Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring 

Report-Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, 

O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Latitude: 21°22’15”N

Longitude: 157°53’33”W

DOH Facility ID No. 9-102271

DOH Release ID No. 99051, 010011, 020028

March 2012

Department of the Navy

Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Hawai‘i

400 Marshall Road

JBPHH HI 96860-3139

Environmental Technical Services

Contract Number N62742-08-D-1930, CTO HC21

Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring 

Report-Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, 

O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Latitude: 21°22’15”N

Longitude: 157°53’33”W

DOH Facility ID No. 9-102271

DOH Release ID No. 99051, 010011, 020028

March 2012

Prepared for:

Department of Navy

Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Hawai‘i

400 Marshall Road

JBPHH HI 96860-3139

Prepared by:

Environet, Inc.

650 Iwilei Road, Suite 204

Honolulu, HI 96817-5318

Prepared under:

Environmental Technical Services

Contract Number N62742-08-D-1930, CTO HC21

Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Table of Contents

March 2012

i

Table of Contents

List of Acronyms........................................................................................................................... iii

Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................v

Section 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1-1

1.1 Project Objective.............................................................................................................. 1-1

1.2 Background...................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.2.1 Site Description....................................................................................................... 1-2

1.2.2 Facility Information ................................................................................................ 1-2

1.2.3 UST Information..................................................................................................... 1-5

1.2.4 Regulatory Updates................................................................................................. 1-5

1.3 Previous Reports.............................................................................................................. 1-6

Section 2 Monitoring Activities.................................................................................................. 2-1

2.1 Groundwater Gauging...................................................................................................... 2-1

2.2 Groundwater Sampling .................................................................................................... 2-1

2.2.1 Monitoring Well Purging........................................................................................ 2-1

2.2.2 Groundwater Sample Collection............................................................................. 2-1

2.2.3 Sample Management and Shipment........................................................................ 2-2

2.3 Analytical Program.......................................................................................................... 2-2

2.4 Field Quality Control Samples......................................................................................... 2-2

2.5 Laboratory Quality Control Samples............................................................................... 2-2

2.6 Equipment Decontamination ........................................................................................... 2-3

2.7 Investigation-Derived Waste Management...................................................................... 2-3

Section 3 Groundwater Analytical Results ................................................................................ 3-1

3.1 Summary of Groundwater Analytical Results................................................................. 3-1

3.1.1 Data Quality Control Results.................................................................................. 3-1

3.2 Groundwater Contaminant Trend .................................................................................... 3-1

Section 4 Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations....................................................... 4-1

4.1 Summary.......................................................................................................................... 4-1

4.2 Conclusions...................................................................................................................... 4-1

4.3 Recommendations............................................................................................................ 4-2

Section 5 References................................................................................................................... 5-1

Tables

Table 1-1: Outside Monitoring Well Information ...................................................................... 1-5

Table 3-1: Analytical Results for Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring-Outside (Non-Tunnel) 

Wells, January 2012 .................................................................................................. 3-3

Table 3-2: Field QC Results-Outside Wells, January 2012........................................................ 3-5

Table 3-3: Historical and Current Groundwater Sample Analytical Results, August 2009 

through January 2012 ................................................................................................ 3-7
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Table of Contents

March 2012

ii

Figures

Figure 1-1: Groundwater Monitoring Well Location Map......................................................... 1-3

Appendices

Appendix A: DOH Correspondence 

Appendix B: Field Notebook

Appendix C: Groundwater Sampling Logs

Appendix D: Laboratory Analytical Results, January 2012 (on CD-ROM)
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

List of Acronyms

March 2012

iii

List of Acronyms

μg/L micrograms per liter

% percent

amsl above mean sea level

bTOC below top of casing

COPC chemical of potential concern

CTO Contract Task Order

DL detection limit or method detection limit (MDL)

DLNR Department of Land and Natural Resources

DOH State of Hawai‘i Department of Health

DON Department of the Navy

DRO diesel range organics

EAL Environmental Action Level

EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

F-76 marine diesel fuel

FLC Fleet Logistics Center

GRO gasoline range organics

HAR Hawai‘i Administrative Rules

IDW investigation-derived waste

J Estimated result. Indicates that the compound was identified but the 

concentration was above the DL and below the LOQ.

JBPHH Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam

JP Jet Propellant

LOD limit of detection

LOQ limit of quantitation or reporting limit (RL)

MS matrix spike

MSD matrix spike duplicate

NA not available

NAVFAC Naval Facilities Engineering Command

NAVSUP United States Naval Supply Systems Command

ND not detected

PAHs polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

pH hydrogen activity

PHWS Pearl Harbor Water System

PPE personal protective equipment

Q data qualifier

QC quality control

RHSF Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility

RPD relative percent difference

TEC The Environmental Company, Inc.

TPH total petroleum hydrocarbons

U Indicates the compound or analyte was analyzed for but not detected. 

The result is reported as ND.

U.S. United States

USGS United States Geological Survey

UST underground storage tank

VOC volatile organic compound
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

List of Acronyms

March 2012

iv

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Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Executive Summary

March 2012

v

Executive Summary

There are 18 active and two inactive, 12.5 million gallon capacity, field-constructed underground 

storage tanks (USTs) located at the Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility (RHSF). Previous 

environmental site investigations indicated a release had occurred and contaminated the 

groundwater underlying the RHSF.

The United States (U.S.) Navy implemented a groundwater monitoring program, which includes 

collecting quarterly groundwater samples from U.S. Navy Well 2254-01 (RHMW2254-01) and 

four groundwater monitoring wells (RHMW01, RHMW02, RHMW03, and RHMW05) installed 

in the RHSF lower access tunnel. The U.S. Navy Well 2254-01 is located approximately 3,000 

feet downgradient from the RHSF and provides approximately 24 percent (%) of the potable 

water to the Pearl Harbor Water System (PHWS). The groundwater samples are analyzed for 

petroleum constituents and compared against State of Hawai‘i Department of Health (DOH) 

Drinking Water Environmental Action Levels (EALs) (DOH, 2009).

In response to increasing concentrations of chemicals of potential concern (COPCs) in the 

groundwater monitoring wells within the facility (specifically RHMW02) during 2008, plans 

were made to conduct four quarterly monitoring events starting in August 2009 and ending in 

April 2010 at the following outside (non-tunnel) monitoring well locations:

• RHMW04;

• Oily Waste Disposal Facility Monitoring Well 01 (OWDFMW01); and

• Hālawa Deep Well 2253-03 (HDMW2253-03).

The four consecutive quarterly monitoring events indicated that all COPC concentrations were 

below the EALs for samples collected at monitoring well RHMW04. In January 2010,

concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) diesel range organics (DRO) were above 

the EALs at OWDFMW01 and HDMW2253-03. As a result, quarterly monitoring was 

discontinued at RHMW04 and continued at the two remaining outside monitoring wells. This 

groundwater monitoring report presents the analytical results for samples collected on January 

24, 2012 at the two outside monitoring wells (OWDFMW01 and HDMW2253-03).

Laboratory analytical results indicate that all COPC concentrations during the January 2012

monitoring event were below the EALs. Dissolved lead was detected at estimated concentrations

of 0.20 μg/L in monitoring well OWDFMW01, and 0.19 micrograms per liter (μg/L) in 

monitoring well HDMW2253-03. Benzene was detected at an estimated concentration of 0.70

μg/L in monitoring well OWDFMW01. All other COPCs were not detected at or above the 

limits of detection (LODs) or the limits of quantitation (LOQs). LODs and LOQs were below 

the EALs for all the COPCs. In the case where an EAL for a specific COPC is less than the 

LOQ, it is generally acceptable to consider the LOQ in place of the EAL (DOH, 2009). The 

results of this groundwater monitoring event indicate that concentrations of COPCs detected 

within the facility are not impacting these two outside monitoring wells.
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Executive Summary

March 2012

vi

All COPC concentrations have been below the EALs for six and eight consecutive quarterly 

monitoring events for samples collected at monitoring wells OWDFMW01 and HDMW2253-03, 

respectively. Reduced frequency of sampling from quarterly to annual groundwater monitoring 

of both monitoring wells is recommended.
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 1

Introduction

March 2012

1-1

Section 1 Introduction

This report presents the results of the January 2012 quarterly groundwater monitoring event at 

the two outside monitoring wells (OWDFMW01 and HDMW2253-03) at the RHSF, Joint Base 

Pearl Harbor-Hickam (JBPHH), O‘ahu, Hawai‘i (Figure 1-1). The groundwater monitoring was 

performed by Environet for the Department of the Navy (DON), Naval Facilities Engineering 

Command (NAVFAC) Hawai‘i under Environmental Technical Services, Contract Number 

N62742-08-D-1930, Contract Task Order (CTO) HC21.

This groundwater monitoring event is considered supplemental to the quarterly groundwater 

monitoring program conducted within the tunnels of the RHSF. This supplemental groundwater 

monitoring was conducted in response to increasing concentrations of COPCs in a groundwater 

monitoring well within the RHSF, specifically RHMW02, during the October 2008 groundwater 

monitoring event. The field activities performed for the January 2012 quarterly groundwater 

monitoring event were conducted in accordance with the procedures described in the Work Plan, 

Long-Term Monitoring, Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, Pearl Harbor, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i 

(Environet, 2010).

1.1 Project Objective

The groundwater monitoring was performed to evaluate the presence of COPCs in groundwater 

surrounding the RHSF. The groundwater monitoring was conducted to ensure that the DON

remains in compliance with DOH UST release response requirements as described in Hawai‘i 

Administrative Rules (HAR) 11-281 Subchapter 7, Release Response Action.

1.2 Background

The U.S. Navy implemented a groundwater monitoring program, which includes collecting 

quarterly groundwater samples from U.S. Navy Well 2254-01 (RHMW2254-01) and four

groundwater monitoring wells (RHMW01, RHMW02, RHMW03, and RHMW05) installed in 

the RHSF lower access tunnel. The U.S. Navy Well 2254-01 is located approximately 3,000 feet 

downgradient from the RHSF and provides approximately 24% of the potable water to the 

PHWS. The groundwater samples are analyzed for petroleum constituents and compared against

DOH Drinking Water EALs (DOH, 2009).

In response to increasing concentrations of COPCs in the groundwater monitoring wells within 

the facility (specifically RHMW02) during 2008, plans were made to conduct four quarterly 

monitoring events starting in August 2009 and ending in April 2010 at the following outside 

(non-tunnel) monitoring well locations:

• RHMW04; 

• Oily Waste Disposal Facility Monitoring Well 01 (OWDFMW01); and

• Hālawa Deep Well 2253-03 (HDMW2253-03).
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 1

Introduction

March 2012

1-2

The four consecutive quarterly monitoring events indicated that all COPC concentrations were 

below the EALs for samples collected at monitoring well RHMW04. In January 2010 

concentrations of TPH-DRO were above the EALs at OWDFMW01 and HDMW2253-03. As a 

result, quarterly monitoring was discontinued at RHMW04 and continued at the two remaining 

outside monitoring wells. This groundwater monitoring report presents the analytical results for 

samples collected on January 24, 2012 at the two outside monitoring wells (OWDFMW01 and

HDMW2253-03). The following sections provide a description of the site and information on 

the RHSF and USTs.

1.2.1 Site Description

The RHSF is located on the island of O‘ahu, Hawai‘i, approximately 2.5 miles northeast of Pearl 

Harbor in Hālawa Heights (Figure 1-1). Land adjacent to the north of the RHSF is occupied by 

the Hālawa Correctional Facility and private businesses. Land to the south and west of the 

facility includes the Coast Guard Reservation and other residential neighborhoods. Moanalua 

Valley is located east of the facility (Environet, 2010).

The Navy Public Works Department operates a potable water infiltration tunnel approximately 

1,550 feet hydraulically downgradient from the RHSF (Environet, 2010). The U.S. Navy Well 

2254-01 is located approximately 3,000 feet downgradient (west) of the RHSF and provides 

approximately 24% of the potable water to the PHWS, which serves approximately 52,200 

military consumers (The Environmental Company, Inc. (TEC), 2008).

1.2.2 Facility Information

The RHSF consists of 18 active and two inactive USTs operated by the United States Naval 

Supply Systems Command (NAVSUP) Fleet Logistics Center (FLC) Pearl Harbor. Each UST 

has a capacity of 12.5 million gallons. The RHSF is located approximately 100 feet above the 

basal aquifer (Dawson Group, Inc., 2006).

In 2002, the U.S. Navy installed a groundwater monitoring well (RHMW01) into the basal 

aquifer, directly down-gradient from the RHSF, within the lower access tunnel. Groundwater 

samples from this well indicated that petroleum from the RHSF has migrated to the basal aquifer 

(AMEC Earth and Environmental, Inc., 2002). In 2005, the U.S. Navy began quarterly 

monitoring of the aquifer to protect their down-gradient drinking water resource associated with 

the U.S. Navy Well 2254-01.

By September 2005, the U.S. Navy had installed two more groundwater monitoring wells 

(RHMW02 and RHMW03) within the RHSF UST system, a groundwater monitoring well 

(RHMW04) north of the RHSF (adjacent to the U.S. Navy Firing Range), and a groundwater 

monitoring well within the U.S. Navy Well 2254-01 infiltration gallery (RHMW2254-01). Since 

2005, RHMW01, RHMW02, RHMW03, and RHMW2254-01 have been sampled quarterly for 

TPH-DRO, TPH-gasoline range organics (GRO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and dissolved lead.

Due to increasing concentrations of COPCs at the groundwater monitoring wells within the 

RHSF (specifically RHMW02) during 2008, response measures were warranted. In April 2009, 

another groundwater monitoring well (RHMW05) was installed within the lower access tunnel 
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Figure 1-1

Groundwater Monitoring Well

Location Map

LEGEND

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USGS, 2005

SOURCE

Pearl Harbor

Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring

Report-Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells,

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility,

JBPHH, Kuahua, O'ahu, Hawai'i
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 1

Introduction

March 2012

1-4

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Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 1

Introduction

March 2012

1-5

between RHMW01 and RHMW2254-01. It was installed to identify the extent of contaminant 

migration in groundwater before it reaches the infiltration gallery at RHMW2254-01.

Additionally, plans were made to sample three monitoring wells surrounding and outside of 

RHSF: RHMW04, OWDFMW01, and HDMW2253-03 (Figure 1-1 and Table 1-1). RHMW04 

was installed to evaluate groundwater within the basal aquifer upgradient from RHSF. 

OWDFMW01 (originally known as MW08) was installed into the basal aquifer in 1998 for a 

Phase II Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study for the Red Hill Oily Waste Disposal Facility 

(Earth Tech, Inc., 2000). It is located geographically down-gradient of the USTs and U.S. Navy 

Well 2254-01. HDMW2253-03 is controlled by the State of Hawai‘i Commission on Water 

Resource Management. HDMW2253-03 is located between the RHSF and the municipal 

drinking water supply well which is operated by the City and County of Honolulu Board of 

Water Supply (Hālawa Shaft Pumping Station 2354-01) (Figure 1-1).

Table 1-1: Outside Monitoring Well Information

Groundwater 

Monitoring Well

bTOC Elevation 

(feet amsl)

Depth to Water 

(feet bTOC)

Total Depth of Well 

(feet)

RHMW04 313.03 --- 320

OWDFMW01 138.94 120.02 142.8

HDMW2253-03 225 207. 60* 1,575

Notes:

*Depth to water provided by the Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) on January 24, 2012.

--- Depth to water was not gauged at RHMW04 on January 24, 2012 because it is no longer a part of the sampling program.

amsl - above mean sea level

bTOC - below top of casing

1.2.3 UST Information

The USTs were constructed in the early 1940s. The tanks were constructed of steel and currently 

contain Jet Propellant (JP)-5 fuel, JP-8, and marine diesel fuel (F-76). Previously, several tanks 

stored Navy Special Fuel Oil, Navy Distillate, aviation gasoline, and motor gasoline. Each tank 

measures approximately 245 feet in height and 100 feet in diameter. The upper domes of the 

tanks lie at depths varying between approximately 100 feet and 200 feet below the existing 

ground surface (TEC, 2006).

1.2.4 Regulatory Updates

During the summer and fall of 2008, DOH updated their EALs, which resulted in significant 

changes to the action levels associated with methylnaphthalenes. The drinking water toxicity 

EAL for these compounds was 240 μg/L. This concentration presumed that methylnaphthalenes 

were non-carcinogenic. Evidence that they are human carcinogens has now been accepted by the 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). As a result, DOH adopted more rigorous EALs 

of 4.7 μg/L for 1-methylnaphthalene and 24 μg/L for 2-methylnaphthalene, corresponding to a 

residential tap water scenario, and a one in a million cancer risk (DOH, 2009). Also, the 

drinking water EAL for naphthalene was increased from 6.2 μg/L to 17 μg/L (DOH, 2009). 

Finally, the DOH Drinking Water EAL for TPH-DRO was increased from 100 μg/L to 210 μg/L, 

although the DOH Groundwater Gross Contamination EAL for TPH-DRO remains 100 μg/L.
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 1

Introduction

March 2012

1-6

1.3 Previous Reports

The following groundwater monitoring reports were previously submitted to the DOH for the 

groundwater monitoring wells within the RHSF:

1. Groundwater Sampling Report, First Quarter 2005 (submitted April 2005);

2. Groundwater Sampling Report, Second Quarter 2005 (submitted August 2005);

3. Groundwater Sampling Report, Third Quarter 2005 (submitted November 2005);

4. Groundwater Sampling Report, Fourth Quarter 2005 (submitted February 2006);

5. Groundwater Monitoring Results, July 2006 (submitted September 2006);

6. Groundwater Monitoring Results, December 2006 (submitted January 2007);

7. Groundwater Monitoring Results, March 2007 (submitted May 2007);

8. Groundwater Monitoring Results, June 2007 (submitted August 2007);

9. Groundwater Monitoring Results, September 2007 (submitted October 2007);

10. Groundwater Monitoring Results, January 2008 (submitted March 2008);

11. Groundwater Monitoring Results, April 2008 (submitted May 2008);

12. Groundwater Monitoring Results, July 2008 (submitted October 2008);

13. Groundwater Monitoring Results, October and December 2008 (submitted 

February 2009);

14. Groundwater Monitoring Results, February 2009 (submitted May 2009);

15. Groundwater Monitoring Results, May 2009 (submitted July 2009);

16. Groundwater Monitoring Results, July 2009 (submitted September 2009);

17. Groundwater Monitoring Results, October 2009 (submitted December 2009);

18. Groundwater Monitoring Results, January, February, and March 2010 (submitted 

April 2010);

19. Groundwater Monitoring Results, April 2010 (submitted May 2010); 

20. Groundwater Monitoring Results, July 2010 (submitted August 2010);

21. Groundwater Monitoring Results, October 2010 (submitted December 2010);

22. Groundwater Monitoring Results, January 2011 (submitted March 2011);

23. Groundwater Monitoring Results, April 2011 (submitted June 2011); 

24. Groundwater Monitoring Results, July 2011 (submitted September 2011); and

25. Groundwater Monitoring Results, October 2011 (submitted December 2011).
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 1

Introduction

March 2012

1-7

The following groundwater monitoring reports were previously submitted to the DOH for the 

groundwater monitoring wells outside the RHSF:

1. Groundwater Monitoring Results, August 2009 (submitted September 2009);

2. Groundwater Monitoring Results, October 2009 (submitted December 2009);

3. Groundwater Monitoring Results, January 2010 (submitted April 2010);

4. Groundwater Monitoring Results, April 2010 (submitted May 2010); 

5. Groundwater Monitoring Results, July 2010 (submitted August 2010); 

6. Groundwater Monitoring Results, October 2010 (submitted December 2010);

7. Groundwater Monitoring Results, January 2011 (submitted March 2011);

8. Groundwater Monitoring Results, April 2011 (submitted June 2011); 

9. Groundwater Monitoring Results, July 2011 (submitted September 2011); and

10. Groundwater Monitoring Results, October 2011 (submitted December 2011).
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 1

Introduction

March 2012

1-8

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Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 2

Monitoring Activities

March 2012

2-1

Section 2 Monitoring Activities

Groundwater monitoring was conducted on January 24, 2012 in accordance with the site specific

Work Plan (Environet, 2010). Field activities were documented in the field notebook

(Appendix B).

2.1 Groundwater Gauging

Groundwater gauging measurements were taken at the two monitoring wells (OWDFMW01 and 

HDMW2253-03) prior to purging and sample collection. A Solinst water level meter was used 

to measure the depth to groundwater (to the nearest 0.01 foot) within monitoring well 

OWDFMW01, according to the procedures described in Procedure I-C-3, Monitoring Well 

Sampling (DON, 2007). The depth to groundwater for monitoring well HDMW2253-03 was 

measured by a Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) employee prior to well 

purging (Table 1-1).

2.2 Groundwater Sampling

Groundwater samples were collected from the two monitoring wells according to the procedures 

described in Procedure I-C-3, Monitoring Well Sampling (DON, 2007).

2.2.1 Monitoring Well Purging

Due to the well construction characteristics of OWDFMW01 (total depth of 142.8 feet below top 

of casing (bTOC)) and HDMW2253-03 (large casing diameter of approximately 12 inches from 

the top of casing to approximately 50 feet below the groundwater surface, and the well is open 

[not cased] from approximately 50 feet bTOC to 1,575 feet bTOC), three well casing volumes 

were not purged prior to sampling. Instead, water was purged using disposable bailers until three 

or more successive water quality parameter measurements had stabilized within 10%. A Horiba® 

U-22 multi-parameter water quality meter was used to measure hydrogen activity (pH), 

temperature, specific conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and oxidation reduction 

potential. Readings were recorded on Groundwater Sampling Log data sheets (Appendix C).

2.2.2 Groundwater Sample Collection

Groundwater samples were collected from OWDFMW01 using four-inch and two-inch 

disposable bailers directly into laboratory provided, specially cleaned sample containers.

Groundwater samples were collected from HDMW2253-03 using a four-inch double stop 

disposable bailer directly into laboratory provided, specially cleaned sample containers. Due to 

the well construction characteristics of HDMW2253-03, a grab sample was collected at a depth 

below the solid casing (which extends about 50 feet below the water table) and within the 

open-holed portion of the well. Dissolved lead samples collected from HDMW2253-03 required 

laboratory filtration due to the doublestop bailer required to collect the sample.
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 2

Monitoring Activities

March 2012

2-2

2.2.3 Sample Management and Shipment

Each sample container sent to the laboratory was assigned a project-specific chain of custody 

identification number and a descriptive identification number. The sample identifiers provided 

specific data unique to each sample and were entered into the field notebook. The samples were 

labeled according to the procedures described in Procedure III-E, Record Keeping, Sample 

Labeling, and Chain-of-Custody (DON, 2007).

Following sample collection and labeling, the sample containers were packaged with bubble

wrap and placed into individual ZipLoc bags, then immediately into insulated coolers with ice 

for preservation. The samples were shipped via FedEx to the laboratory on the same day of 

collection. The samples were managed under standard chain of custody protocol and 

documentation from collection to delivery to the laboratory. Sample handling, storage, and 

transport were performed according to the requirements described in Procedure III-F, Sample 

Handling, Storage, and Shipping (DON, 2007).

2.3 Analytical Program

During the January 2012 groundwater monitoring event, two sets of primary groundwater 

samples, one set of duplicate groundwater samples, and one set of quality control (QC) 

groundwater samples were submitted to APPL, Inc. located in Clovis, California. Groundwater 

samples were analyzed for VOCs and TPH-GRO by EPA Method 8260B, TPH-DRO by EPA 

Method 8015B, PAHs by EPA Method 8270D SIM, and dissolved lead by EPA Method 6020.

The results of the laboratory analyses are presented and discussed in Section 3.

2.4 Field Quality Control Samples 

Field QC procedures were followed to ensure viability and integrity of sample analytical data. 

Field duplicates were collected according to the procedures described in Procedure III-B, Field 

QC Samples (Water, Soil) (DON, 2007) and the Work Plan (Environet, 2010). Field duplicate 

samples were collected at a minimum of 10% of primary samples and analyzed for the same 

COPCs. Field rinsate samples were not required since disposable bailers were used.

2.5 Laboratory Quality Control Samples 

Laboratory QC samples were analyzed as part of the standard laboratory QC protocols as 

presented in the Work Plan (Environet, 2010). Laboratory QC for the groundwater monitoring 

event consisted of matrix spike (MS)/matrix spike duplicate (MSD) samples for organic analysis. 

Laboratory QC samples were collected and analyzed according to the procedures described in 

Procedure III-A Laboratory QC Samples (Water, Soil) (DON, 2007). Laboratory QC MS/MSD 

samples are an aliquot (i.e., a subset) of the field sample; they are not separate samples, but a 

special designation of an existing sample. Laboratory QC MS/MSD samples were analyzed for 

the same constituents as the standard samples. At a minimum, one MS/MSD sample pair was 

required per 20 samples, including duplicates.
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 2

Monitoring Activities

March 2012

2-3

2.6 Equipment Decontamination 

Decontamination of monitoring equipment was performed to ensure data quality, to prevent 

cross contamination, and to prevent the potential introduction of contaminants into previously 

un-impacted areas. Decontamination of monitoring equipment (i.e., Solinst water level meter 

and Horiba® U-22 water quality meter) was conducted between monitoring locations according 

to the procedures described in Procedure I-F, Equipment Decontamination (DON, 2007). 

Decontamination water generated at monitoring well OWDFMW01 was disposed of in the 

RHSF’s lower tunnel oil/water separator sump.

2.7 Investigation-Derived Waste Management 

Investigation-derived waste (IDW) was managed in accordance with the procedures described in 

Procedure I-A-6, IDW Management (DON, 2007). The various potential waste streams included 

the following: 

 personal protective equipment (PPE) including: nitrile gloves, etc.; 

 liquids including: equipment rinse water and purged groundwater; and

 disposable sampling equipment and supplies, including: bailers, poly sheeting, etc.

Equipment rinse water and purge water from OWDFMW01 was disposed of in the RHSF’s 

lower tunnel oil/water separator sump. Purge water from monitoring well HDMW2253-03 was 

disposed of in the surrounding grass (as directed by DLNR) since it was of drinking water 

quality. Spent PPE and non-contaminated sample jars and bottles (acid free) were disposed of on 

a daily basis as solid waste.
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 2

Monitoring Activities

March 2012

2-4

This page is intentionally left blank.

 
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 3

Groundwater Analytical Results

March 2012

3-1

Section 3 Groundwater Analytical Results

This section provides a summary of analytical results for groundwater samples collected from 

the two outside monitoring wells on January 24, 2012. Complete analytical laboratory reports 

are provided in Appendix D.

3.1 Summary of Groundwater Analytical Results

OWDFMW01

Dissolved lead was detected in OWDFMW01 at an estimated concentration of 0.20 μg/L which 

is below the Drinking Water EAL (15 μg/L) and the Gross Contamination EAL (5,000 μg/L)

(Table 3-1, Table 3-2). Benzene was detected in monitoring well OWDFMW01 at an estimated 

concentration of 0.70 μg/L which is below the Drinking Water EAL (5 μg/L) and the Gross 

Contamination EAL (170 μg/L).

No other COPCs were detected at or above the LODs and LOQs in OWDFMW01. All LODs 

and LOQs were generally below the EALs. In the case where an EAL for a specific COPC is 

less than the LOQ, it is generally acceptable to consider the LOQ in place of the EAL (DOH, 

2009).

HDMW2253-03

Dissolved lead was detected in monitoring well HDMW2253-03 at an estimated concentration of 

0.19 μg/L which is below the Drinking Water EAL (15 μg/L) and the Gross Contamination EAL 

(5,000 μg/L) (Table 3-1). No other COPCs were detected at or above the LODs and LOQs in 

HDMW2253-03. All LODs and LOQs were generally below the EALs. In the case where an 

EAL for a specific COPC is less than the LOQ, it is generally acceptable to consider the LOQ in 

place of the EAL (DOH, 2009).

3.1.1 Data Quality Control Results

The laboratory quality control results were all within the control limits. The relative percent 

difference (RPD) of field duplicates for all analytes were within the 50% criteria except lead. 

The trip blank that accompanied the outside well samples did not contain detectable levels of any 

COPCs except for methylene chloride that was detected at an estimated concentration. The 

detection of methylene chloride in the trip blank does not affect the quality control process as the 

estimated detection level is well below the Drinking Water EAL and the Gross Contamination 

EAL. Therefore, the data quality control results indicate that the data obtained for this 

monitoring event are suitable for their intended use (Table 3-2).

3.2 Groundwater Contaminant Trend

Concentrations of PAHs and VOCs were previously not detected above the EALs during the 

August 2009, October 2009, January 2010, April 2010, July 2010, October 2010, January 2011, 

April 2011, July 2011, and October 2011 groundwater monitoring events. These constituents 
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 3

Groundwater Analytical Results

March 2012

3-2

were also not detected above the EALs during this current groundwater monitoring event

(January 2012).

TPH-DRO concentrations in OWDFMW01 significantly decreased from January 2010 (1,490 

μg/L) to April 2010 (288 μg/L). The concentrations of TPH-DRO at this monitoring well have 

decreased to non-detect in the last six (October 2010, January 2011, April 2011, July 2011, 

October 2011, and January 2012) consecutive monitoring events (Table 3-3).

The concentrations of TPH-DRO at HDMW2253-03 have decreased to non-detect for eight 

consecutive groundwater monitoring events (Table 3-3). 

The October 2010 detection of acetone at an estimated concentration below the DOH Drinking 

Water EAL was the first at monitoring well OWDFMW01. Acetone was also detected at an 

estimated concentration in the trip blank sample. This suggested that acetone was introduced to 

the samples during transport to and from the laboratory, and is not representative of groundwater 

at OWDFMW01. This conclusion was confirmed in the January 2011, April 2011, July 2011, 

October 2011, and January 2012 monitoring events as acetone was not detected in any of the 

samples collected.

The October 2010 detections of lead at concentrations below the DOH Drinking Water EAL 

were the first at these two monitoring wells (OWDFMW01 and HDMW2253-03). Lead was not 

detected in any of the samples in the January 2011 monitoring event or during April 2011. 

Estimated concentrations of lead below the DOH Drinking Water EAL were detected at both 

wells during the July 2011 and October 2011 monitoring events. Lead was detected at estimated

concentrations below the DOH Drinking Water EAL in monitoring well HDMW2253-03 and in

monitoring well OWDFMW01 in this January 2012 monitoring event. The January 2012 

detections of lead at concentrations below the DOH Drinking Water EAL were the fourth at 

these two monitoring wells (OWDFMW01 and HDMW2253-03).

The January 2011 detection of benzene at an estimated concentration below the DOH Drinking 

Water EAL in OWDFMW01 was the first at this monitoring well. Benzene was detected at an 

estimated concentration in the duplicate sample collected from OWDFMW01 in April 2011;

however it was not detected in the July 2011 monitoring event. It was detected at an estimated 

concentration below the DOH Drinking Water EAL in HDMW2253-03 in the October 2011 

monitoring event. During the January 2012 monitoring event, benzene was detected at an 

estimated concentration of 0.70 μg/L in monitoring well OWDFMW01 which is below the 

Drinking Water EAL (15 μg/L), and the Gross Contamination EAL (5,000 μg/L) (Table 3-1, 

Table 3-2).

The April 2011 detections of xylenes and toluene in OWDFMW01 were the first at these 

monitoring wells. Xylenes and toluene were not detected in the July 2011 and the October 2011 

monitoring events. Xylenes and toluene were not detected during the January 2012 monitoring 

event (Table 3-1).
Table 3-1: Analytical Results for Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring-Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells, January 2012

Result Q LOQ LOD DL Result Q LOQ LOD DL

EPA 8015B (Petroleum) TPH-DRO 210 100 ND U 150 80.8 40.4 ND U 150 80.8 40.4

EPA 8260B (Petroleum) TPH-GRO 100 100 ND U 20.0 12.12 6.06 ND U 20.0 12.12 6.06

Acenaphthene 370 20 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06

Acenaphthylene 240 2000 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06

Anthracene 1800 22 ND U 0.2 0.10 0.05 ND U 0.2 0.10 0.05

Benzo(a)anthracene 0.092 4.7 ND U 0.2b 0.14 0.07 ND U 0.2b 0.14 0.07

Benzo(g,h,i)perylene 1500 0.13 ND U 0.2b 0.16 0.08 ND U 0.2b 0.16 0.08

Benzo(a)pyrene 0.2 0.81 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06

Benzo(b)fluoranthene 0.092 0.75 ND U 0.2b 0.12 0.06 ND U 0.2b 0.12 0.06

Benzo(k)fluoranthene 0.92 0.4 ND U 0.2 0.14 0.07 ND U 0.2 0.14 0.07

Chrysene 9.2 1 ND U 0.2 0.10 0.05 ND U 0.2 0.10 0.05

Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene 0.0092 0.52 ND U 0.2b 0.10 0.05 ND U 0.2b 0.10 0.05

Fluoranthene 1500 130 ND U 0.2 0.16 0.08 ND U 0.2 0.16 0.08

Fluorene 240 950 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06

Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene 0.092 0.095 ND U 0.2b 0.14 0.07 ND U 0.2b 0.14 0.07

1,-Methylnaphthalene 4.7 10 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06

2,-Methylnaphthalene 24 10 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06

Naphthalene 17 21 ND U 0.2 0.10 0.05 ND U 0.2 0.10 0.05

Phenanthrene 240 410 ND U 0.2 0.14 0.07 ND U 0.2 0.14 0.07

Pyrene 180 68 ND U 0.2 0.16 0.08 ND U 0.2 0.16 0.08

1,1,1-Trichloroethane 200 970 ND U 1.0 0.28 0.14 ND U 1.0 0.28 0.14

1,1,2-Trichloroethane 5 50,000 ND U 1.0 0.40 0.20 ND U 1.0 0.40 0.20

1,1-Dichloroethane 2.4 50,000 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19

1,1-Dichloroethylene 

(1,1-Dichloroethene) 7 1,500 ND U 1.0 0.60 0.30 ND U 1.0 0.60 0.30

1,2,3-Trichloropropane 0.6 50,000 ND U 2.0b 0.78 0.39 ND U 2.0b 0.78 0.39

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 70 3,000 ND U 1.0 0.42 0.21 ND U 1.0 0.42 0.21

1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane 0.04 10 ND U 2.0b 1.52 0.76 ND U 2.0b 1.52 0.76

1,2-Dibromoethane 0.0065 50,000 ND U 1.0b 0.40 0.20 ND U 1.0b 0.40 0.20

1,2-Dichlorobenzene 600 10 ND U 1.0 0.34 0.17 ND U 1.0 0.34 0.17

1,2-Dichloroethane 0.15 7,000 ND U 1.0b 0.28 0.14 ND U 1.0b 0.28 0.14

1,2-Dichloropropane 5 10 ND U 1.0 0.34 0.17 ND U 1.0 0.34 0.17

1,3-Dichlorobenzene 180 50,000 ND U 1.0 0.22 0.11 ND U 1.0 0.22 0.11

1,3-Dichloropropene (total of 

cis/trans) 0.43 50,000 ND U 1.0 0.36 0.18 ND U 1.0 0.36 0.18

1,4-Dichlorobenzene 75 5 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19

Acetone 22,000 20,000 ND U 10.0 1.90 0.95 ND U 10.0 1.90 0.95

Benzene 5 170 0.70 J 1.0 0.32 0.16 ND U 1.0 0.32 0.16

Bromodichloromethane 0.22 50,000 ND U 1.0b 0.28 0.14 ND U 1.0b 0.28 0.14

Bromoform 100 510 ND U 1.0 0.28 0.14 ND U 1.0 0.28 0.14

Bromomethane 8.7 50,000 ND U 2.0 0.48 0.24 ND U 2.0 0.48 0.24

Carbon Tetrachloride 5 520 ND U 1.0 0.20 0.10 ND U 1.0 0.20 0.10

Chlorobenzene 100 50 ND U 1.0 0.42 0.21 ND U 1.0 0.42 0.21

Chloroethane 8,600 16 ND U 1.0 0.42 0.21 ND U 1.0 0.42 0.21

Chloroform 70 2,400 ND U 1.0 0.14 0.07 ND U 1.0 0.14 0.07

Chloromethane 1.8 50,000 ND U 1.0 0.84 0.42 ND U 1.0 0.84 0.42

cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene (cis1,2-Dichloroethene) 70 50,000 ND U 1.0 0.32 0.16 ND U 1.0 0.32 0.16

Dibromochloromethane 

(Chlorodibromomethane) 0.16 50,000 ND U 1.0b 0.38 0.19 ND U 1.0b 0.38 0.19

Ethylbenzene 700 30 ND U 1.0 0.46 0.23 ND U 1.0 0.46 0.23

Hexachlorobutadiene 0.86 6 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19

Methyl ethyl ketone 

(2-Butanone) 7,100 8,400 ND U 10.0 1.20 0.60 ND U 10.0 1.20 0.60

Methyl isobutyl ketone 

(4-Methyl-2-pentanone) 2,000 1,300 ND U 10.0 3.80 1.90 ND U 10.0 3.80 1.90

Methyl tert-butyl Ether 12 5 ND U 1.0 0.52 0.26 ND U 1.0 0.52 0.26

Methylene chloride 4.8 9,100 ND U 5.0 0.70 0.35 ND U 5.0 0.70 0.35

Styrene 100 10 ND U 1.0 0.50 0.25 ND U 1.0 0.50 0.25

Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,1,2- 0.52 50,000 ND U 1.0 0.26 0.13 ND U 1.0 0.26 0.13

Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,2,2- 0.067 500 ND U 1.0b 0.20 0.10 ND U 1.0b 0.20 0.10

Tetrachloroethylene 

(Tetrachloroethene) 5 170 ND U 1.0 0.48 0.24 ND U 1.0 0.48 0.24

Toluene 1,000 40 ND U 1.0 0.34 0.17 ND U 1.0 0.34 0.17

trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene 

(trans-1,2-Dichloroethene) 100 260 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19

Trichloroethylene 

(Trichloroethene) 5 310 ND U 1.0 0.32 0.16 ND U 1.0 0.32 0.16

Vinyl chloride 2 3,400 ND U 1.0 0.46 0.23 ND U 1.0 0.46 0.23

Xylenes 10,000 20 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19

EPA 6020 Lead 15 5,000 0.20 J 0.5 0.22 0.11 0.19 J 0.5 0.22 0.11

Notes:

DRO - diesel range organics

GRO - gasoline range organics

LOD - limit of detection

LOQ - limit of quantitation or reporting limit (RL)

ND - not detected

PAHs - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Q - data qualifier

TPH - total petroleum hydrocarbons

VOC - volatile organic compound

LODs will be included in the final report.

HDMW2253-03 

(ES058)

OWDFMW01 

EPA 8270D SIM (PAHs)

Method Chemical

DOH Drinking Water 

EALs for Human 

Toxicitya 

DOH Groundwater 

Gross Contamination 

EALsa 

J - Estimated result. Indicates that the compound was identified but the concentration was above the DL and below the LOQ.

U - Indicates the compound or analyte was analyzed for but not detected. The result is reported as ND.

Environmental Hazards at Sites with Contaminated Soil and Groundwater 2008, updated March 2009). 

(ES057)

EPA 8260B (VOCs)

a DOH EALs (DOH, 2009): Table D-1b. Groundwater Action Levels (Groundwater is a current or potential drinking water resource; surface water body is not located within 150 meters of release site).

b In the case where an EAL for a specific chemical is less than the LOQ for a commercial laboratory, it is generally acceptable to consider the LOQ in place of the action level (DOH, Evaluation of 

DL - detection limit or method detection limit (MDL)

All units are in micrograms per liter (μg/L).

- Chemical does not have DOH EALs.

Table 3-2: Field QC Results-Outside Wells, January 2012

Q LOQ LOD DL Q LOQ LOD DL Q LOQ LOD DL

EPA 8015B (Petroleum) TPH-DRO 210 100 ND U 150 80.8 40.4 ND U 150 80.8 40.4 0 -- -- -- -- --

EPA 8260B (Petroleum) TPH-GRO 100 100 ND U 20.0 12.12 6.06 ND U 20.0 12.12 6.06 0 ND U 20.0 12.12 6.06

Acenaphthene 370 20 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 0 -- -- -- -- --

Acenaphthylene 240 2000 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 0 -- -- -- -- --

Anthracene 1800 22 ND U 0.2 0.10 0.05 ND U 0.2 0.10 0.05 0 -- -- -- -- --

Benzo(a)anthracene 0.092 4.7 ND U 0.2b 0.14 0.07 ND U 0.2b 0.14 0.07 0 -- -- -- -- --

Benzo(g,h,i)perylene 1500 0.13 ND U 0.2b 0.16 0.08 ND U 0.2b 0.16 0.08 0 -- -- -- -- --

Benzo(a)pyrene 0.2 0.81 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 0 -- -- -- -- --

Benzo(b)fluoranthene 0.092 0.75 ND U 0.2b 0.12 0.06 ND U 0.2b 0.12 0.06 0 -- -- -- -- --

Benzo(k)fluoranthene 0.92 0.4 ND U 0.2 0.14 0.07 ND U 0.2 0.14 0.07 0 -- -- -- -- --

Chrysene 9.2 1 ND U 0.2 0.10 0.05 ND U 0.2 0.10 0.05 0 -- -- -- -- --

Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene 0.0092 0.52 ND U 0.2b 0.10 0.05 ND U 0.2b 0.10 0.05 0 -- -- -- -- --

Fluoranthene 1500 130 ND U 0.2 0.16 0.08 ND U 0.2 0.16 0.08 0 -- -- -- -- --

Fluorene 240 950 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 0 -- -- -- -- --

Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene 0.092 0.095 ND U 0.2b 0.14 0.07 ND U 0.2b 0.14 0.07 0 -- -- -- -- --

1,-Methylnaphthalene 4.7 10 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 0 -- -- -- -- --

2,-Methylnaphthalene 24 10 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 ND U 0.2 0.12 0.06 0 -- -- -- -- --

Naphthalene 17 21 ND U 0.2 0.10 0.05 ND U 0.2 0.10 0.05 0 -- -- -- -- --

Phenanthrene 240 410 ND U 0.2 0.14 0.07 ND U 0.2 0.14 0.07 0 -- -- -- -- --

Pyrene 180 68 ND U 0.2 0.16 0.08 ND U 0.2 0.16 0.08 0 -- -- -- -- --

1,1,1-Trichloroethane 200 970 ND U 1.0 0.28 0.14 ND U 1.0 0.28 0.14 0 ND U 1.0 0.28 0.14

1,1,2-Trichloroethane 5 50,000 ND U 1.0 0.40 0.20 ND U 1.0 0.40 0.20 0 ND U 1.0 0.40 0.20

1,1-Dichloroethane 2.4 50,000 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19 0 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19

1,1-Dichloroethylene 

(1,1-Dichloroethene) 7 1,500 ND U 1.0 0.60 0.30 ND U 1.0 0.60 0.30 0 ND U 1.0 0.60 0.30

1,2,3-Trichloropropane 0.6 50,000 ND U 2.0b 0.78 0.39 ND U 2.0b 0.78 0.39 0 ND U 2.0b 0.78 0.39

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 70 3,000 ND U 1.0 0.42 0.21 ND U 1.0 0.42 0.21 0 ND U 1.0 0.42 0.21

1,2-Dibromo-3-

chloropropane 0.04 10 ND U 2.0b 1.52 0.76 ND U 2.0b 1.52 0.76 0 ND U 2.0b 1.52 0.76

1,2-Dibromoethane 0.0065 50,000 ND U 1.0b 0.40 0.20 ND U 1.0b 0.40 0.20 0 ND U 1.0b 0.40 0.20

1,2-Dichlorobenzene 600 10 ND U 1.0 0.34 0.17 ND U 1.0 0.34 0.17 0 ND U 1.0 0.34 0.17

1,2-Dichloroethane 0.15 7,000 ND U 1.0b 0.28 0.14 ND U 1.0b 0.28 0.14 0 ND U 1.0b 0.28 0.14

1,2-Dichloropropane 5 10 ND U 1.0 0.34 0.17 ND U 1.0 0.34 0.17 0 ND U 1.0 0.34 0.17

1,3-Dichlorobenzene 180 50,000 ND U 1.0 0.22 0.11 ND U 1.0 0.22 0.11 0 ND U 1.0 0.22 0.11

1,3-Dichloropropene (total of 

cis/trans) 0.43 50,000 ND U 1.0 0.36 0.18 ND U 1.0 0.36 0.18 0 ND U 1.0 0.36 0.18

1,4-Dichlorobenzene 75 5 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19 0 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19

Acetone 22,000 20,000 ND U 10.0 1.90 0.95 ND U 10.0 1.90 0.95 0 ND U 10.0 1.90 0.95

Benzene 5 170 0.70 J 1.0 0.32 0.16 0.58 J 1.0 0.32 0.16 0 ND U 1.0 0.32 0.16

Bromodichloromethane 0.22 50,000 ND U 1.0b 0.28 0.14 ND U 1.0b 0.28 0.14 0 ND U 1.0b 0.28 0.14

Bromoform 100 510 ND U 1.0 0.28 0.14 ND U 1.0 0.28 0.14 0 ND U 1.0 0.28 0.14

Bromomethane 8.7 50,000 ND U 2.0 0.48 0.24 ND U 2.0 0.48 0.24 0 ND U 2.0 0.48 0.24

Carbon Tetrachloride 5 520 ND U 1.0 0.20 0.10 ND U 1.0 0.20 0.10 0 ND U 1.0 0.20 0.10

Chlorobenzene 100 50 ND U 1.0 0.42 0.21 ND U 1.0 0.42 0.21 0 ND U 1.0 0.42 0.21

Chloroethane 8,600 16 ND U 1.0 0.42 0.21 ND U 1.0 0.42 0.21 0 ND U 1.0 0.42 0.21

Chloroform 70 2,400 ND U 1.0 0.14 0.07 ND U 1.0 0.14 0.07 0 ND U 1.0 0.14 0.07

Chloromethane 1.8 50,000 ND U 1.0 0.84 0.42 ND U 1.0 0.84 0.42 0 ND U 1.0 0.84 0.42

cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene (cis1,2-Dichloroethene) 70 50,000 ND U 1.0 0.32 0.16 ND U 1.0 0.32 0.16 0 ND U 1.0 0.32 0.16

Dibromochloromethane 

(Chlorodibromomethane) 0.16 50,000 ND U 1.0b 0.38 0.19 ND U 1.0b 0.38 0.19 0 ND U 1.0b 0.38 0.19

Ethylbenzene 700 30 ND U 1.0 0.46 0.23 ND U 1.0 0.46 0.23 0 ND U 1.0 0.46 0.23

Hexachlorobutadiene 0.86 6 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19 0 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19

Methyl ethyl ketone 

(2-Butanone) 7,100 8,400 ND U 10.0 1.20 0.60 ND U 10.0 1.20 0.60 0 ND U 10.0 1.20 0.60

Methyl isobutyl ketone 

(4-Methyl-2-pentanone) 2,000 1,300 ND U 10.0 3.80 1.90 ND U 10.0 3.80 1.90 0 ND U 10.0 3.80 1.90

Methyl tert-butyl Ether 12 5 ND U 1.0 0.52 0.26 ND U 1.0 0.52 0.26 0 ND U 1.0 0.52 0.26

Methylene chloride 4.8 9,100 ND U 5.0 0.70 0.35 ND U 5.0 0.70 0.35 0 0.69 J 5.0 0.70 0.35

Styrene 100 10 ND U 1.0 0.50 0.25 ND U 1.0 0.50 0.25 0 ND U 1.0 0.50 0.25

Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,1,2- 0.52 50,000 ND U 1.0 0.26 0.13 ND U 1.0 0.26 0.13 0 ND U 1.0 0.26 0.13

Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,2,2- 0.067 500 ND U 1.0b 0.20 0.10 ND U 1.0b 0.20 0.10 0 ND U 1.0b 0.20 0.10

Tetrachloroethylene 

(Tetrachloroethene) 5 170 ND U 1.0 0.48 0.24 ND U 1.0 0.48 0.24 0 ND U 1.0 0.48 0.24

Toluene 1,000 40 ND U 1.0 0.34 0.17 ND U 1.0 0.34 0.17 0 ND U 1.0 0.34 0.17

trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene 

(trans-1,2-Dichloroethene) 100 260 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19 0 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19

Trichloroethylene 

(Trichloroethene) 5 310 ND U 1.0 0.32 0.16 ND U 1.0 0.32 0.16 0 ND U 1.0 0.32 0.16

Vinyl chloride 2 3,400 ND U 1.0 0.46 0.23 ND U 1.0 0.46 0.23 0 ND U 1.0 0.46 0.23

Xylenes 10,000 20 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19 0 ND U 1.0 0.38 0.19

EPA 6020 Lead 15 5000 0.20 J 0.5 0.22 0.11 0.11 J 0.5 0.22 0.11 58.1 -- -- -- --

Notes:

dup - duplicate

GRO - gasoline range organics

LOD - limit of detection

LOQ - limit of quantitation or reporting limit (RL)

PAHs - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Q - data qualifier

RPD - relative percent difference

TPH - total petroleum hydrocarbons

VOC - volatile organic compound

-- not analyzed

- Chemical does not have DOH EALs.

LODs will be included in the final report

--

Result

RPD 

Duplicate 

(%)

U - Indicates the compound or analyte was analyzed for but not detected. The result is reported as ND. 

a DOH EALs (DOH, 2009): Table D-1b. Groundwater Action Levels (Groundwater is a current or potential drinking water resource; surface water body is not located within 150 meters of release site).

b In the case where an EAL for a specific chemical is less than the LOQ for a commercial laboratory, it is generally acceptable to consider the LOQ in place of the action level (DOH, Evaluation of Environmental Hazards at Sites with Contaminated Soil 

 and Groundwater 2008, updated March 2009). 

J - Estimated result. Indicates that the compound was identified but the concentration was above the DL and below the LOQ.

DRO - diesel range organics

DL - detection limit or method detection limit (MDL)

All units are in micrograms per liter (μg/L).

OWDFMW01 

ES058

Result Result

OWDFMW01 dup Trip Blank (01/24/2011)

EPA 8270D SIM (PAHs)

EPA 8260B (VOCs)

ES059 DOH Groundwater Gross 

Contamination EALs

Method Chemical a 

DOH Drinking 

Water EALs for 

Human Toxicitya 

Table 3-3: Historical and Current Groundwater Sample Analytical Results, August 2009 through January 2012

Result Q LOQ LOD DL Result Q LOQ LOD DL Result Q LOQ LOD DL Result Q LO

August 2009 ND U 457 NA 171 ND U 100 NA 30 -- -- -- NA -- -- -- -October 2009 ND U 444 NA 167 ND U 100 NA 30 ND U 494 NA 185 ND U 10January 2010 1,490 440 NA 165 ND U 100 NA 30 322 J 460 NA 172 ND U 10

April 2010 288 J 471 NA 176 ND U 100 NA 30 ND U 471 NA 176 ND U 10

July 2010 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ND U 426 -- 160 ND U 10October 2010 ND U 150 80.8 40.4 ND U 20.0 12.1 6.06 ND U 150 80.8 40.4 ND U 20January 2011 ND U 150 80.8 40.4 ND U 20.0 12.1 6.06 ND U 150 80.8 40.4 ND U 20April 2011 ND U 150 80.8 40.4 ND U 20.0 12.1 6.06 ND U 150 80.8 40.4 ND U 20July 2011 ND U 150 80.8 40.4 ND U 20.0 12.1 6.06 ND U 150 80.8 40.4 ND U 20October 2011 ND U 150 80.8 40.4 ND U 20.0 12.1 6.06 ND U 150 80.8 40.4 ND U 20January 2012 ND U 150 80.8 40.4 ND U 20.0 12.1 6.06 ND U 150 80.8 40.4 ND U 20

Notes:

DOH Drinking Water EALs for Human Toxicity a : TPH-DRO = 210 μg/L; TPH-GRO = 100 μg/L

DOH Groundwater Gross Contamination EALs a : TPH-DRO = 100 μg/L; TPH-GRO = 100 μg/L

a DOH EALs (DOH, 2009): Table D-1b. Groundwater Action Levels (Groundwater is a current or potential drinking water resource; surface water body

TPH-DRO TPH-GRO 

OWDFMW01 HDMW2253-03

TPH-DRO TPH-G

Bold - Result exceeds one or both DOH EALs-- The monitoring well was not sampled. is not located within 150 meters of release site).All units are in micrograms per liter (μg/L)U - Indicates that the compound was analyzed for but not detected. The result is reported as ND.ND - not detected Q - data qualifierJ - Estimated result. Indicates that the compound was identified but the concentration was above the DL and below the LOQ.DL - detection limit or method detection limit (MDL)LOQ - limit of quantitation or reporting limit (RL)LOD - limit of detection NA - not available
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 3

Groundwater Analytical Results

March 2012

3-8

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Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 4 

Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations 

March 2012

4-1

Section 4 Summary, Conclusions, and 

Recommendations

4.1 Summary

Dissolved lead was detected at estimated concentrations of 0.20 μg/L and 0.19 μg/L in 

monitoring wells OWDFMW01 and HDMW2253-03, respectively, during the January 2012 

groundwater monitoring event. These concentrations are below both the DOH Drinking Water 

EAL (15 μg/L), and the DOH Gross Contamination EAL (5,000 μg/L). Benzene was detected at 

an estimated concentration of 0.70 μg/L in monitoring well OWDFMW01, which is below the 

DOH Drinking Water EAL (5 μg/L), and the DOH Gross Contamination EAL (170 μg/L). No 

other COPCs were detected in monitoring wells HDMW2253-03 and OWDFMW01 during the 

January 2012 monitoring event.

4.2 Conclusions

Concentrations of PAHs and VOCs were previously not detected above the EALs during the 

August 2009, October 2009, January 2010, April 2010, July 2010, October 2010, January 2011, 

April 2011, July 2011, and October 2011 groundwater monitoring events. PAHs and VOCs

were also not detected above the EALs during the January 2012 monitoring event. The data 

continue to suggest that TPH-DRO was the only COPC present in any notable quantity for the 

site; however, it has been non-detect for at least the past six monitoring events.

TPH-DRO concentrations in OWDFMW01 significantly decreased from January 2010 (1,490 

μg/L) to April 2010 (288 μg/L), and were not detected in the subsequent six monitoring events

(Table 3-3). The concentrations of TPH-DRO at HDMW2253-03 have decreased to 

non-detectable levels for the previous eight consecutive quarterly monitoring events. The data 

suggest that TPH-DRO concentrations in groundwater are attenuating naturally at the two 

outside wells.

The October 2010 detection of acetone at an estimated concentration below the DOH Drinking 

Water EAL was the first at monitoring well OWDFMW01. Acetone was also detected at an 

estimated concentration in the trip blank sample in October 2010. Acetone was not detected in 

the subsequent five monitoring events. This strongly suggests that acetone was introduced to the 

samples during transport to and from the laboratory. The October 2010 detection of acetone is 

not representative of groundwater at OWDFMW01.

The October 2010 detections of lead at concentrations below the DOH Drinking Water EAL 

were the first at these two monitoring wells (OWDFMW01 and HDMW2253-03). Lead was not 

detected in any samples during the January 2011 monitoring event or during the April 2011 

monitoring event. Lead was detected at estimated concentrations below the DOH Drinking 

Water EAL at both monitoring wells during the July 2011 monitoring event. Lead was detected 

in monitoring well HDMW2253-03 at a concentration below the DOH Drinking Water EAL and 

in monitoring well OWDFMW01 at an estimated concentration below the DOH Drinking Water 

EAL during the October 2011 monitoring event. Lead was detected in monitoring wells 
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 4 

Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations 

March 2012

4-2

OWDFMW01 and HDMW2253-03 at estimated concentrations below the DOH Drinking Water 

EAL during the January 2012 monitoring event.

The January 2011 detection of benzene at an estimated concentration below the DOH Drinking 

Water EAL in OWDFMW01 was the first at this monitoring well. Benzene was detected at an 

estimated concentration in the duplicate sample collected from OWDFMW01 in April 2011; 

however it was not detected in the July 2011 and October 2011 monitoring events. It was 

detected at an estimated concentration below the DOH Drinking Water EAL in HDMW2253-03 

in the October 2011 monitoring event. Benzene was detected at an estimated concentration in 

monitoring well OWDFMW01 during the January 2012 monitoring event which is below both 

the Drinking Water EAL, and the Gross Contamination EAL.

The April 2011 detections of xylenes and toluene in OWDFMW01 were the first at these 

monitoring wells. Xylenes and toluene were not detected in the July 2011 and the October 2011 

monitoring events. Xylenes and toluene were not detected during the January 2012 monitoring 

event.

4.3 Recommendations

All COPC concentrations have been below the EALs for six and eight consecutive quarterly 

monitoring events for samples collected at monitoring wells OWDFMW01 and HDMW2253-03, 

respectively. Reduced frequency of sampling from quarterly to annual groundwater monitoring 

of both monitoring wells is recommended.
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 5

References

March 2012

5-1

Section 5 References

AMEC Earth and Environmental, Inc., 2002. Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility Investigation 

Report, Prepared for NAVFAC Pacific. August.

Dawson Group, Inc., 2006. Fourth Quarter 2005 Groundwater Sampling Report, Red Hill Fuel 

Storage Facility, Hawaii. February.

DOH, 2009. Evaluation of Environmental Hazards at Sites with Contaminated Soil and 

Groundwater. Updated March 2009.

DON, 2007. Project Procedures Manual, U.S. Navy Environmental Restoration Program, 

NAVFAC Pacific. February.

Earth Tech, Inc, 2000. Remedial Investigation Phase II, Volume I, Technical Report, Red Hill 

Oily Waste Disposal Facility, Halawa, Oahu, Hawaii. September.

Environet, 2010. Work Plan, Long-Term Monitoring, Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, Pearl 

Harbor, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i. September.

Hawai‘i Administrative Rules, Title 11, Chapter 281, Subchapter 7.

TEC, 2006. Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, Final - Addendum Planning Documents, Pearl 

Harbor, Hawaii. May.

_____, 2008. Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, Final Groundwater Protection Plan, Pearl 

Harbor, Hawaii. January 2008 revised in December 2009.

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), 2005. Aerial Image. http://hawaii.wr.usgs.gov/index.html.

 
Quarterly Groundwater Monitoring Report – Outside (Non-Tunnel) Wells 

Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility, JBPHH, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i

Section 5

References

March 2012

5-2

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Appendix A

DOH Correspondence





Appendix B

Field Notebook



Appendix C

Groundwater Sampling Logs

WELL ID: LOCATION: PROJECT NO:

INITIAL WATER LEVEL: DATE: TIME:

TOTAL DEPTH OF WELL: PERSONNEL INVOLVED:

LENGTH OF SATURATED ZONE: WEATHER CONDITIONS:

VOLUME OF WATER TO BE REMOVED: METHOD OF REMOVAL:

WATER LEVEL AFTER PURGING: PUMPING RATE: 

WELL PURGE DATA:

TIME VOLUME 

REMOVED pH COND (S/m) TURBIDITY (NTU) DO (mg/l) TEMP (o

C) SALINITY 

(%)

REDOX (ORP) 

(mV)

1220 3 L 5.46 2.55 10.3 6.06 25.38 0.0 -

1225 7 L 5.75 2.90 9.8 5.81 25.36 0.0 -

1231 11 L 6.01 2.87 9.0 5.10 25.30 0.0 -

SAMPLE RETRIEVAL METHOD: APPEARANCE OF SAMPLE: 

COLOR Clear

SAMPLE ID: TURBIDITY

SAMPLE COLLECTION TIME: SEDIMENT

SAMPLED BY: OTHER

COMMENTS AND OBSERVATIONS: Collected Duplicate ES059

LABORATORY ANALYSIS PARAMETERS AND PRESERVATIVES: TPH-GRO (EPA 8260B) & VOCs (EPA 8260B) with no preservative

TPH-DRO (EPA8015B) & PAHs (EPA 8270C SIM) with no preservative, and dissolved lead (EPA 6020) with nitric acid preservative 

NUMBER AND TYPES OF SAMPLE CONTAINERS FILLED:

DECONTAMINATION PROCEDURES:

SAMPLES DELIVERED TO: TRANSPORTERS:

SAMPLE DELIVERY DATE: SAMPLE DELIVERY TIME:

CAPACITY OF CASING (GALLONS/LINEAR FOOT)

2"-0.16; 4"-0.65; 6"-1.47; 8"-2.61; 10"-4.08; 12"-5.87

GROUNDWATER SAMPLING LOG

OWDFMW01 Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility 1022-024

120.02 feet bTOC 1/24/2012 1220

142.8 feet bTOC MS, JT

N/A Sunny 

N/A Bailer

1/24/2012 1400

N/A 0.8 L/min

Bailer

ES058 (primary); ESO59 (duplicate)

ESO58 - 1300

MS, JT

Primary: (3) - 40 mL VOAs, (4) - 1 L amber bottle, (1) - 500 mL polyethylene bottle,

Duplicate: (3) - 40 mL VOAs, (4) - 1 L amber bottle, (1) - 500 mL polyethylene bottle, and Trip Blank: (3) - 40 mL VOAs

Alconox, triple rinse with distilled water

APPL, Inc. MS, JT
WELL ID: LOCATION: PROJECT NO:

INITIAL WATER LEVEL: DATE: TIME:

TOTAL DEPTH OF WELL: PERSONNEL INVOLVED:

LENGTH OF SATURATED ZONE: WEATHER CONDITIONS:

VOLUME OF WATER TO BE REMOVED: METHOD OF REMOVAL:

WATER LEVEL AFTER PURGING: PUMPING RATE: 

WELL PURGE DATA:

TIME VOLUME 

REMOVED pH COND (mS/cm)

TURBIDITY 

(NTU) DO (mg/l) TEMP (o

C) SALINITY 

(ppt)

REDOX (ORP) 

(mV)

1100 2 L 3.72 0.002 133.0 9.20 27.06 - 374

1104 5 L 6.10 0.461 102.0 4.87 23.90 - 33

1108 8 L 6.11 0.462 105.0 4.79 23.82 - 46

SAMPLE RETRIEVAL METHOD: APPEARANCE OF SAMPLE: 

COLOR Brown

SAMPLE ID: TURBIDITY High

SAMPLE COLLECTION TIME: SEDIMENT None

SAMPLED BY: OTHER None

COMMENTS AND OBSERVATIONS: PID = 0.0 ppm

LABORATORY ANALYSIS PARAMETERS AND PRESERVATIVES: TPH-GRO (EPA 8260B) & VOCs (EPA 8260B) with no preservative

TPH-DRO (EPA8015B) & PAHs (EPA 8270C SIM) with no preservative, and dissolved lead (EPA 6020) with nitric acid preservative

NUMBER AND TYPES OF SAMPLE CONTAINERS FILLED:

 

DECONTAMINATION PROCEDURES:

SAMPLES DELIVERED TO: TRANSPORTERS:

SAMPLE DELIVERY DATE: SAMPLE DELIVERY TIME:

CAPACITY OF CASING (GALLONS/LINEAR FOOT)

2"-0.16; 4"-0.65; 6"-1.47; 8"-2.61; 10"-4.08; 12"-5.87

1/24/2012 1400

N/A 0.75 L/min

 Bailer

ES057

1107

MS, JT

(3) - 40 mL VOAs, (4) - 1 L amber bottle, (1) - 500 mL polyethylene bottle

Alconox, triple rinse with distilled water

APPL, Inc. MS, JT

1,575 feet bTOC MS, JT

N/A Sunny

N/A Bailer

GROUNDWATER SAMPLING LOG

HDMW2253-03 Red Hill Bulk Fuel Storage Facility 1022-024

207.60 feet bTOC 1/24/2012 1050
Appendix D

Laboratory Analytical Results,

January 2012 (on CD-ROM)