[Cite as In re C.W., 2014-Ohio-3284.]

COURT OF APPEALS 

COSHOCTON COUNTY, OHIO 

FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT 

IN THE MATTER OF 

 

 C. W. 

 AN ADJUDICATED 

 DEPENDENT CHILD 

 

JUDGES: 

Hon. William B. Hoffman, P. J. 

Hon. Sheila G. Farmer, J. 

Hon. John W. Wise, J. 

Case No. 2013 CA 0027 

O P I N I O N 

CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Civil Appeal from the Court of Common 

Pleas, Juvenile Division, Case No. 

21330008 

JUDGMENT: Affirmed 

DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: July 24, 2014 

APPEARANCES: 

For Appellant For Guardian Ad Litem 

JEFFERY A. MULLEN JEANETTE MOLL 

239 North Fourth Street 803 Market Street 

Coshocton, Ohio 43812 Zanesville, Ohio 43701 

 For Appellee JFS 

 

 BENJAMIN HALL 

 ASSISTANT PROSECUTOR 

 318 Chestnut Street 

 Coshocton, Ohio 43812 
[Cite as In re C.W., 2014-Ohio-3284.]

Wise, J. 

{¶1}. Appellant Timothy Wagner appeals the decision of the Coshocton County 

Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Division, which granted permanent custody of his 

son, C.W., born in 2001, to Appellee Coshocton County Department of Job and Family 

Services (“CCJFS”). The relevant facts leading to this appeal are as follows. 

{¶2}. The present action has its origins in a case from Muskingum County 

involving C.W. and his half-sibling, I.O., and another child in the home, C.C. Appellant 

is the father of C.W. and I.O. 

{¶3}. On July 31, 2009, Muskingum County Children's Services filed a complaint 

in the Muskingum County Juvenile Court, alleging that C.W. and I.O. were neglected 

and dependent. The complaint further alleged that C.C., another child living in the 

home, was neglected and dependent. The children resided at the time with appellant 

and Melinda Overly, the biological mother of C.C. and I.O. The allegations in the 

Muskingum County case were that Appellant and Melinda had brought C.C. to the 

emergency room twice in late July 2009, at which time testing revealed the presence of 

the opiate drug benzodiazepine in his system. 

{¶4}. Appellant and Melinda appeared to be under the influence at the hospital. 

Both tested positive for marijuana at that time. Appellant and Melinda were both 

arrested at the hospital and charged with child endangerment. C.W., I.O., and C.C. 

were ordered into agency custody and temporarily placed in foster care. Appellant 

subsequently pled guilty to disorderly conduct. 

{¶5}. Due to the lack of complete adjudication and disposition within the ninetyday statutory time limitation, the complaint of July 31, 2009, was dismissed, and new 
Coshocton County, Case No. 2013 CA 0027 3 

complaints were filed in Muskingum County on or about October 7, 2009. The matter 

proceeded to adjudication and disposition on December 21, 2009. The court found all 

three children to be dependent and neglected. The court placed the children in the 

temporary custody of Melinda's aunt, Beth Postel, with protective supervision to MCCS. 

{¶6}. Appellant appealed the adjudication and disposition to this Court. On 

September 23, 2010, we affirmed the decision of the Muskingum County Juvenile Court, 

except that as to C.W. and I.O. the finding of neglect, but not dependency, was 

overturned. See In re C.W., 5th Dist. Muskingum No. CT2010–0002, 2010-Ohio-4624. 

{¶7}. On or about May 18, 2012, the Coshocton County Court of Common 

Pleas, Juvenile Division, accepted jurisdiction of the case. 

{¶8}. On October 31, 2012, Coshocton County Job and Family Services 

("CCJFS") filed a complaint alleging dependency regarding C.W. The case was 

subsequently dismissed and re-filed as number 21330008. On March 8, 2013, the 

guardian ad litem filed a motion requesting permanent custody to CCJFS. The agency 

did not oppose the motion. 

{¶9}. In the meantime, on April 24 and May 2, 2013, an evidentiary hearing was 

conducted on the complaint, following which C.W. was found to be dependent. 

{¶10}. An evidentiary hearing on the permanent custody motion took place on 

August 21 and 28, 2013. Evidence was adduced, inter alia, that appellant has 

repeatedly engaged in hostile and agitated behaviors in dealing with the various case 

workers and professionals involved in C.W.'s case. In many instances, appellant would 

engage in angry outbursts and leave meetings before any progress could be made on 

the case plan. Appellant has admitted to needing treatment for his mental health issues, 
Coshocton County, Case No. 2013 CA 0027 4 

and has been on daily medications of Abilify, Klonopin, Depakote, and Trazadone. 

However, appellant failed to sufficiently attend the sessions needed to complete his 

mental health assessment in early 2013, and during one period in 2010 he attended just 

six of fifteen scheduled visits with C.W., following which the visitations decreased 

further. Appellant also has had issues of marijuana and cocaine usage, and was unable 

to document employment or receipt of governmental assistance during the majority of 

the case. He further failed to complete parenting classes under the case plan. 

{¶11}. Via judgment entry filed October 9, 2013, the trial court granted permanent 

custody of C.W. to CCJFS. 

{¶12}. Appellant filed a notice of appeal on November 8, 2013. Although this 

Court at one point dismissed the appeal for want of prosecution, we reinstated same via 

an order dated March 26, 2014. 

{¶13}. Appellant herein raises the following sole Assignment of Error: 

{¶14}. “I. THE DECISION IS NOT SUPPORTED BY CLEAR AND CONVINCING 

EVIDENCE.” 

I. 

{¶15}. In his sole Assignment of Error, appellant-father challenges the trial court's 

grant of permanent custody of C.W. to CCJFS. 

{¶16}. As an appellate court, we are not fact finders; we neither weigh the 

evidence nor judge the credibility of witnesses. Our role is to determine whether there is 

relevant, competent and credible evidence upon which the fact finder could base his or 

her judgment. Cross Truck v. Jeffries (Feb. 10, 1982), Stark App.No. CA–5758. 

Accordingly, judgments supported by some competent, credible evidence going to all 
Coshocton County, Case No. 2013 CA 0027 5 

the essential elements of the case will not be reversed as being against the manifest 

weight of the evidence. C.E. Morris Co. v. Foley Construction (1978), 54 Ohio St.2d 

279, 376 N.E.2d 578. Furthermore, it is well-established that the trial court is in the best 

position to determine the credibility of witnesses. See, e.g., In re Brown, Summit 

App.No. 21004, 2002–Ohio–3405, ¶ 9, citing State v. DeHass (1967), 10 Ohio St.2d 

230, 227 N.E.2d 212. 

{¶17}. R.C. 2151.414(B)(1), as written at the times pertinent to this case, states 

as follows: 

{¶18}. "Except as provided in division (B)(2) of this section, the court may grant 

permanent custody of a child to a movant if the court determines at the hearing held 

pursuant to division (A) of this section, by clear and convincing evidence, that it is in the 

best interest of the child to grant permanent custody of the child to the agency that filed 

the motion for permanent custody and that any of the following apply: 

{¶19}. "(a) The child is not abandoned or orphaned, has not been in the 

temporary custody of one or more public children services agencies or private child 

placing agencies for twelve or more months of a consecutive twenty-two-month period, 

or has not been in the temporary custody of one or more public children services 

agencies or private child placing agencies for twelve or more months of a consecutive 

twenty-two-month period if, as described in division (D)(1) of section 2151.413 of the 

Revised Code, the child was previously in the temporary custody of an equivalent 

agency in another state, and the child cannot be placed with either of the child's parents 

within a reasonable time or should not be placed with the child's parents. 
Coshocton County, Case No. 2013 CA 0027 6 

{¶20}. "(b) The child is abandoned. 

{¶21}. "(c) The child is orphaned, and there are no relatives of the child who are 

able to take permanent custody. 

{¶22}. "(d) The child has been in the temporary custody of one or more public 

children services agencies or private child placing agencies for twelve or more months 

of a consecutive twenty-two-month period, or the child has been in the temporary 

custody of one or more public children services agencies or private child placing 

agencies for twelve or more months of a consecutive twenty-two-month period and, as 

described in division (D)(1) of section 2151.413 of the Revised Code, the child was 

previously in the temporary custody of an equivalent agency in another state." 

{¶23}. In determining whether a child cannot be placed with either parent within a 

reasonable period of time or should not be placed with the parents (see R.C. 

2151.414(B)(1)(a), supra), a trial court is to consider the existence of one or more 

factors under R.C. 2151.414(E). 

{¶24}. In the case sub judice, the trial court relied on both R.C. 2151.414(B)(1)(a) 

and R.C. 2151.414(B)(1)(b) in its determination. See Judgment Entry, October 9, 2013, 

at 8, 9. We note a trial court's finding of abandonment under R.C. 2151.414(B)(1)(b) will 

satisfy the first prong of the permanent custody test, allowing the court to move on to 

the second prong of considering whether the grant of permanent custody to the agency 

is in the best interest of the child. See In re Cravens, 3rd Dist. Defiance No. 4–03–48, 

2004–Ohio–2356, ¶ 25. 

{¶25}. R.C. 2151.011(C) sets forth the following “presumptive abandonment” 

rule: “For the purposes of this chapter, a child shall be presumed abandoned when the 
Coshocton County, Case No. 2013 CA 0027 7 

parents of the child have failed to visit or maintain contact with the child for more than 

ninety days, regardless of whether the parents resume contact with the child after that 

period of ninety days.” We have held that there must be a showing that a parent has 

failed to visit or maintain contact with the child for a period of ninety days before an 

agency moves for permanent custody on “presumed abandonment” grounds. See In re 

Scullion, Stark App. No. 2006CA00308, 2007–Ohio–929, ¶ 30. 

{¶26}. In the case sub judice, appellant does not deny in his brief that he did not 

contact C.W. in any manner for periods of ninety days or more, other than to make 

vague allegations that CCDFS was at fault for the lack of contact. C.W.'s mother, 

Shawna McCloy, failed to appear for the permanent custody hearing, and apparently 

has had little involvement in the case plan. Accordingly, although the trial court in the 

case sub judice made the effort to render a decision under R.C. 2151.414(B)(1)(a) as 

well, we find no reversible error in the court's finding of abandonment under R.C. 

2151.414(B)(1)(b), and the court's decision in regard to said grounds for permanent 

custody was not against the manifest weight of the evidence. 

{¶27}. In the interest of judicial economy, we will thus proceed to the issue of 

best interest. 

{¶28}. In determining the best interest of a child for purposes of permanent 

custody disposition, the trial court is required to consider the factors contained in R.C. 

2151.414(D)(1). These factors are as follows: 

{¶29}. “(a) The interaction and interrelationship of the child with the child's 

parents, siblings, relatives, foster care givers and out-of-home providers, and any other 

person who may significantly affect the child; 
Coshocton County, Case No. 2013 CA 0027 8 

{¶30}. “(b) The wishes of the child, as expressed directly by the child or through 

the child's guardian ad litem, with due regard for the maturity of the child; 

{¶31}. “(c) The custodial history of the child, including whether the child has been 

in the temporary custody of one or more public children services agencies or private 

child placing agencies for twelve or more months of a consecutive twenty-two month 

period * * *; 

{¶32}. “(d) The child's need for a legally secure permanent placement and 

whether that type of placement can be achieved without a grant of permanent custody 

to the agency; 

{¶33}. “(e) Whether any of the factors in divisions (E)(7) to (11) of this section 

apply in relation to the parents and child.” 

{¶34}. It is well-established that “[t]he discretion which the juvenile court enjoys in 

determining whether an order of permanent custody is in the best interest of a child 

should be accorded the utmost respect, given the nature of the proceeding and the 

impact the court's determination will have on the lives of the parties concerned.” In re 

Mauzy Children (Nov. 13, 2000), Stark App.No. 2000CA00244, quoting In re Awkal

(1994), 95 Ohio App.3d 309, 316, 642 N.E.2d 424. 

{¶35}. The trial court in the case sub judice reviewed the evidence and 

determined that C.W. is integrated and bonded with his foster family, and he has no 

significant relationship with anyone in his biological family. The court also had before it 

the testimony of Dr. Gary Wolfgang, who opined that a parent-child relationship 

between appellant and C.W., described as "a very frightened child," would be "fraught 

with difficulty," based on what was gleaned from the uncompleted assessments. Tr. at 
Coshocton County, Case No. 2013 CA 0027 9 

108. Appellant has demonstrated a long-term tendency toward excessive dysfunctional 

anger, with little hope for improvement. The court further found that C.W. has expressed 

via the guardian ad litem that he wishes to stay with his foster family, having 

experienced seven placements in the prior four years. Again, the trial court referenced 

that the child had been abandoned by both parents. See R.C. 2151.414(D)(1)(e) and 

(E)(10). 

{¶36}. Accordingly, upon review of the record and the findings and conclusions 

therein, we conclude the trial court's judgment granting permanent custody of C.W. to 

CCJFS was made in the consideration of the child's best interest and did not constitute 

an error or an abuse of discretion under the circumstances presented. 

{¶37}. Appellant's sole Assignment of Error is overruled. 

{¶38}. For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the Court of Common Pleas, 

Juvenile Division, Coshocton County, Ohio, is hereby affirmed.