MIL-STD-3004D

w/CHANGE 1

28 MAR 2016

SUPERSEDING

MIL-STD-3004D

10 October 2014

 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

STANDARD PRACTICE

QUALITY 

ASSURANCE/SURVEILLANCE FOR

FUELS, LUBRICANTS AND

RELATED PRODUCTS

AMSC N/A FSC 91GP

NOT MEASUREMENT 

SENSITIVE

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

FOREWORD

ii

1. This Standard is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department 

of Defense (DoD).

2. Certain provisions of this Standard are subject to international standardization 

agreements. When amendment, revision, or cancellation of this Standard is proposed which 

would affect or violate the international agreement concerned, the preparing activity will take 

appropriate reconciliation action through international standardization channels, including 

departmental standardization offices, if required.

3. The tables in this Standard are numerous; therefore, they are located at the end of 

Section 6, preceding the Appendices and Index.

4. Unless specifically stated, all references to government documents and nongovernment publications shall refer to the most recent version or revision of that document or 

publication.

5. References to the QAR include Military Service personnel designated to perform these 

functions.

6. Regarding changes from previous issue, marginal notations are not used in this

revision to identify changes with respect to the previous issue due to the extent of the changes.

7. Comments, suggestions, or questions on this document should be address to DLA

Energy DQA, Room 2843, DLA Headquarters Building, 8725 John J. Kingman Rd, Fort Belvoir 

VA, 22060-6222 or by sending your comments to the Lead Standardization Office, at 

DSCC.Standardization@dla.mil. Since contact information can change, you may want to verify 

the currency of this address information using the ASSIST Online database URL 

https://assist.dla.mil. Users outside the United States might find it easier to use the non-CAC 

enabled site http://quicksearch.dla.mil/which does not sit on a secure website. 

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

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FOREWORD ...............................................................................................................ii

1. SCOPE

1.1 Scope....................................................................................................................1

1.2 Applicability ........................................................................................................1

1.3 Executive Agency ................................................................................................1

1.3.1 Policy ...................................................................................................................1

1.3.2 Responsibility ......................................................................................................2

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

2.1 General.................................................................................................................2

2.2 Government Documents. .....................................................................................2

2.2.1 Specifications, Standards and Handbooks. ..........................................................2

2.2.2 Other Government Documents, Drawings, and Publications. .............................6

2.3 Non-Government Publications.............................................................................7

2.4 Order of Precedence...........................................................................................17

3. DEFINITIONS, ACRONYMS, and ABBREVIATIONS

3.1 Definitions..........................................................................................................17

3.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................31

4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

4.1 Personnel Competency....................................................................................... 34

4.2 Service/Contractor Responsibilities...................................................................34

4.2.1 Sampling. ...........................................................................................................34

4.2.1.1 Precautions.........................................................................................................34

4.2.1.2 Personnel Conducting Sampling........................................................................34

4.2.1.3 Responsibility ....................................................................................................34

4.2.1.4 Types of Samples...............................................................................................34

4.2.1.4.1 All Level Sample ...............................................................................................35

4.2.1.4.2 Upper Sample.....................................................................................................35

4.2.1.4.3 Middle Sample. ..................................................................................................35

4.2.1.4.4 Lower Sample ....................................................................................................35

4.2.1.4.5 Top Sample. .......................................................................................................35

4.2.1.4.6 Composite Sample. ............................................................................................35

4.2.1.4.7 Drain Sample. ....................................................................................................35

4.2.1.4.8 Bottom Sample...................................................................................................35

4.2.1.4.9 Bottom Water Sample........................................................................................35

4.2.1.4.10 Single Tank Composite Sample.........................................................................35

4.2.1.4.11 Conveyance Volumetric Composite Sample .....................................................35

4.2.1.4.12 Outlet (Suction) Sample.....................................................................................35

4.2.1.4.13 Automatic Sample..............................................................................................35

4.2.1.4.14 Mixed Sample. ...................................................................................................35

4.2.1.4.15 Spot Sample. ......................................................................................................36

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4.2.1.4.16 Tube or Thief Sample. .......................................................................................36

4.2.1.4.17 Batch/Lot Samples. ............................................................................................36

4.2.1.5 Taking of Samples. ............................................................................................36

4.2.1.5.1 Sampling Apparatus, Containers, and Procedures.............................................36

4.2.1.5.2 Sample Log Requirements.................................................................................37

4.2.1.6 Precautions.........................................................................................................38

4.2.1.7 Size of Samples..................................................................................................38

4.2.1.7.1 Normal Sample Size. .........................................................................................38

4.2.1.7.2 Special Sample Size...........................................................................................38

4.2.1.7.3 Jet Fuel. ..............................................................................................................38

4.2.1.7.4 E85 Sample. .......................................................................................................38

4.2.1.7.5 B20 Sample........................................................................................................39

4.2.1.8 Identification of Samples. ..................................................................................39

4.2.1.8.1 Markings ............................................................................................................39

4.2.1.8.2 Sample Serial Numbers......................................................................................39

4.2.1.8.3 Retained Samples...............................................................................................39

4.2.1.9 Shipping Samples to a Laboratory-Chain of Custody Requirement..................40

4.2.1.10 Sampling and Gauging JPTS Cargo Tanks or Vessels. .....................................40

4.2.1.10.1 Contamination Problems....................................................................................40

4.2.2 Testing................................................................................................................40

4.2.2.1 Contamination Tests ......................................................................................... 40

4.2.2.2 Test Methods......................................................................................................40

4.2.2.2.1 Testing Rounding Protocol ................................................................................40

4.2.2.3 Testing Frequency for Long Term Storage of Petroleum Products...................41

4.2.2.4 Minimum Testing...............................................................................................41

4.2.2.5 Types of Tests Required. ...................................................................................41

4.2.2.5.1 Equivalent Test. .................................................................................................41

4.2.2.6 Testing Capabilities ...........................................................................................42

4.2.2.7 Calibrating Test Equipment ...............................................................................42

4.3 Specifications.....................................................................................................42

4.4 Change in Grade of Fuel ....................................................................................42

4.5 Government-Owned Property............................................................................42

4.6 Safety Precautions..............................................................................................43

4.7 Measurement, Sampling and Calibration...........................................................43

4.8 Compliance with Regulations and Laws............................................................43

5. DETAILED REQUIREMENTS

5.1 Waterborne Operations. .....................................................................................43

5.1.1 Shipments by Tankers........................................................................................43

5.1.1.1 MPMS Guidelines..............................................................................................43

5.1.1.2 Certifying Statements.........................................................................................43

5.1.1.3 Tanker and Ocean-Going Barge Inspection Policy for Vessels.........................44

5.1.1.3.1 Responsibility ....................................................................................................44

5.1.1.3.2 Required Cargo Cleaning...................................................................................44

5.1.1.3.3 Internal Tank Inspection Requirements.............................................................44

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5.1.1.3.4 Suitability to Load..............................................................................................45

5.1.1.3.5 In-Transit Quantity Variances............................................................................45

5.1.1.3.6 Responsibility for Off-Specification Cargo .......................................................45

5.1.1.4 Pre-Loading Inspection of Tankers....................................................................45

5.1.1.4.1 Vessel Inspection ...............................................................................................45

5.1.1.4.2 Vessel Tank Inspection ......................................................................................46

5.1.1.4.3 Vessel Tank / Internal Rust Test........................................................................47

5.1.1.4.4 Vessel Loading Plans.........................................................................................47

5.1.1.4.5 Multi-Port Inspection .........................................................................................47

5.1.1.4.6 Quality and Quantity Determination..................................................................47

5.1.1.4.7 Vessel Rejection / Delay....................................................................................48

5.1.1.5 Pre-Loading Procedures (Shore / Tanker) .........................................................48

5.1.1.6 Loading Procedures for Tankers........................................................................49

5.1.1.6.1 Lines...................................................................................................................49

5.1.1.6.2 Loading Rates ....................................................................................................49

5.1.1.6.3 Thirty Minute Wait ............................................................................................49

5.1.2 Shipments by Barges and Refueling Craft.........................................................49

5.1.2.1 Pre-Loading and Loading Inspection.................................................................49

5.1.2.2 Product Conversion............................................................................................50

5.1.2.3 Inspection Procedures for Cargoes ....................................................................50

5.1.2.4 Filtering Requirements.......................................................................................51

5.1.3 Shore Side Receipt of Fuel................................................................................ 51

5.1.3.1 Vessel Pre-Discharge Inspection .......................................................................51

5.1.3.2 Contaminated Product........................................................................................51

5.1.3.3 Discharge ...........................................................................................................52

5.1.3.4 Completion.........................................................................................................52

5.1.3.5 Vessel Delay ......................................................................................................53

5.1.4 Post Loading – Tankers and Barges...................................................................53

5.1.4.1 Vessel Samples ..................................................................................................53

5.1.4.2 Determination of Quantity .................................................................................53

5.1.4.3 Inspection Documents Covering Tanker and Barge Loading............................53

5.1.5 Ship-to-Ship Transfer at Sea..............................................................................54

5.2 Pipeline Operations............................................................................................54

5.2.1 Shipments by Pipelines. .....................................................................................54

5.2.1.1 Tariffs and Agreements......................................................................................54

5.2.1.2 Laboratory Testing.............................................................................................54

5.2.1.3 Markings ............................................................................................................54

5.2.1.4 Identification Tests.............................................................................................54

5.2.1.5 Multi-Product Pipelines.....................................................................................54

5.2.1.5.1 Product Identification.........................................................................................54

5.2.1.5.2 Pumping Time....................................................................................................55

5.2.1.5.3 Pipeline Transfer Velocity ...............................................................................554

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5.2.1.5.4 Segregation During Transfer..............................................................................55

5.2.1.6 Terminal, Depot and Base System.....................................................................55

5.2.1.6.1 Product Compatibility........................................................................................55

5.2.1.6.2 Cleaning of Pipelines.........................................................................................55

5.2.1.6.3 Valve and Pipeline Control................................................................................55

5.2.1.7 Cross Country System........................................................................................55

5.2.1.7.1 Turbulent Flow...................................................................................................55

5.2.1.7.2 Batch Cuts and Segregation ...............................................................................56

5.2.1.7.3 Contaminated Pipeline Shipment.......................................................................56

5.2.1.7.4 System Isolation.................................................................................................55

5.2.1.8 Common Transfer Lines and Pumps for Fuels. .................................................56

5.2.1.8.1 Preferred Method ...............................................................................................56

5.2.1.8.2 Use of Water Displacement ...............................................................................56

5.2.1.8.3 References..........................................................................................................56

5.2.1.9 Segregation. .......................................................................................................56

5.2.1.10 Corrosion Control. .............................................................................................56

5.2.1.10.1 Determination of Sediment (Solids) ..................................................................56

5.2.1.10.2 Corrosion Inhibitors...........................................................................................57

5.2.1.10.3 Aviation Turbine Fuel Additive Concentration .................................................57

5.2.1.10.3.1 Location .............................................................................................................57

5.2.1.10.4 Pressure Drop.....................................................................................................57

5.2.1.11 Drag Reducer Additive (DRA) ..........................................................................57

5.2.1.12 Quality Surveillance / Quality Assurance Pipeline Procedures.........................57

5.2.2 Receipts by Pipeline...........................................................................................58

5.2.2.1 Before Receipt. ..................................................................................................58

5.2.2.2 During Receipt. ..................................................................................................58

5.2.2.3 Completion.........................................................................................................58

5.3 Truck and Tank Car Operations.........................................................................59

5.3.1 Shipments by Tank Truck and Tank Car. ..........................................................59

5.3.1.1 Tank Truck and Tank Car Service / Conversion................................................59

5.3.1.2 Tank Truck and Tank Car Loading....................................................................59

5.3.1.2.1 Safety .................................................................................................................59

5.3.1.2.2 Loading Line......................................................................................................59

5.3.1.2.3 Procedures at the Loading Rack.........................................................................59

5.3.1.2.4 NATO Codes .....................................................................................................59

5.3.1.2.5 Gaskets and Hose Connections..........................................................................59

5.3.1.2.6 Vehicle Tank Cleanliness ..................................................................................59

5.3.1.2.6.1 F/24/JetA/Jet A-1.............................................................................................. 60

5.3.1.2.7 Product Free-Fall ...............................................................................................60

5.3.1.2.8 Recording Test Results......................................................................................60

5.3.1.2.9 Sealing................................................................................................................60

5.3.1.2.10 Placarding ..........................................................................................................61

5.3.2 Tank Truck and Tank Car Receipts ...................................................................61

5.3.2.1 Before Receipt ...................................................................................................61

5.3.2.2 Truck and Tank Car Arrival...............................................................................61

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5.3.2.3 Truck and Tank Car Rejection...........................................................................62

5.3.2.4 After Discharge ..................................................................................................62

5.4 Receipts Under the Post, Camps & Stations (PC&S) Purchase Program..........62

5.4.1 Truck and Tank Car Arrival / Before Delivery..................................................63

5.4.1.1 Truck and Tank Car After Delivery / Before Departure....................................63

5.4.2 Barge Delivery. ..................................................................................................63

5.5 Receipts from the Bunkering Program. .............................................................63

5.5.1 Before Bunkering...............................................................................................64

5.5.2 During Bunkering. .............................................................................................64

5.5.3 After Bunkering. ................................................................................................65

5.5.4 Bunker Delivery Note and Statutory Sample.....................................................65

5.6 Receipts from the Into-Plane Program...............................................................65

5.6.1 AIR Card............................................................................................................65

5.6.2 Refueling Units..................................................................................................66

5.7 Receipt of Aviation Secured Fuel and Support Aircraft....................................66

5.7.1 Refueling on Military Installations or Supported by Military Installations.......66

5.7.2 Refueling at Other Locations.............................................................................66

5.7.3 Invoice / Acquisition Procedures.......................................................................66

5.7.3.1 Contractual Laboratory Invoice Procedures ......................................................66

5.7.3.2 Non-Contract Locations.....................................................................................67

5.8 Receipt of Approved Additives and Injection. ..................................................67

5.8.1 Receipt of Approved Bulk Additives.................................................................67

5.8.1.1 Receipt of Turbine Fuel Approved Packaged Additives ...................................68

5.8.2 During Injection. ................................................................................................68

5.8.3 After Injection....................................................................................................68

5.9 Bulk Storage.......................................................................................................68

5.9.1 Long-Term Storage............................................................................................69

5.9.2 Bulk Tank Water Restriction. ............................................................................69

5.9.2.1 Corrosives in Tanks. ..........................................................................................69

5.9.2.2 Tank Water Check Frequency. ..........................................................................69

5.9.2.3 Microbial Contamination ...................................................................................69

5.9.3 Storage Tanks and Piping. .................................................................................70

5.9.3.1 Storage of Similar Products. ..............................................................................70

5.9.3.2 Changing Product in a Storage Tank. ................................................................70

5.9.3.3 Product Cargo Check for Quality. .....................................................................71

5.9.3.4 Segregation of Product.......................................................................................71

5.9.3.5 Leaking Valve Contamination. ..........................................................................71

5.9.3.6 Tank Protective Treatment.................................................................................71

5.9.3.7 Identification of Piping System. ........................................................................71

5.9.3.8 Settling Time in Tank. .......................................................................................72

5.9.4 Control of Static Electricity (Aviation Turbine Fuels, Kerosene). ....................72

5.9.5 Filtration.............................................................................................................73

5.9.6 Internal Preservation. .........................................................................................74

5.9.7 Dispensing from Curbside Pumps. ....................................................................74

5.9.8 Sources of Contamination..................................................................................74

5.9.8.1 Inadvertent Mixtures..........................................................................................74

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5.9.8.2 Handling Personnel. ...........................................................................................74

5.9.8.3 Rubber Surface to Fuel.......................................................................................74

5.9.8.4 Container Sealant. ..............................................................................................74

5.9.9 Identification of Transfers..................................................................................74

5.10 Product Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits (Tables I-VII)...............................75

5.10.1 Gasoline, Aviation, NATO F-18 (ASTM D 910/100 LL) and Unleaded Aviation 

Gasolines ASTM D 7547. ..................................................................................75

5.10.1.1 Knock Rating......................................................................................................75

5.10.1.2 Color...................................................................................................................75

5.10.1.3 Vapor Pressure (VP)...........................................................................................75

5.10.1.4 Corrosion............................................................................................................76

5.10.1.5 Water and Sediment ...........................................................................................76

5.10.1.6 Lead Content ......................................................................................................76

5.10.1.7 Potential Gum.....................................................................................................76

5.10.2 Aviation Turbine Fuel, NATO F-24, F-34/JP-8 (MIL-DTL-83133) and Defence 

Standard 91-91, F-35/Jet A-1, Jet A/Jet A-1 (ASTM D 1655), and F-40/JP-4, 

F-44/JP-5 (MIL-DTL-5624), JPTS (MIL-DTL-25524), and TS-1 

(GOST 10227-86) ..............................................................................................76

5.10.2.1 Existent Gum......................................................................................................76

5.10.2.2 Vapor Pressure.(VP)...........................................................................................76

5.10.2.3 Fuel System Icing Inhibitor (FSII). ....................................................................77

5.10.2.4 Flash Point Specification....................................................................................77

5.10.2.5 Filtration Time....................................................................................................78

5.10.2.6 Water and Sediment. ..........................................................................................78

5.10.2.7 Conductivity. ......................................................................................................78

5.10.2.8 Thermal Stability of JP-5 ...................................................................................78

5.10.2.9 Fuel Standardization Policy ...............................................................................78

5.10.2.10 Other Aviation Fuel Specifications....................................................................78

5.10.3 Gasoline, Automotive, Unleaded (F-67). ...........................................................79

5.10.3.1 Octane.................................................................................................................79

5.10.3.2 Color...................................................................................................................79

5.10.3.3 Lead Content ......................................................................................................79

5.10.3.4 Copper Strip Corrosion ......................................................................................79

5.10.3.5 Vapor Pressure (VP)...........................................................................................79

5.10.4 Automotive Spark Ignition Engine Fuel: Commercial Gasoline 

(ASTM D 4814) and Gasohol, Automotive, Unleaded (A-A-52530)................79

5.10.4.1 Octane.................................................................................................................80

5.10.4.2 Solvent – Washed Gum......................................................................................80

5.10.4.3 Lead Content ......................................................................................................80

5.10.4.4 Copper Strip Corrosion. .....................................................................................80

5.10.4.5 Vapor Pressure (VP)...........................................................................................80

5.10.4.6 Water Tolerance .................................................................................................80

5.10.5 E85 .....................................................................................................................80

5.10.6 Fuel, Naval Distillate, NATO F-76 (MIL-DTL-16884).....................................81

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5.10.6.1 Cetane Number (Ignition Quality). ....................................................................81

5.10.6.2 Color...................................................................................................................81

5.10.6.3 Flash Point..........................................................................................................81

5.10.6.4 Distillation..........................................................................................................81

5.10.6.5 Carbon Residue on 10% Bottoms ......................................................................81

5.10.6.6 Storage Stability .................................................................................................81

5.10.6.7 Water and Sediment ...........................................................................................82

5.10.7 Fuel Oil, Diesel, (ASTM D 975)........................................................................82

5.10.7.1 RME 180 (ISO 8217).........................................................................................82

5.10.7.2 RMG 380 (ISO 8217).........................................................................................82

5.10.7.3 Water and Sediment Control..............................................................................82

5.10.7.4 Cetane Number...................................................................................................82

5.10.7.5 Dyed Fuel. ..........................................................................................................83

5.10.7.6 Distillation..........................................................................................................83

5.10.7.7 Cloud Point.........................................................................................................83

5.10.7.8 Carbon Residue on 10% Bottoms. .....................................................................83

5.10.8 Kerosene, NATO F-58, (ASTM D 3699). .........................................................83

5.10.8.1 Color...................................................................................................................83

5.10.8.2 Flash Point..........................................................................................................83

5.10.9 Diesel Fuel, Biodiesel Blend, B20 (ASTM D 7467)..........................................84

5.11 Aviation Fuel Contamination and Quality Standards ........................................84

5.11.1 Gasoline and Gas Turbine Fuel Differences .....................................................84

5.11.2 Quality Fuel Deliveries. .....................................................................................84

5.11.3 Fuel Quality and Fuel Contamination. ...............................................................84

5.11.3.1 Commingling with Other Petroleum Products...................................................85

5.11.3.2 Contamination with Water, Solids, and Microbiological Growth. ....................85

5.11.4 Acceptable Fuel..................................................................................................86

5.11.4.1 Free Water..........................................................................................................86

5.11.4.2 Red Dye Contamination .....................................................................................86

5.11.4.3 Cloudy or Hazy Fuel ..........................................................................................87

5.11.4.4 Sediment in Fuel.................................................................................................87

5.12 Ground Mobility Fuel Contamination................................................................87

5.12.1 Ground Mobility Fuels.......................................................................................87

5.12.1.1 Automotive Gasoline..........................................................................................87

5.12.1.2 Diesel Fuel..........................................................................................................88

5.12.1.3 Aviation Turbine Fuel ........................................................................................88

5.12.2 Fuel Contamination and Contamination Prevention. .........................................88

5.12.2.1 Contamination with Other Fuels (Commingling). .............................................88

5.12.2.2 Contamination with Water .................................................................................89

5.12.2.3 Contamination with Sediment............................................................................89

5.12.2.4 Fuel Contamination Prevention..........................................................................90

5.13 Non-Conforming Product...................................................................................91

5.13.1 Identification of a Non-Conforming Product. ....................................................91

5.13.2 Disposition Request Procedures.........................................................................91

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5.13.2.1 Report of Non-Conforming Product Exceptions................................................93

5.13.3 Service and DLA Responsibilities. ....................................................................93

5.13.3.1 Communication Copies......................................................................................95

5.13.4 Chain of Custody Requirement for all Samples Shipped to a Laboratory.........95

5.13.5 Laboratory Reports.............................................................................................95

5.13.6 Reclamation........................................................................................................95

5.13.6.1 Determining Factors...........................................................................................95

5.13.7 Reclamation Techniques ....................................................................................96

5.13.7.1 Downgrading......................................................................................................96

5.13.7.2 Blending. ............................................................................................................96

5.13.7.3 Additive Injection / Mixing................................................................................96

5.13.7.4 Purification. ........................................................................................................96

5.13.7.5 Water Removal...................................................................................................96

5.14 Packaged Products..............................................................................................96

5.14.1 Product Receipt ..................................................................................................96

5.14.2 Sampling.............................................................................................................96

5.14.2.1 Precautions.........................................................................................................96

5.14.2.2 Personnel to Conduct Sampling .........................................................................97

5.14.2.3 Responsibility.....................................................................................................97

5.14.2.4 Types of Samples...............................................................................................97

5.14.2.5 Sampling Apparatus, Containers and Procedures ..............................................97

5.14.2.6 Size of Samples..................................................................................................98

5.14.2.7 Identification of Samples ...................................................................................98

5.14.3 Testing................................................................................................................99

5.14.3.1 Contamination Tests...........................................................................................99

5.14.3.2 Specification Receipt Limits..............................................................................99

5.14.3.3 Testing Frequency. .............................................................................................99

5.14.3.4 Minimum Testing...............................................................................................99

5.14.3.5 Tests Required....................................................................................................99

5.14.3.6 Alternate Test Methods....................................................................................100

5.14.3.7 Calibrating Test Equipment .............................................................................100

5.14.3.8 Additional Testing............................................................................................100

5.14.4 Disposition Procedures.....................................................................................100

5.14.5 Service and DLA Responsibilities. ..................................................................100

5.14.6 Packaging and Storage of Packaged Petroleum Products. ...............................102

5.14.6.1 Documentation. ................................................................................................102

5.14.6.2 Container Inspection. .......................................................................................102

5.14.6.3 Container Suitability. .......................................................................................102

5.14.6.4 Drum Storage. ..................................................................................................102

5.14.6.5 Separate Storage...............................................................................................102

5.14.6.6 Stock Rotation..................................................................................................103

5.14.6.7 Galvanized Containers .....................................................................................103

5.14.6.8 Small Container Storage...................................................................................103

5.14.6.9 Contamination ..................................................................................................103

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5.14.6.10 Minimum Container Markings.........................................................................103

5.14.6.11 Field-Filled Container Markings......................................................................104

5.14.6.12 Marking of Boxes and Cartons.........................................................................104

5.14.6.13 Marking of Contractor Supplied Product.........................................................104

5.14.6.14 Marking of Used Drums...................................................................................105

5.14.7 Deterioration of Products. ................................................................................105

5.14.7.1 Lubricating Oils and Gear Oils. .......................................................................105

5.14.7.2 Hydraulic Fluids...............................................................................................115

5.14.7.3 Greases. ............................................................................................................106

5.14.7.4 Insulating Oils. .................................................................................................107

6. NOTES

6.1 Intended Use.....................................................................................................107

6.2 International Standard Agreement Implementation. ........................................107

6.3 Tailoring Guidance...........................................................................................107

6.4 Subject Terms (Key Word) List .......................................................................107

6.5 Additional References......................................................................................108

6.6 Changes from Previous Issue ...........................................................................110

TABLES

I Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Aviation Turbine Fuels: 

NATO F-24, F-34/JP-8 (MIL-DTL-83133), F-35/Jet A-1, Jet A

(ASTM D 1655), F-40/JP-4 and F-44/JP-5 (MIL-DTL-5624) 

and TS-1 (GOST 10227-86).................................................................112

II Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Fuel System Icing Inhibitor, 

MIL-DTL-5470, NATO S-1745 ......................................................................115

III Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Fuel, Naval Distillate, NATO 

F-76 (MIL-DTL-16884)...................................................................................115

IV Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Fuel Oil, Diesel, ASTM D 975 .........116

V Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Fuel Oil, Diesel, NATO F-54............116

VI Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Gasoline, Unleaded, 

NATO F-67 ......................................................................................................117

VII Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Automotive Spark Ignition Engine 

Fuel, ASTM D 4814, and Gasohol, Automotive, Unleaded, A-A-52530........118

VIII Minimum Frequency for Testing Long Term of Petroleum Products .............119

IX Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements for Petroleum Products ........120

X Tests Required for Aviation Gasoline..............................................................133

XI Tests Required for Lubrication Oils.................................................................133

XII Tests Required for Aviation Turbine Fuels......................................................134

XIII Support for Secured Fuel..................................................................................135

XIV Tests Required for Automotive Gasoline.........................................................136

XIVa Tests Required for E85 (ASTM D 5798 ..........................................................176

XV Tests Required for Diesel Fuels and Kerosene. ...............................................138

XVa Tests Required for B20. ...................................................................................139

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XVI Tests Required for Burner Fuel Oil. .................................................................139

XVII Test Required For Residual Marine Fuel (RME 180 Grade)............................140

XVIII Test Required For Residual Marine Fuel (RME 380 Grade)............................140

XIX Test Required For Marine Gas Oil (DMA Grade)............................................141

XX Type B-2 Tests for Lubricating Oils.................................................................142

XXI Type B-2 Tests for Greases, Semi-Fluid, Lubricants, and Other 

Grease-Like Materials.......................................................................................150

XXII Type B-2 Tests for Hydraulic, Brake, Shock Absorber Fluids.........................157

XXIII Type B-2 Tests for Lubricants (Including Solid Film).....................................163

XXIV Type B-2 Tests for Waxes ................................................................................166

XXV Type B-2 Tests for Misc. Products (Specialty, Cutting Fluids,

Anti-Seize, etc.) ................................................................................................167

XXVI Conversion Chart for Truck Tank (TT) Cars, Truck Tank Wagons (TW), Tank and 

Trailer (TRR), and Intermodal Containers (IMC). ...........................................173

XXVII Minimum Requirements for the Preparation of Tanker Cargo Tanks..............176

XXVIII Minimum Requirements for the Preparation of Barge Cargo Tanks................179

XXIX Segregation of Product Movements Via Multiproduct 

Pipelines, Head Product....................................................................................181

XXX Contamination Tables. ......................................................................................182

XXXI Minimum Standards of Filtration and Water Separation 

for Petroleum Products .....................................................................................184

XXXII Bulk and Packaged Additives Shelf Life and Testing Frequency ....................185

XXXIII Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Kerosene, NATO F-58, ASTM D

3699...................................................................................................................187

XXXIV Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Gasoline, Aviation Low Lead

(NATO F-18), ASTM D910, and Gasoline, Aviation Unleaded,

ASTM D7547....................................................................................................187

FIGURES

B-1. Conductivity.....................................................................................................196

C-1. Weights and Increments...................................................................................215

C-2. Car Top Sampling ............................................................................................216

E-1. Sample Calculation Product Change Record ...................................................233

F-1. Example Chain of Custody Document.............................................................236

APPENDIX

A Military Services Petroleum Laboratories and Fuel Testing Capabilities........189

B Significance of Tests........................................................................................194

C Receipt and Quality Surveillance of Coal ........................................................203

D Government Quality Surveillance of Fuel .......................................................221

E Product Change Record....................................................................................230

F Petroleum Sample Chain of Custody Document..............................................235

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INDEX...................................................................................................238

CONCLUDING MATERIAL ...............................................................................................253

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1. SCOPE

1.1 Scope. This Standard provides DoD Policy, general instructions, and minimum 

procedures to be used by the Military Services and the Defense Logistics Agency in performing 

quality assurance/surveillance functions of U. S. Government-owned fuels, lubricants, and 

related products worldwide at all locations except product procurement facilities which are 

covered by requirements contained in the contract. Requirements for procurement needs may be 

derived from this document as necessary. This Standard includes policy and responsibilities 

derived from Executive Agency documents (see 1.3 below). The information contained herein is 

appropriate to quality assurance where applicable (e.g. direct delivery to customers, destination 

acceptance, etc.). This Standard also contains intra-Governmental receipt limits. Copies of this 

Standard can be obtained through regular channels from ASSIST Online website: 

https://assist.dla.mil/ or http://quicksearch.dla.mil/.

1.2 Applicability. Quality assurance (QA) is a planned and systematic pattern of all 

actions necessary to provide confidence that adequate technical requirements are established; 

products and services conform to established technical requirements; and satisfactory 

performance is achieved. “For the Government, Contract Quality Assurance is a method to 

determine if a supplier of product and/or services fulfilled its contract obligations pertaining to 

products and/or services provided. It includes all actions required to ensure the Government is 

receiving the proper products and/or services. By common usage, Petroleum Quality Assurance 

responsibility is fulfilled when the product and/or service are accepted by the Government and 

the product no longer belongs to the contractor or when the service is complete.” Quality 

surveillance (QS), as used herein, is the aggregate of measures (blending, stock rotation, 

sampling, etc.) used to determine and maintain the quality of product receipts and Governmentowned bulk petroleum products to the degree necessary to ensure that such products are suitable 

for their intended use. A vigilant quality surveillance program, implemented by properly trained 

personnel, is necessary to protect the original product quality and the interests of the

Government. Policy and procedures discussed for QS on receiving Government-owned fuel 

apply to Military Service acceptance requirements for fuels purchased by DLA Energy under the 

Bulk and Direct Delivery program groups.

1.3 Executive Agency. Pursuant to the authority of the Secretary of Defense, DoD 

Directive 5101.8, DoD Executive Agent (DoD EA) for Bulk Petroleum, 11 August 2004,

designates the Director, Defense Logistics Agency (DLA), as the DoD Executive Agent (EA) for 

Bulk Petroleum for the Department of Defense (DoD), with authority to re-delegate to the 

Defense Logistics Agency Energy.

1.3.1 Policy. The DoD EA for Bulk Petroleum will execute supply chain management 

for all Bulk Petroleum owned by the Department of Defense and be responsible for all Bulk 

Petroleum supply management (to include quality management). The DoD EA for Bulk fuels is 

responsible for coordination with Defense customers, other Federal Agencies, and friendly forces 

where the United States is the designated fuels Role Support Nation.

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1.3.2 Responsibility. In conjunction with the other DoD Components, DLA Energy will 

develop standardized quality policy and procedures across the supply chain to reflect the various 

DoD platform fuel systems requirements and maximize effectiveness and efficiency.

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in sections 3, 4, and 5 of 

this Standard. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this Standard 

nor does it include those recommended as additional information or examples. While every 

effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this list, users of this document are cautioned 

that they shall meet all specified requirements of documents cited in sections 3, 4, and 5 of this 

Standard, whether they are listed or not.

2.2 Government Documents.

2.2.1 Specifications, Standards, and Handbooks. The following specifications, 

standards, and handbooks form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless 

otherwise specified, the current document revision number/date shall be cited in the solicitation 

or contract.

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDIZATION AGREEMENTS

STANAG 1110 Allowable Deterioration Limits for NATO Armed Forces Fuels, 

Lubricants and Associated Products

STANAG 1135 Interchangeability of Fuels, Lubricants and Associated Products Used by 

the Armed Forces of the North Atlantic Treaty Nations 

STANAG 1385 Guide Specification for (Minimum Quality Standards) for Naval Distillate 

Fuels (F-75 and F-76)

STANAG 3149 Minimum Quality Surveillance for Fuels

STANAG 3390 Guide Specification and Inspection Standards for Fuel Soluble Lubricity 

Improvers (S-1747)

STANAG 3609 Standards for Maintenance of Fixed Aviation Fuel Receipt, Storage and 

Dispensing Systems

STANAG 3682 Electrostatic Safety Connection Procedures for Aviation Fuel Handling 

and Liquid Fuel Loading/Unloading, Operations during Ground Transfer 

and Aircraft Fueling/Defueling

STANAG 3747 Guide Specifications (Minimum Quality Standards) for Aviation Turbine

Fuels (F-24, F-27, F-34, F-35, F-37, F-40, and F-44)

STANAG 3967 Design and Performance Requirements for Aviation Fuel Filter Separator

vessels and coalesce and separator elements

STANAG 4107 Mutual Acceptance of Government Quality Assurance and Usage of the 

Allied Quality Assurance Publications (AQAP)

STANAG 4714 Minimum Quality Surveillance for Lubricants and Associated Products

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STANAG 7036 Fuels to be Introduced Into and Delivered by the NATO Pipeline System

(NPS)

STANAG 7063 Methods of Detection and Treatment of Fuels Contaminated by 

Microorganisms

STANAG 7090 Guide Specification for NATO Ground Fuels

STANAG 7091 Guide Specification for NATO Land System Oils for Engines and

Transmissions

STANAG 7093 Guide Specification for NATO Land System Automotive Fluids

STANAG 7101 Guide Specifications for Greases

AIR AND SPACE INTEROPERABILITY COUNCIL (ASIC)

AIR STD FG 4021 Allowable Deterioration Limits for Stored Fuels, Lubricants, and 

Associated Products

(Copies of this document are available online at http://quicksearch.dla.mil)

FEDERAL SPECIFICATIONS

C-T-91 Tallow, Inedible

O-M-232 Methanol (Methyl Alcohol) 

SS-G-659 Graphite, Dry (Lubricating) 

TT-I-735 Isopropyl Alcohol

VV-C-846 Cutting Fluids: Emulsifiable Oils

VV-D-1078 Damping Fluid, Silicone Base (Dimethyl Polysiloxane) 

VV-G-632 Grease, Industrial, General Purpose

VV-G-671 Grease, Graphite

VV-L-825 Lubricating Oil, Refrigerant Compressor, Uninhibited

VV-P-236 Petrolatum, Technical

FEDERAL STANDARDS

FED-STD-791 Testing Method of Lubricants, Liquid Fuels, and Related Products

COMMERCIAL ITEM DESCRIPTIONS

A-A-50493 Oil, Penetrating (for Loosening Frozen Metallic Parts) 

A-A-52530 Gasohol, Automotive, Unleaded

A-A-52624 Antifreeze, Multi Engine Type

A-A-58092 Tape, Antiseize, Polytetrafluorethylene

A-A-59004 Anti-Galling Compound, Thread Lubricating, Seizing Resistant, and

Calcium Hydroxide Containing

A-A-59113 Lubricating Oil, Machine Tool Slideways

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A-A-59137 Lubricating Oil, Breech Block (for Naval Ordnance)

A-A-59173 Grease, Silicone

A-A-59197 Fatty Oil (for Metal-Working Lubricants)

A-A-59255 Wax, Paraffin, Technical

A-A-59290 Hydraulic Fluid, Arresting Gear

A-A-59354 Hydraulic Fluids, Petroleum Base, for Machine Tools

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SPECIFICATIONS

DoD-G-24508 Grease, High Performance, Multipurpose (Metric)

DoD-G-24650 Grease, Food Grade, Food Processing Equipment (Metric) 

DoD-L-81846 Lubricating Oil, Instrument, Ball Bearing, High Flash Point

DoD-PRF-24574 Lubricating Fluid for Low and High Pressure Oxidizing Gas Mixtures

DoD-PRF-85734 Lubricating Oil, Helicopter Transmission System, Synthetic Base

MIL-C-6529 Corrosion Preventive, Aircraft Engine

MIL-C-11796 Corrosion Preventive Compound, Petrolatum, Hot Application

MIL-DTL-4339 Corrosion Preventive, Soluble Oil for Water Injection Systems (NATO

Code Number C-630)

MIL-DTL-5020 Liquid, Compass, Aircraft

MIL-DTL-5624 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Grades JP-4 and JP-5

MIL-DTL-16884 Fuel, Naval Distillate

MIL-DTL-17111 Fluid, Power Transmission

MIL-DTL-23549 Grease, General Purpose

MIL-DTL-25524 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Thermally Stable (JPTS) 

MIL-DTL-25681 Lubricant, Molybdenum Disulfide, Silicone

MIL-DTL-46014 Lubricating Oil, Spindle

MIL-DTL-83133 Turbine Fuel, Aviation, Kerosene Type, JP-8 (NATO F-34), NATO F-35,

and JP-8+100 (NATO F-37)

MIL-DTL-85470 Inhibitor, Icing, Fuel System, High Flash NATO Code S-1745

MIL-G-21164 Grease, Molybdenum Disulfide, for Low and High Temperatures, NATO

Code Number G-353

MIL-G-25013 Grease, Aircraft, Ball and Roller Bearing, NATO Code Number G-372,

Metric

MIL-G-25537 Grease, Aircraft, Helicopter Oscillating Bearing, NATO Code Number G66, Metric

MIL-G-81827 Grease, Aircraft, High Load Capacity, Wide Temperature Range

MIL-G-81937 Grease, Instrument, Ultra-Clean, Metric

MIL-H-19457 Hydraulic Fluid, Fire-Resistant, Non-Neurotoxic

MIL-H-22072 Hydraulic Fluid, Catapult, NATO Code Number H-579

MIL-H-81019 Hydraulic Fluid, Petroleum Base, Ultra-Low Temperature, Metric

MIL-L-15719 Lubricating Grease (High-Temperature, Electric Motor, Ball and Roller

Bearings)

MIL-L-19701 Lubricant, All-Weather, Semi-Fluid, for Aircraft Ordnance, Metric

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MIL-L-23398 Lubricant, Solid Film, Air-Cured, Corrosion Inhibiting, NATO Code

Number S-749

MIL-L-24131 Lubricant, Colloidal Graphite in Isopropanol

MIL-L-24478 Lubricant, Molybdenum Disulfide in Isopropanol

MIL-L-46000 Lubricant, Semi-Fluid (Automatic Weapons)

MIL-L-46150 Lubricant, Weapons, Semi-Fluid (High Load-Carrying Capacity) 

MIL-L-87177 Lubricants, Water Displacing, Synthetic

MIL-PRF-2104 Lubricating Oil, Internal Combustion Engine Combat/Tactical Service

MIL-PRF-3150 Lubrication Oil, Preservative, Medium

MIL-PRF-3572 Lubricant, Colloidal Graphite in Oil

MIL-PRF-5606 Hydraulic Fluid, Petroleum Base; Aircraft, Missile, and Ordnance

MIL-PRF-6081 Lubricating Oil, Jet Engine

MIL-PRF-6083 Hydraulic Fluid, Petroleum Base, for Preservation and Operation

MIL-PRF-6085 Lubricating Oil, Instrument, Aircraft, Low Volatility

MIL-PRF-6086 Lubricating Oil, Gear, Petroleum Base (NATO O-153, O-155)

MIL-PRF-7808 Lubricating Oil, Aircraft Turbine Engine, Synthetic Base

MIL-PRF-7870 Lubricating Oil: General Purpose, Low Temperature (NATO O-142)

MIL-PRF-8188 Corrosion-Preventive, Aircraft Turbine Engine, Synthetic Base

MIL-PRF-9000 Lubrication Oil, Shipboard Internal Combustion Engine, High-Output 

Diesel

MIL-PRF-10924 Grease, Automotive and Artillery

MIL-PRF-12070 Fog Oil

MIL-PRF-14107 Lubricating Oil, Weapons, Low Temperature

MIL-PRF-16173 Corrosion Preventive Compound, Solvent Cutback, Cold-Application

MIL-PRF-17331 Lubricating Oil, Steam Turbine and Gear, Moderate Service

MIL-PRF-17672 Hydraulic Fluid, Petroleum, Inhibited

MIL-PRF-18458 Grease, Wire Rope - Exposed Gear

MIL-PRF-21260 Lubricating Oil, Internal Combustion Engine, Preservative Break-in

MIL-PRF-23699 Lubricating Oil, Aircraft Turbine Engine, Synthetic Base, NATO Code

Number O-156

MIL-PRF-23827 Grease, Aircraft and Instrument, Gear and Actuator Screw

MIL-PRF-24139 Grease, Multipurpose, Water Resistant

MIL-PRF-25017 Inhibitor, Corrosion/Lubricity Improver, Fuel Soluble (NATO S-1747) 

MIL-PRF-26087 Lubricating Oil, Reciprocating Compressor, Ground Support

MIL-PRF-27617 Grease, Aircraft and Instrument, Fuel and Oxidizer Resistant

MIL-PRF-32014 Grease, Aircraft and Instrument

MIL-PRF-32033 Lubricating Oil, General Purpose, Preservative (Water-Displacing, Low

Temperature)

MIL-PRF-46002 Preservative Oil, Contact and Volatile Corrosion-Inhibited

MIL-PRF-46010 Lubricant, Solid Film, Heat Cured, Corrosion Inhibiting NATO Code S1738

MIL-PRF-46147 Lubricant, Solid Film, Air Cured, Corrosion Inhibiting

MIL-PRF-46167 Lubricating Oil, Internal Combustion Engine, Arctic

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MIL-PRF-46170 Hydraulic Fluid, Rust Inhibited, Fire Resistant, Synthetic Hydrocarbon

Base, NATO Code No. H-544

MIL-PRF-46176 Brake Fluid, Silicone, Automotive, All-Weather, Operational and

Preservative

MIL-PRF-52308 Filter-Coalescer Element, Fluid Pressure

MIL-PRF-53074 Lubricating Oil, Steam-Cylinder, Mineral

MIL-PRF-63460 Lubricant, Cleaner and Preservative for Weapons and Weapons Systems

MIL-PRF-81322 Grease, Aircraft, General Purpose, Wide Temperature Range, NATO

Code G-395

MIL-PRF-81329 Lubricant, Solid Film, Extreme Environment, NATO Code Number S1737

MIL-PRF-83261 Grease, Aircraft, Extreme Pressure, Anti-Wear

MIL-PRF-83282 Hydraulic Fluid, Fire Resistant, Synthetic Hydrocarbon Base, Metric,

NATO Code Number H-537

MIL-PRF-83363 Grease, Transmission, Helicopter, NATO G-396

MIL-PRF-85336 Lubricant, All-Weather, (Automatic Weapons) 

MIL-PRF-87252 Coolant Fluid, Hydrolytically Stable, Dielectric

MIL-PRF-87257 Hydraulic Fluid, Fire Resistant; Low Temperature, Synthetic Hydrocarbon

Base, Aircraft and Missile

MIL-S-53021 Stabilizer, Additive, Diesel Fuel

MIL-T-17128 Transducer Fluid, Sonar

MIL-W-13945 Wax, Hydrocarbon (for Ordnance Use) 

MIL-W-20553 Wax, Desensitizing

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE STANDARDS

MIL-STD-161 Identification Methods for Bulk Petroleum Products Systems Including

Hydrocarbon Missile Fuels

MIL-STD-290 Packaging and Marking of Petroleum and Related Products

MIL-STD-1548 Into-Plane Servicing of Fuels at Commercial Airports

(Copies of these documents are available online at http://quicksearch.dla.mil)

2.2.2 Other Government Documents, Drawings and Publications. The following other 

Government documents, drawings and publications form a part of this document to the extent 

specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the 

solicitation or contract.

DoD PUBLICATIONS

DoD Directive 4140.25 DoD Management Policy for Energy Commodities and Related 

Services

DoD Directive 5101.8 DoD Executive Agent (DoD EA) for Bulk Petroleum

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DoD 4140.25-M DoD Management of Bulk Petroleum Products, Natural Gas, and 

Coal

DoD 4140.27-M Shelf-Life Management Manual

(Copies of these documents are available online at http://www.dtic.mil/dtic or from

DLA Administrative Support Center, 8725 John J. Kingman Road, STE 0119, Fort Belvoir, VA 

22060-6220)

2.3 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of this 

document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these 

documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.

GEAR MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (AGMA)

ANSI/AGMA 9005 Industrial Gear Lubrication

(Copies of these documents are available online at http://www.agma.org)

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI)

ANSI/ASQ Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes

ANSI/NCSL Z540.3 Requirements for the Calibration of Measuring and Test 

Equipment

(Copies of these documents are available online at http://www.ansi.org ) 

AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE (API)

API/IP MPMS API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards

RP 1595 Design, Construction, Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection of 

Aviation Pre-Airfield Storage Terminals

(Copies of these documents are available online at http://www.api.org/.)

ENERGY INSTITUTE (EI)

EI 1570 Handbook on Electronic Sensors for the Detection of Particulate Matter 

and/or Free Water During Aircraft Refueling.

EI 1581 Specifications and Qualifications Procedures for Aviation Jet Fuel

Filter/Separators

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EI 1583 Laboratory Tests and Minimum Performance Levels for Aviation Fuel

Filter Monitors

EI 1590 Specifications and Qualification Procedures for Aviation Fuel Microfilters

EI 1598 Design, Functional Requirements and Laboratory Testing Protocols for 

Electronic Sensors to Monitor Free Water and/or Particulate Matter in 

Aviation Fuel.

EI/JIG STD 1530 Quality assurance requirements for the manufacture, storage and

distribution of aviation fuels to airports

HM 50 Guidelines for the cleaning of tanks and lines for marine tank vessels

carrying petroleum and refined products

IP 170 Determination of Flash Point – Abel Closed Cup Method

IP 224 Determination of low lead content of light petroleum distillates by 

dithizone extraction and calorimetric determination

IP 540 Determination of the existent gum content of aviation turbine fuel-Jet 

evaporation method.

IP 564 Determination of the level of cleanliness of aviation turbine fuel –

Laboratory automatic particle counter method.

IP 565 Determination of the level of cleanliness of aviation turbine fuel –

Portable automatic particle counter method.

IP 577 Determination of the level of cleanliness of aviation turbine fuel –

Automatic particle counter method using light extinction

IP 583 Determination of the fatty acid methyl esters content of aviation turbine 

fuel using flow analysis by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy -

Rapid screening method

IP 585 Determination of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), derived from bio-diesel 

fuel, in aviation turbine fuel – GC-MS with selective ion monitoring/scan 

detection method

IP 590 Determination of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in aviation turbine fuel 

– HPLC evaporative light scattering detector method

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IP 599 Determination of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) in aviation turbine 

fuel – Gas Chromatography using heart- cut and refocusing

(Copies of these documents are available online at http://www.energyinst.org/home )

ASTM INTERNATIONAL

ASTM Manual 5 Aviation Fuel Quality Control Procedures

ASTM Manual 47 Fuel and Fuel System Microbiology: Fundamentals, Diagnosis, 

and Contamination Control

ASTM Sec 05/Vol 05.05 Combustion Characteristics; Manufactured Carbon and Graphite 

Products; Catalysts

ASTM D56 Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester 

(DoD adopted)

ASTM D86 Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at 

Atmospheric Pressure (DoD adopted)

ASTM D93 Standard Test Methods for Flash-Point by Pensky-Martens Closed 

Cup Tester (DoD adopted)

ASTM D130 Standard Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum 

Products by Copper Strip Test (DoD adapted)

ASTM D323 Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products 

(Reid Method) (DoD adapted)

ASTM D381 Standard Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet 

Evaporation (DoD adopted)

ASTM D396 Standard Specification for Fuel Oils (DoD adopted) 

ASTM D482 Standard Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products (DoD 

adopted)

ASTM D524 Standard Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of 

Petroleum Products (DoD adopted)

ASTM D613 Standard Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil (DoD 

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adopted)

ASTM D664 Standard Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by 

Potentiometric Titration (DoD adopted)

ASTM D665 Standard Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of 

Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water (DoD adopted)

ASTM D873 Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels 

(Potential Residue Method) (DoD adopted)

ASTM D892 Standard Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubrication 

Oils (DoD adopted)

ASTM D909 Standard Test Method for Supercharge Rating of Spark-Ignition 

Aviation Gasoline (DoD adopted)

ASTM D910 Standard Specification for Aviation Gasolines (DoD adopted) 

ASTM D975 Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils (DoD adopted)

ASTM D976 Standard Test Methods for Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate 

Fuels (DoD adopted)

ASTM D1094 Standard Test Method for Water Reaction of Aviation Fuels (DoD 

adopted)

ASTM D1298 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density Specific 

Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum 

Products by Hydrometer Method (DoD Adopted)

ASTM D1364 Standard Test Method for Water in Volatile Solvents (Karl Fisher 

Reagent Titration Method) (DoD adopted)

ASTM D1500 Standard Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products 

(ASTM Color Scale) (DoD adopted)

ASTM D1655 Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels (DoD adopted) 

ASTM D1796 Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the 

Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure) (DoD adopted)

ASTM D2274 Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate Fuel Oil 

(Accelerated Method) (DoD adopted)

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ASTM D2276 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contaminant in Aviation 

Turbine Fuel by Line Sampling (DoD adopted)

ASTM D2392 Standard Test Method for Color of Dyed Aviation Gasolines (DoD 

adopted)

ASTM D2622 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by 

Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

ASTM D2624 Standard Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity of Aviation and

Distillate Fuels (DoD adopted)

ASTM D2699 Standard Test Method for Research Octane Number of SparkIgnition Engine Fuel (DoD adopted)

ASTM D2700 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition

Engine Fuel (DoD adopted)

ASTM D2709 Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle Distillate

Fuels by Centrifuge (DoD adopted)

ASTM D3237 Standard Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption

Spectroscopy (DoD adopted)

ASTM D3240 Standard Test Method for Undissolved Water in Aviation Turbine 

Fuels (DoD adopted)

ASTM D3241 Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation

Turbine Fuels (DoD adopted)

ASTM D3341 Standard Test Method for Lead in Gasoline – Iodine Monochloride 

Method (DoD adopted)

ASTM D3487 Standard Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in 

Electrical Apparatus (DoD Adopted)

ASTM D3699 Standard Specification for Kerosene (DoD adopted)

ASTM D3703 Standard Test Method for Hydroperoxide Number of Aviation 

Turbine Fuels, Gasoline, and Diesel Fuels (DoD Adopted)

ASTM D3828 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup

Tester (DoD adopted)

ASTM D3948 Standard Test Method for Determining Water Separation 

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Characteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels by Portable Separometer 

(DoD adopted)

ASTM D4052 Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API 

Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter (DoD Adopted)

ASTM D4057 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and 

Petroleum Products (DoD adopted)

ASTM D4176 Standard Test Method for Free Water and Particulate

contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures) 

(DoD adopted)

ASTM D4177 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and 

Petroleum Products (DoD adopted)

ASTM D4294 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum 

Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry 

(DoD adopted)

ASTM D4306 Standard Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests

Affected by Trace Contamination (DoD adopted)

ASTM D4806 Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending 

with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel

(DoD adopted)

ASTM D4814 Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel

(DoD adopted)

ASTM D4815 Standard Test Method for Alcohol and C1 to C4 Alcohols in 

Gasoline by Gas Chromatography, Determination of MTBE, 

ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl (DoD adopted)

ASTM D4953 Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and 

Gasoline- Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method) (DoD adopted)

ASTM D5001 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Lubricity of Aviation 

Turbine Fuels by the Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator 

(BOCLE) (DoD adopted) 

ASTM D5006 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fuel System Icing 

Inhibitors (Ether Type) in Aviation Fuels (DoD adopted)

ASTM D5059 Standard Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by X-Ray 

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Spectroscopy (DoD adopted)

ASTM D5190 Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products 

(Automatic Method) (DoD adopted)

ASTM D5304 Standard Test Method for Assessing Middle Distillate Fuel Storage

Stability by Oxygen Overpressure (DoD adopted)

ASTM D5452 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation 

Fuels by Laboratory Filtration (DoD adopted)

ASTM D5453 Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light 

Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel, 

and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence

ASTM D5599 Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in 

Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Selective Flame 

Ionization Detection

ASTM D5798 Standard Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel 

Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines (DoD adopted)

ASTM D5854 Standard Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of 

Petroleum and Petroleum Products

ASTM D6078 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by 

the Scuffing Load Ball-on-Cylinder Evaluator (SLBOCLE)

ASTM D6079 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by 

the High-Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR) 

ASTM D6217 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Middle

Distillate Fuels by Laboratory Filtration

ASTM D6615 Standard Specification for Jet B Wide-Cut Aviation Turbine Fuel

ASTM D6751 Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for 

Middle Distillate Fuels 

ASTM D6883 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Stationary Coal from 

Railroad Cars, Barges, Trucks, or Stockpiles

ASTM D6890 Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and 

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Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by 

Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber

ASTM D7170 Standard Test Method for Determination of Derived Cetane 

Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils-Fixed Range Injection Period, 

Constant Volume Combustion Chamber Method

ASTM D7224 Standard Test Method for Determining Water Separation 

characteristics of Kerosene-Type Aviation Turbine Fuels 

Containing additives by Portable Separometer

ASTM D7371 Standard Test Method for Determination of Biodiesel (Fatty Acid 

Methyl Esters) Content in Diesel Fuel Oil Using Mid Infrared 

Spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR-PLS Method)

ASTM D7430 Standard Practice for Mechanical Sampling of Coal

ASTM D7467 Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend (B6 to 

B20) 

ASTM D7547 Standard Specification for Hydrocarbon Unleaded Aviation 

Gasoline

ASTM D7619 Standard Test Method for Sizing and Counting Particles in Light 

and Middle Distillate Fuels, by Automatic Particle Counter

ASTM D7688 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Lubricity of Diesel Fuels by 

the High-Frequency reciprocating Rig (HFRR) by Visual 

Observation

ASTM D7797 Standard Test Method for Determination of the Fatty Acid Methyl 

Esters Content of Aviation Turbine Fuel Using Flow Analysis by 

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy – Rapid Screening 

Method

(Copies of these documents are available online at http://www.astm.org)

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

EN 228 Automotive fuels - Unleaded petrol - Requirements and test 

methods

EN 590 Automotive fuels - Diesel - Requirements and test methods

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EN 15751 Automotive fuels – Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) fuel and

Blends with diesel fuel- Determination of oxidation stability by 

accelerated oxidation method

(Copies of these documents are available online at http://www.cen.eu/)

JOINT INSPECTION GROUP (JIG)

 JIG 2 Aviation Fuel Quality Control & Operating Standards For Airport 

Depots & Hydrants

 JIG 3 Aviation Fuel Quality Control & Operating Standards For Supply 

& Distribution Facilities

(Copies of these documents are available online at http://www.jigonline.come/.)

GOSUDARSTVENNYI STANDARTY (GOST), Euro-Asian Council of Standardization, 

Metrology, and Certification (EASC)

GOST 305-82 Diesel Fuel, Specifications

GOST 10227-86 Fuels for Jet Engines, Specifications

(Copies of these documents are available online at http://global.ihs.com)

UNITED KINGDOM MINISTRY OF DEFENCE – (UK MOD)

STANDARD 91-90 Gasoline Aviation: Grades 80/87, 100/130 and 100/130LL 

Joint Service Designation: AVGAS 80, AVGAS 100 and

AVGAS 100/130LL

STANDARD 91-91 Turbine Fuel, Aviation Kerosene Type, Jet A-1, NATO Code:

F-35, Joint Service Designation: AVTUR

(Copies of these documents are available online at https://sts.defencegateway.mod.uk )

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (ISO)

ISO 8217 Petroleum products – Fuels (class F) – Specifications for marine fuels

ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems Requirements

ISO 4406 Hydraulic fluid power-Fluids – method for coding the level of 

contamination by solid particles

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ISO 10012 Measurement management systems- Requirements for measurement 

processes and measuring equipment

(Copies of these documents are available online at http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_ics)

NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA)

NFPA 77 Recommended Practices on Static Electricity

(Copies of this document are available online at http://www.nfpa.org ) 

SAE INTERNATIONAL

SAE AMS 1424 Deicing/Anti-Icing Fluid, Aircraft SAE Type I

SAE AMS 1428 Fluid, Aircraft Deicing/Anti-icing, Non-Newtonian 

(Pseudoplastic), SAE Types II, III, and IV

SAE AMS 2518 Thread Compound, Anti-Seize, Graphite-Petrolatum

SAE AMS-G-4343 Grease, Pneumatic System

SAE AMS-G-6032 Grease, Plug Valve, Gasoline and Oil Resistant, NATO Code

Number G-363, Metric

SAE AMS-M-7866 Molybdenum Disulfide, Technical, Lubrication Grade

SAE AS 8660 Silicone Compound NATO Code Number S-736

SAE AS 87132 Lubricants, Cetyl Alcohol, 1-Hexadecanol, Application to

Fasteners

SAE J 1703 Motor Vehicle Brake Fluid

SAE J 1899 Lubricating Oil, Aircraft Piston Engine (Ashless Dispersant)

SAE J 1966 Lubricating Oils, Aircraft Piston Engine (Non-Dispersant 

Mineral Oil)

SAE J 2360 Automotive Gear Lubricants for Commercial and Military Use

(Copies of these documents are available online at http://www.sae.org )

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2.4 Order of Precedence. Unless otherwise noted herein or in the contract, in the event 

of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this 

document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and 

regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained.

3. DEFINITIONS ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

3.1 Definitions.

3.1.1 Acceptance - The act of an authorized Government representative by which the 

Government assumes for itself, or as agent of another, ownership of existing and identified 

supplies tendered, or approves specific services rendered, as partial or complete performance of 

the contract on the part of the contractor.

3.1.2 Additives - A material added to another, usually in small amounts, to impart or 

enhance desirable properties or to suppress undesirable properties.

3.1.3 Afloat DFSPs – Any MSC or Navy asset afloat that carries and issues DWCF fuel.

3.1.4 Appearance - Color, clarity, or evidence of stratification and contaminants that may 

be observed by visual examination of sample.

3.1.5 ASSIST - Acquisition Streamlining and Standardization Information System. The 

ASSIST-Online database is the official source for all Defense Standardization Program

documents and contains the most current information on these documents prepared by

Department of Defense DoD. It can be accessed at https://assist.dla.mil/ or

http://quicksearch.dla.mil. The ASSIST database lists defense and federal specifications and 

standards, defense handbooks, and commercial item descriptions (CIDs). Quality Product Lists 

(QPLs), adopted non- government standards (NGS) and other related standardization documents 

used by the DoD may be accessed at http://qpldocs.dla.mil/. 

3.1.6 B20 - A fuel blend consisting of 20 (+1) volume percent (vol % ) of biodiesel with 

the remaining 80 vol % a light middle or middle distillate diesel fuel meeting Specification D975 

grades No.1-D and No.2-D for any sulfur level specified. The biodiesel component of the blend 

will conform to the requirements of ASTM D6751 or EN 14214. The B6 to B20 blends shall 

conform to the requirements of ASTM D7467 specification. DoD only allows the use of B20 

biodiesel in non-tactical equipment.

3.1.7 Ballast - Water taken on board when a vessel is empty or partially loaded/ 

discharged to increase draught so that the propeller is fully immersed, stability and trim are 

maintained and stresses minimized.

3.1.8 Barrel - A volume of liquid petroleum product equal to 42 U. S. gallons (USG) (159 

Liters (L)).

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3.1.9 Batch – A specific quantity of product that is processed or utilized as a single unit 

and tested to meet test criteria and specifications.

3.1.10 Batch Number – A unique number that is assigned by refinery, intermediate 

terminal, or pipeline company that provides traceability to specified quantity of product.

3.1.11 Biodiesel - Fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived 

from vegetable oils or animal fats. Biodiesel can be used alone, or with 6 to 20 volume percent 

(vol %) of biodiesel (B6 to B20) blended with petroleum diesel as outlined in ASTM D7467. 

DoD only allows the use of B20 biodiesel. Biodiesel is meant to be used in standard diesel 

engines and should not be confused with the vegetable and waste oils used to fuel converted 

diesel engines.

3.1.12 Bleeding - The separation of liquid lubricant from lubricating grease for any 

cause.

3.1.13 Blending - The procedures by which predetermined quantities of two or more 

similar products are homogeneously mixed to upgrade one of the products or to produce an 

intermediate grade or quality. This term is also used to define the injection of additives, such as 

corrosion or icing inhibitors, into fuels.

3.1.14 Bulk Petroleum Products - Liquid petroleum product transported by various 

means and stored in tanks or containers having an individual fill capacity greater than 205 liters 

(about 55 gallons). (Exception: A 500 USG (1890 L) collapsible drum is considered a packaged 

item.)

3.1.15 Bunkers - Fuel intended for consumption to propel water-borne craft. Bunkers 

can be distillate, such as F-76, MGO, or JP-5. Bunkers can also mean a residual fuel oil such as 

Intermediate Fuel Oil 180 and Fuel Oil 380.

3.1.16 Burner Fuel - Any petroleum liquid suitable for the generation of heat by 

combination in a furnace or firebox as a vapor or a spray, or a combination of both.

3.1.17 Calibration - The determination of the values of the significant parameters by 

comparison with values indicated by a set of reference standards.

3.1.18 Capitalization - The process whereby the DLA division of the Defense-wide 

Working Capital Fund assumes management responsibility and ownership (title) without 

reimbursement for inventories financed from other DoD appropriations or funds, except as 

stipulated in DoD 7000.14-R.

3.1.19 Cargo Fuel - Fuel carried on board ship for eventual issue to consuming vessels as 

a bunker fuel or turn-in to a deep-water DFSP.

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3.1.20 Certificate of Analysis (CoA) – A CoA is issued by a laboratory that is preferably 

not of the originating refinery, usually at some point downstream of the point of manufacture, 

typically in the intermediate supply terminals where several batches of jet fuel may be 

commingled and that product re-batched. A CoA shall not be treated as a Refinery Certificate of 

Quality (RCQ).

3.1.21 Certificate of Conformance - A statement applied to the Material Inspection and 

Receiving Report by the Contractor indicating that the product being provided conforms to 

specification/contractual requirements. This statement is in lieu of a Government Inspection.

3.1.22 Clean (Clear) and Bright - The absence of visible solids, a cloud, a haze, an 

emulsion, or free water in the product (some specifications define this as Appearance, 

Workmanship, or as Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance). Bright is the sparkle of clean, dry 

product in transmitted light.

3.1.23 Coalesce - To unite to form one mass. A coalescer is designed to combine small 

water droplets into larger ones so they will fall to the bottom of the container. Many filters in 

use are combination filter/coalescer usually called filter-separators.

3.1.24 Commingling - The mixing of two or more products of different ownership, type, 

or grade.

3.1.25 Conductivity - The ability of a given substance to conduct electric current.

3.1.26 Contaminant - A foreign substance in a product.

3.1.27 Contaminated Product - A product into which one or more grades of another 

product has been accidentally mixed, or a product containing foreign matter such as dust, rust, 

water, or emulsions to the extent it changes the characteristics of the product.

3.1.28 Continuous Sample - A dynamic sample of fuel obtained from a pipeline in such a 

manner as to provide a representative average. This sample may be collected on a continuous 

basis (drip sample), or intermittently and proportional to time or flow (flow-proportional 

sample).

3.1.29 Cracked Stock - A petroleum fraction obtained from a cracking process rather 

than from simple distillation. In a cracking process, the hydrocarbon molecules are altered 

resulting in increased quantities of low- boiling fractions.

3.1.30 Dedicated System - An arrangement of pipeline(s), vessel(s), and/or truck(s) used 

exclusively to move only one fuel type (e.g. jet fuel, diesel, etc.).

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3.1.31 Defense Working Capital Fund - A DoD revolving fund that finances the buying 

and selling of goods and services. It also provides cost visibility and accountability to facilitate 

business operations. DLA inventories are sold to end user operational accounts (military units 

and Federal Agencies) that reimburse the DLA Division DWCF for costs incurred.

3.1.32 DWCF Batch Number- A unique number that is assigned that identifies a specific 

quantity of product in a single tank at a location holding DWCF fuel.

3.1.33 Dehydration - The removal of water.

3.1.34 Density - The density of a material is defined as its mass per unit volume. 

Density is typically reported at 15oC in kg/L or kg/m3. In some cases (for instance in the U.S. oil 

and gas industry), density is also defined as its weight per unit volume; although, this quantity is 

more properly called specific weight.

NOTE: The density of a material varies with temperature and pressure. (The variance is 

typically small for solids and liquids and much greater for gases.) Increasing the pressure on an 

object decreases the volume of the object and therefore increases its density. Increasing the 

temperature of a substance (with some exceptions) decreases its density by increasing the 

volume of that substance.

3.1.35 Deteriorated Product - A product in which one or more characteristics have 

changed to a level of quality outside the limits of the applicable specification.

3.1.36 Dissolved Water - Water in a solution which cannot be removed by mechanical 

means (e.g. filter/separator). The concentration of dissolved water varies with product 

temperature, the relative humidity of air contacting the product surface, and the chemical 

composition of the product.

3.1.37 Distillate Marine Fuel/Marine Gas Oil - A distillate fuel, whose derived sources 

can be from petroleum, synthetic, or renewable, used in marine diesel engines, gas turbines, and 

boilers. The official name of the fuel is “Distillate Marine Fuel” according to the specification 

ISO 8217. It is often called “Marine Gas Oil (MGO)” in the industry.

3.1.38 Downgrading - The procedures by which an off-specification or contaminated 

product (due to deterioration or contamination) is approved for use as a lower grade of the same 

or similar product; or as a completely different product.

3.1.39 Drag Reducer Additive - Also known as Drag Reducing Agents, DRAs and Flow 

Improvers are any material that reduces frictional pressure during fluid flow in a conduit or 

pipeline.

3.1.40 Entrained Water - Water carried by a product which does not settle out readily. 

Entrained water can be removed by mechanical means (e.g. filter/separator).

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3.1.41 Equivalent Tests - Test methods that provide analogous results and fully correlate 

with standard ASTM methods, but have not yet been formally accepted by ASTM. These test 

methods have been found to provide test results essentially identical to those produced by ASTM 

testing methods. Information on equivalent IP/ISO test methods can be found at 

http://ein.powerweb.co.uk/cssipmethodsqbe.htm

3.1.42 E85 - Fuel blend consisting of 51 to 83 vol % denatured ethanol with the 

remainder of gasoline or other hydrocarbon by volume. Used in flexible fuel ground vehicles 

with automotive spark-ignition engines. It is defined by ASTM D5798.

3.1.43 Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester (FAEE) - Sometimes referred to as biodiesel or B100 

(properties similar to FAME). Ethanol is the alcohol used to form this product.

3.1.44 Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) - Sometimes referred to as biodiesel or B100. 

Methanol is the alcohol used to form this product.

3.1.45 Filtering - A process of mechanically removing solids or free water from a 

petroleum product using a medium such as filtering paper, clay or diatomaceous earth.

3.1.46 Filter-Separator - A mechanical device designed to remove solid contaminants 

and to coalesce and separate water from fuels.

3.1.47 Floc Point - The highest temperature at which solid substances precipitate when a 

mixture 10% by volume of oil and 90% by volume of R-12 is cooled under specified conditions.

3.1.48 Free Water - Water in a petroleum product other than dissolved water. Free water 

may be in the form of droplets or haze suspended in the product and/or a water layer at the 

bottom of the container.

3.1.49 Fungible Fuel – Fuel that is totally interchangeable with other fuels of the same 

chemical properties or specification. This means fuel of the same grade manufactured by 

different refineries may be mixed and blended together during transit. Such fuel would lose its 

manufacturer’s identity but will have the same chemical properties as the specified product. 

Fuels containing formulations or characteristics which can be mixed and shipped in common 

distribution systems are fungible. Fuels containing unique formulations or characteristics (e.g., 

military specifications) are not fungible.

3.1.50 Fungible Pipeline System – Fungible pipeline systems are those that transport 

product batches commingled with others meeting the same specifications. In accordance with 

pipeline agreements and operating standards all batches entering the system shall have full 

documentation (RCQ, CoA, or RT) showing compliance with specification requirements.

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3.1.51 Gasohol - Defined by A-A-52530 (Gasohol, Automotive, Unleaded). A mixture 

of 90 vol% gasoline and 10 vol% denatured ethyl alcohol (ethanol) used as automotive gasoline.

3.1.52 Gasoline-oxygenate Blend - Spark-ignition engine fuel consisting primarily of 

gasoline with one or more oxygenates.

3.1.53 Gauging (gaging) - The act of measuring the height of product in a tank. During 

the process of gauging a tank, the temperature of the fuel is also normally measured.

3.1.54 Gauging for water - Obtaining the depth of the water bottom by taking a water cut. 

This is normally accomplished by coating a plumb bob, tape, or gauging stick with water-finding 

paste.

3.1.55 Gum - Description of resin-like, fuel insoluble deposits (contaminants) formed 

during the oxidative and thermal deterioration of petroleum fuels.

3.1.56 Homogeneity - A quality or state of being homogeneous or having a uniform 

composition. A product is considered homogeneous when its base components are mixed 

uniformly throughout (no stratification). Truly homogenous product is assumed when the API 

Gravity differs by no more than ± 0.3 degrees. This limit is established from the reproducibility 

in ASTM D 1298.

NOTE: The criteria for homogeneity may not apply for post-procurement products. For 

example, a sample taken from a depot tank after the receipt of a new batch may not, in all 

likelihood would not, meet the repeatability precision requirements.

3.1.57 Identification Tests - Selected tests applied to a sample to quickly determine the 

type or grade of the product represented or to determine if a quality has been altered by time or 

handling. See Type C test.

3.1.58 Inert Gas System - A gas or mixture of gases that contain insufficient oxygen to 

support hydrocarbon combustion used in cargo tanks to reduce the possibility of fire, explosion, 

or product deterioration. Introducing an inert gas or, more commonly, exhaust which has been 

“scrubbed” or filtered to remove any particulates, prevents the formation of a flammable 

atmosphere in cargo tanks during cargo operations in tankers.

3.1.59 Innage - The height of liquid in a tank or container measured from the bottom of 

the tank to the top surface of the liquid.

3.1.60 Inspect - To examine critically especially to detect flaws, errors, etc.

3.1.61 Interface - The common boundary (or surface) of two liquids (immiscible Liquids) 

(e.g. oil and water).

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3.1.62 Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits - The extent that properties of DoD-owned 

petroleum products may change beyond specification requirements and remain acceptable for 

receipt and issue within the DoD logistic system.

3.1.63 Light-Ends - The lower-boiling fractions of a fuel or oil.

3.1.64 Long Term Storage - Product at a depot for a period longer than that indicated in 

Table VIII which has not been recertified to at least a Type B-2 test. (See 5.9.1 for additional 

information)

3.1.65 Low Sulfur Diesel (LSD) - Diesel fuel with a maximum sulfur content of 0.05 

mass percent (500 ppm by mass). (See Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel)

3.1.66 Lubricity - The Ability of a fluid to reduce the friction between two surfaces in 

motion.

3.1.67 Marine Gas Oil (MGO) - A distillate fuel, containing no residuals, used for vessel 

propulsion. It May also be called Distillate Marine Fuel. Some grades of MGO may contain 

FAME which could be detrimental to marine propulsion systems.

3.1.68 Material Inspection and Receiving Report (DD Form 250/250-1) - The 

Government document identifying the contractor, product origin, product type, quality, quantity, 

and the destination of the product. The DD Form 250 document is signed by the Government 

Representative while the DD Form 250-1 (Tanker Barge Material Inspection and Receiving 

Report) is signed by the Government representative, a refinery/facility representative, and a 

vessel representative.

NOTE: For bunkers, a completed commercial report and/or order form should be used 

instead of the DD Form 250, which the Government will clearly annotate with quantity of fuel 

received, then sign and date the form.

3.1.69 Micron - One micron (μm, micrometer) is 1/1000 of one millimeter or 10-6 meter 

(approximately 25,400 μm equal one inch). The average human hair is about 100 μm in 

diameter. The openings in a 100- mesh screen are 150μm.

3.1.70 Mineral Oil - Lubricating oils produced from petroleum sources with or without 

additives.

3.1.71 MSC Auxiliary Vessels - The Military Sealift Command (MSC) is a United States 

Navy organization that controls most of the replenishment and military transport ships of the 

Navy. These ships are made up of a core fleet of ships owned by the United States Navy and 

others under long-term-charter augmented by short-term or voyage-chartered ships.

3.1.72 Off-Specification Product - A product which fails to meet one or more of the 

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physical, chemical, or performance requirements of the specification.

3.1.73 Outage (or Ullage) - The linear distance between the top surface of the liquid in a 

drum, tank, or tank car and the top of the container (or ullage may refer to available fill volume 

of the tank and is the difference between the full (rated) capacity and the actual contents of a 

storage container). In some tanks and tank cars, it is the difference between a reference mark 

and the surface of the liquid. It is important that some significant difference always exists in 

order to allow free space for content expansion in case of a rise in temperature. This Quantity is 

ships’ tanks are normally determined by outage (ullage) gauges.

3.1.74 Oxygenated Fuel - A fuel containing a chemical compound that has oxygen as a 

part of its chemical structure (e.g. alcohols, ethers) and is miscible with conventional 

hydrocarbon Oxygenated fuels generally show higher octane but lower heating values than that 

of hydrocarbon fuels.

3.1.75 Packaged Products - Petroleum products (generally a lubricant, oil, grease, or a 

specialty item) normally packaged by a manufacturer and procured, stored, transported, and 

issued in containers having a fill capacity of 55 USG (45 Imperial gallons, or 205 liters) or less.

3.1.76 Particle Counting – A method for determining the level of dispersed particles,

specifically dirt particles and water droplets in the range from 4um (c) to 30 um (c). A 

cumulative channel count is collected and provided for each defined channel. Results are 

reported ISO Codes IAW ISO 4406.

3.1.77 Pipeline batch - The quantity of a product pumped into the pipeline in one 

continuous operation.

3.1.78 Pipeline Tender - A quantity of product offered or designated for pipeline 

shipment. It may be moved in one or more batches.

3.1.79 Post, Camps and Stations (PC&S) - Post, Camps and Stations purchase program 

supports the military services, DoD activities and Federal agencies with fuels, which are 

delivered directly by the vendor.

3.1.80 Pre-Award Survey (PAS) - An evaluation of a prospective contractor’s capability 

to perform a proposed contract.

3.1.81 Product Equilibrium - When all residual movement has ceased in a storage tank 

after receipt of product. A tank must be at equilibrium to be ready for final gauging or 

measurement after receipt.

3.1.82 Product Quality Deficiency Report (PQDR) - The DoD Product Quality 

Deficiency Reporting process is used to identify, report, and resolve conditions negatively 

impacting the war fighter. The PQDR process provides timely quality feedback to activities 

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responsible for design, development, purchasing, production, supply, maintenance, contract 

administration, and other functions so that action can be initiated to determine cause, take 

corrective action, and prevent recurrence. Integrates deficiency analysis and resolution processes 

to identify root cause and prevent or mitigate recurrence within acquisition, quality, systems 

engineering, and overall life cycle management plans. It allows originating activities a means to 

obtain cost credit, replacement, and/or contractual remedy for procurement related quality 

deficiencies resulting from poor workmanship, nonconformance to applicable specifications, 

drawings, standards, processes or other technical requirements.

3.1.83 Qualified Products Database (QPD) - This database consists of the officially 

approved electronic QPLs. Only those electronic QPLs published in the QPD are the official 

source for qualified products. The link to the QPD webpage is through ASSIST Online.

3.1.84 Qualified Products List. (QPL) - An electronic list in the Qualified Products 

Database (QPD) of products or families of products that have successfully completed the formal 

qualification process (including all specified periodic tests) that examines, tests, and verifies that 

a specific product design meets all the applicable specification requirements. The link to the 

QPL webpage is through ASSIST Online.

3.1.85 Quality - The composite of materiel attributes including performance, features and 

characteristics of a product, or service to satisfy a given requirement.

3.1.86 Quality Assurance (QA) - A system of activities, the purpose of which is to 

provide to the producer and user of a product, measurement or service the assurance that it meets 

the defined standards of quality with a stated level of confidence and includes quality planning 

and quality control. A planned and systematic pattern of all actions necessary to ensure that 

adequate technical requirements are established; that products, quantity accountability, and 

services conform to these established technical requirements; and that satisfactory performance 

is achieved. It includes: Quality planning during specification development and review; Quality 

support to contracting and acquisition teams; Quality oversight of product and service providers 

to assure compliance to contracts and agreements; Quality control operations for products and 

services incoming or in the Government supply chain; and, Quantity measurement and control 

activities. Contract QA is a method the Government uses to determine if products and/or 

services a supplier provided fulfilled its contractual obligations and includes all actions required 

to ensure compliance to contractual or agreement terms and conditions. Generically the term QA 

refers to all processes and procedures encompassing Quality planning/development, QA, Quality 

Surveillance, and Quality Control.

3.1.87 Quality Assurance Representative (QAR) - An organizational title assigned to the 

individual responsible for Government contract QA functions. QARs have cognizance over the 

procurement of product and/or services at contractor facilities (e.g. refineries, terminals, 

packaging plants, laboratories, and into- plane sites). DLA Energy DQARs perform both QA 

and in some cases QS functions. The Military Services may use other organizational titles for 

their personnel performing QA and QS functions.

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3.1.88 Quality Control Plan (QCP) - The written procedures developed by a contractor, 

encompassing contractor programs, processes and inspections, which assures the quality of 

services, quality and quantity of products, and conformance to other related contract 

requirements.

3.1.89 Quality Notification - Quality Notifications are product and services report 

customer/depot complaints on product purchased. 

3.1.90 Quality Status List (QSL) – A list containing shelf-life information to determine if 

Type II (extendable) shelf-life material may continue to be used.

3.1.91 Quality Surveillance (QS) - A subset of QA encompassing the program of 

inspections, sampling, testing, quantity measurement and control, and documentation established 

to monitor the quality/quantity of product being received, stored and issue within the 

Government supply chain.

3.1.92 Recertification Test Certification (RT Certificate)– A limited test analysis used to 

verify product quality

3.1.93 Reclamation - Procedure to restore or change the quality of an off-specification or 

contaminated product so it will meet the specification of the original product or a lower grade 

product. The reclamation process, when properly applied, will result in down-grading, blending, 

purification, or dehydration.

3.1.94 Refinery Certificate of Quality (RCQ) – The RCQ (formerly referred to as a 

Certificate of Quality, Certificate of Analysis or Certified Batch Analysis, Refinery Batch Test 

Certificate) is produced at the point of manufacture and is the definitive original document 

describing the quality of a production batch of fuel.

3.1.95 Relative Density (Specific Gravity) - The ratio of the mass of a volume of a liquid 

at a specific temperature to the mass of an equal volume of pure water at the same or different 

temperature. Both reference temperatures shall be explicitly stated. Common reference 

temperatures include 60/60oF, 20/20oC.

3.1.96 Release Certificate (RC) – The Release Certificate is an operational document 

issued by the operator of the site handling/transferring the product that is linked to one or more 

laboratory test certificates

3.1.97 Repeatability - Difference between two test results, obtained by the same operator 

with same apparatus under constant operating conditions on identical test material would, in the 

long term and correct operation of the test method, exceed the values given only in one case in 

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twenty.

3.1.98 Representative Sample - A portion extracted from a total volume that contains the 

constituents in the same proportions as are present in the total volume. 

3.1.99 Reproducibility - Quantitative expression of the random error associated with 

operators working in different laboratories, each obtaining single results on identical test material 

when applying the same method.

3.1.100 Requiring Installation - A military installation, organization, or facility 

authorized to requisition and receive material from designated distribution and storage points.

3.1.101 Residual Marine Fuel (RME 180 and RMG 380 Grades) - Petroleum residual fuel 

for use in marine diesel engines and boilers. This product (grade) of marine fuel is a heavier fuel 

than a marine distillate fuel.

3.1.102 Sample - A portion extracted from a total volume which may or may not contain 

constituents in the same proportions that are present in that total volume.

3.1.102.1 Bulk products samples can be taken from acceptance tanks, storage tanks, 

delivery trucks, intermodal containers, pipelines, barges or tankers. Samples may be taken either 

manually (upper, middle, lower, bottom, composite all-level) or automatically (line, flowproportionate).

3.1.102.2 For DLA Energy contracts, samples are taken in accordance with API Manual 

of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 8, Section 1, Standard Practice for 

Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (ASTM D4057) and/or Automatic 

Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (ASTM D4177). Samples are identified by a 

sample tag noting location, product, tank number, type of sample/sampler, and date (see 

continuous sample).

3.1.102.3 Packaged products, samples may be taken from drums or cans using a tube or 

thief sampler. Sampling may also be accomplished by selecting an individual unit from a 

collection of packaged products.

3.1.103 Sample Tag - DD Form 2927, Petroleum and Lubricants Sample Identification 

Tag or equivalent label used for identification of petroleum and lubricant samples.

3.1.104 Settling time - The time a product needs to remain undisturbed or un-agitated in a 

storage tank to reduce the static charge of the fuel and/or to allow water and sediment to be 

eliminated/reduced from the product.

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3.1.105 Service Control Point – Military service agency that provides technical guidance 

on the use of commodities (bulk or packaged), equipment and infrastructure. The three Service 

Control points are the Army Petroleum Center (APC), the Naval Supply Systems Command 

(NAVSUP) Energy, and the Air Force Petroleum Agency (AFPA).

3.1.106 Shall - A directive or requirement: command. (Compare to “Should”)

3.1.107 Shelf Life, Type I - A definite non-extendable period of shelf life.

3.1.108 Shelf Life, Type II - An assigned shelf-life period that may be extended after 

successful completion of inspection, testing, or restorative action.

3.1.109 Should – Not required, but highly recommended. (Compare to “Shall”)

3.1.110 Specification - A document prepared to support acquisition that describes 

essential technical requirements for material and the criteria for determining whether those 

requirements are met. Specifications can be classified as Federal, Military, Commercial, or 

Voluntary Standard. Specifications can be categorized as functional, design, or a performance

specification. Petroleum specifications are usually a combination of functional and performance 

categories.

3.1.111Specification Limits - Boundaries or parameters that define acceptable 

performance for a characteristic expressed as a target maximum or minimum limit, or both an 

upper and lower limit (range).

3.1.112 Specific Gravity - The relative density.

3.1.113 Storage Tank - A fixed container that can be above ground, underground, or 

collapsible, made of steel, fiberglass, or fabric, that is used to store liquid POL.

3.1.114 Super-Clean Fluid - A fluid having a specified particulate contamination limit so 

low that the product is packaged in hermetically sealed containers under clean room conditions.

3.1.115 Surfactant - In fuels, surface active material (or surface active agent) that could 

disarm (deactivate) filter separator (coalescing) elements so that free water is not removed from 

the fuel in active service.

3.1.116 Synthetic Petroleum Product - Materiel not refined from petroleum sources; 

usually produced by chemical synthesis.

3.1.117 Tank Car (TC or RTC) - Rail car specifically designed to transport products.

3.1.118 T-AO. Fleet Replenishment Oilers (MSC Auxiliary Vessel) - Fleet 

replenishment oilers are the largest subset of Naval Fleet Auxiliary Force ships. They provide 

fuel to deployed ships at sea, as well as to their assigned aircraft. Oilers and the ships they refuel 

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sail side-by-side as fuel hoses are extended across guide wires.

3.1.119 T-AOE. Fast Combat Support Ships (MSC Auxiliary Vessel) - Fast combat 

support ships provide fuel, ammunition, food and other cargo. These ships are especially 

valuable because of the speed and ability to carry all the essentials to replenish ships at sea.

3.1.120 T-AKE - Dry Cargo/Ammunition Ships (MSC Auxiliary Vessel). Dry 

Cargo/Ammunition Ships are the newest class supply ship in the fleet. They are able to deliver 

ammunition, provisions, stores, spare parts, potable water and petroleum products to the Navy’s 

carrier strike groups and other naval forces worldwide. Designed to operate for extended periods 

at sea, the Lewis and Clark class ships have improved cargo handling equipment that increases 

efficiency and makes the ships more cost effective to operate and maintain.

3.1.121 Testing - Analytical techniques using instruments, equipment, and other methods 

to predict fuel and lubricant test values using compositional data typically determined by 

chemistry methods.

3.1.121.1 Type A Tests - Complete quality conformance specification acceptance tests.

3.1.121.2 Type B-1 Tests - Partial analysis checking for the principal characteristics 

most likely to be affected in the course of moving the product.

3.1.121.3 Type B-2 Tests – Partial analysis to verify stability of characteristics 

susceptible to deterioration due to age, environmental or storage conditions.

3.1.121.4 Type B-3 Tests - Partial analysis for contamination; in particular, for 

controlling the re-injection of pipeline interface products.

3.1.121.5 Type C Tests - Quick, simple, partial analysis to verify product quality and to 

ensure that no change has taken place. Type C tests can be referred to as identification tests.

3.1.122 Thief - A sampling apparatus designed so a liquid sample can be obtained from 

any specified point in the container.

3.1.123 Tolerance - Allowed variations within a specified standard.

3.1.124 Transmix - A mixture of gasoline, diesel fuel and/or jet fuel resulting from 

various operations such as pipeline transfers, barge transfers, cross contamination of tanks.

3.1.125 Truck - As defined in DoD 4140.25-M and this Standard, can be either a truck, 

tank wagon or truck trailer.

3.1.125.1 Tank Truck (TT) - A delivery truck with a capacity between 4,000 and 11,000 

USG (15,000 to 41,600 L), equipped with a 15-ft (5 m) hose but usually not requiring a meter.

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3.1.125.2 Tank Wagon (TW) - Delivery truck with a capacity up to 5,200 USG (19,700 

L) equipped with a meter, nozzle, 100 feet (30m) of hose, and used for making multiple, small 

deliveries. 

3.1.125.3 Truck and Trailer (TRR) - A delivery truck (line haul) usually having a 9,000 

USG (34,000 L) capacity (minimum) equipped with a 15-foot (5 m) hose. A meter is not 

required unless specifically stated in contract terms and conditions.

3.1.126 Turbine Fuels - Turbine fuel is a mixture of hydrocarbons, broadly classified as 

kerosene based.

3.1.126.1 JP-8 (NATO F-34) – A kerosene type fuel similar to commercial Jet A-1 with 

the addition of Corrosion Inhibitor/Lubricity Improver (CI/LI), Fuel System Icing Inhibitor 

(FSII), and Static Dissipater Additive (SDA). This is also referred to as dual purpose kerosene.

3.1.126.2 JP-5 (NATO F-44) - A high flash point kerosene type of fuel. It is additized 

with CI/LI and FSII.

3.1.126.3 JP-4 (NATO F-40) - A highly flammable fuel containing gasoline and 

kerosene fractions. This grade is maintained in select areas to aid in cold weather starting. It is 

additized with CI/LI, FSII, and SDA.

3.1.126.4 TS-1 - A kerosene type fuel supplied in various locations in southwest Asia. 

Typically this fuel has a lower flash point than JP-8. For DoD use, it will be additized with 

CI/LI, FSII, and SDA. Use of the Russian additive package is disallowed without approval from 

the Service Control Point.

3.1.126.5 JP-8+100 (NATO F-37) - JP-8 that has been additized with thermal stability 

improver additive. This additive, referred to as the +100 additive, consists of antioxidants, 

detergent/dispersants, metal deactivators, and solvents which increases the thermal stability of 

JP-8.

3.1.126.6 JPTS (Jet Propellant Thermally Stable) - A jet fuel used in limited quantities 

for special applications used for high altitude and has a high thermal stability.

3.1.126.7 Jet A w/ Additives (NATO F-24) - F-24 (NATO) – Jet A (ASTM D1655) with 

mandatory addition of CI/LI, FSII, and SDA at concentrations prescribed IAW MIL-DTL-83133.

3.1.126.8 Jet A w/ Additives +100 (NATO F-27) - Jet A (NATO F-24) additized with 

the +100 additive per concentrations prescribed in MIL-DTL-83133.

3.1.126.9 Jet A (procured to ASTM D1655) and Jet A-1 (procured to DEFSTAN 91-91)

- Standard commercial aviation turbine engine fuels.

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3.1.127 Ullage - That volume of a closed system or container which is filled with vapor.

3.1.128 Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) - Diesel fuel with a maximum sulfur content of 

0.0015 mass percent (15 ppm by mass). (See Low Sulfur Diesel)

3.1.129 Vapor Pressure (VP) - The pressure exerted by the vapor of a liquid when in 

equilibrium with the liquid.

3.1.130 Verification Tests - The testing performed by the supplier on samples verified 

(witnessed) by the QAR after the supplier has completed full specification testing and certified 

each shipping tanks as ready for acceptance. The scope of the testing is the minimum required to 

verify that the results presented by the supplier on his full spec test report in fact reflects the 

product being offered.

3.1.131 Volatile Alkyl Lead Antiknock - Volatile alkyl lead compounds (e.g. tetramethyl 

lead and tetraethyl lead) which increase the octane rating when added to gasoline in small 

proportions.

3.1.132 Wide Area Workflow - Wide Area Workflow (WAWF) is a secure web based 

system for electronic invoicing, receipt, and acceptance. WAWF allows government vendors to 

submit and track invoices and receipt/acceptance documents over the web and allows 

government personnel process those invoices in a real-time, paper.

3.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations.

ACS American Chemical Society

AFPA Air Force Petroleum Agency

AGMA American Gear Manufacturers Association 

AIR Card Aviation Into-plane Reimbursement Card 

AKI Anti-Knock Index

AO Anti-Oxidant additive

AMPS Account Management and Provisioning System

ARP Alternate Release Procedure

ASSIST Acquisition Streamlining and Standardization Information System

APC Army Petroleum Center

API American Petroleum Institute

BBL Barrel

BDN Bunker Delivery Note

BOCLE Ball On Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator

BTU British Thermal Unit

CCAI Calculated Carbon Aromaticity Index 

CID Commercial Item Descriptions

CI/LI Corrosion Inhibitor /Lubricity Improver additive

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CTP Custody Transfer Point

CoA Certificate of Analysis

COCO Contractor-Owned, Contractor-Operated

CU Conductivity Unit 

DCMA Defense Contract Management Agency 

DFAMS Defense Fuel Automated Management System 

DFARS Defense Federal Acquisition Regulations Supplement

DFSP Defense Fuel Supply Point

DLA Defense Logistics Agency (Energy)

DMA Distillate Marine A

DMF Distillate Marine Fuel

DoD Department of Defense

DoDSSP Department of Defense Single Stock Point

DPK Dual Purpose Kerosene

DRA Drag Reducer Additive

DWCF Defense Working Capital Fund

EA Executive Agency

EBS Enterprise Business System

EI Energy Institute

ETR Ellipsometer Tube Rater (Ellipsometer)

FAEE Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester

FAME Fatty Acid Methyl Ester

FAR Federal Acquisition Regulations

FLC Fleet Logistic Centers

FMD Fuels Manager Defense

FOB Free on Board

FSC Federal Supply Class

FSII Fuel System Icing Inhibitor

GOCO Government-Owned, Contractor-Operated

HFRR High Frequency Reciprocating Rig

IAW In Accordance With

IFO Intermediate Fuel Oil

ISO International Organization for Standardization

ITR Interferometer Tube Rater (Interferometer)

IGRL Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits

JP Jet Propellant

JPO Joint Petroleum Office

JPTS Jet Propulsion, Thermally Stable 

LSD Low Sulfur Diesel

MDA Metal Deactivator Additive 

MGO Marine Gas Oil

MPMS Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards

MMR Motor Mid-grade, Reformulated (unleaded) gasoline 

MPR Motor Premium, Reformulated (unleaded) gasoline

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MRR Motor Regular, Reformulated (unleaded) gasoline

MSC Military Sealift Command

MSEP Micro-Separometer (Sometimes old reference WSIM is used)

MUM Motor Unleaded, Mid-grade gasoline

MUP Motor Unleaded, Premium gasoline

MUR Motor Unleaded, Regular gasoline

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization

NAVSUP Naval Supply Systems Command (Energy)

NGS Non-Government Standards

NLGI National Lubricating Grease Institute

Nm Nanometer (nm equals 10-9 meter)

NSN National Stock Number

PAS Pre-Award Survey

POL Petroleum, Oils and Lubricants

PORTS Paperless Ordering & Receipt Transaction Screen 

PQDR Product Quality Deficiency Report

ppm Parts Per Million

psi Pounds per Square Inch

PC&S Posts, Camps and Stations

QAR Quality Assurance Representative

QAS Quality Assurance Specialist

QCP Quality Control Plan

QPD Qualified Products Database

QPL Qualified Products List

QS Quality Surveillance

RC Release Certificate

RCO Refinery Certificate of Quality

RT Recertification Test Certificate 

RME Marine Residual Fuel Oil, such as RME-180

S&W Sediment and Water, may be referred to as Basic, Sediment and Water

SAP Systems, Applications, Products in Data Processing

SCP Service Control Point

SDA Static Dissipater Additive

SLBOCLE Scuffing Load Ball-On-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator

STANAG Standardization Agreement (NATO document)

TEL Tetraethyl lead

ULSD Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel

USG U.S. Gallons

VP Vapor Pressure

VOL % Volume Percentage

VTR Visual Tube Rater

WAWF Wide Area Workflow

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4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

4.1 Personnel Competency. Personnel responsible for handling fuels and lubricants shall 

be thoroughly trained and fully qualified to perform their assigned responsibilities. They shall be 

aware of the hazards in handling fuels and lubricants, as well as the applicable safety and 

operating procedures.

4.2 Service/Contractor Responsibilities. The owning Service/Contracted activity shall 

have the responsibility of maintaining quality and quantity of Defense Working Capital Fund 

products while in their keeping (e.g. receiving, storing, sampling, testing, and releasing) and 

shall dispense those products as required to using activities. The Service/Contracted activity shall 

develop, establish and maintain a quality surveillance program IAW this Standard for DWCF

products from the point of receipt on the installation to the point of sale. The program shall be in 

accordance with this standard and be in effect from receipt to end-item issue. Quality problems 

involving Defense Working Capital Fund product (e.g. off-spec product, downgrading of 

product, etc.) shall be addressed as outlined in this Standard. Adequate sampling and testing 

programs can reduce or in some cases eliminate quality problems.

4.2.1 Sampling. All samples shall be taken in accordance with ANSI Z1.4; API MPMS, 

Chapter 8, Section 1, Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (ASTM D4057);

and Section 2, Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (ASTM D4177), 

and/or as prescribed by product specification or contract requirements. For Aerospace Energy 

Commodities (e.g. gases, cryogenics, liquid propellant and hypergols) refer to the appropriate 

product specification to determine appropriate sampling methods and procedures.

4.2.1.1 Precautions. The precautions required to ensure representative sampling are 

many and depend on type of product being sampled, the type of container from which it is drawn 

and the sampling procedures employed. Each procedure is suitable for sampling a specific 

product under definite storage, transportation and container conditions.

4.2.1.2 Personnel Conducting Sampling. Because improperly taken samples can 

completely invalidate a test, only trained and experienced personnel shall be assigned to sample 

the products. This cannot be overstressed: No amount of laboratory work gives reliable data on 

a product if the sample is not a true representation of that product.

4.2.1.3 Responsibility. This Standard shall in no way alter any assigned responsibility of 

the various activities outside the continental United States for submitting special samples to a 

designated laboratory or as directed by cognizant headquarters.

4.2.1.4 Types of Samples. A sample is a portion of a product taken which represents that 

entire batch or delivery or a specific spot within a tank or container. The various types of 

samples follow:

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4.2.1.4.1 All level Sample. A sample obtained by submerging a stoppered beaker or 

bottle to a point as near as possible to the draw off level, then opening the sampler and raising it 

at such a rate that it is approximately three fourths full as it emerges from the liquid.

4.2.1.4.2 Upper Sample. One taken from the middle point of the upper third of the tank 

contents.

4.2.1.4.3 Middle Sample. A spot sample taken from the middle tank’s contents (a 

distance of one-half of depth of liquid below the liquid’s surface).

4.2.1.4.4 Lower Sample. One taken at the middle point of the lower third of the tank 

contents.

4.2.1.4.5 Top Sample. One taken within six inches below the top surface of the tank 

contents.

4.2.1.4.6 Composite Sample. A blend of spot samples mixed in proportion to the 

volumes of material from which the spot samples were obtained.

4.2.1.4.7 Drain Sample. One taken from the draw-off or discharge valve.

4.2.1.4.8 Bottom Sample. One taken on the bottom surface of the tank, container, or 

pipeline at its lowest point. The drain and bottom samples are usually obtained to check for 

water, sludge, scale, or other contaminants.

4.2.1.4.9 Bottom Water Sample. A spot sample of free water taken from beneath the 

petroleum contained in a ship or barge compartment or a storage tank.

4.2.1.4.10 Single Tank Composite Sample. A blend of the upper, middle, and lower 

samples of the tank contents. The portion of the sample quantity to be taken at each level varies 

according to the type of tank and shall be determined by applicable procedure (see 4.2.1).

4.2.1.4.11 Conveyance Volumetric Composite Sample. A blend of individual all-level 

samples from each compartment of the ship, barge, or carrier that contains the same grade of 

product in proportion to the volume of product in each compartment.

4.2.1.4.12 Outlet (Suction) Sample. One taken at the level of the tank outlet.

4.2.1.4.13 Automatic Sample. A sample taken from a pipeline conveying the product in 

such a manner as to give a representative average of the stream throughout the period of transit.

4.2.1.4.14 Mixed Sample. One obtained by mixing or vigorously stirring the contents of 

the original container and then pouring out or drawing off the quantity desired.

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4.2.1.4.15 Spot Sample. A sample taken at a specific location in a tank or from a 

flowing stream in a pipe at a specific time.

4.2.1.4.16 Tube or Thief Sample. One taken with a sampling tube or special thief, either 

as a core or spot sample from a specified point in the container.

4.2.1.4.17 Batch/Lot Samples. One obtained from a collection of units of packaged 

products.

4.2.1.5 Taking of Samples. A sample log should be maintained for all samples taken.

4.2.1.5.1 Sampling Apparatus, Containers, and Procedures. Warning! All safety 

instructions shall be strictly observed.

a. Approved type sample containers shall be used as specified by ASTM, API, 

Department of Transportation, or International Civil Aviation Organization. Samples of aviation 

fuel submitted specifically for water and sediment determinations shall always be collected in 

clear glass bottles and protected from exposure to sunlight. Aviation sample containers used for 

samples taken for thermal stability, MSEP, electrical conductivity, lubricity, trace metals, copper

corrosion, or particulates shall conform to ASTM D4306.

b. All sampling apparatus and containers shall be thoroughly clean and dry and special 

care shall be taken so that no lint or fibrous material remains in or on them. Unless otherwise 

specified in the test procedures, apparatus and containers shall be rinsed with a portion of the 

product being sampled to ensure the sample is not contaminated with the previous material. 

Coated cans that have been presoaked with a product are preferred when sampling for water 

reaction and for thermal stability. If not available, then clear or amber gallon glass jugs work 

very well. If clear glass containers are used, then they shall be prepared (e.g. wrapped in 

aluminum foil immediately after sampling) to prevent light absorption. Sufficient liquid product 

shall be in the sample lines and fittings before taking any sample. Sampling apparatus shall be 

cleaned immediately after use and stored so it will remain clean until next use.

c. Unless specifically required for special testing, do not take samples through storage 

tank clean-out lines, manifolds, water draw-offs, bleeder valves, or hose nozzles. Such samples 

will not be representative of the product in the tank. When it is necessary to sample service 

station tanks and access to such tanks cannot be gained though a manhole or sampling hatch, the 

tanks may be sampled through a servicing hose after first discharging from the hose a volume of 

product estimated at two-times the capacity of the piping system. When sampling from Afloat 

DFSPs and access to such cannot be gained through a manhole or sampling hatch, tanks may be 

sampled through a sounding tube.

d. Containers such as drums shall be sampled with a thief. In sampling drums and cans, 

care shall be taken to remove all foreign matter from the area near the enclosure before the plug 

is removed.

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e. Immediately after taking samples, close all sample containers tightly. Do not use 

sealing wax, paraffin, rubber gaskets, pressure sensitive tapes, or similar material to seal

containers. Lightweight sample containers shall be adequately crated to withstand shipment. To 

prevent leakage caused by thermal expansion of the product, do not fill any sample container 

above 80 percent volume capacity.

f. Samples for air shipment of turbine fuels and automotive gasoline shall be in UN1A1 

cans, NSN 8110-01-371-8315 (1-gallon), with 4G fiberboard boxes, NSN 8110-01-436-7340 

(drum and box combination). The round sample can, NSN 8115-01-192-0935, is suitable for 

ground shipment of fuels products, via United Parcel Service (UPS).

4.2.1.5.2 Sample Log Requirements. Each activity shall maintain a sample log. All 

samples submitted shall contain at minimum, the following information:

a. Sample number

b. Location sample taken (e.g. tank number, truck number, filter-separator number, etc.)

c. Type sample

d. Date sample taken

e. Name of person taking sample

f. Reason sample taken

g. Product and Grade

h. Specification (include approved waiver limits, if known)

i. Amount of product the sample represents

j. Type of tests requested to be performed by the lab

k. Date sample sent to the laboratory

l. Date results received back from the laboratory

m. Laboratory Report number (When a test report is generated)

n. Laboratory Status results (e.g. on-specification, within IGRL, off-specification for

XXX test)

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4.2.1.6 Precautions.

a. Samples shall be well protected from contamination and direct sunlight. Some of 

these products, especially gasoline, will change color rapidly on short exposure to sunlight and 

result in rapid increase in gum and decrease in stability. Lead additives, such as tetraethyl lead, 

are particularly unstable in sunlight and may appear as a gray or gray-white precipitate on the 

bottom of a container. If clear glass bottles are the only containers available for sampling

product containing lead, the bottles shall be covered with foil or paper immediately after filling

to avoid exposure to sunlight.

b. Samples of gasoline and jet fuel that require the vapor pressure test shall be carefully 

handled and collected to preclude the loss of light-ends. Vapor pressures are extremely sensitive 

to evaporation losses and to slight changes in composition. When obtaining, storing, or handling 

samples, observe the necessary precautions to ensure samples are representative of the product 

and satisfactory for vapor pressure tests (See ASTM D4057). Whenever practicable, 

arrangements should be made to maintain liquid fuel samples at a temperature between minus 

1°C and 4°C (30°F and 40°F). This helps preserve its characteristics from the point of sampling 

to the laboratory.

c. If the API gravities of fuel samples taken from the upper, middle and lower levels of a 

tank do not differ by more than the reproducibility precision statement of the test method used 

for the type of liquid in question, then make a composite of these samples for additional testing. 

If the variation is greater, test the samples separately because the fuel may have stratified. In this 

case, each of the various stratified layers shall be tested independently for conformance to the 

product specification.

4.2.1.7 Size of Samples.

4.2.1.7.1 Normal Sample Size. Normally, liquid samples submitted for type A or B 

analysis shall not be less than 4L (one-USG) total size; semisolids shall not be less than 2.25kg 

(five pounds).

4.2.1.7.2 Special Sample Size. Special samples and gasoline samples requiring ASTM 

D909 aviation supercharge method of determining performance numbers shall be of 20L (five 

USG) size unless otherwise directed.

4.2.1.7.3 Jet Fuel. Samples of jet fuel requiring full specification testing shall be 8L 

(two USG), 4L (one USG) of which will be used for the filtration time/particulate contamination 

test.

4.2.1.7.4 E85 Sample. When required, submit a one-gallon sample for specification 

conformance testing, to include ethanol content.

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4.2.1.7.5 B20 Sample. When required, submit a one-gallon sample for specification 

conformance testing.

4.2.1.8 Identification of Samples. Immediately after sampling, identify each sample 

container by securely attaching a DD Form 2927, Petroleum and Lubricants Sample 

Identification Tag, or other equivalent approved tag. Information on the tag shall include:

a. the location of the facility at which the sample is taken.

b. name of personnel taking the sample

c. grade of material

d. quantity represented

e. specification of material when known

f. storage tank number and location

g. date sample was taken

h. type of sample

i. reason for sample.

j. For turbine fuel electrical conductivity (in picosiemens per meter (pS/m) units) results, 

specify tank ambient temperature and request correction of conductivity value to that 

temperature.

4.2.1.8.1 Markings. In the case of packaged products, the complete markings shown on 

the container shall be furnished. The container from which the sample was taken shall be 

marked with the sample number for future identification.

4.2.1.8.2 Sample Serial Numbers. Each sample shall be assigned a serial number that 

shall allow for the sample to be uniquely identified. The unique sample ID number shall include 

reference to the calendar year for historical purposes.

4.2.1.8.3 Retained Samples. Unless otherwise specifically instructed, samples shall be 

retained for 45 days for reference purposes. Tank Truck and Rail Car samples will be retained 

for 15 days for reference purpose.

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4.2.1.9 Shipping Samples to a Laboratory-Chain of Custody Requirement. In order to 

ensure sample integrity a record of the chain of custody must be maintained by the sample owner 

until sample disposal. Federal Express and or UPS documentation is to be on file when shipped 

from the DFSP. Each change of custody shall be documented at the time and place of transfer 

including signature of the custodian.

4.2.1.10 Sampling and Gauging JPTS Cargo Tanks or Vessels. Gauging, sampling, and 

water-cutting of JPTS compartments should not be conducted at terminals unless it is discharged 

at the terminal or there is a clear indication of contamination or an abnormal unaccountable 

quantity loss/gain. If JPTS compartments are gauged/sampled, all equipment introduced into the 

fuel shall be cleaned and repetitions shall be minimized. All cleaning of equipment shall be in 

accordance with 4.2.1.5.1.b A note shall be placed on the DD Form 250-1/receiving report, or 

accompanying cargo inventory report explaining complete circumstances.

4.2.1.10.1 Contamination Problems. When a partial cargo is to be loaded aboard an 

arriving vessel, the QAR/Government Representative shall be required to sample/gauge all 

compartments loaded at previous ports. In the case of JPTS this procedure can present a 

contamination problem. This type of fuel requires special handling because it is easily 

contaminated. It is usually the first loaded in a multi-product/multi-port lifting and often the last 

discharged.

4.2.2 Testing. The quality surveillance testing presented in this section is the minimum 

essential for sound management of Government-owned properties. It represents the balance 

between good QS practices, cost of quality, and associated risks, and the need to confirm 

adherence to specification requirements through full specification testing. Only by thorough 

testing procedures can quality surveillance be maintained.

4.2.2.1 Contamination Tests. Suspected contamination of petroleum products shall be 

confirmed by laboratory tests. Tests which have proved most useful in determining whether a 

product is contaminated and in identifying the contaminating agents are listed under the 

individual products (see section 5.10).

4.2.2.2 Test Methods. All laboratory tests shall be conducted in accordance with the 

methods prescribed in the specification covering the product. However, any special or modified 

method outlined in this Standard shall be used in lieu of the specification method when products 

are evaluated within the scope of this Standard. IGRL are absolute. Multiple tests may be 

performed and if the results do not differ from each other by more than the amount specified for 

the method repeatability, these results may be averaged to determine compliance with the 

specification or established IGRL.

4.2.2.2.1 Testing Rounding Protocol. Test results shall be reported to the same degree of 

accuracy as stated in the applicable product specification. The instructions for reporting results 

(including accuracy) should be included in the governing test method standard. These 

requirements are superseded by the requirement within the product specification document.

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a. Test characteristics shall be reported in accordance with the rounding protocol as cited 

in the product specification. The Only exception to 4.2.2.2.1 is for the determination of the flash 

point under F-76 and JP-5 specifications, which the flash point value is an absolute limit as 

defined in ASTM Practice E29, for using significant digits in test data to determine conformance 

with specifications.

b. For Quality Surveillance oversight of DLA Energy capitalized product, this rounding 

protocol will also be adhered to.

4.2.2.3 Testing Frequency for Long Term Storage of Petroleum Products. Table VIII 

outlines the minimum frequency for testing petroleum and related products by broad category. 

Since it is the responsibility of the cognizant QAR, petroleum officer, or supply officer to 

maintain strict quality surveillance, the frequency of testing may be increased as required. 

Considerations for increased testing are conditions of storage, age of stock, and type of product. 

When a long term storage product is tested, a record of the results shall be maintained to provide 

a basis for determining product deterioration. Whenever consecutive results indicate possible 

deterioration, testing frequency shall be increased. Once the trend reflects measurable 

deterioration, the reporting procedures in 5.13.2 shall be followed. This is especially important 

for a property such as color that presents no operational problem, but may indicate possible 

deterioration.

4.2.2.4 Minimum Testing. Table IX outlines the minimum sampling and testing 

requirements considered necessary for determining the quality of petroleum and related products. 

It covers the conditions under which a sample is taken, the type of sample, and the types of tests

required to determine whether the quality is within acceptable limits.

4.2.2.5 Types of Tests Required. Tables X through XXV provides a detailed breakdown 

of the type of tests required for each product class. These tests are those most likely to reveal 

contamination/ deterioration which may have occurred during product handling or storage. 

Tables X through XXV designates Service and NATO prescribed B-2 tests for specific products. 

When a product being tested fails to meet the specification limits due to contamination, the 

procedures outlined in Section 5.13.1 (Identification of a non-conforming product) or 5.14.4 

(Disposition Instructions) are to be initiated.

4.2.2.5.1 Equivalent Tests. The use of alternate test methods to measure physical 

properties of fuel is allowed, provided that: the test results are presented in the format required 

in the specification; the test device has a demonstrated reliability and repeatability equal or better 

than called for by the ASTM method; and the device has been approved for use by the military 

services. The following link provides information on equivalent IP/ISO test methods. 

http://ein.powerweb.co.uk/cssipmethodsqbe.htm

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4.2.2.6 Testing Capabilities. All terminals (commercial and military) receiving bulk 

products and facilities storing packaged products shall be equipped and capable of performing 

tests required by Table IX. When the capability does not exist at the terminal or facility, other 

laboratories, either commercial or military, may be used. Appendix A lists petroleum testing 

facilities available to military and commercial users.

4.2.2.7 Calibrating Test Equipment. All laboratories shall ensure calibration of testing 

and measuring equipment is up to date and is to the accuracy necessary to ensure the equipment 

is within allowable tolerance limits. ISO 10012 shall be used.

4.3 Specifications. Each JPO and petroleum product laboratory shall maintain an up-todate file of Government fuel and lubricant specifications (both Military and non-Government 

specifications and standards). It is not practical to include complete specification limits in this 

Standard, as specifications are subject to change with variations in product availability and 

technical developments. Limits cited in this Standard are for internal government use, not for 

procurement.

4.4 Change in Grade of Fuel. Any change in grade of fuel requires notification to DLA 

Energy prior to the change. Where product has been found to be off-specification, the DLA 

Energy Quality Operations Division (DLA Energy DQA) shall be notified IAW section 5.13.2 of 

this standard. DLA Energy DQA performs internal coordination with the Inventory

Management Division (DLA Energy FIFENA), Program Budget Division (DLA Energy RB) and 

the Inventory & Distribution Division (DLA Energy BI) within DLA Energy. In addition it will 

be coordinated with the respective Service Control Point (SCP). Disposition instructions are 

provided by DLA Energy DQA. A change in grade may be requested for reasons such as 

product availability, fuel no longer needed, etc. In these circumstances the activity having 

physical possession of DWCF fuel shall request concurrence from DLA Energy FIFENA . They 

will coordinate acceptability of the change with DLA Energy DQA and determine the inventory 

impact with DLA Energy BI FENB before making a decision on acceptance. DLA Energy FI 

FENA provides disposition in these cases.

4.5 Government-Owned Property. Contractors are obligated to adequately protect 

Government-owned property located on their premises for use on, or in connection with, a 

contract. The periodic inventory and reporting of such property is a contractual requirement. 

The amount of Government-owned petroleum products in pipelines will be reported as a separate 

item in stock reports.

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4.6 Safety Precautions. Throughout this Standard there are general safety precautions 

and instructions that apply to fuel handling and laboratory operations to ensure personal 

safety/health and the protection of Government property. Occupational Safety and Health 

Administration, Department of Labor and standard commercial safety practices shall be 

observed.

4.7 Measurement, Sampling and Calibration. For measurement, product sampling and 

calibration of storage tanks and meters requiring the API Manual of Petroleum Measurement 

Standards: Chapter 2 covers tank calibration (strapping). Chapter 3 covers tank gauging. 

Chapter 5 covers measurements by meters. Chapter 7 covers temperature determination. 

Chapter 8 covers sampling. Chapter 9 covers density determination. Chapter 11 covers volume 

correction and conversion factors. Chapter 12 covers procedures for calculating the net 

quantities from the gross measurements. Chapter 17 covers marine measurement.

4.8 Compliance with Regulations and Laws. Many petroleum products are considered 

hazardous materials and are regulated as such. Users of this Standard must be aware of 

regulations and laws governing the products that they are handling. In the event of a conflict 

between this Standard and a law or regulation, the law or regulation takes precedence.

5. DETAILED REQUIREMENTS

5.1 Waterborne Operations. This section applies to all movements of product belonging 

to or to be accepted by the Government.

5.1.1 Shipments by Tankers. This section covers pre-loading and loading procedures for 

tankers.

5.1.1.1 MPMS Guidelines. QARs utilize the following guidelines/sections of MPMS 

Chapter 17, Marine Measurement during the applicable phase of each operation:

a. Section 2 - Measurement of Cargoes On Board Tank Vessels.

b. Section 6 - Determining Fullness of Pipelines between Vessel and Shore Tanks.

c. Section 8 - Pre-Loading Inspection of Marine Vessel Cargo Tanks.

5.1.1.2 Certifying Statements1. Statements of quantity and quality shall accompany all 

shipments. The DD Form 250-1/Receiving Report is prepared under the supervision of the 

cognizant Government QAR (or Military Service designated personnel) to cover marine 

petroleum shipments and receipts of Government inspected products.

 1 NOTE: References to the QAR include Military Service personnel designated to perform these functions.

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5.1.1.3 Tanker and Ocean-Going Barge Inspection Policy for Vessels. The following 

applies to vessel cleaning, gas freeing, inspecting and quantity variations. Table XXVII is 

guidance to be used by QARs for the inspection of vessels.

5.1.1.3.1 Responsibility. Vessel owners/operators are responsible for providing vessels 

suitable to load and deliver the intended cargo and for determining the need-to-clean vessel cargo 

tanks. This determination is made by monitoring vessel cargo history and by what cargo is to be 

loaded. The process for monitoring cargo history and identifying when vessel cargo tanks will 

require cleaning will be developed by tanker owners/operators for each vessel. Copies of the DD 

Form 250-1/Receiving Report and test reports shall be forwarded to vessels by the loading 

quality representative should early departure preclude obtaining a copy upon loading completion.

5.1.1.3.2 Required Cargo Cleaning. DoD vessel cargo tanks shall be cleaned whenever 

the following conditions exist (exceptions to these requirements shall be coordinated with a 

Government Representative prior to the proposed cargo loading):

a. The vessel cargo tanks held ballast between the prior cargo discharge and the 

scheduled follow-on cargo.

b. The cargo to be loaded is JP-5, and the previous cargo was other than JP-5.

c. The cargo to be loaded is JP-5 or JP-8/F-24/Jet A/ Jet A-1 and the previous cargo was

F76.

d. The initial loading of a charter vessel.

e. The vessel has been in dry dock, or repairs have been performed on the cargo tanks.

f. The cargo to be loaded is MOGAS and previous cargo was F-76.

g. The cargo to be loaded is other than MOGAS and the previous cargo was MOGAS.

5.1.1.3.3 Internal Tank Inspection requirements. QARs will inspect vessels that are 

loading their first DoD cargo under any MSC charter, or that have not maintained segregated 

ballast conditions, or that have been dry docked or had repairs made to their cargo system. MSC 

will provide notification to the QAR prior to loading regarding vessels that have been in dry 

dock or had repairs done to their cargo system. MSC may make the request for inspection to be 

performed at the repair facility or prior to arrival at the next load port. MSC may request 

assistance from a QAR closer to the facility if deemed necessary and acceptable. Any party may 

request inspection, given proper notification to MSC. When MSC requires a vessel inspection 

by a QAR, the request shall be forwarded from MSC to the cognizant Region and DLA Energy

DQA. This notification shall be done prior to loading the intended cargo, allowing adequate 

time for the quality representative to be present for an internal tank inspection.

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5.1.1.3.4 Suitability to Load. Vessels should arrive at the required port ready to load the 

intended cargo. Vessels shall certify that cargo tanks are suitable for loading the intended cargo 

by including the following statement in the Notice of Readiness: “All compartments, lines and 

pumps to be used are suitable for loading and delivering the intended cargo.” Vessels shall also 

provide the quality representative with soundings of product / water onboard and validated 

onboard quantities (OBQ) prior to loading.

5.1.1.3.5 In-Transit Quantity Variances. Investigations shall be conducted by a MSC 

representative and DLA Energy quality DQA personnel for variations exceeding the following 

(shore-to-shore, loading to final destination): 0.2 % volume for cargoes not requiring cleaning, 

gas-freeing, drop/strip; 0.3 % volume for cargoes requiring drop/strip only; 0.5 % volume for 

cargoes requiring cleaning, gas-freeing, drop/strip. The Manual of Petroleum Measurement 

Standard, Chapter 17.5, Guidelines for Cargo Analysis and Reconciliation, shall be used.

5.1.1.3.6 Responsibility for Off-Specification Cargo. Tanker owner/operators are 

responsible for off- specification product cargoes when the vessel is identified at fault. The 

Tanker owner /operator shall be given the opportunity to secure the services of an independent 

petroleum surveyor in the event a discrepancy would be suspected or identified. A 

representative sample taken at the custody transfer point shall be used to determine source of 

contamination.

5.1.1.4 Pre-Loading Inspection of Tankers. The following actions shall be taken prior to 

approving tankers for loading:

5.1.1.4.1 Vessel Inspection.

a. When a vessel internal cargo tank inspection is required, the QAR shall assure vessel 

conditioning has been performed in accordance with Table XXVII. Before entering all vessel 

tanks, the QAR shall confirm that tanks are gas and vapor free. The vessel owner/operator is 

responsible for obtaining the services of a Marine Chemist should validation of confined space 

operation require it. MSC vessels and charters are not on-hire or back-in-service until the QAR 

accepts the vessel as suitable to load.

b. When a vessel does not require internal cargo tank inspection, the QAR shall validate 

that the vessel has been properly cleaned and/or stripped. The QAR shall validate the vessel 

certification, as required in section 5.1.4.3, is written on the Notice of Readiness. The QAR shall 

validate the liquid measurements are reflected on the OBQ arrival certificate. The QAR shall 

randomly validate the water content in select cargo tanks by witnessing their water cuts on the 

gauge tape.

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5.1.1.4.2 Vessel Tank Inspection. When requested to perform an inspection, a QAR 

shall personally enter and inspect the vessel’s cargo tanks prior to loading to determine 

suitability for loading. The QAR shall also check systems and lines to assure that they are 

drained and properly isolated and that any overboard discharge, sea suction and isolation valves 

are sealed and tagged with serially numbered seals provided by the contractor. All seal numbers 

shall be recorded on the shipping documents. All cargo valves shall be in the open position prior 

to physically entering the cargo tanks.

a. All cargo tanks containing liquids shall be gauged and sampled, and samples shall be 

retained. Where cargo tanks to be filled have on-board quantity (OBQ) from a previous 

cargo/parcel, the product previously loaded shall be gauged, sampled and tested to the extent 

deemed necessary by the shore quality government representative for conformance to the

applicable specification prior to topping off or until discharge at the final destination. Cargo 

tanks not being topped off (if any) that have been loaded at a previous port shall be gauged and 

sampled. These samples are to be held in the event loading difficulties result in commingling of 

products2

.

b. Tanks used for loading must be coated with an approved epoxy. Coating must be 

adherent: no flaking, peeling, or blistering.

c. Cargo tanks that contain heating coils shall be checked to assure that the coils are tight 

and no liquid/steam can escape. One way to validate this is by performing a pressure tightness 

check on the system. 

d. Coils containing yellow metals (copper, bronze, etc.) are not permitted for aviation 

turbine fuel use. The QAR shall report any vessel found to contain coils with yellow metals to 

MSC PMO5, DLA Energy Regional Quality Manager and DLA Energy DQA. This precludes 

chartering that vessel for a cargo of aviation turbine fuel.

e. It is mandatory that JPTS be loaded in tanks in which the last product carried was JP5, JP-4, kerosene, non-aromatic solvent, unleaded gasoline, or arctic diesel. Prior to loading 

JPTS, tank cleaning requirements are: tanks must be machine washed with hot water, if cleaning 

chemical and/or salt water is used, the final wash must be with fresh water. Tank bottoms, 

interior bulk heads and internals must be completely free of sediment, scale and other 

contaminants. Tanks must be dry and all liquids completely removed from the tanks’ lines after

cleaning, must be flushed with fresh water, drained and free of all water. Loading and unloading 

system must be completely isolated. This will be accomplished by completely separate piping 

systems or by use of blinds. Valves will not be depended on to effect isolation. No common 

lines will be used. Steam smothering lines should have at least two valves that can be sealed 

from the main line to the tanks, or a blind installed that can be readily removed. Each tank will 

 2 NOTE: This gauging and sampling does not apply to tanks containing JPTS. Special tank preparations and cargo

handling is required for JPTS, to prevent contamination.

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have its own individual vent. If the ship has a common vent system, tanks used for JPTS must 

be isolated from balance of the vent system.

5.1.1.4.3 Vessel Tank/Internal Rust Test. When considered necessary and where safety 

precautions permit, the QAR will require that samples of the rust be taken from selected cargo 

tanks and tested with the product to be loaded or with a similar solvent. This procedure is 

performed to determine the effect upon the corrosiveness and gum characteristics of the product. 

The rust shall be pulverized and added to a sample of the product to be loaded, or to a similar 

product, in proportions of 5 to10 grams of rust per 100 mL of the liquid. After shaking the 

mixture vigorously for at least one minute, it shall be filtered free of rust and tested for color, 

corrosion and residue.

5.1.1.4.4 Vessel Loading Plans. Loading plans shall be reviewed to determine their 

suitability, giving consideration to bulkheads, lines, tank capacities, and ship’s trim. In the case 

of split cargoes, the QAR shall ensure the vessel is physically suitable for handling two or more 

grades of product simultaneously without contamination. The QAR shall ensure all bulkheads 

are secure and the vessel has double valve separation or line blanks. If valves are used, such 

valves shall be lashed and sealed in proper position against misuse. Initial and normal pumping 

rates shall be agreed upon before starting. If differences cannot be resolved locally, they shall be 

escalated through the proper chain of command. Prior to loading, all water shall be removed 

from the vessel pipelines and cargo tanks.

5.1.1.4.5 Multi-Port Inspection. When a vessel is scheduled for a multi-port loading, the 

inspector at the first loading point shall inspect, if practical, all of the ship’s cargo tanks to 

determine their suitability for the scheduled product. The vessel shall not be approved for 

loading part of the cargo unless all cargo tanks are considered suitable for the respective 

products. QARs at the subsequent loading point(s) shall be advised by appropriate means of the 

results of the previous tank inspections. This does not preclude rejection by QARs at subsequent 

loading points if conditions warrant such action.

5.1.1.4.6 Quality and Quantity Determination. Vessel movements must not be expedited 

at the expense of quality and quantity determinations, regardless of pressure or protests. Full 

support shall be given the QAR for reasonable actions taken to assure quality and quantity.

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5.1.1.4.7 Vessel Rejection/Delay. For MSC controlled vessels, DLA Energy DQA will 

be notified immediately to discuss the reason for rejection and/or need for re-cleaning. The QAR 

shall follow up the DLA Energy DQA notification with a report to the cognizant DLA Energy

Region, DLA Energy BI FENB and MSC on vessel rejection or delays in loading operations. 

The report shall contain pertinent details, including length of delay anticipated for tank cleaning 

and product availability. For CONUS locations, telephone MSC Norfolk, Cargo Fuel 

Coordinator at 757-443-1473 or CLF MSC CLF Load Manager/GSC-N46 at 757-443-1478

(FAX: 757-443-1506). For locations outside CONUS, a priority message shall be dispatched to 

MSC Norfolk with the same information addressed as for CONUS. Rejection or delays shall be 

well documented including dates, times, circumstances, personnel, discussion, etc. They shall be 

detailed on the DD Form 250-1/Receiving Report with supporting documentation included. 

Contract administrative documentation, to include DD Form 250-1/Receiving Report, of these 

cargoes shall be kept for 6 1⁄2 years from date of completion IAW the FAR.

5.1.1.5 Pre-Loading Procedures (Shore/Tanker). The Quality Representative shall:

a. Ensure sampling, testing and approval of shore tank prior to loading aboard the vessel 

(see Table IX).

b. Check loading lines to determine they are properly isolated and do not contain product

detrimental to the cargo. Drain free water from each tank to be used through the water draw-off 

line.

c. Assure loading lines are full. In some cases, especially underwater lines, the lines may 

be required to be empty prior to loading. Witness opening and closing shore tank gauges, and 

opening and closing meter readings (when used).

d. Determine the position and setting of the swing line in the shore tank (where 

applicable) to prevent loading of any free water or sludge from the tank bottom. Water shall be 

drawn from the tank bottom through the water draw-off if it is anticipated that there is any 

possibility of loading the water with the cargo.

e. Review the cargo layout and loading plan. The QAR and the master of the vessel (or 

his designated representative) shall concur on the cargo layout and loading plan.

f. Inspection (to include checking the vessel’s log on nature of previous cargoes and the 

vessel’s condition: leaks, previous rejections and excessive delays, for instance) and approval or 

rejection of the vessel cargo tanks.

g. Assure sea suction and overboard discharge valves are closed and sealed prior to 

loading. In the case of split cargoes, those valves essential to cargo isolation shall be sealed with 

serially numbered seals and their numbers recorded on shipping documents.

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h. Assure all parties are aware of sampling procedures for “first-in” prior to

commencing. Check cargo first-in and line samples’ analyses to verify quality of product 

moving to the vessel.

5.1.1.6 Loading Procedures for Tankers. Product quality and isolation shall be assured 

in shore tanks and all lines used in loading. The line fill, approximately 2,000 to 5,000 barrels, 

shall first be pumped into one or two cargo tank(s) on the vessel. Request the ship’s officer to 

switch from this tank to other tank(s) and continue loading. A sample shall be drawn (after a 30-

minute wait) from the first tank and tests performed to determine if the quality of the product 

being loaded is satisfactory. Further sampling and testing shall be conducted to the extent 

deemed necessary by the QAR. If at any time during loading there is an indication of 

contamination, the loading shall be stopped until the cause and extent of the contamination has 

been determined. When loading aviation turbine fuel or kerosene, loading procedures (from 

COMSCINST 3121.3) shall be as follows:

5.1.1.6.1 Lines. If the vessel does not have segregated ballast, prior to loading, all lines 

shall be dropped and water removed from cargo tanks. If simultaneous ballasting or deballasting must be performed during cargo operations, record this fact and the reason(s) for it on 

the Material Inspection and Receiving Report. A description of the degree of segregation that 

was maintained during the operation should also be recorded.

5.1.1.6.2 Loading Rates. Initial loading shall be at a rate not in excess of three feet/one 

meter per second (about 1,500 barrels per hour through a 12-inch line) through loading lines into 

the cargo tanks until the discharge outlet has been covered by at least three feet of the product. 

Thereafter, the normal loading rate may be resumed. The loading rate of three feet per second 

applies to the flow into each tank. The total loading rate shall not exceed the sum of the

allowable rates for the individual tanks being filled. If there is evidence of turbulence or 

splashing of the product in a cargo tank after the discharge outlet is covered by the specified 

three feet of product, the reduced loading rate shall be continued until turbulence ceases.

5.1.1.6.3 Thirty Minute Wait. Ullages, water soundings, temperatures and samples, 

including the first-in samples, shall not be taken from any cargo tank until at least 30 minutes 

after flow into the tank has ceased in order to dissipate static charge built up during the fuel 

movement. In the meantime, loading of other tanks may proceed.

5.1.2 Shipments by Barges and Refueling Craft. This section covers pre-loading and 

loading procedures for barges and refueling craft.

5.1.2.1 Pre-Loading and Loading Inspection. Precautions and procedures outlined in 

5.1.1.4, 5.1.1.5, and 5.1.1.6 are applicable to barges and refueling craft to the extent possible, 

except rust samples shall be taken only if the last cargo carried indicates this action to be 

necessary and can be taken under safe condition.

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5.1.2.2 Product Conversions. Table XXVIII covers conversion from one product to 

another.

5.1.2.3 Inspection Procedures for Cargoes. Key operations in loading of barges and 

refueling craft include the following:

a. Sampling, testing, and approving shore contents prior to loading aboard the vessel (see 

Table IX). 

b. Checking loading lines to determine that they are properly isolated and do not contain

product detrimental to the cargo.

c. Ensuring lines are full. Obtaining opening and closing shore tank gauges. Obtaining 

opening and closing meter readings where necessary.

d. Determining the position of the swing line in the shore tank, where applicable, and 

setting it at a position to prevent loading of any free water or sludge from the tank bottom. 

Water shall be drawn from the tank bottom through the water draw-off if it is anticipated that 

there is any possibility of loading water with the cargo.

e. Checking the cargo layout and loading plan. The QAR and the master of the vessel 

(or his designated representative) shall concur on the cargo layout and loading plan. The QAR 

shall assure that the loading plan is for the ordered quantity. If differences exist between the 

vessel, shore facility and/or the QAR, the matter must be resolved expeditiously prior to 

commencement of loading. This may require confirmation from the ordering office. Allowable 

variances from the ordered quantity per the contract are only acceptable if based on a condition 

of manufacturing, loading or shipping. Neither product suppliers nor vessels should be targeting 

more or less than the original ordered quantity.

f. Inspecting (to include checking the vessel’s log on nature of previous cargoes and 

leaks, for instance) and approving or rejecting the vessel and individual cargo tanks. Prior to 

loading aviation turbine fuels, vessels shall have the tanks receiving the product stripped and 

mucked to remove residual contaminants and moisture (IAW MSC Policy 98-01 and Table 

XXVII). These procedures shall be applied to barges (over 30,000 barrels size) and refueling 

craft to the maximum extent possible.

g. Closing and sealing sea suction and overboard discharge valves prior to loading. In 

the case of split cargoes, those valves essential to cargo isolation shall be sealed with serially 

numbered seals and their numbers recorded on shipping documents.

h. Checking/analyzing first-in and line samples to verify quality of product moving to 

the vessel.

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i. Sampling and testing of contents of vessel’s cargo tanks during and after loading (see 

Table IX).

5.1.2.4 Filtering Requirements. Fuel and lubricant deliveries from fleet replenishment 

vessels shall be filtered according to filtration standards for the particular product involved, 

unless these filtration requirements are waived by the receiving ship. Replenishment vessels 

shall always take action to remove water from their cargoes.

5.1.3 Shore Side Receipt of Fuel. Before commencing with a receipt of fuel, personnel 

shall assure that the shore-side is ready for discharge to ensure the quality of the product in the 

receipt tank(s) subsequent to receiving the product. The terminal shall be aware of the time of 

the vessel’s arrival. Personnel shall assure line condition is full and properly isolated in 

accordance with MPMS. Free water shall be drained from the tank through the water draw off 

line. Shore tanks shall then be gauged and temperatures determined in accordance with the 

MPMS. Personnel shall determine net quantity before discharge. If necessary, samples shall be 

taken of the line to assure product is the same as that being discharged (e.g. when the line 

contains unlike product in a non-dedicated system or when problems were experienced with the 

previous receipt). If additives are to be injected into the product during discharge, personnel 

shall assure injectors are in working order and that required additives are in proper quantity and 

quality.

5.1.3.1 Vessel Pre-Discharge Inspection. Paperwork onboard the vessel shall be 

examined to confirm product type, quantity and quality, and the presence of free water. If there 

is any indication the product does not conform to the quality requirements, discharge shall not be 

commenced until the disposition instructions have been received in accordance with this 

Standard (see 5.13.2). Personnel shall verify that seal numbers as compared to the DD Form 

250-1/Receiving Report are intact. A meeting shall be held with vessel personnel prior to 

discharge to discuss procedures and pumping rates to be used. Tank gauging/temperature 

determination shall be witnessed for record and net quantities shall be calculated. If variations of 

0.5 % volume are indicated on an individual barge gauging comprising a shipment of two or 

more barges, then that barge shall be discharged separately and separate shore tank gauges taken. 

Monitor all-level tank samples and testing as stipulated in Table IX. The remainder of the 

composite sample shall be retained until discharge is complete and the shore tank is tested. 

Product is normally discharged when laboratory tests show conformance to specification 

requirements.

5.1.3.2 Contaminated Product. If the product is suspected of being contaminated, it shall 

be sampled prior to off load and submitted to a laboratory for a minimum of B-3 series analysis. 

If testing facilities are not readily available, then DLA Energy shall be notified (see 5.13.2). 

Disposition instructions are provided based on the circumstances (product contaminated, 

contaminant, the configuration of the discharge facility, the urgency for the product) and options 

available (availability of filter-separators, product isolation ashore, product blending capability

ashore, or possibility of product remaining on vessel for disposition at another facility). Prompt 

action shall be taken to reduce vessel lay time costs.

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5.1.3.3 Discharge. Once authorization for discharge has been given, the vessel notifies 

the shore when ready to commence and ensure communication is maintained between ship and 

shore for the entire operation. Personnel shall ensure that line samples are being taken as 

required (Table IX, Serial 5b) and shall monitor logs as well as line sample results.

5.1.3.4 Completion. Upon finishing the discharge, personnel shall determine product 

Remaining On Board (ROB), calculate net quantity received ashore, investigate any quantity 

discrepancies, sample and test product after settling, complete discharge DD Form 250-

1/Receiving Report, and gather any other applicable documents to include ullage sheets, bunker 

reports, etc. Any delays in discharging and/or investigation results shall be reported to DLA

Energy.

a. After the vessel is unloaded, the Government Representative shall examine each cargo 

tank to determine if any product is remaining onboard. Cargo tanks containing product(s) ROB 

shall be gauged and the amounts determined by applicable procedures such as capacity tables 

and wedge formula. If it is impossible to obtain accurate figures, the quantities should be 

estimated. The quantity, the cargo tank number involved and pertinent information or reason for 

incomplete discharge shall be entered on the DD Form 250-1, Tanker/Barge Material Inspection 

and Receiving Report. If it is not the final destination port, the Government Representative at 

the next discharge port shall be notified of any unusual conditions, gauges, or losses identified.

b. Shipping and handling losses or gains, as cited in DoD 4140.25-M, shall be recorded 

by the destination Government Representative on the DD Form 250-1/Receiving Report, 

indicating the cause of the loss/gain to the extent possible. The destination Government 

Representative remarks, concerning the loss or gain, shall be confined to observations and 

evaluations made at the receiving terminal. Tank gauges, line capacities and ship ullages shall 

be checked as necessary in attempting to account for the loss or gain (DoD 4140.25-M along 

with paragraph 5.1.1.4.5 of this document establishes loss or gain criteria). If the loss or gain 

cannot be accounted for at the final discharge point, the Government Representative shall 

immediately communicate with the QAR at the loading point(s) and simultaneously with the 

Government at each intermediate discharge point (if any) to determine possible reasons for the 

loss or gain. Each Government Representative queried shall advise final destination of his 

findings within 15 calendar days. The final destination Government Representative shall 

consolidate the data and forward it to the accountable property officer. Corrected DD Form 250-

1/Receiving Report(s) shall be initiated and distributed as appropriate.

c. The required inspection documents shall consist of DD Form 250-1/Receiving Report

(Tanker/Barge Discharge Report), DD Form 250-1 Continuation Sheet, the shore tank ullage or 

innage report, the vessel ullage or innage report, bunker reports (if any), laboratory test results 

sheets and such other documents as required. Distribution of these documents should be made in 

accordance with DFARS and/or contractual requirements.

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5.1.3.5 Vessel Delay. For MSC-controlled vessels-report to the cognizant DLA Energy

Region, DLA Energy BI FENB and MSC on delays in discharge operations, with pertinent 

details, including length of delay anticipated. For CONUS locations, telephone MSC Norfolk, 

Cargo Fuel Coordinator at 757-443-1476 or CLF MSCCLF Load Manager/GSC-N46 at 757-

443-1478. All calls shall be confirmed by message to Commanding Officer, MSC Norfolk with 

the local MSC representative and DLA Energy as information addresses. For locations outside 

CONUS, a priority message shall be dispatched to COMSC, Washington, DC, with the same 

information addresses as for CONUS.

5.1.4 Post-Loading - Tankers and Barges. This section covers post loading of tankers and 

barges.

5.1.4.1 Vessel Samples. Government shall witness sampling of vessel cargo tanks. The 

Government Representative shall monitor cargo tank gauging and temperature determination, 

and water cuts as time permits. If possible, water shall be stripped ashore before the tanker is 

released. Maintain surveillance of the stripping operation. Failing this, advise the master to strip 

water out of the cargo tanks into vessel slop tanks. Report fuel loss during the stripping 

operation.

5.1.4.2 Determination of Quantity. Government Representative shall witness shore tank 

gauging (opening and closing). The Government Representative shall independently determine 

shore and vessel net quantities, and ship/shore losses or gains. If a ship/shore loss or gain is 

determined, the Government Representative will re-compute to confirm the numbers and conduct 

an investigation if there is still a loss or gain and the variance is outside the allowed variance (see 

5.1.1.4.5 for tolerances).

5.1.4.3 Inspection Documents Covering Tanker and Barge Loading3

. Government 

Representative shall assure completion of the required inspection documents that includes a DD 

Form 250-1/Receiving Report, Tanker/Barge Loading Report, Continuation Sheet, ullage or 

innage report and such other documents as may be required. Ensure documentation notes type 

and quantity of the product in the tank before start of loading, if applicable. If the product is 

loaded from more than one tank, list the tests applicable to each tank in separate columns headed 

by the tank number. The date the material in each tank was approved and quantity loaded from 

each tank shall be indicated in the appropriate column. The QAR may require additional testing 

if the situation so warrants. Assure distribution of these documents is made according to 

DFARS.

 3 NOTE: It is recommended that laboratory tests report sheets be attached separately vice transcribing results onto the DD 250-

1 or equivalent form

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5.1.5 Ship-to-Ship Transfers at Sea. Issuing and receiving vessels are responsible for 

performing quality checks before, during and after a transfer. The issuing vessel will strip water 

from the tank just prior to the transfer to assure water and sediment is not transferred. Line 

samples will be taken and checked for appearance every thirty minutes during the transfer by the 

receiving vessel.

5.2 Pipeline operations.

5.2.1 Shipments by Pipelines. This section applies to all pipeline movements of product 

belonging to or to be accepted by the Government. It does not apply to movements of 

Contractor-owned product where quality is verified after receipt at a terminal and prior to 

delivery to the Government. The movement of petroleum products via multi-product pipelines 

presents many problems in the control of quality and the operation requires close surveillance. 

This section furnishes guidance related to quality of petroleum products shipped in pipelines. 

This does not apply to bunker fuel where the mode of delivery is pipeline.

5.2.1.1 Tariffs and Agreements. Carriers’ tariffs outline the normal responsibilities of 

the pipeline company. Supplemental agreements are usually entered into between the 

Government and the carriers, which further elaborate on the extent of the carriers’ 

responsibilities. Copies of these agreements shall be made available to cognizant quality 

assurance offices by either the DLA Energy Region or prime contractors as applicable. These 

documents shall be reviewed by the QARs concerned and the provisions thereof shall be used in 

product quality surveillance.

5.2.1.2 Laboratory Testing. Products shall be tested in accordance with the appropriate 

Table IX- XXV before entry into and after discharge from a pipeline. For pipelines carrying 

aviation turbine fuels and automotive gasoline, laboratory facilities shall be made available to 

perform identification tests on products at terminals along the pipeline system.

5.2.1.3 Markings. Single and multi-product pipelines, pumps, and valves shall be 

marked to clearly identify the grade of a product being carried. MIL-STD-161 may be used for 

guidance on color, marking and titles.

5.2.1.4 Identification Tests. When products are transferred through a multi-product 

pipeline, identification tests are required in accordance with Table IX.

5.2.1.5 Multi-Product Pipelines. Pipelines are to be used wherever possible for one 

grade of fuel only. However, multi-product pipelines are often used between bulk terminals.

5.2.1.5.1 Product Identification. The product entering a multi-product pipeline or 

discharging from it shall be identified by a flag or sign on the connections to the multi-product 

pipeline.

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5.2.1.5.2 Pumping Time. Pumping shall normally be continuous until product has been 

cutoff.

5.2.1.5.3 Pipeline Transfer Velocity. Product velocities in pipelines shall be maintained 

to minimize mixing of product.

5.2.1.5.4 Segregation During Transfer. Preferred procedures for segregating products 

during movement are shown in their order, see the following:

a. Turbulent flow without plugs between products.

b. Hydrocarbon plug between products or grades.

c. Mechanical plugs (batching balls) between products or grades.

d. Disposal of Water-Mixed Product. Provision shall be made for removal and disposal 

of mixed product and water.

5.2.1.6 Terminal, Depot, and Base System.

5.2.1.6.1 Product Compatibility. Before the pipeline transfer is started, it shall be 

determined whether the product in the line (line fill) is the same as the issue/transfer tank product 

or can be included in the transfer.

5.2.1.6.2 Cleaning of Pipelines. Incomplete flushing or cleaning of multi-product 

pipelines is a potential source of contamination. Pipelines are cleaned using various methods, 

most of which involve various types of pigs. These create large quantities of scale, sediment and 

water called pig clouds. Isolation of these pig clouds is required so as to preclude a major 

contamination of working tanks. The preferred method of receiving a pig cloud is into a truck(s) 

to capture the largest portion of the cloud. Containment in a small tank is next or into a tank that 

is already scheduled for cleaning in the next three months.

5.2.1.6.3 Valve and Pipeline Control. Proper blinding off of connecting lines and correct 

valve control during transfer will minimize the possibilities of pipeline contamination.

5.2.1.7 Cross-Country System.

5.2.1.7.1 Turbulent Flow. Maintaining of turbulent flow during multi-product 

movements and a packed line when shipments are static is mandatory to ensure a minimum of 

transmix.

5.2.1.7.2 Batch Cuts and Segregation. Both improper batch cuts and product segregation 

are potential sources of contamination.

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5.2.1.7.3 Contaminated Pipeline Shipment. Rust contamination during pipeline

shipments can result from inadequate corrosion inhibition or scraping of the pipeline.

5.2.1.7.4 System Isolation. Isolation of the system from all inter-connecting lines by 

suitable blinds or two block valves with an open bleeder valve between will minimize the 

possibility of product contamination.

5.2.1.8 Common Transfer Lines and Pumps for Fuels.

5.2.1.8.1 Preferred Method. In order to maintain the quality of liquid fuels, it is 

preferable to utilize separate pipelines, valves, and pumps for each type and grade of fuel.

5.2.1.8.2 Use of Water Displacement. Except where approved hydraulically-operated 

water displacement systems are employed, displacement by water is not allowed.

5.2.1.8.3 References. Detailed information on the operation, maintenance and inspection 

of facilities used in dispensing and storing fuels may be found in appropriate departmental 

directives and manuals.

5.2.1.9 Segregation. The segregation of product in military and or commercial multiproduct pipelines is accomplished by maintaining turbulent flow, by the use of a batching plug or 

buffer batch of a suitable hydrocarbon. During movements with turbulent flow, constant

surveillance shall be maintained to ensure minimum flow rates required for turbulent flow. Even 

though commingling occurs under all conditions at the interface between products, the objective 

is to control the length of the transmix and ensure its proper disposition. The resultant transmix 

will vary in amount with factors like pumping rate, distance and contour of the line, line pressure 

and number of pumping stations. Cuts into terminal storage shall be made in accordance with 

Table XXIX. If this schedule cannot be followed because of operational requirements, or limited 

capacities of a terminal, cuts shall be made in a manner ensuring delivery of an on-specification 

product to the consumer. No other product shall be commingled with grades JP-5, JP-8, F-24, 

JPTS or aviation gasoline (all grades).

5.2.1.10 Corrosion Control. Fuels transported by pipeline are subject to contamination 

by rust, sediment (solids), water and surfactants. Periodic checks shall be made to determine the 

extent of internal deterioration of the pipelines in accordance with pipeline operational manuals.

5.2.1.10.1 Determination of Sediment (Solids). An increase in sediments content in 

petroleum products while in transit through a system can indicate rust buildup in the system. 

Particulate buildup may also be the result of insoluble agglomerates formed from fuel oxidation 

processes. The amount of solids may be determined by ASTM D2276, D5452, or D6217,

D7619, IP 564, IP 565 or IP 577, as applicable. Solids content of product samples taken at the 

shipping and receiving points or at periodic intervals at the receiving point will provide data for 

comparison.

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5.2.1.10.2 Corrosion Inhibitors. Fuel for military aircraft and ground vehicles may 

contain approved corrosion inhibitors to reduce corrosion of the pipeline and handling systems. 

Corrosion inhibitors also enhance fuel lubricity, which is required for some aircraft components

and increase engine life in ground vehicles. All aviation turbine fuel will normally be supplied by 

the manufacturer with a corrosion inhibitor. It is permissible to inject approved oil soluble 

corrosion inhibitors into aviation turbine fuel being moved by pipeline to effectively control 

pipeline corrosion, subject to the limitation indicated in 5.2.1.12. To ensure proper protection, 

the inhibitor effectiveness shall be checked at various points along the line. This can be 

accomplished by a visual inspection of the steel coupons that have been installed in the fuel 

stream in the pipeline, or by determining metal loss from change in weight of the specimens. 

Another method is making a visual inspection of steel rods or strips that have been used in 

specific laboratory tests on fuels taken from the pipeline.

5.2.1.10.3 Aviation Turbine Fuel Additive Concentration. In the event corrosion 

inhibitor shall be added, only those inhibitors listed in the current Qualified Products List for 

MIL-PRF-25017, and those approved for that product shall be permitted. Care shall be taken to 

ensure approved concentration in the product is not exceeded. Excessive inhibitor will lower the 

water separation rating. Only corrosion inhibitors listed in STANAG 3390 are approved for use 

in the NATO pipeline system.

5.2.1.10.3.1 Location. To locate information, go to the Assist Quick Search page, 

http://quicksearch.dla.mil , search by document Number, choose Document ID, under the 

appropriate revision, click the media icon. 

5.2.1.10.4 Pressure Drop. A gradual reduction in product flow rates while maintaining a 

constant pumping pressure can be caused by increased internal corrosion in the pipeline system. 

A continued increase in pumping pressures to maintain normal product delivery rates may also 

be indicative of internal corrosion buildup. Evidence of a drop in pressure shall be brought to the 

attention of the responsible chain of command.

5.2.1.11 Drag Reducer Additive (DRA). No DRAs will be added to any military 

aviation turbine fuels, motor gasoline, or automotive diesel. To ensure the absence of DRA in 

government owned fuels, if a pipeline company is injecting DRA into commercial product, the 

DRA injection must be stopped two (2) hours before and resumed two hours after the expected 

government fuel batch has passed the injection point. This will preclude the inadvertent inclusion 

of DRA into the government fuel and should exclude the DRA in any transmix.

5.2.1.12 Quality Surveillance/Quality Assurance Pipeline Procedures. 

a. Assure products to be tendered through the pipeline conform to the applicable 

specification or standard.

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b. Maintain surveillance over the pipeline operations during the transfer to another 

carrier and at key points in the system during the movement of tenders. Examine records of 

pumping rates, progress of tenders, extent of transmix, gravity and color determinations.

c. Witness the cutting of tenders or batches into pipeline receiving tanks. In emergency 

circumstances where witnessing batch cuts are impossible, a review of the product change record 

shall be made when the sampling and testing of the receiving tank are witnessed.

d. Verify the quality of product in pipeline receiving tankage after receipt of the tender 

or batch. Select the identification tests to be performed for verification of product quality (See 

Table IX Serial 6).

e. Maintain familiarity with procedures used to protect or condition the pipeline interiors.

f. Where necessary, evaluate the characteristics of the transmix to determine its 

disposition. The procedures for this evaluation, a suitable form for recording data and a sample 

of the calculations involved are shown in the product change record form (See Appendix E).

5.2.2 Receipts by Pipeline.

5.2.2.1 Before Receipt. Before commencing receipt of fuel, personnel shall assure the 

quality of the product in the intended receipt tank(s). The terminal shall be aware of the time and 

quantity of the pipeline tender. Personnel shall assure line condition is full and properly isolated. 

Tanks shall then be gauged, temperatures taken and a net quantity determined before receipt of 

product in accordance with the MPMS or other applicable publication. If necessary, samples 

shall be taken of the line to assure product is the same as that being received. When additives are 

to be injected during receipt into the tank, personnel shall assure injectors are in working order 

and that required additives are the proper type and in the proper quantity and quality.

5.2.2.2 During Receipt. To the maximum extent possible, personnel shall witness batch 

cuts to assure they are in accordance with contract or operating agreement (e.g.: heart, mid-point, 

etc.) See Table XXIX. If line samples are being taken during receipt, assure that each sample is 

being properly taken and appropriately labeled. Personnel shall monitor samples taken 

throughout the receipt of the tender for contamination (e.g. water, increased sediment, secondary 

products).

5.2.2.3 Completion. Upon completion, personnel shall determine quantity by gauging 

the receipt tank(s) used, measuring temperatures and calculating net quantity received. 

Personnel shall investigate any quantity discrepancy in excess of that cited in DoD 4140.25-M 

and allow receipt tanks time to settle before sampling and testing. Receipt tanks shall be 

sampled and tested in accordance with ASTM D4057 (MPMS, Chapter 8.1 or other applicable 

publication) and Table IX of this Standard. Personnel shall assure samples are retained as called 

for in the quality control plan or established quality procedures. The DD Form 250, or 

equivalent form, shall be completed and signed.

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5.3 Truck and Tank Car Operations.

5.3.1 Shipments by Tank Truck and Tank Car.

5.3.1.1 Tank Truck and Tank Car Service/Conversion. Tank cars and trucks shall be 

continuously kept in the same grade of service to minimize the possibility of contamination. If 

this is impracticable, each vehicle shall be processed for a change in grade in accordance with 

Table XXVI of this Standard.

5.3.1.2 Tank truck and tank car loading.

*Note: At locations where fungible jet fuel stocks are cited, API Recommended Practice 1595, EI/JIG 

1530, or JIG 2/3 compliance is required.

5.3.1.2.1 Safety. Appropriate safety measures shall be taken during loading and 

unloading operations. Blanking caps shall be fitted to all filling and discharge connections not in 

use.

5.3.1.2.2 Loading Line. Prior to loading, the contents of the source tank and the loading 

line to the fill rack shall be checked in accordance with Table IX. *For terminals loading from 

fungible jet fuel stocks, the procedures used to confirm quality for all customers are acceptable

when terminal is in compliance with defined standards as identified in the note of paragraph 

5.3.1.2 above.

5.3.1.2.3 Procedures at the Loading Rack. Upon arrival at the loading rack, trucks and 

tank cars shall be inspected for safety discrepancies and suitability to transport the product. 

Dome covers shall be opened, bottom outlet caps on tank cars removed, and the bottom outlet 

valves fully opened. This allows residues from previous cargoes to drain completely into a 

suitable container. The outlet valves shall be inspected and if found defective shall be repaired 

or replaced prior to loading. *For terminals loading from fungible jet fuel stocks, the procedures 

used to confirm quality for all customers are acceptable when terminal is in compliance with 

defined standards as identified in the note of paragraph 5.3.1.2 above.

5.3.1.2.4 NATO Codes. In NATO countries, wherever possible, the vehicle should be 

clearly marked with the NATO code numbers of the product being carried.

5.3.1.2.5 Gaskets and Hose Connections. Care shall be taken to ensure gaskets and hose 

connections are maintained in good condition so fill and discharge connections will be air and 

fluid tight.

5.3.1.2.6 Vehicle Tank Cleanliness. Each truck or tank car shall be inspected for 

cleanliness and suitability to receive product. Interiors, including domes, shall be free from 

loose rust, scale, or dirt and shall be dry (water-free) prior to loading. If being used, truck hoses 

and pumps shall be checked to assure they are clean and dry. See Table XXVI for product 

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specific cleaning requirements.

5.3.1.2.6.1 F-24/Jet A/Jet A-1. * With the conversion to F-24 (JET A with additives) /Jet 

A-1 (regraded to JP-8 after addition of additives), more load locations do not have or will not 

inspect trucks. Therefore, it is desired that all trucks hauling Jet A / Jet A-1 for DLA be 

dedicated to jet service. Where this cannot be accomplished, the company/driver must have 

available documentation on the last product carried from documents required by DOT to be on 

the truck between a delivery and the next load. Additionally, if required, documentation must be 

available to show the government inspector who has responsibility over the facility that

conversion requirements in Table XXVI have been complied with. 

5.3.1.2.7 Product Free-Fall. For top-loading facilities, care shall be taken to prevent 

fuels other than residuals from free-falling or splashing during loading operations by inserting 

the discharge hose or loading arm fill pipe to the bottom of the tank. The fill rate shall be slow 

until hose or fill pipe is covered by six inches of product. Prior to loading, particular attention 

shall be given to the outlet and safety valves to ensure they are properly seated and in operable 

condition.

5.3.1.2.8 Recording Test Results. The contents of each tank car and truck shall be 

sampled for verification tests (Table IX) upon completion of loading. Test results shall be 

recorded on delivery documents and retained for one year. Injection rate to be recorded on the 

bill of lading. Retained samples of the truck/car loading shall be held by the loading facility until 

product has been received and tested by the using facility.

5.3.1.2.9 Sealing. Where sealing is required, domes and/or unloading valves in the case 

of tank cars and all openings in the case of truck loadings shall be secured and sealed with 

serially numbered seals immediately after filling. Serially numbered seals and the API gravity at 

60 oF or density at 15 oC shall be noted on shipping documents. Sealing is not required for 

quality purposes within CONUS but may be required to be performed by contract, agreement or 

by other entities.

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5.3.1.2.10 Placarding. Trucks and tank cars shall be properly placarded prior to departure 

from the loading facility, identifying cargo being carried.

5.3.2 Tank Truck and Tank Car Receipts. This section excludes tank truck and tank car 

receipts of motor gasoline, diesel and heating oil under the post, camps and station program (see 

5.4).

5.3.2.1 Before Receipt. Before commencing a truck or tank car receipt of fuel, receiving 

personnel shall assure that the receipt tank is ready and that the quality of the fuel in the receipt 

tank(s) has been determined. The terminal/facility shall be aware of the time and quantity of the 

arriving trucks. Personnel shall assure line condition is full and properly isolated to receipt tank. 

Normally, lines are dedicated, however, if not, line condition shall also be checked for quality.

Receipt tank(s) shall then be gauged, temperatures taken and a net quantity determined in 

accordance with MPMS or other applicable publication, before fuel receipt. If necessary, 

samples shall be taken of the line to assure product is the same as that being received. If product 

is to be injected with additives while discharging into the tank, personnel shall assure injectors 

are in working order and that required additives are the proper type and in proper quantity and 

quality.

5.3.2.2 Truck and Tank Car Arrival. Receiving personnel shall check accompanying 

paperwork to assure the fuel to be unloaded is the proper type and quantity. Validate the product 

grade in the truck is the same grade as in the receipt tank. Validate that the receiving point is

identical to that on the shipping papers. If not, redirect the truck to the correct off-loading 

location. If being used, truck hoses shall be checked to assure they are clean and dry for use. 

Seals, when placed at the load point, shall be checked to assure they are intact and correspond to 

the numbers on the shipping manifest/DD Form 250, or equivalent form. Afterward, personnel 

shall break seals, sample and test each compartment in accordance with Table IX . Shipment 

must be accompanied by the test report for the product carried from the loading point. Provided 

all conditions mentioned are satisfactory, the product may be discharged into receipt tanks.

a. Where seals are required, the conveyance will be checked to determine if the required 

seals are broken or missing, the product shall not be unloaded until it is determined that the 

quality and quantity is satisfactory. Demurrage charges, if any, shall be referred to the cognizant 

DLA Energy Region. Where tampering is evident, the shipper shall be notified immediately.

b. If water is present, it shall be drawn off prior to unloading. Fuels which have a cloudy 

appearance or have an unusual color shall not be accepted until laboratory tests indicate they are 

suitable for use. Cloudy or unusual color shall be reported to DQA and applicable Service 

Control Point.

c. At receipt terminals, personnel shall compare the density at 15 °C (API Gravity at 60 

°F), with the density at 15 °C (API Gravity at 60 °F) reported on the DD Form 250 or equivalent 

form. Both shall agree within ± 2 kg/m3 (0.5 degrees API).

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d. In the event water has collected in the bottom outlet valve of a tank car and has frozen, 

preventing the free movement of the valve, a steam jet, hot water or hot cloths may be used for 

thawing the ice.

5.3.2.3 Truck and Tank Car Rejection. Prior to rejection of a truck, a receiving

organization shall first notify the origin shipping point and quality representative, identifying the 

product, truck number and reason for rejection of the product. Activities shall notify their 

service control point as soon as possible after rejection of vehicle.

5.3.2.4 After Discharge. Personnel shall examine truck or tank car to determine if all 

product has been discharged into receipt tanks. Installation of a VISI-Flow gauge on the receipt 

system is another method enabling determination of full discharge. When all trucks/cars have 

been discharged, personnel shall annotate the receipt quantity on the DD Form 250 or equivalent. 

Quantity is determined by calibrated meter, gauging receipt tank(s) or methods described in 

DESC-P-2 Receipt and Shipment of Petroleum Products. When tank gauging is the method used 

for determining receipt quantities, the temperature shall also be measured and net calculations 

performed correcting the quantity received to 60 oF (15 oC). Receiving personnel shall 

investigate any quantity discrepancy in excess of that cited in DoD 4140.25-M. Time shall be 

allowed for the product to settle in the receipt tank before sampling and testing. Personnel shall 

sample and test receipt tanks in accordance with the MPMS, Chapter 8 or other applicable 

publication and Table IX. Samples shall be retained as called for in the quality control plan or 

established quality procedures.

5.4 Receipts under the Post, Camps & Stations (PC&S) Purchase Program. Under DLA 

ENERGY purchase programs, products required at the base level are normally provided under 

PC&S contracts. The following products are normally procured under PC&S contracts, mostly 

to non-Government specifications: Fuel oils (FO #2, #4, #6, etc.), Gasolines (MUR, MUM, 

MUP, MMR, MRR, MPR, Gasohol, E85, etc.), diesel fuels (DF-2, ,LS-1, LS-2, 1-D, 2-D, No. 1-

D/2-D/4-D, B20, DS-1, DS-2 etc.) and aviation turbine fuel (JP-8,F-24, Jet A, Jet A-1, TS-1, 

etc.). For aviation turbine fuel receipt/testing, see Table IX, series 6d. Product is usually 

delivered directly by the contractor, via truck or tank car to the requiring activity. On fuels, other 

than aviation, which are delivered via truck or tank car to U.S. Government installations for their 

use and consumption, Government inspection for identity and quantity will be performed by the 

receiving activity in order to accept the fuel on behalf of the Government. 

NOTE: Trucks may or may not be sealed after loading based upon contract 

requirements. Normally CONUS does not require trucks to be sealed, while OCONUS may 

require sealing due to security requirements. Whenever the item calls for delivery into or by 

barge, for either origin or destination contracts, the Contractor shall keep the QAR informed of 

the loading date and source of supply along with any changes thereto as far in advance of the 

loading date as is possible to permit necessary inspection by the U.S. Government. The U.S. 

Government reserves the right to perform quality inspection at all times and places if warranted.

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5.4.1 Truck and Tank Car Arrival/Before Delivery. Responsible fuel personnel shall 

examine accompanying paperwork, assuring the correct product, quantity and location. Verify 

seal numbers prior to discharge where seals are applicable. Validate the product grade in the 

truck is the same grade as in the receipt tank. Validate that the receiving point is identical to that 

on the shipping papers. If not identical, redirect the truck and tank car to the correct off-loading 

location. Product tank compartments shall be sampled (all-level) and examined for quality. 

Gasoline, diesel fuel and particularly aviation turbine fuel shall not contain visible water and 

sediment. Burner fuels shall not contain more than a trace of water or sediment. Excessive 

sediment may plug the burner tip degrading fuel atomization. Water can cause rough burning, 

corrode the fuel handling system and result in the production of microbiological growth. The 

type of equipment and type of burner fuel will determine the allowable limits of water and 

sediment in the fuel. If sample testing indicates an off specification product, product shall not be 

accepted. The problem shall be reported immediately after the rejection of the truck, by the 

receiving activity, to the appropriate service control point, to the DLA Energy contracting 

officer (PC&S: DLA Energy PEA FEPDA (703-767-9509); DLA Energy PEC FEPAB (703-

767-9520); DLA Energy PLB FEPB (703-767-9536); DLA Energy PLC (703-767-9511) and 

DLA Energy DQA (703-767-8362 8736). These are commercial numbers; the DSN is 427-

XXXX, using the last four numbers of the phone numbers above. The facsimile number for 703-

767-8506 for DLA Energy BP FEQB and DLA Energy DQA is 703-767-8747.

5.4.1.1 Truck and Tank Car After Delivery/Before Departure. For direct delivery to one 

location-once off-loading has been completed, the truck shall be examined to determine if any 

product is Remaining On Board (ROB). This shall be annotated on the bill of lading. If multiple 

drops are being made using a meter, the tank wagon shall also be examined, simply as a check, 

especially if all quantities are supposed to be delivered.

5.4.2 Barge Delivery. Product being delivered by barge shall be sampled and tested in 

accordance with Table IX, Series 5 and the appropriate table (Table X – Table XXV) depending 

on the type of fuel.

5.5 Receipts from the Bunkering Program. This section applies to commercial bunker 

fuels (such as MGO or IFO) from commercial suppliers at ports under DLA Energy Bunkers 

Contract. The Government has the right to inspect and/or test supplies called for under this 

program. Unless otherwise noted, inspection will be performed by the receiving activity based 

on documents required to be supplied by the commercial supplier at the time of delivery. Note 

that within the DLA Energy Bunkers Program, DLA Energy does not normally perform 

inspection at source; rather the receiving vessel is expected to perform both inspection and 

acceptance functions. Acceptance on behalf of the U.S. Government is normally made by the 

vessel representative. The products provided under the bunker program may either be under 

DLA Energy contracts or purchased directly by the vessel. The products are delivered to the 

vessels via barge, pipeline or truck when the vessels are moored to the docks. The vessel 

personnel perform quality and quantity checks. Additional testing of bunker samples may be 

through a DLA Energy, MSC or vessel contract. The requirements for a bunker test program 

include the following: (1) A flange with a sample valve (sample collar) is required to be on each

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bunker line to be used for receiving bunkers, (2) A composite sample is taken at the sample 

point, split three ways between the supplier, vessel and testing laboratory, (3) Sample 

containers/mailers are provided to the vessel for taking and sending a sample to the authorized 

testing laboratory, (4) Test results are provided back to the vessel within a specified time frame 

and (5) When problems are encountered during the delivery and cannot be resolved within the 

limits of the contract, the contracting office shall be contacted immediately for assistance.

5.5.1 Before Bunkering. Validate that the product to be delivered is exactly as ordered. 

This can be accomplished by taking a representative sample of the offered product and 

performing as a minimum of type C tests, receiving a certificate of analysis of the product to be 

tendered, or by validating that the shipping documents indicate the correct product and grade are 

being delivered. Validate quantity to be received conforms to ordered amount. The vessel

personnel have the option to witness manual gauges whether from a shore tank or bunker barge. 

To prevent fraud, especially on deliveries by bunker barges without delivery meters, the vessel 

personnel shall witness the product and water gauges for all tanks aboard the bunker barge. This 

shall include all slop and void spaces that could hold cargo. As deliveries are net volume or by 

weight, assure a temperature is taken from each cargo and slop tank. Confirm with the

bunkering vessel which tanks will be issued to the receiving vessel. When participating in a 

bunker test program, vessel personnel shall assure that the sample collar is properly affixed at the 

manifold, the sample valve is clean, sufficiently cleaned sample containers are on hand to obtain 

the drip sample and a sufficient number of containers are on hand to make the required 

distribution of the samples.

5.5.2 During Bunkering. If possible, new bunkers should be segregated until test results 

have been received and indicate that the product is satisfactory for use. Validate at the 

commencement of the delivery that the product conforms to specification requirements by taking 

a sample at the flange. Check the appearance and gravity (if capability exists). Save at least two 

quarts of any product suspected of being off-specification for future analysis. Stop the delivery 

and investigate when problems develop. Sample several times during the delivery for a visual 

inspection for water, sediment or other contaminants separate from the in-line composite drip 

sample taken. When participating in a bunker test program, start the composite drip sample as 

soon as the delivery commences so as to obtain a fully representative sample of the entire bunker 

delivery. Collect the sample as per instructions provided in the kit. Should sampling indicate a 

problem on a DLA Energy Bunker contract that cannot be resolved locally, discontinue 

bunkering and notify the DLA Energy Contracting Officer at (703) 767-8467 or by facsimile to 

(703) 767-8506. Problems of a quality nature shall also be reported to DLA Energy DQA

directly (email QA@dla.mil, phone 703-767-8736, or facsimile DSN 312-427-8747).

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5.5.3 After Bunkering. Validate quantity issued by the supplier and compare vessel 

receipt figures against supplier issue figures to confirm that any quantity difference is within 

acceptable tolerances. If manual gauges are used, the vessel has the option of witnessing the after

delivery gauges. In order to prevent fraud, witness the after delivery bunker barge water and 

product gauges from every tank gauged before bunkering commences. Maintain a record of the 

before and after bunker barge gauge readings. As deliveries are net volume or by weight, assure 

a temperature is taken from each cargo and slop tank. Assure all tanks that were not intended for 

delivery have not received or issued any product, water or slops during the delivery. For vessels 

participating in a bunker testing program, follow the instructions in the kit on preparing and 

dividing the sample into aliquots for shipment to the testing facility and retain samples. Normally 

one aliquot will be sent to the laboratory, one signed for by the supplier and one retained on the 

vessel. If the bunker supplier will not accept the sample, annotate in the vessel’s log that the 

sample was refused and retain the contractor’s sample also. Retains can be put back into a 

bunker tank after quality results are received and indicate the product conforms to specification 

requirements. When non-conforming product is indicated, notify the contracting officer 

providing full documentation on the receipt and the vessel’s desired action for disposition of the 

non-conforming product.

5.5.4 Bunker Delivery Note and Statutory Sample. MARPOL 73/78, Annex VI, 

Regulation 14 and Regulation 18, requires that a Bunker Delivery Note (BDN) and a 

representative sample of the delivery be presented to the vessel receiving the bunkers by the 

supplier. Active duty Navy vessels that have taken the military exemption to these regulations 

will not accept the samples. MSC will accept samples from both commercial and DLA Energy 

suppliers. Copy of the BDN will be issued to MSC Vessels.

5.6 Receipts from the Into-Plane Program. DLA Energy contracts are established to 

service DoD/Federal Civilian aircraft at commercial airports throughout the world. Product is 

supplied directly to the customer and can be either commercial (Jet A/A-1) or Military (JP-8 or 

F-24) Additives such as FSII are provided as per location requirements. Procedures for intoplane servicing are covered under MIL-STD-1548. Problems under Into-Plane contracts shall be 

reported to the DLA Energy contracting officer (DLA Energy FEPEA, 703-767-8537/; FAX: 

703-767-8506). Problems of a quality nature shall also be reported directly to DLA Energy 

DQA (email QA@dla.mil, 703-767-8736/562-256-2509; FAX: 703-767-8747).

5.6.1 AIR Card. The Aviation Into-Plane Reimbursement Card (AIR Card) is used to 

obtain fuel at commercial locations. It identifies the airplane for billing purposes. Use of the 

AIR Card does not guarantee fuel quality at locations and contractors not contracted to DLA

Energy under the Into-Plane Program.

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5.6.2 Refueling Units. When refueling units containing turbine fuel are converted to JP8, F-24, JP-5 or commercial jet fuel service, refer to Table XXVI of this Standard for appropriate 

guidance. When the type of turbine fuel to be serviced is different from the type in the aircraft 

tanks, the fuel shall be serviced at half the normal delivery rate to minimize hazards of static 

electricity. Kerosene fuel such as Jet A, F-24, Jet A-1, JP-8, JP-5, and TS-1, when treated with 

US approved additives, are classified as the same type. A different type would be wide-cut fuel, 

such as JP-4 or Jet B. Supplies of aviation fuel for use in Secured Fuels are sealed and secured 

in accordance with AFI 31-101, Volume I.

5.7 Receipts of Aviation Secured Fuels and Support Aircraft. Secured fuel is used on 

any aircraft on which the President of the United States is a passenger. The below procedures 

apply only to secured fuels. Support aircraft shall be serviced the same as any other transient 

aircraft. JP-8 and F-24 are the primary fuels for use in these aircraft. If JP-8 or F-24 are not 

available, alternate fuels (commercial Jet A-1, commercial Jet A or JP-5, and TS-1) may be used. 

In Table XIII, Support for Secured Fuels, Commercial Jet A-1 includes fuels identified by other 

National Specifications like the Russian GOST specification TS-1 and Chinese specification No. 

3 Jet Fuel. Whenever Secured Fuels are used, tests listed in Table XIII shall be conducted on 

representative samples taken downstream of the final filtration from refueling units or hydrant 

servicing equipment prior to issuing fuel. The sample location will be under normal operating 

pressure and continuous flow.

5.7.1 Refueling on Military Installations or Supported by Military Installations. The 

Secured Fuels Advance Team will contact the DLA Energy Quality Manager to coordinate fuel 

support and testing. Those tests, within the capability of the base laboratory, shall be performed 

on base. If testing cannot be performed at a local base laboratory or if insufficient time exists for 

the sample to be forwarded to an Service/DLA Energy area lab, then local commercial testing 

will be performed. Tests performed on DLA Energy service contracts or at any other acceptable 

commercial laboratory, shall be under the direct supervision of a DLA Energy commodity 

certified Quality Assurance Representative (QAR).

5.7.2 Refueling at Other Locations. The Secured Fuels Advance Team will contact the 

appropriate DLA Energy Region Quality Manager for fuel support and testing. The Region 

Quality Manager will assign a Quality Assurance Representative (QAR), who will, in 

conjunction with the Secured Fuels Advance Team, locate a fuel source and make necessary 

arrangements for sampling and testing. The QAR will contact the Secured Fuels Advance Team 

with test results in the most expedient manner.

5.7.3 Invoice/Acquisition Procedures.

5.7.3.1 Contractual Laboratory Invoice Procedures. For testing done at contract 

locations, a DLA Energy QAR will validate invoices and submit invoices for payment per 

laboratory contractual requirements.

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5.7.3.2 Non-Contract Locations. The DLA Energy QAR will validate the invoice with 

the statement, “These services were performed and validated” and include the QAR’s signature 

and date. The bill, invoice and W-9, Request for Taxpayer Identification Number and 

Certification (applicable to U.S. Companies only) will be mailed or e-mailed for validation to: 

Defense Logistics Agency Energy, Quality Operations Division (DQA), ATTN: Laboratory 

Program Manager, 8725 John J. Kingman Road, Ft. Belvoir, VA 22060-6222 or e-mailed to 

SecureFuelInvoicing@dla.mil. DLA Energy-Quality Operations will then forward the bill, 

invoice and W-9 form (if required) to DFAS-CO for payment.

5.8 Approved Additives and Injection. Fuel is usually delivered to base level fully 

additized. This requires product to have additives injected either at the refinery, GOCO or 

COCO terminals, before shipment or en route, such as when product is injected by commercial 

pipelines just prior to delivery. Finally, product can be injected at the base level, either upon 

receipt or during a transfer within the facility. In most cases the product to be injected is jet fuel, 

being injected with FSII, CI/LI, or SDA. The +100 additive is normally injected as part of the 

base operation into a dedicated refueler. Injection equipment is usually permanently installed, 

with injectors tapped into the receiving/transfer line, and supplied by a bulk additive tank. 

Responsible base personnel shall assure injection equipment is in working order and that the rate 

of injection of the additive into the product is correct. 

5.8.1 Receipt of Approved Bulk Additives. Bulk additives are stored in smaller storage 

tanks (e.g.: 1,000 - 5,000 USG). Additives are delivered by truck (also inter-modal containers 

for OCONUS) directly from the producer. Upon arrival by truck or inter-modal container, 

paperwork shall be examined by receiving personnel to assure the proper additive is being 

received. Because of safety consideration, sampling of additives such as FSII shall be done with 

safety equipment and the knowledge of the Safety Data Sheet (SDS). Because of cleanliness 

considerations, additive sampling equipment shall not be used to sample other products. 

Arriving trucks shall be examined to determine if seals are intact. Truck pumps and hoses shall 

be clean and capped. Product tank compartments shall be sampled and tested for quality and 

density to determine if any contamination has occurred. The density of additives must be 

determined in accordance with product specification. Once accomplished, product may be 

discharged into the proper storage tank. If unable to take an all-level sample from the truck 

compartment prior to discharge, then an in-line sample taken during discharge may be used for 

testing.

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5.8.1.1 Receipt of Turbine Fuel Approved Packaged Additives. Packaged additives shall

be inspected upon arrival for correct identification, content, packaging, and damage. Containers 

should be in good condition upon arrival, and proper paper work should be supplied by the 

vendor. Packaged additives should be stored under cover, preferably in warehouses or open 

sheds. In the situation where storage must be outside, containers must be off the ground on 

pallets or dunnage and covered with tarpaulins for protection from the elements. Additives that 

are in drums should be stored on their sides with proper bracing and blocking if necessary. 

Bungs should be in horizontal position so leaks may be detected. Drums should never be stored 

in a vertical position outdoors as water will collect on the drum heads, and could seep through 

bungs. The proper packaging, storage, and stock rotation (in which the oldest material is issued 

first) will help to minimize losses due to deterioration.

5.8.2 During Injection. To assure the correct additive concentration, personnel shall 

monitor the quantity of additives expended and compare it to the target concentration and to the 

quantity of product injected. This can be done by comparing the difference in ullage of the 

additive tank to the quantity of product injected at regular intervals. Even when monitoring 

equipment exists that provides the injection rate, a manual check shall be accomplished to assure 

proper injection rate. This can be accomplished monthly,but can be performed more frequently 

such as weekly, etc. depending on the amount of injection being performed and the accuracy of 

the manual checks. To ease injection calibration accuracy, it is beneficial to premix product with 

additive prior to injecting into lines, storage tanks, and conveyances. Additives shall not be 

premixed with other additives (“cocktailed”), which can result in dangerous reactions of the 

concentrated chemicals.

5.8.3 After Injection. Product that has been injected shall be sampled and tested once 

receipt/transfer has been completed. Personnel shall consider outside temperatures, especially 

for additives such as SDA. Lower temperatures tend to lower SDA readings and higher 

temperatures tend to raise the readings.

5.8.4 Delivery Of Injected Product. All additives injected shall be listed on the CoQ, 

Refinery Certificate of Quality (RFQ), Recertification Certificate or on the shipping document. 

Either the concentration of the additive in the fuel or the quantity of the additive injected is 

required on the documentation.

5.9 Bulk Storage. Quality surveillance of bulk products shall begin upon receipt and 

continue as long as the product is in physical possession of the storage facility. Table IX is 

referenced for minimum sampling and testing for normal turnaround products and Table VIII 

outlines frequencies for the testing of products in long term storage (see 5.9.1). Sediment and 

water are the most common types of contaminants found in storage and dispensing systems. 

Their presence can cause serious problems in the systems, particularly in the operation of 

aircraft. Positive action shall be taken to prevent and eliminate their occurrence. When new 

tanks are put into service and product added (recommended one (1) meter to the new tank), then 

B-1 testing is to be conducted.

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5.9.1 Long-Term Storage. A bulk product will be considered under long term conditions 

when held at a depot for a period longer than 6 months and has not been recertified to at least a 

B-2 level test. Product stored without an inventory exchange received into existing inventories 

of at least two-thirds of the tank content from a different DFSP/commercial supplier with product 

that meets quality surveillance requirements within 6 months is considered long-term storage. 

Consolidation of product from one tank to another tank within a depot does not change its status 

to operational from long term storage unless a type B-2 test is performed. Product shall then be 

monitored for deterioration by requiring B-2 testing to check product stability in accordance with 

Table VIII. This frequency can be maintained as long as deterioration is not detected. When 

deterioration does begin (e.g. in gasolines when the oxidation stability decreases or gum level 

increases; in diesel fuel when the particulate contamination increases), the frequency of testing 

shall be increased, i.e., from six months to four months. As the deteriorating characteristics 

approach intra- Governmental receipt limits (see Tables I-VII), product shall either be consumed 

on an expedited basis, or rotated so that it can be consumed elsewhere before exceeding the

intra-Governmental receipt limits. The rate of deterioration cannot be predicted as storage 

locations throughout the world differ in temperature and environment, and the products stored 

are produced differently from refinery to refinery. Therefore, each product in long-term storage 

shall be regularly sampled and tested with an increase in testing frequency when deterioration 

begins. Product stored in collapsible containers shall be tested every month at a minimum.

5.9.2 Bulk Tank Water Restriction. Bulk fuel tanks shall be drained of water after each 

product receipt, a minimum of weekly thereafter and prior to each issue. Floating roof tanks 

shall be checked more frequently during periods of heavy rain or melting snow. Underground 

fuel tanks shall be checked more frequently when the water table is high and during periods of 

excessive rain or melting snow.

5.9.2.1 Corrosives in Tanks. In instances where water bottoms in storage tanks cannot 

be completely removed the water layer shall be checked monthly for the presence of hydrogen 

sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide, that sometimes forms as a result of bacterial action on sulfates present 

in the water, is corrosive and will cause the product to fail the copper strip corrosion requirement 

of the specification.

5.9.2.2 Tank Water Check Frequency. Water checks shall be made daily on issue tanks 

and weekly on static tanks or each time a tank is gauged, whichever occurs first. When water is 

found, it shall be drained as soon as possible.

5.9.2.3 Microbial Contamination. Microbes can exist in extremely small pockets of 

water. This growth can be corrosive creating pinpoint holes in metal. Microbial growth cycles 

can result in contamination that clogs filter. A good water removal program is an important 

maintenance function.

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5.9.3 Storage Tanks and Piping.

5.9.3.1 Storage of Similar Products. Storage tanks should continue in one type fuel to the 

extent practicable. The contents of receiving storage tanks shall always be identified before the 

receipt of new product.

5.9.3.2 Changing Product in a Storage Tank.

a. When storage tanks are changed from one type of fuel to another, tanks shall be 

inspected, cleaned if required and re-inspected to ensure elimination of excessive rust or sludge. 

See STANAG 3609 and applicable contract clauses for guidance on this subject.

b. When conversion to E85, tanks selected will be inspected, cleaned, and certified for 

compatibility and use of E85 by the Military Service Fuels Engineer.

1. Initial Fill Procedures (All Tanks) - fill the tank with E85 that has been tested. For the 

initial fill allow 48 hours settling time.

2. Displace twice the volume of the dispensing line prior to obtaining a sample. Collect 

sample into a wide mouth container and visually inspect for particulates, water, and phase 

separation.

3. Should the sample fail the visual examination, flush the dispensing line until samples 

are clear and free of visible particles. After three consecutive failures, notify the next level in the 

chain of command for further instruction.

4. Test for ethanol content according to ASTM D5798.

c. Ground diesels may switch between summer and winter grades for cloud and pour 

point purposes. These changes do not require cleaning/inspection between grade changes. In 

order to promote the swiftest conversion during summer when converting to winter grade, the 

storage tank shall be brought as low as possible before the conversion begins. Product should 

not be purchased during a summer grade period for storage when the use of the product is 

primarily for winter use. Careful planning and ordering procedures must be developed to assure 

the storage tank will be prepared for the winter use season.

1. Conversion from low sulfur diesel fuel to ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel/B20 will require 

the removal of all existing diesel fuel from the tank to the maximum extent possible. Empty the

tank with service pump to remove remaining product, clean tank. Install a 10 micron maximum 

filter on pumps.

2. After the initial B20 receipt, dispense at least twice the piping fill quantity through the 

pump to purge the system.

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d. Conversion to Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel Fuel (ULSD) Tank. The U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency has mandated that diesel fuels shall contain no more than 15 ppm by mass 

sulfur. Many diesel vehicles built after 2007 will contain emission control devices that will be 

deactivated by higher levels of sulfur. It is very important that fuel storage tanks be properly 

converted into ULSD service. The policy for converting a storage tank(s) to ULSDF is DLA 

Policy Document Number DLA Energy-I-15, Conversion of Low Sulfur Diesel Storage to Ultra 

Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) found at the DLA Energy Library page on DLA Energy Portal at

https://east.esps.disa.mil/dod/d/a/d/aenergy/scm/SitePages/Publications.aspx

 5.9.3.3 Product Cargo Check for Quality. To the extent practical, product shall be 

discharged into a single, low-innage shore tank. After discharging and checking for quality, 

identical products may be combined in common tankage. Gasoline storage tanks shall be kept as 

full as possible to minimize evaporation losses. These losses are excessive in partially filled 

cone roof tanks during extended storage.

5.9.3.4 Segregation of Product. Grades of product shall be segregated from one another 

and whenever feasible all issues made through a segregated system. Segregation of different 

grades and products shall be by some positive means such as a blank flange, spectacle plate, 

spool piece, double valve with open drain, or double block-and-bleed valve. Segregation by a 

single valve is not sufficient.

5.9.3.5 Leaking Valve Contamination. To minimize the danger of contamination from 

leaking valves, one of the following precautions is recommended:

a. Use of blank flanges between valves.

b. Removal of a section of pipe between two valves.

c. Introduction of a bleeder valve (normally open) between two valves. A catch basin 

(drip pan) shall be placed under the bleeder valve and monitored on an established schedule to 

detect leaks. Failure to perform this inspection may result in liquid overflowing the catch basin 

creating an environmentally unsafe condition.

5.9.3.6 Tank Protective Treatment. Before an internal protective treatment is applied to 

any tankage (e.g. coating), approval from the responsible DLA Energy or service technical 

authority is required.

5.9.3.7 Identification of Piping System4. Piping systems shall be marked to clearly 

identify the grade of a product being carried. MIL-STD-161 provides guidance on color 

markings, titles, and placement. In NATO countries the NATO code numbers for the product 

grade shall be included in the marking or identification system.

 4 NOTE: In certain situations security requirements may dictate what markings are not allowed.

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5.9.3.8 Settling Time in Tank. Settling time is required for determination of quantity 

measurement for official receipt quantities, sampling for tank certification after receipt or 

permitting the tank’s issue.

a. For quantity measurements in tanks greater than 2,000 barrels, a settling time of thirty 

minutes minimum is required for products that have little to no water (anticipated water level in 

the tank is less than or equal to one-eighth of an inch). For tanks less than 2,000 barrels allow a 

minimum settling time of five minutes. For products that retain water and/or sediment (e.g. 

crude, IFOs, etc.), allow a minimum of twenty-four hours of settling in bulk storage tanks before 

taking a custody transfer measurement upon receipt. Take a provisional gauge after a minimum 

of thirty minutes of settling noting it as a preliminary gauge for receipt purposes.

b. For sampling and issuing functions, the following settling times and issues apply. 

After fuel stocks have been added, allow maximum possible settling times in order to permit 

reasonable settlement of waters and solids. For aviation fuel, a minimum tank settling period of 

8 hours prior to issue or transfer is required for tanks greater than 2,000 barrels. For tanks 2,000 

barrels, or less, a settling time of thirty minutes minimum is required. Observe a longer settling 

period if mission requirements allow. Prior to issue or transfer following the settling period, 

drain the tank water removal systems.

c. For ground fuel tanks greater than 2000 barrels, minimum settling time is one hour per 

vertical foot of product received. For ground fuel tanks 2000 barrels or less, a minimum of 30 

minutes settling time is required. Observe a longer settling time if mission requirements allow. 

This settling period is not necessary when fuel handling system cleanliness has been assured by 

design to eliminate the ingestion or generation of corrosion products or contaminants and when 

transfers to the system are made through a properly monitored filter apparatus.

d. The settling period does not apply to bulk storage aboard ships. A settling period of 

thirty minutes aboard ships is recommended for static dispersing.

5.9.4 Control of Static Electricity (Aviation Turbine Fuels, Kerosene). The following 

are certain hazards and precautions emphasized in the handling of aviation turbine fuel:

a. In filling any empty tank, the initial fuel flow rate shall not exceed three feet (one 

meter) per second through a receiving line until the roof of a floating-roof tank is afloat, or a 

minimum of three feet /one meter above the level of the tank filling line is reached (see 

5.1.1.6.2).

b. Agitation of the fuel surface and air, and entrainment of air and water in fuel shall be 

avoided.

c. The fuel stream into storage tanks shall be horizontal rather than toward the bottom of 

the tank.

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d. NFPA 77 states that removal of outer garments is particularly dangerous in work areas 

where there may be flammable or explosive atmospheres that are ignitable with low electrical 

energy. Because some materials exhibit static phenomena, especially under low humidity 

conditions, the outer garments used in these areas shall be suitable for the work area. 

Recommend that outer garments not be donned or removed where a flammable or explosive 

atmosphere may exist.

e. The sampling device shall always be bonded to the tank before the sampling hatch is 

opened.

f. Personnel shall wait a minimum of thirty (30) minutes after receipts of any type of fuel 

to allow electrostatic charges to dissipate before gauging or sampling. (See 5.9.3.8 for exceptions 

for small tanks).

g. Other ignition sources of concern are the cell phone and other portable electronic 

devices (PED), cell phones or other PEDs should not be used in and around areas where 

flammable vapors are a risk, unless they have been tested, approved and labeled as intrinsically 

safe. If at all possible the use of cell phones and other PEDs should be avoided while working in 

areas exposed to flammable vapors.

5.9.5 Filtration5

. Filtration equipment of a proper type, to include use where 

appropriate of supplemental electronic sensors, shall be a part of all fuel handling systems (see 

Table XXXI). The equipment shall be inspected for condition and performance capability in 

accordance with applicable standards (e.g., MIL-PRF-52308, EI Specification 1581, etc.) or the 

equipment’s operations and maintenance manuals. Micronic filtration equipment conforms to EI 

Specification 1590. Electronic sensors that monitor free water and particulate matter which are 

used to supplement filtration equipment in providing both a solid and water defense conforms to 

Electronic EI 1598 Specification and EI 1570 Handbook. The location of this equipment is to be 

in accordance with civil engineering design criteria. Infrastructure and equipment that directly 

service aircraft must have either a filter separator or electronic sensor with a supporting filter 

separator farther upstream at final point of issue. In commercial installations the requirements 

for any maintenance of this equipment are to be consistent with the terms of the contract. 

Because filter-separators generate static electricity their location in the system shall permit a 30-

second relaxation time in product travel between the filtration equipment and receiving 

containers. The 30-second relaxation time applies only to systems designed for fuel without 

SDA. Systems designed to deliver fuel with 50 pS/m or greater concentration of SDA need not 

comply with the 30-second relaxation time.

 5 Note: "DLA Energy will provide direct funding and/or reimbursement for filter elements, coalescer cartridges, and pre-filter 

elements at Defense Fuel Support Points (DFSPs) and facilities that manage Defense Working Capital Fund (DWCF) bulk 

petroleum products."

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5.9.6 Internal Preservation. If any fuel equipment or facility is likely to be out of 

service for four months or more, then pumps, fans, motors, etc. shall be given adequate 

protection either in place, or by transfer or storage. Tanks shall be isolated, cleaned, dried and 

sealed. Water-displacing fluids shall not be used for the internal protection of aviation fuel 

tanks, as they are difficult to remove completely and they affect the water reaction property of 

the fuel. However, such fluids may be used as directed for tanks used for other products.

5.9.7 Dispensing from Curbside Pumps. The provision for bulk storage tanks are 

applicable except for conditions outlined in 5.9.2.1.

5.9.8 Sources of Contamination.

5.9.8.1 Inadvertent Mixtures. The principle sources of bulk product contamination are: 

failure to properly identify product in receiving vehicle to proper receipt tank, carelessness in 

making line connections; error in valve operation during transfer of bulk products; use of 

contaminated tanks; incomplete cleaning or flushing of product lines; leakage between 

compartments of a tanker or through partially closed or defective valves. Every precaution shall 

be exercised to prevent the inadvertent mixing of different grades of product as well as 

contaminating the product with foreign materials like water and sediment. Mixture of products 

can often be detected by changes in appearance, color, gravity, or odor. Laboratory analysis will 

detect mixtures when not visually detectable. See 5.11 and 5.12 for sources of contamination.

5.9.8.2 Handling Personnel. Contamination may also result from accident, inability or 

failure to follow prescribed procedures, carelessness, or sabotage. Proper identification and strict 

control of the entire handling and dispensing system shall be maintained to minimize 

contamination at bulk storage terminal and user activities.

5.9.8.3 Rubber Surface to Fuel. Refers to characteristics of elastomeric or rubber 

compounds that change during exposure to fuel. Seal swelling, an interaction between the fuel 

media and elastomer materials, is desirable (to a point) as a means to prevent leakage.

5.9.8.4 Container Sealant. Fuel containers with bullet hole sealing properties may be 

particularly hazardous if the fuel should penetrate to the sealing media. Long hose lines shall not 

be kept full of product. The initial throughput of a hose system equal to the volume of the hose 

shall be checked for excessive contamination. Extra precautions shall be taken to clean the 

system or containers if it has been used to store or transport diesel fuel or other lightly inhibited 

material, such as commercial motor gasolines.

5.9.9 Identification of Transfers. Prior to all product transfers, validation shall be 

accomplished to assure product grade is correct for the purpose of the transfer, and valve 

alignment is correct. Testing shall be conducted on all product transfers except for transfers of 

approved stocks from fully segregated systems (pipeline, tank car or truck) and provided that a 

grade change is not involved. Details of sampling and testing requirements are shown in Table 

IX.

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5.10 Product Intra - Governmental Receipt Limits (Tables I-VII).

5.10.1 Gasoline, Aviation. NATO F-18 (ASTM D910/100 LL) and Unleaded Aviation 

Gasolines ASTM D7547.

5.10.1.1 Knock Rating. The knock value for ratings of 100 or below is stated in terms of 

octane number and in terms of performance numbers for those above 100.

5.10.1.2 Color. Aviation gasoline may change color for such reason as mixing with 

gasoline of another color, contamination, or prolonged exposure to light. A visible cloudy or 

hazy appearance may accompany the color change. This indicates the presence of suspended 

water, precipitated lead salts, or other particulate matter. A definite yellow case or darkening of 

color may be caused by the presence of lubricating oil, diesel fuel, heating oil, or other petroleum 

products of similar nature. Off-color gasoline shall not be used until analysis is performed to 

determine product usage.

a. Color standards prepared in 4-ounce bottles from fresh, uncontaminated stocks and 

compared with the questionable gasoline may provide initial information regarding 

contamination.

b. Confirmation of contamination shall be obtained from the results of other tests. The 

type of testing to be performed would depend on the type of contamination suspected, e.g.: 

commingling, cleanliness, water and sediment.

5.10.1.3 Vapor Pressure (VP). Vapor pressures can be tested using various methods. A 

common test is called the Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) test measuring the vapor pressure created 

in a defined volume of air to volume of fuel at 100 oF. The allowed test methods for vapor 

pressure of AVGAS are listed in Table XXXIV.

a. A VP above 7.0 psi (49 kPa) indicates contamination by a more volatile product. 

Additional tests and complete investigation of the previous history of the gasoline may identify 

the contaminating agent. A possible cause of such contamination could be commingling with 

automotive gasolines which generally have higher VPs.

b. A VP below 5.5 psi (38.5 kPa) may indicate weathering (loss of volatile fractions) or 

commingling with other products having a lower VP. Disposition of a weathered gasoline shall

be made on the basis of other pertinent tests such as distillation range, knock rating, gum and 

lead content.

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5.10.1.4 Corrosion. A gasoline having a copper strip rating of ASTM 2a or greater is 

corrosive. This may be caused by the presence of other petroleum products or by corrosive 

materials having been extracted from sulfur-impregnated rust present in transport or storage 

systems or sulfate reducing bacteria.

5.10.1.5 Water and Sediment. These characteristics shall be controlled within the 

transportation, storage, handling and servicing systems in order to avoid serious problems in the 

operation of aircraft and resultant degradation of the supply readiness position.

5.10.1.6 Lead Content. The maximum amount of lead permitted by ASTM D910 is 0.56 

g Pb/L or 0.53 mLTEL/L for low lead aviation gasoline (F-18). For unleaded aviation gasoline, 

the led content shall not exceed 0.013 g/L. Lead content is determined by ASTM D3237, D3341, 

or D5059 (Test Method C).

5.10.1.7 Potential Gum. Potential gum shall not exceed 6.0 mg/100mL of gasoline.

5.10.2 Aviation Turbine Fuel, NATO F-24, F-34/JP-8 (MIL-DTL-83133) and Defence

Standard 91-91), F-35/Jet A-1, Jet A/Jet A-1 (ASTM D1655) and F-40/JP-4, F44/JP-5 (MILDTL-5624), JPTS (MIL-DTL-25524)6 and TS-1(GOST 10227-86).

5.10.2.1 Existent Gum. The existent gum shall not exceed 7.0 mg per 100 ml of fuel and 

shall be dry in appearance. The preferred vaporizing medium for aviation turbine fuel is steam, 

however, the existent gum test (ASTM D381) may be performed using air as the vaporizing 

medium at the following operating temperatures: Bath: 232-246 °C; Test well: 229-235 °C. 

Existent gum may also be determined by IP 540. However, it must be noted that specification 

and contract requirements shall be followed as product and product characteristics may change.

5.10.2.2 Vapor Pressure. In requesting disposition for JP-4 which does not meet the VP 

intra- Governmental receipt limits (see Table I), the recommended alternate use or disposition 

shall take into consideration the results of other tests such as the distillation range, existent gum 

and freezing point.

 6 NOTE: See T.O. 42B1-1-16, Chapter 6, for JPTS (MIL-DTL-25524) test limits.

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5.10.2.3 Fuel System Icing Inhibitor (FSII). FSII lowers the freeze point of entrained or 

free water present in turbine fuels or in fuel systems. The amount of FSII added to turbine fuels 

in the wholesale system shall be adjusted to ensure delivery of the fuel with the minimum FSII 

content outlined in Table 1. FSII does not readily dissolve into the fuel so it must be dispersed as 

fine droplets. A proportional-flow injection system is recommended with shearing devices such 

as meters or mixers downstream of the injector. FSII will not fully disperse in “wet fuel” (fuel 

containing free water) even with proper additive injection equipment. In fuel containing free 

water, the FSII will preferentially solubilize in the water resulting in a lower than expected 

concentration of FSII in the fuel and water bottoms containing high FSII concentrations. It is 

recommended a filter-separator system be installed upstream of the FSII injection point if the 

free water content cannot be maintained below 30 ppm by volume during the injection process. 

The FSII content of turbine fuels shall be verified when a storage tank is designated as an issue 

tank or when delivery into the bulk tank. Fuel stored in floating roof issue tanks shall be 

checked for FSII content after each heavy rain. Underground storage tanks shall be checked 

during periods of heavy rain, melting snow and other periods of high water tables. It should not 

be allowed to remain in tank bottoms or filter-separator sumps. In FSII treated fuel, the water at 

tank bottoms and sumps should be carefully drained daily or more frequently if warranted. It is 

also important to prevent water and moist air from entering the FSII additive tanks because the 

water dissolves rapidly into the additive. FSII that contains an excessive amount of water will 

not readily disperse into the fuel and can settle in the aircraft fuel tank causing corrosion and 

deterioration of the tank lining materials. Therefore, a desiccator or other drying mechanism 

shall be used in the air vent to prevent entrance of moist air into the FSII storage tank. FSII, 

either by itself or mixed with water, can be corrosive to epoxy linings or aluminum vessels under 

certain conditions. Because of its corrosive nature FSII should be stored in stainless steel or 

Teflon coated tanks. Since laboratory testing has shown long-term stability of FSII is 

questionable even if stored in stainless steel containers, it is recommended FSII stocks be rotated

as frequently as possible. Bulk FSII stocks should be visually checked one month after delivery 

and fully retested for quality conformance every 9 months as a minimum. Packaged FSII stocks 

should be fully retested for quality conformance every 18 months as a minimum. 

Warning: FSII has been determined to be a health hazard. Therefore, special precautions shall be 

taken to avoid exposure when handling glycols (for example, while sampling and testing). Refer 

to the manufacturer’s SDS for safety precautions.

5.10.2.4 Flash Point Specification. JP-5, JP-8, F-24, Jet A and Jet A-1 fuel exposed to 

systems which have recently contained gasoline/naphtha or which have been contaminated by 

the same is likely to be rendered off-specification for flash point. This is critical non-compliance 

for JP-5 because of the safety factors involved in handling fuel aboard vessels at sea. For JP-8, F24, Jet A and Jet A-1 the flash point non-compliance is a ground handling safety issue. The 

extent of the severity for aviation turbine fuels used at land-based locations is based on the 

degree of flash deterioration.

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5.10.2.5 Filtration Time. Control of this property is essential to prevent rapid differential 

pressure buildup in filtration equipment and possible migration of finely divided solids into 

aircraft. Degradation of filterability may occur in transportation and storage systems and is 

particularly prevalent when fuel is exposed to saltwater and metallic contaminants.

5.10.2.6 Water and Sediment. These characteristics shall be controlled within the 

transportation, storage, handling and servicing systems in order to avoid serious problems in the 

operation of aircraft and resultant degradation of the mission readiness position.

5.10.2.7 Conductivity. Conductivity is a measure of its electrical conductance in fuels. 

By increasing conductance of the fuel, rapid dissipation of an electrostatic charge can be

accomplished. Except for direct deliveries to a using activity from a refiner, the static dissipater 

additive (conductivity additive) most likely will be injected in the JP-4, JP-8 and F-24 at the 

terminal making delivery to the using activity. The conductivity unit (CU) specification 

requirement can be found in Table I of this Standard.

5.10.2.8 Thermal Stability of JP-5. Most Navy/MSC ships have copper-nickel piping 

which results in copper leaching into JP-5 that causes oxidation stability testing failures by 

ASTM D3241. Shipboard JP-5 which fails oxidative stability testing is not suitable to be 

returned to DLA owned bulk JP-5 stock ashore. Naval Air System Command (NAVAIR) has 

determined that ships carrying JP-5 with non-conforming MIL-DTL-5624 thermal stability 

results due to copper contamination (no other known cause) may transfer that JP-5 to other ships 

for use at sea by shipboard aircraft without DLA Energy’s disposition.

5.10.2.9 Fuel Standardization Policy. The fuel standardization policy (also known as the 

Single Fuel Policy) mandates the use of a kerosene base fuel as the single fuel on the battlefield, 

for both aircraft and ground vehicles/equipment. DoD Directive 4140.25 states this policy in 

great detail. In most cases, this fuel is JP-8. Primary fuel support for sea-based aircraft shall be a 

high flash kerosene-based fuel, JP-5. In overseas theaters where the predominant fuel is in 

support of the Navy, JP-5 may be substituted for JP-8, as approved by the Combatant 

Commander. JP-8 and JP-5 have been tested in all types of tactical vehicles and equipment and 

can be used interchangeably in most cases with diesel fuel. JP-8, JP-5, F-76, Jet A, and F-24,

when used in tactical equipment, are currently exempt from the sulfur limits required by the EPA 

when used in ground vehicle equipment for on-grade use in the United States DoD.

5.10.2.10 Other Aviation Fuel Specifications. DLA Energy may obtain aviation turbine 

fuel conforming to the National specification of another country, if DoD primary fuels (JP-8, JP5, F-24) are not available. All alternate fuel approvals must be processed through the Service 

Control Points.

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5.10.3 Gasoline, Automotive, Unleaded (F-67).

5.10.3.1 Octane. Gasolines having an octane or performance number below the intraGovernmental receipt limits, specified in Table VI shall be re-sampled and the knock rating 

verified before considering it below the intra-Governmental receipt limits.

5.10.3.2 Color. F-67 gasolines are normally clear and bright but may undergo a color 

change due to mixing with dyed fuels (aviation gasolines, certain commercial leaded gasolines, 

or high sulfur diesel fuels). A cloudy or hazy appearance that may accompany the color change 

is usually caused by suspended water, precipitated lead salts, or other particulates. A yellow cast 

may be caused by contamination with diesel fuel, lubricating oil, or other petroleum products.

5.10.3.3 Lead Content. The maximum amount of lead permitted for unleaded F-67 per 

STANAG 7090 is 5 mg/L. Lead content in gasoline may be restricted to a lower limit by local 

regulation. Lead content will be determined by ASTM D3341 or ASTM D5059 (Test Method C).

5.10.3.4 Copper Strip Corrosion. Gasoline with corrosion rating of ASTM 2a or greater 

shall be segregated and reported as prescribed in 5.13.

5.10.3.5 Vapor Pressure (VP). Vapor pressures are determined by class as well as 

geographic and climatic conditions. They may also be regulated by national authorities. The 

vapor pressure receipt limits are listed in Table VI.

5.10.4 Automotive Spark Ignition Engine Fuel: Commercial Gasoline (ASTM D4814) 

and Gasohol, Automotive, Unleaded (A-A-52530). Under authority of the Clean Air Act, 

gasolines marketed in the United States, territories and possessions may have restrictions on 

vapor pressure limits and have mandates for the use of gasoline-oxygenate blends for the purpose 

of controlling emission. An oxygenate is a hydrocarbon that contains an oxygen atom embedded 

in a chain of hydrogen and carbon atoms. Oxygenates are usually alcohols or alcohol-derived 

ethers and are added to gasolines to increase its oxygen content. The increased oxygen content 

results in a cleaner, more efficient fuel. The restrictions vary by region and time of year. 

Oxygenated Gasoline is sold in designated areas during the winter months when the carbon 

monoxide problem is the most serious. Reformulated Gasoline is an oxygenated fuel sold in 

designated areas year round to control emission. Reformulated Gasoline differs from Oxygenated 

Gasoline in the amount of oxygenate (2.0% by mass compared to 2.7% by mass). Some states, 

notably California, may have more restrictive regulations. Many States now require a blend of 10

vol % ethanol to either meet the oxygenate requirements or to fulfill a requirement to reduce

consumption of petroleum based fuels. Therefore the fuel may be designated as gasoline, not 

gasohol, and still contain 10 vol % ethanol. The States that do not require ethanol in their 

gasolines still refer to the 10 vol % blend as gasohol. This is on a State-by-State basis.

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5.10.4.1 Octane. Gasolines having an octane or performance number below the intraGovernmental receipt limits, specified in Table VII, shall be re-sampled and the knock rating 

verified before considering it below the intra-Governmental receipt limits.

5.10.4.2 Solvent-Washed Gum. Values for gasohol are based on those of the base 

gasoline. Commercial gasoline may contain detergent and multifunctional additives designed to 

maintain engine fuel system cleanliness. These additives can contribute to high unwashed gum 

levels. Generally, the values will be reduced to acceptable levels by the heptane wash.

5.10.4.3 Lead Content. The maximum amount of lead permitted in the U. S. by the 

Clean Air Act is 0.013 grams /L for unleaded gasoline. Gasohol is considered an unleaded 

gasoline. Gasoline containing more than the prescribed lead content may be blended with 

gasoline of a lower lead content so the resultant blend conforms to the requirements. Lead 

content shall be determined by ASTM D3237 or ASTM D5059 (Test Method C “Low Lead 

Method”).

5.10.4.4 Copper Strip Corrosion. Gasoline with a copper corrosion rating of ASTM 2a 

or greater shall be segregated and reported as prescribed in 5.13.

5.10.4.5 Vapor Pressure (VP). Values for gasohol are based on those of the base 

gasoline. Blending to meet the VP limit is permissible provided the resultant blends meets all 

specifications and inter- Governmental receipt limits. The specifications for receipt limits can be 

found in Table VII of this Standard.

5.10.4.6 Water Tolerance. Gasohol shall not separate into two phases with the addition 

of water up to 0.1% by volume at various temperatures based upon class of fuel. See Table X7.1 

(U.S. Maximum Temperature for Phase Separation, o

C) of ASTM D4814.

5.10.5 E85. This liquid fuel is handled in a manner similar to that of gasoline, the 

chemical properties of alcohol are different than those of gasoline and must be recognized when 

establishing a fuel handling standard. To reduce the chance for failure or contamination of 

alcohol equipment and systems, select proper materials and control composition. Ethanol is not 

compatible with aluminum, and all aluminum products must be removed from a gasoline 

dispensing system that will be used to dispense E85. The ASTM standard specification for 

blended ethanol fuel is designated as ASTM D5798. This ASTM specification covers fuel 

blends for different seasons and geographical areas. In accordance with the EPA regulations, all 

commercial grades of gasoline must contain certain additives, detergents, and corrosion 

inhibitors. In a finished blend of E85, any additive that was found previously in gasoline is now 

contained in E85 (although at reduced levels). While adding detergent to the hydrocarbon 

component of E85 is necessary, it is not necessary to add detergent based on the alcohol portion 

of the product. Overuse of additives with E85 may result in poor vehicle operation. The most 

common form of hydrocarbon used in the blending of E85 is unleaded gasoline. The 

hydrocarbon blended with the ethanol in E85 must meet the same standards as gasoline.

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5.10.6 Fuel, Naval Distillate, NATO F-76 (MIL-DTL-16884).

5.10.6.1 Cetane Number (Ignition Quality). If the F-76 does not contain ignition 

improvers as determined by ASTM D613 in this Standard, the cetane number may be estimated 

by means of the calculated cetane index as outlined in ASTM D976 or by derived cetane number 

as outlined in ASTM D6890 or ASTM D7170.

5.10.6.2 Color. Most F-76 fuels are considerably lighter in color than the maximum 

allowed (ASTM 3 Color) in MIL-DTL-16884. Darkening of color on the ASTM scale generally 

indicates product deterioration or contamination with another product. If the color exceeds

ASTM 4 Color, then type B-2 tests, as outlined in 4.2.2.5 and Table XV, shall be performed. If 

the product passes all the tests except color, then the technical authority shall be contacted prior 

to use. F-76 shall not contain dyes of any kind. MGO, a similar fuel, may contain dye.

5.10.6.3 Flash Point. Because F-76 is a standard product in shipboard operation; flash 

point is a critical safety factor. Flash point of F-76 shall conform to the specification

requirement of 60 °C (140 °F), minimum.

5.10.6.4 Distillation. F-76 failing to meet the distillation intra-Governmental receipt 

limit may be used ashore in low-speed stationary diesel engines or as boiler fuel provided all 

other specification and intra-Governmental receipt limits are met. This fuel must also meet local 

sulfur limits.

5.10.6.5 Carbon Residue on 10% Bottoms. This test is useful in determining 

contamination with higher temperature boiling range material in F-76. An increase in carbon 

residue and a darkening of color in stored F-76 indicate either contamination with another 

product or deterioration of the F-76. The addition of ignition improvers will also increase the 

carbon residue. If it has been determined that ignition improvers have not been added, then the 

fuel shall be completely tested for specification requirements to determine if other characteristics 

of the fuel have been altered because of contamination. If the increase in carbon residue is 

caused by age deterioration, the product shall be used as soon as possible.

5.10.6.6 Storage Stability. This provides insight into the anticipated time frame that the 

F-76 will remain stable in storage. After procurement, the results are not limiting, rather high 

storage stability results are viewed with other characteristics such as particulate content, carbon 

residue and color to determine whether the F-76 requires immediate consumption or can be held 

in stock longer. F-76 with high storage stability test results may be placed on restricted issue. 

Normally this restriction applies to issues to submarines.

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5.10.6.7 Water and Sediment. These contaminants shall be held to an absolute minimum 

to prevent corrosion and wear of fuel pumps and severe corrosion of shipboard gas turbine 

blades and diesel engine injectors. If a sample fails ASTM D4176 because a slight haze was 

observed, the product must meet the requirements of ASTM D2709 (0.05 vol % max). If the 

sample fails ASTM D4176, procedure 1, because it contains visible sediment or particulate 

matter, but meets the specification requirement of 10 mg/L (max) IAW ASTM D5452 or ASTM 

D6217, the product is considered acceptable provided all other requirements are met. Controls 

are discussed in other sections of this Standard on bulk transportation, bulk storage, fuel 

contamination and quality standards.

5.10.7 Fuel Oil, Diesel (ASTM D975). Diesel fuel consists of a mixture of cracked and 

straight-run stocks. This produces a fuel of good handling characteristics and availability. 

Continued innovations in engine and vehicle design and increasing engine performance 

requirements impose greater emphasis on fuel stability and cleanliness. In addition, the 

relatively low turnover rates of diesel fuel in non-tactical situations require a fuel that resists 

deterioration over time. Diesel fuel may contain up to 5 volume percent biodiesel.

5.10.7.1 RME 180 (ISO 8217). Marine Fuel Oil, the commercial denomination (IFO 

180) is an intermediate Fuel Oil 180 produced from heavy and medium oil fractions mixture, 

obtained from primary and secondary crude oil processing. This product is used as combustible 

for maritime vessels. For testing requirements see Table XVII.

5.10.7.2 RMG 380 (ISO 8217). Marine Fuel Oil, the commercial denomination (IFO 

380) is an Intermediate Fuel Oil 380. Along with RME 180 (IFO 180) RMG 380 (IFO 380) are 

the most common intermediate fuel oil grades for maritime vessels (commercially). For testing 

requirements see Table XVIII.

5.10.7.3 Water and Sediment Control. Diesel fuel shall be delivered to consuming 

vehicles through filters or filter separators in order to keep water and/or sediment contamination 

to the absolute minimum while preventing corrosion and wear of fuel pumps and injectors. 

Whether a filter or a filter-separator is required, it will be based on the operational requirements 

at the specific location. For ASTM D975 diesel fuel, Test Method ASTM D2709 is used for 

Grades No. 1-D, and No. 2-D (all sulfur levels) and Test Method ASTM D1796 is used for 

Grade No. 4-D.

5.10.7.4 Cetane Number. The cetane quality may be estimated by means of the 

calculated cetane index per ASTM D976 or ASTM D4737. However, if estimated, the value 

shall be reported as a cetane index. The cetane index should never be reported as the cetane 

number, as the two are not equivalent.

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5.10.7.5 Dyed Fuel. The Internal Revenue Service requires that a red dye be added to all 

non-taxable diesel fuel marketed in the United States, territories and possessions. Non-dyed 

fuels (Grades Ultra Low Sulfur No. 1-D and Ultra Low Sulfur No. 2-D) may acquire a reddish 

tinge due to cross contamination with dyed fuels. Such fuels may be downgraded to off-road use. 

Use of red dyed fuel for on-road use is a Federal offense7.

5.10.7.6 Distillation. Diesel fuel failing to meet the distillation intra-Governmental 

receipt limit may be downgraded for use in low-speed stationary diesel engines as heating fuel 

provided all other specification and intra-Governmental receipt limits are met.

5.10.7.7 Cloud Point. The cloud point is the temperature at which paraffinic wax 

crystals first start to appear to appear upon cooling under prescribed conditions. It is the lower 

operating limit for diesel fuel. Cloud point of diesel fuel varies with location and season. The 

cloud point of the fuel should be below the expected lowest ambient temperature. Diesel fuels 

with too high a cloud point may be blended with similar or kerosene fuels (1-K kerosene, JP-5, 

JP-8, F-24) with lower cloud points to obtain a usable product. Blending for cloud point shall 

also take into consideration the locality sulfur requirements as EPA mandated sulfur maximums 

cannot be exceeded.

5.10.7.8 Carbon Residue on 10% Bottoms. This test is useful for the determination of 

the presence of burner fuels or other higher boiling range materials in the diesel fuel. An 

increase in carbon residue and a darkening of color in stored diesel fuel indicate either 

contamination with another product or deterioration of the diesel fuel. The addition of ignition 

improvers will also increase the carbon residue. If it has been determined that ignition improvers 

have not been added, then the fuel shall be completely tested for specification requirements to 

determine if other characteristics of the fuel have been altered. If the increase in carbon residue 

is caused by age deterioration the product shall be used as soon as possible.

5.10.8 Kerosene, NATO F-58 (ASTM D3699).

5.10.8.1 Color. Kerosene may be clear or colored, and may darken with age. This 

normally has no appreciable effect upon its operational capacity. However, even a slight color 

change brought about by contamination with other products may seriously affect its intended use.

5.10.8.2 Flash Point. A flash point below intra-Governmental receipt limit precludes use 

of kerosene for its intended purpose, since the explosion danger becomes too great.

 7 NOTE: Under United States regulations if Grades No. 1-D S15 and No. 2-D S-15 are sold for tax exempt purposes, then at 

or beyond terminal storage tanks they are required by 26 CFR Part 48 to contain the dye Solvent Red 164 at a 

concentration spectrally equivalent to 3.9 pounds per thousand barrels of the solid dye standard Solvent Red 26.

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5.10.9 Diesel Fuel, Biodiesel Blend, B20 (ASTM D7467). Biodiesel (B100) is a fuel 

comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal 

fats. B20 is a blend ratio of 80 vol % petroleum-based diesel fuel (ASTM D975) with 20 vol % 

biodiesel blend stock (ASTM D6751) which requirements are listed in ASTM D7467. A B20 

product must be pre-blended prior to delivery. It is not acceptable to attempt blending into a 

Government tank during the delivery.

5.11 Aviation Fuel Contamination and Quality Standards. Delivery of clean aviation 

fuels to user equipment is essential. Effort has been directed by both the military and industry 

toward development and improvement of handling and surveillance procedures, equipment, and 

devices to ensure delivery of clean aviation fuels. The necessity for clean fuel became evident 

when aviation turbine fuels began causing problems in the modern gas turbine engine. The 

purpose of this section is to emphasize the importance of this requirement and to provide 

guidance to field operating personnel.

5.11.1 Gasoline and Gas Turbine Fuel Differences. Although information herein 

pertains to both aviation gasoline and turbine fuel, cleanliness requirements for gas turbine 

engines are more restrictive than for piston engines. High pressure, complex metering 

equipment built to close tolerances provides precise fuel metering over a wide range of altitude, 

speed and power. Dirt and water contamination become more critical for turbine engines and 

because of high fuel consumption rates contamination accumulates more rapidly. Fine 

contaminants may block engine fuel supply systems and may erode critical parts of the engine 

and fuel control system. Free water freezing at high altitudes may plug screens causing engine 

flameout. Saltwater will especially cause fouling of the fuel quantity probe and corrosion within 

the fuel system. The separation of contaminants from aviation gas turbine fuel, particularly 

grades JP-5, JP-8 and F-24 are complicated because of higher viscosity and higher relative

density, thereby increasing the required settling time. Aircraft engine filters are not designed to 

remove the fine or excessive amounts of contamination; therefore, fuel cleanup shall be 

accomplished on the ground rather than in the aircraft.

5.11.2 Quality Fuel Deliveries. It shall be reemphasized that personnel responsible for 

delivery of fuel shall take all steps necessary to ensure fuel delivered to aircraft is clean, bright, 

on-specification and water-free. Samples may be taken and inspected visually as frequently as 

necessary. If specification or intra-Governmental receipt limits are exceeded, it is obvious that 

improvement in fuel handling is urgently required. Identifying the source of contamination to 

prevent future occurrences is the most important aspect of determining necessary corrective 

action. While changing filter-separator elements may appear to resolve the problem, this action 

provides only temporary relief if excessive solids or water exists upstream of the filter-separator. 

Existing and potential problem areas shall be promptly identified and brought to the attention of 

responsible personnel.

5.11.3 Fuel Quality and Fuel Contamination. The main causes of fuel contamination are 

commingling with other petroleum products and contamination with water; solids and 

microbiological growth (see Table XXX).

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5.11.3.1 Commingling With Other Petroleum Products. This type of contamination 

usually results from inadvertent mixing with other petroleum products during transportation and 

storage. Commingling may be detected by color or odor change, but normally requires 

laboratory tests ranging from a simple gravity test to a knock rating test in a laboratory engine.

5.11.3.2 Contamination With Water, Solids, and Microbiological Growth. This type of 

contamination can frequently be detected visually since it is not miscible with the fuel. Table 

XXX of this Standard provides a list of possible contaminants along with a description of each 

type’s appearance, characteristics, and effects on aircraft performance. For additional 

information refer to ASTM Manual 47.

a. Water in fuels may be either fresh or salt and may be present either as dissolved or 

free water. Dissolved water is that which has been absorbed by the fuel and is not visible. Free 

water may be in the form of a cloud, emulsion, droplets, or in larger amounts in the bottom of a 

tank or container. Any form of free water can cause icing in the aircraft fuel system, 

malfunctioning of fuel quantity probes and corrosion of fuel system components. Saltwater will 

promote corrosion much more rapidly than fresh water.

b. Sediment appears as dust, powder, flakes, granular or fibrous materials. Total 

sediment includes both organic and inorganic materials. If the total sediment as determined by 

tests is ashed, only the inorganic portion remains. Presence of applicable quantities of fibrous 

materials is indicative of filter element breakdown, either because of a ruptured element or 

mechanical disintegration of the filter element in the fuel system. Usually a high metal content 

consisting of relatively large particles indicates a mechanical failure. Sediment or solid 

contamination can be separated into two categories: (1) coarse sediment and (2) fine sediment.

(1) Coarse sediment is sediment that easily settles out of the fuel or can be removed by 

adequate filtration. Ordinarily, particles ten (10) microns in size and larger are regarded as 

coarse sediment. Coarse particles clog fuel orifices and become wedged in sliding valve 

clearances and valve shoulders, causing malfunctions and excessive wear of fuel controls and 

metering equipment. They also clog nozzle screens and other fine screens throughout the fuel 

system.

(2) Fine sediment may be defined as particles smaller than ten microns. To a limited 

degree, this sediment can be removed by settling, filtration and centrifuging. Particles of this 

size accumulate in fuel controls appearing as a dark shellac-like surface on sliding valves. These 

particles may be centrifuged out in rotating chambers as sludge-like matter resulting in sluggish 

operations of fuel metering equipment. Fine particles are not visible to the naked eye as distinct 

or separate particles. However, they will scatter light and may appear as point flashes of light or 

as a slight haze in fuel.

c. Microbiological growth consists of living organisms that grow at the fuel water 

interface. These organisms include yeast, fungus and bacteria, all of which can cause problems 

associated with microbiological contamination of aviation turbine fuels. Products of 

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microbiological organisms and fungus hold rust and water in suspension and are effective 

stabilizing agents for fuel/water emulsions. These suspensions cling to glass and metal surfaces 

and may cause erroneous readings in fuel quantity systems, sluggish fuel control operations and 

sticking of flow dividers. Microbiological growth is generally found wherever pockets of water 

exist in fuel tanks. It has a brown, black or gray color and a stringy, fibrous-like appearance. 

The presence of microbiological growth in fuel being delivered to aircraft is a reliable indication 

of failure of fuel filtration equipment, inadequate water stripping of storage tanks and a need for 

more frequent cleaning of fuel storage tanks.

d. Media Migration. The active media in all filter monitor (fuse) cartridges is water 

absorbent materials known as “super-absorbent polymer.” Filter monitor cartridges qualified to 

EI 1583 4th edition or earlier editions may allow small quantities of this material to pass or 

migrate into the fuel as the fuel flows through the filter monitor. A portion of this material can 

then exit the downstream side of the filter monitor entrained in the fuel. Although FSII has been 

proven to accelerate the media migration process, media migration occurs in the absence of any 

FSII additive. Initially super-absorbent polymer material takes the form of small solid

particulates. These particles form a gel when exposed to water and/or fuel additives. Since both 

the FSII additive and super-absorbent polymer have very high affinities for water, both FSII and 

any migrated fragments of super-absorbent polymer may be found in water bottoms. Filters 

employing “super-absorbent polymer” are no longer used at Navy shore based facilities or at any 

Army and Air Force fuels activity.

e. Samples representative of fuel serviced to aircraft shall contain no fibers when a quart 

sample is visually examined. Fibers could indicate the filter or filter-separator elements are not 

functioning properly and that corrective action must be taken. Meticulous cleaning of the quart 

sample bottle is necessary to properly determine fibrous content of the fuel.

5.11.4 Acceptable Fuel.

5.11.4.1 Free Water. For product to be acceptable for fueling aircraft, it shall not only 

meet specification/intra-Governmental receipt limits requirements, but be clean, bright and 

contain no more than 10 ppm by volume of free water. The terms clean and bright are 

independent of the normal color of the fuel. Some of the common colors experienced are water 

white to various shades of straw. A cloud, haze, specks of sediment, or entrained water indicates 

the fuel is unsuitable for use and that there is an existing breakdown in fuel handling (e.g., 

equipment or procedures). Once a breakdown has been identified, steps shall be taken to find the 

source of the problem so that it may be corrected immediately.

5.11.4.2 Red Dye Contamination. Aviation turbine fuels are not to contain dye of any 

kind. The current test for examining for possible contamination of jet fuel with a dye is the 

“white bucket” test (no dilution permitted), identified in ASTM Manual 5 and EI/JIG Standard 

1530. In this test a portion of jet fuel is placed into a white bucket and examined for any color 

change which may be attributable to the dye. Under current policy if any red or pink color is 

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visually detected the product is not acceptable for use or downgrade.

5.11.4.3 Cloudy or Hazy Fuel. Ordinarily, a cloud in the fuel indicates the presence of 

water, but a cloud can also be caused by excessive amounts of fine sediment or a finely dispersed 

stabilized emulsion. Fuel containing a cloud from either cause is not acceptable for use. For JP8, F-24, JP-5, and JP-4 at the time of government acceptance, the finished fuel or finished fuel 

blend shall be visually free from undissolved water, sediment or suspended matter, and shall be 

clear and bright. In case of dispute, the fuel shall be clear and bright at 21 °C (70 °F) and contain 

no more than 1.0 mg/L of particulate matter.

5.11.4.4 Sediment in Fuel. Visible specks or sediment granules in the fuel indicate a 

particle size larger than forty microns. The presence of any appreciable number of such particles 

indicates a filter- separators malfunction, a source of contamination downstream of the filterseparator, or an improperly cleaned sample container. Sediment ordinarily encountered is an 

extremely fine powder, rouge, or silt. In a sample of clean fuel (one taken after a filter), no 

sediment should be visible.

5.12 Ground Mobility Fuel Contamination. Many of the elements found in aircraft 

engines are also found in ground-based engines (e.g.: burner cans and injectors) and are just as 

prone to failure due to fuel contamination. This is especially true with the increased use of 

turbine engines to replace compression ignition piston engines in ground equipment/vehicles, the 

more sophisticated fuel delivery systems found in current compression ignition engines, and the 

introduction of certain alternative fuels. The purpose of this section is to provide information on 

the nature of the contaminants common to ground mobility fuels and to give guidance to field 

operating personnel as to the procedures necessary to prevent or eliminate fuel contamination. 

Whenever specification or intra-Governmental receipt limits on fuel contamination are exceeded, 

the probable cause shall be investigated and appropriate corrective action taken. Such corrective 

action shall be completed before the fuel is allowed to reach the using vehicle or equipment.

5.12.1 Ground Mobility Fuels. The general types of ground mobility fuels are diesel fuel 

and aviation turbine fuel (JP-8, JP-5, NATO F-24, Jet A, and Jet A-1), however, some 

specialized equipment still use automotive gasoline. The use of aviation turbine fuel as a ground 

mobility fuel is mandated by the Fuel Standardization policy of DoD Directive 4140.25. 

Aviation turbine fuels is kerosene-based fuel and is an acceptable substitute/ alternate for diesel 

fuel. Using aviation turbine fuels is essentially no different than operating diesel engines with 

diesel fuel products. All five fuels require a high degree of attention to basic housekeeping rules 

to ensure delivery of a clean, dry product and each type has its own unique problems.

5.12.1.1 Automotive Gasoline. Gasoline has a tendency to form gum deposits in storage. 

Gasohol, a gasoline and alcohol blend, is sensitive to small quantities of free water.

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5.12.1.2 Diesel Fuel. Because of its higher content of naturally occurring and added 

surfactants along with a higher viscosity when compared to gasoline, diesel holds water droplets 

in suspension that resist removal by coalescence. Biodiesel blends can reduce exhaust 

emissions; however, water absorption occurs at a greater rate. It should be noted biodiesel 

blends have not been approved for use in tactical/combat vehicles deploying for overseas combat 

areas.

5.12.1.3 Aviation Turbine Fuel. Being able to issue aviation turbine fuel as a ground and 

aviation product may simplify storage, quality control, and distribution while supporting the Fuel 

Standardization policy directed by DoD Directive 4140.25. Aviation turbine fuels conditions 

must be maintained IAW the aviation turbine fuel’s specification requirements. The use of 

commercial jet fuels are not recommended for use as ground fuel unless the fuel is additized with 

corrosion inhibitor/lubricity approver additives IAW QPL-25017 concentration levels. Unless 

under emergency conditions, the appropriate Service Control Point shall be contacted for 

guidance and/or assistance prior to using unadditized commercial jet fuels for ground fuel 

applications.

a. Fuel conductivity must be between 150 and 600 pS/m for JP-8 and F-24.

b. JP-8 or F-24, as a ground fuel, does not meet current Federal, State and local 

regulations for ULSD for either on-road or off- road usage in commercial vehicles. If JP-8 is 

designated for ground fuel use, consult Federal, State and local regulations to determine allowed 

sulfur content. DoD tactical vehicles and equipment are exempt from environmental sulfur 

limits imposed on diesel use. However, non-tactical diesel equipment is not exempt. Therefore, 

product used for commercial equipment must comply with the environmental regulations for the 

commercial equipment. In many countries, including the US, ultra-low sulfur diesel is required. 

Many US commercial vehicles made after 2007 include a pollution control device that is 

sensitive to total sulfur contents greater than 15 mg/kg (ppm by volume). Using a fuel with 

higher sulfur content will cause the device to fail and preclude further operation of the 

equipment. For these commercial vehicles JP-8 or F-24 fuel is not recommended for use in 

whole or as a blending stock, as the sulfur content of the final blend will likely be higher than what is required.

5.12.2 Fuel Contamination and Contamination Prevention. Ground fuel contaminants 

include those caused by the commingling of other fuels, by the introduction of sediment and 

water, and by the products of fuel deterioration.

5.12.2.1 Contamination With Other Fuels (Commingling). Contamination of this type 

usually results from an accidental mixing of different types of fuel during storage or 

transportation or from refueling vehicles or equipment with the wrong fuel. It may also occur in 

smaller quantities from improper batching in pipelines or from failure to adequately clean fuel 

tanks when switch loading. The effects of commingling vary with the amount and type of fuels, 

as the following examples illustrate:

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a. Contamination of diesel fuel with gasoline or a low flash point turbine fuel will lower 

the flash point of the diesel and create a safety hazard, and lower the cetane value.

b. Contamination of motor gasoline, gasohol, or oxygenated gasoline with diesel fuel 

will reduce the antiknock index (average of research and motor octane numbers) and will cause 

increased engine deposits, as well as decreased storage stability. It will also expand the 

flammability limits over that of neat gasoline.

c. Contamination of unleaded gasoline with leaded gasoline will result in damaging the 

catalytic converter in the using vehicles equipped with emission control systems. In many cases 

it will also void warranties.

5.12.2.2 Contamination With Water. Water in fuel may be either fresh or salt and may 

be either dissolved or free water. Dissolved water is water that has been solubilize in the fuel 

and is invisible. It usually does not pose a threat to engines as the amount is generally less than 

100 ppm by volume. However, decreasing the fuel temperature can cause dissolved water to 

come out of solution to form free water. Free water may be in the form of an emulsion, fine 

droplets in suspension, or in larger quantities that separate and sink to the bottoms of a tank or 

container. Free water in ground fuels can cause stalling, injector fouling and other engine 

malfunctions as well as being a cause of corrosion. In cold weather free water may cause 

blockage of fuel lines by freezing. Diesel fuel contains high levels of surfactants, usually left as 

refinery residuals or those introduced in additive systems. These surfactants keep water droplets 

in suspension and resist separation by coalescence. If gasohol is exposed to water, it will tend to 

separate into two phases with the aqueous alcohol phase on the bottom. If this lower phase is 

delivered to the engine, serious malfunction will result. Water in fuel can arise by condensation, 

leakage, seepage of ground water into underground storage tanks, or from rain leaking into 

storage or vehicle tanks.

5.12.2.3 Contamination With Sediment. Sediment may be in the form of dust, powder,

flakes, granular material, fibrous material, agglomerates, sludge, or slime. Sediment includes 

both organic and inorganic matter. The sediment may be denser than fuel (tending to sink) or 

lighter than fuel (tending to float). If the fuel container or tank has a water bottom, some or all of 

the sediment may be present at the fuel and water interface.

a. Inorganic sediment includes metallic and rust particles, siliceous material, and mineral 

fibers such as fiberglass. Coarse sediment (greater than ten microns) may clog fuel lines and 

damage fuel injector pumps and other engine components. Fine sediment may form a sludgelike material degrading the operations of fuel pumps and metering equipment. The composition 

of the sediment usually reveals its source. Metallic particles may be present as a result of 

mechanical failure further up the fuel system. Rust particles are usually from tanks and

pipelines. Fiberglass fibers may indicate the breakdown of filter/coalesce elements.

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b. Organic sediment consists primarily of the deterioration of products of fuel and of 

microbiological debris. The deterioration products take the form of brown to black insoluble 

material, gums and sludge that can clog filters and screens. Gums are the products of oxidation 

and polymerization of unsaturated hydrocarbons frequently found in gasoline and distillate fuels.

Microbiological organisms include bacteria, yeasts, fungi and protozoa. Bacteria and fungi are 

the prime categories usually found in fuel systems. Bacteria are single-cell organisms that can 

live in the presence of free oxygen (aerobic), or in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic). Fungi are 

larger than bacteria and grow to form fungal mats. Fungi produce spores that can germinate in 

the presence of water. The organisms can grow in strings, mats, or globules and usually appear 

black, green, or brown. They are frequently seen on the surface of filter coalescer elements. All 

microbiological species require the presence of water. Growth takes place at the fuel/water 

interface where organisms feed on the fuel. Many bacteria and fungi can produce acids and 

other metabolic products which can promote corrosion of metal surfaces. The mats and globules 

can block fuel systems.

5.12.2.4 Fuel Contamination Prevention. The following practices and procedures are 

recommended to minimize the possibilities of fuel contamination.

a. The use of filter-separators, meeting the performance requirements of MIL-PRF52308 or EI 1581 is mandatory for aviation and ground fuels issued. Delivery of fuels through a 

filter-separator should reduce the water and sediment contamination to a minimum and prevent 

corrosion, wear and deposits in the using equipment and vehicles. Furthermore, the life of the 

engine-mounted filters will be extended and fewer fuel blockage incidents will occur. Filterseparators are not recommended for use with gasohol as they facilitate water/fuel contact and can 

encourage phase separation.

b. All fuel tanks, from the using vehicle/equipment back to the bulk storage tank, shall 

not be allowed to accumulate water bottoms. Fuel tanks shall be drained regularly. This 

deprives microorganisms of water essential to their growth, reduces corrosion in the fuel system, 

and prevents freezing of fuel lines in cold weather.

c. Fuel operating tanks (fixed tanks dispensing fuel directly to using vehicles and equipment) 

and bulk storage tanks shall be inspected in accordance with STANAG 3609. Ground fuel tanks are 

inspected whenever fuel samples approach or exceed intra-Governmental receipt limits, or when they 

show evidence of excessive rusting and sludging, microbiological growth, or liner deterioration.

d. The empty space at the top of the fuel tank breathes through the vent during periodic 

temperature and pressure cycles. As a result, moisture laden air is drawn into the tank where 

water can condense on the metal surfaces to cause corrosion and support microbiological growth. 

Keeping the vehicle full will reduce the volume of air and minimize the chance of condensation.

e. FSII meeting the requirements of MIL-DTL-85470 may be added to diesel fuels at a 

concentration up to 0.15 vol % to cope with small amounts of water contamination (entrained 

water), or to keep separated water from freezing. A diesel fuel additive (MIL-S-53021) is 

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available to control the growth of microorganisms and the deterioration of diesel fuel remaining 

in storage tanks or intended for storage (pre-positioning of material). This additive is a 

combination antioxidant, metal deactivator, detergent, corrosion inhibitor and biocide intended 

primarily for use in those fuels for vehicles and equipment destined for depot storage or for prepositioning material in a fully fueled storage condition. It must be emphasized that additives are 

not substitutes for good housekeeping and proper maintenance of fuel tanks. Additives are only 

preventative measures and cannot restore fuel that has already deteriorated past its intraGovernmental receipt limits. Only those additives authorized by the fuel specification preparing 

activity shall be added.

5.13 Non-Conforming Product.

5.13.1 Identification of a Non-Conforming Product. A product is deemed to be nonconforming when:

a. A product being accepted by an authorized Government Representative either at origin 

on an FOB. Origin contract basis or at destination on an FOB Destination contract basis 

determined by inspection and/or tests not to conform to the procurement contract specifications; 

or,

b. For DLA Energy owned product determined by inspection and/or tests not to conform 

to the Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits (IGRL) contained in Tables I-VII.

c. For DLA Energy product determined by inspection and/or test to fall between the 

product specification and the IGRL, the product is deemed acceptable for use but a report of nonconformance is still requested to improve product quality. Issuance of fuel meeting only the 

intra-Governmental receipt limit should be used as a “safety net” to continue issuing product to 

customers when a problem has been identified and corrective action is being taken to prevent 

recurrence. A product found to meet the IGRL limits after shipment of on-specification product 

from a DFSP means that a problem has been encountered within the transportation system that 

requires attention.

d. Reports of non-conforming capitalized product are categorized as Customer/Depot 

Complaints. DLA Energy DQA manages the Customer/Depot Complaint Program for DLA

Energy.

5.13.2 Disposition Request Procedures. It is DLA Energy policy to issue only those 

supplies and services that fully conform, in all respects, to the procurement specification 

requirement.

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a. When product does not meet specification limits, the facility having physical 

possession of the product shall provide pertinent details to DLA Energy DQA for bulk products 

or DLA AVIATION for packaged products. 

b. Based on these details DLA Energy DQA or DLA Aviation will provide a decision 

concerning the product’s use, rehabilitation, or disposition. The facilities shall also inform the 

cognizant DLA Energy Region. Service facilities shall coordinate with their service control 

point prior to reporting to DLA Energy.

c. For DLA Energy contract locations, DLA Energy may provide rehabilitation direction 

to the contractor after coordinating with the Service Technical Office and end user to ensure that 

the end result is a specification/intra-Governmental receipt limits product which is being issued. 

At Service run GOGOs and Service contracted sites, DLA Energy shall coordinate with the 

Service Technical Office and end user to ensure that all parties are aware of the disposition 

actions.

d. When fuel does not meet specification requirements at the time of shipment to an end 

user for any characteristic(s) that does not have an intra-Governmental receipt limit (see Tables 

I-VII), and rehabilitation is not possible, DLA Energy DQA will obtain a waiver from the 

applicable Service technical office prior to shipment to the end user.

e. Where a characteristic does have an intra-Governmental receipt limit and the product 

does not meet this limit, DLA Energy DQA shall obtain a waiver from the applicable Service 

Technical Office prior to shipment to an end user.

f. In the case of out of duty hour emergency requests, DLA Energy DQA shall provide 

disposition instructions and if possible notify the applicable Service technical office prior to 

shipment. If it is not possible to contact the Service technical office prior to shipment, then the 

contact shall be made as soon as practical.

g. When Service-owned product does not meet intra-Governmental receipt limits set 

forth in this Standard; they will contact the using Service’s technical office (see 5.13.3) for a 

decision concerning its use or disposition.

h. Report of Customer/Depot Complaint and request for disposition instructions shall be 

sent through channels to DLA Energy DQA. The use of Standard Form 368 or DLA Energy 

Disposition Form 1960 is recommended. The DLA Energy DQA office Program Manager if 

known can receive the report by e-mail. If the DLA Energy DQA, if the office Program 

Manager is unknown the request shall be sent via email to QA@dla.mil or by facsimile (703-

767-8747). The Report shall contain, as a minimum, the following details:

(1) Specification and Grade of non-conforming product.

(2) Quantity of non-conforming product by storage tank/conveyance.

(3) Location where non-conforming product is held.

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(4) Date of Receipt.

(5) Name of manufacturer, contract number, batch number, qualification number, date of 

manufacture, as applicable.

(6) Type of container or storage.

(7) Accountable military department. 

(8) Need for replacement product.

(9) Detailed laboratory test results and if known, degree of contamination and

contaminating materials. Test results reported shall include all known characteristics and 

whether results are within specification. The appropriate Type A or B test results performed on 

product just prior to identification of contamination problem shall also be included.

(10) Recommended alternate use, disposition, or proposed recovery measures, if 

appropriate. Facility capabilities to rehabilitate the non-conforming product assist in expediting 

disposition instructions.

5.13.2.1 Report of Non-Conforming Product Exceptions. For non-conforming product 

found on FOB destination procurement contracts prior to off-load, the activity having acceptance 

responsibilities shall reject the non-conforming product. The activity shall notify the DLA

Energy contracting/quality operations personnel or the military service contracting personnel by 

telephone or message in order to report the circumstances pertaining to the delivery in question. 

All information as stated in paragraph 5.13.2 (h) above is required. Disposition of the product on 

the conveyance is required prior to releasing the conveyance back to the contractor. The supplier 

needs to contact the contracting officer (or in some cases the DLA Energy contracting office may 

contact the supplier). DLA Energy shall coordinate with the concerned technical facility of the 

military department(s) in resolving the shipment and shall advise the receiving facility 

accordingly. In overseas areas the JPO and DLA Energy Regions shall be advised by DLA

Energy of the problem and its resolution. If a military service contract is involved, the 

responsible service shall take the above action.

5.13.3 Service and DLA Responsibilities. The following are the responsible technical 

organizations of the Services and DLA for petroleum and related products.

a. Army Mailing Address: U.S. Army Petroleum Center

Room 0522 Mail Stop 6241

8725 John J. Kingman Rd.

Ft. Belvoir, VA 22060-6241

Message Address: USAPC Ft Belvoir VA//AMXPC// 

Telephone: Commercial: (703) 767-0659

DSN: 427-0659

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b. Navy Mailing Address: Director

NAVSUP Energy

Attn: Code PS

8725 John J. Kingman Rd., Suite 3719

Ft. Belvoir, VA 22060-6224

Message Address: NAVSUP Energy BELVOIR VA

Telephone: Commercial: 703-767-7334/7341

DSN: 427-7334/7341

c. Air Force Mailing Address: Commanding Officer

Air Force Petroleum Office

8725 John J. Kingman Road,

Room 1227

Ft. Belvoir, VA 22060-6241

Telephone: Commercial: 703-767-8705

DSN 427-8705

Email:afpa@dla.mil

d. DLA Energy Mailing Address: DLA Energy DQA, Room 2843

8725 John J. Kingman Rd

Ft. Belvoir, VA 22060-6221

Message Address: DLA Energy

FT BELVOIR VA//DLA Energy QA,

Telephone: Commercial: 703-767-8736/8395

DSN: 427-8736/8795

e. DLA Aviation Mailing Address: DLA Aviation

Joint Commodities Division (FAJ)

8000 Jefferson Davis Highway

Richmond, VA 23297-5809

Message Address: DLA Aviation

VA//DLA AVIATION-FAJ//

Telephone: Commercial: 804-279-4257/3995/5987

DSN: 695-4257/3995/5987

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5.13.3.1 Communication Copies. DLA Energy DQA or DLA Aviation, cognizant JPO, 

and cognizant DLA Energy Region shall be furnished copies of all communication regarding 

disposition of Government-owned, off-specification product in overseas areas.

5.13.4 Chain of Custody Requirement for All Samples Shipped to a Laboratory. In order 

to ensure sample integrity a record of the chain of custody must be maintained by the sample 

owner until sample disposal. Chain of custody documentation must be used for all samples 

forwarded where there is a contractual issue in question. Each change of custody shall be 

documented at the time and place of transfer including signature of the custodian. Chain of 

custody documentation shall be forwarded to DLA Energy QA for inclusion into the Customer 

Depot Complaint (CDC) file. DLA Energy DQA determine product disposition and sample 

disposal and notify sample owner(s) accordingly. Documentation and samples representing 

legal/potential legal disputes shall be maintained until release by DLA Energy G. See Appendix 

F for a sample form that may be used to record sample chain of custody.

5.13.5 Laboratory Reports. While laboratories are authorized to provide recommended 

disposition instructions for non-conforming Defense Working Capital Fund product, only DLA

Energy DQA can provide official disposition.

5.13.6 Reclamation. This is the procedure that restores or changes the quality of a 

contaminated or off-specification product so it will meet the specification of the original product 

or a lower grade product. The process of reclamation, when properly applied, will result in 

downgrading, blending, purification, or dehydration.

5.13.6.1 Determining Factors. The following factors shall be carefully considered before 

reclamation is recommended:

a. Contaminating agents present and source of contaminants.

b. Degree of contamination.

c. Probable end-use of petroleum product in present condition with consideration given to 

laboratory analysis, purchase specification, established intra-Governmental receipt limits and 

safety factors.

d. Feasibility of removing or nullifying undesirable effects of contaminants so the

petroleum product may be used.

e. Actual location and quantities of off-specification or contaminated petroleum product.

f. Probable need for reclaimed petroleum product.

g. Availability of time, materials, equipment and labor necessary to reclaim the offspecification or contaminated product.

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5.13.7 Reclamation Techniques.

5.13.7.1 Downgrading. Downgrading is the procedure by which an off-specification or 

slightly contaminated petroleum product is approved for use as a lower grade of the same or 

similar petroleum product.

5.13.7.2 Blending. Blending is that procedure by which predetermined quantities of two 

or more similar petroleum products are mixed to produce a petroleum product of intermediate 

grade or quality.

5.13.7.3 Additive Injection/Mixing. The inclusion of an additive, such as MIL-S-53021 

(for automotive diesel fuel), along with other techniques such as blending to bring the 

characteristics of former off-specification product back into the range of on-specification or 

intra-Governmental receipt limits.

5.13.7.4. Purification. The removal of contaminating agents by filtration or dehydration.

5.13.7.5 Water Removal. Water Removal is accomplished primarily by filtering or 

settling process. Water in most light petroleum products will settle out if allowed to stand 

undisturbed from 6 to 24 hours. If the light product is in a storage tank, the excess water may be 

withdrawn through the water draw-off valve. If the product is in a small container, the water may 

be separated by filtering and decanting into another container or by siphoning off the water.

5.14 Packaged Products. This section covers receipt and storage of packaged petroleum 

products for direct delivery and stock locations. (See MIL-STD-290 Packaging and Marking of 

Petroleum and Related Products.) For sampling and testing requirements and the significance of 

testing, detailed requirements see ASTM D4057. Additional information pertaining to the 

management of package products can be obtained from DoD 4140.27-M at DoD Shelf-Life 

Program - Shelf-Life Management Manual DoD 4140.27-M. Table XXXII, Bulk and Packaged 

Additives Shelf Life and Testing Frequency, contains the requirements for testing packaged 

additives. 

5.14.1 Product Receipt. Products are delivered under DLA AVIATION contract either 

by direct delivery from the contractor’s facility to the customer, or from a depot storage facility.

5.14.2 Sampling. All samples shall be taken in accordance with standard procedures 

described in API, MPMS, Chapter 8, Section 1 or ASTM D4057, or as prescribed by product 

specifications or contract requirements and ANSI Z1.4.

5.14.2.1 Precautions. The precautions required to ensure a representative sample are 

many and depend on type of product being sampled, the type of container from which it is drawn 

and the sampling procedures employed. Each procedure is suitable for sampling a specific 

product under definite storage, transportation and container conditions. Warning: “All safety 

instructions shall be strictly observed”.

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5.14.2.2 Personnel to Conduct Sampling. Because improperly taken samples can 

completely invalidate a test, only trained and experienced personnel shall be assigned to sample 

the products. This cannot be overstressed: No amount of laboratory work will give reliable data 

on a product if the sample is not a true representation of that product.

5.14.2.3 Responsibility. This Standard shall in no way alter any assigned responsibility 

of the various activities outside the continental United States for submitting special samples to a 

designated laboratory or as directed by cognizant headquarters.

5.14.2.4 Types of Samples. A sample is a portion of a packaged petroleum product taken 

which represents that entire batch or delivery. The various types of samples are as follows:

a. Tube or thief sample is one obtained with a sampling tube or special thief, either as a 

core, or spot sample, from a specified point in the container.

b. Batch or lot sample is one obtained from a collection of units of package products.

5.14.2.5 Sampling Apparatus, Containers, and Procedures.

a. Approved type samplers shall be used as specified by ASTM/API procedures. All 

sampling apparatus and containers shall be thoroughly clean and dry, and special care shall be 

taken so no lint or fibrous material remains in or on them.

b. Apparatus and containers shall be flushed three times with 10 to 20 % of the volume of 

the sample container of the product being sampled to ensure the sample is not contaminated with 

the previous material unless otherwise specified in the test procedures. For each flush, the 

container shall be closed and shaken for 10 seconds and product replaced for the next flush. All 

cans shall be thoroughly flushed to ensure complete removal of soldering flux. Sampling 

apparatus shall be cleaned immediately after use and stored so it shall remain clean until next 

use.

c. Containers such as drums shall be sampled with a thief. In sampling drums and cans, 

care shall be taken to remove all foreign matter from the area near the enclosure before the plug 

is removed.

d. Close all sample containers tightly, immediately after taking the sample. Do not use 

sealing wax, paraffin, rubber gaskets, pressure sensitive tapes, or similar material to seal 

containers. Light sample containers shall be adequately crated to withstand shipment. To prevent 

leakage caused by thermal expansion of the product, do not fill any sample container above 80 % 

volume capacity.

e. The one gallon sample can, NSN 8110-01-371-8315, is suitable for fuel products and 

the one gallon sample can, 8110-00-178-8292, is suitable for grease products.

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5.14.2.6 Size of Samples.

a. Except for liquid units of issue greater than 1-gallon and semi-solids greater than 6.5-

pound can or container, all samples shall be submitted in the original unopened container. When 

instructed to take a sample, the sample size shall be as follows:

(1) Liquid

Unit of Issue Sample Size

Less than 1 quart 1 gallon (USG)

1-quart can Four 1 quart cans

1-gallon can 1-gallon can

Any unit of issue larger than 1 gallon 1-gallon

(2) Semi-solid

Unit of Issue Sample Size

Less than 1 pound 4 pounds

1-pound can Four 1-pound cans

5 pound can or container One 5-pound can or container

6.5-pound can or container one 6.5-pound can or container

Any unit of issue larger than 6.5 pounds 5 pounds

b. For container sizes not listed in the tables above, contact the appropriate focal point 

for instructions.

5.14.2.7 Identification of Samples. Identify each sample container immediately after 

sampling by securely attaching a DD Form 2927, Petroleum and Lubricants Sample

Identification Tag or the equivalent. The tags are available for purchase from DLA Document 

Services via the Navy Forms Online web site: 

https://navalforms.documentservices.dla.mil/web/public/home Information on the tag shall 

include the following:

a. Product and Type

b. Date Received

c. Installation

d. Sample Number

e. Laboratory Number (If known)

f. Specification Number with revision

g. National stock number (NSN)

h. Contract number

i. Product batch/ lot number

j. Contractor/Manufacturer/Supplier

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k. Quantity

l. Sample Source

m. Fill/Delivery/date of manufacture (DOM)

n. Submitter’s sample number

o. Sampled by

p. Date Sampled

q. Organization, Address, telephone, fax number and email of submitter/POC

r. Test Series, Sample Type and Sample Information and Special/Additional Information

s. Qualification number (if available)

t. In the case of packaged products, the complete markings shown on the container shall 

be furnished. The container from which the sample was taken shall be marked with the 

sample number for future identification.

5.14.3 Testing. The quality surveillance segment (testing) presented in this section is the 

minimum essential to sound management of Government-owned properties. Only by thorough 

testing procedures can premium quality surveillance be maintained.

5.14.3.1 Contamination Tests. Suspected contamination of petroleum products shall be 

confirmed by laboratory tests. Tests which have proved most useful in determining whether a 

product is contaminated and the identification of the contaminating agents are listed under the 

individual products. (See 5.10)

5.14.3.2 Specification Receipt Limits. Specification receipt limits are absolute. Multiple 

tests may be performed and if these tests do not differ from each other by more than the amount 

specified for the reproducibility of the method, the results may be averaged to determine 

compliance with the specification limits.

5.14.3.3 Testing Frequency. For current testing frequency requirements refer to DLA 

Information System (DLIS) Total Item Record (TIR).

5.14.3.4 Minimum Testing. Table IX outlines the minimum sampling and testing 

requirements considered necessary for determining the quality of petroleum and related products. 

It covers the conditions under which a sample is taken, the type of sample and the types of tests 

required to determine whether the quality is within acceptable limits.

5.14.3.5 Test Required. Tables X-XIX is a series of charts providing a detailed 

breakdown of the type of tests required for each class of product. These tests are those most 

likely to reveal deterioration which may have occurred during product handling or storage. 

Tables XX-XXV designate Service and NATO prescribed B-2 tests for specific products.

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5.14.3.6 Alternate Test Methods. The use of alternate test methods to measure physical 

properties is allowed, provided that: test results are presented in the format required in the 

specification; the test device has a demonstrated reliability and repeatability equal to or better 

than that called for by the referee ASTM International test method for the given property, and the 

device has been approved for use by the military services. The types of alternate tests are listed 

below:

a. Equivalent tests are test methods that provide analogous results and fully correlate 

with standard ASTM methods but have not yet been formally accepted by ASTM. These test 

methods have been found to provide test results that will be essentially identical to those results 

produced by ASTM testing methodologies.

b. Predictive testing involves the use of instrumental and other types of analytical 

techniques to predict lubricant test values using compositional data that typically is determined 

by standard or wet chemistry methods.

5.14.3.7 Calibrating Test Equipment. All laboratories shall calibrate testing and 

measuring equipment to the accuracy necessary to ensure the equipment is within allowable 

tolerance limits. Department of Defense has determined it no longer has an interest in NCSLZ540.1, “Laboratories, Calibration, and Measuring and Test Equipment”, and is hereby 

withdrawing its adoption of this document as of 25 April 2012. NCSL-Z540.1 is replaced by 

ISO/IEC 17025.

5.14.3.8 Additional Testing. Tables XX through XXV is not a complete listing of 

specifications which labs may test for shelf life extension. These tables contain the most 

commonly encountered specifications in the 9100 Federal Supply Class. See individual service 

guidance for specifications which have been canceled without replacement, canceled with 

replacement, shelf life code of "0", chemicals/solvents, or proprietary.

5.14.4 Disposition Procedures. Prior to submission of samples for testing or prior to 

reclassification of condition codes, the storage activity shall consult the DoD Quality Status List 

(QSL) published by DLA AVIATION to determine the status of the particular batch/lot number 

under a specific contract.

a. If the extension data is listed in the QSL, then the stock shall be updated accordingly.

b. If the QSL indicates condition code “H”, then the stock shall be disposed of through

DLA Disposition Services (formerly DRMO) in accordance with local procedures.

c. If the item is not listed in the QSL, then the appropriate focal point shall be contacted.

5.14.5 Service and DLA Responsibilities. The following are the responsible technical 

organizations within the Services and DLA for packaged petroleum products:

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a. Army U.S. Army Petroleum Center

8725 John J Kingman Rd.

Ft. Belvoir, VA 22060

DSN: 427-0659

FAX DSN: 427-0669

Commercial: (703) 767-0659

b. Navy NAVSUP Energy

Attn: Code PS

8725 John J. Kingman Rd., Suite 3719

Ft. Belvoir, VA 22060-6224

DSN: 427-7341

FAX DSN: 427-7389

Commercial: (703) 767-7341

c. Air Force Air Force Petroleum Office

ATTN: AFPET/PTPS

2430 C Street, Building 70, Area B

Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433-7631

DSN: 785-8050

FAX: DSN 785-8051

Commercial: (937) 255-8050

d. DLA

FSC 9150 only DLA Aviation

ATTN: DLA JDTA

8000 Jefferson Davis Highway

Richmond, VA 23297-5000

DSN: 695-5173

FAX DSN: 695-4370

Commercial: (804) 279-5173

FSC 9110 or 9160 DLA Troop Support

700 Robbins Avenue

Philadelphia, PA 19111-5096

DSN: 442-5515

FAX DSN: 442-5520

Commercial: (215) 697-5515

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5.14.6 Packaging and Storage of Packaged Petroleum Products. The care and 

preservation of packaged oils and lubricants in a ready-for-issue condition, from supplier to user, 

is an important responsibility of the military services. The appropriate military activity shall 

prescribe the procedures and establish the requirements in each phase of the storage program. 

These shall be predicated on the type of item, type of storage, anticipated length of storage, 

probable end use and other factors.

5.14.6.1 Documentation. Care of packaged products in storage is a program of such 

magnitude that detailed procedures cannot be included in this Standard. Reference shall be made 

to appropriate departmental publications. Pertinent highlights are cited in the following 

paragraphs.

5.14.6.2 Container Inspection. Containers shall be inspected before being placed in 

storage and periodically thereafter. These inspections shall be made more frequently if required 

by local conditions. If containers are received in an unsuitable condition and repackaging is 

necessary, the product shall be fully inspected by a Government representative at the 

repackaging facility. Under no circumstances shall product be accepted without Government 

inspection if it has been repackaged by the railroad or trucking company.

5.14.6.3 Container Suitability. Before filling, all containers shall be inspected to ensure 

they are clean, free of loose rust, paint flakes and contaminants and are suitable for receiving the 

product. Meticulous cleanliness of the container and filling equipment shall be ensured since 

many products require a high degree of cleanliness and have been micronically filtered. In 

addition to those mentioned in 5.14.7.2, the specifications for other super-clean fluids are MILPRF-7808, DoD-PRF-85734, and MIL-PRF-23699. Containers shall be appropriately marked 

prior to filling and shall be closed immediately after filling.

5.14.6.4 Drum Storage. Except in an emergency, containers shall not be stored in direct 

contact with the ground. Drums shall be stored on their sides on dunnage with proper blocking 

and bracing. Bungs shall be in a horizontal position so leaks may be detected and/or eliminated. 

Drums will never be stored vertically outdoors as water shall collect on drum heads, seep 

through bungs and contaminate the product.

5.14.6.5 Separate Storage. For identification purposes different products and grades 

shall be stored separately. Stocks of similar dates of filling shall be stored together whenever 

possible. Oldest stocks shall be used first.

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5.14.6.6 Stock Rotation. Where feasible, packaged products opened for spot checking or 

storage control testing shall be used as soon as possible. When this cannot be done the

containers shall be re- closed tightly, marked as having been previously opened and be included 

in the next issue if possible. To minimize deterioration of a product due to age, excessive 

corrosion of containers, and/or deterioration of packing and markings, (excluding other quality 

considerations), the oldest package petroleum products shall be issued first, unless they are being 

issued out for long term missions. Fill dates on the containers and the condition of the package 

are the governing factors.

5.14.6.7 Galvanized Containers. Internally galvanized containers shall not to be used.

5.14.6.8 Small Container Storage. Containers smaller than the 55-gallon drum shall be 

stored under cover, preferably in warehouses or open sheds. In emergency situations containers 

shall be stored outside, off the ground on pallets or dunnage and covered with tarpaulins for 

protection from the elements.

5.14.6.9 Contamination. Many things can happen in the filling, handling, storage and 

dispensing of packaged petroleum products. Some of the more detrimental things include 

contamination, deterioration of quality, inadvertent use of incorrect products, damage to 

equipment, loss of identity and loss of product. Improper storage conditions can lead to 

contamination, deterioration of identification markings and excessive corrosion of metal 

containers. Refilling of previously used containers without first cleaning and remarking can lead 

to contamination on issue. The use of an incorrect grade product in unmarked containers can 

result in incorrect applications with resultant loss of life and equipment. Improper loading, 

blocking, or bracing of packaged products in transportation equipment will almost always result 

in container damage and often the loss of product.

a. Water is a common source of contamination which can render packaged products 

unsuitable for use. Rough handling or improper application of plugs and gaskets will permit 

breathing and result in condensation of water vapor inside the package. Reasonable protection 

against atmospheric conditions will reduce water contamination.

b. Packaged petroleum products shall be properly protected from initial filling until 

ultimate consumption. Leaving containers open or unprotected at the final point of application 

of the product often results in contamination. Extreme care shall be taken at dispensing points to 

protect product quality. Instructions concerning disposition of product remaining after partial use 

of container contents shall be followed.

5.14.6.10 Minimum Container Markings. It is essential that containers for petroleum 

products are so marked that:

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a. The products may be properly identified through the use of DD Forms 2477-1-2-3 or 

similar extension labels. Containers shall be individually marked, in the event they become 

separated from the larger container that may have been shipped in.

b. The origin and age of the product may be determined at any time.

c. Any hazard associated with the use or handling of the product is clearly indicated as 

flammable, toxic, or corrosive.

d. Bar-code or similar methodology should be used.

5.14.6.11 Field-Filled Container Markings. The following minimum markings are 

required for all containers of petroleum products filled under field conditions:

a. National stock number

b. Nomenclature

c. Specification with revision and amendment number (if applicable)

d. Qualification Number (if applicable)

e. Contractor and contract number

f. Product batch, lot number or emulsion number

g. NATO code (if applicable)

h. Military symbol (if applicable)

i. Date of filling

j. Weight or volume of contents

k. Filling activity/ telephone number

l. Safety and use markings (when applicable)

5.14.6.12 Marking of Boxes and Cartons. Minimum markings shall also be shown on 

boxes and cartons.

5.14.6.13 Marking of Contractor Supplied Product. Packaged oils and lubricants 

supplied by contractors shall be marked in accordance with MIL-STD-290, or in accordance with 

provisions of the contract.

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5.14.6.14 Marking of Used Drums. When used drums are refilled in the field all old 

drum markings shall be completely obliterated and drums thoroughly cleaned before being filled. 

The filled drums are to be marked as required in 5.14.6.11. Total capacity is 57.2 USG; 

however, to allow for adequate vapor space the drums shall be filled as follows:

a. 54 USG, maximum, for products which flash at 27° C (81° F) or less.

b. 55 USG, maximum, for products which flash over 27° C (81° F).

5.14.7 Deterioration of Products.

5.14.7.1 Lubricating Oils and Gear Oils. Most of these oils are procured as packaged 

products; however some are also procured and shipped in bulk. Those composed entirely of 

mineral oils, including those with additives such as viscosity index improvers, pour point 

depressants, or detergents, are very stable. If the package remains unbroken and airtight, the oil 

will remain on-specification for a long period of time. Storage guides and factors contributing to 

deterioration and contamination of packaged oils are contained in 5.14.6. Guides and 

precautions pertinent to sampling are discussed in 5.14.2.

a. Most existing specifications for oils do not establish a quantitative limit for water 

content since none should theoretically be present. At the time of packaging, water content is at a 

negligible level. However, it is possible for a container to breathe air through the closures over a 

period of time, thus introducing atmospheric moisture into its contents. Very small amounts of 

water can usually be detected by cloudy or hazy appearance.

b. Engine lubricants and gear oils are required to pass ASTM D892, Foaming 

Characteristics of Lubricating Oils, which limits the amount of aerated foam in terms of foam 

tendency and foam stability. This tendency towards foaming is undesirable since it reduces 

lubricant flow to bearings/gears and decreases the thickness of the fluid film under 

hydrodynamic lubrication environments. To eliminate this, trace amounts of antifoam additives 

are added which shall be uniformly dispersed to be effective for controlling foam. Under storage 

conditions these dispersed antifoam additives may coalesce or stratify,

which decreases their effectiveness significantly by allowing high foaming values under ASTM 

D892. In actual use environments the high mechanical shear induced by gear/bearing activity redisperses the antifoaming agent so satisfactory foaming control is attained. To ensure against 

premature failing of samples because of the coalescence tendency, ASTM D892 includes a preagitation requirement prior to sample analysis that involves mixing in a Waring-type blender.

5.14.7.2 Hydraulic Fluids. Some hydraulic fluid specifications such as MIL-PRF-5606, 

MIL-PRF-6083, MIL-PRF-17672, MIL-PRF-46170, MIL-PRF-83282 and MIL-PRF-87257 

contain particle contamination limits which are so low the products are required to be packaged 

under clean room conditions. Very slight amounts of dirt, rust, and metal particles will cause 

them to fail the specification limit for contamination. Five gallon and fifty-five gallon containers 

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are opened by removing bungs. Quart and gallon containers are usually packaged in hermetically 

sealed containers, which should be opened by means of a piercing type device. To minimize 

external contamination, it is recommended that these containers are opened at the top of the 

vertical side rather than on the top. The act of opening any container may allow more 

contaminants into the fluid than the specification allows. In opening the container for use or 

evaluation it is extremely important that the can be opened and handled in a clean environment. 

The area of the container to be opened shall be flushed with filtered solvent (petroleum ether, 

mineral spirits or isopropyl alcohol). The device used for opening the container shall be

thoroughly rinsed with filtered solvent. After the container is opened, a small amount of the 

material is poured from the container and disposed of prior to pouring the sample for analysis. 

Once a container is opened, the unused portion shall be discarded. Military hydraulic fluids, 

particularly those using ester- synthetic hydrocarbon base stocks, can absorb water. The amount 

of water absorbed shall be controlled in order to prevent corrosion and other hydraulic system 

problems.

5.14.7.3 Greases. Deterioration of grease is usually indicated by bleeding or a change in 

texture, but neither constitutes assurance the grease is beyond specification limits. Tests such as 

penetration, dropping point and oil separation are necessary to make the determination.

a. Penetration is a method of measuring the consistency of grease. Consistency provides 

a means for classification of greases in accordance with the National Lubricating Grease Institute 

(NLGI) classification system. Most grease specifications contain a storage stability requirement 

which specifies that after a certain period of time under prescribed environmental conditions, the 

grease shall comply with all specification requirements except an expanded penetration. If the 

penetration is within the storage stability limits, the grease is satisfactory for use.

b. Dropping point indicates the temperature at which grease passes from a semisolid to a 

liquid state under the conditions of the test. It is not necessarily indicative of service 

performance. A change in dropping point is an indication the consistency of the grease has 

changed.

c. Oil separating from grease, commonly known as bleeding, is characteristic of most 

greases. The amount of bleeding varies with the composition of the grease, the size of the 

container and storage conditions. A film of free oil does not preclude satisfactory use of grease. 

However, where an excessive amount of free oil (pourable) is present, the grease shall not be 

used unless laboratory analysis confirms its continued conformance to specification 

requirements.

d. Incompatibility between the seal elastomer and the grease may result in the failure of 

seals to retain lubricating grease and exclude contamination. The deterioration of elastomer seals 

results in failure of lubricity and causes a shortened bearing life.

e. Grease is formulated with various types of base oils, viscosity additives, and 

thickeners. Some of these greases freeze at extreme cold weather conditions that may result in 

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failure of bearings and equipment. Most military greases will operate down to minus 54° C 

(minus 65° F), which reflects one of the military’s global operability requirements. This property 

is often determined using the bearing torque test or other rheological tests.

5.14.7.4 Insulating Oils. Special precautions shall be taken to maintain insulating oils in 

first class condition. Insulating oil is required to have a high dielectric strength. It shall be 

moisture-free and contain no foreign matter. If it is necessary to store insulating oils outdoors,

the containers shall be protected from the weather. Containers shall not be opened or unsealed 

before the oil is actually required for use. If necessary to open for test, the utmost precaution 

shall be taken against the entrance of moisture or other foreign matter.

6. NOTES

(This section contains information of a general or explanatory nature that may be 

helpful, but is not mandatory.)

6.1 Intended Use. The purpose of this Standard is to establish common requirements for 

maintaining quality during the receiving, storing and issuing of government-owned bulk and 

packaged petroleum products and coal. This Standard is military unique because it covers 

internal government procedures for the handling and storage of government-owned fuels under 

conditions not found in the commercial world such as long term storage and special testing 

requirements.

6.2 International Standardization Agreement Implementation. This standard implements 

NATO STANAGS 1110, 3149, 4714, 7036, and AIR-STD-ACS (FG) 4021. When changes to, 

revision, or cancellation of this standard are proposed, the preparing activity must coordinate the 

action with the U.S. National Point of Contact for the international standardization agreement, as 

identified in the ASSIST database at https://assist.dla.mil/ (see Foreword, Paragraph 2).

6.3 Tailoring Guidance. To ensure proper application of this Standard, invitations for 

bids, request for proposals and contractual statements of work should tailor the requirements in 

sections 4 and 5 of this Standard to exclude any unnecessary requirements.

6.4 Subject Terms (Key Words) List.

Aviation turbine fuel

Barge

Bulk Storage 

Coal

Diesel

F-24

F-27

F-76

Gasoline

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Greases

Intra-Governmental receipt limits

Jet fuel

JP-5

JP-8

Packaged products

Petroleum

Sampling of petroleum

Secured Fuels

STANAG

Tanker

Truck

Waxes

6.5 Additional References. The following references are included to identify where 

additional information may be found.

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE HANDBOOKS

MIL-HDBK-113 Guide for the Selection of Lubricants, Functional Fluids, 

Preservatives and Specialty Products for Use in Ground 

Equipment Systems

MIL-HDBK-114 Fuels, Mobility, User Handbook

MIL-HDBK-844 Aircraft Refueling Handbook for Navy/Marine Corps Aircraft

(Copies of this document are available online at https://assistca.dla.mil/ or from the 

Standardization Document Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 

19111-5094.)

FEDERAL REGULATIONS

29 CFR Hazardous Communications Standard 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 

1910.1200

(This publication is available from the Superintendent of Documents, US Government Printing 

Office Washington DC 20402)

OTHER GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS

AFI 31-101 The Air Force Installation Security Program

AFJMAN 23-209 Storage and Handling of Hazardous 

Materials

AFMAN 23-110 USAF Supply Manual

CINCLANTFLT/ CINCPACFLT 4026 Fuel Management Afloat Manual

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DLAI 4145.11/AFJMAN 23-209/TM 38-410/

MMCO 4450.12A/NAVSUP PUB 573/ Storage and Handling of Hazardous Materials

FM 10-67-1 Concepts and Equipment of Petroleum 

Operations

FM 10-67-2 Petroleum Laboratory Testing and Operations

NAVAIRINST 10350 (Series), Utilization of Aircraft Engine and Helicopter

Transmission Lubricating Oils

NAVAIR 00-80T-109 Aircraft Refueling NATOPS Manual

NAVDOCKS P-342 Fuel Storage Tank Cleaning at the Shore 

Establishment (Finished Product Tanks) 

NAVPERS 10883 Fundamentals of Petroleum 

NAVPETOFFINST 4025 Bulk Fuel and Lubricant Sources

NAVPETOFFINST 4025.2 Handling, Storing, Recycling, and/or 

Disposing of Contaminated Low-Flash 

Petroleum Product

NAVSHIPS 0900-016-0010 Manual Cargo Tank cleaning

NAVSEA S9086- SN-STM-002/CH 541 Petroleum Fuel Storage, Use and Testing

NAVSUP Manual, Volume II Supply Ashore

NAVSUP Manual, Volume III, P-485 Navy Supply Systems Command Manual 

Afloat Supply Procedures

NWP 38G Change 3 (Limited Distribution) Replenishment at Sea

UFC 3-460-01 Design: Petroleum Fuels Facilities

UFC 3-460-03 Operations and Maintenance: Maintenance of 

Petroleum Systems

(DLA and other Federal agencies may obtain copies of these documents from DLA 

Administrative Support Center, 8725 John J. Kingman Road, STE 0119, Fort Belvoir, 

VA 22060-6220. The military services should order these publications from their 

publication distribution office).

Air Force Technical Orders (T.O.)

T.O. 36-1-191 Technical and Managerial Reference for Motor Vehicle 

Maintenance

T.O. 36Y31-1-1 Removal of Rust and Sediment from Fuel and Oil 

Servicing Truck and Trailer Tanks and Application of 

Coating, Interior, Fuel and Water Resistant

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T.O. 37A-1-101 USAF Fuel, Water, and Lubricant Dispensing Equipment

T.O. 37A2-2 Series Hose Carts, Type MH-1 and MH-2

T.O. 42B-1-1 Quality Control of Fuels and Lubricants

T.O. 42B1-1-1 Fuels for USAF Piston and Turbine Support Equipment and

Administrative Vehicles

T. O. 42B1-1-14 Fuels for USAF Aircraft

T.O. 42B1-1-15 NATO/ASIC Interchangeability of Aviation Fuels, 

Lubricants, and Allied Products

T.O. 42B1-1-16 Maintenance Quality Control Procedures for JPTS 

Thermally Stable Turbine Fuel

T.O.42B1-1-22 Quality Control of Aviation Gasoline

T.O. 42B2-1-1 Use and Grades of Aircraft Engine Lubricating Oils

T.O. 42B2-1-3 General - Fluids for Hydraulic Equipment

T.O. 42C-1-12 Quality Control of Petroleum Products and Chemicals

(T.O.s can be obtained from the ETIMS Catalog listed online at ETIMS or from DLA 

Administrative Support Center, 8725 John J. Kingman Road, STE 0119, Fort Belvoir, VA 

22060-6220. The military services should order these publications from TO distribution 

system.)

6.6 Changes from previous issue. Marginal notations are not used in this revision to 

identify changes with respect to the previous issue due to the extent of the changes.

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THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK

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TABLE I

Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Aviation Turbine Fuels:

NATO F-34/JP-8 (MIL-DTL-83133), F-35/Jet A-1, NATO F-24/Jet A (ASTM D1655), F40/JP-4 and F-44/JP-5 (MIL-DTL-5624) and TS-1 (GOST 10227-86) 1, 11

TEST REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION 

LIMITS

RECEIPT 

LIMITS 2

ASTM TEST METHOD

Existent Gum, mg/100 mL, max 7 10 D3813 or IP 540

Vapor Pressure, kPa, @ 37.8°C (JP-4) 14.0 - 21.0 10.5 - 22.5 D323

Distillation, vol % recovered, @ 205°C, 

min. (JP-5) 10 7 D86

Distillation, residue, vol %, max (JP-5,

JP-4) 1.5 2.0 D86

Flash point, °C, min

JP-5 60 D56, D93 (Referee), or D3828 4

JP-8 38 D56, D93 (Referee), D3828, or 

IP 170 4

Jet A, Jet A-1, F-24 38 D56 (Referee), D93, or D3828 4

TS-1 28 GOST 6356 4

Microseparometer rating

(With additives): D3948, D7224 (Referee)

AO & MDA 90

AO & MDA & FSII 85

AO & MDA & CI/LI 80

AO & MDA & FSII & CI/LI 70 60 5

Particulate matter, mg/L, max D2276, D5452, or Appendix C

Aircraft servicing (AF/Army/Navy) 1.0 0.5/1.0/2.0 of MIL-DTL-83133

Intra-Governmental transfer 1.0 2.0 6, 7

Intra-Governmental transfer to USAF 1.0 1.5

Particle counting, cumulative channel

Counts (For Receipt Use Only)12,13,15

 4 um (c)16

 6 um (c)16

 14 um (c)16

 30 um (c)16

Channel Counts

17

17

17

17

ISO Code

19

17

14

13

IP 564, IP565, IP577, or

D761918

Copper strip corrosion, 2 h at 100°C, 

max

No. 1 D130

Filtration time, minutes, max.

JP-4 10 15 Appendix A of MIL-DTL-5624

JP-5 (No reducer ring) 15 20 Appendix A of MIL-DTL-5624

JP-8 15 20 Appendix C of MIL-DTL-83133

FSII, vol % D5006

JP-4

JP-5

0.10 - 0.15

0.08-0.11

0.09 - 0.20

0.07-0.15

JP-8, TS-1, F-24 0.07 - 0.10 0.06 - 0.15

Conductivity, pS/m D2624

JP-4, JP-8 150 - 600 8 50-700

F-24 50 - 600 8 50 - 700

Appearance C&B C&B 9 D4176

Peroxide Number, mg/kg (ppm), max 10 8.0 16.0 D3703, D6447

Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) mg/kg

Max 14 50mg/kg 50mg/kg D7797/IP 583,

IP 585 (Referee), IP 590, IP599

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TABLE I

Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Aviation Turbine Fuels - Continued

NOTES:

1. All required tests must be performed (see Tables XII-XIII). For test requirements not in this table, 

specification limits apply.

2. For limits for Secured Fuels, see Table XIII.

3. See 5.10.2.1.

4. Test Method ASTM D56 may give results up to 1 °C (2 °F) below the ASTM D93 results. ASTM D3828 

may give results up to 1.7°C (3 °F) below the ASTM D93 results. Method IP170 is also permitted; may 

give results up to 2.2 °C (4 °F) below the ASTM D93 results. For TS-1, the corresponding test method for 

GOST 6356 is ASTM D93.

5. Microseparometer will not be run if turbine fuel contains static dissipater additive. Intra-Governmental 

Receipt Limit is 60, only for fully additized product (except static dissipater additive). Lower-than-spec 

results with other additive combinations will require identifying the situation and communicating with 

DLA-ENERGY-QA.

6. Where products may be received through a fixed-placed filter vessel, the limits apply to the sample taken 

after the receipt filter. Samples taken before the receipt filter are for information purposes only. Notify the 

local QAR for any investigation and/or corrective action (info the DLA-ENERGY Region Quality 

Manager).

7. For Navy use only. Particulate matter of 8.0 mg/L, maximum, is acceptable for usage on transfers from 

shore tankage to pier side manifolds; fleet oilers, barges, tankers, and U. S. Naval vessels. The particulate 

matter requirement for JP-8 and F-24 is 1.0 mg/L, but may be issued with 10.0 mg/L for product used as a 

diesel product for ground use.

8. The conductivity must be between 150 and 600 pS/m for JP-8 (F-34) and JP-4 (F-40); and 50-600 pS/m for 

F-24, Jet A, and Jet A-1 (F-35), at ambient temperature of 29.4 °C (85 °F), whichever is lower, unless 

otherwise directed by the procuring activity. In the case of JP-8+100 and F-27 (F-24 +100, respectively, 

additized with the +100 thermal stability improver additive) the conductivity limit must be between 150 

and 700 pS/m (50 and 700 pS/m for F-27) at ambient temperature or 29.4 °C (85 °F), whichever is lower, 

unless otherwise directed by the procuring activity. The US Navy does not use conductivity additives. 

Conductivity additive is only added to JP-5 when product is used for issue or purging of Air Forces tactical 

aircraft.

9. Clear and Bright at ambient temperature, as measured where the sample is taken. If the product is not 

Clear and Bright at ambient temperature, this test will be conducted at 70 °F. An investigation would 

become necessary should the product fail at 70 °F. Steps should be taken (particularly pipeline operations) 

to confirm that hazy conditions are a result of water and not air. To make this determination: collect a 

sample of the product in question in a clean, clear glass bottle, place the sample on a flat surface and 

ascertain as to whether the bubbles in the product rise or fall. In cases where the bubbles rise, the hazy 

condition is a result of air in the product and should not be a cause for rejection. Further investigation may 

be warranted, but this simple test may prevent unfounded product rejections.

10. Only for Jet A stored in long term storage in accordance with Table VIII. There are no specification limits 

for the aviation turbine fuels listed in Table I; the number is based upon historical information.

11. For determining correct testing results (rounding protocol), see 4.2.2.2.1 Testing Rounding Protocol.

12. Either particulate matter or cumulative particle count may be used in determination if product meets 

defined standards/limits for Intra-Government receipt. Responsibility for procedure, procurement, and 

maintenance of any particle counter in support of this option resides with the respective Service that selects 

to implement particle counting. DLA Energy is not responsible for procurement or maintenance of any 

equipment in support of this option if selected by a Service.

13. If a cumulative particle count exceeds the limit for any of the specified channels as defined in Table 1, as 

it relates to Intra-Government transfer, a sample of the represented fuel must be tested for free water (AEL, 

Aqua-Glo, Hydro-Light, ASTM D3240) and particulate matter (ASTM D2276, ASTM D5452) to 

determine if product meets existing standards (10ppm, per Table 1) and assist in determining cause of 

failure.

14. FAME is defined as material meeting the limits of EN14214 or ASTM D6751. Fatty acid methyl esters 

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that fail to meet the biodiesel quality standards are not permitted in aviation turbine fuel.

15. Activity using a particulate counter must also maintain a gravimetric test (ASTM D5452). If 

particulate counter fails table 1 requirements, the gravimetric test must be performed before rejection 

occurs. The gravimetric test is the referee test method.

16. (c) indicates that the equipment has been calibrated in accordance with ISO 11171.

17. To be reported – not limited.

18. Referee Test Method.

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TABLE II

Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Fuel System Icing Inhibitor,

MIL-DTL-85470, NATO S-17451

TEST REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION 

LIMITS

RECEIPT 

LIMITS

ASTM TEST 

METHOD

Total water, mass. %, max. 0.10 0.40 D1364

NOTE:

1. All required tests must be performed (see Table XXXII, B-2 requirements). For test requirements not in 

Table XXXII, specification limits apply.

TABLE III

Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Fuel, Naval, Distillate,

NATO F-76 (MIL-DTL-16884) 1, 8

TEST REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION 

LIMITS

RECEIPT LIMITS ASTM TEST

METHOD

Color, ASTM, max. 3 42 D1500

Ash, mass %, max. 0.005 0.010 D482

Distillation

90% evaporation, °C 

End point, °C

357

385

360

388

D863

Water & sediment, vol %, max. 4 0.1 D2709

Particulate contamination, mg/L, max. 10.0 15.0 5 D6217 or D5452

Storage Stability total insoluble,

mg/100 mL max.

3.0

1.5

6.0 6

3.07

D5304

D2274

Sulfur content, wt. % (max) 0.0015 0.1 D4294

FAME content, vol% (max) 0.1 0.5 EN14078 or IP579

NOTES:

1. All required tests must be performed (see Table XV). For test requirements not in this table specification

limits apply.

2. See 5.10.6.2.

3. As the end point of the distillation is approached, if either a thermometer reading of 385 °C or a decomposition 

point is observed, discontinue the heating and resume the procedure as directed in ASTM D86.

4. See note 1 of Table 1 of MIL-DTL-16884N.

5. Shoreside-use only.

6. Storage Stability results greater than 3.0 mg/100 ml. shall be reported to DLA Energy QA.

7. Storage Stability results greater than 1.5 mg/100 ml. shall be reported to DLA Energy QA. This test is 

performed on the finished product. When ASTM D2274 is utilized, the test period shall be extended from 16 

hours to 40 hours.

8. For determining correct testing results (rounding protocol) see 4.2.2.2.1 Testing Rounding Protocol.

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TABLE IV

Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Fuel Oil, Diesel, ASTM D975 1

TEST REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION 

LIMITS

RECEIPT

LIMITS

ASTM TEST 

METHOD

Ash, mass %, max 0.01 0.025 D482

Distillation, °C D86

 90%, vol., Recovered

Grade No.1-D S15 or No.1-D S500

Grade No.2-D S15 or No.2-D S500

min

max.

288

282

338

293

277

343

NOTE:

1. All required tests must be performed (see Table XV). For test requirements not in this table specification 

limits apply.

TABLE V

Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Fuel Oil, Diesel, F-541

TEST 

REQUIREMENTS

SPECIFICATION 

LIMITS

RECEIPT 

LIMITS

ASTM TEST 

METHOD

Ash, mass %, max 0.01 0.025 D482

Color, max 5 6 D1500

Particulate contamination, mg/L, max. 10 20

D6217

EN12662 2

Flash Point, °C, min 56 55 D93

Distillation, D86

% v/v recovered at 180o C, max vol., 10 12

% v/v recovered at 340o C min

95 93

Oxidation Stability, mg/100mL, max 3 1.5 2.5

D2274

EN12205 3

NOTES:

1. All required tests must be performed (see Table XV). For test requirements not in this table specification limits 

apply.

2. Total contamination requirement for F-54 is max 24 g/m3 as per EN12662.

3. Total oxidation stability requirement for F-54 is max 25 g/m3 as per EN12205.

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TABLE VI

Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Gasoline, Unleaded, NATO F-671

TEST REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION 

LIMITS (/F-67)

RECEIPT

LIMITS

ASTM TEST 

METHOD

Color Clear Note 2 Note 3

Solvent –Washed Gum mg/100mL, max. 5 7 D381

Octane number, motor/research, min. 85.0/95.0 D2700/D2699

Vapor Pressure, kPa

Class A

Class B

Class C/C1

Class D/D1

Class E//E1

Class F/F1

45.0 - 60.0

45.0 - 70.0

50.0 - 80.0

60.0 - 90.0

65.0 - 95.0

70.0 - 100.0

43.0 - 62.0

43.0 - 72.0

48.0 - 82.0

58.0 - 92.0

63.0 - 97.0

68.0 - 102.0

D5191

Distillation, vol %, evaporated

Class A @ 70oC

@ 100o

C

@ 150o

C

Final boiling pt. (oC)

20.0 - 48.0

46.0 - 71.0

75.0, min

210, max

18.0 - 50.0

44.0 - 73.0

73.0, min

204, max

D86

Class B @ 70oC

@ 100oC

 @ 150oC 

Final boiling pt. (oC)

20.0 - 48.0

46.0 - 71.0

75.0, min.

210, max

18.0 - 50.0

44.0 - 73.0

73.0, min

204, max

Class C/C1 @ 70oC

@ 100oC

@ 150o

C 

Final boiling pt. (oC)

22.0 - 50.0

46.0 - 71.0

75.0, min.

210, max

20.0 - 52.0

44.0 - 73.0

73.0, min.

204, max

Class D/D1 @ 70oC

@100oC

@150o

C

Final boiling pt. (oC)

22.0 - 50.00

46.0 - 71.0

75.0, min

210, max

20.0 - 52.0

44.0 - 73.0

73.0, min.

204, max

Class E/E1 @ 70oC

@100oC

@150o

C 

Final boiling pt. (oC)

22.0 - 50.0

46.0 - 71.0

75.0, min.

210, max

20.0 - 52.0

44.0 - 73.0

73.0, min.

204, max

Class F/F1 @ 70

@100oC

@150oC 

Final boiling pt. (oC)

22.0 - 50.0

46.0 - 71.0

75.0, min.

210, max

20.0 - 52.0

44.0 - 73.0

73.0, min.

204, max

NOTES:

1. All required tests must be performed (see Table XIV). For test requirements not in this table specification 

limits apply.

2. See paragraph 5.10.3.2.

3. Test method is Method 103.6 in FED-STD-791.

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TABLE VII

Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Automotive Spark Ignition Engine Fuel,

ASTM D4814 and Gasohol, Automotive, Unleaded, A-A-52530 1

TEST REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION 

LIMITS

RECEIPT

LIMITS

ASTM TEST 

METHOD

Solvent-washed gum, mg/100mL, max2 5 6 D381

Antiknock index, min3

Limited Grade 

Regular Grade 

Premium Grade

87

89

91

86

88

90

D2700, D2699

Vapor Pressure, kPa, max1, 2

Class AA 

Class A 

Class B 

Class C 

Class D 

Class E

54

62

69

79

93

103

57

65

72

82

96

107

D4953/D5191

Alcohol, contents, vol %, max4 10 11 D4815 / D5599

Water tolerance, °C See Table X 7.1of

ASTM D4814

+1 °C from maximum

temperature for phase 

separation, listed in 

Table X 7.1

of ASTM 4814

Note5

NOTES:

1. All required tests must be performed (see Table XIV). For test requirements not in this table specification 

limits apply.

2. Value shown for gasohol based on the values of the base gasoline. (see 5.10.4.5 for VP).

3. Average of research (RON) and motor octane numbers (MON) or (RON+MON)/2.

4. These requirements only apply to gasohol.

5. Maximum temperature allowable before separation into two phases by addition of 0.1 % water.

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TABLE VIII

Minimum Frequency for Testing Long Term Storage of Petroleum Products 1

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MINIMUM TESTING FREQUENCY 

(MONTHS)

BULK PACKAGED

Gasoline, Aviation 6 6

Gasoline, Automotive2 6 12

Turbine Fuels, Aviation2 6 12

Diesel Fuels 6 12

Kerosene 6 12

Fuels, Burner 6 12

Fog Oils 6 12

Other Petroleum Products, such as Oils and Greases 6 See note 3

NOTES:

1. Product at a depot for a period longer than that indicated in Table VIII which has not been recertified to at least 

a Type B-2 test.

2. Product stored in collapsible containers shall be tested every month as a minimum.

3. For products listed in Tables 20-25 see minimum retest frequency for that product.

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TABLE IX

Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements for Petroleum Products

SERIES LOCATION OF

STOCKS

TYPE 

STORAGE

WHEN

SAMPLED

TYPE

SAMPLE1

TESTING

REQUIRED 2, 4, 15,16 REMARKS 9

1 Upon procurement at: refineries,

blending installations, etc. and at 

main installations including

national depots & oceanimporting points on establishment 

of new batches.

Bulk Before acceptance of

new material and after 

establishment of new 

batch.

Upper, middle, and lower

composite, or all-level 

composite from each

storage tank.

A Samples shall be retained

IAW solicitation, contract 

and/or QCP requirements.

2 Storage tanks and pipelines, for

Pipeline Shipments or Vessel

Loadings of Government Stocks.

For all stock locations and

operations, at the direction

of the QAR, and with the 

concurrence of DLA

Energy QA, additional 

sampling and testing maybe 

required as the conditions 

warrant.

2a Storage tanks Bulk Before shipment or

Loading

Upper, middle, and lower

composite, or all-level 

composite from each

storage tank.

Appearance, API

gravity, color, flash 

point, particulate 

content, filtration

time, FSII, water 

reaction (as 

applicable)

Government-owned stocks

in tanks that have been

tested previously at a B level

within 90 days need only 

Type C. Referee sample will 

be retained.

3 Pipelines Bulk Before start of loading

and after line pack 

operations

Line sample C for Dedicated

Line. B-1 for

Common Line

Test results shall be within

reproducibility of shipping 

tank

3a Pipelines Bulk Immediately after start

of shipment or loading

Line sample, downstream

of filter

C

3b Pipelines Bulk Hourly after starting

shipment or loading

Line sample, downstream

of filter

Visual, plus additive 

analysis for FSII & 

SDA, if line injected

3c Pipelines Bulk During Loading or

Shipment

Representative line

composite IAW API 

MPMS, Chapters 8.1, 8.2.

Retained composite Sample to be retained as

Referee. Testing to be 

conducted will be based on 

the situation.

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TABLE IX

Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements for Petroleum Products – Continued

SERIES LOCATION OF

STOCKS

TYPE

STORAGE

WHEN

SAMPLED

TYPE

SAMPLE 1

TESTING 

REQUIRED 2, 4, 15,16 REMARKS9

4 Vessel loading

4a Tankers and barges Bulk Before Start of

Loading/After Line

Pack Operations

Line Sample C for Dedicated

Line (plus particulates 

if sample fails 

appearance.

B for Common Line

Test results shall be within 

reproducibility of shipping

tank

4b

4c

Tankers and barges First In

Tankers and barges

Bulk

Bulk

After receipt of line 

displacement or 1 meter

in tank whichever is 

greater 14

After loading

Spot

All-level from each

compartment

C-plus Particulate if 

sample fails

appearance, and 

additive analysis for

FSII & SDA, if line 

injected

a. Appearance and

density 

b. C

c. Conductivity and

FSII, as appropriate

a. For Government owned

product only

b. Navy underway 

replenishment / fueling at sea

c. (Only) For procurement and 

government owned product 

where SDA and FSII additives 

are line injected, and ship’s 

composite fails SDA and FSII 

additives values. (Test each 

compartment). For 

intermediate discharges, 

sample remaining 

compartments and retain till 

discharge at destination.

Vessel may sail after “C”

Tests; Remainder of tests to be 

completed before arrival at next 

load or discharge port.

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TABLE IX

Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements for Petroleum Products – Continued

SERIES LOCATION OF

STOCKS

TYPE 

STORAGE

WHEN

SAMPLED

TYPE

SAMPLE 1

TESTING 

REQUIRED 2,4,15,16 REMARKS 9

4d Yard Oilers Bulk

After Loading

Each compartment Appearance, API, 

flash, BS&W

Normally yard oilers are in 

dedicated service and carry 

ships’

4e Afloat DFSPs Bulk After Loading Volumetric composite of

all levels

See Remarks Shore facility will perform 

Type C+ testing if product 

contains FSII for JP5; and 

BS&W for F76

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TABLE IX

Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements for Petroleum Products – Continued

SERIES LOCATION OF

STOCKS

TYPE 

STORAGE

WHEN

SAMPLED

TYPE

SAMPLE 1

TESTING 

REQUIRED 2,4,15,16 REMARKS 9

5 Vessel discharge

5a Tankers and barges

(multi-product cargo)

Tankers and barges

(Single-product cargo)

Bulk

Bulk

Prior to discharge

Prior to discharge

All level from each tank

Volumetric composite of 

each compartment with

product.

Composite sample of ship 

or barge tanks

Appearance

and density/API

B-1

Type C

If on-spec, discharge 

authorized.

These tests will be performed 

prior to or during discharge of

cargo. In the event the 

capability for testing does not 

exist at the discharge point, a 

composite sample from the 

vessel will be retained, type B-1 

tests performed on an all-level 

sample taken from the receiving 

tank. If receiving tank fails 

spec requirements, perform B-1 

tests on the tanker retain 

composite sample to determine 

the cause of the off- spec 

problem.

Discharge is authorized after 

conformance with Type C tests, 

and the provision of Section 

5.1.3.2. Retain composite 

sample until the receiving tank 

analysis is complete. If product 

fails, perform B-1 tests on 

retain composite to help 

determine the cause of the offspecification problem.

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TABLE IX

Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements for Petroleum Products – Continued

SERIES LOCATION OF

STOCKS

TYPE 

STORAGE

WHEN

SAMPLED

TYPE

SAMPLE 1

TESTING 

REQUIRED 2,4,15,16 REMARKS 9

5b Dock/discharge manifold 

header

Bulk During discharge a. Sample IAW API 

MPMS, Chapter 8,

commencing one half 

hour after start of

discharge and each hour

after until completion of 

the discharge. One-half 

quart to be taken each 

time. Sample to be 

composited after 

completion of discharge.

b. Also, USG at one hour, 

midpoint, and one hour 

prior to completion.

a. Visual

and Retained

Composite3

b. Particulate and

Retain 3

a. Retained for referee 

tests.

b. For barge receipts directly 

into Airbases, refer to 

agreement of minimum 

standards.

5c After receipt of fuel by

waterborne transport.

Bulk After receipt of fuel. Upper, middle, and lower

composite, or all-level 

Composite. (from each 

storage tank)

Type B-1 Also, Thermal Stability testing

after turbine fuel receipt by 

tanker.

5d Shipboard JP-5

Defuels for return to Defense 

Working Capital Fund 

inventory

Bulk Before Discharge All-level composite (from

each tank to be defueled).

Volumetric

Composite 

Sample B-1 plus 

thermal stability 

testing

If volumetric composite sample

fails thermal stability testing, 

investigative testing will be 

done on each compartment. If 

turn-in (defueling operation)-

Vessel to take samples prior to 

arrival at discharge port. Upon 

arrival samples provided to 

responsible person at discharge 

port (DFSP or FLC) and tested 

per 5.1.3.1.1

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TABLE IX

Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements for Petroleum Products – Continued

SERIES LOCATION OF

STOCKS

TYPE 

STORAGE

WHEN

SAMPLED

TYPE

SAMPLE 1

TESTING 

REQUIRED 2,4,15,16 REMARKS 9

5e Shipboard F-76

Defuels for return to Defense

Working Capital Fund 

inventory

Bulk Before Discharge Upper, middle, and 

lower

Composite or alllevel composite 

(from each storage 

tank).

Type B-1 If turn-in (defueling operations)-

Vessel to take samples prior to 

arrival at discharge port. Upon 

arrival samples provided to 

responsible person at discharge 

port (DFSP or FLC) and tested 

per 5.1.3.1

5f Afloat DFSPs Bulk Prior to Issue Volumetric composite 

of all levels

Bottom Sample

Type C

Appearance

For the 1st customer of day (and 

change of supply tank) there 

will a sample taken, checked for 

visual and then retained for 15 

days. If older than one month 

then type C testing on board 

vessel. If turn-in (defueling 

operation), vessel to take 

samples prior to arrival at 

discharge port. Upon arrival 

samples provided to responsible 

person at discharge port (DFSP 

or FLC) and tested per 5.1.3.1

5g Afloat DFSPs Bulk Prior to Defuel Volumetric composite of 

all levels from all storage 

tanks to be defueled

Type B-1 plus thermal 

stability test

TABLE IX

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Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements for Petroleum Products – Continued

SERIES LOCATION OF

STOCKS

TYPE 

STORAGE

WHEN

SAMPLED

TYPE

SAMPLE 1

TESTING 

REQUIRED 2,4,15,16 REMARKS 9

6 Pipeline/TC/TT receipts.

6a During pipeline

Receipt

Bulk During receipt at

custody transfer 

point

Representative Line

sample, IAW 

API MPMS, 

Chapter 8

(5 gallon minimum)

Retain sample for 45 days.

Retained sample to be used as 

referee sample if testing of 

receipt tank fails. If product is 

government owned and going 

into intermediate DFSP’s, 

obtain hourly sample 

throughout receipt for 

sufficient volume, comprising 

of two one gallon composite 

samples.

6b After receipt of fuel via 

multi product pipeline

Bulk After receipt of fuel Upper, middle, and 

lower composite, or alllevel

composite. (from 

each storage tank)

Type B-1

6c TC/TT receipt Bulk Prior to discharge (1) Representative 

sample from each 

compartment

(2) Composite from 

each compartment

(1)Visual12

(2) Type C11

6d TC/TT receipt Bulk During receipt at 

custody transfer 

point

Line sample, after 

line displacement

Type C 11 First TC/TT of the day will 

sampled from each supplier 

or new batch. Not for 

ground fuels. Where 

capability exists.

6e After receipt of fuel via a

dedicated mode.

Bulk After receipt of fuel. Upper, middle, and

Lower composite, or 

all- level composite. 

(from each storage 

tank)

Type C, except

on initial filling or 

change of grade 

then, B-1 is required.

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TABLE IX

Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements for Petroleum Products – Continued

SERIES LOCATION OF

STOCKS

TYPE 

STORAGE

WHEN

SAMPLED

TYPE

SAMPLE 1

TESTING 

REQUIRED

2,4,15,16

REMARKS 9

7 Transfers installation or depot

7a Receiving Tank: Through a

dedicated system.

Installations

and Depots

After receipt of fuel Upper, middle, and lower

composite, or alllevel composite.

Type C11 Samples will be retained for 45

days for referee purposes.

7b Through a common system. Installations 

and Depots

After receipt of 

fuel.

Upper, middle, and 

lower composite, or alllevel

composite.

Type B-1 Samples will be retained for 

45 days for referee purposes.

7c Receiving Tank/Initial fill or

Product Conversion

Installations

and Depots

Initial fill or product

conversion/

Upper, middle, and lower

composite, or alllevel composite

Type B-1

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TABLE IX

Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements for Petroleum Products – Continued

SERIES LOCATION OF

STOCKS

TYPE

STORAGE

WHEN

SAMPLED

TYPE

SAMPLE 1

TESTING

REQUIRED

2,4,15,16

REMARKS 9

8 Long term storage wherever 

located.

Bulk Periodically, as 

required by 

Table

VIII.

Upper, middle, and lower 

composite or all-level

composite (see remarks).

B-2 or A

(see remarks)

a. Separate samples; upper, 

middle, and lower shall be taken

and tested to establish 

homogeneity. If homogenous,

these samples shall be mixed for

required tests. If not, perform B-2 

tests on each level of product.

b. Additional tests may be 

performed at the discretion of the 

owning or custodial authority,

with regard to type of product, age

of stock, conditions of storage, 

etc..

8a Afloat DFSPs Bulk Every 6 months. 

Periodic loading does 

not reset the 6 month 

requirement.

Volumetric composite of

all levels

B2 Samples to be taken from each tank 

and a volumetric composite made.

If onboard more than 6 months 

then sampled by ship and 

transported to nearest military 

laboratory for testing in accordance 

with long term storage 

requirements in table VIII.

9 Filling Points for road and rail

tank car compartments, or 

other equipment.

Bulk Daily on first

compartment filled, 

and on changeover to 

fresh feed tank after 

completion of line 

displacement from the 

fresh feed tank.18

Line sample, downstream

of filter

Type C, if 

sample obtained 

from first 

compartment

filled fails Type 

C analysis.

Information on retaining of

samples see note 8.

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129

TABLE IX

Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements for Petroleum Products – Continued

SERIES LOCATION OF

STOCKS

TYPE

STORAGE

WHEN

SAMPLED TYPESAMPLE 1

TESTING

REQUIRED

2,4,15,16

REMARKS 9

10 Aircraft Defueling Aircraft Prior to Defueling Composite sample from 

each aircraft sump tanks

to be defueled

Appearance Once aircraft sumps have been 

drained IAW aircrafts TOs and or

service technical guidance

(whichever is more stringent), and 

sampling indicates that the

product is not contaminated and 

aircraft maintenance personnel

confirm fuel quality is not suspect,

defueling operation may start. 

Defueled product may be reissued to 

aircraft in accordance with service 

guidance as long as it meets a 2 

filtration requirement or it may be 

returned to bulk storage through a filter 

separator. If the product contains 

+100, additive, the product may be 

returned to an aircraft requiring +100 

JP-8 or may be returned to bulk storage 

through a filter separator at a ratio of 

1:10 (1 gallon of defueled product to 

10 gallons of product in bulk storage)." 

12, 13 

11 In rail tank cars, Inter-Modal

Containers(ISO-Containers), 

and road tank vehicles and 

refuelers used in over the road 

transportation

Bulk Daily on first 

conveyance of each 

mode type. Both after 

loading and

before discharge

All level sample from the

rail car or vehicle

Appearance on

each 

compartment 

Type C on 

composite

Road vehicles with multicompartments shall have sample 

obtained (proportional) from each 

compartment sufficient to permit a 

quart sample. If product contains 

additives (FSII and/or SDA),

which are line injected, then each 

mode of transportation before 

discharge shall be tested for FSII 

and Conductivity.

5,8,11 

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TABLE IX

Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements for Petroleum Products – Continued

SERIES LOCATION OF

STOCKS

TYPE

STORAGE

WHEN

SAMPLED

TYPE

SAMPLE 1

TESTING

REQUIRED

2,4,15,16

REMARKS 9

12

13

14

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tanks containing interface 

mixtures from pipeline for reinjection.

Packaged fuel stocks wherever 

stored

Refueler trucks, skid mounted

refuelers, or other dispensing 

equipment.

Bulk

Packaged

Bulk

Before reinjection

(a) Periodically 

as required by 

Table

VIII. (see 

remark) 

(b) When

contamination or

deterioration of 

product is 

suspected. 

(c) When identity is 

uncertain.

(a) Daily or prior to

use.

(b) 30 Days7

Upper, middle, and lower 

composite, or all-level 

composite.

Representative sample

IAW API MPMS, 

Chapter 8

(a) Sump Sample

(b) Line sample, 

downstream of filter. 

After re-circulation 

of fuel.

Type B-3

Type B-26

(a) Check for 

(visual) color and 

Appearance.

(b) Laboratory or 

field analyses for 

water &

sediment 10-See 

remarks (AquaGlo or 

AEL,Hydro-Light,

or equivalent)

Re-injection of interface product 

is to be under the technical control 

of the pipeline authority, or IAW 

with O.A.

Where an agreed inspection period 

has not been stipulated the product

is to be inspected at least annually.

(b) The sample fails if the color is 

5 or greater, or the visual particle 

assessment is marginal (M) or 

unacceptable (U) as assessed with 

the Millipore guide, or D or 

greater as assessed by the 

Gammon guide. Failures shall be 

retested using a matched weight 

monitor (ASTM D 2276, appendix 

X1)

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TABLE IX

Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements for Petroleum Products – Continued

SERIES LOCATION OF

STOCKS

TYPE

STORAGE

WHEN

SAMPLED

TYPE

SAMPLE 1

TESTING

REQUIRED

2,4,15,16, 17

REMARKS 9, 17

15 (a) Tactical Fuel System (Newly 

established)

(b) Tactical Fuel System (Operations)

(c) Tactical Fuel System (Operations)

Note: If the product is capitalized 

these instructions are to be followed. 

If the product is non-capitalized then 

individual service technical guidance 

is to be followed.

(a) Bulk 

(b) Bulk

(c) Tactical 

Operating 

Storage Used 

for Direct 

Aircraft 

Refueling

(a) Upon initial fill/start-up

(b) Daily prior to loading first 

container for shipment. 

(c) See Remarks

(a) Line sample, 

downstream of filter 

separator. 

(b) Line Sample 

downstream of filter 

separator

(c) Line Sample 

downstream of filter 

separator

Note: During initial fill 

the sample shall be taken 

following recirculation.

(a) B-1 

(b) See Remarks

(c) See Remarks

Diesel Fuels and 

Gasoline see note 

17 

(b) Visual check for color and appearance. 

For Turbine fuels, perform analysis for 

water (Aqua-Glo, Hydro-Light, or 

AEL) and sediment / particulates by 

field or laboratory analyses. (ASTM 

D2276, Appendix X1)10 Every 14 days, 

test for FSII and Conductivity. 

(c) Visual check for color and appearance. 

For Turbine fuels, perform laboratory 

analysis for water (Aqua-Glo, HydroLight, or AEL) and sediment / 

particulates by field or laboratory 

analyses. (ASTM D2276, Appendix 

X1).

10 Conduct a Filter Effectiveness 

Test every 30 Days. 

Test every 7 days for FSII and 

Conductivity.

16 New collapsible fabric tanks

and or drums attached to a fixed 

facility.

Note: If the product is Capitalized 

these instructions are to be followed. 

If the product is non-Capitalized 

then individual service technical 

guidance is to be followed.

Bulk Initial fill--before

issue.

Note: after recirculation 

of fuel

After the filterseparator

.

B-1

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TABLE IX

Minimum Sampling and Testing Requirements for Petroleum Products – Continued

NOTES:

1. Use the API MPMS for sampling methods (see 4.7).

2. See Tables XX through XXV for the types of test required on the various products. The legend for the types of 

testing required is as follows:

a. Type “A” Test - Complete specification, MSEP, testing is not performed if the fuel contains conductivity 

additive (DO NOT PERFORM DOWNSTREAM OF SDA INJECTION.)

b. Type “B-1” Test - Partial analysis comprising the checking of principal characteristics most likely to have been 

affected in the course of moving the product.

c. Type “B-2” Test - Partial analysis to check characteristics susceptible to deterioration because of age.

d. Type “B-3” Test - Partial analysis for contamination; in particular, for controlling the return (or reintroduction) 

of pipeline interface products.

e. Type “C” Test – Quick, simple, partial analysis for verification of product quality, to ensure that no change has 

taken place.

3. If tested for particulate content, the 3 fuel samples should not exceed 2 mg/L; however, the first and last samples 

are obtained under severe discharge conditions they may show high particulate content. Solid contamination while 

extremely objectionable is a physical contaminant which can be removed under proper conditions with proper 

equipment, and since the product at this point is Government owned, discharge operations will not be discontinued 

for this reason. However, the contracting officer, DLA Energy, and the Quality Assurance Representative at the 

loading point will be advised of any high particulate results obtained. This information will be used for future 

planning purposes and for determining possible cleaning actions necessary on the vessel involved. Particulate 

testing is not required from DFSP to DFSP but is required from supplier to DFSP. This note is not applicable to 

internal Navy transfers.

4. Flash Point at the receiving point is not required for product that is to be use by the U.S. Army. This fuel is tested 

in accordance with Army quality surveillance program AR 710-2.

5. If unable to take an all-level sample from the compartment prior to discharge, then take an in-line sample at or near 

the off-loading header during the discharge, immediately upon product displacement of the receipt manifold/hose.

6. No receiving tests are necessary on packaged products, provided the containers are intact and markings adequately 

identify the product.

7. Filter-separator performance is to be checked every 30 days. At the Service Control Point option, filter / separator 

performance may be checked using the color comparison method in lieu of the matched weight monitor.

8. For retaining of samples see Contractor Inspection Responsibilities (Storage) within contract provisions.

9. Testing maybe complete specification testing or an individual test based on the request of the Government 

Representative.

10. When field tests exceed limits, samples shall be forwarded to the respective Service area laboratories for further 

testing. When laboratory tests of material from dispensing equipment show evidence of free water or a sediment 

level exceeding 0.5 mg/L for aviation fuels (1.0 mg/L for U.S. Army, 2.0 mg/L for U.S. Navy), or 10.0 mg/L for 

diesel fuel, that equipment shall be placed in Quality Hold (dead lined) pending successful remedial action as 

directed by the Service Control Point.

11. For aviation delivery, FSII and SDA will be tested where capability exists.

12. If unable to take an all-level sample from the truck compartment prior to discharge, then an in-line sample taken 

after line displacement during discharge may be used

13. If the product is suspected of contamination, product will be isolated by transferring to a holding tank or refueler 

vehicle. The product will be placed, on quality hold. A sample will be sent to the area laboratory for B-3 testing. If 

the product is found not suitable for use the disposition request guidance in 5.13.2 and 5.13.3 will be followed.

14. Defueled product containing dye shall be isolated and returned to the same aircraft or follow guidance in 5.13.2 

requesting disposition instructions.

15. DLA Quality Policy for first ins is one (1) meter or after line displacement whichever is the greater.

16. For determining correct testing results (rounding protocol) see 4.2.2.2.1 Testing Rounding Protocol

17. For Gasoline, Free Water and Sediment testing is not required unless contamination is suspected. For Diesel 

fuel, when excessive visible sediment is observed, retest using field or laboratory analysis (ASTM D2276, Appendix X1)

18. Not required for dedicated jet fuel trucks loading fungible products

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

133

TABLE X

Tests Required Aviation Gasoline 3

PROPERTIES B-1 TEST B-2 TEST B-3 TEST C TEST

Appearance 1,2 X X X X

Color (Visual) X X X X

Density or API gravity X X X X

Distillation X X X

Copper strip corrosion X X X

Existent gum X X

Vapor pressure X X

Free water determination2 X X X

Lead content X X

Potential gum X

NOTES:

1. Obtain sample in a clear round one quart glass bottle, swirl the bottle vigorously so a vortex is formed. 

Visually check for sediment at the point of the vortex. If sediment is visible, an investigation is necessary in 

order to determine the source of the contaminant (a spot larger than 3 mm diameter indicates corrective action 

may be required to prevent the delivery of contaminated fuel).

2. AVGAS samples will be checked for solids and water. Solids will be determined visually upstream of filterseparators and/or by the particle assessment method downstream of the filter separator. Free water will be 

determined downstream of filter separator using a water detector (AEL Aqua-Glo test method or HyrdoLight)..

3. For determining correct testing results (rounding protocol) see 4.2.2.2.1 Testing Rounding Protocol

TABLE XI

Tests Required Lubrication Oils 1, 2

PROPERTIES B-1 TEST C TEST

Appearance (to include visual sediment & water) X X

Emulsion test X3

Gravity X X

Viscosity X4

Flash point X

Foam test X

Water3 X X5

Solid contaminants X5

NOTES:

1. For application of these tests see Table IX.

2. B-2 tests are listed in Tables XX.

3. Only if the specification has this requirement.

4. For MIL-PRF-17331 and MIL-PRF-9000 viscosity is not required unless the tank has been in long term 

storage for 3 months and water testing is only required if the oil fails appearance because of water 

contamination

(cloudiness).

5. Is only required if the oil fails appearance because of water contamination (cloudiness).

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TABLE XII

Tests Required for Aviation Turbine Fuels7

PROPERTIES B-1

TEST

B-2

TEST

B-3

TEST

C TEST

Appearance 1 X X X X

Color (visual) X X X X

Density or API gravity X X X X

Particulate matter X X X

Distillation X X X

Copper strip corrosion X X X

Freezing point X X X

Existent gum X X X

Vapor pressure (JP-4 only) X X X

Flash point (except JP-4) X X X X

Water reaction2 X X X

Lead content (If contaminated with leaded fuels suspected) X X X

Fuel system icing inhibitor3 X X X

Filtration time X X X

MSEP (JP-4 , JP-8, F-24, F-27 and Jet A) 4,5 X X X

Conductivity (JP-4 and JP-8, F-24, and F-27) 6 X X X

Thermal stability (B-1 requirement applies only to JPTS

and marine/multi-product mode receipt tank sample)10 X X

Color (Saybolt) X

Acid number X

Peroxide Number 8 X

Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME)9 X X X

NOTES:

1. Obtain sample in a clear round one quart glass bottle, swirl the bottle vigorously so a vortex is formed. 

Visually check for sediment at the point of the vortex. If sediment is visible, an investigation is necessary in 

order to determine the source of the contaminant (a spot larger than 3 mm diameter indicates corrective action 

may be required to prevent the delivery of contaminated fuel).

2. Only performed on JP-4 and JP-8.

3. If product contains FSII, product should be check on delivery into a bulk storage tank and every month 

thereafter if stock remains in long term storage, and no deliveries have been made into the tank.

4. If the capability does not exist to perform this test at the terminal, a sample will be sent to the nearest Service 

laboratory that does have the capability. In the event operational necessity dictates issue of product before 

results are obtained from the Service laboratory, shipments may be made, however, when laboratory results 

indicate failure, notify DLA Energy QA.

5. MSEP, testing is not performed if the fuel contains conductivity additive.

6. If fuel contains conductivity additive, CU readings should be taken within two minutes of sampling.

7. For determining correct testing results (rounding protocol) see 4.2.2.2.1 Testing Rounding Protocol

8. Only applicable to Jet-A use by the Navy.

9. Only for product transported through multi product systems.

10. For JPTS: use either TDR or Ellipsometer (ETR). For JP-4: use Visual Tube Rater (VTR). For all other fuels: use ETR, 

Interferometer (ITR). Or VTR. ETR is the referee method.

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TABLE XIII

Support for Secured Fuels 4

Characteristic Limits JP-5 Jet A Jet A-1 JP-8 F-24

Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.

Appearance 2

Gravity, API @ 60 oF

D1298/D4052 36.0 48.0 37.0 51.0 37.0 51.0 37.0 51.0 37.0 51.0

Density at 15 °C (kg/m3) 788 845 775 840 775 840 775 840 775 840

Weight: lb/USG Calculated 6.6 7.0 6.5 7.0 6.5 7.0 6.5 7.0 6.5 7.0

Distillation (°C) D863

10% Recovered 205 205 205 205 205

20% Recovered Report Report

50% Recovered Report Report Report Report Report

90% Recovered Report Report Report Report Report

Final Boiling Point 300 300 300 300 300

Freezing point, °C

D5972/D2386 -46 -40 -47 -47 -40

Flash point, °C D93/D56 60 38 38 38 38

Particulate Matter (mg/L) D2276, 

D5452, Appendix C of MIL- DTL83133

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Conductivity (pS/m) D2624 Report Report 50 700 50 700

Copper strip corrosion D130 No.1 No.1 No.1 No.1 No.1

Water reaction D1094 1b

Existent gum (mg/100 mL) D381 7 7 7 7 7

FSII, (vol %) D5006 1

0.07 0.20 0.04 0.15 0.04 0.15

Thermal Stability D3241

Change in pressure drop, mm Hg 25 25 25 25 25

One of the tube deposit rating

methods is to be run: 6

(1) Ellipsometer (ETR) or 

Interferometer (ITR) (nm)

85 85 85 85 85

(2) Heater tube deposit, visual < 3 < 3 < 3 < 3 < 3

Rating (VTR)

Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME)5 50 50 50 50 50

Mg/kg D7797/IP 583, IP 585 

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NOTES:

1. Only FSII which meets specification MIL-DTL-85470, Inhibitor, Icing, Fuel System, High Flash, NATO 

Code Number S-1745 is to be used.

2. Fuel shall be clear, bright, and free of water and sediment on visual examination. Sample will be taken 

downstream of final filtration of refueler or hydrant servicing equipment.

3. Distillation property criteria are specified in ASTM D86 scale units. ASTM D2887 results shall be 

converted to estimated D86 results by application of the correlation in Appendix X4, “Correlation for Jet 

and Diesel Fuel (Procedures A and B)” of D2887 for comparison with the specified property criteria. 

Distillation residue and loss limits provide control of the distillation process during the D86 test method and 

do not apply to D2887.

4. Alternate test methods may be performed provided they are authorized by the specification of the product 

being tested. Referee test methods are preferred. 

5. Only for product transported through multi-product systems. FAME (fatty acid methyl esters) is defined as 

material meeting the limits of EN14214 or ASTM D6751.FAME that fails to meet the biodiesel quality 

standards are not permitted in aviation turbine fuel. 6. Tube deposit rating shall be measured by ASTM D3241 

ETR Ellipsometer (ETR), when available: otherwise, Interferometer (ITR), when available; otherwise, visual (VTR). 

ETR shall be the referee procedure, otherwise ITR.

TABLE XIV

Tests Required Automotive Gasoline

PROPERTIES B-1 TEST B-2 TEST B-3 TEST C TEST

Appearance X X X X

Color X X X X

Water and Solids (Visual Check) X X X X

Density or API gravity X X X X

Distillation X X X

Vapor pressure X X

Copper strip corrosion X X

Unwashed gum/Solvent-washed gum X X 1

Knock rating (RON and MON) X 2 X 2

Oxidation stability X

Water tolerance 3 X X X

NOTES:

1. Unwashed gum, without solvent wash, shall not increase by more than 2 mg as compared to the original 

product. In the event of gum increase exceeding 2 mg, a Type A test, as defined in the legend, will be run.

2. Perform only if Lead Content is performed and fails and/or contamination with another product is suspected. 

In the case of pipeline, this test shall be performed when considered necessary.

3. Gasohol only.

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TABLE XIVa

Tests Required E85 (ASTM D5798) 1, 2

PROPERTIES B-1 TEST B-2 TEST B-3 TEST C TEST

Appearance X X X X

Water X X X

Ethanol Volume X X X

Vapor Pressure X X X

Higher Alcohols X

Sulfur X X

Acidity X

Solvent Washed Gum X X

pH X

Unwashed Gum X

Copper X X

NOTES:

1. For cleaning see 5.9.3.2

2. In accordance with DOE Guidebook for Handling, Storing and Dispensing E85, it is recommended at a 

minimum to test the following every one to two months: electrical conductivity, particulate content, 

hydrocarbon content (D5501 with D5798), water content and RVP. The DOE Guidebook link is 

http://www.afdc.energy.gov/pdfs/48162.pdf

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TABLE XV

Tests Required Diesel Fuels and Kerosene

PROPERTIES B-1 TEST B-2 TEST B-3 TEST C TEST

Appearance 1 X X X X

Color X X X X

Density and API gravity X X X X

Distillation X X

Flash point X X X X

Carbon residue 2

(F-76 only) X X

Cloud point X

Pour point X

Copper strip corrosion X

Cetane index 3 X

Viscosity X

Water & sediment by centrifuge X

Particulate

(F-76 only) X X

Storage stability (F-76 only) X

Sulfur 4,5,6 X X

 Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) (F-76 only) X X

NOTES:

1. For NATO F-76, if the sample has no visible particulates, but is otherwise not clear and bright per ASTM 

D4176, procedure 1, then the product must meet the requirements of ASTM D2709, 0.05 percent volume of 

water and sediment, maximum. The fuel is acceptable for appearance if the water and sediment content is 0.05 

percent volume or less. If the sample fails ASTM D4176, procedure 1, because it contains visible sediment or 

particulate matter, but meets the requirement of 10 mg /L, maximum, in accordance with ASTM D5452 or 

ASTM D6217, then the fuel shall be considered acceptable provided all other requirements are met.

2. Only required if change in color and/or density occurs after procurement.

3. Cetane Index can only be run if no ignition improvers are present. Otherwise, Cetane number shall be given.

4. Kerosene. Grade No.-1K only, if intended for non-flue connected burner.

5. Test to be performed if equipment is available.

6. Sulfur testing is required for ULSD or LSD believed contaminated with a higher sulfur content fuel.

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TABLE XVa

Test Required on B20

PROPERTIES B-1 TEST B-2 TEST B-3 TEST C TEST

Appearance 1 X X X X

Distillation X X

Flash Point X X X X

Cloud Point or LTFT/CFPP X

Viscosity X

Copper Strip Corrosion X

Water and Sediment X

Sulfur X

Ramsbottom Carbon Residue X X

Particulate Content X X

Acid Number X

Ash Content X

Biodiesel Content X X X

Oxidation Stability X

NOTE:

1. Obtain a sample in a clear round one quart bottle, swirl the bottle vigorously so a vortex is formed. Visually 

check for sediment at the point of the vortex. If sediment is visible, an investigation is necessary in order to 

determine the source of contamination.

TABLE XVI

Tests Required Burner Fuel Oils

PROPERTIES B-1 TEST B-2 TEST B-3 TEST C TEST

Flash point X X X X

BS&W 1 (centrifuge) X X X X

Density/API Gravity X X X X

Viscosity X X

Ash X

Carbon Residue X

Sediment by extraction X

Pour point X

NOTE:

1. Perform only if water is observed.

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TABLE XVII

Tests Required on Residual Marine Fuel (RME 180 Grade)

PROPERTIES B-1 TEST B-2 TEST B-3 TEST C TEST

Kinematic Viscosity X X X X

Density at 15o C X X X X

Flash Point X X X X

CCAI X

Hydrogen Sulfide X

Acid Number X

Total sediment aged X X

Carbon Residue X

Sulfur X

Pour Point X

Water X X

Ash X

Sodium X

TABLE XVIII

Tests Required on Residual Marine Fuel (RME 380 Grade)

PROPERTIES B-1 TEST B-2 TEST B-3 TEST C TEST

Kinematic Viscosity X X X X

Density at 15o C X X X X

Flash Point X X X X

CCAI X

Sulfur X

Hydrogen Sulfide X

Acid Number X

Total sediment aged X X

Sulfur X

Pour Point X

Water` X X

Ash X

Sodium X

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TABLE XIX

Test Required on Marine Gas Oil (DMA Grade)

PROPERTIES B-1 TEST B-2 TEST B-3 TEST C TEST

Kinematic Viscosity X

Density at 15 o C X X X

Flash Point X X X X

Cetane Index X

Sulfur X

Oxidation Stability X X

Acid Number X

Carbon Residue X X

Pour Point X

Appearance X X X X

 Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) X X

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TABLE XX

Type B-2 Tests for Lubricating Oils3

CHARACTERISTICS

SPECIFICATION

A-A-59113 A-A-59137 ANSI/AGMA

9005 DoD-L-81846 DoD-PRF-24574 DoD-PRF-85734

Appearance / workmanship X

Color X

Viscosity @ 100 °C X 1 X X 1 X X 1

Viscosity @ 54 °C

Viscosity @ 40 °C X X X 1 X X 1

Viscosity @ -40 °C X

Viscosity @ -54 °C X

Relative density

Flash point X X X X X

Pour point X X X X X

Neutralization number (acid/base) X

Copper strip corrosion X X

Corrosion & oxidation stability X X

Evaporation loss X X

Precipitation number

Ash

Emulsion

Foam test X X

Water content

Particulate content / trace sediment X X

Trace metals X

Carbon residue

Hydrolytic stability X

Minimum retest frequency (months) 36 24 24 24 36 36

Visual check frequency (months) 12

Military symbol(s) None None None None None None

NATO Code Numbers None None None None None None

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TABLE XX

Type B-2 Tests for Lubricating Oils3 – Continued

CHARACTERISTICS

SPECIFICATION

MIL-DTL-46014 MIL-PRF-2104 MIL-PRF-3150 MIL-PRF-6081 MIL-PRF-6085 MIL-PRF-6086

Appearance / workmanship X X X X

Color X X

Viscosity @ 100 °C X 1 X

Viscosity @ 54 °C X

Viscosity @ 40 °C X 1 X X 1 X 1

Viscosity @ -40 °C X

Viscosity @ -54 °C X X

Relative density

Flash point X X X X X

Pour point X X X X

Neutralization number (acid/base) X X X

Copper strip corrosion X X X

Corrosion & oxidation stability X X X

Evaporation loss X

Precipitation number X

Ash

Emulsion

Foam test X X

Water content

Particulate content / trace sediment X X

Trace metals

Carbon residue

Hydrolytic stability

Minimum retest frequency (months) 36 36 24 36 24 36

Visual check frequency (months) 12 12 12 12 12

Military symbol(s)

None

OE/HDO-10, 

OE/HDO-30,

OE/HDO-40, 

OE/HDO-15/40

OE/HDO-5/40

PL-M None OAI OGL, OGR

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TABLE XX

Type B-2 Tests for Lubricating Oils3 – Continued

CHARACTERISTICS

SPECIFICATION

MIL-DTL-46014 MIL-PRF-2104 MIL-PRF-3150 MIL-PRF-6081 MIL-PRF-6085 MIL-PRF-6086

NATO Code Numbers

None O-237, O-238,

N/A, O-1236, N/A O-192 O-133 O-147 O-153, O-155

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TABLE XX

Type B-2 Tests for Lubricating Oils3 – Continued

CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATION

MIL-PRF-7808 MIL-PRF-7870 MIL-PRF-9000 MIL-PRF-14107 MIL-PRF-173312 MIL-PRF-21260

Appearance / workmanship X X X

Color X

Viscosity @ 100 °C X X X X

Viscosity @ 54 °C

Viscosity @ 40 °C X X 1 X X

Viscosity @ -40 °C X

Viscosity @ -54 °C X 1 X

Relative density

Flash point X X X X X X

Pour point X X X X X

Neutralization number (acid/base) X X X X

Copper strip corrosion X

Corrosion & oxidation stability X X X2

Evaporation loss X X

Precipitation number X X

Ash X

Emulsion X

Foam test X X X2 X

Water content X

Particulate content / trace sediment X

Trace metals X

Carbon residue

Hydrolytic stability

Minimum retest frequency (months) 36 36 24 24 24 24

Visual check frequency (months) 12 12 12

Military symbol(s) None None 9250 LAW 2190-TEP PE-10, PE-30,

PE-40, PE-15/40

NATO Code Numbers O-148, O-163 O-142 O-278 O-157 O-250 C-640, C-642,

N/A, N/A

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TABLE XX

Type B-2 Tests for Lubricating Oils3 – Continued

SPECIFICATION CHARACTERISTICS

MIL-PRF-23699 MIL-PRF-26087 MIL-PRF-32033 MIL-PRF-46167 MIL-PRF-53074 SAE J 1899

Appearance / workmanship X X

Color X X

Viscosity @ 100 °C X X 1 X X X

Viscosity @ 54 °C

Viscosity @ 40 °C X X 1 X

Viscosity @ -40 °C X X X

Viscosity @ -54 °C X

Relative density X

Flash point X X X X X X

Pour point X X X X X X

Neutralization number (acid/base) X X X X

Copper strip corrosion X X X X

Corrosion & oxidation stability X

Evaporation loss X X

Precipitation number X X

Ash X X

Emulsion

Foam test X X X X

Water content

Particulate content / trace sediment X X

Trace metals X X

Carbon residue X

Hydrolytic stability

Minimum retest frequency (months) 36 36 24 24 36 36

Visual check frequency (months) 12 12 12

Military symbol(s) None None PL-S OEA-30 5190, 5230 Type II

Type III

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TABLE XX

Type B-2 Tests for Lubricating Oils3 – Continued

SPECIFICATION CHARACTERISTICS

MIL-PRF-23699 MIL-PRF-26087 MIL-PRF-32033 MIL-PRF-46167 MIL-PRF-53074 SAE J 1899

NATO Code Numbers O-152, O-154,

O-156 None O-190 O-183 None None

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TABLE XX

Type B-2 Tests for Lubricating Oils3 – Continued

SPECIFICATION CHARACTERISTICS

SAE J 1966 SAE J 2360 VV-L-8254

Appearance / workmanship X

Color

Viscosity @ 100 °C X X X

Viscosity @ 54 °C

Viscosity @ 40 °C X

Viscosity @ -40 °C

Viscosity @ -54 °C

Relative density X

Flash point X X X

Pour point X X

Neutralization number (acid/base) X X

Copper strip corrosion X X X

Corrosion & oxidation stability

Evaporation loss

Precipitation number

Ash X X

Emulsion

Foam test X

Water content

Particulate content / trace sediment X

Trace metals

Carbon residue X

Hydrolytic stability

Minimum retest frequency (months) 36 24 36

Visual check frequency (months) 12 12

Military symbol(s) 1065, 1080, 1100,

1120

GO-75/90, GO80/90, GO-85/140RCO-2, RCO-3, 

RCO-4

NATO Code Numbers None O-186, O-226, O- O-283, O-290

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TABLE XX

Type B-2 Tests for Lubricating Oils3 – Continued

NOTES:

1. If capability exists.

2. Option A may be used for Government owned 2190 TEP if the conditions are met as required by ASTM D892.

3. For a commodity not listed in Tables I-XXXII, see guidance on packaged product shelf life extension at https://headquarters.dla.mil/j3/shelflife/default.aspx (CAC Enabled) or https://www.shelflife.hq.dla.mil/ (non-CAC access). Program POCs for the Military Services and Agency 

Administrators are listed on the home page.

4. Also FLOC Point and Dielectric Strength.

 Only an approved laboratory under the DoD Shelf Life Program can authorize the customer to extend the shelf life of any item. For laboratories 

that cannot perform the full B-2 series tests, recommend the following statement be included in the remarks section: "All required tests for shelf life 

extension were not performed. This lab report does not give authorization to extend the shelf life extension of this item."

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TABLE XXI

Type B-2 Tests for Greases, Semi-Fluids, Lubricants, and Other Grease-Like Materials6

SPECIFICATION CHARACTERISTICS A-A-59173 DoD-G-24508 DoD-G-24650 MIL-G-21164 MIL-G-25013

Appearance / workmanship X X X X

Odor X X X

Penetration (un-worked) X

Penetration (worked) X X X X X

Worked stability X X X

Dropping point / melting X X X X X

Oil separation X X X

Evaporation loss / bleed X X X X

Copper strip corrosion X X X

Oxidation stability (100 hours) X

Rust preventive properties X X X

Water resistance X X X

Fuel resistance

Free-acidity / free alkali

Molybdenum disulfide content X

Boiling water immersion

Water stability / emulsification

Water content

Dirt (particles) X X X

Load carrying capacity X5 X5

Minimum retest frequency (months) 24 24 24 24

Visual check frequency (months)

Military symbol(s) None None None GMD None

NATO Code numbers None None None G-353 G-372

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TABLE XXI

Type B-2 Tests for Greases, Semi-Fluids, Lubricants, and Other Grease-Like Materials6 – Continued

CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATION

MIL- G-25537 MIL- G-81827 MIL-G-81937 MIL-L-15719 MIL-L-19701

Appearance / workmanship X X X X X

Odor X X

Penetration (un-worked) X X X

Penetration (worked) X X X X

Worked stability X X X X

Dropping point / melting X X X X

Oil separation X X X

Evaporation loss / bleed X X X X X

Copper strip corrosion X X X X

Oxidation stability (100 hours) X

Rust preventive properties X X X X

Water resistance X X X X

Fuel resistance

Free-acidity / free alkali

Molybdenum disulfide content X

Boiling water immersion X

Water stability / emulsification

Water content

Dirt (particles) X X X

Load carrying capacity X5

Minimum retest frequency (months) 24 24 24 24 24

Visual check frequency (months)

Military symbol(s) None None None HTG None

NATO Code Numbers G-366 None None None

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TABLE XXI

Type B-2 Tests for Greases, Semi-Fluids, Lubricants, and Other Grease-Like Materials6 – Continued

CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATION

MIL-L-46000 MIL-L-46150 MIL-PRF-10924 MIL-PRF-18458 1 MIL-DTL-23549 MIL-PRF-23827

Appearance / workmanship X X X X X

Odor X X

Penetration (un-worked) X

Penetration (worked) X X X X X

Worked stability X X

Dropping point / melting X X X

Oil separation X X X X

Evaporation loss / bleed X X X X X

Copper strip corrosion X X X X X

Oxidation stability (100 hours) X 4

Rust preventive properties X X X

Water resistance X

Fuel resistance

Free-acidity / free alkali

Molybdenum disulfide content X

Boiling water immersion X

Water stability / emulsification

Water content

Dirt (particles) X

Load carrying capacity X5 X5 X5 X5 X5 X5

Minimum retest frequency (months) 24 24 24 24 24 24

Visual check frequency (months) 12

Military symbol(s) LSA None GAA None None None

NATO Code Numbers O-158 None G-403 None None G-354

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TABLE XXI

Type B-2 Tests for Greases, Semi-Fluids, Lubricants, and Other Grease-Like Materials6 – Continued

CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATION

MIL-PRF-24139 MIL-PRF-27617 MIL-PRF-81322 MIL-PRF-83261 MIL-PRF-83363 MIL-PRF-85336

Appearance / workmanship X X X X X

Odor X X

Penetration (un-worked) X X

Penetration (worked) X X X X X

Worked stability X X X X

Dropping point / melting X X

Oil separation X X X X

Evaporation loss / bleed X X X X X X

Copper strip corrosion X X X X

Oxidation stability (100 hours) X X X

Rust preventive properties X X

Water resistance X X X X

Fuel resistance X

Free-acidity / free alkali

Molybdenum disulfide content

Boiling water immersion

Water stability / emulsification X

Water content

Dirt (particles) X X

Load carrying capacity X5 X5 X5 X5

Minimum retest frequency (months) 24 24 24 24 24 24

Visual check frequency (months)

Military symbol(s) None None None None None None

NATO Code Numbers None G-397, G-398, G399, G-1350 G-395 None G-396 None

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

154

TABLE XXI

Type B-2 Tests for Greases, Semi-Fluids, Lubricants, and Other Grease-Like Materials6 – Continued

CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATION

MIL-PRF-32014

Appearance / workmanship X

Odor X

Penetration (un-worked)

Penetration (worked) X

Worked stability X

Dropping point / melting X

Oil separation X

Evaporation loss / bleed

Copper strip corrosion X

Oxidation stability (100 hours)

Rust preventive properties X

Water resistance

Fuel resistance

Free-acidity / free alkali

Molybdenum disulfide content

Boiling water immersion

Water stability / emulsification

Water content

Dirt (particles) X

Load carrying capacity

Extreme Pressure, Four-Ball Method X

Wear Preventive, Four-Ball Method (75°C) X

Minimum retest frequency (months) 24

Visual check frequency (months)

Military symbol(s) None

NATO Code numbers None

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

155

TABLE XXI

Type B-2 Tests for Greases, Semi-Fluids, Lubricants, and Other Grease-Like Materials6 – Continued

CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATION

SAE AMS-G-4343 SAE AMS-G-6032 VV-G-632 VV-G-671 2 VV-P-236 3

Appearance / workmanship X X X X

Odor X

Penetration (un-worked) X X

Penetration (worked) X X X

Worked stability

Dropping point / melting X X X X X

Oil separation X

Evaporation loss / bleed X X

Copper strip corrosion X X X X X

Oxidation stability (100 hours)

Rust preventive properties X

Water resistance

Fuel resistance

Free-acidity / free alkali X X

Molybdenum disulfide content

Boiling water immersion

Water stability / emulsification

Water content X

Dirt (particles) X

Load carrying capacity X5

Minimum retest frequency (months) 24 24 24 24 24

Visual check frequency (months) 65 12

Military symbol(s) None None None None None

NATO Code Numbers G-392 G-363 None G-412 S-743

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

156

TABLE XXI

Type B-2 Tests for Greases, Semi-Fluids, Lubricants, and Other Grease-Like Materials6 – Continued

NOTES:

1. Also volatile matter.

2. Also ash content.

3. Also neutralization number, viscosity & flash point.

4. Per time cited in specification.

5. If capability exists.

6. Examine each 6 months for hardening.

7. For a commodity not listed in Tables I-XXXII, see guidance on packaged product shelf life extension at https://headquarters.dla.mil/j3/shelflife/default.aspx (CAC Enabled) or https://www.shelflife.hq.dla.mil/ (non-CAC access). Program POCs for the Military Services and 

Agency Administrators are listed on the home page.

Only an approved laboratory under the DoD Shelf Life Program can authorize the customer to extend the shelf life of any item

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

157

TABLE XXII

Type B-2 Tests for Hydraulic, Brake, Shock Absorber Fluids 5

CHARACTERISTICS

SPECIFICATION

A-A-59290 A-A-59354 MIL-DTL-17111 MIL-H-19457 1 MIL-H-22072 MIL-H-81019

Appearance / workmanship X X X

Color X X X

Composition

Viscosity @ 100 °C X X

Viscosity @ 54 °C X

Viscosity @ 40 °C X 2 X X X X 2 X

Viscosity @ 25°C

Viscosity @ -40 °C X 2

Viscosity @ -54 °C X

Low temperature stability

Relative density X X X

Flash point X X

Pour point X X X

Neutralization Number (acid/base) X X X X

Copper strip corrosion X

Corrosion & oxidation stability X

pH X X

Evaporation loss X X X

Water content X X X X

Foam test X X X X

Particulate content / trace sediment X

Ash X

Precipitation number X X

Rust prevention X

Emulsion X

Lubricity (steel-on-steel) X 4 X 4

Gel time

Minimum retest frequency (months) 24 24 24 24 24 24

Visual check frequency (months)

Military symbol(s) None None None None None None

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

158

TABLE XXII

Type B-2 Tests for Hydraulic, Brake, Shock Absorber Fluids 5

CHARACTERISTICS

SPECIFICATION

A-A-59290 A-A-59354 MIL-DTL-17111 MIL-H-19457 1 MIL-H-22072 MIL-H-81019

NATO Code None None H-575 H-580 H-579 None

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

159

TABLE XXII

Type B-2 Tests for Hydraulic, Brake, Shock Absorber Fluids 5 

CHARACTERISTICS

SPECIFICATION

MIL-PRF-5606 MIL-PRF-6083 MIL-PRF-46170 MIL-PRF-17672 MIL-PRF-46176 MIL-PRF-83282

Appearance / workmanship X X X X

Color X X X

Composition

Viscosity @ 100 °C X X X X

Viscosity @ 54 °C

Viscosity @ 40 °C X X X X X

Viscosity @ 25°C

Viscosity @ -40 °C X X X X

Viscosity @ -54 °C X X X 2

Low temperature stability

Relative density

Flash point X X X X X X

Pour point X X X X X

Neutralization Number (acid/base) X X X X X

Copper strip corrosion X X X X

Corrosion & oxidation stability

pH

Evaporation loss X X

Water content X X X X X

Foam test X X X X X

Particulate content / trace sediment X X X X X

Ash X

Precipitation number

Rust prevention

Emulsion X

Lubricity (steel-on-steel) X 4 X 4 X 4

Gel time

Minimum retest frequency (months) 24 24 24 24 24 24

Visual check frequency (months) 12 12

Military symbol(s) OHA OHT FRH 2075-T-H, 2110-TH, 2135-T-H BFS None

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

160

TABLE XXII

 Type B-2 Tests for Hydraulic, Brake, Shock Absorber Fluids 5 

CHARACTERISTICS

SPECIFICATION

MIL-PRF-5606 MIL-PRF-6083 MIL-PRF-46170 MIL-PRF-17672 MIL-PRF-46176 MIL-PRF-83282

NATO Code Numbers H-515 C-635 H-544 H-573 H-547 H-537

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

161

TABLE XXII

Type B-2 Tests for Hydraulic, Brake, Shock Absorber Fluids 5

SPECIFICATION

CHARACTERISTICS

MIL-PRF-87257 SAE J 1703 VV-D-1078

Appearance / workmanship X X

Color X

Composition

Viscosity @ 100 °C X X

Viscosity @ 54 °C

Viscosity @ 40 °C X

Viscosity @ 25°C X

Viscosity @ -40 °C X X

Viscosity @ -54 °C X

Low temperature stability X

Relative density X

Flash point X X

Pour point X X

Neutralization Number (acid/base) X X

Copper strip corrosion X

Corrosion & oxidation stability

pH X

Evaporation loss

Water content

Foam test X

Particulate content / trace sediment X

Ash

Precipitation number

Rust prevention

Emulsion

Lubricity (steel-on-steel)

Gel time

Minimum retest frequency (months) 24 24 24

Visual check frequency (months) 12 12

Military symbol(s) None None None

NATO Code Numbers H-538 S-1714, S-1716, S-1718,S-1720, 

S-1724, S-1726, S-1728, S-1732

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

162

TABLE XXII

Type B-2 Tests for Hydraulic, Brake, Shock Absorber Fluids 5

NOTES:

1. Also, hydrolytic stability

2. Per temperature in specification.

3. Fire point test characteristic also required.

4. If capability exists.

5. For a commodity not listed in Tables I-XXXII, see guidance on packaged product shelf life extension at

https://headquarters.dla.mil/j-3/shelflife/default.aspx (CAC Enabled) or https://www.shelflife.hq.dla.mil/ nonCAC access). Program

POCs for the Military Services and Agency Administrators are listed on the home page.

Only an approved laboratory under the DoD Shelf Life Program can authorize the customer to extend the 

shelf life of any item. 

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

163

TABLE XXIII

Type B-2 Tests for Lubricants, (Including Solid Film) 6

CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATION

A-A-59004 MIL-DTL-25681 MIL-L-23398 MIL-L-24131 MIL-L-24478 MIL-L-87177 1

Appearance / workmanship X X X

Color

Odor X

Viscosity @ 100 °C X

Viscosity @ 40 °C X

Viscosity @ 0 °C

Viscosity @ -40 °C

Boiling point

Flash point X X

Pour point

Density / relative density

Composition X

Oil content X

Particle size X

Solids content X X

Ash X

Adhesion

Thermal stability

Endurance life

Load carrying capacity X 3

Minimum retest frequency (months) 12 24 Note 4 12 12 24

Visual check frequency (months) 6 12

Military symbol(s) None None None None None None

NATO Code Numbers None S-1735 S-749 None None None

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

164

TABLE XXIII

Type B-2 Tests for Lubricants, (Including Solid Film) 6 Continued

CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATION

MIL-PRF-3572 MIL-PRF-46010 MIL-PRF-46147 MIL-PRF-63460 MIL-PRF-81329 SAE AS 87132

Appearance / workmanship X X X

Color

Odor

Viscosity @ 100 °C X 2

Viscosity @ 40 °C X

Viscosity @ 0 °C X 2

Viscosity @ -40 °C X

Boiling point

Flash point X X

Pour point X X

Density / relative density

Composition X

Oil content

Particle size X

Solids content X

Ash X

Adhesion X

Thermal stability X

Endurance life X

Load carrying capacity X 3

Minimum retest frequency (months) 24 Note 4 Note 4 36 Note 4 36

Visual check frequency (months) 6

Military symbol(s) None None None CLP None None

NATO Code Numbers None S-1738 None S-758 S-1737 None

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

165

TABLE XXIII

Type B-2 Tests for Lubricants, (Including Solid Film) 6

NOTES:

1. Also, dielectric strength.

2. Per temperature in specification.

3. If capability exists.

4. Discard 12 months from date of manufacture.

5. Discard 6 months from date of manufacture.

6. For a commodity not listed in Tables I-XXXII, see guidance on packaged product shelf life extension at https://headquarters.dla.mil/j3/shelflife/default.aspx (CAC Enabled) or https://www.shelflife.hq.dla.mil/ (non-CAC access). Program POCs for the Military Services and

Agency Administrators are listed on the home page.

Only an approved laboratory under the DoD Shelf Life Program can authorize the customer to extend the shelf life of any item. 

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

166

TABLE XXIV

Type B-2 Tests for Waxes1

CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATION

A-A-59255 C-T-91 MIL-W-12062 MIL-W-13945 MIL-W-20553

Appearance / workmanship X X

Odor X X

Color X

Melting point / solidification point X X X X

Softening point X

Penetration X X X

Viscosity @ 100 °C X X

Oil content X X

Flash point X X

Relative density X

Ash X X

Water content X

Neutralization Number (acid/base) X X

Saponification number X X

Volatile matter

Minimum retest frequency

(Months) 36 48 36 36 36

Visual check frequency (months)

Military symbol(s) None None None None None

NATO Code Numbers None None None None None

NOTE:

1. For a commodity not listed in Tables I-XXXII, see guidance on packaged product shelf life extension at 

https://headquarters.dla.mil/j-3/shelflife/default.aspx (CAC Enabled) or https://www.shelflife.hq.dla.mil/ (nonCAC access). Program POCs for the Military Services and Agency Administrators are listed on the home 

page. Only an approved laboratory under the DoD Shelf Life Program can authorize the customer to extend 

the shelf life of any item. 

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

167

TABLE XXV

Type B-2 Tests for Misc. Products (Specialty, Cutting, Anti-Seizing, etc.)6

CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATION

A-A-59197 A-A-50493 A-A-52624 A-A-58092 ASTM D3487

Appearance / workmanship X

Viscosity @ 100 °C

Viscosity @ 54 °C

Viscosity @ 40 °C X 2 X X

Viscosity @ 20 °C

Viscosity @ -40 °C

Viscosity @ -54 °C

Relative density X

Distillation

Flash point X X X

Fire point

Pour point X X

Freezing point X

Penetration (un-worked)

Penetration (worked)

Melting point

Protection

Corrosion X

Neutralization Number (acid/base) X X

Acidity

Lead corrosion

pH X

Stability

Evaporation / bleed

Residue on evaporation

Ash X

Precipitation number

Foaming

Emulsification properties

Contamination / sediment

Water content X X

Dielectric strength X

Film appearance

Drying Rate

Particle size (fineness)

Surface and interface tension X

Non-volatile matter

Color X

Minimum retest frequency

(months) 36 36 36 24

Visual check frequency (months) 12 4

Military symbol(s) None None None None None

NATO Code Numbers None None S-750 S-1736 None

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

168

TABLE XXV

Type B-2 Tests for Misc. Products (Specialty, Cutting, Anti-Seizing, etc.)6

CHARACTERISTICS

SPECIFICATION

MIL-DTL - 4339 MIL-C-6529 MIL-C-11796 MIL-DTL-5020 A-A-59132

Appearance / workmanship X X X X

Viscosity @ 100 °C

Viscosity @ 54 °C

Viscosity @ 40 °C X 2

Viscosity @ 20 °C

Viscosity @ -40 °C

Viscosity @ -54 °C

Relative density X

Distillation X X

Flash point X

Fire point

Pour point

Freezing point

Penetration (un-worked) X

Penetration (worked)

Melting point X

Protection X

Corrosion X X X

Neutralization Number (acid/base)

Acidity X

Lead corrosion

pH X

Stability X X

Evaporation / bleed

Residue on evaporation

Ash

Precipitation number X

Foaming

Emulsification properties X

Contamination / sediment

Water content X

Dielectric strength

Film appearance

Drying Rate

Particle size (fineness)

Surface and interface tension

Minimum retest frequency

months) 48 36 36 48 None

Visual check frequency (months) 12

Military symbol(s) None None None FDC None

NATO Code Numbers C-630 C-608, C-609, 

C-610 C-633 S-712 None

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

169

TABLE XXV

Type B-2 Tests for Misc. Products (Specialty, Cutting, Anti-Seizing, etc.)6

CHARACTERISTICS

SPECIFICATION

MIL-PRF-8188 MIL-PRF-12070 MIL-PRF-6173 MIL-PRF-46002 MIL-PRF-87252

Appearance / workmanship X X X X X

Viscosity @ 100 °C X X X X

Viscosity @ 54 °C

Viscosity @ 40 °C X X

Viscosity @ 20 °C

Viscosity @ -40 °C X

Viscosity @ -54 °C X

Relative density

Distillation

Flash point X X X X

Fire point X

Pour point X

Freezing point

Penetration (un-worked)

Penetration (worked)

Melting point

Protection X2

Corrosion X X X

Neutralization Number

(acid/base) X

Acidity

Lead corrosion X

pH

Stability X

Evaporation / bleed X

Residue on evaporation

Ash X

Precipitation number X

Foaming X

Emulsification properties

Contamination / sediment X

Water content X

Dielectric strength X

Film appearance X

Drying Rate X

Particle size (fineness)

Surface and interface tension

Minimum retest frequency

(months) 36 36 36 24 24

Visual check frequency

(months)

Military symbol(s) None SGF-2 None None None

NATO Code Numbers C-638 None C-620, C-632 None S-1748

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

170

TABLE XXV

Type B-2 Tests for Misc. Products (Specialty, Cutting, Anti-Seizing, etc.)6

CHARACTERISTICS

SPECIFICATION

MIL-T-17128 SAE AMS 1424 SAE AMS 1428 SAE AMS 2518 SAE AMS- M-7866

Appearance / workmanship X X X X X

Viscosity @ 100 °C X

Viscosity @ 54 °C

Viscosity @ 40 °C X

Viscosity @ 20 °C X

Viscosity @ -40 °C

Viscosity @ -54 °C

Relative density X X X

Distillation

Flash point

Fire point

Pour point X

Freezing point X X

Penetration (un-worked) X

Penetration (worked)

Melting point

Protection

Corrosion X

Neutralization Number

(acid/base) X

Acidity

Lead corrosion

pH X X

Stability

Evaporation / bleed X

Residue on evaporation

Ash

Precipitation number

Foaming

Emulsification properties

Contamination / sediment

Water content

Dielectric strength

Film appearance

Drying Rate

Particle size (fineness) X

Surface and interface tension

Minimum retest frequency

(months) 36 Note 5 Note 5 36 36

Visual check frequency

(months) 12

Military symbol(s) None None None None None

NATO Code Numbers None S-1717 S-1719,

S-1723 S-720 S-740

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

171

TABLE XXV

Type B-2 Tests for Misc. Products (Specialty, Cutting, Anti-Seizing, etc.)6

CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFICATION

SAE AS 8660 O-M-232 SS-G-659 TT-I-735 VV-C-846

Appearance / workmanship X X X X X

Viscosity @ 100 °C

Viscosity @ 54 °C

Viscosity @ 40 °C

Viscosity @ 20 °C

Viscosity @ -40 °C

Viscosity @ -54 °C

Relative density X X

Distillation

Flash point X

Fire point

Pour point X

Freezing point

Penetration (un-worked)

Penetration (worked) X

Melting point

Protection

Corrosion X

Neutralization Number (acid/base)

Acidity X X

Lead corrosion

pH X

Stability

Evaporation / bleed X

Residue on evaporation X

Ash

Precipitation number

Foaming

Emulsification properties X

Contamination / sediment

Water content X

Dielectric strength X 3

Film appearance

Drying Rate

Particle size (fineness) X

Surface and interface tension

Minimum retest frequency (months) 36 24 48 48 36

Visual check frequency (months) 12 12 12 12 12

Military Symbol(s) None None None None OS

NATO Code Numbers S-736 S-747 S-732 S-737 O-214

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

172

TABLE XXV

Type B-2 Tests for Misc. Products (Specialty, Cutting, Anti-Seizing, etc.)6

NOTES:

1. Also, color.

2. Per temperature in specification.

3. If capability exists.

4. Check container for damage.

5. Bulk products should be tested annually prior to the winter season. Packaged products, such as 55-gal drums, have an initial 24-

month shelf life from the date of manufacture and should be updated every 12 months.

6. For a commodity not listed in Tables I-XXXII, see guidance on packaged product shelf life extension at https://headquarters.dla.mil/j3/shelflife/default.aspx (CAC Enabled) or https://www.shelflife.hq.dla.mil/ (non- CAC access). Program POCs for the Military 

Services and Agency Administrators are listed on the home page.

Only an approved laboratory under the DoD Shelf Life Program can authorize the customer to extend the shelf life of any item

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

173

TABLE XXVI

Conversion Chart for Truck Tank (TT) Cars, Truck Tank wagons (TW), Tank & Trailer (TRR), and Intermodal Containers (IMC)) 1, 2

LAST PRODUCT 

CARRIED

Gasolines: 

GASOHOL,

MOGAS,

E85, AVGAS, 

JP-4, Jet B

Jet Fuels: Jet 

A/A-1,

JP-8, F-24, 

JP-5, TS-1, KS1/R/N,

Jet Fuel 3: 

JPTS

RP1 /RP24 JP-10/PF-14 Diesel Fuels: F-76 FSII 4 Lubricating 

Oils

Gasolines:

GASOHOL, MOGAS, E85, 

AVGAS, JP-4, Jet B

Drain/Empty Steam/ Dry5 Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam 

/Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry

Jet Fuels:

Jet A/A-1, JP-8, F-24, JP-5, 

TS-1, KS-1/R/N,

Drain/Empty Drain/Empty Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/

Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry

Jet Fuel: JPTS Drain/Empty Drain/Empty Drain/Empty Drain/Empty Steam/ Dry Steam/Dry Steam 

Dry Steam Dry Steam Dry

RP1/RP2 Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Drain/Empty Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/

Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry

JP-10/PF-1 Steam Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam Dry Drain/Empty Steam/ Dry Steam 

/Dry Steam /Dry Steam/ Dry

Petroleum Solvent

Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry

Hot Water

Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/

Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry or Paint Thinner Rinse & Dry

Diesel Fuel: F-76

Steam/ Dry Steam/Dry9 Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Drain/Empty Steam/

Dry Steam /Dry Steam/ Dry

FSII Drain/Empty Drain/Empty Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Drain/Empty Drain/Empty Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry

LAST PRODUCT CARRIED

PRODUCT TO BE LOADED

Gasolines: 

GASOHOL,

MOGAS,

E85, AVGAS, 

JP-4, Jet B

Jet Fuels: Jet 

A/A-1,

JP-8, F-24, 

JP-5, TS-1, KS1/R/N,

Jet Fuel 3: 

JPTS

RP1 /RP24 JP-10/PF-14 Diesel Fuels: F-76 FSII 4 Lubricating 

Oils

ULS: DS-1, 

F-76 ULS

Gasolines:

GASOHOL, MOGAS, E85, 

AVGAS, JP-4, Jet B

Drain/Empty Steam/ Dry5 Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam 

/Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry

Jet Fuels:

Jet A/A-1, JP-8, F-24, JP-5, 

TS-1, KS-1/R/N,

Drain/Empty Drain/Empty Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/

Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry

Jet Fuel: JPTS Drain/Empty Drain/Empty Drain/Empty Drain/Empty Steam/ Dry Steam/Dry Steam 

Dry Steam Dry Steam Dry

RP1/RP2 Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Drain/Empty Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/

Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry

JP-10/PF-1 Steam Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam Dry Drain/Empty Steam/ Dry Steam 

/Dry Steam /Dry Steam/ Dry

Petroleum Solvent

Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry

Hot Water

Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/

Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry or Paint Thinner Rinse & Dry

Diesel Fuel: F-76

Steam/ Dry Steam/Dry9 Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Drain/Empty Steam/

Dry Steam /Dry Steam/ Dry

FSII Drain/Empty Drain/Empty Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry Drain/Empty Drain/Empty Steam/ Dry Steam/ Dry

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

174

TABLE XXVI

Conversion Chart for Truck Tank (TT) Cars, Truck Tank wagons (TW), Tank & Trailer (TRR), and Intermodal Containers (IMC)) 1, 2

PRODUCT TO BE LOADED

LAST PRODUCT 

CARRIED

Lubricating Oils NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD Steam/Dry Stream/Dry Stream/Dry NO LOAD 

Drain/Empty

8 Steam/Dry

Biodiesel Blends(<B15) 

DF1,DF2,DS1,DS2,

ASTM D975 Steam/Dry Steam/Dry NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD Steam/Dry Drain/Empty Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry

Biodiesel Blends(>B15) 

DF1,DF2,DS1,DS2,

ASTM D975 NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD Steam/Dry Drain/Empty NO LOAD NO LOAD Steam/Dry

Heavy Fuel Oils, Distillate 

Fuels, 

ASTM D975, 

(No.4D),D396,(FS4,FS5, 

FS6),

Residual Fuel Oils, 

ISO 8217,class F (IFOs) NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD Steam/Dry Steam/Dry NO LOAD NO LOAD Steam/Dry

Naphtha Drain/Empty Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry

Petroleum Solvent/Paint 

Thinner Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry Steam/Dry

FSII

Lubricating 

Oils

ULS: 

DS-1, 

JP-10/PF-1 F-76 ULS 4 F-76

Biodiesel Blends 

(< B15) 

DF1,DF2,DS1,

DS2,

RP1/RP2 ASTM D975 4

Jet Fuel3:

JPTS

Jet Fuels: 

Jet A/A-1

JP-8, F-24, JP-5, 

TS-1-KS-1/R/N

JP-4,Jet B:

Gasolines

GASOHOL,

MOGAS, 

E85,AVGAS,

Biodiesel Blends

(> B15) 

DF1,DF2,DS1,

DS2,

ASTMD975

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TABLE XXVI

Conversion Chart for Truck Tank (TT) Cars, Truck Tank wagons (TW), Tank & Trailer (TRR), and Intermodal Containers (IMC)) 1, 2

NOTES:

1. General Instructions for Tank Cars and Trucks :

a. Conveyances (all) shall be dry and free from loose rust, scale, and dirt

b. Saran lined equipment should not be steam cleaned; water wash should suffice.

c. Petroleum products shall not be loaded into the conveyances whose previous cargo was caustic, acid, or chlorinated solvents.

d. Trucks in liquid fertilizer service shall not load aviation turbine fuels directly, but shall carry out at least two loads of commercial gasoline prior to the

aviation turbine fuel load.

e. Conversion of Government-owned tank cars from liquid fertilizer service to aviation turbine fuel service shall only be done when no other

alternative exists. Tank cars being converted from liquid fertilizer service to a petroleum product shall be adequately cleaned to remove all traces of

liquid fertilizer. At a minimum the equipment must be steam cleaned; dried and will be free from loose rust, scale, and dirt. After cleaning, equipment

with unlined compartments should have its compartments lined with an approved coating at this time. Conveyances carrying their initial load of aviation

turbine fuel following conversion shall not be released from the loading until they have been sampled a minimum of 24 hours after loading point. The

sample shall undergo Type B-2 tests plus Thermal Stability Test (if required by the product specification). After Type B-2 tests indicate compliance

with specification requirements, the conveyance can be released pending results of the Thermal Stability tests. The conveyance shall not be unloaded

until the loading point notifies the destination that the Thermal Stability test (when required) has passed. When the above condition applies, the DD250 or equivalent form shall be so noted.

2. Each Military Service shall provide specific guidance for conversion of refueling equipment which exclusively handles Service petroleum products, e.g.:

Air Force guidance is contained in

T.O. 42B- 1-1, Table 3-1.

3. To be loaded only in aluminum or stainless steel conveyance, or other conveyance lined with an approved epoxy coating. If equipment is coated, clean

with hot fresh water not exceeding 58

°C (136 °F) and dry thoroughly.

4. For previous cargoes not listed, contact DLA Energy DQA for acceptability/cleaning procedures.

5. For an additional policy on steam cleaning for JP-8 see 5.3.1.2.

6. If previous cargo contained dye marker, all traces of color must be removed.

7. If product to be loaded does not contain dye, then the vehicle shall not contain any traces of dye prior to loading.

8. Applicable only when loading same specification products; otherwise, steam and dry.

9. Prior to Loading the aviation fuels listed, the conveyance must have carried a previous non-FAME cargo and then be steam cleaned and dried. Trucks 

that have previously carried biodiesel create a risk of cross-contamination of Jet Fuel with residual biodiesel components. Diesel Fuel may contain up 

to 5% FAME without reporting it as Biodiesel. Because of the difficulties in making a determination at the load rack of the presence of FAME in the 

previous load, the more stringent “Steam/Dry is required.

10. Drain and Empty if loading Biodiesel Blends

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TABLE XXVII

Minimum Requirements for the Preparation of Tanker Cargo Tanks. 1, 2

LAST PRODUCT CARRIED Jet Fuels: 

JP-4,Jet B, 

Gasolines:

Mogas, Avgas5

Jet Fuels: 

Jet A, Jet A-1, 

F-24, JP-8

Jet Fuel: 

JP-5

Jet Fuel: 

JPTS F-76

Biodiesel 

Blends

(< B15)6 

DF1,DF2,

DS1,DS2,

ASTM D975

Biodiesel 

Blends 

(>B15)6 

DF1,DF2,

DS1,DS2,

ASTM D975

Heavy Fuel Oils, 

Distillate Fuels, 

ASTM D975, 

(No.4D),D396,

(FS4,FS5, FS6),

Residual Fuel Oils, ISO 

8217,class F (IFOs) Crude4 Lube oils Naphtha

ULS: 

DS-1,

F-76 ULS

Jet Fuels: 

JP-4, Jet B, Gasolines, Mogas, 

Avgas5 A A,B A,B Note 3 A,B A A A A A,B A,B A,B

Jet Fuels: 

Jet A, Jet A-1, F-24, JP-8 A A A,B Note 3 A,B A A A A A,B A,B A,B

Jet Fuel: JP-5 A A A Note 3 A,B A A A A A,B A,B A,B

Jet Fuel: JPTS A A A,B Note 3 A A A A A A,B A,B A

F-76 A,C A,C A,C NO LOAD A A A A,C A A,B A,B A

Biodiesel Blends

(< B15)6

 DF1,DF2,

DS1,DS2,ASTM D975 A,C A,C A,C NO LOAD A,C A,C A A,C A,C A,C A,C A,C

Biodiesel Blends 

(>B15)6

 DF1,DF2,

DS1,DS2,ASTM D975 E E D NO LOAD A,C A,C A A,C A,C E E A,C

Heavy Fuel Oils, Distillate 

Fuels, ASTM D975, 

(No.4D),D396,(FS4,FS5,FS6)

Residual Fuel Oils, 

ISO 8217,class F (IFOs) NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD D,A A,D A,D A A A,C NO LOAD A,D

Crude4 NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD D,A A,D A,D A A NO LOAD NO LOAD A,D

Lube Oils NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD D,A A,D A,D A A A NO LOAD A,D

Naphtha A,B A,B A,B A,B A,B A,B A,B A,B A A,B A A,B

ULS: DS-1, F-76 ULS A,B A,B A,B NOTE 3 A A A A,C A A,B A,B A

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TABLE XXVII

Minimum Requirements for the Preparation of Tanker Cargo Tanks. 1, 2 - Continued

NOTES:

1. Legend for vessel cleaning requirements broken out into different Types are as follows:

 

Type

Cleaning Requirement

A All cargo lines will be dropped, tanks stripped, ballast residue removed.

B All cargo and vent lines will be drained of previous product and flushed with cold water. Cargo tanks will be thoroughly 

machine washed using cold water. Cargo tanks must be free of water, loose rust, sludge, mud, silt, etc.

C The same as for “B,” except that hot water will be used instead of cold. If tank interiors are coated, water temperature should 

not exceed 58 °C (136 °F).

D Cargo tanks and systems will be processed in accordance with the instructions contained in MIL-HDBK-291, Cargo Tank 

Cleaning.

E Not to be loaded without special cleaning instructions. Three clean product/zero biological content intermediate cargoes 

required. (See Note 6 below)

2. This table is included as a guide only. Requirements for tanker cleaning are determined by MSC vessel cleaning policy (See 5.1.1.4). Contact DLA-QA for tank cleaning 

requirements for any product not listed in Table XXVII. Special tank preparations and cargo handling is required for JPTS, to prevent contamination. Tanks used for loading 

must be coated with an approved epoxy. Coating must be adherent: no flaking, peeling, or blistering. It is mandatory that JPTS be loaded in tanks in which the last product 

carried was JP-5, JP-4, kerosene-based aviation fuels (JP-8, Jet A, etc.), non-aromatic solvent, unleaded gasoline, or arctic diesel. Prior to loading JPTS, tank cleaning 

requirements are: tanks must be machine washed with hot water, if cleaning chemical and/or salt water is used, the final wash must be with fresh water. Tank bottoms, interior 

bulk heads, and internals must be completely free of sediment, scale, and other contaminants. Tanks must be dry and all liquids completely removed from the tank’s lines after 

cleaning, must be flushed with fresh water, drained and free all water. Loading and unloading system must be completely isolated. This will be accomplished by completely 

separate piping systems or by use of blinds. Valves will not be depended on to effect isolation. Cargo tank valves will not be considered as part of the “double block” 

requirement for cargo system segregation. No common lines will be used. Steam smothering lines should have at least two valves that can be sealed from the main line to the 

tanks, or a blind installed that can be readily removed. Each tank will have its own individual vent. If ship has a common vent system, tanks used for JPTS must be isolated 

from balance of the vent system.

3. Special tank preparations and cargo handling is required for JPTS, to prevent contamination. Tanks used for loading must be coated with an approved epoxy. Coating must 

be adherent: no flaking, peeling, or blistering. It is mandatory that JPTS be loaded in tanks in which the last product carried was JP-5, JP-4, kerosene-based aviation fuels (JP-8, 

Jet A, etc.), non-aromatic solvent, unleaded gasoline, or arctic diesel. Prior to loading JPTS, tank cleaning requirements are: tanks must be machine washed with hot water, if 

cleaning chemical and/or salt water is used, the final wash must be with fresh water. Tank bottoms, interior bulk heads, and internals must be completely free of sediment, scale, 

and other contaminants. Tanks must be dry and all liquids completely removed from the tank’s lines after cleaning, must be flushed with fresh water, drained and free all water. 

Loading and unloading system must be completely isolated. This will be accomplished by completely separate piping systems or by use of blinds. Valves will not be depended 

on to effect isolation. Cargo tank valves will not be considered as part of the “double block” requirement for cargo system segregation. No common lines will be used. Steam 

smothering lines should have at least two valves that can be sealed from the main line to the tanks, or a blind installed that can be readily removed. Each tank will have its own 

individual vent. If ship has a common vent system, tanks used for JPTS must be isolated from balance of the vent system.

4. There are no circumstances where a crude carrier is capable of cleaning tanks, pumps and lines sufficiently to load an aviation fuel immediately after a crude cargo. Crude 

carriers converted to a distillate diesel, aviation fuel or naphtha based fuel must carrier five cargoes of a commercial like product without a quality incident.

5. Gas free, lift scale and mop. Motor Gasoline unleaded and ultra-low sulfur motor gasoline (unleaded) are to be cleaned washing with cold sea water and drain well.

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TABLE XXVII

Minimum Requirements for the Preparation of Tanker Cargo Tanks. 1, 2 - Continued

NOTES Continued -

6. Contamination of aviation kerosene with FAME current specifications permits only 5 ppm by mass FAME in aviation kerosene. Intermediate cargoes and strict washing 

regime is therefore recommended when the following these cargoes with aviation kerosene. Special note- Specifications for sensitive grades will require extreme care during 

sampling, to avoid contamination from previous cargoes or buildup of residues. To reduce the possibility of drawing unrepresentative samples, the cleaning of sampling 

equipment, vapor locks, stand pipes and stilling wells is recommended as part of tank cleaning when tanks have previously held cargoes containing FAME.

Aviation Gasoline-

- To avoid contamination from FAME it is recommended to have three intermediate cargoes with NO FAME between (B100) or any cargo with FAME content greater 

than 15 vol

% (B15) and an aviation gasoline cargo.

- Cargoes with a FAME content of 5 vol % or less (B5 or below) a hot water wash, including flushing of the pumps and lines followed by draining is recommended as a 

minimum for aviation gasoline cargoes.

- Cargoes with FAME content of 15 vol % (B15) or less, but above B5, a hot water wash, including flushing of pumps and lines, followed by draining is 

recommended as a minimum. Tanks must be in good condition and washing needs to particularly stringent. A single intermediate cargo with no FAME content is 

suggested as an alternative, followed by a hot water wash, including flushing of pumps and lines, and by draining for aviation gasoline cargos.

Aviation Kerosene-

- Due to strict limitations on biological contamination (FAME content maximum 5 ppm by volume) three intermediate cargoes with no FAME between 

FAME (B100) or any cargo with FAME content greater than 15 vol % (B15) and a subsequent aviation kerosene cargo.

- When following cargoes with a FAME content of 5 vol % or less (B5 or below) a hot water wash, including flushing of the pumps and lines followed by 

draining is recommended as a minimum for aviation kerosene cargoes.

- Cargoes with FAME content of 15 vol % (B15) or less, but above B5, a hot water wash, including flushing of pumps and lines, followed by draining is 

recommended as a minimum. Tanks must be in good condition and washing needs to particularly stringent. A single intermediate cargo with no FAME content 

is suggested as an alternative, followed by a hot water wash, including flushing of pumps and lines, and by draining for aviation gasoline cargos. This is per EI 

(Energy Institute) HM50.

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TABLE XXVIII

Minimum Requirements for the Preparation of Barge Cargo Tanks 

LAST PRODUCT 

CARRIED

PRODUCT TO BE LOADED

Leaded gasoline,

aviation

Gasoline, 

automotive

Turbine fuel, aviation, 

kerosene type F-34, F24, F-35, F-44

Diesel fuel

oil - distillate

Diesel fuel

oil - residual

Lube oil

Leaded Gasoline, 

Aviation A A B B B B

Gasoline,

Automotive A A B B B B

Turbine fuel,

aviation, kerosene 

TYPE, F-34, F-35, 

F-44, F-24

A A A A

A E

Diesel fuel oil -

distillate C C A,C A A E

Diesel fuel oil -

residual NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD D A E

FAME (Fatty Acid 

Methyl Esters or 

Diesel Blended 15 

vol % FAME or 

Less (B15 or less)

C C A,C,F C,F

C,F C,F

FAME (Fatty Acid

Methyl Esters or 

Diesel blended 15 vol 

% FAME (B15 or 

higher)

C C A,C,F F

F F

Lube oils

NO LOAD NO LOAD NO LOAD D

A E

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TABLE XXVIII

Minimum Requirements for the Preparation of Barge Cargo Tanks

LEGEND:

TYPE CLEANING REQUIREMENT

A Drop lines and strip tanks.

B All cargo and vent lines will be drained of previous product and flushed with cold water. Cargo tanks will be thoroughly machine washed using cold water. Tanks will be gas freed.

C The same as for Type B., except that hot water will be used instead of cold water.

D The same as for Type C above. In addition tanks and lines will be flushed with product to be loaded and examined to confirm meeting product specification. Process will be repeated as 

necessary until passing results are obtained.

E Cargo tanks and systems must be cleaned in such a manner as will remove all rust, scale, sediment, and all traces of previous cargo and water.

F Contamination of aviation kerosene with FAME: current specifications permit on up to 5 ppm by volume FAME in aviation kerosene. Intermediate cargoes and strict washing regime 

is therefore recommended when the following these cargoes with aviation kerosene. Special note- Specifications for sensitive grades will require extreme care during sampling, to 

avoid contamination from previous cargoes or buildup of residues. To reduce the possibility of drawing unrepresentative samples, the cleaning of sampling equipment, vapor locks, 

stand pipes and stilling wells is recommended as part of tank cleaning when tanks have previously held cargoes containing FAME. 

Aviation Gasoline-

-To avoid contamination from FAME it is recommended to have three intermediate cargoes with NO FAME between aviation gasoline and any cargo with B100 or any cargo with 

FAME content greater than 15 vol % B15.

- Cargoes with a FAME content of 5 volume % or less (B5 or below) a hot water wash, including flushing of the pumps and lines followed by draining is recommended as a minimum 

for aviation gasoline cargoes.

- Cargoes with FAME content of 15 vol % (B15) or less, but above B5, a hot water wash, including flushing of pumps and lines, followed by draining is recommended as a minimum. 

Tanks must be in good condition and washing needs to particularly stringent. A single intermediate cargo with no FAME content is suggested as an alternative, followed by a hot water 

wash, including flushing of pumps and lines, and by draining for aviation gasoline cargos.

Aviation Kerosene-

- Due to strict limitations on biological contamination (FAME content maximum 5 ppm by volume) three intermediate cargoes with no FAME

between FAME (B100) or any cargo with FAME content greater than 15 vol % (B15) and a subsequent aviation kerosene cargo.

When following cargoes with a FAME content of 5 vol % or less (B5 or below) a hot water wash, including flushing of the pumps and lines followed by draining is recommended as a 

minimum for aviation kerosene cargoes.

- Cargoes with FAME content of 15 vol % (B15) or less, but above B5, a hot water wash, including flushing of pumps and lines, followed by draining

is recommended as a minimum. Tanks must be in good condition and washing needs to particularly stringent. A single intermediate cargo with no FAME content is suggested as an 

alternative, followed by a hot water wash, including flushing of pumps and lines, and by draining for aviation gasoline cargos. This is per EI (Energy Institute) HM50.

NOTE:

1 In all cases, cargo tanks must be free of water, loose rust, sludge, mud, silt, ballast residue, etc.

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TABLE XXIX

Segregation of Product Movements Via Multiproduct Pipelines, Head Product. 1

GOVERNMENT 

PRODUCT 

BEING MOVED

HEAD/TAIL PRODUCT

GASOLINE DIESEL 2 DYED DIESEL JP-5 JP-8

GASOLINE MID-POINT CUT HEART-CUT MID-POINT CUT MID-POINT CUT

DIESEL HEART-CUT HEART-CUT MID-POINT CUT MID-POINT CUT

DYED DIESEL N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

JP-5 HEART-CUT MID-POINT CUT HEART-CUT MID-POINT CUT MID-POINT CUT

JP-8 MID-POINT CUT HEART-CUT MID-POINT CUT MID-POINT CUT

NOTES:

1 The following pertains to segregated product as it is moved in the bulk commercial pipeline system. As a rule, Government-owned products are moved via 

commercial

multi-product pipelines from refineries to DFSPs or from DFSP to DFSP. Contract or tariff agreements with the commercial pipeline company outline the 

type of interface cut (heart-cut or mid-point cut) that will be used on Government product. When Government product is delivered to a customer by pipeline, 

it is usually through a dedicated system from the DFSP. In those situations where product is delivered directly off of a commercial multi-product pipeline to a 

using customer, heart-cuts should be used.

2 Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) may require a little more ULSD be cut into military aviation fuels in order to protect the sulfur content of the ULSD. 

The procedures will be agreed ahead of time with the carrier/contractor and be agreeable to all. Information on the total sulfur content of the typical military 

aviation fuel will be used as the basis for the formation of the cutting procedures agreed.

NoteHeart Cut - portions of pure product taken from the line before and after the interface at intermediate terminals. Mid-point Cut - divided between the two 

adjacent products, usually at the mid gravity point.

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TABLE XXX

Contamination Tables

TYPE CONTAMINANTS APPEARANCE CHARACTERISTICS EFFECTS ON

AIRCRAFT

A. WATER

(1) Dissolved Water Not Visible. Freshwater only. Precipitates out as cloud when fuel is

cooled.

None unless precipitated out by

cooling of fuel. Can then cause 

ice to form on low-pressure fuel 

filters.

(2) Free Water Light cloud. Heavy cloud. 

Droplets adhering to sides of

bottle. Gross amounts settled in 

bottom.

Free water may be saltwater or fresh water. Cloudy usually 

indicates water-in-fuel emulsion.

Icing of fuel systems, usually 

low-pressure fuel filters; erratic

fuel gage readings; gross 

amounts of water can cause

flameouts; saltwater will cause

corrosion of fuel system 

components.

B. SEDIMENT

(1) Rust Red or black powder, rouge or 

grains. May appear as dye-like

material in fuel.

Red rust (Fe2O3) nonmagnetic. Black rust (Fe3O4) magnetic. 

Rust generally comprises the major constituent of total 

sediment.

Will cause sticking, sluggish or 

general malfunction of fuel

controls, flow dividers, pumps, 

nozzles, etc.

(2) Sand or dust Crystalline, granular or 

glasslike.

Usually present and occasionally constitutes major 

constituent of total sediment.

Will cause sticking, sluggish or 

general malfunction of fuel

controls, flow dividers, pumps, 

nozzles, etc.

(3) Aluminum or magnesium White or gray powder or paste. Sometimes very sticky or gelatinous when wet with water. 

Normally present and can constitute the major constituent of

total sediment.

Will cause sticking, sluggish or 

general malfunction of fuel

controls, flow dividers, pumps, 

nozzles, etc.

(4) Fibers A fiber is defined as a particle having a length to diameter

ratio of 20 to 1 or more and having a length of 100 microns 

or more.

Will cause sticking, sluggish or

general malfunction of fuel

controls, flow dividers, pumps, 

nozzles, etc.

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TABLE XXX

Contamination Tables – Continued

TYPE CONTAMINANTS APPEARANCE CHARACTERISTICS EFFECTS ON

AIRCRAFT

C. EMULSIONS

(1) Water in fuel emulsions Light cloud. Heavy Cloud. Finely divided drops of water in fuel. Same as free water

cloud. Will settle to bottom in minutes, hours, or weeks, 

depending on nature of emulsion.

Same as free water.

(2) Fuel in water or “inverse” emulsions Reddish, grayish, or blackish.

Sticky material variously 

described as gelatinous, 

gummy, or “mayonnaise-like.”

Fine divided drops of fuel in water. Contains rust which

stabilizes or “firms” the emulsion. Will adhere to most 

materials normally in contact with fuels. Usually present in 

“globules” or stringy, fibrous-like material in clear or cloudy 

fuel. Will stand from days to months without separating. This 

material contains 50-70% water, a small amount of fine rust, 

and 30-50% fuel.

Same as free water and

sediment, only more drastic. 

Will quickly cause filter 

plugging or erratic readings in 

fuel quantity probes.

D. MICROBIOLOGICAL GROWTH

Brown, gray, or black. Stringy

or fibrous

Usually found with other contaminants in the fuel. Typically

found at the fuel water interface but can also form films on 

the tanks surfaces. Develops only when free water is present.

Fouls fuel quantity probes,

sticks flow dividers, and makes 

fuel controls sluggish.

E. MISCELLANEOUS

(1) Interface material Lacy bubbles at interface

between fuel and water. 

Sometimes resembles 

jellyfish.

Extremely complicated chemically. Occurs only when free water is

present.

Effects due to presence of

free water.

(2) Air Bubbles Cloud in fuel. Disperses upward within a few seconds None.

(3) Media Migration Thin to Thickened, light to 

dark brown, molasses type

material

Found in filter-separators utilizing water absorbing (super 

absorbent polymer based), filter monitor fuse filters. Polymer may

migrate downstream of the filter-separator all the way to the 

aircraft fuel tank.

Capable of blocking the 

engine fuel filters. May

promote microbial growth 

within the wing tank.

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TABLE XXXI

Minimum Standards of Filtration and Water Separation for Petroleum Products

PRODUCT INTO TANK CARS 

AND TRUCKS5

INTO DISPENSING 

UNITS4

INTO CONTAINERS 

(PACKAGE) INTO AIRCRAFT4 INTO USING UNIT

Aviation Gasoline

Bulk 1 150 microns 2

(max) 

No Visible Water

Filter-Separator 10 ppm 

by volume water, max.

Filter-Separator 10 ppm

by volume water, max.

Filter or Filter-Separator 1 10 ppm 

by volume Water, max.

Aviation Gasoline, 

Packaged3 Filter-Separator 1

10 ppm 

by volume Water, max.

Filter or Filter-Separator 1 10 

ppm by volume Water, max.

Aviation Turbine

Fuels, Bulk1 150 microns 2

(max.)

Filter-Separator 1

10 ppm 

by volume Water, max.

Filter-Separator 1 10 ppm 

by volume water, max.

Filter-Separator 1 10 ppm by 

volume Water, max.

Aviation Turbine

Fuels, Packaged 3

Filter-Separator 1

10 ppm 

by volume Water, max.

Filter-Separator 1 10 ppm by 

volume Water, max.

Aircraft Piston

Engine Lube Oil, -

Bulk

240 microns 2 (max.) 

No Visible Water

240 microns 2 (max)

No Visible Water

240 microns 2 (max.)

No Visible Water

240 microns 2 (max)

No Visible Water

Aircraft Piston

Engine Lube Oil, 

Packaged

240 microns 2 (max.)

No Visible Water

240 microns 2 (max.) 

No Visible Water

240 microns 2 (max)

No Visible Water

Aircraft jet Engine

Lube Oils, - Packaged 25 microns, absolute 

(max.) No Visible Water

25 microns, absolute

(max.) No Visible Water

10 microns (max) (No Filtration 

necessary for Hermetically sealed 

containers)

Aircraft Hydraulic

Fluids - Packaged

(Filtered at time of

manufacture), 5 microns, 

absolute (max)

5 microns, absolute (max) (No

filtration necessary for 

hermetically sealed containers)

Diesel Fuel/ MOGAS

(applicable for Army 

only)

Filter-Separator 1 10 ppm 

by volume Water

Filter-Separator 10 ppm 

by volume Water

NOTES:

1. Filter-separator in accordance with EI 1581 or MIL-PRF-52308, electronic sensors that provide both a water and solid defense in accordance with EI 1598 and 

EI 1570, or other approved filter-separator equipment or combinations thereof.

2. 150 microns equal 100 mesh; 240 microns equal 60 mesh.

3. All visible water to be stripped or drained from fuel prior to issue.

4. All dispensing units or equipment that issue Aviation Gasoline or Aviation Turbine Fuel directly to aircraft must have a filter separator or electronic sensor 

installed at point of issue meeting requirements of Note 1.

5. 150 micron equal 100 mesh; 240 micron equal 60 mesh for Lubricating Oils for Tank Cars, Trucks and Intermodal Containers.

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185

TABLE XXXII

Bulk and Packaged Additive Shelf Life and Testing Frequency 7,9

CHARACTERISTICS(1)

SPECIFICATION

MIL-DTL-85470(5) (Bulk)

FSII

MIL-DTL-85470(5) (Packaged)

FSII)

MIL-PRF-25017(6)

(Bulk CI/LI)

MIL-PRF-25017 

(Packaged CI/LI) 6

Workmanship X X X X

Ash Content X X

Pour Point X X

Density @ 15◦C X7 X7

Viscosity @ 40◦C X7 X7

Flash Point X7 X7

Total Acid Number X X X7 X7

pH @25oC (25% solution in 

water

X X X7

Distillation X

Relative Density 20/20◦C X X

Water X X

Ethylene Glycol X

NSN 6850-01-057-6427 6850-01-089-5514 6850-01-113-2063 6850-00-292-9780

Shelf Life(2,3) 18 Months 18 Months 24 Months 24 Months

Test Frequency(4,8) 9 Months 9 Months 15 Months 15 Months

NATO Code Numbers S-1745 S-1745 S-1747 S-1747

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186

TABLE XXXII

Bulk and Packaged Additive Shelf Life and Testing Frequency 7, 9 - Continued

NOTES:

1. Characteristics are from the product specifications. Refer to associated additive specification to determine appropriate ASTM test methods.

2. SDA and thermal stability improver (+100) additives are contracted and controlled through DLA Aviation in Richmond, VA (for address see 5.13.3) and do not have a

defined shelf -life criteria. Any shelf life and/or testing requirements concerns for these items should be forwarded through them. It is noted that the manufacturer states

that the shelf -life for SDA is 5 years, and for +100 is 12 months.

3. Shelf Life, for packaged items, applies to those items which are unopened and stored IAW paragraph 5.8.1.1 of this MIL Standard.

4. For bulk additives, product stored in a tank without a nitrogen blanketing or desiccant system, which has not been resupplied with new product at least once within the

shelf life time frame, should be visually inspected every 3 months and laboratory tested every 6 months or if visual analysis indicates suspected contamination. Once

opened, packaged additives will be tested every 9 or 15 months until depleted or test results do not meet specifications.

5. Follow instructions and ASTM test methods and table properties contained within MIL-DTL-85470 to fulfill verification testing for FSII.

6. Perform conformance test identified in Table 1 of MIL-PRF-25017 when conducting shelf life testing of CI/LI.

7. Use the additive-specific values listed in QPL-25017 to compare against the test results for each of these characteristics.

8. For a commodity not listed in Tables I-XXXII, see guidance on packaged product shelf life extension at https://headquarters.dla.mil/j-3/shelflife/default.aspx (CAC

Enabled) or https://www.shelflife.hq.dla.mil (non-CAC access). Program POCs for the Military Services and Agency Administrators are listed on the home page.

9. Only an approved laboratory under the DoD Shelf Life Program can authorize the customer to extend the shelf life of any item. For a list of approved laboratories, see 

the table of QSL Test Labs for chemical commodities at https://headquarters.dla.mil/j-3/shelflife/SLES/TestLabs.aspx (CAC Enabled).

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187

TABLE XXXIII

Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Kerosene, NATO F-58, ASTM D3699

TEST REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION 

LIMITS

RECEIPT 

LIMITS

ASTM TEST METHOD

Flash Point, °C (°F), min 38.0 (100) 37.0 (98.7) D56 (referee) or D3828

TABLE XXXIV

Intra-Governmental Receipt Limits for Gasoline, Aviation Low Lead (NATO F-18), 

ASTM D910, and Gasoline, Aviation Unleaded, ASTM D7547 2

.

TEST REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION 

LIMITS

RECEIPT 

LIMITS

ASTM TEST 

METHOD

Appearance 1 Clear and Bright Clear and Bright D4176

Color

Grade 100LL Blue

D2392

Knock Value, Motor Octane Number

Grade 91UL

Grade 100LL

91

100 99 3

D2700

Vapor Pressure, kPa, max 38-49 34.5-50.0 3 D323, D5191

Copper Strip Corrosion (2 h @ 100°C), max No. 1 D130

Lead Content

Grade 91UL

Pb g/L (g/U.S. gal), max

Grade 100LL

TEL (mL/L), max

Pb (g/L), max

0.013 (0.05)

0.53

0.56 0.60 3

D3237, D3341

D3341, D5059

NOTES:

1. A visual assessment for clear & bright, solid matter, and undissolved water is to be made at ambient 

temperature

2. All required tests must be performed except for Knock Value. For test requirements not in this table 

specification limits apply.

3. Applies to Navy only.

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188

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK

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APPENDIX A

189

MILITARY SERVICES PETROLEUM LABORATORIES 

AND FUEL TESTING CAPABILITIES

A.1 SCOPE 

A.1.1 Scope. This Appendix is not a mandatory part of this Standard. The information 

contained herein is intended for guidance only. Unless otherwise directed, all samples should be 

forwarded to the laboratory designated in the appropriate service regulations. It is recommended 

to contact the laboratories listed below prior to submission of samples to ensure capabilities exist 

to perform/accomplish sample testing requirements.

A.2 LIST OF LABORATORIES

AIR FORCE LABORATORIES TYPE PRODUCTS TYPE TEST

Aerospace Fuels Laboratory (FP2070)

AFPET/PTPLA

2430 C Street, Bldg. 70, Area B

Wright Patterson AFB OH 45433-7631

COMM: (937) 255-2106 DSN: 785-2106

Jet Fuel

Packaged POL

Chemical

Diesel

B20 Biodiesel Blend

Burner Fuel

MOGAS

AVGAS

A

B-2

B-2

A (Except Cetane 

Number)

B-2 (Except 

Oxidation 

Stability))

A

A (Except Knock 

Rating and 

Oxidation Stability 

)

A (Except Knock 

Rating and 

Oxidation 

Stability)

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APPENDIX A

190

AIR FORCE LABORATORIES TYPE PRODUCTS TYPE TEST

Aerospace Fuels Laboratory (FP 2075)

AFPET/PTPLE

1747 Utah Avenue, Bldg. 6670

Vandenberg AFB, CA 93437-5220

COMM: (805) 606-5873 DSN: 276-5873

Jet Fuel

Diesel

Burner Fuel

B20 Biodiesel Blend

MOGAS

AVGAS

A

A (Except Cetane 

Number

A

B-2 (Except 

Oxidation 

Stability)

A (Except Knock 

Rating and 

Oxidation 

Stability)

A (Except Knock 

Rating and 

Oxidation 

Stability)

Aerospace Fuels Laboratory (FP2080)

AFPET/PTPLF 

Bldg. 725, West Row Gate #6

RAF Mildenhall, Suffolk UK IP28 8NF

COMM: 011-44-1-638-54-2043 

DSN: 314-238-2043

Jet Fuel

Diesel

Burner Fuel

A

A (Except Cetane 

Number)

A

Aerospace Fuels Laboratory (FP2083)

AFPET/PTPLG

Unit 5161, Bldg. 854

Kadena Air Base Okinawa Japan

APO AP 96368-5161

COMM: 011-81-611-734-1602

DSN: 315-634-1602

Jet Fuel

Diesel

Burner Fuel

A

A (Except Cetane 

Number)

A

ARMY LABORATORIES TYPE PRODUCTS TYPE TEST

US ARMY TARDEC Petroleum Laboratory

5085 U Avenue, Bldg. 85

New Cumberland, PA 17070-5083

Jet Fuel

Package POL

Chemicals

Coal

B-1, B-2, B-3

B-2

B-2

B-2

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APPENDIX A

191

DLA ENERGY LABORATORIES TYPE PRODUCTS TYPE TEST

Mail Address:

DLA Europe & Africa Petroleum 

Laboratory

422

CMR

APO AE 09067

Sample Address:

DLA Energy Europe & Africa Petroleum 

Laboratory

Bldg. 320, Rhine Ordnance Barracks

Am Opelkreisel

67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany

COMM: 011-49-631-3406-2284/2288

DSN: 314-493-2284/2288

Jet Fuel

Diesel

Burner Fuel

MOGAS

AVGAS

A 

B-2

B-2

B-2

Except for 

oxidation 

stability, knock 

rating (RON & 

MON),leadock 

B-2 Except for 

Lead content & 

Potential gum

DLA Energy Pyongtaek Petroleum

Laboratory 

APO AP 96271

Bldg. 848

Camp Humphreys, Korea

DSN 315-753-7291

Comm. (82)(031)-691-0963

Aviation Turbine

JPTS

Ground Mobility

A, except 

naphthalene’s,

Hydrogen 

Content for JP-5

A

B-1, B-2, B-3

B-1 plus

DLA Energy Alaska Petroleum Laboratory

Bldg. 986 Warehouse St

COMM: 907-384-7180

DSN: 317-384-7180

JBER, Alaska 99506

Aviation Turbine

DFA, DF1, DF2, 

DS-1, DS-2

Aviation Gasoline

Motor Gasoline

B-1, B-2, B-3

B-1, B-2, B-3

B-1, B-2, B-3

B-1, B-2, B-3

B-1,B-2, B-3

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APPENDIX A

192

NAVY LABORATORIES TYPE PRODUCTS TYPE TEST

Naval Air Systems Command

Fuels and Lubricants Division, AIR 4.4.5

22229 Elmer Road, Bldg. 2360

Patuxent River, MD 20670

Ship samples to:

Naval Air Systems Command

HAZMART Bldg. 2385

22680 Hammond Road

Sample (AIR 4.4.5)

Patuxent River, MD 20670

Aviation & Ship 

Fuels; Turbine 

Engine Oils (Special 

samples only as 

defined in NAVAIR 

00-80T-109) All

Mid-Atlantic Regional Fuels Laboratory

9673 Virginia Avenue, Bldg. W-388

Norfolk, VA 23511-3323

JP-5

F-76

2190 (LTL)

9250 (LO6)

JP8

Jet A 

MUR (ASTM 

D4814)

Fuel Oil

B-2

B-1

B-2

B-2

B-2

B-1

B-1

B-1

FLC Jacksonville FL

Code 700, Fuel Dept.

8808 Somers Road, Bldg. 56

Jacksonville, FL 32226-2600

JP-5

F-76

B-1

B-1

U. S. Naval Station

Rota Spain

Attn: Fuels Officer

PSC 819, Box 21

FPO AE 09645-21

JP-5

JP8

F-76

B-2

B-2

B-1

FLC San Diego

Petroleum Laboratory

Bldg. 70A

Point Loma Annex

San Diego, CA 92106

JP-5

F-76

2190 (LTL)

B-2

B-2

B-2

FLC Puget Sound

Manchester Fuel Department

Attn: Q.A. Laboratory

7501 Beach Drive East

Port Orchard, WA 98366

JP-5

JP-8

F-76

2190 (LTL)

9250 (LO6)

B-2

B-2

B-2

B-1

B-1

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APPENDIX A

193

NAVY LABORATORIES TYPE PRODUCTS TYPE TEST

FLC Pearl Harbor POL Laboratory

300 Neches Ave

Bldg 1685, Code 704

Pearl Harbor, HI 96860-4549

JP-5

F-76

2190 (LTL)

B-2

B-2

B-2

Commanding Officer

FLC Yokosuka Guam Area Fuel Division 

Laboratory

PSC 455, BOX 190

FPO AP 96540-1082

JP-5

JP-8

F-76

RME 25

C

C

C

Commanding Officer

FLC Yokosuka Code 700

PSC 473, Box 11

FPO AP 96349-0011

JP-5

JP-8

F-76, Diesel

2190 (LTL)

Gasoline

A

A

B-2

B-2

B-2 + Engine

Officer-in-Charge

FLC Yokosuka Det. 

Sasebo

PSC 476, Box 7

FPO AP 96322-0001

JP-5

JP-8

F-76

2190 (LTL)

B-2

B-2

B-2

B-2

U. S. Navy Support Facility Diego Garcia

Attn: Petroleum Testing Lab

PSC 466, Box 24

FPO AP 96595-0004

JP-5

F-76

2190 (LTL)

B-2

B-2

B-2

Commanding Officer 

FLC Yokosuka Det. Hachinohe, 

Code 703.1 Unit 5260 

PO AP 96319-5000

JP-8 B-2

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APPENDIX B

194

SIGNIFICANCE OF TESTS

B.1 SCOPE

B.1.1 Scope. This appendix discusses the significance and purpose of some of the tests 

used in the quality surveillance of fuels and lubricants. This Appendix is not a mandatory part of 

this Standard. The information contained herein is intended for guidance only.

B.2 GENERAL

B.2.1 General. Each of the various tests of fuels and lubricants indicated in the product

specification has certain significance in relation to the quality of the product tested. Certain ones

can give a quick, easy and positive identification of the product and at the same time, aid in

detecting the presence of contaminants. Although descriptions of the testing equipment and test

methods are not to be included in this publication, it is considered worthwhile to include a brief

statement on the significance and purpose of certain tests. These statements may assist by

providing a better understanding and appreciation of the scope and importance of the Quality

Surveillance Program. For a more detailed coverage of this subject, see the ASTM Manual 1,

Manual on Significance of Tests of Petroleum Products.

B.3 Ash. The ash content of an oil is determined by burning off the organic matter and 

weighing the remaining inorganic materials. Straight mineral oils normally contain only a trace 

of ash. Oils containing metallic salts as additives will have larger amounts of ash than straight 

mineral oils. Increase of ash content is indicative of contamination with inorganic matter such as 

sand, dust and rust. In the case of straight mineral oil this must be very low as any abrasive 

substance such as sand, clay, or rust may damage the internal metal surfaces of engines, fuel 

injectors, plug injection nozzles, or form deposits in the engine. Residual fuels should have low 

amounts of ash since some constituents of ash may cause corrosion or embrittlement of boiler 

fire boxes and boiler tubes.

B.4 Bottom Sediment and Water. The bottom sediment and water test (BS&W) is 

conducted on fuel to determine the amount of water and other foreign materials that may be 

present. Excessive sediment will plug the burner tips and may prevent proper atomization. 

Clogging of the strainers, accumulation of sediment in fuel tanks and formation of carbon 

deposits may be a result of a high percentage of BS&W. Water in the fuel may freeze and also 

clog the lines resulting in improper flow of the fuel.

B.5 Carbon Residue. The results of the carbon residue test are an estimation of the 

carbonizing properties of a lubricating oil or fuel. The carbon residue on a lubricating oil is not 

directly related to carbon formation in an engine, but gives an indication of the type of carbon 

formation (loose and flaky, or hard and flinty) and is useful primarily as an identity and control 

test in conjunction with other specification tests. In diesel fuels, after distilling off 90%, the 

carbon residue on the last 10% must be low enough to avoid large carbon deposits that could 

cause coking in the fuel injectors and affect the fuel spray pattern. High carbon residual fuels 

should be carefully checked for sediment. The Ramsbottom test is the required test for both fuel 

and lubricants as it has better repeatability and correlates better to carbon formation.

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APPENDIX B

195

B.6 Cetane Index. An approximation of the cetane number (the ignition performance) of 

distillate diesel fuels, which does not contain a cetane improver additive, calculated from the API 

gravity and mid-boiling point or from density and recovery temperature measurements.

B.7 Cetane Number. The cetane number is a measure of the ignition performance of a 

diesel fuel obtained by comparing it to reference fuels in a standardized engine test and is based 

on a scale resembling that of octane numbers. This value is determined by a test method which 

measures the length of time (ignition lag) between injection and starting of combustion within 

the combustion chamber of an engine. The cetane number requirement varies with the type of 

diesel engine. Large, slow-speed units of stationary installations do not require high cetane 

numbers (below 40). Smaller, high-speed engines having 1,000 rpm or more require fuels of 

high Cetane number (above 40). The cetane number is related to operating and starting 

characteristics at low temperatures. The higher the cetane value, the better or easier the starting 

capability. Cetane number is not to be confused with cetane index. The cetane number is 

determined by ASTM D613; the cetane index is a calculated value and may not always equate 

with the cetane number.

B.8 Cloud and Pour Points. The cloud point is the temperature at which wax crystals or 

water in an oil or fuel appear, causing the oil or fuel to appear cloudy or hazy. In wick feed 

systems, the waxy crystals may clog the wick and either wax or water crystals may block filter 

passages in fuel systems. The cloud point is the limiting factor for controlling low-temperature 

operability of diesel and burner fuels. Vehicles and equipment will experience low temperature 

fluidity problems (filter plugging, fuel line restrictions, and waxing) if operated with diesel fuels 

having cloud points above ambient temperature. The pour point is the lowest temperature at 

which flow is observed under controlled conditions. The pour point as determined by laboratory 

test procedures is only indicative of its behavior at low temperatures. The fact that an oil or a 

fuel has a specific pour point is not indication that it can be handled satisfactorily at that 

temperature. Because of the low temperatures encountered by aviation fuels in high altitudes 

and cold weather flying, the low temperature characteristics are determined by freezing point 

test.

B.9 Color. Various types of petroleum products such as aviation and automotive 

gasolines are dyed to permit a rapid visual determination of product type and grade. Visually 

detectable changes in color intensity or hue may be an indication of product contamination or 

deterioration. Aviation turbine fuels have no color limitations on procurement or use. This is 

not to be construed to mean visual color determination is without significance. Unexpected color 

changes will require additional testing to ensure product quality. Progressive darkening of jet and 

distillate type fuels during storage is a good indication that oxidation is occurring with the 

formation of insoluble gums. Naphthas and solvents intended for use as fabric cleaners should be 

water white to prevent discoloration of the fabric.

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APPENDIX B

196

B.10 Conductivity. This measures the electrical conductance of the fuel in pS/m. 

Conductivity additive reduces the amount of time necessary for static charges to dissipate. 

Conductivity readings can be affected by temperature readings. Figure B-1 shows the effect of 

temperature on a sample of JP-8 with Stadis 450. The US Navy does not use conductivity

additive. Conductivity additive is only added to JP-5 when the product is used for issue or 

purging of Air Force tactical aircraft.

FIGURE B-1. Conductivity

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APPENDIX B

197

B.11 Copper Strip Corrosion. This test indicates whether a petroleum product is free of 

corrosive compounds.

B.12 Distillation. The distillation test is a measure of the volatility of a product. The 

lower boiling fractions of a gasoline indicate the starting ability of an engine at the given 

temperature, and the engine’s ability to warm up quickly when using that gasoline. An excessive 

amount of highly volatile constituents in gasoline may cause vapor lock; conversely, an 

excessive amount of heavy- ends may not completely burn in the combustion chamber and 

consequently may cause damage through excessive crankcase dilution. Specifications designate 

minimum and maximum percentages to be evaporated at specified temperatures as well as initial

and final boiling points of the product. A high end point and high percentage of residue may be 

indicative of contamination of gasoline with fuel or oil. Fuel with considerable lower initial 

boiling point or flash point may be indicative of contamination with gasoline.

B.13 Existent Gum. Existent gum is the amount of nonvolatile residue present in the 

gasoline or aviation turbine fuel at the time of test. The results indicate the quantity of gum 

deposition which may occur if the product is consumed immediately, but do not indicate the 

stability of the product toward gum formation on storage. As the name implies, the gum is a 

sticky, tacky, varnish-like material that is objectionable in fuel systems. When present in excess, 

it tends to clog fuel line filters, pump screens, aircraft engine fuel systems, carburetor jets, and 

cause manifold deposit and sticky intake valves.

B.14 Filtration Time. The filtration time test determines the filterability of aviation 

turbine fuels. It is designed to identify those fuels which can cause rapid differential pressure 

build up in filtration equipment.

B.15 Flash Point. The flash point of a product is an indication of its fire hazard during 

handling and storage. The flash point is primarily applicable to lower temperature boiling range 

products such as diesel fuel, JP-5, kerosene and solvents. It is also used to determine whether a 

product is contaminated. As an example, very small quantities of gasoline will lower the flash 

point of diesel fuel considerably below the minimum safe operating level. On new lubricating 

oils, the flash point is used primarily for the purpose of identification and classification, and must 

be above the operating temperature of the equipment.

B.16 Foam Stability. This paragraph addresses Government-owned lubricating oil. All 

lubricating oils will foam to some extent when agitated. The foam that is formed in additive oils 

is often very stable and instead of breaking quickly tends to build in the oil system with 

subsequent oil loss through the breather outlets and other openings in the engine crankcase. 

Consequently, additive type motor oils are frequently treated with antifoam agents to eliminate 

potential foaming difficulties. The foam test requires agitating the oil sufficiently so a large 

quantity of foam is formed, then noting the time required for this foam to collapse. Some 

lubricants containing antifoam additive may fail initial foam tests. If they meet the foam 

requirements after agitation as described in Option A of ASTM D892, Foaming Characteristics 

of Lubricating Oils, they are satisfactory for use.

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APPENDIX B

198

B. 17 Fuel System Icing Inhibitor. This is a quantitative test to determine the 

concentration of diethylene glycol monomethyl ether in aviation turbine fuel. The FSII additive

prevents ice formation in aircraft fuel systems. ASTM D5006 (using the B2 AIA Kit) is the 

preferred method.

B. 18 API Gravity or Density. Density, relative density, specific gravity are a factors 

that governs the quality and pricing of crude petroleum. Accuracy of these tests, whichever is 

applicable for petroleum and its products is necessary for the conversion of measured volumes to 

volumes or masses, or both, at the standard reference temperatures during transfer. The storage, 

handling and combustion of automotive, aviation and marine fuels are affected by density, which 

makes it a significant quality indicator. The API gravity of a petroleum oil is based on an

arbitrary hydrometer scale which is to a specific formula: Degrees API at 60oF = (141.5 / 

(Relative Density 60/60 o F)) - 131.5 (Source: API MPMS Chapter 1, Vocabulary, API Gravity)

B.18.1 Relative Density. The relative density of a petroleum oil or a mixture of 

petroleum products with other substances is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of the 

material at a temperature of 60 °F to the weight of an equal volume of distilled water at the same 

temperature. If the relative density is determined at a temperature other than 60 °F, the result is 

corrected to that temperature by the use of the appropriate correction tables. The higher the 

relative density, the lower the API gravity. The API scale is now used almost exclusively by the 

petroleum industry to designate the gravities of petroleum liquids. Correct gravity is important in 

the gauging of the liquid content of storage tanks, tankers and barges. A change of gravity may 

indicate a change of composition caused by mixing of grades of product.

B.19 Knock Value. The knock value is normally expressed as an octane number for 

automotive gasoline and as octane or performance number for aviation gasoline. These values 

are determined by actually comparing the knocking tendency of a fuel to laboratory standard test 

fuels of known knock value in a standard test engine. The significance of knock value is to 

indicate whether the fuel will tend to burn uniformly and evenly in a cylinder without preignition or detonation. Fuels of inadequate knock value will reduce power output in all types of 

engines and, if used for more than brief periods, can cause overheating of the engine unit, burned 

pistons and cylinders, lubrication failure, and even piston and cylinder melting.

B.19.1 Octane Number-Motor Method (MON). Octane number of automotive gasoline 

is determined by a method of test that is indicative of fuel antiknock performance in engines 

operating at high engine speeds and wide open throttle.

B.19.2 Octane Number-Research Method (RON). Octane number of automotive 

gasoline is determined by a method of test that is indicative of fuel antiknock performance in 

engines operating at relatively low engine speeds, low engine temperatures and wide open 

throttle.

B.19.3 Antiknock Index ((RON+MON)/2). The antiknock index is the average of the 

motor and research octane numbers. This value indicates the knocking tendency of the fuel under 

average driving conditions.

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APPENDIX B

199

B.19.4 Octane/Performance Number-Aviation Method. Antiknock rating is determined 

by a method of test that indicates the knock characteristics at lean fuel-to-air ratio in engines

operating under lean or cruise conditions.

B.19.5 Octane/Performance Number-Supercharge Method. Antiknock ratings are 

determined by a method of test that indicates the knock characteristics under supercharge rich 

mixture condition, corresponding to the mixture ratio used in an aircraft engine under takeoff and 

climbing conditions. The antiknock characteristics of a fuel above 100 octane are expressed in 

terms of a tetraethyl lead or performance number.

B.20 Lubricity. In lubricants it is proportional to film strength. In fuels, it refers to a 

value that is measured either by the scuffing load wear (SLBOCLE) test by ASTM D6078, the 

high frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) test by ASTM D6079, or the ball-on-cylinder lubricity 

evaluator (BOCLE) test by ASTM D5001. The tests were developed to determine the ability of 

the fuel to properly lubricate fuel- wetted components/surfaces.

B.21 Potential Gum or Oxidation Stability. Stability of a fuel is its ability to retain its 

original properties, except for evaporation losses, after prolonged storage. When added to fuel 

chemical inhibitors tend to retard gum formation, but they will not reduce gum that has already 

been formed. The stability value is determined by a test that indicates the presence of gum 

materials and the relative tendency of gasoline and aviation turbine fuel to form gums after a 

specified period of accelerated aging. In addition, the formation of gum may reduce the knock 

values of gasoline.

B.21.1 Oxidation Stability. For automotive gasolines, the oxidation stability may be 

expressed as the induction period (sometimes called the breakdown time), which is measured as 

the time in minutes elapsed during the accelerated test until the fuel absorbs oxygen rapidly.

B.21.2 Accelerated Gum. For aviation gasoline and aviation turbine fuels the oxidation 

stability may be expressed as the potential or accelerated gum. It is the gum plus lead deposits 

(from leaded fuels) measured at the end of a specified accelerated aging (oxidation) period.

B.22 Sulfur. Grade 1K kerosene, intended for use in non-flue connected burner 

appliances and in wicked illuminating lamps, must not contain appreciable levels of sulfur in 

order to prevent the formulation of sulfur compounds in combustion gases. The presence of 

sulfur compounds may present a health and toxicological hazard. Sulfur content is also 

important for gasoline and diesel fuel to be used as on-road fuels for environmental compliance.

B.23 Thermal Oxidation Stability for Turbine Fuels. The thermal oxidation stability for 

turbine fuels (ASTM D3241) measures the high temperature stability of gas turbine fuels, which 

subjects the test fuel to conditions that can be related to those occurring in gas turbine engine 

systems. Test results are indicative of fuel performance during gas turbine operations and can be 

used to assess the level of deposits that form when liquid contacts a heated surface that is at a 

specified temperature.

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B.24 Vapor Pressure. The vapor pressure of a fuel is determined by the RVP test and 

indicates the tendency of the fuel to vaporize. Vapor Pressure increases with temperature for any 

given gasoline. Gasoline must have a certain vapor pressure to ensure adequate starting and 

accelerating qualities.

B.24.1 Vapor Lock. Too high a vapor pressure for the particular operating condition 

may cause what is commonly known as vapor lock, which prevents the fuel from reaching the 

engine.

B.24.2 Vaporization. The tendency of gasoline to vaporize in an automobile fuel system 

is indicated by the vapor-to-liquid ratio of that gasoline at conditions approximating those in 

critical parts of the fuel system. This test is currently used at procurement levels in conjunction 

with Vapor Pressure test to determine vaporizing properties of automobile gasoline.

B.25 Viscosity. Viscosity is the measure of a liquid’s resistance to flow. The 

significance of viscosity depends on the intended use of the product. From the point of view of 

application and performance, proper viscosity is highly important since specified minimum and 

maximum rates of flow are required for all fuels and lubricating oils. In fuel, viscosity 

determination serves as an index of how it will flow to the burners, the extent to which it will be 

atomized and the temperature at which the fuel must be maintained in order for heavy residual 

fuel to be properly atomized.

B.26 Water and Sediment.

B.26.1 Aviation Fuels. Significance of contamination of aviation fuels with water and 

sediment is covered in Section 5.9.

B.26.2 Automotive Fuels. Significance of contamination of automotive fuels with water 

and sediment is covered in Section 5.10.

B.26.3 Diesel and Burner Fuels. Diesel fuels must be clean and should not contain more 

than a trace of foreign substances, otherwise fuel pump and injector difficulties may occur. 

Excessive sediment and rust will plug the burner tip and the fuel will not atomize properly. 

Water can cause rough operation and may corrode the fuel handling system, causing the 

formation of rust in the system and can also create significant microbiological deterioration 

problems. The type of equipment and type of burner fuels will determine the amount of 

sediment that is permissible in the fuel.

B.26.4 Lubricating Oils. Care should be exercised to avoid contaminating lubricating 

oils with water, as it will hasten the decomposition of many oils, wash out additives, emulsify, 

and lead to engine malfunctioning. In used lubricating oils, water sediment may indicate poor 

maintenance or malfunctioning of screens, or its formation may have been caused by 

condensation of combustion products.

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B.27 Water Reaction. A measure of the presence of water-miscible compounds in 

aviation gasoline and turbine fuels. An interfacial emulsion may indicate a carryover of treating 

compounds or contamination with surfactants (surface active agents). A change in fuel volume 

indicates a contamination with alcohol or other components which absorb appreciable amounts 

of water. An interface emulsion may also indicate contamination with microbiological growth.

Not performed on JP-5.

B.28 Micro-Separometer (MSEP) The MSEP (previously referred to as water separation 

index modified or WSIM method) test measures the water separation characteristics of fuels. The 

test reflects the ease with which a fuel releasing dispersed or emulsified water surfactants has an

adverse effect on the MSEP rating. Fuels having low MSEP rating will poison filter-separators 

and prevent them from functioning properly.

B.29 Water Tolerance. The ability of fuel and alcohol blends to resist separation into 

two phases when a known quantity of water is added.

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RECEIPT AND QUALITY SURVEILLANCE OF COAL

C.1 SCOPE

C.1.1 Scope. This appendix provides general instruction and procedures to be used by 

the Military Services and the Defense Logistics Agency in receipt and quality surveillance of 

coal.

C.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

C.2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in C.3, C.4, and C.5 of 

this appendix.

C.2.2 Non-Government Publications. The following documents form a part of this 

appendix to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of this appendix 

are those cited in the solicitation or contract

ASTM INTERNATIONAL

Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Section 5, Petroleum Products, Lubricants, and Fossil

Fuels, Volume 05.05, Gaseous Fuels, Coal and Coke

ASTM D2234 Standard Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample of Coal

ASTM D4749 Standard Test Method for Performing the Sieve Analysis of Coal 

and Designating Coal Size (DoD adopted)

(Copies of these documents are available online at http://www.astm.org/.)

C.3 DEFINITIONS

C.3.1 Definitions. The definitions in Section 3 of this Standard apply to this appendix.

C.4 GENERAL INFORMATION

C.4.1 Coal Rank. A classification designation that indicates the degree of coalification 

or metamorphism, that is expressed in successive stages according to percentages of fixed

carbon, moisture, and ash. The degree of coalification is classified into four general categories, 

or “ranks”; lignite, sub bituminous, bituminous, and anthracite.

C.4.1.1. Lignite. Also referred to as brown coal, is the lowest rank of coal. Lignite has 

the lowest carbon content, 25 – 35 percent and a heating value less than 8,300 BTUs per pound. 

Typically, lignite has high moisture, greater than 30 percent, and volatile content of ~27 percent.

C.4.1.2 Sub Bituminous. A coal whose properties range from those of lignite to those of 

bituminous coal. Typically, sub bituminous coal has a carbon content of 35 – 45 percent, and a 

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heating value of 8,300 – 11,500 BTUs per pound. Sub bituminous coal has an inherent moisture 

content of 20 – 30 percent, and a volatile content of 35 – 47 percent. Sub bituminous coal 

generally has a much lower sulfur content than other types, making it an attractive, cleanerburning fuel.

C.4.1.3 Bituminous. A dense, firm black coal, representing about fifty (50) percent of 

the steam and electric power generation in the United States. It is also used as a raw material in 

the steel and coke industries. Bituminous coal has a carbon content of 45 – 85 percent, and a 

heating value of 10,500 – 15,500 BTUs per pound. Bituminous coal has a moisture content of 7 

– 20 percent, and a volatile content of 14 – 36 percent. The only drawback to bituminous coalfired power plants is the sulfur content. The sulfur content ranges from 0.5 – 3.0 mass percent 

(5,000 – 30,000 ppm by mass).

C.4.1.4 Anthracite. The highest rank of coal, anthracite is a hard, brittle, lustrous coal. It 

represents only a very small segment of the U.S. coal market. Currently, it is only found in 11 

northeastern counties of Pennsylvania. Anthracite has a carbon content of 85 – 98 percent and a 

heating value of 13,500 – 15,000 BTUs per pound. Anthracite coal has very low moisture 

content, less than 7 percent and a volatile content of 5 – 15 percent.

C.4.2 Specifications. Coal specifications are based on the boiler requirements outlined 

by the coal-burning facility. Reduced efficiencies plus increased maintenance and handling costs 

are associated with the use of non-specification coal. Table C-I outlines the significant coal 

combustion characteristics and sensitivities for six (6) different coal combustion technologies.

TABLE C-I. Significant Coal Characteristics Combustion Performance. 1

Properties Single Retort Multiple Retort Traveling Grate Spreader Stoker Pulverized Firing Cyclone

Size Consist V V V V V V

Moisture M M I M V M

Caking Index I I V M N N

Ash Fusibility I I M M I V

Grind ability N N N N V N

Friability M M M M N N

Volatile Matter M M M I I M

Fixed Carbon N N N N M N

Ash Content I I I I M M

Calorific Value I I I N N N

Ash Viscosity M M M N I V

Ash Composition ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦

Sulfur ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦

Notes

1. Legend for Table is as follows:

V – Very important, I – Important, M – Minor importance, N – Little/No importance

♦ Very important for fouling refractory, but little importance to combustion,

♦♦ Important from a corrosive standpoint, but little importance to combustion

C.4.2.1 Size Requirement. The size requirement (size-consist) is also part of a coal

specification. Double-screened coal is coal that has been screened for both top and bottom size.

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Size is defined by the percentage of the coal sample retained on top of the largest-sized screen 

and the percentage passing through the smallest-sized screen. An example of double-screened 

coal requirement is: 5%, weight, maximum for coal greater than 1 1⁄4 inch, and 15%, weight, 

maximum for coal less than 1⁄4 inch. Single-screened coal is only screened for bottom size. Size 

is defined by the percentage of sample passing through the smallest-sized screen. An example of 

single-screened coal requirement is: 15%, weight, maximum for coal less than 1⁄4 inch.

C.4.2.2 Specification Revision. A facility’s coal specifications may require revision 

based on equipment changes, operational problems or Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 

compliances. The revision of the coal specification will be accomplished by the submission of 

DD Form 416, Purchase Request for Coal, Coke or Briquettes. The request will specify the new 

requirement or specification and must include justification for the revision or change. Changes 

needed during the contract performance will require formal contract modification by the 

contracting officer. Contractor agreement and equitable price adjustment will be obtained by the 

contracting officer to establish the new coal specification requirement. Until the contract is 

modified, coal ordered will continue to comply with the original specification requirements.

C.4.3 Significance of Testing. Many large consumers of coal, as well as most of the 

large coal mining companies, have laboratories that sample and analyze coal. This work is done 

by the consumer to verify the quality of the coal purchased and to measure the efficiency of their 

coal burning equipment. The coal producer performs periodic analyses to monitor coal 

preparation methods and variations within a coal seam.

a. Standards used for analytical testing of coal, along with coal specifications and 

definitions have been subjected to continuous study and refinement for more than 60 years by the 

ASTM International. Adhering to these procedures is critical to the veracity of the sample 

results.

b. Before any analysis is conducted, Care should be taken to insure that the sample 

represents the material being produced. A coal sample usually contains some ratio of coal 

particles and extraneous material such slate, pyrite, etc. The analysis is only as good as the 

sample it represents.

C.4.3.1 Proximate Analysis. The proximate analysis is an evaluation of four items: 

moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash. The sum of the percentages of each must equal 

100 percent. This analysis is roughly designed to separate the combustible matter from noncombustible matter, and is used in some instances to determine rank.

C.4.3.2 Calorific Value. The calorific value of coal, or heat content, is express in BTUs 

per pound. A BTU (British Thermal Unit) is the amount of heat required to raise one pound of 

water from 60°F to 61°F. The metric system expresses the heat content in calories. One BTU 

equals 252 calories. To compare the heating value of two or more coals, the calorific value must 

be expressed on a dry basis.

C.4.3.3 Sulfur. Is a naturally occurring element in fossil fuels that originated during the 

coalification process. Sulfur combined with moisture creates a highly corrosive liquid that is 

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detrimental to all carbon steel combustion equipment components. In recent years, the 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) along with state regulatory agencies has been 

scrutinizing the sulfur content of coal and other fossil fuels. When fuels containing sulfur are 

burned, sulfur dioxide (SO2) is formed in the combustion process and is discharge into the 

atmosphere along with other combustible byproducts such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and 

nitrogen oxides (NOx). If these emissions are combined with a sufficient quantity of water vapor 

then sulfuric acid is emitted into the atmosphere. This is commonly referred to as acid rain. For 

these reasons, the federal government has implemented stringent sulfur regulations in an attempt 

to drastically reduce the quantity of combustible byproducts emitted into the atmosphere.

C.4.3.4 Ultimate Analysis. The composition of coal is better represented by the ultimate 

analysis. This analysis reports the percentage of carbon, hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, and 

ash in a coal sample. It also provides the data needed to calculate combustion factors for steam 

generation plants. However the data provides little assistance in predicting the burning 

characteristics of coal in a fuel bed.

C.4.3.5 Moisture. All coal has some form of moisture which acts as a diluents during 

the combustion process. As a rule, a one percent increase in moisture will reduce the calorific 

value by 80-120 BTUs. Moisture may be considered as surface moisture that comes from 

external sources such as snow, rain, and mechanical cleaning processes, or inherent moisture (not 

external) which is proportional to the coals’ rank. The moisture reported in proximate analysis is 

both surface and inherent. High moisture can affect the handling characteristics of coal. 

Freezing temperatures cause wet coal to amass, which directly effects offloading, pulverize 

capacity, and flow from storage bunkers.

C.4.3.6 Ash. The chemical composition of the ash is important in determining the 

fouling characteristics in a boiler. The quantity of ash generated will help determine the cost and 

type of ash handling equipment that is required for a given steam generation plant. There are four 

(4) fundamental measurements of coal ash with respect to clinkering tendency and slagging. 

They are the softening or fusion temperature of the ash, ash chemical composition, and the total 

percent ash in the coal.

a. Initial Deformation Temperature (IDT) - the temperature at which the first rounding of 

the apex of the ash cone occurs.

b. As Softening Temperature (AST) – the temperature at which the cone has fused down 

to a spherical lump in which the height is equal to the width at the base.

c. Hemispherical Temperature (HT) – the temperature at which the cone has fused down 

to a hemispherical lump at which point the height is one half the width at the base.

d. Fluid Temperature (FT) – the temperature at which the fused mass has is almost flat 

with a maximum height of 1/16 in.

C.4.3.7 Volatile Matter. Volatile matter in coal is given off as volatile gases, such as 

hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, and sulfur dioxides. Volatile matter reflects the coals’ 

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ability to ignite and burn. Coal having a low volatile content will be more difficult to ignite and 

burn than coal having a high volatile content. Volatile content is a very important chemical 

characteristic during suspension burning.

C.4.3.8 Free Swelling Index (FSI). Among the numerous test methods used to determine 

the expansion and swelling, or caking characteristics of coal, the free swelling index (FSI) is the 

most widely accepted. All bituminous coals coke in the sense that when the volatile matter is 

driven off by heat in the absence of air, the fixed carbon and ash remaining is coke. The caking

characteristic of coal, however, is the tendency of coal to melt together into a solid mass. Caking 

characteristics have little or no effect on the performance of spreader stokers or pulverized coal 

fired boilers.

C.4.3.9 Petrographic Analysis. This type of analysis is typically conducted during a 

mine evaluation or pre-award survey. The Petrographic analysis of coal was originally used to 

study the lithography of coal as a sedimentary rock and to identify the various coal laminae. 

Two methods were used: the thin section method and the polished surface method. By studying 

the various lithotypes and microlithotypes present, a determination could be made with regards 

to the quantity of homogeneous constituents. These constituents are called macerals. Macerals 

can be distinguished into the following types: Macerals whose origin is definitely due to woody 

and cortical tissues are vitrinite, fusinite, and semi-fusinite. Macerals whose origin is definitely 

due to plant material other than woody tissues are resinite, sporinite, alginate, cutinite, and 

sclerotinite. Macerals whose origin has not yet been traced to a specific vegetable tissue is called 

micrinite. Micrinite is completely structureless and was probably derived from humic mud and 

therefore from strongly decaying plant material. Since each of the various macerals has definite 

characteristics, a petrographer can determine the characteristics of a particular coal. By knowing 

the amount of the various macerals present, a petrographer can also predict a coals’ behavior 

under certain conditions.

C.4.4 DLA Energy contracts. Under DLA Energy contracts coal is usually inspected at 

source, with acceptance at destination. The contractor samples and tests coal prior to delivery. 

Commercial analytical test reports are prepared and accompany the DD Form 250 or equivalent 

form before or along with the shipment. If the accompanying documentation, visual examination 

of the coal being delivered, or the sampling/testing of the coal being delivered shows failure to 

meet the contractual requirements, then it should be rejected as non-conforming (see C.5.10). 

The activity shall immediately provide notification to DLA Energy with all pertinent information 

regarding off-specification coal. The contractor may request a waiver through the contracting 

officer for Government acceptance of the nonconforming coal.

C.4.5 Quality control plan/procedures. The facility should establish a written quality 

control plan for each coal-burning facility (see C.5.1).

C.4.6 Government Representative. In the event work is contracted out a Government 

Representative should be assigned to the contract. The representative will serve as point of 

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contact when coal is received, sampled, tested, or when problems arise.

C.4.7 Personnel training. The receiving facility is responsible for acceptance and receipt 

sampling. Only personnel who have been trained and are experienced to receive, sample, and 

test coal should be assigned these functions. Guidelines or policy should require individual 

training programs and should document completed training. DLA Energy teaches the “Coal 

Sampler’s Certification Course” to installation personnel on a cost-reimbursable basis. Contact 

DLA Energy DQA (email QA@dla.mil, phone 703-767-8736, or facsimile DSN 312-427-8747) 

to request the DLA Energy “Coal Sampler’s Certification Course” training. Installations may 

provide this training through alternate means provided the same level of instruction is provided. 

Personnel assigned the responsibility of coal receipt should also be familiar with applicable coal 

contact requirements. Personnel not experienced in performing visual examination should 

receive on the job training from experienced personnel.

C.4.8 Acceptance. When all contract requirements are satisfied, inspection and 

acceptance are accomplished by designated facility personnel on behalf of the Government. A 

Receiving Report (in lieu of the DD Form 250) is entered into the Wide Area Work 

Flow(WAWF) by the contractor. The QAR then inspects the WAWF Receiving Report (test 

documentation and shipment invoice) and certifies the report is correct. Acceptance is then 

carried out in the WAWF by the customers designated acceptor certifying acceptance by a 

Government or Government contract employee. The Receiving Report is then forwarded, 

through WAWF, to the proper office within 24 hours of acceptance to exact payment

C.5 DETAILED GUIDANCE 

C.5.1 Quality Control Plan.

C.5.1.1 Organization. The quality control plan should contain the name of a person 

responsible for coordination on changes and updates to the quality control plan. The quality 

control plan should also contain the name of personnel who are points of contact in receiving, 

storing, issuing and consumption.

C.5.1.2 Schematic Diagram. The quality control plan should contain a detailed 

schematic of the facility identifying the coal offloading locations, conveyor systems, sampling 

points, testing locations and storage locations. Information on the type of storage, handling 

equipment, additive treatment for dust reduction or freeze prevention, and movements of coal 

within the facility should be included.

C.5.1.3 Government Representative. The quality control plan should include name of 

the Government Representative (see C.4.4), their telephone, cell phone, pager, and facsimile 

numbers. The quality control plan should include a sufficient notification time that allows the 

Government Representative to be present when coal is received, sampled or tested.

C.5.1.4 Documentation. Identify in the quality control plan who will assure receipt of 

copies of solicitations, contract awards and modifications. Identify how product receipt 

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documents such as DD Form 250s or Receiving Reports, test reports and weigh bills will be 

received and distributed. Identify who will prepare or receive supplemental documentation such 

as: blending records (if performed), corrective action requests, quality/quantity investigations, 

certificates of calibration (e.g. scales for determination of weight and any other testing 

equipment), and manufacturers’ certificates of conformance (additives for dust control, freeze 

proofing, etc.). State where (the office) and how long this documentation will be kept. Note: 

Contract specified sampling and testing methods can be found in the Annual Book of ASTM 

Standards, Section 5, Petroleum Products, Lubricants and Fossil Fuels, Volume 05.05, Gaseous 

Fuels, Coal and Coke.

C.5.1.5 Blending. If performed, the quality control plan should include detail procedures 

on how coal blending is accomplished.

C.5.1.6 Sampling. The quality control plan should define and include minimum 

procedures for the following in the sampling plan: coal sampling for chemical analysis, sizeconsist, and additives (receipt and storage sampling). Include requirements for labeling and 

retaining samples (specify retention time for each sample). A size consist sample must be 

retained for a full seven days.

C.5.1.7 Testing. The quality control plan shall identify or contain the test procedures to 

be used for conducting each test. Table C-II outlines by coal rank, the tests typically performed. 

If testing is contracted to a commercial laboratory, the testing requirements and methods shall be 

outlined in the QCP.

TABLE C-II. Coal Analysis

Analyses Properties Sub-bituminous Bituminous Anthracite

Proximate Analysis (H20, VM, FC,

ash)

Chemical ● ● ●

Ultimate Analysis (C, H, O, N, S, ash) Chemical ● ● ●

Calorific Value (Btus) Chemical ● ● ●

Fixed Carbon Chemical ● ● ●

Ash Content Chemical ● ● ●

Moisture Content Chemical ● ● ●

Volatile Matter Chemical ● ● ●

Sulfur Content Chemical ● ● ●

Grindability (Hardgrove Index) Physical ● ●

Ash Fusibility Physical ● ●

Caking Index Physical ●

Friability Physical ●

Free-swelling Index Physical ●

Size Consist Physical ● ● ●

C.5.1.8 Calibration of Testing and Measuring Equipment. Include procedures in the 

quality control plan for the calibration of testing and measuring equipment, if used at the facility.

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C.5.1.9 Credits and Debits. The quality control plan should identify who will monitor 

the credits and debits for coal contracts.

C.5.1.10 Off-Specification Product/Operational Problems. The quality control plan 

should outline procedures for notification of nonconforming coal or operational problems related 

to using nonconforming coal. Include notification of DLA Energy and SCPs when any problem 

arises, both remedial and preventative type of corrective action. Examples of areas to be 

included are: off- specification product during and after receipt and loss/gain investigations.

C.5.1.11 Product Rejection. Include in the QCP procedures on identifying conditions for 

rejection and notification of DLA Energy. DLA Energy Contracting Officer shall be notified of 

off- specification coal and approve the rejection before it is returned to the contractor.

C.5.2 Ordering and Receiving Procedures. All coal orders are issued and funded by the 

installation. All coal shipments should be inspected when received, before final acceptance. 

Clear and proper inspection procedures are essential, as they show compliance to contract 

requirements and are the basis for accurate analytical results. Proper inspection, sampling and 

testing procedures support coal being rejected and provide supporting evidence for a price 

adjustment claim. These procedures should also be timely because prolonged or delayed 

inspection could cause demurrage costs to accrue against railcars or contractor’s trucks.

C.5.2.1 Documentation. Examine all documentation before offloading (e.g.; weigh bills, 

DD Form 250s or Receiving Reports, analytical test reports).

a. Rail shipment identification. Documentation for rail shipments shall be faxed by the 

contractor directly to the receiving facility, SCP and DLA Energy Offices specified in the 

contract prior to shipment arrival. Rail cars may be separated in transit by the rail company in the 

course of normal business practices; therefore, it is necessary to check each car number against 

the DD 250, or equivalent form, for each shipment. Contractor documentation provided to 

destination should include sufficient information to identify the loaded cars by railcar number, 

quantity loaded, loading source, and consignee on the DD Form 250 or equivalent.

b. Truck shipment identification. Commercial analytical test results for new stockpiles 

shall be faxed to the receiving facility before or concurrent with the first truck delivery from that 

stockpile. Material Inspection and Receiving Reports, DD 250s, or equivalent form, identifying 

truck tickets and weights for each day’s delivery are to be provided to the receiving activity 

within 48 hours after delivery.

c. Source of coal. Receipt documents should identify the required source listed in the 

contract. Coal from another mine may not be substituted except as authorized by contract 

modification. Before an alternate mine is added to the contract, a mine analysis sample should 

be performed to determine the mine’s capability to deliver spec coal. Report the use of 

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unauthorized mines to the contracting officer immediately.

C.5.2.2 Quantity Determination. When quantity is determined by a facility’s weigh scale

and not by railroad weigh bill or truck scale weight, then the scales used shall be calibrated as 

required by state or local requirements, whichever is more stringent.

C.5.2.3 Credits and Debits. Credit and debits are determined based on the analytical test 

report data issued by the Army Petroleum lab. Coal may be regularly and continuously sampled 

by the using facility in accordance with ASTM D2234. The Army Petroleum lab shall analyze 

each sample with respect to the actual tonnage sampled. If the Army analysis report determines 

that any coal delivered does not meet the contractor’s guaranteed specification, the installation 

may apply its rights for credits and debits under contract clauses to include “Sampling and 

Evaluation” and “Consideration for Excess Sulfur and Ash”. If the final determination is a 

debit, then the contractor shall be debited before the closing of the contract. Credits shall not be 

issued. This data should be reported to the contracting officer prior to end of the contract 

(penalties for low ash or high sulfur shall be taken by the contracting officer directly for each 

delivery affected).

C.5.2.4 Shipments After End of Contract. The installation shall not order any coal after 

the contract expiration date. Deliveries of properly placed orders may be accepted up to the last 

day of the month following contract expiration. Note: The Contracting Officer may authorize a 

contractor’s request for acceptance of end-of-contract shipments, provided the installation is in 

agreement.

C.5.2.5 Acceptance/Rejection Log. An acceptance/rejection log is recommended, 

recording all coal shipments accepted or rejected. This will prevent the offloading of over 

shipments after contract completion. The following should be considered when developing a 

tracking system:

a. A method to assure that shipments and shipping notices are being made 

according to the delivery schedule.

b. A schedule that indicates the type of coal and number of rail cars or trucks that are in 

transit. 

c. A record of delays in delivery and demurrage charges. Delays in offloading should 

be documented in detail to support payment of demurrage. Identify actions being taken (e.g. 

receipt sampling, testing), or other actions involved in the demurrage charges.

C.5.3 Inspection Procedures. All coal received is to be inspected and sampled for 

chemical analysis. Sampling techniques should comply with the standards cited in the 

contract for coal sampling methods.

C.5.3.1 Visual Examination. Visual inspections should be simple and thorough. 

They are mostly subjective, for example, examining coal by comparing to previous 

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shipments. Each coal shipment should be visually inspected before unloading to assure 

that:

a. The shipment is free from slate, bone, rocks, sulfur balls, dirt and other foreign

material.

b. The coal is properly prepared, is reasonably free from fines (coal smaller than the 

bottom screen size), oversize coal (coal larger than the top screen size), and is not 

weathered. If the coal does not appear to meet the minimum size requirements, as 

determined by visual examination and the facility wishes to reject the coal, a size-consist 

sample should be collected. The facility may elect to sample for size-consist on a regular or

periodic basis for verification purposes. The size- consist analysis should be performed in 

accordance with C.5.8 below.

c. There is no evidence of loss or theft in transit. During the visual examination assure 

railroad cars were loaded to full capacity. Loss in transit can occur when hopper doors are not 

completely closed during loading, doors are forced ajar during transit, a hole in a car is not 

patched properly, or a hole patch worked loose. Ordinarily loss in transit can be determined by 

a depression in the contour of the coal above or near the holes or openings in the car. Theft 

usually occurs when cars stand for extended periods of time and can be detected by irregular 

appearances in the coal on the top of the car. A record should be kept with all information on 

discrepant shipments received, including car numbers and discrepancy observed. If losses 

appear to be something other than random theft, e.g.: losses occur regularly or from consistent 

locations, then fraud should be considered and reported to the proper authorities for 

investigation.

C.5.4 Sampling General.

C.5.4.1 Personnel. Only personnel who are qualified by obtaining certification in 

accordance with the requirements of section C.4.7 shall collect and prepare the coal samples for 

official analysis.

C.5.4.2 Sample Preparation. Prepare samples in accordance with ASTM test methods.

C.5.4.3 Sample Containers.

10 Sample containers should be thoroughly clean, dry and 

inspected for foreign matter. Care should be taken to protect the gross sample when storing.

. 10 Note: The use of glass containers for mailing is not permitted

C.5.4.4 Sample Tags. Make complete and correct entries on samples tags regarding 

each sample to assure proper analysis and reporting of the sample submitted. The 

information listed in C.5.4.6 should appear on the sample identification tag.

C.5.4.5 Sample Retention Time. When size consist is in dispute, the screened sample 

should be retained in a protected area for one week from the date the sample test was 

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completed, or for a longer time, as determined by the QAR (the sample shall be available to 

the Contractor and the QAR for inspection).

.

C.5.4.6 Sample Identification for Testing. Proper identification of coal shipments 

and timely submission of coal samples is essential. Inaccurate entries may result in 

preventing the receiving facility from recovering liquidated damages in claim actions for 

product substitution. The following information should be provided:

a. Name and complete mailing address of the facility submitting the 

sample. 

b. Name of the contractor supplying the coal.

c. Contract number.

d. Contract line item number. 

e. Size and kind of coal.

f. Tons represented by the sample.

g. Railroad car, truck, or barge number/s.

h. Name of mine and state where the mine is located.

i. Sample number.

j. Sample can number.

k. Sampling point and ASTM condition used in obtaining sample.

l. Date the coal was delivered.

m. Provide mailing addresses of those who shall receive a copy of the analysis.

n. Special test requested, i.e. Hardgrove Grindability Index.

o. Identification of coal sampler. p. Signature and date signed.

C.5.4.7 Mailing Coal Samples for Chemical Analysis. Package the sample in 

accordance with ASTM test methods. Send samples to the following Army testing facility or 

designated commercial laboratory for analysis:

US Army TARDEC Petroleum 

Laboratory

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BLDG 85-3

U AVENUE

NEW CUMBERLAND PA 17070-5005

C.5.4.7.1 Special Sample. When packaging and mailing “special” coal samples to be 

tested for dry ash or free swelling index include the following:

a. Mark “Special Sample” for dry ash or free swelling index analysis.

b. Include in Remarks: “Coal represented by this sample is subject to rejection”. 

c. Mark the mailing wrapper, “Special Sample”.

d. Forward by air mail.

e. Inform the DLA Energy contracting officer, coordinating with the service control 

point, by telephone or facsimile that the sample was mailed, and provide the sample container 

number. This shall enable the Contracting Officer to expedite the testing of the coal sample.

C.5.5 Sampling for Chemical Analysis. The collection of the gross sample for chemical 

analysis is the single most important function in the process of testing for coal quality and 

payment. Sampling for chemical analysis should occur at time of receipt. Automatic samplers 

in accordance with ASTM D7430, are best for obtaining coal samples due to consistency of 

timing and type of cuts. Coal may also be sampled manually in accordance with ASTM D2234 

with the preferred sampling conditions being either condition A (Stopped-Belt Cut) or condition 

B (Full-Stream Cut). Condition C (Part-Stream Cut) and condition D (Stationary Coal Sampling) 

of ASTM D2234 are considered to be the least reliable methods of sampling coal. If condition C 

or D are called for in the contract, extreme care is needed to assure proper sampling. Table 2 of 

ASTM D2234 should be used when determining increment weight. It is recognized that in some 

cases it is not feasible to use either ASTM D7430 or ASTM D2234 conditions A, B, or C. 

Therefore, the following is provided as a guide in obtaining the samples for chemical analysis.

C.5.5.1Sampling Equipment. All sampling devices should have an opening of at least 

two and one half times larger than the top size of the coal being sampled. The device should be 

capable of retaining the required increment weight and not spill material when the increment is 

withdrawn. Equipment such as a square shovel with built-up metal plates 4 inches (10 mm) high, 

a hand- operated auger, or a powered auger may be used in obtaining coal samples from 

stationary conveyances. The sample device should be capable of collecting the entire increment. 

Post-hole diggers may not provide a representative sample because small particles may escape.

C.5.5.2 Procedures. For obtaining stationary samples, use diagrams and tables in ASTM 

D6883, for rail or trucks shipments (9-Point, Car top Sampling). The sampling guide in ASTM 

D6883 is to be used only when the preferred methods in ASTM D2234, condition “A” condition 

“B” or condition “C” are not feasible. Condition “D” is the least desirable method for the 

collection of a gross sample. The use of this method should only be used when it is required by 

the contract or when sampling conditions A, B, or C is not feasible.

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C.5.6 Sampling for Dry Ash and Free Swelling Index. The gross sample for 

determination of ash and FSI should be obtained by using the methods outlined in ASTM D2234, 

Condition “D”, and ASTM D6883. Samples should be prepared in accordance with ASTM test 

methods.

C.5.7 Sampling for Size Consist. The facility is responsible for performing the sizes 

consist sampling and testing when required at destination for railcars and trucks. Stationary 

sampling of trucks may be performed by activity personnel, provided training and safety 

requirements are met. Sampling for size consist is performed when a visual inspection indicates 

coal exceeds the size requirement in the specification. If the facility does not have properly 

trained personnel or necessary equipment to perform the sampling or testing, the facility may 

contract for this function to an approved coal inspection company. When determining the size 

consists on coal received, use the contract specification requirement.

C.5.7.1 Collection of the size consist sample (9-Point, car-top sampling method). 

Sample should be taken in accordance with figure C-1 below and ASTM D6883. A size consist 

sample should be no less than 453.59 kg (1000 pounds) taken in equal increments, from the nine 

points of each conveyance, representing one shipment of no more than five (5) conveyances, 

received in one day. The sample should be collected, weighed, and then screened without mixing 

or other preparation. The following minimum weights and increments are required for the 

number of cars and/or trucks to be represented by the sample.

Numbers of

Conveyances

Minimum Weight from

Each Point/Conveyance

Total Increment Weight 

from Each Car

1 50.80 kg (112 lbs) 453.59 kg (1000 lbs)

2 25.40 kg (56 lbs) 226.80 kg (500 lbs)

3 17.24 kg (38 lbs) 151.50 kg (334 lbs)

4 12.70 kg (28 lbs) 113.40 kg (250 lbs)

5 10.42 kg (22 lbs) 90.72 kg (200 lbs)

FIGURE C-1. Weights and Increments

a. Lay out three diagonals across the top of each conveyance to be sampled (see figure 

C-2). Remove the top 450 mm (18 inches) of the coal from each of the diagonals to form 

trenches the width of the coal sampling device. Begin at the front corner of the conveyance 

extending diagonally across. Begin the second trench near the center and the third at the rear 

corner. Distribute the spoil over the top of the undisturbed coal where it shall not intrude into the 

sample.

b. Collect equal increments from each of the nine sampling points. As can be seen from 

figure C.2., the sampling points 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 9 are located near the edge of the conveyance.

c. The required minimum weight of each increment is found in the chart above.

d. A shovel meeting ASTM D6883 requirements shall be used. Build up standard flat 

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square shovel with two sides and back plates. Build up should be at least 4 inches (100 mm), 

constructed from metal. Exercise care in taking each increment to keep to a minimum the 

quantity of coal falling from the sides into the bottom of the trench. Each shovel full taken 

without loss of coal is considered an increment.

e. At each point (figure C.2.) proceed as follows:

(1) Trench 1, first sampling point. Retain the first increment for the sample and spoil the 

second. Then alternately retain one increment and spoil one until the predetermined weight of 

coal is collected at point number 1.

(2) Trench 1, second sampling point. Spoil the first increment then retain the second and 

third increment. Then alternately spoil two increments and retain one increment, until the 

predetermined weight is obtained.

(3) Trench 1, third sampling point. Spoil the first two increments, retain the third and 

spoil the next three. Then alternately retain one and spoil three until the predetermined weight is 

collected.

(4) Trench 2, fourth sampling point. Collect as trench 1, third sampling point (see 

above).

(5) Trench 2, fifth sampling point. Collect as trench 1, first sampling point (see above).

(6) Trench 2, sixth sampling point. Collect as trench 1, second sampling point (see 

above).

(7) Trench 3, sampling points 7, 8, and 9. These sample points shall be handled the same 

as trench number 1, sampling points 1, 2, and 3, respectively.

FIGURE C-2. Car Top Sampling

C.5.8 Size-Consist Test Procedures. The sieve analysis should be performed in 

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accordance with ASTM D4749.

C.5.8.1Record of Analysis. For each sieve analysis performed the following information 

should be recorded:

a. Contractor providing the coal.

b. Contract number and contract line item number.

c. Conveyance identification and number/s.

d. Mine name and seam the coal originated from.

e. Method used in obtaining the sample (ASTM D2234).

f. Date the sample was obtained.

g. Date the sieve analysis was performed.

h. Type, kind (round hole or square) and size of screen(s) used, and whether automatic or

manual method was used.

i. Percent of coal remaining on the screen (single-screen coal).

j. Percent of coal remaining on the top screen, percentage of coal passing through the

bottom screen and the total percent between the screens (double-screened coal).

k. Percentage gained or lost.

l. Name of the person performing the sieve analysis.

C.5.8.2Example of Calculation. A sample of one thousand pounds was used to perform 

the sieve analysis. A double-screen analysis was required with a top size of 2′′ and a bottom size 

of 3⁄4′′. One hundred pounds of coal remained on the top screen, and fifty pounds passed through 

the bottom screen after completion of the test. Eight hundred and fifty pounds remained between 

the two screens.

a. Top size percent (weight of coal remaining on top screen) (100 lbs, top screen/1000 

lbs, total sample) x 100 = 10%.

b. Bottom size percent (Weight of Coal Passing through the Bottom Screen) (50 lbs pass 

thru, bottom screen / 1000 lbs, total sample) x 100 = 5%.

C.5.8.3 Testing Accuracy. To ensure the accuracy of the size testing, a gain or loss 

percentage should also be calculated. A gain or loss percentage is the total weight remaining on 

the top screen, plus the total weight remaining on the bottom screen, plus the total weight passing 

through the bottom screen, and divided by the total weight of the sample used to perform the test 

times 100.

a. Gain (Loss) = (total weight of sample (1000 lbs)) minus (100 lbs top + 50 lbs pass

bottom + 840 lbs remaining on bottom screen) / (total weight of sample (1000 lbs)) x 100 = 1%.

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b. If the gain or loss is greater than two percent (2%), the testing tolerance has been 

exceeded and the results are invalid. The test should be repeated after validation of proper testing 

technique.

C.5.9 Rejection of unidentified or non-conforming shipments. Shipments should be 

rejected for any of the following:

a. A discrepancy exists in or between the shipping notices, weigh bills, and contract 

requirements or the DD Form 250/Receiving Report is not received. For example: coal is sent to 

wrong facility; coal is received from the wrong mine or contractor; receipt of an unauthorized 

over shipment; or coal test reports showing non-conforming coal.

b. When visual examination shows non-conforming coal (inherent or foreign matter).

(1) When rejection of coal is based on excessive inherent material (e.g.; slate, bone, dirt, 

rock or other contaminating material that through experience would fail the ash requirement), the 

Contractor may request the facility to obtain a sample and have the sample analyzed for ash 

content. The Contractor should make the request through the Contracting Officer within 48 

hours after the notice of rejection.

(2) When a shipment is rejected based on excessive foreign matter (e.g.; magnetite, 

wood, large sulfur balls, lumps of rock, slate), the facility should immediately advise the 

contracting officer through channels of the rejection. The contracting officer notifies the 

contractor of the rejection. No sample for ash analysis is required for rejections based on foreign 

matter.

(3) When the basis for rejection is excessive oxidized or weathered coal, the Contractor 

may request a sample be obtained and analyzed for FSI, if FSI is required or guaranteed by the 

contract (use the sampling procedures in C.5.6).

(4) When visual examination indicates that a shipment will be rejected for size consist, a 

sample should be obtained and a sieve analysis performed. Guidance for obtaining a sample for 

sieve analysis is found in C.5.7.1 (nine-point method). The nine-point method outlined, along 

with ASTM D4749 should be used as a standard for obtaining the 1,000 pound sample for testing 

for size consist.

c. Coal shipment should be rejected when visual examination shows there is evidence of 

loss or theft in transit that exceeds the tolerances established by the railroad tariff. The facility 

should take action to have the shipment weighed as near to the point of acceptance as possible. 

If railroad scales are not available and the shipment cannot be weighed without delay, any 

excessive back haul or additional freight adjustments should be established by the railroad 

claim agent or other designated individual. All parties involved in the dispute may, by visual 

examination, determine an agreed revised estimated weight to be accepted. As stated earlier, if 

losses appear to be something other

than random theft, e.g., losses occur regularly or from consistent locations, then fraud 

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should be considered and reported to the proper authorities for investigation.

C.5.10 Product rejection procedures. When chemical samples taken during 

offloading are tested and reported as nonconforming, the Contracting Officer shall be 

notified, identifying the failing characteristic, quantity of coal, and location.

C.5.10.1 Notification to Contracting Officer. The facility shall notify the Contracting 

Officer, DLA Energy FEA (Phone: 703-767-8527; FAX: 703-767-8757), DLA Energy BPE 

(Phone: 703-767-8362; FAX: 703-767-8366), and DLA Energy DQA (email QA@dla.mil, 

phone 703-767-8736, or facsimile DSN 312-427-8747). DLA Energy BPE monitors coal 

Product Quality Deficiency Reports (PQDRs). Include the following information:

a. Name of the Contractor 

b. Contract number

c. Quantity of coal in tons awaiting disposition 

d. Date of shipment

e. Status of the shipment

f. Nature of the discrepancy or problem 

g. Point of origin

h. Railroad car or truck numbers

i. Status of any ongoing or planned testing pertaining to the coal shipment, Chemical 

Analysis. 

C.5.10.2 Notification of contractor. The contractor is formally notified of the rejection by 

the contracting officer. The contractor has the right to confirm coal quality or provide missing 

information. The contractor may request acceptance by the Government of nonconforming coal,

referred to as a contract waiver request. The contracting officer shall provide the facility with 

disposition instructions on the rejected coal through required channels in a timely manner.

C.5.10.3 Withdrawal of rejection. If testing shows the coal meets contract specification 

requirements, the facility shall notify the contracting officer, coordinating with the service 

control point, of the results. The contracting officer shall then withdraw the rejection notice, 

notifying the contractor. The receiving facility is responsible for paying any charges associated 

with the delay of offloading the conveyances due to the unsubstantiated rejection. The facility 

should not discuss with the contractor matters regarding nonconforming coal. Negotiations, as 

appropriate, are conducted through the contracting officer.

C.5.11 Evaluation of the Coal. Upon receipt, the U.S. Army TARDEC Petroleum 

Laboratory or contract- designated laboratory shall test and issue an analytical test report of the 

coal sample. These reports are used to evaluate contractor performance. These reports can also 

be used by the facility to compare results received at origin to those received at destination. 

The price paid to the supplier may be adjusted either up or down based upon the test results of 

the sample taken at the destination (see C.5.2.3)

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.

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GOVERNMENT QUALITY SURVEILLANCE OF FUEL

D.1 SCOPE

D.1.1 Scope. This appendix provides general information on the Governments quality 

surveillance program for fuels, lubricants and related products. This appendix is not a mandatory 

part of this Standard. The information contained herein is intended for guidance only.

D.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

D.2.1 This section is not applicable to this appendix.

D.3 DEFINITIONS

D.3.1 The definitions in Section 3 of this Standard apply to this appendix.

D.4 RESPONSIBILITIES

D.4.1 Joint Petroleum Office (JPO). The JPO is responsible in overseas areas for 

ensuring an adequate quality surveillance program is maintained within the unified command. 

Direct communication between DLA Energy and the JPO on all petroleum matters has been 

authorized.

D.4.2 Military Services. The Service having physical possession of the petroleum 

products is responsible for establishing and maintaining a quality surveillance program. The 

Services also establish or furnish minimum usability limits for petroleum products.

D.4.2.1 Non-conforming product. All Service-owned petroleum products exceeding 

allowable specification limits should be reported to the owning military Service Control Point for 

disposition instructions. For nonconforming Defense Working Capital Fund products, the 

Services retain the right of acceptance (see 5.13 for disposition procedures with non-conforming, 

Defense Working Capital Fund product).

D.4.2.2 Service laboratory testing. See Appendix A for a breakdown of Service 

laboratories, their locations, and testing capabilities. For overseas locations, laboratory facilities 

are provided and maintained for the testing of fuels and lubricants in accordance with DLA 

4155.29. The Military Service(s) should identify when laboratory support cannot be provided as 

cited above.

D.4.2.3 Specification development. The Military Services, as engineering support 

activities, develop specifications, or accept specifications developed by other organizations.

D.4.3 Headquarters DLA Energy, its regions and offices. DLA Energy maintains and 

oversees quality control programs to assure product quality is maintained from purchase to 

customer receipt. DLA Energy maintains this Standard in coordination with the technical 

services.

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D.4.3.1 Nonconforming Defense Working Capital Fund product. In addressing 

nonconforming, Defense Working Capital Fund product, the requirements of this Standard 

should be followed. When Defense Working Capital Fund products show deterioration beyond 

specification requirements, DLA Energy DQA or DLA Aviation should be notified, as stated in 

5.13 and 5.14.4. Customers should be notified prior to receiving product when only meeting 

intra-Governmental receipt limits. Service control points determine the acceptability of material 

not meeting intra- Governmental receipt limits.

D.4.3.2 Commercial laboratory facilities for bulk petroleum products. DLA Energy 

contracts for commercial laboratory testing of petroleum products worldwide in accordance with 

the needs of DLA Energy and the Military Service(s).

D.4.3.3 (DLA AVIATION). For packaged products, DLA Aviation maintains and 

oversees quality control programs to assure product quality is maintained from purchase to 

customer receipt.

D.4.3.4 Commercial laboratory facilities for packaged petroleum product. DLA 

Aviation identifies and contracts for commercial laboratory testing of packaged products. The 

Military Service(s) identify to DLA Aviation required testing coverage.

D.4.4 Conflict with service publications. Anyone who has knowledge of a conflict 

between what is in this Standard and any Service technical publication is requested to bring it to 

the attention of DLA Energy DQA/BP. Resolution of these conflicts will be addressed 

individually.

D.4.5 Quality surveillance representative (Government Representative) responsibilities.

The Government Representative responsibilities include the following:

a. Assure that the contractor establishes and maintains an acceptable program for the 

control of quality of petroleum products furnished to or handled for the Government. The 

contract may require a written quality control plan or procedures.

b. Report to the region and the ordering officer at the activity placing the order, any 

information on delays in shipping the product caused by labor strikes, fires, or other conditions 

that result in non- availability of cargo or the inability of the contractor to perform. The reports 

should be made as soon as possible, but no later than the next working day, via telephone, fax, or 

e-mail. 

c. Perform the following, when requested:

(1) Investigate petroleum product reported to be contaminated or causing unsatisfactory 

operation of equipment. The results of any findings given to a using activity are in an advisory 

capacity only.

(2) Participate in pre-award surveys and post-award conferences.

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(3) Monitor/witness the analysis of special samples of products submitted to commercial 

laboratories under contract.

(4) Maintain surveillance over the special blending and compounding of products.

(5) Assist the military supply and transportation offices on pertinent matters.

(6) For issues effecting termination settlement at the facility, ascertain the quality and 

quantity of products on hand, volume of tank bottoms, and numbers of drums.

d. Advise the contracting officer, through appropriate channels, of contractor 

noncompliance with contract provisions in those cases where adequate local correction is not 

possible or failure to report might jeopardize the rights of the Government under the contract.

e. In contracts relating to receipt and storage of products procured for Government use, if 

the contractor does not provide technical personnel to perform laboratory testing, the 

Government Representative may be responsible for performing those tests necessary to assure 

the quality of products received, stored, and shipped at that location. Instructions contained in 

this Standard and DoD 4140.25M should be used.

f. Maintain vigilance over quality and quantity of Government-owned petroleum 

products, containers, and equipment in the possession of contractors.

g. Advise the contracting officer of the date and time a commercial storage tank used to 

store Government-owned product is put into or out of service. Such reports apply to the removal 

of tanks from service for cleaning or repairs as well as initial use of termination of use under a 

contract.

h. Verify inventory process for Government-owned petroleum product. This certifies the 

accuracy of the inventory data and agrees or disagrees in writing with the contractor’s stated 

cause(s) of losses/gains. In the event that the Government Representative’s opinion as to loss 

data is at variance with the statements of the contractor, the Government Representative submits 

his reasons for non-occurrence by letter to the office receiving the report. The Government 

Representative assures, to the extent practicable, that all factual data pertaining to losses are 

included in the stock report or in a separate letter. Certain contracts provide for periodic 

evaluations of contractor performance by the Government Representative. These reports are 

valuable tools in the correction of deficiencies and selection of contractors. Accordingly, such 

reports should factually report any and all significant areas and incidents of poor performance. 

Details relating to losses and accounting of Defense Working Capital Fund products are 

contained in the DoD 4140.25M. There is no Government Representative certification on the 

DD Form 1788, Bulk Petroleum Terminal Report. The results of the periodic Government 

Representative inventory verification is documented with wording from the appropriate contract 

clause and filed with the individual transaction document. These documents are kept at the 

DFSP with a copy forwarded to the cognizant property administrator or accountable activity. 

The Government Representative witnesses the contractor inventories within the time intervals 

listed below. The Government Representative witnesses the contractor’s end-of-month 

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inventories whenever the adequacy of the contractor’s inventory reporting system is questionable 

and continues until the contractor’s system is considered acceptable. The witnessing of the 

inventory and verification of the contractor’s system should be scheduled at different times 

within the intervals provided below with the contractor’s coordination. The following time 

intervals are the minimum, in determining the frequency of inventory verification:

(1) Active DFSP (three or more issues/receipts in six months): witness inventory and 

verify against receipts/issues monthly.

(2) Semi-active DFSP (less than three issues/receipts in six month): witness inventory 

and verify against issues/receipts once each calendar quarter.

(3) Commingled storage (Government-owned product stored with contractor-owned 

product): verify that sufficient inventory is on hand each calendar quarter.

(4) Foreign Government and NATO held storage under memorandums of agreement 

(MOAs) or country-to-country agreements: inventory should be witnessed and verified by the 

Government Representative according to the terms of the agreement.

i. Losses of Government-owned product in the custody of contractors, which are caused 

by accident or mishap, including line breaks, tank overflows, spillage, product contamination, 

and fire, are investigated by the Government Representative, and a detailed factual report is 

provided to the accountable activity and the contracting officer.

j. Government property is subject to loss, damage, or destruction and may be found, 

upon receipt, to differ from the property indicated to have been shipped. In order to assist in the 

preparation of reports of survey, the Government Representative responsible for inspection of

shipments received submits all pertinent information to the designated accountable activity and 

the contracting officer.

k. Certain contracts require the Government Representative to certify the contractor 

invoice for specified services delineated in the contract, e.g.: guard service, laboratory testing 

services, overtime, etc. Since the Government Representative normally is not physically present 

at the facility during the entire period covered by the invoice, a certification as follows should be 

used. “Based on recorded checks made during surveillance of the contractor’s quality program 

and a review of the contractor’s time and attendance records, I certify the contractor’s invoice to 

be true and correct.” Specified service invoices shall comply with contractual requirements 

which are covered under Bulk Services Contract clause G148.05, paragraph b, subparagraph 3.

l. The Government Representative is responsible for developing their own checklists and 

tailoring them to the particular facility.

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m. SF 361, Transportation Discrepancy Report, is prepared by the designated 

accountable activity when Government-owned petroleum and related products, shipped on 

Government bills of lading, are received at a contractor’s facility in an improper condition, and 

such damage, loss, or destruction is attributable to causes incident to shipping. In order to 

facilitate the preparation of this report, the Government Representative responsible for inspection 

at contractor’s facilities receiving shipments submits all pertinent information to the designated 

accountable activity. The Government Representative checks shipments to determine the extent 

of the damage, shortage, and the cause, if possible. Information and documents submitted 

include:

(1) Two true copies of Government bill of lading, including discrepancy notation on the 

reverse side.

(2) Certified true copies of the freight bill or delivery receipt showing any discrepancy 

notation and signature thereon.

(3) A signed statement of the carrier’s local agent (carrier’s inspection report) admitting 

existence of the shortage or damage. It should be noted that this is not an admission of liability.

(4) The receiving Government Representative checks signed statement containing the 

bill of lading number, the number of packages received, the condition of the packages, a record 

of seals on the car or vehicles at origin and destination, and whether applied by shipper or 

carrier, and a statements as to the cause of damage, if known or otherwise a reliable opinion 

based on circumstantial evidence shall be furnished.

n. The Government Representative assists in the development of operating agreements, 

between the Government and the carrier that establish procedures for transportation, 

accountability, and quality control of Government fuel. The instructions applicable to petroleum 

movements via Government-owned multi-product pipeline systems are contained in this 

Standard and departmental instructions.

o. The Government Representative assures that samples of Government-owned 

petroleum products in bulk storage at Government or contractor-operated terminals in CONUS 

are submitted in accordance with this Standard.

p. When Government-owned stock in the custody of a contractor is indicated to be offspecification or projected to deteriorate below specification requirements in the near future, the 

Government Representative forwards copies of the test reports to DLA Energy, ATTN: DLA

Energy DQA; and to the appropriate DLA Energy Region. The reports should clearly indicate 

the product deficiency by appropriate comment on the reports and its relation to any 

recommended disposition action.

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q. Implemented in 1992, process control (formerly in-plant quality evaluation) is used in 

the quality surveillance program to assess the adequacy of contractors’ processes to consistently

meet contractual requirements in storage and laboratory testing contracts. (Note: This does not 

apply to mandatory inspection requirements performed on vessel loadings/discharges, pipeline 

shipments/receipts.) For those contractor facilities whose processes are in control and where no 

customer complaints have been received, the cognizant Government Representative may reduce 

physical oversight at that facility.

r. The Government Representative assists in the reporting and investigation of customer 

complaints or product quality deficiency reports (PQDRs) in a timely manner to DLA Energy

DQA. Basic PQDR information is input into the DLA Energy DQA database (CDC); 

supplemental information is forwarded to DLA Energy DQA. PQDRs are used to evaluate 

contractor performance under best value.

D.5 QUALITY CONTROL PLAN/PROCEDURES.

D.5.1 Quality control plan/procedures. Each fuel handling activity is usually required to 

establish a written quality control plan. Service technical orders, field manuals, and instructions 

fulfill this requirement. For contractors, the contractor usually has the option to provide and 

maintain an inspection system that, as a minimum, incorporates the requirements such as those in 

Q91 (ISO 9001) Quality Systems - Model for Quality Assurance in Design/Development, 

Production Installation, and Servicing. However, the exact requirements for contractor quality 

control plans/procedures appear in the contract and those requirements rather than this appendix 

are what must be followed. If the owning service/contractor chooses to comply with Q91 quality 

system format, then all the specific quality provisions listed below would normally be included 

in the Q91 written quality plan:

D.5.2 Typical contents of a quality control plan/procedures.

a. The existing organization of the service or storage facility is defined, identifying 

points of contact responsible for coordinating all quality control functions within the facility. In 

each key position a person should be appointed, such as laboratory, tank farm, docks, etc., to act 

as point of contact for operations.

b. A quality control plan contains a detailed schematic of the facility. All areas covered 

by the inspection system are marked, such as blending, pipelines, tanks, docks, loading racks, 

laboratories, and all other areas concerning key processes.

c. In the event responsibility for petroleum products has been contracted out, a quality 

control plan assigns a Government Representative to the contractor and includes the

representative’s name, their telephone, pager, and facsimile numbers, to allow contact. 

Notification is made for such operations as: testing, sampling, loading, discharges, or when an 

unscheduled situation arises that might cause a problem in product or service. Notification will 

be in sufficient time, as identified in the quality control plan, to allow the representative to be 

present.

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APPENDIX D

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d. Only competent and properly trained personnel are to be assigned responsibility of 

receiving/storing/releasing, sampling, and testing of Defense Working Capital Fund fuel. 

Established service guidelines or company policy should include an individual training program 

and the training completed should be documented.

e. A quality control plan states how documents will be controlled: A quality control plan 

outlines document distribution time for reporting, document retention time, and projected date 

for the next review and obsolete documents will be removed from the area. Required documents 

include the quality control plan, specifications, test procedures, SOPs, and any other material 

directly affecting the inspection system.

f. A quality control plan describes the procedures used for receiving both product and 

additives. This includes: item specification, quality procedures (receipt and storage), and a 

description of the location and overall receiving operation.

g. A quality control plan describes the procedures used for blending. This includes all 

products and additive injection at all locations.

h. A quality control plan describes the sampling plan. The plan includes as a minimum 

procedures for the following: additives (receipt and storage); tank samples; line samples; 

conveyance samples; and samples to be taken prior, during, and after loading. The plan contains 

the method by which all samples will be labeled and retained. The time of retention is also 

specified for each sample. Sampling is in accordance with the MPMS, Chapter 8, and retention 

times in accordance with this Standard.

i. A quality control plan describes the tests to be conducted on each sample submitted. It 

contains the test procedures for each test. The requirements of Tables VIII and IX are 

incorporated into the plan. The plan specifies where the tests will be conducted. When samples 

are to be shipped for testing, the plan states the quantity, type of container, identification, 

packaging, packing, and mode of shipment to be used.

j. A quality control plan describes the method by which all laboratory and field testing 

and measuring equipment is calibrated in accordance with ISO 10012. For items not covered by 

that publication, the applicable manufacturer’s recommended calibration method(s) are used.

k. A quality control plan includes detailed information on the type of storage and 

handling equipment and procedures to be used. All tanks, lines, valves, manifolds should be 

designed to handle the specified product and be in good repair. The plan includes a description 

of: the use of segregated/common product systems; controls to assure the capability for proper 

gauging, sampling, and draining of water; filtration; circulation; and other process/system used in 

maintaining product integrity during storage and handling.

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228

l. A quality control plan describes the manner by which products will be moved from 

acceptance tanks to the conveyance. Examples of information needed are size of lines, type of 

product in lines, valves to be operated/blocked/blinded, how lines will be packed, etc. The plan 

includes details on how product integrity will be assured immediately before, during, and after 

loading and shipping operations. The plan gives detailed information on the procedures to be 

used to assure line fills meet specification requirements; conveyance inspection criteria prior, 

during, and after loading; completion and distribution of required documentation; and any other 

information deemed necessary.

m. A quality control plan describes how all required records and reports will be prepared 

and maintained. The plan states where, how, when, who, and for how long retained. The 

documents to be covered include, but not limited to, test reports (both additive and product), 

blending records, gauging records, movement records, dock logs, corrective action requests, 

quality/quantity investigations, ullage reports, DD Forms 250 and 250-1 or equivalent form, bills 

of lading, certificates of calibration, manufacturers’ certificates of conformance, and any other 

documents affecting product.

n. A quality control plan describes how the contractor will determine the quantity of 

product and additives received, stored, injected, and shipped. All measurements are made in 

accordance with the MPMS, Chapters: 2 (Tank Gauging), 5 (Metering), 7 (Temperature

Determination), 10 (Sediment and Water), 11 (Physical Properties Data), 12 (Calculation of 

Petroleum Quantities), and 17 (Marine Measurement). Procedures should cover shore facilities 

and conveyances (vessels, trucks, pipelines, etc.) All quantities are determined by use of 

calibrated bobs and tapes, calibrated scales, or calibrated meters.

o. A quality control plan outlines the complete plan of corrective action. This includes 

notification of DLA Energy and DLA Energy Regions when any unscheduled event arises that 

may affect product or service quality or quantity. It includes both remedial and preventative type 

of corrective action. Examples of items to be included (but not limited to) are: off-specification 

product (prior to, during, and after loading / discharge); conveyance rejection; leaks; loss/gain 

investigations, etc.

D.6 NOTES

D.6.1 This section is not applicable to this appendix.

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1 APPENDIX E

230

PRODUCT CHANGE RECORD

E.1 SCOPE

E.1.1 Scope. This appendix provides general guidance on preparing a product change 

record. This appendix is not a mandatory part of this Standard. The information contained herein 

is intended for guidance only.

E.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

E.2.1 This section is not applicable to this appendix.

E.3 DEFINITIONS

E.3.1 The definitions in Section 3 of this Standard apply to this appendix.

E.4 SUGGESTED FORMAT FOR A PRODUCT CHANGE RECORD

E.4.1 Product Change Record. The following information should be included in a 

product change record.

a. Location: Enter the name of terminal or location on line where data is being 

generated.

b. Date: Indicate day, month, and year data was accumulated.

c. From: Indicate name, density (API gravity), and flash (if applicable) of head product.

d. To: Indicate name, density (API gravity), and flash (if applicable) of material 

displacing head product.

e. Pumping rate: Indicate barrels per hour and barrels per minute.

f. Change arrived: Indicate dispatcher’s estimated time of product arrival and actual time 

of first gravity break.

g. Time: Indicate the hour and minute each line sample is taken.

h. API gravity/density: Enter the API gravity/density of each line sample.

i. Tank Number: Enter the number of the tank or tanks receiving the interface (if 

applicable).

j. Flash: Indicate flash point in degrees Celsius (Fahrenheit) (if applicable).

k. BBLS Mix: Indicate increment volume receiving from time of one sample to the next. 

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231

l. Average API Gravity/density: Indicate average API gravity.

m. Average relative density. Indicate the average API Gravity/density converted to 

relative density. Percent displacing product in mix: Enter in this column the results from the 

following formula: (Average relative density of BBLS mix) - (relative density of head product x 

100 (Relative density of displacing product) - (relative density of head product)

n. BBLS Displacing product in mix: Enter in this column the results of the following 

formula: (Percent displacing product in BBLS mix) × (BBLS mix)

o. BBLS head product in mix: Enter in this column the result of the following formula: 

(BBLS Mix) - (BBLS Displacing product in mix)

p. Gravity change: Enter in this column the result of the following formula: (Average 

relative density of BBLS MIX) - (Relative density of head product)

E.4.2 Example of product change record. The product change record illustrates typical 

entries. An example of a minute increment calculation is as follows:

a. Head product is gasoline with 66.1 API gravity and 0.7161 relative density.

b. Displacing product is fuel oil with 41.4 API Gravity and 0.8184 relative density. c. 

Flow rate is 2025 barrels per hour or 33.74 BBLS per minute.

d. Calculation:

(1) Sample at 0809 (14 minutes): API: 45.9, Sp Gr: 0.7976

(2) Barrels mix at 0809 (14 minutes) is 33.8.

(3) Average gravity of volume increments at 0808 (13 minutes) at 0809 (14 minutes) is 

an API gravity of 47.2 API, or density of 0.7918.

(4) Example: Percent displacing product in mix would be: (0.7918 Average relative 

density of BBLS Mix) - 0.7161(relative density of head product) ×100 = 73.99% of mix (0.8184 

Relative density of displacing product) – (0.7161relative density of head product)

(5) Example: BBLS Displacing product in mix would be: (73.99% displacing product of 

fuel oil mix) × (33.8 BBLS mix) = 8.8 head product (gasoline) in mix

(6) Example: BBLS head product in mix would be: (33.8 BBLSs mix) - (25.0 BBLS 

displacing product fuel oil) = 8.8 BBLS head product (gasoline) in mix

(7) Similar data should be calculated for each increment of change. The cumulative 

totals of each product are then added and inserted at bottom of applicable columns of the work 

sheet (see figure E-1.).

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1 APPENDIX E

232

E.5 NOTES

E.5.1 This section is not applicable to this appendix.

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1 APPENDIX E

233

Time

API Gravity

Tank No.

Flash

Bbls Mix

Average API 

Gravity

Average 

relative density

% FO in

Mixture

Bbls FO in

Mixture

Bbls MOGAS

in Mix

QTY Change

LOCATION: 7:55 66.1

PRODUCT: MOGAS

API GRAVITY: 66.1

RELATIVE DENSITY:

0.7161

FLASH: N/A

TO

PRODUCT: FUEL OIL 

API GRAVITY: 41.4

RELATIVE DENSITY:

0.8184

FLASH: N/A

PUMPING RATE: 

BARRELS PER HOUR:

2025

BARRELS/MINUTE:

33.75

CHANGE ARRIVED: 

DISPATCHER EST:

0750 HRS

FIRST BREAK: 7:57 

a.m.

7:57 65.9 67.5 66.0 0.7165 0.39 0.27 67.2 0.0004

7:58 65.8 33.8 65.9 0.7158 0.68 0.23 33.6 0.0007

7:59 65.7 33.8 65.8 0.7172 1.07 0.36 33.4 0.0011

8:00 65.2 33.8 65.5 0.7183 2.15 0.73 33.1 0.0022

8:01 64.7 33.8 65.0 0.7201 3.91 1.3 32.5 0.0040

8:02 63.8 33.8 64.3 0.7227 6.45 2.2 31.4 0.0066

8:04 61.7 67.5 62.8 0.7283 11.93 8.1 59.4 0.0122

8:05 58.2 33.8 60.0 0.7389 22.29 7.5 26.3 0.0228

8:06 54.1 33.8 56.2 0.7539 36.95 12.5 21.3 0.0378

8:07 50.3 33.8 52.2 0.7703 52.98 17.9 15.9 0.0542

8:08 48.5 33.8 49.4 0.7822 64.61 21.8 12.0 0.0661

8:09 45.9 33.8 47.2 0.7918 74.0 25.0 8.8 0.0757

8:10 44.2 33.8 45.1 0.8012 83.19 28.2 5.6 0.0851

8:11 43.4 33.8 43.8 0.8072 89.05 30.1 3.7 0.0911

8:12 43.2 33.8 43.3 0.8095 91.30 30.9 2.9 0.0934

8:13 42.3 33.8 42.8 0.8118 93.55 31.6 2.2 0.0957

8:14 42.2 33.8 42.3 0.8142 95.89 32.4 1.4 0.0981

8:15 42.0 33.8 42.1 0.8151 96.77 32.7 1.1 0.0990

8:16 41.4 33.6 41.7 0.8170 98.63 33.3 0.5 0.1009

8:18 41.4 67.5

8:20 41.4 67.5

FIGURE E-1. Sample calculation product change record

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APPENDIX F

235

PETROLEUM SAMPLE CHAIN OF CUSTODY DOCUMENT

F.1 SCOPE

F.1.1 Scope. This appendix provides the examples of page 1 and page 2 of the Chain of 

Custody Document recommended for tracking sample history and transfer of custody. See 

figures F-1 and F-2. This appendix is not a mandatory part of this Standard. The information 

contained herein is intended for guidance only.

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APPENDIX F

236

FIGURE F-1. Chain of Custody Document

COC DOCUMENT NUMBER

RECEIVING ACTIVITY LOCATION

NAME, GRADE AND TITLE OF PERSON FROM WHOM RECEIVED ADDRESS (Include Zip Code)

OWNER

OTHER

LOCATION FROM WHERE OBTAINED REASON OBTAINED TIME/DATE OBTAINED

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

NAME, GRADE OR TITLE NAME, GRADE OR TITLE

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

NAME, GRADE OR TITLE NAME, GRADE OR TITLE

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

NAME, GRADE OR TITLE NAME, GRADE OR TITLE

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

NAME, GRADE OR TITLE NAME, GRADE OR TITLE

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

NAME, GRADE OR TITLE NAME, GRADE OR TITLE

Page 1

RELEASED BY RECEIVED BY 

NO. QUANTITY

NO.

(Include product, seal numbers, final destination, condition and unusual marks or scratches)

OF CUSTODY

PURPOSE OF CHANGE

CHAIN OF CUSTODY

ITEM DATE

PETROLEUM SAMPLE CHAIN OF CUSTODY DOCUMENT

ITEM DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES

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MIL-STD-3004D w/Change 1

APPENDIX F

237

CHAIN OF CUSTODY

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

NAME, GRADE OR TITLE NAME, GRADE OR TITLE

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

NAME, GRADE OR TITLE NAME, GRADE OR TITLE

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

NAME, GRADE OR TITLE NAME, GRADE OR TITLE

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

NAME, GRADE OR TITLE NAME, GRADE OR TITLE

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

NAME, GRADE OR TITLE NAME, GRADE OR TITLE

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

NAME, GRADE OR TITLE NAME, GRADE OR TITLE

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

NAME, GRADE OR TITLE NAME, GRADE OR TITLE

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

NAME, GRADE OR TITLE NAME, GRADE OR TITLE

RELEASED TO OWNER OR OTHER (Name/Unit)

DESTROY

OTHER (Specify)

ITEM(S) ON THIS DOCUMENT, PETAINING TO THE INVESTIGATION INVOLVING

(IS) (ARE) NO LONGER

(Grade)

(Name) (Organization)

REQUIRED AS EVIDENCE AND MAY BE DISPOSED OF AS INDICATED ABOVE. (If article(s) must be retained, do not sign, but explain in separate

correspondence.)

(Typed/Printed Name, Grade, Title) (Signature) (Date)

THE ARTICLE(S) LISTED AT ITEM NUMBER(S) (WAS) (WERE) DESTORYED BY THE EVIDENCE

CUSTODIAN, IN MY PRESENCE, ON THE DATE INDICATED ABOVE.

(Typed/Printed Name, Organization) (Signature)

Petroleum Sample Chain of Custody Document - Page 2

FINIAL DISPOSITION ACTION

FINIAL DISPOSITION AUTHORIY

WITNESS TO DESTRUCTION OF EVIDENCE

OF CUSTODY

PURPOSE OF CHANGE

NO.

ITEM DATE

RELEASED BY RECEIVED BY 

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INDEX

238

PARAGRAPH PAGE

Acceptable fuel 5.11.4 86

Acceptance (definition list) 3.1.1 17

Acronyms and abbreviations used in this Standard 3.2 31

ACS (acronym list) 3.2 31

Additional references 6.5 108

Additional Testing 5.14.3.8 100

Additive injection/mixing 5.13.7.3 96

Additives (definition list) 3.1.2 17

Additives, receipt and injection 5.8 67

After delivery / before departure (tank cars/trucks) 5.4.1.1 63

After discharge 5.3.2.4 62

Aviation In-Plane Reimbursement Card (AIR card) 5.6.1 65

All level sample 4.2.1.4.1 35

Alternate test methods 4.2.2.5.1 41

 5.14.3.6 100

Appearance (definition list) 3.1.4 17

Applicability 1.2 1

ASSIST (definition list) 3.1.5 17

ASSIST (acronym list) 3.2 31

Automatic sample 4.2.1.4.13 35

Automotive gasoline 5.12.1.1 87

Automotive spark ignition engine fuel (commercial gasoline) 5.10.4 79

Aviation fuel contamination and quality standards 5.11 84

Aviation Gasoline, NATO F-18 (ASTM D910/100LL)

and Unleaded Aviation Gasoline D7547 5.10.1 76

Aviation Turbine Fuel Additive concentration 5.2.1.10.3 57

B20 3.1.6 17

Ballast (definition list) 3.1.7 17

Barge cargo tanks, minimum preparation requirements Table XXVIII 179

Barge delivery 5.4.2 63

Barrel (definition list) 3.1.8 17

Batch cuts and segregation 5.2.1.7.2 55

Batch/lot samples 4.2.1.4.17 36

BDN (acronym list) 3.2 31

Before receipt (tank cars/trucks) 5.3.2.1 61

Biodiesel (definition list) 3.1.11 18

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PARAGRAPH PAGE

Blending (definition list) 3.1.13 18

Blending, reclamation 5.13.7.2 96

Bottom Water Sample 4.2.1.4.9 35

Bottom sample 4.2.1.4.8 35

Bulk additives, receipt 5.8.1 67

Bulk petroleum products (definition list) 3.1.14 18

Bulk storage 5.9 68

Bulk tanks, protective treatment 5.9.3.6 71

Bulk tank water restriction 5.9.2 69

Bunkering, after 5.5.3 65

Bunkering, before 5.5.1 63

Bunkering, during 5.5.2 63

Bunkers (definition list) 3.1.15 18

Burner Fuel (definition list) 3.1.16 18

CCAI (acronym list) 3.2 31

Calibrating test equipment 4.2.2.7 42

Calibration (definition list) 3.1.17 18

Capitalization (definition list) 3.1.18 18

Carbon residue on 10% bottoms 5.10.6.5 81

 5.10.7.8 83

Cargo cleaning, required, vessels 5.1.1.3.2 44

Car top sampling (coal) Figure C-2. 216

Cargo Fuel (definition list) 3.1.19 18

Certificate of Conformance (definition list) 3.1.21 19

Certifying statements 5.1.1.2 43

Cetane index B.6 195

Cetane number 5.10.6.1 81

 B.7 195

Cetane number (ignition quality) (F-76) 5.10.7.4 82

Chain of Custody (Samples) 5.13.4 95

Chain of Custody (Document) Appendix F 235

Chain of Custody (Shipping samples) 4.2.1.9 40

Changing product in a storage tank 5.9.3.2 70

 

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INDEX

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PARAGRAPH PAGE

Clean (clear) and bright (definition list) 3.1.22 19

Cleaning of pipelines 5.2.1.6.2 55

Cloud point 5.10.7.7 83

Cloud and pour point B.8 195

Cloudy or hazy fuel 5.11.4.3 87

Coal, receipt and quality surveillance of Appendix C 203

Coal sampling, weights and increments Figure C-1 215

Coalesce (definition list) 3.1.23 19

Color (gasoline, aviation) 5.10.1.2 75

Color (gasoline, automotive F-67) 5.10.3.2 79

Color (F-76) 5.10.6.2 81

Color (Kerosene) 5.10.8.1 83

Color (significance) B.9 195

Commingling (definition list) 3.1.24 19

Commingling with other petroleum products 5.11.3.1 85

Communication copies (disposition) 5.13.3.1 95

Composite sample 4.2.1.4.6 35

Conductivity (definition list) 3.1.25 19

Conductivity 5.10.2.7 78

B.10 196

Conductivity chart Figure B-1 196

Container inspection 5.14.6.2 102

Container sealant 5.9.8.4 74

Container suitability 5.14.6.3 102

Contaminant (definition list) 3.1.22 19

Contaminated pipeline shipment 5.2.1.7.3 56

Contaminated product (definition list) 3.1.27 19

Contaminated product 5.1.3.2 51

Contamination 5.14.6.9 103

Contamination, ground fuel 5.12.2 88

Contamination, fuel quality 5.11.3 84

Contamination, leaking valve 5.9.3.5 71

Contamination, microbial 5.9.2.3 69

Contamination prevention 5.12.2.4 90

Contamination problems 4.2.1.10.1 40

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 PARAGRAPH PAGE

Contamination, sources of 5.9.8 74

Contamination tables Table XXX 182

Contamination tests 4.2.2.1 40

Contamination tests 5.14.3.1 99

Contamination with other fuels (commingling) 5.12.2.1 88

Contamination with sediment 5.12.2.3 89

Contamination with water 5.12.2.2 89

Contamination with water, solids, and microbiological growth 5.11.3.2 85

Continuous sample (definition list) 3.1.28 19

Conversion chart for tank cars and trucks Table XXVI 173

Conveyance composite sample 4.2.1.4.11 35

Corrosion (gasoline, aviation) 5.10.1.4 76

Corrosion (gasoline, automotive, F-67) 5.10.3.4 79

Corrosion (gasoline, automotive, D 4814/A-A-52530) 5.10.4.4 80

Corrosion control (pipelines) 5.2.1.10 56

Corrosion, copper strip B.11 197

Corrosion inhibitors (pipelines) 5.2.1.10.2 57

Corrosives in tanks 5.9.2.1 69

Cracked stock (definition list) 3.1.29 19

Cross Country System (pipeline) 5.2.1.7 55

Dedicated system (definition list) 3.1.30 19

Dehydration (definition list) 3.1.33 20

Density (definition list) 3.1.34 20

Deteriorated product (definition list) 3.1.35 20

Deterioration of products 5.14.7 105

Determination of sediment (solids - pipeline) 5.2.1.10.1 56

Determination of quantity 5.1.4.2 53

Determining factors in Reclamation 5.13.6.1 95

Diesel fuel 5.12.1.2 88

Diesel fuel, biodiesel blend, B20 (ASTM D7467) 5.10.9 84

Diesel, fuel oil (ASTM D975) 5.10.7 82

Discharge (tanker or barge receipts) 5.1.3.3 52

Dispensing from curbside pumps 5.9.7 74

Dispensing fuel, references (pipeline) 5.2.1.8.3 56

 

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PARAGRAPH PAGE

Disposition request procedures (non-conforming product) 5.13.2 91

Disposition procedures 5.14.4 100

Dissolved water (definition list) 3.1.36 20

Distillation (diesel, ASTM D975) 5.10.7.6 83

Distillation (F-76) 5.10.6.4 81

Distillation B.12 197

Documentation (packaged products) 5.14.6.1 102

Documentation C.5.1.4 208

Documentation, offloading C.5.2.1 210

Downgrading (definition list) 3.1.38 20

Downgrading (non-conforming product) 5.13.7.1 96

Drag Reducer Additives (DRA) 5.2.1.11 57

Drain sample 4.2.1.4.7 35

Drum storage (packaged products) 5.14.6.4 102

DWCF (acronym list) 3.2 31

Dyed fuel (diesel) 5.10.7.5 83

Dye, red turbine fuel (contamination) 5.11.4.2 86

Entrained water (definition list) 3.1.40 20

E85 (definition list) 3.1.42 21

Exception non-conforming 5.13.2.1 93

Existent gum (aviation turbine fuel) 5.10.2.1 76

5.10.4.2 80

B.13 197

FAEE (definition list) 3.1.43 21

FAME (definition list) 3.1.44 21

Filtering (definition list) 3.1.45 21

Filtering requirements 5.1.2.4 51

Filter-separator (definition list) 3.1.46 21

Filtration 5.9.5 73

Filtration and water separation, minimum standards Table XXXI 184

Filtration time (aviation turbine fuel) 5.10.2.5 78

B.14 197

Flash point (F-76) 5.10.6.3 81

B.15 197

Flash point (kerosene) 5.10.8.2 83

 

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PARAGRAPH PAGE

Flash point specification (aviation turbine fuel) 5.10.2.4 77

FOB (acronym list) 3.2 31

Free water 5.11.4.1 86

Free water (definition list) 3.1.48 21

Fuel, naval distillate (NATO F-76 MIL-DTL-16884) 5.10.6 81

Fuel oil, diesel (ASTM D975) 5.10.7 82

Fuel quality and fuel contamination 5.11.3 84

Fuel system icing inhibitor (FSII) (aviation turbine fuel) 5.10.2.3 77

Fuel Standardization Policy 5.10.2.9 78

Galvanized containers 5.14.6.7 103

Gaskets and hose connections (truck loading) 5.3.1.2.5 59

Gasohol (definition list) 3.1.51 21

Gasoline and turbine fuel differences 5.11.1 84

Gasoline, automotive, unleaded (F-67) 5.10.3 79

Gasoline, automotive 5.12.1.1 87

Gasoline, automotive tests required Table XIV 136

Gasoline, aviation, NATO F-18 (ASTM D910/100LL and

Unleaded Aviation Gasoline ASTM D7547 5.10.1 75

Gasoline, aviation tests required Table X 133

Gasoline, receipt limits (NATO F-67, and STANAG 7090) Table VI 120

Gauging and sampling JPTS cargo ranks or vessels 4.2.1.10 40

Gauging for water (definition list) 3.1.54 22

Gauging or gaging (definition list) 3.1.53 22

Government Documents 2.2 2

Government-owned property 4.5 42

Greases 5.14.7.3 106

Ground mobility fuel contamination 5.12 87

Ground Mobility Fuels 5.12.1 87

Gum (definition) 3.1.55 22

Gum, existent 5.10.2.2 76

5.10.4.2 80

B.13 197

Handling personnel (bulk storage) 5.9.8.2 74

Homogeneity (definition list) 3.1.49 21

Hydraulic fluids 5.14.7.2 105

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 PARAGRAPH PAGE

Identification of piping system 5.9.3.7 71

Identification of transfers 5.9.9 74

Identification tests (definition list) 3.1.57 22

Inadvertent mixtures (bulk storage) 5.9.8.1 74

Inert gas system (definition list) 3.1.58 22

Injection, after (additives) 5.8.3 68

Injection, during (additives) 5.8.2 68

Innage (definition list) 3.1.59 22

Inspect (definition list) 3.1.60 22

Inspection documents covering tanker and barge loading 5.1.4.3 53

Inspection pre-loading of tankers 5.1.1.4 45

Inspection procedures cargoes 5.1.2.3 50

Inspection, vessel tank inspection 5.1.1.4.2 46

Insulating oils 5.14.7.4 107

Intended use 6.1 107

Interface (definition list) 3.1.61 22

Internal preservation 5.9.6 74

International standard agreements 6.2 107

ISO (acronym list) 3.2 32

Intra-Governmental receipt limit (definition list) 3.1.62 22

Intra-Governmental receipt limit, (Tables I-VII) 5.10 75

Intra-Governmental receipt limits for automotive gasoline Table VII 118

Intra-Governmental receipt limits for aviation turbine fuels Table I 112

Intra-Governmental receipt limits for fuel, naval distillate (F-76) Table III 115

Intra-Governmental receipt limits for fuel oil, diesel Table IV 116

Intra-Governmental receipt limits for fuel oil, diesel (F-54) Table V 116

Intra-Governmental receipt limits for fuel system icing inhibitor Table II 115

Intra-Governmental receipt limits for gasoline, F-67 Unleaded Table VI 117

Invoice/Acquisition procedures 5.7.3 66

Kerosene, F-58 (ASTM D3699) 5.10.8 83

Kerosene, tests required Table XV 138

Knock rating 5.10.1.1 75

Laboratories, military services Appendix A 189

Laboratory reports 5.13.5 95

 

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PARAGRAPH PAGE

Laws, compliance with 4.8 43

Lead content (gasoline, automotive, F-67) 5.10.3.3 79

Lead content (gasoline, automotive, ASTM D4814/A-A-52530) 5.10.4.3 80

Leaking valve contamination (bulk storage) 5.9.3.5 71

Light-ends (definition list) 3.1.63 23

Lines (vessel loading inspection) 5.1.1.6.1 49

Loading procedures for tankers 5.1.1.6 49

Loading line (truck shipment) 5.3.1.2.2 59

Loading plans, vessel 5.1.1.4.4 47

Loading rates 5.1.1.6.2 49

Long-term storage (bulk) 5.9.1 69

Long-term storage (definition lists) 3.1.64 23

Lower sample 4.2.1.4.4 35

Lubricating oils and gear oils 5.14.7.1 105

Lubricity (definition list) 3.1.66 23

Marine Gas Oil (definition list) 3.1.67 23

Marking of boxes and cartons 5.14.6.12 104

Marking of contractor supplied product 5.14.6.13 104

Marking of used drums 5.14.6.14 105

Markings (pipelines),pumps, and valves 5.2.1.3 54

Markings 4.2.1.8.1 39

Markings, field-filled container 5.14.6.11 104

Markings, minimum container 5.14.6.10 103

Material Inspection and Receiving Report

(DD Form 250/250-1) (definition list) 3.1.68 23

Measurement and sampling and calibration 4.7 43

Micron (definition list) 3.1.69 23

Middle sample 4.2.1.4.3 35

Mineral oil (definition list) 3.1.70 23

Minimum frequency for testing long term storage Table VIII 119

Minimum sampling and testing requirements for petroleum

Products Table IX 120

Mixed sample 4.2.1.4.14 35

MPMS Guidelines 5.1.1.1 43

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PARAGRAPH PAGE

Multi-port inspection 5.1.1.4.5 47

Multi-product pipelines 5.2.1.5 54

NATO codes (truck shipment) 5.3.1.2.4 59

Non-conforming product 5.13 91

Non-conforming product (communication copies) 5.13.3.1 95

Non-conforming product (custody requirements) 5.13.4 95

Non-conforming product (disposition request) 5.13.2 91

Non-Government publications 2.3 7

Octane (gasoline, automotive, unleaded, F-67 5.10.3.1 79

Octane (gasoline, automotive, ASTM D4814/A-A-52530) 5.10.4.1 80

Off-specification product (definition list) 3.1.72 23

Order of precedence 2.4 17

Other Government Documents, Drawings, and Publications 2.2.2 6

Outage, or ullage (definition list) 3.1.73 24

Outlet (suction) sample 4.2.1.4.12 35

Oxygenated fuel (definition list) 3.1.74 24

Packaged products 5.14 96

Packaged product (definition list) 3.1.75 24

Packaging and storage of packaged petroleum products 5.14.6 102

Personnel competency 4.1 34

Personnel conducting sampling 4.2.1.2 34

Personnel to conduct sampling (packaged products) 5.14.2.2 97

Pipeline batch (definition list) 3.1.77 24

Pipeline receipts, before receipt 5.2.2.1 58

Pipeline receipts, completion 5.2.2.3 58

Pipeline receipts, during receipt 5.2.2.2 58

Pipeline tender (definition list) 3.1.78 24

Pipeline transfer velocity 5.2.1.5.3 55

Placarding (truck) 5.3.1.2.10 61

Post loading – tankers and barges 5.1.4 53

Pre-award Survey (PAS) 3.1.80 24

Precautions (packaged products) 5.14.2.1 96

Pre-loading and loading inspection 5.1.2.1 49

Pre-loading inspection of tankers 5.1.1.6 49

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INDEX

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 PARAGRAPH PAGE

Pre-loading procedures Shore Tanks 5.1.1.5 48

Pressure drop 5.2.1.10.4 57

Procedures at the loading rack 5.3.1.2.3 59

Product change record Appendix E 230

Product change, sample calculation E.4.2 231

Figure E-1 233

Product compatibility (pipelines) 5.2.1.6.1 55

Product conversion 5.1.2.2 50

Product equilibrium (definition list) 3.1.81 24

Product free fall (truck shipment) 5.3.1.2.7 60

Production identification (multiproduct pipelines) 5.2.1.5.1 54

Product tankage cargo check for quality 5.9.3.3 71

Product receipt (packaged products) 5.14.1 96

Pumping time (pipelines) 5.2.1.5.2 55

Purification 5.13.7.4 96

Qualified Product List (QPL) (definition list) 3.1.84 25

Quality (definition list) 3.1.85 25

Quality and contamination, aviation fuel 5.11.3 84

Quality and quantity determination (vessel movements) 5.1.1.4.6 47

Quality Assurance (QA) (definition list) 3.1.86 25

Quality Assurance Representative (definition list) 3.1.87 25

Quality Control Plan (QCP) 3.1.88 26

Quality fuel deliveries 5.11.2 84

Quality Product Database (QPD) (definition list) 3.1.83 25

Quality Status List (QSL) (definition list) 3.1.90 26

Quality surveillance of fuel, government Appendix D 221

Quality surveillance/quality assurance pipeline procedure 5.2.1.12 57

Quality Surveillance Program (definition list) 3.1.91 26

Quantity, determination of (tankers and barges) 5.1.4.2 53

In-Transit Quantity Variances (tankers) 5.1.1.3.5 45

Receipts of aviation Secured Fuels and support aircraft 5.7 66

Receipt of approved additives and injection 5.8 67

Receipt of turbine fuel approved packaged additives 5.8.1.1 68

Receipts by pipeline 5.2.2 58

Receipts from the bunkering program 5.5 63

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 PARAGRAPH PAGE

Receipts from the into-plane program 5.6 65

Receipts, tanker or barge, completion 5.1.3.4 52

Receipts, tanker or barge, shore side 5.1.3 51

Receipts, tank truck/car 5.3.2 61

Receipts under the posts, camps & stations (PC&S) 5.4 62

Reclamation (definition list) 3.1.93 26

Reclamation techniques 5.13.7 96

Refueling units (into-plane) 5.6.2 66

Regulations and laws, compliance with 4.8 43

Relative density (definition list) 3.1.95 26

Repeatability (definition list) 3.1.97 26

Reproducibility (definition list) 3.1.99 27

Required cargo cleaning 5.1.1.3.2 44

Requiring installation (definition list) 3.1.100 27

Responsibility (packaged products) 5.14.2.3 97

Responsibility (tanker inspection) 5.1.1.3.1 44

Responsibility for off-specification cargo (tanker inspection) 5.1.1.3.6 45

Retained samples 4.2.1.8.3 39

Rubber surface to fuel (bulk storage) 5.9.8.3 74

Safety (truck shipment) 5.3.1.2.1 59

Safety precautions 4.6 43

Sample (definition list) 3.1.102 27

Sample serial numbers 4.2.1.8.2 39

Sample, single tank composite 4.2.1.4.10 35

Sample size, B20 4.2.1.7.5 39

Sample size, E85 4.2.1.7.4 38

Sample size, jet fuel 4.2.1.7.3 38

Sample size, normal 4.2.1.7.1 38

Samples, size of (packaged products) 5.14.2.6 98

Sample size, special 4.2.1.7.2 38

Sample tag 3.1.103 27

Samples, identification of 4.2.1.8 39

Samples, identification of (packaged products) 5.14.2.7 98

Samples, size of 4.2.1.7 38

Samples, taking of 4.2.1.5 36

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 PARAGRAPH PAGE

Samples, types of 4.2.1.4 34

Samples, types of (packaged products) 5.14.2.4 97

Sampling (general requirements) 4.2.1 34

Sampling (packaged products) 5.14.2 96

Sampling and testing, for petroleum products(minimum) Table IX 120

Sampling apparatus, containers, and procedures 4.2.1.5.1 36

Sampling apparatus, containers and procedures (packaged products) 5.14.2.5 97

Sampling, precautions 4.2.1.6 38

Sampling, precautions (general) 4.2.1.1 34

Sampling, responsibility 4.2.1.3 34

Scope 1.1 1

Sealing (tank truck and tank cars) 5.3.1.2.9 60

Sediment in fuel (aviation fuel) 5.11.4.4 87

Segregation (pipeline) 5.2.1.9 56

Segregation during transfer (pipelines) 5.2.1.5.4 55

Segregation of product (bulk storage tanks) 5.9.3.4 71

Segregation of product movements via multi-product pipelines Table XXIX 181

Service and DLA responsibilities, (packaged products) 5.13.3 93

Service/contractor responsibilities 4.2 34

Settling time (definition list) 3.1.104 27

Settling time in tank (bulk storage) 5.9.3.8 72

Shall (definition list) 3.1.106 28

Shelf life (definition list) 3.1.107 28

Shipments by barges and refueling craft 5.1.2 49

Shipments by pipelines 5.2.1 54

Shipments by (tank cars/trucks/tank wagons/tank & trailer) 5.3.1 59

Shipments by tanker 5.1.1 43

Significance of tests Appendix B 194

Specification (definition list) 3.1.109 28

Specification limits (definition list) 3.1.110 28

Specifications (general requirements) 4.3 42

Specifications, Standards, and Handbooks 2.2.1 2

Specific gravity (definition list) 3.1.111 28

Static electricity, control of (aviation turbine fuels) 5.9.4 72

Stock rotation (packaged products) 5.14.6.6 103

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 PARAGRAPH PAGE

Storage of similar products (bulk storage) 5.9.3.1 70

Storage, separate (packaged products) 5.14.6.5 102

Storage, small container (packaged products) 5.14.6.8 103

Storage Stability 5.10.6.6 81

Storage tank (definition list) 3.1.103 27

Storage tanks and piping (bulk storage) 5.9.3 70

Subject terms (key word list) 6.4 107

Suitability to load (tankers) 5.1.1.3.4 45

Super-clean fluid (definition list) 3.1.113 28

Surfactant (definition list) 3.1.114 28

Synthetic petroleum product (definition list) 3.1.115 28

System isolation (pipeline) 5.2.1.7.4 56

Tailoring guidance 6.3 107

Tank car (TC or RTC) (definition list) 3.1.117 28

T-AO Fleet Replenishment Oilers (definition list 3.1.118 28

T-AOE Fast Combat Support Ships (definition list) 3.1.119 29

T-AKE Dry Cargo/Ammunition Ships (definition list) 3.1.120 29

Tanker cargo tanks preparation of Table XXVII 176

Tanker and ocean-going barge inspection policy for vessels 5.1.1.3 44

Tank protective treatment (bulk storage) 5.9.3.6 71

Tariffs and agreements (pipeline) 5.2.1.1 54

Terminal, depot and base system (pipelines) 5.2.1.6 55

Test, alternate methods 4.2.2.5.1 41

Testing (definition list) 3.1.121 29

Testing (general requirements) 4.2.2 40

Testing capabilities (general) 4.2.2.6 42

Testing types (general) 4.2.2.5 41

Testing frequency (long term storage) 4.2.2.3 41

Testing, laboratory (pipeline shipments) 5.2.1.2 54

Testing, minimum (general) 4.2.2.4 41

Testing minimum, (packaged products) 5.14.3.5 99

Testing (packaged products) 5.14.3 99

 

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INDEX

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PARAGRAPH PAGE

Test methods (general) 4.2.2.2 40

Test results, recording (truck shipment) 5.3.1.2.8 60

Tests, identification (pipelines) 5.2.1.4 54

Tests required, Support for Secured Fuels Table XIII 135

Tests required, automotive gasoline Table XIV 136

Tests required, aviation gasoline Table X 133

Tests required, aviation turbine fuels Table XII 134

Tests required, burner fuels Table XVI 139

Tests required, Residual Marine Fuel (RME 180 Grade) Table XVII 140

Tests required, Residual Marine Fuel (RME 380 Grade) Table XVIII 140

Tests required, Marine Gas Oil (DMA Grade) Table XIX 141

Tests required, B20 Table XVa 139

Tests required, diesel fuels and kerosene Table XV 138

Tests required, E85 (ASTM 5798) Table XIVa 137

Tests required, lubrication oils Table XI 133

Tests required, types of (general) 4.2.2.5 41

Thief (definition list) 3.1.122 29

Thirty minute wait (loading vessels) 5.1.1.6.3 49

Tolerance (definition list) 3.1.123 29

Top sample 4.2.1.4.5 35

Transfer lines and pumps for fuels, common. (pipeline) 5.2.1.8 56

Transfer lines and pumps, preferred method (pipeline) 5.2.1.8.1 56

Transfer lines and pumps, use of water displacement (pipeline) 5.2.1.8.2 56

Transmix (definition list) 3.1.124 29

Truck (definition list) 3.1.125 29

Tank Truck (TT)(definition list) 3.1.125.1 29

Tank Wagon (TW)(definition list) 3.1.125.2 30

Truck arrival / before delivery (PC&S) 5.4.1 63

Truck/tank car arrival 5.3.2.2 61

Truck/tank car loading 5.3.1.2 59

Truck/tank car rejection 5.3.2.3 62

Truck/tank car service/conversion 5.3.1.1 59

 

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INDEX

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PARAGRAPH PAGE

Tube or thief sample 4.2.1.4.16 36

Turbine Fuels (definition list) 3.1.126 30

Turbulent flow (pipeline) 5.2.1.7.1 55

Type B-2 tests for greases, semi-fluid lubricants Table XXI 150

Type B-2 tests for hydraulic, brake, and shock absorber fluids Table XXII 157

Type B-2 tests for lubricants (including solid film) Table XXIII 163

Type B-2 tests for lubricating oils Table XX 142

Type B-2 tests for miscellaneous products Table XXV 167

Type B-2 tests for waxes Table XXIV 166

Ullage (definition list) 3.1.127 31

Upper sample 4.2.1.4.2 35

Vapor Pressure (VP) (definition list) 3.1.129 31

Valve and pipeline control 5.2.1.6.3 55

Vehicle tank cleanliness (tank car and truck shipment) 5.3.1.2.6 59

Verification Tests (definition list) 3.1.130 31

Vessel inspection, pre-loading 5.1.1.4.1 45

Vessel pre-discharge inspection (tanker or barge receipts) 5.1.3.1 51

Vessel rejection/delay (tankers) 5.1.1.4.7 48

Vessel samples (post-loading tankers and barges) 5.1.4.1 45

Vessel tank inspection 5.1.1.4.1 45

Vessel Tank / Internal Rust Test 5.1.1.4.3 47

Volatile alkyl lead antiknock (definition list) 3.1.131 31

Vapor Pressure (VP) (aviation turbine fuel) 5.10.2.2 76

VP (gasoline, automotive, automotive, unleaded (F-67)) 5.10.3.5 79

VP (gasoline, automotive, ASTMD4814/A-A-52530) 5.10.4.5 80

VP (gasoline, aviation, F-18) 5.10.1.3 75

Water and sediment (aviation turbine fuel) 5.10.2.6 78

Water and sediment (F-76) 5.10.6.7 82

Water and sediment (gasoline, aviation, F-18) 5.10.1.5 76

Water and sediment control (diesel, D975) 5.10.7.3 82

Waterborne operations 5.1 43

Water removal (non-conforming product) 5.13.7.5 96

Water check frequency (tank) 5.9.2.2 69

Water tolerance (gasoline, automotive, and gasohol

ASTM D4814/A-A-52530) 5.10.4.6 80

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CONCLUDING MATERIAL

253

Custodians: Preparing activity: 

Army – AT DLA – PS

Navy – SA (Project 91GP-2015-004) 

Air Force - 68

Review activities: 

Navy - AS, SH, OS 

Air Force - 11

DLA – GS

NOTE: The activities listed above were interested in this document as of the date of this 

document. Since organizations and responsibilities can change, you should verify the currency 

of the information above using the ASSIST Online database at https://assist.dla.mil/

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