II

103D CONGRESS

1ST SESSION S. 1545

To authorize appropriations for environmental research, development, and

demonstration for fiscal years 1994 through 1996, and for other purposes.

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

OCTOBER 14 (legislative day, OCTOBER 13), 1993

Mr. REID (for himself and Mr. LIEBERMAN) introduced the following bill;

which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Environment and

Public Works

A BILL

To authorize appropriations for environmental research, development, and demonstration for fiscal years 1994

through 1996, and for other purposes.

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the

5 ‘‘Environmental Research, Development, and Demonstra6 tion Authorization Act of 1993’’.

7 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents of

8 this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.

Sec. 2. Definitions.
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Sec. 3. General authorization.

Sec. 4. Fundamental research programs.

Sec. 5. Experimental program to stimulate competitive research.

Sec. 6. Environmental Research and Demonstration Act language for

NHEXAS.

Sec. 7. Research on international environmental problems.

Sec. 8. Pesticide research.

Sec. 9. National Arid Climate Ground Water Research Center.

Sec. 10. Environmental monitoring and assessment program.

Sec. 11. Modernization program.

Sec. 12. Repeal of 5-year research report requirement.

Sec. 13. Science Advisory Board.

Sec. 14. Miscellaneous authorization for cooperative agreements.

Sec. 15. Research accomplishments report.

Sec. 16. Technology transfer and information exchange.

Sec. 17. Research to support the evaluation of health and ecological risk.

Sec. 18. Lead research program.

Sec. 19. Risk assessment research priorities.

Sec. 20. Report on opportunities for defense technology transfer in development

of environmentally sensitive products.

Sec. 21. Financial assistance for research on drinking water disinfection.

Sec. 22. Purchase of American-made equipment and products.

1 SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

2 As used in this Act:

3 (1) ADMINISTRATOR.—The term ‘‘Adminis4 trator’’ means the Administrator of the Environ5 mental Protection Agency.

6 (2) AGENCY.—The term ‘‘Agency’’ means the

7 Environmental Protection Agency.

8 (3) SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD.—The term

9 ‘‘Science Advisory Board’’ means the Science Advi10 sory Board established under section 8 of the Envi11 ronmental Research, Development, Demonstration

12 Authorization Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 4361).

13 SEC. 3. GENERAL AUTHORIZATION.

14 (a) ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT,

15 AND DEMONSTRATION.—
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1 (1) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be

2 appropriated for—

3 (A) environmental research, development,

4 and demonstration activities; and

5 (B) program management and support of

6 the Office of Research and Development,

7 to the Agency $475,400,000 for fiscal year 1994,

8 $520,000,000 for fiscal year 1995, and

9 $575,000,000 for fiscal year 1996.

10 (2) AUTHORIZATIONS OF PROGRAMS AND AC11 TIVITIES.—Of the amounts specified in paragraph

12 (1), amounts not to exceed the following amounts

13 shall be used by the Administrator for the following

14 purposes:

15 (A) For air-related research—

16 (i) $126,000,000 for fiscal year 1994;

17 (ii) $119,000,000 for fiscal year 1995;

18 and

19 (iii) $125,000,000 for fiscal year

20 1996.

21 (B) For water-related research—

22 (i) $49,000,000 for fiscal year 1994;

23 (ii) $45,300,000 for fiscal year 1995;

24 and

25 (iii) $48,000,000 for fiscal year 1996.
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1 (C) For toxic chemical-related research—

2 (i) $76,000,000 for fiscal year 1994;

3 (ii) $74,900,000 for fiscal year 1995;

4 and

5 (iii) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 1996.

6 (D) For laboratory and field expenses—

7 (i) $49,000,000 for fiscal year 1994;

8 (ii) $47,400,000 for fiscal year 1995;

9 and

10 (iii) $54,400,000 for fiscal year 1996.

11 (E) For headquarters expenses—

12 (i) $5,400,000 for fiscal year 1994;

13 (ii) $5,400,000 for fiscal year 1995;

14 and

15 (iii) $5,500,000 for fiscal year 1996.

16 (F) For multimedia-related research ex17 penses—

18 (i) $163,000,000, for fiscal year 1994;

19 (ii) $225,000,000 for fiscal year 1995;

20 and

21 (iii) $260,000,000 for fiscal year

22 1996.

23 (G) For program management expenses—

24 (i) $7,000,000 for fiscal year 1994;
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1 (ii) $7,000,000 for fiscal year 1995;

2 and

3 (iii) $7,100,000 for fiscal year 1996.

4 (3) EFFECT ON OTHER AUTHORIZATION.—

5 Nothing in this Act is intended to affect amounts

6 authorized for each of fiscal years 1994 through

7 1996 for Superfund research activities as authorized

8 by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization

9 Act of 1986 (Public Law 99–499; 100 Stat. 1613 et

10 seq.) and the amendments made by such Act.

11 (b) LIMITATION ON CLOSING OFFICES AND REDUC12 TIONS-IN-FORCE.—The Administrator shall not—

13 (1)(A) close any field station, regional office,

14 laboratory, or other research center; or

15 (B) permit any reduction-in-force; and

16 (2) finalize any closing or reduction,

17 unless at least 30 days prior to the issuing of a general

18 notice of the closing or reduction, the Administrator pro19 vides to the appropriate legislative and appropriations

20 committees of Congress written notice of the reasons for

21 the closing or reduction, the impact of the closing or re22 duction on the ability of the Administrator to carry out

23 this Act, the details of the reduction or closing, and other

24 information that the Administrator determines pertinent.
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1 (c) AVAILABILITY.—Funds made available by appro2 priations pursuant to the authority provided by this Act

3 shall remain available for obligation or expenditure for

4 such periods as may be specified by Congress in making

5 the appropriations.

6 (d) LIMITATION ON APPROPRIATIONS.—Notwith7 standing any other provision of this Act, except as pro8 vided in section 21, no funds are authorized to be appro9 priated for any fiscal year after fiscal year 1996 for carry10 ing out the programs and activities for which funds are

11 authorized by this Act, or the amendments made by this

12 Act.

13 SEC. 4. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH PROGRAMS.

14 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—

15 (1) IN GENERAL.—In addition to providing re16 search support for the regulatory needs of the pro17 gram offices of the Agency, the Administrator shall

18 establish separately identified research programs

19 consisting of fundamental ecological, health, and risk

20 reduction research.

21 (2) PURPOSE OF RESEARCH.—The research re22 ferred to in paragraph (1) shall be undertaken for

23 the purpose of generating fundamental knowledge

24 necessary to support efforts to identify, assess, and

25 mitigate serious environmental risks.
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1 (b) AUTHORITY.—

2 (1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the fun3 damental research programs established under sub4 section (a), the Administrator may support research

5 concerning—

6 (A) environmental processes and trends;

7 (B) the identification and assessment of

8 potential risks to human health and the envi9 ronment; and

10 (C) approaches to prevent and reduce the

11 risks.

12 (2) ACTIVITIES OF THE ADMINISTRATOR.—The

13 Administrator is authorized to establish, acquire,

14 and maintain resources, expertise, and facilities nec15 essary for the advancement of the fundamental re16 search programs established pursuant to subsection

17 (a).

18 (c) REPORT OF THE ADMINISTRATOR.—Not later

19 than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, and

20 every 2 years thereafter, the Administrator shall prepare

21 and submit to Congress and the Science Advisory Board

22 a report that includes an assessment of the fundamental

23 research programs established pursuant to subsection (a).

24 (d) SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD.—
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1 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Science Advisory Board,

2 or a designated subcommittee of the Science Advi3 sory Board, shall—

4 (A) review the activities carried out by the

5 Administrator under the fundamental research

6 programs established under subsection (a);

7 (B)(i) make recommendations on the ap8 propriate balance between the fundamental re9 search and the programmatic research carried

10 out by the Administrator; and

11 (ii) not later than 2 years after making the

12 recommendations, and every 2 years thereafter,

13 update the recommendations; and

14 (C) make such other recommendations to

15 the Administrator with respect to the programs

16 established under subsection (a) as the Science

17 Advisory Board considers appropriate.

18 (2) REPORTS.—Not later than March 31, 1995,

19 and every 2 years thereafter, the Science Advisory

20 Board shall prepare and submit to the Adminis21 trator and to Congress a report that includes—

22 (A) an assessment of the most recent re23 port of the Administrator prepared pursuant to

24 subsection (c);
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1 (B) the results of a review undertaken pur2 suant to paragraph (1); and

3 (C) the recommendations (including any

4 updated recommendations) made by the Science

5 Advisory Board pursuant to paragraphs (2) and

6 (3).

7 (e) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 2 of the

8 Environmental Research, Development, and Demonstra9 tion Authorization Act of 1981 is amended by striking

10 subsection (f).

11 SEC. 5. EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM TO STIMULATE COM12 PETITIVE RESEARCH.

13 (a) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section:

14 (1) ELIGIBLE STATE.—The term ‘‘eligible

15 State’’ means a State that received a planning grant

16 from the Administrator to conduct an experimental

17 program to stimulate competitive research for fiscal

18 year 1991 or 1992.

19 (2) EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM.—The term ‘‘Ex20 perimental Program’’ means the Experimental Pro21 gram to Stimulate Competitive Research established

22 under subsection (b).

23 (b) EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM.—

24 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator, acting

25 through the Director, shall carry out an Experi-
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1 mental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research

2 as part of the research and development programs of

3 the Agency.

4 (2) PURPOSES.—The purposes of the Experi5 mental Program shall be—

6 (A) to enhance the competitiveness within

7 the peer-review system of investigators from

8 academic institutions in eligible States; and

9 (B) to increase the probability of long-term

10 growth of competitive funding to investigators

11 at institutions from eligible States.

12 (3) PROGRAM ACTIVITIES.—In order to carry

13 out the purposes declared in paragraph (2), the Di14 rector shall provide for program activities. The pro15 gram activities may include competitive research

16 awards, scientific infrastructure development, and

17 graduate traineeships.

18 (4) ASSISTANCE.—In carrying out the Experi19 mental Program, the Director shall provide assist20 ance to each eligible State that—

21 (A) historically has received a relatively

22 small amount of Federal research and develop23 ment funding; and

24 (B) has demonstrated a commitment to de25 velop the research base of the State and im-
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1 prove science and engineering research and edu2 cation programs at the institutions of higher

3 education of the State.

4 (c) GRADUATE TRAINEESHIPS.—Not more than 10

5 percent of the funds made available by appropriation to

6 carry out the Experimental Program for any fiscal year

7 may be used for graduate traineeships.

8 (d) FUNDING LEVELS.—For each of fiscal years

9 1994 through 1996, from the amounts authorized to be

10 appropriated under section 3(a)(1), the following amounts

11 may be used by the Administrator to carry out the re12 search programs authorized under this section:

13 (1) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1995.

14 (2) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 1996.

15 (3) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 1997.

16 SEC. 6. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND DEMONSTRA17 TION ACT LANGUAGE FOR NHEXAS.

18 (a) SURVEY DEFINED.—As used in this section, the

19 term ‘‘Survey’’ means the National Human Exposure As20 sessment Survey conducted by the Administrator pursuant

21 to this section.

22 (b) IN GENERAL.—

23 (1) NATIONAL HUMAN EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT

24 SURVEY.—The Administrator shall, in cooperation

25 with the heads of other Federal agencies, establish
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1 a National Human Exposure Assessment Survey to

2 monitor and assess the extent and characteristics of

3 human exposure to harmful chemical substances.

4 (2) ACTIVITIES OF THE ADMINISTRATOR.—In

5 carrying out the program described in paragraph

6 (1), the Administrator is authorized to—

7 (A) conduct research, monitoring, assess8 ment, and demonstrations activities;

9 (B) cooperate with the appropriate officials

10 of other Federal agencies, State governments,

11 other governments and nonprofit organizations,

12 and other persons;

13 (C) collect such samples from humans and

14 environmental sources as are necessary to carry

15 out this section in accordance with accepted

16 and prudent scientific practices;

17 (D) develop and apply such monitoring,

18 collection, and storage techniques as are nec19 essary to accomplish the purposes of this sec20 tion;

21 (E) provide such facilities, staff, and

22 equipment as are necessary to carry out this

23 section;

24 (F) use Federal laboratories and centers;
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1 (G) enter into a contract or cooperative

2 agreement with the appropriate official of a

3 Federal agency or department or agency of a

4 State or political subdivision of a State, or

5 other person; and

6 (H) provide the results of efforts under

7 this program to the persons referred to in sub8 paragraph (G).

9 (c) ISSUES.—At a minimum, in carrying out the Sur10 vey, the Administrator shall conduct or assist with re11 search, investigations, studies, surveys, or demonstrations

12 with respect to the following issues:

13 (1) The magnitude, duration, frequency, and

14 distribution of exposure to harmful chemical sub15 stances of the general population, identified geo16 graphic subunits, and groups that receive a high

17 level of exposure over time.

18 (2) Pathways of human exposure to harmful

19 chemical substances and a determination of which of

20 the pathways are most important.

21 (3) Exposure to harmful chemical substances

22 experienced by groups that are more biologically sus23 ceptible to harmful chemical substances than are

24 other groups in the general population.
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1 (4) Emission sources, activity patterns, life2 styles characteristics, and other appropriate expo3 sure factors and the relative degree of contribution

4 of the factors to human exposure to harmful chemi5 cal substances.

6 (5) Changes in exposure to harmful chemical

7 substances over time.

8 (6) The quantity of people exposed on a local,

9 regional, and national basis to harmful chemical

10 substances.

11 (7) With respect to harmful chemical sub12 stances, the relationship between exposure and dose

13 to target tissues including uptake, metabolism, stor14 age, and elimination of substances of concern.

15 (8) The link between exposures to harmful

16 chemical substances and manifestation of health ef17 fects.

18 (9) The effectiveness in achieving reductions in

19 exposure to harmful chemicals of control strategies

20 before the date of the survey.

21 (10) The development of quality assurance

22 methods and techniques to ensure the reliability and

23 accuracy of exposure monitoring and evaluation.

24 (11) The development of such data manage25 ment and storage facilities as are necessary to—
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1 (A) ensure a long-term record of monitor2 ing data; and

3 (B) provide access to the data by appro4 priate Federal agencies, State governments,

5 other governments, nonprofit organizations, and

6 other persons.

7 SEC. 7. RESEARCH ON INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL

8 PROBLEMS.

9 The Administrator is authorized to—

10 (1) conduct research on the nature and impacts

11 of international environmental problems and ways to

12 respond to the problems; and

13 (2) provide technical and other assistance to

14 foreign countries and international entities to im15 prove the quality of the environment.

16 SEC. 8. PESTICIDE RESEARCH.

17 (a) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section:

18 (1) FOOD.— The term ‘‘food’’ has the meaning

19 provided the term under section 201(f) of the Fed20 eral Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C.

21 321(f)).

22 (2) PESTICIDE.—The term ‘‘pesticide’’ has the

23 meaning provided the term under section 2(u) of the

24 Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act

25 (7 U.S.C. 136(u)).
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1 (b) PESTICIDE EXPOSURE MONITORING

2 PROJECTS.—

3 (1) IN GENERAL.—

4 (A) MONITORING METHODOLOGIES.—The

5 Administrator shall develop and implement ef6 fective monitoring methodologies for measuring

7 the level of pesticides in—

8 (i) ambient air;

9 (ii) ground water;

10 (iii) soil;

11 (iv) food;

12 (v) indoor air (in residential dwellings

13 and workplaces); and

14 (vi) surface water.

15 (B) PROTOCOLS.—In developing the meth16 odologies described in subparagraph (A), the

17 Administrator shall specify appropriate proto18 cols for the effective implementation of the

19 methodologies.

20 (C) REPRESENTATIVE PESTICIDES.—

21 (i) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator

22 shall give priority to representative pes23 ticides—

24 (I) from a broad variety of chem25 ical classifications; and
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1 (II) that are representative of

2 particular uses.

3 (ii) SELECTION OF SAMPLES.—In se4 lecting a sample of representative pes5 ticides under this subsection, the Adminis6 trator shall give priority to any pesticide

7 that is considered to pose a high level of

8 risk to human health.

9 (2) ROUTES OF EXPOSURE.—

10 (A) ASSESSMENT.—The Administrator

11 shall assess routes of human exposure to pes12 ticides.

13 (B) ROUTES OF EXPOSURE.—The Admin14 istrator shall address each route of exposure to

15 pesticides that the Administrator determines to

16 be a potential route of exposure through 1 or

17 more environmental media (as defined by the

18 Administrator).

19 (C) KNOWN PESTICIDES, USES, AND EXPO20 SURES.—In carrying out this paragraph, the

21 Administrator shall, to the extent practicable,

22 include research relating to all known pesticide

23 uses, and all individuals known to be exposed to

24 pesticides through exposure—

25 (i) in the workplace;
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1 (ii) in and around residential dwell2 ings;

3 (iii) associated with recreational and

4 sports activities (including golf); and

5 (iv) from food consumption.

6 (D) PRIORITY FOR STUDY.—In carrying

7 out this paragraph, the Administrator shall give

8 priority to the study of routes of exposure relat9 ed to any pesticide with a chemical classifica10 tion or use that is considered to pose a high

11 level of risk to human health.

12 (E) HEALTHY MONITORING OF DOMESTIC

13 ANIMAL SPECIES.—In carrying out this para14 graph, the Administrator may use health mon15 itoring of domestic animal species that are in

16 close association with humans in the evaluation

17 of levels of exposure and risk to human health.

18 (3) AGRICULTURAL WORKERS.—

19 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator

20 shall develop and carry out monitoring meth21 odologies to measure and assess the extent of,

22 and effects of, exposure to pesticides by agricul23 tural workers.
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1 (B) DEVELOPMENT OF METHODOLO2 GIES.—In developing the methodologies, the

3 Administrator shall—

4 (i) specify appropriate protocols for

5 the effective implementation of the meth6 odologies; and

7 (ii) give priority to chemicals, that, in

8 the judgment of the Administrator, are

9 considered to be associated with a high

10 level of risk to human health.

11 (4) LAWN AND GARDEN PESTICIDES.—

12 (A) IN GENERAL.—

13 (i) MONITORING METHODOLOGIES.—

14 The Administrator shall develop and imple15 ment effective monitoring methodologies to

16 determine the level of human exposure to

17 lawn and garden pesticides. The Adminis18 trator shall—

19 (I) identify populations that are

20 most likely to be exposed to the pes21 ticides; and

22 (II) assess the extent and effect

23 of the exposure.

24 (ii) HEALTH SURVEILLANCE OF DO25 MESTIC ANIMALS.—Health surveillance of
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1 domestic animals in close association with

2 humans may be used in the monitoring

3 methods referred to in clause (i) to assess

4 levels of human exposure to lawn and gar5 den pesticides.

6 (B) DETERMINATIONS BY THE ADMINIS7 TRATOR.—The Administrator shall determine

8 the following:

9 (i) The range of the distance over

10 which residues of the pesticides travel from

11 the site of initial application.

12 (ii) The extent to which each of the

13 pesticides is capable of penetrating homes

14 and other buildings.

15 (iii) A range with respect to the pe16 riod of time that each of the pesticides per17 sists on lawns and gardens and on other

18 recreational areas, including athletic play19 ing fields and golf courses (calculated for

20 variable climatic conditions and uses of the

21 pesticide).

22 (iv) Other related information con23 cerning potential routes of exposure that

24 the Administrator determines to be appro25 priate.
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1 (v) The average quantity of the pes2 ticides used during a calendar year (cal3 culated on the basis of application on a

4 standardized area) on the following:

5 (I) Lawns.

6 (II) Gardens.

7 (III) Recreational and sporting

8 areas.

9 (vi) An estimate of the total quantity

10 of the pesticides used during a calendar

11 year in the United States on each of the

12 items listed in subclauses (I) through (III)

13 of clause (v).

14 (vii) An estimate of the percentage of

15 the quantity described in clause (vi) that

16 is—

17 (I) used for preventive purposes,

18 in the absence of evidence of pest in19 festation;

20 (II) used unnecessarily;

21 (III) misused; and

22 (IV) likely to increase the resist23 ance to the pesticide of the targeted

24 pests.
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1 (5) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the

2 date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator

3 shall submit to the appropriate committees of Con4 gress a copy of a written report that summarizes the

5 progress of the projects conducted under this sub6 section.

7 (c) PESTICIDE RESIDUE DEMONSTRATION

8 PROJECT.—The Administrator shall conduct research to

9 develop and implement cost-effective methodologies for

10 measuring and assessing pesticide residues in food. In car11 rying out the research under this subsection, the Adminis12 trator shall assess the feasibility of establishing a program

13 in the Agency for the routine monitoring of pesticide resi14 dues in food that is ready for marketing.

15 (d) PESTICIDE DISTRIBUTION STUDY.—

16 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall de17 termine the extent and effects of pesticide contami18 nation in air, ground water, and surface water. In

19 carrying out the research project, the Administrator

20 shall, with respect to each pesticide studied—

21 (A) determine the range of the distance

22 over which residues of the pesticide travel from

23 a site of initial application (calculated for vari24 able climatic conditions);
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1 (B) if used in agriculture, with respect to

2 specific uses and methods of application of the

3 pesticide, the quantity (expressed as a percent4 age) of pesticide that does not remain on the

5 crop;

6 (C) the rate of fall out (as defined by the

7 Administrator) with respect to a specific type of

8 application of the pesticide;

9 (D) the rate of absorption and adsorption

10 of the pesticide (if any) into soil; and

11 (E) the quantity of the pesticide that

12 causes a threshold level of ground water or sur13 face water contamination (as determined by the

14 Administrator).

15 (2) REPORT.—Not later than 3 years after the

16 date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator

17 shall submit to the appropriate committees of Con18 gress a written report that summarizes the progress

19 of the research conducted under this subsection and

20 subsection (c).

21 (e) HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT.—

22 (1) IN GENERAL.—

23 (A) EXPOSURE TO PESTICIDES.—The Ad24 ministrator shall study the acute and chronic
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1 health effects of exposure to pesticides (includ2 ing any effects on development).

3 (B) EXPOSURE TO CHOLINESTERASE IN4 HIBITORS.—The Administrator shall study the

5 acute and chronic health effects resulting from

6 exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors, includ7 ing—

8 (i) the neurotoxic effects of the inhibi9 tors; and

10 (ii) other toxic effects of the inhibi11 tors, including any adverse effects on de12 velopment and reproduction, and any other

13 adverse systemic effects.

14 (C) HEALTH EFFECTS ON AGRICULTURAL

15 WORKERS.—The Administrator shall develop

16 and implement methodologies for measuring

17 and assessing the potential health effects on ag18 ricultural workers and consumers of agricul19 tural products from exposure to chemical pes20 ticides (as defined in section 201(q) of the Fed21 eral Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C.

22 321(q)).

23 (D) HEALTH EFFECTS ON DOMESTIC ANI24 MAL SPECIES.—The Administrator may include

25 the study of acute and chronic health effects in
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1 domestic animals species due to pesticide expo2 sure as part of an assessment of human expo3 sure levels.

4 (2) STUDY PRIORITY.—In carrying out this

5 subsection, the Administrator shall initially study

6 any pesticide (or active ingredient) described in this

7 subsection with a chemical classification or use that

8 is considered to pose a high level of risk to human

9 health.

10 (f) EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM PESTICIDE USE.—

11 (1) IN GENERAL.—

12 (A) FIELD STUDIES.—The Administrator

13 shall conduct field studies to assess the effects

14 of exposure to pesticides introduced in the envi15 ronment through long-term use. The Adminis16 trator shall study and assess the effects of pes17 ticide exposure on organisms other than hu18 mans and organisms that are not target orga19 nisms (with respect to the intended uses of the

20 pesticides) in the following types of ecosystems:

21 (i) Terrestrial ecosystems.

22 (ii) Marine and estuarine ecosystems.

23 (iii) Freshwater ecosystems.

24 (iv) Urban ecosystems.
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1 (B) INITIAL STUDY.—In carrying out this

2 paragraph, the Administrator shall initially

3 study routes of exposure related to any pes4 ticide with a chemical classification or use that

5 is considered to pose a high level of risk to the

6 organisms described in this subsection.

7 (2) BIOLOGICAL PESTICIDES.—The Adminis8 trator shall assess and monitor the impact of biologi9 cal pesticides (as defined by the Administrator) on

10 the environment.

11 (3) AIR QUALITY.—The Administrator shall as12 sess and monitor the impact of pesticides on air

13 quality.

14 (4) REPORT.—Not later than 2 years after the

15 date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator

16 shall submit to the appropriate committees of Con17 gress a written report that summarizes the progress

18 of the research conducted under this subsection and

19 subsection (e).

20 SEC. 9. NATIONAL ARID CLIMATE GROUND WATER RE21 SEARCH CENTER.

22 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This section may be cited as the

23 ‘‘National Arid Climate Ground Water Research Center

24 Act.’’.

25 (b) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section:
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1 (1) BOARD.—The term ‘‘Board’’ means the

2 Board of Directors established under subsection (f).

3 (2) CENTER.—The term ‘‘Center’’ means the

4 National Arid Climate Ground Water Research Cen5 ter established under subsection (e).

6 (c) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that—

7 (1) growing demands for ground water in arid

8 regions require further research to protect and mon9 itor aquifers in existence as of the date of enactment

10 of this Act and to locate future aquifers;

11 (2) the protection of ground water from con12 tamination requires further research in monitoring

13 and regulating the movement of potential contami14 nants;

15 (3) a variety of Federal, State, and private enti16 ties are conducting research concerning ground

17 water at various research centers throughout the

18 United States;

19 (4) Nevada is the most arid State in the United

20 States and, along with other western States, has ex21 perienced 5 years of drought;

22 (5) Nevada is the fastest growing State in the

23 United States, according to the census conducted by

24 the Bureau of the Census in 1990;
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1 (6) extensive ground water research capabilities

2 exist within Nevada; and

3 (7) the utilization and enhancement of ground

4 water research at institutions of higher education

5 can be—

6 (A) economical and lead to high-quality re7 search; and

8 (B) further the training of additional sci9 entists and professionals to address critical

10 ground water issues.

11 (d) PURPOSE.—The purposes of this section are to—

12 (1) establish a National Arid Climate Ground

13 Water Research Center within the State of Nevada

14 to promote and coordinate research concerning the

15 availability, usage, management, and monitoring of

16 ground water;

17 (2) increase research in monitoring and regulat18 ing the movement and concentration of contami19 nants in ground water; and

20 (3) coordinate the ground water research of the

21 Center with the research of other Federal agencies,

22 departments and agencies of States, and private

23 agencies, institutions, and entities.

24 (e) ESTABLISHMENT OF CENTER.—
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1 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 60 days after

2 the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator,

3 in consultation with the Governor of the State of

4 Nevada, is authorized to take such action as may be

5 necessary to establish, in the State of Nevada, the

6 National Arid Climate Ground Water Research Cen7 ter.

8 (2) ROLE OF BOARD.—The Board shall advise

9 the Administrator concerning the operation of the

10 Center.

11 (3) LOCATION OF CENTER.—The Center shall

12 be located at one or more locations within the State

13 of Nevada that the Administrator, after consultation

14 with the Governor and the Board, shall designate.

15 (4) ASSISTANCE FROM ADMINISTRATOR OF

16 GENERAL SERVICES.—The Administrator of General

17 Services is authorized, subject to the availability of

18 funds, to assist the Administrator in providing nec19 essary facilities for the purposes of this section. In

20 providing the facilities, the Administrator of General

21 Services shall consult with the Governor of the State

22 of Nevada and the Board.

23 (5) AGREEMENTS.—The Administrator is au24 thorized to enter into such agreements or other ar25 rangements with appropriate officials of the State of
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1 Nevada and other public and private agencies, insti2 tutions, or entities, as may be necessary to enable

3 the Administrator to carry out this section.

4 (f) BOARD OF DIRECTORS.—

5 (1) ESTABLISHMENT.—As soon as practicable

6 after the establishment of the Center, the Adminis7 trator shall establish a National Arid Climate

8 Ground Water Research Center Board of Directors.

9 (2) MEMBERSHIP.—The Board shall be com10 posed of 8 members who shall be appointed by the

11 Administrator. In selecting the members, the Admin12 istrator shall select—

13 (A) 1 member nominated by the Governor

14 of the State of Nevada;

15 (B) 1 member nominated by the Director

16 of the United States Geological Survey;

17 (C) 1 member nominated by the Director

18 of the Bureau of Reclamation;

19 (D) 1 member nominated by the head of

20 the University of Nevada-Las Vegas;

21 (E) 1 member nominated by the head of

22 the University of Nevada-Reno;

23 (F) 1 member nominated by the Secretary

24 of Energy;
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1 (G) 1 member nominated by the head of

2 Desert Research Institute; and

3 (H) an additional member selected by the

4 Administrator.

5 (3) CHAIRPERSON.—The member nominated by

6 the Governor of the State of Nevada shall be Chair7 person of the Board.

8 (4) TERM.—Each member of the Board shall

9 be appointed for a term of 4 years.

10 (5) QUORUM.—Four members of the Board

11 shall constitute a quorum, but a lesser number may

12 conduct meetings.

13 (6) FIRST MEETING.—The first meeting of the

14 Board shall be called by the Administrator and shall

15 be held not later than 60 days after the date of the

16 establishment of the Board.

17 (7) VACANCIES.—A vacancy on the Board re18 sulting from death or resignation by a member

19 shall—

20 (A) not affect the powers of the Board;

21 and

22 (B) be filled in the same manner in which

23 the original appointment was made.

24 (g) FUNCTIONS OF THE CENTER.—The functions of

25 the Center shall be to—
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1 (1) study and evaluate the availability, usage,

2 and management of ground water in arid regions;

3 (2) study and evaluate means of monitoring

4 and regulating the movement and concentration of

5 contaminants in ground water;

6 (3) coordinate ground water research in the

7 manner specified in subsection (d)(3);

8 (4) encourage graduate and undergraduate edu9 cation in hydrology and other professions and dis10 ciplines related to ground water;

11 (5)(A) provide a forum for consideration of is12 sues involving the use and management of ground

13 water and the protection of ground water from po14 tential contaminants; and

15 (B) as appropriate, utilize citizens and special

16 advisory councils;

17 (6) make the work of the Center accessible to

18 the public by holding public meetings, disseminating

19 research results and other relevant information, es20 tablishing technology transfer programs, and other

21 appropriate means; and

22 (7) fund ground water research projects con23 ducted in arid lands.

24 (h) COMPENSATION.—
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1 (1) IN GENERAL.—Each member of the Board

2 who is not otherwise employed by the Federal Gov3 ernment shall receive compensation at a rate equal

4 to the daily rate prescribed for GS–15 under the

5 General Schedule contained in section 5332 of title

6 5, United States Code, including travel time, for

7 each day the member is engaged in the actual per8 formance of duties as a member of the Board.

9 (2) OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE FED10 ERAL GOVERNMENT.—A member of the Board who

11 is an officer or employee of the Federal Government

12 shall serve without additional compensation as a re13 sult of performance of duties as a member of the

14 Board. Each member of the Board shall be reim15 bursed for travel, subsistence, and other necessary

16 expenses incurred by the member in the performance

17 of duties as a member.

18 (i) POWERS AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS.—

19 (1) SERVICES OF EXPERTS.—The Chairperson

20 of the Board, with the approval of the Board, is au21 thorized to obtain the services of experts and con22 sultants in accordance with section 3109 of title 5,

23 United States Code.

24 (2) ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES.—The Chair25 person of the Board, with the approval of the Board,
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1 is authorized to enter into agreements with the Ad2 ministrator of General Services for the procurement

3 of necessary financial and administrative services,

4 for which payment shall be made by reimbursement

5 from funds of the Board in such amounts as may be

6 agreed upon by the Chairperson and the Adminis7 trator of General Services.

8 (3) PROCUREMENT; SERVICES.—To carry out

9 the duties of the Board, the Chairperson of the

10 Board, with the approval of the Board, is authorized

11 to procure supplies, services, and property, and

12 make contracts for any fiscal year, only to the extent

13 that funds are made available by appropriations to

14 carry out this paragraph.

15 (4) CONTRACTS AND AGREEMENTS.—To the ex16 tent allowable by law, the Chairperson of the Board,

17 with the approval of the Board, is authorized to

18 enter into contracts or agreements with appropriate

19 officials of Federal agencies, departments, and agen20 cies of States, private firms, institutions, and agen21 cies for the conduct of research or surveys, the prep22 aration of reports, and other activities necessary for

23 the discharge of the duties of the Board.

24 (5) HEARINGS.—The Board, or (on the author25 ization of the Board) a member of the Board, may,
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1 for the purpose of carrying out this section, hold

2 such hearings, and sit and act at such times and

3 places, as the Board or the member considers advis4 able.

5 (6) PRINTING AND BINDING.—The Chairperson

6 of the Board, with the approval of the Board, or (on

7 the authorization of the Board) any member of the

8 Board, may, for the purpose of carrying out this sec9 tion, enter into contracts and other arrangements,

10 and make expenditures that the Chairperson or

11 member of the Board considers appropriate, to the

12 extent that funds are made available by appropria13 tions to carry out the action.

14 (7) ACQUISITION OF INFORMATION.—The

15 Board may acquire directly from any executive de16 partment, bureau, agency, board, commission, office,

17 independent establishment, or instrumentality infor18 mation, estimates, and statistics for the purpose of

19 carrying out this section. Each such department, bu20 reau, agency, board, commission, office, establish21 ment, or instrumentality is authorized and directed

22 to furnish, to the extent permitted by law, the infor23 mation, estimates, and statistics directly to the

24 Board, upon request by the Chairperson.

25 (8) ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITY.—
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1 (A) IN GENERAL.—The Chairperson of the

2 Board is authorized, without regard to the pro3 visions of title 5, United States Code, governing

4 appointments in the competitive service, and re5 gard to the provisions of chapter 51 and sub6 chapter III of chapter 53 of such title, relating

7 to classification and General Schedule pay

8 rates, appoint, terminate, and fix the compensa9 tion of an Executive Director and such addi10 tional personnel as the Chairperson determines

11 are necessary to enable the Board to carry out

12 the duties of the Board.

13 (B) COMPENSATION.—

14 (i) EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR.—The an15 nual rate of compensation of the Executive

16 Director may not exceed a rate equal to

17 the rate provided for level V of the Execu18 tive Schedule under section 5316 of such

19 title.

20 (ii) OTHER PERSONNEL.—The annual

21 rate of compensation of all other personnel

22 may not exceed a rate equal to the maxi23 mum rate for GS–15 of the General Sched24 ule established under section 5332 of such

25 title.
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1 (9) FACILITIES AND SERVICES.—On request of

2 the Board, the head of any Federal agency is au3 thorized to make any of the facilities and services of

4 the agency available to the Board or to detail any

5 of the personnel of the agency to the Board, on a

6 reimbursable basis, to assist the Board in carrying

7 out the duties of the Board under this section.

8 (10) MAIL.—The Board may use the United

9 States mails in the same manner and under the

10 same conditions as other departments and agencies

11 of the United States.

12 (11) PRINTING AND BINDING.—The Board may

13 expend funds for printing and binding to carry out

14 this section, notwithstanding any other provision of

15 law, to the extent that funds are made available by

16 appropriations.

17 (12) DONATIONS.—The Board may accept a

18 donation of non-Federal funds or in-kind services for

19 use in assisting the Administrator in carrying out

20 the functions of the Center referred to in subsection

21 (g).

22 (j) REPORTS.—Not later than 1 year after the date

23 of enactment of this Act, and thereafter on the request

24 of Congress, the Board shall prepare and transmit to the

25 Administrator, who shall transmit to Congress, the Presi-
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1 dent, and the Governor of the State of Nevada, a report

2 that describes the activities of the Center, and the findings

3 and recommendations of the Board, together with any rec4 ommendations of the Administrator and the Board con5 cerning specific actions necessary to be taken to enable

6 the Center to carry out the functions of the Center re7 ferred to in subsection (g).

8 (k) AUTHORIZATION.—For each of fiscal years 1994

9 through 1996, from the sums authorized to be appro10 priated under section 3(a)(7), a total amount not to exceed

11 $1,000,000 may be used by the Administrator and the

12 Board to carry out the functions of the Center.

13 SEC. 10. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT

14 PROGRAM.

15 (a) PROGRAM DEFINED.—As used in this section, the

16 term ‘‘Program’’ means the Environmental Monitoring

17 and Assessment Program established under subsection

18 (b).

19 (b) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Administrator shall es20 tablish an Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

21 Program to conduct comprehensive, long-term environ22 mental monitoring, data collection, and data analysis as

23 a means of assessing and responding to the then current

24 and long-term status and trends of the ecological re25 sources of the United States.
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1 (c) COORDINATION.—The Administrator shall consult

2 with the heads of other Federal agencies to coordinate the

3 Program activities with related activities of programs of

4 the Federal agencies in order to identify, integrate, and

5 fully utilize results of related efforts undertaken by other

6 agencies and minimize duplication of efforts.

7 (d) ANNUAL REPORT.—The Administrator shall pub8 lish an annual report that identifies and assesses—

9 (1) the performance of the activities carried out

10 under the Program;

11 (2) the effectiveness of interagency coordination

12 with respect to Program activities; and

13 (3) the contributions of multiagency research to

14 the advancement of research goals of the Program.

15 (e) PUBLIC DATA.—The Administrator shall periodi16 cally submit to Congress, and make publicly available, a

17 compilation of any statistical data summaries and inter18 pretive reports on ecological status and trends developed

19 as a result of the Program.

20 SEC. 11. MODERNIZATION PROGRAM.

21 (a) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section:

22 (1) PROGRAM.—The term ‘‘Program’’ means

23 the Modernization Program established under this

24 section.
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1 (2) SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY.—The term ‘‘sci2 entific community’’ shall have the meaning given the

3 term by the Administrator.

4 (b) MODERNIZATION PROGRAM.—The Administrator

5 shall establish a Modernization Program designed to iden6 tify, acquire, and maintain modern buildings, facilities,

7 supplies, and equipment needed to conduct high quality

8 research. In carrying out the Program, the Administrator

9 shall ensure that the buildings, facilities, supplies, and

10 equipment referred to in the preceding sentence shall, at

11 a minimum, meet the standards generally accepted by the

12 scientific community as appropriate for conducting re13 search, including replacement standards for instrumenta14 tion for research.

15 (c) STUDIES.—In carrying out the Program, the Ad16 ministrator shall conduct studies to—

17 (1)(A) evaluate and determine the adequacy of

18 then current buildings, facilities, supplies, and equip19 ment; and

20 (B) identify then future building, facility, sup21 plies, equipment and research instrumentation

22 needs; and

23 (2)(A) identify and assess then future research

24 personnel needs; and
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1 (B) make recommendations for attracting and

2 retaining qualified scientists, engineers, and other

3 personnel to meet the needs referred to in subpara4 graph (A).

5 (d) DEADLINE FOR SUBMISSION.—Not later than 1

6 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Adminis7 trator shall submit a copy of the findings of the studies

8 required by this section to the Committee on Environment

9 and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on

10 Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Rep11 resentatives.

12 SEC. 12. REPEAL OF 5-YEAR RESEARCH REPORT REQUIRE13 MENT.

14 (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 5 of the Environmental

15 Research, Development, and Demonstration Authorization

16 Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 4361) is repealed.

17 (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—(1) Section 4 of

18 the Environmental Research, Development, and Dem19 onstration Authorization Act of 1978 (42 U.S.C. 4361a)

20 is repealed.

21 (2) Section 7(a) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 4364(a)) is

22 amended by striking ‘‘, including those defined in the five23 year research plan’’.

24 (3) Section 8 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 4365) is amend25 ed by striking subsection (c).
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1 (4) Section 9(a) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 4366(a)) is

2 amended by striking the second sentence.

3 SEC. 13. SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD.

4 (a) ANNUAL REPORT.—

5 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Science Advisory Board

6 shall submit to Congress and to the Administrator

7 an annual report that contains the views of the

8 Science Advisory Board concerning proposed re9 search programs as described in the annual budget

10 submitted by the President to Congress pursuant to

11 section 1108 of title 31, United States Code. The re12 port shall be submitted to Congress as soon as prac13 ticable after the submission of the annual budget of

14 the President to Congress.

15 (2) COOPERATION WITH SCIENCE ADVISORY

16 BOARD.—To assist the Science Advisory Board in

17 carrying out the duties of the Board under this sec18 tion, the Administrator shall cooperate with the Di19 rector of the Science Advisory Board, with respect to

20 the timely provision of budget information to the

21 Science Advisory Board.

22 (b) EVALUATION.—

23 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Science Advisory Board

24 shall conduct periodic evaluations of selected areas

25 of the then current and planned research, develop-
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1 ment, and demonstration activities of the Agency.

2 The areas of evaluation shall be selected by the

3 Science Advisory Board in consultation with the Ad4 ministrator, the Deputy Assistant Administrator for

5 Research and Development of the Agency, the heads

6 of other programs of the Agency, the Committee on

7 Environment and Public Works of the Senate, and

8 the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of

9 the House of Representatives.

10 (2) REPORTS.—The Science Advisory Board

11 shall transmit to the Administrator and the commit12 tees referred to in paragraph (1) a report that in13 cludes the evaluations of the Board conducted pur14 suant to this section and recommendations that the

15 Board considers appropriate.

16 (3) RESPONSE BY ADMINISTRATOR.—Not later

17 than 60 days after the Science Advisory Board sub18 mits a report to the Administrator pursuant to para19 graph (2), the Administrator shall provide to the

20 committees referred to in such paragraph a written

21 response to the evaluation and recommendations of

22 the Science Advisory Board.

23 (c) REVIEW OF CERTAIN RESEARCH ACTIVITIES.—

24 Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this

25 Act, and annually thereafter, the Science Advisory Board
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1 shall review the research activities of the Agency con2 ducted under section 19(b)(2) and shall include the results

3 of the review in the annual report required under sub4 section (a).

5 (d) CONCURRENT SUBMISSION TO CONGRESS.—The

6 Science Advisory Board shall concurrently submit to the

7 Administrator each report required to be submitted by the

8 Board to the Administrator to the Committee on Environ9 ment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee

10 on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Rep11 resentatives.

12 SEC. 14. MISCELLANEOUS AUTHORIZATION FOR COOPERA13 TIVE AGREEMENTS.

14 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator may enter into

15 a cooperative agreement with an appropriate person or en16 tity to conduct appropriate scientific and professional re17 views of applications or proposals submitted to the Admin18 istrator for a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement.

19 (b) PAYMENT.—The Administrator may use funds

20 made available for research pursuant to this Act to pay

21 for the reviews conducted pursuant to a cooperative agree22 ment referred to in subsection (a).

23 SEC. 15. RESEARCH ACCOMPLISHMENTS REPORT.

24 The Administrator shall submit an annual report to

25 the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the
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1 Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech2 nology of the House of Representatives that describes the

3 accomplishments of the research, development, and dem4 onstration programs with respect to funds that are made

5 available pursuant to this Act and the significance of the

6 accomplishments to the mission of the Agency.

7 SEC. 16. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND INFORMATION

8 EXCHANGE.

9 The Administrator shall carry out a program of envi10 ronmental technology transfer and exchange of scientific

11 and technical information designed to make full and effec12 tive use of the research, development, and demonstration

13 efforts of the Agency. The Administrator may establish,

14 acquire, and maintain resources necessary to advance the

15 technology transfer and information exchange program.

16 SEC. 17. RESEARCH TO SUPPORT THE EVALUATION OF

17 HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK.

18 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Administrator shall es19 tablish a separately identified research program designed

20 to improve the capability of the Agency to identify, assess,

21 and compare risks to public health and natural ecosystems

22 resulting from contamination of the environment.

23 (b) OBJECTIVES.—In carrying out the program es24 tablished under subsection (a), the Administrator may

25 conduct research to—
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1 (1) develop and improve methodologies for the

2 comparison of risks to public health and natural

3 ecosystems, including risks resulting from contami4 nation of different environmental media;

5 (2) facilitate the monitoring of pollutants and

6 contaminants discharged to the environment;

7 (3) identify and develop methodologies for as8 sessing and reducing risks to natural ecosystems;

9 (4) develop and improve methodologies for the

10 assessment of noncancer risks to public health and

11 the integrated assessment of cancer and noncancer

12 health risks;

13 (5) support any other activities of the Agency

14 relating to the identification, assessment, or com15 parison of risks to public health and natural

16 ecosystems resulting from contamination of the envi17 ronment; and

18 (6) develop improved methodologies for evaluat19 ing (both quantitatively and qualitatively) the bene20 fits, of ecological protection activities, including im21 proved methods to value natural resources and to ac22 count for long-term environmental effects in the eco23 nomic analysis of the Agency.
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1 SEC. 18. LEAD RESEARCH PROGRAM.

2 (a) ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM.—The Adminis3 trator shall establish a program to conduct research, in4 cluding laboratory research in a controlled setting, on lead.

5 The research shall include the following:

6 (1) Research concerning state-of-the-art tech7 nologies for detecting lead in paint films and dust.

8 (2) Research concerning short-term and long9 term cost-effective technologies for the removal of

10 lead-based paint and in-place management tech11 niques. The research required under this paragraph

12 shall address the relative risk of, and the environ13 mental protection afforded by, various options to re14 move or ameliorate the toxic effects of lead-based

15 paint.

16 (3) A long-term research study concerning envi17 ronmentally compatible methods for the permanent

18 disposal, recycling, or recovery of lead in lead con19 tamination.

20 (4) A long-term research study to improve tech21 niques to measure lead levels, including levels of lead

22 in soil and dust. The study shall examine then cur23 rent and proposed methods and technologies to

24 measure lead exposure hazards.

25 (5) A long-term research study to examine the

26 results of lead abatement activities. The study shall
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1 evaluate the effectiveness of the activities and shall

2 include the long-term monitoring of post-abatement

3 lead exposure of children and adults.

4 (b) CONSULTATION WITH THE HEADS OF OTHER

5 FEDERAL AGENCIES.—The Administrator shall consult

6 with the heads of other appropriate Federal agencies with

7 respect to the conduct of the research referred to in sub8 section (a).

9 (c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—For each

10 of fiscal years 1994 through 1996 from the amounts au11 thorized to be appropriated under section 3(a), the Admin12 istrator may use an amount not to exceed $2,400,000 to

13 carry out this section.

14 SEC. 19. RISK ASSESSMENT RESEARCH PRIORITIES.

15 (a) IDENTIFICATION OF PRIORITY RISK ASSESSMENT

16 RESEARCH ISSUES.—

17 (1) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after

18 the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator

19 shall submit to Congress a report that identifies at

20 least 10 environmental research issues—

21 (A) correlating to the environmental haz22 ards that the Administrator estimates to

23 present the greatest degree of risk;

24 (B) with respect to which the Adminis25 trator determines there are significant scientific
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1 uncertainties concerning the assessment of the

2 environmental risks; and

3 (C) with respect to which the uncertainties

4 could be significantly reduced through research.

5 (2) CONTENTS OF REPORT.—In addition to the

6 identification of the issues required under paragraph

7 (1), the report required under paragraph (1) shall

8 include—

9 (A) an assessment of any research that has

10 been, or is being, conducted by the Adminis11 trator with respect to each research issue iden12 tified under such paragraph;

13 (B) with respect to each of the research is14 sues referred to in subparagraph (A), an identi15 fication of the significant scientific uncertainties

16 associated with the assessment of the environ17 mental risks posed by the issue;

18 (C) an identification of the research that

19 needs to be conducted by the Administrator to

20 reduce significantly the scientific uncertainties

21 referred to in subparagraph (B); and

22 (D) a list that identifies the issues referred

23 to in subparagraph (C) in order of the priority

24 in which the research should be conducted.

25 (b) RESEARCH PROGRAM.—
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1 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall

2 carry out a research program to reduce the scientific

3 uncertainties with respect to the assessment of the

4 environmental risks posed by the issues identified

5 under subsection (a). The research shall be con6 ducted in accordance with the priority list referred

7 to in subsection (a)(2)(D).

8 (2) ECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT.—As part

9 of the research program conducted under paragraph

10 (1), the Administrator shall conduct research to im11 prove the methodologies used to assess the economic

12 impact of technologies developed as a result of the

13 research program.

14 (c) BUDGET COORDINATION.—In the first budget

15 submitted by the President to Congress pursuant to sec16 tion 1108 of title 31, United States Code, following the

17 submission required by subsection (a), and in the 4 suc18 ceeding budgets submitted by the President pursuant to

19 such section, the Administrator shall include a report that

20 identifies the research conducted by the Administrator in

21 accordance with the priority list referred to in subsection

22 (a)(2)(D).
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1 SEC. 20. REPORT ON OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEFENSE TECH2 NOLOGY TRANSFER IN DEVELOPMENT OF EN3 VIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE PRODUCTS.

4 (a) DEFINITION.—As used in this section, the term

5 ‘‘defense-related research for environmental applications’’

6 means research funded by the Secretary of Defense to

7 mitigate the environmental impact of activities carried out

8 for military purposes.

9 (b) REPORT.—

10 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days

11 after the date of enactment of this Act, the Adminis12 trator shall submit to Congress a report that identi13 fies opportunities for the technology transfer of de14 fense-related research for environmental applica15 tions.

16 (2) CONTENTS OF REPORT.—The report shall

17 include information on the development of environ18 mentally sensitive products and processes that have

19 dual-use or commercial application, such as—

20 (A) the reduced use of toxic, hazardous,

21 and environmentally damaging substances;

22 (B) the development and employment of

23 substitutes for the substances; and

24 (C) the reduction of emissions and waste

25 generation in product design, manufacture, and

26 maintenance in relevant areas of technology.
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1 (c) CONSULTATION.—In preparing the report pursu2 ant to subsection (b), the Administrator shall consult with

3 the heads of appropriate Federal agencies to identify pro4 duction and design capabilities that are applicable to the

5 development of products and processes described in sub6 section (b).

7 SEC. 21. FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR RESEARCH ON

8 DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION.

9 (a) IN GENERAL.—

10 (1) DISINFECTION AND DISINFECTION BYPROD11 UCTS RESEARCH.—The Administrator shall conduct

12 research on disinfection and disinfection byproducts

13 as part of the negotiated rulemaking procedures for

14 National Primary Drinking Water Regulations for

15 phase VIA contaminants (disinfection byproducts)

16 issued pursuant to title XIV of the Public Health

17 Service Act (commonly known as the ‘‘Safe Drinking

18 Water Act’’) (42 U.S.C. 300f et seq.).

19 (2) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—

20 There are authorized to be appropriated to the

21 Agency, to carry out this subsection, $4,000,000 for

22 each of fiscal years 1994 through 1998.

23 (b) COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT.—

24 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Administrator shall

25 offer to enter into an agreement with the appro-
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1 priate official of the American Water Works Associa2 tion Research Foundation (or if the Foundation does

3 not enter into the agreement, an appropriate equiva4 lent entity) to conduct disinfection and disinfection

5 byproducts research for each of fiscal years 1994

6 through 1998.

7 (2) FUNDING.—

8 (A) IN GENERAL.—For each fiscal year,

9 the Administrator shall make available pursu10 ant to an agreement entered into under para11 graph (1), from amounts made available to the

12 Administrator pursuant to this section,

13 $2,000,000.

14 (B) MATCHING REQUIREMENT.—As a con15 dition of the agreement, the Foundation (or

16 other appropriate entity) shall be required to

17 provide a non-Federal share in an amount that

18 is not less than the amount made available pur19 suant to this section.

20 (c) REPORTS.—

21 (1) REPORT TO THE ADMINISTRATOR.—Not

22 later than 1 year after the date the Administrator

23 enters into an agreement with a private entity under

24 subsection (a), the private entity shall submit to the
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1 Administrator the study prepared pursuant to such

2 subsection.

3 (2) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than 2

4 weeks after the Administrator receives the study re5 quired to be submitted under paragraph (1), the Ad6 ministrator shall submit the study to Congress, to7 gether with any comments of the Administrator with

8 respect to the report.

9 (d) FUNDING.—Of amounts authorized to be appro10 priated under section 2(a), the Administrator may use not

11 more than $500,000 to carry out this section.

12 SEC. 22. PURCHASE OF AMERICAN-MADE EQUIPMENT AND

13 PRODUCTS.

14 (a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con15 gress that any recipient of a grant under this Act or any

16 amendment made by this Act, should, when available and

17 cost-effective, purchase equipment and products manufac18 tured in the United States.

19 (b) NOTICE TO RECIPIENTS OF ASSISTANCE.—In al20 locating grants under this Act, or under any amendment

21 made by this Act, the Administrator shall provide to each

22 grant recipient a notice describing the sense of Congress

23 under subsection (a).

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