Data release date: March 2023

Number of 

housing units 

(million)

Total mobile 

homesa Totalb Heatedc Cooledc Totalb Heated Cooled

All homes 6.83 1,214 1,140 907 500 470 374

Census region and division

Northeast 0.50 1,081 1,056 572 471 460 249

New England 0.14 1,150 1,150 493 575 575 247

Middle Atlantic 0.36 1,054 1,020 603 437 422 250

Midwest 0.97 1,171 1,151 881 531 521 399

East North Central 0.63 1,114 1,097 825 519 512 385

West North Central 0.35 1,275 1,247 980 549 537 422

South 3.89 1,257 1,169 1,011 494 459 397

South Atlantic 2.00 1,211 1,126 961 514 477 407

East South Central 0.77 1,344 1,262 1,059 516 484 406

West South Central 1.12 1,280 1,180 1,067 451 415 376

West 1.47 1,173 1,086 766 510 472 333

Mountain 0.67 1,146 1,081 816 522 493 372

Mountain North 0.24 1,160 1,160 687 542 542 321

Mountain South 0.43 1,138 1,036 889 511 466 400

Pacific 0.80 1,196 1,089 724 500 456 303

Census urban/rural classificationd

Urban 3.31 1,117 1,029 849 452 417 344

Urbanized area 2.53 1,111 1,010 836 448 407 337

Urban cluster 0.77 1,136 1,093 894 467 449 367

Rural 3.52 1,306 1,244 962 547 521 403

Climate regione

Very cold/Cold 1.52 1,158 1,147 735 532 527 338

Mixed-humid 2.35 1,272 1,212 980 489 466 377

Mixed-dry/Hot-dry 0.83 1,133 1,017 901 476 428 379

Hot-humid 1.80 1,215 1,097 1,022 490 442 412

Marine 0.34 1,260 1,136 583 574 518 265

Year of construction

Before 1950 0.09 1,008 947 510 392 368 Q

1950 to 1959 0.16 912 853 569 433 405 270

1960 to 1969 0.37 933 879 565 526 496 319

1970 to 1979 1.34 1,042 981 685 445 419 293

1980 to 1989 1.33 1,137 1,059 805 460 428 326

1990 to 1999 1.92 1,315 1,227 986 539 503 404

2000 to 2009 0.98 1,435 1,356 1,233 531 502 456

2010 to 2015 0.32 1,417 1,392 1,270 560 550 502

2016 to 2020 0.31 1,316 1,217 1,123 534 494 456

Fuels used for any use (more than one 

may apply)

Electricity 6.83 1,214 1,140 907 500 470 374

Natural gas 2.30 1,135 1,067 825 469 441 341

Propanef 1.31 1,185 1,104 804 543 506 368

Wood 0.63 1,473 1,463 1,018 609 604 421

Fuel oil or kerosene 0.28 1,137 1,085 533 438 418 205

Distributed solar generation

Yes 0.10 1,282 939 942 350 Q 257

No 6.73 1,213 1,143 907 504 475 377

Not asked (apartments) N N N N N N N

Table HC10.16 Average square footage of mobile homes, 2020

Average square footage 

per housing unit

Average square footage 

per household member
Number of 

housing units 

(million)

Total mobile 

homesa Totalb Heatedc Cooledc Totalb Heated Cooled

All homes 6.83 1,214 1,140 907 500 470 374

Table HC10.16 Average square footage of mobile homes, 2020

Average square footage 

per housing unit

Average square footage 

per household member

Main space heating fuel

Natural gas 1.60 1,155 1,155 870 518 518 390

Electricity 3.87 1,263 1,194 992 503 476 395

Fuel oil or kerosene 0.23 1,102 1,102 471 494 494 211

Propane 0.69 1,168 1,168 851 513 513 374

Wood 0.22 1,164 1,164 546 549 549 257

Some other fuelg Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Does not use heating equipment 0.22 1,096 0 710 322 0 208

Air-conditioning equipment

Uses air-conditioning equipment 6.07 1,212 1,145 1,022 497 469 419

Does not use air-conditioning 

equipment 0.76 1,229 1,103 0 531 476 0

Fuel used by main water heater

Natural gas 1.28 1,137 1,076 823 475 449 344

Electricity 5.17 1,236 1,164 940 506 476 385

Propane 0.36 1,185 1,083 740 618 565 386

Fuel oil or kerosene Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Some other fuelg Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Indoor light bulbs used at least 4 

hours a day

0 to 2 2.99 1,147 1,067 834 506 471 368

3 to 5 1.91 1,220 1,162 926 503 479 382

6 to 9 1.21 1,286 1,169 970 503 457 379

10 to 19 0.58 1,375 1,359 1,077 474 469 372

20 or more 0.14 1,291 1,232 974 470 449 355

Total number of rooms (excluding 

bathrooms)

1 or 2 0.11 513 385 393 215 Q 165

3 0.21 774 637 545 422 347 297

4 1.17 846 744 591 414 364 289

5 1.65 1,025 957 735 412 385 295

6 1.94 1,262 1,209 959 501 480 380

7 0.87 1,535 1,440 1,149 614 576 460

8 0.58 1,800 1,749 1,501 672 653 560

9 or more 0.30 1,900 1,841 1,365 701 679 504

Number of bedrooms

0 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

1 0.40 686 545 427 383 304 238

2 2.36 1,002 929 717 510 473 365

3 3.49 1,324 1,266 1,001 504 482 381

4 0.51 1,794 1,696 1,513 540 511 456

5 or more 0.07 1,714 1,330 1,007 338 262 Q

Adequacy of insulation

Well insulated 1.39 1,330 1,262 1,040 575 545 449

Adequately insulated 3.28 1,249 1,196 942 514 492 387

Poorly insulated 1.87 1,109 1,013 803 443 404 320

No insulation 0.29 941 745 559 391 309 232
Number of 

housing units 

(million)

Total mobile 

homesa Totalb Heatedc Cooledc Totalb Heated Cooled

All homes 6.83 1,214 1,140 907 500 470 374

Table HC10.16 Average square footage of mobile homes, 2020

Average square footage 

per housing unit

Average square footage 

per household member

Type of glass in windows

Single-pane glass 3.46 1,100 1,018 837 457 423 347

Double-pane glass 3.29 1,328 1,269 978 537 513 395

Triple-pane glass Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Number of household members

1 member 2.15 1,123 1,063 797 1,123 1,063 797

2 members 2.31 1,250 1,198 941 625 599 470

3 members 1.00 1,239 1,199 952 413 400 317

4 members 0.72 1,257 1,102 950 314 276 237

5 members 0.30 1,383 1,240 1,171 277 248 234

6 or more members 0.35 1,230 1,047 923 179 152 134

2020 annual household income

Less than $5,000 0.56 1,057 997 744 420 396 296

$5,000 to $9,999 0.62 1,099 994 719 497 449 325

$10,000 to $19,999 1.32 1,130 1,074 823 583 554 425

$20,000 to $39,999 2.25 1,170 1,078 879 475 438 357

$40,000 to $59,999 1.19 1,310 1,253 1,010 512 490 395

$60,000 to $99,999 0.61 1,445 1,351 1,109 512 479 393

$100,000 to $149,999 0.23 1,647 1,647 1,414 484 484 416

$150,000 or more 0.06 1,488 1,426 1,275 485 465 416

Ownership of housing unith

Owned 5.38 1,250 1,184 944 537 509 405

Rented 1.45 1,080 977 773 387 350 277

Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Demand and Integrated Statistics, Form EIA-457A of the 2020 Residential Energy Consumption Survey

Notes: Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. See RECS Terminology for the definitions of terms used in these tables. 

a Total mobile homes includes all primary occupied mobile homes in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Vacant housing units, seasonal units, second homes, military houses, 

and group quarters are excluded.

b Total square footage includes all basements, finished or conditioned (heated or cooled) areas of attics, and conditioned garage space that is attached to the home. Unconditioned 

and unfinished areas in attics and attached garages are excluded. The square footage of the home is based on respondent reports. Previous RECS cycles calculated square footage 

based on interviewer measurements. For households that did not report an exact square footage estimate, the square footage of the home was imputed based on a reported 

square footage range and/or characteristics of the home. See 2020 RECS Square Footage Methodology for full details about data collection and processing.

c

 When calculating average heated and cooled square footage, all housing units are considered, including those that are not heated or cooled. 

d Housing units are classified using criteria created by the U.S. Census Bureau based on 2010 Census data. Urbanized areas are densely settled groupings of blocks or tracts with 

50,000 or more people, while urban clusters have at least 2,500 but less than 50,000 people. All other areas are rural.

e The Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), created these climate regions. We 

combined climate regions for this publication. The Subarctic region is included with data for Very-cold/Cold .

f Households that use propane only for outdoor grilling are excluded from the RECS estimate of households using propane. 

g Some other fuel includes coal and district steam.

h Rented includes households that occupy their primary housing unit without paying rent. 

Q = Data withheld because either the relative standard error (RSE) was greater than 50% or fewer than 10 households were in the reporting sample.

N = No households in reporting sample. 
Data release date: March 2023

RSEs for number 

of housing units

Total mobile 

homesa Totalb Heatedc Cooledc Totalb Heated Cooled

All homes 0.00 1.27 1.61 2.47 2.95 3.28 3.78

Census region and division

Northeast 0.00 4.07 4.76 9.41 10.87 12.03 13.93

New England 0.00 5.46 5.46 17.17 10.53 10.53 23.89

Middle Atlantic 0.00 5.12 6.22 11.93 14.11 15.93 17.45

Midwest 0.00 3.30 3.67 6.72 7.74 7.80 10.82

East North Central 0.00 3.95 4.41 8.81 8.65 8.79 13.39

West North Central 0.00 5.05 5.70 9.39 12.88 13.04 15.07

South 0.00 1.77 2.22 3.07 3.98 4.42 4.91

South Atlantic 0.00 2.32 2.67 4.67 5.46 5.88 7.17

East South Central 0.00 3.49 3.81 4.87 6.91 7.04 8.27

West South Central 0.00 3.74 4.48 5.64 6.40 7.32 7.75

West 0.00 2.70 3.72 6.34 5.24 6.16 7.01

Mountain 0.00 3.28 3.92 6.38 4.94 5.88 7.06

Mountain North 0.00 4.22 4.22 11.12 8.21 8.21 14.88

Mountain South 0.00 4.64 6.01 7.58 8.01 9.62 8.76

Pacific 0.00 4.33 6.10 10.78 8.50 10.24 12.39

Census urban/rural classificationd

Urban 3.66 2.15 2.56 3.45 4.34 4.85 5.18

Urbanized area 5.05 2.45 3.06 4.02 5.60 6.28 6.37

Urban cluster 9.73 3.56 4.56 5.78 6.90 7.81 8.63

Rural 3.44 2.00 2.61 3.25 3.75 4.15 4.53

Climate regione

Very cold/Cold 3.24 2.08 2.15 5.38 4.16 4.18 6.97

Mixed-humid 4.24 2.35 2.65 4.23 4.66 4.93 5.78

Mixed-dry/Hot-dry 6.05 4.55 5.97 7.43 8.45 9.45 9.53

Hot-humid 5.01 3.54 4.88 5.09 6.17 7.36 7.85

Marine 11.57 4.98 7.64 15.57 12.99 17.24 16.56

Year of construction

Before 1950 36.55 15.03 21.48 47.59 25.68 28.25 56.60

1950 to 1959 24.48 15.63 18.52 25.90 39.04 45.13 38.92

1960 to 1969 15.91 6.65 9.42 13.81 18.09 19.16 16.63

1970 to 1979 6.65 2.77 3.58 6.51 6.78 7.37 8.42

1980 to 1989 6.79 2.67 3.91 5.81 5.75 7.13 8.19

1990 to 1999 5.51 2.37 2.72 3.92 5.06 4.95 5.95

2000 to 2009 7.71 3.45 4.36 4.34 7.58 8.94 8.03

2010 to 2015 12.80 5.76 6.16 7.45 11.19 12.47 11.64

2016 to 2020 16.12 7.07 9.12 9.56 10.87 13.27 14.01

Fuels used for any use (more than one 

may apply)

Electricity 0.00 1.27 1.61 2.47 2.95 3.28 3.78

Natural gas 5.17 2.18 2.94 3.72 5.42 6.33 6.27

Propanef 7.11 3.03 3.74 5.50 5.95 6.45 7.27

Wood 9.67 4.35 4.66 11.36 8.84 9.49 12.79

Fuel oil or kerosene 13.35 4.23 5.65 15.56 20.57 23.40 21.15

Distributed solar generation

Yes 26.30 12.44 23.95 20.21 35.33 50.86 32.58

No 0.40 1.25 1.61 2.51 2.69 3.01 3.59

Not asked (apartments) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

RSEs for average square footage 

per housing unit

RSEs for average square footage 

per household member

Relative standard errors (RSEs) for Table HC10.16 Average square footage of mobile homes, 2020
RSEs for number 

of housing units

Total mobile 

homesa Totalb Heatedc Cooledc Totalb Heated Cooled

All homes 0.00 1.27 1.61 2.47 2.95 3.28 3.78

RSEs for average square footage 

per housing unit

RSEs for average square footage 

per household member

Relative standard errors (RSEs) for Table HC10.16 Average square footage of mobile homes, 2020

Main space heating fuel

Natural gas 6.37 2.61 2.61 4.44 5.53 5.53 6.11

Electricity 2.69 1.82 2.21 2.99 3.79 4.14 4.86

Fuel oil or kerosene 16.20 4.33 4.33 18.08 22.01 22.01 24.16

Propane 10.84 3.88 3.88 7.65 6.62 6.62 8.44

Wood 17.05 7.45 7.45 26.62 9.52 9.52 27.03

Some other fuelg 100.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Does not use heating equipment 21.74 10.16 0.00 12.85 23.63 0.00 24.96

Air-conditioning equipment

Uses air-conditioning equipment 1.18 1.34 1.68 2.07 3.29 3.72 3.75

Does not use air-conditioning 

equipment 9.41 3.89 5.89 0.00 10.07 11.56 0.00

Fuel used by main water heater

Natural gas 7.06 3.48 4.43 6.48 6.75 7.55 8.25

Electricity 1.86 1.67 1.98 3.06 3.34 3.64 4.39

Propane 16.18 7.16 7.37 12.21 8.76 9.67 13.16

Fuel oil or kerosene 77.89 25.29 320.42 76.18 74.67 871.73 43.65

Some other fuelg 100.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Indoor light bulbs used at least 4 

hours a day

0 to 2 3.84 1.90 2.50 3.34 4.64 5.04 5.45

3 to 5 5.63 2.53 2.90 4.81 4.02 4.58 5.50

6 to 9 7.64 3.57 4.69 6.76 7.18 7.76 8.75

10 to 19 10.55 3.50 3.64 7.26 8.78 8.87 10.26

20 or more 24.64 11.41 11.38 16.67 22.31 24.06 27.28

Total number of rooms (excluding 

bathrooms)

1 or 2 30.16 12.67 25.46 12.51 47.44 67.13 39.52

3 21.23 15.14 15.10 24.39 19.32 18.86 26.73

4 6.69 3.11 4.20 5.99 7.12 8.19 7.78

5 5.89 1.96 2.92 3.85 4.80 5.37 6.09

6 5.87 1.75 2.86 4.43 4.16 4.96 6.06

7 8.07 2.58 3.78 6.72 6.73 8.41 8.42

8 11.74 2.82 3.09 5.26 7.46 7.52 7.66

9 or more 18.49 3.14 3.49 9.55 9.46 10.84 12.01

Number of bedrooms

0 100.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1 13.41 9.97 10.06 13.19 19.60 20.66 17.68

2 3.92 1.83 2.90 3.70 4.59 5.46 5.53

3 3.23 1.51 1.86 2.80 3.62 3.72 4.67

4 13.20 4.24 5.88 7.93 11.08 12.33 11.78

5 or more 33.16 13.93 30.31 39.27 26.91 44.89 50.27

Adequacy of insulation

Well insulated 6.90 2.72 3.41 5.43 6.10 6.63 7.38

Adequately insulated 3.56 2.08 2.51 3.15 4.39 4.78 5.01

Poorly insulated 5.88 2.66 3.09 5.12 4.05 4.38 5.24

No insulation 18.46 8.09 12.45 16.87 13.47 17.63 23.47
RSEs for number 

of housing units

Total mobile 

homesa Totalb Heatedc Cooledc Totalb Heated Cooled

All homes 0.00 1.27 1.61 2.47 2.95 3.28 3.78

RSEs for average square footage 

per housing unit

RSEs for average square footage 

per household member

Relative standard errors (RSEs) for Table HC10.16 Average square footage of mobile homes, 2020

Type of glass in windows

Single-pane glass 3.64 2.12 2.65 3.83 3.61 4.34 4.72

Double-pane glass 3.84 1.94 2.11 3.36 3.63 4.03 4.88

Triple-pane glass 33.40 12.37 25.43 22.54 20.04 26.18 24.44

Number of household members

1 member 6.37 2.56 3.13 4.69 2.56 3.13 4.69

2 members 5.50 2.06 2.33 4.69 2.06 2.33 4.69

3 members 8.12 3.91 4.53 6.83 3.91 4.53 6.83

4 members 11.10 3.77 5.98 7.74 3.77 5.98 7.74

5 members 15.65 4.68 10.16 9.11 4.68 10.16 9.11

6 or more members 15.85 6.16 10.02 10.81 7.91 11.91 11.59

2020 annual household income

Less than $5,000 12.46 5.65 6.71 9.39 10.40 11.46 12.16

$5,000 to $9,999 12.50 5.95 6.78 13.02 9.74 10.29 14.89

$10,000 to $19,999 7.25 3.23 3.63 5.48 8.16 8.77 9.26

$20,000 to $39,999 5.51 2.10 2.64 3.85 4.28 4.60 5.38

$40,000 to $59,999 8.45 3.34 4.10 5.81 7.02 7.81 7.21

$60,000 to $99,999 11.09 3.22 4.11 7.43 5.35 6.01 9.14

$100,000 to $149,999 19.07 5.77 5.77 10.29 9.59 9.59 12.44

$150,000 or more 38.38 11.32 13.10 18.46 12.46 12.98 15.83

Ownership of housing unith

Owned 2.05 1.34 1.65 2.55 3.57 3.86 4.39

Rented 7.62 3.27 3.80 4.85 5.70 6.22 6.68

Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Demand and Integrated Statistics, Form EIA-457A of the 2020 Residential Energy Consumption Survey

Notes: See RECS Terminology for the definitions of terms used in these tables. 

a Total mobile homes includes all primary occupied mobile homes in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Vacant housing units, seasonal units, second homes, military houses, 

and group quarters are excluded.

b Total square footage includes all basements, finished or conditioned (heated or cooled) areas of attics, and conditioned garage space that is attached to the home. Unconditioned 

and unfinished areas in attics and attached garages are excluded. The square footage of the home is based on respondent reports. Previous RECS cycles calculated square footage 

based on interviewer measurements. For households that did not report an exact square footage estimate, the square footage of the home was imputed based on a reported 

square footage range and/or characteristics of the home. See 2020 RECS Square Footage Methodology for full details about data collection and processing.

c

 When calculating average heated and cooled square footage, all housing units are considered, including those that are not heated or cooled. 

d Housing units are classified using criteria created by the U.S. Census Bureau based on 2010 Census data. Urbanized areas are densely settled groupings of blocks or tracts with 

50,000 or more people, while urban clusters have at least 2,500 but less than 50,000 people. All other areas are rural.

e The Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), created these climate regions. We 

combined climate regions for this publication. The Subarctic region is included with data for Very-cold/Cold.

f Households that use propane only for outdoor grilling are excluded from the RECS estimate of households using propane. 

g Some other fuel includes coal and district steam.

h Rented includes households that occupy their primary housing unit without paying rent.