Release date: April 2015

Revised date: May 2016

All

buildings

Space

heating Cooling

Water

heating Cooking

Manufacturing

Electricity 

generation

All buildings 87,093 80,078 79,294 79,015 38,546 5,078 25,642

Building floorspace (square feet)

1,001 to 5,000 8,041 6,699 6,124 6,102 2,073 284 321

5,001 to 10,000 8,900 7,590 7,304 7,236 2,733 542 596

10,001 to 25,000 14,105 12,744 12,357 12,401 4,134 855 1,008

25,001 to 50,000 11,917 10,911 10,813 11,007 3,858 1,022 2,032

50,001 to 100,000 13,918 13,114 13,069 13,063 6,870 761 4,139

100,001 to 200,000 12,415 11,941 12,152 11,903 6,587 691 5,050

200,001 to 500,000 10,724 10,348 10,518 10,351 6,969 665 6,665

Over 500,000 7,074 6,730 6,958 6,951 5,322 Q 5,830

Principal building activity

Education 12,239 12,099 11,811 11,905 8,479 Q 4,126

Food sales 1,252 1,196 1,190 1,252 943 Q 394

Food service 1,819 1,762 1,712 1,817 1,738 Q Q

Health care 4,155 4,109 4,148 4,153 2,649 Q 2,954

Inpatient 2,374 2,354 2,374 2,374 2,230 Q 2,266

Outpatient 1,781 1,754 1,774 1,779 419 Q 688

Lodging 5,826 5,696 5,700 5,821 4,293 Q 2,781

Mercantile 11,330 10,794 11,121 10,960 6,396 529 2,281

Retail (other than mall) 5,439 5,088 5,230 5,070 1,773 Q 877

Enclosed and strip malls 5,890 5,706 5,890 5,890 4,623 Q 1,404

Office 15,952 15,753 15,882 15,663 5,230 684 6,027

Public assembly 5,559 5,323 5,235 5,318 2,751 Q 1,878

Public order and safety 1,440 1,391 1,384 1,341 912 N 1,185

Religious worship 4,557 4,511 4,271 4,337 3,394 Q Q

Service 4,630 4,157 3,773 3,763 517 465 422

Warehouse and storage 13,077 9,987 10,120 10,041 922 1,996 2,326

Other 2,002 1,886 1,820 1,614 Q 951 688

Vacant 3,256 1,415 1,125 1,031 Q Q Q

Year constructed

Before 1920 3,983 3,583 3,087 3,403 1,493 403 554

1920 to 1945 6,025 5,527 5,215 5,299 2,711 Q 1,252

1946 to 1959 7,381 6,895 6,679 6,410 3,409 575 1,523

1960 to 1969 10,362 9,730 9,634 9,699 4,644 497 3,083

1970 to 1979 10,846 10,045 10,031 10,158 4,837 828 3,145

1980 to 1989 15,230 13,723 14,011 13,831 6,545 969 4,690

1990 to 1999 13,803 12,389 12,402 12,209 6,517 396 4,184

2000 to 2003 7,215 6,707 6,939 6,889 2,874 470 2,705

2004 to 2007 6,524 5,972 6,071 5,955 3,140 386 2,236

2008 to 2012 5,723 5,505 5,225 5,162 2,375 Q 2,269

Table B25. Energy end uses, floorspace, 2012

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Energy used for (more than one may apply)
All

buildings

Space

heating Cooling

Water

heating Cooking

Manufacturing

Electricity 

generation

All buildings 87,093 80,078 79,294 79,015 38,546 5,078 25,642

Table B25. Energy end uses, floorspace, 2012

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Energy used for (more than one may apply)

Census region and division

Northeast 15,534 15,053 13,949 14,633 8,177 1,059 6,223

New England 4,302 4,090 3,482 3,915 2,053 391 1,456

Middle Atlantic 11,232 10,963 10,467 10,718 6,124 669 4,767

Midwest 18,919 18,055 17,144 17,592 8,726 1,172 5,358

East North Central 12,742 12,240 11,675 12,082 6,175 807 3,912

West North Central 6,178 5,815 5,469 5,510 2,551 365 1,445

South 34,279 30,499 31,734 30,261 14,381 1,708 9,377

South Atlantic 17,981 15,883 17,094 16,144 7,925 821 5,901

East South Central 4,904 4,692 4,710 4,598 2,255 Q 1,075

West South Central 11,394 9,923 9,931 9,519 4,201 705 2,401

West 18,360 16,471 16,467 16,529 7,262 1,139 4,683

Mountain 4,981 4,704 4,489 4,440 2,420 Q 1,635

Pacific 13,379 11,767 11,978 12,089 4,842 999 3,049

Climate region1

Very cold/Cold 31,898 30,469 28,228 29,567 14,975 2,133 10,597

Mixed-humid 27,873 26,716 26,365 25,772 13,469 1,273 8,525

Mixed-dry/Hot-dry 12,037 10,484 10,887 10,585 4,029 786 2,471

Hot-humid 12,831 10,090 11,624 10,837 5,098 684 3,168

Marine 2,454 2,319 2,190 2,255 975 Q 880

Number of workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 17,751 12,931 11,595 11,783 4,138 556 1,002

5 to 9 8,973 8,492 8,238 8,205 2,501 519 857

10 to 19 9,623 8,970 9,190 9,137 3,203 787 1,058

20 to 49 14,514 14,126 14,219 14,097 6,481 1,231 2,923

50 to 99 13,476 13,184 13,323 13,171 7,501 965 4,761

100 to 249 10,941 10,805 10,913 10,912 6,181 508 6,177

250 or more 11,815 11,570 11,815 11,711 8,540 512 8,863

Weekly operating hours

Fewer than 40 8,220 5,763 5,083 5,137 2,921 Q 399

40 to 48 15,828 14,867 14,512 14,388 4,974 1,449 2,971

49 to 60 20,529 19,365 19,297 18,878 6,900 1,867 5,055

61 to 84 15,867 15,148 15,170 15,304 8,122 939 4,185

85 to 167 9,395 8,711 8,864 8,937 4,615 421 3,329

Open continuously 17,253 16,224 16,368 16,371 11,014 351 9,703
All

buildings

Space

heating Cooling

Water

heating Cooking

Manufacturing

Electricity 

generation

All buildings 87,093 80,078 79,294 79,015 38,546 5,078 25,642

Table B25. Energy end uses, floorspace, 2012

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Energy used for (more than one may apply)

Ownership and occupancy

Nongovernment owned 67,550 61,341 60,960 60,645 26,909 4,745 17,555

Owner occupied 30,637 28,745 28,174 27,869 13,400 2,024 8,079

Leased to tenant(s) 26,115 23,766 23,907 23,900 9,378 2,107 5,917

Owner occupied and leased 8,873 8,328 8,602 8,544 4,115 614 3,502

Unoccupied 1,925 502 278 332 Q N Q

Government owned 19,543 18,736 18,334 18,370 11,637 333 8,086

Federal 1,573 1,557 1,573 1,565 933 Q 1,122

State 5,539 5,411 5,252 5,270 2,538 Q 1,829

Local 12,431 11,768 11,508 11,535 8,166 Q 5,136

Energy sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity 84,869 80,053 79,294 79,015 38,546 5,078 25,642

Natural gas 58,725 58,129 56,899 57,019 31,026 3,740 20,271

Fuel oil 20,200 19,670 19,309 19,708 12,694 863 17,073

District heat 5,964 5,962 5,903 5,822 3,154 Q 3,749

District chilled water 4,608 4,561 4,608 4,511 2,084 Q 2,731

Propane 7,706 7,332 7,061 7,383 4,209 809 3,380

Other 3,826 3,826 3,573 3,679 2,076 Q 2,881

Energy end uses

(more than one may apply)

Buildings with space heating 80,078 80,078 76,834 76,584 37,771 4,790 25,155

Buildings with cooling 79,294 76,834 79,294 76,414 37,687 4,682 25,350

Buildings with water heating 79,015 76,584 76,414 79,015 38,389 4,570 25,280

Buildings with cooking 38,546 37,771 37,687 38,389 38,546 1,300 16,803

Buildings with manufacturing 5,078 4,790 4,682 4,570 1,300 5,078 889

Buildings with electricity

generation 25,642 25,155 25,350 25,280 16,803 889 25,642

Food preparation or serving areas 

in non-food service buildings

(more than one may apply)

Snack bar or concession stand 9,884 9,564 9,819 9,864 9,884 Q 6,316

Fast food or small restaurant 9,787 9,479 9,771 9,778 9,787 Q 4,977

Cafeteria or large restaurant 15,222 15,000 15,046 15,219 15,222 Q 9,066

Commercial kitchen/

food preparation area 16,150 15,857 15,968 16,150 16,150 504 9,181

Small kitchen area 14,054 13,624 13,601 13,926 14,054 660 5,837

Separate computer areas

(more than one may apply)

Data center or server farm 11,105 10,939 11,093 11,013 6,849 462 8,337

Computer-based training room 17,723 17,336 17,589 17,659 12,340 556 9,480

Student or public computer center 14,341 14,205 14,090 14,268 10,945 Q 6,480
All

buildings

Space

heating Cooling

Water

heating Cooking

Manufacturing

Electricity 

generation

All buildings 87,093 80,078 79,294 79,015 38,546 5,078 25,642

Table B25. Energy end uses, floorspace, 2012

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Energy used for (more than one may apply)

 1These climate regions were created by the Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency 

and Renewable Energy (EERE). 

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Guide to the 2012 CBECS Detailed Tables or CBECS Terminology for definition 

of terms used in these tables and/or comparison of differences with prior CBECS tables. Both references can be accessed from 

http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2012/

 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA-871A of the 2012 Commercial 

Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.