* This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the

doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. The court

generally disfavors the citation of orders and judgments; nevertheless, an order

and judgment may be cited under the terms and conditions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3. 

F I L E D

United States Court of Appeals

Tenth Circuit

NOV 24 1998

PATRICK FISHER

Clerk

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT

PATRICIA ELESPURU, on behalf of

Amber Elespuru,

Plaintiff-Appellant,

v.

DICK SIMON TRUCKING, INC.,

Defendant-Appellee.

No. 98-8012

(D.C. No. 97-CV-110)

(D. Wyo.)

ORDER AND JUDGMENT *

Before PORFILIO, BARRETT, and KELLY , Circuit Judges.

After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined

unanimously to grant the parties’ request for a decision on the briefs without oral

argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(f) and 10th Cir. R. 34.1.9. The case is

therefore ordered submitted without oral argument. 
-2-

Plaintiff appeals the district court’s entry of judgment in defendant’s favor

on her claim that the negligence of a truck driver employed by defendant

contributed to injuries her daughter sustained in a vehicle collision that occurred

in southern Wyoming on February 27, 1997. Plaintiff’s teenage daughter was a

passenger in a vehicle driven by another teenager at 60 to 65 miles per hour under

icy highway conditions. It crashed into the back of defendant’s semi-trailer truck

as the truck slowed and changed lanes to avoid an earlier accident on the

highway. 

Plaintiff maintains that summary judgment was improper because there

exist three disputed issues of fact: (1) whether the truck driver had on his

four-way flashers at the time of the collision, (2) whether the truck driver was in

violation of a federal regulation, 49 C.F.R. § 392.14, requiring that a commercial

motor vehicle not be operated if driving conditions are sufficiently dangerous, and

(3) whether the truck driver’s actions were reasonable.

In this diversity action brought pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1332, we apply the

law of the forum state, Wyoming, “with the objective that the result obtained in

the federal court should be the result that would be reached in [a Wyoming]

court.” Blanke v. Alexander, 152 F.3d 1224, 1228 (10th Cir. 1998) (further

quotation omitted). In applying Wyoming law, we afford no deference to the
-3-

district court’s legal rulings. See Salve Regina College v. Russell, 499 U.S. 225,

238-39 (1991).

We review de novo the district court’s grant of summary judgment, viewing

the record in the light most favorable to the party opposing summary judgment. 

See McKnight v. Kimberly Clark Corp., 149 F.3d 1125, 1128 (10th Cir. 1998). 

Summary judgment is appropriate if there is no genuine issue of material fact and

the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. See Celotex Corp. v.

Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322 (1986); Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c). 

Under Wyoming law, to state a cause of action for negligence, a plaintiff

must demonstrate that the defendant’s conduct was the proximate cause of the

plaintiff’s injuries. See Lane v. Yearsley , 938 P.2d 858, 860 (Wyo. 1997) (listing

four elements of negligence cause of action). Plaintiff has not produced any

evidence to show that the accident or injury must have been the “natural and

probable consequence” of the truck driver’s actions, Century Ready-Mix Co. v.

Campbell County Sch. Dist. , 816 P.2d 795, 802 (Wyo. 1991) (quotation omitted),

and therefore she has failed to demonstrate proximate cause. The facts plaintiff

claims preclude summary judgment are not material because they do not affect the

outcome of the suit. See Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc. , 477 U.S. 242, 248

(1986). Moreover, her evidence is almost entirely subject to conjecture and

speculation. See Downen v. Sinclair Oil Corp. , 887 P.2d 515, 520 (Wyo. 1994). 
-4-

We hold that reasonable minds could not disagree that plaintiff failed to show a

causal connection between defendant’s acts and plaintiff’s injuries, and therefore

summary judgment was proper. See, e.g. , id.

The judgment of the United States District Court for the District of

Wyoming is AFFIRMED. 

Entered for the Court

John C. Porfilio

Circuit Judge