[Cite as Brown v. Ohio Dept. of Rehab. & Corr., 2011-Ohio-3851.]

Court of Claims of Ohio

The Ohio Judicial Center 

65 South Front Street, Third Floor 

Columbus, OH 43215 

614.387.9800 or 1.800.824.8263 

www.cco.state.oh.us

FRANK C. BROWN, JR. 

 Plaintiff 

 v. 

OHIO DEPARTMENT OF REHABILITATION AND CORRECTION 

 Defendant 

Case No. 2010-09221-AD 

Deputy Clerk Daniel R. Borchert 

MEMORANDUM DECISION

FINDINGS OF FACT 

{¶ 1} On December 12, 2009, employees of defendant, Department of 

Rehabilitation and Correction (DRC), conducted a shakedown search at the London 

Correctional Institution (LoCI), a DRC facility. Plaintiff, Frank C. Brown, Jr., an inmate 

incarcerated at LoCI, stated that several items of his personal property were thrown 

away by DRC staff during the course of the shakedown search. Specifically, plaintiff 

asserted that a dictionary, two cups and a lid, a picture frame, coffee, nail clippers, 

tweezers, toenail clippers, a legal envelope, salt/pepper shakers, a denture brush, a 

NCCI copy card, a TV antenna, I.D. clips, personal carry medications and an alarm 

clock were discarded by DRC personnel. 

{¶ 2} Plaintiff contended that defendant had no right or authority to throw away 

his property items. Consequently, plaintiff filed this complaint seeking to recover 

$35.00, the stated replacement cost for his discarded property. Payment of the $25.00 

filing fee was waived. 
{¶ 3} Plaintiff submitted a copy of an “Inmate Property Record-Disposition” 

(inventory) dated November 25, 2009, compiled by North Central Correctional Institution 

staff incident to plaintiff’s transfer to LoCI. Plaintiff asserts that any receipts for his 

possessions were also discarded during the shakedown search. 

{¶ 4} Defendant denied liability and contended that plaintiff failed to offer any 

evidence to prove that his property was discarded by DRC personnel during the 

December 12, 2009 shakedown search at LoCI. Defendant further asserted plaintiff did 

not produce any evidence to establish he possessed the alleged discarded property 

items on December 12, 2009. 

{¶ 5} Plaintiff filed a response arguing that the shakedown was retaliatory and 

performed merely for spite and meanness against him. 

CONCLUSIONS OF LAW 

{¶ 6} It has been determined by this court that when a defendant engaged in a 

shakedown operation, it must exercise ordinary care in doing so. Henderson v. 

Southern Ohio Correctional Facility (1979), 76-0356-AD. 

{¶ 7} This court in Mullett v. Department of Correction (1976), 76-0292-AD, held 

that defendant does not have the liability of an insurer (i.e., is not liable without fault) 

with respect to inmate property, but that it does have the duty to make “reasonable 

attempts to protect, or recover” such property. 

{¶ 8} Plaintiff has the burden of proving, by a preponderance of the evidence, 

that he suffered a loss and that this loss was proximately caused by defendant’s 

negligence. Barnum v. Ohio State University (1977), 76-0368-AD. 

{¶ 9} Plaintiff has failed to prove a causal connection between the loss of his 

property and any breach of duty owed by defendant in regard to protecting inmate 

property. Druckenmiller v. Mansfield Correctional Inst. (1998), 97-11819-AD. 

{¶ 10} Plaintiff must produce evidence which affords a reasonable basis for the 

conclusion defendant’s conduct is more likely than not a substantial factor in bringing 

about the harm. Parks v. Department of Rehabilitation and Correction (1985), 85-

01546-AD. 

{¶ 11} In order to recover against a defendant in a tort action, plaintiff must 

produce evidence which furnishes a reasonable basis for sustaining his claim. If his 

evidence furnishes a basis for only a guess, among different possibilities, as to any 
essential issue in the case, he fails to sustain the burden as to such issue. Landon v. 

Lee Motors, Inc. (1954), 161 Ohio St. 82, 53 O.O. 25, 118 N.E. 2d 147. 

{¶ 12} In order to prevail, plaintiff must prove, by a preponderance of the 

evidence, that defendant owed him a duty, that defendant breached that duty, and that 

defendant’s breach proximately caused his injuries. Armstrong v. Best Buy Company, 

Inc., 99 Ohio St. 3d 79, 2003-Ohio-2573,¶8 citing Menifee v. Ohio Welding Products, 

Inc. (1984), 15 Ohio St. 3d 75, 77, 15 OBR 179, 472 N.E. 2d 707. 

{¶ 13} “Whether a duty is breached and whether the breach proximately 

caused an injury are normally questions of fact, to be decided by . . . the court . . .” 

Pacher v. Invisible Fence of Dayton, 154 Ohio App. 3d 744, 2003-Ohio-5333,¶41, citing 

Miller v. Paulson (1994), 97 Ohio App. 3d 217, 221, 646 N.E. 2d 521; Mussivand v. 

David (1989), 45 Ohio St. 3d 314, 318, 544 N.E. 2d 265. 

{¶ 14} The credibility of witnesses and the weight attributable to their 

testimony are primarily matters for the trier of fact. State v. DeHass (1967), 10 Ohio St. 

2d 230, 39 O.O. 2d 366, 227 N.E. 2d 212, paragraph one of the syllabus. This court is 

free to believe or disbelieve, all or any part of each witness’s testimony. State v. Antill

(1964), 176 Ohio St. 61, 26 O.O. 2d 366, 197 N.E. 2d 548. The court does not find 

plaintiff’s assertions particularly persuasive. 

{¶ 15} Plaintiff has failed to prove, by a preponderance of the evidence, that 

any of his property was damaged as a proximate result of any negligent conduct 

attributable to defendant. Fitzgerald v. Department of Rehabilitation and Correction

(1998), 97-10146-AD. 

{¶ 16} The Supreme Court of Ohio has established that an employer is liable 

for the tortious conduct of its employee only if the conduct is committed within the scope 

of employment and if the tort is intentional, the conduct giving rise to the tort must 

facilitate or promote the business of which the employee was engaged. Byrd v. Faber

(1991), 57 Ohio St. 3d 56, 565 N.E. 2d 584, citing Little Miami RR. Co. v. Wetmore

(1869), 19 Ohio St. 110, and Taylor v. Doctors Hosp. (1985), 21 Ohio App. 3d 154, 21 

OBR 165, 486 N.E. 2d 1249. 

{¶ 17} Further, an intentional and willful tort committed by an employee for his 

own purposes constitutes a departure from the employment, so that the employer is not 

responsible. Szydlowski v. Ohio Dept. of Rehab. & Corr. (1992), 79 Ohio App. 3d 303, 
607 N.E. 2d 103, citing Vrabel v. Acri (1952), 156 Ohio St. 467, 46 O.O. 387, 103 N.E. 

2d 564. The facts of this case, if taken as true, would constitute an intentional tort 

committed by defendant’s employee performed for his own personal purposes. Thus, 

following the rationale of Szydlowski, plaintiff would not have a cause of action against 

defendant for intentional damage done to his property. 

{¶ 18} To the extent that plaintiff alleges claims based upon retaliation, action 

against the state under Section 1983, Title 42, U.S. Code may not be brought in the 

Court of Claims because the state is not a “person” within the meaning of Section 1983. 

See, e.g., Jett v. Dallas Indep. School Dist. (1989), 491 U.S. 701, 109 S. Ct. 2702, 105 

L. Ed. 2d 598; Burkey v. Southern Ohio Correctional Facility (1988), 38 Ohio App. 3d 

170, 528 N.E. 2d 607; White v. Chillicothe Correctional Institution (Dec. 22, 1992), 

Franklin App. No. 92-AP-1229. Indeed, claims of retaliation are to be treated as an 

action for alleged violations of constitutional rights under Section 1983, Title 42, U.S. 

Code. Thus, this court is without jurisdiction to hear those claims. 
Court of Claims of Ohio

The Ohio Judicial Center 

65 South Front Street, Third Floor 

Columbus, OH 43215 

614.387.9800 or 1.800.824.8263 

www.cco.state.oh.us 

FRANK C. BROWN, JR. 

 Plaintiff 

 v. 

OHIO DEPARTMENT OF REHABILITATION AND CORRECTION 

 Defendant 

Case No. 2010-09221-AD 

Deputy Clerk Daniel R. Borchert 

ENTRY OF ADMINISTRATIVE DETERMINATION

 Having considered all the evidence in the claim file and, for the reasons set forth 

in the memorandum decision filed concurrently herewith, judgment is rendered in favor 

of defendant. Court costs are assessed against plaintiff. 

 

 ________________________________ 

 DANIEL R. BORCHERT 

 Deputy Clerk 

Entry cc: 

Frank C. Brown, Jr., #A439-439 Gregory C. Trout, Chief Counsel 

1580 State Route 56 SW Department of Rehabilitation 

P.O. Box 69 and Correction 

London, Ohio 43140-0069 770 West Broad Street 

 Columbus, Ohio 43222 

SJM/laa 

3/9 

Filed 4/21/11 

Sent to S.C. reporter 8/5/11