# U ni te d S ta te s Co ur t of A pp ea ls For the Eig hth Circu it

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No. 1 5- 31 88

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _ Carl Lee Ri ch ard so n

ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l Peti ti on er

v.

Uni te d S ta te s o f Am eri ca

ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l Resp on de nt

__ __ __ __ __ __ App eal fro m

Uni te d S ta te s Di st ric t Co ur t fo r th e Dis tri ct of M in ne so ta - Mi nn eap ol is

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Su bm it te d: Nov em

be r 24 , 20 15 Fil ed : Dec em

be r 16 , 20 15 [Un pu bl is he d]

__ __ __ __ __ __ Befo re MUR PHY, COLLOTO N, and SHEPHERD, Circ ui t J ud ge s.

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PER CURI AM

Carl Ri ch ard so n m ov es fo r au th or iz at io n to fil e a su cces si ve m ot io n to va cat e,

se t as id e, or co rrec t hi s se nt en ce un de r 28 U.S.C. § 22 55

. Ri ch ard so n se ek s to pr es en t

ne w c la im s ba se d on Jo hn so n v. U n i t e d St at es , 1 35 S. Ct . 2 55 1 (2 01 5) , wh ic h he ld th at th e res id ua l cl au se of 18 U.S.C. § 92 4( e)(2 )(B) (ii ) is un co ns ti tu ti on al l y v a g u e

. He a s se rts th at th e se nt en ce im po se d by t he di st ric t co ur t in hi s cas e, in rel ia nc e onth e res id ua l cl au se , ex ceed s th e st at ut or y m ax i mu m pe na lt y in li gh t of Jo hn so n.

Fu rth er, Ri ch ard so n co nt en ds th at Jo hn so n ap pl ie s to th e di st ric t co ur t fin di ng s th at he was a care er of

fen de r an d arm ed care er of fen de r fo r pu rp os es of U.S.S.G. §§ 4B 1.1

an d 4 B1 .4(b )(3 )(B)

.

The go ve rn m en t co nc e d e s th at Jo hn so n m ay ap pl y ret ro act iv el y in co ll at eral
pr oc eed in gs to Ri ch ard so n’s § 92 4( e) clai m , an d th at Ri ch ard so n m ay be en ti tl ed to rel ie f un de r th at cas e. The g ov ern m en t s ta te s h owe ve r th at Jo hn so n do es no t app ly

to se nt en ci ng gu id el in es cl ai m s on co l l a t e r a l r ev ie w an d as ks th at th e m ot io n be de ni ed to th e ex te nt th at it ch al le ng es th e se nt en ci ng gu id el in es cal cu la ti on s.

W e acce pt th e go ve rn m en t’s co nc es si on of ret ro act iv it y of a ne w Su p r em e Co ur t ru le as a su ffi ci en t pr ima fa ci e sh owi ng to al lo w a se co nd or su cces si ve § 22 55
pe ti ti on

. W

oo ds v. Uni te d St at es , No. 15 -3 53 1, 20 15 W L 73 51 93 9 (8 th Ci r. Nov

. 20
, 20 15 ) (p er cu ria m ).

H o w e v e r, th e go ve rn m en t ha s no t co nc ed ed th at th e ru le in Jo hn so n wou l d im pa ct Ri ch ard so n’s se nt en ci ng gu id el in es cal cu la ti on s, an d we co nc lu de th at he ha s

no t m ad e th e req ui si te pr ima fa ci e sh owi ng u n d e r § 22 55 (h )(2 ) wit h res pe ct to th is cl ai m , as an y ex te ns io n of th e ru le in Jo hn so n wo u ld no t be a ne w su bs ta nt iv e ru le

un de r Tea gu e v. La ne , 48 9 U.S. 2 88 (19 89 ).

Acco rd in gl y , th e m ot io n fo r au th or iz at io n wit h res pe ct to Ri ch ard so n’s § 92 4( e) cl ai m is gr an te d. Howev er, th e m ot io n fo r au th or iz at io n is de ni ed t o th e

ex te nt th at it see ks to ch al le ng e h is sen te nc in g g ui de li ne s ca lc ul at io ns

.

COLLOTON, Ci rcu it Ju dg e, co nc ur rin g.

Thi s pa ne l is co ns tra in e d b y ci rcu it pr eced en t, W oo ds v. Uni te d St at es , 80 5 F.3 d 11 52 (8 th Ci r. 20 15 ) (p er c u ria m ), to gr an t Carl Ri ch ard so n’s m ot io n fo r

-2

-au th or iz at io n to fil e a su cces si ve m ot io n ch al le ng in g hi s st at us a s a n a r m ed care er

cri m in al un de r 18 U.S.C. § 92 4( e) ba se d on Jo hn so n v. Uni te d St at es , 13 5 S. Ct

. 25 51 (2 01 5)

. Afte r th e m ot io n is fil ed
, ho wev er, th e di st ric t co ur t “ m us t no t de fer” to th is

co ur t’s “ pr el im in ary de te rm in at io n” in gr an ti ng au th or iz at io n. Ka mil Jo hn so n v. Uni te d St at es , 72 0 F.3 d 72 0, 72 1 (8 th Ci r. 20 13 ) (p er cu ria m ) (in te rn al qu ot at io n

om it te d)

. Tha t ad m on it io n is pa rti cu la rly ap pr op ria te he re , b e c a u se W oo ds rel ie d

ex cl us iv el y on a co nc es si on by th e go ve rn m en t an d co nd uc te d no an al y si s of whe th er th e Su pr em e Co ur t’s re c e n t d e c i si on in Jo hn so n an no un ced “ a ne w ru le of

co ns t i t u t i o na l la w, m ad e ret ro act iv e to cas es on co ll at eral rev ie w by th e Su pr em e Co ur t.” 28 U.S.C. § 22 55 (h ). Thre e ci rcu it s ha ve co nc lu de d th at m ov an ts rel y in g on Jo hn so n fai le d to m ak e e v e n a pr ima fa ci e sh owi ng th at th e st at ut or y req ui rem en ts

are sa ti sf ie d. Se e In re W

il li a m s , 8 0 6 F.3 d 32 2, 32 5- 26 (5 th Ci r. 20 15 ); In re Gies wei n , 80 2 F.3 d 11 43
, 11 47 (1 0t h Ci r. 20 15 ) (p er cu ria m ); In re Rive ro , 79 7 F.3 d
98 6, 98 9- 90 (1 1t h Ci r. 20 15 ) (p er curi am ). But se e Pri ce v. Uni te d St at es , 79 5 F.3 d
73 1, 7 34 (7t h C ir. 2 01 5)

.

The di st ric t co ur t— un en cu m be red by th e “ st rin ge nt ti m e li m it ” th at ap pl ie s to th e co ur t o f ap pe al s, se e Tyl er v. Ca in , 53 3 U.S. 6 56 , 66 4 (2 00 1) —s ho ul d g iv e d ue

co ns id erat io n to th e v ie ws o f th e ot he r ci rcu it co ur ts

. The di st ric t cou rt als o sh ou ld

co ns id er whe th er Ri ch ar d s o n ’s pr io r co nv ic ti on s qu al ify as vi ol en t fel on ie s un de r

su bs ect io ns of § 92 4( e) ot he r th an th e res id ua l cl au se

. The go ve rn m en t’s po si ti on is

no t co nc lu si ve , se e Uni te d St at es v. Daw n , 6 8 5 F

. 3 d 79 0, 79 5 (8 th Ci r. 20 12 ), an d

“ th e di st ric t co ur t m

us t di sm is s th e m ot io n th at we ha ve al lo wed th e ap pl ic an t to fil e, wit ho ut reac hi ng th e m eri ts of th e m ot io n, i f th e co ur t fin ds th at th e m ov an t has no t

sa ti sf ie d th e req ui rem en ts fo r th e fil in g of su ch a m ot io n.” Ka mil Jo hn so n , 72 0 F.3 d

at 72 1 (in te rn al qu ot at io n om it te d)

. Se e Men te er v. Uni te d St at es , No. 15 -3 09 0, 20 15
W L 77 83 65 3 (8 th Cir . Dec. 3, 2 01 5)

.

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