Released: August 2021

Next MECS will be fielded in 2023.

Table 10.5 Number of Establishments with Capability to Switch Residual Fuel Oil to Alternative Energy Sources, 2018

Level: National Data;Row: NAICS Codes;Column: Energy Sources;

Unit: Establishment Counts.

NAICS Total Not Electricity Natural Distillate HGL (exclud

Code(a) Subsector and Industry Consumed(d) Switchable Switchable Receipts(e) Gas Fuel Oil Coal natural gasolin

Total United States

311 Food 16 D 9 0 D 0 0 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 6 D 0 0 6 00 

311221 Wet Corn Milling 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing D 0 4 0 0 00 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food D 0 D 0 0 00 

3115 Dairy Product 4 D D 0 D 00 3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing D 0 D 0 0 00 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 5 3 D 0 3 00 

3121 Beverages D 0 D 0 0 00 3122 Tobacco D 3 0 0 3 00 

313 Textile Mills Q Q 0 Q D QQ 

314 Textile Product Mills 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

315 Apparel 0 0 0 0 0 00 316 Leather and Allied Products 0 0 0 0 0 00 

321 Wood Products 15 0 15 0 0 0 0 

321113 Sawmills D 0 D 0 0 00 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods D 0 D 0 0 00 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products D 0 D 0 0 0 0 

3219 Other Wood Products Q 0 Q 0 0 0 0 

322 Paper 47 12 38 0 10 D 0 

322110 Pulp Mills D D D 0 0 D0 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 20 D 16 0 4 0 0 

322122 Newsprint Mills 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

322130 Paperboard Mills 17 6 12 0 6 0 0 

323 Printing and Related Support D D 0 0 D 0 0 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 47 23 25 0 20 20 0 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 5 D 4 0 D 00 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 42 D 21 0 D 20 0 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 0 0 0 0 0 00 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products 0 0 0 0 0 00 

325 Chemicals 9 3 7 0 3 D0 

325110 Petrochemicals 0 0 0 0 0 00 325120 Industrial Gases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 0 0 0 0 0 00 325193 Ethyl Alcohol 0 0 0 0 0 00 325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals 0 0 0 0 0 00 325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 3 D D 0 D D0 325211 Plastics Materials and Resins 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 325212 Synthetic Rubber 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 0 0 0 0 0 00 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers D 0 D 0 0 00 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 0 0 0 0 0 00 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 0 0 0 0 0 00 325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals D D 0 0 D 00 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 3 3 0 0 3 0 0 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products Q 0 Q 0 0 00 

Residual Fuel Oil(b) Alternative Energy Sources(c)
327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 0 0 0 0 0 00 

327211 Flat Glass 0 0 0 0 0 00 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware 0 0 0 0 0 00 

327213 Glass Containers 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 0 0 0 0 0 00 327310 Cements 0 0 0 0 0 00 

327410 Lime 0 0 0 0 0 00 

327420 Gypsum 0 0 0 0 0 00 

327993 Mineral Wool 0 0 0 0 0 00 

331 Primary Metals D 0 D 0 0 00 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys D 0 D 0 0 00 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 0 0 0 0 0 00 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 0 0 0 0 0 00 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 0 0 0 0 0 00 

3315 Foundries Q 0 Q 0 0 00 

331511 Iron Foundries 0 0 0 0 0 00 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries Q 0 Q 0 0 00 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 0 0 0 0 0 00 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 0 0 0 0 0 00 333 Machinery Q 0 Q 0 0 00 

334 Computer and Electronic Products 3 0 3 0 0 00 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices D 0 D 0 0 00 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components D 0 D 0 0 00 336 Transportation Equipment 14 0 14 0 0 0 0 

336111 Automobiles 0 0 0 0 0 00 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts D 0 D 0 0 00 

336411 Aircraft 0 0 0 0 0 00 

337 Furniture and Related Products 0 0 0 0 0 00 

339 Miscellaneous 0 0 0 0 0 00 

Total 280 62 222 Q 52 32 Q 

(a) The Bureau of the Census classifies establishments using the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

(b) These counts include only those establishments that reported this activity in 2018. Establishments for which only a portion of the total consumed fuel was reported as switchable contribute to the est

both the Switchable and Not Switchable columns. Therefore, the sum of these establishment counts may be greater than the corresponding establishment count of the total number of establishments con

(c) Alternative Energy Sources consist of those energy sources that could have been substituted for residual fuel oil during 2018. The quantities are expressed in thousands of barrels, and therefore repre

residual fuel oil that could have been displaced by the given alternative type of energy.

(d) Total Consumed represents those quantities (Total Inputs) of residual fuel oil that were ascertained switchable or not switchable, plus an additional quantity for which the switching status was not asc

(e) Electricity Receipts represents those quantities of electricity generated off the manufacturing establishment site and available at the site for consumption. It includes those quantities for which payme

transferred in, quantities purchased and paid for by a central purchasing entity, and quantities for which payment was made in kind. It does not include electricity generated onsite. Electricity Receipts has 

account for any quantities that might have been resold or transferred out. The estimates include those quantities that were ascertained switchable or not switchable, plus an additional quantity for which t

not ascertained.

(f) Other includes all other types of energy not already identified that respondents indicated could have been consumed in place of residual fuel oil.

* Estimate less than 0.5.

D=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.

Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error is greater than 50 percent.

NA=Not available.

Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding.

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Demand and Integrated Statistics, Form EIA‐846, 2018 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey.

The Census Bureau has reviewed this data product for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and has approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied (Approval ID: CBDRB‐FY20‐260).
Released: August 2021

Next MECS will be fielded in 2023.

RSE Table 10.5 Relative Standard Errors for Table 10.5;

Unit: Percents.

NAICS Total Not Electricity Natural Distillate HGL (excluding 

Code(a) Subsector and Industry Consumed(d) Switchable Switchable Receipts(e) Gas Fuel Oil Coal natural gasoline) 

Total United States

311 Food 5.4 D 3.0 X D X X X 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 34.8 D X X 34.8 X X X 

311221 Wet Corn Milling X X X X X XX X 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing D X 0.0 X X X X X 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food D X D X X XX X 

3115 Dairy Product 46.1 D D X D X X X 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing D X D X X XX X 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 0.0 0.0 D X 0.0 X X X 

3121 Beverages D X D X X XX X 

3122 Tobacco D 0.0 X X 0.0 X X X 

313 Textile Mills 62.7 62.7 X 88.6 D 62.7 83.0 88.6 

314 Textile Product Mills X X X X X XX X 

315 Apparel X X X X X XX X 316 Leather and Allied Products X X X X X XX X 321 Wood Products 29.8 X 29.8 X X X X X 

321113 Sawmills D X D X X XX X 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods D X D X X XX X 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products D X D X X XX X 

3219 Other Wood Products 86.4 X 86.4 X X X X X 

322 Paper 0.0 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 D X X 

322110 Pulp Mills D D D X X DX X 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint 0.0 D 0.0 X 0.0 X X X 

322122 Newsprint Mills X X X X X XX X 

322130 Paperboard Mills 0.0 0.0 0.0 X 0.0 X X X 

323 Printing and Related Support D D X X D XX X 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 10.4 12.4 12.9 X 19.1 27.8 X 17.9 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 0.0 D 0.0 X D X X D 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 22.9 D 37.5 X D 27.8 X D 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials X X X X X XX X 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products X X X X X XX X 324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products X X X X X XX X 

325 Chemicals 5.5 13.9 2.3 X 13.9 D X X 

325110 Petrochemicals X X X X X X X X 

325120 Industrial Gases X X X X X XX X 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals X X X X X XX X 325193 Ethyl Alcohol X X X X X XX X 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals X X X X X XX X 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 8.8 D D X D D X X 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins X X X X X XX X 

325212 Synthetic Rubber X X X X X XX X 325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments X X X X X XX X 325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers X X X X X XX X 325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers D X D X X XX X 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines X X X X X XX X 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation X X X X X X X X 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals D D X X D XX X 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 0.0 0.0 X X 0.0 X X X 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 97.5 X 97.5 X X X X X 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories X X X X X XX X 

Residual Fuel Oil(b) Alternative Energy Sources(c)
327211 Flat Glass X X X X X XX X 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware X X X X X XX X 

327213 Glass Containers X X X X X XX X 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass X X X X X XX X 327310 Cements X X X X X XX X 

327410 Lime X X X X X XX X 327420 Gypsum X X X X X XX X 327993 Mineral Wool X X X X X X X X 

331 Primary Metals D X D X X X X X 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys D X D X X XX X 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel X X X X X X X X 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum X X X X X XX X 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum X X X X X XX X 331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils X X X X X XX X 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding X X X X X XX X 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum X X X X X XX X 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining X X X X X XX X 

3315 Foundries 88.2 X 88.2 X X X X X 

331511 Iron Foundries X X X X X XX X 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 88.2 X 88.2 X X X X X 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting X X X X X XX X 

332 Fabricated Metal Products X X X X X X X X 

333 Machinery 98.9 X 98.9 X X X X X 

334 Computer and Electronic Products 12.0 X 12.0 X X X X X 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices D X D X X XX X 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components D X D X X XX X 336 Transportation Equipment 37.8 X 37.8 X X X X X 

336111 Automobiles X X X X X XX X 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles X X X X X XX X 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts D X D X X XX X 

336411 Aircraft X X X X X XX X 

337 Furniture and Related Products X X X X X XX X 

339 Miscellaneous X X X X X XX X 

Total 3.6 3.1 4.3 88.6 4.6 10.0 83.0 20.3 

(a) The Bureau of the Census classifies establishments using the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

(b) These counts include only those establishments that reported this activity in 2018. Establishments for which only a portion of the total consumed fuel was reported as switchable contribute to the est

both the Switchable and Not Switchable columns. Therefore, the sum of these establishment counts may be greater than the corresponding establishment count of the total number of establishments con

(c) Alternative Energy Sources consist of those energy sources that could have been substituted for residual fuel oil during 2018. The quantities are expressed in thousands of barrels, and therefore repre

residual fuel oil that could have been displaced by the given alternative type of energy.

(d) Total Consumed represents those quantities (Total Inputs) of residual fuel oil that were ascertained switchable or not switchable, plus an additional quantity for which the switching status was not asc

(e) Electricity Receipts represents those quantities of electricity generated off the manufacturing establishment site and available at the site for consumption. It includes those quantities for which payme

quantities transferred in, quantities purchased and paid for by a central purchasing entity, and quantities for which payment was made in kind. It does not include electricity generated onsite. Electricity Re

adjusted to account for any quantities that might have been resold or transferred out. The estimates include those quantities that were ascertained switchable or not switchable, plus an additional quantit

switching status was not ascertained.

(f) Other includes all other types of energy not already identified that respondents indicated could have been consumed in place of residual fuel oil.

* Estimate less than 0.5.

D=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.

Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error is greater than 50 percent.

X=Not defined because RSE corresponds to a data table value of zero.

NA=Not available.Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding.

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Demand and Integrated Statistics, Form EIA‐846, 2018 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey.

The Census Bureau has reviewed this data product for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and has approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied (Approval ID: CBDRB‐FY20‐260).