EX-10.31



 Exhibit 10.31 
 EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT 
 This Agreement effective January 1, 2009, is
between Harvest Natural Resources, Inc. (the “Company”) and James A. Edmiston III, a resident of Texas (“Employee”), the terms and conditions of which are as follows: 

W I T N E S S E T H : 

WHEREAS, the Company and Employee previously entered into an Amended and Restated Employment Agreement dated September 15, 2005
(the “Original Employment Agreement”); and 
 WHEREAS, Employee and the Company wish to enter into this
Agreement in order to bring Employee’s employment agreement into documentary compliance with section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) and the rules and regulations issued thereunder by the
Internal Revenue Service and of Treasury; 
 NOW THEREFORE, for good and valuable consideration, the sufficiency and receipt of
which are acknowledged, the Company and Employee agree as follows effective January 1, 2009: 
  

	1.	TERM OF EMPLOYMENT. 


Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company agrees to employ Employee and Employee agrees to be employed
by the Company for the initial term which started on September 1, 2004 and ended on May 31, 2007. On May 31, 2007, and on each anniversary thereafter (an “Extension Date”) the term of this Agreement shall
automatically be extended for a one-year period unless and until either party has given written notice to the other at least one year before any Extension Date that it or he wishes to terminate this Agreement as of such Extension Date. 

 

	2.	POSITION AND DUTIES. 

  

	 	(a)	Position. Subject to annual election by the Company’s Board of Directors, effective as of October 1, 2005, Employee’s position shall be President
and Chief Executive Officer of Harvest Natural Resources, Inc. 

  

	 	(b)	Duties and Responsibilities. Employee’s duties and responsibilities initially shall be those normally associated with Employee’s position, plus any
additional duties and responsibilities the Company initially may assign orally or in writing to Employee. Employee shall undertake to perform all Employee’s duties and responsibilities for the Company and its affiliates in good faith and on a
full-time basis and shall at all times act in the course of Employee’s employment under this Agreement in the best interest of the Company and the Company’s affiliates. 


 

	 	(c)	The Company’s Right to Change Position or Duties. Subject to the terms of this Agreement, the Company shall have the right, to the extent the Company from
time to time reasonably deems necessary or appropriate, to change Employee’s position, or to expand or reduce Employee’s duties and responsibilities. 


  
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	3.	COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS. 

  

	 	(a)	Base Salary. Effective as of October 1, 2005 and for the remaining term of this Agreement, Employee’s yearly base salary shall be not less than
$370,000 US (paid bi-weekly), which yearly base salary shall be payable from the Company’s Houston offices to Employee in accordance with the Company’s standard payroll practices and policies, and shall be subject to such withholdings as
required by U.S. Federal law and the State of Texas, or as otherwise permissible under such practices or policies. The Company shall annually review Employee’s base salary. 


 

	 	(b)	Annual Bonus. Employee shall be eligible for such annual bonus as may be determined by the Human Resources Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors and
the Company’s Board of Directors, which bonus shall be based on Employee’s performance under the guidelines adopted by the Company, the Company’s overall performance and any special circumstances the Human Resources Committee and the
Company’s Board of Directors deem appropriate. Any such bonus is to be determined at the discretion of the Company’s Human Resources Committee and the Company’s Board of Directors. Employee acknowledges that the Company is not
obligated to award him any bonus in any year. 

  

	 	(c)	Employee Benefit Plans. Employee shall be eligible to participate in the employee benefit plans, programs and policies maintained by the Company for similarly
situated employees in accordance with the terms and conditions to participate in such plans, programs, and policies as in effect from time to time. 

  

	 	(d)	Stock Options and Restricted Stock. Previously Employee has been granted certain stock options and restricted stock pursuant to the Company’s long-term
incentive plans and is eligible for future equity based compensation awards. Except as provided in Section 4(a), this Agreement neither increases nor decreases the number of stock options and shares of restricted stock previously granted, nor
does it change the terms under which they were granted. 

  

	 	(e)	Vacation. Employee shall be entitled to four (4) weeks annual vacation. 


 

	 	(f)	Expenses. In accordance with and subject to the terms of the Company’s business expense reimbursement policy, the Company shall pay or reimburse Employee
for all reasonable expenses actually incurred or paid by Employee in the performance of his services hereunder upon the presentation of expense statements or vouchers or such other supporting information as the Company may reasonably require of
Employee. 


  
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	 	(g)	Office Facilities and Services. Employee shall be accorded such benefits and support services, including without limitation, office facilities, administrative
assistant, communications, and such other perquisites as would normally be accorded by a corporation of the size and at the stage of development in the industry in which the Company is, to its President and Chief Executive Officer.


  

	 	(h)	Indemnification. Employee shall be entitled to the benefit of the indemnification provisions contained in the bylaws of the Company, as the same may be amended.


  

	 	(i)	Stock Unit Award Agreement. On September 15, 2005, Employee and the Company entered into an agreement granting Employee a stock unit award (the
“Stock Unit Award”). 

  

	4.	TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT. 

  

	 	(a)	Termination By The Company Other Than For Cause Or By Employee For Good Reason. 


 

	 	(1)	The Company shall have the right to terminate Employee’s employment other than for Cause at any time and Employee shall have the right to quit or resign for Good
Reason at any time. 

  

	 	(2)	 If (a) the Company or its successors terminate Employee’s employment with the Company other than (i) for Cause or (ii) pursuant to
a notice of termination delivered in accordance with Section 4(j) of this Agreement or (b) Employee resigns for Good Reason, then (u) the Company shall pay to Employee an amount equal to thirty-six (36) months of Employee’s
base salary as in effect immediately before Employee’s termination of employment, (v) the Company shall pay to Employee an amount equal to thirty-six (36) months of the maximum contribution the Company may make for Employee under the
Company’s 401(k) profit sharing plan as in effect immediately before Employee’s termination of employment, (w) any outstanding stock option(s) granted by the Company to Employee shall become fully vested and shall remain exercisable
for twelve (12) months following Employee’s termination pursuant to this Section 4(a)(2), or the expiration of the general term(s) of the option(s) specified in the relevant option agreement(s), whichever is the shorter period,
(x) the forfeiture restrictions in the Stock Unit Award shall lapse as to the stock units granted thereunder, (y) the restriction period on restricted shares of stock granted by the Company to Employee will lapse upon the date of
Employee’s termination of employment and a certificate(s) representing such shares will be delivered to Employee within thirty (30) days after the date of Employee’s termination of employment, and (z) Employee shall be reimbursed
for up to $20,000 of outplacement services with an outplacement service approved by the Company provided that the expenses for the outplacement services are reasonable and are incurred no later than the last day of the second taxable year of
Employee in which Employee’s Separation From Service (as defined below) occurs. The Company shall make such outplacement services expense reimbursement 



  
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payments no later than the close of the third taxable year of Employee following the taxable year of Employee in which Employee’s Separation From Service occurs. The Company shall make the
lump sum cash payments described in clauses (v) and (w) on the date that is six months following the date of the Employee’s Separation From Service. For purposes of this Agreement “Separation From Service” has the
meaning ascribed to that term in section 409A of the Code and the rules and regulations issued thereunder by the Department of Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service (“Section 409A”). 


 

	 	(3)	 If the termination or resignation described in Section 4(a)(2) occurs within 730 days after or 240 days before a Change of Control, or if the
Company or its successors terminate Employee’s employment with the Company pursuant to a notice of termination delivered in accordance with Section 4(j) of this Agreement within 730 days after or 240 days before a Change of Control, then
(r) the Company shall pay to Employee an amount equal to thirty-six (36) months of Employee’s base salary as in effect immediately before Employee’s termination of employment (s) the Company shall pay to Employee the Bonus
Amount (as defined in Section 4(d)), (t) the Company shall pay to Employee an amount equal to thirty-six (36) months of the maximum contribution the Company may make for Employee under the Company’s 401(k) profit sharing plan as
in effect immediately before Employee’s termination of employment, (u) any outstanding stock option(s) granted by the Company to Employee shall become fully vested and shall remain exercisable for twelve (12) months following
Employee’s termination of employment, or the expiration of the general term(s) of the option(s) specified in the relevant original option agreement(s), whichever is the shorter period, (v) the forfeiture restrictions in the Stock Unit
Award shall lapse as to the stock units granted thereunder, (w) the restriction period on any outstanding restricted shares of stock granted by the Company to Employee will lapse upon the date of Employee’s termination of employment and a
certificate(s) representing such shares will be delivered to Employee within thirty (30) days after the date of Employee’s termination of employment, (x) Employee shall be reimbursed for up to $20,000 of outplacement services with an
outplacement service approved by the Company, provided that the expenses for the outplacement services are reasonable and are incurred no later than the last day of the second taxable year of Employee in which Employee’s Separation From Service
occurs, (y) for a period of thirty-six (36) months following the later to occur of the date of Employee’s termination of employment or the date of the Change of Control, the Company shall continue to provide Employee and
Employee’s dependents with the same level of life, disability, accident, dental and health insurance benefit coverages Employee and Employee’s dependents were receiving immediately before Employee’s termination of employment, and
(z) the Company shall pay to Employee an additional amount such that the net amount retained by Employee pursuant to the benefits described in this 



  
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Section 4(a)(3) after any excise tax imposed under section 4999 of the Code shall be equal to the amount that Employee would have received pursuant to such benefits before payment of any
such excise tax. The Company shall make the lump sum cash payments described in clauses (s),(t) and (u) on the later to occur of (1) the date that is six months following Employee’s Separation From Service or (2) the date of the
Change of Control. The Company shall make outplacement services reimbursement payments specified in this Section 4(a)(3) no later than the close of the third taxable year of Employee following the taxable year of Employee in which
Employee’s Separation From Service occurs. If the dental, accident or health insurance benefits specified in this Section 4(a)(3) are taxable to the Employee and are not otherwise exempt from Section 409A the following provisions
shall apply to the reimbursement of such benefits. The benefits eligible for reimbursement shall be the benefits that were available to the Employee and his dependents under the provisions of the Company’s group medical, accident and dental
benefits plans as in effect immediately prior to the earlier of Employee’s Separation From Service or the date on which the Change of Control occurs. Employee shall be eligible for reimbursement for covered dental, accident or health insurance
expenses incurred during the period commencing on the later to occur of the termination, resignation or Change of Control and ending on the date that is thirty-six (36) months later. The amount of dental, accident and health insurance expenses
eligible for reimbursement during Employee’s taxable year will not affect the expenses eligible for reimbursement in any other taxable year (with the exception of applicable lifetime maximums specified in the plans). The Company shall reimburse
an eligible dental, accident and health insurance expense on or before the last day of Employee’s taxable year following the taxable year in which the expense was incurred. To the extent that the dental, accident or health insurance benefits
provided to the Employee pursuant to this Section 4(a)(3) are taxable to the Employee and are not otherwise exempt from Section 409A, any amounts to which the Employee would otherwise be entitled under this Section 4(a)(3) during the
first six months following the date of the Employee’s Separation From Service shall be accumulated and paid to the Employee on the date that is six months following the date of his Separation From Service. Employee’s right to reimbursement
is not subject to liquidation or exchange for another benefit. Any tax gross-up payment made pursuant to clause (z) of this Section 4(a)(3) shall be made by the Company by the end of Employee’s taxable year next following
Employee’s taxable year in which Employee remits the related taxes to the Internal Revenue Service. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, any amounts to which the Employee would otherwise be entitled under clause
(z) of this Section 4(a)(3) during the first six months following the date of the Employee’s Separation From Service shall be accumulated and paid to the Employee on the date that is six months following the date of his Separation
From Service. 


  
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	 	(4)	Employee shall not be entitled to payments and benefits under Section 4(a)(2) if he is entitled to payments and benefits under Section 4(a)(3).


  

	 	(b)	Termination By The Company For Cause, Or By Employee Other Than For Good Reason. 


 

	 	(1)	The Company shall have the right to terminate Employee’s employment at any time for Cause, and Employee shall have the right to quit or resign at any time other
than for Good Reason. 

  

	 	(2)	If the Company terminates Employee’s employment for Cause or pursuant to a notice of termination delivered in accordance with Section 4(j) of this Agreement
that is not delivered within 730 days after or 240 days before a Change of Control, or Employee quits or resigns other than for Good Reason, the Company’s only obligation to Employee under this Agreement shall be to pay Employee’s base
salary (including accrued vacation) actually earned up to the date Employee’s employment terminates. 

  

	 	(c)	Termination for Disability or Death. 

  

	 	(1)	The Company shall have the right to terminate Employee’s employment on or after the date Employee has a Disability, and Employee’s employment shall terminate
at Employee’s death. 

  

	 	(2)	If Employee’s employment terminates under this Section 4(c), the Company shall pay Employee or, if Employee dies, Employee’s estate the amount provided
for under Section 4(a)(2)(u) and, in addition, Employee or, if Employee dies, Employee’s estate shall be entitled to the provisions of Sections 4(a)(2)(v), (w), (x) and (y) with respect to the Company’s 401(k) profit sharing
plan, Employee’s stock options, Employee’s restricted stock units and Employee’s restricted stock. In the event of the termination of Employee’s employment due to the death of Employee the cash payments described in Sections
4(a)(2)(u) and 4(a)(2)(v) shall be made within 30 days after the date of Employee’s death. No person shall be entitled to specify the In the event of the termination of Employee’s employment due to the Disability of Employee the cash
payments described in Sections 4(a)(2)(u) and 4(a)(2)(v) shall be made on the date that is six months following the date of Employee’s Separation From Service. 


 

	 	(d)	Bonus Amount. The term “Bonus Amount” means three times the amount of the higher of (i) the highest annual bonus earned by Employee for the last
three fiscal years ending prior to the termination date, and (ii) (A) the target bonus percentage as established by the Company’s Board of Directors for the fiscal year in which the Change of Control occurs, multiplied by
(B) Employee’s annual base salary for that fiscal year (whether or not paid or accrued for the full year at the time of Employee’s termination or resignation). 


  
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	 	(e)	Cause. The term “Cause” shall mean (1) Employee’s final conviction of a felony by a trial court, (2) Employee’s material breach of
this Agreement or (3) Employee’s material violation of any policy or code of conduct of the Company, all as reasonably determined by the Company. 


 

	 	(f)	Good Reason. The term “Good Reason” shall mean any of the following, unless Employee shall have given his express written consent thereto: (1) a
material breach of the terms and conditions of this Agreement by the Company which remains uncorrected for thirty (30) days after Employee delivers written notice of such breach to the Company; (2) failure to maintain or reelect Employee
to the position described in Section 2(a); (3) a significant reduction of Employee’s duties, position or responsibilities relative to Employee’s duties, position or responsibilities in effect immediately prior to such reduction,
unless Employee is provided with comparable duties and responsibilities; (4) a substantial reduction, without good business reasons, of the facilities and perquisites available to Employee immediately prior to such reduction; (5) a
reduction by the Company of Employee’s monthly base salary in effect immediately prior to such reduction; (6) the Company fails to continue Employee’s participation in any bonus, incentive, profit sharing, performance, savings,
retirement or pension policy, plan, program or arrangement on substantially the same or better basis, both in terms of the amount of benefits provided to Employee and the level of Employee’s participation, relative to other participants;
(7) the relocation of Employee more than fifty (50) miles from the location of the Company’s principal office on the date hereof; or (8) the failure of the Company to obtain a satisfactory agreement from a successor to assume and
agree to perform this Agreement as contemplated by Section 6(d). 

  

	 	(g)	Disability. Employee shall have a “Disability” under this Agreement on the date the Company receives written notice from a physician selected by the
Company that Employee no longer can perform one or more of the essential functions of Employee’s job even with reasonable accommodation. 

  

	 	(h)	Change of Control. A “Change of Control” means the occurrence of any of the following: 


 

	 	(1)	 the acquisition by any individual, entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) (a
“Covered Person”) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) of 50 percent or more of the combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities of the Company
entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (the “Voting Securities”); provided, however, that for purposes of this subsection (1) of this Section 4(h) the following




  
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acquisitions shall not constitute a Change of Control: (i) any acquisition by the Company, (ii) any acquisition by any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained
by the Company or any entity controlled by the Company, or (iii) any acquisition by any entity pursuant to a transaction which complied with clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) of subsection (3) of this Section 4(h); or


  

	 	(2)	individuals who, as of the date of this Agreement, constitute the board of directors of the Company (the “Incumbent Board”) cease for any reason to constitute
at least a majority of the board of directors of the Company; provided, however, that any individual becoming a director after the date of this Agreement whose election, or nomination for election, by the Company’s stockholders was approved by
a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board shall be considered as though such individual were a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of
office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors; or 

  

	 	(3)	the consummation of a reorganization, merger or consolidation or sale of the Company, or a disposition of at least 50 percent of the assets of the Company, together
with its subsidiaries, including goodwill (a “Business Combination”), provided, however, that for purposes of this subsection (3), a Business Combination will not constitute a change of control if the following three requirements are
satisfied: 

 following such Business Combination, (i) all or substantially all of the individuals and
entities who were the beneficial owners, respectively, of the Company’s voting securities immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 50 percent of the ownership interests of the entity
resulting from such Business Combination (including, without limitation, an entity which as a result of such transaction owns the Company or all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, together with its subsidiaries, either directly or
through one or more subsidiaries or other affiliated entities) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership immediately prior to such Business Combination, (ii) no Covered Person (excluding any employee benefit plan (or related
trust) of the Company or its subsidiaries or such entity resulting from such Business Combination) beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 50 percent or more of, respectively, the ownership interests in the entity resulting from such Business
Combination, except to the extent that such ownership existed prior to the Business Combination, and (iii) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors of the entity resulting from such Business Combination were members of the
Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement, or of the action of the board of directors of the Company, providing for such Business Combination. For this purpose any individual who becomes a


  
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director after the date of this Agreement, and whose election, or nomination for election, by the Company’s stockholders was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then
comprising the Incumbent Board shall be considered as though such individual were a member of the Incumbent Board, but excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened
election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors. 
  

	 	(i)	Benefits. Employee shall have the right to receive any benefits payable under the Company’s employee benefits plans, programs and policies (other than the
Company’s Policy for Termination and Separation of Employment (the “Severance Plan”)) which Employee otherwise has a non-forfeitable right to receive under the terms of such plans, programs and policies (other than severance benefits)
independent of Employee’s rights under this Agreement upon a termination of employment in addition to any other benefits under this Section 4 without regard to the reason for such termination of employment. Employee acknowledges and agrees
that until the termination of this Agreement, he shall not be entitled to participate in the Severance Plan. 

  

	 	(j)	Notice of Termination. Any termination by the Company or by Employee for any reason shall be communicated by a notice of termination to the other party hereto
and shall be given in accordance with Section 6(a). Such notice shall state the specific termination provision in this Agreement relied upon, and shall set forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for
termination under the provision so indicated. 

  

	 	(k)	No Mitigation. Employee shall not be required to mitigate the amount of any severance payment contemplated by this Agreement, nor shall any such payment be
reduced by any earnings that Employee may receive from any other source. 

  

	 	(l)	Stock Award Agreements. In the event of a conflict adverse to Employee between the terms of this Agreement and the terms of any agreement granting Employee stock
options or restricted stock, the terms of this Agreement shall govern. 

  

	5.	COVENANTS BY EMPLOYEE. 

  

	 	(a)	Property of the Company. 

  

	 	(1)	Employee covenants and agrees that upon the termination of Employee’s employment for any reason or, if earlier, upon the Company’s request, Employee shall
promptly return all Property which had been entrusted or made available to Employee by the Company or any of its subsidiaries. 


  
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	 	(2)	The term “Property” shall mean all records, files, memoranda, reports, price lists, drawing, plans, sketches, keys, codes, computer hardware and software and
other property of any kind or description prepared, used or possessed by Employee during Employee’s employment by the Company (and any duplicates of any such property) together with any and all information, ideas, concepts, discoveries, and
inventions and the like conceived, made, developed or acquired at any time by Employee individually or with others during Employee’s employment which relate to the business, products or services of the Company or any of its subsidiaries.


  

	 	(b)	Trade Secrets. 

  

	 	(1)	In consideration for the promises made in Section 5(d) of this Agreement, the Company promises that it shall provide and make available to Employee certain
confidential, proprietary information and trade secrets. 

  

	 	(2)	Employee covenants and agrees that Employee shall hold in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit of the Company and each of its affiliates, and shall not directly or
indirectly use or disclose, any Trade Secret that Employee may have acquired pursuant to Section 5(b)(1) above during the term of Employee’s employment by the Company for so long as such information remains a trade secret.


  

	 	(3)	The term “Trade Secret” shall mean information, including, but not limited to, technical or non-technical data, a formula, a patent, a compilation, a program,
a device, a method, a technique, a drawing, a process, financial data, financial plans, product plans, or that (a) derives economic value, actual or potential, from not being generally known to, and not being generally readily ascertainable by
proper means by other persons who can obtain economic value from its disclosures or use and (b) is the subject of reasonable efforts by the Company and its affiliates to maintain its secrecy. 


 

	 	(4)	This Section 5(b) is intended to provide rights to the Company and its subsidiaries which are in addition to those rights the Company and its subsidiaries have
under the common law or applicable statutes for the protection of trade secrets. 

  

	 	(c)	Confidential Information. 

  

	 	(1)	Employee covenants and agrees while employed under this Agreement and thereafter during the Restricted Period he shall hold in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit of
the Company and each of its affiliates, and shall not directly or indirectly use or disclose, any of the Company’s or the Company’s affiliates’ Confidential or Proprietary Information that Employee may have acquired (whether or not
developed or compiled by Employee and whether or not Employee is authorized to have access to such information) during the term of, and in the course of, or as a result of Employee’s employment by the Company or its affiliates.



  
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	 	(2)	The term “Confidential or Proprietary Information” shall mean any secret, confidential or proprietary information of the Company or an affiliate (not
otherwise included in the definition of a Trade Secret under this Agreement) that has not become generally available to the public by the act of one who has the right to disclose such information without violation of any right of the Company or its
affiliates. 

  

	 	(d)	Non-Competition. During the period of Employee’s employment with the Company and thereafter during the Restricted Period, Employee covenants and agrees
that, in connection with the business operations and prospective interests of the Company on the date of Employee’s termination of employment, which prospective interests are disclosed to Employee prior to or on the date of
Employee’s termination of employment, he shall not, directly or indirectly, own any interest in, manage, control, participate in, consult with, render services for, or in any manner engage in any businesses in competition with the Company or
materially adverse to the Company (unless the Company’s Board of Directors shall have authorized such activity and the Company shall have consented thereto in writing). Investments in less than 5% of the outstanding securities of any class of
the Company subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, shall not be prohibited by this Section. For purposes of this Section 5(d), the term
“Company” shall include Harvest Natural Resources, Inc. and any of its affiliates or subsidiaries or any company in which it is a minority shareholder or a joint venture partner. For purposes of this Section 5(d), the term
“businesses” shall mean any enterprise, commercial venture, or project involving oil and gas exploration or production activities in the same geographic areas as the Company’s activities during the period of Employee’s
employment. 

 Further, during the period of Employee’s employment with the Company and thereafter during the
Restricted Period, Employee covenants and agrees that he will not directly or indirectly through another entity induce or otherwise attempt to influence any employee of the Company to leave the Company’s employment or in any way interfere with
the relationship between the Company and any employee thereof. Further, Employee will not induce or attempt to induce any customer, supplier, licensee, joint venture partner, shareholder, licensor or other business relation of the Company to cease
doing business with the Company or in any way interfere with the relationship between any such customer, supplier, licensee, joint venture partner, shareholder, licensor or business relation of the Company. 

If (i) pursuant to the arbitration process described in Section 6(c) of this Agreement (or such other process as to which the
Company and Employee may agree upon in writing), it is determined that Employee has violated the provisions of this Section 5(d), and (ii) Employee has received a payment from the Company pursuant to Section 4(a)(2)(u),
Section 4(a)(2)(v), Section 4(a)(3)(r), Section 4(a)(3)(s) or Section 4(a)(3)(t) of this Agreement (the “Lump Sum Severance Amount”), then, in addition to any other remedies that the Company may have,


  
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Employee shall be obligated, and hereby agrees, to pay the Company, as liquidated damages, an amount (but not less than zero) equal to the product of (x) the Lump Sum Severance Amount and
(y) a fraction whose numerator is the excess of thirty-six (36) over the number of calendar months that have elapsed since the last day of Employee’s termination of employment under Section 4 of this Agreement and whose
denominator is thirty-six (36). 
  

	 	(e)	Employment Restriction – Conflict of Interest. Employee covenants and agrees that he will not receive and has not received any payments, gifts or promises
and Employee will not engage in any employment or business enterprises that in any way conflict with his service and the interests of the Company or its affiliates. In addition, Employee agrees to comply with the laws or regulations of any country,
including, without limitation, the United States of America, having jurisdiction over Employee, the Company or any of the Company’s subsidiaries. 

 Employee shall not make any payments, loans, gifts or promises or offers of payments, loans or gifts, directly or indirectly, to or for the use or benefit of any official or employee of any government or
to any other person if Employee knows, or has reason to believe, that any part of such payments, loans or gifts, or promise or offer, would violate the laws or regulations of any country, including, without limitation, the United States of America,
having jurisdiction over Employee, the Company or any of the Company’s subsidiaries. 
 By signing this Agreement, Employee
acknowledges that he has not made and will not make any payments, loans, gifts, promises of payments, loans or gifts to or for the use or benefit of any official or employee of any government or to any other person which would violate the laws or
regulations of any country, including, without limitation, the United States of America, having jurisdiction over Employee, the Company or any of the Company’s subsidiaries. 

 

	 	(f)	Restricted Period. The term “Restricted Period” shall mean the two-year period which starts on the date Employee’s employment terminates with the
Company without regard to whether such termination comes before or after the end of the term of this Agreement. 

  

	 	(g)	Reasonable and Continuing Obligations. Employee agrees that Employee’s obligations under this Section 5 are obligations which will continue beyond the
date Employee’s employment terminates and that such obligations are reasonable and necessary to protect the Company’s legitimate business interests. The Company additionally shall have the right to take such other action as the Company
deems necessary or appropriate to compel compliance with the provisions of this Section 5. 


  
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	6.	MISCELLANEOUS. 

  

	 	(a)	Notices. Notices and all other communications shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given when personally delivered or when mailed by United
States registered or certified mail. Notices to the Company shall be sent to 1177 Enclave Parkway, Suite 300, Houston, Texas 77077. Notices and communications to Employee shall be sent to Employee’s home address, as indicated by the records of
the Company. 

  

	 	(b)	No Waiver. Except for the notice described in Section 4(f), no failure by either the Company or Employee at any time to give notice of any breach by the
other of, or to require compliance with, any condition or provision of this Agreement shall be deemed a waiver of any provisions or condition of this Agreement. 


 

	 	(c)	Arbitration and Governing Law. ANY UNRESOLVED DISPUTE OR CONTROVERSY BETWEEN EMPLOYEE AND THE COMPANY ARISING UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS EMPLOYMENT
AGREEMENT SHALL BE SETTLED EXCLUSIVELY BY ARBITRATION, CONDUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE RULES OF THE AMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION THEN IN EFFECT. THE COMPANY WILL BEAR THE ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS OF ANY ARBITRATION UNDER THIS EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT,
INCLUDING THE ARBITRATOR’S FEES. THE ARBITRATOR SHALL NOT HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO ADD TO, DETRACT FROM, OR MODIFY ANY PROVISION HEREOF. THE ARBITRATOR SHALL HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO ORDER REMEDIES WHICH EMPLOYEE COULD OBTAIN IN A COURT OF COMPETENT
JURISDICTION. A DECISION BY THE ARBITRATOR SHALL BE IN WRITING AND WILL BE FINAL AND BINDING. JUDGMENT MAY BE ENTERED ON THE ARBITRATOR’S AWARD IN ANY COURT HAVING JURISDICTION. THE ARBITRATION PROCEEDING SHALL BE HELD IN HOUSTON, TEXAS, UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, THE COMPANY SHALL BE ENTITLED TO SEEK INJUNCTIVE OR OTHER EQUITABLE RELIEF FROM ANY COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION, WITHOUT THE NEED TO RESORT TO ARBITRATION IN THE EVENT THAT EMPLOYEE VIOLATES
SECTIONS 5(b), 5(c), 5(d) OR 5(e) OF THIS EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT. THIS EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT SHALL IN ALL RESPECTS BE CONSTRUED ACCORDING TO THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF TEXAS. 


 

	 	(d)	 Assignment by the Company; Meaning of “Company”. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Company and any
successor to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company. The Company may assign this Agreement to any affiliate or successor, and no such assignment shall be treated as a termination of Employee’s employment under this
Agreement; provided, however, that in the case of an assignment to an affiliate, the Company shall not be relieved of its obligations under this Agreement. The Company will require any successor corporation (whether direct or indirect, and whether
by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company to expressly assume and to agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent as the Company, as if




  
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no such succession had taken place. Failure of the Company to obtain such assumption and agreement prior to the effectiveness of any such succession shall be a material breach of this Agreement.
As used in this Agreement, “Company” shall mean the Company as hereinbefore defined and any successor to its business or assets as aforesaid which assumes and agrees to perform this Agreement by operation of law, or otherwise.


  

	 	(e)	Assignment by Employee. Employee’s rights and obligations under this Agreement are personal, and they shall not be assigned or transferred without the
Company’s prior written consent. 

  

	 	(f)	Other Agreements. With the exception of the Company’s stock option plans (and related agreements), restricted stock plan (and related agreements) and
incentive plans, and the guidelines referred to in Section 3(b), this Agreement replaces and merges any and all previous agreements and understandings regarding all the terms and conditions of Employee’s employment relationship with the
Company, and this Agreement constitutes the entire agreement of the Company and Employee with respect to such terms and conditions. 

  

	 	(g)	Amendment. No amendment to this Agreement shall be effective unless it is in writing and signed by the Company and by Employee. 


 

	 	(h)	Invalidity. If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or otherwise unenforceable, the remaining provisions shall be unaffected and shall
continue in full force and effect, and there shall be deemed substituted for the provision at issue a valid, legal and enforceable provision as similar as possible to the provision at issue. 


 

	 	(i)	Enforceability by Beneficiaries. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the parties hereto and their respective heirs, legal or
personal representatives and successors and if Employee should die while any amount would still be payable to him hereunder if he had continued to live, all such amounts shall be paid in accordance with the terms of this Agreement to Employee’s
devisee, legatee or other designee or, if there is no such designee, to his estate. 

  

	 	(j)	 Reimbursement of Certain Expenses. To the extent Employee shall prevail in any arbitration proceeding pursuant to Section 6(c) to resolve
any dispute or controversy between Employee and the Company arising under or in connection with this Agreement, then the Company shall reimburse Employee, or pay on Employee’s behalf, all of Employee’s reasonable expenses, including
without limitation attorneys’ fees, incurred by Employee in connection with the arbitration. The amount of such expenses eligible for reimbursement during Employee’s taxable year will not affect the expenses eligible for reimbursement in
any other taxable year. The Company shall reimburse an eligible expense pursuant to this Section 6(j) on or before the last day of Employee’s taxable year following the taxable year in which the expense was incurred. Notwithstanding




  
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any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, any amounts to which the Employee would otherwise be entitled under this Section 6(j) during the first six months following the date of the
Employee’s Separation From Service shall be accumulated and paid to the Employee on the date that is six months following the date of his Separation From Service. Employee’s right to reimbursement under this Section 6(j) is not
subject to liquidation or exchange for another benefit. 

  

	7.	NOVATION. 

 This Agreement
is a novation to the Amended and Restated Agreement between the Company and Employee effective September 15, 2005, which is hereby extinguished. As consideration for this novation, Employee acknowledges the value of the matters described in the
recitals to this Agreement and the other terms of this Agreement and agrees that they are adequate to make the novation binding in all respects. 
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company and Employee have executed this Agreement in multiple originals to be effective as set out above. 

 

									
	HARVEST NATURAL RESOURCES, INC.	 		 	JAMES A. EDMISTON III
					
	By:	 	 	 		 	By:	 	 
		 	Stephen D. Chesebro’	 		 		 	
		 	Chairman of the Board of Directors	 		 		 	
					
	Date:	 	 	 		 	Date:	 	 


  
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