8B-i



### APPENDIX 8B. SUPPLEMENTARY LIFE-CYCLE COST AND PAYBACK

PERIOD RESULTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

8B.1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... B-1

8B.2 INTRODUCTION TO UNCERTAINTY AND VARIABILITY .................................. B-1

8B.3 UNCERTAINTY ............................................................................................................ B-2

8B.4 VARIABILITY ................................................................................................ ...............B-2

8B.5 APPROACHES TO UNCERTAINTY AND VARIABILITY ...................................... B-2

8B.6 PROBABILITY ANALYSIS AND THE USE OF CRYSTAL BALL ..........................B-3

8B.7 HIGH-SAVINGS AND LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIOS ................................ ..............B-5

B.7.1 Manufacturer Selling Price Adjustments for High-Savings and LowSavings Scenarios ................................ ............................................................B-5

B.7.2 Product Lifetime Adjustments for High-Savings and Low-Savings

Scenarios .......................................................................................................... B-7

B.7.3 Usage Profile Adjustments for High-Savings and Low-Savings

Scenarios .......................................................................................................... B-8

B.7.4 Loading Point Adjustments for High-Savings and Low-Savings

Scenarios ........................................................................................................ B-11

B.7.5 Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Results for External Power

Supplies in the High-Savings Scenario ..........................................................B-12

B.7.6 Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Results for External Power

Supplies in the Low-Savings Scenario ..........................................................B-14

B.7.7 Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Results for Battery Chargers in the

High -Savings Scenario ................................................................ ...................B-15

B.7.8 Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Results for Battery Chargers in the

Low-Savings Scenario ................................................................ ...................B-18

8B.8 LIFE -CYCLE COST AND PAYBACK PERIOD RESULTS FOR THE

COMMERCIAL SECTOR

................................................................ .....................B-20

B.8.1 Class A External Power Supply Results for the Commercial Sector .............B-21

B.8.2 Battery Charger Results for the Commercial Sector

...................................... B-2 2

8B.9 LIFE -CYCLE COST AND PAYBACK PERIOD RESULTS USING

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PRICE SCENARIOS

................................ ................B-26

B.9.1 Class A External Power Supply Results Using Alternative Energy Price

Scenarios ........................................................................................................ B-27

B.9.1.1 Class A External Power Supply Results Using AEO 2010 HighGrowth Price Scenario ............................................................. B-27

B.9.1. 2 Class A External Power Supply Results Using AEO 2010 LowGrowth Price Scenario ............................................................. B-28

B.9.1.3 Class A External Power Supply Results Using Carbon Cap and

Trade Price Scenario ................................................................ B-30

B.9.2 Battery Charger Results Using Alternative Energy Price Scenarios .............B-32

B.9.2.1 Battery Charger Results Using AEO 2010 High-Growth Price

Scenario

................................................................ .................... B-328B- ii 

### B.9.2.2 Battery Charger Results Using AEO 2010 Low-Growth Price

Scenario

................................................................ .................... B-35

B.9.2.3 Battery Charger Results Using Carbon Cap and Trade

Price Scenario

................................................................... B-38

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 8B.7.1 MANUFACTURER SELLING PRICE ADJUSTMENTS FO R

EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES HIGH- AND LOW-SAVINGS

SCENARIOS ................................ ...............................................................8 B-6

TABLE 8B.7.2 MANUFACTURER SELLING PRICE ADJUSTMENTS FOR

BATTERY CHARGERS HIGH- AND LOW-SAVINGS

SCENARIOS ................................ ...............................................................8 B-7

TABLE 8B.7.3 LIFETIME ADJUSTMENTS FOR CLASS A EPS HIGH

- AND LOWSAVINGS SCENARIOS ................................................................ .............8 B-8

TABLE 8B.7.4 LIFETIME ADJUSTMENTS FOR BC HIGH- AND LOW-SAVINGS

SCENARIOS ................................ ...............................................................8 B-8

TABLE 8B.7.5 USAGE PROFILE ADJUSTMENTS FOR EPS HIGH- AND LOWSAVINGS SCENARIOS ................................................................ ...........8 B-10

TABLE 8B.7.6 USAGE PROFILE ADJUSTMENTS FOR BC HIGH- AND LOWSAVINGS SCENARIOS ................................................................ ...........8 B-10

TABLE 8B.7.7 2.5W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES (MANUFACTURER DATA),

HIGH-SAVINGS SCENARIO .................................................................. 8 B-12

TABLE 8B.7.8 18W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES (MANUFACTURER DATA),

HIGH-SAVINGS SCENARIO .................................................................. 8 B-13

TABLE 8B.7.9 60W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES (MANUFACTURER DATA),

HIGH-SAVINGS SCENARIO .................................................................. 8 B-13

TABLE 8B.7.10 120W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES (MANUFACTURER

DATA), HIGH-SAVINGS SCENARIO ................................ ...................8 B-13

TABLE 8B.7.11 2.5W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES (MANUFACTURER DATA),

LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIO ................................................................... 8 B-14

TABLE 8B.7.12 18W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES (MANUFACTURER DATA),

LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIO ................................................................... 8 B-14

TABLE 8B.7.13 60W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES (MANUFACTURER DATA),

LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIO ................................................................... 8 B-14

TABLE 8B.7.14 120W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES (MANUFACTURER

DA TA), LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIO ................................ ....................8 B-15

TABLE 8B.7.15 LOW ENERGY, INDUCTIVE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), HIGH -SAVINGS SCENARIO ................8 B-15

TABLE 8B.7.16 LOW ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), HIGH -SAVINGS SCENARIO ................8 B-15

TABLE 8B.7.17 LOW ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), HIGH -SAVINGS SCENARIO................8 B-16

TABLE 8B.7.18 LOW ENERGY, HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), HIGH -SAVINGS SCENARIO ................8 B-168B- iii



### TABLE 8B.7.19 LOW ENERGY, HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), HIGH -SAVINGS SCENARIO................8 B-16

TABLE 8B.7.20 MEDIUM ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), HIGH -SAVINGS SCENARIO ................8 B-16

TABLE 8B.7.21 MEDIUM ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), HIGH -SAVINGS SCENARIO................8 B-17

TABLE 8B.7.22 HIGH ENERGY BATTERY CHARGERS (MANUFACTURER

DATA), HIGH-SAVINGS SCENARIO ................................ ...................8 B-17

TABLE 8B.7.23 LOW ENERGY, AC OUT BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), HIGH -SAVINGS SCENARIO ................8 B-17

TABLE 8B.7.24 LOW ENERGY, AC OUT BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), HIGH -SAVINGS SCENARIO................8 B-17

TABLE 8B.7.25 LOW ENERGY, INDUCTIVE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIO .................8 B-18

TABLE 8B.7.26 LOW ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIO .................8 B-18

TABLE 8B.7.27 LOW ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIO ................8 B-18

TABLE 8B.7.28 LOW ENERGY, HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIO .................8 B-19

TABLE 8B.7.29 LOW ENERGY, HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIO ................8 B-19

TABLE 8B.7.30 MEDIUM ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIO .................8 B-19

TABLE 8B.7.31 MEDIUM ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIO ................8 B-19

TABLE 8B.7.32 HIGH ENERGY BATTERY CHARGERS (MANUFACTURER

DATA), LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIO ................................ ....................8 B-20

TABLE 8B.7.33 LOW ENERGY, AC OUT BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIO .................8 B-20

TABLE 8B.7.34 LOW ENERGY, AC OUT BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIO ................8 B-20

TABLE 8B.8.1 2.5W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES (MANUFACTURER DATA),

COMMERCIAL SECTOR ........................................................................ 8 B-21

TABLE 8B.8.2 18W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES (MANUFACTURER DATA),

COMMERCIAL SECTOR ........................................................................ 8 B-21

TABLE 8B.8.3 60W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES (MANUFACTURER DATA),

COMMERCIAL SECTOR ........................................................................ 8 B-22

TABLE 8B.8.4 120W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES (MANUFACTURER DATA),

COMMERCIAL SECTOR ........................................................................ 8 B-22

TABLE 8B.8.5 LOW ENERGY, INDUCTIVE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), COMMERCIAL SECTOR ......................8 B-23

TABLE 8B.8.6 LOW ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), COMMERCIAL SECTOR ......................8 B-23

TABLE 8B.8.7 LOW ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), COMMERCIAL SECTOR ......................8 B-238B- iv



### TA BLE 8B.8.8 LOW ENERGY, HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), COMMERCIAL SECTOR ......................8 B-24

TABLE 8B.8.9 LOW ENERGY, HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), COMMERCIAL SECTOR ......................8 B-24

TABLE 8B.8.10 MEDIUM ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), COMMERCIAL SECTOR ......................8 B-24

TABLE 8B.8.11 MEDIUM ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), COMMERCIAL SECTOR ......................8 B-25

TABLE 8B.8.12 HIGH ENERGY BATTERY CHARGERS (MANUFACTURER

DATA), COMMERCIAL SECTOR ..........................................................8 B-25

TABLE 8B.8.13 LOW ENERGY, AC OUT BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), COMMERCIAL SECTOR ......................8 B-25

TABLE 8B.8.14 LOW ENERGY, AC OUT BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), COMMERCIAL SECTOR ......................8 B-26

TABLE 8B.9.1 2.5W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES, AEO 2010 HIGH-GROWTH ..... 8 B-27

TA BLE 8B.9.2 18W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES, AEO 2010 HIGH-GROWTH ...... 8 B-27

TABLE 8B.9.3 60W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES, AEO 2010 HIGH-GROWTH ...... 8 B-28

TABLE 8B.9.4 120W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES, AEO 2010 HIGH-GROWTH .... 8 B-28

TABLE 8B.9.5 2.5W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES, AEO 2010 LOW-GROWTH ...... 8 B-29

TABLE 8B.9.6 18W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES, AEO 2010 LOW-GROWTH ....... 8 B-29

TABLE 8B.9.7 60W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES, AEO 2010 LOW-GROWTH ....... 8 B-29

TABLE 8B.9.8 120W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES, AEO 2010 LOW-GROWTH ..... 8 B-3 0

TABLE 8B.9.9 2.5W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES, CARBON CAP AND TRADE

SCENARIO................................ ................................................................8 B-30

TABLE 8B.9.10 18W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES, CARBON CAP AND TRADE

SCENARIO................................ ................................................................8 B-31

TABLE 8B.9.11 60W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES, CARBON CAP AND TRADE

SCENARIO................................ ................................................................8 B-31

TABLE 8B.9.12 120W EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLIES, CARBON CAP AND

TRADE SCENARIO ................................................................ .................8 B-31

TABLE 8B.9.13 LOW ENERGY, INDUCTIVE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), AEO 2010 HIGH-GROWTH ...................8 B-32

TABLE 8B.9.14 LOW ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), AEO 2010 HIGH-GROWTH ...................8 B-32

TABLE 8B.9.15 LOW ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), AEO 2010 HIGH-GROWTH ..................8 B-33

TABLE 8B.9.16 LOW ENERGY, HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), AEO 2010 HIGH-GROWTH ...................8 B-33

TABLE 8B.9.17 LOW ENERGY, HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), AEO 2010 HIGH-GROWTH ..................8 B-33

TABLE 8B.9.18 MEDIUM ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), AEO 2010 HIGH-GROWTH ...................8 B-34

TABLE 8B.9.19 MEDIUM ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), AEO 2010 HIGH-GROWTH ..................8 B-34

TABLE 8B.9.20 HIGH ENERGY BATTERY CHARGERS (MANUFACTURER

DATA), AEO 2010 HIGH-GROWTH ................................ ......................8 B-348B-v



### TABLE 8B.9.21 LOW ENERGY, AC OUT BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), AEO 2010 HIGH-GROWTH ...................8 B-35

TABLE 8B.9.22 LOW ENERGY, AC OUT BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), AEO 2010 HIGH-GROWTH ..................8 B-35

TABLE 8B.9.23 LOW ENERGY, INDUCTIVE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), AEO 2010 LOW-GROWTH ...................8 B-35

TABLE 8B.9.24 LOW ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), AEO 2010 LOW-GROWTH ...................8 B-36

TABLE 8B.9.25 LOW ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), AEO 2010 L OW -GROWTH ...................8 B-36

TABLE 8B.9.26 LOW ENERGY, HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), AEO 2010 LOW-GROWT H ...................8 B-36

TABLE 8B.9.27 LOW ENERGY, HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), AEO 2010 LOW-GROWTH ...................8 B-37

TABLE 8B.9.28 MEDIUM ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), AEO 2010 LOW-GROWTH ...................8 B-37

TABLE 8B.9.29 MEDIUM ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), AEO 2010 LOW-GROWTH ...................8 B-37

TABLE 8B.9.30 HIGH ENERGY BATTERY CHARGERS (MANUFACTURER

DATA), AEO 2010 LOW-GROWTH .......................................................8 B-38

TABLE 8B.9.31 LOW ENERGY, AC OUT BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), AEO 2010 LOW-GROWTH ...................8 B-38

TABLE 8B.9.32 LOW ENERGY, AC OUT BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), AEO 2010 LOW-GROWTH ...................8 B-38

TABLE 8B.9.33 LOW ENERGY, INDUCTIVE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), CARBON CAP AND TRADE

SCENARIO................................ ................................................................8 B-39

TABLE 8B.9.34 LOW ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), CARBON CAP AND TRADE

SCENARIO................................ ................................................................8 B-39

TABLE 8B.9.35 LOW ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), CARBON CAP AND TRADE

SCENARIO) ................................ ..............................................................8 B-39

TABLE 8B.9.36 LOW ENERGY, HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), CARBON CAP AND TRADE

SCENARIO................................ ................................................................8 B-40

TABLE 8B.9.37 LOW ENERGY, HIGH VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), CARBON CAP AND TRADE

SCENARIO................................ ................................................................8 B-40

TABLE 8B.9.38 MEDIUM ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), CARBON CAP AND TRADE

SCENARIO................................ ................................................................8 B-40

TABLE 8B.9.39 MEDIUM ENERGY, LOW VOLTAGE BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), CARBON CAP AND TRADE

SCENARIO................................ ................................................................8 B-418B- vi



### TABLE 8B.9.40 HIGH ENERGY BATTERY CHARGERS (MANUFACTURER

DATA), CARBON CAP AND TRADE SCENARIO ...............................8 B-41

TABLE 8B.9.41 LOW ENERGY, AC OUT BATTERY CHARGERS

(MANUFACTURER DATA), CARBON CAP AND TRADE

SCENARIO................................ ................................................................8 B-41

TABLE 8B.9.42 LOW ENERGY, AC OUT BATTERY CHARGERS

(TEST/TEARDOWN DATA), CARBON CAP AND TRADE

SCENARIO................................ ................................................................8 B-42

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 8B.7.1.1 UNIFORM PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION.......................................... 8 B-4

FIGURE 8B.7.1.2 TRIANGULAR PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION .................................. 8 B-4

FIGURE 8B.7.1.3 NORMAL PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION ................................ ...........8 B-4

FIGURE 8B.8.2.1 RESIDENTIAL ELECTRICITY PRICE FORECAST ............................8 B-268B-1



### APPENDIX 8B. SUPPLEMENTARY LIFE-CYCLE COST AND PAYBACK

PERIOD RESULTS

8B.1 INTRODUCTION

This appendix discusses uncertainty and variability analyses and presents results for

various input scenarios other than the reference case scenario presented in chapter 8. Results for

the reference case of the life-cycle cost (LCC) and payback period (PBP) analysis using a

distribution of unit energy consumption amounts, discount rates, sales tax, and electricity prices

are presented in chapter 8. The average LCC savings for non-reference scenarios at each

efficiency level ( EL ) for each battery charger (BC) and external power supply (EPS) design are

presented in this appendix. DOE also presents the median PBP because it is the most statistically

robust measure of the PBP.

This appendix presents the LCC and PBP analysis results for high-savings and lowsavings scenarios based on sensitivities of the reference case inputs. Additionally, this appendix

presents LCC and PBP results using high - and low-economic-growth electricity price trends, as

well as electricity price trends based on a carbon cap and trade scenario. These datasets were

generated using the Energy Information Admin istration’s (EIA’s) Annual Energy Outlook 20 10

Early Release (

AEO20 10 ) and the S.2191 report accompanying the Lieberman-Warner Climate

Security Act of 2007 (S2191), respectively. Finally, the appendix presents results for the

commercial sector, using commercial discount rates and electricity prices.

8B.2 INTRODUCTION TO UNCERTAINTY AND VARIABILITY

Analysis of an energy-efficiency standard involves calculations of impacts, for example,

the impact of a standard on consumer LCC. In order to perform the calculation, the analyst must

first: 1) specify the equation or model that will be used; 2) define the quantities in the equation;

and 3) provide numerical values for each quantity. In the simplest case, the equation is

unambiguous (contains all relevant quantities and no others), each quantity has a single

numerical value, and the calculation results in a single value. However, certainty and precision

are rarely the case. In almost all cases, the model and/or the numerical values for each quantity

in the model are not completely known (i.e., there is uncertainty) or the model and/or the

numerical values for each quantity in the model depend upon other conditions (i.e., there is

variability).

Thorough analysis involves accounting for uncertainty and variability. While the

simplest analysis involves a single numerical value for each quantity in a calculation, arguments

can arise about what the appropriate value is for each quantity. Explicit analysis of uncertainty

and variability is intended to provide more complete information to the decision-making process.8B-2



### 8B.3 UNCERTAINTY

When making observations of past events or speculating about the future, imperfect

knowledge is the rule rather than the exception. For example, the energy actually consumed by a

particular appliance type (such as the average BC or EPS) is not directly recorded, but rather

estimated based upon available information. Even direct laboratory measurements have some

margin of error. When estimating numerical values expected for quantities at some future date,

the exact outcome is rarely known in advance.

8B.4 VARIABILITY

Variability means that different applications or situations produce different numerical

values when calculating a quantity. Specifying an exact value for a quantity may be difficult

because the value depends on something else. For example, the amount of energy a

representative unit consumes depends upon the specific circumstances and behaviors of the

consumer who is operating it and which application the unit is powering (e.g., how frequently the

product is used, the duration of use, etc.). Variability makes specifying an appropriate

population value more difficult in as much as any one value may not be representative of the

entire population. Surveys can be helpful here, and analysis of surveys can relate the variable of

interest (e.g., unit energy consumption) to other variables that are better known or easier to

forecast (e.g., duration of typical use fo r typical applications ).

8B.5 APPROACHES TO UNCERTAINTY AND VARIABILITY

This section describes two approaches to uncertainty and variability:

1. scenario analysis, and

2. probability analysis.

Scenario analysis uses a single numerical value for each quantity in a calculation, then

changes one (or more) of the numerical values and repeats the calculation. A number of

calculations are done, which provide some indication of the extent to which the result depends

upon the assumptions. For example, the life-cycle cost of a BC or EPS could be calculated for

energy rates of 2, 8, and 14¢ per kWh.

The advantages of scenario analysis are that each calculation is simple; a range of

estimates is used; and crossover points can be identified. (An example of a crossover point is the

energy rate above which the life-cycle cost is reduced, holding all other inputs constant. That is,

the crossover point is the energy rate at which the consumer achieves savings in operating

expense that more than compensate for the increased purchase expense). The disadvantage of

scenario analysis is that there is no information about the likelihood of each scenario.

Probability analysis considers the probabilities within a range of values. For quantities

with variability (e.g., electricity rates of different consumers), surveys can be used to generate a

frequency distribution of numerical values (e.g., the number of households with electricity rates8B-3



### at particular levels) to estimate the probability of each value. For quantities with uncertainty,

statistical or subjective measures can be used to provide probabilities (e.g., manufacturing cost to

improve energy efficiency to some level may be estimated to be $10 ± $3).

Th e major disadvantage of the probability approach is that it requires more information,

namely information about the shapes and magnitudes of the variability and uncertainty of each

quantity. The advantage of the probability approach is that it provides greater information about

the outcome of the calculations, that is, it provides the probability that the outcome will be in a

particular range.

Scenario and probability analysis provide some indication of the robustness of the policy

given the uncertainties and variability. A policy is robust when the impacts are acceptable over a

wide range of possible conditions.

8B.6 PROBABILITY ANALYSIS AND THE USE OF CRYSTAL BALL

To quantify the uncertainty and variability that exist in inputs to the LCC and payback

period analyses, DOE used Microsoft Excel spreadsheets combined with Crystal Ball®, a

commercially available add-in, to conduct probability analyses. The probability analyses used

Monte Carlo simulation and probability distributions.

Simulation refers to any analytical method meant to imitate a real-life system, especially

when other analyses are too mathematically complex or too difficult to reproduce. Without the

aid of simulation, a spreadsheet model will only reveal a single outcome, generally the most

likely or average scenario. Spreadsheet risk analysis uses both a spreadsheet model and

simulation to automatically analyze the effect of varying inputs on outputs of the modeled

system. One type of spreadsheet simulation is Monte Carlo simulation, which randomly

generates values for uncertain variables again and again to simulate a system. Monte Carlo

simulation was named for Monte Carlo, Monaco, where the primary attractions are casinos

containing games of chance. Games of chance, such as roulette wheels, dice, and slot machines,

exhibit random behavior. The random behavior in games of chance is similar to how Monte

Carlo simulation utilizes variable values at random to simulate a model. For example, one knows

that a rolled die will present a 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 after coming to rest, but one does not know

which value will be presented on any particular roll. It is the same with the variables that have a

known range of values but an uncertain value for any particular time or event (e.g., electricity

prices and discount rate).

For each uncertain variable (one that has a range of possible values), possible values are

defined with a probability distribution. The type of distribution selected is based on the

conditions surrounding that variable. Probability distribution types include:8B-4



### During a simulation, multiple scenarios of a model are calculated by repeatedly sampling

values from the probability distributions for the uncertain variables and using those values in the

simulation. Crystal Ball simulations can consist of as many trials (or scenarios) as desired

— hundreds or even thousands. During a single trial, Crystal Ball randomly selects a value from the

defined possibilities (the range and shape of the probability distribution) for each uncertain

variable and then recalculates the spreadsheet. Figure 8 B.7.1

. 3 Normal

Probability Distribution Figure 8 B.7.1

. 2 Triangular

Probability Distribution Figure 8 B.7.1

. 1 Uniform

Probability Distribution8B-5



### 8B.7 HIGH-SAVINGS AND LOW-SAVINGS SCENARIOS

DOE conducted sensitivity analyses to quantify the relationship between certain critical

inputs to the life-cycle cost analysis and the resultant weighted-average LCC savings for EPSs

and BCs. These critical inputs were manufacturer selling prices (MSPs), product lifetimes, usage

profiles, and loading points (EPSs only). As presented in chapter 8, all results for EPSs use

manufactur er

- provided data (“Manufacturer Data”) and all results for BCs use both

Manufacturer Data and data from DOE’s tests and teardowns (“Test/Teardown Data”) where

available. For the teardown results, DOE varied all the inputs except for the MSP, because the

MSP was based on iSuppli teardowns of physical units, which did not have an associated

uncertainty. By varying the critical inputs simultaneously, DOE calculated a low-savings case

and a high-savings case for weighted-average LCC savings to compare with the reference case

presented in chapter 8.

B.7.1 Manufacturer Selling Price Adjustments for High-Savings and Low-Savings

Scenarios

To create general relationships between cost and efficiency, DOE aggregated

manufacturer MSP data and determined a reference case MSP value for each candidate standard

level (CSL) of each EPS and BC representative unit and product class, respectively. The

reference MSP was obtained by looking up the MSP from an equation of the curve-fit for cost

and efficiency data at a particular CSL. Additional detail on the methodology used to derive the

reference MSPs can be found in chapter 5.

However, presenting the reference case MSPs alone does not capture the variation

present in the original manufacturer responses. Specifically, some manufacturer MSPs were

above the curve fits, while some were below. Therefore, a measure is needed of how far above

and how far below the original manufacturer responses were in relation to the curve fits. In order

to highlight the type of variation present in the manufacturer MSP data while avoiding disclosure

of the individual responses, DOE evaluated low -MSP and high-MSP scenarios.

The low -MSP and high-MSP scenarios were based on the average error of manufacturer

data points below and above the curve fits, respectively. Specifically, the low-MSP scenario was

calculated by multiplying the reference case MSPs by an average residual factor. The average

residual factor was the ratio of the original MSP provided by manufacturers compared to the

curve-fit MSP at a particular efficiency level. The average residual factor used for the low-MSP

scenario was the average of all the residual factors that were less than or equal to 1, which

corresponds to all the manufacturer data that was at or below the curve fit. The average residual

factor used for the high-MSP scenario was the average of all the residual factors that were

greater than or equal to 1, which corresponds to all the manufacturer data that was at or above

the curve fit.8B-6



### The low -MSP scenario corresponds to a high-savings case, and the high-MSP scenario

corresponds to a low-savings case. The reason for this is that the level of savings from more

efficient products depends on how much the savings in energy usage over the lifetime of the

product will exceed the additional cost associated with a more efficient product. All other

factors being constant, the low-MSP scenario results in a product that has the same efficiency,

but a lower MSP than under the reference case. Therefore, since the energy savings have stayed

the same, but the MSPs have decreased, the overall savings will be higher for the low -MSP

scenario. Conversely, the high-MSP case results in lower LCC results, and was used for the lowsavings case.

Table 8B.7

. 1 Manufacturer Selling Price Adjustments for External Power Supplies Highand Low-Savings Scenarios

Representative

Unit CSL Manufacturer Selling Price ($)

High

Savings Reference Low

Savings

2.5 W 0 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00

1 $0.04 $0.04 $0.04

2 $0.22 $0.23 $0.24

3 $0.30 $0.31 $0.32

4 $0.40 $0.42 $0.43

18 W 0 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00

1 $0.19 $0.32 $0.56

2 $0.25 $0.42 $0.74

3 $0.47 $0.79 $1.39

4 $0.73 $1.23 $2.18

60 W 0 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00

1 $0.20 $0.24 $0.32

2 $0.59 $0.71 $0.96

3 $1.31 $1.58 $2.13

4 $2.40 $2.90 $3.90

120 W 0 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00

1 $0.52 $0.66 $0.82

2 $0.97 $1.23 $1.52

3 $1.11 $1.41 $1.75

4 $3.98 $5.03 $6.258B-7



### Table 8B.7

. 2 Manufacturer Selling Price Adjustments for Battery Chargers High- and

Low-Savings Scenarios

Representative

Product Class CSL Manufacturer Selling Price ($)

Manufacturer Interview Data Testing and Teardown Data

High

Savings Reference Low

Savings High

Savings* Reference Low

Savings*

Low Energy,

Inductive 0 $1.81 $2.05 $2.44

- -

-

1 $1.96 $2.22 $2.64

-

2 $2.16 $2.45 $2.91

-

3 $2.30 $2.60 $3.10

-

Low Energy,

Low Voltage 0 $0.54 $0.62 $0.76

No change -

No change

1 $0.96 $1.09 $1.34 $0.62

2 $10.29 $11.71 $14.35 $2.62

3

- - - -

Low Energy,

High Voltage 0 $3.20 $3.79 $4.76

No change $3.79

No change

1 $8.03 $9.52 $11.93 $6.76

2 $10.70 $12.68 $15.90 $7.44

3

- - - -

Medium Energy,

Low Voltage 0 $16.34 $18.48 $21.99

No change 18.48

No change

1 $24.27 $27.46 $32.67 21.71

2 $56.69 $64.14 $76.32

-

3 112.25 $127.00 $151.12

-

High Energy 0 $73.45 $79.01 $86.15

- -

-

1 $88.25 $94.94 $103.52

-

2 $118.11 $127.05 $138.54

-

3 $179.78 $192.32 $209.71

-

Low Energy, AC

Output 0 $2.44 $2.76 $3.28

No change $2.76

No change

1 $3.47 $3.93 $4.67 $2.11

2 $3.75 $4.25 $5.06

-

3 $4.10 $4.64 $5.53

- * For the BC Test/Teardown units, the high-savings and low-savings MSPs are identical to the reference case

because an actual teardown was used to estimate the MSP, and thus, there was no variation.



### B.7.2 Product Lifetime Adjustments for High-Savings and Low-Savings Scenarios

DOE assumes that, in most cases, the lifetimes for BCs and EPSs are equivalent to those

of the applications they power. DOE therefore determined BC/EPS lifetimes based on a variety

of sources that indicated lifetimes for BC/EPS applications, such as market research, stakeholder

comments, and industry reports. Chapter 3 describes BC and EPS lifetimes in more detail.

In some cases, DOE found multiple sources that assigned different lifetimes to a specific

application. In these cases DOE used the average of the stated values in the reference case

analysis. For the high-savings case DOE used the source that provided the highest reasonable

lifetime, while in the low-savings case DOE used the source that provided the lowest reasonable

lifetime. Application lifetimes for which only one source was available or no source was

available (in which case DOE made an assumption regarding the lifetime) were not altered in the

high - or low-savings scenarios.8B-8



### Table 8B. 7

. 3 and Table 8B.7

. 4 show the lifetime values used in the reference, low-, and

high -savings scenarios only for those applications where the values varied between the scenarios.

Table 8B.7

. 3 Lifetime Adjustments for Class A EPS High- and Low-Savings Scenarios

Application EPS Lifetime ( years )

High

- Savings Reference Low

- Savings

Answering Machines 6.0 5.0 4.0

Camcorders 6.0 4.9 3.7

Clock Radios 6.0 4.7 4.0

Cordless Phones 6.0 5.3 5.0

Indoor Fountains 7.0 4.7 2.0

Netbooks 4.0 3.5 3.0

Notebooks 4.0 3.3 3.0

Table 8B.7

. 4 Lifetime Adjustments for BC High- and Low-Savings Scenarios

Application BC Lifetime ( years )

High

- Savings Reference Low

- Savings

Answering Machines 6.0 5.0 4.0

Beard and Mustache Trimmers 5.0 4.5 4.0

Blenders 6.0 5.0 4.0

Camcorders 6.0 4.9 3.7

Can Openers 6.0 5.0 4.0

Cordless Phones 6.0 5.3 5.0

DIY Power Tools (External) 7.7 5.9 5.0

DIY Power Tools (Integral) 7.7 5.9 5.0

Golf Carts 9.7 6.4 3.0

Mixers 6.0 5.0 4.0

Mobile Phones 4.0 2.0 2.0

Netbooks 4.0 3.5 3.0

Notebooks 4.0 3.3 3.0

Professional Power Tools 7.7 5.4 3.0

Shavers 5.0 4.1 3.3

Universal Battery Chargers 8.0 6.0 4.0

B.7.3 Usage Profile Adjustments for High-Savings and Low-Savings Scenarios

Usage profiles are inputs to the calculation of annual unit energy consumption (UECs).

For many applications, DOE identified multiple sources that provided BC or EPS usage profiles.

To calculate reference case profiles, DOE either chose the usage profile from the source it

believed to best characterize the typical use of a BC or EPS, or it chose a weighted average of

multiple sources. This methodology is detailed in chapter 7.8B-9



### In the high- and low -savings scenarios, DOE varied the usage profiles where multiple

sources were available for a single application. To maximize savings in the LCC analysis (highsavings scenario), DOE selected the sources that maximized time spent in active modes with

high loading points. To minimize savings (low-savings scenario), DOE selected the sources that

minimized time spent in the modes with high loading points. Table 8B.7

. 5 and Table 8B.7

. 6

contain the usage profiles, listed by application, that were adjusted in the high

- and low-savings

scenarios, along with the reference case usage profiles for those applications.8B- 10



### Table 8B.7

. 5 Usage Profile Adjustments for EPS High- and Low-Savings Scenarios

Application Savings

Case Active 1 Active 2 Active 3 Active 4 Active 5 Active 6 No

- Load Unplugged

[hrs/wk]

DIY Power

Tools

(External) App State Charging Maint

. No

battery No

- Load Unplugged

Reference 2.01 40.14 1.99 1.99 121.8 6

Low 0.69 4.83 162.48

DIY Power

Tools

(Integral) App State Charging Maint

. No

- Load Unplugged

Reference 2.01 40.14 3.9 9 121.86

Low 0.69 4.83 162.48

E

- Books App State Charging Maint

. No

- Load Unplugged

Reference 10.08 42.42 59.5 0 56 .00

Low 2.8 0 4.2 0 161 .00

External

Media

Drives App State Active Idle No

- Load Unplugged

High 21 .00 21 .00 126 .00

Reference 21 .00 21 .00 63 .00 63 .00

Ink Jet

Imaging

Equipment App State Active Ready Off

High 5.43 12.64 149.93

Reference 5.0 6 11.38 151.5 7

Low 1.69 166.31

In

- Vehicle

GPS App State Charging Maint

. No

- Load Unplugged

High 10.08 42.42 59.5 0 56 .00

Reference 2.8 0 4.2 0 161 .00

Mobile

Phones App State Charging Maint

. No

- Load Unplugged

High 20.93 21.07 112.56 13.44

Reference 20.93 21.07 49 .00 77 .00

Notebooks App State On and

Charging On with

DVD

playing Off and

Charging On Sleep Off Unplugged

High 1.73 5.18 1.73 43.08 45.43 67.87 2.99

Reference 4.14 5.1 8 4.14 25.0 3 21.76 81.14 26.60

Low 5.75 5.1 8 5.75 13.0 1 5.98 89.9 9 42.3 5

Personal

Digital

Assistants App State Charging Maint

. No

- Load Unplugged

Reference 9.31 32.69 49 .00 77 .00

Low 10.08 42.42 59.5 0 56 .00

Toy Ride

- On

Vehicles App State Charging Maint

. No

- Load Unplugged

Reference 10.08 42.42 59.5 0 56 .00

Low 2.8 0 4.2 0 161 .00



### Table 8B.7

. 6 Usage Profile Adjustments for BC High- and Low-Savings Scenarios8B- 11 Application Savings

Case Active +

Maintenance No

Battery Unplugged Charges

(hrs/day) (#/day)

Answering Machines Reference 21.84 2.16 0.00 0.71

Low 18.48 5.52 0.00 0.21

Consumer Two

- Way Radios Reference 4.63 5.38 14.00 0.55

Low 0.50 0.50 23.00 0.04

Cordless Phones Reference 21.84 2.16 0.00 0.71

Low 18.48 5.52 0.00 0.21

Digital Cameras Reference 1.03 1.17 21.80 0.09

Low 0.47 0.53 23.00 0.07

DIY Power Tools (Integral) High 23.50 0.50 0.00 0.07

Reference 12.30 0.10 11.60 0.10

Low 1.50 0.50 22.00 0.07

E

- Books High 7.50 8.50 8.00 0.29

Reference 1.00 0.00 23.00 0.14

Hedge Trimmers Reference 6.15 0.05 17.80 0.05

Low 3.91 0.10 20.00 0.70

In

- Vehicle GPS High 7.50 8.50 8.00 0.29

Reference 1.00 0.00 23.00 0.14

Mobile Phones High 8.00 11.20 4.80 0.57

Reference 6.00 7.00 11.00 0.71

Mobility Scooters High 19.00 5.00 0.00 1.00

Reference 12.00 12.00 0.00 0.70

Netbooks High 18.56 0.04 5.40 0.66

Reference 18.00 0.00 6.00 0.71

Notebooks High 21.62 0.28 2.10 0.39

Reference 20.23 0.17 3.60 0.51

Weed Trimmers Reference 6.15 0.05 17.80 0.05

Low 3.91 0.10 20.00 0.70

Wheel Chairs High 12.00 12.00 0.00 1.00

Reference 12.00 12.00 0.00 0.70



### B.7.4 Loading Point Adjustments for High-Savings and Low-Savings Scenarios

Loading points, as described in chapter 7, are inputs in the calculation of EPS UECs.

DOE assumed in the non-Class A EPS determination analysis that standard active-mode loading

points for EPSs are approximately 80-percent loaded. The results of subsequent tests suggested

that this value may be closer to 60-percent, so DOE adopted a default loading point of 60-percent

in the reference case scenario.8B- 12



### To calculate UECs in the high-savings case, DOE readjusted the highest active-mode

loading points to 80-percent, reflecting the assumption used in the non-Class A EPS

determination analysis. In the low-savings case, DOE assumed the highest active-mode loading

point to be 40-percent. 1



### In the high- and low -savings analysis, DOE did not alter the loading points of any

application for which loading point test data were available. Loading points derived from test

data are indicated as such in appendix 7A.

B.7.5 Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Results for External Power Supplies in the

High-Savings Scenario

Table 8B. 7

. 7 through Table 8B. 7

. 10 present the LCC and PBP results for the four Class

A EPS representative units using the high-savings scenario inputs. All other variables and inputs

use the reference case value.

Table 8B.7

. 7 2.5W External Power Supplies (Manufacturer Data), High-Savings Scenario

CSL Eff.*

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price †

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC †

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 58.3 0.500 0.00 2.05 2.05

- - - - - -

1 67.9 0.300 0.06 1.41 1.47 0.19 0.0 65.8 34.2 0.4 0.7

2 71.0 0.130 0.34 1.09 1.43 0.23 22.1 15.0 62.9 2.7 3.2

3 73.5 0.100 0.45 0.95 1.40 0.25 25.7 3.2 71.1 3.2 3.3

4 74.0 0.053 0.61 0.88 1.49 0.17 51.1 0.0 48.9 4.0 4.4

* “Eff.” stands for “efficiency level.”

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

1 EPSs for home security systems are the one exception to this methodology. Since these EPSs operate almost

entirely in maintenance mode (which is assumed to have a loading point of 17-percent), DOE adjusted this value up

to 20-percent in the high-savings case and left it at 17-percent in the low-savings case.8B- 13



### Table 8B.7

. 8 18W External Power Supplies (Manufacturer Data), High-Savings Scenario

CSL Eff.*

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price †

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC †

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 76.0 0.500 0.00 7.32 7.32

- - - - - -

1 80.3 0.300 0.26 5.60 5.86 0.51 4.8 65.9 29.3 0.6 2.0

2 83.0 0.200 0.35 4.62 4.97 1.27 10.8 15.6 73.6 0.4 1.4

3 85.4 0.100 0.65 3.77 4.42 1.79 13.9 3.3 82.8 0.8 3.1

4 87.5 0.062 1.02 3.15 4.17 2.04 17.1 0.0 82.9 1.2 4.4

* “Eff.” stands for “efficiency level.”

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.



### Table 8B.7

. 9 60W External Power Supplies (Manufacturer Data), High-Savings Scenario

CSL Eff.*

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price †

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC †

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 85.0 0.500 0.00 5.49 5.49

- - - - - -

1 87.0 0.500 0.28 4.84 5.12 0.12 0.1 66.1 33.8 1.8 1.8

2 87.0 0.200 0.85 4.09 4.94 0.27 10.7 15.3 74.0 2.7 2.8

3 88.0 0.073 1.88 3.47 5.35

- 0.13 70.4 3.2 26.4 4.4 4.6

4 91.0 0.073 3.45 2.55 6.00

- 0.78 87.7 0.0 12.3 5.4 5.5

* “Eff.” stands for “efficiency level.”

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.



### Table 8B.7

. 10 120W External Power Supplies (Manufacturer Data), High-Savings

Scenario

CSL Eff.*

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price †

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC †

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 85.0 0.500 0.00 8.96 8.96

- - - - - -

1 87.0 0.500 0.73 7.76 8.49 0.16 0.0 65.9 34.1 2.4 2.3

2 88.0 0.230 1.36 6.57 7.93 0.63 0.0 15.2 84.8 2.1 2.0

3 88.4 0.210 1.56 6.29 7.85 0.72 1.0 3.2 95.8 2.2 2.2

4 91.7 0.165 5.58 4.37 9.95

- 1.39 89.0 0.0 11.0 5.1 5.3

* “Eff.” stands for “efficiency level.”

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.8B- 14



### B.7.6 Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Results for External Power Supplies in the

Low-Savings Scenario

Table 8B. 7

. 11 through Table 8B. 7

. 14 present the LCC and PBP results for the four Class

A EPS representative units using the low -savings scenario inputs. All other variables and inputs

use the reference case value.

Table 8B.7

. 11 2.5W External Power Supplies (Manufacturer Data), Low-Savings Scenario

CSL Eff.*

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price †

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC †

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 58.3 0.500 0.00 1.50 1.50

- - - - - -

1 67.9 0.300 0.06 1.01 1.08 0.15 3.6 66.2 30.2 0.4 1.7

2 71.0 0.130 0.35 0.80 1.16 0.08 49.0 15.6 35.4 3.9 12.3

3 73.5 0.100 0.48 0.70 1.18 0.06 59.4 3.2 37.4 3.9 12.8

4 74.0 0.053 0.64 0.66 1.30

- 0.06 74.2 0.0 25.8 5.1 18.1

* “Eff.” stands for “efficiency level.”

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.



### Table 8B.7

. 12 18W External Power Supplies (Manufacturer Data), Low-Savings Scenario

CSL Eff.*

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price †

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC †

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 76.0 0.500 0.00 5.74 5.74

- - - - - -

1 80.3 0.300 0.79 4.37 5.15 0.21 8.3 66.1 25.6 1.8 7.7

2 83.0 0.200 1.04 3.59 4.63 0.65 14.1 15.2 70.7 1.4 5.7

3 85.4 0.100 1.96 2.91 4.87 0.42 41.2 3.2 55.6 2.9 12.6

4 87.5 0.062 3.05 2.43 5.48

- 0.19 55.1 0.0 44.9 4.1 18.0

* “Eff.” stands for “efficiency level.”

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.



### Table 8B.7

. 13 60W External Power Supplies (Manufacturer Data), Low-Savings Scenario

CSL Eff.*

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price †

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC †

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 85.0 0.500 0.00 4.14 4.14

- - - - - -

1 87.0 0.500 0.46 3.66 4.12 0.00 20.8 66.4 12.8 3.6 3.5

2 87.0 0.200 1.38 3.05 4.43

- 0.26 72.4 15.4 12.2 5.1 5.1

3 88.0 0.073 3.06 2.57 5.63

- 1.42 94.8 3.2 2.0 8.1 8.5

4 91.0 0.073 5.62 1.89 7.51

- 3.30 99.7 0.0 0.3 10.3 10.4

* “Eff.” stands for “efficiency level.”

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.8B- 15



### Table 8B.7

. 14 120W External Power Supplies (Manufacturer Data), Low-Savings Scenario

CSL Eff.*

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price †

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC †

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 85.0 0.500 0.00 5.20 5.19

- - - - - -

1 87.0 0.500 1.14 4.51 5.65

- 0.15 32.9 65.9 1.2 5.1 4.7

2 88.0 0.230 2.13 3.78 5.91

- 0.37 77.1 15.7 7.2 4.1 4.0

3 88.4 0.210 2.45 3.61 6.06

- 0.51 90.6 3.3 6.1 4.5 4.4

4 91.7 0.165 8.75 2.52 11.26

- 5.72 100.0 0.0 0.0 10.6 11.0

* “Eff.” stands for “efficiency level.”

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.



### B.7.7 Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Results for Battery Chargers in the HighSavings Scenario

Table 8B. 7

. 15 through Table 8B. 7

. 24 present the LCC and PBP results for the six BC

representative units using the high -savings scenario inputs. All other variables and inputs use the

reference case value. Results are presented using Manufacturer Data and Test/Teardown Data

where available.

Table 8B.7

. 15 Low Energy, Inductive Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), HighSavings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 10.0 3.88 4.83 8.71

- - - - - -

1 7.0 4.07 3.38 7.45 0.94 0.0 25.0 75.0 0.6 0.6

2 3.5 4.34 1.69 6.03 2.19 0.0 12.5 87.5 0.7 0.7

3 1.5 4.52 0.72 5.25 2.98 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.8 0.7



### Table 8B.7

. 16 Low Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), HighSavings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 10.0 1.25 3.83 5.08

- - - - - -

1 6.0 1.87 2.49 4.36 0.31 5.3 60.8 33.9 1.4 2.0

2 1.2 15.89 0.60 16.50

- 11.47 97.1 2.8 0.1 21.2 30.38B- 16



### Table 8B.7

. 17 Low Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), HighSavings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 10.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

1 6.0 1.42 2.86 4.28

- - - - - -

2 1.2 4.43 0.45 4.88

- 0.61 70.7 2.8 26.5 4.7 6.3



### Table 8B.7

. 18 Low Energy, High Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), HighSavings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 39.4 6.78 22.48 29.27

- - - - - -

1 10.5 13.61 5.76 19.36 1.86 0.7 81.4 17.9 2.3 2.3

2 6.1 17.38 3.28 20.67 1.07 42.1 38.4 19.5 6.6 7.0



### Table 8B.7

. 19 Low Energy, High Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), HighSavings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 39.4 8.04 20.08 28.12

- - - - - -

1 10.5 12.23 5.47 17.70 1.95 0.6 81.4 18.0 1.2 1.6

2 6.1 13.20 3.41 16.61 2.64 8.8 38.2 53.0 1.4 2.1



### Table 8B.7

. 20 Medium Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data),

High-Savings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 202.7 40.58 91.05 131.63

- - - - - -

1 159.6 52.23 73.15 125.38 2.99 8.8 56.7 34.5 2.1 6.7

2 100.0 99.82 40.89 140.71

- 6.49 46.1 40.4 13.5 5.6 6.7

3 75.0 181.38 30.58 211.96

- 77.74 99.4 0.0 0.6 15.2 36.18B- 17



### Table 8B.7

. 21 Medium Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data),

High-Savings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 202.7 45.92 113.47 159.39

- - - - - -

1 159.6 50.65 83.55 134.20 10.62 0.0 56.9 43.1 1.0 1.0



### Table 8B.7

. 22 High Energy Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), High-Savings

Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 290.0 182.03 246.93 428.95

- - - - - -

1 250.0 203.71 212.87 416.58 5.93 4.5 50.1 45.4 5.4 5.1

2 200.0 247.44 170.29 417.73 5.03 31.0 30.2 38.8 7.3 7.2

3 150.0 336.32 127.72 464.04

- 41.27 91.8 0.0 8.2 11.7 12.6



### Table 8B.7

. 23 Low Energy, AC Out Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), High-Savings

Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 19.6 5.25 11.12 16.37

- - - - - -

1 6.4 6.74 3.62 10.36 5.34 0.0 11.1 88.9 1.1 1.1

2 4.0 7.14 2.27 9.41 6.28 0.0 0.0 100.0 1.2 1.2

3 1.5 7.65 0.85 8.50 7.19 0.0 0.0 100.0 1.3 1.3



### Table 8B.7

. 24 Low Energy, AC Out Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), HighSavings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 19.6 5.93 11.12 17.06

- - - - - -

1 6.4 4.54 3.62 8.15 7.90 0.0 11.1 88.9 0.0 0.08B- 18



### B.7.8 Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Results for Battery Chargers in the LowSavings Scenario

Table 8B. 7

. 25 through Table 8B. 7

. 34 present the LCC and PBP results for the six BC

representative units using the low -savings scenario inputs. All other variables and inputs use the

reference case value. Results are presented using Manufacturer Data and Test/Teardown Data

where available.

Table 8B.7

. 25 Low Energy, Inductive Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), LowSavings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 10.0 5.22 4.84 10.06

- - - - - -

1 7.0 5.48 3.39 8.87 0.89 0.0 25.4 74.6 0.9 0.8

2 3.5 5.84 1.69 7.54 2.05 0.0 12.4 87.6 1.0 0.9

3 1.5 6.09 0.73 6.81 2.78 0.0 0.0 100.0 1.0 1.0



### Table 8B.7

. 26 Low Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), LowSavings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 10.0 1.74 2.73 4.47

- - - - - -

1 6.0 2.61 1.66 4.27 0.08 23.5 61.6 14.9 2.2 4.0

2 1.2 22.19 0.41 22.60

- 17.74 97.2 2.8 0.0 36.7 67.6



### Table 8B.7

. 27 Low Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), LowSavings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 10.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

1 6.0 1.42 2.05 3.47

- - - - - -

2 1.2 4.43 0.28 4.71

- 1.21 76.6 2.9 20.5 5.9 9.78B- 19



### Table 8B.7

. 28 Low Energy, High Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), LowSavings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 39.4 10.08 12.80 22.88

- - - - - -

1 10.5 20.23 3.41 23.64

- 0.23 14.1 81.4 4.5 4.2 4.0

2 6.1 25.83 2.02 27.85

- 2.83 58.3 38.3 3.4 11.1 12.1



### Table 8B.7

. 29 Low Energy, High Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), LowSavings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 39.4 8.03 13.43 21.46

- - - - - -

1 10.5 12.22 3.54 15.76 1.03 1.1 81.0 17.9 1.3 1.6

2 6.1 13.19 1.97 15.16 1.35 14.9 38.7 46.4 1.5 2.8



### Table 8B.7

. 30 Medium Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), LowSavings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 202.7 54.63 37.18 91.81

- - - - - -

1 159.6 70.31 32.92 103.23

- 4.82 42.4 57.6 0.0 15.0 18.1

2 100.0 134.38 10.27 144.65

- 29.68 52.5 41.0 6.5 28.0 24.2

3 75.0 244.16 7.56 251.72

- 136.75 100.0 0.0 0.0 65.0 107.8



### Table 8B.7

. 31 Medium Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data),

Low-Savings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 202.7 45.93 57.56 103.48

- - - - - -

1 159.6 50.66 36.72 87.39 7.58 1.0 56.6 42.4 2.2 2.18B- 20



### Table 8B.7

. 32 High Energy Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), Low-Savings Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 290.0 213.52 84.60 298.12

- - - - - -

1 250.0 238.96 72.91 311.87

- 6.83 49.8 50.2 0.0 6.6 6.1

2 200.0 290.25 58.30 348.55

- 32.69 70.2 29.8 0.0 8.9 8.8

3 150.0 394.51 43.68 438.20

- 122.34 100.0 0.0 0.0 14.3 15.3



### Table 8B.7

. 33 Low Energy, AC Out Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), Low-Savings

Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 19.6 7.06 11.14 18.20

- - - - - -

1 6.4 9.07 3.62 12.69 4.93 0.0 11.2 88.8 1.5 1.4

2 4.0 9.62 2.27 11.89 5.74 0.0 0.0 100.0 1.6 1.6

3 1.5 10.30 0.85 11.15 6.48 0.0 0.0 100.0 1.8 1.7



### Table 8B.7

. 34 Low Energy, AC Out Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), Low-Savings

Scenario

CSL UEC

k Wh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings Payback Period

Avg.

Installed

Price

200 9 $ Avg.

Operating

Cost

200 9 $ Avg.

LCC

200 9 $ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

200 9 $ Consumer s with

Median

yrs. Mean

yrs. Net

Cost

% No

Impact

% Net

Benefit

%

0 19.6 5.94 11.14 17.08

- - - - - -

1 6.4 4.54 3.62 8.16 7.93 0.0 11.2 88.8 0.0 0.0



### 8B.8 LIFE-CYCLE COST AND PAYBACK PERIOD RESULTS FOR THE

COMMERCIAL SECTOR

This section presents LCC and PBP results for the commercial sector using the reference

case for all other variables. The results use the commercial electricity price, electricity price

trend, and discount rate, but keep all other inputs constant with the residential sector reference

case. As presented in chapter 8, all results for EPSs use Manufacturer Data and all results for

BCs use both Manufacturer Data and Test/Teardown Data where available.8B- 21



### B.8.1 Class A External Power Supply Results for the Commercial Sector

Table 8B. 8

. 1 through Table 8B. 8

. 4 present the LCC and PBP results for the four Class A

EPS representative units using inputs for the commercial sector.

Table 8B.8

. 1 2.5W External Power Supplies (Manufacturer Data), Commercial Sector

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Median

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 58.3 0.500 0.00 1.39 1.39

- - -

1 67.9 0.300 0.06 0.90 0.96 0.14 66.0 0.5

2 71.0 0.130 0.35 0.72 1.06 0.06 15.2 4.2

3 73.5 0.100 0.47 0.63 1.09 0.03 3.3 4.3

4 74.0 0.053 0.63 0.59 1.22

- 0.09 0.0 5.9

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.8

. 2 18W External Power Supplies (Manufacturer Data), Commercial Sector

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Me dian

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 76.0 0.500 0.00 5.25 5.25

- - -

1 80.3 0.300 0.44 4.00 4.45 0.27 66.0 1.3

2 83.0 0.200 0.59 3.30 3.89 0.75 15.2 0.9

3 85.4 0.100 1.11 2.69 3.79 0.84 3.3 1.9

4 87.5 0.062 1.73 2.24 3.97 0.66 0.0 2.7

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 22



### Table 8B.8

. 3 60W External Power Supplies (Manufacturer Data), Commercial Sector

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Me dian

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 85.0 0.500 0.00 3.71 3.71

- - -

1 87.0 0.500 0.35 3.27 3.62 0.03 66.0 2.7

2 87.0 0.200 1.02 2.75 3.78

- 0.10 15.2 4.1

3 88.0 0.073 2.28 2.32 4.60

- 0.91 3.3 6.8

4 91.0 0.073 4.18 1.71 5.89

- 2.19 0.0 8.2

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.8

. 4 120W External Power Supplies (Manufacturer Data), Commercial Sector

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Me dian

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 85.0 0.500 0.00 5.23 5.23

- - -

1 87.0 0.500 0.92 4.53 5.45

- 0.08 66.0 3.8

2 88.0 0.230 1.72 3.82 5.54

- 0.15 15.2 3.3

3 88.4 0.210 1.97 3.65 5.62

- 0.23 3.3 3.6

4 91.7 0.165 7.05 2.54 9.59

- 4.20 0.0 8.9

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### B.8.2 Battery Charger Results for the Commercial Sector

Table 8B. 8

. 6 through Table 8B. 8

. 13 present the LCC and PBP results for the six BC

representative units using inputs for the commercial sector. Results are presented using

Manufacturer Data and Test/Teardown Data where available.8B- 23



### Table 8B.8

. 5 Low Energy, Inductive Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), Commercial

Sector

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me dian

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 10.0 4.39 3.83 8.22

- - -

1 7.0 4.61 2.68 7.29 0.70 25.0 0.8

2 3.5 4.91 1.34 6.26 1.60 12.5 0.9

3 1.5 5.12 0.57 5.69 2.17 0.0 0.9

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.8

. 6 Low Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data),

Commercial Sector

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me dian

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumer s

with No

Impact*

%

0 10.0 1.42 2.64 4.06

- - -

1 6.0 2.13 1.66 3.79 0.11 60.8 1.9

2 1.2 18.11 0.36 18.47

- 14.16 2.8 29.0

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.8

. 7 Low Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data),

Commercial Sector

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me dian

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 10.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

1 6.0 1.42 1.99 3.41

- - -

2 1.2 4.43 0.31 4.74

- 1.30 2.8 5.1

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 24



### Table 8B.8

. 8 Low Energy, High Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data),

Commercial Sector

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 39.4 8.04 13.30 21.34

- - -

1 10.5 16.14 3.44 19.58 0.33 81.3 3.0

2 6.1 20.61 1.98 22.60

- 1.53 38.3 8.9

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.8

. 9 Low Energy, High Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data),

Commercial Sector

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 39.4 8.04 12.37 20.41

- - -

1 10.5 12.24 3.33 15.57 0.91 81.3 1.5

2 6.1 13.20 2.02 15.22 1.12 38.3 2.1

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.8

. 10 Medium Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data),

Commercial Sector

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 202.7 45.94 72.03 117.97

- - -

1 159.6 59.13 57.73 116.86 0.48 56.6 3.2

2 100.0 113.00 32.65 145.65

- 16.70 40.3 7.8

3 75.0 205.32 24.42 229.75

- 100.80 0.0 24.7

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 25



### Table 8B.8

. 11 Medium Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data),

Commercial Sector

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 202.7 45.94 88.68 134.62

- - -

1 159.6 50.68 65.65 116.33 7.94 56.6 0.9

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.8

. 12 High Energy Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), Commercial Sector

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 290.0 195.92 135.31 331.22

- - -

1 250.0 219.26 116.64 335.90

- 2.34 50.0 6.2

2 200.0 266.32 93.31 359.64

- 18.95 30.0 8.8

3 150.0 361.98 69.99 431.97

- 91.28 0.0 15.5

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.8

. 13 Low Energy, AC Out Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), Commercial

Sector

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 19.6 5.94 8.74 14.68

- - -

1 6.4 7.63 2.84 10.47 3.74 11.1 1.4

2 4.0 8.09 1.78 9.87 4.34 0.0 1.5

3 1.5 8.66 0.67 9.33 4.88 0.0 1.7

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 26



### Table 8B.8

. 14 Low Energy, AC Out Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), Commercial

Sector

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 19.6 5.94 8.74 14.68

- - -

1 6.4 4.54 2.84 7.38 6.49 11.1 0.0

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### 8B.9 LIFE-CYCLE COST AND PAYBACK PERIOD RESULTS USING

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PRICE SCENARIOS

This section presents LCC and PBP results using alternative energy price scenarios from

Energy Information Administration (EIA)’s Annual Energy Outlook 2010 Early Release (AEO

2010). i 

### The other scenarios considered were a high-growth, low-growth, and carbon cap and

trade scenario. Figure 8B.8.2. 1 shows the price forecasts from AEO 2010 for electricity in the

residential sector for the three scenarios considered and the reference case. This section only

shows results for the residential sector. As presented in chapter 8, all results for EPSs use

Manufacturer Data and all results for BCs use both Manufacturer Data and Test/Teardown Data

where available.

Figure 8B.8.2. 1 Residential Electricity Price Forecast8B- 27



### B.9.1 Class A External Power Supply Results Using Alternative Energy Price Scenarios

B.9.1.1 Class A External Power Supply Results Using AEO 2010 High-Growth

Price Scenario

Table 8B. 9

. 1 through Table 8B. 9

. 4 present the LCC and PBP results for the four Class A

EPS representative units using the high-growth electricity price scenario from AEO 2010.

Table 8B.9

. 1 2.5W External Power Supplies, AEO 2010 High-Growth

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 58.3 0.500 0.00 1.78 1.78

- - -

1 67.9 0.300 0.06 1.15 1.22 0.19 66.0 0.4

2 71.0 0.130 0.35 0.92 1.27 0.15 15.2 3.4

3 73.5 0.100 0.47 0.80 1.27 0.14 3.3 3.6

4 74.0 0.053 0.63 0.76 1.38 0.03 0.0 4.8

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 2 18W External Power Supplies, AEO 2010 High-Growth

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 76.0 0.500 0.00 6.70 6.70

- - -

1 80.3 0.300 0.44 5.11 5.56 0.39 66.0 1.1

2 83.0 0.200 0.59 4.21 4.80 1.03 15.2 0.7

3 85.4 0.100 1.11 3.43 4.53 1.29 3.3 1.6

4 87.5 0.062 1.73 2.86 4.59 1.23 0.0 2.2

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 28



### Table 8B.9

. 3 60W External Power Supplies, AEO 2010 High-Growth

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 85.0 0.500 0.00 4.73 4.73

- - -

1 87.0 0.500 0.35 4.17 4.52 0.07 66.0 2.2

2 87.0 0.200 1.02 3.51 4.53 0.06 15.2 3.3

3 88.0 0.073 2.28 2.96 5.24

- 0.63 3.3 5.6

4 91.0 0.073 4.18 2.18 6.36

- 1.75 0.0 6.7

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 4 120W External Power Supplies, AEO 2010 High-Growth

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 85.0 0.500 0.00 6.62 6.62

- - -

1 87.0 0.500 0.92 5.74 6.66

- 0.01 66.0 3.1

2 88.0 0.230 1.72 4.84 6.56 0.07 15.2 2.7

3 88.4 0.210 1.97 4.62 6.60 0.04 3.3 3.0

4 91.7 0.165 7.05 3.22 10.27

- 3.64 0.0 7.3

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### B.9.1.2 Class A External Power Supply Results Using AEO 2010 Low-Growth Price

Scenario

Table 8B. 9

. 5 through Table 8B. 9

. 8 present the LCC and PBP results for the four Class A

EPS representative units using the low -growth electricity price scenario from AEO 2010.8B- 29



### Table 8B.9

. 5 2.5 W External Power Supplies, AEO 2010 Low-Growth

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 58.3 0.500 0.00 1.67 1.67

- - -

1 67.9 0.300 0.06 1.08 1.15 0.18 66.0 0.4

2 71.0 0.130 0.35 0.87 1.21 0.12 15.2 3.6

3 73.5 0.100 0.47 0.76 1.22 0.11 3.3 3.7

4 74.0 0.053 0.63 0.71 1.34 0.00 0.0 5.1

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 6 18W External Power Supplies, AEO 2010 Low-Growth

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 76.0 0.500 0.00 6.32 6.32

- - -

1 80.3 0.300 0.44 4.82 5.26 0.36 66.0 1.1

2 83.0 0.200 0.59 3.97 4.56 0.96 15.2 0.8

3 85.4 0.100 1.11 3.23 4.34 1.17 3.3 1.6

4 87.5 0.062 1.73 2.70 4.43 1.08 0.0 2.3

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 7 60W External Power Supplies, AEO 2010 Low-Growth

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 85.0 0.500 0.00 4.46 4.46

- - -

1 87.0 0.500 0.35 3.94 4.28 0.06 66.0 2.3

2 87.0 0.200 1.02 3.31 4.33 0.02 15.2 3.5

3 88.0 0.073 2.28 2.80 5.08

- 0.70 3.3 5.8

4 91.0 0.073 4.18 2.06 6.24

- 1.86 0.0 7.0

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 30



### Table 8B.9

. 8 120W External Power Supplies, AEO 2010 Low-Growth

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 85.0 0.500 0.00 6.26 6.26

- - -

1 87.0 0.500 0.92 5.43 6.35

- 0.03 66.0 3.3

2 88.0 0.230 1.72 4.57 6.29 0.02 15.2 2.9

3 88.4 0.210 1.97 4.37 6.34

- 0.03 3.3 3.1

4 91.7 0.165 7.05 3.04 10.09

- 3.78 0.0 7.7

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### B.9.1.3 Class A External Power Supply Results Using Carbon Cap and Trade Price

Scenario

Table 8B. 9

. 9 through Table 8B. 9

. 12 present the LCC and PBP results for the four Class

A EPS representative units using the carbon cap and trade electricity price scenario from the

Lieberman-Warner Climate Security Act of 2007. ii



### Table 8B.9

. 9 2.5W External Power Supplies, Carbon Cap and Trade Scenario

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 58.3 0.500 0.00 1.81 1.81

- - -

1 67.9 0.300 0.06 1.17 1.24 0.19 66.0 0.4

2 71.0 0.130 0.35 0.94 1.28 0.16 15.2 3.3

3 73.5 0.100 0.47 0.82 1.29 0.15 3.3 3.4

4 74.0 0.053 0.63 0.77 1.40 0.04 0.0 4.6

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 31



### Table 8B.9

. 10 18W External Power Supplies, Carbon Cap and Trade Scenario

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 76.0 0.500 0.00 6.84 6.84

- - -

1 80.3 0.300 0.44 5.22 5.66 0.40 66.0 1.0

2 83.0 0.200 0.59 4.30 4.89 1.06 15.2 0.7

3 85.4 0.100 1.11 3.50 4.61 1.33 3.3 1.5

4 87.5 0.062 1.73 2.92 4.65 1.29 0.0 2.1

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 11 60W External Power Supplies, Carbon Cap and Trade Scenario

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 85.0 0.500 0.00 4.83 4.83

- - -

1 87.0 0.500 0.35 4.27 4.61 0.08 66.0 2.1

2 87.0 0.200 1.02 3.59 4.61 0.08 15.2 3.2

3 88.0 0.073 2.28 3.03 5.31

- 0.60 3.3 5.3

4 91.0 0.073 4.18 2.23 6.41

- 1.70 0.0 6.4

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 12 120W External Power Supplies, Carbon Cap and Trade Scenario

CSL Efficiency

Level

% No

Load

Power

W Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost

Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price †

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC †

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 85.0 0.500 0.00 6.80 6.80

- - -

1 87.0 0.500 0.92 5.90 6.82

- 0.01 66.0 3.0

2 88.0 0.230 1.72 4.97 6.69 0.10 15.2 2.6

3 88.4 0.210 1.97 4.75 6.72 0.07 3.3 2.8

4 91.7 0.165 7.05 3.31 10.36

- 3.57 0.0 7.0

† Based on an incremental MSP over the baseline.

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 32



### B.9.2 Battery Charger Results Using Alternative Energy Price Scenarios

B.9.2.1 Battery Charger Results Using AEO 2010 High-Growth Price Scenario

Table 8B. 9

. 13 through Table 8B. 9

. 22 present the LCC and PBP results for the six BC

representative units using the high-growth electricity price scenario from AEO 2010. Results are

presented using Manufacturer Data and Test/Teardown Data where available.

Table 8B.9

. 13 Low Energy, Inductive Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), AEO 2010

High-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 10.0 4.39 4.92 9.31

- - -

1 7.0 4.61 3.44 8.05 0.94 25.0 0.6

2 3.5 4.91 1.72 6.63 2.18 12.5 0.7

3 1.5 5.12 0.74 5.86 2.96 0.0 0.8

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 14 Low Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), AEO

2010 High-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 10.0 1.42 3.36 4.78

- - -

1 6.0 2.13 2.11 4.24 0.21 60.8 1.6

2 1.2 18.11 0.46 18.57

- 13.72 2.8 23.8

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 33



### Table 8B.9

. 15 Low Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), AEO

2010 High-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 10.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

1 6.0 1.42 2.53 3.95

- - -

2 1.2 4.43 0.39 4.83

- 0.85 2.8 4.2

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 16 Low Energy, High Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), AEO

2010 High-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 39.4 8.04 17.01 25.06

- - -

1 10.5 16.14 4.40 20.54 0.85 81.3 2.5

2 6.1 20.61 2.53 23.15

- 0.76 38.3 7.3

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 17 Low Energy, High Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), AEO

2010 High-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 39.4 8.04 15.78 23.82

- - -

1 10.5 12.24 4.25 16.49 1.37 81.3 1.3

2 6.1 13.20 2.58 15.78 1.81 38.3 1.8

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 34



### Table 8B.9

. 18 Medium Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), AEO

2010 High-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 202.7 45.94 92.50 138.45

- - -

1 159.6 59.13 74.26 133.39 2.19 56.6 2.6

2 100.0 113.00 41.66 154.66

- 10.50 40.3 6.4

3 75.0 205.32 31.16 236.48

- 92.33 0.0 20.3

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 19 Medium Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data),

AEO 2010 High-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 202.7 45.94 114.41 160.36

- - -

1 159.6 50.68 84.47 135.15 10.94 56.6 0.8

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 20 High Energy Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), AEO 2010 HighGrowth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 290.0 195.92 175.42 371.33

- - -

1 250.0 219.26 151.22 370.48 0.43 50.0 5.1

2 200.0 266.32 120.98 387.30

- 11.35 30.0 7.3

3 150.0 361.98 90.73 452.71

- 76.76 0.0 12.8

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 35



### Table 8B.9

. 21 Low Energy, AC Out Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), AEO 2010

High-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 19.6 5.94 11.30 17.24

- - -

1 6.4 7.63 3.68 11.30 5.28 11.1 1.1

2 4.0 8.09 2.31 10.39 6.19 0.0 1.3

3 1.5 8.66 0.86 9.53 7.06 0.0 1.4

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 22 Low Energy, AC Out Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), AEO 2010

High-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 19.6 5.94 11.30 17.24

- - -

1 6.4 4.54 3.68 8.22 8.02 11.1 0.0

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### B.9.2.2 Battery Charger Results Using AEO 2010 Low-Growth Price Scenario

Table 8B. 9

. 23 through Table 8B. 9

. 32 present the LCC and PBP results for the six BC

representative units using the low-growth electricity price scenario from AEO 2010. Results are

presented using Manufacturer Data and Test/Teardown Data where available.

Table 8B.9

. 23 Low Energy, Inductive Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), AEO 2010

Low-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 10.0 4.39 4.63 9.02

- - -

1 7.0 4.61 3.24 7.85 0.88 25.0 0.7

2 3.5 4.91 1.62 6.53 2.03 12.5 0.7

3 1.5 5.12 0.69 5.81 2.75 0.0 0.8

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 36



### Table 8B.9

. 24 Low Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), AEO

2010 Low-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 10.0 1.42 3.17 4.59

- - -

1 6.0 2.13 1.99 4.12 0.18 60.8 1.6

2 1.2 18.11 0.44 18.54

- 13.83 2.8 24.9

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 25 Low Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), AEO

2010 Low-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 10.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

1 6.0 1.42 2.39 3.81

- - -

2 1.2 4.43 0.37 4.80

- 0.97 2.8 4.4

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 26 Low Energy, High Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), AEO

2010 Low-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 39.4 8.04 16.02 24.07

- - -

1 10.5 16.14 4.15 20.28 0.71 81.3 2.6

2 6.1 20.61 2.39 23.00

- 0.97 38.3 7.6

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 37



### Table 8B.9

. 27 Low Energy, High Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), AEO

2010 Low-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 39.4 8.04 14.88 22.92

- - -

1 10.5 12.24 4.01 16.24 1.25 81.3 1.3

2 6.1 13.20 2.43 15.63 1.63 38.3 1.8

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 28 Medium Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), AEO

2010 Low-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 202.7 45.94 87.03 132.97

- - -

1 159.6 59.13 69.82 128.95 1.75 56.6 2.8

2 100.0 113.00 39.30 152.30

- 12.19 40.3 6.7

3 75.0 205.32 29.39 234.72

- 94.61 0.0 21.3

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 29 Medium Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data),

AEO 2010 Low-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 202.7 45.94 107.44 153.38

- - -

1 159.6 50.68 79.41 130.09 10.11 56.6 0.8

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 38



### Table 8B.9

. 30 High Energy Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), AEO 2010 LowGrowth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 290.0 195.92 164.25 360.16

- - -

1 250.0 219.26 141.59 360.85

- 0.34 50.0 5.4

2 200.0 266.32 113.27 379.60

- 13.46 30.0 7.6

3 150.0 361.98 84.96 446.94

- 80.81 0.0 13.3

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 31 Low Energy, AC Out Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), AEO 2010

Low-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 19.6 5.94 10.60 16.54

- - -

1 6.4 7.63 3.45 11.07 4.86 11.1 1.2

2 4.0 8.09 2.16 10.25 5.68 0.0 1.3

3 1.5 8.66 0.81 9.47 6.46 0.0 1.4

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 32 Low Energy, AC Out Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), AEO 2010

Low-Growth

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 19.6 5.94 10.60 16.54

- - -

1 6.4 4.54 3.45 7.99 7.60 11.1 0.0

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### B.9.2.3 Battery Charger Results Using Carbon Cap and Trade Price Scenario

Table 8B. 9

. 33 through Table 8B. 9

. 42 present the LCC and PBP results for the six BC

representative units using the carbon cap and trade electricity price scenario from the Lieberman8B- 39



### Warner Climate Security Act of 2007. Results are presented using Manufacturer Data and

Test/Teardown Data where available.

Table 8B.9

. 33 Low Energy, Inductive Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), Carbon Cap

and Trade Scenario

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 10.0 4.39 5.01 9.40

- - -

1 7.0 4.61 3.50 8.11 0.96 25.0 0.6

2 3.5 4.91 1.75 6.67 2.23 12.5 0.7

3 1.5 5.12 0.75 5.87 3.02 0.0 0.7

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 34 Low Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), Carbon

Cap and Trade Scenario

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 10.0 1.42 3.44 4.86

- - -

1 6.0 2.13 2.16 4.29 0.22 60.8 1.5

2 1.2 18.11 0.47 18.58

- 13.66 2.8 22.8

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 35 Low Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), Carbon

Cap and Trade Scenario)

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 10.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

1 6.0 1.42 2.59 4.01

- - -

2 1.2 4.43 0.40 4.84

- 0.80 2.8 4.0

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 40



### Table 8B.9

. 36 Low Energy, High Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), Carbon

Cap and Trade Scenario

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 39.4 8.04 17.37 25.41

- - -

1 10.5 16.14 4.49 20.63 0.89 81.3 2.4

2 6.1 20.61 2.59 23.20

- 0.69 38.3 7.0

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 37 Low Energy, High Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), Carbon

Cap and Trade Scenario

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 39.4 8.04 16.14 24.18

- - -

1 10.5 12.24 4.35 16.58 1.42 81.3 1.2

2 6.1 13.20 2.63 15.84 1.88 38.3 1.7

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 38 Medium Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data),

Carbon Cap and Trade Scenario

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 202.7 45.94 94.48 140.42

- - -

1 159.6 59.13 75.82 134.95 2.38 56.6 2.5

2 100.0 113.00 42.61 155.62

- 9.96 40.3 6.1

3 75.0 205.32 31.87 237.20

- 91.55 0.0 19.4

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 41



### Table 8B.9

. 39 Medium Energy, Low Voltage Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data),

Carbon Cap and Trade Scenario

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 202.7 45.94 116.73 162.67

- - -

1 159.6 50.68 86.23 136.91 11.18 56.6 0.7

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 40 High Energy Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), Carbon Cap and

Trade Scenario

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 290.0 195.92 177.97 373.89

- - -

1 250.0 219.26 153.42 372.68 0.60 50.0 4.9

2 200.0 266.32 122.74 389.06

- 10.86 30.0 6.9

3 150.0 361.98 92.05 454.04

- 75.84 0.0 12.2

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.



### Table 8B.9

. 41 Low Energy, AC Out Battery Chargers (Manufacturer Data), Carbon Cap

and Trade Scenario

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 19.6 5.94 11.47 17.41

- - -

1 6.4 7.63 3.73 11.36 5.38 11.1 1.1

2 4.0 8.09 2.34 10.43 6.31 0.0 1.2

3 1.5 8.66 0.88 9.54 7.20 0.0 1.3

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 42



### Table 8B.9

. 42 Low Energy, AC Out Battery Chargers (Test/Teardown Data), Carbon Cap

and Trade Scenario

CSL UEC

kWh Life

- Cycle Cost Life

- Cycle Cost Savings

Me di an

Payback

Period

yrs. Avg.

Installed

Price

2009$ Avg.

Operating

Cost

2009$ Avg.

LCC

2009$ Wtd.

Avg.

Savings

2009$ Consumers

with No

Impact*

%

0 19.6 5.94 11.47 17.41

- - -

1 6.4 4.54 3.73 8.27 8.13 11.1 0.0

* “No impact” means that the base case forecast product assigned to the consumer has greater efficiency than the

level indicated, so the consumer is not affected.8B- 43

i 

### U.S. Department of Energy. Energy Information Administration. Annual Energy Outlook 2010

Early Release. March, 2010. Washington, D.C.

http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/aeo/

.

ii 

### U.S. Department of Energy. Energy Information Administration. Energy Market and

Economic Impacts of S.2191, The Lieberman-Warner Climate Security Act of 2007. April 2008.

Washington, D.C.

http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/servicerpt/s2191/excel/s2191.xls

.