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- 035 NOT PRECEDENTIAL UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT

___________ No. 12

- 3066

___________ JAMES COPPEDGE, Appellant

v. DEUTSCHE BANK NATIONAL TRUST; MARTHA E. VON ROSENSTIEL, ESQ.; JACQUELINE F. MCNALLY, ESQ.

_____ _______________________________ On Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania (D.C. Civil No. 2:12

- cv - 03268 ) District Judge: Honorable Thomas N. O'Neill, Jr.

____________________________________ Submitted for P ossible D ismissal D ue to a J urisdictional D efect and f or P ossible Summary Action Pursuant to Third Circuit LAR 27.4 and I.O.P. 10.6 November 8, 2012 Before: FUENTES, FISHER and ROTH , Circuit Judges (Opinion filed : January 22, 2013 )

_________ OPINION

_________ PER CURIAM James Coppedge appeals the denial of his request for a preliminary injunction.2 We will affirm. In June 2012, Coppedge filed suit in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Basing his action on , inter alia , 42 U.S.C. § 1983 , Coppedge appeared to challenge a mortgage

- related proceeding that was currently
ongo ing in Pennsylvania state court, and raised several arguments associated with the “sovereign citizen” or “redemption ist ” movements. 1 For example, he co ntested a writ of judgment that used his “corporate issue name” (using all upper

- case letters , see Ford v. Pryor

Shortly after paying the filing fee, Coppedge lodged two other documents with the District Court. The first document was captioned “Motion for Injunction and Emergency Stay” (ECF No. 006), and seemed to request that the District Court enjoin the pending
state

- court writ of possession. Its attachments included an affidavit su bmitted to the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County

— in which Coppedge represented that he intended to “appeal” that court’s decision to the Federal District Court

— and a July 2012 order denying a request for summary judgment. The second document wa s captioned “Motion to Dismiss Writ of Possession due to Fraud . . . Emergency Stay and Injunction ” , 552 F.3d 1174, 1179 (10th Cir. 2008) ) and proclaimed that there wa s “no lawful money.” He demanded that each defendant “produce a Certified C opy of each of [his or her] OATHS OF OFFICE with an attached Bond to PROVE they have legal and lawful standing to operate in commerce against [Coppedge] , a Secured Party Creditor.”

1 See, e.g. , United States v. Benabe , 654 F.3d 753 , 766

– 67 (7th Cir. 2011) ; Bey v. Stumpf , 825 F. Supp. 2d 537 , 539

– 46 (D.N.J. 2011)

.3 (ECF No. 007). It argued that a writ of possession was voided in 2010 and that the state courts were erroneously allowing the voided writ to be acted upon. The District Court denied both motions , citing two grounds for declining to issue the requested injunction: abstention under Younger v. Harris , 401 U.S. 37 (1971) , and a possible jurisdictional bar
under the Rooker

- Feldman 2 doctrine

. In so doing, it ack nowledged Co p pedge’s similar actions in other District Courts. See, e.g. , Coppedge v. Beaumont

“[O] rders granting or denying preliminary injunctions are immediately appealable pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1292(a)(1).” , No. 10

– 394 , 2010 WL 2382944 (D. Del. June 11, 2010). Coppedge timely appealed; the case otherwise remains open in District Court at the time of writing.

Nutrasweet Co. v. Vit

- Mar Enters. , 112 F.3d 689, 692 (3d Cir. 1997)

. 3 We review generally for abuse of discretion, but we examine the
Court’ s underlying factual findings for clear error and address questions of law de novo. N.J. Retail Merchs. Ass’n v. Sidamon

- Eristoff Coppedge has not shown that he is entitled to a preliminary injunction , as he did
not m eet the burden, which he bears, of establishing his right to injunctive relief. , 669 F.3d 374, 385 (3d Cir. 2012)

.

See Joseph Bancroft & Sons Co. v. Shelley Knitting Mills, Inc. , 268 F.2d 569, 574 (3d Cir.

2 D.C. Ct. of App. v. Feldman , 460 U.S. 462 (1983) ; Rooker v. Fid. Trust Co. , 263 U.S. 413 (1923)

. 3 Having analyzed Coppedge’s original filings and the order of the District Court, we conclude that he was requesting preliminary injunctive relief and not merely a temporary restrainin g order. Were this not the case, we would lack jurisdiction. Nutrasweet , 112 F.3d at 692.4 1959) . “ A plaintiff seeking a preliminary injunction must establish that he is like ly to succeed on the merits, that he is likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence of preliminary relief, that the balance of equities tips in his favor, and that an injunction is in the public interest. ” Winter v. Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc. , 5 55 U.S. 7, 20 (2008)

. Neither Coppedge’s complaint nor his subsequent submissions demonstrated a likelihood of success on the merits. In fact, he explicitly stated that he wanted the District Court to sit in appellate review of state

- court proceedings , a role specifically prohibited by Rooker

- Feldman

. See Great W. Mining & Mineral Co. v. Fox Rothschild LLP , 615 F.3d 159, 169 (3d Cir. 2010) (discussing the “ prohibited exercise of appellate jurisdiction by the district court ”). Further, in order for Young er abstention to apply ( subject to certain exceptions that are not implicated here ) , there must be 1) ongoing state judicial proceedings , 2) implicating important state interests , 3) that give the parties an adequate opportunity to raise the relevant feder al claims. Lazaridis v. Wehmer , 591 F.3d 666, 670
& n.4 (3d Cir. 2010) (per curiam). T he District Court identified “ pending state court proceedings involving Coppedge and Deutsche Bank raising issues directly related to those raised by Coppedge in this m atter ,” and observed that Pennsylvania has “an important interest in resolving real estate issues” in its courts. Coppedge has not cast any doubt on the existence and adequacy of the Pennsylvania judicial proceedings , and when the first and third prongs o f the Younger test are met, “ neither injunctive nor declaratory relief will be available in cases in which the federal reli ef would render the state court’ s5 orders or judgments nugatory

. ” I d. at 671 (citations omitted)

. 4 Thus, finding no substantial ques tion to be presented by this appeal , we will summarily affirm the order of the District Court. See Murray v. Bledsoe

4 W e separately observe that real estate, and especially the regulation, titling, and sale thereof, has traditionally been regarded as an important state interes t. See, e.g. , BFP v. Resolution Trust Corp. , 511 U.S. 531, 544 (1994) (citing Am. Land Co. v. Zeiss , 219 U.S. 47, 60 (1911)); Burkart v. Coleman (In re Tippett) , 542 F.3d 684, 689 (9th Cir. 2008) (citing BFP ); Stroman Realty, Inc. v. Martinez , 505 F.3d 65 8, 664 (7th Cir. 2007) (holding that “the regulation of real estate professionals engaged in the business of timeshare brokerage” qualifies as “a valid, legitimate state interest” under the second prong of the Younger test); see also Lazaridis , 591 F.3d at 671 n.5; Witco Corp. v. Beekhuis , 38 F.3d 682, 689 (3d Cir. 1994) (“Probate law, like real estate law and domestic relations law, has traditionally been within the province of the individual states.”) (emphasis added). , 650 F.3d 246, 247 (3d Cir. 2011) (per curiam)

. Coppedge’s additional submissions to this Court, to the extent that they request any inde pendent relief, are denied. In closing, we note th at Coppedge’s sovereign

- citizen

- based averments, which frequently rely on attacks on the judiciary and invocations of alchemistic, archaic, and irrelevant formalism, are unlikely to bring him relief in any court of law , and he would be wise to direct his energies in a more productive direction.