Clean Water Act Analytical Methods | CWA Methods | US EPA

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## Water: CWA Methods

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# Clean Water Act Analytical Methods

EPA publishes laboratory analytical methods, or test procedures that are used by industries and municipalities to analyze the chemical, physical and biological components of wastewater and other environmental samples that are required by regulations under the authority of the Clean Water Act (CWA). Most of these methods are published as regulations in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) at Title 40 Part 136. EPA's legal authority to establish test procedures to measure pollutants in Clean Water Act programs

. EPA's Office of Science and Technology manages the CWA methods program, working with EPA Regions, states, and stakeholders. Approved Methods Approved general-purpose methods Approved industry-specific methods Whole Effluent Toxicity Methods Questions and answers

Alternate Test Procedures and Method Flexibility Alternate Test Procedure Program Part 136.6 Flexibility to Modify Methods Questions and answers

Other EPA Methods CWA methods not contained in EPA regulations Other Agency Methods Special Topics Analytic Methods for the Oil and Gas Extraction Point Source Category (PDF) (121 pp, 1.1MB QA/QC Requirements in Methods Not Published by EPA Oil & Grease Measurements Cyanide Measurements Hexavalent Chromium ('Chromium 6') Measurements Mercury Measurements PPCP s Analytical Methods Microbiological Measurements Detection and Quantitation Federal Advisory Committee Effluent Guidelines Toxic and Priority Pollutants Whole Effluent Toxicity

Matrix Effects Solutions to Analytical Chemistry Problems with Clean Water Act Methods (PDF) (62 pp, 458K) is a revision of the 'Pumpkin Book'.

FEM The Forum on Environmental Measurements (FEM) is a standing committee of senior EPA managers that promotes consistency and consensus on measurement issues.

Current Activities Updating CWA Methods: Final Amendments to 40 CFR Part 136 Updating CWA Methods: Proposed Amendments to 40 CFR Part 136 Holding Time Study for Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products, Sterols and Hormones (PDF) (43 pp, 362K) Draft Procedure for Analysis of Perfluorinated Carboxylic Acids and Sulfonic Acids in Sewage Sludge and Biosolids by HPLC/MS/MS (PDF) (55 pp, 770K) Preparing a protocol with which to validate rapid methods for pathogens using qPCR technology Water Home Drinking Water Education & Training Grants & Funding Laws & Regulations Our Waters Pollution Prevention & Control Resources & Performance Science & Technology

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## Water: CWA Methods

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# Approved General-Purpose Methods

The analytical methods promulgated under the authority of Section 304(h) of the Clean Water Act are sometimes referred to as the " 304(h)" or "Part 136" methods . The methods measure chemical and biological pollutants in media, such as wastewater, ambient water, sediment, and biosolids (sewage sludge). These various CWA methods are tested in a variety of labs and matrices. In addition to Part 136 methods, some approved methods are published or incorporated by reference at 40 CFR Parts 401-503, approved industry-specific methods. Approved industry-specific methods Compliance methods specific to pharmaceutical manufacturing and pesticide active ingredients. Other EPA Methods Wastewater methods not contained in EPA regulations

CWA Methods of Interest Approved for use at 40 CFR 136 Number Method Title 120.1 Conductance, Specific Conductance (PDF) (3 pp, 14K) 130.1 Hardness, Total (mg/L as CaCO 3 ), Colorimetric, Automated EDTA (PDF) (4 pp, 34K) 150.2 pH, Electrometric (Continuous Monitoring) (PDF) (4 pp, 18K) 160.4 Residue, Volatile, Gravimetric, Ignition at 550°C (PDF) (2 pp, 12K) 180.1 Determination of Turbidity by Nephelometry Revision 2.0 (PDF) (10 pp, 27K) 200.2 Sample Preparation Procedure for Spectrochemical Determination of Total Recoverable Elements Revision 2.8 (PDF) (12 pp, 38K) 200.5 Determination of Trace Elements in Drinking Water by Axially Viewed Inductively Coupled Plasma - Atomic Emission Spectrometry (PDF) (36 pp, 473K) 200.7 Determination of Metals and Trace Elements in Water and Wastes by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry Revision 4.4 (PDF) (58 pp, 223K) 200.8 Determination of Trace Elements in Water and Wastes by Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry Revision 5.4 (PDF) (57 pp, 316K) 200.9 Determination of Trace Elements by Stabilized Temperature Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Revision 2.2 (PDF) (42 pp, 166K) 206.5 Arsenic, Sample Digestion Prior to Total Arsenic Analysis by Silver Diethyldithiocarbamate or Hydride Procedures (PDF) (2 pp, 11K) 218.6 Determination of Dissolved Hexavalent Chromium in Drinking Water, Groundwater, and Industrial Wastewater Effluents by Ion Chromatography Revision 3.3 (PDF) (10 pp, 33K) 231.2 Gold, Atomic Absorption, Furnace Technique (PDF) (2 pp, 12K) 235.2 Iridium, Atomic Absorption, Furnace Technique (PDF) (2 pp, 12K) 245.1 Determination of Mercury in Water by Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Revision 3.0 (PDF) (18 pp, 119K) 245.2 Mercury, Cold Vapor Technique, Automated (PDF) (6 pp, 55K) 245.7 Mercury in Water by Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry Revision 2.0 (PDF) (33 pp, 195K) Water Home Drinking Water Education & Training Grants & Funding Laws & Regulations Our Waters Pollution Prevention & Control Resources & Performance Science & Technology

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http://water.epa.gov/scitech/methods/cwa/methods_index.cfm [9/5/2012 2:05:50 PM] 252.2 Osmium, Atomic Absorption, Furnace Technique (PDF) (2 pp, 13K) 253.2 Palladium, Atomic Absorption, Furnace Technique (PDF) (2 pp, 13K) 255.2 Platinum, Atomic Absorption, Furnace Technique (PDF) (2 pp, 13K) 265.2 Rhodium, Atomic Absorption, Furnace Technique (PDF) (2 pp, 13K) 267.2 Ruthenium, Atomic Absorption, Furnace Technique (PDF) (2 pp, 13K) 279.2 Thallium, Atomic Absorption, Furnace Technique (PDF) (3 pp, 18K) 283.2 Titanium, Atomic Absorption, Furnace Technique (PDF) (2 pp, 13K) 289.2 Zinc, Atomic Absorption, Furnace Technique (PDF) (3 pp, 18K) 300.0 Determination of Inorganic Anions by Ion Chromatography Revision 2.1 (PDF) (28 pp, 74K) 300.1 Determination of Inorganic Anions in Drinking Water by Ion Chromatography Revision 1.0 (PDF) (40 pp, 398K) 310.2 Alkalinity, Colorimetric, Automated Methyl Orange (PDF) (4 pp, 28K) 335.4 Determination of Total Cyanide by Semi-Automated Colorimetry Revision 1.0 (PDF) (16 pp, 147K) 350.1 Determination of Ammonia Nitrogen by Semi-Automated Colorimetry Revision 2.0 (PDF) (15 pp, 180K) 351.1 Nitrogen, Kjeldahl, Total, Colorimetric, Automated Phenate (PDF) (7 pp, 83K) 351.2 Determination of Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen by Semi-Automated Colorimetry Revision 2.0 (PDF) (15 pp, 180K) 352.1 Nitrate, Colorimetric, Brucine (PDF) (4 pp, 18K) 353.2 Determination of Nitrate-Nitrite by Automated Colorimetry Revision 2.0 (PDF) (14 pp, 153K) 365.1 Determination of Phosphorus by Semi-Automated Colorimetry Revision 2.0 (PDF) (17 pp, 355K) 365.3 Phosphorus, All Forms, Colorimetric, Ascorbic Acid, Two Reagent (PDF) (4 pp, 17K) 365.4 Phosphorus, Total, Colorimetric, Automated, Block Digester, Automated Analyzer II (PDF) (5 pp, 58K) 375.2 Determination of Sulfate by Automated Colorimetry Revision 2.0 (PDF) (13 pp, 220K) 410.3 Chemical Oxygen Demand, Titrimetric, High-Level for Saline Waters (PDF) (3 pp, 26K) 410.4 Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand by Semi-Automated Colorimetry Revision 2.0 (PDF) (12 pp, 139K) 420.1 Phenolics, Total Recoverable, Spectrophotometric, Manual 4-AAP With Distillation (PDF) (4 pp, 18K) 420.4 Determination of Total Recoverable Phenolics by Semi-Automated Colorimetry Revision 1.0 (PDF) (14 pp, 127K) 525.1 Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water by Liquids-Solid Extraction and Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Revision 2.2 (PDF) (40 pp, 444K) 525.2 Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water (PDF) (62 pp, 160K) 601 Purgeable Halocarbons 602 Purgeable Aromatics 603 Acrolein and Acrylonitrile 604 Phenols 605 Benzidines 606 Phthalate Ester 607 Nitrosamines 608 Organochlorine Pesticides and PCBs 608.1 The Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (20 pp, 81K) 608.2 The Determination of Certain Organochlorine Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (18 pp, 79K)Approved General-Purpose Methods | CWA Methods | US EPA

http://water.epa.gov/scitech/methods/cwa/methods_index.cfm [9/5/2012 2:05:50 PM] 609 Nitroaromatics and Isophorone 610 Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons 611 Haloethers 612 Chlorinated Hydrocarbons 613 2,3,7,8-Tetrachloro Dibenzo-p-Dioxin 614 The Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (20 pp, 82K) 614.1 The Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (17 pp, 74K) 615 The Determination of Chlorinated Herbicides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (21 pp, 92K) 617 The Determination of Organohalide Pesticides and PCBs in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (32 pp, 195K) 619 The Determination of Triazine Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (21 pp, 95K) 622 The Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (21 pp, 123K) 622.1 The Determination of Thiophosphate Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (21 pp, 98K) 624 Purgeables 625 Base/Neutrals and Acids 632 The Determination of Carbamate and Urea Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (19 pp, 85K) 900.0 Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Radioactivity in Drinking water (PDF) (9 pp, 53K) 903.0 Alpha-Emitting Radium Isotopes In Drinking Water (PDF) (7 pp, 31K) 903.1 Radium-226 in Drinking Water Radon Emanation Technique (PDF) (11 pp, 83K) 1000.0 Fathead Minnow, Pimephales promelas , Larval Survival and Growth Test Method (PDF) (page 48) (334 pp, 3.3MB) 1001.0 Fathead Minnow, Pimephales promelas , Embryo-larval Survival and Teratogenicity Test Method (PDF) (page 100) (334 pp, 3.3MB) 1002.0 Daphnid, Ceriodaphnia dubia , Survival and Reproduction Test Method (PDF) (page 128) (334 pp, 3.3MB) 1003.0 Green Alga, Selenastrum capricornutum , Growth Test Method (PDF) (page 181) (334 pp, 3.3MB) 1004.0 Sheepshead Minnow, Cryprinodon variegatus , Larval Survival and Growth Test Method (PDF) (page 53) (470 pp, 5.8MB) 1005.0 Sheepshead Minnow, Cryprinodon variegatus , Embryo-larval Survival and Teratogenicity Test Method (PDF) (page 110) (470 pp, 5.8MB) 1006.0 Inland Silverside, Menidia beryllina , Larval Survival and Growth Method (PDF) (page 146) (470 pp, 5.8MB) 1007.0 Mysid, Mysidopsis bahia , Survival, Growth, and Fecundity Test Method (PDF) (page 201) (470 pp, 5.8MB) 1008.0 Sea Urchin, Arbacia punctulata , Fertilization Test Method (PDF) (page 275) (470 pp, 5.8MB) 1103.1 Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) in Water by Membrane Filtration Using membrane-Thermotolerant Escherichia coli Agar (mTEC) 1106.1 Enterococci in Water by Membrane Filtration Using membrane-Enterococcus-Esculin Iron Agar (mE-EIA) 1600 Membrane Filter Test Method for Enterococci in Water 1601 Male-specific (F+) and Somatic Coliphage in Water by Two-step Enrichment Procedure (PDF) (40 pp, 259K) 1602 Male-specific (F+) and Somatic Coliphage in Water by Single Agar Layer (SAL) Procedure (PDF) (38 pp, 207K) 1603 Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) in Water by Membrane Filtration Using Modified membrane-Thermotolerant Escherichia coli Agar (Modified mTEC) 1604 Total Coliforms and Escherichia coli in Water by MembraneFiltration Using a SimultaneousApproved General-Purpose Methods | CWA Methods | US EPA

http://water.epa.gov/scitech/methods/cwa/methods_index.cfm [9/5/2012 2:05:50 PM] EPA Home Privacy and Security Notice Contact Us Last updated on Wednesday, September 05, 2012 DetectionTechnique (MI Medium) (PDF) (18 pp, 384K) 1605 Aeromonas in Finished Water by Membrane Filtration using Ampicillin-Dextrin Agar withVancomycin (ADAV) (PDF) (36 pp, 141K) 1613B Tetra-through Octa-Chlorinated Dioxins and Furans by Isotope Dilution High Resolution Gas Chromatography/High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Revision B 1622 Cryptosporidium in Water by Filtration/ Immunomagnetic Separation/Immunofluorescence Assay Microscopy 1623 Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Water by Filtration/IMS/FA 1624B Volatile Organic Compounds by Isotope Dilution Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Revision B 1625B Semivolatile Organic Compounds by Isotope Dilution Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Revision B 1627 Method 1627: Kinetic Test Method for the Prediction of Mine Drainage Quality (PDF) (37 pp, 650K) 1631E Mercury in Water by Oxidation, Purge and Trap, and Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry Revision E 1664A n -Hexane Extractable Material (HEM; Oil and Grease) and Silica Gel Treated n-Hexane Extractable Material (SGT-HEM; Non-polar Material) by Extraction and Gravimetry Revision A 1664B Method 1664, Revision B: n-Hexane Extractable Material (HEM; Oil and Grease) and Silica Gel Treated nHexane Extractable Material (SGT-HEM; Non-polar Material) by Extraction and Gravimetry (PDF) (35 pp, 495K)OIA1677 Available Cyanide by Flow Injection with Ligand Exchange

1680 Fecal Coliforms in Sewage Sludge (Biosolids) by Multiple-Tube Fermentation using Lauryl Tryptose Broth (LTB) and EC Medium 1681 Fecal Coliforms in Sewage Sludge (Biosolids) by Multiple-Tube Fermentation using A-1 medium 1682 Salmonella in Sewage Sludge (Biosolids) by Modified Semisolid Rappaport-Vassiliadis (MSRV) Medium Top of page [1] There are several series of wastewater methods published under 40 CFR Part 136, including the 200 series, the 600 series, and the 1600 series. In addition to the wastewater methods, there are methods for other environmental media: the 300 series for air (MACT standards), the 500 series for drinking water, and the 8000 series for solid waste. ↩BackApproved Industry-Specific Methods | CWA Methods | US EPA

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## Water: CWA Methods

Approved GeneralPurpose Methods Compliance methods to measure pollutants in various media for many Clean Water Act applications. Other Methods Wastewater methods not contained in EPA regulations.

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# Approved Industry-Specific Methods

In addition to general purposes methods, EPA has approved special purpose analytical methods. These methods were developed to work in samples or for pollutants specific to certain industrial categories. For example, methods specific to the Pharmaceutical Manufacturing and Pesticide Chemicals industrial categories are listed in Tables IF and IG, respectively, at 40 CFR Part 136. Methods specific to other industrial categories are listed or incorporated by reference into the regulations at 40 CFR Parts 401-503. These include methods specific to the Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard category (40 CFR Part 430), and specific to Use or Disposal of Sewage Sludge (biosolids) (at 40 CFR Part 503.) Industry-specific methods that are approved for compliance monitoring in the industry for which they are designated may be used for general use, if the same method is listed in Tables IA to IE, or IH at 40 CFR 136.3. 40 CFR Part 136.3, Table IF specifies methods that may be used at 40 CFR Part 439 (pharmaceutical manufacturing point source category). 40 CFR Part 136.3, Table IG , list methods for use at 40 CFR 455 (pesticide chemical point source category). 

## Methods that may be used under 40 CFR Part 439, pharmaceutical manufacturing point source category This table is derived from Table IF—List of Approved Methods for Pharmaceutical Pollutants

. 40 CFR Part 439 is also available for viewing.

Test Methods for Pharmaceutical Pollutants Number Method Title 502.2 Volatile Organic Compounds in Water by Purge and Trap Capillary Column Gas Chromatography with Photoionization and Electrolytic Conductivity Detectors in Series Revision 2.0 (PDF) (34 pp, 150K) 524.2 Measurement of Purgeable OrganicCompounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Revision 4.0 (PDF) (43 pp, 164K) 551 Determination of Chlorination Disinfection Byproducts and Chlorinated Solvents in Drinking Water by Liquid-LiquidExtraction and Gas Chromatography withElectron Capture Detection (PDF) (32 pp, 106K) 1624C Volatile Organic Compounds by Isotope Dilution Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Revision C (PDF) (32 pp, 106K) 1625C Semivolatile Organic Compounds by Isotope Dilution Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Revision C (PDF) (68 pp, 317K) 1666 Volatile Organic Compounds Specific to the Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry by Isotope Dilution Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (PDF ) (49 pp, 130K) 1667 Formaldehyde, Isobutyraldehyde, and Furfural by Derivatization and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (PDF) (21 pp, 68K) 1671 Volatile Organic Compounds Specific to the Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry by Gas Chromatography/Flame Ionization Detector (PDF) (19 pp, 56K) Water Home Drinking Water Education & Training Grants & Funding Laws & Regulations Our Waters Pollution Prevention & Control Resources & Performance Science & Technology

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## Methods that may be used under 40 CFR 455, pesticide chemical point source category This table is derived from Table IG—Test Methods for Pesticide Active Ingredients

. 40 CFR Part 455 is also available for viewing. Test Methods for Pesticide Active Ingredients Number Method Title 200.7 Determination of Metals and Trace Elements in Water and Wastes by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry Revision 4.4 (PDF) (58 pp, 223K) 200.9 Determination of Trace Elements by Stabilized Temperature Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Revision 2.2 (PDF) (42 pp, 166K) 505 Analysis of Organohalide Pesticides and Commercial Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Products in Water by Microextraction and Gas Chromatography Revision 2.0 (PDF) (33 pp, 282K) 507 Determination of Nitrogen- and Phosphorus-Containing Pesticides in Water by Gas Chromatography with a Nitrogen-Phosphorus Detector Revision 2.0 (PDF) (28 pp, 142K) 508 Determination of Chlorinated Pesticides in Water by Gas Chromatography with an Electron Capture Detector Revision 3.0 (PDF) (28 pp, 215K) 508.1 Determination of Chlorinated Pesticides, Herbicides, and Organohalides by Liquid-Solid Extraction and Electron Capture Gas Chromatography Revision 1.0 (PDF) (28 pp, 189K) 508.1 Determination of Chlorinated Pesticides, Herbicides, and Organohalides by Liquid-Solid Extraction and Electron Capture Gas Chromatography Revision 2.0 (PDF) (36 pp, 216K) 515.1 Determination of Chlorinated Acids in Water by Gas Chromatography with an Electron Capture Detector Revision 4.0 (PDF) (32 pp, 158K) 515.2 Determination of Chlorinated Acids in Water Using Liquid-Solid Extraction and Gas Chromatography with an Electron Capture Detector Revision 1.0 (PDF) (38 pp, 170K) 525.1 Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water by Liquids-Solid Extraction and Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Revision 2.2 (PDF) (40 pp, 444K) 531.1 Measurement of N-Methylcarbamoyloximes and N-Methylcarbamates in Water by Direct Aqueous Injection High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Post Column Derivatization Revision 3.0 (PDF) (22 pp, 114K) 547 Determination of Glyphosate in Drinking Water by Direct-Aqueous-Injection High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Post-Column Derivatization, and Fluorescence Detection (PDF) (16 pp, 57K) 548 Determination of Endothall in Drinking Water by Aqueous Derivatization, Liquid-Solid Extraction, and Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detection (PDF) (19 pp, 103K) 548.1 Determination of Endothall in Drinking Water by Ion Exchange Extraction, Acidic Methanol Methylation and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Revision 1.0 (PDF) (28 pp, 188K) 553 Determination of Benzidines and Nitrogen-Containing Pesticides in Water by Liquid-Liquid Extraction or Liquid-Solid Extraction and Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Particle Beam/Mass Spectrometry Revision 1.1 (PDF) (39 pp, 173K) 555 Determination of Chlorinated Acids in Water by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with a Photodiode Array Ultraviolet Detector Revision 1.0 (PDF) (25 pp, 139K) 608 Organochlorine Pesticides and PCBs 608.1 The Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (20 pp, 81K) 608.2 The Determination of Certain Organochlorine Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (18 pp, 79K) 614 The Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (20 pp, 82K) 614.1 The Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (17 pp, 74K) 615 The Determination of Chlorinated Herbicides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (21 pp, 92K)Approved Industry-Specific Methods | CWA Methods | US EPA

http://water.epa.gov/scitech/methods/cwa/industry.cfm [9/5/2012 2:06:16 PM] EPA Home Privacy and Security Notice Contact Us Last updated on Tuesday, May 22, 2012 617 The Determination of Organohalide Pesticides and PCBs in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (32 pp, 195K) 619 The Determination of Triazine Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (21 pp, 95K) 622 The Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (21 pp, 123K) 622.1 The Determination of Thiophosphate Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (21 pp, 98K) 625 Base/Neutrals and Acids 627 The Determination of Dinitroaniline Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (17 pp, 86K) 629 The Determination of Cyanazine in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (17 pp, 82K) 630 The Determination of Dithiocarbamate Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (13 pp, 42K) 630.1 The Determination of Dithiocarbamates Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (14 pp, 58K) 631 The Determination of Benomyl and Carbendazim in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (16 pp, 77K) 632 The Determination of Carbamate and Urea Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (19 pp, 85K) 632.1 The Determination of Carbamate and Amide Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (13 pp, 67K) 633 The Determination of Organonitrogen Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (18 pp, 82K) 633.1 The Determination of Neutral Nitrogen-Containing Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewaters (PDF) (20 pp, 97K) 637 The Determination of MBTS and TCMTB in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (18 pp, 92K) 645 The Determination of Certain Amine Pesticides and Lethane in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (18 pp, 84K) 1625B Semivolatile Organic Compounds by Isotope Dilution Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Revision B 1625C Semivolatile Organic Compounds by Isotope Dilution Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Revision C (PDF) (68 pp, 317K) 1656 The Determination of Organohalide Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (43 pp, 145K) 1657 The Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (39 pp, 178K) 1658 The Determination of Phenoxy-Acid Herbicides in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (36 pp, 175K) 1659 The Determination of Dazomet in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (17 pp, 61K) 1660 The Determination of Pyrethrins and Pyrethroids in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (18 pp, 54K) 1661 The Determination of Bromoxynil in Municipal and Industrial Wastewater (PDF) (15 pp, 48K) Top of PageWhole Effluent Toxicity | Whole Effluent Toxicity | US EPA

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## Water: Whole Effluent Toxicity

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# Whole Effluent Toxicity

Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) refers to the aggregate toxic effect to aquatic organisms from all pollutants contained in a facility's wastewater (effluent). It is one way we implement the Clean Water Act's prohibition of the discharge of toxic pollutants in toxic amounts. WET tests measure wastewater's effects on specific test organisms' ability to survive, grow and reproduce. The WET methods listed below are specified at 40 CFR 136.3, Table IA . WET test methods consist of exposing living aquatic organisms (plants, vertebrates and invertebrates) to various concentrations of a sample of wastewater, usually from a facility's effluent stream. WET tests are used by the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permitting authority to determine whether a facility's permit will need WET requirements. At the end of 2004, EPA released a draft of the National Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) Implementation Guidance Under the NPDES Program (PDF) (109 pp, 1.1MB) . (The public docket for this guidance can be found at: Regulations.gov (EPAHQ-OW-2004-0037).

WET methods & manuals Updates to these manuals (PDF) (1 pp, 61K) Regulatory actions Guidance Documents 

# WET Methods and Manuals Methods for Measuring Acute Toxicity to Freshwater and Marine Organisms

Freshwater

2002.0 Ceriodaphnia dubia acute. 2021.0 Daphnia puplex and Daphnia magna acute. 2000.0 Fathead Minnow, Pimephales promelas , and Bannerfin shiner, Cyprinella leedsi , acute. 2019.0 Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss , and brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis , acute. Marine

2007.0 Mysid, Americamysis bahia , acute. 2004.0 Sheepshead Minnow, Cyprinodon variegatus , acute. 2006.0 Silverside, Menidia beryllina , Menidia menidia , and Menidia peninsulae , acute. Short-term Methods for Estimating Chronic Toxicity to Freshwater Organisms 1000.0 Fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas , larval survival and growth. 1001.0 Fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas , embryo-larval survival and teratogenicity 1002.0 Daphnia, Ceriodaphnia dubia , survival and reproduction 1003.0 Green alga, Selenastrum capricornutum , growth. Short-term Methods for Estimating Chronic Toxicity to Marine and Estuarine Organisms 1004.0 Sheepshead minnow, Cyprinodon variegatus , larval survival and growth. 1005.0 Sheepshead minnow, Cyprinodon variegatus , embryo-larval survival and teratogenicity. 1006.0 Inland silverside, Menidia beryllina , larval survival and growth. 1007.0 Mysid, Americamysis bahia , survival, growth,and fecundity. 1008.0 Sea urchin, Arbacia punctulata , fertilization. Top of page Water Home Drinking Water Education & Training Grants & Funding Laws & Regulations Our Waters Pollution Prevention & Control Resources & Performance Science & Technology

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# Regulatory Actions 2002 Final Rule Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures for the Analysis of Pollutants; Whole Effluent Toxicity Test Methods; Final Rule Fact Sheet (PDF) about the final rule (1 pp, 66K) Final rule published in the Federal Register | Print version (PDF) (22 pp, 178K) (November 19, 2002) 

## Proposed Rule Fact Sheet about the proposed rule Proposed rule published in the Federal Register (September 28, 2001) Proposed changes to whole effluent toxicity method manuals (PDF) (110 pp, 353K) 

## 1995 Final Rule Final Rule published in the Federal Register to add Whole Effluent Toxicity Methods to the list at 40 CFR 136.3 (Tables 1A and II) (October 16, 1995) Top of page 

# Guidance Documents Final Report: Interlaboratory Variability Study of EPA Short-term Chronic and Acute Whole Effluent Toxicity Test Methods: Study, Volume 1 (PDF) (174 pp, 743K) Study, Volume 2: Appendix (PDF) (211 pp, 1.7MB) Method Guidance and Recommendations for Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) Testing (40 CFR Part 136) (PDF) (60 pp, 184K) (July 2000) Includes specific technical guidance on nominal error rate adjustments, confidence intervals, concentration-response relationships, dilutions series selection, and dilution water. FR Notice of Data Availability (July 28, 2000). Understanding and Accounting for Method Variability in Whole Effluent Toxicity Applications Under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (scroll to the bottom of the list) (EPA 833-R-00-003) This document provides guidance to NPDES regulatory authorities and persons interested in whole effluent toxicity testing. Policy Memo: Clarifications Regarding Flexibility in 40 CFR Part 136 Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) Test Methods (April 1996) The NPDES program has guidance on the application of WET testing to permits under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)

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Top of pageApproved Methods | CWA Methods | US EPA

http://water.epa.gov/scitech/methods/cwa/questions.cfm [9/5/2012 2:06:59 PM] Contact Us 

## Water: CWA Methods

You will need Adobe Reader to view some of the files on this page. See EPA's PDF page to learn more. You are here: Water Science & Technology Analytical Methods & Laboratories CWA Methods Approved Methods 

# Approved Methods Questions and Answers When do I need to use an approved 40 CFR Part 136 method? When do know I am using an approved method? Are all CWA compliance methods listed in 40 CFR Part 136? May I use EPA Office of Resource Conservation and Reclamation's SW846 methods? What may we do when the EPA approved CWA method does not work for my discharge or CWA application? Are there approved methods for sewage sludge (biosolids)? What methods are available for fish tissue? Where is the site listing of approved methods for air and radiation, solid waste, drinking and waste water, pesticides and toxic substances, etc.?



## When do I need to use an approved 40 CFR Part 136 method? You need to use an approved 40 CFR Part 136 method when your permit or permitting authority requires it. 

## When do know I am using an approved method? If your method is specified in your permit or in the regulations at CFR Part 136.3 and Parts 401-503. These approved methods also include modifications to the method that are within the method flexibility discussed at 40 CFR Part 136.6. 

## Are all CWA compliance methods listed in 40 CFR Part 136? Most CWA compliance methods are listed in 40 CFR Part 136, but your permitting authority or permit may specify use of other methods. 

## May I use EPA Office of Resource Conservation and Reclamation's SW846 methods? Generally, no, for wastewater measurements. The permittee is required to use approved CWA methods for compliance purposes. SW846 methods are not necessarily developed for the same monitoring purposes or matrices for which CWA methods are developed. However, your permitting authority may allow use of SW846 or other methods in sewage sludge (biosolids).

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## What may we do when the EPA approved CWA method does not work for my discharge or CWA application? For chemical methods, you may demonstrate that there is interference and implement corrective action as described in Solutions to Analytical Chemistry Problems with Clean Water Act Methods (PDF) (62 pp, 458K) . For microbial methods, you may submit a limited use ATP application to your permitting authority (e.g., State or EPA Region).

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## Are there approved methods for sewage sludge (biosolids)? Water Home Drinking Water Education & Training Grants & Funding Laws & Regulations Our Waters Pollution Prevention & Control Resources & Performance Science & Technology

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### A-Z Index Advanced SearchApproved Methods | CWA Methods | US EPA

http://water.epa.gov/scitech/methods/cwa/questions.cfm [9/5/2012 2:06:59 PM] EPA Home Privacy and Security Notice Contact Us Last updated on Wednesday, June 20, 2012 EPA has approved the following microbial methods for use in biosolids: EPA Method 1680 and 1681 for fecal coliforms and EPA Method 1682 for Salmonella. 40 CFR Part 136 chemical methods are not approved specifically for use in biosolids. However, the following EPA methods have been used:

1613 for dioxin and furans , 1625 for semivolatiles , and 1668 PCBs, Revision B (PDF) (133 pp, 636K; EPA-821-R-08-020)

. Other methods may be available in Solid Waste Methods

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## What methods are available for fish tissue? The Office of Water has used the following EPA methods for chemicals in fish tissue:

1613B: Dioxins and Furans 1614: PBDEs (PDF) (87 pp, 417K) 1668: PCB Congeners, Revision B (PDF) (133 pp, 636K; EPA-821-R-08-020) 1625C: Semivolatile Organic Compounds (PDF) (68 pp, 317K) 1656A: Organohalide Pesticides (PDF) (43 pp, 145K) 1657A: Organophosphorus Pesticides (PDF) (39 pp, 178K) 1631: Mercury 1632A: Arsenic (PDF) (35 pp, 126K) There are other methods that may be available in Solid Waste Methods

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## Where is the site listing of approved methods for air and radiation, solid waste, drinking and waste water, pesticides and toxic substances, etc.? EPA's Forum on Environmental Measurement

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