FILED U.S. COURT OF AP P EALS E LEVEN T HC IRC U IT SEPT 18 , 2006 THOMAS K. KAH

N CLERK [ DO NO T P UB L I S H] I N THE UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS F O R T H E E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT

________________________ N o. 06- 10928 N on -A rgum entC al endar

________________________ D . C. D o c k e tN o . 0 5 - 0 0 2 2 8 - CR- T- 3 0 - M SS U N I T E D S T A T E S O F A M E R I C A , P la in tif f - A p p e lle e , v ersu s J O S E H E RN A N D E Z - F L O R E S , D e f e n d a n t- A p p e lla n t.

________________________ A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f orthe M i ddl e D i s tr i c tof F l or i da

_________________________ ( S e p t e m b e r 18, 2006) B efo re T JO F L A T , B A R K E T T an d K R A V IT C H , C i rcu i tJu d g es. P E R C U R I A M: Jose H ernand ez -F l ores appeal s hi s s ent ence for i l l egal re -e ntryaf t er2

d e p o r t a t i o n , i n v i o l a t i o n o f 8 U. S . C . § 1 3 2 6 . F o rth e r e a s o n s th a tf o l l o w, we a f f i rm. I . Ba c k g r o und I n M a r c h 2005, H e rna nde z - F l or e s w a s a rr e s t e d i n F l or i daf orgr a nd the f

tof a n a u to m o b ile . D u r in g ap o s t- a rr e s t s ta te m e n t, h e a d m itte d th a t h e w a s d e p o r te d in 2 0 0 1 a f te rs e rv in g ap p r o x im a te ly f iv e y e a r s o n ar o b b e ry c o n v ic tio n in V ir g in ia . H ernand ez -F l ores , a M exi ca n n at i on al , w as subsequent l y i nd i ct ed for i l l egal re entryw i tho utperm i ss i on af t erbei ng depo rt ed fol l ow i ng hi s c on vi ct i on for a n a g g r a v a te d f

e lo n y , in v io la tio n o f

8 U .S .C . § 1 3 2 6 . H e a g r e e d to p le a d g u ilty w i tho uta w ri tt en pl eaagre em ent . A ft era c hang e of pl eahear i ng before a m a gi s tr a t e j udge , the di s tr i c tc our ta dopt e d the m a gi s tr a t e j udge ’ s r e c om m e nda t i on t o accep tH ern an d ez-F l o res’ s g u i l ty p l ea an d ad j u d i cat ed H ern an d ez-F l o res g u i l ty. T he prob at i on offi ce r pre pare d a pres ent ence i nv es t i gat i on re po rt(“ P S I” ), as si gn i ng a bas e off

ense l evel of 8 u nd erU . S . S . G . § 2 L 1. 2(a) , w i th a 16 -l evel e nha nc e m e ntunde r§ 2L 1. 2( b) ( 1) ( A ) ba s e d on H e rna nde z - F l or e s ’ s pr i or c onvi c t i on f

orac r i m e of

vi ol e nc e , a nd a3- l e ve l r e duc t i on f ora c c e pt a nc e of re sp o n sib il ity u n d er§ 3 E 1 .1 . T h e p ro b atio n o ff icerth en li sted H er n an d ez -F lo re s’s cr i m i nal hi st ory, w hi ch i ncl ud ed m ul t i pl e c on vi ct i on s f or control l ed subst ance s offe nses , robb ery, and theft , and d et erm i ned thathi s c ri m i nal hi st ory c at egory w as3

V . T h e r e s u ltin g a d v is o ry g u id e lin e s r a n g e w a s 7 0 to 8 7 m o n th s im p r is o n m e n t. H ernand ez -F l ores di d n otobj ec tt o the P S I butm ov ed for ado w nw ar d departure bas ed on hi s a ss i m i l at i on i nt o A m er i ca n cul ture a nd the l ac k o f m edi ca l a tte n tio n f

o rh is g u m d is e a s e , r a s h e s , a n da s th m aw h ile h e w a s in ja il. A t h is s e n te n c in g h e a r in g , H e rn a n d e z - F lo r e s r e q u e s te d ad e p a r tu r e , a r g u in g th a t a se nt ence of 42 m on ths w ou l d b e s uffi ci entpu ni shm ent . H e e xp l ai ned thathe had b e e n w o rk in g in th e U n ite d S ta te s s in c e th e a g e o f n in e , th a t h e h a d r e - e n te r e d to w o rk h u rr ic a n e r e lie f

in F lo r id a , a n d th a t h e h a d a rr a n g e d f o rw o rkin M e x ic o to en ab l e h i m t o su p p o rth i s fam i l y. H e st at ed th ath i s ch i l d ren are A m eri can ci t i zen s, and h e w ant ed t o earn eno ug h m on eyfor them t o return from M exi co t o the U ni t ed S ta te s . H e a g a in a lle g e d th a t h e w a s n o t r e c e iv in g m e d ic a l c a r e in p r is o n . T he c our ts t a r t e d t o i m pos e s e nt e nc e , s t a t i ng tha ti tha d c ons i de r e d the gui de l i ne s r a nge a nd s e nt e nc i ng f a c t or s i n § 3553( a ) , a tw hi c h poi ntthe gove rnm e nti nt e rrupt e d a nd a s ke d t o be he a r d. T he gove rnm e ntthe n r e m i nde d the courtof H ernand ez -F l ores ’ s l engthy cr i m i nal hi st ory a nd ar gu ed thata s ent ence w i thi n the gui de l i ne s r a nge , butnota tthe l ow e nd of the r a nge , w oul d be approp ri at e. T he courti m po se d a se nt ence of 78 m on ths i m pri sonm ent , st at i ng that i tha d c ons i de r e d the S e nt e nc i ng R e f orm A c tof

1984, a nd ha d de t e rm i ne d tha tthe se nt ence w as “ suff

i ci entbu tno tgrea t erthan n ec es sa ryt o com pl y w i th the st atut ory4

pu rposes of se nt enci ng . ” T he courtal so no t ed thati tfoun d n o rea son t o d epart fr om the gu i del i nes s ent ence . H ern an d ez-F l o res n o w ap p eal s. I I . D i s c u s s i on O n appe a l , H e rna nde z - F l or e s a r gue s tha thi s s e nt e nc e w a s unr e a s onabl e a nd thata s ent ence of 42 m on ths w ou l d h ave been suff i ci entt o p un i sh hi s behavi or, d e te rf u tu r e c o n d u c t, a n d p r o te c t th e p u b lic . H e f u r th e ra s s e r ts th a t w e m u s t v a c a te hi s s e nt e nc e be c a us e the di s tr i c tc our tf a i l e d t o s t a t e w i th s pe c i f i c i tyi t s r e a s ons f

or i m pos i ng the s e nt e nc e a nd f a i l e d t o a ddr e s s the § 3553( a ) f a c t or s , s uc h a s the n atu re an d ci rcu m st an ces o f th e o ffen se, h i s ag e, h i s i n t en tt o su p p o rth i s fam i l y, a nd hi s w ork hi s t ory . A l though he a c know l e dge s tha tthe di s tr i c tc our tne e d not di sc uss e ac h sent enci ng fa ct or, he ar gu es thatthe m er e s t at em entthatthe se nt ence i s reaso n ab l e i s i n su ffi ci en tan d th ata sen t en ce w i th i n th e g u i d el i n es i s n o tp er se r e a s onabl e . A c c or di ng t o H e rna nde z - F l or e s , he pr ovi de d the c our tw i th m a ny re as on s f or se nt enci ng hi m bel ow the gu i del i nes r ange, and al tho ug h the court coul d rej ec thi s c l ai m s, the courtcoul d n oti gn ore hi s a rgum ent s und er §§ 35 53 (c )( 1) and (c)( 2). A ft erB oo ker, the di stri ctcourtst i l l m ustcorr ec t l y c al cul at e the gu i del i nes r a nge , a nd w e r e vi e w ade f e nda nt ’ s s e nt e nc e f

orr e a s onabl e ne s s . U ni t e d S t a t e s v.5

D ow d, 451 F . 3d 1244, 1256 ( 11th C i r . 2006) ; U ni t e d S t a t e s v. W i ni nge a r , 422 F . 3d 1 2 4 1 , 1 2 4 4 ( 1 1 th C ir . 2 0 0 5 ) . T h e d e f e n d a n t b e a r s th e b u r d e n o f s h o w in g th a t h is se nt ence w as un re as on abl e. U ni t ed S t at es v. T al l ey , 43 1 F . 3d 78 4, 78 8 (11 th C i r. 20 05 ). I n i m pos i ng s e nt e nc e , the di s tr i c tc our ts houl d c ons i de rthe s e nt e nc i ng fa ct ors f rom § 3 55 3(a) : “ the nature a nd ci rc um st ance s of the offens e, the hi st ory a nd c ha r a c t e r i s t i c s of

the de f e nda nt , the ne e d f

ora de qua t e de t e rr e nc e a nd p ro t ect i o n o f th e p u b l i c, th e p ert i n en tS en t en ci n g C o m m i ssi o n p o l i cy st at em en t s, and the need t o avo i d u nw arra nt ed se nt enci ng di spar i t i es . ” 18 U . S . C . § 3 55 3(a) (1)- (7). A l tho ug h the courtm ustst at e i t s r ea sons for i m po si ng a part i cul arse nt ence , 18 U . S . C . § 3 55 3(c) , the di stri ctcourtneed no tm ent i on ea ch of the § 3 55 3(a) f a c to r s . U n ite dS ta te s v . J o h n s o n , 4 5 1 F .3 d 1 2 3 9 , 1 2 4 4 ( 1 1 th C ir . 2 0 0 6 ) . Y e t, unde rc e r t a i n c i r c um s t a nc e s the c our tm us tpr ovi de a ddi t i ona l r e a s ons f orthe s e n te n c e im p o s e d . 1 8 U .S .C . § 3 5 5 3 ( c ) ( 1 ) & ( c ) ( 2 ) . H e r e , H e rn a n d e z - F lo r e s ’s a r g u m e n ts f a il. F ir s t, h is s e n te n c e w a s r e a s o n ab le . H e rna nde z - F l or e s ha d al e ngthy c r i m i na l hi s t ory . I n f a c t , l oc a l pol i c e i n F l or i da l ea rned hi s i m m i grat i on st atus af t erthey a rr es t ed hi m for gra nd theftof an a u to m o b ile . T h e c o u r t lis te n e d to H e rn a n d e z - F lo r e s ’s a r g u m e n ts ab o u t n e e d in g to supp orthi s f

am i l y a nd i m po se d a se nt ence i n the m i dd l e of the gu i del i nes r ange,6

w hi c h w a s w e l l be l ow the tw e nty - y e a rs t a tut ory m a xi m um . U ni t e d S t a t e s v. M a r t i ne z , 434 F . 3d 1318, 1322 ( 11th C i r . 2006) . M or e ove r , the c our tc ons i de r e d a d o w n w a r d d e p a r tu r e a n d f o u n d th a t th e f

a c ts d id n o t ju s tif

y ar e d u c tio n . H e rn a n d e z - F lo r e s ’s b a r e a lle g a tio n s th a t h is s e n te n c e w a s u n r e a s o n ab le a n d th a t a s e n te n c e o f

4 2 m o n th s w o u ld h a v e b e e n r e a s o n ab le a r e in s u f f ic ie n t to m e e t h is b u r d e n o f

s h o w in g th a t h is s e n te n c e w a s u n r e a s o n ab le . S e c ond, c ontr a ry t o H e rna nde z - F l or e s ’ s a r gum e nt , the tr a ns c r i ptof the se nt enci ng hear i ng show s thatthe courtst at ed thati thad con si dere d the § 3 55 3(a) fa ct ors bef

ore i m po si ng se nt ence . A s the courtst art ed t o ann ou nce the se nt ence , s ta tin g th a t it h a d c o n s id e r e d th e § 3 5 5 3 ( a ) f a c to r s , th e g o v e rn m e n t in te rru p te d . W hen the courtre sum ed, i tdi d n ot , and d i d n otneed t o, re i t er at e thati thad consi dere d the fa ct ors. T he court ’ s s t at em entw as m ore than a si m pl e a ss urance th atth e sen t en ce w as reaso n ab l e; th e co u rtst at ed th ati th ad co n si d ered th o se f a c to r s a n d im p o s e d as e n te n c e th a t w a s s u f f ic ie n t b u t n o t m o r e th a n n e c e s s a ry to m ee ttho se se nt enci ng go al s. T he courtcoul d h ave been m ore e xp l i ci t , bu tfurther e x p la n a tio n w a s n o t r e q u ir e d b e c a u s e th e s e n te n c e w a s w ith in th e g u id e lin e s r a n g e . U ni t ed S t at es v. R ob l es , 40 8 F . 3d 13 24 , 13 28 (11th C i r. 20 05 ). F i na l l y , the di s tr i c tc our tw a s notobl i ga t e d t o gi ve a ddi t i ona l r e a s ons f orthe s e nt e nc e i m pos e d. C ontr a ry t o H e rna nde z - F l or e s ’ s a r gum e nt , §§ 3553( c ) ( 1) a nd7

(c )( 2) w er e i napp l i cabl e. S ec t i on 35 53 (c )( 1) appl i es on l y w hen the gu i del i nes r a nge e xc e e ds 24 m onths ; the r a nge he r e w a s 17 m onths . S e c t i on 3553( c ) ( 2) appl i es on l y w hen the se nt ence i m po se d fal l s out si de the gu i del i nes r ange. H er e, H e rn a n d e z - F lo r e s ’s s e n te n c e o f 7 8 m o n th s w a s w ith in th e g u id e lin e s r a n g e o f 7 0 to 8 7 m o n th s . F o rth e r e a s o n s ab o v e , w e a f f irm th e d is tr ic t c o u r t. A F F I R M E D .