# PROPOSAL FOR PRIORITY SETTING FOR EXISTING SUBSTANCES ON THE DOMESTIC SUBSTANCES LIST UNDER THE CANADIAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT, 1999

GREATEST POTENTIAL FOR HUMAN EXPOSURE

Health Canada

2003

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

ii Table of Contents

1. Introduction................................................................................................................ ......... 1
2. Content..................................................................................................................... ........... 2 3. Proposal for the First Stage of Priority Setting for Greatest Potential for Exposure.......... 2 3.1 The Limited Objective .................................................................................................. 2 3.2 The Proposal ............................................................................................................... .. 3 3.3 Basis for the Criteria for the Initial List of Prioritized Substances............................... 6 3.4 Principles and Process by Which the Proposal Was Developed .................................. 7 3.5 Nature of Substances Prioritized for Further Consideration......................................... 8 3.6 Confidence and Limitations.......................................................................................... 9 4. Next Steps .................................................................................................................. ....... 14
5. Invitation to Comment ...................................................................................................... 1 5 6. Background to CEPA 1999 Priority Setting for Health Risk Assessment for Existing Substances..................................................................................................................... .... 16 7. Glossary .................................................................................................................... ........ 20
8. References.................................................................................................................. ....... 26

List of Figures

Figure 1: Schematic representation of the proposed first stage of priority setting for GPE........... 5 Figure 2: The Existing Substances Program under CEPA 1999 .................................................. 17 Figure 3: Types of substances on the DSL ................................................................................... 21

List of Tables

Table 1: Distribution of substances on the DSL by quantity code (1986 data).............................. 6 Table 2: Types of substances initially prioritized for further consideration by the approach outlined in the proposal .................................................................................................... 8 Table 3: Number of substances prioritized by the proposed approach according to the 20 use codes ranked highest fo r exposure potential................................................................... 10

List of Appendices

Appendix A: Substances Initially Prioritized by the Proposed Approach.................................... 27 Appendix B: Tables of Functional Use Codes, Industrial Sector Codes and Quantity Codes ..... 63 Appendix C: Development of the Use Code Indices and Ranking of Functional Use and Industrial Sector Codes for “Potential for Human Exposure”................................. 66 Supporting Documentation

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

iii The following reports constitute supporting documentation to this proposal:

• Report on Workshop to Consider DSL Industrial Sector and Functional Use Codes as Indicators of Potential Human Exposure , 1st Workshop (Government Experts), May 30, 2000.

• Report on Workshop to Consider DSL Industrial Sector and Functional Use Codes as Indicators of Potential Human Exposure , 2nd Workshop (Industry Experts), October 18, 2002.

• E. Doyle, H. Patterson, A Study to Determine Currency of DSL Quantity Data for Use in Categorization of DSL Substances , Report prepared by Exposure Assessment Section, Existing Substances Division, Health Canada, August 2001.

The above documents are available from the Existing Substances Division website at <http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/exsd-dse> or on request from:

Existing Substances Division Bureau of Environmental Contaminants Safe Environments Programme Health Canada Environmental Health Centre, Room 145 Tunney’s Pasture Postal Locator: 0801C2 Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2 ExSD@hc-sc.gc.ca

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

iv List of Acronyms and Abbreviations

bw body weight CAS Chemical Abstracts Service CEPA 1988 1988 Canadian Environmental Protection Act CEPA 1999 Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 CPI Chemical Product Index DSL Domestic Substances List EPA Environmental Protection Agency (U.S.) GPE greatest potential for exposure HPV high production volume ICCA International Council of Chemical Associations IUR Inventory Update Rule OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development PSL Priority Substances List Q estimated annual quantity of use S number of submitters SIDS Screening Information Dataset SNAc Significant New Activity TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act U sum of use code indices UVCB substances of unknown or variable composition, complex reaction products and biological material

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

1 1. Introduction

The Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA 1999) 1 

### requires categorization (Section 73) of all of the approximately 23 000 substances on the Domestic Substances List (DSL) prior to a legally mandated deadline of September 14, 2006 (Government of Canada, 1999). This proposal outlines the first stage of priority setting for the requirement under the legislation for Health Canada to identify (i.e., “categorize”) those substances on the DSL that present the greatest potential for exposure (GPE) to Canadians. It is being released for a comment period to solicit input on both technical and management aspects relevant to its refinement and completion.

As this is the first stage, there is a likelihood of additional stages to further refine priorities prior to the 2006 deadline for categorization. More discriminating stages of priority setting in GPE categorization, although not yet fu lly developed, are also outlined briefly to provide contextual reference, to encourag e voluntary submission of relevant data for consideration and to solicit input on the proposed path forward.

In considering this proposal, it is important to understand the limited objective of categorization in the overall mandate for Existing Substances under CEPA 1999. There are two additional phases of more detailed assessment for substances prioritized (categorized) for further consideration: namely, screening (Section 74) and Priority Substances (Section 76) . Also, within the categorization phase, there is another independent stream that prioritizes substances primarily on the basis of environmental impacts (i.e., compounds considered to be persistent or bioaccumulative in the environment and inherently toxic to humans or to non-human organisms). Additionally, there are other streams through which substances can be prioritized for assessment: reviews of decisions of other jurisdictions ( Section 75 ), nominations to the Priority Substances List (PSL) and advice provided to the Ministers of Health and the Environment by expert panels.

In the interest of soliciting additional relevant information to permit refinement prior to 2006, a draft list of initially prioritized substances is included in Appendix A. Inclusion on this list does not imply that these substances are the most hazardous or that exposure should be avoided; it simply indicates that they would be prioritized for additional consideration based on the criteria for the first stage of GPE prioritization delineated in this proposal.

This is the first of three proposals that will be issued for public comment in relation to Health Canada’s responsibilities for categorization under CEPA 1999. A second proposal addressing priority setting for inherent toxicity to humans will be issued shortly. Based on comments and information received in response to both of these proposals, and taking into account additional stages of iterative priority setting that continue to be developed, a final integrated approach to categorization for both GPE and inherent toxicity to humans will be issued in the fall of 2005.

1 Terms identified by bolding and italics the first time they app ear in the text are defined in the glossary (section 7).

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

2 Written comments, which will be taken into consideration in revision of the proposal, should be submitted prior to March 31, 2004 to the Existing Substances Division website at <http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hecs-sesc/exsd/cat_dsl2.htm>. Comments can also be submitted to:

Existing Substances Division Bureau of Environmental Contaminants Safe Environments Programme Health Canada Environmental Health Centre, Room 145 Tunney’s Pasture Postal Locator: 0801C2 Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2 ExSD@hc-sc.gc.ca

2. Content

Initially, the proposal for the first stage of priority setting for greatest potential for exposure (section 3) is outlined in the context of its limited objective and the principles and process by which it was developed. This is followed by an indication of potential next steps (section 4) and an invitation to comment (section 5), which includes specific relevant questions for consideration to focus the attention of the reviewers, although comment on all aspects of the proposal is invited. Background information is then presented (section 6) to set the context of relevant requirements under CEPA 1999 and the relationship of this component of the program with iterative subsequent stages of fuller health assessment of Existing Substances. A glossary (section 7) is included to explain important terms in the report; these terms are identified in the text by bolding and italics. References cited in the text are listed in section 8.

Substances that have been initially prioritized by the proposed approach are presented in Appendix A. Appendix B lists DSL functional use and industrial sector codes (use codes and DSL codes for quantity of use ranges), whereas Appendix C describes the derivation of and lists the use code ranking indices. Supporting documentation includes the reports of two workshops in which the exposure potential of individual use codes was ranked and A Study to Determine Currency of DSL Quantity Data for Use in Categorization of DSL Substances

. 3. Proposal for the First Stage of Priority Setting for Greatest Potential for Exposure

3.1 The Limited Objective

While there are several other streams by which Existing Substances can be prioritized for assessment, categorization of substances on the DSL is unique in that it is the only stream for assessment that makes provision for systematic consideration of all Existing Substances in Canada to establish priorities for further work (e.g., data generation and assessment). For this

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

3 reason, the proposal outlined below embodies the principle that all substances should be treated equally to ensure that there is no bias preventing further consideration of substances for which data are currently limited or unavailable. This a pproach fulfils the fundamental objective of the categorization provisions of CEPA 1999 to avoi d continued emphasis on the limited numbers of Existing Substances for which there is information on exposure and effects. However, this does not preclude additional data being taken into consideration in subsequent priority-setting stages before the 2006 deadline for categorization.

Hence, the proposed first stage of priority setting in the GPE categorization is simple and pragmatic to ensure that all substances are addressed, based on comparable existing information. This information, which derives from that submitted at the time the DSL was compiled, is limited. Indeed, it is the constraints under which the DSL was compiled and the limitations of the information submitted at that time that constitute some of the most significant shortcomings of this proposal (Environment Canada, 1988).

Information for each substance on the DSL is restricted to the following:

• Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry number;

• chemical name (CAS naming convention);

• names of organizations or persons notifying information ( submitters );

• codes representing the functional use of a particular substance ( functional use codes ) and/or the industrial sector in which it was used ( industrial sector codes ) (Appendix B, Table B1); and

• a coded estimate of the quantities of a particular substance in use (manufactured, imported and used in Canada) during the reporting period defined in the Act (1984–1986), as supplied by each submitter in codes representing order-of-magnitude ranges (Appendix B, Table B2).

The limitations of the information available for each of the substances on the DSL preclude all but the crudest distinctions with respect to potential for exposure. However, the information does enable consideration of quantity in commerce, numbers of submitters and use codes. These criteria permit crude priority setting in the context of GPE in that they allow identification of substances produced or imported in the greatest quantities for which uses could be dispersive in the environment or which are used in products that come into direct contact with the general population. This offers an improvement over, for example, the single criterion of quantity, which has been used as the basis of priority setting for voluntary testing programs for existing substances internationally.

3.2 The Proposal

The proposal is based on three different lines of evidence, derived from the limited information provided for all substances on the DSL: namely, quantity (estimated annual quantity of use, Q ), number of submitters ( S ) and use (sum of use code indices, U ).

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

4 For quantity (Q), annual quantities of use were reported for each substance by each submitter in codes representing order-of-magnitude ranges. The high end of the range for quantity of use for each substance reported by each submitter was summed for all submitters, resulting in total quantities of use for each substance ranging from 0 to greater than 10 9 

### kg/year (10 6 

### tonnes/year). All 22 264 substances on the DSL were then ranked in descending order on this basis. Log quantities ranged from 8.4 to 0 (Figure 1).

All 22 264 substances on the DSL were also ranked in descending order on the basis of their number of submitters (S). The number of submitters ranged from 102 to 1 (Figure 1). This parameter was included on the premise that, if a substance is being used by a large number of submitters, then it is likely to have more widespread distribution in Canada than a substance used by a smaller number of submitters.

Development of the parameter related to use (U) was based principally on expert judgement. Individually, 33 experts were asked to rank each of the functional use and industrial sector codes as having “high,” “medium” or “low” potential for exposure. 2 

### An expert-ranked index was subsequently developed for each of the functional use and industrial sector codes through summation of the number of experts reporting each of “low,” “medium” and “high” potential for exposure multiplied by scaling factors of 1 for “low,” 10 for “medium” and 100 for “high.” This index was then normalized to a scale between 1 and 100 by dividing by the number of participants. The order-of-magnitude scali ng factors, although principally arbitrary, were chosen to increase the spread of values for the indices of use and to bias the weighting to those uses considered by experts to have the greatest potential for exposure.

For use (U), all 22 264 substances on the DSL were ranked in descending order on the basis of their sums of normalized indices of expert-ranked functional use and industrial sector codes for each substance. The sum of the use indices for each substance ranged from 13 227 to 0 (Figure 1).

The criteria for initial prioritization proposed for each of these lines of evidence are quantity of use (Q) ≥ 1 000 000 kg/year (2413 substances); the top 10% of the rank order of the number of submitters (S) ( ≥ 4 submitters) (2665 substances); and the top 10% of the rank order of indices of use (U) (score ≥ 414.1) (2226 substances). Substances would be considered as priorities for further consideration only if they met the criteria for each of the three lines of evidence (Figure 1).

A schematic representation of the proposed approach to the first stage of priority setting for GPE is presented in Figure 1.

2 The workshop used the terms “greatest,” “intermediate” and “least”; for clarity, the equivalent terms “high,” “medium” and “low” are adopted in this proposal.

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

5 Figure 1: Schematic representation of the proposed first stage of priority setting for GPE

8.4

4.3

3

2

0 102

2

1 13227

189

94.5

58.4

0 Prioritization criterion 1 000 000 kg/year Prioritization criterion 10% (4 Submitters) Prioritization criterio n 10% ( Score of 414.1 ) 

### Q

Q S

S U

U Draft list of 849 substances from the first stage of prioritization for further consideration Quantity

(Log) Number of Submitters Σ Use Code Indices

Quantity Number of Submitters Σ Use Code

Indices (2413 substances) (2665 substances) (2226 substances)

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

6 3.3 Basis for the Criteria for the Initial List of Prioritized Substances

The proposed criterion for quantity (Q) is consistent with those adopted internationally. This aspect is important in ensuring that the DS L program contributes to efficient use of global resources to address the significant task of setting priorities for testing and assessment of all Existing Substances. However, limitations of reporting for the DSL preclude meeting this objective fully.

Based on the proposed procedure for the estimation of Q, the numbers and proportions of substances in each quantity range are presented in Table 1. The DSL quantities are reported in order-of-magnitude ranges, and the high end of the quantity range for each substance reported by each submitter was summed for the total quantity for a particular substance. Hence, a value of ≥ 1 000 000 kg/year prioritizes for further investigation all substances that were definitely in use at over 100 000 kg/year based on 1986 submissions. On this basis, 2413 (10.8%) of the 22 264 substances on the DSL met or exceeded this criterion for prioritization. (In other words, the numbers of substances in the quantity ranges designated by codes F and G in Table 1 constitute those in use at over 100 000 kg/year in Canada. This is due to the total quantities for each substance representing the sums of the maximum values from the order-of-magnitude ranges reported by each submitter for each use code.)

Table 1: Distribution of substances on the DSL by quantity code (1986 data)

Code Quantity range (kg) Number of substances in quantity ranges using proposed procedure % of substances in quantity ranges G Over 10 000 000 1198 5.4 F 1 000 000 – 10 000 000 1215 5.4 E 100 000 – 1 000 000 2354 10.6 D 10 000 – 100 000 5094 22.9 C 1 000 – 10 000 5231 23.5 B 100 – 1 000 763 3.4 A Under 100 3827 17.2 N Nil a 2582 11.6

a Substance did not meet eligibility criteria in 1986, but did m eet eligibility criteria in 1984 or 1985. No import, manufacture or in-commerce activity in 1986 (i.e., substance quantity was zer o). Used where import amount or manufacture amount exceeded 100 kg in 1984 or 1985, but was less than 100 kg in 1986.


### The proposed criterion for Q is aligned to the extent possible with the quantities that define high-production-volume (HPV) chemicals in voluntary testing programs internationally: namely, the HPV Chemical challenge program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the International Council of Ch emical Associations (ICCA) HPV working list. For the former, the relevant criterion for inclusion is production or import in volumes greater than 1 000 000 lbs./year (approximately 450 000 kg/year); for the latter, this value is greater than 1000 tonnes/year (1 000 000 kg/year). The proposed criterion is also consistent with the approach proposed by the European Commission in its REACH plan (European Commission,

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

7 2003); the European Commission will require all substances produced in quantities of greater than 100 tonnes/year (i.e., 100 000 kg/year) to be evaluated, which is similar to the criterion proposed here that prioritizes all substances definitely in use at over 100 000 kg/year.

The proposed criteria for S (number of submitters) and U (use) are arbitrary, but consistent with that adopted for Q (quantity of use). The value proposed is the top 10% of all substances on the DSL ranked in descending order on the basis of each of these parameters. The result is 2665 substances being prioritized based on the number of submitters (S) and 2226 substances being prioritized based on the sum of weighted use code indices (U). Although the choice of 10% for these parameters is arbitrary, the number of DSL substances that are prioritized in each case is similar to the number prioritized under the criterion for quantity (Q) (2413 substances, 10.8%).

3.4 Principles and Process by Which the Proposal Was Developed

The proposed approach makes maximal use of the limited data available for all substances on the DSL, drawing separately on as many different lines of evidence as possible. Substances will be considered as priorities for further consideration only if they meet the criteria proposed above for each of the three lines of evidence: namely, quantity (Q), number of submitters (S) and use (U) (Figure 1). This offers considerable advantage over existing prioritization schemes in international testing initiatives, which are based solely on volume of production. Owing to the limitations of data available for all substances on the DSL, no other independent lines of evidence were identified.

With the exception that expert judgement is incorporated in the development of the parameter for use (U), the proposal is based on “mechanically” generated indices for prioritization. This does not preclude consideration of additional expert judgement in potential subsequent stages of refinement.

Of the three lines of evidence suggested as a basis for initial priority setting in this proposal, expert judgement was incorporated only in the development of the expert-ranked normalized indices of use (U). In developing the indices, two workshops were organized, for which the reports are available as supporting documentation. An expert-ranked use code index was developed based on the degrees of consensus that each use code reflected “high,” “medium” or “low” potential for exposure based on predefined criteria. The methodology by which the indices were developed, based on the conclusions of the workshops, and a list of these rankings are provided in Appendix C.

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

8 In the derivation of this index, the weighting of the expert judgements representing “low,” “medium” or “high” potential for human exposure is primarily arbitrary. These three categories were weighted in 10-fold increments — i.e., 1 for “low,” 10 for “medium” and 100 for “high.” The increment was selected to increase the spread of values for the indices of use and bias the rank order values to those uses considered by experts to have greatest potential for exposure. This latter reason is consistent with the objective to identify highest quantity substances for which uses are dispersive in the environment or which come into direct contact with the general population.

3.5 Nature of Substances Prioritized for Further Consideration

Application of the approach advocated within this proposal results in 849 substances being initially prioritized for further consideration. (These substances are listed in Appendix A by chemical class.) The distribution of the different types of substances prioritized on this basis is presented in Table 2.

Table 2: Types of substances initially prioritized for further consideration by th e approach outlined in the proposal

Chemical category a Top 10% Organic 314 37% Inorganic 149 18% Organometallic 3 <1% Organic-metal salt 5 <1% Polymer 111 13% UVCB 267 31% Total 849 100%

a Chemical categories are define d in the Glossary (section 7).


### While the substances included in Appendix A seem reasonable priorities for initial consideration, it is also important to recognize the broader value of the methodology presented in this proposal in priority setting based on initial consideration for all substances in the Existing Substances Program. Consistent with the longer-term objective to consider hazard and risk for all Existing Substances, the methodology is also relevant to development of additional tiers of priority setting. For example, the next highest priorities for consideration might be those for which the criterion for Q is selected as 100 000 kg/year. If applied along with the other two criteria for S and U in this proposal, an additional 407 substances would be prioritized for further consideration. This would include all substances definitely in use in Canada at over 10 000 kg/year, because of the summation of the high end of order-of-magnitude quantity
ranges.

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

9 3.6 Confidence and Limitations

Alternatives Considered The option presented here was that preferred based on consideration of a series of alternatives. In one of two other alternatives consid ered, each of quantity (Q), the number of submitters (S) and the sum of the normalized indices of expert-ranked use codes (U) for each substance was ranked in descending order (from 22 264 to 1). For each substance, the ranking for each of these parameters was summed (Q + S + U), and the substances were then ranked in descending order of the combined score. Substances were prioritized for further consideration if they had a score above 90% of the theoretical maximum score (n = 1399 substances). While this approach draws on all three lines of evidence, it does not do so maximally. Substances that score very high on two criteria but only in approximately the top 30% on the third are prioritized for further consideration.

In an additional option considered, the criteria for prioritization varied. The number of submitters (S) was ranked in descending order, and those for which the value was ≥ 4 were prioritized. The criterion for total quantity (Q) was 100 000 kg/year. For the sum of the use code indices, an expert-ranked index value of ≥ 70 was selected to represent use codes with high dispersive use, and a criterion for prioritization of 299 was established by multiplication of this value by the average number of use codes for the substances on the DSL (4.26). Then, for each substance, only submitted use codes with indices greater than 70 were summed, and only substances with a total score ≥ 299 were prioritized for this line of evidence. This resulted in 1531 substances common to all three lines of evidence prioritized for further consideration. While this alternative also draws on all three lin es of evidence, it does not maximize use of the information on use patterns and is based on additional subjective judgement about which use codes represented high dispersive use.

Weighting of the use codes by accompanying data on volume of use and allocating volumes across the submitted use codes were also considered. These approaches were abandoned because they did not maximize drawing from different lines of evidence, leading to double counting of quantity. This created bias to prioritization of higher-quantity substances, excluding those with lower reported quantities but higher use code indices. The approaches also required many arbitrary decisions resulting from the limitations in the manner in which use codes and quantities were reported in the compilation of the DSL.

Confidence Validation Compounds identified on the basis of this proposal are consistent with those expected based on its limited objective and constitute reasonable initial priorities for further consideration. The limited objective of this proposal, as stated above, was to prioritize, on the basis of similar information available for all substances on DSL, those substances produced or imported in the greatest quantities for which uses could be dispersive in the environment or which come into direct contact with the general population. For the subset of 849 substances (3.8%) prioritized based on application of the approach within this proposal, Table 3 presents the number of

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

10 substances for which the top 20 use code indices (Appendix C) were reported by one or more submitters. Information in the table supports prioritization, on the basis of the proposal, of substances for which uses could be dispersive in the environment or which are used in products that come into direct contact with the general population.

Table 3: Number of substances prioritized by the pr oposed approach according to the 20 use codes ranked highest for exposure potential

Use code Description Use code index Number of substances 22 Fragrance/perfume/deodourizer/flavouring agent 94.55 395 46 Surfactant – detergent/emulsifier/wetting agent/dispersant 86.36 229 93 Soap and cleaning products 85.19 305 53 Agriculture, field crops 82.29 52 44 Solvent/carrier 80.91 256 82 Petroleum and natural gas 78.81 328 23 Fuel/fuel additive 78.18 110 31 Pesticide/herbicide/biocide/disinfectant/repellant/attractant 78.18 72 39 Preservative 77.91 34 60 Cosmetics 73.29 175 65 Food, feed, and beverage 72.71 165 81 Pest control products, formulating and manufacture 70.39 65 30 Paint/coating additive 69.18 285 63 Fertilizer 67.77 46 91 Refined petroleum and coal products 67.77 188 64 Forestry/wood products/wood treatment 66.90 20 13 Colourant – pigment/stain/dye/ink 66.73 224 97 Water and waste treatment 64.58 120 54 Agriculture, other 63.13 51 83 Pharmaceuticals 61.39 124


### Substances prioritized also overlap with those being considered in international initiatives. Of the 849 substances that would be prioritized based on this proposal, 549 (65%) are included on either the U.S. EPA HPV Challenge Program List (463 substances, 55%) or the ICCA HPV 2003 Working List (313 substances, 37%) (Appendix A). The numbers of each type of substance not on either of these lists (in 2003) are organics (30), inorganics (73), polymers (104), UVCBs (93) and organic-metal salts (1). Di fferences are likely attributable principally to inclusion in this proposal of additional lines of evidence (i.e., U and S). Criteria in this proposal are also applied to all of the various types of substances on the DSL, including inorganics and polymers, which were excluded from other programs. The sizes of the source lists from among these initiatives also vary considerably.

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

11 There are limited possibilities to compare the output of this first stage of priority setting with the outcome of more complete assessments of exposure due, in part, to the limited availability of data to serve as a basis for such assessments and the lack of a requirement for quantitative multimedia exposure assessments in most jurisdictions. Indeed, the repository of multimedia exposure assessments for the first and second PSLs is the most robust and complete of the relevant databases identified.

To consider the robustness of the proposal for the first stage of priority setting, then, the absolute values and rank order for each of the lines of evidence in this proposal were compared with deterministic estimates of exposure (minimum, mean and maximum intake in μg/kg-bw per day) for each of 37 Priority Substances on the first and second PSLs for which this was possible. This information was analysed particularly with reference to those substances on the PSL that are prioritized on the basis of the proposal presented here (n = 30) versus those that are not (n = 7). Lack of prioritization of substances correlated roughly with very low deterministic estimates of exposure in the general environment (<1 μg/kg-bw per day) and no identified consumer product uses. Exceptions for PSL substances with high deterministic estimates of exposure that would not be prioritized by the approach presented here either were naturally occurring inorganic substances or could be attributed to likely considerable quantitative overestimates of exposure related to limitations of the database. To the limited extent to which it can be examined, then, the compounds captured based on the first-stage proposal presented here are considered to be true priorities for additional work.

Limitations The most significant limitation of the current proposal relates to the potential lack of prioritization of substances that should be considered additionally in the context of potential risk to human health. However, it is likely that these substances will be prioritized for consideration through other streams within the Existing Substances Program.

The proposed approach does not identify for future work:

• substances whose major source is from articles or finished products imported into Canada, unless the reported quantities and uses in Canada during compilation of the DSL were sufficiently high to lead to their identification;

• substances primarily used or produced in industrial processes, which are released in effluents, emissions, wastes and by-products and are not used substantially in consumer products;

• environmental contaminants from releases of substances regulated under an Act of Parliament other than CEPA 1999 or that are present in Canada through long-range transport through the atmosphere or aquatic systems;

• substances produced as reaction or decomposition products from industrial or natural processes; and

• substances that have come into high quantity and/or widespread consumer use since the publication of the DSL as a result of technological change or response to market demands.

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

12 This limitation is a function of the fundamental premise underlying this proposal that, in the initial stages, all Existing Substances must be addressed in similar fashion to ensure that true priorities for both testing and assessment are identified. This necessarily limits the information available as a basis to set priorities and permits only crude priority setting in an exposure
context.

However, this limitation is offset by other provisions under CEPA 1999 to identify priorities for assessment. Any substance not identified by the GPE proposal — for example, a substance within one of the groups identified above — could be identified and considered further under one or more of these alternative streams. For example, under Subsection 73(b), a separate stream of DSL categorization, substances are prioritized on the basis of potential for persistence and/or bioaccumulation and being inherently t oxic to humans or non-human organisms. This stream is potentially more relevant to identification of candidate substances released in effluents,emissions, wastes and by-products. Similarly, through the same priority-setting stream, a DSLlisted substance in articles or products or present in Canada through long-range transport could be identified as a priority. Also under Section 75, the Ministers of Health and Environment are required to review decisions to specifically prohibit or substantially restrict any substance by or under the legislation of another jurisdiction for environmental or health reasons. Finally, under Subsection 76(3), any person may file in writing with the Minister of the Environment a request that a substance be added to the PSL, and the request shall state the reasons for adding the substance to the List.

The second most significant limitation of the proposal relates to the constraints under which the DSL was compiled and the limitations of the information submitted at that time. Although the information provides a basis for at least crude relative ranking of potential for exposure for all substances on the DSL, the nature and specificity of the submitted data on use codes and quantity of use were limited. For the use codes, this includes their relevance as a basis for consideration of potential for exposure and the potential lack of consistency in their application. Major ingredients of products may also not have been identified.

The functional use and industrial sector codes were not designed with the intent of identifying the potential for exposure of the general population. For example, use codes such as number 25 (humectant/dewatering aid/dehumidifie r/dehydrating agent) are not specific in indicating use in consumer products or industrial use. Specificity of the information was also limited by a maximum number of use codes that could be submitted. Identification of substances that are major ingredients in products was also limited by the approach to compilation of the DSL.

Guidance provided on the interpretation and reporting of functional use or industrial sector codes in the compilation of the DSL was also limited, and there was considerable variation in reporting by different submitters. A significant fraction reported only one code for each substance (i.e., either a functional use or industrial sector code). Most reported two or three

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

13 codes distributed across functional use or industria l sector codes. For an individual substance, a variety of possible interpretations of use and, th erefore, combinations of codes was possible. This may have resulted in some substances being over- or underrepresented in particular use or industrial sector categories.

With respect to the information on quantity of use, there are two major limitations. The first relates to the process by which the DSL was compiled, and the second to the reporting of the quantity of use in order-of-magnitude ranges only. The process by which the DSL was compiled (see “Domestic Substances List” in Glossary) may have led to the underreporting of quantities for some substances. In the compilation of the core DSL
, major Canadian companies nominated substances likely produced and/or imported in the highest quantities. Substances nominated with quantities between 100 and 1000 kg/year required no further nomination from other companies. The impact of this potential underreporting on priority setting is expected to be minimal, as the substances produced and/or imported in highest quantities were likely to have been reported by the larger companies in compilation of the core DSL.
The reporting of quantities of use in the compilation of the DSL in order-of-magnitude ranges only limits accuracy of the information on quantity of use (Q) as a basis for prioritization. Due to lack of point estimates of quantity of use, Q for each substance is based on summation of the high end of the quantity range reported by each submitter. This introduces bias to overestimation, since actual quantity could be any value within the reported range. The recommendation of the ≥ 1 000 000 kg/year criterion for prioritization also biases to conservatism, leading to the prioritization of more substances for further work than adoption of a less conservative value of 10 000 000 kg/year to capture substances definitely in commerce in Canada in 1986 at a quantity of over 1 000 000 kg/year.

The lack of currency of the information submitted during compilation of the DSL, which was based on data for the period of 1984–1986, is also a potentially significant limitation of this proposal. However, based on consideration of readily available information for a limited number of substances, quantities and patterns of use have not changed dramatically.

Data included in Chemical Product Index (CPI) profiles obtained from Camford Information Services for a selected list of 110 substances, including organic and inorganic substances as well as polymers, were compared with information submitted in the compilation of the DSL (see supporting documentation by Doyle and Patterson). These profiles provide both current and past supply and data on demand for chemical substances in Canada and are compiled on a regular basis based on both published trade data and industry interviews. Conclusions based on the analysis, reported in more detail in the supporting documentation, are that for only 7 of the 110 substances were there increases or decreases in supply greater than a single order of magnitude over the reporting period. The reporting periods were from 1986 to the most recent year for which data was provided for a particular substance, ranging from 1989 to 1999. The quantities reported in 1986 in the compilation of the DSL are considered reasonable initial estimates of those currently, with accuracy within at least one order of magnitude. The numbers

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

14 of Section 71 reports for substances in the DSL Pilot Project (Government of Canada, 2001a), completed at the time of posting of this proposal, were inadequate as a basis for meaningful comparison with the information included on the DSL.

The proposal, which is based on specified criteria for prioritization for Q, S and U, some of which are arbitrary, incorporates some e xpert judgement and arbitrary weightings and generates a subset of the DSL on which to focus further attention. Merits of this proposal need to be judged against the alternative of systematic compilation of more recent information from industrial stakeholders on the current use of all Existing Substances in Canada. In view of the significant resources and workload required to undertake such an exercise, the approach proposed here is favoured. It permits focusing of attention for information gathering or submission on a reduced list of substances prioritized as having greater potential for exposure to humans.

4. Next Steps

Potential additionally more discriminating steps of priority setting in categorization, although not yet fully developed, are outlined brie fly below in order to provide contextual reference, to encourage voluntary submission of relevant information and to solicit input on the proposed path forward.

Substances prioritized for further consideration on the basis of this proposal that have been considered in PSL1 or PSL2, have been included in the pilot phase for screening assessments in the DSL program or are already on CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 are indicated in Appendix A. For ease of reference, those included on the U.S. EPA and ICCA HPV lists are also indicated. Projected timelines for completion of voluntary testing on the substances in these programs are relevant to scheduling, particularly for substances still considered as priorities for further work beyond the 2006 deadline for categorization.

In total, 49 substances on the initial list have previously been assessed and/or subject to risk management. Further evaluation of these substances is not being proposed at this time. Thirty (30) of the substances have been reviewed in the PSL evaluation programs (PSL1 and PSL2) under the original Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA 1988) or CEPA 1999, 27 substances are on Schedule 1 of CEPA 1999 and an additional 5 substances are on Schedule 3 of CEPA 1999. An additional 19 substances are already under evaluation within the DSL pilot phase of screening assessments.

In subsequent stages and prior to the 2006 deadline for categorization, identification of priorities for additional work will be further refined. This will include consideration of both toxicity (at least crudely) and refined measures of exposure to ensure that substances prioritized are those likely to pose the greatest risk. The initial measure of toxicity to human health being considered in this context is that being developed for the other stream of categorization of the DSL, where substances considered to be persistent or bioaccumulative and “inherently toxic” to

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

15 human health are being identified. Cruder indicators, such as the “threshold of toxicity,” are also being considered. In relation to additional refinement of exposure, crude quantitative estimates may be developed on the basis of generic scenarios for particular functional use and industrial sector codes for groups of substances with similar chemical structure and/or use.

Polymers could be further considered on the basis of criteria similar to those established in the New Substances Notification Regulati ons under CEPA 1999, which define those of low concern for human health (Government of Canada, 1994, 2001b). Other options also being considered include identifying all polymers on the DSL for which use in aerosols is likely. Both of these options require submission of additional information concerning the characteristics and use patterns of polymers, and a request for s ubmission of a proposal concerning an envisaged mechanism of coordination of submission of releva nt data has been sent to the CEPA Industry Coordinating Group.

UVCBs prioritized for further consideration on the basis of this proposal could be examined on a case-by-case basis. This examination, on the basis of expert judgement documented by a detailed and transparent rationale, would identify those that can be “set aside” from further consideration because of known low toxicity, those for which requests will be made to industrial stakeholders to provide additional information and those for which attempts will be made to identify additional relevant data on toxicity.

5. Invitation to Comment

Views and suggestions are invited on all aspects of the proposal. Specific aspects for which input would be helpful are outlined in the questions below. Written comments, which will be taken into consideration in revision of the proposal, should be submitted prior to March 31, 2004, as indicated above in section 1.

The following are some questions to guide commentary:

i) Is the proposed approach sufficiently transparent and discriminating with respect to how substances have been selected for further consideration in the first stage of priority setting?

ii) Does the proposed approach maximize the use of the available information for all substances on the DSL in identifying those with the greatest potential for exposure? If not, what other options should be considered?

iii) Can other information or data for all of the 22 264 substances on the DSL be identified that would be helpful in determining whether a substance should or should not be prioritized for further consideration on the basis of greatest potential for exposure?

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

16 iv) Are there reasons why any one of the three lines of evidence is inappropriate for use in the first stage of priority setting for greatest potential for exposure? Can you envisage other potential lines of evidence based on the limited information on each compound submitted in the compilation of the DSL?

v) Is equal weighting of the three lines of evidence, quantity (Q), number of submitters (S) and use (U), presented in this proposal appropriate, or can a preferred alternative be identified and justified?

vi) Do the proposed criteria for prioritization for each of the lines of evidence represent a reasonable compromise for establishing initial priorities for further consideration?

vii) Can you suggest specific approaches to additional priority setting for substances within the groups of organics, inorganics, polymer s and UVCBs for compounds prioritized in the first stage? Can you identify relevant sources of information or supply relevant data?

6. Background to CEPA 1999 Priority Setting for Health Risk Assessment for Existing Substances

The Canadian Environmental Protection Act , proclaimed in 1988 (CEPA 1988) and amended in 1999 (CEPA 1999), provides the primary authority and policy direction for the assessment and management of environmental contaminants in Canada. Among its many provisions, CEPA 1999 requires that the Ministers of Health and of the Environment take action with respect to the control or management of toxic substances that may already be present in the Canadian environment (i.e., Existing Substances). The Act provides the framework for the identification/prioritization of Existing Substances for risk assessment and the control or management of those considered to pose a risk to human health and/or the environment. This framework is broad, evidence-based, open and transparent and builds upon work done in other jurisdictions.

The mandate respecting Existing Substances has been vastly expanded under the renewed CEPA 1999 and specifies four ways in which Existing Substances may be identified for risk assessment (Figure 2):

• categorization of substances on the DSL;

• reviewing regulatory decisions of other jurisdictions;

• requests made directly to the Minister of the Environment; and

• advice provided to the Ministers of Health and of the Environment by expert panels.

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

17 Figure 2: The Existing Substances Program under CEPA 1999



### In addition to the continuing requirement to establish and assess lists of Priority Substances, CEPA 1999 requires that the Ministers of Health and Environment complete “categorization” of all of the 22 264 substances on the DSL by September 2006, with subsequent screening and full assessment, where warranted. Canada is the first country to introduce this legislative requirement for a systematic and iterative approach to priority setting for risk management for all Existing Substances, although legislative proposals whose intent is similar have been developed in at least one additional jurisdiction (European Commission, 2003).

This requirement has been prompted in part by the earlier introduction of consideration of all New Chemicals (those not used in Canada between 1984 and 1986) under CEPA 1988 and similar legislation in other countries. It also logically extends experience gained during the selection of the second PSL (n = 25), which was based in part on systematic priority setting for a much larger subset of some 600 Existing Substances (Koniecki et al., 1997).

Under CEPA 1999, all 22 264 substances on the DSL must be categorized by September 2006 (Figure 2) to identify those that:

• may present, to individuals in Canada, the greatest potential for exposure; or CATEGORIZATION of the Domestic Substances List (DSL) (First Phase) Decisions of Other Jurisdictions Public Nominations Ministerial Expert Panels

No further action under this
p ro g ram CEPANo further action under this
p ro g ram CEPAIN-DEPTH ASSESSMENT - Priorit y Substances List (Third Phase)

Risk Management Risk Management Greatest Potential

for Human Substances that are Persistent or Bioaccumulative

“Inherently Toxic”

to Humans “Inherently Toxic” to non-Human Organisms

SCREENING ASSESSMENT (Second Phase) STAGE 1

STAGE 2

STAGE N-1

STAGE N STAGE 3

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

18 • are persistent or bioaccumulative and inherently toxic to human beings or to non-human organisms.

Health Canada has responsibility for determining substances with the “greatest potential for exposure” and those that are “inherently toxic to human beings.” Environment Canada is responsible for determining which substances on the DSL are persistent and/or bioaccumulative and inherently toxic to non-human organisms.

To the extent possible, categorization will be based on available data; only in the subsequent screening and full assessment phases may testing be required under the legislation. This is primarily due to the large number of substances to be addressed and the relatively short mandated period for completion of the categorization phase.

The three iterative phases for priority setting for risk management of Existing Substances specified under CEPA 1999 (presented in Figure 2) are “categorization,” “screening assessment” and “full (Priority Substances) assessment,” representing increasing levels of complexity. As indicated in Figure 2, the objective for the latter two phases — namely, screening and full assessment — is to determine whether a substance is “ toxic ” under the Act, which sets the stage for adding the substance to Schedule 1 (the List of Toxic Substances) and for reviewing options for controlling risks to human health and/or to the environment.

As indicated in Figure 2, the second iterative phase of prioritization — namely, screening — will be conducted for substances that meet criteria for various aspects of categorization. All substances proposed for assessment will also be screened initially. The exact form and content of various types of screening assessments are still under development. As indicated in Figure 2, the principal objective of these screening assessments is to determine whether substances can be set aside (i.e., require no further action) or should be prioritized for full (i.e., Priority Substances) assessment or considered for risk management. In view of their limited objectives, therefore, decisions will be based principally on comparison of worst-case estimates of exposure and effect. If margins are wide, there would be no further action on the compound at this stage. If, however, margins are small, the substance would be nominated for inclusion on the PSL for preparation of a full assessment, based on more extensive analyses of available data. Recommendations based on the magnitude of the margins of exposure will take into full account confidence in the completeness of the identified databases on both exposure and effect, within a screening context. High-hazard substances may be considered “toxic” and prioritized for risk management.

CEPA 1999 does not impose a statutory deadline for completion of the screening assessments. There is a five-year mandated time frame for full (i.e., Priority Substances) assessments from the time of their addition to the PSL to completion.

CEPA 1999 incorporates several information-gathering provisions under which necessary information is and will be solicited from producers or importers to permit screening and full

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

19 assessments of Existing Substances. Data considered sufficient as a basis for assessment of hazard in a screening context for prioritized GPE organic substances will generally be similar to that included in the Organisation for Econom ic Co-operation and Development’s (OECD) Screening Information Datasets (SIDS) 3 

### and consistent with requirements for New Chemicals under CEPA. For full (Priority Substances) assessments, more extensive testing may be required. Also, options are currently being considered — for example, for substances not currently used in Canada, based on information submitted in response to Section 71 surveys in a pilot phase for screening.

The documented approach to full (i.e., Priority Substances) assessments and theirassociated reports are available at the Existing Substances Division website: <http://www.hcsc.gc.ca/hecs-sesc/exsd>.

While there are only three phases of priority setting and assessment referenced in CEPA 1999 (categorization, screening and Priority Substances), it is apparent that the systematic consideration of priorities for risk assessment and management for all Existing Substances in Canada will likely entail more iterative stages than these broadly defined phases. Each phase named within the legislation will likely entail one or more additional iterative stages of priority setting (Figure 2). These various stages are being developed simultaneously, with emphasis to date on the first stage of priority setting in categorization, various iterations of “screening” and, previously, Priority Substances.

For example, this proposal outlines the first stage for priority setting for GPE based on similar but limited information for all substances on the DSL. Priorities for further consideration will be additionally refined in subsequent stages prior to the mandatory deadline for categorization, likely based on consideration of both toxicity (at least crudely) and refined measures of exposure. This ensures that substances prioritized are those likely to pose the greatest risk. The number of iterative stages in categorization will be dictated in large part by the expediency with which additional relevant information can be secured.

Similarly, screening assessments will reflect various iterations of complexity, depending upon the nature of available data and the magnit ude of and confidence in the margins between worst-case estimates of exposure and effect.

3 The SIDS for mammalian toxicity includes acute toxicity and the combined repeated dose/reproductive toxicity screen and genetic toxicity (two endpoints, generally point mutations and chromosomal aberrations) (OECD, 2003).

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

20 7. Glossary

Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1988 (CEPA 1988) — This was an Act of Canada proclaimed in force on 30 June 1988. It was replaced by CEPA 1999. CEPA 1988 consolidated selected provisions and laws administered by Environment Canada. It replaced the Environmental Contaminants Act of 1975 and subsumed the Clean Air Act , the Ocean Dumping Act , the nutrient provisions of the Canada Water Act and certain provisions of the Department of the Environment Act

. Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA 1999) — CEPA 1999 is an Act of Canada respecting the protection of the environment and human life and health.

Categorization (Section 73) — Under Section 73 of CEPA 1999, th e Ministers of Health and of the Environment must categorize the substances on the DSL. The Minister of Health must categorize substances on the DSL to identify those that pose the greatest potential for exposure of the general population in Canada, as well as those persistent or bioaccumulative substances considered “inherently toxic” to humans. The Minister of the Environment must categorize substances on the DSL to identify those that are persistent or bioaccumulative and “inherently toxic” to non-human organisms. Screening assessments (see Screening (Section 74) ) will be conducted for substances meeting these criteria.

Core DSL — The core DSL is a preliminary version of the DSL published in August 1989, based on nominations received from the approximately 200 companies invited to report in Phase 1 reporting.

Domestic Substances List (DSL) — The DSL, which was published in 1994, is an inventory established primarily as a basis for distinguishing “existing” from “new” chemicals under CEPA 1988. It comprised originally of 22 264 substances that were, between January 1, 1984, and December 31, 1986, used for manufacturing purposes, manufactured in or imported into Canada in a quantity of 100 kg or more in any calendar year. Roughly half of the DSL is composed of organic substances and the remainder of inorganic substances, organometallic substances, polymers and UVCBs. The distribution of substances on the DSL is illustrated in Figure 3.

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

21 Figure 3: Types of substances on the DSL



### Reporting for the DSL was carried out in two stages (Environment Canada, 1988). In the first stage, approximately 200 companies were contacted and asked to report substances they manufactured and/or imported in quantities great er than 100 kg/year during the reporting period. Their responses were used to compile a core DSL. In the second stage, manufacturers and importers that did not report in the first stage were asked to review the core list and report any substances that were not included on the list but were manufactured or imported during the reporting period; they were also required to report on any substances that were on the list and were manufactured or imported in quantities greater than 1000 kg/year. The results of the second stage were used to compile a provisional DSL, which, after review and corrections, became the current DSL.

Existing Substances — Existing Substances are those that appear on the DSL under CEPA 1988 published on May 4, 1994; see also New Chemicals

.

Functional Use Codes — See Use codes

. Greatest potential for exposure (GPE) — Categorization for GPE is based on the interpretation that the intent of the legislation was to prioritize for subsequent phases of assessment those substances on the DSL that are used in Canada at the highest quantities and for which uses are dispersive in the environment or which come into direct contact with the general population, thereby leading to the greatest potential for exposure. 50%

10% 2% 18% 20%

Organics Inorganics
Other Polymers
UVCBs

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

22 ICCA HPV 2003 Working List — ICCA has launched a global initiative on HPV chemicals. To qualify, the chemicals need to be considered HPV or otherwise of interest in two or more regions, although chemicals of interest in only one region are also sponsored if, for example, they are identified as priority chemicals by national and/or regional authorities and are HPV chemicals in at least one region; they are chemicals for which assessments in other programs had been started but were delayed at early stages; or they fit into a category of chemicals that can be assessed together. The latest ICCA list (August 2003) contains 1325 chemicals, and the 2002 ICCA list contained 1511; 1242 substances appeared on both lists. The latest list is available from <http://www.cefic.be/activities/hse/mgt/hpv/HPVlist2000.pdf> or <http://www.cefic.org/activities/hse/mgt/hpv/hpvinit.htm>.

Industrial sector codes — See Use codes

. Inorganic — Inorganic substances include inorganic salts, metallic moieties of organic-metal salts and all well-defined substances that do not contain carbon, except certain simple compounds such as carbon monoxide.

New Chemicals — The DSL is the sole basis for determining whether a substance is new for the purposes of CEPA 1999. Substances on the DSL are considered to exist in Canadian commerce and do not require notification unless they are proposed for a Significant New Activity (SNAc), as indicated on the DSL. Substances not on the DSL are considered to be new to Canada and are subject to notification. The DSL includes the list published on May 4, 1994, in Part II of the Canada Gazette and all additions or deletions subsequently published in the Canada Gazette. Substances may be included on the DSL based on either of the following:

• commercial use in Canada between January 1, 1984, and December 31, 1986 (Subsection 66(1) of CEPA 1999); or

• the government has received all the prescribed information under Section 81 of CEPA 1999, and an assessment by the departments has determined that no controls should be imposed and that the import or manufacture has commenced after the most comprehensive notification package was assessed or exceeded the prescribed volumes (Section 87 of CEPA 1999).

Number of submitters (S) — For the purposes of this proposal, all 22 264 substances on DSL were ranked in descending order on the basis of their number of submitters (number ranged from 102 to 1).

Organic — Organic substances are well-defined carbon-containing compounds that can be defined or represented by a structure and molecular formula and organic moieties of salts.

Organic-metal salts — Organic-metal salts contain a metallic moiety and an organic moiety generally linked by an ionic single bond. Compare with organometallics

.

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

23 Organometallics — Organometallics are compounds that contain a metal covalently bonded to a carbon, as well as, for the purposes of categorization, all compounds where the metal has multiple bonds with oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur. Compare with organic-metal salts

. Polymers — Polymers are substances that consist of:

• molecules characterized by the sequence of one or more types of monomer units;

• simple weight majority of molecules containing three or more monomer units that are covalently bound to one or more other monomer units or reactants;

• less than a simple weight majority of molecules of the same molecular weight; or

• molecules distributed over a range of molecular weights where the differences in the molecular weights are primarily attributable to differences in the number of units.

Priority Substances (Section 76) — Priority Substances are designated Existing Substances for which the Ministers of Environment and Health must conduct an assessment and publish a report to ascertain whether they are “toxic” within five years of addition to the PSL. Since 1988, for Existing Substances under CEPA, the Ministers of Health and Environment have assessed 69 substances (including a number of complex mixtures) on the first and second PSLs, deemed to be of highest priority with respect to health or to the environment. If, on the basis of a screeninglevel assessment, it is determined that a more detailed in-depth analysis of the risks to human health (or the environment) is warranted, a substance may be added to the PSL for a more rigorous and comprehensive assessment to determine whether the substance is or is capable of becoming “CEPA-toxic.” The Act mandates that PSL assessments must be completed within five years from the date on which the substance is added to the PSL.

Quantity (Q) — For the purposes of this proposal, annual quantities of use were reported for each substance by each submitter in codes representing order-of-magnitude ranges (Appendix B). The high end of the quantity of use range for each substance reported by each submitter was summed for all submitters, resulting in total quantities of use for each substance ranging from 0 to greater than 10 9 

### kg/year (10 6 

### tonnes/year). All 22 264 substances on the DSL were then ranked in descending order on this basis.

Schedule 1 — Substances that are declared “toxic” under CEPA 1999 are placed on Schedule 1 (List of Toxic Substances) of the Act. They are then considered for risk management measures, such as regulations, guidelines or codes of practice to control any aspect of their life cycle, from the research and development stage through manufacture, use, storage, transport and ultimate disposal.

Schedule 3 — Schedule 3 of CEPA 1999 is the Export Control List. Sections 100–103 provide authority to control the export of substances regulated under CEPA 1999 or another Act of Parliament. Substances fall into three categories: 1. prohibited substances; 2. substances whose export is subject to an international agreement that requires the notification or consent of the receiving country; and

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

24 3. restricted substances.

Screening (Section 74) — Under Section 74 of CEPA 1999, the Ministers of Health and of the Environment must conduct screening assessments on each of the substances identified from the categorization of substances on the DSL. Screening assessments of risk will also be conducted on candidate substances from all streams, including those meeting criteria outlined under Section 75 of CEPA 1999. Screening assessments set the stage for further in-depth assessment or risk management. They will involve a comparison of exposure and effect in a priority-setting context. The outcome of screening assessments is discussed in Section 77 of CEPA 1999.

Section 75 — CEPA 1999 requires both Ministers to revi ew the decisions of other jurisdictions to prohibit or substantially restrict a substance for environmental or health reasons and determine whether the substance is or is capable of becoming “CEPA-toxic.”

Section 77 — Under Section 77 of CEPA 1999, the outcome of a screening assessment may be1) to take no further action on the substance, 2) to add the substance to the PSL for a more indepth assessment or 3) to recommend that the substance be added to the List of Toxic Substances. Under Section 77, the proposed result of a screening assessment and a summary of the scientific considerations upon which the proposal is based must be published for public
comment.

Submitters — Submitters are all Canadian manufacturers, importers and/or users who nominated and provided information on substances for listing on the DSL.

Substance — Under CEPA 1999, “substance” means any distinguishable kind of organic or inorganic matter, whether animate or inanimate, and includes:

• any mixture that is a combination of substances; and

• any complex mixtures of different molecules th at are contained in effluents, emissions or wastes that result from any work, undertaking or activity. This definition of a substance therefore encompasses discrete chemical compounds, classes of chemicals, emissions and effluents and produc ts of biotechnology, including microorganisms.

Toxic — According to the CEPA 1999 legislation for human health, a substance is toxic if it is entering or may enter the environment in a quantity or concentration or under conditions constituting or that may constitute a danger in Canada to human life or health. This legal definition of “toxic” under CEPA 1999 may be equated with risk, since it embodies the concept that harm to human health is a function of both the intrinsic toxicity (i.e., toxicity in the traditional sense) and the extent of exposure.

Use (U) — For the purposes of this proposal, all 22 264 substances on the DSL were ranked in descending order on the basis of their sums of normalized indices of expert-ranked functional use and industrial sector codes for each substance. Development of the parameter related to use (U) relied principally on expert judgement. Indivi dually, 33 experts were asked to rank each of

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

25 the functional use and industrial sector codes as having “high,” “medium” or “low” potential for exposure. An expert-ranked index was subsequently developed for each of the functional use and industrial sector codes through summation of the number of experts reporting each of “low,” “medium” and “high” potential for exposure multiplied by scaling factors of 1 for “low,” 10 for “medium” and 100 for “high.” This index was then normalized to a scale between 1 and 100 by dividing by the number of participants. The order-of-magnitude scaling factors, although principally arbitrary, were chosen to increase the spread of values for the indices of use and to bias the weighting to those uses considered by experts to have the greatest potential for exposure. The manner in which the use codes were ranked on the basis of the output of the two workshops of experts is presented in Appendix C.

Use codes — “Functional use” and “industrial sector” codes were established by Environment Canada to provide information on type of us e and industrial sector usage for particular substances as part of the compilation of the DSL (Environment Canada, 1988). Individual submitters were required to use these codes in their submissions. Ninety-nine codes were established for DSL reporting, with three types of code: special use codes (codes 00 and 01), functional use codes (codes 02 to 51) and industrial sector codes (codes 52 to 98). A list of the functional use and industrial sector codes is included in Appendix B.

U.S. EPA HPV Challenge Program List — The U.S. HPV chemicals are those that are manufactured in or imported into the United States in amounts equal to or greater than one million pounds per year. The U.S. EPA HPV Challenge Program List consists of all the HPV chemicals (approximately 2780) reported during the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) 1990 Inventory Update Rule (IUR) reporting year and is available from <http://www.epa.gov/chemrtk/volchall.htm>. Inorganic substances and polymers, except in special circumstances, were not subject to the IUR reporting requirements.

UVCBs — Substances of Unknown or Variable composition, Complex reaction products and Biological materials are substances that cannot be represented by a complete structure diagram and specific molecular formula and include materials derived from natural sources and complex reactions that cannot be characterized in terms of constituent chemical compounds because their composition is too complex or variable.

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

26 8. References

Environment Canada. 1988. Reporting for the Domestic Substances List. Ministry of Supply and Services Canada (DSS Catalogue No. En40-364/1988).

European Commission. 2003. The New Chemicals Legislation – REACH . May 7, 2003. Available from the European Commission web site: <http://europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/chemicals/chempol/whitepaper/reach.htm>.

Government of Canada. 1994. New Substances Notification Regulations. SOR/94-260. Textavailable from the Department of Justice web site: <http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/C-15.31/SOR94-260/index.html>.

Government of Canada. 1999. Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 . Canada Gazette Part III, November 4, 1999, 22(3).

Government of Canada. 2001a. Notice with Respect to Certain Substances on the Domestic Substances List (DSL) . Canada Gazette Part I, November 17, 2001, 135(46): 4194–4210.

Government of Canada. 2001b. Guidelines for the Notification and Testing of New Substances: Chemicals and Polymers. Pursuant to The New Substances Notification Regulations of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 . August 2001. Available from the Environment Canada New Substances Program web site: <http://www.ec.gc.ca/substances/nsb/eng/gui_e.htm>.

Koniecki D, Newhook R, Long G, Conilh de Beyssac B, and Socha A. 1997. Screening candidate substances for the second Priority Substances List under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act

. Environmental Carcinogenesis & Ecotoxicology Reviews , C15(1): 41–59.

OECD. 2003. Manual for the Investigation of HPV Chemicals . OECD Secretariat. April 2003. Available from the OECD web site: <http://www.oecd.org/document/7/0,2340,en_2649_34379_1947463_1_1_1_1,00.html>.

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

27 Appendix A: Substances Initially Prioritized by the Proposed Approach

CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

INORGANICS 124-38-9 Carbon dioxide Carbon Yes 143-33-9 Sodium cyanide (NaCN) Cyanides Yes 144-55-8 Carbonic acid, monosodium salt Carbonates Yes

298-14-6 Carbonic acid, monopotassium salt Carbonates Yes

409-21-2 Silicon carbide (SiC) Silicon 471-34-1 Carbonic acid, calcium salt (1:1) Carbonates

497-19-8 Carbonic acid, disodium salt Carbonates Yes 513-77-9 Carbonic acid, barium salt (1:1) Barium Yes

533-96-0 Carbonic acid, sodium salt (2:3) Carbonates

546-93-0 Carbonic acid, magnesium salt (1:1) Carbonates Yes

630-08-0 Carbon monoxide Carbon Yes Yes 1066-33-7 Carbonic acid, monoammonium salt Carbonates Yes

1302-42-7 Aluminate (AlO 2 - ), sodium Aluminum Yes 1302-76-7 Kyanite (Al 2 O(SiO 4 )) Aluminum 1303-96-4 Borax (B 4 Na 2 O 7 ·10H 2 O) Boron 1305-62-0 Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 ) Hydroxides/ oxides Yes

1305-78-8 Calcium oxide (CaO) Hydroxides/ oxides Yes

1308-38-9 Chromium oxide (Cr 2 O 3 ) Chromium Yes 1309-37-1 Iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) Iron Yes 1309-38-2 Magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) Iron Yes 1309-42-8 Magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH) 2 ) Hydroxides/ oxides Yes

1309-48-4 Magnesium oxide (MgO) Hydroxides/ oxides Yes

1309-60-0 Lead oxide (PbO 2 ) Lead 1309-64-4 Antimony oxide (Sb 2 O 3 ) Antimony 1310-58-3 Potassium hydroxide (KOH) Hydroxides/ oxides Yes

1310-73-2 Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) Hydroxides/ oxides Yes

1313-13-9 Manganese oxide (MnO 2 ) Manganese

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

28 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

1313-82-2 Sodium sulfide (Na 2 S) Sulfur compounds Yes 1313-99-1 Nickel oxide (NiO) Nickel Yes Yes 1314-13-2 Zinc oxide (ZnO) Zinc 1314-23-4 Zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) Zirconium 1314-41-6 Lead oxide (Pb 3 O 4 ) Lead Yes 1314-56-3 Phosphorus oxide (P 2 O 5 ) Phosphorus Yes 1314-62-1 Vanadium oxide (V 2 O 5 ) Vanadium 1317-36-8 Lead oxide (PbO) Lead Yes 1317-38-0 Copper oxide (CuO) Copper Yes 1317-39-1 Copper oxide (Cu 2 O) Copper Yes 1317-61-9 Iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) Iron Yes 1317-80-2 Rutile (TiO 2 ) Titanium 1330-43-4 Boron sodium oxide (B 4 Na 2 O 7 ) Boron

1333-74-0 Hydrogen Miscellaneous Yes 1333-82-0 Chromium oxide (CrO 3 ) Chromium Yes 1336-21-6 Ammonium hydroxide (NH 4 OH) Hydroxides/ oxides Yes

1341-49-7 Ammonium fluoride (NH 4 (HF 2 )) Fluoro compounds Yes Yes

1344-28-1 Aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) Aluminum Yes 1344-43-0 Manganese oxide (MnO) Manganese 5329-14-6 Sulfamic acid Sulfur compounds Yes 6484-52-2 Nitric acid, ammonium salt Nitrates/ nitrites Yes

6834-92-0 Silicic acid (H 2 SiO 3 ), disodium salt Silicon Yes

7320-34-5 Diphosphoric acid, tetrapotassium salt Phosphorus

7429-90-5 Aluminum Aluminum 7439-89-6 Iron Iron 7439-92-1 Lead Lead 7439-96-5 Manganese Manganese 7440-02-0 Nickel Nickel Yes 7440-21-3 Silicon Silicon 7440-22-4 Silver Silver 7440-31-5 Tin Tin 7440-44-0 Carbon Carbon Yes 7440-47-3 Chromium Chromium 7440-48-4 Cobalt Cobalt 7440-50-8 Copper Copper 7440-66-6 Zinc Zinc 7446-09-5 Sulfur dioxide Sulfur compounds Yes 7446-70-0 Aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) Aluminum Yes Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

29 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

7447-40-7 Potassium chloride (KCl) Chlorine compounds Yes

7487-88-9 Sulfuric acid, magnesium salt (1:1) Sulfur compounds

7553-56-2 Iodine Iodine compounds 7558-79-4 Phosphoric acid, disodium salt Phosphorus

7558-80-7 Phosphoric acid, monosodium salt Phosphorus

7601-54-9 Phosphoric acid, trisodium salt Phosphorus

7631-86-9 Silica Silicon Yes 7631-90-5 Sulfurous acid, monosodium salt Sulfur compounds Yes

7631-99-4 Nitric acid, sodium salt Nitrates/ nitrites Yes

7632-00-0 Nitrous acid, sodium salt Nitrates/ nitrites Yes

7632-04-4 Perboric acid (HBO(O 2 )), sodium salt Boron

7646-85-7 Zinc chloride (ZnCl 2 ) Zinc 7647-01-0 Hydrochloric acid Chlorine compounds Yes HC

7647-14-5 Sodium chloride (NaCl) Chlorine compounds 7664-38-2 Phosphoric acid Phosphorus 7664-39-3 Hydrofluoric acid Fluoro compounds Yes

7664-41-7 Ammonia Basic compounds Yes Yes 7664-93-9 Sulfuric acid Sulfur compounds Yes HC 7681-11-0 Potassium iodide (KI) Iodine compounds 7681-38-1 Sulfuric acid, monosodium salt Sulfur compounds Yes

7681-49-4 Sodium fluoride (NaF) Fluoro compounds Yes Yes

7681-52-9 Hypochlorous acid, sodium salt Chlorine compounds Yes

7681-57-4 Disulfurous acid, disodium salt Sulfur compounds Yes

7697-37-2 Nitric acid Nitrates/ nitrites Yes

7704-34-9 Sulfur Sulfur compounds Yes 7705-08-0 Iron chloride (FeCl 3 ) Iron Yes 7720-78-7 Sulfuric acid, iron(2+) salt (1:1) Iron Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

30 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

7722-76-1 Phosphoric acid, monoammonium salt Phosphorus

7722-84-1 Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) Peroxo compounds 7722-88-5 Diphosphoric acid, tetrasodium salt Phosphorus

7727-37-9 Nitrogen Miscellaneous 7727-43-7 Sulfuric acid, barium salt (1:1) Barium Yes

7732-18-5 Water Miscellaneous 7733-02-0 Sulfuric acid, zinc salt (1:1) Zinc 7738-94-5 Chromic acid (H 2 CrO 4 ) Chromium(VI) Yes 7757-79-1 Nitric acid, potassium salt Nitrates/ nitrites Yes

7757-82-6 Sulfuric acid, disodium salt Sulfur compounds Yes 7757-83-7 Sulfurous acid, disodium salt Sulfur compounds Yes 7757-93-9 Phosphoric acid, calcium salt (1:1) Phosphorus

7758-11-4 Phosphoric acid, dipotassium salt Phosphorus

7758-16-9 Diphosphoric acid, disodium salt Phosphorus

7758-23-8 Phosphoric acid, calcium salt (2:1) Phosphorus Yes

7758-29-4 Triphosphoric acid, pentasodium salt Phosphorus

7758-87-4 Phosphoric acid, calcium salt (2:3) Phosphorus

7758-97-6 Chromic acid (H 2 CrO 4 ), lead(2+) salt (1:1) Chromium(VI) Yes Yes

7758-98-7 Sulfuric acid, copper(2+) salt (1:1) Copper Yes

7775-09-9 Chloric acid, sodium salt Chlorine compounds Yes

7775-14-6 Dithionous acid, disodium salt Sulfur compounds Yes

7778-18-9 Sulfuric acid, calcium salt (1:1) Sulfur compounds Yes

7778-54-3 Hypochlorous acid, calcium salt Chlorine compounds Yes

7778-80-5 Sulfuric acid, dipotassium salt Sulfur compounds Yes

7782-42-5 Graphite Carbon 7782-50-5 Chlorine Chlorine compounds Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

31 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

7783-20-2 Sulfuric acid, diammonium salt Sulfur compounds Yes

7783-28-0 Phosphoric acid, diammonium salt Phosphorus

7785-88-8 Phosphoric acid, aluminum sodium salt Phosphorus

7786-30-3 Magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ) Chlorine compounds 7786-81-4 Sulfuric acid, nickel(2+) salt (1:1) Nickel

10028-22-5 Sulfuric acid, iron(3+) salt (3:2) Iron Yes

10043-01-3 Sulfuric acid, aluminum salt (3:2) Aluminum Yes Yes

10043-35-3 Boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) Boron 10043-52-4 Calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) Chlorine compounds Yes

10049-04-4 Chlorine oxide (ClO 2 ) Chlorine compounds HC

10101-39-0 Silicic acid (H 2 SiO 3 ), calcium salt (1:1) Silicon Yes

10101-52-7 Silicic acid (H 4 SiO 4 ), zirconium(4+) salt (1:1) Silicon

10124-37-5 Nitric acid, calcium salt Nitrates/ nitrites 10124-43-3 Sulfuric acid, cobalt(2+) salt (1:1) Cobalt Yes

10192-30-0 Sulfurous acid, monoammonium salt Sulfur compounds

10361-37-2 Barium chloride (BaCl 2 ) Barium 10588-01-9 Chromic acid (H 2 Cr 2 O 7 ), disodium salt Chromium(VI) Yes

12125-02-9 Ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl) Chlorine compounds Yes

12136-45-7 Potassium oxide (K 2 O) Hydroxides/ oxides
12202-17-4 Lead oxide sulfate (Pb 4 O 3 (SO 4 )) Lead Yes

13463-67-7 Titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) Titanium 13530-65-9 Chromic acid (H 2 CrO 4 ), zinc salt (1:1) Chromium(VI) Yes

13601-19-9 Ferrate(4-), hexakis(cyanoC)-, tetrasodium, (OC-6-11)- Ferrocyanides

14464-46-1 Cristobalite (SiO 2 ) Silicon 14807-96-6 Talc (Mg 3 H 2 (SiO 3 ) 4 ) Silicon

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

32 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

14808-60-7 Quartz (SiO 2 ) Silicon 16721-80-5 Sodium sulfide (NaSH) Sulfur compounds Yes 16893-85-9 Silicate(2-), hexafluoro-, disodium Silicon Yes

17194-00-2 Barium hydroxide (Ba(OH) 2 ) Barium

21645-51-2 Aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH) 3 ) Aluminum Yes

60676-86-0 Silica, vitreous Silicon ORGANICS 50-00-0 Formaldehyde Aldehydes Yes Yes Yes 50-21-5 Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy- Acids Yes 50-70-4 D-Glucitol Carbohydrates & derivatives Yes

50-81-7 L-Ascorbic acid Lactones Yes 50-99-7 D-Glucose Carbohydrates & derivatives Yes

56-23-5 Methane, tetrachloro- Halogenated, aliphatic Yes Yes Yes

56-81-5 1,2,3-Propanetriol Alcohols Yes Yes 56-87-1 L-Lysine Amino acids & derivatives 57-10-3 Hexadecanoic acid Acids Yes Yes 57-11-4 Octadecanoic acid Acids Yes Yes 57-13-6 Urea Ureas Yes 57-50-1 α -D-Glucopyranoside, β -Dfructofuranosyl Carbohydrates & derivatives Yes

57-55-6 1,2-Propanediol Alcohols Yes Yes 59-51-8 DL-Methionine Amino acids & derivatives 60-00-4 Glycine, N,N'-1,2- ethanediylbis[N- (carboxymethyl)]- Amines, aliphatic Yes

60-24-2 Ethanol, 2-mercapto- Thiols Yes Yes 60-29-7 Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis- Ethers Yes Yes 60-33-3 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, (Z,Z)- Acids Yes Yes

62-56-6 Thiourea Ureas Yes Yes 63-42-3 D-Glucose, 4-O- β -DgalactopyranosylCarbohydrates & derivatives 64-02-8 Glycine, N,N'-1,2- ethanediylbis[N- (carboxymethyl)]-, tetrasodium salt Amines, aliphatic Yes

64-17-5 Ethanol Alcohols Yes Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

33 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

64-18-6 Formic acid Acids Yes Yes 64-19-7 Acetic acid Acids Yes Yes 65-85-0 Benzoic acid Acids Yes Yes 67-56-1 Methanol Alcohols Yes Yes HC 67-63-0 2-Propanol Alcohols Yes HC 67-64-1 2-Propanone Ketones Yes HC 67-66-3 Methane, trichloro- Halogenated, aliphatic Yes Yes

68-04-2 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, trisodium salt Acid salts Yes Yes

68-12-2 Formamide, N,N-dimethyl- Amides Yes Yes Yes 69-65-8 D-Mannitol Carbohydrates & derivatives Yes

69-72-7 Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy- Phenols Yes Yes 71-23-8 1-Propanol Alcohols Yes 71-36-3 1-Butanol Alcohols Yes Yes HC 71-41-0 1-Pentanol Alcohols Yes Yes 71-43-2 Benzene Hydrocarbons, aromatic Yes Yes Yes

71-55-6 Ethane, 1,1,1-trichloro- Halogenated, aliphatic Yes Yes Yes Yes

74-82-8 Methane Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes Yes

74-84-0 Ethane Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes Yes

74-87-3 Methane, chloro- Halogenated, aliphatic Yes Yes

74-98-6 Propane Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes Yes

75-05-8 Acetonitrile Nitriles Yes 75-07-0 Acetaldehyde Aldehydes Yes Yes Yes Yes 75-08-1 Ethanethiol Thiols Yes Yes 75-09-2 Methane, dichloro- Halogenated, aliphatic Yes Yes Yes Yes

75-21-8 Oxirane Epoxides Yes Yes Yes 75-28-5 Propane, 2-methyl- Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes Yes

75-56-9 Oxirane, methyl- Epoxides Yes 75-66-1 2-Propanethiol, 2-methyl- Thiols Yes Yes 75-69-4 Methane, trichlorofluoro- Halogenated, aliphatic Yes Yes

75-71-8 Methane, dichlorodifluoro- Halogenated, aliphatic Yes Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

34 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

76-13-1 Ethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroHalogenated, aliphatic Yes Yes

77-73-6 4,7-Methano-1H-indene,3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydroHydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes

77-92-9 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylicacid, 2-hydroxyAcids Yes Yes

77-99-6 1,3-Propanediol, 2-ethyl-2- (hydroxymethyl)- Alcohols Yes

78-51-3 Ethanol, 2-butoxy-, phosphate (3:1) Phosphorus(V) Yes Yes

78-59-1 2-Cyclohexen-1-one, 3,5,5-trimethylKetones Yes Yes

78-78-4 Butane, 2-methyl- Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes Yes

78-79-5 1,3-Butadiene, 2-methyl- Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes Yes

78-83-1 1-Propanol, 2-methyl- Alcohols Yes Yes 78-93-3 2-Butanone Ketones Yes HC 79-01-6 Ethene, trichloro- Halogenated, aliphatic Yes Yes Yes

79-06-1 2-Propenamide Acrylamides Yes 79-09-4 Propanoic acid Acids Yes Yes 79-10-7 2-Propenoic acid Acrylates Yes 79-14-1 Acetic acid, hydroxy- Acids Yes Yes 79-41-4 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl- Methacrylates Yes 80-05-7 Phenol, 4,4'-(1-methylethylidene)bisPhenols Yes

80-15-9 Hydroperoxide, 1-methyl-1- phenylethyl Peroxo compounds Yes Yes

80-43-3 Peroxide, bis(1-methyl-1- phenylethyl) Peroxo compounds Yes Yes

80-62-6 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, methyl ester Methacrylates Yes Yes

84-74-2 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dibutyl ester Phthalates Yes Yes

85-44-9 1,3-Isobenzofurandione Phthalates Yes Yes 85-68-7 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, butyl phenylmethyl
ester Phthalates Yes Yes

87-90-1 1,3,5-Triazine2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione,1,3,5-trichloroTriazines Yes Yes

90-30-2 1-Naphthalenamine, NphenylAmines, aromatic Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

35 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

91-20-3 Naphthalene Hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic Yes Yes HC

91-44-1 2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one, 7-(diethylamino)-4-methylLactones

93-58-3 Benzoic acid, methyl ester Esters, aromatic Yes 94-91-7 Phenol, 2,2'-[(1-methyl-1,2- ethanediyl)bis-(nitrilomethylidyne)]bisPhenols

95-47-6 Benzene, 1,2-dimethyl- Hydrocarbons, aromatic Yes Yes

96-29-7 2-Butanone, oxime Ketoximes Yes Yes 97-53-0 Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2- propenyl)- Phenols

97-88-1 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, butyl ester Methacrylates Yes Yes

98-00-0 2-Furanmethanol Ethers, aromatic Yes Yes 98-01-1 2-Furancarboxaldehyde Ethers, aromatic Yes 98-82-8 Benzene, (1-methylethyl)- Hydrocarbons, aromatic Yes

98-92-0 3-Pyridinecarboxamide N-Heterocycles Yes Yes 100-37-8 Ethanol, 2-(diethylamino)- Alcohols Yes Yes 100-41-4 Benzene, ethyl- Hydrocarbons, aromatic Yes HC

100-42-5 Benzene, ethenyl- Hydrocarbons, aromatic Yes Yes

100-44-7 Benzene, (chloromethyl)- Halogenated, aliphatic Yes

100-51-6 Benzenemethanol Alcohols Yes Yes 100-52-7 Benzaldehyde Aldehydes Yes100-97-0 1,3,5,7-Tetraazatricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane Triazines Yes

101-68-8 Benzene, 1,1'-methylenebis[4-isocyanatoIsocyanates Yes

101-81-5 Benzene, 1,1'-methylenebis- Hydrocarbons, aromatic Yes

101-96-2 1,4-Benzenediamine, N,N'- bis(1-methylpropyl)- Amines, aromatic Yes

102-71-6 Ethanol, 2,2',2"-nitrilotris- Alcohols Yes 102-76-1 1,2,3-Propanetriol, triacetate Esters Yes Yes 103-11-7 2-Propenoic acid, 2- ethylhexyl ester Acrylates Yes

103-23-1 Hexanedioic acid, bis(2- ethylhexyl) ester Esters Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

36 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

103-24-2 Nonanedioic acid, bis(2- ethylhexyl) ester Esters Yes

104-15-4 Benzenesulfonic acid, 4-methylBenzenesulfonates Yes Yes

104-76-7 1-Hexanol, 2-ethyl- Alcohols Yes 105-59-9 Ethanol, 2,2'-(methylimino)bisAlcohols Yes Yes

105-60-2 2H-Azepin-2-one,hexahydroN-Heterocycles Yes Yes

106-89-8 Oxirane, chloromethyl- Epoxides Yes Yes 106-97-8 Butane Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes Yes

106-99-0 1,3-Butadiene Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes Yes Yes

107-06-2 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Halogenated, aliphatic Yes Yes Yes Yes

107-13-1 2-Propenenitrile Nitriles Yes Yes Yes 107-15-3 1,2-Ethanediamine Amines, aliphatic Yes Yes 107-21-1 1,2-Ethanediol Alcohols Yes Yes Yes 107-41-5 2,4-Pentanediol, 2-methyl- Alcohols Yes Yes 107-83-5 Pentane, 2-methyl- Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes Yes

107-87-9 2-Pentanone Ketones Yes 107-92-6 Butanoic acid Acids Yes Yes 107-98-2 2-Propanol, 1-methoxy- Glycol ethers Yes Yes 108-05-4 Acetic acid, ethenyl ester Esters Yes 108-10-1 2-Pentanone, 4-methyl- Ketones Yes HC 108-11-2 2-Pentanol, 4-methyl- Alcohols Yes Yes 108-21-4 Acetic acid, 1-methylethyl
ester Esters Yes Yes

108-24-7 Acetic acid, anhydride Acid anhydrides Yes 108-31-6 2,5-Furandione Acid anhydrides Yes Yes 108-38-3 Benzene, 1,3-dimethyl- Hydrocarbons, aromatic Yes Yes

108-46-3 1,3-Benzenediol Phenols Yes Yes 108-65-6 2-Propanol, 1-methoxy-,
acetate Glycol ethers Yes Yes

108-78-1 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamin e Triazines Yes 108-83-8 4-Heptanone, 2,6-dimethyl- Ketones Yes 108-88-3 Benzene, methyl- Hydrocarbons, aromatic Yes Yes

108-91-8 Cyclohexanamine Amines, aliphatic Yes Yes 108-93-0 Cyclohexanol Alcohols Yes Yes 108-94-1 Cyclohexanone Ketones Yes 108-95-2 Phenol Phenols Yes Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

37 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

109-60-4 Acetic acid, propyl ester Esters Yes Yes 109-66-0 Pentane Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes

109-86-4 Ethanol, 2-methoxy- Glycol ethers Yes Yes Yes 109-94-4 Formic acid, ethyl ester Esters 109-99-9 Furan, tetrahydro- Ethers Yes 110-12-3 2-Hexanone, 5-methyl- Ketones Yes Yes 110-15-6 Butanedioic acid Acids Yes Yes 110-17-8 2-Butenedioic acid (E)- Acids Yes Yes 110-19-0 Acetic acid, 2-methylpropyl
ester Esters Yes Yes

110-30-5 Octadecanamide, N,N'-1,2-ethanediylbisAmides Yes Yes

110-43-0 2-Heptanone Ketones Yes 110-54-3 Hexane Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes Yes

110-80-5 Ethanol, 2-ethoxy- Glycol ethers Yes Yes 110-82-7 Cyclohexane Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes HC

110-91-8 Morpholine N,O-Heterocycles Yes Yes 110-97-4 2-Propanol, 1,1'-iminobis- Alcohols Yes Yes 111-15-9 Ethanol, 2-ethoxy-, acetate Glyc ol ethers Yes 111-27-3 1-Hexanol Alcohols Yes Yes 111-40-0 1,2-Ethanediamine, N-(2- aminoethyl)- Amines, aliphatic Yes

111-42-2 Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis- Alcohols Yes HC 111-46-6 Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis- Glycol ethers Yes Yes HC 111-55-7 1,2-Ethanediol, diacetate Esters Yes 111-76-2 Ethanol, 2-butoxy- Glycol ethers Yes Yes 111-77-3 Ethanol, 2-(2- methoxyethoxy)- Glycol ethers Yes

111-82-0 Dodecanoic acid, methyl
ester Esters Yes Yes

111-87-5 1-Octanol Alcohols Yes Yes 111-90-0 Ethanol, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)- Glycol ethers Yes Yes 112-05-0 Nonanoic acid Acids Yes Yes 112-07-2 Ethanol, 2-butoxy-, acetate Glyc ol ethers Yes Yes 112-27-6 Ethanol, 2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bisGlycol ethers Yes Yes

112-30-1 1-Decanol Alcohols Yes Yes 112-31-2 Decanal Aldehydes 112-34-5 Ethanol, 2-(2- butoxyethoxy)- Glycol ethers Yes

112-38-9 10-Undecenoic acid Acids

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

38 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

112-53-8 1-Dodecanol Alcohols Yes 112-54-9 Dodecanal Aldehydes 112-60-7 Ethanol, 2,2'-[oxybis(2,1-ethanediyloxy)]bisGlycol ethers Yes Yes

112-69-6 1-Hexadecanamine, N,NdimethylAmines, aliphatic Yes Yes

112-72-1 1-Tetradecanol Alcohols Yes Yes 112-80-1 9-Octadecenoic acid, (Z)- Acids Yes Yes 112-84-5 13-Docosenamide, (Z)- Amides Yes Yes 112-90-3 9-Octadecen-1-amine, (Z)- Amines, aliphatic Yes Yes 112-92-5 1-Octadecanol Alcohols Yes 115-07-1 1-Propene Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes Yes HC

115-77-5 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2- bis(hydroxymethyl)- Alcohols Yes

117-81-7 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester Phthalates Yes Yes Yes

120-40-1 Dodecanamide, N,N-bis(2- hydroxyethyl)- Amides Yes

120-51-4 Benzoic acid, phenylmethyl
ester Esters Yes Yes

120-55-8 Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, dibenzoate Glycol ethers Yes

121-91-5 1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid Acids Yes Yes

122-39-4 Benzenamine, N-phenyl- Amines, aromatic Yes 122-78-1 Benzeneacetaldehyde Aldehydes 122-97-4 Benzenepropanol Alcohols 122-99-6 Ethanol, 2-phenoxy- Alcohols Yes Yes 123-31-9 1,4-Benzenediol Phenols Yes 123-42-2 2-Pentanone, 4-hydroxy-4-methylKetones Yes

123-77-3 Diazenedicarboxamide Amides Yes 123-86-4 Acetic acid, butyl ester Esters Yes Yes 123-91-1 1,4-Dioxane Ethers Yes 124-04-9 Hexanedioic acid Acids Yes Yes 124-07-2 Octanoic acid Acids Yes Yes 124-13-0 Octanal Aldehydes Yes 124-19-6 Nonanal Aldehydes Yes 124-30-1 1-Octadecanamine Amines, aliphatic Yes Yes 124-40-3 Methanamine, N-methyl- Amines, aliphatic Yes Yes 124-68-5 1-Propanol, 2-amino-2-methylAlcohols Yes Yes

126-30-7 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-dimethylAlcohols Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

39 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

126-86-3 5-Decyne-4,7-diol, 2,4,7,9-tetramethylAlcohols Yes

127-08-2 Acetic acid, potassium salt Acid salts Yes Yes 127-09-3 Acetic acid, sodium salt Acid salts Yes Yes 127-18-4 Ethene, tetrachloro- Halogenated, aliphatic Yes Yes Yes

128-37-0 Phenol, 2,6-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methylPhenols Yes Yes

128-39-2 Phenol, 2,6-bis(1,1- dimethylethyl)- Phenols Yes

136-51-6 Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl-, calcium salt Acid salts Yes Yes

136-60-7 Benzoic acid, butyl ester Esters 137-08-6 β -Alanine, N-(2,4- dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-1- oxobutyl)-, calcium salt (2:1), (R)- Amino acids & derivatives

137-16-6 Glycine, N-methyl-N-(1- oxododecyl)-, sodium salt Amino acids & derivatives Yes

139-05-9 Sulfamic acid, cyclohexyl-, monosodium salt Sulfur compounds

139-96-8 Sulfuric acid, monododecyl ester, compd

. with 2,2',2"- nitrilotris[ethanol] (1:1) Sulfur compounds Yes Yes

140-01-2 Glycine, N,N-bis[2- [bis(carboxymethyl)- amino]ethyl]-, pentasodium salt Amino acids & derivatives Yes Yes

140-88-5 2-Propenoic acid, ethyl ester Acrylates Yes Yes 141-22-0 9-Octadecenoic acid, 12- hydroxy-, [R-(Z)]- Acids

141-32-2 2-Propenoic acid, butyl ester Acrylates Yes Yes 141-43-5 Ethanol, 2-amino- Alcohols Yes Yes 141-53-7 Formic acid, sodium salt Acid salts Yes Yes 141-78-6 Acetic acid, ethyl ester Esters Yes Yes 141-79-7 3-Penten-2-one, 4-methyl- Ketones Yes 142-47-2 L-Glutamic acid, monosodium salt Amino acids & derivatives Yes Yes

142-78-9 Dodecanamide, N-(2- hydroxyethyl)- Amides Yes Yes

142-82-5 Heptane Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes Yes

143-07-7 Dodecanoic acid Acids Yes Yes 143-08-8 1-Nonanol Alcohols

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

40 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

143-19-1 9-Octadecenoic acid, (Z)-, sodium salt Acid salts

144-62-7 Ethanedioic acid Acids Yes Yes 149-30-4 2(3H)-Benzothiazolethione N,S-Heterocycles Yes Yes 149-57-5 Hexanoic acid, 2-ethyl- Acids Yes 151-21-3 Sulfuric acid, monododecyl ester, sodium salt Sulfur compounds Yes

301-02-0 9-Octadecenamide, (Z)- Amides Yes Yes 334-48-5 Decanoic acid Acids Yes Yes 431-03-8 2,3-Butanedione Ketones 461-58-5 Guanidine, cyano- Amines, aliphatic Yes Yes 463-40-1 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, (Z,Z,Z)- Acids

513-86-0 2-Butanone, 3-hydroxy- Ketones 514-10-3 1-Phenanthrenecarboxylic acid,1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,10,10adecahydro-1,4a-dimethyl-7- (1-methylethyl)-, [1R- (1 α ,4a β ,4b α ,10a α )]- Acids

526-95-4 D-Gluconic acid Carbohydrates & derivatives Yes Yes

527-07-1 D-Gluconic acid, monosodium salt Carbohydrates & derivatives Yes Yes

532-32-1 Benzoic acid, sodium salt Acid salts Yes Yes 540-84-1 Pentane, 2,2,4-trimethyl- Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes Yes

544-17-2 Formic acid, calcium salt Acid salts Yes Yes 544-63-8 Tetradecanoic acid Acids Yes Yes 552-30-7 5-Isobenzofurancarboxylicacid, 1,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxoAcid anhydrides Yes Yes

577-11-7 Butanedioic acid, sulfo-, 1,4- bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt Sulfur compounds Yes Yes

584-08-7 Carbonic acid, dipotassium salt Isocyanates Yes

587-98-4 Benzenesulfonic acid, 3-[[4- (phenylamino)phenyl]azo]-, monosodium salt Azo compounds

628-63-7 Acetic acid, pentyl ester Esters Yes Yes 763-69-9 Propanoic acid, 3-ethoxy-, ethyl ester Esters Yes Yes

822-16-2 Octadecanoic acid, sodium salt Acid salts Yes

872-50-4 2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-methyl- N-Heterocycles Yes Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

41 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

1119-40-0 Pentanedioic acid, dimethyl
ester Esters Yes Yes

1120-36-1 1-Tetradecene Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes

1300-72-7 Benzenesulfonic acid, dimethyl-, sodium salt Benzenesulfonates Yes Yes

1319-77-3 Phenol, methyl- Phenols Yes Yes 1321-69-3 Naphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt Naphthalenesulfonates 1330-20-7 Benzene, dimethyl- Hydrocarbons, aromatic Yes Yes Yes

1330-78-5 Phosphoric acid, tris(methylphenyl) ester Phosphorus(V) Yes Yes HC

1331-61-9 Benzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl-, ammonium salt Benzenesulfonates Yes

1334-78-7 Benzaldehyde, methyl- Aldehydes 1338-41-6 Sorbitan, monooctadecanoate Esters Yes

1338-43-8 Sorbitan, mono-9- octadecenoate, (Z)- Esters Yes

1592-23-0 Octadecanoic acid, calcium salt Acid salts Yes

1643-20-5 1-Dodecanamine, N,Ndimethyl-, N-oxide Amine oxides Yes Yes

1760-24-3 1,2-Ethanediamine, N-[3- (trimethoxysilyl)propyl]- Alkoxysilanes Yes Yes

2082-79-3 Benzenepropanoic acid, 3,5- bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4- hydroxy-, octadecyl ester Esters Yes Yes

2235-54-3 Sulfuric acid, monododecyl ester, ammonium salt Sulfur compounds Yes Yes

2425-85-6 2-Naphthalenol, 1-[(4- methyl-2-nitrophenyl)azo]- Azo compounds

2492-26-4 2(3H)-Benzothiazolethione, sodium salt Benzothiazoles Yes Yes

2807-30-9 Ethanol, 2-propoxy- Glycol ethers Yes Yes2893-78-9 1,3,5-Triazine2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione, 1,3- dichloro-, sodium salt Triazines Yes Yes

3234-85-3 Tetradecanoic acid, tetradecyl ester Esters

3319-31-1 1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, tris(2-ethylhexyl) ester Phthalates Yes Yes

3648-20-2 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diundecyl ester Phthalates Yes Yes EC

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

42 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

4080-31-3 3,5,7-Triaza-1-azoniatricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane, 1-(3-chloro-2-propenyl)-, chloride Triazines Yes

5064-31-3 Glycine, N,Nbis(carboxymethyl)-, trisodium salt Amino acids & derivatives Yes

5102-83-0 Butanamide, 2,2'-[(3,3'- dichloro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'- diyl)bis(azo)]bis[N-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-oxoDichlorobenzidine-based compounds Yes Yes

5281-04-9 2-Naphthalenecarboxylic acid, 3-hydroxy-4-[(4- methyl-2-sulfophenyl)azo]-, calcium salt (1:1) Azo - β -naphthols Yes

5468-75-7 Butanamide, 2,2'-[(3,3'- dichloro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'- diyl)bis(azo)]bis[N-(2-methylphenyl)-3-oxoDichlorobenzidine-based compounds Yes

6358-85-6 Butanamide, 2,2'-[(3,3'- dichloro[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis(azo)]bis[3-oxo-NphenylDichlorobenzidine-based compounds Yes Yes

6846-50-0 Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2,2-dimethyl-1-(1- methylethyl)-1,3- propanediyl ester Esters Yes

6915-15-7 Butanedioic acid, hydroxy- Acids Yes Yes10081-67-1 Benzenamine, 4-(1-methyl1-phenylethyl)-N-[4-(1- methyl-1- phenylethyl)phenyl]- Amines, aromatic Yes EC

12068-03-0 Benzenesulfonic acid, methyl-, sodium salt Benzenesulfonates Yes Yes

13863-31-5 Benzenesulfonic acid, 2,2'- (1,2-ethenediyl)bis[5-[[4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)methylamino]-6-(phenylamino)- 1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]-, disodium salt Triazines Yes

16090-02-1 Benzenesulfonic acid, 2,2'- (1,2-ethenediyl)bis[5-[[4-(4- morpholinyl)-6-(phenylamino)-1,3,5-triazin2-yl]amino]-, disodium salt Triazines Yes Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

43 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

17831-71-9 2-Propenoic acid,oxybis(2,1-ethanediyloxy2,1-ethanediyl) ester Acrylates

24634-61-5 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt, (E,E)- Acid salts Yes Yes

25154-52-3 Phenol, nonyl- Phenols Yes 25155-30-0 Benzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl-, sodium salt Benzenesulfonates Yes Yes

25167-32-2 Benzenesulfonic acid, oxybis[dodecyl-, disodium salt Benzenesulfonates

25265-71-8 Propanol, oxybis- Alcohols Yes Yes 25265-77-4 Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, monoester with 2,2,4- trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol Esters Yes

25339-17-7 Isodecanol Alcohols Yes Yes 25496-72-4 9-Octadecenoic acid, (Z)-, monoester with 1,2,3- propanetriol Esters Yes Yes

26264-05-1 Benzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl-, compd. with 2- propanamine (1:1) Benzenesulfonates Yes

26264-06-2 Benzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl-, calcium salt Benzenesulfonates Yes Yes

26264-58-4 Naphthalenesulfonic acid, methyl-, sodium salt Naphthalenesulfonates26447-40-5 Benzene, 1,1-methylenebis[isocyanatoIsocyanates Yes

26471-62-5 Benzene, 1,3-diisocyanatomethylIsocyanates Yes Yes

26523-78-4 Phenol, nonyl-, phosphite (3:1) Phosphorus(III) Yes

26761-40-0 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisodecyl ester Phthalates Yes

27138-31-4 Propanol, oxybis-, dibenzoate Glycol ethers Yes

27176-87-0 Benzenesulfonic acid,dodecylBenzenesulfonates Yes Yes

27178-16-1 Hexanedioic acid, diisodecyl
ester Esters Yes Yes

27193-86-8 Phenol, dodecyl- Phenols Yes 28519-02-0 Benzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl(sulfophenoxy)-, disodium salt Benzenesulfonates Yes

28553-12-0 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester Phthalates Yes EC

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

44 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

29385-43-1 1H-Benzotriazole, 4(or 5)-methylBenzotriazoles Yes

34590-94-8 Propanol, 1(or 2)-(2- methoxymethylethoxy)- Glycol ethers Yes Yes

36653-82-4 1-Hexadecanol Alcohols Yes Yes ORGANOMETALLICS 78-00-2 Plumbane, tetraethyl- Lead Yes Yes147-14-8 Copper, [29H,31Hphthalocyaninato(2-)- N29,N30,N31,N32]-, (SP-4- 1)- Copper-phthalocyanines Yes

4259-15-8 Zinc, bis[O,O-bis(2- ethylhexyl) phosphorodithioato-S,S']- ,(T-4)- Zinc Yes

ORGANIC-METAL SALTS 557-05-1 Octadecanoic acid, zinc salt Zinc Yes Yes 1103-38-4 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 2-[(2-hydroxy-1- naphthalenyl)azo]-, barium salt (2:1) Barium-azo- β

naphthols Yes Yes

4485-12-5 Octadecanoic acid, lithium salt Lithium

5160-02-1 Benzenesulfonic acid, 5- chloro-2-[(2-hydroxy-1- naphthalenyl)azo]-4-methyl- , barium salt (2:1) Barium-azo- β

naphthols Yes

7620-77-1 Octadecanoic acid, 12- hydroxy-, monolithium salt Lithium Yes

POLYMERS 9002-86-2 Ethene, chloro-, homopolymer Polyolefins

9002-88-4 Ethene, homopolymer Polyolefins 9002-89-5 Ethenol, homopolymer Vinyl polymers 9002-92-0 Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α

dodecyl- ω -hydroxyPolyethers

9002-93-1 Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α

-[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl]- ω -hydroxyPolyethers

9003-01-4 2-Propenoic acid, homopolymer Polyacrylates

9003-04-7 2-Propenoic acid, homopolymer, sodium salt Polyacrylates

9003-05-8 2-Propenamide, homopolymer Polyamides

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

45 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

9003-07-0 1-Propene, homopolymer Polyolefins 9003-08-1 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6- triamine, polymer with formaldehyde Polyamines

9003-11-6 Oxirane, methyl-, polymer with oxirane Polyethers

9003-17-2 1,3-Butadiene, homopolymer Polyolefins

9003-18-3 2-Propenenitrile, polymer with 1,3-butadiene Acrylonitrile– butadiene copolymers 9003-20-7 Acetic acid, ethenyl ester, homopolymer Vinyl polymers

9003-22-9 Acetic acid, ethenyl ester, polymer with chloroethene Vinyl polymers

9003-27-4 1-Propene, 2-methyl-, homopolymer Polyolefins

9003-28-5 1-Butene, homopolymer Polyolefins 9003-29-6 Butene, homopolymer Polyolefins 9003-31-0 1,3-Butadiene, 2-methyl-, homopolymer Polyolefins

9003-35-4 Phenol, polymer with formaldehyde Phenol– formaldehyde copolymers 9003-39-8 2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-ethenyl-, homopolymer Vinyl polymers

9003-49-0 2-Propenoic acid, butyl ester, homopolymer Polyacrylates

9003-53-6 Benzene, ethenyl-, homopolymer Polystyrenes

9003-55-8 Benzene, ethenyl-, polymer with 1,3-butadiene Polystyrenes

9003-56-9 2-Propenenitrile, polymer with 1,3-butadiene and ethenylbenzene Acrylonitrile– butadiene–styrene copolymers 9004-82-4 Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α

sulfo- ω -(dodecyloxy)-, sodium salt Polyethers Yes

9005-09-8 2-Butenedioic acid (Z)-, polymer with chloroethene and ethenyl acetate Polycarboxylates

9006-26-2 2,5-Furandione, polymer with ethane Polycarboxylates

9008-63-3 Naphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt, polymer with formaldehyde Polysulfonates

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

46 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

9010-77-9 2-Propenoic acid, polymer with ethene Polyacrylates

9010-79-1 1-Propene, polymer with ethane Polyolefins

9010-85-9 1,3-Butadiene, 2-methyl-, polymer with 2-methyl-1-
propene Polyolefins

9010-86-0 2-Propenoic acid, ethyl ester, polymer with ethane Polyacrylates

9010-88-2 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, methyl ester, polymer with ethyl 2-propenoate Polymethacrylates

9010-98-4 1,3-Butadiene, 2-chloro-, homopolymer Polyolefins

9011-05-6 Urea, polymer with formaldehyde Polyurethanes

9011-14-7 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, methyl ester, homopolymer Polymethacrylates

9011-15-8 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-methylpropyl ester, homopolymer Polymethacrylates

9011-17-0 1-Propene, 1,1,2,3,3,3- hexafluoro-, polymer with 1,1-difluoroethene Polyolefins

9016-45-9 Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α

- (nonylphenyl)- ω -hydroxyPolyethers Yes Yes

9017-27-0 Benzene, ethenylmethyl-, polymer with (1- methylethenyl)benzene Polystyrenes

9036-19-5 Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α

-[(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl]- ω -hydroxyPolyethers

9038-95-3 Oxirane, methyl-, polymer with oxirane, monobutyl ether Polyethers

9049-71-2 Poly[oxy(methyl-1,2- ethanediyl)], α -hydro- ω

hydroxy-, ether with β -Dfructofuranosyl α -Dglucopyranoside Polyethers

9051-57-4 Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α

sulfo- ω -(nonylphenoxy)-, ammonium salt Polyethers Yes

9082-00-2 Oxirane, methyl-, polymer with oxirane, ether with 1,2,3-propanetriol (3:1) Polyethers

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

47 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

9084-06-4 Naphthalenesulfonic acid, polymer with formaldehyde, sodium salt Polysulfonates Yes

24937-78-8 Acetic acid, ethenyl ester, polymer with ethane Vinyl polymers

24938-91-8 Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α

tridecyl- ω -hydroxyPolyethers

25014-31-7 Benzene, (1-methylethenyl)- , homopolymer Polystyrenes

25035-68-1 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, polymer with ethenylbenzene and ethyl 2- propenoate Polymethacrylates

25035-69-2 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, polymer with butyl 2- propenoate and methyl 2- methyl-2-propenoate Polymethacrylates

25035-90-9 2-Butenedioic acid (Z)-, dibutyl ester, polymer with ethenylacetate Polycarboxylates

25036-25-3 Phenol, 4,4'-(1-methylethylidene)bis-, polymer with2,2'-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(4,1-phenyleneoxymethylene)]- bis[oxirane] Polyethers

25037-66-5 1,3-Isobenzofurandione, polymer with 2,5-furandione and 1,2-propanediol Polyesters

25038-36-2 Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene, 5- ethylidene-, polymer with ethene and 1-propene Polyolefins

25038-37-3 1,4-Hexadiene, polymer with ethene and 1-propene Polyolefins

25038-54-4 Poly[imino(1-oxo-1,6- hexanediyl)] Polyamines

25038-59-9 Poly(oxy-1,2- ethanediyloxycarbonyl-1,4- phenylenecarbonyl) Polyethers

25067-01-0 2-Propenoic acid, butyl ester, polymer with ethenyl
acetate Polyacrylates

25068-38-6 Phenol, 4,4'-(1- methylethylidene)bis-, polymer with (chloromethyl)oxirane Polyethers

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

48 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

25085-02-3 2-Propenoic acid, sodium salt, polymer with 2- propenamide Polyacrylates

25085-99-8 Oxirane, 2,2'-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(4,1-phenyleneoxymethylene)]bis-, homopolymer Polyethers

25087-34-7 1-Butene, polymer with ethane Polyolefins

25133-97-5 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, polymer with ethyl 2- propenoate and methyl 2- methyl-2-propenoate Polymethacrylates

25213-24-5 Acetic acid, ethenyl ester, polymer with ethanol Vinyl polymers

25322-68-3 Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α

hydro- ω -hydroxyPolyethers Yes

25322-69-4 Poly[oxy(methyl-1,2- ethanediyl)], α -hydro- ω

hydroxyPolyethers Yes

25608-33-7 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, butyl ester, polymer with methyl 2-methyl-2- propenoate Polymethacrylates

25791-96-2 Poly[oxy(methyl-1,2- ethanediyl)], α , α ', α "-1,2,3- propanetriyltris[ ω -hydroxyPolyethers

25852-37-3 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, methyl ester, polymer with butyl 2-propenoate Polymethacrylates

25950-34-9 1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, polymer with 2,2- dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2- ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)- 1,3-propanediol and hexanedioic acid Polyesters

25987-30-8 2-Propenoic acid, polymer with 2-propenamide, sodium salt Acrylate– acrylamide copolymers 25987-66-0 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, polymer with butyl 2- propenoate, ethenylbenzene and methyl 2-methyl-2- propenoate Polymethacrylates

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

49 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

26006-22-4 Ethanaminium, N,N,Ntrimethyl-2-[(2-methyl-1- oxo-2-propenyl)oxy]-, methyl sulfate, polymer with 2-propenamide Polyamines

26027-38-3 Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α

- (4-nonylphenyl)- ω -hydroxyPolyethers Yes

26062-79-3 2-Propen-1-aminium, N,Ndimethyl-N-2-propenyl-, chloride, homopolymer Polyamines

26300-51-6 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, methyl ester, polymer with butyl 2-propenoate and 2- propenoic acid Polymethacrylates

26301-26-8 1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, polymer with 2,5- furandione and 1,2- propanediol Polyesters

26376-86-3 2-Propenoic acid, ethyl ester, polymer with 2-ethylhexyl 2-propenoate Polyacrylates

26780-96-1 Quinoline, 1,2-dihydro2,2,4-trimethyl-, homopolymer Polyamines

28064-14-4 Phenol, polymer with formaldehyde, glycidyl ether Phenol– formaldehyde copolymers 30525-89-4 Paraformaldehyde Organic 32131-17-2 Poly[imino(1,6-dioxo-1,6- hexanediyl)imino-1,6- hexanediyl] Polyamines Yes

35429-19-7 Ethanaminium, N,N,Ntrimethyl-2-[(2-methyl-1- oxo-2-propenyl)oxy]-, chloride, polymer with 2- propenamide Polyamines

36290-04-7 2-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, polymer with formaldehyde, sodium salt Polysulfonates Yes

36484-54-5 Phenol, 4,4'-(1- methylethylidene)bis-, polymer with (chloromethyl)oxirane and methyloxirane Polyethers

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

50 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

37199-81-8 2,5-Furandione, polymer with 2,4,4-trimethylpentene, sodium salt Polycarboxylates

37625-93-7 2-Propenoic acid, polymer with (chloromethyl)oxiraneand 4,4'-(1-methylethylidene)bis[phenol] Polyacrylates

39382-25-7 2-Butenedioic acid, (E)-, polymer with α , α '-[(1- methylethylidene)di-4,1-phenylene]bis[hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl-1,2- ethanediyl)]] Polycarboxylates

42751-79-1 1,2-Ethanediamine, polymer with (chloromethyl)oxirane and N-methylmethanamine Polyamines

52624-57-4 Oxirane, methyl-, polymer with oxirane, ether with 2- ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)- 1,3-propanediol (3:1) Polyethers

54579-44-1 Formaldehyde, polymer with 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenoland 4,4'-(1-methylethylidene)bis[phenol] Phenol– formaldehyde copolymers

65997-11-7 Rosin, fumarated, polymer with pentaerythritol Polyesters

66070-60-8 Soybean oil, polymer with pentaerythritol and phthalic anhydride Polyesters

66070-62-0 Fatty acids, tall oil, polymer with glycerol, pentaerythritol and phthalic anhydride Polyesters

66070-65-3 Linseed oil, polymer with glycerol, pentaerythritol, phthalic anhydride and soybean oil Polyesters

66070-71-1 Fatty acids, tall oil, polymer with glycerol and phthalic anhydride Polyesters

67700-76-9 Soybean oil, polymer with ethylene glycol, pentaerythritol and phthalic anhydride Polyesters

67700-92-9 Fatty acids, tall oil, polymer with pentaerythritol and phthalic anhydride Polyesters

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

51 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

67761-98-2 Fatty acids, tall oil, polymer with ethylene glycol, pentaerythritol and phthalic anhydride Polyesters

67762-15-6 Soybean oil, polymer withmaleic anhydride, pentaerythritol and phthalic anhydride Polyesters

68002-19-7 Urea, polymer with formaldehyde, butylated Polyurethanes

68002-20-0 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6- triamine, polymer with formaldehyde, methylated Polyamines

68002-25-5 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6- triamine, polymer with formaldehyde, butylated Polyamines

68037-01-4 1-Decene, homopolymer, hydrogenated Polyolefins

68038-41-5 Rosin, maleated, polymer with glycerol Polyesters

68240-01-7 4,7-Methano-1H-indene, 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-, polymer with ethenylbenzene,ethenylmethylbenzene, 1Hindene and (1-methylethenyl)benzene Polystyrenes

68333-69-7 Rosin, maleated, polymer with pentaerythritol Polyesters

68441-17-8 Ethene, homopolymer, oxidized Polyolefins

68554-65-4 Siloxanes and silicones, diMe, polymer with Me silsesquioxanes and polyethylene-polypropylene glycol mono-Bu ether Polysiloxanes

UVCBS 1302-78-9 Bentonite Unsorted 1312-76-1 Silicic acid, potassium salt Silicones & siloxanes Yes

1327-43-1 Silicic acid, aluminum magnesium salt Silicones & siloxanes 1332-58-7 Kaolin Inorganics 1333-86-4 Carbon black Inorganics Yes Yes 1335-30-4 Silicic acid, aluminum salt Silicones & siloxanes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

52 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

1338-24-5 Naphthenic acids Petroleums Yes 1343-88-0 Silicic acid, magnesium salt Silicones & siloxanes 1344-00-9 Silicic acid, aluminum sodium salt Silicones & siloxanes Yes

1344-09-8 Silicic acid, sodium salt Silicones & siloxanes Yes

1344-37-2 C.I. Pigment Yellow 34 Dyes & pigments Yes 1344-95-2 Silicic acid, calcium salt Silicones & siloxanes Yes

8001-21-6 Sunflower oil Biologicals Yes 8001-22-7 Soybean oil Biologicals Yes 8001-26-1 Linseed oil Biologicals Yes 8001-29-4 Cottonseed oil Biologicals Yes 8001-30-7 Corn oil Biologicals Yes 8001-31-8 Coconut oil Biologicals Yes Yes 8001-78-3 Castor oil, hydrogenated Biologicals Yes Yes 8002-03-7 Peanut oil Biologicals Yes 8002-05-9 Petroleum Petroleums Yes 8002-09-3 Oils, pine Biologicals Yes 8002-26-4 Tall oil Biologicals Yes Yes 8002-43-5 Lecithins Biologicals Yes 8002-53-7 Montan wax Biologicals 8002-74-2 Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes Petroleums Yes

8006-64-2 Turpentine, oil Biologicals Yes Yes 8007-01-0 Oils, rose Biologicals 8007-02-1 Oils, lemongrass Biologicals 8007-43-0 Sorbitan, (Z)-9- octadecenoate (2:3) Biologicals Yes

8007-45-2 Tar, coal Petroleums Yes Yes 8008-20-6 Kerosine (petroleum) Petroleums Yes 8008-52-4 Oils, coriander Biologicals 8008-57-9 Oils, orange, sweet Biologicals Yes 8009-03-8 Petrolatum Petroleums Yes 8012-95-1 Paraffin oils Petroleums 8013-07-8 Soybean oil, epoxidized Biologicals Yes Yes 8016-28-2 Oils, lard Biologicals Yes 8016-88-4 Oils, tarragon Biologicals 8022-96-6 Oils, jasmine Biologicals 8023-75-4 Oils, jonquil Biologicals 8023-79-8 Oils, glyceridic, palm kernel Biologicals Yes Yes 8024-05-3 Oils, tuberose Biologicals 8024-06-4 Oils, vanilla Biologicals

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

53 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

8024-08-6 Oils, violet Biologicals 8024-43-9 Perfumes and essences, jasmin Biologicals

8029-43-4 Syrups, hydrolysed starch Biologicals Yes 8030-12-4 Tallow, hydrogenated Biologicals Yes Yes 8030-30-6 Naphtha Petroleums Yes 8032-32-4 Ligroine Petroleums Yes Yes 8042-47-5 White mineral oil (petroleum) Petroleums Yes

8050-09-7 Rosin Biologicals Yes Yes 8050-26-8 Resin acids and rosin acids, esters with pentaerythritol Biologicals Yes Yes

8050-31-5 Resin acids and rosin acids, esters with glycerol Biologicals Yes Yes

8052-10-6 Tall oil rosin Biologicals Yes Yes 8052-41-3 Stoddard solvent Petroleums Yes Yes 8052-42-4 Asphalt Petroleums Yes 8052-48-0 Fatty acids, tallow, sodium salts Biologicals Yes Yes

8061-51-6 Lignosulfonic acid, sodium salt Biologicals

8061-52-7 Lignosulfonic acid, calcium salt Biologicals Yes

8061-53-8 Lignosulfonic acid, ammonium salt Biologicals

8062-15-5 Lignosulfonic acid Biologicals 9000-30-0 Guar gum Biologicals 9000-70-8 Gelatins Biologicals 9000-71-9 Caseins Biologicals 9004-32-4 Cellulose, carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt Biologicals

9004-34-6 Cellulose Biologicals 9004-35-7 Cellulose, acetate Biologicals 9004-36-8 Cellulose, acetate butanoate Biologicals 9004-39-1 Cellulose, acetate propanoate Biologicals

9004-53-9 Dextrin Biologicals 9004-57-3 Cellulose, ethyl ether Biologicals 9004-58-4 Cellulose, ethyl 2- hydroxyethyl ether Biologicals

9004-62-0 Cellulose, 2-hydroxyethyl ether Biologicals

9004-64-2 Cellulose, 2-hydroxypropyl ether Biologicals

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

54 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

9004-65-3 Cellulose, 2-hydroxypropyl methyl ether Biologicals

9004-67-5 Cellulose, methyl ether Biologicals 9004-70-0 Cellulose, nitrate Biologicals 9005-25-8 Starch Biologicals 9005-64-5 Sorbitan, monododecanoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivatives Biologicals

9005-65-6 Sorbitan, mono-9- octadecenoate, poly(oxy-1,2- ethanediyl) derivatives, (Z)- Biologicals

9005-67-8 Sorbitan, monooctadecanoate, poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) derivatives Biologicals Yes

9007-13-0 Resin acids and rosin acids, calcium salts Biologicals

9007-34-5 Collagens Biologicals 9016-87-9 Isocyanic acid,polymethylenepolyphenylene ester Unsorted

9037-22-3 Amylopectin Biologicals 9050-36-6 Maltodextrin Biologicals Yes 11138-66-2 Xanthan gum Biologicals 12001-26-2 Mica-group minerals Unsorted 12001-85-3 Naphthenic acids, zinc salts Acids Yes 12238-31-2 C.I. Pigment Red 52:2 Dyes & pigments 12656-85-8 C.I. Pigment Red 104 Dyes & pigments Yes 12713-03-0 Umber Unsorted 12736-96-8 Silicic acid, aluminum potassium sodium salt Silicones & siloxanes 37300-23-5 C.I. Pigment Yellow 36 Dyes & pigments 39421-75-5 Guar gum, 2-hydroxypropyl ether Biologicals

51274-00-1 C.I. Pigment Yellow 42 Dyes & pigments Yes 53124-00-8 Starch, hydrogen phosphate, 2-hydroxypropyl ether Biologicals

57455-37-5 C.I. Pigment Blue 29 Dyes & pigments 61788-46-3 Amines, coco alkyl Amines, amides; tallow derivatives Yes Yes

61788-47-4 Fatty acids, coco Biologicals Yes Yes 61788-76-9 Alkanes, chloro Halogenated, aliphatic Yes Yes

61788-89-4 Fatty acids, C18- unsaturated, dimers Biologicals Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

55 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

61789-31-9 Fatty acids, coco, sodium salts Biologicals Yes Yes

61789-36-4 Naphthenic acids, calcium salts Acids

61789-80-8 Quaternary ammonium compounds, bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl)dimethyl, chlorides Quaternary ammonium & tallow derivatives Yes

61789-86-4 Sulfonic acids, petroleum, calcium salts Unsorted Yes Yes

61789-97-7 Tallow Biologicals Yes Yes 61790-12-3 Fatty acids, tall oil Biologicals Yes Yes 61790-14-5 Naphthenic acids, lead salts Acids 61790-44-1 Fatty acids, tall oil, potassium salts Biologicals Yes

61790-48-5 Sulfonic acids, petroleum, barium salts Unsorted Yes

61790-51-0 Resin acids and rosin acids, sodium salts Biologicals Yes Yes

61790-59-8 Amines, hydrogenated tallow alkyl, acetates Amines, amides; tallow derivatives 61790-88-3 Fatty acids, tall oil, triesters with sorbitan, ethoxylated Biologicals

61791-00-2 Fatty acids, tall oil, ethoxylated Biologicals

61791-01-3 Fatty acids, tall oil, diesters with polyethylene glycol Biologicals Yes

61791-12-6 Castor oil, ethoxylated Biologicals 61791-26-2 Amines, tallow alkyl, ethoxylated Amines, amides; tallow derivatives61791-31-9 Ethanol, 2,2'-iminobis-, Ncoco alkyl derivatives Alcohols & ethoxylated products Yes Yes

61791-55-7 Amines, N-tallowalkyltrimethylenediAmines, amides; tallow derivatives Yes Yes

63148-62-9 Siloxanes and silicones, diMe Silicones & siloxanes 63231-60-7 Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, microcryst. Petroleums Yes

63231-67-4 Silica gel Silicones & siloxanes 63449-39-8 Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, chloro Petroleums Yes Yes

64147-40-6 Castor oil, dehydrated Biologicals Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

56 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

64741-41-9 Naphtha (petroleum), heavy straight-run Petroleums Yes

64741-42-0 Naphtha (petroleum), fullrange straight-run Petroleums Yes

64741-43-1 Gas oils (petroleum), straight-run Petroleums Yes

64741-44-2 Distillates (petroleum), straight-run middle Petroleums Yes

64741-45-3 Residues (petroleum), atm.
tower Petroleums Yes

64741-46-4 Naphtha (petroleum), light straight-run Petroleums Yes

64741-47-5 Natural gas condensates (petroleum) Petroleums Yes

64741-53-3 Distillates (petroleum), heavy naphthenic Petroleums Yes

64741-54-4 Naphtha (petroleum), heavy catalytic cracked Petroleums Yes

64741-55-5 Naphtha (petroleum), light catalytic cracked Petroleums Yes

64741-56-6 Residues (petroleum),

vacuum Petroleums Yes

64741-57-7 Gas oils (petroleum), heavy

vacuum Petroleums Yes

64741-59-9 Distillates (petroleum), light catalytic cracked Petroleums Yes

64741-62-4 Clarified oils (petroleum), catalytic cracked Petroleums Yes

64741-63-5 Naphtha (petroleum), light catalytic reformed Petroleums Yes Yes

64741-65-7 Naphtha (petroleum), heavy alkylate Petroleums Yes Yes

64741-67-9 Residues (petroleum), catalytic reformer fractionator Petroleums Yes

64741-68-0 Naphtha (petroleum), heavy catalytic reformed Petroleums Yes

64741-69-1 Naphtha (petroleum), light hydrocracked Petroleums Yes

64741-72-6 Naphtha (petroleum), polymn. Petroleums

64741-79-3 Coke (petroleum) Petroleums Yes 64741-81-7 Distillates (petroleum), heavy thermal cracked Petroleums Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

57 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

64741-82-8 Distillates (petroleum), light thermal cracked Petroleums Yes

64741-86-2 Distillates (petroleum), sweetened middle Petroleums Yes

64741-88-4 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-refined heavy paraffinic Petroleums Yes

64741-89-5 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-refined light paraffinic Petroleums Yes

64741-95-3 Residual oils (petroleum), solvent deasphalted Petroleums Yes

64741-96-4 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-refined heavy naphthenic Petroleums Yes

64741-97-5 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-refined light naphthenic Petroleums Yes

64742-01-4 Residual oils (petroleum), solvent-refined Petroleums Yes

64742-04-7 Extracts (petroleum), heavy paraffinic distillate solvent Petroleums Yes

64742-06-9 Extracts (petroleum), middle distillate solvent Petroleums Yes Yes

64742-16-1 Petroleum resins Petroleums Yes 64742-23-0 Naphtha (petroleum), chemically neutralized light Petroleums Yes

64742-30-9 Distillates (petroleum), chemically neutralized middle Petroleums Yes

64742-34-3 Distillates (petroleum), chemically neutralized heavy naphthenic Petroleums Yes

64742-40-1 Neutralizing agents (petroleum), spent sodium hydroxide Petroleums Yes

64742-42-3 Hydrocarbon waxes (petroleum), clay-treated microcryst. Petroleums Yes

64742-43-4 Paraffin waxes (petroleum), clay-treated Petroleums Yes

64742-46-7 Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated middle Petroleums Yes Yes

64742-47-8 Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated light Petroleums Yes Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

58 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

64742-48-9 Naphtha (petroleum), hydrotreated heavy Petroleums Yes Yes

64742-49-0 Naphtha (petroleum), hydrotreated light Petroleums Yes Yes

64742-51-4 Paraffin waxes (petroleum), hydrotreated Petroleums Yes

64742-52-5 Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated heavy naphthenic Petroleums Yes

64742-53-6 Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated light naphthenic Petroleums Yes

64742-54-7 Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated heavy paraffinic Petroleums Yes

64742-55-8 Distillates (petroleum), hydrotreated light paraffinic Petroleums Yes

64742-56-9 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-dewaxed light paraffinic Petroleums Yes

64742-57-0 Residual oils (petroleum), hydrotreated Petroleums Yes

64742-61-6 Slack wax (petroleum) Petroleums Yes 64742-62-7 Residual oils (petroleum), solvent-dewaxed Petroleums Yes

64742-63-8 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-dewaxed heavy naphthenic Petroleums Yes

64742-65-0 Distillates (petroleum), solvent-dewaxed heavy paraffinic Petroleums Yes

64742-73-0 Naphtha (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized light Petroleums Yes

64742-80-9 Distillates (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized middle Petroleums Yes Yes

64742-81-0 Kerosine (petroleum), hydrodesulfurized Petroleums Yes Yes

64742-88-7 Solvent naphtha (petroleum), medium aliph. Petroleums Yes Yes

64742-89-8 Solvent naphtha (petroleum), light aliph. Petroleums Yes Yes

64742-93-4 Asphalt, oxidized Petroleums Yes 64742-94-5 Solvent naphtha (petroleum), heavy aromatic Petroleums Yes Yes

64742-95-6 Solvent naphtha (petroleum), light aromatic Petroleums Yes Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

59 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

64742-96-7 Solvent naphtha (petroleum), heavy aliphatic Petroleums Yes

64743-05-1 Coke (petroleum), calcined Petroleums Yes 65996-61-4 Pulp, cellulose Biologicals 65996-62-5 Starch, oxidized Biologicals 65996-63-6 Starch, acid-hydrolysed Biologicals Yes65996-93-2 Pitch, coal tar, hightemperature Petroleums Yes

65997-04-8 Rosin, fumarated Biologicals Yes Yes 65997-05-9 Rosin, polymd. Biologicals 65997-06-0 Rosin, hydrogenated Biologicals Yes Yes 65997-15-1 Cement, portland, chemicals Unsorted 65997-16-2 Cement, alumina, chemicals Unsorted 65997-17-3 Glass, oxide, chemicals Inorganics 65997-18-4 Frits, chemicals Inorganics 66071-92-9 Sulfite liquors and cooking liquors, spent Unsorted Yes

66071-96-3 Glutens, corn Biologicals 66402-68-4 Ceramic materials and wares, chemicals Unsorted

66455-14-9 Alcohols, C12–13, ethoxylated Alcohols & ethoxylated products 67701-03-5 Fatty acids, C16–18 Biologicals Yes Yes 67762-19-0 Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α

sulfo- ω -hydroxy-, C10–16- alkyl ethers, ammonium salts Polymers Yes

67762-30-5 Alcohols, C14–18 Alcohols & ethoxylated products Yes Yes

67762-90-7 Siloxanes and silicones, diMe, reaction products with silica Silicones & siloxanes

67774-74-7 Benzene, C10–13-alkyl derivatives Petroleums Yes

68002-97-1 Alcohols, C10–16, ethoxylated Alcohols & ethoxylated products 68037-64-9 Siloxanes and silicones, diMe, Me hydrogen, reactionproducts with polyethylenepolypropylene glycol monoacetate allylether Silicones & siloxanes

68131-31-7 Sulfite liquors and cooking liquors, spent, alkali-treated Unsorted

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

60 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

68131-37-3 Syrups, corn, dehydrated Biologicals 68131-39-5 Alcohols, C12–15, ethoxylated Alcohols & ethoxylated products 68153-22-0 Paraffin waxes and hydrocarbon waxes, oxidized Petroleums Yes

68187-11-1 C.I. Pigment Blue 36 Dyes & pigments 68213-23-0 Alcohols, C12–18, ethoxylated Alcohols & ethoxylated products 68333-88-0 Aromatic hydrocarbons, C9– 17 Petroleums Yes

68334-30-5 Fuels, diesel Petroleums Yes 68391-11-7 Pyridine, alkyl derivatives Unsorted Yes Yes 68410-23-1 Fatty acids, C18- unsaturated, dimers, reactionproducts with polyethylenepolyamines Biologicals Yes

68410-99-1 Alkenes, polymd., chlorinated Polymers

68411-30-3 Benzenesulfonic acid, C10– 13-alkyl derivatives, sodium salts Linear alkyl benzene sulfonates Yes

68412-54-4 Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α

- (nonylphenyl)- ω -hydroxy-, branched Polymers

68439-45-2 Alcohols, C6–12, ethoxylated Alcohols & ethoxylated products 68439-46-3 Alcohols, C9–11, ethoxylated Alcohols & ethoxylated products 68439-50-9 Alcohols, C12–14, ethoxylated Alcohols & ethoxylated products 68439-57-6 Sulfonic acids, C14–16- alkane hydroxy and C14–16- alkene, sodium salts Unsorted Yes Yes

68476-03-9 Fatty acids, montan-wax Biologicals Yes 68476-30-2 Fuel oil, no. 2 Petroleums Yes 68476-34-6 Fuels, diesel, no. 2 Petroleums Yes 68476-86-8 Petroleum gases, liquefied, sweetened Petroleums Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

61 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

68477-31-6 Distillates (petroleum), catalytic reformerfractionator residue, lowboiling Petroleums Yes Yes

68477-77-0 Gases (petroleum), catalytic reformed naphtha stripper overheads Petroleums Yes

68513-02-0 Naphtha (petroleum), fullrange coker Petroleums Yes

68553-00-4 Fuel oil, no. 6 Petroleums Yes 68584-22-5 Benzenesulfonic acid, C10– 16-alkyl derivs. Linear alkyl benzene sulfonates Yes Yes

68585-34-2 Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), α

sulfo- ω -hydroxy-, C10–16- alkyl ethers, sodium salts Polymers Yes

68603-15-6 Alcohols, C6–12 Alcohols & ethoxylated products Yes Yes

68603-42-9 Amides, coco, N,Nbis(hydroxyethyl) Amines, amides; tallow derivatives Yes Yes

68608-26-4 Sulfonic acids, petroleum, sodium salts Unsorted Yes Yes

68648-87-3 Benzene, C10–16-alkyl derivatives Petroleums Yes

68649-11-6 1-Decene, dimer, hydrogenated Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes

68649-12-7 1-Decene, tetramer, mixed with 1-decene trimer, hydrogenated Hydrocarbons, aliphatic Yes

68649-42-3 Phosphorodithioic acid, o,odi-C1–14-alkyl esters, zinc salts Acids Yes Yes

68784-26-9 Phenol, dodecyl-, sulfurized, carbonates, calcium salts, overbased Phenolics Yes Yes

68855-54-9 Kieselguhr, soda ash fluxcalcined Inorganics

68909-18-2 Pyridinium, 1- (phenylmethyl)-, Et Me derivatives, chlorides Unsorted Yes Yes

68909-77-3 Ethanol, 2,2'-oxybis-, reaction products with ammonia, morpholine derivative residues Reaction products Yes

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

62 CAS registry number Chemical name Chemical group CEPA 1999 Schedule 1 PSL U.S. HPV ICCA list 2003 HC/EC pilot

68915-97-9 Gas oils (petroleum), straight-run, high-boiling Petroleums Yes

68919-37-9 Naphtha (petroleum), fullrange reformed Petroleums Yes

68937-41-7 Phenol, isopropylated, phosphate (3:1) Phenolics Yes Yes

68951-67-7 Alcohols, C14–15, ethoxylated Alcohols & ethoxylated products 68953-58-2 Quaternary ammonium compounds, bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl)dimethyl, salts with bentonite Quaternary ammonium & tallow derivatives Yes Yes

68955-35-1 Naphtha (petroleum), catalytic reformed Petroleums Yes

68955-53-3 Amines, C12–14-tert-alkyl Amines, amides; tallow derivatives Yes

68990-53-4 Glycerides, C14–22 mono- Biologicals Yes 69430-24-6 Cyclosiloxanes, diMe Silicones & siloxanes 70131-50-9 Bentonite, acid-leached Unsorted Yes 70131-67-8 Siloxanes and silicones, diMe, hydroxy-terminated Silicones & siloxanes 70592-78-8 Distillates (petroleum),

vacuum Petroleums Yes

70693-06-0 Aromatic hydrocarbons, C9– 11 Petroleums Yes Yes

70914-12-4 Siloxanes and silicones, diMe, 3-hydroxypropyl Me, ethers with polyethylene glycol acetate Silicones & siloxanes

93763-70-3 Perlite, expanded Unsorted 112926-00-8 Silica gel, pptd., cryst.-free Silicones & siloxanes 112945-52-5 Silica, amorphous, fumed, cryst.-free Silicones & siloxanes
Note: EC = Environment Canada; HC = Health Canada.

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

63 Appendix B: Tables of Functional Use Codes, Industrial Sector Codes and Quantity Codes

Table B1: Use codes for DSL report forms

Special Use Codes 00 Research and development 01 Site-limited substance Functional Use Codes 02 Absorbent/adsorbent 03 Abrasive 04 Adhesive/binder/sealant/filler 05 Analytical reagent 06 Antifreeze/coolant/deicer 07 Antioxidant/corrosion inhibitor/tarnish inhibitor/scavanger/antiscaling agent 08 Catalyst/accelerator/initiator/activator 09 Catalyst support/chromatography support 10 Chemical intermediate - organic 11 Chemical intermediate - inorganic, organometallic 12 Coagulant/coalescent 13 Colorant - pigment/stain/dye/ink 14 Defoamer/emulsion breaker 15 Drilling mud additive/oil recovery agent/oil well treating agent 16 Fertilizer 17 Finishing agent 18 Flame retardant/fire extinguishing agent 19 Flocculating/precipitating/clarifying agent 20 Flotation agent 21 Formulation component 22 Fragrance/perfume/deodourizer/flavouring agent 23 Fuel/fuel additive 24 Functional fluid, i.e., hydraulic, dielectric, or their additives 25 Humectant/dewatering aid/dehumidifier/dehydrating agent 26 Ion exchange agent 27 Lubricating agent/lubricant additive/mould release agent
28 Monomer 29 Oxidizing agent 30 Paint/coating additive 31 Pesticide/herbicide/biocide/disinfectant/repellant/attractant 32 Photosensitive agent - fluorescent agent/brightener/UV absorber 33 Plasticizer 34 Polymer additive 35 Polymer, component of an article

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

64 36 Polymer, component of a formulation 37 Polymer, crosslinking agent 38 Propellant/blowing agent 39 Preservative 40 Processing aid 41 Reducing agent 42 Refrigerant 43 Sequestering agent 44 Solvent/carrier 45 Stripper/etcher/discharge printing agent/de-inker 46 Surfactant – detergent/emulsifier/wetting agent/dispersant 47 Tarnish remover/rust remover/descaling agent 48 Viscosity adjuster 49 Water repellant/drainage aid 50 Water or waste treatment chemical 51 Function other than that listed in codes 02 to 50 Industrial Sector Codes 52 Adhesive and sealant production 53 Agriculture, field crops 54 Agriculture, other 55 Article manufacture 56 Automotive, aircraft and watercraft 57 Biotechnology 58 Chlor-alkali 59 Construction materials 60 Cosmetics 61 Electrical or electronic products 62 Explosive materials 63 Fertilizer 64 Forestry/wood products/wood treatment 65 Food, feed, and beverage 66 Health and veterinary 67 Industrial gas production 68 Inorganic chemicals 69 Magnetic tape manufacture 70 Leather/tanning 71 Metallurgical 72 Mining, metal and non-metal 73 Non-metallic mineral products, abrasive 74 Non-metallic mineral products, ceramic and glass 75 Non-metallic mineral products, other 76 Organic chemicals, industrial

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

65 77 Organic chemicals, speciality 78 Organometallic chemicals 79 Packaging 80 Paint and coating 81 Pest control products/formulating and manufacture 82 Petroleum and natural gas 83 Pharmaceuticals 84 Photographic/photocopier 85 Pigment, dye and printing ink 86 Plastics 87 Plastic and synthetic resin 88 Plating and surface finishing 89 Printing and publishing 90 Pulp and paper 91 Refined petroleum and coal products 92 Rubber products 93 Soap and cleaning products 94 Textile, primary manufacture 95 Textile, product 96 Transportation 97 Water and waste treatment 98 Used in an industry other than those specified in codes 51–97

Table B2: Quantity codes (1986 data)

Quantity code Quantity range (kg) A Under 100
B 100 – 1 000 C 1 000 – 10 000
D 10 000 – 100 000
E 100 000 – 1 000 000
F 1 000 000 – 10 000 000 G over 10 000 000 N Nil a

a Substance does not meet eligibility criteria in 1986, but did meet eligibility criteria in 1984 or 1985.

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

66 Appendix C: Development of the Use Code I ndices and Ranking of Functional Use and Industrial Sector Codes for “Potential for Human Exposure”

Workshops to Consider DSL Use Codes

Two workshops were held to consider the use of functional use and industrial sector codes as indicators of “potential for human exposure.” Participants in the first workshop, which was held on May 30, 2001, were government personnel involved in human health and environmental assessment. Participants in the second workshop, held on October 18, 2002, were industry representatives familiar with the manufacture and use of the substances on the DSL. Procedures in the second workshop were identical to those in the first, and the reports of both are available as supporting documentation to this proposal.

The objective of the workshops was to investigate the premise that some qualitative indication of the potential human exposure to a specific DSL substance can be inferred by consideration of some or all of the specific use codes reported by companies that were importing, manufacturing or using that substance when the DSL was compiled. Relevant background information was provided, and the participants were asked to evaluate whether the DSL functional use and industrial sector codes could reasonably be expected to represent “greatest,” “intermediate” or “least” potential for human expos ure, on the basis of “expert judgement” when evaluated against predefined criteria. The degrees of consensus concerning the potential for human exposure that might be inferred by each of the codes were determined by post-workshop analyses of worksheets completed by the participants, and an “exposure index” ranking for each substance on the DSL was established on this basis.

Ranking of the Use Codes

Based on preliminary inspection of the results from the two workshops, there were similarities between the combined ranking of the two expert groups. To investigate this similarity, paired ranking data were compared statistically using a chi-squared test. The results of this test indicated that for the 49 functional use codes ranked, 13 were ranked differently between the two workshops at the p = 0.05 level, and 0 were ranked differently at the p = 0.01 level. Similarly, for the 46 industrial sector codes ranked, 8 were ranked differently at the p = 0.05 level, with 1 being ranked differently at the p = 0.01 level. These differences can be ascribed to two factors:

• different numbers of participants in the two workshops (20 attendees at the government workshop and 13 attendees at the industry workshop); and

• different interpretations of the criteria for “potential for exposure”; the industry participants seemed to focus more on “consumer product” exposure, whereas the government participants interpreted the criteria more generally.

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

67 Overall, 21 of 95 codes evaluated were ranked differently at the p = 0.05 level, and only 1 of 95 was ranked differently at the p = 0.01 level. Based on the similarity of the remainder of the rankings (74 of 95), the results from the two workshops were combined.

Scaling factors were then assigned to each level of potential for exposure, namely 1 for “least,” 10 for “intermediate” and 100 for “greatest.” These factors were chosen to reflect the appropriate relative variation in exposure represented by the different categories. The results for each functional use and industrial sector code were then calculated and normalized to the number of workshop participants. Using this approach, the highest possible ranking would be 100 and the lowest 0. For example, if the survey results for a code were 10 “least’s”, 10 “intermediate’s” and 13 “greatest’s”, the score would be:

(10 ×1) + (10 × 10) + (13 × 100) = 1410

least intermediate greatest
The 1410 score was then divided by 33 (the number of workshop participants) to arrive at a final ranking index of 42.7. The overall ranking indices calculated for each functional use or industrial sector code are listed below.

For use (U), all 22 264 substances on the DSL were ranked in descending order on the basis of their sums of normalized indices of expert-ranked functional use and industrial sector codes for each substance. The sum of the use indices for each substance ranged from 13 227 to 0.

Table C1: Ranking of functional use and industria l sector codes for “potential for human exposure”

Use code Description Ranking index Normalized use code index Functional use 22 Fragrance/perfume/deodourizer/flavouring agent 3120 94.55 46 Surfactant - detergent/emulsifie r/wetting agent/dispersant 2850 86.36 44 Solvent/carrier 2670 80.91 23 Fuel/fuel additive 2580 78.18 31 Pesticide/herbicide/biocide/disinfectant/repellant/
attractant 2580 78.18

39 Preservative 2571 77.91 30 Paint/coating additive 2283 69.18 13 Colourant - pigment/stain/dye/ink 2202 66.73 16 Fertilizer 1842 55.82 04 Adhesive/binder/sealant/filler 1806 54.73 21 Formulation component 1734 52.55 35 Polymer, component of an article 1716 52.00 32 Photosensitive agent - fluorescent agent/brightener/UV absorber 1599 48.45

06 Antifreeze/coolant/deicer 1455 44.09 50 Water or waste treatment chemical 1446 43.82 18 Flame retardant/fire extinguishing agent 1410 42.73

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

68 Use code Description Ranking index Normalized use code index 33 Plasticizer 1401 42.45 27 Lubricating agent/lubricant additive/mould release agent 1347 40.82 38 Propellant/blowing agent 1311 39.73 47 Tarnish remover/rust remover/descaling agent 1068 32.36 02 Absorbent/adsorbent 1023 31.00 03 Abrasive 1023 31.00 17 Finishing agent 933 28.27 36 Polymer, component of a formulation 897 27.18 45 Stripper/etcher/discharge printing agent/de-inker 834 25.27 07 Antioxidant/corrosion inhibitor/tarnish inhibitor/ scavenger/antiscaling agent 816 24.73

49 Water repellant/drainage aid 708 21.45 12 Coagulant/coalescent 645 19.55 29 Oxidizing agent 627 19.00 25 Humectant/dewatering aid/dehumidifier/dehydrating agent 609 18.45

43 Sequestering agent 609 18.45 28 Monomer 591 17.91 48 Viscosity adjuster 582 17.64 14 Defoamer/emulsion breaker 564 17.09 24 Functional fluid, i.e., hydraulic, dielectric, or their derivatives 564 17.09

34 Polymer additive 492 14.91 37 Polymer, crosslinking agent 492 14.91 19 Flocculating/precipitating/clarifying agent 420 12.73 42 Refrigerant 393 11.91 41 Reducing agent 321 9.73 40 Processing aid 276 8.36 20 Flotation agent 204 6.18 05 Analytical reagent 159 4.82 08 Catalyst/accelerator/initiator/activator 87 2.64 26 Ion exchange agent 87 2.64 11 Chemical intermediate - inorganic, organometallic 69 2.09 10 Chemical intermediate - organic 60 1.82 15 Drilling mud additive/oil recovery agent/oil well treating agent 60 1.82

09 Catalyst support/chromatography support 42 1.27 Industrial sector 93 Soap and cleaning products 2641 85.19 53 Agriculture, field crops 2551 82.29 82 Petroleum and natural gas 2443 78.81 60 Cosmetics 2272 73.29 65 Food, feed, and beverage 2254 72.71 81 Pest control products, formulating and manufacture 2182 70.39 91 Refined petroleum and coal products 2101 67.77 63 Fertilizer 2101 67.77 64 Forestry/wood products/wood treatment 2074 66.90 97 Water and waste treatment 2002 64.58

### Priority Setting for Existing Substances: Greatest Potential for Human Exposure

69 Use code Description Ranking index Normalized use code index 54 Agriculture, other 1957 63.13 83 Pharmaceuticals 1903 61.39 96 Transportation 1786 57.61 80 Paint and coating 1714 55.29 90 Pulp and paper 1615 52.10 59 Construction materials 1525 49.19 58 Chlor-alkali 1435 46.29 66 Health and veterinary 1399 45.13 95 Textile, product 1381 44.55 89 Printing and publishing 1372 44.26 70 Leather/tanning 1165 37.58 67 Industrial gas production 1165 37.58 68 Inorganic chemicals 1147 37.00 72 Mining, metal and non-metal 1129 36.42 57 Biotechnology 1093 35.26 86 Plastics 1084 34.97 92 Rubber products 967 31.19 85 Pigment, dye and printing ink 967 31.19 56 Automotive, aircraft and watercraft 931 30.03 79 Packaging 931 30.03 87 Plastic and synthetic resin 913 29.45 78 Organometallic chemicals 814 26.26 94 Textile, primary manufacture 796 25.68 76 Organic chemicals, industrial 778 25.10 61 Electrical or electronic products 679 21.90 88 Plating and surface finishing 652 21.03 71 Metallurgical 652 21.03 74 Non-metallic mineral products, ceramic and glass 634 20.45 84 Photographic/photocopier 598 19.29 77 Organic chemicals, speciality 571 18.42 75 Non-metallic mineral products, other 436 14.06 73 Non-metallic mineral products, abrasive 436 14.06 55 Article manufacture 409 13.19 69 Magnetic tape manufacture 364 11.74 52 Adhesive and sealant production 328 10.58 62 Explosive materials 301 9.71