# Impingement Monitoring at

Manchester Street Station

2006

Prepared for

Dominion Energy Manchester Street, Inc. Providence, Rhode Island

by

Normandeau Associates, Inc.

Falmouth, Massachusetts

March 2007

# Table of Contents

Page

Summary 1

Introduction 1

Methods 2

Results

Fish

Annual Impingement 5

High vs Low-pressure Collections 9

Multi-year Impingement Comparisons 11

Impingement rates vs flow and temperature 11

Invertebrates 14

Literature Cited 15

Appendix

Figures Page

1. Aerial photo of the Providence River showing Manchester Street Station and approximate location of high and low-pressure screen-wash return lines. 

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2. Percent of total for numerically dom inant species of fish impinged on the Manchester Street intake screens, 2006. 5

3. Estimated monthly impingement totals for Atlantic menhaden Atlantic herring, winter flounder, Atlantic silverside, white perch, c unner, tautog, and total fish, Manchester Street Station, 2006. Solid lin es indicate the percent of total taken each month for 1992, 1993, 1996-2005 pooled. 20-21

4. Length-frequency data for Atlantic menhade n (a), winter flounder January-April (b), May-August (c), and September-December (d) impinged on the Manchester Street intake screens, 2006. 22

5. Length-frequency data for Atlantic herring (a), silver hake (b), white perch (c), and Atlantic tomcod (d) impinged on the Ma nchester Street intake screens, 2006. 23

# Figures (continued) Page

6. Percent of the annual tota l collected in high and low-pr essure fish return lines for numerically dominant fish plus "all others", 2006. 24

7. Range and mean percent of total number of fish impinged at Manchester Street Station whichwere found in the low-pressure return line for selected nu merically dominant fish, 1996-2006. 24

8. Percent of total number of fish collected at Manchester Street Station which were found in the low pressure return lin e for selected numerically dominant fish, 1996-2006. 25-26

9. Percent of total collected in the Manche ster Street Station low-pressure return line by month for Atlantic menhaden (top) and Atlantic silverside, 2006. Bars indicate percent by month for pooled collections from 1995-2005. 27

10. Percent of total collected in the Manchester Street St ation low-pressure return line by month for winter flounder (top) and tautog, 2006. Bars indicate percent by month for pooled collections from 1995-2005. 28

11. Estimated annual totals for 19 species of fish plus total fish impinged on the

Manchester Street intake scr eens, 1975-2006 (1980, 1994, 1995 excluded). The geometric mean over the 1975-1993, 1996-2005 time series is shown by a horizontal line in each case. 29-33

12. Relationship between numbers of fish impinged (ln) and flow (top) and water temperature, all species combin ed, Manchester Street Station, 2006. 34

13. Relationship between numbers of fish impinged (ln) and station intake flow (top) and numbers of fish impi nged (ln) and water temperature, all species combined, Manchest er Street Station, 1992-2006. 35

14. Annual totals for four numerically do minant species of macroinvertebrates,

Manchester Street inta ke screens, 1992, 1993, 1996-2006. 36

# Normandeau Associates, Inc. Tables

Page 1. Total estimated numbers impinged by species, Manchester Street Station, 2006. Standard scores for 2005, comparable totals for 1992 through 2005 as well as the long-term mean (1975-1993, 1996-2005) are also shown (see footnotes). 37

2. Estimated numbers of fish impinge d on the Manchester Street intake screens by species and month, January-December 2006. 38-39

3. Mean numbers of fish impinged per million gallons of through-plant flow, Manchester Street St ation, January-December 2006. 40

4. Total estimated monthly catch fo r numerically dominant finfish and ‘all others’ partitioned by low and high-pressure wash systems, Manchester Street Station, January-December 2006. 41

5. Estimated numbers of fish impinge d on the Manchester Street Station revolving screens January-December by species, 1975-2006 (1980 excluded). 42-45

6. Correlation coefficients between numb ers of fish (all species) impinged

at Manchester Street Station in 24-hour periods, water temperature and intake flow, 1992-2006. 46-47

7. Estimated numbers of invertebrate s impinged on the Manchester Street intake screens by species and m onth, 1992-2006. New screen and wash system installed October 1994-mid-July 1995. No data available for that period. 48-57

Appendix

1. Hydrographic and operational data reco rded at Manchester Street Station January-December 2006.

# 3 Normandeau Associates, Inc. Summary

Impingement sampling at Manchester Street Station in 2006 cove red the eleventh full year of station operation since th e facility was repowered and the intake screens and wash system were modified to include low-pressure sprays, Ristroph screens, and a fish-return system. Collections were completed weekly year-round, with each sample typically consisting of one 24- hour continuous screenwash period. A total of 43 species was represented in the 2006 catch. Atlantic menhaden, white perch and winter flou nder accounted for 92% of the number of fish impinged. Numbers of fish collected in the high and low-pressure return systems were enumerated separately to examine system efficiency. Consistent with 1995 through 2005 results, collections clearly showed that the majority of impinged fish were returned to the Providence River via the low-pressure wash system and were therefore not subjected to the high-pressure sprays required to effectively remove impinged debris.

The overall 2006 total of 97,782 impinged fis h, ranked tenth highest over the 30-year

time series. The 2006 totals for impinged Atlantic menhaden ranked fourth highest over the 30- year. Pooling data for the 1995-2006 time-period suggested that 48% of the variation in numbers impinged could be explained by seasonal changes in water temperature. Clearly, the major variations in numbers impinged remain unexplained and may perh aps be attributed to random

and non-random movements of individual fish and fish schools coupled with natural seasonality and variation in population size. Collections of m acro-invertebrates at Manc hester Street in 2006 were dominated by blue crab (n = 4,877) and se ven-spine bay shrimp (n = 4,834). Annual totals for these species have been highly variable over the eleven complete sampling years.

Introduction

Impingement sampling at Manchester Street Station has been c onducted since 1975 with the exception of 1980 when an impingement survival study was co mpleted. Currently impingement sampling represents one phase of a biological monitoring program, which includes phytoplankton, periphyton, zooplankton, and ichthyopl ankton sampling as required by RIPDES Permit No. RI0000434. The expanded study progr am resulted from the repowering of Manchester Street Station, which was comp leted in 1995. During the October 1994 through mid-July 1995 period the intake screens were replaced with new, continuously-operating Ristroph-type screens including high and low-pressure wash systems with separate return lines. The low-pressure return line, c onsisting of 12-inch reinforced fi berglass pipe, transports fish

from the screen house to the hurricane barrier en trance. The high-pressure wash line traverses

the intake channel to return impinged organisms to the ri ver above the hurricane barrier.

This report summarizes results of finfish and macro-invertebrate sampling from January through December 2006, the eleventh complete year with the new intake screen system. Where appropriate, attention is focuse d on the Representative Important Species (RIS) covered in the 316 Demonstration for the repowering project (NEC and NEP 1990) including conversion to equivalent adults in cases where young fish were impinged. The RIS are listed below.

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. Alewife/blueback herrin g Atlantic silverside Atlantic menhaden Striped bass Atlantic herring Black sea bass Bay anchovy Weakfish Rainbow smelt Tautog

Silver hake Winter flounder Mummichog

Methods

Impingement sampling was conducted following the regime begun in April 1992 1 

# . One 24-hour collection was completed weekly by dire cting high and low-pressure wash waters (Figure 1) to separate 4 ft x 4 ft partially subm erged holding pens. The intake system consists of five circulating water pumps each with trash rack s and a traveling screen in front. Any time a pump is in operation, its traveling screen opera tes continuously. Afte r a minimum of 24 hours the pens were hauled and the catc h processed. There were five occasions when sample times for both the low-pressure and high-pressure wash co llections were less than 24 hours due to heavy loads of mussels, tunicates and debris. On two additional occasions there was no samplecollected for the low-pressure system. On November 9, the debris load was so heavy the lowpressure net was weighed down a nd moved out of the discharge stream, and on November 16 the debris load was so heavy the net was lost during retrieval.

All fish were identified to the lowest taxon possible, counted, and measured to the nearest millimeter in total length (TL). With larg e collections, a minimum of 25 individuals was measured. Invertebrates large e nough to be regularly impinged on the 3/8-inch intake screens

were also identified and counted. Numbers of fish and inverteb rates impinged per 24 hours were determined from the sampling interval; an extrapolated total was then obtained for the week by multiplying by seven. Estimated weekly totals were summed to provide monthly and annual totals. Hours of operation for each circulating water pump were obtained from the station log and used to estimate numbers impinged per mill ion gallons (MG) of water circulated by the plant.

Where appropriate for representative impor tant species the equivalent adult (EA) procedure was conducted to convert the numbers of young fish impinged to older individuals using survival values obtained from the literatu re. This allowed potential impingement losses to be equated to marketable and/or spawning-age fish which in turn can be compared with landings or spawning stock biomass where those data are available. Adjustments were made where possible to account for impingement survival. Assessment of impingement survival was completed at Manchester Street in early 1997 (MRI 1997). Since num bers of fish potentially lost to impingement were relatively low following the EA procedure, no effort was made to compare them with landings or stock size data in this report. Impingement losses are assessed in

1 

# Prior to April 1992, collections were made by alternately ro tating one or two of the five screens at one time through a complete revolution and removing any im pinged fish by hand from the front face of the screens. Screens were typically washed every eight hours, the weekly sampling generally occurring 3-4 hours after a 0700 wash.

# 3 Normandeau Associates, Inc. conjunction with entrainment losses in the Ichthyoplankton Entrainment Monitoring at

Manchester Street re port (see NAI 2007).

Before and after each 24-hour impingeme nt sampling period hydrographic measurements

were taken in the Manchester Street intake us ing a YSI 600XL. Meas urements taken at the surface and 3-ft depth intervals to bottom in cluded water temperatur e (±0.1 C), salinity (±0.1 ‰), pH (±0.1), and dissolved oxygen (±0.1 mg/l).

Hydrographic instruments were calibrated weekly using stan dard buffer solutions of pH 7.0, and 10.0 for pH, a KCl solutio n of 0.42 N for conductivity, and the atmosphere for dissolved oxygen. Although factory set, temperature was ch ecked with a certified thermometer and the data adjusted as required.

# 4 Normandeau Associates, Inc. North Discharge

South Discharge High Pressure Fish Return

Low Pressure Fish Return Manchester

Street Station

Intake

gate Intake Canal



# Figure 1. Aerial photo of the Providence Rive r showing Manchester Street Station and

a pp roximate location of hi g h and low- p ressure scree n -wash return lines.

# 5 Normandeau Associates, Inc. Results

Fish

Annual Impingement

A total of 43 fish species were record ed in the 2006 Manchester Street Station impingement collections. Atlantic menhaden ( Brevoortia tyrannus ), white perch ( Morone

americana ), and winter flounder ( Pseudopleuronectes americanus ), accounted for 92, 3 and 2%, respectively, of the number of fish impinged (Figure 2).



# Manchester Street Screens

Fish Impingement 2006

Atlantic Menhaden 91.7%

White Perch 2.7% Winter Flounder 2.1%

40 Remaining species 3.5%



# Figure 2. Percent of total for numerically dominant species of fish impinged on the Manchester Street intake screens, 2006

Atlantic menhaden dominated the 2006 catch with an estimated annual impingement total of 89,663 fish (Table 1). They were only absent from collections in June and July (Figure 3, Table 2). Collections in Augus t 2006 alone accounted for 88% of the annua l total of menhaden impinged, yielding an impingement rate of 106 fish per hour for the month, which is equivalent to nine fish per million gallons of through-plant flow (Table 3) . Over the year , total lengths ranged from 35 to 390 mm with a mean of 111 mm [standard erro r (s.e.) = 7.7, n = 192; Figure 4a]. Individuals less than 100 mm in length, repr esenting 87% of the total, were assumed to be

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. young-of-the-year; those greater th an or equal to 100 and less than 190, representing 4%, were assumed to be age 1, and those greater than 190 were assumed to age 2 +, accounting for 9%.

Numbers of young menhaden impinged were conv erted to equivalent age-2 fish, the age at which they enter the Narraga nsett Bay fishery (Dur bin et al. 1983). Th e Atlantic States

Marine Fisheries Commission (ASMFC 2004) provided an es timated annual instantaneous natural mortality rate (M) of 4.3 for young-of-the -year or age-0 fish and 0.98 for age-1 fish. Since the age-0 fish were impinged at various times during the year M = 4.3 was divided by 12 to estimate a monthly mortality rate. The mont hly rate was applied for the number of months remaining between the time a young fish was impinged and its next birthday, which was assumed to be June 1. Assuming no fishing mortal ity (F) prior to age 2 so that Z or total
instantaneous mortality = M, the natural mortal ity rate, an annual survival rate of 37.5% ( 

# s = e -z 

# ) was applied to the equivalent age-1 impingement total plus any age-1 fish impinged to estimate numbers of age-2 fish. Results of the post-im pingement survival study (MRI 1997) confirmed that menhaden are impingement sensitive (see for example Tatham et al. 1978), an average of only 1.9% surviving 48-hour holding periods at Ma nchester Street Station. With such a low survival rate no further adjustment was made to the numbers impinged. The potential loss of an estimated 78,261 age 0, and 3,628 age 1 menhaden in 2006 plus the 7,775 age 2+ fish impinged would be equivalent to the loss of 8,472 age-2 fish to the local fishery. A ssuming a weight of 0.6 pound for age-2 fish (ASMFC 2004), 8,472 menhaden would weigh 5,083 pounds.

White perch ranked second with an estimat ed annual total of 2,651 fish. They were present throughout the year. Marc h collections with an estimated total of 1,048 fish accounted for 40% of the annual total (Figure 3, Table 2). White perch ranged in total length from 62 to 410 mm, averaging 114 mm (s.e. = 3 .0, n = 196). Following information presented by Clayton et al. (1978), length-frequency data indicated that about 92% of the fish impinged were approaching the end of their firs t year (less than 150 mm), 4% we re age 2 (up to 200 mm), and 4% were age 3+ (greater than 200; Figure 4c).

Male white perch mature at age 2 and fe males mature at age 4 (Mansueti 1961, Busch and Heinrich 1982, Klauda et al. 1988). Assumi ng an equal sex ratio, numbers impinged were converted to those two respective age classes wi th an annual mortality rate of 55% (Mansueti 1961, Wallace 1971, Klauda et al. 1988). The post-im pingement survival study indicated that 25% of the white perch returned to the Providence River by the lo w-pressure fish return system survive following 48-hour holding pe riods. A slightly higher rate of 33% was recorded for the high-pressure system but the sample size was too sm all to be reliable (n = 9); therefore 25% was used in this analysis. Based on these values a tota l of 578 white perch of reproductive age were estimated to have been lost to impingement in 2004.

Winter flounder ranked third with an annual estimated impingement total of 2,088 fish, accounting for 2% of the year’s fish total. While flounder were impinged throughout the year but numbers were greatest in August (422 fish), that month accounting for 20% of the species’ total (Figure 3, Table 2). Following length-at-a ge data from Howell et al. (1992), Gibson (1993a), and Witherell and Burnett (1993), the vast majority of fish were immature (Figure 4). In August, when flounder were most numerous in impingement collections, age-0 fish, those less than 90 mm, accounted for all flounder collected. Partitioning the year’s catch into age classes

# 7 Normandeau Associates, Inc. based on length, 62% of the total was classified as age 0, 31% as age 1, 6% age 2 and 1% age 3 (Figure 4).

Results of the post-impingement survival study (MRI 1997) indicate d that latent youngof-the-year winter flounder survival is 95% among individuals returned to the river via the lowpressure system, 92% among those subjected to the high-pressure system . Only 10% of the flounder collected during the surviv al study were age-1 and age-2 fish (n = 54); while sample size was small, a 100% latent survival rate was recorded. Conservatively applying survival rates

of 95 and 92% to all flounder estimated to have been returned to the river by the low (1,562) and high-pressure systems (519), respectively, pr ovided an estimated 2006 loss of 120 fish.

Annual survival rates for winter flounder of 0.054% fo r age 0, 0.2996% for age 1, and 0.4035% for age 2 were applied to the impingement totals to estimate the equivalent number of adult fish (age 3) potentially lo st to the local populat ion. Age 3 corresponds to the age at which both 50% of the population reaches reproductive matu rity and recruitment to the fishery occurs (Gibson 1989a; NOAA 1998). Survival rates for ag e 0, 1 and 2 individuals were derived by averaging values reported by Gibson (1993b) and Ro se et al. (1996). Since annual survival rates are for the entire life stage, assuming an April 1 birthday, survival rates were generated for each month. All age-0 fish were aged to their first April birthday using monthly survival data and then annual rates were applied for all fish until age 3. Based on these data, the 2006 impingement total adjusted for impingement surv ival would be equivalent to 28 age-3 fish.

Twelve species from the RIS list were not among the numerical dominants in the 2006 impingement collections. These included tautog ( Tautoga onitis ), silver hake ( Merluccius

bilinearis ), alewife ( Alosa pseudoharengus ), Atlantic silverside ( Menidia menidia ), blueback herring ( Alosa aestivalis ), striped bass ( Morone saxatilis ), bay anchovy ( Anchoa mitchilli ), mummichog ( Fundulus heteroclitus ), Atlantic herring ( Clupea harengus ), weakfish ( Cynoscion regalis ), rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax ) and black sea bass ( Centropristis striata ). Each of these species except rainbow sme lt and black sea bass were repr esented in the 2006 collections although there were only three blueback herr ing, three striped bass, two bay anchovy, two mummichogs, two Atlantic herri ng and one weakfish collected. These fish provided estimated annual impingement totals of 18, 18, 14, 14, 12, a nd 7, respectively. The bl ueback herring were age-1 fish, impinged in April and ranged be tween 82 and 115 mm. The striped bass were impinged in February, March and May. They ranged from 345 to 530 mm in total length suggesting they were age-3+ fish (s ee for example Setzler et al. 1980).

Tautog were impinged in all months except November with an estimated annual impingement total of 663 fish. The largest monthl y collections were obta ined in May and June providing estimated totals of 175 and 134 fish, respectivel y (Figure 3). Total length measurements indicated that fish ranged from 52 to 320 mm with an average length of 142 mm (s.e. = 7.9, n = 80). Following Cooper (1967) w ho studied tautog from Rhode Island waters, individuals (male and female lengths averaged ) reach 62 mm TL at age 1, 131 mm at age 2, 197 mm at age 3, 244 mm at age 4, and 287 mm at age 5. Based on Cooper’s data the numbers of tautog impinged at Manchester St reet were assumed to be distributed as follows: age 0 - 7%, age 1 - 48%, age 2 - 25%, age 3 - 8%, age 4 - 10%, and age 5 - <1%. Tautog were not well represented during the impingement survival st udy completed in early 1997 (n = 12). Within

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. that small sample, survival was 100% following 48-hour holding periods. To be conservative, only half the tautog impinged was assumed to ha ve survived once returned to the river.

Utilizing otter trawl age-frequency data from Cooper (1967) an annual survival rate of 0.83527 was calculated for tautog for ages 5 th rough 22. Although Cooper presented data for ages 1 through 4, there is good ev idence that these younger age classe s are not as susceptible to capture as older fish. This is based on the size of younger fish relative to otter trawl mesh sizes and the greater movement observed among older fi sh in comparison to younger fish, which tend to remain near the home site (Olla et al. 1974). In the absence of more re liable data, the survival rate for ages 5-22 was applied to ages 1-4 as well. The estimat ed annual survival rate of 0.83527 was applied in succession to each age group to estimate the number of age-3 and age-6 tautog which might have resulted had impingement lo sses not occurred. These ages were selected because tautog mature at about age 3 (Chenow eth 1963, Hostetter and Munroe 1993) and enter the sport fishery at about age 6. These conversi ons result in a potentia l estimated loss of 193 age-3 or 158 age-6 fish.

Silver hake were impinged from January through March and in December producing an estimated annual impingement total of 160 fish. They were impinged primarily in January (100 fish; Table 2). Individuals ra nged from 72 to 130 mm in length w ith a mean of 97 mm (s.e. = 3.0, n = 24). Referring to information provid ed by Almeida (1987) a nd Helser (1996), fish around 100 mm TL impinged in winter were probably n earing the end of their first year. Silver hake between 100 and 150 mm were age-2 fish. S ilver hake at age 2 enter the commercial fishery and 50% of those are mature (Almei da and Anderson 1978, NOAA 1998). Based on this, the number of juveniles potentially lost to impinge ment was converted to a number of equivalent age-2 fish. An annual survival rate of 0.67 obtained from Almeida and Anderson (1978) and Helser et al. (1996) produced an estimated loss of 121 age-2 fis h. Since only five silver hake were taken during the impingement survival st udy and each one either died or was injured following 48-hour holding periods, all impinged silv er hake were assumed to have died shortly after being returned to the river.

Alewives were impinged in January, March, April, July, August and December with an estimated annual impingement to tal of 115 fish. Individuals impinged ranged from 66 to 160 mm in length (mean = 99 mm, s.e. = 5.8, n = 22) . Following Clayton et al. (1978), small alewives (less than 150 mm) im pinged would be age-0 fish. Young fish were equated to the number of reproductive age fish that might ha ve survived had impingement not occurred.

Estimates of annual survival rate s between the time they migrate from natural river systems (age 0) and age 3 when they begin to return to spawn were obtained from data provided by Cole et al. (1978) and Gibson (1989b). The pr oportion of the number of age-3 fi sh returning to the Parker River system in Massachusetts in 1978 to the number of age-0 fish leaving the same system three years earlier was approximately 0.05. From these data, an annual survival rate of 37% was obtained. Working with the Gilb ert Stuart Brook alewife run in North Kingstown, Rhode Island, Gibson (1989b) estimated an annual survival rate of 38.2% for later year classes. Because the estimates based on Cole et al. (1978) and Gibs on (1989b) were remarkably similar, these estimates were averaged (mean = 37.6%). This su rvival rate was applied successively beginning at age 1 for all fish collected to obtain an es timate of 19 age-3 alewives potentially lost to impingement effects during the year. Only nine river herring were collected during the

# 9 Normandeau Associates, Inc. impingement survival study and each of those i ndividuals died during the holding period (MRI 1997). Therefore alewives and blueback were assumed to experience 100% mortality as a result of impingement.

Atlantic silversides were impinged in January, August, October and November yielding an estimated total of 52 fish (Figure 3). Two length frequencies (January–June and JulyDecember) were generated to determine what year classes were represented in the catch. Total length-frequency data indicated that silversides taken in 2006 were primarily members of the 2005 year class (Conover 1979; Figure 6a, 6b). Young-of-the-year fish under 50-mm total length are rarely impinged but, because they fit through the intake screens, are susceptible to entrainment. Results from the impingement surviv al study completed at Ma nchester Street (MRI 1997) suggested that latent survival rates of 28% and 17% we re obtained for the low-pressure and high-pressure return lines, respectively. Th ese data assume no sub-lethal impingement effects occurred after fish returned to the river, such as increased loss from predation or declines in feeding and growth rates leading to greater overall mortality rates.

Atlantic silversides mature at age 1 and spawn from late April through June (Conover and Kynard 1984). Over the course of their first (and typi cally only) winter, mo rtality can reach 99% (Conover 1979). Many of those rema ining in the spring die duri ng the spawning season (Bayliff 1950, Conover and Ross 1982). Based on these da ta equivalent adults resulting from impingement losses were calculated as follows: Half the fish collected during January was assumed to survive to the beginning of th e April 1 spawning season had impingement not occurred. All fish impinged in August were assumed to be ad ults and fish impinged from September through December were assumed to surv ive late fall and wint er at a rate of 25%. These rates are considered conservative particular ly for the small number of adults that survive until the fall of their second y ear since they are unlikely to survive to spawn a second time. These assumed rates were applied to the numb er impinged each month after adjusting for impingement survival. Applying th ese survival rates to the 20 s ilversides returned via the lowpressure line and 32 returned via the high-pre ssure line would reduce the potential estimated 2006 losses to 19 equivalent adult fish.

High vs Low-Pressure Collections

When repowered, the Manchester Street Station intake screens were fitted with separate high and low-pressure fish removal and return systems to maximize impingement survival. The impingement survival study comple ted early in 1997 indicated that, in most cases, fish returned to the river via the low-pressure system had a hi gher probability of survival than those returned via the high- pressure system (MRI 1997).

Numbers of fish collected in the high a nd low-pressure return systems in 2006 were enumerated separately to examine system effici ency. Extrapolated totals by sampling location

were examined on an annual basis for the 2006 numerical dominants and all others pooled (Figure 6, Table 4). Annual low-pressure return efficiency results are included for those species common enough during the eleven complete year s following repowering (1996-2006) to make comparisons (Figure 7). Percent removal by the low-pressure system was also examined on a

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. monthly basis for Atlantic herring, winter flou nder, Atlantic silversi de, tautog, and Atlantic menhaden. These species were co llected often enough over the course of the year to provide at least three separate monthly values (Figures 8 and 9). For each of these species collections were pooled from the 1995-2006 seasons to provide info rmation on past results. Data from July through December 1995 were included since the new screen wash system wa s operational at that time. Monthly percentages based on estimated ex trapolated totals of less than 110 fish were omitted from these figures since those values represent small, actual sample sizes of less than 15

fish.

Consistent with the late half of July 1995 through 2005 results ( NAI 2006), collections clearly showed that the majority of impinged fish were returned to the Providence River via the low-pressure wash system and were therefore no t subjected to the high-pressure sprays required to effectively remove impinged debris ( Figures 6, 7 ) . Annual 2006 low-pressure return rates were highest for cunner and tautog (93%) followed by white perch (86%). The system was least

efficient overall for Atlantic me nhaden (46%). For all other sp ecies, a combined rate of 70% was recorded. Comparing low-pressure effi ciency for 1996-2006, the eleven complete years available, for species collected regularly the time series show s percentages to be generally consistent with a range between 55 and 97% (Fi gure 8). Eight exceptions were observed. The 1998, 2005 and 2006 values for menhaden (38, 51 a nd 46%, respectively) appear low compared to 1996 to 2004 values, and the 1999 and 2001 values for northern pipefish, ( Sygnathus fuscus ; 34 and 30%, respectively) were low compared to its 1996-2004 efficiency percentages (2002

thru 2005 numbers of fish collected were too fe w to evaluate wash efficiency). The 2002, 2003 and 2004 values for Atlantic silverside (20, 30 and 47 %, respectively ) appear to be low compared to the other 1996 to 2001 values. Las tly, the 2005 values for winter flounder (46%) were lowest compared to the 1996 to 2006 values. No clear explanation is apparent for the lower than expected values although some previous colle ctions have coincided with large numbers of leaves and trash with which these fish may have become entangled. Entanglement of fish in aquatic vegetation was believed to reduce low-pressure wash efficiency at the waste energy (RESCO) facility in Saugus, MA (MRI 1988).

The monthly low-pressure efficiency valu es, where sufficient numbers of fish were impinged (extrapolated totals grea ter than 110), indicated that 2006 values were consistent with previous monthly estimates. Menhaden values for five months ranged from 0% (November) to 99% (September). Low-pressure efficiency values for menhaden appeared low relative to previous seasons with the excepti on of September (Figure 9). Th e low efficiency for November was probably an anomaly due to problems caused by high debris loading during the month (see methods). Winter flounder values for eight m onths ranged from 63% (June) to 91% October). June and July were the only months to have belo w average low-pressure return efficiency values in 2006 compared with the pooled data from 1995-2005 (Figure 10). Tautog were caught in sufficient numbers in May and June (96 and 100%, respectively) to assess the monthly lowpressure efficiency. Both values exc eeded the pooled data set (Figure10).

# 11 Normandeau Associates, Inc. Multi-year Impingement Comparisons

The number of species represented in the cat ch in 2006 (43) ranked fifth out of 29 years and exceeded the long term mean of 31 species dating back to 1975 2



# .

Impingement totals by species for 2006 were compared with past data sets. Since repowering, there does not appe ar to be any apparent tre nds in RIS abundance based on impingement collections. Totals for 2006 as well as 1992 through 2005 are tabulated together with the geometric mean for the 1975 through 1993, 1996-2005 time series (Table 1). The 1992 through 2006 sample years are tabulated together because the sampling regime changed in 1992 (see Methods). Annual totals for 1975 through 2006 appear in Ta ble 5 with the exception of 1980 when an impingement survival study repl aced the regular abundance program. Although shown, totals for 1994 and 1995 represent only a por tion of the year beca use the screens were replaced between October 1994 and mid-July 1 995. Estimated annual impingement values for 19 selected species plus all sp ecies combined are presented in Figure 11 (1994 and 1995 were omitted here). The list of 19 includes the typica l numerical dominants pl us any RIS which have been numerically import ant in past years regardless of their rank in 2006. To facilitate comparison of 2006 values with past years, standard normal scores or standard deviates (also referred to as Z scores) were computed for each species. Standard scores express the degree of departure from the long-term mean in terms of th e standard deviation (s ee for example Zar 1974, Chase and Brown 1992, Sokal and Rohlf 1995). Since the 29 annual totals (1975-1993, 1996- 2004, 1980 excluded) for any given species do not conform to the normal distribution in most cases because of occasional high values, totals were first log-transformed ln (x + 1). Spot checks (Ryan and Joiner 1976) confirmed that this pro cedure normalized each species' data set except for rarely encountered species, i.e. where many years contained zeros (Tab le 5); in these cases

the standard scores are rec ognized as somewhat biased.

The annual fish impingement total for all species for 2006 was 97,782, ranking tenth over the 29-year time series (Figure 11). Reviewing individual sp ecies totals, those impinged in particularly high numbers in 2006 (positive standa rd scores) compared to past years included white perch, cunner, Atlantic menhaden and taut og. The 2006 totals for white perch ranked first, cunner fourth, menhaden sixth and tautog twelfth over the 29-years (Figure 11, Table 5). Winter flounder were impinged in relativel y low numbers in 2006 ranking 23 rd 

# (2,088 fish, 50% of their long term mean of 5,192 fish, Figure 11).

Impingement Rates versus Flow and Temperature

For each year from 1992 to 2006 total numbers of fish impinged each week were compared with intake water temperature (mid -depth readings) and through-plant flow rates (Appendix Table 1) to determine if any relationship can be detect ed among these variables. Both temperature and flow have been shown to infl uence fish impingement rates at other power

station intake structures (see for example Grimes 1975, Lifton and Storr 1978, Turnpenny 1983, Harmon et al. 1999). At higher inta ke velocities, fish are more likely to drift onto the screens and once there, greater water pressure or intake velocities will make it more difficult to swim

2 

# construction-shortened 1994 and 1995 seasons were excluded from the mean.

# 12 Normandeau Associates, Inc

. away, particularly if a fish or ients perpendicular to the flow at any point. Impingement often increases with declining water temperatures, presumably as a direct result of declining metabolic activity. Fish also move to deeper water in wi nter to escape cold surface waters while intake velocity at the face of the sc reens often increases with dept h because the pump intakes are

located near bottom.

Since repowering in 1995, th e water temperature and numb ers of fish impinged were significantly correlated in only 4 out of the past 12 years. Numbers of fish were first logtransformed before Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were calculated. Since some annual data sets deviated from normality even following ln transformation, nonparametric Spearman’s Rank correlation coefficients (r

s 

# ) were also calculated (Table 6). A statistically significant negative correlation with water temperature was found in 1992, 1993, and 1997 indicating that numbers of fish impinged increased with declining temper atures. The relationship was strongest in 1992 before the intake screens were upgraded (r = - 0.695, probability, p < 0.001). That season 48% of the variation in numbers impinged could be e xplained by water temp erature. The inverse relationship between numbers impinged and wate r temperature during those years supports the postulate that fish are more susceptible to im pingement during cold-water months when their metabolism, reaction time, and swimming ability ar e at a minimum. High impingement totals for August 2006 were inconsistent with the cold water pattern since the high impingement rate was due to a large River population of menhaden.

The 1998, 1999, and 2001 data se ts contrasted with 1992, 1993, and 1997 in that numbers impinged and water temperature were positively correlated. The positive relationship between water temperature and numbers impinged during t hose years may be attributable to strong positive correlations between temperature and flow; r = 0.755, p = 0.001 in 1998, r = 0.426, p = 0.002 in 1999, and r = 0.308, p = 0.026 in 2001. Hi ghest mean monthly flow rates in 1998, 1999, and 2001 occurred in July, August, and Septembe r, the warmest time of year. Variation in intake flow with season of the year reflects to some extent regional power requirements and these are not consistent from year to year perh aps due to weather patterns. In years preceding 1998 either no statistically signi ficant correlation between flow and temperature (1994, 1996) was found or the relationship was inverse (1 993, 1995, 1997), intake fl ow averaging higher during winter. It is also notable that juvenile Atlantic menhaden contributed a high percentage of the impingement catch from 1999 to 2006. These fi sh are most abundant inshore during summer and early fall when water temperat ures are near their seasonal highs.

Statistically significant correlations with intake flow were observed in seven of the fifteen years examined - 1992, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 and 2001. In each case the relationship was positive suggesting th at impingement increases with increasing fl ow. The 1994 data set presented the strongest case (r = 0.596, p = 0.001) , 36% of the variation in number impinged being explained by intake flow. In 2006 there was no apparent correlatio n between ln flow and ln fish (r = 0.187, p = 0.184). Since neither the ln transformed number of fish impinged nor ln transformed station flow were normally distribute d, the straight correlation coefficient should be viewed with caution. As Figure 12 displays, four flow regimes predominated during the year,

three of the four with a wide ra nge of impingement rates. While the remaining data show little relationship over the range of flows at which the plant operated, the indication is that impingement drops off at low flow.

# 13 Normandeau Associates, Inc. Year 2002 proved to be only the third, with the exception of the short 1995 season and 2000, in which neither water temp erature (r = 0.240 p = 0.086) nor flow (r = -0.096, p = 0.499) were statistically correlated with numbers of fish impinged, incons istent with previous years. The first time no correlation appeared was in 2000. The absence of a relati onship with flow in 2000 and 2002 was likely due, at least in part, to lim ited range in flow. Over the course of the respective years 69% and 48% of the impingement samples were collected under the same circulating water flow rate (10.8 million gallons pe r hour). Reasons for lack of correlation with temperature during those two years are not readily apparent but si milar results were obtained in 1994, 1996, and 2000 as well.

Data sets from 1995 through 2006 were pooled to encompass years following replacement of the intake screens with high and lo w pressure spray headers, Ristroph-type screen panels, and continuous operation. With the pooled data set numbers of fish impinged were positively but very weakly correlated with wa ter temperature (r = 0.106, p = 0.01; Figure 12). However, regression analysis indicated that only 2% of the variation in numbers impinged from 1995 - 2006 could be explained by water te mperature. The pooled data set (R

s 

# = 0.026, p = 0.531), like the 2006 data, was not normally distri buted and the Spearman ra nk coefficients were not statistically significant. Th e amount of variation in the data is remarkable and reflected in

the low correlation coefficients.

Results of the individual annual analyses as well as the multi-year view indicate that

much of the variation in number s of fish impinged remains unexpl ained. Likely, other sources

include random and non-random movements of i ndividual fish and fish schools coupled with natural cycles of seasonal activit y and variations in population size. Fish move in and out of the intake canal as they forage for food and likely encounter the intake screens as they do so. Other

individuals no doubt encounter the face of the screens unintentionally as they seek to evade predators. In some locations strong winds asso ciated with significant st orm events have been associated with high rates of impingement (N USCO 1987, NAI 1996). No wind effect has been

noted at the Manchester Street in take, perhaps because it is well protected from all but southerly

winds.

The large numbers of young-of-the-year me nhaden impinged in late summer 1999 to 2006 extending into the fall and wi nter of those years reflect to a certain extent the timing between the presence of strong y ear classes of fish susceptible to impingement and high seasonal intake flow rates. Menhaden travel in very dense schools and are often attracted both to intake and discharge currents. Once the schools arrive, ther e appears to be a slight observable pattern to numbers impinged. Their abundance in recent years could account for the small amount of explained variation in numbers impi nged within discrete ye ars as well as the pooled data set. To explore this possibility further correlation coeffi cients were recalculated individually for 1999 through 2006 after removing menhaden from the data sets. In each case, no relationship was apparent between numbers impinged a nd temperature or flow (Table 6).

# 14 Normandeau Associates, Inc

. Invertebrates

Macroinvertebrates impinged on the Manche ster Street intake screens in 2006 are tabulated by month in Table 7. For compar ison, monthly estimated totals for 1992 through 2005 are included since they are the only years durin g which invertebrates were enumerated from impingement collections. Numerical do minants in 2006 included blue crabs ( Callinectes sapidus – 4,877 animals), seven-spine bay shrimp ( Crangon septemspinosa – 4,834 animals), and green crabs ( Carcinus maenas – 596 animals). These three sp ecies accounted for 46, 45, and 6%, respectively, of the year’s invertebrate total. Blue crabs were impinged from April to December and were most abundant in August. Seven-spin e bay shrimp were impinged from January to March. The majority of blue crab s (68%) were returned to the ri ver via the low-pressure system in 2006, while only 19% of the seven-spine bay shrimp were removed by the low-pressure system. Green crabs were sampled in all months except March, and August to September. Lady crabs were only present in samples from January, August, October and December.

Impingement of invertebrates has been highl y variable over the tw elve complete years and two incomplete years for which data are av ailable (Figure 14). Blue crabs were uncommon in 1992 (37 total), 1993 (70) and 2004 (83), relatively abundant in 1996 (9,098) and 1998 (8,117), and most abundant in 1999, 2000, and 2001 (15,384, 17,818, 15,110, respectively).

Blue crab abundance increased in 2006 for the second year in a row. Bay shrimp followed a similar pattern but declined after 1996 (42,708 animals) until 1998 (7,691 animals), and then increased in 1999 and 2000 (18,673 and 671,977, respect ively). Bay shrimp, after being absent

from the 2002 collections and re latively low in 2003 (282), were moderately abundant in 2005 and 2006 (5,695 and 4,834, respectively). Green crabs ( Carcinus maenas ) were absent from the 1992, 1993 and 2003 collections, appeared in increasing numbers in the shortened 1994 (five in nine months) and 1995 seasons (3,413 in six m onths), and were relatively abundant in 1997 (5,505) and 1998 (5,456). Green crab abundance increased in 2005 and 2006 (277 and 596, respectively) relative to the 2000 – 2004 period wh en numbers ranged from 53 in 2000 to zero in 2003. Lady crab numbers varied with no apparent trend.

# 15 Normandeau Associates, Inc. Literature Cited

Ahrenholz, D.W., W.R. Nelson, and S.P. Eperly. 1987. Population and fishery characteristics of Atlantic menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus . Fishery Bulletin U.S. 85(3):569-600.

Almeida, F.P. 1987. Stock definition of silver hake in the New England-Middle Atlantic area.

North American Journal of Fish eries Management. 7(2):169-186

and E.D. Anderson. 1978. Status of the southe rn New England-Middle Atlantic silver hake

stock - 1978. National Marine Fisher ies Laboratory Reference 78-55. 19p.

Anthony, V.C. and G.T. Waring. 1980. Estimates of herring spawning stock biomass and egg production for the Georges Bank-Gulf of Main e region. Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization. SCR Document 80/IX/135. 38p

Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commissi on (ASMFC). 2004. Atlantic Menhaden Stock Assessment Report for Peer Review. Stoc k Assessment Report No. 04-01 (Supplement)

of the Atlantic States Mari ne Fisheries Commission. 160p.

Bayliff, W.H. Jr. 1950. The life history of the silverside Menidia menidia (Linnaeus). Chesapeake Biological Laborat ory Publication 90. 30p.

Bigelow, H.B. and W.C. Schroede r. 1953. Fishes of the Gulf of Maine. Fishery Bulletin 74. 577p.

Busch, W.N. and J.W. Heinrich. 1982. Growth a nd maturity of white perch in Lake Ontario.

New York Fish and Game Journal 29:206-208.

Chase, W. and F. Brown. 1992. General Statistics. Second Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. 645p + appendix.

Chenoweth, S.B. 1963. Spawning and fecundity of the tautog, Tautoga onitis (Linnaeus). M.S. Thesis. Graduate School of Oceanography, Un iversity of Rhode Island, Kingston. 60p.

Clayton, G., C. Cole, S. Murawski and J. Pa rrish. 1978. Common marine fishes of coastal

Massachusetts. Massachusetts Cooperative Extension Serv ice, Amherst, Mass. 231p.

Cole, C.F, R.J. Essig, and O.R. Sarrelle. 1978. Biological investig ation of the alewife population, Parker River, Massachusetts. Fi nal Report (unpublished). National Marine Fisheries Service (P.L. 89-304).

Collette and Klein-MacPhee 2002. Bigelow and Schroeder’s Fishes of the Gulf of Maine. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington.

# 16 Normandeau Associates, Inc

. Conover, D.O. 1979. Density, growth, production and fecundity of the Atlantic silverside,

Menidia menidia (Linnaeus), in a central New Engla nd estuary. M.S. Thesis, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. 59p.

and B.E. Kynard. 1984. Field and laborat ory observations of spawning periodicity behavior of a northern populati on of the Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia (Pisces: Atherinidae). Environmental Bi ology of Fishes 11(3):161-171.

and M.R. Ross. 1982. Patterns in seasonal a bundance, growth and biomass of the Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia , in a New England estuary. Estuaries 5(4):275-286.

Cooper, R.A. 1967. Age and growth of the tautog, Tautoga onitis , from Rhode Island. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 96:134-142.

Durbin, A.G., E.G. Durbin, T.J. Smayda, and P.G. Verity. 1983. Age, size, growth, and chemical composition of Atlantic menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus , from Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island. Fisherie s Bulletin U.S. 81(1):133-142.

Fogarty, M.J. and S.H. Clark. 1983. Status of Atlantic herring resources in the Gulf of Maine region - 1983. National Marine Fisheries Se rvice, Woods Hole Laboratory Reference Document No. 83-46. 33p.

Fritz, E.S. and E.T. Garside. 1975. Compar ison of age composition, growth, and fecundity between two populations each of Fundulus heteroclitus and F. diaphanus (Pisces: Cyprinodontidae). Canadian J ournal of Zoology 53(4):361-369..

Gibson, M.R. 1989a. A study and comparison of winter flounder growth rates in several northeast Atlantic populations from New Je rsey to Newfoundland with emphasis on

Rhode Island. Rhode Island Division Fish and Wildlife. Res. Ref. Doc. 89/5.

1989b. Alewife restoration studies January 1, 1988 to December 31, 1988. R.I. Department of Environment Management, Division of Fi sh and Wildlife. Performance Report, Project No. F-26-R-23. 21p.

1993a. Stock assessment of winter flounder in Rhode Island, 1992: A report to the RI

Marine Fisheries Council. Rhode Island Divisi on Fish and Wildlife. Res. Ref. Doc.

93/1.

1993b. Population dynamics of winter flounder in Mount Hope Bay in relation to operations at the Brayton Point electric plant. Rhode Island Division Fish and Wildlife. Unpublished.

Grimes, C.B. 1975. Entrapment of fishes on inta ke water screens at a steam electric generating station. Chesapeake Science 16(3):172-177.

# 17 Normandeau Associates, Inc. Harmon, P.L., D. Mathur, and R.M. Matty, Jr. 1999. Design of CWIS in accordance with fish swim speed measurements at Peach Bottom Atomic Power Station. In: Proceedings EPRI Power Generation Impacts on Aquatic Resources Conference, Atlanta, GA.

Helser, T.E. 1996. Growth of silver hake with in the U.S. continental shelf ecosystem of the northwest Atlantic Ocean. Journal of Fish Biology 48:1059-1073.

, E.M. Thunberg, and R.K. Mayo. 1996. An age-structured bioeconomic simulation of

U.S. silver hake fisheries. North Amer ican Journal of Fisheries Management 16:783-

794.

Hostetter, E.B; T.A Munroe. 1993. Ag e, growth, and reproduction of tautog Tautoga onitis (Labridae: Perciformes) from coastal waters of Virginia. Fishery Bulletin U.S. 91(1):45-

64.

Howell, P., A. Howe, M. Gibson, and S. Ayvazian. 1992. Fishery management plan for inshore stocks of winter flounder, Pleuronectes americanus . Fishery Management Report No.

21. Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission. 138p.

Klauda, R.J., J.B. McLaren, R.E. Schmidt, and W. B. Dey. 1988. Life history of white perch in the Hudson River estuary. American Fisheries Society Monograph 4:69-88.

Lifton, W.S. and J.F. Storr. 1978. The effect of environmental variables on fish impingement. p299-311 In Jensen, L.D. (ed.) Fourth National Workshop on Entrainment and Impingement. 5 December 1977 Hyatt Regency O'Hare Hotel, Chicago, Il. EA Communications, New York.

Mansueti, F.J. 1961. Movements, reproduc tion and mortality of the white perch, Roccus

americanus , in the Patuxent estuary, Maryland. Chesapeake Science 2(3-4):142-205.

Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries. 1999. Menhaden management changes coming. DMF News p8.

Marine Research, Inc. (MRI.). 1997. Post-i mpingement survival st udy Manchester Street Station January 1996-February 1997. Prepar ed for Narragansett Electric Company and New England Power Company April 1997.

. 1988. Saugus River Biological Monitoring Program Post-operation al Summary Report,

1986-1987. Prepared for Wehran Engineering, Middletown, NY.

. 2000. Impingement monitoring at Manchest er Street Station 1999. Submitted to U S

Gen New England, Inc.. 58p + appendix.

_____. 2006. Ichthyoplankton Entrainment Monito ring at Manchester Street Station, Providence, Rhode Island, 2005. Prepared fo r Dominion Energy Manchester Street, Inc. Providence, Rhode Island

# 18 Normandeau Associates, Inc

. Normandeau Associates, Inc (.NAI). 1996. Seab rook Station 1995 environmental studies in the Hampton-Seabrook area. A characterizati on of environmental conditions during the operation of Seabrook Station. Prepared for North Atlantic Energy Service Corporation.

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Section 316 Demonstration for the Manchester Street Station Repowering Project. Revised May 1990.

Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NFSC). 1998. 27 th 

# Northeast regional stock assessment workshop (27 th 

# SAW). Northeast Fisheries Scie nce Center Reference Document 98-15.

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resources off the northeastern United Stat es for 1998. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NE-115. 149p.

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Rose, K.A., J.A. Tyler, R.C. Chambers, G. Kl ein-MacPhee, and D.J. Danila. 1996. Simulating winter flounder population dynamics using c oupled individual-based young-of-the-year and age-structured adult models. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 53(5):1071-1091.

Ryan, T.A. Jr. and B.L. Joiner. 1976. Normal probability plots and tests for normality. The Pennsylvania State University Statis tics Department. 19p. Unpublished.

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Circular 433.

Sokal, R.R. and F.J. Rohlf. 1995. Biometry. Third Edition. W.H. Freeman and Company, New York. 887p.

# 19 Normandeau Associates, Inc. Tatham, T.R., D.L. Thomas, and G.J. Miller. 1978. Survival of fishes and macroinvertebrates impinged at Oyster Creek Ge nerating Station. p235-243 In : Jensen, L.D. (Ed). Fourth National Workshop on Entrainment and Impi ngement. Chicago, IL. December 1977.

Turnpenny, A.W.H. 1983. Multiple regression analysis for forecasti ng critical fish influxes at power station intakes. Jour nal of Applied Ecology 20:33-42.

Wallace, D.C. 1971. Age, growth, year class st rength, and survival rate s of the white perch,

Morone americana (Gmelin) in the Delaware River in the vicinity of Artificial Island. Chesapeake Science 12(4):205-218.

Witherell, D.B. and J. Burnett. 1993. Growth and maturation of winter flounder, Pleuronectes

americanus , in Massachusetts. Fisher y Bulletin U.S. 91(4):816-820.

Zar, J.H. 1974. Biostatistical Analysis. Pren tice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. 620p.Normandeau Associates, Inc.Atlantic Menhaden (RIS)Monthly Estimated Impingement Totals,,,,,,,,,,,,Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec101001,00010,000100,000Number of Fish010203040506070Percent Of Total2006 1992-2005,Atlantic Herring (RIS)Monthly Estimated Impingement Totals' '''''''''''Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec1101001,00010,000010203040506070Percent Of Total2006 1992-2005'Winter Flounder (RIS)Monthly Estimated Impingement Totals,,,,,,,,,,,,Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec101001,000Numbers of Fish051015202530Percent Of Total2006 1992-2005,Atlantic Silverside (RIS)Monthly Estimated Impingement Totals&&&&&&&&&&&&Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec10100Numbers of Fish0255075Percent of Total2006 1992-2005&Figure 3. Estimated monthly impingement totals for Atlanticmenhaden, Atlantic herring, winterflounder, Atlantic silverside,silverhake, cunner, tautog, and total fish Manchester Street Station, 2006. Solidlines indicate the percent of total take each month for 1992,1993, 1996-2005 pooled.Normandeau Associates, Inc.Silver HakeMonthly Estimated Impingement Totals''''' '''''''Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec1101001,00010,0000510152025303540Percent Of Total2006 1992-2005'CunnerMonthly Estimated Impingement Totals,,,,,,,,,,,,Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec04080120160200240280320Numbers Of Fish05101520Percent Of Total2006 1992-2005,Tautog (RIS)Monthly Estimated Impingement Totals,,,,,,,,,,,,Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec050100150200250300Numbers Of Fish051015202530Percent Of Total2006 1992-2005,Total FishMonthly Estimated Impingement Totals,,,,,,,,,,,,Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec1001,00010,000100,000Number of Fish0102030405060Percent Of Total2003 1992-2005,Figure 3. Estimated monthly impingement totals for Atlantic menhaden, Atlantic herring, winter flounder, Atlantic silverside, silverhake, cunner, tautog, and total fish Manchester Street Station,2006. Solid lines indicate the percent of total take each month for 1992,1993, 1996-2005 pooled.Normandeau Associates, Inc.(a)Atlantic MenhadenLength FrequencyJanuary - December 2006Manchester Street Screens30405060708090100110120130140150160170180190200210220230240250260270280290300310320330Length Class (mm)051015202530Percent of TotalMean = 111 (s.e.= 7.67)n = 192(b)Winter FlounderLength FrequencyJanuary - April 2006Manchester Street Screens30507090110130150170190210230250270290310330350370Length Class (mm)0510152025Percent of TotalMean = 135 (s.e.= 4.60)n = 142(c)Winter FlounderLength FrequencyMay - August 2006Manchester Street Screens30507090110130150170190210230250270290310330Length Class (mm)0510152025Percent of TotalMean = 98 (s.e. = 6.11)n = 83(d)Winter FlounderLength FrequencySeptember - December 2006Manchester Street Screens30507090110130150170190210230250270290310330Length Class (mm)0510152025Percent of TotalMean = 124 (s.e. = 10.09)n = 31Figure 4. Length-frequency data for Atlantic menhaden (a), winter flounder January- April (b), May-August (c), SeptemberDecember (d) impinged on the Manchester Street intake screens, 2006.Normandeau Associates, Inc.(a)Atlantic SilversideLength FrequencyJanuary - June 2006Manchester Street Screens30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140Length Class (mm)0102030405060Percent of TotalMean = 89 (s.e. =6.50)n = 2(b)Atlantic SilversideLength FrequencyJuly - December 2006Manchester Street Screens30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140Length Class (mm)010203040506070Percent of TotalMean = 101 (s.e.= 10.34)n = 3(c)White PerchLength FrequencyJanuary - December 2006Manchester Street Screens30405060708090100110120130140150160170180190200210220230240250260270280290300Length Class (mm)0510152025Percent of TotalMean = 114 (s.e.= 2.96)n = 196(d)Atlantic HerringLength FrequencyJanuary - December 2006Manchester Street Screens30405060708090100110120130140150Length Class (mm)0102030405060Percent of TotalMean = 71 (s.e.= 11)n = 2Figure 5. Length-frequency data for Atlanticsilverside January-June (a), July-December (b), white perch (c), Atlantic herring(d)impinged on the Manchester Street intake screens, 2006.

# Normandeau Associates, Inc. 

# Manchester Street Station - 2006

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# Figure 7. Range and mean percent of total number of fish collected at Manchest er Street Station which were found in the low pressure return line fo r selected numerically dominant fish, 1996-2006.Normandeau Associates, Inc.Manchester Street StationLow Pressure Return Efficiency$ $

1 9 9 6 1 9 9 7 1 9 9 8 1 9 9 9 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 3 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 620406080100Percent Of TotalAtlantic Herring Mean 1996-2005$Manchester Street StationLow Pressure Return Efficiency$ $

1 9 9 6 1 9 9 7 1 9 9 8 1 9 9 9 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 3 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 620406080100Percent Of TotalAtlantic Menhaden Mean 1996-2005$Manchester Street StationLow Pressure Return Efficiency$ $

1 9 9 6 1 9 9 7 1 9 9 8 1 9 9 9 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 3 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 6020406080100Percent Of TotalAtlantic Silverside Mean 1996-2005$Manchester Street StationLow Pressure Return Efficiency$ $

1 9 9 6 1 9 9 7 1 9 9 8 1 9 9 9 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 3 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 620406080100Percent Of TotalAtlantic Tomcod Mean 1996-2005$Figure 8. Percent of total number of fishcollected at Manchester Street Station which were found in the low pressure return line forselected numerically dominant fish, 1996-2006.Normandeau Associates, Inc.Manchester Street StationLow Pressure Return Efficiency$ $

1 9 9 6 1 9 9 7 1 9 9 8 1 9 9 9 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 3 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 620406080100Percent Of TotalCunner Mean 1996-2005$Manchester Street StationLow Pressure Return Efficiency$ $

1 9 9 6 1 9 9 7 1 9 9 8 1 9 9 9 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 3 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 620406080100Percent Of TotalNorthern Pipefish Mean 1996-2005$Manchester Street StationLow Pressure Return Efficiency$ $

1 9 9 6 1 9 9 7 1 9 9 8 1 9 9 9 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 3 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 620406080100Percent Of TotalTautog Mean 1996-2005$Manchester Street StationLow Pressure Return Efficiency$ $

1 9 9 6 1 9 9 7 1 9 9 8 1 9 9 9 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 3 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 5 2 0 0 620406080100Percent Of TotalWinter Flounder Mean 1996-2005$Figure 8. Percent of total number of fishcollected at Manchester Street Station which were found in the low pressure return line forselected numerically dominant fish, 1996-2006.

# Normandeau Associates, Inc. 

# Atlantic Menhaden - 2006

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, Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0 20 40 60 80 100 Percent Of Total

2006 1995-2005 

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# Atlantic Silverside - 2006

Low Pressure Return Efficiency

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0 20 40 60 80 100 Percent Of Total

1995-2005



# Figure 9. Percent of total collected in the Manchest er Street Station low-pre ssure return line by month for Atlantic menhaden (top) and Atla ntic silverside (bottom), 2006. Ba rs indicate percent by month for pooled data collections from 1995-2005.

# Normandeau Associates, Inc. 

# Winter Flounder - 2006

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# Tautog - 2006

Low Pressure Return Efficiency

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2006 1995-2005 

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# Figure 10. Percent of tota l collected in the Manche ster Street Station low- pressure return line by month for winter flounder (top) a nd tautog (bottom), 2006. Bars indi cate percent by month for pooled

data collections from 1995-2005.Normandeau Associates, Inc.Alewife (RIS)Manchester Street Intake Screens19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year03006009001,2001,5001,8002,1002,4002,7003,0003,3003,600Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric MeanAmerican EelManchester Street Intake Screens19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year02004006008001,0001,2001,4001,600Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric Mean19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year1101001,00010,000100,0001,000,000Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric Mean19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year101001,00010,000100,0001,000,00010,000,000100,000,000Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric MeanFigure 11. Estimated annual totals for 19 species of fish plus total fish impinged on the Manchester Streetintake screens, 1975-2006(1980, 1994, 1995 excluded, see text). The geometric mean over the 1975-2005 time series is shown by a horizontal line in eachcase.Normandeau Associates, Inc.Atlantic Silversides (RIS)Manchester Street Intake Screens19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year101001,00010,000100,0001,000,000Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric MeanAtlantic TomcodManchester Street Intake Screens19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year04008001,2001,6002,0002,4002,8003,200Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric Mean19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year02004006008001,0001,2001,4001,600Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric Mean19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year1101001,00010,000Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric MeanFigure 11. Estimated annual totals for 19 species of fish plus total fish impinged on the Manchester Streetintake screens, 1975-2006(1980, 1994, 1995 excluded, see text). The geometric mean over the 1975-2005 time series is shown by a horizontal line in eachcase.Normandeau Associates, Inc.19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year05001,0001,5002,000Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric Mean19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year101001,00010,000Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric Mean19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year101001,00010,000100,000Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric Mean19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year02004006008001,0001,200Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric MeanFigure 11. Estimated annual totals for 19 species of fish plus total fish impinged on the Manchester Streetintake screens, 1975-2006(1980, 1994, 1995 excluded, see text). The geometric mean over the 1975-2005 time series is shown by a horizontal line in eachcase.Normandeau Associates, Inc.Silver Hake (RIS)Manchester Street Intake Screens19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year1001,00010,000100,000Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric Mean19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year101001,00010,000Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric Mean19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year04008001,2001,6002,0002,4002,8003,200Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric MeanWeakfish (RIS)Manchester Street Intake Screens19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year04008001,2001,6002,0002,4002,800Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric MeanFigure 11. Estimated annual totals for 19 species of fish plus total fish impinged on the Manchester Streetintake screens, 1975-2006(1980, 1994, 1995 excluded, see text). The geometric mean over the 1975-2005 time series is shown by a horizontal line in eachcase.Normandeau Associates, Inc.White PerchManchester Street Intake Screens19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year1101001,00010,000Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric MeanWindowpaneManchester Street Intake Screens19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year05001,0001,5002,000Number of FishAnnual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric MeanWinter Flounder (RIS)Manchester Street Intake Screens19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year0510152025Number of Fish (Thousands)Annual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric Mean19751976197719781979198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319961997199819992000200120022003200420052006Year1,00010,000100,0001,000,00010,000,000100,000,000Annual Total 1975-1993,1996-2005 Geometric MeanFigure 11. Estimated annual totals for 19 species of fish plus total fish impinged on the Manchester Streetintake screens, 1975-2006(1980, 1994, 1995 excluded, see text). The geometric mean over the 1975-2005 time series is shown by a horizontal line in eachcase.

# Normandeau Associates, Inc. 

# Manchester Street Station

Fish Impingement vs. Intake Flow - 2006

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## Station Flow (MG/Hr) 0 2.1 4.2 6.3 8.4 Loge Total Fish Per 24 Hours

Rs = 0.181 p = 0.198



# Manchester Street Station

Fish Impingement vs. Water Temperature - 2006

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## Water Temperature (C) 0 2 4 6 8 10 Loge Total Fish Per 24 Hours

Rs = -0.148 p = 0.314



# Figure 12. Relationship between numbers of fish impinged (loge ) and flow (top) and water temperature (bottom), all species comb ined, Manchester Street Station, 2006.

# Normandeau Associates, Inc. 

# Manchester Street Station

Fish Impingement vs. Water Temperature - 1995 - 2006

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Water Temperature (C) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Loge Total Fish Per 24 Hours

Rs = 0.026, p = 0.531



# Manchester Street Station

Fish Impingement vs. Intake Flow - 1995 - 2006

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# Figure 13. Relationship between numbers of fish impinged (loge ) and flow (top) and water temperature (bottom), all species combin ed, Manchester Street Station, 1992-2006.Normandeau Associates, Inc.Blue CrabManchester Street Intake Screens372989,0987708,11715,38417,81815,1091,333297838834,8771992 1993 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 20061101001,00010,000100,000Seven-spine Bay ShrimpManchester Street Intake Screens90542,70817,1267,69118,673671,99723,39728242,0785,6954,8341992 1993 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 20061101001,00010,000100,0001,000,000Green CrabManchester Street Intake Screens1,9545,5055,456655535722122775961992 1993 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006101001,00010,000Lady CrabManchester Street Intake Screens4,6543761,0981,6893934052135113361,165344791992 1993 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006101001,00010,000100,000Figure 14.Annual totals for four tnumericaldominant species of macroinvertebrates, Manchester Street intake screens, 1992, 1993,1996-2006.Species 2006 2006 Z Score 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1993 1992GeometricMean 75-93, 96-2005Atlantic menhaden 89,663 0.5941 194,189 56,889 56,968 11,642,543 884,212 130,042 9,808,927 979 5,527 71,643 247 159,328 16,017White perch 2,651 1.1517 638 3,991 3,744 313 2,908 754 2,348 270 6,537 749 2,896 392 200Winter flounder 2,088 -0.9310 29,942 15,997 11,283 8,850 14,622 3,948 9,716 5,902 13,398 15,360 1,935 1,660 5,327Cunner 894 1.0793 1,267 821 404 4,192 2,420 674 1,942 756 358 610 0 19 37Tautog 663 0.4618 810 891 895 1,993 1,449 337 753 1,295 2,075 465 92 20 284Bluegill 287 0.4236 186 55 266 85 228 94 92 2,118 46 597 0 69 136Atlantic tomcod 173 -0.0549 1,292 2,033 696 639 1,178 388 412 896 500 3,087 39 15 196Silver hake 160 -0.9202 1,536 10,129 27,305 178 626 115 1,421 911 536 154 212 626 923Oyster toadfish 146 1.2748 132 272 660 455 419 88 77 67 45 0 0 0 5American eel 145 -0.4508 54 134 143 257 174 288 555 559 757 1,364 51 34 229Alewife 115 -0.6000 456 439 406 70 2,601 343 107 102 128 134 0 6 316Windowpane 95 -0.5055 151 129 34 0 959 127 119 191 1110 591 38 123 204Crevalle jack 89 1.6302 8 0 20 0 0 10 96 0 19 0 0 0 3Butterfish 67 0.4476 41 7 51 26 70 20 42 99 250 14 0 0 27Atlantic silverside 52 -2.8871 6,145 768 5,086 242,786 3,875 1,096 7,317 1,970 58,036 30,712 804 3,215 5,192Spotted hake 50 1.9384 0 0 14 68 0 179 35 0 0 27 0 0 1Conger eel 47 3.6339 7 0 0 0 19 0 1600000 0Fourspot flounder 42 1.8013 7 7 7 0 0 38 116 0 0 0 19 2Smallmouth flounder 41 0.9258 60 21 49 35 21 35 159 52 62 109 21 0 6Hogchoker 27 -0.0244 45 65 192 281 41 12 196 238 51 184 12 8 28Northern pipefish 27 -0.3662 57 59 7 90 114 176 998 831 719 495 110 7 52Little skate 22 -0.2798 15 7 438 0 41 116 41 44 124 418 13 39 39Striped searobin 20 0.0364 90 28 464 38 6,024 76 53 30 19 0 43 718 17Grubby 19 0.3742 169 45 39 14 243 13 574 147 314 223 12 0 7Striped killifish 19 -0.5461 34 7 121 306 101 13 47 26 42 113 37 25 65Blueback herring 18 -0.9527 8 339 154 7 13 33 71 578 80 34 0 0 124Striped bass 18 1.3479 7 0 0 34 7 11 8 7 35 15 0 0 2Bay anchovy 14 -0.3426 0 25 14 16 0 0 81 207 32 303 0 96 32Mummichog 14 -1.2516 104 42 164 154 293 144 7 289 605 691 326 165 297Summer flounder 14 0.5295 31 45 26 148 0 7 84 19 40 17 0 0 4Atlantic herring 12 -0.9705 170,912 29,570 4,157 39 499 24,026 22,667 66,150 1,565 10,708 0 187 331Bluefish 12 0.1779 182 0 20 10 7 7 10,454 0 0 17 0 0 18Atlantic moonfish 11 0.6238 0 23 43 91 7 21 41 103 0 44 0 0 2Largemouth bass 10 0.8556 58 7 7 38 9 0 29 6 0 28 0 0 2Brown bullhead 8 2.3290 0 0 0 0 11 0 000000 0Gizzard shad 8 1.1970 34 7 51 0 0 50 700000 1Golden shiner 7 1.2972 38 0 15 0 7 7 0 0 0 26 0 0 1Pollock 7 1.0992 0 0 7 0 0 0 000500 1Seaboard goby 7 1.6309 0 0 0 15 11 0 0 6 12 7 0 0 1Weakfish 7 -0.9692 269 0 0 135 246 40 327 2,732 2,451 60 0 82 81Lumpfish 5 0.1976 7 0 0 7 259 0 37 0 305 0 0 0 2Striped cusk-eel 4 1.4275 0 7 0 0 0 13 1400000 0Threespine stickleback 4 -1.9575 88 416 346 110 749 1,703 398 212 800 545 136 110 157Total 97,782 409,069 123,275 113,950 11,903,913 923,714 163,341 9,869,881 87,586 95,778 139,004 6,888 166,853Grand Total 97,782 409,247 123,382 115,619 11,904,170 928,257 165,192 9,870,753 88,014 96,849 139,479 7,151 167,635 88,870Table 1. Total estimated numbers impinged by species, Manchester Street Station, 2006. Standard scores for 2006, comparable totals for 1992 through 2005 as well as the long-termmean (1975-1993, 1996-2005 are also shown (see footnotes).* Due to repowering upgrades, sampling in 1994 was only possible through September. Sampling in 1995 began in mid-July once new equipment became functional. These two years were not included in calculation of thetime series means.Grand total includes fish taken in other years but were no listed because they were not taken in 2006. Refer to Table 5 for acomplete listing.Table 2. Estimated numbers of fish impinged on the Manchester Street intake screens by species and month, January-December 2006.Species Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec TotalAtlantic Menhaden 78 79 96 34 14 0 0 79,063 7,295 80 2,574 350 89,663White Perch 49 7 1,048 721 636 35 27 45 6 25 14 38 2,651Winter Flounder 290 292 253 76 121 218 137 422 112 59 70 38 2,088Cunner 14 14 23 17 206 302 7 71 126 72 17 25 894Tautog 14 46 20 37 175 134 57 100 37 31 0 12 663Bluegill 200 0 0 0 141 38 0 0 13 68 7 287Atlantic Tomcod 530 0 0 0 9 7 56 6 19 0 23 173Silver Hake 100 39 140 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 160Oyster Toadfish0 0 0 7 42 16 20 18 7 29 7 0 146American Eel 7 26 57 360 0 0 0 0 6 0 13 145Alewife 7 0 7 69 0 0 7 12 0 0 0 13 115Windowpane0 7 0 4 27 8 7 42 0 0 0 0 95Crevalle Jack0 0 0 0 0 0 0 89 0 0 0 0 89Butterfish0 0 0 0 0 0 0 67 0 0 0 0 67Atlantic Silverside 140 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 12 14 0 52Spotted Hake 7 0 0 28 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 50Conger Eel 28 0 190 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 47Fourspot Flounder0 0 0 0 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 42Smallmouth Flounder 7 0 12 7 150 0 0 0 0 0 0 41Northern Pipefish 0 7 7 130 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27Little Skate7 0 0 0 7 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 22Hogchoker0 0 0 0 0 0 7 12 8 0 0 0 27Striped Searobin 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20Grubby0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 19Striped Killifish 0 0 0 127 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19Blueback Herring 0 0 0 180 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18Striped Bass0 7 4 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18Bay Anchovy0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 14Mummichog0 0 0 7 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14Summer Flounder0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 14Atlantic Herring0 0 0 5 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12Bluefish0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 12Atlantic Moonfish0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 11Largemouth Bass0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 10Brown Bullhead0000800000008Table 2. Estimated numbers of fish impinged on the Manchester Street intake screens by species and month, January-December 2006.Species Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec TotalGizzard Shad0000000000808Golden Shiner7000000000007Pollock0007000000007Seaboard Goby0000000000077Weakfish7000000000007Lumpfish0050000000005Striped Cusk-eel0004000000004Threespine Stickleback0004000000004Total Fish 729 531 1,565 1,113 1,336 871 328 80,021 7,597 365 2,782 544 97,782Number of Species 18 11 13 20 16 9 11 14 8 12 9 12 43Table 3. Mean numbers of fish impinged per million gallons of through-plant flow, Manchester Street Station, January -December, 2006.Species Jan Feb MarAprMayJun Jul Aug Sep OctNov Dec MeanAtlantic Menhaden0.0116 0.0099 0.0114 0.0056 0.0015 0.0000 0.0000 8.8398 1.0132 0.0091 0.3408 0.04840.8576White Perch 0.0066 0.0009 0.1255 0.1138 0.0696 0.0047 0.0037 0.0049 0.0008 0.0027 0.0018 0.0052 0.0283Winter Flounder0.0407 0.0475 0.0330 0.0112 0.0131 0.0301 0.0191 0.0441 0.0155 0.0065 0.0142 0.00540.0234Cunner 0.0019 0.0022 0.0026 0.0023 0.0226 0.0425 0.0009 0.0069 0.0174 0.0079 0.0022 0.0037 0.0094Tautog0.0019 0.0065 0.0026 0.0055 0.0190 0.0185 0.0078 0.0092 0.0051 0.0040 0.0000 0.00150.0068Bluegill 0.0028 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0196 0.0052 0.0000 0.0000 0.0018 0.0092 0.0011 0.0033Atlantic Tomcod 0.0080 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0011 0.0010 0.0062 0.0008 0.0020 0.0000 0.0031 0.0018Silver Hake 0.0140 0.0053 0.0015 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0008 0.0018American Eel 0.0009 0.0035 0.0069 0.0045 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0006 0.0000 0.0017 0.0015Oyster Toadfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0008 0.0046 0.0021 0.0028 0.0020 0.0009 0.0034 0.0008 0.0000 0.0015Alewife0.0009 0.0000 0.0008 0.0109 0.0000 0.0000 0.0009 0.0012 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00180.0014Windowpane 0.0000 0.0013 0.0000 0.0006 0.0030 0.0010 0.0010 0.0036 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0009Crevalle Jack 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0099 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0008Atlantic Silverside0.0019 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0012 0.0000 0.0013 0.0037 0.00000.0007Butterfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0074 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0006Spotted Hake 0.0010 0.0000 0.0000 0.0041 0.0016 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0006Conger Eel 0.0038 0.0000 0.0026 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0005Fourspot Flounder 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0046 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0004Smallmouth Flounder 0.0009 0.0000 0.0013 0.0009 0.0015 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0004Northern Pipefish 0.0000 0.0009 0.0008 0.0020 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003Hogchoker 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0010 0.0012 0.0010 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003Black Crappie 0.0028 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0002Striped Searobin 0.0027 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0002Little Skate 0.0009 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0007 0.0010 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0002Striped Killifish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0017 0.0007 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0002Blueback Herring0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0023 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0002Grubby 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0009 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0013 0.0000 0.0000 0.0002Striped Bass 0.0000 0.0009 0.0005 0.0000 0.0008 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0002Summer Flounder 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0019 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0002Mummichog0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0008 0.0007 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0001Bay Anchovy0.0000 0.0009 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0007 0.0000 0.00000.0001Atlantic Moonfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0015 0.0001Largemouth Bass 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0014 0.0000 0.0001Atlantic Herring0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0006 0.0008 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0001Bluefish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0012 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001Gizzard Shad 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0009 0.0000 0.0001Golden Shiner 0.0009 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001Weakfish0.0009 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00000.0001Pollock 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0008 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001Seaboard Goby 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0008 0.0001Brown Bullhead 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0008 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0001Cusk-eels 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0006 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000Threespine Stickleback 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0006 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000Lumpfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0005 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

## 42



# Table 4. Total estimated monthly catch for numerically dominant finfish and 'all others' partitioned by low and
high-pressure wash systems, Manchester Street Station, January - December 2006.

Atlantic Menhaden Atlantic Silverside Winter Flounder Atlantic Herring Low High Percent Low High Percent Low High Percent Low High Percent

Pressure Pressure Low Pressure Pressure Low Pressure Pressure Low Pressure Pressure Low

Jan 31 47 39.7% 7 7 50.0% 206 83 71.3% 0 0

Feb 52 26 66.7% 0 0 250 41 85.9% 0 0

Mar 65 31 67.7% 0 0 220 32 87.3% 0 0 Apr 33 0 100.0% 0 0 70 6 92.1% 0 5 0.0% May 0 13 0.0% 0 0 106 15 87.6% 0 0

Jun 0 0 0 0 134 83 61.8% 0 7 0.0%

Jul 0 0 0 0 86 51 62.8% 0 0 Aug 33,655 45,407 42.6% 0 11 0.0% 302 119 71.7% 0 0 Sep 7,212 82 98.9% 1 0 100.0% 99 13 88.4% 0 0

Oct 68 12 85.0% 12 0 100.0% 53 5 91.4% 0 0
Nov 0 2,574 0.0% 0 13 0.0% 9 60 13.0% 0 0

Dec 225 126 64.1% 0 0 27 11 71.1% 0 0

Total 41,341 48,318 46.1% 20 31 39.2% 1,562 519 75.1% 0 12 0.0%

Cunner Tautog White Perch Silver Hake Low High Percent Low High Percent Low High Percent Low High Percent

Pressure Pressure Low Pressure Pressure Low Pressure Pressure Low Pressure Pressure Low

Jan 14 0 100.0% 14 0 100.0% 49 0 100.0% 69 31 69.0%

Feb 7 7 50.0% 32 14 69.6% 7 0 100.0% 33 6 84.6%

Mar 17 6 73.9% 13 6 68.4% 930 118 88.7% 7 6 53.8% Apr 11 6 64.7% 37 0 100.0% 652 68 0 0 May 193 13 93.7% 169 6 96.6% 492 144 0 0

Jun 287 14 95.3% 133 0 100.0% 35 0 0 0

Jul 6 0 100.0% 50 7 87.7% 27 0 0 0 Aug 71 0 100.0% 100 0 100.0% 22 22 0 0 Sep 126 0 100.0% 37 0 100.0% 6 0 100.0% 0 0

Oct 72 0 100.0% 18 13 58.1% 25 0 0 0

Nov 7 10 41.2% 0 0 7 7 0 0

Dec 18 6 75.0% 11 0 100.0% 37 0 100.0% 6 0 100.0%

Total 829 62 93.0% 614 46 93.0% 2,289 359 86.4% 115 43 72.8%

Atlantic Tomcod All Others Low High Percent Low High Percent

Pressure Pressure Low Pressure Pressure Low

Jan 41 11 78.8% 86 27 76.1%

Feb 0 0 45 6 88.2%

Mar 0 0 75 33 69.4% Apr 0 0 148 67 68.8% May 0 0 118 55 68.2%

Jun 0 8 0.0% 123 47 72.4%

Jul 7 0 100.0% 86 7 92.5% Aug 0 55 0.0% 158 88 64.2% Sep 6 0 100.0% 13 0 100.0%

Oct 19 0 54 11 83.1%

Nov 0 0 36 55 39.6%

Dec 23 0 100.0% 30 18 62.5%

Total 96 74 56.5% 972 414 70.1%Table 5. Estimated numbers of fish impinged on the Manchester Street Station revolving screens January-December by species, 1975-2006 (1980 excluded1).Species 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 199319942199531996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006African pompano0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 3406000Alectis ciliarisAlewife 1,459 518 1,484 491 518 335 817 770 213 1,640 3,498 636 1,113 226 659 197 6 0 150 26 134 128 102 107 343 2,601 70 406 439 456 115Alosa pseudoharengusAmerican eel 119 168 238 245 707 1,106 718 647 209 187 106 330 103 124 62 324 34 51 24 391 1,364 757 559 555 288 174 257 143 134 54 145Anguilla rostrataAmerican shad0 0 0 0 0 0 208 56 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 6 6 0 7 0 0 7 38 0Alosa sapidissimaAtlantic cod0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 10 0Gadus morhuaAtlantic herring 28 28 21 121 0 19 0 46 84 16,515 11 1,948 104 830 288 452 18700710,708 1,565 66,150 22,667 24,026 499 39 4,157 29,570 170,912 12Clupea harengusAtlantic mackerel 0 0 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 000000Scomber scombrusAtlantic menhaden 50,630 12,734 24,619 18,876 494 1,285 54 2,147 827 18,831 29,440 1,510 2,344 9,974 2,976 38,836 159,328 247 25 138 71,643 5,527 979 9,808,927 130,042 884,212 11,642,543 56,968 56,889 194,189 89,663Brevoortia tyrannusAtlantic moonfish0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 216 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 44 44 0 103 41 21 7 91 43 23 0 11Selene setapinnisAtlantic silverside 1,305 1,106 21,129 1,854 1,212 12,196 24,583 9,687 97 4,677 4,471 11,273 24,824 14,873 12,365 3,089 3,215 804 1,071 1,528 30,71258,036 1,970 7,317 1,096 3,875 242,786 5,086 768 6,145 52Menidia menidiaAtlantic tomcod 0 14 0 244 247 297 2,359 255 1,367 2,197 329 307 158 36 281 0 15 39 742 348 3,087 500 896 412 388 1,178 639 696 2,033 1,292 173Microgadus tomcodBanded killifish0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 20 0 2000000Fundulus diaphanusBay anchovy 0 98 658 0 308 461 159 585 60 59 0 0 95 1,385 161 350 96 0 0 563 303 32 207 81 0 0 16 14 25 0 14Anchoa mitchilliBlack crappie0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 113 0 0 0 0 0 13 7 0 69 53 0 7 0 7 6 24 0Pomoxis nigromaculatusBlack sea bass 0 0 21 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 42 0 6 6 03,221 105 149 6 20 0Centropristis striataBlack spotted stickleback0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 700000Gasterosteus wheatlandiBlueback herring 168 70 273 791 492 1,089 7,799 500 301 502 164 233 1,012 164 247 164 0 0 6 110 34 80 578 71 33 13 7 154 339 8 18Alosa aestivalisBluefish 0 0 42 17 73 157 869 810 40 265 30 75 0 128 48 0 0 0 0 7 17 0 010,454 7 7 10 20 0 182 12Pomatomus saltatrixBluegill 84 154 287 338 967 492 1,100 224 744 58 89 803 49 254 50 0 69 0 29 70 597 46 2,118 92 94 228 85 266 55 186 287Lepomis macrochirusBlue runner 0 24 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 0 0 0 6 0 000000Caranx chrysosBrown bullhead0 0 0 0 33 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 1100008Ameiurus nebulosusTable 5. (continued).Species 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 199319941199521996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006Brown Trout00000000000000000000000 0 0 007000Salmo truttaButterfish 0 112 112 37 114 90 0 0 52 283 367 0 95 386 48 40 0 0 0 18 14 250 99 42 20 70 26 51 7 41 67Peprilus triacanthusChain pickerel 0 0 0 19 0 0 56 0 0 140000000000000 0 0 000000Esox nigerCommon carp0 0 0 0 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000070Cyprinus carpioConger eel0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 190 0 0 7 47Conger oceanicusCrevalle jack 0 0 21 0 0 112 252 94 0 0 0 0 0 68 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 96 10 0 0 20 0 8 89Caranx hipposCunner 28 14 168 124 34 51 380 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51 246 19 0 128 529 610 358 7561,942 674 2,420 4,192 404 821 1,267 894Tautogolabrus adspersusFourspine stickleback0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 7 33 0 0 0 000000Apeltes quadracusFourspot flounder 0 14 0 0 0 22 0 48 0 0 0 0 0 42 0 0 19 0 0 0 0 0 6 11 38 00 7 7 7 42Paralichthys oblongusGizzard shad0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 50 0 0 51 7 34 8Dorosoma cepedianumGolden shiner0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 0 0 0 7 7 0 15 0 38 7Notemigonus crysoleucasGrubby0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 73 0 88 0 0 0 0 0 12 10 34 223 314 147 574 13 243 14 39 45 169 19Myoxocephalus aenaeusHogchoker0 0 0 0 17 21 0 0 61 221,367 365 577 0 192 388 8 12 0 57 184 51 238 196 12 41 281 192 65 45 27Trinectes maculatusInland silverside00000000000000000050000 0 0 000000Menidia beryllinaKillifish 14- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -----Fundulus spp.Largemouth bass 0 0 21 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 0 6 29 0 9 38 7 7 58 10Micropterus salmoidesLittle skate 14 0 0 17 179 150 124 0 63 795 401 550 394 168 62 0 39 13 3 40 418 124 44 41 116 41 0 438 7 15 22Raja erinaceaLonghorn sculpin00000000000000000070000 0 0 000000Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosusLookdown0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 0 0 0 007080Selene vomerLumpfish 0 0 19 19 17 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 61 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 305 0 37 0 25970075Cyclopterus lumpusMullet 0 0 0 19 0 0 60 0 14000000000000050 0 0 000000Mugil spp.Table 5. (continued).Species 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 199319941199521996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006Mummichog 1,057 1,160 6,433 4,355 8,479 6,198 60,974 115 0 750 165 683 42 331 482 0 165 326 200 139 691 605 289 7 144 293 154 164 42 104 14Fundulus heteroclitusNorthern kingfish0 0 0 0 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 0 0 0 0 0 14 143 19 58 0 20700000Menticirrhus saxatilisNorthern pipefish 48 56 56 0 17 41 114 0 48 84 47 73 0 120 234 101 7 110 539 529 495 719 831 998 176 114 90 7 59 57 27Syngnathus fuscusNorthern puffer00000000000000000000060 0 0 000000Sphoeroides maculatusNorthern searobin 0 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 208 0 0 0 0 41 6 0 6 0 0 000000Prionotus carolinusOyster toadfish0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 45 67 77 88 419 455 660 272 132 146Opsanus tauPollock0 0 0 0 0 49 277 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 007007Pollachius virensPumpkinseed0 0 0 0 0 0 140 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 22 0 0 7 0 007070Lepomis gibbosusRainbow smelt 0 28 35 34 644 150 31 0 0 0 0 0 53 78 0 0 0 0 0 11 56 39 24 6 0 42 0 47 13 39 0Osmerus mordaxRed hake 0 294 413 78 1,387 96 620 0 0 87 15 0 51 175 0 0 0 20 0 6 130 0 6 0 114 16070700Urophycis chussRock gunnel0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 6 7 0 10 140000Pholis gunnellusRound herring0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75 0 0 0 0 000000Etremeus teresSand lance0 0 0 0 16 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 63 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000000Ammodytes sp.Scup0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 51 92 672 0 0 7 0 13 62 75 21 56 13 350 68 14 0Stenotomus chrysopsSeaboard goby0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 12 6 0 0 11 150007Gobiosoma ginsburgiSea lamprey00000000000000000000000 0 6 600000Petromyzon morinusSheepshead minnow00000000000000000000600 0 0 000000Cyprinodon variegatusSilver hake 992 3,080 6,272 2,370 11,987 424 2,810 2,263 156 2,900 1,723 508 1,174 1,300 1,522 0 626 212 23 47 154 536 911 1,421 115 626 178 27,305 10,129 1,536 160Merluccius bilinearisSmallmouth flounder 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 68 0 32 0 0 0 21 0 0 109 62 52 159 35 21 35 49 21 60 41Etropus microstomusSmooth dogfish0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 1100000Mustelus canisSpot00000000000000000000000 0 0 0 8 42000Leiostomus xanthurusTable 5. (continued).Species 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 199319941199521996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006Spotted hake 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 0 0 35 179 0 68 14 0 0 50Urophycis regiaStriped anchovy00000000000000000000700 0 0 007000Anchoa hepsetusStriped bass0 0 0 0 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 15 35 7 8 11 7 34 51 0 7 18Morone saxatilisStriped cusk-eel0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 14 13 000704Ophidion marginatumStriped killifish 0 196 762 877 826 1,703 2,589 99 0 89 23 0 369 442 463 0 25 37 25 14 113 42 26 47 13 101 306 121 7 34 19Fundulus majalisStriped searobin 290 14 21 33 36 0 0 0 0 0 150 0 0 0 0 471 718 43 0 0 0 19 30 53 766,024 38 464 28 90 20Prionotus evolansSummer flounder0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 361 245 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 40 19 84 7 0 148 26 45 31 14Paralichthys dentatusTautog 34 56 56 145 6,394 720 1,895 56 95 84 0 316 1,343 495 152 214 20 92 258 445 465 2,075 1,295 753 337 1,449 1,993 895 891 810 663Tautoga onitisThreespine stickleback 28 98 56 52 3,004 240 51 56 0 716 141 520 2,661 187 75 0 110 136 59 0 545 800 212 398 1,703 749 110 346 416 88 4Gasterosteus aculeatusWeakfish 1,543 28 1,253 751 42 624 2,470 48 0 49 16 60 0 0 52 464 82 0 0 6 602,451 2,732 327 40 246 135 643 0 269 7Cynoscion regalisWhite crappie00000000000000000000000 0 6 000000Pomoxis anularisWhite hake 14 28 217 23 417 0 0 0 0 75 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000000Urophycis tenuisWhite perch 14 0 217 0 130 178 40 312 240 163 11 56 53 137 41 160 392 2,896 232 19 749 6,537 270 2,348 754 2,908 313 3,744 3,991 638 2,651Morone americanaWhite sucker0 0 0 0 84 44 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 000000Catostomus commersoniWindowpane 129 196 259 208 1,388 817 89 93 81 1,967 673 798 523 1,148 78 163 123 38 65 70 591 1,110 191 119 127 959 0 34 129 151 95Scophthalmus aquosusWinter flounder 2,381 1,148 1,503 3,017 15,101 3,273 11,207 4,212 1,572 25,340 748 7,106 5,516 2,365 10,823 2,422 1,660 1,935 912 4,295 15,360 13,3985,902 9,716 3,948 14,622 8,850 11,283 15,997 29,942 2,088Pleuronectes americanusYellow perch0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 0Perca flavesensTotal 60,421 21,748 66,647 35,193 55,467 32,467 122,845 23,137 6,811 78,911 43,985 28,306 42,768 35,468 32,139 47,610 167,635 7,151 4,566 9,741 139,479 96,849 88,014 9,876,527 171,191 928,257 11,904,170 115,619 123,382 409,247 97,782Number of species 22 27 28 29 35 31 29 23 21 31 23 22 24 28 28 17 24 19 26 36 49 40 44 49 41 48 38 48 38 46 431Due to impingement survival study conducted in 1980, no standard impingement studies were conducted.2Due to repowering upgrades sampling in 1994 was only possible through September.3Sampling in 1995 began in mid-July once new equipment became functional.

# Appendix 2. Errata – 2002 – 2005 Annual Impingement Reports

Report Title : Impingement Monitoring at Manchester Street Station - 2002 Page 5, last paragraph the sentence reading:

In September, 62% of the annua l total of menhaden was impinged, yielding an impingement rate of 3,31 2 fish per hour and 5,046 fish per million gallons of through-plant flow (Table 3).

This sentence should read:

In September, 62% of the annual tota l of menhaden was impinged, yielding an impingement rate of 3,312 fish per hour a nd 1,262 fish per million gallons of throughplant flow (Table 3).

Report Title: Impingement Monitoring at Manchester Street Station - 2003 Page 5, last paragraph the sentence reading:

In January 51% of the annual total of menhaden was impinged, yielding an impingement rate of 29 fish per hour a nd 11 fish per million gallons of throughplant flow (Table 3).

This sentence should read:

In January 51% of the annua l total of menhaden was impinged, yielding an impingement rate of 29 fish per hour and 2 fish per milli on gallons of through-plant flow (Table 3).

Report Title: Impingement Monitori ng at Manchester Street Station – 2004 On page 6, first paragraph the sentence reading:

In January alone 51% of the annual tota l of menhaden was impinged, yielding an impingement rate of 27 fish per hour a nd 19 fish per million gallons of throughplant flow (Table 3).

This sentence should read:

In September alone 40% of the annual to tal of menhaden was impinged, yielding an impingement rate of 27 fish per hour and 3 fi sh per million gallons of through- plant flow (Table 3).

Report Title: Impingement Monitori ng at Manchester Street Station – 2005 On page 6, first paragraph the sentence reading:

In October alone 54% of the annual tota l of menhaden was impinged, yielding an impingement rate of 141 fish per hour, which is equivalent to 627 fish per million gallons of through-plan t flow (Table 3).

# This sentence should read:

In October alone 54% of the annual tota l of menhaden was impinged, yielding an impingement rate of 141 fish per hour, which is equivalent to 125 fish per million gallons of through-plant flow (Table 3).

Corrected versions of each y ear’s respective Table 3 follow.

## Table 3. Mean numbers of fish impinged per million gallons of through-plant flow, Manchester Street Station, January-December 2002.

Species Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Mean

Atlantic Menhaden 11.4491 9.1825 5.3102 0.1268 1.1937 0.0174 0.0395 2940.7064 5046.3233 353.8788 13.5754 117.1423 708.2455

Atlantic Silverside 0.0416 0.0056 0.0088 0.0250 0.0346 0.2165 0.0580 1.3769 0.0495 0.0470 0.0469 112.0563 9.4972

Winter Flounder 0.2350 0.1122 0.0782 0.0040 0.0158 0.6273 1.2681 1.6371 0.0000 0.1519 0.0291 0.6763 0.4029

Cunner 0.0374 0.0939 0.1399 0.2197 0.1333 0.8985 0.1744 0.7670 0.0000 0.0000 0.0143 0.0201 0.2082 Tautog 0.0215 0.0113 0.0327 0.0422 0.0739 0.0254 0.0806 0.4572 0.0000 0.0470 0.0263 0.2433 0.0885

Atlantic Tomcod 0.0106 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0043 0.2177 0.0614 0.0132 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0410 0.0290 Oyster Toadfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0920 0.1056 0.0180 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0180

White Perch 0.0113 0.0662 0.0694 0.0061 0.0075 0.0327 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0032 0.0138 0.0175

American Eel 0.0000 0.0169 0.0051 0.0208 0.0135 0.0033 0.0120 0.0134 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0487 0.0111 Mummichog 0.0039 0.0054 0.0050 0.0100 0.0072 0.0174 0.0040 0.0000 0.0495 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0085

Silver Hake 0.0035 0.0056 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0037 0.0752 0.0073

Weakfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0264 0.0000 0.0000 0.0421 0.0033 0.0060 Threespine Stickleback 0.0582 0.0054 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0053

Black Sea Bass 0.0074 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0069 0.0402 0.0045

Atlantic Moonfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0502 0.0000 0.0042 Northern Pipefish 0.0074 0.0000 0.0037 0.0100 0.0022 0.0043 0.0076 0.0132 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0040

Summer Flounder 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0100 0.0000 0.0312 0.0000 0.0000 0.0069 0.0000 0.0040

Crevalle Jack 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0470 0.0000 0.0039 Hogchoker 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0088 0.0000 0.0276 0.0000 0.0000 0.0095 0.0000 0.0038 Spotted Hake 0.0035 0.0000 0.0152 0.0052 0.0000 0.0087 0.0119 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0037 Bluegill 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0094 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0195 0.0135 0.0035

Alewife 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0043 0.0047 0.0264 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0030 Striped Killifish 0.0039 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0192 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0019 Striped Searobin 0.0216 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0018 Largemouth Bass 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0036 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0032 0.0135 0.0017 Atlantic Herring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0022 0.0098 0.0080 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0017 Striped Bass 0.0039 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0132 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0014

Smallmouth Flounder 0.0000 0.0000 0.0051 0.0000 0.0050 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0065 0.0014 Fourspot Flounder 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0135 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0011

Butterfish 0.0035 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0064 0.0008 Bay Anchovy 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0087 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0007 Seaboard Goby 0.0039 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0043 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0007

Anchovies 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0080 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0007 Scup 0.0035 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0037 0.0000 0.0006

Rock Gunnel 0.0000 0.0000 0.0038 0.0000 0.0022 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0005

Bluefish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0055 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0005 Spot 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0047 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0004 Grubby 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0040 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003 Blueback Herring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0038 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003 Windowpane 0.0000 0.0000 0.0038 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003 Lumpfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0037 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003

Red Hake 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0036 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003Table 3. Mean numbers of fish impinged per million gallons of through-plant flow, Manchester Street Station, January -December, 2003.Species Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec MeanAtlantic Menhaden 11.0210 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1.9433 5.1018 6.5513 1.9251 0.4803 2.2519Silver Hake 1.4274 0.3800 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0086 0.4912 8.0373 0.8620Winter Flounder 0.4274 0.2246 0.1548 0.2543 0.0534 0.0512 1.1029 0.4007 0.4635 0.5196 0.0787 2.1260 0.4881Atlantic Silverside 0.4326 0.0979 0.0055 0.0000 0.0000 0.0028 0.0038 0.0543 1.3968 0.7539 0.0120 0.0111 0.2309Atlantic Herring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.3239 1.9815 0.0190 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.1937White Perch 0.0217 0.2109 0.5270 0.0104 0.0331 0.0000 0.0000 0.0039 0.0000 0.0037 0.0120 0.5305 0.1128Tautog 0.0429 0.0090 0.0564 0.0711 0.0745 0.0898 0.0270 0.0077 0.0039 0.0193 0.0724 0.0959 0.0475Atlantic Tomcod 0.0064 0.0000 0.0000 0.0104 0.0000 0.0777 0.1684 0.0394 0.0042 0.0039 0.0057 0.1022 0.0348Weakfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0115 0.1097 0.0859 0.0843 0.0286 0.0701 0.0325Oyster Toadfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0069 0.0772 0.1972 0.0587 0.0105 0.0075 0.0159 0.0000 0.0312Striped Searobin 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0144 0.1471 0.0286 0.1125 0.0252Alewife 0.0031 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0703 0.0345 0.1725 0.0055 0.0238Cunner 0.0222 0.0040 0.0000 0.0588 0.0485 0.0460 0.0079 0.0039 0.0035 0.0151 0.0424 0.0261 0.0232Threespine Stickleback 0.0158 0.1184 0.0796 0.0000 0.0000 0.0034 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0038 0.0184Scup 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0038 0.0041 0.0297 0.1459 0.0057 0.0113 0.0167Bluegill 0.0000 0.0000 0.0048 0.0104 0.0118 0.0451 0.0605 0.0041 0.0000 0.0043 0.0039 0.0152 0.0133Blueback Herring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0306 0.0756 0.0055 0.0093Hogchoker 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0072 0.0063 0.0555 0.0297 0.0000 0.0081 0.0000 0.0000 0.0089Mummichog 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0104 0.0640 0.0253 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0057 0.0088Black Sea Bass 0.0324 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0077 0.0222 0.0332 0.0080American Eel 0.0031 0.0085 0.0174 0.0000 0.0035 0.0039 0.0000 0.0000 0.0039 0.0039 0.0297 0.0132 0.0072Striped Killifish 0.0000 0.0204 0.0228 0.0104 0.0048 0.0034 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0170 0.0000 0.0066Windowpane 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0238 0.0048 0.0000 0.0038 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0038 0.0030Butterfish 0.0032 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0034 0.0032 0.0039 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0203 0.0028Little Skate 0.0000 0.0072 0.0055 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0164 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0024Striped Bass 0.0092 0.0000 0.0109 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0033 0.0000 0.0000 0.0057 0.0000 0.0024Smallmouth Flounder 0.0130 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0153 0.0024Atlantic Moonfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0038 0.0000 0.0077 0.0166 0.0000 0.0023Grubby 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0077 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0170 0.0021Spot 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0236 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0020Rainbow Smelt 0.0000 0.0040 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0191 0.0019Golden Shiner 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0158 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0038 0.0016Table 3. (continued).Species Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec MeanGizzard Shad 0.0000 0.0135 0.0031 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0014Summer Flounder 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0035 0.0000 0.0032 0.0077 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0012Brown Trout 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0123 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0010Crevalle Jack 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0041 0.0000 0.0074 0.0000 0.0000 0.0010Bluefish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0035 0.0000 0.0077 0.0000 0.0009Bay Anchovy 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0034 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0064 0.0000 0.0008Black Crappie 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0057 0.0005Striped Anchovy 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0055 0.0005Spotted Hake 0.0000 0.0040 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003Pollock 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0039 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003Largemouth Bass 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0038 0.0003Pumpkinseed 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0038 0.0003Lookdown 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0036 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003African Pompano 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0035 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003Northern Pipefish 0.0032 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003Fourspot Flounder 0.0032 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003Table 3. Mean numbers of fish impinged per million gallons of through-plant flow, Manchester Street Station, January -December, 2004.Species Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec MeanAtlantic Menhaden 18.7053 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0306 12.8177 6.1592 0.1164 2.0783 3.3256Atlantic Herring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 3.8122 2.9162 8.6223 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1.2792Winter Flounder 7.8879 1.2770 0.3080 0.3902 0.2279 0.3936 0.9435 0.5267 0.1521 0.6360 0.4271 0.5300 1.1417Silver Hake 11.7029 0.0832 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0076 0.0267 0.1442 0.9970White Perch 1.3735 0.5189 0.8452 0.0469 0.0182 0.0138 0.0035 0.0036 0.0000 0.0000 0.0182 0.0114 0.2378Atlantic Tomcod 0.0116 0.0038 0.0058 0.0036 0.0214 0.2343 0.1298 0.0040 0.0374 0.0184 0.0360 0.6631 0.0974Atlantic Silverside 0.2506 0.0867 0.0080 0.0438 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0314 0.0935 0.0244 0.0075 0.0455Tautog 0.0098 0.0373 0.0081 0.0303 0.0419 0.0358 0.1393 0.0316 0.0130 0.0347 0.0795 0.0486 0.0425Cunner 0.0000 0.0131 0.0144 0.0370 0.0696 0.0677 0.1051 0.0237 0.0269 0.0307 0.0429 0.0391 0.0392Threespine Stickleback 0.0000 0.1793 0.0252 0.0251 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0039 0.0195Alewife 0.0000 0.0076 0.0000 0.1921 0.0143 0.0113 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0039 0.0031 0.0194Blueback Herring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0162 0.1628 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0149Oyster Toadfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0157 0.0611 0.0407 0.0197 0.0000 0.0140 0.0039 0.0000 0.0129Windowpane 0.0137 0.0264 0.0122 0.0000 0.0000 0.0031 0.0000 0.0076 0.0000 0.0000 0.0039 0.0119 0.0066American Eel 0.0039 0.0108 0.0039 0.0000 0.0000 0.0136 0.0171 0.0079 0.0054 0.0000 0.0039 0.0088 0.0063Northern Pipefish 0.0263 0.0000 0.0000 0.0069 0.0000 0.0031 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0076 0.0000 0.0031 0.0039Scup 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0389 0.0000 0.0032Hogchoker 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0205 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0080 0.0039 0.0049 0.0031Bluegill 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0079 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0226 0.0025Grubby 0.0000 0.0076 0.0000 0.0073 0.0000 0.0000 0.0098 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0021Summer Flounder 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0111 0.0079 0.0034 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0019Mummichog 0.0039 0.0038 0.0039 0.0036 0.0039 0.0031 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0019Smallmouth Flounder 0.0134 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0039 0.0000 0.0014Striped Searobin 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0155 0.0000 0.0013Bay Anchovy 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0100 0.0000 0.0000 0.0038 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0011Atlantic Moonfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0047 0.0079 0.0000 0.0010Rainbow Smelt 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0068 0.0006Fourspot Flounder 0.0067 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0006American Shad 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0039 0.0003Butterfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0039 0.0003Striped Cusk-eel 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0039 0.0003Gizzard Shad 0.0039 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003Little Skate 0.0000 0.0038 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003Red Hake 0.0000 0.0038 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003Largemouth Bass 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0038 0.0003Striped Killifish 0.0000 0.0038 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0003Black Sea Bass 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0031 0.0003Black Crappie 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0031 0.0003Table 3. Mean numbers of fish impinged per million gallons of through-plant flow, Manchester Street Station, January -December, 2005.Species Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec MeanAtlantic Menhaden 266.7750 43.3299 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0473 255.6805 2.8281 627.1177 17.2055 0.0000 101.0820Atlantic Herring 0.1150 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 267.7883 780.1928 0.0768 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 87.3477Winter Flounder 23.9413 41.0309 109.9073 5.2803 2.8075 0.6601 6.6245 14.2218 1.8802 0.6943 0.3034 0.6351 17.3322Atlantic Silverside 5.5234 37.9303 0.2029 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.2746 0.1212 0.0445 0.0897 0.6876 3.7395Silver Hake 0.9920 13.5641 0.2897 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0770 1.2436Atlantic Tomcod 0.9364 0.2058 0.6201 0.8115 0.4985 0.1056 0.2776 3.1473 0.1191 0.0000 0.1111 0.7981 0.6359Cunner 0.1392 0.0413 0.0424 0.1869 0.6698 0.4322 0.0748 3.2914 1.0734 0.8692 0.3886 0.1540 0.6136Tautog 0.1150 0.3700 0.3032 0.1522 0.2224 0.1464 0.0473 0.5095 0.9981 1.1249 0.4199 0.4205 0.4025White Perch 0.0383 0.2450 3.5404 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0405 0.0000 0.0000 0.0816 0.3288Alewife 0.1533 0.1624 0.0000 0.0000 0.1108 0.0000 0.0000 0.0393 0.1214 0.0445 0.0299 2.0633 0.2271Weakfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.1298 0.1200 0.1122 0.6039 0.6267 0.1327Bluefish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1.3675 0.0000 0.0000 0.0403 0.0000 0.0000 0.0362 0.1203Bluegill 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.4837 0.0338 0.0718 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.2882 0.2138 0.0000 0.0910Grubby 0.0383 0.1502 0.4765 0.2462 0.0554 0.0346 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0834Windowpane 0.0383 0.0000 0.2028 0.1884 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0393 0.3917 0.0000 0.0000 0.0400 0.0750Oyster Toadfish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0554 0.1713 0.0834 0.0786 0.0805 0.0858 0.1227 0.1216 0.0666Threespine Stickleback 0.0000 0.3966 0.2473 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0537Mummichog 0.0000 0.0000 0.0395 0.2946 0.0000 0.0684 0.0374 0.0588 0.0000 0.0000 0.0460 0.0816 0.0522Striped Searobin 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.2357 0.0000 0.0445 0.0468 0.1924 0.0433Smallmouth Flounder 0.2300 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.1224 0.0294Largemouth Bass 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.3448 0.0000 0.0000 0.0287Northern Pipefish 0.0383 0.0000 0.0763 0.0457 0.0372 0.0000 0.0000 0.0393 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0808 0.0265American Eel 0.0383 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0393 0.0386 0.0000 0.1525 0.0400 0.0257Summer Flounder 0.0000 0.0690 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0692 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0758 0.0000 0.0762 0.0242Rainbow Smelt 0.1839 0.0406 0.0369 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0218Hogchoker 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0998 0.0000 0.1174 0.0413 0.0000 0.0000 0.0215Butterfish 0.0383 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.1230 0.0000 0.0000 0.0352 0.0362 0.0194Golden Shiner 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.2235 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0186American Shad 0.0000 0.0406 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.1410 0.0408 0.0185Gizzard Shad 0.0625 0.0406 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0345 0.0000 0.0000 0.0115Black Crappie 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.1034 0.0299 0.0000 0.0111Black Sea Bass 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0352 0.0816 0.0097Striped Killifish 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0390 0.0000 0.0299 0.0408 0.0091Little Skate 0.0625 0.0000 0.0000 0.0457 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0090Scup 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0786 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0065Yellow Perch 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0593 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0049Atlantic Cod 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0554 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0046Crevalle Jack 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0460 0.0000 0.0038Lookdown 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0460 0.0000 0.0038Blueback Herring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0457 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0038Common Carp 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0413 0.0000 0.0000 0.0034Lumpfish 0.0000 0.0413 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0034Pumpkinseed 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0413 0.0000 0.0000 0.0034Conger Eel 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0408 0.0034Striped Bass 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0408 0.0034Fourspot Flounder 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0373 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0031