UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460 

SEP 21 2011 

OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY 

AND POLLUTION PREVENTION 

MEMORANDUM 

SUBJECT: BEAD Chemical Profile for Registration Review: Cyprodinil (288202) 

FROM: 

THRU: 

TO: 

Tara Chandgoyal, Ph. D., Plant Pathologist 

Biological Analysis Branch 

Cynthia 

Science Information 

Doucoure, Environmental 

and Analysis Branch 

Protection Specialist C . ~ 

Andrew Lee, Economist f:J ( j - Economic 

Biological 

Analysis 

and Economic 

Branch 

Analysis Division (7503 ) 

~ 

Arnet Jones, Chief 

Biological·Analysis Branch 

) 

Diann Sims, Chief ,;{2 /7_JL~~--r­ Science Information and Analysis Branch 

Timothy Kiely, Chief ~ \ A A ,;& Economic Analysis Branch ' V v ~ 

Biological and Economic Analys Division (7 3P) 

Wilhelmena Livingston, Chemical Review Manager 

Risk Management and Implementation Branch 4 

Pesticide Re-evaluation Division (7508P) 

Product Review Panel date: September 14,2011 

INTRODUCTION 

The purpose of this document is to convey usage information and a broad overview of the pest 

management roles of pesticides that are beginning to undergo registration review. The 

anticipated audience consists of the team of EPA staff currently evaluating the registration status 

of Cyprodinil (288202), and eventually the general public. This document builds upon the data 

already provided in the "Usage and Label Use Data Packages" that are also provided to 

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Registration Review teams by BEAD. The document is based on information and data available 

to BEAD as of September 6, 2011. 

Cyprodinil inhibits methionine biosynthesis in fungi and belongs to fungicide group 9 (FRAC, 

2010). It has protectant and some curative properties against plant pathogenic fungi. It is 

effective against many phytopathogenic fungi causing plant diseases on various agricultural 

crops. 

USE SITES 

Agricultural 

Cyprodinil is a fungicide labeled for use on the following agricultural crops: bushberries, 

caneberries, grapes, strawberries, citrus, almonds, pistachios, pome fruit, stone fruit, tropical 

fruit, herbs, cucurbits, tomatoes, tomatillo, leafy vegetables, cole crops, root crops, bulb 

vegetables, beans and peas (dried/succulent), lupine (forage/fodder), and ornamentals (field 

grown/nurseries) 

Non-Agricultural 

Cyprodinil is also labeled for use on ornamentals and landscaped areas around institutional, 

public, commercial and industrial buildings, parks, recreational areas, and athletic fields. 

COMMON FORMULATIONS AND APPLICATION METHODS 

Cyprodinil is formulated as water dispersible granules and as an emulsifiable concentrate and 

applied using the application methods listed in Table 1. 

T a e b1 1 C ;ypro d··l tru A ~ppllcatIOn r Mthd e o s 

Crop Application Method Application Equipment Application Timin2 

Orchard Broadcast; Aircraft; Ground; Foliar; Pink, Bloom; Late spring; Petal Fall; 

Crops Chemigation Sprinkler Irrigation Post-bloom, Preharvest 

Grapes Broadcast Aircraft; Ground At Bud Break; Foliar; Bloom, Preharvest, 

Bloom thru Foliar 

Strawberries Broadcast; Aircraft; Ground; Foliar; Bloom; Prebloom; Pretransplant; 

Chemigation; Dip Sprinkler Irrigation; Dip Preplant 

Treatment; Crown & tank 

Foliar Treatment 

Other Crops Broadcast; Aircraft; Ground; At Planting; Pink; Prebloom; Bloom; Bloom 

Chemigation; Spray; Sprinkler Irrigation, thru Foliar; Post-Bloom; Foliar; Preharvest; 

Sprayer .. Source: EPA Cyprodmll Label Use InformatIOn System (LUIS) ~eport, July 2011 

USAGE 

Agricultural Use Trends 

Cyprodinil use in the U.S., as reported in private market research surveys, increased substantially 

between 1998 and 2010. Reported use of cyprodinil averaged approximately 144,000 pounds of 

active ingredient annually and was applied to approximately 500,000 treated acres at an overall 

application rate of 0.3 lbs a.i. per acre. The Figure 1 below shows usage trends, in terms of 

pounds a.i. applied, for cyprodinil's leading agricultural markets. From 1998-2010, the crops 

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with the most pounds a.i. applied were almonds (40%), wine grapes (22%), table grapes (13%) 

and strawberries (6%). Cyprodinil use on almonds, wine and table grapes, and strawberries 

increased yearly for the most part, with marked increases in 2010. These crops ranked similarly 

with regard to total acres treated. From 2006-2010, cyprodinil use on additional crops, coupled 

with the increases in use on grapes and strawberries contributed greatly to the increase in pounds 

applied and acres treated during that period. As such, the agricultural use summaries below 

focus on usage for years 2006-2010 to more accurately portray current usage. 

Figure 1. C rodinil Use Trends, Pounds A.1. A lied, 1998-2010 

350,000 "tJ 

.!!! 

Q. 

a. 

'it 

<i. 

III 

"tJ 

C 

:::s 

o 

Q. 

~ m 0 ~ N m ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ m 0 m moo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ~ 

m moo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ~ ~ N N N N N N N N N N N 

Year 

Source: EPA Proprietary Data, 1998-2010 

• Other 

• Strawberries 

• Grapes, Wine 

• Grapes, Table 

. Almonds 

"Other" crops, ranked from highest to lowest pounds a.i. applied, include peaches, plums/prunes, apples, raisin 

grapes, caneberries, apricots, lettuce, pears, pistachios, cucumbers, onions, watermelons, beans, cherries, pumpkins, 

cantaloupes, cabbage, squash, asparagus, and garlic. 

Agricultural Use, 2006-2010 

Based on private market pesticide usage data from 2006-2010, the annual total agricultural usage 

averaged approximately 203,000 pounds active ingredient for 677,000 treated acres, for an 

overall average application rate of 0.3 lbs a.i. per acre. 

From 2006-2010, the crops with the most pounds a.i. applied were almonds (36%), wine grapes 

(20%), table grapes (14%), and strawberries (8%), as shown in Figure 2. The overall average 

application rate for these crops was 0.3 lbs a.i. per acre. The above crops also ranked similarly 

with regard to total acres treated (TAT). 

Figure 2. Cyprodinil: Top Crops for Pounds AI Applied, 2006-2010 

Strawberries 

8% 

Source: EPA Proprietary Data, 2006-2010 

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On average, the states with the most agricultural usage in terms of pounds a.i. applied were 

California (88%), Washington (2%), Oregon (3%) and New York (2%), as shown in Figure 3. 

Figure 3. Cyprodinil: Top States for Pounds AI Applied, 2006-2010 

• California 

• New York 

• Oregon 

• Washington 

• Other I 

Source: ~----~--~--~~~~~~~~~~ EPA Proprietary Data, 2006-2010 ~ 

"Other" states include CT, NM, GA, TX, OR, WV, IN, NJ, NC, VA, SC, FL, PA, and MI. 

Agricultural Use: Nurseries and Floriculture 

During 2006, 700 pounds of cyprodinil was reported to be applied in nurseries at an average rate 

ofO.299lbs/acre according to the 2007 USDA NASS Agricultural Chemical Usage, Nursery & 

Floriculture report. In 2009, only 100 pounds of cyprodinil was reported to be applied in 

nurseries at an average rate of 0.263 lbs/acre according to the 2011 USDA NASS Agricultural 

Chemical Usage, Nursery & Floriculture report. 

BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS RELEVANT TO CYPRODINIL 

Cyprodinil inhibits methionine biosynthesis in fungi and belongs to fungicide group 9 (FRAC, 

2010). Cyprodinil is a systemic fungicide. After foliar application it is up taken into plants and 

transported throughout the plant (Tomlin, 1997). Cyprodinil was registered in the united States 

in 1998 and since then resistance in Botrytis causing gray mold disease and Venturia causing 

apple scab have been reported (FRAC, 2010). It is not out of the ordinary that resistance in these 

two fungi has been reported because they have high propensity to develop resistance against 

fungicides because of their genetic makeup. The risk of fungi developing resistance against this 

fungicide is medium and resistance management is recommended (FRAC, 2010). 

HISTORY OF BEAD ASSESSMENTS FOR CYPRODINIL 

Usage Report in Support of Reregistration for the Fungicides DCNA (031301) & Fenhexamid 

(090209), Iprodione (109801), Vinclozolin (113201), and Chlorothalonil (081901), 

Coniothyrium minitans (028836), Captan (081301), Trifloxystrobin (129112), Cyprodinil 

(288202), Iprodione (109801), Thiophanate-methyl (102001), Kresoxim-methyl (129111). Jenna 

Carter on April 10, 2006. 

Section 18 Emergency Request History: 

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Cyprodinil was registered in the United States in 1998 for the control of fungal diseases on some 

crops. During 1999- 2008, many States (such as Oregon, Washington, Georgia and Indiana) 

requested its emergency on strawberry, caneberries, leafy vegetables, cucurbits and watermelons 

(please see references) to control fungal diseases. Since then cyprodinil has been registered for 

use on these crops (CDMS, 2011). Presently, there is no emergency exemption request for this 

fungicide on any crop. 

DATA NEEDS RELEVANT TO BEAD'S FUTURE WORK ON CYPRODINIL 

Nonagricultural use data would be most helpful for future work on cyprodinil. 

REFERENCES 

Carter, J. 2006. Usage Report in Support of Reregistration for the Fungicides DCNA (031301) 

& Fenhexamid (090209), Iprodione (109801), Vinclozolin (113201), and Chlorothalonil 

(081901), Coniothyrium minitans (028836), Captan (081301), Trifloxystrobin (129112), 

Cyprodinil (288202), Iprodione (109801), Thiophanate-methyl (102001), Kresoxim-methyl 

(129111). Jenna Carter. AprillO, 2006. 

Chand-Goyal, T. and A. Lee. 2008. Review of a Section 18 Request for the Emergency Use of 

Tank Mixed Cyprodinil(08-GA-02, DP # 351243) and Difenoconazole (08-GA-Ol, DP 

# 351235) on Cucurbits in Georgia to Control Gummy Stem Blight Disease Caused by 

Didymella bryonia. May 2, 2008. 

Chand-Goyal, T. and A. Lee. 2008. Review ofa Section 18 Request for the Emergency Use of 

Tank Mixed Cyprodinil(08-1N-02, DP # 353505) and Difenoconazole (08-IN-Ol, DP # 

353500) on Watermelons in Indiana to Control Gummy Stem Blight 

Disease Caused by Didymella bryonia. August 19,2008. 

Chand-Goyal, T. and F. Hernandez. 1998. Review of Florida Emergency Exemption Request 

for the Use of Cyclohexanecarboxamide (99-FL-Ol, D250835 and D250834), Cyprodinil (99-

FL-02, D250843 and D250841) and Fludioxinil (99-FL-03, D250855 and D250854) to Control 

Gray Mold Disease (caused by Botrytis cinerea) on Strawberry Plants. December 1, 1998. 

Chand-Goyal, T. and F. Hernandez. 1999. Review ofa Region Specific Emergency Exemption 

Request Submitted by Oregon for the Use of Elevate (fenhexamid) and Switch (cyprodinil and 

fludioxonil) in Oregon and Washington on Strawberry Plants to Control Gray Mold Disease 

Caused by Botrytis cinerea (99-0R-28, D254531 and D254533). April 13, 1999. 

CDMS. 2011. http://premier.cdms.netlwebapls/F ormsLogin.asp? /webapls/ 

Donaldson, D. and R. Michell. 2000. Washington and Oregon Emergency Exemption Requests 

to Use Switch (Fludioxonil plus Cyprodinil) and Elevate (Fenhexamid) for Control of Botrytis 

on Caneberries (00-WA-20; 00-OR-18)(D263951 and D263952). April 25, 2000. 

EPA Cyprodinil Label Use Information System Report (LUIS), July 2011 

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EPA Proprietary Data (1998-2010) 

FRAC. 2010. Fungicide Resistance Action Committee Code List. Assessed 08.24.2011 

http://www.frac.info/frac/publicationlanhang/FRAC Code List 201 O.pdf 

Hernandez, F. and R. Michell. 1999. Washington and Oregon Requests for Emergency 

Exemption Use of Switch (Fludioxonil plus Cyprodinil) and/or Elevate (Fenhexamid) to Control 

Botrytis on Caneberries (99-WA-31; 99-0R-37). June 16, 1999. 

Second Reduced Risk Determination for Cyprodinil (CGA 219417). Nov. 6, 1996 -- Hard copy 

only. 

Tomlin, CDS. 1997. The Pesticide Manual. Published by the British Crop Protection 

CouncilFarnham, Surrey GU9 7PH, UK. 1606pp. 

USDA NASS (2007,2011), Agricultural Chemical Usage, Nursery & Floriculture Report. 

Yourman, L. and I. Yusuf. 2003. Request for Emergency Exemption Use ofa Fungicide Mix of 

Fludioxonil (03TX09) and Cyprodinil (03TX12) to Manage Powdery Mildew on Leafy 

Vegetables in Texas [DP Barcodes D289210, D289213; Case # 295959,295962]. May 28, 

2003. 

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