Electricity

Natural 

Gas Fuel Oil

District 

Heat

District 

Chilled 

Water Propane Other

a

All Buildings ............................................... 67,338 65,753 65,716 45,525 13,285 5,891 2,750 6,290 2,322

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 .............................................. 6,774 6,309 6,280 3,566 620 Q Q 635 292

5,001 to 10,000 ............................................ 8,238 7,721 7,721 5,088 583 Q Q 986 Q

10,001 to 25,000 .......................................... 11,153 10,851 10,843 7,001 983 414 Q 1,203 290

25,001 to 50,000 .......................................... 9,311 9,175 9,175 6,405 983 660 294 568 250

50,001 to 100,000 ........................................ 10,112 10,034 10,034 7,165 1,612 933 525 865 350

100,001 to 200,000 ...................................... 8,271 8,246 8,246 5,915 1,875 903 630 854 Q

200,001 to 500,000 ...................................... 6,851 6,790 6,790 5,282 2,984 1,003 470 616 Q

Over 500,000 ............................................... 6,628 6,628 6,628 5,104 3,645 1,707 630 562 Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .................................................... 8,651 8,651 8,651 6,570 1,635 1,159 676 757 325

Food Sales .................................................. 994 993 993 659 Q Q N Q Q

Food Service ............................................... 1,851 1,851 1,851 1,510 Q Q Q 298 Q

Health Care ................................................. 2,918 2,918 2,918 2,285 1,754 744 433 Q Q

 Inpatient ..................................................... 1,865 1,865 1,865 1,677 1,605 649 356 Q Q

 Outpatient .................................................. 1,053 1,053 1,053 609 Q Q Q Q Q

Lodging ........................................................ 4,521 4,521 4,521 3,548 789 629 219 587 Q

Mercantile .................................................... 10,398 10,398 10,398 7,887 1,411 Q Q 863 365

 Retail (Other Than Mall) ............................ 4,766 4,766 4,766 3,518 553 Q Q 276 Q

 Enclosed and Strip Malls ........................... 5,631 5,631 5,631 4,369 858 N Q 587 Q

Office ........................................................... 12,044 12,043 12,043 7,356 3,913 1,536 678 370 192

Public Assembly .......................................... 4,393 4,340 4,340 2,989 850 848 436 469 Q

Public Order and Safety .............................. 1,168 1,030 1,030 627 398 297 Q Q Q

Religious Worship ....................................... 3,405 3,405 3,405 2,457 187 Q Q 714 Q

Service ........................................................ 3,388 3,358 3,358 2,093 641 Q Q 272 Q

Warehouse and Storage ............................. 10,477 9,879 9,879 6,211 1,102 Q Q 1,338 Q

Other ............................................................ 1,222 1,217 1,217 707 205 Q Q Q Q

Vacant ......................................................... 1,908 1,149 1,112 626 Q Q N Q Q

Year Constructed

1919 or Before ............................................. 4,034 3,722 3,714 2,766 745 486 Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ................................................ 6,445 6,281 6,281 4,257 1,060 764 134 473 Q

1946 to 1959 ................................................ 9,127 8,822 8,794 6,040 1,782 1,088 406 748 433

1960 to 1969 ................................................ 10,866 10,686 10,686 7,512 2,349 1,406 633 1,220 353

1970 to 1979 ................................................ 11,840 11,750 11,750 8,080 2,446 788 492 1,033 352

1980 to 1989 ................................................ 13,931 13,485 13,485 8,794 2,795 682 424 1,333 499

1990 to 1999 ................................................ 11,094 11,007 11,007 8,076 2,108 677 407 1,295 353

Census Region

Northeast ..................................................... 12,360 11,972 11,964 7,305 5,414 1,898 326 1,706 580

Midwest ....................................................... 16,761 16,389 16,389 13,506 2,423 1,521 746 1,405 606

South ........................................................... 23,485 23,076 23,076 14,199 3,749 1,265 939 2,389 579

West ............................................................ 14,731 14,315 14,287 10,515 1,699 1,207 739 790 557

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ................................ 5,890 5,750 5,750 4,064 1,612 250 Q 1,166 Q

 5,500-7,000 HDD ...................................... 17,083 16,706 16,706 12,573 3,773 1,743 763 1,343 691

 4,000-5,499 HDD ...................................... 16,243 15,800 15,792 10,455 4,531 2,443 653 1,619 602

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .............................. 16,333 15,951 15,922 12,149 1,903 875 683 1,040 442

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .............................. 11,788 11,546 11,546 6,285 1,466 581 589 1,122 383

Table B18. Energy Sources, Floorspace, 1999

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings

All 

Buildings 

Using Any 

Energy 

Source

Energy Sources Used (more than one may apply)

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 64
Electricity

Natural 

Gas Fuel Oil

District 

Heat

District 

Chilled 

Water Propane Other

a

Table B18. Energy Sources, Floorspace, 1999

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings

All 

Buildings 

Using Any 

Energy 

Source

Energy Sources Used (more than one may apply)

Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ................................................ 14,321 12,788 12,750 7,108 964 390 Q 1,451 345

5 to 9 ............................................................ 6,325 6,274 6,274 4,633 796 304 Q 646 Q

10 to 19 ........................................................ 8,028 8,028 8,028 5,589 676 475 Q 688 Q

20 to 49 ........................................................ 10,814 10,814 10,814 7,737 1,294 544 162 1,189 317

50 to 99 ........................................................ 8,898 8,898 8,898 6,278 1,593 696 478 839 364

100 to 249 .................................................... 8,356 8,356 8,356 6,146 2,482 1,052 484 787 417

250 or More ................................................. 10,595 10,595 10,595 8,035 5,480 2,431 1,234 691 527

Weekly Operating Hours

39 or Fewer ................................................. 6,596 5,351 5,314 2,825 504 Q Q 944 Q

40 to 48 ........................................................ 13,105 13,070 13,070 8,197 1,540 796 239 1,026 285

49 to 60 ........................................................ 14,200 14,186 14,186 9,714 2,638 945 589 1,068 570

61 to 84 ........................................................ 12,458 12,381 12,381 9,007 2,500 943 504 980 440

85 to 167 ...................................................... 9,116 8,930 8,930 6,449 1,532 915 505 1,085 324

Open Continuously ...................................... 11,863 11,835 11,835 9,334 4,571 2,254 893 1,187 582

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .............................. 54,994 53,668 53,640 37,026 9,893 3,333 1,560 5,305 1,864

 Owner Occupied ........................................ 37,785 37,506 37,506 25,597 8,284 2,907 1,325 4,051 1,486

 Nonowner Occupied .................................. 15,596 15,441 15,441 10,968 1,605 426 Q 1,244 358

 Unoccupied ............................................... 1,613 721 693 461 Q N N Q Q

Government Owned .................................... 12,343 12,085 12,076 8,500 3,392 2,559 1,190 985 458

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ...................................... 953 385 356 Q N N N Q N

Mostly Vacant .............................................. 956 765 756 367 Q Q N Q Q

Partially Vacant ............................................ 15,520 15,093 15,093 10,725 3,528 1,311 521 1,051 378

Not At All Vacant ......................................... 49,910 49,511 49,511 34,174 9,639 4,570 2,229 5,213 1,891

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity ..................................................... 65,716 65,716 65,716 45,496 13,277 5,891 2,750 6,290 2,322

Natural Gas ................................................. 45,525 45,525 45,496 45,525 8,088 2,683 1,316 1,887 1,572

Fuel Oil ........................................................ 13,285 13,285 13,277 8,088 13,285 1,839 749 2,296 554

District Heat ................................................. 5,891 5,891 5,891 2,683 1,839 5,891 2,354 Q Q

District Chilled Water ................................... 2,750 2,750 2,750 1,316 749 2,354 2,750 Q Q

Propane ....................................................... 6,290 6,290 6,290 1,887 2,296 Q Q 6,290 438

Other ............................................................ 2,322 2,322 2,322 1,572 554 Q Q 438 2,322

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ...................... 61,602 61,602 61,565 44,385 13,074 5,862 2,739 6,076 2,276

Buildings with Cooling ................................. 58,474 58,474 58,474 42,147 12,185 5,165 2,750 5,415 2,069

Buildings with Water Heating ...................... 56,115 56,115 56,115 41,366 11,852 5,301 2,455 5,409 1,887

Buildings with Cooking ................................ 24,681 24,681 24,681 19,857 7,840 2,487 1,047 3,005 1,331

Buildings with Manufacturing ....................... 3,126 3,126 3,126 2,322 555 Q Q 403 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation .................................................. 11,882 11,882 11,882 9,119 8,749 2,083 919 1,486 1,132

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .................... 23,328 23,328 23,328 18,916 7,576 2,416 1,027 2,712 1,331

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ................................ 21,793 21,793 21,793 17,601 6,856 2,735 1,158 2,643 1,165

a "Other" includes wood, coal, solar, and all other energy sources.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 65