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1997 Housing Characteristics Tables

Space Heating Tables

(Percent of U.S. Households; 24 pages, 85 kb)

Contents Pages

HC3-1b. Space Heating by Climate Zone, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 2

HC3-2b. Space Heating by Year of Construction, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 2

HC3-3b. Space Heating by Household Income, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 2

HC3-4b. Space Heating by Type of Housing Unit, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 2

HC3-5b. Space Heating by Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 2 

HC3-6b. Space Heating by Type of Rented Housing Unit, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 2 

HC3-7b. Space Heating by Four Most Populated States, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 2 

HC3-8b. Space Heating by Urban/Rural Location, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 2 

HC3-9b. Space Heating by Northeast Census Region, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 2

HC3-10b. Space Heating by Midwest Census Region, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 2 

HC3-11b. Space Heating by South Census Region, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 2 

HC3-12b. Space Heating by West Census Region, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 2

These data are from the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) which provides information on the use of

energy in residential housing units in the United States. The RECS is a national statistical survey that collects data for

occupied primary housing units. RECS was first conducted in 1978; the sixth and most recent survey was conducted in

1997 RECS. The data were collected from a sample of 5,900 housing units statistically selected to represent the 101.5

million units in the United States. The 1997 data are available for the four Census regions, the nine Census divisions,

and for the four most populous States--California, Florida, New York, and Texas.

Data provided here are in the public domain and may be reproduced without permission. Appropriate credit would be

appreciated. A suggested citation is “U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, “A Look at

Residential Energy Consumption in 1997.”

Electronic Products and Services

Users can view and download selected pages or entire reports, search for information, download data and analysis

applications, and find out about new information products and services.

Contact: Robert Latta, Survey Manager (rlatta@eia.doe.gov)

World Wide Web: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/consumption 
Table HC3-1b. Space Heating by Climate Zone, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Climate Zone1

RSE

Row

Factors

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

2,000 CDD

or More

and Fewer

than

4,000 HDD

More than

7,000 HDD

5,500 to

7,000 HDD

4,000 to

5,499 HDD

Fewer than

4,000 HDD

0.5 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0

Total ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Main Heating Fuel and

Equipment

 Natural Gas ................................... 52.7 52.8 66.8 44.1 54.5 42.0 6.1

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 37.8 41.6 51.7 30.2 34.9 29.0 7.2

 For One Housing Unit ............... 36.5 39.3 49.1 29.2 34.4 28.5 7.4

 For Two or More Units .............. 1.3 Q 2.5 Q Q Q 15.3

 Steam or Hot-Water System ....... 7.2 9.2 12.8 10.9 Q 1.0 16.0

 For One Housing Unit ............... 5.0 6.8 8.8 7.0 Q Q 15.6

 For Two or More Units .............. 2.2 2.3 3.9 3.9 Q Q 20.6

 Floor, Wall, or 

 Pipeless Furnace ........................ 4.0 Q Q 1.9 12.3 4.2 19.1

 Room Heater/Other .................... 3.7 Q 1.5 1.1 6.4 7.7 22.6

 Electricity ...................................... 29.2 11.8 15.3 30.1 33.6 49.1 9.2

 Built-In Electric Units ................... 7.3 7.5 8.5 9.1 7.1 4.2 19.0

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 10.6 2.4 4.1 7.8 11.1 24.6 18.8

 For One Housing Unit ............... 10.1 2.2 3.6 7.6 10.8 23.4 19.3

 For Two or More Units .............. 0.5 Q Q Q Q 1.2 44.5

 Heat Pump .................................. 9.5 Q 1.8 11.9 12.7 17.5 17.9

 Other ........................................... 1.7 Q 0.9 1.3 2.6 2.8 22.2

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 9.3 20.2 10.8 18.8 1.1 Q 16.9

 Steam or Hot-Water System ....... 5.1 7.0 5.6 13.2 Q Q 18.8

 For One Housing Unit ............... 3.3 5.9 4.7 6.7 Q Q 20.6

 For Two or More Units .............. 1.8 Q 0.9 6.5 Q Q 18.7

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 3.7 12.7 4.3 5.3 Q Q 19.8

 Other ........................................... 0.4 Q 0.9 Q Q Q 32.0

 Wood ............................................ 2.2 6.1 1.4 2.1 2.6 1.2 24.2

 Heating Stove ............................. 1.5 4.0 1.1 1.1 2.1 Q 23.3

 Other ........................................... 0.7 2.0 Q Q Q Q 33.6

 LPG ............................................... 4.5 5.7 4.5 3.7 5.9 3.8 26.5

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 3.1 3.9 4.2 2.8 3.1 1.7 27.7

 Room Heater .............................. 0.9 Q Q Q 2.0 1.7 37.6

 Other ........................................... 0.5 1.4 Q Q 0.8 Q 30.2

 Kerosene ...................................... 1.0 Q 0.6 0.5 1.6 Q 28.5

 Other ............................................. 0.4 Q 0.7 0.7 Q Q 47.9

 None ............................................. 0.8 Q Q Q Q 2.8 27.3

Amount of Heat Provided

by Main Heating Equipment

 All or Almost All ............................. 91.9 89.9 94.5 92.1 90.8 90.2 1.2

 About Three-Fourths ..................... 4.2 5.3 3.8 4.5 4.5 3.5 16.6

 Closer to One-Half ........................ 3.2 4.8 1.6 3.2 4.2 3.5 16.3

 No Main Equipment ...................... 0.8 Q Q Q Q 2.8 27.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:00 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-1b. Space Heating by Climate Zone, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Climate Zone1

RSE

Row

Factors

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

2,000 CDD

or More

and Fewer

than

4,000 HDD

More than

7,000 HDD

5,500 to

7,000 HDD

4,000 to

5,499 HDD

Fewer than

4,000 HDD

0.5 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0

Age of Main

Heating Equipment

 Less than 2 Years ......................... 8.6 9.6 7.6 7.3 8.7 10.5 10.6

 2 to 4 Years .................................. 12.0 13.4 10.9 11.2 12.8 12.6 8.7

 5 to 9 Years .................................. 19.6 21.2 18.2 17.3 19.0 23.5 7.2

 10 to 19 Years .............................. 24.7 22.3 22.2 25.1 25.6 27.5 6.1

 20 Years or More .......................... 25.6 25.6 30.6 27.3 29.2 14.4 5.6

 Don’t Know ................................... 8.8 7.8 10.4 11.6 4.1 8.6 14.3

 No Main Equipment ...................... 0.8 Q Q Q Q 2.8 27.3

Secondary Heating Fuel and

Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 No ................................................. 66.2 57.7 69.0 64.2 64.8 69.6 2.9

 Yes ................................................ 33.8 42.3 31.0 35.8 35.2 30.4 5.6

 Natural Gas ................................. 4.8 5.3 5.2 3.0 4.7 6.2 18.3

 Fireplace ................................... 2.5 3.0 3.0 1.3 2.3 3.0 25.4

 Room Heater ............................ 1.4 Q 1.2 Q 1.4 2.0 24.3

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........ 0.4 Q Q Q Q Q 40.6

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.8 Q 0.7 Q 1.2 1.0 30.0

 Electricity .................................... 15.5 19.0 14.7 17.2 13.8 14.8 8.4

 Portable Heater ......................... 12.1 15.3 11.3 13.6 11.1 11.3 8.2

 Built-in Electric Units ................. 2.6 4.1 2.9 2.9 1.6 2.5 22.8

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.7 Q Q 0.8 0.9 1.1 33.2

 Fuel Oil ....................................... 0.5 1.4 0.4 0.9 Q Q 28.5

 Wood .......................................... 12.8 16.5 10.2 13.6 14.8 11.8 9.5

 Fireplace ................................... 9.6 6.7 7.1 9.8 12.8 10.9 10.5

 Heating Stove ........................... 3.3 9.8 3.4 3.8 2.2 1.0 20.6

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.3 Q Q Q Q Q 45.5

 LPG ............................................. 1.3 2.3 0.8 1.3 1.8 1.1 28.4

 Kerosene .................................... 2.5 1.9 2.4 3.5 3.4 1.2 19.5

 Other ........................................... 0.3 Q Q Q Q Q 44.7

Estimated Heated Floorspace

Category (square feet)2

 Fewer than 600 ............................. 7.8 5.5 7.0 8.9 10.3 6.3 11.2

 600 to 999 .................................... 21.2 22.7 22.1 20.4 22.4 19.1 6.9

 1,000 to 1,599 .............................. 29.9 33.2 27.4 26.5 33.5 32.0 5.7

 1,600 to 1,999 .............................. 15.1 15.5 16.6 14.6 13.5 14.7 8.4

 2,000 to 2,399 .............................. 7.8 6.3 7.9 7.6 7.5 8.7 10.2

 2,400 to 2,999 .............................. 5.3 5.1 6.1 4.9 4.8 5.0 14.2

 3,000 or More .............................. 4.1 4.5 4.3 2.9 2.9 5.8 18.9

 No Estimate Provided ................... 9.0 7.3 8.6 14.2 5.1 8.4 13.6

1 One of five climatically distinct areas, determined according to the 30-year average (1961-1990) of the annual heating and cooling degree-days. For this

report, the heating or cooling degree-days are a measure of how cold or how hot a location is over a period of one year, relative to a base temperature of 65

degrees Fahrenheit. A household is assigned to a climate zone according to the 30-year average annual degree-days for an appropriate nearby weather station. 2 Estimates provided by the household interview respondents, who were asked which category best described the total heated floorspace in the home.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals.

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:00 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-2b. Space Heating by Year of Construction, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Year of Construction

RSE

Row

Factors

1990

 to

19971

1980

to

1989

1970

to

1979

1960

to

1969

1950

to

1959

1949

or

Before

0.5 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.9

Total ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Main Heating Fuel and

Equipment

 Natural Gas ................................... 52.7 48.3 36.0 41.3 57.7 64.5 64.7 4.8

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 37.8 47.2 33.3 33.4 42.2 42.5 36.0 6.2

 For One Housing Unit ............... 36.5 46.4 33.0 32.6 40.6 41.2 33.7 6.3

 For Two or More Units .............. 1.3 Q Q Q 1.6 Q 2.4 23.9

 Steam or Hot-Water System ....... 7.2 Q 1.3 4.4 6.2 6.8 15.8 16.4

 For One Housing Unit ............... 5.0 Q 1.2 2.7 4.0 5.4 10.7 19.8

 For Two or More Units .............. 2.2 Q Q 1.7 2.2 Q 5.1 22.5

 Floor, Wall, or 

 Pipeless Furnace ........................ 4.0 Q Q 2.1 4.8 9.1 6.0 18.1

 Room Heater/Other .................... 3.7 Q 0.8 1.4 4.4 6.1 6.9 21.2

 Electricity ...................................... 29.2 39.9 53.5 43.3 23.8 17.9 8.2 7.3

 Built-In Electric Units ................... 7.3 4.5 9.4 13.2 7.8 5.4 3.6 16.0

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 10.6 15.7 21.8 16.1 7.6 4.9 2.0 14.1

 For One Housing Unit ............... 10.1 15.7 20.8 15.1 7.3 4.4 1.9 14.5

 For Two or More Units .............. 0.5 Q 1.0 1.0 Q Q Q 40.6

 Heat Pump .................................. 9.5 19.1 21.3 12.4 6.1 4.4 1.0 16.4

 Other ........................................... 1.7 Q 1.1 1.6 2.2 3.2 1.7 21.7

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 9.3 2.7 3.2 5.1 10.2 11.4 17.0 14.4

 Steam or Hot-Water System ....... 5.1 1.3 1.4 2.6 5.3 6.4 10.0 19.5

 For One Housing Unit ............... 3.3 1.3 1.2 1.8 3.9 4.4 5.7 19.9

 For Two or More Units .............. 1.8 Q Q Q 1.3 2.0 4.3 26.0

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 3.7 Q 1.6 2.3 4.4 4.5 6.3 19.8

 Other ........................................... 0.4 Q Q Q Q Q 0.7 34.5

 Wood ............................................ 2.2 Q 2.1 2.5 2.4 1.3 2.5 21.7

 Heating Stove ............................. 1.5 Q 1.4 1.7 1.9 1.0 1.6 23.3

 Other ........................................... 0.7 Q Q Q Q Q 0.9 38.1

 LPG ............................................... 4.5 5.8 3.8 4.9 3.9 3.8 4.9 17.2

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 3.1 5.3 3.4 3.7 2.2 1.6 2.9 22.2

 Room Heater .............................. 0.9 Q Q 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.2 28.7

 Other ........................................... 0.5 Q Q Q Q Q 0.9 33.4

 Kerosene ...................................... 1.0 Q 0.8 1.3 Q Q 1.2 30.1

 Other ............................................. 0.4 Q Q Q Q Q Q 57.0

 None ............................................. 0.8 Q Q 0.9 Q Q 0.9 35.9

Amount of Heat Provided

by Main Heating Equipment

 All or Almost All ............................. 91.9 91.4 93.7 91.9 92.0 92.0 90.9 1.1

 About Three-Fourths ..................... 4.2 4.2 3.0 4.4 4.1 3.9 4.8 18.7

 Closer to One-Half ........................ 3.2 3.5 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.4 17.0

 No Main Equipment ...................... 0.8 Q Q 0.9 Q Q 0.9 35.9

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 9:17:26 AM on 11/8/99
Table HC3-2b. Space Heating by Year of Construction, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Year of Construction

RSE

Row

Factors

1990

 to

19971

1980

to

1989

1970

to

1979

1960

to

1969

1950

to

1959

1949

or

Before

0.5 1.5 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.9

Age of Main

Heating Equipment

 Less than 2 Years ......................... 8.6 26.3 4.6 7.4 9.2 6.8 6.2 10.3

 2 to 4 Years .................................. 12.0 35.0 4.6 9.9 10.7 12.3 10.4 8.5

 5 to 9 Years .................................. 19.6 34.8 34.9 12.4 14.9 16.5 13.6 7.1

 10 to 19 Years .............................. 24.7 Q 49.2 29.9 16.7 20.0 20.4 5.9

 20 Years or More .......................... 25.6 Q Q 29.3 39.4 35.1 36.0 5.0

 Don’t Know ................................... 8.8 1.7 6.1 10.3 8.3 8.5 12.4 13.5

 No Main Equipment ...................... 0.8 Q Q 0.9 Q Q 0.9 35.9

Secondary Heating Fuel and

Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 No ................................................. 66.2 66.0 64.2 68.0 65.2 66.9 66.6 2.8

 Yes ................................................ 33.8 34.0 35.8 32.0 34.8 33.1 33.4 5.4

 Natural Gas ................................. 4.8 8.3 4.4 2.9 4.2 7.6 4.4 16.1

 Fireplace ................................... 2.5 7.9 3.6 1.8 1.7 2.2 1.0 24.5

 Room Heater ............................ 1.4 Q Q Q 1.5 3.8 1.9 24.0

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........ 0.4 Q Q Q Q Q Q 40.3

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.8 Q Q Q Q 1.7 1.3 28.9

 Electricity .................................... 15.5 9.3 14.4 13.3 17.2 16.4 18.5 8.3

 Portable Heater ......................... 12.1 6.2 11.2 9.0 14.1 13.9 15.1 9.3

 Built-in Electric Units ................. 2.6 2.2 2.9 2.2 2.4 2.3 3.2 21.3

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.7 Q Q 1.9 Q Q 0.5 35.3

 Fuel Oil ....................................... 0.5 Q Q Q Q Q 1.0 27.7

 Wood .......................................... 12.8 15.2 19.2 15.1 12.6 9.6 7.8 9.5

 Fireplace ................................... 9.6 12.3 16.3 11.1 9.6 7.4 4.5 11.4

 Heating Stove ........................... 3.3 2.9 2.8 4.4 3.2 2.4 3.6 18.2

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.3 Q Q Q Q Q Q 45.1

 LPG ............................................. 1.3 Q 1.5 1.7 1.2 Q 1.0 25.8

 Kerosene .................................... 2.5 Q 2.1 2.5 1.9 2.0 3.9 20.2

 Other ........................................... 0.3 Q Q Q Q Q Q 44.3

Estimated Heated Floorspace

Category (square feet)2

 Fewer than 600 ............................. 7.8 5.2 6.3 7.8 8.7 6.2 9.8 12.5

 600 to 999 .................................... 21.2 11.6 16.8 26.6 22.2 21.1 22.9 7.8

 1,000 to 1,599 .............................. 29.9 31.3 30.2 24.9 31.5 37.6 28.5 6.1

 1,600 to 1,999 .............................. 15.1 15.0 17.2 14.8 14.9 15.9 13.7 7.9

 2,000 to 2,399 .............................. 7.8 9.5 8.0 9.6 7.2 6.5 6.6 11.2

 2,400 to 2,999 .............................. 5.3 9.3 9.6 5.5 3.7 2.4 3.0 15.5

 3,000 or More .............................. 4.1 13.0 4.4 3.8 2.2 2.0 2.9 19.6

 No Estimate Provided ................... 9.0 5.2 7.6 6.9 9.4 8.4 12.7 12.7

1 New construction for 1997 includes only those housing units built and occupied between January and the April-August period when the household interviews were

conducted. 2 Estimates provided by the household interview respondents, who were asked which category best described the total heated floorspace in the home.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 9:17:26 AM on 11/8/99
Table HC3-3b. Space Heating by Household Income, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1997 Household Income

Below Poverty

Line

Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factors

Less

than

$10,000

$10,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

0.6 1.4 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.3 0.9

Total ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Main Heating Fuel and

Equipment

 Natural Gas ................................... 52.7 46.8 50.6 53.4 56.9 49.0 49.2 4.0

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 37.8 21.6 32.5 41.6 46.8 23.6 27.2 5.6

 For One Housing Unit ............... 36.5 19.9 30.7 40.4 46.1 22.5 25.4 5.8

 For Two or More Units .............. 1.3 1.8 1.9 1.2 0.7 Q 1.8 21.8

 Steam or Hot-Water System ....... 7.2 9.1 6.6 6.4 7.7 8.7 8.2 12.1

 For One Housing Unit ............... 5.0 4.9 4.1 4.2 6.8 4.5 4.9 15.0

 For Two or More Units .............. 2.2 4.3 2.5 2.2 0.9 4.2 3.3 20.4

 Floor, Wall, or 

 Pipeless Furnace ........................ 4.0 7.0 5.6 3.7 1.3 7.5 6.7 14.8

 Room Heater/Other .................... 3.7 9.0 5.8 1.7 1.2 9.1 7.2 15.9

 Electricity ...................................... 29.2 33.2 31.1 27.2 27.4 30.1 30.6 5.9

 Built-In Electric Units ................... 7.3 12.2 9.0 6.5 4.2 9.4 9.5 12.1

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 10.6 11.3 11.9 10.3 9.1 11.9 11.0 11.2

 For One Housing Unit ............... 10.1 10.6 11.2 9.7 9.0 11.4 10.3 11.4

 For Two or More Units .............. 0.5 Q 0.7 Q Q Q 0.7 37.1

 Heat Pump .................................. 9.5 6.4 7.9 9.2 13.1 5.3 7.1 14.1

 Other ........................................... 1.7 3.3 2.3 1.3 0.9 3.5 2.9 17.8

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 9.3 9.5 8.2 9.8 9.9 9.1 9.6 10.6

 Steam or Hot-Water System ....... 5.1 6.4 4.4 4.8 5.7 6.1 5.6 12.2

 For One Housing Unit ............... 3.3 1.4 2.4 3.3 5.2 1.6 2.1 18.1

 For Two or More Units .............. 1.8 5.0 2.0 1.4 Q 4.5 3.5 13.0

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 3.7 2.6 3.1 4.6 4.0 2.1 3.1 17.4

 Other ........................................... 0.4 Q 0.7 Q Q Q 0.9 26.0

 Wood ............................................ 2.2 2.1 2.6 2.0 1.8 2.1 2.4 18.2

 Heating Stove ............................. 1.5 2.1 1.8 1.2 1.2 1.9 1.8 20.4

 Other ........................................... 0.7 Q 0.8 0.8 0.6 Q 0.6 33.1

 LPG ............................................... 4.5 4.5 5.0 5.6 2.8 4.8 4.8 14.9

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 3.1 2.0 3.4 4.0 2.3 2.1 2.7 20.0

 Room Heater .............................. 0.9 1.5 1.1 1.0 Q 1.7 1.3 24.3

 Other ........................................... 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.7 Q 1.0 0.8 26.1

 Kerosene ...................................... 1.0 1.7 1.2 1.1 Q 2.0 1.3 23.6

 Other ............................................. 0.4 Q Q 0.4 Q Q 0.5 48.2

 None ............................................. 0.8 1.2 1.2 0.4 Q 2.2 1.6 26.0

Amount of Heat Provided

by Main Heating Equipment

 All or Almost All ............................. 91.9 94.1 92.0 92.4 90.3 91.4 91.9 0.8

 About Three-Fourths ..................... 4.2 1.7 3.3 4.2 6.3 2.3 3.0 14.2

 Closer to One-Half ........................ 3.2 3.1 3.6 3.0 3.0 4.2 3.5 14.0

 No Main Equipment ...................... 0.8 1.2 1.2 0.4 Q 2.2 1.6 26.0

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 9:16:57 AM on 11/8/99
Table HC3-3b. Space Heating by Household Income, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1997 Household Income

Below Poverty

Line

Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factors

Less

than

$10,000

$10,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

0.6 1.4 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.3 0.9

Age of Main

Heating Equipment

 Less than 2 Years ......................... 8.6 6.8 7.7 9.7 9.0 7.4 7.3 9.1

 2 to 4 Years .................................. 12.0 11.0 10.3 11.8 14.3 10.9 10.8 7.6

 5 to 9 Years .................................. 19.6 14.6 16.2 19.8 25.3 16.0 15.8 6.4

 10 to 19 Years .............................. 24.7 22.6 23.5 24.7 26.9 20.1 22.2 5.4

 20 Years or More .......................... 25.6 26.8 30.4 25.7 20.0 25.8 28.8 4.9

 Don’t Know ................................... 8.8 17.0 10.7 7.8 4.1 17.6 13.5 9.0

 No Main Equipment ...................... 0.8 1.2 1.2 0.4 Q 2.2 1.6 26.0

Secondary Heating Fuel and

Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 No ................................................. 66.2 80.7 73.4 65.3 52.9 77.6 75.5 1.9

 Yes ................................................ 33.8 19.3 26.6 34.7 47.1 22.4 24.5 4.5

 Natural Gas ................................. 4.8 4.2 3.2 4.5 7.2 3.3 3.8 14.8

 Fireplace ................................... 2.5 Q 0.9 2.4 4.6 Q 1.0 23.3

 Room Heater ............................ 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.1 1.6 25.0

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........ 0.4 Q Q Q 0.9 Q Q 31.1

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.6 Q 1.1 1.1 25.7

 Electricity .................................... 15.5 10.7 13.2 15.7 19.9 12.2 11.8 7.1

 Portable Heater ......................... 12.1 9.8 10.9 12.1 14.5 11.0 10.1 7.4

 Built-in Electric Units ................. 2.6 Q 1.7 2.6 4.6 Q 1.3 18.0

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.7 Q 0.6 1.0 Q Q 0.6 30.2

 Fuel Oil ....................................... 0.5 Q 0.5 Q 0.9 Q 0.4 29.6

 Wood .......................................... 12.8 3.1 7.6 13.2 22.3 5.2 6.5 9.9

 Fireplace ................................... 9.6 2.3 5.6 9.4 17.3 3.7 4.6 11.9

 Heating Stove ........................... 3.3 Q 2.0 3.9 5.2 1.5 2.0 16.8

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.3 Q Q Q Q Q Q 37.9

 LPG ............................................. 1.3 Q 1.0 1.4 1.7 Q 1.0 25.4

 Kerosene .................................... 2.5 1.6 3.2 2.7 2.1 2.6 2.9 15.4

 Other ........................................... 0.3 Q Q Q 0.7 Q Q 32.1

Estimated Heated Floorspace

Category (square feet)2

 Fewer than 600 ............................. 7.8 21.4 10.8 5.2 0.9 18.5 14.2 10.4

 600 to 999 .................................... 21.2 32.6 29.4 19.2 9.3 31.2 29.8 6.0

 1,000 to 1,599 .............................. 29.9 20.9 33.4 34.7 25.2 25.1 29.0 5.0

 1,600 to 1,999 .............................. 15.1 4.6 10.9 17.3 21.9 6.2 8.1 7.6

 2,000 to 2,399 .............................. 7.8 1.7 4.0 8.0 14.3 1.9 3.2 12.7

 2,400 to 2,999 .............................. 5.3 Q 1.1 4.5 12.3 1.3 1.4 17.2

 3,000 or More .............................. 4.1 Q 1.1 2.9 10.0 Q 1.1 19.4

 No Estimate Provided ................... 9.0 16.6 9.3 8.1 6.0 14.9 13.0 10.1

1 Below 150 percent of poverty line or 60 percent of median State income. 2 Estimates provided by the household interview respondents, who were asked which category best described the total heated floorspace in the home.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 9:16:57 AM on 11/8/99
Table HC3-4b. Space Heating by Type of Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Type of Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.5 0.6 1.7 1.2 1.4

Total ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Main Heating Fuel and

Equipment

 Natural Gas ................................... 52.7 57.6 61.3 34.6 33.3 6.0

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 37.8 43.9 27.7 15.7 31.1 8.3

 For One Housing Unit ............... 36.5 43.1 23.4 12.5 30.9 9.0

 For Two or More Units .............. 1.3 0.8 4.3 3.3 Q 21.3

 Steam or Hot-Water System ....... 7.2 5.8 19.9 12.0 Q 12.3

 For One Housing Unit ............... 5.0 5.2 11.0 3.4 Q 17.1

 For Two or More Units .............. 2.2 0.5 8.8 8.6 Q 18.5

 Floor, Wall, or 

 Pipeless Furnace ........................ 4.0 4.0 6.7 4.6 Q 16.3

 Room Heater/Other .................... 3.7 4.0 7.0 2.3 Q 18.5

 Electricity ...................................... 29.2 24.0 28.9 49.9 37.3 7.3

 Built-In Electric Units ................... 7.3 5.3 12.2 17.8 Q 13.6

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 10.6 7.2 10.7 20.3 24.7 12.9

 For One Housing Unit ............... 10.1 7.2 10.0 17.5 24.7 13.2

 For Two or More Units .............. 0.5 Q Q 2.7 Q 35.0

 Heat Pump .................................. 9.5 10.2 3.8 9.5 7.3 17.8

 Other ........................................... 1.7 1.3 2.2 2.3 4.5 20.7

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 9.3 9.6 8.1 11.3 Q 13.5

 Steam or Hot-Water System ....... 5.1 4.6 5.7 9.6 Q 14.6

 For One Housing Unit ............... 3.3 4.3 Q Q Q 17.8

 For Two or More Units .............. 1.8 0.2 4.0 9.1 Q 20.7

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 3.7 4.6 2.4 1.3 Q 22.6

 Other ........................................... 0.4 0.5 Q Q Q 35.8

 Wood ............................................ 2.2 2.6 Q Q 4.3 20.5

 Heating Stove ............................. 1.5 1.7 Q Q 3.7 21.1

 Other ........................................... 0.7 0.8 Q Q Q 36.5

 LPG ............................................... 4.5 4.8 Q Q 15.7 16.6

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 3.1 3.2 Q Q 12.3 19.5

 Room Heater .............................. 0.9 1.0 Q Q Q 29.0

 Other ........................................... 0.5 0.6 Q Q Q 33.9

 Kerosene ...................................... 1.0 0.7 Q Q 5.9 25.7

 Other ............................................. 0.4 0.2 Q 1.4 Q 49.1

 None ............................................. 0.8 0.5 Q 2.0 Q 37.2

Amount of Heat Provided

by Main Heating Equipment

 All or Almost All ............................. 91.9 90.8 96.9 95.1 91.9 0.9

 About Three-Fourths ..................... 4.2 5.1 Q Q 2.7 16.8

 Closer to One-Half ........................ 3.2 3.5 Q 1.7 3.8 19.4

 No Main Equipment ...................... 0.8 0.5 Q 2.0 Q 37.2

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:19 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-4b. Space Heating by Type of Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Type of Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.5 0.6 1.7 1.2 1.4

Age of Main

Heating Equipment

 Less than 2 Years ......................... 8.6 9.2 4.9 3.9 16.0 11.6

 2 to 4 Years .................................. 12.0 13.0 8.0 7.0 16.2 9.1

 5 to 9 Years .................................. 19.6 21.0 15.1 14.2 20.2 8.5

 10 to 19 Years .............................. 24.7 26.3 17.5 19.0 25.8 6.9

 20 Years or More .......................... 25.6 25.3 27.9 30.3 15.5 6.9

 Don’t Know ................................... 8.8 4.6 26.7 23.7 4.7 11.7

 No Main Equipment ...................... 0.8 0.5 Q 2.0 Q 37.2

Secondary Heating Fuel and

Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 No ................................................. 66.2 59.4 82.9 90.3 71.4 2.2

 Yes ................................................ 33.8 40.6 17.1 9.7 28.6 6.9

 Natural Gas ................................. 4.8 6.3 Q Q Q 15.5

 Fireplace ................................... 2.5 3.4 Q Q Q 23.1

 Room Heater ............................ 1.4 1.9 Q Q Q 26.7

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........ 0.4 0.5 Q Q Q 37.5

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.8 0.8 Q Q Q 33.1

 Electricity .................................... 15.5 17.3 12.5 7.5 17.3 9.2

 Portable Heater ......................... 12.1 13.2 9.4 6.9 14.8 9.7

 Built-in Electric Units ................. 2.6 3.3 Q Q Q 20.5

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.7 0.7 Q Q Q 35.9

 Fuel Oil ....................................... 0.5 0.6 Q Q Q 30.8

 Wood .......................................... 12.8 16.6 Q 1.3 6.3 12.5

 Fireplace ................................... 9.6 12.4 Q 1.3 5.2 14.0

 Heating Stove ........................... 3.3 4.5 Q Q Q 17.3

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.3 0.5 Q Q Q 42.0

 LPG ............................................. 1.3 1.6 Q Q 2.3 25.2

 Kerosene .................................... 2.5 3.1 Q Q 3.6 16.9

 Other ........................................... 0.3 0.4 Q Q Q 40.7

Estimated Heated Floorspace

Category (square feet)1

 Fewer than 600 ............................. 7.8 2.6 23.6 23.4 14.4 10.2

 600 to 999 .................................... 21.2 12.9 40.4 45.4 40.3 5.5

 1,000 to 1,599 .............................. 29.9 34.0 15.3 16.5 29.1 7.2

 1,600 to 1,999 .............................. 15.1 19.5 Q 2.2 6.6 9.7

 2,000 to 2,399 .............................. 7.8 10.4 Q Q Q 9.3

 2,400 to 2,999 .............................. 5.3 7.1 Q Q Q 12.7

 3,000 or More .............................. 4.1 5.5 Q Q Q 18.3

 No Estimate Provided ................... 9.0 8.0 16.5 11.7 7.0 12.3

1 Estimates provided by the household interview respondents, who were asked which category best described the total heated floorspace in the home.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to

totals. • Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption

Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:19 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-5b. Space Heating by Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

OwnerOccupied

Units

Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.4 0.5 2.4 1.9 1.1

Total ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Main Heating Fuel and

Equipment

 Natural Gas ................................... 55.2 57.0 81.9 29.7 35.1 8.0

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 43.5 45.2 38.4 Q 32.5 8.9

 For One Housing Unit ............... 42.8 44.5 34.6 Q 32.2 9.2

 For Two or More Units .............. 0.7 0.7 Q Q Q 50.9

 Steam or Hot-Water System ....... 6.0 6.0 33.4 Q Q 14.8

 For One Housing Unit ............... 5.2 5.6 Q Q Q 20.6

 For Two or More Units .............. 0.8 0.4 Q Q Q 45.1

 Floor, Wall, or 

 Pipeless Furnace ........................ 2.7 2.8 Q Q Q 34.9

 Room Heater/Other .................... 3.0 3.2 Q Q Q 35.9

 Electricity ...................................... 25.3 23.9 Q 49.7 38.5 10.9

 Built-In Electric Units ................... 4.9 4.9 Q 22.4 Q 23.2

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 8.8 7.3 Q Q 25.8 18.2

 For One Housing Unit ............... 8.7 7.3 Q Q 25.8 18.2

 For Two or More Units .............. Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Heat Pump .................................. 10.3 10.6 Q Q 7.7 23.2

 Other ........................................... 1.3 1.1 Q Q 4.5 36.1

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 9.6 10.3 Q 15.7 Q 18.0

 Steam or Hot-Water System ....... 4.7 4.9 Q 15.7 Q 19.2

 For One Housing Unit ............... 4.3 4.7 Q Q Q 21.9

 For Two or More Units .............. 0.4 Q Q 14.4 Q 24.2

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 4.6 5.0 Q Q Q 28.4

 Other ........................................... 0.4 0.4 Q Q Q 64.9

 Wood ............................................ 2.7 2.6 Q Q 4.5 29.3

 Heating Stove ............................. 1.8 1.7 Q Q 4.1 29.2

 Other ........................................... 0.8 0.9 Q Q Q 52.8

 LPG ............................................... 5.4 4.8 Q Q 15.0 22.4

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 3.7 3.2 Q Q 11.3 26.2

 Room Heater .............................. 1.1 1.0 Q Q Q 40.6

 Other ........................................... 0.6 0.5 Q Q Q 47.7

 Kerosene ...................................... 1.0 0.6 Q Q 5.3 39.7

 Other ............................................. 0.2 0.3 Q Q Q 76.4

 None ............................................. 0.5 0.5 Q Q Q 41.7

Amount of Heat Provided

by Main Heating Equipment

 All or Almost All ............................. 90.8 90.6 97.1 95.1 91.7 1.7

 About Three-Fourths ..................... 4.9 5.2 Q Q 3.1 22.0

 Closer to One-Half ........................ 3.7 3.7 Q Q 4.3 23.1

 No Main Equipment ...................... 0.5 0.5 Q Q Q 41.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:25 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-5b. Space Heating by Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

OwnerOccupied

Units

Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.4 0.5 2.4 1.9 1.1

Age of Main

Heating Equipment

 Less than 2 Years ......................... 9.8 9.2 Q Q 16.8 12.7

 2 to 4 Years .................................. 13.9 13.7 Q Q 17.4 10.7

 5 to 9 Years .................................. 21.8 22.0 20.8 Q 20.9 10.4

 10 to 19 Years .............................. 27.1 27.4 23.6 14.8 26.9 11.0

 20 Years or More .......................... 24.4 24.9 31.4 33.0 14.6 11.0

 Don’t Know ................................... 2.6 2.3 Q Q Q 30.6

 No Main Equipment ...................... 0.5 0.5 Q Q Q 41.7

Secondary Heating Fuel and

Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 No ................................................. 58.8 56.8 79.6 94.4 70.5 3.5

 Yes ................................................ 41.2 43.2 20.4 Q 29.5 8.7

 Natural Gas ................................. 6.4 7.0 Q Q Q 19.2

 Fireplace ................................... 3.7 4.1 Q Q Q 29.5

 Room Heater ............................ 1.8 2.0 Q Q Q 23.8

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........ 0.6 0.6 Q Q Q 49.2

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.7 0.7 Q Q Q 50.9

 Electricity .................................... 17.5 17.9 Q Q 17.2 12.0

 Portable Heater ......................... 13.5 13.5 Q Q 15.4 12.6

 Built-in Electric Units ................. 3.3 3.6 Q Q Q 26.9

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.8 0.8 Q Q Q 54.3

 Fuel Oil ....................................... 0.7 0.7 Q Q Q 45.7

 Wood .......................................... 16.7 18.0 Q Q 7.5 12.2

 Fireplace ................................... 12.3 13.2 Q Q 6.2 14.3

 Heating Stove ........................... 4.6 5.0 Q Q Q 23.2

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.5 0.5 Q Q Q 53.8

 LPG ............................................. 1.8 1.8 Q Q Q 33.2

 Kerosene .................................... 3.0 3.1 Q Q 3.3 23.6

 Other ........................................... 0.4 0.4 Q Q Q 52.1

Estimated Heated Floorspace

Category (square feet)1

 Fewer than 600 ............................. 2.4 1.2 Q Q 12.7 27.6

 600 to 999 .................................... 12.5 9.5 33.1 36.2 38.3 11.7

 1,000 to 1,599 .............................. 33.5 33.8 25.4 30.1 32.2 9.1

 1,600 to 1,999 .............................. 19.8 21.3 Q Q 7.3 11.0

 2,000 to 2,399 .............................. 10.7 11.7 Q Q Q 12.5

 2,400 to 2,999 .............................. 7.5 8.3 Q Q Q 16.2

 3,000 or More .............................. 6.0 6.6 Q Q Q 23.0

 No Estimate Provided ................... 7.6 7.5 Q Q 6.5 18.5

1 Estimates provided by the household interview respondents, who were asked which category best described the total heated floorspace in the home.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to

totals. • Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption

Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:25 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-6b. Space Heating by Type of Rented Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Rented

Units

Type of Rented Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.6 0.7 1.2 0.9 2.2

Total ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Main Heating Fuel and

Equipment

 Natural Gas ................................... 47.5 60.2 57.2 35.0 24.8 8.5

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 26.0 37.6 25.6 16.2 24.2 13.5

 For One Housing Unit ............... 23.4 36.3 21.2 12.9 24.2 14.7

 For Two or More Units .............. 2.6 1.3 4.3 3.3 Q 32.2

 Steam or Hot-Water System ....... 9.6 4.9 17.2 11.9 Q 19.8

 For One Housing Unit ............... 4.5 3.5 10.7 3.6 Q 32.2

 For Two or More Units .............. 5.1 1.4 6.5 8.3 Q 23.2

 Floor, Wall, or 

 Pipeless Furnace ........................ 6.8 9.9 7.6 4.4 Q 19.6

 Room Heater/Other .................... 5.1 7.8 6.9 2.4 Q 22.0

 Electricity ...................................... 37.2 24.8 32.4 49.9 31.4 9.5

 Built-In Electric Units ................... 12.4 6.9 13.6 17.4 Q 18.2

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 14.2 7.2 12.1 20.7 19.0 17.7

 For One Housing Unit ............... 12.8 7.0 11.4 17.8 19.0 18.2

 For Two or More Units .............. 1.4 Q Q 2.8 Q 39.2

 Heat Pump .................................. 8.0 8.0 Q 9.5 Q 22.6

 Other ........................................... 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.3 Q 29.2

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 8.6 6.2 8.3 11.0 Q 18.8

 Steam or Hot-Water System ....... 6.1 2.8 6.5 9.1 Q 21.4

 For One Housing Unit ............... 1.4 2.5 Q Q Q 34.5

 For Two or More Units .............. 4.7 Q 4.6 8.7 Q 18.9

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 2.0 2.5 Q 1.4 Q 34.5

 Other ........................................... 0.6 Q Q Q Q 45.9

 Wood ............................................ 1.1 2.4 Q Q Q 33.1

 Heating Stove ............................. 0.8 1.8 Q Q Q 37.1

 Other ........................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

 LPG ............................................... 2.6 4.5 Q Q 19.1 22.2

 Central Warm-Air Furnace .......... 1.8 2.9 Q Q 17.0 22.5

 Room Heater .............................. Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Other ........................................... 0.4 Q Q Q Q 67.7

 Kerosene ...................................... 0.9 1.1 Q Q Q 56.6

 Other ............................................. 0.8 Q Q 1.5 Q 62.3

 None ............................................. 1.2 Q Q 1.8 Q 55.3

Amount of Heat Provided

by Main Heating Equipment

 All or Almost All ............................. 94.1 92.2 96.9 95.0 93.0 1.5

 About Three-Fourths ..................... 2.6 4.6 Q Q Q 28.1

 Closer to One-Half ........................ 2.1 2.6 Q 1.7 Q 34.2

 No Main Equipment ...................... 1.2 Q Q 1.8 Q 55.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:31 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-6b. Space Heating by Type of Rented Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Rented

Units

Type of Rented Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.6 0.7 1.2 0.9 2.2

Age of Main

Heating Equipment

 Less than 2 Years ......................... 6.1 9.1 4.9 3.5 Q 22.4

 2 to 4 Years .................................. 8.0 9.4 7.8 6.7 Q 17.2

 5 to 9 Years .................................. 15.1 16.4 13.9 14.2 16.6 14.0

 10 to 19 Years .............................. 19.7 21.3 16.2 19.3 20.4 11.4

 20 Years or More .......................... 28.2 27.1 27.2 30.1 19.7 10.2

 Don’t Know ................................... 21.7 16.1 29.9 24.4 15.9 12.2

 No Main Equipment ...................... 1.2 Q Q 1.8 Q 55.3

Secondary Heating Fuel and

Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 No ................................................. 81.7 72.0 83.5 90.0 75.8 2.6

 Yes ................................................ 18.3 28.0 16.5 10.0 24.2 11.5

 Natural Gas ................................. 1.7 2.8 Q Q Q 50.9

 Fireplace ................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Room Heater ............................ Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........ Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.8 1.1 Q Q Q 36.2

 Electricity .................................... 11.2 14.2 12.6 7.7 17.8 14.5

 Portable Heater ......................... 9.4 11.9 9.2 7.1 Q 15.0

 Built-in Electric Units ................. 1.3 2.2 Q Q Q 40.0

 Other Equipment ....................... 0.5 Q Q Q Q 46.0

 Fuel Oil ....................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Wood .......................................... 4.6 10.0 Q 1.4 Q 23.2

 Fireplace ................................... 3.9 8.2 Q 1.4 Q 25.7

 Heating Stove ........................... 0.8 2.0 Q Q Q 33.2

 Other Equipment ....................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

 LPG ............................................. Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Kerosene .................................... 1.5 3.0 Q Q Q 34.5

 Other ........................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

Estimated Heated Floorspace

Category (square feet)1

 Fewer than 600 ............................. 18.8 9.5 26.3 24.1 22.7 10.9

 600 to 999 .................................... 39.2 29.4 41.9 46.1 49.9 6.1

 1,000 to 1,599 .............................. 22.5 34.7 13.3 15.5 14.0 12.3

 1,600 to 1,999 .............................. 5.2 10.8 Q 1.9 Q 18.8

 2,000 to 2,399 .............................. 1.7 4.0 Q Q Q 28.9

 2,400 to 2,999 .............................. 0.7 1.3 Q Q Q 47.9

 3,000 or More .............................. Q Q Q Q Q NF

 No Estimate Provided ................... 12.0 10.3 16.7 12.1 Q 16.2

1 Estimates provided by the household interview respondents, who were asked which category best described the total heated floorspace in the home.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to

totals. • Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption

Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:31 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-7b. Space Heating by Four Most Populated States, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Four Most Populated States

RSE

Row

Factors

New York California Texas Florida

0.5 1.2 0.9 1.3 1.5

Total .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Main Heating Fuel and Equipment

 Natural Gas ................................................. 52.7 49.8 68.2 54.1 11.0 8.6

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 37.8 26.2 41.3 32.8 9.3 12.2

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 36.5 24.2 40.8 32.1 9.3 12.2

 For Two or More Units ............................. 1.3 Q Q Q Q 22.9

 Steam or Hot-Water System ..................... 7.2 21.3 Q Q Q 7.9

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 5.0 12.8 Q Q Q 14.3

 For Two or More Units ............................. 2.2 8.5 Q Q Q 22.7

 Floor, Wall, or 

 Pipeless Furnace ....................................... 4.0 Q 19.6 8.2 Q 17.5

 Room Heater/Other ................................... 3.7 1.2 6.0 12.3 1.1 16.9

 Electricity ..................................................... 29.2 5.5 25.0 41.3 79.5 10.7

 Built-In Electric Units ................................. 7.3 Q 7.0 3.6 8.2 24.4

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 10.6 Q 12.1 26.2 29.6 17.0

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 10.1 Q 11.6 24.0 28.8 16.7

 For Two or More Units ............................. 0.5 Q Q Q Q 56.9

 Heat Pump ................................................ 9.5 Q 2.6 8.8 40.0 18.4

 Other ......................................................... 1.7 Q 3.4 2.7 Q 24.0

 Fuel Oil ........................................................ 9.3 39.6 Q Q Q 15.2

 Steam or Hot-Water System ..................... 5.1 31.2 Q Q Q 16.1

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 3.3 12.2 Q Q Q 23.0

 For Two or More Units ............................. 1.8 19.0 Q Q Q 11.8

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 3.7 7.2 Q Q Q 22.2

 Other ......................................................... 0.4 1.2 Q Q Q 18.6

 Wood ........................................................... 2.2 2.7 2.8 Q Q 24.3

 Heating Stove ............................................ 1.5 Q 2.0 Q Q 21.3

 Other ......................................................... 0.7 1.0 0.8 Q Q 26.0

 LPG ............................................................. 4.5 Q 1.9 3.8 2.2 22.9

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 3.1 Q 1.4 1.9 Q 29.3

 Room Heater ............................................. 0.9 Q Q Q Q 33.9

 Other ......................................................... 0.5 Q 0.5 Q Q 34.4

 Kerosene ..................................................... 1.0 1.6 0.7 Q Q 34.2

 Other ........................................................... 0.4 Q Q Q Q 63.4

 None ............................................................ 0.8 0.3 Q Q Q 22.0

Amount of Heat Provided

by Main Heating Equipment

 All or Almost All ........................................... 91.9 94.4 87.9 91.0 93.4 1.7

 About Three-Fourths ................................... 4.2 4.1 4.7 6.0 Q 22.9

 Closer to One-Half ....................................... 3.2 1.2 6.4 Q Q 20.8

 No Main Equipment ..................................... 0.8 0.3 Q Q Q 22.0

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:36 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-7b. Space Heating by Four Most Populated States, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Four Most Populated States

RSE

Row

Factors

New York California Texas Florida

0.5 1.2 0.9 1.3 1.5

Age of Main

Heating Equipment

 Less than 2 Years ....................................... 8.6 5.3 5.9 8.2 12.5 14.3

 2 to 4 Years ................................................. 12.0 10.3 8.0 19.1 5.9 11.5

 5 to 9 Years ................................................. 19.6 16.5 15.9 21.7 30.5 8.1

 10 to 19 Years ............................................. 24.7 15.8 24.6 27.5 26.8 7.6

 20 Years or More ......................................... 25.6 34.5 39.9 14.5 11.0 7.9

 Don’t Know .................................................. 8.8 17.4 4.7 8.5 9.5 16.5

 No Main Equipment ..................................... 0.8 0.3 Q Q Q 22.0

Secondary Heating Fuel and Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 No ................................................................ 66.2 73.4 70.1 65.1 77.6 4.3

 Yes .............................................................. 33.8 26.6 29.9 34.9 22.4 10.3

 Natural Gas ............................................... 4.8 2.2 3.2 7.6 Q 22.3

 Fireplace .................................................. 2.5 1.6 Q Q Q 13.0

 Room Heater ........................................... 1.4 Q Q 3.8 Q 21.6

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ...................... 0.4 Q Q Q Q 44.8

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.8 Q Q 1.6 Q 30.6

 Electricity ................................................... 15.5 13.7 12.9 19.1 9.1 13.4

 Portable Heater ....................................... 12.1 10.5 10.9 14.3 8.4 10.6

 Built-in Electric Units ............................... 2.6 Q 2.3 Q Q 19.7

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.7 Q Q Q Q 38.5

 Fuel Oil ...................................................... 0.5 2.3 Q Q Q 33.9

 Wood ......................................................... 12.8 10.0 15.6 12.0 11.1 15.4

 Fireplace .................................................. 9.6 6.0 13.7 10.8 10.8 15.3

 Heating Stove .......................................... 3.3 4.1 2.3 Q Q 27.3

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.3 Q Q Q Q 50.1

 LPG ........................................................... 1.3 Q Q Q 1.0 24.7

 Kerosene ................................................... 2.5 Q Q Q Q 19.2

 Other ......................................................... 0.3 Q Q Q Q 49.3

Estimated Heated Floorspace Category

(square feet)1

 Fewer than 600 ........................................... 7.8 12.9 12.4 6.7 4.3 14.4

 600 to 999 .................................................. 21.2 23.7 23.4 20.3 13.8 9.8

 1,000 to 1,599 ............................................ 29.9 24.7 26.5 28.8 42.8 7.0

 1,600 to 1,999 ............................................ 15.1 10.0 13.4 15.4 15.1 11.9

 2,000 to 2,399 ............................................ 7.8 6.4 8.4 9.4 7.0 16.0

 2,400 to 2,999 ............................................ 5.3 4.1 5.1 5.9 5.3 19.3

 3,000 or More ............................................. 4.1 3.1 2.2 Q 5.4 28.7

 No Estimate Provided .................................. 9.0 15.0 8.6 6.2 6.4 18.2

1 Estimates provided by the household interview respondents, who were asked which category best described the total heated floorspace in the home.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:36 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-8b. Space Heating by Urban/Rural Location, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Urban/Rural Location1

RSE

Row

Factors

City Town Suburbs Rural

0.6 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.1

Total .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Main Heating Fuel and Equipment

 Natural Gas ................................................. 52.7 61.5 52.1 59.4 20.0 4.8

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 37.8 40.6 36.7 52.0 14.8 5.8

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 36.5 38.9 35.1 50.6 14.8 5.8

 For Two or More Units ............................. 1.3 1.7 1.5 1.3 Q 18.7

 Steam or Hot-Water System ..................... 7.2 9.8 8.5 3.8 1.9 12.5

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 5.0 6.2 6.5 3.3 1.5 14.6

 For Two or More Units ............................. 2.2 3.6 2.0 Q Q 19.0

 Floor, Wall, or 

 Pipeless Furnace ....................................... 4.0 6.1 2.9 2.5 Q 17.1

 Room Heater/Other ................................... 3.7 5.0 4.0 1.2 2.3 19.4

 Electricity ..................................................... 29.2 28.9 27.3 29.5 31.7 6.0

 Built-In Electric Units ................................. 7.3 6.7 10.1 5.9 7.6 13.0

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 10.6 12.0 9.1 9.2 9.5 13.1

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 10.1 11.2 8.9 8.9 9.3 13.4

 For Two or More Units ............................. 0.5 0.7 Q 0.4 Q 35.7

 Heat Pump ................................................ 9.5 8.2 6.4 13.2 12.8 12.5

 Other ......................................................... 1.7 2.0 1.6 1.1 1.8 21.3

 Fuel Oil ........................................................ 9.3 6.4 12.5 8.2 15.6 11.5

 Steam or Hot-Water System ..................... 5.1 4.3 6.6 5.3 5.9 12.9

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 3.3 1.3 5.3 4.9 5.1 15.0

 For Two or More Units ............................. 1.8 2.9 1.3 Q 0.7 17.9

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 3.7 1.7 5.3 2.9 8.9 17.0

 Other ......................................................... 0.4 0.4 0.6 Q 0.8 32.3

 Wood ........................................................... 2.2 0.6 1.8 0.6 8.9 20.2

 Heating Stove ............................................ 1.5 0.5 1.4 Q 6.0 18.4

 Other ......................................................... 0.7 0.1 0.4 Q 2.9 30.7

 LPG ............................................................. 4.5 0.8 4.9 1.1 19.0 18.6

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 3.1 0.3 3.2 0.6 14.0 24.3

 Room Heater ............................................. 0.9 Q 0.8 Q 3.9 24.1

 Other ......................................................... 0.5 0.2 0.9 Q 1.1 27.1

 Kerosene ..................................................... 1.0 0.3 1.2 Q 3.4 25.8

 Other ........................................................... 0.4 0.5 Q Q 1.0 42.9

 None ............................................................ 0.8 1.0 Q 0.9 Q 24.1

Amount of Heat Provided

by Main Heating Equipment

 All or Almost All ........................................... 91.9 93.7 91.9 94.0 84.3 1.1

 About Three-Fourths ................................... 4.2 3.0 4.4 2.6 9.0 14.0

 Closer to One-Half ....................................... 3.2 2.3 3.5 2.4 6.3 14.2

 No Main Equipment ..................................... 0.8 1.0 Q 0.9 Q 24.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:42 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-8b. Space Heating by Urban/Rural Location, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Urban/Rural Location1

RSE

Row

Factors

City Town Suburbs Rural

0.6 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.1

Age of Main

Heating Equipment

 Less than 2 Years ....................................... 8.6 8.1 8.0 7.5 11.9 8.8

 2 to 4 Years ................................................. 12.0 9.8 11.6 13.3 17.1 7.1

 5 to 9 Years ................................................. 19.6 17.8 19.3 23.0 21.2 6.2

 10 to 19 Years ............................................. 24.7 21.9 26.4 29.5 25.5 5.1

 20 Years or More ......................................... 25.6 29.0 27.1 19.8 20.5 5.2

 Don’t Know .................................................. 8.8 12.3 7.3 6.0 3.5 12.3

 No Main Equipment ..................................... 0.8 1.0 Q 0.9 Q 24.1

Secondary Heating Fuel and Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 No ................................................................ 66.2 76.0 64.4 57.9 49.1 2.7

 Yes .............................................................. 33.8 24.0 35.6 42.1 50.9 4.6

 Natural Gas ............................................... 4.8 5.0 4.3 6.2 3.4 14.5

 Fireplace .................................................. 2.5 2.3 2.2 4.1 1.6 22.2

 Room Heater ........................................... 1.4 1.6 2.0 0.9 0.9 23.8

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ...................... 0.4 0.3 Q 0.6 Q 37.0

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.8 1.1 Q 0.9 Q 25.7

 Electricity ................................................... 15.5 12.3 16.9 19.0 19.2 7.4

 Portable Heater ....................................... 12.1 10.1 13.2 15.8 12.8 8.1

 Built-in Electric Units ............................... 2.6 1.8 3.0 2.9 4.4 17.6

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.7 0.6 0.5 Q 2.0 30.0

 Fuel Oil ...................................................... 0.5 0.1 0.5 Q 1.5 31.7

 Wood ......................................................... 12.8 6.7 13.8 19.4 21.9 7.9

 Fireplace .................................................. 9.6 5.9 10.1 16.1 12.5 9.1

 Heating Stove .......................................... 3.3 0.9 4.0 3.3 9.8 16.0

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.3 0.3 Q Q 0.8 42.7

 LPG ........................................................... 1.3 0.3 1.0 0.5 5.3 28.7

 Kerosene ................................................... 2.5 1.7 2.2 2.6 5.2 16.1

 Other ......................................................... 0.3 Q Q 0.3 0.5 35.3

Estimated Heated Floorspace Category

(square feet)2

 Fewer than 600 ........................................... 7.8 10.4 7.9 3.3 5.1 11.2

 600 to 999 .................................................. 21.2 25.7 22.8 12.9 15.6 6.7

 1,000 to 1,599 ............................................ 29.9 30.1 28.6 30.7 29.8 4.9

 1,600 to 1,999 ............................................ 15.1 12.5 16.1 18.2 18.0 6.7

 2,000 to 2,399 ............................................ 7.8 6.0 6.5 12.3 9.3 9.1

 2,400 to 2,999 ............................................ 5.3 3.2 5.2 9.4 6.8 12.7

 3,000 or More ............................................. 4.1 2.6 3.9 6.9 5.3 15.3

 No Estimate Provided .................................. 9.0 9.6 9.0 6.4 10.1 11.8

1 Based on the household respondent’s description rather than the Federal Government definition. 2 Estimates provided by the household interview respondents, who were asked which category best described the total heated floorspace in the home.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:42 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-9b. Space Heating by Northeast Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

Northeast Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

Middle Atlantic New England

0.5 1.1 1.3 1.5

Total .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Main Heating Fuel and Equipment

 Natural Gas ................................................. 52.7 46.4 53.4 27.4 9.5

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 37.8 25.9 32.2 8.7 13.1

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 36.5 24.5 30.7 7.7 13.2

 For Two or More Units ............................. 1.3 1.3 1.5 Q 28.8

 Steam or Hot-Water System ..................... 7.2 18.4 19.3 15.9 11.2

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 5.0 13.3 13.3 13.3 13.8

 For Two or More Units ............................. 2.2 5.1 5.9 Q 17.5

 Floor, Wall, or 

 Pipeless Furnace ....................................... 4.0 Q Q Q 19.4

 Room Heater/Other ................................... 3.7 1.5 Q Q 29.7

 Electricity ..................................................... 29.2 11.9 11.7 12.2 12.3

 Built-In Electric Units ................................. 7.3 6.8 7.1 6.1 18.5

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 10.6 1.9 1.4 Q 25.4

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 10.1 1.4 Q Q 23.7

 For Two or More Units ............................. 0.5 Q Q Q 55.6

 Heat Pump ................................................ 9.5 1.9 2.4 Q 31.1

 Other ......................................................... 1.7 1.3 Q Q 28.3

 Fuel Oil ........................................................ 9.3 35.9 30.2 51.3 10.1

 Steam or Hot-Water System ..................... 5.1 24.2 22.4 29.3 10.3

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 3.3 15.1 11.8 24.0 11.3

 For Two or More Units ............................. 1.8 9.1 10.5 5.3 13.7

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 3.7 10.5 7.1 19.9 16.6

 Other ......................................................... 0.4 1.1 Q 2.1 31.0

 Wood ........................................................... 2.2 1.9 1.7 2.6 22.8

 Heating Stove ............................................ 1.5 1.4 1.2 2.2 24.7

 Other ......................................................... 0.7 Q Q Q 43.1

 LPG ............................................................. 4.5 1.1 Q Q 29.3

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 3.1 0.9 Q Q 31.5

 Room Heater ............................................. 0.9 Q Q Q 33.2

 Other ......................................................... 0.5 Q Q Q 37.0

 Kerosene ..................................................... 1.0 2.1 1.5 Q 31.6

 Other ........................................................... 0.4 0.6 Q Q 51.5

 None ............................................................ 0.8 Q Q Q 38.2

Amount of Heat Provided

by Main Heating Equipment

 All or Almost All ........................................... 91.9 93.3 93.6 92.4 1.0

 About Three-Fourths ................................... 4.2 3.9 3.8 4.2 17.4

 Closer to One-Half ....................................... 3.2 2.7 2.5 3.5 19.1

 No Main Equipment ..................................... 0.8 Q Q Q 38.2

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:47 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-9b. Space Heating by Northeast Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

Northeast Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

Middle Atlantic New England

0.5 1.1 1.3 1.5

Age of Main

Heating Equipment

 Less than 2 Years ....................................... 8.6 7.0 6.6 8.2 12.0

 2 to 4 Years ................................................. 12.0 10.0 10.3 9.1 9.0

 5 to 9 Years ................................................. 19.6 17.6 17.6 17.9 7.3

 10 to 19 Years ............................................. 24.7 20.3 20.5 19.9 8.0

 20 Years or More ......................................... 25.6 32.1 31.2 34.4 5.2

 Don’t Know .................................................. 8.8 12.8 13.7 10.5 12.6

 No Main Equipment ..................................... 0.8 Q Q Q 38.2

Secondary Heating Fuel and Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 No ................................................................ 66.2 68.9 67.8 72.0 2.4

 Yes .............................................................. 33.8 31.1 32.2 28.0 5.3

 Natural Gas ............................................... 4.8 2.1 2.6 Q 17.4

 Fireplace .................................................. 2.5 Q Q Q 27.6

 Room Heater ........................................... 1.4 Q Q Q 30.8

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ...................... 0.4 Q Q Q 43.8

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.8 Q Q Q 36.2

 Electricity ................................................... 15.5 14.7 16.2 10.7 11.0

 Portable Heater ....................................... 12.1 10.8 11.8 8.1 9.7

 Built-in Electric Units ............................... 2.6 3.5 3.9 2.4 26.0

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.7 Q Q Q 37.7

 Fuel Oil ...................................................... 0.5 1.9 2.0 1.7 20.1

 Wood ......................................................... 12.8 10.9 9.8 14.0 10.9

 Fireplace .................................................. 9.6 5.6 6.3 3.8 15.7

 Heating Stove .......................................... 3.3 5.6 3.6 11.1 16.9

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.3 Q Q Q 49.0

 LPG ........................................................... 1.3 0.8 Q Q 36.6

 Kerosene ................................................... 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.8 18.6

 Other ......................................................... 0.3 Q Q Q 48.2

Estimated Heated Floorspace Category

(square feet)1

 Fewer than 600 ........................................... 7.8 9.7 10.7 6.8 10.7

 600 to 999 .................................................. 21.2 22.4 21.4 25.0 4.9

 1,000 to 1,599 ............................................ 29.9 25.8 25.8 26.0 7.0

 1,600 to 1,999 ............................................ 15.1 12.2 11.6 13.7 9.7

 2,000 to 2,399 ............................................ 7.8 6.9 7.0 6.4 12.5

 2,400 to 2,999 ............................................ 5.3 4.9 4.9 5.1 17.5

 3,000 or More ............................................. 4.1 3.4 3.0 4.4 19.3

 No Estimate Provided .................................. 9.0 14.8 15.6 12.6 11.7

1 Estimates provided by the household interview respondents, who were asked which category best described the total heated floorspace in the home.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:47 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-10b. Space Heating by Midwest Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

Midwest Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

East North Central West North Central

0.5 1.0 1.2 1.6

Total .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Main Heating Fuel and Equipment

 Natural Gas ................................................. 52.7 74.5 78.0 66.4 5.4

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 37.8 62.1 63.6 58.4 5.6

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 36.5 58.9 60.3 55.7 5.6

 For Two or More Units ............................. 1.3 3.1 3.3 Q 12.3

 Steam or Hot-Water System ..................... 7.2 10.2 11.8 6.4 14.2

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 5.0 6.2 7.0 4.3 19.1

 For Two or More Units ............................. 2.2 4.0 4.8 Q 20.6

 Floor, Wall, or 

 Pipeless Furnace ....................................... 4.0 1.0 Q Q 30.2

 Room Heater/Other ................................... 3.7 1.3 1.2 Q 26.3

 Electricity ..................................................... 29.2 11.1 11.0 11.6 15.6

 Built-In Electric Units ................................. 7.3 5.3 6.4 2.8 17.4

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 10.6 4.3 2.8 8.0 26.3

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 10.1 4.1 2.5 8.0 26.7

 For Two or More Units ............................. 0.5 Q Q Q 55.3

 Heat Pump ................................................ 9.5 1.2 1.4 Q 26.7

 Other ......................................................... 1.7 Q Q Q 23.2

 Fuel Oil ........................................................ 9.3 4.3 3.7 5.7 17.1

 Steam or Hot-Water System ..................... 5.1 Q Q Q 18.5

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 3.3 Q Q Q 20.8

 For Two or More Units ............................. 1.8 Q Q Q 19.9

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 3.7 3.5 2.9 4.8 19.7

 Other ......................................................... 0.4 Q Q Q 37.7

 Wood ........................................................... 2.2 1.8 Q Q 31.6

 Heating Stove ............................................ 1.5 0.9 Q Q 28.8

 Other ......................................................... 0.7 Q Q Q 42.8

 LPG ............................................................. 4.5 7.4 5.5 11.9 21.8

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 3.1 6.4 4.9 9.7 24.1

 Room Heater ............................................. 0.9 Q Q Q 33.0

 Other ......................................................... 0.5 0.7 Q 1.6 25.5

 Kerosene ..................................................... 1.0 Q Q Q 34.2

 Other ........................................................... 0.4 Q Q Q 61.6

 None ............................................................ 0.8 Q Q Q 38.0

Amount of Heat Provided

by Main Heating Equipment

 All or Almost All ........................................... 91.9 95.2 95.6 94.4 1.0

 About Three-Fourths ................................... 4.2 3.3 3.1 3.7 20.4

 Closer to One-Half ....................................... 3.2 1.5 1.3 Q 14.8

 No Main Equipment ..................................... 0.8 Q Q Q 38.0

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:53 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-10b. Space Heating by Midwest Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

Midwest Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

East North Central West North Central

0.5 1.0 1.2 1.6

Age of Main

Heating Equipment

 Less than 2 Years ....................................... 8.6 7.5 7.8 6.7 8.9

 2 to 4 Years ................................................. 12.0 12.1 11.8 13.0 8.9

 5 to 9 Years ................................................. 19.6 19.5 19.1 20.4 7.7

 10 to 19 Years ............................................. 24.7 22.2 20.8 25.5 6.8

 20 Years or More ......................................... 25.6 27.8 29.3 24.4 5.9

 Don’t Know .................................................. 8.8 10.9 11.3 10.0 14.9

 No Main Equipment ..................................... 0.8 Q Q Q 38.0

Secondary Heating Fuel and Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 No ................................................................ 66.2 68.7 69.0 67.9 3.2

 Yes .............................................................. 33.8 31.3 31.0 32.1 6.8

 Natural Gas ............................................... 4.8 6.0 6.5 4.7 17.6

 Fireplace .................................................. 2.5 3.5 4.1 Q 25.4

 Room Heater ........................................... 1.4 1.4 Q Q 21.9

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ...................... 0.4 Q Q Q 43.6

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.8 Q Q Q 35.9

 Electricity ................................................... 15.5 15.8 15.1 17.5 7.8

 Portable Heater ....................................... 12.1 13.1 12.5 14.5 7.7

 Built-in Electric Units ............................... 2.6 2.6 2.4 3.0 22.9

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.7 Q Q Q 37.5

 Fuel Oil ...................................................... 0.5 Q Q Q 34.3

 Wood ......................................................... 12.8 9.1 8.9 9.4 11.0

 Fireplace .................................................. 9.6 7.0 7.0 7.0 11.4

 Heating Stove .......................................... 3.3 2.0 1.8 2.7 24.3

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.3 Q Q Q 48.7

 LPG ........................................................... 1.3 1.3 Q 2.5 24.8

 Kerosene ................................................... 2.5 1.7 1.9 Q 18.4

 Other ......................................................... 0.3 Q Q Q 47.9

Estimated Heated Floorspace Category

(square feet)1

 Fewer than 600 ........................................... 7.8 6.9 7.4 5.7 12.7

 600 to 999 .................................................. 21.2 21.3 21.4 21.1 8.7

 1,000 to 1,599 ............................................ 29.9 28.9 28.7 29.3 6.5

 1,600 to 1,999 ............................................ 15.1 17.5 17.1 18.6 6.5

 2,000 to 2,399 ............................................ 7.8 7.6 7.1 8.9 9.4

 2,400 to 2,999 ............................................ 5.3 5.8 5.8 5.7 14.6

 3,000 or More ............................................. 4.1 4.0 4.2 3.6 18.3

 No Estimate Provided .................................. 9.0 7.9 8.3 7.1 16.4

1 Estimates provided by the household interview respondents, who were asked which category best described the total heated floorspace in the home.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:53 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-11b. Space Heating by South Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

South Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

South Atlantic East South Central West South Central

0.5 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.3

Total .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Main Heating Fuel and Equipment

 Natural Gas ................................................. 52.7 38.3 28.6 36.2 56.1 7.5

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 37.8 26.9 21.9 27.8 35.1 9.1

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 36.5 26.5 21.5 27.7 34.3 9.2

 For Two or More Units ............................. 1.3 Q Q Q Q 21.6

 Steam or Hot-Water System ..................... 7.2 1.4 2.2 Q Q 20.7

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 5.0 1.4 2.1 Q Q 24.3

 For Two or More Units ............................. 2.2 Q Q Q Q 24.4

 Floor, Wall, or 

 Pipeless Furnace ....................................... 4.0 3.5 1.8 Q 7.4 25.6

 Room Heater/Other ................................... 3.7 6.4 2.8 5.8 13.2 20.8

 Electricity ..................................................... 29.2 48.7 55.4 45.7 38.7 7.2

 Built-In Electric Units ................................. 7.3 6.0 6.8 8.4 3.1 19.4

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 10.6 18.1 14.3 15.7 26.1 14.7

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 10.1 17.4 14.0 15.5 24.3 14.9

 For Two or More Units ............................. 0.5 0.7 Q Q Q 49.3

 Heat Pump ................................................ 9.5 22.3 32.4 18.2 7.2 13.8

 Other ......................................................... 1.7 2.3 1.9 3.4 2.3 20.6

 Fuel Oil ........................................................ 9.3 3.1 5.9 Q Q 26.7

 Steam or Hot-Water System ..................... 5.1 0.8 1.5 Q Q 22.7

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 3.3 0.8 1.5 Q Q 23.7

 For Two or More Units ............................. 1.8 Q Q Q Q 19.4

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 3.7 2.1 3.9 Q Q 34.0

 Other ......................................................... 0.4 Q Q Q Q 36.6

 Wood ........................................................... 2.2 1.9 2.2 2.6 Q 20.7

 Heating Stove ............................................ 1.5 1.3 1.4 2.2 Q 25.5

 Other ......................................................... 0.7 0.6 Q Q Q 38.9

 LPG ............................................................. 4.5 5.7 4.4 13.3 3.6 18.1

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 3.1 2.9 2.5 6.3 1.7 22.8

 Room Heater ............................................. 0.9 2.2 Q 6.8 1.5 19.6

 Other ......................................................... 0.5 0.6 Q Q Q 36.6

 Kerosene ..................................................... 1.0 1.2 2.0 Q Q 20.2

 Other ........................................................... 0.4 Q Q Q Q 59.8

 None ............................................................ 0.8 0.8 Q Q Q 43.0

Amount of Heat Provided

by Main Heating Equipment

 All or Almost All ........................................... 91.9 91.3 91.6 88.8 92.4 1.2

 About Three-Fourths ................................... 4.2 4.7 4.5 5.8 4.4 17.1

 Closer to One-Half ....................................... 3.2 3.1 2.6 5.2 2.7 17.8

 No Main Equipment ..................................... 0.8 0.8 Q Q Q 43.0

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:58 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-11b. Space Heating by South Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

South Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

South Atlantic East South Central West South Central

0.5 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.3

Age of Main

Heating Equipment

 Less than 2 Years ....................................... 8.6 10.7 11.5 10.9 9.3 9.9

 2 to 4 Years ................................................. 12.0 15.3 13.0 20.0 16.6 7.8

 5 to 9 Years ................................................. 19.6 23.5 25.7 22.9 20.1 7.0

 10 to 19 Years ............................................. 24.7 27.4 26.2 24.4 31.3 5.9

 20 Years or More ......................................... 25.6 14.9 14.6 16.1 14.8 6.5

 Don’t Know .................................................. 8.8 7.3 7.8 5.6 7.5 16.7

 No Main Equipment ..................................... 0.8 0.8 Q Q Q 43.0

Secondary Heating Fuel and Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 No ................................................................ 66.2 62.3 63.2 55.3 65.0 2.8

 Yes .............................................................. 33.8 37.7 36.8 44.7 35.0 4.7

 Natural Gas ............................................... 4.8 6.4 4.6 7.0 9.1 17.5

 Fireplace .................................................. 2.5 3.0 2.4 3.5 3.8 27.3

 Room Heater ........................................... 1.4 2.5 Q 3.3 3.5 18.5

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ...................... 0.4 Q Q Q Q 42.3

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.8 0.8 Q Q 2.0 22.5

 Electricity ................................................... 15.5 16.4 15.0 18.2 18.0 9.5

 Portable Heater ....................................... 12.1 13.0 12.2 14.7 13.6 10.5

 Built-in Electric Units ............................... 2.6 1.9 1.2 Q 3.6 23.7

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.7 1.3 1.2 1.8 Q 26.1

 Fuel Oil ...................................................... 0.5 Q Q Q Q 33.3

 Wood ......................................................... 12.8 14.1 15.5 14.6 11.2 8.8

 Fireplace .................................................. 9.6 11.7 12.9 10.4 10.3 9.3

 Heating Stove .......................................... 3.3 2.4 2.6 4.2 Q 20.0

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.3 0.7 Q Q Q 39.3

 LPG ........................................................... 1.3 2.1 2.2 3.8 Q 23.8

 Kerosene ................................................... 2.5 4.1 5.1 6.3 Q 16.0

 Other ......................................................... 0.3 Q Q Q Q 46.5

Estimated Heated Floorspace Category

(square feet)1

 Fewer than 600 ........................................... 7.8 5.7 5.3 7.1 5.7 13.4

 600 to 999 .................................................. 21.2 19.0 17.5 22.4 19.8 6.6

 1,000 to 1,599 ............................................ 29.9 32.8 34.6 30.5 31.0 6.7

 1,600 to 1,999 ............................................ 15.1 15.8 15.7 15.4 16.3 8.8

 2,000 to 2,399 ............................................ 7.8 8.3 7.6 7.8 9.8 10.6

 2,400 to 2,999 ............................................ 5.3 5.0 5.1 4.8 5.1 14.5

 3,000 or More ............................................. 4.1 5.1 4.5 4.9 6.3 21.2

 No Estimate Provided .................................. 9.0 8.2 9.7 7.2 6.0 17.0

1 Estimates provided by the household interview respondents, who were asked which category best described the total heated floorspace in the home.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:07:58 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-12b. Space Heating by West Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

West Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

Mountain Pacific

0.5 1.0 1.7 1.1

Total .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Main Heating Fuel and Equipment

 Natural Gas ................................................. 52.7 58.1 64.6 55.5 3.6

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 37.8 39.7 51.2 35.2 5.9

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 36.5 39.0 49.5 34.8 6.0

 For Two or More Units ............................. 1.3 0.8 Q Q 24.3

 Steam or Hot-Water System ..................... 7.2 3.2 7.8 1.3 20.9

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 5.0 1.9 3.8 1.2 22.7

 For Two or More Units ............................. 2.2 1.3 Q Q 33.3

 Floor, Wall, or 

 Pipeless Furnace ....................................... 4.0 11.3 3.6 14.4 10.8

 Room Heater/Other ................................... 3.7 3.8 2.0 4.5 17.9

 Electricity ..................................................... 29.2 32.6 26.8 34.9 7.0

 Built-In Electric Units ................................. 7.3 12.3 6.0 14.7 15.8

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 10.6 12.8 10.9 13.6 13.4

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 10.1 12.5 10.5 13.3 13.4

 For Two or More Units ............................. 0.5 Q Q Q 50.8

 Heat Pump ................................................ 9.5 4.7 7.2 3.7 12.5

 Other ......................................................... 1.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 19.8

 Fuel Oil ........................................................ 9.3 1.1 Q Q 23.6

 Steam or Hot-Water System ..................... 5.1 Q Q Q 17.0

 For One Housing Unit .............................. 3.3 Q Q Q 19.1

 For Two or More Units ............................. 1.8 Q Q Q 18.3

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 3.7 0.6 Q Q 32.8

 Other ......................................................... 0.4 Q Q Q 34.7

 Wood ........................................................... 2.2 3.1 2.8 3.3 18.4

 Heating Stove ............................................ 1.5 2.5 2.4 2.6 20.9

 Other ......................................................... 0.7 Q Q Q 39.4

 LPG ............................................................. 4.5 2.5 4.4 1.7 24.9

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ........................ 3.1 1.9 3.6 1.2 28.2

 Room Heater ............................................. 0.9 Q Q Q 30.3

 Other ......................................................... 0.5 Q Q Q 33.8

 Kerosene ..................................................... 1.0 Q Q Q 31.5

 Other ........................................................... 0.4 Q Q Q 56.6

 None ............................................................ 0.8 2.1 Q 2.9 18.5

Amount of Heat Provided

by Main Heating Equipment

 All or Almost All ........................................... 91.9 87.9 92.8 86.0 1.2

 About Three-Fourths ................................... 4.2 4.5 3.3 4.9 15.8

 Closer to One-Half ....................................... 3.2 5.5 3.7 6.2 13.4

 No Main Equipment ..................................... 0.8 2.1 Q 2.9 18.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:08:04 PM on 11/5/99
Table HC3-12b. Space Heating by West Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Space Heating

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

West Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

Mountain Pacific

0.5 1.0 1.7 1.1

Age of Main

Heating Equipment

 Less than 2 Years ....................................... 8.6 7.6 11.8 5.9 13.2

 2 to 4 Years ................................................. 12.0 8.1 9.0 7.7 10.1

 5 to 9 Years ................................................. 19.6 15.1 12.6 16.1 7.5

 10 to 19 Years ............................................. 24.7 26.9 31.1 25.2 6.1

 20 Years or More ......................................... 25.6 34.9 28.1 37.6 5.7

 Don’t Know .................................................. 8.8 5.4 7.4 4.6 17.0

 No Main Equipment ..................................... 0.8 2.1 Q 2.9 18.5

Secondary Heating Fuel and Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 No ................................................................ 66.2 67.6 64.9 68.7 3.3

 Yes .............................................................. 33.8 32.4 35.1 31.3 6.6

 Natural Gas ............................................... 4.8 3.6 5.6 2.8 18.6

 Fireplace .................................................. 2.5 2.1 3.3 1.6 27.7

 Room Heater ........................................... 1.4 Q Q Q 28.1

 Central Warm-Air Furnace ...................... 0.4 Q Q Q 40.0

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.8 1.1 Q Q 38.7

 Electricity ................................................... 15.5 14.2 15.0 13.8 9.7

 Portable Heater ....................................... 12.1 10.7 10.7 10.8 9.9

 Built-in Electric Units ............................... 2.6 3.1 3.6 2.9 22.9

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.7 0.7 Q Q 38.1

 Fuel Oil ...................................................... 0.5 Q Q Q 31.5

 Wood ......................................................... 12.8 16.4 15.8 16.6 8.8

 Fireplace .................................................. 9.6 12.6 10.4 13.5 9.3

 Heating Stove .......................................... 3.3 4.2 5.6 3.7 19.8

 Other Equipment ..................................... 0.3 Q Q Q 44.8

 LPG ........................................................... 1.3 Q Q Q 26.8

 Kerosene ................................................... 2.5 Q Q Q 17.2

 Other ......................................................... 0.3 Q Q Q 44.0

Estimated Heated Floorspace Category

(square feet)1

 Fewer than 600 ........................................... 7.8 10.3 8.2 11.1 11.2

 600 to 999 .................................................. 21.2 23.4 22.8 23.7 8.2

 1,000 to 1,599 ............................................ 29.9 30.0 33.9 28.5 5.3

 1,600 to 1,999 ............................................ 15.1 13.7 12.7 14.1 7.2

 2,000 to 2,399 ............................................ 7.8 7.9 7.7 8.0 11.9

 2,400 to 2,999 ............................................ 5.3 5.3 5.6 5.2 10.6

 3,000 or More ............................................. 4.1 3.0 4.4 2.4 20.2

 No Estimate Provided .................................. 9.0 6.3 4.6 7.0 14.3

1 Estimates provided by the household interview respondents, who were asked which category best described the total heated floorspace in the home.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Housing Characteristics 1997

Table Layout at 4:08:04 PM on 11/5/99