# Patent

## Title
Method for scheduling frequency channels

## Abstract

The invention concerns a method for scheduling frequency channels implemented in a device for a narrowband radiocommunication system sharing with a broadband radiocommunication system, each comprising a narrowband base station and a broadband base station, and the same frequency band, the frequency band being in part divided into a given number of frequency blocks, each comprising a given number of carrier frequencies to optionally be allocated to the narrowband base stations. The device comprises a means for associating carrier frequencies with the narrowband base stations and a means for distributing over the frequency band the carrier frequencies associated with the narrowband base stations such that each frequency block comprises at least two distinct groups of carrier frequencies, each associated with a different base station, the two groups of carrier frequencies being selected according to a distribution rule such that interference relating to the emission of the base stations associated with groups of carrier frequencies distributed in the same frequency block have a minimum interfered surface area.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a 35 USC §371 U.S. national stage filing of International Patent Application No. PCT/EP2011/001170 filed on Mar. 10, 2011, which claims priority under the Paris Convention and 35 USC §119 to French Patent Application No. 10 03775, filed on Sep. 22, 2010.
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present invention relates in a general manner to a method for scheduling frequency channels, also called carrier frequencies, for a narrowband radiocommunication system sharing with a broadband radiocommunication system, in one and the same geographical zone, radioelectric transmission sites and one and the same frequency band.
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
A radiocommunication system SY comprising a first broadband radiocommunication system SYBB and a second narrowband radiocommunication system SYNB which are deployed on the same radioelectric transmission sites in a determined geographical zone is known. The operator of these sites can thus offer over this same zone at one and the same time narrowband services and broadband services. According to the prior art, these two systems operate in separate frequency bands to avoid mutual interference.
With reference to FIG. 1, the radiocommunication system SY comprises a plurality of sites, called cells C1 to CC. For a better understanding of FIG. 1, only 4 cells C1, C2, C3 and Cc are detailed. Each cell Cc, with 1≦c≦C, comprises first and second base stations, respectively BSBB,c, BSNB,c and mobile stations MS1 to MSK which communicate with the base stations through the radio resources shared in the respective frequency bands ΔFsyBB for broadband communications and ΔFsyNB for narrowband communications. More particularly, each cell Cc comprises a first base station BSBB,c, called a broadband base station BSBB,c in the subsequent description, able to communicate radioelectrically with mobile stations in a broadband radiocommunication network of the first radiocommunication system SYBB. Each cell Cc also comprises a second base station BSNB, called a narrowband base station BSNB,c in the subsequent description, able to communicate radioelectrically with mobile stations in a narrowband radiocommunication network of the second radiocommunication system SYNB. The mobile stations present in a cell and operating according to a single one of the two modes of communication, broadband or narrowband, register respectively with one of the two base stations BSBB,c or BSNB,c according to their mode of operation. Mobile stations operating according to both modes of communication can register with one of the two base stations by choice or with both base stations.
For radiocommunication systems SYBB and SYNB of FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) type, the respective predetermined frequency bands ΔFsyBB and ΔFsyNB each comprise a first frequency band ΔFsyBBe, respectively ΔFsyBBe, for the emission of communications from the base stations BSBB,c or BSNB,c to the mobile stations, supplemented with a second frequency band of the same width ΔFsyBBr, respectively ΔFsyBBr called the duplex band, for the receptions of communications originating from the mobile stations by the base stations BSBB,c or BSNB,c. The first frequency band ΔFsyBBe, respectively ΔFsyBBe and the second associated frequency band ΔFsyBBr, respectively ΔFsyNBr are shifted by one and the same duplex gap ΔFD.
The broadband radiocommunication system SYBB is for example of the WIMAX (“Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access”) type based on an Air interface according to the IEEE 802.16 standard, more particularly according to the 802.16m standard, or for example of the LTE (Long Term Evolution) standard which employs wide frequency bands ΔFsyBBe and ΔFsyBBr each typically greater than a Mega-Hertz, for example 1.25 MHz, 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz or 20 MHz.
As shown in FIG. 2A, in the broadband radiocommunication system SYBB, each predetermined frequency band ΔFsyBBe and ΔFsyBBr is divided into J frequency blocks respectively BFe1 to BFeJ and BFr1 to BFrJ, each of bandwidth ΔBF, typically of a few hundred Kilo-Hertz, for example ΔBF=180 kHz in the case of a system according to the LTE standard. Each block BFej, BFrj, with 1≦j≦J, comprises N consecutive and regularly distributed carrier frequencies Fj,1 . . . Fj,n, . . . Fj,N of channel width ΔF=ΔFsye/(J×N), with 1≦n≦N. For example, in the case of the LTE standard, N is equal to 12 and the interval ΔF between two consecutive sub-carriers is equal to 15 kHz, so that ΔBF=N×δF=12×15 kHz=180 kHz.
Radio resources are allocated to a base station BSBB,c for a high data throughput transmission to (or from) a mobile station operating at least in broadband mode. FIG. 2B is an illustration of the radio resources shared by the broadband base stations BSBB in a downlink communication channel in the frequency band ΔFsyBBe during a time frame TP, and are similar in the uplink communication channel (not represented). A communication channel, downlink or uplink, of the LTE broadband system corresponds to the set of resources in the frequency band ΔFsyBBe (or ΔFsyBBr) during a time frame TP. The radio resources are blocks of resources, each BRj,tp defined on a frequency block BFej (or BFrj depending on the direction of the channel) during a specific time window tp, called a time pitch, consisting of several symbol times within the meaning of OFDM modulation. A communication channel comprises common sub-channels CNC for synchronization and broadcasting of the system information between the broadband base stations, and transport sub-channels for exchanges of data and of signaling between the base stations and the mobile terminals. The common sub-channels CNC correspond to a set of resource blocks extending over a few contiguous frequency blocks (six in the case of LTE) for a few symbol times and are repeated in part in the time frame TP. The other blocks of resources correspond to the transport sub-channels and are shared between the C base stations BSBB,1 to BSBB,c of the radiocommunication system SYBB according to a known method for allocating resources, such as frequency reuse according to a specific factor for example a factor of 3 or a factor of 1, or such as fractional frequency reuse. With reference to FIG. 2B, on the frequency plan, several frequency blocks, for example blocks BFej to BFej+5, comprise few resource blocks intended for the sub-channels CNC and resource blocks intended for the transport sub-channels. The other frequency blocks comprise resource blocks intended solely for the transport channels, for example the frequency block BFe1 with reference to FIG. 2B.
The narrowband radiocommunication system SYNB is for example a TETRA (“TErrestrial Trunked RAdio”) or TETRAPOL system whose channel width δf is of the order of a few Kilo-Hertz for example 10 kHz, 12.5 kHz or 25 kHz, this width δf also being the frequency pitch separating two carrier frequencies. With reference to FIG. 3A, the uplink and/or downlink communication frequency channel of the narrowband system between a narrowband base station and a mobile terminal corresponds to a carrier frequency fec,p or frc,p (represented fe/rc,p in FIG. 3A) of channel width δf. The useful bandwidth δb of the filtered frequency signal is less than the width of the channel δf. For example, for a channel width δf of 10 KHz the bandwidth δb will be for example 8 KHz.
With reference to FIG. 3B, in the narrowband radiocommunication system SYNB of FDD type, the usual distribution of the frequency plan is such that to each cell Cc are allocated two groups of P carrier frequencies fec,1 . . . fec,p, . . . fec,P and frc,1 . . . frc,p, . . . frc,P of channel width δf, which are respectively distributed over the frequency bands ΔFsyNBe and ΔFsyNBr. For each frequency band ΔFsyNBe and ΔFsyNBr the distribution of the narrowband carrier frequencies allocated to one and the same base station, in one and the same cell Cc, complies with certain constraints between said frequencies.
A first constraint relating to the use of conventional coupling systems, more particularly coupling systems using cavities, for transmitting messages from the base station BSNB,c to the mobile terminals present in the cell, requires compliance with a first minimum frequency interval Δfe between the carrier frequencies used in one and the same cell, for example Δfe=150 kHz.
A second constraint makes it possible to avoid disturbances related to the use of too close frequency channels to transmit messages to the base station BSNB,c, at one and the same time, by mobile terminals close to the base station BSNB,c and mobile terminals far removed from the base station BSNB,c. This constraint imposes compliance with a second minimum frequency interval AΔfr between said carrier frequencies of one and the same cell, for example Δfr=20 kHz, and which may be less than the first pitch Δfe.
As the frequency channels for uplink communication in the direction from mobiles to base station correspond, to within the duplex gap, to the frequency channels for downlink communication from the base station to the mobile stations, the minimum gaps between channels related to the constraints of the base station will lie identically, to within a frequency translation, in the other frequency sub-band corresponding to the uplink communications from the mobile stations to the base station.
Cells which are geographically sufficiently far apart can have identical carrier frequencies fec,p, frc,p or groups or parts of groups of identical carrier frequencies. The mutual interference of these cells in one and the same frequency channel is very low, the carrier-to-interference ratio determined in each of the cells as a function of the other cell being less than a specific threshold.
Standard allocations, such as these, of frequency blocks and of carrier frequencies are effective when they are applied respectively to a first and a second radiocommunication system, SYBB and SYNB, located in distinct geographical zones, and/or working on distinct frequency bands ΔFsyBB, ΔFsyNB. If the communication systems SYBB and SYNB, according to the invention, are located in one and the same geographical zone and share the same emission and reception frequency bands ΔFsye and ΔFsyr the allocations of carrier frequencies on the one hand, and of frequency blocks, more particularly the transport channels, on the other hand, will produce mutual interference having a very negative effect on the service quality of said communication systems.
Indeed, according to a typical exemplary configuration, the carrier frequencies of the narrowband system SYNB have a channel width Δf of 10 KHz and the first frequency interval Δfe between two carrier frequencies of one and the same cell Cc is 150 KHz. By assuming that each frequency block BFej, BFrj of the broadband system SYBB has a bandwidth ΔBFj of 180 KHZ for the LTE systems, several frequency blocks, indeed all the frequency blocks potentially used by the broadband base station BSBB,c of the cell Cc can each contain at least one carrier frequency of the narrowband base station BSNB,c belonging to the same cell Cc and be interfered with by these carrier frequencies.
It is possible to limit this drawback by avoiding allocating a frequency block to a given cell, stated otherwise by neutralizing the block, when its allocation would be liable to create interference at the carrier frequencies of the narrowband system that are allocated in the same given cell or in cells sufficiently near to this given cell to undergo interference. Thus, these interfered frequency blocks become unusable by application of a strategy for sharing the radiocommunication system SY prohibiting the allocation of a frequency block BFej, BFrj to a broadband base station BSBB if it is interfered with by a carrier frequency of a base station BSNB located in the same cell or in a geographically close cell. The application of such a strategy mutually ensures the protection of the frequency blocks of the broadband system. Nonetheless, the number of neutralized frequency blocks may, in the configuration represented hereinabove, very severely reduce the capacity of the broadband communication system.
To alleviate this drawback, it is known to use multi-carrier frequency transmitters in the narrowband base stations of the narrowband communication system SYNB. Such a transmitter groups together the carrier frequencies allocated to one and the same base station BSNB,c into a group of carrier frequencies distributed consecutively over a not very extended frequency band with a small frequency interval Δlfe between each carrier frequency, for example Δfe goes from 150 KHz to 20 KHz. The carrier frequency group allocated to the base station BSNB,c of the cell Cc thus has a frequency bandwidth, for example of 140 KHz in the case of a group of 8 frequencies, that is less than the bandwidth of a frequency block, which in the previous example is 180 KHz. Depending on its position with respect to the frequency blocks, the group of carrier frequencies interferes with only one or two frequency blocks at most. The other frequency blocks that are not interfered with by this group of frequencies may potentially be allocated to the broadband base station BSBB,c belonging to the cell Cc. However, the carrier frequency groups allocated respectively to the narrowband base stations lying respectively in the cells adjacent to the cell Cc, may nonetheless be distributed over the whole of the frequency band of the radiocommunication system SY and thus interfere with several frequency blocks, indeed all the frequency blocks distributed over the frequency bands ΔFsye and ΔFsyr, rendering them unusable for the broadband base station BSBB,c of the cell Cc.
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
The objective of the invention is to alleviate the drawbacks of the prior art through a method for scheduling carrier frequencies for a narrowband radiocommunication system sharing with a broadband radiocommunication system, in one and the same geographical zone, radioelectric transmission cells each comprising a narrowband base station and a broadband base station, and one and the same frequency band, the frequency band being in part divided into a given number of frequency blocks, each comprising a given number of carrier frequencies to optionally be allocated to the narrowband base stations. The method is characterized in that it comprises a step of distributing the carrier frequencies to be allocated to the narrowband base stations over the frequency band such that each frequency block comprises at least two distinct groups of carrier frequencies, each associated with a different narrowband base station, the two groups of carrier frequencies being selected according to a distribution rule such that interference relating to the emission of the narrowband base stations associated with groups of carrier frequencies distributed in one and the same frequency block have a minimum interfered surface area. The method makes it possible to minimize the interference of the carrier frequencies of the narrowband radiocommunication system over the set of frequency blocks of the broadband radiocommunication system which shares in part the same frequency band in the same geographical zone as the narrowband radiocommunication system.
According to one characteristic of the invention, in the distribution step the at least two selected groups of carrier frequencies are distributed in a frequency block by alternately intercalating each carrier frequency of one group with respectively each carrier frequency of the other group so as to comply with a minimum frequency gap between the carrier frequencies of one and the same group of carrier frequencies.
According to another characteristic of the invention, the method comprises an establishment of a frequency scheduling which associates each narrowband base station of the narrowband radiocommunication system with at least one group of carrier frequencies from among several groups of carrier frequencies distributed per frequency block over the frequency band according to the distribution rule.
According to a first implementation of the method of the invention, the method comprises the following successive steps:

    
    
        an association step determining a first set of first groups of carrier frequencies, each first group of carrier frequencies of which is associated with one or more narrowband base stations according to reuse rules, and
        the distribution step bijectively mapping each carrier frequency of one of the groups of the first set with a carrier frequency of a frequency block while complying, on the one hand, with the distribution rule and, on the other hand, with a minimum frequency gap between the carrier frequencies of one and the same group of carrier frequencies bijectively mapped with carrier frequencies of one and the same frequency block.
    
    


According to one characteristic of the first implementation of the method, the distribution step comprises a first iterative loop for selecting each frequency block of the frequency band and a second iterative loop for selecting each carrier frequency of the selected frequency block, and comprising in the second iterative loop a bijective mapping of the carrier frequency of the frequency block with a carrier frequency of the first set while complying with the distribution rule and the minimum frequency gap between carrier frequencies of one and the same group of carrier frequencies distributed in one and the same frequency block.
According to one variant of this characteristic, each second iterative loop comprises a step of bijectively mapping a carrier frequency of a first group of carrier frequencies with the selected carrier frequency of the selected frequency block as soon as another carrier frequency of the first group of carrier frequencies has been bijectively mapped with another carrier frequency of the frequency block selected during a previous second iterative loop.
According to another characteristic of the first implementation of the method, the number of carrier frequencies of each first group of carrier frequencies is at most equal to half of the number of carrier frequencies of a frequency block and the distribution step comprises an iterative loop for selecting each frequency block of the frequency band comprising a selection according to the distribution rule of two first groups of carrier frequencies belonging to the first set and a bijective mapping successively of a carrier frequency of the frequency block with alternately a carrier frequency of one of the first two groups while complying with the minimum frequency gap between carrier frequencies of one and the same first group of carrier frequencies
According to a second implementation of the method of the invention, the method comprises the following successive steps:

    
    
        the step of distributing a first set of first groups of carrier frequencies, associated respectively with the narrowband base stations, each first group being distributed with at least one other different first group in one and the same virtual frequency block belonging to a set of virtual frequency blocks while complying with a minimum frequency gap between the carrier frequencies of one and the same group and while complying with the distribution rule, the set of virtual frequency blocks comprising a number greater than or equal to the given number of frequency blocks of the frequency band, and
        an association step for associating each virtual frequency block with a frequency block of the frequency band while complying with carrier frequency reuse rules.
    
    


The invention also relates to a narrowband radiocommunication system sharing with a broadband radiocommunication system, in one and the same geographical zone, radioelectric transmission cells each comprising a narrowband base station and a broadband base station, and one and the same frequency band, the frequency band being in part divided into a given number of frequency blocks, each comprising a given number of carrier frequencies to optionally be allocated to the narrowband base stations. The system is characterized in that the carrier frequencies of the narrowband radiocommunication system allocated to narrowband base stations are distributed over the frequency band such that each frequency block comprises at least two distinct groups of carrier frequencies, each allocated to a different narrowband base station, the two groups of carrier frequencies being selected according to a distribution rule such that interference relating to the emission of the narrowband base stations associated with groups of carrier frequencies distributed in one and the same frequency block have a minimum interfered surface area.
The invention also relates to a narrowband base station of a narrowband radiocommunication system sharing with a broadband radiocommunication system, in one and the same geographical zone, radioelectric transmission cells each comprising a narrowband base station and a broadband base station, and one and the same frequency band, the frequency band being in part divided into a given number of frequency blocks, each comprising a given number of carrier frequencies to optionally be allocated to the narrowband base stations. The narrowband base station is characterized in that the carrier frequencies allocated to the base station are distributed over the frequency band with other carrier frequencies allocated to other base stations so that each frequency block comprises at least two distinct groups of carrier frequencies, each allocated to a different narrowband base station, the two groups of carrier frequencies being selected according to a distribution rule such that interference relating to the emission of the narrowband base stations associated with groups of carrier frequencies distributed in one and the same frequency block have a minimum interfered surface area.
The invention also relates to a device for scheduling carrier frequencies for a narrowband radiocommunication system sharing with a broadband radiocommunication system, in one and the same geographical zone, radioelectric transmission cells each comprising a narrowband base station and a broadband base station, and one and the same frequency band, the frequency band being in part divided into a given number of frequency blocks, each comprising a given number of carrier frequencies to optionally be allocated to the narrowband base stations. The device is characterized in that it comprises a means for associating carrier frequencies with the narrowband base stations and a means for distributing over the frequency band the carrier frequencies associated with the narrowband base stations such that each frequency block comprises at least two distinct groups of carrier frequencies, each associated with a different narrowband base station, the two groups of carrier frequencies being selected according to a distribution rule such that interference relating to the emission of the narrowband base stations associated with groups of carrier frequencies distributed in one and the same frequency block have a minimum interfered surface area.
Finally, the invention pertains to a computer program able to be implemented in a scheduling device, said program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed in said scheduling device, carry out the scheduling of carrier frequencies, according to the method of the invention, for a narrowband radiocommunication system sharing with a broadband radiocommunication system, in one and the same geographical zone, radioelectric transmission cells each comprising a narrowband base station and a broadband base station, and one and the same frequency band, the frequency band being in part divided into a given number of frequency blocks, each comprising a given number of carrier frequencies to optionally be allocated to the narrowband base stations.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly apparent on reading the following description of several embodiments of the invention given by way of nonlimiting examples, with reference to the corresponding appended drawings in which:
FIG. 1, already described, schematically shows a radiocommunication system;
FIGS. 2A and 2B, already described, show a representation of a usual allocation of frequency channels for a broadband communication system;
FIG. 3A, already described, shows a representation of a usual allocation of frequency channels for a narrowband communication system;
FIG. 3B, already described, shows a representation of a carrier frequency of a narrowband communication system;
FIG. 4 shows a representation of allocation of carrier frequencies for a narrowband radiocommunication system according to the invention;
FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a carrier frequency scheduling device of the radiocommunication system implementing the frequency scheduling method according to the invention;
FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C show respectively three variants of an algorithm for distributing carrier frequencies according to a first embodiment of the method of the invention; and
FIG. 7 shows an algorithm for distributing carrier frequencies according to a second embodiment of the method of the invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DISCLOSURE
Unless specified otherwise, the various elements appearing in the various figures retain the same references.
The radiocommunication system of FDD type according to the invention is fairly similar to the radiocommunication system SY previously described with reference to FIG. 1 and comprises in one and the same geographical zone a first broadband radiocommunication system SYBB and a second narrowband radiocommunication system SYNB which are deployed in respective predetermined frequency bands ΔFsyBB and ΔFsyNB overlapping in part or totally and constituting a common frequency band ΔFsy, considered in the subsequent description to be the frequency band of the system SY. The radiocommunication system SY comprises a plurality of cells C1 to CC, each Cc, with 1≦c≦C, comprising first and second base stations, respectively BSBB,c, BSNB,c and mobile stations MS1 to MSK which communicate with the base stations through the radio resources shared in the common frequency band ΔFsy. More particularly, each cell Cc comprises a first broadband base station BSBB,c able to communicate radioelectrically with mobile stations in a broadband radiocommunication network of the first radiocommunication system SYBB. Each cell Cc also comprises a second narrowband base station BSNB able to communicate radioelectrically with mobile stations in a narrowband radiocommunication network of the second radiocommunication system SYNB.
The frequency band ΔFsy also comprises a first frequency band ΔFsye for the emission of downlink communications from the base stations BSBB,c or BSNB,c to the mobile stations, supplemented with a second frequency band of the same width ΔFsyr, called the duplex band, for the receptions of uplink communications originating from the mobile stations by the base stations BSBB,c or BSNB,c. These two frequency bands ΔFsye and ΔFsyr are shifted by a duplex gap ΔFD. More particularly, in downlink communications, the frequency band ΔFsye is formed by the frequency band ΔFsyeBB of the broadband radiocommunication system SYBB overlapping totally or in part the frequency band ΔFsyeNB of the narrowband radiocommunication system SYNB. Likewise in uplink communications, the frequency band ΔFsyr is formed by the frequency band ΔFsyrBB of the broadband radiocommunication system SYBB overlapping totally or in part the frequency band ΔFsyrNB of the narrowband radiocommunication system SYNB. Since the frequency scheduling method according to the invention is identical in each of the two frequency bands ΔFsye(ΔFsyeBB, ΔFsyeNB) and ΔFsyr(ΔFsyrBB, ΔFsyrNB), only the frequency distribution of the two systems SYBB and SYNB is described on the first frequency band ΔFsye in the subsequent description.
As described previously, with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the broadband radiocommunication system SYBB is for example of the WIMAX (“Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access”) type based on an Air interface according to the IEEE 802.16 standard, more particularly according to the 802.16m standard or for example of LTE (“Long Term Evolution”) standard which employs wide frequency bands ΔFsyBBe and ΔFsyBBr each typically greater than a Megahertz, for examples 1.25 MHz, 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz or 20 MHz.
As shown in FIG. 2A, in the broadband radiocommunication system SYBB, the predetermined frequency band ΔFsyBBe is divided into J frequency blocks BFe1 to BFeJ, each of bandwidth ΔBF, typically of a few hundred Kilo-Hertz, for example ΔBF=180 kHz in the case of a system according to the LTE standard. Each block BFej, with 1≦j≦J, comprises N consecutive and regularly distributed carrier frequencies Fej,1 . . . Fej,n . . . Fej,N of channel width ΔF=ΔFsye/(J×N), with 1≦n≦N. For example, in the case of the LTE standard, N is equal to 12 and the interval δF between two consecutive sub-carriers is equal to 15 kHz, so that ΔBF=N×δF=12×15 kHz=180 kHz.
Radio resources are allocated to a base station BSBB,c for a high data throughput transmission to (or from) a mobile station operating at least in broadband mode. FIG. 2B is an illustration of the radio resources shared by the broadband base stations BSBB in a downlink communication channel in the frequency band ΔFsyBBe during a time frame TP, and are similar in the uplink communication channel (not represented). A communication channel, downlink (or uplink), of the LTE broadband system corresponds to the set of resources in the frequency band ΔFsyBBe during a time frame TP. The radio resources are blocks of resources each (BRj,tp) defined on a frequency block BFej during a specific time window tp, called a time pitch. A communication channel comprises common sub-channels CNC for synchronization and broadcasting of the system information between the broadband base stations, and transport sub-channels for exchanges of data and of signaling between the base stations and the mobile terminals. The common sub-channels correspond to a set of resource blocks extending over a few contiguous frequency blocks for a few symbol times and are repeated in part in the time frame TP. The other blocks of resources correspond to the transport channels and are shared between the C base stations BSBB,1 to BSBB,C of the radiocommunication system SYBB according to a known method for allocating resources. In the frequency plan, several frequency blocks, for example blocks BFej to BFej+5 with reference to FIG. 2B, comprise a few resource blocks intended for the sub-channels CNC and resource blocks intended for the transport channels. The other frequency blocks comprise resource blocks intended solely for the transport channels, for example frequency block BFe1 with reference to FIG. 2B.
The narrowband radiocommunication system SYNB is for example a TETRA (“TErrestrial Trunked RAdio”) or TETRAPOL system in which the channel width δf of each carrier frequency is of the order of a few Kilo-Hertz. To each cell CC, more particularly to each narrowband base station SBNB,c, are allocated one or more groups of carrier frequencies Gem with 1≦m≦M, from among M groups of carrier frequencies Ge1 to GeM. Each group of carrier frequencies Gem comprises F carrier frequencies Fem,1 to Fem,F. The set of carrier frequencies of each group is disjoint from one group to another group. One and the same group of carrier frequencies Gem may be assigned to several mutually distant cells so as to avoid any frequency interference.
According to this configuration of the communication system, only the allocated resource blocks of the broadband communication system which are dedicated to the transport channels interfere with the carrier frequencies of the narrowband communication system that are allocated in the same frequency band. The resource blocks dedicated to the common channels CNC of a frequency block of the broadband communication system have negligible interference on the carrier frequencies of the narrowband communication system located in the same frequency band, the ratio of the mean power of the useful signal of the narrowband system to the mean power of the disturbing signal of the common channels CNC of the broadband system being much lower than the threshold of detrimental signal-to-noise ratio of the narrowband communication system.
Indeed, by assuming that the emission power of the narrowband system of TETRAPOL type is 42 dBm per carrier frequency and that the power of the broadband system of LTE type is 48 dBm over the whole of a 1.080 MHz channel (so-called 1.4 MHz nominal channel), the broadband power density during just the emission of the common channels CNC is about 48 dBm/MHz, since the latter occupy nearly the whole of the emission band (between 62 and 72 carriers of 15 kHz), but it will be only 27 dBm in a reception filter of the narrowband communication system having a bandwidth δb of 8 kHz (48 dBm decreased by the ratio between the bandwidths of 1 MHz and of 8 kHz, respectively, i.e. 21 dB). Moreover, the emission duration of the common channels is of the order of 5% of the time compared with the total emission duration of the channels of a broadband system and the mean power of the common channels is reduced by a factor of close to 20 corresponding to the duty ratio of their emission in the time frame and is therefore 13 dB lower on average, that is to say a power of 14 dBm=−27 dBm−13 dB in the band for reception of the disturbing signal by the narrowband communication system. The ratio between the narrowband useful signal and the common channels disturbing signal has a mean value of 28 dB=42 dBm−14 dBm, that is to say much lower than the threshold of detrimental signal-to-noise ratio of the narrowband system which in this case is 15 dB. On the contrary, if the resource blocks dedicated to the transport channels included in a frequency block are permanently allocated to communications of the broadband base station BSBB, the attenuation due to the duty ratio of the transmission will not apply, the signal-to-noise ratio for identical propagation conditions will be only 15 dB=42 dBm−27 dBm, this being insufficient to avoid interference.
The frequency scheduling method according to the invention is implemented in a scheduling device DP while installing and configuring the narrowband base stations SBNB,1 to SBNB,C respectively in the cells C1 to CC. The carrier frequency scheduling device DP will be described subsequently with reference to FIG. 5. The device DP will establish a frequency scheduling PF for the groups of carrier frequencies to be allocated to the narrowband base stations and distributed in the frequency band ΔFsye so as to minimize the interference between the two communication systems, as a function of the following three distribution rules which will characterize the method.
According to the first distribution rule RR1, the scheduling device DP distributes in a frequency block BFej, all or part of the set of carrier frequencies of a group Gem, subject to compliance with the second distribution rule RR2 hereinbelow, said frequency block being considered to be interfered with.
According to the second distribution rule RR2, to avoid interference between the carrier frequencies of one and the same group Gem which is assigned to one or more cells, a minimum frequency gap Δfe must be complied with between each of the successive carrier frequencies belonging to the same group Gem and distributed in one and the same frequency block, in accordance with the rules of the state of the art for allocating carrier frequencies in a narrowband communication system.
According to the third distribution rule RR3, a frequency block BFej which is in part interfered with, that is to say some of the frequencies of whose frequency block have not yet been associated with cells of the system, will be supplemented with one or more carrier frequency groups selected in such a way that the geographical zone interfered with by the emission of the base stations associated with the groups of carrier frequencies distributed in the same frequency block has a minimum interfered surface area.
By applying the above rules in the scheduling method, the device DP schedules in one and the same frequency block BFej on the one hand, according to the first distribution rule RR1 the carrier frequencies constituting a group of frequencies Gem to be allocated to at least one narrowband base station of a cell CC, said frequencies being distributed in the block white complying with the constraints of minimum frequency gap according to the second distribution rule RR2 and, on the other hand, according to the third distribution rule RR3 to group together in this same frequency block BFej the carrier frequencies constituting one or more other groups of carrier frequencies to be allocated to narrowband base stations of cells which are different from the cell CC but sufficiently close to the latter. This frequency block BFej is consequently completely interfered with by the carrier frequencies to be allocated to narrowband base stations belonging to the cell CC and to the cells adjacent to CC, other frequency blocks of the frequency band of the radiocommunication system not being interfered with by these carrier frequencies and then being able to be used by the broadband base stations of the cell CC. In the frequency blocks that are not interfered with, or very slightly, by the frequencies of the cell CC, carrier frequencies of the narrowband base stations of the cells geographically distant from the cell CC can also be distributed without interfering in the broadband communications of the broadband base station of the cell CC.
Once the frequency scheduling PF has been established, which associates each narrowband base station of the narrowband radiocommunication system with at least one group of carrier frequencies from among several carrier frequency groups distributed per frequency block over the frequency band according to the above distribution rules, the device DP transmits the scheduling PF to an operator of the radiocommunication system so that he allocates carrier frequencies of the frequency band to each narrowband base station as scheduled in the frequency scheduling PF.
FIG. 4 illustrates an example of distribution according to the distribution rules RR1, RR2 and RR3 in a frequency block BFej of a first group Gem of eight carrier frequencies fem,1 to fem,8 allocated to a first narrowband base station of a first cell CC and of a second group Gem+1 of eight carrier frequencies fem+1,1 to fem+1,8 allocated to a second narrowband base station of a second cell Cc+1 adjacent to the first cell Cc. The two base stations belong to a narrowband communication system SYNB of TETRAPOL type, each frequency of which has a channel width δf of 10 KHz, a bandwidth δb of 8 KHz and a minimum frequency gap between each frequency of one and the same group Δfe of 20 KHz. The broadband communication system SYBB located in the same frequency band as the narrowband communication system SYNB is of LTE type and possesses a spectral width ΔFsyeBB of 1.4 Mhz with a frequency block width ΔBFj equal to 180 KHZ. As represented in FIG. 4, the two groups of carrier frequencies Gem and Gem+1 are interleaved by alternately intercalating a carrier frequency of the first group with a carrier frequency of the second group so as to comply with the minimum frequency gap Δfe=20 KHz according to the second distribution rule RR2. In FIG. 4, a frequency block BFej according to the LTE system of a total width of 180 kHz corresponds to the union of 18 carrier frequencies, denoted Fej,0 to Fe1j,15, of the narrowband system with a channel width δf of 10 kHz. The first group Gem allocated to the first cell CC comprises the odd carriers denoted from Fej,1 to Fe1j,15 and the second group Gem+1 allocated to the second cell Cc+1 comprises the even carriers denoted Fej,2 to Fej,16. The distribution of each group of carrier frequencies in a frequency block satisfies the frequency constraint of minimum frequency gap Δfe equal to 20 kHz between two successive frequencies belonging to one and the same group. The last two carrier frequencies may be allocated to other cells of the radiocommunication system SY while complying with the distribution rules RR1, RR2 and RR3.
It will be noted that if it were necessary to allocate more than eight carrier frequencies to a base station of the narrowband system, it would be possible to do so by separately allocating two groups of eight carrier frequencies belonging to two different frequency blocks, contiguous or not, the non-assignment of the carriers Fej,0 and Fej,17 in the previous case ensuring that whatever the case at issue, the constraint of minimum frequency gap will always be complied with between the carriers of two groups belonging to different frequency blocks.
With reference to FIG. 5, the frequency scheduling method is implemented in the scheduling device DP which comprises an association unit UA for associating groups of carrier frequencies with cells of the system SY according to reuse rules RU, a distribution unit UR for distributing groups of carrier frequencies in frequency blocks according to an algorithm AG and the distribution rules RR1, RR2 and RR3 and a memory ME comprising in particular the frequency scheduling PF for the groups of carrier frequencies to be allocated to the base stations of the narrowband radiocommunication system, distributed on the basis of frequency block of the broadband radiocommunication system, the scheduling PF being the result of the scheduling method according to the invention. The units UA, UR and ME of the device DP are represented in the form of functional blocks most of which ensure functions having a link with the invention and may correspond to software modules implemented in at least one processor and/or to dedicated and/or programmable hardware modules.
The storage unit ME also comprises information on the frequency bands ΔFsyBB and ΔFsyNB of the radiocommunications system, the number F of carrier frequencies per group of carrier frequencies and to be associated with each cell, the value of the minimum frequency gap Δfe, the number J of frequency blocks distributed in the frequency band of the broadband system ΔFsyBB and the number N of carrier frequencies per frequency block.
The device can also comprise a communication interface for transmitting the frequency scheduling PF to the radiocommunication system SY so that the operator of the system implements the allocations of frequencies per cell according to the scheduling PF.
The scheduling device may be for example a server connected via a packet network to the radiocommunication system SY.
The distribution unit UR comprises for example one or more processors controlling the execution of a distribution algorithm AG taking the distribution rules RR1, RR2 and RR3 into account.
The association unit UA comprises for example one or more processors controlling the execution of an association algorithm taking the frequency reuse rules RU into account.
The memory ME is a recording medium in which programs may be saved. The memory ME is connected to the units UR and UA via a bidirectional bus BU and comprises volatile and/or nonvolatile memories such as EEPROM, ROM, PROM, RAM, DRAM, SRAM memories, etc. The algorithms implementing the scheduling method are stored in the memory ME.
The method for scheduling carrier frequencies to be allocated to the narrowband base stations of the radiocommunication system SY is implemented according to several embodiments of the invention described in greater detail hereinbelow. Each embodiment comprises two main steps: a step EA of associating groups of carrier frequencies with cells of the system and executed by the association unit UA of the device DP and a step ER of distributing the groups of frequencies in frequency blocks, executed by the distribution unit UR of the device DP. According to the first embodiment, the steps are executed in a first order EA and then ER. According to the second embodiment, the steps are executed in the reverse order ER and then EA.
The step EA of associating groups of carrier frequencies with narrowband base stations of the system consists in associating one and the same group of carrier frequencies with narrowband base stations of the radiocommunication system SY while complying with the reuse rules RU known to the person skilled in the art and applied to narrowband radiocommunication systems, all the narrowband base stations of the system having to be associated with at least one group of carrier frequencies.
The step ER of distributing the carrier frequencies in frequency blocks consists more particularly in distributing, in same frequency blocks, carrier frequency groups associated with narrowband base stations whose surface interfered with by the emission of said narrowband base stations associated with groups of carrier frequencies distributed in one and the same frequency block is a minimum, by applying the distribution rules RR1, RR2 and RR3 according to the invention.
The method also comprises, after the execution of the two steps EA and ER, the establishment of a frequency scheduling which associates each narrowband base station of the narrowband radiocommunication system with at least one group of carrier frequencies from among several carrier frequency groups distributed per frequency block over the frequency band according to the distribution rules.
According to the first embodiment of the scheduling method, in the association step EA, the association unit UA of the scheduling device DP determines a first set A of first groups of frequencies A1 to AM, each first group Am, with 1≦m≦M, being associated with one or more cells of the radiocommunication system SY according to the frequency reuse rules RU. To each first group of frequencies Am is assigned a set of F frequencies fam,1 to fam,F while complying with a minimum frequency gap Δfe between each frequency fam,f of the frequency group Am. Each set of frequencies is disjoint from one first group of frequencies to another first group of frequencies. In the case where several first groups of frequencies are allocated to a cell CC, the set of frequencies corresponding to the union of the sets of frequencies making up the first groups allocated to the cell comply with the minimum frequency gap Δfe. The reuse rules RU consist in associating one or more first groups of frequencies from among the M first groups of frequencies with each cell CC of the radiocommunication system SY, one and the same first group of frequencies possibly being associated with several different cells geographically distant from one another by a given gap avoiding frequency interference between these cells. These reuse constraints involve co-channel interference only.
In the distribution step ER, the distribution unit UR of the device DP bijectively maps each carrier frequency of one of the first groups of the set with a carrier frequency of a frequency block while complying, on the one hand, with the distribution rules and, on the other hand, with a minimum frequency gap between the carrier frequencies of one and the same first group of carrier frequencies bijectively mapped with carrier frequencies of one and the same frequency block. More particularly, the distribution unit UR of the device DP determines a second set Ge of M second groups of carrier frequencies Ge1 to GeM, the carrier frequencies of each group Gem being inter alia distributed preferably in a frequency block BFej while complying with a minimum frequency gap between the carrier frequencies of one and the same second group included in one and the same frequency block. According to the first embodiment, the distribution step also comprises a bijective mapping φ of the frequencies of each group of the first set A with the frequencies of each group of the second set Ge thus making it possible to associate the frequencies of the M groups of the set Ge with the cells of the system SY in a manner identical to the association of the frequencies respectively of the M groups of the set A according to the association step EA by taking into account of the reuse rules RU and of the distribution rules RR1, RR2 and RR3. More precisely, the second set Ge of second groups of frequencies Ge1, . . . , GeM with 1≦m≦M is determined such that the first set A[A1∪ . . . ∪AM] and the second set Ge[Ge1∪ . . . ∪GeM] are in bijection. A bijective mapping φ by bijection of the frequencies of the first set A[A1∪ . . . ∪AM] with the frequencies of the second set Ge[Ge1∪ . . . ∪GeM] is thus determined while complying with the reuse rules RU and scheduling rules RR1, RR2 and RR3: φ(A)=Ge.
According to the first embodiment of the invention, macro-cells M1, . . . MM of the narrowband network are defined such that all the cells comprising a narrowband base station which is associated with a first group of frequencies Am constitute the macro-cell Mm, each macro-cell Mm then comprising all the cells whose respective group of frequencies Am is associated. The various narrowband emitters of each of the macro-cells retain all the characteristics inherited from the corresponding cells, in particular the characteristics of the antennal systems (radiation patterns in particular) and the emission powers.
FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C more particularly detail the step of distributing frequency ER according to respectively three different iterative algorithms AG1, AG2 and AG3, the main iteration B11 of which corresponds to each processing of a new different frequency block of the frequency band ΔFsyBB. With each iteration in one of these algorithms, that is to say with each new frequency block selected by the distribution unit UR of the device DP according to the invention, bijective mappings of carrier frequencies of the set A with frequencies of the new selected frequency block considered to be the frequency block undergoing processing are executed, the carrier frequencies of the frequency block undergoing processing belonging to the second set Ge. The frequency blocks all of whose frequencies have already been bijectively mapped with carrier frequencies of the set A are considered to be processed.
The distribution step ER according to the first algorithm AG=AG1, with reference to FIG. 6A comprising steps S100 to S108. The algorithm AG1 comprises the first iterative loop B11 making it possible to select each frequency block of the frequency band ΔFsyBB and comprises a second iterative loop B21 included in the first loop B11 for selecting from the frequency block BFej, each carrier frequency fgm,f=Fej,n to be bijectively mapped with a frequency fam,j of the set A, with 1≦f≦F, while complying with the distribution rules RR1, RR2 and RR3.
In step S100, the device DP defines a third set Y comprising the carrier frequencies of the set A which have not yet been processed, that is to say which have not yet been bijectively mapped with a frequency Fej,n of the set Ge. The set Y is stored in the memory ME of the device DP and is initially equal to the set A.
In step S101, the unit UR executes the first iterative loop B11 and verifies whether the frequency band ΔFsyBB comprises at least one free frequency block BFej, that is to say not yet processed. If all the frequency blocks have been processed, no frequency block is free, the allocation method stops in step S102. In step S102, if there are still carrier frequencies of the set A that have not been distributed over the frequency band ΔFsy, they are in excess with respect to the frequency band of the broadband system ΔFsyBB and must therefore be distributed outside of this frequency band. This can be done according to any method known to the person skilled in the art. In this case, the frequency band ΔFsyBB of the broadband radiocommunication system SYBB overlaps only a part of the frequency band ΔFsyNB of the narrowband radiocommunication system SYNB which is larger.
In step S101, if there are still some free frequency blocks in the frequency band, the unit UR selects one of them, either in a successive manner by incrementing a variable associated with each index j of the blocks BFej, or in a random manner.
In step S103, the device DP defines an initially empty fourth set X, comprising the carrier frequencies of the set A which have already been bijectively mapped with carrier frequencies Fej,n of the frequency block BFej. With each selection of a new frequency block, the set X is initialized to the empty set. The set X is stored in the memory ME.
In step S104, the unit UR executes the second iterative loop B21, verifying whether all the carrier frequencies of the frequency block BFej have been processed. If frequencies of the block BFej have not been processed, the unit UR selects one of them Fej,n, either in a successive manner by incrementing a variable associated with each index n of the frequencies Fej,n, or in a random manner. If all the N frequencies Fej,1 to Fej,N of the frequency block BFej have already been selected, the second iterative loop B21 stops and the first loop B11 is again iterated in step S105 so as to select a new frequency block in step S104.
During the selection of a new carrier frequency Fej,n in the frequency block BFej, the unit UR selects in step S106, a carrier frequency fam,f in the set Y which complies with the two distribution conditions CD11 and CD21 relating to the distribution rules RR1, RR2 and RR3.
According to the first condition CD11 relating more particularly to the rules RR1 and RR3, the carrier frequency fam,f must be selected such that the frequency interference emitted by the macro-cells associated with the frequency fam,f and with the frequencies of the set X—that is to say the frequencies already distributed in the frequency block BFej—, corresponds to the smallest interfered surface area Slmin. The unit UR determines the interfered surface area by means of frequency propagation prediction procedures known to the person skilled in the art for each frequency of the set Y, and selects the frequency fam,f associated with the smallest interfered surface area and which also complies with the condition CD21. The condition CD11 makes it possible to reduce the choice of the frequencies to be selected of the set Y. The following are selectable, with regards to the condition CD11:

    
    
        on the one hand the frequencies allocated to first cells for which carrier frequencies already distributed in the block BFej are also allocated, the first distribution rule RR1 being complied with implicitly, and
        on the other hand the frequencies allocated to cells close to the first cells through compliance with the third distribution rule RR3 according to the minimum interfered surface area.
    
    


According to the second condition CD21, relating more particularly to the second distribution rule RR2, the frequency fam,f must be selected in such a way that for any frequency Fα which belongs to the set X of frequencies distributed in the frequency block BFej and is associated—together with the frequency fam,f—with one and the same cell of a macro-cell, each frequency φ(Fα) of the block of frequencies BFej corresponding bijectively to each frequency Fα complies with the constraint of minimum frequency gap Δfe with respect to the frequency Fej,n and according to the distribution rule RR2. This condition CD21 makes it possible to verify that the carrier frequencies belonging to the same group of frequencies and distributed in one and the same frequency block are spaced apart by a minimum frequency gap Δfe so as to avoid any frequency interference between frequencies associated with one and the same cell.
In step S107, the unit UR bijectively maps the frequency fam,f with the frequency Fej,n: φ(fam,f)=Fej,n, the frequency fam,f belonging to the first set A of carrier frequencies and the frequency Fej,n belonging to the second set Ge. The mapping is stored in the memory ME of the device DP. The sets X and Y are updated such that the frequency fam,f is included in the set X (X=X ∪{fam,f}) and is excluded from the set Y (Y=Y−{fam,f})). At the end of step S107, the unit UR repeats the second loop B21 in step S108 which loops back to step S104, so as to select a new carrier frequency of the frequency block BFej.
Once all the frequency blocks have been processed and all the carrier frequencies of the set A have been distributed in the frequency band ΔFsy of the system SY, the device DP establishes a frequency scheduling PF which associates for each cell Cc of the system SY one or more groups of frequencies of the set Ge according to the reuse rules RU, the groups of frequencies being distributed per frequency block according to the distribution rules RR1, RR2 and RR3.
The device DP transmits the frequency scheduling PF to the radiocommunication system SY which will allocate to each narrowband base station the groups of frequencies scheduled in the frequency scheduling PF.
The algorithm AG1 provides an optimal definition of a frequency scheduling minimizing the number of frequency blocks interfered with by groups of frequencies allocated to narrowband base stations of adjacent cells of the radiocommunication system SY while complying with the constraints of frequency spacing between the carrier frequencies of the narrowband system. However, it requires at each second iterative loop B21, in order to satisfy the condition CD11 of step S106, a redetermination of the interfered surface area for each carrier frequency of the set Y.
The algorithm AG2, with reference to FIG. 6B decreases in a consequent manner the complexity of the algorithm AG1 by reducing the number of redetermination of the interfered surface area SI for each frequency of the set Y. Indeed, if during step S106 the set X already contains a frequency Fα belonging to a group Am of the set A, if the frequencies φ (Fα) and Fej,n comply with the minimum spacing Δe constraint and if carrier frequencies of the group Am have not been processed, for example a frequency fam,f, then this frequency fam,f quite obviously satisfies the first condition CD11 of step S106 since the surfaces interfered with by the emission of the frequencies of the set X and of the set X including the frequency fam,f are equal by construction.
The distribution step ER according to the second algorithm AG=AG2, with reference to FIG. 6B, comprises steps S200 to S210. By comparison with the algorithm AG1, the algorithm AG2 also comprises a first iterative loop B11 and a second iterative loop B21. The steps of selecting a frequency block BFej (S202, S203 and S205) are similar to the steps of the algorithm AG1 (respectively S102, S103 and S105), likewise the steps of selecting a carrier frequency Fej,n of the frequency block BFej (S204 and S208) are similar to the steps of the algorithm AG1 (respectively S104 and S108) and are therefore not described.
In step S200, the distribution unit UR defines an initially empty fourth set Z intended to comprise the carrier frequencies of the set A which have not yet been processed but which belong to groups of frequencies undergoing processing, that is to say which comprise at least one bijective frequency mapped with a frequency of the frequency block BFej.
After the selection of a frequency Fej,n of the frequency block BFej in step S204, the distribution unit UR verifies, in step S209, whether the set Z comprises a frequency fam,f complying with a third condition CD3. According to this condition CD3, the carrier frequency fam,f must be selected such that for any frequency Fα belonging to the set X of the frequencies distributed in the frequency block BFej and belonging—together with the frequency fam,f—to one and the same frequency group Am, each frequency φ(Fα) of the block of frequencies BFej corresponding bijectively to each frequency Fα comply with the constraint of minimum frequency gap Δfe with respect to the frequency Fej,n according to the distribution rule RR2. In step S210, the set Z is updated such that the frequency fam,f is excluded from the set Z. Next, the unit UR executes step S207 which is similar to step S107 of the first algorithm AG1.
If in step S209, the set Z does not comprise any frequency fam,f complying with the condition CD3, the unit UR executes step S206 which is similar to step S106 of the first algorithm AG1 by adding an update of the set Z. In step S206, the unit UR selects a frequency fam,f complying with the conditions CD11 and CD21 and belonging to a group of frequencies Am that has not yet been processed. At the end of step S206, the unit UR updates the set Z such that the set Z also comprises all the unprocessed frequencies of the frequency group Am, that is to say all the frequencies of the group Am while excluding the frequency fam;f. Next the distribution unit executes step S207.
Once all the frequency blocks have been processed and all the carrier frequencies of the set A have been distributed in the frequency band ΔFsy of the system SY, the device DP establishes the frequency scheduling PF and transmits it to the radiocommunication system SY.
According to a third variant the algorithm AG3 is very greatly simplified, in the case where the narrowband radiocommunication system is a TETRAPOL system with a channel width and an interval between carriers of 10 kHz, with groups of F=8 carrier frequencies (they could contain nine frequencies but this is almost never the case in practice) and with a minimum frequency gap Δfer equal to 20 kHz. In that case, the number of carrier frequencies, F=8, of each group of carrier frequencies is at most equal to half of the number of carrier frequencies of a frequency block, N=18.
If after two iterations B11 the distribution unit selects two carrier frequencies which on account of the constraint Δfe belong to different groups of carrier frequencies, then all the carrier frequencies of these groups will be selected alternately during the following steps.
Considering that the fill limit for the test of step S204 is fixed at 16 carrier frequencies instead of a maximum value of 18 carrier frequencies, the algorithm amounts to selecting pairs of groups of frequencies so as to map them bijectively with frequencies of a frequency block according to FIG. 4.
The distribution step ER according to the third algorithm AG=AG3, with reference to FIG. 6C, comprises steps S300 to S307. By comparison with the algorithms AG1 and AG2, the algorithm AG3 does not comprise any second iterative loop B21 and the sets X, Y and Z.
In step S300, the distribution unit UR defines a fifth set W comprising the groups of F=8 frequencies of the set A which was not processed by the unit UR. The set W is initially equal to the set A and is stored in the memory ME.
In step S301, the unit executes the iterative loop B11 by verifying whether the frequency band ΔFsyBB comprises at least one free frequency block BFej, as in steps S101 and S201 respectively of the algorithms AG1 and AG2. If all the frequency blocks have been processed, the allocation method stops in step S302 which is similar to steps S102 and S202 respectively of the algorithms AG1 and AG2.
In step S301, if there are still some free frequency blocks in the frequency band, the unit UR selects one of them and executes step S306. In step 306, the unit UR selects two groups of frequencies Ak and Ap—with the indices k≠p, 1≦k≦M and 1≦p≦M—, each comprising F=8 carrier frequencies fak,0, . . . , fak,F−1 respectively fap,0, . . . , fap,F−1, both belonging to the set W and which comply with a fourth condition CD4.
According to the condition CD4, relating more particularly to the rules RR1 and RR3, the groups Ak and Ap are selected such that the frequency interference emitted by the macro-cells whose groups of carrier frequencies Ak and Ap have been associated (in the step EA), corresponds to the smallest interfered surface area Slmin. The unit UR determines the interfered surface area by means of frequency propagation prediction procedures known to the person skilled in the art for each pair of groups of carrier frequencies belonging to the set W, and selects the pair (Ak, Ap) of groups of frequencies which is associated with the smallest interfered surface area.
At the end of step S306, the unit UR executes step S307 and bijectively maps each frequency fak,f of the first frequency group Ak with a frequency of even index Fen,2f of the frequency block BFej: φ(fak,f)=Fen,2f, and each frequency fap,f of the second frequency group Ap with a frequency of odd index Fen,2f+1 of the frequency block BFej: φ(fap,f)=Fen,2f+1, with 0≦f≦F−1, and the frequency block BFej comprising the frequencies Fej,0 to Fej,17. The mappings are stored in the memory ME of the device DP. The set W is updated such that the frequency groups Ak and Ap are excluded from the set W (W=W−{Ak, Ap}). At the end of step S307, the unit UR repeats the loop B11 in step S308 which loops back to step S301, so as to select a new frequency block.
Once all the frequency blocks have been processed and all the carrier frequencies of the set A have been distributed in the frequency band ΔFsy of the system SY, the device DP establishes the frequency scheduling PF.
This algorithm is slightly sub-optimal since only 16 carrier frequencies are distributed over the 18 available carrier frequencies of the frequency block. It is however simple and fast to execute.
As a variant the algorithm AG3 can again be simplified by noting that each group of carrier frequencies is selected only once throughout the execution of the algorithm and that the fourth condition CD4 may be replaced with the condition CD5 which is: the intersection of the surfaces interfered with by the frequency interference emitted by macro-cells associated with the groups of frequencies of Ak and Ap is a maximum.
According to a last simplifying variant of the algorithm AG3, interference matrices well known to the person skilled in the art may be used for each macro-cell Mm. By considering that the row of the interference matrix of a macro-cell contains the group of frequencies Ak, that is to say the percentage of the various cells interfered with by the macro-cell containing this group Ak, and that the corresponding row of the interference matrix for the macro-cell contains the group of frequencies Ap, the scalar product of the corresponding row vectors provides a good approximation of the degree of overlap of the surfaces interfered with by these two sets of cells and therefore of the nature of their intersection. In the algorithm AG, the condition CD4 is then replaced with the following condition: the scalar product of the rows of the interference matrix corresponding to the macro-cells containing the carrier frequencies of the groups Ak and Ap is a maximum.
These various algorithms AG1, AG2 and AG3 make it possible to realize a first embodiment of the method according to the invention when a prior association of the carrier frequencies of the narrowband system has been established for each cell CC of the system SY.
According to the second embodiment of the scheduling method, the scheduling device DP defines a first set B of C groups of carrier frequencies B1 to BC associated respectively with the C cells of the radiocommunication system SY and each group comprising carrier frequencies, called different “virtual” frequencies. The virtual carrier frequencies can correspond for example to names of frequencies which will be associated subsequently with carrier frequencies of the frequency band ΔFsye of the radiocommunication system SY. The number of virtual carrier frequencies in a group can vary from one group to another. Each group BC is disjoint from another group of the set B. The device also defines a set of virtual blocks comprising an infinite number of frequency blocks, called virtual frequency blocks, BFv1, . . . , BFvh, . . . , BFv∞ in some of which will be distributed the virtual carrier frequencies in the step ER. Each virtual frequency block BFvh comprises N carrier frequencies Fv1,h to FvN,h. The virtual frequency blocks can correspond for example to names of frequency blocks which will be associated, in the step EA, with the real frequency blocks BFe1 to BFej of the frequency band ΔFsyeBB of the broadband radiocommunication system SYBB.
With reference to FIG. 7, the distribution unit UR of the scheduling device executes the step EP of distributing the virtual frequencies of the set B in virtual frequency blocks as a function of the distribution rules RR1, RR2 and RR3. Then, the association unit UA of the device DP executes the step EA of associating the virtual frequency blocks in which the virtual frequencies of the set B have been distributed, with the J real frequency blocks as a function of the frequency reuse rules RU.
The algorithm AG=AG4 of the second implementation executed by the distribution unit UR comprises steps S400 to S405 including a first iterative loop B12 for selecting a virtual frequency block BFvh and a second iterative loop B22 for selecting a carrier frequency Fvn,h of this virtual frequency block BFvh.
Initially, in step S400, the device defines and stores in the memory ME the first set B and the set of virtual frequency blocks. The device also defines a set Y comprising the virtual carrier frequencies of the set B which have not yet been processed, that is to say which have not yet been bijectively mapped with a frequency of a virtual frequency block. The set Y is stored in the memory ME of the device DP and is initially equal to the set B.
In step S401, the distribution unit UR executes the first iterative loop B12 by selecting a virtual frequency block BFvh and by defining an initially empty set X, intended to comprise the virtual carrier frequencies of the set B which have already been bijectively mapped with carrier frequencies Fvn,h of the selected frequency block BFvh. With each selection of a new frequency block, the set X is initialized to the empty set. The set X is stored in the memory ME.
Then, in step S402, the unit UR executes the second iterative loop B22, by verifying whether all the carrier frequencies of the virtual frequency block BFvh have been processed. If some frequencies of the virtual frequency block BFvh have not been processed, the unit UR selects one of them Fvj,n, either in a successive manner by incrementing a variable associated with each index n of the frequencies Fvj,n, or in a random manner. If all the N frequencies Fvh,1 to Fvh,N of the virtual frequency block BFvh have already been selected, the second iterative loop B22 stops and the first loop B12 is again iterated in step S401 so as to select a new virtual frequency block.
During the selection of a new carrier frequency Fvn,h in the virtual frequency block BFvh, in step S402, the unit UR verifies in step S403 whether there are still virtual carrier frequencies in the set Y. If all the frequencies of the set B have been processed in step S403, that is to say the set Y is empty, the distribution unit UR terminates executing the algorithm AG=AG4 and the association unit UA executes the association step EA which will be described subsequently.
If there are still virtual carrier frequencies in the set Y in step S403, the unit UR selects in step S404 a carrier frequency fbc,f in the set Y which complies with the two distribution conditions CD12 and CD22 relating to the distribution rules RR1, RR2 and RR3 of the invention.
According to the first condition CD12, relating more particularly to the rules RR1 and RR3, the carrier frequency fbc,f must be selected such that the frequency interference emitted by the set of cells associated with the frequency fbc,f and with the frequencies of the set X—that is to say the frequencies already distributed in the virtual frequency block BFvh, correspond to the smallest interfered surface area Slmin. The unit UR determines the interfered surface area by means of frequency propagation prediction procedures known to the person skilled in the art for each virtual carrier frequency of the set Y, and selects the frequency fbq,f associated with the smallest interfered surface area and which also complies with the second condition CD22.
According to the second condition CD22, associated more particularly with the second distribution rule RR2, the frequency fbq,f must be selected in such a way that for any virtual frequency Fα belonging to the set X of frequencies distributed in the virtual frequency block BFvh and being associated—together with the frequency fbq,f—with one and the same cell, each frequency φ(Fα) of the block of frequencies BFvh corresponding bijectively to each frequency Fα complies with the constraint of minimum frequency gap Δfe with respect to the frequency Fvn,h and according to the distribution rule RR2. This condition CD22 makes it possible to verify that virtual carrier frequencies belonging to the same group of frequencies BC and distributed in one and the same frequency block are spaced apart by a minimum frequency gap Δfe so as to avoid any frequency interference between frequencies associated with one and the same cell.
In step S405, the unit UR bijectively maps the frequency fbq,f selected from the set Y with the frequency Fvn,h: φ(fbq,f)=Fvn,h, the frequency fbq,f belonging to the first set B of virtual carrier frequencies and the frequency Fvn,h belonging to the virtual block BFvh. The mapping is stored in the memory ME of the device DP. The sets X and Y are updated such that the frequency fbq,f is included in the set X (X=X ∪{fbq,f}) and is excluded from the set Y (Y=Y−{fbq,f})). At the end of step S405, the unit UR repeats the second loop B22 which loops back to step S401, so as to select a new carrier frequency of the frequency block BFvh.
Once all the carrier frequencies of the set B have been distributed in virtual frequency blocks, the device DP executes the association step EA so as to associate the virtual frequency blocks in which the virtual carrier frequencies of the set B are distributed, with real frequency blocks of the frequency band ΔFsy of the system SY while considering the limitation of the frequency resources and the reuse rules RU known from the narrowband radiocommunication systems. Several virtual frequency blocks may be associated with one and the same real frequency block of the frequency band. At the end of the step EA, the frequency scheduling PF is determined as a function of the distribution of the carrier frequencies in each real frequency block of the frequency band and the association of each of these carrier frequencies with one or more cells of the communication system SY.
A simplifying variant of the algorithm AG4, called algorithm AG5, similar to the algorithm AG3 of the first implementation, is to seek the pairs of cells such that the surface interfered with by the emission of the carrier frequencies associated with the selected pair of cells is the smallest.
The association step EA then consists in generating a frequency plan PF of real carrier frequencies by associating real frequency blocks with the virtual frequency blocks using techniques well known to the person skilled in the art. The device PF considers each virtual frequency block as a group and applies the conventional scheduling and frequency reuse rules RU for narrowband systems to associate the virtual frequency blocks with the real frequency blocks.
A third step (not represented in FIG. 7) can optionally be applied by considering that the order of the frequencies in a virtual block is defined only insofar as the constraint of minimum spacing between two carrier frequencies associated with one and the same cell is satisfied. After the frequency scheduling has been established, that is to say the association of the real frequencies with a virtual frequency block, the device permutes the frequencies inside this block with the proviso that the minimum gap constraint is still complied with by the permutation performed.
In particular, in the case of the algorithm AG5, this permutation amounts to permuting the roles of the cells Ci and Cj and to seeking which of these two permutations leads to the lowest interference level.
Once the distribution of the frequencies of the narrowband system has terminated, the scheduling of the broadband system may be performed, the frequency blocks used in a cell of the broadband system being the frequencies which are not interfered with by the carriers of the narrowband system and which do not interfere with the carriers of the narrowband system. The method according to the invention guarantees an optimum or near optimum number for the number of available frequency blocks, without interference with the carriers of the narrowband system.
The descriptions hereinabove are given merely by way of example to illustrate the invention and the person skilled in the art will be able to define variants of these embodiments while remaining within the framework of the invention.
The invention described here relates to a method, a radiocommunication system consisting of a narrowband radiocommunication system and a broadband radiocommunication system both co-located in part or totally on the same frequency band, a scheduling device and at least one base station of the narrowband radiocommunication system. According to one embodiment, the steps of the method of the invention are determined by the instructions of a computer program incorporated into the scheduling device DP. The computer program able to be implemented in the scheduling device comprises program instructions which, when said program is executed in the device whose operation is then controlled by the execution of the program, carry out an allocation of carrier frequencies of the narrowband base station in accordance with the method of the invention.
Consequently, the invention also applies to a computer program, in particular a computer program recorded on or in a recording medium readable by a computer and any data processing device suitable for implementing the invention. This program can use any programming language, and be in the form of source code, object code, or of code intermediate between source code and object code such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other desirable form for implementing the method according to the invention. The program may be downloaded into the device via a communication network such as the Internet.
The recording medium may be any entity or any device capable of storing the program. For example, the medium can comprise a storage means on which the computer program according to the invention is recorded, such as a ROM, for example a CD ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or else a USB key, or a magnetic recording means, for example a hard disk.

## Claims

1. A method for scheduling carrier frequencies for a narrowband radiocommunication system sharing with a broadband radiocommunication system, in one and the same geographical zone, radioelectric transmission cells each comprising a narrowband base station and a broadband base station, and one and the same frequency band, the frequency band being in part divided into a given number of frequency blocks, each comprising a given number of carrier frequencies to optionally be allocated to each narrowband base station, the method comprising:
a step of distributing the carrier frequencies to be allocated to the narrowband base stations over the frequency band such that each frequency block comprises at least two distinct groups of carrier frequencies, each associated with a different narrowband base station, the at least two distinct groups of carrier frequencies being selected according to a distribution rule such that interference relating to the emission of the narrowband base stations associated with groups of carrier frequencies distributed in one and the same frequency block has a minimum interfered surface area, such distributing including bijectively mapping each carrier frequency of one of the groups of the first set with a carrier frequency of a frequency block while complying, on the one hand, with the distribution rule and, on the other hand, with a minimum frequency gap between the carrier frequencies of one and the same group of carrier frequencies bijectively mapped with carrier frequencies of one and the same frequency block; and
an association step determining a first set of first groups of carrier frequencies, each first group of carrier frequencies of which is associated with one or more narrowband base stations according to reuse rules.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, according to which in the distribution step the at least two distinct groups of carrier frequencies are distributed in a frequency block by alternately intercalating each carrier frequency of one group with respectively each carrier frequency of the other group so as to comply with a minimum frequency gap between the carrier frequencies of one and the same group of carrier frequencies.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1 comprising an establishment of a frequency scheduling which associates each narrowband base station of the narrowband radiocommunication system with at least one group of carrier frequencies from among several groups of carrier frequencies distributed per frequency block over the frequency band according to the distribution rule.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, according to which the narrowband radiocommunication system and the broadband radiocommunication system are radiocommunication systems of FDD type sharing in the same frequency band a first frequency band intended for uplink communications from mobile terminals to base stations of one of the two radiocommunication systems and a second frequency band intended for downlink communications from base stations to mobile terminals of one of the two radiocommunication systems, the distribution of the carrier frequencies by frequency block being carried out in a similar manner in the first frequency band and in the second frequency band.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, according to which the distribution step comprises a first iterative loop for selecting each frequency block of the frequency band and a second iterative loop for selecting each carrier frequency of the selected frequency block, and comprising in the second iterative loop a bijective mapping of the carrier frequency of the frequency block with a carrier frequency of the first set while complying with the distribution rule and the minimum frequency gap between carrier frequencies of one and the same group of carrier frequencies distributed in one and the same frequency block.

6. The method as claimed in claim 5 according to which each second iterative loop comprises a step of bijectively mapping a carrier frequency of a first group of carrier frequencies with the selected carrier frequency of the selected frequency block as soon as another carrier frequency of the first group of carrier frequencies has been bijectively mapped with another carrier frequency of the frequency block selected during a previous second iterative loop.

7. The method as claimed in claim 1 according to which the number of carrier frequencies of each first group of carrier frequencies is at most equal to half of the number of carrier frequencies of a frequency block and the distribution step comprises an iterative loop for selecting each frequency block of the frequency band comprising a selection according to the distribution rule of two first groups of carrier frequencies belonging to the first set and a bijective mapping successively of a carrier frequency of the frequency block with alternately a carrier frequency of one of the first two groups while complying with the minimum frequency gap between carrier frequencies of one and the same first group of carrier frequencies.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, according to which the method comprises the following successive steps:
the step of distributing a first set of first groups of carrier frequencies, associated respectively with the narrowband base stations, each first group being distributed with at least one other different first group in one and the same virtual frequency block belonging to a set of virtual frequency blocks while complying with a minimum frequency gap between the carrier frequencies of one and the same group and while complying with the distribution rule, the set of virtual frequency blocks comprising a number greater than or equal to the given number of frequency blocks of the frequency band, and
an association step for associating each virtual frequency block with a frequency block of the frequency band while complying with carrier frequency reuse rules.

9. A narrowband radiocommunication system comprising:
radioelectric transmission cells each being shared with a broadband radiocommunication system, in one and the same geographical zone, and each comprising:
a narrowband base station;
a broadband base station; and
one and the same frequency band, the frequency band being in part divided into a given number of frequency blocks, each frequency block comprising:
a given number of carrier frequencies to optionally be allocated to each narrowband base station, characterized in that the carrier frequencies of the narrowband radiocommunication system allocated to narrowband base stations are distributed over the frequency band such that each frequency block comprises at least two distinct groups of carrier frequencies, each allocated to a different narrowband base station, the at least two distinct groups of carrier frequencies being selected according to a distribution rule such that interference relating to the emission of the narrowband base stations associated with groups of carrier frequencies distributed in one and the same frequency block has a minimum interfered surface area, such distributing including bijectively mapping each carrier frequency of one of the groups of the first set with a carrier frequency of a frequency block while complying, on the one hand, with the distribution rule and, on the other hand, with a minimum frequency gap between the carrier frequencies of one and the same group of carrier frequencies bijectively mapped with carrier frequencies of one and the same frequency block, and a first set of first groups of carrier frequencies is determined, each first group of carrier frequencies of which is associated with one or more narrowband base stations according to reuse rules.

10. A narrowband base station of a radioelectric transmission cell, the radioelectric transmission cell being shared with a broadband radiocommunication system, in one and the same geographical zone, and the radioelectric transmission cell being of a narrowband radiocommunication system and comprising the narrowband base station and a broadband base station, and one and the same frequency band, the narrowband base station comprising:
a memory; and
a distribution unit including one or more processors, the distribution unit configured for dividing the frequency band, in part, into a given number of frequency blocks, each comprising a given number of carrier frequencies to optionally be allocated to the narrowband base station, characterized in that the carrier frequencies allocated to the narrowband base station are distributed over the frequency band with other carrier frequencies allocated to other base stations so that each frequency block comprises at least two distinct groups of carrier frequencies, each allocated to a different narrowband base station, the at least two distinct groups of carrier frequencies being selected according to a distribution rule such that interference relating to the emission of the narrowband base station, which is associated with groups of carrier frequencies distributed in one and the same frequency block has a minimum interfered surface area, such distributing including bijectively mapping each carrier frequency of one of the groups of the first set with a carrier frequency of a frequency block while complying, on the one hand, with the distribution rule and, on the other hand, with a minimum frequency gap between the carrier frequencies of one and the same group of carrier frequencies bijectively mapped with carrier frequencies of one and the same frequency block, and a first set of first groups of carrier frequencies is determined, each first group of carrier frequencies of which is associated with one or more narrowband base stations according to reuse rules.

11. A device for scheduling carrier frequencies for a narrowband radiocommunication system sharing with a broadband radiocommunication system, in one and the same geographical zone, radioelectric transmission cells each comprising a narrowband base station and a broadband base station, and one and the same frequency band, the device comprising:
means for dividing the frequency band, in part, into a given number of frequency blocks, each comprising a given number of carrier frequencies to optionally be allocated to each narrowband base station, characterized in that it comprises a means for associating carrier frequencies with the narrowband base stations and a means for distributing over the frequency band the carrier frequencies associated with the narrowband base stations such that each frequency block comprises at least two distinct groups of carrier frequencies, each associated with a different narrowband base station, the at least two groups of distinct carrier frequencies being selected according to a distribution rule such that interference relating to the emission of the narrowband base stations associated with groups of carrier frequencies distributed in one and the same frequency block has a minimum interfered surface area, such distributing including bijectively mapping each carrier frequency of one of the groups of the first set with a carrier frequency of a frequency block while complying, on the one hand, with the distribution rule and, on the other hand, with a minimum frequency gap between the carrier frequencies of one and the same group of carrier frequencies bijectively mapped with carrier frequencies of one and the same frequency block, and a first set of first groups of carrier frequencies is determined, each first group of carrier frequencies of which is associated with one or more narrowband base stations according to reuse rules.

12. A non-transitory storage medium able to be implemented in a scheduling device so as to schedule the carrier frequencies for a narrowband radiocommunication system sharing with a broadband radiocommunication system, in one and the same geographical zone, radioelectric transmission cells each comprising a narrowband base station and a broadband base station, and one and the same frequency band, the frequency band being in part divided into a given number of frequency blocks, each comprising a given number of carrier frequencies to optionally be allocated to the narrowband base stations, said non-transitory storage medium being characterized in that it comprises instructions which, when the non-transitory storage medium is executed in said scheduling device, carry out the steps of the scheduling method as claimed in claim 1.