Released: October 2017

Next MECS will be fielded in 2019

Table 10.23 Reasons that Made HGL (excluding natural gasoline) Unswitchable, 2014;

 Level: National Data;

 Row: NAICS Codes;

 Column: Reasons that Made Quantity Unswitchable;

 Unit: Million Barrels.

Total Amount of 

Total Amount of HGL Unswitchable HGL Equipment is Not Switching Unavailable Long-Term Unavailable

NAICS (excluding natural gasoline) (excluding natural Capable of Using Adversely Affects Alternative Environmental Contract Storage for Another Combinations of Don't Know/

Code(a) Subsector and Industry Consumed as Fuel gasoline) Fuel Use Another Fuel the Products Fuel Supply Restrictions(b) in Place(c) Alternative Fuels(d) Reason Cols. F, G, H, I, J, and K Didn't Answer

Total United States

311 Food 1 1 1 * * * * * * * *

 3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling * * * * 0 * 0 * * 0 *

 311221 Wet Corn Milling * * * * 0 0 0 0 * 0 *

 31131 Sugar Manufacturing * * * 0 0 * 0 0 * 0 *

 3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food * * * 0 * * * * * * *

 3115 Dairy Product * * * 0 * 0 * * * * *

 3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing * * * 0 * 0 0 0 * 0 *

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products * * * * * 0 0 * * * *

 3121 Beverages * * * * * 0 0 * * * *

 3122 Tobacco * * * 0 * 0 0 0 * 0 *

313 Textile Mills * * * * 0 0 0 * * * *

314 Textile Product Mills * * * * * 0 0 0 * * *

315 Apparel * * * 0 0 0 0 0 * 0 *

316 Leather and Allied Products * * * * * 0 0 0 * * *

321 Wood Products 1 1 1 * * * * * * * *

 321113 Sawmills * * * * * * * 0 * * *

 3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods * * * * 0 * 0 * * * *

 321219 Reconstituted Wood Products * * * 0 0 0 0 0 * * *

 3219 Other Wood Products 1 * * * * * * * * * *

322 Paper 1 1 1 * * * * * * * *

 322110 Pulp Mills * * * 0 0 0 0 * 0 0 *

 322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint * * * * 0 0 0 0 * * *

 322122 Newsprint Mills * * * * 0 0 0 0 0 * 0

 322130 Paperboard Mills * * * * * * 0 0 * 0 *

323 Printing and Related Support * * * * 0 * 0 * * * *

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 10 8 2 4 * * * * * 1 1

 324110 Petroleum Refineries 10 8 2 4 * 0 0 0 * 1 1

 324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block * * * * * * * 0 * 0 *

 324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials * * * * 0 * * * * * *

 324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products * * * 0 0 0 * 0 * 0 *

325 Chemicals 1 1 1 * * * * * * * *

 325110 Petrochemicals * * * 0 * 0 0 0 * 0 *

 325120 Industrial Gases * * * 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 *

 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals * * * * * * 0 0 * 0 *

 325193 Ethyl Alcohol * * * 0 0 0 0 0 * 0 0

 325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals * * * 0 0 0 0 0 * 0 *

 325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals * * * * 0 0 0 0 * * *

 325211 Plastics Materials and Resins * * * 0 * 0 * * * * *

 325212 Synthetic Rubber * * * * 0 * 0 * * 0 *

 325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments * * * 0 * 0 0 0 * 0 *

 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers * * * 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 *

 325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers * * * 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

 3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines * * * 0 0 0 0 * * 0 *

 325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation * * * 0 0 0 0 0 * 0 *

 325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals * * * 0 0 * 0 0 * * *

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 1 1 1 * * * * 0 * * *

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 1 1 * * * * * * * * *

 327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories * * * * * * 0 * * * *

 327211 Flat Glass * * * * * 0 0 0 * 0 0

 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware * * * * 0 0 0 * * * *

 327213 Glass Containers * * * * 0 0 0 * 0 * 0

 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass * * * * * 0 * * * * *

 327310 Cements * * * 0 * 0 0 0 0 * *

 327410 Lime * * * 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 *

 327420 Gypsum * * * 0 * * 0 0 * 0 *

 327993 Mineral Wool * * * * 0 * 0 0 * 0 0

331 Primary Metals 1 1 * * * * * * * * *

 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys * * * * 0 * * * * * *

 3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel * * * * 0 * * 0 * * *

 3313 Alumina and Aluminum * * * * * * 0 0 * * *

 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum * * * * 0 0 0 0 0 0 *

 331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils * * * 0 0 * 0 0 * 0 *

 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding * * * * * * 0 0 * * *

 3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum * * * * * * * * * * *

 331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining * * * 0 0 0 0 * * * *

 3315 Foundries * * * * * * * * * * *

 331511 Iron Foundries * * * * * 0 0 * * * *

 331523 Nonferrous Metal Die-Casting Foundries * * * 0 * * * 0 * * *

 331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die-Casting * * * * * * * 0 * * *

332 Fabricated Metal Products 2 1 1 * * * * 0 * 0 *

333 Machinery 1 1 * * * * * * * * *

334 Computer and Electronic Products * * * * 0 * 0 * * * *

 334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices * * * * 0 0 0 0 * 0 *

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components * * * 0 * * 0 * * * 0

336 Transportation Equipment 1 1 1 * 0 * * * * * *

 336111 Automobiles * * * 0 0 * 0 0 * 0 0

 336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles * * * 0 0 0 0 * * * *

 3364 Aerospace Product and Parts * * * * 0 0 * 0 * * *

 336411 Aircraft * * * 0 0 0 * 0 * * 0

337 Furniture and Related Products * * * * * * 0 0 * * *

339 Miscellaneous * * * * 0 0 0 * * * *

Total 22 17 9 4 1 * * * 1 1 2

 * Estimate less than 0.5.

Non Switchable Amount Attributed to:

 (a) The Bureau of the Census classifies establishments using the 2012 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

 (b) The environmental resrictions related to air quality that limit the amount of the usable alternative fuel that could be used instead. 

 (c) Long-term contracts are typically with a utility or third-party supplier such as an energy broker and requires the purchase of a fuel for an extended amount of time. 

 (d) The storage of usable alternative fuels is not available due to the potential environmental impact of storage tanks.
 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA-846, '2014 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey.' 

 W=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.

 Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error is greater than 50 percent.

 NA=Not available.

 Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. 
Released: October 2017

Next MECS will be fielded in 2019

RSE Table 10.23 Relative Standard Errors for Table 10.23;

 Unit: Percents.

Total Amount of 

Total Amount of HGL Unswitchable HGL Equipment is Not Switching Unavailable Long-Term Unavailable

NAICS (excluding natural gasoline) (excluding natural Capable of Using Adversely Affects Alternative Environmental Contract Storage for Another Combinations of Don't Know/

Code(a) Subsector and Industry Consumed as Fuel gasoline) Fuel Use Another Fuel the Products Fuel Supply Restrictions(c) in Place(d) Alternative Fuels(e) Reason Cols. F, G, H, I, J, and K Didn't Answer

Total United States

311 Food 12.2 13.9 11.9 0.1 75.2 26.6 14.9 26.3 52.6 96.1 57.7

 3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 31.2 18.1 20.8 0.1 X 36.8 X 22.7 41.6 X 9.6

 311221 Wet Corn Milling 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X X X 0.0 X 0.0

 31131 Sugar Manufacturing 0.1 0.1 0.1 X X 0.1 X X 0.1 X 0.1

 3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 31.3 36.6 22.6 X 0.1 44.8 15.0 49.5 37.9 96.9 35.8

 3115 Dairy Product 20.3 24.1 8.2 X 11.0 X 33.3 22.0 84.8 77.0 0.1

 3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 17.7 19.7 20.6 X 77.3 X X X 27.2 X 11.9

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 10.3 9.9 13.2 85.1 96.6 X X 82.3 44.8 55.7 15.7

 3121 Beverages 11.0 10.8 14.9 85.1 96.7 X X 82.3 44.9 55.7 16.0

 3122 Tobacco 0.1 0.1 0.1 X 0.1 X X X 0.1 X 0.1

313 Textile Mills 10.9 9.2 8.5 58.2 X X X 80.7 36.3 94.9 2.3

314 Textile Product Mills 50.0 58.8 34.2 99.0 89.1 X X X 29.2 92.1 18.3

315 Apparel 56.8 69.1 70.2 X X X X X 96.0 X 0.1

316 Leather and Allied Products 8.8 7.4 3.6 89.5 57.9 X X X 62.6 46.4 50.2

321 Wood Products 8.9 8.9 8.6 65.3 35.1 34.8 82.6 64.3 41.8 58.0 40.0

 321113 Sawmills 11.0 1.9 2.0 0.8 0.1 0.1 11.5 X 5.5 64.1 28.5

 3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 5.1 5.4 5.5 0.1 X 19.8 X 88.2 2.6 66.6 16.8

 321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 11.1 12.4 12.7 X X X X X 0.1 76.8 0.1

 3219 Other Wood Products 15.1 16.7 18.3 67.8 47.3 91.5 88.9 75.2 64.1 88.0 48.7

322 Paper 9.0 7.2 8.0 0.1 91.6 77.2 64.8 78.4 18.3 91.2 36.4

 322110 Pulp Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X X X 0.0 X X 0.0

 322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 X X X X 0.1 0.1 0.1

 322122 Newsprint Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X X X X 0.0 X

 322130 Paperboard Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 X 0.0

323 Printing and Related Support 33.8 38.1 46.6 72.4 X 64.1 X 80.6 25.1 68.7 84.4

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

 324110 Petroleum Refineries 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 X X X 0.1 0.1 0.1

 324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 6.0 9.9 13.0 25.5 0.1 0.1 0.8 X 31.4 X 17.3

 324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 19.7 21.6 27.6 40.8 X 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1

 324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X X 0.0 X 0.0 X 0.0

325 Chemicals 6.5 7.0 7.2 67.4 0.1 0.1 61.6 0.1 15.6 53.6 38.2

 325110 Petrochemicals 0.3 0.3 0.4 X 0.1 X X X 0.1 X 0.1

 325120 Industrial Gases 50.2 56.4 25.9 X X X X X X X 79.6

 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 14.5 19.5 23.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 X X 56.6 X 0.1

 325193 Ethyl Alcohol 8.6 9.2 9.9 X X X X X 1.4 X X

 325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X X X X 0.0 X 0.0

 325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 18.8 10.4 9.9 74.2 X X X X 74.9 0.1 8.1

 325211 Plastics Materials and Resins 4.4 4.6 4.8 X 0.1 X 19.9 0.1 11.1 14.6 22.3

 325212 Synthetic Rubber 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 X 0.0

 325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 0.0 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 X X X 0.0 X 0.0

 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 0.7 0.8 7.7 X X X X X X X 0.1

 325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X X X X X X X

 3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 23.2 20.1 3.5 X X X X 0.1 83.4 X 31.6

 325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 25.5 33.9 7.1 X X X X X 83.8 X 31.6

 325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 39.7 41.0 0.1 X X 0.1 X X 0.1 0.1 58.5

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 16.1 19.0 23.9 87.8 99.0 70.6 99.0 X 46.4 85.4 34.6

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 14.9 15.8 18.6 43.3 87.0 36.6 67.2 0.8 22.5 0.1 58.0

 327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 4.7 5.5 6.5 0.1 11.7 2.0 X 0.1 23.2 0.1 56.5

 327211 Flat Glass 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X X 0.0 X X

 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.1 X X X 8.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

 327213 Glass Containers 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X X 0.0 X 0.0 X

 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 11.6 13.8 19.4 0.2 0.1 X 0.1 0.1 47.7 0.1 2.5

 327310 Cements 1.2 1.2 0.1 X 0.1 X X X X 0.1 22.0

 327410 Lime 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X X X X X X 0.0

 327420 Gypsum 1.4 1.4 1.6 X 0.1 0.1 X X 0.1 X 0.1

 327993 Mineral Wool 3.8 0.6 0.8 0.1 X 0.1 X X 0.1 X X

331 Primary Metals 2.5 2.5 3.1 17.1 6.5 16.3 27.2 21.1 8.9 7.7 2.1

 331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.1 X 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

 3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 13.8 9.3 13.0 12.8 X 0.1 0.1 X 11.8 44.0 30.4

 3313 Alumina and Aluminum 1.2 0.9 2.1 0.1 0.1 21.6 X X 0.1 22.2 0.1

 331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 X X X X X X 0.1

 331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 5.4 0.1 0.1 X X 0.1 X X 0.1 X 0.1

 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 2.5 3.0 4.1 0.1 0.1 49.2 X X 0.1 22.2 0.1

 3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 4.1 4.6 7.2 5.3 5.8 78.2 61.3 0.1 17.9 12.0 11.5

 331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 4.1 5.6 0.1 X X X X 0.0 0.1 20.9 0.0

 3315 Foundries 4.9 5.6 4.9 34.3 49.8 0.1 10.3 47.7 35.9 10.8 15.1

 331511 Iron Foundries 3.6 3.7 3.9 46.4 31.4 X X 47.7 0.1 0.1 0.1

 331523 Nonferrous Metal Die-Casting Foundries 9.5 11.3 13.7 X 58.2 0.1 0.1 X 34.2 12.7 24.0

 331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die-Casting 4.4 5.9 9.3 21.4 0.1 0.1 10.8 X 39.9 0.1 0.1

332 Fabricated Metal Products 19.6 21.2 24.9 50.7 97.5 99.5 87.4 X 54.2 X 50.5

333 Machinery 29.8 37.5 58.1 52.6 85.4 89.3 93.8 99.0 62.5 72.3 43.5

334 Computer and Electronic Products 29.3 34.2 42.6 61.4 X 89.0 X 99.0 71.7 66.3 93.1

 334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 4.8 6.7 8.2 0.1 X X X X 0.1 X 0.1

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 50.0 31.8 35.3 X 87.1 17.8 X 97.6 54.1 11.2 X

336 Transportation Equipment 16.3 19.0 22.5 44.5 X 68.9 93.9 0.1 28.6 77.8 47.4

 336111 Automobiles 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 X X 0.0 X X

 336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X X X 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

 3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 14.2 16.9 20.4 53.0 X X 0.1 X 6.9 14.3 3.2

 336411 Aircraft 3.2 3.1 3.2 X X X 0.1 X 50.8 0.1 X

337 Furniture and Related Products 27.2 30.9 38.1 82.9 99.0 99.0 X X 47.0 99.0 53.2

339 Miscellaneous 49.3 47.3 54.1 99.0 X X X 99.0 65.6 66.8 92.8

Total 2.8 2.9 5.2 1.1 11.3 29.1 40.6 29.9 11.0 9.8 4.7

 * Estimate less than 0.5.

 W=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.

 Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error is greater than 50 percent.

 NA=Not available.

 X=Not defined because RSE corresponds to a value of zero.

Non Switchable Amount Attributed to:

 (a) The Bureau of the Census classifies establishments using the 2012 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

 (b) The environmental resrictions related to air quality that limit the amount of the usable alternative fuel that could be used instead. 

 (c) Long-term contracts are typically with a utility or third-party supplier such as an energy broker and requires the purchase of a fuel for an extended amount of time. 

 (d) The storage of usable alternative fuels is not available due to the potential environmental impact of storage tanks.
 -- Estimation is not applicable. Energy source is not included in series.

 Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. 

 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA-846, '2014 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey.'