Permit #: 28.1121-02

Effective Date: November 06, 2006

Expiration Date: December 19, 2010



# SOUTH DAKOTA DEPARTMENT OF

ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES

TITLE V AIR QUALITY OPERATING PERMIT

Steven M Pirner, Secretary Department of Environment and Natural ResourcesUnder the South Dakota Air Pollution Control Regulations

Pursuant to Chapter 34A-1-21 of the South Dakota Codified Laws and the Air Pollution Control Regulations of the State of South Dakota and in reliance on statements made by the owner designated below, a permit to operate is hereby issued by the Secretary of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources. This permit authorizes such owner to operate the unit(s) listed in Table #1 under the listed conditions.

A. Owner

1. Company Name and Mailing Address

GCC Dacotah PO Box 360 Rapid City, South Dakota 57709

2. Actual Source Location if Different from Above

501 North St. Onge Rapid City, South Dakota 57702

3. Permit Contact

Gene Nelson Environmental Specialist 605-721-7100

4. Facility Contact

Gene Nelson Environmental Specialist 605-721-7100

5. Responsible Official

Ron Hedrick Vice President of Operations 605-721-7100

B. Permit Revisions or Modifications

November 6, 2006 – Permit modification for the addition of an air separator (baghouse) to the kiln #6 feed system

Issued December 2005 iC. Type of Operation

GCC Dacotah operates a portland cement manufacturing facility located in Rapid City, South Dakota. The facility operates two wet process kilns and one dry process kiln with a total clinker production capacity of one million tons per year. The various plant operations include: quarrying, crushing, raw mate rial transfer and storage, calcining in rotary kilns, clinker transfer and storage, finish mills, cement transfer and storage and product shipping by rail or truck.

Issued December 2005 ii

### TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

1.0 Standard Conditions 1

1.1 Construction and operation of source 1 1.2 Insignificant activities 3 1.3 Prevention of significant deterioration permit requirements 3 1.4 Duty to comply 3 1.5 Property rights or exclusive privileges 4 1.6 Penalty for violating a permit condition 4 1.7 Inspection and entry 4 1.8 Severability 4 1.9 Permit termination, modification, or revocation 4 1.10 Records and information available to the public 4 1.11 Definition of terms 5 1.12 Applicable requirements 5 1.13 Permit shield 12 1.14 Credible evidence 13

2.0 Permit Fees 13

2.1 Annual air fee required 13 2.2 Annual operational report 13 2.3 Annual air fee 14

3.0 Permit Amendment and Modification Conditions 14

3.1 Permit flexibility 14 3.2 Administrative permit amendment 14 3.3 Minor permit amendment 14 3.4 Permit modification 15 3.5 Permit revision 15 3.6 Testing new fuels or raw materials 15

4.0 Permit Renewal Requirements 16

4.1 Permit effective 16 4.2 Permit renewal 16 4.3 Permit expiration 16

5.0 Record Keeping and Reporting Requirements 16

5.1 Record keeping and reporting 16 5.2 Signatory requirement 17 5.3 Certification statement 17 5.4 Operations and maintenance plan 17

Issued December 2005 iii

### TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

5.5 Startup, shutdown, malfunction plan 18 5.6 Monitoring log 18 5.7 Annual records 18 5.8 Quarterly report – excess air emissions 19 5.9 Semiannual excess emissions and monitoring report 19 5.10 Annual compliance certification 20 5.11 Reporting permit violations 21 5.12 Initial startup notification for Unit #63 21

6.0 Control of Regulated Air Pollutants 21

6.1 Opacity limit 21 6.2 Opacity limit for fugitive emissions from kiln #6 – coal mill system 24 6.3 Opacity exceedances 24 6.4 Best available control technology limits for particulate 24 6.5 Particulate limit for maximum achievable control technology standard 25 6.6 Particulate limit for Unit #41 26 6.7 Particulate limits 26 6.8 Best available control technology limits for kiln #6 system 26 6.9 Sulfur dioxide limits 28 6.10 Dioxin and furan limits for wet kilns, dry kiln and alkali bypass 28 6.11 Inlet temperature for wet kilns, dry kiln and alkali bypass air pollution control device 28 6.12 Air emission exceedances -- emergency conditions 29 6.13 Circumvention not allowed 29 6.14 Minimizing emissions 29

7.0 Performance Tests 30

7.1 Performance test may be required 30 7.2 Test methods and procedures 30 7.3 Representative performance test 30 7.4 Submittal of test plan 30 7.5 Notification of test 30 7.6 Performance test report 30 7.7 Particulate testing requirements 31 7.8 Opacity testing requirements 32 7.9 Dioxin and furan testing requirements 32 7.10 Annual calibration of temperature monitors 33 7.11 Performance test procedure for Unit #41 33 7.12 Annual audit of continuous opacity monitors 33 7.13 Annual performance test for Unit #11 33 7.14 Initial performance test for Unit #63 33

Issued December 2005 iv

### TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

8.0 Monitoring Requirements 34

8.1 Monthly monitoring for opacity limits 34 8.2 Daily monitoring for opacity limits 35 8.3 Certified personnel – visible emission tests 35 8.4 Continuous emission monitoring systems 35 8.5 Continuous opacity monitoring systems 36 8.6 Performance specification and quality assurance 36 8.7 Re-certification of the continuous emission monitoring system 36 8.8 Monitoring data 37 8.9 Continuous temperature monitors for Unit #41 37 8.10 Annual combustion system inspection 37 8.11 Continuous temperature monitor for kilns and alkali bypass 37 8.12 Compliance assurance monitoring 38

9.0 Best available control measures for fugitive dust sources 38

9.1 Unpaved road controls 38 9.2 Paved road and parking area controls 39 9.3 Track out area controls 39 9.4 Reclamation plan 39 9.5 Open storage pile control 39 9.6 Waste pit control 40 9.7 Blasting controls 40 9.8 Opacity limit for fugitive sources 40 9.9 Opacity reading during a high wind dust alert 40

Issued December 2005 v

### 1.0 STANDARD CONDITIONS

1.1 Construction and operation of source. In accordance with Administrative Rules of South Dakota (ARSD) 74:36:09:02, as referenced to 74:36:05:16.01(8), the owner or operator shall construct and operate the units, controls, and processes as described in Table #1 in accordance with the statements, representations, and supporting data contained in the complete permit application submitted and dated December 18, 2002, August 15, 2003, and May 3, 2006, unless modified by the conditions of this permit. The application consists of the application forms, supporting data, and supplementary correspondence. If the owner or operator becomes aware that it failed to submit any relevant facts in a permit application or submitted incorrect information in an application, such information shall be promptly submitted.

Table #1 Description of Permitted Units, Operations, and Processes

Unit Description of Process Maximum Operating Rate Control Device Maximum Flow Rate 1

1 EDC101 Primary and secondary crushers 1,000 tons per hour Baghouse 7,500 acfm
2 EDC102 Screen 1,000 tons per hour Baghouse 7,500 acfm

3 EDC402 Rotary kiln #4 fired on coal or natural gas 550 tons clinker per day Electrostatic Precipitator -

4 EDC403 Rotary kiln #5 fired on coal or natural gas 550 tons clinker per day Electrostatic Precipitator -

5 EDC416 Wet process clinker cooler 1100 t ons clinker per day Baghouse -

6 EDC652 Raw material storage building to two kiln feed storage silos 180 tons per hour Baghouse 7,500 acfm

6a EDC501 Rock silo to Loesche Mill 180 tons per hour Baghouse 10,000 acfm
6b EDC602 Kiln feed storage silo to kiln #6 160 tons per hour Baghouse 4,100 acfm

7 EDC420 Penthouse storage #1 (south) 1100 tons clinker per day Baghouse - 7a EDC421 Penthouse storage #1 (south ) 1100 tons clinker per day Baghouse - 7b EDC710 Clinker shed to finish mills 500 tons per hour Baghouse 15,000 acfm

7c EDC706 Raw Shed to Loesche Mill 40 tons per hour Baghouse 1,500 acfm

7d EDC701 Raw material transferred from belt conveyor 107 to belt conveyor 108 800 tons per hour Baghouse 2,000 acfm

7e EDC705 Gypsum raw shed to old clinker building 350 tons per hour Baghouse 2,000 acfm

7f EDC703 Raw shed to Loesche Mill 40 tons per hour Baghouse 1,500 acfm

7g EDC704 Gypsum raw shed to old clinker building 350 tons per hour Baghouse 2,000 acfm

8 EDC614 Penthouse storage #2 (north) 2,250 tons clinker per day Baghouse 5,000 acfm
8a EDC627 Penthouse storage #2 (north) 2,250 tons clinker per day Baghouse 3,500 acfm
8b EDC613 Penthouse storage #2 (north) 2,250 tons clinker per day Baghouse 5,000 acfm

Issued December 2005 1Unit Description of Process Maximum Operating Control Maximum Rate Device Flow Rate 1

8c EDC707 Rock silo discharge 1,000 tons per hour Baghouse 5,000 acfm

9 EDC619 Rotary kiln #6 fired on coal or natural gas 2,250 tons clinker per day Preheater/ Precalcinator/ Baghouse 240,000 acfm

10 EDC615 Dry process clinker cooler 2,250 tons clinker per day Baghouse 153,000 acfm

11 EDC623 Alkali bypass and alkali waste to waste bin transfer system 2,250 tons clinker per day Baghouse 60,000 acfm

12 EDC731 Finish mill #3 35 tons per hour Baghouse 15,000 acfm
13 EDC741 Finish mill #4 40 tons per hour Baghouse 15,000 acfm

14 EDC751 Finish mill #5 45 tons per hour Baghouse 15,000 acfm
15 EDC761 Finish mill #6 45 tons per hour Baghouse 15,000 acfm
16 EDC771 Finish mill #7 (mill sweep) 85 tons per hour Baghouse 28,000 acfm
16a EDC772 Finish mill #7 (mill separator) 85 tons per hour Baghouse 80,000 acfm
16b EDC708 Finish mill #7 (transfer) 500 tons per hour Baghouse 4,500 acfm
16c EDC709 Finish mill #7 (transfer) 500 tons per hour Baghouse 8,000 acfm
16d EDC713 Clinker transfer system 500 tons per hour Baghouse 10,000 acfm

17 EDC804 Bulk storage silos 125 tons per hour Baghouse 4,000 acfm
18 EDC821 Bulk storage silos 125 tons per hour Baghouse 4,000 acfm
19 EDC805 Bulk storage silos 125 tons per hour Baghouse 4,000 acfm
20 EDC832 Bulk storage silos 125 tons per hour Baghouse 10,000 acfm

21 EDC824 Bulk storage silos 200 tons per hour Baghouse 5,000 acfm

24 EDC827 Rail storage silos 125 tons per hour Baghouse 4,000 acfm
25 EDC828 Rail storage silos 125 tons per hour Baghouse 4,000 acfm
26 EDC834 Rail storage silos 125 tons per hour Baghouse 10,000 acfm

27 EDC853 Bulk rail load outs 500 tons per hour Baghouse 1,688 acfm
28 EDC854 Bulk rail load outs 500 tons per hour Baghouse 6,416 acfm
35 EDC825 East bulk truck load out 500 tons per hour Baghouse 3,000 acfm
36 EDC826 West bulk truck load out 500 tons per hour Baghouse 4,000 acfm
37 EDC801 Cement bagging 114 tons per hour Baghouse 5,900 acfm
38 EDC802 Cement bagging 114 tons per hour Baghouse 5,900 acfm
39 EDC803 Cement bagging 114 tons per hour Baghouse 5,900 acfm
40 EDC419 Wet kiln waste to waste bin 12 tons per hour Baghouse -

41 ECD628
EDC629 Coal mill 20 tons coal per hour 5.3 MMBtus per hour heat input Single stage cyclone and two baghouses operated in parallel 42,000 acfm

Issued December 2005 2Unit Description of Process Maximum Operating Control Maximum Rate Device Flow Rate 1

41b EDC274 Coal stacker top 400 tons per hour Baghouse 1,300 acfm
41c EDC275 Coal surge bin top 400 tons per hour Baghouse 450 acfm
41d EDC702 Coal tunnel to coal stacker 400 tons per hour Baghouse 2,000 acfm
41e EDC276 Coal surge bin top 400 tons per hour Baghouse 4,000 acfm
41f EDC277 Coal transfer 400 tons per hour Baghouse 1,300 acfm 41g EDC280 Coal bin #4 9 tons per hour Baghouse - 41h EDC279 Coal bin #5 9 tons per hour Baghouse - 41i EDC278 Coal bin #6 400 tons per hour Baghouse 600 acfm

62b EDC272
EDC273 Coal – hopper to conveyor 400 tons per hour Two baghouses operated in parallel 500 acfm per baghouse

63 Air separator – kiln #6 feed system 2,250 tons clinker per day Baghouse 1906 acfm

1 – “acfm” means actual cubic feet per minute

1.2 Insignificant activities. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:12, the owner or operator has identified mobile internal combustion engines, to include engines in autos, trucks, tractors, and locomotives; laboratory equipment used exclusively for chemical or physical analysis; air conditioning or ventilating systems not designed to remove air pollutants from equipment; and routine housekeeping or plant upkeep activities such as painting buildings, re-tarring roofs or the paving of parking lots as insignificant activities. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:04.01, the identified activities are considered insignificant activities and exempt from inclusion in this permit.

1.3 Prevention of significant deterioration permit requirements. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(8), (9), and (19), the preven tion of significant deterioration air quality permit #28.1101-PSD is fully incorporated by reference throughout this permit, except permit conditions 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 3.4, 3.5, 5.6, and 5.7 of permit #28.1101-PSD. As of the date of issuance of this permit, the owner or operator has complied with permit conditions 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 3.4, 3.5, 5.6, and 5.7 of permit #28.1101-PSD.

1.4 Duty to comply. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:09:02, as referenced to ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(12), the owner or operator shall comply with the conditions of this permit. An owner or operator who knowingly makes a false statement in any record or report or who falsifies, tampers with, or renders inaccurate, any monitoring device or method is in violation of this permit. A violation of any condition in this permit is grounds for enforcement, reopening this permit, permit termination, or denial of a permit renewal application. The owner or operator, in an enforcement action cannot use the defense that it would have been necessary to cease or reduce the permitted activity to maintain compliance. The owner or operator shall provide any information requested by the Secretary to determine compliance or whether cause exists for

Issued December 2005 3reopening or terminating this permit. This permit does not waive compliance with federal, state, or local laws and ordinances.

1.5 Property rights or exclusive privileges. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(12), the State’s issuance of this permit, adoption of design criteria, and approval of plans and specifications does not convey any property rights of any sort, any exclusive privileges, any authorization to damage, injure or use any pr ivate property, any authority to invade personal rights, any authority to violate federal, stat e or local laws or regulations, or any taking, condemnation or use of eminent domain against any property owned by third parties. The State does not warrant that the owner’s or operator’s compliance with this permit, design criteria, approved plans and specifications, and operation under this permit, will not cause damage, injury or use of private property, an invasion of personal rights, or violation of federal, state or local laws or regulations. The owner or operator is solely and severally liable for all damage, injury or use of private property, invasion of personal rights, infringement of federal, state or local laws and regulations, or taking or condemnation of property owned by third parties, which may result from actions taken under the permit.

1.6 Penalty for violating a permit condition. In accordance with South Dakota Codified Law (SDCL) 34A-1, a violation of a permit condition may subject the owner or operator to civil or criminal prosecution, a state penalty of not more than $10,000 per day per violation, injunctive action, administrative permit action, and other remedies as provided by law.

1.7 Inspection and entry. In accordance with SDCL 34A-1-41, the owner or operator shall allow the Secretary to:

1. Enter the premises where a regulated activity is located or where pertinent records are stored; 2. Have access to and copy any records that are required under this permit; 3. Inspect operations regulated under this permit; or 4. Sample or monitor any substances or parameters for the purpose of assuring compliance.

1.8 Severability. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:09:02, as referenced to ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(11), any portion of this permit that is void or challenged shall not affect the validity of the remaining permit requirements.

1.9 Permit termination, modification, or revocation. In accordance with SDCL 34A-1-21 and ARSD 74:36:05:46, the Secretary may recommend that the Board of Minerals and Environment terminate, modify, or revoke this permit for violations of SDCL 34A-1 or the federal Clean Air Act or for nonpayment of any outstanding fee or enforcement penalty.

1.10 Records and information available to the public. In accordance with SDCL 34A-1-14, any records, reports, or information obtained by the Secretary or the Board of Minerals and Environment shall be available to the public, except that upon a showing satisfactory to the Board of Minerals and Environment by the owners or operators that the records, reports, or information obtained by the Secretary or the Board of Minerals and Environment regarding processes or production technique are sufficiently unique to affect adversely the competitive position of the owner or operator by revealing trade secrets, the Secretary and Board of Minerals

Issued December 2005 4and Environment shall consider the record, report, or information or particular portion thereof confidential. All data relating to air pollution emissions are public records and subject to public disclosure.

1.11 Definition of terms. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:01, the terms and phrases used throughout this permit shall only have the meaning and scope set forth in existing state and federal law and regulations.

1.12 Applicable requirements. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05, Table #2 lists all applicable requirements.

Table #2 APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS

Permit Condition Applicable Requirements Unit #

1.1 Construction and operation of source – ARSD 74:36:09:02 and 74:36:05:16.01(8) Facility wide

1.2 Insignificant activities – ARSD 74:36:05:12 Facility wide

1.3 Prevention of significant deterioration permit requirements – ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(8), (9), and (19) Units #1, #2, #6, #6a, #6b, #7b, #7c, #7d, #7e, #7f, $7g, #8, #8a, #8b, #8c, #9, #10, #11, #12, #13, #14, #15, #16, #16a, #16b, #16c, #16d, #17, #18, #19, #20, #21, #24, #25, #26, #27, #28, #35, #36, #37, #38, #39, #41, #41b, #41c, #41d, #41e, #41f, #41i, #41j, and #62b
1.4 Duty to comply with operating permit – ARSD 74:36:09:02 and 74:36:05:16.01(12) Facility wide

1.5 Property rights or exclusive privileges – ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(12) Facility wide

1.6 Penalty for violating a permit condition – SDCL Facility wide

Issued December 2005 5Permit Applicable Requirements Unit # Condition
34A-1
1.7 Inspection and entry – SDCL 34A-1-41 Facility wide
1.8 Severability – ARSD 74:36:09:02 and 74:36:05:16.01(11) Facility wide

1.9 Permit termination, modification, or revocation – SDCL 34A-1-21 and ARSD 74:36:05:46 Facility wide

1.10 Records and information available to the public – SDCL 34A-1-14 Facility wide

1.11 Definition of terms – ARSD 74:36:01 Facility wide
1.12 Applicable requirements – ARSD 74:36:05 Facility wide
1.13 Permit Shield - ARSD 74:36:05 Facility wide
1.14 Credible evidence - ARSD 74:36:13:07 Facility wide
2.1 Annual air fee required – ARSD 74:36:05:06.01 Facility wide
2.2 Annual operational report – ARSD 74:37:01:06 Facility wide
2.3 Annual air fee – ARSD 74:37:01:08 Facility wide
3.1 Permit flexibility – ARSD 74:36:05:30 Facility wide
3.2 Administrative permit amendment – ARSD 74:36:05:33 Facility wide

3.3 Minor permit amendment – ARSD 74:36:05:38 Facility wide
3.4 Permit modification – ARSD 74:36:05:39 Facility wide
3.5 Permit revision – ARSD 75:36:05:40 Facility wide
3.6 Testing new fuels or raw materials – ARSD 74:36:11:04 Facility wide

4.1 Permit effective – ARSD 74:36:05:07 Facility wide
4.2 Permit renewal – ARSD 74: 36:05:08 Facility wide
4.3 Permit expiration – ARSD 74:36:05:28 Facility wide
5.1 Record keeping and reporting – ARSD 74:36:09:02 and 74:36:05:16.01(9) Facility wide

5.2 Signatory requirements – ARSD 74:36:09:02 and 74:36:05:12 Facility wide

5.3 Certification statement – ARSD 74:36:09:02 and 74:36:05:16.01(14)(a) Facility wide

5.4 Operations and maintenance plan – ARSD 74:36:08:21 and 40 CFR §§ 63.1350(a) and 63.1350(b) Facility wide

Issued December 2005 6Permit Applicable Requirements Unit # Condition
5.5 Startup, shutdown and malfunction plan – ARSD 74:36:08:03 and 40 CFR §§ 63.6(e)(3) Units #3, #4, #5, #6, #6a, #6b, #7, #7a, #7b, #7c, #7d, #7e, #7f, $7g, #8, #8a, #8b, #8c, #9, #10, #11, #12, #13, #14, #15, #16, #16a, #16b, #16c, #16d, #17, #18, #19, #20, #21, #24, #25, #26, #27, #28, #35, #36, #37, #38, #39, and 63
5.6 Monitoring log – ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(9) Facility wide
5.7 Annual records – ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(9) Facility wide
5.8 Quarterly report – excess air emissions – ARSD 74:36:09:02 and 74:36:05:16.01(9) Units #9, #11, and #41

5.9 Semiannual excess emissions and monitoring report – ARSD 74:36:08:03, 74:36:08:21, 74:36:09:02, and 74:36:05:16.01(9); and 40 CFR §§ 63.10(e)(3) and §63.1354(b)(8) Units #3, #4, #5, #6, #6a, #6b, #7, #7a, #7b, #7c, #7d, #7e, #7f, $7g, #8, #8a, #8b, #8c, #9, #10, #11, #12, #13, #14, #15, #16, #16a, #16b, #16c, #16d, #17, #18, #19, #20, #21, #24, #25, #26, #27, #28, #35, #36, #37, #38, #39, and 63
5.10 Annual compliance certification – ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(14) Facility wide

5.11 Reporting permit violations – ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(9) Facility wide

5.12 Initial startup notification – ARSD Unit #63

Issued December 2005 7Permit Applicable Requirements Unit # Condition 74:36:05:16.01(9)
6.1 Opacity limit – ARSD 74:36:07:16, 74:36:08:21, and 74:36:12:01; and 40 CFR §§ 60.252(a)(2), 60.252(c), 63.1343(b)(2), 63.1345(a)(2), 63.1347, and 63.1348 Units #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #6a, #6b, #7, #7a, #7b, #7c, #7d, #7e, #7f, #7g, #8, #8a, #8b, #8c, #9, #10, #11, #12, #13, #14, #15, #16, #16a, #16b, #16c, #16d, #17, #18, #19, #20, #21, #24, #25, #26, #27, #28, #35, #36, #37, #38, #39, #40, #41, #41b, #41c, #41d, #41e, #41f, #41g, #41h, #41i, #62b, and 63

6.2 Opacity limit for fugitive emissions from kiln #6 – coal mill system – ARSD 74:36:07:16 and 40 CFR § 60.252(c) Fugitive sources associated with the coal mill system for Unit #9 (coal processing and conveying equipment; coal storage system; and coal transfer and loading system
6.3 Opacity exceedances – ARSD 74:36:07:01, 74:36:08:03, and 74:36:12:01; and 40 CFR §§ 60.11(c) and 63.7(e) Units #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, #6, #6a, #6b, #7, #7a, #7b, #7c, #7d, #7e, #7f, #7g, #8, #8a, #8b, #8c, #9, #10, #11, #12, #13, #14, #15, #16, #16a, #16b, #16c, #16d,

Issued December 2005 8Permit Applicable Requirements Unit # Condition #17, #18, #19, #20, #21, #24, #25, #26, #27, #28, #35, #36, #37, #38, #39, #40, #41, #41b, #41c, #41d, #41e, #41f, #41g, #41h, #41i, #62b, and 63
6.4 Best available control technology limits for particulate – ARSD 74:36:09:02 and 40 CFR § 52.21(j)(3) Units #1, #2, #6, #6a, #6b, #7b, #7c, #7d, #7e, #7f, #7g, #8, #8a, #8b, #8c, #9, #10, #11, #12, #13, #14, #15, #16, #16a, #16b, #16c, #16d, #17, #18, #19, #20, #21, #24, #25, #26, #27, #28, #35, #36, #37, #38, #39, #41, #41b, #41c, #41d, #41e, #41f, #41i, and #62b
6.5 Particulate limit for maximum control technology standard – ARSD 74:36:08:21 and 40 CFR §§ 63.1343(b)(1) and 60.1345(a)(1) Units #3, #4, #5, #9, #10, and #11

6.6 Particulate limit for Unit #41 – ARSD 74:36:07:16 and 40 CFR § 63.252(a)(1) Unit #41

6.7 Particulate limits – ARSD 74:36:06:03(1) Units #7, #7a, #40, #41g, #41h, and #63
6.8 Best available control technology limits for kiln #6 system – ARSD 74:36:09:02 and 40 CFR § 52.21(j)(3) Units #9, #11, and #41

6.9 Sulfur dioxide limits – ARSD 74:36:06:03(2) Units #3 and #4
6.10 Dioxin and furan limit for wet kilns, dry kiln and alkali bypass – ARSD 74:36:08:21 and 40 CFR § 63.1343(b)(3) Unit #3, #4, #9, and #11

6.11 Inlet temperature limit for wet kilns, dry kiln and alkali bypass air pollution control device – ARSD 74:36:08:21 and 40 CFR § 63.1344(b)(3) Unit #3, #4, #9, and #11

6.12 Air emissions exceedances – emergency conditions – ARSD 74:36:09:02 and Facility wide

Issued December 2005 9Permit Applicable Requirements Unit # Condition 74:36:05:16.01(18)
6.13 Circumvention not allowed – ARSD 74:36:05:47.01 Facility wide

6.14 Minimizing emissions – ARSD 74:36:07:01 and 74: 36:08:03 and 40 CFR §§ 60.11(d) and 63.6(3)(1) Facility wide

7.1 Performance test may be required – ARSD 74:36:11:02 Facility wide

7.2 Test methods and procedures – 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A; 40 CFR Part 63, Appendix A; and 40 CFR Part 51, Appendix M Facility wide

7.3 Representative performance test – ARSD 74:36: 07:01 and 40 CFR § 60.8(c) Facility wide

7.4 Submittal of test plan – ARSD 74:36:11:01 Facility wide
7.5 Notification of test – ARSD 74:36:11:03 Facility wide
7.6 Performance test report – ARSD 74:36:11:02, 74: 36: 08:21, and ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(9); and 40 CFR § 63.1349(a) Facility wide

7.7 Particulate testing requirements – ARSD 74:36:08:21 and 40 CFR §§ 63.1349(b), 63.1349(c) and 63.1349(e) Units #3, #4, #5, #9, #10, and #11

7.8 Opacity testing requirements – ARSD 74:36:08:21 and 40 CFR §§ 63.1349(b) and 63.1349(c) Units #6, #6a, #6b, #7, #7a, #7b, #7c, #7d, #7f, #7g, #8, #8a, #8b, #8c, #12, #13, #14, #15, #16, #16a, #16b, #16c, #16d #17, #18, #19, #20, #21, #24, #25, #26, #27, #28, #35, #36, #37, #38, #39, and 63
7.9 Dioxin and furan testing requirements – ARSD 74:36:08:21 and 40 CFR §§ 63.1349(b), 63.1349(d), and 63.1349(e) Units #3, #4, #9, and #11

7.10 Annual calibration of temperature monitors – ARSD 74:36:07:16, 74:36:07:01, 74:36:08:21; and 40 CFR § 60.253(b), 60.13(b), and 63.1350(f)(6) Units #3, #4, #9, #11 and #41

Issued December 2005 10Permit Applicable Requirements Unit # Condition
7.11 Performance test procedures for Unit #41 – ARSD 74:36:07:16 and 40 CFR § 60.254(b)(1) Unit #41

7.12 Annual audit of continuous opacity monitors – ARSD 74:36:08:21 and 40 CFR § 63.8(e) Units #3, #4, #5, #9, #10, and #11
7.13 Annual performance test for Unit #11 – ARSD 74:36:11:02 Unit #11

7.14 Initial performance test for Unit #63 – ARSD 74:36:11:02 Unit #63

8.1 Monthly monitoring for opacity limits – ARSD 74:36:08:21 and 74:36:13:07; and 40 CFR § 63.1350(a)(4) Units #1, #2, #6, #6a, #6b, #7, #7a, #7b, #7c, #7d, #7e, #7f, #7g, #8, #8a, #8b, #8c, #16b, #16c, #16d, #17, #18, #19, #20, #21, #24, #25, #26, #27, #28, #35, #36, #37, #38, #39, #40, #41, #41b, #41c, #41d, #41e, #41f, #41g, #41h, #41i, #62b, and 63
8.2 Daily monitoring for opacity limits – ARSD 74:36:08:21 and 40 CFR §63.1350(e) Units #12, #13, #14, #15, #16, and #16a

8.3 Certified personnel – visible emission tests – ARSD 74:36:13:07 Facility wide

8.4 Continuous emission monitoring systems – ARSD 74:36:13:01 Units #9, #11, and #41
8.5 Continuous opacity monitoring systems – ARSD 74:36:08:21 and 40 CFR § 63.1350(c) Units #3, #4, #5, #9, #10, and #11
8.6 Performance specifications and quality assurance – ARSD 74:36:08:21 and 74:36:13:02; and 40 CFR §§ 63.1350(c)(1), 63.1350(d)(1), and 60.13(a) Units #3, #4, #5, #9, #10, #11, and #41

8.7 Recertification of the continuous emission monitoring system – ARSD 74: 36:13:01 and 74:36:13:02; and 40 CFR § 60.13(c) Units #9, #11, and #41

8.8 Monitoring data – ARSD 74: 36:13:02 Units #9, #11, and

Issued December 2005 11Permit Applicable Requirements Unit # Condition
#41
8.9 Continuous temperature monitor for Unit #41 – ARSD 74:36:07:16 and 40 CFR § 60.253(a) Unit #41

8.10 Annual combustion system inspection – ARSD 74:36:08:21 and 40 CFR § 63.1350(i) Units #3, #4, and #9

8.11 Continuous temperature monitor for kilns and alkali bypass – ARSD 74:36:08:21 and 40 CFR § 63.1350(f) Units #3, #4, #9, and #11

8.12 Compliance assurance monitoring – ARSD 74:36:13:08 Units #1 and #2

9.1 Unpaved road controls – ARSD 74:36:09:02 and 74:36:05:16.01(8) Facility wide

9.2 Paved road and parking area controls – ARSD 74:36:09:02 and 74:36:05;16.01(8) Facility wide

9.3 Track out area controls – ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(8) Facility wide
9.4 Reclamation plan – ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(8) Facility wide
9.5 Open storage pile control – ARSD 74:36:09:02 and 74:36:05:16.01(8) Facility wide

9.6 Waste pit controls – ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(8) Facility wide
9.7 Blasting controls – ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(8) Facility wide
9.8 Opacity limit for fugitive sources – ARSD 74:36:09:02 and 74:36:05:16.01(8) Facility wide

9.9 Opacity readings during a high wind dust alert – ARSD 74:36:09:02 and 74:36:05:16.01(8) Facility wide

1.13 Permit shield. This permit contains conditions and requirements applicable to GCC Dacotah, including conditions and requirements applicable to the identified individual emissions units. These conditions and requirements are identified in this permit [and generally are referenced in Table #2.] Certain regulations, c onditions and requirements have been determined by the Secretary to be not applicable to GCC Dacotah; these are identified in this permit [and generally referenced in Table #2]. Some emission units have no applicable conditions or requirements and are noted by their omission from this Permit [and Table #2], which constitutes an affirmative decision that no applicable conditions or requirements exist for those emission units. [In all cases, any conflict between Table #2 and the requirements and conditions of this permit shall be resolved in favor of the language contained in the permit and against Table #2.]

Compliance with the conditions of this permit shall be deemed to be compliance with any applicable requirements of the South Dakota Air Pollution Control Act (SDCL ch. 34A-1) and the regulations promulgated thereunder (ARSD art. 74:36) which existed as of the date of permit

Issued December 2005 12issuance and are identified in this permit [and in Table #2], except that this permit shield: (a) shall not be applicable if the permit is based upon inaccurate, misleading, or incomplete information, or upon mistakes or errors (incl uding typographical), submitted by GCC Dacotah in it’s application for a Title V air quality permit; or (b) may not be used as a defense if the owner or operator fails to comply with any of the conditions of the permit.

This permit shield shall not alter or affect the following:

1. The provisions of sections 112(r)(9) and 303 of the Clean Air Act (emergency orders), including the authority of the administrator under those sections; 2. The liability of an owner or operator of a source for any violation of applicable requirements prior to or at the time of permit issuance; 3. The applicable requirements of the acid rain program, consistent with section 408(a) of the Clean Air Act; or 4. The ability of the Secretary or the administrator to obtain information from the facility pursuant to section 114 of the Clean Air Act.

1.14 Credible evidence . In accordance with ARSD 74:36:13:07, credible evidence may be used for the purpose of establishing whether the owner or operator has violated or is violation of this permit. Credible evidence is as follows:

1. Information from the use of the following methods is presumptively credible evidence of whether a violation has occurred at the source:

a. A monitoring method approved for the source pursuant to 40 CFR § 70.6(a)(3) and incorporated in this permit; b. Compliance methods specified in an applicable plan; 2. The following testing, monitoring, or information gathering methods are presumptively credible testing, monitoring, or information-gathering methods:

a. Any monitoring or testing methods approved in this permit, including those in 40 CFR Parts 51, 60, 61, and 75; or b. Other testing, monitoring, or information-gathering methods that produce information comparable to that produced by any method in section (1) or (2)(a).



### 2.0 PERMIT FEES

2.1 Annual air fee required. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:06.01, the owner or operator shall submit an annual administrative fee and an annual fee. The fee is based on actual emissions in accordance with ARSD 74:37.

2.2 Annual operational report. In accordance with ARSD 74:37:01:06, the Secretary will supply the owner or operator with an annual operational report in January of each year. The owner or operator shall complete and submit the operational report to the Secretary by March 1 of each year. The responsible official shall sign the operational report in the presence of a notary public.

Issued December 2005 132.3 Annual air fee. In accordance with ARSD 74:37: 01:08, the Secretary will notify the owner or operator of the required annual air em ission fee and administrative fee by June 1 of each year. The fees shall accrue on July 1 and are payable to the Department of Revenue by July 31 of each year.



### 3.0 PERMIT AMENDMENT AND MODIFICATION CONDITIONS

3.1 Permit flexibility. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:30, the owner or operator shall have the flexibility to make changes to the source during the term of this permit. The owner or operator shall provide the Secretary written notice at least seven days in advance of the proposed change (NOTE: The Secretary will forward a copy of the written notice to EPA). The written notice shall include a brief description of the change, the date on which the change is to occur, any change in emissions, and the proposed changes to this permit.

The Secretary will notify the owner or operator whether the change is an administrative permit amendment, a minor permit amendment, or a permit modification. A proposed change that is considered an administrative permit amendment or a minor permit amendment can be completed immediately after the Secretary receives the written notification. The owner or operator must comply with both the applicable requirements governing the change and the proposed permit terms and conditions until the Secretary takes final action on the proposed change.

A proposed change that is considered a permit modification can not be constructed until the Secretary takes final action on the proposed change. Permit modifications are subject to the same procedural requirements, including public comment, as the original permit issuance except that the required review shall cover only the proposed changes.

3.2 Administrative permit amendment. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:33, the Secretary has 60 days from receipt of a written notice to verify that the proposed change is an administrative permit amendment. The Secretary considers a proposed change an administrative permit amendment if the proposed change accomplishes one of the following:

1. Corrects typographical errors; 2. Changes the name, address, or phone number of any person identified in this permit or provides a similar minor administrative change at the source; 3. Requires more frequent monitoring or reporting by the source; 4. The ownership or operational control of a source change and the Secretary determines that no other change in this permit is necessary. However, the new owner must submit a certification of applicant form and a written statement specifying the date for transfer of operating permit responsibility, coverage, and liability; or 5. Any other changes that the Secretary and the administrator of EPA determines to be similar to those requirements in this condition.

3.3 Minor permit amendment. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:38, the Secretary has 90 days from receipt of a written notice or 15 da ys after the end of EPA's 45-day review period,

Issued December 2005 14whichever is later, to take final action on a minor permit amendment. Final action consists of issuing or denying a minor permit amendment or determining that the proposed change is a permit modification. The Secretary considers a proposed change to be a minor permit amendment if the proposed change:

1. Does not violate any applicable requirements; 2. Does not involve significant changes to exis ting monitoring, reporting, or record keeping requirements; 3. Does not require or change a case-by-case determination of an emission limit or other standard, a source-specific determination for temporary sources of ambient impacts, or a visibility or increment analysis; or 4. Does not seek to establish or change a permit term or condition for which the source has assumed to avoid an applicable requirement, a federally enforceable emission cap, or an alternative emission limit. An alternative emission limit is approved pursuant to regulations promulgated under section 112(i)(5) of the federal Clean Air Act.

3.4 Permit modification. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:39, an owner or operator may apply for a permit modification. A permit modification is any proposed change that meets the definition of a modification in ARSD 74:36:01:10 or is not an administrative amendment or a minor permit amendment. Modification is defined as a physical change in or change in the operation of a source that results in at least one of the following:

1. An increase s in the amount of an air pollutant emitted by that source or in the emission of an air pollutant not previously emitted; 2. A significant change to existing monitoring, reporting, or record keeping requirements in this permit; 3. The change requires or changes a case-by-case determination of an emission limit or other standard, a source-specific determination for temporary sources of ambient impacts, or a visibility or increment analysis; or 4. The change seeks to establish or change a permit term or condition for which there is a corresponding underlying applicable requirement that the source has assumed to avoid an applicable requirement, a federally enforceable emissions cap assumed to avoid classification as a modification under Title I of the Clean Air Act, or an alternative emissions limit approved pursuant to regulations promulgated un § 112(i)(5) of the Clean Air Act.

Permit modifications are subject to the same procedural requirements, including public comment, as the original permit issuance except that the required review shall cover only the proposed changes.

3.5 Permit revision. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:40, the Secretary may reopen and revise this permit to meet requirements of SDCL 34A-1 or the federal Clean Air Act.

3.6 Testing new fuels or raw materials. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:11:04, an owner or operator may request permission to test a new fuel or raw material to determine if it is compatible with existing equipment before requesting a permit amendment or modification. A complete test proposal shall consist of the following:

Issued December 2005 151. A written proposal that describes the new fuel or raw material, operating parameters, and parameters that will be monitored and any testing associated with air pollutant emissions during the test; 2. An estimate of the type and amount of regulated air pollutant emissions that will result from the proposed change; and 3. The proposed schedule for conducting the test. In most cases the owner or operator will be allowed to test for a maximum of one week. A request for a test period longer than one week will need additional justification. A test period shall not exceed 180 days.

The Secretary shall approve, conditionally approve, or deny in writing the test proposal within 45 days after receiving a complete proposal. Approval conditions may include changing the test schedule or pollutant sampling and analysis methods. Pollutant sampling and analysis methods may include, but are not limited to performance testing, visible emission evaluation, fuel analysis, dispersion modeling, and monitoring of raw material or fuel rates.

If the Secretary determines that the proposed change will result in an increase in the emission of a regulated air pollutant or result in the emission of an additional regulated air pollutant, the Secretary shall give public notice of the proposed test for 30 days. The Secretary shall consider all comments received during the 30-day public comment period before making a final decision on the test.

The Secretary will not approve a test if the test would cause or contribute to a violation of a national ambient air quality standard or a prevention of significant deterioration increment.



### 4.0 PERMIT RENEWAL REQUIREMENTS

4.1 Permit effective. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:07, this permit shall expire five years from date of issuance unless reopened or terminated for cause.

4.2 Permit renewal. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:08, the owner or operator shall submit an application for a permit renewal at least 180 days before the date of permit expiration if the owner or operator wishes to continue an activity regulated by this permit. The current permit shall not expire and shall remain in effect until the Secretary takes final action on the timely permit renewal application.

4.3 Permit expiration. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:28, permit expiration terminates the owner’s or operator’s right to operate any unit covered by this permit.



### 5.0 RECORD KEEPING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

5.1 Record keeping and reporting. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:09:02, as referenced to ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(9), the owner or operator shall maintain all monitoring data, records, reports, and pertinent information specified by this permit for five years from the date of sample, measurement, report, or application. The records shall be maintained on site for the first two

Issued December 2005 16years and may be maintained off site for the last three years. All records must be made available to the Secretary for inspection. All notifications and reports shall be submitted to the following address:

South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources PMB 2020, Air Quality Program 523 E. Capitol, Joe Foss Building Pierre, SD 57501-3182

5.2 Signatory requirements. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:09:02, as referenced to ARSD 74:36:05:12, all applications submitted to the Secretary shall be signed and certified by a responsible official. A responsible official for a corporation is a responsible corporate officer and for a partnership or sole proprietorship is a general partner or the proprietor, respectively. All reports or other information submitted to the Secretary shall be signed and certified by a responsible official or a duly authorized re presentative. A person is a duly authorized representative only if:

1. The authorization is made in writing by a person described above and submitted to the Secretary; and 2. The authorization specifies either an individual or a position having responsibility for the overall operation of the regulated facility, such as the position of plant manager, superintendent, position of equivalent responsib ility, or an individual or position having overall responsibility for environmental matters.

The responsible official shall notify the Secretary if an authorization is no longer accurate. The new duly authorized representative must be designated prior to or together with any reports or information to be signed by a duly authorized representative.

5.3 Certification statement. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:09:02, as referenced to ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(14)(a), all documents required by this permit, including application forms, reports, and compliance certification, must be certified by a responsible official or a duly authorized representative. The certification shall include the following statement:

“I certify that, based on information and belief formed after reasonable inquiry the statements and information in this document and all attachments are true, accurate, and complete.”

5.4 Operations and maintenance plan

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:21, as referenced to 40 CFR §§ 63.1350(a) and 63.1350(b), the owner or operator shall maintain and implement the operations and maintenance plan. The plan includes the following:

1. Procedures for proper operation and maintenance of the permitted sources in Table #1, except for Units #1, #2, #40, #41, #41b, #41c, #41d, #41e, #41f, #41g, #41h, #41i, and #62b; 2. Corrective actions for exceedances of emission and operational limits; 3. Procedures to be used during an inspection of the components of the combustion system of each kiln at least once per year; and

Issued December 2005 174. Procedures to periodically monitor opacity in accordance with permit conditions 8.1 and 8.2.

Failure to comply with the provisions of the operations and maintenance plan shall be considered a violation.

5.5 Startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:03, as referenced to 40 CFR §§ 63.6(e)(3), the owner or operator shall develop and implement a startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan that describes, in detail, the following:

1. Procedures for proper operation and maintenance of the permitted units in Table #1 during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunctions, except for Units #1, #2, #40, #41, #41b, #41c, #41d, #41e, #41f, #41g, #41h, #41i, and #62b; and 2. A program of corrective action for malfunctioning process and monitoring equipment used to comply with the relevant standard.

5.6 Monitoring log. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(9), the owner or operator must maintain a monitoring log. The monitoring log shall contain the following information:

1.

2. Maintenance schedule for the air pollution control equipment specified for Units #1, #2, #40, #41, #41b, #41c, #41d, #41e, #41f, #41g, #41h, #41i, and #62b. At a minimum, the maintenance schedule shall meet the manufacturer’s recommended schedule for maintenance. The following information shall be recorded for maintenance:

a. Identify the unit; b. The date and time maintenance was performed;

c. Description of the type of maintenance; d. Reason for performing maintenance; and

e. Signature of person performing maintenance; The following information shall be recorded for each visible emission reading required in permit condition 8.1:

a. Identify the unit; b. The date and time the visible emission reading was performed;

c. If visible emissions were observed; d. Description of maintenance performed to eliminate visible emissions;

e. Visible emission evaluation if visible emissions are not eliminated; and f. Signature of person performing visible em ission reading and/or visible emission evaluation. 3. The following information shall be recorded within two days of each emergency exceedance:

a. The date of the emergency exceedance and the date the emergency exceedance was reported to the Secretary; b. The cause(s) of the emergency;

c. The reasonable steps taken to minimize the emissions during the emergency; and d. A statement that the permitted equipment was at the time being properly operated.

5.7 Annual records. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(9), the owner or operator shall calculate and record the following amounts from January 1 to December 31 of each year:

Issued December 2005 181. The amount of material fed or processed by each unit listed in Table #1; 2. The number of hours operated by each unit listed in Table #1; and 3. The amount of coal burned in Units #3, #4, and #9.

5.8 Quarterly report -- excess air emissions. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:09:02, as referenced to ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(9), the owner or operator shall submit a quarterly excess emission report. The report shall contain the following information:

1. Name of the facility, permit number, reference to this permit condition, and identify the submittal as a quarterly report; 2. Any period in which the sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, or carbon monoxide emission limits for the kiln #6 system (Units #9, #11, and #41) in permit condition 6.7 are exceeded based on the compliance period. If an exceedance occu rs, the report shall identify the following:

a. The date, time, and time period of each exceedance; b. Magnitude of the exceedance;

c. Cause of the exceedance; and d. Measures taken to bring the operations back into compliance. In the case where no exceedance has occurred, the quarterly report shall state that no exceedance has occurred. 3. Any period in which the continuous emission monitoring system was inoperable and did not collect a valid one-hour average while the unit was operational. The following information shall be submitted:

a. The date, time and time period of each period during which the continuous monitoring system was inoperative and did not collect a valid one-hour period; b. The reason the continuous emission monitoring system is down; and

c. The measures taken to bring the continuous emission monitoring system on line again and measures taken to prevent the reason the system went down from occurring again. In the case when there was no time in which the continuous monitoring system was inoperable and did not collect a valid one-hour period while the unit was operational, the quarterly report shall state that the continuous monitoring system was operational at all times.

The quarterly report shall be postmarked no later than the 30 th day following the end of each calendar quarter.

5.9 Semiannual excess emissions and monitoring report. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:03, as referenced to 40 CFR § 63.10(e)(3) and ARSD 74:36:08:21, as referenced to 40 CFR § 63.1354(b)(8) and ARSD 74:36:09:02, as re ferenced to ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(9), the owner or operator shall submit a semiannual excess emissions and monitoring report to the Secretary. The semiannual reports shall include a summary of the following information on each permitted unit, except Units #1, #2, #40, #41, #41b, #41c, #41d, #41e, #41f, #41g, #41h, #41i, and #62b:

1. Name of the facility, permit number, reference to this permit condition, identify the submittal as a semiannual report, and calendar dates covered in the reporting period; 2. The emission and/or operational limits that pertains to each unit;

Issued December 2005 193. Monitoring equipment manufacturer and model number, if applicable; 4. The date, magnitude, and duration of all exceedances of maximum control device inlet gas temperature limits specified in permit condition 6.10; 5. All failures to calibrate thermocouples and other temperature sensors as required under permit condition 7.10; 6. The results of any combustion system component inspections conducted within the reporting period as required by permit condition 8.10; 7. All failures to comply with any provision of the operations and maintenance plan developed in accordance with permit condition 5.4; 8. The magnitude of opacity for all 6-minute block averages where the average opacity was greater than or equal to opacity limit specified in Chapter 6.0, the time period, and the date that the excess emission occurred for each unit with a continuous opacity monitors; 9. Using the following categories, identify the reason for the excess emission specified in subsection (8) of this permit condition:

a. Startup and/or shutdown; b. Control equipment problems;

c. Process problems; d. Other known causes (explain); and

e. Unknown causes; 10. The date and time during which the continuous opacity monitoring system was inoperative, except for zero and span checks; 11. Using the following categories, identify the reason for the continuous opacity monitoring system being inoperative:

a. Monitor equipment malfunctions; b. Non-monitor equipment malfunctions;

c. Quality assurance calibrations; d. Other known causes; and

e. Unknown causes; and 12. The percentage of time that the continuous opacity monitoring system was inoperable during the reporting period.

The semiannual report shall be postmarked no later than the 30 th day following the end of each semiannual period (January 30 th and July 30 th ).

5.10 Annual compliance certification. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(14), the owner or operator shall submit an annual compliance certification letter to the Secretary by March 1 of each year this permit is in effect (NOTE: The Secretary will forward a copy of the certification letter to EPA). The certification shall contain the following information:

1. Methods used to determine compliance, including: monitoring, record keeping, performance testing and reporting requirements; 2. The source is in compliance and will continue to demonstrate compliance with all applicable requirements; 3. In the event the source is in noncompliance, a compliance plan that indicates how the source has or will be brought into compliance; and 4. Certification statement required in permit condition 5.3.

Issued December 2005 205.11 Reporting permit violations. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(9), the owner or operator shall report all permit violations. A permit violation should be reported as soon as possible, but no later than the first business day following the day the violation was discovered. The permit violation may be reported by telephone to the South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources at (605) 773-3151 or by FAX at (605) 773-5286.

A written report shall be submitted within five days of discovering the permit violation. Upon prior approval from the Secretary, the submittal deadline for the written report may be extended up to 30 days. The written report shall contain:

1. Description of the permit violation and its cause(s); 2. Duration of the permit violation, including exact dates and times; and 3. Steps taken or planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent reoccurrence of the permit violation.

5.12 Initial startup notification for Unit #63. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(9), the owner or operator shall notify the Secretary of the actual date of initial startup of Unit #63. Initial startup of Unit #63 is the date that air is first passed through the baghouse. The initial startup notification shall be postmarked within 15 days after such date and contain the following information:

1. Identify submittal as initial startup notification; 2. Name of facility, permit number, and reference to this permit condition; and 3. Actual date of initial startup of Unit #63.



### 6.0 CONTROL OF REGULATED AIR POLLUTANTS

6.1 Opacity limit

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:07:16, as referenced to 40 CFR §§ 60.252(a)(2) and 60.252(c), ARSD 74:36:08:21, as referenced to 40 CFR §§ 63.1343(b)(2), 63.1345(a)(2), 63.1347 and 63.1348 and ARSD 74:36:12:01, the owner or operator shall not discharge into the ambient air an air contaminant of a density equal to or greater than that opacity limit specified in Table #3 for the appropriate permitted unit, operations, and process:

Table #3 Opacity Emission Limit

Unit Description Emission Limit

1 Primary and secondary crushers 20 percent

2 Screen 20 percent

3 Rotary kiln #4 20 percent

4 Rotary kiln #5 20 percent

Issued December 2005 21Unit Description Emission Limit

5 Wet process clinker cooler 10 percent

6 Raw material storage building to two kiln feed storage silos 10 percent

6a Rock silo to Loesche Mill 10 percent

6b Kiln feed storage silo to kiln #6 10 percent

7 Penthouse storage #1 (south) 10 percent

7a Penthouse storage #1 (south ) 10 percent

7b Clinker shed to finish mills 10 percent

7c Raw Shed to Loesche Mill 10 percent

7d Raw material transfer 10 percent

7e Gypsum raw shed to old clinker 10 percent

7f Raw shed to Loesche Mill 10 percent
7g Gypsum raw shed to old clinker 10 percent

8 Penthouse storage #2 (north) 10 percent

8a Penthouse storage #2 (north) 10 percent

8b Penthouse storage #2 (north) 10 percent

8c Rock silo discharge 10 percent

9 Rotary kiln #6 20 percent

10 Dry process clinker cooler 10 percent

11 Alkali bypass 20 percent

12 Finish mill #3 10 percent

13 Finish mill #4 10 percent

14 Finish mill #5 10 percent

15 Finish mill #6 10 percent

16 Finish mill #7 (mill sweep) 10 percent

16a Finish mill #7 (mill separator) 10 percent

16b Finish mill #7 (transfer) 10 percent

16c Finish mill #7 (transfer) 10 percent

16d Clinker transfer system 10 percent

17 Bulk storage silos 10 percent

18 Bulk storage silos 10 percent

Issued December 2005 22Unit Description Emission Limit

19 Bulk storage silos 10 percent

20 Bulk storage silos 10 percent

21 Bulk storage silos 10 percent

24 Rail storage silos 10 percent

25 Rail storage silos 10 percent

26 Rail storage silos 10 percent

27 Bulk rail loadouts 10 percent

28 Bulk rail loadouts 10 percent

35 East bulk truck loadout 10 percent

36 West bulk truck loadout 10 percent

37 Cement bagging 10 percent

38 Cement bagging 10 percent

39 Cement bagging 10 percent

40 Wet kiln waste to waste bin 20 percent

41 Coal mill 20 percent

41b Coal stacker top 20 percent

41c Coal surge bin top 20 percent

41d Coal tunnel to coal stacker 20 percent

41e Coal surge bin top 20 percent

41f Coal transfer 20 percent
41g Coal bin #4 20 percent

41h Coal bin #5 20 percent

41i Coal bin #6 20 percent

62b Coal – hopper to conveyor 20 percent

63 Air separator – kiln #6 feed system 10 percent

This provision does not apply when the presence of uncombined water is the only reason for failure to meet the requirement. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:07:16, as referenced to 40 CFR § 60.254(b)(2) and ARSD 74:36:11:01, compliance with the visible emission limit shall be based on 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method 9, unless otherwise specified in this permit condition.

In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:21, as referenced to 40 CFR §§ 63.1350(c) and 63.1350(d)(3), compliance with the opacity limit for Units #3, #4, #5, #9, #10 and #11 shall be based on the continuous opacity monitor required in permit condition 8.5. These units are in

Issued December 2005 23violation of the appropriate opacity limit if the average opacity for any 6-minute block period exceeds the appropriate opacity limit in Table #3.

6.2 Opacity limit for fugitive emissions from kiln #6 - coal mill system. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:07:16, as referenced to 40 CFR § 60.252(c), the owner or operator shall not discharge into the ambient air an air contaminant of a density equal to or greater than that designated as 20 percent opacity from the following fugitive sources associated with the coal mill system for kiln #6:

1. Coal processing and conveying equipment; 2. Coal storage system; or 3. Coal transfer and loading system.

In accordance with ARSD 74:36:07:16, as referenced to 40 CFR § 60.254(b)(2), compliance with the visible emission limit shall be based on 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method 9.

6.3 Opacity exceedances. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:07:01, as referenced to 40 CFR § 60.11(c), 74:36:08:03, as referenced to 40 CFR § 63.7(e), and ARSD 74:36:12:01, an exceedance of the operating limit in permit condition 6.1 is not considered a violation during start-up, shutdown, or malfunctions. Malfuncti on means any sudden, infrequent, and not reasonably preventable failure of air pollution control equipment, process equipment, or a process to operate in a normal or usual manner. Failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions and are considered violations.

6.4 Best available control technology limits for particulate

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:09:02, as referenced to 40 CFR § 52.21(j)(3), the owner or operator shall limit air emissions of particulate less than or equal to 10 microns in diameter (PM10) from the permitted units to less than or equal to the emission limits in Table #4 and #5.

Table #4 PM10 Hourly Emission Limits

Unit PM10 Emission Limit 1

9 11.95 pounds per hour
10 8.59 pounds per hour
11 2.36 pounds per hour
41 2.09 pounds per hour

1 - Compliance with the hourly emission limit shall be based on the filterable particulate. The performance test method shall be 40 CFR Part 51, Appendix M, Method 201 or an alternative method approved by the Secretary.

Table #5 PM10 Emission Limits 1

Issued December 2005 24Unit # PM10 Emission Limit Unit # PM10 Emission Limit
1 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 16d 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
2 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 17 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot

6 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 18 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot

6a 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 19 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
6b 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 20 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
7b 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 21 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot

7c 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 24 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
7d 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 25 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot

7e 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 26 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
7f 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 27 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 7g 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 28 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
8 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 35 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
8a 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 36 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
8b 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 37 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
8c 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 38 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
9 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 39 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
10 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 41 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
11 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 41b 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
12 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 41c 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
13 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 41d 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
14 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 41e 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
15 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 41f 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
16 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 41i 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
16a 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot 62b 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
16b 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot
16c 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot

1 - Compliance with the grains per dry standard cubic foot emission limit shall be based on the filterable particulate. The performance test method shall be 40 CFR Part 51, Appendix M, Method 201 or an alternative method approved by the Secretary.

6.5 Particulate limit for maximum achievable control technology standard

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:21, as referenced to 40 CFR §§ 63.1343(b)(1) and 60.1345(a)(1), the owner or operator shall not allow the emission of particulate in excess of the emission limit specified in Table #6 for the appropriate permitted unit, operations, and process.

Issued December 2005 25Table #6 Particulate Emission Limit

Unit Description Emission Limit

3 Rotary kiln #4 0.3 pounds per ton feed

4 Rotary kiln #5 0.3 pounds per ton feed

5 Wet process clinker cooler 0.1 pounds per ton feed

10 Dry process clinker cooler 0.1 pounds per ton feed

9 and 11 Rotary kiln #6 and Alkali bypass (combined) 0.3 pounds per ton feed

6.6 Particulate limit for Unit #41

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:07:16, as reference to 40 CFR § 63.252(a)(1), the owner or operator shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere gases from Unit #41 that contain total suspended particulate in excess of 0.031 grains per dry standard cubic foot.

6.7 Particulate limits. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:06:03(1) and 74:36:05:16.01(8), the owner or operator shall not allow the emission of particulate in excess of the emission limit specified in Table #7 for the appropriate permitted unit, operation, and process.

Table #7 Particulate Emission Limit

Unit Description Emission Limit

7 Penthouse storage #1 (south) 1.0 pounds per ton

7a Penthouse storage #1 (south) 1.0 pounds per ton

40 Wet kiln waste to waste bin 1.8 pounds per ton 41g Coal bin #4 2.0 pounds per ton

41h Coal bin #5 2.0 pounds per ton

63 Air separator – kiln #6 feed system 0.01 grains per dry standard cubic foot

6.8 Best available control technology limits for kiln #6 system

. The kiln #6 system consists of Units #9, #11, and #41. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:09:02, as referenced to 40 CFR § 52.21(j)(3), the owner or operator shall limit air emissions from the kiln #6 system to less than or equal to limits listed in Table #8.

Issued December 2005 26Table #8 BACT Emission Limits for Kiln #6 System

Kiln #6 System Short Term
Emission Limit 1 Long Term
Emission Limit 2

Sulfur Dioxide 4, 6 632 pounds per hour 885 tons per 12 month period 3 Nitrogen Oxide 7 2,267 tons per 12 month period 3

Carbon Monoxide 5, 8 3,250 pounds per hour 2,002 tons per 12 month period

1 - The short term emission limit is used to demonstrate compliance with the short term (less than or equal to a 24 hour period) National Ambient Air Quality Standards for sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide.
2 - Compliance with the long term emission limit shall be based on a 12 month rolling average. Each monthly emission rate shall be added to the 11 previous monthly emission rates. The result shall be compared to the long term emission limit.
3 - The long term emission limit is used to demonstrate compliance with the annual National Ambient Air Quality Standard and PSD Increments.
4 - Compliance with the sulfur dioxide short term emission limit shall be based on a 24 hour block average. Each day, the 24 hourly emission rates shall be added together. The sum of the 24 one hour readings shall be divided by 24 and the result compared to the short term limit
5 - Compliance with the carbon monoxide short term emission limit shall be based on an 8 hour block average. The eight hourly rates shall be added together. The sum of the eight one-hour readings shall be divided by 8 and the result compared to the short term emission limit. There will be three 8 hour block averages per day. The three 8 hour blocks shall be from Midnight to 7:59 AM, 8:00 AM to 3:59 PM and 4:00 PM to 11:59 PM.
6 - Sulfur dioxide emissions for the kiln #6 system shall be the summation of the sulfur dioxide emissions recorded by the continuous emission monitoring system on Unit #9 and Unit #41 and the flow rate recorded by the continuous monitoring system on Unit #11 multiplied by the emission concentration determined from the annual stack test on Unit #11.
7 - Nitrogen oxide emissions from the kiln #6 system shall be the summation of the nitrogen oxide emissions recorded by the continuous emission monitoring system on Unit #9, the flow rate recorded by the continuous monitoring system on Unit #41 multiplied by the pollutant concentration from the continuous emission monitoring system on Unit #9, and the flow rate recorded by the continuous monitoring system on Unit #11 multiplied by the emission concentration determined from the annual stack test on Unit #11.
8 - Carbon monoxide emissions from the kiln #6 system shall be the summation of the carbon monoxide emissions recorded by the continuous emission monitoring system on Unit #9, the flow rate recorded by the continuous monitoring system on Unit #41 multiplied by the pollutant concentration from the continuous emission monitoring system on Unit #9, and the flow rate recorded by the continuous monitoring system on Unit #11 multiplied by the emission concentration determined from the annual stack test on Unit #11.

Issued December 2005 276.9 Sulfur dioxide limits. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:06:03(2), the owner or operator shall not allow the emission of sulfur dioxide in excess of the emission limit specified in Table #9 for the appropriate permitted unit, operations, and process.

Table #9 Sulfur Dioxide Emission Limit

Unit Description Emission Limit

3 Rotary kiln #4 3.0 pounds per million Btu heat input

4 Rotary kiln #5 3.0 pounds per million Btu heat input

Compliance with the sulfur dioxide emission limit is based on a three-hour rolling average, which is the arithmetic average of three contiguous one-hour periods.

6.10 Dioxin and furan limit for wet kilns, dry kiln and alkali bypass. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:21, as referenced to 40 CFR § 63.1343(b)(3), the owner or operator shall not allow the emission of dioxins and furans in excess of the emission limit specified in Table #10 for the appropriate permitted unit, operations, and process.

Table #10 Dioxin and Furan Emission Limits

Unit Description Emission Limit 1

3 Rotary kiln #4 8.7 x 10 –11 grains per dry standard cubic feet

or 1.7 x 10 –10 grains per dry standard cubic feet 2

4 Rotary kiln #5 8.7 x 10 –11 grains per dry standard cubic feet

or 1.7 x 10 –10 grains per dry standard cubic feet 2

9
and
11 Rotary kiln #6 and Alkali bypass and alkali waste to waste bin transfer system 8.7 x 10 –11 grains per dry standard cubic feet

or 1.7 x 10 –10 grains per dry standard cubic feet 2

1 – Emission limits are toxicity equivalent and corrected to seven percent oxygen.
2 – The alternative emission limit applies if the aver age of the performance test run average temperatures at the inlet to the particulate control device is 400 degrees Fahrenheit or less.

6.11 Inlet temperature limit for wet kilns, dr y kiln, and alkali bypass air pollution control device. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:21, as referenced to 40 CFR § 63.1344(b)(3), the owner or operator shall operate the kilns and alkali bypass such that the

Issued December 2005 28temperature of the gas at the inlet to each kiln and the alkali bypass particulate control device does not exceed the applicable temperature limit specified in Table #11.

Table #11 Inlet Temperature Limit

Unit Description Temperature Limit 1

3 Rotary kiln #4 467 degree Fahrenheit

4 Rotary kiln #5 412 degree Fahrenheit

9 Rotary kiln #6 (Raw mill operating) 327 degree Fahrenheit

9 Rotary kiln #6 (Raw mill not operating) 547 degree Fahrenheit

11 Alkali bypass 533 degree Fahrenheit

1 - Compliance with the temperature limits shall be based on a 3-hour rolling average determined by continuous temperature monitors required in permit condition 8.11.

The temperature limits in Table #11 are based on the performance test conducted in August 2004. A temperature limit greater than the temperature limit specified in Table #11 may occur provided a stack performance test is conducted and demonstrates compliance with permit condition 6.9 of the permit at the higher temperature.

6.12 Air emission exceedances – emergency conditions. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:09:02, as referenced to ARSD 74:36:05: 16.01(18), the Secretary will allow for an unavoidable emission exceedance of a technology-based emission limit if the exceedance is caused by an emergency condition and immediate action is taken by the owner or operator to restore the operations back to normal. An emergency condition is a situation arising from a sudden and reasonably unforeseeable event beyond the control of the source, including acts of God. An emergency shall not include an emission exceedance to the extent caused by improperly designed equipment, lack of preventive maintenance, careless or improper operation, or operator error. The owner or operator shall notify the Secr etary within two working days of the incident and take all steps possible to eliminate the excess emissions. The notification must provide a description of the emergency, any steps taken to mitigate emissions, and corrective actions taken. If the notification is submitted orally, a written report summarizing the information required by the notification shall be submitted and postmarked within 30 days of the oral notification.

6.13 Circumvention not allowed. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:47.01, the owner or operator may not install, use a device, or use a means that conceals or dilutes an air emission that would otherwise violate this permit. This includes operating a unit or control device that emits air pollutants from an opening other than th e designed stack, vent, or equivalent opening.

6.14 Minimizing emissions. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:07:01, as referenced to 40 CFR § 60.11(d) and ARSD 74:36:08:03, as referenced to 40 CFR § 63.6(e)(1), the owner or operator

Issued December 2005 29shall at all times, when practicable, maintain and operate the facility in a manner that minimizes air pollution emissions.



### 7.0 PERFORMANCE TESTS

7.1 Performance test may be required. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:11:02, the Secretary may request a performance test. A performance test shall be conducted while operating the unit at or greater than 90 percent of its maximum design capacity as stated in permit condition 1.1, unless otherwise specified by the Secretary.

7.2 Test methods and procedures. The owner or operator shall conduct the performance test in accordance with 40 CFR Part 60, Appendi x A; 40 CFR Part 63, Appendix A; and 40 CFR Part 51, Appendix M unless prior approval is obtained from the Secretary.

7.3 Representative performance test

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:07:01, as referenced to 40 CFR § 60.8(c), performance tests shall be conducted under such conditions as the Secretary shall specify to the owner or operator based on the representative performance of the unit being tested. The owner or operator shall make available to the Secretary such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of the performance tests. Operations during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute representative conditions for the purpose of a performance test nor shall emissi ons in excess of the level of the applicable emission limit during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction be considered a violation of the applicable emission limit unless otherwise specified in this permit.

7.4 Submittal of test plan. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:11:01, the owner or operator shall submit the proposed testing procedures to the Secretary at least 30 days before any performance test. The Secretary will notify the owner or operator if the proposed stack test procedures are approved or denied. If the proposed test procedures are denied, the Secretary will provide written notification that outlines what needs to be completed for approval.

7.5 Notification of test. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:11:03, the owner or operator shall notify the Secretary at least 10 days prior to the start of a performance test to arrange for an agreeable test date when the Secretary may observe the test. The Secretary may extend the deadline for the performance test in order to accommodate schedules in arranging an agreeable test date.

7.6 Performance test report. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:11:02, ARSD 74:36:08:21, as referenced to 40 CFR § 63.1349(a) and ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(9), the owner or operator shall submit a performance test report to the Secretary within 60 days after completing the performance test or by a date designated by the Secretary. The performance test report shall contain the following information:

1. 2. A brief description of the process and the air pollution control system being tested; Sampling location description(s);

Issued December 2005 303.

4. 5. 6.

7. 8. 9. 10. A description of sampling and analytical procedures and any modifications to standard procedures; Test results; Quality assurance procedures and results; Records of operating conditions during the test, preparation of standards, and calibration procedures; Raw data sheets for field sampling and field and laboratory analyses; Documentation of calculations; All data recorded and used to establish parameters for compliance monitoring; and Any other information required by the test method.

7.7 Particulate testing requirements

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:21, as referenced to 40 CFR §§ 63.1349(b), 63.1349(c) and 63.1349(e), the owner or operator shall conduct a performance test on Units #3, #4, #5, #9, #10, and #11 every five years. The next performance test shall be conducted on or before August 2009. In addition, the owner or operator is required to repeat a performance test for a kiln within 360 hours of initiating any significant change in the feed or fuel from that used in the previous st ack performance test. The stack performance test shall be conducted to determine the particulate emission rates and compliance with permit condition 6.4. The stack performance test shall be conducted as specified below:

1. The particulate emission rates shall be determined using 40 CFR, Part 60, Appendix A, Method 5. Each performance test shall consist of three separate runs under the conditions that exist when the unit is operating at the highest load or capacity level reasonably expected to occur. Each run shall be conducted for at least one hour and the minimum sample volume shall be 30 dry standard cubic feet. The average of the three runs shall be used to determine compliance; 2. Suitable methods shall be used to determine the kiln feed rate, except for fuels, for each run; 3. The emission rate “E” of particulate shall be computed for each run using the Equation 1.

Equation 1

E = (Cs x Qsd) / P x K) where: E = emission rate of particulate, pounds per ton of feed rate; Cs = concentration of particulate, grains per dry standard cubic foot; Qsd = volumetric flow rate of effluent gas, dry standard cubic foot per hour; P = total kiln feed (dry basis) rate, tons per hour; and K = conversion factor, 453.6 grains per pound; and 4. A separate stack performance test for Unit #9 shall be run when the Fuller Loesche mill is operating and when it is not operating. Units #9 and #11 shall be tested simultaneously during the two separate stack performance tests. The combined emission rate of particulate from the kiln and alkali bypass shall be computed for each run using Equation 2.

Equation 2

Ec = ((Csk x Qsdk) + (Csb x Qsdb) / P x K)

Issued December 2005 31where: Ec = combined emission rate of particulate from kiln and alkali bypass, pounds per ton of feed rate; Csk = concentration of particulate from kiln, grains per dry standard cubic foot; Qsdk = volumetric flow rate of kiln effl uent gas, dry standard cubic foot per hour; Csk = concentration of particulate from alkali bypass, grains per dry standard cubic foot; Qsdk = volumetric flow rate of alkali bypa ss effluent gas, dry standard cubic foot per hour; P = total kiln feed (dry basis) rate, tons per hour; and K = conversion factor, 453.6 grains per pound.

7.8 Opacity testing requirements

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:21, as referenced to 40 CFR §§ 63.1349(b) and 63.1349(c), the owner or operator shall conduct an opacity test on Units #6, #6a, #6b, #7, #7a, #7b, #7c, #7d, #7f, #7g, #8, #8a, #8b, #8c, #12, #13, #14, #15, #16, #16a, #16b, #16c, #16d, #17, #18, #19, #20, #21, #24, #25, #26, #27, #28, #35, #36, #37, #38, and #39 every five years. The next performan ce test shall be conducted on or before May 2007. The opacity test shall be conducted in accordance with 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method 9 and under conditions that exist when the unit or process is operating at the highest load or capacity level reasonably expected to occur. The maximum 6-minute average opacity exhibited during the test period shall be used to determine compliance. The duration of the opacity test shall be 3-hours (30 6-minute averages), except that the duration of the opacity test may be reduce to 1-hour if the following conditions apply:

1. There are no individual readings greater than 10 percent opacity; and 2. There are no more than three readings of 10 percent for the first 1-hour period.

7.9 Dioxin and furan testing requirements

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:21, as referenced to 40 CFR §§ 63.1349(b), 63.1349(d), and 63.1349(e), the owner or operator shall conduct a stack performance test on Units #3, #4, #9, and #11 every thirty months. The next performance test shall be conducted on or before February 2007. In addition, the owner or operator is required to repeat a performance test within 360 hours of initiating any significant change in the feed or fuel from that used in the previous performance test. The stack performance test will be conducted to determine dioxin and furan emission rates and compliance with permit condition 6.9. The dioxin and furan emission limit shall be determined by using the following methods:

1. 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method 23; 2. Each performance test shall consist of three separate runs; each run shall be conducted under the conditions that exist when the unit is operating at the highest load or capacity level reasonably expected to occur. The duration of each run shall be at least three hours and the sample volume for each run shall be at least 90 dry standard cubic feet. The concentration shall be determined for each run and the arithmetic average of the concentrations measured for the three runs shall be calculated and used to determine compliance; 3. The temperature at the inlet to the unit’s particulate control device during the period of the Method 23 test and the continuous temperature record(s) must be included in the

Issued December 2005 32performance test report; 4. One-minute average temperatures must be calculated for each minute of each run of the test; and 5. The average temperature must be calculated for each run and the average temperature for all three runs must be determined and included in the performance test report.

7.10 Annual calibration of temperature monitors

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:07:16, as reference to 40 CFR § 60.253(b), the owner or operator shall calibrate the continuous temperature monitor required in permit condition 8.9 on an annual basis. The calibration procedures shall comply with ARSD 74:36:07:01, as reference to 40 CFR § 60.13(b).

In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:21, as reference to 40 CFR § 63.1350(f)(6), the owner or operator shall recalibrate the thermocouples and other temperature sensors required in permit condition 8.11 on a quarterly basis.

7.11 Performance test procedures for Unit #41. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:07:16, as reference to 40 CFR § 60.254(b)(1), the owner or operator shall use 40 CFR, Part 60, Appendix A, Method 5 when determining the total suspended particulate concentration from Unit #41. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 30 dry standard cubic feet, respectively. Sampling shall begin no less than 30 minutes after startup and shall terminate before shutdown procedures begin.

7.12 Annual audit of continuous opacity monitors. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:21, as reference to 40 CFR § 63.8(e), the owner or operator shall conduct an annual audit on each continuous opacity monitor to verify that the monitors are maintaining the performance specifications noted in 40 CFR Part 60, Appe ndix B, Specification 1. The audit shall be conducted in a manner that is approved by the Secretary. The owner or operator shall contact the Secretary ten days prior to the audit to allow for the Secretary to be present during the audit. The continuous opacity monitor audit report shall be submitted to the Secretary within 60 days after completing the audits or by a date designated by the Secretary.

7.13 Annual performance test for Unit #11. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:11:02, the owner or operator shall conduct an annual performance test on Unit #11 for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide. The annual performance test must be conducted once each calendar year. The Secretary has the discretion to extend the deadline for completion of the performance test if circumstances reasonably warrant. If the extension results in the test being performed in the next calendar year, the extension does not waive the requirement for annual test for the next calendar year. 7.14 Initial performance test for Unit #63. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:11:02, the owner or operator shall conduct an initial performance test on Unit #63 for total suspended particulate matter and opacity. The initial performance test must be conducted within 60 days of the initial startup of Unit #63. The Secretary has the discretion to extend the deadline for completion of the performance test if circumstances reasonably warrant.



### 8.0 MONITORING REQUIREMENTS

Issued December 2005 338.1 Monthly monitoring for opacity limits. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:21, as reference to 40 CFR § 63.1350(a)(4) and ARSD 74:36:13:07, the owner or operator shall demonstrate compliance with the opacity limits in Chapter 6.0, on a periodic basis, except for Units #3, #4, #5, and #9 through #16a, inclusive. Periodic monitoring shall be based on the amount of visible emissions from each unit and evaluated according to the following steps:

Step 1: If there are no visible emissions from a unit subject to an opacity limit, periodic monitoring shall consist of a visible emission reading. A visible emission reading shall consist of a visual survey of each unit in accordance with 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method 22, over a 1-minute period to identify if there are visible emissions. The visible emission reading must be conducted while the unit is in operation; but not during periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunctions. Visible emission readings on each unit subject to an opacity limit in Chapter 6.0 shall be based on the following frequency:

a. The owner or operator shall conduct a visible emission reading once per calendar month; b. If no visible emissions are observed from a un it in six consecutive monthly visible emission readings, the owner or operator may decrease the frequency of readings from monthly to semiannually for that unit; or

c. If no visible emissions are observed from a unit in two consecutive semiannual visible emission readings, the owner or operator may decrease the frequency of testing of readings from semiannually to annually for that unit.

Step 2: If visible emissions are observed from a unit at any time other than periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction, the owner or operator shall conduct a visible emission test on that unit to determine if the unit is in compliance with the opacity limit specified in Chapter 6.0. The emission test shall be for six minutes and conducted in accordance with 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method 9. The visible emission test must be conducted while the unit is in operation; but not during periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunctions. Visible emission tests shall be based on the following frequency:

a. The visible emission test must be conducted w ithin one hour of witnessing a visible emission from a unit during a visible emission reading; b. If the visible emission test required in Step 2(a) results in an opacity value less than or equal to 50 percent of the opacity limit for the unit, the owner or operator shall perform a visible emission test once per month;

c. If the opacity value of a visible emission test is less than five percent for six straight monthly tests, the owner or operator may revert back to monthly visible emission readings as required in Step 1; d. If the visible emission test required in Steps 2(a) or 2(b) results in an opacity value greater than 50 percent of the opacity limit but less than the opacity limit, the owner or operator shall perform a visible emission test once per week; or

e. If the visible emission test in Step 2(d) results in an opacity value less than or equal to 50 percent of the opacity limit for six straight weekly readings, the owner or operator may revert back to a monthly visible emission test as required in Step 2(b).

Issued December 2005 34The person conducting the visible emission test must be certified in accordance with 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method 9. If a visible emissi on test is required before a person is certified in accordance with permit condition 8.3, the owner or operator shall notify the Secretary within 24 hours of observing the visible emissions to sc hedule a visible emission test performed by a state inspector.

8.2 Daily monitoring for opacity limits. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:21, as reference to 40 CFR § 63.1350(e), the owner or operator shall demonstrate compliance with the opacity limits in Chapter 6.0 for Units #12, #13, #14, #15, #16, and #16a on a daily basis in accordance with 40 CFR, Part 60, Appendix A, Method 22. The Method 22 test shall be conducted while the units are operating at a representative performance condition. The duration of the Method 22 test shall be six minutes. If visible emissions are observed during the Method 22 test, the owner or operator shall:

1. Initiate, within one-hour, the corrective actions specified in the site specific operating and maintenance plan developed in accordance with permit condition 5.4; and 2. Within 24 hours of the end of the Method 22 test in which visible emissions were observed, conduct a follow-up Method 22 test of each stack from which visible emissions were observed during the previous Method 22 test. If visible emissions are observed during the follow-up Method 22 test, the owner or operator shall conduct a visual emission test of each stack from which emissions were observed dur ing the follow-up Method 22 test. The visible emission test shall be conducted in accordance with 40 CFR, Part 60, Appendix A, Method 9. The duration of the Method 9 test shall be 30 minutes.

The person conducting the visible emission test must be certified in accordance with 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method 9.

8.3 Certified personnel – visible emission tests. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:13:07, within 180 days after permit issuance the owner or operator shall maintain a person that is certified to perform a visible emission test in accordance with 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method 9. The owner or operator shall maintain a certified person throughout the remaining term of this permit.

8.4 Continuous emission monitoring systems . In accordance with ARSD 74:36:13:01, the owner or operator shall install, certify, operate, and maintain a continuous emission monitoring system on Units #9, #11, and #41. For Unit #9, the continuous emission monitoring system shall measure and record the sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and carbon monoxide emissions, and the exhaust gas flow rate. For Unit #11, the continuous emission monitoring system shall measure and record the exhaust gas flow rate. For Unit #41 the continuous emission monitoring system shall measure and record the sulfur dioxide emissions and the exhaust gas flow rate. The continuous emission monitoring systems shall operate at all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunctions. Monitor downtime is allowed for system breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks, zero and span adjustments, and at times when Units #9, #11, and/or #41 are not in operation.

Issued December 2005 358.5 Continuous opacity monitoring systems . In accordance ARSD 74:36:08:21, as reference to 40 CFR § 63.1350(c), the owner or operator shall install, certify, operate, and maintain a continuous opacity monitoring system on Units #3, #4, #5, #9, #10, and #11. The continuous opacity monitoring systems shall operate at all times, including periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunctions. Monitor downtime is allowed for system breakdowns, out of control periods, repairs, maintenance periods, calibration checks, zero (low-level) and high-level (calibration drift adjustments), and at times when Units #3, #4, #5, #9, #10, and/or #11 are not in operation.

8.6 Performance specifications and quality assurance

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:21, as reference to 40 CFR §§ 63.1350(c)(1) and 63.1350(d)(1) and ARSD 74:36:13:02, as referenced to 40 CFR § 60.13(a), the continuous emission and opacity monitoring systems shall meet the performance specifications in 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix B (Performance Specifications 1, 2 and 3). In addition, the continuous emission monitoring systems shall meet the quality assurance requirements in 40 CFR Part 60 Appendix F.

8.7 Re-certification of the continuous emission monitoring system

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:13:01, the owner or operator shall notify the Secretary in writing prior to making any planned changes to the continuous emission monitoring systems. If the change was unforeseen, the owner or operator shall notify the Secretary in writing within five working days after making the change.

In accordance with ARSD 74:36:13:02, as referenced to 40 CFR § 60.13(c), the owner or operator shall re-certify a continuous emission monitoring system for changes that invalidate the certification status. Changes that invalidate the certification status are as follows:

1. Replacement of the analyzer; 2. Change in location or orientation of the sampling probe or site; 3. Modification to the flue gas handling system which changes its flow characteristics; or 4. A change that in the Secretary’s judgment significantly affects the ability of the system to measure or record the pollutant concentration and volumetric gas flow.

The owner or operator shall re-certify the continuous emission monitoring system within 90 days of completing any change, which invalidates the monitor's certification status. A calibration gas audit shall be conducted in accordance with 40 CFR, Part 60, Appendix F § 5.1.2 within 24 hours of making a change that invalidates the monitor’s certification status. A two point calibration check shall be performed daily, thereafter, until the re-certification test is completed. The results of the re-certification test shall be submitted to the Secretary within 60 days after completing the test.

The following change to a continuous emission monitoring system does not invalidate the certification:

1. 2. 3. Routine or normal corrective maintenance; Replacement of parts on the manufacturer's recommended spare parts list; Software modifications in the automated data acquisition and handling system, where the

Issued December 2005 36modification is only for the purpose of generating additional or modified reports; or 4. Temporary replacement of an analyzer with a similar analyzer. A calibration gas audit shall be conducted in accordance with 40 CFR, Part 60, Appendix F § 5.1.2 within 24 hours of installing a temporary replacement analyzer. A two point calibration check shall be performed daily, thereafter, until the temporary replacement analyzer has been replaced with the original analyzer or the temporary replacement analyzer has been certified. A temporary replacement analyzer that is used on a unit for more than 30 days in a 12-month rolling period shall be certified. If the temporary analyzer is used for one hour or more during the day, that constitutes one day. The certification test shall be performed within 60 days of exceeding the 30 day limit. The results of the certification test shall be submitted to the Secretary within 60 days after completing the test.

8.8 Monitoring data

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:13:02, the continuous emission monitoring system shall monitor the sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and carbon monoxide emission rates in pounds per hour. The sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and carbon monoxide emission rates shall be based on one-hour averages computed from four or more data points equally spaced over each one-hour period. A one-hour period starts at the beginning of the hour and ends at the beginning of the following hour. Data recorded during monitor downtime shall be considered invalid data points and not included in the data averages. For one-hour periods during monitor calibrations, quality control audits or other required maintenance; a minimum of two data points at least 15 minutes apart must be collected to consider the one-hour average valid.

8.9 Continuous temperature monitor for Unit #41

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:07:16, as reference to 40 CFR § 60.253(a), the owner or operator shall install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate a monitoring device that measures the temperature of the gas stream at the exit of Unit #41. The monitoring device is to be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within plus or minus three degrees Fahrenheit.

8.10 Annual combustion system inspection. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:21, as reference to 40 CFR § 63.1350(i), the owner or operator shall conduct an inspection of the components of the combustion system of each kiln on an annual basis.

8.11 Continuous temperature monitor for kilns and alkali bypass

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:08:21, as reference to 40 CFR § 63.1350(f), the owner or operator shall install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate a monitoring device that records the temperature of the exhaust gases from Units #3, #4, #9, and #11 at the inlet to, or upstream of the units particulate control device. The monitoring and recording device shall meet the following specifications:

1. The recorder response range must include zero and 1.5 times either of the average temperatures established during a performance test; and 2. The reference method must be a National Institute of Standards and Technology calibrated reference thermocouple-potentiometer system or alternate reference, subject to approval by the Secretary.

Issued December 2005 37The 3-hour rolling average temperature shall be calculated as the average of 180 successive 1- minute average temperatures. Periods of time when 1-minute averages are not available shall be ignored when calculating 3-hour rolling averages. When 1-minute averages become available, the first 1-minute average is added to the previous 179 values to calculate the 3-hour rolling average. When the operating status of the Fuller Loesche mill is changed from off to on, or from on to off the calculation of the 3-hour rolling average temperature must begin anew, without considering previous records.

8.12 Compliance assurance monitoring. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:13:08, the owner or operator shall implement compliance assurance monitoring on Units #1 and #2 and demonstrate compliance with the particulate limits on a periodic basis.

1. For Units #1 and #2 compliance assurance monitoring shall be based on the visible emission readings taken in accordance with permit conditions 8.1 and 8.2. 2. If the corrective actions do not eliminate the visible emissions, the owner or operator shall perform the following:

a.

b. The owner or operator shall only operate the appropriate unit within the established parameters; and Conduct a performance test on the applicable unit to determine compliance with the particulate limits at the new range. The performance test shall be conducted within 60 days after the deviation is noted.



### 9.0 Best Available Control Measures for Fugitive Dust Sources

9.1 Unpaved road controls. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:09:02, as referenced to ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(8), the owner or operator shall apply a chemical stabilizer on all main haul roads and a chemical stabilizer or water on all secondary roads that have daily vehicular traffic or an alternative method approved by the Secretary. The frequency of applying chemical stabilizer or water will be on an as needed basis to comply with the opacity limit in permit condition 9.8. The owner or operator may pave the main haul roads or secondary roads with tack seal, asphalt, recycled asphalt, or concrete. If the main haul road or secondary haul road is paved, the owner or operator shall meet the requirements of permit condition 9.2. A main haul road is defined as a passageway between the mining area and the processing facility or between the processing facility and the storage area in which material is transferred on a road. A secondary haul road is defined as a passageway in which there is daily vehicular traffic on normal working days other than the main haul roads.

9.2 Paved road and parking area controls

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:09:02, as referenced to ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(8), the owner or operator shall sweep and water flush, vacuum and water flush all paved roads and parking areas, or an alternative method approved by the Secretary to remove particulate matter that has the potential to be resuspended. The frequency of cleaning will be on an as needed basis to comply with the opacity limit in permit condition 9.8.

Issued December 2005 389.3 Track out area controls

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(8), the owner or operator shall pave (asphalt or concrete) a track out area to maintain a stabilized surface starting from the point of intersection with the public paved surface into the facility boundary for a total distance of at least 100 feet and a width of at leas t 20 feet or install a wash station and require all haul truck vehicles leaving the facility to remove track out materials through the use of water.

For temporary track out areas (in use for less than 60 days in a calendar year), techniques and/or controls shall be implemented so as to prevent particulate matter from becoming entrained in violation of the opacity limit in permit condition 9.8.

9.4 Reclamation plan

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(8), the owner or operator shall implement the reclamation plan approved by the Secretary. The owner or operator may propose modifications to the approved reclamati on plan by written notice to the Secretary. The Secretary shall notify the owner or operator within 90 days after receipt of a modification to a reclamation plan on if the proposed modificati on is approved or disapproved. If the proposed modification is disapproved, the Secretary will provide the reason why the proposed modification was not approved and what is required for the proposed modification to be approved. The owner or operator shall resubmit the revised modification within 90 days of receiving the Secretary’s notification. Lands which have been reclaimed and approved by the Secretary shall no longer be subject to the reclamation plan requirements as long as they remain reclaimed.

9.5 Open storage pile control. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:09:02, as referenced to ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(8), the owner or operator shall sample and analyze the silt content of open storage piles that have a height greater than or equal to three feet and have a total surface area greater than or equal to 150 square feet. The analysis shall be conducted once per calendar year and in accordance with ASTM C-136 or another equivalent method approved by the Secretary. Open storage pile controls shall be applied to each open storage pile that has a silt content of four percent by weight or greater. Silt is defined as any material with a particulate size less than 74 micrometers in diameter and passes through a number 200 sieve. Open storage pile controls shall be applied or constructed in a manner that maintains compliance with the opacity limit in permit condition 9.8. Open storage pile controls shall consist of at least one of the following:

1. Apply chemical stabilizer to the surface area of all open storage piles; 2. Apply water to the surface area of all open storage piles; 3. Install at least a two-sided enclosure with walls extending, at a minimum, to the top of the open storage pile; or 4. An alternative method approved by the Secretary

9.6 Waste pit controls. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(8), the owner or operator shall apply a soil cement, water spray, or similar application to create a crusted surface over the entire waste pit or implement a combination of wind protection (i.e., wind-fence, wind-screen, three wall enclosure, etc.) and water spray application. Waste pit controls shall be applied or

Issued December 2005 39constructed in a manner that maintains compliance with the opacity limit in permit condition 9.8.

9.7 Blasting controls

. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(8), no owner or operator shall blast during a high wind dust alert that is in effect except if the detonation charges have been set in the blasting holes prior to being notified of the high wind dust alert.

9.8 Opacity limit for fugitive sources. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:09:02, as referenced to ARSD 74:36:05:16.01(8), the owner or operator shall not discharge a visible emission to the ambient air of a density equal to or greater than 20 percent opacity from an unpaved road, paved road or parking lot, crushi ng operation, open storage pile, track out area, or waste pit. The 20 percent opacity reading is based on a series of two minutes averages with a minimum observation period of six minutes. The opacity reading shall be determined by Tennessee Visual Emissions Method 1 as approved by EPA in 40 CFR §52.2220 or by 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, Method 9.

If an operation exceeds the opacity limit, the S ecretary will allow the owner or operator two opportunities to correct the exceedance with existing controls and/or control measures. In the event of a third exceedance from the same ope ration, the Secretary will notify the owner or operator that the Best Available Control Measure (BACM) for that operation must be reevaluated. The owner or operator shall reevaluate BACM for that operation and submit a written proposal to the Secretary on the proposed new BACM for the operation within 60 days of receiving the Secretary’s notification. The Secr etary shall approve or disapprove the proposed new BACM within 60 days of receiving the proposal from the owner or operator. Once the proposed new BACM is approved by the Secretary, the permit will be revised to include the new BACM using the appropriate permit revision method identified in Chapter 3.0 of this permit.

9.9 Opacity readings during a high wind dust alert. In accordance with ARSD 74:36:09:02, as referenced to ARSD 74:36:05: 16.01(8), opacity readings documenting an exceedance during a high wind air pollution alert shall not be considered an exceedance of the opacity limit in permit condition 9.8. A high wind air pollution alert is based upon the following weather conditions:

1. Winds equal to or greater than 20 miles per hour on an hourly average occurring for two or more consecutive hours; 2. Peak winds of 40 miles per hour (one minute average) or greater; and 3. The above wind conditions with three or more days of low precipitation (less than 0.02 inches).

Issued December 2005 40