[Cite as State v. Wagner, 2014-Ohio-5548.]

Court of Appeals of Ohio 

EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT 

COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA 

JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION 

No. 101153 

STATE OF OHIO

PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE 

vs. 

TERELLE L. WAGNER

DEFENDANT-APPELLANT 

JUDGMENT: 

AFFIRMED 

Criminal Appeal from the 

Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas 

Case No. CR-13-579793-A 

BEFORE: McCormack, J., Kilbane, P.J., and E.T. Gallagher, J. 

RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: December 18, 2014 
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT

Russell S. Bensing 

1350 Standard Building 

1370 Ontario Street 

Cleveland, OH 44113 

ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE

Timothy J. McGinty 

Cuyahoga County Prosecutor 

By: John D. Kirkland 

Assistant County Prosecutor 

9th Floor, Justice Center 

1200 Ontario Street 

Cleveland, OH 44113 
TIM McCORMACK, J.: 

{¶1} Defendant-appellant, Terelle Wagner, appeals from his conviction of carrying a 

concealed weapon and having weapons while under disability. On appeal, he claims the trial 

court erred in denying his motion to suppress the evidence. Finding no merit to his appeal, we 

affirm the trial court’s judgment. 

{¶2} Wagner was charged with carrying a concealed weapon in violation of R.C. 

2923.12(A)(2), a felony of the fourth degree, and having weapons while under disability, in 

violation of R.C. 2923.13(A)(3), a felony of the third degree. He filed a motion to suppress the 

evidence. The trial court denied the motion after a hearing. Wagner then pleaded no contest. 

The trial court found him guilty of the offenses and imposed one year of community control 

sanctions. 

{¶3} On appeal, Wagner raises one assignment of error, claiming the trial court erred in 

denying his motion to suppress. 

Testimony at the Suppression Hearing 

{¶4} While on patrol at around 8:00 p.m on October 30, 2010, several police officers 

received a dispatch call indicating a person being held and a gun was involved, on a house on 

Walton Avenue, Cleveland. Officer Neagu was asked to assist Officers Schade and Sauders. 

Officer Neagu testified that he arrived at the scene within ten minutes. He and the other two 

officers walked up to the house and knocked on the front door. A male, later identified as 

Kenneth Schoffner, answered the door, and the officers advised him the reason of the presence of 

the officers. Schoffner let the officers in. Officer Neagu testified as follows: 
Q. What did you do when you got to the residence? 

A. We knocked on the front door. Person answered the door. We advised him 

why we were there, that we had received a call to check about a person 

being held against their will. He said there was no one there being held 

against their will. Obviously given the severity of the situation, we asked if 

he minded if we went in and checked and he had no problem with that and 

let us in. 

{¶5} Officer Shade’s testimony was consistent with a consented entry. He testified: 

* * *A male did answer the door. I don't recall his name or anything like that. 

He answered the door and then PO Sauders had a brief 

conversation, stating why we are here, that we are here for a male held against his 

will and I don’t recall what the male said at that point, but all I remember is they 

made entry to the door with the male stating that I guess they were allowed, and I 

checked the upstairs. 

{¶6} While Officer Shade checked the upstairs unit of the house, the other officers 

followed Schoffner into the downstairs unit. The apartment looked “abandoned” and in 

disarray. It was also dark. The only lights that were on came from the kitchen area. The 

officers had to use their flashlights. Another man stood in the darkness in the dining room area. 

Officer Neagu found it peculiar that this man, later identified as Wagner, was just standing there 

in the darkness. Because of the nature of the dispatch call, Officer Neagu asked the two men if 

there was anyone else in the house. Both said no. 

{¶7} At that point, Officer Neagu was standing with his back to a door. To ensure his 

safety, he turned around and opened the door, which revealed a closet in which a male was 

standing in the pitch dark with his back to the doorway. Officer Neagu ordered the man out of 
the closet and immediately ordered all three men on the ground. The officers then handcuffed 

them and patted them down for weapons. While patting down Wagner, Officer Neagu felt a 

magazine clip. Wagner admitted he had a gun on him. A loaded gun was found on his 

waistband. 

{¶8} Officer Fairchild testified that he removed the gun from Wagner’s waistband. It 

was a semiautomatic handgun, a 0.380 Hi Point. Two other officers testified. Officer Schuler 

testified that he and his partner, Officer Lozinak, heard a Code One radio broadcast regarding a 

male being held by a gun. When they arrived at the house, the men in the house were already 

detained by the other officers. He explained Code One is the most serious radio broadcast. 

Officer Shade testified he checked the upstairs unit while the other officers went into the 

downstairs unit — Wagner’s apartment. 

{¶9} Wagner testified on his own behalf. He admitted to prior offenses of drug 

trafficking, burglary, and having weapons while under disability. He testified that he shared 

the apartment with Schoffner and Schoffner’s then-girlfriend. Schoffner’s sister and her 

boyfriend also stayed there but had moved out. On the day of the incident, an acquaintance 

Juan Broom — the man standing inside the closet, was there. Wagner explained the house was 

in disarray because they were packing up to move out of the house. He stated that before the 

police came, he, Schoffner, and Broom rolled up some joints and were about to smoke. Wagner 

stated he recognized the voice in the 911 call as the voice of a friend, “Nook,” but could not 

explain why “Nook” made the call. 

{¶10} Although the “dispatch narrative” in the police report in this case contained a 

notation “unsure if this is real or a prank,” the officers were not aware of the uncertainty. 

Standard of Review
{¶11} An appellate review of a motion to suppress presents a mixed question of law and 

fact. State v. Burnside, 100 Ohio St.3d 152, 2003-Ohio-5372, 797 N.E.2d 71, ¶ 8. We accept 

the trial court’s findings of fact if they are supported by competent, credible evidence. State v. 

Preztak, 181 Ohio App.3d 106, 2009-Ohio-621, 907 N.E.2d 1254, ¶ 22 (8th Dist.). Once we 

accept the factual findings as true, however, we must independently determine, as a matter of law 

and without deference to the trial court’s conclusion, whether the trial court's decision meets the 

applicable legal standard. State v. Lloyd, 126 Ohio App.3d 95, 709 N.E.2d 913 (7th Dist.1998). 

{¶12} Wagner claims the anonymous tip did not provide the police with probable cause to 

make a warrantless entry and search of the home. 

{¶13} Our review of the suppression hearing transcript shows that the police entered 

Wagner’s apartment with consent. However, even if the consent was not clearly reflected by 

the testimony, as Wagner claims, the police entry would qualify under the emergency-aid or 

exigent-circumstance exception to the Fourth Amendment’s warrant requirement. 

Emergency-Aid or Exigent-Circumstance Exception

{¶14} Warrantless searches are presumptively unconstitutional, but several exceptions 

to the warrant requirement have been delineated by the courts, including the one pertinent to this 

case, the “community-caretaking exception,” which courts sometimes refer to as the 

“emergency-aid exception” or “exigent-circumstance exception.” State v. Dunn, 131 Ohio 

St.3d 325, 2012-Ohio-1008, 964 N.E.2d 1037, ¶ 15. The exception is based on a recognition that 

[p]olice officers are not simply criminal law enforcers, charged with investigating 

criminal conduct and developing and maintaining evidence of crime. They have 

other roles, one of which is their community health, safety, and protection role. 

Police officers are charged with the duty to prevent crime, preserve the peace, and 

protect persons and property. 
State v. Russell, 127 Ohio App.3d 414, 417, 713 N.E.2d 56 (9th Dist.1998), citing State v. Hyde, 

26 Ohio App.2d 32, 33, 268 N.E.2d 820 (9th Dist.1971). 

{¶15} Accordingly, “‘[t]he Fourth Amendment does not bar police officers from making 

warrantless entries and searches when they reasonably believe that a person within is in need of 

immediate aid.’” State v. Nields, 93 Ohio St.3d 6, 16, 752 N.E.2d 859 (2001), quoting 

Mincey v. Arizona, 437 U.S. 385, 391, 98 S.Ct. 2408, 57 L.Ed.2d 290 (1978). “‘The need to 

protect or preserve life or avoid serious injury is justification for what would be otherwise illegal 

absent an exigency or emergency.’” Dunn at ¶18, quoting Wayne v. United States , 318 F.2d 205, 

212 (D.C.Cir.1963) (the community-caretaking/emergency-aid exception allows a 

law-enforcement officer to act without a warrant when the officer has objectively reasonable 

grounds to believe that there is an immediate need for the officer’s assistance to protect life or 

prevent serious injury); Hyde, supra (the emergency-aid exception to the warrant requirement 

is satisfied by a showing the police officers had reasonable grounds to believe that some kind of 

emergency existed). “The ultimate standard set forth in the Fourth Amendment is 

reasonableness.” Cady v. Dombrowski, 413 U.S. 433, 439, 93 S.Ct. 2523, 37 L.Ed.2d 706 

(1973). “Reasonable belief is assessed from the facts and circumstances known to the officers, 

and from their point of view.” Lakewood v. Simpson, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 80383, 

2002-Ohio-4086, ¶ 14, citing State v. Robinson, 103 Ohio App.3d 490, 496, 659 N.E.2d 1292 

(1st Dist.1995). 

{¶16} We are aware that the dispatch here was based on an anonymous tipster, the 

least reliable among different classes of informants. However, whether an anonymous tip 

provides reasonable suspicion or probable cause is determined by the totality of the 

circumstances. Navarette v. California, 572 U.S. ___, 134 S.Ct. 1683, 188 L.Ed.2d 680 (2014). 
{¶17} Here, although there appeared to be a notation in the dispatcher’s note that the call 

might be a prank, the officers were not aware of that uncertainty. The officers believed they 

were responding to a Code One dispatch, the highest priority call, involving the presence of a gun 

and a person in imminent harm’s way. The courts have noted that “‘[t]he business of policemen 

and firemen is to act, not to speculate or meditate on whether the report is correct. People could 

well die in emergencies if police tried to act with the calm deliberation of the judicial process.’” 

State v. Johnson, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 96983, 2012-Ohio-1344, ¶ 11, quoting Wayne at 212. 

The entry, if indeed without consent as Wagner claims, was justified by the officers’ reasonable 

belief that entering the residence was necessary to investigate what appeared to be an emergency. 

See Dunn, 131 Ohio St.3d 325, 2012-Ohio-1008, 964 N.E.2d 1037 (the court cited with 

approval a Florida Supreme Court case that held that the warrantless entry and search of an 

apartment in response to a call indicating that a person in the apartment had threatened to kill 

himself was lawful because of exigent circumstances indicating the need for help).

{¶18} Once the officers entered the apartment, their suspicion of a potential criminal 

activity was not dispelled. They saw a dark apartment in disarray and a male standing in the 

darkness. There was no TV watching or other usual household activities going on in the 

apartment. Immediately after the two men in the apartment assured the officer that no one else 

was in the apartment, the officer opened a door behind him — understandably to secure the 

officers’ safety — a third man was found standing inside the pitch-dark closet, contradicting the 

two men’s representation. Under these circumstances, the officers’ belief they had an 

immediate need to protect themselves was prudent and not unreasonable. They were, of 

necessity, entitled to search the three men for weapons to ensure their own safety. As the 

Supreme Court of Ohio cautioned, “‘[w]e cannot blind ourselves to the need for law 
enforcement officers to protect themselves and other prospective victims of violence in situations 

where they may lack probable cause for an arrest.’” State v. Andrews, 57 Ohio St.3d 86, 89, 

565 N.E.2d 1271, quoting Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 24, 88 S.Ct. 1868, 20 L.Ed.2d 889 (1968). 

{¶19} For the foregoing reasons, we overrule the assignment of error. The trial court’s 

judgment denying the motion to suppress the evidence is affirmed. 

It is ordered that appellee recover of appellant costs herein taxed. 

The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal. 

It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this court directing the common pleas 

court to carry this judgment into execution. The defendant’s conviction having been affirmed, 

any bail pending appeal is terminated. Case remanded to the trial court for execution of 

sentence. 

A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of the 

Rules of Appellate Procedure. 

______________________________________________ 

TIM McCORMACK, JUDGE 

MARY EILEEN KILBANE, P.J., and 

EILEEN T. GALLAGHER, J., CONCUR