NOTE: This disposition is nonprecedential. 

United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 

2006-3432 

SYLVIA MOODY, 

Petitioner, 

v. 

MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD, 

Respondent. 

 Sylvia Moody, of Killeen, Texas, pro se. 

 Calvin M. Morrow, Attorney, Office of General Counsel, United States Merit 

Systems Protection Board, of Washington, DC, for respondent. With him on the brief 

were B. Chad Bungard, General Counsel, Rosa M. Koppel, Deputy General Counsel, 

and Rosalyn L. Wilcots, Acting Associate General Counsel. 

Appealed from: United States Merit Systems Protection Board 
NOTE: This disposition is nonprecedential. 

United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit

 

2006-3432 

SYLVIA MOODY, 

 Petitioner, 

v. 

MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD, 

 Respondent. 

___________________________ 

 DECIDED: February 8, 2007 

___________________________ 

Before MICHEL, Chief Judge, SCHALL, and RADER, Circuit Judges. 

PER CURIAM. 

The Merit Systems Protection Board (Board) dismissed Ms. Sylvia Moody’s 

constructive removal claim. Sylvia Moody v. Gen. Servs. Admin., MSPB Docket No. 

DC0752060280-I-1 (Initial Decision, April 5, 2006; Final Order, August 15, 2006). 

Because the Board properly dismissed Ms. Moody’s appeal for lack of jurisdiction, this 

court affirms. 

I 

The General Services Administration (GSA) employed Ms. Moody as a 

Supervisory Contract Specialist, GS-1102-14 (GS-14), effective July 25, 2004. The GS14 position required Ms. Moody to serve a one-year probationary period. On June 20, 

2005, GSA notified Ms. Moody of her demotion to Contract Specialist, GS-1102-13 (GS13), with an effective date of June 26, 2005. On August 5, 2005, GSA further placed 
Ms. Moody on leave restriction. Approximately three months after her demotion and 

one month after receiving the notification of leave restriction, Ms. Moody submitted her 

resignation letter to GSA on September 13, 2005. On December 30, 2005, GSA issued 

a final decision that Ms. Moody was not constructively removed. 

Thereafter, on February 2, 2006, Ms. Moody sought review of GSA’s final 

decision by the Board. The Board determined that it did not have jurisdiction and 

dismissed the appeal. 

II 

The Board’s jurisdiction is not plenary, but rather limited to matters specifically

entrusted to it by law, rule or regulation. See 5. U.S.C. § 7701(a); Schmittling v. Dep’t of 

the Army, 219 F.3d 1332, 1336 (Fed. Cir. 2000). Ms. Moody has the burden of 

establishing jurisdiction before the Board by a preponderance of the evidence. 5 C.F.R. 

§ 1201.56(a)(2); Clark v. United States Postal Serv., 989 F.2d 1164, 1167 (Fed. Cir. 

1993). Jurisdiction is a question of law that this court reviews without deference. 

Fields v. Dep’t of Justice, 452 F.3d 1297, 1301 (Fed. Cir. 2006). The Board enjoys no

jurisdiction to review voluntary resignations. However, if shown involuntary, a 

resignation may amount to a constructive removal within the Board’s jurisdiction. Shoaf

v. Dep’t of Agric., 260 F.3d 1336, 1340-41 (Fed. Cir. 2001). 

The Board’s decision to dismiss Moody’s appeal must be affirmed unless Moody

establishes that the decision is (1) arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, or 

otherwise not in accordance with law; (2) obtained without procedures required by law,

rule, or regulation having been followed; or (3) unsupported by substantial evidence. 

5 U.S.C. § 7703(c); Schmittling, 219 F.3d at 1335. 

2006-3432 2
The Administrative Judge stated and thereafter followed the proper legal test and 

correctly examined the facts presented in the evidentiary record. Ms. Moody did not

present any evidence showing that her resignation was due to coercion. This court 

follows a three-part test to determine when coercion causes a resignation to be 

involuntary. Coercion is shown by evidence establishing: “(1) that one side involuntarily

accepted the terms of another; (2) that circumstances permitted no other alternative; 

and (3) that said circumstances were the result of coercive acts of the opposite party.”

Middleton v. Dep’t of Def., 185 F.3d 1374, 1379 (Fed. Cir. 1999) (quoting Christie v.

United States, 518 F.2d 584, 587 (1975)). “This test is an objective, rather than 

subjective one; an employee’s subjective feelings are irrelevant. The employee must 

present allegations of fact which, if proven, establish that a reasonable employee 

confronted with the same circumstance would feel coerced into resigning.” Id. 

In this case, Ms. Moody’s demotion to GS-13 and adherence to a strict leave 

policy would not coerce a reasonable employee to resign. First, Ms. Moody submitted 

her resignation letter approximately three months after her demotion. Thus, the 

demotion did not present Ms. Moody no alternative but to resign. Indeed, a few months

intervened between her demotion and her resignation. While the working environment

may not have been pleasant after the demotion, an unpleasant work environment does

not present the employee no choice but to resign. Further, Ms. Moody’s dissatisfaction 

with the leave policy, including a choice between compliance with the policy and 

potential disciplinary action for unauthorized absence, does not equate to forcing an 

employee to resign. 

2006-3432 3
Thus, the Board’s decision to dismiss Ms. Moody’s appeal for lack of jurisdiction 

was not arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, or obtained without procedures

required by law, rule, or regulation. Accordingly, the Board’s decision dismissing Ms. 

Moody’s appeal for lack of jurisdiction is affirmed. 

2006-3432 4