2, —CN, —OH, —CF3, —CHF2, or —CH2F.

22. The method of claim 1, wherein said pain is chronic pain.

23. The method of claim 1, further comprising administering an effective amount of an opioid agonist.

24. The method of claim 1, further comprising administering an effective amount of a non-opioid analgesic.

25. The method of claim 1, further comprising administering an effective amount of an agent for inhibiting vomiting.

26. The method of claim 1, wherein the animal is a human.