# 2011 Edition of the Drinking

Water Standards and Health

Advisories

# 2011 Edition of the Drinking Water

Standards and Health Advisories

EPA 820-R-11-002

Office of Water

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Washington, DC

Winter 2011

Date of update: January, 2011

Recycled/Recyclable

Printed on paper that contains

at least 50% recycled fiber

.

# i 

# The Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories Tables are revised periodically by EPA’s

Office of Water in order to update RfD and Cancer values so that they are consistent with the

most current Agency assessments of chemical c ontaminants that may occur in drinking water

and to introduce new Health A dvisories. The following inform ation should be kept in mind

when using the 2011 Edition of the Tables:

Reference dose (RfD) values are updated to reflect the values in the Integrated Risk

Information System (IRIS) and the Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) Reregistration

Eligibility Decisions (RED) Documents. Th e Drinking Water Equivalent Level (DWEL)

has been adjusted accordingly. Thus, both th e RfD and DWEL in the Tables differ from

the values in the Health Advi sory document when the IRIS or OPP RfD is more recent

than the Health Advisory document value. RfD values from IRIS that differ from the

values in the Health Advisory documents are presented in BOLD type. Values derived

from the REDs are given in BOLD italics. For unregulated chemicals with a recent IRIS

or OPP RfD, the lifetime Health Advisory is calculated from the DWEL using the

relative source contribution va lue published in the Health Advisory document. For

regulated chemicals, no lifetime value is provid ed in the Tables when the revised lifetime

value would differ from the Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG).

The cancer group designation or cancer classification and 10 -4 

# cancer risk values reflect

those presently in IRIS or in the OPP RED. New IRIS cancer designations and 10 -4



# cancer risk values are presented in BOLD type and those derived from the REDs are in

BOLD italics.

The IRIS Toxicological Reviews can be accessed at: http://www.epa.gov/IRIS . The OPP

REDs can be accessed at: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides /reregistration/status.htm

.



# In some cases there is a Hea lth Advisory value for a contam inant but there is no reference

to a Health Advisory document. These H ealth Advisory values can be found in the

Drinking Water Criteria Document for the contaminant.

With a few exceptions, the RfDs, Health Advi sory, and cancer risk values have been

rounded to one significant figure following the convention adopted by IRIS.

The Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories Tables may be reached from the Water

Science home page at: http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/

. 

# The Tables are accessed under the

Drinking Water icon.

Copies the Tables may be ordered free of charge from

SAFE DRINKING WATER HOTLINE

1-800-426-4791

Monday thru Friday, 9:00 AM to 5:30 PM EST

# ii 

# DEFINITIONS

The following definitions for terms used in the Tables are not all-encompassing, and should not

be construed to be “official” definitions. They are intended to assist the user in understanding

terms found on the following pages.

Action Level: The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other

requirements which a water system must follow. It is the level of l ead or copper which, if

exceeded in over 10% of the homes tested, triggers treatment for corrosion control.

Cancer Classification: A descriptive weight-of-e vidence judgment as to the likelihood that an

agent is a human carcinogen and the conditions under which the carcinogenic effects may be

expressed. Under the 2005 EPA Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment , descriptive terms

for carcinogenicity replace the earlier alpha numeric Cancer Group de signations (US EPA 1986

guidelines). The suggested desc riptive terms are as follows:

• Carcinogenic to humans ( H )

• Likely to be carcinogenic to humans ( L )

• Likely to be carcinogenic above a specified dose but not like ly to be carc inogenic below

that dose because a key event in tumor fo rmation does not occur below that dose ( L/N )

• Suggestive evidence of carcinogenic potential ( S )

• Inadequate information to assess carcinogenic potential ( I )

• Not likely to be carcinogenic to humans ( N )

The letter abbreviations provided parenthetically above are now used in the Tables in place of

the prior alpha numeric identifiers for chemi cals that have been evaluated under the new

guidelines (the 2005 guidelines or the 1996 and 1999 draft guidelines).

Cancer Group: A qualitative weight-of-evidence judgment as to the likelihood that a chemical

may be a carcinogen for humans. Each chemical was placed into one of the following five

categories (US EPA 1986 guidelines) . The Cancer Group designations are given in the Tables for

chemicals that have not yet been evaluated under the new guidelines.

Group Category

A Human carcinogen

B Probable human carcinogen:

B1 indicates limited human evidence

B2 indicates sufficient evidence in animals and inadequate or no evidence in humans

C Possible human carcinogen

D Not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity

E Evidence of noncarcinogenicity for humans

10 -4 

# Cancer Risk: The concentration of a chemical in dr inking water corresponding to an excess

estimated lifetime cancer risk of 1 in 10,000.

# iii 

# Drinking Water Advisory: A nonregulatory concentration of a contaminant in water that is

likely to be without adverse e ffects on health and aesthetics.

DWEL: Drinking Water Equivalent Level. A life time exposure concentration protective of

adverse, non-cancer health effects, which assume s that all of the exposure to a contaminant is

from drinking water.

HA: Health Advisory. An estimate of acceptable dr inking water levels for a chemical substance

based on health effects information; a Health Advisory is not a lega lly enforceable Federal

standard, but serves as technical guidance to assist Federal, State, and local officials.

One-Day HA: The concentration of a chemical in dr inking water that is not expected to

cause any adverse noncarcinogenic effects for up to one day of exposure. The One-Day

HA is normally designed to protect a 10-kg ch ild consuming 1 liter of water per day.

Ten-Day HA: The concentration of a chemical in dr inking water that is not expected to

cause any adverse noncarcinogenic effects for up to ten days of exposure. The Ten-Day

HA is also normally designed to protect a 10 -kg child consuming 1 liter of water per day.

Lifetime HA: The concentration of a chemical in dr inking water that is not expected to

cause any adverse noncarcinogenic effects for a lifetime of exposure. The Lifetime HA

is based on exposure of a 70-kg adult consuming 2 liters of water per day. The Lifetime

HA for Group C carcinogens includes an ad justment for possible carcinogenicity.

MCLG: Maximum Contaminant Level Goal. A non-enfo rceable health goal which is set at a

level at which no known or anticipa ted adverse effect on the health of persons occurs and which

allows an adequate margin of safety.

MCL: Maximum Contaminant Level. The highest leve l of a contaminant that is allowed in

drinking water. MCLs are set as cl ose to the MCLG as feasible usi ng the best available analytical

and treatment technologies and taking cost into consideration. MCLs are enforceable standards.

RfD: Reference Dose. An estimate (with uncertainty spanning perhaps an order of magnitude) of

a daily oral exposure to the human population (i ncluding sensitive subgroups) that is likely to be

without an appreciable risk of de leterious effects during a lifetime.

SDWR: Secondary Drinking Water Regulations. Non- enforceable Federal guidelines regarding

cosmetic effects (such as tooth or skin discolora tion) or aesthetic effects (such as taste, odor, or

color) of drinking water.

TT: Treatment Technique. A required process inte nded to reduce the level of a contaminant in

drinking water.

# iv 

# ABBREVIATIONS

D Draft

F Final

I Interim

NA Not Applicable

NOAEL No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level

OPP Office of Pesticide Programs

P Proposed

Pv Provisional

Reg Regulation

TT Treatment TechniqueDrinking Water Standards and Health AdvisoriesWinter 2011Page 11StandardsHealth Advisories10-kg ChildStatusmg/L atCASRNStatusMCLGMCLHA10_4CancerCancerLife-ChemicalsNumberReg.(mg/L) (mg/L)DocumentRiskDescriptor1One-dayTen-dayRfDDWELtime(mg/L)(mg/L)(mg/kg/day)(mg/L)(mg/L)ORGANICSAcenaphthene83-32-9---- --0.062---Acifluorfen (sodium)62476-59-9--F ’88220.010.4-0.1L/NAcrylamide79-06-1FzeroTT2F ‘871.50.30.0020.07--LAcrylonitrile107-13-1--- -----0.006B1Alachlor15972-60-8Fzero0.002F ‘880.10.10.010.4-0.04B2Aldicarb3116-06-3F40.0010.003F ‘950.010.010.0010.0350.007-DAldicarb sulfone31646-88-4F40.0010.002F ‘950.010.010.0010.0350.007-D3Aldicarb sulfoxide1646-87-3F40.0010.004F ‘950.010.010.0010.0350.007-DAldrin309-00-2---F ‘920.00030.00030.000030.001-0.0002B2Ametryn834-12-8---F ‘88990.0090.30.06-DAmmonium sulfamate7773-06-0---F ‘8820200.282-DAnthracene (PAH)5120-12-7---- --0.310--DAtrazine1912-24-9F0.0030.003F ‘88--0.020.7--NBaygon114-26-1---F ‘880.040.040.0040.10.003-CBentazon25057-89-0---F ‘990.30.30.0310.2-EBenz[a]anthracene (PAH)56-55-3---- ------B2Benzene71-43-2Fzero0.005F ’870.20.20.0040.1-0.1HBenzo[a]pyrene (PAH)50-32-8Fzero0.0002- -----0.0005B2Benzo[b]fluoranthene (PAH)205-99-2---- ------B2Benzo[g,h,i]perylene (PAH)191-24-2---- ------DBenzo[k]fluoranthene (PAH)207-08-9---- ------B2Bis(2-chloro-1-methylethyl) ether108-60-1---F ‘89440.0410.3-DBromacil314-40-9---F ‘88550.13.50.07-CBromobenzene108-86-1---D ‘86440.0080.30.07-I1Chemicals evaluated under the 2005 Cancer Guidelines or the 1996 or 1999 drafts are demoted by an abbreviation for their weight-of-the-evidence descriptor (see page iii). If the agencyhas not completed a new assessment for the chemical, the 1986 Guidelines Group designation (see page iii) is given in the Cancer Descriptor column.2When Acrylamide is used in drinking water systems, the combination (or product) of dose and monomer level shall not exceed that equivalent to a polyacrylamide polymer containing0.05% monomer dosed at 1 mg/L.3The MCL value for any combination of two or more of thesethree chemicals should not exceed 0.007 mg/L because of a similar mode of action.4Administrative stay of the effective date.5PAH = Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.Drinking Water Standards and Health AdvisoriesWinter 2011Page 22ChemicalsCASRNNumberStandardsStatusHADocumentHealth AdvisoriesCancerDescriptorStatusReg.MCLG(mg/L)MCL(mg/L)10-kg ChildOne-day(mg/L)Ten-day(mg/L)RfD(mg/kg/day)DWEL(mg/L)Life-time(mg/L)mg/L at10_4CancerRiskBromochloromethane74-97-5---F ‘895010.010.50.09-DBromodichloromethane (THM)75-27-4Fzero0.081-10.60.0030.1-0.1LBromoform (THM)75-25-2Fzero0.081-50.20.031-0.8LBromomethane74-83-9---D ‘890.10.10.0010.050.01-DButyl benzyl phthalate85-68-7------0.27--CButylate2008-41-5---F ‘89220.0520.4-DCarbaryl63-25-2---F ‘88110.010.4-4LCarbofuran1563-66-2F0.040.04F ‘87--0.00006---NCarbon tetrachloride56-23-5Fzero0.005F ‘8740.20.0040.1-0.05LCarboxin5234-68-4---F ‘88110.13.50.7-DChloramben133-90-4---F ‘88330.0150.50.1-DChlordane57-74-9Fzero0.002F ‘870.060.060.00050.02-0.01B2Chloroform (THM)67-66-3F0.070.081-440.010.350.07-L/NChloromethane74-87-3---F ‘8990.4----IChlorophenol (2-)95-57-8---D ‘940.50.50.0050.20.04-DChlorothalonil1897-45-6---F ‘880.20.20.0150.5-0.15B2Chlorotoluene o-95-49-8---F ‘89220.020.70.1-DChlorotoluene p-106-43-4---F ‘89220.020.70.1-DChlorpyrifos2921-88-2---F ‘920.030.030.00030.010.002-DChrysene (PAH)218-01-9----------B2Cyanazine21725-46-2---D ‘960.10.10.0020.070.001-11998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: The total for trihalomethanes (THM) is 0.08 mg/L.Drinking Water Standards and Health AdvisoriesWinter 2011Page 33ChemicalsCASRNNumberStandardsStatusHADocumentHealth AdvisoriesCancerDescriptorStatusReg.MCLG(mg/L)MCL(mg/L)10-kg ChildOne-day(mg/L)Ten-day(mg/L)RfD(mg/kg/day)DWEL(mg/L)Life-time(mg/L)mg/L at10_4CancerRisk1Cyanogen chloride506-77-4----0.050.050.052--D2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)94-75-7F0.070.07F ‘8710.30.0050.2--DDCPA (Dacthal)1861-32-1---F ‘08220.010.350.07-CDalapon (sodium salt)75-99-0F0.20.2F ‘89330.030.90.2-DDi(2-ethylhexyl)adipate103-23-1F0.40.4-20200.6200.43CDi(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate117-81-7Fzero0.006---0.020.7-0.3B2Diazinon333-41-5---F ‘880.020.020.00020.0070.001-EDibromochloromethane (THM)124-48-1F0.060.082-0.60.60.020.70.060.08SDibromochloropropane (DBCP)96-12-8Fzero0.0002F ’870.20.05---0.003B2Dibutyl phthalate84-74-2------0.14--DDicamba1918-00-9---F ‘88--0.5184-NDichloroacetic acid76-43-6Fzero0.063-550.0040.1-0.07LDichlorobenzene o-95-50-1F0.60.6F ‘87990.0930.6-D4Dichlorobenzene —541-73-1---F ‘87990.0930.6-DDichlorobenzene p-106-46-7F0.0750.075F ‘8711110.140.075-CDichlorodifluoromethane75-71-8---F ’8940400.251-DDichloroethane (1,2-)107-06-2Fzero0.005F ‘870.70.7---0.04B2Dichloroethylene (1,1-)75-35-4F0.0070.007F ‘87210.052-0.006SDichloroethylene (cis-1,2-)156-59-2F0.070.07F ‘90410.0020.07--IDichloroethylene (trans-1,2-)156-60-5F0.10.1F ‘872010.020.70.1-IDichloromethane75-09-2Fzero0.005D ‘931020.062-0.5B2Dichlorophenol (2,4-)120-83-2---D ‘940.030.030.0030.10.02-EDichloropropane (1,2-)78-87-5Fzero0.005F ’87-0.09---0.06B2Dichloropropene (1,3-)542-75-6---F ‘880.030.030.031-0.04LDieldrin60-57-1---F ‘880.00050.00050.000050.002-0.0002B2Diethyl phthalate84-66-2------0.830--D1Under review.21998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: The total for trihalomethanes is 0.08 mg/L.31998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: The total for five haloacetic acids is 0.06 mg/L.4The values for m-dichlorobenzene are based on data for o-dichlorobenzene.Drinking Water Standards and Health AdvisoriesWinter 2011Page 44StandardsHealth Advisories10-kg ChildStatusmg/L atCASRNStatusMCLGMCLHAOne-dayTen-dayRfDDWELLife-time10_4CancerCancerChemicalsNumberReg.(mg/L) (mg/L)Document(mg/L) (mg/L)(mg/kg/day)(mg/L) (mg/L)RiskDescriptor- --Diisopropyl methylphosphonate1445-75-6F ‘898 80.0830.6-D-Dimethrin70-38-2--F ‘8810100.3102-D-Dimethyl methylphosphonate756-79-6--F ‘92220.270.10.7C-Dimethyl phthalate131-11-3--- ------D-Dinitrobenzene (1,3-)99-65-0--F ‘910.040.040.00010.0050.001-D-Dinitrotoluene (2,4-)121-14-2--F ‘08110.0020.1-0.005L-Dinitrotoluene (2,6-)606-20-2--F ‘08 0.40.040.0010.04-0.005LDinitrotoluene (2,6 & 2,4)1---F ‘92-----0.005B2Dinoseb88-85-7F0.0070.007F ‘880.30.30.0010.0350.007-DDioxane p-123-91-1---F ‘8740.40.0310.2.035LDiphenamid957-51-7---F ‘880.30.30.0310.2-DDiquat85-00-7F0.020.02- --0.0050.02--EDisulfoton298-04-4---F ‘880.010.010.00010.00350.0007-EDithiane (1,4-)505-29-3---F ‘920.40.40.010.40.08-DDiuron330-54-1---F ‘88110.0030.1-0.2LEndothall145-73-3F0.10.1F ‘880.80.80.0070.250.05-NEndrin72-20-8F0.0020.002F ‘870.020.0050.00030.010.002-DEpichlorohydrin106-89-8FzeroTT2F ‘870.10.10.0020.07-0.3B2Ethylbenzene100-41-4F0.70.7F ‘873030.130.7-DEthylene dibromide (EDB)3106-93-4Fzero0.00005F ‘870.0080.0080.0090.3-0.002LEthylene glycol107-21-1---F ‘8720627014-DEthylene Thiourea (ETU)96-45-7---F ‘880.30.30.00020.007-0.06B2Fenamiphos22224-92-6---F ‘880.0090.0090.00010.00350.0007-E1Technical grade.2When epichlorohydrin is used in drinking water systems, thecombination (or product) of dose and monomer level shall not exceed that equivalent to an epichlorohydrin-based polymercontaining 0.01% monomer dosed at 20 mg/L.31,2-dibromoethane.Drinking Water Standards and Health AdvisoriesWinter 2011Page 55ChemicalsCAS NumberStandardsStatusHAStandardsHealth AdvisoriesCancerDescriptorStatusReg.MCLG(mg/L)MCL(mg/L)10-kg ChildOne-day(mg/L)Ten-day(mg/L)RfD(mg/kg/day)DWEL(mg/L)Life-time(mg/L)mg/L at10_4CancerRiskFluometuron2164-17-2---F ‘88220.010.50.09Fluorene (PAH)86-73-7------0.041--DFonofos944-22-9---F ‘880.020.020.0020.070.01-DFormaldehyde50-00-0---D ‘931050.271-B11Glyphosate1071-83-6F0.70.7F ‘882020270--DHeptachlor76-44-8Fzero0.0004F ‘870.010.010.00050.02-0.0008B2Heptachlor epoxide1024-57-3Fzero0.0002F ‘870.01-0.000010.0004-0.0004B2Hexachlorobenzene118-74-1Fzero0.001F ‘870.050.050.00080.03-0.002B2Hexachlorobutadiene287-68-3----0.30.30.00030.01-0.09LHexachlorocyclopentadiene77-47-4F0.050.05---0.0060.2--NHexachloroethane67-72-1---F ‘91550.0010.040.0010.3CHexane (n-)110-54-3---F ‘87104----IHexazinone51235-04-2---F ‘96320.0520.4-DHMX32691-41-0---F ‘88550.0520.4-DIndeno[1,2,3,-c,d]pyrene (PAH)193-39-5----------B2Isophorone78-59-1---F ‘9215150.270.14CIsopropyl methylphosphonate1832-54-8---F ‘9230300.13.50.7-DIsopropylbenzene (cumene)98-82-8---D ‘8711110.14--DLindane458-89-9F0.00020.0002F ‘87110.0050.2--SMalathion121-75-5---F ‘920.20.20.0720.5-SMaleic hydrazide123-33-1---F ‘8810100.5204-DMCPA594-74-6---F ‘880.10.10.0040.140.03-NMethomyl16752-77-5---F ‘880.30.30.0250.90.2-EMethoxychlor72-43-5F0.040.04F ‘870.050.050.0050.20.04-DMethyl ethyl ketone78-93-3---F ‘87757.50.6204-DMethyl parathion298-00-0---F ‘880.30.30.00020.0070.001-ND1Carcinogenicity based on inhalation exposure.2Regulatory Determination Health Effects Support Document for Hexachlorobutadiene(http://www.epa.gov/safewater/ccl/pdfs/reg_determine1/support_cc1_hexachlorobutadiene_healtheffects.pdf).3HMX = octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine.4Lindane =γ −hexachlorocyclohexane.5MCPA = 4 (chloro-2-methoxyphenoxy) acetic acid.Drinking Water Standards and Health AdvisoriesWinter 2011Page 66ChemicalsCASRNNumberStandardsStatusHADocumentHealth AdvisoriesCancerDescriptorStatusReg.MCLG(mg/L)MCL(mg/L)10-kg ChildOne-day(mg/L)Ten-day(mg/L)RfD(mg/kg/day)DWEL(mg/L)Life-time(mg/L)mg/L at10_4CancerRiskMetolachlor51218-45-2---F ‘88220.13.50.7-CMetribuzin21087-64-9---F ‘88550.010.350.07-DMonochloroacetic acid79-11-8F0.030.061-0.20.20.010.350.07-IMonochlorobenzene108-90-7F0.10.1F ‘87440.020.70.1-DNaphthalene91-20-3---F ‘900.50.50.020.70.1-INitrocellulose29004-70-0---F ‘88-------Nitroguanidine556-88-7---F ‘9010100.13.50.7-DNitrophenol p-100-02-7---F ‘920.80.80.0080.30.06-DN-nitrosodimethylamine---------0.00007B2Oxamyl (Vydate)23135-22-0F0.20.2F ‘050.010.010.0010.035-NParaquat1910-42-5---F ‘880.10.10.00450.20.03-EPentachlorophenol87-86-5Fzero0.001F ‘8710.30.0050.20.040.009LPFOA3335-67-1---Pv ‘09-------PFOS41763-23-1---Pv ‘09-------Phenanthrene (PAH)85-01-8----------DPhenol108-95-2---D ‘92660.3112-DPicloram1918-02-1F0.50.5F ‘8820200.020.7--DPolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)1336-36-3Fzero0.0005D ‘93-----0.01B2Prometon1610-18-0---F ‘880.20.20.0520.4-NPronamide23950-58-5---F ‘880.80.80.083-0.1B2Propachlor1918-16-7---F ‘880.50.50.052-0.1LPropazine139-40-2---F ‘88--0.020.70.01-NPropham122-42-9---F ‘88550.020.60.1-DPyrene (PAH)129-00-0------0.03---DRDX5121-82-4---F ‘880.10.10.0030.10.0020.03CSimazine122-34-9F0.0040.004F ‘88--0.020.7--NStyrene100-42-5F0.10.1F ‘872020.270.1-C2,4,5-T (Trichlorophenoxy-acetic93-76-5---F ‘880.80.80.010.350.07-Dacid)11998 Final Rule for Disinfectants andDisinfection By-products: the total for five haloacetic acids is 0.06 mg/L.2The Health Advisory Document for nitrocellulose does not include HA values and describesthis compound as relatively nontoxic.3Perfluorooctanoic Acid. Provisional short-term value 0.0004 mg/L.4Perfluorooctane Sulfonate. Provisional short-term value 0.0002 mg/L.5RDX = hexahydro -1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine.Drinking Water Standards and Health AdvisoriesWinter 2011Page77StandardsHealth AdvisoriesCancerDescriptorChemicalsCASRNNumberStatusReg.MCLG(mg/L)MCL(mg/L)StatusHADocument10-kg ChildOne-day(mg/L)Ten-day(mg/L)RfD(mg/kg/day)DWEL(mg/L)Life-time(mg/L)mg/L at 10_4Cancer Risk2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin)1746-01-6Fzero3E-08F ’871E-061E-071E-094E-08-2E-08B2Tebuthiuron34014-18-1---F ‘88330.0720.5-DTerbacil5902-51-2---F ‘880.30.30.010.40.09-ETerbufos13071-79-9---F ‘880.0050.0050.000050.0020.0004-DTetrachloroethane (1,1,1,2-)630-20-6---F ‘89220.0310.070.1CTetrachloroethane (1,1,2,2-)79-34-5---F ‘08330.010.4-0.04LTetrachloroethylene1127-18-4Fzero0.005F ‘87220.010.50.01--Tetrachloroterephthalic acid236-79-0---F ‘08100100----ITrichlorofluoromethane75-69-4---F ‘89770.3102-DToluene108-88-3F11D ‘932020.083--IToxaphene8001-35-2Fzero0.003F ‘960.0040.0040.00040.01-0.003B22,4,5-TP (Silvex)93-72-1F0.050.05F ‘880.20.20.0080.30.05-DTrichloroacetic acid76-03-9F0.020.062-330.0310.02-STrichlorobenzene (1,2,4-)120-82-1F0.070.07F ‘890.10.10.010.350.07-DTrichlorobenzene (1,3,5-)108-70-3---F ‘890.60.60.0060.20.04-DTrichloroethane (1,1,1-)71-55-6F0.20.2F ‘8710040270--ITrichloroethane (1,1,2-)79-00-5F0.0030.005F ‘890.60.40.0040.10.0030.06CTrichloroethylene179-01-6Fzero0.005F ‘87--0.0070.2-0.3B2Trichlorophenol (2,4,6-)88-06-2---D ‘940.030.030.00030.01-0.3B2Trichloropropane (1,2,3-)96-18-4---F ‘890.60.60.0040.1--LTrifluralin1582-09-8---F ‘900.080.080.020.70.010.4CTrimethylbenzene (1,2,4-)95-63-6---D ‘87------DTrimethylbenzene (1,3,5-)108-67-8---D ‘8710-----DTrinitroglycerol55-63-0---F ‘870.0050.005--0.0050.2-Trinitrotoluene (2,4,6-)118-96-7---F ‘890.020.020.00050.020.0020.1CVinyl chloride75-01-4Fzero0.002F ‘87330.0030.1-0.002HXylenes1330-20-7F1010D ‘9340400.27--I1Under review.21998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: The total for five haloacetic acids is 0.06 mg/L.Drinking Water Standards and Health AdvisoriesWinter 2011Page 88StandardsHealth Advisories10-kg ChildCASRNStatusMCLGMCLStatusOne-dayTen-dayRfDDWELLife-timemg/L at 10_4CancerChemicalsNumberReg.(mg/L) (mg/L)HA Document(mg/L) (mg/L)(mg/kg/day)(mg/L) (mg/L)Cancer RiskDescriptorINORGANICSAmmonia7664-41-7- - -D ‘92-- --30-DAntimony 7440-36-0F0.0060.006F‘920.01 0.01 0.0004 0.01 0.006 - DArsenic7440-38-2Fzero0.01- --0.00030.01-0.002AAsbestos (fibers/l >10Fm length)1332-21-4F7 MFL17 MFL- -----700-MFLA2Barium7440-39-3F 2 2D ‘930.7 0.70.27- -NBeryllium7440-41-7F0.004 0.004F ‘9230 300.0020.07- --Boron7440-42-8- - -F ‘08330.276 -IBromate7789-38-0Fzero0.01D ‘980.2-0.0040.14-0.005B2Cadmium7440-43-9F0.005 0.005F ’870.04 0.040.00050.020.005-DChloramine310599-90-3F 4444D ‘95--0.1 3.5 3.0--Chlorine7782-50-5F 4444D ‘95330.154 -DChlorine dioxide10049-04-4F0.840.84D ‘980.8 0.80.0310.8-DChlorite7758-19-2F0.81D ‘980.8 0.80.0310.8-DChromium (total)7440-47-3F0.1 0.1F ‘87110.00350.1- -DCopper (at tap)7440-50-8F1.3 TT6D ‘98----- -DCyanide143-33-9F0.2 0.2F ‘870.2 0.20.00067-- -I8----Fluoride7681-49-4F 4 4- --0.069Lead (at tap)7439-92-1FzeroTT6- ----- -B2Manganese7439-96-5- - -F”04 110.14101.6 0.3-DMercury (inorganic)7487-94-7F0.002 0.002F ‘870.002 0.0020.00030.010.002-DMolybdenum7439-98-7- - -D ‘930.08 0.080.0050.20.04-DNickel 7440-02-0F--F‘95110.020.70.1--1MFL = million fibers per liter.2Carcinogenicity based on inhalation exposure.3Monochloramine; measured as free chlorine.41998 Final Rule for Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products: MRDLG=Maximum Residual Disinfection Level Goal; and MRDL=Maximum Residual Disinfection Level.5IRIS value for chromium VI.6Copper action level 1.3 mg/L; lead action level 0.015 mg/L.7This RfD is for hydrogen cyanide.8In case of overfeed of the fluoridation chemical see CDC Guidelines in Engineering and Administrative Recommendations on WaterFluoridationwww.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00039178.htm. Elevated F levels≥10mg/L require action by the water system operator.9Based on dental fluorosis in children, a cosmetic effect. MCLG based on skeletal fluorosis.10Dietary manganese. The lifetime health advisory includes a 3fold modifying factor to account for increased bioavailability from drinking water.Drinking Water Standards and Health AdvisoriesWinter 2011Page 99ChemicalsCASRNNumberStandardsStatusHADocumentHealth AdvisoriesCancerDescriptorStatusReg.MCLG(mg/L)MCL(mg/L)10-kg ChildOne-day(mg/L)Ten-day(mg/L)RfD(mg/kg/day)DWEL(mg/L)Lifetime(mg/L)mg/L at 10_4Cancer RiskNitrate (as N)Nitrite (as N)Nitrate + Nitrite (both as N)Perchlorate2SeleniumSilverStrontiumThalliumWhite phosphorousZincRADIONUCLIDESBeta particle and photonactivity (formerlyman-made radionuclides)Gross alpha particle activityCombined Radium 226 & 228RadonUranium14797-55-814797-65-014797-73-07782-49-27440-22-47440-24-67440-28-07723-14-07440-66-67440-14-410043-92-27440-61-1FFF-F--F--FFFPF10110-0.05--0.0005--zerozerozerozerozero10110-0.05--0.002--4 mrem/yr15 pCi/L5 pCi/L300pCi/LAMCL44000pCi/L0.03D ‘93D ‘93D ‘93I ‘08-F ‘92D ‘93F ‘92F ‘90D ‘93-----10111---0.2250.007-6-----10111---0.2250.007-6-----1.60.16-0.0070.0050.00530.6-0.000020.3----0.00065---0.0250.20.220-0.000510----0.02---0.0150.050.134-0.00012--------------4 mrem/yr15 pCi/L-150 pCi/L----L/NDDDIIAAAAAD1These values are calculated for a 4-kg infant and are protective for all age groups.2Subchronic value for pregnant women.3Based on a cosmetic effect.4AMCL = Alternative Maximum Contaminant Level.5Soluble uranium salts. Radionuclide Rule.10Secondary Drinking Water RegulationsChemicalsCAS NumberStatusSDWRAluminum7429-90-5F0.05 to 0.2 mg/LChloride7647-14-5F250 mg/LColorNAF15 color unitsCopper7440-50-8F1.0 mg/LCorrosivityNAFnon-corrosiveFluoride7681-49-4F2.0 mg/LFoaming agentsNAF0.5 mg/LIron7439-89-6F0.3 mg/LManganese7439-96-5F0.05 mg/LOdorNAF3 threshold odor numberspHNAF6.5 – 8.5Silver7440-22-4F0.1 mg/LSulfate7757-82-6F250 mg/LTotal dissolved solids (TDS)NAF500 mg/LZinc7440-66-6F5 mg/LWinter 2011Page 1111MicrobiologyStatusReg.Status HADocumentMCLGMCLTreatment TechniqueCryptosporidiumFF 01-TTSystems that filter must remove99% ofCryptosporidiumGiardia lambliaFF 98-TT99.9% killed/inactivatedLegionellaF1F 01zeroTTNo limit; EPA believes that ifGiardiaand viruses are inactivated,Legionellawill also be controlledHeterotrophic Plate Count(HPC)F1-NATTNo more than 500 bacterialcolonies per milliliter.Mycobacteria-F 99---Total ColiformsF-zero5%No more than 5.0% samples totalcoliform-positive in a month. Everysample that has total coliforms mustbe analyzed for fecal coliforms; nofecal coliforms are allowed.TurbidityF-NATTAt no time can turbidity go above 5NTU (nephelometric turbidity units)VirusesF1-zeroTT99.99% killed/inactivated1Regulated under the surface water treatment rule.12Drinking Water Advisory TableChemicalsStatusHealth-based ValueTasteThresholdOdorThresholdAmmoniaD ‘92Not Available30 mg/LMethyl tertiary butylether (MtBE)F ‘98Not Available40μg/L20μg/LSodiumF ‘0320 mg/L (forindividuals on a 500mg/day restrictedsodium diet).30-60 mg/LSulfateF ‘03500 mg/L250 mg/LTaste Threshold: Concentration at whichthe majority of consumers do not notice anadverse taste in drinking water; it isrecognized that some sensitive individuals may detect a chemical at levels below this threshold.Odor Threshold: Concentration at which the majority of consumers do not notice an adverse odor in drinking water; it isrecognized that some sensitive individuals may detect a chemical at levels below this threshold.