Table 7A. Alternative Waste Disposal Algorithm: Cost to Haul Waste to Landfill Appendix A

Equation or default

A. Parameters

= $34.29/ton

= 50 miles if incinerator

B. Annual Costs, $/ton

= $0.266/ton-mile x D

= $0.266/ton-mile x D + landfill tip fee

C. Annual Costs (with landfill tip fee), $/yr = Total annual cost x (C x 0.67) x H

Note:

National average incinerator tip fee applied to estimate model costs.

Sources:

1. Landfill tip fee: NSWMA’s 2005 Tip Fee Survey.

Taps Row

Nearest City W/ Landfill Class Distance (Miles)

Prudhoe Bay 1 6

Prudhoe Bay 1 53

Prudhoe Bay 1 94

Anaktuvuk 3 63

Evansville 3 22

Stevens Village 3 22

Minto 3 44

Fairbanks 1 42

Delta Junction 3 9

Delta Junction 3 58

Glennallen 2 9

Gelnnallen 2 61

Valdez 2 0

Average Distance: 37

North Slope Oil and Gas Activity 2008-2009

Nearest City W/ Landfill Class Distance (Miles)

Prudhoe Bay 1 100

Prudhoe Bay 1 45

Prudhoe Bay 1 16

Prudhoe Bay 1 30

Prudhoe Bay 1 13

Prudhoe Bay 1 14

Prudhoe Bay 1 20

Prudhoe Bay 1 59

Prudhoe Bay 1 66

Prudhoe Bay 1 87

Average Distance: 45

Cook Inlet Oil and Gas Activity 2007-2009

Nearest City W/ Landfill Class Distance (Miles)

Beluga 3 13

Beluga 3 2

Tyonek 3 7

Soldonta 1 19

Soldonta 1 12

Soldonta 1 6

Soldonta 1 27

Homer 2 21

Homer 2 8

Average Distance: 13

1. Without landfill tip fee

Parameters/Costs

1. Incinerator capacity, lb/hr (C)

2. Annual operating hours, hr/yr (H)

3. Landfill tip fee (national average), $/ton

4. Distance to Landfill (D)

PS8

2. With landfill tip fee

2. Hauling cost: U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Bureau of 

Transportation Statistics. Table 3-17: Average Freight Revenue Per Ton-mile. Assume 50 mile/trip to reach a landfil from 

incinerator location.

3. Roundtrip distances from remote location to landfill based on twice the overall average from distance tables below.

Station

PS1

PS2

PS3

PS4

PS5

PS6

PS7

For small remote incinerators, a flat rate of $15,000/ton waste disposed was assumed for alternative disposal, based on 

information from public comments.

Kupcake Savant

PS9

PS10

PS11

PS12

VMT

Locations and Distances approximated using "Map 1-2 Land Ownership along 

the TAPS ROW" from U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land 

Management. http://tapseis.anl.gov/documents/docs/feis/volume7/1-2.pdf

Station

Chandler 5 

Indrico

Jacobs Ladder C

Badami B1-39

BCU 19

Dewline #1

North Shore 1

Tofkat 1

Char No. 1

Rendevous 2

Locations and Distances approximated using "North Slope Oil and Gas Activity 

2008-2009" from Alaska Department of Natural Resources Division of Oil and 

Gas. 

http://www.dog.dnr.state.ak.us/oil/products/maps/northslope/2009/NS_OandG_

ActivityMap_2009-05-18.pdf

Station

Ivan River 11-06

BRU 211-26

Lone Creek 4

SRU 211-33

KBU 14-8

Paxton 2

Happy Valley B-12

North Fork 34-26

Locations and Distances approximated using "Cook Inlet Oil and Gas Activity 

2007-2009" from Alaska Department of Natural Resources Division of Oil and 

Gas. 

http://www.dog.dnr.state.ak.us/oil/products/maps/cookinlet/2009/CI_OandG_Acti

vityMap_2009-05-18.pdf
Table 7B. Alternative Waste Disposal Algorithm: Cost to Haul Waste to Municipal Waste Combustor Appendix A

Table 7B. Alternative Waste Disposal Algorithm: Cost to Haul Waste to Municipal Waste Combustor

Parameters/Costs Equation

A. Parameters

1. Incinerator capacity, lb/hr (C)

2. Annual operating hours, hr/yr (H)

3. Incinerator tip fee (national average), $/ton = $61.64/ton

B. Annual Costs, $/ton

1. Without incinerator tip fee = $0.266/ton-mile x 50 miles

2. With incinerator tip fee = $0.266/ton-mile x 50 miles + incinerator tip fee

C. Annual Costs (with incinerator tip fee), $/yr = Total annual cost x (C x 0.67) x H

Note:

National average incinerator tip fee applied to estimate model costs.

Sources:

1. Incinerator tip fee: NSWMA’s 2005 Tip Fee Survey.

2. Hauling cost: U.S. Department of Transportation, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Bureau of Transportation Statistics.

Table 3-17: Average Freight Revenue Per Ton-mile. Assume 50 mile/trip to reach an MWC.
Table 7B. Alternative Waste Disposal Algorithm: Cost to Haul Waste to Municipal Waste Combustor Appendix A

aste Combustor
Table 7C: Alternative Waste Disposal Algorithm: Cost to Segregate Wastes and Landfill fo

FacilityID UnitID Waste 

Segregation

Waste 

Begin Date

Materials Other Metal

AKAlyeskaPumpStation5 35-IN-1 True 07/1977 3,4,5,6,7,8,

All metals excluding 

Municipal Solid Waste

AKBelugaRiver P&S Yard Incinerator True 01/1972 4,5,8,

AKBPExplorationNorthstar Incinerator False

AKChugachElectricBeluga EU No. 9 False

AKCoeur Incinerator True 06/2008 1,2,3,4,5,6, soda cans

AKConocoPhillipsAlpine Incinerator No. 1 False

AKConocoPhillipsAlpine Incinerator No. 2 False

AKCookInletPipeline-DriftRiver

Drift River Terminal 

Incinerator True 01/1973 3,4,5,6,

scrap metal (ex. empty 

spray cans)

AKDonlinGold Incinerator False

AKEniNikaitchuq-OffShore Incinerator False

AKEniNikaitchuq-Operations Incinerator False

AKHeclaGreensCreekJuneau Consumat Incinerator True 06/1905 1,4,5,6,8, scrap metal - steel

AKHilcorpNNA Incinerator False

AKHilcorpSwansonRiver Incinerator False

AKIcicleSeafood EU #7 True 03/2000 4,5,

AKKuparukCentral Production H-250 (EU 35) True 01/1981 2,3,4,5,6,8,

aerosol cans, metal 

cuttings, wire

AKKuparukCentral Production H-347 (EU 36) True 01/1981

aerosol cans, metal 

cuttings, wire

AKMysteryCreekNixonFork Incinerator False

AKPioneerNR I-5 incinerator True 06/2007 2,3,4,5,6,8, metals

AKSavantBadami Incinerator False

AKSumitomoPogo Incinerator No. 1 False

AKSumitomoPogo Incinerator No. 2 False

AKTeckComincoAlaskaIncRedD

ogMine MI-2 True 05/1990 1,4,5,6,8, Mining and milling waste

AKTeckComincoAlaskaIncRedD

ogMine MI-3 True 05/1990 1,4,5,6,8, Mining and mill waste

AKTeckDMTS Port No. 1 False

AKUOCCTradingBay R-H-0800 True 07/2005 2,3,4,5,6, Empty aerosol cans

AKWestMacArthurRiver I-2 True 10/1991 2,4,5,6,7,8, scrap metal, cans

AKXTOEnergy INCINERATOR True 03/2005 2,3,4,5,

1. Data obtained from ICR survey results, where available. Data gaps were filled using the average recycling cost, excluding outlying values for AKKuparukC

2. Assumed 0.7 percent of generated waste stream is nonferrous metal, and that 68.8 percent of nonferrous metal is recovered from the waste stream. Assu

comprises plastics, and that 7.1 pecent of plastics are recovered from the waste stream. Based on "Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Dispo

Figures for 2008" (http://www.epa.gov/waste/nonhaz/municipal/pubs/msw2008data.pdf).

4. The cost per ton of waste diverted was estimated at a flat $15,000. This value is based on a half of the maximum estimate provided by public commenters

3. In order to provide a conservative estimate and to acknowledge that waste at SRI facilities may not reflect the composition of a typical MSW stream in the 

plastics, or 6 percent, in generated waste stream are chlorinated plastics.
conventional methods of transport whereas others may have the maximum cost to transport wastes.
gate Wastes and Landfill for Small Remote Units

Other Chlorine Other Material Disposal Method Recycle 

Cost1

($)

Frequency Annual 

Waste 

(tpy)

Recycle cost/ton of 

annual waste

Refrigerants, Paints, 

Thinners, etc.

Hazardous Waste and 

Construction Materials

Landfill or permitted 

recycle or disposal facility $7,000 year 83 84.84848485

free liquids and 

hazardous waste Managed offsite $1,136 year 35 32.22695035

$20,904 511 40.88674378

$20,904 393 53.16185286

Transported to a recycling 

facility. $8,000 year 456 17.53424658

$20,904 511 40.88674378

$20,904 511 40.88674378

Managed Offsite $19,200 year 82 233.7899543

$20,904 511 40.88674378

$20,904 511 40.88674378

$20,904 511 40.88674378

tires

recyled or open burn 

(cardboard & wood) $40,000 year 187 213.9037433

$20,904 511 40.88674378

$20,904 511 40.88674378

Stored onboard until 

return to Seattle-recycled $7,800 year 265 29.43396226

free liquids, oily waste, 

chemicals & haz. waste

Managed offsite (landfill 

or haz waste facility) $1,417,150 year 4,763 297.5205744

free liquids, oily waste, 

chemicals & haz. waste

Managed offsite (landfill 

or haz waste facility) $1,417,150 year 3,578 396.0289515

$20,904 511 40.88674378

haz waste recycled, land fill $72,000 year 329 219.1780822

$20,904 511 40.88674378

$20,904 511 40.88674378

$20,904 511 40.88674378

Aerosal cans, bulky waste

Some are recycled, some 

are directly landfilled $20,904 1,643 12.72694064

Aerosal cans, bulky waste

Some is recycled, some 

is direct landfilled $20,904 288 72.70956522

$20,904 511 40.88674378

Managed offsite $18,000 year 29 623.3766234

paints, solvents pigging wastes shipped off-site $20,904 26 812.3579131

Approved Disposal $15,000 year 31 480

ost, excluding outlying values for AKKuparukCentral Production units.

metal is recovered from the waste stream. Assumed 12 percent of generated waste stream 

Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in the United States Detailed Tables and 

imum estimate provided by public commenters, since some units may be able to use 

he composition of a typical MSW stream in the lower 48 states, we have assumed 1/2 of 

Total Annual 

Waste that is 

Nonferrous Metal2 

(tpy)

Total Annual 

Recovery of 

Waste that is 

Nonferrous Metal2 

(tpy)

Total Annual 

Waste that is 

Chlorinated 

Plastic2,3 (tpy)

Total Annual 

Recovery of 

Waste that is 

Chlorinated 

Plastic2 (tpy)

Total Extra Cost to 

Recover Additional 

Metals and Plastic 

($/yr)

Cost to transport 

and dispose of 

waste that is 

segregated4 ($/yr)

0.5775 0.39732 4.95 0.35145 $109.92 $11,231.55

0.24675 0.169764 2.115 0.150165 $46.96 $4,798.94

3.578861667 2.462256827 30.67595714 2.177992957 $681.18 $69,603.75

2.7525 1.89372 23.59285714 1.675092857 $523.89 $53,532.19

3.19375 2.1973 27.375 1.943625 $607.88 $62,113.88

3.578861667 2.462256827 30.67595714 2.177992957 $681.18 $69,603.75

3.578861667 2.462256827 30.67595714 2.177992957 $681.18 $69,603.75

0.574875 0.395514 4.9275 0.3498525 $109.42 $11,180.50

3.578861667 2.462256827 30.67595714 2.177992957 $681.18 $69,603.75

3.578861667 2.462256827 30.67595714 2.177992957 $681.18 $69,603.75

3.578861667 2.462256827 30.67595714 2.177992957 $681.18 $69,603.75

1.309 0.900592 11.22 0.79662 $249.15 $25,458.18

3.578861667 2.462256827 30.67595714 2.177992957 $681.18 $69,603.75

3.578861667 2.462256827 30.67595714 2.177992957 $681.18 $69,603.75

1.855 1.27624 15.9 1.1289 $353.07 $36,077.10

33.3424 22.9395712 285.792 20.291232 $6,346.17 $648,462.05

25.0488 17.2335744 214.704 15.243984 $4,767.62 $487,163.38

3.578861667 2.462256827 30.67595714 2.177992957 $681.18 $69,603.75

2.2995 1.582056 19.71 1.39941 $437.67 $44,721.99

3.578861667 2.462256827 30.67595714 2.177992957 $681.18 $69,603.75

3.578861667 2.462256827 30.67595714 2.177992957 $681.18 $69,603.75

3.578861667 2.462256827 30.67595714 2.177992957 $681.18 $69,603.75

11.4975 7.91028 98.55 6.99705 $2,188.36 $223,609.95

2.0125 1.3846 17.25 1.22475 $383.05 $39,140.25

3.578861667 2.462256827 30.67595714 2.177992957 $681.18 $69,603.75

0.202125 0.139062 1.7325 0.1230075 $38.47 $3,931.04

0.1801275 0.12392772 1.54395 0.10962045 $34.28 $3,503.22

0.21875 0.1505 1.875 0.133125 $41.64 $4,254.38

Cost to 

landfill all 

waste4

($/yr)

$1,237,500

$528,750

$7,668,989

$5,898,214

$6,843,750

$7,668,989

$7,668,989

$1,231,875

$7,668,989

$7,668,989

$7,668,989

$2,805,000

$7,668,989

$7,668,989

$3,975,000

$71,448,000

$53,676,000

$7,668,989

$4,927,500

$7,668,989

$7,668,989

$7,668,989

$24,637,500

$4,312,500

$7,668,989

$433,125

$385,988

$468,750
Table 7D. Alternative Waste Disposal Algorithm: Cost to Continue Incinerator Operation (1 of 3) Appendix A

Table 7D. Alternative Waste Disposal Algorithm: Cost to Continue Incinerator Operation

Intermittent Operation

Parameters/Costs Equation/Default Value

A. Model Parameters

 1. Actual Waste Charging Capacity (C) (lb/batch)

 2. Operating hours (hr/yr)

 a. Preheat phase = (hr/yr)*0.04

 b. Burning phase = (hr/yr)*0.54

 c. Burndown phase = (hr/yr)*0.29

 d. Cooldown phase = (hr/yr)*0.14

 3. Operating days (days/yr)

 4. Volumetric flow rate out of secondary chamber (SC) (dscfm)

B. Total Capital Investment (1-sec SC)

 1. Combustor Cost = 1.48*((31.3*C)+32,775)*(368/357.5)

 Total capital investment in 2008 dollars =1.48*((31.3*C)+32,775)*(575.4/357.5)

C. Combustor Annual Operating Costs

 1. Electricity (all for the blowers), $/yr = 

 (effect of low vs high air flow neglected)

 a. hp (0.00203)(C)

 b. Unit cost ($/kwh) 0.06

 c. $/yr = (0.746)(hp)($/kwh)((hr/yr)-(cooldown hr/yr))

 2. Natural Gas

 a. Primary chamber (PC) burner capacity (Btu/hr) = (129.1)*(C)+170,273

 b. SC burner capacity (Btu/hr) = (1,290)*(C)+297,036

 c. Preheat phase

 (1) PC burner utilization rate, % 1

 (2) SC burner utilization rate, % 1

 d. Burning phase

 (1) PC burner utilization rate, % 0

 (2) SC burner utilization rate, % 0.5

 e. Burndown phase

 (1) PC burner utilization rate, % 0.75

 (2) SC burner utilization rate, % 0.9

 f. Cooldown phase

 (1) PC burner utilization rate, % 0

 (2) SC burner utilization rate, % 0

 g. Unit cost ($/1000) 3.5

 h. Heating value (Btu/ft3) 1000

 i. $/Btu 1/1,000,000

 j. Overall PC burner utilization = ((PC preheat rate)*(preheat hr/yr)+(PC burning rate)* (burning hr/yr)+(PC burndown rate)*(burndown hr/yr))/(total hr/yr)

 k. Overall SC burner utilization = ((SC preheat rate)*(preheat hr/yr)+(SC burning rate)*(burning hr/yr)+(SC burndown rate)*(burndown hr/yr))/(total hr/yr)

 l. $/yr = (Btu/hr)(utilization rate)(hr/yr)(3.5)/1,000,000

 3. Water

 a. Unit cost ($/1000 gallons) 0.77

 b. Consumption (gpm) = (C)*(0.75/1000)

 c. $/yr = (gpm)(60min/hr)(burning phase hr/yr)($/1000 gal)

 4. Operating Labor

 a. Burning phase labor (percent) 0.54

 b. Ash removal (hr/day) 1

 c. Wage rate ($/hr) 12

 d. $/yr = ((%)(operating hours)+(ash hr/day)(days/yr))*(wage rate)

 5. Supervisory Labor

 a. $/yr = (0.15)(operating labor)

 6. Maintenance Labor

 a. Labor (hr/8hr) for all operating hours 0.5

 b. Wage rate = (1.1)($12/hr)

 c. $/yr = (hr/8hr)($/hr)(hr/yr)

 7. Maintenance Materials

 a. $/yr = 0.02*TCI

 8. Ash Disposal

 a. Ash (% of waste charge) 0.09

 b. Disposal charge ($/ton) 40

 c. $/yr = (C)(burning phase hr/yr)(ton/2000)(ash %)($/ton)

 9. PC refractory replacement

 a. Assume PC is enclosed in a horizontal cylindrical shell

 b. PC volume (ft3) (PCV) = (0.222)(lb/batch)

 c. L/D ratio 1.5

 d. Internal diameter (PCD) (ft) = ((4*PCV)/(3.1416*1.5))^(1/3)

 e. Internal length (calculated based on ratio of diameter to length) = PCD/0.666

 f. Refractory Thickness (ft) 0.375

 g. Refractory Volume (ft3) = ((3.14)(((PCD/2)+(refractory thickness))2 ((length)+(2*thickness)))-PCV

 h. Unit refractory cost ($/ft3) 130.7

 i. Total refractory cost ($) = (unit cost)*(volume)

 j. Insulation thickness (ft) 0.167

 k. Insulation Volume (ft3)

= ((((PCD/2)+((refractory thickness +insulation thickness)))2 (length + ((refractory thickness +insulation thickness))2(3.14)) - (PCV + 

refractory volume)

 l. Unit Insulation cost ($/ft3) 44.3

 m. Total Insulation cost ($) = insulation volume*insultation cost

 n. Refrac. and Insulat. Replacement Freq. (yr) 8

 o. Capital Recovery Factor (CRF) = (interest*(1+interest)^(ref and ins replacement freq)) / ((1+interest)^((ref and ins replacement freq)-1)

 p. Replacement cost ($/yr) = CRF*(refrac. cost + insulat. cost)

 10. SC refractory replacement

 a. Assume SC for all incinerators is enclosed in a cylindrical shell

 b. Assumed L/D ratio 2

 c. SC volume (ft3) (SCV) = (dscfm/0.9)*(2260/528)*(1sec)*(min/60sec)
Table 7D. Alternative Waste Disposal Algorithm: Cost to Continue Incinerator Operation (2 of 3) Appendix A

Parameters/Costs Equation/Default Value

 d. Internal diameter (ft) (SCD) = ((SCV)*(2)/3.1416)^(1/3)

 e. Internal Length (ft) (L) = (SCV*4)/(3.1416*SCD2

)

 f. Refractory thickness (ft) 0.375

 g. Refractory Volume (ft3) = ((3.14)(((SCD/2)+(refractory thickness))2 ((length)+(2*thickness)))-SCV

 h. Unit refractory cost ($/ft3) 130.7

 i. Total refractory cost ($) = (unit cost)*(volume)

 j. Insulation thickness (ft) 0.167

 k. Insulation Volume (ft3)

= ((((SCD/2)+((refractory thickness +insulation thickness)))2 (length + ((refractory thickness +insulation thickness))2(3.14)) - (SCV + 

refractory volume)

 l. Unit Insulation Cost ($/ft3) 44.3

 m. Total Insulation Cost ($) = insulation volume*insultation cost

 n. Refractory and insulation replacement freq. (yr) 8

 o. Capital Recovery Factor (CRF) = (interest*(1+interest)^(ref and ins replacement freq)) / ((1+interest)^((ref and ins replacement freq)-1)

 p. Replacement cost ($/yr) = CRF*(refrac. cost + insulat. cost)

 12. Overhead

 a. $/yr=(0.6)(all labor and maintenance materials) = (0.6)*(($/r op labor)+($/yr sup labor)+($/yr maint labor) + ($/yr maint materials))

 13. Property Tax, insurance, and administrative expenses.

 a. $/yr = (0.04)(Capital Investment) 

 14. Capital Recovery (Annualized Capital Cost)

 a. Equipment lifetime (yr) 20

 b. Interest rate (%) 10

 c. Capital Recovery Factor = (0.1*(1.1)^lifetime)/((1.1)^(lifetime-1))

 d. Annualized Capital Cost ($/yr), in 1994 dollars = (CRF)(TCI-refractory replacement costs)

 e. Annualized Capital Costs ($/yr), in 2008 dollars = 1994 Annualized Capital Costs*(575.4/368)

D. Annual Costs (Direct and Indirect), in 1998 dollars

 1. Annual Costs (Direct and Indirect), in 2008 dollars administrative expenses (Item C13). Costs updated to 2008 dollars using CE plant cost indices.

E. Total Annual Costs

 1. $/yr=sum of combustor annual costs

 Total annual costs in 2008 dollars

= Summation of Annual Costs (Direct and Indirect) and Capital Recover(Annualized Capital Cost), items C14 and D1. Costs updated to 

2008 dollars using CE plant cost indices.

Batch Operation

Parameters/Costs Equation/Default Value

A. Model Parameters

 1. Actual Waste Charging Capacity (C) (lb/batch) 300

 2. Operating hours (hr/yr)

 a. Preheat phase = (hr/yr)*0.02

 b. Low-air phase = (hr/yr)*0.31

 c. High-air phase = (hr/yr)*0.2

 d. Cooldown phase (blowers on) = (hr/yr)*0.44

 3. Operating days (days/yr)

 4. Volumetric flow rate out of secondary chamber (SC) (dscfm)

B. Total Capital Investment (1-sec SC)

 1. Combustor Cost = 1.48*((31.3*C)+32,775)*(368/357.5)

 Total capital investment in 2008 dollars =1.48*((31.3*C)+32,775)*(575.4/357.5)

C. Combustor Annual Operating Costs

 1. Electricity (all for the blowers), $/yr = 

 (effect of low vs high air flow neglected)

 a. hp (0.00203)(C)

 b. Unit cost ($/kwh) 0.06

 c. $/yr = (0.746)(hp)($/kwh)(hr/yr)

 2. Natural Gas

 a. Primary chamber (PC) burner capacity (Btu/hr) = 1,562*C+474100

 b. SC burner capacity (Btu/hr) = 1,562*C+474100

 c. Preheat phase

 (1) PC burner utilization rate, % 1

 (2) SC burner utilization rate, % 0

 d. Low-air phase

 (1) PC burner utilization rate, % 0.75

 (2) SC burner utilization rate, % 0

 e. High-air phase

 (1) PC burner utilization rate, % 0.9

 (2) SC burner utilization rate, % 0

 f. Unit cost ($/1000)

 g. Heating value (Btu/ft3)

 h. $/Btu 1/1,000,000

 i. Overall PC burner utilization 0.46

 j. Overall SC burner utilization 0

 i. $/yr = (Btu/hr)(utilization rate)(hr/yr)(3.5)/1,000,000

 3. Water

 a. Unit cost ($/1000 gallons) 0.77

 b. Consumption (gpm) 0

 c. $/yr = (gpm)(60min/hr)((low-air hr/yr)+(high-air hr/yr))($/1000 gal)

 4. Operating Labor

 a. Labor (hr/cycle) 1

 b. Ash removal (hr/cycle) 0.5

 c. Wage rate ($/hr) 12

 d. $/yr = (hrs/cycle)(cycle/yr)(wage rate)

Parameters/Costs Equation/Default Value

 5. Supervisory Labor
Table 7D. Alternative Waste Disposal Algorithm: Cost to Continue Incinerator Operation (3 of 3) Appendix A

 a. $/yr = (0.15)(operating labor)

 6. Maintenance Labor

 a. Labor (hr/8hr) for all operating hours 0.5

 b. Wage rate = (1.1)($12/hr)

 c. $/yr = (hr/8hr)($/hr)(hr/yr)

 7. Maintenance Materials

 a. $/yr = 0.02*TCI

 8. Ash Disposal

 a. Ash (% of waste charge) 0.09

 b. Disposal charge ($/ton) 40

 c. $/yr = (lb/batch)(ash %)($/ton)(ton/2000)(cycles/yr)

 9. PC refractory replacement

 a. Assume PC is enclosed in a horizontal cylindrical shell

 b. PC volume (ft3) (PCV) = (0.222)(lb/batch)

 c. L/D ratio 1.5

 d. Internal diameter (PCD) (ft) = ((4*PCV)/(3.1416*1.5))^(1/3)

 e. Internal length (calculated based on ratio of diameter to length) = PCD/0.666

 f. Refractory Thickness (ft) 0.375

 g. Refractory Volume (ft3) = ((3.14)(((PCD/2)+(refractory thickness))2 ((length)+(2*thickness)))-PCV

 h. Unit refractory cost ($/ft3) 130.7

 i. Total refractory cost ($) = (unit cost)*(volume)

 j. Insulation thickness (ft) 0.167

 k. Insulation Volume (ft3)

= ((((PCD/2)+((refractory thickness +insulation thickness)))2 

(length + ((refractory thickness +insulation thickness))2(3.14)) - (PCV + refractory volume)

 l. Unit Insulation cost ($/ft3) 44.3

 m. Total Insulation cost ($) = insulation volume*insultation cost

 n. Refrac. and Insulat. Replacement Freq. (yr) 8

 o. Capital Recovery Factor (CRF)

= (interest*(1+interest)^(ref and ins replacement freq))/

((1+interest)^((ref and ins replacement freq)-1)

 p. Replacement cost ($/yr) = CRF*(refrac. cost + insulat. cost)

 10. SC refractory replacement

 a. Assume SC for all incinerators is enclosed in a cylindrical shell

 b. Assumed L/D ratio 2

 c. SC volume (ft3) (SCV) = (dscfm/0.9)*(2260/528)*(1sec)*(min/60sec)

 d. Internal diameter (ft) (SCD) = ((SCV)*(2)/3.1416)^(1/3)

 e. Internal Length (ft) (L) = (SCV*4)/(3.1416*SCD2

)

 f. Refractory thickness (ft) 0.375

 g. Refractory Volume (ft3) = ((3.14)(((SCD/2)+(refractory thickness))2 ((length)+(2*thickness)))-SCV

 h. Unit refractory cost ($/ft3) 130.7

 i. Total refractory cost ($) = (unit cost)*(volume)

 j. Insulation thickness (ft) 0.167

 k. Insulation Volume (ft3)

= ((((SCD/2)+((refractory thickness +insulation thickness)))2 

(length + ((refractory thickness +insulation thickness))2(3.14)) - 

(SCV + refractory volume)

 l. Unit Insulation Cost ($/ft3) 44.3

 m. Total Insulation Cost ($) = insulation volume*insultation cost

 n. Refractory and insulation replacement freq. (yr) 8

 o. Capital Recovery Factor (CRF)

= (interest*(1+interest)^(ref and ins replacement freq))/

((1+interest)^((ref and ins replacement freq)-1)

 p. Replacement cost ($/yr) = CRF*(refrac. cost + insulat. cost)

 12. Overhead

 a. $/yr=(0.6)(all labor and maintenance materials)

= (0.6)*(($/r op labor)+($/yr sup labor)+($/yr maint labor)+

($/yr maint materials))

 13. Property Tax, insurance, and administrative expenses.

 a. $/yr = (0.04)(Capital Investment) 

 14. Capital Recovery (Annualized Capital Cost)

 a. Equipment lifetime (yr) 20

 b. Interest rate (%) 7

 c. Capital Recovery Factor = (0.07*(1.07)^lifetime)/((1.07)^(lifetime-1))

 d. Annualized Capital Cost ($/yr), in 1994 dollars = (CRF)(TCI-refractory replacement costs)

 e. Annualized Capital Costs ($/yr), in 2008 dollars = 1994 Annualized Capital Costs*(575.4/368)

D. Annual Costs (Direct and Indirect), in 1998 dollars

 1. Annual Costs (Direct and Indirect), in 2008 dollars

= Summation of Operations and Maintenance (O&M)

(Items C1 through C11), overhead (Item C12), property taxes, insurance, and administrative expenses (Item C13). Costs updated to 2008 

dollars using CE plant cost indices.

E. Total Annual Costs

 1. $/yr=sum of combustor annual costs

 Total annual costs in 2008 dollars

= Summation of Annual Costs (Direct and Indirect) and Capital Recover(Annualized Capital Cost), items C14 and D1. Costs updated to 

2008 dollars using CE plant cost indices.