Presidential Documents

32701

Federal Register

Vol. 63, No. 115

Tuesday, June 16, 1998

Title 3—

The President

Executive Order 13089 of June 11, 1998

Coral Reef Protection

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the

laws of the United States of America and in furtherance of the purposes

of the Clean Water Act of 1977, as amended (33 U.S.C. 1251, et seq.),

Coastal Zone Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1451, et seq.), Magnuson-Stevens

Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1801, et seq.), National

Environmental Policy Act of 1969, as amended (42 U.S.C. 4321, et seq.),

National Marine Sanctuaries Act, (16 U.S.C. 1431, et seq.), National Park

Service Organic Act (16 U.S.C. 1, et seq.), National Wildlife Refuge System

Administration Act (16 U.S.C. 668dd-ee), and other pertinent statutes, to

preserve and protect the biodiversity, health, heritage, and social and economic value of U.S. coral reef ecosystems and the marine environment,

it is hereby ordered as follows:

Section 1. Definitions. (a) ‘‘U.S. coral reef ecosystems’’ means those species,

habitats, and other natural resources associated with coral reefs in all maritime areas and zones subject to the jurisdiction or control of the United

States (e.g., Federal, State, territorial, or commonwealth waters), including

reef systems in the south Atlantic, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and Pacific

Ocean. (b) ‘‘U.S. Coral Reef Initiative’’ is an existing partnership between

Federal agencies and State, territorial, commonwealth, and local governments,

nongovernmental organizations, and commercial interests to design and implement additional management, education, monitoring, research, and restoration efforts to conserve coral reef ecosystems for the use and enjoyment

of future generations. The existing U.S. Islands Coral Reef Initiative strategy

covers approximately 95 percent of U.S. coral reef ecosystems and is a

key element of the overall U.S. Coral Reef Initiative. (c) ‘‘International Coral

Reef Initiative’’ is an existing partnership, founded by the United States

in 1994, of governments, intergovernmental organizations, multilateral development banks, nongovernmental organizations, scientists, and the private

sector whose purpose is to mobilize governments and other interested parties

whose coordinated, vigorous, and effective actions are required to address

the threats to the world’s coral reefs.

Sec. 2. Policy. (a) All Federal agencies whose actions may affect U.S. coral

reef ecosystems shall: (a) identify their actions that may affect U.S. coral

reef ecosystems; (b) utilize their programs and authorities to protect and

enhance the conditions of such ecosystems; and (c) to the extent permitted

by law, ensure that any actions they authorize, fund, or carry out will

not degrade the conditions of such ecosystems.

(b) Exceptions to this section may be allowed under terms prescribed

by the heads of Federal agencies:

(1) during time of war or national emergency;

(2) when necessary for reasons of national security, as determined by

the President;

(3) during emergencies posing an unacceptable threat to human health

or safety or to the marine environment and admitting of no other feasible

solution; or

(4) in any case that constitutes a danger to human life or a real threat

to vessels, aircraft, platforms, or other man-made structures at sea, such

as cases of force majeure caused by stress of weather or other act of God.
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Sec. 3. Federal Agency Responsibilities. In furtherance of section 2 of this

order, Federal agencies whose actions affect U.S. coral reef ecosystems,

shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, provide for implementation

of measures needed to research, monitor, manage, and restore affected ecosystems, including, but not limited to, measures reducing impacts from

pollution, sedimentation, and fishing. To the extent not inconsistent with

statutory responsibilities and procedures, these measures shall be developed

in cooperation with the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force and fishery management

councils and in consultation with affected States, territorial, commonwealth,

tribal, and local government agencies, nongovernmental organizations, the

scientific community, and commercial interests.

Sec. 4. U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. The Secretary of the Interior and the

Secretary of Commerce, through the Administrator of the National Oceanic

and Atmospheric Administration, shall co-chair a U.S. Coral Reef Task Force

(‘‘Task Force’’), whose members shall include, but not be limited to, the

Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the Attorney General,

the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary

of Commerce, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, the Secretary

of Transportation, the Director of the National Science Foundation, the Administrator of the Agency for International Development, and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Task Force

shall oversee implementation of the policy and Federal agency responsibilities set forth in this order, and shall guide and support activities under

the U.S. Coral Reef Initiative (‘‘CRI’’). All Federal agencies whose actions

may affect U.S. coral reef ecosystems shall review their participation in

the CRI and the strategies developed under it, including strategies and

plans of State, territorial, commonwealth, and local governments, and, to

the extent feasible, shall enhance Federal participation and support of such

strategies and plans. The Task Force shall work in cooperation with State,

territorial, commonwealth, and local government agencies, nongovernmental

organizations, the scientific community, and commercial interests.

Sec. 5. Duties of the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force. (a) Coral Reef Mapping

and Monitoring. The Task Force, in cooperation with State, territory, commonwealth, and local government partners, shall coordinate a comprehensive

program to map and monitor U.S. coral reefs. Such programs shall include,

but not be limited to, territories and commonwealths, special marine protected areas such as National Marine Sanctuaries, National Estuarine Research

Reserves, National Parks, National Wildlife Refuges, and other entities having

significant coral reef resources. To the extent feasible, remote sensing capabilities shall be developed and applied to this program and local communities

should be engaged in the design and conduct of programs.

(b) Research. The Task Force shall develop and implement, with the

scientific community, research aimed at identifying the major causes and

consequences of degradation of coral reef ecosystems. This research shall

include fundamental scientific research to provide a sound framework for

the restoration and conservation of coral reef ecosystems worldwide. To

the extent feasible, existing and planned environmental monitoring and mapping programs should be linked with scientific research activities. This

Executive order shall not interfere with the normal conduct of scientific

studies on coral reef ecosystems.

(c) Conservation, Mitigation, and Restoration. The Task Force, in cooperation with State, territorial, commonwealth, and local government agencies,

nongovernmental organizations, the scientific community and commercial

interests, shall develop, recommend, and seek or secure implementation

of measures necessary to reduce and mitigate coral reef ecosystem degradation

and to restore damaged coral reefs. These measures shall include solutions

to problems such as land-based sources of water pollution, sedimentation,

detrimental alteration of salinity or temperature, over-fishing, over-use, collection of coral reef species, and direct destruction caused by activities

such as recreational and commercial vessel traffic and treasure salvage.

In developing these measures, the Task Force shall review existing legislation
Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 115 /Tuesday, June 16, 1998 / Presidential Documents 32703

to determine whether additional legislation is necessary to complement the

policy objectives of this order and shall recommend such legislation if

appropriate. The Task Force shall further evaluate existing navigational aids,

including charts, maps, day markers, and beacons to determine if the designation of the location of specific coral reefs should be enhanced through

the use, revision, or improvement of such aids.

(d) International Cooperation. The Secretary of State and the Administrator

of the Agency for International Development, in cooperation with other

members of the Coral Reef Task Force and drawing upon their expertise,

shall assess the U.S. role in international trade and protection of coral

reef species and implement appropriate strategies and actions to promote

conservation and sustainable use of coral reef resources worldwide. Such

actions shall include expanded collaboration with other International Coral

Reef Initiative (‘‘ICRI’’) partners, especially governments, to implement the

ICRI through its Framework for Action and the Global Coral Reef Monitoring

Network at regional, national, and local levels.

Sec. 6. This order does not create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable in law or equity by a party against the United States,

[FR Doc. 98–16161

its agencies, its officers, or any person.

THE WHITE HOUSE,

June 11, 1998.

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Filed 6–15–98; 8:45 am]

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