Skip directly to site content Skip directly to search


Español  Other Languages


Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC twenty four seven. Saving Lives, Protecting People
 Search

		Submit


Suicide Prevention


Section Navigation
			
			CDC Home








Publications						Print
																Related Pages
										Jump to...
			Fact Sheets and DefinitionsCDC ReportsOther PublicationsMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)Journal ArticlesImage of suicide prevention publicationsFact Sheets and DefinitionsPreventing Suicide Fact Sheet [PDF – 2 pages]
CDC’s fact sheet that includes definitions, consequences, and prevention strategies for preventing suicideSelf-Directed Violence Surveillance [PDF – 96 pages]Vital Signs: Suicide Rising Across the U.S. [PDF – 4 pages]Vital Signs: Firearm Deaths Grow, Disparities WidenTop of PageCDC ReportsFeatured: Suicide Prevention Resource for Action
CDC’s Suicide Prevention Resource for Action (Prevention Resource) details the strategies with the best available evidence to reduce suicide. The Prevention Resource can help states and communities prioritize suicide prevention activities most likely to have an impact.The State of State, Territorial, and Tribal Suicide Prevention: Findings from a Web-Based Survey [PDF – 77 pages]The State of State, Territorial, and Tribal Suicide Prevention: Findings from Reviews of Suicide Prevention Plans [PDF – 32 pages]The State of State, Territorial, and Tribal Suicide Prevention: Findings from Key Informant Interviews and Qualitative Web-Based Survey Questions [PDF – 32 pages]Preventing Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs): Leveraging the Best Available Evidence [PDF – 40 pages]Top of PageOther Publications""Recommendations for Media Reporting on SuicideExternal Link Icon""National Strategy for Suicide PreventionExternal Link Icon""World Health Organization Report on Preventing SuicideExternal Link Icon[PDF]""Preventing Suicide: A Resource for Media ProfessionalsExternal Link Icon[PDF]""National Strategy for Preventing Veteran SuicideExternal Link Icon[PDF]""African American Youth Suicide: Report to CongressExternal Link Icon[PDF]Top of PageMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR)Often called “the voice of CDC,” the MMWR series is the agency’s primary vehicle for scientific publication of timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and useful public health information and recommendations. All material in the MMWR series is in the public domain and may be used and reprinted without special permission; citation as to source, however, is appreciated.**2023**SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIORS AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS — YOUTH RISK BEHAVIOR SURVEY, UNITED STATES, 2021Gaylor EM, Krause KH, Welder LE, et al. Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among High School Students — Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2021. MMWR Suppl 2023;72(Suppl-1):45–54. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.su7201a6.**2023**SUSPECTED SUICIDE ATTEMPTS BY SELF-POISONING AMONG PERSONS AGED 10–19 YEARS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC — UNITED STATES, 2020–2022Farah R, Rege SV, Cole RJ, Holstege CP. Suspected Suicide Attempts by Self-Poisoning Among Persons Aged 10–19 Years During the COVID-19 Pandemic — United States, 2020–2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2023;72:426–430. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7216a3.**2022**ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND ASSOCIATIONS WITH POOR MENTAL HEALTH AND SUICIDAL BEHAVIORS AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS — ADOLESCENT BEHAVIORS AND EXPERIENCES SURVEY, UNITED STATES, JANUARY – JUNE 2021Anderson KN, Swedo EA, Trinh E, et al. Adverse Childhood Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Associations with Poor Mental Health and Suicidal Behaviors Among High School Students — Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey, United States, January–June 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:1301–1305. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7141a2.**2022**SUICIDES AMONG AMERICAN INDIAN OR ALASKA NATIVE PERSONS — NATIONAL VIOLENT DEATH REPORTING SYSTEM, UNITED STATES, 2015 – 2020Stone D, Trinh E, Zhou H, et al. Suicides Among American Indian or Alaska Native Persons — National Violent Death Reporting System, United States, 2015–2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:1161–1168. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7137a1.**2022**QUICKSTATS: AGE-ADJUSTED SUICIDE RATES FOR THE THREE LEADING METHODS OF SUICIDE, BY RACE AND ETHNICITY — NATIONAL VITAL STATISTICS SYSTEM, UNITED STATES, 2020*QuickStats*: Age-Adjusted Suicide Rates for the Three Leading Methods of Suicide, by Race and Ethnicity — National Vital Statistics System, United States, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:979. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7130a6.**2022**Vital Signs: Changes in Firearm Homicide and Suicide Rates — United States, 2019–2020Kegler SR, Simon TR, Zwald ML, et al. *Vital Signs*: Changes in Firearm Homicide and Suicide Rates — United States, 2019–2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:656–663. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7119e1.**2022**Changes in Suicide Rates — United States, 2019 and 2020Ehlman DC, Yard E, Stone DM, Jones CM, Mack KA. Changes in Suicide Rates — United States, 2019 and 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:306–312. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7108a5.**2022**Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Adults Aged ≥18 Years — United States, 2015–2019Ivey-Stephenson AZ, Crosby AE, Hoenig JM, Gyawali S, Park-Lee E, Hedden SL. Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Adults Aged ≥18 Years — United States, 2015–2019. MMWR Surveill Summ 2022;71(No. SS-1):1–19. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss7101a1.**2021**Emergency Department Visits for Suspected Suicide Attempts Among Persons Aged 12–25 Years Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic — United States, January 2019–May 2021Yard E, Radhakrishnan L, Ballesteros MF, et al. Emergency Department Visits for Suspected Suicide Attempts Among Persons Aged 12–25 Years Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic — United States, January 2019–May 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021;70:888–894. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7024e1.**2023**ASSOCIATION OF MENTAL HEALTH CONDITIONS, RECENT STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS, AND ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES WITH POSTPARTUM SUBSTANCE USE ― SEVEN STATES, 2019–2020Stewart A, Ko J, Salvesen von Essen B, et al. Association of Mental Health Conditions, Recent Stressful Life Events, and Adverse Childhood Experiences with Postpartum Substance Use ― Seven States, 2019–2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2023;72:416–420. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7216a1.**2023**NOTES FROM THE FIELD: RECENT CHANGES IN SUICIDE RATES, BY RACE AND ETHNICITY AND AGE GROUP — UNITED STATES, 2021Stone DM, Mack KA, Qualters J. Notes from the Field: Recent Changes in Suicide Rates, by Race and Ethnicity and Age Group — United States, 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2023;72:160–162. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7206a4.**2022**NOTES FROM THE FIELD: INCREASES IN FIREARM HOMICIDE AND SUICIDE RATES — UNITED STATES, 2020–2021Simon TR, Kegler SR, Zwald ML, et al. *Notes from the Field*: Increases in Firearm Homicide and Suicide Rates — United States, 2020–2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:1286–1287. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7140a4.**2022**QUICKSTATS: AGE-ADJUSTED SUICIDE RATES, BY URBANIZATION LEVEL AND SEX — NATIONAL VITAL STATISTICS SYSTEM, 2020*QuickStats*: Age-Adjusted Suicide Rates, by Urbanization Level and Sex — National Vital Statistics System, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:1159. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7136a4.**2022**QUICKSTATS: PERCENTAGE OF SUICIDES AND HOMICIDES INVOLVING A FIREARM AMONG PERSONS AGED ≥10 YEARS, BY AGE GROUP — NATIONAL VITAL STATISTICS SYSTEM, UNITED STATES, 2020*QuickStats:* Percentage of Suicides and Homicides Involving a Firearm Among Persons Aged ≥10 Years, by Age Group — National Vital Statistics System, United States, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:670. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7119a5.**2022**Mental Health, Suicidality, and Connectedness Among High School Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic — Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey, United States, January–June 2021Jones SE, Ethier KA, Hertz M, et al. Mental Health, Suicidality, and Connectedness Among High School Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic — Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey, United States, January–June 2021. MMWR Suppl 2022;71(Suppl-3):16–21. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.su7103a3.**2022**Surveillance for Violent Deaths — National Violent Death Reporting System, 39 States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, 2018Sheats KJ, Wilson RF, Lyons BH, Jack SP, Betz CJ, Fowler KA. Surveillance for Violent Deaths — National Violent Death Reporting System, 39 States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, 2018. MMWR Surveill Summ 2022;71(No. SS-3):1–44. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.ss7103a1.**2022**Firearm Homicides and Suicides in Major Metropolitan Areas — United States, 2015–2016 and 2018–2019Kegler SR, Stone DM, Mercy JA, Dahlberg LL. Firearm Homicides and Suicides in Major Metropolitan Areas — United States, 2015–2016 and 2018–2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022;71:14–18. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7101a3.**2021**Changes in Suicide Rates — United States, 2018–2019Stone DM, Jones CM, Mack KA. Changes in Suicide Rates — United States, 2018–2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021;70:261–268. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7008a1.**2021**Mental Health and Substance Use Among Adults with Disabilities During the COVID-19 PandemicCzeisler M&, Board A, Thierry JM, et al. Mental Health and Substance Use Among Adults with Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic — United States, February–March 2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021;70:1142–1149. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7034a3.To read previously published MMWRs, please visit: Reports by Topic | MMWR (cdc.gov)Top of PageJournal Articles**2023**CIRCUMSTANCES CONTRIBUTING TO SUICIDE AMONG U.S. ADOLESCENTS 10–19 YEARS WITH AND WITHOUT A KNOWN MENTAL HEALTH CONDITION: NATIONAL VIOLENT DEATH REPORTING SYSTEM, 2013–2018Rice, K., Brown, M., Nataraj, N., & Xu, L. (2023). Circumstances contributing to suicide among U.S. adolescents 10–19 years with and without a known mental health condition: National Violent Death Reporting System, 2013–2018. *Journal of Adolescent Health*.**2021**Evaluation of the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System–All injury program’s self-directed violence dataEhlman, D. C., Haileyesus, T., Lee, R., Ballesteros, M. F., & Yard, E. (2021). Evaluation of the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System–All injury program’s self-directed violence data, United States, 2018. *Journal of Safety Research*, *76*, 327-331.**2021**Current prescription opioid misuse and suicide risk behaviors among high school studentsWilkins, N. J., Clayton, H., Jones, C. M., & Brown, M. (2021). Current prescription opioid misuse and suicide risk behaviors among high school students. *Pediatrics*, *147*(4).**2020**Adherence to suicide reporting guidelines by news shared on a social networking platformSumner, S. A., Burke, M., & Kooti, F. (2020). Adherence to suicide reporting guidelines by news shared on a social networking platform. *Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences*, *117*(28), 16267-16272.**2020**Traumatic Brain Injury–Related Deaths From Firearm Suicide: United States, 2008–2017Miller, G. F., Kegler, S. R., & Stone, D. M. (2020). Traumatic Brain Injury–Related Deaths From Firearm Suicide: United States, 2008–2017. *American Journal of Public Health*, *110*(6), 897-899.**2021**Trends in US emergency department visits for mental health, overdose, and violence outcomes before and during the COVID-19 pandemicHolland, K. M., Jones, C., Vivolo-Kantor, A. M., et al. (2021). Trends in US emergency department visits for mental health, overdose, and violence outcomes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. *JAMA Psychiatry*, *78*(4), 372-379.**2021**Special Report from the CDC: Strengthening social connections to prevent suicide and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs): Actions and opportunities during the COVID-19 pandemicBledsoe, M., Captanian, A., & Somji, A. (2021). Special Report from the CDC: Strengthening social connections to prevent suicide and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs): Actions and opportunities during the COVID-19 pandemic. *Journal of Safety Research*, *77*, 328-333.**2020**National trends in hospitalizations for self-directed violence related to opioids and/or depression—United States, 2000–2015Wang, J., Sumner, S. A., Holland, K. M., Halpin, J., Ivey-Stephenson, A., & Crosby, A. E. (2020). National trends in hospitalizations for self-directed violence related to opioids and/or depression — United States, 2000–2015. *Preventive Medicine*, *134*, 106051.**2020**Trends in the incidence and lethality of suicidal acts in the United States, 2006 to 2015Wang, J., Sumner, S. A., Simon, T. R., Crosby, A. E., Annor, F. B., Gaylor, E., ... & Holland, K. M. (2020). Trends in the incidence and lethality of suicidal acts in the United States, 2006 to 2015. *JAMA Psychiatry*, *77*(7), 684-693.Top of PageNeed help? Know someone who does?Contact the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline if you are experiencing mental health-related distress or are worried about a loved one who may need crisis support.
Call or text 988
Chat at 988lifeline.orgConnect with a trained crisis counselor. 988 is confidential, free, and available 24/7/365.
Visit the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline for more information at 988lifeline.org.
							
					
							Last Reviewed:  June 27, 2023						Source: 	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control
					Facebook
        Twitter
        LinkedIn
        Syndicate homeSuicide PreventionFacts About Suicideplus iconSuicide Data and StatisticsDisparities in SuicideSuicide Rates by StateRisk and Protective FactorsPrevention StrategiesFunded Programsplus iconComprehensive Suicide Preventionplus iconComprehensive Suicide Prevention: Program ProfilesEmergency Department Surveillance of Nonfatal Suicide-Related OutcomesTribal Suicide PreventionVeteran Suicide PreventionResourcesplus iconSuicide Prevention Resource for ActionSocial Media ResourcesData SourcesGeneral ResourcesPublicationsMental Health & Coping with Stress ResourcesSuicide, Suicide Attempt, or Self-Harm Clusters To receive email updates about this topic, enter your email address: Email Address			What's this?				Submit


About CDC
					Contact Us
					800-232-4636
 Facebook Twitter Instagram LinkedIn Youtube Pinterest Snapchat
 CONTACT CDC
				Contact Us
							Call 800-232-4636
							Email Us
			ABOUT CDC
				About CDC
							Jobs
							Funding
			POLICIES
				Accessibility
							External Links
							Privacy
							Policies
							No Fear Act
							FOIA
							OIG
							Nondiscrimination
							Vulnerability Disclosure Policy
			CONNECT WITH US
				Facebook
								Twitter
								Instagram
								LinkedIn
							Youtube
								Pinterest
								Snapchat
								Email
			LANGUAGES
				Español
							繁體中文
							Tiếng Việt
							한국어
							Tagalog
							Русский
							العربية
							Kreyòl Ayisyen
							Français
							Polski
							Português
							Italiano
							Deutsch
							日本語
							فارسی
							English


U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
			Accessibility
			External Links
			Privacy
			Policies
			No Fear Act
			FOIA
			Nondiscrimination
			OIG
			Vulnerability Disclosure Policy
			USA.gov


Exit Notification / Disclaimer Policy Close
 Links with this icon  indicate that you are leaving the CDC website. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.
				Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.
				You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.
				CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. Website Disclaimers
 Cancel Continue