# BART Exemption Modeling Report:

Georgia Power Company Plant McDonough

Prepared by:

Southern Company Services and ENSR Corporation for Georgia Power Company

September 2006September 2006 

### i 091506 McDonough BART Modeling Report.doc 

# Contents

1.0 Introduction...................................

................................................... ................................................... ...... 1-1

1.1 Objectives .........................................

................................................... ............................................ 1-1

1.2 Location of source vs. relevant Class I Areas ......

................................................... ....................... 1-1

2.0 Source description and emissions data ..........

................................................... .................................. 2-1

2.1 Unit-specific source data..........................

................................................... .................................... 2-1

3.0 Modeling results...............................

................................................... ................................................... .. 3-1

Appendix A Delta-Deciview Values for The Top 20 Day s – For Each Year/Each Class I Area and for the Top 25 Days – Over Three Years......

................................................... ............A-1September 2006 

### ii 091506 McDonough BART Modeling Report.doc 

# List of Tables

Table 2-1 Plant McDonough modeling emission parameters .......

................................................... ....... 2-3

Table 3-1 Summary of Results – Plant McDonough Ref ined BART Exemption Modeling.................... 3-1



# List of Figures

Figure 1-1 Location of PSD Class I Areas in relation to Plant McDonough.......................................... ... 1-2September 2006 1-1 091506 McDonough BART Modeling Report.doc 

# 1.0 Introduction

1.1 Objectives

The Regional Haze Rule requires Best Available Retr ofit Technology (BART) for any BART-eligible source that ‘‘emits any air pollutant which may reasonably be a nticipated to cause or contribute to any impairment of visibility” in any mandatory Class I federal area. Pursuant to federal regulations, states have the o ption of exempting a BART-eligible source from the BART requ irements based on dispersion modeling demonstrating that the source cannot reasonably be anticipated to cause or contribute to visibility impairment in a Class I area. In addition, the Environmental Protection Ag ency (EPA) has promulgated a rule allowing states s ubject to the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) to determin e that CAIR satisfies the BART requirements for SO 2 

### and NO x 

### for electric generating units (EGUs). Feedback fr om the Georgia Environmental Protection Division indicates that CAIR satisfies BART for SO 2 

### and NO x 

### for EGUs. Therefore, this modeling report focuses on performing the BART modeling analysis for particula te matter (PM) only.

Units 1 and 2 at Plant McDonough, located near Smyr na, which is owned and operated by Georgia Power Company, has been identified as a BART-eligible sou rce. The modeling procedures outlined in the sourc especific BART modeling protocol for Plant McDonough were used to determine whether the source is subje ct to BART requirements (exemption modeling). The mod eling procedures are consistent with those outlined in the updated final VISTAS common BART modeling proto col (dated December 22, 2005, revision 3 – July 18, 2006), available at http://www.vistas-sesarm.org/BART/BARTModelingProto col_rev3_18Jul2006.pdf . This source-specific BART modeling protocol references r elevant portions of the common VISTAS modeling protocol.



## 1.2 Location of source vs. relevant Class I Areas

The Georgia Environmental Protection Division, whic h is in charge of the state’s BART program, has determined that Units 1 and 2 at Plant McDonough ar e BART-eligible for PM. Figure 1-1 shows a plot of Plant McDonough relative to nearby Class I Areas. There are five Class I areas within 300 km of the plant: Cohutta (113.7 km), Great Smoky Mountains (189.8 km), Joyce Kilmer (176.9 km), Shining Rock (221.8 km), and Sipsey (268.8 km). The BART exemption modeling was conducted for these Class I areas in accordance wi th the referenced VISTAS common BART modeling protocol and the procedures described in the source-specifi c BART modeling protocol.September 2006 1-2 091506 McDonough BART Modeling Report.doc 

### Figure 1-1 Location of Class I Areas in Relation to Plant McDonoughSeptember 2006 2-1 091506 McDonough BART Modeling Report.doc 

# 2.0 Source description and emissions data

2.1 Unit-specific source data

The emissions data used to assess the visibility im pacts at the Class I areas within 300 km of Plant McDonough are discussed in this section. The Georg ia Environmental Protection Division has indicated that CAIR will satisfy BART for EGUs for SO 2 

### and NO x 

### . Therefore, this BART exemption modeling analysis focuses only on PM 10 

### . Since various components of PM 10 

### emissions have different visibility extinction efficiencies, the PM 10 

### emissions are divided, or “speciated,” into severa l components (VISTAS common protocol Sections 4.3.3 and 4.4.2). The VISTAS pro tocol (Section 5) allows for the use of source-spec ific emissions and speciation factors and/or default val ues from AP-42. The PM 10 

### emissions and speciation approach that were used for the modeling is indicat ed below. Where default speciation values are used , the data represents a unit where current (baseline) emi ssion controls include electrostatic precipitators (ESPs), but no post-combustion NO x 

### or SO 2 

### control equipment exists.

• Total PM 10 

### is comprised of filterable and condensable emissio ns.

• Baseline filterable PM 10 

### emissions are based on the highest stack test for t he most recent 3-year period (2003-2005). This stack test is combined wi th the highest 24 hour heat input value for this period from CEMS data to calculate the “maximum 24 hour average emission rate” as required by the VISTAS protocol.

• Filterable PM 10 

### has been subdivided by size category consistent wi th the default approach from AP-42 Table 1-1.6, and as noted on pages 43 and 44 of the VISTAS common BART modeling protocol. The AP-42 Table 1-1.6 specifies for the emission contro ls indicated above that 55.6% of filterable PM 10 

### emissions is coarse (greater than 2.5 microns in si ze) and 44.4% is fine. Of the fine portion, 3.7% i s elemental carbon and the remainder is inorganic fin e particulates (soil).

• Condensable PM 10 

### consists of inorganic and organic compounds. The inorganic portion is by default assumed to be H 2 

### SO 4 

### , although other non-sulfate inorganic condensables could be present. The organic portion is modeled as organic aerosols.

• Baseline H 2 

### SO 4 

### emissions are calculated consistent with the metho d used by Georgia Power to derive these emissions for TRI purposes. This approach as sumes that the H 2 

### SO 4 

### emissions released from the stack are proportional to SO 2 

### emissions from combustion and are dependent on the fuel type and the removal of H 2 

### SO 4 

### by downstream equipment (i.e., ESP and air heater) . For eastern bituminous coal the baseline H 2 

### SO 4 

### release rate is in the range of 0.3 to 0.8% of the SO 2 

### emissions. Appendix A of the site-specific modeling protocol provides the basis for the site-specific values used.

• Baseline emissions of condensable organics (the rem aining portion of condensable PM 10 

### ) are derived based on the supporting field observational informa tion in Appendix B of the site-specific modeling protocol and is estimated as 0.32% of SO 2 

### emitted.

• Coarse filterable particles (between 2.5 and 10 mic rons in size) will be modeled with a geometric mass mean diameter of 5 microns, while fine filterable a nd all condensable particles will be modeled with a geometric mass mean diameter of 0.48 microns, consi stent with the CALPUFF default value for fine particles. The geometric standard deviation for bo th fine and coarse particles will be set to 2 micro ns, consistent with the CALPUFF default value. The 0.48 micron diameter value for fine particles comes from the default values in sample input files prese nted on the TRC web site. There is no default value presented for the coarse particles on the TRC web site. However, since 5 is the geometric mass mean diameter of 2.5 and 10 (the bounds of coa rse particle sizes), it is a reasonable estimate for the geometric mass mean diameter for that class of particles.

In practice, CALPUFF allows for the user to input c ertain components of PM 10 

### as separate species and separate sizes, which will result in more accurate wet and dry deposition velocity results and also mo reSeptember 2006 2-2 091506 McDonough BART Modeling Report.doc 

### accurate effects on light scattering. As noted abo ve, the particle size distribution information is p rovided in AP-42 Table 1-1.6, and will be used for the BART ex emption modeling.

Table 2-1 provides a summary of the modeling emissi on parameters used in the BART CALPUFF modeling, consistent with the source emissions data presented in Appendices A and B of the site-specific modelin g protocol for the baseline. All of the emissions in Table 2-1 were derived from CEMS data for the 2003 to 2005 period and represent the maximum 24-hour average lb /hr rates (excluding days where startup, shutdown, or malfunctions occurred). For NO x 

### and SO 2 

### the values are directly from CEMS. Filterable PM 10 

### emissions were calculated using the highest stack test over the 20 03 to 2005 period and multiplying these values time s the maximum 24-hour average heat input derived from CEM S. These values were then adjusted using AP-42 factors from Table 1.1-6 that indicate that PM 10 

### is 67% of total PM for a pulverized coal unit with an ESP. PM 10 

### speciation was then performed as indicated above su ch that total Filterable PM 10 

### is made up of Coarse Soil plus total Fine PM and total Fine PM is made up of Fine Soil plus Elemental Carbon (EC).September 20062-3091506 McDonough BART Modeling Report.docTable 2-1 Plant McDonough modeling emission parametersLocation UTM(Zone 16 NAD-83)Emissions1Particle Speciation2CaseSource/ UnitUTMEastUTMNorthActualStack HtBaseElev.FlueDiameterGasExitVel.StackGasExitTemp.SO2NOXPM10Filt.PM10CoarseSoilFinePMFineSoilECCond.PM10H2SO4Organicm m m m m m/s deg K lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hrlbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hrBaseline Data - Current Configuration (Unit Basis)Baseline Unit 1 733,686 3,745,558 254.8 236.8 7.5 22.9 405.2 4625.86 738.11 151.61 109.31 60.78 48.5346.74 1.80 42.30 27.50 14.80Baseline Unit 2 733,686 3,745,558 254.8 236.8 7.5 22.9 405.2 4613.51 727.89 149.98 107.80 59.93 47.8646.09 1.77 42.19 27.42 14.76Baseline Data - Current Configuration (Stack Basis)ModeledStk Ht3m m m m m m/s deg K lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hrlbs/hr lbs/hr lbs/hrStack 1 1&2 733,686 3,745,558 132.0 236.8 7.5 22.9405.2 9239.371466.00301.59 217.10120.7196.39 92.83 3.57 84.49 54.92 29.57Stack Basis Emissions Converted to g/sec g/sec g/sec g/sec g/secg/sec g/sec g/secg/secg/sec g/sec g/secStack 1 1&2 733,686 3,745,558 132.0 236.8 7.5 22.9405.2 1164.16 184.72 38.00 27.35 15.21 12.15 11.700.45 10.65 6.92 3.731SO2and NOxemissions are not BART-applicable for EGU sourcesin CAIR states, if the state agency agrees with EPA’s interpretation of the BART final rule. Theemissions for SO2and NOxare provided for information purposes, and for reference in the computation of certain particle species such as H2SO4.2Elemental carbon (EC) and Fine PM are a part of Filterable PM10and H2SO4and Organics are a part of Condensable PM10. Note that H2SO4is input to CALPUFF asSO4. The molecular weights of H2SO4and SO4are 98 and 96 respectively, therefore the conversion factor from H2SO4to SO4is 96/98.3Stack credit is equal to GEP. GEP 433 ft (132.0 m) is less than actual height therefore GEP height based on 2.5 Rule is used for modeling.September 2006 3-1 091506 McDonough BART Modeling Report.doc 

# 3.0 Modeling results

The exemption modeling results are provided in Tabl e 3-1, and Appendix A lists delta-deciview results for the top 20 days for each year modeled and the top 25 da ys for the overall three years at each Class I area . The table indicates that both the 8 th 

### highest day’s impacts for each year and the 22 nd 

### highest day’s impacts over all three years are below 0.5 delta-dv. These results demonstrate that Plant McDonough’s PM 10 

### emissions do not cause or contribute to visibility impairment. Therefore, the source is not subject to BART for PM 10 

### , and no further BART analysis is required.

Electronic data related to this application are pro vided on the attached disk. They include all input (INP) and list (LST) files.September 2006 3-1 091506 McDonough BART Modeling Report.doc 

### Table 3-1 Summary of Results – Plant McDonough Refi ned BART Exemption Modeling

2001 2002 2003

Class I area Distance

from source

to Class I

area boundary # of days and

receptors beyond 98 th

percentile with impact > 0.5

delta-dv 8 th

Highest

delta-dv # of days and

receptors beyond 98 th

percentile with impact > 0.5

delta-dv 8 th

Highest

delta-dv # of days and

receptors beyond 98 th

percentile with impact > 0.5

delta-dv 8 th

Highest

delta-dv Highest of

8 th Highest

delta-dv

for the 3-

years 22 nd

Highest

delta-dv

over 3-

year period

km Days Rec delta-dv Days Rec delta-dv Days Rec de lta-dv delta-dv delta-dv

Cohutta 113.7 0 0 0.12 0 0 0.19 0 0 0.19 0.19 0.18

Great Smoky Mountains 189.8 0 0 0.07 0 0 0.07 0 0 0.06 0.07 0.07

Joyce Kilmer 176.9 0 0 0.06 0 0 0.07 0 0 0.07 0.07 0.07

Shining Rock 221.8 0 0 0.04 0 0 0.03 0 0 0.05 0.05 0.04

Sipsey 268.8 0 0 0.02 0 0 0.04 0 0 0.04 0.04 0.04

# Appendix A

Delta-Deciview Values for the Top 20 Days – for Eac h Year/Each Class I Area and for the Top 25 Days – Over Three Y ears

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Cohutta (Top 20 Days for Each Year)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY HR REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2001 71 0 3 7.92 7.599 0.322 3 68.96 0 12.26 3.7 5. 47 9.62 1 2001 199 0 9 7.92 7.599 0.321 4 74.56 0 9.94 3 4.7 7.8 2 2001 40 0 3 7.816 7.599 0.218 3.1 70.12 0 12.07 3.6 4 4.72 9.46 3 2001 297 0 8 7.804 7.599 0.205 3.8 73.23 0 10.28 3. 1 5.32 8.06 4 2001 181 0 3 7.784 7.599 0.186 3.8 73.87 0 10.37 3. 13 4.51 8.13 5 2001 182 0 182 7.767 7.599 0.168 3.8 73.89 0 10.37 3.13 4.47 8.13 6 2001 239 0 115 7.764 7.599 0.165 4.2 75.93 0 9.65 2 .91 3.95 7.56 7 2001 327 0 25 7.722 7.599 0.123 3.4 71.12 0 11.16 3 .37 5.61 8.75 8 2001 333 0 16 7.714 7.599 0.115 3.4 71.93 0 11.29 3 .4 4.53 8.85 9 2001 332 0 3 7.712 7.599 0.113 3.4 71.67 0 11.25 3. 39 4.88 8.82 10 2001 125 0 16 7.712 7.599 0.113 3.4 71.65 0 11.24 3 .39 4.9 8.82 11 2001 39 0 3 7.707 7.599 0.109 3.1 69.6 0 11.98 3.61 5.41 9.39 12 2001 122 0 16 7.695 7.599 0.097 3.4 71.42 0 11.21 3 .38 5.2 8.79 13 2001 51 0 16 7.69 7.599 0.091 3.1 69 0 11.87 3.58 6 .23 9.31 14 2001 41 0 8 7.686 7.599 0.088 3.1 70.57 0 12.14 3.6 6 4.1 9.52 15 2001 340 0 1 7.685 7.599 0.086 3.5 72.28 0 11.02 3. 32 4.74 8.64 16 2001 114 0 3 7.684 7.599 0.085 2.8 67.14 0 12.79 3. 86 6.18 10.03 17 2001 12 0 181 7.677 7.599 0.078 3.3 70.24 0 11.36 3 .42 6.07 8.9 18 2001 229 0 16 7.671 7.599 0.073 4.2 76.11 0 9.67 2. 92 3.72 7.58 19 2001 210 0 1 7.669 7.599 0.07 4 75.49 0 10.07 3.04 3.51 7.9 20

2002 223 0 8 7.92 7.599 0.321 4.2 76.08 0 9.66 2.91 3.76 7.58 1 2002 229 0 16 7.851 7.599 0.253 4.2 75.93 0 9.64 2. 91 3.95 7.56 2 2002 28 0 8 7.85 7.599 0.251 3.3 71.02 0 11.48 3.46 5.04 9 3 2002 313 0 3 7.811 7.599 0.212 3.4 71.57 0 11.23 3. 39 5.01 8.81 4 2002 227 0 97 7.804 7.599 0.205 4.2 76.26 0 9.69 2. 92 3.53 7.6 5 2002 224 0 3 7.79 7.599 0.191 4.2 75.84 0 9.63 2.91 4.07 7.55 6 2002 115 0 2 7.785 7.599 0.186 2.8 67.67 0 12.89 3. 89 5.44 10.11 7 2002 57 0 2 7.783 7.599 0.185 3.1 69.91 0 12.03 3.6 3 5 9.43 8 2002 222 0 1 7.778 7.599 0.179 4.2 77.02 0 9.78 2.9 5 2.57 7.67 9 2002 235 0 16 7.771 7.599 0.173 4.2 75.66 0 9.61 2. 9 4.29 7.54 10 2002 191 0 8 7.763 7.599 0.164 4 74.19 0 9.89 2.98 5.18 7.76 11 2002 320 0 16 7.744 7.599 0.145 3.4 71.76 0 11.26 3 .4 4.75 8.83 12 2002 225 0 1 7.742 7.599 0.144 4.2 77.32 0 9.82 2.9 6 2.19 7.7 13 2002 74 0 2 7.736 7.599 0.137 3 69.58 0 12.37 3.73 4.62 9.7 14 2002 35 0 3 7.734 7.599 0.135 3.1 68.79 0 11.84 3.5 7 6.51 9.28 15 2002 137 0 97 7.723 7.599 0.124 3.4 71.58 0 11.23 3 .39 4.99 8.81 16 2002 29 0 97 7.71 7.599 0.111 3.3 70.74 0 11.44 3.4 5 5.41 8.97 17 2002 89 0 16 7.709 7.599 0.11 3 69.67 0 12.39 3.74 4.48 9.72 18 2002 56 0 9 7.705 7.599 0.107 3.1 70.15 0 12.07 3.6 4 4.66 9.47 19 2002 93 0 97 7.7 7.599 0.101 2.8 69.17 0 13.18 3.97 3.34 10.33 20

2003 344 0 1 7.937 7.599 0.338 3.5 72.27 0 11.02 3. 32 4.76 8.64 1 2003 291 0 219 7.876 7.599 0.277 3.8 73.57 0 10.33 3.11 4.89 8.1 2 2003 258 0 16 7.852 7.599 0.253 4.2 75.68 0 9.61 2. 9 4.27 7.54 3 2003 328 0 97 7.844 7.599 0.246 3.4 71.2 0 11.17 3. 37 5.5 8.76 4 2003 270 0 8 7.839 7.599 0.241 4.2 75.61 0 9.6 2.9 4.35 7.53 5 2003 68 0 3 7.815 7.599 0.217 3 69.24 0 12.31 3.71 5.08 9.66 6 2003 358 0 97 7.809 7.599 0.21 3.5 72.97 0 11.12 3. 35 3.84 8.72 7 2003 106 0 16 7.784 7.599 0.186 2.8 67.67 0 12.89 3 .89 5.43 10.11 8 2003 246 0 3 7.78 7.599 0.181 4.2 75.36 0 9.57 2.89 4.68 7.51 9 2003 242 0 3 7.778 7.599 0.179 4.2 74.99 0 9.53 2.8 7 5.14 7.47 10 2003 234 0 8 7.769 7.599 0.17 4.2 75.13 0 9.54 2.88 4.96 7.48 11 2003 107 0 97 7.749 7.599 0.15 2.8 67.97 0 12.95 3. 91 5.02 10.16 12 2003 177 0 1 7.747 7.599 0.149 3.8 74.43 0 10.45 3. 15 3.78 8.19 13 2003 305 0 9 7.724 7.599 0.126 3.8 73.17 0 10.27 3. 1 5.41 8.05 14 2003 51 0 3 7.724 7.599 0.125 3.1 70.13 0 12.07 3.6 4 4.7 9.46 15 2003 306 0 9 7.718 7.599 0.119 3.4 70.67 0 11.09 3. 34 6.2 8.7 16 2003 343 0 2 7.715 7.599 0.116 3.5 72.22 0 11.01 3. 32 4.81 8.63 17 2003 186 0 8 7.706 7.599 0.107 4 75.6 0 10.08 3.04 3.37 7.91 18 2003 119 0 16 7.706 7.599 0.107 2.8 67.31 0 12.82 3 .87 5.94 10.06 19 2003 64 0 3 7.701 7.599 0.103 3 67.93 0 12.08 3.64 6.87 9.47 20

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Cohutta (Top 25 Days Over Three Years)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2003 344 1 7.937 7.599 0.338 3.5 72.27 0.00 11.02 3 .32 4.76 8.64 1 2001 71 3 7.920 7.599 0.322 3.0 68.96 0.00 12.26 3. 70 5.47 9.62 2 2001 199 9 7.920 7.599 0.321 4.0 74.56 0.00 9.94 3. 00 4.70 7.80 3 2002 223 8 7.920 7.599 0.321 4.2 76.08 0.00 9.66 2. 91 3.76 7.58 4 2003 291 219 7.876 7.599 0.277 3.8 73.57 0.00 10.33 3.11 4.89 8.10 5 2002 229 16 7.851 7.599 0.253 4.2 75.93 0.00 9.64 2 .91 3.95 7.56 6 2003 258 16 7.852 7.599 0.253 4.2 75.68 0.00 9.61 2 .90 4.27 7.54 7 2002 28 8 7.850 7.599 0.251 3.3 71.02 0.00 11.48 3. 46 5.04 9.00 8 2003 328 97 7.844 7.599 0.246 3.4 71.20 0.00 11.17 3.37 5.50 8.76 9 2003 270 8 7.839 7.599 0.241 4.2 75.61 0.00 9.60 2. 90 4.35 7.53 10 2001 40 3 7.816 7.599 0.218 3.1 70.12 0.00 12.07 3. 64 4.72 9.46 11 2003 68 3 7.815 7.599 0.217 3.0 69.24 0.00 12.31 3. 71 5.08 9.66 12 2002 313 3 7.811 7.599 0.212 3.4 71.57 0.00 11.23 3 .39 5.01 8.81 13 2003 358 97 7.809 7.599 0.210 3.5 72.97 0.00 11.12 3.35 3.84 8.72 14 2001 297 8 7.804 7.599 0.205 3.8 73.23 0.00 10.28 3 .10 5.32 8.06 15 2002 227 97 7.804 7.599 0.205 4.2 76.26 0.00 9.69 2 .92 3.53 7.60 16 2002 224 3 7.790 7.599 0.191 4.2 75.84 0.00 9.63 2. 91 4.07 7.55 17 2001 181 3 7.784 7.599 0.186 3.8 73.87 0.00 10.37 3 .13 4.51 8.13 18 2002 115 2 7.785 7.599 0.186 2.8 67.67 0.00 12.89 3 .89 5.44 10.11 19 2003 106 16 7.784 7.599 0.186 2.8 67.67 0.00 12.89 3.89 5.43 10.11 20 2002 57 2 7.783 7.599 0.185 3.1 69.91 0.00 12.03 3. 63 5.00 9.43 21 2003 246 3 7.780 7.599 0.181 4.2 75.36 0.00 9.57 2. 89 4.68 7.51 22 2002 222 1 7.778 7.599 0.179 4.2 77.02 0.00 9.78 2. 95 2.57 7.67 23 2003 242 3 7.778 7.599 0.179 4.2 74.99 0.00 9.53 2. 87 5.14 7.47 24 2002 235 16 7.771 7.599 0.173 4.2 75.66 0.00 9.61 2 .90 4.29 7.54 25

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Great Smoky Moun tains (Top 20 Days for Each Year)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY HR REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2001 12 0 434 7.748 7.599 0.149 3.3 71.48 0 11.56 3 .49 4.42 9.06 1 2001 111 0 513 7.713 7.599 0.114 2.7 68.08 0 13.45 4.06 3.87 10.55 2 2001 343 0 364 7.711 7.599 0.112 3.4 72.25 0 11.34 3.42 4.1 8.89 3 2001 113 0 335 7.704 7.599 0.105 2.7 67.27 0 13.29 4.01 5.01 10.42 4 2001 263 0 347 7.681 7.599 0.083 4.2 76.21 0 9.68 2 .92 3.6 7.59 5 2001 341 0 364 7.678 7.599 0.08 3.4 72.61 0 11.39 3 .44 3.63 8.93 6 2001 199 0 340 7.679 7.599 0.08 3.8 75.22 0 10.56 3 .18 2.76 8.28 7 2001 239 0 606 7.669 7.599 0.07 4 75.4 0 10.06 3.03 3.63 7.89 8 2001 112 0 364 7.667 7.599 0.068 2.7 67.26 0 13.29 4.01 5.02 10.42 9 2001 71 0 514 7.665 7.599 0.066 2.9 69.98 0 12.87 3 .88 3.17 10.1 10 2001 297 0 474 7.66 7.599 0.061 3.8 74.76 0 10.5 3. 17 3.35 8.23 11 2001 182 0 606 7.656 7.599 0.057 3.9 75.34 0 10.31 3.11 3.17 8.08 12 2001 198 0 339 7.654 7.599 0.055 3.8 74.99 0 10.53 3.18 3.05 8.26 13 2001 51 0 366 7.647 7.599 0.049 3 71.61 0 12.73 3.8 4 1.83 9.99 14 2001 279 0 605 7.644 7.599 0.045 3.8 74.22 0 10.42 3.14 4.05 8.17 15 2001 114 0 322 7.644 7.599 0.045 2.7 69.02 0 13.64 4.11 2.53 10.69 16 2001 225 0 364 7.643 7.599 0.044 4 76.45 0 10.2 3.0 8 2.28 8 17 2001 103 0 364 7.642 7.599 0.044 2.7 67.76 0 13.39 4.04 4.32 10.5 18 2001 298 0 363 7.641 7.599 0.043 3.8 75.12 0 10.55 3.18 2.88 8.27 19 2001 290 0 366 7.641 7.599 0.043 3.8 75.01 0 10.53 3.18 3.02 8.26 20

2002 228 0 323 7.715 7.599 0.117 4 76.14 0 10.15 3. 06 2.68 7.96 1 2002 365 0 324 7.703 7.599 0.104 3.4 72.66 0 11.4 3 .44 3.57 8.94 2 2002 67 0 470 7.696 7.599 0.097 2.9 70.19 0 12.91 3 .89 2.88 10.13 3 2002 15 0 514 7.676 7.599 0.077 3.3 72.65 0 11.74 3 .54 2.85 9.21 4 2002 138 0 364 7.67 7.599 0.071 3.2 71.74 0 11.96 3 .61 3.32 9.38 5 2002 230 0 351 7.669 7.599 0.07 4 75.3 0 10.04 3.03 3.76 7.87 6 2002 314 0 473 7.666 7.599 0.067 3.3 72.46 0 11.71 3.53 3.11 9.19 7 2002 226 0 606 7.665 7.599 0.066 4 76.31 0 10.18 3. 07 2.46 7.98 8 2002 137 0 474 7.664 7.599 0.065 3.2 72.13 0 12.02 3.63 2.79 9.43 9 2002 227 0 606 7.656 7.599 0.057 4 76.38 0 10.19 3. 07 2.37 7.99 10 2002 32 0 606 7.654 7.599 0.055 3.3 72.52 0 11.72 3 .54 3.03 9.19 11 2002 107 0 770 7.652 7.599 0.053 2.7 68.09 0 13.45 4.06 3.85 10.55 12 2002 28 0 434 7.652 7.599 0.053 3.3 71.82 0 11.61 3 .5 3.97 9.1 13 2002 75 0 341 7.649 7.599 0.05 2.9 69.23 0 12.74 3. 84 4.21 9.99 14 2002 224 0 429 7.645 7.599 0.047 4 75.93 0 10.13 3. 05 2.95 7.94 15 2002 315 0 328 7.643 7.599 0.044 3.3 72.3 0 11.69 3 .53 3.32 9.17 16 2002 294 0 346 7.642 7.599 0.043 3.8 74.44 0 10.45 3.15 3.76 8.2 17 2002 313 0 609 7.641 7.599 0.042 3.3 72 0 11.64 3.5 1 3.73 9.13 18 2002 263 0 381 7.641 7.599 0.042 4.2 75.95 0 9.65 2 .91 3.94 7.56 19 2002 93 0 354 7.64 7.599 0.041 2.7 67.51 0 13.34 4. 02 4.68 10.46 20

2003 291 0 609 7.732 7.599 0.134 3.8 74.74 0 10.49 3.16 3.37 8.23 1 2003 247 0 323 7.687 7.599 0.088 4.2 77.34 0 9.82 2 .96 2.18 7.7 2 2003 51 0 491 7.687 7.599 0.088 3 69.72 0 12.4 3.74 4.42 9.72 3 2003 73 0 361 7.683 7.599 0.084 2.9 68.73 0 12.64 3 .81 4.9 9.91 4 2003 246 0 366 7.667 7.599 0.068 4.2 76.21 0 9.68 2 .92 3.6 7.59 5 2003 240 0 339 7.665 7.599 0.067 4 76.17 0 10.16 3. 06 2.64 7.97 6 2003 64 0 476 7.664 7.599 0.065 2.9 67.49 0 12.42 3 .74 6.62 9.74 7 2003 328 0 606 7.663 7.599 0.064 3.3 72.04 0 11.65 3.51 3.67 9.13 8 2003 77 0 435 7.658 7.599 0.06 2.9 67.54 0 12.43 3. 75 6.54 9.74 9 2003 241 0 322 7.656 7.599 0.058 4 75.92 0 10.13 3. 05 2.96 7.94 10 2003 181 0 435 7.657 7.599 0.058 3.9 74.7 0 10.22 3 .08 3.98 8.01 11 2003 68 0 366 7.653 7.599 0.054 2.9 69.56 0 12.8 3. 86 3.75 10.03 12 2003 320 0 605 7.646 7.599 0.048 3.3 72.71 0 11.75 3.55 2.77 9.22 13 2003 271 0 341 7.645 7.599 0.047 4.2 77.05 0 9.79 2 .95 2.54 7.67 14 2003 56 0 341 7.644 7.599 0.045 3 69.44 0 12.35 3.7 2 4.81 9.68 15 2003 357 0 609 7.642 7.599 0.043 3.4 73.33 0 11.51 3.47 2.67 9.02 16 2003 178 0 945 7.641 7.599 0.042 3.9 75.44 0 10.32 3.11 3.03 8.09 17 2003 107 0 429 7.638 7.599 0.039 2.7 68.17 0 13.47 4.06 3.74 10.56 18 2003 270 0 606 7.637 7.599 0.038 4.2 76.42 0 9.71 2 .93 3.34 7.61 19 2003 108 0 429 7.637 7.599 0.038 2.7 67.62 0 13.36 4.03 4.51 10.48 20

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Great Smoky Moun tains (Top 25 Days Over Three Years)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2001 12 434 7.748 7.599 0.149 3.3 71.48 0.00 11.56 3.49 4.42 9.06 1 2003 291 609 7.732 7.599 0.134 3.8 74.74 0.00 10.49 3.16 3.37 8.23 2 2002 228 323 7.715 7.599 0.117 4.0 76.14 0.00 10.15 3.06 2.68 7.96 3 2001 111 513 7.713 7.599 0.114 2.7 68.08 0.00 13.45 4.06 3.87 10.55 4 2001 343 364 7.711 7.599 0.112 3.4 72.25 0.00 11.34 3.42 4.10 8.89 5 2001 113 335 7.704 7.599 0.105 2.7 67.27 0.00 13.29 4.01 5.01 10.42 6 2002 365 324 7.703 7.599 0.104 3.4 72.66 0.00 11.40 3.44 3.57 8.94 7 2002 67 470 7.696 7.599 0.097 2.9 70.19 0.00 12.91 3.89 2.88 10.13 8 2003 247 323 7.687 7.599 0.088 4.2 77.34 0.00 9.82 2.96 2.18 7.70 9 2003 51 491 7.687 7.599 0.088 3.0 69.72 0.00 12.40 3.74 4.42 9.72 10 2003 73 361 7.683 7.599 0.084 2.9 68.73 0.00 12.64 3.81 4.90 9.91 11 2001 263 347 7.681 7.599 0.083 4.2 76.21 0.00 9.68 2.92 3.60 7.59 12 2001 341 364 7.678 7.599 0.080 3.4 72.61 0.00 11.39 3.44 3.63 8.93 13 2001 199 340 7.679 7.599 0.080 3.8 75.22 0.00 10.56 3.18 2.76 8.28 14 2002 15 514 7.676 7.599 0.077 3.3 72.65 0.00 11.74 3.54 2.85 9.21 15 2002 138 364 7.670 7.599 0.071 3.2 71.74 0.00 11.96 3.61 3.32 9.38 16 2001 239 606 7.669 7.599 0.070 4.0 75.40 0.00 10.06 3.03 3.63 7.89 17 2002 230 351 7.669 7.599 0.070 4.0 75.30 0.00 10.04 3.03 3.76 7.87 18 2001 112 364 7.667 7.599 0.068 2.7 67.26 0.00 13.29 4.01 5.02 10.42 19 2003 246 366 7.667 7.599 0.068 4.2 76.21 0.00 9.68 2.92 3.60 7.59 20 2002 314 473 7.666 7.599 0.067 3.3 72.46 0.00 11.71 3.53 3.11 9.19 21 2003 240 339 7.665 7.599 0.067 4.0 76.17 0.00 10.16 3.06 2.64 7.97 22 2001 71 514 7.665 7.599 0.066 2.9 69.98 0.00 12.87 3.88 3.17 10.10 23 2002 226 606 7.665 7.599 0.066 4.0 76.31 0.00 10.18 3.07 2.46 7.98 24 2002 137 474 7.664 7.599 0.065 3.2 72.13 0.00 12.02 3.63 2.79 9.43 25

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Joyce Kilmer (To p 20 Days for Each Year)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY HR REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2001 12 0 239 7.783 7.608 0.175 3.3 71.18 0 11.51 3 .47 4.82 9.02 1 2001 199 0 226 7.712 7.608 0.104 4 75.92 0 10.13 3. 05 2.96 7.94 2 2001 113 0 225 7.686 7.608 0.078 2.7 67.33 0 13.3 4 .01 4.92 10.43 3 2001 263 0 225 7.683 7.608 0.075 4.2 76 0 9.65 2.91 3.87 7.57 4 2001 297 0 278 7.678 7.608 0.069 3.8 74.63 0 10.48 3.16 3.52 8.22 5 2001 239 0 317 7.675 7.608 0.067 4.2 76.35 0 9.7 2. 92 3.42 7.6 6 2001 51 0 221 7.674 7.608 0.066 3.1 71.93 0 12.38 3 .73 2.25 9.71 7 2001 71 0 317 7.671 7.608 0.063 2.9 69.93 0 12.86 3 .88 3.24 10.09 8 2001 182 0 317 7.663 7.608 0.055 3.8 74.76 0 10.5 3 .17 3.35 8.23 9 2001 198 0 225 7.66 7.608 0.052 4 75.79 0 10.11 3.0 5 3.12 7.93 10 2001 290 0 239 7.659 7.608 0.051 3.8 74.74 0 10.49 3.16 3.37 8.23 11 2001 229 0 270 7.656 7.608 0.048 4.2 77.98 0 9.9 2. 99 1.36 7.77 12 2001 112 0 226 7.656 7.608 0.048 2.7 69.89 0 13.81 4.16 1.31 10.83 13 2001 327 0 270 7.651 7.608 0.043 3.3 70.78 0 11.44 3.45 5.35 8.97 14 2001 230 0 239 7.647 7.608 0.039 4.2 76.11 0 9.67 2 .92 3.72 7.58 15 2001 123 0 317 7.646 7.608 0.038 3.3 72.57 0 11.73 3.54 2.96 9.2 16 2001 341 0 225 7.642 7.608 0.034 3.5 73.17 0 11.15 3.36 3.56 8.75 17 2001 225 0 222 7.641 7.608 0.033 4.2 76.34 0 9.7 2. 92 3.43 7.6 18 2001 114 0 225 7.64 7.608 0.032 2.7 68.83 0 13.6 4. 1 2.8 10.67 19 2001 97 0 259 7.64 7.608 0.032 2.7 68.09 0 13.45 4. 06 3.85 10.55 20

2002 365 0 225 7.729 7.608 0.121 3.5 72.98 0 11.12 3.35 3.82 8.72 1 2002 228 0 225 7.703 7.608 0.095 4.2 77.17 0 9.8 2. 96 2.38 7.69 2 2002 15 0 317 7.69 7.608 0.082 3.3 72.56 0 11.73 3. 54 2.98 9.2 3 2002 314 0 239 7.688 7.608 0.08 3.3 72.01 0 11.64 3 .51 3.71 9.13 4 2002 137 0 270 7.683 7.608 0.075 3.3 72.34 0 11.7 3 .53 3.26 9.17 5 2002 230 0 225 7.683 7.608 0.074 4.2 76.12 0 9.67 2 .92 3.71 7.58 6 2002 226 0 310 7.677 7.608 0.069 4.2 77.07 0 9.79 2 .95 2.51 7.68 7 2002 67 0 225 7.677 7.608 0.069 2.9 69.93 0 12.86 3 .88 3.24 10.09 8 2002 28 0 239 7.675 7.608 0.067 3.3 71.47 0 11.55 3 .48 4.43 9.06 9 2002 75 0 221 7.674 7.608 0.066 2.9 68.83 0 12.66 3 .82 4.76 9.93 10 2002 29 0 221 7.665 7.608 0.057 3.3 71.81 0 11.61 3 .5 3.98 9.1 11 2002 227 0 317 7.665 7.608 0.056 4.2 77.24 0 9.81 2 .96 2.3 7.69 12 2002 224 0 270 7.664 7.608 0.056 4.2 76.72 0 9.74 2 .94 2.95 7.64 13 2002 32 0 317 7.664 7.608 0.056 3.3 72.47 0 11.71 3 .53 3.1 9.19 14 2002 207 0 221 7.661 7.608 0.053 4 75.67 0 10.09 3. 04 3.28 7.91 15 2002 107 0 259 7.661 7.608 0.053 2.7 67.71 0 13.38 4.04 4.38 10.49 16 2002 313 0 310 7.655 7.608 0.047 3.3 71.63 0 11.58 3.49 4.21 9.08 17 2002 85 0 222 7.655 7.608 0.047 2.9 69.3 0 12.75 3. 85 4.11 10 18 2002 294 0 225 7.654 7.608 0.046 3.8 74.18 0 10.41 3.14 4.1 8.17 19 2002 225 0 270 7.653 7.608 0.045 4.2 77.27 0 9.81 2 .96 2.26 7.7 20

2003 291 0 310 7.749 7.608 0.141 3.8 74.66 0 10.48 3.16 3.48 8.22 1 2003 51 0 225 7.692 7.608 0.084 3.1 70.2 0 12.08 3. 64 4.6 9.47 2 2003 64 0 278 7.691 7.608 0.083 2.9 67.41 0 12.4 3. 74 6.72 9.72 3 2003 246 0 239 7.689 7.608 0.081 4.2 76.11 0 9.67 2 .92 3.73 7.58 4 2003 247 0 225 7.679 7.608 0.071 4.2 77.5 0 9.84 2. 97 1.96 7.72 5 2003 68 0 221 7.675 7.608 0.067 2.9 69.17 0 12.72 3 .84 4.3 9.98 6 2003 328 0 310 7.673 7.608 0.065 3.3 71.99 0 11.64 3.51 3.74 9.13 7 2003 181 0 221 7.673 7.608 0.065 3.8 74.16 0 10.41 3.14 4.12 8.16 8 2003 240 0 225 7.672 7.608 0.064 4.2 77.07 0 9.79 2 .95 2.51 7.68 9 2003 271 0 225 7.671 7.608 0.063 4.2 76.79 0 9.75 2 .94 2.86 7.65 10 2003 77 0 253 7.67 7.608 0.062 2.9 67.42 0 12.4 3.7 4 6.71 9.73 11 2003 241 0 225 7.668 7.608 0.06 4.2 76.76 0 9.75 2. 94 2.9 7.65 12 2003 73 0 225 7.66 7.608 0.052 2.9 68.47 0 12.6 3.8 5.25 9.88 13 2003 56 0 225 7.659 7.608 0.051 3.1 69.93 0 12.03 3 .63 4.97 9.44 14 2003 108 0 239 7.658 7.608 0.05 2.7 67.4 0 13.32 4. 02 4.83 10.44 15 2003 107 0 239 7.657 7.608 0.049 2.7 68.03 0 13.44 4.05 3.93 10.54 16 2003 357 0 317 7.655 7.608 0.047 3.5 73.69 0 11.23 3.39 2.88 8.81 17 2003 270 0 278 7.648 7.608 0.04 4.2 76.32 0 9.69 2. 92 3.45 7.6 18 2003 178 0 319 7.646 7.608 0.038 3.8 75.38 0 10.58 3.19 2.54 8.3 19 2003 119 0 241 7.644 7.608 0.036 2.7 67.74 0 13.38 4.04 4.34 10.5 20

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Joyce Kilmer (To p 25 Days Over Three Years)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2001 12 239 7.783 7.608 0.175 3.3 71.18 0.00 11.51 3.47 4.82 9.02 1 2003 291 310 7.749 7.608 0.141 3.8 74.66 0.00 10.48 3.16 3.48 8.22 2 2002 365 225 7.729 7.608 0.121 3.5 72.98 0.00 11.12 3.35 3.82 8.72 3 2001 199 226 7.712 7.608 0.104 4.0 75.92 0.00 10.13 3.05 2.96 7.94 4 2002 228 225 7.703 7.608 0.095 4.2 77.17 0.00 9.80 2.96 2.38 7.69 5 2003 51 225 7.692 7.608 0.084 3.1 70.20 0.00 12.08 3.64 4.60 9.47 6 2003 64 278 7.691 7.608 0.083 2.9 67.41 0.00 12.40 3.74 6.72 9.72 7 2002 15 317 7.690 7.608 0.082 3.3 72.56 0.00 11.73 3.54 2.98 9.20 8 2003 246 239 7.689 7.608 0.081 4.2 76.11 0.00 9.67 2.92 3.73 7.58 9 2002 314 239 7.688 7.608 0.080 3.3 72.01 0.00 11.64 3.51 3.71 9.13 10 2001 113 225 7.686 7.608 0.078 2.7 67.33 0.00 13.30 4.01 4.92 10.43 11 2001 263 225 7.683 7.608 0.075 4.2 76.00 0.00 9.65 2.91 3.87 7.57 12 2002 137 270 7.683 7.608 0.075 3.3 72.34 0.00 11.70 3.53 3.26 9.17 13 2002 230 225 7.683 7.608 0.074 4.2 76.12 0.00 9.67 2.92 3.71 7.58 14 2003 247 225 7.679 7.608 0.071 4.2 77.50 0.00 9.84 2.97 1.96 7.72 15 2001 297 278 7.678 7.608 0.069 3.8 74.63 0.00 10.48 3.16 3.52 8.22 16 2002 226 310 7.677 7.608 0.069 4.2 77.07 0.00 9.79 2.95 2.51 7.68 17 2002 67 225 7.677 7.608 0.069 2.9 69.93 0.00 12.86 3.88 3.24 10.09 18 2001 239 317 7.675 7.608 0.067 4.2 76.35 0.00 9.70 2.92 3.42 7.60 19 2002 28 239 7.675 7.608 0.067 3.3 71.47 0.00 11.55 3.48 4.43 9.06 20 2003 68 221 7.675 7.608 0.067 2.9 69.17 0.00 12.72 3.84 4.30 9.98 21 2001 51 221 7.674 7.608 0.066 3.1 71.93 0.00 12.38 3.73 2.25 9.71 22 2002 75 221 7.674 7.608 0.066 2.9 68.83 0.00 12.66 3.82 4.76 9.93 23 2003 328 310 7.673 7.608 0.065 3.3 71.99 0.00 11.64 3.51 3.74 9.13 24 2003 181 221 7.673 7.608 0.065 3.8 74.16 0.00 10.41 3.14 4.12 8.16 25

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Shining Rock (To p 20 Days for Each Year)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY HR REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2001 279 0 1267 7.673 7.608 0.065 3.8 74.08 0 10.4 3.14 4.22 8.16 1 2001 199 0 1265 7.662 7.608 0.054 4.1 76.91 0 10.01 3.02 2.21 7.85 2 2001 111 0 1265 7.662 7.608 0.054 2.7 68.86 0 13.61 4.1 2.76 10.67 3 2001 112 0 1265 7.655 7.608 0.047 2.7 67.48 0 13.33 4.02 4.7 10.46 4 2001 343 0 1266 7.65 7.608 0.042 3.4 72.08 0 11.31 3.41 4.32 8.87 5 2001 298 0 1265 7.649 7.608 0.041 3.8 74.6 0 10.47 3.16 3.56 8.21 6 2001 198 0 1265 7.649 7.608 0.04 4.1 76.68 0 9.98 3 .01 2.51 7.82 7 2001 143 0 1210 7.646 7.608 0.038 3.4 71.77 0 11.26 3.4 4.75 8.83 8 2001 102 0 1235 7.646 7.608 0.038 2.7 67.8 0 13.4 4 .04 4.25 10.51 9 2001 341 0 1313 7.644 7.608 0.036 3.4 73.4 0 11.52 3.47 2.58 9.03 10 2001 332 0 1210 7.643 7.608 0.035 3.3 70.9 0 11.46 3.46 5.19 8.99 11 2001 331 0 1210 7.641 7.608 0.033 3.3 71.4 0 11.54 3.48 4.52 9.05 12 2001 297 0 1216 7.639 7.608 0.031 3.8 73.25 0 10.28 3.1 5.3 8.06 13 2001 224 0 1210 7.638 7.608 0.03 4.5 78.88 0 9.35 2 .82 1.61 7.33 14 2001 327 0 1266 7.634 7.608 0.025 3.3 70.35 0 11.37 3.43 5.92 8.92 15 2001 12 0 1265 7.633 7.608 0.025 3.3 72.94 0 11.79 3.56 2.46 9.25 16 2001 225 0 1313 7.632 7.608 0.024 4.5 78.79 0 9.34 2.82 1.72 7.33 17 2001 113 0 1313 7.631 7.608 0.023 2.7 67.71 0 13.38 4.03 4.39 10.49 18 2001 52 0 1210 7.631 7.608 0.023 3 69.48 0 12.35 3. 73 4.75 9.69 19 2001 200 0 1211 7.63 7.608 0.022 4.1 77.13 0 10.04 3.03 1.93 7.87 20

2002 67 0 1265 7.676 7.608 0.068 2.9 70.18 0 12.91 3.89 2.89 10.12 1 2002 130 0 1265 7.661 7.608 0.052 3.4 72.09 0 11.31 3.41 4.31 8.87 2 2002 330 0 1206 7.655 7.608 0.047 3.3 70.76 0 11.44 3.45 5.38 8.97 3 2002 31 0 1211 7.653 7.608 0.045 3.3 71.7 0 11.59 3 .5 4.12 9.09 4 2002 106 0 1265 7.652 7.608 0.044 2.7 67.08 0 13.25 4 5.28 10.39 5 2002 208 0 1314 7.645 7.608 0.037 4.1 76.29 0 9.93 2.99 3 7.78 6 2002 365 0 1265 7.641 7.608 0.033 3.4 71.32 0 11.19 3.38 5.33 8.78 7 2002 324 0 1236 7.64 7.608 0.032 3.3 71.17 0 11.5 3 .47 4.83 9.02 8 2002 319 0 1250 7.64 7.608 0.032 3.3 70.21 0 11.35 3.42 6.12 8.9 9 2002 129 0 1210 7.64 7.608 0.032 3.4 72.19 0 11.33 3.42 4.18 8.88 10 2002 66 0 1265 7.639 7.608 0.031 2.9 70.53 0 12.97 3.91 2.4 10.17 11 2002 29 0 1210 7.639 7.608 0.031 3.3 72.24 0 11.68 3.52 3.39 9.16 12 2002 107 0 1265 7.639 7.608 0.03 2.7 68.04 0 13.44 4.05 3.91 10.54 13 2002 15 0 1266 7.638 7.608 0.03 3.3 71.17 0 11.51 3 .47 4.83 9.02 14 2002 75 0 1313 7.635 7.608 0.027 2.9 70.77 0 13.02 3.93 2.08 10.21 15 2002 230 0 1314 7.632 7.608 0.024 4.5 77.91 0 9.24 2.79 2.81 7.24 16 2002 229 0 1252 7.631 7.608 0.023 4.5 77.5 0 9.19 2 .77 3.33 7.2 17 2002 57 0 1301 7.631 7.608 0.023 3 69.82 0 12.42 3. 74 4.28 9.74 18 2002 132 0 1265 7.63 7.608 0.022 3.4 73.94 0 11.6 3 .5 1.86 9.1 19 2002 207 0 1252 7.629 7.608 0.021 4.1 75.96 0 9.88 2.98 3.42 7.75 20

2003 320 0 1222 7.676 7.608 0.068 3.3 72.65 0 11.74 3.54 2.85 9.21 1 2003 240 0 1211 7.675 7.608 0.067 4.5 78.22 0 9.27 2.8 2.43 7.27 2 2003 247 0 1267 7.667 7.608 0.059 4.4 77.24 0 9.36 2.82 3.23 7.34 3 2003 241 0 1265 7.659 7.608 0.051 4.5 78.35 0 9.29 2.8 2.28 7.28 4 2003 156 0 1210 7.658 7.608 0.05 3.9 74.09 0 10.14 3.06 4.76 7.95 5 2003 187 0 1211 7.657 7.608 0.049 4.1 77.08 0 10.03 3.03 1.99 7.87 6 2003 357 0 1235 7.655 7.608 0.047 3.4 71.71 0 11.25 3.39 4.82 8.82 7 2003 304 0 1210 7.655 7.608 0.047 3.8 75.3 0 10.57 3.19 2.65 8.29 8 2003 85 0 1210 7.646 7.608 0.038 2.9 70.64 0 13 3.9 2 2.25 10.19 9 2003 344 0 1210 7.643 7.608 0.035 3.4 71.62 0 11.24 3.39 4.95 8.81 10 2003 160 0 1206 7.642 7.608 0.034 3.9 75.11 0 10.27 3.1 3.45 8.06 11 2003 188 0 1210 7.641 7.608 0.033 4.1 77.06 0 10.03 3.02 2.03 7.86 12 2003 291 0 1267 7.64 7.608 0.032 3.8 74.42 0 10.45 3.15 3.78 8.19 13 2003 163 0 1265 7.636 7.608 0.028 3.9 75.83 0 10.37 3.13 2.52 8.13 14 2003 132 0 1210 7.636 7.608 0.028 3.4 72.21 0 11.33 3.42 4.16 8.88 15 2003 51 0 1313 7.636 7.608 0.028 3 70.5 0 12.54 3.7 8 3.34 9.83 16 2003 350 0 1267 7.634 7.608 0.026 3.4 70.73 0 11.1 3.35 6.13 8.7 17 2003 178 0 1265 7.634 7.608 0.026 3.9 74.81 0 10.23 3.09 3.84 8.02 18 2003 166 0 1210 7.633 7.608 0.025 3.9 74.52 0 10.19 3.07 4.21 7.99 19 2003 356 0 1206 7.631 7.608 0.023 3.4 71.36 0 11.2 3.38 5.28 8.78 20

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Shining Rock (To p 25 Days Over Three Years)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2002 67 1265 7.676 7.608 0.068 2.9 70.18 0.00 12.91 3.89 2.89 10.12 1 2003 320 1222 7.676 7.608 0.068 3.3 72.65 0.00 11.7 4 3.54 2.85 9.21 2 2003 240 1211 7.675 7.608 0.067 4.5 78.22 0.00 9.27 2.80 2.43 7.27 3 2001 279 1267 7.673 7.608 0.065 3.8 74.08 0.00 10.4 0 3.14 4.22 8.16 4 2003 247 1267 7.667 7.608 0.059 4.4 77.24 0.00 9.36 2.82 3.23 7.34 5 2001 199 1265 7.662 7.608 0.054 4.1 76.91 0.00 10.0 1 3.02 2.21 7.85 6 2001 111 1265 7.662 7.608 0.054 2.7 68.86 0.00 13.6 1 4.10 2.76 10.67 7 2002 130 1265 7.661 7.608 0.052 3.4 72.09 0.00 11.3 1 3.41 4.31 8.87 8 2003 241 1265 7.659 7.608 0.051 4.5 78.35 0.00 9.29 2.80 2.28 7.28 9 2003 156 1210 7.658 7.608 0.050 3.9 74.09 0.00 10.1 4 3.06 4.76 7.95 10 2003 187 1211 7.657 7.608 0.049 4.1 77.08 0.00 10.0 3 3.03 1.99 7.87 11 2001 112 1265 7.655 7.608 0.047 2.7 67.48 0.00 13.3 3 4.02 4.70 10.46 12 2002 330 1206 7.655 7.608 0.047 3.3 70.76 0.00 11.4 4 3.45 5.38 8.97 13 2003 357 1235 7.655 7.608 0.047 3.4 71.71 0.00 11.2 5 3.39 4.82 8.82 14 2003 304 1210 7.655 7.608 0.047 3.8 75.30 0.00 10.5 7 3.19 2.65 8.29 15 2002 31 1211 7.653 7.608 0.045 3.3 71.70 0.00 11.59 3.50 4.12 9.09 16 2002 106 1265 7.652 7.608 0.044 2.7 67.08 0.00 13.2 5 4.00 5.28 10.39 17 2001 343 1266 7.650 7.608 0.042 3.4 72.08 0.00 11.3 1 3.41 4.32 8.87 18 2001 298 1265 7.649 7.608 0.041 3.8 74.60 0.00 10.4 7 3.16 3.56 8.21 19 2001 198 1265 7.649 7.608 0.040 4.1 76.68 0.00 9.98 3.01 2.51 7.82 20 2001 143 1210 7.646 7.608 0.038 3.4 71.77 0.00 11.2 6 3.40 4.75 8.83 21 2001 102 1235 7.646 7.608 0.038 2.7 67.80 0.00 13.4 0 4.04 4.25 10.51 22 2003 85 1210 7.646 7.608 0.038 2.9 70.64 0.00 13.00 3.92 2.25 10.19 23 2002 208 1314 7.645 7.608 0.037 4.1 76.29 0.00 9.93 2.99 3.00 7.78 24 2001 341 1313 7.644 7.608 0.036 3.4 73.40 0.00 11.5 2 3.47 2.58 9.03 25

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Sipsey (Top 20 D ays for Each Year)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY HR REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2001 215 0 1205 7.608 7.552 0.057 3.9 76.24 0 10.43 3.15 2.01 8.18 1 2001 79 0 1204 7.604 7.552 0.053 2.9 69.82 0 12.84 3.87 3.39 10.07 2 2001 304 0 1092 7.6 7.552 0.048 3.6 74.39 0 11.02 3 .32 2.62 8.64 3 2001 317 0 1147 7.595 7.552 0.043 3.3 72.72 0 11.76 3.55 2.75 9.22 4 2001 216 0 1092 7.588 7.552 0.037 3.9 76 0 10.4 3.1 4 2.31 8.15 5 2001 346 0 1092 7.584 7.552 0.032 3.4 72.71 0 11.41 3.44 3.5 8.95 6 2001 311 0 1092 7.581 7.552 0.029 3.3 72.22 0 11.67 3.52 3.43 9.15 7 2001 274 0 1092 7.573 7.552 0.021 3.9 74.1 0 10.14 3.06 4.76 7.95 8 2001 257 0 1129 7.573 7.552 0.021 3.9 75.16 0 10.28 3.1 3.4 8.06 9 2001 338 0 1147 7.57 7.552 0.019 3.4 72.08 0 11.31 3.41 4.33 8.87 10 2001 292 0 1147 7.569 7.552 0.018 3.6 74.24 0 11 3. 32 2.82 8.63 11 2001 312 0 1065 7.569 7.552 0.017 3.3 72.88 0 11.78 3.55 2.55 9.24 12 2001 206 0 1129 7.569 7.552 0.017 3.9 74.68 0 10.22 3.08 4.02 8.01 13 2001 43 0 1092 7.567 7.552 0.016 3.1 72.56 0 12.49 3.77 1.4 9.79 14 2001 214 0 1147 7.567 7.552 0.015 3.9 76.46 0 10.46 3.15 1.72 8.2 15 2001 204 0 1147 7.565 7.552 0.013 3.9 76.2 0 10.42 3.14 2.06 8.17 16 2001 326 0 1129 7.564 7.552 0.012 3.3 73.83 0 11.93 3.6 1.27 9.36 17 2001 171 0 1204 7.562 7.552 0.011 3.7 75.56 0 10.89 3.29 1.71 8.54 18 2001 89 0 1165 7.563 7.552 0.011 2.9 70.03 0 12.88 3.89 3.11 10.1 19 2001 120 0 1129 7.562 7.552 0.01 2.8 69.66 0 13.27 4 2.66 10.41 20

2002 244 0 1147 7.663 7.552 0.112 3.9 75.35 0 10.31 3.11 3.15 8.08 1 2002 242 0 1205 7.604 7.552 0.052 3.9 75.22 0 10.29 3.1 3.32 8.07 2 2002 247 0 1063 7.601 7.552 0.049 3.9 76.28 0 10.43 3.15 1.96 8.18 3 2002 241 0 1092 7.597 7.552 0.045 3.9 74.52 0 10.19 3.07 4.22 7.99 4 2002 273 0 1204 7.596 7.552 0.044 3.9 75.67 0 10.35 3.12 2.74 8.12 5 2002 243 0 1204 7.592 7.552 0.04 3.9 75.41 0 10.31 3.11 3.08 8.09 6 2002 253 0 1067 7.59 7.552 0.039 3.9 75.02 0 10.26 3.1 3.57 8.05 7 2002 344 0 1204 7.59 7.552 0.038 3.4 73.52 0 11.54 3.48 2.41 9.05 8 2002 245 0 1204 7.588 7.552 0.036 3.9 75.66 0 10.35 3.12 2.75 8.12 9 2002 297 0 1205 7.584 7.552 0.033 3.6 74.49 0 11.04 3.33 2.49 8.66 10 2002 3 0 1129 7.583 7.552 0.031 3.4 72.68 0 11.4 3. 44 3.53 8.94 11 2002 246 0 1129 7.581 7.552 0.029 3.9 76.68 0 10.49 3.16 1.44 8.22 12 2002 339 0 1147 7.578 7.552 0.026 3.4 71.86 0 11.28 3.4 4.62 8.84 13 2002 170 0 1129 7.578 7.552 0.026 3.7 74.61 0 10.76 3.24 2.95 8.44 14 2002 345 0 1204 7.577 7.552 0.025 3.4 73.86 0 11.59 3.5 1.97 9.09 15 2002 143 0 1147 7.576 7.552 0.024 3.3 72.43 0 11.71 3.53 3.14 9.18 16 2002 173 0 1201 7.574 7.552 0.022 3.7 73.32 0 10.57 3.19 4.63 8.29 17 2002 288 0 1065 7.572 7.552 0.02 3.6 73.91 0 10.95 3.3 3.25 8.59 18 2002 251 0 1204 7.571 7.552 0.02 3.9 76.81 0 10.51 3.17 1.28 8.24 19 2002 218 0 1092 7.571 7.552 0.02 3.9 73.98 0 10.12 3.05 4.91 7.94 20

2003 251 0 1067 7.639 7.552 0.087 3.9 74.84 0 10.24 3.09 3.81 8.03 1 2003 250 0 1201 7.622 7.552 0.07 3.9 75.09 0 10.27 3.1 3.49 8.05 2 2003 261 0 1067 7.621 7.552 0.069 3.9 74.88 0 10.24 3.09 3.76 8.03 3 2003 308 0 1092 7.616 7.552 0.064 3.3 72.9 0 11.78 3.55 2.52 9.24 4 2003 285 0 1204 7.613 7.552 0.061 3.6 73.85 0 10.94 3.3 3.33 8.58 5 2003 282 0 1058 7.606 7.552 0.054 3.6 73.23 0 10.85 3.27 4.13 8.51 6 2003 283 0 1092 7.594 7.552 0.042 3.6 74.42 0 11.03 3.33 2.58 8.65 7 2003 348 0 1204 7.592 7.552 0.04 3.4 71.42 0 11.21 3.38 5.2 8.79 8 2003 262 0 1092 7.59 7.552 0.038 3.9 74.13 0 10.14 3.06 4.72 7.95 9 2003 284 0 1147 7.589 7.552 0.037 3.6 75.14 0 11.13 3.36 1.64 8.73 10 2003 255 0 1092 7.588 7.552 0.036 3.9 75.85 0 10.38 3.13 2.51 8.14 11 2003 315 0 1110 7.576 7.552 0.024 3.3 71.79 0 11.61 3.5 4.01 9.1 12 2003 78 0 1205 7.573 7.552 0.021 2.9 69.62 0 12.81 3.86 3.67 10.04 13 2003 175 0 1147 7.572 7.552 0.02 3.7 73.83 0 10.64 3.21 3.97 8.35 14 2003 74 0 1147 7.572 7.552 0.02 2.9 70.46 0 12.96 3 .91 2.52 10.16 15 2003 239 0 1147 7.569 7.552 0.017 3.9 75.91 0 10.38 3.13 2.44 8.14 16 2003 76 0 1204 7.568 7.552 0.016 2.9 70.19 0 12.91 3.89 2.88 10.13 17 2003 307 0 1092 7.565 7.552 0.013 3.3 72.37 0 11.7 3.53 3.22 9.17 18 2003 281 0 1092 7.565 7.552 0.013 3.6 74.61 0 11.06 3.33 2.33 8.67 19 2003 265 0 1147 7.564 7.552 0.013 3.9 76.11 0 10.41 3.14 2.18 8.16 20

### Ranked Daily Visibility Change for Sipsey (Top 25 D ays Over Three Years)

% of Modeled Extinction by Species

YEAR DAY REC DV(Total) DV(BKG) DELTA DV F(RH) %_SO4 %_NO3 %_OC %_EC %_PMC %_PMF Ranking 2002 244 1147 7.663 7.552 0.112 3.9 75.35 0.00 10.3 1 3.11 3.15 8.08 1 2003 251 1067 7.639 7.552 0.087 3.9 74.84 0.00 10.2 4 3.09 3.81 8.03 2 2003 250 1201 7.622 7.552 0.070 3.9 75.09 0.00 10.2 7 3.10 3.49 8.05 3 2003 261 1067 7.621 7.552 0.069 3.9 74.88 0.00 10.2 4 3.09 3.76 8.03 4 2003 308 1092 7.616 7.552 0.064 3.3 72.90 0.00 11.7 8 3.55 2.52 9.24 5 2003 285 1204 7.613 7.552 0.061 3.6 73.85 0.00 10.9 4 3.30 3.33 8.58 6 2001 215 1205 7.608 7.552 0.057 3.9 76.24 0.00 10.4 3 3.15 2.01 8.18 7 2003 282 1058 7.606 7.552 0.054 3.6 73.23 0.00 10.8 5 3.27 4.13 8.51 8 2001 79 1204 7.604 7.552 0.053 2.9 69.82 0.00 12.84 3.87 3.39 10.07 9 2002 242 1205 7.604 7.552 0.052 3.9 75.22 0.00 10.2 9 3.10 3.32 8.07 10 2002 247 1063 7.601 7.552 0.049 3.9 76.28 0.00 10.4 3 3.15 1.96 8.18 11 2001 304 1092 7.600 7.552 0.048 3.6 74.39 0.00 11.0 2 3.32 2.62 8.64 12 2002 241 1092 7.597 7.552 0.045 3.9 74.52 0.00 10.1 9 3.07 4.22 7.99 13 2002 273 1204 7.596 7.552 0.044 3.9 75.67 0.00 10.3 5 3.12 2.74 8.12 14 2001 317 1147 7.595 7.552 0.043 3.3 72.72 0.00 11.7 6 3.55 2.75 9.22 15 2003 283 1092 7.594 7.552 0.042 3.6 74.42 0.00 11.0 3 3.33 2.58 8.65 16 2002 243 1204 7.592 7.552 0.040 3.9 75.41 0.00 10.3 1 3.11 3.08 8.09 17 2003 348 1204 7.592 7.552 0.040 3.4 71.42 0.00 11.2 1 3.38 5.20 8.79 18 2002 253 1067 7.590 7.552 0.039 3.9 75.02 0.00 10.2 6 3.10 3.57 8.05 19 2002 344 1204 7.590 7.552 0.038 3.4 73.52 0.00 11.5 4 3.48 2.41 9.05 20 2003 262 1092 7.590 7.552 0.038 3.9 74.13 0.00 10.1 4 3.06 4.72 7.95 21 2001 216 1092 7.588 7.552 0.037 3.9 76.00 0.00 10.4 0 3.14 2.31 8.15 22 2003 284 1147 7.589 7.552 0.037 3.6 75.14 0.00 11.1 3 3.36 1.64 8.73 23 2002 245 1204 7.588 7.552 0.036 3.9 75.66 0.00 10.3 5 3.12 2.75 8.12 24 2003 255 1092 7.588 7.552 0.036 3.9 75.85 0.00 10.3 8 3.13 2.51 8.14 25