Total................................................................... 111.1 72.1 7.6 7.8 16.7 6.9

Number of Water Heaters

1...................................................................... 106.3 68.7 7.4 7.6 15.9 6.7

2 or More......................................................... 3.7 3.2 QQQQ

Do Not Use Hot Water.................................... 1.1 Q Q Q 0.6 Q

Housing Units Served by Main Water Heater

One Housing Unit............................................ 99.7 71.7 7.1 5.4 8.8 6.7

Two or More Housing Units............................. 10.3 0.2 0.4 2.3 7.3 Q

Do Not Use Hot Water.................................... 1.1 Q Q Q 0.6 Q

Main Water Heating Fuel

Electric............................................................ 43.1 26.3 2.3 2.4 7.3 4.7

For One Housing Unit.................................. 40.3 26.2 2.2 2.0 5.3 4.7

For Two or More Housing Units................... 2.7 Q Q 0.4 2.1 N

Natural Gas..................................................... 58.7 39.8 5.0 4.8 7.7 1.4

For One Housing Unit.................................. 52.5 39.7 4.8 3.2 3.5 1.4

For Two or More Housing Units................... 6.2 Q 0.3 1.6 4.2 Q

Fuel Oil........................................................... 4.0 2.7 Q 0.4 0.8 Q

For One Housing Unit.................................. 3.0 2.6 QQQQ

For Two or More Housing Units................... 1.1 Q Q 0.3 0.7 N

Propane/LPG.................................................. 4.0 3.0 Q Q 0.3 0.6

Other............................................................... 0.2 Q N N Q N

Do Not Use Hot Water.................................... 1.1 Q Q Q 0.6 Q

Age of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Less than 2 Years....................................... 14.7 11.0 1.0 0.8 0.9 1.0

2 to 4 Years................................................. 18.6 14.3 1.0 0.8 1.3 1.3

5 to 9 Years................................................. 25.5 19.3 1.5 1.0 1.4 2.3

10 to 19 Years............................................. 20.1 15.7 1.5 0.6 1.2 1.2

20 Years or More......................................... 6.8 4.8 0.6 0.3 0.7 0.4

Don't Know.................................................. 12.0 5.7 1.4 1.9 2.5 0.6

No Separate Water Heater.......................... 1.9 0.8 Q Q 0.9 N

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Less than 2 Years....................................... 0.3 N Q Q Q N

2 to 4 Years................................................. 0.5 QQQQN

5 to 9 Years................................................. 0.5 QQQQN

10 to 19 Years............................................. 0.6 Q N Q 0.3 N

20 Years or More......................................... 0.6 N N Q 0.4 Q

Don't Know.................................................. 4.4 Q Q 1.0 3.3 N

No Separate Water Heater.......................... 3.4 N Q 0.5 2.8 Q

Single-Family Units

Detached

Type of Housing Unit

Table HC2.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Type of Housing Unit, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Water Heating Characteristics Attached 2 to 4 Units 5 or More 

Units

Mobile 

Homes

Apartments in Buildings 

With-- Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characteristics Tables
Single-Family Units

Detached

Type of Housing Unit

Table HC2.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Type of Housing Unit, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Water Heating Characteristics Attached 2 to 4 Units 5 or More 

Units

Mobile 

Homes

Apartments in Buildings 

With-- Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Size of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Small (30 gallons or less)............................ 17.1 9.2 1.1 1.3 3.0 2.6

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)........................... 52.4 38.5 4.2 2.8 3.5 3.3

Large (50 gallons or more).......................... 27.1 22.2 1.6 1.2 1.3 0.8

Tankless water heater................................. 1.1 1.0 QQQQ

No Separate Water Heater.......................... 1.9 0.8 Q Q 0.9 N

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Small (30 gallons or less)............................ 1.4 Q Q 0.3 1.0 Q

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)........................... 2.4 Q Q 0.6 1.5 N

Large (50 gallons or more).......................... 2.8 Q Q 0.8 1.8 N

Tankless water heater................................. 0.2 Q N Q Q N

No Separate Water Heater.......................... 3.4 N Q 0.5 2.8 Q

Other Water Heating

Hot Tubs or Spas.......................................... 6.7 6.4 Q N N Q

Electricity..................................................... 5.3 5.0 Q N N Q

Natural Gas................................................. 1.2 1.2 NNNN

Swimming Pools........................................... 1.9 1.9 N N N N

Natural Gas................................................. 1.2 1.2 NNNN

Electricity..................................................... 0.4 0.4 NNNN

Propane/LPG............................................... 0.3 0.3 NNNN

Some Other Fuel......................................... Q Q NNNN

Electric Water Beds...................................... 2.2 1.7 Q Q Q Q

1.................................................................. 1.9 1.5 QQQQ

2 or More..................................................... 0.3 Q N Q N Q

Heaters Used all Year............................ 1.7 1.3 Q Q Q Q

1........................................................... 1.5 1.1 QQQQ

2 or More.............................................. 0.3 Q N Q N Q

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were 

sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characteristics Tables
Total........................................................................... 111.1 78.1 64.1 4.2 1.8 2.3 5.7

Number of Water Heaters

1.............................................................................. 106.3 74.5 60.9 4.0 1.8 2.2 5.5

2 or More................................................................. 3.7 3.3 3.0 QQQQ

Do Not Use Hot Water............................................ 1.1 0.3 Q Q N Q Q

Housing Units Served by Main Water Heater

One Housing Unit.................................................... 99.7 76.2 63.7 4.1 1.3 1.6 5.6

Two or More Housing Units..................................... 10.3 1.5 Q Q 0.5 0.7 Q

Do Not Use Hot Water............................................ 1.1 0.3 Q Q N Q Q

Main Water Heating Fuel

Electric.................................................................... 43.1 29.5 22.8 1.0 0.4 1.3 3.9

For One Housing Unit.......................................... 40.3 28.8 22.6 1.0 0.4 0.9 3.9

For Two or More Housing Units........................... 2.7 0.6 Q N Q 0.4 N

Natural Gas............................................................. 58.7 41.8 35.5 2.9 1.3 0.9 1.2

For One Housing Unit.......................................... 52.5 41.0 35.5 2.9 0.9 0.7 1.2

For Two or More Housing Units........................... 6.2 0.8 Q Q 0.4 0.3 N

Fuel Oil................................................................... 4.0 2.8 2.5 Q Q Q N

For One Housing Unit.......................................... 3.0 2.8 2.5 Q Q N N

For Two or More Housing Units........................... 1.1 QQQQQN

Propane/LPG.......................................................... 4.0 3.4 2.9 Q N N 0.5

Other....................................................................... 0.2 Q Q NNNN

Do Not Use Hot Water............................................ 1.1 0.3 Q Q N Q Q

Age of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Less than 2 Years............................................... 14.7 11.9 9.9 0.5 0.3 Q 0.9

2 to 4 Years......................................................... 18.6 15.4 13.0 0.8 0.2 0.3 1.1

5 to 9 Years......................................................... 25.5 21.5 17.8 1.0 0.4 Q 2.0

10 to 19 Years..................................................... 20.1 16.8 14.3 0.9 Q Q 1.1

20 Years or More................................................. 6.8 4.8 4.0 0.4 Q Q Q

Don't Know.......................................................... 12.0 5.0 3.9 0.3 Q Q 0.4

No Separate Water Heater.................................. 1.9 0.9 0.7 Q N Q N

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Less than 2 Years............................................... 0.3 Q N Q Q Q N

2 to 4 Years......................................................... 0.5 Q Q N Q Q N

5 to 9 Years......................................................... 0.5 0.2 QQQQN

10 to 19 Years..................................................... 0.6 Q Q N Q Q N

20 Years or More................................................. 0.6 Q N N N Q Q

Don't Know.......................................................... 4.4 0.4 Q N Q 0.2 N

No Separate Water Heater.................................. 3.4 0.4 N N Q Q N

Table HC3.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Owner-Occupied Housing Unit, 2005

 OwnerOccupied 

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit

U.S.

Housing 

Units 

(millions

Single-Family Units Apartments in 

Buildings With--

Water Heating Characteristics Detached Attached 2 to 4 

Units

5 or More 

Units

Mobile 

Homes

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Table HC3.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Owner-Occupied Housing Unit, 2005

 OwnerOccupied 

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit

U.S.

Housing 

Units 

(millions

Single-Family Units Apartments in 

Buildings With--

Water Heating Characteristics Detached Attached 2 to 4 

Units

5 or More 

Units

Mobile 

Homes

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Size of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Small (30 gallons or less).................................... 17.1 11.2 7.7 0.5 Q 0.7 2.1

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)................................... 52.4 40.6 34.2 2.4 0.7 0.5 2.8

Large (50 gallons or more).................................. 27.1 22.5 20.1 1.0 0.3 Q 0.7

Tankless water heater......................................... 1.1 1.0 0.9 Q Q N Q

No Separate Water Heater.................................. 1.9 0.9 0.7 Q N Q N

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Small (30 gallons or less).................................... 1.4 Q Q N Q Q Q

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)................................... 2.4 0.4 QQQQN

Large (50 gallons or more).................................. 2.8 0.6 Q Q 0.3 0.2 N

Tankless water heater......................................... 0.2 Q Q N N Q N

No Separate Water Heater.................................. 3.4 0.4 N N Q Q N

Other Water Heating

Hot Tubs or Spas.................................................. 6.7 6.5 6.2 Q N N Q

Electricity............................................................. 5.3 5.1 4.9 Q N N Q

Natural Gas......................................................... 1.2 1.2 1.2 NNNN

Swimming Pools................................................... 1.9 1.9 1.9 N N N N

Natural Gas......................................................... 1.2 1.2 1.2 NNNN

Electricity............................................................. 0.4 0.4 0.4 NNNN

Propane/LPG....................................................... 0.3 0.3 0.3 NNNN

Some Other Fuel................................................. Q Q Q NNNN

Electric Water Beds.............................................. 2.2 2.0 1.6 Q N Q Q

1.......................................................................... 1.9 1.7 1.4 Q N Q Q

2 or More............................................................. 0.3 0.3 Q N N N Q

Heaters Used all Year.................................... 1.7 1.6 1.3 Q N Q Q

1................................................................... 1.5 1.3 1.0 Q N Q Q

2 or More...................................................... 0.3 Q Q N N N Q

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Total........................................................................... 111.1 33.0 8.0 3.4 5.9 14.4 1.2

Number of Water Heaters

1.............................................................................. 106.3 31.9 7.9 3.4 5.8 13.7 1.1

2 or More................................................................. 3.7 0.4 QQQQN

Do Not Use Hot Water............................................ 1.1 0.7 Q Q Q 0.6 Q

Housing Units Served by Main Water Heater

One Housing Unit.................................................... 99.7 23.5 8.0 3.1 4.0 7.3 1.1

Two or More Housing Units..................................... 10.3 8.8 Q 0.3 1.8 6.6 Q

Do Not Use Hot Water............................................ 1.1 0.7 Q Q Q 0.6 Q

Main Water Heating Fuel

Electric.................................................................... 43.1 13.6 3.5 1.3 2.0 6.0 0.8

For One Housing Unit.......................................... 40.3 11.5 3.5 1.1 1.7 4.4 0.8

For Two or More Housing Units........................... 2.7 2.1 N Q 0.3 1.7 N

Natural Gas............................................................. 58.7 16.8 4.2 2.1 3.5 6.8 0.3

For One Housing Unit.......................................... 52.5 11.4 4.2 1.9 2.3 2.8 0.2

For Two or More Housing Units........................... 6.2 5.4 Q 0.2 1.2 4.0 Q

Fuel Oil................................................................... 4.0 1.2 Q Q 0.3 0.7 Q

For One Housing Unit.......................................... 3.0 0.2 QQQQQ

For Two or More Housing Units........................... 1.1 1.0 N N 0.3 0.7 N

Propane/LPG.......................................................... 4.0 0.6 Q Q Q 0.3 Q

Other....................................................................... 0.2 Q N N N Q N

Do Not Use Hot Water............................................ 1.1 0.7 Q Q Q 0.6 Q

Age of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Less than 2 Years............................................... 14.7 2.8 1.1 0.5 0.5 0.6 Q

2 to 4 Years......................................................... 18.6 3.2 1.3 0.2 0.6 1.0 Q

5 to 9 Years......................................................... 25.5 4.0 1.5 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.3

10 to 19 Years..................................................... 20.1 3.4 1.4 0.6 0.4 0.9 Q

20 Years or More................................................. 6.8 2.0 0.8 Q Q 0.7 Q

Don't Know.......................................................... 12.0 7.0 1.8 1.0 1.8 2.2 Q

No Separate Water Heater.................................. 1.9 1.0 Q Q Q 0.9 N

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Less than 2 Years............................................... 0.3 Q N N Q Q N

2 to 4 Years......................................................... 0.5 Q N Q Q Q N

5 to 9 Years......................................................... 0.5 0.3 QQQQN

10 to 19 Years..................................................... 0.6 0.4 N N Q Q N

20 Years or More................................................. 0.6 0.5 N N Q 0.4 N

Don't Know.......................................................... 4.4 4.1 N Q 0.9 3.0 N

No Separate Water Heater.................................. 3.4 3.1 N Q 0.4 2.5 Q

5 or More 

Units

Mobile 

Homes

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Table HC4.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Renter-Occupied Housing Unit, 2005

 RenterOccupied 

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Type of Renter-Occupied Housing Unit

U.S.

Housing 

Units 

(millions

Single-Family Units Apartments in 

Buildings With--

Water Heating Characteristics Detached Attached 2 to 4 

Units

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
5 or More 

Units

Mobile 

Homes

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Table HC4.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Renter-Occupied Housing Unit, 2005

 RenterOccupied 

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Type of Renter-Occupied Housing Unit

U.S.

Housing 

Units 

(millions

Single-Family Units Apartments in 

Buildings With--

Water Heating Characteristics Detached Attached 2 to 4 

Units

Size of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Small (30 gallons or less).................................... 17.1 5.9 1.5 0.5 1.0 2.4 0.5

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)................................... 52.4 11.7 4.3 1.9 2.1 3.0 0.5

Large (50 gallons or more).................................. 27.1 4.6 2.1 0.6 0.9 1.0 Q

Tankless water heater......................................... 1.1 QQQQQN

No Separate Water Heater.................................. 1.9 1.0 Q Q Q 0.9 N

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Small (30 gallons or less).................................... 1.4 1.3 N Q 0.2 1.0 N

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)................................... 2.4 2.1 N Q 0.6 1.4 N

Large (50 gallons or more).................................. 2.8 2.2 Q Q 0.6 1.6 N

Tankless water heater......................................... 0.2 0.1 N N Q Q N

No Separate Water Heater.................................. 3.4 3.1 N Q 0.4 2.5 Q

Other Water Heating

Hot Tubs or Spas.................................................. 6.7 Q Q Q N N Q

Electricity............................................................. 5.3 Q Q Q N N Q

Natural Gas......................................................... 1.2 Q Q NNNN

Swimming Pools................................................... 1.9 N N N N N N

Natural Gas......................................................... 1.2 NNNNNN

Electricity............................................................. 0.4 NNNNNN

Propane/LPG....................................................... 0.3 NNNNNN

Some Other Fuel................................................. Q NNNNNN

Electric Water Beds.............................................. 2.2 Q Q Q Q Q N

1.......................................................................... 1.9 QQQQQN

2 or More............................................................. 0.3 Q N N Q N N

Heaters Used all Year.................................... 1.7 Q Q Q Q Q N

1................................................................... 1.5 QQQQQN

2 or More...................................................... 0.3 Q N N Q N N

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Total....................................................................... 111.1 14.7 7.4 12.5 12.5 18.9 18.6 17.3 9.2

Number of Water Heaters

1......................................................................... 106.3 14.0 7.2 12.2 12.0 18.4 17.7 16.1 8.8

2 or More............................................................ 3.7 0.6 Q Q 0.3 0.3 0.7 1.1 0.4

Do Not Use Hot Water........................................ 1.1 QQQQQQQQ

Housing Units Served by Main Water Heater

One Housing Unit................................................ 99.7 12.7 6.4 11.4 10.8 16.3 17.0 16.5 8.8

Two or More Housing Units................................. 10.3 1.9 1.0 1.0 1.5 2.4 1.5 0.7 0.4

Do Not Use Hot Water........................................ 1.1 QQQQQQQQ

Main Water Heating Fuel

Electric................................................................ 43.1 4.0 1.4 3.8 4.1 8.6 8.6 8.5 4.0

For One Housing Unit...................................... 40.3 3.8 1.3 3.6 3.7 7.7 8.1 8.2 3.9

For Two or More Housing Units....................... 2.7 Q Q 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.4 Q

Natural Gas......................................................... 58.7 8.9 5.0 7.8 7.1 8.8 8.8 7.7 4.4

For One Housing Unit...................................... 52.5 7.7 4.4 7.2 6.3 7.5 7.9 7.3 4.1

For Two or More Housing Units....................... 6.2 1.2 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.3 0.9 0.4 0.3

Fuel Oil............................................................... 4.0 1.1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.3 Q

For One Housing Unit...................................... 3.0 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Q 0.3 Q

For Two or More Housing Units....................... 1.1 0.4 QQQQQNN

Propane/LPG...................................................... 4.0 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6

Other................................................................... 0.2 Q N N QQQQQ

Do Not Use Hot Water........................................ 1.1 QQQQQQQQ

Age of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Less than 2 Years........................................... 14.7 1.8 1.0 1.5 1.6 1.7 2.4 1.4 3.4

2 to 4 Years..................................................... 18.6 2.1 1.0 2.4 2.1 2.9 2.4 1.6 4.1

5 to 9 Years..................................................... 25.5 2.9 1.6 2.9 2.3 4.3 3.7 7.6 0.3

10 to 19 Years................................................. 20.1 2.6 1.5 2.1 2.3 2.9 4.4 4.4 Q

20 Years or More............................................. 6.8 1.1 0.5 1.3 0.9 1.5 1.4 Q N

Don't Know...................................................... 12.0 1.8 0.7 1.1 1.4 2.6 2.3 1.3 0.9

No Separate Water Heater.............................. 1.9 0.4 Q Q Q 0.5 0.4 Q Q

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Less than 2 Years........................................... 0.3 Q Q Q N Q N N N

2 to 4 Years..................................................... 0.5 QQQQQQNQ

5 to 9 Years..................................................... 0.5 Q N QQQQQN

10 to 19 Years................................................. 0.6 QQQQQQQN

20 Years or More............................................. 0.6 QQQQQQNN

Don't Know...................................................... 4.4 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.6 0.3 Q

No Separate Water Heater.............................. 3.4 0.5 Q 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.4 Q

Table HC5.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Year of Construction, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

2000 to 

2005

Year of Construction

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Before 

1940

1940 to 

1949

1950 to 

1959

1960 to 

Water Heating Characteristics 1969

1970 to 

1979

1980 to 

1989

1990 to 

1999

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Table HC5.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Year of Construction, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

2000 to 

2005

Year of Construction

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Before 

1940

1940 to 

1949

1950 to 

1959

1960 to 

Water Heating Characteristics 1969

1970 to 

1979

1980 to 

1989

1990 to 

1999

Size of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Small (30 gallons or less)................................ 17.1 2.2 1.3 1.8 2.0 3.2 3.1 2.5 1.0

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)............................... 52.4 6.9 3.6 6.7 5.9 8.3 8.8 8.5 3.7

Large (50 gallons or more).............................. 27.1 3.1 1.3 2.5 2.4 4.1 4.6 5.3 3.9

Tankless water heater..................................... 1.1 Q Q Q 0.3 QQQQ

No Separate Water Heater.............................. 1.9 0.4 Q Q Q 0.5 0.4 Q Q

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Small (30 gallons or less)................................ 1.4 0.4 Q Q Q 0.3 Q Q Q

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)............................... 2.4 0.5 Q 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.4 Q Q

Large (50 gallons or more).............................. 2.8 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.4 Q Q

Tankless water heater..................................... 0.2 Q Q N N Q N Q N

No Separate Water Heater.............................. 3.4 0.5 Q 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.4 Q

Other Water Heating

Hot Tubs or Spas.............................................. 6.7 0.6 Q 0.4 0.7 1.3 1.2 1.5 0.9

Electricity......................................................... 5.3 0.4 Q 0.4 0.6 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.6

Natural Gas..................................................... 1.2 Q N Q Q Q Q 0.3 0.3

Swimming Pools............................................... 1.9 Q Q Q Q 0.2 0.4 0.6 Q

Natural Gas..................................................... 1.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q 0.4 Q

Electricity......................................................... 0.4 N N N QQQQQ

Propane/LPG.................................................. 0.3 Q N QQQQQQ

Some Other Fuel............................................. Q Q NNNNNNN

Electric Water Beds.......................................... 2.2 Q Q 0.3 Q 0.4 0.4 0.4 Q

1...................................................................... 1.9 Q Q 0.3 Q 0.4 0.4 0.2 Q

2 or More......................................................... 0.3 N Q N QQQQN

Heaters Used all Year................................ 1.7 Q Q Q Q 0.3 0.3 0.4 Q

1............................................................... 1.5 Q Q Q Q 0.3 0.3 0.2 Q

2 or More................................................. 0.3 N Q N QQQQN

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Table HC6.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Number of Household Members, 2005

Total....................................................................... 111.1 30.0 34.8 18.4 15.9 12.0

Number of Water Heaters

1......................................................................... 106.3 28.8 33.4 17.4 15.3 11.4

2 or More............................................................ 3.7 0.6 1.1 0.8 0.5 0.6

Do Not Use Hot Water........................................ 1.1 0.6 0.3 Q Q Q

Housing Units Served by Main Water Heater

One Housing Unit................................................ 99.7 25.3 31.8 16.6 14.6 11.3

Two or More Housing Units................................. 10.3 4.2 2.7 1.6 1.2 0.6

Do Not Use Hot Water........................................ 1.1 0.6 0.3 Q Q Q

Main Water Heating Fuel

Electric................................................................ 43.1 12.7 13.7 7.2 5.4 3.9

For One Housing Unit...................................... 40.3 11.5 13.0 6.8 5.2 3.8

For Two or More Housing Units....................... 2.7 1.2 0.8 0.5 Q Q

Natural Gas......................................................... 58.7 15.3 17.6 9.6 9.0 7.1

For One Housing Unit...................................... 52.5 12.7 16.1 8.7 8.2 6.7

For Two or More Housing Units....................... 6.2 2.6 1.5 0.9 0.8 0.4

Fuel Oil............................................................... 4.0 0.8 1.4 0.8 0.6 0.5

For One Housing Unit...................................... 3.0 0.5 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.4

For Two or More Housing Units....................... 1.1 0.3 0.3 Q Q Q

Propane/LPG...................................................... 4.0 0.7 1.7 0.6 0.7 0.5

Other................................................................... 0.2 QQQQN

Do Not Use Hot Water........................................ 1.1 0.6 0.3 Q Q Q

Age of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Less than 2 Years........................................... 14.7 3.3 4.4 2.7 2.3 1.9

2 to 4 Years..................................................... 18.6 3.9 6.5 3.0 2.9 2.3

5 to 9 Years..................................................... 25.5 5.4 8.7 4.5 3.8 3.1

10 to 19 Years................................................. 20.1 6.0 6.5 3.5 2.8 1.3

20 Years or More............................................. 6.8 2.2 2.3 0.9 0.7 0.6

Don't Know...................................................... 12.0 3.8 2.6 1.9 1.8 1.9

No Separate Water Heater.............................. 1.9 0.6 0.7 0.2 Q Q

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Less than 2 Years........................................... 0.3 Q Q N Q N

2 to 4 Years..................................................... 0.5 QQQQQ

5 to 9 Years..................................................... 0.5 QQQQQ

10 to 19 Years................................................. 0.6 QQQQQ

20 Years or More............................................. 0.6 QQQQQ

Don't Know...................................................... 4.4 1.8 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.3

No Separate Water Heater.............................. 3.4 1.6 1.1 0.2 0.4 Q

Water Heating Characteristics

4

 Members

 Million U.S. Housing Units

5 or More 

Members

Number of Households With --

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

1

 Member

2

 Members

3

 Members

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Table HC6.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Number of Household Members, 2005

Water Heating Characteristics

4

 Members

 Million U.S. Housing Units

5 or More 

Members

Number of Households With --

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

1

 Member

2

 Members

3

 Members

Size of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Small (30 gallons or less)................................ 17.1 6.8 5.1 2.2 1.5 1.5

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)............................... 52.4 12.9 16.8 8.9 8.0 5.7

Large (50 gallons or more).............................. 27.1 4.7 8.8 5.0 4.8 3.8

Tankless water heater..................................... 1.1 Q 0.4 0.3 Q Q

No Separate Water Heater.............................. 1.9 0.6 0.7 0.2 Q Q

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Small (30 gallons or less)................................ 1.4 0.7 Q 0.3 Q Q

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)............................... 2.4 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.4 Q

Large (50 gallons or more).............................. 2.8 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.3 Q

Tankless water heater..................................... 0.2 QQQQQ

No Separate Water Heater.............................. 3.4 1.6 1.1 0.2 0.4 Q

Other Water Heating

Hot Tubs or Spas.............................................. 6.7 0.7 2.8 1.1 1.1 0.9

Electricity......................................................... 5.3 0.5 2.4 0.8 1.1 0.5

Natural Gas..................................................... 1.2 Q 0.4 0.3 Q 0.3

Swimming Pools............................................... 1.9 Q 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.3

Natural Gas..................................................... 1.2 Q 0.4 0.3 Q 0.3

Electricity......................................................... 0.4 N Q Q Q N

Propane/LPG.................................................. 0.3 N QQQQ

Some Other Fuel............................................. Q N N N Q N

Electric Water Beds.......................................... 2.2 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.4

1...................................................................... 1.9 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3

2 or More......................................................... 0.3 N Q Q N Q

Heaters Used all Year................................ 1.7 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.2 Q

1............................................................... 1.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.2 Q

2 or More................................................. 0.3 N Q Q N Q

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were 

sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Total.............................................................. 111.1 26.7 28.8 20.6 13.1 22.0 16.6 38.6

Number of Water Heaters

1................................................................. 106.3 25.8 28.0 19.6 12.7 20.2 16.0 37.3

2 or More.................................................... 3.7 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.4 1.7 Q 0.5

Do Not Use Hot Water................................ 1.1 0.6 0.3 Q N Q 0.5 0.8

Housing Units Served by Main Water Heater

One Housing Unit....................................... 99.7 21.8 25.5 19.0 12.5 21.0 13.3 32.3

Two or More Housing Units........................ 10.3 4.3 3.0 1.5 0.6 1.0 2.8 5.4

Do Not Use Hot Water................................ 1.1 0.6 0.3 Q N Q 0.5 0.8

Main Water Heating Fuel

Electric....................................................... 43.1 11.6 12.3 7.8 4.9 6.4 6.9 16.0

For One Housing Unit............................. 40.3 10.8 11.5 7.3 4.7 6.0 6.4 15.0

For Two or More Housing Units.............. 2.7 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 1.0

Natural Gas................................................ 58.7 12.6 14.2 11.3 7.0 13.6 8.0 18.9

For One Housing Unit............................. 52.5 9.8 12.4 10.6 6.7 13.1 6.1 15.4

For Two or More Housing Units.............. 6.2 2.8 1.8 0.7 0.3 0.5 1.9 3.5

Fuel Oil....................................................... 4.0 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.7 1.6

For One Housing Unit............................. 3.0 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.2 0.9

For Two or More Housing Units.............. 1.1 0.6 Q Q Q Q 0.5 0.7

Propane/LPG............................................. 4.0 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.6 1.2

Other.......................................................... 0.2 N Q Q Q QN N

Do Not Use Hot Water................................ 1.1 0.6 0.3 Q N Q 0.5 0.8

Age of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Less than 2 Years................................... 14.7 3.0 3.7 2.7 1.9 3.3 1.8 4.5

2 to 4 Years............................................ 18.6 3.7 4.5 4.0 2.0 4.5 2.3 5.4

5 to 9 Years............................................ 25.5 4.5 6.3 5.3 3.5 6.0 2.8 7.1

10 to 19 Years........................................ 20.1 4.0 5.0 4.0 2.7 4.3 2.1 5.8

20 Years or More.................................... 6.8 2.0 2.0 1.3 0.7 0.8 1.1 2.8

Don't Know............................................. 12.0 4.1 3.5 1.6 1.2 1.6 2.8 6.0

No Separate Water Heater..................... 1.9 0.5 0.5 Q 0.3 Q 0.4 0.8

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Less than 2 Years................................... 0.3 Q Q Q Q QQ Q

2 to 4 Years............................................ 0.5 Q Q Q Q NQ Q

5 to 9 Years............................................ 0.5 Q Q Q Q QQ Q

10 to 19 Years........................................ 0.6 Q Q Q Q Q Q 0.3

20 Years or More.................................... 0.6 0.4 0.2 N N Q 0.4 0.4

Don't Know............................................. 4.4 2.0 1.4 0.5 Q 0.4 1.3 2.7

No Separate Water Heater..................... 3.4 1.4 1.0 0.4 Q 0.4 0.8 1.6

Table HC7.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Household Income, 2005

Below 

Poverty 

Line

Eligible for 

Federal 

Assistance1

 Million U.S. Housing Units

$80,000 or 

More

2005 Household Income

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Less than 

$20,000

$20,000 to 

$39,999

$40,000 to 

Water Heating Characteristics $59,999

$60,000 to 

$79,999

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Table HC7.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Household Income, 2005

Below 

Poverty 

Line

Eligible for 

Federal 

Assistance1

 Million U.S. Housing Units

$80,000 or 

More

2005 Household Income

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Less than 

$20,000

$20,000 to 

$39,999

$40,000 to 

Water Heating Characteristics $59,999

$60,000 to 

$79,999

Size of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Small (30 gallons or less)....................... 17.1 6.5 5.2 2.7 1.5 1.3 3.8 8.1

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)...................... 52.4 11.0 13.4 11.0 6.6 10.3 6.7 16.7

Large (50 gallons or more)...................... 27.1 3.5 6.1 4.9 3.8 8.8 2.3 6.4

Tankless water heater............................ 1.1 0.2 0.3 Q 0.3 Q Q 0.4

No Separate Water Heater..................... 1.9 0.5 0.5 Q 0.3 Q 0.4 0.8

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Small (30 gallons or less)....................... 1.4 0.8 0.4 Q Q Q 0.6 1.1

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)...................... 2.4 1.0 0.9 0.3 Q Q 0.7 1.4

Large (50 gallons or more)...................... 2.8 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.8 1.3

Tankless water heater............................ 0.2 Q Q Q N Q Q Q

No Separate Water Heater..................... 3.4 1.4 1.0 0.4 Q 0.4 0.8 1.6

Other Water Heating

Hot Tubs or Spas...................................... 6.7 Q 0.8 1.3 1.1 3.4 Q 0.5

Electricity................................................ 5.3 Q 0.7 1.1 0.9 2.5 Q 0.4

Natural Gas............................................ 1.2 Q Q Q Q 0.8 Q Q

Swimming Pools...................................... 1.9 N Q Q 0.3 1.4 N Q

Natural Gas............................................ 1.2 N Q Q Q 1.0 N Q

Electricity................................................ 0.4 N N Q Q Q N N

Propane/LPG.......................................... 0.3 N N Q Q Q N Q

Some Other Fuel.................................... Q N N N Q N N N

Electric Water Beds.................................. 2.2 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.6

1............................................................. 1.9 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 Q 0.6

2 or More................................................ 0.3 Q N Q Q Q Q Q

Heaters Used all Year........................ 1.7 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 Q 0.5

1...................................................... 1.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 Q 0.5

2 or More......................................... 0.3 Q N Q Q Q Q Q

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Total............................................................................. 111.1 47.1 19.0 22.7 22.3

Number of Water Heaters

1............................................................................... 106.3 45.5 18.2 21.6 21.0

2 or More.................................................................. 3.7 1.0 0.6 0.9 1.1

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 0.6 Q Q Q

Housing Units Served by Main Water Heater

One Housing Unit..................................................... 99.7 39.4 17.4 21.0 21.8

Two or More Housing Units....................................... 10.3 7.1 1.4 1.5 Q

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 0.6 Q Q Q

Main Water Heating Fuel

Electric...................................................................... 43.1 16.4 6.6 6.0 14.0

For One Housing Unit............................................ 40.3 14.6 6.2 5.6 14.0

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 2.7 1.8 0.4 0.4 Q

Natural Gas.............................................................. 58.7 28.2 11.2 15.3 3.9

For One Housing Unit............................................ 52.5 24.0 10.3 14.3 3.9

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 6.2 4.2 0.9 1.1 Q

Fuel Oil..................................................................... 4.0 1.4 0.7 0.9 1.0

For One Housing Unit............................................ 3.0 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.9

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 1.1 0.9 Q N Q

Propane/LPG............................................................ 4.0 0.5 0.2 0.3 3.0

Other........................................................................ 0.2 QQQQ

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 0.6 Q Q Q

Age of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Less than 2 Years................................................. 14.7 5.6 2.6 3.4 3.1

2 to 4 Years........................................................... 18.6 6.8 3.3 4.0 4.5

5 to 9 Years........................................................... 25.5 9.3 4.6 5.4 6.3

10 to 19 Years....................................................... 20.1 7.5 3.2 5.0 4.5

20 Years or More.................................................. 6.8 3.0 1.3 1.0 1.6

Don't Know............................................................ 12.0 6.3 2.3 1.8 1.6

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 1.9 1.0 Q Q 0.3

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Less than 2 Years................................................. 0.3 QQQQ

2 to 4 Years........................................................... 0.5 0.3 Q Q N

5 to 9 Years........................................................... 0.5 0.3 Q Q N

10 to 19 Years....................................................... 0.6 0.4 Q Q Q

20 Years or More.................................................. 0.6 0.5 Q Q Q

Don't Know............................................................ 4.4 2.9 0.7 0.8 Q

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 3.4 2.5 0.5 0.4 Q

Table HC8.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Urban/Rural Location, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Housing

Units 

Water Heating Characteristics (millions)

Urban/Rural Location

(as Self-Reported)

City Town Surburbs Rural

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Table HC8.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Urban/Rural Location, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Housing

Units 

Water Heating Characteristics (millions)

Urban/Rural Location

(as Self-Reported)

City Town Surburbs Rural

Size of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Small (30 gallons or less)...................................... 17.1 7.4 3.5 2.1 4.1

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)..................................... 52.4 21.2 8.9 11.1 11.1

Large (50 gallons or more).................................... 27.1 9.6 4.3 7.2 6.1

Tankless water heater........................................... 1.1 0.3 0.4 Q Q

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 1.9 1.0 Q Q 0.3

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Small (30 gallons or less)...................................... 1.4 1.0 Q 0.3 Q

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)..................................... 2.4 1.5 0.4 0.4 Q

Large (50 gallons or more).................................... 2.8 1.9 0.4 0.4 Q

Tankless water heater........................................... 0.2 0.2 N N Q

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 3.4 2.5 0.5 0.4 Q

Other Water Heating

Hot Tubs or Spas.................................................... 6.7 1.7 1.2 2.2 1.6

Electricity.............................................................. 5.3 1.3 1.0 1.6 1.4

Natural Gas........................................................... 1.2 0.3 Q 0.5 Q

Swimming Pools..................................................... 1.9 0.5 Q 0.9 0.4

Natural Gas........................................................... 1.2 0.5 Q 0.5 Q

Electricity.............................................................. 0.4 QQQQ

Propane/LPG........................................................ 0.3 N Q Q Q

Some Other Fuel................................................... Q N Q N N

Electric Water Beds................................................ 2.2 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.7

1............................................................................ 1.9 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.6

2 or More............................................................... 0.3 QQQQ

Heaters Used all Year...................................... 1.7 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5

1.................................................................... 1.5 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.5

2 or More....................................................... 0.3 QQQQ

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households

were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Table HC9.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Climate Zone, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Total........................................................................... 111.1 10.9 26.1 27.3 24.0 22.8

Number of Water Heaters

1.............................................................................. 106.3 10.3 25.2 26.2 23.0 21.7

2 or More................................................................. 3.7 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.1

Do Not Use Hot Water............................................ 1.1 0.3 0.2 0.5 Q Q

Housing Units Served by Main Water Heater

One Housing Unit.................................................... 99.7 10.1 22.9 23.0 22.0 21.7

Two or More Housing Units..................................... 10.3 0.5 2.9 3.8 1.9 1.1

Do Not Use Hot Water............................................ 1.1 0.3 0.2 0.5 Q Q

Main Water Heating Fuel

Electric.................................................................... 43.1 3.4 6.7 10.2 8.7 14.1

For One Housing Unit.......................................... 40.3 3.3 6.1 9.4 8.0 13.4

For Two or More Housing Units........................... 2.7 Q 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7

Natural Gas............................................................. 58.7 5.5 16.7 14.2 14.2 8.1

For One Housing Unit.......................................... 52.5 5.2 14.6 12.0 13.1 7.6

For Two or More Housing Units........................... 6.2 0.4 2.1 2.2 1.1 0.4

Fuel Oil................................................................... 4.0 Q 1.6 1.7 N N

For One Housing Unit.......................................... 3.0 Q 1.4 0.9 N N

For Two or More Housing Units........................... 1.1 Q 0.2 0.8 N N

Propane/LPG.......................................................... 4.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.5

Other....................................................................... 0.2 Q Q N Q Q

Do Not Use Hot Water............................................ 1.1 0.3 0.2 0.5 Q Q

Age of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Less than 2 Years............................................... 14.7 1.5 3.7 2.4 3.6 3.4

2 to 4 Years......................................................... 18.6 1.8 3.9 3.9 4.3 4.6

5 to 9 Years......................................................... 25.5 2.7 5.5 6.3 5.6 5.5

10 to 19 Years..................................................... 20.1 2.5 4.4 5.0 4.7 3.6

20 Years or More................................................. 6.8 0.6 1.8 1.6 1.2 1.7

Don't Know.......................................................... 12.0 0.8 3.2 3.0 2.4 2.6

No Separate Water Heater.................................. 1.9 Q 0.4 0.8 0.3 0.3

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Less than 2 Years............................................... 0.3 N Q Q Q N

2 to 4 Years......................................................... 0.5 Q Q Q Q Q

5 to 9 Years......................................................... 0.5 Q Q Q Q Q

10 to 19 Years..................................................... 0.6 Q 0.2 Q Q Q

20 Years or More................................................. 0.6 Q Q Q 0.2 Q

Don't Know.......................................................... 4.4 0.3 1.4 1.9 0.4 0.4

No Separate Water Heater.................................. 3.4 Q 0.8 1.4 0.8 0.3

Water Heating Characteristics

Climate Zone1

2,000 CDD 

or More

and Less 

than 4,000 

HDD

Less than 2,000 CDD and --

Less than 

4,000 HDD

Greater than 

7,000 HDD

5,500 to 

7,000 HDD

4,000 to 

5,499 HDD

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Table HC9.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Climate Zone, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Water Heating Characteristics

Climate Zone1

2,000 CDD 

or More

and Less 

than 4,000 

HDD

Less than 2,000 CDD and --

Less than 

4,000 HDD

Greater than 

7,000 HDD

5,500 to 

7,000 HDD

4,000 to 

5,499 HDD

Housing 

Units 

(millions)

Size of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Small (30 gallons or less).................................... 17.1 1.3 3.1 3.5 3.7 5.5

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)................................... 52.4 5.3 13.3 11.7 11.9 10.2

Large (50 gallons or more).................................. 27.1 3.1 5.8 6.8 6.0 5.5

Tankless water heater......................................... 1.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 Q Q

No Separate Water Heater.................................. 1.9 Q 0.4 0.8 0.3 0.3

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Small (30 gallons or less).................................... 1.4 Q 0.3 0.6 Q Q

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)................................... 2.4 Q 0.8 1.0 0.3 0.3

Large (50 gallons or more).................................. 2.8 Q 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.3

Tankless water heater......................................... 0.2 Q Q Q N N

No Separate Water Heater.................................. 3.4 Q 0.8 1.4 0.8 0.3

Other Water Heating

Hot Tubs or Spas.................................................. 6.7 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.6

Electricity............................................................. 5.3 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2

Natural Gas......................................................... 1.2 Q Q Q 0.6 0.3

Swimming Pools................................................... 1.9 Q Q 0.4 0.5 0.7

Natural Gas......................................................... 1.2 Q Q Q 0.4 0.4

Electricity............................................................. 0.4 N N Q Q Q

Propane/LPG....................................................... 0.3 Q Q Q Q Q

Some Other Fuel................................................. Q N Q N N N

Electric Water Beds.............................................. 2.2 0.3 0.7 0.5 Q 0.5

1.......................................................................... 1.9 0.2 0.7 0.4 Q 0.4

2 or More............................................................. 0.3 Q Q Q Q Q

Heaters Used all Year.................................... 1.7 0.2 0.7 0.4 Q Q

1................................................................... 1.5 Q 0.6 0.4 Q Q

2 or More...................................................... 0.3 Q Q Q Q Q

 1. One of five climatically distinct areas, determined according to the 30-year average (1971-2000) of the annual heating and cooling 

degree-days. A household is assigned to a climate zone according to the 30-year average annual degree-days for an appropriate nearby 

weather station.

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were 

sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Total............................................................................. 111.1 20.6 25.6 40.7 24.2

Number of Water Heaters

1............................................................................... 106.3 19.6 24.5 39.0 23.2

2 or More.................................................................. 3.7 0.3 0.9 1.5 1.0

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 0.7 Q Q Q

Housing Units Served by Main Water Heater

One Housing Unit..................................................... 99.7 16.1 23.5 38.2 21.9

Two or More Housing Units....................................... 10.3 3.7 1.9 2.4 2.3

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 0.7 Q Q Q

Main Water Heating Fuel

Electric...................................................................... 43.1 4.1 7.3 25.5 6.1

For One Housing Unit............................................ 40.3 3.6 6.9 24.5 5.2

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 2.7 0.5 0.4 1.0 0.9

Natural Gas.............................................................. 58.7 11.2 16.9 13.8 16.7

For One Housing Unit............................................ 52.5 9.0 15.4 12.6 15.4

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 6.2 2.2 1.5 1.2 1.3

Fuel Oil..................................................................... 4.0 3.9 N Q N

For One Housing Unit............................................ 3.0 2.9 N Q N

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 1.1 1.0 N Q N

Propane/LPG............................................................ 4.0 0.6 1.2 1.0 1.2

Other........................................................................ 0.2 QQQQ

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 0.7 Q Q Q

Age of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Less than 2 Years................................................. 14.7 2.3 3.1 5.6 3.7

2 to 4 Years........................................................... 18.6 2.5 4.2 7.7 4.1

5 to 9 Years........................................................... 25.5 3.6 6.6 9.7 5.7

10 to 19 Years....................................................... 20.1 3.3 5.3 7.4 4.2

20 Years or More.................................................. 6.8 1.6 1.3 2.6 1.2

Don't Know............................................................ 12.0 1.9 2.7 4.6 2.8

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 1.9 0.9 0.3 0.5 Q

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Less than 2 Years................................................. 0.3 Q Q N Q

2 to 4 Years........................................................... 0.5 0.3 Q Q Q

5 to 9 Years........................................................... 0.5 QQQQ

10 to 19 Years....................................................... 0.6 QQQQ

20 Years or More.................................................. 0.6 Q Q Q 0.2

Don't Know............................................................ 4.4 1.7 1.1 1.0 0.6

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 3.4 1.1 0.5 0.9 1.0

Housing

Units 

(millions)

Table HC10.8 Water Heating Characteristics by U.S. Census Region, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Water Heating Characteristics

U.S. Census Region

Northeast Midwest South West

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Housing

Units 

(millions)

Table HC10.8 Water Heating Characteristics by U.S. Census Region, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Water Heating Characteristics

U.S. Census Region

Northeast Midwest South West

Size of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Small (30 gallons or less)...................................... 17.1 2.0 3.5 8.5 3.2

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)..................................... 52.4 8.9 13.1 19.7 10.7

Large (50 gallons or more).................................... 27.1 3.6 6.5 9.3 7.7

Tankless water heater........................................... 1.1 0.7 Q Q Q

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 1.9 0.9 0.3 0.5 Q

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Small (30 gallons or less)...................................... 1.4 0.6 Q 0.3 0.3

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)..................................... 2.4 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.3

Large (50 gallons or more).................................... 2.8 0.9 0.7 0.4 0.7

Tankless water heater........................................... 0.2 0.2 N N N

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 3.4 1.1 0.5 0.9 1.0

Other Water Heating

Hot Tubs or Spas.................................................... 6.7 1.0 1.3 2.1 2.2

Electricity.............................................................. 5.3 0.8 1.3 1.7 1.5

Natural Gas........................................................... 1.2 Q Q 0.3 0.6

Swimming Pools..................................................... 1.9 0.3 Q 0.7 0.7

Natural Gas........................................................... 1.2 Q Q 0.4 0.5

Electricity.............................................................. 0.4 Q N Q Q

Propane/LPG........................................................ 0.3 QQQQ

Some Other Fuel................................................... Q Q N N N

Electric Water Beds................................................ 2.2 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.4

1............................................................................ 1.9 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.4

2 or More............................................................... 0.3 N Q Q Q

Heaters Used all Year...................................... 1.7 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.3

1.................................................................... 1.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3

2 or More....................................................... 0.3 N Q Q N

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households

were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Total............................................................................. 111.1 20.6 15.1 5.5

Number of Water Heaters

1............................................................................... 106.3 19.6 14.4 5.2

2 or More.................................................................. 3.7 0.3 Q Q

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 0.7 0.6 Q

Housing Units Served by Main Water Heater

One Housing Unit..................................................... 99.7 16.1 11.7 4.5

Two or More Housing Units....................................... 10.3 3.7 2.9 0.8

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 0.7 0.6 Q

Main Water Heating Fuel

Electric...................................................................... 43.1 4.1 2.7 1.4

For One Housing Unit............................................ 40.3 3.6 2.4 1.2

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 2.7 0.5 Q 0.2

Natural Gas.............................................................. 58.7 11.2 8.9 2.3

For One Housing Unit............................................ 52.5 9.0 7.1 1.9

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 6.2 2.2 1.8 0.4

Fuel Oil..................................................................... 4.0 3.9 2.5 1.4

For One Housing Unit............................................ 3.0 2.9 1.7 1.2

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.2

Propane/LPG............................................................ 4.0 0.6 0.5 0.2

Other........................................................................ 0.2 Q N Q

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 0.7 0.6 Q

Age of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Less than 2 Years................................................. 14.7 2.3 1.7 0.6

2 to 4 Years........................................................... 18.6 2.5 1.8 0.7

5 to 9 Years........................................................... 25.5 3.6 2.7 0.9

10 to 19 Years....................................................... 20.1 3.3 2.3 1.0

20 Years or More.................................................. 6.8 1.6 1.2 0.4

Don't Know............................................................ 12.0 1.9 1.3 0.7

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 1.9 0.9 0.7 0.2

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Less than 2 Years................................................. 0.3 Q Q Q

2 to 4 Years........................................................... 0.5 0.3 Q Q

5 to 9 Years........................................................... 0.5 Q Q Q

10 to 19 Years....................................................... 0.6 Q Q Q

20 Years or More.................................................. 0.6 Q Q Q

Don't Know............................................................ 4.4 1.7 1.3 0.4

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 3.4 1.1 0.9 0.2

Table HC11.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Northeast Census Region, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Water Heating Characteristics Middle Atlantic New England

Northeast Census Region

U.S.

Housing

Units

(millions)

Census Division

Total

Northeast

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Table HC11.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Northeast Census Region, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Water Heating Characteristics Middle Atlantic New England

Northeast Census Region

U.S.

Housing

Units

(millions)

Census Division

Total

Northeast

Size of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Small (30 gallons or less)...................................... 17.1 2.0 1.5 0.5

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)..................................... 52.4 8.9 6.4 2.5

Large (50 gallons or more).................................... 27.1 3.6 2.7 1.0

Tankless water heater........................................... 1.1 0.7 0.3 0.4

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 1.9 0.9 0.7 0.2

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Small (30 gallons or less)...................................... 1.4 0.6 0.5 Q

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)..................................... 2.4 0.8 0.6 0.3

Large (50 gallons or more).................................... 2.8 0.9 0.7 0.2

Tankless water heater........................................... 0.2 0.2 Q Q

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 3.4 1.1 0.9 0.2

Other Water Heating

Hot Tubs or Spas.................................................... 6.7 1.0 0.8 0.2

Electricity.............................................................. 5.3 0.8 0.6 0.2

Natural Gas........................................................... 1.2 Q Q Q

Swimming Pools..................................................... 1.9 0.3 Q Q

Natural Gas........................................................... 1.2 Q Q N

Electricity.............................................................. 0.4 Q Q N

Propane/LPG........................................................ 0.3 Q Q Q

Some Other Fuel................................................... Q Q N Q

Electric Water Beds................................................ 2.2 0.4 Q Q

1............................................................................ 1.9 0.4 Q Q

2 or More............................................................... 0.3 N N N

Heaters Used all Year...................................... 1.7 0.3 Q Q

1.................................................................... 1.5 0.3 Q Q

2 or More....................................................... 0.3 N N N

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were 

sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Total............................................................................. 111.1 25.6 17.7 7.9

Number of Water Heaters

1............................................................................... 106.3 24.5 17.1 7.4

2 or More.................................................................. 3.7 0.9 0.5 0.4

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 Q Q Q

Housing Units Served by Main Water Heater

One Housing Unit..................................................... 99.7 23.5 16.2 7.3

Two or More Housing Units....................................... 10.3 1.9 1.4 0.5

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 Q Q Q

Main Water Heating Fuel

Electric...................................................................... 43.1 7.3 5.1 2.2

For One Housing Unit............................................ 40.3 6.9 4.8 2.1

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 2.7 0.4 0.3 Q

Natural Gas.............................................................. 58.7 16.9 11.9 5.1

For One Housing Unit............................................ 52.5 15.4 10.8 4.6

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 6.2 1.5 1.1 0.4

Fuel Oil..................................................................... 4.0 N N N

For One Housing Unit............................................ 3.0 N N N

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 1.1 N N N

Propane/LPG............................................................ 4.0 1.2 0.7 0.5

Other........................................................................ 0.2 Q Q N

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 Q Q Q

Age of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Less than 2 Years................................................. 14.7 3.1 2.0 1.2

2 to 4 Years........................................................... 18.6 4.2 3.0 1.2

5 to 9 Years........................................................... 25.5 6.6 4.5 2.1

10 to 19 Years....................................................... 20.1 5.3 3.7 1.6

20 Years or More.................................................. 6.8 1.3 1.1 0.2

Don't Know............................................................ 12.0 2.7 1.8 0.9

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 1.9 0.3 Q Q

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Less than 2 Years................................................. 0.3 Q Q N

2 to 4 Years........................................................... 0.5 Q Q Q

5 to 9 Years........................................................... 0.5 Q Q N

10 to 19 Years....................................................... 0.6 Q Q N

20 Years or More.................................................. 0.6 Q N Q

Don't Know............................................................ 4.4 1.1 0.8 0.3

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 3.4 0.5 Q Q

Table HC12.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Midwest Census Region, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Water Heating Characteristics East North Central West North Central

Midwest Census Region

U.S.

Housing

Units

(millions)

Census Division

Total

Midwest

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Table HC12.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Midwest Census Region, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Water Heating Characteristics East North Central West North Central

Midwest Census Region

U.S.

Housing

Units

(millions)

Census Division

Total

Midwest

Size of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Small (30 gallons or less)...................................... 17.1 3.5 2.1 1.4

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)..................................... 52.4 13.1 9.3 3.8

Large (50 gallons or more).................................... 27.1 6.5 4.5 2.0

Tankless water heater........................................... 1.1 Q Q Q

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 1.9 0.3 Q Q

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Small (30 gallons or less)...................................... 1.4 Q Q Q

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)..................................... 2.4 0.5 0.4 Q

Large (50 gallons or more).................................... 2.8 0.7 0.6 Q

Tankless water heater........................................... 0.2 N N N

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 3.4 0.5 Q Q

Other Water Heating

Hot Tubs or Spas.................................................... 6.7 1.3 0.9 0.4

Electricity.............................................................. 5.3 1.3 0.9 0.4

Natural Gas........................................................... 1.2 Q Q Q

Swimming Pools..................................................... 1.9 Q Q Q

Natural Gas........................................................... 1.2 Q Q Q

Electricity.............................................................. 0.4 N N N

Propane/LPG........................................................ 0.3 Q N Q

Some Other Fuel................................................... Q N N N

Electric Water Beds................................................ 2.2 0.7 0.6 Q

1............................................................................ 1.9 0.6 0.5 Q

2 or More............................................................... 0.3 Q Q N

Heaters Used all Year...................................... 1.7 0.6 0.5 Q

1.................................................................... 1.5 0.4 0.4 Q

2 or More....................................................... 0.3 Q Q N

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were 

sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Total............................................................................. 111.1 40.7 21.7 6.9 12.1

Number of Water Heaters

1............................................................................... 106.3 39.0 21.1 6.6 11.3

2 or More.................................................................. 3.7 1.5 0.5 0.3 0.7

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 Q Q N Q

Housing Units Served by Main Water Heater

One Housing Unit..................................................... 99.7 38.2 20.2 6.7 11.3

Two or More Housing Units....................................... 10.3 2.4 1.5 0.2 0.7

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 Q Q N Q

Main Water Heating Fuel

Electric...................................................................... 43.1 25.5 15.6 4.7 5.2

For One Housing Unit............................................ 40.3 24.5 15.0 4.6 4.9

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 2.7 1.0 0.6 Q 0.3

Natural Gas.............................................................. 58.7 13.8 5.5 2.0 6.4

For One Housing Unit............................................ 52.5 12.6 4.7 1.8 6.1

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 6.2 1.2 0.8 Q 0.3

Fuel Oil..................................................................... 4.0 Q Q N N

For One Housing Unit............................................ 3.0 Q Q N N

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 1.1 Q Q N N

Propane/LPG............................................................ 4.0 1.0 0.4 Q 0.4

Other........................................................................ 0.2 Q N Q N

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 Q Q N Q

Age of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Less than 2 Years................................................. 14.7 5.6 2.8 1.1 1.7

2 to 4 Years........................................................... 18.6 7.7 3.7 1.6 2.4

5 to 9 Years........................................................... 25.5 9.7 5.7 1.6 2.5

10 to 19 Years....................................................... 20.1 7.4 4.1 1.4 1.9

20 Years or More.................................................. 6.8 2.6 1.2 0.3 1.1

Don't Know............................................................ 12.0 4.6 2.4 0.5 1.7

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 1.9 0.5 Q Q Q

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Less than 2 Years................................................. 0.3 NNNN

2 to 4 Years........................................................... 0.5 Q Q N N

5 to 9 Years........................................................... 0.5 Q Q N Q

10 to 19 Years....................................................... 0.6 Q Q N N

20 Years or More.................................................. 0.6 Q Q N Q

Don't Know............................................................ 4.4 1.0 0.6 Q 0.3

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 3.4 0.9 0.6 Q Q

Total 

South

Table HC13.8 Water Heating Characteristics by South Census Region, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Water Heating Characteristics South Atlantic East South 

Central

West South 

Central

South Census Region

U.S.

Housing

Units

(millions)

Census Division

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Total 

South

Table HC13.8 Water Heating Characteristics by South Census Region, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Water Heating Characteristics South Atlantic East South 

Central

West South 

Central

South Census Region

U.S.

Housing

Units

(millions)

Census Division

Size of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Small (30 gallons or less)...................................... 17.1 8.5 4.9 1.2 2.3

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)..................................... 52.4 19.7 10.1 3.9 5.7

Large (50 gallons or more).................................... 27.1 9.3 4.8 1.5 3.1

Tankless water heater........................................... 1.1 Q Q N Q

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 1.9 0.5 Q Q Q

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Small (30 gallons or less)...................................... 1.4 0.3 Q N Q

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)..................................... 2.4 0.8 0.6 N Q

Large (50 gallons or more).................................... 2.8 0.4 Q Q Q

Tankless water heater........................................... 0.2 NNNN

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 3.4 0.9 0.6 Q Q

Other Water Heating

Hot Tubs or Spas.................................................... 6.7 2.1 1.2 0.2 0.7

Electricity.............................................................. 5.3 1.7 1.1 Q 0.4

Natural Gas........................................................... 1.2 0.3 Q Q Q

Swimming Pools..................................................... 1.9 0.7 0.5 Q Q

Natural Gas........................................................... 1.2 0.4 Q Q Q

Electricity.............................................................. 0.4 Q Q N Q

Propane/LPG........................................................ 0.3 Q Q N N

Some Other Fuel................................................... Q NNNN

Electric Water Beds................................................ 2.2 0.7 Q Q 0.4

1............................................................................ 1.9 0.6 Q Q 0.3

2 or More............................................................... 0.3 QQQQ

Heaters Used all Year...................................... 1.7 0.5 Q Q Q

1.................................................................... 1.5 0.4 Q Q Q

2 or More....................................................... 0.3 QQQQ

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households

were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Total............................................................................. 111.1 24.2 7.6 16.6

Number of Water Heaters

1............................................................................... 106.3 23.2 7.1 16.1

2 or More.................................................................. 3.7 1.0 0.4 0.6

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 Q Q N

Housing Units Served by Main Water Heater

One Housing Unit..................................................... 99.7 21.9 7.1 14.8

Two or More Housing Units....................................... 10.3 2.3 0.4 1.9

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 Q Q N

Main Water Heating Fuel

Electric...................................................................... 43.1 6.1 1.9 4.2

For One Housing Unit............................................ 40.3 5.2 1.8 3.4

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 2.7 0.9 Q 0.8

Natural Gas.............................................................. 58.7 16.7 4.9 11.7

For One Housing Unit............................................ 52.5 15.4 4.7 10.7

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 6.2 1.3 0.2 1.0

Fuel Oil..................................................................... 4.0 N N N

For One Housing Unit............................................ 3.0 N N N

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 1.1 N N N

Propane/LPG............................................................ 4.0 1.2 0.6 0.6

Other........................................................................ 0.2 Q Q Q

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 Q Q N

Age of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Less than 2 Years................................................. 14.7 3.7 1.4 2.3

2 to 4 Years........................................................... 18.6 4.1 1.4 2.7

5 to 9 Years........................................................... 25.5 5.7 2.0 3.7

10 to 19 Years....................................................... 20.1 4.2 1.4 2.8

20 Years or More.................................................. 6.8 1.2 0.3 1.0

Don't Know............................................................ 12.0 2.8 0.7 2.1

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 1.9 Q Q Q

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Less than 2 Years................................................. 0.3 Q N Q

2 to 4 Years........................................................... 0.5 Q Q Q

5 to 9 Years........................................................... 0.5 Q Q Q

10 to 19 Years....................................................... 0.6 Q Q Q

20 Years or More.................................................. 0.6 0.2 Q Q

Don't Know............................................................ 4.4 0.6 Q 0.6

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 3.4 1.0 Q 0.8

Table HC14.8 Water Heating Characteristics by West Census Region, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Water Heating Characteristics Mountain Pacific

West Census Region

U.S.

Housing

Units

(millions)

Census Division

Total

West

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Table HC14.8 Water Heating Characteristics by West Census Region, 2005

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Water Heating Characteristics Mountain Pacific

West Census Region

U.S.

Housing

Units

(millions)

Census Division

Total

West

Size of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Small (30 gallons or less)...................................... 17.1 3.2 1.0 2.2

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)..................................... 52.4 10.7 3.7 7.0

Large (50 gallons or more).................................... 27.1 7.7 2.4 5.3

Tankless water heater........................................... 1.1 Q Q Q

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 1.9 Q Q Q

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Small (30 gallons or less)...................................... 1.4 0.3 Q Q

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)..................................... 2.4 0.3 Q 0.3

Large (50 gallons or more).................................... 2.8 0.7 Q 0.6

Tankless water heater........................................... 0.2 N N N

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 3.4 1.0 Q 0.8

Other Water Heating

Hot Tubs or Spas.................................................... 6.7 2.2 0.6 1.7

Electricity.............................................................. 5.3 1.5 0.4 1.1

Natural Gas........................................................... 1.2 0.6 Q 0.5

Swimming Pools..................................................... 1.9 0.7 Q 0.5

Natural Gas........................................................... 1.2 0.5 Q 0.4

Electricity.............................................................. 0.4 Q N Q

Propane/LPG........................................................ 0.3 Q N Q

Some Other Fuel................................................... Q N N N

Electric Water Beds................................................ 2.2 0.4 0.2 Q

1............................................................................ 1.9 0.4 0.2 Q

2 or More............................................................... 0.3 Q N Q

Heaters Used all Year...................................... 1.7 0.3 Q Q

1.................................................................... 1.5 0.3 Q Q

2 or More....................................................... 0.3 N N N

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were 

sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Table HC15.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Four Most Populated States, 2005

Total............................................................................. 111.1 7.1 7.0 8.0 12.1

Number of Water Heaters

1............................................................................... 106.3 6.5 6.9 7.4 11.7

2 or More.................................................................. 3.7 Q Q 0.5 0.4

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 0.5 N Q N

Housing Units Served by Main Water Heater

One Housing Unit..................................................... 99.7 4.3 6.8 7.4 10.6

Two or More Housing Units....................................... 10.3 2.3 Q 0.5 1.5

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 0.5 N Q N

Main Water Heating Fuel

Electric...................................................................... 43.1 0.8 6.3 3.4 1.3

For One Housing Unit............................................ 40.3 0.5 6.1 3.2 0.8

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 2.7 Q Q Q 0.5

Natural Gas.............................................................. 58.7 3.9 0.7 4.3 10.3

For One Housing Unit............................................ 52.5 2.5 0.6 4.0 9.4

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 6.2 1.4 Q Q 0.9

Fuel Oil..................................................................... 4.0 1.7 N N N

For One Housing Unit............................................ 3.0 Q N N N

For Two or More Housing Units............................. 1.1 0.7 N N N

Propane/LPG............................................................ 4.0 0.4 Q Q 0.5

Other........................................................................ 0.2 N N N Q

Do Not Use Hot Water.............................................. 1.1 0.5 N Q N

Age of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Less than 2 Years................................................. 14.7 0.7 1.0 1.1 1.6

2 to 4 Years........................................................... 18.6 0.8 1.5 1.6 2.1

5 to 9 Years........................................................... 25.5 0.6 1.9 1.7 2.5

10 to 19 Years....................................................... 20.1 0.7 0.9 1.1 2.0

20 Years or More.................................................. 6.8 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.6

Don't Know............................................................ 12.0 0.7 0.8 1.2 1.6

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 1.9 QQQQ

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Less than 2 Years................................................. 0.3 Q N N Q

2 to 4 Years........................................................... 0.5 Q Q N Q

5 to 9 Years........................................................... 0.5 QQQQ

10 to 19 Years....................................................... 0.6 Q Q N Q

20 Years or More.................................................. 0.6 Q N Q Q

Don't Know............................................................ 4.4 1.1 Q Q 0.4

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 3.4 0.9 Q Q 0.7

Housing

Units 

(millions)

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Water Heating Characteristics

Four Most Populated States

New York Florida Texas California

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables
Table HC15.8 Water Heating Characteristics by Four Most Populated States, 2005

Housing

Units 

(millions)

 Million U.S. Housing Units

Water Heating Characteristics

Four Most Populated States

New York Florida Texas California

Size of Main Water Heater

Used by One Housing Unit

Small (30 gallons or less)...................................... 17.1 0.6 2.2 1.4 1.6

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)..................................... 52.4 2.2 3.0 3.5 5.4

Large (50 gallons or more).................................... 27.1 0.9 1.3 2.3 3.4

Tankless water heater........................................... 1.1 QQQQ

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 1.9 QQQQ

Used by Two or More Housing Units

Small (30 gallons or less)...................................... 1.4 0.4 N Q Q

Medium (31 to 49 gallons)..................................... 2.4 0.5 Q Q Q

Large (50 gallons or more).................................... 2.8 0.5 Q Q 0.5

Tankless water heater........................................... 0.2 Q N N N

No Separate Water Heater.................................... 3.4 0.9 Q Q 0.7

Other Water Heating

Hot Tubs or Spas.................................................... 6.7 Q 0.7 0.5 1.2

Electricity.............................................................. 5.3 Q 0.6 0.3 0.7

Natural Gas........................................................... 1.2 Q Q Q 0.5

Swimming Pools..................................................... 1.9 Q 0.4 Q 0.4

Natural Gas........................................................... 1.2 N Q Q 0.3

Electricity.............................................................. 0.4 QQQQ

Propane/LPG........................................................ 0.3 Q Q N Q

Some Other Fuel................................................... Q NNNN

Electric Water Beds................................................ 2.2 Q Q 0.3 Q

1............................................................................ 1.9 QQQQ

2 or More............................................................... 0.3 N Q Q Q

Heaters Used all Year...................................... 1.7 Q Q Q Q

1.................................................................... 1.5 Q N Q Q

2 or More....................................................... 0.3 N Q Q N

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households

were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Glossary for definition of terms used in these tables.

 Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 2005 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Preliminary Housing Characterisics Tables