# #04.5

Building Technologies Program 

# U.S. Department of Energy Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products and Commercial and Industrial Equipment 

## Framework Document Public Meeting on Energy Conservation Standards for Residential Clothes

Dryers and Room Air Conditioners

October 24, 2007 Washington, DC

http://www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/clothes_dryers.html http://www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/residential/room_ac.htmi

# Welcome and Introduction

• Introductions • Role of the Facilitator • Ground Rules (norms) - Listen as an ally - Use short, succinct statements/keep to the point - Hold sidebar conversations outside the room - Focus on issues, not personalities - One person speak at a time (raise hand to be recognized; state your name for the record) - Set cell phones to silent/vibrate • Housekeeping Items • Agenda Review • Opening Remarks

2U .S. sDe 

### Energy Efficiency flanewA"

9:00 - 9:05 am 9:05 - 9:15 am
9:15 - 9:30 am
9:30 - 10:30 am
10:30 - 10:45 am 10:45
- 11:30 am
11:30 - 12:00 pm
12:00 - 1:00 pm 

# Morning Agenda Welcome Opening remarks , introductions, and agenda review Doug Brookman Rulemaking and analytical methodology overview Stephen Witkowski Market and Technology Assessment Judith Reich Break Screening Analysis and Engineering Analysis Judith Reich Preliminary Manufacturer Impact Analysis Constantin von Wentzel Break for lunch 3W01101WISM 59000 

# Afternoon Agenda

1:00 - 2 : 00 pm Markups for Equipment Price Determination; Energy Use Determination ; and Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Analysis Gregory Rosenquist 2:00 - 2 :45 pm Shipments Analysis , National Impact Analysis, and LCC Subgroup Analysis 

### Gregory Rosenquist 2:45 - 3: 00 pm Break 3:00 - 3 : 15 pm Manufacturer Impact Analysis Constantin von Wentzel 3:15 - 3 :45 pm Utility Impact Analysis , Employment Impact Analysis, Environmental Assessment , and Regulatory Impact Analysis 

### Gregory Rosenquist 3:45 - 4 :30 pm Other issues and comments; closing remarks 4

# Stakeholder Opening Statements

• Stakeholders who contacted DOE to request an opportunity to issue an opening statement should speak now.

5U.

.S. 

### Energy Efficiency ' r ably



# Public Meeting Agenda
Introduction

6

### Introduction



# Purpose of the Framework Document Public Meeting • Present the procedural and analytical approaches to evaluate energy conservation standards for residential clothes dryers and room air conditioners • Provide a forum for public discussion of rulemaking issues • Encourage stakeholders to submit data, information, and written comments

7

# Requests for Comment

Issue Box In the Rulemaking Framework Document for Residential Clothes Dryers and Room Air Conditioners, DOE welcomes comment. Throughout this presentation specific issues will be brought up for discussion on slides such as this, with identifying numbers corresponding to those in the Framework Document

. Nonetheless, comments concerning any part of the document or presentation are welcome.



## s

# Feedback Is Requested

Especially on Items Identified in Framework Document In all correspondence, please refer to the Residential Clothes Dryer and Room Air Conditioner rulemaking by: - Framework Document for Residential Clothes Dryers and Room Air Conditioners, - Docket Number EERE-2007-BT-STD-0010, and - Regulatory Identification Number (RIN) 1904-AA89 Email: home-appliance2.rulemaking@ee.doe.gov Postal Mail: Ms . Brenda Edwards-Jones

U.S. Department of Energy Building Technologies Program, Mailstop EE-2J 1000 Independence Avenue, SW Washington, DC 20585-0121 Courier : Same as above, except "Room 1 J-018" in place of "Mail Stop EE-2J"

Telephone: (202) 586-2945 Comment period closes November 6, 2007 9

## Background

• Energy Policy and Conservation Act (SPCA) of 1975 established an energy conservation program for major household appliances (P

. L

. 94-163)1 • Amendments to EPCA in the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987 (NAECA) ( P.L. 100-12)2 - Established: • Prescriptive energy conservation standards for residential clothes dryers; and • Performance energy conservation standards for room air conditioners 

## - Directed DOE to conduct two cycles of rulemakings for both products to determine if more stringent standards are justified.

1 42 U.S.C. 6291-6309 2 42 U.S.C. 6295 (c) and (g) 10

# Previous Rulemakings

• Residential Clothes Dryers Final Rule published May 14, 1991 set performance standards effective May 14, 1994. (56 FR 22250) Second standards rulemaking initiated by publication of ANOPR on November 14, 1994. (59 FR 56423)Rulemaking activities suspended in FY 1998 due to the prioritysetting process outlined in Procedures, Interpretations and Policies for Consideration of New or Revised Energy Conservation Standards for Consumer Products ("Process Rule"). (61 FR 36974) 

## • Room Air Conditioners Final Rule published September 24, 1997 set performance standards effective October 1, 2000. (62 FR 50122)

11

# Current Rulemaking for

Residential Clothes Dryers and Room Air Conditioners

2006 Schedule- Framewo Setting Process Documen Final Rule Ener Conservation

gy Standards for Residential Clothes Dryers and Room Air C di i on t oners ------ f --- ---------- NOPR' Final

Rule

------------- -------------- Residential Clothes Dryer Test Procedure 

### • Following the FY 2006 schedule-setting, DOE initiated the current rulemaking on Residential Clothes Dryers and Room Air Conditioners. • Today's public meeting is about the Framework Document. • If DOE determines a Residential Clothes Washer Dryer Test Procedure change is warranted, the Final Rule for the Test Procedure will be published before the NOPR for the Energy Conservation Standards.
1 ANOPR: Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking NOPR: Notice of Proposed Rulemaking 12

# Public Meeting Agenda

Test Procedures

13

### Procedures



# Test Procedure - Residential Clothes Dryers • DOE published a Final Rule for the dryer test procedure on May 19, 1981. (46 FR 27324) • Manufacturers have informed DOE that the test procedure is unable to test vent- less dryers due to the requirement of an exhaust simulator. • DOE proposed an alternate test procedure in 2006 for vent-less dryers. (71 FR 49437, 49439) • A final determination on the alternate test procedure has not yet been made. • DOE also seeks comment on amending the clothes dryer test procedure to adequately measure effects of: - Remaining moisture content (RMC); - Average number of use cycles; and - Automatic cycle termination 14

# Test Procedure
- Room Air Conditioners

• DOE redesignated and amended its test procedure for room air conditioners on June 29, 1979. (44 FR 37938)

• 

## The test procedure cites two test standards that are each at least 25 years old: - American National Standards (since renamed American National Standards Institute (ANSI)) Z234.1-1972, "Room Air Conditioners"; and - American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 16-69, "Method of Testing for Rating Room Air Conditioners". 

## • Both test standards have been updated to more recent versions, which could be incorporated into the DOE test procedure by reference. • DOE also seeks comment on amending the room air conditioner test procedure to adequately measure effects of: - Technologies that improve part-load performance; and - Annual operational hours 15

# Request for Comment

Item 1 -1 DOE welcomes input from stakeholders on the merits of revising its test procedures for residential clothes dryers to account for lower-RMC clothes loads and fewer use cycles, add the capability to test vent-less clothes dryers, and measure the benefits of enhanced automatic termination systems. Item 1 -2 DOE welcomes input from stakeholders on the merits of revising its test procedures for room air conditioners to incorporate by reference the most recent ANSI and ASHRAE test standards, account for fewer annual operating hours, and add the capability of measuring the impact of technologies that improve part-load performance.

16

# Public Meeting Agenda

Energy Conservation Standards

17

## 42 U.S.C. 6295(o)(2)(B)(i) and 42 U.S.C. 6316(a) Direct DOE to Take into

Consideration Seven Factors When Setting Energy Conservation Standards for Residential Clothes Dryers and Room Air Conditioners
1. Economic impact on consumers and Life-Cycle Cost Analysis manufacturers Manufacturer Impact Analysis 2. Lifetime operating cost savings Life-Cycle Cost Analysis compared to increased cost for the product 3. Total projected energy savings National Impact Analysis 4. Impact on utility or performance Engineering Analysis Screening Analysis 5. Impact of any lessening of competition Manufacturer Impact Analysis 6. Need for national energy conservation National Impact Analysis 7. Other factors the Secretary considers Environmental Assessment relevant Utility Impact Analysis Employment Impact Analysis 18,



### Energy Effici 

# Stages for the Energy Conservation Standard

Rulemaking Process Milestones for DOE 

## a 5r^a 

### ^a ej 

### Q Q^ I OQ^' QQ- a

2008 2009

Framework Document Public Meeting ANOPR Public Meeting 2010 

### F 2011

NOPR Public Meeting 2012 2013 2014

Points of Stakeholder Participation 19

# Framework Document

Framework Document ANOPR ) NOPR Final Rule Today • Today's public meeting covers the Framework Document for this rulemaking. • Federal Register Notice of Public Meeting - (72 FR 57254, October 9, 2007) Gives notice of the public meeting and availability of the Framework Document being discussed today 

### • Encourages interested parties to submit comments • Framework Document - Provides an overview of the rulemaking process and encourages early stakeholder participation - Invites comments on proposed approach and issues - The Framework Document is available online: http://www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance-standards/residential/clothes-dryers framework.html 20

### Energy Conservation Standards



# Steps in the Standards Rulemaking: ANOPR

Market & Technology Screening Analysis Framewo Documef

Engineering Analysis

Preliminary Manufacturer Impact Analysis Markups for Equipment Price Determination

Energy Use Determination Final Rule Effective

Date

Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Analysis

Shipments Analysis National Impact Analysis

21

# Analyses for the ANOPR

Manufacturer Prices Average Costs Candidate Standard Levels Installation

UEC Costs Energy Prices I • Maint Costs

Repair Costs National Impact Analysis Preliminary Manufacturer Impact Analysis Framework Document Product Classes • Technology Options

Design Options

' • Cost-Efficiency Relationship

Life-Cycle Costs Payback Periods

National Energy Savings Net Present Values
Conversion Capital Expenditures • Direct Employment Impacts
Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANOPR) Approaches Key Inputs Analyses Key Outputs

• Identify Firms/Products • Characterize Industry • Historical Shipments • Market Segmentation • Analysis of Market Data • Non-Regulatory Program • Analysis of Product Data • Product Prototypes Efficiency-Level Approach Design Option Approach

Analysis of Energy Use Data Define Distribution Channels Economic Census Data Analysis Retail Price Collection and Analysis

• Accounting Approach Backcast and Forecast Market Saturation Manufacturing Cost Efficiency/Performance Energy Use Markups for Equipment Price Determination Market and Technology Assessment Product Classes I Technology Options Screening Analysis Design Options I Engineering Analysis Design Energy Use --I Annual Energy Use (UEC) Retail Prices Energy-Efficiency Levels
Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Analysis Energy Prices Installation Costs Maintenance & Repair Costs • Energy-Efficiency Levels Shipments Analysis Energy Price Forecasts Site-to-Source Factors

22M



# Purpose of the ANOPR Public Meeting • To present methodologies for the ANOPR analyses, and characterize results • To discuss specific issues related to the ANOPR analysis • To seek input from attendees on methodologies, assumptions, data sources • To describe upcoming analyses and next steps, and seek further input

23

# Steps in the Standards Rulemaking: NOPR

Revise ANOPR Analyses Life-Cycle

Cost Subgroup Analysis Manufacturer Utility Employment

Impact Impact Impact Analysis Analysis Analysis

Z Engineering Analysis 

### L Life-Cycle

Cost & Payback Period Analyses National

Impact Analysis Environmenta Assessment Regulatory

Impact Analysis

24

# Analyses for the NOPR and Final Rule
Approaches Key Inputs Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANOPR)

• Stakeholder Comments

• Demographics Manufacturer Prices Average Costs • Manufacturer Interviews • GRIM Analysis • Manufacturer Financial Data 7 Analyses Key Outputs

Revise ANOPR TSLs • Trial Standard Levels (TSLs) Analyses • Life-Cycle Costs Life-Cycle Cost Sub-Group Analysis Manufacturer Impact Analysis • Payback Periods - Industry Cash Flow • Sub-Group Cash-Flow • Direct Employment Impacts • Competitive Impacts • Cumulative Regulatory Burden Utility Load Factors Diliect Employment • NEMS-BT i National Energy Saving s I Utility Impact Impacts Analysis • Utility Impacts i National Energy Savings National Product Costs • IMBUILD ' National Operating Costs Employment Impact Analysis • Emission Rates NEMS-BT • National Energy Savings • Non-Regulatory Alternatives Environmental Assessment Regulatory Impact Analysis • National Employment Impacts
• Emission Estimates 

### El • National Energy Savings

• Net Present Values
Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NOPR) • Department of Justice Review' • Stakeholder Comments Revise Analyses • Revised Results
Final Rule 25

# Purpose of the NOPR Public Meeting

• To hear the views of stakeholders on DOE's proposed standard level • To obtain input on any remaining issues relating to the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
DOE will consider all verbal and written input in

preparing its Final Rule.

26

### Renewable Energy 

# Analyses for Final Rule

Revise NOPR Analyses

27

# Public Meeting Agenda

ANOPR Analyses

28

# Steps in the Standards Rulemaking: ANOPR

Screening Analysis Framework Document

Engineering Analysis

Preliminary Manufacturer Impact Analysis ANOPR

Markups for Equipment Price Determination

Energy Use Determination Final Rule Effective

Date

Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Analysis

Shipments Analysis • . •

National Impact Analysis

29

# Market and Technology Assessment

• Purpose: - Characterize the markets, the residential clothes dryer and room air conditioner industries, and the measures to improve efficiency 

## • Method: - Identify and characterize manufacturers of residential clothes dryers and room air conditioners; - Estimate shipments and trends in the market; - Identify technologies that could improve efficiency; and - Identify regulatory and non-regulatory initiatives intended to improve the efficiency of the products covered under this rulemaking.

30

# Relationship of Market and Technology Assessment to other Analyses Market and Technology Assessment Product Classes Baseline Models Technology Options I to improve efficiency

Screening Analysis 

### Design Options to improve efficiency Engineering Analysis

31

### ly Efficiency and Rene b 

# Request for Comment

Item 3 -1 DOE welcomes input on information that would contribute to the market assessment for residential clothes dryers and room air conditioners covered in this rulemaking (e.g., current product features and efficiencies, product-feature and efficiency trends, historical shipments, and prices).

32

# Definitions

Under EPCA, DOE provides definitions of clothes dryers and room air conditioners (10 CFR 430.2): "Electric clothes dryer means a cabinet-like appliance designed to dry fabrics in a tumble-type drum with forced air circulation. The heat source is electricity and the drum and blower(s) are driven by an electric motor(s) ". Gas clothes dryers are similarly defined, with gas as the heat source. "Room air conditioner means a consumer product, other than a "packaged terminal air conditioner", which is powered by a single phase electric current and which is an encased assembly designed as a unit for mounting in a window or through the wall for the purpose of providing delivery of conditioned air to an enclosed space. It includes a prime source of refrigeration and may include a means for ventilating and heating. " 33

### ergy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Market and Technology Assessment 

# Equipment Product Classes • DOE will formulate a separate energy conservation standard for each product class. • Separate efficiency levels will be considered for each equipment class. • DOE divides covered equipment into classes by:

The type of energy used - Capacity of the equipment Other performance-related features such as those that provide utility to the consumer, or others deemed appropriate by the Secretary that justify different standard levels, (42 USC 6295(q) and 6316(a))

34

# Proposed Residential Clothes Dryer Product Classes
V 1.ente Electric, Standard (4.4 cubic feet (ft3) or greater capacity) 2. Electric, Compact (120 volts (v)) (less than 4.4 ft3 capacity) 3. Electric, Compact (240 v) (less than 4.4 ft3 capacity) 4.

5. Gas
Electric, Compact (240 v) (less than 4.4 ft3 capacity) 6. Electric, Combination Washer/Dryer
* These product classes will require the adoption of the alternate clothes dryer test procedure, which removes the exhaust requirement for condenser (i.e., vent-less) clothes dryers. 35!.; ia^ mow.. a-_.s&'s



# Room Air Conditioner Product Classes • NAECA initially specified 12 product classes applicable to units designed for single- or double-hung window installation, based on the following criteria (42 U.S.C. (c)(1)): 1. Cooling capacity 2. Presence of louvered sides (LS) 3. Capability of reverse cycle, in which the unit functions as a heat pump 

## • The Final Rule, effective October 1, 2000, includes 4 additional product classes.

36

### arket and Technology Assessment



# Proposed Room Air Conditioner Product Classes Without reverse cycle and, with, sides 1. Less than 6 ,000 Btu/h* 2. 6,000 to 7,999 Btu/h 3. 8,000 to 13 ,999 Btu/h* 4. 14,000 to 19 ,999 Btu/h 5. 20,000 Btu/h or more* "M M 6. Less than 6,000 Btu/h 7. 6,000 to 7 , 999 Btu/h 8. 8,000 to 13,999 Btu/h 9. 14,000 to 19,999 Btu/h 11 fl ?n "fl' ' r ,1h With reverse cycle and with louvered sides 11. Less than 20,000 Btu/h 12. 20,000 Btu/h or more
13. Less than 14,000 Btu/h 14. 20,000 Btu/h or more Casement 15. Casement-Only 16. Casement-Slider

* DOE proposes to conduct a full analysis of these 3 product classes, then numerically extend the results to the remaining product classes. 37

# Request for Comment

Item 3-2 For both residential clothes dryers and room air conditioners, DOE welcomes input from stakeholders on the proposed product classes and the criteria used for creating these product classes. Are there other considerations of which DOE should be aware beyond those identified above as a basis for developing product classes? If so, please explain (citing specific examples to the extent possible). Item 3-3 Specific to clothes dryers, DOE welcomes input from stakeholders on its proposal to add vent-less clothes dryer product classes, including combination washer/dryers. Item 3-4 Specific to room air conditioners, DOE welcomes input from stakeholders on its planned approach to analyze the three representative product classes (i.e., without reverse cycle and with LS with cooling capacity of less than 6,000 Btu/h, 8,000-13,999 Btu/h, and 20,000 Btu/h or more) and to subsequently numerically extend the analysis to the remaining product classes.

38lf, 

### 1-ket and Technology Assessm+



# Initial Technology Options for Clothes Dryers • Dryer Control or Drum Upgrades: - Improved termination - Increased insulation - Modified operating conditions - Reverse tumble - Improved drum design 

### • Methods of Exhaust Heat Recovery (vented models only): - Recycle exhaust heat - Inlet air preheat - Inlet air preheat, condensing mode • Heat Generation Options: - Heat pump, electric only - Microwave, electric only - Modulating, gas only - Water-cooling, vent-less electric only - Indirect heating 39

### arket and Technolo



# Initial Technology Options for Room Air Conditioners • Increased Heat Transfer Surface Area: - Increased frontal coil area - Increased depth of coil (add tube rows) - Increased fin density - Add subcooler to condenser coil 

### • Increased Heat Transfer Coefficients: - Improved fin design - Improved tube design - Spray condensate onto condenser coil - Microchannel heat exchangers 

### • Component Improvements: - Improved indoor blower and outdoor fan efficiency - Improved blower/fan motor efficiency - Improved compressor efficiency 

### • Part-Load Technology Improvements: Two-speed, variable-speed, or modulating-capacity compressors - Thermostatic or electronic expansion valves Thermostatic cyclic controls 

## 40