# Testing of Certain High Production Volume

Chemicals ; Second Group of Chemicals ( Final Exposure Findings Supporting

Information

)

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics Economics, Exposure and Technology Division
August 2010

### i 

# Table of Contents PREFACE 1.0 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... D ATA 

### S OURCE 

### D ESCRIPTIONS



### ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 3 2.0 ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ S UMMARY OF 

### HPV2 C HEMICALS AND 

### F IND INGS



### ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 4

### ii 

# Preface This findings document was prepared to support EPA’s Proposed TSCA Section 4 Test Rule for Certain High Production Volume Chemicals ; Second Group of Chemicals . Prior to promulgating a test rule under section 4 of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), 15 U.S.C. §§2601 et seq , EPA is required to make certain findings identified in section 4(a) of TSCA relating to the chemical’s risk and potential exposure, the sufficiency of data to allow EPA to determine the human health or environmental effects of the chemical, and the need to conduct testing. Under TSCA section 4(a)(1)(B), EPA must make the following findings to support a test rule based on concerns for exposure: (1) that a chemical substance is or will be produced in substantial quantities and that it enters or may reasonably be anticipated to enter the environment in substantial quantities and/or that there is or may be substantial and/or significant human exposure to such substance; (2) that there are insufficient data and experience upon which the effects of the manufacture, distribution in commerce, processing, use or disposal of such substance or mixture or of any combination of such activities on health or the environment can reasonably be determined or predicted; and (3) that testing of the substance or mixture with respect to such effects is necessary to develop such data. The criteria and standards used by EPA for evaluating the terms “substantial production,” “substantial release,” and “substantial or significant human exposure” as used in TSCA section 4(a)(1)(B)(i) are explained in EPA’s Final Statement of Policy; Criteria for Evaluating Substantial Production, Substanti al Release, and Substantial or Significant Human Exposure set forth at 58 FR 28736 (May 14, 1993) (hereinafter referred to as the “B Policy”). This document provides a detailed discussion of EPA’s evaluation of each of the chemical substances identified in the proposed test rule to determine that preliminary TSCA section 4(a)(1)(B) findings concerning “substantial production,” “substantial release,” and “substantial or significant human exposure” can be made.

### 3

1.0 D ATA 

### S OURCE 

### D ESCRIPTIONS 

### TSCA Inventory Update Reporting Rule : 

## In 1986, EPA promulgated the Inventory Update Reporting (IUR) regulations, under TSCA section 8(a), to facilitate the periodic updating of the TSCA Inventory database and to otherwise support activities associated with implementing TSCA. As originally promulgated, the IUR required chemical manufacturers (including importers) to report to EPA every

4 years the identity

of chemical substances manufactured (including imported) annually in quantities of 10,000 pounds or more at each plant site they owned or controlled. In 2003 EPA adjusted the universe of chemicals and plant sites that are required to report, and the type of information reported. In 2005, EPA changed the reporting frequency to once every 5 years, revised the manner in which amounts of a chemical substance manufactured or imported must be reported, and changed the submission period for reporting after 2006. To protect the claims of confidential business information (CBI) asserted by some IUR submitters on the amo unt of the chemical substance manufactured (including imported) at a specific site, all production volumes reported by IUR submitters (i.e., CBI and non - CBI) for each chemical are combined by EPA for an aggregate total. Confidential business information c laims are further protected by using eight ranges to identify the total for any specific chemical and then making available to the public the range that corresponds to the aggregate production volume. Publiclyavailable information from the 1986, 1990, 199 4, 1998, and 2002 (and 2006) IUR reporting cycles are available on line at: http://www.epa.gov/oppt/iur/index.htm The Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) contains information about releases of certain chemicals and management of wa stes at a wide variety of sources, including manufacturing operations, certain service businesses, and federal facilities. Publicly- available information from the 2005 TRI reporting cycle is available on- line at: http://www.epa.gov/triexplorer/ The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted the National Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES) that collected data on potential occupational exposures to chemical, physical, and biological agents from 1981 to 1983. The survey involved on- site visits to 4,490 establishments in 522 industry ty pes employing approximately 1,800,000 workers in 377 occu pational categories. Publicly- available information from the NOES is available on- line at: http://www.cdc.gov/noes/default.html The National Library of Medicine Household Products Database provides information on the chemical ingredients and their percentage in specific brands of household products. Information in the database is from a variety of publicly available sources including brand- specific labels and Material Safety Data Sheets when available from manufacturers and manufacturers' web sites. Publicly- available information from the database is available online at: http://householdproducts.nlm.nih.gov/

### 4 2.0 S UMMARY OF 

### HPV2 C HEMICALS AND 

### F INDINGS 

### Table 2 - 1 below

presents a summary of the high production volume (HPV) chemicals and data collected to support an exposure -based finding. Table 2 - 2 presents a chemical -by- chemical explanation of the supporting findings information. Table 2 - 1 Summary of Data Se arched for Exposure Based Findings
CAS# Chemical Name IUR Number of Work ers Information NOES NLM Household Chemicals Database 2005 TRI Data (Total On - and Off

site Disposal or Other Releases , lbs) 2006 IUR

Production Volume [Million lbs] Meet

Exposure Based Criteria For Work ers Meet

Exposure Based Criteria for Consumers Meet

Exposure Based Criteria for Release Non- CBI Commercial/

Consumer Code Description
75 - 07 - 0 Acetaldehyde > 1,000 216,533 3 hobby/craft glues; 1 home maintenance product 13,567,452 > 100 - 500 Yes Yes Yes 78 - 11 - 5 1,3 - Propanediol, 2,2 -

bis[(nitrooxy)methyl] - , dinitrate (ester) > 1,000 2,650 no > 1 - 10 Yes Yes C20 - Other 84 - 65 - 1 9,10 -Anthracenedione > 1,000 6,187 no > 10 - 50 Yes Yes C13 - Paper Products 89 - 32 - 7 1H,3H - Benzo[1,2 - c:4,5 -

c']difuran - 1,3,5,7 -tetrone > 1,000 1,926 no > 1 - 10 Yes 110 -44 - 1 2,4 - Hexadienoic acid,

(E,E) - > 1,000 69,243 yes, 13 personal care products > 1 - 10 Yes Yes C16 - Rubber & Plastic Products, C20 - Other 118 - 82 - 1 Phenol, 4,4' -

methylenebis[2,6 -bis(1,1 - dimethylethyl) - > 1,000 120,009 no > 1 - 10 Yes Yes C10 - Lubricants, Greases & Fuel Additives 119 - 61 - 9 Methanone, diphenyl- > 1,000 41,516 5 personal care products; 1 auto product > 1 - 10 Yes Yes C05 - Electtrical & Electronic Products, C12 - Paints & Coatings, C13 - Paper Products , C20 - Other 144 - 62 - 7 Ethanedioic acid > 1,000 142,000 4 auto products; 1 brass polish; 1 cleanser; 2 wood brighteners; 1 bathroom cleanser > 1 - 10 Yes Yes Yes C06 - Fabrics, Textiles, & Apparel, C07 - Glass & Ceramic Products,C13 - Paper Products, C15 - Polishes & Sanitation Goods, C17 - Soaps & Detergents, C20 - Other

### Table 2 - 1 (Continued)

5 CAS# Chemical Name IUR Number of Work ers Information NOES NLM Household Chemicals Database 2005 TRI Data (Total On - and Off

site Disposal or Other Releases , lbs) 2006 IUR

Production Volume [Million lbs] Meet

Exposure Based Criteria For Work ers Meet

Exposure Based Criteria for Consumers Meet

Exposure Based Criteria for Release Non- CBI Commercial/

Consumer Code Description
149 -44 - 0 Methanesulfunic acid,

hydroxyl - , monosodium salt > 1,000 239,465 no > 1 - 10 Yes Yes C01 -Adhesives & Sealants, C16 - Rubber & Plastics Goods 25 24 - 04 - 1 Phosphorochloridothioic

acid, O,O - diethyl ester > 1,000 1,088 no > 10 - 50 Yes
4719 - 04 -4 1,3,5 - Triazine 1,3,5(2H,4H,6H) - triethanol > 1,000 225,251 yes, 7 reported uses of Grotan BK (a disinfectant) in 4 laundry detergents, 1 dishwashing detergent, 1 all purpose cleaner, and 1 glass & surface cleaner > 10 - 50 Yes Yes Yes C20 - Other
6381 - 77 - 7 D - erythro - Hex- 2 - enonic

acid, .gamma. - lactone, monosodium salt > 1,000 19,468 no > 1 - 10 Yes 31138 - 65 - 5 D - gluco - Heptonic acid,

monosodium salt, (2.xi.) - > 1,000 74,165 no > 1 - 10 Yes Yes 

### CBI 66241 - 11 - 0 C.I . Leuco Sulphur Black

1 > 1,000 38,555 no > 1 - 10 Yes Yes C06 - Fabrics, Textiles & Apparel 68187 - 76 - 8 Castor oil, sulfated,

sodium salt > 1,000 11,164 no > 1 - 10 Yes Yes C17 - Soaps & Detergents 68187 - 84 - 8 Castor oil, oxidized > 1,000 36,381 1 auto product; 1 oilbased primer/sealer; 14 personal care products; 1 insect repellent > 1 - 10 Yes Yes C20 - Other 68479 - 98 - 1 Benzenediamine, ar,ardiethyl - ar-methyl - > 1,000 4,121 no > 10 - 50 Yes 68 527 - 02 - 6 Alkenes, C12 -24, chloro > 1,000 84,192 no > 1 - 10 Yes 68647 - 60 - 9 Hydrocarbons, C>4 > 1,000 1,257 no > 1Billion lbs Yes

### Table 2 - 2 Chemical-by- Chemical Explanation of Findings CAS# Chemical Name Summary of Findings

75 - 07 - 0 Acetaldehyde This chemical reports >1 million lb release to TRI . The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds 1,000 based on reported I UR data. This chemical exceeds 1,000 workers based on NOES data. Additionally, the number of potentially exposed consumers is estimated to be very large based on the uses (hobby/craf t glues; home maintenance product) cited in the NLM Household Chemicals Database. I

t is expected that hobby or craft glues and home maintenance products will be widely used by consumers (including children) and hence, may likely exceed 10,000 people. Bas ed on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2006 IUR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 IUR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 reported I UR production volume range was 500 million - 1 billion lb s. The 2006 I UR production volume range is 100 million

– 500 million lbs. This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (100 million - 500 million lb )

- Substantial Release (Greater than 13.5 million lb reported to TRI)

- Total workers exceeding 1,000 based on I UR data

- Total workers exceeding 1,000 based on NOES data (217,000 workers )

- Consumers potentially exceeding 10,000 people.

78 - 11 - 5 1,3 - Propanediol,2,2 -

bis[(nitrooxy)methyl],dinitrate (ester) The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds 1,000 workers based on NOES data. Additionally, the IUR commercial/consumer product category C20 - Other (chemicals contained in commercial and consumer products not elsewhere classified ) was reported for this chemical. This indicates that this chemical is present in an unknown number of commercial and consumer products that may potentially have a high number of exposures. Based on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2006 I UR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 I UR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 reported I UR production volume range was 1 million - 10 million lbs. The 2006 I

UR production volume range is 1 million - 10 million lbs . (All stated IUR commercial/consumer product categories are non - CBI) This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (1 million - 10 million lb )

- Total workers exceeding 1,000 based NOES data (2,650 workers)

### CAS# Chemical Name Summary of Findings

84 - 65 - 1 9,10 -Anthracenedione The total number of potentially exposed workers is likely to exceed 1,000 based on reported I UR data. The number of potentially exposed total workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data. Additionally, the number of potentially exposed consumers is estimated to be very large based on the reported I UR commercial/consumer product category for this chemical (C13

– paper products). Chemicals reporting in this category are contained in commercial and consumer paper products. I t is expected that paper products will be widely used by commercial workers and consumers (including children) and hence, may likely exceed 1 ,000 commercial workers and 10,000 consumers. Based on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2006 IUR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 IUR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 reported I UR production volume range was 500 thousand

– 1 million lbs. The 2006 IUR production volume range is 10 million

– 50 million lbs. (All stated IUR commercial/consumer product categories are non - CBI) This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (10 million - 50 million lb)

- Total workers exceeding 1,000 based NOES data (6,187 workers)

- Total workers potentially exceeding 1,000 based on I UR commercial/consumer product category (C13)

- Consumers potentially exceeding 10,000 people.

89 - 32 - 7 1H,3H - Benzo[1,2 - c:4,5 - c']difuran 1,3,5,7 -tetrone The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data. Based on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2006 I UR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 I UR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 reported IUR production volume range was 1 million

– 10 million lbs. The 2006 I UR production volume range is 1 million

– 10 million lbs. This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (1 million - 10 million lb )

- Total workers exceeding 1,000 based NOES data ( 1,926 workers).

110 -44 - 1 2,4 - Hexadienoic acid, (E,E) - The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data. Additionally, the number of potentially exposed consumers is estimated to be very large based on the uses cited in the NLM Household Chemicals Database (personal care products) and the reported I UR commercial/consumer product categories for this chemical (C16

– rubber and plastic products and C20 - other). Chemicals reporting in these categories are contained in such products as tires, footwear, flooring, bottles, sporting equipment, games, and toys . Itis expected that these products will be widely used by consumers (including children) and hence, may likely exceed 10,000 people. Additionally, products such as tires and flooring are also used in a commercial setting, which may lead to exposures of >1,000 commercial workers. Based on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2006 IUR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 IUR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 reported I UR production volume range was 1 million

– 10 million lbs. The 2006 I UR production volume range is 1 million

– 10 million lbs. (All stated IUR commercial/consumer product categories are non - CBI) This chemical met exposure based findings criteria bas ed on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (1 million - 10 million lb )

- Total workers exceeding 1,000 based on NOES data (69,243 workers)

- Total workers potentially exceeding 1,000 based on the IUR commercial/consumer product categories (C16 )

- Consumers potentially exceeding 10,000 people.

### CAS# Chemical Name Summary of Findings

118 - 82 - 1 Phenol,4,4' -methylenebis[2,6 -bis(1,1 - dimethylethyl) The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds1,000 based on NOES data. Additionally, the number of potentially exposed consumers is estimated to be very large based on the reported I UR commercial/consumer product category for this chemical (C10

– lubricants, greases, & fuel additives). Chemicals reporting in this category are contained in gasoline, kerosene, and distillate fuel oil after refining. These are generally commercial or consumer additives to enhance performance or clean components of combustion devices. I t is expected that these products will be widely used by commercial workers and consumers and hence, may likely exceed 1,000 commercial workers and 10,000 consumers. Based on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2006 I UR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 I UR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 reported I UR production volume range was 1 million

– 10 million lbs. The 2006 I UR production volume range is 1 million

– 10 mi llion lbs. (All stated IUR commercial/consumer product categories are non - CBI) This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (1 million - 10 million lb )

- Total workers exceeding 1,000 based on NOES data (120,009 workers)

- Total workers potentially exceeding 1,000 based on and the IUR commercial/consumer product category (C10)

- Consumers potentially exceeding 10,000 people.

119 - 61 - 9 Methanone, diphenylThe total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data. Additionally, the number of potentially exposed consumers is estimated to be very large based on the uses cited in the NLM Household Chemicals Database (personal care products and auto products) and the reported I UR commercial/consumer product categories for this chemical (C05

– electrical and electronic products, C12

– paints and coatings, C13

– paper products, and C20 - other). Chemicals reporting in these IUR product categories are contained in computers, office equipment, household appliances, electric lighting and wiring, video and audio recording and communication equipment; commercial and consumer paints (paste or ready-mix) including artists’ paints, varnishes, lacquers, enamel s and shellac, paint and varnish removers and cleaners and commercial and consumer paper products . Itis expected that these products will be widely used by commercial workers and consumers (including children) and hence, may likely exceed 1,000 commercial workers and 10,000 consumers. Based on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure b ased findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2006 I UR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 IUR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 reported I UR production volume range was 1 million

– 10 million lbs. The 2006 I UR production volume range is 1 million

– 10 million lbs. (All stated IUR commercial/consumer product categories are non CBI) This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (1 million - 10 million lb )

- Total workers exceeding 1,000 based on NOES data (41,516 workers)

- Total workers potentially exceeding 1,000 based on the IUR commercial/consumer product categories (C05, C12, C13 )

- Consumers potentially exceeding 10,000 people.

### CAS# Chemical Name Summary of Findings

144 - 62 - 7 Ethanedioic acid The total number of potentially exposed workers is likely to exceed 1,000 based on reported IUR data. The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data. The number of potentially exposed consumers is estimated to be very large based on the uses cited in the NLM Household Chemicals Database (auto products, cleansers, wood brighteners, and polishes) and the reported IUR commercial/consumer product categories for this chemical (C06

– fabrics, textiles, & apparel, C07

– glass & ceramic products, C13

– paper products, C15

– polishes & sanitation goods, C17

– soaps & detergents). Additionally, the I UR commercial/consumer product category C20 - Other (chemicals contained in commercial and consumer products not elsewhere classified ) was reported for this chemical. This indicates that this chemical is present in an unknown number of commercial and consumer products that may potentially have a high number of exposures. Chemicals reporting in these IUR product categories are contained in commercial and consumer products made of cotton, silk, wool, or manmade fibers; commercial and consumer glass and ceramic products; commercial and consumer paper products; furniture, metal, glass, and other polishes and cleaners; waxes and dressings for leather and other materials; household and industrial disinfectants and bleaches; liquid, granulated, caked, and flaked washing detergents and personal soaps; dishwashing compounds; presoaks and scouring compounds for commercial and consumer use; and sporting equipment, game s and toys . Itis expected that these products will be widely used by commercial workers and consumers (including children) and hence, may likely exceed 1,000 commercial workers and 10,000 consumers. I

t is also expected that based on the nature of the C17 use that over 90 % of the soaps & detergent products that contain this chemical will be released into the environment (exceeding the significant release threshold of 10% of the production volume). Based on this information, this chemical would likely meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure" and “ substantial or significant release .” The production volume data for the 2006 I UR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 IUR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of the se chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 reported I UR production volume range was 1 million

– 10 million lbs. The 2006 I UR production volume range is 1 million

– 10 million lbs. (All stated IUR commercial/consumer product catego ries are non - CBI) This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (1 million - 10 million lb )

- Substantial Release based on I UR commercial/consumer product category (C17

– soaps & detergents)

- Total workers potentially exceeding 1,000 based on I UR data

- Total workers exceeding 1,000 based on NOES data (142,000 workers)

- Consumers potentially exceeding 10,000 people.

### CAS# Chemical Name Summary of Findings

149 -44 - 0 Methanesulfunic acid, hydroxylmonosodium salt The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data. Additionally, the number of potentially exposed consumers is estimated to be very large based on the reported I UR commercial/consumer product categories for this chemical (C01

– adhesives & sealant s and C16

– rubber and plastics goods). Chemicals reporting in these product categories are contained in industrial and household adhesives; glues; caulking compounds; sealants; linoleum, tile, and rubber cements; tires; footwear; flooring; and bottles. Itis expected that these products will be widely used by commercial workers and consumers and hence, may likely exceed 1,000 commercial workers and 10,000 consumers. Based on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2006 I UR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 I UR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 reported I UR production volume range was 1 million

– 10 million lbs. The 2006 I UR production volume range is 1 million

– 10 million lbs. (All stated IUR commercial/consumer product categories are non - CBI) This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (1 million - 10 million lb )

- Total workers exceeding 1,000 based on NOES data (239,465 workers)

- Total workers potentially exceeding 1,000 based on and the IUR commercial/consumer product categories (C01 and C16)

- Consumers potentially exceeding 10,000 people.

2524 - 04 - 1 Phosphorochloridthioic acid, O,O diethyl ester The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data. Based on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2006 I UR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 I UR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of the se chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 reported IUR production volume range was 10 million

– 50 million lbs. The 2006 I UR production volume range is 10 million

– 50 million lbs. This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (10 million - 50 million lb)

- Total workers exceeding 1,000 based NOES data (1,088 workers).

### CAS# Chemical Name Summary of Findings

4719 - 04 -4 1,3,5 - Triazine - 1,3,5(2H,4H,6H) - triethanol The total number of potentially exposed workers is likely to exceed 1,000 based on reported IUR data . The number of workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data. Additionally, the number of potentially exposed consumers is estimated to be very large based on the uses cited in the NLM Household Chemicals Database (laundry and dishwashing detergents; and all-purpose and surface cleaners) . Additionally, the IUR commercial/consumer product category C20 - Other (chemicals contained in commercial and consumer products not elsewhere classified ) was reported for this chemical. This indicates that this chemical is present in an unknown number of commercial and consumer products that may potentially have a high number of exposures. I

t is expected that these products will be widely used by consumers (including children) and hence, may likely exceed 10,000 people. Additionally, products such as laundry detergents and all-purpose surface cleaners may be used by commercial enterprises that may lead to exposures of >1,000 commercial workers. It is also expected that based on the nature of the laundry and dishwashing detergents use described in the NLM Household Chemicals D atabase that over 90 % of the production volume of the soaps & detergent products that contain this chemical will be released into the environment (exceeding the significant release threshold of 10% of the production volume). Based on this information, thi s chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure" and “significant or substantial release .” The production volume data for the 2006 I UR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 IUR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 reported I UR production volume range was 1 million

– 10 million lbs. The 2006 I UR production volume range is 10 million

– 50 million lbs. (All stated IUR commercial/consumer product categories are non - CBI) This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (10 million - 50 million lb)

- Substantial Release (Greater than 10% of production volume released)

- Total workers potentially exceeding 1,000 based on NLM Household Chemicals Database information

- Total workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data (225,251 workers)

- Consumers potentially exceeding 10,000 people.

6381 - 77 - 7 D - erythro - Hex- 2 - enonic acid,.gamma. -

lactone, monosodium salt The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data. Based on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2006 I UR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 I UR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 reported IUR production volume range was 10 thousand

– 500 thousand lbs. The 2006 I UR production volume range is 1 million

– 10 million lbs. This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (1 million - 10 million lb )

- Total workers exceeds 1,000 based NOES data (19,468 workers).

31138 - 65 - 5 D - gluco - Heptonic acid, monosodium salt, (2.xi.) - The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data. Based on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2006 I UR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 I UR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 reported IUR production volume range was 1 million

– 10 million lbs. The 2006 I UR production volume range is 1 million

– 10 million lbs. This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (1 million - 10 million lb )

- Total workers exceeding 1,000 based NOES data (74,165 workers).

### CAS# Chemical Name Summary of Findings

66241 - 11 - 0 C.I . Leuco Sulphur Black 1 The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data. Additionally, the number of potentially exposed consumers is estimated to be very large based on the reported I UR commercial/consumer product category for this chemical (C06

– fabrics, textiles &apparel). Chemicals reporting in this category are contained in commercial and consumer products made of cotton, silk, wool, or manmade fibers. I

t is expected that these products will be widely used by commercial workers and consumers (including children) and hence, may likely exceed 1,0 00 commercial workers and 10,000 consumers. Based on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2006 I UR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 IUR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 repor ted I UR production volume range was 1 million

– 10 million lbs. The 2006 I UR production volume range is 1 million

– 10 million lbs. (All stated IUR commercial/consumer product categories are non CBI) This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (1 million - 10 million lb )

- Total workers exceeding 1,000 based on NOES data (38,555 workers)

- Total workers potentially exceeding 1,000 based on reported I UR commercial/consumer product category (C06

– fabrics & textiles)

- Consumers potentially exceeding 10,000 people.

68187 - 76 - 8 Castor oil, sulfated, sodium salt The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data. Additionally, the number of potentially exposed consumers is estimated to be very large based on the reported I UR commercial/consumer product category for this chemical (C17

– soaps & detergents). Chemicals reporting in this category are contained in liquid, granulated, caked, and flaked washing detergents and personal soaps; dishwashing compounds; and presoaks and scouring compounds for commercial and consumer use. I t is expected that these products will be widely used by commercial workers and consumers and hence, may likely exceed 1,000 commercial workers and 10,000 consumers. The production volume data for the 2006 I UR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 IUR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 reported I UR production volume range was 1 million

– 10 million lbs. The 2006 I UR production volume range is 1 million

– 10 million lbs. (All stated IUR commercial/consumer product categories are non CBI) This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (1 million - 10 million lb )

- Total workers exceeding 1,000 based on NOES data (11164 workers)

- Total workers potentially exceeding 1,000 based on IUR commercial/consumer product category (C17 - soaps & detergents)

- Consumers potentially exceeding 10,000 people.

### CAS# Chemical Name Summary of Findings

68187 - 84 - 8 Castor oil, oxidized The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data. Additionally, the number of potentially exposed consumers is estimated to be very large based on the uses cited in the NLM Household Chemicals Database (auto care products and personal care products) . Additionally, the I UR commercial/consumer product category C20 - Other (ch emicals contained in commercial and consumer products not elsewhere classified ) was reported for this chemical. This indicates that this chemical is present in an unknown number of commercial and consumer products that may potentially have a high number of exposures. Itis expected that these products will be widely used by consumers (including children) and hence, may likely exceed 10,000 people. Additionally, products such as auto care products may be used by commercial enterprises that may lead to exposures of >1,000 commercial workers. Based on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2006 I UR data collection was compared to the pro duction volume data for the 1986 I UR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . There were no reports for this chemical for the 1986 I UR data collection. The 2006 IUR production volume range is 1 million

– 10 million lbs. (All stated IUR commercial/consumer product categories are non - CBI) This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (1 million - 10 million lb )

- Total workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data (36,381workers)

- Total workers potentially exceeds 1,000 based on NLM Household Chemicals Database information

- Consumers potentially exceeding 10,000 people.

68479 - 98 - 1 Benzenediamine, ar,ar- diethyl - armethyl The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds1,000 based on NOES data. Based on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2 006 I

UR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 I UR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NO ES data were gathered . The 1986 reported I UR production volume range was 10 million

– 50 million lbs. The 2006 I UR production volume range is 10 million

– 50 million lbs. This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (10 million - 50 million lb)

- Total workers exceeds 1,000 based NOES data (4,121 workers).

68527 - 02 - 6 Alkenes, C12 -24, chloro The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds 1,000 workers based on NOES data. Based on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2006 IUR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 IUR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . There were no I UR reports for this chemical in 1986. The 2006 IUR production volume range for this chemical is 1 million - 10 million lbs. This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (1 million - 10 million lb )

- Total workers exceeds 1,000 based NOES data (84,192 workers).

### CAS# Chemical Name Summary of Findings

68647 - 60 - 9 Hydrocarbons, C>4 The total number of potentially exposed workers exceeds 1,000 based on NOES data. Based on this information, this chemical would meet the exposure based findings criteria of "substantial or significant human exposure.” The production volume data for the 2006 I UR data collection was compared to the production volume data for the 1986 IUR data collection for this chemical to see if the production volume stayed the same or increased, thereby indicating that the usage of these chemicals is no less than when NOES data were gathered . The 1986 reported IUR production volume range was 100 mi llion - 500 million lbs. The 2006 IUR production volume range is > 1 billion lb. This chemical met exposure based findings criteria based on :

- 2006 I UR Production Volume Range (>1 billion lb )

- Total workers exceeds 1,000 based NOES data ( 1,257 workers).