Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 9,874 1,255 1,654 1,905 1,258 5,096 4,317

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 409 409 544 N 165 99 638

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 399 356 442 N 280 160 725

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 931 Q 345 Q 312 631 1,284

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 1,756 Q Q Q Q 803 578

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 2,690 Q Q Q 206 841 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 2,167 Q N Q Q 930 524

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 1,420 N Q 467 Q 1,185 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 Q N N 973 N Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 410 Q 281 Q Q Q 220

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 1,036 Q 138 Q Q Q 445

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 1,744 Q 194 318 Q 276 360

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 1,665 Q Q 304 Q 744 543

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 1,410 Q 227 556 197 840 900

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 1,284 188 182 358 164 980 361

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 1,546 281 327 161 416 807 1,080

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 778 Q Q Q Q 489 407

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 1,683 238 172 358 177 1,171 630

 New England .................................. 2,964 Q Q Q Q Q 374 Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 9,941 1,384 Q 127 310 Q 797 419

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 2,541 320 453 438 359 1,144 880

 East North Central .......................... 11,595 1,990 218 248 316 235 548 544

 West North Central ......................... 5,485 552 Q 206 Q Q 595 337

South ................................................ 23,489 3,983 487 764 838 438 1,694 1,844

 South Atlantic ................................. 12,258 2,445 223 433 469 280 939 897

 East South Central .......................... 3,393 341 Q 99 Q Q 368 353

 West South Central ......................... 7,837 1,198 Q 232 235 Q 387 594

West ................................................. 11,310 1,667 Q 265 270 283 1,087 963

 Mountain ......................................... 3,675 640 Q Q Q Q 438 210

 Pacific ............................................. 7,635 1,027 Q 232 176 147 649 753

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 1,537 271 227 262 213 768 710

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 2,800 368 400 450 334 1,314 865

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 1,403 Q 219 323 240 1,132 695

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 2,435 273 440 592 252 1,275 1,454

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 1,698 Q 366 278 218 608 592

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 3,696 961 937 Q 441 646 2,742

Two ................................................... 16,270 2,911 263 379 Q 428 950 932

Three ................................................ 7,501 1,639 Q 176 Q Q 618 416

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 1,585 Q Q 989 189 2,007 Q

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 Q N N 527 Q 875 Q

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Table B12. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Health Care

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 87

Released: June 2006

Next CBECS will be conducted in 2007
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 9,874 1,255 1,654 1,905 1,258 5,096 4,317

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Table B12. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Health Care

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 24,617 4,476 Q Q 1,813 532 3,377 584

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 8,221 2,690 Q Q Q 212 584 Q

 Two to Five ..................................... 10,129 1,767 N Q 413 257 2,033 Q

 Six or More ..................................... 6,268 Q N N 1,365 Q Q Q

Any Escalators .................................. 2,350 Q N Q Q Q Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 612 484 336 N Q 802 1,235

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 378 Q 413 N 254 437 828

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 740 Q 421 Q Q 1,023 755

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 2,565 Q 367 Q 312 1,049 440

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 2,928 Q Q Q Q 703 572

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 1,995 Q Q 379 304 562 333

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 655 N N 1,464 Q Q Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 663 Q 98 N Q Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 2,556 Q Q N 450 Q 469

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 2,942 Q 178 N 421 N 1,434

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 2,317 249 512 N Q Q 1,486

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 1,313 639 651 N Q Q 629

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 Q 252 Q 1,905 Q 5,054 Q

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 49,421 2,070 1,243 1,547 1,557 1,105 4,734 4,312

 Owner Occupied ............................. 23,591 1,232 541 489 911 700 1,624 2,020

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 23,914 839 702 1,058 646 405 3,110 2,292

 Unoccupied ..................................... 1,916 N N N N N N N

Government Owned .......................... 15,363 7,804 Q Q 348 Q 363 Q

 Federal ........................................... 1,956 Q N N Q Q Q Q

 State ............................................... 3,808 1,671 Q Q Q Q Q N

 Local ............................................... 9,599 6,067 Q Q Q Q Q N

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 N N N N N N N

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 N N N N N N N

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 1,328 Q 222 415 326 631 313

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 8,546 1,203 1,432 1,490 932 4,466 4,004

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 45,144 8,714 1,057 1,375 1,328 676 4,234 3,410

2 to 5 ................................................ 10,960 946 Q 246 361 374 783 630

6 to 10 .............................................. 1,958 Q N Q Q Q Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 1,951 N N N Q Q N Q

More than 20 ..................................... 2,609 N Q N Q Q N Q

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 2,161 N N N N N N N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 88

CONTINUED
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 9,874 1,255 1,654 1,905 1,258 5,096 4,317

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Table B12. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Health Care

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 40,048 4,232 1,109 1,390 397 867 2,859 3,610

College or University ......................... 3,480 1,549 N Q Q Q 369 Q

Primary or Secondary School ........... 3,947 3,437 N Q N Q Q N

Office Complex ................................. 2,712 Q Q N Q Q Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 1,238 N Q Q N N N 553

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 2,347 453 N Q N N Q N

Health Care Complex ........................ 2,303 Q N Q 1,482 326 309 N

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 912 Q N Q N N 799 Q

Government Complex ....................... 2,014 N N Q N Q N N

Other ................................................ 5,783 Q N Q N Q Q Q

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 32,817 7,229 559 1,047 1,131 874 3,054 1,341

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 10,832 1,265 342 263 428 Q 1,069 1,108

Concrete Panels ............................... 6,559 427 Q Q 201 Q Q 349

Siding or Shingles ............................. 4,120 437 Q 191 Q Q 466 403

Metal Panels ..................................... 7,912 176 Q Q Q Q N 1,087

Window Glass ................................... 1,024 Q N Q Q N Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,113 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 406 Q N Q Q N Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 21,170 3,901 360 477 980 384 1,571 1,236

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 10,195 1,287 301 332 Q 427 1,314 454

Metal Surfacing ................................. 11,944 1,002 Q 311 Q Q Q 1,345

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 14,730 2,829 274 315 770 266 1,182 925

Slate or Tile ...................................... 2,462 533 Q Q Q Q 250 Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 887 Q Q Q N Q Q Q

Concrete ........................................... 2,231 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 598 Q Q Q N N Q N

No One Major Type ........................... 565 Q Q Q Q Q N Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 17,844 3,787 351 517 1,155 275 1,339 926

 Addition or Annex ........................... 6,551 1,539 Q Q 880 Q 500 188

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 1,012 Q N Q Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 13,119 2,762 299 411 848 236 1,120 701

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 8,070 1,961 Q 151 572 Q 626 363

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 8,518 1,585 Q 149 805 180 523 434

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 10,768 2,636 Q 270 1,024 Q 854 478

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 10,275 2,592 Q 241 767 Q 748 488

 Window Replacement .................... 6,354 1,652 Q Q 411 Q 437 328

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 7,144 1,607 Q 201 634 Q 562 325

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 4,015 916 Q Q 280 Q Q 230

 Other Renovation ........................... 523 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 18,714 2,479 324 437 161 288 1,481 1,544

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 28,225 3,608 579 699 589 695 2,276 1,848

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 89

CONTINUED
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 9,874 1,255 1,654 1,905 1,258 5,096 4,317

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Table B12. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Health Care

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 9,871 1,237 1,654 1,905 1,258 5,096 4,317

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 7,045 747 1,396 1,805 739 4,256 2,866

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 1,864 Q Q 1,683 199 2,193 501

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 1,145 N Q 436 Q 345 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 768 N Q 279 Q Q Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 855 Q 220 329 Q 614 382

Other ................................................ 909 Q Q N Q N Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 9,755 1,131 1,608 1,905 1,195 4,994 4,075

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 9,200 1,198 1,583 1,899 1,258 4,841 4,079

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 9,481 1,130 1,654 1,905 1,255 5,096 3,459

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 6,402 677 1,611 1,819 Q 3,184 771

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 1,776 Q Q 1,648 214 1,831 504

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 1,787 Q 168 424 217 1,183 444

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 918 Q Q Q Q 662 279

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 382 Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 923 N Q Q Q 754 Q

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 1,855 567 675 386 400 1,065 2,049

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 1,500 Q 186 409 191 1,462 667

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 1,106 N Q 353 Q Q Q

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 5,171 Q 328 1,477 380 2,773 383

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 2,596 422 591 672 270 1,356 1,397

Other ................................................ 3,262 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 1,263 173 468 321 384 1,102 624

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 1,674 Q 217 412 213 1,172 471

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 804 Q Q 322 Q 651 304

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 382 Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 893 N Q Q Q 754 Q

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 2,607 Q 234 607 Q 2,306 564

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 768 N Q 279 Q Q Q

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 2,714 N Q 1,348 176 1,401 Q

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 4,318 784 988 1,108 585 2,003 2,723

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 Q Q Q Q N Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 Q Q Q Q N Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 2,519 298 498 418 262 1,703 1,121

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 3,445 378 608 893 333 2,026 1,346

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 90

CONTINUED
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 9,874 1,255 1,654 1,905 1,258 5,096 4,317

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Table B12. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Health Care

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 55,627 9,649 986 1,205 1,752 1,252 4,713 3,751

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 26,417 4,601 Q 381 1,566 688 2,178 1,324

Dedicated Servers ............................ 36,338 6,895 447 427 1,628 689 3,369 1,870

Laser Printers ................................... 33,012 6,487 596 660 876 632 2,858 2,293

Inkjet Printers .................................... 32,210 4,787 524 482 1,443 836 2,143 2,061

FAX Machines .................................. 52,373 8,740 901 1,135 1,901 1,184 4,384 3,761

Photocopiers ..................................... 46,257 8,786 592 347 1,876 1,104 3,686 2,626

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 9,156 225 269 448 Q Q 383 566

1 to 4 ................................................ 12,395 548 551 789 Q 255 911 1,637

5 to 9 ................................................ 7,179 315 Q 197 Q Q 875 792

10 to 19 ............................................. 6,610 597 Q Q Q 225 804 455

20 to 49 ............................................. 7,414 1,226 Q Q Q Q 723 513

50 to 99 ............................................. 5,376 1,583 N N Q 182 Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,690 3,143 N N 245 Q Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,963 2,238 N N 1,278 Q Q Q

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 28,445 2,979 808 1,226 Q 569 1,727 2,447

1 to 4 ................................................ 24,116 5,213 427 316 560 490 3,041 1,619

5 to 9 ................................................ 3,864 788 Q Q 205 Q Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 3,027 Q N N 348 Q Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 2,583 Q N N 301 Q Q Q

50 or More ........................................ 2,748 Q N N 214 Q Q N

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 18,526 1,088 663 1,307 Q Q 1,410 1,691

One ................................................... 15,475 1,713 481 201 Q 435 1,461 1,739

2 to 4 ................................................ 15,082 4,477 Q Q Q 263 1,405 654

5 to 9 ................................................ 5,515 1,674 N N 187 171 Q Q

10 or More ........................................ 10,185 922 N N 1,507 235 Q Q

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 6,402 677 1,611 1,819 Q 3,184 771

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 4,524 Q 1,009 1,760 172 4,630 421

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 7,518 Q Q 1,598 375 2,227 652

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 4,050 Q 350 1,446 439 1,459 448

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 4,284 Q 335 1,337 421 1,813 1,049

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 8,954 894 1,289 1,856 1,091 4,491 3,127

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 5,073 Q Q 775 267 643 740

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 91

CONTINUED
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 9,874 1,255 1,654 1,905 1,258 5,096 4,317

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Table B12. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Health Care

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 6,496 738 979 1,659 836 3,892 2,210

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 4,468 333 586 1,569 710 2,052 1,864

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 1,274 Q 137 790 169 587 478

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 2,623 465 848 810 306 1,934 1,916

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 2,457 Q Q 861 247 1,589 765

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 473 Q Q 304 Q 548 Q

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 4,383 293 467 1,299 358 2,262 1,236

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 8,358 929 1,100 1,822 944 4,147 2,981

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 4,781 1,144 Q Q Q Q Q 406

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 8,313 465 1,091 833 853 2,656 3,126

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 8,366 545 1,205 891 871 2,689 3,249

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 9,430 895 1,507 N 1,148 Q 4,048

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 4,998 198 356 N 456 Q 1,636

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web 

site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See 

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 92

CONTINUED