Released: October 2017

Next MECS will be fielded in 2019

Table 5.7 End Uses of Fuel Consumption, 2014;

 Level: National and Regional Data; 

 Row: End Uses;

 Column: Energy Sources, including Net Demand for Electricity;

 Unit: Physical Units or Btu.

Distillate

Net Demand Fuel Oil Coal

for Residual and Natural HGL (excluding (excluding Coal

Electricity(a) Fuel Oil Diesel Fuel(b) Gas(c) natural gasoline)(d) Coke and Breeze)

End Use (million kWh) (million bbl) (million bbl) (billion cu ft) (million bbl) (million short tons)

Total United States

TOTAL FUEL CONSUMPTION 894,015 5 17 5,693 22 35

Indirect Uses-Boiler Fuel 15,181 3 2 2,240 2 18

 Conventional Boiler Use 15,181 2 1 735 1 2

 CHP and/or Cogeneration Process -- 2 1 1,505 1 16

Direct Uses-Total Process 703,149 1 4 2,869 12 13

 Process Heating 106,168 1 1 2,517 10 13

 Process Cooling and Refrigeration 63,128 * * 26 * 0

 Machine Drive 446,420 * 2 158 1 *

 Electro-Chemical Processes 67,477 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Process Use 19,956 * 1 169 1 1

Direct Uses-Total Nonprocess 161,142 * 10 421 7 *

 Facility HVAC (e) 81,530 * 1 358 2 *

 Facility Lighting 55,456 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Facility Support 16,723 * * 40 * *

 Onsite Transportation 3,984 -- 7 2 5 --

 Conventional Electricity Generation -- * * 12 * *

 Other Nonprocess Use 3,449 * 2 8 * *

End Use Not Reported 14,543 * 1 163 1 4

Northeast Census Region

TOTAL FUEL CONSUMPTION 86,012 2 3 411 2 2

Indirect Uses-Boiler Fuel 1,709 1 * 140 * 1

 Conventional Boiler Use 1,709 1 * 52 * *

 CHP and/or Cogeneration Process -- * * 88 * 1

Direct Uses-Total Process 64,065 * 1 200 1 1

 Process Heating 10,542 * * 174 1 1

 Process Cooling and Refrigeration 5,142 * * 2 * 0

 Machine Drive 41,166 * * 16 * 0

 Electro-Chemical Processes 5,021 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Process Use 2,194 * * 7 * *

Direct Uses-Total Nonprocess 18,556 * 1 55 1 *

 Facility HVAC (e) 9,501 * * 49 * *

 Facility Lighting 6,474 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Facility Support 1,848 * * 2 * 0

 Onsite Transportation 347 -- 1 * * --

 Conventional Electricity Generation -- * * Q * 0

 Other Nonprocess Use 386 * * 1 * 0

End Use Not Reported 1,683 * * 16 * *

Midwest Census Region

TOTAL FUEL CONSUMPTION 258,940 * 4 1,710 9 15

Indirect Uses-Boiler Fuel 3,534 * * 571 1 7

 Conventional Boiler Use 3,534 * * 278 * 1

 CHP and/or Cogeneration Process -- * * 293 * 6

Direct Uses-Total Process 203,659 * 1 891 6 4

 Process Heating 33,408 * * 790 5 4

 Process Cooling and Refrigeration 18,898 0 * 8 * 0
 Machine Drive 132,837 * * 18 * *

 Electro-Chemical Processes 13,742 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Process Use 4,774 * 1 76 * *

Direct Uses-Total Nonprocess 46,927 * 2 209 2 *

 Facility HVAC (e) 22,145 * * 183 1 *

 Facility Lighting 17,989 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Facility Support 4,244 0 * 21 * *

 Onsite Transportation 1,309 -- 1 * 2 --

 Conventional Electricity Generation -- 0 * * * *

 Other Nonprocess Use 1,241 0 * Q * 0

End Use Not Reported 4,820 0 * 38 * 4

South Census Region

TOTAL FUEL CONSUMPTION 426,777 2 8 2,904 7 12

Indirect Uses-Boiler Fuel 8,544 2 1 1,242 1 7

 Conventional Boiler Use 8,544 1 * 310 1 1

 CHP and/or Cogeneration Process -- 1 1 932 * 7

Direct Uses-Total Process 342,522 * 2 1,452 3 5

 Process Heating 47,960 * * 1,261 2 5

 Process Cooling and Refrigeration 29,630 0 * 15 * 0

 Machine Drive 217,388 * 1 111 * *

 Electro-Chemical Processes 39,444 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Process Use 8,100 * * 65 * *

Direct Uses-Total Nonprocess 69,465 * 5 114 3 *

 Facility HVAC (e) 36,604 * * 93 * *

 Facility Lighting 22,420 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Facility Support 7,516 * * 11 * 0

 Onsite Transportation 1,772 -- 3 1 2 --

 Conventional Electricity Generation -- * * 6 * *

 Other Nonprocess Use 1,153 * 1 3 * 0

End Use Not Reported 6,247 * * 95 1 0

West Census Region

TOTAL FUEL CONSUMPTION 122,286 1 3 669 4 6

Indirect Uses-Boiler Fuel 1,395 * * 287 * 3

 Conventional Boiler Use 1,395 * * 95 * *

 CHP and/or Cogeneration Process -- * * 192 * 2

Direct Uses-Total Process 92,903 * 1 326 2 3

 Process Heating 14,257 * * 291 2 3

 Process Cooling and Refrigeration 9,458 0 * 1 * 0

 Machine Drive 55,029 0 * 13 * 0

 Electro-Chemical Processes 9,271 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Process Use 4,888 * * 20 * *

Direct Uses-Total Nonprocess 26,194 0 2 43 1 *

 Facility HVAC (e) 13,280 0 * 33 * 0

 Facility Lighting 8,573 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Facility Support 3,115 0 * 6 * 0

 Onsite Transportation 556 -- 1 * 1 --

 Conventional Electricity Generation -- 0 * 3 * 0

 Other Nonprocess Use 670 0 * 1 * *

End Use Not Reported 1,794 0 * 13 * 0

 (a) 'Net Demand for Electricity' is the sum of purchases, transfers in, and total onsite electricity generation, minus sales and transfers offsite. It is the total amount of electricity used 

by establishments. 'Net Demand for Electricity' is not directly comparable with "Net Electricity,' which specifically excludes electricity generated onsite by combustible energy sources.

 (b) 'Distillate Fuel Oil' includes Nos. 1, 2, and 4 fuel oils and Nos. 1, 2, and 4 diesel fuels.

 (c) 'Natural Gas' includes natural gas obtained from utilities, local distribution companies, and any other supplier(s), such as independent gas producers, gas brokers, marketers, and 

any marketing subsidiaries of utilities.

 (d) Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids '(HGL)' include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, ethane-propane mixtures, propane-butane mixtures, and isobutane 

produced at refineries or natural gas processing plants, including plants that fractionate raw Natural Gas Liquids (NGL). 

 (e) Facility Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning '(Facility HVAC)' excludes steam and hot water.

 * Estimate less than 0.5.
 Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. The estimates presented in this table are for the total consumption of energy (formerly total 

inputs of energy) for the production of heat, power, and electricity generation, regardless of where the energy was produced. Specifically, the estimates include the quantities of 

energy that were originally produced offsite and purchased by or transferred to the establishment, plus those that were produced onsite from other energy or input materials not 

classified as energy, or were extracted from captive (onsite) mines or wells. Allocations to specific end uses are made on the basis of reasonable approximations by respondents.

 W=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.

 Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error is greater than 50 percent.

 NA=Not available.

 -- Estimation is not applicable.

 S=Negative value.

 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA-846, '2014 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey.' 
Released: October 2017

Next MECS will be fielded in 2019

RSE Table 5.7 Relative Standard Errors for Table 5.7;

 Unit: Percents.

Distillate

Net Demand Fuel Oil Coal

for Residual and Natural HGL (excluding (excluding Coal

Electricity(a) Fuel Oil Diesel Fuel(b) Gas(c) natural gasoline)(d) Coke and Breeze)

End Use (million kWh) (million bbl) (million bbl) (billion cu ft) (million bbl) (million short tons)

Total United States

TOTAL FUEL CONSUMPTION 1.1 2.2 5.4 0.8 2.8 1.1

Indirect Uses-Boiler Fuel 2.7 2.9 7.3 1.0 3.6 1.3

 Conventional Boiler Use 2.7 0.4 6.3 2.1 4.6 1.6

 CHP and/or Cogeneration Process -- 6.1 10.0 1.1 5.8 1.5

Direct Uses-Total Process 1.0 2.7 10.6 1.0 2.9 1.8

 Process Heating 2.1 1.6 7.5 1.1 2.1 2.0

 Process Cooling and Refrigeration 1.7 73.1 10.3 5.7 27.2 X

 Machine Drive 1.2 0.1 13.7 3.8 26.1 23.0

 Electro-Chemical Processes 1.1 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Process Use 4.5 42.3 25.7 3.3 16.9 0.1

Direct Uses-Total Nonprocess 2.1 2.3 6.7 2.5 6.0 12.2

 Facility HVAC (e) 2.3 4.0 16.4 2.7 17.0 20.2

 Facility Lighting 2.4 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Facility Support 3.7 40.2 44.8 3.0 14.8 0.1

 Onsite Transportation 4.6 -- 4.5 9.0 5.3 --

 Conventional Electricity Generation -- 0.1 38.1 17.4 14.5 0.1

 Other Nonprocess Use 14.2 63.0 28.4 27.9 29.9 0.1

End Use Not Reported 10.5 0.1 23.2 7.3 12.6 4.2

Northeast Census Region

TOTAL FUEL CONSUMPTION 3.6 5.3 11.4 3.0 13.2 7.4

Indirect Uses-Boiler Fuel 14.6 7.3 6.7 3.2 20.8 13.6

 Conventional Boiler Use 14.6 0.2 10.0 5.5 42.2 0.1

 CHP and/or Cogeneration Process -- 28.9 8.0 3.8 9.3 16.1

Direct Uses-Total Process 3.7 2.6 18.2 4.7 17.9 0.1

 Process Heating 4.2 2.6 15.3 4.5 19.6 0.1

 Process Cooling and Refrigeration 6.2 73.1 0.1 11.0 59.8 X

 Machine Drive 5.1 0.1 26.5 30.4 29.0 X

 Electro-Chemical Processes 1.2 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Process Use 12.6 0.1 63.8 11.2 68.6 0.1

Direct Uses-Total Nonprocess 5.9 2.3 17.5 6.5 16.2 29.2

 Facility HVAC (e) 7.5 3.8 32.2 6.2 29.1 29.2

 Facility Lighting 5.9 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Facility Support 6.4 46.5 38.5 12.0 34.5 X

 Onsite Transportation 9.6 -- 12.5 33.8 9.9 --

 Conventional Electricity Generation -- 0.1 8.9 66.5 56.1 X

 Other Nonprocess Use 22.0 0.1 57.7 17.9 20.9 X

End Use Not Reported 25.6 0.1 36.2 1.2 40.3 0.1

Midwest Census Region

TOTAL FUEL CONSUMPTION 2.0 7.2 10.1 1.8 4.4 2.3

Indirect Uses-Boiler Fuel 4.7 1.3 20.0 3.0 6.6 2.1

 Conventional Boiler Use 4.7 0.5 13.5 4.8 6.7 2.4

 CHP and/or Cogeneration Process -- 2.1 26.4 4.2 10.0 2.4

Direct Uses-Total Process 1.9 18.1 20.3 2.1 3.6 5.3

 Process Heating 3.7 24.8 15.0 2.3 1.3 5.8

 Process Cooling and Refrigeration 3.2 X 42.6 2.9 2.7 X

 Machine Drive 2.3 0.1 20.7 11.9 50.3 12.9

 Electro-Chemical Processes 4.4 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Process Use 12.5 0.1 35.1 5.2 25.9 0.1

Direct Uses-Total Nonprocess 3.7 34.7 11.3 4.2 12.4 16.1

 Facility HVAC (e) 4.1 34.7 39.3 4.5 39.2 26.7

 Facility Lighting 3.9 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Facility Support 4.6 X 96.8 4.6 22.8 0.1

 Onsite Transportation 7.4 -- 4.2 17.0 10.3 --

 Conventional Electricity Generation -- X 44.2 7.3 10.3 0.1

 Other Nonprocess Use 37.5 X 34.3 52.2 75.7 X

End Use Not Reported 8.3 X 18.2 9.0 29.4 4.3

South Census Region

TOTAL FUEL CONSUMPTION 1.5 1.4 8.7 0.9 4.3 1.2

Indirect Uses-Boiler Fuel 3.1 1.8 10.0 1.0 3.8 1.5
 Conventional Boiler Use 3.1 1.1 10.0 2.1 3.5 3.4

 CHP and/or Cogeneration Process -- 2.6 11.8 1.1 11.9 1.6

Direct Uses-Total Process 1.4 1.4 13.3 1.1 5.8 1.8

 Process Heating 3.3 1.4 6.1 1.3 5.7 1.9

 Process Cooling and Refrigeration 2.8 X 7.2 9.6 58.6 X

 Machine Drive 1.8 0.1 20.6 2.3 27.1 30.3

 Electro-Chemical Processes 1.1 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Process Use 7.5 89.5 9.6 5.8 20.9 0.1

Direct Uses-Total Nonprocess 3.0 26.5 11.9 4.4 8.1 9.3

 Facility HVAC (e) 3.5 39.2 36.9 5.1 23.1 14.6

 Facility Lighting 3.8 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Facility Support 6.0 19.2 8.1 4.7 30.6 X

 Onsite Transportation 7.1 -- 7.5 9.1 8.0 --

 Conventional Electricity Generation -- 0.1 14.6 2.4 17.4 0.1

 Other Nonprocess Use 10.4 99.0 45.5 24.9 30.1 X

End Use Not Reported 22.2 0.1 37.4 11.7 14.3 X

West Census Region

TOTAL FUEL CONSUMPTION 4.0 4.5 13.9 1.9 6.3 0.1

Indirect Uses-Boiler Fuel 5.9 0.1 28.9 1.8 7.3 0.1

 Conventional Boiler Use 5.9 0.1 16.3 3.6 5.2 0.1

 CHP and/or Cogeneration Process -- 0.1 54.3 2.0 11.8 0.1

Direct Uses-Total Process 3.3 7.9 39.2 3.0 6.3 0.1

 Process Heating 7.0 0.1 54.7 3.4 3.5 0.1

 Process Cooling and Refrigeration 3.7 X 9.6 7.9 64.5 X

 Machine Drive 3.9 X 46.4 3.0 41.4 X

 Electro-Chemical Processes 1.5 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Process Use 3.1 61.5 75.3 2.1 44.2 0.1

Direct Uses-Total Nonprocess 7.5 X 11.0 4.8 14.8 0.1

 Facility HVAC (e) 7.0 X 1.5 4.0 33.6 X

 Facility Lighting 8.3 -- -- -- -- --

 Other Facility Support 11.7 X 0.1 7.0 23.4 X

 Onsite Transportation 16.4 -- 10.6 19.7 14.0 --

 Conventional Electricity Generation -- X 61.7 47.1 49.7 X

 Other Nonprocess Use 9.8 X 23.5 27.7 10.7 0.1

End Use Not Reported 14.3 X 28.9 17.0 40.9 X

 (a) 'Net Demand for Electricity' is the sum of purchases, transfers in, and total onsite electricity generation, minus sales and transfers offsite. It is the total amount 

of electricity used by establishments. 'Net Demand for Electricity' is not directly comparable with "Net Electricity,' which specifically excludes electricity generated 

onsite by combustible energy sources.

 (b) 'Distillate Fuel Oil' includes Nos. 1, 2, and 4 fuel oils and Nos. 1, 2, and 4 diesel fuels.

 (c) 'Natural Gas' includes natural gas obtained from utilities, local distribution companies, and any other supplier(s), such as independent gas producers, gas 

brokers, marketers, and any marketing subsidiaries of utilities.

 (d) Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids '(HGL)' include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, ethane-propane mixtures, propane-butane mixtures, 

and isobutane produced at refineries or natural gas processing plants, including plants that fractionate raw Natural Gas Liquids (NGL). 

 (e) Facility Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning '(Facility HVAC)' excludes steam and hot water.

 S=Negative value.

 Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. The estimates presented in this table are for the total consumption of energy 

(formerly total inputs of energy) for the production of heat, power, and electricity generation, regardless of where the energy was produced. Specifically, the 

estimates include the quantities of energy that were originally produced offsite and purchased by or transferred to the establishment, plus those that were 

produced onsite from other energy or input materials not classified as energy, or were extracted from captive (onsite) mines or wells. Allocations to specific end uses 

are made on the basis of reasonable approximations by respondents.

 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA-846, '2014 Manufacturing Energy Consumption 

Survey.' 

 X=Not defined because RSE corresponds to a value of zero.

 * Estimate less than 0.5.

 W=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.

 Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error is greater than 50 percent.

 NA=Not available.

 -- Estimation is not applicable.