Released: August 2021

Next MECS will be fielded in 2023.

Table 10.7 Number of Establishments with Capability to Switch Electricity to Alternative Energy Sources, 2018;

Level: National Data;Row: NAICS Codes;Column: Energy Sources;

Unit: Establishment Counts.

NAICS Total Not Natural Distillate Residual HGL (excluding 

Code(a) Subsector and Industry Receipts(d) Switchable Switchable Gas Fuel Oil Fuel Oil Coal natural gasoline) 

Total United States

311 Food 15,796 333 15,496 203 187 Q 0 Q 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 611 6 611 D Q 0 0 0 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 52 D 52 D 0 0 0 0 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 70 0 70 0 0 0 0 0 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 1,045 11 1,038 3 Q 0 0 0 

3115 Dairy Product 1,036 74 976 D 38 D 0 D 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 1,842 87 1,763 Q 59 D 0 D 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 3,938 70 3,932 Q 8 0 0 9 

3121 Beverages 3,853 D 3,847 Q 8 0 0 D 

3122 Tobacco 85 D 85 0 0 0 0 D 

313 Textile Mills 1,352 D 1,338 Q Q Q Q D 

314 Textile Product Mills 4,116 Q 4,093 0 0 Q 0 0 

315 Apparel 3,856 Q 3,852 D 0 0 0 0 316 Leather and Allied Products 655 D 655 D 0 0 0 0 

321 Wood Products 9,229 173 9,184 16 72 Q Q 10 

321113 Sawmills 1,782 44 1,760 11 34 0 Q 3 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 1,079 Q 1,078 D Q 0 0 0 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 158 0 158 0 0 0 0 0 

3219 Other Wood Products 6,089 D 6,071 D D Q 0 Q 

322 Paper 3,009 72 2,961 66 D D 10 D 

322110 Pulp Mills 28 D 28 D D D 0 0 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 156 20 149 17 D D D D 

322122 Newsprint Mills 11 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 322130 Paperboard Mills 143 D 141 8 D 0 D 0 

323 Printing and Related Support 12,534 Q 12,293 Q 0 0 Q 0 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 1,879 171 1,744 45 139 11 4 D 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 135 19 135 16 D 0 0 D 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 1,288 141 1,158 21 135 11 D 0 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 168 D 168 5 D 0 0 0 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 211 5 206 D D 0 D 0 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 78 D 78 D 0 0 0 0 

325 Chemicals 8,869 359 8,630 74 291 4 0 14 

325110 Petrochemicals 66 5 66 3 D 0 0 D 325120 Industrial Gases 524 D 524 D 0 0 0 0 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 501 10 501 D Q 0 0 0 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 207 0 207 0 0 0 0 0 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 61 D 61 D 0 0 0 0 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 524 7 523 3 6 D 0 0 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins 813 40 797 Q Q 0 0 Q 

325212 Synthetic Rubber 87 D 86 0 D 0 0 0 325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 99 7 97 D 7 D 0 0 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 147 D 147 D 0 0 0 0 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 55 D 54 D D 0 0 D 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 1,297 84 1,270 27 44 0 0 D 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 687 Q 667 Q Q 0 0 0 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 108 4 107 D D 0 0 0 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 8,317 Q 8,249 Q Q 0 0 0 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 12,035 471 11,818 255 299 Q 0 166 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 415 D 415 D D D 0 D 

Electricity Receipts(b) Alternative Energy Sources(c)
327211 Flat Glass 60 D 59 0 D 0 0 0 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 164 D 164 D 0 0 0 0 

327213 Glass Containers 57 D 57 D 0 0 0 0 

327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 686 5 685 5 0 0 0 0 

327310 Cements 187 0 187 0 0 0 0 0 

327410 Lime 86 0 86 0 0 0 0 0 

327420 Gypsum 148 0 148 0 0 0 0 0 

327993 Mineral Wool 191 5 188 D 4 0 0 D 

331 Primary Metals 3,226 107 3,218 83 85 D 0 9 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 390 D 389 5 7 0 0 0 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 498 Q 498 D Q 0 0 0 3313 Alumina and Aluminum 399 4 399 3 3 0 0 0 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 109 D 109 0 D 0 0 0 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 65 0 65 0 0 0 0 0 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 191 D 191 3 D 0 0 0 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 651 10 650 7 4 0 0 D 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 107 3 106 D D 0 0 D 

3315 Foundries 1,288 D 1,283 D Q D 0 D 

331511 Iron Foundries 373 Q 373 Q D 0 0 D 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 257 6 255 D 4 D 0 D 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 277 3 276 0 D 0 0 D 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 37,949 680 37,713 Q Q Q 0 Q 

333 Machinery 14,919 266 14,722 Q Q 0 Q Q 334 Computer and Electronic Products 6,646 224 6,498 Q D 0 0 Q 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 344 D 344 0 D 0 0 0 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 3,295 Q 3,295 0 0 0 Q 0 

336 Transportation Equipment 7,032 213 6,849 125 96 D 0 Q 

336111 Automobiles 71 D 71 0 0 0 0 0 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 69 D 69 D 0 0 0 0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 1,199 D 1,193 4 15 D 0 0 

336411 Aircraft 347 D 346 D 3 0 0 0 

337 Furniture and Related Products 8,201 Q 8,045 Q Q 0 Q Q 

339 Miscellaneous 13,589 Q 13,389 Q Q Q Q Q 

Total 180,441 4,003 177,976 2,227 1,846 398 272 636 

(a) The Bureau of the Census classifies establishments using the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

(b) These counts include only those establishments that reported this activity in 2018. Establishments for which only a portion of the total consumed fuel was reported as switchable contribute to the establish

the Switchable and Not Switchable columns. Therefore, the sum of these establishment counts may be greater than the corresponding establishment count of the total number of establishments consuming the 

(c) Alternative Energy Sources consist of those energy sources that could have been substituted for electricity receipts during 2018. The quantities are expressed in millions of kilowatt‐hours, and therefore rep

electricity that could have been displaced by the given alternative type of energy.

(d) Total Receipts represents those quantities of electricity generated off the manufacturing establishment site and available at the site for consumption. It includes those quantities for which payment was ma

transferred in, quantities purchased and paid for by a central purchasing entity, and quantities for which payment was made in kind. It does not include electricity generated onsite. Electricity Receipts has not be

account for any quantities that might have been resold or transferred out. The estimates include those quantities that were ascertained switchable or not switchable, plus an additional quantity for which the sw

ascertained.

(e) Other includes all other types of energy not already identified that respondents indicated could have been consumed in place of electricity.

* Estimate less than 0.5.

D=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.

Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error is greater than 50 percent.

NA=Not available.Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding.

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Demand and Integrated Statistics, Form EIA‐846, 2018 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey.

The Census Bureau has reviewed this data product for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and has approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied (Approval ID: CBDRB‐FY20‐260).
Released: August 2021

Next MECS will be fielded in 2023.

RSE Table 10.7 Relative Standard Errors for Table 10.7;

Unit: Percents.

NAICS Total Not Natural Distillate Residual HGL (excludin

Code(a) Subsector and Industry Receipts(d) Switchable Switchable Gas Fuel Oil Fuel Oil Coal natural gasolin

Total United States

311 Food 0.2 39.2 2.0 58.1 31.5 0.1 4.9 4

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 0.1 45.3 2.5 56.5 15.9 X 5.8 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 X 0

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 0.1 22.1 0.5 20.6 28.0 X 9.2 9

3115 Dairy Product 0.1 19.3 0.9 16.5 22.7 X X 7

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing 0.1 70.0 4.3 97.5 70.0 X X 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 1.3 51.6 3.1 62.0 55.7 X 7.0 7

3121 Beverages 1.3 53.2 3.2 62.0 57.5 X 7.0 7

3122 Tobacco 0.1 0.1 0.1 X 0.1 X X 

313 Textile Mills 0.1 60.8 3.5 62.5 93.9 X X 

314 Textile Product Mills 0.1 48.8 6.3 X 48.8 X X 

315 Apparel 0.1 73.2 6.0 73.2 X X X 316 Leather and Allied Products 0.1 X 0.2 X X X X 

321 Wood Products 0.9 41.1 2.8 71.7 29.7 5.5 X 30

321113 Sawmills 0.4 28.2 2.2 51.2 36.5 5.5 X 36

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 0.1 53.8 5.2 53.8 X X X 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 0.1 X 0.1 X X X X 

3219 Other Wood Products 1.3 72.7 4.0 90.0 60.6 X X 45

322 Paper 0.1 34.9 2.7 39.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 

322110 Pulp Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X X X 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 

322122 Newsprint Mills 0.0 X 0.0 X X X X 322130 Paperboard Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 

323 Printing and Related Support 0.1 63.5 3.0 93.5 86.5 X X 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 0.3 8.5 1.3 12.7 9.1 3.5 X 13

324110 Petroleum Refineries 0.1 36.2 0.5 36.2 36.2 X X 36324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 0.3 8.7 2.0 13.9 9.7 4.2 X 12324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 1.8 4.0 1.8 4.0 4.0 4.0 X 4

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 0.0 X 0.0 X X X X 

325 Chemicals 0.1 31.8 2.0 40.7 42.9 8.1 0.0 20

325110 Petrochemicals 0.1 26.6 0.6 26.6 X X X 325120 Industrial Gases 0.1 X 0.1 X X X X 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 0.1 47.8 1.3 12.7 51.1 X X 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 0.1 22.9 0.4 48.5 18.1 X X 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 0.0 X 0.0 X X X X 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 0.1 35.7 1.1 39.2 49.8 X X 325211 Plastics Materials and Resins 0.1 60.0 2.9 80.3 13.2 8.1 X 8

325212 Synthetic Rubber 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X 325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 0

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 0.1 22.9 0.2 22.9 X X X 22

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 0.0 X 0.0 X X X X 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 0.1 37.6 4.5 69.2 21.0 X X 35

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 0.1 15.5 4.8 25.0 16.5 X X 70325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 0.1 63.3 5.3 25.5 25.5 X X 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 0.1 48.6 2.7 67.4 99.2 X X 99

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 0.1 38.5 1.9 42.6 46.6 96.5 96.5 61

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 0.1 8.3 1.6 8.3 8.3 X X 327211 Flat Glass 0.0 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 X X 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 0.1 44.2 5.8 71.9 21.2 X X 21

327213 Glass Containers 0.0 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 X X 

Electricity Receipts(b) Alternative Energy Sources(c)
327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 0.1 62.9 5.0 65.0 91.9 96.5 96.5 96

327310 Cements 0.1 X 0.1 X X X X 

327410 Lime 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 X X X 

327420 Gypsum 0.1 17.3 0.2 17.3 X X X 

327993 Mineral Wool 0.1 50.9 1.7 24.9 50.9 X X 24

331 Primary Metals 0.2 16.4 1.0 19.6 18.1 X X 38

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 0.1 45.6 0.1 49.0 3.3 X X 3

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 0.1 54.6 7.0 77.7 X X X 3313 Alumina and Aluminum 2.0 14.6 2.1 22.2 21.0 X X 68

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 X X 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 0.1 21.4 0.1 X 21.4 X X 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 4.1 25.0 4.3 30.9 36.0 X X 68

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 0.1 51.8 0.5 59.9 47.3 X X 68

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 0.1 37.4 1.5 37.4 X X X 

3315 Foundries 0.1 20.8 0.3 24.3 33.3 X X 54

331511 Iron Foundries 0.1 18.5 0.1 18.5 18.5 X X 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 0.1 9.6 1.6 9.6 X X X 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 0.1 27.5 0.7 30.0 7.9 X X 54

332 Fabricated Metal Products 0.1 52.8 2.0 57.2 78.1 X X 333 Machinery 0.1 43.2 1.6 50.7 57.5 X X 334 Computer and Electronic Products 0.1 42.4 2.7 53.1 60.3 X X 79

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 0.1 20.7 4.7 20.1 20.8 X X 20

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 0.1 63.9 0.8 93.6 62.0 X X 336 Transportation Equipment 0.1 35.0 3.1 37.6 48.9 X X 55

336111 Automobiles 0.0 X 0.0 X X X X 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 0.0 X 0.0 X X X X 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 0.1 38.3 3.2 59.2 43.3 X X 64

336411 Aircraft 0.1 32.6 1.4 25.8 35.2 X X 25

337 Furniture and Related Products 0.1 83.1 3.6 57.0 X X X 

339 Miscellaneous 0.7 51.7 2.5 64.6 73.9 X X 83

Total 0.1 12.4 0.7 16.2 16.9 54.9 63.3 34

(a) The Bureau of the Census classifies establishments using the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

(b) These counts include only those establishments that reported this activity in 2018. Establishments for which only a portion of the total consumed fuel was reported as switchable contribute to the establish

the Switchable and Not Switchable columns. Therefore, the sum of these establishment counts may be greater than the corresponding establishment count of the total number of establishments consuming the f

(c) Alternative Energy Sources consist of those energy sources that could have been substituted for electricity receipts during 2018. The quantities are expressed in millions of kilowatt‐hours, and therefore repr

electricity that could have been displaced by the given alternative type of energy.

(d) Total Receipts represents those quantities of electricity generated off the manufacturing establishment site and available at the site for consumption. It includes those quantities for which payment was ma

transferred in, quantities purchased and paid for by a central purchasing entity, and quantities for which payment was made in kind. It does not include electricity generated onsite. Electricity Receipts has not be

account for any quantities that might have been resold or transferred out. The estimates include those quantities that were ascertained switchable or not switchable, plus an additional quantity for which the sw

ascertained.

(e) Other includes all other types of energy not already identified that respondents indicated could have been consumed in place of electricity.

* Estimate less than 0.5.

D=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.

Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error is greater than 50 percent.

X=Not defined because RSE corresponds to a data table value of zero.

NA=Not available.Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding.

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Demand and Integrated Statistics, Form EIA‐846, 2018 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey.

The Census Bureau has reviewed this data product for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and has approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied (Approval ID: CBDRB‐FY20‐260).