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1997 Housing Characteristics Tables

Appliances Tables

(Percent of U.S. Households; 48 pages, 144 kb)

Contents Pages

HC5-1b. Appliances by Climate Zone, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 4

HC5-2b. Appliances by Year of Construction, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 4

HC5-3b. Appliances by Household Income, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 4

HC5-4b. Appliances by Type of Housing Unit, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 4

HC5-5b. Appliances by Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 4

HC5-6b. Appliances by Type of Rented Housing Unit, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 4

HC5-7b. Appliances by Four Most Populated States, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 4

HC5-8b. Appliances by Urban/Rural Location, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 4

HC5-9b. Appliances by Northeast Census Region, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 4

HC5-10b. Appliances by Midwest Census Region, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 4

HC5-11b. Appliances by South Census Region, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 4

HC5-12b. Appliances by West Census Region, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 4

These data are from the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) which provides information on the use of

energy in residential housing units in the United States. The RECS is a national statistical survey that collects data for

occupied primary housing units. RECS was first conducted in 1978; the sixth and most recent survey was conducted in

1997 RECS. The data were collected from a sample of 5,900 housing units statistically selected to represent the 101.5

million units in the United States. The 1997 data are available for the four Census regions, the nine Census divisions,

and for the four most populous States--California, Florida, New York, and Texas.

Data provided here are in the public domain and may be reproduced without permission. Appropriate credit would be

appreciated. A suggested citation is “U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, “A Look at

Residential Energy Consumption in 1997.”

Electronic Products and Services

Users can view and download selected pages or entire reports, search for information, download data and analysis

applications, and find out about new information products and services.

Contact: Robert Latta, Survey Manager (rlatta@eia.doe.gov)

World Wide Web: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/consumption 
Table HC5-1b. Appliances by Climate Zone, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Climate Zone1

RSE

Row

Factors

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

2,000 CDD

or More

and Fewer

than

4,000 HDD

More than

7,000 HDD

5,500 to

7,000 HDD

4,000 to

5,499 HDD

Fewer than

4,000 HDD

0.5 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.1

Total ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Households With Electric

Air-Conditioning Equipment ........ 72.5 56.9 66.3 79.1 62.5 89.0 3.5

 Central Equipment Not Used ........ 0.3 Q Q Q Q Q 40.0

 Room Air Conditioners Not Used .. 0.7 Q 1.3 Q Q Q 28.1

Households Using Electric

Air-Conditioning2 .......................... 71.6 56.1 65.0 78.4 61.6 88.2 3.6

Type of Electric Air-Conditioning

Used

 Central Air-Conditioning3 .............. 46.8 31.1 37.5 46.0 43.1 69.0 6.0

 Without a Heat Pump .................. 36.4 29.6 35.1 33.2 29.5 50.1 8.6

 With a Heat Pump ....................... 10.4 1.5 2.5 12.8 13.7 18.9 17.7

 Room Air-Conditioning .................. 24.8 24.9 27.5 32.4 18.5 19.2 7.9

 1 Unit .......................................... 14.7 18.8 17.7 16.3 12.9 9.0 9.2

 2 Units ......................................... 7.1 5.4 7.0 11.2 4.4 6.2 12.8

 3 or More Units ........................... 3.0 Q 2.7 4.9 1.3 3.9 19.2

Clothes Washer ............................. 77.4 85.5 78.3 77.4 72.6 77.0 2.4

Clothes Dryer ................................ 71.2 82.6 73.5 70.2 66.1 68.8 2.7

 Electric .......................................... 55.1 64.2 51.0 57.0 51.2 58.0 4.2

 Natural Gas ................................... 15.2 16.0 21.6 12.2 14.6 10.3 11.1

 LPG ............................................... 0.8 2.4 0.9 0.9 Q Q 28.8

Dishwasher .................................... 50.2 47.4 51.6 50.3 46.6 52.5 4.2

Ceiling Fans .................................. 60.1 58.4 56.8 57.9 53.9 72.7 3.5

 1 .................................................... 23.3 29.3 27.7 23.9 19.6 17.7 6.1

 2 .................................................... 13.8 14.8 13.3 13.9 12.9 14.7 7.8

 3 or more ...................................... 23.0 14.3 15.7 20.1 21.3 40.4 6.8

Freezer .......................................... 33.2 49.1 33.5 31.7 28.7 31.4 6.5

 1 ................................................... 30.2 44.2 30.7 29.7 26.6 27.7 6.6

 2 or more ..................................... 2.9 4.9 2.9 2.0 2.1 3.7 16.1

Most-Used Freezer

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free ................................... 10.5 12.4 10.0 10.4 10.7 10.4 8.5

 Manual ........................................ 22.6 36.7 23.5 21.3 18.0 21.0 8.0

 Type of Freezer

 Upright ........................................ 16.3 20.4 16.2 16.4 15.0 15.7 6.6

 Chest ........................................ 16.9 28.7 17.3 15.4 13.7 15.7 10.5

 Age of Freezer

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 2.4 4.0 2.7 1.4 1.4 3.1 19.1

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 4.1 4.5 4.3 3.7 4.7 3.6 17.8

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 7.4 10.1 6.9 6.8 7.6 7.4 11.5

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 12.2 17.0 11.6 12.8 10.5 11.6 9.0

 20 Years or More ........................ 6.6 13.0 7.4 6.3 4.2 5.2 13.3

 Don’t Know ................................. 0.5 Q Q 0.8 Q Q 31.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-1b. Appliances by Climate Zone, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Climate Zone1

RSE

Row

Factors

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

2,000 CDD

or More

and Fewer

than

4,000 HDD

More than

7,000 HDD

5,500 to

7,000 HDD

4,000 to

5,499 HDD

Fewer than

4,000 HDD

0.5 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.1

 Freezer Size

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ....... 2.7 4.1 3.2 2.5 1.5 2.6 17.5

 Small (11-14 cf) .......................... 6.6 11.6 6.5 6.8 5.6 5.4 11.6

 Medium (15-18 cf) ....................... 13.3 19.2 12.0 13.2 11.6 13.9 10.1

 Large (19-22 cf) .......................... 8.9 11.9 9.6 7.9 8.7 8.0 10.9

 Very Large (23 or More cf) .......... 1.7 2.3 2.2 1.2 1.4 1.6 21.4

Heaters (other) 

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................. 3.9 2.7 3.7 3.6 4.2 4.8 15.6

 Electric ........................................ 2.6 2.2 2.5 3.2 2.7 2.3 18.4

 Natural Gas ................................. 1.1 Q 1.0 Q 1.4 Q 28.6

 LPG/Other ................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Portable Space ............................. 13.9 16.6 12.8 16.3 13.5 12.1 7.7

 Electric ........................................ 12.1 15.3 11.3 13.6 11.1 11.3 8.2

 Kerosene .................................... 2.0 1.7 1.7 3.0 2.7 1.0 20.4

 Swimming Pool ............................. 1.1 Q 1.0 Q 1.1 2.1 35.5

 Natural Gas ................................. 0.7 Q Q Q Q Q 50.3

 Electric/LPG/Other ...................... 0.4 Q Q Q Q Q 56.0

 Waterbed Heaters ........................ 8.3 11.9 11.6 6.4 4.9 7.5 12.0

 1 .................................................. 6.8 10.1 9.8 5.0 4.2 5.8 14.2

 2 or More .................................... 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.4 Q 1.6 21.4

 Waterbed Heaters

 Used All Year .............................. 7.3 10.8 10.5 5.3 4.3 6.6 12.4

 1 ................................................ 6.4 9.5 9.1 4.5 3.7 5.7 14.6

 2 or More ................................. 1.0 Q 1.4 0.8 Q 0.9 22.8

Oven ............................................... 98.8 98.9 99.2 98.9 98.2 98.7 NF

 Electric .......................................... 61.4 70.9 56.7 58.7 58.3 68.9 3.6

 Natural Gas ................................... 33.3 19.6 39.0 36.5 36.0 26.0 7.4

 LPG ............................................... 4.1 8.3 3.5 3.7 3.9 3.6 23.2

 Other ............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

Self-Cleaning Oven ....................... 44.1 49.4 48.9 44.1 38.0 41.0 4.1

 Continuous .................................... 9.9 8.8 9.2 11.4 9.5 10.2 9.2

 Manual Start ................................. 34.1 40.5 39.7 32.7 28.5 30.9 5.0

Pumps (Electric) ........................... 19.8 27.9 22.5 19.5 14.1 18.6 8.8

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................. 4.0 2.9 3.7 3.7 4.2 4.8 15.1

 Swimming Pool ............................. 5.4 2.7 5.1 5.2 3.4 8.8 13.9

 Well Water .................................... 14.1 25.2 17.1 13.7 8.5 11.1 13.8

Range ............................................. 99.2 99.6 99.4 99.1 98.9 99.1 NF

 Electric .......................................... 60.2 70.2 56.0 57.8 56.0 67.4 3.8

 Natural Gas ................................... 34.7 20.8 39.8 37.2 38.7 27.8 7.3

 LPG ............................................... 4.3 8.7 3.6 4.0 4.2 3.8 22.7

 Other ............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

Refrigerators ................................ 99.8 99.7 100.0 99.9 99.7 99.8 NF

 1 .................................................... 84.7 82.2 82.4 85.4 86.4 86.5 1.3

 2 or More ...................................... 15.2 17.5 17.6 14.5 13.3 13.3 7.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-1b. Appliances by Climate Zone, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Climate Zone1

RSE

Row

Factors

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

2,000 CDD

or More

and Fewer

than

4,000 HDD

More than

7,000 HDD

5,500 to

7,000 HDD

4,000 to

5,499 HDD

Fewer than

4,000 HDD

0.5 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.1

Most-Used Refrigerator

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free ................................... 86.8 83.9 85.0 86.8 86.2 90.8 1.2

 Manual ........................................ 13.1 15.8 15.0 13.1 13.6 9.0 8.1

 Type of Refrigerator

 2-Doors (top and bottom) ............ 68.0 76.1 71.4 71.7 58.8 64.4 2.5

 2-Doors (side-by-side) ................ 20.4 14.1 18.9 16.9 24.4 25.0 7.4

 Regular (single door) .................. 10.7 8.4 8.9 11.0 15.6 9.2 12.7

 Half-Size/Other ........................... 0.7 Q 0.7 Q 0.9 1.0 32.0

 Age of Refrigerator

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 13.2 11.8 13.7 12.4 14.0 13.4 7.3

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 21.0 16.7 20.2 21.2 22.6 22.4 5.3

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 29.9 33.4 27.4 31.0 29.8 30.3 4.9

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 23.8 24.4 24.4 24.3 24.0 22.1 4.6

 20 Years or More ........................ 7.0 9.6 7.9 5.9 7.1 5.7 9.3

 Don’t Know ................................. 5.0 3.8 6.5 5.1 2.1 5.8 17.3

 Size of Refrigerator

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ....... 0.9 Q 0.9 1.1 1.1 Q 24.3

 Small (11-14 cf) .......................... 7.6 6.3 6.9 6.0 9.9 8.8 9.4

 Medium (15-18 cf) ....................... 45.0 48.0 46.2 50.7 40.2 40.7 3.4

 Large (19-22 cf) .......................... 44.8 42.9 44.4 40.7 47.3 48.1 4.1

 Very Large (23 or More cf) .......... 1.5 Q 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.7 19.7

 Through-the-Door Ice/Water

 Service

 Yes .............................................. 13.0 6.8 11.3 9.8 15.6 18.6 9.7

 No ............................................... 87.0 93.2 88.7 90.2 84.4 81.4 1.3

Color Television Sets ................... 98.7 98.1 99.1 98.9 98.5 98.4 NF

 1 .................................................... 31.8 38.9 32.2 29.3 32.0 30.8 5.0

 2 .................................................... 37.4 34.6 35.7 37.4 40.7 37.6 3.6

 3 .................................................... 19.1 14.2 21.8 19.7 17.8 18.3 6.0

 4 .................................................... 7.7 8.7 7.2 8.5 5.7 8.6 11.0

 5 or More ...................................... 2.7 1.8 2.2 4.0 2.2 3.0 18.2

Video Cassette Recorders

(VCR’s) ........................................... 87.6 88.2 88.9 87.7 88.2 84.9 1.3

 1 .................................................... 55.5 59.9 56.5 56.0 57.0 50.7 3.0

 2 .................................................... 24.9 23.4 24.2 24.6 25.2 26.4 6.4

 3 or More ...................................... 7.2 4.8 8.1 7.2 6.0 7.9 11.0

Water Heaters ................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 NE

 Electric ........................................... 39.1 39.6 27.5 40.1 38.9 52.5 7.0

 For One Housing Unit ................. 37.3 37.4 25.7 38.6 37.6 50.1 7.3

 For Two or More Units ................ 1.8 2.2 1.8 1.5 1.3 2.4 24.0

 Natural Gas ................................... 51.9 45.4 63.4 43.5 57.4 43.8 6.1

 For One Housing Unit ................. 45.8 39.2 55.4 36.6 50.8 41.4 6.7

 For Two or More Units ................ 6.1 6.2 8.0 6.9 6.6 2.3 17.9

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 5.1 8.1 5.7 12.4 Q Q 19.1

 For One Housing Unit ................. 3.1 6.0 4.7 5.7 Q Q 23.0

 For Two or More Units ................ 2.0 Q 1.0 6.7 Q Q 23.0

 LPG .............................................. 3.2 5.5 3.0 3.2 3.3 2.3 22.3

 Other ............................................. 0.7 Q Q Q Q 1.0 42.0

 No Water Heater ........................... 0.2 Q Q Q Q Q 69.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-1b. Appliances by Climate Zone, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Climate Zone1

RSE

Row

Factors

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

2,000 CDD

or More

and Fewer

than

4,000 HDD

More than

7,000 HDD

5,500 to

7,000 HDD

4,000 to

5,499 HDD

Fewer than

4,000 HDD

0.5 1.4 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.1

Water Heater (for one housing

unit) ................................................ 89.7 88.6 88.9 84.5 91.8 94.8 1.5

 Age

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 11.1 10.4 12.1 11.0 10.8 10.3 9.5

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 16.8 16.1 17.9 13.4 16.7 19.0 6.7

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 25.0 22.9 23.9 23.5 26.0 27.7 5.3

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 19.9 23.5 17.5 20.1 20.2 21.2 6.9

 20 Years or More ........................ 7.0 7.8 6.6 5.0 10.5 6.3 11.7

 Don’t Know ................................. 7.0 3.8 7.6 5.5 6.6 9.6 12.1

 No Separate Heater .................... 2.9 4.2 3.3 6.0 1.0 0.6 26.9

 No Water Heater ........................... 0.2 Q Q Q Q Q 69.9

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ...................... 10.1 11.4 11.1 15.4 8.0 4.8 14.4

 Size

 Small ........................................... 15.3 12.5 12.9 12.9 15.7 21.5 8.8

 Medium ....................................... 46.4 48.3 47.4 40.3 49.2 48.2 4.0

 Large ........................................... 21.3 21.1 20.3 22.1 23.6 20.1 7.6

 Don’t Know ................................. 3.7 2.6 5.0 3.2 2.2 4.4 20.1

 No Separate Heater .................... 2.9 4.2 3.3 6.0 1.0 0.6 26.9

 No Water Heater ........................... 0.2 Q Q Q Q Q 69.9

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ...................... 10.1 11.4 11.1 15.4 8.0 4.8 14.4

Other Appliances

 Heated Aquarium .......................... 3.8 4.5 4.0 3.7 4.1 3.2 13.9

 Microwave Oven ........................... 83.0 90.5 83.9 83.6 81.3 79.5 1.6

 Outdoor Gas Light3 ....................... 0.7 Q 1.1 Q Q 1.0 33.6

 Rechargeable Tools/

 or Appliances .............................. 43.7 51.3 45.4 43.7 41.0 41.0 3.4

 Stereo Equipment ......................... 68.8 67.5 69.3 68.6 69.5 68.4 1.9

1 One of five climatically distinct areas, determined according to the 30-year average (1961-1990) of the annual heating and cooling degree-days. For this

report, the heating or cooling degree-days are a measure of how cold or how hot a location is over a period of one year, relative to a base temperature of 65

degrees Fahrenheit. A household is assigned to a climate zone according to the 30-year average annual degree-days for an appropriate nearby weather station. 2 The number of households, where the end use is electric air-conditioning, does not include households that did not use their equipment (0.9 million). It does

include the small number of households where the fuel for central air-conditioning equipment was something other than electricity; those households were treated

as if the fuel was electricity. 3 Includes 642,000 households using room/wall air-conditioners in addition to central air-conditioning. These are excluded from the count of 25.2 million

households using only room air-conditioners.

cf = Cubic feet.

NE = RSE row factor not estimated because RSE’s for all statistics in this row are between 0.0 and 1.0 percent.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals.

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.
Table HC5-2b. Appliances by Year of Construction, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Year of Construction

RSE

Row

Factors

1990

 to

19971

1980

to

1989

1970

to

1979

1960

to

1969

1950

to

1959

1949

or

Before

0.5 1.6 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.9

Total ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Households With Electric

Air-Conditioning Equipment ........ 72.5 85.9 85.5 75.6 70.7 71.2 59.1 2.4

 Central Equipment Not Used ........ 0.3 Q Q Q Q Q Q 39.0

 Room Air Conditioners Not Used .. 0.7 Q Q Q Q Q 1.2 28.7

Households Using Electric

Air-Conditioning2 .......................... 71.6 85.6 84.6 75.1 69.3 70.9 57.6 2.5

Type of Electric Air-Conditioning

Used

 Central Air-Conditioning3 .............. 46.8 77.4 74.4 55.1 45.3 36.7 18.5 4.1

 Without a Heat Pump .................. 36.4 57.3 51.8 41.7 38.4 30.6 17.3 5.9

 With a Heat Pump ....................... 10.4 20.1 22.6 13.3 6.9 6.0 1.2 14.5

 Room Air-Conditioning .................. 24.8 8.3 10.2 20.0 24.0 34.3 39.1 7.7

 1 Unit .......................................... 14.7 6.3 7.9 13.3 14.1 17.9 21.5 10.1

 2 Units ......................................... 7.1 Q 1.6 4.6 6.5 12.0 12.4 12.6

 3 or More Units ........................... 3.0 Q Q 2.1 3.3 4.4 5.2 18.7

Clothes Washer ............................. 77.4 89.7 83.0 72.7 70.1 81.0 75.1 2.2

Clothes Dryer ................................ 71.2 88.3 80.0 68.8 63.4 71.7 65.1 2.5

 Electric .......................................... 55.1 71.7 67.0 59.0 49.6 48.8 45.0 3.7

 Natural Gas ................................... 15.2 16.0 12.1 9.2 13.2 22.5 18.9 11.3

 LPG ............................................... 0.8 Q Q 0.7 Q Q 1.2 29.0

Dishwasher .................................... 50.2 76.7 71.2 56.6 48.3 37.2 30.3 3.7

Ceiling Fans .................................. 60.1 75.7 64.2 58.5 59.8 57.2 54.7 3.0

 1 .................................................... 23.3 28.7 21.3 24.1 26.0 20.5 21.9 6.8

 2 .................................................... 13.8 16.3 13.3 13.3 12.1 12.7 15.0 8.4

 3 or more ...................................... 23.0 30.6 29.6 21.1 21.8 24.1 17.8 6.0

Freezer .......................................... 33.2 35.5 30.9 30.8 33.1 32.3 35.9 5.0

 1 ................................................... 30.2 33.6 28.8 28.2 28.3 30.0 32.5 5.4

 2 or more ..................................... 2.9 Q 2.0 2.6 4.8 2.3 3.3 17.8

Most-Used Freezer

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free ................................... 10.5 13.9 11.0 9.3 10.8 10.4 9.9 8.9

 Manual ........................................ 22.6 21.6 19.8 21.6 22.3 22.0 25.9 6.3

 Type of Freezer

 Upright ........................................ 16.3 16.3 17.4 15.8 16.7 16.7 15.6 7.1

 Chest ........................................ 16.9 19.2 13.4 15.0 16.4 15.6 20.3 7.6

 Age of Freezer

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 2.4 4.7 2.5 1.7 2.3 1.8 2.2 20.8

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 4.1 6.9 4.0 3.8 2.9 3.3 4.5 17.3

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 7.4 9.4 10.0 7.0 5.7 6.1 6.8 11.8

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 12.2 10.8 10.8 11.2 13.0 11.6 13.9 9.0

 20 Years or More ........................ 6.6 3.2 3.2 6.8 8.3 8.9 7.7 13.1

 Don’t Know ................................. 0.5 Q Q Q Q Q 0.7 33.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-2b. Appliances by Year of Construction, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Year of Construction

RSE

Row

Factors

1990

 to

19971

1980

to

1989

1970

to

1979

1960

to

1969

1950

to

1959

1949

or

Before

0.5 1.6 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.9

 Freezer Size

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ....... 2.7 3.2 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.3 3.2 19.6

 Small (11-14 cf) .......................... 6.6 7.9 7.1 6.7 6.2 4.9 6.8 12.2

 Medium (15-18 cf) ....................... 13.3 14.9 13.0 12.0 13.5 12.6 13.9 9.0

 Large (19-22 cf) .......................... 8.9 7.3 6.8 8.5 9.1 9.8 10.6 10.9

 Very Large (23 or More cf) .......... 1.7 2.1 1.6 1.2 1.9 2.8 1.3 24.0

Heaters (other) 

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................. 3.9 9.2 5.6 4.7 2.7 2.7 1.7 16.7

 Electric ........................................ 2.6 5.5 2.9 3.5 2.1 2.2 1.4 19.9

 Natural Gas ................................. 1.1 Q 2.5 1.1 Q Q Q 36.0

 LPG/Other ................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Portable Space ............................. 13.9 7.2 12.6 10.8 15.4 15.3 17.8 8.5

 Electric ........................................ 12.1 6.2 11.2 9.0 14.1 13.9 15.1 9.3

 Kerosene .................................... 2.0 Q 1.7 2.0 1.6 1.4 3.2 21.9

 Swimming Pool ............................. 1.1 Q Q 1.5 Q Q 0.9 34.2

 Natural Gas ................................. 0.7 Q Q Q Q Q Q 49.1

 Electric/LPG/Other ...................... 0.4 Q Q Q Q Q Q 54.6

 Waterbed Heaters ........................ 8.3 8.9 9.1 9.7 7.9 8.1 6.8 11.7

 1 .................................................. 6.8 7.9 7.5 7.5 6.7 7.3 5.4 12.9

 2 or More .................................... 1.4 Q 1.6 2.2 1.2 Q 1.4 24.0

 Waterbed Heaters

 Used All Year .............................. 7.3 8.3 7.9 8.4 6.8 7.7 6.0 12.5

 1 ................................................ 6.4 8.0 7.0 7.2 5.7 7.0 4.8 13.8

 2 or More ................................. 1.0 Q Q 1.2 1.2 Q 1.1 25.5

Oven ............................................... 98.8 98.9 99.2 99.3 98.7 98.8 98.2 NF

 Electric .......................................... 61.4 76.3 76.6 73.3 63.6 53.9 40.7 3.3

 Natural Gas ................................... 33.3 18.3 18.7 21.6 30.0 43.3 52.8 7.2

 LPG ............................................... 4.1 4.3 3.8 4.3 5.1 1.5 4.7 17.9

 Other ............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

Self-Cleaning Oven ....................... 44.1 59.6 51.8 48.5 39.1 40.0 35.2 4.2

 Continuous .................................... 9.9 13.3 10.2 10.5 8.7 10.5 8.5 9.6

 Manual Start ................................. 34.1 46.3 41.6 38.0 30.4 29.4 26.7 5.1

Pumps (Electric) ........................... 19.8 26.3 18.9 23.5 18.7 16.3 17.7 7.9

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................. 4.0 9.5 5.6 4.7 2.7 2.8 1.7 16.6

 Swimming Pool ............................. 5.4 5.1 6.4 8.2 4.5 5.0 3.5 14.0

 Well Water .................................... 14.1 18.9 12.1 16.6 13.3 10.6 14.0 11.2

Range ............................................. 99.2 99.4 99.5 99.6 99.3 98.8 98.7 NF

 Electric .......................................... 60.2 72.4 75.3 72.7 62.5 52.2 40.1 3.6

 Natural Gas ................................... 34.7 22.0 20.1 22.4 31.6 45.0 53.6 7.1

 LPG ............................................... 4.3 5.0 4.1 4.4 5.3 1.5 4.9 17.9

 Other ............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

Refrigerators ................................ 99.8 100.0 99.9 99.9 99.7 99.9 99.8 NF

 1 .................................................... 84.7 83.1 83.6 87.1 82.0 81.7 87.0 1.4

 2 or More ...................................... 15.2 16.9 16.3 12.8 17.7 18.2 12.8 7.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-2b. Appliances by Year of Construction, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Year of Construction

RSE

Row

Factors

1990

 to

19971

1980

to

1989

1970

to

1979

1960

to

1969

1950

to

1959

1949

or

Before

0.5 1.6 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.9

Most-Used Refrigerator

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free ................................... 86.8 95.2 90.4 87.3 83.7 88.1 82.2 1.2

 Manual ........................................ 13.1 4.8 9.5 12.6 16.0 11.8 17.6 9.5

 Type of Refrigerator

 2-Doors (top and bottom) ............ 68.0 58.8 70.6 68.5 64.0 69.9 70.3 2.4

 2-Doors (side-by-side) ................ 20.4 34.0 20.8 20.8 20.5 19.6 15.5 7.0

 Regular (single door) .................. 10.7 7.1 7.4 10.1 14.5 9.8 12.8 11.8

 Half-Size/Other ........................... 0.7 Q Q Q Q Q 1.1 29.7

 Age of Refrigerator

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 13.2 24.7 10.0 14.5 10.2 11.3 12.7 8.1

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 21.0 33.7 17.0 20.8 22.4 19.7 19.3 6.0

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 29.9 31.1 35.8 27.0 29.1 29.7 28.2 4.8

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 23.8 8.7 30.0 22.9 22.7 24.3 26.1 5.9

 20 Years or More ........................ 7.0 Q 1.6 9.0 9.6 9.0 8.7 11.7

 Don’t Know ................................. 5.0 Q 5.5 5.7 5.7 5.9 4.8 16.1

 Size of Refrigerator

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ....... 0.9 Q Q 0.9 1.0 Q 1.4 25.8

 Small (11-14 cf) .......................... 7.6 3.4 6.9 7.8 7.8 7.6 9.3 12.1

 Medium (15-18 cf) ....................... 45.0 38.3 46.0 45.8 46.0 44.7 45.8 3.8

 Large (19-22 cf) .......................... 44.8 56.1 44.9 44.0 43.0 45.7 42.0 4.0

 Very Large (23 or More cf) .......... 1.5 Q 1.4 1.4 1.9 1.4 1.3 24.4

 Through-the-Door Ice/Water

 Service

 Yes .............................................. 13.0 28.2 14.5 13.3 11.6 11.4 7.8 9.2

 No ............................................... 87.0 71.8 85.5 86.7 88.4 88.6 92.2 1.5

Color Television Sets ................... 98.7 99.3 99.2 98.9 98.9 98.6 98.0 NF

 1 .................................................... 31.8 23.4 26.9 33.1 33.4 30.6 36.7 5.2

 2 .................................................... 37.4 40.6 39.3 38.5 36.5 36.8 35.0 4.1

 3 .................................................... 19.1 21.6 21.0 17.4 20.1 20.9 17.0 6.6

 4 .................................................... 7.7 8.8 8.7 7.8 5.8 8.8 7.0 11.7

 5 or More ...................................... 2.7 4.8 3.3 2.1 3.2 1.6 2.4 19.3

Video Cassette Recorders

(VCR’s) ........................................... 87.6 94.5 91.2 88.6 88.3 84.7 83.1 1.2

 1 .................................................... 55.5 54.6 53.6 55.6 57.8 54.8 56.1 2.9

 2 .................................................... 24.9 30.1 28.5 26.3 24.3 23.4 20.8 6.3

 3 or More ...................................... 7.2 9.8 9.0 6.8 6.3 6.5 6.1 11.8

Water Heaters ................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 NE

 Electric ........................................... 39.1 48.9 57.5 51.3 33.2 27.8 23.7 5.6

 For One Housing Unit ................. 37.3 47.1 55.2 48.7 31.0 26.6 22.8 5.8

 For Two or More Units ................ 1.8 Q 2.4 2.7 2.1 1.2 0.9 26.2

 Natural Gas ................................... 51.9 47.2 36.5 42.1 57.6 61.7 62.5 4.7

 For One Housing Unit ................. 45.8 45.7 35.1 34.1 48.7 58.3 53.6 5.3

 For Two or More Units ................ 6.1 Q 1.4 8.0 8.9 3.4 8.9 17.0

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 5.1 Q 2.2 2.2 5.5 8.0 8.7 17.2

 For One Housing Unit ................. 3.1 Q 1.9 1.4 3.6 5.7 4.4 18.7

 For Two or More Units ................ 2.0 Q Q Q 1.9 2.3 4.4 26.1

 LPG .............................................. 3.2 2.5 3.1 2.9 2.7 2.1 4.3 18.1

 Other ............................................. 0.7 Q Q 1.3 Q Q Q 37.7

 No Water Heater ........................... 0.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q 68.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-2b. Appliances by Year of Construction, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Year of Construction

RSE

Row

Factors

1990

 to

19971

1980

to

1989

1970

to

1979

1960

to

1969

1950

to

1959

1949

or

Before

0.5 1.6 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.9

Water Heater (for one housing

unit) ................................................ 89.7 96.5 95.8 87.8 86.4 92.9 85.2 1.3

 Age

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 11.1 25.9 10.0 8.7 10.0 9.8 9.4 9.3

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 16.8 34.5 11.8 15.4 15.8 15.8 15.5 6.4

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 25.0 32.4 35.2 21.7 22.8 22.7 20.5 5.9

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 19.9 Q 30.6 20.6 18.1 22.9 19.3 6.4

 20 Years or More ........................ 7.0 Q Q 9.6 9.9 10.4 8.9 10.4

 Don’t Know ................................. 7.0 1.9 6.4 9.2 6.6 7.5 7.7 12.9

 No Separate Heater .................... 2.9 Q 1.7 2.5 3.3 3.8 4.1 21.2

 No Water Heater ........................... 0.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q 68.2

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ...................... 10.1 3.3 4.2 12.1 13.4 7.0 14.5 15.1

 Size

 Small ........................................... 15.3 9.5 16.1 16.8 17.2 15.8 14.5 8.6

 Medium ....................................... 46.4 46.8 48.9 42.1 43.8 53.6 45.9 3.9

 Large ........................................... 21.3 34.8 25.1 22.4 18.6 17.5 16.8 7.4

 Don’t Know ................................. 3.7 4.3 3.9 4.0 3.6 2.2 3.9 18.6

 No Separate Heater .................... 2.9 Q 1.7 2.5 3.3 3.8 4.1 21.2

 No Water Heater ........................... 0.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q 68.2

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ...................... 10.1 3.3 4.2 12.1 13.4 7.0 14.5 15.1

Other Appliances

 Heated Aquarium .......................... 3.8 4.5 4.7 4.0 2.8 3.8 3.5 15.7

 Microwave Oven ........................... 83.0 88.5 87.2 84.1 82.9 82.6 77.9 1.7

 Outdoor Gas Light3 ....................... 0.7 Q Q Q Q Q 0.9 34.3

 Rechargeable Tools/

 or Appliances .............................. 43.7 54.1 46.4 44.7 43.2 42.3 38.7 4.0

 Stereo Equipment ......................... 68.8 76.6 75.2 70.4 67.9 65.1 63.1 2.1

1 New construction for 1997 includes only those housing units built and occupied between January and the April-August period when the household interviews were

conducted. 2 The number of households, where the end use is electric air-conditioning, does not include households that did not use their equipment (0.9 million). It does include the

small number of households where the fuel for central air-conditioning equipment was something other than electricity; those households were treated as if the fuel was

electricity. 3 Includes 642,000 households using room/wall air-conditioners in addition to central air-conditioning. These are excluded from the count of 25.2 million households using

only room air-conditioners.

cf = Cubic feet.

NE = RSE row factor not estimated because RSE’s for all statistics in this row are between 0.0 and 1.0 percent.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.
Table HC5-3b. Appliances by Household Income, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1997 Household Income

Below Poverty

Line

Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factors

Less

than

$10,000

$10,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

0.6 1.6 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.0

Total ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Households With Electric

Air-Conditioning Equipment ........ 72.5 61.3 67.2 75.3 80.3 57.6 62.4 2.3

 Central Equipment Not Used ........ 0.3 Q Q Q Q Q Q 34.1

 Room Air Conditioners Not Used .. 0.7 Q 0.8 0.7 0.8 Q 0.9 30.2

Households Using Electric

Air-Conditioning2 .......................... 71.6 60.7 66.1 74.2 79.6 56.7 61.2 2.4

Type of Electric Air-Conditioning

Used

 Central Air-Conditioning3 .............. 46.8 27.4 37.3 50.2 62.1 25.0 30.8 4.3

 Without a Heat Pump .................. 36.4 20.8 28.8 40.0 47.6 19.2 23.4 5.9

 With a Heat Pump ....................... 10.4 6.6 8.6 10.1 14.5 5.8 7.3 12.1

 Room Air-Conditioning .................. 24.8 33.3 28.8 24.0 17.5 31.7 30.5 5.1

 1 Unit .......................................... 14.7 24.5 18.7 12.8 7.8 23.0 20.2 6.4

 2 Units ......................................... 7.1 7.6 7.3 8.5 5.3 7.6 7.9 10.1

 3 or More Units ........................... 3.0 Q 2.8 2.7 4.4 1.1 2.4 18.8

Clothes Washer ............................. 77.4 52.7 69.0 81.5 93.4 58.0 63.3 2.4

Clothes Dryer ................................ 71.2 36.2 61.0 77.1 91.8 41.5 51.2 2.8

 Electric .......................................... 55.1 31.0 49.0 59.9 67.6 33.3 40.2 3.5

 Natural Gas ................................... 15.2 4.8 11.1 16.3 23.3 8.1 10.4 9.1

 LPG ............................................... 0.8 Q 0.9 0.9 0.9 Q 0.7 28.6

Dishwasher .................................... 50.2 15.7 35.5 53.6 78.2 17.3 26.7 4.1

Ceiling Fans .................................. 60.1 39.3 55.2 64.4 70.3 40.9 48.3 2.9

 1 .................................................... 23.3 21.0 24.8 25.4 20.4 22.9 23.5 5.4

 2 .................................................... 13.8 7.5 13.0 15.1 16.2 6.6 11.0 7.8

 3 or more ...................................... 23.0 10.9 17.5 23.9 33.7 11.5 13.8 6.2

Freezer .......................................... 33.2 25.6 30.0 35.1 37.9 26.4 27.9 4.4

 1 ................................................... 30.2 23.6 27.5 32.2 34.1 24.3 25.8 4.6

 2 or more ..................................... 2.9 2.0 2.5 2.9 3.8 2.1 2.0 15.9

Most-Used Freezer

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free ................................... 10.5 7.3 8.1 11.8 13.2 7.6 7.7 7.7

 Manual ........................................ 22.6 18.3 22.0 23.3 24.7 18.8 20.1 5.6

 Type of Freezer

 Upright ........................................ 16.3 9.4 13.8 16.4 22.0 9.9 11.5 6.7

 Chest ........................................ 16.9 16.2 16.2 18.6 15.9 16.6 16.3 6.4

 Age of Freezer

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 2.4 1.8 2.3 2.3 2.8 1.9 2.4 17.6

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 4.1 3.0 3.6 4.0 5.4 3.5 3.2 13.8

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 7.4 7.1 5.8 8.0 8.6 7.2 6.2 10.1

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 12.2 9.0 10.3 13.3 14.3 10.1 9.9 7.4

 20 Years or More ........................ 6.6 4.3 7.4 6.9 6.3 3.2 5.7 11.3

 Don’t Know ................................. 0.5 Q 0.6 0.5 Q Q 0.4 31.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-3b. Appliances by Household Income, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1997 Household Income

Below Poverty

Line

Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factors

Less

than

$10,000

$10,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

0.6 1.6 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.0

 Freezer Size

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ....... 2.7 2.1 2.5 2.9 2.9 2.3 1.9 16.0

 Small (11-14 cf) .......................... 6.6 5.4 6.3 7.0 7.2 5.7 5.8 10.5

 Medium (15-18 cf) ....................... 13.3 10.9 13.0 13.7 14.1 10.6 11.9 7.4

 Large (19-22 cf) .......................... 8.9 6.7 7.4 9.9 10.5 6.9 7.5 9.4

 Very Large (23 or More cf) .......... 1.7 Q 0.8 1.6 3.3 Q 0.8 21.4

Heaters (other) 

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................. 3.9 Q 1.1 3.7 8.3 1.9 1.8 20.4

 Electric ........................................ 2.6 Q 1.1 2.4 5.6 Q 1.2 20.8

 Natural Gas ................................. 1.1 Q Q 1.1 2.4 Q Q 32.6

 LPG/Other ................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Portable Space ............................. 13.9 11.0 12.6 14.3 16.2 12.9 11.6 7.0

 Electric ........................................ 12.1 9.8 10.9 12.1 14.5 11.0 10.1 7.4

 Kerosene .................................... 2.0 1.3 2.0 2.5 1.9 2.1 1.9 16.9

 Swimming Pool ............................. 1.1 Q Q 0.9 2.5 Q Q 32.2

 Natural Gas ................................. 0.7 Q Q Q 1.7 Q Q 33.3

 Electric/LPG/Other ...................... 0.4 Q Q Q 0.8 Q Q 39.1

 Waterbed Heaters ........................ 8.3 2.6 7.1 9.3 11.0 3.8 5.3 12.0

 1 .................................................. 6.8 2.5 6.2 7.4 9.0 3.7 4.6 13.5

 2 or More .................................... 1.4 Q 0.9 1.9 2.1 Q 0.6 22.9

 Waterbed Heaters

 Used All Year .............................. 7.3 2.1 6.1 8.5 9.9 3.3 4.2 13.2

 1 ................................................ 6.4 2.0 5.5 7.0 8.6 3.2 3.9 14.4

 2 or More ................................. 1.0 Q 0.5 1.5 1.3 Q Q 23.5

Oven ............................................... 98.8 96.6 98.6 99.4 99.3 97.4 98.0 NF

 Electric .......................................... 61.4 49.1 58.7 63.9 67.4 47.6 52.5 3.0

 Natural Gas ................................... 33.3 42.2 34.9 31.6 29.2 44.6 40.3 4.7

 LPG ............................................... 4.1 5.3 5.1 3.9 2.7 5.0 5.1 15.4

 Other ............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

Self-Cleaning Oven ....................... 44.1 18.1 31.1 47.0 66.6 19.4 25.4 4.3

 Continuous .................................... 9.9 5.1 8.8 10.7 12.5 5.3 7.0 9.4

 Manual Start ................................. 34.1 13.0 22.3 36.3 54.1 14.1 18.4 5.4

Pumps (Electric) ........................... 19.8 9.3 14.6 20.4 29.8 10.9 12.6 8.2

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................. 4.0 Q 1.1 3.7 8.5 1.9 1.8 20.3

 Swimming Pool ............................. 5.4 Q 2.4 5.1 10.9 2.1 2.2 14.7

 Well Water .................................... 14.1 8.5 12.4 14.3 18.5 9.4 10.5 10.6

Range ............................................. 99.2 97.0 99.1 99.8 99.6 97.8 98.4 NF

 Electric .......................................... 60.2 49.1 58.3 62.8 64.4 47.7 52.3 3.0

 Natural Gas ................................... 34.7 42.4 35.6 32.9 31.9 44.9 40.9 4.6

 LPG ............................................... 4.3 5.4 5.2 4.0 3.3 5.1 5.1 15.1

 Other ............................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

Refrigerators ................................ 99.8 99.3 99.9 99.9 100.0 99.6 99.7 NF

 1 .................................................... 84.7 94.3 90.5 83.4 75.5 92.7 91.4 1.0

 2 or More ...................................... 15.2 5.0 9.4 16.5 24.5 6.8 8.3 7.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-3b. Appliances by Household Income, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1997 Household Income

Below Poverty

Line

Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factors

Less

than

$10,000

$10,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

0.6 1.6 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.0

Most-Used Refrigerator

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free ................................... 86.8 73.0 83.1 88.5 95.2 75.6 79.2 1.4

 Manual ........................................ 13.1 26.2 16.8 11.4 4.8 24.0 20.5 6.9

 Type of Refrigerator

 2-Doors (top and bottom) ............ 68.0 70.2 72.2 70.4 59.7 70.2 72.2 1.9

 2-Doors (side-by-side) ................ 20.4 8.7 14.2 18.9 34.1 10.7 11.9 7.0

 Regular (single door) .................. 10.7 18.6 12.6 9.8 5.8 17.1 14.5 8.4

 Half-Size/Other ........................... 0.7 1.6 0.8 0.8 Q 1.5 0.9 25.3

 Age of Refrigerator

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 13.2 12.1 11.7 13.9 14.5 11.9 11.8 7.1

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 21.0 21.5 18.3 20.5 24.3 25.0 21.1 5.1

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 29.9 25.6 30.3 29.9 31.4 26.9 28.5 4.2

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 23.8 21.7 24.4 24.8 23.0 19.4 22.6 4.9

 20 Years or More ........................ 7.0 9.3 9.0 6.4 4.4 7.5 8.0 9.6

 Don’t Know ................................. 5.0 9.1 6.2 4.4 2.4 8.9 7.7 12.2

 Size of Refrigerator

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ....... 0.9 3.0 0.8 0.6 Q 2.7 1.5 19.0

 Small (11-14 cf) .......................... 7.6 15.5 9.4 7.1 2.6 12.8 11.6 9.3

 Medium (15-18 cf) ....................... 45.0 50.8 52.4 46.0 33.5 53.2 50.5 2.9

 Large (19-22 cf) .......................... 44.8 29.5 36.6 44.8 60.7 30.4 35.5 3.7

 Very Large (23 or More cf) .......... 1.5 Q 0.7 1.4 2.9 Q 0.6 22.4

 Through-the-Door Ice/Water

 Service

 Yes .............................................. 13.0 4.1 7.6 11.3 24.6 5.6 6.0 10.5

 No ............................................... 87.0 95.9 92.4 88.7 75.4 94.4 94.0 1.1

Color Television Sets ................... 98.7 96.1 98.5 99.2 99.6 97.3 97.5 NF

 1 .................................................... 31.8 55.6 40.5 27.3 16.6 47.0 43.3 3.9

 2 .................................................... 37.4 30.9 37.7 41.6 35.4 34.5 35.5 3.5

 3 .................................................... 19.1 7.5 15.6 20.4 26.8 11.8 13.8 6.3

 4 .................................................... 7.7 1.7 3.6 8.2 14.0 2.9 3.7 11.5

 5 or More ...................................... 2.7 Q 1.1 1.7 6.8 Q 1.3 18.9

Video Cassette Recorders

(VCR’s) ........................................... 87.6 66.8 84.0 91.6 96.6 73.8 77.1 1.6

 1 .................................................... 55.5 47.9 63.3 59.5 46.7 52.6 55.4 2.6

 2 .................................................... 24.9 17.9 17.8 25.2 35.2 19.4 19.0 5.5

 3 or More ...................................... 7.2 Q 2.9 6.9 14.8 1.8 2.7 12.0

Water Heaters ................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 NE

 Electric ........................................... 39.1 40.7 43.3 39.9 32.9 38.7 40.4 4.7

 For One Housing Unit ................. 37.3 37.9 40.8 38.4 32.0 36.5 37.5 4.8

 For Two or More Units ................ 1.8 2.8 2.6 1.5 0.9 2.1 3.0 21.1

 Natural Gas ................................... 51.9 46.9 48.5 51.5 58.2 49.7 49.3 4.0

 For One Housing Unit ................. 45.8 35.0 40.8 45.9 56.1 38.2 39.7 4.8

 For Two or More Units ................ 6.1 12.0 7.6 5.6 2.1 11.5 9.6 11.4

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 5.1 7.2 4.4 4.8 5.0 6.4 5.8 11.2

 For One Housing Unit ................. 3.1 1.5 2.3 3.3 4.5 1.1 2.1 18.0

 For Two or More Units ................ 2.0 5.7 2.0 1.6 0.5 5.2 3.7 15.8

 LPG .............................................. 3.2 3.0 3.4 3.3 2.8 3.3 3.3 15.8

 Other ............................................. 0.7 Q Q 0.4 1.1 1.5 0.8 35.6

 No Water Heater ........................... 0.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q 59.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-3b. Appliances by Household Income, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1997 Household Income

Below Poverty

Line

Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factors

Less

than

$10,000

$10,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

0.6 1.6 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.0

Water Heater (for one housing

unit) ................................................ 89.7 77.9 87.5 91.0 96.3 79.9 83.0 1.5

 Age

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 11.1 8.4 9.3 12.8 12.3 8.9 9.3 7.6

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 16.8 15.3 14.8 15.4 21.0 16.1 15.2 5.8

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 25.0 15.3 22.1 26.8 30.5 16.8 19.5 5.3

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 19.9 14.4 21.5 20.5 20.4 14.4 17.5 5.8

 20 Years or More ........................ 7.0 10.0 9.0 5.7 5.0 9.5 9.3 9.5

 Don’t Know ................................. 7.0 10.4 7.9 7.2 4.3 10.6 8.9 9.7

 No Separate Heater .................... 2.9 4.1 3.0 2.5 2.8 3.6 3.3 17.5

 No Water Heater ........................... 0.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q 59.7

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ...................... 10.1 21.1 12.4 9.0 3.7 19.5 16.6 8.8

 Size

 Small ........................................... 15.3 19.8 20.4 14.9 8.2 17.9 18.1 6.8

 Medium ....................................... 46.4 34.6 45.2 49.1 50.4 37.2 41.0 3.3

 Large ........................................... 21.3 13.7 15.4 21.3 31.3 16.6 15.9 6.7

 Don’t Know ................................. 3.7 5.7 3.5 3.2 3.6 4.7 4.6 15.2

 No Separate Heater .................... 2.9 4.1 3.0 2.5 2.8 3.6 3.3 17.5

 No Water Heater ........................... 0.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q 59.7

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ...................... 10.1 21.1 12.4 9.0 3.7 19.5 16.6 8.8

Other Appliances

 Heated Aquarium .......................... 3.8 3.0 2.7 4.0 5.2 2.9 2.8 14.1

 Microwave Oven ........................... 83.0 60.3 81.2 86.7 91.5 63.8 72.0 1.7

 Outdoor Gas Light3 ....................... 0.7 Q Q 0.7 1.2 Q Q 32.5

 Rechargeable Tools/

 or Appliances .............................. 43.7 15.1 32.0 48.6 64.1 18.8 25.8 4.0

 Stereo Equipment ......................... 68.8 45.2 60.1 73.7 83.7 53.0 56.0 2.1

1 Below 150 percent of poverty line or 60 percent of median State income. 2 The number of households, where the end use is electric air-conditioning, does not include households that did not use their equipment (0.9 million). It does include the

small number of households where the fuel for central air-conditioning equipment was something other than electricity; those households were treated as if the fuel was

electricity. 3 Includes 642,000 households using room/wall air-conditioners in addition to central air-conditioning. These are excluded from the count of 25.2 million households using

only room air-conditioners.

cf = Cubic feet.

NE = RSE row factor not estimated because RSE’s for all statistics in this row are between 0.0 and 1.0 percent.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.
Table HC5-4b. Appliances by Type of Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Type of Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.5 0.5 1.9 1.5 1.5

Total ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Households With Electric

Air-Conditioning Equipment ........ 72.5 73.8 62.6 70.4 71.7 3.0

 Central Equipment Not Used ........ 0.3 0.3 Q Q Q 52.1

 Room Air Conditioners Not Used .. 0.7 0.6 Q Q Q 38.9

Households Using Electric

Air-Conditioning1 .......................... 71.6 73.0 60.9 68.9 71.1 3.0

Type of Electric Air-Conditioning

Used

 Central Air-Conditioning2 .............. 46.8 49.9 28.4 40.9 41.5 5.7

 Without a Heat Pump .................. 36.4 38.4 25.0 32.2 32.5 7.6

 With a Heat Pump ....................... 10.4 11.4 Q 8.7 9.0 16.5

 Room Air-Conditioning .................. 24.8 23.1 32.4 28.0 29.6 6.8

 1 Unit .......................................... 14.7 11.8 24.8 21.7 21.0 8.3

 2 Units ......................................... 7.1 7.6 7.2 5.2 6.7 13.1

 3 or More Units ........................... 3.0 3.7 Q Q Q 22.0

Clothes Washer ............................. 77.4 92.2 39.7 21.3 78.9 3.8

Clothes Dryer ................................ 71.2 85.8 28.5 17.8 71.6 4.6

 Electric .......................................... 55.1 64.8 23.0 16.4 67.5 5.5

 Natural Gas ................................... 15.2 19.9 5.6 1.3 4.1 16.4

 LPG ............................................... 0.8 1.1 Q Q Q 31.2

Dishwasher .................................... 50.2 56.6 18.3 40.1 29.0 5.7

Ceiling Fans .................................. 60.1 68.8 31.1 31.1 57.0 3.8

 1 .................................................... 23.3 22.4 22.2 23.1 34.9 6.5

 2 .................................................... 13.8 16.7 4.0 5.0 10.9 10.3

 3 or more ...................................... 23.0 29.7 5.0 2.9 11.3 10.1

Freezer .......................................... 33.2 41.6 11.0 3.5 28.3 7.0

 1 ................................................... 30.2 37.9 10.8 3.5 25.7 7.4

 2 or more ..................................... 2.9 3.8 Q Q Q 15.9

Most-Used Freezer

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free ................................... 10.5 13.2 Q 1.8 8.7 10.6

 Manual ........................................ 22.6 28.4 8.7 1.7 19.6 8.8

 Type of Freezer

 Upright ........................................ 16.3 20.9 4.5 1.1 11.5 10.6

 Chest ........................................ 16.9 20.8 6.5 2.4 16.8 10.8

 Age of Freezer

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 2.4 2.8 Q Q 3.5 23.0

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 4.1 4.9 Q 1.0 5.2 18.5

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 7.4 9.1 3.7 Q 7.8 11.8

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 12.2 15.8 Q 0.9 6.5 12.2

 20 Years or More ........................ 6.6 8.5 Q Q 4.8 13.9

 Don’t Know ................................. 0.5 0.5 Q Q Q 40.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-4b. Appliances by Type of Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Type of Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.5 0.5 1.9 1.5 1.5

 Freezer Size

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ....... 2.7 3.0 Q Q 5.1 18.8

 Small (11-14 cf) .......................... 6.6 8.0 Q 1.2 7.3 14.3

 Medium (15-18 cf) ....................... 13.3 17.0 4.0 1.1 8.4 13.5

 Large (19-22 cf) .......................... 8.9 11.4 Q Q 6.8 11.5

 Very Large (23 or More cf) .......... 1.7 2.2 Q Q Q 21.8

Heaters (other) 

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................. 3.9 5.3 Q Q Q 18.3

 Electric ........................................ 2.6 3.5 Q Q Q 19.4

 Natural Gas ................................. 1.1 1.6 Q Q Q 50.8

 LPG/Other ................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Portable Space ............................. 13.9 15.5 10.2 7.0 16.4 9.1

 Electric ........................................ 12.1 13.2 9.4 6.9 14.8 9.7

 Kerosene .................................... 2.0 2.5 Q Q 2.1 20.7

 Swimming Pool ............................. 1.1 1.5 Q Q Q 47.1

 Natural Gas ................................. 0.7 1.0 Q Q Q 51.1

 Electric/LPG/Other ...................... 0.4 0.5 Q Q Q 56.6

 Waterbed Heaters ........................ 8.3 9.6 5.6 3.8 5.9 14.5

 1 .................................................. 6.8 7.8 4.8 3.8 5.3 15.6

 2 or More .................................... 1.4 1.9 Q Q Q 21.3

 Waterbed Heaters

 Used All Year .............................. 7.3 8.7 3.3 3.5 4.9 15.2

 1 ................................................ 6.4 7.4 3.1 3.5 4.3 16.2

 2 or More ................................. 1.0 1.3 Q Q Q 22.4

Oven ............................................... 98.8 98.9 98.7 98.4 98.9 NF

 Electric .......................................... 61.4 62.5 50.2 64.7 50.3 3.9

 Natural Gas ................................... 33.3 32.5 47.5 33.7 27.8 6.6

 LPG ............................................... 4.1 3.8 Q Q 20.8 18.1

 Other ............................................. Q Q Q Q Q NF

Self-Cleaning Oven ....................... 44.1 53.9 15.0 18.9 17.7 6.1

 Continuous .................................... 9.9 11.6 3.0 6.1 6.4 12.4

 Manual Start ................................. 34.1 42.4 12.0 12.7 11.3 6.9

Pumps (Electric) ........................... 19.8 25.3 2.6 Q 20.5 11.7

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................. 4.0 5.3 Q Q Q 18.0

 Swimming Pool ............................. 5.4 7.4 Q Q Q 14.2

 Well Water .................................... 14.1 17.5 1.8 Q 20.1 15.3

Range ............................................. 99.2 99.3 99.0 98.8 99.4 NF

 Electric .......................................... 60.2 60.8 50.2 64.8 50.4 3.9

 Natural Gas ................................... 34.7 34.4 47.8 34.0 27.9 6.5

 LPG ............................................... 4.3 4.1 Q Q 21.0 17.8

 Other ............................................. Q Q Q Q Q NF

Refrigerators ................................ 99.8 99.9 100.0 99.5 99.8 NF

 1 .................................................... 84.7 80.1 96.7 97.8 95.1 0.9

 2 or More ...................................... 15.2 19.9 3.3 1.7 4.7 13.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-4b. Appliances by Type of Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Type of Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.5 0.5 1.9 1.5 1.5

Most-Used Refrigerator

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free ................................... 86.8 91.4 69.1 75.5 77.3 2.1

 Manual ........................................ 13.1 8.6 30.9 24.0 22.5 7.8

 Type of Refrigerator

 2-Doors (top and bottom) ............ 68.0 65.1 73.2 77.0 74.4 2.5

 2-Doors (side-by-side) ................ 20.4 25.7 6.6 4.5 10.9 9.8

 Regular (single door) .................. 10.7 8.5 19.0 17.2 12.8 10.9

 Half-Size/Other ........................... 0.7 0.6 Q Q Q 40.1

 Age of Refrigerator

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 13.2 13.0 11.6 13.9 15.6 8.1

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 21.0 21.0 20.6 22.1 19.6 6.2

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 29.9 30.9 28.9 25.6 29.2 5.1

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 23.8 25.9 20.0 16.5 21.4 6.0

 20 Years or More ........................ 7.0 6.7 6.8 7.2 9.2 11.2

 Don’t Know ................................. 5.0 2.4 12.0 14.2 4.9 14.6

 Size of Refrigerator

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ....... 0.9 0.6 Q 1.9 Q 25.3

 Small (11-14 cf) .......................... 7.6 4.9 13.7 16.4 11.4 9.6

 Medium (15-18 cf) ....................... 45.0 40.0 55.8 59.2 58.6 3.1

 Large (19-22 cf) .......................... 44.8 52.4 29.4 21.8 27.7 4.7

 Very Large (23 or More cf) .......... 1.5 2.0 Q Q Q 21.9

 Through-the-Door Ice/Water

 Service

 Yes .............................................. 13.0 17.1 Q Q 5.7 11.6

 No ............................................... 87.0 82.9 98.1 99.5 94.3 0.9

Color Television Sets ................... 98.7 99.0 96.7 97.7 99.4 NF

 1 .................................................... 31.8 24.1 48.2 56.1 47.5 4.0

 2 .................................................... 37.4 38.7 30.3 35.1 34.5 4.3

 3 .................................................... 19.1 23.0 13.2 5.6 12.7 7.5

 4 .................................................... 7.7 9.7 4.3 Q 3.5 13.5

 5 or More ...................................... 2.7 3.6 Q Q Q 18.8

Video Cassette Recorders

(VCR’s) ........................................... 87.6 89.5 78.2 81.2 88.9 1.4

 1 .................................................... 55.5 53.2 55.4 62.5 65.8 3.0

 2 .................................................... 24.9 27.4 20.1 16.7 19.8 6.9

 3 or More ...................................... 7.2 8.9 2.7 2.1 3.3 15.3

Water Heaters ................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 NE

 Electric ........................................... 39.1 36.0 32.7 43.8 68.2 5.7

 For One Housing Unit ................. 37.3 35.6 29.0 35.7 68.0 6.1

 For Two or More Units ................ 1.8 0.4 3.7 8.1 Q 21.0

 Natural Gas ................................... 51.9 55.4 61.3 43.6 22.8 5.8

 For One Housing Unit ................. 45.8 53.7 44.4 18.6 22.7 7.4

 For Two or More Units ................ 6.1 1.7 16.9 25.1 Q 12.5

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 5.1 4.3 5.6 10.3 Q 15.7

 For One Housing Unit ................. 3.1 4.0 Q 1.1 Q 21.7

 For Two or More Units ................ 2.0 0.3 5.1 9.3 Q 20.1

 LPG .............................................. 3.2 3.6 Q Q 8.3 18.6

 Other ............................................. 0.7 0.6 Q 1.7 Q 40.4

 No Water Heater ........................... 0.2 Q Q Q Q 75.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-4b. Appliances by Type of Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Type of Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.5 0.5 1.9 1.5 1.5

Water Heater (for one housing

unit) ................................................ 89.7 97.4 74.3 55.6 99.0 3.1

 Age

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 11.1 12.4 6.0 4.7 16.5 10.9

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 16.8 18.4 15.0 7.9 21.9 7.3

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 25.0 28.2 19.2 13.0 21.9 7.5

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 19.9 23.1 9.3 8.7 20.5 8.3

 20 Years or More ........................ 7.0 7.6 4.4 3.9 10.7 12.6

 Don’t Know ................................. 7.0 5.4 16.7 11.0 7.5 11.7

 No Separate Heater .................... 2.9 2.4 3.7 6.4 Q 20.0

 No Water Heater ........................... 0.2 Q Q Q Q 75.7

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ...................... 10.1 2.5 25.7 44.1 Q 10.1

 Size

 Small ........................................... 15.3 13.3 16.7 15.5 36.9 7.8

 Medium ....................................... 46.4 52.9 32.0 21.2 47.1 4.5

 Large ........................................... 21.3 26.0 13.9 6.3 12.0 9.3

 Don’t Know ................................. 3.7 2.9 8.0 6.2 2.9 17.4

 No Separate Heater .................... 2.9 2.4 3.7 6.4 Q 20.0

 No Water Heater ........................... 0.2 Q Q Q Q 75.7

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ...................... 10.1 2.5 25.7 44.1 Q 10.1

Other Appliances

 Heated Aquarium .......................... 3.8 4.0 4.1 3.0 3.2 15.2

 Microwave Oven ........................... 83.0 86.7 67.8 71.6 81.4 2.0

 Outdoor Gas Light2 ....................... 0.7 0.9 Q Q Q 39.9

 Rechargeable Tools/

 or Appliances .............................. 43.7 51.0 19.9 22.2 33.9 4.5

 Stereo Equipment ......................... 68.8 70.4 63.0 65.7 62.7 2.3

1 The number of households where the end use is electric air-conditioning excludes households that did not use their equipment (0.9 million). It does include

the small number of households where the fuel for central air-conditioning equipment was something other than electricity; those latter households were treated

as if the fuel was electricity. 2 Includes 642,000 households using room/wall air-conditioners in addition to central air-conditioning. These are excluded from the count of 25.2 million

households using only room air-conditioners.

cf = Cubic feet.

NE = RSE row factor not estimated because RSE’s for all statistics in this row are between 0.0 and 1.0 percent.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to

totals. • Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption

Survey.
Table HC5-5b. Appliances by Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Appliance Types 

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

OwnerOccupied

Units

Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.4 0.4 2.3 2.5 1.2

Total ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Households With Electric

Air-Conditioning Equipment ........ 76.7 76.8 83.4 75.7 73.9 3.9

 Central Equipment Not Used ........ 0.3 0.3 Q Q Q 65.3

 Room Air Conditioners Not Used .. 0.7 0.7 Q Q Q 57.9

Households Using Electric

Air-Conditioning1 .......................... 75.7 76.0 79.5 70.2 73.2 4.2

Type of Electric Air-Conditioning

Used

 Central Air-Conditioning2 .............. 52.8 54.1 41.1 30.1 44.9 8.0

 Without a Heat Pump .................. 41.2 42.0 39.0 23.6 36.1 10.4

 With a Heat Pump ....................... 11.6 12.0 Q Q 8.8 23.7

 Room Air-Conditioning .................. 23.0 22.0 38.3 40.1 28.2 9.8

 1 Unit .......................................... 11.4 10.4 17.9 17.5 19.8 14.4

 2 Units ......................................... 7.6 7.4 Q 15.1 6.2 18.3

 3 or More Units ........................... 4.0 4.1 Q Q Q 29.2

Clothes Washer ............................. 93.0 95.6 62.5 35.5 81.0 5.7

Clothes Dryer ................................ 87.6 90.2 54.0 31.9 75.0 6.4

 Electric .......................................... 66.7 67.5 39.8 27.2 70.6 7.1

 Natural Gas ................................... 19.7 21.4 Q Q 4.4 18.9

 LPG ............................................... 1.1 1.3 Q Q Q 42.1

Dishwasher .................................... 58.9 61.7 31.9 48.9 33.3 7.0

Ceiling Fans .................................. 71.5 72.9 57.5 48.8 63.2 4.1

 1 .................................................... 23.5 22.3 32.1 18.5 37.3 9.5

 2 .................................................... 17.1 17.6 Q 20.8 12.3 12.1

 3 or more ...................................... 31.0 33.1 Q Q 13.5 9.0

Freezer .......................................... 43.6 45.9 Q Q 30.6 6.2

 1 ................................................... 39.4 41.4 Q Q 27.5 7.1

 2 or more ..................................... 4.2 4.4 Q Q Q 19.9

Most-Used Freezer

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free ................................... 13.7 14.4 Q Q 8.9 11.8

 Manual ........................................ 29.9 31.4 Q Q 21.7 8.3

 Type of Freezer

 Upright ........................................ 21.9 23.3 Q Q 11.5 9.9

 Chest ........................................ 21.7 22.6 Q Q 19.1 9.8

 Age of Freezer

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 2.9 2.9 Q Q Q 27.7

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 5.3 5.3 Q Q 5.9 22.1

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 9.4 9.7 Q Q 8.5 14.7

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 16.3 17.5 Q Q 7.6 13.2

 20 Years or More ........................ 9.3 9.9 Q Q 5.3 18.3

 Don’t Know ................................. 0.4 0.5 Q Q Q 65.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-5b. Appliances by Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types 

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

OwnerOccupied

Units

Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.4 0.4 2.3 2.5 1.2

 Freezer Size

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ....... 3.1 3.0 Q Q 5.2 28.2

 Small (11-14 cf) .......................... 8.3 8.5 Q Q 8.5 17.7

 Medium (15-18 cf) ....................... 18.0 19.2 Q Q 10.0 13.1

 Large (19-22 cf) .......................... 11.9 12.6 Q Q 6.3 14.9

 Very Large (23 or More cf) .......... 2.3 2.5 Q Q Q 29.2

Heaters (other) 

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................. 5.6 6.1 Q Q Q 23.8

 Electric ........................................ 3.7 4.0 Q Q Q 24.9

 Natural Gas ................................. 1.7 1.9 Q Q Q 65.7

 LPG/Other ................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Portable Space ............................. 15.6 15.8 Q Q 16.3 12.6

 Electric ........................................ 13.5 13.5 Q Q 15.4 13.8

 Kerosene .................................... 2.4 2.5 Q Q Q 28.1

 Swimming Pool ............................. 1.6 1.8 Q Q Q 60.8

 Natural Gas ................................. 1.0 1.1 Q Q Q 66.7

 Electric/LPG/Other ...................... 0.6 0.6 Q Q Q 71.6

 Waterbed Heaters ........................ 9.3 9.9 Q Q 5.6 19.8

 1 .................................................. 7.7 8.1 Q Q 4.9 22.0

 2 or More .................................... 1.6 1.8 Q Q Q 31.7

 Waterbed Heaters

 Used All Year .............................. 8.4 9.0 Q Q 4.6 20.2

 1 ................................................ 7.3 7.8 Q Q 3.8 22.5

 2 or More ................................. 1.1 1.2 Q Q Q 34.4

Oven ............................................... 99.0 99.1 98.8 96.8 99.1 0.7

 Electric .......................................... 63.3 64.8 42.0 60.8 49.8 6.1

 Natural Gas ................................... 30.7 30.3 56.8 36.0 29.1 9.6

 LPG ............................................... 5.0 3.9 Q Q 20.2 23.1

 Other ............................................. Q Q Q Q Q NF

Self-Cleaning Oven ....................... 55.8 59.4 40.0 49.7 18.9 6.7

 Continuous .................................... 12.2 12.8 Q Q 7.2 15.6

 Manual Start ................................. 43.6 46.6 36.4 37.6 11.7 8.4

Pumps (Electric) ........................... 26.7 28.0 Q Q 19.9 12.5

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................. 5.6 6.2 Q Q Q 23.4

 Swimming Pool ............................. 7.6 8.6 Q Q Q 18.3

 Well Water .................................... 18.6 19.1 Q Q 19.3 17.4

Range ............................................. 99.5 99.5 100.0 100.0 99.5 NF

 Electric .......................................... 61.5 62.8 42.0 62.6 50.0 6.1

 Natural Gas ................................... 32.6 32.4 58.0 37.4 29.3 9.2

 LPG ............................................... 5.3 4.2 Q Q 20.2 22.6

 Other ............................................. Q Q Q Q Q NF

Refrigerators ................................ 99.9 99.9 100.0 100.0 99.8 NF

 1 .................................................... 79.4 77.7 87.1 96.1 95.0 1.8

 2 or More ...................................... 20.5 22.3 Q Q 4.8 13.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-5b. Appliances by Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types 

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

OwnerOccupied

Units

Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.4 0.4 2.3 2.5 1.2

Most-Used Refrigerator

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free ................................... 92.0 93.3 89.3 89.2 78.2 2.2

 Manual ........................................ 7.9 6.7 Q Q 21.6 16.1

 Type of Refrigerator

 2-Doors (top and bottom) ............ 63.8 62.8 60.9 73.0 74.3 3.9

 2-Doors (side-by-side) ................ 27.4 29.0 22.2 15.9 12.4 10.9

 Regular (single door) .................. 8.0 7.6 Q Q 11.5 21.2

 Half-Size/Other ........................... 0.6 0.5 Q Q Q 62.6

 Age of Refrigerator

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 12.8 12.5 Q Q 16.8 12.0

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 20.9 21.1 Q 18.4 21.1 9.4

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 31.4 31.4 43.8 33.6 28.3 7.4

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 26.0 26.6 20.1 21.3 21.0 9.0

 20 Years or More ........................ 7.5 7.0 Q Q 10.6 15.3

 Don’t Know ................................. 1.5 1.3 Q Q Q 52.5

 Size of Refrigerator

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ....... 0.7 0.5 Q Q Q 58.9

 Small (11-14 cf) .......................... 4.7 4.1 Q 11.8 10.4 17.7

 Medium (15-18 cf) ....................... 38.6 36.8 49.8 40.7 57.0 5.8

 Large (19-22 cf) .......................... 54.0 56.4 46.9 45.0 30.0 6.1

 Very Large (23 or More cf) .......... 2.0 2.2 Q Q Q 30.5

 Through-the-Door Ice/Water

 Service

 Yes .............................................. 18.1 19.5 Q Q 6.5 14.3

 No ............................................... 81.9 80.5 89.0 97.4 93.5 1.6

Color Television Sets ................... 99.1 99.1 98.7 100.0 99.3 0.6

 1 .................................................... 23.6 21.3 24.6 44.9 45.1 8.4

 2 .................................................... 39.0 39.3 33.6 43.0 34.9 6.7

 3 .................................................... 22.6 23.7 Q Q 13.8 9.6

 4 .................................................... 10.3 10.8 20.2 Q 3.9 17.4

 5 or More ...................................... 3.7 3.9 Q Q Q 23.2

Video Cassette Recorders

(VCR’s) ........................................... 89.9 90.3 87.8 80.2 88.5 2.4

 1 .................................................... 53.5 52.2 58.8 60.8 65.9 4.9

 2 .................................................... 27.6 28.7 19.7 14.7 19.1 11.4

 3 or More ...................................... 8.8 9.4 Q Q 3.4 17.5

Water Heaters ................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 NE

 Electric ........................................... 38.5 36.4 Q 44.4 66.3 8.6

 For One Housing Unit ................. 38.0 36.0 Q 38.4 66.1 8.9

 For Two or More Units ................ 0.5 0.4 Q Q Q 74.9

 Natural Gas ................................... 52.7 54.8 79.7 42.0 25.4 8.2

 For One Housing Unit ................. 50.9 53.7 61.8 Q 25.2 8.5

 For Two or More Units ................ 1.8 1.0 Q 35.0 Q 28.9

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 4.4 4.6 Q Q Q 28.5

 For One Housing Unit ................. 3.9 4.4 Q Q Q 29.9

 For Two or More Units ................ 0.5 Q Q Q Q 42.2

 LPG .............................................. 3.8 3.6 Q Q 7.5 25.0

 Other ............................................. 0.6 0.6 Q Q Q 74.2

 No Water Heater ........................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-5b. Appliances by Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types 

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

OwnerOccupied

Units

Type of Owner-Occupied Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.4 0.4 2.3 2.5 1.2

Water Heater (for one housing

unit) ................................................ 97.1 98.3 75.8 46.7 98.8 6.2

 Age

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 12.4 12.4 Q Q 15.9 14.5

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 18.7 18.6 Q Q 23.9 9.0

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 28.5 29.4 19.0 Q 23.1 10.6

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 23.6 24.3 Q Q 20.7 9.5

 20 Years or More ........................ 7.8 7.5 Q Q 10.8 16.9

 Don’t Know ................................. 3.7 3.6 Q Q 4.2 20.9

 No Separate Heater .................... 2.5 2.6 Q Q Q 35.7

 No Water Heater ........................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ...................... 2.8 1.7 24.2 53.3 Q 18.4

 Size

 Small ........................................... 14.2 12.5 Q Q 34.9 11.4

 Medium ....................................... 51.8 53.2 32.8 Q 47.8 5.7

 Large ........................................... 26.1 27.6 26.0 Q 13.3 11.2

 Don’t Know ................................. 2.5 2.4 Q Q Q 42.8

 No Separate Heater .................... 2.5 2.6 Q Q Q 35.7

 No Water Heater ........................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ...................... 2.8 1.7 24.2 53.3 Q 18.4

Other Appliances

 Heated Aquarium .......................... 4.0 4.0 Q Q 3.1 24.8

 Microwave Oven ........................... 87.6 88.4 75.6 75.7 83.1 2.9

 Outdoor Gas Light2 ....................... 0.9 1.0 Q Q Q 54.3

 Rechargeable Tools/

 or Appliances .............................. 52.5 54.5 38.3 29.6 36.9 5.9

 Stereo Equipment ......................... 69.1 70.0 57.2 57.8 62.7 3.9

1 The number of households, where the end use is electric air-conditioning, does not include households that did not use their equipment (0.9 million). It

does include the small number of households where the fuel for central air-conditioning equipment was something other than electricity; those households were

treated as if the fuel was electricity. 2 Includes 642,000 households using room/wall air-conditioners in addition to central air-conditioning. These are excluded from the count of 25.2 million

households using only room air-conditioners.

cf = Cubic feet.

NE = RSE row factor not estimated because RSE’s for all statistics in this row are between 0.0 and 1.0 percent.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to

totals. • Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption

Survey.
Table HC5-6b. Appliances by Type of Rented Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Rented

Units

Type of Rented Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.5 0.7 1.4 1.0 1.9

Total ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Households With Electric

Air-Conditioning Equipment ........ 63.9 59.1 58.5 69.9 61.1 4.8

 Central Equipment Not Used ........ Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Room Air Conditioners Not Used .. 0.6 Q Q Q Q 85.5

Households Using Electric

Air-Conditioning1 .......................... 62.9 58.5 57.2 68.8 61.1 4.8

Type of Electric Air-Conditioning

Used

 Central Air-Conditioning2 .............. 34.3 29.7 25.9 41.7 24.4 10.3

 Without a Heat Pump .................. 26.3 21.2 22.3 32.9 14.6 12.8

 With a Heat Pump ....................... 8.0 8.5 Q 8.8 Q NF

 Room Air-Conditioning .................. 28.6 28.8 31.3 27.0 36.6 8.9

 1 Unit .......................................... 21.5 18.6 26.2 22.0 27.2 11.0

 2 Units ......................................... 6.1 8.3 5.1 4.4 Q 20.1

 3 or More Units ........................... 1.0 1.9 Q Q Q 39.1

Clothes Washer ............................. 45.0 75.4 35.2 20.2 68.6 6.7

Clothes Dryer ................................ 37.2 64.5 23.5 16.7 54.9 8.9

 Electric .......................................... 31.1 51.6 19.6 15.6 52.0 10.2

 Natural Gas ................................... 5.9 12.6 3.9 Q Q 21.8

 LPG ............................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

Dishwasher .................................... 32.0 31.5 15.6 39.4 Q 11.0

Ceiling Fans .................................. 36.4 48.8 25.9 29.7 26.8 9.0

 1 .................................................... 22.8 22.9 20.2 23.5 23.0 11.2

 2 .................................................... 7.0 12.5 3.0 3.8 Q 20.1

 3 or more ...................................... 6.6 13.4 2.7 2.4 Q 22.9

Freezer .......................................... 11.4 21.1 10.0 3.1 16.9 15.2

 1 ................................................... 11.2 20.6 10.0 3.1 16.9 15.3

 2 or more ..................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

Most-Used Freezer

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free ................................... 4.0 7.2 Q 1.7 Q 27.8

 Manual ........................................ 7.5 13.9 8.6 1.4 Q 17.8

 Type of Freezer

 Upright ........................................ 4.6 9.2 Q Q Q 18.8

 Chest ........................................ 6.9 11.9 7.3 2.4 Q 21.1

 Age of Freezer

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 1.3 2.0 Q Q Q 36.6

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 1.8 2.6 Q 1.1 Q 35.0

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 3.2 6.5 3.0 Q Q 25.3

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 3.5 7.4 Q Q Q 18.3

 20 Years or More ........................ 0.9 1.8 Q Q Q 38.9

 Don’t Know ................................. 0.7 Q Q Q Q 46.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-6b. Appliances by Type of Rented Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Rented

Units

Type of Rented Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.5 0.7 1.4 1.0 1.9

 Freezer Size

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ....... 1.7 2.6 Q Q Q 34.5

 Small (11-14 cf) .......................... 3.0 5.5 Q 1.0 Q 25.9

 Medium (15-18 cf) ....................... 3.5 6.5 3.6 1.2 Q 27.7

 Large (19-22 cf) .......................... 2.8 5.7 Q Q Q 28.1

 Very Large (23 or More cf) .......... Q Q Q Q Q NF

Heaters (other) 

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................. 0.5 Q Q Q Q 78.9

 Electric ........................................ Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Natural Gas ................................. Q Q Q Q Q NF

 LPG/Other ................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Portable Space ............................. 10.5 14.0 10.0 7.2 17.0 13.9

 Electric ........................................ 9.4 11.9 9.2 7.1 Q 14.6

 Kerosene .................................... 1.2 2.5 Q Q Q 39.0

 Swimming Pool ............................. Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Natural Gas ................................. Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Electric/LPG/Other ...................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Waterbed Heaters ........................ 6.1 8.4 6.2 3.9 Q 20.0

 1 .................................................. 5.0 6.0 5.3 3.9 Q 22.0

 2 or More .................................... 1.0 2.4 Q Q Q 44.4

 Waterbed Heaters

 Used All Year .............................. 5.1 7.2 3.9 3.6 Q 22.5

 1 ................................................ 4.3 5.3 3.7 3.6 Q 24.5

 2 or More ................................. 0.8 1.9 Q Q Q 47.5

Oven ............................................... 98.3 98.1 98.6 98.5 97.8 0.8

 Electric .......................................... 57.6 51.6 51.8 65.0 52.5 5.8

 Natural Gas ................................... 38.5 43.2 45.6 33.5 21.3 8.8

 LPG ............................................... 2.2 3.2 Q Q 24.0 26.7

 Other ............................................. Q Q Q Q Q NF

Self-Cleaning Oven ....................... 19.7 27.7 10.1 16.4 Q 12.3

 Continuous .................................... 5.2 5.7 Q 5.7 Q 22.0

 Manual Start ................................. 14.5 22.0 7.2 10.7 Q 13.9

Pumps (Electric) ........................... 5.7 12.2 Q Q 23.6 18.9

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................. 0.5 Q Q Q Q 78.9

 Swimming Pool ............................. 0.7 1.9 Q Q Q 43.1

 Well Water .................................... 4.8 9.8 Q Q 23.6 20.8

Range ............................................. 98.6 98.4 98.8 98.7 98.9 0.6

 Electric .......................................... 57.4 51.1 51.8 64.9 52.5 5.8

 Natural Gas ................................... 39.0 44.1 45.8 33.7 21.3 8.8

 LPG ............................................... 2.3 3.2 Q Q 25.1 26.2

 Other ............................................. Q Q Q Q Q NF

Refrigerators ................................ 99.7 99.8 100.0 99.5 100.0 NF

 1 .................................................... 95.6 91.7 98.6 98.0 95.8 1.8

 2 or More ...................................... 4.1 8.0 Q 1.5 Q 22.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-6b. Appliances by Type of Rented Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Rented

Units

Type of Rented Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.5 0.7 1.4 1.0 1.9

Most-Used Refrigerator

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free ................................... 76.0 82.1 65.2 74.4 72.7 3.2

 Manual ........................................ 23.7 17.7 34.8 25.1 27.3 9.4

 Type of Refrigerator

 2-Doors (top and bottom) ............ 76.5 76.0 75.7 77.3 75.1 3.4

 2-Doors (side-by-side) ................ 6.0 9.9 3.5 3.5 Q 18.3

 Regular (single door) .................. 16.2 12.8 19.4 17.9 19.1 13.2

 Half-Size/Other ........................... 1.0 Q Q Q Q 43.6

 Age of Refrigerator

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 14.2 15.3 12.2 14.3 Q 12.9

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 21.4 20.5 23.1 22.4 11.8 10.9

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 26.7 28.5 25.9 24.9 33.3 8.4

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 19.2 22.1 20.0 16.1 23.1 10.9

 20 Years or More ........................ 6.0 5.4 6.3 6.6 Q 19.1

 Don’t Know ................................. 12.2 8.0 12.5 15.2 19.8 13.7

 Size of Refrigerator

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ....... 1.4 1.1 Q 1.8 Q 30.6

 Small (11-14 cf) .......................... 13.7 9.0 15.7 16.8 16.7 13.5

 Medium (15-18 cf) ....................... 58.3 55.4 56.9 60.6 66.8 4.0

 Large (19-22 cf) .......................... 25.8 33.2 25.9 20.0 16.5 9.3

 Very Large (23 or More cf) .......... Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Through-the-Door Ice/Water

 Service

 Yes .............................................. 2.3 5.4 Q Q Q NF

 No ............................................... 97.7 94.6 99.9 99.7 98.0 1.1

Color Television Sets ................... 97.9 98.8 96.3 97.5 100.0 0.8

 1 .................................................... 49.0 37.4 52.9 56.9 59.4 5.4

 2 .................................................... 34.1 35.5 29.6 34.5 32.3 7.3

 3 .................................................... 11.8 19.5 12.5 5.3 Q 13.0

 4 .................................................... 2.2 4.5 Q Q Q 28.3

 5 or More ...................................... 0.8 1.8 Q Q Q 50.4

Video Cassette Recorders

(VCR’s) ........................................... 82.6 85.9 76.3 81.3 90.8 2.1

 1 .................................................... 59.8 58.0 54.7 62.6 65.1 4.4

 2 .................................................... 19.2 21.2 20.2 16.8 23.3 10.4

 3 or More ...................................... 3.7 6.7 Q 1.9 Q 27.6

Water Heaters ................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 NE

 Electric ........................................... 40.2 34.5 36.3 43.7 77.5 7.1

 For One Housing Unit ................. 35.7 33.9 31.9 35.5 77.5 7.6

 For Two or More Units ................ 4.5 Q 4.4 8.2 Q 19.2

 Natural Gas ................................... 50.3 58.5 57.6 43.8 Q 6.4

 For One Housing Unit ................. 35.3 53.7 40.9 19.5 Q 10.1

 For Two or More Units ................ 15.0 4.8 16.7 24.3 Q 16.3

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 6.4 2.9 5.5 10.2 Q 20.4

 For One Housing Unit ................. 1.4 2.3 Q Q Q 36.2

 For Two or More Units ................ 5.0 Q 4.9 9.1 Q 19.3

 LPG .............................................. 1.9 3.6 Q Q 12.4 27.4

 Other ............................................. 0.9 Q Q 1.8 Q 51.7

 No Water Heater ........................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-6b. Appliances by Type of Rented Housing Unit,

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Rented

Units

Type of Rented Housing Unit

RSE

Row

Factors

Single-Family 

Multifamily

Two to Four Units Five or More Units Mobile Home

0.5 0.7 1.4 1.0 1.9

Water Heater (for one housing

unit) ................................................ 74.4 93.3 74.0 56.3 100.0 3.7

 Age

 Less than 2 Years ....................... 8.3 12.4 5.6 4.8 19.1 16.5

 2 to 4 Years ................................ 12.7 17.0 15.4 8.3 Q 12.2

 5 to 9 Years ................................ 17.6 22.6 19.2 12.9 15.8 13.8

 10 to 19 Years ............................ 12.3 17.3 9.2 8.5 19.2 15.3

 20 Years or More ........................ 5.5 8.2 3.4 3.5 Q 21.8

 Don’t Know ................................. 14.0 14.2 17.9 11.8 23.7 14.5

 No Separate Heater .................... 4.0 1.6 3.3 6.5 Q 29.6

 No Water Heater ........................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ...................... 25.3 6.3 26.0 43.3 Q 13.0

 Size

 Small ........................................... 17.5 17.1 17.8 15.7 46.9 10.9

 Medium ....................................... 35.2 51.4 31.8 21.8 43.5 7.5

 Large ........................................... 11.5 18.1 11.5 6.2 Q 16.7

 Don’t Know ................................. 6.2 5.2 9.6 6.1 Q 20.8

 No Separate Heater .................... 4.0 1.6 3.3 6.5 Q 29.6

 No Water Heater ........................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ...................... 25.3 6.3 26.0 43.3 Q 13.0

Other Appliances

 Heated Aquarium .......................... 3.4 4.0 Q 3.2 Q 24.1

 Microwave Oven ........................... 73.3 78.4 66.2 71.2 73.0 3.1

 Outdoor Gas Light2 ....................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Rechargeable Tools/

 or Appliances .............................. 25.5 33.9 16.2 21.7 19.4 9.7

 Stereo Equipment ......................... 68.2 72.4 64.2 66.3 62.6 3.9

1 The number of households, where the end use is electric air-conditioning, does not include households that did not use their equipment (0.9 million). It

does include the small number of households where the fuel for central air-conditioning equipment was something other than electricity; those households were

treated as if the fuel was electricity. 2 Includes 642,000 households using room/wall air-conditioners in addition to central air-conditioning. These are excluded from the count of 25.2 million

households using only room air-conditioners.

cf = Cubic feet.

NE = RSE row factor not estimated because RSE’s for all statistics in this row are between 0.0 and 1.0 percent.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to

totals. • Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption

Survey.
Table HC5-7b. Appliances by Four Most Populated States, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Four Most Populated States

RSE

Row

Factors

New York California Texas Florida

0.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.4

Total .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Households With Electric

Air-Conditioning Equipment ...................... 72.5 62.6 41.4 91.7 96.0 3.5

 Central Equipment Not Used ....................... 0.3 Q 1.2 0.5 1.1 29.3

 Room Air Conditioners Not Used ................ 0.7 Q Q Q 1.1 36.9

Households Using Electric

Air-Conditioning1 ........................................ 71.6 62.2 39.9 91.2 94.3 3.3

Type of Electric Air-Conditioning Used

 Central Air-Conditioning2 ............................ 46.8 18.5 27.7 68.6 82.1 5.4

 Without a Heat Pump ................................ 36.4 17.2 24.8 58.8 41.9 10.6

 With a Heat Pump ..................................... 10.4 1.3 2.9 9.8 40.1 21.2

 Room Air-Conditioning ................................ 24.8 43.8 12.2 22.6 12.3 10.7

 1 Unit ......................................................... 14.7 22.8 11.1 9.6 7.9 12.5

 2 Units ....................................................... 7.1 14.2 1.0 7.6 2.5 17.8

 3 or More Units .......................................... 3.0 6.8 Q 5.3 1.9 25.7

Clothes Washer ........................................... 77.4 66.6 60.7 73.0 81.8 4.3

Clothes Dryer ............................................... 71.2 54.5 57.1 69.6 73.7 4.1

 Electric ......................................................... 55.1 37.4 30.6 55.3 70.3 6.2

 Natural Gas ................................................. 15.2 16.4 26.2 14.1 2.7 15.4

 LPG ............................................................. 0.8 0.6 Q Q Q 34.2

Dishwasher .................................................. 50.2 46.0 47.5 54.7 58.0 6.1

Ceiling Fans ................................................. 60.1 50.4 41.1 74.6 74.5 3.6

 1 .................................................................. 23.3 29.4 21.0 14.8 12.2 7.2

 2 .................................................................. 13.8 8.8 9.7 18.0 14.8 11.4

 3 or more ..................................................... 23.0 12.2 10.4 41.8 47.4 8.2

Freezer ......................................................... 33.2 21.2 14.4 30.2 24.8 8.2

 1 ................................................................. 30.2 18.5 13.6 27.1 23.8 9.0

 2 or more .................................................... 2.9 Q Q 3.0 1.0 23.0

Most-Used Freezer

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free .................................................. 10.5 6.6 5.4 9.8 9.4 15.6

 Manual ....................................................... 22.6 14.6 9.0 20.4 15.4 7.7

 Type of Freezer

 Upright ....................................................... 16.3 13.6 11.8 13.1 17.3 8.1

 Chest ....................................................... 16.9 7.6 2.6 17.0 7.5 17.0

 Age of Freezer

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 2.4 Q 0.6 2.7 Q 26.9

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 4.1 1.9 1.8 4.3 3.5 28.5

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 7.4 4.9 4.2 7.4 5.0 13.2

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 12.2 7.2 4.9 12.0 9.8 13.5

 20 Years or More ....................................... 6.6 5.2 2.9 3.4 Q 24.7

 Don’t Know ................................................ 0.5 Q Q Q Q 46.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-7b. Appliances by Four Most Populated States, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Four Most Populated States

RSE

Row

Factors

New York California Texas Florida

0.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.4

 Freezer Size

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ..................... 2.7 1.2 1.0 3.0 1.5 32.0

 Small (11-14 cf) ......................................... 6.6 3.6 2.3 6.3 3.9 22.3

 Medium (15-18 cf) ..................................... 13.3 7.1 6.2 11.7 10.0 12.5

 Large (19-22 cf) ......................................... 8.9 7.7 3.5 7.6 8.4 14.9

 Very Large (23 or More cf) ........................ 1.7 1.6 1.4 Q Q 21.4

Heaters (other) 

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................................ 3.9 3.5 6.7 5.4 8.3 23.0

 Electric ....................................................... 2.6 3.0 3.8 3.5 3.0 28.3

 Natural Gas ............................................... 1.1 Q 2.6 Q Q 34.6

 LPG/Other ................................................. 0.1 Q Q Q Q NF

 Portable Space ............................................ 13.9 11.2 11.2 14.8 9.5 11.2

 Electric ....................................................... 12.1 10.5 10.9 14.3 8.4 10.6

 Kerosene ................................................... 2.0 Q Q Q Q 24.5

 Swimming Pool ............................................ 1.1 Q 1.7 1.7 Q 31.8

 Natural Gas ............................................... 0.7 0.7 1.4 1.7 Q 33.1

 Electric/LPG/Other .................................... 0.4 Q Q Q Q 70.4

 Waterbed Heaters ...................................... 8.3 5.5 3.3 8.5 9.4 17.5

 1 ................................................................ 6.8 5.2 Q 7.2 7.3 20.4

 2 or More ................................................... 1.4 Q 0.8 1.4 2.0 18.1

 Waterbed Heaters

 Used All Year ............................................ 7.3 5.0 3.3 7.2 9.4 19.8

 1 .............................................................. 6.4 4.6 Q 6.2 8.4 20.1

 2 or More ................................................ 1.0 Q 0.8 1.0 1.0 23.6

Oven ............................................................. 98.8 99.3 97.5 99.0 98.5 NF

 Electric ......................................................... 61.4 35.2 42.5 59.9 89.2 3.9

 Natural Gas ................................................. 33.3 57.2 52.8 35.7 5.6 6.9

 LPG ............................................................. 4.1 6.9 2.3 3.4 3.7 23.3

 Other ........................................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

Self-Cleaning Oven ..................................... 44.1 43.3 36.8 41.3 46.8 6.6

 Continuous .................................................. 9.9 10.9 8.6 11.2 8.0 12.7

 Manual Start ................................................ 34.1 32.4 28.2 30.1 38.8 7.6

Pumps (Electric) .......................................... 19.8 19.3 11.5 12.3 34.9 10.7

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................................ 4.0 3.7 6.7 5.4 8.3 22.5

 Swimming Pool ............................................ 5.4 8.5 4.1 5.0 15.0 15.6

 Well Water ................................................... 14.1 10.7 3.4 5.1 28.2 22.6

Range ........................................................... 99.2 99.6 98.6 99.0 99.2 NF

 Electric ......................................................... 60.2 34.7 39.0 56.4 89.7 4.2

 Natural Gas ................................................. 34.7 58.0 56.8 39.0 5.8 6.8

 LPG ............................................................. 4.3 6.9 2.8 3.6 3.7 24.6

 Other ........................................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

Refrigerators ............................................... 99.8 99.8 99.7 100.0 100.0 NF

 1 .................................................................. 84.7 88.6 84.2 85.4 88.6 1.7

 2 or More ..................................................... 15.2 11.1 15.5 14.6 11.4 10.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-7b. Appliances by Four Most Populated States, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Four Most Populated States

RSE

Row

Factors

New York California Texas Florida

0.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.4

Most-Used Refrigerator

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free .................................................. 86.8 83.1 84.0 91.2 93.4 1.3

 Manual ....................................................... 13.1 16.7 15.7 8.8 6.6 10.8

 Type of Refrigerator

 2-Doors (top and bottom) .......................... 68.0 71.9 54.5 63.9 63.7 4.5

 2-Doors (side-by-side) ............................... 20.4 15.0 29.6 26.3 23.9 11.2

 Regular (single door) ................................. 10.7 12.4 14.6 8.6 11.3 14.4

 Half-Size/Other .......................................... 0.7 0.4 1.0 Q Q 34.3

 Age of Refrigerator

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 13.2 13.0 13.8 14.9 11.4 11.6

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 21.0 23.0 18.5 24.8 17.1 9.0

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 29.9 26.1 32.9 30.2 33.5 7.4

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 23.8 23.5 24.3 20.3 25.7 6.2

 20 Years or More ....................................... 7.0 7.5 6.2 5.8 3.9 15.5

 Don’t Know ................................................ 5.0 6.6 4.0 4.0 8.4 18.3

 Size of Refrigerator

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ..................... 0.9 Q 1.0 Q Q 34.5

 Small (11-14 cf) ......................................... 7.6 10.3 11.7 6.6 11.5 10.7

 Medium (15-18 cf) ..................................... 45.0 47.6 35.3 40.2 37.6 5.2

 Large (19-22 cf) ......................................... 44.8 40.5 50.1 50.1 49.9 5.7

 Very Large (23 or More cf) ........................ 1.5 Q 1.6 2.0 Q 26.1

 Through-the-Door Ice/Water

 Service

 Yes ............................................................ 13.0 8.4 17.5 18.0 18.2 14.7

 No .............................................................. 87.0 91.6 82.5 82.0 81.8 2.7

Color Television Sets .................................. 98.7 99.6 98.0 97.7 98.1 NF

 1 .................................................................. 31.8 31.2 34.7 30.2 25.0 7.5

 2 .................................................................. 37.4 39.3 38.2 37.0 40.7 4.5

 3 .................................................................. 19.1 19.2 18.2 19.2 18.6 8.4

 4 .................................................................. 7.7 7.9 5.3 7.8 11.4 16.6

 5 or More ..................................................... 2.7 2.1 1.5 3.5 2.4 24.1

Video Cassette Recorders (VCR’s) ............ 87.6 86.0 89.5 86.5 81.6 1.7

 1 .................................................................. 55.5 59.5 58.5 50.9 45.4 4.2

 2 .................................................................. 24.9 19.8 24.5 26.8 27.9 7.9

 3 or More ..................................................... 7.2 6.8 6.5 8.8 8.2 15.6

Water Heaters .............................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 NE

 Electric .......................................................... 39.1 14.8 15.7 34.6 78.8 10.8

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 37.3 13.7 13.9 29.9 77.7 11.3

 For Two or More Units ............................... 1.8 Q 1.7 4.7 1.1 27.8

 Natural Gas ................................................. 51.9 48.6 80.9 61.5 15.6 8.0

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 45.8 35.1 69.0 59.4 13.0 9.6

 For Two or More Units ............................... 6.1 13.5 11.9 Q 2.6 16.8

 Fuel Oil ........................................................ 5.1 32.6 Q Q Q 15.5

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 3.1 13.0 Q Q Q 23.9

 For Two or More Units ............................... 2.0 19.7 Q Q Q 14.4

 LPG ............................................................ 3.2 3.0 2.7 3.6 2.5 24.5

 Other ........................................................... 0.7 Q Q Q Q 57.2

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 0.4 0.3 Q Q 41.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-7b. Appliances by Four Most Populated States, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Four Most Populated States

RSE

Row

Factors

New York California Texas Florida

0.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.4

Water Heater (for one housing unit) .......... 89.7 65.0 85.7 93.0 95.3 2.0

 Age

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 11.1 9.0 8.1 10.9 6.8 15.4

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 16.8 12.9 12.3 26.7 16.1 10.7

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 25.0 16.6 23.8 27.2 33.9 7.8

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 19.9 12.4 20.9 15.7 20.7 11.0

 20 Years or More ....................................... 7.0 3.2 11.0 4.1 4.9 17.2

 Don’t Know ................................................ 7.0 2.8 7.1 7.5 12.5 13.6

 No Separate Heater .................................. 2.9 8.1 2.5 Q Q 24.5

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 0.4 0.3 Q Q 41.2

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ..................................... 10.1 34.7 14.0 6.8 3.9 15.9

 Size

 Small ......................................................... 15.3 8.0 12.8 18.4 25.0 11.3

 Medium ...................................................... 46.4 31.2 40.6 51.0 47.0 6.5

 Large ......................................................... 21.3 15.3 25.9 20.3 17.7 9.5

 Don’t Know ................................................ 3.7 2.3 4.0 2.3 Q 24.8

 No Separate Heater .................................. 2.9 8.1 2.5 Q Q 24.5

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 0.4 0.3 Q Q 41.2

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ..................................... 10.1 34.7 14.0 6.8 3.9 15.9

Other Appliances

 Heated Aquarium ........................................ 3.8 4.4 4.7 1.8 4.2 17.2

 Microwave Oven .......................................... 83.0 75.9 82.1 79.7 84.0 2.1

 Outdoor Gas Light2 ..................................... 0.7 Q Q 1.0 Q 27.9

 Rechargeable Tools/

 or Appliances ............................................. 43.7 38.9 43.7 46.0 42.1 5.1

 Stereo Equipment ........................................ 68.8 68.6 73.1 72.6 73.0 2.0

1 The number of households, where the end use is electric air-conditioning, does not include households that did not use their equipment (0.9 million). It does include

the small number of households where the fuel for central air-conditioning equipment was something other than electricity; those households were treated as if the fuel

was electricity. 2 Includes 642,000 households using room/wall air-conditioners in addition to central air-conditioning. These are excluded from the count of 25.2 million households

using only room air-conditioners.

cf = Cubic feet.

NE = RSE row factor not estimated because RSE’s for all statistics in this row are between 0.0 and 1.0 percent.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.
Table HC5-8b. Appliances by Urban/Rural Location, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Urban/Rural Location1

RSE

Row

Factors

City Town Suburbs Rural

0.6 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.2

Total .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Households With Electric

Air-Conditioning Equipment ...................... 72.5 69.8 72.8 80.7 70.8 2.3

 Central Equipment Not Used ....................... 0.3 0.5 Q Q Q 27.6

 Room Air Conditioners Not Used ................ 0.7 0.7 0.6 Q Q 28.5

Households Using Electric

Air-Conditioning2 ........................................ 71.6 68.7 72.1 79.9 70.1 2.4

Type of Electric Air-Conditioning Used

 Central Air-Conditioning3 ............................ 46.8 42.5 42.7 64.3 44.1 3.8

 Without a Heat Pump ................................ 36.4 34.0 35.5 49.2 29.7 5.3

 With a Heat Pump ..................................... 10.4 8.5 7.2 15.1 14.4 11.3

 Room Air-Conditioning ................................ 24.8 26.2 29.4 15.7 26.0 6.0

 1 Unit ......................................................... 14.7 16.2 16.4 9.2 14.4 8.0

 2 Units ....................................................... 7.1 6.9 9.6 4.5 8.2 10.4

 3 or More Units .......................................... 3.0 3.1 3.4 2.0 3.4 16.3

Clothes Washer ........................................... 77.4 67.5 80.9 88.4 90.1 1.7

Clothes Dryer ............................................... 71.2 59.8 74.6 85.0 84.9 2.0

 Electric ......................................................... 55.1 42.6 61.6 62.5 76.3 2.9

 Natural Gas ................................................. 15.2 17.0 12.5 22.3 5.0 10.1

 LPG ............................................................. 0.8 0.2 0.5 Q 3.6 27.7

Dishwasher .................................................. 50.2 42.2 48.8 71.9 50.6 3.2

Ceiling Fans ................................................. 60.1 54.5 58.8 67.8 69.2 2.6

 1 .................................................................. 23.3 21.7 23.5 23.9 26.8 5.4

 2 .................................................................. 13.8 12.8 14.9 16.1 13.0 6.8

 3 or more ..................................................... 23.0 20.0 20.4 27.8 29.4 5.3

Freezer ......................................................... 33.2 24.8 35.2 32.2 56.5 4.3

 1 ................................................................. 30.2 23.1 32.0 29.9 49.7 4.6

 2 or more .................................................... 2.9 1.7 3.3 2.4 6.8 13.6

Most-Used Freezer

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free .................................................. 10.5 8.1 11.0 10.9 16.8 7.0

 Manual ....................................................... 22.6 16.7 24.3 21.3 39.7 5.3

 Type of Freezer

 Upright ....................................................... 16.3 13.0 15.8 19.9 22.5 5.5

 Chest ....................................................... 16.9 11.8 19.5 12.3 34.0 6.4

 Age of Freezer

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 2.4 1.6 2.5 1.8 5.2 16.6

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 4.1 3.8 3.8 3.5 6.2 13.8

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 7.4 5.9 7.8 7.7 11.1 9.7

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 12.2 9.3 12.2 11.4 21.3 7.1

 20 Years or More ....................................... 6.6 3.9 8.6 7.1 11.5 10.8

 Don’t Know ................................................ 0.5 0.3 Q 0.6 1.2 33.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-8b. Appliances by Urban/Rural Location, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Urban/Rural Location1

RSE

Row

Factors

City Town Suburbs Rural

0.6 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.2

 Freezer Size

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ..................... 2.7 2.4 3.0 2.6 3.2 16.0

 Small (11-14 cf) ......................................... 6.6 4.5 7.9 7.1 10.7 9.8

 Medium (15-18 cf) ..................................... 13.3 10.4 13.8 12.0 22.6 7.7

 Large (19-22 cf) ......................................... 8.9 6.3 8.9 8.7 16.7 8.4

 Very Large (23 or More cf) ........................ 1.7 1.1 1.7 1.8 3.3 19.7

Heaters (other) 

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................................ 3.9 2.4 3.9 6.7 5.2 15.3

 Electric ....................................................... 2.6 1.7 2.7 3.9 3.9 16.2

 Natural Gas ............................................... 1.1 0.7 1.2 2.7 Q 30.5

 LPG/Other ................................................. 0.1 Q Q Q 0.5 NF

 Portable Space ............................................ 13.9 11.3 14.8 18.0 16.0 7.2

 Electric ....................................................... 12.1 10.1 13.2 15.8 12.8 8.1

 Kerosene ................................................... 2.0 1.4 1.7 2.3 3.8 17.0

 Swimming Pool ............................................ 1.1 0.6 0.7 2.2 1.7 33.9

 Natural Gas ............................................... 0.7 0.3 Q 2.0 Q 41.7

 Electric/LPG/Other .................................... 0.4 0.3 Q Q 1.2 41.6

 Waterbed Heaters ...................................... 8.3 6.4 9.8 9.3 10.7 9.9

 1 ................................................................ 6.8 5.4 8.2 7.2 9.1 11.1

 2 or More ................................................... 1.4 1.0 1.6 2.1 1.7 19.2

 Waterbed Heaters

 Used All Year ............................................ 7.3 5.8 8.2 8.5 9.7 10.2

 1 .............................................................. 6.4 5.1 6.9 7.3 8.4 11.3

 2 or More ................................................ 1.0 0.7 1.3 1.2 1.3 21.0

Oven ............................................................. 98.8 98.5 99.1 99.4 98.7 NF

 Electric ......................................................... 61.4 53.9 68.6 65.6 70.6 2.7

 Natural Gas ................................................. 33.3 43.7 26.2 32.4 11.3 6.4

 LPG ............................................................. 4.1 0.8 4.3 1.4 16.7 17.6

 Other ........................................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

Self-Cleaning Oven ..................................... 44.1 37.0 45.9 58.1 47.0 3.4

 Continuous .................................................. 9.9 8.7 9.1 13.0 10.9 8.4

 Manual Start ................................................ 34.1 28.2 36.8 45.1 36.0 4.2

Pumps (Electric) .......................................... 19.8 7.9 15.8 19.5 59.7 7.1

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................................ 4.0 2.4 4.1 6.7 5.3 15.2

 Swimming Pool ............................................ 5.4 3.4 3.8 9.0 8.9 11.4

 Well Water ................................................... 14.1 3.1 10.5 9.9 55.2 11.6

Range ........................................................... 99.2 99.0 99.0 99.3 99.7 NF

 Electric ......................................................... 60.2 53.2 67.3 63.1 69.5 2.8

 Natural Gas ................................................. 34.7 45.0 27.5 34.9 12.1 6.2

 LPG ............................................................. 4.3 0.8 4.3 1.4 17.9 17.5

 Other ........................................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

Refrigerators ............................................... 99.8 99.8 99.8 100.0 99.8 NF

 1 .................................................................. 84.7 88.1 85.5 78.0 81.3 1.4

 2 or More ..................................................... 15.2 11.7 14.3 22.0 18.5 6.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-8b. Appliances by Urban/Rural Location, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Urban/Rural Location1

RSE

Row

Factors

City Town Suburbs Rural

0.6 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.2

Most-Used Refrigerator

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free .................................................. 86.8 84.1 87.1 92.5 87.9 1.1

 Manual ....................................................... 13.1 15.7 12.7 7.5 11.9 8.1

 Type of Refrigerator

 2-Doors (top and bottom) .......................... 68.0 67.2 72.9 67.2 65.5 2.0

 2-Doors (side-by-side) ............................... 20.4 18.2 17.4 25.1 24.9 5.8

 Regular (single door) ................................. 10.7 13.5 8.8 6.9 8.7 10.6

 Half-Size/Other .......................................... 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.6 29.6

 Age of Refrigerator

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 13.2 13.4 12.4 13.7 13.1 6.5

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 21.0 20.8 20.9 21.4 21.7 4.9

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 29.9 29.5 32.2 29.2 28.9 4.4

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 23.8 22.7 23.0 25.7 25.8 4.5

 20 Years or More ....................................... 7.0 7.5 6.3 5.3 8.0 9.1

 Don’t Know ................................................ 5.0 6.0 4.9 4.6 2.3 15.8

 Size of Refrigerator

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ..................... 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.6 1.2 25.0

 Small (11-14 cf) ......................................... 7.6 9.2 7.6 5.3 5.7 9.5

 Medium (15-18 cf) ..................................... 45.0 45.3 48.1 42.2 44.0 2.9

 Large (19-22 cf) ......................................... 44.8 43.4 41.4 49.3 47.9 3.3

 Very Large (23 or More cf) ........................ 1.5 1.1 1.8 2.6 1.2 19.6

 Through-the-Door Ice/Water

 Service

 Yes ............................................................ 13.0 10.4 11.8 17.0 17.3 8.2

 No .............................................................. 87.0 89.6 88.2 83.0 82.7 1.4

Color Television Sets .................................. 98.7 98.3 99.4 99.3 98.4 NF

 1 .................................................................. 31.8 33.7 35.3 21.8 33.9 4.1

 2 .................................................................. 37.4 38.6 33.8 38.9 36.0 3.5

 3 .................................................................. 19.1 17.5 18.9 24.1 18.5 5.7

 4 .................................................................. 7.7 6.3 8.6 10.0 7.9 9.9

 5 or More ..................................................... 2.7 2.2 2.8 4.6 2.1 15.7

Video Cassette Recorders (VCR’s) ............ 87.6 85.6 87.1 91.5 89.5 1.1

 1 .................................................................. 55.5 54.2 57.7 52.2 60.9 2.6

 2 .................................................................. 24.9 24.7 22.0 29.5 23.4 5.3

 3 or More ..................................................... 7.2 6.7 7.5 9.8 5.2 10.1

Water Heaters .............................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 NE

 Electric .......................................................... 39.1 30.9 41.8 35.6 63.8 4.6

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 37.3 28.8 40.6 33.6 62.5 4.7

 For Two or More Units ............................... 1.8 2.1 1.2 2.0 1.3 22.7

 Natural Gas ................................................. 51.9 63.2 47.8 58.7 15.5 4.8

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 45.8 53.7 43.6 55.6 14.2 5.2

 For Two or More Units ............................... 6.1 9.5 4.3 3.2 1.3 15.5

 Fuel Oil ........................................................ 5.1 4.5 6.4 4.7 5.7 13.3

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 3.1 1.2 5.2 4.4 4.8 17.0

 For Two or More Units ............................... 2.0 3.2 1.2 Q 0.9 18.5

 LPG ............................................................ 3.2 0.6 3.5 0.5 13.3 20.3

 Other ........................................................... 0.7 0.7 Q 0.5 1.2 34.7

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 0.1 Q Q Q 48.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-8b. Appliances by Urban/Rural Location, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Urban/Rural Location1

RSE

Row

Factors

City Town Suburbs Rural

0.6 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.2

Water Heater (for one housing unit) .......... 89.7 84.5 93.1 94.5 95.9 1.1

 Age

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 11.1 10.2 11.6 11.3 13.0 7.7

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 16.8 15.7 17.4 16.9 19.2 5.6

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 25.0 22.6 25.6 30.1 25.3 4.7

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 19.9 18.0 20.8 21.8 22.7 5.7

 20 Years or More ....................................... 7.0 7.1 8.1 4.3 8.5 10.0

 Don’t Know ................................................ 7.0 8.5 6.2 6.7 4.2 10.7

 No Separate Heater .................................. 2.9 2.5 3.4 3.5 3.1 17.3

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 0.1 Q Q Q 48.3

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ..................................... 10.1 15.3 6.8 5.5 3.6 12.5

 Size

 Small ......................................................... 15.3 16.0 15.2 11.0 18.0 7.3

 Medium ...................................................... 46.4 44.5 49.1 50.2 44.8 3.3

 Large ......................................................... 21.3 17.0 22.3 26.6 27.0 6.0

 Don’t Know ................................................ 3.7 4.4 3.1 3.2 3.0 17.4

 No Separate Heater .................................. 2.9 2.5 3.4 3.5 3.1 17.3

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 0.1 Q Q Q 48.3

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ..................................... 10.1 15.3 6.8 5.5 3.6 12.5

Other Appliances

 Heated Aquarium ........................................ 3.8 3.2 3.7 4.3 5.2 12.9

 Microwave Oven .......................................... 83.0 78.6 86.5 88.1 85.9 1.5

 Outdoor Gas Light3 ..................................... 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 30.9

 Rechargeable Tools/

 or Appliances ............................................. 43.7 37.0 45.2 54.1 50.3 3.0

 Stereo Equipment ........................................ 68.8 67.3 65.9 79.5 64.3 1.7

1 Based on the household respondent’s description rather than the Federal Government definition. 2 The number of households, where the end use is electric air-conditioning, does not include households that did not use their equipment (0.9 million). It does include

the small number of households where the fuel for central air-conditioning equipment was something other than electricity; those households were treated as if the fuel

was electricity. 3 Includes 642,000 households using room/wall air-conditioners in addition to central air-conditioning. These are excluded from the count of 25.2 million households

using only room air-conditioners.

cf = Cubic feet.

NE = RSE row factor not estimated because RSE’s for all statistics in this row are between 0.0 and 1.0 percent.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.
Table HC5-9b. Appliances by Northeast Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

Northeast Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

Middle Atlantic New England

0.5 1.0 1.3 1.5

Total .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Households With Electric

Air-Conditioning Equipment ...................... 72.5 63.3 68.6 48.8 3.8

 Central Equipment Not Used ....................... 0.3 Q Q Q 40.2

 Room Air Conditioners Not Used ................ 0.7 1.5 1.4 Q 29.5

Households Using Electric

Air-Conditioning1 ........................................ 71.6 61.7 67.2 46.9 4.2

Type of Electric Air-Conditioning Used

 Central Air-Conditioning2 ............................ 46.8 22.1 27.5 7.7 11.2

 Without a Heat Pump ................................ 36.4 19.7 24.5 6.7 13.6

 With a Heat Pump ..................................... 10.4 2.5 3.0 Q 26.0

 Room Air-Conditioning ................................ 24.8 39.6 39.7 39.2 7.4

 1 Unit ......................................................... 14.7 20.3 19.6 21.9 9.3

 2 Units ....................................................... 7.1 13.6 14.3 11.7 10.7

 3 or More Units .......................................... 3.0 5.7 5.8 5.6 19.0

Clothes Washer ........................................... 77.4 76.0 76.5 74.5 2.2

Clothes Dryer ............................................... 71.2 66.7 67.2 65.2 2.3

 Electric ......................................................... 55.1 48.3 46.1 54.3 5.0

 Natural Gas ................................................. 15.2 17.7 20.7 9.3 15.2

 LPG ............................................................. 0.8 0.7 Q Q 25.9

Dishwasher .................................................. 50.2 48.5 48.9 47.5 3.9

Ceiling Fans ................................................. 60.1 51.2 53.4 45.5 2.9

 1 .................................................................. 23.3 26.0 27.0 23.3 4.4

 2 .................................................................. 13.8 11.9 12.1 11.2 7.8

 3 or more ..................................................... 23.0 13.3 14.2 11.0 8.3

Freezer ......................................................... 33.2 25.7 27.2 21.9 6.4

 1 ................................................................. 30.2 24.2 25.4 21.0 6.7

 2 or more .................................................... 2.9 1.5 1.7 Q 25.3

Most-Used Freezer

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free .................................................. 10.5 7.5 7.6 7.2 6.9

 Manual ....................................................... 22.6 18.3 19.6 14.7 7.6

 Type of Freezer

 Upright ....................................................... 16.3 13.9 14.6 12.0 5.3

 Chest ....................................................... 16.9 11.8 12.5 9.9 11.7

 Age of Freezer

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.5 22.5

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 4.1 2.6 2.6 2.7 16.5

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 7.4 5.3 5.2 5.5 14.5

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 12.2 9.8 11.0 6.6 10.2

 20 Years or More ....................................... 6.6 5.4 5.8 4.5 13.6

 Don’t Know ................................................ 0.5 Q Q Q 37.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-9b. Appliances by Northeast Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

Northeast Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

Middle Atlantic New England

0.5 1.0 1.3 1.5

 Freezer Size

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ..................... 2.7 3.0 2.3 4.9 21.1

 Small (11-14 cf) ......................................... 6.6 5.4 5.7 4.5 14.0

 Medium (15-18 cf) ..................................... 13.3 9.0 9.8 6.7 7.6

 Large (19-22 cf) ......................................... 8.9 6.8 7.3 5.2 9.9

 Very Large (23 or More cf) ........................ 1.7 1.7 2.0 Q 19.2

Heaters (other) 

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................................ 3.9 2.8 3.6 Q 18.3

 Electric ....................................................... 2.6 2.4 3.2 Q 20.7

 Natural Gas ............................................... 1.1 Q Q Q 50.3

 LPG/Other ................................................. Q Q Q Q NF

 Portable Space ............................................ 13.9 12.6 13.5 10.1 9.3

 Electric ....................................................... 12.1 10.8 11.8 8.1 9.7

 Kerosene ................................................... 2.0 1.9 1.8 2.2 19.9

 Swimming Pool ............................................ 1.1 0.8 Q Q 36.8

 Natural Gas ............................................... 0.7 Q Q Q 50.7

 Electric/LPG/Other .................................... 0.4 Q Q Q 56.3

 Waterbed Heaters ...................................... 8.3 6.1 6.2 6.1 12.5

 1 ................................................................ 6.8 5.4 5.6 5.0 13.7

 2 or More ................................................... 1.4 Q Q Q 20.8

 Waterbed Heaters

 Used All Year ............................................ 7.3 5.5 5.7 5.2 14.6

 1 .............................................................. 6.4 4.8 5.1 4.1 16.6

 2 or More ................................................ 1.0 Q Q Q 21.7

Oven ............................................................. 98.8 99.4 99.4 99.5 NF

 Electric ......................................................... 61.4 49.3 43.4 65.1 5.5

 Natural Gas ................................................. 33.3 45.0 51.8 26.5 8.6

 LPG ............................................................. 4.1 5.1 4.1 7.9 20.6

 Other ........................................................... Q Q Q Q NF

Self-Cleaning Oven ..................................... 44.1 48.5 46.9 52.7 4.6

 Continuous .................................................. 9.9 9.6 10.5 7.0 10.4

 Manual Start ................................................ 34.1 38.9 36.4 45.8 5.6

Pumps (Electric) .......................................... 19.8 26.1 23.5 33.1 9.4

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................................ 4.0 3.0 3.7 Q 17.6

 Swimming Pool ............................................ 5.4 7.6 6.9 9.6 9.3

 Well Water ................................................... 14.1 18.9 16.4 25.6 13.6

Range ........................................................... 99.2 99.7 99.5 100.0 NF

 Electric ......................................................... 60.2 48.3 42.4 64.5 5.5

 Natural Gas ................................................. 34.7 45.7 52.5 27.2 8.3

 LPG ............................................................. 4.3 5.6 4.6 8.4 19.7

 Other ........................................................... Q Q Q Q NF

Refrigerators ............................................... 99.8 99.9 99.9 100.0 NF

 1 .................................................................. 84.7 84.6 84.5 84.8 1.6

 2 or More ..................................................... 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.2 8.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-9b. Appliances by Northeast Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

Northeast Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

Middle Atlantic New England

0.5 1.0 1.3 1.5

Most-Used Refrigerator

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free .................................................. 86.8 85.2 85.7 83.7 1.5

 Manual ....................................................... 13.1 14.7 14.2 16.3 6.2

 Type of Refrigerator

 2-Doors (top and bottom) .......................... 68.0 74.2 73.6 75.8 1.9

 2-Doors (side-by-side) ............................... 20.4 15.2 15.7 13.9 7.0

 Regular (single door) ................................. 10.7 9.8 10.0 9.2 10.5

 Half-Size/Other .......................................... 0.7 0.6 Q Q 33.8

 Age of Refrigerator

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 13.2 12.4 11.5 14.8 7.2

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 21.0 21.1 21.5 19.8 6.2

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 29.9 28.9 28.7 29.4 4.6

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 23.8 24.1 24.9 21.8 4.5

 20 Years or More ....................................... 7.0 7.8 8.2 6.7 9.9

 Don’t Know ................................................ 5.0 5.6 4.9 7.5 16.8

 Size of Refrigerator

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ..................... 0.9 1.4 1.5 Q 22.5

 Small (11-14 cf) ......................................... 7.6 8.4 9.0 7.0 11.1

 Medium (15-18 cf) ..................................... 45.0 48.8 48.6 49.4 2.7

 Large (19-22 cf) ......................................... 44.8 39.6 39.2 40.9 4.3

 Very Large (23 or More cf) ........................ 1.5 1.6 1.6 Q 21.1

 Through-the-Door Ice/Water

 Service

 Yes ............................................................ 13.0 8.4 8.2 8.8 12.4

 No .............................................................. 87.0 91.6 91.8 91.2 1.2

Color Television Sets .................................. 98.7 98.9 99.2 98.0 NF

 1 .................................................................. 31.8 31.8 29.7 37.6 4.4

 2 .................................................................. 37.4 36.1 38.1 30.6 3.7

 3 .................................................................. 19.1 20.8 21.4 19.4 5.5

 4 .................................................................. 7.7 7.5 7.1 8.7 9.8

 5 or More ..................................................... 2.7 2.6 2.9 Q 17.6

Video Cassette Recorders (VCR’s) ............ 87.6 86.1 86.2 85.9 1.1

 1 .................................................................. 55.5 57.5 57.9 56.2 2.4

 2 .................................................................. 24.9 21.5 21.3 22.1 5.0

 3 or More ..................................................... 7.2 7.1 7.0 7.5 10.3

Water Heaters .............................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 NE

 Electric .......................................................... 39.1 25.9 23.7 32.0 8.7

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 37.3 24.3 22.8 28.3 8.9

 For Two or More Units ............................... 1.8 1.7 Q 3.7 21.3

 Natural Gas ................................................. 51.9 46.3 52.2 30.5 9.2

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 45.8 38.4 42.8 26.4 10.6

 For Two or More Units ............................... 6.1 7.9 9.3 4.1 15.2

 Fuel Oil ........................................................ 5.1 24.8 21.4 33.9 9.5

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 3.1 14.7 10.7 25.6 11.5

 For Two or More Units ............................... 2.0 10.1 10.7 8.3 14.5

 LPG ............................................................ 3.2 2.0 2.0 2.2 23.6

 Other ........................................................... 0.7 0.8 Q Q 44.8

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 Q Q Q 70.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-9b. Appliances by Northeast Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

Northeast Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

Middle Atlantic New England

0.5 1.0 1.3 1.5

Water Heater (for one housing unit) .......... 89.7 79.7 78.5 83.0 2.2

 Age

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 11.1 10.0 9.9 10.1 9.1

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 16.8 15.0 14.7 15.8 6.7

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 25.0 20.9 21.3 19.9 5.7

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 19.9 14.4 15.9 10.1 7.3

 20 Years or More ....................................... 7.0 6.2 5.3 8.7 10.5

 Don’t Know ................................................ 7.0 4.3 4.0 5.3 13.2

 No Separate Heater .................................. 2.9 9.0 7.5 13.0 14.4

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 Q Q Q 70.4

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ..................................... 10.1 20.1 21.3 17.0 9.8

 Size

 Small ......................................................... 15.3 11.1 11.2 10.6 7.5

 Medium ...................................................... 46.4 40.3 42.6 34.0 5.8

 Large ......................................................... 21.3 15.6 14.9 17.6 7.8

 Don’t Know ................................................ 3.7 3.8 2.3 7.8 16.7

 No Separate Heater .................................. 2.9 9.0 7.5 13.0 14.4

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 Q Q Q 70.4

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ..................................... 10.1 20.1 21.3 17.0 9.8

Other Appliances

 Heated Aquarium ........................................ 3.8 3.3 3.3 3.1 14.4

 Microwave Oven .......................................... 83.0 78.7 78.1 80.2 1.5

 Outdoor Gas Light2 ..................................... 0.7 Q Q Q 38.5

 Rechargeable Tools/

 or Appliances ............................................. 43.7 43.2 43.2 43.1 4.0

 Stereo Equipment ........................................ 68.8 66.7 66.7 67.0 2.0

1 The number of households, where the end use is electric air-conditioning, does not include households that did not use their equipment (0.9 million). It does

include the small number of households where the fuel for central air-conditioning equipment was something other than electricity; those households were treated as

if the fuel was electricity. 2 Includes 642,000 households using room/wall air-conditioners in addition to central air-conditioning. These are excluded from the count of 25.2 million

households using only room air-conditioners.

cf = Cubic feet.

NE = RSE row factor not estimated because RSE’s for all statistics in this row are between 0.0 and 1.0 percent.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.
Table HC5-10b. Appliances by Midwest Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

Midwest Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

East North Central West North Central

0.5 1.0 1.2 1.6

Total .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Households With Electric

Air-Conditioning Equipment ...................... 72.5 78.2 73.8 88.6 2.3

 Central Equipment Not Used ....................... 0.3 Q Q Q 37.3

 Room Air Conditioners Not Used ................ 0.7 0.9 Q Q 26.8

Households Using Electric

Air-Conditioning1 ........................................ 71.6 77.3 73.1 87.5 2.2

Type of Electric Air-Conditioning Used

 Central Air-Conditioning2 ............................ 46.8 51.3 47.6 60.1 4.2

 Without a Heat Pump ................................ 36.4 49.5 45.8 58.4 4.8

 With a Heat Pump ..................................... 10.4 1.7 1.8 Q 23.7

 Room Air-Conditioning ................................ 24.8 26.1 25.5 27.4 8.1

 1 Unit ......................................................... 14.7 18.2 17.4 20.0 9.7

 2 Units ....................................................... 7.1 6.3 6.1 6.8 13.5

 3 or More Units .......................................... 3.0 1.6 2.0 Q 21.4

Clothes Washer ........................................... 77.4 78.9 76.1 85.6 2.0

Clothes Dryer ............................................... 71.2 75.8 73.0 82.3 2.4

 Electric ......................................................... 55.1 50.1 45.4 61.2 4.2

 Natural Gas ................................................. 15.2 23.9 26.0 19.0 11.3

 LPG ............................................................. 0.8 1.7 1.6 2.1 22.7

Dishwasher .................................................. 50.2 46.9 45.3 50.7 3.6

Ceiling Fans ................................................. 60.1 63.6 60.7 70.4 3.6

 1 .................................................................. 23.3 26.6 26.7 26.2 7.6

 2 .................................................................. 13.8 15.9 15.1 17.9 5.7

 3 or more ..................................................... 23.0 21.1 18.9 26.2 5.5

Freezer ......................................................... 33.2 41.8 36.6 54.1 3.8

 1 ................................................................. 30.2 38.4 33.4 50.1 4.1

 2 or more .................................................... 2.9 3.4 3.2 3.9 11.8

Most-Used Freezer

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free .................................................. 10.5 11.0 10.4 12.3 7.6

 Manual ....................................................... 22.6 30.8 26.2 41.8 5.0

 Type of Freezer

 Upright ....................................................... 16.3 17.0 15.5 20.5 6.3

 Chest ....................................................... 16.9 24.8 21.1 33.6 4.8

 Age of Freezer

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 2.4 2.9 2.8 3.2 15.7

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 4.1 5.3 4.6 6.9 13.3

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 7.4 8.6 7.5 11.1 10.3

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 12.2 15.0 14.0 17.4 6.1

 20 Years or More ....................................... 6.6 9.2 7.2 14.0 11.2

 Don’t Know ................................................ 0.5 0.9 Q Q 33.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-10b. Appliances by Midwest Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

Midwest Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

East North Central West North Central

0.5 1.0 1.2 1.6

 Freezer Size

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ..................... 2.7 3.4 3.2 3.9 20.0

 Small (11-14 cf) ......................................... 6.6 9.8 8.8 12.2 10.2

 Medium (15-18 cf) ..................................... 13.3 16.1 13.2 23.0 7.7

 Large (19-22 cf) ......................................... 8.9 10.6 9.5 13.3 8.5

 Very Large (23 or More cf) ........................ 1.7 1.9 2.0 Q 22.8

Heaters (other) 

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................................ 3.9 3.1 3.5 Q 14.7

 Electric ....................................................... 2.6 2.0 2.2 Q 21.0

 Natural Gas ............................................... 1.1 Q Q Q 46.6

 LPG/Other ................................................. Q Q Q Q NF

 Portable Space ............................................ 13.9 14.2 13.7 15.4 8.2

 Electric ....................................................... 12.1 13.1 12.5 14.5 7.7

 Kerosene ................................................... 2.0 1.4 1.5 Q 22.0

 Swimming Pool ............................................ 1.1 Q Q Q 43.3

 Natural Gas ............................................... 0.7 Q Q Q 46.9

 Electric/LPG/Other .................................... 0.4 Q Q Q 52.2

 Waterbed Heaters ...................................... 8.3 11.2 11.9 9.7 11.4

 1 ................................................................ 6.8 9.4 10.0 8.1 12.7

 2 or More ................................................... 1.4 1.8 1.9 Q 18.8

 Waterbed Heaters

 Used All Year ............................................ 7.3 10.2 11.1 8.0 11.9

 1 .............................................................. 6.4 8.8 9.7 6.7 12.8

 2 or More ................................................ 1.0 1.4 1.3 Q 19.5

Oven ............................................................. 98.8 99.1 99.5 98.1 NF

 Electric ......................................................... 61.4 56.6 53.2 64.5 3.2

 Natural Gas ................................................. 33.3 38.0 43.3 25.5 5.6

 LPG ............................................................. 4.1 4.5 3.0 8.2 24.5

 Other ........................................................... Q Q Q Q NF

Self-Cleaning Oven ..................................... 44.1 45.1 43.2 49.5 3.7

 Continuous .................................................. 9.9 10.1 8.9 13.1 8.4

 Manual Start ................................................ 34.1 34.9 34.3 36.5 4.8

Pumps (Electric) .......................................... 19.8 20.6 22.6 15.9 10.3

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................................ 4.0 3.1 3.5 Q 14.4

 Swimming Pool ............................................ 5.4 2.9 3.3 Q 15.0

 Well Water ................................................... 14.1 17.6 19.6 13.1 13.6

Range ........................................................... 99.2 99.4 99.4 99.2 NF

 Electric ......................................................... 60.2 55.5 52.2 63.3 3.5

 Natural Gas ................................................. 34.7 39.3 44.2 27.7 5.8

 LPG ............................................................. 4.3 4.5 3.0 8.2 24.5

 Other ........................................................... Q Q Q Q NF

Refrigerators ............................................... 99.8 99.9 99.8 99.9 NF

 1 .................................................................. 84.7 81.8 82.9 79.2 1.5

 2 or More ..................................................... 15.2 18.1 16.9 20.7 6.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-10b. Appliances by Midwest Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

Midwest Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

East North Central West North Central

0.5 1.0 1.2 1.6

Most-Used Refrigerator

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free .................................................. 86.8 85.1 83.8 88.4 1.9

 Manual ....................................................... 13.1 14.7 16.1 11.5 10.9

 Type of Refrigerator

 2-Doors (top and bottom) .......................... 68.0 73.1 72.1 75.3 2.0

 2-Doors (side-by-side) ............................... 20.4 17.6 19.0 14.4 7.6

 Regular (single door) ................................. 10.7 8.5 8.0 9.5 11.3

 Half-Size/Other .......................................... 0.7 Q Q Q 32.0

 Age of Refrigerator

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 13.2 13.0 13.7 11.2 6.3

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 21.0 19.2 18.4 20.9 3.2

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 29.9 29.1 28.8 30.0 5.2

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 23.8 24.7 24.5 25.3 4.2

 20 Years or More ....................................... 7.0 8.0 8.2 7.6 11.1

 Don’t Know ................................................ 5.0 5.9 6.3 4.9 19.2

 Size of Refrigerator

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ..................... 0.9 0.9 Q Q 25.3

 Small (11-14 cf) ......................................... 7.6 6.5 6.6 6.3 9.3

 Medium (15-18 cf) ..................................... 45.0 47.0 46.0 49.2 3.5

 Large (19-22 cf) ......................................... 44.8 43.8 45.0 41.0 4.6

 Very Large (23 or More cf) ........................ 1.5 1.6 1.3 2.5 21.6

 Through-the-Door Ice/Water

 Service

 Yes ............................................................ 13.0 10.4 11.5 7.8 11.3

 No .............................................................. 87.0 89.6 88.5 92.2 1.3

Color Television Sets .................................. 98.7 99.0 99.2 98.5 NF

 1 .................................................................. 31.8 32.1 31.3 34.1 5.4

 2 .................................................................. 37.4 36.2 37.4 33.5 4.3

 3 .................................................................. 19.1 20.4 20.3 20.6 7.7

 4 .................................................................. 7.7 7.8 7.5 8.4 13.3

 5 or More ..................................................... 2.7 2.5 2.7 Q 19.0

Video Cassette Recorders (VCR’s) ............ 87.6 89.7 89.4 90.5 1.2

 1 .................................................................. 55.5 56.4 56.0 57.5 3.5

 2 .................................................................. 24.9 26.0 25.7 26.7 6.9

 3 or More ..................................................... 7.2 7.3 7.7 6.2 12.6

Water Heaters .............................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 NE

 Electric .......................................................... 39.1 26.5 24.0 32.4 8.1

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 37.3 24.8 21.7 32.0 8.4

 For Two or More Units ............................... 1.8 1.7 2.3 Q 26.0

 Natural Gas ................................................. 51.9 67.6 71.5 58.4 4.8

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 45.8 58.4 60.6 53.2 5.6

 For Two or More Units ............................... 6.1 9.2 10.9 5.2 12.3

 Fuel Oil ........................................................ 5.1 Q Q Q 16.4

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 3.1 Q Q Q 20.5

 For Two or More Units ............................... 2.0 Q Q Q 21.3

 LPG ............................................................ 3.2 4.8 3.5 7.9 18.3

 Other ........................................................... 0.7 Q Q Q 42.4

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 Q Q Q 65.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-10b. Appliances by Midwest Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

Midwest Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

East North Central West North Central

0.5 1.0 1.2 1.6

Water Heater (for one housing unit) .......... 89.7 88.5 86.3 93.5 1.8

 Age

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 11.1 11.1 10.9 11.6 9.6

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 16.8 16.3 15.3 18.6 6.4

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 25.0 23.3 22.6 25.2 5.2

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 19.9 22.5 21.5 24.8 4.5

 20 Years or More ....................................... 7.0 6.7 6.3 7.7 11.0

 Don’t Know ................................................ 7.0 7.6 8.6 5.2 13.4

 No Separate Heater .................................. 2.9 Q Q Q 23.0

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 Q Q Q 65.2

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ..................................... 10.1 11.5 13.7 6.5 10.6

 Size

 Small ......................................................... 15.3 14.3 13.8 15.5 7.6

 Medium ...................................................... 46.4 50.6 50.4 51.1 3.4

 Large ......................................................... 21.3 18.8 18.2 20.2 7.6

 Don’t Know ................................................ 3.7 3.8 2.8 6.3 21.2

 No Separate Heater .................................. 2.9 Q Q Q 23.0

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 Q Q Q 65.2

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ..................................... 10.1 11.5 13.7 6.5 10.6

Other Appliances

 Heated Aquarium ........................................ 3.8 4.0 3.6 5.0 18.6

 Microwave Oven .......................................... 83.0 86.9 85.0 91.4 1.5

 Outdoor Gas Light2 ..................................... 0.7 1.1 Q Q 35.4

 Rechargeable Tools/

 or Appliances ............................................. 43.7 46.5 46.3 46.9 3.5

 Stereo Equipment ........................................ 68.8 67.0 66.5 68.0 2.3

1 The number of households, where the end use is electric air-conditioning, does not include households that did not use their equipment (0.9 million). It does

include the small number of households where the fuel for central air-conditioning equipment was something other than electricity; those households were treated as

if the fuel was electricity. 2 Includes 642,000 households using room/wall air-conditioners in addition to central air-conditioning. These are excluded from the count of 25.2 million

households using only room air-conditioners.

cf = Cubic feet.

NE = RSE row factor not estimated because RSE’s for all statistics in this row are between 0.0 and 1.0 percent.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.
Table HC5-11b. Appliances by South Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

South Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

South Atlantic East South Central West South Central

0.5 0.8 1.2 1.4 1.4

Total .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Households With Electric

Air-Conditioning Equipment ...................... 72.5 93.0 92.6 94.3 92.8 1.6

 Central Equipment Not Used ....................... 0.3 Q Q Q Q 39.2

 Room Air Conditioners Not Used ................ 0.7 Q Q Q Q 33.9

Households Using Electric

Air-Conditioning1 ........................................ 71.6 92.5 92.0 94.3 92.5 1.6

Type of Electric Air-Conditioning Used

 Central Air-Conditioning2 ............................ 46.8 69.4 71.2 66.3 68.1 3.2

 Without a Heat Pump ................................ 36.4 45.6 37.8 45.3 59.4 6.4

 With a Heat Pump ..................................... 10.4 23.7 33.4 21.0 8.7 12.1

 Room Air-Conditioning ................................ 24.8 23.2 20.8 28.1 24.4 6.7

 1 Unit ......................................................... 14.7 11.8 12.1 13.7 10.1 8.2

 2 Units ....................................................... 7.1 7.3 5.8 9.3 8.9 13.2

 3 or More Units .......................................... 3.0 4.1 2.9 5.0 5.5 20.0

Clothes Washer ........................................... 77.4 82.0 83.4 86.3 76.9 2.1

Clothes Dryer ............................................... 71.2 74.2 72.9 81.0 72.5 2.5

 Electric ......................................................... 55.1 66.4 67.8 75.6 58.7 3.4

 Natural Gas ................................................. 15.2 7.2 4.5 Q 13.5 12.0

 LPG ............................................................. 0.8 0.5 Q Q Q 35.3

Dishwasher .................................................. 50.2 51.5 53.5 42.3 53.4 4.0

Ceiling Fans ................................................. 60.1 71.2 67.9 73.3 75.7 2.6

 1 .................................................................. 23.3 18.9 19.9 22.3 15.0 6.7

 2 .................................................................. 13.8 16.0 15.8 14.1 17.4 7.8

 3 or more ..................................................... 23.0 36.3 32.1 36.9 43.2 4.2

Freezer ......................................................... 33.2 36.9 35.1 41.4 37.2 4.0

 1 ................................................................. 30.2 33.1 32.3 35.9 32.7 4.7

 2 or more .................................................... 2.9 3.8 2.8 5.4 4.5 12.7

Most-Used Freezer

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free .................................................. 10.5 13.1 13.5 13.9 12.0 6.5

 Manual ....................................................... 22.6 23.7 21.6 27.4 25.2 5.6

 Type of Freezer

 Upright ....................................................... 16.3 16.8 17.6 16.4 15.8 6.8

 Chest ....................................................... 16.9 20.0 17.6 24.9 21.4 6.9

 Age of Freezer

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 2.4 2.8 2.7 2.8 3.2 19.2

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 4.1 5.1 5.1 6.4 4.2 17.1

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 7.4 8.5 8.2 8.2 9.2 10.1

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 12.2 14.0 12.6 16.9 14.6 7.7

 20 Years or More ....................................... 6.6 5.9 5.9 6.7 5.6 13.3

 Don’t Know ................................................ 0.5 0.5 Q Q Q 33.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-11b. Appliances by South Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

South Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

South Atlantic East South Central West South Central

0.5 0.8 1.2 1.4 1.4

 Freezer Size

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ..................... 2.7 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.5 18.3

 Small (11-14 cf) ......................................... 6.6 7.0 7.0 7.4 6.8 12.2

 Medium (15-18 cf) ..................................... 13.3 15.9 14.5 19.1 16.5 7.8

 Large (19-22 cf) ......................................... 8.9 10.2 10.2 11.5 9.3 11.6

 Very Large (23 or More cf) ........................ 1.7 1.4 1.1 Q 2.1 25.2

Heaters (other) 

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................................ 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.0 3.6 21.9

 Electric ....................................................... 2.6 2.5 2.4 3.1 2.5 20.9

 Natural Gas ............................................... 1.1 Q Q Q Q 49.0

 LPG/Other ................................................. Q Q Q Q Q NF

 Portable Space ............................................ 13.9 16.0 16.2 18.7 14.0 8.6

 Electric ....................................................... 12.1 13.0 12.2 14.7 13.6 10.5

 Kerosene ................................................... 2.0 3.4 4.3 5.2 Q 15.2

 Swimming Pool ............................................ 1.1 1.4 Q Q Q 48.6

 Natural Gas ............................................... 0.7 1.0 Q Q Q 49.6

 Electric/LPG/Other .................................... 0.4 Q Q Q Q 54.9

 Waterbed Heaters ...................................... 8.3 8.2 7.2 10.7 8.4 11.2

 1 ................................................................ 6.8 6.7 5.7 9.8 6.5 12.4

 2 or More ................................................... 1.4 1.5 1.5 Q Q 20.8

 Waterbed Heaters

 Used All Year ............................................ 7.3 6.9 6.2 8.7 7.0 11.9

 1 .............................................................. 6.4 6.2 5.8 8.1 6.0 13.2

 2 or More ................................................ 1.0 0.7 Q Q Q 23.3

Oven ............................................................. 98.8 98.7 98.6 98.5 98.9 NF

 Electric ......................................................... 61.4 72.1 78.8 75.0 58.7 3.7

 Natural Gas ................................................. 33.3 22.1 15.7 15.9 36.8 10.7

 LPG ............................................................. 4.1 4.4 4.0 7.3 3.5 20.5

 Other ........................................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

Self-Cleaning Oven ..................................... 44.1 41.8 43.4 41.5 39.1 4.5

 Continuous .................................................. 9.9 11.0 10.0 12.6 11.8 10.6

 Manual Start ................................................ 34.1 30.8 33.5 29.0 27.3 5.9

Pumps (Electric) .......................................... 19.8 19.3 25.8 16.7 9.7 8.8

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................................ 4.0 4.0 4.2 4.0 3.6 21.8

 Swimming Pool ............................................ 5.4 6.6 8.6 4.7 4.4 13.3

 Well Water ................................................... 14.1 13.7 20.5 10.6 3.7 18.1

Range ........................................................... 99.2 99.1 98.9 99.1 99.3 NF

 Electric ......................................................... 60.2 70.9 78.5 75.3 55.4 3.7

 Natural Gas ................................................. 34.7 23.6 16.3 16.3 40.3 10.0

 LPG ............................................................. 4.3 4.5 4.1 7.3 3.6 20.4

 Other ........................................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF

Refrigerators ............................................... 99.8 99.9 100.0 99.9 99.9 NF

 1 .................................................................. 84.7 86.8 87.5 84.8 86.7 1.2

 2 or More ..................................................... 15.2 13.1 12.5 15.1 13.2 7.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-11b. Appliances by South Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

South Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

South Atlantic East South Central West South Central

0.5 0.8 1.2 1.4 1.4

Most-Used Refrigerator

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free .................................................. 86.8 90.0 89.6 90.7 90.3 1.0

 Manual ....................................................... 13.1 9.9 10.3 9.2 9.6 8.0

 Type of Refrigerator

 2-Doors (top and bottom) .......................... 68.0 65.6 64.8 67.4 65.9 3.0

 2-Doors (side-by-side) ............................... 20.4 22.2 21.0 21.5 24.8 7.6

 Regular (single door) ................................. 10.7 11.4 13.5 10.5 8.3 13.0

 Half-Size/Other .......................................... 0.7 0.6 Q Q Q 36.7

 Age of Refrigerator

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 13.2 13.3 13.2 11.1 14.7 7.1

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 21.0 24.0 23.5 24.6 24.7 5.3

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 29.9 29.5 29.2 31.4 29.0 4.7

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 23.8 22.6 23.6 21.6 21.5 6.2

 20 Years or More ....................................... 7.0 6.1 5.4 7.2 6.7 7.9

 Don’t Know ................................................ 5.0 4.4 5.1 3.9 3.4 16.6

 Size of Refrigerator

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ..................... 0.9 0.6 Q Q Q 32.2

 Small (11-14 cf) ......................................... 7.6 7.1 7.7 4.9 7.2 11.7

 Medium (15-18 cf) ..................................... 45.0 45.1 46.9 45.1 42.1 3.2

 Large (19-22 cf) ......................................... 44.8 45.9 44.1 47.4 48.0 3.4

 Very Large (23 or More cf) ........................ 1.5 1.2 Q Q 1.9 18.3

 Through-the-Door Ice/Water

 Service

 Yes ............................................................ 13.0 16.3 15.4 15.9 18.3 8.0

 No .............................................................. 87.0 83.7 84.6 84.1 81.7 1.5

Color Television Sets .................................. 98.7 98.7 98.8 99.6 98.0 NF

 1 .................................................................. 31.8 29.1 27.8 31.4 30.1 4.5

 2 .................................................................. 37.4 38.9 38.3 40.1 39.4 3.8

 3 .................................................................. 19.1 18.4 19.6 16.7 17.4 5.8

 4 .................................................................. 7.7 8.9 9.9 7.7 7.9 10.1

 5 or More ..................................................... 2.7 3.4 3.3 3.6 3.2 16.0

Video Cassette Recorders (VCR’s) ............ 87.6 86.0 85.9 86.0 86.1 1.4

 1 .................................................................. 55.5 52.8 52.2 55.5 52.2 3.0

 2 .................................................................. 24.9 25.8 26.5 23.9 25.8 7.0

 3 or More ..................................................... 7.2 7.4 7.3 6.6 8.1 12.8

Water Heaters .............................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 NE

 Electric .......................................................... 39.1 58.3 68.6 65.7 36.4 6.1

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 37.3 56.5 67.4 64.8 32.9 6.5

 For Two or More Units ............................... 1.8 1.8 1.2 Q 3.4 21.8

 Natural Gas ................................................. 51.9 37.3 26.5 29.6 60.5 8.1

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 45.8 35.9 25.1 28.2 58.8 8.2

 For Two or More Units ............................... 6.1 1.5 1.4 Q Q 25.0

 Fuel Oil ........................................................ 5.1 Q Q Q Q 17.2

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 3.1 Q Q Q Q 21.5

 For Two or More Units ............................... 2.0 Q Q Q Q 22.4

 LPG ............................................................ 3.2 3.1 2.7 4.7 3.0 19.0

 Other ........................................................... 0.7 Q Q Q Q 44.6

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 Q Q Q Q 68.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-11b. Appliances by South Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

South Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

South Atlantic East South Central West South Central

0.5 0.8 1.2 1.4 1.4

Water Heater (for one housing unit) .......... 89.7 96.5 97.1 97.7 94.8 1.0

 Age

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 11.1 11.7 12.0 13.7 9.9 7.8

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 16.8 19.3 16.8 19.3 23.5 7.5

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 25.0 28.7 30.7 25.4 27.2 5.5

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 19.9 20.9 20.5 22.7 20.5 6.0

 20 Years or More ....................................... 7.0 6.6 6.0 9.1 6.0 11.9

 Don’t Know ................................................ 7.0 8.3 9.6 6.7 6.9 11.4

 No Separate Heater .................................. 2.9 1.1 1.4 Q Q 29.6

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 Q Q Q Q 68.6

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ..................................... 10.1 3.3 2.6 Q 5.1 19.8

 Size

 Small ......................................................... 15.3 19.7 19.2 19.8 20.3 8.5

 Medium ...................................................... 46.4 50.1 49.4 47.7 52.6 3.7

 Large ......................................................... 21.3 22.1 22.9 26.7 18.1 9.2

 Don’t Know ................................................ 3.7 3.5 4.1 Q 3.0 24.8

 No Separate Heater .................................. 2.9 1.1 1.4 Q Q 29.6

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 Q Q Q Q 68.6

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ..................................... 10.1 3.3 2.6 Q 5.1 19.8

Other Appliances

 Heated Aquarium ........................................ 3.8 3.4 3.8 4.3 2.3 12.3

 Microwave Oven .......................................... 83.0 82.4 83.7 79.3 82.0 2.8

 Outdoor Gas Light2 ..................................... 0.7 0.7 Q Q Q 33.9

 Rechargeable Tools/

 or Appliances ............................................. 43.7 41.8 41.4 42.9 41.8 3.5

 Stereo Equipment ........................................ 68.8 67.8 69.0 63.9 67.9 1.5

1 The number of households, where the end use is electric air-conditioning, does not include households that did not use their equipment (0.9 million). It does include

the small number of households where the fuel for central air-conditioning equipment was something other than electricity; those households were treated as if the fuel

was electricity. 2 Includes 642,000 households using room/wall air-conditioners in addition to central air-conditioning. These are excluded from the count of 25.2 million households

using only room air-conditioners.

cf = Cubic feet.

NE = RSE row factor not estimated because RSE’s for all statistics in this row are between 0.0 and 1.0 percent.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.
Table HC5-12b. Appliances by West Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

West Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

Mountain Pacific

0.5 1.0 1.6 1.3

Total .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.0

Households With Electric

Air-Conditioning Equipment ...................... 72.5 40.9 48.7 37.8 6.9

 Central Equipment Not Used ....................... 0.3 0.7 Q Q 35.7

 Room Air Conditioners Not Used ................ 0.7 Q Q Q 35.8

Households Using Electric

Air-Conditioning1 ........................................ 71.6 39.7 47.6 36.5 6.9

Type of Electric Air-Conditioning Used

 Central Air-Conditioning2 ............................ 46.8 26.9 34.0 24.1 7.9

 Without a Heat Pump ................................ 36.4 21.7 26.0 19.9 10.6

 With a Heat Pump ..................................... 10.4 5.3 8.0 4.2 13.1

 Room Air-Conditioning ................................ 24.8 12.8 13.6 12.4 11.3

 1 Unit ......................................................... 14.7 10.5 10.5 10.5 12.7

 2 Units ....................................................... 7.1 1.9 2.5 1.6 15.4

 3 or More Units .......................................... 3.0 Q Q Q 23.1

Clothes Washer ........................................... 77.4 69.5 76.5 66.8 3.4

Clothes Dryer ............................................... 71.2 65.1 70.1 63.2 3.9

 Electric ......................................................... 55.1 48.2 61.0 43.1 4.5

 Natural Gas ................................................. 15.2 16.5 8.4 19.7 9.4

 LPG ............................................................. 0.8 Q Q Q 31.7

Dishwasher .................................................. 50.2 53.1 57.2 51.5 4.5

Ceiling Fans ................................................. 60.1 46.0 61.0 40.1 4.0

 1 .................................................................. 23.3 24.4 31.9 21.4 7.4

 2 .................................................................. 13.8 9.6 9.9 9.4 8.5

 3 or more ..................................................... 23.0 12.0 19.2 9.2 10.1

Freezer ......................................................... 33.2 24.2 33.8 20.5 5.5

 1 ................................................................. 30.2 22.1 30.1 18.9 5.3

 2 or more .................................................... 2.9 2.2 3.7 1.6 19.1

Most-Used Freezer

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free .................................................. 10.5 8.5 12.4 7.0 10.1

 Manual ....................................................... 22.6 15.7 21.4 13.5 6.9

 Type of Freezer

 Upright ....................................................... 16.3 16.8 19.3 15.8 6.1

 Chest ....................................................... 16.9 7.5 14.5 4.7 10.9

 Age of Freezer

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 2.4 1.2 2.1 0.8 24.8

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 4.1 2.7 4.4 1.9 17.2

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 7.4 6.3 9.1 5.2 11.5

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 12.2 8.2 10.8 7.1 9.1

 20 Years or More ....................................... 6.6 5.7 6.6 5.3 15.3

 Don’t Know ................................................ 0.5 Q Q Q 38.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-12b. Appliances by West Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

West Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

Mountain Pacific

0.5 1.0 1.6 1.3

 Freezer Size

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ..................... 2.7 2.1 3.2 1.7 17.7

 Small (11-14 cf) ......................................... 6.6 3.6 5.2 3.0 13.0

 Medium (15-18 cf) ..................................... 13.3 9.7 12.9 8.4 9.3

 Large (19-22 cf) ......................................... 8.9 6.9 10.4 5.5 12.8

 Very Large (23 or More cf) ........................ 1.7 2.0 Q 1.9 15.4

Heaters (other) 

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................................ 3.9 5.8 4.6 6.3 11.5

 Electric ....................................................... 2.6 3.7 3.5 3.8 12.3

 Natural Gas ............................................... 1.1 1.9 Q 2.3 24.3

 LPG/Other ................................................. Q Q Q Q NF

 Portable Space ............................................ 13.9 11.2 11.7 11.1 9.1

 Electric ....................................................... 12.1 10.7 10.7 10.8 9.9

 Kerosene ................................................... 2.0 Q Q Q 20.2

 Swimming Pool ............................................ 1.1 1.3 Q 1.6 34.8

 Natural Gas ............................................... 0.7 0.9 Q 1.2 40.2

 Electric/LPG/Other .................................... 0.4 Q Q Q 58.0

 Waterbed Heaters ...................................... 8.3 7.1 14.0 4.3 16.1

 1 ................................................................ 6.8 5.5 11.1 3.3 18.9

 2 or More ................................................... 1.4 1.5 2.9 1.0 19.7

 Waterbed Heaters

 Used All Year ............................................ 7.3 6.5 12.4 4.2 15.9

 1 .............................................................. 6.4 5.2 10.1 3.2 19.4

 2 or More ................................................ 1.0 1.4 2.2 1.0 17.3

Oven ............................................................. 98.8 98.1 98.6 98.0 NF

 Electric ......................................................... 61.4 60.2 70.2 56.2 3.3

 Natural Gas ................................................. 33.3 35.7 25.4 39.8 6.2

 LPG ............................................................. 4.1 2.3 3.0 1.9 20.3

 Other ........................................................... Q Q Q Q NF

Self-Cleaning Oven ..................................... 44.1 42.7 47.2 40.9 4.4

 Continuous .................................................. 9.9 8.3 5.8 9.2 11.7

 Manual Start ................................................ 34.1 34.4 41.4 31.7 4.4

Pumps (Electric) .......................................... 19.8 14.2 18.1 12.7 11.0

 Hot Tub or Spa ............................................ 4.0 5.8 4.6 6.3 11.4

 Swimming Pool ............................................ 5.4 4.1 5.8 3.4 15.1

 Well Water ................................................... 14.1 6.7 10.2 5.3 18.9

Range ........................................................... 99.2 98.8 98.8 98.8 NF

 Electric ......................................................... 60.2 58.4 70.3 53.6 3.4

 Natural Gas ................................................. 34.7 37.8 25.2 42.7 6.2

 LPG ............................................................. 4.3 2.7 3.2 2.4 22.5

 Other ........................................................... Q Q Q Q NF

Refrigerators ............................................... 99.8 99.7 99.7 99.7 NF

 1 .................................................................. 84.7 84.5 86.3 83.8 1.3

 2 or More ..................................................... 15.2 15.1 13.4 15.8 7.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-12b. Appliances by West Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

West Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

Mountain Pacific

0.5 1.0 1.6 1.3

Most-Used Refrigerator

 Defrost Method

 Frost-Free .................................................. 86.8 84.7 86.7 83.9 1.4

 Manual ....................................................... 13.1 15.0 13.0 15.8 8.4

 Type of Refrigerator

 2-Doors (top and bottom) .......................... 68.0 60.6 66.5 58.2 3.3

 2-Doors (side-by-side) ............................... 20.4 25.2 21.5 26.7 7.6

 Regular (single door) ................................. 10.7 12.7 10.5 13.6 12.2

 Half-Size/Other .......................................... 0.7 1.1 Q 1.2 28.6

 Age of Refrigerator

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 13.2 14.2 14.8 13.9 6.7

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 21.0 18.2 17.5 18.5 5.9

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 29.9 32.1 29.4 33.1 5.3

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 23.8 24.5 25.2 24.2 3.7

 20 Years or More ....................................... 7.0 6.6 7.2 6.3 12.2

 Don’t Know ................................................ 5.0 4.2 5.6 3.7 18.2

 Size of Refrigerator

 Very Small (Less than 11 cf) ..................... 0.9 0.9 Q 1.1 29.1

 Small (11-14 cf) ......................................... 7.6 8.9 6.5 9.9 8.8

 Medium (15-18 cf) ..................................... 45.0 39.2 41.9 38.2 4.3

 Large (19-22 cf) ......................................... 44.8 48.9 49.1 48.8 4.1

 Very Large (23 or More cf) ........................ 1.5 1.7 Q 1.7 21.8

 Through-the-Door Ice/Water

 Service

 Yes ............................................................ 13.0 14.4 11.3 15.7 8.3

 No .............................................................. 87.0 85.6 88.7 84.3 1.8

Color Television Sets .................................. 98.7 98.2 99.3 97.8 NF

 1 .................................................................. 31.8 36.0 35.1 36.4 4.4

 2 .................................................................. 37.4 37.3 37.5 37.2 3.3

 3 .................................................................. 19.1 17.3 16.4 17.6 5.6

 4 .................................................................. 7.7 5.5 6.8 5.0 11.3

 5 or More ..................................................... 2.7 2.2 3.6 1.6 17.2

Video Cassette Recorders (VCR’s) ............ 87.6 89.0 89.2 89.0 0.9

 1 .................................................................. 55.5 57.3 55.9 57.8 2.9

 2 .................................................................. 24.9 25.1 24.8 25.2 6.2

 3 or More ..................................................... 7.2 6.7 8.5 6.0 10.2

Water Heaters .............................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 NE

 Electric .......................................................... 39.1 33.0 34.5 32.5 6.3

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 37.3 31.2 32.6 30.6 5.9

 For Two or More Units ............................... 1.8 1.9 Q 1.9 26.7

 Natural Gas ................................................. 51.9 63.5 61.7 64.2 3.4

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 45.8 55.0 54.4 55.2 4.6

 For Two or More Units ............................... 6.1 8.5 7.2 9.0 17.6

 Fuel Oil ........................................................ 5.1 Q Q Q 18.2

 For One Housing Unit ................................ 3.1 Q Q Q 22.8

 For Two or More Units ............................... 2.0 Q Q Q 23.7

 LPG ............................................................ 3.2 2.4 Q 2.3 20.0

 Other ........................................................... 0.7 0.8 Q Q 38.7

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 Q Q Q 72.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table HC5-12b. Appliances by West Census Region, 

 Percent of U.S. Households, 1997 (Continued)

Appliance Types

and Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

U.S.

West Census Region

RSE

Row

Factors

Total

Census Division

Mountain Pacific

0.5 1.0 1.6 1.3

Water Heater (for one housing unit) .......... 89.7 89.1 90.5 88.6 1.8

 Age

 Less than 2 Years ..................................... 11.1 11.1 15.8 9.2 11.5

 2 to 4 Years ............................................... 16.8 14.7 17.7 13.5 6.3

 5 to 9 Years ............................................... 25.0 24.2 22.9 24.7 6.4

 10 to 19 Years ........................................... 19.9 20.6 21.2 20.4 8.9

 20 Years or More ....................................... 7.0 8.8 5.6 10.1 11.2

 Don’t Know ................................................ 7.0 6.8 6.3 7.0 12.5

 No Separate Heater .................................. 2.9 2.8 Q 3.6 30.8

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 Q Q Q 72.4

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ..................................... 10.1 10.6 9.1 11.2 15.3

 Size

 Small ......................................................... 15.3 13.0 16.0 11.8 8.4

 Medium ...................................................... 46.4 41.4 43.9 40.3 4.1

 Large ......................................................... 21.3 28.1 25.4 29.2 7.1

 Don’t Know ................................................ 3.7 3.8 4.2 3.6 18.0

 No Separate Heater .................................. 2.9 2.8 Q 3.6 30.8

 No Water Heater ......................................... 0.2 Q Q Q 72.4

 Water Heaters for

 Two or More Units ..................................... 10.1 10.6 9.1 11.2 15.3

Other Appliances

 Heated Aquarium ........................................ 3.8 4.7 4.1 5.0 13.5

 Microwave Oven .......................................... 83.0 83.3 84.2 83.0 1.5

 Outdoor Gas Light2 ..................................... 0.7 Q Q Q 39.6

 Rechargeable Tools/

 or Appliances ............................................. 43.7 44.4 46.6 43.6 4.2

 Stereo Equipment ........................................ 68.8 74.4 73.7 74.6 1.6

1 The number of households, where the end use is electric air-conditioning, does not include households that did not use their equipment (0.9 million). It does

include the small number of households where the fuel for central air-conditioning equipment was something other than electricity; those households were treated as

if the fuel was electricity. 2 Includes 642,000 households using room/wall air-conditioners in addition to central air-conditioning. These are excluded from the count of 25.2 million

households using only room air-conditioners.

cf = Cubic feet.

NE = RSE row factor not estimated because RSE’s for all statistics in this row are between 0.0 and 1.0 percent.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. 

• Percentages are calculated on unrounded numbers. • See "Glossary" for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Forms EIA-457 A, B, C of the 1997 Residential Energy Consumption Survey.