Release date: February 2015

Revised date: December 2016

Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Mean 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Mean

square

feet per 

worker1

Mean 

operating 

hours per 

week

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 15.7 936 62

Building floorspace (square feet)

1,001 to 5,000 2,777 8,041 10,232 2.9 675 56

5,001 to 10,000 1,229 8,900 9,225 7.2 847 62

10,001 to 25,000 884 14,105 14,189 16.0 925 65

25,001 to 50,000 332 11,917 11,327 35.9 1,006 72

50,001 to 100,000 199 13,918 12,345 69.9 1,089 80

100,001 to 200,000 90 12,415 11,310 137.9 1,083 89

200,001 to 500,000 38 10,724 10,356 284.2 1,024 99

Over 500,000 8 7,074 9,196 885.0 763 117

Principal building activity

Education 389 12,239 10,885 31.5 1,124 53

Food sales 177 1,252 1,172 7.1 1,067 121

Food service 380 1,819 3,431 4.8 530 82

Health care 157 4,155 7,613 26.5 546 60

Inpatient 10 2,374 4,281 247.8 555 168

Outpatient 147 1,781 3,333 12.1 535 53

Lodging 158 5,826 3,066 36.9 1,894 165

Mercantile 602 11,330 9,117 18.8 1,243 64

Retail (other than mall) 438 5,439 4,023 12.4 1,352 62

Enclosed and strip malls 164 5,890 5,094 35.9 1,156 69

Office 1,012 15,952 33,756 15.8 473 55

Public assembly 352 5,559 3,108 15.8 1,716 56

Public order and safety 84 1,440 1,854 17.2 756 113

Religious worship 412 4,557 1,940 11.1 2,295 31

Service 619 4,630 4,031 7.5 1,086 56

Warehouse and storage 796 13,077 6,362 16.4 1,843 67

Other 125 2,002 1,611 16.0 1,193 61

Vacant 296 3,256 236 11.0 3,309 8

Year constructed

Before 1920 362 3,983 3,310 11.0 1,087 48

1920 to 1945 488 6,025 6,003 12.3 936 52

1946 to 1959 599 7,381 6,566 12.3 1,064 51

1960 to 1969 639 10,362 9,851 16.2 1,010 61

1970 to 1979 684 10,846 12,536 15.9 817 61

1980 to 1989 915 15,230 17,468 16.6 830 65

1990 to 1999 845 13,803 13,432 16.3 947 68

2000 to 2003 375 7,215 7,471 19.2 951 66

2004 to 2007 347 6,524 5,993 18.8 1,065 69

2008 to 2012 303 5,723 5,552 18.9 978 76

Table B1. Summary table: total and means of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of operation, 

2012
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Mean 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Mean

square

feet per 

worker1

Mean 

operating 

hours per 

week

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 15.7 936 62

Table B1. Summary table: total and means of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of operation, 

2012

Census region and division

Northeast 805 15,534 17,775 19.3 844 64

New England 302 4,302 4,165 14.3 967 60

Middle Atlantic 504 11,232 13,610 22.3 806 67

Midwest 1,237 18,919 17,261 15.3 1,036 61

East North Central 735 12,742 11,933 17.3 1,019 62

West North Central 502 6,178 5,329 12.3 1,075 59

South 2,247 34,279 32,666 15.3 984 61

South Atlantic 1,091 17,981 18,098 16.5 950 65

East South Central 370 4,904 4,293 13.3 1,090 55

West South Central 786 11,394 10,275 14.5 1,001 59

West 1,267 18,360 20,479 14.5 855 61

Mountain 338 4,981 4,600 14.7 1,002 61

Pacific 929 13,379 15,878 14.4 812 61

Climate region2

Very cold/Cold 2,031 31,898 30,739 15.7 983 62

Mixed-humid 1,743 27,873 28,708 16.0 931 60

Mixed-dry/Hot-dry 837 12,037 13,056 14.4 875 59

Hot-humid 799 12,831 12,541 16.1 946 68

Marine 147 2,454 3,138 16.7 742 67

Number of floors

One 3,836 39,809 35,019 10.4 1,042 60

Two 1,158 20,206 19,744 17.5 991 60

Three 374 8,140 7,826 21.8 1,013 69

Four to nine 177 13,535 16,248 76.6 812 84

Ten or more 13 5,404 9,343 429.2 574 108

Elevators and escalators 

(more than one may apply)

Any elevators 405 32,120 39,978 79.3 792 81

Number of elevators

One 272 11,158 11,347 41.1 970 75

Two to five 118 12,817 15,489 109.0 811 90

Six or more 16 8,145 13,143 506.8 616 114

Any escalators 10 3,654 4,822 377.5 753 97

Number of workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 2,892 17,751 5,064 6.1 2,607 55

5 to 9 1,085 8,973 7,017 8.3 1,279 63

10 to 19 731 9,623 9,472 13.2 1,016 69

20 to 49 513 14,514 14,881 28.3 975 72

50 to 99 206 13,476 13,424 65.6 1,004 77

100 to 249 93 10,941 13,368 117.1 818 87

250 or more 37 11,815 24,956 318.3 473 98
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Mean 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Mean

square

feet per 

worker1

Mean 

operating 

hours per 

week

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 15.7 936 62

Table B1. Summary table: total and means of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of operation, 

2012

Weekly operating hours

Fewer than 40 1,149 8,220 3,291 7.2 1,488 12

40 to 48 1,346 15,828 17,546 11.8 894 42

49 to 60 1,244 20,529 24,845 16.5 818 54

61 to 84 764 15,867 16,679 20.8 945 74

85 to 167 479 9,395 8,087 19.6 1,145 105

Open continuously 575 17,253 17,734 30.0 937 168

Ownership and occupancy

Nongovernment owned 4,781 67,550 68,505 14.1 930 62

Owner occupied 2,466 30,637 25,871 12.4 1,150 62

Leased to tenant(s) 1,745 26,115 32,033 15.0 787 69

Owner occupied and leased 349 8,873 10,601 25.4 825 64

Unoccupied 221 1,925 0 8.7 N 0

Government owned 776 19,543 19,676 25.2 957 60

Federal 33 1,573 2,135 47.7 732 64

State 185 5,539 5,579 30.0 962 58

Local 558 12,431 11,963 22.3 996 61

Party responsible for operation

and maintenance of energy

systems

Building owner 4,715 73,702 74,433 15.6 934 61

Business owner or tenant 724 11,309 11,128 15.6 987 66

Property management 54 1,250 1,757 23.0 690 66

Other 64 832 864 12.9 944 58

Provider of direct input on energyrelated equipment purchases

Building owner 4,876 76,271 76,830 15.6 936 61

Business owner or tenant 540 8,256 8,617 15.3 938 68

Property management 35 880 954 25.5 909 74

Other 106 1,686 1,781 15.9 926 56

Number of establishments

One 4,205 54,994 52,072 13.1 1,021 64

2 to 5 862 17,756 18,916 20.6 931 65

6 to 10 147 4,425 5,890 30.1 731 77

11 to 20 68 3,704 5,276 54.8 692 70

More than 20 27 3,821 6,028 140.9 630 84

Currently unoccupied 248 2,393 0 9.6 N 0
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Mean 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Mean

square

feet per 

worker1

Mean 

operating 

hours per 

week

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 15.7 936 62

Table B1. Summary table: total and means of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of operation, 

2012

Campus or complex activity

Not part of a campus or complex 3,683 52,275 51,924 14.2 957 59

Primary or secondary school 237 4,616 4,670 19.4 977 48

College or university 84 4,068 3,090 48.4 1,290 88

Office complex 154 3,456 7,205 22.4 465 58

Retail complex 258 5,159 4,524 20.0 1,108 66

Storage complex 314 3,212 726 10.2 3,076 89

Religious campus or complex 197 1,932 1,027 9.8 1,821 43

Health care complex 52 3,362 5,715 64.1 577 90

Lodging or resort complex 65 1,295 817 19.8 1,562 146

Transportation complex 35 554 681 15.8 744 76

Government complex 104 2,107 3,236 20.2 628 65

Other 371 5,057 4,566 13.6 1,036 55

Predominant exterior wall material

Brick, stone, or stucco 2,312 40,463 41,653 17.5 934 62

Concrete (block or poured) 1,121 20,726 20,195 18.5 1,000 62

Concrete panels 210 8,693 9,482 41.4 861 72

Siding or shingles 905 5,750 6,012 6.4 887 58

Metal panels 933 8,673 5,804 9.3 1,246 61

Window glass 17 1,340 2,652 78.6 488 77

Other 37 856 844 23.0 1,012 68

No one major type 21 592 Q 27.6 Q 68

Predominant roof material

Metal surfacing 1,672 15,916 12,016 9.5 1,166 62

Synthetic or rubber 911 25,817 27,573 28.3 912 68

Built-up 836 21,835 24,082 26.1 873 62

Slate or tile shingles 406 4,306 4,227 10.6 989 61

Wooden materials (including

shingles) 157 1,139 999 7.3 1,044 63

Asphalt, fiberglass, or 

other shingles 1,483 15,104 16,308 10.2 874 58

Concrete 51 1,642 2,076 32.2 758 66

Other 24 678 567 28.6 1,190 66

No one major type 18 657 333 36.4 1,972 54

Roof characteristics

Roof tilt

Flat 1,960 49,623 57,145 25.3 838 68

Shallow pitch 2,148 23,853 19,542 11.1 1,131 60

Steeper pitch 1,449 13,617 11,495 9.4 1,090 55

Cool roof 740 19,630 21,650 26.5 884 66
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Mean 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Mean

square

feet per 

worker1

Mean 

operating 

hours per 

week

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 15.7 936 62

Table B1. Summary table: total and means of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of operation, 

2012

Renovations in buildings

constructed before 2008

(more than one may apply)

Any type of renovation 2,094 42,216 46,424 20.2 887 63

Addition or annex 444 13,022 12,473 29.3 1,033 68

Reduction in floorspace 71 1,753 2,572 24.6 668 69

Roof replacement 987 20,917 22,872 21.2 896 62

Exterior wall replacement 194 4,230 4,558 21.8 918 66

Interior wall reconfiguration 889 21,340 27,649 24.0 758 63

Window replacement 560 12,265 14,128 21.9 855 65

HVAC equipment upgrade 1,101 26,779 30,162 24.3 872 63

Lighting upgrade 982 25,503 28,277 26.0 891 66

Electrical upgrade 747 16,160 17,723 21.6 894 63

Plumbing system upgrade 644 13,828 16,073 21.5 847 67

Insulation upgrade 382 7,607 8,383 19.9 889 62

Fire, safety, or security upgrade 616 17,196 20,050 27.9 850 68

Structural upgrade 152 3,913 3,724 25.8 1,035 64

Other 39 848 1,011 21.7 838 68

No renovations 3,160 39,154 36,206 12.4 992 59

Buildings constructed 2008 or later 303 5,723 5,552 18.9 978 76

Energy sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity 5,234 84,869 88,114 16.2 935 63

Natural gas 2,933 58,725 62,376 20.0 926 65

Fuel oil 467 20,200 25,625 43.3 781 76

District heat 48 5,964 8,230 124.9 712 87

District chilled water 54 4,608 5,742 85.4 791 87

Propane 510 7,706 5,903 15.1 1,289 64

Wood 69 502 476 7.3 1,036 65

Coal Q Q Q Q Q Q

Solar 40 1,908 1,713 48.2 1,112 84

Other 61 1,386 1,526 22.7 897 64

Space-heating energy sources 

(more than one may apply)

Electricity 2,858 49,030 53,857 17.2 900 64

Natural gas 2,612 49,511 51,754 19.0 940 62

Fuel oil 270 4,351 4,163 16.1 1,021 60

District heat 48 5,925 8,157 124.3 714 87

Propane 342 3,067 2,510 9.0 1,189 55

Wood 63 395 212 6.3 1,819 63

Coal Q Q Q Q Q Q

Solar Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other 32 508 463 15.7 1,098 56
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Mean 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Mean

square

feet per 

worker1

Mean 

operating 

hours per 

week

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 15.7 936 62

Table B1. Summary table: total and means of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of operation, 

2012

Primary space-heating 

energy source

Electricity 1,819 26,205 28,953 14.4 891 66

Natural gas 2,322 42,988 44,641 18.5 946 61

Fuel oil 205 2,542 2,000 12.4 1,221 59

District heat 47 5,797 8,048 122.9 708 87

Propane 261 1,948 1,471 7.5 1,274 52

Wood 38 178 101 4.6 1,736 55

Coal Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other 25 341 Q 13.5 959 54

Cooling energy sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity 4,413 76,034 82,280 17.2 914 64

Natural gas 12 732 1,048 61.5 699 67

District chilled water 54 4,608 5,742 85.4 791 87

Water-heating energy sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity 2,658 42,755 46,793 16.1 905 61

Natural gas 1,758 39,523 41,909 22.5 931 70

Fuel oil 77 1,911 1,627 24.7 1,172 80

District heat 25 4,551 6,365 179.7 712 101

Propane 142 1,575 1,258 11.1 1,236 75

Cooking energy sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity 1,010 25,151 27,312 24.9 914 72

Natural gas 740 24,770 25,861 33.5 955 81

Propane 144 2,001 1,971 13.9 1,011 85

Energy end uses

(more than one may apply)

Buildings with space heating 4,722 80,078 85,624 17.0 918 63

Buildings with cooling 4,461 79,294 85,775 17.8 914 64

Buildings with water heating 4,423 79,015 85,448 17.9 914 65

Buildings with cooking 1,589 38,546 41,216 24.3 929 74

Buildings with manufacturing 259 5,078 5,033 19.6 1,006 57

Buildings with electricity

generation 410 25,642 30,932 62.5 826 92

Percent of floorspace heated

Not heated 835 7,015 2,558 8.4 1,526 56

1 to 50 697 10,130 6,413 14.5 1,521 54

51 to 99 727 14,650 15,548 20.2 936 67

100 3,298 55,298 63,662 16.8 854 64

Percent of floorspace cooled

Not cooled 1,096 7,799 2,407 7.1 1,728 51

1 to 50 1,173 18,891 12,646 16.1 1,472 58

51 to 99 897 22,728 25,280 25.3 892 70

100 2,391 37,676 47,849 15.8 778 65
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Mean 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Mean

square

feet per 

worker1

Mean 

operating 

hours per 

week

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 15.7 936 62

Table B1. Summary table: total and means of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of operation, 

2012

Percent lit when open

Zero 70 322 58 4.6 Q 113

1 to 50 1,099 12,628 6,713 11.5 1,821 64

51 to 99 1,666 34,814 36,393 20.9 952 64

100 2,222 35,726 44,884 16.1 787 65

Building never open/electricity

not used 501 3,603 133 7.2 Q 25

Percent lit during off hours

Zero 2,489 24,746 23,170 9.9 990 48

1 to 50 2,441 50,753 54,552 20.8 921 69

51 to 100 202 6,926 7,816 34.3 879 125

Building always open with 

no "off hours" 102 2,443 2,577 23.9 911 168

Electricity not used 323 2,225 67 6.9 Q 39

Heating equipment 

(more than one may apply)

Heat pumps 628 11,846 13,269 18.9 883 63

Furnaces 755 8,654 8,562 11.5 997 58

Individual space heaters 1,247 20,766 19,345 16.6 1,057 60

District heat 48 5,925 8,157 124.3 714 87

Boilers 544 22,443 25,157 41.3 881 70

Packaged heating units 2,802 49,188 51,098 17.6 949 64

Other 62 1,574 1,202 25.5 1,295 86

Cooling equipment 

(more than one may apply)

Residential-type central air

conditioners 1,546 14,765 15,104 9.5 963 58

Heat pumps 692 12,538 14,265 18.1 873 63

Individual air conditioners 709 12,420 12,342 17.5 1,000 66

District chilled water 54 4,608 5,742 85.4 791 87

Central chillers 163 17,041 21,944 104.6 773 84

Packaged air conditioning units 1,909 45,153 46,979 23.6 953 70

Swamp coolers 109 1,918 1,755 17.5 1,078 66

Other Q 328 474 Q 678 56

Main equipment replaced since 

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating 1,874 27,558 28,670 14.7 947 62

Cooling 1,971 30,702 33,365 15.6 912 63

Water-heating equipment

Centralized system 3,348 47,534 50,164 14.2 934 65

Distributed system 690 12,688 14,214 18.4 887 60

Combination of centralized and

distributed system 385 18,793 21,070 48.8 885 75
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Mean 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Mean

square

feet per 

worker1

Mean 

operating 

hours per 

week

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 15.7 936 62

Table B1. Summary table: total and means of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of operation, 

2012

Lighting equipment types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent 1,826 38,406 41,621 21.0 914 63

Standard fluorescent 4,649 80,081 85,648 17.2 923 64

Compact fluorescent 2,302 53,816 59,903 23.4 893 71

High-intensity discharge (HID) 525 23,396 23,812 44.5 975 72

Halogen 905 28,059 30,498 31.0 917 69

LED 473 22,071 25,900 46.6 851 83

Other 10 446 555 45.2 804 82

Refrigeration equipment

(more than one may apply)

Any refrigeration 3,984 73,645 78,938 18.5 926 65

Walk-in units 811 28,361 31,133 35.0 910 93

Cases or cabinets 915 28,719 31,528 31.4 910 86

Large cold storage areas 78 4,171 3,692 53.4 1,130 89

Commercial ice makers 846 32,734 36,512 38.7 894 90

Residential-type or compact units 3,388 62,381 67,677 18.4 915 61

Vending machines 960 43,936 49,684 45.8 882 80

No refrigeration 1,573 13,448 9,244 8.5 1,023 52

Office equipment

(more than one may apply)

Desktop computers 3,977 77,063 84,337 19.4 911 66

With flat screen monitors 3,847 76,160 83,874 19.8 905 66

With multiple monitors 911 30,946 43,399 34.0 713 67

Laptop computers 2,730 63,486 73,337 23.3 864 66

Dedicated servers 1,748 53,369 63,425 30.5 840 69

Laser printers 2,339 54,256 63,469 23.2 853 66

Inkjet printers 2,187 36,235 37,744 16.6 957 65

FAX machines 3,185 66,682 73,771 20.9 902 66

Photocopiers 2,163 59,277 68,508 27.4 863 64

Number of desktop computers

None 1,581 10,030 3,844 6.3 1,488 51

1 to 4 2,039 15,669 11,304 7.7 1,370 65

5 to 9 821 9,422 9,594 11.5 981 63

10 to 19 482 9,388 8,659 19.5 1,083 65

20 to 49 355 13,094 12,782 36.9 1,022 71

50 to 99 143 8,284 9,293 57.8 891 73

100 to 249 92 9,728 12,514 105.6 777 69

250 or more 44 11,478 20,191 258.3 568 86
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Mean 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Mean

square

feet per 

worker1

Mean 

operating 

hours per 

week

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 15.7 936 62

Table B1. Summary table: total and means of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of operation, 

2012

Number of laptop computers

None 2,827 23,607 14,845 8.4 1,291 58

1 to 4 1,944 21,161 17,749 10.9 1,187 63

5 to 9 350 8,345 8,868 23.9 940 67

10 to 19 181 8,343 9,267 46.0 900 70

20 to 49 144 9,643 11,659 67.2 827 73

50 to 99 58 5,234 8,236 91.0 636 75

100 to 249 35 5,217 6,608 150.9 789 87

250 or more 20 5,542 10,949 280.8 506 95

Number of dedicated servers

None 3,809 33,724 24,756 8.9 1,181 58

1 to 4 1,562 34,097 34,337 21.8 991 68

5 to 9 97 6,241 7,841 64.3 796 74

10 to 19 50 5,711 7,551 113.6 755 82

20 to 49 25 3,758 6,685 147.4 562 82

50 or more 13 3,562 7,012 271.4 508 100

Number of photocopiers

None 3,394 27,816 19,673 8.2 1,189 60

One 1,325 17,080 13,348 12.9 1,270 61

2 to 4 648 20,312 21,540 31.4 943 66

5 to 9 116 8,863 10,503 76.7 844 74

10 or more 75 13,022 23,118 174.7 563 82

Number of TVs or video displays

None 2,718 24,339 17,802 9.0 1,126 53

One 1,145 9,990 10,015 8.7 983 58

2 to 4 1,035 16,465 17,695 15.9 925 68

5 to 9 314 8,148 10,105 25.9 806 82

10 to 19 154 8,168 10,344 53.1 789 90

20 to 49 106 8,058 8,931 76.1 902 102

50 to 99 48 4,378 4,384 90.9 999 129

100 or more 37 7,547 8,904 201.5 848 156

Food preparation or serving areas 

in non-food service buildings

(more than one may apply)

Snack bar or concession stand 153 9,884 10,260 64.6 963 94

Fast food or small restaurant 173 9,787 10,961 56.5 893 92

Cafeteria or large restaurant 130 15,222 17,611 117.1 864 80

Commercial kitchen/

food preparation area 282 16,150 15,343 57.2 1,051 86

Small kitchen area 736 14,054 13,620 19.1 1,017 61

Separate computer areas

(more than one may apply)

Data center or server farm 97 11,105 18,027 115.1 616 82

Computer-based training room 244 17,723 22,237 72.7 797 74

Student or public computer center 238 14,341 12,506 60.1 1,146 70
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Mean 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Mean

square

feet per 

worker1

Mean 

operating 

hours per 

week

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 15.7 936 62

Table B1. Summary table: total and means of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of operation, 

2012

HVAC conservation features 

(more than one may apply)

Economizer cycle 601 30,749 35,394 51.2 866 74

Regular HVAC maintenance 3,178 69,244 77,868 21.8 880 68

Building automation system (BAS)3 781 37,051 42,344 47.5 869 73

Window and interior lighting 

features (more than one may

apply)

Multipaned windows 3,012 60,362 62,267 20.0 944 63

Tinted window glass 1,875 45,025 50,791 24.0 865 65

Reflective window glass 549 15,908 18,998 29.0 826 66

External overhangs or awnings 1,867 32,188 33,758 17.2 938 66

Skylights or atriums 591 22,261 21,919 37.6 995 65

Light scheduling 918 30,263 34,960 33.0 861 75

Occupancy sensors 813 35,871 40,959 44.1 872 75

Multi-level lighting or dimming 349 14,534 16,135 41.7 897 76

Daylight harvesting 125 6,114 7,689 48.8 793 70

Demand responsive lighting 176 4,738 4,902 26.9 952 65

Building automation system (BAS) for 

lighting3 208 12,068 13,218 57.9 911 78

Equipment usage reduced when 

building not in full use 

(more than one may apply)

Heating 3,699 63,167 68,458 17.1 907 58

Cooling 3,517 62,516 68,297 17.8 904 59

Lighting 4,757 78,594 83,812 16.5 928 61

 1Buildings with zero workers are excluded from this column. 

 2

These climate regions were created by the Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy 

Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE). 

 3

In earlier CBECS publications, BAS was referred to as Energy Management and Control System (EMCS).

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See the Guide to the 2012 CBECS Detailed Tables or CBECS Terminology for 

definitions of terms used in these tables and/or comparison of differences with prior CBECS tables. Both references can be accessed from 

http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2012/

 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA-871A of the 2012 

Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.
Release date: February 2015

Revised date: December 2016

Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Median 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Median 

square feet 

per 

worker1

Median 

operating 

hours per 

week

Median 

age of 

buildings 

(years)

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 5.0 1,029 50 32

Building floorspace (square feet)

1,001 to 5,000 2,777 8,041 10,232 2.8 821 45 37

5,001 to 10,000 1,229 8,900 9,225 7.0 1,167 50 31

10,001 to 25,000 884 14,105 14,189 15.0 1,444 55 32

25,001 to 50,000 332 11,917 11,327 35.0 1,461 60 29

50,001 to 100,000 199 13,918 12,345 67.0 1,442 60 26

100,001 to 200,000 90 12,415 11,310 132.5 1,750 70 25

200,001 to 500,000 38 10,724 10,356 260.9 1,752 76 27

Over 500,000 8 7,074 9,196 737.0 1,195 126 29

Principal building activity

Education 389 12,239 10,885 10.0 1,033 50 30

Food sales 177 1,252 1,172 3.2 1,033 114 30

Food service 380 1,819 3,431 3.6 567 80 33

Health care 157 4,155 7,613 5.0 556 48 31

Inpatient 10 2,374 4,281 101.0 573 168 36

Outpatient 147 1,781 3,333 5.0 556 48 31

Lodging 158 5,826 3,066 14.7 2,541 168 37

Mercantile 602 11,330 9,117 6.6 1,200 60 33

Retail (other than mall) 438 5,439 4,023 5.0 1,450 56 37

Enclosed and strip malls 164 5,890 5,094 13.6 920 70 28

Office 1,012 15,952 33,756 5.0 600 47 33

Public assembly 352 5,559 3,108 5.4 1,800 50 41

Public order and safety 84 1,440 1,854 6.1 750 168 23

Religious worship 412 4,557 1,940 6.0 2,700 20 41

Service 619 4,630 4,031 4.0 1,200 50 35

Warehouse and storage 796 13,077 6,362 5.5 1,500 50 26

Other 125 2,002 1,611 6.0 1,500 50 28

Vacant 296 3,256 236 4.3 4,800 0 50

Year constructed

Before 1920 362 3,983 3,310 4.8 1,200 42 112

1920 to 1945 488 6,025 6,003 4.0 1,200 45 82

1946 to 1959 599 7,381 6,566 4.0 1,100 45 59

1960 to 1969 639 10,362 9,851 6.0 1,061 50 48

1970 to 1979 684 10,846 12,536 5.3 947 50 38

1980 to 1989 915 15,230 17,468 5.8 1,000 50 27

1990 to 1999 845 13,803 13,432 5.0 1,000 53 17

2000 to 2003 375 7,215 7,471 5.5 1,000 55 11

2004 to 2007 347 6,524 5,993 6.0 1,100 50 6

2008 to 2012 303 5,723 5,552 6.8 1,106 60 3

Table B2. Summary table: total and medians of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of 

operation, 2012
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Median 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Median 

square feet 

per 

worker1

Median 

operating 

hours per 

week

Median 

age of 

buildings 

(years)

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 5.0 1,029 50 32

Table B2. Summary table: total and medians of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of 

operation, 2012

Census region and division

Northeast 805 15,534 17,775 6.0 1,050 54 46

New England 302 4,302 4,165 5.6 1,000 50 37

Middle Atlantic 504 11,232 13,610 6.0 1,100 55 48

Midwest 1,237 18,919 17,261 5.0 1,286 50 37

East North Central 735 12,742 11,933 5.0 1,200 50 37

West North Central 502 6,178 5,329 4.8 1,450 48 37

South 2,247 34,279 32,666 5.0 1,000 50 29

South Atlantic 1,091 17,981 18,098 5.3 992 54 28

East South Central 370 4,904 4,293 5.0 1,071 45 33

West South Central 786 11,394 10,275 5.0 1,000 48 29

West 1,267 18,360 20,479 5.3 960 50 32

Mountain 338 4,981 4,600 5.0 980 50 29

Pacific 929 13,379 15,878 5.5 960 50 34

Climate region2

Very cold/Cold 2,031 31,898 30,739 5.2 1,123 50 37

Mixed-humid 1,743 27,873 28,708 5.0 1,029 50 32

Mixed-dry/Hot-dry 837 12,037 13,056 5.8 948 50 32

Hot-humid 799 12,831 12,541 5.0 1,000 50 28

Marine 147 2,454 3,138 5.0 1,000 60 33

Number of floors

One 3,836 39,809 35,019 4.5 1,000 50 29

Two 1,158 20,206 19,744 7.0 1,098 50 42

Three 374 8,140 7,826 7.8 1,200 55 72

Four to nine 177 13,535 16,248 40.0 1,043 60 60

Ten or more 13 5,404 9,343 292.4 655 72 37

Elevators and escalators 

(more than one may apply)

Any elevators 405 32,120 39,978 40.0 1,040 60 31

Number of elevators

One 272 11,158 11,347 25.0 1,200 60 37

Two to five 118 12,817 15,489 80.0 932 67 27

Six or more 16 8,145 13,143 387.5 687 122 30

Any escalators 10 3,654 4,822 100.8 784 100 62

Number of workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 2,892 17,751 5,064 3.3 1,667 45 37

5 to 9 1,085 8,973 7,017 5.0 833 50 32

10 to 19 731 9,623 9,472 7.9 625 56 28

20 to 49 513 14,514 14,881 16.9 648 60 28

50 to 99 206 13,476 13,424 48.3 771 60 29

100 to 249 93 10,941 13,368 77.0 536 65 27

250 or more 37 11,815 24,956 201.7 388 69 28
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Median 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Median 

square feet 

per 

worker1

Median 

operating 

hours per 

week

Median 

age of 

buildings 

(years)

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 5.0 1,029 50 32

Table B2. Summary table: total and medians of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of 

operation, 2012

Weekly operating hours

Fewer than 40 1,149 8,220 3,291 3.6 1,511 8 42

40 to 48 1,346 15,828 17,546 4.8 905 40 34

49 to 60 1,244 20,529 24,845 6.6 1,000 55 31

61 to 84 764 15,867 16,679 7.0 960 72 32

85 to 167 479 9,395 8,087 5.0 967 104 27

Open continuously 575 17,253 17,734 7.0 1,250 168 26

Ownership and occupancy

Nongovernment owned 4,781 67,550 68,505 5.0 1,050 50 32

Owner occupied 2,466 30,637 25,871 5.0 1,250 50 33

Leased to tenant(s) 1,745 26,115 32,033 5.0 916 55 31

Owner occupied and leased 349 8,873 10,601 8.5 967 50 31

Unoccupied 221 1,925 0 3.0 N 0 49

Government owned 776 19,543 19,676 6.3 960 48 34

Federal 33 1,573 2,135 9.5 570 56 32

State 185 5,539 5,579 7.0 1,050 48 41

Local 558 12,431 11,963 6.0 934 45 32

Party responsible for operation

and maintenance of energy

systems

Building owner 4,715 73,702 74,433 5.0 1,072 50 33

Business owner or tenant 724 11,309 11,128 5.6 928 56 32

Property management 54 1,250 1,757 4.8 781 60 26

Other 64 832 864 5.2 1,042 48 26

Provider of direct input on energyrelated equipment purchases

Building owner 4,876 76,271 76,830 5.0 1,074 50 33

Business owner or tenant 540 8,256 8,617 5.5 853 59 33

Property management 35 880 954 4.5 450 60 30

Other 106 1,686 1,781 6.1 958 50 26

Number of establishments

One 4,205 54,994 52,072 4.9 1,094 50 32

2 to 5 862 17,756 18,916 7.2 933 50 32

6 to 10 147 4,425 5,890 14.0 832 60 29

11 to 20 68 3,704 5,276 29.9 790 66 25

More than 20 27 3,821 6,028 61.6 714 74 27

Currently unoccupied 248 2,393 0 3.2 N 0 52
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Median 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Median 

square feet 

per 

worker1

Median 

operating 

hours per 

week

Median 

age of 

buildings 

(years)

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 5.0 1,029 50 32

Table B2. Summary table: total and medians of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of 

operation, 2012

Campus or complex activity

Not part of a campus or complex 3,683 52,275 51,924 5.0 1,000 50 36

Primary or secondary school 237 4,616 4,670 5.7 1,000 40 30

College or university 84 4,068 3,090 24.0 1,612 72 42

Office complex 154 3,456 7,205 6.5 629 45 29

Retail complex 258 5,159 4,524 6.8 889 65 28

Storage complex 314 3,212 726 4.0 2,500 84 16

Religious campus or complex 197 1,932 1,027 5.3 1,750 30 41

Health care complex 52 3,362 5,715 10.0 554 60 29

Lodging or resort complex 65 1,295 817 5.6 1,400 168 35

Transportation complex 35 554 681 4.8 1,500 50 33

Government complex 104 2,107 3,236 5.2 682 49 40

Other 371 5,057 4,566 5.0 1,020 50 30

Predominant exterior wall material

Brick, stone, or stucco 2,312 40,463 41,653 5.7 1,000 50 40

Concrete (block or poured) 1,121 20,726 20,195 5.9 1,067 50 38

Concrete panels 210 8,693 9,482 12.0 1,050 60 26

Siding or shingles 905 5,750 6,012 3.6 933 48 34

Metal panels 933 8,673 5,804 5.0 1,440 50 21

Window glass 17 1,340 2,652 13.2 507 60 25

Other 37 856 844 4.9 1,250 50 31

No one major type 21 592 Q 11.0 1,080 58 25

Predominant roof material

Metal surfacing 1,672 15,916 12,016 5.0 1,250 50 23

Synthetic or rubber 911 25,817 27,573 8.0 1,003 55 39

Built-up 836 21,835 24,082 7.2 1,000 50 40

Slate or tile shingles 406 4,306 4,227 4.4 1,000 49 38

Wooden materials (including

shingles) 157 1,139 999 3.6 1,200 55 41

Asphalt, fiberglass, or 

other shingles 1,483 15,104 16,308 4.5 900 48 38

Concrete 51 1,642 2,076 8.8 818 55 33

Other 24 678 567 12.0 1,167 53 37

No one major type 18 657 333 11.9 1,956 49 38

Roof characteristics

Roof tilt

Flat 1,960 49,623 57,145 7.5 976 55 37

Shallow pitch 2,148 23,853 19,542 4.5 1,100 50 31

Steeper pitch 1,449 13,617 11,495 4.9 1,136 45 32

Cool roof 740 19,630 21,650 6.6 1,000 55 29
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Median 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Median 

square feet 

per 

worker1

Median 

operating 

hours per 

week

Median 

age of 

buildings 

(years)

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 5.0 1,029 50 32

Table B2. Summary table: total and medians of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of 

operation, 2012

Renovations in buildings

constructed before 2008

(more than one may apply)

Any type of renovation 2,094 42,216 46,424 5.7 1,000 50 44

Addition or annex 444 13,022 12,473 7.6 1,083 55 41

Reduction in floorspace 71 1,753 2,572 6.0 1,200 60 45

Roof replacement 987 20,917 22,872 5.8 1,029 50 48

Exterior wall replacement 194 4,230 4,558 5.0 1,000 55 52

Interior wall reconfiguration 889 21,340 27,649 6.0 885 50 44

Window replacement 560 12,265 14,128 6.0 1,000 50 53

HVAC equipment upgrade 1,101 26,779 30,162 6.5 1,003 50 46

Lighting upgrade 982 25,503 28,277 6.4 1,020 51 47

Electrical upgrade 747 16,160 17,723 5.2 1,000 50 52

Plumbing system upgrade 644 13,828 16,073 5.4 1,000 50 51

Insulation upgrade 382 7,607 8,383 5.6 993 50 50

Fire, safety, or security upgrade 616 17,196 20,050 6.5 1,000 55 48

Structural upgrade 152 3,913 3,724 7.0 908 51 47

Other 39 848 1,011 4.0 1,600 55 55

No renovations 3,160 39,154 36,206 5.0 1,050 50 29

Buildings constructed 2008 or later 303 5,723 5,552 6.8 1,106 60 3

Energy sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity 5,234 84,869 88,114 5.2 1,026 50 32

Natural gas 2,933 58,725 62,376 6.3 1,000 50 37

Fuel oil 467 20,200 25,625 7.0 1,181 54 42

District heat 48 5,964 8,230 57.4 1,269 72 45

District chilled water 54 4,608 5,742 29.2 1,146 75 33

Propane 510 7,706 5,903 5.1 1,333 50 31

Wood 69 502 476 3.5 1,600 54 42

Coal Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Solar 40 1,908 1,713 13.9 1,258 60 30

Other 61 1,386 1,526 7.8 1,263 54 37

Space-heating energy sources 

(more than one may apply)

Electricity 2,858 49,030 53,857 5.3 1,000 50 32

Natural gas 2,612 49,511 51,754 6.3 1,011 50 38

Fuel oil 270 4,351 4,163 4.8 1,350 50 50

District heat 48 5,925 8,157 57.4 1,269 72 45

Propane 342 3,067 2,510 5.0 1,350 45 31

Wood 63 395 212 3.4 1,800 54 40

Coal Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Solar Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other 32 508 463 11.0 1,263 50 37
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Median 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Median 

square feet 

per 

worker1

Median 

operating 

hours per 

week

Median 

age of 

buildings 

(years)

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 5.0 1,029 50 32

Table B2. Summary table: total and medians of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of 

operation, 2012

Primary space-heating 

energy source

Electricity 1,819 26,205 28,953 5.0 960 50 28

Natural gas 2,322 42,988 44,641 6.0 1,024 50 38

Fuel oil 205 2,542 2,000 4.5 1,333 48 52

District heat 47 5,797 8,048 57.4 1,222 72 45

Propane 261 1,948 1,471 4.8 1,500 45 27

Wood 38 178 101 3.2 1,600 54 40

Coal Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other 25 341 Q 8.1 1,222 50 38

Cooling energy sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity 4,413 76,034 82,280 5.6 1,000 50 32

Natural gas 12 732 1,048 9.9 1,275 48 52

District chilled water 54 4,608 5,742 29.2 1,146 75 33

Water-heating energy sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity 2,658 42,755 46,793 5.2 1,000 50 31

Natural gas 1,758 39,523 41,909 7.0 1,000 56 37

Fuel oil 77 1,911 1,627 7.0 1,350 60 52

District heat 25 4,551 6,365 96.7 1,273 80 46

Propane 142 1,575 1,258 5.6 1,200 54 26

Cooking energy sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity 1,010 25,151 27,312 6.0 1,063 60 33

Natural gas 740 24,770 25,861 8.0 963 70 37

Propane 144 2,001 1,971 4.8 1,100 75 28

Energy end uses

(more than one may apply)

Buildings with space heating 4,722 80,078 85,624 5.4 1,017 50 33

Buildings with cooling 4,461 79,294 85,775 5.7 1,000 50 32

Buildings with water heating 4,423 79,015 85,448 5.8 1,000 50 33

Buildings with cooking 1,589 38,546 41,216 6.2 1,033 60 35

Buildings with manufacturing 259 5,078 5,033 6.7 1,167 50 30

Buildings with electricity

generation 410 25,642 30,932 15.0 1,010 66 27

Percent of floorspace heated

Not heated 835 7,015 2,558 3.5 1,285 45 30

1 to 50 697 10,130 6,413 6.0 1,408 48 34

51 to 99 727 14,650 15,548 6.5 1,153 55 37

100 3,298 55,298 63,662 5.0 951 50 33

Percent of floorspace cooled

Not cooled 1,096 7,799 2,407 3.6 1,500 40 33

1 to 50 1,173 18,891 12,646 6.4 1,400 50 35

51 to 99 897 22,728 25,280 7.5 973 55 36

100 2,391 37,676 47,849 5.0 833 50 31
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Median 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Median 

square feet 

per 

worker1

Median 

operating 

hours per 

week

Median 

age of 

buildings 

(years)

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 5.0 1,029 50 32

Table B2. Summary table: total and medians of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of 

operation, 2012

Percent lit when open

Zero 70 322 58 3.5 Q 105 9

1 to 50 1,099 12,628 6,713 5.0 1,667 48 39

51 to 99 1,666 34,814 36,393 7.0 1,000 50 34

100 2,222 35,726 44,884 5.0 875 54 30

Building never open/electricity

not used 501 3,603 133 3.0 Q 0 39

Percent lit during off hours

Zero 2,489 24,746 23,170 4.8 1,131 45 33

1 to 50 2,441 50,753 54,552 6.5 1,000 58 33

51 to 100 202 6,926 7,816 6.7 933 168 32

Building always open with 

no "off hours" 102 2,443 2,577 5.2 1,000 168 20

Electricity not used 323 2,225 67 3.0 Q 0 33

Heating equipment 

(more than one may apply)

Heat pumps 628 11,846 13,269 5.6 960 50 27

Furnaces 755 8,654 8,562 5.4 1,000 50 33

Individual space heaters 1,247 20,766 19,345 5.3 1,200 50 42

District heat 48 5,925 8,157 57.4 1,269 72 45

Boilers 544 22,443 25,157 14.0 1,201 55 46

Packaged heating units 2,802 49,188 51,098 6.0 1,000 51 32

Other 62 1,574 1,202 8.0 1,250 70 32

Cooling equipment 

(more than one may apply)

Residential-type central air

conditioners 1,546 14,765 15,104 5.0 1,000 50 35

Heat pumps 692 12,538 14,265 5.5 955 50 27

Individual air conditioners 709 12,420 12,342 5.0 1,200 50 47

District chilled water 54 4,608 5,742 29.2 1,146 75 33

Central chillers 163 17,041 21,944 51.0 1,271 60 32

Packaged air conditioning units 1,909 45,153 46,979 7.6 960 58 31

Swamp coolers 109 1,918 1,755 4.9 1,060 59 37

Other Q 328 474 10.5 1,220 40 54

Main equipment replaced since 

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating 1,874 27,558 28,670 5.2 1,000 50 47

Cooling 1,971 30,702 33,365 5.3 1,000 50 47

Water-heating equipment

Centralized system 3,348 47,534 50,164 5.2 1,000 50 34

Distributed system 690 12,688 14,214 6.0 1,050 50 32

Combination of centralized and

distributed system 385 18,793 21,070 16.9 1,010 61 29
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Median 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Median 

square feet 

per 

worker1

Median 

operating 

hours per 

week

Median 

age of 

buildings 

(years)

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 5.0 1,029 50 32

Table B2. Summary table: total and medians of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of 

operation, 2012

Lighting equipment types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent 1,826 38,406 41,621 6.0 1,038 50 39

Standard fluorescent 4,649 80,081 85,648 5.5 1,000 50 32

Compact fluorescent 2,302 53,816 59,903 6.7 1,000 57 33

High-intensity discharge (HID) 525 23,396 23,812 14.0 1,250 60 30

Halogen 905 28,059 30,498 8.8 1,143 59 31

LED 473 22,071 25,900 14.7 1,005 70 29

Other 10 446 555 10.0 750 70 34

Refrigeration equipment

(more than one may apply)

Any refrigeration 3,984 73,645 78,938 5.8 1,000 52 33

Walk-in units 811 28,361 31,133 6.6 862 84 31

Cases or cabinets 915 28,719 31,528 6.6 967 76 31

Large cold storage areas 78 4,171 3,692 11.0 1,012 78 25

Commercial ice makers 846 32,734 36,512 9.3 931 78 28

Residential-type or compact units 3,388 62,381 67,677 5.9 1,000 50 34

Vending machines 960 43,936 49,684 17.1 1,000 65 29

No refrigeration 1,573 13,448 9,244 4.0 1,237 44 32

Office equipment

(more than one may apply)

Desktop computers 3,977 77,063 84,337 6.3 984 50 32

With flat screen monitors 3,847 76,160 83,874 6.4 960 50 32

With multiple monitors 911 30,946 43,399 10.0 744 55 29

Laptop computers 2,730 63,486 73,337 7.2 1,000 51 32

Dedicated servers 1,748 53,369 63,425 9.9 832 55 31

Laser printers 2,339 54,256 63,469 7.2 889 50 32

Inkjet printers 2,187 36,235 37,744 5.8 1,013 50 32

FAX machines 3,185 66,682 73,771 6.6 963 50 32

Photocopiers 2,163 59,277 68,508 9.0 900 50 32

Number of desktop computers

None 1,581 10,030 3,844 3.3 1,500 40 36

1 to 4 2,039 15,669 11,304 4.5 1,200 50 35

5 to 9 821 9,422 9,594 6.0 828 50 32

10 to 19 482 9,388 8,659 9.9 700 51 27

20 to 49 355 13,094 12,782 19.5 757 55 27

50 to 99 143 8,284 9,293 36.4 677 60 36

100 to 249 92 9,728 12,514 68.0 768 55 30

250 or more 44 11,478 20,191 174.1 720 64 29
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Median 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Median 

square feet 

per 

worker1

Median 

operating 

hours per 

week

Median 

age of 

buildings 

(years)

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 5.0 1,029 50 32

Table B2. Summary table: total and medians of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of 

operation, 2012

Number of laptop computers

None 2,827 23,607 14,845 4.0 1,200 48 33

1 to 4 1,944 21,161 17,749 5.2 1,042 50 33

5 to 9 350 8,345 8,868 10.0 765 55 30

10 to 19 181 8,343 9,267 25.0 750 56 27

20 to 49 144 9,643 11,659 40.8 642 55 30

50 to 99 58 5,234 8,236 55.9 830 55 31

100 to 249 35 5,217 6,608 100.0 1,205 60 33

250 or more 20 5,542 10,949 189.7 726 70 26

Number of dedicated servers

None 3,809 33,724 24,756 4.3 1,200 48 33

1 to 4 1,562 34,097 34,337 8.3 862 55 32

5 to 9 97 6,241 7,841 34.0 600 55 27

10 to 19 50 5,711 7,551 68.0 750 60 27

20 to 49 25 3,758 6,685 72.0 500 60 26

50 or more 13 3,562 7,012 155.0 542 72 27

Number of photocopiers

None 3,394 27,816 19,673 4.0 1,200 50 33

One 1,325 17,080 13,348 6.0 1,025 50 33

2 to 4 648 20,312 21,540 14.5 800 54 28

5 to 9 116 8,863 10,503 44.7 792 60 28

10 or more 75 13,022 23,118 78.0 507 60 30

Number of TVs or video displays

None 2,718 24,339 17,802 4.0 1,106 45 33

One 1,145 9,990 10,015 4.6 1,000 50 33

2 to 4 1,035 16,465 17,695 7.2 976 57 30

5 to 9 314 8,148 10,105 9.6 903 70 31

10 to 19 154 8,168 10,344 26.4 933 70 32

20 to 49 106 8,058 8,931 40.0 1,275 78 27

50 to 99 48 4,378 4,384 50.0 1,720 168 26

100 or more 37 7,547 8,904 91.0 2,541 168 28

Food preparation or serving areas 

in non-food service buildings

(more than one may apply)

Snack bar or concession stand 153 9,884 10,260 11.0 1,274 81 32

Fast food or small restaurant 173 9,787 10,961 13.0 920 77 25

Cafeteria or large restaurant 130 15,222 17,611 66.9 1,250 60 34

Commercial kitchen/

food preparation area 282 16,150 15,343 20.0 1,417 70 31

Small kitchen area 736 14,054 13,620 6.0 1,400 48 40

Separate computer areas

(more than one may apply)

Data center or server farm 97 11,105 18,027 40.0 584 56 28

Computer-based training room 244 17,723 22,237 30.0 1,000 60 27

Student or public computer center 238 14,341 12,506 28.0 1,208 55 31
Number of 

buildings 

(thousand)

Total

floorspace

(million 

square feet)

Total

workers

(thousand)

Median 

square feet

per building 

(thousand)

Median 

square feet 

per 

worker1

Median 

operating 

hours per 

week

Median 

age of 

buildings 

(years)

All buildings 5,557 87,093 88,182 5.0 1,029 50 32

Table B2. Summary table: total and medians of floorspace, number of workers, and hours of 

operation, 2012

HVAC conservation features 

(more than one may apply)

Economizer cycle 601 30,749 35,394 16.5 1,028 60 27

Regular HVAC maintenance 3,178 69,244 77,868 6.8 960 55 31

Building automation system (BAS)3 781 37,051 42,344 14.0 1,077 60 24

Window and interior lighting 

features (more than one may

apply)

Multipaned windows 3,012 60,362 62,267 6.3 1,000 50 28

Tinted window glass 1,875 45,025 50,791 7.2 960 54 28

Reflective window glass 549 15,908 18,998 8.8 967 58 26

External overhangs or awnings 1,867 32,188 33,758 5.6 1,000 55 33

Skylights or atriums 591 22,261 21,919 11.0 1,180 55 28

Light scheduling 918 30,263 34,960 9.5 1,000 61 27

Occupancy sensors 813 35,871 40,959 14.2 987 60 26

Multi-level lighting or dimming 349 14,534 16,135 13.0 1,000 70 28

Daylight harvesting 125 6,114 7,689 14.0 930 60 27

Demand responsive lighting 176 4,738 4,902 9.5 1,098 55 32

Building automation system (BAS) for 

lighting3 208 12,068 13,218 16.2 1,137 70 19

Equipment usage reduced when 

building not in full use 

(more than one may apply)

Heating 3,699 63,167 68,458 5.5 1,014 50 34

Cooling 3,517 62,516 68,297 5.8 1,000 50 33

Lighting 4,757 78,594 83,812 5.4 1,012 50 33

 1Buildings with zero workers are excluded from this column. 

 2These climate regions were created by the Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency 

and Renewable Energy (EERE). 

 3

In earlier CBECS publications, BAS was referred to as Energy Management and Control System (EMCS) .

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Guide to the 2012 CBECS Detailed Tables or CBECS Terminology for definition 

of terms used in these tables and/or comparison of differences with prior CBECS tables. Both references can be accessed from 

http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2012/

 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA-871A of the 2012 Commercial 

Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.