Table 3.27a. Conservation by Census Region and Climate Zone, 

 Million U.S. Households, 1993

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Census Region Climate Zone

RSE

Row

Factors

Northeast Midwest South West

Fewer than

2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.4 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 2.3 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.2

Total ..................................................... 96.6 19.5 23.3 33.5 20.4 8.7 26.5 22.5 17.8 21.2 6.5

Adequacy of Insulation

(all households)

 Well Insulated ..................................... 36.0 7.2 8.8 13.1 6.9 3.5 10.3 8.1 5.9 8.2 6.2

 Adequately Insulated .......................... 38.4 8.1 9.5 12.7 8.1 3.5 10.3 9.4 6.8 8.5 5.2

 Poorly Insulated .................................. 22.2 4.2 5.0 7.7 5.4 1.7 6.0 4.9 5.1 4.5 7.2

Demand-Side

Management Programs

 Were Any Offered by a Utility

 Yes ................................................... 34.8 7.1 8.9 10.4 8.4 4.8 9.8 6.9 6.3 7.0 6.2

 No ..................................................... 40.0 8.2 9.0 15.6 7.1 2.3 10.4 11.0 7.3 9.0 7.9

 Don’t Know ....................................... 21.8 4.1 5.4 7.5 4.8 1.6 6.3 4.5 4.3 5.2 8.5

 Program Participation

 in Past 12 Months 

 No Program Offered ......................... 40.0 8.2 9.0 15.6 7.1 2.3 10.4 11.0 7.3 9.0 7.9

 Don’t Know ....................................... 2.7 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.4 16.8

 No ..................................................... 46.4 9.0 11.7 14.8 10.9 5.0 13.4 8.8 8.8 10.4 5.9

 Yes (more than one may apply) ....... 7.6 1.6 1.9 2.4 1.8 1.2 2.1 1.8 1.2 1.4 13.0

 Energy Audit ................................... 1.4 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 23.0

 Load-Control Program .................... 2.6 0.2 0.8 1.3 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.7 25.1

 Equipment or Service ..................... 1.7 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 25.2

 Rebate or Incentive ........................ 0.5 Q 0.2 Q 0.2 0.1 Q Q Q Q 35.6

 Encouraged to Switch Fuels ........... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Time-of-Use Rate ........................... 1.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 29.5

Does the Home Have

Any of the Following:

 Set-Back/Clock Thermostat

 Yes ..................................................... 10.8 2.9 2.0 2.9 3.2 0.5 2.9 2.8 2.0 2.7 12.4

 No ....................................................... 85.8 16.6 21.3 30.6 17.2 8.2 23.6 19.7 15.8 18.5 4.5

 Regular Heating System/

 Furnace Maintenance

 Yes ................................................... 49.4 12.9 13.8 14.1 8.7 5.7 15.9 12.4 6.0 9.5 5.8

 No ..................................................... 47.2 6.6 9.5 19.4 11.6 3.0 10.6 10.1 11.8 11.7 6.5

 Trees Shading the

 Afternoon Summer Sun

 Yes ................................................... 44.9 7.9 10.6 17.1 9.4 4.1 11.3 10.1 8.5 11.0 6.5

 No ..................................................... 51.7 11.6 12.7 16.4 10.9 4.6 15.2 12.3 9.3 10.2 5.6

See footnotes at end of table.

156 Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993
Table 3.27b. Conservation by Census Region and Climate Zone, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1993

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Census Region Climate Zone

RSE

Row

Factors

Northeast Midwest South West

Fewer than

2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.5 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.1

Total ..................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Adequacy of Insulation

(all households)

 Well Insulated ..................................... 37.3 37.1 37.9 39.0 34.0 40.3 38.8 36.2 33.4 38.7 3.8

 Adequately Insulated .......................... 39.7 41.5 40.8 38.0 39.6 40.3 38.7 41.8 38.0 40.0 3.2

 Poorly Insulated .................................. 23.0 21.4 21.2 23.0 26.4 19.4 22.5 22.0 28.6 21.3 5.3

Demand-Side

Management Programs

 Were Any Offered by a Utility

 Yes ................................................... 36.0 36.7 38.3 30.9 41.3 55.6 37.1 30.7 35.2 33.1 4.8

 No ..................................................... 41.3 42.3 38.5 46.6 35.0 25.9 39.3 49.2 40.9 42.3 5.8

 Don’t Know ....................................... 22.6 21.0 23.2 22.5 23.7 18.5 23.6 20.1 23.9 24.6 6.8

 Program Participation

 in Past 12 Months 

 No Program Offered ......................... 41.3 42.3 38.5 46.6 35.0 25.9 39.3 49.2 40.9 42.3 5.8

 Don’t Know ....................................... 2.8 3.1 3.0 2.3 3.0 3.2 2.3 3.9 3.1 1.7 16.5

 No ..................................................... 48.0 46.2 50.3 44.1 53.3 57.5 50.5 39.0 49.3 49.3 3.9

 Yes (more than one may apply) ....... 7.9 8.3 8.2 7.0 8.6 13.4 7.9 7.9 6.6 6.6 12.0

 Energy Audit ................................... 1.5 1.4 2.0 1.0 1.9 3.7 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.2 22.3

 Load-Control Program .................... 2.7 0.9 3.4 3.9 1.4 5.5 1.6 2.8 1.8 3.3 24.6

 Equipment or Service ..................... 1.7 2.0 1.3 1.3 2.7 3.5 2.1 1.5 1.1 1.3 24.9

 Rebate or Incentive ........................ 0.5 Q 0.9 Q 0.9 1.6 Q Q Q Q 32.7

 Encouraged to Switch Fuels ........... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Time-of-Use Rate ........................... 1.6 1.9 2.1 1.4 1.2 4.2 1.2 2.0 0.9 1.3 29.5

Does the Home Have

Any of the Following:

 Set-Back/Clock Thermostat

 Yes ..................................................... 11.2 14.7 8.5 8.6 15.5 5.6 11.0 12.4 11.4 12.5 11.8

 No ....................................................... 88.8 85.3 91.5 91.4 84.5 94.4 89.0 87.6 88.6 87.5 1.6

 Regular Heating System/

 Furnace Maintenance

 Yes ................................................... 51.1 66.0 59.2 42.0 42.8 65.5 59.9 55.1 33.8 44.7 3.8

 No ..................................................... 48.9 34.0 40.8 58.0 57.2 34.5 40.1 44.9 66.2 55.3 4.1

 Trees Shading the

 Afternoon Summer Sun

 Yes ................................................... 46.5 40.3 45.4 51.0 46.2 46.7 42.5 45.1 47.5 51.9 4.0

 No ..................................................... 53.5 59.7 54.6 49.0 53.8 53.3 57.5 54.9 52.5 48.1 3.4

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993 157
Table 3.27a. Conservation by Census Region and Climate Zone, 

 Million U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Census Region Climate Zone

RSE

Row

Factors

Northeast Midwest South West

Fewer than

2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.4 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 2.3 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.2

Doors and Windows

 Glass in Sliding

 Doors to the Outside

 Single Pane ...................................... 12.2 0.4 0.8 5.4 5.6 0.2 1.2 1.5 4.1 5.2 11.3

 Double Pane ..................................... 18.3 3.7 6.0 4.7 3.9 1.9 6.7 5.0 1.9 2.8 9.1

 Untreated ........................................ 17.5 3.5 5.7 4.5 3.8 1.8 6.4 4.8 1.8 2.7 9.4

 Low-E Coating ................................ 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 Q Q 24.8

 Triple Pane ....................................... 0.4 0.1 Q Q Q Q 0.2 Q Q Q 43.3

 No Doors ....................................... 65.8 15.2 16.3 23.4 10.8 6.6 18.4 15.9 11.7 13.2 5.3

 Glass in Most Windows

 Single Pane ...................................... 61.5 10.0 13.0 24.0 14.4 4.8 14.3 11.9 14.3 16.2 4.4

 Double Pane ..................................... 34.2 9.2 9.9 9.2 5.9 3.8 11.8 10.3 3.4 4.8 5.9

 Untreated ........................................ 32.5 8.7 9.3 8.9 5.7 3.4 11.3 9.9 3.3 4.6 6.2

 Low-E Coating ................................ 1.7 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.2 23.7

 Triple Pane ....................................... 0.9 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 Q Q 26.2

 Coverings on Windows

 Storm Windows ................................ 36.5 10.5 14.1 9.8 2.1 5.5 14.4 10.0 3.4 3.1 8.5

 Plastic Coverings .............................. 3.7 0.5 1.0 1.3 0.9 0.4 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.8 17.9

 Neither .............................................. 56.4 8.5 8.2 22.3 17.3 2.8 10.9 11.7 13.8 17.2 5.2

 Frames in Most Windows 

 Metal ................................................. 53.3 8.0 8.4 22.4 14.5 2.1 11.0 11.8 11.3 17.1 5.9

 Nonmetal .......................................... 43.3 11.5 14.9 11.0 5.9 6.6 15.5 10.6 6.4 4.0 7.1

 Number of Original 

 Windows Replaced

 All ...................................................... 10.7 4.3 2.8 2.3 1.4 1.0 3.5 3.8 1.3 1.0 11.5

 Some ................................................ 15.5 3.6 4.4 3.7 3.8 2.2 4.5 3.5 3.0 2.4 9.8

 None ................................................. 70.3 11.6 16.1 27.4 15.2 5.4 18.5 15.2 13.5 17.7 4.4

 Type of Replacement Windows

 Single Pane ...................................... 10.3 2.0 2.0 3.3 2.9 1.0 2.1 2.0 2.8 2.4 10.0

 Double Pane ..................................... 15.2 5.7 4.7 2.6 2.2 2.1 5.5 5.1 1.5 1.0 10.3

 Untreated ........................................ 13.7 5.2 4.2 2.4 2.0 1.8 5.0 4.6 1.4 0.9 10.7

 Low-E Coating ................................ 1.5 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.2 Q 25.4

 Triple Pane ....................................... 0.7 0.2 0.4 Q Q Q 0.4 Q Q Q 21.7

 None Replaced ................................. 70.4 11.6 16.1 27.5 15.2 5.4 18.5 15.2 13.5 17.8 4.4

 Age of Replacement Windows

 Less than 2 Years ............................. 7.2 1.9 1.8 2.0 1.5 1.0 2.0 1.5 1.4 1.2 12.2

 2-4 Years .......................................... 7.1 2.3 1.7 1.8 1.4 0.7 1.9 2.5 1.1 1.0 12.8

 5-9 Years .......................................... 6.5 2.1 2.0 1.3 1.2 0.7 2.0 2.0 1.0 0.7 11.2

 10-19 Years ...................................... 4.2 1.3 1.3 0.8 0.8 0.6 1.6 1.0 0.6 0.5 15.2

 20 Years or More .............................. 1.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.2 Q 24.4

 None Replaced ................................. 70.4 11.6 16.1 27.5 15.2 5.4 18.5 15.2 13.5 17.8 4.4

See footnotes at end of table.

158 Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993
Table 3.27b. Conservation by Census Region and Climate Zone, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Census Region Climate Zone

RSE

Row

Factors

Northeast Midwest South West

Fewer than

2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.5 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.1

Doors and Windows

 Glass in Sliding

 Doors to the Outside

 Single Pane ...................................... 12.6 2.2 3.5 16.0 27.5 Q 4.6 6.6 23.3 24.6 10.2

 Double Pane ..................................... 18.9 19.1 25.6 13.9 19.2 21.9 25.2 22.3 10.7 13.0 8.4

 Untreated ........................................ 18.1 17.8 24.5 13.5 18.6 20.5 24.2 21.2 10.3 12.8 8.6

 Low-E Coating ................................ 0.8 1.3 1.0 0.5 0.6 1.4 1.1 1.1 Q Q 24.6

 Triple Pane ....................................... 0.4 0.6 Q Q Q Q 0.7 Q Q Q 39.8

 No Doors ....................................... 68.1 78.1 70.1 69.9 53.1 75.4 69.5 70.7 66.0 62.3 3.0

 Glass in Most Windows

 Single Pane ...................................... 63.6 51.6 55.9 71.7 70.7 55.1 54.0 53.0 80.1 76.5 2.2

 Double Pane ..................................... 35.4 47.3 42.3 27.6 28.8 43.4 44.5 46.0 19.3 22.8 4.0

 Untreated ........................................ 33.6 44.4 39.9 26.5 27.8 39.3 42.5 44.0 18.5 21.9 4.3

 Low-E Coating ................................ 1.7 2.9 2.4 1.1 0.9 4.1 2.0 2.1 0.8 0.9 23.4

 Triple Pane ....................................... 0.9 1.1 1.8 0.4 0.5 1.5 1.4 1.0 Q Q 24.4

 Coverings on Windows

 Storm Windows ................................ 37.8 53.8 60.6 29.2 10.4 63.6 54.5 44.4 19.3 14.8 5.9

 Plastic Coverings .............................. 3.8 2.5 4.1 4.0 4.4 4.4 4.2 3.4 3.3 3.9 17.2

 Neither .............................................. 58.3 43.7 35.3 66.6 85.2 32.0 41.3 52.2 77.4 81.0 3.8

 Frames in Most Windows 

 Metal ................................................. 55.1 41.0 36.0 66.9 71.1 23.6 41.4 52.7 63.7 80.6 4.1

 Nonmetal .......................................... 44.8 59.0 64.0 32.8 28.9 76.4 58.6 47.3 36.2 19.0 4.8

 Number of Original 

 Windows Replaced

 All ...................................................... 11.0 21.9 11.9 6.7 6.7 11.9 13.3 16.8 7.3 4.8 10.0

 Some ................................................ 16.1 18.7 18.8 11.2 18.5 25.7 16.8 15.4 16.9 11.3 8.0

 None ................................................. 72.8 59.4 69.3 81.8 74.8 62.4 69.9 67.8 75.7 83.5 2.3

 Type of Replacement Windows

 Single Pane ...................................... 10.6 10.4 8.6 9.9 14.5 11.8 7.9 8.9 15.5 11.3 8.4

 Double Pane ..................................... 15.8 29.3 20.3 7.8 10.7 24.7 20.6 22.8 8.6 4.7 8.7

 Untreated ........................................ 14.2 26.7 17.8 7.1 9.7 20.5 18.9 20.7 7.6 4.3 8.9

 Low-E Coating ................................ 1.6 2.6 2.5 0.7 1.1 4.1 1.7 2.1 1.0 Q 24.5

 Triple Pane ....................................... 0.7 0.9 1.8 Q Q Q 1.6 Q Q Q 18.3

 None Replaced ................................. 72.9 59.4 69.3 82.1 74.8 62.4 69.9 67.8 75.8 83.9 2.3

 Age of Replacement Windows

 Less than 2 Years ............................. 7.5 9.7 7.8 5.8 7.5 11.7 7.7 6.9 7.9 5.7 10.5

 2-4 Years .......................................... 7.3 11.6 7.3 5.3 6.7 8.3 7.1 11.0 5.9 4.6 11.5

 5-9 Years .......................................... 6.7 10.5 8.4 3.9 5.7 8.4 7.7 9.0 5.7 3.2 9.9

 10-19 Years ...................................... 4.3 6.6 5.6 2.4 3.8 6.4 5.9 4.5 3.4 2.2 13.9

 20 Years or More .............................. 1.3 2.1 1.5 0.5 1.5 2.8 1.8 0.9 1.2 Q 23.9

 None Replaced ................................. 72.9 59.4 69.3 82.1 74.8 62.4 69.9 67.8 75.8 83.9 2.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993 159
Table 3.27a. Conservation by Census Region and Climate Zone, 

 Million U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Census Region Climate Zone

RSE

Row

Factors

Northeast Midwest South West

Fewer than

2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.4 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 2.3 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.2

Conservation Measures

(Single-Family Units and

 Mobile Homes Only) ............................ 72.4 12.5 18.0 27.4 14.5 7.3 18.9 16.0 13.2 17.0 5.3

Types of Insulation

in/around Home

 Roof/Ceiling

 Yes ................................................... 58.6 10.4 15.1 21.8 11.4 6.5 15.8 13.1 9.8 13.5 6.0

 No ..................................................... 6.4 1.0 1.3 2.6 1.5 0.4 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.6 15.0

 Don’t Know ....................................... 7.4 1.1 1.6 3.0 1.7 0.4 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.9 11.8

 Outside Walls

 Yes ................................................... 50.7 9.4 13.7 18.6 8.9 6.0 14.3 11.5 7.5 11.4 7.0

 No ..................................................... 11.4 1.7 2.1 4.4 3.3 0.6 2.3 2.4 3.2 2.9 12.5

 Don’t Know ....................................... 10.3 1.4 2.2 4.4 2.3 0.7 2.3 2.1 2.5 2.7 11.5

 Floor Insulation

 No Basement/Crawlspace ................ 17.8 1.4 1.3 10.2 4.9 0.3 1.6 2.3 4.0 9.6 13.9

 Basement/Crawlspace ...................... 49.0 10.5 15.3 14.6 8.6 6.3 15.9 12.9 8.3 5.6 6.4

 Heated ............................................ 20.8 5.1 9.2 3.7 2.8 4.2 8.5 5.8 1.5 0.9 10.4

 None or Part Heated ....................... 28.2 5.4 6.1 10.9 5.7 2.1 7.4 7.2 6.8 4.7 8.9

 Floor Not Insulated ....................... 15.7 3.0 4.1 5.6 3.0 1.5 4.2 3.6 3.6 2.7 12.3

 Floor Insulated .............................. 12.5 2.4 2.0 5.4 2.7 0.6 3.2 3.6 3.2 2.0 12.2

 All Parts Insulated ....................... 5.9 1.2 1.1 2.5 1.0 0.4 1.6 1.9 1.3 0.7 14.3

 Some Parts Insulated ................. 1.6 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 Q 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.2 26.5

 Don’t Know ................................. 5.0 0.7 0.6 2.3 1.5 Q 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.0 18.1

 Water Heater

 Yes ................................................... 17.4 3.1 3.8 5.3 5.2 2.2 4.4 3.6 3.9 3.3 9.0

 No ..................................................... 51.5 8.9 13.6 20.4 8.6 5.0 13.8 11.6 8.3 12.8 6.4

 Don’t Know ....................................... 3.5 0.5 0.6 1.7 0.7 0.1 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.8 17.4

 Hot Water Pipes

 Yes ................................................... 21.9 4.2 4.8 9.2 3.7 2.4 5.5 4.8 3.8 5.4 9.2

 No ..................................................... 42.6 7.5 12.2 14.2 8.7 4.7 12.0 9.7 7.3 9.0 6.6

 Don’t Know ....................................... 7.8 0.7 1.0 4.0 2.1 0.2 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.6 13.4

 Heating/Cooling Ducts

 Yes ................................................... 21.4 1.9 3.2 12.6 3.7 1.0 3.6 3.5 4.6 8.7 11.2

 No ..................................................... 42.6 9.6 13.2 11.2 8.6 5.9 13.6 10.6 6.5 5.9 7.1

 Don’t Know ....................................... 8.4 1.0 1.6 3.6 2.2 0.4 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.4 11.6

 Weather Stripping

 Yes ................................................... 45.7 8.7 12.1 16.8 8.1 5.1 12.9 10.1 7.1 10.5 7.2

 No ..................................................... 23.3 3.5 5.3 8.9 5.6 2.0 5.5 5.2 5.1 5.5 8.9

 Don’t Know ....................................... 3.4 0.3 0.6 1.7 0.8 0.2 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.9 18.3

 Caulking

 Yes ................................................... 51.2 9.2 13.7 19.7 8.6 5.7 13.9 11.5 7.9 12.2 6.7

 No ..................................................... 17.1 2.9 3.5 5.9 4.9 1.3 4.1 3.6 4.2 3.9 9.9

 Don’t Know ....................................... 4.1 0.4 0.9 1.8 1.0 0.3 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.9 16.9

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1993 Residential Energy Consumption Survey. 

(For specific titles of forms, see Appendix D.)

160 Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993
Table 3.27b. Conservation by Census Region and Climate Zone, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Census Region Climate Zone

RSE

Row

Factors

Northeast Midwest South West

Fewer than

2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.5 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.1

Conservation Measures

(Single-Family Units and

 Mobile Homes Only) ............................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Types of Insulation

in/around Home

 Roof/Ceiling

 Yes ................................................... 81.0 83.3 83.7 79.5 78.4 89.4 83.4 81.9 74.1 79.2 1.7

 No ..................................................... 8.8 7.9 7.4 9.4 10.2 4.9 7.3 8.0 12.9 9.6 13.0

 Don’t Know ....................................... 10.2 8.8 8.9 11.1 11.4 5.8 9.2 10.1 13.0 11.2 9.8

 Outside Walls

 Yes ................................................... 70.0 75.4 76.4 67.9 61.6 82.1 75.4 72.0 56.9 67.1 3.1

 No ..................................................... 15.8 13.4 11.6 16.1 22.4 8.2 12.4 15.1 24.4 16.9 10.7

 Don’t Know ....................................... 14.2 11.2 12.0 16.0 16.0 9.7 12.2 12.9 18.7 16.0 9.9

 Floor Insulation

 No Basement/Crawlspace ................ 24.6 11.4 7.0 37.1 33.9 4.7 8.3 14.3 30.6 56.2 12.4

 Basement/Crawlspace ...................... 67.7 84.2 85.1 53.4 59.1 86.3 84.0 80.9 62.8 32.9 2.9

 Heated ............................................ 28.8 40.8 51.1 13.5 19.6 57.5 44.9 36.0 11.1 5.4 7.9

 None or Part Heated ....................... 38.9 43.4 34.0 39.8 39.5 28.8 39.2 44.9 51.7 27.5 5.7

 Floor Not Insulated ....................... 21.6 24.2 22.7 20.2 20.8 21.0 22.4 22.2 27.5 15.9 9.3

 Floor Insulated .............................. 17.3 19.3 11.2 19.6 18.7 7.8 16.7 22.6 24.2 11.6 10.4

 All Parts Insulated ....................... 8.2 9.8 6.4 9.3 6.9 5.5 8.2 11.9 9.9 4.3 13.1

 Some Parts Insulated ................. 2.2 4.1 1.7 1.9 1.8 Q 3.0 3.1 1.8 1.4 24.5

 Don’t Know ................................. 6.9 5.4 3.1 8.4 10.1 Q 5.5 7.6 12.5 5.9 16.0

 Water Heater

 Yes ................................................... 24.0 24.9 21.1 19.2 36.1 30.1 23.2 22.6 29.3 19.7 6.9

 No ..................................................... 71.1 71.1 75.5 74.5 59.1 68.3 72.6 72.2 63.3 75.6 2.7

 Don’t Know ....................................... 4.9 4.0 3.4 6.2 4.8 1.7 4.2 5.1 7.4 4.8 15.6

 Hot Water Pipes

 Yes ................................................... 30.3 33.8 26.6 33.6 25.6 32.6 29.1 30.3 28.8 31.8 6.2

 No ..................................................... 58.9 60.5 67.7 51.8 60.1 64.3 63.5 60.5 55.4 52.7 3.3

 Don’t Know ....................................... 10.8 5.8 5.6 14.6 14.3 3.2 7.4 9.2 15.8 15.5 12.1

 Heating/Cooling Ducts

 Yes ................................................... 29.5 15.0 17.9 46.0 25.3 13.3 18.8 22.1 34.9 51.2 8.1

 No ..................................................... 58.8 77.0 73.4 40.7 59.3 81.8 72.0 66.0 49.3 34.9 3.7

 Don’t Know ....................................... 11.7 8.1 8.7 13.2 15.4 4.9 9.2 11.8 15.8 13.9 11.1

 Weather Stripping

 Yes ................................................... 63.2 69.7 67.4 61.1 56.2 69.9 68.3 63.0 53.8 62.0 3.5

 No ..................................................... 32.2 28.1 29.2 32.6 38.5 27.2 28.9 32.4 38.6 32.7 6.8

 Don’t Know ....................................... 4.7 2.2 3.4 6.3 5.4 2.9 2.8 4.6 7.6 5.4 18.1

 Caulking

 Yes ................................................... 70.7 74.0 76.0 71.9 59.1 78.1 73.5 72.0 59.6 72.0 2.7

 No ..................................................... 23.6 22.9 19.2 21.4 33.8 18.4 21.7 22.4 31.7 22.7 7.8

 Don’t Know ....................................... 5.7 3.0 4.8 6.7 7.1 3.5 4.8 5.6 8.7 5.3 15.8

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1993 Residential Energy Consumption Survey. 

(For specific titles of forms, see Appendix D.)

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993 161
Table 3.28a. Conservation by Year of Construction,

 Million U.S. Households, 1993

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Year of Construction

RSE

Row

Factors

1991

 to

19931

1988

 to

1990

1985

to

1987

1980

to

1984

1970

to

1979

1960

to

1969

1950

to

1959

1940

to

1949

1939

or

Before

0.3 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.2 0.8

Total .................................................... 96.6 4.5 4.7 5.5 8.5 18.1 15.0 13.1 6.9 20.4 5.2

Adequacy of Insulation

(all households)

 Well Insulated .................................... 36.0 2.7 2.6 2.6 3.4 6.7 5.9 4.5 2.2 5.5 7.0

 Adequately Insulated ......................... 38.4 1.4 1.5 2.0 3.8 7.9 6.0 5.1 2.7 8.0 7.6

 Poorly Insulated ................................ 22.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.3 3.6 3.1 3.5 2.0 6.9 9.5

Demand-Side

Management Programs

 Were Any Offered by a Utility

 Yes .................................................. 34.8 1.8 1.9 2.4 3.0 6.1 5.1 5.1 2.4 7.1 7.8

 No .................................................... 40.0 1.5 2.0 2.0 3.4 8.2 6.1 5.2 2.9 8.7 7.6

 Don’t Know ...................................... 21.8 1.2 0.8 1.1 2.1 3.9 3.8 2.8 1.6 4.6 9.2

 Program Participation

 in Past 12 Months 

 No Program Offered ........................ 40.0 1.5 2.0 2.0 3.4 8.2 6.1 5.2 2.9 8.7 7.6

 Don’t Know ...................................... 2.7 0.2 0.1 Q 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.7 25.2

 No .................................................... 46.4 2.4 2.0 2.8 4.0 8.0 7.8 6.5 3.4 9.5 6.9

 Yes (more than one may apply) ...... 7.6 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.4 0.8 1.0 0.5 1.5 15.3

 Energy Audit .................................. 1.4 Q 0.1 0.1 Q 0.3 0.2 0.2 Q 0.3 29.8

 Load-Control Program ................... 2.6 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 Q 0.3 26.7

 Equipment or Service .................... 1.7 Q 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 Q 0.4 30.3

 Rebate or Incentive ....................... 0.5 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 61.1

 Encouraged to Switch Fuels ......... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Time-of-Use Rate .......................... 1.6 Q 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 Q 0.3 Q 0.3 31.6

Does the Home Have

Any of the Following:

 Set-Back/Clock Thermostat

 Yes .................................................... 10.8 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.9 1.5 1.7 0.4 1.7 13.7

 No ...................................................... 85.8 3.4 3.8 4.8 7.6 16.2 13.5 11.4 6.5 18.6 5.5

 Regular Heating System/

 Furnace Maintenance

 Yes .................................................. 49.4 2.2 2.5 3.0 4.5 8.6 8.1 6.5 3.3 10.8 6.8

 No .................................................... 47.2 2.2 2.2 2.5 4.0 9.6 6.9 6.6 3.7 9.6 6.9

 Trees Shading the

 Afternoon Summer Sun

 Yes .................................................. 44.9 1.2 1.4 2.1 3.5 8.4 7.6 7.3 3.7 9.8 7.2

 No .................................................... 51.7 3.2 3.3 3.4 5.0 9.7 7.4 5.8 3.3 10.6 6.6

See footnotes at end of table.

162 Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993
Table 3.28b. Conservation by Year of Construction,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1993

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Year of Construction

RSE

Row

Factors

1991

 to

19931

1988

 to

1990

1985

to

1987

1980

to

1984

1970

to

1979

1960

to

1969

1950

to

1959

1940

to

1949

1939

or

Before

0.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.2 0.8

Total .................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Adequacy of Insulation

(all households)

 Well Insulated .................................... 37.3 60.2 55.5 47.3 39.9 36.8 39.2 34.2 32.3 27.0 5.2

 Adequately Insulated ......................... 39.7 31.2 32.0 37.2 44.8 43.6 40.1 38.8 39.2 39.1 5.4

 Poorly Insulated ................................ 23.0 8.6 12.6 15.4 15.3 19.6 20.7 27.0 28.5 33.9 8.3

Demand-Side

Management Programs

 Were Any Offered by a Utility

 Yes .................................................. 36.0 39.8 39.7 42.9 35.2 33.4 34.1 39.4 35.2 34.8 5.9

 No .................................................... 41.3 34.4 42.8 36.9 40.0 45.2 40.3 39.5 41.3 42.8 5.8

 Don’t Know ...................................... 22.6 25.9 17.6 20.2 24.9 21.3 25.5 21.1 23.4 22.4 7.9

 Program Participation

 in Past 12 Months 

 No Program Offered ........................ 41.3 34.4 42.8 36.9 40.0 45.2 40.3 39.5 41.3 42.8 5.8

 Don’t Know ...................................... 2.8 4.2 1.7 Q 2.5 3.1 2.3 2.8 2.8 3.2 24.5

 No .................................................... 48.0 53.5 42.7 50.8 47.7 44.1 51.8 49.8 48.9 46.5 4.5

 Yes (more than one may apply) ...... 7.9 7.9 12.9 10.7 9.8 7.5 5.6 8.0 7.0 7.4 14.5

 Energy Audit .................................. 1.5 Q 3.2 1.4 Q 1.8 1.6 1.2 Q 1.4 29.0

 Load-Control Program ................... 2.7 3.6 6.8 6.3 4.6 2.4 2.1 2.1 Q 1.4 26.1

 Equipment or Service .................... 1.7 Q 3.3 2.7 1.8 2.3 1.2 1.1 Q 2.0 29.2

 Rebate or Incentive ....................... 0.5 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 49.6

 Encouraged to Switch Fuels ......... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Time-of-Use Rate .......................... 1.6 Q 2.9 2.7 1.7 1.4 Q 2.1 Q 1.5 30.1

Does the Home Have

Any of the Following:

 Set-Back/Clock Thermostat

 Yes .................................................... 11.2 23.3 18.9 13.1 10.6 10.5 10.1 13.0 6.2 8.6 12.7

 No ...................................................... 88.8 76.7 81.1 86.9 89.4 89.5 89.9 87.0 93.8 91.4 1.7

 Regular Heating System/

 Furnace Maintenance

 Yes .................................................. 51.1 49.7 53.7 54.2 53.0 47.3 54.2 49.4 47.1 53.0 4.6

 No .................................................... 48.9 50.3 46.3 45.8 47.0 52.7 45.8 50.6 52.9 47.0 4.9

 Trees Shading the

 Afternoon Summer Sun

 Yes .................................................. 46.5 27.5 29.5 37.4 40.8 46.4 50.8 55.7 52.9 48.1 5.3

 No .................................................... 53.5 72.5 70.5 62.6 59.2 53.6 49.2 44.3 47.1 51.9 4.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993 163
Table 3.28a. Conservation by Year of Construction,

 Million U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Year of Construction

RSE

Row

Factors

1991

 to

19931

1988

 to

1990

1985

to

1987

1980

to

1984

1970

to

1979

1960

to

1969

1950

to

1959

1940

to

1949

1939

or

Before

0.3 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.2 0.8

Doors and Windows

 Glass in Sliding

 Doors to the Outside

 Single Pane ..................................... 12.2 0.6 0.6 1.1 1.7 3.7 2.5 1.3 0.4 0.4 14.4

 Double Pane ................................... 18.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.6 4.7 3.7 1.7 0.4 0.9 11.7

 Untreated ...................................... 17.5 1.1 1.3 1.5 2.6 4.5 3.6 1.5 0.4 0.9 12.0

 Low-E Coating ............................... 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 Q 0.1 Q Q Q Q 22.2

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.4 Q Q Q Q 0.2 Q Q Q Q 52.4

 No Doors ...................................... 65.8 2.5 2.7 2.9 4.2 9.5 8.8 10.0 6.1 19.0 5.9

 Glass in Most Windows

 Single Pane ..................................... 61.5 1.6 1.8 2.4 4.9 11.5 9.6 9.5 5.3 15.0 5.8

 Double Pane ................................... 34.2 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.6 6.4 5.2 3.5 1.6 5.1 7.6

 Untreated ...................................... 32.5 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.5 6.2 5.0 3.2 1.4 4.9 7.9

 Low-E Coating ............................... 1.7 0.2 0.2 0.1 Q 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 24.8

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.9 Q Q Q Q 0.2 Q Q Q 0.2 31.9

 Coverings on Windows

 Storm Windows ............................... 36.5 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.9 5.5 5.9 5.2 3.2 11.4 9.0

 Plastic Coverings ............................ 3.7 Q 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.9 22.1

 Neither ............................................. 56.4 3.5 3.5 4.1 6.3 11.8 8.7 7.3 3.3 8.0 6.2

 Frames in Most Windows 

 Metal ............................................... 53.3 3.0 3.2 4.0 6.7 12.8 9.9 6.3 2.5 4.7 7.0

 Nonmetal ......................................... 43.3 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.7 5.2 5.1 6.8 4.4 15.6 7.7

 Number of Original 

 Windows Replaced

 All .................................................... 10.7 Q Q Q 0.2 0.8 1.7 2.5 1.3 4.1 14.0

 Some ............................................... 15.5 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.8 2.1 2.7 2.9 1.6 4.8 12.7

 None ................................................ 70.3 4.3 4.4 5.2 7.5 15.2 10.7 7.7 4.1 11.5 5.5

 Type of Replacement Windows

 Single Pane ..................................... 10.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 1.1 1.4 2.1 1.4 3.6 15.4

 Double Pane ................................... 15.2 Q 0.1 0.2 0.7 1.7 2.8 3.3 1.4 4.9 12.3

 Untreated ...................................... 13.7 Q 0.1 0.1 0.7 1.5 2.5 2.8 1.2 4.6 13.0

 Low-E Coating ............................... 1.5 Q Q Q Q 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 29.4

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.7 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 0.3 26.0

 None Replaced ............................... 70.4 4.3 4.4 5.2 7.5 15.2 10.7 7.7 4.1 11.5 5.5

 Age of Replacement Windows

 Less than 2 Years ........................... 7.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 1.1 1.1 1.4 0.9 1.8 16.7

 2-4 Years ......................................... 7.1 Q 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.9 1.4 1.3 0.6 2.2 16.5

 5-9 Years ......................................... 6.5 Q Q Q 0.2 0.8 1.2 1.4 0.7 2.2 15.1

 10-19 Years ..................................... 4.2 Q Q Q Q Q 0.6 1.1 0.4 1.9 17.2

 20 Years or More ............................ 1.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 0.2 0.8 25.9

 None Replaced ............................... 70.4 4.3 4.4 5.2 7.5 15.2 10.7 7.7 4.1 11.5 5.5

See footnotes at end of table.

164 Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993
Table 3.28b. Conservation by Year of Construction,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Year of Construction

RSE

Row

Factors

1991

 to

19931

1988

 to

1990

1985

to

1987

1980

to

1984

1970

to

1979

1960

to

1969

1950

to

1959

1940

to

1949

1939

or

Before

0.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.2 0.8

Doors and Windows

 Glass in Sliding

 Doors to the Outside

 Single Pane ..................................... 12.6 14.2 12.3 19.1 19.5 20.6 16.5 10.1 5.3 1.9 13.2

 Double Pane ................................... 18.9 28.5 29.6 28.1 30.4 25.8 24.9 12.9 6.3 4.6 9.8

 Untreated ...................................... 18.1 25.1 28.0 26.9 30.4 25.1 23.9 11.8 5.9 4.5 10.1

 Low-E Coating ............................... 0.8 3.4 1.6 1.2 Q 0.7 Q Q Q Q 22.6

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.4 Q Q Q Q 1.0 Q Q Q Q 46.6

 No Doors ...................................... 68.1 57.0 57.9 52.5 49.9 52.6 58.4 76.7 88.4 93.1 3.9

 Glass in Most Windows

 Single Pane ..................................... 63.6 35.0 38.7 43.5 57.3 63.3 64.1 72.4 76.3 73.8 3.6

 Double Pane ................................... 35.4 64.3 60.6 55.6 42.2 35.4 34.9 26.9 22.5 25.0 5.4

 Untreated ...................................... 33.6 59.2 57.2 52.9 41.9 34.1 33.2 24.4 20.8 24.1 5.7

 Low-E Coating ............................... 1.7 5.1 3.4 2.7 Q 1.3 1.7 2.5 1.7 0.9 25.0

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.9 Q Q Q Q 0.8 Q Q Q 1.2 30.0

 Coverings on Windows

 Storm Windows ............................... 37.8 21.2 22.3 22.8 22.4 30.2 39.4 40.2 46.9 56.2 7.1

 Plastic Coverings ............................ 3.8 Q 2.9 3.3 3.6 4.4 2.3 4.2 5.8 4.5 21.1

 Neither ............................................. 58.3 78.2 74.7 73.9 74.0 64.9 58.2 55.6 47.2 39.2 3.8

 Frames in Most Windows 

 Metal ............................................... 55.1 67.3 68.5 73.7 79.4 70.7 66.1 47.9 36.6 23.2 4.1

 Nonmetal ......................................... 44.8 32.7 31.5 26.3 20.6 28.9 33.8 52.1 63.4 76.8 6.1

 Number of Original 

 Windows Replaced

 All .................................................... 11.0 Q Q Q 2.3 4.5 11.1 18.8 18.3 20.1 12.0

 Some ............................................... 16.1 3.7 6.0 3.8 9.6 11.5 17.7 22.5 23.0 23.5 11.7

 None ................................................ 72.8 95.4 93.4 94.3 88.1 83.6 71.1 58.6 58.7 56.5 2.1

 Type of Replacement Windows

 Single Pane ..................................... 10.6 2.1 4.0 2.4 3.2 5.9 9.6 15.9 20.2 17.8 14.6

 Double Pane ................................... 15.8 Q 2.4 3.2 8.6 9.6 18.4 25.1 20.3 24.2 10.8

 Untreated ...................................... 14.2 Q 2.3 2.7 8.3 8.4 16.4 21.6 18.0 22.5 11.5

 Low-E Coating ............................... 1.6 Q Q Q Q 1.2 2.0 3.5 2.3 1.7 28.1

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.7 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 1.6 24.5

 None Replaced ............................... 72.9 95.4 93.4 94.3 88.1 84.0 71.2 58.6 58.7 56.5 2.1

 Age of Replacement Windows

 Less than 2 Years ........................... 7.5 4.5 3.0 2.5 4.1 6.2 7.3 11.0 12.6 9.0 16.0

 2-4 Years ......................................... 7.3 Q 3.4 2.0 5.1 4.8 9.6 9.9 9.2 10.6 15.4

 5-9 Years ......................................... 6.7 Q Q Q 2.5 4.2 7.8 11.0 9.7 10.7 13.4

 10-19 Years ..................................... 4.3 Q Q Q Q Q 3.9 8.7 6.4 9.1 15.8

 20 Years or More ............................ 1.3 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 3.4 4.1 24.6

 None Replaced ............................... 72.9 95.4 93.4 94.3 88.1 84.0 71.2 58.6 58.7 56.5 2.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993 165
Table 3.28a. Conservation by Year of Construction,

 Million U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Year of Construction

RSE

Row

Factors

1991

 to

19931

1988

 to

1990

1985

to

1987

1980

to

1984

1970

to

1979

1960

to

1969

1950

to

1959

1940

to

1949

1939

or

Before

0.3 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.2 0.8

Conservation Measures

(Single-Family Units and

 Mobile Homes Only) ........................... 72.4 3.6 3.9 4.1 6.1 12.4 10.8 11.3 5.6 14.6 5.7

Types of Insulation

in/around Home

 Roof/Ceiling

 Yes .................................................. 58.6 3.3 3.4 3.6 5.4 10.3 9.3 8.9 4.4 10.1 6.3

 No .................................................... 6.4 Q Q 0.1 0.2 0.8 0.6 1.3 0.7 2.6 18.5

 Don’t Know ...................................... 7.4 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.3 1.0 1.2 0.5 1.9 14.8

 Outside Walls

 Yes .................................................. 50.7 3.2 3.5 3.5 4.9 9.4 7.8 6.7 3.3 8.4 6.8

 No .................................................... 11.4 Q 0.2 0.1 0.3 1.1 1.5 2.7 1.5 4.0 15.6

 Don’t Know ...................................... 10.3 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.9 1.9 1.5 2.0 0.7 2.3 13.3

 Floor Insulation

 No Basement/Crawlspace ............... 17.8 1.4 1.4 1.6 2.9 3.7 2.9 2.4 0.7 1.0 12.6

 Basement/Crawlspace .................... 49.0 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.3 6.7 7.3 8.8 4.8 13.6 7.1

 Heated ........................................... 20.8 0.9 1.0 0.8 1.2 3.4 3.5 3.2 1.5 5.4 11.0

 None or Part Heated ..................... 28.2 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 3.3 3.9 5.6 3.3 8.2 9.3

 Floor Not Insulated ...................... 15.7 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 1.3 2.1 3.2 2.1 5.7 13.7

 Floor Insulated ............................ 12.5 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.7 2.1 1.8 2.4 1.2 2.5 12.7

 All Parts Insulated ..................... 5.9 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 1.2 0.6 1.0 0.5 1.0 16.5

 Some Parts Insulated ................ 1.6 Q Q Q Q 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 34.2

 Don’t Know ................................ 5.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.1 0.4 1.1 19.3

 Water Heater

 Yes .................................................. 17.4 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.6 3.4 2.5 2.7 1.5 2.8 9.9

 No .................................................... 51.5 2.7 2.6 2.9 4.2 8.3 7.8 8.0 3.9 11.1 6.5

 Don’t Know ...................................... 3.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.7 20.1

 Hot Water Pipes

 Yes .................................................. 21.9 1.5 1.7 1.3 2.3 4.1 2.7 2.9 1.5 3.9 9.0

 No .................................................... 42.6 1.7 1.8 2.2 3.1 6.8 6.8 7.2 3.6 9.5 7.1

 Don’t Know ...................................... 7.8 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.5 1.3 1.2 0.4 1.2 13.9

 Heating/Cooling Ducts

 Yes .................................................. 21.4 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.9 4.2 3.3 2.6 0.8 2.0 10.1

 No .................................................... 42.6 1.2 1.5 1.6 2.3 6.5 6.4 7.3 4.3 11.4 7.5

 Don’t Know ...................................... 8.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.6 1.1 1.4 0.5 1.2 14.2

 Weather Stripping

 Yes .................................................. 45.7 2.7 2.8 2.7 4.0 7.8 6.8 6.5 3.3 9.3 7.4

 No .................................................... 23.3 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.7 3.9 3.6 4.3 2.2 4.7 9.1

 Don’t Know ...................................... 3.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.5 Q 0.7 20.8

 Caulking

 Yes .................................................. 51.2 2.8 2.7 3.1 4.4 9.1 7.8 7.7 3.6 10.0 6.7

 No .................................................... 17.1 0.6 0.9 0.9 1.3 2.5 2.4 2.8 1.8 3.9 10.6

 Don’t Know ...................................... 4.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.8 19.9

1 Does not include all new construction for 1993.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1993 Residential Energy Consumption Survey. 

(For specific titles of forms, see Appendix D.)

166 Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993
Table 3.28b. Conservation by Year of Construction,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Year of Construction

RSE

Row

Factors

1991

 to

19931

1988

 to

1990

1985

to

1987

1980

to

1984

1970

to

1979

1960

to

1969

1950

to

1959

1940

to

1949

1939

or

Before

0.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.2 0.8

Conservation Measures

(Single-Family Units and

 Mobile Homes Only) ........................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Types of Insulation

in/around Home

 Roof/Ceiling

 Yes .................................................. 81.0 91.6 87.8 86.5 87.5 83.3 85.9 78.7 79.0 69.2 2.2

 No .................................................... 8.8 Q Q 1.5 2.9 6.5 5.3 11.1 12.7 17.8 16.9

 Don’t Know ...................................... 10.2 6.3 9.1 12.0 9.7 10.2 8.8 10.2 8.3 13.0 14.6

 Outside Walls

 Yes .................................................. 70.0 90.5 89.4 84.9 79.9 76.2 72.1 59.1 59.0 57.4 2.9

 No .................................................... 15.8 Q 4.8 2.4 5.3 8.8 13.7 23.6 27.7 27.2 14.1

 Don’t Know ...................................... 14.2 7.6 5.8 12.7 14.8 15.0 14.2 17.3 13.4 15.4 12.6

 Floor Insulation

 No Basement/Crawlspace ............... 24.6 37.9 35.0 38.4 46.9 29.7 26.9 20.9 13.2 6.5 10.6

 Basement/Crawlspace .................... 67.7 48.9 48.8 44.7 37.9 54.1 67.9 78.0 85.9 92.8 4.2

 Heated ........................................... 28.8 25.8 26.7 20.3 19.6 27.2 32.1 28.1 26.3 36.7 9.5

 None or Part Heated ..................... 38.9 23.1 22.1 24.4 18.3 27.0 35.8 49.9 59.6 56.1 7.5

 Floor Not Insulated ...................... 21.6 7.7 8.7 6.6 6.8 10.3 19.2 28.7 37.8 38.7 12.5

 Floor Insulated ............................ 17.3 15.4 13.4 17.8 11.5 16.7 16.6 21.2 21.7 17.4 11.7

 All Parts Insulated ..................... 8.2 10.5 9.5 10.1 5.4 9.8 5.8 8.9 9.7 7.1 15.9

 Some Parts Insulated ................ 2.2 Q Q Q Q 2.4 2.1 2.1 4.0 2.8 32.3

 Don’t Know ................................ 6.9 4.3 3.2 5.7 4.7 4.5 8.7 10.1 8.1 7.5 19.1

 Water Heater

 Yes .................................................. 24.0 20.5 29.1 25.3 25.4 27.8 23.7 23.8 26.2 19.2 8.1

 No .................................................... 71.1 75.1 66.5 70.2 68.8 66.9 72.3 71.0 69.7 75.8 3.0

 Don’t Know ...................................... 4.9 4.3 4.4 4.5 5.8 5.3 4.0 5.2 4.1 5.1 19.7

 Hot Water Pipes

 Yes .................................................. 30.3 41.2 42.7 31.4 37.7 33.4 25.0 25.6 27.1 27.0 6.6

 No .................................................... 58.9 46.9 45.4 53.3 50.2 54.9 62.6 64.0 65.2 65.0 3.9

 Don’t Know ...................................... 10.8 11.8 12.0 15.3 12.1 11.8 12.3 10.4 7.6 8.0 13.1

 Heating/Cooling Ducts

 Yes .................................................. 29.5 53.2 47.4 45.1 46.9 34.3 30.2 23.2 14.6 13.3 7.8

 No .................................................... 58.8 34.6 39.6 39.4 36.9 52.4 59.4 64.7 76.6 78.2 4.9

 Don’t Know ...................................... 11.7 12.2 13.0 15.5 16.2 13.2 10.4 12.2 8.8 8.5 13.2

 Weather Stripping

 Yes .................................................. 63.2 74.2 71.3 63.9 64.7 63.5 63.3 57.2 58.9 63.2 3.9

 No .................................................... 32.2 21.0 24.5 30.3 27.3 31.2 33.4 38.2 38.7 32.3 7.7

 Don’t Know ...................................... 4.7 4.8 4.2 5.8 7.9 5.4 3.3 4.6 Q 4.5 20.3

 Caulking

 Yes .................................................. 70.7 77.6 70.5 73.7 71.7 73.8 72.5 68.3 64.2 68.3 3.1

 No .................................................... 23.6 17.1 24.2 21.0 21.1 19.9 22.5 25.1 32.0 26.4 9.1

 Don’t Know ...................................... 5.7 5.3 5.2 5.2 7.2 6.3 5.0 6.5 3.8 5.3 19.6

1 Does not include all new construction for 1993.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1993 Residential Energy Consumption Survey. 

(For specific titles of forms, see Appendix D.)

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993 167
Table 3.29a. Conservation by Type and Ownership of Housing Unit,

 Million U.S. Households, 1993

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Type and Ownership of Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

Total Own Rent Total Own Rent Total Own Rent Total Own Rent

0.3 0.3 0.4 0.8 1.2 2.0 1.4 0.9 2.9 0.9 1.3 1.5 2.1

Total .................................................... 96.6 66.8 55.8 11.0 8.0 1.5 6.5 16.2 1.6 14.7 5.6 4.4 1.2 5.8

Adequacy of Insulation

(all households)

 Well Insulated .................................... 36.0 27.3 25.0 2.3 2.2 0.4 1.8 5.0 0.7 4.3 1.6 1.5 0.1 8.7

 Adequately Insulated ......................... 38.4 25.9 21.9 3.9 3.3 0.7 2.6 6.9 0.6 6.3 2.3 1.8 0.5 7.9

 Poorly Insulated ................................ 22.2 13.7 8.8 4.8 2.5 0.4 2.1 4.3 0.2 4.1 1.7 1.1 0.5 10.3

Demand-Side

Management Programs

 Were Any Offered by a Utility

 Yes .................................................. 34.8 28.0 24.6 3.4 2.1 0.6 1.5 3.1 0.4 2.7 1.6 1.3 0.3 9.7

 No .................................................... 40.0 26.0 21.1 4.9 4.0 0.6 3.4 6.8 0.7 6.2 3.1 2.4 0.7 8.3

 Don’t Know ...................................... 21.8 12.8 10.1 2.7 1.9 0.2 1.6 6.3 0.5 5.8 0.8 0.6 0.2 11.1

 Program Participation

 in Past 12 Months 

 No Program Offered ........................ 40.0 26.0 21.1 4.9 4.0 0.6 3.4 6.8 0.7 6.2 3.1 2.4 0.7 8.3

 Don’t Know ...................................... 2.7 1.3 1.0 0.3 0.3 Q 0.3 1.0 Q 0.9 Q Q Q 23.8

 No .................................................... 46.4 33.0 27.8 5.2 3.3 0.7 2.7 8.1 0.7 7.4 1.9 1.6 0.4 8.1

 Yes (more than one may apply) ...... 7.6 6.5 5.8 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.4 Q 0.3 0.4 0.3 Q 20.7

 Energy Audit .................................. 1.4 1.3 1.1 0.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 35.5

 Load-Control Program ................... 2.6 2.2 2.1 0.2 Q Q Q 0.1 Q Q 0.2 Q Q 40.4

 Equipment or Service .................... 1.7 1.3 1.1 0.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 40.2

 Rebate or Incentive ....................... 0.5 0.5 0.5 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 60.3

 Encouraged to Switch Fuels ......... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Time-of-Use Rate .......................... 1.6 1.4 1.3 0.1 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 44.6

Does the Home Have

Any of the Following:

 Set-Back/Clock Thermostat

 Yes .................................................... 10.8 9.0 8.3 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.4 1.0 Q 0.7 0.3 0.2 Q 21.4

 No ...................................................... 85.8 57.8 47.5 10.3 7.4 1.2 6.1 15.3 1.3 14.0 5.3 4.2 1.1 6.2

 Regular Heating System/

 Furnace Maintenance

 Yes .................................................. 49.4 35.7 31.1 4.6 3.7 0.9 2.8 7.7 0.9 6.9 2.3 1.9 0.4 7.7

 No .................................................... 47.2 31.1 24.6 6.5 4.3 0.6 3.7 8.5 0.7 7.8 3.3 2.5 0.8 8.0

 Trees Shading the

 Afternoon Summer Sun

 Yes .................................................. 44.9 36.8 31.7 5.1 2.6 0.6 2.0 3.1 0.4 2.8 2.4 1.8 0.5 8.7

 No .................................................... 51.7 30.0 24.1 5.9 5.4 0.9 4.5 13.1 1.2 11.9 3.2 2.6 0.7 7.3

See footnotes at end of table.

168 Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993
Table 3.29b. Conservation by Type and Ownership of Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1993

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Type and Ownership of Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

Total Own Rent Total Own Rent Total Own Rent Total Own Rent

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 2.0 1.3 0.9 2.6 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.9

Total .................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Adequacy of Insulation

(all households)

 Well Insulated .................................... 37.3 40.8 44.8 20.7 27.4 26.3 27.6 30.7 45.5 29.1 28.6 33.4 10.7 7.3

 Adequately Insulated ......................... 39.7 38.7 39.3 35.5 41.5 48.6 39.9 42.6 38.9 43.0 41.5 40.7 44.2 5.4

 Poorly Insulated ................................ 23.0 20.5 15.9 43.8 31.1 25.1 32.5 26.7 15.7 27.9 29.9 25.9 45.1 8.0

Demand-Side

Management Programs

 Were Any Offered by a Utility

 Yes .................................................. 36.0 41.8 44.0 30.7 26.7 42.0 23.3 19.1 24.3 18.5 29.5 30.0 27.6 8.0

 No .................................................... 41.3 39.0 37.9 44.6 49.9 42.2 51.6 41.9 42.0 41.9 56.0 55.5 57.8 5.6

 Don’t Know ...................................... 22.6 19.2 18.1 24.7 23.4 15.7 25.1 39.0 33.7 39.6 14.5 14.5 14.6 9.4

 Program Participation

 in Past 12 Months 

 No Program Offered ........................ 41.3 39.0 37.9 44.6 49.9 42.2 51.6 41.9 42.0 41.9 56.0 55.5 57.8 5.6

 Don’t Know ...................................... 2.8 2.0 1.9 2.6 4.0 Q 4.1 5.9 Q 6.1 Q Q Q 22.0

 No .................................................... 48.0 49.4 49.8 47.0 41.8 45.2 41.0 49.8 46.8 50.2 34.9 35.2 33.8 5.7

 Yes (more than one may apply) ...... 7.9 9.7 10.4 5.9 4.4 9.0 3.3 2.3 Q 1.9 7.8 7.7 Q 19.5

 Energy Audit .................................. 1.5 1.9 1.9 1.7 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 30.7

 Load-Control Program ................... 2.7 3.3 3.7 1.5 Q Q Q 0.9 Q Q 3.0 Q Q 37.6

 Equipment or Service .................... 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.1 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 35.4

 Rebate or Incentive ....................... 0.5 0.7 0.9 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 50.4

 Encouraged to Switch Fuels ......... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Time-of-Use Rate .......................... 1.6 2.1 2.3 1.1 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 38.7

Does the Home Have

Any of the Following:

 Set-Back/Clock Thermostat

 Yes .................................................... 11.2 13.4 14.8 6.6 7.9 17.7 5.6 5.9 Q 4.9 4.9 4.9 Q 20.8

 No ...................................................... 88.8 86.6 85.2 93.4 92.1 82.3 94.4 94.1 84.8 95.1 95.1 95.1 95.1 1.8

 Regular Heating System/

 Furnace Maintenance

 Yes .................................................. 51.1 53.5 55.8 41.5 46.1 62.1 42.5 47.5 55.1 46.7 41.2 43.6 32.1 5.5

 No .................................................... 48.9 46.5 44.2 58.5 53.9 37.9 57.5 52.5 44.9 53.3 58.8 56.4 67.9 5.0

 Trees Shading the

 Afternoon Summer Sun

 Yes .................................................. 46.5 55.1 56.8 46.4 32.3 39.3 30.7 19.4 25.0 18.8 42.5 42.0 44.3 6.9

 No .................................................... 53.5 44.9 43.2 53.6 67.7 60.7 69.3 80.6 75.0 81.2 57.5 58.0 55.7 4.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993 169
Table 3.29a. Conservation by Type and Ownership of Housing Unit,

 Million U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Type and Ownership of Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

Total Own Rent Total Own Rent Total Own Rent Total Own Rent

0.3 0.3 0.4 0.8 1.2 2.0 1.4 0.9 2.9 0.9 1.3 1.5 2.1

Doors and Windows

 Glass in Sliding

 Doors to the Outside

 Single Pane ..................................... 12.2 8.3 7.1 1.2 0.5 Q 0.4 3.0 0.6 2.4 0.4 0.3 Q 16.4

 Double Pane ................................... 18.3 14.2 13.0 1.2 0.8 0.2 0.6 2.9 0.5 2.4 0.4 0.3 Q 16.1

 Untreated ...................................... 17.5 13.5 12.3 1.2 0.8 0.2 0.6 2.9 0.5 2.4 0.4 0.3 Q 16.2

 Low-E Coating ............................... 0.8 0.7 0.7 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 40.8

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.4 0.3 0.3 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 66.1

 No Doors ...................................... 65.8 44.1 35.4 8.7 6.6 1.2 5.4 10.3 0.4 9.9 4.8 3.7 1.1 6.1

 Glass in Most Windows

 Single Pane ..................................... 61.5 41.6 32.9 8.7 5.4 0.9 4.5 10.2 0.8 9.4 4.3 3.2 1.1 6.6

 Double Pane ................................... 34.2 24.5 22.2 2.3 2.6 0.6 2.0 5.8 0.7 5.1 1.2 1.2 Q 8.9

 Untreated ...................................... 32.5 22.9 20.7 2.3 2.5 0.6 2.0 5.8 0.7 5.1 1.2 1.2 Q 8.9

 Low-E Coating ............................... 1.7 1.6 1.6 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 33.9

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.9 0.7 0.7 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 36.0

 Coverings on Windows

 Storm Windows ............................... 36.5 27.6 23.9 3.7 3.0 0.7 2.3 3.4 Q 3.4 2.4 2.1 0.3 9.4

 Plastic Coverings ............................ 3.7 2.3 1.8 0.6 0.3 Q 0.3 0.5 Q 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.2 21.7

 Neither ............................................. 56.4 36.8 30.1 6.7 4.7 0.7 4.0 12.2 1.4 10.8 2.6 2.0 0.6 7.2

 Frames in Most Windows 

 Metal ............................................... 53.3 31.1 26.1 5.0 3.8 0.6 3.2 13.2 1.2 12.0 5.2 4.0 1.1 7.7

 Nonmetal ......................................... 43.3 35.7 29.6 6.1 4.2 0.9 3.3 2.9 0.3 2.6 0.4 0.4 Q 9.1

 Number of Original 

 Windows Replaced

 All .................................................... 10.7 7.3 6.2 1.0 1.1 0.4 0.7 2.2 0.2 2.0 0.1 0.1 Q 14.0

 Some ............................................... 15.5 13.0 11.3 1.7 1.0 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.2 12.8

 None ................................................ 70.3 46.6 38.2 8.3 5.9 0.8 5.1 13.4 1.2 12.2 4.5 3.6 1.0 6.4

 Type of Replacement Windows

 Single Pane ..................................... 10.3 7.7 6.0 1.7 1.0 0.2 0.7 0.9 Q 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.2 13.5

 Double Pane ................................... 15.2 11.9 10.9 1.0 1.1 0.4 0.7 1.9 0.2 1.6 0.3 0.3 Q 13.3

 Untreated ...................................... 13.7 10.5 9.5 1.0 1.0 0.4 0.7 1.9 0.2 1.6 0.3 0.3 Q 13.4

 Low-E Coating ............................... 1.5 1.4 1.4 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 39.6

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.7 0.7 0.7 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 34.7

 None Replaced ............................... 70.4 46.6 38.2 8.3 5.9 0.8 5.1 13.4 1.2 12.2 4.5 3.6 1.0 6.4

 Age of Replacement Windows

 Less than 2 Years ........................... 7.2 5.5 4.5 0.9 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.6 Q 0.6 0.5 0.3 Q 17.0

 2-4 Years ......................................... 7.1 5.1 4.5 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.4 1.0 Q 0.8 0.4 0.3 Q 17.2

 5-9 Years ......................................... 6.5 5.1 4.6 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.8 Q 0.7 0.1 Q Q 17.1

 10-19 Years ..................................... 4.2 3.5 3.1 0.3 0.4 Q 0.2 0.3 Q 0.3 Q Q Q 22.0

 20 Years or More ............................ 1.2 1.1 0.8 0.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 41.9

 None Replaced ............................... 70.4 46.6 38.2 8.3 5.9 0.8 5.1 13.4 1.2 12.2 4.5 3.6 1.0 6.4

See footnotes at end of table.

170 Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993
Table 3.29b. Conservation by Type and Ownership of Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Type and Ownership of Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

Total Own Rent Total Own Rent Total Own Rent Total Own Rent

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 2.0 1.3 0.9 2.6 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.9

Doors and Windows

 Glass in Sliding

 Doors to the Outside

 Single Pane ..................................... 12.6 12.4 12.7 10.9 6.1 Q 6.6 18.7 40.3 16.4 7.0 7.4 Q 14.6

 Double Pane ................................... 18.9 21.2 23.3 10.7 10.6 14.2 9.8 17.9 32.8 16.3 6.3 7.6 Q 14.4

 Untreated ...................................... 18.1 20.2 22.1 10.7 10.2 12.1 9.8 17.6 31.3 16.1 6.3 7.6 Q 14.8

 Low-E Coating ............................... 0.8 1.0 1.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 34.4

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.4 0.4 0.5 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 55.6

 No Doors ...................................... 68.1 65.9 63.5 78.4 82.8 79.0 83.6 63.2 25.3 67.3 86.7 85.0 92.9 3.7

 Glass in Most Windows

 Single Pane ..................................... 63.6 62.2 58.9 78.7 67.4 57.8 69.6 63.1 54.3 64.0 76.8 71.6 96.1 3.2

 Double Pane ................................... 35.4 36.7 39.8 20.9 32.4 41.7 30.3 35.9 44.2 35.0 22.2 27.1 Q 7.3

 Untreated ...................................... 33.6 34.3 37.0 20.8 31.5 37.9 30.0 35.7 42.7 35.0 22.0 26.8 Q 7.6

 Low-E Coating ............................... 1.7 2.4 2.8 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 28.7

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.9 1.1 1.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 29.7

 Coverings on Windows

 Storm Windows ............................... 37.8 41.4 42.8 33.9 37.3 48.6 34.7 21.2 Q 22.9 43.6 47.4 29.7 7.6

 Plastic Coverings ............................ 3.8 3.5 3.1 5.3 3.8 Q 4.0 2.9 Q 3.1 10.0 8.1 17.1 20.7

 Neither ............................................. 58.3 55.1 54.0 60.7 58.9 48.7 61.3 75.3 91.9 73.6 46.4 44.6 53.2 4.3

 Frames in Most Windows 

 Metal ............................................... 55.1 46.6 46.9 45.0 47.3 37.2 49.6 81.2 77.8 81.6 92.7 91.8 96.3 3.4

 Nonmetal ......................................... 44.8 53.4 53.1 55.0 52.7 62.8 50.4 18.2 20.7 17.9 7.3 8.2 Q 7.7

 Number of Original 

 Windows Replaced

 All .................................................... 11.0 10.9 11.2 9.4 13.2 23.7 10.8 13.3 11.9 13.5 2.6 3.1 Q 13.4

 Some ............................................... 16.1 19.4 20.3 15.0 13.1 22.3 11.0 3.9 10.3 3.2 16.0 15.3 18.4 11.9

 None ................................................ 72.8 69.7 68.5 75.5 73.7 54.1 78.2 82.2 76.3 82.8 81.5 81.6 81.0 2.7

 Type of Replacement Windows

 Single Pane ..................................... 10.6 11.5 10.7 15.4 12.2 16.7 11.1 5.7 Q 5.5 12.8 11.8 16.8 12.3

 Double Pane ................................... 15.8 17.9 19.6 9.0 14.0 28.7 10.7 11.6 15.3 11.2 5.7 6.6 Q 12.8

 Untreated ...................................... 14.2 15.7 17.1 8.7 12.9 24.3 10.3 11.5 15.3 11.1 5.5 6.3 Q 12.9

 Low-E Coating ............................... 1.6 2.2 2.5 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 33.4

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.7 1.0 1.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 28.9

 None Replaced ............................... 72.9 69.7 68.5 75.5 73.7 54.1 78.2 82.8 77.8 83.3 81.5 81.6 81.0 2.7

 Age of Replacement Windows

 Less than 2 Years ........................... 7.5 8.2 8.2 8.5 7.6 8.9 7.3 3.9 Q 3.9 8.4 7.9 Q 16.2

 2-4 Years ......................................... 7.3 7.6 8.0 5.8 8.3 17.4 6.3 5.9 Q 5.3 7.0 7.5 Q 16.0

 5-9 Years ......................................... 6.7 7.7 8.2 5.0 4.8 10.1 3.6 5.1 Q 4.9 2.5 Q Q 16.6

 10-19 Years ..................................... 4.3 5.2 5.6 2.9 4.6 Q 3.8 1.9 Q 2.0 Q Q Q 21.0

 20 Years or More ............................ 1.3 1.6 1.5 2.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 36.4

 None Replaced ............................... 72.9 69.7 68.5 75.5 73.7 54.1 78.2 82.8 77.8 83.3 81.5 81.6 81.0 2.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993 171
Table 3.29a. Conservation by Type and Ownership of Housing Unit,

 Million U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Type and Ownership of Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

Total Own Rent Total Own Rent Total Own Rent Total Own Rent

0.3 0.3 0.4 0.8 1.2 2.0 1.4 0.9 2.9 0.9 1.3 1.5 2.1

Conservation Measures

(Single-Family Units and

 Mobile Homes Only) ........................... 72.4 66.8 55.8 11.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- 5.6 4.4 1.2 5.3

Types of Insulation

in/around Home

 Roof/Ceiling

 Yes .................................................. 58.6 54.4 48.5 5.9 -- -- -- -- -- -- 4.2 3.5 0.7 6.6

 No .................................................... 6.4 6.0 4.2 1.8 -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.4 0.3 Q 16.7

 Don’t Know ...................................... 7.4 6.5 3.1 3.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.9 0.5 0.4 13.8

 Outside Walls

 Yes .................................................. 50.7 46.1 41.7 4.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- 4.6 3.9 0.7 7.3

 No .................................................... 11.4 11.2 8.5 2.7 -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.3 0.2 Q 15.5

 Don’t Know ...................................... 10.3 9.6 5.6 4.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.7 0.4 0.3 14.4

 Floor Insulation

 No Basement/Crawlspace ............... 17.8 17.8 13.8 4.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 14.1

 Basement/Crawlspace .................... 49.0 49.0 41.9 7.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 5.8

 Heated ........................................... 20.8 20.8 18.8 2.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 12.7

 None or Part Heated ..................... 28.2 28.2 23.1 5.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 8.8

 Floor Not Insulated ...................... 15.7 15.7 12.9 2.7 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 13.0

 Floor Insulated ............................ 12.5 12.5 10.1 2.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 14.4

 All Parts Insulated ..................... 5.9 5.9 5.3 0.6 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 19.2

 Some Parts Insulated ................ 1.6 1.6 1.5 0.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 41.1

 Don’t Know ................................ 5.0 5.0 3.4 1.6 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 21.2

 Water Heater

 Yes .................................................. 17.4 15.7 13.7 2.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- 1.7 1.5 0.2 10.7

 No .................................................... 51.5 47.9 40.4 7.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- 3.5 2.7 0.8 6.9

 Don’t Know ...................................... 3.5 3.2 1.6 1.6 -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.3 0.2 0.2 19.4

 Hot Water Pipes

 Yes .................................................. 21.9 18.8 17.0 1.9 -- -- -- -- -- -- 3.1 2.7 0.4 9.5

 No .................................................... 42.6 40.7 34.3 6.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- 1.9 1.4 0.5 7.7

 Don’t Know ...................................... 7.8 7.3 4.5 2.7 -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.5 0.3 0.3 13.8

 Heating/Cooling Ducts

 Yes .................................................. 21.4 18.9 17.1 1.8 -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.5 2.1 0.3 12.3

 No .................................................... 42.6 40.4 33.8 6.6 -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.2 1.6 0.5 7.6

 Don’t Know ...................................... 8.4 7.5 4.8 2.7 -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.9 0.6 0.3 14.6

 Weather Stripping

 Yes .................................................. 45.7 42.5 37.6 4.9 -- -- -- -- -- -- 3.2 2.6 0.6 7.2

 No .................................................... 23.3 21.3 16.5 4.8 -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.0 1.5 0.4 10.0

 Don’t Know ...................................... 3.4 3.0 1.7 1.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.4 0.2 0.2 20.9

 Caulking

 Yes .................................................. 51.2 47.9 42.5 5.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- 3.3 2.8 0.5 6.9

 No .................................................... 17.1 15.4 11.2 4.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- 1.7 1.3 0.5 11.3

 Don’t Know ...................................... 4.1 3.6 2.1 1.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.5 0.3 0.2 19.3

-- = Data not applicable.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1993 Residential Energy Consumption Survey. 

(For specific titles of forms, see Appendix D.)

172 Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993
Table 3.29b. Conservation by Type and Ownership of Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Type and Ownership of Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

Total Own Rent Total Own Rent Total Own Rent Total Own Rent

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.1 2.0 1.3 0.9 2.6 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.9

Conservation Measures

(Single-Family Units and

 Mobile Homes Only) ........................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Types of Insulation

in/around Home

 Roof/Ceiling

 Yes .................................................. 81.0 81.4 86.9 53.6 -- -- -- -- -- -- 75.6 80.5 57.5 4.2

 No .................................................... 8.8 8.9 7.5 16.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- 7.4 7.4 Q 15.4

 Don’t Know ...................................... 10.2 9.7 5.6 30.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- 17.0 12.1 35.1 12.6

 Outside Walls

 Yes .................................................. 70.0 69.0 74.8 39.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- 82.5 87.6 63.5 3.8

 No .................................................... 15.8 16.7 15.2 24.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- 4.9 4.3 Q 14.3

 Don’t Know ...................................... 14.2 14.3 10.0 36.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- 12.6 8.1 29.4 13.4

 Floor Insulation

 No Basement/Crawlspace ............... 24.6 26.6 24.8 35.8 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 10.3

 Basement/Crawlspace .................... 67.7 73.4 75.2 64.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 4.0

 Heated ........................................... 28.8 31.2 33.8 18.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 10.8

 None or Part Heated ..................... 38.9 42.2 41.4 46.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 6.8

 Floor Not Insulated ...................... 21.6 23.4 23.2 24.6 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 10.8

 Floor Insulated ............................ 17.3 18.7 18.2 21.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 12.0

 All Parts Insulated ..................... 8.2 8.8 9.5 5.6 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 16.4

 Some Parts Insulated ................ 2.2 2.4 2.6 1.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 35.9

 Don’t Know ................................ 6.9 7.5 6.1 14.6 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 18.0

 Water Heater

 Yes .................................................. 24.0 23.5 24.6 17.7 -- -- -- -- -- -- 30.9 34.3 18.3 9.0

 No .................................................... 71.1 71.7 72.4 68.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- 63.3 61.9 68.6 3.7

 Don’t Know ...................................... 4.9 4.8 2.9 14.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- 5.7 3.8 13.1 18.8

 Hot Water Pipes

 Yes .................................................. 30.3 28.2 30.4 16.8 -- -- -- -- -- -- 55.6 61.8 32.7 7.1

 No .................................................... 58.9 60.9 61.5 58.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- 34.6 32.3 43.3 5.3

 Don’t Know ...................................... 10.8 10.9 8.1 24.9 -- -- -- -- -- -- 9.7 5.9 24.0 12.3

 Heating/Cooling Ducts

 Yes .................................................. 29.5 28.3 30.7 16.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- 44.1 48.9 26.5 9.7

 No .................................................... 58.8 60.5 60.7 59.4 -- -- -- -- -- -- 38.9 36.9 46.8 6.1

 Don’t Know ...................................... 11.7 11.2 8.6 24.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- 16.9 14.3 26.7 12.4

 Weather Stripping

 Yes .................................................. 63.2 63.6 67.4 44.2 -- -- -- -- -- -- 57.8 60.1 49.4 4.6

 No .................................................... 32.2 31.9 29.6 43.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- 35.4 34.8 37.8 7.7

 Don’t Know ...................................... 4.7 4.5 3.0 12.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- 6.7 5.1 12.8 19.7

 Caulking

 Yes .................................................. 70.7 71.7 76.2 48.9 -- -- -- -- -- -- 59.5 64.4 41.3 4.4

 No .................................................... 23.6 23.0 20.0 38.0 -- -- -- -- -- -- 30.8 28.7 38.8 9.2

 Don’t Know ...................................... 5.7 5.3 3.8 13.1 -- -- -- -- -- -- 9.7 6.9 19.9 17.5

-- = Data not applicable.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1993 Residential Energy Consumption Survey. 

(For specific titles of forms, see Appendix D.)

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993 173
Table 3.30a. Conservation by Family Income, 

 Million U.S. Households, 1993

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1993 Family Income

Below Poverty

Line Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factors

Less

than

$5,000

$5,000

to

$9,999

$10,000

to

$14,999

$15,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$34,999

$35,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

100

Percent

125

Percent

0.4 2.2 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.8

Total .................................................... 96.6 4.1 10.6 11.1 18.4 14.1 17.5 21.0 14.4 19.4 30.7 3.4

Adequacy of Insulation

(all households)

 Well Insulated .................................... 36.0 1.2 3.8 3.9 6.1 5.3 7.0 8.8 4.7 6.4 10.2 5.5

 Adequately Insulated ......................... 38.4 1.4 3.7 3.8 7.5 5.8 7.6 8.6 4.6 6.6 11.0 5.5

 Poorly Insulated ................................ 22.2 1.5 3.1 3.4 4.8 3.0 2.9 3.6 5.1 6.3 9.5 6.7

Demand-Side

Management Programs

 Were Any Offered by a Utility

 Yes .................................................. 34.8 0.8 2.1 3.1 5.7 5.6 7.2 10.4 3.1 4.4 7.7 6.4

 No .................................................... 40.0 2.1 5.7 5.2 8.3 5.5 6.4 6.8 7.6 10.1 15.1 5.3

 Don’t Know ...................................... 21.8 1.1 2.8 2.9 4.4 2.9 3.8 3.8 3.7 4.9 7.9 7.7

 Program Participation

 in Past 12 Months 

 No Program Offered ........................ 40.0 2.1 5.7 5.2 8.3 5.5 6.4 6.8 7.6 10.1 15.1 5.3

 Don’t Know ...................................... 2.7 Q 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.7 1.1 19.8

 No .................................................... 46.4 1.8 3.7 5.0 8.5 7.2 9.1 11.1 5.6 7.4 12.6 5.2

 Yes (more than one may apply) ...... 7.6 0.2 0.6 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.5 2.5 0.7 1.1 1.9 15.2

 Energy Audit .................................. 1.4 Q Q 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.3 27.6

 Load-Control Program ................... 2.6 Q Q 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.9 Q 0.3 0.4 27.8

 Equipment or Service .................... 1.7 Q Q 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.5 28.5

 Rebate or Incentive ....................... 0.5 Q Q Q Q Q Q 0.3 Q Q Q 37.8

 Encouraged to Switch Fuels ......... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Time-of-Use Rate .......................... 1.6 Q Q Q 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 Q 0.1 0.2 32.1

Does the Home Have

Any of the Following:

 Set-Back/Clock Thermostat

 Yes .................................................... 10.8 0.3 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.3 2.3 4.4 0.8 1.1 1.9 14.2

 No ...................................................... 85.8 3.8 10.0 10.5 17.0 12.8 15.1 16.6 13.6 18.2 28.8 3.5

 Regular Heating System/

 Furnace Maintenance

 Yes .................................................. 49.4 1.6 4.0 4.8 9.2 7.4 9.8 12.7 5.3 7.5 12.8 5.3

 No .................................................... 47.2 2.5 6.6 6.3 9.2 6.7 7.7 8.3 9.1 11.9 17.9 4.6

 Trees Shading the

 Afternoon Summer Sun

 Yes .................................................. 44.9 1.4 3.7 4.7 8.1 6.9 8.8 11.4 5.0 7.1 11.8 5.1

 No .................................................... 51.7 2.7 6.9 6.4 10.3 7.1 8.7 9.6 9.4 12.3 18.9 4.7

See footnotes at end of table.

174 Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993
Table 3.30b. Conservation by Family Income, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1993

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1993 Family Income

Below Poverty

Line Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factors

Less

than

$5,000

$5,000

to

$9,999

$10,000

to

$14,999

$15,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$34,999

$35,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

100

Percent

125

Percent

0.5 2.0 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.8

Total .................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Adequacy of Insulation

(all households)

 Well Insulated .................................... 37.3 28.4 35.6 35.5 33.1 37.7 39.9 42.1 32.8 33.2 33.2 4.7

 Adequately Insulated ......................... 39.7 34.3 35.1 34.4 40.7 41.3 43.6 40.9 31.7 34.1 36.0 4.5

 Poorly Insulated ................................ 23.0 37.3 29.3 30.1 26.2 21.0 16.5 17.0 35.5 32.7 30.8 5.6

Demand-Side

Management Programs

 Were Any Offered by a Utility

 Yes .................................................. 36.0 20.5 19.5 27.6 31.0 39.7 41.4 49.4 21.3 22.6 25.3 5.3

 No .................................................... 41.3 51.6 53.7 46.4 45.0 39.5 36.8 32.4 53.1 52.1 49.1 4.4

 Don’t Know ...................................... 22.6 27.9 26.8 26.1 24.1 20.9 21.8 18.2 25.6 25.4 25.6 6.9

 Program Participation

 in Past 12 Months 

 No Program Offered ........................ 41.3 51.6 53.7 46.4 45.0 39.5 36.8 32.4 53.1 52.1 49.1 4.4

 Don’t Know ...................................... 2.8 Q 5.9 1.9 2.7 2.1 2.3 2.8 2.8 3.7 3.5 19.4

 No .................................................... 48.0 43.2 34.6 45.2 46.5 51.4 52.0 52.7 39.0 38.4 41.2 4.0

 Yes (more than one may apply) ...... 7.9 4.0 5.7 6.6 5.8 7.0 8.9 12.0 5.0 5.8 6.2 14.4

 Energy Audit .................................. 1.5 Q Q 1.4 0.8 1.5 1.8 2.5 0.9 0.9 1.0 26.9

 Load-Control Program ................... 2.7 Q Q 1.6 2.1 2.5 3.6 4.1 Q 1.4 1.4 27.1

 Equipment or Service .................... 1.7 Q Q 1.8 1.3 1.9 1.2 2.7 1.2 1.4 1.6 28.0

 Rebate or Incentive ....................... 0.5 Q Q Q Q Q Q 1.4 Q Q Q 35.1

 Encouraged to Switch Fuels ......... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Time-of-Use Rate .......................... 1.6 Q Q Q 1.9 1.9 1.8 2.1 Q 0.7 0.8 31.4

Does the Home Have

Any of the Following:

 Set-Back/Clock Thermostat

 Yes .................................................... 11.2 6.8 5.5 5.9 7.3 9.2 13.3 20.9 5.8 5.8 6.1 13.4

 No ...................................................... 88.8 93.2 94.5 94.1 92.7 90.8 86.7 79.1 94.2 94.2 93.9 1.2

 Regular Heating System/

 Furnace Maintenance

 Yes .................................................. 51.1 38.6 38.1 43.3 50.0 52.5 56.1 60.3 37.1 38.6 41.7 4.0

 No .................................................... 48.9 61.4 61.9 56.7 50.0 47.5 43.9 39.7 62.9 61.4 58.3 3.4

 Trees Shading the

 Afternoon Summer Sun

 Yes .................................................. 46.5 34.5 34.5 42.2 44.2 49.2 50.1 54.2 35.0 36.7 38.4 4.2

 No .................................................... 53.5 65.5 65.5 57.8 55.8 50.8 49.9 45.8 65.0 63.3 61.6 3.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993 175
Table 3.30a. Conservation by Family Income, 

 Million U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1993 Family Income

Below Poverty

Line Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factors

Less

than

$5,000

$5,000

to

$9,999

$10,000

to

$14,999

$15,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$34,999

$35,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

100

Percent

125

Percent

0.4 2.2 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.8

Doors and Windows

 Glass in Sliding

 Doors to the Outside

 Single Pane ..................................... 12.2 0.3 0.9 1.2 2.2 2.0 2.4 3.3 1.3 1.8 2.9 10.7

 Double Pane ................................... 18.3 0.4 0.8 1.0 2.7 2.6 4.2 6.6 1.1 1.6 2.9 11.2

 Untreated ...................................... 17.5 0.4 0.8 1.0 2.6 2.6 4.0 6.1 1.1 1.6 2.9 11.4

 Low-E Coating ............................... 0.8 Q Q Q Q Q 0.2 0.5 Q Q Q 25.0

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.4 Q Q Q Q Q 0.2 0.1 Q Q Q 43.5

 No Doors ...................................... 65.8 3.3 8.9 9.0 13.5 9.4 10.7 11.0 12.0 15.9 24.9 4.1

 Glass in Most Windows

 Single Pane ..................................... 61.5 3.0 7.8 8.2 12.4 9.1 9.8 11.1 10.8 14.2 22.2 4.0

 Double Pane ................................... 34.2 1.0 2.7 2.8 5.7 4.9 7.5 9.6 3.5 5.0 8.2 5.9

 Untreated ...................................... 32.5 1.0 2.7 2.7 5.5 4.6 7.0 8.9 3.5 5.0 8.1 6.1

 Low-E Coating ............................... 1.7 Q Q Q 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.7 Q Q 0.1 25.8

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.9 Q Q Q 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 Q Q 0.2 32.9

 Coverings on Windows

 Storm Windows ............................... 36.5 1.3 3.7 4.0 7.4 5.7 6.8 7.6 4.6 6.5 10.9 5.5

 Plastic Coverings ............................ 3.7 0.4 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.9 1.2 1.6 14.8

 Neither ............................................. 56.4 2.4 6.5 6.5 9.9 7.8 10.3 13.0 8.9 11.6 18.1 4.7

 Frames in Most Windows 

 Metal ............................................... 53.3 2.4 6.2 6.2 10.3 7.8 9.5 10.8 8.6 11.6 17.6 4.9

 Nonmetal ......................................... 43.3 1.6 4.4 4.9 8.0 6.2 8.0 10.2 5.8 7.8 13.0 5.4

 Number of Original 

 Windows Replaced

 All .................................................... 10.7 0.4 1.3 1.2 2.2 1.6 2.2 1.9 1.7 2.3 3.5 10.4

 Some ............................................... 15.5 0.5 1.3 1.6 2.6 2.2 3.0 4.2 2.1 2.8 4.4 9.4

 None ................................................ 70.3 3.1 8.0 8.3 13.5 10.3 12.3 14.9 10.6 14.3 22.6 3.7

 Type of Replacement Windows

 Single Pane ..................................... 10.3 0.6 1.5 1.5 2.0 1.3 1.5 2.0 2.1 2.8 4.1 9.9

 Double Pane ................................... 15.2 0.4 1.1 1.3 2.7 2.3 3.6 3.8 1.6 2.1 3.7 9.9

 Untreated ...................................... 13.7 0.4 1.1 1.2 2.5 2.1 3.2 3.2 1.6 2.1 3.6 10.1

 Low-E Coating ............................... 1.5 Q Q Q 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.6 Q Q 0.1 29.4

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.7 Q Q Q Q Q Q 0.2 Q Q Q 28.4

 None Replaced ............................... 70.4 3.1 8.0 8.3 13.6 10.3 12.3 14.9 10.6 14.3 22.7 3.7

 Age of Replacement Windows

 Less than 2 Years ........................... 7.2 0.4 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.7 2.3 12.6

 2-4 Years ......................................... 7.1 0.2 0.7 0.5 1.5 1.1 1.5 1.6 0.9 1.3 2.1 12.7

 5-9 Years ......................................... 6.5 0.2 0.5 0.8 1.1 0.7 1.4 1.7 0.8 1.2 1.9 13.0

 10-19 Years ..................................... 4.2 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.4 0.7 1.2 17.7

 20 Years or More ............................ 1.2 Q Q 0.2 0.3 0.2 Q 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 29.9

 None Replaced ............................... 70.4 3.1 8.0 8.3 13.6 10.3 12.3 14.9 10.6 14.3 22.7 3.7

See footnotes at end of table.

176 Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993
Table 3.30b. Conservation by Family Income, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1993 Family Income

Below Poverty

Line Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factors

Less

than

$5,000

$5,000

to

$9,999

$10,000

to

$14,999

$15,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$34,999

$35,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

100

Percent

125

Percent

0.5 2.0 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.8

Doors and Windows

 Glass in Sliding

 Doors to the Outside

 Single Pane ..................................... 12.6 8.0 8.2 10.8 11.8 14.0 13.5 15.9 9.0 9.5 9.4 10.4

 Double Pane ................................... 18.9 9.6 7.8 8.6 14.5 18.7 24.2 31.3 7.7 8.3 9.4 10.6

 Untreated ...................................... 18.1 9.6 7.8 8.6 14.1 18.5 23.1 29.0 7.7 8.3 9.3 10.7

 Low-E Coating ............................... 0.8 Q Q Q Q Q 1.1 2.2 Q Q Q 24.3

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.4 Q Q Q Q Q 1.0 0.5 Q Q Q 42.5

 No Doors ...................................... 68.1 82.4 84.0 80.6 73.5 66.9 61.3 52.4 83.4 82.2 81.1 2.4

 Glass in Most Windows

 Single Pane ..................................... 63.6 74.8 74.0 73.6 67.6 64.4 56.2 53.1 74.9 73.2 72.3 2.4

 Double Pane ................................... 35.4 23.9 25.7 25.3 31.0 34.6 42.8 45.9 24.4 26.0 26.9 5.1

 Untreated ...................................... 33.6 23.8 25.4 24.7 29.9 33.1 40.1 42.6 24.2 25.8 26.4 5.3

 Low-E Coating ............................... 1.7 Q Q Q 1.1 1.5 2.7 3.3 Q Q 0.5 25.0

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.9 Q Q Q 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.0 Q Q 0.7 32.3

 Coverings on Windows

 Storm Windows ............................... 37.8 31.6 34.8 36.1 40.5 40.9 38.7 36.1 31.7 33.8 35.6 4.9

 Plastic Coverings ............................ 3.8 8.9 4.2 5.1 5.3 3.5 2.3 2.1 6.4 6.2 5.3 14.6

 Neither ............................................. 58.3 58.9 61.0 58.5 54.0 55.6 59.1 61.9 61.8 59.9 58.9 3.2

 Frames in Most Windows 

 Metal ............................................... 55.1 59.5 58.3 56.0 56.1 55.8 54.2 51.5 59.6 59.7 57.3 3.4

 Nonmetal ......................................... 44.8 39.9 41.7 43.7 43.6 44.2 45.8 48.5 40.2 40.2 42.5 4.5

 Number of Original 

 Windows Replaced

 All .................................................... 11.0 10.4 12.0 10.4 12.0 11.1 12.5 8.9 11.7 11.6 11.5 9.8

 Some ............................................... 16.1 13.0 12.7 14.8 14.3 15.7 17.0 20.1 14.6 14.4 14.5 8.7

 None ................................................ 72.8 76.0 75.2 74.5 73.5 73.2 70.5 71.0 73.5 73.9 73.8 2.1

 Type of Replacement Windows

 Single Pane ..................................... 10.6 14.1 13.8 13.1 10.8 9.3 8.3 9.7 14.8 14.6 13.4 9.2

 Double Pane ................................... 15.8 9.3 10.8 11.5 14.9 16.4 20.5 18.2 11.1 11.0 12.1 9.3

 Untreated ...................................... 14.2 9.2 10.6 11.1 13.7 14.7 18.2 15.3 11.0 10.8 11.7 9.6

 Low-E Coating ............................... 1.6 Q Q Q 1.2 1.6 2.3 2.9 Q Q 0.4 28.6

 Triple Pane ...................................... 0.7 Q Q Q Q Q Q 1.0 Q Q Q 26.6

 None Replaced ............................... 72.9 76.6 75.2 74.8 73.7 73.2 70.5 71.0 73.7 74.0 74.0 2.1

 Age of Replacement Windows

 Less than 2 Years ........................... 7.5 8.9 7.9 6.3 6.2 8.1 8.2 7.5 9.3 8.6 7.6 12.1

 2-4 Years ......................................... 7.3 4.5 6.9 4.7 8.3 7.7 8.4 7.7 6.6 6.5 6.7 12.4

 5-9 Years ......................................... 6.7 4.8 5.1 7.0 5.9 5.3 8.2 8.2 5.7 6.0 6.3 12.7

 10-19 Years ..................................... 4.3 3.3 4.0 5.1 4.5 4.3 4.0 4.4 3.1 3.4 3.9 17.4

 20 Years or More ............................ 1.3 Q Q 2.2 1.4 1.3 Q 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.4 29.2

 None Replaced ............................... 72.9 76.6 75.2 74.8 73.7 73.2 70.5 71.0 73.7 74.0 74.0 2.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993 177
Table 3.30a. Conservation by Family Income, 

 Million U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1993 Family Income

Below Poverty

Line Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factors

Less

than

$5,000

$5,000

to

$9,999

$10,000

to

$14,999

$15,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$34,999

$35,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

100

Percent

125

Percent

0.4 2.2 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.8

Conservation Measures

(Single-Family Units and

 Mobile Homes Only) ........................... 72.4 2.0 6.2 7.1 13.3 11.0 14.0 18.7 8.3 11.8 19.2 4.1

Types of Insulation

in/around Home

 Roof/Ceiling

 Yes .................................................. 58.6 1.2 4.1 5.1 10.0 9.1 12.4 16.6 5.2 7.8 13.2 5.0

 No .................................................... 6.4 0.4 1.2 0.9 1.5 0.9 0.6 1.0 1.6 2.0 2.9 11.9

 Don’t Know ...................................... 7.4 0.4 0.9 1.1 1.9 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.5 2.0 3.1 11.4

 Outside Walls

 Yes .................................................. 50.7 1.1 3.4 4.3 9.1 7.9 10.7 14.2 4.4 6.7 11.3 5.6

 No .................................................... 11.4 0.5 1.6 1.6 2.1 1.6 1.6 2.5 2.1 2.7 4.3 10.0

 Don’t Know ...................................... 10.3 0.4 1.2 1.3 2.1 1.5 1.7 2.0 1.9 2.4 3.6 9.6

 Floor Insulation

 No Basement/Crawlspace ............... 17.8 0.5 1.4 1.4 2.8 2.7 3.7 5.1 2.2 2.8 4.3 10.4

 Basement/Crawlspace .................... 49.0 1.2 3.9 4.8 8.9 7.2 9.5 13.3 5.0 7.4 12.6 4.9

 Heated ........................................... 20.8 0.2 0.9 1.6 3.2 3.2 4.5 7.0 1.1 1.8 3.7 10.0

 None or Part Heated ..................... 28.2 1.0 3.0 3.2 5.7 4.0 5.0 6.3 3.9 5.5 8.9 6.5

 Floor Not Insulated ...................... 15.7 0.6 1.8 2.0 3.3 2.1 2.4 3.4 2.4 3.2 5.2 9.0

 Floor Insulated ............................ 12.5 0.4 1.2 1.2 2.4 1.9 2.5 2.9 1.6 2.3 3.7 10.4

 All Parts Insulated ..................... 5.9 0.1 0.4 0.4 1.1 0.9 1.4 1.5 0.5 0.8 1.5 14.8

 Some Parts Insulated ................ 1.6 Q 0.1 Q 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.4 27.6

 Don’t Know ................................ 5.0 0.2 0.7 0.6 1.0 0.7 0.7 1.0 0.9 1.3 1.8 14.3

 Water Heater

 Yes .................................................. 17.4 0.4 1.2 1.5 3.5 2.6 3.5 4.8 1.8 2.6 4.0 8.7

 No .................................................... 51.5 1.4 4.3 5.3 9.1 8.1 10.0 13.3 5.7 8.1 13.6 5.0

 Don’t Know ...................................... 3.5 0.2 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.9 1.1 1.6 15.9

 Hot Water Pipes

 Yes .................................................. 21.9 0.6 1.5 1.8 4.0 3.6 4.6 5.8 2.2 3.3 5.3 7.9

 No .................................................... 42.6 1.0 3.5 4.7 7.7 6.3 8.2 11.2 4.5 6.5 11.2 5.8

 Don’t Know ...................................... 7.8 0.4 1.2 0.7 1.6 1.1 1.2 1.7 1.6 2.1 2.7 11.3

 Heating/Cooling Ducts

 Yes .................................................. 21.4 0.3 1.3 1.2 3.4 3.4 4.9 6.9 1.6 2.3 3.7 10.6

 No .................................................... 42.6 1.2 3.8 5.0 8.3 6.5 7.6 10.1 5.1 7.5 12.6 5.3

 Don’t Know ...................................... 8.4 0.5 1.0 0.9 1.7 1.1 1.5 1.7 1.6 2.0 2.8 11.6

 Weather Stripping

 Yes .................................................. 45.7 1.0 2.9 3.6 8.2 7.2 9.9 12.9 3.8 5.7 9.7 5.6

 No .................................................... 23.3 0.9 2.7 3.1 4.4 3.3 3.6 5.1 3.7 5.1 8.1 7.2

 Don’t Know ...................................... 3.4 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.8 1.1 1.4 17.6

 Caulking

 Yes .................................................. 51.2 1.0 3.2 4.4 8.8 8.2 10.9 14.5 4.2 6.5 11.1 5.4

 No .................................................... 17.1 0.8 2.4 2.0 3.6 2.3 2.4 3.6 3.2 4.1 6.4 8.2

 Don’t Know ...................................... 4.1 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.7 15.7

1 Below 150 percent of poverty line or 60 percent of median State income.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to

totals. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1993 Residential Energy Consumption

Survey. (For specific titles of forms, see Appendix D.)

178 Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993
Table 3.30b. Conservation by Family Income, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1993 (Continued)

Conservation-Related Items

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1993 Family Income

Below Poverty

Line Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factors

Less

than

$5,000

$5,000

to

$9,999

$10,000

to

$14,999

$15,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$34,999

$35,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

100

Percent

125

Percent

0.5 2.0 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.8

Conservation Measures

(Single-Family Units and

 Mobile Homes Only) ........................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Types of Insulation

in/around Home

 Roof/Ceiling

 Yes .................................................. 81.0 61.9 66.3 71.0 75.1 82.7 89.0 88.8 62.5 65.8 69.0 2.5

 No .................................................... 8.8 19.2 18.6 13.0 11.0 8.0 4.2 5.2 19.0 16.9 15.0 11.5

 Don’t Know ...................................... 10.2 18.9 15.1 16.0 14.0 9.3 6.8 5.9 18.5 17.3 16.0 10.7

 Outside Walls

 Yes .................................................. 70.0 52.4 55.3 60.2 68.2 71.9 76.3 76.0 52.9 56.6 58.8 3.4

 No .................................................... 15.8 25.7 25.3 21.8 16.1 14.1 11.6 13.2 24.8 22.7 22.3 9.4

 Don’t Know ...................................... 14.2 21.9 19.4 18.0 15.7 13.9 12.1 10.8 22.3 20.7 18.9 8.9

 Floor Insulation

 No Basement/Crawlspace ............... 24.6 26.4 22.6 20.0 21.4 24.9 26.8 27.2 26.0 23.6 22.4 9.1

 Basement/Crawlspace .................... 67.7 61.2 63.6 67.7 67.2 65.3 68.2 71.2 60.3 62.1 65.8 3.5

 Heated ........................................... 28.8 11.4 15.0 23.1 24.4 29.5 32.5 37.3 13.0 15.4 19.3 9.3

 None or Part Heated ..................... 38.9 49.8 48.6 44.6 42.8 35.8 35.7 33.9 47.3 46.7 46.6 5.4

 Floor Not Insulated ...................... 21.6 30.5 28.5 28.4 24.9 18.8 17.5 18.3 28.4 27.4 27.3 8.2

 Floor Insulated ............................ 17.3 19.3 20.1 16.2 17.9 17.0 18.2 15.6 18.9 19.3 19.3 9.9

 All Parts Insulated ..................... 8.2 7.3 7.1 5.9 8.4 7.9 10.0 8.1 6.1 6.8 7.7 14.5

 Some Parts Insulated ................ 2.2 Q 2.1 Q 2.1 2.7 3.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 2.1 27.3

 Don’t Know ................................ 6.9 11.4 10.9 8.8 7.5 6.4 5.2 5.5 11.2 10.9 9.5 14.0

 Water Heater

 Yes .................................................. 24.0 19.9 19.9 20.7 26.0 23.2 24.8 25.7 21.3 22.3 21.0 7.7

 No .................................................... 71.1 69.8 69.5 73.8 68.6 73.2 71.5 70.9 68.3 68.3 70.9 2.8

 Don’t Know ...................................... 4.9 10.4 10.6 5.4 5.4 3.6 3.7 3.4 10.4 9.4 8.1 15.5

 Hot Water Pipes

 Yes .................................................. 30.3 29.6 24.8 25.4 30.0 32.6 32.7 31.1 26.1 27.5 27.4 6.8

 No .................................................... 58.9 51.9 56.5 65.4 58.2 57.0 58.8 59.7 54.8 55.2 58.4 4.0

 Don’t Know ...................................... 10.8 18.5 18.7 9.3 11.8 10.3 8.5 9.2 19.1 17.3 14.2 10.7

 Heating/Cooling Ducts

 Yes .................................................. 29.5 15.1 21.4 17.3 25.5 30.6 35.0 36.6 18.8 19.2 19.5 9.0

 No .................................................... 58.8 59.0 62.1 70.7 62.0 59.1 54.3 54.1 61.9 63.7 65.7 3.9

 Don’t Know ...................................... 11.7 25.9 16.6 12.0 12.5 10.3 10.6 9.3 19.3 17.1 14.8 11.0

 Weather Stripping

 Yes .................................................. 63.2 49.4 46.6 50.0 61.7 65.7 70.9 68.9 45.4 48.3 50.4 3.8

 No .................................................... 32.2 43.3 44.0 43.8 33.3 30.3 26.1 27.4 44.8 42.7 42.4 5.6

 Don’t Know ...................................... 4.7 7.3 9.5 6.2 5.0 4.1 3.0 3.6 9.8 8.9 7.1 17.5

 Caulking

 Yes .................................................. 70.7 50.8 51.4 62.2 66.4 74.7 78.3 77.6 50.5 54.9 57.7 3.3

 No .................................................... 23.6 40.9 38.4 28.1 27.3 20.5 17.2 19.1 39.2 35.0 33.3 7.0

 Don’t Know ...................................... 5.7 8.3 10.2 9.7 6.3 4.8 4.5 3.3 10.3 10.0 9.0 15.3

1 Below 150 percent of poverty line or 60 percent of median State income.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to

totals. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1993 Residential Energy Consumption

Survey. (For specific titles of forms, see Appendix D.)

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristrics 1993 179