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TB and People Living in Correctional Facilities in the United StatesEspañol (Spanish)|Print										Related Pages
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People living in congregate settings, including correctional facilities and detention centers, are at an increased risk of becoming infected with TB germs compared to the overall population.
By the Numbers
In 2021, U.S. state, local, and territorial health agencies reported a total of 7,882 TB cases to CDC.
In 2021, 179 cases of TB disease (2.3%) reported in the United States occurred among people 15 years of age or older who were current residents of correctional facilities.
The percentage of cases among persons aged 15 years or older who reported residing in a correctional facility at the time of TB diagnosis has been decreasing since 2010 (4.7%). In 2021, the percentage was 2.4% (n=179) compared with 2.6% (n=178) in 2020.View LargerCloseThe percentage of cases among persons aged 15 years or older who reported residing in a correctional facility at the time of TB diagnosis has been decreasing since 2010 (4.7%). In 2021, the percentage was 2.4% (n=179) compared with 2.6% (n=178) in 2020.Download Image[PNG]


Among the TB cases reported among residents of correctional facilities in 2021, the percentage in
Local jails increased from 23.0% in 2020 to 31.3% in 2021,
State prisons increased from 26.4% in 2020 to 27.9% in 2021,
Federal prisons increased from 10.7% in 2020 to 12.3% in 2021, and
Other correctional facilities decreased from 38.2% in 2020 to 27.4% in 2021.In 2021, 179 TB cases were reported among persons aged 15 years or older who were residing in a correctional facility at the time of TB diagnosis. The percentage in local jails increased from 23.0% in 2020 to 31.3% in 2021, the percentage in state prisons increased from 26.4% in 2020 to 27.9% in 2021, the percentage in federal prisons increased from 10.7% in 2020 to 12.3%, and the percentage in other correctional facilities decreased from 38.2% in 2020 to 27.4% in 2021.View LargerCloseIn 2021, 179 TB cases were reported among persons aged 15 years or older who were residing in a correctional facility at the time of TB diagnosis. The percentage in local jails increased from 23.0% in 2020 to 31.3% in 2021, the percentage in state prisons increased from 26.4% in 2020 to 27.9% in 2021, the percentage in federal prisons increased from 10.7% in 2020 to 12.3%, and the percentage in other correctional facilities decreased from 38.2% in 2020 to 27.4% in 2021.Download Image[PNG]

TB cases among persons 15 or older residing in correctional facilities are shown in the maps in the figure below by state prisons, federal prisons, local jails, and other correctional facilities, including Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention centers. The maps are color-coded so that as the number of TB cases increases, the color becomes darker.
This slide displays the number of TB cases diagnosed among residents of state prisons, federal prisons, local jails, and other facilities in 2021 as four separate maps. Each map is color-coded so that as the number of TB cases increases, the color becomes darker. Texas had the greatest number of cases among persons who resided in state prisons (n=28), local jails (n=15), and other facilities (n=21) at the time of diagnosis. California had the greatest number of TB cases (n=6) among persons who resided in federal prisons. Other facilities include Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention centers, Indian reservation facilities (e.g., tribal jails), military stockades and jails, federal park police facilities, police lockups (i.e., temporary holding facilities for persons who have not been formally charged in court), or other correctional facilities that are not included in the other specific choices.View LargerCloseThis slide displays the number of TB cases diagnosed among residents of state prisons, federal prisons, local jails, and other facilities in 2021 as four separate maps. Each map is color-coded so that as the number of TB cases increases, the color becomes darker. Texas had the greatest number of cases among persons who resided in state prisons (n=28), local jails (n=15), and other facilities (n=21) at the time of diagnosis. California had the greatest number of TB cases (n=6) among persons who resided in federal prisons. Other facilities include Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention centers, Indian reservation facilities (e.g., tribal jails), military stockades and jails, federal park police facilities, police lockups (i.e., temporary holding facilities for persons who have not been formally charged in court), or other correctional facilities that are not included in the other specific choices.Download Image[PNG]

Read more in Reported Tuberculosis in the United States, 2021.

TB Control in Correctional Facilities
Effective TB prevention and control measures in correctional facilities include:
Early identification of persons with TB disease through entry and periodic follow-up screening;
Successful treatment of TB disease and latent TB infection;
Appropriate use of airborne precautions (e.g., airborne infection isolation, environmental controls, and respiratory protection);
Comprehensive discharge planning; and
Thorough and efficient contact investigations when a TB case has been identified.These measures should be instituted in close collaboration with local or state health department TB control programs and other key partners. Continuing education of people who are incarcerated and correctional facility staff is necessary to maximize cooperation and participation. To ensure TB prevention and control measures are effective, annual program evaluation should be conducted.
prison with barbed wire fence
Resources on TB and Correctional Facilities
CDC Recommendations
At-A-Glance: CDC Recommendations for Correctional and Detention Settings: Testing, Vaccination, and Treatment for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, TB, and STIs
Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in Correctional and Detention Facilities: Recommendations from CDC *MMWR* 2006; 55 (No, RR-09, 1–44)
Tuberculosis in Correctional Settings: What Corrections Staff Need to Know (Slide Set)
Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis in Correctional and Detention Facilities (Slide Set)
CDC Correctional and Public Health Resources by State
Southeastern National Tuberculosis Center: Arresting TB: Understanding the Culture of Corrections
National TB Controllers Association (NTCA) CorrectTB Resources
Reported Tuberculosis in the United States, 2021For additional CDC resources on TB, see Patient and General Public Materials and Health Care Providers and TB Program Materials.Related LinksInterim Guidance on Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Correctional and Detention Facilities
American Correctional Association
Find TB Resources- Education Materials for TB in Corrections
Federal Bureau of Prisons
National Commission on Correctional Healthcare
National Institute of Corrections
National Institute of Justice
National TB Controllers Association (Corrections Committee)
United States Department of Justice
United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement
							
					
							Last Reviewed:  November 10, 2022						Source: 	Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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