# Patent

## Title
Priming pump for a circuit subjecting said pump to an outlet pressure greater than an inlet pressure

## Abstract

The invention provides a priming pump comprising a deformable envelope associated with an inlet endpiece and an outlet endpiece each fitted with a moving valve member, the endpieces being arranged in such a manner that when the valve members are in the closed position, the outlet endpiece presents a leakage rate that is greater than the leakage rate of the inlet endpiece.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/926,325 filed Aug. 26, 2004, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,484,942, which is hereby incorporated by reference as though fully set forth herein.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a priming pump for a circuit subjecting said pump to an outlet pressure greater than an inlet pressure, intended in particular for mounting in parallel with a fuel circuit in certain vehicles, for example vehicles fitted with engines having a common injector manifold.
2. Discussion of Related Art
In this type of configuration, shown in FIG. 1 which is a diagram of a fuel circuit, the fuel initially contained in a tank 1 passes through a filter 2, and is then drawn into an injector pump 3 by means of a feed line 4. The outlet from the injector pump 3 is connected to injectors 5 for feeding the cylinders of the engine, and excess fuel is returned to the tank 1 by means of a return line 6.
The return line 6 is at a pressure greater than the pressure that exists in the tank 1, while the feed line 4 is at a pressure that is lower than the pressure in the tank 1.
A priming pump 7 is disposed between the feed line 4 and the return line 6 of the injector pump 3 in order to re-prime it after running out of fuel or after taking action on the feed circuit. For this purpose, the priming pump 7 has inlet and outlet endpieces fitted with moving check valve members (not shown in the figure) so that when the priming pump is operated, fuel is transferred from the feed line 4 to the return line 6 (arrow 8) in order to force-feed the injector pump 3.
In a configuration with the priming pump in parallel as shown in FIG. 1, no fuel flows through the priming pump during normal operation of the engine, and as a result fuel stagnates permanently in the priming pump.
The valve members included in the inlet and outlet endpieces of the priming pump thus remain in the closed position during normal operation of the engine, and so the valve member for the inlet endpiece is subjected to suction from the feed line and the valve member for the outlet endpiece is subjected to pressure from the return line.
Unfortunately, the valve members in the endpieces are never perfectly seated against their seats, and each of them therefore presents a residual leakage rate. Depending on which one of the valve members presents the greater leakage rate during operation of the engine, the priming pump can be subjected either to excess pressure, in which case it will become slightly inflated, or else to suction, in which case it runs the risk of collapsing. This can be particularly troublesome. Since the pump is located in an environment that is very hot, it runs the risk of becoming progressively thermoformed in the position that it occupies while the engine is running.
Being thermoformed in the inflated position has no effect on the operation of the priming pump. It will still be able to perform its function whenever necessary. However, being thermoformed in the collapsed position makes the pump unusable. The invention seeks to avoid this situation
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Thus, the invention provides a priming pump including inlet and outlet endpieces fitted with moving valve members and which are arranged, according to the invention, in such a manner that when the valve members are in the closed position, the outlet endpiece has a leakage rate that is greater than the leakage rate of the inlet endpiece.
Thus, the greater leakage rate on the outlet side enables the pressure that exists at the outlet of the pump to become dominant in the priming pump. Since the outlet pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure, the priming pump is maintained under pressure, thus keeping its envelope in its inflated position and preventing it from collapsing under the effect of the suction that exists in the feed line to the injector pump.
In a particular aspect of the invention, each of the endpieces comprises a hollow body defining a cavity defined at one end by an end wall having an orifice through which a coupling opens out for connecting the priming pump to a circuit, and at the other end by a cover fitted thereto and having an orifice, the valve member being mounted inside the cavity so as to be pressed, in the closed position, against the orifice in the end wall of the hollow body in the inlet endpiece and against the orifice in the fitted cover in the outlet endpiece.
In an advantageous aspect of the invention, the hollow bodies, the covers, and the valve members are identical for the inlet and outlet endpieces, the valve members being mounted in opposite directions in the two endpieces.
Preferably, the orifices in the end walls of the hollow bodies are of a shape corresponding to the shape of the valve members so as to ensure closure with leakage at a low rate, while the orifices of the fitted covers are of a shape that does not correspond to the shape of the valve members so as to deliberately create leakage between a valve member and a fitted cover at a flow rate that is greater than the flow rate of leakage between a valve member and the end wall of a hollow body.
This disposition makes it simple to obtain asymmetry in the residual leakage rates between the endpieces.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention appear more clearly in the light of the following description of a particular, non-limiting embodiment of the invention. Reference is made to the accompanying figures, in which, in addition to FIG. 1, which is described above:
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic section view of a priming pump of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view of the end walls of the hollow bodies in each of the endpieces of the priming pump; and
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view of the fitted cover on each of the endpieces of the priming pump.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
With reference to FIG. 2 and in conventional manner, the priming pump 7 comprises an elastomer envelope having a central zone 10 of large diameter that is manually deformable, the central zone 10 being associated with coupling zones 11 which extend from opposite sides thereof and which contain directional endpieces, specifically an inlet endpiece 12 and an outlet endpiece 13.
The inlet endpiece 12 and the outlet endpiece 13 both comprise a respective hollow body 14 engaged in the corresponding coupling zone 11 of the envelope. The hollow bodies 14 are extended by respective couplings 15 for connecting the priming pump to the circuit, the coupling 15 opening out via an orifice 20 into one of the end walls 21 of the hollow body 14. The hollow bodies 14 form respective cavities 16 that are defined between the end walls 12, and respective covers 17 that are fitted thereto and that present respective orifices 18.
In each of the endpieces 12, 13, a valve member 19 is mounted to move in the cavity 16. It should be observed that the valve members 19 in the inlet and outlet endpieces 12 and 13 are not mounted symmetrically. The valve member 19 in the inlet endpiece 12 is urged by a spring against the orifice 20 in the end wall 21 of the hollow body 14 so as to close the inlet endpiece 12, while the valve member 19 of the outlet endpiece 13 bears against the orifice 1B in the fitted cover 17 in order to close the outlet endpiece 13. The orifices 18 and 20 thus form seats for the valve members 19.
With reference to FIG. 3, the orifice 20 in the end wall 21 of the hollow bodies 14 are perfectly circular. The valve member 19 of the inlet endpiece 12, possesses a conical bearing surface, and thus fits well when pressed against the orifice 20. Leakage between the valve member 19 and the orifice 20 is thus zero or very small.
With reference to FIG. 4, the orifice 18 in the cover 17 has an outline that is not circular, for example in this case it is square with rounded corners. The conical bearing surface of the valve member 19 in the outlet endpiece 13 therefore does not fit well when pressed against the orifice 18 (the trace of the valve member pressing against the orifice 18 is represented by dashed lines), thereby giving rise, by construction, to a leakage flow at a rate that is small, and thus that is greater than the leakage rate through the inlet endpiece 12.
As a result, inlet and outlet endpieces are obtained that are made using exactly the same parts, but that present greater or smaller leakage rates depending on the direction in which the respective valve members are mounted.
The leakage rate difference of the invention thus makes it possible to maintain the envelope of the priming pump 7 under pressure whenever the inlet pressure is lower than the outlet pressure. The envelope of the priming pump therefore does not collapse while the engine is in operation, thereby ensuring that it does not become thermoformed under the effect of heat from the engine.
The leakage rates nevertheless remain quite small so as to avoid penalizing the operation of the priming pump when it is actuated.

## Claims

1. A priming pump for a circuit subjecting said pump to an outlet pressure greater than an inlet pressure, the pump comprising a deformable envelope associated with an inlet endpiece and an outlet endpiece, each fitted with a moving valve member,
wherein each of the endpieces comprises a hollow body defining a cavity defined at one end by an end wall including an orifice into which there opens out a coupling for connecting the priming pump to a circuit, and at its other end by a fitted cover including an orifice, the valve member of the inlet endpiece being mounted in the cavity in the inlet endpiece so as to be pressed against the orifice in the end wall of the hollow body, and the valve member of the outlet endpiece being mounted in the outlet endpiece so as to be pressed against the orifice in the fitted cover,
wherein the orifice of the end wall of each endpiece is smaller in area than the orifice of the fitted cover of each endpiece, and
wherein the endpieces are arranged in such a manner that when the valve members are in the closed position, the outlet endpiece presents a leakage rate that is greater than the leakage rate of the inlet endpiece.

2. A priming pump according to claim 1, wherein the hollow bodies, the fitted covers, and the valve members are identical for the inlet and outlet endpieces.

3. A priming pump according to claim 1, wherein said circuit comprises a circuit for conveying liquid.

4. A priming pump according to claim 1, wherein said circuit comprises a fuel circuit.

5. A priming pump according to claim 1, wherein the orifice of the end wall of each endpiece is of a first shape and the orifice of the fitted cover of each endpiece is of a second shape, wherein the first and second shapes are not identical.

6. A priming pump for a circuit subjecting said pump to an outlet pressure greater than an inlet pressure, the pump comprising a deformable envelope associated with an inlet endpiece and an outlet endpiece, each fitted with a moving valve member,
wherein each of the endpieces comprises a hollow body defining a cavity defined at one end by an end wall including an orifice into which there opens out a coupling for connecting the priming pump to a circuit, and at its other end by a fitted cover including an orifice, the valve member of the inlet endpiece being mounted in the cavity in the inlet endpiece so as to be pressed against the orifice in the end wall of the hollow body, and the valve member of the outlet endpiece being mounted in the outlet endpiece so as to be pressed against the orifice in the fitted cover,
wherein the orifice of the end wall of, each endpiece is circular and the orifice of the fitted cover of each endpiece is not circular, and
wherein the endpieces are arranged in such a manner that when the valve members are in the closed position, the outlet endpiece presents a leakage rate that is greater than the leakage rate of the inlet endpiece.

7. A priming pump comprising a deformable envelope associated with an inlet endpiece and an outlet endpiece, each endpiece fitted with a moving valve member and comprising a hollow body defined at one end by an end wall including an orifice into which there opens out a coupling for connecting the priming pump to a circuit, and at its other end by a fitted cover including an orifice, wherein the orifices in the end walls of the hollow bodies are of a cross-sectional shape substantially the same as the cross-sectional shape of the valve members, whereas the orifices in the fitted covers are of a cross-sectional shape that is not substantially the same as the cross-sectional shape of the valve members.

8. A priming pump according to claim 6, wherein the hollow bodies, the fitted covers, and the valve members are identical for the inlet and outlet endpieces.