U.S. Energy Information Administration / Short-Term Energy Outlook—September 2010 

1 

            

September 2010

Short‐Term Energy Outlook   September 8, 2010 Release                 

Highlights

 These projections reflect updated expectations for economic activity, with

forecasted U.S. real gross domestic product (GDP) growth of 2.8 percent in

2010 and 2.3 percent in 2011, down from the previous Outlook’s growth

projections of 3.1 and 2.7 percent for 2010 and 2011, respectively.  The 2011

world oil‐consumption‐weighted real GDP growth rate is also lowered, to 3.3

percent from the 3.6 percent level in last month’s Outlook.

 EIA projects that the West Texas Intermediate (WTI) spot price, which

averaged $77 per barrel in August, will average $77 per barrel in the fourth

quarter of 2010 and $82 per barrel in 2011, slightly below the forecasts in last

month’s Outlook.

 EIA expects that regular‐grade motor gasoline retail prices, which averaged

$2.35 per gallon last year, will average $2.69 per gallon over the second half of

2010, down 7 cents per gallon from the average for the first half of the year.  In

2011, higher projected crude oil prices combined with strengthening refiner

margins are expected to boost annual average motor gasoline prices to $2.90

per gallon.  

 The projected Henry Hub natural gas spot price averages $4.54 per million Btu

(MMBtu) for 2010, a $0.60‐per‐MMBtu increase over the 2009 average, but

down $0.15 per MMBtu from the forecast in last month’s Outlook.  EIA expects

the Henry Hub spot price will average $4.76 per MMBtu in 2011, down $0.22

per MMBtu from last monthʹs Outlook.

 The annual average residential electricity price increases only moderately over

the forecast period, averaging 11.6 cents per kilowatthour (kWh) in 2010,

compared with 11.5 cents per kWh in 2009, and rising to 11.9 cents per kWh in

2011.  These projections are virtually unchanged from the previous Outlook.
U.S. Energy Information Administration / Short-Term Energy Outlook—September 2010 

2 

 Estimated U.S. carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuels, which

declined by 6.9 percent in 2009, are expected to increase by 3.6 percent in 2010.  

In 2011, projected CO2 emissions increase by a further 0.4 percent as the

expected milder summer reduces electricity use.  However, even with these

increases, CO2 emissions remain below their level in any year from 1999

through 2008.

Global Crude Oil and Liquid Fuels

Crude Oil and Liquid Fuels Overview. For the third month in a row, EIA’s view of the

world oil market remains largely unchanged.  Despite a slight reduction in forecast

global demand growth and the drop in world oil prices in recent weeks, the projected

gradual reduction in global oil inventories over the forecast period should lend

support to firming oil prices.  World oil prices are expected to rise slowly as global

economic growth leads to higher global oil demand, growth in non‐OPEC oil supply

slows in 2011, and members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries

(OPEC) continue to support world oil prices.

Global Crude Oil and Liquid Fuels Consumption.  EIA projects world oil

consumption growth of 1.6 million barrels per day (bbl/d) in 2010.  Countries outside

of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), especially

China, the Middle East countries, and Brazil, represent most of the expected growth in

world oil consumption (World Liquid Fuels Consumption Chart).   Projected global

oil consumption growth in 2011 is 1.4 million bbl/d, down slightly from the previous

Outlook due to lower GDP forecast growth.  

Non‐OPEC Supply.  EIA projects non‐OPEC oil supply will increase by 0.7 million

bbl/d in 2010 with the growth coming mainly from the United States, Brazil, and the

former Soviet Union.  Forecasted non‐OPEC supply falls by 160,000 bbl/d in 2011,

primarily because of declining total North Sea production and lower supply

originating in the former Soviet Union, particularly Russia.  This would be only the

third time in the last 15 years that non‐OPEC supplies fail to grow year‐over‐year,

following non‐OPEC production declines in 2005 and 2008, which were primarily the

result of supply disruptions in the Gulf of Mexico.

OPEC Supply.  EIA expects OPEC crude oil production to rise slightly through 2011 to

accommodate increasing world oil demand and to maintain OPEC market objectives.  

OPEC crude oil production is projected to increase by 0.3 and 0.5 million bbl/d in 2010

and 2011, respectively, with non‐crude petroleum liquids expected to increase by 0.6

million bbl/d in 2010 and 0.7 million bbl/d in 2011.  OPEC surplus capacity should
U.S. Energy Information Administration / Short-Term Energy Outlook—September 2010 

3 

remain near 5 million bbl/d compared with 4.3 million in 2009 and 1.5 million in 2008

(OPEC Surplus Crude Oil Production Capacity Chart).  

OECD Petroleum Inventories.  Commercial inventories held by OECD countries stood

at an estimated 2.75 billion barrels at the end of the second quarter of 2010, equivalent

to about 61 days of forward cover, and roughly 95 million barrels more than the 5‐

year average for the corresponding time of year (Days of Supply of OECD

Commercial Stocks Chart).  OECD oil inventories decline throughout the forecast

period, although days‐forward‐cover should remain high by historical standards.

Crude Oil Prices. WTI crude oil spot prices averaged about $77 per barrel in August

2010, very close to the July average, but $3 per barrel lower than projected in last

month’s Outlook.  WTI spot prices averaged almost $82 per barrel over the first 10

days of August but then fell by $9 per barrel over the next 2 weeks as the market

reacted to a series of reports of a stumbling economic recovery.  EIA has lowered the

average fourth quarter 2010 forecasted WTI spot price to $77 per barrel, compared

with $81 per barrel in last month’s Outlook.  WTI spot prices are projected to rise to

$84 per barrel by the end of next year (West Texas Intermediate Crude Oil Price

Chart).

Energy price forecasts are highly uncertain, as history has shown (Energy Price

Volatility and Forecast Uncertainty).  WTI futures for November 2010 delivery for the

5‐day period ending September 2 averaged $75 per barrel, and implied volatility

averaged 32 percent.  This made the lower and upper limits of the 95‐percent

confidence interval $61 and $94 per barrel, respectively, for WTI delivered November

2010.  Last year at this time, WTI for November 2009 delivery averaged $70 per barrel,

and implied volatility averaged 47 percent, with the limits of the 95‐percent

confidence interval at $51 and $96 per barrel.

U.S. Crude Oil and Liquid Fuels

U.S. Liquid Fuels Consumption.  Projected total liquid fuels consumption grows by

160,000 bbl/d (0.8 percent) in 2010, and 130,000 bbl/d (0.7 percent) in 2011 as all of the

major petroleum products register consumption growth (U.S. Liquid Fuels

Consumption Growth Chart).  This reverses the trend of falling consumption during

2006‐2009.  A year‐over‐year decline in total liquid fuels consumption averaging

40,000 bbl/d in the first quarter of 2010 was followed by a year‐over‐year rise

averaging 440,000 bbl/d in the second quarter of 2010, led by increases in motor

gasoline and distillate fuel oil consumption.  During 2010 as a whole, gasoline

consumption is projected to increase by 0.3 percent and distillate consumption is

projected to grow by 2.0 percent.  Projected gasoline consumption growth increases to
U.S. Energy Information Administration / Short-Term Energy Outlook—September 2010 

4 

0.8 percent in 2011 while distillate fuel consumption growth moderates to 0.7 percent.  

Jet fuel consumption grows at an average annual rate of about 0.7 percent through

2011.

U.S. Liquid Fuels Supply and Imports.  Domestic crude oil production, which

increased by 410,000 bbl/d in 2009, is projected to increase by 70,000 bbl/d in 2010

(U.S. Crude Oil Production Chart).  Crude oil production shut in by hurricanes during

June, July, and August averaged 47,000 bbl/d, about half of EIAʹs original forecast of

96,000 bbl/d for those 3 months.  Forecast total domestic crude oil production rises by

10,000 bbl/d to 5.44 million bbl/d in 2011.  That projection includes a 120,000 bbl/d

decline in the federal Gulf of Mexico (GOM) and a 150,000 bbl/d increase in lower‐48

non‐GOM production next year.  These projections reflect EIAʹs estimates of an

average reduction in crude oil output of about 82,000 bbl/d in 2011 resulting from the

current 6‐month moratorium on deepwater drilling.  Projected ethanol production,

which averaged 710,000 bbl/d in 2009, increases to an average of 850,000 bbl/d in 2010

and 880,000 bbl/d in 2011.  

EIA forecasts that liquid fuel net imports (including both crude oil and refined

products), which fell from 57 percent to 51 percent of total U.S. consumption between

2008 and 2009, will average about 50 percent of total consumption in 2010 and 2011.

U.S. Petroleum Product Prices.  Projected regular‐grade gasoline retail prices rise

from an average $2.35 per gallon in 2009 to an average $2.72 per gallon in 2010 and

$2.90 per gallon in 2011.  Forecast regular‐grade pump prices average $2.76 per gallon

this summer, an increase of 33 cents from last summer.  On‐highway diesel fuel retail

prices, which averaged $2.46 per gallon in 2009, average $2.93 per gallon in 2010 and

$3.10 in 2011 in this forecast.  Refining margins, which have been at their lowest levels

since 2003, are projected to average about $2 per barrel higher next year because of

growing global product demand and shutdowns of excess global refining capacity.

Natural Gas  

U.S. Natural Gas Consumption.  EIA expects total natural gas consumption will

increase by 4.0 percent from 2009 levels to 65.0 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) in

2010 and then remain relatively flat in 2011 (Total U.S. Natural Gas Consumption

Growth Chart).  The power generation and industrial sectors account for the bulk of

the projected increase in consumption in 2010 over 2009.   

Projected consumption of natural gas for power generation grows by nearly 1.3 Bcf/d

to 20.2 Bcf/d in 2010.  The use of natural gas for electric power generation surged this

year because of the 23 percent increase in U.S. cooling degree‐ days, resulting in an
U.S. Energy Information Administration / Short-Term Energy Outlook—September 2010 

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over 300 Bcf (11 percent) increase in natural gas consumption in the power generation

sector over the last 4 months compared with the same period last year.  Projected

natural gas consumption in the power generation sector falls by 0.4 Bcf/d (2.0 percent)

next year because of the expected return to near‐normal summer temperatures.  

Projected use of natural gas in the industrial sector also grows significantly in 2010,

increasing by 6.4 percent, from 16.8 Bcf/d in 2009 to 17.9 Bcf/d in 2010.  Forecasted

industrial‐sector consumption growth slows to 1.2 percent in 2011 as the projected

increase in the natural‐gas‐weighted industrial production index slows from 7.0

percent in 2010 to 2.1 percent in 2011.  

U.S. Natural Gas Production and Imports.  EIA predicts total marketed natural gas

production will increase by 1.2 Bcf/d (2.1 percent) to 61.2 Bcf/d in 2010.  Projected

production declines gradually in 2011, falling by 1.2 Bcf/d (1.9 percent) as relatively

low prices depress drilling activity.   

A total of 7.9 Bcf of natural gas production was shut in because of hurricanes during

June, July, and August, compared with EIA’s original projection of 57.4 Bcf for those 3

months.  Nevertheless, the next 2 months are typically the height of the hurricane

season and additional outages are included in this forecast.  Based on the latest

NOAA hurricane forecast, during the final 3 months of the hurricane season this

forecast includes 66.3 Bcf in outages with almost two‐thirds of that total occurring in

September.   

EIA forecasts gross pipeline imports of 9.2 Bcf/d in 2010, an increase of 1.3 percent

from 2009.  Forecasted imports of liquefied natural gas (LNG) average 1.25 Bcf/d in

2010 and 1.32 Bcf/d in 2011.  Low U.S. prices have discouraged imports, and ample

domestic natural gas production has reduced the need for large quantities of LNG

despite significantly higher consumption.

U.S. Natural Gas Inventories. On August 27, working natural gas in storage was

3,106 Bcf (U.S. Working Natural Gas in Storage Chart), which is 208 Bcf less than the

previous year’s level and 169 Bcf greater than the 5‐year (2005‐2009) average. Weekly

U.S. natural gas inventory builds this year have fallen below last year’s builds in 16 of

the last 18 weeks.  This was primarily the result of the very warm summer and the

resulting increase in natural gas consumption in the power generation sector.  EIA

expects working gas inventories in the United States to total 3,687 Bcf at the end of the

injection season, about 3 percent below the record level reached at the end of the

injection season last year.
U.S. Energy Information Administration / Short-Term Energy Outlook—September 2010 

6 

U.S. Natural Gas Prices.  The Henry Hub spot price averaged $4.32 per MMBtu in

August, $0.31 per MMBtu lower than the average spot price in July (Henry Hub

Natural Gas Price Chart).  EIA expects prices will fall below $4 per MMBtu in

September and October before rebounding at the onset of colder weather.  EIA now

expects prices will average $4.76 per MMBtu in 2011; this is a downward revision

from the $4.98 per MMBtu forecast in last month’s Outlook.  

Uncertainty over future natural gas prices is lower this year compared with last year

at this time.  Natural gas futures for November 2010 delivery for the 5‐day period

ending September 2 averaged $4.07 per MMBtu, and the average implied volatility

over the same period was 48 percent.  This produced lower and upper bounds for the

95‐percent confidence interval of $2.84 and $5.83 per MMBtu, respectively.  At this

time last year, the natural gas November 2009 futures contract averaged $3.89 per

MMBtu and implied volatility averaged 75 percent.  The corresponding lower and

upper limits of the 95‐percent confidence interval were $2.22 and $6.81 per MMBtu.

Electricity  

U.S. Electricity Consumption.  During the first half of 2010, total consumption of

electricity rose an estimated 4.2 percent compared with the first half of last year.  

Growth during the second half is projected to be slightly higher, rising 5.2 percent

compared with the same period in 2009.  High temperatures during July and August

have pushed up sales of electricity in the residential and commercial sectors,

especially in the Midwest and Northeast.  Projected electricity sales to the industrial

sector increase by 6 percent in 2010, but growth slows to 0.2 percent next year as

expected growth in industrial output moderates.  Total forecast consumption of

electricity falls slightly in 2011 since summer temperatures are forecast to return to

near‐normal levels (U.S. Total Electricity Consumption Chart).

U.S. Electricity Generation.  Total U.S. electric‐power‐sector generation grew by

about 3 percent during the first half of this year compared with the same period in

2009.  Generation from coal increased by 6.1 percent, and natural gas generation

increased by 4.7 percent.  Hydropower output declined by nearly 8 percent as water

runoff in the Pacific Northwest was low this spring compared with last year.  Some

areas of the United States set hourly peak load records during July and August and

much of this peak demand was fueled by natural gas, boosting projected year‐over‐

year growth in natural gas generation during the second half of 2010 to over 8 percent.

U.S. Electricity Retail Prices.  Overall, the average U.S. residential electricity price

was down slightly during the first half of 2010 compared with the first half of 2009 in

response to lower fuel costs for generating power.  The largest price declines occurred
U.S. Energy Information Administration / Short-Term Energy Outlook—September 2010 

7 

in New England (‐7.7 percent) and the West South Central region (‐5.3 percent).  In

contrast, residential prices in the Middle Atlantic region were up 6.2 percent during

the first half of the year as some of the price caps in Pennsylvania began to expire.  

Generation fuel costs have increased this year, which is expected to boost U.S.

residential electricity prices by about 2.1 percent in the second half of 2010 compared

with the same period last year, and by 2.4 percent during 2011 (U.S. Residential

Electricity Prices Chart).

Coal  

U.S. Coal Consumption.  Projected coal consumption in the electric power sector

increases by 6.2 percent in 2010 because of the warm summer weather and associated

increase in electricity generation.  With a small projected decline (0.4 percent) in

electricity consumption in 2011, coal‐fired electricity generation and related coal

consumption are projected to decline at a slightly higher rate (0.8 percent), primarily

because of forecasted increases in nuclear and renewable‐based electricity generation

(U.S. Coal Consumption Growth Chart).  

U.S. Coal Supply. Drawdowns in both producer and end‐user inventories (U.S.

Electric Power Sector Coal Stocks Chart) are forecasted to meet the increased coal

consumption in 2010.  Consequently, projected coal production falls by 0.3 percent in

2010.  EIA forecasts a 1.8‐percent increase in coal production in 2011 (U.S. Annual

Coal Production Chart).

  

U.S. Coal Trade. U.S. coal gross imports and gross exports fell by 34 percent and 28

percent in 2009, respectively.  Forecast coal exports will grow by 25 percent in 2010,

driven in part by rising demand for metallurgical coal.  Forecast coal exports in 2011

are relatively unchanged from 2010 levels.  Metallurgical coal currently constitutes a

larger share of the U.S. coal export market than steam coal.   

EIA projects coal imports to decline an additional 15 percent in 2010 as increased

consumption is met by draws on domestic inventories.  Projected coal imports grow

by 35 percent in 2011, but the annual tonnage (26 million short tons) remains

significantly below the 2005‐through‐2008 average of 34 million short tons.   

U.S. Coal Prices. The 2009 delivered electric‐power‐sector coal price increased by 6.7

percent despite decreases in spot coal prices, lower prices for other fossil fuels, and

declines in coal‐fired electricity generation.  This higher cost of delivered coal

reflected the impacts of longer‐term power‐sector coal contracts initiated during a

period of high prices and rising transportation costs.  The projected electric‐power‐
U.S. Energy Information Administration / Short-Term Energy Outlook—September 2010 

8 

sector delivered coal price increases by 1.7 percent to average $2.25 per MMBtu in

2010, and then declines to an average of $2.19 per MMBtu in 2011.

U.S. Carbon Dioxide Emissions  

Forecasted economic growth combined with increased use of coal and natural gas is

expected to contribute to increases in fossil‐fuel CO2 emissions of 3.6 percent in 2010

(U.S. Carbon Dioxide Emissions Growth Chart).  Projected coal‐related CO2   emissions

increase by 6.8 percent in 2010 primarily because of increased electricity sector coal

usage.  Higher natural gas consumption in the industrial and electric power sectors is

expected to lead to a 4.3‐percent increase in CO2   emissions from natural gas.  Demand

for petroleum in the transportation sector (motor gasoline, diesel fuel, and jet fuel)

combined with continued industrial sector fossil fuel demand growth contribute to

the projected 0.4‐percent increase in fossil‐fuel CO2 emissions in 2011.  However, even

with these increases, projected CO2   emissions in 2010 and 2011 remain below their

level in any year from 1999 through 2008.
Chart Gallery for September 2010

Short-Term Energy Outlook 

West Texas Intermediate (WTI) Crude Oil Price

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Jan 2009 Jul 2009 Jan 2010 Jul 2010 Jan 2011 Jul 2011

Historical spot price

STEO price forecast

NYMEX futures price

95% NYMEX futures price confidence interval

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 2010; Reuters News Service; and CME Group

Note: Confidence interval derived from options market information for the 5 trading days ending September 2, 2010

 Intervals not calculated for months with sparse trading in "near-the-money" options contracts

dollars per barrel

U.S. Diesel Fuel and Crude Oil Prices

Forecast

1.30

1.80

2.30

2.80

3.30

3.80

4.30

4.80

Jan 2006 Jan 2007 Jan 2008 Jan 2009 Jan 2010 Jan 2011

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

dollars per gallon dollars per gallon

Note: The different axis scales corresponds to the approximate

 average $1.30/gallon markup of retail diesel fuel over

 the average cost of crude from Jan 2006 - Dec 2009.

Crude oil

Retail diesel fuel
U.S. Gasoline and Crude Oil Prices

Forecast

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

Jan 2006 Jan 2007 Jan 2008 Jan 2009 Jan 2010 Jan 2011

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

Note: Crude oil price is refiner average acquisition cost. Retail gasoline price includes State and Federal taxes.

Retail regular gasoline

Note: The different axis scales imply a "normal"

 $1.00/gallon markup of retail gasoline over

 the average cost of crude oil.

dollars per gallon dollars per gallon

Crude oil

Henry Hub Natural Gas Price

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Jan 2009 Jul 2009 Jan 2010 Jul 2010 Jan 2011 Jul 2011

Historical spot price

STEO price forecast

NYMEX futures price

95% NYMEX futures price confidence interval

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 2010; Reuters News Service; and CME Group

Note: Confidence interval derived from options market information for the 5 trading days ending September 2, 2010

 Intervals not calculated for months with sparse trading in "near-the-money" options contracts

dollars per million btu

Natural Gas Prices

Forecast

0

5

10

15

20

25

Jan 2006 Jan 2007 Jan 2008 Jan 2009 Jan 2010 Jan 2011

Residential price

Henry Hub spot price

Composite wellhead price

dollars per thousand cubic feet

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 2010; Reuters News Service
World Liquid Fuels Consumption

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

-2.5

-1.5

-0.5

0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

4.5

5.5

China United States Other Countries

Total consumption

Annual growth

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

Forecast

million barrels per day million barrels per day

World Liquid Fuels Consumption Growth

(change from previous year)

-2.5

-2.0

-1.5

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2009 2010 2011

OECD* Non-OECD Asia FSU** and Eastern Europe Other

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

* Countries belonging to Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

** Former Soviet Union

Forecast

million barrels per day

-2.5

-2.0

-1.5

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2009 2010 2011

OPEC countries Russia and Caspian Sea

North America Latin America

North Sea Other Non-OPEC

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

2010

Forecast

million barrels per day

World Crude Oil and Liquid Fuels Production Growth

(change from previous year)
Non-OPEC Crude Oil and Liquid Fuels Production Growth 

(change from previous year)

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

United States

Brazil

Azerbaijan

Colombia

Kazakhstan

Vietnam

China

Oman

Russia

Canada

India

Sudan

Syria

Australia

Gabon

Egypt

Malaysia

Other North Sea

United Kingdom

Norway

Mexico

2011

2010

2009

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

million barrels per day

World Consumption and Non-OPEC Production

(change from previous year)

Forecast

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

2007-Q1 2008-Q1 2009-Q1 2010-Q1 2011-Q1

-100

-80

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100 World oil consumption (left axis)

Non-OPEC production (left axis)

WTI crude oil price (right axis)

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

millions of barrels per day dollars per barrel

OPEC Surplus Crude Oil Production Capacity

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011

Forecast

Note: Shaded area represents 1999-2009 average (2.8 million barrels per day)

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

million barrels per day
OECD Commercial Oil Stocks

Forecast

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

Jan 2005 Jan 2006 Jan 2007 Jan 2008 Jan 2009 Jan 2010 Jan 2011

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

0

Note: Colored band represents the range between the minimum and maximum obeserved inventories from Jan. 2005 - Dec. 2009.

days of supply

U.S. Crude Oil and Liquid Fuels Production

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

-0.4

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

Fuel Ethanol Crude oil Liquefied petroleum gas and pentanes plus

Change from prior year

(million barrels per day) Total production

(million barrels per day)

Total production

Annual change

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

Forecast

U.S. Crude Oil Stocks

Forecast

200

220

240

260

280

300

320

340

360

380

400

Jan 2006 Jan 2007 Jan 2008 Jan 2009 Jan 2010 Jan 2011

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

Note: Colored band represents "normal" range published in EIA Weekly Petroleum Status Report, Appendix A.

0

million barrels
U.S. Liquid Fuels Consumption Growth

(change from previous year)

-1,000

-750

-500

-250

0

250

500

2009 2010 2011

Total Motor gasoline Jet fuel Distillate fuel Other

Note: Percent change labels refer to total petroleum products growth

Forecast thousand barrels per day

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

U.S. Gasoline and Distillate Inventories

Forecast

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

260

Jan 2006 Jan 2007 Jan 2008 Jan 2009 Jan 2010 Jan 2011

Note: Colored bands represent "normal" range published in EIA Weekly Petroleum Status Report, Appendix A.

Total motor gasoline inventory

Total distillate fuel inventory

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

0

million barrels

U.S. Total Natural Gas Consumption

0.7%

3.9%

-4.4%

-3.2%

0.2%

-1.4% -1.5%

6.5%

-1.5%

4.0%

-0.2%

3.5%

0.3%

42

44

46

48

50

52

54

56

58

60

62

64

66

68

-6%

-4%

-2%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

20%

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

Consumption

Annual growth

Forecast

billion cubic feet per day change from prior year
U.S. Working Natural Gas in Storage

Forecast

-3,000

-2,000

-1,000

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

-20%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

Jan 2006 Jan 2007 Jan 2008 Jan 2009 Jan 2010 Jan 2011

Deviation from 2005 - 2009 average

Storage level

Note: Colored band around storage levels represents the range between the minimum and maximum from Jan. 2005 - Dec. 2009

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 2010

billion cubic feet

U.S. Coal Consumption Growth

(change from previous year)

-40%

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

2009 2010 2011

Total consumption Electric power sector

Retail and general industry Coke plants

Forecast

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

U.S. Annual Coal Production

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Total U.S. Western region

Appalachian region Interior region

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

Forecast

million short tons
U.S. Electric Power Sector Coal Stocks

Forecast

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

Jan 2002 Jan 2003 Jan 2004 Jan 2005 Jan 2006 Jan 2007 Jan 2008 Jan 2009 Jan 2010 Jan 2011

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

Note: Colored band represents the range between the minimum and maximum obeserved inventories from Jan. 2002 - Dec. 2009.

million short tons

0

U.S. Total Electricity Consumption

1.7%

2.8%

-0.7%

2.1%

0.8% 1.2%

2.8%

0.2%

2.8%

-0.7%

-4.0%

4.7%

-0.4%

6

7

8

9

10

11

-6%

-4%

-2%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

20%

22%

24%

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Annual growth

Consumption

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September

Forecast

billion kilowatthours per day change from prior year

U.S. Residential Electricity Price

-1.2%

0.9%

4.2%

-1.6%

3.2% 2.6%

5.6%

10.1%

2.4%

5.7%

2.5%

0.7%

2.4%

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

-6%

0%

6%

12%

18%

24%

30%

36%

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

Annual growth

Monthly average electricity price

Forecast

cents per kilowatthour change from prior year
U.S. Annual Energy Expenditures Share 

of Gross Domestic Product

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

1984 1987 1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 2011

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

Forecast

U.S. Carbon Dioxide Emissions Growth

(change from previous year)

-15%

-12%

-9%

-6%

-3%

0%

3%

6%

9%

2009 2010 2011

All Fossil Fuels Coal Petroleum Natural Gas

Forecast

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

U.S. Summer Cooling Degree-Days 

(population-weighted)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

Normal

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

Data source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service

 http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/cdus/degree_days/
U.S. Winter Heating Degree-Days

(population-weighted)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR

2006/07

2007/08

2008/09

2009/10

2010/11

Normal

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

Data source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service

 http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/cdus/degree_days/

Source: Short-Term Energy Outlook, September 

Pacific

East

South

Central

South

Atlantic

Middle

Atlantic

New

England

West

South

Central

West

North

Central

East

North

Mountain Central

WA

MT

ID WY

NV

UT

CO

AZ

NM

TX

OK

IA

KS MO IL

IN

KY

TN

MS AL

FL

GA

SC

NC

WV

PA

NY

VT ME

NJ

MD

DE

CTRI

MA

NH

VA

W

MI

OH

NE

SD

ND MN

AR

LA

OR

CA

AK

Pacific

HI

Pacific

WEST MIDWEST NORTHEAST

SOUTH

REGION

Division

LEGEND

State

U.S. Census Regions and Census Divisions
Q2 Q3 Season Q2 Q3 Season Q2 Q3 Season

Nominal Prices (dollars per gallon)

 WTI Crude Oil (Spot) a 1.42 1.62 1.52 1.85 1.81 1.83 30.8 11.5 20.5

 Imported Crude Oil Price b 1.37 1.58 1.48 1.77 1.74 1.75 29.3 10.0 18.9

 U.S. Refiner Average Crude Oil Cost 1.35 1.58 1.47 1.79 1.76 1.78 32.4 11.4 21.0

 Wholesale Gasoline Price c 1.76 1.94 1.85 2.18 2.08 2.13 23.8 7.3 15.1

 Wholesale Diesel Fuel Price c 1.61 1.84 1.72 2.20 2.10 2.15 37.2 13.9 24.7

 Regular Gasoline Retail Price d 2.32 2.57 2.44 2.81 2.71 2.76 21.1 5.6 12.9

 Diesel Fuel Retail Price d 2.33 2.60 2.46 3.03 2.92 2.98 30.1 12.5 20.8

Gasoline Consumption/Supply (million barrels per day)

 Total Consumption 9.097 9.158 9.128 9.201 9.244 9.223 1.1 0.9 1.0

 Total Refinery and Blender Output e 7.587 7.724 7.656 7.604 7.778 7.691 0.2 0.7 0.5

 Fuel Ethanol Blending 0.718 0.752 0.735 0.858 0.844 0.851 19.4 12.2 15.7

 Total Stock Withdrawal f 0.035 -0.002 0.016 0.101 -0.101 0.000

 Net Imports f 0.758 0.684 0.721 0.639 0.723 0.681 -15.7 5.7 -5.5

 Refinery Utilization (percent) 84.2 84.4 84.3 89.0 87.8 88.4

Gasoline Stocks, Including Blending Components (million barrels)

 Beginning 217.1 213.9 217.1 224.0 214.8 224.0

 Ending 213.9 214.1 214.1 214.8 224.1 224.1

Economic Indicators (annualized billion 2000 dollars)

 Real GDP 12,810 12,861 12,835 13,217 13,269 13,243 3.2 3.2 3.2

 Real Income 10,193 10,080 10,136 10,231 10,283 10,257 0.4 2.0 1.2

a Spot Price of West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil.

b Cost of imported crude oil to U.S. refiners.

c Price product sold by refiners to resellers.

d Average pump price including taxes.

Sources: Historical data: latest data available from: EIA, Petroleum Supply Monthly, DOE/EIA-0109; Monthly Energy Review, DOE/EIA0035; U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis (GDP and income); Reuters News Service (WTI crude oil spotprice). 

Macroeconomic projections are based on IHS Global Insight Macroeconomic Forecast Model.

e Refinery and blender net production plus finished motor gasoline adjustment.

f Total stock withdrawal and net imports includes both finished gasoline and gasoline blend components.

GDP = gross domestic product.

Notes: Minor discrepancies with other Energy Information Administration (EIA) published historical data are due to rounding. Historical data 

are printed in bold. Forecasts are in italic. The forecasts were generated by simulation of the Short-Term Integrated Forecasting System.

Year-over-year Change

(percent)

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook -- September 2010

Table SF01. U.S. Motor Gasoline Summer Outlook

2009 2010
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Energy Supply

Crude Oil Production (a)

(million barrels per day) .............................. 5.21 5.31 5.46 5.46 5.47 5.46 5.25 5.54 5.55 5.50 5.38 5.35 5.36 5.43 5.44

Dry Natural Gas Production

(billion cubic feet per day) ........................... 58.11 57.63 56.84 57.08 58.36 58.99 58.54 58.10 58.00 57.64 57.07 56.81 57.41 58.50 57.38

Coal Production

(million short tons) ....................................... 281 263 269 260 265 264 267 274 269 265 281 275 1,073 1,070 1,090

Energy Consumption 

Liquid Fuels

(million barrels per day) .............................. 18.86 18.57 18.72 18.93 18.82 19.01 18.98 18.91 19.15 19.08 19.03 18.96 18.77 18.93 19.06

Natural Gas

(billion cubic feet per day) ........................... 79.68 52.51 53.87 64.24 83.40 54.52 57.05 65.45 82.07 55.39 56.90 65.45 62.51 65.04 64.88

Coal (b)

(million short tons) ....................................... 255 231 260 253 265 247 291 260 266 244 284 261 1,000 1,063 1,056

Electricity

(billion kilowatt hours per day) .................... 10.31 9.67 11.21 9.80 10.72 10.10 12.10 10.01 10.53 10.15 11.95 10.13 10.25 10.73 10.69

Renewables (c)

(quadrillion Btu) ........................................... 1.70 1.94 1.71 1.83 1.79 1.97 1.82 1.70 1.90 2.09 1.93 1.90 7.18 7.28 7.83

Total Energy Consumption (d)

(quadrillion Btu) ........................................... 25.18 22.32 23.21 24.01 25.75 23.24 24.55 24.35 26.01 23.47 24.53 24.59 94.72 97.89 98.60

Energy Prices

Crude Oil (e)

(dollars per barrel) ....................................... 40.45 56.90 66.43 73.14 75.88 75.34 74.02 75.00 77.35 79.68 81.00 82.00 59.36 75.04 80.04

Natural Gas Wellhead

(dollars per thousand cubic feet) ................. 4.36 3.44 3.17 3.89 4.79 4.07 4.04 4.09 4.55 4.43 4.40 4.67 3.72 4.25 4.51

Coal

(dollars per million Btu) ............................... 2.26 2.23 2.20 2.15 2.27 2.27 2.24 2.21 2.22 2.21 2.18 2.15 2.21 2.25 2.19

Macroeconomic

Real Gross Domestic Product

(billion chained 2005 dollars - SAAR) ......... 12,833 12,810 12,861 13,019 13,139 13,217 13,269 13,336 13,423 13,495 13,574 13,690 12,881 13,240 13,546

Percent change from prior year ................... -3.8 -4.1 -2.7 0.2 2.4 3.2 3.2 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.7 -2.6 2.8 2.3

GDP Implicit Price Deflator

(Index, 2005=100) ........................................ 109.5 109.6 109.8 109.7 110.0 110.5 110.7 110.9 111.5 111.6 111.9 112.5 109.6 110.5 111.9

Percent change from prior year ................... 1.9 1.2 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.4 0.9 0.8 1.2

Real Disposable Personal Income

(billion chained 2005 dollars - SAAR) ......... 10,047 10,193 10,080 10,080 10,122 10,231 10,283 10,305 10,297 10,369 10,419 10,466 10,100 10,235 10,388

Percent change from prior year ................... 0.8 0.0 1.1 0.4 0.7 0.4 2.0 2.2 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.6 0.6 1.3 1.5

Manufacturing Production Index

(Index, 2007=100) ........................................ 85.2 83.3 85.5 87.0 88.5 90.2 91.1 91.8 92.7 93.7 94.8 95.9 85.2 90.4 94.3

Percent change from prior year ................... -14.5 -14.7 -10.0 -3.7 3.9 8.3 6.5 5.6 4.8 3.9 4.1 4.4 -10.9 6.1 4.3

Weather

U.S. Heating Degree-Days .......................... 2,257 502 86 1,648 2,301 436 86 1,617 2,224 541 100 1,616 4,494 4,440 4,481

U.S. Cooling Degree-Days .......................... 31 367 759 70 10 434 898 79 37 345 774 77 1,228 1,420 1,233

EIA does not estimate or project end-use consumption of non-marketed renewable energy.

(d) The conversion from physical units to Btu is calculated using a subset of conversion factors used in the calculations of gross energy consumption in EIA’s Monthly Energy Review (MER). 

(c) Renewable energy includes minor components of non-marketed renewable energy that is neither bought nor sold, either directly or indirectly, as inputs to marketed energy.

- = no data available

Prices are not adjusted for inflation.

(a) Includes lease condensate.

(b) Total consumption includes Independent Power Producer (IPP) consumption.

Table 1. U.S. Energy Markets Summary 

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year

Consequently, the historical data may not precisely match those published in the MER or the Annual Energy Review (AER).

Electric Power Monthly, DOE/EIA-0226; Quarterly Coal Report, DOE/EIA-0121; and International Petroleum Monthly, DOE/EIA-0520.

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model. Macroeconomic projections are based on Global Insight Model of the U.S. Economy. 

(e) Refers to the refiner average acquisition cost (RAC) of crude oil.

Weather projections from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

Petroleum Supply Annual, DOE/EIA-0340/2; Weekly Petroleum Status Report, DOE/EIA-0208; Petroleum Marketing Monthly, DOE/EIA-0380; Natural Gas Monthly, DOE/EIA-0130; 

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the following reports: Petroleum Supply Monthly, DOE/EIA-0109;

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Crude Oil (dollars per barrel)

 West Texas Intermediate Spot Average ........................... 42.90 59.48 68.20 76.06 78.64 77.79 76.04 77.00 79.33 81.67 83.00 84.00 61.66 77.37 82.00

 Imported Average ............................................................. 40.48 57.50 66.38 73.04 75.28 74.33 73.02 73.99 76.36 78.67 80.00 81.00 59.04 74.13 79.06

 Refiner Average Acquisition Cost .................................... 40.45 56.90 66.43 73.14 75.88 75.34 74.02 75.00 77.35 79.68 81.00 82.00 59.36 75.04 80.04

Liquid Fuels (cents per gallon)

 Refiner Prices for Resale

 Gasoline ........................................................................ 133 176 194 200 211 218 208 204 217 233 234 224 176 210 227

 Diesel Fuel .................................................................... 137 161 184 200 209 220 210 214 222 233 236 238 171 213 233

 Heating Oil .................................................................... 145 151 175 197 205 212 202 211 219 222 224 232 166 207 224

 Refiner Prices to End Users

 Jet Fuel ......................................................................... 137 159 184 200 210 219 212 214 224 231 235 238 171 214 232

 No. 6 Residual Fuel Oil (a) ............................................ 105 124 150 162 170 168 167 174 181 184 187 192 133 170 186

 Propane to Petrochemical Sector ................................. 68 72 86 109 123 109 106 114 115 108 109 120 86 114 114

 Retail Prices Including Taxes

 Gasoline Regular Grade (b) .......................................... 189 232 257 260 271 281 271 266 277 294 298 288 235 272 290

 Gasoline All Grades (b) ................................................. 194 237 262 266 277 286 276 271 282 299 303 294 240 278 295

 On-highway Diesel Fuel ................................................ 220 233 260 274 285 303 292 292 299 309 314 318 246 293 310

 Heating Oil .................................................................... 246 235 246 272 290 289 276 293 305 297 296 316 252 290 306

 Propane ......................................................................... 235 213 185 195 234 239 212 226 241 234 211 232 213 229 233

Natural Gas

 Average Wellhead (dollars per thousand cubic feet) ...... 4.36 3.44 3.17 3.89 4.79 4.07 4.04 4.09 4.55 4.43 4.40 4.67 3.72 4.25 4.51

 Henry Hub Spot (dollars per thousand cubic feet) .......... 4.71 3.82 3.26 4.47 5.30 4.45 4.41 4.56 5.00 4.74 4.72 5.16 4.06 4.68 4.90

 Henry Hub Spot (dollars per Million Btu) ......................... 4.57 3.71 3.17 4.34 5.14 4.32 4.28 4.43 4.86 4.60 4.58 5.01 3.95 4.54 4.76

 End-Use Prices (dollars per thousand cubic feet) 

 Industrial Sector ............................................................ 6.53 4.63 4.25 5.42 6.58 5.02 5.48 5.63 6.46 5.75 5.71 6.35 5.28 5.70 6.08

 Commercial Sector ....................................................... 10.75 9.37 9.40 8.90 9.31 9.27 9.81 9.64 9.87 9.55 10.07 10.26 9.86 9.47 9.95

 Residential Sector ......................................................... 12.17 12.26 14.76 10.80 10.61 12.58 15.44 11.69 11.30 12.66 15.85 12.33 11.97 11.55 12.14

Electricity

 Power Generation Fuel Costs (dollars per million Btu)

 Coal ............................................................................... 2.26 2.23 2.20 2.15 2.27 2.27 2.24 2.21 2.22 2.21 2.18 2.15 2.21 2.25 2.19

 Natural Gas .................................................................. 5.45 4.43 4.07 5.18 6.06 4.89 5.16 5.14 5.69 5.41 5.41 5.69 4.69 5.27 5.53

 Residual Fuel Oil (c) ...................................................... 6.80 8.26 10.65 11.24 11.74 12.00 11.29 11.44 11.94 12.35 12.47 12.60 8.85 11.52 12.32

 Distillate Fuel Oil ........................................................... 11.10 12.30 14.59 15.55 15.70 16.45 16.17 16.52 17.06 17.38 17.72 18.06 13.10 16.17 17.52

 End-Use Prices (cents per kilowatthour)

 Industrial Sector ............................................................ 6.85 6.91 7.07 6.55 6.53 6.76 7.11 6.68 6.42 6.68 7.14 6.70 6.84 6.78 6.74

 Commercial Sector ....................................................... 10.09 10.20 10.58 9.92 9.83 10.22 10.84 10.26 9.91 10.35 10.89 10.29 10.21 10.31 10.39

 Residential Sector ......................................................... 11.15 11.74 11.96 11.29 10.86 11.88 12.15 11.59 11.17 12.10 12.45 11.84 11.55 11.63 11.91

- = no data available

Natural gas Henry Hub and WTI crude oil spot prices from Reuter's News Service (http://www.reuters.com).

Prices exclude taxes unless otherwise noted

Weekly Petroleum Status Report , DOE/EIA-0208; Natural Gas Monthly , DOE/EIA-0130; Electric Power Monthly , DOE/EIA-0226; and Monthly Energy Review , DOE/EIA-0035.

(b) Average self-service cash price.

(c) Includes fuel oils No. 4, No. 5, No. 6, and topped crude.

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the following reports: Petroleum Marketing Monthly , DOE/EIA-0380;

Prices are not adjusted for inflation.

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Table 2. U.S. Energy Prices

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year

(a) Average for all sulfur contents.
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Supply (million barrels per day) (a)

 OECD ................................................ 21.18 20.74 20.97 21.35 21.34 21.26 20.77 20.81 20.94 20.74 20.23 20.33 21.06 21.04 20.56

 U.S. (50 States) ............................. 8.77 9.09 9.32 9.38 9.46 9.55 9.25 9.49 9.44 9.49 9.38 9.30 9.14 9.43 9.40

 Canada .......................................... 3.39 3.11 3.32 3.36 3.29 3.30 3.35 3.35 3.44 3.36 3.36 3.42 3.29 3.32 3.39

 Mexico ............................................ 3.06 2.99 2.96 2.98 3.02 2.99 2.87 2.78 2.81 2.82 2.70 2.66 3.00 2.91 2.75

 North Sea (b) ................................. 4.40 4.02 3.81 4.07 4.08 3.89 3.72 3.66 3.74 3.58 3.30 3.50 4.07 3.84 3.53

 Other OECD ................................... 1.54 1.53 1.56 1.56 1.51 1.53 1.58 1.52 1.51 1.50 1.48 1.45 1.55 1.54 1.49

 Non-OECD ........................................ 62.36 62.93 63.76 64.06 64.55 64.87 65.18 65.09 65.99 66.50 66.80 66.51 63.28 64.93 66.45

 OPEC ............................................. 33.36 33.59 34.24 34.28 34.51 34.68 34.96 35.03 35.44 35.82 36.54 36.18 33.87 34.80 36.00

 Crude Oil Portion ........................ 28.88 28.86 29.32 29.32 29.40 29.37 29.40 29.33 29.49 29.69 30.38 29.99 29.10 29.37 29.89

 Other Liquids ............................... 4.49 4.74 4.92 4.96 5.11 5.32 5.57 5.70 5.95 6.13 6.15 6.20 4.78 5.43 6.11

 Former Soviet Union ...................... 12.60 12.88 12.99 13.12 13.11 13.15 13.19 13.03 13.15 13.18 13.01 13.01 12.90 13.12 13.09

 China .............................................. 3.93 3.99 4.02 4.03 4.16 4.20 4.08 4.08 4.12 4.18 4.14 4.18 3.99 4.13 4.16

 Other Non-OECD ........................... 12.46 12.46 12.52 12.64 12.78 12.84 12.95 12.95 13.28 13.33 13.11 13.13 12.52 12.88 13.21

 Total World Supply ............................ 83.54 83.67 84.73 85.41 85.90 86.13 85.95 85.90 86.93 87.24 87.03 86.84 84.34 85.97 87.01

 Non-OPEC Supply ............................ 50.17 50.08 50.49 51.13 51.39 51.44 50.99 50.88 51.49 51.43 50.49 50.66 50.47 51.17 51.01

Consumption (million barrels per day) (c)

 OECD ................................................ 46.39 44.47 44.97 45.86 45.82 44.83 45.03 45.82 46.10 44.58 45.02 45.70 45.42 45.37 45.35

 U.S. (50 States) ............................. 18.86 18.57 18.72 18.93 18.82 19.01 18.98 18.91 19.15 19.08 19.03 18.96 18.77 18.93 19.06

 U.S. Territories ............................... 0.26 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27

 Canada .......................................... 2.20 2.08 2.16 2.17 2.24 2.20 2.21 2.26 2.27 2.19 2.30 2.29 2.15 2.23 2.26

 Europe ............................................ 14.89 14.27 14.46 14.35 14.16 13.98 14.38 14.54 14.15 13.80 14.24 14.37 14.49 14.27 14.14

 Japan ............................................. 4.73 4.04 4.11 4.60 4.79 3.96 3.92 4.29 4.58 3.80 3.82 4.18 4.37 4.24 4.09

 Other OECD ................................... 5.45 5.25 5.25 5.54 5.55 5.42 5.27 5.56 5.68 5.45 5.36 5.63 5.37 5.45 5.53

 Non-OECD ........................................ 37.25 39.52 39.59 39.25 39.59 41.12 41.02 40.56 41.38 42.36 42.42 41.85 38.91 40.58 42.01

 Former Soviet Union ...................... 4.09 4.19 4.23 4.32 4.31 4.33 4.48 4.44 4.47 4.52 4.68 4.64 4.21 4.39 4.58

 Europe ............................................ 0.77 0.77 0.82 0.82 0.79 0.77 0.83 0.83 0.76 0.74 0.80 0.79 0.79 0.80 0.77

 China .............................................. 7.72 8.55 8.43 8.59 8.78 9.21 8.89 9.00 9.40 9.65 9.52 9.42 8.32 8.97 9.50

 Other Asia ...................................... 9.43 9.65 9.29 9.45 9.77 9.89 9.43 9.65 10.08 10.11 9.65 9.87 9.45 9.68 9.92

 Other Non-OECD ........................... 15.24 16.37 16.82 16.08 15.94 16.92 17.40 16.64 16.66 17.35 17.78 17.13 16.13 16.73 17.23

 Total World Consumption ................. 83.63 83.99 84.56 85.11 85.41 85.95 86.05 86.37 87.48 86.95 87.44 87.55 84.33 85.95 87.36

Inventory Net Withdrawals (million barrels per day)

 U.S. (50 States) ................................ -0.73 -0.46 -0.04 0.78 -0.03 -0.65 -0.38 0.60 0.28 -0.39 -0.05 0.41 -0.11 -0.12 0.06

 Other OECD ...................................... -0.06 0.23 -0.20 0.45 -0.15 -0.10 0.19 -0.05 0.11 0.04 0.18 0.12 0.11 -0.03 0.11

 Other Stock Draws and Balance ...... 0.89 0.55 0.07 -1.53 -0.30 0.58 0.30 -0.08 0.16 0.06 0.29 0.19 -0.01 0.13 0.18

 Total Stock Draw ............................ 0.10 0.32 -0.18 -0.29 -0.48 -0.17 0.10 0.47 0.54 -0.30 0.42 0.71 -0.01 -0.02 0.35

End-of-period Inventories (million barrels)

 U.S. Commercial Inventory .............. 1,090 1,120 1,123 1,050 1,053 1,112 1,147 1,092 1,068 1,103 1,108 1,071 1,050 1,092 1,071

 OECD Commercial Inventory ........... 2,743 2,750 2,770 2,655 2,669 2,742 2,761 2,710 2,676 2,708 2,697 2,648 2,655 2,710 2,648

Table 3a. International Crude Oil and Liquid Fuels Supply, Consumption, and Inventories

OECD = Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, 

(a) Supply includes production of crude oil (including lease condensates), natural gas plant liquids, biofuels, other liquids, and refinery processing gains.

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year

- = no data available

 France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, 

 Slovakia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Former Soviet Union = Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan.

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the International Petroleum Monthly ; and International Energy Agency, Monthly Oil Data 

Service, latest monthly release.

OPEC = Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries: Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Venezuela.

(b) Includes offshore supply from Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, and the United Kingdom.

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Consumption of petroleum by the non-OECD countries is "apparent consumption," which includes internal consumption, refinery fuel and loss, and bunkering.

(c) Consumption of petroleum by the OECD countries is synonymous with "petroleum product supplied," defined in the glossary of the EIA Petroleum Supply Monthly , DOE/EIA-0109. 
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

North America ................................... 15.23 15.19 15.60 15.72 15.76 15.83 15.47 15.63 15.68 15.66 15.45 15.38 15.44 15.67 15.54

Canada ................................................ 3.39 3.11 3.32 3.36 3.29 3.30 3.35 3.35 3.44 3.36 3.36 3.42 3.29 3.32 3.39

Mexico .................................................. 3.06 2.99 2.96 2.98 3.02 2.99 2.87 2.78 2.81 2.82 2.70 2.66 3.00 2.91 2.75

United States ....................................... 8.77 9.09 9.32 9.38 9.46 9.55 9.25 9.49 9.44 9.49 9.38 9.30 9.14 9.43 9.40

Central and South America ............ 4.45 4.48 4.50 4.62 4.72 4.79 4.82 4.86 4.98 5.03 4.96 4.98 4.51 4.80 4.99

Argentina ............................................. 0.82 0.81 0.77 0.79 0.80 0.79 0.79 0.77 0.78 0.78 0.77 0.76 0.80 0.79 0.77

Brazil .................................................... 2.52 2.55 2.58 2.63 2.68 2.75 2.76 2.80 2.90 2.94 2.87 2.88 2.57 2.74 2.90

Colombia .............................................. 0.65 0.67 0.68 0.74 0.77 0.79 0.82 0.83 0.84 0.85 0.86 0.88 0.69 0.80 0.86

Other Central and S. America ............. 0.46 0.45 0.46 0.46 0.47 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46

Europe ............................................... 5.26 4.89 4.67 4.93 4.92 4.75 4.57 4.49 4.57 4.40 4.10 4.29 4.94 4.68 4.34

Norway ................................................. 2.53 2.21 2.29 2.38 2.32 2.19 2.15 2.15 2.17 2.09 1.97 2.06 2.35 2.20 2.07

United Kingdom (offshore) .................. 1.55 1.51 1.22 1.41 1.46 1.41 1.29 1.23 1.29 1.21 1.06 1.17 1.42 1.35 1.18

Other North Sea .................................. 0.32 0.30 0.30 0.28 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.28 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.30 0.29 0.27

FSU and Eastern Europe ................. 12.60 12.88 12.99 13.12 13.11 13.15 13.19 13.03 13.15 13.18 13.01 13.01 12.90 13.12 13.09

Azerbaijan ............................................ 0.93 1.07 1.04 1.01 1.00 1.08 1.11 1.13 1.22 1.23 1.20 1.19 1.01 1.08 1.21

Kazakhstan .......................................... 1.49 1.51 1.55 1.62 1.61 1.57 1.60 1.58 1.63 1.64 1.63 1.64 1.54 1.59 1.63

Russia .................................................. 9.77 9.88 9.99 10.08 10.10 10.10 10.08 9.92 9.91 9.91 9.79 9.80 9.93 10.05 9.85

Turkmenistan ....................................... 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.21 0.20 0.21 0.21

Other FSU/Eastern Europe ................. 0.42 0.42 0.41 0.41 0.41 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.39 0.39 0.42 0.40 0.39

Middle East ........................................ 1.53 1.55 1.58 1.57 1.59 1.58 1.57 1.56 1.57 1.56 1.53 1.53 1.56 1.58 1.55

Oman ................................................... 0.79 0.80 0.84 0.84 0.86 0.86 0.87 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.85 0.85 0.82 0.86 0.86

Syria ..................................................... 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.38 0.38 0.40 0.40 0.39

Yemen ................................................. 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.29 0.26 0.25

Asia and Oceania ............................ 8.48 8.48 8.55 8.57 8.68 8.74 8.79 8.77 8.93 8.96 8.86 8.87 8.52 8.74 8.90

Australia ............................................... 0.59 0.58 0.60 0.59 0.56 0.57 0.63 0.59 0.58 0.57 0.57 0.54 0.59 0.59 0.57

China ................................................... 3.93 3.99 4.02 4.03 4.16 4.20 4.08 4.08 4.12 4.18 4.14 4.18 3.99 4.13 4.16

India ..................................................... 0.87 0.88 0.87 0.89 0.91 0.92 0.95 0.96 0.98 0.98 0.95 0.95 0.88 0.94 0.96

Indonesia ............................................. 1.04 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.04 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.03 1.03

Malaysia ............................................... 0.71 0.70 0.70 0.67 0.68 0.67 0.72 0.69 0.69 0.67 0.66 0.64 0.69 0.69 0.67

Vietnam ................................................ 0.32 0.34 0.35 0.34 0.35 0.35 0.42 0.45 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.53 0.34 0.39 0.52

Africa .................................................. 2.61 2.61 2.60 2.60 2.61 2.61 2.57 2.54 2.61 2.65 2.60 2.59 2.61 2.58 2.61

Egypt .................................................... 0.69 0.69 0.68 0.67 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.66 0.68 0.67 0.67 0.68 0.66 0.67

Equatorial Guinea ................................ 0.35 0.35 0.34 0.34 0.33 0.33 0.32 0.31 0.32 0.32 0.31 0.31 0.35 0.32 0.32

Gabon .................................................. 0.25 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.22 0.22 0.21 0.21 0.20 0.24 0.23 0.21

Sudan .................................................. 0.46 0.48 0.50 0.50 0.51 0.52 0.52 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.50 0.50 0.49 0.52 0.51

Total non-OPEC liquids .................... 50.17 50.08 50.49 51.13 51.39 51.44 50.99 50.88 51.49 51.43 50.49 50.66 50.47 51.17 51.01

OPEC non-crude liquids ................. 4.49 4.74 4.92 4.96 5.11 5.32 5.57 5.70 5.95 6.13 6.15 6.20 4.78 5.43 6.11

Non-OPEC + OPEC non-crude ....... 54.66 54.81 55.41 56.09 56.50 56.76 56.56 56.57 57.44 57.55 56.64 56.85 55.25 56.60 57.12

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the International Petroleum Monthly ; and International Energy Agency, Monthly Oil Data 

Service, latest monthly release.

Supply includes production of crude oil (including lease condensates), natural gas plant liquids, biofuels, other liquids, and refinery processing gains.

Not all countries are shown in each region and sum of reported country volumes may not equal regional volumes.

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Table 3b. Non-OPEC Crude Oil and Liquid Fuels Supply (million barrels per day)

OPEC = Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries: Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Venezuela.

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

FSU = Former Soviet Union

- = no data available

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Crude Oil

 Algeria ........................................... 1.30 1.30 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 - - - - - - 1.33 - - 

 Angola ........................................... 1.78 1.75 1.84 1.90 1.97 1.94 - - - - - - 1.82 - - 

 Ecudaor ......................................... 0.50 0.49 0.48 0.47 0.47 0.48 - - - - - - 0.49 - - 

 Iran ................................................ 3.77 3.80 3.80 3.80 3.80 3.80 - - - - - - 3.79 - - 

 Iraq ................................................ 2.28 2.38 2.45 2.37 2.42 2.37 - - - - - - 2.37 - - 

 Kuwait ............................................ 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 - - - - - - 2.30 - - 

 Libya .............................................. 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 1.65 - - - - - - 1.65 - - 

 Nigeria ........................................... 1.82 1.73 1.71 1.96 2.03 1.95 - - - - - - 1.80 - - 

 Qatar ............................................. 0.82 0.83 0.84 0.85 0.84 0.85 - - - - - - 0.83 - - 

 Saudi Arabia ................................. 8.07 8.13 8.40 8.27 8.20 8.30 - - - - - - 8.22 - - 

 United Arab Emirates .................... 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 2.30 - - - - - - 2.30 - - 

 Venezuela ..................................... 2.30 2.20 2.20 2.10 2.07 2.09 - - - - - - 2.20 - - 

 OPEC Total ................................ 28.88 28.86 29.32 29.32 29.40 29.37 29.40 29.33 29.49 29.69 30.38 29.99 29.10 29.37 29.89

Other Liquids .................................. 4.49 4.74 4.92 4.96 5.11 5.32 5.57 5.70 5.95 6.13 6.15 6.20 4.78 5.43 6.11

Total OPEC Supply ........................ 33.36 33.59 34.24 34.28 34.51 34.68 34.96 35.03 35.44 35.82 36.54 36.18 33.87 34.80 36.00

Crude Oil Production Capacity

 Algeria ........................................... 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 - - - - - - 1.35 - - 

 Angola ........................................... 1.93 1.95 2.03 2.07 2.00 1.98 - - - - - - 1.99 - - 

 Ecudaor ......................................... 0.50 0.49 0.48 0.47 0.47 0.48 - - - - - - 0.49 - - 

 Iran ................................................ 3.90 3.90 3.90 3.90 3.90 3.90 - - - - - - 3.90 - - 

 Iraq ................................................ 2.28 2.38 2.45 2.37 2.42 2.37 - - - - - - 2.37 - - 

 Kuwait ............................................ 2.60 2.60 2.60 2.60 2.60 2.60 - - - - - - 2.60 - - 

 Libya .............................................. 1.78 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 - - - - - - 1.80 - - 

 Nigeria ........................................... 1.82 1.73 1.71 1.96 2.03 1.95 - - - - - - 1.80 - - 

 Qatar ............................................. 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.07 1.10 1.10 - - - - - - 1.07 - - 

 Saudi Arabia ................................. 10.60 10.80 11.63 12.00 12.00 12.25 - - - - - - 11.26 - - 

 United Arab Emirates .................... 2.60 2.60 2.60 2.60 2.60 2.60 - - - - - - 2.60 - - 

 Venezuela ..................................... 2.30 2.20 2.20 2.10 2.07 2.09 - - - - - - 2.20 - - 

 OPEC Total ................................ 32.73 32.87 33.82 34.28 34.33 34.46 34.43 34.62 35.05 35.09 35.15 35.05 33.43 34.46 35.08

Surplus Crude Oil Production Capacity

 Algeria ........................................... 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - - - - - - 0.02 - - 

 Angola ........................................... 0.15 0.20 0.19 0.17 0.03 0.05 - - - - - - 0.18 - - 

 Ecudaor ......................................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - - - - - - 0.00 - - 

 Iran ................................................ 0.13 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 - - - - - - 0.11 - - 

 Iraq ................................................ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - - - - - - 0.00 - - 

 Kuwait ............................................ 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 - - - - - - 0.30 - - 

 Libya .............................................. 0.13 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 - - - - - - 0.15 - - 

 Nigeria ........................................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - - - - - - 0.00 - - 

 Qatar ............................................. 0.25 0.24 0.22 0.22 0.25 0.25 - - - - - - 0.23 - - 

 Saudi Arabia ................................. 2.53 2.67 3.23 3.73 3.80 3.95 - - - - - - 3.04 - - 

 United Arab Emirates .................... 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 - - - - - - 0.30 - - 

 Venezuela ..................................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - - - - - - 0.00 - - 

 OPEC Total ................................ 3.85 4.01 4.49 4.97 4.94 5.09 5.03 5.29 5.56 5.40 4.77 5.07 4.33 5.09 5.19

- = no data available

OPEC = Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries: Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Venezuela.

Table 3c. OPEC Crude Oil and Liquid Fuels Supply (million barrels per day)

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the International Petroleum Monthly ; and International Energy Agency, Monthly Oil Data 

Service, latest monthly release.
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 2009 2010 2011

North America ............................................................ 23.13 22.67 23.00 23.26 23.21 23.38 23.32 23.31 23.60 23.49 23.49 23.42 23.02 23.31 23.50

Canada ........................................................................ 2.20 2.08 2.16 2.17 2.24 2.20 2.21 2.26 2.27 2.19 2.30 2.29 2.15 2.23 2.26

Mexico ......................................................................... 2.06 2.02 2.11 2.15 2.14 2.17 2.12 2.13 2.17 2.21 2.15 2.16 2.08 2.14 2.17

United States ............................................................... 18.86 18.57 18.72 18.93 18.82 19.01 18.98 18.91 19.15 19.08 19.03 18.96 18.77 18.93 19.06

Central and South America ..................................... 5.96 6.28 6.16 6.25 6.15 6.40 6.39 6.38 6.26 6.52 6.51 6.50 6.17 6.33 6.45

Brazil ............................................................................ 2.38 2.50 2.56 2.53 2.51 2.62 2.67 2.65 2.64 2.75 2.81 2.78 2.49 2.61 2.74

Europe ....................................................................... 15.66 15.03 15.28 15.17 14.95 14.76 15.21 15.36 14.91 14.54 15.04 15.16 15.28 15.07 14.91

FSU and Eastern Europe ........................................... 4.09 4.19 4.23 4.32 4.31 4.33 4.48 4.44 4.47 4.52 4.68 4.64 4.21 4.39 4.58

Russia .......................................................................... 2.73 2.81 2.80 2.90 2.92 2.94 3.04 3.00 2.96 3.02 3.11 3.07 2.81 2.98 3.04

Middle East ................................................................ 6.24 7.08 7.76 6.79 6.67 7.43 8.01 7.17 7.21 7.70 8.18 7.48 6.97 7.32 7.64

Asia and Oceania ..................................................... 25.28 25.48 24.98 26.04 26.75 26.32 25.40 26.39 27.58 26.80 26.21 26.96 25.44 26.21 26.88

China ........................................................................... 7.72 8.55 8.43 8.59 8.78 9.21 8.89 9.00 9.40 9.65 9.52 9.42 8.32 8.97 9.50

Japan ........................................................................... 4.73 4.04 4.11 4.60 4.79 3.96 3.92 4.29 4.58 3.80 3.82 4.18 4.37 4.24 4.09

India ............................................................................. 3.18 3.19 2.98 3.11 3.32 3.29 3.02 3.26 3.47 3.34 3.07 3.30 3.11 3.22 3.29

Africa .......................................................................... 3.28 3.25 3.15 3.28 3.37 3.34 3.25 3.34 3.43 3.38 3.34 3.40 3.24 3.32 3.39

Total OECD Liquid Fuels Consumption .................. 46.39 44.47 44.97 45.86 45.82 44.83 45.03 45.82 46.10 44.58 45.02 45.70 45.42 45.37 45.35

Total non-OECD Liquid Fuels Consumption ........... 37.25 39.52 39.59 39.25 39.59 41.12 41.02 40.56 41.38 42.36 42.42 41.85 38.91 40.58 42.01

Total World Liquid Fuels Consumption ................... 83.63 83.99 84.56 85.11 85.41 85.95 86.05 86.37 87.48 86.95 87.44 87.55 84.33 85.95 87.36

World Real Gross Domestic Product (a) .................

Index, 2007 Q1 = 100 .................................................. 100.77 101.38 102.21 103.46 104.68 105.59 106.24 107.11 107.97 108.91 109.84 111.05 101.96 105.91 109.45

Percent change from prior year ................................... -3.0 -2.8 -1.6 1.3 3.9 4.2 3.9 3.5 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.7 -1.5 3.9 3.3

Real U.S. Dollar Exchange Rate (a)

Index, January 2007 = 100 .......................................... 104.11 100.90 97.91 95.55 95.71 96.38 96.64 96.82 96.57 96.37 95.87 95.94 99.59 96.39 96.18

Percent change from prior year ................................... 13.9 12.1 6.5 -5.6 -8.1 -4.5 -1.3 1.3 0.9 0.0 -0.8 -0.9 6.3 -3.2 -0.2

Table 3d. World Liquid Fuels Consumption (million barrels per day)

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

OECD = Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, 

 France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, 

 Slovakia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

- = no data available

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the International Petroleum Monthly ; and International Energy Agency, Monthly Oil Data Service.

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

FSU = Former Soviet Union

(a) Weighted geometric mean of real indices for various countries with weights equal to each country's share of world oil consumption in the base period. Exchange rate is measured in foreign currency per U.S. 

dollar.
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Supply (million barrels per day)

 Crude Oil Supply

 Domestic Production (a) ......................................... 5.21 5.31 5.46 5.46 5.47 5.46 5.25 5.54 5.55 5.50 5.38 5.35 5.36 5.43 5.44

 Alaska ................................................................. 0.70 0.63 0.59 0.66 0.64 0.58 0.58 0.64 0.62 0.60 0.57 0.55 0.65 0.61 0.59

 Federal Gulf of Mexico (b) ................................... 1.31 1.52 1.73 1.67 1.70 1.67 1.47 1.69 1.60 1.50 1.46 1.50 1.56 1.63 1.51

 Lower 48 States (excl GOM) ............................... 3.20 3.16 3.13 3.13 3.12 3.22 3.20 3.21 3.33 3.40 3.34 3.30 3.16 3.19 3.34

 Crude Oil Net Imports (c) ........................................ 9.39 9.05 9.02 8.43 8.77 9.80 9.60 8.53 8.51 9.37 9.42 8.86 8.97 9.17 9.04

 SPR Net Withdrawals ............................................ -0.12 -0.12 -0.01 -0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.07 0.00 0.00

 Commercial Inventory Net Withdrawals ................. -0.46 0.22 0.13 0.11 -0.34 -0.08 0.07 0.11 -0.14 0.07 0.17 0.07 0.00 -0.06 0.04

 Crude Oil Adjustment (d) ........................................ 0.11 0.11 0.06 0.02 0.08 0.05 -0.02 -0.03 0.05 0.09 0.03 -0.03 0.07 0.02 0.03

 Total Crude Oil Input to Refineries ............................ 14.13 14.57 14.65 13.99 13.98 15.24 14.98 14.15 13.97 15.02 15.00 14.25 14.34 14.59 14.56

 Other Supply

 Refinery Processing Gain ....................................... 0.93 1.00 1.01 0.98 1.02 1.06 1.01 0.99 0.96 1.00 1.02 1.01 0.98 1.02 1.00

 Natural Gas Liquids Production ............................. 1.81 1.92 1.93 1.98 1.96 1.99 1.95 1.91 1.89 1.94 1.93 1.89 1.91 1.95 1.91

 Renewables and Oxygenate Production (e) ........... 0.68 0.71 0.78 0.82 0.86 0.89 0.89 0.90 0.91 0.91 0.92 0.92 0.75 0.88 0.92

 Fuel Ethanol Production ...................................... 0.64 0.68 0.74 0.79 0.83 0.84 0.85 0.87 0.88 0.88 0.89 0.89 0.71 0.85 0.88

 Petroleum Products Adjustment (f) ........................ 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.13

 Product Net Imports (c) .......................................... 1.33 0.77 0.38 0.32 0.56 0.25 0.45 0.33 0.87 0.53 0.25 0.42 0.70 0.40 0.52

 Pentanes Plus ..................................................... -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 0.00 -0.02 0.00 -0.01 -0.01 -0.03 -0.01 -0.03 -0.01 -0.02

 Liquefied Petroleum Gas ..................................... 0.15 0.07 0.02 0.09 0.07 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.08 0.01 0.01

 Unfinished Oils .................................................... 0.69 0.73 0.71 0.57 0.53 0.57 0.71 0.68 0.64 0.68 0.71 0.67 0.68 0.62 0.67

 Other HC/Oxygenates .......................................... -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.03 -0.03 -0.05 -0.06 -0.05 -0.05 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.05 -0.04

 Motor Gasoline Blend Comp. .............................. 0.84 0.71 0.66 0.61 0.60 0.75 0.81 0.63 0.64 0.71 0.69 0.71 0.70 0.70 0.69

 Finished Motor Gasoline ..................................... 0.10 0.05 0.03 -0.06 -0.12 -0.11 -0.09 -0.08 0.04 0.03 0.01 -0.05 0.03 -0.10 0.00

 Jet Fuel ................................................................ 0.02 0.01 0.04 -0.03 0.02 0.00 0.01 -0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00

 Distillate Fuel Oil ................................................. -0.26 -0.43 -0.43 -0.33 -0.11 -0.48 -0.52 -0.47 -0.24 -0.45 -0.57 -0.44 -0.36 -0.40 -0.43

 Residual Fuel Oil ................................................. 0.05 -0.02 -0.25 -0.11 -0.02 -0.04 -0.02 0.00 0.05 -0.05 -0.09 -0.06 -0.08 -0.02 -0.04

 Other Oils (g) ....................................................... -0.20 -0.28 -0.34 -0.37 -0.35 -0.38 -0.37 -0.35 -0.25 -0.34 -0.42 -0.38 -0.30 -0.36 -0.35

 Product Inventory Net Withdrawals ........................ -0.15 -0.55 -0.16 0.69 0.30 -0.57 -0.45 0.49 0.42 -0.46 -0.23 0.34 -0.04 -0.06 0.02

 Total Supply ............................................................... 18.86 18.57 18.72 18.93 18.83 19.01 18.98 18.91 19.15 19.08 19.03 18.96 18.77 18.93 19.06

Consumption (million barrels per day)

 Natural Gas Liquids and Other Liquids

 Pentanes Plus ........................................................ 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.10 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.07

 Liquefied Petroleum Gas ........................................ 2.09 1.80 1.90 2.41 2.38 1.79 1.87 2.05 2.27 1.80 1.84 2.06 2.05 2.02 1.99

 Unfinished Oils ....................................................... 0.04 -0.11 -0.02 -0.05 0.05 0.03 -0.08 0.00 0.01 -0.02 -0.07 0.00 -0.04 0.00 -0.02

 Finished Liquid Fuels

 Motor Gasoline ....................................................... 8.79 9.10 9.16 8.94 8.65 9.20 9.24 9.00 8.81 9.25 9.30 9.04 9.00 9.03 9.10

 Jet Fuel ................................................................... 1.36 1.39 1.46 1.36 1.39 1.44 1.43 1.36 1.39 1.44 1.45 1.38 1.39 1.40 1.41

 Distillate Fuel Oil .................................................... 3.90 3.47 3.46 3.70 3.79 3.70 3.60 3.74 3.90 3.69 3.59 3.75 3.63 3.70 3.73

 Residual Fuel Oil .................................................... 0.60 0.56 0.38 0.51 0.56 0.53 0.51 0.56 0.62 0.54 0.51 0.54 0.51 0.54 0.55

 Other Oils (f) ........................................................... 2.05 2.30 2.30 1.95 1.92 2.24 2.34 2.12 2.09 2.32 2.35 2.12 2.15 2.15 2.22

 Total Consumption .................................................... 18.86 18.57 18.72 18.93 18.82 19.01 18.98 18.91 19.15 19.08 19.03 18.96 18.77 18.93 19.06

Total Liquid Fuels Net Imports ................................ 10.71 9.83 9.40 8.75 9.33 10.05 10.05 8.86 9.38 9.90 9.67 9.28 9.67 9.57 9.56

End-of-period Inventories (million barrels)

 Commercial Inventory

 Crude Oil (excluding SPR) ..................................... 366.9 347.1 335.0 325.2 355.4 362.7 356.2 346.1 359.0 352.8 336.7 330.6 325.2 346.1 330.6

 Pentanes Plus ........................................................ 15.5 17.2 15.0 10.5 9.4 11.5 12.8 10.9 11.2 12.9 13.7 11.4 10.5 10.9 11.4

 Liquefied Petroleum Gas ........................................ 91.2 132.6 156.3 102.1 73.2 121.8 149.6 114.8 78.4 118.2 146.9 112.0 102.1 114.8 112.0

 Unfinished Oils ....................................................... 94.0 92.0 85.0 79.9 86.3 83.4 80.6 77.6 89.9 87.2 87.4 80.9 79.9 77.6 80.9

 Other HC/Oxygenates ............................................. 18.2 15.4 16.4 18.8 22.0 20.6 20.7 20.9 21.6 21.8 21.9 21.9 18.8 20.9 21.9

 Total Motor Gasoline .............................................. 217.1 213.9 214.1 223.3 224.0 214.8 224.1 223.7 220.3 216.6 208.9 218.6 223.3 223.7 218.6

 Finished Motor Gasoline ..................................... 85.9 88.6 84.7 84.9 81.9 71.8 76.6 76.7 70.9 74.6 70.7 74.1 84.9 76.7 74.1

 Motor Gasoline Blend Comp. .............................. 131.2 125.2 129.4 138.4 142.1 143.0 147.5 147.0 149.4 142.0 138.3 144.5 138.4 147.0 144.5

 Jet Fuel ................................................................... 43.1 44.8 46.3 43.4 41.9 44.9 46.6 43.7 42.6 43.4 43.8 42.5 43.4 43.7 42.5

 Distillate Fuel Oil .................................................... 145.3 162.7 172.7 166.0 146.0 157.9 172.6 167.5 148.2 156.8 164.6 165.3 166.0 167.5 165.3

 Residual Fuel Oil .................................................... 38.4 36.9 35.2 37.2 40.6 42.3 39.5 40.0 39.5 39.4 38.1 39.3 37.2 40.0 39.3

 Other Oils (f) ........................................................... 60.3 57.9 47.3 43.5 54.0 52.2 44.7 47.2 56.9 54.3 46.1 48.2 43.5 47.2 48.2

 Total Commercial Inventory ....................................... 1,090 1,120 1,123 1,050 1,053 1,112 1,147 1,092 1,068 1,103 1,108 1,071 1,050 1,092 1,071

 Crude Oil in SPR ....................................................... 713 724 725 727 727 727 727 727 727 727 727 727 727 727 727

 Heating Oil Reserve .................................................. 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

(a) Includes lease condensate.

HC: Hydrocarbons

SPR: Strategic Petroleum Reserve

(g) "Other Oils" inludes aviation gasoline blend components, finished aviation gasoline, kerosene, petrochemical feedstocks, special naphthas, lubricants, waxes, petroleum coke, asphalt and road oil, still 

gas, and miscellaneous products.

(f) Petroleum products adjustment includes hydrogen/oxygenates/renewables/other hydrocarbons, motor gasoline blend components, and finished motor gasoline.

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

(e) Renewables and oxygenate production includes pentanes plus, oxygenates (excluding fuel ethanol), and renewable fuels.

Petroleum Supply Annual , DOE/EIA-0340/2; and Weekly Petroleum Status Report , DOE/EIA-0208. 

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the following reports: Petroleum Supply Monthly , DOE/EIA-0109; 

- = no data available

(d) Crude oil adjustment balances supply and consumption and was previously referred to as "Unaccounted for Crude Oil."

(c) Net imports equals gross imports minus gross exports.

(b) Crude oil production from U.S. Federal leases in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM).

Table 4a. U.S. Crude Oil and Liquid Fuels Supply, Consumption, and Inventories

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Refinery and Blender Net Inputs

 Crude OIl ............................................................ 14.13 14.57 14.65 13.99 13.98 15.24 14.98 14.15 13.97 15.02 15.00 14.25 14.34 14.59 14.56

 Pentanes Plus ..................................................... 0.15 0.15 0.17 0.17 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.18 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.18 0.16 0.16 0.16

 Liquefied Petroleum Gas .................................... 0.34 0.27 0.27 0.40 0.30 0.22 0.25 0.38 0.32 0.25 0.27 0.38 0.32 0.29 0.31

 Other Hydrocarbons/Oxygenates ....................... 0.74 0.80 0.82 0.86 0.87 0.95 0.94 0.93 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.96 0.81 0.93 0.96

 Unfinished Oils .................................................... 0.53 0.87 0.81 0.68 0.42 0.58 0.82 0.71 0.50 0.72 0.78 0.74 0.72 0.63 0.69

 Motor Gasoline Blend Components .................... 0.64 0.62 0.48 0.48 0.47 0.70 0.56 0.52 0.54 0.67 0.51 0.54 0.55 0.56 0.56

 Aviation Gasoline Blend Components ................ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Total Refinery and Blender Net Inputs ................... 16.55 17.28 17.20 16.59 16.17 17.86 17.72 16.88 16.42 17.79 17.70 17.05 16.90 17.16 17.25

Refinery Processing Gain ................................. 0.93 1.00 1.01 0.98 1.02 1.06 1.01 0.99 0.96 1.00 1.02 1.01 0.98 1.02 1.00

Refinery and Blender Net Production

 Liquefied Petroleum Gas .................................... 0.49 0.81 0.76 0.43 0.57 0.85 0.76 0.41 0.52 0.83 0.77 0.41 0.62 0.65 0.63

 Finished Motor Gasoline ..................................... 8.50 8.86 8.88 8.89 8.58 9.09 9.13 8.90 8.58 9.08 8.98 8.96 8.79 8.93 8.90

 Jet Fuel ............................................................... 1.39 1.40 1.43 1.36 1.35 1.47 1.44 1.35 1.37 1.43 1.45 1.37 1.40 1.41 1.41

 Distillate Fuel ...................................................... 4.15 4.09 4.00 3.96 3.69 4.31 4.28 4.15 3.93 4.23 4.24 4.20 4.05 4.11 4.15

 Residual Fuel ...................................................... 0.58 0.56 0.61 0.64 0.61 0.59 0.50 0.57 0.56 0.58 0.59 0.61 0.60 0.56 0.59

 Other Oils (a) ...................................................... 2.37 2.55 2.53 2.28 2.39 2.60 2.62 2.49 2.44 2.63 2.69 2.52 2.43 2.53 2.57

Total Refinery and Blender Net Production ........... 17.48 18.28 18.20 17.57 17.19 18.91 18.73 17.87 17.39 18.80 18.72 18.06 17.88 18.18 18.24

Refinery Distillation Inputs ............................... 14.45 14.88 14.92 14.38 14.32 15.65 15.45 14.52 14.31 15.35 15.33 14.60 14.66 14.99 14.90

Refinery Operable Distillation Capacity .......... 17.67 17.67 17.68 17.69 17.58 17.59 17.59 17.59 17.59 17.59 17.59 17.59 17.68 17.59 17.59

Refinery Distillation Utilization Factor .............. 0.82 0.84 0.84 0.81 0.81 0.89 0.88 0.83 0.81 0.87 0.87 0.83 0.83 0.85 0.85

- = no data available

Table 4b. U.S. Petroleum Refinery Balance (Million Barrels per Day, Except Utilization Factor)

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

(a) "Other Oils" includes aviation gasoline blend components, finished aviation gasoline, kerosene, petrochemical feedstocks, special naphthas, lubricants, waxes, petroleum coke, asphalt and road oil, still 

gas, and miscellaneous products.

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Petroleum Supply Annual, DOE/EIA-0340/2; Weekly Petroleum Status Report, DOE/EIA-0208.

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the following reports: Petroleum Supply Monthly, DOE/EIA-0109; 
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Prices (cents per gallon)

 Refiner Wholesale Price ....................... 133 176 194 200 211 218 208 204 217 233 234 224 176 210 227

 Gasoline Regular Grade Retail Prices Excluding Taxes

 PADD 1 (East Coast) .......................... 140 183 204 211 223 229 216 214 227 242 246 238 185 220 239

 PADD 2 (Midwest) ............................... 142 186 201 208 218 228 218 214 226 242 244 234 185 220 237

 PADD 3 (Gulf Coast) ........................... 136 180 200 205 216 226 213 213 225 240 244 234 181 217 236

 PADD 4 (Rocky Mountain) ................... 128 182 210 207 218 236 228 216 221 242 253 240 183 225 239

 PADD 5 (West Coast) ......................... 157 197 233 231 239 247 246 230 241 260 260 251 205 240 253

 U.S. Average ................................... 142 185 206 211 223 231 221 217 229 245 248 238 187 223 240

 Gasoline Regular Grade Retail Prices Including Taxes

 PADD 1 .............................................. 187 229 254 259 271 278 265 264 276 291 298 288 233 269 289

 PADD 2 .............................................. 187 230 248 254 265 276 266 261 272 289 292 282 230 267 284

 PADD 3 .............................................. 178 220 241 246 259 269 256 255 267 283 286 277 222 260 278

 PADD 4 .............................................. 173 226 257 254 264 284 276 264 268 290 302 289 228 272 288

 PADD 5 .............................................. 210 251 292 288 294 304 304 288 298 318 319 310 261 298 311

 U.S. Average ................................... 189 232 257 260 271 281 271 266 277 294 298 288 235 272 290

 Gasoline All Grades Including Taxes 194 237 262 266 277 286 276 271 282 299 303 294 240 278 295

End-of-period Inventories (million barrels)

 Total Gasoline Inventories

 PADD 1 .............................................. 58.1 57.2 59.5 61.7 56.6 59.9 63.4 61.1 57.0 56.6 53.0 56.4 61.7 61.1 56.4

 PADD 2 .............................................. 51.1 51.0 51.5 52.5 55.2 48.9 50.8 51.9 53.3 52.8 52.4 53.0 52.5 51.9 53.0

 PADD 3 .............................................. 72.6 70.4 68.7 71.7 74.2 72.5 74.1 73.2 72.8 70.7 68.5 71.7 71.7 73.2 71.7

 PADD 4 .............................................. 6.2 5.9 6.1 5.8 5.9 6.4 6.4 7.0 6.7 6.4 6.4 6.9 5.8 7.0 6.9

 PADD 5 .............................................. 29.1 29.3 28.3 31.6 32.1 27.2 29.3 30.5 30.6 30.1 28.7 30.6 31.6 30.5 30.6

 U.S. Total ........................................ 217.1 213.9 214.1 223.3 224.0 214.8 224.1 223.7 220.3 216.6 208.9 218.6 223.3 223.7 218.6

 Finished Gasoline Inventories

 PADD 1 .............................................. 17.4 18.6 19.0 18.3 15.4 13.3 14.3 13.1 9.1 11.8 10.6 13.2 18.3 13.1 13.2

 PADD 2 .............................................. 28.5 28.1 26.5 27.5 27.9 24.3 25.5 27.2 27.4 27.6 27.1 27.3 27.5 27.2 27.3

 PADD 3 .............................................. 31.0 32.0 30.0 31.1 29.4 25.2 26.5 27.6 24.8 25.5 24.0 25.4 31.1 27.6 25.4

 PADD 4 .............................................. 3.9 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.0 4.5 4.4

 PADD 5 .............................................. 5.1 5.8 5.1 4.1 5.1 4.9 6.0 4.3 5.2 5.4 4.7 3.7 4.1 4.3 3.7

 U.S. Total ........................................ 85.9 88.6 84.7 84.9 81.9 71.8 76.6 76.7 70.9 74.6 70.7 74.1 84.9 76.7 74.1

 Gasoline Blending Components Inventories

 PADD 1 .............................................. 40.6 38.5 40.6 43.4 41.3 46.6 49.1 48.0 47.9 44.8 42.4 43.2 43.4 48.0 43.2

 PADD 2 .............................................. 22.6 22.9 24.9 25.0 27.3 24.6 25.4 24.7 25.9 25.2 25.3 25.8 25.0 24.7 25.8

 PADD 3 .............................................. 41.6 38.4 38.7 40.6 44.8 47.3 47.6 45.6 48.0 45.2 44.5 46.2 40.6 45.6 46.2

 PADD 4 .............................................. 2.4 1.9 2.1 1.8 1.8 2.2 2.1 2.5 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.5 1.8 2.5 2.5

 PADD 5 .............................................. 24.0 23.5 23.2 27.6 27.0 22.2 23.3 26.2 25.4 24.7 24.0 26.8 27.6 26.2 26.8

 U.S. Total ........................................ 131.2 125.2 129.4 138.4 142.1 143.0 147.5 147.0 149.4 142.0 138.3 144.5 138.4 147.0 144.5

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Regions refer to Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts (PADD).

See “Petroleum for Administration Defense District” in EIA’s Energy Glossary (http://www.eia.doe.gov/glossary/index.html) for a list of States in each region.

Historical data : Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the following reports: Petroleum Marketing Monthly , DOE/EIA-0380; 

Petroleum Supply Monthly , DOE/EIA-0109; Petroleum Supply Annual , DOE/EIA-0340/2; and Weekly Petroleum Status Report , DOE/EIA-0208.

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

2011 Year

Table 4c. U.S. Regional Motor Gasoline Prices and Inventories

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010

- = no data available

Prices are not adjusted for inflation.
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Prices (cents per gallon)

 Refiner Wholesale Prices

 Heating Oil ......................... 145 151 175 197 205 212 202 211 219 222 224 232 166 207 224

 Diesel Fuel ......................... 137 161 184 200 209 220 210 214 222 233 236 238 171 213 233

 Heating Oil Residential Prices Excluding Taxes

 Northeast ........................... 238 226 236 260 277 276 264 280 290 284 283 301 242 277 292

 South ................................. 228 211 225 260 275 262 253 278 291 274 272 300 236 272 290

 Midwest ............................. 190 194 220 240 250 258 253 263 268 269 274 285 210 255 274

 West .................................. 217 233 258 277 285 300 276 289 294 299 303 315 247 288 303

 U.S. Average .................. 233 222 232 258 275 274 263 279 290 283 283 301 239 275 291

 Heating Oil Residential Prices Including State Taxes

 Northeast ........................... 250 237 247 273 292 290 277 294 306 298 298 317 254 291 307

 South ................................. 238 220 235 272 289 276 264 291 307 288 285 314 247 286 304

 Midwest ............................. 201 205 233 253 264 272 267 278 283 284 289 301 222 270 289

 West .................................. 225 241 266 287 294 312 284 300 303 310 313 327 255 298 313

 U.S. Average .................. 246 235 246 272 290 289 276 293 305 297 296 316 252 290 306

Total Distillate End-of-period Inventories (million barrels)

 PADD 1 (East Coast) ............ 54.6 68.9 74.8 68.3 56.6 62.7 74.9 71.5 55.8 63.1 71.3 68.8 68.3 71.5 68.8

 PADD 2 (Midwest) ................ 34.1 32.9 34.0 32.3 30.1 30.6 32.0 30.7 30.5 29.9 30.5 31.3 32.3 30.7 31.3

 PADD 3 (Gulf Coast) ............. 40.2 44.9 48.5 48.9 45.5 48.6 50.3 48.9 46.6 48.6 47.9 48.7 48.9 48.9 48.7

 PADD 4 (Rocky Mountain) .... 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.2

 PADD 5 (West Coast) ........... 12.9 12.8 12.1 13.4 10.8 13.0 12.2 13.2 12.1 12.2 12.0 13.3 13.4 13.2 13.3

 U.S. Total ........................... 145.3 162.7 172.7 166.0 146.0 157.9 172.6 167.5 148.2 156.8 164.6 165.3 166.0 167.5 165.3

Table 4d. U.S. Regional Heating Oil Prices and Distillate Inventories

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year

- = no data available

Petroleum Supply Monthly , DOE/EIA-0109; Petroleum Supply Annual , DOE/EIA-0340/2; and Weekly Petroleum Status Report , DOE/EIA-0208.

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Regions refer to Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts (PADD) for inventories and to U.S. Census regions for prices. 

Prices are not adjusted for inflation.

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

See “Petroleum for Administration Defense District” and "Census region" in EIA’s Energy Glossary (http://www.eia.doe.gov/glossary/index.html) for a list of States in each region.

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the following reports: Petroleum Marketing Monthly , DOE/EIA-0380;
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Prices (cents per gallon)

 Propane Wholesale Price (a) ..... 68 72 86 109 123 109 106 114 115 108 109 120 86 114 114

 Propane Residential Prices excluding Taxes

 Northeast .................................. 255 248 240 242 264 266 256 256 264 263 259 265 249 261 263

 South ....................................... 237 212 191 205 245 245 220 237 248 232 218 243 218 239 240

 Midwest .................................... 204 176 143 151 180 179 168 181 193 184 166 184 175 178 185

 West ........................................ 218 197 170 195 241 235 207 230 249 230 209 239 200 231 237

 U.S. Average ......................... 223 203 175 185 222 227 201 215 228 222 200 220 202 217 221

 Propane Residential Prices including State Taxes

 Northeast .................................. 267 260 251 253 277 278 269 267 277 275 271 277 260 273 276

 South ....................................... 249 223 201 216 258 258 231 249 261 245 230 255 229 252 253

 Midwest .................................... 215 186 151 159 190 189 178 191 205 194 175 194 184 189 196

 West ........................................ 229 208 179 205 254 249 218 243 263 244 220 253 211 244 251

 U.S. Average ......................... 235 213 185 195 234 239 212 226 241 234 211 232 213 229 233

Propane End-of-period Inventories (million barrels)

 PADD 1 (East Coast) ................... 3.2 3.6 4.5 4.7 2.6 4.0 4.5 4.3 2.5 4.0 4.6 4.3 4.7 4.3 4.3

 PADD 2 (Midwest) ....................... 13.4 24.3 31.6 19.4 10.1 20.0 29.4 23.2 12.4 20.9 27.4 22.0 19.4 23.2 22.0

 PADD 3 (Gulf Coast) .................... 22.6 34.6 36.3 24.4 14.7 25.3 32.2 27.6 14.6 25.3 33.9 27.4 24.4 27.6 27.4

 PADD 4 (Rocky Mountain) ........... 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

 PADD 5 (West Coast) .................. 0.5 1.2 2.3 1.3 0.4 1.0 2.1 1.5 0.3 1.1 2.2 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.6

 U.S. Total ................................. 40.0 64.2 75.1 50.1 28.1 50.5 68.5 57.0 30.1 51.6 68.6 55.6 50.1 57.0 55.6

(a) Propane price to petrochemical sector.

Table 4e. U.S. Regional Propane Prices and Inventories

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year

- = no data available

Prices are not adjusted for inflation.

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Regions refer to Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts (PADD) for inventories and to U.S. Census regions for prices. 

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

See “Petroleum for Administration Defense District” and "Census region" in EIA’s Energy Glossary (http://www.eia.doe.gov/glossary/index.html) for a list of States in each region.

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Petroleum Supply Monthly , DOE/EIA-0109; Petroleum Supply Annual , DOE/EIA-0340/2; and Weekly Petroleum Status Report , DOE/EIA-0208.

Historical data : Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the following reports: Petroleum Marketing Monthly , DOE/EIA-0380;
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Supply (billion cubic feet per day)

 Total Marketed Production ............ 60.55 60.20 59.42 59.77 61.03 61.73 61.28 60.82 60.71 60.34 59.74 59.47 59.98 61.21 60.06

 Alaska ...................................... 1.22 1.06 0.93 1.14 1.16 0.98 0.89 1.08 1.16 1.00 0.98 1.11 1.09 1.03 1.06

 Federal GOM (a) ....................... 6.46 6.80 6.92 6.48 6.67 6.22 5.67 5.87 5.70 5.52 5.07 4.97 6.67 6.10 5.31

 Lower 48 States (excl GOM) ..... 52.87 52.34 51.57 52.15 53.20 54.54 54.71 53.87 53.86 53.82 53.69 53.39 52.23 54.09 53.69

 Total Dry Gas Production ............. 58.11 57.63 56.84 57.08 58.36 58.99 58.54 58.10 58.00 57.64 57.07 56.81 57.41 58.50 57.38

 Gross Imports .............................. 11.15 9.56 10.44 9.98 11.41 9.77 10.25 10.19 11.11 9.72 10.54 10.40 10.28 10.40 10.44

 Pipeline .................................... 10.19 7.85 9.23 8.90 9.86 8.55 9.24 8.97 9.84 8.35 9.18 9.11 9.04 9.15 9.12

 LNG .......................................... 0.96 1.71 1.21 1.08 1.55 1.21 1.01 1.22 1.27 1.37 1.36 1.29 1.24 1.25 1.32

 Gross Exports .............................. 3.55 2.45 2.60 3.16 3.10 2.62 2.64 3.15 3.46 2.43 2.41 3.13 2.94 2.87 2.85

 Net Imports .................................. 7.60 7.10 7.85 6.82 8.31 7.15 7.61 7.04 7.65 7.30 8.13 7.28 7.34 7.53 7.59

 Supplemental Gaseous Fuels ...... 0.19 0.14 0.17 0.19 0.19 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.18 0.15 0.17 0.18 0.17 0.18 0.17

 Net Inventory Withdrawals ........... 13.00 -12.19 -9.88 5.59 16.25 -11.94 -7.80 3.94 15.81 -10.73 -8.65 4.00 -0.91 0.06 0.05

Total Supply .................................... 78.90 52.68 54.97 69.69 83.11 54.36 58.52 69.26 81.64 54.36 56.71 68.27 64.01 66.26 65.19

Balancing Item (b) .......................... 0.78 -0.17 -1.10 -5.45 0.28 0.16 -1.47 -3.81 0.43 1.03 0.18 -2.83 -1.50 -1.22 -0.30

Total Primary Supply ....................... 79.68 52.51 53.87 64.24 83.40 54.52 57.05 65.45 82.07 55.39 56.90 65.45 62.51 65.04 64.88

Consumption (billion cubic feet per day)

 Residential ................................... 25.43 8.09 3.80 15.05 26.59 7.30 3.80 14.92 25.95 8.27 3.84 14.98 13.04 13.10 13.20

 Commercial ................................. 14.35 6.03 4.23 9.53 14.72 5.72 4.23 9.33 14.55 6.13 4.21 9.25 8.51 8.47 8.51

 Industrial ...................................... 18.13 15.51 15.72 17.87 19.78 17.17 16.54 18.06 19.78 17.18 16.88 18.56 16.80 17.88 18.09

 Electric Power (c) ......................... 15.97 17.87 25.10 16.47 16.37 19.17 27.34 17.76 15.95 18.75 26.96 17.38 18.87 20.18 19.78

 Lease and Plant Fuel ................... 3.49 3.47 3.42 3.44 3.52 3.56 3.53 3.50 3.50 3.48 3.44 3.43 3.46 3.53 3.46

 Pipeline and Distribution Use ....... 2.22 1.46 1.50 1.79 2.33 1.52 1.52 1.79 2.25 1.50 1.47 1.75 1.74 1.79 1.74

 Vehicle Use ................................. 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09

Total Consumption .......................... 79.68 52.51 53.87 64.24 83.40 54.52 57.05 65.45 82.07 55.39 56.90 65.45 62.51 65.04 64.88

End-of-period Inventories (billion cubic feet)

 Working Gas Inventory ................ 1,656 2,752 3,643 3,131 1,662 2,741 3,459 3,097 1,674 2,650 3,446 3,078 3,131 3,097 3,078

 Producing Region (d) ................ 734 1,003 1,164 1,012 627 962 1,036 992 687 924 1,035 991 1,012 992 991

 East Consuming Region (d) ...... 644 1,322 1,988 1,686 744 1,330 1,917 1,663 709 1,309 1,918 1,648 1,686 1,663 1,648

 West Consuming Region (d) ..... 279 427 490 433 291 450 505 442 277 417 493 439 433 442 439

- = no data available

(d) For a list of States in each inventory region refer to Methodology for EIA Weekly Underground Natural Gas Storage Estimates (http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/oog/info/ngs/methodology.html).

(c) Natural gas used for electricity generation and (a limited amount of) useful thermal output by electric utilities and independent power producers.

(b) The balancing item represents the difference between the sum of the components of natural gas supply and the sum of components of natural gas demand.

(a) Marketed production from U.S. Federal leases in the Gulf of Mexico.

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the following reports: Natural Gas Monthly , DOE/EIA-0130; and Electric Power Monthly , 

DOE/EIA-0226.

LNG: liquefied natural gas.

Table 5a. U.S. Natural Gas Supply, Consumption, and Inventories

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Residential Sector

 New England .............. 0.98 0.33 0.13 0.43 0.98 0.30 0.14 0.46 1.01 0.37 0.15 0.45 0.47 0.47 0.49

 Middle Atlantic ............ 4.79 1.43 0.64 2.60 4.60 1.21 0.64 2.68 4.69 1.53 0.65 2.70 2.35 2.27 2.38

 E. N. Central ............... 7.50 2.25 0.92 4.23 7.34 1.79 0.87 4.35 7.43 2.22 0.89 4.34 3.71 3.57 3.70

 W. N. Central ............. 2.52 0.71 0.28 1.36 2.60 0.57 0.28 1.37 2.54 0.70 0.29 1.37 1.21 1.20 1.22

 S. Atlantic ................... 2.44 0.56 0.32 1.56 2.81 0.49 0.32 1.53 2.46 0.58 0.32 1.52 1.22 1.28 1.21

 E. S. Central ............... 1.03 0.24 0.12 0.56 1.29 0.21 0.12 0.54 1.08 0.24 0.12 0.54 0.49 0.53 0.49

 W. S. Central .............. 1.71 0.53 0.28 1.04 2.47 0.53 0.30 0.91 1.94 0.53 0.30 0.94 0.89 1.04 0.92

 Mountain ..................... 1.68 0.67 0.30 1.30 1.88 0.73 0.31 1.18 1.91 0.69 0.31 1.21 0.98 1.02 1.02

 Pacific ......................... 2.80 1.36 0.81 1.96 2.63 1.48 0.83 1.91 2.88 1.41 0.83 1.92 1.73 1.71 1.76

 Total ........................ 25.43 8.09 3.80 15.05 26.59 7.30 3.80 14.92 25.95 8.27 3.84 14.98 13.04 13.10 13.20

Commercial Sector

 New England .............. 0.61 0.24 0.14 0.31 0.60 0.22 0.14 0.32 0.60 0.25 0.14 0.31 0.32 0.32 0.32

 Middle Atlantic ............ 2.85 1.16 0.88 1.76 2.78 1.12 0.93 1.79 2.91 1.22 0.91 1.77 1.66 1.65 1.70

 E. N. Central ............... 3.67 1.24 0.76 2.31 3.62 1.06 0.72 2.31 3.73 1.24 0.73 2.30 1.99 1.92 1.99

 W. N. Central ............. 1.53 0.52 0.30 0.96 1.56 0.45 0.29 0.89 1.53 0.50 0.29 0.89 0.82 0.80 0.80

 S. Atlantic ................... 1.62 0.70 0.56 1.17 1.76 0.67 0.56 1.16 1.62 0.72 0.55 1.14 1.01 1.03 1.01

 E. S. Central ............... 0.63 0.24 0.18 0.40 0.76 0.23 0.18 0.39 0.65 0.24 0.17 0.38 0.36 0.39 0.36

 W. S. Central .............. 1.11 0.60 0.46 0.78 1.36 0.58 0.46 0.72 1.17 0.60 0.45 0.72 0.74 0.78 0.73

 Mountain ..................... 1.00 0.50 0.29 0.80 1.07 0.52 0.28 0.69 1.05 0.50 0.28 0.70 0.64 0.64 0.63

 Pacific ......................... 1.32 0.84 0.67 1.04 1.22 0.86 0.68 1.05 1.29 0.86 0.69 1.04 0.96 0.95 0.97

 Total ........................ 14.35 6.03 4.23 9.53 14.72 5.72 4.23 9.33 14.55 6.13 4.21 9.25 8.51 8.47 8.51

Industrial Sector

 New England .............. 0.38 0.26 0.22 0.32 0.45 0.28 0.22 0.31 0.45 0.30 0.23 0.32 0.29 0.32 0.32

 Middle Atlantic ............ 0.98 0.72 0.66 0.86 1.02 0.75 0.69 0.86 1.01 0.75 0.69 0.86 0.80 0.83 0.83

 E. N. Central ............... 3.28 2.17 2.07 2.85 3.49 2.61 2.37 2.95 3.64 2.64 2.45 3.07 2.59 2.85 2.95

 W. N. Central ............. 1.71 1.34 1.38 1.66 1.86 1.52 1.52 1.71 1.90 1.56 1.56 1.79 1.52 1.65 1.70

 S. Atlantic ................... 1.37 1.26 1.26 1.38 1.54 1.34 1.32 1.35 1.49 1.37 1.30 1.34 1.32 1.39 1.37

 E. S. Central ............... 1.14 1.02 1.07 1.23 1.35 1.15 1.09 1.25 1.36 1.15 1.13 1.29 1.11 1.21 1.23

 W. S. Central .............. 5.96 5.81 5.94 6.29 6.79 6.49 6.27 6.35 6.56 6.36 6.40 6.52 6.00 6.48 6.46

 Mountain ..................... 0.85 0.68 0.63 0.81 0.88 0.68 0.66 0.82 0.89 0.70 0.66 0.83 0.75 0.76 0.77

 Pacific ......................... 2.45 2.25 2.48 2.47 2.40 2.34 2.41 2.46 2.49 2.34 2.46 2.53 2.41 2.40 2.46

 Total ........................ 18.13 15.51 15.72 17.87 19.78 17.17 16.54 18.06 19.78 17.18 16.88 18.56 16.80 17.88 18.09

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the Natural Gas Monthly , DOE/EIA-0130.

Regions refer to U.S. Census divisions. 

Table 5b. U.S. Regional Natural Gas Consumption (Billion Cubic Feet/ Day)

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

See "Census division" in EIA’s Energy Glossary (http://www.eia.doe.gov/glossary/index.html) for a list of States in each region.

2011 Year

- = no data available
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Wholesale/Spot

 U.S. Average Wellhead ...... 4.36 3.44 3.17 3.89 4.79 4.07 4.04 4.09 4.55 4.43 4.40 4.67 3.72 4.25 4.51

 Henry Hub Spot Price ........ 4.71 3.82 3.26 4.47 5.30 4.45 4.41 4.56 5.00 4.74 4.72 5.16 4.06 4.68 4.90

Residential

 New England ..................... 17.27 17.28 17.61 15.00 14.84 16.49 19.06 16.30 16.00 17.02 19.33 16.87 16.77 15.79 16.64

 Middle Atlantic ................... 15.08 15.18 18.03 13.71 12.79 15.17 18.63 14.64 13.79 14.91 18.84 15.18 14.92 14.07 14.71

 E. N. Central ...................... 10.96 10.88 14.53 9.44 9.54 12.24 15.20 10.43 10.09 11.80 15.22 10.97 10.73 10.50 10.91

 W. N. Central ..................... 10.21 10.86 14.95 9.35 9.08 11.87 15.82 10.16 9.65 11.62 16.06 10.63 10.33 10.12 10.59

 S. Atlantic .......................... 14.49 17.95 22.77 13.42 12.62 18.73 24.05 15.16 14.04 18.52 25.43 16.14 15.09 14.68 15.99

 E. S. Central ...................... 13.43 14.78 17.30 11.15 10.51 14.81 19.02 13.16 12.18 15.06 20.03 14.07 13.17 12.07 13.53

 W. S. Central ..................... 11.35 13.16 16.72 10.13 9.72 13.93 18.22 11.70 10.28 14.46 19.43 12.67 11.69 11.30 12.24

 Mountain ............................ 10.55 10.48 13.44 9.32 9.24 9.83 12.99 9.29 9.37 10.22 13.36 9.88 10.35 9.64 9.96

 Pacific ................................ 10.62 10.09 10.51 10.17 10.43 10.47 10.80 9.74 10.34 10.49 11.12 10.49 10.37 10.29 10.50

 U.S. Average .................. 12.17 12.26 14.76 10.80 10.61 12.58 15.44 11.69 11.30 12.66 15.85 12.33 11.97 11.55 12.14

Commercial

 New England ..................... 14.23 12.75 11.46 11.06 12.04 12.34 12.21 12.37 12.91 12.30 12.86 13.08 12.96 12.19 12.84

 Middle Atlantic ................... 12.19 10.14 9.50 10.22 10.75 9.61 9.79 11.08 11.48 10.40 10.00 11.49 11.10 10.56 11.12

 E. N. Central ...................... 10.21 8.56 8.86 7.97 8.64 9.14 9.64 8.71 8.93 9.42 9.94 9.36 9.26 8.82 9.21

 W. N. Central ..................... 9.44 8.05 8.23 7.68 8.36 8.39 9.07 8.17 8.55 8.53 9.45 8.80 8.62 8.37 8.69

 S. Atlantic .......................... 12.22 11.31 11.11 10.63 10.49 10.74 11.49 11.64 11.65 11.22 11.96 12.30 11.49 11.08 11.82

 E. S. Central ...................... 12.33 11.02 10.41 9.50 9.38 10.09 11.15 11.19 10.90 10.87 11.78 11.98 11.12 10.15 11.28

 W. S. Central ..................... 9.61 8.68 8.95 8.10 8.47 9.06 9.10 8.88 8.47 8.74 9.32 9.69 8.93 8.76 8.95

 Mountain ............................ 9.29 8.76 9.45 8.27 8.35 8.14 8.96 8.55 8.57 8.27 9.13 9.07 8.89 8.43 8.72

 Pacific ................................ 10.05 8.95 8.94 9.26 9.48 8.97 8.78 8.69 9.45 8.47 8.83 9.20 9.44 9.02 9.07

 U.S. Average .................. 10.75 9.37 9.40 8.90 9.31 9.27 9.81 9.64 9.87 9.55 10.07 10.26 9.86 9.47 9.95

Industrial

 New England ..................... 13.70 11.71 9.64 10.92 12.25 10.73 9.98 10.95 12.42 11.70 10.82 12.02 12.05 11.18 11.93

 Middle Atlantic ................... 11.41 8.83 7.88 8.87 10.07 9.01 8.50 9.67 10.38 8.98 8.75 10.61 9.79 9.50 9.95

 E. N. Central ...................... 9.60 6.93 6.32 6.94 7.98 7.03 7.28 7.29 8.00 7.64 7.55 7.96 8.01 7.53 7.87

 W. N. Central ..................... 7.80 5.04 4.49 5.91 6.78 5.67 5.61 5.94 6.99 5.60 5.68 6.53 6.00 6.05 6.29

 S. Atlantic .......................... 8.67 6.30 5.91 6.65 7.63 6.17 7.33 7.83 8.24 7.20 7.60 8.52 7.00 7.32 7.93

 E. S. Central ...................... 7.99 5.56 5.03 5.93 7.19 5.70 6.54 6.91 7.71 6.57 6.89 7.71 6.23 6.64 7.27

 W. S. Central ..................... 4.70 3.76 3.59 4.55 5.60 4.36 4.91 4.60 5.07 5.08 5.13 5.29 4.15 4.86 5.14

 Mountain ............................ 8.31 7.01 6.69 7.40 7.34 6.39 6.86 7.76 8.27 7.52 7.68 8.55 7.45 7.13 8.06

 Pacific ................................ 8.26 7.07 7.18 7.44 7.78 7.01 6.62 7.29 7.88 6.78 6.56 7.80 7.56 7.19 7.32

 U.S. Average .................. 6.53 4.63 4.25 5.42 6.58 5.02 5.48 5.63 6.46 5.75 5.71 6.35 5.28 5.70 6.08

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the Natural Gas Monthly , DOE/EIA-0130.

Regions refer to U.S. Census divisions. 

Natural gas Henry Hub spot price from Reuter's News Service (http://www.reuters.com).

Table 5c. U.S. Regional Natural Gas Prices (dollars per thousand cubic feet)

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

See "Census division" in EIA’s Energy Glossary (http://www.eia.doe.gov/glossary/index.html) for a list of States in each region.

2011 Year

- = no data available

Prices are not adjusted for inflation.
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Supply (million short tons)

 Production ........................................ 281.4 262.6 268.6 260.0 265.3 263.9 266.6 274.0 268.9 264.7 280.8 275.2 1072.8 1069.8 1089.5

 Appalachia .................................... 94.8 84.1 80.7 81.0 84.4 87.1 82.3 84.6 85.8 84.5 89.6 87.8 340.6 338.4 347.7

 Interior .......................................... 37.1 37.5 36.9 36.1 37.7 37.4 36.5 38.2 37.1 36.5 38.8 38.0 147.6 149.8 150.4

 Western ........................................ 149.6 141.0 151.1 142.9 143.3 139.4 147.7 151.3 145.9 143.7 152.4 149.4 584.5 581.7 591.4

 Primary Inventory Withdrawals .......... -6.6 -2.8 2.3 0.4 -2.4 1.5 6.2 0.3 4.8 -1.7 1.0 1.2 -6.6 5.6 5.2

 Imports ............................................ 6.3 5.4 5.4 5.4 4.8 5.4 4.4 4.7 5.1 7.4 7.2 6.3 22.6 19.3 25.9

 Exports ............................................ 13.3 13.0 15.2 17.7 17.8 20.1 17.7 18.4 14.1 19.2 21.0 19.6 59.1 74.0 74.0

 Metallurgical Coal .......................... 8.5 6.5 10.4 11.9 14.2 15.4 13.3 13.2 9.8 13.3 15.6 13.9 37.3 56.1 52.6

 Steam Coal ................................... 4.9 6.4 4.8 5.8 3.6 4.7 4.4 5.2 4.3 5.9 5.4 5.7 21.8 17.9 21.3

Total Primary Supply ........................... 267.9 252.4 261.2 248.3 249.9 250.7 259.6 260.6 264.6 251.1 268.0 263.0 1029.7 1020.7 1046.7

 Secondary Inventory Withdrawals ..... -11.8 -21.0 -1.2 6.8 15.9 -3.1 18.7 -3.7 -1.4 -10.0 13.1 -5.1 -27.1 27.7 -3.3

 Waste Coal (a) ................................. 3.1 2.8 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 12.4 12.6 12.7

Total Supply ........................................ 259.2 234.1 263.3 258.4 268.9 250.7 281.4 260.1 266.4 244.3 284.3 261.1 1015.0 1061.1 1056.2

Consumption (million short tons)

 Coke Plants ..................................... 4.4 3.4 3.4 4.1 4.9 4.6 5.6 5.4 6.0 5.1 6.0 5.6 15.3 20.4 22.7

 Electric Power Sector (b) .................. 237.6 216.9 245.2 236.9 246.9 230.5 273.8 243.0 247.8 227.9 266.6 243.6 936.5 994.2 985.8

 Retail and Other Industry .................. 13.2 11.2 11.7 12.5 13.4 11.0 11.4 11.7 12.7 11.3 11.7 11.9 48.6 47.5 47.6

 Residential and Commercial .......... 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.8 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.8 3.2 3.1 3.2

 Other Industrial ............................. 12.1 10.6 11.1 11.6 12.3 10.3 10.8 10.9 11.6 10.6 11.1 11.1 45.4 44.3 44.4

Total Consumption ............................. 255.1 231.5 260.4 253.4 265.1 246.6 290.8 260.1 266.4 244.3 284.3 261.1 1000.4 1062.6 1056.2

Discrepancy (c) 4.1 2.7 2.9 5.0 3.8 4.1 -9.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.6 -1.5 0.0

End-of-period Inventories (million short tons)

 Primary Inventories (d) ...................... 41.3 44.0 41.7 41.3 43.7 42.2 36.0 35.7 30.9 32.6 31.6 30.5 41.3 35.7 30.5

 Secondary Inventories ...................... 182.2 203.2 204.4 197.6 181.6 184.8 166.1 169.8 171.2 181.2 168.1 173.1 197.6 169.8 173.1

 Electric Power Sector .................... 174.3 195.9 197.2 190.0 175.4 178.3 159.1 162.5 164.7 174.3 160.6 165.3 190.0 162.5 165.3

 Retail and General Industry ........... 5.3 5.1 5.1 5.1 4.2 4.4 4.9 5.2 4.4 4.6 5.2 5.4 5.1 5.2 5.4

 Coke Plants .................................. 2.1 1.8 1.6 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.6 1.9

Coal Market Indicators

 Coal Miner Productivity

 (Tons per hour) ............................. 5.73 5.63 5.60 5.60 5.75 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.84 5.64 5.82 5.84

 Total Raw Steel Production

 (Million short tons per day) ............ 0.146 0.153 0.186 0.214 0.234 0.253 0.251 0.259 0.260 0.272 0.276 0.267 0.175 0.249 0.269

 Cost of Coal to Electric Utilities

 (Dollars per million Btu) ................. 2.26 2.23 2.20 2.15 2.27 2.27 2.24 2.21 2.22 2.21 2.18 2.15 2.21 2.25 2.19

(a) Waste coal includes waste coal and cloal slurry reprocessed into briquettes.

(b) Coal used for electricity generation and (a limited amount of) useful thermal output by electric utilities and independent power producers.

Table 6. U.S. Coal Supply, Consumption, and Inventories

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year

- = no data available

(c) The discrepancy reflects an unaccounted-for shipper and receiver reporting difference, assumed to be zero in the forecast period.

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Historical data : Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the following reports: Quarterly Coal Report , DOE/EIA-0121; and Electric Power Monthly , 

DOE/EIA-0226.

(d) Primary stocks are held at the mines and distribution points.
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Electricity Supply (billion kilowatthours per day)

 Electricity Generation .................... 10.75 10.45 11.74 10.38 11.02 10.90 12.69 10.62 11.00 10.92 12.57 10.75 10.83 11.31 11.31

 Electric Power Sector (a) ............ 10.38 10.08 11.35 9.99 10.60 10.50 12.26 10.23 10.60 10.55 12.17 10.37 10.45 10.90 10.92

 Industrial Sector ......................... 0.35 0.34 0.37 0.37 0.39 0.38 0.40 0.37 0.38 0.35 0.38 0.36 0.36 0.38 0.37

 Commercial Sector ..................... 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

 Net Imports ................................. 0.06 0.08 0.13 0.10 0.12 0.07 0.12 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.12 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.09

 Total Supply .................................. 10.82 10.53 11.87 10.48 11.13 10.97 12.80 10.69 11.07 11.00 12.69 10.82 10.92 11.40 11.40

 Losses and Unaccounted for (b) ... 0.51 0.85 0.66 0.68 0.42 0.87 0.70 0.69 0.53 0.85 0.75 0.69 0.67 0.67 0.71

Electricity Consumption (billion kilowatthours per day)

 Retail Sales .................................. 9.86 9.24 10.74 9.34 10.22 9.62 11.59 9.54 10.06 9.71 11.46 9.67 9.80 10.25 10.23

 Residential Sector ...................... 3.98 3.29 4.25 3.42 4.26 3.41 4.74 3.49 4.02 3.45 4.63 3.56 3.73 3.97 3.92

 Commercial Sector ..................... 3.51 3.56 3.96 3.47 3.50 3.62 4.14 3.50 3.52 3.65 4.14 3.58 3.62 3.69 3.73

 Industrial Sector ......................... 2.35 2.37 2.51 2.43 2.44 2.58 2.68 2.53 2.50 2.59 2.66 2.51 2.42 2.56 2.57

 Transportation Sector ................. 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

 Direct Use (c) ................................ 0.45 0.44 0.47 0.46 0.49 0.48 0.51 0.47 0.47 0.45 0.48 0.46 0.45 0.49 0.46

 Total Consumption ....................... 10.31 9.67 11.21 9.80 10.72 10.10 12.10 10.01 10.53 10.15 11.95 10.13 10.25 10.73 10.69

Prices

 Power Generation Fuel Costs (dollars per million Btu)

 Coal ........................................... 2.26 2.23 2.20 2.15 2.27 2.27 2.24 2.21 2.22 2.21 2.18 2.15 2.21 2.25 2.19

 Natural Gas ............................... 5.45 4.43 4.07 5.18 6.06 4.89 5.16 5.14 5.69 5.41 5.41 5.69 4.69 5.27 5.53

 Residual Fuel Oil ........................ 6.80 8.26 10.65 11.24 11.74 12.00 11.29 11.44 11.94 12.35 12.47 12.60 8.85 11.52 12.32

 Distillate Fuel Oil ........................ 11.10 12.30 14.59 15.55 15.70 16.45 16.17 16.52 17.06 17.38 17.72 18.06 13.10 16.17 17.52

 End-Use Prices (cents per kilowatthour)

 Residential Sector ...................... 11.15 11.74 11.96 11.29 10.86 11.88 12.15 11.59 11.17 12.10 12.45 11.84 11.55 11.63 11.91

 Commercial Sector ..................... 10.09 10.20 10.58 9.92 9.83 10.22 10.84 10.26 9.91 10.35 10.89 10.29 10.21 10.31 10.39

 Industrial Sector ......................... 6.85 6.91 7.07 6.55 6.53 6.76 7.11 6.68 6.42 6.68 7.14 6.70 6.84 6.78 6.74

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the following reports: Electric Power Monthly , DOE/EIA-0226; and Electric Power 

Annual , DOE/EIA-0348.

(c) Direct Use represents commercial and industrial facility use of onsite net electricity generation; and electrical sales or transfers to adjacent or colocated facilities 

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

for which revenue information is not available. See Table 7.6 of the EIA Monthly Energy Review .

Table 7a. U.S. Electricity Industry Overview

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009

(b) Includes transmission and distribution losses, data collection time-frame differences, and estimation error.

(a) Electric utilities and independent power producers.

2010 2011 Year

- = no data available

Prices are not adjusted for inflation.
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Residential Sector

 New England ............... 143 108 132 120 142 115 151 126 146 118 145 128 126 133 134

 Middle Atlantic ............. 399 306 379 329 393 325 445 339 397 323 425 344 353 376 372

 E. N. Central ................ 571 434 515 480 578 455 636 491 569 455 595 497 500 540 529

 W. N. Central ............... 317 241 290 262 335 249 349 267 323 261 349 279 278 300 303

 S. Atlantic ..................... 993 837 1,102 854 1,128 875 1,253 873 1,013 885 1,207 904 947 1,032 1,003

 E. S. Central ................ 355 276 370 282 408 293 431 293 360 291 413 301 321 356 341

 W. S. Central ............... 499 493 717 451 592 512 740 458 500 505 730 468 540 576 551

 Mountain ...................... 240 230 323 230 243 226 316 229 245 237 334 233 256 254 262

 Pacific contiguous ....... 442 354 410 395 424 342 408 399 448 360 423 394 400 393 406

 AK and HI ..................... 15 13 13 15 15 13 14 15 15 14 14 15 14 14 14

 Total .......................... 3,976 3,293 4,250 3,418 4,258 3,405 4,743 3,490 4,016 3,448 4,635 3,563 3,734 3,974 3,916

Commercial Sector

 New England ............... 128 118 131 119 124 121 141 120 128 124 139 123 124 126 129

 Middle Atlantic ............. 449 422 476 417 443 434 517 433 455 439 504 438 441 457 459

 E. N. Central ................ 555 536 567 520 543 541 598 515 543 548 602 536 544 549 557

 W. N. Central ............... 265 260 281 257 265 267 303 263 267 271 305 269 266 274 278

 S. Atlantic ..................... 787 827 918 795 793 852 965 800 793 847 964 820 832 853 856

 E. S. Central ................ 216 224 253 209 222 230 272 215 217 230 269 220 226 235 234

 W. S. Central ............... 426 463 546 442 441 479 561 454 438 490 569 464 469 484 491

 Mountain ...................... 236 249 281 241 234 251 279 232 226 244 276 237 252 249 246

 Pacific contiguous ....... 432 445 490 449 418 424 489 452 436 445 499 453 454 446 458

 AK and HI ..................... 17 17 17 17 17 16 17 18 17 17 18 18 17 17 17

 Total .......................... 3,510 3,559 3,960 3,467 3,500 3,615 4,141 3,502 3,520 3,655 4,145 3,579 3,625 3,691 3,726

Industrial Sector

 New England ............... 77 75 79 76 76 78 79 76 75 77 80 76 77 77 77

 Middle Atlantic ............. 177 175 184 174 178 186 191 180 177 180 187 176 178 184 180

 E. N. Central ................ 443 434 456 459 468 486 508 488 480 486 492 472 448 488 483

 W. N. Central ............... 204 201 215 214 218 230 237 228 225 231 244 235 208 228 234

 S. Atlantic ..................... 348 358 375 359 357 392 386 361 363 381 386 361 360 374 373

 E. S. Central ................ 309 298 311 329 335 333 342 349 345 342 342 349 312 340 344

 W. S. Central ............... 375 385 409 385 389 427 441 405 399 420 430 395 389 415 411

 Mountain ...................... 196 207 226 203 197 210 244 216 215 235 250 222 208 217 230

 Pacific contiguous ....... 211 221 240 220 212 227 239 214 211 219 236 211 223 223 220

 AK and HI ..................... 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 13 14 14 14 14 14 14

 Total .......................... 2,353 2,367 2,510 2,432 2,443 2,584 2,682 2,529 2,502 2,585 2,663 2,511 2,416 2,560 2,566

Total All Sectors (a)

 New England ............... 350 303 344 316 343 315 372 324 351 320 365 329 328 338 341

 Middle Atlantic ............. 1,039 913 1,050 931 1,026 957 1,165 963 1,041 953 1,127 970 983 1,028 1,023

 E. N. Central ................ 1,570 1,405 1,539 1,460 1,592 1,484 1,743 1,495 1,595 1,490 1,691 1,507 1,493 1,579 1,571

 W. N. Central ............... 786 702 786 733 818 747 890 757 815 763 898 782 752 803 815

 S. Atlantic ..................... 2,132 2,026 2,398 2,012 2,282 2,123 2,607 2,038 2,172 2,116 2,561 2,089 2,142 2,263 2,235

 E. S. Central ................ 880 797 934 820 964 856 1,045 857 921 864 1,024 870 858 931 920

 W. S. Central ............... 1,301 1,342 1,672 1,278 1,423 1,418 1,742 1,317 1,337 1,416 1,730 1,328 1,399 1,475 1,453

 Mountain ...................... 672 686 831 674 675 688 839 678 686 716 860 691 716 720 739

 Pacific contiguous ....... 1,087 1,021 1,142 1,067 1,057 995 1,138 1,067 1,097 1,027 1,160 1,060 1,079 1,065 1,086

 AK and HI ..................... 45 44 45 46 45 43 45 46 46 44 46 46 45 45 46

 Total .......................... 9,862 9,239 10,741 9,337 10,224 9,625 11,588 9,542 10,061 9,708 11,464 9,674 9,796 10,246 10,229

- = no data available

Table 7b. U.S. Regional Electricity Retail Sales (Million Kilowatthours per Day)

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

See "Census division" in EIA’s Energy Glossary (http://www.eia.doe.gov/glossary/index.html) for a list of States in each region.

(a) Total retail sales to all sectors includes residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation sector sales.

Retail Sales represents total retail electricity sales by electric utilities and power marketers. 

Regions refer to U.S. Census divisions. 

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the following reports: Electric Power Monthly , DOE/EIA-0226; and Electric Power 

Annual , DOE/EIA-0348. 

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Residential Sector

 New England ............... 17.89 18.06 17.26 16.81 16.53 16.64 17.02 17.12 17.24 17.53 17.39 17.39 17.50 16.83 17.38

 Middle Atlantic ............. 14.09 15.06 16.08 14.73 14.82 16.14 16.57 15.22 14.86 16.19 17.27 15.87 14.99 15.72 16.08

 E. N. Central ............... 10.39 11.32 11.28 10.71 10.39 11.77 11.66 11.12 10.60 11.73 11.77 11.22 10.90 11.23 11.32

 W. N. Central .............. 8.25 9.53 9.97 8.61 8.21 9.95 10.10 8.88 8.33 9.71 10.09 8.87 9.07 9.27 9.26

 S. Atlantic .................... 10.93 11.37 11.53 11.15 10.38 11.24 11.63 11.25 10.80 11.57 11.93 11.52 11.25 11.13 11.48

 E. S. Central ................ 9.51 9.83 9.65 9.16 8.72 9.80 9.84 9.79 9.17 9.99 9.95 9.85 9.54 9.50 9.73

 W. S. Central .............. 11.45 11.54 11.27 10.77 10.53 11.24 11.54 11.12 10.87 11.74 12.01 11.55 11.27 11.13 11.59

 Mountain ..................... 9.35 10.29 10.88 9.98 9.72 10.84 11.19 10.35 9.71 10.77 11.14 10.29 10.19 10.57 10.54

 Pacific ......................... 11.52 12.26 13.74 12.00 12.06 12.47 13.50 11.92 11.88 12.72 14.06 12.39 12.38 12.49 12.76

 U.S. Average ............ 11.15 11.74 11.96 11.29 10.86 11.88 12.15 11.59 11.17 12.10 12.45 11.84 11.55 11.63 11.91

Commercial Sector

 New England ............... 16.72 16.14 15.97 15.61 15.21 14.68 15.71 15.33 15.51 15.52 15.90 15.47 16.11 15.26 15.61

 Middle Atlantic ............. 13.11 13.26 14.30 13.08 13.21 13.99 15.04 13.55 13.11 14.04 15.37 13.85 13.46 14.00 14.14

 E. N. Central ............... 8.93 9.01 9.14 8.78 8.88 9.16 9.50 9.27 8.96 9.29 9.46 9.22 8.97 9.21 9.24

 W. N. Central .............. 6.89 7.55 8.05 6.99 7.06 7.88 8.26 7.19 6.99 7.77 8.26 7.19 7.38 7.63 7.58

 S. Atlantic .................... 9.75 9.59 9.56 9.53 9.10 9.30 9.67 9.64 9.26 9.40 9.67 9.62 9.61 9.44 9.50

 E. S. Central ................ 9.50 9.26 9.21 8.84 8.80 9.27 9.55 9.60 9.17 9.45 9.51 9.54 9.21 9.32 9.42

 W. S. Central .............. 9.52 9.13 8.99 8.81 9.10 8.96 9.37 9.13 8.88 9.04 9.37 9.13 9.10 9.15 9.12

 Mountain ..................... 7.97 8.62 9.07 8.48 8.25 9.10 9.29 8.88 8.44 9.09 9.31 8.88 8.56 8.90 8.95

 Pacific ......................... 10.75 12.04 13.61 11.17 10.82 11.99 13.44 11.43 10.81 12.09 13.58 11.56 11.95 11.98 12.07

 U.S. Average ............ 10.09 10.20 10.58 9.92 9.83 10.22 10.84 10.26 9.91 10.35 10.89 10.29 10.21 10.31 10.39

Industrial Sector

 New England ............... 12.25 12.10 12.18 12.05 12.38 12.82 12.80 12.76 12.49 12.34 12.65 12.61 12.15 12.69 12.52

 Middle Atlantic ............. 8.19 8.48 8.30 7.91 8.48 8.44 8.59 8.08 8.01 8.26 8.63 8.12 8.22 8.40 8.26

 E. N. Central ............... 6.66 6.79 6.77 6.34 6.22 6.45 6.31 6.01 6.21 6.42 6.67 6.35 6.64 6.25 6.42

 W. N. Central .............. 5.50 5.78 6.22 5.35 5.43 5.73 6.22 5.42 5.32 5.72 6.22 5.42 5.72 5.71 5.68

 S. Atlantic .................... 6.64 6.69 6.73 6.51 6.36 6.48 6.96 6.62 6.11 6.26 6.81 6.49 6.64 6.61 6.42

 E. S. Central ................ 5.97 6.01 5.97 5.45 5.29 5.83 6.27 5.83 5.30 5.73 6.13 5.69 5.84 5.81 5.72

 W. S. Central .............. 7.07 6.41 6.08 5.96 6.22 6.14 6.47 6.33 6.10 6.18 6.42 6.27 6.37 6.29 6.25

 Mountain ..................... 5.60 6.01 6.81 5.76 5.68 6.16 6.63 5.91 5.56 5.90 6.50 5.80 6.07 6.12 5.96

 Pacific ......................... 7.23 7.93 9.00 7.82 7.41 7.79 8.84 8.07 7.57 8.10 9.06 8.26 8.03 8.05 8.27

 U.S. Average ............ 6.85 6.91 7.07 6.55 6.53 6.76 7.11 6.68 6.42 6.68 7.14 6.70 6.84 6.78 6.74

All Sectors (a)

 New England ............... 16.17 15.79 15.55 15.17 15.10 14.90 15.59 15.39 15.55 15.46 15.75 15.52 15.68 15.26 15.58

 Middle Atlantic ............. 12.64 12.95 13.87 12.69 13.00 13.63 14.55 13.11 12.90 13.66 14.95 13.50 13.06 13.62 13.79

 E. N. Central ............... 8.82 9.04 9.15 8.64 8.64 9.07 9.35 8.81 8.72 9.10 9.46 8.98 8.91 8.98 9.07

 W. N. Central .............. 7.08 7.73 8.26 7.09 7.10 7.91 8.44 7.25 7.06 7.81 8.41 7.25 7.54 7.70 7.66

 S. Atlantic .................... 9.79 9.82 10.02 9.68 9.31 9.58 10.21 9.80 9.45 9.74 10.31 9.91 9.84 9.75 9.88

 E. S. Central ................ 8.27 8.24 8.30 7.59 7.55 8.11 8.59 8.13 7.72 8.16 8.56 8.10 8.11 8.11 8.15

 W. S. Central .............. 9.55 9.24 9.25 8.64 8.91 8.93 9.56 8.96 8.80 9.15 9.75 9.13 9.18 9.12 9.25

 Mountain ..................... 7.77 8.39 9.16 8.17 8.03 8.77 9.23 8.43 7.99 8.60 9.20 8.37 8.42 8.65 8.58

 Pacific ......................... 10.38 11.22 12.68 10.78 10.63 11.18 12.49 10.93 10.62 11.45 12.82 11.21 11.29 11.34 11.55

 U.S. Average ............ 9.75 9.91 10.31 9.54 9.47 9.88 10.52 9.80 9.55 9.99 10.65 9.93 9.89 9.94 10.06

Table 7c. U.S. Regional Electricity Prices (Cents per Kilowatthour)

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year

- = no data available

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

See "Census division" in EIA’s Energy Glossary (http://www.eia.doe.gov/glossary/index.html) for a list of States in each region.

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Prices are not adjusted for inflation.

(a) Volume-weighted average of retail prices to residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation sectors.

Regions refer to U.S. Census divisions. 

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the following reports: Electric Power Monthly , DOE/EIA-0226; and Electric 

Power Annual , DOE/EIA-0348.
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Electric Power Sector (a)

 Coal ............................................. 4.960 4.437 4.972 4.805 5.196 4.772 5.520 4.913 5.122 4.642 5.340 4.886 4.793 5.101 4.998

 Natural Gas .................................. 1.968 2.157 3.052 2.029 2.014 2.304 3.318 2.191 1.973 2.279 3.295 2.151 2.304 2.460 2.427

 Other Gases ................................ 0.008 0.008 0.010 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.010 0.009 0.010 0.010 0.009 0.009 0.010

 Petroleum .................................... 0.130 0.093 0.099 0.071 0.095 0.094 0.159 0.103 0.123 0.105 0.124 0.100 0.098 0.113 0.113

 Residual Fuel Oil ....................... 0.067 0.040 0.048 0.030 0.034 0.038 0.090 0.045 0.056 0.044 0.057 0.039 0.046 0.052 0.049

 Distillate Fuel Oil ....................... 0.023 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.023 0.018 0.022 0.016 0.020 0.014 0.014 0.014 0.017 0.019 0.016

 Petroleum Coke ........................ 0.035 0.034 0.034 0.023 0.035 0.035 0.044 0.040 0.042 0.043 0.049 0.043 0.031 0.039 0.044

 Other Petroleum ....................... 0.006 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.005 0.003 0.004 0.003 0.004 0.003 0.004

 Nuclear ........................................ 2.284 2.138 2.292 2.041 2.249 2.116 2.294 2.159 2.258 2.185 2.324 2.155 2.188 2.204 2.230

 Pumped Storage Hydroelectric ..... -0.012 -0.009 -0.015 -0.012 -0.008 -0.007 -0.017 -0.016 -0.015 -0.015 -0.017 -0.016 -0.012 -0.012 -0.016

 Other Fuels (b) ............................. 0.019 0.020 0.020 0.019 0.018 0.021 0.022 0.019 0.018 0.019 0.021 0.019 0.019 0.020 0.019

 Renewables:

 Conventional Hydroelectric ........ 0.699 0.916 0.642 0.705 0.695 0.793 0.626 0.494 0.707 0.847 0.655 0.609 0.740 0.651 0.704

 Geothermal ............................... 0.043 0.041 0.041 0.043 0.042 0.042 0.043 0.044 0.045 0.044 0.045 0.045 0.042 0.043 0.045

 Solar ......................................... 0.001 0.003 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.004 0.006 0.002 0.003 0.007 0.009 0.004 0.002 0.003 0.006

 Wind ......................................... 0.207 0.207 0.156 0.207 0.218 0.283 0.201 0.233 0.282 0.349 0.284 0.327 0.194 0.234 0.311

 Wood and Wood Waste ............ 0.030 0.027 0.031 0.029 0.031 0.029 0.033 0.031 0.032 0.029 0.034 0.032 0.029 0.031 0.032

 Other Renewables .................... 0.042 0.044 0.044 0.042 0.041 0.043 0.045 0.043 0.044 0.046 0.048 0.046 0.043 0.043 0.046

 Subtotal Electric Power Sector ..... 10.379 10.080 11.346 9.990 10.603 10.502 12.259 10.227 10.604 10.547 12.171 10.366 10.450 10.900 10.925

Commercial Sector (c)

 Coal ............................................. 0.003 0.002 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003

 Natural Gas .................................. 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.011 0.013 0.011 0.012 0.011 0.012 0.011 0.011 0.012 0.012

 Petroleum .................................... 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

 Other Fuels (b) ............................. 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002

 Renewables (d) ............................ 0.004 0.004 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.005

 Subtotal Commercial Sector ......... 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.020 0.020 0.022 0.024 0.021 0.022 0.021 0.024 0.022 0.021 0.022 0.022

Industrial Sector (c)

 Coal ............................................. 0.039 0.037 0.039 0.036 0.051 0.045 0.045 0.040 0.040 0.037 0.041 0.039 0.038 0.045 0.039

 Natural Gas .................................. 0.203 0.197 0.216 0.211 0.221 0.215 0.228 0.208 0.219 0.203 0.217 0.202 0.207 0.218 0.210

 Other Gases ................................ 0.019 0.018 0.023 0.022 0.022 0.023 0.025 0.022 0.021 0.021 0.024 0.022 0.021 0.023 0.022

 Petroleum .................................... 0.010 0.008 0.008 0.006 0.007 0.006 0.008 0.007 0.008 0.007 0.008 0.007 0.008 0.007 0.008

 Other Fuels (b) ............................. 0.007 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.010 0.009 0.008 0.009 0.010 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009

 Renewables:

 Conventional Hydroelectric ........ 0.005 0.006 0.004 0.005 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005

 Wood and Wood Waste ............ 0.068 0.066 0.073 0.074 0.075 0.071 0.079 0.074 0.072 0.066 0.074 0.072 0.070 0.075 0.071

 Other Renewables (e) ............... 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002

 Subtotal Industrial Sector ............. 0.353 0.344 0.375 0.365 0.392 0.378 0.403 0.368 0.375 0.352 0.379 0.359 0.359 0.385 0.366

Total All Sectors ........................... 10.753 10.445 11.743 10.375 11.015 10.901 12.686 10.616 11.000 10.920 12.573 10.747 10.830 11.307 11.313

- = no data available

Values of 0.000 may indicate positive levels of generation that are less than 0.0005 billion kilowatthours per day.

(a) Electric utilities and independent power producers.

(e) "Other Renewables" in industrial sector includes black liquor, biogenic municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, agriculture byproducts, other biomass, geothermal, solar thermal, 

photovoltaic energy and wind.

(d) "Renewables" in commercial sector includes wood, black liquor, other wood waste, biogenic municipal solid waste, landfill gas, sludge waste, agriculture byproducts, other biomass, 

geothermal, solar thermal, photovoltaic energy and wind.

(c) Commercial and industrial sectors include electricity output from combined heat and power (CHP) facilities and some electric-only plants.

(b) "Other" includes non-biogenic municipal solid waste, batteries, chemicals, hydrogen, pitch, purchased steam, sulfur, tires and miscellaneous technologies.

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Table 7d. U.S. Electricity Generation by Fuel and Sector (Billion Kilowatthours per day) 

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 Year

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

2011

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the following reports: Electric Power Monthly , DOE/EIA-0226; and Electric Power Annual , 

DOE/EIA-0348.
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Electric Power Sector (a)

 Coal (mmst/d) ........................... 2.63 2.37 2.66 2.57 2.73 2.52 2.97 2.63 2.74 2.49 2.89 2.64 2.56 2.71 2.69

 Natural Gas (bcf/d) .................... 15.05 16.99 24.19 15.61 15.47 18.31 26.36 16.73 14.91 17.78 25.86 16.32 17.98 19.24 18.74

 Petroleum (mmb/d) (b) .............. 0.23 0.17 0.18 0.13 0.17 0.17 0.29 0.19 0.22 0.19 0.23 0.18 0.18 0.20 0.21

 Residual Fuel Oil (mmb/d) ..... 0.11 0.07 0.08 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.15 0.07 0.09 0.07 0.09 0.06 0.08 0.09 0.08

 Distillate Fuel Oil (mmb/d) ..... 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.03

 Petroleum Coke (mmst/d) ...... 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.04 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.06 0.08 0.09

 Other Petroleum (mmb/d) ...... 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

Commercial Sector (c)

 Coal (mmst/d) ........................... 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

 Natural Gas (bcf/d) .................... 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09

 Petroleum (mmb/d) (b) .............. 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Industrial Sector (c)

 Coal (mmst/d) ........................... 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01

 Natural Gas (bcf/d) .................... 1.37 1.33 1.47 1.44 1.50 1.45 1.60 1.48 1.56 1.47 1.56 1.45 1.40 1.51 1.51

 Petroleum (mmb/d) (b) .............. 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

Total All Sectors

 Coal (mmst/d) ........................... 2.64 2.39 2.67 2.58 2.76 2.54 2.99 2.65 2.76 2.51 2.90 2.65 2.57 2.73 2.71

 Natural Gas (bcf/d) .................... 16.51 18.40 25.74 17.13 17.06 19.84 28.06 18.30 16.56 19.34 27.52 17.86 19.46 20.84 20.34

 Petroleum (mmb/d) (b) .............. 0.24 0.18 0.19 0.13 0.18 0.18 0.30 0.20 0.24 0.20 0.24 0.20 0.19 0.21 0.22

End-of-period Fuel Inventories Held by Electric Power Sector

 Coal (mmst) .............................. 174.3 195.9 197.2 190.0 175.4 178.3 159.1 162.5 164.7 174.3 160.6 165.3 190.0 162.5 165.3

 Residual Fuel Oil (mmb) ............ 21.1 21.0 19.2 18.8 18.5 17.6 16.5 17.6 17.7 18.1 15.9 16.8 18.8 17.6 16.8

 Distillate Fuel Oil (mmb) ............ 17.1 17.6 17.9 17.8 17.3 17.0 17.1 17.6 17.0 17.2 17.2 17.7 17.8 17.6 17.7

 Petroleum Coke (mmb) ............. 3.6 3.8 4.8 7.0 5.8 5.4 5.5 5.1 5.1 4.9 5.0 4.7 7.0 5.1 4.7

- = no data available

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

Historical data: Latest data available from Energy Information Administration databases supporting the following reports: Electric Power Monthly , DOE/EIA-0226; and Electric Power 

Annual , DOE/EIA-0348.

Physical Units: mmst/d = million short tons per day; mmb/d = million barrels per day; bcf/d = billion cubic feet per day; mmb = million barrels.

Values of 0.00 may indicate positive levels of fuel consumption that are less than 0.005 units per day.

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

(c) Commercial and industrial sectors include electricity output from combined heat and power (CHP) facilities and some electric-only plants.

(b) Petroleum category may include petroleum coke, which is converted from short tons to barrels by multiplying by 5.

(a) Electric utilities and independent power producers.

Table 7e. U.S. Fuel Consumption for Electricity Generation by Sector

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Supply

 Hydroelectric Power (a) ............... 0.625 0.827 0.585 0.644 0.622 0.717 0.573 0.454 0.634 0.767 0.599 0.558 2.682 2.365 2.558

 Geothermal ................................. 0.094 0.091 0.093 0.096 0.093 0.094 0.097 0.098 0.099 0.097 0.100 0.100 0.373 0.382 0.396

 Solar ............................................. 0.026 0.028 0.028 0.026 0.026 0.029 0.030 0.027 0.028 0.032 0.033 0.028 0.109 0.112 0.121

 Wind ............................................. 0.184 0.186 0.141 0.188 0.194 0.255 0.183 0.212 0.251 0.314 0.258 0.297 0.699 0.844 1.120

 Wood ............................................ 0.458 0.452 0.490 0.490 0.478 0.477 0.520 0.495 0.479 0.457 0.501 0.489 1.891 1.970 1.927

 Ethanol (b) ..................................... 0.205 0.218 0.242 0.257 0.265 0.272 0.277 0.283 0.279 0.284 0.289 0.289 0.922 1.097 1.140

 Biodiesel (b) .................................. 0.013 0.011 0.017 0.023 0.013 0.011 0.017 0.023 0.022 0.025 0.026 0.025 0.064 0.065 0.098

 Other Renewables ....................... 0.112 0.111 0.113 0.111 0.107 0.112 0.123 0.115 0.109 0.118 0.126 0.118 0.447 0.457 0.471

 Total .......................................... 1.717 1.924 1.710 1.836 1.798 1.972 1.822 1.706 1.900 2.093 1.933 1.905 7.187 7.298 7.832

Consumption

 Electric Power Sector 

 Hydroelectric Power (a) ............ 0.622 0.824 0.584 0.641 0.618 0.713 0.569 0.449 0.629 0.762 0.595 0.554 2.671 2.350 2.540

 Geothermal .............................. 0.081 0.078 0.079 0.082 0.079 0.081 0.084 0.085 0.085 0.084 0.087 0.086 0.320 0.328 0.342

 Solar .......................................... 0.001 0.003 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.004 0.005 0.002 0.003 0.007 0.008 0.003 0.008 0.012 0.021

 Wind .......................................... 0.184 0.186 0.141 0.188 0.194 0.255 0.183 0.212 0.251 0.314 0.258 0.297 0.699 0.844 1.120

 Wood ......................................... 0.044 0.040 0.045 0.044 0.047 0.043 0.050 0.048 0.048 0.044 0.051 0.049 0.173 0.188 0.193

 Other Renewables .................... 0.063 0.064 0.064 0.062 0.060 0.063 0.066 0.065 0.065 0.068 0.071 0.069 0.253 0.253 0.272

 Subtotal .................................. 0.994 1.194 0.916 1.019 1.000 1.160 0.957 0.860 1.081 1.278 1.072 1.058 4.124 3.977 4.489

 Industrial Sector 

 Hydroelectric Power (a) ............ 0.005 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.018 0.018 0.017

 Geothermal .............................. 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.004 0.004 0.004

 Wood and Wood Waste ........... 0.291 0.287 0.319 0.320 0.308 0.307 0.342 0.322 0.304 0.287 0.322 0.315 1.217 1.279 1.228

 Other Renewables .................... 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.039 0.040 0.047 0.041 0.036 0.040 0.045 0.040 0.160 0.167 0.161

 Subtotal .................................. 0.340 0.337 0.367 0.369 0.357 0.357 0.398 0.372 0.350 0.337 0.376 0.364 1.413 1.484 1.427

 Commercial Sector 

 Hydroelectric Power (a) ............ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001

 Geothermal .............................. 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.017 0.017 0.017

 Wood and Wood Waste ........... 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.020 0.020 0.018 0.020 0.019 0.020 0.018 0.072 0.076 0.077

 Other Renewables .................... 0.009 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.009 0.010 0.009 0.008 0.009 0.010 0.009 0.034 0.037 0.037

 Subtotal .................................. 0.032 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.031 0.034 0.034 0.030 0.031 0.032 0.033 0.031 0.126 0.129 0.126

 Residential Sector 

 Geothermal .............................. 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.033 0.033 0.033

 Biomass ..................................... 0.106 0.107 0.108 0.108 0.106 0.108 0.107 0.107 0.107 0.107 0.107 0.107 0.430 0.428 0.429

 Solar .......................................... 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.101 0.100 0.100

 Subtotal .................................. 0.139 0.140 0.142 0.142 0.139 0.141 0.141 0.140 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.141 0.563 0.561 0.563

 Transportation Sector 

 Ethanol (b) .................................. 0.199 0.231 0.245 0.255 0.255 0.276 0.278 0.282 0.277 0.285 0.291 0.290 0.930 1.090 1.143

 Biodiesel (b) ............................... 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.018 0.012 0.010 0.013 0.021 0.020 0.023 0.024 0.023 0.047 0.057 0.090

 Total Consumption ........................ 1.704 1.938 1.712 1.830 1.788 1.973 1.817 1.703 1.897 2.092 1.933 1.904 7.185 7.282 7.827

(a) Conventional hydroelectric power only. Hydroelectricity generated by pumped storage is not included in renewable energy.

(b) Fuel ethanol and biodiesel supply represents domestic production only. Fuel ethanol and biodiesel consumption in the transportation sector includes production, stock change, and imports 

less exports. Some biodiesel may be consumed in the residential s

- = no data available

Table 8. U.S. Renewable Energy Supply and Consumption (Quadrillion Btu)

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

Historical data: Latest data available from EIA databases supporting the following reports: Electric Power Monthly , DOE/EIA-0226 and Renewable Energy Annual , DOE/EIA-0603; Petroleum 

Supply Monthly , DOE/EIA-0109. 

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Projections: Generated by simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Macroeconomic

Real Gross Domestic Product

 (billion chained 2005 dollars - SAAR) ....... 12,833 12,810 12,861 13,019 13,139 13,217 13,269 13,336 13,423 13,495 13,574 13,690 12,881 13,240 13,546

Real Disposable Personal Income

 (billion chained 2005 Dollars - SAAR) ....... 10,047 10,193 10,080 10,080 10,122 10,231 10,283 10,305 10,297 10,369 10,419 10,466 10,100 10,235 10,388

Real Fixed Investment

 (billion chained 2005 dollars-SAAR) ......... 1,663 1,620 1,622 1,617 1,631 1,703 1,692 1,720 1,756 1,795 1,836 1,881 1,631 1,687 1,817

Business Inventory Change

 (billion chained 2005 dollars-SAAR) ......... -30.99 -38.12 -32.62 -4.58 21.04 10.84 16.81 20.13 11.70 8.21 9.32 9.31 -26.58 17.21 9.63

Housing Stock

 (millions) ...................................................... 123.5 123.5 123.5 123.5 123.5 123.6 123.6 123.6 123.6 123.6 123.6 123.7 123.5 123.6 123.7

Non-Farm Employment

 (millions) ..................................................... 132.8 131.1 130.1 129.6 129.7 130.4 130.2 130.3 130.5 131.0 131.5 132.2 130.9 130.1 131.3

Commercial Employment

 (millions) ..................................................... 88.9 87.9 87.5 87.4 87.6 87.9 88.0 88.2 88.4 88.8 89.2 89.9 87.9 87.9 89.1

Industrial Production Indices (Index, 2007=100)

Total Industrial Production ............................ 88.2 85.9 87.6 89.1 90.6 92.1 93.0 93.3 93.8 94.5 95.2 96.0 87.7 92.3 94.9

Manufacturing ................................................ 85.2 83.3 85.5 87.0 88.5 90.2 91.1 91.8 92.7 93.7 94.8 95.9 85.2 90.4 94.3

Food ............................................................. 96.2 97.1 97.7 99.4 100.9 101.8 102.2 102.9 103.4 104.0 104.5 105.0 97.6 102.0 104.2

Paper ............................................................ 84.8 83.4 85.8 86.8 88.2 88.5 89.0 89.6 90.3 91.0 91.6 92.4 85.2 88.8 91.3

Chemicals ..................................................... 88.5 89.9 91.7 93.4 94.5 93.0 93.4 93.7 94.2 94.8 95.3 96.0 90.9 93.7 95.1

Petroleum ...................................................... 93.3 94.8 95.3 93.6 91.9 97.0 97.5 97.6 97.7 97.9 98.3 98.6 94.2 96.0 98.1

Stone, Clay, Glass ....................................... 74.7 73.4 75.5 72.3 71.9 75.5 75.6 75.6 76.1 77.1 78.2 79.8 74.0 74.6 77.8

Primary Metals .............................................. 63.2 59.2 69.6 77.1 82.8 85.9 89.1 90.3 91.0 91.9 92.7 93.9 67.3 87.1 92.4

Resins and Synthetic Products ..................... 80.9 83.5 84.4 85.4 87.1 83.9 84.4 84.4 84.4 84.8 85.0 85.6 83.6 84.9 85.0

Agricultural Chemicals .................................. 78.2 86.4 86.0 90.6 95.5 94.6 94.3 93.7 93.1 92.9 92.8 92.9 85.3 94.5 92.9

Natural Gas-weighted (a) ............................. 81.5 82.9 85.4 87.1 88.8 90.0 90.7 91.0 91.2 91.7 92.2 92.9 84.2 90.1 92.0

Price Indexes

Consumer Price Index (all urban consumers)

 (index, 1982-1984=1.00) ............................. 2.12 2.13 2.15 2.17 2.18 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.20 2.21 2.23 2.15 2.18 2.21

Producer Price Index: All Commodities

 (index, 1982=1.00) ...................................... 1.72 1.70 1.71 1.79 1.85 1.83 1.83 1.84 1.85 1.84 1.85 1.87 1.73 1.84 1.85

Producer Price Index: Petroleum

 (index, 1982=1.00) ...................................... 1.37 1.69 1.93 2.02 2.17 2.26 2.13 2.12 2.23 2.35 2.37 2.34 1.76 2.17 2.32

GDP Implicit Price Deflator

 (index, 2005=100) ....................................... 109.5 109.6 109.8 109.7 110.0 110.5 110.7 110.9 111.5 111.6 111.9 112.5 109.6 110.5 111.9

Miscellaneous

Vehicle Miles Traveled (b)

 (million miles/day) ....................................... 7,718 8,505 8,423 7,999 7,662 8,574 8,486 8,075 7,768 8,608 8,544 8,110 8,163 8,201 8,259

Air Travel Capacity

 (Available ton-miles/day, thousands) ......... 494 513 518 498 492 521 518 498 505 525 524 506 506 507 515

Aircraft Utilization

 (Revenue ton-miles/day, thousands) .......... 275 305 319 303 294 320 320 304 304 329 326 309 301 310 317

Airline Ticket Price Index

 (index, 1982-1984=100) .............................. 252.7 249.8 260.6 268.8 266.4 282.0 284.2 278.8 281.1 293.3 297.7 288.8 258.0 277.8 290.2

Raw Steel Production

 (million short tons per day) ......................... 0.146 0.153 0.186 0.214 0.234 0.253 0.251 0.259 0.260 0.272 0.276 0.267 0.175 0.249 0.269

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions (million metric tons)

Petroleum ...................................................... 583 573 576 580 567 583 591 587 580 588 590 587 2,312 2,329 2,345

Natural Gas ................................................... 385 255 265 316 402 269 280 322 395 269 280 322 1,220 1,273 1,266

Coal ............................................................... 477 432 485 473 496 456 550 492 506 464 539 495 1,867 1,994 2,004

Total Fossil Fuels .......................................... 1,444 1,260 1,326 1,369 1,466 1,307 1,421 1,401 1,481 1,321 1,409 1,405 5,399 5,595 5,615

Projections: Macroeconomic projections are based on the Global Insight Model of the U.S. Economy and Regional Economic Information and simulation of the EIA Regional Short-Term Energy Model.

and Federal Aviation Administration.

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

Historical data: Latest data available from U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis; Federal Reserve System, Statistical release G17; Federal Highway Administration;

- = no data available

(a) Natural gas share weights of individual sector indices based on EIA Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey, 2002.

(b) Total highway travel includes gasoline and diesel fuel vehicles.

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

Table 9a. U.S. Macroeconomic Indicators and CO2 Emissions

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010 2011 Year
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Real Gross State Product (Billion $2005)

 New England ............... 619 619 622 629 635 639 641 644 648 651 654 659 622 640 653

 Middle Atlantic ............. 1,740 1,741 1,751 1,769 1,786 1,797 1,803 1,812 1,823 1,831 1,840 1,856 1,750 1,799 1,838

 E. N. Central ............... 1,563 1,557 1,562 1,581 1,592 1,601 1,608 1,616 1,626 1,631 1,639 1,652 1,566 1,604 1,637

 W. N. Central .............. 719 720 724 732 738 742 744 747 752 755 759 765 724 743 758

 S. Atlantic .................... 2,020 2,018 2,027 2,052 2,072 2,086 2,094 2,105 2,120 2,133 2,147 2,167 2,029 2,089 2,142

 E. S. Central ................ 526 525 526 532 537 540 542 544 547 550 553 558 527 541 552

 W. S. Central .............. 1,214 1,213 1,220 1,240 1,253 1,260 1,267 1,273 1,282 1,291 1,301 1,313 1,222 1,263 1,297

 Mountain ..................... 727 723 725 735 740 743 746 750 756 760 765 772 728 745 763

 Pacific ......................... 1,952 1,946 1,949 1,972 1,992 2,004 2,013 2,024 2,038 2,050 2,063 2,080 1,955 2,008 2,058

Industrial Output, Manufacturing (Index, Year 2007=100)

 New England ............... 86.8 85.7 88.2 89.8 91.1 92.8 93.7 94.2 95.0 95.9 96.8 97.5 87.6 93.0 96.3

 Middle Atlantic ............. 85.9 84.5 86.7 88.2 89.1 90.8 91.7 92.6 93.5 94.5 95.5 96.6 86.3 91.1 95.0

 E. N. Central ............... 82.0 79.1 81.7 83.2 85.1 87.6 88.5 89.4 90.2 91.1 92.1 93.1 81.5 87.7 91.6

 W. N. Central .............. 88.0 85.7 87.9 89.9 91.6 93.6 94.7 95.5 96.3 97.2 98.1 99.1 87.9 93.8 97.7

 S. Atlantic .................... 83.5 81.9 83.8 84.9 85.9 87.2 88.0 88.6 89.3 90.2 91.1 92.1 83.6 87.4 90.7

 E. S. Central ................ 82.3 80.4 82.8 84.5 85.8 87.6 88.6 89.5 90.3 91.4 92.8 94.3 82.5 87.9 92.2

 W. S. Central .............. 88.8 86.9 88.7 90.6 92.2 94.6 95.5 96.0 96.8 97.9 99.2 100.5 88.7 94.6 98.6

 Mountain ..................... 84.7 83.3 85.5 86.8 87.6 89.4 90.1 90.9 92.2 93.4 94.5 95.5 85.1 89.5 93.9

 Pacific ......................... 86.8 85.4 87.5 88.8 90.7 91.7 92.3 93.0 94.1 95.4 96.5 97.6 87.1 91.9 95.9

Real Personal Income (Billion $2005)

 New England ............... 573 578 574 572 574 580 583 584 585 588 591 593 574 580 589

 Middle Atlantic ............. 1,524 1,553 1,536 1,536 1,541 1,561 1,565 1,569 1,573 1,583 1,591 1,598 1,537 1,559 1,586

 E. N. Central ............... 1,415 1,422 1,407 1,407 1,412 1,419 1,427 1,428 1,427 1,434 1,438 1,440 1,413 1,422 1,435

 W. N. Central .............. 643 644 637 639 642 646 650 651 652 656 659 660 641 647 657

 S. Atlantic .................... 1,872 1,879 1,860 1,860 1,870 1,887 1,898 1,903 1,909 1,922 1,933 1,944 1,868 1,889 1,927

 E. S. Central ................ 494 499 493 493 498 504 506 507 508 511 514 516 495 504 512

 W. S. Central .............. 1,072 1,069 1,060 1,056 1,064 1,077 1,087 1,091 1,095 1,104 1,111 1,119 1,064 1,080 1,107

 Mountain ..................... 657 654 647 647 649 657 660 661 662 667 671 674 651 657 669

 Pacific ......................... 1,723 1,719 1,699 1,697 1,705 1,721 1,732 1,739 1,745 1,758 1,768 1,777 1,710 1,724 1,762

Households (Thousands)

 New England ............... 5,491 5,495 5,500 5,506 5,516 5,530 5,540 5,548 5,558 5,571 5,583 5,594 5,506 5,548 5,594

 Middle Atlantic ............. 15,199 15,210 15,224 15,239 15,262 15,299 15,320 15,338 15,359 15,387 15,415 15,437 15,239 15,338 15,437

 E. N. Central ............... 17,747 17,735 17,727 17,721 17,741 17,780 17,801 17,824 17,867 17,903 17,942 17,992 17,721 17,824 17,992

 W. N. Central .............. 8,068 8,080 8,094 8,108 8,122 8,146 8,163 8,183 8,205 8,231 8,258 8,283 8,108 8,183 8,283

 S. Atlantic .................... 22,221 22,252 22,297 22,350 22,432 22,526 22,605 22,682 22,767 22,862 22,960 23,048 22,350 22,682 23,048

 E. S. Central ................ 7,046 7,055 7,066 7,078 7,094 7,114 7,138 7,161 7,179 7,200 7,221 7,247 7,078 7,161 7,247

 W. S. Central .............. 12,672 12,711 12,751 12,789 12,841 12,900 12,949 12,998 13,050 13,109 13,168 13,222 12,789 12,998 13,222

 Mountain ..................... 7,894 7,909 7,927 7,946 7,972 8,011 8,045 8,076 8,111 8,154 8,194 8,235 7,946 8,076 8,235

 Pacific ......................... 16,865 16,886 16,918 16,957 17,020 17,094 17,152 17,201 17,257 17,320 17,381 17,437 16,957 17,201 17,437

Total Non-farm Employment (Millions)

 New England ............... 6.9 6.8 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.8 6.8 6.7 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.8

 Middle Atlantic ............. 18.2 18.1 18.0 17.9 17.9 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.2 18.1 18.0 18.1

 E. N. Central ............... 20.5 20.2 20.0 19.9 19.9 20.1 20.1 20.1 20.1 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.2 20.0 20.2

 W. N. Central .............. 10.0 9.9 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 10.0 9.9 9.8 9.9

 S. Atlantic .................... 25.2 25.0 24.8 24.7 24.7 24.8 24.8 24.8 24.8 24.9 25.0 25.2 24.9 24.8 25.0

 E. S. Central ................ 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.4

 W. S. Central .............. 15.1 14.9 14.8 14.8 14.8 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 14.9 14.9 15.1

 Mountain ..................... 9.3 9.2 9.1 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.1 9.2 9.2 9.0 9.1

 Pacific ......................... 19.8 19.5 19.3 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.2 19.3 19.4 19.5 19.6 19.4 19.2 19.4

Table 9b. U.S. Regional Macroeconomic Data

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 2010

Projections: Macroeconomic projections are based on the Global Insight Model of the U.S. Economy.

Regions refer to U.S. Census divisions. 

Historical data: Latest data available from U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis; Federal Reserve System, Statistical release G17.

2011 Year

- = no data available

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

See "Census division" in EIA’s Energy Glossary (http://www.eia.doe.gov/glossary/index.html) for a list of States in each region.

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 2009 2010 2011

Heating Degree-days

 New England ................ 3,379 861 188 2,219 2,937 688 170 2,233 3,218 930 180 2,239 6,646 6,028 6,567

 Middle Atlantic .............. 3,032 662 119 1,986 2,798 500 110 2,042 2,967 752 124 2,040 5,800 5,450 5,883

 E. N. Central ................. 3,337 764 157 2,283 3,189 539 131 2,298 3,222 798 156 2,286 6,542 6,157 6,462

 W. N. Central ................ 3,345 765 175 2,551 3,460 571 148 2,484 3,316 728 183 2,481 6,835 6,664 6,708

 South Atlantic ............... 1,588 215 20 1,056 1,788 158 24 1,056 1,513 247 25 1,042 2,880 3,026 2,827

 E. S. Central ................. 1,868 271 18 1,433 2,277 182 31 1,366 1,857 298 33 1,353 3,589 3,857 3,541

 W. S. Central ................ 1,087 112 9 1,004 1,588 101 7 836 1,166 104 9 876 2,212 2,532 2,155

 Mountain ....................... 2,135 688 131 2,062 2,322 765 146 1,905 2,291 719 172 1,940 5,016 5,138 5,122

 Pacific ........................... 1,429 491 52 1,177 1,329 674 83 1,145 1,435 562 107 1,139 3,150 3,231 3,243

 U.S. Average ............ 2,257 502 86 1,648 2,301 436 86 1,617 2,224 541 100 1,616 4,494 4,440 4,481

Heating Degree-days, 30-year Normal (a)

 New England ................ 3,219 930 190 2,272 3,219 930 190 2,272 3,219 930 190 2,272 6,611 6,611 6,611

 Middle Atlantic .............. 2,968 752 127 2,064 2,968 752 127 2,064 2,968 752 127 2,064 5,911 5,911 5,911

 E. N. Central ................. 3,227 798 156 2,316 3,227 798 156 2,316 3,227 798 156 2,316 6,497 6,497 6,497

 W. N. Central ................ 3,326 729 183 2,512 3,326 729 183 2,512 3,326 729 183 2,512 6,750 6,750 6,750

 South Atlantic ............... 1,523 247 25 1,058 1,523 247 25 1,058 1,523 247 25 1,058 2,853 2,853 2,853

 E. S. Central ................. 1,895 299 33 1,377 1,895 299 33 1,377 1,895 299 33 1,377 3,604 3,604 3,604

 W. S. Central ................ 1,270 112 9 896 1,270 112 9 896 1,270 112 9 896 2,287 2,287 2,287

 Mountain ....................... 2,321 741 183 1,964 2,321 741 183 1,964 2,321 741 183 1,964 5,209 5,209 5,209

 Pacific ........................... 1,419 556 108 1,145 1,419 556 108 1,145 1,419 556 108 1,145 3,228 3,228 3,228

 U.S. Average ............ 2,242 543 101 1,638 2,242 543 101 1,638 2,242 543 101 1,638 4,524 4,524 4,524

Cooling Degree-days

 New England ................ 0 35 328 0 0 139 481 0 0 69 357 0 363 620 426

 Middle Atlantic .............. 0 109 478 0 0 242 677 5 0 140 517 5 586 924 662

 E. N. Central ................. 1 190 355 0 0 268 660 8 1 197 502 8 546 935 708

 W. N. Central ................ 2 251 467 0 0 329 760 13 3 263 650 12 721 1,102 928

 South Atlantic ............... 85 630 1,080 229 37 782 1,232 208 113 569 1,084 213 2,025 2,260 1,979

 E. S. Central ................. 26 529 902 38 1 685 1,199 62 33 458 1,000 63 1,496 1,947 1,554

 W. S. Central ................ 97 865 1,461 146 20 953 1,540 190 93 791 1,421 177 2,569 2,703 2,482

 Mountain ....................... 22 429 986 65 7 337 913 70 15 390 846 67 1,503 1,327 1,318

 Pacific ........................... 9 181 663 31 2 79 542 42 7 151 513 41 884 665 712

 U.S. Average ............ 31 367 759 70 10 434 898 79 37 345 774 77 1,228 1,420 1,233

Cooling Degree-days, 30-year Normal (a)

 New England ................ 0 81 361 1 0 81 361 1 0 81 361 1 443 443 443

 Middle Atlantic .............. 0 151 508 7 0 151 508 7 0 151 508 7 666 666 666

 E. N. Central ................. 1 208 511 10 1 208 511 10 1 208 511 10 730 730 730

 W. N. Central ................ 3 270 661 14 3 270 661 14 3 270 661 14 948 948 948

 South Atlantic ............... 113 576 1,081 213 113 576 1,081 213 113 576 1,081 213 1,983 1,983 1,983

 E. S. Central ................. 29 469 1,002 66 29 469 1,002 66 29 469 1,002 66 1,566 1,566 1,566

 W. S. Central ................ 80 790 1,424 185 80 790 1,424 185 80 790 1,424 185 2,479 2,479 2,479

 Mountain ....................... 17 383 839 68 17 383 839 68 17 383 839 68 1,307 1,307 1,307

 Pacific ........................... 10 171 526 49 10 171 526 49 10 171 526 49 756 756 756

 U.S. Average ............ 34 353 775 80 34 353 775 80 34 353 775 80 1,242 1,242 1,242

Projections: Based on forecasts by the NOAA Climate Prediction Center.

Notes: The approximate break between historical and forecast values is shown with historical data printed in bold; estimates and forecasts in italics.

See "Census division" in EIA’s Energy Glossary (http://www.eia.doe.gov/glossary/index.html) for a list of States in each region.

2010 2011

- = no data available

Historical data: Latest data available from U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA).

Minor discrepancies with published historical data are due to independent rounding. 

(a) 30-year normal represents average over 1971 - 2000, reported by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

Regions refer to U.S. Census divisions. 

Table 9c. U.S. Regional Weather Data

Energy Information Administration/Short-Term Energy Outlook - September 2010

2009 Year