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 DLA Troop Support -FTSA

22 Nov 10

FOREWORD

(Supplementation is permitted.)

Appendix J is for the inspection of Unitized Group Ration (UGR) B modules. It provides 

guidelines for sampling, inspecting, classifying defects, and determining lot serviceability. Prior 

to using this Appendix, inspectors should be thoroughly familiar with DLA Troop Support 

Handbook 4155.2, Inspection of Composite Operational Rations.

Users of this publication are encouraged to submit comments and recommended changes

to improve this publication, through channels, to DLA Troop Support, ATTN: DLA Troop Support 

-FTSA

BY ORDER OF THE COMMANDER

KATHRYN YONTZ

Chief, Support Services Division

Directorate of Support

DISTRIBUTION

Special

DLA Troop Support -HR, HROS, HRUT, HRUB, HS, HSQ

DLA Troop Support -KBAA/Library

VETCOM, DLA-MMLXQ

This DLA Troop Support Handbook 4155.2, App-B, supersedes DSCP Handbook 4155.2, App 

B, June 08 
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION I - GENERAL

PARAGRAPH PAGE

A. Purpose and Scope 4

B. Ration Description 4

C. Composition 4

D. Shelf Life 4

E. Explanation of Inspection Concept 4

F. Receipt Inspection Guidance 4

G. Inspection Test Date (ITD) Extensions 4

H. Inspection Frequencies 5

I. Disposition Recommendations 5

J. Inspection Equipment 5

K. Definitions 6

SECTION II – INSPECTION GUIDANCE

A. STEP 1: Evaluation of Storage Conditions 8

B. STEP 2: Determine Lot Size 8

C. STEP 3: Destructive vs. Nondestructive Inspection. 9

D. STEP 4: Inspect Modules 10

E. STEP 5: Perform Closed Package Inspection (CPI) of Module Contents 10

F. STEP 6: Perform Destructive Open Package Inspection (DOPI) of Module Contents 11

G. STEP 7: Determine if Special Inspection is Required 11

H. STEP 8: Determine Disposition 12

I. STEP 9: Provide Results and Recommendations to Accountable Officer/Agency 12

J. STEP 10: Schedule The Next Surveillance 12

SECTION III - SPECIAL INSPECTION GUIDANCE

Background Information

A. STEP 1: Determine Lot Size 12

B. STEP 2: Determine Sample Size for Each Component and Select Sample Modules 13

C. STEP 3: Determine Disposition of the Lot 13

D. STEP 4: Provide Results and Recommendations to Accountable Officer/Agency 13

SECTION IV - INSPECTION RECORDS AND REPORTING

A. Inspection Form 13

B. Distribution 14

SECTION V - SAMPLE AND DEFECT TABLES
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Table A. Sampling Criteria for Normal Inspection of Modules and Module Contents 14

 Table B. Sampling Criteria for Special Inspection of Module Components 15

 Table E. Defects for Module Boxes 15

 Table F. Defects for Metal Trays 16

 Table G. Defects for Metal Containers Other Than Trays 19

 Table H. Defects for Plastic/Glass/Fiberboard Containers 20

 Table I. Defects for Flexible Pouches 20

 Table J Defects for Envelopes (packets) 22

 Table K. Defects for Nonfood Components 22

 Table L. DOPI Defects 23

 Table M - Specific Defect Codes 24

 Table N. Condition Code Criteria Defects From Special Inspection Results 28
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SECTION I - GENERAL

A. Purpose and Scope. This Appendix is a reference and guide for receipt and surveillance

inspections of government-owned unitized modules. It was written and coordinated to 

facilitate use on both DLA/DLA Troop Support controlled stocks and those controlled by the 

individual Services

B. Ration Description. The Unitized B-Ration (100 Person Modules) has been phased out to 

50-person Unitized Group Ration - B (UGR-B). This group ration is normally used by the 

Marine Corps. These rations should not be confused with the UGR Heat & Serve (UGR H & 

S), which utilizes tray-type containers and is inspected IAW with a different Appendix 

(Appendix B) and has different menus and monographs.

C. Composition. The UGR-B will have dehydrates, but will feature more commercial type

items for the balance of the module components. The UGR-B will have 5 breakfast and 14 

lunch/dinner menus. It will still be for USMC usage. The UGR-B is quick & easy to prepare 

and includes shelf stable ingredients to prepare complete meals emphasizing the use of 

commercial products. It offers 7 breakfast and 14 lunch/dinner menus with each meal 

providing an average of 1,300 kilocalories (15% protein, 30% fat and 55% carbohydrate).

D. Shelf-Life. The UGR-B is unitized into three fiberboard cartons, including disposables.

Each module provides 50 meals and each pallet contains 8 modules or 400 meals. They are 

assembled at Government depots and have an expected shelf life of 18 months at 80F.

E. Explanation of Inspection Concept. This Appendix incorporates the concept of condition 

coding a lot based on the serviceability of the various components contained within the different 

modules and their estimated remaining shelf life. Basically, it involves a two step process: (1) 

Determine if any component(s) meet or exceed an action number and if so, (2) Classify 

module(s) containing the defective component(s) using the criteria contained in Table N.

F. Receipt Inspection Guidance. Modules being received should be accompanied by

inspection paperwork from the previous storage/assembly location, or can be retrieved from the 

appropriate Lotus Notes database. If this is not the case, to avoid duplication of effort, call the 

last responsible unit from which the shipment came for inspection status. If no current 

inspection information can be found or Condition Code status cannot be determined, a full 

inspection IAW this document will be performed. In addition, inspectors shall advise DLA 

Troop Support when products fail to comply with essential receipt criteria identified in the 

appropriate monographs. Notification should be by the most expeditious means when there is a 

possibility that warranty action may be initiated. Inspectors will be provided additional 

guidance concerning warranty inspection/actions if required.

G. Inspection Test Date (ITD) Extensions. Inspectors may extend an ITD based on their

estimate of the lot's remaining shelf life. Table N is provided to aid the inspectors in arriving 

at the best estimate possible without the benefit of laboratory testing. Remarking of the

unitized loads/cases with a revised ITD will be accomplished in accordance with TM 38-400, 
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and/or the appropriate service regulation. Posting of extensions may be accomplished by 

placing stickers with the updated ITD information on each pallet or module, as well as 

notifying the accountable officer and recording the extension on the inspection report.

H. Inspection Frequencies. Inspections of UGR B ration modules will be accomplished as

follows:

1. At receipt: 

i. If previous inspection/condition code information accompanies shipment 

and is less than 3 months old, a general inspection for transportation 

damage and identity will be performed. 

ii. If UGR B’s possess obvious defects, mechanical damage or UGR B’s are 

more than three months from the last surveillance inspection, perform a full 

inspection IAW this document. 

2. Surveillance: See section II.J. for surveillance frequency guidance. 

I. Disposition Recommendations 

1. The accountable officer/agency will be informed of inspection results by the 

Veterinary/Medical Food Inspector. Inspectors will include (as a minimum): the condition 

code as determined by this Appendix, estimated remaining shelf life, and a summary of 

general lot characteristics. Inspectors are also encouraged to provide additional comments 

that will assist the accountable officer/agency in determining a final disposition. 

2. Final disposition instructions for lots placed on medical hold require review and 

approval by the local medical authority. 

3. The points listed below should be considered when developing a disposition 

recommendation. This list is not all-inclusive and each point may not always apply. 

a. Can the defective module(s)/component(s) be removed just prior to 

consumption? Inspectors should not recommend replacement or supplementation of 

defective components without first discussing the feasibility of such action with the 

accountable officer. 

b. How rapidly is the most defective component expected to deteriorate to the 

point that it is unlikely to be consumed? 

c. Can the lot be issued and supplemented with similar commercial items, supply 

catalog items, or operational ration component(s)? 

J. Inspection Equipment. The items listed below are recommended as the minimum

necessary to perform the inspections of UGR H&S modules. However, this list is 

not intended to be all encompassing. 

1. High intensity lamp. 

2. Inspection trays and pans, white enamel or plastic. 

3. Magnification lens (3 to 5 power recommended). 
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4. Metal ruler (32nd inch graduation). 

5. Spatula(s). 

6. Blotter paper or paper towels. 

7. Scissors, general use. 

8. Tape. 

9. Scissors, general surgical, straight, 5-1/2 inches. 

10.Can opener. 

11. Kimwipes, 5 x 8-1/2 wipe or towels, paper, type I, small. 

12. Paper, white, chart size. 

13. Paper, wax impregnated, white roll. 

14. Knife. 

15. Forceps/petri-dishes/5ml vials 

K. Definitions:

1. Monograph. An information and instruction sheet that provides the inspector with a

detailed description of an UGR H&S module/component, including normal characteristics and 

signs of deterioration, as well as special instructions on how to examine the item. 

Special notes concerning inspection techniques are also included in some monographs. 

Monographs can be accessed at http://www.dscp.dla.mil/subs/; Then select Subsistence; 

Operational Rations, Inspection Regulations, Appendix J. 

2. Component Classification. The monograph index (Table P is available at

http://www.dscp.dla.mil/ Then select Subsistence; Operational Rations, Inspection

Regulations, Appendix J. ) indicates the classification for each component. Component 

classification is determined by coordination of the Surgeon General and the Food Service 

Headquarters of the Military Services. 

a. Primary. Any individual component in the UGR B module that, if unserviceable,

will make the meal nutritionally inadequate. b.

c. Secondary. Any individual component in the UGR B module that, if unserviceable, 

will reduce the nutritional value of the meal but will not render the meal unfit. 

d. Ancillary. Any component in the UGR H&S module that contributes little or no

nutritional value to the meal and if unserviceable, will not cause the meal to be nutritionally 

deficient. 

3. Major A Defect. This classification should be used for defects that are likely to cause

hazardous or unsafe conditions for individuals using, maintaining or dependent upon the 

product. 

4. Major B Defect. These are defects that are not hazardous or unsafe. However, they may 

restrict product use or make its consumption unlikely under the conditions for which the rations 

were originally designed. Examples: Extreme color (darkening), odor (rancidity), or flavor 

(bitterness) changes in primary components of a ration that make them unlikely to be consumed 
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under normal field conditions, but will not result in illness or injury. 

5. Minor Defect. These are defects that make the product less useful than it should be, but not 

seriously so. Minor defects usually do not affect serviceability. However, their identification is 

important since they often reveal early signs of deterioration and can be detected before the item 

reaches a condition that makes its consumption unlikely under conditions of normal use. Their 

early detection may lead to a predictive intervention by the 

accountable officer to ensure consumption before the component or module loses its 

serviceability.

6. Module. The unit of issue for UGR B menus. A module consists of 3 boxes (boxes 1, 2, and 

3) and will contain everything needed to feed 50 individuals for one complete meal. 

7. Product Codes.

a. Assembly code information: Contract and component identification markings found 

on the shipping container, modules, and components that reflect ration assembly information 

only (e.g., assembly contractor, date of pack, assembly lot numbers, Inspection Test Date (ITD) 

etc.). 

b. Component code information: Item identification markings found on the primary

package and, when applicable, the secondary package (e.g., thermostabilized trays) that reflects 

the producer's name, the USDA Establishment Number, the production lot number of the 

component, the nomenclature, etc. 

8. Action Number (AN). A number which, when reached or exceeded, indicates

additional inspection is necessary or indicates a component has deteriorated beyond 

acceptable limits. 

9. Condition Codes. Traditionally, condition codes have been based primarily on estimates of 

remaining shelf life. Serviceability will be determined based on the usability status of the 

complete module. However, to aid accountable officers in choosing the best disposition option, 

inspectors will provide them the best possible estimate of remaining shelf life. A list of applicable 

condition codes and their descriptions are as follows: 

a. Condition Code A (issuable without qualification): Refer to Table N.

b. Condition Code B (issuable with qualification): Refer to Table N. Accountable

Officers are required to determine what qualifications will be specified in order to issue 

Condition Code B stock (e.g., issue with instructions to consume within 60 days; issue with 

instructions to supplement, etc.). 

c. Condition Code C (issuable with qualification): Refer to Table N. Accountable

officers are required to determine what qualifications will be specified in order to issue 

Condition Code C stock. (e.g., issue with instructions to consume within 30 days; etc.). 
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d. Condition Code H (unserviceable - destroy in accordance with local policy). Refer to 

Table N. This classification will be used only when the entire lot has been deemed unserviceable. 

e. Condition Code J (laboratory testing, medical hold, rework, or reclassification 

hold): Any item on hold pending laboratory analysis, rework, or awaiting authority for

disposal. 

f. Condition Code L (warranty action hold): Any item placed on hold pending

warranty action. 

10. Unit load packing list. A list attached to a unit load of modules that lists the

components (including contractual identification information) contained in the module.

SECTION II - INSPECTION GUIDANCE

A. STEP 1: Evaluation of Storage Conditions

1. Storage conditions vary significantly. As a minimum UGR B module storage areas 

should be clean and dry. UGR B modules should not be stored directly on the floor. The 

area should be free of pests. 

2. When UGR B modules are warehoused, the storage facility should meet the additional 

standards of MIL-STD-3006C, Sanitation Requirements for Food Establishments. UGR B

modules cannot be stacked more than 2 pallets high without the use of storage aids, pallet 

racks/pallet sets, etc. These pallet racks/pallet sets should support the full weight of any 

additional pallets. The pallet (s) above shall not be in contact with or supported by the pallets 

beneath. Temperature history of storage locations must also be considered when 

recommending final condition codes and dispositions. 

3. All modules opened for inspection, or damaged, shall be recouped or repaired in a 

manner sufficient to ensure protection of the product during subsequent storage and 

handling. 

B. STEP 2: Determine Lot Size.

1. The lot size for modules shall be the total number of modules by menu. The sample 

unit is one complete module. 

2. Lotting procedures will be as follows: 

a. An assembler’s lot will be composed of rations from the same assembler that 

have the same DOP and menu number. 

b. Grand lots for the purpose of UGR B inspections will be composed of rations

from the same assembler, and the same menu number, but will contain more than one lot 
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number. Grand lots will be limited to a 120 day DOP window (earliest to latest DOP shall 

not exceed 120 days). Additionally, the rations must have been stored under substantially 

similar storage conditions. Samples from grand lots must represent all individual lots 

proportionally, even if the next highest sample size must be used. Identity of samples from 

each sublot must be maintained throughout the inspection. 

3. Defective assembler's lots will be segregated from grand lots and inspected 

individually when one or more of the following occurs: 

a. A Major A defect is found in an assembler’s lot. 

b. The Major B or Minor defects found seem to be concentrated in one or more 

(a small subset of lots) of the assembler’s lots comprising the grand lot. 

c. The inspector determines for any reason, based on initial inspection results, 

that inspection of an individual assembler's lot is justified. 

4. Grand lotting is encouraged (to conserve resources) whenever it is considered 

appropriate by the inspection activity. Grand lotting will not be used when performing 

warranty inspections or on inspections of lots reported as possibly having wholesomeness 

deficiencies.

C. STEP 3: Inspect Modules

1. IAW Table A, select appropriate sample size of Module examinations. Obviously 

damaged Modules should not be selected as samples unless they are truly representative of 

the lot. Damaged Modules shall be set aside, inspected and salvaged. 

2. Routine inspections will be conducted using a single sampling plan. 

3. Using the defects listed in Table E, the inspectors shall check each sample Module for 

previously opened boxes. While this may indicate evidence of tampering, each may also be 

due to other reasons (e.g., a wholesale rework of a lot). Inspectors shall contact their 

supervisors for guidance if pilferage or tampering is suspected. Also, observe each Module for 

signs of rodent damage or insect infestation. Post the infestation findings on the inspection 

report, to include: 

a. Whether or not the pests were alive or dead. 

b. Identification of the pests (based on entomological or laboratory 

identification). 

c. Probable origin of pests (see DLA Troop Support Handbook 4155.2, paragraph 

XIII.). 

d. Probable movement of pests. For example, from outside the shipping 

container into the modules or vice-versa. 

4. Classify each defective case by the most serious defect it possesses. 
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D. STEP 4: Perform Closed Package Inspection (CPI) of Module Contents 

1. IAW Table A, select the appropriate number of modules being sure the samples are 

proportionally representative of the modules in the lot. 

2. Open the sample modules. 

3. Module components will be inspected for defects in accordance with Tables F-K. 

4. Thoroughly examine all components within the module under a good light source and, 

if available, with the aid of a magnification lens. When a component exhibits more than one 

defect, it will be classified by the most serious defect it possesses. Record the following 

information for all defective components: 

a. Menu number. 

b. Assembler's lot number. 

c. Component nomenclature and code. 

d. Processor's and/or plant name (if available). 

e. Defect number. 

f. Specific defect code (if applicable). 

g. Narrative description of defect (if necessary).

h. Tally defects (Major A, Major B, Minor) according to type of component Primary, 

Secondary, or Ancillary. 

E. STEP 5: Perform Destructive Open Package Inspection (DOPI) of Module Contents 

1. IAW Table A, select the appropriate number of modules being sure the samples are 

proportionally representative of the modules in the lot. 

2. Open the sample module(s). 

3. Module components will be inspected for defects in accordance with Table L. 

4. Thoroughly examine all items within the module under a good light source and, if 

available, with the aid of a magnification lens. When a component exhibits more than one 

defect, it will be classified by the most serious defect it possesses. However, for the purpose 

of gathering additional information, the lesser defects will also be noted. Record the following 

information for all defective components: 

a. Menu number. 

b. Assembler's lot number. 

c. Component nomenclature and code. 

d. Processor's and/or plant name (if available). 

e. Defect number (Table L). 
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f. Specific defect code (if applicable). 

g. Narrative description of defect (if necessary). 

h. Tally defects (Major A, Major B, Minor) according to type of component;

Primary, Secondary, or Ancillary. 

5. Component packages with a Major A or Major B packaging defect should be opened 

to evaluate the effect the defect has on the product. Any findings should be recorded as a note 

on the inspection record. 

6. Inspectors should refer to the component monographs for information relative to the 

product's normal characteristics, the most likely deteriorative conditions to be observed and 

any unique inspection information and special notes concerning the item. Monographs can be 

accessed at http://www.dscp.dla.mil/ Then select Subsistence; Operational Rations, 

Inspection Regulations, Appendix J. 

7. Each component of the sample modules (including all accessory items) will be opened 

and inspected. If no Major A or Major B defects are noted and the action number for minor 

defects is not reached or exceeded during normal open package inspection, this phase of the 

inspection should be considered complete. 

8. Classify each defective sample by the most serious defect it possesses. 

F. STEP 6: Determine if Special Inspection is Required. Special inspection is required when 

any action number is reached/exceeded. If a special inspection is deemed necessary, go to Section 

III for procedures. 

G. STEP 7: Determine Disposition.

1. The Condition Code of a lot may only be downgraded based on special inspection 

results, unless there is a single deteriorative factor that affects the entire lot, such as 

infestation or extreme heat stress. In such a situation, the decision to forego the special 

inspection must be discussed with and approved by the inspector’s chain-of-command. 

2. If deemed necessary, samples may be submitted to the appropriate supporting 

laboratory. The lot will then be placed in Condition Code J pending results of the tests. 

H. STEP 8: Determine Disposition.

3. The Condition Code of a lot may only be downgraded based on special inspection 

results. 

4. If deemed necessary, samples may be submitted to the appropriate supporting 

laboratory. The lot will then be placed in Condition Code J pending results of the tests. 

I. STEP 9: Provide Results and Recommendations to Accountable Officer/Agency.
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1. Input data to the appropriate Lotus Notes (LN) database, and provide a copy of 

inspection report to accountable officer. 

2. If LN access is not available, complete DLA Troop Support Form 5117, and provide 

copy of report to accountable officer. 

J. Step 10: Schedule Next Surveillance Inspection. The following inspection frequencies are 

recommended.

1. Condition Code A – Re-inspect in 6 months if this lot is in stock. If average storage 

temperatures are between 80-100F, inspect within 3 months. If average storage temperatures are in 

excess of 100F, inspect within 1 month

2. Condition Code B – Re-inspect within 3 months if this lot is still in stock. If average 

storage temperatures are in excess of 100F, inspect within 1 month 

3. Condition Code C – Re-inspect within 1 month if this lot is in stock. Adise the 

accountable officer that lot should be issued and consumed as soon as possible to preclude loss 

to the government. 

SECTION III - SPECIAL INSPECTION GUIDANCE

Background Information: When a special inspection is performed, the inspector may choose to 

inspect all of the components in a module during the special inspection if he/she deems it 

necessary to ascertain the true condition of the lot. Otherwise, only the component(s) that 

exhibited the defects that initiated the special inspection will be inspected. All defective samples 

will be classified by the most serious defect they possess.

A. STEP 1: Determine Lot Size.

1. Lot size is expressed as the total number of individual suspected defective 

components as determined during routine inspection (reached/exceeded Action Number). 

Each defective component will be inspected as a separate lot. To determine component lot 

size, you must determine which modules contain the defective component(s) utilizing the 

inspection results. These modules will be the only modules selected for the special 

inspection. 

B. STEP 2: Determine Sample Size for Each Component and Select Sample Modules.

1. Sample size will be determined in accordance with Table B for Module inspections 

and for module component inspections. 

2. Inspect IAW applicable defect tables (Tables E - L). 
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a. For special inspections, good sample representation of the lot is extremely 

important to help preclude unnecessary destruction. If routine inspection defects tend to 

be associated with a certain lot or lots, these shall be inspected separately. 

b. The sample size for each component involved will normally dictate the minimum 

number of modules that must be selected for special inspections. The inspector may 

increase the number of modules from which samples are drawn for cogent reasons. 

C. STEP 3: Determine Disposition of the Lot.

1. If none of the ANs are reached or exceeded, each module is considered to be fully 

useable and the Condition Code of the lot may remain unchanged. 

2. For each AN equaled or exceeded, determine the Condition Code of the lot. Refer to 

Table N. 

D. STEP 4: Provide Results and Recommendations to Accountable Officer/Agency.

1. Input data to the appropriate Lotus Notes UGR H&S database and provide a copy of 

inspection report to accountable officer. 

2. If LN access is not available, complete DLA Troop Support Form 5117, and provide 

copy of report to accountable officer. 

3. If rations are placed in less than condition code A and not entered into the LN 

database, notify DLA Troop Support -HSQ telephonically @ (215) 737-7770/2911 

(DSN 444). 

SECTION IV - INSPECTION RECORDS AND REPORTING

A. Inspection Form. All inspections (except turn-ins) will be entered into the Veterinary

Command Lotus Notes Heat & Serve Inspection database. DLA Troop Support Form 5117 will be 

completed if inspectors do not have access to this database. Local reproduction of DLA Troop 

Support Form 5117 is authorized. 

B. Distribution.

1. For DLA owned/controlled stocks, provide one copy of the LN UGR H&S/UGR-B 

database inspection report to the accountable officer. Copies of all reports not on the LN 

database will be maintained in the local quality history files. Other distribution will be 

according to the directives of the responsible inspection agency and/or Military Service. 

2. Service Controlled Stock. One copy of each completed inspection report will be 

provided to the accountable officer and the inspection agency's MACOM. Further 
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distribution will be according to the directives of the responsible military service. 

3. If rations are placed in less than condition code A and less than 1 year old, or have a 

significant issue that indicates higher command should be notified, please contact: 

a. Chain of Command. 

b. DLA Troop Support Points of Contact POCs: 

- Cynthia Henry, Quality Assurance 2125-737-7802,

Cynthia.Henry@DLA.MIL

c. Operational Rations Section at U.S. Army Veterinary Command at (210) 221-

6510. The Section Chief or Section NCOIC may be contacted by e-mail. Please consult the 

Veterinary Command Directory for e-mail address.

V. SAMPLE AND DEFECT TABLES.

Table A. Sampling Criteria for Normal Inspection of Modules and Module Contents

LOT SIZE SAMPLE SIZE ACTION NUMBERS

(Modules) (Modules) MAJ A MAJ B MINOR

50 or less 2 1 1 2

51------500 3 1 1 2

501----35,000 5 1 1 3

35,000 or more 8 1 1 4

For use with Table E-L

Table B. Sampling Criteria for Special Inspection of Module Components

LOT SIZE SAMPLE SIZE ACTION NUMBERS

(Components) (Components) MAJ A MAJ B MINOR

150 or less 5 1 1 3

151------1,200 20 1 2 8

1,201----10,000 32 1 3 11

10,001 or more 50 1 4 15
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For use with Table E-L

Table E. Defects for Module Boxes

DEFECT CLASSIFICATION(S)

MAJ A MAJ B MINOR

Evidence of rodent or insect infestation 501

on or in the shipping container.

Container damaged, contents exposed or 502

affected.

Container damaged, contents not exposed 601

or affected.

Essential markings

a. Missing 503

b. Illegible/Incorrect 602
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 Table F. Defects for Metal Trays

DEFECT CLASSIFICATION(S)

MAJ A MAJ B MINOR

Corrosion Defects

a. Rust - pitted 504

b. Gray spot - leaks when probed 401

c. Gray spot - external, base metal

weakened 505

d. Gray spot - external, base metal

not weakened 603

e. Rust stain 604

Dents

a. Materially affecting usability 506

b. Not materially affecting usability 605

Vacuum Defects

a. Loose lid (Flipper) 402

b. Paneling - Affects Double Seam 507

c. Paneling - Not affecting Seam 606

Incomplete/False Seam 403

Leaker (pinhole, blown container, seam leak) 404

Swollen Container Defects

a. Hard 405

b. Soft 406

Markings/Labels

a. Missing 508

b. Torn/mutilated 607

c. Illegible 608

Table F. Defects for Polymeric Trays
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DEFECT CLASSIFICATION (S)

MAJ A MAJ B MINOR

Swollen Container 415

Tear, crack, cut, hole, or if a 416

multi-layered laminate is used, abrasion

through more than one layer of the

tray or through the barrier (e.g. foil)

layer of the lid material or leakage

through any seal or surface

Abrasion on the lid material within 417

1/16 inch of the food product edge

of seal

Closure seal not continuous along 418

tray flange, surface

Closure seal width less than 1/8 inch 419

Foldover wrinkle extending into the seal 420

such that the closure seal is reduced to less

than 1/8 inch

Presence of entrapped matter within 421

1/16” of the food product edge of

seal or entrapped moisture or vapor

within 1/16” of the food product edge of seal

that results in less than 1/16” of defect free

seal width at the outside edge/2

Presence of delamination when 422

a multi-layered laminate is used /3

Unclean container 524

Any impression or design on the seal 525

surfaces which conceals or impairs

visual detection of seal defects

Presence of delamination when a 526

multi-layered laminate is used /3
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 Table F. Defects for Polymeric Trays (cont)

DEFECT CLASSIFICATION (S)

MAJ A MAJ B MINOR

Presence of delamination when a 622

multi-layered laminate is used /3

Color does not contribute to 623

Woodland camouflage

Presence of any permanent tray body 624

deformation, such that deformed area

is discolored and roughened in texture

Presence of any seal defect or anomaly (ie: entrapped 625

moisture, gases, etc.) within 1/16” of food product edge seal /2
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Table G. Defects for Metal Containers Other Than Trays

DEFECT CLASSIFICATION(S)

MAJ A MAJ B MINOR

Closure incomplete, incorrect or not 509

sealed, crimped or fitted properly

Corrosion Defects

a. Rust stain 609

b. Pitted rust 510

Dents

a. Materially affecting appearance 610

but not affecting usability

b. Materially affecting usability 511

Buckled Containers

a. Not involving end seam 611

b. Extending into the end seam 512

Collapsed container 513

Swell, springer, or flipper (not applicable to 407

gas or pressure packed product)

Leaker or blown container 408
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Table H. Defects for Plastic/Glass/Fiberboard Containers

DEFECT CLASSIFICATION (S)

MAJ A MAJ B MINOR

Broken or leaking containers 409 *

Closure not sealed, crimped, or fitted properly 514

Chip in glass 612

Table I. Defects for Flexible Pouches

DEFECT CLASSIFICATION (S)

MAJ A MAJ B MINOR

Broken or leaking container 409

Tear, hole, or open seal 410

Swollen pouch 411

Rupture of pouch when kneaded IAW the 515

package instructions 1/

Not clean 613

Pouch exhibits delamination and ruptures 516

when tested

Objectionable odor 517

Footnotes:

1/ Pouches exhibiting delamination in the body of the pouch will be examined for rupturing 

as follows: lay the pouch on a flat surface and apply moderate downward pressure with 

hands on both sides of the delaminated area. Pouches exhibiting delamination in the seal 

area will be examined as follows:

a. Test for spreading of the delamination by holding the pouch between the thumb and 

forefinger of each hand with the delaminated area located at the contact point between the 

thumbs and forefingers. Flex the delaminated area rapidly while exercising care not to tear 

the pouch with your fingernails.

b.Test for rupturing by laying the pouch on a flat surface and applying moderate 
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downward pressure with one hand on the product side of the delaminated area.

2/ The following shall be scored as minor defects if present within 1/16 inch of the food 

product edge of seal:

a. Small concave impressions or cavities indicating slight tray imperfections or 

hard particulates affixed to the seal head and contact the lid and tray.

b. Small (i.e. 1/32 inch or less in any direction) convex bumps or points on the seal area 

indicating small imperfections on the seal head. NOTE: this anomaly is typically visible on 

successive trays coming off the heat sealer. 

c. Minor impressions or scorching of the top layer of the lid material on the seal area 

indicating soft particulates on the seal head being “burned-off” during sealing. NOTE: This 

anomaly is typically visible on successive trays coming off the heat sealer. 

d. Areas of “wave-like” striations or wrinkles along the seal area indicating slight tray 

imperfection, improper lid tensioning, or vacuum release prior to lid cooling/setting. 

e. Anomalies caused by entrapped moisture or vapor (which typically appear as concave 

spots on the tray flange surface) that result in less than 1/8” of defect free seal width at the 

outside edge of these spots. 

3/ Delamination Defect classification:

Major A – Evidence of outer ply delamination such that the adjacent ply in the lid body is

exposed or evidence of multi ply delamination such that the food contact layer is exposed. Any 

evidence of outer ply delamination of the tray body or internal layer separation with the tray 

body due to, (for example) poor adhesion between layers.

Major B – Delamination of the outer ply in the lid seal area that can be propagated to

expose the adjacent ply at the food product edge of the lid. The separated outer ply of shall be 

grasped between thumb and forefinger and gently lifted toward the food product edge of the seal 

or if the separated area is too small to be held between thumb and forefinger, a number two 

stylus shall be inserted in the delaminated area and a gentle lifting force applied against the outer 

ply. If separation of the outer ply can be made to extend to the product edge of the seal with no 

discernible resistance to the gentle lifting, the delamination shall be scored as a Major B defect. 

Additionally, spot delamination of the outer ply in the body of the lid that can be propagated 

beyond its initial borders is also a Major B defect. To determine if the delaminated area is a 

defect, used the following procedure: Mark the outside edges of the delaminated area using a 

bold permanent marking pen. Open the tray and remove the contents. Cut the lid on opposing 

sides of the delaminated area not closer than 3/16 inch from the delaminated area. Hold the 

delaminated area between the thumb and forefinger of each hand with both thumbs and 

forefingers touching each other. The delaminated area shall than be rapidly flexed 10 times by 

rotating both hands in alternating clockwise-counter clockwise directions. After flexing, the 

separated outer ply shall be grasped between thumb and forefinger and gently lifted away from 

the lid surface or if the separated area is too small to be held between thumb and forefinger, a 

number two stylus shall be inserted into the delaminated area and a gentle lifting force applied 

against the outer ply. Any propagation of the delaminated area, evidenced by the delaminated 

area exceeding the limits of the outlined borders, shall be scored a Major B defect.
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Minor – Minor delamination of the outer ply in the lid seal area is acceptable and shall

not be classified as a minor defect unless it extends to within 1/16 inch of the food product edge 

of the seal. Isolated spots of delamination in the body of the lid that do not propagate when 

flexed shall be classified as minor. Post-retort wrinkling of the outer ply in the lid seal area shall 

also be scored as a minor defect. NOTE? Post-retort wrinkles of the outer play are typically 

perpendicular to the flange direction, in a straight line, and extend from within the food product 

area to the outer edges of the lid.

Table J. Defects for Envelopes (Packets)

DEFECT CLASSIFICATION(S)

MAJ A MAJ B MINOR

Tear, hole, or open seal 518

Objectionable odor 519

Not clean 614

Table K. Defects for Nonfood Components

DEFECT CLASSIFICATION(S)

MAJ A MAJ B MINOR

Damaged/torn/crushed materially 521

affecting usability

Nonfood Component Missing

a. Completely 524

b. Partially/count not as specified 622

Table L. DOPI Defects
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DEFECT CLASSIFICATION (S)

MAJ A MAJ B MINOR

Evidence of rodent damage or insect 412

infestation in product

Product off-condition as evidenced by 413

abnormal odor, color, flavor or texture

suggesting contamination and/or premature

spoilage for no apparent reason.

Foreign material present, affecting 414

wholesomeness (e.g., glass, metal, etc.)

Component missing

a. Completely 520

b. Partially/count not as specified 615

Moderate to extreme texture, odor, color, 522

or flavor change in a component not affecting

wholesomeness (product unlikely to be consumed under conditions of intended use).

Component fails to rehydrate or dissolve (extreme) 523

Slight texture, odor, color, or flavor 616

change in a component not affecting wholesomeness

Component fails to rehydrate or dissolve 617

(slight to moderate)

Internal container defects

a. Detinning 618

b. Flaking/scarring of enamel 619

c. Faulty coating (tray) 620

d. Damaged coating (tray) 621

e. Other 622
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Table M - Specific Defect Codes

A. Insect/ Rodent.

A1. Rodent, describe

A2. Insect, describe

A3. Other, describe

B. Packaging, Packing, Marking, Labeling, and Unitization.

B1. Essential case markings missing

B2. Essential case markings illegible

B3. Essential case markings incorrect

B4. Essential labeling missing

B5. Essential labeling illegible

B6. Essential labeling incorrect

B7. Pitted rust

B8. Gray spots, leaks when probed

B9. Gray spots, external, Base metal weakened

B10. Grey spots, external, Base metal not weakened

B11. Rust stains

B12. Dents

B13. Flat Tray (Low Vacuum)

B14. Loose lid (Flipper)

B15. Paneling-Affects double seam

B16. Paneling-Not affecting seam

B17. Incomplete/false seam tray closure

B18. Hard sweller

B19. Soft sweller

B20. Leaker-pinhole

B21. Leaker-blown/ruptured container

B22. Leaker-seam area

B23. Collapsed Container-other than Trays

B24. Incomplete Closure-other than Trays

B25. Swell, Springer, Flipper-other than Trays

B26. Buckled containers-other than Trays

B27. Chip in Glass

B28. Broken or leaking Glass/Plastic Container
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 B29. Tear, Hole, Leaker-Flexible Pouches/Envelopes/Poly Trays

 B30. Swollen Flexible Pouch

B31. Pouch Ruptures when Kneaded

B32. Unclean Pouches/Envelopes/Poly Trays

B33. Delamination

B34. Objectionable odor-Flexible Pouches/Envelopes

B35. Damaged/Missing Food Components

B36. Damaged/Missing Non-Food Components

B37. Shipping Container Damaged, Contents Exposed

B38. Shipping Container Damaged, Contents Not Exposed

B39. Abrasion of Lid Material-Poly Trays

B40. Foldover Wrinkles-Poly Trays

Table M - Specific Defect Codes (cont.)

B41. Seal Defect or Amanoly-Poly Trays

B42. Tray Body Deformation-Poly Trays

B43. Color not contributing to Woodland Camouflage-Poly Trays

B44. Impression concealing Visual Detection of Seal Defects-Poly Trays B45. Other, 

Describe

C. Texture Changes.

C1. Too thick or pasty

C2. Lumpy

C3. Chewy/gummy

C4. Mealy

C5. Tough/stringy

C6. Caked or hardened

C7. Brittle

C8. Crumbly, cracking

C9. Excessively dry

C10. Loss of crispness/soft/mushy

C11. Curdled

C12. Gritty/grainy

C13. Spongy/rubbery
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C14. Syneresis (The contraction of a gel, or a homogeneous colloid system, when left standing, 

separates into two phases, a coherent gel and a liquid. An example is the separation or 

weeping of liquid from a gelatin mold when left sitting in a refrigerator too long.)

C15. Liquefaction (passing from dry, solid, or semisolid to a liquid state.) 

C16. Caramelized

C17. Watery gravy or product juices (probably due to product formulation and/or time 

temperature abuse) 

C18. Honeycombing

C19. Other, describe

D. Odor Changes.

D1. Medicinal (vitamin-like)

D2. Chemical odor (solvent-like; turpentine/paint like; etc.)

D3. Fermented

D4. Oxidized (hay-like)

D5. Plastic-like

D6. Scorched

D7. Sulfur-like

D8. Musty, moldy

D9. Overripe

D10. Green (i.e., not ripe)

D11. Stale

D12. Cardboard

D13. Metallic

D14. Soured
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Table M - Specific Defect Codes (cont.)

D15. Putrid

D16. Rancid

D17. Acidic/vinegary

D18. Loss of spice or product aroma

D19. Ammonia

D20. Other, describe

 avor Changes.

E1. Loss of flavor (flat, bland, etc.)

E2. Chemical flavor (solvent-like, plastic-like, etc.)

E3. Medicinal (vitamin-like)

E4. Excessively salty

E5. Oxidized (hay-like)

E6. Bitter

E7. Burnt

E8. Soapy (hydrolytic rancidity)

E9. Musty, moldy

E10. Rancid

E11. Stale

E12. Fermented

E13. Earthy

E14. Tar, acidic

E15. Overripe

E16. Green (not ripe)

E17. Tobacco

E18. Sweet (perfume-like)

E19. Metallic

E20. Overprocessed/scorched

E21. Canned

E22. Putrid

E23. Sour

E24. Other, describe

 ppearance Changes.

F1. Darkened

F2. Bloomed, blotchy (e.g., chocolate)
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F3. Oily, oiled-off (Partial disintegration of an oil in water emulsion whereby a film, pockets, 

or droplets of oil form on the surface of the product or within the product.) 

F4. Off-color (e.g., pink, off-white, reddish, green)

F5. Foreign Material affecting wholesomeness

F6. Other, describe

TABLE N 1/ 2/ 3/ 4/ 5/

CONDITION CODE CRITERIA

DEFECTS FROM SPECIAL INSPECTION RESULTS

(COMPONENTS THAT EQUAL OR EXCEED

AN ACTION NUMBER)

CATEGORY

CONDITION CODE A MAJOR A MAJOR B MINOR

Primary 0 0 1

Secondary 0 1 2

Ancillary 0 1 2

CONDITION CODE B

Primary 0 0 2

Secondary 0 2 3

Ancillary 0 2 3

CONDITION CODE C

Primary 0 1 3

Secondary 0 3 4

Ancillary 0 3 4

CONDITION CODE H, J or

L

Primary 1 2 NA

Secondary 1 4 NA

Ancillary 1 4 NA

1/ Lots determined to be unwholesome will be classified Condition Code J until final 

disposition is made by the responsible veterinarian.

2/ Each column lists the maximum number of components allowed to equal or exceed an 

action number for that category.

3/ Each row lists the maximum number of components allowed to equal or exceed an 

action number by component classification.

4/ Compare the number of components from the inspection that equals or exceeds the 

special inspection action numbers for each category. If the number in any row/column 

intersection is exceeded, the lot must be downgraded to the next lower Condition Code.

5/ Components determined to be unwholesome will be classified Condition Code H and 

final disposition will be made by the responsible veterinarian.
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6/ Condition Code J means that rations (with concurrence of the chain-of-command) are 

on Medical Hold and/or are awaiting laboratory results.

7/ Condition Code L means that rations are on hold pending warranty action.