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## Document

Number: 

# 240 ) ll-F-3 0 Docket Number: 

# A-90-3 7

Printed 10/31/200812:43:17

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: : Departmen to f

Defens e XAA-SS C Permit s Subcommitte e Comment s t

A tb e NS RRefor m Packag e (Jtm e 29,1995 ) ^ 0 CFR PARTI' S 5 1 AN D S 2
Nationa l Securit y Emergenc y Provisio n Classifie d Informatic w Provisio n Gahfy 'Majo rStado'isr y Source " Definmoi i for Military Installation s Complianc e Cerfficatc a B y NS RApplicant s PAGE.00 2 

# $ A-90-3* 7

Natfoaa l Securit y Emergenc y Provisio n As DO D recentl y note d i n tb e comment s whic h i tprepare d o n th e Titl e V permi trule , industry flexibility i s licke d t o ih e abilit y to;.quickl y implemen tchange s i n respons e t o marke tcondition s -whic h wil l resul ti n prou tan d foste rcompetitiveness . Militar y flexibility i s linke d t o th e ability t o immediatel y pctfon n t*s naJciha l security missio n whe n calle d upo n i n emergencies . Wlnl e % ddx y i n processin g a "majo

rmodil Nation * applicatio n coul d mea n a delay i n profitabilit y o r competitiveoes s for industry , t. delay t o proces s a . "majo rmodification " for a militar y chang e coul d mea n inability t o immediatel y re&^ton d .\a calle d upon . W e firstnot e tha tunlik e th e propose d Tid e V rule , th e Ne w Sourc e Review/PS D ml e contain s n o emergenc y provisio n whatsoever . T tseem s possibl e Oa ta n emergenc y coul d occu rrequirin g immediat e correctiv e aaionthatlresult s i n a "majo rmodification " a s define d b y th e rule . W c recommen d tha tcomparabl e genera l emergenc y languag e from th e propose d Tid e v rul e b e incorporate d i n th e Ne w Sourc e Review/PS D Rule . Se e 4 0 CF RPar t70 , Operatin g Permit s Rul e Revision s (5 9 F R• * ' 459) , Sectio n ?0.5(gXl ) an d (2) . W e als o propos e th e followin g ne w nationa l securit y e4ts«rgencyiprqyisi6n; r. . • . i ;rT;«XH"iW'X'«' X Sectio n 5 l.l65(a)(vXG)(10) ; Respons e t o nationa l security emergencies , provide d th e followin g condition s ar e compfiedlwithi^Tf,, ! •:,. , < . :Ji ..ihX'- i 'Sit Vc.Aif i.-ix •.•••' • ••

- : ''s-T- ' j ( 0 "Nationa l Securit y IkTergency",mean s a situatio n wher e extremel y quic k anio n o n th e pa n o f I th e military departments u neede d an d wher e timin g o f suc h actio n ma y mak e i timpractica l t o mee tth e norma l requirements , o f thi s subpart. Thes e includ e action s i n response t o emergencies , suc h a s dios e tha tsupportupe.TUioc > o f thi ' V Jailed State s forces introduce d int o hostilities , introduce d int o situation s whe n involve s .ec i n hostilitie s i s indicated , action s t o resolv e in-fligh t emergencies , renderin g emergenc y humanitaria n o rnatura

l disaste rrelief

, action s t o extinguis h wildfires , immeivaie . response s t o th e releas e o rdischarg e o f oi l o rhazardou s materia l i n accordanc e wit l approve d Spil l Preventio n an d Respons e Plan s an d Spil l Contingenc y Plans , an d response s t o na n tU disasters , suc h a s hurricanes , earthquake* , o rdvi l disturbances .

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(ii ) I n th e even ttha tresponse s t o intentf&oaal , national , regional , o rloca l emergencie s requir e a tcraporai y increas e i n tperatio g emission s a ta militar y facilit y beyon d nonna l operatin g emissions , terme d a "surg e condhTC-ii'* , suc h increas e i n emission s shal l no tconstitut e a majo rmodificatio n for purpose s o f

thi s subpart. ' * '* v (ni ) Th e military fecili> y shal l provid e notic e o f th e existenc e o f

a "surg e condition " t o a stat e o r loca l ai rqualit

y auxhcri. y an d t o th e EP A Regiona l Office , i n writing , withi n on e wee k afte rth e starto f increase d emission s cause d b y th e emergency operations . (iv ) Th e military facility shal l report ' o n th e exten tan d amoun to f increase d emission s t o th e stat e o rloca l ai rquality autborc y an d t o th e EP A Regiona l Offic e withi n thirt y day s afte rth e surg e conditio n ha s ended . * v ' A simila rprovisio n shoul d b e puti n th e PS D sectio n a s note d below . Sectio n 5l.l66(b)(2)QnXl ) Respons e t o nationa l security emergencies , provide d th e followin g condition s ar e complie d with :

A 2 • . (i ) "Nationa

l Security Knvergency " means a situatio n wher e extremel y quic k actio n o n tb e par to f th e militar y departments i s needed an d wher e timin g o f suc h actio n ma y mak e i timpractical t o mee tth e normal rwaremeni s o f ihi s subpart

. Ihes e includ e action s i a respons e t o emergencies , suc h a s thoa e th u su tpor toperatio w o f th e Unite d State s force s introduce d int o hostilities , introduce d int o situatio^^erejj^o]yem« n m hdsdtida s U tadieated, action s t o resolv e In-fligh t emergencies , renderin g enwrgencyhumanitarian o rnatural , disaste rrelief" , action s t o extinguis h wildfires , immediate response s t o th e releas e o rdiscbarge'o f ai l o rhazardou s materia

l i n accordanc e wit h appi-ovedrSpil l preventio n and Respons e Plan s an d Spil l Contingenc y Plans , an d response s t o natura

l disasters , suc h a s hurricanes , earthquakes , o rcivi l disturbances . (ii ) I n th e even ttha trespon . e g t o international , rational , regional , o rloca l emergencie s requir e a temporary increas e i n operatin g emission s a ta militat y facilit y beyon d nonna l operatin g emissions , terme d a "surg e condition" , suc h incrta? * i n .mission s shall no tconstitut e a majormodificatio n for purpose s o f

thi s subpart. ••..-J.if (m ) Th e militar

y facilit y shal l provid e notic e ofth e existenc e o f a "surg e condition " t o a stat e o r loca l airqualit

y authorit y andj o th e EP A Regional Office , i n writing , withi n on e wee k afte rth e star to f increase d enusaon s cause d b y th e emergency operations .

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3
.. v (iv ) Th e military v?ciJiry t sha E reporton,th e exlOT.to d amountofjincrease d emission s t o tb e stat e o rloca l ai rqualit

y aj^^ia^^ithe.^ARegjm^.pffice.wtiii rthirt y day s afte rth e surg e conditio n ha s ended , .^g a ,:-••. ; i.f y «»;:..• . ^. : ' - . ' i4,>3»'!' : " ' +:i(-iliCrt K'((("Ji 1

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### i ^ " <*.„..

_; x: . f | EP A argues tha

tth e Departmen

to f Defens e does no

tneed the classifie

d provision i n th e Ne w Source Revie w rul

e an d claim s tha tennssion s informatio

n i s neve r classifie d for an y reason. Tha

t i s a n incorrec

tstatemen

to*tbelaw . t^npnag

e i n a recen

topinio n in th e cas e o f

Frostv . Perry

. CV-S-S-94-714-PM P (D.C . J'wJ , 1$95 U.S . Dist. LEXIS 6046 , i s msnuctive . Plaintif e brough t a n actio n unde

r th e Resource Conservatio n an d Recover

y Ac t(RCRA ) assertin

g claim s against tb e ixnfitai

y for allege d violation * ofRCR A a ta dassified facilit

y operate d by th e Ai

rForce . Plaintif f filed a motio n t o compe

l a n answe r t o a n interrogator

y o n the prope

r nam e an d locatio n ofth e facility . Defendam

s refuse d wdisdoseu i th s group s suc h info m Disclosure o f

dassified informatio

n i s acrimina

l offense punishabl

e unde r Titl e 18 , United State s Code . Th e cour

tdenie d th e motion t o compe

l o n th e ground

s tha tthis would releas e chwnflf d information. v < .-• ¥ .,,. . In suppor to f thei r argument

, Defendant

s submitte d the undassifie

d Declaratio

n ofth e Secretar

y ofth e AirForce . Tbe Secretar y made , a determJnatio

n tha tfoil into, severa

l categories , includin

g "securit y sensitive environmenta

l .dstof , an d sate d as ;follows: '-,--,, . • XT*

. '

• •- ; : , _ '\ " Th e following ar

e ewmples:o f

wh y certai n environmenta

l dat a i s aenaitiv

e t o nationa

l security . Collection o f

informatio

n regardin g th e air , water, .soil i s aclassi c foreig n intelligence practice, , because : analysi s o f these sample

s ca n resul ti n identificatio

n o f militar y operation

s an d capabilities . The presenc e o f certai n chemical

s or chemica

l compounds , eithe

s alooe.o r i n coywvtiot i wit h othe r chemical

s an d compound , can revea

l militar y operationa

l capabilitie

s o rthe natur

e an d scop e o f

dassifie d operations. . . Disdosur e o f

suc h informatio

n i .ct«ase s '.h e ris k t o th e live s o f Umte d States personne

l an d decreases th e probabilit y o f succ t.^-2. missio

n accomplishment." l Thus , i ti s clea

r tha tan y an d al l dassifie d informatio

n containe d in a PSD/NS Rpermi

tapplicatio

n mus tb e protecte d fixra publi

c revie w an d th e rul e shoul d s o state . Sectio n 51.161 , (Public Availabilit y o f Information

, Subpar tL Review o f

Ne w Sources an

d Modifications) , req-i

? re tthe stat e o r loca l agenc y t o provid

e opportunit

y fo r publi

c commen

to n th e informatio

n subiniaediby.tlW;.qy^en^ppciatorsias.part;o f th e proces s o f

dctcraioun

g whethe r construction ormodification'o f a facility, building

, o rstructur e will resul

ti n certai n ai rqualit y violations . Unde

r th e current-regulation

, tb e opportunrt

y .{bcpublicicommen

tmus tinclude th e availability, fo r pubh

c inspection o f

th e infonnatio

n submitte

d b y th e owner o

roperator. Ther

e ar e n o protections witni

n th e curren

trul e for dassifie

d informatio

n whic h ha s been submitte

d b y a militar y departmen

ti n cotmectiott'wit

h a n application

. '• 199 S U S . Dist . LEXI S 60.»6;!pag e 5

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# h- "Classifie d information " i s define d i n th e Classifie d Procedures Act , 1 8 U.S.C . A p 3 , §l(a ) a s

"aa y utfOrrnatfo

n o r materia

l thai has bee n determinedl y ih e Unite d State s Governmen t pursuantt o a n Executiv e order, statute , o r regulation , t

o requir e protectio n agains t unauthorize d disclosur e for reason s o f nationa l security. " "Nationa l security " mean s th e nationa l defens e an

d foreign relation s ofth e Unite d Stales . § 1 (b) . Titl e 1 8 provide s criminal penaltie s for u w disclosur e o f

classifie d information , whic h i s define d a s "information , whic h a tth e tirac o f

a violatio n o i thi s section , is , fo r reason s o f national security , specificall y designate d b y a Ucite d States O o /erameu tAgenc y fu r limite d o r restricte d disseminatio n o r distribution. " I S U.S.C , §798(b) . Thes e law s mus tb e rea d i n congruenc e wit h th e Clea n Ai r Ac tand th e nee d for pubhc review . Th e A u canno treasonabl y b e interprete d t o require a violatio n o f

a crimina l la w b y includin g information whic h th e military servic e deem s classifie d i n th e material s pftmdc<l for publi c review . Th e rul e mus tprovid e protectio n fo r classifie d iiiformation . , , , |jf t liAT-}^ \<-J

•C5JJ;i,i'"'3'X.fi!r'T.f,j|L : 

### Recommendation . Ad d th e followin g language a s parrtif tb e repropose

d rule :

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### Sectio n 51.161(b)(1) - " Availabilil y for publi c inspectio n i n a tleas ton e locatio n i n th e are a affecte d ofth e information , ^-^pfr W ^fcwflffedHiffii^tibfcsubmitte d b y th e owne r or operato r

. . . dassifie d informatio n rmwiife d % th e Departmen

to f Defens e or other federa

l agencie s O

T coptractor s fo r stie h agenci^ g ^d&iynate i a s 3UI.K wil l U controlle d h v applicabl e law. "
• a u .. 4 . • ' 

### Sectio n 51.166(q)(2)(u) - "Mak e availabl e i n a

tleas ton e locatio n i n eac h regio n i n whic h th e propose d sourc e woul d b e constructe d a cop y o f all nvte/ials , excen tfo r classifie d information , lh e applican i submitted , Hi 

### ; f'giMif etT 

### "formatio n prnviaft

d b v th e Departmentfl 

### f

Defens e o r othe r federa

l agencie s o r jj^trtTflctor

s for such agencie s an

d dei-.l^ni.Tt^ a



### < ; «»inh

f 

### wil l h e cnntp11a4 

## hy Applicabl

e law. " ^ux. .'.-T,-.. XT.:.\A 

## A. yA$- Clarit y "Majo r Stationar y Source " Definitio n jf e Militar y Installation s EPA' s curren

tpractic e i s to^eWJm ^ statioiuu y source s i n determinin g lh e applicabilit

y o f Ne w Sou3ce3^eWi^ ^ o f Significan tDeterioratio n (PSD) . Thi s results i n th e imp ) o^ei^aggregatio

n o f dissimila r source s o f

einission s o n a scal e no t contemplate d b y tli e Congres s EP A an d th e mov e tangen ttreatmen

to f military installations . Military installation s ar

e i n siz e an

d scop e o f

activities , mor

e analogou s t o municipalitie s tha n t o industria l plants . Congres s di d no tintend t o trea ta n entir e militar y installatio n a s a singl e sourc e fo r NSR , an

d PSD . PoaU^^^tfo g activitie s o n a l > p i ^militar y inslallalio n do nol . Il l withi n th e ordinar

y mcia-ji-aB^^oliig, " "structure, " "fociiity, " or "instaliatioa. " Th e SI C cod e an d commo n contro l cri t»ia#^ , "majo r source'VdetmmoiyM

e bein g inappropriately applie d t o militar y installations . VM. liurren tapplicatio n o f

th e "source'fdefirurio

n to militar

y installation s results i n th e discrimina xry ; treatmen to f federal , mediation s i n violatio n o f Clea n Ai r Ac t (CAA ) § 118(a) . EP A b curfehti y wdriang with pODtc-iks W more flexible guidanc e t o th e EPA Regions . Th e preambl e o f thi s rule should , discus s the, major source treatmento f DO D facilities .

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### T O 991919541550 9 PQG P ncic ; 

# h 

# A
Recommendation. E P A shoul d amen d 4 0 CF RPart s 5 1 an d 5 2 t o elafir

y th e application ofth e "majo r stationar y sewcef definitio n t o militar

y installation

s unde r th e NS Ran

d PS D programs . MT th e followin g t o th e preamble : >X . ; • ... . '•r.T- '•••X-lEP A currentl y view s militar

y itatallatioB s a s single stationai y ^puree s b determinin

g th e applicabilit

y ofNe w Sourc

e Revie w (NSR ) an d Preventio

n o f Significan tDeterioration (PSD) . Th e posrfin

n ofth e Departmen

to f Defeas e (DoD ) i s thai tin s result s i n th e imprope r aggregatioa o f

disamila r sources o f

emission s o n a scal e notcontemplate d b y th e Congress . Do D states tha tmilitar y insialiarloa

s ar e in siz e and scop e o f

activitie s mor

e analogous t o mmaapaJrde s tha n t o indnstria

l plants . Do D believe s tha tCongres s di d no t inten d t o trea ta n entir e militar y installatio

n u a single sourc

e fo r NS Raad PSD . Do D explain s taa tpoUutant-emnfih

g activitie s o n a typica

l miditai y installatio

n d o m> tfitvwthi a th e ordinar

y n-tmia g o f

•buildiag, " "structure, " "facility, " or "insullation. * Th e SI C cod e an d commo n contro l criteri a ofth e 'majo

r source " definitio

n ar e being inappropriatel

y applie d t o mr.tsr

y installations ; Do D beneve s tha tEPA' s applicatio

n ofth e "source " definitio n t o aijutoEy^instaJ^on

s fesului n the disgriminaioi y treatmen

to f federa l installation

s i n vjolanon ; o

f Glea n Ai r Ac t( C AA>§ , 118(a l EP A i s currentl

y working -wit

h Do D t o issu e mor

e flexible guidanc

e t o the EP

A Region s o n applyin

g th e majo

r source definition. -A.x-*i&.v-x. <".•• • Ad d t o th e en

d o f 4 0 CF KI^^^XlX") , S1.166(bX6) , and.52<21(bX6) : X:t.-Zi'7 One militar

y installation ! may,consis

to f multipl e stationai y sources based upo n th e lack o f commo n contro l o r th e pretenc

e o f fuscnonall

y distinc trepresentativ

e Majo r Groups .

. Complianc e CcrrKhado n B y NSR . Applicants •i - "•• /

-'-V, ' Applicant s for Ne w Sourc

e Review permit

s mus tcertif y tha tal l majo r stationar y source s owne d or operate d b y th e » ; ilicantin th e stal e ai e i n complianc

e wit h or o n a schedule fo r complianc e whh al l applicabl e e Tiisions.lirmtaliQn

s and standard s unde r th e Clea n Ai r Act . Se e § 173(a)(3) . 7.1.-2A.", '.-•: ..T'-- - -C^X.-r <s...s":i'rt , Th e scop e o f

thi s r.^.aifem^wit h respec tt o nu^^^insmllationslkr, ) othe r federa l facilities seeking NS RperrjiJ i s unclear'.and.coul d be,unreasQt^ly;hurdens<an e i f interprete d t o broadly. Also , EP A shoul d mak e Uclearite l comphano

e certificatio

n ca n b e satisfie

d b y either bein

g i n complianc e o r b y brin

g o n a schedul

e for compliance

. Recommendation. H

P A 'houidadarifytheCA

A § 173(a)(3 ) requiremen

tb y includin g th e following languag

e in 4 0 C7R§ 51,165 . v r>U » c Fo r th e purpos

e o f consphaac

e corifiwttio

o und o CA

A § 173(aX3) , federa

l applicant

s mus tcertif y complianc

e b y otha r majo r stationar y source s withi n th e stat e controlled o r operated b y the applican

tfedera l agency, department

, o r militar y majo r command

. Th e certificatio

n ca n b e based o n actua

l complianc

e or a schedul

e for achievin

g compliance.

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