Space 

heatingb

Air 

handlers 

for heating

Air 

conditioningc

Air 

handlers 

for cooling

Ceiling 

fans

DehumidifiersHumidifiersWater 

heating

Clothes 

washers

Clothes 

dryers Lighting

Electric 

vehicle 

charging

All homes 8.48 0.79 7.91 1.56 0.77 3.41 0.47 9.23 0.23 2.32 2.23 8.06

Census region and division

Northeast 7.34 0.85 4.76 1.10 0.41 3.15 0.43 8.26 0.22 2.16 1.96 7.45

New England 5.96 0.97 3.88 0.98 0.35 2.58 0.41 7.25 0.22 2.19 1.75 8.89

Middle Atlantic 7.80 0.81 5.06 1.13 0.43 3.39 0.44 8.63 0.22 2.14 2.04 6.79

Midwest 10.61 1.48 5.19 1.02 0.54 3.28 0.52 9.35 0.24 2.39 2.17 8.85

East North Central 9.96 1.52 4.86 0.96 0.52 3.49 0.53 9.12 0.23 2.32 2.09 5.99

West North Central 11.85 1.39 5.90 1.14 0.59 2.78 0.49 9.79 0.25 2.53 2.35 Q

South 8.88 0.43 11.27 2.01 1.11 4.10 0.47 9.55 0.25 2.39 2.49 11.74

South Atlantic 8.19 0.41 10.62 1.89 1.04 4.13 0.53 9.44 0.23 2.24 2.30 8.85

East South Central 11.86 0.52 9.59 1.72 1.05 3.86 0.42 10.09 0.26 2.58 2.55 Q

West South Central 8.47 0.43 13.22 2.37 1.25 4.22 0.38 9.44 0.26 2.56 2.79 Q

West 6.28 0.60 7.02 1.37 0.56 2.91 0.43 8.79 0.22 2.19 2.06 6.54

Mountain 6.13 0.80 9.96 1.87 0.69 3.41 0.54 8.70 0.23 2.36 2.24 10.26

Mountain North 7.98 1.20 4.76 1.02 0.51 3.41 0.59 9.83 0.24 2.42 2.32 12.24

Mountain South 4.63 0.37 14.59 2.52 0.84 3.42 0.46 7.98 0.22 2.28 2.16 9.21

Pacific 6.36 0.46 5.17 1.01 0.47 2.75 0.32 8.83 0.22 2.06 1.98 5.62

Census urban/rural classificationd

Urban 6.95 0.74 7.91 1.56 0.75 3.32 0.47 8.61 0.23 2.23 2.19 7.51

Urbanized area 6.42 0.71 8.02 1.59 0.75 3.30 0.48 8.51 0.22 2.21 2.21 7.41

Urban cluster 10.78 0.94 7.00 1.35 0.75 3.46 0.41 9.27 0.24 2.37 2.03 9.95

Rural 14.09 1.03 7.93 1.54 0.87 3.66 0.49 11.01 0.26 2.60 2.43 11.14

Climate regione

Very cold and Cold 9.81 1.35 4.47 0.92 0.49 3.18 0.50 9.11 0.23 2.31 2.07 8.72

Mixed-humid 10.15 0.62 7.82 1.54 0.84 3.67 0.47 9.99 0.24 2.42 2.41 12.43

Mixed-dry and Hot-dry 3.25 0.34 9.18 1.70 0.65 2.64 0.37 7.05 0.22 2.11 1.95 6.45

Hot-humid 6.53 0.23 14.24 2.46 1.25 4.67 0.48 8.73 0.24 2.33 2.43 8.82

Marine 9.20 0.57 3.08 0.67 0.38 2.95 0.30 10.49 0.21 2.07 2.23 5.28

Table CE5.3a Detailed household site electricity end-use consumption, part 1—averages, 2020

Average site electricity consumptiona

(million Btu per household using the end use)

Data release date: June 2023

Revised data release date: March 2024
Space 

heatingb

Air 

handlers 

for heating

Air 

conditioningc

Air 

handlers 

for cooling

Ceiling 

fans

DehumidifiersHumidifiersWater 

heating

Clothes 

washers

Clothes 

dryers Lighting

Electric 

vehicle 

charging

All homes 8.48 0.79 7.91 1.56 0.77 3.41 0.47 9.23 0.23 2.32 2.23 8.06

Table CE5.3a Detailed household site electricity end-use consumption, part 1—averages, 2020

Average site electricity consumptiona

(million Btu per household using the end use)

Housing unit type

Single-family detached 10.22 1.04 9.47 1.87 0.85 3.49 0.52 10.28 0.24 2.47 2.60 8.48

Single-family attached 7.49 0.60 6.14 1.08 0.57 2.96 0.42 7.83 0.20 1.89 2.00 4.15

Apartments in buildings with 2–4 units 5.90 0.24 4.94 0.91 0.49 2.71 0.34 7.84 0.20 1.89 1.48 N

Apartments in buildings with 5 or 

more units 4.23 0.13 4.01 0.67 0.54 2.88 0.34 6.65 0.19 1.70 1.50 N

Mobile homes 11.29 0.40 8.20 1.00 0.77 3.41 0.37 11.45 0.26 2.50 1.86 Q

Ownership of housing unit

Owned 9.97 0.97 8.93 1.75 0.82 3.46 0.51 9.95 0.24 2.40 2.49 8.13

Single-family 10.09 1.04 9.22 1.83 0.84 3.48 0.52 10.01 0.24 2.43 2.60 8.22

Apartments 5.31 0.24 4.86 0.85 0.50 2.87 0.36 6.21 0.17 1.57 1.58 N

Mobile homes 11.41 0.42 8.17 1.02 0.75 3.41 0.37 11.32 0.26 2.48 1.83 Q

Rentedf 6.03 0.33 5.65 1.00 0.63 3.04 0.35 8.11 0.22 2.07 1.70 6.71

Single-family 9.29 0.70 8.92 1.62 0.78 3.27 0.40 10.37 0.25 2.41 2.20 7.72

Apartments 4.59 0.15 4.17 0.70 0.53 2.78 0.33 7.03 0.20 1.78 1.48 N

Mobile homes 10.84 0.32 8.28 0.94 0.83 Q 0.38 11.89 0.27 2.59 2.01 Q

Year of construction

Before 1950 8.19 1.07 6.72 1.53 0.56 3.44 0.48 8.48 0.22 2.23 2.04 5.79

1950 to 1959 7.39 1.11 7.69 1.51 0.60 3.14 0.46 8.93 0.22 2.17 1.91 3.77

1960 to 1969 7.56 0.88 7.54 1.48 0.68 2.91 0.42 8.64 0.23 2.13 2.09 6.17

1970 to 1979 10.42 0.88 8.09 1.53 0.68 3.24 0.44 8.82 0.24 2.25 2.05 6.82

1980 to 1989 9.38 0.65 8.31 1.58 0.79 3.17 0.42 8.81 0.23 2.26 2.14 6.42

1990 to 1999 8.41 0.64 8.48 1.60 0.87 3.86 0.53 10.38 0.25 2.50 2.49 10.73

2000 to 2009 7.97 0.56 8.94 1.69 1.02 3.88 0.55 9.96 0.24 2.47 2.71 9.56

2010 to 2015 7.49 0.49 7.55 1.57 1.02 3.91 0.44 10.01 0.25 2.53 2.65 8.54

2016 to 2020 6.33 0.39 6.92 1.28 0.95 4.05 0.49 9.09 0.23 2.29 2.29 16.00

Total square footageg

Less than 1,000 5.17 0.22 4.57 0.71 0.53 2.53 0.35 7.27 0.20 1.87 1.52 Q
Space 

heatingb

Air 

handlers 

for heating

Air 

conditioningc

Air 

handlers 

for cooling

Ceiling 

fans

DehumidifiersHumidifiersWater 

heating

Clothes 

washers

Clothes 

dryers Lighting

Electric 

vehicle 

charging

All homes 8.48 0.79 7.91 1.56 0.77 3.41 0.47 9.23 0.23 2.32 2.23 8.06

Table CE5.3a Detailed household site electricity end-use consumption, part 1—averages, 2020

Average site electricity consumptiona

(million Btu per household using the end use)

1,000 to 1,499 7.59 0.46 6.97 1.12 0.75 3.26 0.41 9.13 0.22 2.10 1.87 6.73

1,500 to 1,999 9.07 0.76 8.63 1.52 0.83 3.16 0.42 9.80 0.24 2.32 2.19 7.63

2,000 to 2,499 10.16 0.98 9.27 1.76 0.84 3.37 0.50 10.35 0.25 2.52 2.53 6.57

2,500 to 2,999 11.30 1.23 9.78 1.96 0.88 3.55 0.51 10.90 0.25 2.65 2.73 7.06

3,000 or more 14.07 1.56 11.34 2.58 0.89 3.86 0.63 11.63 0.26 2.75 3.55 10.58

Number of household members

1 member 7.20 0.63 5.63 1.06 0.57 3.10 0.43 4.87 0.16 1.33 1.48 5.88

2 members 8.91 0.86 7.80 1.53 0.76 3.36 0.48 8.43 0.22 2.12 2.23 8.86

3 members 8.83 0.82 8.96 1.77 0.88 3.42 0.50 11.88 0.26 2.76 2.53 7.03

4 members 8.81 0.81 9.71 1.92 0.92 3.49 0.48 14.72 0.30 3.22 2.84 7.48

5 members 9.36 0.90 10.80 2.14 1.00 4.08 0.46 15.53 0.33 3.62 3.07 13.28

6 or more members 10.12 0.92 10.78 2.11 0.93 4.32 0.51 18.13 0.38 4.20 3.32 Q

2020 annual household income

Less than $5,000 8.54 0.43 6.49 1.08 0.66 3.44 0.41 9.39 0.22 2.03 1.83 Q

$5,000 to $9,999 6.80 0.41 5.97 0.98 0.60 2.82 0.37 8.78 0.23 2.26 1.66 Q

$10,000 to $19,999 8.14 0.56 6.18 1.08 0.56 3.52 0.38 7.43 0.19 1.76 1.63 Q

$20,000 to $39,999 8.20 0.70 6.99 1.23 0.67 3.28 0.43 8.92 0.22 2.04 1.77 Q

$40,000 to $59,999 8.14 0.75 7.54 1.39 0.71 2.90 0.42 9.17 0.23 2.21 1.96 10.11

$60,000 to $99,999 8.48 0.84 7.86 1.50 0.81 3.51 0.46 9.53 0.24 2.33 2.25 7.20

$100,000 to $149,999 9.27 0.92 8.72 1.74 0.87 3.32 0.50 10.00 0.25 2.65 2.54 9.21

$150,000 or more 9.34 1.04 10.49 2.34 0.98 3.81 0.59 10.32 0.25 2.82 3.50 7.67

Payment method for energy bills

All paid by household 8.79 0.84 8.25 1.60 0.79 3.43 0.48 9.44 0.24 2.34 2.30 8.13

Some paid by household, some 

included in rent or condo fee 4.79 0.26 3.84 0.71 0.38 2.87 0.40 6.26 0.19 1.74 1.56 Q

All included in rent or condo fee 5.56 0.26 4.38 0.64 0.47 1.82 0.34 7.08 0.21 2.00 1.60 Q

Some other method 4.07 0.50 4.42 0.77 0.68 Q Q Q 0.21 1.16 1.60 N
Space 

heatingb

Air 

handlers 

for heating

Air 

conditioningc

Air 

handlers 

for cooling

Ceiling 

fans

DehumidifiersHumidifiersWater 

heating

Clothes 

washers

Clothes 

dryers Lighting

Electric 

vehicle 

charging

All homes 8.48 0.79 7.91 1.56 0.77 3.41 0.47 9.23 0.23 2.32 2.23 8.06

Table CE5.3a Detailed household site electricity end-use consumption, part 1—averages, 2020

Average site electricity consumptiona

(million Btu per household using the end use)

Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Forms EIA-457A, D, E, F, G of the 2020 Residential Energy Consumption Survey

Notes: Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. See RECS Terminology for definition of terms used in these tables.

Btu = British thermal units

a Electricity consumption from on-site solar photovoltaic generation (that is, solar panels) is included. Small amounts of standby power for devices that some households have but do not use (for example, 

dishwashers) are not included.

b Includes main (primary) and secondary space heating.

c

 Includes electricity used by evaporative coolers. 

d Housing units are classified using criteria created by the U.S. Census Bureau based on 2010 Census data. Urbanized areas are densely settled groupings of blocks or tracts with 50,000 or more people. Urban 

clusters have at least 2,500 but less than 50,000 people. All other areas are rural.

e The Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), created these climate regions. We combined climate regions for this 

publication. The Subarctic region is included with data for Very-cold and Cold . 

f

Rented includes households that occupy their primary housing units without paying rent. 

g Total square footage includes all basements, finished or conditioned (heated or cooled) areas of attics, and conditioned garage space that is attached to the home. Unconditioned and unfinished areas in attics 

and attached garages are excluded. The square footage of the home is based on respondent reports. Previous RECS cycles calculated square footage based on interviewer measurements. For households that did 

not report an exact square footage estimate, the square footage of the home was imputed based on a reported square footage range and/or characteristics of the home. See 2020 RECS Square Footage 

Methodology for full details about data collection and processing.

Q = Data withheld because either the relative standard error (RSE) was greater than 50% or fewer than 10 households in reporting sample.

N = No households in reporting sample. 
Space 

heatingb

Air 

handlers 

for heating

Air 

conditioningc

Air 

handlers 

for cooling

Ceiling 

fans

DehumidifiersHumidifiersWater 

heating

Clothes 

washers

Clothes 

dryers Lighting

Electric 

vehicle 

charging

All homes 2,484 233 2,318 457 226 999 139 2,706 69 680 654 2,363

Census region and division

Northeast 2,151 249 1,395 323 119 924 126 2,421 64 632 574 2,184

New England 1,748 284 1,136 288 103 757 120 2,124 63 641 511 2,605

Middle Atlantic 2,287 236 1,483 332 125 993 129 2,528 64 628 597 1,990

Midwest 3,109 432 1,522 299 159 960 152 2,741 70 702 637 2,594

East North Central 2,919 444 1,425 281 152 1,023 157 2,673 68 679 613 1,755

West North Central 3,472 406 1,728 335 172 814 143 2,870 73 740 690 Q

South 2,603 127 3,304 588 325 1,203 139 2,798 72 700 730 3,440

South Atlantic 2,401 119 3,112 553 305 1,211 156 2,767 68 657 674 2,594

East South Central 3,477 152 2,812 505 307 1,132 123 2,958 77 756 748 Q

West South Central 2,482 126 3,873 693 366 1,238 112 2,766 75 749 817 Q

West 1,840 175 2,059 402 163 852 125 2,575 65 641 605 1,916

Mountain 1,795 235 2,918 547 202 1,000 158 2,550 68 691 657 3,008

Mountain North 2,339 353 1,396 298 151 999 173 2,881 70 710 681 3,588

Mountain South 1,356 110 4,276 739 246 1,001 135 2,340 66 670 633 2,700

Pacific 1,864 136 1,514 297 139 806 94 2,588 63 603 579 1,646

Census urban/rural classificationd

Urban 2,038 217 2,317 458 219 972 137 2,522 66 655 641 2,202

Urbanized area 1,881 209 2,350 465 219 966 140 2,493 66 649 647 2,172

Urban cluster 3,158 274 2,050 394 221 1,015 119 2,717 72 693 594 2,917

Rural 4,129 301 2,323 453 255 1,073 143 3,227 76 761 712 3,265

Climate regione

Very cold and Cold 2,876 395 1,310 271 143 932 146 2,669 68 678 608 2,554

Mixed-humid 2,975 183 2,293 452 246 1,075 139 2,927 71 708 706 3,644

Mixed-dry and Hot-dry 951 99 2,691 498 191 773 110 2,065 66 619 571 1,889

Hot-humid 1,914 68 4,173 720 366 1,368 140 2,559 70 682 713 2,584

Marine 2,696 166 902 195 111 865 87 3,073 61 608 653 1,548

Table CE5.3a Detailed household site electricity end-use consumption, part 1—averages, 2020

Average site electricity consumptiona

(kWh per household using the end use)

Data release date: June 2023

Revised data release date: March 2024
Space 

heatingb

Air 

handlers 

for heating

Air 

conditioningc

Air 

handlers 

for cooling

Ceiling 

fans

DehumidifiersHumidifiersWater 

heating

Clothes 

washers

Clothes 

dryers Lighting

Electric 

vehicle 

charging

All homes 2,484 233 2,318 457 226 999 139 2,706 69 680 654 2,363

Table CE5.3a Detailed household site electricity end-use consumption, part 1—averages, 2020

Average site electricity consumptiona

(kWh per household using the end use)

Housing unit type

Single-family detached 2,994 304 2,775 548 250 1,024 153 3,014 71 725 761 2,486

Single-family attached 2,195 175 1,799 317 167 868 122 2,296 59 555 585 1,215

Apartments in buildings with 2–4 units 1,729 69 1,448 266 145 794 100 2,298 57 554 435 N

Apartments in buildings with 5 or 

more units 1,240 39 1,175 195 157 843 99 1,949 55 497 439 N

Mobile homes 3,308 117 2,402 293 224 998 108 3,356 76 732 546 Q

Ownership of housing unit

Owned 2,923 284 2,616 512 240 1,014 150 2,915 70 704 731 2,382

Single-family 2,958 306 2,702 535 245 1,019 154 2,933 70 712 761 2,408

Apartments 1,556 71 1,425 249 146 840 107 1,820 49 460 463 N

Mobile homes 3,345 122 2,395 298 220 1,000 107 3,318 75 725 535 Q

Rentedf 1,767 98 1,655 294 185 890 104 2,378 65 606 498 1,967

Single-family 2,721 204 2,615 474 228 957 117 3,039 73 705 645 2,262

Apartments 1,346 44 1,221 206 155 815 98 2,060 57 521 434 N

Mobile homes 3,176 95 2,427 274 244 Q 110 3,485 79 758 588 Q

Year of construction

Before 1950 2,400 314 1,968 447 163 1,009 140 2,485 65 653 597 1,697

1950 to 1959 2,167 326 2,254 443 176 921 136 2,617 64 636 559 1,103

1960 to 1969 2,215 258 2,211 435 199 853 124 2,531 66 625 612 1,808

1970 to 1979 3,053 257 2,369 448 198 951 128 2,584 69 659 600 2,000

1980 to 1989 2,749 189 2,437 463 232 930 122 2,581 67 663 626 1,882

1990 to 1999 2,465 187 2,484 470 254 1,130 155 3,042 74 732 731 3,144

2000 to 2009 2,335 165 2,619 494 299 1,136 162 2,919 71 725 793 2,801

2010 to 2015 2,195 143 2,213 460 299 1,146 128 2,935 73 741 777 2,503

2016 to 2020 1,856 115 2,027 375 279 1,187 143 2,665 68 670 670 4,688

Total square footageg

Less than 1,000 1,515 64 1,340 209 155 742 102 2,130 59 548 445 Q
Space 

heatingb

Air 

handlers 

for heating

Air 

conditioningc

Air 

handlers 

for cooling

Ceiling 

fans

DehumidifiersHumidifiersWater 

heating

Clothes 

washers

Clothes 

dryers Lighting

Electric 

vehicle 

charging

All homes 2,484 233 2,318 457 226 999 139 2,706 69 680 654 2,363

Table CE5.3a Detailed household site electricity end-use consumption, part 1—averages, 2020

Average site electricity consumptiona

(kWh per household using the end use)

1,000 to 1,499 2,225 135 2,042 329 219 957 119 2,677 65 614 547 1,972

1,500 to 1,999 2,658 223 2,530 444 242 925 124 2,871 69 679 641 2,235

2,000 to 2,499 2,978 287 2,716 516 246 989 148 3,034 72 738 743 1,925

2,500 to 2,999 3,312 361 2,867 573 258 1,039 151 3,195 74 777 799 2,070

3,000 or more 4,124 459 3,322 756 260 1,131 185 3,409 75 806 1,041 3,099

Number of household members

1 member 2,109 185 1,650 311 166 907 126 1,427 46 391 435 1,724

2 members 2,610 253 2,287 449 223 983 140 2,470 64 620 655 2,597

3 members 2,589 241 2,627 518 259 1,002 147 3,482 77 809 741 2,061

4 members 2,581 236 2,846 562 270 1,023 141 4,313 87 943 832 2,192

5 members 2,744 265 3,166 628 292 1,195 133 4,552 98 1,060 899 3,892

6 or more members 2,965 270 3,158 619 273 1,267 149 5,314 111 1,231 974 Q

2020 annual household income

Less than $5,000 2,502 127 1,902 317 194 1,010 121 2,751 65 594 537 Q

$5,000 to $9,999 1,993 121 1,750 287 176 826 110 2,572 66 663 486 Q

$10,000 to $19,999 2,386 165 1,812 317 163 1,032 113 2,176 56 515 478 Q

$20,000 to $39,999 2,404 204 2,050 360 195 962 125 2,615 64 597 518 Q

$40,000 to $59,999 2,385 219 2,209 406 209 851 122 2,689 67 648 573 2,963

$60,000 to $99,999 2,485 245 2,303 441 236 1,028 134 2,794 69 684 660 2,109

$100,000 to $149,999 2,717 270 2,556 509 255 974 148 2,931 74 775 743 2,700

$150,000 or more 2,738 305 3,073 686 287 1,115 173 3,026 74 826 1,025 2,249

Payment method for energy bills

All paid by household 2,577 245 2,419 470 232 1,006 141 2,766 69 686 673 2,381

Some paid by household, some 

included in rent or condo fee 1,405 77 1,125 207 112 842 118 1,834 55 510 458 Q

All included in rent or condo fee 1,630 77 1,283 187 139 534 99 2,075 61 587 469 Q

Some other method 1,193 146 1,296 226 199 Q Q Q 61 339 470 N
Space 

heatingb

Air 

handlers 

for heating

Air 

conditioningc

Air 

handlers 

for cooling

Ceiling 

fans

DehumidifiersHumidifiersWater 

heating

Clothes 

washers

Clothes 

dryers Lighting

Electric 

vehicle 

charging

All homes 2,484 233 2,318 457 226 999 139 2,706 69 680 654 2,363

Table CE5.3a Detailed household site electricity end-use consumption, part 1—averages, 2020

Average site electricity consumptiona

(kWh per household using the end use)

Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Forms EIA-457A, D, E, F, G of the 2020 Residential Energy Consumption Survey

Notes: Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. See RECS Terminology for definition of terms used in these tables.

kWh = kilowatthours

a Electricity consumption from on-site solar photovoltaic generation (that is, solar panels) is included. Small amounts of standby power for devices that some households have but do not use (for example, 

dishwashers) are not included.

b Includes main (primary) and secondary space heating.

c

 Includes electricity used for evaporative coolers. 

d Housing units are classified using criteria created by the U.S. Census Bureau based on 2010 Census data. Urbanized areas are densely settled groupings of blocks or tracts with 50,000 or more people. Urban 

clusters have at least 2,500 but less than 50,000 people. All other areas are rural.

e The Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), created these climate regions. We combined climate regions for this 

publication. The Subarctic region is included with data for Very-cold and Cold . 

f

Rented includes households that occupy their primary housing units without paying rent. 

g Total square footage includes all basements, finished or conditioned (heated or cooled) areas of attics, and conditioned garage space that is attached to the home. Unconditioned and unfinished areas in attics 

and attached garages are excluded. The square footage of the home is based on respondent reports. Previous RECS cycles calculated square footage based on interviewer measurements. For households that did 

not report an exact square footage estimate, the square footage of the home was imputed based on a reported square footage range and/or characteristics of the home. See 2020 RECS Square Footage 

Methodology for full details about data collection and processing.

Q = Data withheld because either the relative standard error (RSE) was greater than 50% or fewer than 10 households in reporting sample.

N = No households in reporting sample. 
Space 

heatingb

Air 

handlers 

for heating

Air 

conditioningc

Air 

handlers 

for cooling

Ceiling 

fans

DehumidifiersHumidifiersWater 

heating

Clothes 

washers

Clothes 

dryers Lighting

Electric 

vehicle 

charging

All homes 1.36 1.00 0.67 0.89 0.99 1.83 1.77 0.94 0.55 0.78 0.89 7.82

Census region and division

Northeast 5.27 2.07 1.47 2.78 2.78 3.13 4.06 2.24 1.23 1.98 2.33 12.84

New England 6.02 3.01 2.53 4.61 4.09 4.57 5.83 3.59 1.81 2.50 3.32 19.60

Middle Atlantic 6.57 2.79 1.80 3.14 3.41 4.29 5.20 3.09 1.53 2.82 2.92 15.42

Midwest 3.91 1.76 1.42 1.59 2.24 2.92 3.23 2.59 1.42 1.91 2.28 20.53

East North Central 5.70 2.18 1.67 2.04 3.01 3.62 4.27 3.40 1.90 2.70 3.15 26.71

West North Central 4.73 2.16 2.02 2.45 3.64 4.52 3.47 3.26 2.02 2.52 3.17 27.11

South 1.53 1.67 1.08 1.40 1.45 4.49 3.74 1.37 1.20 1.45 1.67 18.37

South Atlantic 2.20 2.81 1.61 1.92 2.30 5.59 4.33 1.67 1.43 1.87 2.50 23.50

East South Central 3.13 3.74 2.02 2.42 2.94 8.32 7.73 2.25 2.23 2.57 3.58 43.65

West South Central 3.42 2.49 1.67 2.45 2.06 12.44 9.27 2.41 2.04 2.56 3.12 30.39

West 2.84 1.85 1.31 1.87 2.31 8.14 5.05 1.87 1.28 1.86 2.10 8.52

Mountain 4.74 2.66 1.93 2.77 2.46 13.97 5.82 2.89 1.79 2.24 2.83 12.94

Mountain North 5.32 2.70 2.93 4.02 3.97 17.44 6.15 4.40 2.45 3.01 3.76 24.73

Mountain South 6.19 5.47 2.21 3.08 3.25 21.58 9.77 4.16 2.49 3.34 5.23 17.54

Pacific 3.87 2.72 2.29 2.80 4.28 10.00 8.53 2.57 1.73 2.68 2.98 9.75

Census urban/rural classificationd

Urban 1.81 1.16 0.76 1.04 1.23 2.56 2.05 1.10 0.60 0.91 1.08 8.56

Urbanized area 1.92 1.33 0.84 1.11 1.35 2.73 2.17 1.32 0.64 1.07 1.20 8.92

Urban cluster 4.63 3.04 2.47 2.60 3.15 7.16 6.39 2.21 1.53 2.03 3.24 36.59

Rural 2.40 2.49 1.36 1.77 2.11 3.15 4.07 1.63 1.26 1.42 2.29 20.00

Climate regione

Very cold and Cold 3.03 1.44 1.03 1.47 1.84 2.26 2.45 1.69 1.04 1.48 1.67 11.10

Mixed-humid 1.78 1.96 1.04 1.38 1.73 3.45 2.87 1.48 1.18 1.41 1.84 20.15

Mixed-dry and Hot-dry 6.70 3.39 1.67 2.16 2.97 14.34 7.95 3.38 2.07 3.36 3.65 12.12

Hot-humid 2.82 2.24 1.55 2.02 2.01 8.55 9.69 1.85 1.66 2.20 2.46 21.86

Marine 5.97 3.78 4.69 6.63 7.27 15.17 13.51 3.79 2.40 3.57 4.61 14.37

RSEs for average site electricity consumptiona

Relative standard errors (RSEs) for Table CE5.3a Detailed household site electricity end-use consumption, part 1—averages, 2020

Data release date: June 2023

Revised data release date: March 2024
Space 

heatingb

Air 

handlers 

for heating

Air 

conditioningc

Air 

handlers 

for cooling

Ceiling 

fans

DehumidifiersHumidifiersWater 

heating

Clothes 

washers

Clothes 

dryers Lighting

Electric 

vehicle 

charging

All homes 1.36 1.00 0.67 0.89 0.99 1.83 1.77 0.94 0.55 0.78 0.89 7.82

RSEs for average site electricity consumptiona

Relative standard errors (RSEs) for Table CE5.3a Detailed household site electricity end-use consumption, part 1—averages, 2020

Housing unit type

Single-family detached 1.51 1.01 0.76 0.96 1.05 1.93 1.92 1.11 0.65 0.88 1.11 8.00

Single-family attached 4.78 3.90 2.74 3.17 3.56 6.71 6.49 3.32 1.56 2.32 3.31 22.14

Apartments in buildings with 2–4 units 5.91 5.76 3.82 4.87 5.52 13.51 11.52 3.68 3.03 4.47 4.71 0.00

Apartments in buildings with 5 or 

more units 4.23 3.22 2.02 2.51 3.70 11.18 6.66 2.64 2.35 3.04 3.18 0.00

Mobile homes 4.51 4.33 2.65 4.06 5.45 15.16 9.34 2.94 3.60 4.83 4.28 65.12

Ownership of housing unit

Owned 1.53 1.10 0.85 1.05 1.16 1.86 1.95 1.07 0.66 0.92 1.06 8.23

Single-family 1.68 1.05 0.85 1.04 1.10 1.87 1.96 1.11 0.63 0.92 1.17 8.17

Apartments 12.80 10.58 5.04 6.95 8.54 17.96 14.74 5.53 3.81 5.49 6.04 0.00

Mobile homes 4.79 5.25 3.53 5.02 6.32 18.43 10.25 3.54 4.11 4.99 4.40 79.86

Rentedf 2.56 2.98 1.50 1.98 2.35 7.05 4.90 1.82 1.58 1.89 1.95 48.18

Single-family 5.17 4.13 2.48 2.71 3.66 9.39 8.30 2.97 2.30 2.52 3.00 47.29

Apartments 3.39 2.92 1.85 2.39 3.04 11.26 6.76 2.36 2.15 2.97 2.46 0.00

Mobile homes 8.02 8.47 6.02 6.81 10.05 26.11 25.58 6.14 6.30 9.92 10.39 0.00

Year of construction

Before 1950 4.20 2.70 1.94 3.21 3.28 4.33 5.30 2.54 1.86 2.73 2.65 17.22

1950 to 1959 5.21 3.12 2.30 3.22 3.81 5.51 6.57 4.21 2.05 2.60 2.77 13.77

1960 to 1969 4.71 3.17 3.14 3.79 3.17 5.63 4.56 3.09 2.08 2.66 2.83 20.06

1970 to 1979 3.62 3.13 2.09 2.55 3.17 4.82 4.50 2.23 1.91 2.40 2.59 18.73

1980 to 1989 3.61 3.34 2.01 2.39 3.12 5.44 6.64 2.31 1.56 2.00 2.88 25.89

1990 to 1999 3.71 2.35 2.26 2.72 2.68 5.71 4.49 2.44 1.57 1.96 2.29 22.73

2000 to 2009 2.86 2.86 2.02 2.67 1.98 4.76 4.93 1.86 1.79 2.35 2.85 17.04

2010 to 2015 5.05 4.34 3.31 3.81 3.82 8.67 8.34 3.82 2.61 3.43 5.04 23.99

2016 to 2020 5.42 5.19 4.01 4.65 5.26 8.84 9.83 3.95 3.09 4.12 5.26 20.68

Total square footageg

Less than 1,000 2.90 2.39 1.82 2.48 3.45 7.89 6.55 2.31 1.76 2.68 2.68 40.13
Space 

heatingb

Air 

handlers 

for heating

Air 

conditioningc

Air 

handlers 

for cooling

Ceiling 

fans

DehumidifiersHumidifiersWater 

heating

Clothes 

washers

Clothes 

dryers Lighting

Electric 

vehicle 

charging

All homes 1.36 1.00 0.67 0.89 0.99 1.83 1.77 0.94 0.55 0.78 0.89 7.82

RSEs for average site electricity consumptiona

Relative standard errors (RSEs) for Table CE5.3a Detailed household site electricity end-use consumption, part 1—averages, 2020

1,000 to 1,499 2.93 2.20 1.76 1.96 2.55 5.47 5.44 1.65 1.25 1.75 2.02 17.61

1,500 to 1,999 3.07 1.91 1.84 1.73 2.30 5.94 3.74 2.08 1.62 2.06 1.85 25.48

2,000 to 2,499 3.57 1.99 2.20 2.72 2.57 4.33 5.19 2.64 1.38 2.08 2.23 14.42

2,500 to 2,999 4.11 2.46 2.33 2.51 2.99 4.83 4.59 2.97 1.93 2.52 2.96 12.63

3,000 or more 3.89 2.41 1.67 2.07 2.13 3.15 3.35 2.28 1.23 1.64 2.11 13.89

Number of household members

1 member 2.72 2.58 1.52 1.93 2.76 4.77 4.40 1.41 1.10 1.48 1.66 20.36

2 members 2.34 2.05 1.23 1.32 1.72 2.73 2.59 1.13 0.86 1.14 1.53 13.35

3 members 3.70 3.11 1.91 2.40 2.70 5.18 5.14 1.79 1.27 1.76 2.21 16.63

4 members 3.55 2.86 2.12 2.40 2.79 5.33 5.32 1.92 1.62 1.92 2.35 14.80

5 members 5.63 5.54 3.95 4.66 4.25 8.30 7.97 3.37 2.57 3.40 4.17 26.92

6 or more members 10.93 6.35 3.70 5.10 5.49 9.69 9.01 4.32 3.14 4.17 5.45 57.11

2020 annual household income

Less than $5,000 8.09 8.39 4.65 8.08 7.31 13.06 16.04 5.22 4.80 6.96 7.43 0.00

$5,000 to $9,999 7.95 8.81 5.84 6.88 6.60 17.15 13.78 6.52 5.97 8.03 6.02 0.00

$10,000 to $19,999 4.69 5.40 3.26 4.60 4.27 12.81 9.46 3.15 2.26 3.18 4.86 64.39

$20,000 to $39,999 3.18 2.89 1.93 2.25 3.28 6.14 5.70 2.01 1.42 1.81 2.70 38.88

$40,000 to $59,999 3.85 3.05 2.43 2.91 2.84 4.38 5.54 2.48 2.04 2.52 2.55 46.34

$60,000 to $99,999 2.77 2.16 1.71 1.74 2.26 3.29 3.63 1.68 1.35 1.73 1.83 15.94

$100,000 to $149,999 4.62 3.36 2.18 2.21 2.66 4.04 4.32 2.67 1.57 1.98 2.17 20.92

$150,000 or more 4.21 2.43 1.86 2.35 2.37 4.10 3.84 2.49 1.28 1.76 2.47 11.29

Payment method for energy bills

All paid by household 1.38 1.02 0.72 0.94 1.04 1.86 1.79 0.96 0.59 0.83 0.97 7.85

Some paid by household, some 

included in rent or condo fee 10.03 7.52 3.88 5.58 8.81 20.33 9.83 6.59 4.83 6.15 5.88 54.12

All included in rent or condo fee 5.25 8.32 3.82 5.84 7.69 12.92 12.30 3.58 5.20 6.50 6.48 0.00

Some other method 31.74 25.54 19.16 24.80 17.50 48.76 76.85 11.35 22.32 47.17 26.20 0.00
Space 

heatingb

Air 

handlers 

for heating

Air 

conditioningc

Air 

handlers 

for cooling

Ceiling 

fans

DehumidifiersHumidifiersWater 

heating

Clothes 

washers

Clothes 

dryers Lighting

Electric 

vehicle 

charging

All homes 1.36 1.00 0.67 0.89 0.99 1.83 1.77 0.94 0.55 0.78 0.89 7.82

RSEs for average site electricity consumptiona

Relative standard errors (RSEs) for Table CE5.3a Detailed household site electricity end-use consumption, part 1—averages, 2020

Data source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Forms EIA-457A, D, E, F, G of the 2020 Residential Energy Consumption Survey

Notes: See RECS Terminology for definition of terms used in these tables.

a Electricity consumption from on-site solar photovoltaic generation (that is, solar panels) is included. Small amounts of standby power for devices that some households have but do not use (for example, 

dishwashers) are not included.

b Includes main (primary) and secondary space heating.

c

 Includes electricity used by evaporative coolers. 

d Housing units are classified using criteria created by the U.S. Census Bureau based on 2010 Census data. Urbanized areas are densely settled groupings of blocks or tracts with 50,000 or more people. Urban 

clusters have at least 2,500 but less than 50,000 people. All other areas are rural.

e The Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), created these climate regions. We combined climate regions for this 

publication. The Subarctic region is included with data for Very-cold and Cold . 

f

Rented includes households that occupy their primary housing units without paying rent. 

g Total square footage includes all basements, finished or conditioned (heated or cooled) areas of attics, and conditioned garage space that is attached to the home. Unconditioned and unfinished areas in attics 

and attached garages are excluded. The square footage of the home is based on respondent reports. Previous RECS cycles calculated square footage based on interviewer measurements. For households that did 

not report an exact square footage estimate, the square footage of the home was imputed based on a reported square footage range and/or characteristics of the home. See 2020 RECS Square Footage 

Methodology for full details about data collection and processing.