Heat 

Pumps Furnaces

Individual 

Space 

Heaters

District 

Heat Boilers

Packaged 

Heating 

Units Other

All Buildings ............................................... 4,657 4,016 492 1,460 894 96 581 1,347 185

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 .............................................. 2,348 1,982 240 783 397 Q 146 589 98

5,001 to 10,000 ............................................ 1,110 946 100 387 183 Q 144 302 Q

10,001 to 25,000 .......................................... 708 629 81 206 191 19 128 253 22

25,001 to 50,000 .......................................... 257 237 37 47 62 17 72 101 14

50,001 to 100,000 ........................................ 145 137 20 25 35 13 52 62 8

100,001 to 200,000 ...................................... 59 57 8 9 18 7 24 27 3

200,001 to 500,000 ...................................... 23 22 3 3 6 3 11 10 2

Over 500,000 ............................................... 7 7 1 1 3 2 3 3 1

Principal Building Activity

Education .................................................... 327 326 47 48 46 30 106 139 Q

Food Sales .................................................. 174 149 Q 47 Q Q Q 65 Q

Food Service ............................................... 349 321 Q 95 48 Q Q 156 Q

Health Care ................................................. 127 127 26 53 8 3 16 39 Q

 Inpatient ..................................................... 11 11 1 Q 2 3 8 3 Q

 Outpatient .................................................. 116 116 Q 52 Q Q 8 36 Q

Lodging ........................................................ 153 150 28 26 53 13 39 34 Q

Mercantile .................................................... 667 626 53 221 116 Q 65 255 36

 Retail (Other Than Mall) ............................ 534 502 28 194 107 Q 60 173 Q

 Enclosed and Strip Malls ........................... 133 123 25 27 9 N 5 81 Q

Office ........................................................... 739 728 139 236 135 19 105 275 13

Public Assembly .......................................... 305 274 30 99 68 15 49 70 Q

Public Order and Safety .............................. 72 61 Q Q 22 3 30 11 Q

Religious Worship ....................................... 307 306 17 184 101 Q 51 78 Q

Service ........................................................ 478 421 37 189 122 Q 33 112 29

Warehouse and Storage ............................. 603 357 45 176 104 Q 41 76 Q

Other ............................................................ 102 84 Q 40 29 Q 6 24 Q

Vacant ......................................................... 253 84 Q 37 Q Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

1919 or Before ............................................. 419 350 6 163 79 19 100 40 Q

1920 to 1945 ................................................ 499 430 23 206 107 9 83 110 Q

1946 to 1959 ................................................ 763 666 95 251 180 21 121 157 33

1960 to 1969 ................................................ 665 557 39 191 110 16 98 213 19

1970 to 1979 ................................................ 774 691 102 205 172 Q 63 304 35

1980 to 1989 ................................................ 846 713 124 237 127 11 65 289 59

1990 to 1999 ................................................ 690 608 103 208 119 4 52 235 Q

Census Region

Northeast ..................................................... 686 601 24 222 119 31 189 135 22

Midwest ....................................................... 1,188 1,049 28 632 205 22 175 201 52

South ........................................................... 1,762 1,503 338 369 370 27 123 645 62

West ............................................................ 1,021 863 102 237 200 17 93 366 49

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ................................ 525 475 4 246 117 3 131 65 26

 5,500-7,000 HDD ...................................... 986 870 27 457 170 22 182 206 51

 4,000-5,499 HDD ...................................... 1,085 950 153 395 211 42 161 189 44

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .............................. 1,134 997 183 198 238 8 71 509 35

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .............................. 926 724 124 164 157 21 36 378 29

Table B32. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1999

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

All

Heated

Buildings

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 100
Heat 

Pumps Furnaces

Individual 

Space 

Heaters

District 

Heat Boilers

Packaged 

Heating 

Units Other

Table B32. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1999

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

All

Heated

Buildings

Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ................................................ 2,376 1,835 162 742 419 30 191 504 105

5 to 9 ............................................................ 807 773 73 370 188 14 108 204 25

10 to 19 ........................................................ 683 667 131 164 125 10 109 290 12

20 to 49 ........................................................ 487 456 81 141 86 12 83 210 18

50 to 99 ........................................................ 174 166 28 24 46 15 41 84 14

100 to 249 .................................................... 90 81 11 17 20 8 31 40 5

250 or More ................................................. 39 38 6 3 10 7 18 15 5

Weekly Operating Hours

39 or Fewer ................................................. 978 638 51 304 163 Q 76 156 Q

40 to 48 ........................................................ 1,156 1,068 171 420 256 35 122 329 30

49 to 60 ........................................................ 986 943 126 336 213 17 146 314 54

61 to 84 ........................................................ 664 598 46 234 96 16 104 212 16

85 to 167 ...................................................... 474 407 64 104 77 7 42 197 27

Open Continuously ...................................... 398 361 34 62 89 20 90 139 31

Multibuilding Facility Activity

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ........................................................ 3,295 2,876 314 1,176 654 18 383 933 135

College or University ................................... 70 69 Q Q Q 35 15 6 Q

Primary or Secondary School ...................... 224 211 35 23 31 Q 48 110 Q

Office Complex ............................................ 134 121 33 31 26 Q Q 38 3

Retail Complex ............................................ 181 156 20 45 20 Q Q 82 Q

Religious Campus or Complex .................... 186 184 Q 76 54 Q 27 64 Q

Health Care Complex .................................. 72 65 21 Q Q 7 12 26 Q

Government Complex ................................. 61 50 Q Q 15 Q 8 7 Q

Other ............................................................ 434 284 32 97 74 5 51 81 18

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity ..................................................... 4,395 4,008 492 1,460 886 96 581 1,347 185

Natural Gas ................................................. 2,670 2,588 194 1,104 581 41 416 939 71

Fuel Oil ........................................................ 434 432 38 172 115 7 170 40 39

District Heat ................................................. 117 116 Q Q 12 96 Q Q 1

District Chilled Water ................................... 50 49 3 Q 9 39 3 Q 1

Propane ....................................................... 451 434 36 161 117 Q 87 120 28

Other ............................................................ 153 149 Q 46 39 Q 29 31 53

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity ..................................................... 1,880 1,880 475 512 584 26 193 744 110

Natural Gas ................................................. 2,380 2,380 144 1,077 543 Q 381 865 67

Fuel Oil ........................................................ 377 377 Q 166 100 Q 152 17 34

District Heat ................................................. 96 96 4 Q 7 96 Q Q 1

Propane ....................................................... 307 307 12 128 104 Q 41 81 19

Other ............................................................ 94 94 Q Q 27 Q 12 Q 52

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity ..................................................... 1,128 1,128 373 192 213 Q 40 494 62

Natural Gas ................................................. 2,189 2,189 97 1,017 498 2 364 758 60

Fuel Oil ........................................................ 302 302 Q 119 79 Q 136 Q Q

District Heat ................................................. 77 77 3 Q 5 77 Q 4 Q

Propane ....................................................... 282 282 Q 115 91 N Q 74 Q

Other ............................................................ 38 38 Q Q Q N Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 101
Heat 

Pumps Furnaces

Individual 

Space 

Heaters

District 

Heat Boilers

Packaged 

Heating 

Units Other

Table B32. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1999

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

All

Heated

Buildings

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ...................... 4,016 4,016 492 1,460 894 96 581 1,347 185

Buildings with Cooling ................................. 3,560 3,400 478 1,193 670 77 474 1,304 143

Buildings with Water Heating ...................... 3,239 3,087 383 1,094 637 80 517 1,118 126

Buildings with Cooking ................................ 857 798 101 214 172 21 182 340 33

Buildings with Manufacturing ....................... 151 143 Q 57 56 Q 8 46 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation .................................................. 172 169 30 27 45 9 77 57 9

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated .................................................. 641 N N N N N N N N

1 to 50 .......................................................... 576 576 53 236 137 Q 54 129 53

51 to 99 ........................................................ 627 627 70 271 150 16 66 232 13

100 ............................................................... 2,813 2,813 369 953 607 80 460 986 118

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ................................................. 492 492 492 76 78 4 38 78 19

Furnaces ...................................................... 1,460 1,460 76 1,460 271 Q 52 108 8

Individual Space Heaters ............................ 894 894 78 271 894 7 115 207 28

District Heat ................................................. 96 96 4 Q 7 96 Q Q 1

Boilers ......................................................... 581 581 38 52 115 Q 581 56 8

Packaged Heating Units .............................. 1,347 1,347 78 108 207 Q 56 1,347 15

Other ............................................................ 185 185 19 8 28 1 8 15 185

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .......................................... 676 645 46 508 104 3 58 75 38

Heat Pumps ................................................. 485 481 447 76 89 4 39 84 22

Individual Air Conditioners ........................... 799 771 84 262 294 16 211 167 47

District Chilled Water ................................... 50 49 3 Q 9 39 3 Q 1

Central Chillers ............................................ 130 126 12 12 26 15 96 26 8

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ........................................................... 1,953 1,859 130 470 327 35 223 1,219 49

Swamp Coolers ........................................... 136 126 9 72 47 Q 18 48 Q

Other ............................................................ 49 48 Q 12 4 Q 14 4 Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1995 (more than one may apply)

Heating ........................................................ 984 984 130 347 231 Q 97 381 27

Cooling ........................................................ 1,085 1,014 172 374 215 10 128 397 18

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ................................... 2,130 2,047 295 830 404 45 354 602 95

Tinted, Reflective, or

 Shading Glass ............................................ 1,283 1,225 167 364 227 35 176 576 54

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ....................... 550 516 77 129 76 24 125 221 19

Economizer Cycle ........................................ 567 559 58 88 79 32 112 334 27

HVAC Maintenance ..................................... 2,786 2,704 370 954 483 93 497 1,065 88

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ............................. 460 452 48 64 68 48 116 241 25

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 102
Heat 

Pumps Furnaces

Individual 

Space 

Heaters

District 

Heat Boilers

Packaged 

Heating 

Units Other

Table B32. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1999

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

All

Heated

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

Heating ........................................................ 2,862 2,862 367 1,104 622 70 410 954 96

Cooling ........................................................ 2,622 2,519 338 930 502 58 363 969 79

Lighting ........................................................ 3,675 3,448 435 1,333 748 72 478 1,154 133

Office Equipment ......................................... 184 181 25 40 38 9 69 73 7

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption 

Survey.

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 103