IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA

FIFTH DISTRICT

NOT FINAL UNTIL TIME EXPIRES TO

FILE MOTION FOR REHEARING AND

DISPOSITION THEREOF IF FILED

JESUS G. GONSALEZ,

Appellant,

v. Case No. 5D22-940

LT Case No. 2017-CF-0589

STATE OF FLORIDA,

Appellee.

________________________________/

Opinion filed April 21, 2023

3.850 Appeal from the Circuit Court 

for Putnam County,

Howard O. McGillin, Jr., Judge.

Jesus G. Gonsalez, Lowell, pro se.

Ashley Moody, Attorney General, 

Tallahassee, and Rebecca Rock McGuigan, 

Assistant Attorney General, Daytona Beach,

for Appellee.

EISNAUGLE, J.

Appellant, Jesus G. Gonsalez, appeals the summary denial of his 

Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.850 motion challenging his convictions 

after an open plea for leaving the scene of a crash involving serious bodily 
2

injury, leaving the scene of a crash involving damage, careless operation of 

a motor vehicle without a valid driver’s license, and driving a commercial 

vehicle while license suspended. We reverse as to Grounds 2, 3, 6, and 9,

and otherwise affirm.

Failure to Investigate Witnesses

In Ground 2, Gonsalez alleged that he was forced to enter an open

plea1 because his counsel failed to investigate and prepare certain defense 

witnesses for trial. Specifically, Gonsalez alleged that these fact and expert 

witnesses would have established that he did not know he was in a collision 

because a heart condition caused him to black out while driving.

In summarily denying this claim, the postconviction court reasoned that 

the record conclusively refutes this claim because counsel was prepared 

enough at sentencing to cross-examine certain witnesses on this subject. On 

appeal, Gonsalez argues that counsel’s preparation for sentencing, which 

was more than two months after entry of the plea, does not conclusively refute 

this claim. 

 

1 The record attachments do not include the plea colloquy, nor does our 

record indicate whether a trial was imminent at the time of the plea. Given 

our very limited record, we consider the issues only as framed, and find no 

grounds for a “tipsy coachman” affirmance. See Robertson v. State, 829 So. 

2d 901, 906 (Fla. 2002).
3

As to the expert witnesses, Gonsalez alleged a sufficient claim. See 

State v. Lucas, 183 So. 3d 1027 (Fla. 2016). Moreover, we agree with 

Gonsalez that the record attachments, which largely focus on the sentencing 

hearing, do not conclusively refute the claim. We therefore reverse and 

remand for the postconviction court to conduct an evidentiary hearing or to 

attach records conclusively refuting this part of the claim.

As to the fact witnesses, however, Gonsalez’s claim was conclusory 

and insufficiently pled. See Nelson v. State, 875 So. 2d 579, 583–84 (Fla. 

2004). Therefore, on remand, the postconviction court must give Gonsalez 

an opportunity to amend this claim as to the fact witnesses. See Fla. R. Crim. 

P. 3.850(f)(3).

Plea to Mutually Exclusive Crimes

In Ground 3, Gonsalez alleged that his counsel was ineffective, as we 

read the claim, for advising him to enter an open plea to both leaving the 

scene of an accident with serious bodily injury and leaving the scene of an 

accident with only property damage. See §§ 316.027(2)(b), .061(1), Fla. Stat. 

(2016). Ground 3 fully analyzes the pertinent statutory language to argue that

these two crimes are mutually exclusive, quoting Linen v. State, 268 So. 3d 

874, 876 (Fla. 2d DCA 2019) in support, and concludes with an allegation that 

if counsel had been effective, “the plea process would have been different.” 
4

While the substance of Ground 3 is clear to us, at times Gonsalez 

inartfully labeled counsel’s alleged ineffectiveness as allowing “true

inconsistent verdicts” despite the fact there was no verdict in Gonsalez’s 

case. Nevertheless, the motion also more accurately described this ground

as allowing “inconsistent judgments” and “inconsistent convictions and 

sentences.”

In summarily denying this claim, the postconviction court focused on

the phrase “inconsistent verdicts” and reasoned that there could not be an 

inconsistent verdict in this case because Gonsalez entered a plea. 

On appeal, Gonsalez argues that the postconviction court erred in 

denying this ground. We agree. Considering Ground 3 in its entirety, we 

conclude that a fair reading of the ground is not that Gonsalez somehow 

suffered truly inconsistent jury verdicts. See Gunn v. State, 378 So. 2d 105, 

106 (Fla. 5th DCA 1980) (employing “a fair reading” of pro se postconviction

motion). Instead, Ground 3 alleges that counsel was ineffective for advising 

Gonsalez to enter a plea to mutually exclusive crimes, as explained in Linen.

2

2

Importantly, other than recognizing that Gonsalez mistakenly used 

the term “inconsistent verdict,” we need not rewrite or add to the motion to 

reach our interpretation of Ground 3.
5

Given that the postconviction court misinterpreted Ground 3, we 

reverse and remand for the court to either conduct an evidentiary hearing or 

attach records conclusively refuting this claim.

Plea Based on Incorrect Sentencing Score

In Ground 6, Gonsalez alleged that his counsel was ineffective for 

advising him to enter an open plea based on a scoresheet that incorrectly 

indicated he qualified for a non-prison sanction. The motion explains that the 

State submitted an amended scoresheet at sentencing, which increased 

Gonsalez’s lowest permissible sentence to 55.4 months in prison. In the 

motion, Gonsalez alleged that no reasonable attorney would advise a 

defendant to plead open based on the possibility of a non-prison sanction 

when the correct scoresheet required a minimum sentence of 55.4 months.

In summarily denying Ground 6, the postconviction court interpreted 

the claim as alleging that Gonsalez was sentenced using an incorrect 

scoresheet. On appeal, Gonsalez argues that he was not challenging the 

scoresheet used at sentencing, but instead argued that his counsel was 

ineffective for advising him that he would qualify for a non-prison sanction if 

he entered a plea. We agree that the postconviction court misinterpreted 

Gonsalez’s argument, and we reverse and remand for the court to either
6

conduct an evidentiary hearing or attach records conclusively refuting the 

claim.

Given our disposition on Grounds 2, 3, and 6, we also reverse as to 

Ground 9, which alleges cumulative error. We otherwise affirm.

AFFIRMED in part; REVERSED in part; and REMANDED.

LAMBERT, C.J., and EDWARDS, J., concur.