Total U.S. Housing Units................................. 111.1 14.7 7.4 12.5 12.5 18.9 18.6 17.3 9.2

Do Not Have Heating Equipment.................... 1.2 N Q Q 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 Q

Have Space Heating Equipment..................... 109.8 14.7 7.4 12.4 12.2 18.5 18.3 17.1 9.2

Use Space Heating Equipment...................... 109.1 14.6 7.3 12.4 12.2 18.2 18.2 17.1 9.1

Have But Do Not Use Equipment................... 0.8 Q Q Q Q 0.3 Q N Q

Space Heating Usage During 2005

Heated Floorspace (Square Feet)

None........................................................... 3.6 Q 0.3 0.2 0.6 1.0 0.5 0.5 Q

1 to 499...................................................... 6.1 1.2 0.4 0.7 0.9 1.3 0.8 0.6 0.2

500 to 999.................................................. 27.7 3.8 2.4 3.2 2.9 5.3 5.5 3.4 1.3

1,000 to 1,499............................................ 26.0 3.4 1.7 3.4 2.9 4.6 4.2 4.0 1.9

1,500 to 1,999............................................ 17.6 2.2 1.0 2.4 2.1 3.0 2.5 2.8 1.6

2,000 to 2,499............................................ 10.7 1.5 0.6 1.2 1.1 1.6 2.1 1.5 1.1

2,500 to 2,999............................................ 7.7 0.8 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.8 1.3 1.7 0.9

3,000 to 3,499............................................ 3.8 0.6 Q Q 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.5

3,500 to 3,999............................................ 2.6 0.5 Q Q 0.3 Q 0.3 0.6 0.4

4,000 or More............................................. 5.2 0.6 Q 0.3 Q 0.6 0.9 1.5 0.9

Total Number of Rooms

(Excluding Bathrooms)

0................................................................. 2.1 Q Q Q 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 Q

1 or 2.......................................................... 3.1 0.5 Q 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.4 Q

3................................................................. 8.3 0.9 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.7 1.9 1.1 0.6

4................................................................. 16.6 2.5 1.2 2.0 1.6 3.4 2.9 2.2 0.7

5................................................................. 23.3 2.8 1.8 3.3 2.4 4.0 3.8 3.3 1.9

6................................................................. 22.6 2.5 1.6 3.4 2.8 3.5 3.7 3.4 1.7

7................................................................. 16.3 2.5 1.0 1.7 2.0 2.6 2.7 2.4 1.4

8................................................................. 9.7 1.4 0.4 0.6 1.0 1.4 1.7 2.0 1.2

9 or More.................................................... 9.1 1.4 0.4 0.5 1.0 1.2 1.4 2.1 1.3

At Home Behavior

Home Used for Business

Yes......................................................... 8.9 1.2 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.5 1.4 2.2 1.1

No........................................................... 102.2 13.5 7.1 12.1 11.6 17.4 17.2 15.1 8.1

Someone Home All Day

Yes......................................................... 56.4 7.7 4.0 7.2 6.6 9.3 8.5 8.4 4.7

No........................................................... 54.7 7.0 3.4 5.4 5.9 9.6 10.1 8.9 4.5

Housing Unit Characteristics Affecting Usage

Adequacy of Insulation

Well Insulated............................................. 42.8 3.9 2.2 4.0 4.4 6.5 7.4 8.8 5.7

Adequately Insulated.................................. 46.3 5.8 3.4 5.4 5.0 8.8 8.1 6.9 2.8

Poorly Insulated.......................................... 19.0 4.2 1.7 2.7 2.7 3.1 2.5 1.5 0.6

No Insulation.............................................. 1.4 0.3 Q 0.3 Q Q 0.2 Q Q

Don't Know................................................. 1.7 0.3 Q Q 0.2 0.3 0.4 Q Q

Home is Too Drafty During the Winter

Never.......................................................... 62.9 5.8 4.0 6.9 6.3 11.0 10.9 11.6 6.5

Some of the Time....................................... 32.4 5.5 2.4 4.0 4.0 5.3 5.5 4.1 1.7

Most of the Time......................................... 6.1 1.5 0.4 0.7 0.7 1.1 0.8 0.5 0.3

All of the Time............................................ 5.6 1.4 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.6 Q

Don't Know................................................. 4.1 0.6 Q 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5

1990 to 

1999

2000 to 

Space Heating Usage Indicators 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Table HC5.5 Space Heating Usage Indicators by Year of Construction, 2005

Year of Construction

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Before 

1940

1940 to 

1949

1950 to 

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to 

1979

1980 to 

1989

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characteristics
1990 to 

1999

2000 to 

Space Heating Usage Indicators 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Table HC5.5 Space Heating Usage Indicators by Year of Construction, 2005

Year of Construction

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Before 

1940

1940 to 

1949

1950 to 

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to 

1979

1980 to 

1989

Unusually High Ceilings

Yes............................................................. 27.2 3.4 0.9 1.1 1.2 2.6 5.7 7.8 4.6

No.............................................................. 76.9 11.2 6.5 11.3 10.8 14.3 11.0 7.7 4.1

Not Asked (Mobile Homes)......................... 6.9 Q N Q 0.4 2.0 1.9 1.9 0.5

Cathedral Ceilings

(In Housing Units with High Ceilings)

Yes......................................................... 17.1 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.8 1.8 4.1 5.6 3.3

No........................................................... 10.1 2.7 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.8 1.5 2.2 1.2

Type of Glass in Windows

Single-pane Glass...................................... 50.7 7.7 3.7 6.7 7.5 9.7 8.3 4.9 2.3

Double-pane Glass

Without Low-e Coating............................ 50.6 5.8 3.2 4.7 4.3 7.5 9.0 10.9 5.3

With Low-e Coating................................ 8.0 0.9 0.4 0.8 0.6 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.5

Triple-pane Glass

Without Low-e Coating............................ 1.0 QQQQQQQQ

With Low-e Coating................................ 0.3 Q N Q Q Q N Q Q

Proportion of Original Windows Replaced

All............................................................... 22.4 4.6 2.9 3.9 3.4 4.1 2.3 0.7 0.5

Some.......................................................... 21.6 5.0 1.6 3.4 2.8 3.7 3.2 1.6 0.4

None........................................................... 62.3 4.5 2.9 4.7 5.9 9.7 11.9 14.5 8.2

Don't Know................................................. 4.7 0.6 Q 0.5 0.4 1.4 1.1 0.6 Q

Thermostats

Do Not Have a Thermostat........................... 15.3 2.8 1.7 2.3 2.3 2.8 1.8 1.0 0.6

Have a Thermostat....................................... 95.8 11.9 5.7 10.3 10.2 16.1 16.7 16.4 8.6

1................................................................. 84.5 10.3 5.3 9.5 8.8 14.6 14.7 14.1 7.2

2 or More.................................................... 11.3 1.5 0.4 0.8 1.3 1.5 2.1 2.3 1.5

Have a Programmable Thermostat

Yes......................................................... 33.1 3.4 2.1 3.3 3.1 5.1 6.0 5.7 4.4

No........................................................... 62.7 8.4 3.6 7.0 7.0 10.9 10.7 10.7 4.3

Use of Programmable Thermostats

Reduces Temperature During Day

Yes......................................................... 18.6 2.1 1.1 2.0 1.7 2.6 3.7 3.2 2.3

No........................................................... 14.5 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.4 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.1

Reduces Temperature at Night

Yes......................................................... 21.5 2.3 1.2 2.1 2.1 3.3 4.2 3.7 2.6

No........................................................... 11.6 1.1 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.9 1.8 2.0 1.8

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characteristics
1990 to 

1999

2000 to 

Space Heating Usage Indicators 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Table HC5.5 Space Heating Usage Indicators by Year of Construction, 2005

Year of Construction

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Before 

1940

1940 to 

1949

1950 to 

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to 

1979

1980 to 

1989

Winter 2005 Temperature Settings

Lower Temperature Settings

Daytime When No One is at Home

Yes......................................................... 40.5 5.9 2.5 4.4 4.1 7.0 6.9 6.4 3.4

No........................................................... 59.1 7.5 3.9 7.0 6.5 9.7 9.9 9.5 5.2

Unknown................................................. 11.4 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.9 2.3 1.8 1.5 0.6

During Sleeping Hours

Yes......................................................... 40.7 5.9 2.5 4.7 4.1 6.6 6.9 6.6 3.3

No........................................................... 60.2 7.8 4.0 6.7 6.8 10.2 10.0 9.4 5.3

Unknown................................................. 10.2 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.6 2.0 1.7 1.3 0.6

Daytime Setting When No One is at Home

Heat Turned On.......................................... 93.7 12.9 5.9 10.5 9.7 15.4 15.9 15.2 8.3

63 Degrees or Less................................. 18.9 3.5 1.3 2.3 1.9 3.4 3.1 2.4 1.1

64 to 66 Degrees.................................... 17.4 2.8 1.0 2.3 1.9 2.4 2.9 2.6 1.5

67 to 69 Degrees.................................... 17.8 2.6 1.2 1.9 1.5 3.2 2.8 2.8 1.7

70 Degrees............................................. 16.0 2.0 1.0 1.8 1.7 2.4 2.7 2.8 1.4

71 to 73 Degrees.................................... 10.2 1.0 0.4 1.0 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.1

74 Degrees or More................................ 13.5 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.2 2.2 2.6 2.7 1.6

Don't Know/No Answer........................... 7.4 1.1 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.5

Heat Turned Off.......................................... 8.7 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.4 1.8 1.4 1.1 0.4

Do Not Use Space Heating......................... 1.3 N Q Q 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 Q

Daytime Setting When Someone is at Home

Heat Turned On.......................................... 101.5 13.7 6.6 11.6 10.9 17.0 17.0 16.1 8.7

63 Degrees or Less................................. 4.1 1.2 Q 0.7 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.3 Q

64 to 66 Degrees.................................... 8.2 1.5 0.6 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.3 0.9 0.4

67 to 69 Degrees.................................... 23.6 4.0 1.4 2.7 2.2 4.0 3.7 3.6 2.1

70 Degrees............................................. 24.6 3.2 1.6 2.6 2.7 4.0 4.0 4.4 2.0

71 to 73 Degrees.................................... 17.6 1.9 1.0 1.8 2.2 3.0 3.1 2.9 1.7

74 Degrees or More................................ 23.2 1.9 1.8 2.4 2.4 4.1 4.4 3.9 2.3

Don't Know/No Answer........................... 6.0 0.8 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.4

Heat Turned Off.......................................... 2.3 Q Q Q 0.4 0.5 0.5 Q Q

Do Not Use Space Heating......................... 1.3 N Q Q 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 Q

Setting During Sleeping Hours

Heat Turned On.......................................... 98.1 13.5 6.2 10.9 10.5 16.2 16.4 15.8 8.6

63 Degrees or Less................................. 13.0 2.8 0.9 1.6 1.2 2.1 2.3 1.5 0.6

64 to 66 Degrees.................................... 18.4 2.8 1.1 2.7 2.0 2.7 2.7 3.0 1.5

67 to 69 Degrees.................................... 20.8 3.1 1.3 2.3 1.9 3.8 2.9 3.7 1.9

70 Degrees............................................. 18.5 2.6 1.2 1.8 2.1 3.3 3.2 2.8 1.6

71 to 73 Degrees.................................... 11.1 1.0 0.5 1.1 1.4 1.8 2.2 2.1 1.1

74 Degrees or More................................ 16.3 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.9 2.6 3.1 2.8 1.8

Don't Know/No Answer........................... 6.4 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.4

Heat Turned Off.......................................... 5.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.1 1.0 0.6 Q

Do Not Use Space Heating......................... 1.3 N Q Q 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 Q

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characteristics
1990 to 

1999

2000 to 

Space Heating Usage Indicators 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Table HC5.5 Space Heating Usage Indicators by Year of Construction, 2005

Year of Construction

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Before 

1940

1940 to 

1949

1950 to 

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to 

1979

1980 to 

1989

Secondary Heating

Use Any Secondary Heating Equipment

Yes............................................................. 34.9 5.1 2.5 3.5 3.9 5.5 5.9 5.8 2.5

No.............................................................. 74.9 9.6 4.8 8.9 8.3 13.0 12.4 11.3 6.6

Proportion of Heat Provided by

Secondary Heating Equipment

Close to One-Half................................... 4.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 Q

About One-Quarter................................. 5.8 1.0 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.4

Very Little or None.................................. 24.7 3.6 1.8 2.4 2.6 3.9 4.2 4.3 1.9

Type of Supplemental Heating Equipment Used

Heat Pump................................................. 0.6 Q Q N QQQQQ

Central Warm-Air Furnace.......................... 2.3 0.3 Q Q 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 Q

Steam/Hot Water System........................... Q Q Q N Q N N Q N

Built-in Electric Units.................................. 2.2 0.4 Q 0.3 Q 0.3 0.3 0.3 Q

Built-in Pipeless Furnace............................ 0.3 Q N Q Q Q N Q Q

Built-in Room Heaters................................ 1.4 0.3 Q Q Q 0.3 0.3 Q Q

Heating Stove............................................. 2.1 0.3 Q 0.3 Q 0.4 0.4 0.3 Q

Portable Electric Heaters............................ 14.3 2.6 1.4 1.7 1.9 2.3 1.9 1.6 0.8

Portable Kerosene Heaters........................ 0.6 QQQQQQQQ

Cooking Stove............................................ 0.5 Q N QQQQQQ

Fireplace.................................................... 10.5 0.9 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.4 2.2 3.0 1.2

Fireplace Fuel

Wood...................................................... 6.9 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.6 1.2 1.4 1.7 0.5

Natural Gas............................................ 2.7 Q Q Q Q Q 0.6 0.9 0.5

Propane.................................................. 0.9 Q N Q N Q Q 0.3 Q

Use of Gas Fireplace

During Winter Months

Most Days........................................... 1.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q 0.5 0.2

About Once a Week............................ 1.3 Q Q Q Q Q Q 0.4 0.4

Less than 4 Times each Month........... 1.1 Q N Q Q Q 0.3 0.3 Q

Humidifier Use Each Year

Use a Humidifier............................................ 14.2 1.9 1.0 1.6 1.2 2.1 2.2 2.8 1.5

1 to 3 Months Each Year............................ 7.1 1.0 0.5 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.4 0.7

4 to 6 Months Each Year............................ 5.6 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.6

7 to 9 Months Each Year............................ 0.4 QQQQQQQQ

10 to 11 months.......................................... Q Q N N Q N Q Q N

Turned on All Year Long............................. 1.1 Q Q Q Q 0.3 Q 0.2 Q

Do Not Use a Humidifier................................ 96.9 12.8 6.4 10.9 11.2 16.8 16.4 14.6 7.8

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characteristics