# Final Information Collection Request for the
Disinfectants/Dis infection Byproducts, Chemical,

and Radionuclides Rulei TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 IDENTIFICATION OF THE INFORMATION COLLECTION

................................ ............. 1 1(a) Title and Number of the Information Collection

................................ ............................ 1 1(b) Short Characteriz ation

................................ ................................ ................................ .... 1

2 NEED FOR AND USE OF THE COLLECTION

................................ ................................ .... 3 2(a) Need/Authority for the Collection

................................ ................................ .................. 3 2(b) Uses/Users of the Data

................................ ................................ ................................ ... 8 2(b)(i) Uses of the Data

................................ ................................ ................................ 8 2(b)(ii) Users of the Data

................................ ................................ ............................. 10

3 NON

- DUPLICATION, CONSULTATIONS, AND OTHER COLLECTION CRITERIA

.. 11 3(a) Non

- duplication

................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 11 3(b) Public Notice Required Prior to ICR Submission to OMB

................................ .......... 11 3(c) Consultations

................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 11 3(d) Effects of Less F requent Collection

................................ ................................ .............. 14 3(e) General Guidelines

................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 14 3(f) Confidentiality

................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 14 3(g) Sensitive Questions

................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 14

4 RESPONDENTS AND INFORMATION REQUESTED

................................ ..................... 15 4(a) Respondents/NAICS Codes

................................ ................................ .......................... 15 4(b) Information Requested

................................ ................................ ................................ .. 15 4(b)(i) Data Items

................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 15 4(b)(ii) Respondent Act ivities

................................ ................................ ...................... 29

5 INFORMATION COLLECTED

— AGENCY ACTIVITIES, COLLECTION
METHODOLOGY, AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

................................ ............ 43 5(a) Agency Activ ities

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 43 5(b) Collection Methodology and Management

................................ ................................ ... 44 5(c) Small Entity Flexibility

................................ ................................ ................................ . 45 5(d) Collection Schedule

................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 47

6 ESTIMATING BURDEN AND COST OF COLLECTION

................................ .................. 49 6(a) Respondent Burden

................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 50 6(a)(i) Burden to Public Water Systems

................................ ................................ ..... 50 6(a)(ii) Burden to Primacy Agencies

................................ ................................ ........... 53 6(b) Respondent Costs

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 55 6(b)(i) Cost to Public Water Systems

................................ ................................ .......... 55 6(b)(ii) Cost to Primacy Agencies

................................ ................................ ............... 55 6(c) Agency Burden and Costs

................................ ................................ ............................. 57 6(d) Estimating Respondent Universe and Total Burden and Costs

................................ .... 57 6(e) Bottom Line Burden Hours and Costs

................................ ................................ .......... 58 6(f) Reasons for Change in Burden

................................ ................................ ..................... 59 6(f)(i) Restructurin g Adjustments

................................ ................................ ................ 60 6(f)(ii) Other Burden Adjustments

................................ ................................ ............... 61 6(g) Burden Statement

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 64ii LIST OF EXHIBIT S

Exhibit 1: Structure of OGWDW ICRs

................................ ................................ ......................... 6

Exhibit 2: PWS Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements

................................ ................... 16

Exhibit 3: Primacy Agency Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements

................................ .. 21

Exhibit 4 : Regulated Organic Co mpounds and Inorganic Chemicals

................................ ......... 37

Exhibit 5 : EPA Requirements

................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 44

Exhibit 6 : Collection Schedule

................................ ................................ ................................ .... 48

Exhibit 7 : Annual PWS Burden and Cost J anuary 1, 20 12

– December 3 1 , 201 4

...................... 56

Exhibit 8 : Annual Primacy Agency Burden and Cost January 1, 20 12

– Dece mber 31 , 20 14

... 5 7

Exhibit 9 : Bottom Line Annual Burden and Cost J anuary 1, 20 12

– December 3 1 , 201 4

.......... 59

Exhibit 10 : Summary of Changes in Annual Burden (Includes both PWS and Primacy

Agency Burden)

................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 60

Exhibit 11 : Restructuring Adjustments to the Annual Burden Inventoryfor the

DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR(Includes both PWS and Primacy Agency Burden)

.. 61

Exhibit 12 : Adjustments to PWS Burden from Previous ICR Estimates

................................ .... 62

Exhibit 13 : Adju stments to Primacy Agency Burden from Previous ICR Estimates

.................. 63

Exhibit 14 : Adjustments to Annual Burden Carried Forward from Previous ICR Estimates

(Includes both PWS and Primacy Agency Bur den)

................................ .................. 64iii LIST OF FIGURES

Fig ure 1: Structure of OGWDW ICRs............................................................... 5iv APPENDICES

Appendix A. Federal Register Notices Soliciting Comment on Information Collection Requests

Appendix B. Stage 1 Disin fectants/Disinfection Byproducts Rule Spreadsheets

Appendix C. Stage 2 Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts Rule Spreadsheets

Appendix D. Chemical Phase Regulation Spreadsheets

Appendix E. Radionuclides Rule Spreadsheets

Appendix F. Disinfectant Res idual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the Surface

Water Treatment Rule Spreadsheets

Appendix G. Arsenic Rule Spreadsheets

Appendix H. Lead and Copper Rule Spreadsheetsv ACRONYMS

AMWA Association of Metropolitan Water Agencies

AWWA American Water Works Association

ASDWA Association of State Drinking Water Administrators

BATs Best Available Technologies

BLS Bureau of Labor Statistics

CCR Consumer Confidence Report

CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prev ention

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

CT Contact Time

CCT Corrosion Control Treatment

CWS Community Water System

CWSS Community Water System Survey

DBP Disinfection Byproduct

DBPR Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

DDBP/Ch em/Rads Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides

Rules

DWSRF Drinking Water State Revolving Fund

EA Economic Analysis

EPA Environmental Protection Agency

FR Federal Register

GWR Ground Water Rule

HAA5 Haloacetic Ac ids

ICR Information Collection Request

IDSE I nitial D istribution S ystem E valuation

IESWTR Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule

IOCs Inorganic Compounds

LCR Lead and Copper Rule

LCRMR Lead and Copper Rule Minor Revisions

LSL Lead Service Line

LSLR Lead Service Line Replacement

LT1ESWTR Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule

LT2ESWTR Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule

MCL Maximum Contaminant Level

MCLG Maximum Contaminant Level Goal

MDL Method Det ection Limit

MRDL Maximum Residual Disinfection Level

mrem Millirem

NAICS North American Industry Classification System

NDWAC National Drinking Water Advisory Council

NPDWRs National Primary Drinking Water Regulations

NTNCWS Nontransient Noncommu nity Water System

OECA Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance

OGWDW Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water

O&M Operation and Maintenancevi

OMB Office of Management and Budget pCi/L PicoCuries per liter

PN Public Notification

PRA Pa perwork Reduction Act

PWS Public Water System

PWSS Public Water System Supervision RegNeg Regulatory Negotiation

RFA Regulatory Flexibility Analysis

SBREFA Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act

SDWA Safe Drinking Water Act

SDWIS Sa fe Drinking Water Information System

SMF Standardized Monitoring Framework

SNC Significant Non

- Compliance

SOCs Synthetic Organic Compounds

SWAP Source Water Assessment Program

SWTR Surface Water Treatment Rule

TCR Total Coliform Rule

TOC Tota l Organic Carbon

TNCWS Transient Noncommunity Water System

TTHM Total Trihalomethane

UCMR Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule

UIC Underground Injection Program

VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds WQP Water Quality ParameterDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

1 

### 1 IDENTIFICATION O F THE INFORMATION COLLECTION

1(a) Title and Number of the Information Collection

Title: Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules

OMB Control Number: 2040

- 0204

EPA Tracking Number: 1896.0 9

1(b) Short Characteriz ation

The Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water (OGWDW) in the Office of Water at the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA or the Agency) is responsible for managing the Public Water System Supervision (PWSS) Program, a national program mandated by the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). Section 1412 of the SDWA requires EPA to establish National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs) for contaminants that may adversely impact human health. The Act further requires EPA to monitor and enforce these regulations to ensure that the nation’s drinking water dependably complies with the maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) or maximum residual disinfectant levels (MRDLs), as stipulated in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), 40 CFR Part 141, Su bpart B.

Section 1445 of the SDWA stipulates that every drinking water supplier must conduct monitoring, maintain records, and provide such information as is needed for EPA to implement its monitoring and enforcement responsibilities with respect to th e Act. State 1 governments

— in those States that have assumed primary enforcement responsibility (i.e., primacy) for public water systems (PWSs) under the SDWA Section 1413

— ensure that PWSs are complying with these monitoring requirements. As part of the P WSS Program, the OGWDW uses the Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) to record some of the data collected as a result of NPDWR requirements. SDWIS is a database management system that assists EPA in tracking and interpreting monitoring data and other program

- related data. These data assist EPA in fulfilling its SDWA obligations.

This Information Collection Request (ICR) was prepared in accordance with the April

2005 version of EPA’s Guide to Writing Information Collection Requests Under the P aperwork Reduction Act (PRA) of 1995 (or ―ICR Handbook‖) prepared by EPA’s Office of Environmental Information, Office of Information Collection, Collection Strategies Division. The ICR Handbook provides the most current instructions for ICR preparation t o ensure compliance with the 1995 PRA amendments and the Office of Management and Budget’s (OMB’s) implementing guidelines.

1 Throughout this document, the terms ―State‖ or ―States‖ are used to refer to all types of primacy agencies. There are currently 57 primacy entities, including the 50 States, the District of Columbia, U.S. territories (Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and Northern Marianas), and the Navajo Nation. Though Wyoming and the District of Columbia do not have prima cy, the EPA burden for these activities counts as primacy agency

burden.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

2 Many information collection r equirements associated with SDWA and its implementing regulations are associated with rulemakings th at address specific contaminants or groups of contaminants. This ICR examines PWS, primacy agency, and EPA burden and cost for chemical regulations only. Microbial contaminants, such as those regulated under the Total Coliform Rule (TCR), are addressed i n the Microbial Rules ICR (OMB No. 2040

- 0205). Cross

- cutting recordkeeping and reporting requirements

— i.e., the burden and cost for complying with drinking water information requirements that are not associated with contaminant

- specific rulemakings

— are ad dressed in the PWSS Program ICR (OMB No. 2040

- 0090). Future chemical

- related rulemaking burden will be added to this ICR after the regulations are finalized and the initial,

rule

- specific, ICRs have expired.

The specific chemical regulations addressed in this ICR include the following

—

1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 1 DBPR) 2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 2 DBPR) 3) Chemical Phase Rules (Phases II/IIB/V) 4) Radionuclides Rule 5) Disinfectant Residua l Monitoring and Associated Activities under the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) 2

6) Arsenic Rule 7) Lead and Copper Rule (LCR) , including the Lead and Copper Rule Short Term

Revisions

This ICR estimates burden and costs for January 1, 2012

– December 31, 201 4

.

The total annual burden associated with this ICR is estimated to be 5. 7 million hours per year. The total annual cost associated with this ICR is estimated to be approximately $ 4 3 6 million. The distribution of annual burden between PWSs and prima cy agencies is approximately 3.8 million hours and 1.9 million hours, respectively (numbers may not add due to rounding) . The distribution of annual costs between PWSs and primacy agencies is approximately $ 3 5 0 million and $ 8 5 million, respectively. Ther e is no Agency burden or cost

. Section 6 and Appendices B through H provide details of all burden and cost estimates.

The approximate annual operation and maintenance (O&M) and capital costs are $ 2 3 0 million ($ 2 2 5 million for O&M and $ 5.0 million for capital). This represents the ―cost burden‖ as reported in the OMB inventory.

The total annual number of respondents for this ICR is 153,036 . Fifty

- seven of these respondents are primacy agencies and the remaining 152,979 respondents are existing PWS s. The total annual number of responses for these respondents is 12. 8 million ( 11. 9 million for

PWSs and 0.9 million for primacy agencies).

2 Includes only the SWTR components relating to disinfectant residual monitoring and associated activities. All remaining SWTR requirements are included in the Microbial Rules ICR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

3 

### 2 NEED FOR AND USE OF THE COLLECTION

2(a) Need/Authority for the Collection

This section identifies the regu latory or statutory authority for the information collection activities covered in this ICR and explains EPA’s need for the information. A summary of the major types of recordkeeping and reporting requirements for chemical contaminants covered by

this ICR is provided in Section 4 of this ICR

.

To allow the public to better understand the impact of the recordkeeping and reporting requirements stemming from the SDWA and 40 CFR Parts 141 and 142, OGWDW has organized its ICRs so that related activities are addressed in the same ICR. Specifically, there are three primary ICRs

— the Microbial Rules ICR, the Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical and Radionuclides Rules (DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules) ICR, and the Public Water Systems Supervision Program (PWSS Program) ICR. The Microbial Rules ICR includes rules addressing microbial contaminants, such as the Total Coliform Rule (TCR), Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR), and the Ground Water Rule ( GWR ). The PWSS Program ICR includes public notification and rul es and programs addressing cross

- cutting requirements that

are not contaminant

- specific. The DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR includes rules addressing chemical contaminants. The specific chemical regulati ons addressed in this ICR are

—

1) Stage 1 Disinfectants an d Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 1 DBPR) 2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 2 DBPR) 3) Chemical Phase Rules (Phases II/IIB/V) 4) Radionuclides Rule 5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the Surface

Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) 3

6) Arsenic Rule 7) Lead and Copper Rule (LCR ) , including the Lead and Copper Rule Short Term

Revisions

As EPA publishes new regulations, EPA will amend the appropriate ICR to include the

new rules.

For a graphical depiction of the st ructure of the OGWDW ICRs, see Figure 1. A complete itemization of the activities included in the three primary ICRs, as well as other drinking water program ICRs, is included as Exhibit 1.

The 1986 Amendments to SDWA require d the Agency to publish maxi mum contaminant level goals (MCLGs) and promulgate NPDWRs for 83 specific contaminants. Promulgation of

the chemical

- related rules contained in this ICR complies with the statutory requirements for some of these contaminants. Promulgation of the Stage 1 and Stage 2 DBPR s and the Arsenic

Rule complies with the amended (1996) statutory requirements for these contaminants.

3 Includes only SWTR components relating to disinfectant residual monitoring and associated activities. All remaining SWTR requirements are included in the Microbial Rules ICR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

4 In addition, the 1986 SDWA Amendments require d the EPA to propose and promulgate a NPDWR specifying criteria under which filtration wo uld be required as a treatment technique for public water systems supplied by surface water sources (Section 1412 (b)(7)(C)(i)). Promulgation of the SWTR satisfied this SDWA requirement. The SWTR includes disinfection

residual monitoring requirements that are addressed in this ICR.

The information collected under this ICR is required by EPA to carry out its monitoring and enforcement responsibilities under SDWA. Without comprehensive, up

- to

- date information on chemical contaminants present in drinking wa ter, the Agency would not be able to meet the SDWA statutory requirements.

§ 1401 of the SDWA requires that

—

there must be criteria and standards to assure a supply of drinking water which dependably complies with such maximum contaminant levels; includ ing quality control and testing procedures to insure compliance with such levels and to insure proper operation and maintenance of the system...

Further, §1445 of the SDWA requires that

—

every person who is a supplier of water shall establish and mainta in such records, make such reports, conduct such monitoring, and provide such information as the Administrator may reasonably require by regulation to assist him in establishing regulations, in determining whether such person has acted or is in compliance with this title...

In addition, §1401(1)(d) of the SDWA 1986 Amendments defines NPDWRs to include ―criteria and procedures to assure a supply of drinking water which dependably complies with such maximum contaminant levels; including accepted methods for quality control and testing procedures ...‖ This section authorizes EPA to require systems and laboratories to use Agency

approved methods and quality assurance criteria for collecting and analyzing water samples.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

5Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

6 Exhibit 1

Structure of OGWDW ICR s

Currently covered To be covered in the future

PWSS Program ICR (2040

- 0090)

Consumer Confidence Reports (CCRs) Variances & Exemptions Capacity Development Program General State Primacy Activities

Public Notification (PN) Operator Certificat ion Expense Reimbursement Grants Program Tribal Operator Certification Constructed Conveyances Proficiency Testing

Microbial Rules ICR (2040

- 0205)

Surface Water Treatment Rule, except disinfectant residual monitoring and associated activities 4 Ai rcraft Drinking Water Rule 5

Total Coliform Rule Revised Total Coliform Rule

Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR) Filter Backwash Recycling Rule Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT1ESWTR) Long Term 2 Enhanced Sur face Water Treatment Rule (LT2ESWTR)

Ground Water Rule Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR (2040

- 0204)

Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts

Rule Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and associa ted

activities under the SWTR Stage 2 DBPR

Chemical Phase Rules

Radionuclides Rule

Arsenic Rule Lead and Copper Rule Source Water Assessment Program (SWAP) ICR (2040

- 0197)

SWAP Underground Injection Control (UIC) Program ICR (2040

- 0042)

UIC Base Program Activities Class VI Geologic Sequestration Rule

Class V Rule

Florida Class I Rule

4 Disinfectant residual monitoring and associated activities are included in th e DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR.

5 Burden and Costs from the ADWR ICR will be incorporated into the 2012 Microbial Rules ICR, which will be updated under a subsequent Work Assignment.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

7 Currently covered To be covered in the future

Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF) Program ICR (2040

- 0185)

Drinking Water State Revolving Fund Program Drinking Water Infrastructure N eeds Survey ICR (2040

- 02 74 )

2011 Needs Survey Title VI of the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002: Drinking Water Security and Safety ICR (2040

- 0253)

Vulnerability Assessments and Emergency Response Plans fo r community water systems (CWSs). Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule ICR (2040

- 0270)

Monitoring of Unregulated Contaminants Laboratory Quality Assurance Evalu a tion Program for Analysis of Cryptosporid i um ICR (2040

- 0246)

Proficiency Testing Pr ogram for Laboratories Analyzing Cryptosporidium Samples

To implement its compliance oversight and enforcement responsibilities under the SDWA, EPA requires PWSs to monitor for various drinking water contaminants. The results of this monitoring must b e reported to primacy agencies, which in turn report a specified subset of this information in SDWIS. Additionally, both PWSs and primacy agencies must maintain records of analytic results and other related activities (e.g., sanitary survey results). With out comprehensive, up

- to

- date information on drinking water contamination (as provided by SDWIS), EPA would not be able to ensure a supply of drinking water that dependably complies with such maximum contaminant levels. If these monitoring requirements we re voluntary, EPA would not receive timely, comprehensive data on contaminant levels and associated acute and long

- term public health risks. Specifically, voluntary monitoring would not

—

Reliably occur with sufficient frequency.

Follow uniform national standards on quality of sampling, collection, and analysis. Ensure that monitoring addresses all contaminants listed in the regulations.

Thus, without this information collection, EPA would not be able to ensure safe drinking water

for the nation.

Addit ionally, EPA uses SDWIS data to estimate the costs of new regulations and to conduct economic and policy analyses that promote cost

- effective regulatory approaches. These uses are discussed in more detail in Section 2(b) below.

Section 4 of the ICR cont ains a summary of the major types of chemical contaminant recordkeeping and reporting requirements, as mandated by 40 CFR Parts 141 and 142. Specifically, most reporting required by PWSs can be found in §§141.31, 141.34, and 141.35.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

8 Most recordkeeping req uirements for PWSs are codified in §141.33, which requires that the results of chemical analyses be kept for a period of at least 10 years. Reporting and recordkeeping required by States can be found in §§142.15 and 142.14, respectively.

2(b) Uses/Use rs of the Data

2(b)(i) Uses of the Data

Primary users of the data collected under this ICR are EPA , PWS managers, and primacy agencies, which include State regulators, Indian Tribes, and, in some instances, EPA Regional

Administrators. Th is section contains more information about how chemical

- related data are used specifically for analytical monitoring, regulatory enforcement, oversight of State programs, implementation assistance, economic and policy analyses, and other Agency and public data evaluations. Each of these functions is discussed in greater detail below.

Analytical Monitoring

PWSs maintain records on the analytical results of monitoring and use these data to

—

Evaluate the quality of water delivered to customers.

Examine treatment efficacy. Determine compliance with national standards. Modify monitoring frequencies, schedules, and variances to address potential

health risks. Alert the public, through notices in the mass media or water bills, when the system is not in comp liance with Federal and State regulations so that they may take actions to minimize exposure to potentially harmful drinking water

contaminants. 6

Quarterly and annual reports that primacy agencies must submit to EPA include PWS

information , enforcement information and analytica l results for c ertain violation s of the

NPDWRs . This reporting is required to establish primacy and maintain eligibility for grants. All of this information is stored in SDWIS, which supports overall maintenance and retrieval of

information.

Regulatory Enforcement

Using SDWIS, system

- level compliance data may be compared from year to year and trends in compliance data can be evaluated at the system, State, and national program l evels. Primacy agencies are responsible for enforcement activities and can use SDWIS data to track compliance progress in their jurisdictions

, to identify enforcement targets and systems requiring remedial action, and to monitor progress of capacity devel opment strategies. The primacy agency must also track enforcement actions issued against each PWS not in compliance with

6 The burden associated with implementing the public notification requirement s is currently addressed in the PWSS Program ICR (OMB No. 2040

- 0090)

.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

9 drinking water standards and evaluate the system’s status in meeting schedules designed to return the PWS to compliance.

On a quart erly basis, EPA uses t he Enforcement Tracking Tool (ETT) to generate a list of

PWSs that are c onsidered ― priority s ystems ‖ for enforcement

. Together the Enforcement Response Policy (ERP) and ETT will prioritize and di rect enforcement response to systems with the most systemic noncompliance by considering all violations incurred by a system in a comprehensive way. The p olicy and tool identify priority systems for enforcement response

, provide a model to escalate respon ses to violations; define timely and ap propriate actions; and clarify what constitutes a formal action. If a State has failed to take timely and appropriate action, EPA may become directly involved in enforcement by issuing an administrative order. If the system does not comply with the order, EPA may seek an administrative penalty or co urt action. EPA may also take action against a PWS before it is in SNC.

Oversight of State Programs

State reporting is a condition for maintaining primacy. Primacy agencies play a crucia l role in implementing the SDWA, and EPA is charged with overseeing the performance of these States. Generally, EPA Regional Offices perform this duty and use SDWIS data to develop summary statistics on individual State performance.

Implementation Assistance

EPA and primacy agencies also use the data collected to assist small systems in implementing SDWA requirements, including dev eloping variances and exemptions and evaluating PWS capacity. If a PWS is unable to meet standard requirements due to source water quality or affordability concerns, a variance or exemption may be issued to allow the system to comply with slightly different drinking wate r standards or implementation schedules that are still protective of public health. Capacity development is a State effort to help all drinking water systems, particularly small systems, improve their finances, management, infrastructure, and operations. This helps ensure that safe drinking water is provided, consistently, reliably, and

cost

- effectively.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

10 Economic and Policy Analyses

SDWIS data are used extensively in developing economic analyses (EAs) of proposed new regulations or revisions of exist ing regulations. The data help to determine a system’s susceptibility and vulnerability to contaminants, as well as the potential for co

- occurrence of contaminants. Data are also used by OGWDW to conduct analyses used in developing new policies, regulati ons, and guidance documents. When analyzing economic or financial impacts on the water supply industry or consumers, EPA uses compliance data from SDWIS, together with other national survey data, to estimate the number of systems that would have to instal l treatment technologies or apply contamination reduction measures to reduce public health risks. Without such data, EPA would be unable to predict costs and benefits that systems would incur under new or revised regulations.

2(b)(ii) Users of the D ata

The information collected by EPA is made available to the public upon request, as required by the Freedom of Information Act (40 CFR, Chapter 1, Part 2). In some cases, the SDWA requires that the information be provided to the public or primacy agen cy. Other

o rganizations that utilize the data include

—

Staff from other EPA programs (such as Superfund, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and the OECA) The Federal Emergency Management Administration Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC ) Military bases

Farmers Home Administration Department of Interior Department of Housing and Urban Development U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

White House Task Forces

American Water Works Association (AWWA) Association of Metropolitan Water Agencies (AMWA)

N ational Rural Water Association National Association of Water Companies Association of State Drinking Water Administrators (ASDWA)

Natural Resources Defense CouncilDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

11 

### 3 NON

- DUPLICATION, CONSULTATIONS, AND OTHER

COLLECTION CRITERIA

3(a) Non

- duplication

EPA has made an effort to ensure that the data collection efforts associated with this ICR are not duplicated. EPA has consulted State environmental programs, other Federal agencies (such as CDC), and regulated entities (such as PWSs and their representa tive trade associations). To the best of EPA's knowledge, data currently required by the SDWA (and its implementing regulations codified at 40 CFR Parts 141 and 142) are not available from any other source.

3(b) Public Notice Required Prior to ICR Submi ssion to OMB

To comply with the 1995 Amendments to the PRA, EPA solicited public comment on

this ICR for a 60

- day period before it was submitted to OMB. Specifically, EPA published a notice in the Federal Register (FR) requesting comment on the estimat ed respondent burden and other aspects of this ICR ( 7 6 FR 39092 , see Appendix A). EPA did not receive any comments during the 60

- day comment period.

An additional FR notice will be published prior to submission of this ICR to OMB. The public comment peri od for this additional notice is 30 days.

3(c) Consultations

As a standard regulatory development practice to promote public involvement, EPA formally solicits public comment on proposed drinking water rules. Before any rule is finalized, EPA logs and evaluates all written comments on proposed rules. Additionally, EPA usually holds public meetings during which any interested party may provide oral testimony for Agency consideration. Such meetings are typically announced in the FR notice accompanying the proposed rule.

In the initial phases of program development, or to confirm assumptions on which rules or guidelines are based, EPA often augments formal meetings with other workshops or meetings to gather information. Throughout the development and implementation of various chemical regulations, OGWDW held numerous meetings with interested stakeholders, including State, EPA Regional, and PWS representatives, to identify the value and ease of collecting information needed to fulfill SDWA obligations. Specific examples of meetings EPA held to address the chemical regulations contained in this ICR include

—Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

12 Consultations held for Chemical Phase Regulations, including

—

July 12, 1989, meeting in Washington, DC for the Phase II and IIB Rules.

September 25, 1990, meeting in Wash ington, DC for the Phase V Rule.

A Radionuclides s takeholder m eeting on December 11

- 12, 1997. EPA consulted with a broad range of stakeholders and technical experts during the meeting and discussed a range of regulation developm ent issues, including st atutory requirements, the court

- stipulated agreement, MCLs for each of the radionuclides, new scientific information on health effects, occurrence, analytical methods, treatment technologies, and the current and proposed monitoring framework. Participants in EPA’s stakeholder meeting included representatives from AMWA

, ASDWA

, AWWA , National Association of Water Companies, State s , Federal agencies, environmental groups, and city water systems.

To develop the Stage 1 DBPR, EPA inst ituted a formal regulatory negotiation (RegNeg) process in 1992 with potentially affected parties (57 FR 53866; Nov 13, 1992). This RegNeg Committee included representatives from the water and other industries, State public health and regulatory agencies, environmental groups, consumer groups, and EPA.

Development of the 2001 Revised Arsenic Rule included stakeholder meetings, held with the intent of collecting input from those directly affected by the revisions to the arsenic MCL and to the monitoring re quirements. The Agency held four meetings to discuss revisions to the proposed arsenic rule:

 September 11

- 12, 1997

- Washington, DC;

 February 25, 1998

- San Antonio, Texas, following a 2

- day AWWA workshop on inorganics;

 May 5, 1998

- Monterey, California ; and

 June 2

- 3, 1999

- Washington, DC (including a half

- day conference call)

In developing the final version of the 1991 LCR, EPA consulted with the National Drinking Water Advisory Council ( NDWAC ) and requested comments from its Science Advisory Board. The monitoring requirements of the LCR reflect comments made by the drinking water industry. In addition, during the comment period for the 1991 LCR, approximately 28,000 comments were received from approximately 3,000 individuals and organizations.

Mo re recently, EPA developed the Lead and Copper Rule Minor Revisions (LCRMR) (promulgated in January 2000) and held the following meetings, consultations, and work group discussions to address these modifications:Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

13  The LCRMR workgroup (comprised of EPA Hea dquarters and Regional staff as well as State drinking water officials) was established in 1993 and held several discussions throughout development of the LCRMR.

 Several EPA

- sponsored stakeholder meetings were held to discuss burden

reduction efforts and d evelopment of the LCRMR.

 OGWDW 's Data Sharing Committee worked with several States and ASDWA to revise primacy agency reporting requirements based on comments received on the April 1996 proposed changes.

 In 1998, prior to publishing additional notices fo r comment, EPA provided national, local, and tribal organizations with brief articles for inclusion in their newsletters. These articles announced EPA’s plans to publish the notices and encouraged readers to provide comment on the additional regulatory op tions, which would be described in those notices.

 EPA coordinated closely with States and several national organizations to provide copies of the August 18, 1998, proposed rule directly to water systems most likely to be affected by the regulatory option s discussed in the notice. This included all water systems serving more than 50,000 people and any smaller water system likely to continue to exceed an action

level after the installation of corrosion control treatment.

 During February 1999, EPA consult ed with a State Unfunded Mandates Reform Act panel regarding the revised ICR burden and cost estimates for the LCR and LCRMR and assumptions used to derive these estimates.

In 2007, EPA promulgated short term changes to the Lead and Copper Rule

, identifi ed through a comprehensive national review of compliance and implementation of the LCR. In conducting this review, EPA consulted with a wide range of interested parties. The comprehensive review consisted of several elements, including a series of workshop s designed to elicit issues, comments, and suggestions from stakeholders on particular topics, and a review of LCR implementation by States and utilities.

The Stage 2 DBPR is the result of a lengthy regulatory negotiation process that began in the Spring of 1999. To address the public health concerns necessitating promulgation of the Stage 2 DBPR, EPA explored a number of regulatory

alternatives with the M

- DBP Advisory Committee, an advisory group to EPA,

which was convened under the FACA.

As part of the revision of the DDBP/Chems/Rads ICR, in the summer of 2011 EPA consulted with representatives of PWSs and States regarding the accuracy of EPA’s burden

estimates. EPA compiled a spreadsheet with burden estimates for each activity for each rule and

prov ided the file to AWWA, A MWA, ASDWA, NAWC, and NRWA. AWWA, AMWA, and ASDWA in turn consulted a small sample of their members for feedback on the estimates.
ASDWA, AMWA, NAWC, and AWWA submitted revised burden estimates. In general,

ASDWA felt that EPA’s est imates were reasonable. AMWA felt that in some cases EPA

underestimated the amount of time large systems needed to for monitoring activities. ASDWADisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

14 felt that in a few cases, EPA slightly underestimated the amount of time States needed to review reports sub mitted by systems.

For information collection requirements for which comments were received, EPA compiled the suggested estimates and p repared revised burden estimates. The e nd of each appendix to this ICR contains a table summarizing the original and rev ised burden estimates.

Since the regulations covered by this ICR are not new, the typical consultations, workshops, and meetings held for proposed rules were not held immediately prior to the development of this document.

3(d) Effects of Less Frequent Collection

EPA has considered a wide range of alternatives for frequency of data collection. EPA has chosen to require the least frequent collection that remains consistent with the overall goal of protecting public health. If data are collected less frequently, primacy agencies may not identify in a timely fashion significant contaminant concentrations that might threaten the health and safety of drinking water consumers.

For some rules, the primacy agency has discretion in adjusting monitoring sche dules, where possible (e.g. by granting waivers or reducing the monitoring frequency/sites ). Monitoring frequencies have been carefully devised based on the following

—

Type of contaminant. Type and size of system. System vulnerability.

Contaminant hist ory. Factors contributing to DBP formation (Stage 1 DBPR only).

3(e) General Guidelines

This ICR was prepared in accordance with the November 2005 version of the ICR Handbook prepared by EPA’s Office of Environmental Information , Office of Information Collection, Collection Strategies Division. The ICR Handbook provides the most current instructions for ICR preparation to ensure compliance with the 1995 PRA amendments and OMB’s implementing guidelines.

3(f) Confidentiality

No confidential informat ion will be collected as a result of this ICR.

3(g) Sensitive Questions

No information of a sensitive nature will be collected as a result of this ICR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

15 

### 4 RESPONDENTS AND INFORMATION REQUESTED

4(a) Respondents/NAICS Codes

Data associated with this I CR are collected and maintained at the PWS, State, and Federal levels. Respondents include

—

Owners/operators of PWSs, who must report to their primacy agency. Primacy agencies

, which include States, Tribes (if they have been authorized to act as primacy agencies), and EPA Regions that act as primacy agencies in Indian lands and States that do not have primacy.

The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code for PWSs is 22131.

The NAICS code s for State agencies that include drinking wate r programs are 92411 (Administration of Air and Water Resources and Solid Waste Management Programs) or 92312 (Administration of Public Health Programs). Ancillary systems (i.e., those that supplement the function of other establishments like factories, p ower plants, mobile home parks, etc.) cannot be categorized in a single NAICS code. For ancillary systems, the NAICS code is that of the primary establishment or industry.

4(b) Information Requested

4(b)(i) Data Items

The data items that respondents will collect in implementing their responsibilities under

the chemical

- related drinking water regulations included in this ICR are summarized below.

Each PWS is required to report to its primacy agency monitoring results received from

laboratories. In addition, as required by §141.33, PWSs must either maintain analytical reports or transfer the following information regarding sample results to a tabular summary

—

Date, place, and time of sampling. Name of the person who collected the sample.

Identific ation of the sample as a routine distribution system sample, check sample, raw or process water sample, or other special purpose sample. Date of analysis. Laboratory and person responsible for performing analysis. Contaminants for which the analysis was pe rformed. Analytical technique/method used. Results of the analysis.

PWSs are required to submit and keep records on additional information such as public
education on lead, monitoring plans, waiver applications, and disinfection calculations.

Exhibi t 2 further describ e s the respondent information collection requirements covered by the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

16 Exhibit 2 PWS Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements

Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/ Retention Period

General Requirements (apply to all regulations)
Reporting Except where a different period is specified in an individual drinking water regulation, PWSs are required to submit the following to the State: Results of any test measurement or analysis required in 40 CFR

P art 141. 40 CFR 141.31(a) At the end of the required monitoring period

Failure to comply with any NPDWR, including failure to

monitor. 40 CFR 141.31(b) and (c) As necessary, unless State lab performs analysis and reports

results to State Copies of record s required to be

maintained under 141.33 and/or copies of documents that the

State is entitled to under Section

1445 of SDWA or State law. 40 CFR 141.31(e) As requested

Recordkeeping Except where a different period is specified in an individual drinking water regulation, PWSs are required to retain the following information: Records of bacteriological or chemical analyses and related

information. 40 CFR 141.33(a) 5 years for bacteriological data; 10 years for chemical data

Records of actions taken by the
PWS to correct violations of

NPDWRs. 40 CFR 141.33(b) 3 years after last action taken

related to the violation

Copies of any written reports, summaries, or communications relating to sanitary surveys 40 CFR 141.33(c) 10 years

Records concerning a var iance or exemption granted. 40 CFR 141.33(d) 5 years following the expiration of the variance or exemption Stage 1 DBPR
Reporting

Report to the State specified sampling information (including MCL or MRDL exceedances) about disinfectants, disinfection byproducts, and disinfection byproduct precursors. 40 CFR 141.134(a) through (d) Quarterly or as necessary for systems sampling less frequently than quarterly

Develop and submit application to State for approval of

alternative minimum total organic

ca rbon ( TOC ) removal levels. 40 CFR 141.135(b)(3)and (4) As necessary

Develop and submit application to State for approval of waiver of enhanced coagulation requirements. 40 CFR 141.135(b)(4)(v) One time

Stage 2 DBPR ReportingDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

17 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/ Retention Period

Recordkeeping

Reco rds of Initial Distribution System Evaluation ( IDSE ) Report s 40 CFR 141.601(c)(4) Ten years

Results of operational

evaluations to be discussed with

States 40 CFR 141.626 Ten years

Chemical Phase Rules (Phases II, IIB, and V) Reporting Apply to State f or asbestos monitoring waiver. 40 CFR 141.23(b)(2) and (4) Every 3 years, if applicable

Apply to State for inorganic compound ( IOC ) monitoring

waiver. 40 CFR 141.23(c)(2) and (3) Every 9 years, if applicable

Apply to the State to conduct more frequent I OC monitoring. 40 CFR 141.23(h) One time, if applicable

Apply to State for VOC monitoring waiver. 40 CFR 141.24(f)(7) and (10) Every 6 years or frequency specified by State, if applicable Apply to State for SOC monitoring waiver. 40 CFR 141.24(h)(5) and 141.24(h)(7)(iv) Every 3 years, if applicable

Notify State of MCL

exceedances. 40 CFR 141.23(m) through (o) As necessary

Submit written treatment technique certification to State regarding acrylamide and epichlorohydrin levels. 40 CFR 141.111 Annually, i f applicable

Radionuclides Reporting Notify State of MCL exceedances

for contaminants specified in 141.66(b)

- (e). 40 CFR 141.26(c)(5) As necessary

SWTR (only disinfection residual monitoring and associated activities) Unfiltered Systems

– Reporting

Disinfection information specified in 141.74(b) 40 CFR 141.75(a)(2) Within 10 days after the end of each month the system serves water to the public Filtered Systems

- Reporting

Disinfection information specified in 141.74(c) 40 CFR 141.75(b)(2) W ithin 10 days after the end of each month the system serves water to the public

Arsenic Rule Subject to general requirements as listed above. Lead and Copper Rule , Including October 2008 Short Term Revisions Reporting Report to the State any

informati on required by the treatment provisions in Subpart I (especially 40 CFR 141.90). 40 CFR 141.80(i) As required

Tap water and water quality parameters (WQP) monitoring requirements

Water systems that exceed the 40 CFR 141.84(b) & (c) As necessaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

18 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/ Retention Period

lead action level must reevaluate

lead serv ice lines classified as “replaced” through testing if they

resume lead service line replacement programs. Allows systems with less than 5 taps to take one sample per tap if approved by State. 40 CFR 141.86 (c) 141.80(c) (3)(v) One time

Report the specified information for all tap water samples and all WQP samples. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(1) End of the applicable monitoring period

Provide written documentation to the State identifying standing times and locations for enough

non

- first

- draw samples to make up its sampling pool under §141.86(b)(5). 40 CFR 141.90(a)(2)(i) As necessary

If the State has waived prior approval of non

- first

- draw sample sites selected by the system, identify, in writing, each site that

did not meet the six

- hour minimum standing time and the length of standing time for that particular substitute sample. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(2)(ii) As necessary

For a water system deemed to have optimized corrosion control, a water system subject to reduced monitoring, or a wa ter system subject to a monitoring waiver, send written

documentation to the State describing any addition of a new source or any change in water

treatment. 40 CFR 141.81(b)(3)(iii); As necessary

For a water system, prohibit systems that exceed the lead action level from initiating or remaining on reduced monitoring based solely on results of water quality parameter monitoring 40 CFR 141.86(d)(4)(vi)(B) As necessary

For any small water system applying for a monitoring waiver, provide documentation to the State demonstrating that it meets

the waiver criteria. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(4)(i) As necessary

For each small system desiring to maintain its monitoring waiver, provide written information to the

State. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(4)(ii) Every 9 years

For each sma ll system with a monitoring waiver, provide

written notification to the State if the system is no longer free of 40 CFR 141.90(a)(4)(iii) As necessary, within 60 days after becoming aware of changeDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

19 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/ Retention Period

lead

- containing or copper

containing materials.

For each ground water system that limits WQP monitoring to a subset of entry points, provide written correspondence to the

State that identifies selected entry points and includes

information sufficient to

demonstrate that the sites are representative of water qua lity

and treatment conditions throughout the system. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(5) One time, as necessary

Provide the specified information

to the State if the State calculates the 90th percentile

concentrations. 40 CFR 141.90(h)(2) End of monitoring period

Source water monitoring reporting requirements

Report the sampling results for all source water samples

collected in accordance with §141.88. 40 CFR 141.90(b)(1) End of monitoring period

Specify any site which was not sampled during the previous monitoring p eriod and explain why the sampling point has changed. 40 CFR 141.90(b)(2) As necessary, end of monitoring period

Corrosion control treatment reporting requirements

For systems demonstrating optimized corrosion control, provide the State information

dem onstrating that the PWS has conducted activities equivalent to the applicable corrosion control
steps. 40 CFR 141.81(b)(2), 141.90(c)(1) One time, as necessary

For systems demonstrating optimized corrosion control, submit results of tap water monitoring a nd source water monitoring. 40 CFR 141.81(b)(3) As necessary

For systems deemed to have optimized corrosion control, notify the State in writing prior to any change in treatment or of the

addition of a new source. 40 CFR 141.81(b)(3)(iii) 141.86(d)(4)(vi i); 141.86(g)(4)(iii); 141.90(a)(3) As necessary

Submit monitoring results that show two consecutive monitoring periods that meet both lead and copper action levels. 40 CFR 141.81(c) As necessary

Request in writing a modification of optimal corrosion co ntrol treatment ( CCT )

. 40 CFR 141.82(h) As necessaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

20 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/ Retention Period

For systems required to evaluate the effectiveness of CCTs, report the information required by §141.82(c). 40 CFR 141.90(c)(3) As necessary

For systems required to install optimal corrosion control, submit a letter certifying that the system has completed installation. 40 CFR 141.90(c)(4) As necessary

Source water treatment reporting requirements

Provide to the State a recommendation regarding

source water treatment. 40 CFR 141.83(a)(1),

40 CFR 141.83(b)(1), 40 CFR 141.90(d)(1) As necessary, within 6 months of exceeding action level

Request in writing a modification

of source water treatment or maximum permissible lead and copper concentrations. 40 CFR 141.83(b)(6) As necessary

For systems req uired to install source water treatment, submit a letter certifying that the system has completed installation of the designated treatment. 40 CFR 141.90(d)(2) As necessary, within 24 months after State designates treatment

Public education program rep orting requirements

Deliver written public education materials if a water system

exceeds the lead action level based on tap water samples. 40 CFR 141.85(a) & (c) As necessary, timing varies by type of system

Broadcast public service

announcements if a CWS

exceeds the lead action level based on tap water samples. 40 CFR 141.85(b) & (c) As necessary

Water systems that exceed the lead action level must provide

information to additional at

- risk populations and must conduct specified public education

activi ties. Water systems must

include a statement on lead in their CCR. Water systems certify

to State that activities have been

conducted. 40 CFR 141.85(a) & (b);141.154 As necessary

Apply to the State in writing to alter specified public education language (CWSs only). 40 CFR 141.85(c)(7) As necessary

W ater systems must provide consumers who occupy homes or buildings that are part of the utility’s monitoring program, with testing results when their drinking

water is tested for lead and copper. Water syste ms certify to

State that results have been 40 CFR 141.80(g); 141.85(d); 141.90(f)(3) As necessaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

21 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/ Retention Period

distributed. For any water system that is subject to public education requirements, send written

documentation to the State that contains specified informati on. 40 CFR 141.90(f)(1) As necessary; end of each public education period

Primacy agencies review and maintain records on monitoring results. They also approve or review monitoring plans, waivers, treatment changes, public education, and other docume nts submitted by PWSs. In addition, States report compliance and enforcement data to EPA , and they apply to EPA for primacy to implement new drinking water regulations. Reporting and recordkeeping requirements for States are described in more detail in Exh ibit 3.

Exhibit 3 Primacy Agency Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements

Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

General Requirements (apply to all regulations) Reporting Submit reports to the Administrator containing new

violation s by PWS and new enforcement actions by States that occurred during the previous
quarter. 40 CFR 142.15(a)(1) and (2) Quarterly

Recordkeeping Maintain records of tests, measurements, analyses, decisions, and determinations performed on each PWS to

determ ine compliance with applicable provisions of State primary drinking water regulations. 40 CFR 142.14(a) Varies

Retain files, which shall include for each PWS in the State, records of any State approvals and records of any enforcement

actions. 40 CFR 142 .14(d)(2) and (3) 12 years

Stage 1 DBPR Reporting

Review and make determination regarding approval of application

for use of alternative minimum

TOC removal levels. 40 CFR 141.135(b)(1) As necessary

Review and make determination regarding applic ation for approval

of waiver of enhanced coagulation requirements. 40 CFR 141.135(b)(4)(v) One time, as necessaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

22 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

Recordkeeping

Records of the currently applicable or most recent State determinations, including all supporting information and an explanat ion of the technical basis for each decision, made under the following provisions of 40 CFR part 141, subpart L for the

control of disinfectants and disinfection byproducts. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(12) 12 years

Records of systems that are installing granular activated

carbon or membrane technology. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(12)(i) 12 years

Records of systems that are required, by the State, to meet

alternative minimum TOC removal requirements or for

whom the State has determined

that the source water is not

amenable to enhanced coagulation. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(12)(ii) 12 years

Records of subpart H systems using conventional treatment meeting any of the alternative compliance criteria. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(12)(iii) 12 years

A register of qualified operators

that have me t the State requirements. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(12)(iv) 12 years

Records of systems with multiple

wells considered to be one treatment plant. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(13) 12 years

Monitoring plans for subpart H systems serving more than 3,300

persons. 40 CFR 142. 14(d)(14) 12 years

List of laboratories approved for analyses. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(15) 12 years

List of systems required to

monitor for disinfectants and disinfection byproducts in accordance with part 141, subpart L. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(16) 12 years

Stag e 2 DBPR Recordkeeping A record of all current monitoring requirements and the most recent monitoring frequency decision pertaining to the

contaminant 40 CFR 142.14(a)(8) In perpetuity, until replaced or

revised

Records of IDSE monitoring plans submitted by PWSs plus any modifications, until replaced 40 CFR 142.14(a)(8)(i) In perpetuity, until replaced or

revisedDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

23 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

by approved IDSE reports. Records of IDSE reports and

40/30 certificatio ns and any modifications required by the State, until replaced or revised. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(8)(ii) In perpetuity, until replaced or

revised

Operational evaluations submitted by a system. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(8)(iii) Ten years

Special P

rimacy Requirements An application for approval of a State program revision that adopts 40 CFR part 141, subpart L, must contain a description of how the State will accomplish the program requirements. 40 CFR 142.16(h) One time

Chemical Phase Rules (Ph ases II, IIB, and V) Reporting Make determination regar ding asbestos waiver requests. 40 CFR 141.23(b)(3) and (4) 3 years, as necessary

Make determination regarding IOC waiver requests. 40 CFR 141.23(c)(2) through (4) 9 years, as necessary

Make dete rmination regarding volatile organic compounds ( VOC ) waiver. 40 CFR 141.24(f)(7), (8), and (10) 6 years or frequency specified by State, as necessary

Make determination regarding synthetic organic compounds ( SOC ) waiver requests. 40 CFR 141.24(h)(5) and (6) 3 years, as necessary

Recordkeeping

Records for most recent vulnerability determination, including monitoring results and other data supporting the determination, the State’s findings, and any additional

bases for such determination. 40 CFR 142.14( d)(4) In perpetuity or until more current vulnerability determination has

been issued

Records of all current monitoring requirements and most recent monitoring frequency decision pertaining to each contaminant, including the monitoring results

and other data supporting the decision, the State’s findings, and any additional bases for

such decision. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(5) In perpetuity or until a more recent monitoring frequency

decision has been issued

Records of most recent asbestos repeat monitoring dete rmination, including monitoring results and other data supporting the determination, the State’s findings, and any additional

bases for the determination and

th e repeat monitoring frequency. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(6) In perpetuity or until more current
repeat m onitoring determination

has been issued

Records of annual certifications received from systems pursuant 40 CFR 142.14(d)(7) 12 yearsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

24 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

to part 141, subpart K demonstrating the system’s compliance with the treatment techniques for acrylamide and/or epichlorohydrin.

Radionuclides Reporting

Evaluate and draft written response for a system request to use historical monitoring data. 40 CFR 141.26(a)(2)(ii)(C) As necessary

Determine whether to designate a system as vulnerable and notify system of the determ ination. 40 CFR 141.26(b)(1) As necessary

Designate system using waters contaminated by nuclear facility effluent and notify system of

determination. 40 CFR 141.26(b)(2) As necessary

Recordkeeping Subject to general requirements as listed above.

SWTR (only disinfection residual monitoring and associated activities) Reporting Subject to general requirements as listed above Recordkeeping

Records of disinfectant residual

measurements and other parameters necessary to
document disinfection

effectivenes s. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(i) 1 year

Records of decisions to allow an unfiltered or filtered, respectively, PWS to sample residual

disinfectant concentration at

alternate locations if it also has ground water source(s). 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(A)(4) and (6), respectively 40 years, or 1 year after decision

is reversed or revised

Records of any decision that a violation of monthly contact time (CT) compliance requirements was caused by circumstances

that were unusual and unpredictable. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(B )(1) 1 year

Records of any decision that a

violation of the disinfection

effectiveness criteria was not caused by a deficiency in

treatment of the source water. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(B)(2) 1 year

Records of any decision that

failure to meet the disin fectant

residual concentration requirements of 141.72(a)(3)(i) was caused by circumstances

that were unusual and unpredictable. A copy of the decision must be provided to the 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(C)(2) 40 years, unless filtration is

installedDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

25 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

system.

Records of decisions that an unfiltered or filtered system has no means for having a sample transported and analyzed for heterotrophic plate count by a certified laboratory under the requisite time and temperature conditions and that the system is providin g adequate disinfection in the distribution system, so that the disinfection requirements do not apply, and the basis for the decision. A copy of the decision must be provided to the system. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(C)(9) and (10), respectively Until the d ecision is reversed or

revised

Records of decisions that a system using a disinfectant other than chlorine may use CT 99.9

values other than those in tables

2.1 or 3.1 and /or other operational parameters to

determine if the minimum total

inactivation ra tes are being met. A copy of the decision must be provided to the system. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(C)(13) Until the decision is reversed or

revised

Arsenic Rule Reporting Subject to general requirements

as listed above Recordkeeping Subject to general requirements

as listed above Lead and Copper Rule Reporting Notify the system after an approval decision has been made in regards to the system’s
request to add a new source of water or change a treatment process prior to implementation. 40 CF R 141.81(b)(3)(iii); 141.86(d)(4)(vii); 141.86(g)(4)(iii); 141.90(a)(3) As necessary

Provide written notice to PWSs explaining the basis for determining if the PWS has optimized corrosion control and specifying the water quality control parameters that represent optimal corrosion control. 40 CFR 141.81(b)(2) As necessary

Notify a system in writing of any determination requiring a system
to repeat treatment steps previously completed. 40 CFR 141.81(c) As necessary

Specify corrosion control studies

or op timal CCT (after a small or 40 CFR 141.81(e)(2) Within 18 months (medium systems) or 24 months (smallDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

26 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

medium system exceeds the lead or copper action level). systems) of exceedance

Designate optimal CCT (if a small or medium system has performed corrosion control studies). 40 CFR 141.81(e)(4) As necessary, within 6 months of system completing studies

For small and medium systems, designate optimal water quality
parameters. 40 CFR 141.81(e)(7) As necessary, within 6 months of system completing follow

- up

sa mpling Notify PWSs in writing of decisions on optimal CCT. 40 CFR 141.82(d)(2) As necessary

Modify determinations of optimal CCT in writing. 40 CFR 141.82(h) As necessary or as requested

Notify the system in writing of determinations regarding

necessary source water

treatment. 40 CFR 141.83(a)(2), 141.83(b)(2) As necessary, within 6 months of submission of monitoring results

Notify the system in writing of designations for maximum permissible source water levels. 40 CFR 141.83(a)(5), 141.83(b)(4) As nec essary within 6 months of completing tap and source water monitoring. Provide in writing revised source

water treatment or maximum permissible lead and copper concentrations along with a basis

for the decision and an implementation schedule. 40 CFR 141.83 (b)(6) As necessary or as requested

Review public education

materials content and consult on

activities. Review and track system certification. 40 CFR 141.85(a) As necessary

Notify a system in writing if a

shorter LSLR schedule is required. 40 CFR 141.8 4(e) As necessary, within 6 months after system triggered into LSLR

Review and track system certification regarding distribution of tap samples to individual monitoring locations. 40 CFR 141.80(g); 141.85(d); 141.90(f)(3) As necessary

Notify the system o f approval of

non

- first

- draw sample sites. 40 CFR 141.86(b)(5) As necessary

If applicable, review system request and approve in writing or by site verification the number of taps for sampling. 40 CFR 141.80(c)(3)(v); 141.86 (c) One time

Specify sampling locations when a system is conducting reduced monitoring. 40 CFR 141.86(c) As necessary

Notify the system in writing when

the State determines that a system is eligible to commence reduced monitoring. 40 CFR 141.86(d)(4)(ii) & (iii) As necessary

Notify s ystem of alternate period for collecting reduced lead and copper tap samples. 40 CFR 141.86(d)(4)(iv)(B) As necessaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

27 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

Document in writing the decision and rationale for invalidating a sample. 40 CFR 141.86(f)(3) As necessary

Notify the system in writin g of its

waiver determination and the

conditions of the waiver. 40 CFR 141.86(g)(3) As necessary

Notify a system if its waiver has

been revoked. 40 CFR 141.86(g)(5)(iii) As necessary

Review additional monitoring data and reports from systems

that have ex ceeded the lead

action level. 40 CFR 141.86(d)(4)(vi)(B) As necessary

Report to EPA the following information related to each system’s compliance with lead and copper requirements:

For each large and medium PWS, all 90th percentile lead

levels calcula ted during each monitoring period, and the first and last day of the monitoring period for which the 90th percentile lead level was

calculated. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(A) Quarterly

For each small PWS, the 90th percentile lead level calculated during each monitoring period in which the systems exceeds the lead action level, and the first and last day of each monitoring period in which an exceedance

occurred. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(B) Quarterly

For each PWS, the 90th percentile copper level calculated

du ring each monitoring period in which the system exceeds the copper action level, and the first and last day of each monitoring period in which an exceedance

occurred. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(C) Quarterly

For each PWS for which the State has designated op timal water quality parameters or

which the State has deemed to have optimized corrosion control,

the date of the determination and the paragraph(s) under which the

State made its determination. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(D) Quarterly

For each PWS required to begin replacing lead service lines (LSLs), the date each system must begin replacement. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(E) Quarterly

For each PWS that has implemented optimal corrosion 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(F) QuarterlyDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

28 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

control, completed applicable

source water treatment requirements or com pleted lead service line replacement (LSLR) requirements and the date of the

State's determination that these requirements have been met. Recordkeeping Maintain records of currently applicable or most recent State

de terminations, including all supporting information and explanation of technical basis for

each decision. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8) 12 years

For any system deemed to be optimized, maintain records of any conditions imposed by the

State to ensure the continued

op eration and maintenance of CCT in place. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(i) 12 years

Maintain records of decisions to require a system to conduct CCT

studies. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(ii) 12 years

Maintain records of designations of optimal CCT. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(iii) 12 years

Maintain records of designations of optimal WQPs. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(iv) 12 years

Maintain records of decisions to modify a PWS’s optimal CCT or
WQPs. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(v) 12 years

Maintain records of

determinations of source water

treatmen t. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(vi) 12 years

Maintain records of designations of maximum permissible

concentrations of lead and copper in source water. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(vii) 12 years

Maintain records of determinations establishing

shorter LSLR schedules. 40 CF R 142.14(d)(8)(viii) 12 years

Maintain records of

determinations of additional monitoring requirements and/or other actions required to maintain optimal corrosion control by systems monitoring for lead and copper at the tap less frequently than once every six months that change treatment or add a new

source of water. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(ix) 12 years

Maintain records of system

specific decisions regarding the content of written public 40 CFR 1 42.14(d)(8)(x) 12 yearsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

29 Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency/Retention Period

education materials and/or the

distribution of these materials. Maintain records of system

specific determinations regarding

use of non

- first

- draw samples at
NTNCWSs and CWSs that operate 24 hours a day. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(xi) 12 years

Maintain records of system

specific designations of samp ling locations for systems subject to reduced monitoring. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(xii) 12 years

Maintain records of system

specific determinations pertaining to alternative sample collection periods for systems subject to reduced monitoring. 40 CFR 142.14(d)( 8)(xiii) 12 years

Maintain records of determinations of small system monitoring waivers, waiver recertifications, and waiver

revocations. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(xiv) 12 years

Maintain records of determinations regarding representative entry point

locations at ground water systems. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(xv) 12 years

Maintain records of reports and any other information submitted by PWSs. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(9) 12 years

Maintain records of State activities to verify compliance

with State determinations. 40 CFR 1 42.14(d)(10)(i) 12 years

Maintain records of State activities to verify compliance with the requirements related to partial LSLR and compliance with

LSLR schedules. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(10)(ii) 12 years

Maintain records of State

activities to invalidate ta p water lead and copper samples. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(10)(iii) 12 years

Maintain records of each system’s currently applicable or most recently designated monitoring requirements. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(11) 12 years or until a new decision, determination, or desi gnation has

been issued

4(b)(ii) Respondent Activities

PWSs and primacy agencies must complete the activities described in the sections below.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

30 Public Water Systems

In general, each PWS is required to monitor for compliance with the MCLs or MRDLs established in 40 CFR Part 141, Subpart B. Owners and operators are required to report laboratory results to the State at frequencies specified in EPA regulations. In addition, they are required to record, maintain, and report the analytical results of these monitoring efforts in accordance with 40 CFR Part 141, Subparts C and D. General activities carried out by PWSs implementing the chemical regulations addressed in this ICR include

—

Planning activities associated with rule implementation (e.g., sch eduling monitoring). Gathering information (i.e., identifying sample sites and taking samples). Creating information by conducting tests on samples collected. Processing, compiling, and reviewing information created. Developing and distributing reports and other documents. Recording and maintaining the information.

Specific activities are described in Exhibit 2.

Primacy Agencies

States are currently required to maintain records of State verification activities and each determination made and to report t o EPA through SDWIS in accordance with State reporting requirements (§142.14).

Primacy agencies ensure the implementation of the rules covered by this ICR. To meet their responsibilities, the primacy agencies conduct the following activities: 7

Coordin ate with EPA. Notify systems of requirements.

Make compliance determinations.

Provide technical assistance to PWSs.

Maintain data management systems.

Establish the monitoring schedules.

Review plans and specifications.

Enter monitoring and enforcement data

. Keep records and supporting information, including State determinations and explanations for technical decisions regarding rule implementation.

Following is a detailed description of monitoring and other data collection and reporting requirements for e ach of the drinking water rules included in this ICR (see also Exhibit 3)

.

7 Some of the general activities conducted by States are included in the PWSS Program ICR (OMB 2040

- 0090).Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

31 1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

The Stage 1 DBPR applies primarily to community water systems (CWSs) and nontransient noncommunity water systems (NTNCWSs) t hat add a chemical disinfectant anywhere in the treatment process. Transient noncommunity water systems (TNCWSs) that add a disinfectant are subject to requirements on chlorine dioxide only. The rule

—

Sets the MCL for total trihalomethanes (§141.64).

Se ts MCLs for haloacetic acids (HAA5), bromate, and chlorite (§141.64).

Sets MRDLs for chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide (§141.65).

Sets treatment techniques (enhanced coagulation and enhanced softening) for DBP precursors (§141.135).

Establishes B est Available Technologies (BATs) for controlling disinfection byproducts and disinfectants (§141.64 and §141.65, respectively).

The information collection requirements necessary to comply with these requirements include monitoring, reporting, and record keeping requirements. In general, systems must report the number of samples and the location, date, and results of each sample taken in the last monitoring period . For many of the DBPs and disinfectants, systems must also calculate the running annual avera ge of sample results to determine compliance with the MCL or MRDL. Note that compliance monitoring for the Stage 2 DBPR begins during this ICR period; compliance dates vary depending on system size . The Stage 2 DBPR changes the way compliance with the MCLs for TTHM and HAA5 is calculated

— for systems that take samples at more than one location, the MCL is now calculated based on a running annual average at each sampling location rather than by averaging the sampling results at different locations. For some

s ystems monitoring requirements, including frequency and location, may also change. Other Stage 1 DBPR requirements remain unchanged.

MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS (MCLs)

Total Trihalomethane ( TTHM ) and HAA5 MCLs

(a) Small Subpart H 8 Systems Serving Fewer Than 500 People

Routine Monitoring (§141.132). CWSs and NTNCWSs must take one sample per plant per year for both total trihalomethane ( TTHM ) and HAA5. Reduced Monitoring (§141.132). No reduced monitoring is allowed. Compliance Requirements (§141.133). I f the average of samples taken during the year exceeds the MCL, the system must increase monitoring to one sample per plant per quarter. Compliance with the MCL is based on an annual arithmetic

average.

8 Subpart H systems include all PWSs using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water as a source (40 CFR 141.2).Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

32 (b) Small Subpart H Systems Serving 500

- 9,999 People

Routine Monitoring (§141.132). CWSs and NTNCWSs must take one sample per plant per quarter for both TTHM and HAA5. Reduced Monitoring (§141.132). Systems with annual average TTHM < 0.040 mg/L and HAA5 < 0.030 mg/L and source water total organic carbon (TOC) < 4.0 mg/L prior to treatment may reduce monitoring to one sample per plant per year. If a system exceeds 0.060 mg/L or 0.045 mg/L for TTHM or HAA5 respectively, it must revert to routine monitoring.

(c) Large Subpart H Systems Serving at Least 10,000 People

Routine Monitoring (§141.132). CWSs and NTNCWSs must take four samples per plant per quarter for both TTHM and HAA5. Reduced Monitoring (§141.132). Systems with annual average TTHM < 0.040 mg/L and HAA5 < 0.030 mg/L and source water TOC < 4.0 mg/L prior to treatment may reduce samples to one sample per plant per quarter. If a system exceeds 0.060 mg/L or 0.045 mg/L for TTHM or HAA5 respectively, it must revert to routine monitoring.

(d) Small Ground Water Systems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People

Routine Monitoring (§141.132). CWSs and NTNCWSs must take one sample per plant per year for both TTHM and HAA5. Reduced Monitoring (§141.132). Systems with annual average TTHM < 0.040 mg/L and HAA5 < 0.030 mg/L for 2 consecutive years or TTHM < 0.020 / HAA5 < 0.015 for one year may reduce samples to one sample per plant per three

- year monitoring cycle. Compliance Requirements (§141.133). If the average of samples taken during the year exceeds the MCL, the system must increase monitoring to one sample per plant per quarter. Compliance with the MCL is based on an annual arithmetic

average.

(e) Large Ground Water Systems Serving at Least 10,000 People

Routine Monitoring (§141.132). CWSs and NTNCWSs must take one sample per plant per quarter for both T THM and HAA5. Reduced Monitoring (§141.132). Systems with annual average TTHM < 0.040 mg/L and HAA5 < 0.030 mg/L may reduce samples to one sample per plant per year. If a system exceeds 0.060 mg/L or 0.045 mg/L for TTHM or HAA5 respectively, it must reve rt to routine monitoring.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

33 Chlorite MCL

Chlorite is an inorganic DBP formed when drinking water is treated with chlorine dioxide. The MCL for chlorite is 1.0 mg/L. CWSs and NTNCWSs that use chlorine dioxide must conduct chlorite monitoring.

Routine Da ily Monitoring (§141.132). Systems must take daily samples at the entrance to the distribution system. If any sample exceeds the MCL, the system must take additional samples the following day at the following three locations: 1) as close as possible to t he first customer; 2) a location representative of average residence time; and 3) a location reflecting the maximum residence time. Reduced Daily Monitoring (§141.132). There is no reduced daily monitoring

for chlorite. Routine Monthly Monitoring (§141.13 2). Each month, systems must take one sample at three following distribution system locations. Reduced Monthly Monitoring (§141.132). After one year of routine monitoring, systems may reduce to one three

- sample set per quarter if the MCL

has not been exc eeded during that year by any individual sample and the system has not been required to take any follow

- up samples. A system may remain on reduced monitoring if all three of the individual chlorite samples do not exceed the MCL. If a system conducting re duced monitoring exceeds the MCL and the daily sample does not exceed the MCL, it must revert to routine monitoring.

Bromate MCL

Bromate is one of the principal byproducts of ozonation in source water containing bromide. The MCL for bromate is 0.010 mg /L. CWSs and NTNCWSs that use ozone for disinfection or oxidation must conduct bromate monitoring.

Routine Monitoring (§141.132). Systems must take one sample per month for each plant using ozone at the entrance to the distribution system while the

ozon ation system is operating under normal conditions. Reduced Monitoring (§141.132). A system may take one sample per plant per quarter if its annual average source water bromide concentration is less than 0.05 mg/L, based on a monthly measurement. If the r unning annual average bromide concentration is >0.05 mg/L the system must revert to routine monitoring. The system must continue to monitor for bromide if it wishes to remain on reduced bromate monitoring.

MAXIMUM RESIDUAL DISINFECTANT LEVELS (MRDLs)

Disinfectants are added during water treatment to control waterborne microbial

contaminants. Some residual disinfectants will remain in water after treatment. MRDLs protect public health by setting maximum limits on the level of residual disinfectants in drinking water while setting a level that protects public health.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

34 Chlorine and Chloramines MRDLs

Chlorine is a widely used disinfectant. The MRDL for chlorine is 4.0 mg/L. Chloramines are formed when ammonia is added during chlorination to suppress f ormation of many byproducts. The MRDL for chloramines is 4.0 mg/L (measured as Cl 2 ).

Routine Monitoring (§141.132). CWSs and NTNCWSs must take samples for the residual disinfectant levels at the same points in the distribution system and at

the same ti me as total coliform samples (Subpart H systems are already taking these samples under the SWTR). Reduced Monitoring (§141.132). There is no reduced monitoring for chlorine

and chloramines.

Chlorine Dioxide MRDL

Chlorine dioxide is used primarily for t he oxidation of taste

- and odor

- causing organic compounds in water

. About 60 to 70 percent of the chlorine dioxide is converted to chlorite in the treatment process. This provision applies to CWSs, NTNCWSs, and TNCWSs.

Routine Monitoring (§141.132). Sy stems must take a daily sample at the entrance to the distribution system. If any sample exceeds the MRDL, the system must take three additional samples the following day in the distribution system. Reduced Monitoring (§141.132). There is no reduced moni toring for chlorine

dioxide.

DBP P RECURSORS

Subpart H systems employing conventional filtration must monitor for TOC and alkalinity in their source and finished water. These samples determine treatment technique requirements.

Routine Monitoring (§141 .132). Systems must take one paired sample per

month of TOC in source water and treated water. These samples must be taken simultaneously. Additionally, systems must take one alkalinity sample per month at the same time as the source water TOC sample.

R educed Monitoring (§141.132). Systems may take one paired sample per quarter if their average treated water TOC is less than 2.0 mg/L for two consecutive years or less than 1.0 mg/L for one year. The alkalinity sample is

taken at the same time. If the a verage treated water TOC in these systems is > 2.0 mg/L, they must revert to routine monitoring.

MONITORING PLANS

Under the Stage 1 DBPR, each system required to conduct monitoring must develop and implement a monitoring plan (§141.132). The system must maintain its plan and make itDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

35 available to the public and State. The State may require changes in any element of the system’s monitoring plan.

2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfectant Byproducts Rule

The Stage 2 DBPR builds on the 1998 Stage 1 DBPR by requ iring reduced levels of disinfectant byproducts (DBPs) in distribution systems. The Stage 2 DBPR is designed to reduce DBP occurrence peaks in the distribution system by changing compliance monitoring requirements and compliance determination. The numeri cal maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for the Stage 2 DBPR are the same as for the Stage 1 DBPR MCLs. However, with Stage 2, the TTHM and HAA5 MCLs must be met at each monitoring location, while Stage 1 requires a system to average results over all monitor ing locations. Note that in some cases the Stage 2 monitoring requirements and locations will change, but in others they will be the same as in Stage 1.

Each rule activity is described below. Implementation activities and initial distribution system eval uations, along with Stage 2 monitoring plans, were completed during the previous ICR period.

Systems

Most PWSs will be involved in the following collection activities:

Additional Routine Monitoring

Under Stage 2, some systems may not need to conduct a ny additional monitoring on top of what they do for Stage 1 , although their monitoring locations may change . However, many systems
will be required to conduct additional monitoring

. This additional monitoring will begin during this ICR period and is based on the monitoring plan submitted during the previous ICR period

. The compliance date varies based on system size and other factors. Systems will:

• Assess the change in the number of samples to be collected from the Stage 1 to the Stage 2 DBPR

• Conduct addi tional routine monitoring

• Determine if provisions for reduced monitoring are satisfied

• Determine if increased monitoring for small systems is required

Operational Evaluations

A system exceeds an operational evaluation level at any monitoring location when the ―sum of the two previous quarters’ compliance monitoring results plus twice the current

quarter ’ s result at one location, divided by 4, exceeds 80 μg/L for TTHM or 60 μg/L for HAA5.‖ If an operational evaluation level is exceeded, systems must:Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

36 • Conduct an operational evaluation

• Compile and submit a written report to the State no later than 90 days after being notified of the analytical result that resulted in the operational evaluation level

exceedances

States

State officials serve as responde nts when reporting compliance data to EPA. States are currently required to maintain records of verification activities and each determination made and report to EPA through SDWIS.

States are anticipated to be involved in several activities as describ ed below. Note that state review of IDSE reports and proposed monitoring plans was completed during the previous ICR period.

Additional Routine Monitoring

Review and evaluate monitoring data submitted by systems

Operational E valuations

Review operati onal evaluations from systems

Recordkeeping

In addition to existing recordkeeping requirements, States must follow new Stage 2

- specific recordkeeping requirements in §142.14 (a)(8) , keeping records for the time specified :

Any decisions made pursuant to IDSE and Stage 2 DBPR site requirements, until replaced or revised

Records of IDSE reports and 40/30 certifications and any modifications required by the State, until replaced or revised.

Operational evaluations submitted by a system, for 10 years foll owing submission.

3) Chemical Phase Rules

The chemical monitoring requirements apply only to CWSs and NTNCWSs, except that transient noncommunity water systems (TNCWSs) must sample for nitrate and nitrite. Monitoring requirements follow the standardized m onitoring framework ( SMF ) schedule established by the rule. Under the SMF, 9

- year compliance cycles were established; the firstDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

37 cycle lasted from January 1, 1993 to December 31, 2001 ; t he second cycle began on January 1,
2002, and ends on December 31, 201 0 ; and the third cycle began January 1, 2011 and will end
December 31, 2019

. Each nine

- year cycle consists of three, 3

- year compliance periods (e.g., from January 1, 2011 , to December 31, 2013 ; from January 1, 2014 , to December 31, 2016 ; and from January 1, 2017 , to December 31, 2019 ).

The compounds and contaminants addressed by the Chemical Phase Rules are listed in

Exhibit 4 . A more detailed description of the monitoring requirements for inorganic compounds ( IOC s) , volatile organic compounds (VOCs) , and synthetic organic compounds (SOCs) follow s

.

Exhibit 4 Regulated Organic Compounds and Inorganic Chemicals

Phase of Regulation Inorganic

Contaminants Synthetic Organic Compounds Volatile Organic Compounds

Phase I 9 N/A N/A Benzene

Carbon tetrachlor ide

p

- Dichlorobenzene Trichloroethylene Vinyl Chloride
1,1,1

- Trichloroethane
1,1

- Dichloroethylene
1,2

- Dichloroethane

Phase II Asbestos
Cadmium

Chromium

Fluoride Mercury

Nitrate

Nitrite
Selenium Alachlor

Atrazine

Carbofuran

Chlordane Ethylene dibromide

DB CP Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide

Lindane Methoxychlor Toxaphene Polychlorinated byphenyl
2,4

- D 2,4,5

- TP (Silvex) cis

- 1,2

- Dichloroethylene Ethylbenzene

Monochlorobenzene

o

- Dichlorobenzene Styrene Tetrachloroethylene

Toluene

trans

- 1,2

- Dichloroethylene Xylene s 1,2

- Dichloropropane

Phase IIB Barium Pentachlorophenol N/A

Phase V Antimony Beryllium Cyanide Nickel (remanded)

Thallium Benzo(a)pyrene Dalapon Di(2

- ethylhexyl)

- adipate Di(2

- ethylhexyl)

- phthalate

Dinoseb Diquat

Endothall

Endrin Glyphosate

Hexachlorob enzene Dichloromethane
1,1,2

- Trichloroethane
1,2,4

- Trichlorobenzene

9 The Phase I rule contaminants were included for completeness. However, the Phase II rule superseded the Phase I rule. Some of the Phase I unregulated contaminants became regulated under Phase II and additional contaminants were added to the list of unregulated contaminants.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

38 Phase of Regulation Inorganic

Contaminants Synthetic Organic Compounds Volatile Organic Compounds Hexachlorocyclopentadiene Oxamyl

Picloram
Simazine
2,3,7,8

- TCDD (Dioxin)

Arsenic Rule Arsenic NA NA

INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

This section summarizes the IOC monitoring requirements for most of the first 3

- year compliance period of the third compliance cycle ( which beg an on January 1, 2011 ), as described in 40 CFR 141.23(c). For the purposes of monitoring requirements, the IOCs regulated under
Phases II and IIB are asbestos, barium, cad mium, chromium, fluoride, mercury, nitrite, nitrate, and selenium. The IOCs regulated by Phase V are antimony, beryllium, cyanide, and thallium. The MCL for nickel, which was initially i ncluded as part of Phase V, was remanded on February
9, 1995. This me ans that, while many water suppliers continue to monitor nickel levels in their water, there is currently no EPA legal limit on the amount of nickel in drinking water. Arsenic was regulated under the 1976 standards for IOCs but is now addressed separately in the Arsenic

Rule.

During each 3

- year compliance period, ground water systems must take one sample at each sampling point. Surface water systems must take one sample annually at each sampling point. If results from any sampling events are above the MCL, the PWS must begin quarterly sampling during the next calendar quarter. The PWS must continue quarterly sampling until the State determines that the samples are reliably and consistently below the MCL based on at least two consecutive quarterly sampl es for ground water systems and four consecutive quarters for surface water systems. Once the samples are reliably and consistently below the MCL, ground water systems are then required to sample triennially, and surface water systems must sample annually

.

After three consecutive sampling rounds in which sampling results are below the MCL

, a PWS may apply to the State for a waiver. Should the State grant a waiver, the PWS is required to sample only once every nine years. IOC waivers must be renewed ev ery nine years. Waivers are not available for nitrate or nitrite monitoring.

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

This section summarizes VOC monitoring requirements for most of the first 3

- year compliance period of the third compliance cycle, as described in 4 0 CFR 141.24(f).

For VOCs, surface water systems must take one sample annually at each sampling point. During each three

- year compliance period, ground water systems must take one sample at each sampling point (after initially sampling annually) . If an y sample exceeds the method detection limit (MDL) of 0.0005 mg/l, the PWS must begin quarterly monitoring during the next calendar quarter. Quarterly sampling must continue until the State determines that the samples areDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

39 reliably and consistently below th e MCL based on at least two consecutive quarterly samples for ground water systems and four consecutive quarters for surface water systems. However, if the detection that triggered the increased sampling exceeds the MCL, the PWS must take a minimum

of fou r consecutive quarterly samples, regardless of whether it is served by ground water or surface water. Once the samples are reliably and consistently below the MCL, the State may reduce the sampling frequency to once per year, provided repeat sampling is c onducted during the calendar quarter that previously yielded the highest analytical result.

Systems may apply to the State for a waiver after initial monitoring provided VOCs are

not detected . The maximum waiver period for ground water sampling point s is six years. The initial waiver must be renewed within the first three years of issuance, but subsequent waivers may be renewed at the end of the six

- year period. A ground water system must collect one sample within the first compliance period and at least one sample during each six

- year waiver period. For surface water systems, the maximum waiver period is three years, but there is no minimum Federal sampling frequency. The State determines the sampling schedule for surface water systems with a thre e

- year waiver.

SYNTHETIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

This section summarizes the SOC monitoring requirements for the first 3

- year compliance period of the third compliance cycle

, as described in 40 CFR 141.24(h).

Systems serving more than 3,300 people are requ ired to take two SOC samples every three years. For systems that serve fewer than 3,300 people, one sample is required every three years. If a contaminant is detected at any sampling point, the water system must begin quarterly sampling during the next c alendar quarter. Quarterly sampling must continue until the State determines that the samples are reliably and consistently below the MCL based on at least two consecutive quarterly samples for ground water systems and four consecutive quarters for

surfac e water systems. However, if the detection that triggered the increased sampling exceeds the MCL, then the PWS must take a minimum of four consecutive quarterly samples, regardless of whether it is served by ground water or surface water. Once the sample s are reliably and consistently below the MCL, the State may reduce the sampling frequency to once per year, provided repeat sampling is conducted during the calendar quarter that previously yielded the highest analytical result.

After three years of annual monitoring without SOC detections, systems may apply for a waiver. Waivers are effective for one compliance period (i.e., three years). They must be renewed in each subsequent compliance period, or the system must return to the sampling frequency specified for its size. Under Federal regulations, systems with a waiver are not required to sample.

4) Radionuclides Rule

On December 7, 2000, EPA promulgated a revised radionuclides regulation. The revised rule completely supersedes the requirements est ablished in the original 1976 Rule. The Radionuclides Rule, which is applicable only to CWSs, revised and amended 40 CFR Parts 141

and 142 and

—Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

40 Sets an MCLG of zero for all radionuclides. Maintains the 1976 gross alpha MCL of 15 PicoCuries per liter ( pC i/L ) (which

includes combined radium

- 226/

- 228 and excludes uranium and radon). Maintains the 1976 MCL of 5 pCi/L for combined radium

- 226 and radium

- 228. Maintains the 1976 beta particle and photon radioactivity MCL of 4 mil l irem per year ( mrem

/yr)

. Sets an MCL of 30 μg/L for uranium. Establishes separate monitoring requirements for radium

- 226 and radium

- 228. Maintains the beta/photon screening levels set in the 1976 Rule for vulnerable systems (as deemed by the State). Surface water systems serving greater than 100,000 persons will no longer be required to monitor unless they are deemed

vulnerable. Revises sampling, compliance, and monitoring waivers to SMF at entry points to the distribution system. States will have discretion in grandfathering existing

d istribution system data for determining initial monitoring baselines.

5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the SWTR 10

As mentioned earlier, the majority of the SWTR requirements, with the exception of

disinfection residual mon itoring, are addressed in the Microbial Rules ICR. Specific disinfectant residual monitoring required by the SWTR and covered under this ICR includes the following

–

Periodic disinfection residual monitoring from the distribution system for Subpart H sys tems. (§141.74 (b)(6)(i) for unfiltered systems and §141.74(c)(3)(i) for systems that filter). Continuous disinfectant residual monitoring at entry points into the distribution system. (§141.74 (b)(5) for unfiltered systems and §141.74(c)(2) for systems th at filter) 11

. Calculation of inactivation ratios for unfiltered systems using contact time (CT) values (§141.74 (b)(3)) 12

.

6) Arsenic Rule

The Arsenic Rule was promulgated January 22, 2001

, and requires that CWSs and NTNCWSs follow the SMF. As previously de scribed for the Chemical Phases Rule, the SMF is

conducted within the schedule of a 9

- year compliance cycle. The compliance cycle is subsequently composed of three, 3

- year periods.

10 Includes only the rule components relating to disinfectant residual monitoring. The remaining SWTR requirements are included in the Microbial Rules ICR.

11 Systems t hat serve 3,300 or fewer people may take grab samples in lieu of providing continuous monitoring.

12 CT is the product of residual disinfectant concentration (C) in mg/l determined before or at the first customer, and the corresponding disinfectant contact time (T) in minutes. If a PWS applies disinfectants at more than one point prior to the first customer, it must determine the CT of each disinfectant sequence before or at the first customer to determine the total percent inactivation or total inactivati on ratio.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

41 Routine Monitoring

Groundwater systems must take a sample at each ent ry point to the distribution system once every three years; surface water systems must sample at each entry point annually. Triggered monitoring as a result of a violation requires the system to monitor quarterly beginning in the next quarter after the vi olation has occurred. Only after a system has taken two consecutive groundwater samples or four consecutive surface water samples and the State has determined that the system is ―reliably and consistently‖ below the MCL (40 CFR 141.23(c)(8)) may the syste m return to routine monitoring.

The rule also allow s systems to receive nine

- year monitoring waivers. During the waiver period, a system must take a minimum of one sample. In order to receive a waiver, a system must demonstrate that during the previous three rounds of monitoring all results were less than the current MCL and there was adequate source protection.

7) Lead and Copper Rule

CWS and NTNCWS owners and operators are required to comply with the LCR. In general, the LCR requires each of these wa ter systems to undertake the following activities 13 :

Plan monitoring and other activities. Provide training to appropriate staff and to residents collecting samples. Identify appropriate sampling sites and collect samples. Review sample data, including the calculation of lead and copper 90th percentile

levels. Submit to the State monitoring data and any other documents or reports.

Record and maintain information.

In addition, some systems must submit corrosion control studies, recommend and submit

informat ion regarding the completion of CCT or source water treatment installation, conduct public education, or conduct LSL monitoring, notification, and replacement.

The short term revisions to the LCR apply to CWS and NTNCWS owners and operators

, as with th e LCR. In addition to the LCR requirement s, the revisions require systems to undertake the following activities:

 Take additional tap samples for lead if the lead action level of 0.015 mg/L is

exceeded.

 Provide revised public education materials according to revised delivery requirements

if the lead action level is exceeded , including a statement on lead in the CCR

.

 Notify the State before making long term treatment changes.

 Notify customers of results of samples taken at their homes

.

13 For existing systems, some of these requirements may not fall within the collection period for this ICR. See Appendix H for detail related to assumptions and burden calculations for these activities.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

42  Retest LSL s previousl y exempted from replacement if the lead action level is

exceeded

.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

43 

### 5 INFORMATION COLLECTED

— AGENCY ACTIVITIES, COLLECTION METHODOLOGY, AND INFORMATION

MANAGEMENT

5(a) Agency Activities

As part of its supervisory responsibility, EPA maintains SDWIS and evaluates SDWIS data to determine system compliance. EPA personnel also reformat, distribute, and store these data for a number of uses, including responding to Congressional and public inquiries. EPA also oversees the EPA Regional and State programs , provides technical assistance, and develops policies designed to ensure consistent program implementation. EPA officials serve as respondents when testifying to Congress on the PWSS Program or in the courts for enforcement

actions.

EPA’s requirement s are outlined in Exhibit 5 below. Most of the burden and costs for

these activities are addressed in the PWSS Program ICR (OMB No. 2040

- 0090). Section 5(a) of the PWSS Program ICR contains additional detail regarding the activities supported by the

coll ection of SDWIS data described above.

EPA will also conduct primacy activities in States and territories that do not have primacy. Specifically, EPA will be involved in the following activities

—

Mobilization, planning, and implementation. Training P WS and consultant staff. Analyzing and reviewing PWS data. Making determinations concerning PWSs. Compliance tracking. Recordkeeping.

However, b urden and costs for these activities are accounted for under the primacy agency burden (see Section 6).Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

44 Exhib it 5 EPA Requirements

Requirement Regulatory Citation Frequency

General Requirements (apply to all regulations)

For States and other entities for which the Agency maintains primacy, the Agency must maintain the records and perform the reporting activit ies required of

States. 40 CFR 142.14 and 142.15 As necessary

Review State request for approval of a program revision and notify State of determination regarding request. 40 CFR 142.12(d)(3) One time, as necessary

Stage 1 DBPR Subject to general req uirements as listed above. Stage 2 DBPR Subject to general requirements as listed above. Chemical Phase Rules (Phases II, IIB, and V) Subject to general requirements as listed above.

Radionuclides Subject to general requirements as listed above.

SW TR (only disinfection residual monitoring and associated activities) Subject to general requirements as listed above.

Arsenic Rule Subject to general requirements as listed above. Lead and Copper Rule Subject to general requirements as listed above.

5(b) Collection Methodology and Management

Under the PWSS Program, EPA will modify SDWIS and its data verification procedures to accommodate new violation data from all rules. EPA checks data quality by doing the following:

• Dev eloping standard operating procedures for each rule

• Editing the data submitted for content and required format in SDWIS

• Sending rejected data back to the States/Primacy Agencies for corrections

• Requiring the State/Primacy Agency to resubmit corrected da ta

• Auditing data submitted by the States/Primacy Agencies based on the EPA

protocol

• Reviewing State/Primacy Agency data annually for corrective actionsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

45 EPA defines information requirements and States/Primacy Agencies need to update the data in a predef

ined format. The public may access the violation data in SDWIS through the

Internet at http://water.epa.gov/scitech/datait/databases/drink/sdwisfed/howtoaccess data.cfm

.

5(c) Small Entity Flexibility

In developing chemical monitoring rules contained in this ICR, EPA considered the requirement of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act (SBREFA) to minimize

the burden of information collections on small entities. Small entities include ―small businesses,‖ ―small organizations‖ and ―small government jurisdictions.‖ These terms are

defined below 14

.

A small business is any business that is independently owned and operated and

not dominant in its f

ield, as defined by the Small Business Administration regulations under Section 3 of the Small Business Act.

A small organization is any non

- profit enterprise that is independently owned and operated and not dominant in its field.

A small governmental juri sdiction is the government of a city, county, town, township, village, school district, or special district that has a population of fewer than 50,000. This definition may also include Indian Tribes.

The major requirement under SBREFA is a regulatory fl exibility analysis of all rules that have a ―significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.‖ This ICR is not associated with new rules. Therefore, this ICR is not subject to the SBREFA.

However, EPA has made significant efforts to minimize the burden for all respondents, particularly for small entities. In setting both MCLs/MRDLs and monitoring requirements, EPA has been able to minimize burden for small entities in the following ways

—

1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection B yproducts Rule

EPA has taken steps to minimize the burden on small PWSs. These measures include lower monitoring frequency for small systems, reducing monitoring frequency for systems consistently and reliably below the MCLs and MRDLs, and extending the compliance date for small systems to five years after promulgation of the rule.

2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

Using information found in the Stage 2 Economic Analysis (EA) , along with additional
information from SDWIS, the Communit y Water System Survey (CWSS) , and the U.S. Census, EPA conducted a quantitative analysis of small system impacts as a result of the rule. Based on

14 These definitions were taken from §601 o f the Regulatory Flexibility A ct (RFA).Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

46 that analysis, EPA certified that the Stage 2 DBPR would not lead to significant economic impacts for a subs tantial number of small entities.

T he Agency took specific steps to minimize the burden of the IDSE on PWSs , for example. PWSs serving fewer than 500 people were waived from conducting the IDSE in most cases. NTNCWSs serving fewer than 10,000 people were not subject to the IDSE at all . Those small systems that were required to monitor as part of the IDSE had t aken fewer samples than did large systems. As with the Stage 1 DBPR, compliance monitoring requirements are also based on system size, and small sys tems take fewer samples than large systems.

3) Chemical Phase Rules

For the contaminants regulated under the Phase II regulation, the provisions established in the SMF are intended to minimize burden on small entities by allowing systems to composite

as man y as five samples and by allowing States to grant waivers, which reduce or eliminate monitoring requirements.

For Phase V chemicals, EPA has taken steps to minimize the burden on PWSs (in addition to the provisions listed for Phase II contaminants) by allowing systems serving fewer than 3,300 people to composite among different systems provided the five sample limit is maintained. Sample collection has also been simplified by allowing the same sampling locations

to be used for all source water

- related m onitoring.

4) Radionuclides Rule

The monitoring requirements for r adionuclides apply only to CWSs.

5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the SWTR

The rule allows systems serving 3,300 and fewer to substitute grab sampling for

c ontinuous disinfectant residual monitoring. This enables small systems to avoid capital costs associated with continuous monitoring equipment. Further, the number of daily grab samples required for measuring the disinfectant residual is directly related to the system’s size. Systems serving 500 or fewer people are required to take one sample, while systems serving 2,501 to 3,300 people are required to take four samples.

6) Arsenic Rule

In the Arsenic Rule, in order to assist small entities, States will g rant monitoring waivers to systems that are reliably and consistently below the MCL. These waivers will reduce the compliance cost for some small systems and will decrease the number of times a system must conduct routine monitoring. In addition, the mon itoring requirements still allow systems to composite up to five samples. Compositing samples allows systems to reduce the laboratory costs associated with monitoring.

7) Lead and Copper RuleDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

47 In developing the original Lead and Copper Rule, EPA considered SBREFA in an

attempt to minimize the burden of information collections on small entities. EPA later

determined that the LCR Minor Revisions would not have a significant impact on a substantial

number of small entities.

EPA recognizes that some water sys tems are small entities; therefore, the LCR reduced to the extent practicable and appropriate the burden on PWSs, especially smaller systems. The regulations include the following examples of reduced burden for small systems:

Different compliance or repo rting requirements or schedules that take into account the resources available to smaller water systems. Specifically, the LCR Short Term Revisions allow States to permit systems to take 1 sample per tap in systems that have fewer than 5 taps.

Consolidated or simplified compliance and reporting requirements. No unnecessary or redundant requirements.

5(d) Collection Schedule

Exhibit 6 contains a summary of the collection schedules for each rule. Given the wide range of phase

- in schedules for the resp ective rules, additional information may be obtained by consulting the individual rules for specific collection schedules.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

48 Exhibit 6

Collection Schedule 15

Rule Collection Commencement Disinfectant residual monitoring and

associated activities for the SWT R 1991/1993 (dep ending on filtration status)

Phase II 1993

Phase IIB 1993

Phase V 1996 Stage 1 DBPR 2002/2004 (depen ding on system size and source) Stage 2 DBPR 2006

Radionuclides Rule 2003

Arsenic Rule 2006/2007 (depending on source water )

Lead an d Copper Rule 1994

15 Collection schedule is based on the commencement of monitoring requirements. Startup activities are typically completed prior to these dates.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

49 

### 6 ESTIMATING BURDEN AND COST OF COLLECTION

This section estimates the burden and cost to PWSs, primacy agencies, and EPA for complying with drinking water information collection requirements associated with chemical

contaminant

- related rulemakings. These rulemakings include the following

—

1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule 2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule 3) Chemical Phase Rules 4) Radionuclides 5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associat ed Activities under the

Surface Water Treatment Rule 16

6) Arsenic Rule 7) Lead and Copper Rule 17

This section also discusses the assumptions used to estimate burden and costs and describes the change in annual burden, as compared with the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rul es ICR. This ICR updates the annual burdens and costs associated with these rulemakings for January 1, 2012 through December 31, 2014

.

EPA is committed to accurately characterizing the burden and costs of rules it promulgates. Consequently, EPA has ref ined some of the assumptions for calculating the burden and costs associated with implementing the drinking water regulations contained in this ICR. For this update, many assumptions were revised based on program changes and well

documented changes in som e data. To provide a comparable basis on which to calculate the requirements addressed by the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and to address inconsistencies, EPA applied uniform assumptions to all rules. The categories of assumptions are listed below.

Labor ra tes

— for PWSs, $ 2010 labor rate of $ 20

. 24 was obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) . An overhead rate of 60 percent was applied, resulting in an hourly rate of $ 32

. 38 . F or State s, $ 2010 labor rate of $ 27

. 37 was obtained

from the BLS . An overh ead rate of 60 percent was applied, resulting in an hourly rate of $ 43

. 79

. PWS inventory figures from the most recent frozen SDWIS database pull (October 2010 )

. Number of entry points

— data from the 2006 CWSS

. Number of plants

— data from the 2006 CWSS.

In addition, EPA revised some of the estimates of burden for particular activities (e.g., sampling, developing reports) to reflect consultations with representatives of PWSs and States (see section 3(c).

16 The remaining SWTR requirements are included in the Microbial Rules IC R.

17 Includes LCR Short

- term revisions.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

50 6(a) Respondent Burden

6(a)(i) Burden to Publ ic Wate r Systems

The annual PWS burden for January 1, 2012, through December 31, 2014, is estimated to be approximately 3.8 million hours. Exhibit 7 (at the end of Section 6(b)) shows the annual

burden hours on a rule

- specific basis. Wherever possible, activi ty

- level burden assumptions were carried forward from previous ICRs. However, if updated data were available (e.g., system

inventories , results of consultations on burden ), those data were used in burden calculations. Appendices B through H show the assu mptions and detailed burden calculations for each rule. The following further describes the bases for the burden estimates for each rule.

1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

Activities associated with the Stage 1 DBPR account for 0. 6 0 million annual burden hours. The assumptions used to calculate the Stage 1 DBPR burden are based largely on assumptions from the September 1998 Information Collection Request for the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Stage 1 Disinfectants an d Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 1 DBPR ICR). The burden for systems includes only monitoring. The specific burden for monitoring includes the following

—

Paired TTHM/HAA5 Alkalinity and paired TOC

Bromate

Chloride Dioxide Chlorite (both daily and monthly monitoring) Chlorine or chloramines (in the distribution system) 18

At this point, reduced monitoring burden has not been estimated for the above contaminants, with the exception of alkalinity and paired TOC monitori ng, which carried

forward reduce d monitoring rate estimates from the September 1998 Stage 1 DBPR ICR.

Note that compliance monitoring for TTHM and HAA5 under the Stage 2 DBPR begins during this ICR period. The ICR for the Stage 2 DBPR accounts for any additional monitoring that may be required on top of that already required for Stage 1, as discussed in the section

below.

Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the burden reported in the 2008

DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR. Detailed burden and cost calculations for the Stage 1 DBPR are provided in Appendix B.

18 Includes costs for ground water systems only. Disinfectant residual monitoring and associated activities for surface water systems are addressed by the SWTR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

51 2) Stage 2 Disinf

ectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

Over the 3 years covered by this ICR, the total national respondent burden to PWSs is

estimated at 0. 093 million labor hours, an annual average of 0. 0 3 1 million hours (see Exhibit 7 ). Note that rule implementation and IDSE activities were completed during the previous ICR period, as were Stage 2 compliance monitoring plans. The next two sections describe the burden

estimates for the current ICR period in greater detail.

Additional Routine Monitoring

Systems will begin conduct ing additional routine compliance monitoring during this ICR period

. This monitoring is in addition to monitoring required under the Stage 1 DBPR (note that many systems will not be subject to any additional mo nitoring). The burden for monitoring takes into account any changes in TTHM and HAA5 monitoring requirements resulting from the initial distribution system evaluation conducted during the previous ICR period. Large systems w ill begin compliance monitoring in Year 7 or 8 following promulgation

. If small PWSs conducted Cryptosporidium monitoring under the LT2ESWTR, compliance with the Stage 2 MCLs, with the sampling sites determined under the IDSE, will begin in Year 9 followin g promulgation. If

small PWSs did not conduct monitoring for the LT2ESWTR, they must comply with the Stage 2 MCLs with the sampling sites determined under the IDSE in Year 8 following promulgation.

E stimated costs and burden are presented in Exhibits 13a through 13c of Appendix C

.

Systems with Operational Evaluations

An operational evaluation must include an examination of distribution system operational practices and how these practi ces may be modified to reduce TTHM and HAA5 levels. Systems

must dis cuss their evaluations with the State. C osts for operational evaluations are presented in

Exhibit 13 of Appendix C . Systems with operational evaluations will incur costs in the year that the operational level is exceeded. This will begin once systems hav e 1 year worth of compliance monitoring data, which will occur between Years 7 and 9 following promulgation

.

3) Chemical Phase Rules

PWS a ctivities associated with the Chemical Phase Rules account for a burden of 0. 37 million hours per year. The burden est imate includes routine and reduced sampling for IOCs, VOCs, and SOCs under the schedules dictated by the SMF. The assumptions used to calculate the Chemical Phase Rule burden are based on assumptions from the 1993 PWSS Program ICR,

which maintained most a ssumptions and burden estimates from the individual ICRs for the Phase II, IIB, and V rules, with an adjustment to the waiver rate assumptions (in the 200 4 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR) to more accurately reflect actual waive r issuance rates. Section 6(f) des cribes the reasons for changes between the burden reported in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR. Appendix D summarizes the assumptions used to calculate the Chemical Phase Rule burden and provides the detailed burden and cost calculations.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

52 4) Radionuclides Rule

Annual PWS burden for the Radionuclides Rule is estimated to be 14,448 hours ; this is based on burden assumptions carried forward from the 200 0 Radionuclides Rule ICR.

Monitoring burden is for the following contaminants

—

Gross a l pha Beta and photon emitters

Combined r adium

- 226/

- 228

Uranium

Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the radionuclides burden reported

in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR . Calculations for burden and costs for

the Radionuc lides Rule are included in Appendix E.

5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the SWTR

As stated previo usly, this ICR includes burden estimates only for the disinfection residual monitoring and associated activities required un der the SWTR. The Microbial Rules ICR addresses the burden and costs for all other SWTR requirements. Implementation of the SWTR disinfection residual monitoring and associated activities is estimated to result in an annual PWS

burden of 1. 0 million hour s. Included in the estimate is burden for

—

Distribution system residual monitoring. Calculation of inactivation ratio using CT values for unfiltered systems

. Measurement of pH and temperature, as necessary to calculate CT

. Entry point residual monitorin g for filtered systems. Entry point residual monitoring for unfiltered systems.

Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the burden reported in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR. Appendix F summarizes the assumptions used to

c alculate the burden for disinfection residual monitoring and associated activities under SWTR and provides the detailed burden and cost calculations.

6) Arsenic Rule

This ICR addresses the burden and cost for arsenic monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping for 2012 through 2014

. PWSs monitor arsenic in accordance with the standard monitoring framework schedule . Implementation of the Arsenic Rule is estimated to result in an

annual PWS burden of 71,761 hours. Appendix G summarizes the assumptions used to c alculate burden for the Arsenic Rule and provides the detailed burden and cost estimates.

7) Lead and Copper Rule

The average annual respondent burden is 1. 7 million hours for reporting (including lead service line replacement reporting), recordkeeping, and public education activities of the LCRDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

53 (which includes the LCR short term revisions) . Only CWSs a nd NTNCWSs incur a burden associated with LCR requirements. The burden accounts for the provisions of the recent short

term revisions

, which require that sys tems :

 Take additional tap samples for lead if they are on reduced monitoring and the lead action level of 0.015 mg/L is exceeded.

 Provide revised public education materials according to revised delivery requirements
if the lead action level is exceeded, including a statement on lead in the CCR.

 Notify the State before making long term treatment changes.

 Notify customers of results of samples taken at customers’ homes.

 Retest lead service lines previously exempted from replacement if the lead action

level is exceeded.

Section 6(f) descri bes the reasons for changes between the burden reported in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR. Appendix H summarizes the assumptions used to calculate the burden for the Lead and Copper Ru le and provides the

detailed burden and cost estimates.

6(a)(ii) Burden to Primacy Agencies

The annual burden for primacy agencies is estimated to be approximately 1.9 million

hours. Exhibit 8 (at the end of Section 6(b)) shows the annual burden hour s on a rule

- specific basis. Many other State activities, such as compliance assurance and data management, cannot be divided among specific rules and are included in the PWSS Program ICR as general primacy activities. The following briefly describes the bases for the burden estimates

—

1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

The annual State burden for the Stage 1 DBPR is expected to be 0.15 million hours. This reflects data entry and recordkeeping burden. Section 6(f) describes the rea sons for changes between the Stage 1 DBPR burden reported in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR. Detailed calculations for burden and cost are shown in Appendix B.

2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule

The annual State burden for the Stage 2 DBPR is expected to be 5 0,822 hours. This reflects reporting and recordkeeping burden for maintain ing records and track ing compliance by

systems. States are assumed to have already completed their impleme ntation and IDSE oversight

activi ties

.

This burden also includes burden for reviewing operation evaluations

. EPA estimates the state burden for reviewing each operational evaluation to be 4 to 8 hours, depending on system

size.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

54 3) Chemical P hase Rules

For States, the annual burden assoc iated with the Chemical Phase Rules is estimated to be approximately 1 .4 million hours . This reflects reporting and recordkeeping burden for routine and reduced sampling for IOCs, VOCs, and SOCs under the schedules dictated by the SMF. Estimates for prim acy agency burden for the Chemical Phase Rules are based on State Workload

Model 19 a ssumptions carried forward from the 1993 PWSS Program ICR

. Note that the burden

hours associated with oversight of arsenic monitoring are discussed separately below . Sectio n 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the Chemical Phase Rules burden reported in the

2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR. Detailed calculations for burden and cost are shown in Appendix D

.

4) Radionuclides Rule

For the Radionuclides Rule , annual State burden is estimated to be 1,734 hours. The annual State burden is based on burden assumptions contained in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR. Burden is calculated for primacy agency staff for recordkeeping, reporting, and compliance tracki ng and analysis requirements , based on t he number of analyses conducted by PWSs. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the radionuclides burden reported

in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR. Calculations for cost and burden for the

Radionuclides Rule are included in Appendix E.

5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under SWTR

As stated previously, this ICR includes burden estimates for only the disinfection residual monitoring and associated activity c omponents of the SWTR. The Microbial Rules ICR

addresses the burden and costs for the other SW TR requirements. Implementation of the SWTR disinfection residual monitoring is expected to result in an annual State burden of 0. 15 million

hours. Included in this estimate is burden associated with reviewing data for

—

Distribution system residual monitoring. Calculation of inactivation ratio using CT values. Measurement of pH and temperature, as necessary to meet requirements. Entry point residual monitoring for filtered systems. Entry point residual monitoring for unfiltered systems.

Estimates for primacy agency burden for the SWTR are based on assumptions carried

forward from the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for chang es between the burden reported in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR. Detailed calculations for burden and cost are shown in Appendix F.

19 At the time of developing the 2012 DDBP / Chem/Rads R ules ICR

, the 1993 State Workload Model was under revision and new burden estimates were not yet available. New burden estimates from the revised State Workload Model will be incorporated into the subsequent DDBP / Chem/Rads Rules ICR

.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

55 6) Arsenic Rule

For the Arsenic Rule, ann ual State burden is estimated to be 18,765 hours. The annual

Stat e burden is based on assumptions carried forward from the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules

ICR and the 2000 Arsenic Rule ICR

. Burden is calculated for primacy agency staff for oversight

of monitoring activities . B urden is based on recordkeeping, reporting, and c ompliance tracking and analysis. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between burden reported in the 2008

DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and this ICR. Calculations for cost and burden for the Arsenic Rule are included in Appendix G.

7) Lead and Copper Rule

EPA estimates that the annual burden incurred by primacy agencies for activities associated with the lead and copper regulation is approximately 0. 22 million hours. This estimate includes costs for employing a corrosion control exp ert and costs to review various letters and results submitted by water systems in accordance with the LCR. It includes the
additional burden associated with the LCR short term revisions, which estimate that States will spend extra time reviewing systems’ plans for changing treatment or adding a new source. Further detail about these activities and associated burden and costs is provided in Appendix H.

6(b) Respondent Costs

6(b)(i) Cost to Public Water Systems

Exhibit 7 shows the annual costs for PWSs over the three

- y ear ICR period. Annual costs are estimated at approximately $ 35 0 million, which consists of $ 12 0 million in labor costs, $ 5.0 million in capital, and $ 2 2 5 million in O&M (numbers may not add due to rounding)

.

Labor costs are based on the number of bur den hours times the average hourly wage rate, including overhead. In addition to labor costs, there are O&M costs associated with the each of the rules covered by this ICR. These O&M costs reflect non

- labor costs associated with sample shipping and analys is for each of the rules (as well as material costs associated with public education materials and postage) . These costs vary by rule according to the frequency and cost of a particular analysis.

In addition to O&M costs, the requirements of one rule (i. e., SWTR) result in capital costs to affected PWSs. Capital costs are incurred to buy and replace monitoring equipment necessary for on

- site analysis of disinfectant residuals and water pH. Capital costs are based on

vendor estimates for both in

- line and portable equipment, as required by regulations. Equipment

costs are based on a seven

- year replacement cycle. Details on the labor, capital, and O&M costs associated with each rule can be found in Appendices B through H.

6(b)(ii) Cost to Primacy Agenci es

Exhibit 8 shows that the annual cost to primacy agencies is estimated at approximately $ 8 5 million, which is comprised almost exclusively of labor costs. There are some O&M costsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

56 associated with the Lead and Copper Rule ($ 7,324 ). There are no primacy agency capital costs

associated with this ICR.

Exhibit 7

Annual PWS Burden and Cost January 1, 2012

– December 31, 2014Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

57 Exhibit 8 Annual Primacy Agency Burden and Cost January 1, 2012

– December 31

, 2014

6(c) Agency Burden and Costs

Burden and costs to the Federal government are incurred by EPA’s drinking water program in Headquarters and EPA Regions to assist States in implementing drinking water regulations. EPA burden and costs for on

- going general activities for all EPA drinkin g water regulations (not just those listed in this ICR) are accounted for under the PWSS Program ICR. Burden and costs included in the PWSS Program ICR cover all cross

- cutting (non

- rule specific) regulatory activities associated with compliance tracking, regulatory enforcement, and rule development activities. 20

6(d) Estimating Respondent Universe and Total Burden and Costs

Respondents for this ICR include both PWSs and States or other primacy agencies. This ICR estimates that the number of PWS respond ents is 152,979 existing PWSs 21 . However, all PWSs are not necessarily subject to each of the information collection requirements contained in this ICR. The regulations associated with each rule id entify the numbers and types of PWSs that are subject to e ach particular provision. In addition to the PWS respondents, this ICR assumes

20 The EPA burden for a ctivities where EPA acts as a primacy agent counts as primacy agency burden and is included in totals for primacy agency burden.

21 Source: SDWIS/ FED Data from October 20 10

.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

58 57 primacy agencies (50 States plus D.C., U.S. Territories, and the Navajo Nation) 22 . Therefore,

the total number of res pondents is 153,036

.

The total costs and burden for these respondents are summarized in Exhibits 8 and 9

. EPA costs and burden are detailed in Section 6(c).

6(e) Bottom Line Burden Hours and Costs

The bottom line burden hours and costs appear in Exhibit 9 . The total annual respondent

burden associated with this ICR is estimated to be approximately 5. 7 million hours. The total annual respondent costs are estimated to be $ 4 3 6 million. The total national burden, including respondent burden and EPA burden, is estimated to be 5. 7 million hours annually. T he total national cost, for respondents and EPA, is estimated to be $ 4 3 6 million annually. The approximate annual O&M and capital costs are $ 2 3 0 million ($ 2 2 5 million for O&M and $ 5.0 million for capital (numbers may not add due to rounding ). This repres ents the ―cost burden‖ as reported in the OMB inventory.

22 This is a simplifying assumption. Primacy activities for Wyoming and the Distr ict of Columbia are actually implemented by the respective EPA Regional offices.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

59 Exhibit 9

Bottom Line Annual Burden and Cost ($K) January 1, 2012

– December 31, 2014

6(f) Reasons for Change in Burden

This section presents the change in burden and explains the reasons f or the change in burden. The discussion is divided into two parts

–

Section 6(f)(i) summarizes any restructuring adjustments being made for the

addition of new stand

- alone ICRs to the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR. See

Exhibit 11

.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

60 Section 6(f)(ii) summarizes other adjustments to the annual burden estimates

associated with each rule in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR. See Exhibits

1 3 through 1 5

.

Exhibit 10 summarizes how each of these changes has affected the overall burden inventory for the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR.

Exhibit 10 Summary of Changes in Annual Burden (Includes both PWS and Primacy Agency Burden)

6(f)(i) Restructuring Adjustments

No restructuring adjustments are being made for the addition of new stand

- alone ICRs to

the DDBP/Chem/Rad s Rules ICR , as shown in Exhibit 11 . In the next revision to the

DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR any burden from relevant standalone ICR s that have expired will be newly incorporated into the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

61 Exhibit 11 Restructuring Adjustments to the Annual Burden Inventory for the DDBP/Chem/Rads

Rules ICR (Includes both PWS and Primacy Agency Burden)

6(f)(ii) Other Burden Adjustments

Changes in calculated burden are a result of updating relevant baseline information for

each rule with th e most current and accurate information available (e.g., PWS inventories) and updating burden to incorporate the results of consultation with stakeholders . Where appropriate

and available , estimated violation, waiver, and other associated rates have also b een updated to

reflect current information on rule c ompliance. Exhibits 1 3 and 1 4 summarize reasons for these changes and quantify the changes by rule. Burden adjustments associated with PWS activities

resulted in a burden decrease of 0. 20 million hours and are detailed in Exhibit 12 . Burden adjustments for primacy agencies result in a dec rease of 0 .14 million hours per year, as sho wn in

Exhibit 13

.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

62 Exhibit 1 2 Adjustments to PWS Burden from Previous ICR EstimatesDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

63 Exhibit 13 Adjustments to Primacy Agency Burden from Previous ICR Estimates

Exhibit 1 4 shows the affect of these adjustments on the bottom line burden. Subtracting

0.14 million hours to account for the adjustmen t for the PWS burden and 0

. 20 million hours to

account for the downward adjustment for the primacy burden yields 5. 7 million hours. Activity Previous Annual

Burden Estimate
(hours) 2012 Annual

Burden Estimate
(Hours) Annual Change

in Burden
(Hours) Reason for Change in Annual Burden

Stage 1 DBPR 145,168 148,335 3,167 The increase in burden hours is attributable to the
use of updated system inventories and entry
points per system to calculate monitoring burden,
and State burden is based on system burden.

Stage 2 DBPR 29,511 50,822 21,311 The increase in burden hours is attributable to the
need for states to oversee compliance monitoring,
which begins in 2012.

Chemical Phases Rules
(Phases II/IIB/V) 1,354,532 1,354,532 0 The State burden for this rule is based on the State
Workload Model, which has not changed.

Radionuclides 4,233 1,734 (2,499) The d ecrease in burden is attributable to the fact
that many systems only have to monitor every 6 or
9 years and do not have to take samples during
this ICR period; State burden is based on system

burden.

Disinfectant Residual
Monitoring and

Associated Acti vities

under SWTR 319,174 150,462 (168,712) Because total SWTR primacy agency burden is
derived from the State Workload Model, a single
burden value is given for the SWTR. Therefore, in

order to estimate burden for SWTR activities

covered under this ICR, burden hours were
apportioned based on the relative proportion of

burden hours for PWS activities covered under

this ICR and the Microbial Rules ICR.

Arsenic Rule 28,210 18,765 (9,445) The decrease in burden is attributable to a
decrease in the system burden; state burden is
based on system burden. System burden
decreased due to a combination of updated system
inventories and entry points per system used to
calculate monitoring costs. Also, the number of
samples decreased from the previous ICR period;
the previous period included burden for systems
exceeding the MCL and taking quarterly samples
for a year before returning to compliance.

Lead and Copper Rule 202,855 222,157 19,302 The increase in burden is due to updates to and
QA of the model.

TOTAL 2,083,683 1,946,807 (136,876) Adjusted Primacy Agency Burden

Note: Detail may not add exactly to totals due to rounding.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

64 Exhibit 14 Adjustments to Annual Burden Carried Forward from Previous ICR Estimates (Includes both PWS and Primacy Agency Burden)

6(g) Burden Statement

The public reporting burden f or collections included in this ICR is detailed in Exhibit 14 above. The annual respondent b urden is estimated to average approximately 5. 7 million hours, of

which 3.8 million hours are attributable to PWSs and 1.9 million hours to primacy agencies (number s may not add due to rounding) . These estimates include time for gathering information as well as developing and maintain ing records.

Burden means the total time, effort, or financial resources expended by people to generate, maintain, retain, disclose , or provide information to or for a Federal agency. This includes the time needed to review instructions; develop, acquire, install, and utilize technology, and systems for the purposes of collecting, validating, and verifying information, processing and maintaining information, and disclosing and providing information; adjust the existing ways to comply with any previously applicable instructions and requirements; train personnel to be able to respond to a collection of information; search data sources; c omplete and review the collection of information; and transmit or otherwise disclose the information. An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a request for information collection unless it displays a currently vali d OMB control number. The OMB control numbers for EPA’s regulations are listed in 40 CFR Part 9 and 48 CFR Chapter 15.

To comment on the Agency's need for this information, the accuracy of the provided burden estimates, and any suggested methods for minim izing respondent burden, including the use of automated collection techniques, EPA has established a public docket for this ICR under

Docket ID Number EPA

- HQ

- OW

- 2011

- 0439

, which is available for online viewing at www.regulations.gov , or in person viewing at the Water Docket in the EPA Docket Center (EPA/DC), EPA West, Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC. The EPA Docket Center Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Reading R oom is (202) 566

- 1744, and the telephone number for the Water Docket is (202) 566

- 2426. An electronic version of the public docket is available at www.regulations.gov . This site can be used to submit or view public comments, to access the index listing of the contents of the public docket, and to accessDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

65 those documents in the public docket that are available electronically. When in the system , select ―search,‖ then key in the Docket ID Number identified above. Also, you can send comments to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, 725 17th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20503, Attention: Desk Office r for E PA. Please include the EPA

Docket ID Number (EPA

- HQ

- OW

- 2011

- 0439 ) and the OMB Control Number 2040

- 0204 in any correspondence.