# U ni te d S ta te s Co ur t of A pp ea ls For the Eig hth Circu it

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__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _ Uni te d S ta te s o f Am eri ca
ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll ll l App el le e

v.
Sh awn Dem ar J oh ns on
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__ __ __ __ __ __ App eal fro m

Uni te d S ta te s Di st ric t Co ur t fo r th e So ut he rn Dis tri ct of I owa

__ __ __ __ __ __ Su bm it te d: Sep te m

be r 18 , 20 12 Fil ed : Oct ob er 3 0, 2 01 2 [Pu bl is he d]

__ __ __ __ __ __ Befo re GRUENDER, ARNOLD, and SHEPHERD, Circ ui t J ud ge s.

__ __ __ __ __ __ PER CURI AM.

S h a wn Jo hn so n ap pe al s fro m th e di st ric t co ur t's de ni al of hi s m ot io n f o r a 1

se nt en ce re du ct io n u nd er 1 8 U.S.C. § 35 82 (c)( 2) . W e aff irm.

The Hon or ab le Ro be rt W

. Prat t, Uni te d St at es Dis tri ct Ju dg e fo r th e So ut he rn 1 Dis tri ct of I owa

.Afte r Mr. Jo hn so n pl ead ed gu il ty to po ss es si ng co cai ne ba se (cra ck ) wit h th e

in t e n t t o d i s t rib ut e it , se e 21 U.S.C. § 84 1( a)(1 ), th e di st ric t co ur t se nt en ced hi m to 30 m on th s' im

pr is on m en t in acco rd an ce wit h a pl ea ag reem en t th at Mr. Jo hn so n ha d

en te re d i n t o u nd er Fed

. R. Cri m

. P. 11 (c)( 1) (C). Mr. Jo hn so n la te r m ov ed fo r a
se nt en ce red uc ti on ba se d on ret ro act iv e am en dm en ts to th e Sen te nc in g Gui de l i ne s. Se e U.S.S.G., ap p. C, am en d. 75 0. To be el ig ib le fo r a red uc ti on , M r. Jo hn so n ha d t o h a v e be en se nt en ced "b as ed on a se nt en ci ng ran ge th at ha s su bs eq ue nt ly b e e n lo wered by th e Sen te nc in g Co m m is si on ." 18 U.S.C. § 35 82 (c)( 2)

. He m ai nt ai ns th at hi s se nt en ce was "b as ed on a se nt en ci ng ran ge " be cau se hi s pl ea ag reem en t st at es th at h i s 3 0

- mo nt h se nt en ce "ad eq ua te ly ta ke s in to acco un t al l of th e fact or s to be

co ns id ered un de r th e ad vi so ry sen te nc in g g ui de li ne s t ha t ap pl y to th is off

en se ."

W e ag ree wit h th e di st ric t co ur t th at th is la ng ua ge do es no t m ak e Mr. Jo hn so n el ig ib le fo r a red uc ti on

. Acco rd in g to Ju st ic e So t o m ay or 's co nc ur rin g op in io n in Free man v. Uni te d St at es , 13 1 S. Ct

. 26 85 (2 01 1) , th e pr in ci pl es of whi ch su pp ly th e
ru le of de c i s i o n i n th is cas e, se e Mar ks v. Uni te d St at es , 4 30 U.S. 1 88 , 1 93 (1 97 7) , a se nt en ce un de r Ru le 11 (c)( 1) (C) is "b as ed on " th e Gui de li ne s if th e pl ea ag reem en t "ex pr es sl y us es a Gui de li ne s se nt en c i n g r a ng e ap pl ic ab le to th e ch arg ed of fen se to

es ta bl is h th e te rm of im

pr is on m en t," Free man , 13 1 S. Ct

. at 26 95 (So t o mayor, J.,

co nc ur rin g)

. Bu t he re, th ou gh th e Gui de li ne s were ad ve rte d to ge ne ral ly, th ere is no
ex pr es s co nn ect io n be twee n th em an d Mr. Jo hn so n's se nt en ce : t h e r e was no in ti m at io n th at th e ag reed -u po n " 'se n t e n c e [was ] de te rm in ed pu rs ua nt to th e Sen te nc in g Gu id el in es .' " Cf . id . at 2 69 9 (q uo ti ng th e p le a ag reem en t i n Free man ). The ag r eem en t do es no t "m ak e cl ear th at th e ba si s fo r th e sp eci fie d te rm is a Gui de li ne s se nt en ci ng ran ge ap pl ic ab le to the of fens e to whi ch [Mr

. Jo hn so n] pl ead ed gu il ty," si nc e a Gui de li ne s "s en te nc in g ran ge is [n ot ] ev id en t fro m th e ag ree men t it se lf." Id

. at 26 97

. W e th us can no t sa y th at th e Gui de li ne s "ra ng e se rv es as th e ba si s
or fou nd at io n fo r th e te rm of i m pr is on m en t." Id

. at 26 95

.

Affi rm ed

.

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