# Patent

## Title
Method and system for inter-vehicular communications and information reporting

## Abstract

A method for inter-vehicular communications and information reporting. A visual observation is made from a first vehicle. First information is associated with the observation and transmitted from the first vehicle to a network server over a network. The network server determines whether to transmit the first information to one or more other vehicles based, at least in part, on second information received by the network server from at least one of the one or more other vehicles.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Ser. No. 60/512,934 filed Oct. 20, 2003.


BACKGROUND
The present invention relates to a method and system for inter-vehicular communications and information reporting.
As people become more reliant on the Internet, the need arises to access the Internet from within a moving vehicle, such as a car or truck. This capability is currently provided by laptop computers having wireless Internet connectivity, hand-held devices such as PDAs, and an increasing number of cell phones, and should soon be widely provided in vehicles as standard, built-in equipment. For example, General Motors currently provides a limited Internet based communications system built-in to its more upscale vehicles which is marketed as “OnStar.”
While the Internet can connect a vehicular traveler to a practically unlimited number of land-based computers, the computers have not been adapted to serve the special needs of the vehicular traveler. For example, there is often a desire, when traveling, to communicate with the unknown occupant of another vehicle that is in sight of the traveler. There is also often a desire, when traveling, to obtain specific local information that is useful to a traveler, such as local road status information, where the local information is provided or reported by travelers in other vehicles who are privy to the information. More generally, there is a need for a method and system for inter-vehicular communications and information reporting to serve the vehicular traveler.
SUMMARY
Methods and systems for inter-vehicular communications and information reporting according to the present invention are disclosed. According to one aspect of the invention, a visual observation is made from a first vehicle. First information is associated with the observation and transmitted from the first vehicle to a network server over a network. The network server determines whether to transmit the first information to one or more other vehicles based, at least in part, on second information received by the network server from at least one of the one or more other vehicles.
Preferably, the network is the Internet, and a subscription service is provided covering (a) the first vehicle or an occupant therein and (b) the at least one of the one or more other vehicles or an occupant therein, to enable receipt of transmissions from the network server from inside the first vehicle and the one or more other vehicles.
In a messaging aspect of the invention, the observation is made of a person in a second vehicle. The first information includes a message to the second person, and a first identifier identifying the first vehicle or an occupant therein, and indicia identifying the second vehicle for addressing the message, are transmitted along with the first information.
In an event reporting aspect of the invention, there are a plurality of other vehicles, the observation is made of a road related event, the first information includes a first characterization and location of the event, and the second information includes a second characterization and location of the event.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a preferred system for inter-vehicular communications and information reporting according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of selected internal features of the system of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is an exemplary output display of a map providing event information according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an exemplary input display according to the present invention for entering event information.
FIG. 5 is an exemplary input display according to the present invention for entering messaging information.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system 10 for inter-vehicular communications and information reporting. A vehicle for purposes herein may be any transportation device, but the invention is believed to be particularly advantageous for and is particularly suited to use in communications between cars and trucks traveling on roads or stopped at roadsides.
An instance of the system 10 is provided for a number of vehicles, each making a wireless network connection 12 over a cellular network (not shown) with a network server 13 or other network accessible computer. The network connection 12 may make use of any wireless network protocol, e.g., WiFi or Bluetooth. The term “network server” is used generally herein as being a hub device connected to any network, which is preferably the Internet but which may be any network including a private access network such as a LAN or WAN.
According to a first, event reporting aspect of the present invention, the system 10 provides for entering local road status information from a vehicle and reporting local road status to the vehicle. To serve this purpose, turning to FIG. 2, each system 10 includes an input/output device 14 for use in the vehicle, a mapping module 16, a global positioning system module 20, and a processing module 22.
The network server 13 generally provides, among other things, the service of receiving information entered by vehicular occupants or owners who subscribe to the service (“subscribers”), though subscribing to the service is not essential to the invention. In the preferred event reporting embodiment of the invention, the event is a road condition, some examples of which are restaurants, vehicular incidents or accidents, objects in the road, and the disposition of official vehicles. The input/output device 14 is therefore adapted for entry of these and other road related events.
There are many types of input/output devices available, and other types of such devices will likely become available in the future. The devices may be built into the vehicle, or may be personal portable devices such as laptop computers having wireless Network connectivity, hand-held devices such as PDAs, and cell phones. There is no intention herein to limit practice of the invention to any particular type of input/output device.
For graphics-based input/output devices, representative icons may be provided for displaying different types of information for selection, which may be selected via a touch-screen. For voice-based input/output devices, the device is adapted to recognize speech representative or indicative of the different types of information. For text-based input/output devices, a visual display device is accompanied by a keypad which provides a suitably limited number of text choices for data input appropriate to data entry in a moving vehicle.
The input/output device 14 is preferably adapted so that event “type” information may be accompanied by corresponding severity or “importance” information, such as a ranking, e.g., 1-5. For example, a road hazard may be graded 3 out of 5, indicating a significant traffic delay, or a restaurant may be graded as being “five star.” While importance information that is simply a number indicative of a rank is preferred because it is easy to enter and view, importance information can be any characterization of the event including any textual or graphical characterization without departing from the principles of the invention.
A vehicular occupant would observe an event about which he or she desires to communicate to others, typically while traveling. The occupant characterizes or describes the event with type and importance information, and enters the characterization by use of the device 14 into a database maintained by the network server 13.
Along with the type and importance information, the processing module 22 preferably appends time information as well as location information obtained from the global positioning system module 20 identifying the time and location of the event. The global positioning system module provides the position of the vehicle at a first time corresponding to the time of entry of the event, however, position information could be entered manually. The system 10 may assume that the position of an event is not substantially different from the position of the vehicle at the time of entry of the event. Alternatively, a predetermined or user specified lag time may be assumed. As will be readily apparent, the approximate location of the event can be computed using this lag time in conjunction with obtaining the position of the vehicle at a second time, where the direction and speed of travel of the vehicle can be computed using the change in the two known positions between the two known times.
The event information is preferably accompanied by an identifier for identifying the vehicle or a vehicular occupant, or both, from which the information was provided (“identity identifier”).
The event information, along with the identity identifier, is transmitted to the network server 13 over the network via the wireless connection 12. The network server is adapted to receive the event information input from one vehicle and determine whether to report the information to other vehicles. Such determination can resolve into a number of different actions as discussed more fully below, such as to pass the information through unchanged, to modify the information, or to suppress the information.
The vehicle, or the system 10 if it is portable, has an IP, email or other form of address (hereinafter “Address”), and the network server 13 possesses the Address as well as information identifying the subscriber, so that the network server, using the identity identifier, may identify and evaluate the source of event information received from the vehicle, such as described further below.
The network server includes a database for storing the event information along with the aforementioned identity identifier. Using this database, the network server may provide to the system 10 in a selected vehicle reports regarding events within a predetermined user or programmatically specified range of the vehicle's location. The vehicle's location may be known to the network server by providing it to the network server by use of the vehicle's global positioning system. Updated vehicle location information for each vehicle may be transmitted to the network server, preferably repeatedly at predetermined intervals and automatically. As an alternative, reports can be broadcast to all subscribers using a subscriber list without regard to vehicle location. In that case, the processing module 22 in each vehicle may sort or edit the information as desired for relevance or convenience to the user.
The transmitted reports are output to the users through the respective input/output devices 14. More particularly, with reference to FIG. 3, event information is preferably displayed on a graphics output display 19a of a graphics-based input/output device 14, the map being provided and maintained by the mapping module 16. As indicated by the configuration shown in FIG. 2, the processor 22 may update the map with event information and instruct the mapping module to provide an updated map to the input/output device 14. Alternatively, the processing module may consult the mapping module, modify the map and provide the map to the input/output device.
The map may center on the vehicle's current location and scroll as the vehicle travels to maintain this centering as is known in the art. Alternatively, the map may be stationary with respect to the display and the vehicle's location movably plotted on the map with updates to the map being brought into view as boundaries are crossed. Some or any selected part of the event information is graphically or iconically represented on the map. For example, the existence of a restaurant may be indicated by a graphical representation of a restaurant at the appropriate location on the map, and importance information indicating that one or more subscribers consider the restaurant to be exceptional may be displayed by the use of one or more star-shaped icons; the prices charged by a gas station or the severity of a road hazard may be graphically or textually indicated along with an iconic representation on the map, and the location or disposition of a parked patrol or service vehicle may be indicated by a suitably shaped icon. These are just some examples; it will be readily appreciated that graphic presentation of information may be provided in numerous ways.
Where the input/output device 14 is suitable only for text or voice-based output, or where textual or audio output is otherwise desired, the network server may provide textual or voice descriptions of the events, and the locations of the events may be provided during the time that the vehicle is in a predetermined or user-specified proximity to the event. The network server may be in repeated communication with the global positioning system module of the vehicle, such as mentioned above, to track the movement of the vehicle for this purpose.
With reference to FIG. 4, a preferred touch-screen input display 19b provides a menu of choices for input of event information. While the text descriptors are shown, graphical descriptors may also be used. Some examples of initial input choices and subsequent choices linked to the initial choices are provided to illustrate the method. Where the input/output device 14 is suitable only for voice-based input and in the absence of greater intelligence, the system 10 may be programmed to recognize certain words or phrases.
It is a problem that event information that is once entered into the system may not remain current. For example, a road hazard that is indicated as being present at a certain position may in fact have been removed some time previously. According to the invention, a vehicular occupant may inform the network server of any discrepancies between what is actually present and what the map indicates as being present. The user may indicate event discrepancies by re-entering the event correctly, or pointing to the event on the map along with entering a code instructing the network server to delete or modify the description of the event.
It is also a problem that information entered by vehicular occupants may not be reliable. In the worst case, event information may be deliberately entered incorrectly. In addition, event information provided from different vehicles may be inconsistent or contradictory, as indicated immediately above.
According to the invention, different data corresponding to the same location (or same event) may be analyzed to determine a most likely description of the event for reporting to subscribers. Event information may be confirmed or modified (“confirmed event information”) as a result of the analysis. Any number of different known statistical techniques may be used. A simple and illustrative means for analysis is simply to average the event information, or portions thereof, provided by multiple providers. For example, in the case where an event either is or is not present, the network server may presume that the event is not present, and therefore decline to report the event, if less than a predetermined threshold, e.g., 80%, of the information received about the event indicates that the event is present. Importance rankings and locations may simply be numerically averaged to obtain a most reliable or likely value. Where traffic flows in both directions, a large number of entries for the location of an event may converge to the actual location whether the entries are corrected for lag or not. Similar in concept to averaging, a voting or multi-voting scheme may be used.
Especially for the purpose of updating event information, event information may be weighted for statistical analysis generally, or averaging specifically, according to its recency. Especially for the purpose of ensuring the reliability of event information, event information may be weighted for this averaging based on a history of reliability for event information associated with a particular identity identifier. Weighting can be done in combination to serve both purposes.
In accord with the reliability considerations above, the network server may not report an event or an aspect of the event (i.e., provide confirmed event information) unless and until a predetermined number of votes or entries are obtained for the event or aspect. The number of votes may be normalized for particular areas in which traffic density is known to be high or low, and for particular times at which traffic density is known to be high or low. An event may also not be reported the network server fails to receive a sufficient number of entries that agree with one another, or agree with one another in certain critical or important respects, or if the event is reported by a source that is known or estimated to be unreliable based on prior information received from the source.
As should be apparent, there is a wide variety of methods that may be used for deciding when and how to report event information to subscribers, and the format for displaying the event information. While some illustrative examples have been provided above, it should be understood that many alternative methods may be used without departing from the principles of the invention.
Turning now to a second, messaging aspect of the invention, the system 10 includes an input/output device 14 but need not include the other components mentioned above since all of the intelligence of the overall system may reside in the network server 13. Again, the network server 13 generally provides, among other things, the service of receiving information about an event entered by vehicular occupants or owners who subscribe to the service (“subscribers”), though subscribing to the service is not essential to the invention. More particularly, a messaging embodiment of the invention as described herein provides for safe message exchange between persons who can see one another from within their vehicles but do not know each other. The network server is adapted to receive message information input from one vehicle and addressed to another vehicle and determine whether to transmit the information to the other vehicle. Such determination can resolve into a number of different actions as discussed more fully below, such as to transmit the message, save the message for later consideration, or to suppress the message.
According to a preferred messaging embodiment of the invention, along with the Address for the vehicle, the network server is provided the vehicle license number or numbers of its subscribers. Then, a subscriber in vehicle A spots an occupant in vehicle B to whom the subscriber in vehicle A wishes to send a message. An illustrative and preferred protocol to enable this and subsequent communications according to the invention is next described below. However, it should be understood that many variations of the exemplary protocol may be employed without departing from the principles of the invention.
The subscriber in vehicle A notes indicia unique to the vehicle B, preferably the license number (which may be numeric, alpha, or alphanumeric) of vehicle B, and enters that license number into the input/output device 14 of the system 10 for the vehicle A, for transmission to the network server 13. The network server checks its database for a record of the license number of the vehicle B. If the license number is not present on the database, or if the license number is present on the database, the network server returns an appropriate message to the system 10 for the vehicle A.
As will be readily appreciated, indicia provided on bumper or window stickers or the like for identifying the vehicle to the network server may be used as an alternative to indicia provided by the vehicle's license plate number, registration number, or other unique marking already provided on the vehicle.
If the network server determines that the license number of the vehicle B is on the database, the network server has the Address of the system 10 for the vehicle B, and the occupant of vehicle A may send a message to the network server for delivery to the system 10 for the vehicle B.
The message may be spontaneously composed, predetermined, or be one of a number of predetermined choices made by the occupant of the sending vehicle A. The message is input from the system 10 for the vehicle A with the input/output device 14 for that vehicle's system.
The message as delivered by the network server 13 to the system 10 for the vehicle B is output from the system 10 for the vehicle B on the input/output device 14 of that vehicle's system so that the message can be visually or audibly perceived by the occupant of vehicle B.
The occupant of vehicle B may or may not wish to respond to the message from vehicle A. If the occupant of vehicle B does not respond to the message, the network server 13 will not send any subsequent messages received from the system 10 for the vehicle A to the system 10 for the vehicle B. The network server may simply save the message as indicated below.
Alternatively, the occupant of vehicle B may not be sure at the time the message is received whether to respond to the message or not, or may be sure that he or she wants to respond to the message but not be sure when to respond to the message, or may want to respond to the message immediately. If the occupant wishes to respond to the message immediately, he or she simply sends a message to the network server for delivery to the system 10 for the vehicle A. The message may be spontaneously composed, predetermined, or be one of a number of predetermined choices.
If the occupant of the vehicle B is not sure if or when to respond to the message from the vehicle A, the occupant may indicate that the message should be saved. Alternatively, as indicated above, the network server 13 may save messages as a default if the occupant does not respond. Saved messages may be held by the network server for a predetermined or user-specified time, after which the messages are deleted if a response has not yet been received. The occupant of vehicle B may call up the saved messages and indicate, using the input/output device 14 of that vehicle's system, which of the saved messages a present message which the occupant is now ready to send is responding to.
The system 10 in conjunction with the remote network server 13 may also be adapted so that the occupant of vehicle B may instruct the network server to disable vehicle A from further communications with vehicle B. This disabling feature may be operable for a predetermined or user-specified time, or may be maintained as permanent.
Subsequent communications between vehicle A and vehicle B may be carried out precisely as described above, where the role of vehicle A is assumed by vehicle B and the role of vehicle B is assumed by vehicle A, and so on.
The system 10 in conjunction with the remote network server 13 may provide for a “do not disturb” mode of operation wherein a subscriber indicates to the network server a desire to receive no messages. The “do not disturb” instruction may be enforced for a predetermined or user-specified time, or may remain in place until the user affirmatively retracts the instruction.
The system 10 in conjunction with the remote network server 13 preferably indicates to the initiator in advance of a proposed communication whether permission to deliver a message will be granted. Permission may be denied either because the vehicular occupant to whom the message is to be addressed is not a subscriber, so that communication will not be possible, or because the vehicular occupant has activated the “do not disturb” function. If permission will not be granted, the subscriber need not make the effort required to compose or select a message.
A message may be displayed on the graphics output display 19a, or may be output in audio form as speech. To enter messaging information, the input display 19b is used. An exemplary menu for the input display 19b according to the messaging aspect of the invention is shown in FIG. 5. To produce a message, the occupant may, for example, choose to compose a message from scratch using a keypad or voice input. A simple set of the most commonly used word processing functions may be provided to assist the occupant to create a message. Alternatively, the user may select a message from a list of previously composed or previously provided messages, which may be conveniently organized by type of message, such as friendly greetings (e.g., “Hello, where are you headed?”) or warnings (e.g., tires low, signal out), etc. A command icon indicated as “send” is provided to send indicia identifying the vehicle to which the message is to be sent, and to send the ultimate message, to the network server 13.
The messaging aspect of the invention may be employed in non-vehicular settings. For example, a dating service could assign registered singles indicia and publish or transmit their pictures and biographies along with the indicia. People could contact one another with two levels of safety. There is the usual safety that results from registering with the dating service. There is also a level of safety in that a line of communication can be opened that can be safely and permanently closed at any time at the will of either party.
As will be readily appreciated, in a non-vehicular setting it is not necessary that connections to the network be made wirelessly. Further, where people are gathered in a localized area, a local area network may well substitute for a large scale network such as the Internet.
Preferably, indicia are selected or used that will maintain a degree of personal anonymity after communications are closed. For this reason, a user's normal or ordinary email address, for example, may not be desirable indicia, however, a temporary email address could be used that may be later abandoned if desired.
It should be understood that the network server 13 and the system 10, according to the present invention, may share or apportion functions as described above as desired. For example, all of the intelligence for the system 10 (e.g., in the processing module 22) may reside on the network server 13, in the system 10, or be distributed between the network server and the system 10. Further, the system 10 may be implemented in any combination of hardware, software, and firmware as will be readily appreciated by persons of ordinary skill.
It should be more generally understood that, while selected methods and apparatus according to the invention have been shown and described as being preferred, other methods and apparatus incorporating one or more of the features described herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the invention.
The terms and expressions which have been employed in the foregoing specification are used therein as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention in the use of such terms and expressions to exclude equivalents of the features shown and described or portions thereof, it being recognized that the scope of the invention is defined and limited only by the claims which follow.

## Claims

1. A method for inter-vehicular communications and information reporting, comprising:
making a visual observation from a first vehicle;
associating first information with said observation;
transmitting, from said first vehicle to a network server over a network, said first information; and
determining, by said network server, whether to transmit said first information to one or more other vehicles, at least in part as a result of considering second information received by said network server from at least one of said one or more other vehicles.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing a subscription service covering (a) said first vehicle or an occupant therein and (b) said at least one of said one or more other vehicles or an occupant therein, to enable receipt of transmissions from said network server from inside said first vehicle and said one or more other vehicles.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the network is the Internet.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein said observation is made of a person in a second vehicle, wherein said first information includes a message to said second person, wherein said step of transmitting includes transmitting, along with said first information, a first identifier identifying said first vehicle or an occupant therein, and indicia identifying the second vehicle for addressing said message.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein said indicia include at least a representation of the license number of said second vehicle.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein said second information comprises an instruction, issued from said second vehicle in response to said step of transmitting said message thereto, to block any further messages from said first vehicle to said second vehicle, and wherein said step of determining consequently includes ensuring that any further messages from said first vehicle are not transmitted to said second vehicle for at least a predetermined amount of time.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein said second information comprises an instruction, issued from said second vehicle in response to said step of transmitting said message to said second vehicle, to save said message for later consideration, and wherein the method includes consequently saving said message remotely from said second vehicle.

8. The method of claim 3, wherein there are a plurality of other vehicles, said observation is made of a road related event, said first information includes a first characterization and location of said event, and said second information includes a second characterization and location of said event.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein said location is automatically established by a global positioning system as a result of indicating the road condition to an input/output device in said first vehicle.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein said step of determining includes considering additional information received prior to said first information and associated with a first identifier identifying said first vehicle or an occupant therein.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein said step of determining includes considering additional information received prior to said first information and associated with a second identifier received by said network server identifying said at least one of said one or more other vehicles.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein said step of determining includes a step for determining confirmed event information.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein said step of determining includes determining confirmed event information by comparing at least said first and second information.

14. The method of claim 8, wherein at least said first characterization includes event type and importance information.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein said step of determining includes determining confirmed event information by comparing at least said first and second information.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein said location is automatically established by a global positioning system as a result of indicating the road condition to an input/output device in said first vehicle.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein said step of determining includes a step for determining confirmed event information.

18. The method of claim 8, wherein said step of determining includes a step for determining confirmed event information.

19. A method for inter-vehicular communications and information reporting, comprising:
a step for making a visual observation from a first vehicle;
a step for associating first information with said observation;
a step for transmitting, from said first vehicle to a network server over the Internet, said first information; and
a step for determining, by said network server, whether to transmit said first information to one or more other vehicles based, at least in part, on second information received by said network server from at least one of said one or more other vehicles.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising providing a subscription service covering said first vehicle and said one or more other vehicles to enable said first vehicle and said one or more other vehicles to receive transmissions from said network server.