1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 162 56 60 48 39 16 5 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 226 164 44 Q Q Q Q N N

Food Service ..................................... 297 202 65 23 Q Q N Q N

Health Care ....................................... 129 56 38 19 5 5 3 2 1

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 N N Q Q Q Q 2 1

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 56 38 19 Q 3 Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 142 38 21 38 23 11 7 4 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 241 97 83 14 Q 4 Q Q

Office ................................................ 824 503 127 116 43 17 11 5 2

Public Assembly ............................... 277 119 67 69 9 7 6 Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 37 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 152 104 83 27 Q Q Q N

Service .............................................. 622 434 100 66 17 Q Q Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 294 110 130 27 21 8 4 Q

Other ................................................ 79 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 108 Q Q 13 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 174 71 55 19 7 Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 315 107 64 23 9 5 4 1

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 331 90 90 26 14 8 2 1

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 298 120 95 33 22 8 3 0

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 350 180 122 48 16 10 4 1

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 438 98 103 32 20 10 4 2

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 481 158 151 39 28 15 4 1

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 165 66 58 21 13 8 2 Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 364 149 127 36 27 15 6 2

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 725 213 198 71 34 17 8 1

South ................................................ 1,775 965 361 278 88 49 25 7 2

West ................................................. 878 498 165 135 46 19 8 5 2

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 476 157 147 42 19 9 4 1

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 621 226 200 62 36 19 7 2

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 375 129 89 35 26 12 5 2

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 723 257 185 59 30 16 5 1

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 357 121 117 43 18 8 3 1

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 2,014 564 399 92 46 16 4 Q

Two ................................................... 1,031 411 239 248 77 35 13 6 Q

Three ................................................ 339 115 70 74 46 21 11 3 Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 Q Q 18 26 25 23 8 2

Ten or More ...................................... 12 N N Q Q Q 3 4 3

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 49

Released: June 2006

Next CBECS will be conducted in 2007
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 Q 29 61 81 57 41 19 5

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 Q 29 57 62 29 11 4 Q

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 N N Q 19 28 29 9 Q

 Six or More ..................................... 13 N N Q Q Q Q 6 5

Any Escalators .................................. 6 N Q Q N Q Q 1 2

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 1,879 452 268 36 10 6 Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 422 192 134 24 4 Q Q N

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 202 146 154 38 16 Q Q N

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 43 87 131 82 41 11 2 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 Q Q 42 44 31 15 4 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 Q Q Q 17 21 18 6 Q

250 or More ...................................... 30 N N N Q 5 10 8 5

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 689 179 99 20 9 4 Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 628 238 166 48 26 8 2 Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 532 197 206 73 33 13 6 1

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 262 114 130 50 18 13 3 1

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 213 84 51 16 20 11 4 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 475 228 77 85 35 22 16 9 3

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 2,272 783 625 185 82 43 16 5

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 980 384 320 91 35 21 7 2

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 1,205 375 293 86 40 20 8 3

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 87 Q Q Q Q Q Q N

Government Owned .......................... 635 280 106 113 56 47 22 9 2

 Federal ........................................... 46 Q Q Q Q Q Q 2 1

 State ............................................... 164 77 Q 40 16 9 8 1 Q

 Local ............................................... 425 183 87 64 36 37 12 5 Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 100 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q Q Q Q Q Q N N

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 269 91 108 37 22 12 6 3

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 2,175 769 610 191 100 50 17 3

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 2,131 720 590 163 87 43 15 3

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 311 136 104 50 25 11 5 1

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 Q Q 22 11 4 4 Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 Q N Q Q 5 Q 1 Q

More than 20 ..................................... 14 N Q Q Q Q Q 2 1

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 100 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 50

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 978 421 387 135 71 35 13 3

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 449 130 119 44 26 12 4 1

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 36 24 22 20 12 10 4 2

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 587 117 56 12 Q Q Q Q

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 457 184 142 26 10 4 Q Q

Window Glass ................................... 17 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 47 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 18 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 494 191 173 91 51 25 8 4

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 847 234 183 46 8 4 3 Q

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 721 272 225 41 19 7 Q Q

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 206 100 92 41 38 23 9 2

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 155 53 36 12 4 Q Q Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 91 Q Q Q Q Q Q N

Concrete ........................................... 61 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 16 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 25 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 489 219 170 77 35 18 8 2

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 104 51 44 28 16 8 3 1

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 356 154 130 54 26 13 6 2

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 156 98 60 29 14 8 4 1

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 190 84 80 27 15 8 4 2

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 164 95 100 43 22 12 6 2

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 183 94 102 37 21 11 5 2

 Window Replacement .................... 310 134 65 64 24 14 6 3 1

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 128 73 66 23 13 7 4 1

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 124 38 35 16 8 4 2 1

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 979 349 255 72 32 15 7 1

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 1,084 321 312 92 62 32 10 3

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 2,384 834 727 234 128 65 24 7

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 1,110 496 450 168 95 48 19 5

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 209 99 61 22 23 21 12 4

District Heat ...................................... 67 Q Q 18 10 8 9 4 2

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q Q 6 5 6 2 1

Propane ............................................ 502 295 100 64 18 13 7 4 Q

Other ................................................ 132 79 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 51

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 2,100 782 659 225 123 62 24 6

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 1,841 732 629 216 118 60 23 6

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 1,715 725 607 217 119 60 23 6

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 354 155 127 69 50 28 14 4

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 Q 29 28 Q 8 3 2 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 Q Q 31 18 25 21 10 4

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 452 107 79 16 Q Q Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 262 112 107 22 13 5 Q Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 258 99 89 27 13 6 4 2

100 ................................................... 2,962 1,580 570 463 176 98 52 19 4

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 710 157 109 25 11 5 Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 407 226 225 64 41 14 6 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 279 133 126 43 25 14 7 2

100 ................................................... 2,011 1,155 374 277 109 52 32 10 3

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 47 Q Q Q Q Q N Q N

1 to 50 .............................................. 929 524 149 184 47 16 7 Q Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 1,108 540 220 203 80 37 18 8 2

100 ................................................... 2,176 1,184 444 323 102 69 37 14 4

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 386 268 73 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 1,964 1,205 374 272 66 30 12 4 Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 1,882 903 376 352 129 72 35 11 2

51 to 100 ........................................... 136 87 Q 19 Q 5 2 Q Q

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 664 356 121 95 41 22 16 9 3

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 258 63 86 33 21 9 5 1

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 150 40 46 21 12 6 2 1

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 95 Q 30 9 7 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q Q 15 10 8 3 2 Q

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 1,039 391 307 76 30 15 5 1

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 415 170 142 49 25 12 5 1

District Heat ...................................... 65 Q Q 18 9 8 9 4 2

Boilers .............................................. 579 162 105 138 78 49 31 13 3

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 423 214 170 69 47 20 7 2

Other ................................................ 205 121 Q 28 13 6 Q 2 Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 52

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 581 207 140 47 19 8 4 1

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 260 78 87 33 20 8 4 1

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 147 51 49 19 12 6 2 1

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 100 Q 30 10 6 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q Q 15 10 7 3 2 1

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 383 134 114 62 27 16 4 1

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q Q 6 5 6 2 1

Central Chillers ................................. 111 Q Q 26 19 24 17 10 3

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 678 367 332 119 67 32 13 3

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 58 26 26 Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 40 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 615 233 220 76 34 13 5 1

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 662 288 251 87 41 18 8 2

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 2,184 1,070 416 412 145 75 43 17 5

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 3,943 2,068 772 665 223 123 62 24 6

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 941 382 148 189 102 60 38 16 5

High Intensity Discharge ................... 455 101 88 105 60 51 32 13 4

Halogen ............................................ 565 205 107 123 55 37 25 10 4

Other ................................................ 8 Q Q Q N Q Q Q Q

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may apply)

a

Any Refrigeration............................... 3,176 1,591 642 548 196 114 58 21 6

 Commercial Refrigeration ............... 1,007 486 188 138 78 60 36 16 5

 Walk-In Units ................................ 666 332 124 75 44 44 29 14 5

 Cases or Cabinets ........................ 825 416 146 118 60 41 27 11 4

 Residential-Type Units .................... 2,370 1,159 494 427 148 81 41 16 4

 Vending Machines .......................... 996 268 181 250 134 89 48 19 6

No Refrigeration ................................ 1,469 961 247 190 45 15 7 3 Q

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 1,405 643 599 222 123 59 23 6

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 310 176 190 94 53 33 17 5

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 385 209 286 135 87 46 21 6

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 915 400 386 145 77 32 12 3

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 562 291 313 127 71 36 14 5

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 1,227 545 529 206 119 60 22 6

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 706 412 439 189 108 57 22 6

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 53

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 1,147 246 139 19 6 Q Q Q

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 997 373 244 37 13 5 Q N

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 241 135 128 36 15 4 Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 138 74 89 42 17 7 Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 Q 60 93 50 18 7 3 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 Q Q 37 35 21 6 3 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 Q N Q 21 30 14 4 Q

250 or More ...................................... 38 N N N Q 7 15 9 5

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 2,166 680 452 106 41 20 4 Q

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 380 197 260 112 68 30 12 1

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 Q Q Q 13 10 6 2 1

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 Q Q Q Q 5 5 3 1

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 N N Q Q Q 3 2 1

50 or More ........................................ 10 N N Q Q Q Q 2 2

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 1,846 477 299 52 20 8 Q Q

One ................................................... 1,250 565 296 267 78 30 10 3 Q

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 131 110 148 82 50 23 5 Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 Q Q 19 17 15 11 6 Q

10 or More ........................................ 54 N N Q 11 14 13 8 5

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 352 155 127 69 50 28 14 4

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 161 134 114 71 45 27 12 4

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 115 81 137 91 68 37 18 6

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 154 72 92 56 45 30 13 4

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 164 83 100 61 49 33 14 4

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 1,187 507 486 198 113 60 23 6

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 55 29 49 41 37 26 11 4

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 1,053 441 421 140 80 46 16 5

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 564 288 254 99 62 36 15 5

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 146 39 63 27 13 12 5 2

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 636 267 202 70 31 19 7 1

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 114 54 68 37 29 17 10 2

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 Q Q Q 6 5 3 2 1

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 382 163 181 99 51 30 17 5

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 1,265 525 431 175 101 51 22 6

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 Q Q Q 11 8 6 4 2

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 54

CONTINUED
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 1,529 553 485 160 88 42 17 5

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 1,424 538 477 169 87 43 18 5

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 2,001 725 610 191 96 45 14 3

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 756 317 278 86 42 18 6 Q

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to 

the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 55

CONTINUED