April 24, 2015

 Exemption No. 11430

 Regulatory Docket No. FAA–2015–0170

Mr. Patrick MacAllister

Aerial Optics

P.O. Box 26

Humarock, MA 02047

Dear Mr. MacAllister:

This letter is to inform you that we have granted your request for exemption. It transmits our 

decision, explains its basis, and gives you the conditions and limitations of the exemption, 

including the date it ends.

The Basis for Our Decision

By letter dated January 22, 2015, you petitioned the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) 

on behalf of Aerial Optics (hereinafter petitioner or operator) for an exemption. The 

exemption would allow the petitioner to operate an unmanned aircraft system (UAS) to 

conduct aerial surveying, photography, videography, training, monitoring, and inspections.

See Appendix A for the petition submitted to the FAA describing the proposed operations and 

the regulations that the petitioner seeks an exemption.

The FAA has determined that good cause exists for not publishing a summary of the petition 

in the Federal Register because the requested exemption would not set a precedent, and any 

delay in acting on this petition would be detrimental to the petitioner.

Airworthiness Certification

The UAS proposed by the petitioner are the DJI F550 and a custom built 450mm waterproof 

quad copter.
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The petitioner requested relief from 14 CFR part 21, Certification procedures for products 

and parts, Subpart H—Airworthiness Certificates. In accordance with the statutory criteria 

provided in Section 333 of Public Law 112−95 in reference to 49 U.S.C. § 44704, and in 

consideration of the size, weight, speed, and limited operating area associated with the 

aircraft and its operation, the Secretary of Transportation has determined that this aircraft 

meets the conditions of Section 333. Therefore, the FAA finds that the requested relief from 

14 CFR part 21, Certification procedures for products and parts, Subpart H—Airworthiness 

Certificates, and any associated noise certification and testing requirements of part 36, is 

not necessary.

The Basis for Our Decision

You have requested to use a UAS for aerial data collection. The FAA has issued grants of 

exemption in circumstances similar in all material respects to those presented in your petition. 

In Grants of Exemption Nos. 11062 to Astraeus Aerial (see Docket No. FAA−2014−0352), 

11109 to Clayco, Inc. (see Docket No. FAA−2014−0507), 11112 to VDOS Global, LLC (see

Docket No. FAA−2014−0382), and 11213 to Aeryon Labs, Inc. (see Docket No. 

FAA−2014−0642), the FAA found that the enhanced safety achieved using an unmanned 

aircraft (UA) with the specifications described by the petitioner and carrying no passengers or 

crew, rather than a manned aircraft of significantly greater proportions, carrying crew in 

addition to flammable fuel, gives the FAA good cause to find that the UAS operation enabled 

by this exemption is in the public interest.

Having reviewed your reasons for requesting an exemption, I find that—

• They are similar in all material respects to relief previously requested in Grant of 

Exemption Nos. 11062, 11109, 11112, and 11213;

• The reasons stated by the FAA for granting Exemption Nos. 11062, 11109, 11112, and 

11213 also apply to the situation you present; and 

• A grant of exemption is in the public interest.

Our Decision

In consideration of the foregoing, I find that a grant of exemption is in the public interest. 

Therefore, pursuant to the authority contained in 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 40113, and 44701, 

delegated to me by the Administrator, Aerial Optics is granted an exemption from 14 CFR 

§§ 61.23(a) and (c), 61.101(e)(4) and (5), 61.113(a), 61.315(a), 91.7(a), 91.119(c), 91.121, 

91.151(a)(1), 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1), 91.409(a)(1) and (2), and 91.417(a) and (b), to the 

extent necessary to allow the petitioner to operate a UAS to perform aerial data collection.

This exemption is subject to the conditions and limitations listed below.

Conditions and Limitations

In this grant of exemption, Aerial Optics is hereafter referred to as the operator.
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Failure to comply with any of the conditions and limitations of this grant of exemption will be 

grounds for the immediate suspension or rescission of this exemption.

1. Operations authorized by this grant of exemption are limited to the DJI F550 and a 

custom built 450mm waterproof quad copter when weighing less than 55 pounds 

including payload. Proposed operations of any other aircraft will require a new 

petition or a petition to amend this exemption.

2. Operations for the purpose of closed-set motion picture and television filming are 

not permitted. 

3. The UA may not be operated at a speed exceeding 87 knots (100 miles per hour). The 

exemption holder may use either groundspeed or calibrated airspeed to determine 

compliance with the 87 knot speed restriction. In no case will the UA be operated at 

airspeeds greater than the maximum UA operating airspeed recommended by the 

aircraft manufacturer.

4. The UA must be operated at an altitude of no more than 400 feet above ground level 

(AGL). Altitude must be reported in feet AGL.

5. The UA must be operated within visual line of sight (VLOS) of the PIC at all times. 

This requires the PIC to be able to use human vision unaided by any device other than 

corrective lenses, as specified on the PIC’s FAA-issued airman medical certificate or 

U.S. driver’s license.

6. All operations must utilize a visual observer (VO). The UA must be operated within 

the visual line of sight (VLOS) of the PIC and VO at all times. The VO may be used 

to satisfy the VLOS requirement as long as the PIC always maintains VLOS 

capability. The VO and PIC must be able to communicate verbally at all times; 

electronic messaging or texting is not permitted during flight operations. The PIC must 

be designated before the flight and cannot transfer his or her designation for the 

duration of the flight. The PIC must ensure that the VO can perform the duties 

required of the VO.

7. This exemption and all documents needed to operate the UAS and conduct its 

operations in accordance with the conditions and limitations stated in this grant of 

exemption, are hereinafter referred to as the operating documents. The operating 

documents must be accessible during UAS operations and made available to the 

Administrator upon request. If a discrepancy exists between the conditions and 

limitations in this exemption and the procedures outlined in the operating documents, 

the conditions and limitations herein take precedence and must be followed. 

Otherwise, the operator must follow the procedures as outlined in its operating 

documents. The operator may update or revise its operating documents. It is the 
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operator’s responsibility to track such revisions and present updated and revised 

documents to the Administrator or any law enforcement official upon request. The 

operator must also present updated and revised documents if it petitions for extension 

or amendment to this grant of exemption. If the operator determines that any update or 

revision would affect the basis upon which the FAA granted this exemption, then the 

operator must petition for an amendment to its grant of exemption. The FAA’s UAS 

Integration Office (AFS−80) may be contacted if questions arise regarding updates or 

revisions to the operating documents.

8. Any UAS that has undergone maintenance or alterations that affect the UAS operation 

or flight characteristics, e.g. replacement of a flight critical component, must undergo 

a functional test flight prior to conducting further operations under this exemption. 

Functional test flights may only be conducted by a PIC with a VO and must remain at 

least 500 feet from other people. The functional test flight must be conducted in such 

a manner so as to not pose an undue hazard to persons and property.

9. The operator is responsible for maintaining and inspecting the UAS to ensure that it is 

in a condition for safe operation.

10. Prior to each flight, the PIC must conduct a pre-flight inspection and determine the 

UAS is in a condition for safe flight. The pre-flight inspection must account for all 

potential discrepancies, e.g. inoperable components, items, or equipment. If the 

inspection reveals a condition that affects the safe operation of the UAS, the aircraft is 

prohibited from operating until the necessary maintenance has been performed and the 

UAS is found to be in a condition for safe flight.

11. The operator must follow the UAS manufacturer’s maintenance, overhaul, 

replacement, inspection, and life limit requirements for the aircraft and 

aircraft components.

12. Each UAS operated under this exemption must comply with all manufacturer 

safety bulletins.

13. Under this grant of exemption, a PIC must hold either an airline transport, 

commercial, private, recreational, or sport pilot certificate. The PIC must also hold a 

current FAA airman medical certificate or a valid U.S. driver’s license issued by a 

state, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, a territory, a possession, or the Federal 

government. The PIC must also meet the flight review requirements specified in 

14 CFR § 61.56 in an aircraft in which the PIC is rated on his or her pilot certificate.

14. The operator may not permit any PIC to operate unless the PIC demonstrates the 

ability to safely operate the UAS in a manner consistent with how the UAS will be 

operated under this exemption, including evasive and emergency maneuvers and 

maintaining appropriate distances from persons, vessels, vehicles and structures. PIC 
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qualification flight hours and currency must be logged in a manner consistent with 

14 CFR § 61.51(b). Flights for the purposes of training the operator’s PICs and VOs 

(training, proficiency, and experience-building) and determining the PIC’s ability to 

safely operate the UAS in a manner consistent with how the UAS will be operated 

under this exemption are permitted under the terms of this exemption. However, 

training operations may only be conducted during dedicated training sessions. During 

training, proficiency, and experience-building flights, all persons not essential for 

flight operations are considered nonparticipants, and the PIC must operate the UA 

with appropriate distance from nonparticipants in accordance with 14 CFR § 91.119.

15. UAS operations may not be conducted during night, as defined in 14 CFR § 1.1. All 

operations must be conducted under visual meteorological conditions (VMC). Flights 

under special visual flight rules (SVFR) are not authorized.

16. The UA may not operate within 5 nautical miles of an airport reference point (ARP) as 

denoted in the current FAA Airport/Facility Directory (AFD) or for airports not 

denoted with an ARP, the center of the airport symbol as denoted on the current 

FAA-published aeronautical chart, unless a letter of agreement with that airport’s 

management is obtained or otherwise permitted by a COA issued to the exemption 

holder. The letter of agreement with the airport management must be made available 

to the Administrator or any law enforcement official upon request.

17. The UA may not be operated less than 500 feet below or less than 2,000 feet 

horizontally from a cloud or when visibility is less than 3 statute miles from the PIC.

18. If the UAS loses communications or loses its GPS signal, the UA must return to a 

pre-determined location within the private or controlled-access property.

19. The PIC must abort the flight in the event of unpredicted obstacles or emergencies.

20. The PIC is prohibited from beginning a flight unless (considering wind and forecast 

weather conditions) there is enough available power for the UA to conduct the 

intended operation and to operate after that for at least five minutes or with the reserve 

power recommended by the manufacturer if greater.

21. Air Traffic Organization (ATO) Certificate of Waiver or Authorization (COA). All 

operations shall be conducted in accordance with an ATO-issued COA. The 

exemption holder may apply for a new or amended COA if it intends to conduct 

operations that cannot be conducted under the terms of the attached COA.

22. All aircraft operated in accordance with this exemption must be identified by serial 

number, registered in accordance with 14 CFR part 47, and have identification 

(N−Number) markings in accordance with 14 CFR part 45, Subpart C. Markings must 

be as large as practicable.
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23. Documents used by the operator to ensure the safe operation and flight of the UAS and 

any documents required under 14 CFR §§ 91.9 and 91.203 must be available to the 

PIC at the Ground Control Station of the UAS any time the aircraft is operating. These 

documents must be made available to the Administrator or any law enforcement 

official upon request.

24. The UA must remain clear and give way to all manned aviation operations and 

activities at all times. 

25. The UAS may not be operated by the PIC from any moving device or vehicle. 

26. All Flight operations must be conducted at least 500 feet from all nonparticipating 

persons, vessels, vehicles, and structures unless:

a. Barriers or structures are present that sufficiently protect nonparticipating persons 

from the UA and/or debris in the event of an accident. The operator must ensure 

that nonparticipating persons remain under such protection. If a situation arises 

where nonparticipating persons leave such protection and are within 500 feet of 

the UA, flight operations must cease immediately in a manner ensuring the safety 

of nonparticipating persons; and

b. The owner/controller of any vessels, vehicles or structures has granted permission 

for operating closer to those objects and the PIC has made a safety assessment of 

the risk of operating closer to those objects and determined that it does not 

present an undue hazard.

The PIC, VO, operator trainees or essential persons are not considered 

nonparticipating persons under this exemption.

27. All operations shall be conducted over private or controlled-access property with 

permission from the property owner/controller or authorized representative. 

Permission from property owner/controller or authorized representative will be 

obtained for each flight to be conducted.

28. Any incident, accident, or flight operation that transgresses the lateral or vertical 

boundaries of the operational area as defined by the applicable COA must be reported 

to the FAA's UAS Integration Office (AFS−80) within 24 hours. Accidents must be 

reported to the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) per instructions 

contained on the NTSB Web site: www.ntsb.gov.

If this exemption permits operations for the purpose of closed-set motion picture and 

television filming and production, the following additional conditions and limitations apply.

29. The operator must have a motion picture and television operations manual (MPTOM) 

as documented in this grant of exemption.
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30. At least 3 days before aerial filming, the operator of the UAS affected by this 

exemption must submit a written Plan of Activities to the local Flight Standards 

District Office (FSDO) with jurisdiction over the area of proposed filming. The 3-day 

notification may be waived with the concurrence of the FSDO. The plan of activities 

must include at least the following:

a. Dates and times for all flights;

b. Name and phone number of the operator for the UAS aerial filming conducted 

under this grant of exemption;

c. Name and phone number of the person responsible for the on-scene operation of 

the UAS;

d. Make, model, and serial or N−Number of UAS to be used;

e. Name and certificate number of UAS PICs involved in the aerial filming;

f. A statement that the operator has obtained permission from property owners 

and/or local officials to conduct the filming production event; the list of those 

who gave permission must be made available to the inspector upon request;

g. Signature of exemption holder or representative; and

h. A description of the flight activity, including maps or diagrams of any area, city, 

town, county, and/or state over which filming will be conducted and the altitudes 

essential to accomplish the operation.

31. Flight operations may be conducted closer than 500 feet from participating persons 

consenting to be involved and necessary for the filming production, as specified in the 

exemption holder’s MPTOM.

Unless otherwise specified in this grant of exemption, the UAS, the UAS PIC, and the UAS 

operations must comply with all applicable parts of 14 CFR including, but not limited to, 

parts 45, 47, 61, and 91.

This exemption terminates on April, 30, 2017, unless sooner superseded or rescinded.

Sincerely,

/s/

John S. Duncan

Director, Flight Standards Service
Patrick MacAllister

DBA, Aerial Optics

P.O Box 26 

Humarock MA 02047

(781)588-3259 

Patrick@aerialoptics.net

Date: January 22 2015

U. S. Department of Transportation

Docket Management System

1200 New Jersey Ave.,

SE Washington, DC 20590

RE: Patrick MacAllister DBA Aerial Optics for Exemption Pursuant to Section 333

Of the FAA Reform Act

Attn: To whom it may concern

Pursuant to Section 333 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (the Reform Act) 

and 14 C.F.R. Part 11, Patrick MacAllister DBA, Aerial Optics, owner and operator of Small 

Unmanned Aircraft Systems (“sUAS”) equipped to conduct aerial photography and 

videography, hereby applies for an exemption from the listed Federal Aviation Regulations 

(“FARs”) to allow commercial operation of sUAS, so long as such operations are conducted 

within and under the conditions outlined herein or as may be established by the FAA as required 

by Section 333.1

The proposed exemption, if granted, would allow Patrick MacAllister DBA, Aerial Optics to 

conduct commercial operations of small unmanned aircraft systems (“sUAS”) meeting or 

exceeding all of the operational and safety requirements Congress has set forth in Section 333. 

Statutory Authority Section 333, titled “Special Rules for Certain Unmanned Aircraft Systems”, 

provides a mechanism for seeking expedited FAA authorization of safe civil UAS operations in 

the NAS. Section 333(a) states that the FAA “shall determine if certain unmanned aircraft 

systems may operate safely in the national airspace system before completion of the 

(comprehensive) plan and rulemaking required by section 332(b)(1) of this Act or the guidance 

required by section 334 of this Act.” In Section 332(b)(1), Congress made it clear that Section 

333 provides a mechanism for “expedited operation authorization” if several factors are met. 

Petitioner meets all requirements to permit FAA approval of commercial UAS operations.

The Petitioner Requests Relief From the following regulations: 

14 C.F.R. Part 21

14 C.F.R. 45.23 (b)

14 C.F.R. 91.7 (a)

14 C.F.R. 91.119

14 C.F.R. 91.121
14 C.F.R. 91.151(a)

14 C.F.R. 91.203 (a) & (b)

14 C.F.R. 91.215

14 C.F.R. 91.405

14 C.F.R. 91.407

14 C.F.R. 91.409

14 C.F.R. 91.417

14 C.F.R. 91.109

Patrick MacAllister DBA, Aerial Optics is petitioning for exemption to enable Aerial Optics to 

operate a DJI F550 (6 Motor sUAS) Utilizing the DJI Naza-M V2 flight controller and a custom 

built 450mm waterproof quad copter (4 Motor) sUAS also utilizing the DJI Naza-M V2 flight 

controller. The sUASs will be equipped with cameras, camera stabilizing gimbals and OSD (on 

screen displays) providing the PIC with altitude, airspeed, battery life and direction. Our UAS

flight controllers utilize GPS to limit the altitude above the ground and limit the radius of the 

distance it flies from the PIC. Our UASs have GPS guided failsafe functions allowing the

autopilot system to fly back to the launch site autonomously. If the transmitter is disconnected

the system will automatically trigger return to home and will land safely. Our larger UASs will 

be equipped with emergency parachute systems to drastically reduce damage to objects or 

persons on the ground in the event of a total system malfunction.

Pending FAA exemption Aerial Optics will be testing other styles of sUAS including coaxial 

motor configurations to aid flight characteristics in less than perfect conditions. Any new sUAS 

will be thoroughly tested and adhere to regulations imposed by FAA Section 333.1 and our 

General Operating Standards listed on page #3&4.

Please refer to the attached Naza-M V2, and DJI-F550 instruction manual for the performance 

limitations and flight operations.

Aerial Optics is owned and operated by Patrick MacAllister. Patrick has been in the Aviation 

Industry for 24 years and holds a commercial rotorcraft license as well as a current CFI 

(Certified flight instructor) certificate. He has flown many aerial tours and photo flights piloting 

manned aircraft, has over 20 years experience in remote controlled aircraft and 2 years 

experience building, testing and flying sUAS. 

Our commercial activities would include:

• Aerial surveying

• Event photography/videography

• Real estate photography

• Aerial filmmaking and photography

• Unmanned aerial sightseeing

• Construction site inspections and monitoring

• Building inspections

• UAS training and safe operations
FCC INFORMATION

This Spektrum transmitter used for controlling the sUAS complies with part 15 of the FCC 

rules. Please refer to the attached Spektrum transmitter manual,

Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

(1) This device may not cause harmful interference,

(2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause 

undesired operation.

The Spektrum radio transmitter used for controlling the sUAS is wireless technology which has 

been tested and found to be compliant with the applicable regulations governing a radio 

transmitter in the 2.400GHz to 2.4835GHz frequency range.

PILOT IN COMMAND AND OBSERVER QUALIFICATIONS AND DUTIES 

The PIC will maintain at least a Commercial Pilot Certificate and a current Class III medical 

certificate, plus at least 2 hours flying time and 3 takeoffs and landings within 30 days in the type 

of UAS utilized in operations. The PIC will have at least 40 hours total time and at least 20 hours 

flying Radio Controlled Aircraft of which will be 10 hours flying sUAS. 

The PIC is responsible for the safe and efficient operation of the aircraft. Specific duties include 

all preflight preparation, in flight operation and post flight requirements. Procedures including 

but not limited to: 

• Safe flight operations 

• Risk assessment and mitigation to persons and property 

• Site suitability 

The Observer must have the visual acuity to observe the sUAS and be able to communicate 

clearly with the PIC utilizing hand signals, verbally or 2 way radios.

The Observers duties are;

• Notifying the PIC of any impending obstacles in the flight path of the sUAS.

• Notifying the PIC of any deviations in the planned flight path of the sUAS.

• Notifying the PIC if unauthorized persons enter the area of the planned flight.

GENERAL OPERATING STANDARDS

• Before an operation of a sUAS within 5NM of an airport with a control tower, the control 

tower will be called to gain permission to operate the sUAS. The PIC will give the 

position, altitude and the times the sUAS will be operated. The sUAS will not be 
operated at an altitude of over 150 feet AGL. Weather minimums will be 3 miles 

visibility and a 1000 foot ceiling.

• Before an operation of a sUAS within 5NM of a non-tower controlled, airport operators 

will be notified and the PIC will give the right of way to avoid flying in the proximity of 

full-scale aircraft. At no time will the sUAS be operated within the final approach course 

and the takeoff course of any runway. The sUAS will not be operated at an altitude of 

over 200 feet AGL. 

• Weather minimums will be 3 miles visibility and a 1000 foot ceiling.

• Aerial Optics will only operate its sUAS in line of sight of a PIC and/or observer and will 

operate at sites that are a 'sufficient distance' from populated areas. Such operations will 

insure that the sUAS will not create a hazard to users of the national airspace system or 

the public.

• All of our operations will be under 200’ if we are operating within the 30mi reach of a 

mode c vail. 

• Maximum flight time for each operational flight will be 30 minutes.

• Flights will be terminated at 25% battery power reserve should that occur prior to the 30 

minute limit. 

• The sUAS will be programmed so that it will not be operated at an altitude of no more 

than 400 feet AGL, and not more than 200 feet above an elevated platform from which 

filming is planned.

• Minimum crew for each operation will consist of the sUAS Pilot, and Visual Observer.

• The sUAS operated by the petitioner weighs less than 55 pounds, including the payload 

(i.e. camera, lens, and gimbals).

• The sUAS will operate at speeds of no more than 50 knots, can hover, and can 

simultaneously move vertically and horizontally.

• All operations must utilize a visual observer (VO). The VO and PIC must be able to 

Communicate by voice, 2 way radio or hand signals at all times during a flight operation.

• Operations will be restricted to flights over water, public or private property with the 

permission of the property owner(s)

• All required permits will be obtained from state and local government prior to operation.

• sUAS will not be operated over densely populated areas.

• sUAS will not be operating over any open-air assembly of people.
• sUAS will not be operating over heavily trafficked roads.

• All new to service sUAS both custom and pre-manufactured will have a minimum of 25 

logged flight hours and deemed safe by the PIC prior to commercial operations. 

HOW THIS REQUIST IS TO THE BETTERMENT OF OUR COMMUNITY

Our UAS are powered by batteries, smaller, lighter and more maneuverable than larger aircraft 

running on combustible fuel, it operates at lower altitudes with no people on board and will 

thereby reduce current risk levels associated with traditional aircraft, enhance safety and 

diminish the likelihood of death or serious bodily injury. Also with a small payload and typical 

flight time of only 20 minutes, there is little or no risk to national security.

Low level photos and video are far more effective than ground or high altitude manned aircraft 

imagery for displaying detailed characteristics of ground based objects. The applicant in the past 

has chartered full-sized helicopters for this purpose, which has proven more costly than many 

potential clients have been able to afford. The benefits of reduced cost and improved quality of 

presentation from the UAS will be incredibly valuable to future clients.

Aerial sightseeing will be conducted safely over coastal Massachusetts water ways and 

underpopulated areas. This new form of tourism will allow all individuals including children, 

elderly and disabled to enjoy the feeling of flight and see the area from above without the noise, 

danger and cost associated with traditional helicopters.

Additionally, we will make our sUAS available to first responders in our community who might 

require assistance, including fire fighters, police, sheriff, et al., while remaining subject to all 

limitations cited in this application.

EXEMPTION REQUESTS AND EQUIVALENT LEVEL OF SAFETY

Patrick MacAllister DBA Aerial Optics requests an exemption from the following regulations as 

well as any additional regulations that may technically apply to the operation of the sUAS 

System.

14 CFR Part 21, Airworthiness Certificates:

This part establishes the procedures for the issuance of an airworthiness certificate. While the

FAA continues to work to develop airworthiness standards for Unmanned Aerial Systems, we

request an experimental certificate be issued for our UAS’s under either or both of the following 

provisions: 21.191 Experimental certificates. Experimental certificates are issued for the 

following purposes:

(a) Research and development. Testing new aircraft design concepts, new aircraft equipment,

new aircraft installations, new aircraft operating techniques, or new uses for aircraft.

(b) Showing compliance with regulations. Conducting flight tests and other operations to show 

compliance with the airworthiness regulations including flights to show compliance for issuance 
of type and supplemental type certificates, flights to substantiate major design changes, and 

flights to show compliance with the function and reliability requirements of the regulations. 

Since the experimental certificate can be used for commercial purposes such as market surveys, 

sales demonstrations, and customer crew training, we would expect that an experimental 

certificate would permit our commercial purpose as well. The aircraft will not carry persons or 

property, will not carry fuel, and will only fly under strict operational requirements. Combined 

with the UAS lightweight, being constructed primarily of carbon fiber and plastic in conjunction 

with the ability to utilize emergency parachute systems. We propose that the UAS will be at least 

as safe, if not safer, than a conventionally certificated aircraft performing the same mission. If an 

experimental airworthiness certificate is not appropriate for this application, then we request an 

exemption of 14 CFR Part 21, Subpart H, and the requirement for an airworthiness certificate in 

general, citing the equivalent level of safety outlined in the previous paragraph.

14 CFR 45.23 Display of marks; general and 45.29 Size of marks:

These regulations provide that each aircraft must display "N" and the aircraft's registration 

number in letters at least 3 inches high. Additionally, the aircraft must display the word 

"EXPERIMENTAL" in letters at least 2 inches high near the entrance to the cabin, cockpit, or 

pilot station. The sUAS does not have an entrance in which the word "EXPERIMENTAL" can 

be placed, and may not have a registration number assigned to it by the FAA. We propose to 

achieve an equivalent level of safety by including the word "EXPERIMENTAL" in the placard 

on the top of the aircraft, as shown above, where the PIC (Pilot In Control), VO (Visual 

Observer) and others in the vicinity of the aircraft while it is preparing for launch will be able to 

see the designation. Additionally, we feel that the permanent placard discussed in the previous 

paragraph will provide the aircraft's registration information at the ground station. Finally, we 

will display at the ground station a high contrast flag or banner that contains the words 

"Unmanned Aircraft Ground Station" in letters 3 inches high or greater. Since the aircraft will 

operate within 3/4 NM of the ground station, the banner should be visible to anyone that 

observes the aircraft and chooses to investigate its point of origin.

14 CFR 91.7 Prohibits the Operation of an aircraft without an airworthiness certificate:

As no such certificate will be applicable in the form contemplated by the FARs, this Regulation 

is inapplicable.

91.119 Minimum safe altitudes:

The regulation states that over sparsely populated areas the aircraft cannot be operated closer 

than 500 feet to any person, vessel, vehicle, or structure. Since the typical mission of the sUAS 

would be photography or survey of persons, vessels, vehicles or structures it would be necessary 

to operate closer than 500 feet to the items listed. Operations will only be flown over property or 

persons where careful pre-planned flight path has been performed. In the event of a system 

malfunction or emergency landing with or without a deployed parachute. The hazard to persons 

or property on the surface will be very limited. Therefore we maintain that due to the small size 

of the UAS, the hazard to persons, vehicles and structures is minimal compared to manned 

aircraft, which should be considered in granting the exemption.
CFR 91.121 Altimeter settings:

The regulation requires that aircraft shall maintain cruising altitudes by reference to an altimeter 

setting available within 100 NM of the aircraft. The sUAS will always fly below 400 feet AGL 

and will not need to maintain cruising altitudes in order to prevent conflict with other aircraft. An 

Above Ground Level altimeter measurement above the takeoff point is transmitted via radio 

from the sUAS on-board computer to the display screen held by the PIC, providing a constantly 

updated AGL readout. The Naza M V2 flight controller can be configured to geo-fence the UAS 

under the 400’ maximum altitude.

14 CFR 91.151 Fuel requirements for flight in VFR conditions:

The regulation provides that no person may begin a flight in an airplane under day-VFR

conditions unless there is enough fuel to fly to the first point of intended landing and to fly after

that for at least 30 minutes. The purpose of this is to provide an energy reserve as a safety buffer 

for delays to landing. Since the aircraft will never fly more than 3/4 NM from the point of 

intended landing, a full battery charge at launch will ensure that we meet the reserve energy 

requirement of this paragraph. 

14 CFR 91.203(a) & (b) Civil aircraft: Certifications required:

The regulation provides that an airworthiness certificate, with the registration number assigned to 

the aircraft and a registration certificate must be aboard the aircraft. Additionally, subparagraph 

(b) provides that the airworthiness certificate be "displayed at the cabin or cockpit entrance so 

that it is legible to passengers or crew." At a maximum gross weight of 55 pounds, the sUAS is 

too small to carry documentation, does not have an entrance, and is not capable of carrying 

passengers or crew. To obtain an equivalent level of safety and meet the intent of

91.203, we propose that documents deemed appropriate for this aircraft by the FAA will be with 

the crew at the ground control station and available for inspection upon request. In order to 

identify the aircraft, we propose that the information found on airworthiness and registration 

certificates be permanently affixed to the aircraft via placard containing the following

information plus the word "EXPERIMENTAL" to satisfy the requirement of 14 CFR 45.23.

14 CFR Subpart E (91.401- 91.417) -Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Alterations:

The regulation provides that the operator is primarily responsible for maintaining the aircraft in 

an airworthy condition, including compliance with part 39 and 43. Paragraphs 91.407 and 91.409 

require that the aircraft be "approved for return to service by a person authorized under 43.7" 

after maintenance and inspection. It is our intention that the PIC perform maintenance and

inspection of the aircraft and "be authorized to approve the aircraft for return to service." The

PIC will ensure that the aircraft is in an airworthy condition prior to every flight and in addition

conduct detailed inspections after every five hours of flight. All maintenance will be performed 

by the PIC in accordance with the manufactures manual. If required maintenance is beyond the 

ability of the PIC the maintenance will be performed by the manufacturer or their designated 

repair facility. The PIC will document work performed in accordance with 91.417. We feel that 

due to the size, construction, and simplicity of the aircraft, the PIC can ensure an equivalent level 

of safety.

14 CFR 91.109 Flight Instruction; Simulated instrument flight and certain flight tests:

The regulation states that "No person may operate a civil aircraft that is being used for flight
Instruction unless that aircraft has fully functioning dual controls." Training will be conducted by 

Aerial Optics we have the ability to provide dual controls utilizing two Spektrum transmitters 

with a wireless link between the transmitters. One transmitter is designated the master transmitter 

and the other transmitter is designated as a slave. The PIC instructor, utilizing the master 

transmitter, will be at all times be able assume control of the sUAS.

14 C.F.R. 91.215 ATC transponder and altitude reporting equipment and use:

This regulation states all aircraft operating within 30 nautical miles of class A, B and C airspace 

must be equipped with automatic pressure altitude reporting equipment having a Mode C 

capability that automatically replies to Mode C interrogations. Due to the small size and lifting 

capabilities of our UASs we cannot carry a traditional transponder. All of our operations will be 

under 250’ if we are operating within the 30mi reach of a mode c vail. 

CONCLUSION

By granting Patrick MacAllister DBA, Aerial Optics requested exemptions, the FAA will help 

drive development of safe and successful commercial UAS operations and will advance the 

public knowledge base for such operations of UAS. Aerial Optics is committed to promoting the 

UAS research efforts of policymakers by sharing data from its commercial UAS operations and 

serving as a resource for future UAS research operations.

As pointed out in this application, all the sUASs which our company would use, under 

authorization by the US DOT-FAA, are small, light-weight devices operated within the line of

sight of the Pilot-in-Command (PIC), less than 400 feet above the ground and outside 5 miles

from any airport or location with aviation activities, unless the air traffic control authorities 

(ATC) have been notified and have authorized each flight within a radius of this distance.

Aerial Optics seeks an exemption pursuant to 14 C.F.R. and Section 333 of the FAA 

Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (FMRA), which will permit safe operation of our UAS 

commercially, without an airworthiness Certificate. By granting this Petition, the FAA 

Administrator will be fulfilling the Congressional mandate of the FAA Modernization and 

Reform Act of 2012, while also advancing the interests of the public, by allowing Aerial Optics

to safely, efficiently, and economically operate sUASs commercially within the NAS. Wherefore, 

in accordance with the Federal Aviation Regulations and the FAA Modernization and Reform 

Act of 2012, Section 333, Aerial Optics respectfully requests that the Administrator grant this 

Petition for an exemption from the requirements of 14 C.F.R Sections.

Sincerely,

Patrick MacAllister

Aerial Optics