Total....................................................................... 111.1 14.7 7.4 12.5 12.5 18.9 18.6 17.3 9.2

Number of Water Heaters

1......................................................................... 106.3 14.0 7.2 12.2 12.0 18.4 17.7 16.1 8.8

2 or More............................................................ 3.7 0.6 Q Q 0.3 0.3 0.7 1.1 0.4

Do Not Use Hot Water........................................ 1.1 QQQQQQQQ

Housing Units Served by Main Water Heater

One Housing Unit................................................ 99.7 12.7 6.4 11.4 10.8 16.3 17.0 16.5 8.8

Two or More Housing Units................................. 10.3 1.9 1.0 1.0 1.5 2.4 1.5 0.7 0.4

Do Not Use Hot Water........................................ 1.1 QQQQQQQQ

Main Water Heating Fuel

Electric................................................................ 43.1 4.0 1.4 3.8 4.1 8.6 8.6 8.5 4.0

For One Housing Unit...................................... 40.3 3.8 1.3 3.6 3.7 7.7 8.1 8.2 3.9

For Two or More Housing Units....................... 2.7 Q Q 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.4 Q

Natural Gas......................................................... 58.7 8.9 5.0 7.8 7.1 8.8 8.8 7.7 4.4

For One Housing Unit...................................... 52.5 7.7 4.4 7.2 6.3 7.5 7.9 7.3 4.1

For Two or More Housing Units....................... 6.2 1.2 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.3 0.9 0.4 0.3

Fuel Oil............................................................... 4.0 1.1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.3 Q

For One Housing Unit...................................... 3.0 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Q 0.3 Q

For Two or More Housing Units....................... 1.1 0.4 QQQQQNN

Propane/LPG...................................................... 4.0 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6

Other................................................................... 0.2 Q N N QQQQQ

Do Not Use Hot Water........................................ 1.1 QQQQQQQQ

Age of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Less than 2 Years........................................... 14.7 1.8 1.0 1.5 1.6 1.7 2.4 1.4 3.4

2 to 4 Years..................................................... 18.6 2.1 1.0 2.4 2.1 2.9 2.4 1.6 4.1

5 to 9 Years..................................................... 25.5 2.9 1.6 2.9 2.3 4.3 3.7 7.6 0.3

10 to 19 Years................................................. 20.1 2.6 1.5 2.1 2.3 2.9 4.4 4.4 Q

20 Years or More............................................. 6.8 1.1 0.5 1.3 0.9 1.5 1.4 Q N

Don't Know...................................................... 12.0 1.8 0.7 1.1 1.4 2.6 2.3 1.3 0.9

No Separate Water Heater.............................. 1.9 0.4 Q Q Q 0.5 0.4 Q Q

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Less than 2 Years........................................... 0.3 Q Q Q N Q N N N

2 to 4 Years..................................................... 0.5 QQQQQQNQ

5 to 9 Years..................................................... 0.5 Q N QQQQQN

10 to 19 Years................................................. 0.6 QQQQQQQN

20 Years or More............................................. 0.6 QQQQQQNN

Don't Know...................................................... 4.4 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.6 0.3 Q

No Separate Water Heater.............................. 3.4 0.5 Q 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.4 Q

Table HC5.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Year of Construction, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

2000 to 

2005

Year of Construction

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Before 

1940

1940 to 

1949

1950 to 

1959

1960 to 

Water Heating Characteristics 1969

1970 to 

1979

1980 to 

1989

1990 to 

1999

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Table HC5.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Year of Construction, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

2000 to 

2005

Year of Construction

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Before 

1940

1940 to 

1949

1950 to 

1959

1960 to 

Water Heating Characteristics 1969

1970 to 

1979

1980 to 

1989

1990 to 

1999

Size of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Small (30 gallons or less)................................ 17.1 2.2 1.3 1.8 2.0 3.2 3.1 2.5 1.0

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)............................... 52.4 6.9 3.6 6.7 5.9 8.3 8.8 8.5 3.7

Large (50 gallons or more).............................. 27.1 3.1 1.3 2.5 2.4 4.1 4.6 5.3 3.9

Tankless water heater..................................... 1.1 Q Q Q 0.3 QQQQ

No Separate Water Heater.............................. 1.9 0.4 Q Q Q 0.5 0.4 Q Q

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Small (30 gallons or less)................................ 1.4 0.4 Q Q Q 0.3 Q Q Q

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)............................... 2.4 0.5 Q 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.4 Q Q

Large (50 gallons or more).............................. 2.8 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.4 Q Q

Tankless water heater..................................... 0.2 Q Q N N Q N Q N

No Separate Water Heater.............................. 3.4 0.5 Q 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.4 Q

Other Water Heating

Hot Tubs or Spas.............................................. 6.7 0.6 Q 0.4 0.7 1.3 1.2 1.5 0.9

Electricity......................................................... 5.3 0.4 Q 0.4 0.6 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.6

Natural Gas..................................................... 1.2 Q N Q Q Q Q 0.3 0.3

Swimming Pools............................................... 1.9 Q Q Q Q 0.2 0.4 0.6 Q

Natural Gas..................................................... 1.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q 0.4 Q

Electricity......................................................... 0.4 N N N QQQQQ

Propane/LPG.................................................. 0.3 Q N QQQQQQ

Some Other Fuel............................................. Q Q NNNNNNN

Electric Water Beds.......................................... 2.2 Q Q 0.3 Q 0.4 0.4 0.4 Q

1...................................................................... 1.9 Q Q 0.3 Q 0.4 0.4 0.2 Q

2 or More......................................................... 0.3 N Q N QQQQN

Heaters Used all Year................................ 1.7 Q Q Q Q 0.3 0.3 0.4 Q

1............................................................... 1.5 Q Q Q Q 0.3 0.3 0.2 Q

2 or More................................................. 0.3 N Q N QQQQN

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables