Released: May 2021

Next MECS will be fielded in 2023.

Table 3.3    Fuel Consumption, 2018;

                        Level: National and Regional Data;

                        Row: Values of Shipments and Employment Sizes;

                        Column: Energy Sources;

                        Unit: Trillion Btu.

                  

            

Economic Net Residual Distillate Natural HGL (excluding Coke and

Characteristic(a) Total Electricity(b) Fuel Oil Fuel Oil(c) Gas(d) natural gasoline)(e) Coal Breeze Other(f)

Total United States

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

  Under 20 971 321 1 35 461 15 30 3 105

  20‐49 815 268 1 7 366 10 42 7 114

  50‐99 1,298 400 * 11 602 6 80 4 196

  100‐249 2,124 509 2 11 1,108 8 66 37 384

  250‐499 1,776 342 5 5 755 2 55 2 609

  500 and Over 7,876 751 9 19 3,071 22 159 284 3,562

Total 14,859 2,591 17 86 6,362 64 432 337 4,970

Employment Size

  Under 50 1,263 316 1 31 738 15 21 2 138

  50‐99 1,107 276 * 11 632 8 47 5 128

  100‐249 2,534 642 1 15 1,164 12 128 23 549

  250‐499 3,290 576 6 11 1,248 13 119 3 1,314

  500‐999 3,586 460 6 9 1,291 9 59 8 1,743

  1000 and Over 3,080 320 2 9 1,290 5 59 297 1,097

Total 14,859 2,591 17 86 6,362 64 432 337 4,970

Northeast Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

  Under 20 175 46 * 10 79 4 1 * 36

  20‐49 94 38 * 1 45 2 1 * 6

  50‐99 152 54 * Q 82 1 2 0 12

  100‐249 169 44 * * 91 1 1 1 29

  250‐499 116 22 2 * 53 * 7 * 31

  500 and Over 423 46 1 1 139 1 7 30 199

Total 1,130 250 4 15 490 9 19 31 313

Employment Size

  Under 50 132 39 * 6 70 3 2 0 11

  50‐99 111 34 * Q 53 2 0 * 16

  100‐249 232 78 * Q 116 2 2 1 30

  250‐499 161 36 * 1 84 1 1 * 37

  500‐999 229 31 3 1 68 * 9 0 118

  1000 and Over 265 32 * 1 97 1 5 30 100

Total 1,130 250 4 15 490 9 19 31 313

Midwest Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

  Under 20 336 117 * 10 168 4 9 1 28

  20‐49 260 89 0 1 134 2 16 1 15

  50‐99 376 130 * 3 201 2 23 1 16

  100‐249 810 170 * 2 493 2 29 34 80

  250‐499 384 96 * 1 200 1 16 2 68

  500 and Over 1,742 233 * 5 627 7 89 253 529

Total 3,907 834 1 21 1,823 18 182 293 736

Employment Size

  Under 50 496 110 * 9 323 3 16 1 34

  50‐99 479 112 * 1 324 3 17 1 20

  100‐249 607 169 * 1 300 2 35 15 82

  250‐499 686 184 * 3 298 3 83 2 113

  500‐999 618 144 * 3 212 4 5 6 243

  1000 and Over 1,022 114 * 3 367 2 26 266 243
Total 3,907 834 1 21 1,823 18 182 293 736

South Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

  Under 20 321 106 * 10 164 5 3 0 34

  20‐49 362 110 * 2 143 3 16 5 82

  50‐99 554 139 * 3 246 2 31 3 131

  100‐249 891 232 * 4 418 4 16 2 215

  250‐499 1,077 160 2 3 409 1 24 * 478

  500 and Over 4,691 396 6 9 1,978 5 52 2 2,243

Total 7,897 1,143 8 32 3,358 20 141 11 3,183

Employment Size

  Under 50 486 115 * 10 276 5 1 0 78

  50‐99 424 104 0 3 211 2 18 4 83

  100‐249 1,295 285 * 6 622 4 43 4 331

  250‐499 1,769 272 3 5 626 3 18 1 841

  500‐999 2,279 229 3 4 847 4 33 1 1,157

  1000 and Over 1,645 138 2 4 777 1 28 1 692

Total 7,897 1,143 8 32 3,358 20 141 11 3,183

West Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

  Under 20 138 52 * 6 50 4 Q Q 6

  20‐49 99 32 * 2 44 2 8 * 10

  50‐99 216 78 0 2 73 1 25 * 37

  100‐249 255 63 1 5 105 1 19 * 60

  250‐499 198 65 * 1 92 * 8 * 32

  500 and Over 1,020 76 2 3 326 9 12 0 591

Total 1,925 365 4 18 691 17 90 3 737

Employment Size

  Under 50 149 52 1 7 68 4 2 * 15

  50‐99 93 26 0 2 44 Q 12 * 8

  100‐249 401 111 * 5 126 3 48 Q 106

  250‐499 674 84 3 2 240 7 16 0 322

  500‐999 460 56 0 2 164 1 12 * 224

  1000 and Over 148 36 0 * 49 1 0 0 61

Total 1,925 365 4 18 691 17 90 3 737

    (a) Value of Shipments and Receipts and Employment Size categories were supplied by the Bureau of the Census.   

    (b) Net Electricity is obtained by summing purchases, transfers in, and generation from noncombustible renewable resources, minus quantities sold and transferred out. It does

not include electricity inputs from onsite cogeneration or generation from combustible fuels because that energy has already been included as generating fuel (for example, coal).

    (c) Distillate Fuel Oil includes Nos. 1, 2, and 4 fuel oils and Nos. 1, 2, and 4 diesel fuels.    

    (d) Natural Gas includes natural gas obtained from utilities, local distribution companies, and any other supplier(s), such as independent gas producers, gas brokers, marketers,

and any marketing subsidiaries of utilities.        

    (e) Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids (HGL) include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, ethane‐propane mixtures, propane‐butane mixtures, and isobutane

produced at refineries or natural gas processing plants, including plants that fractionate raw Natural Gas Liquids (NGL).      

    (f) Other includes net steam (the sum of purchases, generation from renewables, and net transfers), and other energy that respondents indicated was used to produce heat and

power.    

    * Estimate less than 0.5.  

    D=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.  

    Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error (RSE) is greater than 50 percent.          

    NA=Not available.                      

    Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. The estimates presented in this table are for the total consumption of energy (formerly

total inputs of energy) for the production of heat, power, and electricity generation, regardless of where the energy was produced. Specifically, the estimates include the

quantities of energy that were originally produced offsite and purchased by or transferred to the establishment, plus those that were produced onsite from other energy or input

materials not classified as energy, or were extracted from captive (onsite) mines or wells. During manufacturing processes, it is possible that the thermal energy content of an

energy input is not completely consumed for the production of heat, power, or electricity generation. Hence, residuals of that input may remain. Those residual leftovers may be

subsequently consumed for fuel purposes, whether onsite or offsite at another manufacturing establishment (for example, blast furnace gas as a byproduct recovered from coke

and other inputs that were not completely consumed). In such cases, double counting of inputs cannot be avoided, and the Fuel Consumption estimates will be inflated.   

    Sources: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA‐846, 2018 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey, and

the Bureau of the Census, data files for the 2018 Annual Survey of Manufactures.  

The Census Bureau has reviewed this data product for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and has approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied (Approval

ID: CBDRB‐FY20‐260).
Released: May 2021

Next MECS will be fielded in 2023.

RSE Table 3.3     Relative Standard Errors for Table 3.3;

                              Unit: Percents.

                  

            

Economic Net Residual Distillate Natural HGL (excluding Coke and

Characteristic(a) Total Electricity(b) Fuel Oil Fuel Oil(c) Gas(d) natural gasoline)(e) Coal Breeze Other(f)

Total United States

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

  Under 20 5.2 6.3 31.9 17.7 7.1 9.3 47.5 42.5 14.5

  20‐49 6.1 4.9 1.9 12.0 6.6 17.1 0.5 6.9 27.2

  50‐99 4.2 9.3 47.7 19.4 4.0 12.4 0.2 6.5 2.7

  100‐249 2.1 3.2 11.8 15.5 2.8 7.5 0.8 0.0 1.9

  250‐499 2.2 3.8 1.2 5.4 2.8 9.8 0.0 0.0 2.9

  500 and Over 0.3 1.1 2.1 3.3 0.4 2.7 0.0 0.1 0.2

Total 0.7 1.8 2.5 7.9 0.9 3.9 3.3 0.4 0.8

Employment Size

  Under 50 4.9 5.1 23.5 15.7 5.2 10.4 1.0 24.3 23.6

  50‐99 2.8 5.9 0.0 36.6 3.0 17.4 0.4 10.9 7.2

  100‐249 2.7 6.0 24.5 14.8 2.8 8.1 11.1 5.0 3.8

  250‐499 1.2 2.8 0.1 10.4 2.0 6.0 0.4 0.0 0.2

  500‐999 0.6 2.3 0.9 1.0 1.0 3.5 0.4 0.0 0.1

  1000 and Over 0.6 2.4 8.1 6.3 0.8 5.6 0.0 0.1 0.5

Total 0.7 1.8 2.5 7.9 0.9 3.9 3.3 0.4 0.8

Northeast Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

  Under 20 9.6 8.2 7.8 41.7 17.1 8.3 12.4 51.6 12.7

  20‐49 9.4 13.4 0.0 12.7 10.9 27.0 0.0 0.0 13.0

  50‐99 12.9 18.6 0.0 73.7 14.3 30.6 0.0 X 0.4

  100‐249 5.6 11.2 1.7 34.0 6.5 25.9 0.0 0.0 0.1

  250‐499 2.8 7.1 0.0 6.5 2.7 12.7 0.0 0.0 3.5

  500 and Over 1.2 4.6 21.0 5.6 2.5 23.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Total 2.6 5.2 5.3 28.8 4.0 8.6 0.3 0.1 1.5

Employment Size

  Under 50 10.7 6.5 5.6 16.3 17.1 12.5 3.8 X 40.4

  50‐99 7.0 12.0 0.0 80.0 6.2 12.6 X 8.1 0.5

  100‐249 9.9 14.4 0.0 63.8 12.4 25.8 0.0 0.0 0.2

  250‐499 4.5 10.1 0.0 30.1 4.4 4.8 0.0 0.0 3.6

  500‐999 1.9 8.6 0.2 3.9 3.0 5.5 0.0 X 0.1

  1000 and Over 1.6 5.1 52.1 8.4 3.2 28.8 0.0 0.0 0.1

Total 2.6 5.2 5.3 28.8 4.0 8.6 0.3 0.1 1.5

Midwest Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

  Under 20 11.2 11.7 63.4 41.5 16.8 13.3 1.6 31.1 39.9

  20‐49 8.7 8.9 X 14.3 13.4 32.7 0.0 2.6 3.6

  50‐99 5.3 7.3 0.0 26.4 6.6 28.6 0.0 0.0 2.7

  100‐249 3.0 5.1 66.9 30.0 3.5 13.7 1.7 0.0 1.0

  250‐499 4.1 6.0 6.7 2.2 3.2 22.3 0.0 0.0 13.2

  500 and Over 0.7 2.5 0.1 4.4 1.2 8.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Total 1.4 2.5 29.3 20.0 2.2 7.0 0.3 0.1 2.0

Employment Size

  Under 50 8.1 11.8 52.0 42.5 9.8 15.7 0.1 32.9 33.2

  50‐99 3.8 6.7 0.0 15.8 4.0 26.9 0.8 0.0 1.6

  100‐249 4.1 6.4 75.1 17.8 5.0 24.6 0.0 0.2 10.6

  250‐499 2.8 4.3 0.0 36.7 4.2 18.0 0.6 0.0 0.7

  500‐999 2.5 4.8 0.0 0.8 4.5 5.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

  1000 and Over 1.0 4.6 0.1 3.0 1.5 6.8 0.0 0.1 0.9

Total 1.4 2.5 29.3 20.0 2.2 7.0 0.3 0.1 2.0

South Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

  Under 20 6.1 13.3 20.3 19.3 5.1 12.1 2.9 X 25.8

  20‐49 12.0 8.3 88.0 9.9 10.4 28.4 0.8 9.8 37.6

  50‐99 4.0 5.8 91.2 11.0 6.1 13.9 0.6 10.4 4.1

  100‐249 3.8 5.4 0.0 12.2 6.1 11.6 1.4 0.0 3.1

  250‐499 1.8 3.0 2.3 2.6 1.9 15.2 0.0 0.0 3.2

  500 and Over 0.3 1.4 0.1 5.9 0.4 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.2

Total 0.8 2.0 1.0 6.6 1.0 6.3 0.2 5.2 1.2

Employment Size

  Under 50 9.1 8.0 20.0 20.1 6.5 16.9 9.8 X 38.5

  50‐99 5.5 13.1 X 5.9 6.3 18.5 0.7 14.0 11.0

  100‐249 2.8 4.1 34.8 7.6 3.8 11.1 0.4 6.3 5.6

  250‐499 1.0 3.1 0.1 8.4 1.7 19.9 0.5 0.0 0.3

  500‐999 0.6 3.1 1.6 2.2 0.8 5.6 0.7 0.0 0.1

  1000 and Over 0.8 4.0 0.1 12.5 1.0 13.6 0.0 0.0 0.8

Total 0.8 2.0 1.0 6.6 1.0 6.3 0.2 5.2 1.2
West Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

  Under 20 16.9 7.1 58.9 33.1 11.3 32.5 79.2 78.9 35.7

  20‐49 6.9 9.2 0.0 35.2 9.1 46.0 2.3 9.3 17.0

  50‐99 18.9 43.4 X 14.4 10.3 11.2 0.0 0.0 0.1

  100‐249 4.1 7.0 0.0 31.4 5.3 13.3 0.0 0.0 5.2

  250‐499 14.9 16.2 0.0 42.9 20.4 16.2 0.0 0.0 0.6

  500 and Over 0.3 1.5 0.0 5.6 0.5 0.3 0.0 X 0.1

Total 2.9 9.8 7.0 14.0 3.2 9.6 15.8 42.9 0.6

Employment Size

  Under 50 6.4 6.1 38.4 30.2 8.8 30.4 7.7 10.2 13.1

  50‐99 6.3 10.9 X 49.9 6.7 60.3 0.0 0.0 1.9

  100‐249 11.7 30.4 0.0 22.0 6.9 5.5 29.8 52.5 3.6

  250‐499 4.4 13.1 0.0 15.1 7.9 1.3 0.0 X 0.1

  500‐999 1.2 3.3 X 0.7 2.3 15.2 0.0 0.0 0.1

  1000 and Over 1.5 2.8 X 0.3 2.6 0.1 X X 0.0

Total 2.9 9.8 7.0 14.0 3.2 9.6 15.8 42.9 0.6

    (a) Value of Shipments and Receipts and Employment Size categories were supplied by the Bureau of the Census.

    (b) Net Electricity is obtained by summing purchases, transfers in, and generation from noncombustible renewable resources, minus quantities sold and transferred out. It does not include

electricity inputs from onsite cogeneration or generation from combustible fuels because that energy has already been included as generating fuel (for example, coal).      

    (c) Distillate Fuel Oil includes Nos. 1, 2, and 4 fuel oils and Nos. 1, 2, and 4 diesel fuels.    

    (d) Natural Gas includes natural gas obtained from utilities, local distribution companies, and any other supplier(s), such as independent gas producers, gas brokers, marketers, and any

marketing subsidiaries of utilities.        

    (e) Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids (HGL) include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, ethane‐propane mixtures, propane‐butane mixtures, and isobutane produced

at refineries or natural gas processing plants, including plants that fractionate raw Natural Gas Liquids (NGL).      

    (f) Other includes net steam (the sum of purchases, generation from renewables, and net transfers), and other energy that respondents indicated was used to produce heat and power.   

    * Estimate less than 0.5.  

    D=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.  

    Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error (RSE) is greater than 50 percent.

    X=Not defined because RSE corresponds to a data table value of zero.             

    NA=Not available.                      

    Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. The estimates presented in this table are for the total consumption of energy (formerly total inputs of

energy) for the production of heat, power, and electricity generation, regardless of where the energy was produced. Specifically, the estimates include the quantities of energy that were

originally produced offsite and purchased by or transferred to the establishment, plus those that were produced onsite from other energy or input materials not classified as energy, or were

extracted from captive (onsite) mines or wells. During manufacturing processes, it is possible that the thermal energy content of an energy input is not completely consumed for the

production of heat, power, or electricity generation. Hence, residuals of that input may remain. Those residual leftovers may be subsequently consumed for fuel purposes, whether onsite or

offsite at another manufacturing establishment (for example, blast furnace gas as a byproduct recovered from coke and other inputs that were not completely consumed). In such cases,

double counting of inputs cannot be avoided, and the Fuel Consumption estimates will be inflated.   

    Sources: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA‐846, 2018 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey, and the Bureau of

the Census, data files for the 2018 Annual Survey of Manufactures.

The Census Bureau has reviewed this data product for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and has approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied (Approval ID: CBDRB‐

FY20‐260).