Released: December 2017

Next MECS will be fielded in 2019

Table 1.3 First Use of Energy for All Purposes (Fuel and Nonfuel), 2014;

 Level: National and Regional Data; 

 Row: Values of Shipments and Employment Sizes;

 Column: Energy Sources and Shipments;

 Unit: Trillion Btu.

Shipments

Economic Net Residual Distillate Natural HGL (excluding Coke and of Energy Sources

Characteristic(a) Total(b) Electricity(c) Fuel Oil Fuel Oil(d) Gas(e) natural gasoline)(f) Coal Breeze Other(g) Produced Onsite(h)

Total United States

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

 Under 20 1,163 314 2 30 426 15 15 2 373 13

 20-49 948 287 1 14 354 W W W 186 2

 50-99 1,517 352 W W 565 78 W W 344 18

 100-249 2,069 464 36 11 941 34 245 30 369 63

 250-499 2,251 354 9 13 911 W W W 701 23

 500 and Over 10,357 829 W W 3,216 2,273 570 195 3,699 478

Subtotal 18,306 2,600 87 107 6,412 2,446 1,260 318 5,672 597

Not Ascertained(i) 529 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 529 0

Total 18,835 2,600 87 107 6,412 2,446 1,260 318 6,201 597

Employment Size

 Under 50 1,735 298 6 29 708 W W 1 494 18

 50-99 1,315 281 W 11 627 W W W W 52

 100-249 3,198 604 18 21 1,238 431 W W 542 39

 250-499 3,775 557 W 14 1,285 710 W 13 1,168 238

 500-999 4,442 514 W 20 1,271 W 131 8 W 133

 1000 and Over 3,842 347 3 12 1,283 W 369 W W 118

Subtotal 18,306 2,600 87 107 6,412 2,446 1,260 318 5,672 597

Not Ascertained(i) 529 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 529 0

Total 18,835 2,600 87 107 6,412 2,446 1,260 318 6,201 597

Northeast Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

 Under 20 218 44 * 6 55 3 * * 110 *

 20-49 134 40 Q 2 46 2 W * W 1

 50-99 147 45 1 2 64 1 W 1 W 0

 100-249 194 50 2 2 87 Q 9 2 39 0

 250-499 174 31 5 * 66 Q 13 0 57 0

 500 and Over 447 53 1 3 109 76 W * W 86

Total 1,313 264 11 15 427 84 185 3 412 88

Employment Size

 Under 50 190 39 1 6 52 2 2 * 90 *

 50-99 117 35 Q 2 57 1 4 * 18 1

 100-249 365 79 3 2 105 77 19 3 77 *

 250-499 185 35 * 1 86 2 13 0 48 0

 500-999 242 39 6 2 68 * 5 0 122 0

 1000 and Over 214 37 1 2 59 1 142 * 59 86

Total 1,313 264 11 15 427 84 185 3 412 88

Midwest Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

 Under 20 361 101 * 6 179 5 3 Q 66 0

 20-49 299 91 * 2 138 W 25 W W *

 50-99 461 112 4 2 199 2 47 W W *

 100-249 804 155 * 2 418 W W 24 106 *

 250-499 611 94 * 2 286 W W W 65 6

 500 and Over 1,915 272 1 8 619 124 W 169 W 11

Total 4,451 826 5 22 1,839 164 559 274 779 17

Employment Size

 Under 50 627 95 4 6 306 W W * 139 *
 50-99 551 109 * 2 336 W W W W *

 100-249 774 158 * 3 317 12 W W 101 6

 250-499 855 183 * 3 302 109 145 3 111 *

 500-999 660 159 * 2 205 W W 7 W 0

 1000 and Over 984 122 * 5 374 W 142 W W 10

Total 4,451 826 5 22 1,839 164 559 274 779 17

South Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

 Under 20 408 108 1 11 135 4 5 * 155 9

 20-49 363 118 * 8 121 4 32 2 79 1

 50-99 662 141 W W 213 74 34 1 203 17

 100-249 824 200 33 4 334 W W 4 173 63

 250-499 1,256 169 3 7 477 W W 1 535 17

 500 and Over 6,962 400 W W 2,167 2,066 132 25 2,517 380

Total 10,476 1,136 67 50 3,446 2,182 387 33 3,662 488

Employment Size

 Under 50 680 106 1 10 265 122 3 0 184 12

 50-99 515 104 W 5 182 58 W 1 143 51

 100-249 1,676 288 13 12 688 335 113 2 257 33

 250-499 2,197 255 W 6 718 597 W 4 760 237

 500-999 3,169 255 W 13 870 701 W 1 1,369 133

 1000 and Over 2,240 128 2 4 722 369 62 25 950 21

Total 10,476 1,136 67 50 3,446 2,182 387 33 3,662 488

West Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

 Under 20 175 62 * 7 57 3 7 * 42 4

 20-49 152 37 0 1 49 2 17 * 45 0

 50-99 248 54 * 3 89 2 34 1 65 1

 100-249 248 59 1 4 102 1 30 * 50 0

 250-499 210 59 * 3 81 * 16 6 43 0

 500 and Over 1,033 104 2 2 322 7 24 0 572 0

Total 2,066 375 4 20 700 16 129 8 819 5

Employment Size

 Under 50 238 58 1 7 84 3 8 * 82 5

 50-99 131 33 0 1 52 2 21 0 23 0

 100-249 384 79 2 4 128 7 55 1 108 0

 250-499 538 84 1 4 179 2 13 6 249 0

 500-999 371 61 * 3 129 1 9 * 167 0

 1000 and Over 404 60 0 1 128 2 24 0 189 0

Total 2,066 375 4 20 700 16 129 8 819 5

 (a) Value of Shipments and Receipts and Employment Size categories were supplied by the Bureau of the Census.

 (b) 'Total' is the sum of all of the listed energy sources, including 'Other,' minus the shipments of energy sources produced onsite. It is the total amount of first use of energy for all (fuel and nonfuel) 

purposes.

 (c) 'Net Electricity' is obtained by summing purchases, transfers in, and generation from noncombustible renewable resources, minus quantities sold and transferred out. It does not include electricity inputs 

from onsite cogeneration or generation from combustible fuels because that energy has already been included as generating fuel (for example, coal).

 (d) 'Distillate Fuel Oil' includes Nos. 1, 2, and 4 fuel oils and Nos. 1, 2, and 4 diesel fuels.

 (e) 'Natural Gas' includes natural gas obtained from utilities, local distribution companies, and any other supplier(s), such as independent gas producers, gas brokers, marketers, and any marketing 

subsidiaries of utilities. 

 (f) Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids '(HGL)' include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, ethane-propane mixtures, propane-butane mixtures, and isobutane produced at refineries or 

natural gas processing plants, including plants that fractionate raw Natural Gas Liquids (NGL). 

 (g) 'Other' includes net steam (the sum of purchases, generation from renewables, and net transfers), and other energy that respondents indicated was used to produce heat and power or as feedstock/raw 

material inputs. See also Footnote 'i'.

 (h) 'Shipments of Energy Sources Produced Onsite' are those shipments produced or transformed onsite from the nonfuel use of other energy sources. For example, at an establishment that processes coal 

to make coke for later use, the entire quantity of coal is counted as first use. Any onsite consumption of coke is not counted as first use because it would duplicate the coal use. If some of the coke is then sold 

to another establishment, then that second establishment will consider this coke to be a shipment of an offsite-produced energy source. Hence, the second establishment will count this coke as its first use, 

thereby resulting in double counting. In order to eliminate the double counting, the energy equivalent of the coke shipment must be subtracted from first use.
 W=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.

 Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error is greater than 50 percent.

 NA=Not available.

 Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. The derived estimates presented in this table are for the first use (formerly primary consumption) of energy for heat and 

power and as feedstocks or raw material inputs. First use is defined as the consumption of the energy that was originally produced offsite or was produced onsite from input materials not classified as energy. 

Examples of the latter are hydrogen produced from the electrolysis of brine; the output of captive (onsite) mines or wells; woodchips, bark, and woodwaste from wood purchased as a raw material input; and 

waste materials, such as wastepaper and packing materials. First use excludes quantities of energy that are produced from other energy inputs and, therefore, avoids double counting. 

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA-846, '2014 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey,' and the Bureau of the Census, data files 

for the '2014 Annual Survey of Manufactures.'

 * Estimate less than 0.5.

 (i) Previously, the Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) had accounted for energy consumed in petroleum refineries by measuring their own fuel use, assuming shipments of fuel products 

would later be counted in the industries that use them, and assigning the heat equivalent of the nonfuel products to the petroleum refinery (for a more detailed explanation see, "Feedstock and OffsiteProduced Fuel at Petroleum Refineries"). Starting with the 2014 MECS, however, EIA began collecting asphalt and petrochemical feedstock data from establishments that use those nonfuel products. These 

data are included in the 'Other' column. However, other 'Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products (i.e. lubricants, solvents, waxes, and special naphthas) from refineries, and used elsewhere throughout the 

manufacturing sector as energy are not collected on the MECS. An estimate of 'the Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products used in manufacturing was derived using EIA's "U.S. Product Supplied for Crude Oil and 

Petroleum Products" data. The Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products are shown as a separate row, 'Not Ascertained,' under the 'Subtotal' for the 'Total United States' and this row is not allocated regionally. 

Therefore, the sum of the regional totals will equal the United States subtotal in the previous row. Because of the changes made to the 2014 MECS, the quantity in 'Other' for the petroleum refineries in Tables 

1 and 2 is now less than it would otherwise be using the previous method. Similarly, the quantities in 'Other' for Chemicals (NAICS 325 and certain subindustries) and the asphalt industries (NAICS 324121 and 

324122) are now larger than they would otherwise be under the previous method. The 2014 "Feedstock and Offsite-Produced Fuel at Petroleum Refineries" data may be found on EIA's website: 

https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_cons_psup_dc_nus_mbbl_a.htm
Released: December 2017

Next MECS will be fielded in 2019

RSE Table 1.3 Relative Standard Errors for Table 1.3;

 Unit: Percents.

Shipments

Economic Net Residual Distillate Natural HGL (excluding Coke and of Energy Sources

Characteristic(a) Total(b) Electricity(c) Fuel Oil Fuel Oil(d) Gas(e) natural gasoline)(f) Coal Breeze Other(g) Produced Onsite(h)

Total United States

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

 Under 20 5.0 7.1 14.3 13.3 6.0 10.2 2.6 47.3 8.7 0.2

 20-49 4.3 5.0 40.5 22.2 6.8 34.8 4.8 15.9 5.9 0.1

 50-99 2.0 4.1 0.8 4.8 3.4 0.8 5.2 0.8 1.3 0.0

 100-249 2.4 2.8 0.3 7.7 2.3 17.5 1.5 0.0 9.8 0.0

 250-499 0.9 2.5 0.3 11.8 1.1 4.7 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0

 500 and Over 0.4 1.0 0.0 3.5 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.9 0.0

Subtotal 0.5 1.2 0.7 5.0 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.4 1.1 0.0

Not Ascertained(i) 0.0 X X X X X X X 0.0 X

Total 0.5 1.2 0.7 5.0 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.4 1.0 0.0

Employment Size

 Under 50 3.6 6.5 4.5 13.6 4.1 5.2 2.8 2.5 8.4 0.2

 50-99 3.8 5.3 2.0 12.5 3.6 8.4 4.7 20.2 12.1 0.0

 100-249 1.1 2.8 0.2 13.5 1.6 0.4 1.8 1.6 0.9 0.0

 250-499 0.7 2.4 0.9 9.6 1.3 0.2 0.8 0.0 0.4 0.0

 500-999 0.9 1.8 0.1 5.5 1.0 0.1 1.8 0.0 1.8 0.0

 1000 and Over 0.4 2.3 0.0 7.7 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.0

Subtotal 0.5 1.2 0.7 5.0 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.4 1.1 0.0

Not Ascertained(i) 0.0 X X X X X X X 0.0 X

Total 0.5 1.2 0.7 5.0 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.4 1.0 0.0

Northeast Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

 Under 20 7.9 12.8 16.4 19.3 14.5 18.1 4.3 11.6 6.7 0.0

 20-49 6.1 10.7 50.8 43.0 9.6 20.1 0.0 0.0 8.0 0.0

 50-99 7.8 13.5 2.1 26.9 10.8 21.5 20.6 0.0 0.5 X

 100-249 4.0 6.9 4.4 13.6 4.2 54.9 18.9 0.0 5.1 X

 250-499 3.4 7.4 0.0 28.4 5.9 76.0 0.1 X 0.5 X

 500 and Over 1.0 4.6 0.0 18.2 1.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Total 1.9 3.9 5.4 11.2 3.0 1.6 1.9 0.6 1.9 0.0

Employment Size

 Under 50 8.9 13.8 11.1 19.9 15.0 20.9 0.2 89.2 7.8 0.0

 50-99 7.4 10.6 67.4 42.9 8.8 20.2 0.0 0.0 19.0 0.0

 100-249 3.5 8.7 0.5 21.2 6.7 0.4 15.4 0.0 3.1 0.0

 250-499 3.6 8.1 31.1 19.2 4.4 49.9 14.2 X 0.0 X

 500-999 2.3 6.5 0.2 5.0 4.8 3.5 0.0 X 0.3 X

 1000 and Over 2.2 7.0 0.0 28.0 3.3 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Total 1.9 3.9 5.4 11.2 3.0 1.6 1.9 0.6 1.9 0.0

Midwest Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

 Under 20 7.9 8.3 26.3 25.0 10.6 21.9 1.6 55.5 12.1 X

 20-49 7.7 8.8 76.8 22.5 10.8 54.5 13.5 20.0 11.4 70.4

 50-99 4.8 7.4 0.0 9.0 7.1 21.3 13.0 0.8 4.4 0.0

 100-249 5.4 5.4 13.3 8.8 4.3 6.4 2.4 0.0 33.8 0.0

 250-499 1.9 4.9 21.4 46.6 2.2 1.1 0.0 0.0 4.2 0.0

 500 and Over 0.5 1.6 0.2 9.9 0.8 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.3 0.0

Total 1.4 2.0 2.1 9.6 1.7 4.5 1.3 0.4 4.8 0.0

Employment Size

 Under 50 7.3 6.6 2.6 24.7 6.3 52.7 3.3 0.0 26.6 25.4

 50-99 4.4 7.5 6.1 26.9 5.0 9.3 11.4 31.1 5.8 0.0

 100-249 2.8 5.4 0.0 11.3 4.3 7.0 3.3 1.4 2.5 0.0

 250-499 2.6 4.9 0.6 40.2 4.6 0.7 0.4 0.0 1.9 0.0

 500-999 2.1 3.9 0.0 14.5 4.0 3.8 0.0 0.0 0.6 X
 1000 and Over 0.9 3.2 0.0 12.7 1.0 0.5 1.2 0.0 0.3 0.0

Total 1.4 2.0 2.1 9.6 1.7 4.5 1.3 0.4 4.8 0.0

South Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

 Under 20 11.0 12.8 19.9 22.9 10.0 14.6 8.4 79.8 19.5 0.0

 20-49 8.7 9.3 6.8 34.4 14.9 15.0 6.6 29.2 11.6 0.0

 50-99 2.5 6.4 1.1 3.7 4.1 0.5 0.9 0.0 1.8 0.0

 100-249 2.6 4.5 0.0 10.0 3.5 29.6 2.0 0.0 1.8 0.0

 250-499 1.1 3.8 0.2 15.8 1.4 6.2 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.0

 500 and Over 0.6 1.5 0.0 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.0

Total 0.7 2.0 0.3 7.8 0.8 0.3 0.8 2.1 1.3 0.0

Employment Size

 Under 50 5.1 9.9 16.1 23.7 6.7 1.1 14.1 X 9.0 0.0

 50-99 8.2 11.2 0.1 13.4 7.5 10.0 0.4 11.1 19.0 0.0

 100-249 1.3 4.1 0.2 23.0 1.8 0.3 1.9 30.7 1.2 0.0

 250-499 0.7 3.6 0.7 5.5 1.0 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.6 0.0

 500-999 1.2 2.5 0.0 8.1 1.0 0.1 2.8 0.0 2.5 0.0

 1000 and Over 0.5 4.5 0.0 6.4 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0

Total 0.7 2.0 0.3 7.8 0.8 0.3 0.8 2.1 1.3 0.0

West Census Region

Value of Shipments and Receipts

(million dollars)

 Under 20 10.7 23.5 55.0 35.7 14.8 23.5 0.0 0.0 12.9 0.8

 20-49 5.8 8.6 X 17.4 10.4 33.0 0.0 0.0 9.6 X

 50-99 4.6 10.7 0.0 4.0 8.9 13.7 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.1

 100-249 2.3 5.5 0.0 19.3 3.0 22.7 0.0 0.0 0.1 X

 250-499 2.1 5.6 0.0 3.7 2.0 18.3 0.0 0.0 1.9 X

 500 and Over 0.3 1.3 0.0 8.4 0.6 0.6 0.0 X 0.0 X

Total 1.2 4.4 4.5 13.3 1.9 6.7 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.6

Employment Size

 Under 50 8.5 24.8 26.7 35.9 12.7 19.1 0.0 0.0 8.3 0.6

 50-99 4.7 8.5 X 10.5 8.5 35.8 0.0 X 3.0 X

 100-249 2.7 8.1 0.0 7.4 4.2 9.5 0.0 0.0 0.6 X

 250-499 0.8 3.5 0.0 16.6 1.2 16.0 0.5 0.0 0.3 X

 500-999 1.1 3.9 0.0 4.5 1.6 26.7 0.0 0.0 0.1 X

 1000 and Over 1.0 4.7 X 19.7 1.4 1.1 0.0 X 0.0 X

Total 1.2 4.4 4.5 13.3 1.9 6.7 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.6

 (g) 'Other' includes net steam (the sum of purchases, generation from renewables, and net transfers), and other energy that respondents indicated was used to produce heat and power or as feedstock/raw material 

inputs. See also Footnote 'i'.

 (h) 'Shipments of Energy Sources Produced Onsite' are those shipments produced or transformed onsite from the nonfuel use of other energy sources. For example, at an establishment that processes coal to make 

coke for later use, the entire quantity of coal is counted as first use. Any onsite consumption of coke is not counted as first use because it would duplicate the coal use. If some of the coke is then sold to another 

establishment, then that second establishment will consider this coke to be a shipment of an offsite-produced energy source. Hence, the second establishment will count this coke as its first use, thereby resulting in 

double counting. In order to eliminate the double counting, the energy equivalent of the coke shipment must be subtracted from first use.

 (f) Hydrocarbon Gas Liquids '(HGL)' include ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, normal butane, butylene, ethane-propane mixtures, propane-butane mixtures, and isobutane produced at refineries or natural gas 

processing plants, including plants that fractionate raw Natural Gas Liquids (NGL). 

 (a) Value of Shipments and Receipts and Employment Size categories were supplied by the Bureau of the Census.

 (b) 'Total' is the sum of all of the listed energy sources, including 'Other,' minus the shipments of energy sources produced onsite. It is the total amount of first use of energy for all (fuel and nonfuel) purposes.

 (c) 'Net Electricity' is obtained by summing purchases, transfers in, and generation from noncombustible renewable resources, minus quantities sold and transferred out. It does not include electricity inputs from 

onsite cogeneration or generation from combustible fuels because that energy has already been included as generating fuel (for example, coal).

 (d) 'Distillate Fuel Oil' includes Nos. 1, 2, and 4 fuel oils and Nos. 1, 2, and 4 diesel fuels.

 (e) 'Natural Gas' includes natural gas obtained from utilities, local distribution companies, and any other supplier(s), such as independent gas producers, gas brokers, marketers, and any marketing subsidiaries of 

utilities. 
 X=Not defined because RSE corresponds to a value of zero.

 -- Estimation is not applicable. Energy source is not included in series.

 Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error is greater than 50 percent.

 NA=Not available.

 Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. The derived estimates presented in this table are for the first use (formerly primary consumption) of energy for heat and power 

and as feedstocks or raw material inputs. First use is defined as the consumption of the energy that was originally produced offsite or was produced onsite from input materials not classified as energy. Examples of the 

latter are hydrogen produced from the electrolysis of brine; the output of captive (onsite) mines or wells; woodchips, bark, and woodwaste from wood purchased as a raw material input; and waste materials, such as 

wastepaper and packing materials. First use excludes quantities of energy that are produced from other energy inputs and, therefore, avoids double counting. 

 Sources: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA-846, '2014 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey,' and the Bureau of the Census, data files for the 

'2014 Annual Survey of Manufactures.'

 (i) Previously, the Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) had accounted for energy consumed in petroleum refineries by measuring their own fuel use, assuming shipments of fuel products would later 

be counted in the industries that use them, and assigning the heat equivalent of the nonfuel products to the petroleum refinery (for a more detailed explanation see, "Feedstock and Offsite-Produced Fuel at 

Petroleum Refineries"). Starting with the 2014 MECS, however, EIA began collecting asphalt and petrochemical feedstock data from establishments that use those nonfuel products. These data are included in the 

'Other' column. However, other 'Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products (i.e. lubricants, solvents, waxes, and special naphthas) from refineries, and used elsewhere throughout the manufacturing sector as energy are not 

collected on the MECS. An estimate of 'the Miscellaneous Nonfuel Products used in manufacturing was derived using EIA's "U.S. Product Supplied for Crude Oil and Petroleum Products" data. The Miscellaneous 

Nonfuel Products are shown as a separate row, 'Not Ascertained,' under the 'Subtotal' for the 'Total United States' and this row is not allocated regionally. Therefore, the sum of the regional totals will equal the United 

States subtotal in the previous row. Because of the changes made to the 2014 MECS, the quantity in 'Other' for the petroleum refineries in Tables 1 and 2 is now less than it would otherwise be using the previous 

method. Similarly, the quantities in 'Other' for Chemicals (NAICS 325 and certain subindustries) and the asphalt industries (NAICS 324121 and 324122) are now larger than they would otherwise be under the previous 

method. The 2014 "Feedstock and Offsite-Produced Fuel at Petroleum Refineries" data may be found on EIA's website: 

https://www.eia.gov/dnav/pet/pet_cons_psup_dc_nus_mbbl_a.htm

 * Estimate less than 0.5.

 W=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.