1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

All Buildings ............................................... 67,338 4,034 6,445 9,127 10,866 11,840 13,931 11,094

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 .............................................. 6,774 655 798 1,025 928 1,056 1,153 1,159

5,001 to 10,000 ............................................ 8,238 791 776 1,777 1,165 1,392 1,150 1,188

10,001 to 25,000 .......................................... 11,153 972 1,504 1,488 1,267 2,045 2,767 1,110

25,001 to 50,000 .......................................... 9,311 489 673 1,343 1,987 1,587 1,594 1,638

50,001 to 100,000 ........................................ 10,112 483 637 1,343 1,698 1,816 2,273 1,862

100,001 to 200,000 ...................................... 8,271 Q 727 789 1,593 1,147 2,088 1,662

200,001 to 500,000 ...................................... 6,851 Q 705 796 1,243 1,206 1,307 1,344

Over 500,000 ............................................... 6,628 Q 624 565 987 1,593 1,599 1,131

Principal Building Activity

Education .................................................... 8,651 278 1,138 1,831 2,035 1,411 719 1,239

Food Sales .................................................. 994 Q Q Q Q Q Q 355

Food Service ............................................... 1,851 Q 265 Q 310 295 347 Q

Health Care ................................................. 2,918 Q Q 322 487 852 558 473

 Inpatient ..................................................... 1,865 Q Q 232 377 613 287 Q

 Outpatient .................................................. 1,053 Q Q Q Q 238 271 319

Lodging ........................................................ 4,521 Q Q 351 870 838 1,289 716

Mercantile .................................................... 10,398 818 381 1,384 1,305 1,951 2,529 2,030

 Retail (Other Than Mall) ............................ 4,766 773 242 886 517 509 700 1,139

 Enclosed and Strip Malls ........................... 5,631 Q Q 497 788 1,442 1,829 891

Office ........................................................... 12,044 702 1,051 1,155 1,685 2,036 3,586 1,830

Public Assembly .......................................... 4,393 292 569 534 868 717 678 736

Public Order and Safety .............................. 1,168 Q Q Q Q Q Q 227

Religious Worship ....................................... 3,405 385 Q 641 612 718 418 357

Service ........................................................ 3,388 Q 629 541 608 645 515 336

Warehouse and Storage ............................. 10,477 380 1,092 1,265 1,247 1,793 2,620 2,079

Other ............................................................ 1,222 Q Q Q 355 Q Q 367

Vacant ......................................................... 1,908 385 468 501 257 Q Q Q

Floors

One .............................................................. 26,800 464 1,455 3,683 4,466 5,156 5,946 5,632

Two .............................................................. 16,985 796 1,569 2,853 2,761 2,860 3,489 2,657

Three ........................................................... 8,928 1,439 1,376 1,328 1,163 1,339 1,309 974

Four to Nine ................................................. 10,180 1,188 1,457 875 1,707 1,629 2,005 1,319

Ten or More ................................................. 4,445 Q 589 388 770 857 1,183 512

Census Region

Northeast ..................................................... 12,360 1,392 1,619 2,030 2,050 1,823 2,070 1,376

Midwest ....................................................... 16,761 1,576 2,423 2,152 2,602 2,347 2,828 2,834

South ........................................................... 23,485 549 1,704 2,910 3,318 4,278 6,263 4,464

West ............................................................ 14,731 518 699 2,035 2,896 3,391 2,771 2,420

Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ................................................ 14,321 1,863 2,443 2,264 2,015 2,012 2,013 1,712

5 to 9 ............................................................ 6,325 506 508 1,012 1,181 1,337 952 829

10 to 19 ........................................................ 8,028 637 729 1,415 1,128 1,233 1,731 1,153

20 to 49 ........................................................ 10,814 316 691 1,947 1,707 1,682 2,383 2,089

50 to 99 ........................................................ 8,898 219 586 833 1,696 1,803 2,161 1,601

100 to 249 .................................................... 8,356 235 658 688 1,561 1,515 1,915 1,786

250 or More ................................................. 10,595 Q 830 968 1,579 2,259 2,776 1,925

Weekly Operating Hours

39 or Fewer ................................................. 6,596 803 1,182 1,292 967 1,035 807 511

40 to 48 ........................................................ 13,105 951 1,896 2,095 2,027 1,853 2,511 1,771

49 to 60 ........................................................ 14,200 967 1,209 2,083 2,171 2,586 2,892 2,292

61 to 84 ........................................................ 12,458 565 672 1,613 2,092 2,482 2,847 2,186

85 to 167 ...................................................... 9,116 274 611 934 1,482 1,812 2,021 1,981

Open Continuously ...................................... 11,863 474 876 1,110 2,127 2,071 2,853 2,352

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace, 1999

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings

Year Constructed

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 32
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace, 1999

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings

Year Constructed

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .............................. 54,994 3,456 4,812 7,053 8,122 9,907 12,507 9,138

 Owner Occupied ........................................ 37,785 2,479 3,575 4,879 5,495 6,795 8,364 6,198

 Nonowner Occupied .................................. 15,596 728 1,081 1,737 2,419 2,960 3,855 2,817

 Unoccupied ............................................... 1,613 Q Q 437 QQQQ

Government Owned .................................... 12,343 579 1,633 2,074 2,745 1,933 1,424 1,956

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ...................................... 953 QQQQQQQ

Mostly Vacant .............................................. 956 QQQQQQQ

Partially Vacant ............................................ 15,520 932 1,360 1,583 2,382 2,646 3,802 2,817

Not At All Vacant ......................................... 49,910 2,718 4,617 7,043 8,227 9,028 10,057 8,219

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity ..................................................... 65,716 3,714 6,281 8,794 10,686 11,750 13,485 11,007

Natural Gas ................................................. 45,525 2,766 4,257 6,040 7,512 8,080 8,794 8,076

Fuel Oil ........................................................ 13,285 745 1,060 1,782 2,349 2,446 2,795 2,108

District Heat ................................................. 5,891 486 764 1,088 1,406 788 682 677

District Chilled Water ................................... 2,750 Q 134 406 633 492 424 407

Propane ....................................................... 6,290 Q 473 748 1,220 1,033 1,333 1,295

Other ............................................................ 2,322 Q Q 433 353 352 499 353

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ...................... 61,602 3,593 5,559 8,402 9,966 10,916 12,566 10,600

Buildings with Cooling ................................. 58,474 2,911 4,383 7,601 9,325 11,050 12,849 10,355

Buildings with Water Heating ...................... 56,115 3,130 4,644 7,154 9,421 10,182 12,137 9,446

Buildings with Cooking ................................ 24,681 1,091 2,232 3,195 4,178 4,551 5,030 4,403

Buildings with Manufacturing ....................... 3,126 Q Q 535 409 555 744 485

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation .................................................. 11,882 267 520 1,205 2,067 2,438 2,644 2,741

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated .................................................. 5,736 441 886 725 901 924 1,366 493

1 to 50 .......................................................... 7,593 507 834 1,304 1,038 1,458 1,254 1,198

51 to 99 ........................................................ 10,745 798 1,249 1,178 1,891 1,670 2,181 1,777

100 ............................................................... 43,264 2,288 3,476 5,920 7,037 7,789 9,131 7,625

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled .................................................. 8,864 1,123 2,062 1,526 1,542 790 1,083 739

1 to 50 .......................................................... 16,846 1,237 1,936 3,068 2,406 2,812 2,833 2,553

51 to 99 ........................................................ 16,966 1,022 1,234 1,796 3,235 2,998 3,584 3,096

100 ............................................................... 24,662 653 1,213 2,737 3,683 5,240 6,431 4,706

Percent Lit When Open

Zero ............................................................. 173 N N QQQQQ

1 to 50 .......................................................... 9,187 1,130 1,452 1,720 1,162 1,448 1,318 957

51 to 99 ........................................................ 20,665 1,290 1,879 2,856 3,765 3,832 3,801 3,242

100 ............................................................... 34,233 1,129 2,523 3,930 5,552 6,276 8,153 6,670

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used .................................... 3,080 486 590 605 371 240 609 Q

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ................................................. 8,923 251 449 1,064 1,129 1,651 2,583 1,796

Furnaces ...................................................... 14,449 1,214 1,552 2,082 2,053 2,235 2,927 2,387

Individual Space Heaters ............................ 17,349 1,042 1,772 2,551 2,496 3,345 3,428 2,715

District Heat ................................................. 5,534 480 764 1,065 1,351 769 606 499

Boilers ......................................................... 19,522 1,397 2,264 2,762 4,231 3,275 3,114 2,479

Packaged Heating Units .............................. 25,743 428 1,476 2,917 3,961 4,899 6,379 5,684

Other ............................................................ 4,073 Q Q 563 560 684 1,012 786

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 33
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace, 1999

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings

Year Constructed

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .......................................... 8,329 677 657 1,239 957 1,621 1,904 1,274

Heat Pumps ................................................. 9,147 284 551 984 1,119 1,793 2,711 1,705

Individual Air Conditioners ........................... 14,276 1,206 2,074 2,833 2,296 2,237 2,155 1,476

District Chilled Water ................................... 2,750 Q 134 406 633 492 424 407

Central Chillers ............................................ 12,909 254 984 1,329 2,765 2,766 2,584 2,229

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ........................................................... 36,527 1,244 2,367 4,427 5,686 7,001 8,978 6,825

Swamp Coolers ........................................... 2,219 Q Q 261 527 499 345 339

Other ............................................................ 1,312 Q Q Q Q 316 348 Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1995 (more than one may apply)

Heating ........................................................ 13,220 756 1,212 2,191 2,164 3,100 3,002 794

Cooling ........................................................ 17,390 1,003 1,602 2,735 3,161 4,254 3,692 943

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent ............................................... 38,156 2,533 3,909 4,951 6,268 7,089 8,028 5,377

Standard Fluorescent .................................. 60,344 3,246 5,417 8,031 9,939 11,099 12,619 9,993

Compact Fluorescent .................................. 20,666 1,040 1,423 2,019 3,445 3,824 4,755 4,160

High Intensity Discharge .............................. 19,223 682 1,530 1,981 2,986 3,413 4,166 4,464

Halogen ....................................................... 17,926 871 921 1,861 2,916 3,511 4,272 3,574

Other ............................................................ 1,004 Q Q Q Q Q Q 392

Personal Computers

None ............................................................ 9,583 1,097 1,546 1,772 1,191 1,404 1,476 1,098

1 to 4 ............................................................ 13,853 1,281 1,840 2,174 2,357 2,592 2,040 1,569

5 to 9 ............................................................ 6,528 264 334 936 837 1,523 1,443 1,191

10 to 19 ........................................................ 7,514 484 306 826 1,279 1,112 1,860 1,647

20 to 49 ........................................................ 8,087 258 622 1,223 1,021 1,149 2,014 1,801

50 to 99 ........................................................ 5,867 Q 549 640 1,012 890 1,341 1,276

100 to 249 .................................................... 6,818 245 405 566 1,480 1,260 1,616 1,245

250 or More ................................................. 9,088 Q 843 990 1,690 1,910 2,142 1,267

Photocopiers

None ............................................................ 21,631 1,907 2,625 3,747 3,396 3,578 3,689 2,690

One .............................................................. 12,928 918 1,349 1,660 2,163 2,240 2,240 2,358

2 to 4 ............................................................ 15,620 741 1,116 2,176 2,389 2,707 3,571 2,921

5 to 9 ............................................................ 5,384 Q Q 319 1,119 921 1,350 1,373

10 or More ................................................... 11,774 362 1,159 1,225 1,800 2,394 3,081 1,752

Other Electronic Equipment

(more than one may apply)

Laser Printers .............................................. 46,567 2,181 3,288 5,675 7,867 8,341 10,449 8,765

FAX Machines ............................................. 54,764 2,786 4,442 6,835 8,827 10,029 11,961 9,883

Medical Diagnostic Equipment .................... 2,493 Q Q 296 439 786 507 388

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .................... 23,328 956 2,138 3,051 4,028 4,209 4,827 4,120

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ................................ 21,793 802 1,858 2,614 4,123 4,123 4,530 3,743

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ................................... 38,193 2,294 3,049 4,225 5,155 6,395 9,060 8,016

Tinted, Reflective, or

 Shading Glass ............................................ 29,915 931 1,467 2,854 4,322 6,087 7,919 6,335

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 34
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace, 1999

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings

Year Constructed

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ....................... 19,387 540 960 1,593 3,238 3,718 4,666 4,672

Economizer Cycle ........................................ 21,256 628 1,103 1,811 3,718 4,380 5,053 4,563

HVAC Maintenance ..................................... 53,395 2,669 4,242 6,658 8,749 9,669 11,743 9,665

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ............................. 21,613 509 1,566 2,243 4,020 3,791 4,409 5,074

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Specular Reflectors ..................................... 19,994 728 1,380 2,339 2,825 3,887 4,724 4,111

Electronic Ballasts ....................................... 42,035 1,828 3,472 5,236 6,649 8,174 8,862 7,815

Skylights or Atriums ..................................... 18,286 803 1,211 1,744 2,549 3,062 5,254 3,664

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption 

Survey.

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 35