[Federal Register Volume 63, Number 101 (Wednesday, May 27, 1998)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 28912-28922]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 98-13432]


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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

49 CFR Part 571

[Docket No. NHTSA-98-3837, Notice 1]
RIN 2127-AH07


Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Metric Conversion of Tire 
Standards

AGENCY: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), DOT.

ACTION: Final rule; technical amendment.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: This document revises selected Federal Motor Vehicle Safety 
Standards (FMVSS) on tires by converting English measurements specified 
in those standards to metric measurements. This is one of several 
rulemaking actions that NHTSA is undertaking to implement the Federal 
policy that the metric system of measurement is the preferred system of 
weights and measures for United States trade and commerce. The 
conversions are not intended to make any changes in the stringency of 
the affected FMVSS. A companion final rule published in today's Federal 
Register converts, from English measurements to metric measurements, 
selected FMVSSs that do not relate to tires.
    This document also includes a technical amendment to the standard 
on tire selection and rims for motor vehicles other than passenger cars 
so that tire information provided on labels may use abbreviations for 
units of weight (mass) measurement.

DATE: This final rule is effective May 27, 2003. Optional early 
compliance with the changes made in this final rule is permitted 
beginning May 27, 1998.

ADDRESSES: Petitions for reconsideration of this final rule should 
refer to the docket and notice number cited in the heading of this 
final rule and be submitted to: Administrator, National Highway Traffic 
Safety Administration, 400 Seventh Street, SW, Washington, DC 20590. It 
is requested, but not required, that 10 copies be submitted.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Kevin Cavey, National Highway 
Traffic Safety Administration, 400 Seventh Street, SW, Washington, DC 
20590. Mr. Cavey's telephone number is: (202) 366-5271.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Background Information

    Section 5164 of the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act (Pub. L. 
100-418), makes it United States (U.S.) policy that the metric system 
of measurement is the preferred system of weights and measures for 
United States trade and commerce. Executive Order 12770 directs Federal 
agencies to comply with the Act by adopting a conversion schedule for 
their programs by September 30, 1992. In a Federal Register document of 
April 21, 1992 (57 FR 14619), the National Highway Traffic Safety 
Administration (NHTSA) published its plan to use the metric system in 
NHTSA programs, and included an implementation schedule to convert the 
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSSs) to metric measurements.
    In a final rule published on March 15, 1995 (60 FR 13639), NHTSA 
completed the first phase of metrication, converting English 
measurements in the following FMVSSs to the metric system: Standard No. 
102, Transmission shift lever sequence, starter interlock, and 
transmission braking effect; Standard No. 103, Windshield defrosting 
and defogging systems; Standard No. 104, Windshield wiping and washing 
systems; Standard No. 107, Reflecting surfaces; Standard No. 110, Tire 
selection and rims; Standard No. 112, Headlamp concealment devices; 
Standard No. 114, Theft protection; Standard No. 115, Vehicle 
identification number--basic requirements; Standard No. 120, Tire 
selection and rims for motor vehicles other than passenger cars; 
Standard No. 124, Accelerator control systems; Standard No. 126, Truck-
camper loading; Standard No. 205, Glazing materials; Standard No. 206, 
Door locks and door retention components; Standard No. 207, Seating 
systems; Standard No. 212, Windshield mounting, and Standard No. 216, 
Roof crush resistance.
    In the March 14, 1995 final rule, NHTSA established the following 
principles for converting English system measurements to the metric 
system:
    (1) Equivalent conversions are generally favored, not exact ones;
    (2) The term ``mass'' is favored over the term ``weight,'' except 
when ``weight'' is used as part of a defined term;
    (3) Force measurements are converted by specifying in the 
regulatory language the steps for making the conversion; and
    (4) Dual measurements (i.e., both English and metric measurements) 
are used in a standard when it seems likely that it will be read by 
persons not fully accustomed to using the metric system.
NHTSA stated its intent to follow these principles in future 
metrication rulemakings.

II. Notice of Proposed Rulemaking for Second Phase

    On April 21, 1997, NHTSA began its second phase of metricating the 
FMVSSs by publishing a notice of proposed rulemaking to convert English 
measurements in the following Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards to 
the metric system: Standard No. 101, Controls and displays; Standard 
No. 109, New pneumatic tires; Standard No. 111, Rearview mirrors; 
Standard No. 116, Motor vehicle brake fluids; Standard No. 117, 
Retreaded pneumatic tires; Standard No. 119, New pneumatic tires for 
vehicles other than passenger cars; Standard No. 123, Motorcycle 
controls and displays; Standard No. 201, Occupant protection in 
interior impact; Standard No. 202, Head restraints; Standard No. 203, 
Impact protection for the driver from the steering control system; 
Standard No. 204, Steering control rearward displacement; Standard No. 
209, Seat belt assemblies; Standard No. 210, Seat belt assembly 
anchorages; Standard No. 219, Windshield zone intrusion; Standard No. 
220, School bus rollover protection; Standard No. 222, School bus 
passenger seating and crash protection; Standard No. 301, Fuel system 
integrity; and Standard No. 302, Flammability of interior materials.
    The agency raised issues concerning the following proposed 
conversions: <SUP>1</SUP>
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ The issues relating to the other standards addressed in the 
NPRM are discussed in today's companion notice.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Exact Versus Equivalent Conversions--In the NPRM, NHTSA stated that 
although it generally favors the use of equivalent conversions, it will 
not use equivalent conversions where there is a specific safety need or 
other reason to make an exact conversion. For

[[Page 28913]]

certain proposed conversions (i.e., ones involving requirements that 
specify the height of lettering, the minimum depth to which the 
lettering must be impressed, or the maximum height to which it must be 
embossed), NHTSA proposed exact conversions to minimize the possibility 
of manufacturers having to change molds and materials. NHTSA also 
proposed exact conversions for measurements in several non-tire 
standards to avoid a possibility that the standard would become more 
stringent after the conversion.
    Dual Measurements--The agency stated its belief that converting 
some tables so that they contain only metric measurements may not be 
very informative to American tire manufacturers and retreaders and 
mirror manufacturers, many of whom may be more familiar with English 
measurements. Accordingly, in the case of the mirror and tire 
standards, NHTSA proposed that the tables and regulatory text provide 
both the English and metric systems of measurement. Specifically, for 
Standard No. 117, Retreaded pneumatic tires, NHTSA proposed to include 
both p.s.i. and kPa measurements in Table I--``Plies''. For Standard 
No. 119, New pneumatic tires for vehicles other than passenger cars, 
NHTSA proposed to provide both English and metric measurements in Table 
I--``Strength Test Plunger Diameter'', Table II--``Minimum Static 
Breaking Energy'', and Table III--``Endurance Test Schedule''.
    NHTSA sought public comment on the proposal to use dual 
measurements for the specified tables and on the period of time after 
which use of the English units of measurements should be phased out.
    Leadtime--NHTSA proposed that, if made final, the changes proposed 
in the NPRM take effect one year after the publication of the final 
rule, with manufacturers given the option to comply immediately with 
the new measurements. NHTSA stated its belief that one year is enough 
lead time for industry to make any necessary changes. In the past, 
NHTSA has consistently stated that it is not the agency's intent to 
impose unnecessary costs to manufacturers as a result of the 
metrication process. NHTSA stated it was aware that if some of the 
proposed changes in the tire standards were made final, tire mold 
manufacturers would have to change molds to accommodate the new metric/
English measurements. Changing tire molds to accommodate labeling with 
metric measurements where the metric measurements are not specified may 
result in manufacturers incurring significant costs unless sufficient 
leadtime is given so that changes could be made when molds are changed.
    NHTSA specifically sought comment on the amount of lead time that 
tire manufacturers should be given so that they could meet any changes 
that may result if the amendments proposed in NPRM are made final. 
NHTSA asked whether one year is enough lead time to permit tire 
manufacturers to purchase new molds that would meet the metricated 
standard.

III. Public Comments and NHTSA's Response

    In response to the NPRM, NHTSA received comments from 17 
commenters. Several commenters addressed only proposed metric 
conversions in the tire standards: Japan Automobile Tire Manufacturers' 
Association, Goodyear, Rubber Manufacturers' Assn., Toyota, and the 
European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization. The following comments 
were offered on Standard No. 109, New pneumatic tires; Standard No. 
117, Retreaded pneumatic tires; and Standard No. 119, New pneumatic 
tires for vehicles other than passenger cars.
    Most of the suggestions of commenters for changes to the three tire 
standards were to correct typographical errors or to make the 
conversions more consistent with established tire industry, European or 
other international standards. Many of the commenters made identical 
suggestions for changes. NHTSA has reviewed each suggested change and 
determined whether the change, if adopted, would have a substantive 
effect on the tire standard. The final rule incorporates the suggested 
changes, except as noted below.
    The Rubber Manufacturers Association (RMA), in a June 19, 1997 
submission, made detailed comments on proposed changes to Standards 
109, 117, and 119. NHTSA has made almost all of RMA's suggested 
changes. However, the agency is not making RMA's suggested changes for 
Standard No. 119's S6.5(d) and S6.5(e). S6.5 specifies information that 
must be marked on tire sidewalls. That information includes the maximum 
load rating and corresponding inflation pressure of the tire (S6.5(d)) 
and the speed restriction of the tire, if 55 miles per hour or less 
(S6.5(e)). RMA's recommendation would make it optional, not mandatory, 
that the S6.5(d) and (e) information on tires be marked in metric and 
English system units. RMA's reason for its recommendation is that 
virtually every mold for tires regulated by Standard No. 119 would have 
to be restamped and there is ``no justification for that kind of 
expense,'' even if spread out over several years.
    In a submission dated August 28, 1997, RMA stated that its members 
estimate a cost to the industry of $18.2 million dollars to make 
changes to tire molds, if the one year implementation date proposed in 
the NPRM is adopted. The $18.2 million figure was calculated by adding 
the estimates provided by Goodyear, Michelin and Bridgestone-Firestone 
(a total of $15 million) and those provided by Dunlop, Continental, and 
Cooper (a total of $3.2 million).
    Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company also asked that NHTSA not require 
metric markings for Standard No. 119. Goodyear stated that adding 
metric markings would mean that it would have to ``virtually have to 
restamp every mold that currently exists for tires covered'' by 
Standard No. 119. Goodyear stated that the restamping would be a major 
expense and not consistent with NHTSA's desire not to unduly burden 
tire manufactures.
    NHTSA is not adopting RMA and Goodyear's request not to metricate 
Standard No. 119. NHTSA has undertaken this rulemaking to implement the 
Federal policy that the metric system of measurement is the preferred 
system of weights and measurements for United States trade and 
commerce. The metrication policy applies to all Federal Motor Vehicle 
Safety Standards, including Standard No. 119.
    NHTSA notes that neither RMA nor Goodyear provided information on a 
leadtime for implementing the metrication of Standard No. 119 that 
would minimize the compliance burden on the tire industry. Therefore, 
in order to lessen the burden on tire manufacturers, NHTSA will not 
make the final rule effective in one year, as proposed in the NPRM, but 
will delay the effective date of the metricated tire standards for five 
years. Optional immediate compliance is also provided. NHTSA believes 
that during the course of five years, tire manufacturers will have the 
opportunity to replace molds as they become outmoded or worn out with 
new molds that incorporate both metric and English measurements.

IV. Technical Amendment to Standard No. 120

    In the NPRM, NHTSA did not propose changes to Standard No. 120, 
Tire selection and rims for motor vehicles other than passenger cars. 
Nevertheless, Rover Group Ltd. suggested that the sample label titled 
``TRUCK EXAMPLE--SUITABLE TIRE-RIM

[[Page 28914]]

CHOICE'' (following S5.3.2 of Standard No. 120) be amended to permit 
lower case letters for KG, the abbreviation for kilogram.
    Land Rover's comment indicates that it believes ``kilograms'' used 
in the label may be abbreviated as ``kg''. At present, the label 
example specifies that units of weight be spelled out, i.e., 
``kilogram'' or ``pound''. However, NHTSA has reexamined the label 
example and determined that consumers will not be confused by the 
abbreviations ``kg'' and ``lbs'' in lieu, respectively, of 
``kilograms'' and ``pounds.'' Thus, NHTSA in this final rule is also 
amending the label example that follows S5.3.2 of Standard No. 120 to 
permit abbreviations for kilograms and pounds.
    However, NHTSA is not specifying that the abbreviation ``kg'' be in 
lower case letters because S5.3 Label information specifies that all 
information provided be ``lettered in block capitals and numerals.'' 
NHTSA does not agree with Land Rover that persons seeing an upper case 
``KG'' on the label will likely mistake this abbreviation for ``Kelvin 
Giga'' (which means Kelvin temperature of Celsius +273 deg. times 10 to 
the ninth power) instead of the more common ``kilogram.''

V. Regulatory Impacts

A . Executive Order 12866 and DOT Regulatory Policies and Procedures

    NHTSA has examined the impact of this rulemaking action under E.O. 
12866 and the Department of Transportation's regulatory policies and 
procedures. This rulemaking document was not reviewed under E. O. 
12866, ``Regulatory Planning and Review.'' This action has been 
determined to be not ``significant'' under DOT's regulatory policies 
and procedures.
    In converting the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards from the 
English to the metric measurement system, the agency has made 
conversions in a way that does not substantively change the safety 
performance required of motor vehicle and motor vehicle equipment. As a 
result of this rule, manufacturers now providing consumer information 
(e.g., labeling) may incur minimal additional costs since they will 
have to add metric units to the information on their tires. In order to 
ensure that tire manufacturers can make the timing of their addition of 
the metrics unit information coincide with the timing of the 
replacement of their tire molds as they wear out and naturally reach 
the end of their useful life, the agency is providing five years of 
leadtime. The impacts of this action will be so minor that preparation 
of a full regulatory evaluation for this proposed rule is not 
warranted.

B. Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The agency has considered the effects of this rulemaking action 
under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.). I certify 
that this proposed rule will not have a significant economic impact on 
a substantial number of small entities. As noted above, converting from 
the English system to the metric system will not require a change in 
the performance of any tire. While tire molds may have to be changed to 
accommodate dual metric/English labeling on tires, tire manufacturers 
can schedule the change so that it coincides with the normal retirement 
of tire molds as they wear out.
    NHTSA does not know of any U.S. small businesses that manufacture 
tires. The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA)'s small business 
size standard for a tire manufacturer is at 13 CFR 121.601 Standard 
Industrial Classification Codes and size standards. The Standard 
Industrial Classification Code (SIC) for manufacturers of tires and 
inner tubes is 3011. For SIC 3011, the SBA has established a size 
standard of 1,000 employees or fewer.

C. Environmental Impacts

    In accordance with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, 
the agency has considered the environmental impacts of this rulemaking 
action and determined that, as a final rule, it will not have a 
significant impact on the quality of the human environment.

D. Federalism

    This action has been analyzed in accordance with the principles and 
criteria contained in Executive Order 12612, and it has been determined 
that the final rule does not have sufficient federalism implications to 
warrant the preparation of a Federalism Assessment.

E. Civil Justice Reform

    This proposed rule will not have a retroactive effect. Under 49 
U.S.C. section 30103, whenever a Federal motor vehicle safety standard 
is in effect, a state may not adopt or maintain a safety standard 
applicable to the same aspect of performance which is not identical to 
the Federal standard. 49 U.S.C. section 30106 sets forth a procedure 
for judicial review of final rules establishing, amending or revoking 
Federal motor vehicle safety standards. That section does not require 
submission of a petition for reconsideration or other administrative 
proceedings before parties may file suit in court.

List of Subjects in 49 CFR Part 571

    Imports, Motor vehicle safety, Motor vehicles, Rubber and rubber 
products, Tires.

    In consideration of the foregoing, the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety 
Standards (49 CFR Part 571), are amended as set forth below.

PART 571--FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS

    1. The authority citation for part 571 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 322, 30111, 30115, 30117, and 30166; 
delegation of authority at 49 CFR 1.50.

    2. Section 571.109 is amended by revising in S4.2.1, paragraph (d); 
revising S4.2.2.3.1; revising S4.2.2.3.2; revising the first sentence 
of S4.3 Labeling Requirements introductory paragraph; revising the 
first sentence of S4.3.5; revising S5.2.2.1; revising S5.3.2.1; 
revising S5.3.2.3; revising S5.4.1.2; revising S5.4.2.1; revising 
S5.4.2.2; revising S5.4.2.3; revising S5.5.2; revising S5.5.3; and 
revising S5.5.4 to read as follows:


Sec. 571.109  Standard No. 109, New pneumatic tires.

* * * * *
    S4.2.1. General. Each tire shall conform to each of the following:
* * * * *
    (d) It shall incorporate a tread wear indicator that will provide a 
visual indication that the tire has worn to a tread depth of 1.6 mm 
(\1/16\ inch).
* * * * *
    S4.2.2.3.1  When a tubeless tire that has a maximum inflation 
pressure other than 420 kPa (60 psi) is tested in accordance with S5.2, 
the applied force required to unseat the tire bead at the point of 
contact shall be not less than:
    (a) 6,670 N (1,500 pounds) for tires with a designated section 
width of less than 160 mm (6 inches);
    (b) 8,890 N (2,000 pounds) for tires with a designated section 
width of 160 mm (6 inches) or more but less than 205 mm (8 inches);
    (c) 11,120 N (2,500 pounds) for tires with a designated section 
width of 205 mm (8 inches) or more, using the section width specified 
in a submission made by an individual manufacturer, pursuant to 
S4.4.1(a), or in one of the publications described in S4.4.1(b) for the 
applicable tire size designation and type.
    S4.2.2.3.2  When a tire that has a maximum inflation pressure of 
420 kPa

[[Page 28915]]

(60 psi) is tested in accordance with S5.2, the applied force required 
to unseat the bead at the point of contact shall be not less than:
    (a) 6,670 N (1,500 pounds) for tires with a maximum load rating of 
less than 399 kg (880 pounds);
    (b) 8,890 N (2,000 pounds) for tires with a maximum load rating of 
399 kg (880 pounds) or more but less than 635 kg (1,400 pounds);
    (c) 11,120 N (2,500 pounds) for tires with a maximum load rating of 
635 kg (1,400 pounds) or more, using the maximum load rating marked on 
the sidewall of the tire.
* * * * *
    S4.3  Labeling Requirements. Except as provided in S4.3.1 and 
S4.3.2, each tire shall have permanently molded into or onto both 
sidewalls, in letters and numerals not less than 2 mm (0.078 inches) 
high, the information shown in paragraphs S4.3 (a) and (g). * * *
* * * * *
    S4.3.5  If the maximum inflation pressure of a tire is 420 kPa (60 
psi), the tire shall have permanently molded into or onto both 
sidewalls, in letters and numerals not less than 12.7 mm (\1/2\ inch), 
the words ``Inflate to 420 kPa (60 psi)''. * * *
* * * * *
    S5.2.2.1  Apply a load through the block to the tire's outer 
sidewall at the distance specified in Figure 1 for the applicable wheel 
size at a rate of 50 mm (2 inches) per minute, with the load arm 
substantially parallel to the tire and rim assembly at the time of 
engagement.
* * * * *
    S5.3.2.1  Force a 19 mm (\3/4\ inch) diameter cylindrical steel 
plunger with a hemispherical end perpendicularly into the tread rib as 
near to the centerline as possible, avoiding penetration into the tread 
groove, at the rate of 50 mm (2 inches) per minute.
* * * * *
    S5.3.2.3  Compute the breaking energy for each test point by means 
of one of the two following formulas:

W=[(F x P)/2] x 10<SUP> x 3</SUP> (joules)

Where
W=Energy, in joules;
F=Force, Newtons; and
P=Penetration, mm; or

W=[(F x P)/2]

Where
W=Energy, inch-pounds;
F=Force, pounds; and
P=Penetration, inches.
* * * * *
    S5.4.1.2  Condition the tire assembly to 38 deg.<plus-minus>3 deg. 
C (100 deg.<plus-minus>5 deg. F) for at least three hours.
* * * * *
    S5.4.2.1  Mount the tire and wheel assembly on a test axle and 
press it against a flat-faced steel test wheel 1708 mm (67.23 inches) 
in diameter and at least as wide as the section width of the tire to be 
tested or an approved equivalent test wheel, with the applicable test 
load specified in the table in S5.4.2.3 for the tire's size 
designation, type and maximum permissible inflation pressure.
    S5.4.2.2  During the test, the air surrounding the test area shall 
be 38 deg.<plus-minus>3 deg. C (100 deg.<plus-minus>5 deg. F).
    S5.4.2.3  Conduct the test at 80 kilometers per hour (km/h)(50 
miles per hour) in accordance with the following schedule without 
pressure adjustment or other interruptions:
    The loads for the following periods are the specified percentage of 
the maximum load rating marked on the tire sidewall:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                 Percent
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 hours.......................................................        85
6 hours.......................................................        90
24 hours......................................................       100
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    S5.5.2  Break in the tire by running it for 2 hours at 80 km/h (50 
mph).
    S5.5.3  Allow to cool to 38 deg.<plus-minus>3 deg. C 
(100 deg.<plus-minus>5 deg. F) and readjust the inflation pressure to 
the applicable pressure specified in Table II.
    S5.5.4  Without readjusting inflation pressure, test at 121 km/h 
(75 mph) for 30 minutes, 129 km/h (80 mph) for 30 minutes, and 137 km/h 
(85 mph) for 30 minutes.
* * * * *
    3. In Sec. 571.109, Figure 1--``Bead Unseating Fixture--Dimensions 
in Inches'', the Table titled ``Figures for Standard No. 109'', Figure 
2--``Diagram of Beat Unseating Block Dimensions in Inches'', and Figure 
2A--``Diagram of Bead Unseating Block--Dimensions in Inches'' after S6, 
and preceding Appendix A, are revised to read as follows:

BILLING CODE 4910-59-P

[[Page 28916]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR27MY98.013



BILLING CODE 4910-59-C

                                            Figures for Standard 109                                            
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               Dimension ``A'' for tires with maximum inflation pressure        
                                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Wheel sizes                                        Other than                                      
                                         Other than 60 psi       420 kPa             60 psi            420 kPa  
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
19..................................  13.00 in...............          330  12.00 in...............          305
18..................................  12.50 in...............          318  11.40 in...............          290
17..................................  12.00 in...............          305  10.60 in...............          269
16..................................  11.50 in...............          292  9.90 in................          251
15..................................  11.00 in...............          279  9.40 in................          239
14..................................  10.50 in...............          267  8.90 in................          226
13..................................  10.00 in...............          254  8.40 in................          213
12..................................  9.50 in................          241  .......................  ...........
11..................................  9.00 in................          229  .......................  ...........
10..................................  8.50 in................          216  .......................  ...........
320.................................  8.50 in................          216  .......................  ...........
340.................................  9.00 in................          229  .......................  ...........
345.................................  9.25 in................          235  .......................  ...........
365.................................  9.75 in................          248  .......................  ...........
370.................................  10.00 in...............          254  .......................  ...........
390.................................  11.00 in...............          279  .......................  ...........
415.................................  11.50 in...............          292  .......................  ...........
400<SUP>1................................  10.25 in...............          260  .......................  ...........
425<SUP>1................................  10.75 in...............          273  .......................  ...........
450<SUP>1................................  11.25 in...............          286  .......................  ...........
475<SUP>1................................  11.75 in...............          298  .......................  ...........
500<SUP>1................................  12.25 in...............          311                                      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<SUP>1 For CT Tires only.                                                                                            


BILLING CODE 4910-59-P

[[Page 28917]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR27MY98.014



[[Page 28918]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR27MY98.015



BILLING CODE 4910-59-C

[[Page 28919]]

    4. In Sec. 571.109, in Appendix A, Table 1-A--``For Bias Ply Tires 
with Designated Section Width of 6 Inches and Above'', Table 1-B ``For 
Bias Ply Tires with Designated Section Width Below 6 Inches'', Table 1-
C ``For Radial Ply Tires'', Table 1-D ``For Tires with 60 lb/in\2\ 
Maximum Permissible Inflation Pressure and Maximum Load Rating Below 
880 Lb. And Above'', and Table 1-E ``For Tires With 60 lb/in\2\ Maximum 
Permissible Inflation Pressure and Maximum Load Rating Below 880 Lb'' 
are revised to read as follows:

Appendix A--Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 109

                                                                                                                                                        
                               Table I-A.--For Bias Ply Tires With Designated Section Width of 152 mm (6 Inches) and Above                              
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        Cord material                             32 psi       36 psi       40 psi      240 kPa      280 kPa      300 kPa      340 kPa  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rayon:                                                                                                                                                  
    (in-lbs).................................................        1,650        2,574        3,300        1,650        3,300        1,650        3,300
    (joules).................................................          186          291          373          186          373          186          373
Nylon or polyester:                                                                                                                                     
    (in-lbs).................................................        2,600        3,900        5,200        2,600        5,200        2,600        5,200
    (joules).................................................          294          441          588          294          588          294          588
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                  Table I-B.--For Bias Ply Tires With Designated Section Width Below 152 mm (6 Inches)                                  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        Cord material                             32 psi       36 psi       40 psi      240 kPa      280 kPa      300 kPa      340 kPA  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rayon:                                                                                                                                                  
    (in-lbs).................................................        1,000        1,875        2,500        1,000        2,500        1,000        2,500
    (joules).................................................          113          212          282          113          282          113          282
Nylon or polyester:                                                                                                                                     
    (in-lbs).................................................        1,950        2,925        3,900        1,950        3,900        1,950        3,900
    (joules).................................................          220          330          441          220          441          220          441
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                                                                                                                                        
                                                            Table I-C.--For Radial Ply Tires                                                            
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                     Maximum permissible inflation                                      
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                     Tires other than CT tires                                     CT tires             
              Size designation               -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         psi                                 kPa                                      kPa               
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 32       36       40      240      280      300      340      350      290      330      350      390  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Below 160 mm:                                                                                                                                           
    (in-lbs)................................    1,950    2,925    3,900    1,950    3,900    1,950    3,900    1,950    1,950    3,900    1,950    3,900
    (joules)................................      220      330      441      220      441      220      441      220      220      441      220      441
160 mm or above:                                                                                                                                        
    (in-lbs)................................    2,600    3,900    5,200    2,600    5,200    2,600    5,200    2,600    2,600    5,200    2,600    5,200
    (joules)................................      294      441      588      294      588      294      588      294      294      588      294      588
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


 Table I-D.--For Tires With 420 kPa (60 psi) Maximum Permissible Inflation Pressure and Maximum Load Rating 399 
                                              kg (880 lb) and Above                                             
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     Cord material                                       Inch-pounds joules (J)                 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rayon.................................................  1,650 inch pounds 186 joules (J).                       
Nylon or Polyester....................................  2,600 inch pounds 294 joules (J).                       
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Table I-E.--For Tires With 420 kPa (60 psi) Maximum Permissible Inflation Pressure and Maximum Load Rating Below
                                                 399 kg (880 lb)                                                
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     Cord material                                       Inch-pounds joules (J)                 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rayon.................................................  1,000 inch pounds 113 joules (J).                       
Nylon or Polyester....................................  1,950 inch pounds 220 joules (J).                       
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    5. Section 571.117 is amended by revising S6.3 to read as follows:


Sec. 571.117  Standard No. 117, Retreaded pneumatic tires.

* * * * *

[[Page 28920]]

    S6.3  Each retreaded tire shall bear permanent labeling through 
molding, branding, or other method that will produce a permanent label, 
or through the retention of the original casing labeling, in at least 
one location on the tire sidewall, in letters and numbers not less than 
2 mm (0.078 inch) high, consisting of the following information:
* * * * *
    6. In Sec. 571.117, Table I--``Plies'' is revised to read as 
follows:

                                                                     Table I.--Plies                                                                    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                   2ply-4ply (4 ply rating)              4 ply (6 ply rating)                4 ply (8 ply rating)       
                                             -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                Maximum load         Maximum        Maximum load         Maximum        Maximum load         Maximum    
                  Tire Size                  ------------------     Inflation    ------------------     Inflation    ------------------     Inflation   
                                                                    Pressure                            Pressure                            Pressure    
                                                 lb       kg   ------------------    lb       kg   ------------------    lb       kg   -----------------
                                                                  psi      kPa                        psi      kPa                        psi      kPa  
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.00-13.....................................     1010      458       32      220     1080      499       36      250     1140      517       40      275
6.50-13.....................................     1150      552       32      220     1230      558       36      250     1300      590       40      275
7.00-13.....................................     1270      576       32      220     1360      617       36      250     1440      653       40      275
6.45-14.....................................     1120      508       32      220     1200      544       36      250     1270      576       40      275
6.95-14.....................................     1230      558       32      220     1310      594       36      250     1390      630       40      275
7.35-14.....................................     1360      617       32      220     1450      658       36      250     1540      698       40      275
7.75-14.....................................     1500      680       32      220     1600      726       36      250     1690      767       40      275
8.25-14.....................................     1620      735       32      220     1730      785       36      250     1830      830       40      275
8.55-14.....................................     1770      803       32      220     1890      857       36      250     2000      907       40      275
8.85-14.....................................     1860      844       32      220     1990      903       36      250     2100      953       40      275
5.60-15.....................................     0970      440       32      220     1040      472       36      250     1105      501       40      275
5.90-15.....................................     1050      476       32      220     1130      513       36      250     1200      544       40      275
6.85-15.....................................     1230      558       32      220     1320      599       36      250     1390      630       40      275
7.35-15.....................................     1390      630       32      220     1480      671       36      250     1570      712       40      275
7.75-15.....................................     1490      676       32      220     1590      721       36      250     1690      767       40      275
8.15-15.....................................     1610      730       32      220     1720      780       36      250     1820      826       40      275
8.25-15.....................................     1620      735       32      220     1730      785       36      250     1830      830       40      275
8.45-15.....................................     1740      789       32      220     1860      844       36      250     1970      894       40      275
8.55-15.....................................     1770      803       32      220     1890      857       36      250     2000      907       40      275
8.85-15.....................................     1860      844       32      220     1980      898       36      250     2100      953       40      275
9.00-15.....................................     1900      862       32      220     2030      721       36      250     2150      975       40      275
9.15-15.....................................     1970      894       32      220     2100      953       36      250     2230     1012       40      275
8.90-15.....................................     2210     1002       32      220     2360     1070       36      250     2500     1134       40      275
A70-13......................................     1060      481       32      220     1130      513       36      250     1200      544       40      275
D70-13......................................     1320      599       32      220     1410      640       36      250     1490      676       40      275
D70-14......................................     1320      599       32      220     1410      640       36      250     1490      676       40      275
E70-14......................................     1400      635       32      220     1490      676       36      250     1580      717       40      275
F70-14......................................     1500      680       32      220     1610      730       36      250     1700      771       40      275
G70-14......................................     1620      735       32      220     1730      785       36      250     1830      830       40      275
H70-14......................................      177      803       32      220     1890      857       36      250     2010      912       40      275
J70-14......................................     1860      844       32      220     1980      898       36      250     2100      953       40      275
L70-14......................................     1970      894       32      220     2180      989       36      250     2230     1012       40      275
C70-15......................................     1230      558       32      220     1320      599       36      250     1390      630       40      275
D70-15......................................     1320      599       32      220     1410      640       36      250     1490      676       40      275
E70-15......................................     1400      635       32      220     1490      676       36      250     1580      717       40      275
F70-15......................................     1500      680       32      220     1610      730       36      250     1700      771       40      275
G70-15......................................     1620      735       32      220     1730      785       36      250     1830      830       40      275
H70-15......................................     1770      803       32      220     1890      857       36      250     2010      912       40      275
J70-15......................................     1860      844       32      220     1980      898       36      250     2100      953       40      275
K70-15......................................     1900      862       32      220     2030      721       36      250     2150      975       40      275
L70-15......................................     1970      894       32      220     2100      953       36      250     2230     1012       40      275
165-13......................................     1050      476       32      220     1130      513       36      250     1200      544       40      275
175-13......................................     1150      552       32      220     1240      562       36      250     1350      612       40      275
185-13......................................     1270      576       32      220     1390      630       36      250     1510      685       40      275
155R13......................................      950      431       32      220     1015      460       36      250     1075      488       40      275
155R14......................................     1010      458       32      220     1080      499       36      250     1140      517       40      275
155R14......................................     1015      460       32      220     1085      492       36      250     1150      552       40      275
165R13......................................     1010      458       32      220     1080      499       36      250     1140      517       40      275
165R14......................................     1120      508       32      220     1200      544       36      250     1370      621       40      275
165R15......................................     1130      513       32      220     1200      544       36      250     1270      576       40      275
175R14......................................     1230      558       32      220     1310      594       36      250     1390      630       40      275
185R14......................................     1360      617       32      220     1450      658       36      250     1540      698       40      275
185/70R13...................................     1090      494       32      220     1140      517       36      250     1190      540       40      275
145-14 <SUP>1....................................      865      392       32      220      905      411       36      250      935      424       40      275
145-15......................................      895      406       32      220      940      426       36      250      975      442       40      275
195-15......................................     1550      703       32      220     1680      762       36      250     1820      826       40      275
205-15......................................     1770      803       32      220     1840      835       36      250     2000      907       40      275
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<SUP>1 Dash Radial--Not an ``R'' Radial.                                                                                                                     


[[Page 28921]]

    7. Section 571.119 is amended by revising S6.3; revising S6.4; 
revising in S6.5, the introductory paragraph and paragraphs (d) and 
(e); revising S7.1.2; revising in S7.2, paragraph (c); revising in 
S7.3, paragraphs (c), (e), and (f); and revising in S7.4, paragraph (c) 
to read as follows:


Sec. 571.119  Standard No. 119, New pneumatic tires for vehicles other 
than passenger cars.

* * * * *
    S6.3  High speed performance. When tested in accordance with the 
procedures of S7.3, a tire shall meet the requirements set forth in 
S6.1.1 and S6.1.2(a) and (b). However, this requirement applies only to 
motorcycle tires and to non-speed-restricted tires of nominal rim 
diameter code 14.5 or less marked load range A, B, C, or D.
    S6.4  Treadwear indicators. Except as specified in this paragraph, 
each tire shall have at least six treadwear indicators spaced 
approximately equally around the circumference of the tire that enable 
a person inspecting the tire to determine visually whether the tire has 
worn to a tread depth of 1.6 mm (one-sixteenth of an inch). Tires with 
a rim diameter code of 12 or smaller shall have at least three such 
treadwear indicators. Motorcycle tires shall have at least three such 
indicators which permit visual determination that the tire has worn to 
a tread depth of 0.8 mm (one-thirty-second of an inch).
    S6.5  Tire markings. Except as specified in this paragraph, each 
tire shall be marked on each sidewall with the information specified in 
paragraphs (a) through (j) of this section. The markings shall be 
placed between the maximum section width (exclusive of sidewall 
decorations or curb ribs) and the bead on at least one sidewall, unless 
the maximum section width of the tire is located in an area which is 
not more than one-fourth of the distance from the bead to the shoulder 
of the tire. If the maximum section width falls within that area, the 
markings shall appear between the bead and a point one-half the 
distance from the bead to the shoulder of the tire, on at least one 
sidewall. The markings shall be in letters and numerals not less than 2 
mm (0.078 inch) high and raised above or sunk below the tire surface 
not less that 0.4 mm (0.015 inch), except that the marking depth shall 
be not less than 0.25mm (0.010 inch) in the case of motorcycle tires. 
The tire identification and the DOT symbol labeling shall comply with 
part 574 of this chapter. Markings may appear on only one sidewall and 
the entire sidewall area may be used in the case of motorcycle tires 
and recreational, boat, baggage, and special trailer tires.
* * * * *
    (d) The maximum load rating and corresponding inflation pressure of 
the tire, shown as follows:
    (Mark on tires rated for single and dual load): Max load single 
____kg (____lb) at ____kPa (____psi) cold. Max load dual ____kg 
(____lb) at ____kPa (____psi) cold.
    (Mark on tires rated only for single load): Max load ____kg 
(____lb) at ____kPa (____psi) cold.

    (e) The speed restriction of the tire, if 88 km/h (55 mph) or less, 
shown as follows:

Max speed ____km/h (____mph).
* * * * *
    S7.1.2  The tire must be capable of meeting the requirements of 
S7.2 and S7.4 when conditioned to a temperature of 35 deg. C (95 deg. 
F) for 3 hours before the test is conducted, and with an ambient 
temperature maintained at 35 deg. C (95 deg. F) during all phases of 
testing. The tire must be capable of meeting the requirements of S7.3 
when conditioned at a temperature of 21 deg. C (70 deg. F) for 3 hours 
before the test is conducted.
    S7.2  Endurance.
* * * * *
    (c) Mount the tire-rim assembly on an axle and press it against a 
flat-faced steel test wheel that is 1708 mm (67.23 inches) in diameter 
and at least as wide as the tread of the tire.
* * * * *
    S7.3  Strength.
* * * * *
    (c) Force a cylindrical steel plunger, with a hemispherical end and 
of the diameter specified in Table I for the tire size, perpendicularly 
into a raised tread element as near as possible to the centerline of 
the tread, at a rate of 50 mm (2 inches) per minute, until the tire 
breaks or the plunger is stopped by the rim.
* * * * *
    (e) Repeat the plunger application at 72 deg. intervals around the 
circumference of the tire, until five measurements are made. However, 
in the case of tires of 12 inch rim diameter code or smaller, repeat 
the plunger application at 120 deg. intervals around the circumference 
of the tire, until three measurements are made.
    (f) Compute the breaking energy for each test point by one of the 
two following formulas:

(1)  W = [(F  x  P)/2]  x  10<SUP>-3</SUP> (joules)

Where:

W = Breaking energy (in joules) (kJ)
F = Force in newtons (N) and
P = Penetration in millimeters (mm), or;

(2)  W = (FP/2)

Where:
W = Breaking energy in inch-pounds,
F = Force in pounds,
P = Penetration in inches.
* * * * *
    S7.4  High speed performance.
* * * * *
    (c) Remove the load, allow the tire to cool to 35 deg. C (95 deg. 
F), and then adjust the pressure to that marked on the tire for single 
tire use.
* * * * *
    8. In Sec. 571.119, Table I--``Strength Test Plunger Diameter'', 
Table II--``Minimum Static Breaking Energy (Inch-Pounds)'', and Table 
III--``Endurance Test Schedule'' that follow paragraph (e) of S7.4 is 
revised to read as follows:

                Table I.--Strength Test Plunger Diameter                
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                    Plunger diameter    
                                               -------------------------
                                                    (mm)       (inches) 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tire type:                                                              
    Light truck...............................        19.05        \3/4\
    Motorcycle................................  ...........       \5/16\
    Tires for 12 rim diameter code or smaller                           
     rims except motorcycle...................        19.05        \3/4\
Tires other than the above types:                                       
    Tubeless:                                                           
        17.5 diameter code or smaller rims....        19.05        \3/4\
    Larger than 17.5 rim diameter code rims:                            
        Load range F or less..................        31.75       1\1/4\
        Load range over F.....................        38.10       1\1/2\

[[Page 28922]]

                                                                        
    Tube type:                                                          
        Load range F or less..................        31.75       1\1/4\
        Load range over F.....................        38.10       1\1/2\
------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                                       Table II.--Minimum Static Breaking Energy (Joules (J)* and Inch-Pounds (inch-lbs))                                                       
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     Load range                                          All 12 rim     Light truck 17.5      Tube type         Tubeless          Tube type         Tubeless    
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- diameter code or    rim diameter   -----------------------------------------------------------------------
                        Tire characteristic                            Motorcycle     smaller rim size   code or smaller                                                                        
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   rim tubeless               1\1/                                1\1/                   
                                                                               \5/                     ------------------            4\''             inch-              2\''             inch- 
                                                                              16\''            \3/4\''           \3/4\''  31.75 J   inch-      J       lbs    38.10 J   inch-      J       lbs  
                 Plunger diameter (mm and inches)                    7.94 J   inch-   19.05 J   inch-   19.05 J   inch-              lbs                                 lbs                    
                                                                               lbs               lbs               lbs                                                                          
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A.................................................................       16      150       67      600      225    2,000  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......
B.................................................................       33      300      135    1,200      293    2,600  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......
C.................................................................       45      400      203    1,800      361    3,200      768    6,800      576    5,100  .......  .......  .......  .......
D.................................................................  .......  .......      271    2,400      514    4,550      892    7,900      734    6,500  .......  .......  .......  .......
E.................................................................  .......  .......      338    3,000      576    5,100    1,412   12,500      971    8,600  .......  .......  .......  .......
F.................................................................  .......  .......      406    3,600      644    5,700    1,785   15,800    1,412   12,500  .......  .......  .......  .......
G.................................................................  .......  .......  .......  .......      711    6,300  .......  .......  .......  .......    2,282   20,200    1,694   15,000
H.................................................................  .......  .......  .......  .......      768    6,800  .......  .......  .......  .......    2,598   23,000    2,090   18,500
J.................................................................  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......    2,824   25,000    2,203   19,500
L.................................................................  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......    3,050   27,000  .......  .......
M.................................................................  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......    3,220   28,500  .......  .......
N.................................................................  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......  .......    3,389   30,000  .......  .......
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: For rayon cord tires, applicable energy values are 60 percent of those in table.                                                                                                          
*J measurements are rounded down to the nearest whole number.                                                                                                                                   


                                                           Table III.--Endurance Test Schedule                                                          
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                        Test load: Percent of maximum load              
                                                                                                                      rating                  Total best
                  Description                                  Load range                 Test wheel --------------------------------------- revolutions
                                                                                         speed (r/m)                  II--16      III--24    (thousands)
                                                                                                       I--7 hours     hours        hours                
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Speed restricted service:                                                                                                                               
    88 km/h (55 mph)...........................                                                                                                         
    80 km/h (50 mph)...........................  All...................................          125           66           84          101        352.0
                                                 C, D..................................          150           75           97          114        432.0
    56 km/h (35 mph)...........................  E, F, G, H, J, L......................          100           66           84          101        282.5
Motorcycle.....................................  All...................................           75           66           84          101        211.0
All other......................................  All...................................          250      \1\ 100      \2\ 108          117        510.0
                                                 A, B, C, D............................          250           75       \2\ 97          114  ...........
                                                 E.....................................          200           70           88          106        546.0
                                                 F.....................................          200           66           84          101        564.0
                                                 G.....................................          175           66           84          101        493.5
                                                 H, J, L, N............................          150           66           84          101       423.5 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ 4 hr., for tire sizes subject to high speed requirements (S6.3).                                                                                    
\2\ 6 hr., for tire sizes subject to high speed requirements (S6.3).                                                                                    

Sec. 571.120  [Amended]

    9. Section 571.120 is amended by revising ``TRUCK EXAMPLE--SUITABLE 
TIRE-RIM CHOICE'' at the end of S5.3.2, and before S5.3.3, to read as 
follows:
    S5.3.2. Rims.
* * * * *
TRUCK EXAMPLE--SUITABLE TIRE-RIM CHOICE
GVWR: 7,840 KG (17,289 LB)
GAWR: FRONT--2,850 KG (6,280 LB) WITH 7.50-20(D) TIRES, 20 X 6.00 
RIMS AT 520 KPA (75 PSI) COLD SINGLE
GAWR: REAR--4,990 KG (11,000 LB) WITH 7.50-20(D) TIRES, 20 X 6.00 
RIMS, AT 450 KPA (65 PSI) COLD DUAL
GVWR: 13,280 KG (29,279 LB)
GAWR: FRONT--4,826 KG (10,640 LB) WITH 10.00-20(F) TIRES, 20 X 7.50 
RIMS, AT 620 KPA (90 PSI) COLD SINGLE
GAWR: REAR--8,454 KG (18,639 LB) WITH 10.00-20(F) TIRES, 20 X 2.70 
RIMS, AT 550 KPA (80 PSI) COLD DUAL
* * * * *
    Issued: May 13, 1998.
Ricardo Martinez,
Administrator.
[FR Doc. 98-13432 Filed 5-26-98; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-59-P