# Patent

## Title
Electronic battery tester or charger with databus connection

## Abstract

Vehicle maintenance circuitry for use with a storage battery, and/or electrical system of a vehicle includes an electrical connector configured to electrically couple to the vehicle. OBD communication circuitry is configured to couple to an OBD databus of a vehicle. The operation of the vehicle maintenance circuitry is a function of communication on the OBD databus.

## Background
The present application is a Continuation-In-Part of U.S. Ser. No. 11/063,247, filed Feb. 22, 2005 which is a Continuation-In-Part of U.S. Ser. No. 10/958,812, filed Oct. 5, 2004, which is a Continuation-In-Part of U.S. Ser. No. 10/460,749, filed Jun. 12, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,967,484, which is a Continuation-In-Part of U.S. Ser. No. 10/280,186, filed Oct. 25, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,759,849, which is a Continuation-In-Part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/816,768, filed Mar. 23, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,586,941, which claims the benefit of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 60/192,222, filed Mar. 27, 2000, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to battery chargers and/or testers of the type used to test and/or charge storage batteries. More specifically, the present invention relates to such devices capable of interfacing with other types of equipment.
Various types of battery testers and charging equipment are known in the art. Examples of various battery testers, chargers and monitors are forth in U.S. Pat. No. 3,873,911, issued Mar. 25, 1975, to Champlin; U.S. Pat. No. 3,909,708, issued Sep. 30, 1975, to Champlin; U.S. Pat. No. 4,816,768, issued Mar. 28, 1989, to Champlin; U.S. Pat. No. 4,825,170, issued Apr. 25, 1989, to Champlin; U.S. Pat. No. 4,881,038, issued Nov. 14, 1989, to Champlin; U.S. Pat. No. 4,912,416, issued Mar. 27, 1990, to Champlin; U.S. Pat. No. 5,140,269, issued Aug. 18, 1992, to Champlin; U.S. Pat. No. 5,343,380, issued Aug. 30, 1994; U.S. Pat. No. 5,572,136, issued Nov. 5, 1996; U.S. Pat. No. 5,574,355, issued Nov. 12, 1996; U.S. Pat. No. 5,583,416, issued Dec. 10, 1996; U.S. Pat. No. 5,585,728, issued Dec. 17, 1996; U.S. Pat. No. 5,589,757, issued Dec. 31, 1996; U.S. Pat. No. 5,592,093, issued Jan. 7, 1997; U.S. Pat. No. 5,598,098, issued Jan. 28, 1997; U.S. Pat. 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No. 7,319,304, issued Jan. 15, 2008; U.S. Ser. No. 09/780,146, filed Feb. 9, 2001, entitled STORAGE BATTERY WITH INTEGRAL BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 09/756,638, filed Jan. 8, 2001, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING BATTERY PROPERTIES FROM COMPLEX IMPEDANCE/ADMITTANCE; U.S. Ser. No. 09/862,783, filed May 21, 2001, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TESTING CELLS AND BATTERIES EMBEDDED IN SERIES/PARALLEL SYSTEMS; U.S. Ser. No. 09/880,473, filed Jun. 13, 2001; entitled BATTERY TEST MODULE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/042,451, filed Jan. 8, 2002, entitled BATTERY CHARGE CONTROL DEVICE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/109,734, filed Mar. 28, 2002, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR COUNTERACTING SELF DISCHARGE IN A STORAGE BATTERY; U.S. Ser. No. 10/112,998, filed Mar. 29, 2002, entitled BATTERY TESTER WITH BATTERY REPLACEMENT OUTPUT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/263,473, filed Oct. 2, 2002, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH RELATIVE TEST OUTPUT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/310,385, filed Dec. 5, 2002, entitled BATTERY TEST MODULE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/462,323, filed Jun. 16, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER HAVING A USER INTERFACE TO CONFIGURE A PRINTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/653,342, filed Sep. 2, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER CONFIGURED TO PREDICT A LOAD TEST RESULT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/441,271, filed May 19, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 09/653,963, filed Sep. 1, 2000, entitled SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING POWER GENERATION AND STORAGE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/174,110, filed Jun. 18, 2002, entitled DAYTIME RUNNING LIGHT CONTROL USING AN INTELLIGENT POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM; U.S. Ser. No. 10/258,441, filed Apr. 9, 2003, entitled CURRENT MEASURING CIRCUIT SUITED FOR BATTERIES; U.S. Ser. No. 10/681,666, filed Oct. 8, 2003, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH PROBE LIGHT; U.S. Ser. No. 10/783,682, filed Feb. 20, 2004, entitled REPLACEABLE CLAMP FOR ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/791,141, filed Mar. 2, 2004, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUDITING A BATTERY TEST; U.S. Ser. No. 10/867,385, filed Jun. 14, 2004, entitled ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE; U.S. Ser. No. 10/896,834, filed Jul. 22, 2004, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 10/958,821, filed Oct. 5, 2004, entitled IN-VEHICLE BATTERY MONITOR; U.S. Ser. No. 10/958,812, filed Oct. 5, 2004, entitled SCAN TOOL FOR ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 11/008,456, filed Dec. 9, 2004, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PREDICTING BATTERY CAPACITY AND FITNESS FOR SERVICE FROM A BATTERY DYNAMIC PARAMETER AND A RECOVERY VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL, U.S. Ser. No. 60/587,232, filed Dec. 14, 2004, entitled CELLTRON ULTRA, U.S. Ser. No. 11/018,785, filed Dec. 21, 2004, entitled WIRELESS BATTERY MONITOR; U.S. Ser. No. 60/653,537, filed Feb. 16, 2005, entitled CUSTOMER MANAGED WARRANTY CODE; U.S. Ser. No. 11/063,247, filed Feb. 22, 2005, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER OR CHARGER WITH DATABUS CONNECTION; U.S. Ser. No. 60/665,070, filed Mar. 24, 2005, entitled OHMMETER PROTECTION CIRCUIT; U.S. Ser. No. 11/141,234, filed May 31, 2005, entitled BATTERY TESTER CAPABLE OF IDENTIFYING FAULTY BATTERY POST ADAPTERS; U.S. Ser. No. 11/143,828, filed Jun. 2, 2005, entitled BATTERY TEST MODULE; U.S. Ser. No. 11/146,608, filed Jun. 7, 2005, entitled SCAN TOOL FOR ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 60,694,199, filed Jun. 27, 2005, entitled GEL BATTERY CONDUCTANCE COMPENSATION; U.S. Ser. No. 11/178,550, filed Jul. 11, 2005, entitled WIRELESS BATTERY TESTER/CHARGER; U.S. Ser. No. 60/705,389, filed Aug. 4, 2005, entitled PORTABLE TOOL THEFT PREVENTION SYSTEM, U.S. Ser. No. 11/207,419, filed Aug. 19, 2005, entitled SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATICALLY GATHERING BATTERY INFORMATION FOR USE DURING BATTERY TESTER/CHARGING, U.S. Ser. No. 60/712,322, filed Aug. 29, 2005, entitled AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE, U.S. Ser. No. 60/713,168, filed Aug. 31, 2005, entitled LOAD TESTER SIMULATION WITH DISCHARGE COMPENSATION, U.S. Ser. No. 60/731,881, filed Oct. 31, 2005, entitled PLUG-IN FEATURES FOR BATTERY TESTERS; U.S. Ser. No. 60/731,887, filed Oct. 31, 2005, entitled AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE; U.S. Ser. No. 11/304,004, filed Dec. 14, 2005, entitled BATTERY TESTER THAT CALCULATES ITS OWN REFERENCE VALUES; U.S. Ser. No. 60/751,853, filed Dec. 20, 2005, entitled BATTERY MONITORING SYSTEM; U.S. Ser. No. 11/304,004, filed Dec. 14, 2005, entitled BATTERY TESTER WITH CALCULATES ITS OWN REFERENCE VALUES; U.S. Ser. No. 60/751,853, filed Dec. 20, 2005, entitled BATTERY MONITORING SYSTEM; U.S. Ser. No. 11/352,945, filed Feb. 13, 2006, entitled BATTERY TESTERS WITH SECONDARY FUNCTIONALITY; U.S. Ser. No. 11/356,299, filed Feb. 16, 2006, entitled CENTRALLY MONITORED SALES OF STORAGE BATTERIES; U.S. Ser. No. 11/356,443, filed Feb. 16, 2006, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER WITH NETWORK COMMUNICATION; U.S. Ser. No. 11/498,703, filed Aug. 3, 2006, entitled THEFT PREVENTION DEVICE FOR AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE SERVICE CENTERS; U.S. Ser. No. 11/507,157, filed Aug. 21, 2006, entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR SIMULATING A BATTERY TESTER WITH A FIXED RESISTANCE LOAD; U.S. Ser. No. 11/511,872, filed Aug. 29, 2006, entitled AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE; U.S. Ser. No. 11/519,481, filed Sep. 12, 2006, entitled BROAD-BAND LOW-CONDUCTANCE CABLES FOR MAKING KELVIN CONNECTIONS TO ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS AND BATTERIES; U.S. Ser. No. 60/847,064, filed Sep. 25, 2006, entitled STATIONARY BATTERY MONITORING ALGORITHMS; U.S. Ser. No. 11/638,771, filed Dec. 14, 2006, entitled BATTERY MONITORING SYSTEM; U.S. Ser. No. 11/641,594, filed Dec. 19, 2006, entitled METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING A PARAMETER OF A VEHICLE ELECTRONIC SYSTEM; U.S. Ser. No. 11/711,356, filed Feb. 27, 2007, entitled BATTERY TESTER WITH PROMOTION FEATURE; U.S. Ser. No. 11/811,528, filed Jun. 11, 2007, entitled ALTERNATOR TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 60/950,182, filed Jul. 17, 2007, entitled BATTERY TESTER FOR HYBRID VEHICLE; U.S. Ser. No. 60/973,879, filed Sep. 20, 2007, entitled ELECTRONIC BATTERY TESTER FOR TESTING STATIONARY BATTERIES; U.S. Ser. No. 11/931,907, filed Oct. 31, 2007, entitled BATTERY MAINTENANCE WITH PROBE LIGHT; U.S. Ser. No. 60/992,798, filed Dec. 6, 2007, entitled STORAGE BATTERY AND BATTERY TESTER; U.S. Ser. No. 12/099,826, filed Apr. 9, 2008, entitled BATTERY RUN DOWN INDICATOR; U.S. Ser. No. 61/061,848, filed Jun. 16, 2008, entitled KELVIN CLAMP FOR ELECTRONICALLY COUPLING TO A BATTERY CONTACT; which are incorporated herein in their entirety.
In general, battery testing and charging techniques have tended to use a single, integrated stand-alone unit.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An electronic system or maintenance or diagnostic device for testing or charging a storage battery or electrical system of a vehicle is provided. Circuitry couples to the electrical system of the vehicle and is configured to perform maintenance on the system. Data is communicated wirelessly.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram showing battery test or charge circuitry coupled to an on-board databus of the vehicle.
FIG. 2A is a simplified block diagram showing circuitry of FIG. 1 configured as a battery tester.
FIG. 2B is a simplified block diagram showing circuitry of FIG. 1 configured as a battery charger.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a coupling between circuitry of FIG. 1 and the on-board databus of the vehicle.
FIG. 4 is a simplified block diagram of a wireless OBD connector.
FIG. 5 is a simplified block diagram of a wireless Kelvin connector.
FIG. 6 is a simplified block diagram of a wireless current sensor.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Typically, vehicle maintenance equipment such as battery testers or battery chargers have been stand-alone units. The present invention provides a vehicle maintenance device 10 which may comprise a diagnostic device, battery charger, battery tester, etc., such as that illustrated in FIG. 1 which includes a databus 12 for coupling to external circuitry 14. Element 10 can comprise, for example, a battery test circuitry, battery charge circuitry, or a combination of both. Circuitry 14 is the internal circuitry of a vehicle 15 coupled together through an OBD (On-Board Diagnostics) databus. Circuitry 10 is configured to couple to storage battery 16 through electrical connectors 18 to perform a battery test on battery 16 or to charge battery 16. Connectors 18 can be, for example, Kelvin type connectors. When configured as a tester, circuitry 10 can obtain a dynamic parameter of the battery using an AC forcing function. Examples include dynamic conductance, resistance, admittance, impedance, their combinations, or others. However, any type of battery test can be performed including battery testing which involves application of large or small loads, or application of large currents or voltages such as through a charger, simple voltage measurements, etc. In one embodiment, the battery tester 10 is permanently mounted in a automotive vehicle such as the type of vehicle that uses a internal combustion engine, electric engine, or a hybrid.
In another configuration, circuitry 10 comprises a battery charger and is configured to charge battery 16 through electrical connections 18. Further, in some configurations, circuitry 10 includes both testing and charging functionality. These functions can operate independently or, in some configurations, can be configured to operate together.
Databus 12 is used to exchange information with external circuitry 14 of vehicle 15. Such information includes, for example, raw data measurements and conclusions of battery tester 10, and inputs, such as user inputs, or any information related to vehicle 15 or other information available on bus 12, along with other sensor inputs into battery tester 10. Further, external circuitry 14 can control or communicate battery tester 10 through databus 12 and provide information such as a battery rating to 10 for use in performing a battery test or charging battery 16. Databus 12 can be a proprietary databus or can be in accordance with known standards such as RS232, CAN, ISA, PCI, PCMCIA, etc. In a specific embodiment, databus 12 is in accordance with an OBD communication protocol.
The circuitry 10 acquires information through bus 12 or monitors the flow of information on a databus of the vehicle. The circuit 10 can obtain information related to battery type, battery rating, charge history, etc. Additionally, if the vehicle contains an internal battery tester, information regarding battery tests or battery measurements can be obtained or monitored through bus 12. In such an embodiment, test circuit 10 does not need to perform a battery test itself, or couple to the battery.
FIGS. 2A and 2B is a more detailed block diagram of circuitry 10. In FIG. 2A, circuitry 10 is configured to operate as a battery tester and includes a forcing function 40 and an amplifier 42 coupled to connectors 18. Connectors 18 are shown as Kelvin connections. The forcing function 40 can be any type of signal which has a time varying component including a transient signal. The forcing function can be through application of a load or by applying an active signal to battery 16. A response signal is sensed by amplifier 42 and provided to analog to digital converter 44 which couples to microprocessor 46. Microprocessor 46 operates in accordance with instructions stored in memory 48. Input/output (I/O) 52 is provided for coupling to the databus 12. I/O 102 can be in accordance with the desired standard or protocol as described herein. Another input/output block 50 can be used, for example, for communicating with an operator and can comprise a display and an input such as a keypad or the like.
In the illustrated embodiment, microprocessor 46 is configured to measure a dynamic parameter based upon the forcing function 40. This dynamic parameter can be correlated with battery condition as set forth in the above-mentioned Champlin and Midtronics, Inc. patents. However, other types of battery tests circuitry can be used in the present invention and certain aspects of the invention should not be limited to the specific embodiment illustrated herein. Although a microprocessor 46 is shown, other types of computational or other circuitry can be used to collect and place data into memory 48.
FIG. 2B is another simplified block diagram showing circuitry 10 configured as a battery charger. In such a configuration, the microprocessor 46 couples to a digital to analog converter 60 which is used to control a power source 62. Power source 62 couples to battery 16 through connections 18. Although a digital to analog converter 60 is illustrated as controlling a power source 62, other types of control can be used, for example, a simple switch, or other control mechanisms. The power source 62 can operate in accordance with any charging technique and may includes an internal power supply for charging the battery, or can be configured to couple to an external power source. One common external power source is simply the standard 120 volt, or 240 volt outlet power available in most settings. The power supply can also be used to power other aspects of circuitry 10. In one configuration the charger is separate from vehicle 15 and is not powered by an engine in the vehicle.
FIG. 3 is a simplified block diagram showing an example configuration of battery tester/charger 10 in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, circuitry 10 is shown coupled to storage battery 16 through connections 18. As discussed above, this may comprise, for example, Kelvin connections. Circuitry 10 includes tester or charge circuitry 100. The circuitry 100 can be in accordance with any battery tester measurement or charging technique including those discussed above. The circuitry 100 may, in some configurations, include a microprocessor or other digital controller.
Circuitry 100 is configured to couple to battery 16 through electrical connectors 18. The circuitry 100 receives information from OBD communication circuitry 52. OBD communication circuitry 52 communicates through an OBD connector 54. The OBD communication circuitry 52 is configured to operate in accordance with OBD communication standards, such as, for example, J1850 PWM, J1850 VPW and/or ISO9141/14230. OBD communication circuitry 52 communicates in accordance with an OBD communication standard over databus 12 through OBD connector 54. OBD connector 54 is configured to be a standard OBD connection of the type used in automotive vehicles, for example in accordance with the standard J1962 connector. In various embodiments, circuitry within device 10 is powered by power received from battery 16, from an internal power source within device 10, and/or from power received from an external source.
The connector 54 includes 16 electrical “pins” or connectors and is configured to receive and electrically couple to an OBD plug 64 of vehicle 15. Circuitry 52 operates in accordance with OBD communication protocols for use in querying and communicating with the electrical system of automotive vehicles.
During operation as a battery tester, circuitry 10 performs a battery test on the storage battery 16. In accordance with the present invention, the battery tester receives information from the databus of the vehicle over the OBD connection. The data can be used as part of the battery test such that the battery test output is a function of the data, or can be used in addition to the battery test itself. In one aspect, any type of data which is available over the on-board databus of a vehicle. Specific examples include obtaining information regarding the age of the vehicle, battery specifications, number of times that the engine of the vehicle has been started, number of times that the battery has been disconnected, the size of the alternator, and the electrical options on a vehicle. Further, diagnostic information can be provided by the on-board databus including information related to the state of charge of the battery, the current draw from the battery, or the current draw of specific components of the electrical system, the starter voltage, etc. The information can be used to diagnose operation of the vehicle electrical system to assist in the battery test, or to assist in charging the battery. Some types of on-board databuses used in vehicles can contain a significant amount of information and data collected and generated based upon operation of the vehicle and subsystems thereof. This information can also be used by the circuitry 10.
In addition to receiving information from the databus, with the present invention, the on-board databus of the vehicle can be used to control operation of the vehicle. For example, operation of the engine can be controlled (such as engine speed), various loads within the vehicle can be turned on or off, the alternator set point can be controlled, starting of the vehicle can be inhibited, etc. This can also be used in configuration with testing or charging.
Newer types of vehicles include all electrical vehicles and hybrid vehicles which use a combination of both battery and internal combustion engines. In such vehicles, it can be difficult to directly test individual batteries of the vehicle. However, by using the ability of the present invention to access the on-board databus of the vehicle, additional information can be obtained during testing and/or charging of the batteries within the vehicle. For example, loads within the vehicle can be controlled, various voltages within the vehicle can be monitored, etc. In configurations in which the circuitry of the present invention is used to charge the battery, the on-board databus can be used to monitor the vehicle while the battery is being charged. For example, the databus can be used to obtain voltage (such as individual batteries or groups of batteries), or other information, from the vehicle as the vehicle undergoes charging.
When the circuitry of the present invention is configured as a charger, all of the information and control discussed above can be used in combination with charging of the vehicle. In some configurations, this can be used to provide feedback to the charging circuitry so that the charging can be controlled or terminated as desired.
With the present invention, any information which is available from the onboard databus can be used in conjunction with testing and/or charging. For example, information regarding the vehicle such as a vehicle identification number (VIN), battery type, battery voltage during start, vehicle age, engine size, and other information. The connection to the OBD can be used to control idle speed of the engine, turn on loads of the vehicle and to further automate aspects of the testing. Engine speed can also be read from the OBD connection. In some configurations, the circuitry is configured to test other aspects of the vehicle such as the alternator. The onboard OBD connection to the vehicle can be used to control aspects of the vehicle for alternator testing. Trouble codes within the vehicle system can be set using the OBD connection. For example, if a high rate of charging is detected, a trouble code can be set accordingly. In some vehicles, the connection to the OBD of the vehicle can be used to reset trouble codes. For example, the occurrence of a successful charge of the battery can be used to reset a trouble code. In some vehicles, various temperatures can be obtained from the onboard databus. This temperature information can also be used in conjunction with testing or charging. Engine hours, key off statistics, alternator current output and other information can be made available.
In some types of hybrid vehicles that contain multiple batteries, the on-board databus can be used to access intermediary voltages within a string of batteries. This information can be used by the present invention to, for example, detect imbalances in the voltages which may occur during charging. Such an imbalance can be indicative of a failing battery within the string.
The present invention provides a battery test, electrical system test and/or battery charger for use with vehicles, including hybrid vehicles. The circuitry of the present invention couples to the on-board databus of a vehicle and uses information from the databus, or controls aspects of the vehicle through the databus, in conjunction with the testing or charging. In some aspects, the test or charge is a function of information retrieved from the on-board databus. In other aspects, the test or charge controls operation of components of the vehicle using the connection of the vehicle through the on-board databus.
Although the various connections between components shown here are illustrated as being wired connections, the invention is also applicable with wireless connections such as using radiofrequency (RF), infrared (IR), inductive coupling or through other wireless techniques. By providing the circuitry with access to the on board database of the vehicle, additional information can be garnered regarding operation of the vehicle and, in some configurations, operation of the vehicle can be controlled or otherwise configured. For example, the OBD communication circuitry 52, the test/charge circuitry 100 or other circuitry can be wirelessly coupled together. In such a configuration, circuitry 52 can be embodied in an OBD or databus connector having an OBD plug 54 can be configured to connect to the OBD databus of the vehicle and wirelessly transmit information to diagnostic/maintenance circuitry 10. FIG. 4 shows one example configuration in which OBD communication circuitry includes OBD I/O circuit 110 which couples to wireless I/O circuitry 112. Power supply circuitry 116 is provided and may comprise, for example, a battery or other power storage device or may be configured to receive power from the vehicle 15, for example, over the OBD databus 12. A wireless communication signal 114 is used to exchange data between OBD communication circuitry 52 and test/charge circuitry 100. Additionally, an I/O circuitry 120 is illustrated in FIG. 4. This can comprise, for example, a local I/O, such as a display or other visible output for use by an operator and/or an input such as one or more buttons or the like. In such a configuration, test information can be displayed locally to the operator, or the operator can control operation of the OBD communication circuitry 52. In some embodiments, a microprocessor is included in OBD communication circuitry 52, for example, within OBD I/O circuitry 110. In such a configuration, OBD circuitry 110 also includes a memory and other supporting electronics as needed. In one configuration, the battery test is performed using data retrieved from the OBD communication circuitry related to voltage(s) and/or current(s) of the vehicle electrical system. This information may be collected using sensor of the vehicle which provide information to the databus of the vehicle. The tester can also be used to instruct an operator to perform various operations with the vehicle such as acceleration, braking, etc. Vehicle operation can be monitored by observing RPM, speed, accelerator position, brake position, etc.
FIG. 5 shows another example configuration of wireless communication between components. In FIG. 5, wireless Kelvin connector 18′ is shown which includes Kelvin connections 18, forcing function 40 and differential amplifier 42. Kelvin connector 18′ wireless I/O circuitry 130 is configured to provide a wireless output 128 based upon the sensed voltage across Kelvin connectors 18. Additionally, wireless communication link 128 can be used to control operation of wireless Kelvin connector 18′. Power supply circuitry 132 is also shown. Power supply circuitry 132 can provide power to wireless Kelvin connector 18′, for example, by obtaining power through the Kelvin connections 18 to the battery, or through an internal battery or other power source. I/O circuitry 150 is also illustrated which is used to provide a local interface to an operator. For example, measurements may be displayed, information related to the coupling between the individual connectors 18 and the battery may be displayed, or an operator may control operation of the wireless amp clamp 18′ or of other test circuitry. An optional microprocessor 134 is also shown in FIG. 5. In such a configuration, microprocessor 134 can operate in accordance with instructions stored in an internal memory and may provide additional data processing or functionality. For example, the data transmitted over wireless communication link 128 may contain information related to the measured Cold Cranking Amps (CCA) of the battery, temperature, or other data.
FIG. 6 shows another example configuration in which a wireless “amp clamp” or current sensor 160 is provided. Wireless current sensor 160 includes a current sensor 162 configured to sense a current I, for example, through a wire 164 of the vehicle 15. The output from current sensor 162 is amplified by amplifier 170 and transmitted wirelessly over a wireless communication link 174 through wireless I/O circuitry 172. Power supply circuitry 176 is used to provide power to wireless current sensor 160 and may include a internal battery for powering the device, for example. An optional microprocessor 178 is provided to control operation of wireless current sensor 160 and may include an internal memory for storing instructions or other information. As discussed above, an input/output 180 can be provided, for example, for allowing local operator interaction with wireless current sensor 160. This may include current measurements, information about the connection between current sensor 162 and wire 164, or be used to provide instructions or control regarding the operation of wireless current sensor 160, for example, causing the device to initiate a test. The various wireless transmissions discussed above may include analog or digital information as desired. The transmissions may be between the device and, for example, a diagnostic circuitry such as battery tester or charger 10.
As discussed above, using the data connection to the databus 12 of vehicle 15, diagnostic circuitry 10 can be used to control operation of various components of the vehicle during testing. For example, the engine, brakes, windows, lights, radio, navigation equipment, heating/cooling equipment, or other components of the vehicle may be controller. Using this feature, various tests and diagnostics on the vehicle 15 can be performed by those known in the art.
The various diagnostics can be integrated with the VIN/identification information for vehicle 15. This can provide information related to acceptable operation of components, parameters related to the battery or other components, etc. The VIN/ID information can be entered manually by an operator or can be retrieved from vehicle 15 over databus 12. Similarly, if vehicle 15 stores information related to operation, this historical information can be retrieved over the databus 12. This can provide an indication regarding a weak battery if the battery has at times failed to start the vehicle or has not been accepting charge. If the circuitry 10 is used for charging the vehicle, the information retrieved from the vehicle can be used to control operation of the charging. For example, the charging can be based upon the particular battery, historical information related to the battery, etc.
The determined diagnostic information can also be provided back to vehicle 15 over databus 12 for storage in a memory of the vehicle or for other purposes. This can be used to store battery test information or other diagnostics whereby subsequent diagnostics may retrieve historical diagnostic information from the vehicle.
Although the present application describes the OBD communication protocol, “OBD” is intended to include OBD II communication protocol as well. Example protocols include ISO and SAE standards. Specific examples include:

    ISO 9141
    ISO 9141-2
    ISO 14230
    ISO14230 1/2/3/4 Keyword Protocol 2000
    ISO11519 1/2/3 Low speed serial data communication
    ISO11898 1/2/3/4 CAN physical layer
    ISO11992 1/2/3 Digital information on electrical connections between towing and towed vehicles
    ISO 15765: 1/2/3/4 Diagnostics on CAN
    SAE J1850 PWM
    SAE J1850 VPW
    SAE J1939: Recommended practice for Truck and Bus control and communication network
    SAE J2561: Bluetooth wireless protocol for automotive application
    SAE J1708: Serial data communication between microcomputer systems in Heavy-Duty Vehicle applications
    SAE J1850: Class B Data communication network for vehicle application
    SAE J2411: Single wire CAN network for vehicle application
    SAE J2610: SCI Communication
    SAE J2602: LIN Network for vehicle applications
    SAE J2284-1: High speed CAN at 125 kbps
    SAE J2284-2: High speed CAN at 250 kbps
    SAE J2284-3: High speed CAN at 500 kbps SAE J2366-1 ITS Databus


Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, workers skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, any type of battery test or battery charge circuitry can be used by battery tester 10. Further, the databus 12 can be in accordance with any databus technique and should not be limited to the examples set forth herein. In various embodiments, vehicle 15 comprises a vehicle having only internal combustion engine, an electric vehicle, or a hybrid vehicle using both electric and combustion power. The circuitry 10 may be separate from the vehicle 15. For example, the circuitry 10 can be embodied in a portable battery tester or charger. In another example, circuitry 10 is implemented in the vehicle itself. As used herein “battery maintenance device” refers generally to element 10 or variations thereof, and comprises a battery tester, a battery charger, or a device which is both a battery tester and a battery charger. Thus, circuitry 10 provides a battery maintenance device and includes generally battery maintenance circuitry such as circuitry 100 shown in FIG. 3. Any type of wireless communication can be employed including RF, optical, IR, sonic or ultrasonic, inductive coupling, magnetic coupling or others.

## Claims

1. A battery maintenance device for use with a storage battery of a vehicle, comprising:
electrical connectors configured to couple to the battery and perform maintenance on the battery;
a databus connector configured to plug into an OBD connector of the vehicle which connects to a databus of the vehicle which carries information related to the vehicle, the databus connector includes wireless I/O circuitry; and
battery maintenance circuitry coupled to the electrical connectors and configured to communicate wirelessly with the databus connector, to perform maintenance on the battery through the electrical connectors and to receive information related to the vehicle from the databus, wherein the maintenance performed on the battery is a function of the information related to the vehicle received from the databus.

2. The device of claim 1 wherein the battery maintenance circuitry is configured to communicate wirelessly using a radio frequency (RF) signal.

3. The device of claim 1 wherein the battery maintenance circuitry is configured to communicate wirelessly using infrared (IR).

4. The device of claim 1 wherein the databus connector includes a power supply.

5. The device of claim 4 wherein the power supply is configured to receive power from the vehicle.

6. The device of claim 1 wherein the electrical connectors comprise electrical connectors within the vehicle coupled to the databus of the vehicle.

7. The device of claim 1 wherein the databus connector is configured to display information to an operator.

8. The device of claim 1 wherein the databus connector includes an input configured to receive an input from an operator.

9. The device of claim 1 wherein the databus connector includes a microprocessor.

10. The device of claim 1 wherein the electrical connectors are configured to couple to the battery comprise a wireless battery connector configured to wirelessly communicate with the battery maintenance circuitry.

11. The device of claim 10 wherein the wireless communication between the battery maintenance circuitry and the battery connector comprises an infrared connection.

12. The device of claim 10 wherein the wireless communication between the battery maintenance circuitry and the battery connector comprises a radio frequency (RF) signal.

13. The device of claim 10 wherein the battery connector includes a power supply configured to provide power to circuitry in the battery connector.

14. The device of claim 13 wherein the power supply is powered from the storage battery.

15. The device of claim 10 wherein the battery connector includes Kelvin connections and is configured to measure a dynamic parameter of the battery.

16. The device of claim 15 wherein the battery connector includes a forcing function configured to apply a signal between the terminals of the battery through the Kelvin connections and a differential amplifier configured to measure a voltage between terminals through the Kelvin connection.

17. The device of claim 10 wherein the battery connector includes a microprocessor.

18. The device of claim 10 wherein the battery connector includes a display configured to display information to an operator.

19. The device of claim 10 wherein the battery connector includes a user input configured to receive an input from an operator.

20. The device of claim 1 including a current sensor configured to sense current flowing through a wire of a vehicle.

21. The device of claim 20 wherein the current sensor is configured to communicate wirelessly with the battery maintenance circuitry.

22. The device of claim 21 wherein the current sensor is configured to communicate through an infrared connection.

23. The device of claim 21 wherein the current sensor is configured to communicate through a radio frequency (RF) signal.

24. The device of claim 20 wherein the current sensor includes a power supply.

25. The device of claim 20 wherein the current sensor includes a microprocessor.

26. The device of claim 20 wherein the current sensor includes a display configured to display information to an operator.

27. The device of claim 20 wherein the current sensor includes a user input configured to receive an input from an operator.

28. The device of claim 1 wherein the battery maintenance circuitry is configured to perform a test on the storage battery of the vehicle.

29. The device of claim 1 wherein the battery maintenance circuitry is configured to charge the storage battery of the vehicle.

30. A method of performing maintenance on a storage battery of a vehicle, comprising:
electrically coupling to the battery with electrical connectors;
coupling a databus connector to an OBD connector of the vehicle which connects to a databus of the vehicle which carries information related to the vehicle;
communicating with battery maintenance circuitry over a wireless communication link between the databus connector and the battery maintenance circuitry; and
performing maintenance on the battery through the electrical connectors and as a function of information received wirelessly from the databus connector coupled to the databus of the vehicle.