Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 9 / Tuesday, January 14, 1997 / Rules and Regulations 1835

40 CFR Part 63

[AD–FRL–5676–6]

RIN 2060–AD–56 and RIN 2060–AE–37

National Emission Standards for

Hazardous Air Pollutants Emissions:

Group I Polymers and Resins and

Group IV Polymers and Resins

AGENCY: Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Direct final rule.

SUMMARY: On September 5, 1996, the

EPA issued the National Emission

Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

(NESHAP) for Group I Polymers and

Resins (61 FR 46906), and on September

12, 1996, the EPA issued the Group IV

Polymers and Resins NESHAP (61 FR

48208). This action corrects an error in

the final Group I Polymers and Resins

NESHAP, by extending the compliance

date for heat exchange systems. In

addition, this action extends the

compliance date for equipment leaks for

both the Group I and Group IV Polymers

and Resins NESHAP, to allow time

necessary for affected sources to

respond to the amendments to the

hazardous organic NESHAP (HON)

equipment leak provisions promulgated

on December 26, 1996, which are

directly referenced in both subparts U

and JJJ.

DATES: The direct final rule will be

effective March 5, 1997. However, if

significant adverse comments on any

amendment to these rules are received

by February 13, 1997, then the effective

date of that amendment will be delayed,

the EPA will publish a timely

withdrawal of that amendment, and all

public comments received will be

addressed in a subsequent final rule. For

additional information concerning

comments, see the parallel proposal

notice found in the Proposed Rules

Section of this Federal Register.

ADDRESSES: Comments should be

submitted (in duplicate, if possible) to:

Air and Radiation Docket and

Information Center (6102), Attention

Docket Number A–92–44 (Group I

Polymers and Resins) and/or Docket

Number A–92–45 (Group IV Polymers

and Resins), Room M–1500, U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency, 401

M Street, SW, Washington, D.C. 20460.

Comments may also be submitted

electronically by sending electronic

mail (e-mail) to: a-and-rdocket@epamail.epa.gov.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr.

Robert Rosensteel, Emission Standards

Division (MD–13), U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality

Planning and Standards, Research

Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711,

telephone number (919) 541–5608.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This

document is available in Docket No. A–

92–44 and Docket No. A–92–45, or by

request from the EPA’s Air and

Radiation Docket and Information

Center (see ADDRESSES), and is available

for downloading from the Technology

Transfer Network (TTN), the EPA’s

electronic bulletin board system. The

TTN provides information and

technology exchange in various areas of

emissions control. The service is free,

except for the cost of a telephone call.

Dial (919) 541–5742 for up to a 14,000

baud per second modem. For further

information, contact the TTN HELP line

at (919) 541–5348, from 1:00 p.m. to

5:00 p.m., Monday through Friday, or

access the TTN web site at: http://

ttnwww.rtpnc.epa.gov.

Regulated entities. Regulated

categories and entities include:

Category Examples of regulated

entities

Industry ......... Producers of elastomers and

thermoplastics.

This table is not intended to be

exhaustive, but rather provides a guide

for readers regarding entities likely to be

regulated by the amendments discussed

in this direct final rule. If you have

questions regarding the applicability of

this direct final rule to a particular

entity, consult the person listed in the

preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION

CONTACT section.

The information presented in this

preamble is organized as follows:

I. Background

II. Summary of and Rationale for Proposed

Revisions

III. Impacts

IV. Administrative

A. Paperwork Reduction Act

B. Executive Order 12866

C. Regulatory Flexibility Act

D. Unfunded Mandates

E. Submission to Congress and the General

Accounting Office

I. Background

The HON, which was promulgated on

April 22, 1994 (59 FR 19402), regulates

emissions of certain organic hazardous

air pollutants (HAP) from synthetic

organic chemical manufacturing

industry (SOCMI) production processes.

On September 5, 1996 (61 FR 46906),

and September 12, 1996 (61 FR 48208),

the EPA published the Group I Polymers

and Resins NESHAP and the Group IV

Polymers and Resins NESHAP,

respectively. These regulations were

promulgated as subparts U and JJJ in 40

CFR part 63. Due to the similarities in

HAP emissions and emission controls at

SOCMI facilities and elastomer (Group I

Polymers and Resins) and thermoplastic

(Group IV Polymers and Resins)

production facilities, the HON

provisions were used in the

development of regulations for

elastomer and thermoplastic production

facilities. In fact, both the Polymers and

Resins I and IV NESHAP directly

reference sections of the HON. These

sections include the HON equipment

leak provisions (40 CFR 63, subpart H)

and heat exchange provisions (§ 63.104).

The HON equipment leak provisions

are referenced in §63.502 of subpart U

and §63.1331 of subpart JJJ. Since the

HON heat exchange provisions require

the monitoring of cooling water to

detect leaks in heat exchange

equipment, these provisions were also

referenced in the equipment leaks

section, § 63.502, of subpart U. Subpart

JJJ contains § 63.1328, which

specifically addresses heat exchange

systems and references the HON

(§ 63.104).

The final rules require existing

sources to comply with the equipment

leaks provisions by March 5, 1997 for

Group I Polymers and Resins, and by

March 12, 1997 for Group IV Polymers

and Resins. These dates represent six

months from the promulgation of the

final rules. Both regulations also allow

longer periods (up to 3 years from the

respective promulgation dates) for

compliance with the surge control

vessel, bottom receiver, and compressor

provisions under certain circumstances.

The final rule for Group I Polymers

and Resins also requires the owner or

operator to comply with the heat

exchange system requirements by March

5, 1997. The Group IV Polymers and

Resins rule requires compliance with

the heat exchange system requirements

by September 12, 1999, which is three

years from the promulgation date of

subpart JJJ.

The final HON rule provided that

existing sources must be in compliance

with the provisions of subparts F and G

by April 22, 1997, which represents a

date three years from the promulgation

date. Subpart F contains the heat

exchange system requirements

referenced by subpart U, meaning that

the HON allowed 3 years for SOCMI

facilities to comply with these

provisions. The HON contained a tiered

compliance schedule for subpart H

(equipment leaks), and the first group of

sources were required to be in

compliance by October 24, 1993 (six

months after the promulgation date).

On December 26, 1996, in

conformance with a settlement
1836 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 9 / Tuesday, January 14, 1997 / Rules and Regulations

agreement reached with the Chemical

Manufacturers Association (CMA) and

the Dow Chemical Company, the EPA

promulgated amendments to the HON

rule. This action promulgated

significant changes to § 63.104 (heat

exchange systems) and some

amendments to subpart H (equipment

leaks), as well as substantial revisions to

other provisions. For those HON

provisions directly referenced in

subparts U and JJJ, the promulgated

amendments apply to affected Polymers

and Resins I and IV sources.

On November 25, 1996 the EPA

published an Advanced Notice of

Proposed Rulemaking (ANPR) (61 FR

59849) informing the public of the

intent to propose amendments to the

recently promulgated Group I Polymers

and Resins NESHAP and Group IV

Polymers and Resins NESHAP that are

necessary due to the HON amendments.

However, it is anticipated that proposal

of these subpart U and JJJ amendments

will occur in mid-1997, which will be

after the compliance dates for the

equipment leaks provisions for both

Polymers and Resins NESHAP and the

heat exchange system provisions for the

Polymers and Resins I NESHAP.

II. Summary of and Rationale for

Proposed Revisions

A. Summary of Revisions

The NESHAP for Group I Polymers

and Resins provided that existing

sources must be in compliance with the

requirements of § 63.502, which

references the HON equipment leaks

provisions and the HON heat exchange

system provisions, no later than March

5, 1997, unless a compliance extension

was granted. Similarly, the Group IV

Polymers and Resins NESHAP provided

that existing sources must be in

compliance with the requirements of

§ 63.1331, which references the HON

equipment leak provisions, no later than

March 12, 1997, unless a compliance

extension was granted.

This direct final rule changes the

subpart U and subpart JJJ compliance

date provisions in two significant

respects. For Polymer and Resins I

(subpart U), the compliance date for

heat exchange systems is being

extended from March 5, 1997, to

September 5, 1999. This change is

contained in § 63.481(d)(6) of this direct

final rule.

In addition, this direct final rule

extends the compliance date for Group

I Polymers and Resins equipment leaks

until July 31, 1997, and extends the

compliance date for Group IV Polymers

and Resins equipment leaks until July

31, 1997. These changes are included in

§ 63.481(d) and in § 63.1311(d) of this

direct final rule.

B. Rationale

1. Heat Exchange Systems

The EPA never intended that owners

and operators of affected subpart U

sources would have to be in compliance

with the heat exchange system

provisions by 6 months after

promulgation of the rule. As discussed

above, the equipment leak section of

subpart U (§ 63.502) references both the

HON equipment leaks section (subpart

H) and the HON heat exchange system

(§ 63.104) provisions. Section 63.481 of

subpart U, specifies that affected

existing sources must be in compliance

with the provisions of § 63.502 by

March 5, 1997 (i.e., 6 months after

promulgation). This compliance date

was selected to be consistent with the

HON compliance date for the first tier

of sources. However, this compliance

date also applies to heat exchange

systems, since § 63.502(f) contains the

reference to the HON heat exchange

provisions. This was not intended by

the EPA. The intention was to make the

compliance date for heat exchange

systems consistent with the HON (i.e., 3

years from the promulgation date). The

EPA’s intention is evident in the

Polymers and Resins IV regulation

(subpart JJJ). Section 63.1311 of subpart

JJJ requires compliance with the heat

exchange system provisions of § 63.1328

no later than September 12, 1999 (3

years after the promulgation date for

that rule). While this was also the EPA’s

intention in subpart U, the structure of

subpart U caused the inadvertent

establishment of a 6-month heat

exchange system compliance date. In

the HON and in subpart JJJ, the 3 year

compliance deadline was selected

because the EPA considered that

amount of time to be necessary for

owners and operators of affected sources

to complete the planning, design, and

engineering needed to develop the

technology to comply with the

requirements, as well as to perform the

installation and start-up of new

equipment. Therefore, the rationale for

the revision to the heat exchange system

compliance date in subpart U is that the

compliance date in the promulgated

rule was never intended to be March 5,

1997. Rather, the EPA meant to be

consistent with the HON compliance

date for the same provisions.

2. Equipment Leaks

In this direct final rule, the EPA is

extending the compliance date for

equipment leaks (subparts U and JJJ)

due to the fact that the amendments to

the HON (on which the equipment leaks

provisions are based) were promulgated

on December 26, 1996. This may cause

confusion for owners and operators of

affected sources, regarding which HON

equipment leak provisions (subpart H)

they must be in compliance with by

March 5 and March 12, 1997. For this

reason, the EPA is extending the

compliance date for equipment leaks

until 6 months after the publication of

the equipment leak provision

amendments to subpart H. Since the

subpart H amendments were signed by

the Administrator on December 26, 1996

and will be published in January 1997,

this rule extends the compliance dates

in both § 63.1311(d) of subpart JJJ and

§ 63.481(d) of subpart U to July 31,

1997.

Section 112(i)(3) of the Act provides

that existing sources are to be in

compliance with applicable emission

standards ‘‘as expeditiously as

practicable, but in no event later than 3

years after the effective date of such

standard.’’ The September 5, 1996 and

September 12, 1996 final rules specified

a compliance date applicable to

equipment leaks that was six months

from the issuance of those rules. This

direct final rule extends those

compliance dates to approximately 6

months after finalization of the

amendments to the equipment leak

provisions in subpart H. The EPA

believes this compliance date is

reasonable due to the fact that no

changes to the equipment leak

provisions in subparts U and JJJ are

anticipated, except for the addition of a

paragraph parallel to the proposed

amendment to § 63.100(e)(3) of subpart

F, which provides greater flexibility by

allowing specific items of equipment

that are managed by different

administrative organizations to be

aggregated with any process unit within

the affected source.

The EPA believes that the revised

compliance dates will provide sufficient

time for all sources to come into

compliance with the equipment leak

provisions as amended in the HON on

December 26, 1996. However, should

any source be unable to meet that

compliance date because of the need to

install controls that cannot be installed

by that date, such source may request an

extension of up to one year in

accordance with section 112(i)(3)(B) of

the Act, as discussed in § 63.182(a)(6) of

subpart H.

III. Impacts

The extension on the compliance

dates for heat exchange systems at

subpart U affected sources and for

equipment leaks at either subpart U or
Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 9 / Tuesday, January 14, 1997 / Rules and Regulations 1837

subpart JJJ affected sources will not

affect the estimated emissions reduction

or the control cost for the rule.

IV. Administrative

A. Paperwork Reduction Act

For both the Group I and Group IV

Polymers and Resins NESHAP, the

information collection requirements

were submitted to the Office of

Management and Budget (OMB) under

the Paperwork Reduction Act, [44 U.S.C.

3501 et seq.]. The OMB approved the

information collection requirements for

the Group IV Polymers and Resins

NESHAP and assigned those standards

the OMB control number 2060–0351.

An Agency may not conduct or sponsor,

and a person is not required to respond

to, a collection of information unless it

displays a currently valid OMB control

number. The OMB control numbers for

the EPA’s regulations are listed in 40

CFR Part 9 and 48 CFR Chapter 15. The

EPA has amended 40 CFR Part 9,

Section 9.1, to indicate the information

collection requirements contained in the

Group IV Polymers and Resins

NESHAP.

An Information Collection Request

(ICR) document for the Group I

Polymers and Resins I NESHAP was

prepared by the EPA (ICR No. 1746.01)

but has not yet been approved by the

OMB. A copy may be obtained from

Sandy Farmer, OPPE Regulatory

Information Division (2137), U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency, 401

M Street, SW., Washington, D.C. 20460,

or by calling (202) 260–2740.

The amendments to the NESHAP

contained in this direct final rule should

have no impact on the information

collection burden estimates made

previously. Therefore, the ICRs have not

been revised.

B. Executive Order 12866

Under Executive Order (E.O.) 12866,

the EPA must determine whether the

regulatory action is ‘‘significant’’ and

therefore, subject to OMB review and

the requirements of the Executive Order.

The Order defines ‘‘significant’’

regulatory action as one that is likely to

lead to a rule that may:

(1) Have an annual effect on the

economy of $100 million or more or

adversely affect in a material way the

economy, a sector of the economy,

productivity, competition, jobs, the

environment, public health or safety in

State, local, or tribal governments or

communities;

(2) Create a serious inconsistency or

otherwise interfere with an action taken

or planned by another agency;

(3) Materially alter the budgetary

impact of entitlements, grants, user fees

or loan programs or the rights and

obligations of recipients thereof; or

(4) Raise novel legal or policy issues

arising out of legal mandates, the

President’s priorities, or the principles

set forth in the Executive Order.

Pursuant to the terms of the Executive

Order, the OMB notified the EPA that it

considered both the Group I Polymers

and Resins NESHAP and the Group IV

Polymers and Resins NESHAP

‘‘significant regulatory actions’’ within

the meaning of the Executive Order. The

EPA submitted those actions to the

OMB for review. Changes made in

response to suggestions or

recommendations from the OMB were

documented and included in the public

record.

These amendments to those NESHAP

provide affected sources more time in

which to comply with the equipment

leaks provisions of those rules, and

provide Group I Polymers and Resins

more time in which to comply with the

heat exchange systems provisions. The

amendments contained in this direct

final rule do not add any additional

control requirements. Therefore, this

direct final rule was classified ‘‘nonsignificant’’ under Executive Order

12866 and was not required to be

reviewed by OMB.

C. Regulatory Flexibility Act

The EPA has determined that it is not

necessary to prepare a regulatory

flexibility analysis in connection with

this direct final rule. The EPA has also

determined that this rule will not have

a significant economic impact on a

substantial number of small entities. See

the September 5, 1996 Federal Register

(61 FR 46906) and the September 12,

1996 Federal Register (61 FR 48208) for

the basis for this determination. The

compliance date changes to the two

rules do not impose any economic

burden for any regulated entity.

D. Unfunded Mandates

Under Section 202 of the Unfunded

Mandates Reform Act of 1995

(‘‘Unfunded Mandates Act’’), the EPA

must prepare a budgetary impact

statement to accompany any proposed

or final rule that includes a Federal

mandate that may result in estimated

costs to State, local, or tribal

governments in the aggregate; or to the

private sector, of $100 million or more.

Under Section 205, the EPA must select

the most cost-effective and least

burdensome alternative that achieves

the objectives of the rule and is

consistent with statutory requirements.

Section 203 requires the EPA to

establish a plan for informing and

advising any small governments that

may be significantly or uniquely

impacted by the rule.

The EPA has determined that this

direct final rule does not include a

Federal mandate that may result in

estimated costs of $100 million or more

to either State, local, or tribal

governments in the aggregate, or to the

private sector. Therefore, the

requirements of the Unfunded Mandates

Act do not apply to this action.

E. Submission to Congress and the

General Accounting Office

Under 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A), as added

by the Small Business Regulatory

Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, the

EPA submitted a report containing this

rule and other required information to

the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of

Representatives, and the Comptroller

General of the General Accounting

Office prior to publication of this direct

final rule in the Federal Register. This

is not a ‘‘major rule’’ as defined by 5

U.S.C. 804(2).

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 63

Environmental protection, Air

pollution control, Hazardous

substances, Reporting and

recordkeeping requirements.

Dated: January 9, 1997.

Carol M. Browner,

Administrator.

For the reasons set out in the

preamble, part 63 of Chapter I of title 40

of the Code of Federal Regulations is

amended as follows.

PART 63—NATIONAL EMISSION

STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR

POLLUTANTS FOR SOURCE

CATEGORIES

1. The authority citation for part 63

continues to read as follows:

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Subpart U—National Emission

Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutant

Emissions: Group I Polymers and

Resins

2. Section 63.481 is amended by

revising paragraphs (d) introductory

text, (d)(2) introductory text and

(d)(2)(iv); and by adding paragraph

(d)(6) to read as follows:

§ 63.481 Compliance schedule and

relationship to existing applicable rules.

* * * * *

(d) Except as provided for in

paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(6) of this

section, existing affected sources shall

be in compliance with § 63.502 no later

than July 31, 1997, unless an extension

has been granted pursuant to section
1838 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 9 / Tuesday, January 14, 1997 / Rules and Regulations

112(i)(3)(B) of the Act, as discussed in

paragraph § 63.182(a)(6) of subpart H.

* * * * *

(2) Compliance with the compressor

provisions of § 63.164 of subpart H shall

occur no later than March 5, 1998, for

any compressor meeting all the criteria

in paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through (d)(2)(iv)

of this section.

* * * * *

(iv) The owner or operator submits

the request for a compliance extension

to the U.S. Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA) Regional Office at the

addresses listed in § 63.13 of subpart A

no later than June 16, 1997. The request

for a compliance extension shall contain

the information specified in

§ 63.6(i)(6)(i)(A), (B), and (D) of subpart

A. Unless the EPA Regional Office

objects to the request for a compliance

extension within 30 calendar days after

receipt of the request, the request shall

be deemed approved.

* * * * *

(6) Compliance with the heat

exchange system provisions of § 63.104

of subpart F, as required in § 63.502(f),

shall occur no later than September 5,

1999.

* * * * *

Subpart JJJ—National Emission

Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutant

Emissions: Group IV Polymers and

Resins

3. Section 63.1311 is amended by

revising paragraphs (d) introductory

text, (d)(2) introductory text, and

(d)(2)(ii) to read as follows:

§ 63.1311 Compliance schedule and

relationship to existing applicable rules.

* * * * *

(d) Except as provided for in

paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(5) of this

section, existing affected sources shall

be in compliance with § 63.1331 no later

than July 31, 1997, unless an extension

has been granted pursuant to section

112(i)(3)(B) of the Act, as discussed in

§ 63.182(a)(6).

* * * * *

(2) Compliance with the compressor

provisions of § 63.164 shall occur no

later than March 12, 1998, for any

compressor meeting all the criteria in

paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through (d)(2)(ii) of

this section.

* * * * *

(ii) The owner or operator submits the

request for a compliance extension to

the U.S. Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA) Regional Office at the

addresses listed in § 63.13 no later than

June 16, 1997. The request for a

compliance extension shall contain the

information specified in § 63.6(i)(6)(i)

(A), (B), and (D). Unless the EPA

Regional Office objects to the request for

a compliance extension within 30

calendar days after receipt of the

request, the request shall be deemed

approved.

* * * * *

[FR Doc. 97–988 Filed 1–13–97; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 6560–50–P

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Fish and Wildlife Service

50 CFR Part 36

RIN 1018–AC02

Visitor Service Authorizations on

Alaska National Wildlife Refuges

AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service,

Interior.

ACTION: Final rule.

SUMMARY: The Fish and Wildlife Service

(Service) adopts regulations to

implement Section 1307 of the Alaska

National Interest Lands Conservation

Act of 1980 (ANILCA). This action is

necessary to establish the procedures for

granting historical use, Native

Corporation, and local preferences in

the selection of commercial operators

who provide visitor services other than

hunting and fishing guiding on National

Wildlife Refuge System lands in Alaska.

This rulemaking provides guidance in

the solicitation, award and renewal of

competitively offered visitor service

authorizations on National Wildlife

Refuges in Alaska.

DATES: This rule is effective February

13, 1997.

ADDRESSES: Regional Director, Alaska

Region, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,

1011 E. Tudor Road, Anchorage, Alaska

99503.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

David G. Patterson, Regional Public Use

Specialist, U.S. Fish and Wildlife

Service, 1011 E. Tudor Road,

Anchorage, Alaska 99503; Telephone

(907) 786–3389.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

The ANILCA (16 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.)

was signed into law on December 2,

1980. Its broad purpose is to provide for

the disposition and use of a variety of

federally owned lands in Alaska.

Section 1307 of ANILCA (16 U.S.C.

3197) contains two provisions

concerning persons and entities who are

to be given special rights and

preferences with respect to providing

‘‘visitor services’’ in certain lands under

the administration of the Secretary of

the Interior, in this context, units of the

National Wildlife Refuge System. The

term ‘‘visitor service’’ is defined in

section 1307 as ‘‘* * * any service

made available for a fee or charge to

persons who visit a conservation system

unit, including such services as

providing food, accommodations,

transportation, tours, and guides

excepting the guiding of sport hunting

and fishing.’’

Subsection (a) of Section 1307 states

as follows: Notwithstanding any other

provision of law, the Secretary [of the

Interior], under such terms and

conditions as he determines are

reasonable, shall permit any persons

who, on or before January 1, 1979, were

engaged in adequately providing any

type of visitor service [as defined in

subsection (c)] within any area

established as or added to a

conservation system unit to continue

providing such type of service and

similar types of visitor services within

such area if such service or services are

consistent with the purposes for which

such unit is established or expanded (16

U.S.C. 3197).

Subsection (b) of Section 1307 states

as follows: Notwithstanding provisions

of law other than those contained in

subsection (a), in selecting persons to

provide (and in the contracting of) any

type of visitor service for any

conservation system unit, except sport

fishing and hunting guiding activities,

the Secretary [of the Interior]—

(1) shall give preference to the Native

Corporation which the Secretary

determines is most directly affected by

the establishment or expansion of such

unit by or under the provisions of this

Act; and

(2) shall give preference to persons

whom he determines, by rule, are local

residents * * * (16 U.S.C. 3197).

Subsection (b) also provides to Cook

Inlet Region, Incorporated (CIRI), in

cooperation with Village Corporations

within the Cook Inlet Region when

appropriate, the right of first refusal to

provide new visitor services within the

Kenai National Moose Range, (Kenai

National Wildlife Refuge), within the

Cook Inlet Region.

The Alaska National Wildlife Refuge

System is managed by the U.S. Fish and

Wildlife Service under the National

Wildlife Refuge System Administration

Act (16 U.S.C. 668dd–668ee), Refuge

Recreation Act (16 U.S.C. 460k–4), and

the Alaska National Interest Lands

Conservation Act (ANILCA) (84 Stat.

2371 et seq.; codified as amended in

scattered sections of 16 U.S.C., 43

U.S.C., 48 U.S.C.).