COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA

Present: Judges Fr ank, Humphreys and Haley Argued at Salem, Virginia

KATHY CORENA WALK MEMORANDUM OPINION * BY v. Record No. 1335-07-3 J UDGE ROBERT J. HUMPHREYS APRIL 1, 2008 ROBERT BAILEY WALK

FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF TAZEWELL COUNTY Michael L. Moore, Judge Thomas R. Scott, Jr. (Stree t Law Firm, LLP, on briefs), for appellant. Gregory Matney (Campbell & Matney, on brief), for appellee.

Kathy Corena Walk (“wife”) appeals a s pousal support award entered pursuant to her divorce from Robert Bailey Walk (“husband”). Wi fe argues that the circuit court abused its discretion in setting the amount of spousal support. Wife pres ents two bases for her argument. First, wife argues that the circuit court failed to require husband to support her in the manner to which she was accustomed during the marriage. Second, wife argues th at the circuit court improperly awarded her a greater percentage of th e marital property in order to pay for expenses properly covered by spousal support. For the follo wing reasons, we agree with wife that the circuit court improperly distributed the marital property. 1 Accordingly, we reverse the circuit

court’s decision and remand the case for furthe r proceedings consistent with this opinion.

* Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opin ion is not designated for publication.

1 Wife concedes that by reversing the circu it court for improperly distributing the marital property, we need not consider her first question presented.- 2 - Analysis “On appeal, we construe the evidence in the light most favorable to the appellee.”

Pinkard v. Pinkard , 12 Va. App. 848, 850, 407 S.E.2d 339, 340 (1991). “That principle requires us to discard the evidence of the appellant which conflicts, either directly or inferentially, with the evidence presented by the appellee at trial.” Congdon v. Congdon , 40 Va. App. 255, 258, 578 S.E.2d 833, 835 (2003). A circuit court has “broad discretion in setting spousal support and its determination ‘will not be disturbed except for a clear abuse of discretion.’” Brooks v. Brooks , 27 Va. App. 314, 317, 498 S.E.2d 461, 463 (1998) (quoting Dodge v. Dodge , 2 Va. App. 238, 246, 343 S.E.2d 363, 367 (1986)). “In exercising its discretion, the [circuit] court mu st consider all the factors enumerated in Code § 20-107.1(E) when fashioning its award.” Miller v. Cox , 44 Va. App. 674, 679, 607 S.E.2d 126, 128 (2005); see Code § 20-107.1(F) (requiring that “any order granting, reserving or denying a request fo r spousal support shall be accompanied by written findings and conclusions of the court identifying the f actors in [Code § 20-107.1(E)] which support the court’s order”). 2 One of the factors the circuit court must consider under Code § 20-107.1(E) is “[t]he provisions made with regard to th e marital property under [Code] § 20-107.3,” the equitable distribution statute. Although a circuit court must consider the equitable distri bution in determining spousal support, “[w]e have recognized a distinction between equitable dist ribution awards made

2 The circuit court awarded spousal support to wife, but did not provide any written findings or conclusions identifying the factors supporting that decision. The circuit court’s failure to do so is an abuse of discretion. See e.g. , Robinson v. Robinson , 50 Va. App. 189, 648 S.E.2d 314 (2007). However, wife does not raise th e issue on appeal and we decline to reverse the circuit court on a ground not raised by the parties. See Rule 5A:20(c); e.g. , Cruz v. Commonwealth , 12 Va. App. 661, 664 n.1, 406 S.E.2d 406, 407 n.1 (1991).- 3 - pursuant to Code § 20-107.3 and spousal support awards made pursuant to Code § 20-107.1.”

Moreno v. Moreno , 24 Va. App. 190, 201, 480 S.E.2d 792, 798 (1997). In a divorce case, where a claim for [support] is made by a wife who has been held blameless for the marital breach, the law imposes upon the husband the dut y, within the limits of his financial ability, to maintain hi s former wife according to the station in life to which she was accustomed during the marriage. Via v. Via , 14 Va. App. 868, 870, 419 S.E.2d 431, 433 (1992). It is that “l egal duty flowing from one spouse to the other by virtue of the ma rital relationship” that forms the basis for a spousal support award under Code § 20-107.1. Brown v. Brown , 5 Va. App. 238, 246, 361 S.E.2d 364, 368 (1987). “The ‘equitable distribution’ statute, however, is intended to recognize a marriage as a partnership and to provide a mean s to equitably divide the wealth accumulated during and by that partnership.” Williams v. Williams , 4 Va. App. 19, 24, 354 S.E.2d 64, 66 (1987). Equitable distribution is the delineation of property right s, whereas spousal support is the enforcement of a legal duty. In light of those principles, we have held that it is improper for a circuit court to consider spousal support obligations in distributing marital property. See Lightburn v. Lightburn , 22 Va. App. 612, 619, 472 S.E.2d 281, 284 (1996) (“A trial court determines dist ribution of marital property without regard for the considerations of spousal support and the factors in Code § 20-107.1.”). We have held the converse to be tr ue as well – a circuit court cannot take marital property that a spouse is entitled to under C ode § 20-107.3 to satisfy that spouse’s support obligations under Code § 20-107.1. See Zipf v. Zipf , 8 Va. App. 387, 399, 382 S.E.2d 263, 269 (1989) (“The law does not require the spouse who seeks support to exhaust his or her own estate in order to qualify [for spousal support], reliev ing the other spouse of all obligation of support until that estate is depleted.”).- 4 - Here, the circuit court gave wife a 60% share of the marital property in equitable distribution. In doing so, the court awarded her approximately $14,000 more than she would have received had the court divided the property ev enly. In its ruling, the circuit court explained that it gave wife a larger portion of the marital property because of the increased health insurance costs she would incur upon divorce. 3 However, health care insu rance is an expense properly considered in determining a spousal s upport award, not equitable distribution. See Lassen v.

Lassen , 8 Va. App. 502, 506, 383 S.E.2d 471, 473 (1989) (“ There is no statutory mandate that health care coverage be provide d, though physical and medical c ondition of the parties is one

fact a court must c onsider in awarding spousal support .” (emphasis added)). Thus, the additional $14,000 in marital property must be considered an award of spousal support. As such, the award was improper. Marital property cannot be used to satisfy sp ousal support obligations. The circuit court violated the statutory scheme by granting wife additional marital property to supplement her spousal support award. In doing so, the circuit court abused its discretion and we are obliged to reverse its decision.

Conclusion Based on the foregoing, we reverse and re mand the decision of the circuit court.

Reversed and remanded.

3 Wife was covered by a health insuran ce plan provided by husband’s employer and would no longer be eligible for that plan upon divorce.