Released: February 2021

Next MECS will be fielded in 2022.

Table 2.2 Nonfuel (Feedstock) Use of Combustible Energy, 2018;

Level: National and Regional Data;

Row: NAICS Codes; Column: Energy Sources;

Unit: Trillion Btu.

NAICS Residual Distillate Natural HGL (excl

Code(a) Subsector and Industry Total Fuel Oil Fuel Oil(b) Gas(c) natural gasolin

Total United States

311 Food Q 0 1 6 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 2 0 1 1 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 1 0 1 0 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 1 0 * * 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 2 0 * 2 

3115 Dairy Product 2 0 0 2 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 1 0 * 1 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products * 0 * * 

3121 Beverages * 0 * * 

3122 Tobacco * 0 0 * 

313 Textile Mills * 0 * * 314 Textile Product Mills 0 0 0 0 

315 Apparel * 0 0 * 316 Leather and Allied Products * 0 0 * 

321 Wood Products 1 * 1 * 

321113 Sawmills * * * * 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods * * * * 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products * * * 0 

3219 Other Wood Products * 0 * * 

322 Paper 3 0 * 3 

322110 Pulp Mills * 0 0 0 322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 2 0 * 2 322122 Newsprint Mills * 0 0 0 322130 Paperboard Mills * 0 * * 

323 Printing and Related Support Q 0 0 Q 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 903 * * 3 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 0 0 0 0 324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 412 * * 1 
324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 257 * 0 0 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products Q 0 0 Q 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 231 0 * * 

325 Chemicals 4,326 44 Q 890 

325110 Petrochemicals 1,490 0 * 4 

325120 Industrial Gases 161 0 0 160 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 175 44 * Q 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 1 0 0 1 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 156 0 0 69 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 801 0 Q 196 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins D 0 * 40 

325212 Synthetic Rubber 3 0 0 * 325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments * 0 0 * 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers D 0 * D 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 4 0 0 4 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 1 0 * 1 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 1 0 * * 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals * 0 0 * 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 1 0 * Q 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products Q 0 * 2 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories * 0 * * 327211 Flat Glass * 0 0 * 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware * 0 0 0 

327213 Glass Containers * 0 0 0 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 1 0 * 1 

327310 Cements * 0 0 * 

327410 Lime * 0 0 * 

327420 Gypsum * 0 0 * 

327993 Mineral Wool * 0 * * 

331 Primary Metals 307 0 * 44 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 290 0 * 41 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 2 0 * 1 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 10 0 * * 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum * 0 0 * 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils * 0 * * 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding * 0 * * 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 5 0 0 1 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 4 0 0 * 

3315 Foundries 1 0 * 1 

331511 Iron Foundries 1 0 * * 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries * 0 0 * 
331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting * 0 * * 

332 Fabricated Metal Products Q 0 * Q 

333 Machinery 2 0 * 2 

334 Computer and Electronic Products Q 0 * Q 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices * 0 * * 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 8 0 0 0 

336 Transportation Equipment 3 0 * 2 

336111 Automobiles * 0 0 0 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles * 0 * * 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 2 0 * 2 

336411 Aircraft * 0 0 0 

337 Furniture and Related Products * 0 0 * 

339 Miscellaneous * 0 * * 

Subtotal 5,609 44 6 958 

Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products(i) 529 0 0 0 

Total 6,138 44 6 958 

Northeast Census Region

311 Food * 0 * * 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 0 0 0 0 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 0 0 0 0 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 0 0 0 0 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food * 0 * 0 

3115 Dairy Product * 0 0 * 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing * 0 0 * 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products * 0 0 * 

3121 Beverages * 0 0 0 

3122 Tobacco * 0 0 * 

313 Textile Mills * 0 0 0 314 Textile Product Mills 0 0 0 0 

315 Apparel 0 0 0 0 

316 Leather and Allied Products 0 0 0 0 

321 Wood Products * * * 0 

321113 Sawmills * 0 * 0 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods * 0 * 0 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 0 0 0 0 

3219 Other Wood Products * 0 0 0 

322 Paper 2 0 * 2 

322110 Pulp Mills * 0 0 0 322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 2 0 * 2 322122 Newsprint Mills 0 0 0 0 
322130 Paperboard Mills * 0 0 0 

323 Printing and Related Support 0 0 0 0 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 109 0 * * 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 0 0 0 0 324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 76 0 * * 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 33 0 0 0 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products * 0 0 0 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products * 0 * 0 

325 Chemicals 22 0 0 22 

325110 Petrochemicals * 0 0 0 

325120 Industrial Gases Q 0 0 Q 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals * 0 0 * 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 0 0 0 0 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 0 0 0 0 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 21 0 0 21 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins * 0 0 0 325212 Synthetic Rubber 0 0 0 0 325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 0 0 0 0 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 0 0 0 0 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 0 0 0 0 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines * 0 0 * 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation * 0 0 * 325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 0 0 0 0 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products * 0 0 * 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products Q 0 * * 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories * 0 * * 

327211 Flat Glass 0 0 0 0 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware * 0 0 0 

327213 Glass Containers 0 0 0 0 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass * 0 0 * 

327310 Cements * 0 0 * 

327410 Lime * 0 0 * 

327420 Gypsum 0 0 0 0 327993 Mineral Wool 0 0 0 0 

331 Primary Metals 130 0 * * 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 129 0 0 * 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel * 0 0 0 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum * 0 0 * 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 0 0 0 0 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils * 0 0 * 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding * 0 0 0 
3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum * 0 0 * 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining * 0 0 * 

3315 Foundries * 0 * * 

331511 Iron Foundries * 0 0 0 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 0 0 0 0 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting * 0 * 0 

332 Fabricated Metal Products Q 0 * 0 

333 Machinery Q 0 0 Q 

334 Computer and Electronic Products * 0 * 0 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices * 0 * 0 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components * 0 0 0 

336 Transportation Equipment * 0 0 * 

336111 Automobiles 0 0 0 0 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 0 0 0 0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts * 0 0 * 

336411 Aircraft 0 0 0 0 

337 Furniture and Related Products * 0 0 * 

339 Miscellaneous * 0 0 0 

Total 273 * * 25 

Midwest Census Region

311 Food 4 0 1 2 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 2 0 1 1 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 1 0 1 0 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 1 0 * 0 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food * 0 0 * 

3115 Dairy Product Q 0 0 Q 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing * 0 * * 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 0 0 0 0 

3121 Beverages 0 0 0 0 

3122 Tobacco 0 0 0 0 

313 Textile Mills * 0 0 * 314 Textile Product Mills 0 0 0 0 

315 Apparel 0 0 0 0 316 Leather and Allied Products 0 0 0 0 321 Wood Products * 0 * * 

321113 Sawmills * 0 * * 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods * 0 0 0 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 0 0 0 0 

3219 Other Wood Products * 0 * * 

322 Paper * 0 * * 
322110 Pulp Mills 0 0 0 0 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint * 0 0 0 322122 Newsprint Mills 0 0 0 0 322130 Paperboard Mills * 0 0 * 

323 Printing and Related Support * 0 0 * 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 316 * * * 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 0 0 0 0 324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 113 * * * 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 88 * 0 0 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products * 0 0 * 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 115 0 * 0 

325 Chemicals 204 D * 84 

325110 Petrochemicals 0 0 0 0 

325120 Industrial Gases 6 0 0 6 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 8 D * 1 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 1 0 0 * 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 1 0 0 0 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals D 0 0 * 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins D 0 * * 325212 Synthetic Rubber * 0 0 0 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments * 0 0 * 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers D 0 0 D 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers * 0 0 * 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines * 0 * * 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation * 0 * * 325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals * 0 0 * 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products Q 0 0 Q 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 1 0 * 1 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories * 0 0 0 327211 Flat Glass * 0 0 0 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware * 0 0 0 

327213 Glass Containers 0 0 0 0 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 1 0 0 1 

327310 Cements 0 0 0 0 

327410 Lime 0 0 0 0 

327420 Gypsum * 0 0 * 

327993 Mineral Wool 0 0 0 0 

331 Primary Metals 112 0 * 18 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 107 0 * 17 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 1 0 * * 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 3 0 * * 
331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum * 0 0 0 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils * 0 0 * 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding * 0 * * 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum * 0 0 * 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining * 0 0 0 

3315 Foundries 1 0 * 1 

331511 Iron Foundries * 0 * * 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries * 0 0 0 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting * 0 0 * 

332 Fabricated Metal Products * 0 * * 

333 Machinery * 0 * * 334 Computer and Electronic Products * 0 0 * 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices * 0 0 0 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 0 0 0 0 

336 Transportation Equipment 2 0 * 1 

336111 Automobiles * 0 0 0 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles * 0 * * 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 1 0 0 * 

336411 Aircraft 0 0 0 0 

337 Furniture and Related Products * 0 0 * 

339 Miscellaneous * 0 * * 

Total 641 D 1 108 

South Census Region

311 Food 2 0 * 1 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling * 0 * * 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 0 0 0 0 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing * 0 0 0 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 0 0 0 0 

3115 Dairy Product * 0 0 * 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 1 0 * 1 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products * 0 0 * 

3121 Beverages * 0 0 * 

3122 Tobacco * 0 0 0 

313 Textile Mills * 0 * 0 314 Textile Product Mills 0 0 0 0 

315 Apparel * 0 0 * 316 Leather and Allied Products 0 0 0 0 

321 Wood Products * * * * 

321113 Sawmills * * * 0 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods * * * 0 
321219 Reconstituted Wood Products * * * 0 

3219 Other Wood Products * 0 * * 

322 Paper * 0 * * 

322110 Pulp Mills * 0 0 0 322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint * 0 0 * 322122 Newsprint Mills 0 0 0 0 322130 Paperboard Mills * 0 * * 

323 Printing and Related Support * 0 0 0 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 367 0 * Q 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 0 0 0 0 324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 151 0 * * 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 108 0 0 0 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products Q 0 0 Q 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 106 0 0 * 

325 Chemicals 4,069 D Q 754 

325110 Petrochemicals 1,490 0 * 4 

325120 Industrial Gases 136 0 0 136 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 165 D * Q 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 0 0 0 0 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 155 0 0 69 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals D 0 Q 174 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins D 0 0 40 325212 Synthetic Rubber 3 0 0 * 325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments * 0 0 0 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 287 0 0 287 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 0 0 0 0 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 1 0 * * 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 1 0 0 * 325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 0 0 0 0 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products Q 0 * 0 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products * 0 * * 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories * 0 * 0 

327211 Flat Glass * 0 0 * 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 0 0 0 0 

327213 Glass Containers * 0 0 0 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass * 0 * 0 

327310 Cements * 0 0 * 

327410 Lime 0 0 0 0 327420 Gypsum * 0 0 0 

327993 Mineral Wool * 0 0 0 

331 Primary Metals 61 0 * 25 
331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 52 0 0 24 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel * 0 0 * 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 4 0 * * 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum * 0 0 * 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils * 0 * 0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding * 0 0 * 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 4 0 0 * 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 4 0 0 0 

3315 Foundries * 0 0 * 

331511 Iron Foundries * 0 0 * 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries * 0 0 0 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting * 0 0 * 

332 Fabricated Metal Products Q 0 0 Q 

333 Machinery Q 0 0 Q 

334 Computer and Electronic Products Q 0 0 Q 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices * 0 0 0 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 7 0 0 0 

336 Transportation Equipment 1 0 0 * 

336111 Automobiles * 0 0 0 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles * 0 0 0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 1 0 0 * 

336411 Aircraft * 0 0 0 

337 Furniture and Related Products * 0 0 * 

339 Miscellaneous * 0 0 * 

Total 4,513 D Q 789 

West Census Region

311 Food Q 0 * 2 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling * 0 * 0 

311221 Wet Corn Milling * 0 0 0 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing * 0 0 * 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 1 0 0 1 

3115 Dairy Product 1 0 0 1 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing * 0 * * 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products * 0 * * 

3121 Beverages * 0 * * 

3122 Tobacco 0 0 0 0 

313 Textile Mills 0 0 0 0 

314 Textile Product Mills 0 0 0 0 

315 Apparel 0 0 0 0 316 Leather and Allied Products * 0 0 * 
321 Wood Products * * * * 

321113 Sawmills * 0 * * 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods * 0 0 * 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 0 0 0 0 

3219 Other Wood Products * 0 0 0 

322 Paper * 0 0 0 

322110 Pulp Mills 0 0 0 0 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 0 0 0 0 322122 Newsprint Mills * 0 0 0 322130 Paperboard Mills * 0 0 0 

323 Printing and Related Support * 0 0 * 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 110 0 * * 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 0 0 0 0 324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 72 0 * * 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 28 0 0 0 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 0 0 0 0 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 10 0 0 0 

325 Chemicals 31 0 * 30 

325110 Petrochemicals 0 0 0 0 

325120 Industrial Gases 18 0 0 18 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 1 0 0 1 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 1 0 0 1 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals * 0 0 0 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals * 0 0 * 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins * 0 0 * 

325212 Synthetic Rubber 0 0 0 0 325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 0 0 0 0 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 7 0 * 6 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 4 0 0 4 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines * 0 0 * 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 0 0 0 0 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals * 0 0 0 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products * 0 0 * 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products Q 0 * 1 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories * 0 * * 327211 Flat Glass * 0 0 0 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 0 0 0 0 

327213 Glass Containers * 0 0 0 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 1 0 0 1 

327310 Cements * 0 0 * 

327410 Lime 0 0 0 0 
327420 Gypsum * 0 0 0 

327993 Mineral Wool * 0 * * 

331 Primary Metals 4 0 * * 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 1 0 0 0 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel * 0 * * 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 3 0 0 * 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum * 0 0 * 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils * 0 0 0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 0 0 0 0 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 1 0 0 * 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining * 0 0 * 

3315 Foundries * 0 0 * 

331511 Iron Foundries * 0 0 * 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries * 0 0 * 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting * 0 0 * 

332 Fabricated Metal Products * 0 0 0 

333 Machinery Q 0 0 Q 

334 Computer and Electronic Products * 0 0 * 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices * 0 0 * 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components * 0 0 0 

336 Transportation Equipment 1 0 * 1 

336111 Automobiles 0 0 0 0 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 0 0 0 0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 1 0 * 1 

336411 Aircraft 0 0 0 0 

337 Furniture and Related Products 0 0 0 0 

339 Miscellaneous * 0 0 * 

Total 182 * * 36 

(a) The Bureau of the Census classifies establishments using the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

(b) Distillate Fuel Oil includes Nos. 1, 2, and 4 fuel oils and Nos. 1, 2, and 4 diesel fuels.

(c) Natural Gas includes natural gas obtained from utilities, local distribution companies, and any other supplier(s), such as independent gas producers, ga

marketing subsidiaries of utilities.

(d) Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids (HGL) include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, ethane‐propane mixtures, propane‐butane m

at refineries or natural gas processing plants, including plants that fractionate raw Natural Gas Liquids (NGL).

(e) Other includes net steam (the sum of purchases, generation from renewables, and net transfers), and other energy that respondents indicated was use

as feedstock/raw material inputs. See also Footnote f.

(f) Previously, the Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) had accounted for energy consumed in petroleum refineries by measuring their own 

fuel products would later be counted in the industries that use them, and assigning the heat equivalent of the nonfuel products to the petroleum refinery (fo

see, Feedstock and Offsite‐Produced Fuel at Petroleum Refineries). Starting with the 2014 MECS, however, EIA began collecting asphalt and petrochemical fe

that use those nonfuel products. These data are included in the Other column. However, other Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products (i.e. lubricants, solvents, wax

refineries, and used elsewhere throughout the manufacturing sector as energy are not collected on the MECS. An estimate of the Miscellaneous Nonfuel Pro
derived using EIA's U.S. Product Supplied for Crude Oil and Petroleum Products data.

* Estimate less than 0.5.

D=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.

Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error (RSE) is greater than 50 percent.

NA=Not available.Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. The derived estimates presented in this table are for the first use (form

energy for heat and power and as feedstocks or raw material inputs. First use is defined as the consumption of the energy that was originally produced offs

input materials not classified as energy. Examples of the latter are hydrogen produced from the electrolysis of brine; the output of captive (onsite) mines or 

wood waste from wood purchased as a raw material input; and waste materials, such as wastepaper and packing materials. First use excludes quantities of e

other energy inputs and, therefore, avoids double counting.

Sources: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Demand and Integrated Statistics, Form EIA‐846, 2018 Manufacturing Energy Consumpt

Production, Conversion & Delivery, Form EIA‐810, Monthly Refinery Report for 2018.

The Census Bureau has reviewed this data product for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and has approved the disclosure avoidance practic

FY20‐260).
Released: February 2021

Next MECS will be fielded in 2022.

RSE Table 2.2 Relative Standard Errors for Table 2.2;

Unit: Percents.

NAICS Residual Distillate Natural HGL (ex

Code(a) Subsector and Industry Total Fuel Oil Fuel Oil(b) Gas(c) natural gaso

Total United States

311 Food 62.5 X 3.7 12.9 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 0.1 X 0.0 0.0 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 0.0 X 0.0 X 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 13.1 X 64.8 13.1 

3115 Dairy Product 29.4 X X 29.4 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 22.2 X 0.1 23.9 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 43.8 X 0.9 66.0 

3121 Beverages 47.7 X 0.9 75.1 

3122 Tobacco 0.0 X X 0.0 

313 Textile Mills 55.1 X 82.3 45.9 

314 Textile Product Mills X X X X 

315 Apparel 80.4 X X 80.7 316 Leather and Allied Products 0.3 X X 0.3 

321 Wood Products 10.1 0.5 0.8 43.0 

321113 Sawmills 24.7 83.8 40.0 2.1 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 0.0 0.0 0.0 X 

3219 Other Wood Products 41.5 X 89.4 44.5 

322 Paper 16.5 X 59.6 16.7 

322110 Pulp Mills 0.0 X X X 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

322122 Newsprint Mills 0.0 X X X 

322130 Paperboard Mills 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

323 Printing and Related Support 75.1 X X 79.5 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 2.2 0.0 1.0 43.5 

324110 Petroleum Refineries X X X X 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 4.7 0.0 1.9 16.2 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 1.3 0.0 X X 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 52.9 X X 56.6 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

325 Chemicals 1.5 0.1 69.7 4.4 
325110 Petrochemicals 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

325120 Industrial Gases 8.7 X X 8.7 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 17.0 0.1 0.0 64.4 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 9.9 X X 11.6 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 0.0 X X 0.0 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 4.8 X 79.5 7.7 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins D X 0.0 0.1 325212 Synthetic Rubber 0.0 X X 0.0 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 0.0 X X 0.0 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers D X 90.1 D 325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 0.0 X X 0.0 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 17.9 X 0.0 24.2 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 19.9 X 0.0 26.6 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 0.0 X X 0.0 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 41.4 X 99.0 50.8 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 60.7 X 58.1 13.1 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 36.2 X 0.0 37.5 

327211 Flat Glass 0.0 X X 0.0 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 0.0 X X X 

327213 Glass Containers 0.0 X X X 

327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 0.6 X 0.0 0.6 

327310 Cements 28.4 X X 28.4 327410 Lime 0.0 X X 0.0 327420 Gypsum 0.0 X X 0.0 327993 Mineral Wool 0.1 X 0.0 0.0 

331 Primary Metals 0.1 X 0.1 0.7 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 19.7 X 0.0 40.9 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 0.1 X 0.0 3.0 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 3.0 X X 3.1 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 4.8 X 0.0 4.8 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 0.7 X X 5.4 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 0.7 X X 10.2 

3315 Foundries 5.6 X 0.1 6.3 

331511 Iron Foundries 0.1 X 49.4 0.0 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 17.6 X X 0.0 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 15.4 X 0.0 16.5 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 57.8 X 88.0 84.1 333 Machinery 47.3 X 59.4 48.1 334 Computer and Electronic Products 64.8 X 0.0 81.1 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 53.4 X 0.0 96.3 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 33.8 X X X 
336 Transportation Equipment 14.6 X 13.3 18.0 

336111 Automobiles 0.0 X X X 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 0.1 X 0.0 0.1 

336411 Aircraft 0.0 X X X 

337 Furniture and Related Products 55.9 X X 55.9 

339 Miscellaneous 62.4 X 47.5 66.6 

Subtotal 1.3 0.1 40.8 4.1 Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products(i) 0 X X X 

Total 1.3 0.1 40.8 4.1 

Northeast Census Region

311 Food 48.9 X 64.8 52.3 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling X X X X 

311221 Wet Corn Milling X X X X 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing X X X X 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 64.8 X 64.8 X 

3115 Dairy Product 88.6 X X 88.6 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 0.0 X X 0.0 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 14.2 X X 0.0 

3121 Beverages 18.1 X X X 

3122 Tobacco 0.0 X X 0.0 

313 Textile Mills 3.4 X X X 

314 Textile Product Mills X X X X 

315 Apparel X X X X 316 Leather and Allied Products X X X X 

321 Wood Products 40.1 0.0 0.1 X 

321113 Sawmills 4.3 X 16.7 X 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 2.1 X 2.1 X 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products X X X X 

3219 Other Wood Products 97.1 X X X 

322 Paper 0.3 X 0.0 0.0 

322110 Pulp Mills 0.0 X X X 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

322122 Newsprint Mills X X X X 

322130 Paperboard Mills 0.0 X X X 

323 Printing and Related Support X X X X 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 4.3 X 0.0 77.6 

324110 Petroleum Refineries X X X X 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 6.2 X 0.0 77.6 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 0.0 X X X 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 0.0 X X X 324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 0.0 X 0.0 X 
325 Chemicals 3.0 X X 3.1 

325110 Petrochemicals 0.0 X X X 325120 Industrial Gases 65.9 X X 79.4 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 35.2 X X 0.0 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol X X X X 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals X X X X 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 0.0 X X 0.0 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins 0.0 X X X 325212 Synthetic Rubber X X X X 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments X X X X 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers X X X X 325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers X X X X 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 0.1 X X 0.0 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 0.1 X X 0.0 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals X X X X 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 99.0 X X 99.0 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 57.8 X 0.0 20.7 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 80.9 X 0.0 81.0 

327211 Flat Glass X X X X 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 0.0 X X X 

327213 Glass Containers X X X X 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 47.3 X X 48.6 

327310 Cements 0.0 X X 0.0 327410 Lime 0.0 X X 0.0 327420 Gypsum X X X X 

327993 Mineral Wool X X X X 

331 Primary Metals 0.1 X 0.0 5.9 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 0.0 X X 0.0 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 60.6 X X X 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 0.0 X X 0.0 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum X X X X 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 0.0 X X 0.0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 0.0 X X X 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 8.3 X X 0.0 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 0.0 X X 0.0 

3315 Foundries 7.9 X 0.0 9.6 

331511 Iron Foundries 0.1 X X X 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries X X X X 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 0.0 X 0.0 X 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 71.5 X 99.5 X 

333 Machinery 72.1 X X 79.0 334 Computer and Electronic Products 61.3 X 0.0 X 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 69.4 X 0.0 X 
335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 50.6 X X X 

336 Transportation Equipment 0.1 X X 0.0 

336111 Automobiles X X X X 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles X X X X 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 0.1 X X 0.0 

336411 Aircraft X X X X 

337 Furniture and Related Products 67.5 X X 67.5 339 Miscellaneous 88.0 X X X 

Total 2.2 0.0 64.0 3.2 

Midwest Census Region

311 Food 17.1 X 0.0 30.8 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 0.0 X 0.0 X 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 0.0 X 0.0 X 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 51.0 X X 51.0 

3115 Dairy Product 61.0 X X 61.0 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 56.5 X 0.0 56.8 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products X X X X 

3121 Beverages X X X X 

3122 Tobacco X X X X 

313 Textile Mills 45.9 X X 45.9 

314 Textile Product Mills X X X X 

315 Apparel X X X X 316 Leather and Allied Products X X X X 

321 Wood Products 20.2 X 1.7 56.2 

321113 Sawmills 37.4 X 62.2 0.0 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 0.0 X X X 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products X X X X 

3219 Other Wood Products 53.9 X 0.0 58.0 

322 Paper 96.0 X 81.6 96.4 

322110 Pulp Mills X X X X 322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 0.0 X X X 

322122 Newsprint Mills X X X X 

322130 Paperboard Mills 0.0 X X 0.0 

323 Printing and Related Support 82.1 X X 82.1 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 3.8 0.0 0.0 38.4 

324110 Petroleum Refineries X X X X 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 10.6 0.0 0.0 46.3 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 1.7 0.0 X X 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 68.2 X X 0.0 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 0.0 X 0.0 X 

325 Chemicals 0.6 D 0.0 1.0 
325110 Petrochemicals X X X X 

325120 Industrial Gases 9.6 X X 9.6 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 1.6 D 0.0 14.4 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 18.7 X X 35.9 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 0.0 X X X 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals D X X 45.8 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins D X 0.0 5.7 325212 Synthetic Rubber 0.0 X X X 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 0.0 X X 0.0 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers D X X D 325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 0.0 X X 0.0 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 0.0 X X 0.0 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 58.4 X X 58.6 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 5.4 X 97.1 5.6 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 43.1 X X X 

327211 Flat Glass 0.0 X X X 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 0.0 X X X 

327213 Glass Containers X X X X 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 0.0 X X 0.0 

327310 Cements X X X X 

327410 Lime X X X X 

327420 Gypsum 0.0 X X 0.0 327993 Mineral Wool X X X X 

331 Primary Metals 0.2 X 0.1 1.1 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 19.2 X 0.0 45.8 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 0.4 X 0.0 7.9 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 0.0 X X X 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 0.0 X X 0.0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 17.2 X 0.0 17.7 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 31.1 X X 81.6 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 0.0 X X X 

3315 Foundries 9.0 X 49.4 10.2 

331511 Iron Foundries 0.1 X 49.4 0.0 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 51.5 X X X 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 22.0 X X 22.0 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 57.4 X 86.4 67.1 333 Machinery 44.8 X 59.4 49.4 334 Computer and Electronic Products 85.4 X X 99.0 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 6.7 X X X 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components X X X X 
336 Transportation Equipment 28.6 X 0.0 38.3 

336111 Automobiles 0.0 X X X 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 0.1 X X 0.0 

336411 Aircraft X X X X 

337 Furniture and Related Products 98.8 X X 98.8 339 Miscellaneous 84.5 X 47.5 90.0 

Total 1.9 D 2.3 1.3 

South Census Region

311 Food 26.2 X 0.1 29.3 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 0.4 X 0.0 0.0 

311221 Wet Corn Milling X X X X 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 0.0 X X X 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food X X X X 

3115 Dairy Product 85.8 X X 85.8 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 27.2 X 0.1 29.4 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 96.1 X X 97.2 

3121 Beverages 96.6 X X 97.2 

3122 Tobacco 0.0 X X X 

313 Textile Mills 82.3 X 82.3 X 

314 Textile Product Mills X X X X 

315 Apparel 80.4 X X 80.7 316 Leather and Allied Products X X X X 

321 Wood Products 8.1 2.4 0.8 60.9 

321113 Sawmills 58.0 83.8 47.2 X 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 0.1 0.0 0.0 X 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 0.0 0.0 0.0 X 

3219 Other Wood Products 57.9 X 97.2 60.9 

322 Paper 50.4 X 0.0 0.0 

322110 Pulp Mills 0.0 X X X 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 0.0 X X 0.0 

322122 Newsprint Mills X X X X 

322130 Paperboard Mills 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

323 Printing and Related Support 72.3 X X X 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 3.4 X 34.0 53.4 

324110 Petroleum Refineries X X X X 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 7.9 X 34.0 94.4 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 2.7 X X X 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 53.3 X X 56.6 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 0.0 X X 0.0 

325 Chemicals 1.6 D 69.7 5.2 

325110 Petrochemicals 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 
325120 Industrial Gases 10.3 X X 10.3 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 18.0 D 0.0 67.4 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol X X X X 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 0.0 X X 0.0 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals D X 79.5 8.6 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins D X X 0.1 325212 Synthetic Rubber 0.0 X X 0.0 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 0.0 X X X 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 5.4 X X 5.4 325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers X X X X 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 19.5 X 0.0 28.6 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 22.8 X X 32.1 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals X X X X 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 69.4 X 99.0 X 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 82.5 X 0.0 93.9 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 1.8 X 0.0 X 

327211 Flat Glass 0.0 X X 0.0 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware X X X X 

327213 Glass Containers 0.0 X X X 

327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 0.0 X 0.0 X 

327310 Cements 0.0 X X 0.0 327410 Lime X X X X 

327420 Gypsum 0.0 X X X 327993 Mineral Wool 0.3 X X X 

331 Primary Metals 0.4 X 0.0 0.9 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 0.0 X X 0.0 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 51.5 X X 74.5 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 0.1 X 0.0 0.2 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 26.6 X X 35.7 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 0.0 X 0.0 X 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 0.0 X X 0.0 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 0.4 X X 0.0 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 0.0 X X X 

3315 Foundries 8.3 X X 8.7 

331511 Iron Foundries 0.0 X X 0.0 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 83.0 X X X 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 0.0 X X 0.0 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 81.8 X X 93.9 

333 Machinery 90.3 X X 90.4 334 Computer and Electronic Products 92.9 X X 97.6 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 0.0 X X X 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 35.6 X X X 

336 Transportation Equipment 0.8 X X 0.0 
336111 Automobiles 0.0 X X X 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 0.0 X X X 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 0.1 X X 0.0 

336411 Aircraft 0.0 X X X 

337 Furniture and Related Products 89.8 X X 92.1 

339 Miscellaneous 97.5 X X 99.0 

Total 1.5 D 57.4 5.0 

West Census Region

311 Food 83.8 X 76.7 2.4 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 0.0 X 0.0 X 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 0.0 X X X 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 0.0 X X 0.0 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 0.0 X X 0.0 

3115 Dairy Product 0.1 X X 0.0 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 27.3 X 0.0 28.7 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 63.5 X 0.9 78.7 

3121 Beverages 63.5 X 0.9 78.7 

3122 Tobacco X X X X 

313 Textile Mills X X X X 

314 Textile Product Mills X X X X 

315 Apparel X X X X 316 Leather and Allied Products 0.3 X X 0.3 

321 Wood Products 0.8 0.0 0.0 3.9 

321113 Sawmills 2.9 X 0.0 70.8 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 0.0 X X 0.0 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products X X X X 

3219 Other Wood Products 63.6 X X X 

322 Paper 0.0 X X X 

322110 Pulp Mills X X X X 322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint X X X X 

322122 Newsprint Mills 0.0 X X X 

322130 Paperboard Mills 0.0 X X X 

323 Printing and Related Support 99.0 X X 99.0 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 7.4 X 4.5 6.0 

324110 Petroleum Refineries X X X X 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 11.3 X 4.5 6.0 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 1.3 X X X 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products X X X X 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 0.0 X X X 

325 Chemicals 1.0 X 90.1 1.0 

325110 Petrochemicals X X X X 

325120 Industrial Gases 0.0 X X 0.0 
325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 23.0 X X 24.1 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 0.0 X X 0.0 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 0.0 X X X 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 0.8 X X 0.0 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins 0.0 X X 0.0 325212 Synthetic Rubber X X X X 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments X X X X 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 0.5 X 90.1 0.5 325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 0.0 X X 0.0 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 94.9 X X 94.9 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation X X X X 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 0.0 X X X 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 92.7 X X 92.7 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 82.8 X 66.3 3.2 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

327211 Flat Glass 0.0 X X X 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware X X X X 

327213 Glass Containers 0.0 X X X 

327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 0.1 X X 0.0 

327310 Cements 28.8 X X 28.8 327410 Lime X X X X 

327420 Gypsum 0.0 X X X 327993 Mineral Wool 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 

331 Primary Metals 0.7 X 0.0 6.9 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 0.0 X X X 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 37.4 X 0.0 49.0 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 0.0 X X 0.0 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 0.0 X X 0.0 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 0.0 X X X 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding X X X X 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 4.5 X X 10.2 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 10.2 X X 10.2 

3315 Foundries 6.0 X X 6.0 

331511 Iron Foundries 0.0 X X 0.0 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 0.0 X X 0.0 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 10.6 X X 10.6 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 97.2 X X X 333 Machinery 88.5 X X 87.8 334 Computer and Electronic Products 75.1 X X 96.3 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 89.6 X X 96.3 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 95.7 X X X 336 Transportation Equipment 10.4 X 58.9 11.3 

336111 Automobiles X X X X 
336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles X X X X 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 0.1 X 0.0 0.1 

336411 Aircraft X X X X 

337 Furniture and Related Products X X X X 339 Miscellaneous 98.4 X X 99.0 

Total 11.9 0.0 37.5 2.0 

(a) The Bureau of the Census classifies establishments using the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

(b) Distillate Fuel Oil includes Nos. 1, 2, and 4 fuel oils and Nos. 1, 2, and 4 diesel fuels.

(c) Natural Gas includes natural gas obtained from utilities, local distribution companies, and any other supplier(s), such as independent gas producers, gas brokers, 

subsidiaries of utilities.

(d) Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids (HGL) include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, ethane‐propane mixtures, propane‐butane mixtures, and 

natural gas processing plants, including plants that fractionate raw Natural Gas Liquids (NGL).

(e) Other includes net steam (the sum of purchases, generation from renewables, and net transfers), and other energy that respondents indicated was used to produ

material inputs. See also Footnote f.

(f) Previously, the Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) had accounted for energy consumed in petroleum refineries by measuring their own fuel use, 

would later be counted in the industries that use them, and assigning the heat equivalent of the nonfuel products to the petroleum refinery (for a more detailed expla

Produced Fuel at Petroleum Refineries). Starting with the 2014 MECS, however, EIA began collecting asphalt and petrochemical feedstock data from establishments tha

are included in the Other column. However, other Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products (i.e. lubricants, solvents, waxes, and special naphthas) from refineries, and used else

sector as energy are not collected on the MECS. An estimate of the Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products used in manufacturing was derived using EIA's U.S. Product Supplie

data.

* Estimate less than 0.5.

D=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.

Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error (RSE) is greater than 50 percent.

X=Not defined because RSE corresponds to a data table value of zero.

NA=Not available.Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. The derived estimates presented in this table are for the first use (formerly prim

power and as feedstocks or raw material inputs. First use is defined as the consumption of the energy that was originally produced offsite or was produced onsite from 

Examples of the latter are hydrogen produced from the electrolysis of brine; the output of captive (onsite) mines or wells; wood chips, bark, and wood waste from woo

waste materials, such as wastepaper and packing materials. First use excludes quantities of energy that are produced from other energy inputs and, therefore, avoids d

Sources: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Demand and Integrated Statistics, Form EIA‐846, 2018 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey

Conversion & Delivery, Form EIA‐810, Monthly Refinery Report for 2018.

The Census Bureau has reviewed this data product for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and has approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied