FOURTH D I VI SI ON BOGGS, J.

RA Y and M cM I LLI A N, JJ.

N O T IC E : M otions for r e c ons i de r a tion m us t be ph y sic a l ly r e ce iv ed i n our c le r k ’s offic e w ithin te n da y s of the da te of de c is ion to be de e m ed tim e ly file d.

http://w w w .ga a ppe a ls .us /r ule s /

Jul y 1, 2015



# I n th e Co u r t o f

A p p eals o f

G eo r g ia

A1 5 A0 18 2 . COTTINGHAM & BUTLER, INC. v . BELU. BO-0 7 9

B O G G S , J u d g e.

Aro n an d Li d i a Bel u , d / b / a E x p res s A u t o Tr an s p ort

, s u ed t h ei r i n s u ran ce

ag en ts

, Co tt i n g h am & Bu t l er, In c. an d Co t t i n g h am & Bu t l er In su ran ce Serv i ces , In c.

(co l l ect i v el y , “ C&B”), fo r n eg l i g en ce an d b reach o f co n t ract in co n n ect i o n wi t h t h ei r

p u rch as e o f an i ns u ran ce p o l i cy

. C&B s ub s eq u en t ly m o v ed fo r s um m ary ju d g m en t

.

Th e t ri al co u rt d en i ed t he m o t i o n , an d we gran t ed C&B’ s ap p l i cat i o n fo r i n t erl o cu t o ry

rev i ew. Fo r reas on s t h at fo l l o w, we affi rm

.

Su m m ary j u d gm en t i s ap p ro p ri at e wh en n o g en ui n e i s s u e s o f m at eri al fact

rem ai n an d t h e m o v i n g p ar t y i s en t i t l ed to ju d g m en t as a m at t er o f l aw. See Ro g er s

& S on s v. S a n tee Ri s k M

a n a g er s , 2 7 9 Ga. Ap p

. 6 2 1

, 6 2 2 (6 31 SE2 d 8 2 1) (2 0 0 6 ). On

a p p e a l

, we rev i ew a t ri al co u rt ’ s s u m m ary ju d g m en t ru l i ng d e no v o , co n s t ru i n g t h eev i d en ce an d al l reas o nab l e i nferen ces i n t h e l ig h t m o s t fav orab l e t o t h e no n m o v an t

.

See i d

.

So v i ewed

, t h e ev i d en ce s h o ws t h at t h e Bel u s em ig rat ed t o t he Un i t ed St at es

fro m Ro m an i a i n 1 9 8 6. On ce i n Am eri ca, t h ey o b tai n ed co m m erci al dri v er’ s l i cen s es ,

b o u g h t a t ru ck

, an d b eg an d ri v i n g fo r vari o u s co m p an i es

. In 2 0 0 2

, t h e Bel u s fo rm ed

t h ei r o wn t ru ck d ri v i ng b u s i n es s , Ex pres s Au t o Tran s p o rt (“ Ex p res s Au t o”), wi t h M r.

Bel u an d M rs

. Bel u ’ s b ro t h er dri v i n g t h e tru ck s , an d M rs

. Bel u han d l in g o ffi ce d u t i es

.

At s o m e p o i nt

, M rs

. Bel u cal l ed C& B an d “ as k ed t h e m t o sel l [h er] al l t h e

co v erag e” t h at s h e an d h er h us b an d n eed ed t o pro t ect t h ei r b u s in es s . Sh e t o l d C&B

t h at t h ey “ wan t ed a p o li cy wh i ch co v ers ev ery t h i ng , t h e t ru ck s , t h e cars , t h e carg o

.

. . p h y s i cal d am ag e, l i ab i l it y , g en eral l i ab i l i t y , ev ery t h i n g.” M rs

. Bel u , h o wev er, d id

n o t r e q u e s t p art i cu l ar co v erag e becau s e s h e was n o t an ex p ert

. In s t ead

, C&B’ s

rep res en t at i v e to ld h er wh at s h e n eed ed

, an d s h e p u rch as ed t h e reco m m en d ed

co v erag e. Acco rd i n g t o M rs . Bel u :

W h en we were get t i n g ou r i n s u ran ce , [t h e C&B rep res en t at i v e] w o u l d

as k m e “ Wh a t k i n d o f b u s i n es s y o u d o ? ” an d t hen t el l m e “ Y o u n eed

t h i s , an d t h i s , an d t h i s , an d t h en y o u are co vered

, d o n ’t wo rry .” He

wo u ld t el l m e wh at I n eed i n t h i s k i n d o f b u si n es s

.

2C&B p ro cu red sev eral p o l i c i e s f o r t h e Bel u s, i n cl u d i n g a carg o i n s u ran ce

p o l i cy i s s u ed b y Un d e r wri ters at L l o y d ’ s , Lo n d o n (“ Ll o y d ’ s ”). M rs

. Bel u t es t i fi ed

t h at sh e l o o k ed o v er t h e p o l i ci es an d i s “ pret t y s u re” s h e read t h em , b u t can n o t

rem em b er “ a h un d red p ercen t .” M r. Bel u d id n o t read t h e p ol i ci es i n t hei r en t i ret y

.

In Decem ber 2 0 0 7

, wh i l e t h e Bel u s were i ns u red b y t h e Ll o y d ’ s carg o p o l i cy ,

a t ru ck carry i n g a l o a d o f v eh i cl es fo r Ex p res s Au t o cau g h t fi re, d am ag i n g t h e

v eh icl es

. Th e v e h i cl e own ers s u ed Ex p res s Au t o , an d t h e Bel us fi l ed a cl ai m u n d er

t h e carg o p o l i cy

. A l th o u g h Ll oy d ’ s ev en t u al l y p ai d t h e Bel u s a cert ai n am o u n t to

s et t l e t h e l aws u it s , i t refu s ed t o as s u m e t h e co s t o f defen s e. To s u p p ort t h is refu s al

,

Ll o y d ’ s ci t ed t he fo l l o w i n g p o li cy p ro v i si o n :

PRI VI LEGE TO ADJ UST W I TH OW NER

– In t h e ev en t of l o s s o r

d am ag e t o p ro p ert y of ot h ers hel d b y t h e In s u red fo r wh i ch cl ai m i s

m ad e u p on th e Un d erwri t ers t h e ri g h t t o ad ju s t s u ch l o s s o r d am ag e w i t h

t h e o wn er o r o wn ers o f t h e p ro p ert y i s res erv ed t o t h e Un derwri t ers an d

t h e recei p t o f s u ch o w ner o r own ers i n s a t i s f a c t i o n t h ereo f s h al l b e i n

fu l l s at i s fact i o n o f an y cl ai m o f t h e In s u red fo r wh i ch su ch p ay m en t h as

b een m ad e. If l eg a l p r o ceed i n g s b e ta ken t o en

f o rce a cl a i m a g a i n st th e

In s u red a s r es

pect s a n y su ch l o ss o r d

a ma g e, t h e Un d

er wr i t er s res er ve

t h e r i g h t a t t h ei r o

p ti o n wi t h o u t exp en s e t o t he In su r ed

, t o co n d u ct a n d

co n t ro l t h e def

en s e o n b e h a l

f o f a n d in t h e n ame o

f t h e In s u red

. No

act i o n o f th e Un d erwri t ers i n s u ch reg ard s h al l i n creas e t h e l i ab i li t y o f

3t h e Un d erwri t ers un d er t h i s Po l i cy , n o r i n creas e t h e l i m it s o f l i ab i l i t y

s p eci fi ed i n t he Po l i cy

.

(Em p h as i s s u p p li ed .)

Ll o y d ’ s fi l ed a d ecl arat o ry ju d g m en t act io n i n fed eral di s t ri ct co urt

, s eek i n g a

d et erm i n at i o n t h at it h ad n o d u t y t o d efen d t h e Bel u s i n t h e l aws u i t s

. See Cer t a in

Un d er w r i t e r s a t Ll oyd ’s

, Lo nd

o n v. Bel u , 2 0 0 9 U. S. Di s t

. LEXIS 7 7 2 8 2, at * 5 (N.

D. Ga. 20 0 9). Bas ed o n th e p ro v i s i o n q uo t ed ab o v e, t he d i s t ri ct co u rt fo u nd t h at “ t h e

u n am b i g u o u s l an g u ag e of t h e p o l i cy p l ai n l y m ean s t h at t h e i n s u rer has t he o p t i o n n ot

t o p ro v i d e a d efen s e.” Id . at * 1 2 . It t h u s co n cl u ded th at Ll o y d ’ s was n o t req u i red t o

d efen d t h e Bel u s. See i d

.

Fo l l owi n g th e di s tri ct co urt ’ s ru l i n g , t h e Bel u s s u ed C&B, al l eg i ng th at i t fai l ed

t o p ro cu re ad eq u at e i ns u ran ce co v erag e t h at i ncl u d ed a d ut y t o d efen d

. C&B m o v ed

fo r s u m m ary j ud gm en t

. It arg u ed t h at t h e Bel us w ere ob l ig at ed to read t h e p o l i cy an d,

i f t hey had

, t h ey wo u l d h av e k n o wn t h a t Ll o y d ’ s h ad t h e o p ti o n

– n o t a d u t y

– to

d efen d t h em ag ai n st an y cl ai m s

. Th e t ri al co urt den i ed t h e m o t i o n , b u t i s s u ed a

cert ifi cat e of im

m e dia te r e vie w

. W e gr a n ted C&B’ s i n t erl o cu to ry ap p li cat i o n , an d t h i s

ap p eal fo l l o w ed

.

41

. A s a g en eral ru l e, an i n s u ran ce ag en t wh o p ro cu res i n su ran ce, b u t f a i l s to

o b t ai n al l o f t h e req ues ted co v erag e, i s i n s u l at ed fro m l i ab i l i t y i f t h e in s u red d o es n ot

re a d t h e p o l i cy

. See Tu r n er

, W o o d & S mi t h v. Reed

, 1 6 9 Ga. Ap p

. 21 3

, 2 1 4 (3 1 1

SE2 d 85 9 ) (1 9 8 3 )

. T h i s i s b ecau s e an i n s u red h as a d u t y to read an d ex am i n e an

i n s u ran ce p o l i cy t o d et erm in e wh e t h e r i t p ro v id es al l o f t h e co v erag e s o ug h t

. See

Tr a in a En t er

p r i ses v. Co r d & W

i l b u r n

, In c. , 2 8 9 Ga. Ap p

. 8 3 3

, 8 3 7 (2 ) (6 5 8 SE2 d

4 6 0 ) (2 0 0 8 ). Th e g en eral ru l e, h o wev er, h as s ev eral ex cep t i o n s , i n cl ud i n g :

w h en t h e ag en t h as h el d h i m s el f o u t as an ex p ert an d t h e in s u r e d h a s

reas o n ab l y rel i e d o n t h e ag en t ’ s ex p ert i s e t o i d en t i fy an d p ro cu re th e

co rrect am o u n t o r t y

p e o f i n s u ran ce, u n l es s an ex am i n at io n o f th e p o l i cy

wo u ld h av e m ad e i t read i l y ap p aren t t h at t he co v erag e req u es t ed was n o t

i s su ed

.

(Ci t at i o n , p u n ct uat i o n , an d fo o t n o t e o m i t t ed .) Id

. 1

Th e Bel u s arg u ed b el o w, an d t h e t ri al co u rt fo u n d

, th at reg ard l es s o f wh et h er

t h ey read t h e Ll o y d ’ s p o l icy , q u es t i o ns o f fact rem ai n as t o t h ei r rel i an ce o n C&B’ s

1 “ Ot her ex cep t i o n s ap p l y wh en an ag en t i nt en t i o n al l y m i s rep res en t s t h e

ex i s t en ce o r ex t en t o f co v erag e o r wh en t h e ev id en ce refl ect s a s p eci al rel at i o n s h ip

o f tru s t o r o t h er u n u s u al ci rcu m s t an ces wh i ch wo u l d h av e p rev en ted o r ex c u s e d

p l ai n t i ff of h i s d u t y t o ex erci s e o rd i n ary d i l ig en ce to en s u re t hat n o am b i g ui ty ex i s t ed

b et ween th e req ues ted i ns u ran ce an d t h at wh i ch w as i ss u ed

. ” (Ci t at i o n, p u n ct u at i o n,

an d fo ot n o t e o m i tt ed .) Id

.

5ex p ert i s e i n i d en t i fy i ng an d p ro cu ri n g ad eq u at e i n s u ran ce fo r t h em

. C&B ch al l en g es

t h i s fi n di n g o n ap p eal

, as sert i n g t hat it was en t i t l ed t o s u m m a r y j u dg m en t b ecau s e,

as a m at t er o f l aw, i t n ev er o ffered ex p ert ad v i ce t o t h e Bel u s . W e d i sag ree.

C&B as sert s t h at an i ns u ran ce ag en cy d oes n o t h o l d i t s el f o u t as a n e x p ert

u n l es s i t “ b eh av e[s ] m ore l i k e a b u s in es s p art ner wi t h t he i n su red : au d i t i n g a

co m p an y , an al y zi n g t hei r need s , an d reco m m en d i n g a co u rs e o f act i o n .” It i s t ru e t h at

,

i n s ev eral cas es ci t ed by C&B, t h e i n s u ran ce ag en cy re v i ewed b u s i nes s au d i t s an d

f i na nc ia l i nf or m a tion in c onne c t ion w ith c ove r a ge reco m m en d at i o n s. See, e.g ., W

r i g h t

Bo d y W or ks v. Co l u m b u s In t er

s t a t e In s

. Ag en cy , 2 3 3 G a. 2 6 8

, 2 71 (2 1 0 SE2 d 8 0 1 )

(1 9 7 4) (i n s u ran ce ag en cy rev i ewed an n ual b u s i n es s au d i t s o f i n s u red t o det er m i n e

wh et h er i n s u ran ce p o l i ci es were s u ffi ci en t ); Ji m A n d er s on & C o

. v

. Pa r Tr a i n i n g

Co r p

. , 21 6 Ga. Ap p

. 3 4 4

, 3 4 5 (1 ) (4 5 4 SE2 d 2 1 0 ) (1 9 9 5 ) (i n s u ran ce ag en cy rev i ewed

i n s u red ’ s fi n an ci al in fo rm at i o n t o as cert ai n ap p ro p ri at e co verag e an d h ad d i s cret i o n

t o ad ju s t co v erag e). Ou r cas e l aw, h o wev er, d o es n o t li m i t t h e ex pert i s e ex cep t i o n to

t h e n arro w s co p e s ug g es t ed b y C&B.

In McCo u r

y v. Al l s t at e In s

. Co

. , 2 5 4 Ga. Ap p

. 2 7

, 29 (2 ) (5 6 1 SE2 d 1 6 9 )

(2 0 0 2), fo r ex am

p l e, we fo u n d t h at an i ns u ran ce ag en t was n o t en t i tl ed t o s u m m ary

ju d g m en t on a n eg l ig en t p ro cu re m en t cl ai m b ecau s e t h e in s u red p art i es o ffered

6ev i d en ce t h at th ey rel i ed o n t h e ag en t ’ s ex pert i s e i n d e t e r m i n i n g w h et h er co v erag e

was ad eq u at e. An d i n Hu n t v. Gr een wa y In s

. Ag en cy , 2 1 3 Ga. Ap p. 1 4

, 1 5 (4 4 3 SE2 d

6 6 1 ) (1 9 9 4 ), s u m

m ary ju d g m en t fo r t h e i n s u ran ce ag en cy was ap p ro pri at e wh en t h e

i n s u red p res en t ed “ no ev id en ce th at t h e ag en t h ad an y d i scret i o n in t h e t y p e o f

i n s u ran ce p ro cu red o r t h at th e p ro p o s ed i n s ured rel i ed o n t h e ag en t t o d eci d e wh at

t y p e o f i n s u ran c e w a s n e e d ed .” No t h i n g i n th es e o r s i m i lar cas es res t ri ct s t h e

ex p ert i s e ex cep t i o n t o si t uat i o n s i n v o l v i n g th e eq u i v al en t o f a b u s in es s p art n ers h ip

b et ween t h e i n s u red an d t h e i n su ran ce ag en cy , o r req u i res t hat an i ns u red “ t u rn [] h i s

b u s i n es s reco rd s o v er to an ag en t ,” as C&B co nt en d s

. On t h e co n trary

, t h e ex cep t i o n

ap p li es wh en an i ns u ran ce ag en t “ h as u n d ert ak en to p erfo rm an ad d i t i o n al s erv i ce,”

b ey o n d m e r el y p ro cu ri n g s p eci fi ed i n s uran ce, “ su ch as d et erm i n i n g t h e am o u n t o f

i n s u ran ce req u i red

, an d t he i n su red rel i es u p o n t h e ag en t t o p e r f o r m t h at s erv i ce.”

Fr eg ea u v. Ha l l

, 1 9 6 Ga. Ap p . 4 9 3 , 4 9 4 (3 96 SE2 d 2 4 1 ) (1 9 9 0 ).

Th e Bel us pres en ted at leas t s o m e ev i d en ce t h ey t h at rel i ed on C&B t o as s es s

t h ei r i n su ran ce n eed s i n t hi s cas e. Acco rd i ng t o M r s

. B e l u , s h e d i d no t req u es t an y

p art i cu l ar am o u n t o f co v erag e. S h e d ep en d ed u p o n a C&B rep res en t at i v e to

d et erm i n e t h e t y

p e an d am o u nt o f i n s u ran ce E x pres s Au t o n eed ed

. An d o n ce t h e

rep res en t at i v e m ad e th at d et erm i n at i o n , h e i n s tru ct ed h er n ot t o w o rry becau s e s h e

7was “ co v ered .” Al t h o u g h C&B cl ai m s th at i t s im pl y p ro cu red i n s uran ce fo r t h e Bel u s ,

t h i s ev i d en ce rai s es q u es t i o n s o f fact as t o w h e t h er t h e ag en cy wen t b ey on d m ere

p ro cu rem en t an d offered ex p ert ad v i ce u p o n wh i ch t he Bel u s rel i ed . See M cCo u r y ,

s u p ra; co m

p are Tr a i n a , s u p ra at 8 3 8 (2 ) (n o e v i d en ce o f rel i an ce o n i n s u ran ce

ag en cy ’ s ex p ert i s e wh ere in su red cal cu l at ed am o u n t a n d ty pe of i n s u ran ce need ed an d

d i d n ot au t h o ri ze ag en t t o as s es s t h es e n eed s , o ffer reco m m en d at i o n s , o r ad

ju s t

co v erag e); Br a s i n g to n v. Ki n g , 1 6 7 Ga. Ap p

. 5 3 6

, 5 3 8 (1 ) (3 0 7 SE2 d 1 6 ) (1 9 8 3 ) (n o

ex p ert i s e ex cep t io n wh ere ag en t d i d n o t “ co m p l et e an y an al y s i s o f p l a i n t i ff’ s

i n s u ran ce n eed s ”), aff’ d

, Ki n g v. Br a s i n g t o n , 2 5 2 Ga. 1 0 9 (3 1 2 SE2 d 11 1 ) (1 9 8 4 );

Et h r i d g e v. As s o ci a t ed

Mu t u a l s , In c. , 1 60 Ga. Ap p . 6 8 7 , 6 8 9 (2 8 8 SE2 d 5 8 ) (1 9 8 1 )

(ex p ert i se ex cep t io n d i d n o t ap p l y wh ere i n s u red t o l d ag en t a m o u n t an d t y p e o f

co v erag e h e d es i red , l eav i n g n o d i scret i o n t o ag en t ).

2

. A l t ern at i v el y , C&B arg u es t h at t h e ab s en ce o f a d u t y to d efen d w as read i l y

ap p aren t o n t h e face o f t h e carg o p o l i cy , p recl u d i n g reco v ery

. As n o t ed b y C&B, t h e

ex p ert i s e ex cep t i o n o nl y rel i ev es t h e i ns u red “ o f t h e res p o n si bi l i t y t o m i n u t el y

ex am i n e t h e po l i cy

. ” (Ci t at i o n s an d fo o t n o t e o m i t t ed .) Ma cIn t yr e & Ed wa r d s

, In c. v.

R i c h

, 2 6 7 G a. Ap p. 78

, 8 1 (1 ) (5 9 9 SE2 d 1 5 ) (2 0 0 4 ). Th u s, i f ex am i n at i o n o f t h e

p o l i cy wo u l d h av e m ad e i t “ read i l y ap p aren t t h at t h e in s u red d i d n ot g et t he co v erag e

8h e r e q u e s t ed

, th e d u ty t o read wi l l s t i l l b ar a l aws u i t ag ai n s t t h e ag en t ev en i f t h e

i n s u red rel i ed u po n t he ag en t ’ s ex p ert i se.” (Ci t at i o n s an d fo ot n o t e o m i t ted .) Id

.

Acco rd i ng t o C&B, t h e Bel u s ’ p o l i cy cl earl y an d u n am b i g u o u s l y p ro v i d ed

Ll o y d ’ s wi t h an o p t i o n t o d efen d

, rat h er t h an a d ut y to d efen d

. Un d o u b t ed l y , t h e

ab s en ce o f s u ch d u t y m ay be i nferred fro m t h e p o l i cy l an gu ag e g i v i n g Ll o yd ’s t h e

“ o p t i o n w i th o u t ex pen s e t o t h e i n s u red t o co n d u ct an d co n t ro l t h e d efen s e o n b eh al f

o f an d in t h e n am e o f th e In s u red .”

. Bu t t h e l ack of d u ty i s n o t s p eci f i c a l l y s t at ed

,

o n l y im p l i ed

. M o reo v er, t h e pro v i s i on at i s s u e i s l o cat ed i n t h e m i d d l e o f a p arag rap h

en t i t l ed “ PRI VI LEGE TO ADJ UST W I TH O W N E R ”

, an d i s co m b i n ed wi t h a

d i fferen t p ro v i s io n , Ll o y d ’ s s tat ed i n t en t i o n t o “ co n du ct an d co n t ro l th e d efen s e

wi t h o u t ex p en s e to t h e i n s u red .” Nei t her t h e p arag rap h n o r i t s h e a d i n g ex p l i ci t l y

referen ces o r e x c l u d es a du t y t o d efen d

, an d M rs

. Bel u t es t i fi ed t h at s he d i d n ot

u n d ers t an d t h e o p erat i ve l an g u ag e.

W e reco g n i ze t hat t h e f

ed eral di s t ri ct co u rt ad

ju di cat i ng L l o y d ’ s d ecl arat o ry

ju d g m en t act i on fo un d t h at t h e p o l i cy l an gu ag e u n am b i g u o us l y g a v e L l o y d ’ s t h e

o p t i o n n o t t o d efen d t h e Bel u s as a m at ter o f l aw. See Bel u , s u p ra. Bu t ev en i f t h e

o p t i o n l an g u ag e was fo u n d to b e u n am b i gu o u s , t h e k ey i n q ui ry i s n o t wh et her a co u rt

o r an i ns u ran ce ex p ert co ul d d et erm i n e t h e i m p ort o f t h e p ro vi s i o n

. Rat h er, h ere we

9m

u st co n s i d er w h et h er “ i t wo u l d h av e b een read i l y ap p aren t t o a l ay m an read i n g t h e

i n s u ran ce p o l i c y, b as ed u p o n t h e p l ai n an d o rd in ary m ean in g of cl ear an d

u n am b i g u o u s l an g u ag e, t h at t h e ri s k cau si n g t h e lo s s was no t co v ered .” (Ci t at i on s

o m i t ted .) At l an t a W

o men ’s Cl u b v. W

a s h b u rn e , 2 0 7 Ga. Ap p

. 3

, 5 (4 2 7 SE2 d 1 8 )

(1 9 9 2). Gi v en t h e p h ras in g o f t h e o p t i o n l an g u ag e, i t s l o cat io n i n t h e m i d d l e o f a

p arag rap h en t i t l ed “ Pri v i l eg e t o Ad ju s t wi t h Own er,” an d Mrs

. Bel u ’ s t es t i m o n y t h at

s h e d i d n o t fu l ly co m

p reh en d t h e p arag rap h

, we ag ree wi t h t he t ri al co u rt t h at a ju ry

q u es ti o n rem ai n s o n th is i s s ue. See Ji m An der s o n & Co

. , su p ra, 2 1 6 Ga. Ap p

. at 3 4 5

-

3 4 6 (2 ) (ju ry q ues t i on rem ai n ed as to wh et h er l ack o f co v erag e was read i l y ap p aren t );

co m p are Ro g er

s , su p ra, 2 7 9 Ga. Ap p

. at 6 2 7 (2 ) (l ack o f co v erag e fo r m ach in ery was

read i l y ap p aren t, g i v en s ep arat el y l is t ed p ol i cy l an g u ag e, i n l arg e p ri n t

, t h at ex p l i ci t l y

an d r ep eat ed l y d rew i n s u red ’ s at t en t i o n t o co v erag e req u i rem en t ); Ma cIn t yr e &

E d w a r d s , s u p ra, 2 6 7 Ga. Ap p

. at 8 1 (1 ) (p o l i cy ch an g e was read il y ap p aren t wh en

ren ewal en do rs em en t o u t l in ed ch an g es , acco m pan y i n g m em o ran du m o ffered fu rt h er

ex p lan at i o n , as wel l as bo l d -faced t y p e d rawi n g i n su red ’ s at t en t i o n t o ch an g e, an d

i n s u red

, an i n s u ran ce ex ecu t i ve, ad m it t ed h e wo u l d h av e un d ers t oo d t h e ch an g e h ad

h e read t h e ren ewal i nfo rm at i o n). Acco rd i n g l y , t h e t ri al co u rt p ro p erl y d en i ed C&B’ s

m o ti o n fo r s u m

m ary ju d g m en t

.

10Ju d

g men t a f f i r m ed . Ra y a n d McMi l l i a n , JJ., co n cu r

.

11