·1

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APPENDIX M

SMALL BUSINESSES AND HAZARDOUS WASTE: yvHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW

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SMALL BUSINESSES

AND HAZARDOUS WASTE:

WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW

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, iii '---

. . A HANDBOOK FOR PEOPLE WHO PRODUCE SMAll AMOUNTS OF HAZARDOUS WASTIt . . .

(CONDITIONAllY EXEMPT GENERATORS) .

1m ~~~~~ ~~~M~~~@~ m~~~~~~~~~ ~~@~~~rnm . FOR TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND HAZARDOUS WASTES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT "NOTICE

This handbook, "Small Businesses and Hazardous Waste: What You

.Should Knoui", was prepared by the Waste Reduction Assistance Program of the

Oregon Department of En.vironmental Quality (DEQ), which gratefully

acknowledges the following contributors to this document: .

Metropolitan Service District, Portland, OR

City ofPortland Bureau ofEnvironmental Services

Unified Sewerage Agency, Washington County, OR

City ofGresham, OR

Clackamas County, OR

Neither the contributors, DEQ, nor any person acting on their behalf:

a. Make any warranty or representation, expressed or implied, with respect to

the use of any information contained in this document, or that the.use of any

information; apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this document may not

infringe on privately owned rights; or

b. Assume any liabilities with respect to the use of, or for damages resultingfrom

the use of any' information, apparatus, method, or process disclosed in this

document.

This material is a public domain document. As sucb, it may not be copyrigbted

in 'any form. Tbis material may be reproduced for educational

purposes sotongasthis Notice is included and credit is given to tbe

contributors listed above and to DEQ.

The material offered in this manual is not intended to be a recommendation of

any particular waste reduction technique or method. Rather, this manual is

.offered for educational and informational purposes. When using this manual and

making any decisions concerning waste management (including waste reduction)

it is recommended that the facts and circumstances be reviewed by appropriately

trained professionals and consultants. This document does not necessarily reflect

the views and policies of its contributors.

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OREGON DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

Waste Reduction Assistance Program

811 SW Sixth, Portland, OR 97204-1390

(503) 229-5913, toll-free within Oregon 1-800-452-4011

September 1992

1
TABLE OF CONTENTS

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTI NOTICE

INTRODUCTION 4

!:-",,,, .

c.,'" WHAT IS A HAZARDOUS WASTE? 1-1 V IListed Hazardous Wastes 1-2

2.Characteristic Hazardous Wastes 1-2

Listed Hazardous Wastes 1-2

Characteristic Wastes•....••..........•.....••...1-2

Ignitability 1-2

Corrosivity 1-2

Reactivity 1-3

Toxicity 1-3

"State Only" Hazardous Waste 1-3

Excluded Wastes ..............•...•.•..............1-4

Impacts of Hazardous Wa.,te ••..........•...1-4

Municipal Waste Landfills 1-4

Sewer Systems/Wastewater

Treatment Plants 1-4

Streams and Rivers 1-4

2

TABLE OFCONTENTS

1',;'" cA. HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATORS 2·1 V Who Produces Hazardous Waste? .•.....2-1

Type of Business(fype of

Hazardous Waste Generated 2-2

Hazardous Waste Generators.....•.........2-3

Generator Status Determination 2-3

Hazardous Waste Generator

Categories 2-4

Conditionally Exempt Generator (CEG)..2-4

Small Quantity Generator (SQG) 2-4

Large Quantity Generator (LQG) 2-4

Generator Category is

Determined Monthly 2-5

Determining Your

Generator Category 2-6

How to Find Your

Generator Category 2-6

Waste Accumulated 2-6

Waste Transported 2-6

Waste Recycled 2-6

Annual Reporting 2-6

SPECIFIC WASTE MANAGEMENT

REQUIREMENTS FOR CONDITIONALLY EXEMPT

GENERATORS 3·1

Specific Waste Management

Requirements for CEGs 3-2

Benefits of Proper Hazardous

Waste Management 3-2

Reduced Economic Liability 3-2

Reduced Insurance Costs ,3-2

Maintain Property Value 3-2

Enhanced Public Image of Business 3-2

Minimize Worker Exposure 3-2

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

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c IN-HOUSE WASTE AUDIT 4-1 Y Step 1 thru 4 4-2

Handling 4-2

Storage .4-2

Disposal 4-2

Recycle/Reduce/Reuse 4-2

Develop a Waste Management Plan .4-2

ca.. WASTE MANAGEMENT TIPS T AND RECOMMENDATIONS 5-1

WasteReduction 5-2

DisposalTips .5-2

Container Storage 5-2

Waste Transportation 5-2

Generator Registration .5-2

Hazardous Waste ManagementFirms .5-2

Waste Management Options for

Specific Wastes 5-3

(~V DEQ REGIONAL OFFICE MAP 6-1

~~=~O~~~s.~~~~ 7.1

Key WordSubjectIndex 7-2

Waste Materials ExchangeNumbers 7-2

KeyOfficesDirectory 7-3

Information and Safety Hotlines 7-4

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GLOSSARY OF TERMS 8-1

APPENDIX 1 8-6

EPA Hazardous Wastes 8-6

"F" Listed HazardousWastes 8-6

Conditionally Exempt Generator

Information Form 8-9

3 TABLE OFCONTENTS
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INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this handbook is to provideinformation about hazardous waste management

to businesses that produce small amounts of hazardous waste or "conditionally exempt generators."

Specifically, this handbook can be used to help identify

what wastes are hazardous and what reduction, storage,

and disposal options exist for the management of

hazardous waste.

This handbook does not replace state and federal

hazardous waste regulations; it is to be used as a general

reference to accompany the regulations. For more specific information about state and federal hazardous waste

regulations, call DEQ Waste Reduction Assistance

Program (WRAP) at (503) 229-5913.

More than 200 million tons of hazardous waste

are generated in the United States each year. Hazardous

waste is generated by nearly all industrial and

commercial activities.

Thousands of leaking toxic dumps, pits, ponds

and lagoons resulting from improperly managed

hazardous wastes present expensive and often

irreversible environmental problems. Responsible

hazardous waste management and knowledge of waste

management options can help minimize these problems.

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WHAT ISA

HAZARDOUS WASTE?

Ahaz ardous waste, according to state and federal regulations, is any

hazardous solid, liquid, or contained gaseous material that no longer is

used) is recycled) is thrown away) or is stored until enough has accumulated for

treatment or disposal.

1-1
According to state and federal regulations, hazardous

waste is any hazardous solid, liquid or contained gaseous

material that is no longer used, is recycled, is thrown

away, or is stored until enough has accumulated for

treatment or disposal. Waste is considered hazardous if

it:

• Causes injury, illness or death; or

• Damages or pollutes the land, air or water.

For regulatory purposes, hazardous wastes are

categorized in two ways:

• Listed hazardous wastes

• Characteristic hazardous wastes

LISTED HAZARDOUS WASTES

Listed hazardous wastes are associated with specific

process operations, such. as degreasing or plating.

The following is a partial list of "listed"

hazardous wastes.

• Many spent halogenated solvents and mixtures

of these solvents used as cleaners/degreasers:

carbon tetrachloride, freon, dichlorobenzene,

methylene chloride, perchloroethylene (perc),

trichloromethane, trichloroethylene. See

Appendix 1 for "F" listed wastes.

• Many other waste cleaners/strippers:

acetone/butyl alcohol, carbon disulfide, cresol,

ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), methyl

isobutyl ketone (MlBK), methyl (wood) alcohol,

toluene, xylene. (See Appendix 1)

• Wastes derived from products that contained,

before use, a total of 10 percent or more by

volume of individual solvents or solvent mixtures or blends.

• Residues (still bottoms) from stills or any other

system used to recover spent solvents.

• Most wastes from electroplating operations:

cleaning/stripping tank solutions, plating bath

solutions and sludge, and sludge from pretreatment of wastewater from this process.

• Certain wastes from the heat treatment of

metals.

• Wastes produced during specific manufacturing

processes including manufacturing of certain

chemicals, explosives, inks and pigments,

petroleum refining, and steel finishing (pickle

liquor).

1-2

WHATISA HAZARDOUS WASTE?

• Many out-of-date commercial products are

listed as hazardous wastes: aniline, certain

antibiotics, arsenic compounds, formaldehyde,

hydrofluoric acid, hydrogen sulfide, lead

compounds, mercury compounds, naphthalene,

many nitrogen compounds, many pesticides,

pentachlorophenol (penta), phenols and

pyradine. This list includes more than 200

chemicals.

• Certain pesticide wastes.

• Any residue or contaminated soil, water or other

debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill into

or on any land or water, or any residues that are

federally-listed hazardous wastes.

CHARACTERISTIC WASTES

Characteristic hazardous wastes exhibit certain properties that make them harmful to human health and/or the

environment. These properties are:

IGNITABILITY

Ignitability

A liquid is considered ignitable ifit has a "flash point"

below 140 degrees E A solid is considered hazardous if

it can spontaneously catch fire and bum so persistently

that it presents a hazard.

CORROSIVITY

Corrosivity

Any water-based waste having a "pH" (the unit used to

describe the strength of an acid or caustic) less than

or equal to 2.0, or greater than or equal to 12.5, is

considered corrosive.

Any liquid that can corrode steel at the rate of 1/4"

per year also is classified as corrosive.

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Note: Oregon law requires the generator to determine

all applicable waste codes; e.g., a correct hazardous

waste determination for waste paint and paint

thinner mix might be DOOI (ignitable), F003 and

F005 (jar acetone and toluene thinners used to clean

•

the spray gun) and D008 (jar lead as a constituent of

the paint).

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EPAHW Toxic Regulatory

Code Constituent Level ppm

D004 Arsenic 5.0

D005 Barium 100.0

D006 Cadmium 1.0

D007 Chromium 5.0

D008 Lead 5.0

D009 Mercury 0.2

DOlO Selenium 1.0

DOll Silver 5.0

D012 Endrin 0.02

D013 Lindane 0.4

D014 Methoxychlor 10.0

D015 Toxaphene 0.5

D016 2,4-D 10.0

D017 2,4,5-TP(Silvex) 1.0

D018 Benzene 0.5

D019 Carbon tetrachloride 0.5

D020 Chlordane 0.D3

D021 Chlorobenzene 100.0

D022 Chloroform 6.0

D023 o-Cresol 200.0

D024 m-Cresol 200.0

D025 p-Cresol 200.0

D026 Cresol 200.0

D027 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 7.5

D028 1,2-Dichloroethane 0.5

D029 1,1-Dichlorethylene 0.7

D030 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 0.13

D031 Heptachlor (and its epoxide) 0.008

D032 Hexachlorobenzene 0.13

D033 Hexachlorobutadiene 0.5

D034 Hexachloroethane 3.0

D035 Methyl ethyl ketone 200.0

D036 Nitrobenzene 2.0

D037 Pentachlorophenol 100.0

D038 Pyridine 5.0

D039 Tetrachloroethylene 0.7

D040 Trichloroethylene 0.5

D041 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 400.0

D042 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 2.0

D043 VinylChloride 0.2

TOXICITY

CHARACTERISTIC (Te)

REACTIVllY

Reactivity

Unstable or explosive wastes, or wastes that react

violently when brought into contact with water are

considered reactive. Wastes that release toxic vapors,

such as hydrogen cyanide or hydrogen sulfide, also

are reactive.

Toxicity Characteristic

Wastes that release certain amounts of toxic metals,

solvents or other materials when subjected to a specific

laboratory procedure are known as toxicity characteristic (TC) wastes. If a lab sample of waste exceeds these

levels, the waste is toxic, and therefore is considered

hazardous. Refer to the following list for toxic materials

subject to toxicity characteristic testing.

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1-3 WHATISA HAZARDOUS WASTE?
0.

-------_.------- EXCLUDED WASTES

Some solid wastes are excluded from regulation as

a hazardous waste, even though they may possess

hazardous waste characteristics. The exclusion depends

on the type of the material, and/or the waste management method. Below is a partial listing of the most

common wastes that are generally excluded from being

a hazardous waste.

• Household hazardous waste

• Intact used lead-acid batteries when destined

for off-site recycling

• Used oil that has not been mixed with a

hazardous waste (such as a solvent) and is

properly recycled or used for energy recovery

• Household sewage

• Residue in empty containers

• Materials recycled on-site in a closed loop

process

For a more complete discussion of hazardous waste

determination, please refer to DEQ'sHandbook for

Small Quantity Generators.

1-4

WHATISA HAZARDOUS WASTE?

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE

There are a number of ways-besides accidental spills

and improper disposal-that hazardous wastes reach the

environment.

Municipal Waste Landfills

Land disposal of hazardous waste has long been the first

choice of industry and businesses. Before the regulatory

activities of the 1970's, most hazardous wastes from

industry and businesses that could not be discharged

into rivers and streams were either dumped into municipal landfills with household garbage, or they went into

unlined landfills at the industrial site.

Concerns began to rise as it became apparent that some

wastes being disposed of with ordinary garbage were

dangerously reactive, flammable, corrosive or toxic.

As a result of this discovery, regulations were developed

to direct and encourage hazardous waste generators to

treat certain hazardous wastes destined for landfills or to

consider alternate disposal options. Manylandfill

operators, either to comply with new regulations, or out

of concern for long term liability, restrict the wastes 0"

they will accept. Liquids are of particular concern

because of their ability to seep through landfill liners

with the potential of contaminating groundwater

sources.

Sewer SystemslWastewater Treatment Plants

Hazardous waste discharged to a sewage system may

contain toxic materials that adversely affect the treatment process at the sewage treatment plant. These

wastes can also degrade the collection system and can

pose a health threat to workers. Discharge of ignitable

wastes have the potential of causing an explosion in the

collection system.

Streams and Rivers

Prior to regulations such as the Clean Water Act, many

industries simply discharged untreated wastes to streams

and rivers. However, discharging these wastes directly

into waterbodies can pollute water supplies, can be fatal

to fish, and, over time, can negatively impact boating,

swimming, and fishing. Hazardous wastes can also enter

waterways indirectly as runoff carrying hazardous

materials enters storm drains.
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HAZARDOUS WASTE

GENERATORS

Businesses that generate hazardous waste can range in size from small print shops,

service stations and dry cleaners, to large international chemical companies.

Hazardous waste is generated by all types of businesses and organizations. Even schools

produce hazardous wastes in their labs, maintenance departments and auto shops.

••

2-1
WHO PRODUCES HAZARDOUS WASTE?

While hazardous waste generally is associated with large

industries, in the State of Oregon there are far more small

businesses that produce hazardous wastes than large

businesses.

What types of small businesses generate hazardous

waste? Following is a list of the typical kinds of

hazardous wastes commonly produced by specific

businesses.

TYPE OF BUSINESS

Construction

Educational and

Vocational Shops

Equipment repair

2-2

HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATORS

TYPE OF HAZARDOUS WASTE

GENERATED

Acids/Bases (cleaners, etching

wastes) Ignitable wastes (waste

paint, paint sludge) Solvents

(degreasers, thinners)

Acids/Bases (cleaning solutions, lab wastes) Ignitable

wastes (cleaning solutions)

Reactives (lab wastes) Solvents

(degreasers, paint solvents)

Acids/Bases (cleaners) Heavy

metals (antifreeze, oils)

Ignitable wastes (paint sludges,

thinners) Solvents (degreasers,

cleaners)

TYPE OF BUSINESS TYPE OF HAZARDOUS WASTE

GENERATED

Furniture refinishing Ignitable wastes (paint wastes,

strippers, thinners) Solvents

(cleaners) Acids/Bases(stripper

dip tanks)

Laboratories Acids/Bases (cleaning solutions,

lab reagents) Heavy metals (lab

wastes, reagents) Ignitable

wastes (cleaning solutions)

Reactives (lab reagents)

Solvents (lab reagents, cleaners)

Dry cleaners Solvents (filtration residues,

cleaning solvents, filter

cartridges)

Metal manufacturing Acids/Bases (pickling baths,

etching solutions) Cyanide

wastes, Heavy metals (plating

baths, rinse waters) Solvents

(cleaning solutions, degreasers)

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As you can see, a lot of different businesses produce

hazardous waste in small amounts. Yet, surprisingly, the

categories of waste generated by each of these different

businesses are often similar.

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TYPE OF BUSINESS

Printing

Vehicle maintenance

and auto body work

TYPE OF HAZARDOUS WASTE

GENERATED

Acids/Bases (plate etching

solutions) Heavy metals (waste

inks, sludges, plating waste)

Solvents (cleaning solutions,

fountain solutions, blanket

washes)

Acids/Bases (hot tank wastes,

lead-acid batteries) Heavy

metals (hot tank wastes,

antifreeze) Solvents

(degreasers, cleaners) Ignitable

wastes (waste paints, paint

sludges, thinners)

HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATORS

Generator category is determined in two

ways:

Volume of hazardous waste produced per

month, OR

<Y Volume of hazardous waste stored on site at any

one time.

It is the responsibility of the business that causes

a waste to be generated to decide whether the waste is

hazardous.

Many businesses do not think they "generate" hazardous

waste because their operations do not involve an

industrial or manufacturing process. However, hazardous wastes may be generated when:

A material has been used and is spent, such as a

used solvent, OR

A stored material has exceeded its shelf life, is no

longer usable and must be discarded.

For example, a construction company will not generate

the types of hazardous wastes commonly associated

with an industrial process, but it may generate

hazardous waste in the form of discarded paints and

solvents or other materials, and thus would be classified

as a hazardous waste generator.

2-3

HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATORS
HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATORS FALL INTO THREE CATEGORIES DEPENDING ON THE AMOUNT

GENERATED IN ONE MONTH OR THE AMOUNT OF WASTE STORED ONTHE SITE AT ANY ONE TIME.

YOU ARE A CONDITIONALLY EXEMPT SMALL QUANTITY GENERATOR (CEG) IF...

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In one calendar month you...

• generate 2.2 pounds or less of acute hazardous wastes, or

• generate 220 pounds or less of hazardous wastes, or

• generate 220 pounds or less of spill cleanup debris containing

hazardous waste, or

At any time you...

• accumulate up to 2,200 pounds of hazardous waste on-site

YOU ARE A SMALL QUANTITY GENERATOR (SQG) IF...

In one calendar month you..

• generate more than 220 pounds and less than 2,200 pounds of hazardous

wastes, or

• generate more than 220 pounds and less than 2,200 pounds of spill cleanup

debris containing hazardous wastes, or

At any time you...

• accumulate more than 2,200 pounds of hazardous waste on-site

YOU ARE A LARGE QUANTITY GENERATOR (LQG) IF...

In one calendar month you...

• generate 2,200 pounds or more of hazardous waste, or

• generate 2,200 pounds or more of spill cleanup debris containing hazardous

waste, or

• generate more than 2.2 pounds of acute hazardous waste, or

• generate more than 220 pounds of spill cleanup debris containing an acute

hazardous waste, or

At any time you...

• accumulate more than 2.2 pounds of acute hazardous waste on-site o

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HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATORS
HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION

- - - - - - - - --- -

GENERATOR "A" I c '

'r-.q,.<..<v

0~

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2201bs.

oIbs.

Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

GENERATOR CATEGORY IS DETERMINED MONTHLY

DEQ bases a generator's category on the largest amount

of hazardous waste generated during a single month

within a year. For example, if a business produces more

than 220 Ibs. of hazardous waste for any calendar month

during the year, that business will not be considered a

CEG for that year. The same is true of a generator who

stores more than 2,200 Ibs. of hazardous waste at any

time.

Consider the following:

Even though Generator "A" produced less than 220 Ibs.

in 11 months of the year, because May's generation

exceeded 220 Ibs., this generator is considered a Small

Quantity Generator (SQG) for the purposes of waste

reporting. They must report total waste generated for

the year and pay fees. They must also manage May's

hazardous waste as a small quantity generator and

comply with the appropriate small quantity generator

hazardous waste regulations. For the other 11 months

they may manage their hazardous waste as a conditionally exempt hazardous waste generator.

For more information on hazardous waste management

requirements for SQGs, refer to DEQ's Handbook for

Small Quantity Generators.

2201bs.

•

220 pounds is

approximately

one balfofa

55 gallon drum.

2-5

HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATORS
DETERMINING YOUR GENERATOR CATEGORY

Since the regulations for each of the hazardous waste

generator categories are different, it is important to be

aware of changes in the quantity of waste you produce

for anyone calendar month, and how any changes may

effect your compliance requirements.

How to find out your generator category:

1. Determine the type and maximum amount of hazardous waste generated in one calendar month.

When measuring the amount of hazardous waste

generated, include the following:

• Waste accumulated prior to recycling,

transporting, storing, treating or disposing.

• Waste transported off-site for treatment, storage,

disposal or recycling.

• Waste recycled on-site.

2. Once you have calculated the total amount of

hazardous waste produced in one month, refer to the

generator status classifications in the previous

section.

Ifyou have any questions concerning the types and

amounts of hazardous waste your business produces and

your generator category, contact either the regional

offices listed on page 6-1 or the DEQ's Waste Reduction

Assistance Program at (503) 229-5913.

2-6

HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATORS

ANNUAL REPORTING OF HAZARDOUS WASTE

If you are a CEGonly, and you are not also a treatment,

storage, disposal facility, you do not need to complete

hazardous waste reporting forms. You do need to

complete reporting forms if you are a:

• SmallQuantity Generator.

• Large Quantity Generator.

• Treatment, Storage or Disposal facility (TSD).

• Designated recycling facility.

DEQ's "Hazardous Waste Reporting Forms" describe

exactly who needs to complete forms, and which forms

need to be filled out. For a copy of the forms and

guidebook, contact the Waste Reduction Assistance

Program at (503) 229-5913.

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SPECIFIC WASTE MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR

CONDITIONALLY EXEMPT GENERATORS

A

.lthough the amounts of hazardous wastes they produce are small,

.: conditionally exempt generators still have a responsibility to manage their

wastesproperlyfor the protection ofhuman health and the environment.

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-------,--------- SPECIFIC WASTE MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS

FORCEGs·

CEGsare not regulated in the same way as large producers of hazardous waste. Still, they have a responsibility

to manage hazardous wastes properly.

A CEGmay treat its hazardous waste in an on-site facility

or ensure delivery to an off-site treatment, storage or

disposal facility. The off-site management facility must

be:

• a designated hazardous waste management

facility; or,

• a designated recycling facility; or,

• a facility permitted to take municipal or industrial solid waste. Please note: solid waste management facilities have control over what types of

wastes they will accept. SOLID WASTE FACILITIES ARE NOT ALLOWED TO ACCEPT LIQUIDS

FOR DISPOSAL. When in doubt, contact the

landfill operator. Many facility operators restrict

disposal of all types of hazardous waste at their

facilities. YOU SHOULD HAVE THEAPPROVAL

OF THE RECElVlNG FACILITY TO LEAVE YOUR

WASTE THERE!

CEGsare not required to have a DEQ/EPA Identification

Number, but most transporters and disposal facilities will

not accept hazardous waste without a DEQ/EPA

Identification Number and a proper hazardous waste

manifest.

o • Reduced Insurance Costs

Many insurance companies require an environmental audit of businesses before issuing

policies. A company practicing responsible

waste management may qualify for lower

insurance rates. On the other hand, if a company has sloppy management practices, or if they

are unable to account for all of their waste

activity, they may be charged higher rates, or

in some cases, may be refused coverage.

• Maintenance ofProperty Value

A property with known or suspected

contamination from hazardous wastes can suffer

serious loss of value, and lending institutions

may hesitate to offer loans on such properties.

• Enhanced Public Image of Business

Many customers prefer doing business with

organizations that manage their hazardous

wastes responsibly.

• Minimized Worker Exposure

OSHA requires that certain workplace safety

standards be followed. Proper hazardous waste 0) management can reduce worker exposure to

chemicals.

Proper waste management makes sense not only

from a regulatory compliance standpoint, but it

makes sense in terms of reducing risk to humans

and the environment. It also makes good

economic sense.

Benefits of Proper Hazardous Waste

Management

Beyond reducing environmental risks, proper management of hazardous waste makes good business sense.

Here are some of the benefits of a sound hazardous

waste management program:

• Reduced Economic Liability

Improper disposal of hazardous waste can lead

to very costly cleanups. Under Federal law,

businesses are liable for clean up of improper

hazardous waste disposal, hazardous waste

spills and/or releases. The economic burden of

such liability can be minimized, if not altogether

avoided, through good waste management

techniques.

3-2

SPECIFIC WASTE MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR CONDITIONAllY EXEMPT GENERATORS

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IN-HOUSE

WASTE AUDIT

Taking a close look at your current practices is the first step toward achieving

the benefits ofproper hazardous waste management.

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HI1'2~OUS

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(,

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IN-HOUSE WASTE AUDIT

One of the best ways to begin developing a good hazardous waste management program is to perform an inhouse waste audit. The purpose of the audit is to

determine not only what hazardous wastes your business

currently generates, but to begin exploring all the

options available to store, treat and dispose of these

wastes.

Step 1 Inventory Wastes Produced.

list all wastes currently produced.

Step 2 Decide Which Wastes are Hazardous.

If you are unsure of which wastes are

considered hazardous, contact DEQ at your

nearest regional office (see page 6-1) or

call (503) 229-5913.

Step 3 Determine Generator Category (see Chapter 3).

Step 4 Evaluate Current Waste Management Methods.

DEVELOP A WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN

Once you have completed an in-house audit, it is time to

prepare a Waste Management Plan. Even if you produce

only small amounts of hazardous waste, it is wise to have

such a plan. In addition to answering the questions

raised in the previous section, the plan should include

emergency guidelines for spills, phone numbers of

hazardous waste management companies and emergency

response teams, recycling centers, hazardous waste

collection event information, and trade association

numbers.

Handling

How is waste presently handled? How many

employees are trained to handle hazardous

waste? Is training adequate?

Is there enough background information (e.g.,

MSDS) on the chemicals in the waste to understand the health and environmental risks?

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Storage

Where is the waste stored? For how long? Are

several small containers used to hold waste? Is

the waste accumulated in large containers? Are

all waste containers properly labelled?

Recyle/Reduce/Reuse

Could any of the waste be recycled, reduced or

reused? A lot of work has been done in the area

of waste reduction. Even simple waste reduction

methods can result in significant savings. DEQ

has information on waste reduction for specific

businesses.

Disposal

What are all the disposal options? Are some of

these wastes "banned" from landfilling? What

are the costs of different disposal options?

4-2

IN-HOUSE WASTE AUDIT
•

•

•

WASTE MANAGEMENT TIPS

AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Finally, there are several general waste management recommendations for

managing hazardous waste.

IHl\ZIIlUY" .

I I '

L;"~ I

~I: ~'".-"" "

,.

J I,

5-1
There are several things to keep in mind when developing the best hazardous waste management program for

your business.

1. Waste Reduction

Reducing hazardous waste or eliminating hazardous

waste altogether is the best way to avoid liability,

the expense of hazardous waste management, and

the risks to human health and the environment.

Consider reduction methods.

o

together. Mixed hazardous wastes are more diffic~lt

and expensive to treat. Also, do not mix nonhazardous waste with hazardous waste since the

resulting mixture becomes hazardous.

4. Waste Transportation

Conditionally Exempt Generators are allowed to

transport their own waste as long as the waste is in a

labelled container and the containers are in good

condition and not leaking. Registered hazardous

waste transporters may be used but may require you

to have a DEQIEPA Identification Number.

5. Generator Registration

Conditionally Exempt Generators are not required

to register their hazardous activity with either DEQor

the EPA. However, hazardous waste management

firms may require you to have a DEQIEPA

Identification Number. For additional information

on obtaining a DEQIEPA Identification Number,

call (503) 229-6511.

6. Hazardous Waste Management Firms

Not all hazardous waste management firms are C) qualified to manage your wastes. Be sure when

dealing with firms to ask for references and always

be sure that the terms of the contract are quite clear.

Know where your waste is going and the disposal

and management methods used. Check with

DEQ concerning the disposal firm's regulatory

compliance record.

2. Disposal Tips

Don't dispose of hazardous or industrial waste in

septic systems, dry wells, bore holes, or on the land.

Waste should not be disposed of in stormdrains,

streams, rivers or other waterbodies. Hazardous

waste should not be placed in sewer systems or

municipallandftlls without prior permission.

Do dispose of hazardous waste at permitted hazardous waste facilities. See the list on the following

page for some common management methods for

specific types of waste.

3. Container Storage

Don't store hazardous waste containers on a gravel

surface. Where possible, hazardous waste should be

stored on an impermeable surface with secondary

containment. Concrete byitself is not impermeable.

Keep empty containers closed on their sides with

their bungs in when stored outside. This prevents

rainwater from ftlling the container.

All containers should be labelled with their contents

whether they contain waste, product, or are empty. '

Do not mix different types of hazardous waste

5-2

WASTE MANAGEMENT TIPS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

mm o
•

•

•

"' ~~

o

------------------------ WASTE MANAGEMENT OPTIONS

FOR SPECIFIC WASTES

Below are some management options that are currently in use for specific wastes. The list does not include all

options that may be available. The location of your business and the amount of waste you generate may affect what

options are most appropriate. In all cases, waste reduction should be considered first to minimize the amount of

waste that needs to be managed. Many of the methods listed below may require the services of a waste management

firm.

I . - .~. -- ---- -

Common Management Method IWaste Type Comments

- . - - -- - - --- - _.- - ,- - .~, --

Solvents Recycling (on-site or off-site), disposal at a Very often hazardous, is usually

hazardous waste management facility recycled

Paint waste Use, recycle (if possible), donate to someone Latex paint is usually not . who can use, solidify and landfill iflatex, hazardous; oil based paint

dispose at a hazardous waste management facility is often hazardous

Used oil Recycle off-site, burn on-site for space heat Not regulated as hazardous

in approved furnace if recycled; very often is

hazardous

Used oil filters Recycle, may go to a municipal waste landfill Used oil filters are exempt

if drained or crushed from being a hazardous waste

when properly drained or

crushed. ("Terne" plated filters

are not exempt.)

Dry-cleaning solvent Dispose of at a hazardous waste management Hazardous ifsolvent is

sludges and filters facility perchloroethylene; often

hazardous if Stoddard solvent

Printing ink wastes Recycle, use unused ink, landfill (ifsolidified Is often hazardous due to

and not hazardous), disposal at a hazardous solvent or metal content

waste management facility

Hot tank liquids Treatment on-site/off-site (neutralize and Very often hazardous, often

de-water), dispose at a hazardous waste can be neutralized and liquids

management facility discharged to sewer. Ifliquid

is to be discharged to sewer,

check with sewer agency.

Sludge left from neutralization

may be hazardous.

Hot tank sludges Dispose at a hazardous waste management Very often hazardous

facility

Antifreeze Recycle on-site/off-site Can be hazardous, some sewer

agencies allow small amounts

to be discharged.

5-3 WASTE MANAGEMENT TIPS AND RECOMMENDATlON~
•

DEQ REGIONAL OFFICE MAP

WILLAMEITE VALLEY REGION

•

NORTHWEST REGION

1500 S.W. 1st Ave.

Suite #750

Portland, OR 97201

"B'(503) 229-5263

750 Front St. N.E., Suite 120

Salem, OR 97310

"B' (503) 378-8240

Counties:

Marion

Polk

Yamhill

lincoln

Benton

linn

Lane

Counties:

Clatsop

Tillamook

Multnomah

Columbia

Washington

Clackamas

EASTERN REGION

700 S.E. Emigrant, Suite 330

Pendleton, OR 97801

"B'(503) 276-4063

Counties:

Gilliam Morrow

Umatilla Wallowa

Union Wheeler

Grant Baker

Malheur

•

Regional Offices ofthe Oregon Department ofEnvironmental Quality

SOUTHWEST REGION

201 W. Main Street, Suite 2-D

Medford, OR 97501

"B' (503) 776-6010

Counties:

Coos

Douglas

Curry

Josephine

Jackson

CENTRAL REGION

2146 N.E. 4th

Suite 104

Bend, OR 97701

"B'(503) 388-6146

Counties:

Hood River

Wasco

Crook

Klamath

Harney

Sherman

Jefferson

Deschutes

Lake

6-1
•

•

•

I '

INFORMATION

ASSISTANCE/TELEPHONE LISTS

W

·

e all have questions from time to time about how to proceed or what

',', applies to us. Thesephone lists are prouided to assist you when a question

_. arises. Protecting Oregon's environment is an important job. If you have

questions, call.

7-1
- --- -~---- -----

KEY WORD SUBJECT INDEX AND IMPORTANT NUMBERS TO CALL

FOR MORE INFORMATION

o

KEYWORD TELEPHONE# AGENCY WASTE MATElUALS EXCHANGE TELPHONE#

PCBs (EPA) 326-3250 U.S. EPA

Pesticides, Fungicides,

Insecticides, Herbicides

Department of

Agriculture 378-3776 AGRI.

DEQ 229-5913 DEQ

Spills/Notifications

OREGON EMERGENCY

RESPONSE

SYSTEM 1-800-452-0311 EMD

Ocean or Navigable

Waters 240-9300 U.S.

Coast

Guard

National Response

Center 1-800-424-8802 U.S.

Coast

Guard

Toxics Chemical Release

Inventory Report 378-3473 STATE FIRE

MARSHAL

Transportation of Hazardous Waste

Public Utility

Commission 378-5916 PUC

Underground Storage Tanks

General Information 229-5733 DEQ

Leaking tanks Notify

appropriate

regional office

(see page 6-1)

ALBERTA WASTE

MATERIALS EXCHANGE .403-450-5408

P.O. Box 8330, Postal Station F

Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6H 5X2

BRITISHCOLUMBIA

WASTE EXCHANGE 604-731-7222

1525 West 8th Avenue, Suite 102

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6J 1T5

CALIFORNIA WASTE

EXCHANGE 916-324-1807

P.O. Box 942732

Sacramento, California 94234-7320

CALMAX 916-327-9366

California Integrated

Waste Mgmt. Board 1-800-553-2962

1020 9th Street

Sacramento, California 95814

IMEX 206-296-4899

172 20th Avenue

Seattle, Washington 98122

MONTANAINDUSTRIAL

WASTE EXCHANGE 406-442-2405

P.O. Box 1730

Helena, Montana 59624

PACIFIC MATERIALS EXCHANGE 509-623-4244

South 3707 Godfrey Boulevard

Spokane, Washington 99204

o

7-2

INFORMATION ASSISTANCElTElEPHONE LISTS

o
KEY OFFICES DIRECTORY LIST

KEY OFFICES DIRECTORY TELEPHONE # KEY OFFICES DIRECTORY TELEPHONE #

•

•

DEPARTMENT OF

ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

Hotline (Toll Free) 1-800-452- 4011

Air Quality Division

Asbestos 229-5982

General Information 229-5359

Vehicle Inspection 229-6238

Wood Burning Stoves 229-5177

Hazardous and SolidWaste 229-5913

Enforcement (Civil Penalties) 229-6232

H.W Reduction and Permitting 229-5913

H.W Policyand ProgramDevelopment.. 229-5913

H.W Identification Number 229-6511

Solid Waste

Permits arid Compliance 229-5913

Reduction and Recycling 229-5913

Tire Disposal 229-6912

Environmental Cleanup Division 229-6170

Drug lab Cleanup 229-6170

Site Data BaseInformation,

PreliminaryAssessments,

Confirmed ReleaseUST 229-6170

Site Response Program 229-6170

Underground StorageTanks 229-5733

VoluntaryCleanup Program 229-6712

Management ServicesDivision

General Information 229-6484

Tax Credit. 229-6408

Regional Offices

Northwest Region 229-5263

WillametteValley Region 378-8240

Southwest Region 776-6010

Central Region 388-6146

Eastern Region 276-4063

Water Quality Division 229-5279

Construction Grants 229-5340

HEALTH DIVISION

Drinking Water 229-6307

OREGON OCCUPATIONAL SAFElY

AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION

(OSHA) 378-3272 or 1-800-922-2689

PUBLIC UTILITY COMMISSION

(PUC) 378-6611

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

(EPA) REGION X 206-553-1200

EPA HEADQUARTERS

WASHINGTON, D.C. 202-382-2090

EPA OREGON OPERATIONS OFFICE 503-326-3250

EPA SmallBusiness Ombudsman

Regional Office 206-553-4280

Headquarters . 202-557-1938

WATER RESOURCES DEPARTMENT

Abandoned Water Wells 378-3739

7-3

INFORMATION ASSISTANCEfTELEPHONE LISTS
INFORMATION AND SAFETY HOTLINES ~" ~~

o

INFORMATION &

SAFElY HOTLINES TELEPHONE #

INFORMATION &

SAFElY HOTLINES TELEPHONE #

c

Centers for Disease Control 404-633-5313

Chemical Transportation Emergency Ctr.

(Chemtrec) 1-800-262-8200

Chemical Referral Center

Chemical Manufacturing Association ....1-800-262-8200

Department of Transportation

Hazardous Materials Information 202-366-4488

Emergency Planning and Community

Right to Know Hotline (EPA)

SARA Title 3, Community

Right to Know 1-800-535-0202

Federal Emergency Management

National Emergency Preparedness 817-898-9104

National Institute of Occupational

Safety & Health (NIOSH) 1-800-356-4674

National Response Center Hotline 1-800-424-8802

National Safety Council 312-527-4800

Oregon Emergency Response System 1-800-452-0311

OSHAHotline-Complaints (Federal) 1-800-321.(j742

OSHAHealth Standards (Federal) 202-523-7075

OSHA (Oregon) 1-800-922-2689

RCRA Superfund Hotline 1-800-424-9346

Safe Drinking Water Hotline 1-800-426-4791

Small Business Hotline 1-800-368-5888

Substance Identification

Chemical Abstracts (CAS #) 1-800-848.fJ538

Toxic Substances Control Act

(TSCA) 202-554-1404

c

7-4

INFORMATION ASSISTANCEfTElEPHONE LISTS

o
•

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

•

•

Accumulation: a generator may

accumulate hazardous waste for a short

period of time before shipping it off-site.

The waste must be accumulated in

either tanks or containers; it may not be

accumulated in surface impoundments.

• Large Quantity Generators may

accumulate their waste for up to

90 days before shipping it off-site.

• Small Quantity Generators

may accumulate their waste for

up tol80 days before shipping it

off-site. If the treatment,

storage, disposal or recycling

facility (to which they send their

waste) is more than 200 miles

away, they may accumulate the

waste for 270 days.

AcuteHazardous Waste: P-listed

wastes found in 40 CFR 26I.33(e). These

wastes are acutely toxic. Generation or

storage of more than 2.2 pounds of

these wastes makes a generator a large

quantity generator.

Annual Hazardous Waste Reports:

Beginning in 1992, all SmallQuantity and

LargeQuantity hazardous waste generators (as well as TSDFs and off-site

recycling facilities) must complete an

annual report of hazardous waste

activities.. This report is intended to

cover activities of the previous calendar

year and is due March 1 of each year.

The report should include both on-site

and off-site hazardous waste generator

activities.

CERCLA:· Comprehensive Environmental

Response, Compensation and Liability

Act also known as "Superfund".

CFR: Code of Federal Regulations.

Closed-Loop Recycling System: a

production system in which secondary

materials are reclaimed, returned to, and

reused in the original production

process or processes from which they

were generated PROVIDED:

1. Only tank storage is involved,

and the entire process through

completion of reclamation is

closed by being entirely connected with pipes or other comparable means of conveyance;

2. Reclamation does not involve

controlled flame combustion

(such as occurs in boilers,

industrial furnaces, or

incinerators);

3. The secondary materials are

never accumulated in such tanks

for over twelve months without

being reclaimed; and

4. The reclaimed material is not

used to produce a fuel, or used to

produce products that are used in

a manner constituting disposal.

For the purposes of "closed-loop

recycling", degreasing processes are not

considered "production" processes, and

the reclaimed degreasing solvent, when

subsequently used as a degreaser, is not

feedstock. Therefore, a degreasing

process would not fit the criteria for a

closed-loop recycling system.

Container: any portable device in

which a material is stored, transported,

treated, disposed of, or otherwise

handled.

DEQ: Oregon Department of

Environmental Quality.

DEQ/EPA Identification Number: the

unique number assigned by EPA or DEQ

to each generator, transporter, and

treatment, storage and disposal facility.

This ID number begins with "OR" and is

followed by 10 letters or numbers.

Designated DEQ/EPA Facility: a

hazardous waste treatment, storage or

disposal facility (TSDF)which:

1. has received a permit (or interim

status) in accordance with 40

CFR 270 and 124;

2. has received a permit (or interim

status) from an authorized state in

accordance with 40 CFR271; or

3. is regulated under 40 CFR

26I.6(c)(2) or subpart F of 40·

CFR270; and

4. has been designated on a

manifest by the generator.

8-1

GLOSSARY OFTERMS
Designated Recycling Facility: a

facility that is designated on a manifest

by a hazardous waste generator, and that

recycles hazardous waste received from

off-site, in units that are exempt from

requirements to obtain a RCRA permit

for the management of hazardous waste.

Disposal: the discharge, deposit,

injection, dumping, spilling, leaking, or

placing of any hazardous waste or

hazardous substance into or on any land

or water so that the hazardous waste or

hazardous substance or any constituent

thereof may enter the environment or be

emitted into the air or discharged into

any waters of the state as defined in

ORS 468.700.

EPA: United States Environmental

Protection Agency.

Facility: refers to all contiguous land and

structures, other appurtenances, and

improvements on the land, used for

treating, storing or disposing of hazardous waste.

Generator: a person who, by virtue of

ownership, management, or control, is

responsible for causing or allowing to be

caused the creation of hazardous waste.

Generator Status: there are three

categories (status) of hazardous waste

generators. Each category has different

regulatory requirements. These

categories are:

8-2

GLOSSARY OFTERMS

• Large Quantity Generator (LQG)

You are a Large Quantity

Generator (LQG)if in one

calendar month you:

• generate 2,200 or more pounds of

hazardous waste.

• generate 2,200 pounds or more of

spill cleanup debris containing

hazardous waste.

• generate more than 2.2 pounds of

acute hazardous waste.

• generate more than 220 pounds

of spill cleanup debris containing

an acute hazardous waste.

• accumulate, at any time, more

than 2.2 pounds of acute

hazardous waste on-site.

• Small Quantity Generator (SQG)

You are a Small Quantity

Generator (SQG)if in one

calendar month you:

• generate more than 220 pounds

and less than 2,200 pounds of

hazardous waste.

• generate more than 220 pounds

and less than 2,200 pounds of

spill cleanup debris containing

hazardous waste.

• accumulate, at anytime, more

than a total of 2,200 pounds of

hazardous waste on-site.

• Conditionally Exempt Small

Quantity Generator (CEG)

You are a Conditionally Exempt

SmallQuantity Generator (CEG)if

in one calendar month you:

• generate 2.2 pounds or less of

acute hazardous waste.

• generate 220 pounds or less of

hazardous waste.

• generate 220 pounds or less of

spill cleanup debris containing

hazardous waste.

• accumulate, at any time, up to

2,200 pounds of hazardous waste

on-site.

Halogenated Solvents: solvent

containing any of a group of five

chemically related nonmetallic elements

including fluorine, chlorine, bromine,

iodine and astatine.

Hazardous Waste (HW): means a

hazardous waste as defined in

40 CFR 261.3 and OAR 34D-I01-D33.

Hazardous Waste Fee: refers to an

annual fee that each person generating a

hazardous waste is subject to which is

based on the amount of hazardous waste

generated during the previous calendar

year and the method by which it was

generated. For further discussion, refer

to OAR 340-102-065.

Hazardous Waste Minimization: the

reduction, to the extent feasible, of

hazardous waste that is generated or

subsequently treated, stored, or disposed

of. It includes any source reduction or

recycling activity undertaken by a

generator that results in:

1. the reduction of total volume or

quantity of hazardous waste;

2. the reduction of toxicity of

hazardous waste; or

3. both, as long as the reduction is

consistent with the goal of

minimizing present and future

threats to human health and the

environment.

o

o

o
•

•

•

Hazardous Waste Reduction:

1. Any recycling or other activity

applied after hazardous waste is

generated that is consistent with the

general goal of reducing present and

future threats to public health, safety

and the environment. Reduction

may be proportionate to the increase

or decrease in production or other

business changes. The recycling

or other activity shall result in:

(a) the reduction of total volume

or quantity of hazardous

waste generated that would

otherwise be treated, stored,

or disposed; or

(b) the reduction of toxicity of

hazardous waste that would

otherwise be treated, stored,

or disposed of; or

(c) both the reduction of total

volume or quantity and the

reduction of toxicity of

hazardous waste; and

(d) does not result in: (1) the

transfer of hazardous

constituents from one

environmental medium to

another; (2) concentrating

waste solely for the purposes

of reducing volume; and (3)

using dilution as a means of

reducing toxicity.

2. On-site or off-sitetreatment may be

included if it can be shown that such

treatment confers a higher degree of

protection of the public health,

safety and the environment than

other technically and economically

practicable waste reduction

alternatives.

Large Toxics User (LTU): a facility that

is required to file a form 313 under SARA

Title 3.

Management: the treatment, storage,

disposal, or recycling of hazardous

waste.

Management Facility: means a facility

that treats, stores, disposes of, or

recycles hazardous waste.

Manifest: the shipping document, EPA

form 8700-22 and, if necessary, EPA form

8700-22A,originated and signed by the

generator in accordance with the

instructions included in the Appendix to

40 CFRPart 262 as modified in

OAR 340-102-060.

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS):

manufacturers are required by law to

provide material safety data sheets on all

products that they manufacture and sell.

These data .sheets provide information

on the physical, chemical and toxic

properties of a product.

On-site: the same or geographically

contiguous property which may be

divided by public or private right-of-way,

provided the entrance and exit between

the process is at a cross-road intersection

and access is by crossing as opposed to

going along the right-of-way. Noncontiguous properties owned by the

same person but connected by a right-ofway which he controls and to which the

public does not have access are considered on-site property.

Open-Loop Recycling System: a

recycling system that does not meet the

criteria for "closed-loop recycling" or "inline/continuous recycling/reclamation".

Operator: the person responsible for

the overall operation of the facility.

Oregon Hazardous Waste

Regulations: hazardous waste regulations are made up of federally adopted

regulations and State of Oregon regulations. Federal hazardous waste regulations are located in Title 40 of the Code

of Federal Regulations (CFR)in Parts 260

through 270. In this document, these

regulations may be referred to as

40 CFR260.....

Oregon hazardous waste regulations are

located in the Oregon Administrative

Rules (OAR)Chapter 340 Division 100

through 110 and 120. In this document,

they are referred to as OAR340-100-005,

etc.

Owner: the person who owns the

facility or part of the facility.

RCRA (Resource Conservation and

Recovery Act): the federal law

regulating hazardous waste, as amended

by Oregon law.

Reclamation: a process to recover a

usable product, or to regenerate a usable

material. Examples are lead recovery

from spent batteries and regeneration of

spent solvents.

Recycling: the use, reuse, or reclamation of a waste material. (See

40 CFR261.2)

Standard Industrial Classification

(SIC) Code: a four-digit coding system,

developed by the Census Bureau and the

Office of Management and Budget, that

categorizes the principal product or

group of products produced or distributed, or services rendered at a site.

Site: the land or water area where any

facility or activity is located or conducted, including adjacent land used in

connection with the facility or activity.

Small QuantityGenerator (SQG): see

definition of Generator Status.

8-3

GLOSSARY OFTERMS
Solid/Sludge Residual: any solid or

semi-solid waste generated from a

municipal, commercial, or industrial

wastewater treatment plant, water

supply treatment plant, or air pollution

control facility exclusive of the treatment effluent from a wastewater

treatment plant.

Source Reduction: the reduction or

elimination of waste at the source of

generation, usually within a process.

Source reduction activities include

process modifications, feedstock

substitutions, improvements in feedstock purity, housekeeping and

management practices, increases in the

efficiency of machinery, and recycling

within a process. Source reduction

implies any action that reduces the

toxicity or the amount of waste exiting

a process.

"State Only" Hazardous Waste:

additional hazardous wastes designated

in OAR340-102-033.

Storage: the holding of hazardous

waste for a temporary period at the end

of which the hazardous waste is treated,

disposed of, or stored elsewhere. (See

also, Accumulation).

Superfund: see CERCLA.

Tank: a stationary device, designed to

contain an accumulation of hazardous

waste which is constructed primarily of

non-earthen materials (e.g., wood,

concrete, steel, plastic) which provide

structural support.

Toxics Use: use or production of a toxic

substance.

TUR: refers to Toxic Use Reduction Plan,

which must be completed if the

generator files EPA form "R" under SARA

Title 3. This would apply only to large

toxic users (LTU).

8-4

GLOSSARY Of TERMS

Toxics Use Reduction: in-plant

changes in production or other processes or operations, products or raw

materials that reduce, avoid or eliminate

the use or production of toxic substances without creating substantial new

risks to public health, safety and the

environment. Reduction may be

proportionate to increases or decreases

in production or other business changes.

Reduction means application of any of

the following techniques:

1. input substitution, by replacing

a toxic substance or raw

material used in a production

or other process or operation

with a nontoxic or less toxic

substance;

2. product reformulation, by

substituting for an existing end

product, an end product which is

nontoxic or less toxic upon

use, release or disposal;

3. production or other process or

operation modernization, by

upgrading or replacing existing

equipment and methods with

other equipment and methods;

4. production or other process or

operation redesign or

modifications;

S. improved operation and maintenance of production processes or

equipment or methods, and

modifications or additions to

existing equipment or methods,

including techniques such as

improved housekeeping

practices, system adjustments,

product and process inspections

or production or process

changes; or

6. recycling, reuse or extended use

of toxics by using equipment or

methods that become an integral

part of the production or other

process or operation of concern,

including but not limited to

filtration and other methods.

Transporter: a person engaged in the

off-site transportation of hazardous

waste by air, rail, highway, or water.

Treatment: any method, technique or

process, including neutralization,

designed to change the physical,

chemical or biological character or

composition of any hazardous waste so

as to:

1. neutralize such waste,

2. recover energy or material \

resources from the waste, -I

3. render such waste non-hazardous

or less hazardous,

4. make it safer for transport,

storage, or disposal, or

S. make it amenable for recovery,

amenable for storage, or reduce

its volume.

TSDF: Treatment, Storage, or Disposal

Facility. C,

Used orreused: a material that is:

1. employed as an ingredient

(including use as an intermediate)

in an industrial process to make a

product (e.g., distillation bottoms

from one process used as a

feedstock in another process).

However, a material will not

satisfy this condition if distinct

components of the material are

recovered as separate end

products (as when metals are

recovered from metal-containing

secondary materials); or

2. employed in a particular function

or application as an effective

substitute for a commercial

product (e.g., spent pickle liquor

used as phosphorous precipitant

and sludge conditioner in

wastewater treatment).

o

------- ~~-
•

APPENDIX 1

EPAHAZARDOUS WASTE CODES

•

•

"F" LISTED HAZARDOUS WASTES

(as found in 40 CFR 261.31)

This is a partial list of the federally listed hazardous

wastes. It includes only the "F" listed hazardous wastes.

The following are generated in common industrial

processes. For a more complete hazardous waste listing,

please obtain DEQ'sHazardous Waste Determination

Factsheet by calling (503) 229-5913.

FOOl The following spent halogenated

solvents used in degreasing: Tetrachloroethylene,

trichlorethylene, methylene chloride, 1,1,1-

trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride and chlorinated

fluorocarbons; allspent solvent mixtures/blends used in

degreasing containing, before use, a total of ten percent

or more (by volume) of one or more of the above

halogenated solvents or those solvents listed in F002,

F004, and F005; and still bottoms from the recovery of

these spent solvents and spent solvent mixtures.

F002 The following spent halogenated solvents:

Tetrachloroethylene, methylene chloride, trichloroethylene, l,l,l-trichloroethane, chlorobenzene, 1,1,2-

trichloro-l,2,2- trifluoroethane, ortho-dichlorobenzene,

trichlorofluoromethane, and 1,I,2, trichloro-ethane; all

spent solvent mixtures/blends containing, before use, a

total of ten percent or more (by volume) of one or more

of the above halogenated solvents or those solvents

listed in FOOl, F004, and F005; and stilI bottoms from the

recovery of these spent solvents and spent solvent

mixtures.

F003 The following spent non-halogenated solvents: Xylene, acetone, ethyl acetate, ethyl benzene,

ethyl ether, methyl isobutyl ketone, n-butyl alcohol,

cyclohexanone, and methanol; all spent solvent mixtures/ blends containing, before use, only the above

spent nonhalogenated solvents; and all spent solvent

mixtures/blends containing, before use, one or more of

the above nonhalogenated solvents, and a total of ten

percent or more (by volume) of one or more of those

solvents listed in FOOl, F002, F004, and F005; and still

bottoms from the recovery of these spent solvents and

spent solvent mixtures.

F004 The following spent nonhalogenated

solvents: cresols, cresylic acid, and nitrobenzene; and

the still bottoms from the recovery of these solvents; all

spent solvent mixtures/blends containing, before use, a

total of ten percent or more (by volume) of one or more

of the above nonhalogenated solvents or those solvents

listed in FOOl, F002, and F005; and still bottoms from the

recovery of these spent solvents and spent solvent

mixtures.

FOOS The following spent nonhalogenated solvents: toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, carbon disulfide,

isobutanol, pyridine, benzene, 2-ethoxyethanol, and 2-

nitro-propane; allspent solvent mixturesiblends containing, before use, a total of ten percent or more (by

volume) of one or more of the above nonhalogenated

solvents or those solvents listed in FOOl, F002, or F004;

and still bottoms from the recovery of these spent

solvents and spent solvent mixtures.

FOOG Wastewater treatment sludges from electroplating operations except from the following

processes: (1) sulfuric acid anodizing of aluminum; (2)

tin plating on carbon steel; (3) zinc plating (segregated

basis) on carbon steel; (4) aluminum or zinc-aluminum

plating on carbon steel; (5) cleaning/stripping associated

with tin, zinc, and aluminum plating on carbon steel;

and (6) chemical etching and milling of aluminum.

F007 Spent cyanide plating bath solutions from electroplating operations.

FOOS Plating bath residues from the bottom of plating

baths from electroplating operations in which cyanides

are used in the process.

F009 Spent stripping and cleaning bath solutions from

electroplating operations in which cyanides are used in

the process.

FOIOQuenching bath residues from oil baths from metal

heat treating operations in which cyanides are used in

the process.

FOll Spent cyanide solutions from salt bath pot cleaning

from metal heat treating operations.

FOl2 Quenching wastewater treatment sludges from

metal heat treating operations in which cyanides are

used in the process.

FOl9 Wastewater treatment sludges from the chemical

conversion coating of aluminum except from zirconium

phosphating in aluminum can washing when such

phosphating is an exclusive conversion coating process.

HAZARDOUS

WASTE FEDERAl lAW PROHIBITS IMPROPER DISPOSAl.

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HANDLE WITH CAREl CONTAINS HAZARDOUS ORTOXIC ~S

8-5

APPENDIX 1
APPENDIX 1

c

8-6

APPENDIX 1

F020 Wastes (except wastewater and spent carbon from

hydrogen chloride purification) from the production or

manufacturing use (as a reactant, chemical intermediate,

or component in a formulating process) of tri- or tetrachlorophenol or of intermediates used to produce their

pesticide derivatives. (This listing does not include

wastes from the production of hexachlorophene from

highly purified 2,4,5-tricWorophenol.)

F021 Wastes (except wastewater and spent carbon from

hydrogen chloride purification) from the production or

manufacturing use (as a reactant, chemical intermediate,

or component in a formulating process) of

pentachlorophenol, or of intermediates used to produce

derivatives.

F022 Wastes (except wastewater and spent carbon from

hydrogen chloride purification) from the manufacturing

use (as a reactant, chemical intermediate, or component

in a formulating process) of tetra-, penta-, or

hexachlorobenzenes under alkaline conditions.

F023 Wastes (except wastewater and spent carbon from

hydrogen chloride purification) from the production of

materials on equipment previously used for the production or manufacturing use (as a reactant, chemical

intermediate, or component in a formulating process) of

tri- and tetrachlorophenols. (This listing does not

include wastes from equipment used only for the

production or use of hexachlorophene from highly

purified 2,4,5-tricWorophenol.)

F024 Process wastes including, but not limited to,

distillation residues, heavy ends, tars, and reactor cleanout wastes, from the production of certain chlorinated

aliphatic hydrocarbons by free radical catalyzed processes. These chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons are those

having carbon chain lengths ranging from one to and

including five, with varying amounts and positions of

chlorine substitution. (This listing does not include

wastewaters, wastewater treatment sludge, spent

catalysts, and wastes listed in Sections 261.31. or 261.32)

F025 Condensed light ends, spent ftlters and filter aids,

and spent desiccant wastes from the production of

certain chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, by free

radical catalyzed processes. These chlorinated aliphatic

hydrocarbons are those having carbon chain lengths

ranging from one, to and including five, with varying

amounts and positions of chlorine substitution.

F026 Wastes (except wastewater and spent carbon from

hydrogen chloride purification) from the production of

materials on equipment previously used for the manufacturing use (as a reactant, chemical intermediate, or

component in a formulating process) of tetra-, penta-, or

hexachlorobenzene under alkaline conditions.

F027 Discarded unused formulations containing tri-,

tetra-, or pentachlorophenol or discarded unused

formulations containing compounds derived from these

chlorophenols. (This listing does not include formulations containing hexachlorophene synthesized from

prepurified 2,4,5-tricWorophenol as the sole component.)

F028 Residues resulting from the incineration or

thermal treatment of soil contaminated with EPA hazardous waste nos. F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, and

F027.

F032 Wastewaters, process residuals, preservative

drippage, and spent formulations from wood preserving

processes generated at plants that currently use, or have

previously used, chlorophenolic formulations [except

potentially cross-contaminated wastes that have had the

F032 waste code deleted in accordance with Section

261.35 (i.e., the newly promulgated equipment cleaning

or replacement standards), and where the generator

does not not resume or initiate use of chlorophenolic

formulations]. (This listing does not include KOOI

bottom sediment sludge from the treatment of wastewater from wood preserving processes that use creosote

and/or pentachloro-phenol.)

F034 Wastewaters, process residuals, preservative

drippage, and spent formulations from wood preserving

processes generated at plants that use creosote formulations. This listing does not include KOOI bottom

sediment sludge from the treatment of wastewater from

wood preserving processes that use creosote and/or

pentachlorophenol.

F035 Wastewaters, process residuals, preservative

drippage, and spent formulations from wood preserving

processes generated at plants that use inorganic preservatives containing arsenic or chromium. This listing

does not include KOOI bottom sediment sludge from the

treatment of wastewater from wood preserving processes that use creosote and/or pentachloro-phenol.

.:
APPENDIX 1

•

•

•

F037 Petroleum refinery primary oil/water/solids

separation sludge. Any sludge generated from the

gravitational separation of oil/water/solids during the

storage or treatment of process wastewaters and oily

cooling wastewaters from petroleum refineries. Such

sludges include, but are not limited to, those generated

in oil/water/solids separators; tanks and impoundments;

ditches and other conveyances; sumps; and storm water

units receiving dry weather flow. Sludges generated in

storm water units that do not receive dry weather flow,

sludges generated in aggressive biological treatment

units as defined in Section 261.31(b)(2) (including

sludges generated in one or more additional units after

wastewaters have been treated in aggressive biological

treatment units), and KOSI wastes are exempted from

this listing.

F038 Petroleum refinery secondary (emulsified)

oil/water/solids separation sludge. Any sludge and/or

float generated from the physical and/or chemical

separation of oil/water/solids in process wastewaters

and oily cooling wastewaters from petroleum refineries.

Such wastes include, but are not limited to, all sludges

and floats generated in induced air flotation (lAF) units,

tanks and impoundments, and all sludges generated in

DAF units. Sludges generated in stormwater units that

do not receive dry weather flow, sludges generated in

aggressive biological treatment units as defined in

Section 261.3 I(b)(2) (including sludges generated in one

or more additional units after wastewaters have been

treated in aggressive biological treatment units), and

F037, K048, and KOSI wastes are exempted from this

listing.

F039 Leachate resulting from the treatment, storage, or

disposal of wastes classified by more than one waste

code under Subpart D, or from a mixture of wastes

classified under Subparts C and D of this part. (Leachate

resulting from the management of one or more of the

following EPA Hazardous Wastes and no other hazardous

wastes retains its hazardous waste code(s): F020, F021,

F022, F023, F026, F027, and/or F028.)

8-7

APPENDIX 1
CONDITIONALLY EXEMPT HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATOR

INFORMATION FORM

•

q,'" v.'r-

'-' .

•

Please complete the following CEGinformation form to make sure that you are included in future DEQ mailings and

CEG waste collection activities. The completed information forms also will be used to help tailor our technical

assistance program to better meet your specific needs as a CEG.

You are a Conditionally Exempt Generator if, in one calendar month, you:

• Generate 220 pounds or less of hazardous waste, or

• Generate 220 pounds or less of hazardous waste spill cleanup debris, or

• Generate 2.2 pounds or less of acute hazardous waste, or

Accumulate no more than 2,200 pounds of hazardous waste on site.

1. Address offacility where hazardous waste is generated/stored

Name _

Street _

2. Mailing address (if different from above) _

•

City _ Zip _

Ie

3. Contact person for hazardous waste activities

Name Phone

4. Legal owner offacility _

5. Kinds of hazardous waste generated (e.g., paint waste, solvents) _

6. Type of business (e.g., parts manufacturer, printing) _

7. Number of employees at this location ---------------------

8. Have you notified DEQ of hazardous waste activity for this site before?

Yes_No __

If yes, please enter the DEQ/EPA ID number for facility

8-9

INFORMATION FORM
roin HERE'"

FOLD HERE'"

Oregon Department ofEnvironmental Quality

Hazardous and Solid Waste Division

811 S.W. Sixth Avenue

Portland, OR 97204-1390

Attn: CEG Program

Place

Stamp

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811 SW Sixth, Portland, OR 97204-1390

(503) 229-5913, toll-free within Oregon 1-800-452-4011

September 1992

contains rec)'cle~ materials

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