1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 162 56 60 48 39 16 5 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 226 164 44 Q Q Q Q N N

Food Service ..................................... 297 202 65 23 Q Q N Q N

Health Care ....................................... 129 56 38 19 5 5 3 2 1

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 N N Q Q Q Q 2 1

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 56 38 19 Q 3 Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 142 38 21 38 23 11 7 4 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 241 97 83 14 Q 4 Q Q

Office ................................................ 824 503 127 116 43 17 11 5 2

Public Assembly ............................... 277 119 67 69 9 7 6 Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 37 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 152 104 83 27 Q Q Q N

Service .............................................. 622 434 100 66 17 Q Q Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 294 110 130 27 21 8 4 Q

Other ................................................ 79 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 108 Q Q 13 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 174 71 55 19 7 Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 315 107 64 23 9 5 4 1

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 331 90 90 26 14 8 2 1

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 298 120 95 33 22 8 3 0

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 350 180 122 48 16 10 4 1

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 438 98 103 32 20 10 4 2

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 481 158 151 39 28 15 4 1

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 165 66 58 21 13 8 2 Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 364 149 127 36 27 15 6 2

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 725 213 198 71 34 17 8 1

South ................................................ 1,775 965 361 278 88 49 25 7 2

West ................................................. 878 498 165 135 46 19 8 5 2

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 476 157 147 42 19 9 4 1

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 621 226 200 62 36 19 7 2

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 375 129 89 35 26 12 5 2

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 723 257 185 59 30 16 5 1

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 357 121 117 43 18 8 3 1

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 2,014 564 399 92 46 16 4 Q

Two ................................................... 1,031 411 239 248 77 35 13 6 Q

Three ................................................ 339 115 70 74 46 21 11 3 Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 Q Q 18 26 25 23 8 2

Ten or More ...................................... 12 N N Q Q Q 3 4 3

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Released: June 2006

Next CBECS will be conducted in 2007
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 Q 29 61 81 57 41 19 5

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 Q 29 57 62 29 11 4 Q

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 N N Q 19 28 29 9 Q

 Six or More ..................................... 13 N N Q Q Q Q 6 5

Any Escalators .................................. 6 N Q Q N Q Q 1 2

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 1,879 452 268 36 10 6 Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 422 192 134 24 4 Q Q N

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 202 146 154 38 16 Q Q N

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 43 87 131 82 41 11 2 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 Q Q 42 44 31 15 4 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 Q Q Q 17 21 18 6 Q

250 or More ...................................... 30 N N N Q 5 10 8 5

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 689 179 99 20 9 4 Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 628 238 166 48 26 8 2 Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 532 197 206 73 33 13 6 1

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 262 114 130 50 18 13 3 1

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 213 84 51 16 20 11 4 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 475 228 77 85 35 22 16 9 3

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 2,272 783 625 185 82 43 16 5

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 980 384 320 91 35 21 7 2

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 1,205 375 293 86 40 20 8 3

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 87 Q Q Q Q Q Q N

Government Owned .......................... 635 280 106 113 56 47 22 9 2

 Federal ........................................... 46 Q Q Q Q Q Q 2 1

 State ............................................... 164 77 Q 40 16 9 8 1 Q

 Local ............................................... 425 183 87 64 36 37 12 5 Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 100 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q Q Q Q Q Q N N

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 269 91 108 37 22 12 6 3

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 2,175 769 610 191 100 50 17 3

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 2,131 720 590 163 87 43 15 3

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 311 136 104 50 25 11 5 1

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 Q Q 22 11 4 4 Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 Q N Q Q 5 Q 1 Q

More than 20 ..................................... 14 N Q Q Q Q Q 2 1

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 100 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 978 421 387 135 71 35 13 3

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 449 130 119 44 26 12 4 1

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 36 24 22 20 12 10 4 2

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 587 117 56 12 Q Q Q Q

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 457 184 142 26 10 4 Q Q

Window Glass ................................... 17 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 47 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 18 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 494 191 173 91 51 25 8 4

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 847 234 183 46 8 4 3 Q

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 721 272 225 41 19 7 Q Q

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 206 100 92 41 38 23 9 2

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 155 53 36 12 4 Q Q Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 91 Q Q Q Q Q Q N

Concrete ........................................... 61 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 16 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 25 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 489 219 170 77 35 18 8 2

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 104 51 44 28 16 8 3 1

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 356 154 130 54 26 13 6 2

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 156 98 60 29 14 8 4 1

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 190 84 80 27 15 8 4 2

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 164 95 100 43 22 12 6 2

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 183 94 102 37 21 11 5 2

 Window Replacement .................... 310 134 65 64 24 14 6 3 1

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 128 73 66 23 13 7 4 1

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 124 38 35 16 8 4 2 1

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 979 349 255 72 32 15 7 1

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 1,084 321 312 92 62 32 10 3

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 2,384 834 727 234 128 65 24 7

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 1,110 496 450 168 95 48 19 5

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 209 99 61 22 23 21 12 4

District Heat ...................................... 67 Q Q 18 10 8 9 4 2

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q Q 6 5 6 2 1

Propane ............................................ 502 295 100 64 18 13 7 4 Q

Other ................................................ 132 79 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 2,100 782 659 225 123 62 24 6

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 1,841 732 629 216 118 60 23 6

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 1,715 725 607 217 119 60 23 6

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 354 155 127 69 50 28 14 4

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 Q 29 28 Q 8 3 2 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 Q Q 31 18 25 21 10 4

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 452 107 79 16 Q Q Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 262 112 107 22 13 5 Q Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 258 99 89 27 13 6 4 2

100 ................................................... 2,962 1,580 570 463 176 98 52 19 4

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 710 157 109 25 11 5 Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 407 226 225 64 41 14 6 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 279 133 126 43 25 14 7 2

100 ................................................... 2,011 1,155 374 277 109 52 32 10 3

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 47 Q Q Q Q Q N Q N

1 to 50 .............................................. 929 524 149 184 47 16 7 Q Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 1,108 540 220 203 80 37 18 8 2

100 ................................................... 2,176 1,184 444 323 102 69 37 14 4

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 386 268 73 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 1,964 1,205 374 272 66 30 12 4 Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 1,882 903 376 352 129 72 35 11 2

51 to 100 ........................................... 136 87 Q 19 Q 5 2 Q Q

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 664 356 121 95 41 22 16 9 3

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 258 63 86 33 21 9 5 1

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 150 40 46 21 12 6 2 1

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 95 Q 30 9 7 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q Q 15 10 8 3 2 Q

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 1,039 391 307 76 30 15 5 1

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 415 170 142 49 25 12 5 1

District Heat ...................................... 65 Q Q 18 9 8 9 4 2

Boilers .............................................. 579 162 105 138 78 49 31 13 3

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 423 214 170 69 47 20 7 2

Other ................................................ 205 121 Q 28 13 6 Q 2 Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 581 207 140 47 19 8 4 1

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 260 78 87 33 20 8 4 1

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 147 51 49 19 12 6 2 1

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 100 Q 30 10 6 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q Q 15 10 7 3 2 1

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 383 134 114 62 27 16 4 1

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q Q 6 5 6 2 1

Central Chillers ................................. 111 Q Q 26 19 24 17 10 3

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 678 367 332 119 67 32 13 3

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 58 26 26 Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 40 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 615 233 220 76 34 13 5 1

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 662 288 251 87 41 18 8 2

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 2,184 1,070 416 412 145 75 43 17 5

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 3,943 2,068 772 665 223 123 62 24 6

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 941 382 148 189 102 60 38 16 5

High Intensity Discharge ................... 455 101 88 105 60 51 32 13 4

Halogen ............................................ 565 205 107 123 55 37 25 10 4

Other ................................................ 8 Q Q Q N Q Q Q Q

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may apply)

a

Any Refrigeration............................... 3,176 1,591 642 548 196 114 58 21 6

 Commercial Refrigeration ............... 1,007 486 188 138 78 60 36 16 5

 Walk-In Units ................................ 666 332 124 75 44 44 29 14 5

 Cases or Cabinets ........................ 825 416 146 118 60 41 27 11 4

 Residential-Type Units .................... 2,370 1,159 494 427 148 81 41 16 4

 Vending Machines .......................... 996 268 181 250 134 89 48 19 6

No Refrigeration ................................ 1,469 961 247 190 45 15 7 3 Q

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 1,405 643 599 222 123 59 23 6

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 310 176 190 94 53 33 17 5

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 385 209 286 135 87 46 21 6

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 915 400 386 145 77 32 12 3

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 562 291 313 127 71 36 14 5

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 1,227 545 529 206 119 60 22 6

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 706 412 439 189 108 57 22 6

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 1,147 246 139 19 6 Q Q Q

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 997 373 244 37 13 5 Q N

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 241 135 128 36 15 4 Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 138 74 89 42 17 7 Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 Q 60 93 50 18 7 3 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 Q Q 37 35 21 6 3 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 Q N Q 21 30 14 4 Q

250 or More ...................................... 38 N N N Q 7 15 9 5

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 2,166 680 452 106 41 20 4 Q

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 380 197 260 112 68 30 12 1

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 Q Q Q 13 10 6 2 1

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 Q Q Q Q 5 5 3 1

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 N N Q Q Q 3 2 1

50 or More ........................................ 10 N N Q Q Q Q 2 2

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 1,846 477 299 52 20 8 Q Q

One ................................................... 1,250 565 296 267 78 30 10 3 Q

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 131 110 148 82 50 23 5 Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 Q Q 19 17 15 11 6 Q

10 or More ........................................ 54 N N Q 11 14 13 8 5

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 352 155 127 69 50 28 14 4

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 161 134 114 71 45 27 12 4

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 115 81 137 91 68 37 18 6

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 154 72 92 56 45 30 13 4

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 164 83 100 61 49 33 14 4

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 1,187 507 486 198 113 60 23 6

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 55 29 49 41 37 26 11 4

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 1,053 441 421 140 80 46 16 5

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 564 288 254 99 62 36 15 5

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 146 39 63 27 13 12 5 2

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 636 267 202 70 31 19 7 1

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 114 54 68 37 29 17 10 2

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 Q Q Q 6 5 3 2 1

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 382 163 181 99 51 30 17 5

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 1,265 525 431 175 101 51 22 6

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 Q Q Q 11 8 6 4 2

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 1,529 553 485 160 88 42 17 5

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 1,424 538 477 169 87 43 18 5

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 2,001 725 610 191 96 45 14 3

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 756 317 278 86 42 18 6 Q

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to 

the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square 

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square 

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 6,789 6,585 11,535 8,668 9,057 9,064 7,176 5,908

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 409 399 931 1,756 2,690 2,167 1,420 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 409 356 Q Q Q Q N N

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 544 442 345 Q Q N Q N

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 165 280 313 157 364 395 514 973

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 N N Q Q Q Q 467 973

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 165 280 312 Q 206 Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 99 160 631 803 841 930 1,185 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 638 725 1,284 578 Q 524 Q Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 1,382 938 1,887 1,506 1,209 1,428 1,493 2,365

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 336 518 1,077 301 474 868 Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 122 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 416 744 1,235 930 Q Q Q N

Service .............................................. 4,050 1,034 722 1,021 560 Q Q Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 895 868 2,064 1,043 1,494 1,162 1,322 Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 239 Q Q 471 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 490 502 804 677 491 Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 796 827 988 838 641 704 1,288 790

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 860 643 1,421 935 927 1,148 569 541

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 690 865 1,460 1,234 1,483 1,039 947 382

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 966 1,332 1,869 1,720 1,146 1,411 1,243 1,085

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 1,149 721 1,647 1,174 1,390 1,496 1,237 1,518

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 1,324 1,209 2,388 1,352 2,058 1,934 984 1,111

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 515 486 958 739 921 1,060 609 Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 1,025 1,123 1,972 1,292 2,040 2,117 1,781 1,556

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 1,895 1,565 3,098 2,567 2,260 2,296 2,196 1,203

South ................................................ 23,489 2,533 2,658 4,378 3,168 3,435 3,475 1,914 1,928

West ................................................. 11,310 1,336 1,239 2,087 1,643 1,322 1,177 1,286 1,221

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 1,307 1,197 2,235 1,451 1,295 1,206 1,115 815

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 1,673 1,633 3,140 2,282 2,549 2,652 1,943 1,463

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 1,005 964 1,421 1,272 1,823 1,761 1,619 1,639

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 1,862 1,907 2,865 2,105 2,063 2,286 1,552 1,098

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 942 884 1,874 1,558 1,327 1,160 947 893

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 5,192 4,150 6,160 3,296 3,187 2,159 1,134 Q

Two ................................................... 16,270 1,217 1,814 3,966 2,772 2,456 1,896 1,775 Q

Three ................................................ 7,501 343 504 1,115 1,631 1,481 1,418 730 Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 Q Q 292 964 1,822 3,150 2,186 1,516

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 N N Q Q Q 442 1,350 3,036

Table B7. Building Size, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square 

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square 

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 6,789 6,585 11,535 8,668 9,057 9,064 7,176 5,908

Table B7. Building Size, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 24,617 Q 228 1,052 2,917 4,066 5,705 5,566 5,026

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 8,221 Q 228 996 2,193 2,001 1,541 1,066 Q

 Two to Five ..................................... 10,129 N N Q 714 2,041 3,990 2,670 Q

 Six or More ..................................... 6,268 N N Q Q Q Q 1,830 4,218

Any Escalators .................................. 2,350 N Q Q N Q Q 415 1,708

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 4,659 3,323 4,006 1,222 704 804 Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 1,264 1,373 2,075 836 291 Q Q N

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 689 1,109 2,456 1,327 1,157 Q Q N

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 155 689 2,113 2,920 2,865 1,558 533 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 Q Q 692 1,648 2,151 2,014 1,077 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 Q Q Q 667 1,518 2,455 1,706 Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 N N N Q 371 1,452 2,571 5,087

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 1,740 1,289 1,464 727 599 544 Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 1,665 1,751 2,623 1,710 1,802 1,256 507 Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 1,444 1,465 3,210 2,566 2,255 1,809 1,651 1,324

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 727 851 2,095 1,817 1,297 1,791 887 869

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 569 653 827 616 1,496 1,499 1,102 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 644 577 1,316 1,232 1,608 2,166 2,624 2,982

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 49,421 6,043 5,827 9,738 6,659 5,779 5,958 4,803 4,613

 Owner Occupied ............................. 23,591 2,682 2,858 5,028 3,197 2,464 2,919 2,048 2,396

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 23,914 3,162 2,791 4,530 3,141 2,951 2,714 2,408 2,217

 Unoccupied ..................................... 1,916 199 Q Q Q Q Q Q N

Government Owned .......................... 15,363 746 758 1,797 2,009 3,278 3,106 2,373 1,295

 Federal ........................................... 1,956 Q Q Q Q Q Q 545 606

 State ............................................... 3,808 206 Q 604 531 620 1,142 408 Q

 Local ............................................... 9,599 498 620 1,044 1,327 2,557 1,644 1,420 Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 223 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 Q Q Q Q Q Q N N

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 738 706 1,646 1,310 1,563 1,681 1,943 2,795

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 5,813 5,671 9,611 6,888 7,031 6,959 4,845 3,017

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 45,144 5,613 5,304 9,098 5,807 6,218 6,102 4,246 2,756

2 to 5 ................................................ 10,960 916 1,031 1,732 1,837 1,739 1,545 1,361 800

6 to 10 .............................................. 1,958 Q Q 383 355 273 539 Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 1,951 Q N Q Q 337 Q 389 Q

More than 20 ..................................... 2,609 N Q Q Q Q Q 531 1,522

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 2,161 223 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square 

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square 

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 6,789 6,585 11,535 8,668 9,057 9,064 7,176 5,908

Table B7. Building Size, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 32,817 2,735 3,103 6,047 4,841 5,038 4,865 3,800 2,387

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 10,832 1,137 937 1,976 1,551 1,830 1,665 1,252 485

Concrete Panels ............................... 6,559 90 185 367 787 860 1,429 1,142 1,699

Siding or Shingles ............................. 4,120 1,412 862 826 419 Q Q Q Q

Metal Panels ..................................... 7,912 1,280 1,388 2,149 950 721 518 Q Q

Window Glass ................................... 1,024 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,113 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 406 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 21,170 1,296 1,429 2,814 3,216 3,566 3,320 2,386 3,143

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 10,195 2,213 1,688 2,686 1,623 579 486 761 Q

Metal Surfacing ................................. 11,944 1,997 2,024 3,508 1,500 1,348 909 Q Q

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 14,730 580 772 1,494 1,511 2,662 3,134 2,668 1,909

Slate or Tile ...................................... 2,462 397 378 561 429 307 Q Q Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 887 213 Q Q Q Q Q Q N

Concrete ........................................... 2,231 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 598 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 565 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 17,844 1,283 1,640 2,684 2,826 2,495 2,584 2,260 2,072

 Addition or Annex ........................... 6,551 288 379 684 1,000 1,121 1,250 825 1,004

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 1,012 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 13,119 959 1,148 2,072 1,993 1,841 1,900 1,709 1,497

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 8,070 431 746 975 1,024 990 1,271 1,271 1,363

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 8,518 537 644 1,210 968 1,045 1,338 1,323 1,454

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 10,768 461 714 1,548 1,564 1,551 1,644 1,664 1,622

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 10,275 489 715 1,568 1,360 1,489 1,702 1,510 1,442

 Window Replacement .................... 6,354 366 507 987 862 998 938 865 830

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 7,144 326 563 1,045 811 878 1,163 1,163 1,193

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 4,015 334 306 582 562 511 493 690 536

 Other Renovation ........................... 523 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 18,714 2,518 2,529 3,858 2,577 2,194 1,991 2,086 961

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 28,225 2,988 2,416 4,993 3,265 4,369 4,489 2,831 2,875

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 6,346 6,197 11,370 8,385 9,031 9,018 7,051 5,908

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 3,084 3,692 7,053 6,025 6,683 6,645 5,679 4,606

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 600 716 966 825 1,740 2,927 3,400 3,981

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 Q Q 289 369 574 1,399 1,018 1,693

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 Q Q Q 240 332 793 495 822

Propane ............................................ 7,076 806 725 1,014 638 925 989 1,165 Q

Other ................................................ 1,401 199 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square 

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square 

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 6,789 6,585 11,535 8,668 9,057 9,064 7,176 5,908

Table B7. Building Size, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 5,668 5,786 10,387 8,060 8,718 8,710 6,907 5,792

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 5,007 5,408 9,922 7,776 8,331 8,339 6,565 5,591

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 4,759 5,348 9,562 7,734 8,412 8,300 6,680 5,683

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 997 1,136 1,954 2,511 3,575 3,991 4,047 4,025

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 Q 214 472 Q 540 473 605 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 Q Q 491 662 1,921 2,877 2,977 3,694

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 1,121 799 1,148 608 Q Q Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 738 889 1,742 842 916 703 Q Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 731 724 1,420 941 926 779 1,168 1,418

100 ................................................... 45,071 4,198 4,173 7,225 6,278 6,877 7,228 5,404 3,688

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 7,843 1,782 1,177 1,612 893 726 725 Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 16,598 1,206 1,704 3,517 2,369 2,926 1,984 1,822 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 13,211 781 995 2,034 1,479 1,751 1,954 2,057 2,159

100 ................................................... 27,132 3,021 2,710 4,372 3,928 3,654 4,402 2,685 2,360

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 293 Q Q Q Q Q N Q N

1 to 50 .............................................. 10,203 1,372 1,124 2,810 1,705 1,146 1,025 Q Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 18,288 1,482 1,671 3,179 2,807 2,570 2,442 2,389 1,748

100 ................................................... 32,789 3,158 3,233 5,173 3,702 4,903 5,187 3,985 3,448

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 3,210 665 521 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 17,385 3,057 2,782 4,211 2,271 2,088 1,654 1,059 Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 30,948 2,529 2,785 5,545 4,713 4,960 4,909 3,195 2,312

51 to 100 ........................................... 2,093 237 Q 314 Q 374 316 Q Q

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 14,357 965 895 1,465 1,481 1,634 2,185 2,749 2,982

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 685 462 1,400 1,150 1,524 1,245 1,295 1,053

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 400 286 784 740 878 829 671 854

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 257 Q 487 339 467 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 Q Q 255 322 535 499 710 Q

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 2,902 2,891 4,653 2,761 2,086 1,974 1,456 891

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 1,047 1,282 2,129 1,748 1,819 1,625 1,313 1,582

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 Q Q 289 325 549 1,365 1,010 1,528

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 461 773 2,164 2,829 3,497 4,283 3,844 2,573

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 1,159 1,599 2,765 2,449 3,328 2,797 2,156 1,769

Other ................................................ 3,262 330 Q 456 419 450 Q 514 Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square 

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square 

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 6,789 6,585 11,535 8,668 9,057 9,064 7,176 5,908

Table B7. Building Size, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 1,568 1,523 2,173 1,683 1,388 993 1,136 569

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 675 563 1,441 1,155 1,440 1,158 1,273 1,334

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 392 369 847 693 830 792 654 849

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 255 Q 481 377 432 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 Q Q 255 335 506 449 714 612

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 972 1,012 1,740 2,301 1,958 2,259 1,223 1,095

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 Q Q Q 240 332 793 495 822

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 Q Q 456 729 1,722 2,366 3,023 3,278

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 1,957 2,741 5,260 4,264 4,732 4,504 3,834 2,678

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 179 207 378 Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 1,645 1,733 3,440 2,811 2,363 1,735 1,541 1,134

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 1,781 2,122 3,924 3,192 2,895 2,593 2,396 2,091

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 38,528 2,918 3,061 6,424 5,176 5,296 6,042 4,913 4,698

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 59,688 5,579 5,726 10,458 8,001 8,667 8,612 6,839 5,806

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 27,571 1,123 1,109 2,944 3,662 4,330 5,268 4,610 4,526

High Intensity Discharge ................... 20,643 312 686 1,721 2,191 3,646 4,349 3,918 3,819

Halogen ............................................ 17,703 604 781 1,973 2,013 2,599 3,473 2,775 3,485

Other ................................................ 269 Q Q Q N Q Q Q Q

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may apply)

a

Any Refrigeration............................... 52,974 4,333 4,738 8,646 7,068 8,038 8,096 6,238 5,816

 Commercial Refrigeration ............... 26,768 1,310 1,406 2,230 2,829 4,291 5,116 4,606 4,979

 Walk-In Units ................................ 20,254 916 909 1,188 1,626 3,124 4,148 4,199 4,146

 Cases or Cabinets ........................ 20,424 1,100 1,116 1,893 2,185 2,978 3,890 3,270 3,991

 Residential-Type Units .................... 38,884 3,174 3,609 6,725 5,289 5,760 5,667 4,524 4,136

 Vending Machines .......................... 35,335 830 1,407 4,072 4,910 6,342 6,578 5,691 5,506

No Refrigeration ................................ 11,809 2,456 1,847 2,889 1,600 1,019 968 938 Q

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 55,627 3,950 4,777 9,418 7,966 8,680 8,262 6,759 5,816

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 26,417 861 1,312 3,027 3,385 3,765 4,501 4,861 4,704

Dedicated Servers ............................ 36,338 1,211 1,579 4,642 4,871 6,200 6,295 6,091 5,448

Laser Printers ................................... 33,012 2,565 3,033 6,052 5,190 5,342 4,518 3,527 2,785

Inkjet Printers .................................... 32,210 1,648 2,174 4,979 4,581 5,171 5,083 4,041 4,534

FAX Machines .................................. 52,373 3,443 4,077 8,408 7,442 8,424 8,266 6,498 5,816

Photocopiers ..................................... 46,257 2,066 3,101 6,993 6,772 7,669 7,949 6,358 5,349

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square 

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square 

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 6,789 6,585 11,535 8,668 9,057 9,064 7,176 5,908

Table B7. Building Size, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 9,156 2,839 1,808 2,117 702 377 Q Q Q

1 to 4 ................................................ 12,395 2,660 2,707 3,643 1,296 904 799 Q N

5 to 9 ................................................ 7,179 706 1,019 2,035 1,284 1,109 511 Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 6,610 475 556 1,420 1,427 1,208 983 Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 7,414 Q 487 1,498 1,850 1,291 1,015 849 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 5,376 Q Q 659 1,218 1,420 880 784 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,690 Q N Q 823 2,180 1,943 1,228 Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,963 N N N Q 568 2,129 2,828 4,370

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 28,445 5,578 5,006 6,893 3,798 2,857 2,769 1,085 Q

1 to 4 ................................................ 24,116 1,189 1,478 4,173 4,034 4,810 4,085 3,426 921

5 to 9 ................................................ 3,864 Q Q Q 451 744 764 667 874

10 to 19 ............................................. 3,027 Q Q Q Q 370 725 878 767

20 to 49 ............................................. 2,583 N N Q Q Q 523 475 1,103

50 or More ........................................ 2,748 N N Q Q Q Q 645 1,783

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 18,526 4,723 3,484 4,542 1,897 1,388 1,115 Q Q

One ................................................... 15,475 1,621 2,196 4,169 2,706 2,118 1,525 897 Q

2 to 4 ................................................ 15,082 411 846 2,373 3,006 3,529 3,129 1,402 Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 5,515 Q Q 360 636 1,037 1,526 1,600 Q

10 or More ........................................ 10,185 N N Q 425 985 1,770 2,459 4,456

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 996 1,136 1,954 2,500 3,575 3,991 4,047 4,025

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 456 1,021 1,865 2,506 3,183 3,754 3,393 3,303

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 361 608 2,211 3,365 4,857 5,204 5,175 5,092

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 466 583 1,492 2,059 3,184 4,173 3,848 3,792

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 509 593 1,618 2,180 3,419 4,655 4,244 3,891

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 3,363 3,770 7,883 7,144 7,984 8,448 6,822 5,749

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 166 197 850 1,493 2,629 3,682 3,079 3,532

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 2,978 3,265 6,589 5,040 5,692 6,386 4,645 4,315

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 1,580 2,211 4,134 3,633 4,413 4,880 4,559 4,477

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 387 309 986 967 979 1,588 1,565 1,763

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 1,709 1,946 3,208 2,551 2,109 2,473 2,044 1,203

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 351 406 1,095 1,443 2,080 2,360 2,794 2,016

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 Q Q Q 206 376 445 675 744

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 1,010 1,175 2,856 3,599 3,603 4,186 4,932 4,758

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 3,450 3,896 6,942 6,331 7,158 7,105 6,450 5,550

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 4,781 Q Q Q 405 601 892 1,126 1,519

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square 

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square 

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 6,789 6,585 11,535 8,668 9,057 9,064 7,176 5,908

Table B7. Building Size, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 4,120 4,041 7,629 5,654 6,193 5,841 4,918 4,325

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 3,819 3,979 7,515 6,038 6,185 6,088 5,236 4,346

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 5,331 5,358 9,553 6,830 6,792 6,346 4,012 2,765

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 2,164 2,319 4,276 3,124 2,917 2,504 1,701 Q

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to 

the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 330 527 562 579 731 707 876 334

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 174 315 331 298 350 438 481 165

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 71 107 90 120 180 98 158 66

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 55 64 90 95 122 103 151 58

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 19 23 26 33 48 32 39 21

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 7 9 14 22 16 20 28 13

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 Q 5 8 8 10 10 15 8

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 Q 4234442

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 Q 1 1 0 1 2 1Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 12 26 78 60 58 44 75 32

Food Sales ....................................... 226 Q Q Q Q Q 33 56 Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 32 34 30 Q 46 46 66 Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 Q 10 25 10 16 19 36 10

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 Q Q Q 1 2 2 0Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 Q Q Q Q 14 18 36 Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 Q 11 17 25 25 21 30 6

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 37 66 62 59 90 44 68 17

Office ................................................ 824 70 85 75 116 145 153 142 39

Public Assembly ............................... 277 31 36 45 30 44 31 42 18

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 Q Q Q Q Q Q 21 Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 65 52 58 54 41 43 35 23

Service .............................................. 622 Q 90 59 75 117 108 110 42

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 20 39 44 47 78 108 164 98

Other ................................................ 79 Q Q Q Q Q Q 17 Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 Q 35 QQQQQQ

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 122 121 105 108 71 97 69 31

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 139 163 157 131 196 163 228 90

South ................................................ 1,775 47 152 161 192 297 351 411 163

West ................................................. 878 21 91 138 148 167 95 168 51

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 113 80 103 114 131 104 148 63

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 130 155 167 146 185 162 170 57

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 49 103 84 85 95 94 115 46

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 31 126 167 152 232 192 280 95

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 Q 64 40 81 88 153 163 73

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 80 236 374 402 536 536 699 272

Two ................................................... 1,031 116 187 135 122 148 130 141 51

Three ................................................ 339 92 78 46 42 32 21 23 5

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 41 25 6 10 13 16 11 6

Ten or More ...................................... 12 Q 2 1 2 1 3QQ

Table B8. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 330 527 562 579 731 707 876 334

Table B8. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 36 42 25 37 49 42 46 32

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 26 33 18 25 31 20 30 24

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 8 7 5 10 16 19 14 8

 Six or More ..................................... 13 Q 1 1 1 2 3 2Q

Any Escalators .................................. 6 QQQQQQQQ

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 203 325 344 331 394 383 481 192

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 62 97 90 87 118 148 128 49

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 30 51 61 74 91 69 135 49

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 21 37 46 48 85 54 83 25

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 11 10 14 21 23 30 26 13

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 Q 5 5 14 15 14 18 4

250 or More ...................................... 30 Q 2235962

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 115 127 156 130 100 150 150 73

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 72 144 144 122 202 161 212 60

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 62 121 127 139 175 192 181 65

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 44 75 65 75 126 66 91 50

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 25 36 33 51 52 60 106 37

Open Continuously ........................... 475 12 24 37 63 76 77 136 49

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 304 461 463 482 638 624 759 280

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 168 222 213 242 286 273 327 110

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 125 206 227 224 334 326 423 163

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 QQQQQQQQ

Government Owned .......................... 635 25 67 99 97 92 83 117 55

 Federal ........................................... 46 Q 8 QQQQQQ

 State ............................................... 164 Q 15 22 28 25 24 30 Q

 Local ............................................... 425 19 44 74 56 60 55 84 33

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 Q 35 QQQQQQ

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 QQQQQQQQ

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 57 72 57 52 58 85 113 54

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 255 420 475 499 654 591 749 271

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 248 402 449 479 599 545 746 286

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 61 84 78 74 92 111 106 37

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 Q Q Q 7 12 12 Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 QQQQ 7 4QQ

More than 20 ..................................... 14 QQQQ 3 4QQ

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 Q 35 QQQQQQ

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 330 527 562 579 731 707 876 334

Table B8. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 195 348 273 265 296 257 303 107

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 23 65 170 136 126 99 111 58

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 Q Q Q 9 30 33 21 19

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 100 83 71 92 96 109 188 40

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 Q Q 32 66 172 196 236 104

Window Glass ................................... 17 N QQQQ 2QQ

Other ................................................ 47 QQQQQQQQ

No One Major Type ........................... 18 QQQQQQQQ

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 64 178 156 157 178 127 141 35

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 132 134 178 186 190 200 225 80

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 39 65 76 110 224 250 349 174

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 61 79 69 72 72 72 59 27

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 21 47 36 Q 31 25 75 Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 QQQQQQQQ

Concrete ........................................... 61 N QQQQ 9QQ

Other ................................................ 16 N N QQQQQQ

No One Major Type ........................... 25 QQQQQQQQ

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 156 201 225 199 237 N N N

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 21 37 48 65 85 N N N

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 QQQQQNNN

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 127 156 174 138 146 N N N

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 53 81 84 74 78 N N N

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 73 79 85 74 99 N N N

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 70 89 107 75 100 N N N

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 80 100 109 82 84 N N N

 Window Replacement .................... 310 63 70 74 50 53 N N N

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 52 78 84 48 53 N N N

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 46 46 60 29 47 N N N

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 QQQQQNNN

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 173 326 337 380 494 N N N

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 N N N N N 707 876 334

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 318 499 541 571 700 668 809 298

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 200 338 313 309 391 303 419 118

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 75 52 75 61 59 63 49 17

District Heat ...................................... 67 6 12 15 13 6 5 8 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q 4 4 5 5 8Q

Propane ............................................ 502 43 37 52 63 68 90 95 54

Other ................................................ 132 Q Q Q 21 49 Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 330 527 562 579 731 707 876 334

Table B8. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 302 442 493 524 648 618 719 236

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 232 382 430 467 609 577 695 234

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 266 367 416 444 582 531 642 224

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 71 87 119 92 112 112 144 65

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 Q Q Q 17 28 14 19 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 8 8 13 16 28 38 26 12

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 27 85 69 55 83 88 157 98

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 48 60 55 65 68 84 93 50

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 55 70 70 52 82 73 78 18

100 ................................................... 2,962 200 312 368 407 497 460 549 168

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 98 146 132 112 121 129 181 100

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 95 107 125 131 146 151 165 65

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 50 79 81 64 133 90 97 35

100 ................................................... 2,011 87 196 224 272 331 335 433 133

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 47 QQQQQQQQ

1 to 50 .............................................. 929 117 113 125 131 106 131 159 47

51 to 99 ............................................. 1,108 81 124 134 133 199 167 192 77

100 ................................................... 2,176 102 233 253 279 380 348 429 153

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 386 27 54 48 Q 42 56 84 40

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 1,964 171 213 225 255 330 282 334 153

1 to 50 .............................................. 1,882 125 243 266 240 283 285 347 91

51 to 100 ........................................... 136 Q Q Q 18 17 26 19 Q

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 664 24 52 58 66 101 114 176 73

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 Q 31 44 50 82 102 120 39

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 Q Q 25 30 60 63 59 25

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 Q Q Q 14 24 33 55 Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q Q 9 Q 6 10 11 6

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 151 235 259 242 330 252 299 96

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 65 72 120 114 130 119 152 47

District Heat ...................................... 65 Q 12 13 13 6 4 8 Q

Boilers .............................................. 579 105 103 98 82 65 43 56 27

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 25 63 79 106 176 209 226 70

Other ................................................ 205 Q Q Q 24 40 40 35 15

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 330 527 562 579 731 707 876 334

Table B8. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 83 135 115 112 157 165 184 55

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 Q 36 48 50 77 105 122 46

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 Q Q 27 30 55 66 63 26

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 Q Q Q 14 24 33 53 Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q Q 9 Q 6 10 11 7

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 82 109 124 130 121 90 72 14

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q 4 4 5 5 8Q

Central Chillers ................................. 111 4 8 11 22 24 19 16 8

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 81 147 180 201 294 251 334 125

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 Q Q Q Q 35 18 19 Q

Other ................................................ 40 QQQQQQQQ

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 117 177 189 211 290 212 N N

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 133 198 230 250 319 227 N N

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 2,184 229 276 294 295 362 294 327 109

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 3,943 272 447 491 517 651 598 726 242

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 941 75 113 110 111 151 136 177 69

High Intensity Discharge ................... 455 17 34 55 45 81 65 116 42

Halogen ............................................ 565 55 48 62 51 83 76 128 63

Other ................................................ 8 Q N QQQQQQ

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may apply)

Any Refrigeration............................... 3,176 243 342 401 396 511 487 598 199

 Commercial Refrigeration ............... 1,007 77 111 140 112 155 145 189 78

 Walk-In Units ................................ 666 52 61 71 78 109 109 129 58

 Cases or Cabinets ........................ 825 69 92 115 94 121 118 156 59

 Residential-Type Units .................... 2,370 201 256 308 300 379 365 428 134

 Vending Machines .......................... 996 40 93 114 156 175 148 205 65

No Refrigeration ................................ 1,469 87 186 161 183 220 220 278 136

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 198 320 343 398 512 491 609 210

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 41 93 83 117 165 148 169 60

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 56 107 101 154 219 212 235 90

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 132 206 228 272 337 298 368 128

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 86 127 145 165 261 239 303 95

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 172 304 293 352 457 431 544 162

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 132 215 226 250 314 296 371 135

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 330 527 562 579 731 707 876 334

Table B8. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 132 207 219 181 218 216 267 125

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 124 187 204 218 243 263 318 113

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 34 62 52 69 100 94 113 34

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 21 24 28 49 69 53 96 30

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 12 28 31 24 64 35 46 15

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 Q 12 17 18 15 24 14 8

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 4 5 9 14 13 14 14 6

250 or More ...................................... 38 Q 3358973

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 273 420 460 426 512 495 640 244

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 51 100 92 136 202 183 214 83

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 Q Q Q 8 7 12 13 5

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 Q Q Q 4 Q 9 6 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 Q Q Q 2 5 6 Q Q

50 or More ........................................ 10 QQQQ 1 2 1Q

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 198 312 336 329 417 411 504 200

One ................................................... 1,250 92 145 159 163 184 165 258 84

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 34 59 55 67 103 103 85 43

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 Q 9 4 13 17 15 19 5

10 or More ........................................ 54 Q 3 7 7 11 13 9 3

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 71 87 118 90 112 112 144 65

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 33 63 82 69 97 59 117 46

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 27 48 57 73 88 104 109 47

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 16 34 42 38 85 76 126 48

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 18 29 45 53 103 93 105 61

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 170 275 293 327 416 413 511 176

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 7 20 24 33 29 48 66 26

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 156 196 232 225 332 373 500 186

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 67 115 128 144 228 261 276 105

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 13 23 33 26 42 63 74 34

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 88 132 138 165 223 190 215 81

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 21 38 30 30 49 60 70 33

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 Q Q Q Q 14 13 18 4

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 55 93 98 112 143 152 186 89

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 155 274 296 311 439 386 519 196

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 Q Q Q 6 7 10 24 6

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 330 527 562 579 731 707 876 334

Table B8. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 217 317 386 380 473 427 500 179

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 178 292 360 368 454 418 514 177

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 273 429 463 475 603 542 659 241

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 104 172 192 189 239 228 277 104

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web 

site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See 

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 3,769 6,871 7,045 8,101 10,772 10,332 12,360 5,533

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 490 796 860 690 966 1,149 1,324 515

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 502 827 643 865 1,332 721 1,209 486

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 804 988 1,421 1,460 1,869 1,647 2,388 958

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 677 838 935 1,234 1,720 1,174 1,352 739

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 491 641 927 1,483 1,146 1,390 2,058 921

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 Q 704 1,148 1,039 1,411 1,496 1,934 1,060

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 Q 1,288 569 947 1,243 1,237 984 609

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 Q 790 541 382 1,085 1,518 1,111 Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 410 1,036 1,744 1,665 1,410 1,284 1,546 778

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 Q Q Q Q Q 188 281 Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 281 138 194 Q 227 182 327 Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 Q 203 445 395 754 522 578 185

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 Q Q 318 304 556 358 161 Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 Q Q Q Q 197 164 416 Q

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 Q Q 276 744 840 980 807 489

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 220 445 360 543 900 361 1,080 407

Office ................................................ 12,208 749 1,186 917 1,335 2,162 3,296 1,913 650

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 323 353 780 408 594 448 734 301

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 Q Q Q Q Q Q 327 Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 586 334 603 502 412 414 566 338

Service .............................................. 4,050 Q 473 440 447 996 511 777 263

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 254 1,208 567 1,051 1,462 1,501 2,723 1,312

Other ................................................ 1,738 Q Q Q Q Q Q 492 Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 Q 465 QQQQQQ

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 1,406 2,504 2,094 1,737 1,723 1,374 1,370 698

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 1,552 2,099 2,027 2,229 3,237 1,949 2,746 1,240

South ................................................ 23,489 516 1,348 1,795 2,538 3,726 4,768 6,241 2,557

West ................................................. 11,310 295 920 1,128 1,597 2,086 2,241 2,004 1,038

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 1,227 1088 1075 1,405 2,215 1031 1,838 742

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 1,407 2,217 2,445 2,302 2,967 2,357 2,492 1,148

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 731 1,960 1,388 1,509 1,729 1,673 1,602 912

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 281 1,218 1,596 1,883 2,508 3,115 3,741 1,396

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 Q 388 541 1,001 1,354 2,156 2,687 1,334

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 348 1,730 2,771 3,474 4,484 3,856 6,577 2,742

Two ................................................... 16,270 913 1,539 2,095 2,188 2,977 2,336 2,976 1,245

Three ................................................ 7,501 856 1,396 1,218 795 946 724 960 605

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 1,393 1,525 485 1,013 1,570 1,924 1,485 690

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 Q 681 475 630 797 1,492 Q Q

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 3,769 6,871 7,045 8,101 10,772 10,332 12,360 5,533

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 24,617 1,624 2,976 1,989 2,914 3,790 4,941 4,093 2,290

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 8,221 588 998 806 1,164 1,103 981 1,687 893

 Two to Five ..................................... 10,129 815 1,334 672 1,123 1,501 2,168 1,577 939

 Six or More ..................................... 6,268 Q 644 512 626 1,187 1,792 830 Q

Any Escalators .................................. 2,350 QQQQQQQQ

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 1,262 2,211 1,897 1,967 2,456 1,625 2,644 1,431

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 524 608 634 642 1,016 1,035 1,206 500

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 481 1,053 896 825 1,331 889 1,565 763

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 713 909 1,536 1,408 1,886 1,274 2,289 973

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 400 668 712 1,201 1,092 1,432 1,557 871

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 Q 518 604 1,145 1,230 1,403 1,338 471

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 Q 903 767 913 1,760 2,674 1,760 524

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 811 841 888 990 977 830 900 625

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 563 1,339 1,725 1,200 1,987 1,891 2,103 813

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 898 2,058 1,608 2,217 2,522 2,643 2,749 1,028

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 615 1,009 1,105 1,103 1,778 1,734 1,950 1,041

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 337 398 619 855 1,157 846 1,974 906

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 545 1,227 1,100 1,735 2,351 2,388 2,684 1,120

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 49,421 3,119 4,879 4,994 5,660 8,167 8,564 9,529 4,508

 Owner Occupied ............................. 23,591 1,716 2,883 2,514 2,917 3,410 4,095 4,039 2,016

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 23,914 1,357 1,597 2,252 2,452 4,315 4,336 5,289 2,315

 Unoccupied ..................................... 1,916 QQQQQQQQ

Government Owned .......................... 15,363 650 1,992 2,050 2,441 2,605 1,768 2,830 1,025

 Federal ........................................... 1,956 Q Q Q 333 QQQQ

 State ............................................... 3,808 Q 282 377 819 738 566 713 Q

 Local ............................................... 9,599 440 1,020 1,551 1,289 1,572 1,094 1,758 874

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 Q 465 QQQQQQ

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 QQQQQQQQ

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 994 1,623 1,063 1,342 1,751 2,599 1,953 1,056

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 2,519 4,784 5,629 6,283 8,568 7,581 10,197 4,272

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 45,144 2,460 4,557 5,229 5,582 7,604 6,287 9,151 4,273

2 to 5 ................................................ 10,960 788 997 1,145 1,476 1,552 2,142 2,080 780

6 to 10 .............................................. 1,958 Q Q Q 306 297 387 Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 1,951 Q Q Q Q 277 491 Q Q

More than 20 ..................................... 2,609 Q Q Q Q 600 882 Q Q

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 2,161 Q 465 QQQQQQ

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 3,769 6,871 7,045 8,101 10,772 10,332 12,360 5,533

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 32,817 2,987 5,611 4,324 4,157 4,469 4,435 4,960 1,874

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 10,832 178 784 1,734 1,936 1,964 1,546 1,615 1,075

Concrete Panels ............................... 6,559 Q Q Q 557 1,362 1,676 1,740 1059

Siding or Shingles ............................. 4,120 518 325 343 409 595 522 1,179 228

Metal Panels ..................................... 7,912 Q Q 439 747 1,757 1,512 2,356 1016

Window Glass ................................... 1,024 N Q Q Q Q 289 Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,113 QQQQQQQQ

No One Major Type ........................... 406 QQQQQQQQ

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 21,170 1,202 2,825 2,619 3,154 3,875 3,538 3,020 937

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 10,195 1,171 878 1,298 1,304 1,415 1,450 1,829 849

Metal Surfacing ................................. 11,944 218 328 526 994 1,955 2,014 4,101 1,807

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 14,730 658 1,328 1,544 2,160 2,581 2,218 2,656 1,584

Slate or Tile ...................................... 2,462 293 562 330 Q 341 239 388 Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 887 QQQQQQQQ

Concrete ........................................... 2,231 N Q Q Q Q 365 Q Q

Other ................................................ 598 N N QQQQQQ

No One Major Type ........................... 565 QQQQQQQQ

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 17,844 1,861 3,353 3,932 3,805 4,893 N N N

 Addition or Annex ........................... 6,551 517 934 1,618 1,433 2,048 N N N

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 1,012 QQQQQNNN

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 13,119 1,490 2,460 2,801 2,958 3,410 N N N

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 8,070 700 1,549 1,919 1,910 1,993 N N N

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 8,518 823 1,713 1,655 1,957 2,370 N N N

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 10,768 951 2,196 2,289 2,616 2,716 N N N

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 10,275 1,076 2,141 2,266 2,359 2,433 N N N

 Window Replacement .................... 6,354 759 1,626 1,706 1,209 1,054 N N N

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 7,144 730 1,671 1,611 1,603 1,527 N N N

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 4,015 565 911 736 934 869 N N N

 Other Renovation ........................... 523 QQQQQNNN

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 18,714 1,908 3,518 3,113 4,296 5,879 N N N

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 28,225 NNNNN 10,332 12,360 5,533

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 3,730 6,595 6,838 8,057 10,555 10,154 12,078 5,299

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 2,759 4,679 4,659 5,635 7,659 6,469 8,177 3,431

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 961 1,986 2,048 1,685 2,187 3,079 2,086 1,125

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 294 1,207 705 853 588 888 705 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 Q Q 359 446 456 531 804 Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 338 961 726 746 1,222 922 1,428 733

Other ................................................ 1,401 Q Q Q 281 401 Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 3,769 6,871 7,045 8,101 10,772 10,332 12,360 5,533

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 3,667 6,236 6,534 7,510 10,223 9,808 11,254 4,796

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 2,891 4,919 6,045 7,125 9,973 9,836 11,304 4,848

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 3,353 5,292 5,924 7,202 9,787 9,420 10,816 4,683

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 1,362 2,242 3,156 2,669 3,431 3,677 3,597 2,104

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 Q Q Q 514 537 429 572 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 232 852 1,210 1,442 2,275 3,238 2,401 1,171

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 102 635 511 591 549 524 1,106 737

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 635 819 506 557 998 1,054 1,370 911

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 676 1,066 869 867 1,248 1,361 1,480 540

100 ................................................... 45,071 2,356 4,351 5,159 6,086 7,978 7,394 8,403 3,345

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 7,843 878 1,952 999 976 799 496 1,056 686

1 to 50 .............................................. 16,598 1,320 1,990 2,083 2,202 2,751 2,061 3,000 1,190

51 to 99 ............................................. 13,211 728 1,445 1,490 1,734 2,112 2,324 2,421 956

100 ................................................... 27,132 842 1,484 2,473 3,189 5,110 5,450 5,883 2,701

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 293 QQQQQQQQ

1 to 50 .............................................. 10,203 1,264 1,417 1,295 1,456 1,117 1,193 1,653 808

51 to 99 ............................................. 18,288 1,132 1,731 2,026 2,437 3,487 3,077 3,074 1,324

100 ................................................... 32,789 1,132 3,166 3,313 3,824 5,645 5,752 7,024 2,933

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 3,210 225 530 400 Q 516 291 494 389

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 17,385 1,538 1,962 1,699 1,988 2,965 2,065 3,309 1,860

1 to 50 .............................................. 30,948 1,587 3,289 3,977 4,114 5,001 5,317 5,535 2,127

51 to 100 ........................................... 2,093 Q Q Q 260 274 427 659 Q

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 14,357 584 1,503 1,307 1,739 2,532 2,523 2,857 1,311

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 Q 622 848 827 1,378 2,018 1,974 999

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 Q Q 540 512 1,019 1,528 1,031 556

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 Q Q Q 336 426 451 738 Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 Q Q 283 Q 238 626 442 446

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 1,350 2,085 2,475 2,346 3,612 2,418 3,971 1,359

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 782 1,427 1,442 1,469 2,393 1,799 2,433 800

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 Q 1,203 661 786 573 780 691 Q

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 1,926 2,744 3,081 2,957 3,339 2,803 2,257 1,316

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 390 979 1,422 1,993 3,443 3,816 4,067 1,911

Other ................................................ 3,262 Q Q Q 242 779 641 814 401

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 3,769 6,871 7,045 8,101 10,772 10,332 12,360 5,533

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 722 1,573 1,175 1,421 1,961 1,397 2,066 720

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 Q 653 888 794 1,392 2,055 2,038 1,064

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 Q Q 527 479 997 1,522 987 582

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 Q Q Q 336 400 468 693 Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 Q Q 283 Q 298 698 581 460

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 1,278 1,534 2,594 1,888 2,065 1,342 1,366 492

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 Q Q 359 446 456 531 804 Q

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 392 1,063 891 1,776 2,323 2,801 1,426 963

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 1,198 2,847 3,023 3,596 5,400 4,855 6,264 2,787

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 Q Q Q Q 483 324 252 Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 QQQQQQQQ

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 1,309 2,176 2,567 2,983 4,287 3,080 N N

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 1,714 2,560 3,412 4,169 5,275 3,865 N N

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 38,528 2,663 4,107 4,324 4,866 7,003 6,213 6,466 2,885

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 59,688 3,430 6,078 6,488 7,739 10,048 9,743 11,358 4,803

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 27,571 1,300 2,827 2,461 3,605 4,613 5,286 4,899 2,581

High Intensity Discharge ................... 20,643 536 2,351 2,105 2,284 3,530 3,417 4,419 2,002

Halogen ............................................ 17,703 881 1,225 1,973 1,798 2,921 3,384 3,352 2,169

Other ................................................ 269 Q N QQQQQQ

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may apply)

Any Refrigeration............................... 52,974 2,939 5,006 6,028 6,610 8,830 8,725 10,347 4,488

 Commercial Refrigeration ............... 26,768 1,297 2,580 3,544 3,090 4,422 4,728 4,568 2,539

 Walk-In Units ................................ 20,254 990 1,853 2,399 2,324 3,461 3,840 3,341 2,046

 Cases or Cabinets ........................ 20,424 951 1,829 2,712 2,452 3,517 3,659 3,390 1,914

 Residential-Type Units .................... 38,884 2,323 4,088 4,700 4,898 6,412 6,253 7,130 3,081

 Vending Machines .......................... 35,335 1,074 3,426 3,332 4,699 6,208 6,219 7,248 3,127

No Refrigeration ................................ 11,809 830 1,865 1,017 1,491 1,943 1,607 2,012 1,045

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 55,627 3,008 5,546 5,690 7,076 9,391 9,427 10,778 4,712

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 26,417 997 2,729 2,275 3,234 4,887 5,227 4,835 2,232

Dedicated Servers ............................ 36,338 1,428 3,502 3,207 4,600 6,083 7,254 7,067 3,198

Laser Printers ................................... 33,012 1,991 3,431 3,818 4,501 5,719 5,037 5,942 2,574

Inkjet Printers .................................... 32,210 1,581 2,518 2,888 3,793 5,648 6,132 6,775 2,875

FAX Machines .................................. 52,373 2,692 5,136 5,380 6,501 8,944 9,052 10,428 4,241

Photocopiers ..................................... 46,257 2,173 4,289 5,011 5,828 7,922 8,081 9,146 3,805

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 3,769 6,871 7,045 8,101 10,772 10,332 12,360 5,533

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 9,156 761 1,325 1,355 1,025 1,382 905 1,582 821

1 to 4 ................................................ 12,395 1,072 1,389 1,560 1,626 1,920 1,465 2,323 1,040

5 to 9 ................................................ 7,179 353 1,022 749 799 1,143 878 1,653 583

10 to 19 ............................................. 6,610 621 280 367 793 1,315 1,146 1,484 604

20 to 49 ............................................. 7,414 343 591 874 828 1,369 981 1,660 768

50 to 99 ............................................. 5,376 Q 790 633 749 615 1,158 900 346

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,690 321 467 719 1011 1,128 1,138 1,109 798

250 or More ...................................... 9,963 Q 1,007 789 1,270 1,901 2,661 1,650 573

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 28,445 2,341 3,370 3,838 3,501 4,690 3,078 5,293 2,335

1 to 4 ................................................ 24,116 1,108 2,196 2,140 3,365 4,122 4,074 4,729 2,383

5 to 9 ................................................ 3,864 Q Q 329 316 559 733 852 327

10 to 19 ............................................. 3,027 Q Q Q 397 426 645 645 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 2,583 Q Q Q 357 580 984 Q Q

50 or More ........................................ 2,748 Q Q Q Q 396 819 560 Q

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 18,526 1,596 2,582 2,034 2,273 2,850 2,251 3,213 1,728

One ................................................... 15,475 942 1,517 1,865 1,815 2,473 1,828 3,684 1,351

2 to 4 ................................................ 15,082 897 1,210 1,561 2,115 2,415 2,625 2,850 1,409

5 to 9 ................................................ 5,515 Q Q 443 828 990 936 1029 476

10 or More ........................................ 10,185 Q 906 1,142 1,070 2,044 2,692 1,584 570

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 1,362 2,242 3,145 2,667 3,431 3,677 3,597 2,104

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 842 1,752 2,318 2,413 3,394 3,332 3,518 1,912

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 893 2,605 2,724 3,459 4,548 5,488 4,680 2,476

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 775 1,163 1,526 2,001 3,338 4,459 4,259 2,076

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 645 1,529 1,444 2,519 4,071 4,606 4,113 2,182

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 2,526 5,413 5,145 6,217 8,562 8,728 10,138 4,433

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 365 1,195 1,415 2,156 2,337 3,585 3,069 1,509

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 2,187 3,565 3,894 3,813 6,000 6,907 8,351 4,193

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 874 2,373 2,319 3,511 5,312 6,267 6,177 3,053

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 264 579 736 674 1,474 1,861 1,706 1,251

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 939 1,503 1,705 2,338 2,932 2,878 3,411 1,537

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 566 1,301 800 1,359 1,950 2,821 2,809 941

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 Q Q Q Q 365 758 613 400

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 1,184 2,959 2,197 3,166 4,242 4,850 5,080 2,439

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 2,293 4,825 4,820 5,742 7,772 8,207 8,953 4,270

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 4,781 Q Q Q 404 830 1,372 1,095 514

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 3,769 6,871 7,045 8,101 10,772 10,332 12,360 5,533

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 2,432 4,062 5,080 5,661 7,210 7,206 7,755 3,316

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 2,244 3,884 4,974 5,408 7,177 7,572 8,365 3,580

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 2,905 4,947 5,495 5,932 7,754 7,266 8,827 3,864

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 1,180 2,143 2,872 2,526 3,017 2,596 3,556 1,506

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web 

site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See 

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,136 1,031 339 128 12 64,783 25,981 16,270 7,501 10,085 4,947

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,014 411 115 Q N 6,789 5,192 1,217 343 Q N

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 564 239 70 Q N 6,585 4,150 1,814 504 Q N

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 399 248 74 18 Q 11,535 6,160 3,966 1,115 292 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 92 77 46 26 Q 8,668 3,296 2,772 1,631 964 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 46 35 21 25 Q 9,057 3,187 2,456 1,481 1,822 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 16 13 11 23 3 9,064 2,159 1,896 1,418 3,150 442

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 4 6 3 8 4 7,176 1,134 1,775 730 2,186 1,350

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 Q Q Q 2 3 5,908 Q Q Q 1,516 3,036

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 281 60 31 14 Q 9,874 3,696 2,911 1,639 1,585 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 226 183 29 Q Q N 1,255 961 263 Q Q N

Food Service ..................................... 297 210 54 28 Q N 1,654 937 379 176 Q N

Health Care ....................................... 129 69 38 14 6 1 3,163 522 523 378 1,178 561

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 Q Q Q 3 1 1,905 Q Q Q 989 527

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 68 37 Q 3 Q 1,258 441 428 Q 189 Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 48 52 17 23 3 5,096 646 950 618 2,007 875

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 311 103 25 Q Q 4,317 2,742 932 416 Q Q

Office ................................................ 824 441 234 98 44 6 12,208 2,460 2,269 1,810 2,644 3,025

Public Assembly ............................... 277 168 81 16 11 Q 3,939 1,448 1,428 308 693 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 50 Q Q Q Q 1,090 371 Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 193 134 40 Q N 3,754 1,255 1,613 737 Q N

Service .............................................. 622 510 95 Q Q N 4,050 2,713 1,000 Q Q N

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 493 84 Q Q Q 10,078 6,637 2,684 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 79 57 15 Q 4 Q 1,738 630 375 Q 518 Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 122 38 Q Q N 2,567 963 780 Q Q N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 80 116 92 41 Q 3,769 348 913 856 1,393 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 236 187 78 25 2 6,871 1,730 1,539 1,396 1,525 681

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 374 135 46 6 1 7,045 2,771 2,095 1,218 485 475

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 402 122 42 10 2 8,101 3,474 2,188 795 1,013 630

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 536 148 32 13 1 10,772 4,484 2,977 946 1,570 797

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 536 130 21 16 3 10,332 3,856 2,336 724 1,924 1,492

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 699 141 23 11 Q 12,360 6,577 2,976 960 1,485 Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 272 51 5 6 Q 5,533 2,742 1,245 605 690 Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 312 230 130 50 4 12,905 3,151 3,029 2,083 3,003 1,640

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 801 328 107 29 2 17,080 6,104 5,177 2,584 2,660 555

South ................................................ 1,775 1,381 289 68 33 4 23,489 11,757 4,946 1,938 3,094 1,754

West ................................................. 878 642 183 35 16 3 11,310 4,969 3,118 896 1,328 999

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 526 214 90 25 1 10,622 3,750 3,146 1,664 1,731 330

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 677 333 126 34 3 17,335 6,253 4,867 2,643 2,525 1,047

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 400 159 70 40 4 11,504 3,156 2,623 1,228 2,744 1,752

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1,017 198 41 17 3 15,739 8,011 3,423 1,473 1,982 850

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 516 127 12 12 2 9,584 4,810 2,210 492 1,103 968

Table B10. Number of Floors, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,136 1,031 339 128 12 64,783 25,981 16,270 7,501 10,085 4,947

Table B10. Number of Floors, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 N 121 91 85 12 24,617 N 5,636 4,758 9,276 4,947

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 N 110 69 30 Q 8,221 N 4,446 2,416 1,355 Q

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 N 10 22 51 5 10,129 N 1,129 2,178 5,851 971

 Six or More ..................................... 13 N Q Q 5 7 6,268 N Q Q 2,069 3,973

Any Escalators .................................. 6 N Q Q 2 2 2,350 N Q Q 631 1,443

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,005 491 134 23 N 15,492 9,898 3,706 1,282 605 N

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 515 174 77 12 Q 6,166 3,480 1,627 637 404 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 333 162 48 20 Q 7,803 3,538 2,277 942 1,040 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 198 134 40 24 Q 10,989 4,535 3,664 1,325 1,249 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 69 41 19 17 Q 7,934 2,649 2,254 1,321 1,470 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 13 25 18 19 2 6,871 1,250 1,774 1,341 2,134 372

250 or More ...................................... 30 3 4 3 13 7 9,528 630 968 653 3,182 4,095

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 736 204 53 8 N 6,863 3,647 2,112 604 499 N

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 757 254 81 25 Q 11,622 5,372 3,560 1,408 971 Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 689 251 88 30 3 15,723 6,878 3,843 1,807 2,031 1,164

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 362 145 61 21 2 10,334 4,008 2,531 1,549 1,372 875

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 304 60 26 10 Q 7,092 3,103 1,938 752 1,127 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 475 287 117 31 34 5 13,149 2,974 2,286 1,380 4,084 2,425

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 2,675 921 303 102 10 49,421 20,203 12,450 5,694 6,678 4,396

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 1,119 478 175 65 4 23,591 8,613 5,914 3,061 3,822 2,181

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 1,454 414 120 36 6 23,914 10,719 5,901 2,402 2,677 2,215

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 102 29 Q Q N 1,916 870 636 Q Q N

Government Owned .......................... 635 461 110 37 26 2 15,363 5,779 3,819 1,807 3,406 551

 Federal ........................................... 46 35 Q Q 2 0 1,956 902 Q Q 650 136

 State ............................................... 164 114 28 9 13 Q 3,808 917 842 349 1,531 Q

 Local ............................................... 425 312 79 22 11 Q 9,599 3,959 2,834 1,332 1,226 Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 111 33 Q Q N 2,161 889 652 Q Q N

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q Q Q Q N 406 Q Q Q Q N

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 323 120 57 43 6 12,382 2,671 2,495 1,565 2,791 2,859

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 2,691 872 264 82 6 49,834 22,347 12,994 5,544 6,861 2,088

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 2,670 757 244 79 3 45,144 20,956 11,910 5,084 5,860 1,332

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 333 211 64 31 3 10,960 3,717 2,858 1,279 2,335 772

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 17 19 9 8 Q 1,958 265 527 259 697 Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 Q Q 5 5 1 1,951 Q Q 481 496 693

More than 20 ..................................... 14 Q Q Q 2 3 2,609 Q Q Q 345 1,940

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 111 33 Q Q N 2,161 889 652 Q Q N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,136 1,031 339 128 12 64,783 25,981 16,270 7,501 10,085 4,947

Table B10. Number of Floors, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 1,181 550 221 87 6 32,817 11,171 8,286 4,955 6,221 2,183

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 586 153 29 15 2 10,832 4,865 3,076 885 1,399 607

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 78 32 8 11 2 6,559 2,027 1,475 450 1,510 1,098

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 541 161 70 Q Q 4,120 2,247 1,121 663 Q Q

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 717 98 Q Q Q 7,912 5,364 1,836 Q Q Q

Window Glass ................................... 17 Q Q Q 3 Q 1,024 Q Q Q 336 Q

Other ................................................ 47 Q 26 Q Q Q 1,113 Q 257 Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 18 Q Q Q Q Q 406 Q Q Q Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 635 266 77 52 6 21,170 6,713 5,475 2,370 4,042 2,571

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 869 320 113 21 Q 10,195 4,557 3,249 1,305 839 Q

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 1,086 172 28 Q Q 11,944 8,397 2,678 559 Q Q

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 259 145 68 34 4 14,730 4,041 3,241 2,193 3,650 1,605

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 144 70 38 11 Q 2,462 793 642 605 385 Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 76 36 Q Q Q 887 363 317 Q Q Q

Concrete ........................................... 61 42 Q Q 4 Q 2,231 808 Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 16 Q Q Q Q Q 598 Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 25 Q Q Q Q Q 565 Q Q Q Q Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 521 308 140 44 5 17,844 4,985 5,121 2,878 3,047 1,812

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 146 68 28 13 1 6,551 1,731 2,188 1,024 1,025 582

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 Q Q Q Q Q 1,012 Q Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 345 246 110 37 3 13,119 3,416 3,935 1,852 2,442 1,474

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 182 118 50 19 2 8,070 1,892 2,625 1,010 1,525 1,018

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 183 135 64 25 3 8,518 1,905 2,622 1,024 1,706 1,261

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 177 157 72 31 3 10,768 2,362 3,053 1,576 2,302 1,476

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 202 151 71 27 3 10,275 2,335 3,084 1,448 2,092 1,317

 Window Replacement .................... 310 118 110 59 22 1 6,354 1,189 1,965 1,001 1,412 787

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 140 108 45 19 2 7,144 1,510 2,200 782 1,510 1,142

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 106 75 29 17 1 4,015 1,121 1,154 470 852 417

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 Q Q Q Q Q 523 Q Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 1,107 401 149 51 2 18,714 7,821 4,592 2,333 2,939 1,029

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 1,507 322 50 33 5 28,225 13,174 6,557 2,289 4,099 2,105

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 2,919 1,011 333 128 12 63,307 24,935 15,978 7,381 10,065 4,947

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 1,431 617 242 93 9 43,468 14,940 11,441 5,668 7,670 3,749

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 209 142 57 34 9 15,157 2,518 2,724 1,914 4,101 3,899

District Heat ...................................... 67 14 19 11 20 3 5,443 Q 515 458 2,473 1,366

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 10 6 4 11 1 2,853 259 302 262 1,458 571

Propane ............................................ 502 362 98 35 6 Q 7,076 3,403 2,004 923 512 Q

Other ................................................ 61 35 Q Q Q Q 909 338 Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,136 1,031 339 128 12 64,783 25,981 16,270 7,501 10,085 4,947

Table B10. Number of Floors, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 2,566 960 319 125 12 60,028 22,744 15,408 7,198 9,744 4,933

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 2,340 864 290 120 12 56,940 21,419 14,544 6,437 9,673 4,867

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 2,134 899 304 124 11 56,478 20,164 14,914 6,915 9,688 4,796

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 462 201 90 42 6 22,237 5,784 5,265 2,909 5,021 3,258

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 79 27 Q 2 Q 3,138 1,127 1,095 Q 305 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 59 39 19 25 7 12,821 1,835 2,177 1,398 3,914 3,496

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 2,184 1,191 628 254 102 10 38,528 10,640 9,812 5,620 8,192 4,264

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 3,943 2,583 916 310 122 11 59,688 22,875 15,172 7,057 9,691 4,893

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 941 456 295 108 71 10 27,571 5,431 6,571 3,914 7,324 4,332

High Intensity Discharge ................... 455 260 116 41 32 6 20,643 6,176 4,893 2,582 4,088 2,904

Halogen ............................................ 565 278 186 53 42 7 17,703 3,811 4,590 2,026 4,145 3,131

Other ................................................ 8 Q Q Q Q Q 269 Q Q Q Q Q

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 1,293 602 216 83 7 38,910 12,346 10,522 5,410 7,340 3,291

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 841 338 90 46 8 29,887 9,736 7,347 3,429 5,541 3,835

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 193 72 27 13 3 8,544 1,856 2,015 1,353 1,748 1,571

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 817 282 93 39 2 17,242 7,117 4,490 2,075 2,631 930

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 166 94 46 21 3 12,546 2,783 3,446 1,664 3,032 1,621

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 37 25 4 7 1 2,868 442 695 314 887 531

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 561 222 84 52 8 26,118 7,764 5,520 3,187 5,960 3,686

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 1,679 590 197 100 11 46,882 16,453 10,947 5,686 9,015 4,780

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 38 10 4 6 2 4,781 1,153 962 370 1,091 1,204

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to 

the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED