All

NongovernmentOwned

 Buildings

Owner 

Occupied

Nonowner 

Occupied Unoccupied

All GovernmentOwned 

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings ............................................... 4,657 4,135 2,801 1,099 236 521 63 83 375

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 .............................................. 2,348 2,131 1,433 548 151 216 Q Q 175

5,001 to 10,000 ............................................ 1,110 1,006 693 250 Q 104 Q Q 70

10,001 to 25,000 .......................................... 708 618 431 172 15 91 Q 14 64

25,001 to 50,000 .......................................... 257 202 129 68 Q 55 Q 19 33

50,001 to 100,000 ........................................ 145 109 69 39 Q 36 Q 11 21

100,001 to 200,000 ...................................... 59 47 29 17 Q 13 2 3 8

200,001 to 500,000 ...................................... 23 18 13 4 Q 5 Q 2 3

Over 500,000 ............................................... 7 5 5 1 Q 2 1 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .................................................... 327 133 107 25 N 195 Q 43 151

Food Sales .................................................. 174 174 132 42 N Q N N Q

Food Service ............................................... 349 336 242 94 N Q Q Q Q

Health Care ................................................. 127 119 77 42 N Q Q Q Q

 Inpatient ..................................................... 11 9 6 Q N 2 Q Q Q

 Outpatient .................................................. 116 110 71 39 N Q Q Q Q

Lodging ........................................................ 153 142 125 17 N Q Q Q Q

Mercantile .................................................... 667 667 377 283 Q Q N Q Q

 Retail (Other Than Mall) ............................ 534 533 330 196 Q Q N N Q

 Enclosed and Strip Malls ........................... 133 133 47 87 N Q N Q N

Office ........................................................... 739 685 476 209 N 54 Q 6 37

Public Assembly .......................................... 305 240 203 31 Q 65 Q 5 52

Public Order and Safety .............................. 72 Q Q Q N 49 Q 5 43

Religious Worship ....................................... 307 307 294 Q N N N N N

Service ........................................................ 478 421 275 146 N 57 6 Q 48

Warehouse and Storage ............................. 603 564 371 131 Q 40 Q Q Q

Other ............................................................ 102 89 63 25 N Q Q Q Q

Vacant ......................................................... 253 235 Q Q 161 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

1919 or Before ............................................. 419 384 256 94 Q 35 Q Q 21

1920 to 1945 ................................................ 499 436 291 130 Q 63 Q 6 51

1946 to 1959 ................................................ 763 670 450 159 62 93 Q 24 54

1960 to 1969 ................................................ 665 581 377 172 Q 85 4 11 69

1970 to 1979 ................................................ 774 684 465 201 Q 90 Q 19 60

1980 to 1989 ................................................ 846 761 532 195 Q 85 Q 10 73

1990 to 1999 ................................................ 690 619 431 148 Q 71 Q 14 48

Floors

One .............................................................. 2,879 2,530 1,598 760 171 349 41 50 258

Two .............................................................. 1,168 1,068 805 222 41 100 Q 16 70

Three ........................................................... 420 379 270 88 Q 41 4 9 28

Four to Nine ................................................. 178 148 119 27 Q 30 4 8 19

Ten or More ................................................. 11 10 8 2 Q 1 0 1 Q

Census Region

Northeast ..................................................... 686 607 455 142 Q 80 Q 9 60

Midwest ....................................................... 1,188 1,105 747 256 102 83 Q 14 58

South ........................................................... 1,762 1,585 1,083 431 71 177 25 32 120

West ............................................................ 1,021 839 516 270 53 182 16 28 137

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All 

Buildings

Table B12. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings, 1999

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 44
All

NongovernmentOwned

 Buildings

Owner 

Occupied

Nonowner 

Occupied Unoccupied

All GovernmentOwned 

Buildings Federal State Local

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All 

Buildings

Table B12. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings, 1999

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ................................................ 2,376 2,187 1,463 488 236 189 Q 14 141

5 to 9 ............................................................ 807 709 489 220 N 99 Q 11 86

10 to 19 ........................................................ 683 587 435 152 N 96 Q 26 62

20 to 49 ........................................................ 487 413 279 133 N 75 Q 13 51

50 to 99 ........................................................ 174 135 64 72 N 39 Q 13 23

100 to 249 .................................................... 90 73 48 25 N 18 3 5 9

250 or More ................................................. 39 33 24 9 N 6 2 2 3

Weekly Operating Hours

39 or Fewer ................................................. 978 863 527 100 236 115 Q Q 97

40 to 48 ........................................................ 1,156 967 662 305 N 189 Q 39 137

49 to 60 ........................................................ 986 887 639 248 N 99 24 13 62

61 to 84 ........................................................ 664 624 400 224 N 40 4 8 27

85 to 167 ...................................................... 474 442 295 147 N 33 Q 7 24

Open Continuously ...................................... 398 352 278 74 N 46 4 15 28

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ...................................... 140 139 N N 139 Q N N Q

Mostly Vacant .............................................. 113 96 Q Q 22 Q Q Q Q

Partially Vacant ............................................ 697 620 339 207 Q 77 Q 8 59

Not At All Vacant ......................................... 3,707 3,280 2,428 852 N 427 45 75 308

Number of Establishments

One .............................................................. 3,528 3,084 2,317 767 N 444 53 76 316

2 to 5 ............................................................ 688 631 395 236 N 58 Q 6 42

6 to 10 .......................................................... 114 111 58 54 N 3 Q Q Q

11 to 20 ........................................................ 48 47 14 33 N Q Q Q Q

More than 20 ............................................... 27 27 18 9 N Q Q Q Q

Currently Unoccupied .................................. 251 236 N N 236 Q Q Q Q

Multibuilding Facility Activity

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ........................................................ 3,295 3,097 2,050 854 193 198 7 24 167

College or University ................................... 70 53 48 Q Q 17 Q 15 Q

Primary or Secondary School ...................... 224 54 47 Q Q 170 Q 21 148

Office Complex ............................................ 134 115 64 45 Q 19 Q Q Q

Retail Complex ............................................ 181 175 74 95 Q Q N Q Q

Religious Campus or Complex .................... 186 186 181 Q N N N N N

Health Care Complex .................................. 72 50 35 Q Q 22 Q Q Q

Government Complex ................................. 61 Q Q Q N 61 27 Q 25

Other ............................................................ 434 405 301 74 Q 29 Q 6 14

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity ..................................................... 4,395 3,898 2,747 1,069 82 498 54 83 361

Natural Gas ................................................. 2,670 2,366 1,605 719 43 304 24 52 228

Fuel Oil ........................................................ 434 386 311 75 Q 48 4 6 38

District Heat ................................................. 117 67 53 Q N 50 Q 20 19

District Chilled Water ................................... 50 21 13 Q N 29 Q 6 Q

Propane ....................................................... 451 415 355 57 Q 36 Q 9 26

Other ............................................................ 153 144 126 17 Q 9 Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 45
All

NongovernmentOwned

 Buildings

Owner 

Occupied

Nonowner 

Occupied Unoccupied

All GovernmentOwned 

Buildings Federal State Local

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All 

Buildings

Table B12. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings, 1999

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ...................... 4,016 3,544 2,525 980 40 471 54 79 339

Buildings with Cooling ................................. 3,560 3,172 2,246 900 Q 387 46 65 277

Buildings with Water Heating ...................... 3,239 2,887 2,039 818 30 352 40 74 238

Buildings with Cooking ................................ 857 753 555 196 Q 105 5 19 81

Buildings with Manufacturing ....................... 151 141 97 44 N Q Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation .................................................. 172 129 113 15 Q 42 4 13 26

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated .................................................. 641 591 276 119 196 50 Q Q 36

1 to 50 .......................................................... 576 543 385 149 Q 33 Q Q 24

51 to 99 ........................................................ 627 572 393 175 Q 55 Q 17 31

100 ............................................................... 2,813 2,430 1,747 655 Q 383 40 60 284

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled .................................................. 1,097 963 555 199 209 134 Q 19 99

1 to 50 .......................................................... 1,012 925 684 239 Q 87 Q 20 57

51 to 99 ........................................................ 751 669 459 206 Q 82 Q 23 52

100 ............................................................... 1,796 1,578 1,103 455 Q 218 28 22 167

Percent Lit When Open

Zero ............................................................. 34 34 Q Q N N N N N

1 to 50 .......................................................... 835 772 603 169 N 63 Q Q 35

51 to 99 ........................................................ 1,228 1,090 797 294 N 138 Q 34 92

100 ............................................................... 2,096 1,820 1,227 593 N 275 15 40 220

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used .................................... 464 419 142 41 236 45 Q Q Q

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ................................................. 492 410 266 143 Q 82 Q 19 45

Furnaces ...................................................... 1,460 1,391 1,009 366 Q 69 Q 8 53

Individual Space Heaters ............................ 894 795 576 211 Q 99 16 14 69

District Heat ................................................. 96 53 44 Q N 43 Q 13 18

Boilers ......................................................... 581 444 380 63 Q 137 8 27 102

Packaged Heating Units .............................. 1,347 1,188 779 390 Q 159 5 18 136

Other ............................................................ 185 161 125 36 Q 24 Q Q Q

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .......................................... 676 639 483 152 Q 38 Q 4 20

Heat Pumps ................................................. 485 413 252 160 Q 73 Q 18 37

Individual Air Conditioners ........................... 799 682 533 140 Q 116 5 19 92

District Chilled Water ................................... 50 21 13 Q N 29 Q 6 Q

Central Chillers ............................................ 130 87 72 14 Q 42 5 12 26

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ........................................................... 1,953 1,739 1,206 508 Q 214 9 29 176

Swamp Coolers ........................................... 136 127 64 63 N 9 Q Q Q

Other ............................................................ 49 45 41 4 N 4 Q Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1995 (more than one may apply)

Heating ........................................................ 984 872 619 245 Q 112 Q 13 93

Cooling ........................................................ 1,085 983 651 324 Q 102 Q 17 78

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 46
All

NongovernmentOwned

 Buildings

Owner 

Occupied

Nonowner 

Occupied Unoccupied

All GovernmentOwned 

Buildings Federal State Local

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All 

Buildings

Table B12. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings, 1999

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent ............................................... 2,193 2,000 1,423 568 Q 193 20 33 140

Standard Fluorescent .................................. 3,778 3,335 2,355 970 Q 443 47 74 322

Compact Fluorescent .................................. 607 533 414 118 Q 74 6 19 49

High Intensity Discharge .............................. 430 342 258 84 N 87 5 18 64

Halogen ....................................................... 572 536 402 133 Q 36 2 9 25

Other ............................................................ 58 56 44 Q N Q Q Q Q

Personal Computers

None ............................................................ 1,617 1,503 981 304 218 114 Q Q 92

1 to 4 ............................................................ 1,636 1,506 1,076 428 Q 130 Q 18 93

5 to 9 ............................................................ 542 466 300 163 Q 76 Q Q 57

10 to 19 ........................................................ 403 335 230 93 Q 67 Q 15 50

20 to 49 ........................................................ 247 184 121 63 N 64 Q 11 43

50 to 99 ........................................................ 105 74 44 30 N 31 Q 9 21

100 to 249 .................................................... 71 42 29 12 N 29 2 12 15

250 or More ................................................. 36 26 20 6 N 10 2 3 5

Photocopiers

None ............................................................ 2,825 2,548 1,661 656 231 277 40 31 206

One .............................................................. 1,114 996 725 267 Q 117 Q 23 81

2 to 4 ............................................................ 540 443 328 115 Q 97 6 18 73

5 to 9 ............................................................ 102 83 47 37 N 19 Q 8 10

10 or More ................................................... 75 64 40 24 N 11 3 3 5

Other Electronic Equipment

(more than one may apply)

Laser Printers .............................................. 1,949 1,670 1,193 466 Q 280 38 56 185

FAX Machines ............................................. 2,807 2,533 1,748 774 Q 274 37 46 190

Medical Diagnostic Equipment .................... 86 78 57 21 N Q Q Q Q

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .................... 767 668 478 190 Q 99 5 19 75

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ................................ 698 585 439 146 Q 113 Q 27 74

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ................................... 2,130 1,906 1,430 452 24 223 26 40 157

Tinted, Reflective, or

 Shading Glass ............................................ 1,283 1,134 820 304 Q 149 19 20 110

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ....................... 550 463 330 129 Q 87 5 26 55

Economizer Cycle ........................................ 567 441 314 124 Q 126 18 25 82

HVAC Maintenance ..................................... 2,786 2,388 1,728 639 Q 398 46 66 285

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ............................. 460 330 244 86 Q 131 16 29 85

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Specular Reflectors ..................................... 843 726 489 237 Q 117 Q 16 88

Electronic Ballasts ....................................... 2,167 1,880 1,288 591 Q 287 24 48 215

Skylights or Atriums ..................................... 580 502 326 145 Q 77 3 21 53

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 47
All

NongovernmentOwned

 Buildings

Owner 

Occupied

Nonowner 

Occupied Unoccupied

All GovernmentOwned 

Buildings Federal State Local

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All 

Buildings

Table B12. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings, 1999

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

Heating ........................................................ 2,862 2,517 1,857 629 32 345 35 38 272

Cooling ........................................................ 2,622 2,339 1,654 660 Q 282 28 32 222

Lighting ........................................................ 3,675 3,255 2,309 946 N 420 43 67 310

Office Equipment ......................................... 184 115 76 39 N 69 Q 21 47

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 48