Released: February 2021

Next MECS will be fielded in 2022.

Table 1.2 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2018;

Level: National and Regional Data;

Row: NAICS Codes; Column: Energy Sources and Shipments;

Unit: Trillion Btu.

NAICS Net Residual Distillate Natural HGL (excluding C

Code(a) Subsector and Industry Total(b) Electricity(c) Fuel Oil Fuel Oil(d) Gas(e) natural gasoline)(f) Coal 

Total United States

311 Food 1,161 314 * 15 675 7 48 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 247 50 * 1 150 * 19 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 111 21 0 1 61 * 10 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 107 4 * * 33 * 29 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 130 34 * * 93 1 0 

3115 Dairy Product 124 39 * 1 81 2 0 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 278 108 * 3 151 2 0 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 118 49 * * 54 1 * 

3121 Beverages 111 46 * * 50 1 * 

3122 Tobacco 7 3 * * 4 *0 

313 Textile Mills 64 37 * * 23 1 1 314 Textile Product Mills 22 10 0 * 11 * * 

315 Apparel 4 2 0 *2 ** 

316 Leather and Allied Products 2 1 0 * 1 * 0 

321 Wood Products 388 71 * 12 68 4 * 

321113 Sawmills 161 25 * 5 18 * 0 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 139 23 * 1 32 1 * 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 78 15 * * 20 * 0 

3219 Other Wood Products 79 22 * Q 15 2 * 

322 Paper 2,041 174 9 4 575 3 54 

322110 Pulp Mills 292 5 3 1 40 * * 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 698 53 3 2 226 1 39 322122 Newsprint Mills 35 17 0 * 5 * 0 322130 Paperboard Mills 897 56 3 2 236 * 13 

323 Printing and Related Support 60 34 * * 25 1 0 324 Petroleum and Coal Products 4,245 178 3 14 1,079 20 158 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 3,375 165 2 5 994 16 0 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 475 5 1 8 42 3 * 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 272 3 * * 14 * 0 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 26 5 0 * 21 * 0 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 97 * 0 1 8 * 158 

325 Chemicals 7,141 501 45 9 3,234 2,839 130 

325110 Petrochemicals 1,461 24 0 1 307 1,204 0 

325120 Industrial Gases 291 74 0 * 243 * 0 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 555 101 44 * 264 55 33 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 453 37 0 * 360 * 44 325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 233 11 0 * 120 78 3 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 1,366 65 * Q 597 412 42 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins 1,675 58 0 D 458 D D 
325212 Synthetic Rubber 38 5 0 * 19 3 2 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 33 9 0 * 23 * * 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 614 18 0 * D * 0 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 37 D * D 29 * D 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 115 36 0 1 63 * * 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 67 21 0 * 31 * * 325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 8 3 * * 3 * 0 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 257 168 * Q 84 3 0 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 846 129 * 21 350 2 189 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 47 6 0 * 36 * 3 

327211 Flat Glass 47 5 0 * 41 * * 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 31 7 0 * 22 * 0 

327213 Glass Containers 54 12 0 * 42 * 0 

327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 22 13 0 * 9 * 0 

327310 Cements 296 39 0 1 58 * 106 

327410 Lime 106 5 0 1 19 * 63 

327420 Gypsum 59 5 0 1 52 * 0 327993 Mineral Wool 33 11 0 * 22 * * 

331 Primary Metals 1,511 385 * 6 683 3 276 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 1,047 190 * 4 453 * 271 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 53 24 0 * 26 * 1 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 217 90 0 1 117 1 0 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 21 3 0 * 18 * 0 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 72 18 0 * 54 * 0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 24 7 0 * 18 * 0 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 100 45 0 * 42 1 4 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 48 27 0 * 16 * 4 

3315 Foundries 93 37 * * 45 1 * 

331511 Iron Foundries 41 18 0 * 13 * * 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 22 7 * * 15 * 0 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 9 3 0 * 6 * 0 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 257 124 0 Q 126 4 * 

333 Machinery 148 80 * 2 61 4 * 334 Computer and Electronic Products 110 76 * * 33 * 0 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 54 40 * * 14 * 0 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 85 38 * * 37 1 0 

336 Transportation Equipment 348 172 2 4 159 3 0 

336111 Automobiles 34 14 0 * 18 * 0 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 41 14 0 * 25 * 0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 66 33 * * 28 * 0 

336411 Aircraft 17 9 0 * 6 * 0 

337 Furniture and Related Products 37 16 0 * 15 1 * 

339 Miscellaneous 61 33 0 * 26 1 * 

Subtotal 18,907 2,591 59 92 7,320 2,898 857 Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products(i) 529 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Total 19,436 2,591 59 92 7,320 2,898 857 

Northeast Census Region

311 Food 81 27 * Q 49 1 0 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 4 2 0 * 2 * 0 

311221 Wet Corn Milling * * 0 0 * * 0 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 2 * 0 * 2 * 0 
3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 12 3 * * 9 * 0 

3115 Dairy Product 17 5 * * 11 * 0 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 11 4 0 * 7 * 0 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 13 6 * * 7 * 0 

3121 Beverages 12 6 * * 6 * 0 

3122 Tobacco 1 * * * 1 *0 

313 Textile Mills 6 2 0 *4 10 

314 Textile Product Mills 2 1 0 * 1 * * 

315 Apparel 1 1 0 01 ** 

316 Leather and Allied Products 1 * 0 * * * 0 

321 Wood Products 52 5 * 1 5 2 * 

321113 Sawmills 8 1 * 1 * *0 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 29 1 * * 2 * * 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 17 1 * * 2 * 0 

3219 Other Wood Products 13 3 * * 3 * * 

322 Paper 193 15 3 * 79 1 8 

322110 Pulp Mills D 1 * * 4 *0 322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 120 3 2 * 51 * 7 322122 Newsprint Mills 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 322130 Paperboard Mills 23 5 * * 15 * 0 

323 Printing and Related Support 9 5 * * 3 * 0 324 Petroleum and Coal Products 264 9 * 2 42 * 0 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 136 7 * * 30 * 0 324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 90 1 * 2 9 * 0 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 35 * 0 * 2 * 0 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 1 * 0 * 1 * 0 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 2 * 0 * 2 *0 

325 Chemicals 173 38 * 1 116 * 5 

325110 Petrochemicals * * 0 * * * 0 

325120 Industrial Gases 12 9 0 0 2 * 0 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 13 6 0 * 6 * 0 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 7 1 0 * 7 *0 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 3 * 0 0 2 00 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 58 5 * * 46 * 5 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins D 3 0 * 5 * 0 325212 Synthetic Rubber * * 0 * * * 0 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments * * 0 * * * 0 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 1 * 0 * * * 0 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers * * 0 * 0 * 0 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 32 8 0 * 23 * 0 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 13 5 0 * 8 * 0 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 4 1 * * 1 * 0 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 28 16 0 * 11 Q 0 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 88 13 0 4 52 * 5 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 6 1 0 * 3 * 2 

327211 Flat Glass 4 * 0 0 4 *0 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 5 1 0 * 4 *0 

327213 Glass Containers 7 2 0 * 6 * 0 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 3 1 0 * 2 *0 327310 Cements 24 3 0 * 15 * 2 327410 Lime 5 * 0 *3 02 

327420 Gypsum 6 * 0 * 6 *0 
327993 Mineral Wool 3 * 0 * 3 * 0 

331 Primary Metals 159 37 0 1 72 1 129 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 113 22 0 * 44 * 129 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 4 2 0 * 2 * * 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 20 5 0 * 15 * 0 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 1 * 0 * * * 0 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 9 2 0 * 7 * 0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 5 1 0 * 4 * 0 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 14 5 0 * 7 * 0 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 1 * 0 0 * * 0 

3315 Foundries 8 3 0 *4 ** 

331511 Iron Foundries 3 2 0 * 1 * * 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 1 * 0 0 1 * 0 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 1 * 0 * * * 0 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 47 21 0 * 24 Q 0 

333 Machinery 15 8 * * 6 1 * 334 Computer and Electronic Products 24 15 * * 8 * 0 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 6 3 * * 2 *0 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 12 5 0 * 7 * 0 

336 Transportation Equipment 34 Q * * 17 * 0 

336111 Automobiles * * 0 0 * 0 0 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles * * 0 0 * 0 0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 9 3 * * 6 *0 

336411 Aircraft 1 1 0 * 1 *0 

337 Furniture and Related Products 5 2 0 * 2 * 0 

339 Miscellaneous 17 7 0 * 9 * 0 

Total 1,223 250 4 16 515 9 148 

Midwest Census Region

311 Food 487 113 * 2 306 1 42 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 189 36 * 1 117 * 18 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 100 19 0 1 57 * 10 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 36 2 * * 8 * 24 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 33 12 0 * 20 * 0 

3115 Dairy Product 48 15 * * 32 * 0 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 89 26 * 1 61 * 0 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 29 5 * * 12 * 0 

3121 Beverages 29 5 * * 12 * 0 

3122 Tobacco * * 0 0* 00 

313 Textile Mills 2 1 0 * 1 *0 

314 Textile Product Mills 1 * 0 0 * 0 0 

315 Apparel * * 0 0* 00 316 Leather and Allied Products 1 * 0 * 1 * 0 

321 Wood Products 39 10 * Q 10 1 0 

321113 Sawmills 6 2 * * 1 *0 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 12 3 0 * 4 * 0 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 8 2 0 * 3 * 0 

3219 Other Wood Products 19 6 0 Q 5 * 0 

322 Paper 274 46 * * 111 1 13 

322110 Pulp Mills 2 1 0 * 1 *0 322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 172 18 * * 54 * 12 322122 Newsprint Mills 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
322130 Paperboard Mills 54 9 * * 29 * 1 

323 Printing and Related Support 26 13 0 * 13 * 0 324 Petroleum and Coal Products 792 36 * 3 136 5 115 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 484 33 0 1 117 5 0 324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 126 1 * 2 10 * 0 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials D 1 * * 4 * 0 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 3 1 0 * 2 * 0 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products D * 0 * 2 * 115 

325 Chemicals 993 131 D 1 643 98 D 

325110 Petrochemicals * * 0 * * * 0 

325120 Industrial Gases 26 22 0 0 6 * 0 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 48 13 D * 22 * 0 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 416 33 0 * 327 * 44 325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 7 1 0 * 2 *1 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 72 14 0 * 41 D Q 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins D D 0 * 33 D D 325212 Synthetic Rubber 2 1 0 * 1 * 0 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 1 * 0 0 * * 0 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 142 6 0 * D * 0 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers * * 0 * * * 0 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 35 11 0 * 21 * * 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 24 7 0 * 14 * * 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals * * 0 * * * 0 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 110 74 0 * 36 1 0 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 238 39 0 5 90 * 58 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 9 1 0 * 8 * 1 

327211 Flat Glass 16 2 0 * 14 * 0 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 10 2 0 * 8 * 0 

327213 Glass Containers 15 3 0 * 12 * 0 

327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 9 6 0 * 3 *0 

327310 Cements 76 11 0 * 6 * 30 327410 Lime 46 2 0 * 10 * 27 327420 Gypsum 10 1 0 * 9 * 0 327993 Mineral Wool 13 4 0 * 8 * 0 

331 Primary Metals 846 142 * D 352 2 D 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 675 68 * D 270 * D 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 22 8 0 * 14 * 1 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 62 29 0 * 29 * 0 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 9 1 0 * 8 * 0 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 19 5 0 * 13 * 0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 8 2 0 * 5 * 0 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 28 14 0 * 12 1 0 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 12 8 0 * 3 * 0 

3315 Foundries 59 22 * * 28 * * 

331511 Iron Foundries 28 11 0 * 8 * * 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 14 5 * * 9 * 0 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 5 2 0 * 4 * 0 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 124 63 0 Q 58 1 0 

333 Machinery 73 33 0 1 36 2 0 334 Computer and Electronic Products 15 11 0 * 4 * 0 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 5 4 0 * 1 *0 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 27 13 * * 13 1 0 
336 Transportation Equipment 184 85 0 D 91 D 0 

336111 Automobiles 21 7 0 * 13 * 0 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 25 8 0 * 16 * 0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 18 8 0 * 8 * 0 

336411 Aircraft 4 2 0 * 2 *0 

337 Furniture and Related Products 18 6 0 * 9 * 0 

339 Miscellaneous 22 11 0 * 10 * * 

Total 4,300 834 D 22 1,931 D 388 

South Census Region

311 Food 308 80 * 3 163 2 1 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 44 10 * * 25 * * 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 9 1 0 * 2 * * 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 48 1 * * 10 * * 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 23 6 0 * 16 * 0 

3115 Dairy Product 19 8 0 * 10 * 0 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 111 33 0 2 61 1 0 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 52 26 * * 24 * * 

3121 Beverages 46 24 0 * 20 * * 

3122 Tobacco 6 3 * * 4 *0 

313 Textile Mills 53 33 * * 16 Q 1 

314 Textile Product Mills 17 8 0 * 9 * 0 

315 Apparel 3 2 0 * 1 *0 

316 Leather and Allied Products * * 0 0 * * 0 

321 Wood Products 217 43 * 4 40 1 0 

321113 Sawmills 101 19 * 2 14 * 0 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 70 14 * * 19 * 0 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 42 9 * * 13 * 0 

3219 Other Wood Products 41 9 0 1 6 1 0 

322 Paper 1,413 84 4 3 331 1 33 

322110 Pulp Mills D 3 2 1 35 * * 322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 352 25 1 1 93 * 20 322122 Newsprint Mills 23 7 0 * 4 * 0 322130 Paperboard Mills 743 34 1 1 175 * 13 

323 Printing and Related Support 21 13 0 * 7 * 0 324 Petroleum and Coal Products 2,224 103 * D 645 D 43 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 1,913 96 0 D 603 D 0 324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 172 2 * 3 15 1 * 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 114 2 0 * 6 * 0 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 22 4 0 * 18 * 0 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 4 ‐1 0 * 3 * 43 

325 Chemicals 5,806 290 D 8 2,383 2,740 D 

325110 Petrochemicals 1,460 24 0 1 307 1,204 0 

325120 Industrial Gases 214 D 0 * D * 0 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 429 72 D * 217 55 * 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 15 1 0 * 14 * 0 325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 220 9 0 * 114 78 2 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 1,228 43 * Q 506 D 36 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins 1,521 D 0 D 420 D D 325212 Synthetic Rubber 35 4 0 * 18 3 2 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 32 9 0 * 23 * * 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 459 10 0 * 449 * 0 
325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers D D * D D * D 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 39 11 0 * 14 * 0 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 25 6 0 * 6 * 0 325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 2 1 0 * 1 * 0 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 102 66 * Q 33 2 0 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 342 56 * 5 157 1 73 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 30 4 0 * 24 * 0 

327211 Flat Glass 21 2 0 * 17 * * 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 15 4 0 * 10 * 0 

327213 Glass Containers 19 4 0 * 15 * 0 

327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 8 5 0 * 3 *0 

327310 Cements 132 18 0 1 27 * 48 

327410 Lime 40 2 0 1 5 * 25 

327420 Gypsum 31 3 0 * 28 * 0 327993 Mineral Wool 13 4 0 * 9 * * 

331 Primary Metals 417 165 0 D 215 1 D 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 231 89 0 D 122 * D 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 25 13 0 * 9 * 0 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 108 39 0 * 64 * 0 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 10 1 0 * 9 * 0 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 40 10 0 * 30 * 0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 9 2 0 * 7 * 0 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 34 15 0 * 11 * 4 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 17 10 0 * 1 * 4 

3315 Foundries 19 8 0 * 9 * * 

331511 Iron Foundries 8 5 0 * 2 * 0 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 5 1 0 * 4 * 0 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 2 1 0 * 1 * 0 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 59 25 0 * 32 1 * 

333 Machinery 52 36 0 Q 16 * 0 334 Computer and Electronic Products 33 24 0 * 9 * 0 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 18 14 0 * 4 * 0 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 39 15 0 * 15 * 0 

336 Transportation Equipment 105 57 2 D 41 D 0 

336111 Automobiles 12 6 0 * 5 * 0 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 16 7 0 * 9 * 0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 18 12 0 * 5 * 0 

336411 Aircraft 7 5 0 * 1 *0 

337 Furniture and Related Products 12 6 0 * 4 * * 

339 Miscellaneous 17 10 0 * 6 Q 0 

Total 11,292 1,143 D D 4,147 2,756 230 

West Census Region

311 Food 286 94 0 6 157 2 5 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 10 3 0 * 7 * 0 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 2 * 0 * 2 * 0 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 21 1 0 * 13 * 5 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 62 12 0 * 48 * 0 

3115 Dairy Product 40 11 0 * 27 1 0 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing Q Q 0 * 21 * 0 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 24 12 0 * 11 1 0 

3121 Beverages 24 12 0 * 11 1 0 
3122 Tobacco * * 0 0 0 00 

313 Textile Mills 2 1 0 0 1 *0 

314 Textile Product Mills Q 1 0 0 Q * 0 

315 Apparel * * 0 0 * *0 

316 Leather and Allied Products * * 0 0 * * 0 

321 Wood Products 80 12 * 2 13 1 0 

321113 Sawmills 46 2 0 1 3 * 0 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 27 6 0 * 7 * 0 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 10 3 0 * 3 * 0 

3219 Other Wood Products 6 3 0 * 2 * 0 

322 Paper 160 28 1 * 54 * 0 

322110 Pulp Mills 7 * * 0 0 00 322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 54 7 0 * 28 * 0 322122 Newsprint Mills 11 10 0 * 1 * 0 322130 Paperboard Mills 76 7 1 * 17 * 0 

323 Printing and Related Support 4 3 0 * 1 * 0 324 Petroleum and Coal Products 965 30 3 D 256 D 0 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 842 29 2 D 244 D 0 324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 86 1 * * 8 Q 0 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials D * 0 * 2 * 0 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 1 * 0 0 1 * 0 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products D * 0 * * * 0 

325 Chemicals 170 41 0 * 92 * 33 

325110 Petrochemicals 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

325120 Industrial Gases 39 D 0 0 D * 0 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 66 11 0 * 19 * 33 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 14 1 0 * 12 * 0 325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 3 * 0 *2 ** 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 7 3 0 * 4 * 0 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins 2 1 0 * 1 * 0 325212 Synthetic Rubber * * 0 0 * * 0 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments * * 0 0 * * 0 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 13 2 0 * 11 * 0 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers D D 0 * D * 0 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 9 5 0 * 4 * 0 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 5 3 0 * 2 * 0 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 2 1 0 * 1 * 0 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 17 11 0 * Q * 0 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 179 21 0 6 51 Q 53 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 2 * 0 * 2 * 0 

327211 Flat Glass 6 1 0 * 5 *0 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 1 * 0 * 1 *0 

327213 Glass Containers 12 3 0 * 9 * 0 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 2 1 0 * 1 *0 327310 Cements 64 8 0 * 10 * 25 327410 Lime 14 1 0 * * * 9 327420 Gypsum 11 1 0 Q 10 * 0 327993 Mineral Wool 4 2 0 * 2 * 0 

331 Primary Metals 89 41 0 * 43 * 1 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 29 11 0 * 17 * 1 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 1 1 0 * * * 0 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 27 16 0 * 9 * 0 
331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 2 1 0 * 1 * 0 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 5 2 0 * 4 * 0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 3 1 0 * 2 * 0 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 24 11 0 * 13 * 0 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 19 8 0 * 11 * 0 

3315 Foundries 8 3 0 * 4 *0 

331511 Iron Foundries 2 * 0 * 1 * 0 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 2 1 0 * 1 * 0 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 1 * 0 * 1 * 0 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 27 15 0 * 11 * 0 

333 Machinery 9 4 0 * 4 *0 

334 Computer and Electronic Products 39 27 0 * 12 * 0 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 25 18 0 * 7 * 0 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 7 5 0 * Q * 0 

336 Transportation Equipment 26 14 0 * 11 * 0 

336111 Automobiles 1 1 0 * * * 0 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles * * 0 0 * * 0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 20 10 0 * 9 * 0 

336411 Aircraft 5 2 0 * 2 *0 

337 Furniture and Related Products 3 2 0 0 1 * 0 

339 Miscellaneous 5 3 0 * 1 * 0 

Total 2,092 365 4 D 727 D 91 

(a) The Bureau of the Census classifies establishments using the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

(b) Total is the sum of all of the listed energy sources, including Other, minus the Shipments of Energy Sources Produced Onsite. It is the total amount of first use of energy for all (fue

(c) Net Electricity is obtained by summing purchases, transfers in, and generation from noncombustible renewable resources, minus quantities sold and transferred out. It does not 

onsite cogeneration or generation from combustible fuels because that energy has already been included as generating fuel (for example, coal).

(d) Distillate Fuel Oil includes Nos. 1, 2, and 4 fuel oils and Nos. 1, 2, and 4 diesel fuels.

(e) Natural Gas includes natural gas obtained from utilities, local distribution companies, and any other supplier(s), such as independent gas producers, gas brokers, marketers, and 

utilities.

(f) Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids (HGL) include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, ethane‐propane mixtures, propane‐butane mixtures, and isobutane prod

processing plants, including plants that fractionate raw Natural Gas Liquids (NGL).

(g) Other includes net steam (the sum of purchases, generation from renewables, and net transfers), and other energy that respondents indicated was used to produce heat and pow

inputs. See also Footnote i.

(h) Shipments of Energy Sources Produced Onsite are those shipments produced or transformed onsite from the nonfuel use of other energy sources. For example, at an establishm

coke for later use, the entire quantity of coal is counted as first use. Any onsite consumption of coke is not counted as first use because it would duplicate the coal use. If some of the c

establishment, that second establishment will consider this coke to be a shipment of an offsite‐produced energy source. Hence, the second establishment will count this coke as its fir

double counting. In order to eliminate the double counting, the energy equivalent of the coke shipment must be subtracted from first use.

(i) Previously, the Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) had accounted for energy consumed in petroleum refineries by measuring their own fuel use, assuming shipm

be counted in the industries that use them, and assigning the heat equivalent of the nonfuel products to the petroleum refinery (for a more detailed explanation see, Feedstock and Of

Refineries). Starting with the 2014 MECS, however, EIA began collecting asphalt and petrochemical feedstock data from establishments that use those nonfuel products. These data ar

However, other Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products (i.e. lubricants, solvents, waxes, and special naphthas) from refineries, and used elsewhere throughout the manufacturing sector as en

MECS. An estimate of the Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products used in manufacturing was derived using EIA's U.S. Product Supplied for Crude Oil and Petroleum Products data.

* Estimate less than 0.5.D=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.

Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error (RSE) is greater than 50 percent.

NA=Not available.

Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. The derived estimates presented in this table are for the first use (formerly primary consumptio

and as feedstocks or raw material inputs. First use is defined as the consumption of the energy that was originally produced offsite or was produced onsite from input materials not cl

the latter are hydrogen produced from the electrolysis of brine; the output of captive (onsite) mines or wells; wood chips, bark, and wood waste from wood purchased as a raw mater

such as wastepaper and packing materials. First use excludes quantities of energy that are produced from other energy inputs and, therefore, avoids double counting.

Sources: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Demand and Integrated Statistics, Form EIA‐846, 2018 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey, and Office of E

Delivery, Form EIA‐810, Monthly Refinery Report for 2018.The Census Bureau has reviewed this data product for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and has approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied (Approval ID: CB

Released: February 2021

Next MECS will be fielded in 2022.

RSE Table 1.2 Relative Standard Errors for Table 1.2;

Unit: Percents.

NAICS Net Residual Distillate Natural HGL (excluding Code(a) Subsector and Industry Total(b) Electricity(c) Fuel Oil Fuel Oil(d) Gas(e) natural gasoline)(f) 

Total United States

311 Food 5.1 11.4 2.2 27.5 4.5 18.2 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 2.4 1.9 15.8 6.8 3.5 15.0 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 3.2 6.1 0.0 7.0 3.2 5.8 

3115 Dairy Product 2.4 3.3 28.5 32.4 2.4 12.9 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 14.8 31.0 0.0 13.3 6.1 22.0 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 12.0 15.5 0.0 29.3 8.5 11.2 

3121 Beverages 12.8 16.3 0.0 31.3 9.2 12.8 3122 Tobacco 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

313 Textile Mills 6.4 6.1 78.4 24.0 12.7 25.0 

314 Textile Product Mills 9.7 7.9 X 28.1 13.5 29.1 

315 Apparel 10.0 11.3 X 51.8 14.0 42.2 316 Leather and Allied Products 7.7 5.1 X 4.0 11.5 31.1 

321 Wood Products 4.0 3.0 0.5 29.8 10.1 6.0 

321113 Sawmills 5.2 7.0 7.7 3.6 36.2 8.6 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 1.0 1.2 0.0 3.2 1.2 3.1 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 0.5 1.5 0.0 2.6 0.9 5.9 

3219 Other Wood Products 16.2 5.7 85.9 65.7 14.7 15.0 

322 Paper 0.4 1.4 0.0 0.7 1.0 11.0 

322110 Pulp Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

322122 Newsprint Mills 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

322130 Paperboard Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

323 Printing and Related Support 7.7 7.8 50.9 43.0 9.9 20.7 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 0.5 0.5 8.9 8.7 0.4 5.6 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 4.6 8.7 29.3 14.9 3.8 35.8 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 1.5 1.7 0.0 0.9 1.1 2.6 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 18.0 19.1 X 60.7 21.2 40.2 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325 Chemicals 1.3 1.5 0.1 28.8 2.0 1.4 

325110 Petrochemicals 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325120 Industrial Gases 5.4 3.8 X 0.0 6.4 70.2 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 6.4 2.0 0.1 3.0 13.8 0.1 
325193 Ethyl Alcohol 1.2 1.9 X 2.8 1.5 1.6 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 4.6 5.9 0.0 58.8 5.8 5.8 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins 2.1 3.4 X D 1.0 D 

325212 Synthetic Rubber 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 4.0 12.5 X 2.7 D 37.4 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 0.0 D 0.0 D 0.0 0.0 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 5.9 2.9 X 2.4 5.1 25.5 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 9.6 1.7 X 2.9 9.5 30.1 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.4 1.5 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 7.7 7.7 72.4 73.7 14.1 17.3 327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 3.5 2.5 97.3 16.7 1.7 27.4 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 2.0 3.6 X 2.2 2.2 5.5 327211 Flat Glass 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 0.6 0.8 X 0.7 0.7 27.3 

327213 Glass Containers 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 0.9 1.4 X 26.0 1.0 1.9 

327310 Cements 0.4 0.3 X 0.3 1.2 1.1 

327410 Lime 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

327420 Gypsum 1.0 2.0 X 47.3 0.5 1.4 

327993 Mineral Wool 0.7 0.4 X 0.1 1.0 6.1 

331 Primary Metals 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.9 0.2 2.2 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 9.4 17.6 X 11.1 3.8 15.4 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 0.2 0.1 X 0.7 0.4 1.0 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 2.1 1.5 X 2.8 2.3 1.1 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 0.6 1.2 X 0.3 0.4 2.3 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 1.0 0.9 X 5.2 1.3 2.0 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 0.7 0.6 X 0.2 1.2 3.1 

3315 Foundries 0.9 0.9 89.7 1.6 0.9 1.7 

331511 Iron Foundries 1.7 1.5 X 0.8 1.9 4.2 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 1.3 1.2 89.7 5.6 1.6 1.4 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 0.9 1.1 X 1.4 1.2 2.9 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 11.3 10.0 X 58.9 16.0 19.1 

333 Machinery 11.9 17.2 99.0 29.7 12.9 26.6 334 Computer and Electronic Products 7.2 6.7 0.0 57.2 11.4 48.0 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 3.3 3.3 0.0 1.2 3.7 13.2 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 10.2 8.8 47.2 23.6 15.1 24.5 

336 Transportation Equipment 7.9 9.2 10.2 26.3 8.4 12.5 

336111 Automobiles 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 2.9 4.2 0.0 3.9 2.6 10.3 

336411 Aircraft 5.6 10.0 X 8.0 1.6 52.7 

337 Furniture and Related Products 11.3 8.6 X 60.4 12.4 24.6 
339 Miscellaneous 12.2 11.1 X 59.5 17.5 44.9 

Subtotal 0.7 1.8 0.6 8.0 1.1 1.4 Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products(i) 0 X X X X X 

Total 0.7 1.8 0.6 8.0 1.1 1.4 

Northeast Census Region

311 Food 10.1 11.7 0.0 88.2 9.8 15.3 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 2.3 5.2 X 71.1 0.9 0.0 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 0.0 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 10.5 6.5 0.0 16.0 13.5 14.9 

3115 Dairy Product 5.1 4.8 0.0 14.6 6.5 10.2 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 2.5 3.0 X 2.3 2.2 35.1 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 5.0 7.1 0.0 50.3 4.3 28.1 

3121 Beverages 5.3 7.2 0.0 50.9 4.7 28.3 3122 Tobacco 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

313 Textile Mills 8.5 6.2 X 59.3 13.1 3.7 

314 Textile Product Mills 31.0 32.0 X 62.8 41.4 54.9 

315 Apparel 27.8 30.5 X X 36.6 68.3 316 Leather and Allied Products 11.0 8.7 X 2.4 15.1 9.1 

321 Wood Products 8.3 8.5 0.4 16.9 18.6 7.3 

321113 Sawmills 1.2 1.9 0.0 4.0 9.7 7.1 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 0.1 1.4 0.0 7.1 1.2 9.3 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3219 Other Wood Products 33.5 15.4 85.9 44.2 33.2 44.2 

322 Paper 2.3 9.0 0.0 8.0 4.4 29.9 

322110 Pulp Mills D 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

322122 Newsprint Mills X X X X X X 

322130 Paperboard Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

323 Printing and Related Support 21.1 21.9 50.9 53.9 28.9 61.4 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 1.9 0.6 3.5 15.5 1.2 1.2 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 5.6 5.9 3.7 17.0 5.7 5.0 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 1.2 3.8 X 25.5 1.6 2.2 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325 Chemicals 7.8 4.4 0.0 3.0 10.6 18.3 

325110 Petrochemicals 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325120 Industrial Gases 9.3 11.4 X X 32.4 85.5 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 8.6 1.8 X 5.1 17.7 16.7 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 X 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 0.2 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.3 19.5 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins D 1.9 X 55.5 2.4 8.1 

325212 Synthetic Rubber 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 
325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 X 0.0 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 1.3 2.8 X 3.6 1.2 46.2 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 2.3 4.0 X 3.8 1.7 50.1 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 30.8 32.0 X 87.7 45.9 63.8 327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 7.2 14.7 X 47.5 3.1 30.3 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 3.5 4.1 X 0.1 5.9 8.2 327211 Flat Glass 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 0.0 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 1.5 1.6 X 2.7 1.8 65.7 

327213 Glass Containers 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 0.7 1.3 X 53.7 0.8 2.9 

327310 Cements 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

327410 Lime 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 X 

327420 Gypsum 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

327993 Mineral Wool 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

331 Primary Metals 0.2 0.6 X 0.4 0.3 5.5 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 6.0 7.9 X 6.6 2.5 38.7 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 1.7 2.9 X 0.0 2.2 12.4 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 0.0 

3315 Foundries 1.8 2.1 X 5.4 1.8 2.6 

331511 Iron Foundries 1.4 1.1 X 2.1 1.4 1.0 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 5.9 12.4 X X 3.2 1.2 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 1.7 3.1 X 6.3 1.2 6.6 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 33.9 26.9 X 91.6 46.8 52.8 

333 Machinery 19.6 21.1 99.0 54.9 24.9 37.3 334 Computer and Electronic Products 13.4 12.3 0.0 67.0 18.8 51.8 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 2.4 2.2 0.0 0.6 2.3 0.0 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 29.7 25.1 X 42.8 38.2 41.9 

336 Transportation Equipment 36.9 53.8 60.3 22.6 23.8 12.4 

336111 Automobiles 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 X 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 X 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 1.9 5.2 0.0 0.1 1.1 2.3 

336411 Aircraft 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

337 Furniture and Related Products 25.9 25.0 X 98.9 36.2 53.4 

339 Miscellaneous 35.6 36.7 X 67.3 41.5 55.9 

Total 2.5 5.2 5.3 28.3 3.8 8.7 

Midwest Census Region

311 Food 4.7 4.2 5.7 11.1 6.5 30.7 
3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 3.0 1.9 48.4 7.3 4.5 22.0 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 9.5 15.6 X 15.4 9.4 7.4 

3115 Dairy Product 3.7 4.5 67.2 20.5 4.0 50.2 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 6.5 3.5 0.0 28.7 8.9 16.6 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 38.3 4.7 0.0 6.2 6.2 26.7 

3121 Beverages 38.3 4.7 0.0 6.2 6.2 26.7 3122 Tobacco 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 X 

313 Textile Mills 10.0 12.7 X 94.8 13.1 33.0 

314 Textile Product Mills 46.2 41.4 X X 57.4 X 

315 Apparel 41.5 40.9 X X 61.2 X 316 Leather and Allied Products 12.6 7.8 X 28.3 17.2 48.1 

321 Wood Products 10.9 6.9 86.3 79.6 6.2 18.6 

321113 Sawmills 3.3 9.7 86.3 6.2 4.7 20.8 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 9.8 1.1 X 2.1 2.2 10.5 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 0.4 0.8 X 0.0 0.5 7.2 

3219 Other Wood Products 21.5 11.6 X 95.8 12.0 25.5 

322 Paper 2.1 4.6 0.0 0.5 3.9 21.7 

322110 Pulp Mills 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

322122 Newsprint Mills X X X X X X 

322130 Paperboard Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

323 Printing and Related Support 12.7 12.5 X 18.7 14.4 35.9 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 1.5 0.1 0.0 2.8 0.3 1.2 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 9.5 2.6 0.0 4.0 3.8 30.3 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials D 3.4 0.0 0.0 1.3 1.8 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 3.3 3.6 X 0.2 3.8 9.3 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products D 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325 Chemicals 3.1 2.6 D 4.4 4.2 0.6 

325110 Petrochemicals 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325120 Industrial Gases 3.5 3.2 X X 9.0 25.8 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 1.1 0.7 D 6.9 2.0 4.6 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 1.3 2.1 X 2.9 1.6 1.7 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 12.7 5.5 X 10.0 20.4 D 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins D D X 10.9 6.1 D 

325212 Synthetic Rubber 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 0.0 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 0.1 0.1 X 2.5 D 39.4 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 10.6 8.4 X 13.5 15.0 37.8 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 12.5 1.9 X 15.9 20.1 40.1 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 13.6 12.8 X 59.1 23.7 25.8 
327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 1.9 4.0 X 38.3 2.6 32.7 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 2.9 3.6 X 5.0 3.4 13.8 

327211 Flat Glass 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 0.9 0.9 X 0.8 1.0 8.0 

327213 Glass Containers 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 1.9 2.6 X 0.5 2.5 8.2 

327310 Cements 0.1 0.1 X 0.1 0.1 0.0 

327410 Lime 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

327420 Gypsum 0.3 2.2 X 0.0 0.2 1.5 

327993 Mineral Wool 0.5 0.7 X 0.0 0.5 3.2 

331 Primary Metals 0.1 0.2 0.3 D 0.2 2.1 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 0.0 0.0 0.0 D 0.0 0.0 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 2.6 1.8 X 5.3 3.7 17.8 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 0.4 0.2 X 1.1 0.8 3.8 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 2.6 3.3 X 2.6 2.7 6.8 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 1.7 2.5 X 0.4 1.2 4.6 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 1.6 0.9 X 13.0 3.1 0.7 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3315 Foundries 1.3 1.3 89.7 1.4 1.4 2.1 

331511 Iron Foundries 2.4 2.2 X 1.3 2.9 5.6 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 2.0 1.5 89.7 7.0 2.4 2.5 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 1.3 1.5 X 0.0 1.7 0.8 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 15.7 15.6 X 77.8 21.4 21.4 

333 Machinery 14.2 13.9 X 35.1 17.9 41.2 334 Computer and Electronic Products 15.2 16.0 X 17.8 22.7 87.3 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 11.6 11.5 X 6.6 12.2 53.0 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 26.2 21.7 47.2 44.6 35.2 33.4 

336 Transportation Equipment 12.9 15.4 X D 13.0 D 

336111 Automobiles 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 2.0 2.5 X 0.0 2.4 31.5 

336411 Aircraft 1.6 1.6 X 0.0 1.3 81.1 

337 Furniture and Related Products 19.6 15.5 X 88.7 16.5 31.9 

339 Miscellaneous 15.1 15.4 X 29.1 19.9 72.8 

Total 1.3 2.5 D 18.8 2.1 D 

South Census Region

311 Food 4.9 5.8 1.4 14.2 6.2 17.7 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 2.6 6.1 16.7 1.6 1.9 35.1 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 4.4 5.6 X 3.7 4.9 17.6 

3115 Dairy Product 10.1 12.5 X 53.5 9.2 0.4 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 6.0 4.2 X 17.6 4.7 28.7 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 17.0 28.4 0.0 5.4 18.7 10.0 
3121 Beverages 19.3 31.5 X 6.9 22.1 17.1 

3122 Tobacco 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

313 Textile Mills 7.6 6.7 78.4 25.5 17.2 50.3 

314 Textile Product Mills 11.5 9.4 X 31.5 15.6 34.0 

315 Apparel 12.4 15.6 X 51.8 11.8 45.0 316 Leather and Allied Products 9.8 12.6 X X 4.8 45.9 

321 Wood Products 6.6 4.6 2.4 7.8 17.0 15.5 

321113 Sawmills 8.3 8.8 83.8 6.9 46.5 19.3 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 0.8 1.7 0.0 3.4 1.4 3.3 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 1.0 2.3 0.0 4.8 1.5 9.3 

3219 Other Wood Products 28.1 11.0 X 27.2 34.1 27.8 

322 Paper 0.4 2.6 0.0 0.1 1.2 14.2 

322110 Pulp Mills D 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

322122 Newsprint Mills 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

322130 Paperboard Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

323 Printing and Related Support 15.3 16.0 X 46.1 19.7 26.0 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 0.7 0.9 20.3 D 0.7 D 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 0.0 0.0 X D 0.0 D 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 8.4 20.4 20.3 34.1 9.7 34.5 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 3.2 2.8 X 1.2 2.3 7.7 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 21.5 23.6 X 72.2 24.9 42.7 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325 Chemicals 1.5 2.3 D 34.2 2.4 1.5 

325110 Petrochemicals 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325120 Industrial Gases 7.3 D X 0.0 D 65.1 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 8.2 2.9 D 4.7 16.8 0.1 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 5.1 8.6 0.0 61.0 6.7 D 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins 2.3 D X D 1.0 D 

325212 Synthetic Rubber 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 5.3 22.4 X 5.7 4.9 52.1 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers D D 0.0 D D 0.0 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 14.7 2.0 X 0.6 2.0 1.4 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 22.4 2.5 X 1.0 3.8 2.0 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 0.9 0.9 X 7.0 1.4 1.6 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 14.5 15.0 72.4 79.8 21.8 22.7 327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 1.4 2.7 97.3 20.9 2.1 28.5 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 2.9 5.3 X 3.1 3.0 7.2 327211 Flat Glass 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 0.9 1.0 X 0.0 1.2 33.2 

327213 Glass Containers 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 1.2 1.8 X 33.6 0.9 1.7 

327310 Cements 0.8 0.7 X 0.0 2.6 0.0 
327410 Lime 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

327420 Gypsum 1.0 3.3 X 1.7 0.9 2.2 

327993 Mineral Wool 0.3 0.7 X 0.1 0.2 11.9 

331 Primary Metals 1.2 2.5 X D 0.4 6.8 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 0.0 0.0 X D 0.0 0.0 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 19.7 30.7 X 20.0 9.0 42.7 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 0.4 0.1 X 1.3 0.6 0.9 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 3.9 2.5 X 6.3 4.2 1.0 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 0.5 1.4 X 1.3 0.4 2.7 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 2.0 1.6 X 0.0 2.3 8.9 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3315 Foundries 0.9 1.4 X 3.4 0.8 4.2 

331511 Iron Foundries 1.6 2.3 X 1.5 1.4 7.6 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 1.4 1.3 X 0.0 1.6 1.9 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 0.7 2.2 X 0.0 0.1 20.9 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 26.1 21.4 X 46.7 34.7 38.4 

333 Machinery 28.3 37.3 X 75.6 29.2 41.2 334 Computer and Electronic Products 21.0 19.2 X 2.0 33.9 40.2 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 2.3 2.9 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 13.3 13.7 X 36.9 16.9 28.3 

336 Transportation Equipment 10.4 9.4 3.5 D 15.5 D 

336111 Automobiles 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 10.4 11.3 X 26.2 14.0 5.2 

336411 Aircraft 13.3 19.9 X 0.0 5.4 26.1 

337 Furniture and Related Products 20.0 16.9 X 42.9 30.3 24.7 

339 Miscellaneous 20.8 18.2 X 56.7 33.4 67.6 

Total 0.9 2.0 D D 1.5 1.5 

West Census Region

311 Food 18.5 37.2 X 28.3 13.2 44.8 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 4.6 7.5 X 0.0 6.1 43.1 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 3.5 5.0 X 17.5 3.8 7.4 

3115 Dairy Product 2.5 2.9 X 35.2 2.7 27.1 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 60.3 73.8 X 10.8 32.4 59.3 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 6.2 10.3 X 25.4 5.5 20.7 

3121 Beverages 6.2 10.3 X 25.4 5.5 20.7 3122 Tobacco 0.0 0.0 X X X X 

313 Textile Mills 9.8 15.7 X X 12.5 73.6 

314 Textile Product Mills 50.3 42.1 X X 57.0 92.2 

315 Apparel 23.1 25.5 X X 31.1 32.2 316 Leather and Allied Products 7.9 7.6 X X 10.6 33.4 

321 Wood Products 1.3 4.7 0.0 3.4 4.4 10.7 
321113 Sawmills 0.5 6.2 X 1.5 1.4 18.5 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 1.2 2.7 X 6.7 3.2 6.1 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 0.3 1.0 X 0.0 0.1 7.7 

3219 Other Wood Products 14.5 15.0 X 27.4 20.8 25.1 

322 Paper 1.3 3.6 0.0 4.4 2.5 26.4 

322110 Pulp Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X X 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

322122 Newsprint Mills 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

322130 Paperboard Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

323 Printing and Related Support 23.2 23.8 X 99.0 31.4 44.5 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 1.0 0.3 10.6 D 0.1 D 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 0.0 0.0 0.0 D 0.0 D 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 11.1 10.4 58.9 9.8 4.2 53.8 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials D 3.1 X 19.9 0.5 1.5 324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 0.0 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products D 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325 Chemicals 1.9 4.7 X 1.5 1.1 39.1 

325110 Petrochemicals X X X X X X 

325120 Industrial Gases 1.6 D X X D 95.1 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 3.0 1.3 X 2.2 2.6 12.3 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 3.6 4.2 X 4.3 4.0 13.2 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins 1.5 0.8 X 15.9 2.9 4.7 

325212 Synthetic Rubber 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 0.0 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 0.0 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 6.9 8.6 X 14.5 6.2 37.8 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers D D X 0.0 D 0.0 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 6.3 6.5 X 15.0 6.9 41.8 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 9.2 8.3 X 17.9 11.9 46.1 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 0.1 0.1 X 0.0 0.1 0.0 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 32.1 32.6 X 99.0 62.0 40.8 327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 16.2 8.9 X 31.9 8.7 65.5 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 1.3 2.0 X 2.8 1.3 3.9 327211 Flat Glass 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 2.7 11.1 X 84.4 2.1 12.0 

327213 Glass Containers 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 1.8 1.8 X 0.0 2.8 4.2 

327310 Cements 0.4 0.7 X 1.7 0.2 23.8 

327410 Lime 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

327420 Gypsum 4.6 2.5 X 78.4 0.1 0.1 

327993 Mineral Wool 5.3 1.3 X 0.0 8.3 4.1 

331 Primary Metals 0.6 0.6 X 3.7 0.8 3.6 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 6.6 7.8 X 1.9 15.9 1.5 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 0.3 0.2 X 0.0 0.4 3.6 
331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 2.5 4.4 X 0.0 1.7 5.6 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 2.0 2.1 X 21.9 2.4 4.6 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 1.8 1.9 X 0.9 1.8 23.5 

3315 Foundries 1.4 1.8 X 5.3 1.6 11.7 

331511 Iron Foundries 0.7 0.5 X 0.0 0.3 47.9 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 3.1 1.3 X 0.0 4.1 9.8 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 5.0 2.5 X 64.2 6.5 0.4 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 30.0 27.9 X 70.3 37.4 43.0 

333 Machinery 31.1 23.7 X 73.8 47.4 58.1 334 Computer and Electronic Products 7.5 6.7 X 10.4 12.1 68.8 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 6.3 6.3 X 5.2 7.3 5.3 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 29.4 22.5 X 96.8 53.3 80.5 

336 Transportation Equipment 7.5 11.1 X 1.6 5.0 23.0 

336111 Automobiles 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0.0 0.0 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 0.0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 1.6 2.4 X 1.8 1.7 2.5 

336411 Aircraft 4.1 6.7 X 14.1 2.7 12.1 

337 Furniture and Related Products 28.4 26.7 X X 44.0 52.5 

339 Miscellaneous 22.7 23.5 X 74.5 32.6 48.6 

Total 3.0 9.8 6.7 D 3.0 D 

(a) The Bureau of the Census classifies establishments using the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).(b) Total is the sum of all of the listed energy sources, including Other, minus the Shipments of Energy Sources Produced Onsite. It is the total amount of first use of energy for all 

(c) Net Electricity is obtained by summing purchases, transfers in, and generation from noncombustible renewable resources, minus quantities sold and transferred out. It does n

cogeneration or generation from combustible fuels because that energy has already been included as generating fuel (for example, coal).

(d) Distillate Fuel Oil includes Nos. 1, 2, and 4 fuel oils and Nos. 1, 2, and 4 diesel fuels.

(e) Natural Gas includes natural gas obtained from utilities, local distribution companies, and any other supplier(s), such as independent gas producers, gas brokers, marketers, a

utilities.

(f) Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids (HGL) include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, ethane‐propane mixtures, propane‐butane mixtures, and isobutane p

processing plants, including plants that fractionate raw Natural Gas Liquids (NGL).

(g) Other includes net steam (the sum of purchases, generation from renewables, and net transfers), and other energy that respondents indicated was used to produce heat and 

inputs. See also Footnote i.

(h) Shipments of Energy Sources Produced Onsite are those shipments produced or transformed onsite from the nonfuel use of other energy sources. For example, at an establis

coke for later use, the entire quantity of coal is counted as first use. Any onsite consumption of coke is not counted as first use because it would duplicate the coal use. If some of t

establishment, that second establishment will consider this coke to be a shipment of an offsite‐produced energy source. Hence, the second establishment will count this coke as its 

counting. In order to eliminate the double counting, the energy equivalent of the coke shipment must be subtracted from first use.

(i) Previously, the Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) had accounted for energy consumed in petroleum refineries by measuring their own fuel use, assuming shi

counted in the industries that use them, and assigning the heat equivalent of the nonfuel products to the petroleum refinery (for a more detailed explanation see, Feedstock and O

Refineries). Starting with the 2014 MECS, however, EIA began collecting asphalt and petrochemical feedstock data from establishments that use those nonfuel products. These dat

However, other Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products (i.e. lubricants, solvents, waxes, and special naphthas) from refineries, and used elsewhere throughout the manufacturing sector a

MECS. An estimate of the Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products used in manufacturing was derived using EIA's U.S. Product Supplied for Crude Oil and Petroleum Products data.

* Estimate less than 0.5.

D=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.

Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error (RSE) is greater than 50 percent.

X=Not defined because RSE corresponds to a data table value of zero.

NA=Not available.Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. The derived estimates presented in this table are for the first use (formerly primary consump

fd k i l i Fi i d fi d h i f h h i i ll d d ff i d d i f i i l l 
as feedstocks or raw material inputs. First use is defined as the consumption of the energy that was originally produced offsite or was produced onsite from input materials not cla

latter are hydrogen produced from the electrolysis of brine; the output of captive (onsite) mines or wells; wood chips, bark, and wood waste from wood purchased as a raw mater

wastepaper and packing materials. First use excludes quantities of energy that are produced from other energy inputs and, therefore, avoids double counting.

Sources: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Demand and Integrated Statistics, Form EIA‐846, 2018 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey, and Office o

Delivery, Form EIA‐810, Monthly Refinery Report for 2018.

The Census Bureau has reviewed this data product for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and has approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied (Approval ID