National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention

Tuberculosis in the United States

1993–2019*

National Tuberculosis Surveillance System

Division of Tuberculosis Elimination

*Data updated as of June 10, 2020
2

Progress Towards Tuberculosis (TB) Elimination, 

United States, 1983–2019

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015 2018

Elimination threshold: ~330 cases or <1 case per 1,000,000 population

No. of Cases

26,673 TB cases in 1992

Case Rate: 10.4 per 100,000

8,916 TB cases in 2019

Case Rate: 2.7 per 100,000

Year
Reported TB Cases and Rates 

United States, 1993–2019

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019

Year

 Number of cases

Incidence rate

Cases per 100,000 persons

Number of cases
Total TB Case Rates and

Annual Percent Change in Rate, 2010–2019

-6.0 -6.0

-4.4

-2.4

0.8

-3.7

-2.5

-1.2 -1.7

-6

-4

-2

0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

*Annual percent change in rate based on unrounded data Year Cases per 100,000 persons Annual percent change in rate*

3.6 3.4 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.7

0

1

2

3

4
Reported TB-Related Deaths* and Mortality Rates 

United States, 1993–2018

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

1993 1998 2003 2008 2013 2018

Year

 Number of deaths

 Mortality rate

*National Vital Statistics System Underlying Cause of Death (based on deaths reported through 2018)

Deaths per 100,000 persons

Number of deaths
Majority of TB Cases Occur in Four States, 

United States, 2019

District of 

Columbia

13%

6%

24%

8%
TB incidence rate (per 100,000 persons)

5.3

7.9

7.0

4.0

NJ (3.5)

MD (3.5)

TB Case Rates by Reporting Area 

United States, 2019

District of 

Columbia (3.4)

2.8

2.9

3.9*

*Includes NYC
Map of U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands and Hawaii 

by TB Case Rates*, 2019

Federated States of 

Micronesia

79.8

Marshall Islands

Northern 

Mariana Islands

98.6

American 

Samoa

2.0

Guam 

47.0

Palau

33.3

Hawaii

7.0

*Cases per 100,000 persons
TB Cases and Rates Among U.S.-born versus 

Non-U.S.–born Persons, United States, 1993–2019

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

1993 1998 2003 2008 2013 2018

 U.S.-born cases

Non-U.S.–born cases

 U.S.-born rate

Non-U.S.–born rate

Year

Cases per 100,000 persons

Number of cases
TB Cases by Origin of Birth, 2019

(N=8,905)

29%

71%

U.S.-born 

(Rate: 0.9 per 100,000)

Non-U.S.–born

(Rate: 14.2 per 100,000)

–
Countries of Birth Among Non-U.S.–born Persons 

Reported with TB, United States, 2019 (N=6,364)

39%

3%

4%

6%

8%

9%

12%

19%

Other countries

Honduras

Guatemala

China

Vietnam

India

Philippines

Mexico

Percentage of TB cases among non-U.S.–born persons
Countries of Birth Among Non-U.S.–born Persons 

Reported with TB, United States, 2019 (N=6,364)

Honduras, 3%

Guatemala, 4%

China, 6%

Vietnam, 8%

India, 9%

Philippines, 12%

Mexico, 19%

Other 

countries, 39%
TB Case Rates for Top 10 Countries of Birth*

United States, 2015–2019

48

49

58

64

67

68

72

81

87

144

169

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Cambodia

Other Africa†

Ethiopia

Fed. States of Micronesia

Guinea

Nepal

Bhutan

Myanmar

Somalia

Republic of Congo

Rep. of the Marshall Islands

U.S. Rate/100,000 persons

*The top 10 countries were selected based on their ranked 5-year rate of TB cases by country of birth in the United States. This list of top countries also includes the region of Other Africa. 

†The Other Africa region consists of Angola, Botswana, Central African Republic, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Lesotho, Namibia, Sao Tome & Principe, and Swaziland.
Percentage of TB Cases Among Non-U.S.–born Persons 

by Years Since Initial Arrival in the United States at 

Diagnosis, 2019 (N=6,364)

14%

17%

11%

17%

30%

12%

<1 1–4 5–9 10–19 ≥20 Unknown/

Missing

Percentage of TB cases

Years in the United States
Reported TB Cases by Race/Ethnicity,*

United States, 2010–2019

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Asian Hispanic/Latino

Black/African American White

American Indian/Alaska Native Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander

Multiple race

Year

* All races are non-Hispanic; multiple race indicates two or more races reported for a person but does not include persons of Hispanic/Latino origin. Number of cases
Reported TB Cases by Race/Ethnicity,*

United States, 2019 

(N=8,868)†

Asian

36%

Hispanic/Latino

30%

Black/African 

American

20% White

11%

* All races are non-Hispanic; multiple race indicates two or more races reported for a person but does not include persons of Hispanic/Latino origin. 

† Excludes unknown/missing values 

American Indian/Alaska Native, 1%

Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, 1%

Multiple race, 1%
Reported TB Cases Among U.S.-born Persons by 

Race/Ethnicity,* United States, 2010–2019

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Asian Hispanic/Latino

Black/African American White

American Indian/Alaska Native Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander

Multiple race

Year

* All races are non-Hispanic; multiple race indicates two or more races reported for a person but does not include persons of Hispanic/Latino origin. Number of cases
Reported TB Cases Among Non-U.S.–born Persons by 

Race/Ethnicity,* United States, 2010–2019

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Asian Hispanic/Latino

Black/African American White

American Indian/Alaska Native Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander

Multiple race

Year

* All races are non-Hispanic; multiple race indicates two or more races reported for a person but does not include persons of Hispanic/Latino origin. Number of cases
TB Case Rates by Race/Ethnicity*

, United States, 2010–2019

Cases per 100,000 persons

0

5

10

15

20

25

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

*All races are non-Hispanic; multiple race indicates two or more races reported for a person but does not include persons of Hispanic/Latino origin. 

Native Hawaiian/Other 

Pacific Islander

American Indian/Alaska Native

Asian

Multiple Race

White

Black/African American

Hispanic/Latino
Reported TB Cases by Origin and Race/Ethnicity*, 

United States, 2019†

Non-U.S.–born persons§

(N=6,335)

U.S.-born persons 

(N=2,541)

* All races are non-Hispanic; multiple race indicates two or more races reported for a person but does not include persons of Hispanic/Latino origin.

† Percentages are rounded.

§ American Indian/Alaska Native accounted for <1% of cases among non-U.S.–born persons (not shown).

3%

1%

1%

30%

36%

24%

5%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Native Hawaiian/ 

Pacific Islander

American Indian/ 

Alaska Native

Multiple Race

White

Hispanic/Latino

Black/African 

American

Asian

1%

1%

4%

13%

33%

48%

50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

<1%
Reported TB Cases by Origin and Race/Ethnicity*, 

United States, 2019†

Non-U.S.–born persons§

(N=6,335)

U.S.– born persons

(N=2,541)

* All races are non-Hispanic; multiple race indicates two or more races reported for a person but does not include persons of Hispanic/Latino origin.

† Percentages are rounded.

§ American Indian/Alaska Native accounted for <1% of cases among non-U.S.–born persons (not visible).

3%

1%

1%

30%

36%

24%

5%

Native Hawaiian/ 

Pacific Islander

American Indian/ 

Alaska Native§

Multiple Race

White

Hispanic/Latino

Black/ African 

American

Asian

1%

4% 1%

33% 13%

48%
Reported TB Cases by Age Group, 

United States, 1993–2019

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019

≥65 years

45–64 years

25–44 years

15–24 years

5–14 years

0–4 years

Year

Number of cases
0

5

10

15

20

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019

0–4 years

15–24 years

25–44 years

45–64 years

≥65 years

5–14 years

TB Case Rates by Age Group, 

United States, 1993–2019

Cases per 100,000 persons

Year
Distribution of Sex by Age Group, 

United States, 2019

Males (N=5,361) Females (N=3,555)

62%

65%

56%

56%

49%

50%

80% 60% 40% 20% 0%

38%

35%

44%

44%

51%

50%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80%

0–4 years (N=215)

5–14 years (N=152)

15–24 years (N=850)

25–44 years (N-2,612)

45–64 years (N=2,665)

≥65 years (N=2,422)

Age Group
Pediatric TB Cases by Age Group, 1993–2019

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019

Number of cases

<1 year

1–4 years

5–9 years

10–14 years

Year
Pediatric TB Case Rates by Age Group, 1993–2019

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019

<1 year

1–4 years

5–9 years

10–14 years

Cases per 100,000 persons

Year
Pediatric TB Cases by Age Group, 2019

(N=367)

<1 year

16%

1–4 years

43%

5–9 years

18%

10–14 years

23%
Number of Pediatric TB Cases among U.S.-born and 

Non-U.S.–born* Children, 1993–2019

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019

Number of cases

Non-U.S.–born 

U.S.-born

Year

*Non-U.S.–born refers to persons born outside the United States or its territories or not born to a U.S. citizen
Pediatric TB Case Rates for U.S.-born and 

Non-U.S.–born* Children, 1993–2019

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018

 U.S.-born

Non-U.S.–born

Year

Cases per 100,000 persons

*Non-U.S.–born refers to persons born outside the United States or its territories or not born to a U.S. citizen
Number of U.S. Pediatric TB Cases among U.S.-Born 

Children by Parent/Guardian Status, 2010–2019

0

100

200

300

400

500

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Total No. of Cases

U.S.-born with parents/guardians with unknown origin

U.S.-born with U.S.-born parents/guardians

U.S.-born with Non-U.S.–born parents/guardians*

Year

*At least one parent/guardian was non-U.S.–born
Number of Pediatric TB Cases among U.S.-born

Children by Parent/Guardian Status, 2019 (N=293)

Non-U.S.–born 

parents/guardians*, 60%

U.S.-born 

parents/guardians, 29%

Parents/guardians with 

unknown origin, 11%

*At least one parent/guardian was non-U.S.–born.
Number of U.S. TB Cases 

by Case Verification Criteria, 1993–2019

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019

Number of cases

Positive Culture

Positive NAA* Test

Positive Smear

Clinical Case

Provider Diagnosis

*NAA=nucleic acid amplification Year
Percentage of U.S. TB Cases by Case 

Verification Criteria, 2019 (N=8,916)

Positive Culture, 

80%

Positive NAA* Test, 2%

Positive Smear, <1%

Clinical Case, 13%

Provider Diagnosis, 5%

*NAA=nucleic acid amplification
U.S. TB Cases by Site of Disease, 2019

Pulmonary 

Involvement*

79% Extrapulmonary 

Only

21%

*Any pulmonary involvement which includes cases that are pulmonary only and both pulmonary and extrapulmonary. 

Patients may have more than one disease site but are counted in mutually exclusive categories for surveillance purposes. 

Note: Percentages are rounded.

24%

4%

4%

6%

8%

18%

35%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Other

Meningeal

Genitourinary

Peritoneal

Bone & Joint

Pleural

Lymphatic
0

20

40

60

80

100

1993 1998 2003 2008 2013 2018

Percentage of cases

IRZE† Other 4+ drug regimen Not on a 4+ drug regimen

Year

TB Cases* by Initial Drug Regimen, 

United States, 1993–2019

*Alive at diagnosis

†

IRZE=isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol
Percentage of TB Cases*, by Initial Drug Regimen, 

United States, 2019 (N=8,676)

IRZE†

82%

Other 4+ drug regimen

12%

Not on a 4+ drug regimen

6%

*Alive at diagnosis

†

IRZE=isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol
Mode of Treatment Administration Among Persons 

Reported with TB, United States, 1993–2017*

Percentage of all

treatment modes

†

0

20

40

60

80

100

1993 1997 2001 2005 2009 2013 2017

DOT only DOT + SA SA only

Year DOT=directly observed therapy; SA=self-administered therapy.

* Data available through 2017 only. †Percentage of total cases among persons alive at diagnosis, with an initial regimen of one or more drugs prescribed and 

excluding cases with unknown mode of treatment administration.
Mode of Treatment Administration Among Persons 

Reported with TB*, United States, 2017 (N=8,707)

Directly observed therapy 

(DOT)

61%

DOT + SA

33%

Self-administered therapy (SA) 

6%

*Percentage of total cases among persons alive at diagnosis, with an initial regimen of one or more drugs prescribed and excluding cases with unknown 

mode of treatment administration.
Completion of TB Therapy,

United States, 1993–2017*

*Data available through 2017 only. 

†National goal: for patients with newly diagnosed TB disease for whom ≤12 months of treatment is indicated, 95% complete treatment within 12 months.

0

20

40

60

80

100

1993 1997 2001 2005 2009 2013 2017

Percentage completing therapy

Completed in ≤1 year Completed Did Not Complete

Year

National 

Goal†:

95%
TB Cases by Reason Therapy Stopped, 2017

(N=8,839)

Completed 

Therapy

87%

Did Not Complete 

Therapy

13% 2.0%

0.3%

0.7%

1.2%

1.8%

6.7%

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Other

Adverse Event

Refusal

Lost to Follow-Up

Moved Out of U.S.

Died

*Data available through 2017 only. Among all patients who were alive at diagnosis and started on TB treatment. 

Outcomes for patients who 

did not complete treatment
Isoniazid Resistance Among U.S.-born versus 

Non-U.S.–born Persons, United States, 1993–2019

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019

Number of cases

Year

U.S.-born

Non-U.S.–Born
Cases of MDR TB by History of TB, 

United States, 1993–2019

0%

1%

2%

3%

0

100

200

300

400

500

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019

Number of cases

Year

 No previous TB

 Previous TB

 Percentage MDR with no previous TB*

*Based on initial isolates from persons with no prior history of TB; multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) is defined as resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampin.
HIV Coinfection by Age Among Persons 

Reported with TB, United States, 2011–2019

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Percentage of TB cases

with HIV coinfection

 All ages

Ages 25–44 years

Ages 45–64 years

Year
Selected Risk Factors by Origin of Birth,

United States, 2019

21%

8% 8%

14%

9%

18%

23%

8%

4%

Diabetes mellitus Non-HIV

immunosuppression

Contact with infectious

TB

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

Percentage of TB cases with 

reported risk factor 

Total (N=8,916)

U.S.-born (N=2,541)

Non-U.S.–Born (N=6,364)
TB Cases Among Persons Aged ≥15 with Other 

Selected Risk Factors, 2019

(N=8,549)

2%

3%

5%

Resident of long-term

care facility

Resident of

correctional facility

Experiencing

homelessness

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

8%

9%

10%

Percentage of TB cases
*Correctional facilities include federal prisons, state prisons, local jails, juvenile correctional facilities, other correctional facilities, or unknown type of 

correctional facility.

TB Cases among Residents of Correctional Facilities*,

Aged ≥15, 1993–2019

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019

Percentage of TB cases

Number of cases

Year 

 Number of TB cases

 Percentage of TB cases
Percentage of TB Cases among Residents of Correctional 

Facilities* by Reporting Area, Aged ≥15, 2019

25%

10%

15% 10%

13%

Percentage of cases among residents of correctional facilities

*Correctional facilities include federal prisons, state prisons, local jails, juvenile correctional facilities, other correctional facilities, or unknown type.
TB Cases among Residents of Correctional Facilities 

Aged ≥15 by Type of Facility, 1993–2019

*Includes Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention centers, tribal jails operated by Indian reservations, police lockups 

(temporary holding facilities for person who have not been formally charged in court), military stockades and jails, or federal park facilities

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019

Number of cases

Year

Federal Prison

State Prison

Local Jail

Juvenile Correction Facility

Other*

Unknown
Substance Use Disorder Among TB Patients ≥15 Years, 

United States, 2019 

(N=8,549)

1%

8%

8%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

Injection Drug Use Noninjection Drug Use Excess Alcohol Use

Percent of TB patients aged 

≥15 years
Primary Occupation Among U.S. TB Patients 

Aged ≥15 Years, 2019

(N=8,549)

22%

19%

15%

4% 1%

40%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

Unemployed Retired Not Seeking

Employment

Healthcare

Worker

Migrant

Worker

Correctional

Employee

Other

1% <1%

Percentage of TB Cases

Occupation
Deaths Attributed to TB, 2017*

9% died

Among TB patients 

diagnosed in 2017,

before diagnosis or 

during treatment

1/3 attributed 

to TB

Of those deaths,

* Data available through 2017.
Sputum Culture Conversion, 

United States, 2017* 

(N=5,115)

Documented 

87%

Not 

Documented

12%

19%

17%

1%

4%

7%

16%

36%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Unknown

Other

Refused

Lost to follow-up

Could Not Produce

Sputum Not Collected

Died

Reasons sputum culture 

conversion not documented

* Data available through 2017 only; among patients with a positive sputum culture.
National TB Genotyping Surveillance Coverage*

United States†, 2004–2019

53

68 70

81 82

87 92 94 95 96 97 97 97 97 98 97

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

2004 2007 2010 2013 2016 2019

* The proportion of culture-confirmed TB cases with at least one genotyped isolate.

† Includes 50 states and the District of Columbia.

National 

Goal:

100%

Proportion of culture confirmed 

TB cases genotyped (%)
Definitions for TB Genotyping

in the United States

Initial 12-locus MIRU-VNTR*: 

223325173533

Spoligotype: 

000000000003771

PCRType:

PCR00002

Additional 12-locus 

MIRU-VNTR (MIRU2)†: 

444534423428

+

GENType:

G00010

Sequentially assigned 

for each unique 

spoligotype and initial 

12-locus MIRU-VNTR 

combination

Sequentially assigned for 

each unique spoligotype 

and 24-locus MIRU-VNTR 

combination

* MIRU-VNTR=Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit–variable number tandem repeat.

† The complete set of 24 loci is referred to as 24-locus MIRU-VNTR and is used for U.S. GENType designations.
Number of County-based TB Genotype Clusters* by 

Cluster Size, United States, 2017–2019

* Genotype clusters are defined as two or more cases with matching spoligotype and 24-locus MIRU-VNTR (GENType) 

within a county during the specified 3-year time period.

900

222

95

37 25 21 13 10 28

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10+

Number of clusters

Number of cases in cluster
TB Genotype Clusters by 

TB GIMS* Alert Levels†, United States, 2017–2019

* TB GIMS=Tuberculosis Genotyping Information Management System

† Alert levels are determined by the log likelihood ratio (LLR) statistic for a given cluster, identifying higher than expected geospatial concentrations for a 

TB genotype cluster in a specific county, compared to the national distribution of that genotype; TB GIMS generates alert level notifications based on this 

statistic: “No alert” is indicated if LLR is between 0–<5, “medium” is for LLR of 5–<10 and “high” alert is for clusters with LLR ≥10.

High Alert, 79 (6%)

Medium Alert, 309 (23%)

No Alert, 963 (71%)
Genotyped TB Cases Estimated to be Attributed to 

Recent Transmission, United States, 2018–2019

Recent 

transmission*

12.5% (n=1,703)

Not recent 

transmission§

87.5% (n=11,874)

8.4% 

(n=1,146)

4.1% (n=557)

Limited recent 

transmission 

Extensive recent 

transmission†

* A TB case is designated as attributed to recent transmission if a plausible source case can be identified in a person who i) has the same M. tuberculosis genotype, ii) has 

an infectious form of TB disease, iii) resides within 10 miles of the TB case, iv) is 10 years of age or older, and v) was diagnosed within 2 years before the TB case.

† A TB case is designated as attributed to extensive recent transmission when the criteria above for recent transmission are met, and furthermore the case belongs to a 

plausible transmission chain of six or more cases. Otherwise, the case is designated as attributed to limited recent transmission.

§ Cases not attributed to recent transmission may be misclassified in children <5 years old or indeterminate in persons with a recent U.S. arrival due to limitations of the 

plausible-source case method. 
Genotyped Cases Estimated to be Attributed to Limited and 

Extensive Recent Transmission, United States, 2016–2019

n=625 

(35%)

n=557

(33%)

n=1,162

(65%)

n=1,146

(67%)

0

400

800

1,200

1,600

2,000

2016–2017 2018–2019

Cases Attributed to

Recent Transmission*

n=1,787 n=1,703

* A TB case is designated as attributed to recent transmission if a plausible source case can be identified in a person who i) has the same M. tuberculosis genotype, ii) has an infectious 

form of TB disease, iii) resides within 10 miles of the TB case, iv) is 10 years of age or older, and v) was diagnosed within 2 years before the TB case.

† A TB case is designated as attributed to extensive recent transmission when the criteria above for recent transmission are met, and furthermore the case belongs to a plausible 

transmission chain of six or more cases. Otherwise, the case is designated as attributed to limited recent transmission.

Limited recent transmission 

Extensive recent transmission†
Percentages of TB Cases Estimated to be Attributed and Not 

Attributed to Recent Transmission, by Origin of Birth*, 2018–2019

* Cases with unknown origin of birth not shown (n=11).

† A TB case is designated as attributed to recent transmission if a plausible source case can be identified in a person who i) has the same M. tuberculosis

genotype, ii) has an infectious form of TB disease, iii) resides within 10 miles of the TB case, iv) is 10 years of age or older, and v) was diagnosed within 2 years 

before the TB case.

§ Cases not attributed to recent transmission may be misclassified in children <5 years old or indeterminate in persons with a recent U.S. arrival due to 

limitations of the plausible-source case method. 

24.9% 

(n=952)

75.1% 

(n=2,872)

7.7%

(n=969)

92.3%

(n=739)

Recent Transmission

Not Recent

Transmission 92.3%

(n=8,994)

Non-U.S.–born U.S.-born

†

§

7.7%

(n=748)
Proportion of TB Cases Estimated to be Attributed to Recent 

Transmission and Extensive Recent Transmission for Select 

Race/Ethnicity Groups, United States, 2016–2019

0

10

20

30

40

50

2016-2017 2018-2019

Percent of TB cases

Native Hawaiian/

Pacific Islander

0

10

20

30

40

50

2016-2017 2018-2019

Black, non-Hispanic

0

10

20

30

40

50

2016-2017 2018-2019

American Indian/

Alaska Native

Recent Transmission* Extensive Recent Transmission†

18.6%

(n=24)

4.6%

(n=6)

32.3%

(n=50)

12.3%

(n=19)

20.5%

(n=577)

8.6%

(n=243)

19.7%

(n=521)

7.2%

(n=190)

35.1%

(n=59)

20.2%

(n=34)

40.3%

(n=60)

20.1%

(n=30)

*A TB case is designated as attributed to recent transmission if a plausible source case can be identified in a person who i) has the same M. tuberculosis genotype, ii) has an infectious form of TB disease, iii) resides 

within 10 miles of the TB case, iv) is 10 years of age or older, and v) was diagnosed within 2 years before the TB case.

†A TB case is designated as attributed to extensive recent transmission when the criteria above for recent transmission are met, and furthermore the case belongs to a plausible transmission chain of six or more cases.
Proportion of TB Cases Estimated to be Attributed to Recent 

Transmission and Extensive Recent Transmission for Select 

Race/Ethnicity Groups, United States, 2016–2019

0

10

20

30

40

50

2016-2017 2018-2019

Percent of TB cases

Asian

0

10

20

30

40

50

2016-2017 2018-2019

Hispanic

0

10

20

30

40

50

2016-2017 2018-2019

White, non-Hispanic

Recent Transmission* Extensive Recent Transmission†

7.7%

(n=389) 2.3%

(n=116)

7.4%

(n=372) 2.6%

(n=133)

13.8%

(n=508)

4.1%

(n=152)

12.6%

(n=485)

3.1%

(n=117)

12.5%

(n=208)

4.1%

(n=68)

12.3%

(n=195)

3.9%

(n=62)

*A TB case is designated as attributed to recent transmission if a plausible source case can be identified in a person who i) has the same M. tuberculosis genotype, ii) has an infectious form of TB disease, iii) resides 

within 10 miles of the TB case, iv) is 10 years of age or older, and v) was diagnosed within 2 years before the TB case.

†A TB case is designated as attributed to extensive recent transmission when the criteria above for recent transmission are met, and furthermore the case belongs to a plausible transmission chain of six or more cases.
The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily 

represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Division of Tuberculosis Elimination 

National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 

1600 Clifton Road NE, US 12-4

Atlanta, GA 30329

Phone: 404-639-8120

Internet Address: http://www.cdc.gov/tb/