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[Congressional Bills 103th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1465 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

103d CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 1465

   To amend certain education laws regarding gender equity training, 
        dropout prevention, and gender equity research and data.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

           September 15 (legislative day, September 7), 1993

  Mr. Harkin (for himself, Mr. Kennedy, Ms. Mikulski, Mr. Simon, Ms. 
 Moseley-Braun, Mr. Sarbanes, Mr. Inouye, Mrs. Boxer, and Mrs. Murray) 
introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the 
                 Committee on Labor and Human Resources

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
   To amend certain education laws regarding gender equity training, 
        dropout prevention, and gender equity research and data.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Gender Equity in 
Education Amendments of 1993''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
Sec. 2. Findings; purpose.
Sec. 3. Teacher training.
Sec. 4. Dropout prevention programs.
Sec. 5. Research and data.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS; PURPOSE.

    (a) Findings.--The Congress finds that--
            (1) gender bias is widespread in educational programs and 
        processes in the United States, and most such inequities have a 
        disproportionately negative impact on women and girls;
            (2) efforts to improve the quality of public education and 
        achieve the National Education Goals will fail unless gender 
        bias is eliminated from our Nation's schools;
            (3) gender equity training is one of the most effective 
        means of eliminating inequitable practices in our Nation's 
        schools;
            (4) pregnant and parenting teenagers are inadequately 
        served by existing dropout prevention programs and need dropout 
        prevention programs targeted to their special needs; and
            (5) effective design of Federal education programs to 
        eliminate gender bias and inequity depends on research and data 
        collection that adequately describes and explains the impact of 
        such programs for all students, and further research on gender 
        issues is needed.
    (b) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this Act--
            (1) to assist and enable schools to eliminate gender 
        inequity in educational policies and practices by encouraging 
        attention to gender equity in all federally funded education 
        programs;
            (2) to improve Federal programs to meet the special 
        educational needs of women and girls by targeting pregnant and 
        parenting teenagers in dropout prevention programs; and
            (3) to increase attention to gender issues in Federal 
        education research.

SEC. 3. TEACHER TRAINING.

    The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (hereafter in 
this section referred to as the ``Act'') (20 U.S.C. 2701 et seq.) is 
amended--
            (1) in section 1011(a)(2) (20 U.S.C. 2721(a)(2)), by 
        inserting ``the training of teachers, librarians, counselors, 
        and other instructional and pupil services personnel regarding 
        gender-equitable teaching methods, techniques and practices; 
        the evaluation of the degree of gender equity in the programs 
        and projects assisted under this chapter;'' after ``school 
        year);'';
            (2) in section 1011(b) (20 U.S.C. 2721(b))--
                    (A) in paragraph (6), by striking ``and'' after the 
                semicolon;
                    (B) in paragraph (7), by striking the period and 
                inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraph:
            ``(8) training of parents, teachers, and other 
        instructional and pupil services personnel regarding the impact 
        of gender-role socialization on the educational needs of 
        eligible children, and the use of gender-equitable teaching 
        methods, techniques and practices.'';
            (3) in section 1015(b)(4) (20 U.S.C. 2725(b)(4)), by 
        inserting ``, including training regarding the impact of 
        gender-role socialization on learning, and the use of gender-
        equitable teaching methods, techniques and practices'' after 
        ``the plan'';
            (4) in section 1016(a)(3) (20 U.S.C. 2726(a)(3)), by 
        inserting ``, including training regarding the impact of 
        gender-role socialization on learning, and the use of gender-
        equitable teaching methods, techniques and practices'' before 
        the period;
            (5) in section 1054(b)(4) (20 U.S.C. 2744(b)(4)), by 
        inserting ``, including training regarding the impact of 
        gender-role socialization on learning, and the use of gender-
        equitable teaching methods, techniques and practices'' before 
        the semicolon;
            (6) in section 1531(b) (20 U.S.C. 2941(b))--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (6) and (7) as 
                paragraphs (7) and (8), respectively; and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following 
                new paragraph:
            ``(6) programs designed to promote gender equity in 
        education by eliminating gender bias in instruction and 
        educational materials, identifying and analyzing gender 
        inequities in education, and implementing and evaluating 
        educational policies and practices designed to achieve gender 
        equity, including--
                    ``(A) training in gender-equitable instruction for 
                teachers and other instructional personnel; and
                    ``(B) community education programs to enhance the 
                leadership and academic skills of girls and young 
                women;'';
            (7) in section 1532(a) (20 U.S.C. 2942(a))--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' after the 
                semicolon;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph 
                (4); and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following 
                new paragraph:
            ``(3) evaluation of the degree of gender equity in the 
        programs, projects and activities assisted under this subpart; 
        and'';
            (8) in section 4104(b) (20 U.S.C. 3064(b))--
                    (A) in paragraph (4), by striking ``and'' after the 
                semicolon;
                    (B) in paragraph (5)(B), by striking the period and 
                inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraph:
            ``(6) training of personnel involved in gifted and talented 
        programs regarding the impact of gender-role socialization on 
        the educational needs of gifted and talented children, and the 
        use of gender-equitable teaching methods, techniques and 
        practices.'';
            (9) in section 4601(a)(2) (20 U.S.C. 3151(a)(2))--
                    (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' after 
                the semicolon;
                    (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period and 
                inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                subparagraph:
                    ``(E) carry out programs for teachers, librarians, 
                counselors, and other instructional and pupil services 
                personnel regarding--
                            ``(i) the impact of gender-role 
                        socialization on learning;
                            ``(ii) the use of gender-equitable 
                        education methods, techniques and practices; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) leadership training for girls and 
                        young women.''; and
            (10) in section 4604(b) (20 U.S.C. 3154(b))--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``or'' after the 
                semicolon;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph 
                (4); and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following 
                new paragraph:
            ``(3) training programs for teachers and instructional 
        personnel regarding the impact of gender-role socialization on 
        computer learning styles, and the use of gender-equitable 
        methods, techniques and practices for computer-based 
        instruction; or''.

SEC. 4. DROPOUT PREVENTION PROGRAMS.

    (a) Reservation of Funds for Pregnant and Parenting Teenagers.--
Section 6007(a) of the School Dropout Demonstration Assistance Act of 
1988 (20 U.S.C. 3247(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period and inserting 
        ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(5) not less than 25 percent of the amount available for 
        grants in each fiscal year is used for programs specifically 
        designed to serve pregnant and parenting teenagers.''.
    (b) Applications.--
            (1) School dropout demonstration assistance act of 1988.--
        Section 6005 of the School Dropout Demonstration Assistance Act 
        of 1988 (20 U.S.C. 3245) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (b)--
                            (i) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``, 
                        which system shall collect and cross tabulate 
                        data, where feasible, by sex, according to race 
                        or ethnicity and socioeconomic status'' after 
                        ``problem'';
                            (ii) in paragraph (4)(I), by striking 
                        ``and'' after the semicolon;
                            (iii) by redesignating paragraph (5) as 
                        paragraph (6); and
                            (iv) by inserting after paragraph (4) the 
                        following new paragraph:
            ``(5) describe the methods used to ensure gender-equitable 
        instruction in the programs supported under this part; and''; 
        and
                    (B) in subsection (d)--
                            (i) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and'' 
                        after the semicolon;
                            (ii) in paragraph (2), by striking the 
                        period and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following 
                        new paragraph:
            ``(3) demonstrations of the greatest degree of effort to 
        promote gender equity and to incorporate gender-equitable 
        instruction into the activities assisted under this part.''.
            (2) Secondary schools basic skills demonstration assistance 
        act of 1988.--Section 6106(b) of the Secondary Schools Basic 
        Skills Demonstration Assistance Act of 1988 (20 U.S.C. 3266(b)) 
        is amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (9), by striking ``and'' after the 
                semicolon;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (10) as paragraph 
                (11); and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (9) the following 
                new paragraph:
            ``(10) a description of the methods used to ensure gender-
        equitable instruction in the programs assisted under this part; 
        and''.
    (c) Dropout Prevention.--
            (1) Purpose.--Paragraph (4) of section 6002 of the Act (20 
        U.S.C. 3242(4)) is amended by inserting ``sex, race or 
        ethnicity,'' after ``ages''.
            (2) Authorized activities.--Section 6006(a) of the School 
        Dropout Demonstration Assistance Act of 1988 (20 U.S.C. 
        3246(a)) is amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (13), by striking ``and'' after 
                the semicolon;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (14) as paragraph 
                (15); and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (13) the following 
                new paragraph:
            ``(14) the development and implementation of efforts to 
        identify and address factors in a student's decision to drop 
        out of school that are related to gender and family roles; 
        and''.
    (d) Even Start.--
            (1) Use of funds.--Section 1054(a) of the Act (20 U.S.C. 
        2744(a)) is amended by inserting ``obtain educational skills 
        and'' after ``help parents''.
            (2) Eligible participants.--Section 1055(a)(1) of the Act 
        (20 U.S.C. 2745(a)(1)) is amended by inserting ``, or pregnant 
        or parenting teenagers, including such teenagers who are 
        enrolled in secondary school'' before the semicolon.
            (3) Applications.--Section 1056(c)(5)(B) of the Act (20 
        U.S.C. 2746(c)(5)(B)) is amended by striking ``and individuals 
        with handicaps'' and inserting ``, individuals with 
        disabilities, and teenage parents''.
            (4) Award of grants.--Section 1057(a)(1) of the Act (20 
        U.S.C. 2747(a)) is amended--
                    (A) in subparagraph (F), by striking ``and'' after 
                the semicolon;
                    (B) in subparagraph (G), by striking the period and 
                inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraph:
                    ``(H) demonstrate the greatest degree of effort to 
                promote gender equity and to incorporate gender-
                equitable instruction into the activities assisted 
                under this part.''.
    (e) Local Targeted Assistance.--Section 1531(b) of the Act (20 
U.S.C. 2941(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (6), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (7) as paragraph (8); and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following new 
        paragraph:
            ``(7) programs for pregnant or parenting teenagers; and''.
    (f) Drug-Free Schools and Communities.--
            (1) Findings.--Subparagraph (C) of section 5122(b)(2) of 
        the Act (20 U.S.C. 3192(b)(2)(C)) is amended to read as 
        follows:
                    ``(C) is pregnant or is a parent;''.
            (2) Local drug abuse education and prevention programs.--
        Section 5125(a) of the Act (20 U.S.C. 3195(a)) is amended--
                    (A) in paragraph (15), by striking ``and'' after 
                the semicolon;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (16) as paragraph 
                (17); and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (15) the following 
                new paragraph:
            ``(16) drug abuse prevention and intervention counseling 
        targeting pregnant and parenting teenagers; and''.
            (3) Local applications.--Section 5126(a)(2) of the Act (20 
        U.S.C. 3196(a)(2)) is amended--
                    (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (P) and (Q) as 
                subparagraphs (Q) and (R), respectively; and
                    (B) by inserting after subparagraph (O) the 
                following new subparagraph:
                    ``(P) describe how, to the extent practicable, 
                assistance provided under this part will be used to 
                provide drug-abuse education, counseling and 
                intervention services to high-risk youth as such term 
                is defined in section 5122(b)(2);''.

SEC. 5. RESEARCH AND DATA.

    (a) Research and Data.--
            (1) General education provisions act.--The General 
        Education Provisions Act (20 U.S.C. 1221 et seq.) is amended--
                    (A) in section 406--
                            (i) in subsection (b)(6) (20 U.S.C. 1221e-
                        1(b))--
                                    (I) in subparagraph (F), by 
                                striking ``and'' after the semicolon;
                                    (II) in subparagraph (G), by 
                                striking the period and inserting ``; 
                                and''; and
                                    (III) by adding at the end the 
                                following new subparagraph:
                    ``(H) the proportions of women and men, cross-
                tabulated by race and ethnicity, teaching in subjects 
                in which such individuals have been historically 
                underrepresented.'';
                            (ii) in paragraph (7) of section 406(c) (20 
                        U.S.C. 1221e-1(c))--
                                    (I) by inserting ``(A)'' before 
                                ``The Council''; and
                                    (II) by adding at the end the 
                                following new subparagraph:
            ``(B) In carrying out the provisions of subparagraph (A), 
        the Council shall ensure that a high priority is assigned to 
        gender issues in conducting Federal education research, and 
        shall ensure that education statistics and data, whenever 
        feasible, be collected, analyzed, cross-tabulated and reported 
        by sex, according to race or ethnicity and socioeconomic 
        status.''; and
                    (B) in section 422 (20 U.S.C. 1231a), by adding at 
                the end the following new subsection:
    ``(d) All statistics and other data collected and reported under 
this section shall, whenever feasible, be collected, cross-tabulated, 
analyzed, and reported by sex, according to race or ethnicity and 
socioeconomic status. In the event that the Secretary determines that 
such statistics or data collection and analysis reveals no significant 
differences among such categories, the Secretary shall include in the 
relevant report incorporating such statistics or data an explanation of 
such determination.''.
            (2) Elementary and secondary education act of 1965.--The 
        Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 2701 
        et seq.) is amended--
                    (A) in section 1015(e)(3) (20 U.S.C. 2725(e)(3)), 
                by adding after the first sentence the following new 
                sentence: ``Schools shall assign a high priority to 
                gender issues in collecting such data, and whenever 
                feasible, such data shall be collected, analyzed, 
                cross-tabulated and reported by sex, according to race 
                or ethnicity and socioeconomic status.'';
                    (B) in section 1021 (20 U.S.C. 2731)--
                            (i) in subsection (a)--
                                    (I) by redesignating paragraphs (3) 
                                and (4) as paragraphs (4) and (5), 
                                respectively; and
                                    (II) by inserting after paragraph 
                                (2) the following new paragraph:
            ``(3) determine whether improved student performance under 
        paragraph (1) has been achieved for both male and female 
        students, cross-tabulated by age and race or ethnicity;''; and
                            (ii) in subsection (b)--
                                    (I) by redesignating paragraph (2) 
                                as paragraph (3); and
                                    (II) by inserting after paragraph 
                                (1) the following new paragraph:
            ``(2) In the case of a local educational agency which 
        determines pursuant to subsection (a)(3) that a substantial 
        difference in the participation or achievement of students by 
        sex exists, such agency shall include in the plan submitted in 
        accordance with paragraph (1)(A) a description of planned 
        efforts to implement gender equity training for the personnel 
        of such agency.'';
                    (C) in section 1106 (20 U.S.C. 2765a), by adding at 
                the end the following new subsection:
    ``(d) Information.--The information contained in such reports and 
the information base shall be collected, cross-tabulated and reported 
by sex, according to race or ethnicity and socioeconomic status.'';
                    (D) in section 1573(c)(1) (20 U.S.C. 2973(c)(1)), 
                by adding at the end the following new sentence: 
                ``Whenever feasible, such data shall be collected, 
                cross-tabulated and reported by sex, according to race 
                or ethnicity and socioeconomic status.'';
                    (E) in section 5127(a)(3)(D) (20 U.S.C. 
                3197(a)(3)(D)), by inserting ``, including, whenever 
                feasible, data that is collected, cross-tabulated and 
                reported by sex, according to race or ethnicity and 
                socioeconomic status'' before the semicolon; and
                    (F) in section 6201(d) (20 U.S.C. 3271(d)), by 
                adding at the end the following new sentence: 
                ``Whenever feasible, data collected for such 
                evaluations shall be cross-tabulated and reported by 
                sex, according to race or ethnicity and socioeconomic 
                status.''.
    (b) Office of Educational Research and Improvement.--Section 405 of 
the General Education Provisions Act (20 U.S.C. 1221e) is amended by 
adding at the end the following new subsections:
    ``(g) The Office shall conduct special studies to assess the impact 
and effectiveness of Federal, State, and local efforts to provide a 
gender-equitable education to elementary and secondary school students.
    ``(h) The Secretary shall, by grant, contract or cooperative 
agreement, provide for special studies to assess progress in the 
achievement of gender equity in elementary and secondary education as a 
result of the implementation of the provisions of the Gender Equity in 
Education Amendments of 1993. The results of such studies shall include 
recommendations for improving gender equity programs in elementary and 
secondary education.''.

                                 <all>

S 1465 IS----2
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