6!38 

OFFICE OF THE A-ITORNEY GENERAL OF TEXAS 

AUSTIN 

Rcoomble CO iI* Csmeee 

fitrte Auditor 

Austin, 11, TeXee 

Bet Wbotba or net 

the fhmeral M6nsgesr 

tow or 6n7 at the 

~167 legall 8 

tee* or ammm 

employeea boo8 

r8 hare re-ntnmbecsdt 

eraI mmaager 

6m emplo7eem 

mmunts o? 

nueb pe~eau 

tot 8lle+Lng 

nerptlre On que8tiaa Be. 

employees who hate boon 

ees st $%bOO per emspe be 

e pr.i.6~~1 pernkmnell who oam 10&8117 db 

to be a •tru~tym &WY tor what perled 

Fleers alto governing etatutem.) 

'4. Can conriots leEally drive aver the hi@mqs 

ot Texan in prl non omed motor ~ahlal aa, vi th OF Without a ward or other prison employee beina preeent? 

.s. Can such conricte lemlly ohtnln a drlrer'r 

or chaufieur's Ifconae to drive prison nwnad or other 

motor rehiclen over Ptate Hlghwayst 
633 

Bonorahle C. 4. Cawtesn - page 4 

"4. Wet effeat does this praotioe ot allowing 

priumers to drire prison owned motor rehioles hare 

cm the prison fnemranoe aorerago, oorering publie 

llablllty autl property damages? (Mosae alto statates, if any). 

'7. What lagal rights aw allowed~snah prison 

emplo7ees and peace of'fiaers in pnraulng sn eaeap$nK 

aenriat a5 to entering priratel~ mod 

holldlng:n, 6to.t (Fleaae aibe statatan pfapert7' 

fmbnequent to re6eipt at 7aar inquir7 we requested trrrthsr lntonnation relating to the first two quest*onm, and goa reFlied as tollowsr 

l X r eo eited a letter tblr mo r ninvhioh g indioatem that there are no Written oontraots or agree- 

~menta between the glple7ees of the Prlaan efstgl 

snd the Beaerul Maaager 0~ PriaOn Board eoaaecainp: 

the oolleetioa of aa 8motmtm of mO#tOy boOmme 8~17 

BUOh 8mplo7eo ma7 hare beea respanaible iOr allowhg a aonriat to emape~ Be are told that it IS 

simpl7 a praotioe that ha 8 beeu hmded down throu&h 

the 7tara 8nd tbat there are ~lb dfwot indloatlonm 

am to whether it is UI ‘admini6trat~Te peli~’ oxaapt that it is a verbally handlad matter, aad that 

a11 Primm employees sneb.as gaard~~ farm naaagarsr 

etoer are told at the aondition on bein& hIted 8nd 

thet thef al? alearly mdarrtand tbat they are wbjeot tn the l asermsat of nob amOunt Ot Waay* 

The moma is oolleetad dlreatlr tram tbs amplayeem 

most re~pomslbl e for the emo8p’kvl( of tbe eefavlet, 

and trmkl7 wo are ansble t.a detem%ne just whore 

the nutharlt7 for thlcl ariaee.~ 

we shall ansrer your qunetLms in the order ahore 

stated. 

1. seation 10 of Artlale XVX of the Cnnmtltutlm 
. 

Emorab:e C. ll. Cwnesn - page 3 

*The Legislature shall protIde for deduotfons 

from the salaries at pub110 otiiaern @ho may negloot the porformanoe OP an7 duty that xay be asmimed them by 1 SW.' 

There are no statntee authoriling tho Board of 

RIman Comls&merr or the Beneml Yana~er ot the Rim byetein to lmpc6e tine0 or pecuniary assesnment~ anon emplo7eos at 

the Prl@n 8ymtm who am7 negY eat the perforaanoe ot their dutien msslgned them by '1EW. On the oonfrary, PO reapeats the 

amnosed aasemmentcl involved in 7er0er qtl65ticn 1, the Ceglmlature has enaoted Artiele 318 at the Penal Code, QrWidings 

aAny omeer, jailer, or guard who has the 

lernl au6todf of an7 pereen aooa66d Or COnvi6f+ 

ed nt a felCn7 not ORpitS rho ~I.lfull~ pOWit 

snob person to osoqe or to be remcued shal’t be 

confined in the penitentiary not less than two 

nor more than fire yeaw-’ 

Again, in ArtSale 321 nf the Penal Code 1 t 15 prcrldedr 

‘Any aitiaorl jailer or guard who ha5 tbe 

leeal eustady ot a peraonaeeuned or amricted 

or a felon7 not capitsl who ne~ligenttl~ pewits 

6uch person to eeaape or be remeued mhall be 

fined not exoeeding one thoueand dallsrs.’ 

Wnoe the T:eaislkture ban thus speaieiOal~7 dealt with 

the nroo<re arttar of csoape~ through WilliulnOms or negli@rtoe 

of the atticer or ward having him in austody, the wthod there 

woscrthed hy neeaerary impl~oation exo~udee any other method of 

ar-enwent of venalties or Pinem tn dcalinc with esoapema 

In our opinion, the stated praatioe nf the nO6rd is in 

tbo n8ture OF a penal t7 , end is beyond the author1 ty of the Board. 
2~orQblo C. n. Cownasn - p8ge 4 

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a. Xt It should h4 th8t the dedrlotlowa or smee~- 

rcnto, wch ao yen wntionr hare hsea aalaWu7l~ made hy the 

Dosrd, or itr offlaerr, they are unlaWul and beyoud tbo autharity of thc4 n08ld, ~0 answered In the preoadfns qoertian. Tha 

quertlnn of’ whether or not the mployes ~mvl thum wtiertug 

the dcduatiou er 9#1yin~ the armemammt 1~87 ~QNIOOIOP the ramcl, 

md if EO, tm WIOUI and how, yrb8pa should not 80 ans~~od 

by us, minO0 it pert8ins t0 the petm8~ ragbt Oi the party 

rgpriarod, 8nd i8 not therefore one 6s to whiah we sheold rdrise. Xa 8ny went, the qua&ion of raeovory would depond in 

uow wsmwe pWh8pa up011 mhsthrr th0 de&mtion or a6to81 p8p 

mmt, other thnn b;r deductinns, warn ratmtarll~ p8id, and 

therefore not reaorerrbY0 UpQa the prtnoiple af TollmtarJ p8ymmt, @11le on tho other hand* rhetbw or mot tks ir9andlag 

d8nper to the gu8rd of 10s~ af emplo7wnt by dlrehrrge natlld 

ormrtitute IemtY dm'ers* 90 emmot rutsly ntato l rule sppl f - 

akble alibo to al? a88srr for OOob mob individual kit.U8tim 

depends upan it8 OUB pWJUli8r faetm. 

3. Only t.he nO81-d Of Ri80a ~WEB~~~~OYISI~~ bar 8UthorItJ t0 l p~eint tmetiOU’ Sub feahorarorr t, fin QSOOS o t o x tr e!w 

amorgemey, to the riglIt of 8~17 tmn~ auroger to iill 8 r8t8noy In 

any position theretofore held 87 n trusty for a lmgth at tins 

not to ex00od ten d8yIIe (Art. sit?db). Yoa rlll find th8t tbia 

matter ie fully ram?ated %a Artiolos 01840 ta al!34j af Vernon’s 

Cndltlaatien nt the Rcrlsed CiTil Btitut... 

Art1018 61848 iartbsr plnoss ~fmit8tlmr upon trustie@ bolnc at lrrre or nti tbb priaon property. 

Q. mhjoet to rhnt 00 h8vo wld in*aC?#i8tOly abare 

rith rorpeat t0 pdmm0Ps, we 8nuwer Qtmstion l5 th8t Oonrlata 

?af IeijR111J crhtain * driver’s or 0h8tltfOUr'S 1isanae ta drlro 

prinan-omeQc or nt.ber wtor rehlaler4, nr0r t.ha St8t4'n hiahrflv3. ?:eatiarr 2 O? brtlala MMYb (Vernon’ II Cod. of the HOT. 

Stat.) 1~ wbdi~irf0n (8) pKWidem that: 

l yn person, oXCopt those hOrsin8ft9r hsFeUt81- 

1 J cswntad, afiell drive cm? motor rehial D unon Q 
umbr8ble C. n. Cnvna8m - P8ee 6 

hi&w8T in t.hir Rt~to Ml088 mah pernen hrr 8 

r~lid lican8s 8a 8n opcrrter, 8 commsroik? oparnter, or 8 elmuftemr under the pro~i l ion8 af this 

Aat-. 

60081on 4, bf neeeeearv ispli08tlfm. ntatcrs rho arc 

ant1 bled to 8 lioense br upaa*fia~ll~ namfng thneu to who711 a 

ri(d,t t0 8 1iOUlW iU fOt'biddOll. Near? In thi. 8eation de 

we find aythlng prohlEStinq the iusuin~ of 8 liasnme ta a eontlat. Of eo Ur 8Or l OOWiOt who ir laeli~blo to rreeira 8 Ifaenro wuld for that reawn be denied 0110. 

ft. Your qnestioa is very fwnernlr hut we thin& lt 

in am~uerod in the dealsion nf Tor8m Prinoa Beard at 81 v. Cabean, MS S. B. (2) !W3, writ of error rsfum3de It ir tlJor8 

held; 

‘It in our am~olusioa thatbl the cn8otmwt 

CC Article iW3UslO the Legisl8tare did not wire 

the immxait~ of the Stat0 of Tex8~ from 1 iability 

fnr torta aosritted by the aoarioCn la the panitCIlti8v. l l l . %'bO 18&Im8- Ot the 8PtiOfO 

doea net Om8te a li8bility 8ralnrt .the State 

8nd it* ~p~OYOemr rlM power in the %x811 Pri8- 

on Syatfm to proteat it8 waloyaas from mwh li8- 

billty, hut the inaurenoe ir, for protection 

aa8innt m e~intln~ li8bility. * 4 e- There boins no li8bility hut tar thin 8rff~U!O, and tbia 

art9ala not hnwinfi ore8tad 8 fi8bilityI then it 

68nnOt afford 8Pv11aa FOliO?.s 

Sine0 Artlale BUIQ810 rutbfir*aem lnswwnae for-'tbo 

prOtOOtibn Of “OffiOoro and 031p~O~0am’ Of the 7eX8B mi1101! 

srda tra llahlllt~ to thtrd personn 8rt8lnC; out et the UM 

and operr.tlc?n nt aatomohllesr motor traokn, and nther motor 

rchiclaa nred by tho 7~88 Prfeon fqatem, and not tbereforo 

tnr the honelit nt y-iunnsrm tlririna aeh teblolew, Wo 08n 

nnt poraelre INIT poarible efieat of the praOt¶ac nmtlnaed by 

you upon tho R-3 ron'n lnwran0a aorarapo in any areut. 

whey say employ over-y reasonuh!a mews, laoludlng 

fnroe, neoenmry to ariaat II Oalnture. Thur, 1hOI 5’87 enter 

r:rlrately-omod propsrty without t.he mnor’w oonuent, OF over 
Honorohle C. il* Camesn - YRe 6 

his protest; of even hrenk In a door I If his eathnritr and mission 

he r?ado known, and such owner persists in ref’vsh~ ndmlttance if 

rcaronahly aecjsnary fn their disaratjm to enter. For f%rt.her 

discuaeivn of these powert, sea thn case, Ibt bprta SJarwoaa, E 

E. E. e. 

The forcpoing conolaslcns nre predlcatcrl upon court de01 slrnr. mere are no oxproes statutes daalinp: with them. 

vary truly yoaru 

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