At-the-Market Equity Offering Sales Agreement



 Exhibit 10.39 
 ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 
 Common Stock 

($0.0001 par value per share) 
 AT-THE-MARKET EQUITY OFFERING SALES AGREEMENT 
 February 28, 2011

 STIFEL, NICOLAUS & COMPANY, INCORPORATED 
 One South Street, 15th Floor 
 Baltimore, Maryland 21202 
 Ladies and Gentlemen: 
 Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation
(the “Company”), proposes, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein, to issue and sell from time to time to or through Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated (“Stifel Nicolaus”), as sales agent and/or
principal (“Agent”), shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, $0.0001 par value per share (the “Common Stock”), having an aggregate offering price of up to $25,000,000 on the
terms set forth in Section 2 of this Sales Agreement (the “Agreement”). The Company agrees that whenever it determines to sell Shares directly to the Agent as principal, it will enter into a separate agreement (each, a
“Terms Agreement”) in substantially the form of Annex I hereto, relating to such sale in accordance with Section 3 of this Agreement. 
 Section 1. Representations and Warranties. The Company represents and warrants to the Agent that as of the date of this Agreement, any applicable Registration Statement Amendment Date (as
defined in Section 3 below), each Company Periodic Report Date (as defined in Section 3 below), each Applicable Time (as defined in Section 1(a) below) and each Settlement Date (as defined in Section 2 below): 

(a) Compliance with Registration Requirements. The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
“Commission”) a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), on Form S-3 (File No. 333-156665), in respect of the Company’s Common Stock (including the Shares)
(collectively, the “Securities”) not earlier than three years prior to the date hereof; such registration statement, and any post-effective amendment thereto, has become effective; and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of
such registration statement or any part thereof has been issued and no proceeding for that purpose has been initiated or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened by the Commission (the base prospectus filed as part of such registration
statement, in the form in which it has most recently been filed with the Commission on or prior to the date of this Agreement, is hereinafter called the “Basic Prospectus”; the various parts of such registration statement, including
all exhibits thereto and any prospectus supplement or prospectus relating to the Shares that is filed with the Commission and deemed by virtue of Rule 430B under the 1933 

  
 1 








 
Act to be part of such registration statement, each as amended at the time such part of the registration statement became effective, are hereinafter collectively called the “Registration
Statement”; the prospectus supplement specifically relating to the Shares prepared and filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the 1933 Act is hereinafter called the “Prospectus Supplement”; the Basic
Prospectus, as amended and supplemented by the Prospectus Supplement, is hereinafter called the “Prospectus”; any reference herein to the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and
include the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act; any reference to any amendment or supplement to the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus shall be deemed to
refer to and include any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, any prospectus supplement or prospectus relating to the Shares filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the 1933 Act and any documents filed under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), and incorporated therein, in each case after the date of the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus, as the case may be; any reference to any
amendment to the Registration Statement shall be deemed to refer to and include any annual report of the Company filed pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the 1934 Act after the effective date of the Registration Statement that is
incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement; and any “issuer free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 433 under the 1933 Act relating to the Shares is hereinafter called an “Issuer Free Writing Prospectus”).

 No order preventing or suspending the use of the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement, the Prospectus or any Issuer
Free Writing Prospectus has been issued by the Commission, and the Basic Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, at the time of filing thereof, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the 1933 Act and the rules and regulations of
the Commission thereunder (the “1933 Act Regulations”) and did not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the
light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. 
 For the purposes of this Agreement, the
“Applicable Time” means, with respect to any Shares, the time of sale of such Shares pursuant to this Agreement. The Prospectus and the applicable Issuer Free Writing Prospectus(es) issued at or prior to such Applicable Time, taken
together (collectively, and, with respect to any Shares, together with the public offering price of such Shares, the “General Disclosure Package”) as of each Applicable Time and each Settlement Date, will not include any untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and each applicable Issuer Free Writing Prospectus will
not conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus and each such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, as supplemented by and taken together with the General Disclosure Package as of
such Applicable Time, will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading.


  
 2 








 (b) Incorporation of Documents by Reference. The documents incorporated or deemed to
be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, when they became effective or were filed with the Commission, as the case may be, complied in all material respects with the requirements of the 1934 Act and the 1934 Act
Regulations, and, when read together with the other information in the Prospectus, (a) at the time the Registration Statement became effective, (b) at the time the Prospectus was issued and (c) on the date of this Agreement, did not
contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. 

(c) Independent Accountants. The accountants who certified the financial statements and supporting schedules included in the
Registration Statement are an independent registered public accounting firm with respect to the Company as required by the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations. 
 (d) Financial Statements. The financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, together with the related
schedules and notes, present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at the dates indicated and the statement of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows of the Company for the periods specified; said
financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved. The supporting schedules, if any,
present fairly, in all material respects, in accordance with GAAP the information required to be stated therein. The selected financial data and the summary financial information included in the Prospectus present fairly, in all material respects,
the information shown therein and have been compiled on a basis consistent with that of the audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement. All disclosures contained in the Registration Statement,
the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, or incorporated by reference therein, regarding “non-GAAP financial measures” (as such term is defined by the rules and regulations of the Commission) comply with Regulation G of the 1934
Act and Item 10 of Regulation S-K of the 1933 Act, to the extent applicable, in all material respects. 
 (e) No
Material Adverse Change in Business. Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, except as otherwise stated therein, (A) there has been no
material adverse change, in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company (a “Material Adverse Effect”), (B) there have been no transactions entered into by the
Company, other than those in the ordinary course of business, which are material with respect to the Company, and (C) there has been no dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made by the Company on any class of its capital
stock. 
 (f) Good Standing of the Company. The Company has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation
in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and has corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectus and to enter into and perform its


  
 3 








 
obligations under this Agreement; and the Company is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each other jurisdiction in which such qualification is
required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except where the failure so to qualify or to be in good standing would not have a Material Adverse Effect. 

(g) Subsidiaries. The Company does not have any subsidiaries. 

(h) Capitalization. The shares of issued and outstanding Common Stock have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully
paid and non-assessable; none of the outstanding shares of capital stock was issued in violation of the preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of the Company. The Company’s Common Stock has been registered pursuant to
Section 12(b) of the 1934 Act and is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market (“Nasdaq”), and the Company has taken no action designed to, or likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock or delisting
the Common Stock from the Nasdaq, nor has the Company received any written notification that the Commission or the Nasdaq is contemplating terminating such registration or effecting such delisting. 

(i) Authorization of Agreements. This Agreement has been, and any Terms Agreement will be, duly authorized by the Company. This
Agreement has been, and any Terms Agreement will be, executed and delivered by the Company. 
 (j) Authorization and
Description of Securities. The Shares have been duly authorized and reserved for issuance and sale pursuant to this Agreement and, when issued and delivered by the Company pursuant to this Agreement or any Terms Agreement against payment of the
consideration set forth herein, will be validly issued and fully paid and non-assessable; the Common Stock conforms to the description thereof contained in the Prospectus and such description conforms to the rights set forth in the instruments
defining the same; no holder of the Shares will be subject to personal liability by reason of being such a holder; and the issuance of the Shares is not subject to the preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of the Company.

 (k) Absence of Defaults and Conflicts. (A) the Company is not in violation of its charter or by-laws or in
default in the performance or observance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan or credit agreement, note, lease or other agreement or instrument to which the Company
is a party or to which any of the property or assets of the Company is subject (collectively, “Agreements and Instruments”), except for such violations or defaults that would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material
Adverse Effect; and (B)(i) the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement or of any Terms Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated herein or in any Terms Agreement and the consummation of the transactions
contemplated herein or in any Terms Agreement and in the Registration Statement (including the issuance and sale of the Shares and the use of the proceeds from the sale of the Shares as described in the Prospectus under the caption “Use of
Proceeds”) and compliance by the Company with its obligations hereunder have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and do not and will not, whether with or without the giving of notice or passage of time or


  
 4 








 
both, conflict with or constitute a breach of, or default or Repayment Event (as defined below) under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property
or assets of the Company pursuant to, the Agreements and Instruments, (ii) nor will such action result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws of the Company, (iii) nor will such action result in any violation of any
applicable law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree of any government, government instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its assets, properties or operations. As used
herein, a “Repayment Event” means any event or condition which gives the holder of any note, debenture or other evidence of indebtedness (or any person acting on such holder’s behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption or
repayment of all or a portion of such indebtedness by the Company. 
 (l) Absence of Labor Dispute. No labor dispute with
the employees of the Company exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent, in either case, and the Company is not aware of any existing or imminent labor disturbance by its employees principal suppliers, manufacturers, customers or
contractors which would have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 (m) Absence of Proceedings. There is no action, suit,
proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or brought by any court or governmental agency or body, domestic or foreign, now pending, or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, against or affecting the Company, which is required to be
disclosed in the Registration Statement (other than as disclosed therein), or which, individually or in the aggregate, if determined adversely to the Company, would have a Material Adverse Effect, or materially and adversely affect the
Company’s ability to consummate the transactions contemplated in this Agreement or any Terms Agreement or perform its obligations hereunder or thereunder. 
 (n) Accuracy of Exhibits. There are no contracts or documents which are required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits thereto which have not
been so described or filed as required. 
 (o) Possession of Intellectual Property. Except as set forth in the
Registration Statement or the Prospectus, (A) the Company owns or possesses, or can acquire on reasonable terms, adequate patents, patent rights, licenses, inventions, copyrights, know-how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or
unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures), trademarks, service marks, trade names or other intellectual property (collectively, “Intellectual Property”) necessary to carry on the business as
described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, except to the extent that the failure to own or possess adequate rights to such Intellectual Property would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; and
(B) the Company has not received any written notice of any infringement of or conflict with asserted rights of others with respect to any Intellectual Property or of any facts or circumstances which would render any Intellectual Property
invalid or inadequate to protect the interest of the Company therein. 
 (p) Absence of Further Requirements. No filing
with, or authorization, approval, consent, license, order, registration, qualification or decree of, any court or governmental authority or agency is necessary or required for the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder, in
connection with the offering, issuance or sale of the Shares hereunder 

  
 5 








 
or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any Terms Agreement, except such as have been already obtained or as may be required by Nasdaq, the Financial Industry
Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”), or under the 1933 Act, the 1933 Act Regulations, the 1934 Act, or applicable state securities laws. 
 (q) Absence of Manipulation. Neither the Company nor any affiliate of the Company has taken, nor will the Company take, directly or indirectly, any action which is designed to stabilize or
manipulate, or which has constituted or which would cause or result in stabilization or manipulation of, the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares. 

(r) Possession of Licenses and Permits. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, the Company possesses
such permits, licenses, approvals, consents and other authorizations (collectively, “Governmental Licenses”) issued by the appropriate federal, state or local regulatory agencies or bodies necessary to conduct the business as
described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus; all of the Governmental Licenses are valid and in full force and effect and the Company is in material compliance with the terms and conditions of all such Government Licenses; and the
Company has not received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such Governmental Licenses, except where the failure to possess valid Governmental Licenses would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a
Material Adverse Effect. 
 (s) Title to Property. The Company has good and marketable title to all real and personal
property owned by the Company and material to the business of the Company taken as a whole, in each case free and clear of all mortgages, pledges, liens, security interests, claims, restrictions or encumbrances of any kind except such as
(a) are described in the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus or (b) do not, singly or in the aggregate, materially affect the value of such property and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property
by the Company; and all of the leases and subleases material to the business of the Company and under which the Company holds properties described in the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, are in full force and effect, and the Company
has not received any written notice of any material claim of any sort that has been asserted by anyone adverse to the rights of the Company under any of the leases or subleases mentioned above, or affecting or questioning the rights of the Company
to the continued possession of the leased or subleased premises under any such lease or sublease. 
 (t) Investment Company
Act. The Company is not required, and upon the issuance and sale of the Shares as herein contemplated and the application of the net proceeds therefrom as described in the Prospectus will not be required, to register as an “investment
company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). 
 (u)
Environmental Laws. Except as described in the Registration Statement or Prospectus and except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect, (A) the Company is not in violation of any federal, state or
local statute, law, rule, regulation, ordinance, code, policy or rule of common law or any judicial or administrative interpretation thereof, including any judicial or administrative order, consent, decree or judgment, relating to pollution or
protection of human health, the environment (including, 

  
 6 








 
without limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) or wildlife, including, without limitation, laws and regulations relating to the release or
threatened release of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, wastes, toxic substances, hazardous substances, petroleum or petroleum products, asbestos-containing materials or mold (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) or to the
manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials (collectively, “Environmental Laws”), (B) the Company has all permits, authorizations and approvals required
under any applicable Environmental Laws and are each in compliance with their requirements, (C) there are no pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened administrative, regulatory or judicial actions, suits, demands, demand letters,
claims, liens, notices of noncompliance or violation, investigation or proceedings relating to any Environmental Law against the Company and (D) there are no events or circumstances that would reasonably be expected to form the basis of an
order for clean-up or remediation, or an action, suit or proceeding by any private party or governmental body or agency, against or affecting the Company relating to Hazardous Materials or any Environmental Laws. 

(v) Registration Rights. Except as described in the Prospectus, there are no persons with registrations rights or other similar
rights to have any securities registered pursuant to the Registration Statement or to otherwise require registration of securities by the Company under the 1933 Act. 
 (w) Accounting Controls and Disclosure Controls. The Company maintains a system of internal accounting controls sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that (A) transactions are executed
in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; (B) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP and to maintain accountability for assets; (C) access
to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (D) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with
respect to any differences. Except as described in the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, since the end of the Company’s most recent audited fiscal year, there has been (1) no material weakness in the Company’s internal
control over financial reporting and (2) no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting. 
 The Company employs disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be
disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the 1934 Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to
the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer or officers and principal financial officer or officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure. 

(x) S-3 Eligibility. (A)(i) At the time of filing the Registration Statement and (ii) at the time of the most recent
amendment thereto for the purposes of complying with Section 10(a)(3) of the 1933 Act (whether such amendment was by post-effective amendment, incorporated report filed pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the 1934 Act or form of
prospectus), the Company met the then applicable requirements for use of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act, and (B) at the earliest time after the filing of the Registration Statement that the Company or another


  
 7 








 
offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule 164(h)(2) under the 1933 Act) of the Shares, the Company was not an “ineligible issuer” as defined in Rule 405
under the 1933 Act. 
 (y) No Commissions. The Company is not a party to any contract, agreement or understanding with
any person (other than as contemplated by this Agreement or any Terms Agreement) that would give rise to a valid claim against the Company or the Agent for a brokerage commission, finder’s fee or like payment in connection with the offering and
sale of the Shares. 
 (z) Deemed Representation. Any certificate signed by any officer of the Company delivered to the
Agent or to counsel for the Agent pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement or any Terms Agreement shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company to the Agent as to the matters covered thereby as of the date or dates indicated
in such certificate. 
 (aa) Compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. There is and has been no failure on the part of the
Company or any of the Company’s directors or officers, in their capacities as such, to comply in all material respects with applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the applicable rules and regulations promulgated in
connection therewith, including Section 402 related to loans and Sections 302 and 906 related to certifications. 
 (bb)
Payment of Taxes. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect, (A) All United States federal income tax returns of the Company required by law to be filed have been filed and all taxes shown by
such returns or otherwise assessed, which are due and payable, have been paid, except assessments against which appeals have been or will be promptly taken and as to which adequate reserves have been provided; (B) the United States federal
income tax returns of the Company through the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 have been filed and no assessment in connection therewith has been made against the Company; and (C) the Company has filed all other tax returns that are
required to have been filed by it pursuant to applicable foreign, state, local or other law and have paid all taxes due pursuant to such returns or pursuant to any assessment received by the Company, except for such taxes, if any, as are being
contested in good faith and as to which adequate reserves have been provided. The charges, accruals and reserves on the books of the Company in respect of any income and corporation tax liability for any years not finally determined are adequate
under GAAP. 
 (cc) Insurance. The Company carries or is entitled to the benefits of insurance in such amounts and
covering such risks as is generally maintained by companies engaged in the same or similar business, and all such insurance is in full force and effect. The Company has no reason to believe that it will not be able (A) to renew its existing
insurance coverage as and when such policies expire or (B) to obtain comparable coverage from similar institutions as may be necessary or appropriate to conduct its business as described in the Prospectus at a cost that would not have a
Material Adverse Effect. The Company has not been denied any insurance coverage which it has sought or for which it has applied. 

  
 8 








 (dd) Statistical and Market-Related Data. Any statistical and market-related data
included in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus are based on or derived from sources that the Company believes to be reliable and accurate, and, where required, the Company has obtained the written consent
to the use of such data from such sources. 
 (ee) Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. Neither the Company nor, to the
knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee, affiliate or other person acting on behalf of the Company is aware of or has taken any action, directly or indirectly, that would result in a violation by such persons of the Foreign
Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (the “FCPA”), including, without limitation, making use of the mails or any means or instrumentality of interstate commerce corruptly in furtherance
of an offer, payment, promise to pay or authorization of the payment of any money, or other property, gift, promise to give, or authorization of the giving of anything of value to any “foreign official” (as such term is defined in the
FCPA) or any foreign political party or official thereof or any candidate for foreign political office, in contravention of the FCPA and the Company and, to the knowledge of the Company, its affiliates have conducted their businesses in compliance
with the FCPA and have instituted and maintain policies and procedures designed to ensure, and which are reasonably expected to continue to ensure, continued compliance therewith. 

(ff) Money Laundering Laws. The operations of the Company are and have been conducted at all times and in all material respects in
compliance with applicable financial recordkeeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, the money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder and
any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any governmental agency (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”) and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or
governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the best knowledge of the Company, threatened. 

(gg) OFAC. Neither the Company nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any director, officer, agent, employee, affiliate or person
acting on behalf of the Company is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”); and the Company will not directly or indirectly use the
proceeds of the offering, or lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any joint venture partner or other person or entity, for the purpose of financing the activities of any person currently subject to any U.S. sanctions
administered by OFAC. 
 Section 2. Sale and Delivery of Shares. 

(a) Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Company agrees to issue and sell exclusively through the Agent acting as
sales agent or directly to the Agent acting as principal from time to time, and the Agent agrees to use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell as sales agent for the Company, the Shares. Sales of the Shares, if any, through the Agent acting as
sales agent or directly to the Agent acting as principal will be made by means of ordinary brokers’ transactions on the Nasdaq, in privately negotiated transactions or otherwise at 

  
 9 








 
market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. 
 (b) The Shares are to be sold on a daily basis or otherwise as shall be agreed to by the Company and the Agent on that trading day (other than a day on which the Nasdaq is scheduled to close prior to its
regular weekday closing time, each, a “Trading Day”) that the Company has satisfied its obligations under Section 6 of this Agreement and that the Company has instructed the Agent to make such sales. For the avoidance of doubt,
the foregoing limitation shall not apply to sales solely to employees or security holders of the Company, or to a trustee or other person acquiring such securities for the accounts of such persons in which Stifel Nicolaus is acting for the Company
in a capacity other than as Agent under this Agreement. On any Trading Day, the Company may instruct the Agent by telephone (confirmed promptly by telecopy or email, which confirmation will be promptly acknowledged by the Agent) as to the maximum
number of Shares to be sold by the Agent on such day (in any event not in excess of the number available for issuance under the Prospectus and the currently effective Registration Statement) and the minimum price per Share at which such Shares may
be sold. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, the Agent shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell as sales agent all of the Shares so designated by the Company. The Company and the Agent each acknowledge and agree that
(A) there can be no assurance that the Agent will be successful in selling the Shares, (B) the Agent will incur no liability or obligation to the Company or any other person or entity if they do not sell Shares for any reason other than a
failure by the Agent to use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable law and regulations to sell such Shares as required by this Agreement, and (C) the Agent shall be under no
obligation to purchase Shares on a principal basis except as otherwise specifically agreed by each of the Agent and the Company pursuant to a Terms Agreement. In the event of a conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the terms of a Terms
Agreement, the terms of such Terms Agreement will control. 
 (c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not authorize
the issuance and sale of, and the Agent as sales agent shall not be obligated to use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell, any Shares (i) at a price lower than the minimum price therefor authorized from time to time, or (ii) in a
number in excess of the number of Shares authorized from time to time to be issued and sold under this Agreement, in each case, by the Company’s board of directors, or a duly authorized committee thereof, and notified to the Agent in writing.
In addition, the Company may, upon notice to the Agent, suspend the offering of the Shares or the Agent may, upon notice to the Company, suspend the offering of the Shares with respect to which the Agent is acting as sales agent for any reason and
at any time; provided, however, that such suspension or termination shall not affect or impair the parties’ respective obligations with respect to the Shares sold hereunder prior to the giving of such notice. Any notice given
pursuant to the preceding sentence may be given by telephone (confirmed promptly by telecopy or email, which confirmation will be promptly acknowledged). 
 (d) The gross sales price of any Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement by the Agent acting as sales agent of the Company shall be the market price prevailing at the time of sale for shares of the
Company’s Common Stock sold by the Agent on the Nasdaq or otherwise, at prices relating to prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. The compensation payable 

  
 10 









 
to the Agent for sales of Shares with respect to which the Agent acts as sales agent shall be equal to 3% of the gross sales price of the Shares for amounts of Shares sold pursuant to this
Agreement. The Company may sell Shares to the Agent, acting as principal, at a price agreed upon with the Agent at the relevant Applicable Time and pursuant to a separate Terms Agreement. The remaining proceeds, after further deduction for any
transaction fees imposed by any governmental, regulatory or self-regulatory organization in respect of such sales, shall constitute the net proceeds to the Company for such Shares (the “Net Proceeds”). The Agent shall notify the
Company as promptly as practicable if any deduction referenced in the preceding sentence will be required. 
 (e) If acting as a
sales agent hereunder, the Agent shall provide written confirmation to the Company following the close of trading on the Nasdaq, each day in which Shares are sold under this Agreement setting forth the number of Shares sold on such day, the
aggregate gross sales proceeds of the Shares, the Net Proceeds to the Company and the compensation payable by the Company to such Agent with respect to such sales. 
 (f) Under no circumstances shall the aggregate offering price or number, as the case may be, of Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement and any Terms Agreement exceed the aggregate offering price or
number, as the case may be, of Shares of Common Stock (i) set forth in the preamble paragraph of this Agreement, (ii) available for issuance under the Prospectus and the then currently effective Registration Statement or
(iii) authorized from time to time to be issued and sold under this Agreement or any Terms Agreement by the Company’s board of directors, or a duly authorized committee thereof, and notified to the Agent in writing. In addition, under no
circumstances shall any Shares with respect to which the Agent acts as sales agent be sold at a price lower than the minimum price therefor authorized from time to time by the Company’s board of directors, or a duly authorized committee
thereof, and notified to the Agent in writing. 
 (g) Settlement for sales of Shares pursuant to this Section 2 will occur
on the third business day that is also a Trading Day following the trade date on which such sales are made, unless another date shall be agreed to by the Company and the Agent (each such day, a “Settlement Date”). On each Settlement
Date, the Shares sold through the Agent for settlement on such date shall be delivered by the Company to the Agent against payment of the Net Proceeds from the sale of such Shares. Settlement for all Shares shall be effected by book-entry delivery
of Shares to the Agent’s account at The Depository Trust Company against payments by the Agent of the Net Proceeds from the sale of such Shares in same day funds delivered to an account designated by the Company. If the Company shall default on
its obligation to deliver Shares on any Settlement Date, the Company shall (i) indemnify and hold the Agent harmless against any loss, claim or damage arising from or as a result of such default by the Company and (ii) pay the Agent any
commission to which it would otherwise be entitled absent such default. 
 (h) Notwithstanding any other provision of this
Agreement, the Company and the Agent agree that no sales of Shares shall take place, and the Company shall not request the sale of any Shares that would be sold, and the Agent shall not be obligated to sell, during any period in which the Company
is, or could be deemed to be, in possession of material non-public information. 

  
 11 









 (i) At each Applicable Time, Settlement Date, Registration Amendment Date and each Company
Periodic Report Date, the Company shall be deemed to have affirmed each representation and warranty contained in this Agreement. Any obligation of the Agent to use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell the Shares on behalf of the Company as
sales agent shall be subject to the continuing accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company herein, to the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder and to the continuing satisfaction of the additional conditions
specified in Section 6 of this Agreement. 
 Section 3. Covenants. The Company agrees with the Agent:

 (a) During any period when the delivery of a prospectus is required in connection with the offering or sale of Shares
(whether physically or through compliance with Rule 153 or 172, or in lieu thereof, a notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act), (i) to make no further amendment or any supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus
prior to any Settlement Date which shall be disapproved by the Agent promptly after reasonable notice thereof and to advise the Agent, promptly after it receives notice thereof, of the time when any amendment to the Registration Statement has been
filed or becomes effective or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus has been filed and to furnish the Representatives with copies thereof, (ii) to file promptly all other material required to be filed by the Company with the Commission
pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the 1933 Act, (iii) to file promptly all reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the
1934 Act, (iv) to advise the Agent, promptly after it receives notice thereof, of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order or of any order preventing or suspending the use of the Prospectus or other prospectus in respect of the Shares,
of the suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, of the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for any such purpose, or of any request by the Commission for the amending or supplementing of the form
of the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or for additional information, and (v) in the event of the issuance of any such stop order or of any such order preventing or suspending the use of the Prospectus in respect of the Shares or
suspending any such qualification, to promptly use its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the withdrawal of such order; and in the event of any such issuance of a notice of objection, promptly to take such reasonable steps as may be necessary
to permit offers and sales of the Shares by the Agent, which may include, without limitation, amending the Registration Statement or filing a new registration statement, at the Company’s expense (references herein to the Registration Statement
shall include any such amendment or new registration statement). 
 (b) Promptly from time to time to take such action as the
Agent may reasonably request to qualify the Shares for offering and sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as the Agent may request and to comply with such laws so as to permit the continuance of sales and dealings therein in such
jurisdictions for as long as may be necessary to complete the sale of the Shares, provided that in connection therewith the Company shall not be required to qualify as a foreign corporation or to file a general consent to service of process in any
jurisdiction; and to promptly advise the Agent of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the 

  
 12 









 
suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offer or sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose. 

(c) During any period when the delivery of a prospectus is required (whether physically or through compliance with Rules 153 or 172, or
in lieu thereof, a notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act) in connection with the offering or sale of Shares, the Company will make available to the Agent, as soon as practicable after the execution of this Agreement, and thereafter
from time to time furnish to the Agent, copies of the most recent Prospectus in such quantities and at such locations as the Agent may reasonably request for the purposes contemplated by the 1933 Act. During any period when the delivery of a
prospectus is required (whether physically or through compliance with Rules 153 or 172, or in lieu thereof, a notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act) in connection with the offering or sale of Shares, and if at such time any event
shall have occurred as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the
circumstances under which they were made when such Prospectus is delivered, not misleading, or, if for any other reason it shall be necessary during such same period to amend or supplement the Prospectus or to file under the 1934 Act any document
incorporated by reference in the Prospectus in order to comply with the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, to notify the Agent and to file such document and to prepare and furnish without charge to the Agent as many written and electronic copies as the Agent
may from time to time reasonably request of an amended Prospectus or a supplement to the Prospectus which will correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance. 
 (d) To make generally available to its securityholders as soon as practicable, but in any event not later than sixteen months after the effective date of the Registration Statement (as defined in Rule
158(c) under the 1933 Act), an earnings statement of the Company (which need not be audited) complying with Section 11(a) of the 1933 Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (including, at the option of the Company, Rule
158). 
 (e) To pay the required Commission filing fees relating to the Shares within the time required by Rule 456(b)(1) under
the 1933 Act without regard to the proviso therein and otherwise in accordance with Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the 1933 Act. 

(f) To use the Net Proceeds received by it from the sale of the Shares pursuant to this Agreement and any Terms Agreement in the manner
specified in the Disclosure Package. 
 (g) In connection with the offering and sale of the Shares, the Company will file with
the Nasdaq all documents and notices, and make all certifications, required by the Nasdaq of companies that have securities that are listed or quoted on the Nasdaq and will maintain such listings or quotations. 

(h) To not take, directly or indirectly, and to cause its affiliates to refrain from taking, any action designed to cause or result in,
or that has constituted or might reasonably be expected to constitute, under the 1934 Act or otherwise, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any securities of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares. 

  
 13 









 (i) At each Applicable Time, each Settlement Date, each Registration Statement Amendment
Date (as defined below), each Company Periodic Report Date (as defined below) and each date on which Shares are delivered to the Agent pursuant to a Terms Agreement, the Company shall be deemed to have affirmed each representation, warranty,
covenant and other agreement contained in this Agreement or any Terms Agreement. In each Annual Report on Form 10-K or Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed by the Company in respect of any quarter in which sales of Shares were made by or through the
Agent under this Agreement or any Terms Agreement (each date on which any such document is filed, and any date on which an amendment to any such document is filed, a “Company Periodic Report Date”), the Company shall set forth with
regard to such quarter the number of Shares sold through the Agent under this Agreement or any Terms Agreement and the Net Proceeds received by the Company with respect to sales of Shares pursuant to this Agreement or any Terms Agreement.

 (j) Upon commencement of the offering of Shares under this Agreement and each time the Shares are delivered to the Agent as
principal on a Settlement Date and promptly after each (i) date the Registration Statement or the Prospectus shall be amended or supplemented (other than (1) by an amendment or supplement providing solely for the determination of the terms
of the Shares, (2) in connection with the filing of a prospectus supplement that contains solely the information set forth in Section 3(i), (3) in connection with the filing of any current reports on Form 8-K (other than any current
reports on Form 8-K which contain financial statements, supporting schedules or other financial data, including any current report on Form 8-K under Item 2.02 of such form that is considered “filed” under the 1934 Act) or (4) by
a prospectus supplement relating to the offering of other securities (including, without limitation, other shares of Common Stock)) (each such date, a “Registration Statement Amendment Date”) and (ii) Company Periodic Report
Date, the Company will furnish or cause to be furnished forthwith to the Agent a certificate dated the date of effectiveness of such amendment or the date of filing with the Commission of such supplement or other document, as the case may be, in a
form reasonably satisfactory to the Agent to the effect that the statements contained in the certificate referred to in Section 6(e) of this Agreement which were last furnished to the Agent are true and correct at the time of such amendment,
supplement or filing, as the case may be, as though made at and as of such time (except that such statements shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to such time)
or, in lieu of such certificate, a certificate of the same tenor as the certificate referred to in said Section 6(e), but modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented, or to the
document incorporated by reference into the Prospectus, to the time of delivery of such certificate. As used in this paragraph, to the extent there shall be an Applicable Time on or following the date referred to in clause (i) or
(ii) above, promptly shall be deemed to be on or prior to the next succeeding Applicable Time. 
 (k) Upon commencement of
the offering of Shares under this Agreement and each time the Shares are delivered to the Agent as principal on a Settlement Date, and promptly after each (i) Registration Statement Amendment Date and (ii) Company Periodic Report Date, the
Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Agent and to counsel to the Agent the written opinion and letter of each Company Counsel or other counsel reasonably satisfactory to 

  
 14 









 
the Agent, dated the date of effectiveness of such amendment or the date of filing with the Commission of such supplement or other document, as the case may be, in a form and substance reasonably
satisfactory to the Agent and its counsel, of the same tenor as the opinions and letters referred to in Section 6(c) of this Agreement, but modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the
Prospectus as amended and supplemented, or to the document incorporated by reference into the Prospectus, to the time of delivery of such opinion and letter or, in lieu of such opinion and letter, counsel last furnishing such letter to the Agent
shall furnish such Agent with a letter substantially to the effect that the Agent may rely on such last opinion and letter to the same extent as though each were dated the date of such letter authorizing reliance (except that statements in such last
letter shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to the time of delivery of such letter authorizing reliance). As used in this paragraph, to the extent there shall be an Applicable Time on
or following the date referred to in clause (i) or (ii) above, promptly shall be deemed to be on or prior to the next succeeding Applicable Time. 
 (l) Upon commencement of the offering of Shares under this Agreement and each time the Shares are delivered to the Agent as principal on a Settlement Date, and promptly after each (i) Registration
Statement Amendment Date and (ii) Company Periodic Report Date, the Company will cause Hein & Associates LLP, or other independent accountants reasonably satisfactory to the Agent, to furnish to the Agent a letter, dated the date of
effectiveness of such amendment or the date of filing of such supplement or other document with the Commission, as the case may be, in form reasonably satisfactory to the Agent and its counsel, of the same tenor as the letter referred to in
Section 6(d) hereof, but modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, as amended and supplemented, or to the document incorporated by reference into the Prospectus, to the date of
such letter. As used in this paragraph, to the extent there shall be an Applicable Time on or following the date referred to in clause (i) or (ii) above, promptly shall be deemed to be on or prior to the next succeeding Applicable Time.

 (m) The Company consents to Stifel Nicolaus trading in the Company’s Common Stock for Stifel Nicolaus’ own account
and for the account of its clients at the same time as sales of Shares occur pursuant to this Agreement or any Terms Agreement. 

(n) If, to the knowledge of the Company, all filings required by Rule 424 in connection with this offering shall not have been made or
the representations in Section 1(a) shall not be true and correct on the applicable Settlement Date, the Company will offer to any person who has agreed to purchase Shares from the Company as the result of an offer to purchase solicited by the
Agent the right to refuse to purchase and pay for such Shares. 
 (o) The Company will cooperate timely with any reasonable due
diligence review conducted by the Agent or its counsel from time to time in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby or in any Terms Agreement, including, without limitation, and upon reasonable notice providing information and making
available documents and appropriate corporate officers, during regular business hours and at the Company’s principal offices, as the Agent may reasonably request. 

  
 15 









 (p) The Company will not, without (i) giving the Agent at least three business
days’ prior written notice specifying the nature of the proposed sale and the date of such proposed sale and (ii) the Agent suspending activity under this program for such period of time as requested by the Company or as deemed appropriate
by the Agent in light of the proposed sale, (A) offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant for the
sale of, lend or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common Stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for or repayable with Common Stock, or file any registration statement under the 1933
Act with respect to any of the foregoing (other than a shelf registration statement under Rule 415 under the 1933 Act, a registration statement on Form S-8 or post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement) or (B) enter into any swap or
other agreement or any transaction that transfers in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, any of the economic consequence of ownership of the Common Stock, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for or repayable with
Common Stock, whether any such swap or transaction described in clause (A) or (B) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise. The foregoing sentence shall not apply to (y) the
Shares to be offered and sold through the Agent pursuant to this Agreement or any Terms Agreement and (z) equity incentive awards approved by the board of directors of the Company or the compensation committee thereof or the issuance of Common
Stock upon exercise thereof. 
 (q) If immediately prior to the third anniversary (the “Renewal Deadline”) of
the initial effective date of the Registration Statement, any of the Shares remain unsold, the Company will, prior to the Renewal Deadline file, if it has not already done so and is eligible to do so, an “automatic shelf registration
statement” (as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act) relating to the Shares, in a form satisfactory to the Agent. If the Company is not eligible to file an automatic shelf registration statement, the Company will, prior to the Renewal
Deadline, if it has not already done so, file a new shelf registration statement relating to the Shares, in a form satisfactory to the Agent, and will use its reasonable best efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective
within 60 days after the Renewal Deadline. The Company will take all other action necessary or appropriate to permit the issuance and sale of the Shares to continue as contemplated in the expired registration statement relating to the Shares.
References herein to the Registration Statement shall include such new automatic shelf registration statement or such new shelf registration statement, as the case may be. 
 Section 4. Free Writing Prospectus. 
 (a) (i) The Company
represents and agrees that without the prior consent of the Agent, it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Shares that would constitute a “free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 405 under the 1933 Act; and

 (ii) the Agent represents and agrees that, without the prior consent of the Company, it has not made and will
not make any offer relating to the Shares that would constitute a free writing prospectus required to be filed with the Commission. 

  
 16 









 (b) The Company has complied and will comply with the requirements of Rule 433 under the
1933 Act applicable to any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus (including any free writing prospectus identified in Section 4(a) hereof), including timely filing with the Commission or retention where required and legending. 

Section 5. Payment of Expenses. The Company covenants and agrees with the Agent that the Company will pay or cause to be paid
the following: (i) the fees, disbursements and expenses of the Company’s counsel and accountants in connection with the registration of the Shares under the 1933 Act and all other expenses in connection with the preparation, printing and
filing of the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, Prospectus Supplement, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and the Prospectus and amendments and supplements thereto and the mailing and delivering of copies thereof to the Agent;
(ii) the cost of printing or producing this Agreement or any Terms Agreement, any Blue Sky Memoranda, closing documents (including any compilations thereof) and any other documents in connection with the offering, purchase, sale and delivery of
the Shares; (iii) all expenses in connection with the qualification of the Shares for offering and sale under state securities laws as provided in Section 3(b) hereof, including the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the
Agent in connection with such qualification and in connection with the Blue Sky Surveys; (iv) any filing fees incident to, and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Agent in connection with, any required review by FINRA of
the terms of the sale of the Shares; (v) the reasonable fee and expenses of counsel to the Agent in connection with this Agreement and the offering contemplated hereby, in an amount not to exceed $50,000; (vi) all fees and expenses in
connection with listing or quoting the Shares on the Nasdaq; (vii) the cost of preparing the Shares; (vii) the costs and charges of any transfer agent or registrar or any dividend distribution agent; and (ix) all other costs and
expenses incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder which are not otherwise specifically provided for in this Section. It is understood, however, that, except as provided in this Section, and Section 7 hereof, the Agent will pay
all of its own costs and expenses, including the fees of its counsel, transfer taxes on resale of any of the Shares by it, and any advertising expenses connected with any offers it may make. In no event shall Agent be entitled to reimbursement of
expenses hereunder to the extent it would cause Agent to receive total compensation in excess of eight percent (8%) of the total proceeds for the sale of Shares hereunder. 

Section 6. Conditions of Agent’s Obligation. The obligations of the Agent hereunder shall be subject, in its discretion,
to the condition that all representations and warranties and other statements of the Company herein or in certificates of any officer of the Company delivered pursuant to the provisions hereof are true and correct as of the time of the execution of
this Agreement, the date of any executed Terms Agreement and as of each Registration Statement Amendment Date, Company Periodic Report Date, Applicable Time and Settlement Date, to the condition that the Company shall have performed all of its
obligations hereunder theretofore to be performed, and the following additional conditions: 
 (a) The Prospectus Supplement
shall have been filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the 1933 Act on or prior to the date hereof and in accordance with Section 3(a) hereof, any other material required to be filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 433(d)


  
 17 









 
under the 1933 Act shall have been filed with the Commission within the applicable time periods prescribed for such filings by Rule 433; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the
Registration Statement or any part thereof shall have been issued and no proceeding for that purpose shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission and no notice of objection of the Commission to the use of the form of the Registration
Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto pursuant to Rule 401(g)(2) under the 1933 Act shall have been received; no stop order suspending or preventing the use of the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus shall have been
initiated or threatened by the Commission; and all requests for additional information on the part of the Commission shall have been complied with to the reasonable satisfaction of the Agent. 

(b) On every date specified in Section 3(k) hereof and on such other dates as reasonably requested by Agent, LeClairRyan, P.C.,
counsel for the Agent, shall have furnished to the Agent such written opinion or opinions, dated as of such date, with respect to such matters as the Agent may reasonably request, and such counsel shall have received such papers and information as
they may reasonably request to enable them to pass upon such matters. 
 (c) On every date specified in Section 3(k) hereof
and on such other dates as reasonably requested by Agent, Faegre & Benson LLP, counsel for the Company, shall have furnished to the Agent written opinion or opinions, dated as of such date, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to
the Agent. 
 (d) At the dates specified in Section 3(l) hereof and on such other dates as reasonably requested by Agent,
the independent accountants of the Company who have certified the financial statements of the Company included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus shall have furnished to the
Agent a letter dated as of the date of delivery thereof and addressed to the Agent in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Agent and its counsel, containing statements and information of the type ordinarily included in accountants’
“comfort letters” to underwriters with respect to the financial statements of the Company included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus. 

(e) (i) Upon commencement of the offering of Shares under this Agreement and on such other dates as reasonably requested by Agent, the
Company will furnish or cause to be furnished promptly to the Agent a certificate of an officer in a form satisfactory to the Agent stating the minimum price for the sale of such Shares pursuant to this Agreement and the maximum number of Shares
that may be issued and sold pursuant to this Agreement or, alternatively, maximum gross proceeds from such sales, as authorized from time to time by the Company’s board of directors or a duly authorized committee thereof or, in connection with
any amendment, revision or modification of such minimum price or maximum Share number or amount, a new certificate with respect thereto and (ii) on each date specified in Section 3(j) and on such other dates as reasonably requested by
Agent, the Agent shall have received a certificate of executive officers of the Company, one of whom shall be the Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer, Treasurer, or Executive Vice President in the area of capital markets and
investments, dated as of the date thereof, to the effect that (A) there has been no Material Adverse Effect since the date as of which information is given in the General Disclosure Package


  
 18 









 
and the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented, (B) the representations and warranties in Section 1 hereof are true and correct as of such date and (C) the Company has complied
with all of the agreements entered into in connection with the transaction contemplated herein and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied. 
 (f) Since the date of the latest audited financial statements then included or incorporated by reference in the General Disclosure Package and the Prospectus, no Material Adverse Effect shall have
occurred. 
 (g) The Company shall have complied with the provisions of Section 3(c) hereof with respect to the timely
furnishing of prospectuses. 
 (h) On such dates as reasonably requested by the Agent, the Company shall have conducted due
diligence sessions, in form and substance satisfactory to the Agent. 
 (i) All filings with the Commission required by Rule 424
under the 1933 Act to have been filed by each Applicable Time or related Settlement Date shall have been made within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing by Rule 424 (without reliance on Rule 424(b)(8)). 

(j) The Shares shall have received approval for listing or quotation on the Nasdaq prior to the first Settlement Date. 

(k) Prior to any Settlement Date, the Company shall have furnished to the Agent such further information, documents or certificates as
the Agent may reasonably request. 
 Section 7. Indemnification. 

(a) The Company will indemnify and hold harmless the Agent against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which
the Agent may become subject, under the 1933 Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact
contained in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or any “issuer information” filed or required to be filed
pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the 1933 Act, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and will
reimburse the Agent for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Agent in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim as such expenses are incurred; provided, however, that the Company shall not be liable in any
such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the
Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, in reliance upon and in strict conformity with written information furnished to the Company by the Agent expressly for use
therein. 

  
 19 









 (b) The Agent will indemnify and hold harmless the Company against any losses, claims,
damages or liabilities to which the Company may become subject, under the 1933 Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon an untrue statement or alleged
untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or arise out of or are
based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or
alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in the Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement or the Prospectus, or any such amendment or supplement thereto, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus,
in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by the Agent expressly for use therein; and will reimburse the Company for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company in connection with
investigating or defending any such action or claim as such expenses are incurred. 
 (c) Promptly after receipt by an
indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b) above of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under such subsection, notify the
indemnifying party in writing of the commencement thereof; but the omission so to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under such subsection except and then
only to the extent such indemnifying party is materially prejudiced thereby. In case any such action shall be brought against any indemnified party and it shall notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party shall
be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it shall wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory to such indemnified party (who shall not, except with
the consent of the indemnified party, be counsel to the indemnifying party), and, after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying party shall not be liable to such
indemnified party under this Section 7 for any legal expenses of other counsel or any other expenses, in each case subsequently incurred by such indemnified party, in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of
investigation. No indemnifying party shall, without the written consent of the indemnified party, effect the settlement or compromise of, or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to, any pending or threatened action or claim in respect
of which indemnification or contribution may be sought hereunder (whether or not the indemnified party is an actual or potential party to such action or claim) unless such settlement, compromise or judgment (i) includes an unconditional release
of the indemnified party from all liability arising out of such action or claim and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act, by or on behalf of any indemnified party. 

(d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 7 is unavailable to hold harmless an indemnified party under subsection
(a) or (b) above in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a
result of such 

  
 20 









 
losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Agent
on the other from the offering of the Shares to which such loss, claim, damage or liability (or action in respect thereof) relates. If, however, the allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is not permitted by applicable law, then
each indemnifying party shall contribute to such amount paid or payable by such indemnified party in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the
Agent on the other in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof), as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received
by the Company on the one hand and the Agent on the other shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the offering (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total commissions received by the
Agent. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the
Company on the one hand or the Agent on the other and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company and the Agent agree that it would not be just and
equitable if contribution pursuant to this subsection (d) were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this subsection (d). The
amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to above in this subsection (d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably
incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection (d), the Agent shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by
which the total compensation received by the Agent with respect to sales of the Shares sold by it to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which the Agent has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement
or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

 (e) The obligations of the Company under this Section 7 shall be in addition to any liability which the Company may
otherwise have and shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to the directors, officers, employees, attorneys and agents of the Agent and to each person, if any, who controls the Agent within the meaning of the 1933 Act and each broker
dealer affiliate of the Agent; and the obligations of the Agent under this Section 7 shall be in addition to any liability which the Agent may otherwise have and shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each director, officer,
employee, attorney and agent of the Company and to each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of the 1933 Act. 
 Section 8. Representations, Warranties and Agreements to Survive Delivery. The respective indemnities, agreements, representations, warranties and other statements of the Company and the
Agent, as set forth in this Agreement or made by or on behalf of them, respectively, pursuant to this Agreement, shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation (or any statement as to the results thereof) made by or on behalf
of the Agent or any 

  
 21 









 
controlling person of the Agent, or the Company, or any officer or director or controlling person of the Company, and shall survive delivery of and payment for the Shares. 

Section 9. No Advisory or Fiduciary Relationship. The Company acknowledges and agrees that (i) the Agent is acting
solely in the capacity of an arm’s length contractual counterparty to the Company with respect to the offering of Shares contemplated hereby (including in connection with determining the terms of such offering) and (ii) the Agent has not
assumed an advisory or fiduciary responsibility in favor of the Company with respect to the offering contemplated hereby or the process leading thereto (irrespective of whether the Agent has advised or is currently advising the Company on other
matters) or any other obligation to the Company except the obligations expressly set forth in this Agreement and (iii) the Company has consulted its own legal and financial advisors to the extent it deemed appropriate. The Company agrees that
it will not claim that the Agent has rendered advisory services of any nature or respect, or owe a fiduciary or similar duty to the Company, in connection with such transaction or the process leading thereto. 

Section 10. Termination. 
 (a) The Company shall have the right, by giving written notice as hereinafter specified, to terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion at any time. Any such termination shall be without liability of
any party to any other party, except that (i) with respect to any pending sale through the Agent for the Company, the obligations of the Company, including in respect of compensation of the Agent, shall remain in full force and effect
notwithstanding such termination; and (ii) the provisions of Section 1, Section 5, Section 7 and Section 8 of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination. 

(b) The Agent shall have the right, by giving written notice as hereinafter specified, to terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion
at any time. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Section 1, Section 5, Section 7 and Section 8 of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect
notwithstanding such termination. 
 (c) This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect until and unless terminated
pursuant to Section 10(a) or (b) above or otherwise by mutual agreement of the parties; provided that any such termination by mutual agreement or pursuant to this clause (c) shall in all cases be deemed to provide that
Section 1, Section 5, Section 7 and Section 8 of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. 

(d) Any termination of this Agreement shall be effective on the date specified in such notice of termination; provided that such
termination shall not be effective until the close of business on the date of receipt of such notice by the Agent or the Company, as the case may be. If such termination shall occur prior to the Settlement Date for any sale of Shares, such sale
shall settle in accordance with the provisions of Section 2(h) hereof. 
 (e) In the case of any purchase by the Agent
pursuant to a Terms Agreement, the Agent may terminate this Agreement, at any time at or prior to the Settlement Date (i) if there 

  
 22 









 
has been, since the time of execution of this Agreement or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the General Disclosure Package or the Prospectus, any Material Adverse
Effect, or (ii) if there has occurred any material adverse change in the financial markets in the United States or the international financial markets, any outbreak of hostilities or escalation thereof or other calamity or crisis or any change
or development involving a prospective change in national or international political, financial or economic conditions, in each case the effect of which is such as to make it, in the judgment of the Agent, impracticable or inadvisable to market the
Shares or to enforce contracts for the sale of Shares, or (iii) if trading in any securities of the Company has been suspended or materially limited by the Commission or the Nasdaq, or if trading generally on the NYSE or Nasdaq has been
suspended or materially limited, or minimum or maximum prices for trading have been fixed, or maximum ranges for prices have been required, by any of said exchanges or by such system or by order of the Commission, FINRA or any other governmental
authority, or (iv) a material disruption has occurred in commercial banking or securities settlement or clearance services in the United States, or (v) if a banking moratorium has been declared by either Federal or New York authorities.

 (f) Subject to the additional limitations set forth in Section 5 of this Agreement, in the event of termination of this
Agreement prior to the sale of any Shares, Agent shall be entitled only to reimbursement of its out-of-pocket expenses actually incurred. 
 Section 11. Notices. All statements, requests, notices and agreements hereunder shall be in writing, and if to Stifel Nicolaus shall be delivered or sent by mail, telex or facsimile
transmission to: 
 Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated 

One South Street, 15th Floor 
 Baltimore, Maryland 21202 
 Fax No. (443) 224-1273 

Attention: Syndicate Department 
 and if to the Company to: 
 Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc. 

12300 North Grant Street 
 Thornton, CO 80241 
 Fax: (720) 872-5077 

Attention: Chief Financial Officer 
 Any such statements, requests, notices or agreements shall take effect upon receipt thereof. 
 Section 12. Parties. This Agreement shall be binding upon, and inure solely to the benefit of, the Agent and the Company and, to the extent provided in Sections 7 and 8 hereof, the officers,
directors, employees, attorneys and agents of the Company and the Agent and each 

  
 23 









 
person who controls the Company or the Agent, and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns, and no other person shall acquire or have any right under or by virtue
of this Agreement. No purchaser of Shares through the Agent shall be deemed a successor or assign by reason merely of such purchase. 
 Section 13. Time of the Essence. Time shall be of the essence of this Agreement. As used herein, the term “business day” shall mean any day when the Commission’s office in
Washington, D.C. is open for business. 
 Section 14. Waiver of Jury Trial. The Company and the Agent hereby
irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all right to jury trial by jury in any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. 

Section 15. Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW
YORK WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW. 
 Section 16. Counterparts. This Agreement and any
Terms Agreement may be executed by any one or more of the parties hereto and thereto in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all such respective counterparts shall together constitute one and the same
instrument. This Agreement and any Terms Agreement may be delivered by any party by facsimile or other electronic transmission. 

Section 17. Severability. The invalidity or unenforceability of any Section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement shall
not affect the validity or enforceability of any other Section, paragraph or provision hereof. If any Section, paragraph or provision of this Agreement is for any reason determined to be invalid or unenforceable, there shall be deemed to be made
such minor changes (and only such minor changes) as are necessary to make it valid and enforceable. 
 If the foregoing is in
accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign and return to the Company a counterpart hereof, whereupon this instrument, along with all 

  
 24 









 
counterparts, will become a binding agreement between the Agent and the Company in accordance with its terms. 

 

			
	Very truly yours,
	
	ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
		
	By:	 	/s/ Gary Gatchell
		 	Name: Gary Gatchell
		 	Title: Chief Financial Officer


 Accepted as of the
date hereof: 
  

			
	STIFEL, NICOLAUS & COMPANY, INCORPORATED
		
	By:	 	/s/ Daniel J. Covatta
		 	Name: Daniel J. Covatta
		 	Title: Managing Director


  
 25 









 Annex 1 
 ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 
 Common Stock 

($0.0001 par value per share) 
 TERMS AGREEMENT 
 STIFEL, NICOLAUS & COMPANY, INCORPORATED 

One South Street, 15th Floor 

Baltimore, MD 21202 
 Attn: Syndicate Department

 Ladies and Gentlemen: 
 Ascent Solar Technologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), proposes, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein and in the At-the-Market Equity Offering Sales
Agreement, dated February 28, 2011 (the “Sales Agreement”), between the Company and Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated (the “Agent”), to issue and sell to the Agent the securities specified in
the Schedule hereto (the “Purchased Securities”) [, and solely for the purpose of covering over-allotments, to grant to the Agent the option to purchase the additional securities specified in the Schedule hereto (the
“Additional Securities”)]*. 
 [The Agent shall have the right to purchase from the Company all or a portion of
the Additional Securities as may be necessary to cover over-allotments made in connection with the offering of the Purchased Securities, at the same purchase price per share to be paid by the Agent to the Company for the Purchased Securities. This
option may be exercised by the Agent at any time (but not more than once) on or before the thirtieth day following the date hereof, by written notice to the Company. Such notice shall set forth the aggregate number of shares of Additional Securities
as to which the option is being exercised, and the date and time when the Additional Securities are to be delivered (such date and time being herein referred to as the “Option Closing Date”); provided, however, that the Option
Closing Date shall not be earlier than the Time of Delivery (as set forth in the Schedule hereto) nor earlier than the second business day after the date on which the option shall have been exercised nor later than the fifth business day after the
date on which the option shall have been exercised. Payment of the purchase price for the Additional Securities shall be made at the Option Closing Date in the same manner and at the same office as the payment for the Purchased Securities.]*

 Each of the provisions of the Sales Agreement not specifically related to the solicitation by the Agent, as agent of the
Company, of offers to purchase securities is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, and shall be deemed to be part of this Terms Agreement to the same extent as if such provisions had been set forth in full herein. Each of the
representations and 

  
 26 









 
warranties set forth therein shall be deemed to have been made at and as of the date of this Terms Agreement [and] [,] the Applicable Time [and any Option Closing Date]*, except that each
representation and warranty in Section 1 of the Sales Agreement which makes reference to the Prospectus (as therein defined) shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty as of the date of the Sales Agreement in relation to the
Prospectus, and also a representation and warranty as of the date of this Terms Agreement [and] [,] the Settlement Date [and any Option Closing Date]* in relation to the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to relate to the Purchased Securities.

 An amendment to the Registration Statement (as defined in the Sales Agreement), or a supplement to the Prospectus, as the
case may be, relating to the Purchased Securities [and the Additional Securities]*, in the form heretofore delivered to the Agent is now proposed to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. 

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein and in the Sales Agreement which are incorporated herein by reference, the Company
agrees to issue and sell to the Agent and the latter agrees to purchase from the Company the number of shares of the Purchased Securities at the time and place and at the purchase price set forth in the Schedule hereto. 

If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign and return to the Company a counterpart hereof,
whereupon this instrument, along with all counterparts, will become a binding agreement between the Agent and the Company in accordance with its terms. 

 

			
	Very truly yours,
	
	ASCENT SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
		
	By:	 	 
	Name:	 	
	Title:	 	


 Accepted as of the date hereof: 

 

			
	STIFEL, NICOLAUS & COMPANY, INCORPORATED
		
	By:	 	 
	Name:	 	
	Title:	 	

  

	*	Include only if the Agent has an over-allotment option. 


  
 27