Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total

Workers 

in All 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per 

Building 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per

Worker

Mean

Hours per 

Week

All Buildings*................................... 4,645 64,783 72,807 13.9 890 61

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 6,789 9,936 2.7 683 57

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 6,585 7,512 7.4 877 61

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 11,535 10,787 15.6 1,069 67

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 8,668 8,881 35.9 976 72

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 9,057 8,432 70.4 1,074 80

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 9,064 11,632 138.8 779 89

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 7,176 6,883 289.0 1,043 100

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 5,908 8,744 896.1 676 115

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 9,874 12,489 25.6 791 50

Food Sales ....................................... 226 1,255 1,430 5.6 877 107

Food Service ..................................... 297 1,654 3,129 5.6 528 86

Health Care ....................................... 129 3,163 6,317 24.6 501 59

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 1,905 3,716 241.4 513 168

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 1,258 2,600 10.4 484 52

Lodging ............................................. 142 5,096 2,457 35.8 2,074 167

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 4,317 3,463 9.7 1,246 59

Office ................................................ 824 12,208 28,154 14.8 434 55

Public Assembly ............................... 277 3,939 2,395 14.2 1,645 50

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 1,090 1,347 15.5 809 103

Religious Worship ............................. 370 3,754 1,706 10.1 2,200 32

Service .............................................. 622 4,050 3,667 6.5 1,105 55

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 10,078 4,369 16.9 2,306 66

Other ................................................ 79 1,738 1,819 21.9 956 63

Vacant .............................................. 182 2,567 Q 14.1 Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 3,769 3,045 11.4 1,238 48

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 6,871 6,122 13.0 1,122 51

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 7,045 6,646 12.5 1,060 52

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 8,101 8,708 14.0 930 63

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 10,772 12,597 14.7 855 65

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 10,332 15,032 14.6 687 62

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 12,360 16,181 14.1 764 71

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 5,533 4,476 16.6 1,236 68

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 12,905 14,908 17.8 866 67

 New England .................................. 233 2,964 3,155 12.7 939 71

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 9,941 11,752 20.1 846 65

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 17,080 16,373 13.5 1,043 59

 East North Central .......................... 696 11,595 11,489 16.7 1,009 61

 West North Central ......................... 571 5,485 4,883 9.6 1,123 58

South ................................................ 1,775 23,489 27,078 13.2 867 60

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 12,258 16,757 14.0 732 60

 East South Central .......................... 348 3,393 3,060 9.8 1,109 61

 West South Central ......................... 553 7,837 7,261 14.2 1,079 60

West ................................................. 878 11,310 14,448 12.9 783 62

 Mountain ......................................... 299 3,675 4,281 12.3 858 64

 Pacific ............................................. 580 7,635 10,168 13.2 751 61

Table B1. Summary Table: Total and Means of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

1
Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total

Workers 

in All 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per 

Building 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per

Worker

Mean

Hours per 

Week

All Buildings*................................... 4,645 64,783 72,807 13.9 890 61

Table B1. Summary Table: Total and Means of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 10,622 10,305 12.4 1,031 60

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 17,335 17,340 14.8 1,000 63

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 11,504 14,007 17.1 821 66

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 15,739 17,178 12.3 916 57

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 9,584 13,978 14.3 686 62

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 25,981 23,710 8.3 1,096 60

Two ................................................... 1,031 16,270 16,170 15.8 1,006 62

Three ................................................ 339 7,501 7,966 22.1 942 63

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 10,085 15,910 78.7 634 87

Ten or More ...................................... 12 4,947 9,051 420.0 547 112

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 24,617 36,562 79.7 673 78

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 8,221 9,079 39.5 905 67

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 10,129 15,894 115.1 637 98

 Six or More ..................................... 13 6,268 11,589 491.5 541 115

Any Escalators .................................. 6 2,350 4,048 388.7 580 84

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 15,492 4,633 5.8 3,344 56

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 6,166 5,080 7.9 1,214 63

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 7,803 7,305 13.9 1,068 66

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 10,989 11,780 27.6 933 73

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 7,934 9,545 53.8 831 75

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 6,871 11,093 89.7 619 90

250 or More ...................................... 30 9,528 23,371 320.4 408 99

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 6,863 3,293 6.9 2,084 13

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 11,622 13,765 10.4 844 42

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 15,723 19,146 14.8 821 54

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 10,334 11,630 17.5 889 74

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 7,092 10,473 17.7 677 107

Open Continuously ........................... 475 13,149 14,499 27.7 907 168

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 49,421 53,339 12.3 927 62

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 23,591 27,111 12.8 870 60

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 23,914 26,228 11.8 912 69

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 1,916 N 13.6 N 0

Government Owned .......................... 635 15,363 19,468 24.2 789 55

 Federal ........................................... 46 1,956 2,432 42.9 804 66

 State ............................................... 164 3,808 7,204 23.2 529 57

 Local ............................................... 425 9,599 9,832 22.6 976 53

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 2,161 N 13.8 N 0

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 406 Q 16.1 Q 49

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 12,382 16,997 22.6 729 67

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 49,834 55,746 12.7 894 63

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

2
Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total

Workers 

in All 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per 

Building 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per

Worker

Mean

Hours per 

Week

All Buildings*................................... 4,645 64,783 72,807 13.9 890 61

Table B1. Summary Table: Total and Means of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 45,144 44,071 12.0 1,024 64

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 10,960 13,001 17.1 843 61

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 1,958 Q 35.7 303 68

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 1,951 3,342 85.7 584 66

More than 20 ..................................... 14 2,609 5,930 181.1 440 71

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 2,161 N 13.8 N 0

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 32,817 36,770 16.1 892 63

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 10,832 10,463 13.8 1,035 61

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 6,559 10,891 50.2 602 67

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 4,120 4,567 5.3 902 58

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 7,912 6,235 9.6 1,269 59

Window Glass ................................... 17 1,024 1,910 60.1 536 78

Other ................................................ 47 1,113 1,541 23.8 722 62

No One Major Type ........................... 18 406 430 22.9 945 53

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 21,170 25,828 20.4 820 63

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 10,195 10,462 7.7 974 59

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 11,944 8,461 9.3 1,412 58

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 14,730 20,783 28.8 709 70

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 2,462 3,021 9.4 815 60

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 887 973 7.3 912 60

Concrete ........................................... 61 2,231 1,958 36.7 1,139 68

Other ................................................ 16 598 652 38.1 917 62

No One Major Type ........................... 25 565 669 22.7 844 84

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 17,844 20,481 17.5 871 61

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 6,551 6,668 25.6 982 68

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 1,012 1,078 46.1 939 78

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 13,119 15,890 17.7 826 62

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 8,070 10,121 21.8 797 60

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 8,518 11,188 20.7 761 65

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 10,768 13,849 24.4 778 64

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 10,275 12,452 22.6 825 62

 Window Replacement .................... 310 6,354 7,462 20.5 851 63

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 7,144 8,764 22.7 815 68

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 4,015 5,019 17.7 800 56

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 523 476 27.3 1,097 75

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 18,714 16,637 10.9 1,125 55

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 28,225 35,689 14.7 791 67

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

3
Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total

Workers 

in All 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per 

Building 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per

Worker

Mean

Hours per 

Week

All Buildings*................................... 4,645 64,783 72,807 13.9 890 61

Table B1. Summary Table: Total and Means of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 63,307 72,708 14.4 871 62

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 43,468 51,956 18.2 837 65

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 15,157 19,625 33.6 772 68

District Heat ...................................... 67 5,443 10,190 81.4 534 79

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 2,853 7,189 86.7 397 79

Propane ............................................ 502 7,076 5,858 14.1 1,208 60

Wood ................................................ 62 289 262 4.6 1,105 46

Coal .................................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q

Solar ................................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 61 909 1,190 15.0 764 64

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,766 28,600 33,903 16.2 844 66

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,165 36,959 40,933 17.1 903 62

Fuel Oil ............................................. 360 5,988 5,386 16.6 1,112 58

District Heat ...................................... 65 5,198 9,939 79.7 523 78

Propane ............................................ 372 3,204 3,002 8.6 1,067 55

Wood ................................................ 59 261 191 4.4 1,367 45

Coal .................................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q

Solar ................................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 41 475 527 11.6 901 61

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 1,258 15,996 19,392 12.7 825 65

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,999 32,970 36,773 16.5 897 61

Fuel Oil ............................................. 282 3,818 2,669 13.5 1,430 58

District Heat ...................................... 63 4,907 9,729 77.4 504 77

Propane ............................................ 308 1,955 1,915 6.4 1,021 53

Wood ................................................ Q Q Q Q Q Q

Coal .................................................. Q Q Q Q Q Q

Solar.................................................. N N N N N N

Other ................................................ Q Q Q Q Q Q

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 3,589 54,321 63,221 15.1 859 64

Natural Gas ...................................... 17 1,018 1,342 58.9 759 72

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 2,853 7,189 86.7 397 79

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,910 27,490 32,638 14.4 842 59

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,445 28,820 35,740 19.9 806 70

Fuel Oil ............................................. 94 1,880 2,036 19.9 923 81

District Heat ...................................... 27 3,088 4,193 113.1 736 95

Propane ............................................ 128 1,422 1,527 11.1 931 80

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 410 13,161 16,034 32.1 821 81

Natural Gas ...................................... 457 15,438 19,011 33.8 812 85

Propane ............................................ 108 1,460 1,866 13.6 782 77

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

4
Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total

Workers 

in All 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per 

Building 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per

Worker

Mean

Hours per 

Week

All Buildings*................................... 4,645 64,783 72,807 13.9 890 61

Table B1. Summary Table: Total and Means of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 60,028 70,778 15.1 848 61

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 56,940 70,153 15.7 812 64

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 56,478 69,224 16.3 816 65

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 22,237 27,242 27.8 816 81

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 3,138 2,879 26.5 1,090 54

Buildings with Electricity.....................

 Generation ....................................... 149 12,821 19,273 85.9 665 99

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 4,756 2,029 7.2 2,344 60

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 6,850 4,135 13.1 1,656 56

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 8,107 9,618 16.3 843 64

100 ................................................... 2,962 45,071 57,024 15.2 790 62

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 7,843 2,654 7.7 2,956 52

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 16,598 11,094 16.8 1,496 60

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 13,211 16,510 21.0 800 70

100 ................................................... 2,011 27,132 42,549 13.5 638 63

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 47 293 Q 6.3 Q 115

1 to 50 .............................................. 929 10,203 4,414 11.0 2,312 64

51 to 99 ............................................. 1,108 18,288 26,635 16.5 687 60

100 ................................................... 2,176 32,789 41,552 15.1 789 64

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 386 3,210 111 8.3 28,892 34

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 1,964 17,385 18,080 8.9 962 42

1 to 50 .............................................. 1,882 30,948 37,362 16.4 828 58

51 to 100 ........................................... 136 2,093 2,777 15.4 754 59

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 664 14,357 14,588 21.6 984 127

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 8,814 10,754 18.5 820 64

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 5,442 7,472 19.6 728 64

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 2,581 2,769 15.5 932 61

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 2,691 2,979 46.5 903 84

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 19,615 18,616 10.5 1,054 57

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 12,545 12,878 15.3 974 61

District Heat ...................................... 65 5,166 9,838 79.7 525 78

Boilers .............................................. 579 20,423 23,472 35.3 870 70

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 18,021 22,588 18.9 798 69

Other ................................................ 205 3,262 3,475 15.9 939 63

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

5
Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total

Workers 

in All 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per 

Building 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per

Worker

Mean

Hours per 

Week

All Buildings*................................... 4,645 64,783 72,807 13.9 890 61

Table B1. Summary Table: Total and Means of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 11,035 11,438 11.0 965 57

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 9,041 10,961 18.4 825 63

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 5,426 7,489 18.9 725 62

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 2,606 2,764 15.0 943 60

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 2,940 3,262 50.7 901 84

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 12,558 11,477 16.9 1,094 66

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 2,853 7,189 86.7 397 79

Central Chillers ................................. 111 11,636 17,545 105.1 663 81

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 29,969 35,810 18.6 837 69

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 1,561 1,655 12.8 943 71

Other ................................................ 40 1,232 1,682 31.1 732 75

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 16,403 16,978 13.7 966 61

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 20,995 24,553 15.5 855 64

Water Heating Equipment

Centralized System ........................... 2,513 34,671 39,948 13.8 868 66

Distributed System ............................ 785 11,540 11,842 14.7 974 57

Combination of Centralized

 and Distributed System .................... 175 10,267 17,434 58.8 589 79

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 2,184 38,528 48,802 17.6 789 66

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 3,943 59,688 70,943 15.1 841 62

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 941 27,571 36,563 29.3 754 73

High Intensity Discharge ................... 455 20,643 26,080 45.4 792 71

Halogen ............................................ 565 17,703 22,892 31.3 773 71

Other ................................................ 8 269 604 31.7 445 111

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may apply)

a

Any Refrigeration............................... 3,176 52,974 65,564 16.7 808 66

 Commercial Refrigeration ............... 1,007 26,768 32,287 26.6 829 86

 Walk-In Units ................................ 666 20,254 25,289 30.4 801 93

 Cases or Cabinets ........................ 825 20,424 25,417 24.8 804 87

 Residential-Type Units .................... 2,370 38,884 47,846 16.4 813 60

 Vending Machines .......................... 996 35,335 45,904 35.5 770 78

No Refrigeration ................................ 1,469 11,809 7,243 8.0 1,630 51

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 55,627 69,046 18.1 806 65

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 26,417 42,188 30.1 626 68

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 36,338 52,509 30.9 692 68

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 33,012 40,085 16.8 824 64

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 32,210 43,906 22.7 734 67

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 52,373 66,994 19.3 782 66

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 46,257 61,340 23.9 754 63

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

6
Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total

Workers 

in All 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per 

Building 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per

Worker

Mean

Hours per 

Week

All Buildings*................................... 4,645 64,783 72,807 13.9 890 61

Table B1. Summary Table: Total and Means of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 9,156 3,761 5.9 2,435 54

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 12,395 8,684 7.4 1,427 63

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 7,179 6,010 12.8 1,195 63

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 6,610 6,847 17.9 965 65

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 7,414 9,387 29.1 790 70

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 5,376 6,937 48.9 775 69

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 6,690 8,865 84.3 755 71

250 or More ...................................... 38 9,963 22,316 264.3 446 89

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 28,445 20,298 8.2 1,401 59

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 24,116 26,711 22.8 903 67

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 3,864 6,045 67.0 639 83

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 3,027 8,615 100.1 351 84

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 2,583 4,793 150.0 539 77

50 or More ........................................ 10 2,748 6,345 276.6 433 87

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 18,526 11,467 6.8 1,616 60

One ................................................... 1,250 15,475 12,549 12.4 1,233 60

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 15,082 17,284 27.5 873 65

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 5,515 10,674 64.7 517 83

10 or More ........................................ 54 10,185 20,833 187.2 489 80

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 22,223 27,242 27.8 816 81

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 19,482 21,756 34.4 895 93

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 26,873 37,820 48.6 711 68

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 19,597 30,768 42.1 637 71

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 21,108 32,317 41.5 653 76

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 51,163 63,597 19.8 804 66

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 15,630 21,642 62.0 722 69

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 38,910 43,977 17.7 885 65

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 29,887 40,426 22.6 739 63

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 8,544 12,301 27.8 695 65

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 17,242 22,365 14.0 771 66

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 12,546 14,163 37.9 886 70

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 2,868 3,775 38.7 760 80

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 26,118 33,030 28.2 791 65

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 46,882 59,003 18.2 795 65

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 4,781 7,098 80.1 674 81

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

7
Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total

Workers 

in All 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per 

Building 

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per

Worker

Mean

Hours per 

Week

All Buildings*................................... 4,645 64,783 72,807 13.9 890 61

Table B1. Summary Table: Total and Means of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 42,722 49,300 14.8 867 56

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 43,205 53,990 15.6 800 59

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 46,987 56,421 12.7 833 52

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 19,397 20,147 12.9 963 51

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the

CBECS web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings 

comprising 6.9 billion square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. 

See "Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were 

sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial 

Buildings Energy Consumption Survey. 

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

8
Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total 

Workers in 

All Buildings 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Building 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Worker

Median 

Hours per 

Week

Median 

Age of 

Buildings 

(years)

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 64,783 72,807 4.6 1,000 50 30.5

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 6,789 9,936 2.4 750 48 30.5

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 6,585 7,512 7.2 1,300 50 30.5

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 11,535 10,787 15.0 1,611 55 28.5

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 8,668 8,881 35.0 1,364 60 30.5

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 9,057 8,432 67.0 1,500 60 25.5

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 9,064 11,632 130.0 1,457 75 24.5

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 7,176 6,883 260.0 1,750 85 31.5

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 5,908 8,744 700.0 785 144 23.5

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 9,874 12,489 7.0 854 45 31.5

Food Sales ....................................... 226 1,255 1,430 2.8 1,094 107 30.5

Food Service ..................................... 297 1,654 3,129 3.5 550 84 28.5

Health Care ....................................... 129 3,163 6,317 6.0 540 45 23.5

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 1,905 3,716 106.0 530 168 31.5

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 1,258 2,600 6.0 540 45 23.5

Lodging ............................................. 142 5,096 2,457 12.5 2,633 168 30.5

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 4,317 3,463 4.8 1,250 54 35.5

Office ................................................ 824 12,208 28,154 4.0 525 46 28.5

Public Assembly ............................... 277 3,939 2,395 6.7 2,050 42 35.5

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 1,090 1,347 5.0 825 168 16.5

Religious Worship ............................. 370 3,754 1,706 6.0 2,400 20 43.5

Service .............................................. 622 4,050 3,667 2.8 1,160 50 29.5

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 10,078 4,369 5.2 1,700 50 17.5

Other ................................................ 79 1,738 1,819 4.6 1,200 48 32.5

Vacant .............................................. 182 2,567 64 3.7 6,625 0 43.5

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 3,769 3,045 5.0 1,225 45 105.5

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 6,871 6,122 4.0 1,167 48 73.5

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 7,045 6,646 4.0 1,120 45 51.5

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 8,101 8,708 5.0 986 52 39.5

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 10,772 12,597 5.4 1,060 50 29.5

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 10,332 15,032 3.7 825 50 19.5

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 12,360 16,181 4.8 971 54 7.5

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 5,533 4,476 5.2 1,150 54 2.5

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 12,905 14,908 5.0 833 56 43.5

 New England .................................. 233 2,964 3,155 4.5 889 56 38.5

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 9,941 11,752 5.5 800 55 43.5

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 17,080 16,373 4.1 1,078 50 32.5

 East North Central .......................... 696 11,595 11,489 4.8 1,000 50 33.5

 West North Central ......................... 571 5,485 4,883 3.6 1,150 48 28.5

South ................................................ 1,775 23,489 27,078 4.8 1,060 50 23.5

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 12,258 16,757 5.0 1,000 50 21.5

 East South Central .......................... 348 3,393 3,060 3.6 1,200 49 26.5

 West South Central ......................... 553 7,837 7,261 5.0 1,100 50 23.5

West ................................................. 878 11,310 14,448 4.4 970 50 32.5

 Mountain ......................................... 299 3,675 4,281 4.8 1,000 50 30.5

 Pacific ............................................. 580 7,635 10,168 4.1 917 50 32.5

Table B2. Summary Table: Totals and Medians of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

9
Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total 

Workers in 

All Buildings 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Building 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Worker

Median 

Hours per 

Week

Median 

Age of 

Buildings 

(years)

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 64,783 72,807 4.6 1,000 50 30.5

Table B2. Summary Table: Totals and Medians of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

- More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 10,622 10,305 4.7 1,000 50 33.5

- 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 17,335 17,340 4.8 1,065 50 34.5

- 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 11,504 14,007 4.5 900 50 33.5

- Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 15,739 17,178 4.1 1,025 48 28.5

2,000 CDD or More and --

- Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 9,584 13,978 5.0 1,000 50 20.5

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 25,981 23,710 3.6 1,000 50 25.5

Two ................................................... 1,031 16,270 16,170 7.1 1,013 50 38.5

Three ................................................ 339 7,501 7,966 8.3 1,000 52 57.5

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 10,085 15,910 41.0 1,080 64 63.5

Ten or More ...................................... 12 4,947 9,051 255.0 667 95 31.5

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 24,617 36,562 38.5 906 60 30.5

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 8,221 9,079 26.0 952 55 33.5

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 10,129 15,894 89.0 906 80 25.5

 Six or More ..................................... 13 6,268 11,589 360.0 650 168 24.5

Any Escalators .................................. 6 2,350 4,048 190.0 1,000 65 34.5

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 15,492 4,633 3.0 1,550 45 31.5

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 6,166 5,080 4.8 717 50 31.5

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 7,803 7,305 7.7 600 55 27.5

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 10,989 11,780 15.5 575 60 28.5

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 7,934 9,545 36.0 580 60 26.5

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 6,871 11,093 67.0 450 68 25.5

250 or More ...................................... 30 9,528 23,371 180.0 381 72 21.5

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 6,863 3,293 3.1 1,500 10 36.5

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 11,622 13,765 4.5 850 40 30.5

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 15,723 19,146 5.0 900 55 30.5

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 10,334 11,630 6.3 1,029 72 31.5

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 7,092 10,473 5.0 880 105 23.5

Open Continuously ........................... 475 13,149 14,499 5.7 1,250 168 20.5

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 49,421 53,339 4.5 1,000 50 29.5

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 23,591 27,111 5.0 1,000 50 31.5

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 23,914 26,228 4.0 1,000 55 27.5

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 1,916 0 3.7 N 0 43.5

Government Owned .......................... 635 15,363 19,468 6.2 975 45 31.5

 Federal ........................................... 46 1,956 2,432 6.6 900 60 34.5

 State ............................................... 164 3,808 7,204 5.5 808 45 30.5

 Local ............................................... 425 9,599 9,832 6.2 1,050 45 31.5

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 2,161 0 2.8 N 0 43.5

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 406 64 11.3 6,625 20 38.5

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 12,382 16,997 5.7 1,053 50 28.5

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 49,834 55,746 4.5 1,000 50 29.5

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

10
Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total 

Workers in 

All Buildings 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Building 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Worker

Median 

Hours per 

Week

Median 

Age of 

Buildings 

(years)

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 64,783 72,807 4.6 1,000 50 30.5

Table B2. Summary Table: Totals and Medians of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 45,144 44,071 4.3 1,075 50 29.5

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 10,960 13,001 5.4 825 50 31.5

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 1,958 Q 20.0 586 60 28.5

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 1,951 3,342 34.0 614 55 19.5

More than 20 ..................................... 14 2,609 5,930 49.5 450 55 31.5

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 2,161 0 2.8 N 0 43.5

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 32,817 36,770 5.5 930 50 36.5

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 10,832 10,463 4.0 1,025 50 34.5

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 6,559 10,891 12.8 950 55 21.5

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 4,120 4,567 2.6 775 49 30.5

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 7,912 6,235 4.7 1,500 49 17.5

Window Glass ................................... 17 1,024 1,910 10.0 833 60 28.5

Other ................................................ 47 1,113 1,541 3.6 1,333 50 32.5

No One Major Type ........................... 18 406 430 8.5 1,025 50 22.5

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 21,170 25,828 5.6 833 54 36.5

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 10,195 10,462 3.9 1,000 48 33.5

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 11,944 8,461 4.5 1,400 50 18.5

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 14,730 20,783 8.0 833 60 38.5

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 2,462 3,021 4.0 750 50 30.5

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 887 973 2.5 750 45 38.5

Concrete ........................................... 61 2,231 1,958 6.0 573 58 35.5

Other ................................................ 16 598 652 14.5 878 51 21.5

No One Major Type ........................... 25 565 669 8.0 857 70 38.5

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 17,844 20,481 5.4 1,000 50 48.5

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 6,551 6,668 6.4 1,000 55 41.5

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 1,012 1,078 23.8 1,333 70 51.5

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 13,119 15,890 5.2 1,000 50 50.5

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 8,070 10,121 6.1 1,050 50 48.5

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 8,518 11,188 5.8 867 50 48.5

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 10,768 13,849 8.0 975 51 49.5

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 10,275 12,452 7.8 933 50 50.5

 Window Replacement .................... 310 6,354 7,462 6.5 938 50 51.5

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 7,144 8,764 7.5 984 55 53.5

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 4,015 5,019 4.5 950 47 53.5

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 523 476 10.5 1,550 75 66.5

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 18,714 16,637 4.3 1,133 48 43.5

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 28,225 35,689 4.5 920 50 10.5

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

11
Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total 

Workers in 

All Buildings 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Building 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Worker

Median 

Hours per 

Week

Median 

Age of 

Buildings 

(years)

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 64,783 72,807 4.6 1,000 50 30.5

Table B2. Summary Table: Totals and Medians of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 63,307 72,708 4.8 1,000 50 30.5

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 43,468 51,956 5.9 960 54 33.5

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 15,157 19,625 5.6 1,150 50 38.5

District Heat ...................................... 67 5,443 10,190 26.5 950 60 41.5

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 2,853 7,189 38.0 833 70 28.5

Propane ............................................ 502 7,076 5,858 4.1 1,175 50 26.5

Wood ................................................ 62 289 262 2.4 1,500 40 35.5

Coal .................................................. Q Q Q 3.7 1,159 50 26.5

Solar ................................................. Q Q Q 2.4 2,400 112 18.5

Other ................................................ 61 909 1,190 7.0 1,200 50 29.5

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,766 28,600 33,903 5.0 900 50 25.5

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,165 36,959 40,933 5.8 971 50 33.5

Fuel Oil ............................................. 360 5,988 5,386 4.8 1,200 49 45.5

District Heat ...................................... 65 5,198 9,939 25.0 950 60 41.5

Propane ............................................ 372 3,204 3,002 3.5 1,200 45 23.5

Wood ................................................ 59 261 191 2.4 1,500 40 35.5

Coal .................................................. Q Q Q 3.7 1,167 50 26.5

Solar ................................................. Q Q Q 112.0 320 55 37.5

Other ................................................ 41 475 527 6.0 1,344 50 27.5

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 1,258 15,996 19,392 4.3 890 50 23.5

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,999 32,970 36,773 5.6 950 50 34.5

Fuel Oil ............................................. 282 3,818 2,669 4.0 1,200 48 48.5

District Heat ...................................... 63 4,907 9,729 25.0 917 60 41.5

Propane ............................................ 308 1,955 1,915 3.3 1,125 45 23.5

Wood ................................................ Q Q Q 2.2 1,500 40 35.5

Coal .................................................. Q Q Q 2.5 1,100 44 27.5

Solar.................................................. N N N N N N N

Other ................................................ Q Q Q 4 1,667 45 28

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 3,589 54,321 63,221 5.0 933 50 29.5

Natural Gas ...................................... 17 1,018 1,342 12.8 756 60 25.5

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 2,853 7,189 38.0 833 70 28.5

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,910 27,490 32,638 5.0 975 50 27.5

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,445 28,820 35,740 6.7 938 56 33.5

Fuel Oil ............................................. 94 1,880 2,036 5.5 1,040 63 47.5

District Heat ...................................... 27 3,088 4,193 39.5 725 78 39.5

Propane ............................................ 128 1,422 1,527 5.0 875 66 32.5

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 410 13,161 16,034 7.0 867 72 29.5

Natural Gas ...................................... 457 15,438 19,011 7.0 833 77 33.5

Propane ............................................ 108 1,460 1,866 4.1 717 77 30.5

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

12
Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total 

Workers in 

All Buildings 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Building 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Worker

Median 

Hours per 

Week

Median 

Age of 

Buildings 

(years)

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 64,783 72,807 4.6 1,000 50 30.5

Table B2. Summary Table: Totals and Medians of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 60,028 70,778 5.0 980 50 30.5

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 56,940 70,153 5.0 932 50 29.5

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 56,478 69,224 5.1 938 50 30.5

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 22,237 27,242 6.4 833 72 31.5

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 3,138 2,879 8.0 1,143 50 30.5

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 12,821 19,273 30.0 843 78 23.5

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 4,756 2,029 3.2 1,250 49 23.5

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 6,850 4,135 5.0 1,500 50 29.5

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 8,107 9,618 5.0 933 54 33.5

100 ................................................... 2,962 45,071 57,024 4.8 889 50 30.5

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 7,843 2,654 3.2 1,500 42 33.5

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 16,598 11,094 6.9 1,500 50 32.5

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 13,211 16,510 6.1 900 56 31.5

100 ................................................... 2,011 27,132 42,549 4.2 730 50 27.5

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 47 293 95 3.6 1,700 168 9.5

1 to 50 .............................................. 929 10,203 4,414 4.6 1,800 50 36.5

51 to 99 ............................................. 1,108 18,288 26,635 5.6 900 50 30.5

100 ................................................... 2,176 32,789 41,552 4.8 800 50 28.5

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 386 3,210 111 3.2 1,750 0 28.5

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 1,964 17,385 18,080 3.6 1,114 44 30.5

1 to 50 .............................................. 1,882 30,948 37,362 5.5 889 53 31.5

51 to 100 ........................................... 136 2,093 2,777 4.1 775 54 28.5

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 664 14,357 14,588 4.8 1,450 168 20.5

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 8,814 10,754 5.0 857 50 21.5

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 5,442 7,472 5.0 860 50 23.5

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 2,581 2,769 4.7 900 50 19.5

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 2,691 2,979 18.3 953 55 31.5

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 19,615 18,616 4.6 1,025 50 33.5

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 12,545 12,878 5.0 1,000 50 32.5

District Heat ...................................... 65 5,166 9,838 23.3 957 60 41.5

Boilers .............................................. 579 20,423 23,472 11.5 1,068 55 46.5

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 18,021 22,588 6.0 800 54 23.5

Other ................................................ 205 3,262 3,475 4.2 1,250 50 27.5

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

13
Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total 

Workers in 

All Buildings 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Building 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Worker

Median 

Hours per 

Week

Median 

Age of 

Buildings 

(years)

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 64,783 72,807 4.6 1,000 50 30.5

Table B2. Summary Table: Totals and Medians of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 11,035 11,438 4.2 900 50 30.5

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 9,041 10,961 5.0 867 50 21.5

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 5,426 7,489 5.0 867 50 22.5

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 2,606 2,764 4.0 1,000 50 19.5

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 2,940 3,262 18.3 940 55 30.5

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 12,558 11,477 5.0 1,158 50 40.5

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 2,853 7,189 38.0 833 70 28.5

Central Chillers ................................. 111 11,636 17,545 48.0 889 60 30.5

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 29,969 35,810 6.5 880 55 28.5

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 1,561 1,655 5.8 1,273 52 30.5

Other ................................................ 40 1,232 1,682 15.0 875 60 28.5

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 16,403 16,978 5.0 1,050 50 38.5

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 20,995 24,553 5.5 968 50 39.5

Water Heating Equipment

Centralized System ........................... 2,513 34,671 39,948 5.0 900 53 29.5

Distributed System ............................ 785 11,540 11,842 5.0 1,018 48 31.5

Combination of Centralized

 and Distributed System .................... 175 10,267 17,434 23.3 958 60 28.5

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 2,184 38,528 48,802 5.2 1,000 51 34.5

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 3,943 59,688 70,943 5.0 1,000 50 30.5

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 941 27,571 36,563 8.0 850 58 29.5

High Intensity Discharge ................... 455 20,643 26,080 14.0 1,214 60 25.5

Halogen ............................................ 565 17,703 22,892 8.5 800 56 25.5

Other ................................................ 8 269 604 2.9 375 119 20.5

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may apply)

a

Any Refrigeration............................... 3,176 52,974 65,564 5.0 933 54 30.5

 Commercial Refrigeration ............... 1,007 26,768 32,287 5.5 900 80 30.5

 Walk-In Units ................................ 666 20,254 25,289 5.1 833 84 28.5

 Cases or Cabinets ........................ 825 20,424 25,417 5.0 900 80 31.5

 Residential-Type Units .................... 2,370 38,884 47,846 5.3 938 50 30.5

 Vending Machines .......................... 996 35,335 45,904 12.0 1,000 60 28.5

No Refrigeration ................................ 1,469 11,809 7,243 3.6 1,200 42 30.5

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 55,627 69,046 6.0 896 50 28.5

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 26,417 42,188 8.3 700 53 27.5

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 36,338 52,509 10.0 692 55 26.5

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 33,012 40,085 6.0 960 50 30.5

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 32,210 43,906 7.1 781 51 27.5

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 52,373 66,994 6.0 833 52 29.5

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 46,257 61,340 8.0 808 50 29.5

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

14
Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total 

Workers in 

All Buildings 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Building 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Worker

Median 

Hours per 

Week

Median 

Age of 

Buildings 

(years)

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 64,783 72,807 4.6 1,000 50 30.5

Table B2. Summary Table: Totals and Medians of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 9,156 3,761 2.8 1,333 42 32.5

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 12,395 8,684 4.0 1,200 50 30.5

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 7,179 6,010 6.1 750 50 27.5

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 6,610 6,847 8.3 650 50 25.5

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 7,414 9,387 15.5 596 55 28.5

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 5,376 6,937 30.0 632 55 28.5

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 6,690 8,865 65.0 738 60 27.5

250 or More ...................................... 38 9,963 22,316 158.0 571 70 24.5

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 28,445 20,298 3.6 1,200 50 31.5

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 24,116 26,711 8.9 738 54 26.5

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 3,864 6,045 30.0 538 60 20.5

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 3,027 8,615 45.0 375 65 21.5

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 2,583 4,793 52.0 433 60 24.5

50 or More ........................................ 10 2,748 6,345 100.0 278 60 38.5

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 18,526 11,467 3.2 1,200 50 30.5

One ................................................... 1,250 15,475 12,549 6.0 988 50 30.5

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 15,082 17,284 12.0 675 54 28.5

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 5,515 10,674 33.0 520 60 26.5

10 or More ........................................ 54 10,185 20,833 92.0 443 60 24.5

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 22,223 27,242 6.5 833 72 31.5

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 19,482 21,756 10.0 1,125 76 31.5

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 26,873 37,820 16.0 750 54 26.5

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 19,597 30,768 11.0 740 58 21.5

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 21,108 32,317 11.0 794 60 23.5

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 51,163 63,597 6.0 900 52 28.5

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 15,630 21,642 23.8 880 60 20.5

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 38,910 43,977 5.6 975 50 25.5

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 29,887 40,426 6.8 953 53 25.5

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 8,544 12,301 6.0 867 50 23.5

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 17,242 22,365 5.0 933 54 30.5

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 12,546 14,163 9.9 1,333 56 24.5

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 2,868 3,775 8.2 1,025 60 25.5

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 26,118 33,030 7.0 900 50 27.5

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 46,882 59,003 5.2 1,000 50 28.5

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 4,781 7,098 25.0 833 65 14.5

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

15
Number of 

Buildings 

(thousand)

Total 

Floorspace 

(million 

square feet)

Total 

Workers in 

All Buildings 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Building 

(thousand)

Median 

Square Feet 

per Worker

Median 

Hours per 

Week

Median 

Age of 

Buildings 

(years)

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 64,783 72,807 4.6 1,000 50 30.5

Table B2. Summary Table: Totals and Medians of Floorspace, Number of Workers, 

and Hours of Operation for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 42,722 49,300 5.0 980 50 31.5

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 43,205 53,990 5.0 920 50 30.5

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 46,987 56,421 4.8 975 50 31.5

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 19,397 20,147 5.0 975 48 30.5

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See 

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

16
All

Buildings*

NortheastMidwest South WestAll

Buildings*

NortheastMidwest South West

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 726 1,266 1,775 878 64,783 12,905 17,080 23,489 11,310

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 364 725 965 498 6,789 1,025 1,895 2,533 1,336

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 149 213 361 165 6,585 1,123 1,565 2,658 1,239

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 127 198 278 135 11,535 1,972 3,098 4,378 2,087

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 36 71 88 46 8,668 1,292 2,567 3,168 1,643

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 27 34 49 19 9,057 2,040 2,260 3,435 1,322

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 15 17 25 8 9,064 2,117 2,296 3,475 1,177

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 6875 7,176 1,781 2,196 1,914 1,286

Over 500,000 .................................... 72122 5,908 1,556 1,203 1,928 1,221

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 31 63 156 136 9,874 1,683 2,541 3,983 1,667

Food Sales ....................................... 226 40 57 94 Q 1,255 238 320 487 Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 37 88 127 45 1,654 172 453 764 265

Health Care ....................................... 129 18 31 48 31 3,163 535 798 1,277 553

 Inpatient .......................................... 81241 1,905 358 438 838 270

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 17 29 44 30 1,258 177 359 438 283

Lodging ............................................. 142 27 34 52 30 5,096 1,171 1,144 1,694 1,087

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 76 111 197 60 4,317 630 880 1,844 963

Office ................................................ 824 155 231 250 187 12,208 3,012 2,989 3,782 2,425

Public Assembly ............................... 277 63 57 92 65 3,939 1,048 1,012 1,174 706

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 23 20 15 Q 1,090 362 221 373 Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 52 107 158 53 3,754 627 1,115 1,498 515

Service .............................................. 622 100 221 198 103 4,050 740 1,289 1,358 664

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 65 160 277 95 10,078 1,523 3,017 3,966 1,572

Other ................................................ 79 17 31 21 9 1,738 649 316 Q 186

Vacant .............................................. 182 23 55 88 Q 2,567 517 984 701 Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 122 139 47 21 3,769 1,406 1,552 516 295

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 121 163 152 91 6,871 2,504 2,099 1,348 920

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 105 157 161 138 7,045 2,094 2,027 1,795 1,128

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 108 131 192 148 8,101 1,737 2,229 2,538 1,597

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 71 196 297 167 10,772 1,723 3,237 3,726 2,086

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 97 163 351 95 10,332 1,374 1,949 4,768 2,241

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 69 228 411 168 12,360 1,370 2,746 6,241 2,004

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 31 90 163 51 5,533 698 1,240 2,557 1,038

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 204 445 N 206 10,622 2,416 5,615 N 2,591

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 329 641 N 202 17,335 5,398 9,867 N 2,070

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 193 Q 273 28 11,504 5,092 1,597 4,122 693

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 N N 870 406 15,739 N N 10,338 5,401

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 N N 633 36 9,584 N N 9,029 555

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 312 801 1,381 642 25,981 3,151 6,104 11,757 4,969

Two ................................................... 1,031 230 328 289 183 16,270 3,029 5,177 4,946 3,118

Three ................................................ 339 130 107 68 35 7,501 2,083 2,584 1,938 896

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 50 29 33 16 10,085 3,003 2,660 3,094 1,328

Ten or More ...................................... 12 4243 4,947 1,640 555 1,754 999

Table B3. Census Region, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

17
All

Buildings*

NortheastMidwest South WestAll

Buildings*

NortheastMidwest South West

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 726 1,266 1,775 878 64,783 12,905 17,080 23,489 11,310

Table B3. Census Region, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 71 107 91 41 24,617 6,137 6,677 7,949 3,855

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 45 82 58 24 8,221 1,585 3,084 2,475 1,077

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 22 23 28 14 10,129 2,971 2,704 3,094 1,360

 Six or More ..................................... 13 4243 6,268 1,581 889 2,380 1,418

Any Escalators .................................. 6 2 Q 2 Q 2,350 541 Q 1,002 Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 363 787 1,033 469 15,492 2,376 4,958 5,670 2,489

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 137 173 317 151 6,166 1,085 1,463 2,595 1,023

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 110 145 200 108 7,803 1,872 2,081 2,741 1,109

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 66 102 136 94 10,989 2,314 2,856 3,883 1,935

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 27 37 50 33 7,934 1,598 2,311 2,654 1,370

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 16 15 28 18 6,871 1,331 1,609 2,534 1,397

250 or More ...................................... 30 7 6 10 6 9,528 2,329 1,800 3,413 1,986

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 112 309 410 172 6,863 923 2,300 2,544 1,096

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 158 283 438 238 11,622 2,111 2,783 4,567 2,161

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 184 289 378 210 15,723 3,098 4,614 5,556 2,455

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 114 155 215 107 10,334 2,048 2,583 3,754 1,950

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 73 108 155 63 7,092 1,317 2,008 2,459 1,308

Open Continuously ........................... 475 86 123 178 88 13,149 3,407 2,793 4,608 2,340

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 642 1,118 1,563 689 49,421 10,389 12,470 17,826 8,736

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 365 557 598 321 23,591 5,904 6,171 7,869 3,648

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 261 518 888 362 23,914 4,204 5,539 9,358 4,813

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 Q 43 77 Q 1,916 Q 760 600 Q

Government Owned .......................... 635 84 149 212 190 15,363 2,517 4,610 5,662 2,574

 Federal ........................................... 46 Q 11 6 Q 1,956 Q Q 521 Q

 State ............................................... 164 25 24 50 66 3,808 599 764 1,718 727

 Local ............................................... 425 51 114 156 103 9,599 1,706 2,925 3,423 1,545

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 Q 47 84 Q 2,161 Q 892 652 Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q Q Q Q 406 Q Q Q Q

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 100 138 213 98 12,382 3,117 3,119 4,061 2,085

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 603 1,073 1,474 765 49,834 9,271 12,976 18,726 8,860

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 559 1,047 1,444 704 45,144 8,061 12,359 16,947 7,776

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 130 157 215 141 10,960 2,517 2,803 3,740 1,900

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 12 12 16 15 1,958 571 510 550 327

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 5297 1,951 722 301 589 340

More than 20 ..................................... 14 3 Q 7 3 2,609 696 Q 1,011 688

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 Q 47 84 Q 2,161 Q 892 652 Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

18
All

Buildings*

NortheastMidwest South WestAll

Buildings*

NortheastMidwest South West

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 726 1,266 1,775 878 64,783 12,905 17,080 23,489 11,310

Table B3. Census Region, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 331 520 789 403 32,817 7,248 9,248 11,574 4,747

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 120 222 347 97 10,832 2,184 2,887 3,985 1,777

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 10 23 51 46 6,559 599 1,230 2,758 1,972

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 193 233 202 150 4,120 1,193 1,183 1,045 698

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 58 245 359 162 7,912 1,054 1,880 3,426 1,552

Window Glass ................................... 17 Q Q 10 Q 1,024 Q Q 280 Q

Other ................................................ 47 Q 13 Q Q 1,113 Q 303 Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 18 Q Q Q Q 406 Q Q Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 176 252 387 221 21,170 4,068 5,262 7,430 4,411

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 260 412 442 211 10,195 2,022 3,199 3,325 1,649

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 97 329 610 252 11,944 1,027 2,663 6,309 1,946

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 119 198 134 60 14,730 4,116 4,443 4,298 1,873

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 41 35 109 77 2,462 480 306 1,056 620

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 Q Q 53 39 887 Q Q 301 244

Concrete ........................................... 61 Q Q 27 13 2,231 Q Q 426 400

Other ................................................ 16 Q Q Q Q 598 Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 25 Q Q Q Q 565 Q Q Q Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 225 327 290 177 17,844 5,104 5,437 4,462 2,841

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 46 74 85 51 6,551 1,797 1,970 1,804 979

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 8 Q Q Q 1,012 404 Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 177 225 212 126 13,119 3,952 3,879 3,105 2,183

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 105 122 89 54 8,070 2,676 2,238 1,863 1,294

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 118 129 81 82 8,518 2,489 2,586 1,936 1,507

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 116 140 114 71 10,768 3,027 3,332 2,584 1,825

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 130 132 108 85 10,275 3,350 3,059 2,092 1,775

 Window Replacement .................... 310 108 86 51 65 6,354 2,750 1,847 916 842

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 93 86 69 68 7,144 2,511 1,898 1,366 1,369

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 69 72 50 36 4,015 1,370 1,212 857 576

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 Q Q Q Q 523 Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 304 459 560 388 18,714 4,360 5,708 5,462 3,185

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 197 481 925 314 28,225 3,441 5,935 13,565 5,283

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 710 1,189 1,654 851 63,307 12,809 16,701 22,766 11,030

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 397 802 714 479 43,468 9,181 13,163 13,311 7,813

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 254 76 84 37 15,157 6,080 2,832 4,122 2,123

District Heat ...................................... 67 17 13 21 15 5,443 1,363 1,648 1,766 667

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 6 4 14 9 2,853 620 596 1,150 487

Propane ............................................ 502 73 173 176 80 7,076 1,354 2,189 2,360 1,173

Other ................................................ 132 26 42 28 37 1,401 222 505 306 367

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

19
All

Buildings*

NortheastMidwest South WestAll

Buildings*

NortheastMidwest South West

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 726 1,266 1,775 878 64,783 12,905 17,080 23,489 11,310

Table B3. Census Region, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 672 1,112 1,462 735 60,028 12,596 16,331 20,998 10,102

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 519 957 1,479 671 56,940 10,954 14,484 21,553 9,950

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 600 987 1,217 668 56,478 11,789 14,928 19,913 9,848

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 157 206 304 134 22,237 5,016 5,850 7,881 3,489

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 30 30 33 26 3,138 1,013 798 642 685

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 42 40 41 26 12,821 3,245 3,317 4,017 2,241

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 54 154 312 143 4,756 309 748 2,491 1,208

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 74 117 236 95 6,850 1,387 1,130 2,841 1,491

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 84 141 168 105 8,107 1,539 1,727 2,891 1,950

100 ................................................... 2,962 514 853 1,059 535 45,071 9,671 13,474 15,266 6,661

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 208 309 296 208 7,843 1,952 2,596 1,936 1,359

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 184 293 366 142 16,598 4,270 4,757 4,915 2,656

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 97 197 195 140 13,211 3,101 3,761 3,903 2,446

100 ................................................... 2,011 237 467 918 388 27,132 3,582 5,966 12,735 4,849

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 47 Q Q Q Q 293 Q Q Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 929 187 279 281 182 10,203 2,750 2,753 3,189 1,512

51 to 99 ............................................. 1,108 170 355 357 227 18,288 3,599 5,299 6,134 3,256

100 ................................................... 2,176 327 488 936 425 32,789 6,051 7,781 12,874 6,083

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 386 37 140 171 37 3,210 465 1,227 1,108 Q

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 1,964 289 541 735 399 17,385 2,807 5,174 6,292 3,112

1 to 50 .............................................. 1,882 329 512 707 334 30,948 6,279 8,293 11,027 5,349

51 to 100 ........................................... 136 Q 29 61 33 2,093 Q 499 1,013 238

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 664 94 185 272 113 14,357 3,476 3,114 5,157 2,611

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 47 45 304 80 8,814 1,213 1,058 4,942 1,600

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 30 27 173 48 5,442 744 738 2,928 1,031

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 Q Q 113 Q 2,581 Q Q 1,862 368

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 5 6 33 13 2,691 544 358 1,250 538

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 310 736 467 352 19,615 3,596 7,229 5,715 3,075

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 122 242 271 185 12,545 2,786 4,169 3,608 1,981

District Heat ...................................... 65 17 13 20 15 5,166 1,245 1,623 1,683 615

Boilers .............................................. 579 227 175 88 89 20,423 6,228 6,141 4,393 3,662

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 95 151 532 175 18,021 2,912 3,666 8,130 3,312

Other ................................................ 205 22 80 56 47 3,262 579 820 1,381 481

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

20
All

Buildings*

NortheastMidwest South WestAll

Buildings*

NortheastMidwest South West

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 726 1,266 1,775 878 64,783 12,905 17,080 23,489 11,310

Table B3. Census Region, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 144 363 360 138 11,035 2,391 3,609 3,854 1,181

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 59 49 303 81 9,041 1,270 1,063 4,923 1,785

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 42 30 170 46 5,426 788 760 2,849 1,030

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 Q Q 116 Q 2,606 Q Q 1,868 404

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 6 6 33 13 2,940 557 358 1,290 734

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 179 209 229 125 12,558 3,687 3,488 3,635 1,749

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 6 4 14 9 2,853 620 596 1,150 487

Central Chillers ................................. 111 10 29 50 22 11,636 1,852 2,842 4,854 2,088

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 202 425 681 304 29,969 6,000 8,086 10,401 5,482

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 Q Q Q 113 1,561 Q Q Q 1,342

Other ................................................ 40 Q 10 12 Q 1,232 Q 330 430 Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 216 365 432 184 16,403 3,974 5,026 4,815 2,588

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 266 376 481 233 20,995 5,453 5,752 6,415 3,374

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 504 814 1,120 643 55,627 11,518 14,415 19,715 9,980

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 189 216 305 166 26,417 5,995 6,346 9,135 4,940

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 230 319 367 258 36,338 8,143 9,252 12,649 6,294

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 344 505 718 403 33,012 7,095 8,463 11,566 5,888

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 222 379 506 314 32,210 6,415 8,305 11,480 6,009

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 474 701 1,006 533 52,373 11,173 13,295 18,782 9,123

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 352 494 687 407 46,257 9,893 11,859 16,312 8,193

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 222 452 655 235 9,156 1,388 2,664 3,774 1,330

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 253 446 646 325 12,395 2,081 3,743 4,419 2,151

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 103 150 199 108 7,179 1,604 1,938 2,538 1,099

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 63 102 114 91 6,610 1,321 1,690 2,403 1,196

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 47 61 77 70 7,414 1,504 1,932 2,425 1,554

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 15 25 42 28 5,376 1,157 1,049 2,102 1,068

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 14 21 29 15 6,690 1,260 1,851 2,262 1,317

250 or More ...................................... 38 9 9 13 6 9,963 2,590 2,213 3,565 1,595

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 496 947 1,407 620 28,445 4,763 7,828 10,839 5,015

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 210 290 326 234 24,116 5,247 6,567 8,208 4,093

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 9 15 19 16 3,864 914 966 1,313 671

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 4 7 15 4 3,027 578 773 1,126 552

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 4464 2,583 493 334 1,265 491

50 or More ........................................ 10 3 Q 2 1 2,748 912 Q 737 487

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 374 773 1,088 472 18,526 3,012 5,221 7,176 3,117

One ................................................... 1,250 208 332 463 247 15,475 3,027 4,235 5,460 2,753

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 113 130 173 133 15,082 2,944 4,026 5,518 2,594

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 21 20 30 14 5,515 1,518 1,401 1,782 814

10 or More ........................................ 54 11 11 20 13 10,185 2,404 2,196 3,553 2,032

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

21
All

Buildings*

NortheastMidwest South WestAll

Buildings*

NortheastMidwest South West

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 726 1,266 1,775 878 64,783 12,905 17,080 23,489 11,310

Table B3. Census Region, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 157 206 303 134 22,223 5,016 5,850 7,880 3,478

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 93 134 207 133 19,482 3,922 5,225 6,903 3,432

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 99 134 190 130 26,873 5,925 6,482 9,397 5,070

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 62 107 180 116 19,597 3,780 5,001 7,348 3,468

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 90 136 138 144 21,108 4,141 5,884 6,632 4,452

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 498 642 878 563 51,163 11,047 13,128 17,641 9,347

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 28 55 101 68 15,630 3,002 3,799 5,802 3,027

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 427 742 651 381 38,910 9,308 11,761 12,305 5,536

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 140 339 572 272 29,887 4,958 7,319 11,950 5,660

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 47 77 103 81 8,544 1,661 2,165 3,010 1,707

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 149 352 463 269 17,242 2,687 4,225 6,785 3,545

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 57 90 110 74 12,546 2,892 3,267 3,922 2,466

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 Q 25 16 24 2,868 428 815 674 951

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 160 291 282 195 26,118 5,834 7,709 7,871 4,703

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 384 767 896 530 46,882 9,288 12,610 16,459 8,525

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 6 11 21 23 4,781 849 1,292 1,471 1,169

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 510 757 1,040 571 42,722 9,519 10,908 14,655 7,639

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 416 676 1,129 539 43,205 8,812 10,469 16,094 7,829

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 591 996 1,384 715 46,987 8,706 12,884 17,115 8,282

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 263 386 556 298 19,397 4,269 5,412 6,426 3,291

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web 

site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide 

to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

22
New 

England

Middle 

Atlantic

East

North 

Central

West 

North 

Central

South 

Atlantic

East

South 

Central

West 

South 

Central Mountain Pacific

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 233 493 696 571 874 348 553 299 580

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 127 237 369 356 457 215 294 165 333

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 48 101 117 97 189 56 116 56 110

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 37 90 122 75 139 51 88 54 81

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 10 26 44 27 47 15 26 14 32

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 7 21 24 10 21 10 18 5 13

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 3 12 12 5 16 Q 8 Q 6

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 Q 6 6 1 4 Q 2 1 3

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 Q 1 1 Q 1 Q Q Q 1

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 Q 21 34 29 87 Q 56 39 97

Food Sales ....................................... 226 Q Q 43 Q 49 Q Q Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 Q 27 54 34 61 24 42 Q 34

Health Care ....................................... 129 Q 17 20 11 27 11 10 13 18

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 Q 1 1 Q Q Q 1 Q 1

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 Q Q 19 Q 25 Q Q Q 17

Lodging ............................................. 142 Q 9 15 19 26 13 13 16 14

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 Q 46 69 42 106 42 49 21 39

Office ................................................ 824 47 108 134 97 125 41 84 62 125

Public Assembly ............................... 277 Q 29 25 31 44 Q 38 Q 48

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 Q 41 62 46 77 35 46 Q 33

Service .............................................. 622 Q 79 95 126 101 51 46 42 61

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 Q 46 95 66 125 58 93 31 64

Other ................................................ 79 Q 10 23 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 Q Q 24 Q 35 Q 37 Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 54 69 82 57 31 Q Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 27 95 97 66 51 40 61 Q 75

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 Q 79 96 61 87 32 41 Q 106

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 Q 75 69 62 107 33 52 63 85

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 26 45 112 84 128 71 98 67 100

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 32 65 88 74 186 48 117 41 54

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 Q 46 107 121 206 80 125 49 119

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 Q 20 44 46 78 37 47 19 32

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 91 221 412 389 668 262 450 225 417

Two ................................................... 1,031 85 145 184 144 138 67 84 54 128

Three ................................................ 339 37 93 78 29 41 14 12 13 22

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 19 31 21 8 25 4 5 Q 10

Ten or More ...................................... 12 Q 3 2 Q Q Q 1 Q 2

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 20 51 71 36 54 14 23 12 29

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 13 31 52 30 34 9 15 9 15

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 5 17 17 6 18 4 6 3 11

 Six or More ..................................... 13 Q 3 1 Q 2 Q 1 Q 2

Any Escalators .................................. 6 Q 2 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Table B4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Northeast Midwest South West

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

23
New 

England

Middle 

Atlantic

East

North 

Central

West 

North 

Central

South 

Atlantic

East

South 

Central

West 

South 

Central Mountain Pacific

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 233 493 696 571 874 348 553 299 580

Table B4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Northeast Midwest South West

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 131 232 398 390 473 238 322 164 305

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 40 97 104 69 159 53 105 40 111

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 32 78 85 60 113 22 64 40 67

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 17 49 68 34 70 26 40 36 57

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 Q 21 26 11 33 Q 13 12 21

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 Q 11 10 5 19 Q 5 5 14

250 or More ...................................... 30 Q 6 5 1 6 Q 3 1 5

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 Q 73 163 146 196 95 119 57 115

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 52 106 134 149 210 78 150 87 151

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 50 134 174 115 199 72 107 59 151

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 35 79 86 69 109 35 71 39 68

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 Q 55 77 31 81 Q 56 20 43

Open Continuously ........................... 475 39 46 62 61 78 Q 51 36 52

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 200 442 618 500 765 308 489 239 450

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 119 246 312 246 305 110 182 108 213

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 80 181 284 234 428 187 273 130 231

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 Q Q 22 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Government Owned .......................... 635 33 51 78 71 109 39 64 60 130

 Federal ........................................... 46 Q Q 6 Q 2 Q Q Q Q

 State ............................................... 164 Q 17 9 Q 27 15 Q Q 59

 Local ............................................... 425 20 32 63 52 79 23 54 35 68

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 Q Q 22 Q 35 Q 35 Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 41 59 70 68 93 48 72 41 56

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 186 417 601 472 746 284 445 253 511

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 182 376 571 476 704 308 432 242 462

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 42 88 94 63 116 20 79 46 95

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 Q 8 6 Q 10 Q Q Q 9

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

More than 20 ..................................... 14 Q 3 Q Q Q Q 2 Q 3

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 Q Q 22 Q 35 Q 35 Q Q

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 63 267 363 157 418 148 223 126 277

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 13 106 148 74 175 74 98 31 66

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 Q 9 13 10 16 Q 31 10 36

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 138 56 81 152 117 Q 51 Q 101

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 Q 44 79 166 136 79 144 78 85

Window Glass ................................... 17 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 47 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 18 Q Q Q Q Q N Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

24
New 

England

Middle 

Atlantic

East

North 

Central

West 

North 

Central

South 

Atlantic

East

South 

Central

West 

South 

Central Mountain Pacific

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 233 493 696 571 874 348 553 299 580

Table B4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Northeast Midwest South West

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 34 142 165 88 211 57 119 72 149

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 125 134 237 175 234 101 107 65 147

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 Q 69 112 217 244 132 234 121 131

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 20 98 134 64 78 26 31 22 38

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 Q 31 29 Q 66 Q 20 Q 66

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 33

Concrete ........................................... 61 Q Q Q Q Q N Q Q 12

Other ................................................ 16 Q Q Q Q Q N Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 25 Q Q Q Q Q N Q N Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 82 143 184 143 137 67 86 62 115

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 Q 34 36 38 40 21 24 27 25

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 57 120 119 105 95 53 64 41 85

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 50 56 66 56 29 30 30 15 39

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 48 70 73 57 32 23 26 33 49

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 40 76 73 67 52 23 38 25 46

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 48 82 70 62 60 21 27 29 56

 Window Replacement .................... 310 47 61 55 32 27 Q 16 20 44

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 36 56 47 39 43 9 17 26 42

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 Q 38 41 31 26 Q 16 Q 25

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 Q Q Q N Q Q N Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 84 220 272 187 266 116 178 128 260

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 67 131 240 241 470 165 290 108 205

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 228 482 659 531 835 312 507 285 565

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 74 323 546 255 308 155 251 190 289

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 122 132 35 41 59 15 11 10 27

District Heat ...................................... 67 Q 12 8 Q 15 Q Q 7 8

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q 6 3 Q 9 Q 3 Q 6

Propane ............................................ 502 50 23 30 143 104 44 Q 41 Q

Other ................................................ 132 Q Q 19 22 Q Q Q Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 211 461 633 479 746 283 433 273 462

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 130 388 550 408 761 262 456 237 434

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 188 411 572 415 643 227 347 256 413

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 53 104 131 75 149 59 96 46 88

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 Q 19 18 Q 16 Q Q Q 19

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 12 30 26 14 26 Q 8 11 15

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 Q Q 63 91 128 64 120 Q 118

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 Q 40 65 52 103 46 87 Q 68

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 28 56 83 58 85 29 54 28 76

100 ................................................... 2,962 149 365 484 369 558 209 292 218 318

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

25
New 

England

Middle 

Atlantic

East

North 

Central

West 

North 

Central

South 

Atlantic

East

South 

Central

West 

South 

Central Mountain Pacific

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 233 493 696 571 874 348 553 299 580

Table B4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Northeast Midwest South West

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 103 105 146 163 113 86 97 62 146

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 53 131 165 128 185 54 127 63 79

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 28 70 112 85 103 29 62 51 89

100 ................................................... 2,011 50 188 272 195 473 178 268 123 265

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 47 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 929 71 116 149 130 134 50 97 55 127

51 to 99 ............................................. 1,108 73 97 194 161 175 54 128 77 150

100 ................................................... 2,176 79 248 284 204 497 183 256 148 277

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 386 Q Q 66 74 59 Q 68 Q Q

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 1,964 103 185 254 287 388 120 227 137 262

1 to 50 .............................................. 1,882 84 245 325 187 344 144 219 112 222

51 to 100 ........................................... 136 Q Q 21 Q 34 Q 20 Q 30

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 664 41 54 96 88 108 77 87 46 67

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 Q 42 15 30 223 50 31 11 69

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 Q 27 11 Q 127 Q 26 Q 38

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 Q Q Q Q 82 27 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q 4 Q Q 26 Q Q Q 12

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 92 218 424 312 199 100 168 162 190

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 44 77 122 120 112 Q 81 69 117

District Heat ...................................... 65 Q 12 8 Q 13 Q Q 7 8

Boilers .............................................. 579 85 142 117 58 51 17 21 37 52

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 22 74 92 59 248 97 187 46 129

Other ................................................ 205 Q 9 42 39 38 Q 7 24 Q

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 20 124 186 177 165 53 142 34 105

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 Q 48 21 28 225 51 27 15 66

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 Q 33 15 Q 126 Q 23 Q 35

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 Q Q Q Q 84 28 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q 4 Q Q 25 Q Q Q 12

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 69 110 100 109 97 62 69 56 69

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q 6 3 Q 9 Q 3 Q 6

Central Chillers ................................. 111 3 6 18 11 31 8 11 6 16

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 42 160 280 145 325 116 240 99 205

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 Q Q Q N Q Q Q 66 47

Other ................................................ 40 Q Q 10 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 61 155 214 151 212 89 131 74 109

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 79 187 220 156 226 98 157 95 138

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

26
New 

England

Middle 

Atlantic

East

North 

Central

West 

North 

Central

South 

Atlantic

East

South 

Central

West 

South 

Central Mountain Pacific

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 233 493 696 571 874 348 553 299 580

Table B4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Northeast Midwest South West

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 155 349 465 349 581 192 346 205 438

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 65 124 132 84 153 51 101 60 106

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 59 171 193 126 204 56 107 85 173

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 109 235 276 229 339 143 235 114 289

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 64 158 228 151 280 74 152 116 197

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 135 339 413 289 521 164 321 179 354

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 96 256 301 193 359 128 200 134 273

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 78 145 231 221 292 156 207 94 142

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 87 166 256 191 325 115 206 100 225

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 Q 82 82 68 93 40 66 35 73

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 26 37 51 51 67 Q 36 29 62

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 14 33 35 25 41 15 20 28 42

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 Q 13 19 6 29 Q 6 7 21

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 Q 11 13 8 19 Q 7 5 10

250 or More ...................................... 38 2 7 8 1 8 Q 4 1 5

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 174 322 503 444 669 292 446 213 407

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 54 156 171 119 175 52 99 83 151

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 Q 7 11 3 12 Q Q Q 15

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 Q 3 4 Q 13 Q Q Q 3

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 Q 3 Q Q 3 Q Q Q Q

50 or More ........................................ 10 Q 2 Q Q 1 Q Q Q Q

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 137 237 395 378 515 219 354 164 307

One ................................................... 1,250 56 152 190 142 224 99 140 79 169

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 32 81 86 44 101 22 50 49 84

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 Q 14 16 5 19 Q 5 Q 11

10 or More ........................................ 54 2 9 9 2 14 Q 5 3 9

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 53 104 131 75 148 59 96 46 88

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 30 63 80 55 111 39 56 47 86

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 29 69 84 51 104 29 57 37 93

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 22 40 71 35 101 21 58 38 79

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 31 60 96 41 76 20 42 40 104

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 157 341 414 228 475 123 279 193 370

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 6 22 41 14 66 9 26 14 55

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

27
New 

England

Middle 

Atlantic

East

North 

Central

West 

North 

Central

South 

Atlantic

East

South 

Central

West 

South 

Central Mountain Pacific

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 233 493 696 571 874 348 553 299 580

Table B4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Northeast Midwest South West

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 156 272 431 311 379 117 155 177 204

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 33 107 205 134 294 89 189 86 186

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 Q 30 43 34 53 12 38 28 53

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 48 102 195 157 221 83 158 100 169

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 16 41 57 33 57 Q 38 30 44

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 Q 2 20 Q 9 Q Q Q 19

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 57 103 200 91 158 37 86 52 143

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 123 261 407 360 456 164 276 183 347

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 Q 5 8 Q 16 Q 5 Q Q

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 146 363 449 309 520 209 312 184 387

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 102 314 394 282 558 201 371 179 360

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 183 407 557 439 709 253 422 241 474

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 73 190 226 160 292 83 181 96 202

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to the 

Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

28
New 

England

Middle 

Atlantic

East

North 

Central

West

North 

Central

South 

Atlantic

East

South 

Central

West 

South 

Central Mountain Pacific

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 2,964 9,941 11,595 5,485 12,258 3,393 7,837 3,675 7,635

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 360 666 974 922 1,207 538 788 464 871

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 359 764 843 722 1,387 393 879 418 820

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 553 1,419 1,934 1,164 2,240 810 1,329 831 1,256

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 347 944 1,618 949 1,672 498 998 511 1,132

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 516 1,524 1,618 642 1,470 650 1,314 374 948

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 414 1,703 1,682 614 2,087 Q 1,131 Q 895

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 Q 1,673 1,801 395 1,072 Q 664 339 947

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 Q 1,248 1,126 Q 1,123 Q Q Q 766

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 Q 1,384 1,990 552 2,445 341 1,198 640 1,027

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 Q Q 218 Q 223 Q Q Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 Q 127 248 206 433 99 232 Q 232

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 Q 464 551 247 749 219 309 230 323

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 Q 310 316 Q 469 Q 235 Q 176

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 Q Q 235 Q 280 Q Q Q 147

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 374 797 548 595 939 368 387 438 649

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 Q 419 544 337 897 353 594 210 753

Office ................................................ 12,208 578 2,434 2,190 799 1,958 481 1,343 629 1,796

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 Q 769 635 377 440 Q 498 Q 468

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 Q 474 720 395 721 310 467 Q 341

Service .............................................. 4,050 Q 620 775 514 753 307 298 345 319

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 Q 1,112 2,023 994 1,836 390 1,740 506 1,066

Other ................................................ 1,738 Q 501 248 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 Q Q 791 Q 252 Q 350 Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 444 962 999 553 Q Q Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 611 1,893 1,603 496 650 300 398 Q 783

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 Q 1,745 1,454 574 1,097 239 460 255 873

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 Q 1,393 1,380 850 1,379 483 675 592 1,005

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 450 1,273 2,198 1,039 1,464 789 1,473 924 1,162

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 265 1,109 1,486 463 2,403 431 1,934 700 1,541

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 Q 1,130 1,655 1,091 3,652 766 1,823 627 1,377

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 Q 435 820 420 1,272 342 943 307 731

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 545 2,606 3,877 2,227 5,753 1,641 4,362 1,871 3,098

Two ................................................... 16,270 742 2,288 3,251 1,926 2,700 864 1,381 990 2,128

Three ................................................ 7,501 755 1,327 1,881 703 1,043 442 453 181 715

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 793 2,210 2,081 579 2,003 355 736 338 990

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 Q 1,510 506 Q 759 Q 904 Q 704

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 24,617 1,375 4,762 5,050 1,627 4,612 923 2,414 1,069 2,785

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 8,221 500 1,086 2,224 860 1,475 369 631 414 662

 Two to Five ..................................... 10,129 723 2,248 2,060 644 1,900 386 808 275 1,085

 Six or More ..................................... 6,268 Q 1,428 766 Q 1,237 168 975 Q 1,039

Any Escalators .................................. 2,350 Q 494 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Table B5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Northeast Midwest South West

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

29
New 

England

Middle 

Atlantic

East

North 

Central

West

North 

Central

South 

Atlantic

East

South 

Central

West 

South 

Central Mountain Pacific

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 2,964 9,941 11,595 5,485 12,258 3,393 7,837 3,675 7,635

Table B5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Northeast Midwest South West

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 776 1,599 3,195 1,763 2,517 1,107 2,046 766 1,723

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 401 684 866 598 1,284 476 835 345 678

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 409 1,463 1,214 867 1,392 350 999 428 681

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 350 1,964 1,980 876 1,773 701 1,408 645 1,291

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 Q 1,110 1,570 742 1,611 Q 840 558 812

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 Q 1,034 1,212 397 1,737 Q 451 311 1,086

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 Q 2,087 1,558 242 1,943 Q 1,259 622 1,364

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 Q 725 1,600 700 1,211 416 918 291 804

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 440 1,672 1,746 1,036 2,109 770 1,688 783 1,378

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 837 2,261 3,340 1,273 3,074 610 1,872 712 1,744

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 494 1,554 1,737 845 1,926 600 1,228 592 1,358

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 Q 1,078 1,450 558 1,402 Q 882 357 950

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 756 2,651 1,721 1,073 2,536 823 1,250 940 1,401

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 49,421 2,283 8,106 8,015 4,455 9,049 2,453 6,325 2,611 6,125

 Owner Occupied ............................. 23,591 1,587 4,317 3,755 2,416 4,141 967 2,761 976 2,672

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 23,914 669 3,535 3,597 1,942 4,678 1,450 3,230 1,624 3,189

 Unoccupied ..................................... 1,916 Q Q 663 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Government Owned .......................... 15,363 682 1,835 3,580 1,030 3,209 940 1,512 1,064 1,510

 Federal ........................................... 1,956 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

 State ............................................... 3,808 Q 386 536 Q 726 507 Q Q 565

 Local ............................................... 9,599 346 1,360 2,199 726 2,078 376 969 681 864

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 Q Q 756 Q 241 Q 346 Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 1,031 2,086 2,255 864 1,980 397 1,685 750 1,335

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 1,795 7,475 8,549 4,427 10,026 2,898 5,802 2,882 5,978

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 45,144 1,784 6,277 8,315 4,044 8,902 2,707 5,339 2,794 4,982

2 to 5 ................................................ 10,960 615 1,901 1,833 970 2,139 385 1,217 538 1,362

6 to 10 .............................................. 1,958 Q 411 264 Q Q Q Q Q 211

11 to 20 ............................................. 1,951 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

More than 20 ..................................... 2,609 Q 641 Q Q 320 Q 639 Q 547

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 2,161 Q Q 756 Q 241 Q 346 Q Q

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 32,817 1,541 5,707 7,166 2,082 6,051 1,824 3,699 1,551 3,195

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 10,832 284 1,900 1,885 1,002 2,371 641 973 462 1,315

Concrete Panels ............................... 6,559 Q 550 855 375 1,416 Q 1,216 695 1,277

Siding or Shingles ............................. 4,120 779 415 473 711 649 Q 281 Q 461

Metal Panels ..................................... 7,912 Q 862 651 1,229 1,450 616 1,360 634 918

Window Glass ................................... 1,024 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,113 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 406 Q Q Q Q Q N Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

30
New 

England

Middle 

Atlantic

East

North 

Central

West

North 

Central

South 

Atlantic

East

South 

Central

West 

South 

Central Mountain Pacific

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 2,964 9,941 11,595 5,485 12,258 3,393 7,837 3,675 7,635

Table B5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Northeast Midwest South West

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 21,170 704 3,363 3,913 1,349 4,125 827 2,479 1,421 2,990

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 10,195 683 1,340 2,070 1,129 1,889 638 797 475 1,174

Metal Surfacing ................................. 11,944 Q 780 1,046 1,616 2,557 1,116 2,635 944 1,001

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 14,730 1,018 3,097 3,453 990 2,449 643 1,206 664 1,209

Slate or Tile ...................................... 2,462 Q 398 236 Q 624 Q 279 Q 552

Wooden Materials ............................. 887 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 212

Concrete ........................................... 2,231 Q Q Q Q Q N Q Q 353

Other ................................................ 598 Q Q Q Q Q N Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 565 Q Q Q Q Q N Q N Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 17,844 1,445 3,659 3,492 1,945 2,304 884 1,273 1,095 1,746

 Addition or Annex ........................... 6,551 Q 1,395 1,243 727 884 392 529 551 428

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 1,012 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 13,119 943 3,010 2,354 1,525 1,497 677 931 718 1,465

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 8,070 720 1,955 1,367 871 961 340 562 504 789

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 8,518 639 1,850 1,709 877 1,036 334 566 637 870

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 10,768 739 2,287 2,136 1,197 1,559 464 561 776 1,049

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 10,275 853 2,497 1,985 1,074 1,186 440 466 733 1,042

 Window Replacement .................... 6,354 688 2,061 1,339 508 505 Q 266 332 510

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 7,144 633 1,878 1,177 721 782 262 323 517 852

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 4,015 356 1,014 700 512 468 Q 231 Q 411

 Other Renovation ........................... 523 Q Q Q N Q Q N Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 18,714 752 3,608 4,142 1,566 2,626 971 1,864 945 2,240

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 28,225 767 2,675 3,961 1,974 7,327 1,538 4,700 1,634 3,649

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 2,942 9,867 11,373 5,328 12,097 3,220 7,449 3,633 7,397

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 1,465 7,716 9,570 3,593 6,326 2,281 4,704 2,797 5,016

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 1,577 4,502 1,871 961 2,639 341 1,141 626 1,497

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 Q 1,082 1,420 Q 1,243 Q Q 253 413

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 Q 583 569 Q 667 Q 284 Q 300

Propane ............................................ 7,076 Q 505 Q 991 1,548 265 547 555 618

Other ................................................ 1,401 Q Q 283 222 Q Q Q Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 2,819 9,778 11,223 5,108 11,012 3,056 6,929 3,525 6,577

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 2,021 8,932 9,790 4,694 11,474 2,985 7,094 3,267 6,683

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 2,724 9,065 10,208 4,720 10,714 2,858 6,341 3,422 6,426

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 938 4,078 4,378 1,472 4,198 1,055 2,628 1,209 2,280

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 Q 679 489 Q 296 Q Q Q 412

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 567 2,678 2,558 760 2,396 324 1,297 738 1,504

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 Q Q 372 377 1,246 337 908 Q 1,057

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 Q 899 774 356 1,105 353 1,384 Q 1,257

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 418 1,120 1,214 513 1,864 309 718 569 1,381

100 ................................................... 45,071 1,913 7,758 9,235 4,239 8,043 2,394 4,828 2,721 3,940

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

31
New 

England

Middle 

Atlantic

East

North 

Central

West

North 

Central

South 

Atlantic

East

South 

Central

West 

South 

Central Mountain Pacific

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 2,964 9,941 11,595 5,485 12,258 3,393 7,837 3,675 7,635

Table B5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Northeast Midwest South West

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 7,843 943 1,009 1,805 791 784 408 744 407 952

1 to 50 .............................................. 16,598 922 3,349 3,186 1,571 2,418 472 2,025 918 1,738

51 to 99 ............................................. 13,211 550 2,551 2,436 1,325 2,624 459 820 886 1,559

100 ................................................... 27,132 550 3,033 4,169 1,797 6,431 2,054 4,249 1,463 3,386

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 293 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 10,203 953 1,796 1,575 1,178 1,313 505 1,371 382 1,130

51 to 99 ............................................. 18,288 1,070 2,529 3,641 1,658 3,293 913 1,928 1,095 2,161

100 ................................................... 32,789 830 5,221 5,418 2,362 7,210 1,730 3,933 2,136 3,947

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 3,210 Q 372 946 281 363 Q 553 Q Q

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 17,385 721 2,086 3,237 1,936 3,431 623 2,239 1,118 1,994

1 to 50 .............................................. 30,948 1,400 4,880 6,101 2,192 5,687 1,682 3,658 1,526 3,823

51 to 100 ........................................... 2,093 Q Q Q Q 491 Q 374 Q 180

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 14,357 764 2,711 1,916 1,197 2,649 942 1,565 973 1,638

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 Q 1,019 719 339 3,677 542 722 333 1,268

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 Q 656 541 Q 2,145 246 537 Q 741

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 Q Q Q Q 1,459 214 Q Q 305

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 Q 430 Q Q 1,039 Q Q Q 431

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 990 2,606 4,572 2,657 2,772 895 2,048 1,302 1,773

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 1,011 1,775 2,544 1,625 2,148 563 898 692 1,290

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 Q 1,000 1,420 Q 1,173 Q Q 253 362

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 1,465 4,763 4,466 1,675 2,135 786 1,472 1,359 2,302

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 615 2,297 2,531 1,135 3,917 1,215 2,998 748 2,564

Other ................................................ 3,262 Q 408 434 386 905 Q 399 347 Q

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 291 2,100 2,040 1,568 1,843 489 1,523 341 841

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 Q 1,008 746 317 3,742 586 595 430 1,355

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 Q 646 563 Q 2,104 294 451 Q 742

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 Q Q Q Q 1,494 225 Q Q 322

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 Q 430 Q Q 1,079 Q Q Q 546

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 925 2,762 2,199 1,289 2,218 610 806 730 1,019

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 Q 583 569 Q 667 Q 284 Q 300

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 383 1,469 2,074 768 2,489 594 1,771 621 1,466

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 872 5,128 5,505 2,581 5,520 1,555 3,325 1,655 3,826

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 Q Q Q N Q Q Q 874 468

Other ................................................ 1,232 Q Q 317 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 1,013 2,961 3,273 1,754 2,253 886 1,675 1,133 1,455

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 1,100 4,353 3,700 2,052 3,111 1,059 2,245 1,356 2,018

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

32
New 

England

Middle 

Atlantic

East

North 

Central

West

North 

Central

South 

Atlantic

East

South 

Central

West 

South 

Central Mountain Pacific

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 2,964 9,941 11,595 5,485 12,258 3,393 7,837 3,675 7,635

Table B5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Northeast Midwest South West

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 55,627 2,521 8,996 9,882 4,533 10,483 2,724 6,507 3,282 6,698

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 26,417 1,156 4,839 4,584 1,762 4,768 1,314 3,053 1,365 3,575

Dedicated Servers ............................ 36,338 1,656 6,486 6,456 2,796 6,839 1,606 4,204 1,959 4,335

Laser Printers ................................... 33,012 1,569 5,526 5,678 2,784 6,059 1,813 3,694 2,165 3,723

Inkjet Printers .................................... 32,210 1,204 5,211 5,817 2,489 6,138 1,502 3,840 1,901 4,108

FAX Machines .................................. 52,373 2,367 8,806 9,138 4,157 9,973 2,551 6,258 2,983 6,140

Photocopiers ..................................... 46,257 1,869 8,024 8,273 3,586 8,821 2,211 5,281 2,753 5,439

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 9,156 443 945 1,712 952 1,775 669 1,330 393 937

1 to 4 ................................................ 12,395 570 1,511 2,536 1,207 2,124 807 1,488 707 1,444

5 to 9 ................................................ 7,179 Q 1,087 1,112 826 1,154 520 864 450 649

10 to 19 ............................................. 6,610 329 992 1,069 621 1,321 Q 910 371 825

20 to 49 ............................................. 7,414 322 1,182 1,196 736 1,207 437 780 548 1,006

50 to 99 ............................................. 5,376 Q 1,018 744 305 1,265 Q 490 285 784

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,690 Q 1,054 1,221 630 1,353 Q 660 448 869

250 or More ...................................... 9,963 439 2,151 2,005 208 2,059 Q 1,315 473 1,122

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 28,445 1,308 3,455 5,139 2,689 5,419 1,788 3,633 1,716 3,299

1 to 4 ................................................ 24,116 1,028 4,219 4,202 2,366 4,155 1,272 2,782 1,428 2,665

5 to 9 ................................................ 3,864 Q 604 754 212 966 Q Q Q 601

10 to 19 ............................................. 3,027 Q 437 647 Q 837 Q Q Q 414

20 to 49 ............................................. 2,583 Q 411 Q Q 524 Q Q Q Q

50 or More ........................................ 2,748 Q 815 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 18,526 1,095 1,917 3,322 1,899 3,437 1,182 2,557 921 2,196

One ................................................... 15,475 683 2,344 2,620 1,615 2,611 1,016 1,833 995 1,757

2 to 4 ................................................ 15,082 643 2,302 2,745 1,281 3,060 659 1,799 887 1,706

5 to 9 ................................................ 5,515 Q 1,250 1,013 388 1,124 Q 405 Q 634

10 or More ........................................ 10,185 276 2,128 1,894 302 2,026 284 1,243 690 1,341

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 938 4,078 4,378 1,472 4,196 1,055 2,628 1,209 2,269

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 995 2,927 3,546 1,678 4,178 949 1,776 1,384 2,048

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 1,045 4,880 4,759 1,723 5,236 1,028 3,132 1,607 3,462

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 592 3,188 3,660 1,342 3,818 788 2,743 1,236 2,232

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 824 3,317 4,350 1,533 3,815 828 1,988 1,383 3,069

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 2,311 8,736 9,424 3,704 9,547 2,258 5,836 3,065 6,282

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 429 2,573 2,835 965 3,426 542 1,834 857 2,170

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

33
New 

England

Middle 

Atlantic

East

North 

Central

West

North 

Central

South 

Atlantic

East

South 

Central

West 

South 

Central Mountain Pacific

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 2,964 9,941 11,595 5,485 12,258 3,393 7,837 3,675 7,635

Table B5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Northeast Midwest South West

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 2,307 7,001 8,023 3,738 7,191 1,685 3,429 2,656 2,880

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 803 4,155 5,393 1,925 6,498 1,169 4,283 1,617 4,043

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 Q 1,436 1,454 711 1,655 257 1,098 489 1,219

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 577 2,110 2,537 1,688 3,814 1,022 1,950 1,521 2,025

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 476 2,416 2,338 929 1,831 434 1,656 1,001 1,465

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 Q 319 608 Q 448 Q Q Q 674

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 1,390 4,444 5,813 1,896 4,553 785 2,533 1,307 3,396

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 2,162 7,125 8,623 3,987 8,835 2,177 5,446 2,905 5,621

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 4,781 Q 758 988 Q 810 Q 629 Q 923

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 1,768 7,751 7,595 3,314 7,843 2,124 4,688 2,456 5,183

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 1,456 7,356 7,147 3,323 8,678 2,175 5,241 2,449 5,380

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 2,067 6,639 8,846 4,037 9,061 2,340 5,715 2,608 5,674

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 847 3,422 3,645 1,767 3,468 703 2,255 1,030 2,260

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to the 

Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

34
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 162 56 60 48 39 16 5 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 226 164 44 Q Q Q Q N N

Food Service ..................................... 297 202 65 23 Q Q N Q N

Health Care ....................................... 129 56 38 19 5 5 3 2 1

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 N N Q Q Q Q 2 1

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 56 38 19 Q 3 Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 142 38 21 38 23 11 7 4 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 241 97 83 14 Q 4 Q Q

Office ................................................ 824 503 127 116 43 17 11 5 2

Public Assembly ............................... 277 119 67 69 9 7 6 Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 37 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 152 104 83 27 Q Q Q N

Service .............................................. 622 434 100 66 17 Q Q Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 294 110 130 27 21 8 4 Q

Other ................................................ 79 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 108 Q Q 13 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 174 71 55 19 7 Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 315 107 64 23 9 5 4 1

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 331 90 90 26 14 8 2 1

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 298 120 95 33 22 8 3 0

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 350 180 122 48 16 10 4 1

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 438 98 103 32 20 10 4 2

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 481 158 151 39 28 15 4 1

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 165 66 58 21 13 8 2 Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 364 149 127 36 27 15 6 2

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 725 213 198 71 34 17 8 1

South ................................................ 1,775 965 361 278 88 49 25 7 2

West ................................................. 878 498 165 135 46 19 8 5 2

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 476 157 147 42 19 9 4 1

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 621 226 200 62 36 19 7 2

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 375 129 89 35 26 12 5 2

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 723 257 185 59 30 16 5 1

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 357 121 117 43 18 8 3 1

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 2,014 564 399 92 46 16 4 Q

Two ................................................... 1,031 411 239 248 77 35 13 6 Q

Three ................................................ 339 115 70 74 46 21 11 3 Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 Q Q 18 26 25 23 8 2

Ten or More ...................................... 12 N N Q Q Q 3 4 3

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

35
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 Q 29 61 81 57 41 19 5

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 Q 29 57 62 29 11 4 Q

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 N N Q 19 28 29 9 Q

 Six or More ..................................... 13 N N Q Q Q Q 6 5

Any Escalators .................................. 6 N Q Q N Q Q 1 2

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 1,879 452 268 36 10 6 Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 422 192 134 24 4 Q Q N

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 202 146 154 38 16 Q Q N

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 43 87 131 82 41 11 2 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 Q Q 42 44 31 15 4 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 Q Q Q 17 21 18 6 Q

250 or More ...................................... 30 N N N Q 5 10 8 5

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 689 179 99 20 9 4 Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 628 238 166 48 26 8 2 Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 532 197 206 73 33 13 6 1

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 262 114 130 50 18 13 3 1

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 213 84 51 16 20 11 4 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 475 228 77 85 35 22 16 9 3

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 2,272 783 625 185 82 43 16 5

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 980 384 320 91 35 21 7 2

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 1,205 375 293 86 40 20 8 3

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 87 Q Q Q Q Q Q N

Government Owned .......................... 635 280 106 113 56 47 22 9 2

 Federal ........................................... 46 Q Q Q Q Q Q 2 1

 State ............................................... 164 77 Q 40 16 9 8 1 Q

 Local ............................................... 425 183 87 64 36 37 12 5 Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 100 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q Q Q Q Q Q N N

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 269 91 108 37 22 12 6 3

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 2,175 769 610 191 100 50 17 3

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 2,131 720 590 163 87 43 15 3

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 311 136 104 50 25 11 5 1

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 Q Q 22 11 4 4 Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 Q N Q Q 5 Q 1 Q

More than 20 ..................................... 14 N Q Q Q Q Q 2 1

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 100 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

36
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 978 421 387 135 71 35 13 3

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 449 130 119 44 26 12 4 1

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 36 24 22 20 12 10 4 2

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 587 117 56 12 Q Q Q Q

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 457 184 142 26 10 4 Q Q

Window Glass ................................... 17 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 47 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 18 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 494 191 173 91 51 25 8 4

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 847 234 183 46 8 4 3 Q

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 721 272 225 41 19 7 Q Q

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 206 100 92 41 38 23 9 2

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 155 53 36 12 4 Q Q Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 91 Q Q Q Q Q Q N

Concrete ........................................... 61 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 16 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 25 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 489 219 170 77 35 18 8 2

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 104 51 44 28 16 8 3 1

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 356 154 130 54 26 13 6 2

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 156 98 60 29 14 8 4 1

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 190 84 80 27 15 8 4 2

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 164 95 100 43 22 12 6 2

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 183 94 102 37 21 11 5 2

 Window Replacement .................... 310 134 65 64 24 14 6 3 1

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 128 73 66 23 13 7 4 1

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 124 38 35 16 8 4 2 1

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 979 349 255 72 32 15 7 1

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 1,084 321 312 92 62 32 10 3

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 2,384 834 727 234 128 65 24 7

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 1,110 496 450 168 95 48 19 5

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 209 99 61 22 23 21 12 4

District Heat ...................................... 67 Q Q 18 10 8 9 4 2

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q Q 6 5 6 2 1

Propane ............................................ 502 295 100 64 18 13 7 4 Q

Other ................................................ 132 79 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

37
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 2,100 782 659 225 123 62 24 6

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 1,841 732 629 216 118 60 23 6

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 1,715 725 607 217 119 60 23 6

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 354 155 127 69 50 28 14 4

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 Q 29 28 Q 8 3 2 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 Q Q 31 18 25 21 10 4

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 452 107 79 16 Q Q Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 262 112 107 22 13 5 Q Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 258 99 89 27 13 6 4 2

100 ................................................... 2,962 1,580 570 463 176 98 52 19 4

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 710 157 109 25 11 5 Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 407 226 225 64 41 14 6 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 279 133 126 43 25 14 7 2

100 ................................................... 2,011 1,155 374 277 109 52 32 10 3

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 47 Q Q Q Q Q N Q N

1 to 50 .............................................. 929 524 149 184 47 16 7 Q Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 1,108 540 220 203 80 37 18 8 2

100 ................................................... 2,176 1,184 444 323 102 69 37 14 4

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 386 268 73 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 1,964 1,205 374 272 66 30 12 4 Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 1,882 903 376 352 129 72 35 11 2

51 to 100 ........................................... 136 87 Q 19 Q 5 2 Q Q

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 664 356 121 95 41 22 16 9 3

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 258 63 86 33 21 9 5 1

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 150 40 46 21 12 6 2 1

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 95 Q 30 9 7 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q Q 15 10 8 3 2 Q

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 1,039 391 307 76 30 15 5 1

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 415 170 142 49 25 12 5 1

District Heat ...................................... 65 Q Q 18 9 8 9 4 2

Boilers .............................................. 579 162 105 138 78 49 31 13 3

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 423 214 170 69 47 20 7 2

Other ................................................ 205 121 Q 28 13 6 Q 2 Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

38
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 581 207 140 47 19 8 4 1

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 260 78 87 33 20 8 4 1

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 147 51 49 19 12 6 2 1

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 100 Q 30 10 6 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q Q 15 10 7 3 2 1

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 383 134 114 62 27 16 4 1

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q Q 6 5 6 2 1

Central Chillers ................................. 111 Q Q 26 19 24 17 10 3

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 678 367 332 119 67 32 13 3

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 58 26 26 Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 40 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 615 233 220 76 34 13 5 1

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 662 288 251 87 41 18 8 2

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 2,184 1,070 416 412 145 75 43 17 5

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 3,943 2,068 772 665 223 123 62 24 6

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 941 382 148 189 102 60 38 16 5

High Intensity Discharge ................... 455 101 88 105 60 51 32 13 4

Halogen ............................................ 565 205 107 123 55 37 25 10 4

Other ................................................ 8 Q Q Q N Q Q Q Q

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may apply)

a

Any Refrigeration............................... 3,176 1,591 642 548 196 114 58 21 6

 Commercial Refrigeration ............... 1,007 486 188 138 78 60 36 16 5

 Walk-In Units ................................ 666 332 124 75 44 44 29 14 5

 Cases or Cabinets ........................ 825 416 146 118 60 41 27 11 4

 Residential-Type Units .................... 2,370 1,159 494 427 148 81 41 16 4

 Vending Machines .......................... 996 268 181 250 134 89 48 19 6

No Refrigeration ................................ 1,469 961 247 190 45 15 7 3 Q

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 1,405 643 599 222 123 59 23 6

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 310 176 190 94 53 33 17 5

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 385 209 286 135 87 46 21 6

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 915 400 386 145 77 32 12 3

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 562 291 313 127 71 36 14 5

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 1,227 545 529 206 119 60 22 6

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 706 412 439 189 108 57 22 6

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

39
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 1,147 246 139 19 6 Q Q Q

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 997 373 244 37 13 5 Q N

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 241 135 128 36 15 4 Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 138 74 89 42 17 7 Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 Q 60 93 50 18 7 3 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 Q Q 37 35 21 6 3 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 Q N Q 21 30 14 4 Q

250 or More ...................................... 38 N N N Q 7 15 9 5

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 2,166 680 452 106 41 20 4 Q

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 380 197 260 112 68 30 12 1

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 Q Q Q 13 10 6 2 1

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 Q Q Q Q 5 5 3 1

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 N N Q Q Q 3 2 1

50 or More ........................................ 10 N N Q Q Q Q 2 2

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 1,846 477 299 52 20 8 Q Q

One ................................................... 1,250 565 296 267 78 30 10 3 Q

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 131 110 148 82 50 23 5 Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 Q Q 19 17 15 11 6 Q

10 or More ........................................ 54 N N Q 11 14 13 8 5

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 352 155 127 69 50 28 14 4

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 161 134 114 71 45 27 12 4

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 115 81 137 91 68 37 18 6

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 154 72 92 56 45 30 13 4

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 164 83 100 61 49 33 14 4

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 1,187 507 486 198 113 60 23 6

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 55 29 49 41 37 26 11 4

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 1,053 441 421 140 80 46 16 5

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 564 288 254 99 62 36 15 5

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 146 39 63 27 13 12 5 2

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 636 267 202 70 31 19 7 1

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 114 54 68 37 29 17 10 2

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 Q Q Q 6 5 3 2 1

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 382 163 181 99 51 30 17 5

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 1,265 525 431 175 101 51 22 6

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 Q Q Q 11 8 6 4 2

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

40
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,552 889 738 241 129 65 25 7

Table B6. Building Size, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 1,529 553 485 160 88 42 17 5

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 1,424 538 477 169 87 43 18 5

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 2,001 725 610 191 96 45 14 3

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 756 317 278 86 42 18 6 Q

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to 

the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

41
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square 

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square 

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 6,789 6,585 11,535 8,668 9,057 9,064 7,176 5,908

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 409 399 931 1,756 2,690 2,167 1,420 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 409 356 Q Q Q Q N N

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 544 442 345 Q Q N Q N

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 165 280 313 157 364 395 514 973

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 N N Q Q Q Q 467 973

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 165 280 312 Q 206 Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 99 160 631 803 841 930 1,185 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 638 725 1,284 578 Q 524 Q Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 1,382 938 1,887 1,506 1,209 1,428 1,493 2,365

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 336 518 1,077 301 474 868 Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 122 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 416 744 1,235 930 Q Q Q N

Service .............................................. 4,050 1,034 722 1,021 560 Q Q Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 895 868 2,064 1,043 1,494 1,162 1,322 Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 239 Q Q 471 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 490 502 804 677 491 Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 796 827 988 838 641 704 1,288 790

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 860 643 1,421 935 927 1,148 569 541

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 690 865 1,460 1,234 1,483 1,039 947 382

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 966 1,332 1,869 1,720 1,146 1,411 1,243 1,085

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 1,149 721 1,647 1,174 1,390 1,496 1,237 1,518

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 1,324 1,209 2,388 1,352 2,058 1,934 984 1,111

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 515 486 958 739 921 1,060 609 Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 1,025 1,123 1,972 1,292 2,040 2,117 1,781 1,556

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 1,895 1,565 3,098 2,567 2,260 2,296 2,196 1,203

South ................................................ 23,489 2,533 2,658 4,378 3,168 3,435 3,475 1,914 1,928

West ................................................. 11,310 1,336 1,239 2,087 1,643 1,322 1,177 1,286 1,221

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 1,307 1,197 2,235 1,451 1,295 1,206 1,115 815

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 1,673 1,633 3,140 2,282 2,549 2,652 1,943 1,463

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 1,005 964 1,421 1,272 1,823 1,761 1,619 1,639

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 1,862 1,907 2,865 2,105 2,063 2,286 1,552 1,098

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 942 884 1,874 1,558 1,327 1,160 947 893

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 5,192 4,150 6,160 3,296 3,187 2,159 1,134 Q

Two ................................................... 16,270 1,217 1,814 3,966 2,772 2,456 1,896 1,775 Q

Three ................................................ 7,501 343 504 1,115 1,631 1,481 1,418 730 Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 Q Q 292 964 1,822 3,150 2,186 1,516

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 N N Q Q Q 442 1,350 3,036

Table B7. Building Size, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

42
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square 

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square 

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 6,789 6,585 11,535 8,668 9,057 9,064 7,176 5,908

Table B7. Building Size, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 24,617 Q 228 1,052 2,917 4,066 5,705 5,566 5,026

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 8,221 Q 228 996 2,193 2,001 1,541 1,066 Q

 Two to Five ..................................... 10,129 N N Q 714 2,041 3,990 2,670 Q

 Six or More ..................................... 6,268 N N Q Q Q Q 1,830 4,218

Any Escalators .................................. 2,350 N Q Q N Q Q 415 1,708

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 4,659 3,323 4,006 1,222 704 804 Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 1,264 1,373 2,075 836 291 Q Q N

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 689 1,109 2,456 1,327 1,157 Q Q N

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 155 689 2,113 2,920 2,865 1,558 533 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 Q Q 692 1,648 2,151 2,014 1,077 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 Q Q Q 667 1,518 2,455 1,706 Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 N N N Q 371 1,452 2,571 5,087

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 1,740 1,289 1,464 727 599 544 Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 1,665 1,751 2,623 1,710 1,802 1,256 507 Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 1,444 1,465 3,210 2,566 2,255 1,809 1,651 1,324

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 727 851 2,095 1,817 1,297 1,791 887 869

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 569 653 827 616 1,496 1,499 1,102 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 644 577 1,316 1,232 1,608 2,166 2,624 2,982

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 49,421 6,043 5,827 9,738 6,659 5,779 5,958 4,803 4,613

 Owner Occupied ............................. 23,591 2,682 2,858 5,028 3,197 2,464 2,919 2,048 2,396

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 23,914 3,162 2,791 4,530 3,141 2,951 2,714 2,408 2,217

 Unoccupied ..................................... 1,916 199 Q Q Q Q Q Q N

Government Owned .......................... 15,363 746 758 1,797 2,009 3,278 3,106 2,373 1,295

 Federal ........................................... 1,956 Q Q Q Q Q Q 545 606

 State ............................................... 3,808 206 Q 604 531 620 1,142 408 Q

 Local ............................................... 9,599 498 620 1,044 1,327 2,557 1,644 1,420 Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 223 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 Q Q Q Q Q Q N N

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 738 706 1,646 1,310 1,563 1,681 1,943 2,795

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 5,813 5,671 9,611 6,888 7,031 6,959 4,845 3,017

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 45,144 5,613 5,304 9,098 5,807 6,218 6,102 4,246 2,756

2 to 5 ................................................ 10,960 916 1,031 1,732 1,837 1,739 1,545 1,361 800

6 to 10 .............................................. 1,958 Q Q 383 355 273 539 Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 1,951 Q N Q Q 337 Q 389 Q

More than 20 ..................................... 2,609 N Q Q Q Q Q 531 1,522

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 2,161 223 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

43
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square 

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square 

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 6,789 6,585 11,535 8,668 9,057 9,064 7,176 5,908

Table B7. Building Size, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 32,817 2,735 3,103 6,047 4,841 5,038 4,865 3,800 2,387

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 10,832 1,137 937 1,976 1,551 1,830 1,665 1,252 485

Concrete Panels ............................... 6,559 90 185 367 787 860 1,429 1,142 1,699

Siding or Shingles ............................. 4,120 1,412 862 826 419 Q Q Q Q

Metal Panels ..................................... 7,912 1,280 1,388 2,149 950 721 518 Q Q

Window Glass ................................... 1,024 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,113 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 406 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 21,170 1,296 1,429 2,814 3,216 3,566 3,320 2,386 3,143

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 10,195 2,213 1,688 2,686 1,623 579 486 761 Q

Metal Surfacing ................................. 11,944 1,997 2,024 3,508 1,500 1,348 909 Q Q

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 14,730 580 772 1,494 1,511 2,662 3,134 2,668 1,909

Slate or Tile ...................................... 2,462 397 378 561 429 307 Q Q Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 887 213 Q Q Q Q Q Q N

Concrete ........................................... 2,231 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 598 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 565 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 17,844 1,283 1,640 2,684 2,826 2,495 2,584 2,260 2,072

 Addition or Annex ........................... 6,551 288 379 684 1,000 1,121 1,250 825 1,004

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 1,012 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 13,119 959 1,148 2,072 1,993 1,841 1,900 1,709 1,497

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 8,070 431 746 975 1,024 990 1,271 1,271 1,363

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 8,518 537 644 1,210 968 1,045 1,338 1,323 1,454

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 10,768 461 714 1,548 1,564 1,551 1,644 1,664 1,622

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 10,275 489 715 1,568 1,360 1,489 1,702 1,510 1,442

 Window Replacement .................... 6,354 366 507 987 862 998 938 865 830

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 7,144 326 563 1,045 811 878 1,163 1,163 1,193

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 4,015 334 306 582 562 511 493 690 536

 Other Renovation ........................... 523 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 18,714 2,518 2,529 3,858 2,577 2,194 1,991 2,086 961

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 28,225 2,988 2,416 4,993 3,265 4,369 4,489 2,831 2,875

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 6,346 6,197 11,370 8,385 9,031 9,018 7,051 5,908

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 3,084 3,692 7,053 6,025 6,683 6,645 5,679 4,606

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 600 716 966 825 1,740 2,927 3,400 3,981

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 Q Q 289 369 574 1,399 1,018 1,693

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 Q Q Q 240 332 793 495 822

Propane ............................................ 7,076 806 725 1,014 638 925 989 1,165 Q

Other ................................................ 1,401 199 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

44
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square 

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square 

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 6,789 6,585 11,535 8,668 9,057 9,064 7,176 5,908

Table B7. Building Size, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 5,668 5,786 10,387 8,060 8,718 8,710 6,907 5,792

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 5,007 5,408 9,922 7,776 8,331 8,339 6,565 5,591

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 4,759 5,348 9,562 7,734 8,412 8,300 6,680 5,683

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 997 1,136 1,954 2,511 3,575 3,991 4,047 4,025

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 Q 214 472 Q 540 473 605 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 Q Q 491 662 1,921 2,877 2,977 3,694

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 1,121 799 1,148 608 Q Q Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 738 889 1,742 842 916 703 Q Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 731 724 1,420 941 926 779 1,168 1,418

100 ................................................... 45,071 4,198 4,173 7,225 6,278 6,877 7,228 5,404 3,688

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 7,843 1,782 1,177 1,612 893 726 725 Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 16,598 1,206 1,704 3,517 2,369 2,926 1,984 1,822 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 13,211 781 995 2,034 1,479 1,751 1,954 2,057 2,159

100 ................................................... 27,132 3,021 2,710 4,372 3,928 3,654 4,402 2,685 2,360

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 293 Q Q Q Q Q N Q N

1 to 50 .............................................. 10,203 1,372 1,124 2,810 1,705 1,146 1,025 Q Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 18,288 1,482 1,671 3,179 2,807 2,570 2,442 2,389 1,748

100 ................................................... 32,789 3,158 3,233 5,173 3,702 4,903 5,187 3,985 3,448

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 3,210 665 521 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 17,385 3,057 2,782 4,211 2,271 2,088 1,654 1,059 Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 30,948 2,529 2,785 5,545 4,713 4,960 4,909 3,195 2,312

51 to 100 ........................................... 2,093 237 Q 314 Q 374 316 Q Q

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 14,357 965 895 1,465 1,481 1,634 2,185 2,749 2,982

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 685 462 1,400 1,150 1,524 1,245 1,295 1,053

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 400 286 784 740 878 829 671 854

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 257 Q 487 339 467 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 Q Q 255 322 535 499 710 Q

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 2,902 2,891 4,653 2,761 2,086 1,974 1,456 891

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 1,047 1,282 2,129 1,748 1,819 1,625 1,313 1,582

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 Q Q 289 325 549 1,365 1,010 1,528

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 461 773 2,164 2,829 3,497 4,283 3,844 2,573

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 1,159 1,599 2,765 2,449 3,328 2,797 2,156 1,769

Other ................................................ 3,262 330 Q 456 419 450 Q 514 Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

45
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square 

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square 

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 6,789 6,585 11,535 8,668 9,057 9,064 7,176 5,908

Table B7. Building Size, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 1,568 1,523 2,173 1,683 1,388 993 1,136 569

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 675 563 1,441 1,155 1,440 1,158 1,273 1,334

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 392 369 847 693 830 792 654 849

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 255 Q 481 377 432 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 Q Q 255 335 506 449 714 612

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 972 1,012 1,740 2,301 1,958 2,259 1,223 1,095

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 Q Q Q 240 332 793 495 822

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 Q Q 456 729 1,722 2,366 3,023 3,278

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 1,957 2,741 5,260 4,264 4,732 4,504 3,834 2,678

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 179 207 378 Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 1,645 1,733 3,440 2,811 2,363 1,735 1,541 1,134

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 1,781 2,122 3,924 3,192 2,895 2,593 2,396 2,091

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 38,528 2,918 3,061 6,424 5,176 5,296 6,042 4,913 4,698

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 59,688 5,579 5,726 10,458 8,001 8,667 8,612 6,839 5,806

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 27,571 1,123 1,109 2,944 3,662 4,330 5,268 4,610 4,526

High Intensity Discharge ................... 20,643 312 686 1,721 2,191 3,646 4,349 3,918 3,819

Halogen ............................................ 17,703 604 781 1,973 2,013 2,599 3,473 2,775 3,485

Other ................................................ 269 Q Q Q N Q Q Q Q

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may apply)

a

Any Refrigeration............................... 52,974 4,333 4,738 8,646 7,068 8,038 8,096 6,238 5,816

 Commercial Refrigeration ............... 26,768 1,310 1,406 2,230 2,829 4,291 5,116 4,606 4,979

 Walk-In Units ................................ 20,254 916 909 1,188 1,626 3,124 4,148 4,199 4,146

 Cases or Cabinets ........................ 20,424 1,100 1,116 1,893 2,185 2,978 3,890 3,270 3,991

 Residential-Type Units .................... 38,884 3,174 3,609 6,725 5,289 5,760 5,667 4,524 4,136

 Vending Machines .......................... 35,335 830 1,407 4,072 4,910 6,342 6,578 5,691 5,506

No Refrigeration ................................ 11,809 2,456 1,847 2,889 1,600 1,019 968 938 Q

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 55,627 3,950 4,777 9,418 7,966 8,680 8,262 6,759 5,816

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 26,417 861 1,312 3,027 3,385 3,765 4,501 4,861 4,704

Dedicated Servers ............................ 36,338 1,211 1,579 4,642 4,871 6,200 6,295 6,091 5,448

Laser Printers ................................... 33,012 2,565 3,033 6,052 5,190 5,342 4,518 3,527 2,785

Inkjet Printers .................................... 32,210 1,648 2,174 4,979 4,581 5,171 5,083 4,041 4,534

FAX Machines .................................. 52,373 3,443 4,077 8,408 7,442 8,424 8,266 6,498 5,816

Photocopiers ..................................... 46,257 2,066 3,101 6,993 6,772 7,669 7,949 6,358 5,349

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

46
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square 

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square 

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 6,789 6,585 11,535 8,668 9,057 9,064 7,176 5,908

Table B7. Building Size, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 9,156 2,839 1,808 2,117 702 377 Q Q Q

1 to 4 ................................................ 12,395 2,660 2,707 3,643 1,296 904 799 Q N

5 to 9 ................................................ 7,179 706 1,019 2,035 1,284 1,109 511 Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 6,610 475 556 1,420 1,427 1,208 983 Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 7,414 Q 487 1,498 1,850 1,291 1,015 849 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 5,376 Q Q 659 1,218 1,420 880 784 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,690 Q N Q 823 2,180 1,943 1,228 Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,963 N N N Q 568 2,129 2,828 4,370

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 28,445 5,578 5,006 6,893 3,798 2,857 2,769 1,085 Q

1 to 4 ................................................ 24,116 1,189 1,478 4,173 4,034 4,810 4,085 3,426 921

5 to 9 ................................................ 3,864 Q Q Q 451 744 764 667 874

10 to 19 ............................................. 3,027 Q Q Q Q 370 725 878 767

20 to 49 ............................................. 2,583 N N Q Q Q 523 475 1,103

50 or More ........................................ 2,748 N N Q Q Q Q 645 1,783

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 18,526 4,723 3,484 4,542 1,897 1,388 1,115 Q Q

One ................................................... 15,475 1,621 2,196 4,169 2,706 2,118 1,525 897 Q

2 to 4 ................................................ 15,082 411 846 2,373 3,006 3,529 3,129 1,402 Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 5,515 Q Q 360 636 1,037 1,526 1,600 Q

10 or More ........................................ 10,185 N N Q 425 985 1,770 2,459 4,456

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 996 1,136 1,954 2,500 3,575 3,991 4,047 4,025

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 456 1,021 1,865 2,506 3,183 3,754 3,393 3,303

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 361 608 2,211 3,365 4,857 5,204 5,175 5,092

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 466 583 1,492 2,059 3,184 4,173 3,848 3,792

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 509 593 1,618 2,180 3,419 4,655 4,244 3,891

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 3,363 3,770 7,883 7,144 7,984 8,448 6,822 5,749

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 166 197 850 1,493 2,629 3,682 3,079 3,532

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 2,978 3,265 6,589 5,040 5,692 6,386 4,645 4,315

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 1,580 2,211 4,134 3,633 4,413 4,880 4,559 4,477

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 387 309 986 967 979 1,588 1,565 1,763

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 1,709 1,946 3,208 2,551 2,109 2,473 2,044 1,203

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 351 406 1,095 1,443 2,080 2,360 2,794 2,016

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 Q Q Q 206 376 445 675 744

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 1,010 1,175 2,856 3,599 3,603 4,186 4,932 4,758

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 3,450 3,896 6,942 6,331 7,158 7,105 6,450 5,550

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 4,781 Q Q Q 405 601 892 1,126 1,519

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

47
1,001 to

5,000 

Square 

Feet

5,001 to 

10,000 

Square 

Feet

10,000 to 

25,000 

Square 

Feet

25,001 to 

50,000 

Square

Feet

50,001 to 

100,000 

Square 

Feet

100,001 to 

200,000 

Square

Feet

200,001 to 

500,000 

Square

Feet

Over 

500,000 

Square 

Feet

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 6,789 6,585 11,535 8,668 9,057 9,064 7,176 5,908

Table B7. Building Size, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Building Size

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 4,120 4,041 7,629 5,654 6,193 5,841 4,918 4,325

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 3,819 3,979 7,515 6,038 6,185 6,088 5,236 4,346

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 5,331 5,358 9,553 6,830 6,792 6,346 4,012 2,765

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 2,164 2,319 4,276 3,124 2,917 2,504 1,701 Q

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to 

the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

48
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 330 527 562 579 731 707 876 334

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 174 315 331 298 350 438 481 165

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 71 107 90 120 180 98 158 66

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 55 64 90 95 122 103 151 58

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 19 23 26 33 48 32 39 21

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 7 9 14 22 16 20 28 13

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 Q 5 8 8 10 10 15 8

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 Q 4234442

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 Q 1 1 0 1 2 1Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 12 26 78 60 58 44 75 32

Food Sales ....................................... 226 Q Q Q Q Q 33 56 Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 32 34 30 Q 46 46 66 Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 Q 10 25 10 16 19 36 10

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 Q Q Q 1 2 2 0Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 Q Q Q Q 14 18 36 Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 Q 11 17 25 25 21 30 6

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 37 66 62 59 90 44 68 17

Office ................................................ 824 70 85 75 116 145 153 142 39

Public Assembly ............................... 277 31 36 45 30 44 31 42 18

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 Q Q Q Q Q Q 21 Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 65 52 58 54 41 43 35 23

Service .............................................. 622 Q 90 59 75 117 108 110 42

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 20 39 44 47 78 108 164 98

Other ................................................ 79 Q Q Q Q Q Q 17 Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 Q 35 QQQQQQ

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 122 121 105 108 71 97 69 31

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 139 163 157 131 196 163 228 90

South ................................................ 1,775 47 152 161 192 297 351 411 163

West ................................................. 878 21 91 138 148 167 95 168 51

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 113 80 103 114 131 104 148 63

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 130 155 167 146 185 162 170 57

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 49 103 84 85 95 94 115 46

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 31 126 167 152 232 192 280 95

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 Q 64 40 81 88 153 163 73

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 80 236 374 402 536 536 699 272

Two ................................................... 1,031 116 187 135 122 148 130 141 51

Three ................................................ 339 92 78 46 42 32 21 23 5

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 41 25 6 10 13 16 11 6

Ten or More ...................................... 12 Q 2 1 2 1 3QQ

Table B8. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

49
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 330 527 562 579 731 707 876 334

Table B8. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 36 42 25 37 49 42 46 32

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 26 33 18 25 31 20 30 24

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 8 7 5 10 16 19 14 8

 Six or More ..................................... 13 Q 1 1 1 2 3 2Q

Any Escalators .................................. 6 QQQQQQQQ

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 203 325 344 331 394 383 481 192

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 62 97 90 87 118 148 128 49

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 30 51 61 74 91 69 135 49

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 21 37 46 48 85 54 83 25

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 11 10 14 21 23 30 26 13

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 Q 5 5 14 15 14 18 4

250 or More ...................................... 30 Q 2235962

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 115 127 156 130 100 150 150 73

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 72 144 144 122 202 161 212 60

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 62 121 127 139 175 192 181 65

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 44 75 65 75 126 66 91 50

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 25 36 33 51 52 60 106 37

Open Continuously ........................... 475 12 24 37 63 76 77 136 49

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 304 461 463 482 638 624 759 280

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 168 222 213 242 286 273 327 110

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 125 206 227 224 334 326 423 163

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 QQQQQQQQ

Government Owned .......................... 635 25 67 99 97 92 83 117 55

 Federal ........................................... 46 Q 8 QQQQQQ

 State ............................................... 164 Q 15 22 28 25 24 30 Q

 Local ............................................... 425 19 44 74 56 60 55 84 33

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 Q 35 QQQQQQ

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 QQQQQQQQ

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 57 72 57 52 58 85 113 54

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 255 420 475 499 654 591 749 271

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 248 402 449 479 599 545 746 286

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 61 84 78 74 92 111 106 37

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 Q Q Q 7 12 12 Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 QQQQ 7 4QQ

More than 20 ..................................... 14 QQQQ 3 4QQ

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 Q 35 QQQQQQ

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

50
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 330 527 562 579 731 707 876 334

Table B8. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 195 348 273 265 296 257 303 107

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 23 65 170 136 126 99 111 58

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 Q Q Q 9 30 33 21 19

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 100 83 71 92 96 109 188 40

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 Q Q 32 66 172 196 236 104

Window Glass ................................... 17 N QQQQ 2QQ

Other ................................................ 47 QQQQQQQQ

No One Major Type ........................... 18 QQQQQQQQ

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 64 178 156 157 178 127 141 35

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 132 134 178 186 190 200 225 80

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 39 65 76 110 224 250 349 174

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 61 79 69 72 72 72 59 27

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 21 47 36 Q 31 25 75 Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 QQQQQQQQ

Concrete ........................................... 61 N QQQQ 9QQ

Other ................................................ 16 N N QQQQQQ

No One Major Type ........................... 25 QQQQQQQQ

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 156 201 225 199 237 N N N

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 21 37 48 65 85 N N N

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 QQQQQNNN

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 127 156 174 138 146 N N N

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 53 81 84 74 78 N N N

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 73 79 85 74 99 N N N

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 70 89 107 75 100 N N N

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 80 100 109 82 84 N N N

 Window Replacement .................... 310 63 70 74 50 53 N N N

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 52 78 84 48 53 N N N

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 46 46 60 29 47 N N N

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 QQQQQNNN

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 173 326 337 380 494 N N N

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 N N N N N 707 876 334

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 318 499 541 571 700 668 809 298

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 200 338 313 309 391 303 419 118

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 75 52 75 61 59 63 49 17

District Heat ...................................... 67 6 12 15 13 6 5 8 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q 4 4 5 5 8Q

Propane ............................................ 502 43 37 52 63 68 90 95 54

Other ................................................ 132 Q Q Q 21 49 Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

51
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 330 527 562 579 731 707 876 334

Table B8. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 302 442 493 524 648 618 719 236

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 232 382 430 467 609 577 695 234

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 266 367 416 444 582 531 642 224

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 71 87 119 92 112 112 144 65

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 Q Q Q 17 28 14 19 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 8 8 13 16 28 38 26 12

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 27 85 69 55 83 88 157 98

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 48 60 55 65 68 84 93 50

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 55 70 70 52 82 73 78 18

100 ................................................... 2,962 200 312 368 407 497 460 549 168

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 98 146 132 112 121 129 181 100

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 95 107 125 131 146 151 165 65

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 50 79 81 64 133 90 97 35

100 ................................................... 2,011 87 196 224 272 331 335 433 133

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 47 QQQQQQQQ

1 to 50 .............................................. 929 117 113 125 131 106 131 159 47

51 to 99 ............................................. 1,108 81 124 134 133 199 167 192 77

100 ................................................... 2,176 102 233 253 279 380 348 429 153

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 386 27 54 48 Q 42 56 84 40

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 1,964 171 213 225 255 330 282 334 153

1 to 50 .............................................. 1,882 125 243 266 240 283 285 347 91

51 to 100 ........................................... 136 Q Q Q 18 17 26 19 Q

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 664 24 52 58 66 101 114 176 73

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 Q 31 44 50 82 102 120 39

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 Q Q 25 30 60 63 59 25

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 Q Q Q 14 24 33 55 Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q Q 9 Q 6 10 11 6

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 151 235 259 242 330 252 299 96

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 65 72 120 114 130 119 152 47

District Heat ...................................... 65 Q 12 13 13 6 4 8 Q

Boilers .............................................. 579 105 103 98 82 65 43 56 27

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 25 63 79 106 176 209 226 70

Other ................................................ 205 Q Q Q 24 40 40 35 15

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

52
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 330 527 562 579 731 707 876 334

Table B8. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 83 135 115 112 157 165 184 55

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 Q 36 48 50 77 105 122 46

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 Q Q 27 30 55 66 63 26

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 Q Q Q 14 24 33 53 Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q Q 9 Q 6 10 11 7

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 82 109 124 130 121 90 72 14

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q 4 4 5 5 8Q

Central Chillers ................................. 111 4 8 11 22 24 19 16 8

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 81 147 180 201 294 251 334 125

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 Q Q Q Q 35 18 19 Q

Other ................................................ 40 QQQQQQQQ

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 117 177 189 211 290 212 N N

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 133 198 230 250 319 227 N N

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 2,184 229 276 294 295 362 294 327 109

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 3,943 272 447 491 517 651 598 726 242

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 941 75 113 110 111 151 136 177 69

High Intensity Discharge ................... 455 17 34 55 45 81 65 116 42

Halogen ............................................ 565 55 48 62 51 83 76 128 63

Other ................................................ 8 Q N QQQQQQ

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may apply)

Any Refrigeration............................... 3,176 243 342 401 396 511 487 598 199

 Commercial Refrigeration ............... 1,007 77 111 140 112 155 145 189 78

 Walk-In Units ................................ 666 52 61 71 78 109 109 129 58

 Cases or Cabinets ........................ 825 69 92 115 94 121 118 156 59

 Residential-Type Units .................... 2,370 201 256 308 300 379 365 428 134

 Vending Machines .......................... 996 40 93 114 156 175 148 205 65

No Refrigeration ................................ 1,469 87 186 161 183 220 220 278 136

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 198 320 343 398 512 491 609 210

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 41 93 83 117 165 148 169 60

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 56 107 101 154 219 212 235 90

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 132 206 228 272 337 298 368 128

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 86 127 145 165 261 239 303 95

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 172 304 293 352 457 431 544 162

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 132 215 226 250 314 296 371 135

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

53
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 330 527 562 579 731 707 876 334

Table B8. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 132 207 219 181 218 216 267 125

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 124 187 204 218 243 263 318 113

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 34 62 52 69 100 94 113 34

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 21 24 28 49 69 53 96 30

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 12 28 31 24 64 35 46 15

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 Q 12 17 18 15 24 14 8

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 4 5 9 14 13 14 14 6

250 or More ...................................... 38 Q 3358973

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 273 420 460 426 512 495 640 244

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 51 100 92 136 202 183 214 83

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 Q Q Q 8 7 12 13 5

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 Q Q Q 4 Q 9 6 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 Q Q Q 2 5 6 Q Q

50 or More ........................................ 10 QQQQ 1 2 1Q

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 198 312 336 329 417 411 504 200

One ................................................... 1,250 92 145 159 163 184 165 258 84

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 34 59 55 67 103 103 85 43

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 Q 9 4 13 17 15 19 5

10 or More ........................................ 54 Q 3 7 7 11 13 9 3

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 71 87 118 90 112 112 144 65

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 33 63 82 69 97 59 117 46

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 27 48 57 73 88 104 109 47

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 16 34 42 38 85 76 126 48

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 18 29 45 53 103 93 105 61

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 170 275 293 327 416 413 511 176

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 7 20 24 33 29 48 66 26

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 156 196 232 225 332 373 500 186

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 67 115 128 144 228 261 276 105

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 13 23 33 26 42 63 74 34

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 88 132 138 165 223 190 215 81

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 21 38 30 30 49 60 70 33

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 Q Q Q Q 14 13 18 4

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 55 93 98 112 143 152 186 89

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 155 274 296 311 439 386 519 196

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 Q Q Q 6 7 10 24 6

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

54
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 330 527 562 579 731 707 876 334

Table B8. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 217 317 386 380 473 427 500 179

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 178 292 360 368 454 418 514 177

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 273 429 463 475 603 542 659 241

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 104 172 192 189 239 228 277 104

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web 

site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See 

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

55
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 3,769 6,871 7,045 8,101 10,772 10,332 12,360 5,533

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 490 796 860 690 966 1,149 1,324 515

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 502 827 643 865 1,332 721 1,209 486

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 804 988 1,421 1,460 1,869 1,647 2,388 958

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 677 838 935 1,234 1,720 1,174 1,352 739

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 491 641 927 1,483 1,146 1,390 2,058 921

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 Q 704 1,148 1,039 1,411 1,496 1,934 1,060

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 Q 1,288 569 947 1,243 1,237 984 609

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 Q 790 541 382 1,085 1,518 1,111 Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 410 1,036 1,744 1,665 1,410 1,284 1,546 778

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 Q Q Q Q Q 188 281 Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 281 138 194 Q 227 182 327 Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 Q 203 445 395 754 522 578 185

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 Q Q 318 304 556 358 161 Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 Q Q Q Q 197 164 416 Q

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 Q Q 276 744 840 980 807 489

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 220 445 360 543 900 361 1,080 407

Office ................................................ 12,208 749 1,186 917 1,335 2,162 3,296 1,913 650

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 323 353 780 408 594 448 734 301

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 Q Q Q Q Q Q 327 Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 586 334 603 502 412 414 566 338

Service .............................................. 4,050 Q 473 440 447 996 511 777 263

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 254 1,208 567 1,051 1,462 1,501 2,723 1,312

Other ................................................ 1,738 Q Q Q Q Q Q 492 Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 Q 465 QQQQQQ

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 1,406 2,504 2,094 1,737 1,723 1,374 1,370 698

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 1,552 2,099 2,027 2,229 3,237 1,949 2,746 1,240

South ................................................ 23,489 516 1,348 1,795 2,538 3,726 4,768 6,241 2,557

West ................................................. 11,310 295 920 1,128 1,597 2,086 2,241 2,004 1,038

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 1,227 1088 1075 1,405 2,215 1031 1,838 742

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 1,407 2,217 2,445 2,302 2,967 2,357 2,492 1,148

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 731 1,960 1,388 1,509 1,729 1,673 1,602 912

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 281 1,218 1,596 1,883 2,508 3,115 3,741 1,396

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 Q 388 541 1,001 1,354 2,156 2,687 1,334

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 348 1,730 2,771 3,474 4,484 3,856 6,577 2,742

Two ................................................... 16,270 913 1,539 2,095 2,188 2,977 2,336 2,976 1,245

Three ................................................ 7,501 856 1,396 1,218 795 946 724 960 605

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 1,393 1,525 485 1,013 1,570 1,924 1,485 690

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 Q 681 475 630 797 1,492 Q Q

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

56
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 3,769 6,871 7,045 8,101 10,772 10,332 12,360 5,533

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 24,617 1,624 2,976 1,989 2,914 3,790 4,941 4,093 2,290

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 8,221 588 998 806 1,164 1,103 981 1,687 893

 Two to Five ..................................... 10,129 815 1,334 672 1,123 1,501 2,168 1,577 939

 Six or More ..................................... 6,268 Q 644 512 626 1,187 1,792 830 Q

Any Escalators .................................. 2,350 QQQQQQQQ

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 1,262 2,211 1,897 1,967 2,456 1,625 2,644 1,431

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 524 608 634 642 1,016 1,035 1,206 500

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 481 1,053 896 825 1,331 889 1,565 763

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 713 909 1,536 1,408 1,886 1,274 2,289 973

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 400 668 712 1,201 1,092 1,432 1,557 871

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 Q 518 604 1,145 1,230 1,403 1,338 471

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 Q 903 767 913 1,760 2,674 1,760 524

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 811 841 888 990 977 830 900 625

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 563 1,339 1,725 1,200 1,987 1,891 2,103 813

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 898 2,058 1,608 2,217 2,522 2,643 2,749 1,028

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 615 1,009 1,105 1,103 1,778 1,734 1,950 1,041

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 337 398 619 855 1,157 846 1,974 906

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 545 1,227 1,100 1,735 2,351 2,388 2,684 1,120

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 49,421 3,119 4,879 4,994 5,660 8,167 8,564 9,529 4,508

 Owner Occupied ............................. 23,591 1,716 2,883 2,514 2,917 3,410 4,095 4,039 2,016

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 23,914 1,357 1,597 2,252 2,452 4,315 4,336 5,289 2,315

 Unoccupied ..................................... 1,916 QQQQQQQQ

Government Owned .......................... 15,363 650 1,992 2,050 2,441 2,605 1,768 2,830 1,025

 Federal ........................................... 1,956 Q Q Q 333 QQQQ

 State ............................................... 3,808 Q 282 377 819 738 566 713 Q

 Local ............................................... 9,599 440 1,020 1,551 1,289 1,572 1,094 1,758 874

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 Q 465 QQQQQQ

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 QQQQQQQQ

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 994 1,623 1,063 1,342 1,751 2,599 1,953 1,056

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 2,519 4,784 5,629 6,283 8,568 7,581 10,197 4,272

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 45,144 2,460 4,557 5,229 5,582 7,604 6,287 9,151 4,273

2 to 5 ................................................ 10,960 788 997 1,145 1,476 1,552 2,142 2,080 780

6 to 10 .............................................. 1,958 Q Q Q 306 297 387 Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 1,951 Q Q Q Q 277 491 Q Q

More than 20 ..................................... 2,609 Q Q Q Q 600 882 Q Q

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 2,161 Q 465 QQQQQQ

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

57
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 3,769 6,871 7,045 8,101 10,772 10,332 12,360 5,533

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 32,817 2,987 5,611 4,324 4,157 4,469 4,435 4,960 1,874

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 10,832 178 784 1,734 1,936 1,964 1,546 1,615 1,075

Concrete Panels ............................... 6,559 Q Q Q 557 1,362 1,676 1,740 1059

Siding or Shingles ............................. 4,120 518 325 343 409 595 522 1,179 228

Metal Panels ..................................... 7,912 Q Q 439 747 1,757 1,512 2,356 1016

Window Glass ................................... 1,024 N Q Q Q Q 289 Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,113 QQQQQQQQ

No One Major Type ........................... 406 QQQQQQQQ

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 21,170 1,202 2,825 2,619 3,154 3,875 3,538 3,020 937

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 10,195 1,171 878 1,298 1,304 1,415 1,450 1,829 849

Metal Surfacing ................................. 11,944 218 328 526 994 1,955 2,014 4,101 1,807

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 14,730 658 1,328 1,544 2,160 2,581 2,218 2,656 1,584

Slate or Tile ...................................... 2,462 293 562 330 Q 341 239 388 Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 887 QQQQQQQQ

Concrete ........................................... 2,231 N Q Q Q Q 365 Q Q

Other ................................................ 598 N N QQQQQQ

No One Major Type ........................... 565 QQQQQQQQ

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 17,844 1,861 3,353 3,932 3,805 4,893 N N N

 Addition or Annex ........................... 6,551 517 934 1,618 1,433 2,048 N N N

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 1,012 QQQQQNNN

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 13,119 1,490 2,460 2,801 2,958 3,410 N N N

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 8,070 700 1,549 1,919 1,910 1,993 N N N

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 8,518 823 1,713 1,655 1,957 2,370 N N N

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 10,768 951 2,196 2,289 2,616 2,716 N N N

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 10,275 1,076 2,141 2,266 2,359 2,433 N N N

 Window Replacement .................... 6,354 759 1,626 1,706 1,209 1,054 N N N

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 7,144 730 1,671 1,611 1,603 1,527 N N N

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 4,015 565 911 736 934 869 N N N

 Other Renovation ........................... 523 QQQQQNNN

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 18,714 1,908 3,518 3,113 4,296 5,879 N N N

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 28,225 NNNNN 10,332 12,360 5,533

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 3,730 6,595 6,838 8,057 10,555 10,154 12,078 5,299

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 2,759 4,679 4,659 5,635 7,659 6,469 8,177 3,431

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 961 1,986 2,048 1,685 2,187 3,079 2,086 1,125

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 294 1,207 705 853 588 888 705 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 Q Q 359 446 456 531 804 Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 338 961 726 746 1,222 922 1,428 733

Other ................................................ 1,401 Q Q Q 281 401 Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

58
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 3,769 6,871 7,045 8,101 10,772 10,332 12,360 5,533

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 3,667 6,236 6,534 7,510 10,223 9,808 11,254 4,796

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 2,891 4,919 6,045 7,125 9,973 9,836 11,304 4,848

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 3,353 5,292 5,924 7,202 9,787 9,420 10,816 4,683

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 1,362 2,242 3,156 2,669 3,431 3,677 3,597 2,104

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 Q Q Q 514 537 429 572 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 232 852 1,210 1,442 2,275 3,238 2,401 1,171

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 102 635 511 591 549 524 1,106 737

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 635 819 506 557 998 1,054 1,370 911

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 676 1,066 869 867 1,248 1,361 1,480 540

100 ................................................... 45,071 2,356 4,351 5,159 6,086 7,978 7,394 8,403 3,345

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 7,843 878 1,952 999 976 799 496 1,056 686

1 to 50 .............................................. 16,598 1,320 1,990 2,083 2,202 2,751 2,061 3,000 1,190

51 to 99 ............................................. 13,211 728 1,445 1,490 1,734 2,112 2,324 2,421 956

100 ................................................... 27,132 842 1,484 2,473 3,189 5,110 5,450 5,883 2,701

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 293 QQQQQQQQ

1 to 50 .............................................. 10,203 1,264 1,417 1,295 1,456 1,117 1,193 1,653 808

51 to 99 ............................................. 18,288 1,132 1,731 2,026 2,437 3,487 3,077 3,074 1,324

100 ................................................... 32,789 1,132 3,166 3,313 3,824 5,645 5,752 7,024 2,933

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 3,210 225 530 400 Q 516 291 494 389

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 17,385 1,538 1,962 1,699 1,988 2,965 2,065 3,309 1,860

1 to 50 .............................................. 30,948 1,587 3,289 3,977 4,114 5,001 5,317 5,535 2,127

51 to 100 ........................................... 2,093 Q Q Q 260 274 427 659 Q

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 14,357 584 1,503 1,307 1,739 2,532 2,523 2,857 1,311

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 Q 622 848 827 1,378 2,018 1,974 999

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 Q Q 540 512 1,019 1,528 1,031 556

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 Q Q Q 336 426 451 738 Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 Q Q 283 Q 238 626 442 446

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 1,350 2,085 2,475 2,346 3,612 2,418 3,971 1,359

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 782 1,427 1,442 1,469 2,393 1,799 2,433 800

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 Q 1,203 661 786 573 780 691 Q

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 1,926 2,744 3,081 2,957 3,339 2,803 2,257 1,316

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 390 979 1,422 1,993 3,443 3,816 4,067 1,911

Other ................................................ 3,262 Q Q Q 242 779 641 814 401

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

59
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 3,769 6,871 7,045 8,101 10,772 10,332 12,360 5,533

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 722 1,573 1,175 1,421 1,961 1,397 2,066 720

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 Q 653 888 794 1,392 2,055 2,038 1,064

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 Q Q 527 479 997 1,522 987 582

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 Q Q Q 336 400 468 693 Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 Q Q 283 Q 298 698 581 460

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 1,278 1,534 2,594 1,888 2,065 1,342 1,366 492

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 Q Q 359 446 456 531 804 Q

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 392 1,063 891 1,776 2,323 2,801 1,426 963

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 1,198 2,847 3,023 3,596 5,400 4,855 6,264 2,787

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 Q Q Q Q 483 324 252 Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 QQQQQQQQ

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 1,309 2,176 2,567 2,983 4,287 3,080 N N

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 1,714 2,560 3,412 4,169 5,275 3,865 N N

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 38,528 2,663 4,107 4,324 4,866 7,003 6,213 6,466 2,885

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 59,688 3,430 6,078 6,488 7,739 10,048 9,743 11,358 4,803

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 27,571 1,300 2,827 2,461 3,605 4,613 5,286 4,899 2,581

High Intensity Discharge ................... 20,643 536 2,351 2,105 2,284 3,530 3,417 4,419 2,002

Halogen ............................................ 17,703 881 1,225 1,973 1,798 2,921 3,384 3,352 2,169

Other ................................................ 269 Q N QQQQQQ

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may apply)

Any Refrigeration............................... 52,974 2,939 5,006 6,028 6,610 8,830 8,725 10,347 4,488

 Commercial Refrigeration ............... 26,768 1,297 2,580 3,544 3,090 4,422 4,728 4,568 2,539

 Walk-In Units ................................ 20,254 990 1,853 2,399 2,324 3,461 3,840 3,341 2,046

 Cases or Cabinets ........................ 20,424 951 1,829 2,712 2,452 3,517 3,659 3,390 1,914

 Residential-Type Units .................... 38,884 2,323 4,088 4,700 4,898 6,412 6,253 7,130 3,081

 Vending Machines .......................... 35,335 1,074 3,426 3,332 4,699 6,208 6,219 7,248 3,127

No Refrigeration ................................ 11,809 830 1,865 1,017 1,491 1,943 1,607 2,012 1,045

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 55,627 3,008 5,546 5,690 7,076 9,391 9,427 10,778 4,712

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 26,417 997 2,729 2,275 3,234 4,887 5,227 4,835 2,232

Dedicated Servers ............................ 36,338 1,428 3,502 3,207 4,600 6,083 7,254 7,067 3,198

Laser Printers ................................... 33,012 1,991 3,431 3,818 4,501 5,719 5,037 5,942 2,574

Inkjet Printers .................................... 32,210 1,581 2,518 2,888 3,793 5,648 6,132 6,775 2,875

FAX Machines .................................. 52,373 2,692 5,136 5,380 6,501 8,944 9,052 10,428 4,241

Photocopiers ..................................... 46,257 2,173 4,289 5,011 5,828 7,922 8,081 9,146 3,805

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

60
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 3,769 6,871 7,045 8,101 10,772 10,332 12,360 5,533

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 9,156 761 1,325 1,355 1,025 1,382 905 1,582 821

1 to 4 ................................................ 12,395 1,072 1,389 1,560 1,626 1,920 1,465 2,323 1,040

5 to 9 ................................................ 7,179 353 1,022 749 799 1,143 878 1,653 583

10 to 19 ............................................. 6,610 621 280 367 793 1,315 1,146 1,484 604

20 to 49 ............................................. 7,414 343 591 874 828 1,369 981 1,660 768

50 to 99 ............................................. 5,376 Q 790 633 749 615 1,158 900 346

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,690 321 467 719 1011 1,128 1,138 1,109 798

250 or More ...................................... 9,963 Q 1,007 789 1,270 1,901 2,661 1,650 573

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 28,445 2,341 3,370 3,838 3,501 4,690 3,078 5,293 2,335

1 to 4 ................................................ 24,116 1,108 2,196 2,140 3,365 4,122 4,074 4,729 2,383

5 to 9 ................................................ 3,864 Q Q 329 316 559 733 852 327

10 to 19 ............................................. 3,027 Q Q Q 397 426 645 645 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 2,583 Q Q Q 357 580 984 Q Q

50 or More ........................................ 2,748 Q Q Q Q 396 819 560 Q

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 18,526 1,596 2,582 2,034 2,273 2,850 2,251 3,213 1,728

One ................................................... 15,475 942 1,517 1,865 1,815 2,473 1,828 3,684 1,351

2 to 4 ................................................ 15,082 897 1,210 1,561 2,115 2,415 2,625 2,850 1,409

5 to 9 ................................................ 5,515 Q Q 443 828 990 936 1029 476

10 or More ........................................ 10,185 Q 906 1,142 1,070 2,044 2,692 1,584 570

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 1,362 2,242 3,145 2,667 3,431 3,677 3,597 2,104

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 842 1,752 2,318 2,413 3,394 3,332 3,518 1,912

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 893 2,605 2,724 3,459 4,548 5,488 4,680 2,476

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 775 1,163 1,526 2,001 3,338 4,459 4,259 2,076

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 645 1,529 1,444 2,519 4,071 4,606 4,113 2,182

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 2,526 5,413 5,145 6,217 8,562 8,728 10,138 4,433

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 365 1,195 1,415 2,156 2,337 3,585 3,069 1,509

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 2,187 3,565 3,894 3,813 6,000 6,907 8,351 4,193

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 874 2,373 2,319 3,511 5,312 6,267 6,177 3,053

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 264 579 736 674 1,474 1,861 1,706 1,251

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 939 1,503 1,705 2,338 2,932 2,878 3,411 1,537

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 566 1,301 800 1,359 1,950 2,821 2,809 941

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 Q Q Q Q 365 758 613 400

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 1,184 2,959 2,197 3,166 4,242 4,850 5,080 2,439

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 2,293 4,825 4,820 5,742 7,772 8,207 8,953 4,270

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 4,781 Q Q Q 404 830 1,372 1,095 514

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

61
1919 or

Before

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to 

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1989

1990 to

1999

2000 to

2003

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 3,769 6,871 7,045 8,101 10,772 10,332 12,360 5,533

Table B9. Year Constructed, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Year Constructed

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 2,432 4,062 5,080 5,661 7,210 7,206 7,755 3,316

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 2,244 3,884 4,974 5,408 7,177 7,572 8,365 3,580

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 2,905 4,947 5,495 5,932 7,754 7,266 8,827 3,864

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 1,180 2,143 2,872 2,526 3,017 2,596 3,556 1,506

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web 

site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See 

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

62
All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,136 1,031 339 128 12 64,783 25,981 16,270 7,501 10,085 4,947

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,014 411 115 Q N 6,789 5,192 1,217 343 Q N

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 564 239 70 Q N 6,585 4,150 1,814 504 Q N

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 399 248 74 18 Q 11,535 6,160 3,966 1,115 292 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 92 77 46 26 Q 8,668 3,296 2,772 1,631 964 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 46 35 21 25 Q 9,057 3,187 2,456 1,481 1,822 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 16 13 11 23 3 9,064 2,159 1,896 1,418 3,150 442

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 4 6 3 8 4 7,176 1,134 1,775 730 2,186 1,350

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 Q Q Q 2 3 5,908 Q Q Q 1,516 3,036

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 281 60 31 14 Q 9,874 3,696 2,911 1,639 1,585 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 226 183 29 Q Q N 1,255 961 263 Q Q N

Food Service ..................................... 297 210 54 28 Q N 1,654 937 379 176 Q N

Health Care ....................................... 129 69 38 14 6 1 3,163 522 523 378 1,178 561

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 Q Q Q 3 1 1,905 Q Q Q 989 527

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 68 37 Q 3 Q 1,258 441 428 Q 189 Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 48 52 17 23 3 5,096 646 950 618 2,007 875

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 311 103 25 Q Q 4,317 2,742 932 416 Q Q

Office ................................................ 824 441 234 98 44 6 12,208 2,460 2,269 1,810 2,644 3,025

Public Assembly ............................... 277 168 81 16 11 Q 3,939 1,448 1,428 308 693 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 50 Q Q Q Q 1,090 371 Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 193 134 40 Q N 3,754 1,255 1,613 737 Q N

Service .............................................. 622 510 95 Q Q N 4,050 2,713 1,000 Q Q N

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 493 84 Q Q Q 10,078 6,637 2,684 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 79 57 15 Q 4 Q 1,738 630 375 Q 518 Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 122 38 Q Q N 2,567 963 780 Q Q N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 80 116 92 41 Q 3,769 348 913 856 1,393 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 236 187 78 25 2 6,871 1,730 1,539 1,396 1,525 681

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 374 135 46 6 1 7,045 2,771 2,095 1,218 485 475

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 402 122 42 10 2 8,101 3,474 2,188 795 1,013 630

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 536 148 32 13 1 10,772 4,484 2,977 946 1,570 797

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 536 130 21 16 3 10,332 3,856 2,336 724 1,924 1,492

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 699 141 23 11 Q 12,360 6,577 2,976 960 1,485 Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 272 51 5 6 Q 5,533 2,742 1,245 605 690 Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 312 230 130 50 4 12,905 3,151 3,029 2,083 3,003 1,640

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 801 328 107 29 2 17,080 6,104 5,177 2,584 2,660 555

South ................................................ 1,775 1,381 289 68 33 4 23,489 11,757 4,946 1,938 3,094 1,754

West ................................................. 878 642 183 35 16 3 11,310 4,969 3,118 896 1,328 999

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 526 214 90 25 1 10,622 3,750 3,146 1,664 1,731 330

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 677 333 126 34 3 17,335 6,253 4,867 2,643 2,525 1,047

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 400 159 70 40 4 11,504 3,156 2,623 1,228 2,744 1,752

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1,017 198 41 17 3 15,739 8,011 3,423 1,473 1,982 850

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 516 127 12 12 2 9,584 4,810 2,210 492 1,103 968

Table B10. Number of Floors, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

63
All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,136 1,031 339 128 12 64,783 25,981 16,270 7,501 10,085 4,947

Table B10. Number of Floors, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 N 121 91 85 12 24,617 N 5,636 4,758 9,276 4,947

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 N 110 69 30 Q 8,221 N 4,446 2,416 1,355 Q

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 N 10 22 51 5 10,129 N 1,129 2,178 5,851 971

 Six or More ..................................... 13 N Q Q 5 7 6,268 N Q Q 2,069 3,973

Any Escalators .................................. 6 N Q Q 2 2 2,350 N Q Q 631 1,443

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,005 491 134 23 N 15,492 9,898 3,706 1,282 605 N

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 515 174 77 12 Q 6,166 3,480 1,627 637 404 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 333 162 48 20 Q 7,803 3,538 2,277 942 1,040 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 198 134 40 24 Q 10,989 4,535 3,664 1,325 1,249 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 69 41 19 17 Q 7,934 2,649 2,254 1,321 1,470 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 13 25 18 19 2 6,871 1,250 1,774 1,341 2,134 372

250 or More ...................................... 30 3 4 3 13 7 9,528 630 968 653 3,182 4,095

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 736 204 53 8 N 6,863 3,647 2,112 604 499 N

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 757 254 81 25 Q 11,622 5,372 3,560 1,408 971 Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 689 251 88 30 3 15,723 6,878 3,843 1,807 2,031 1,164

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 362 145 61 21 2 10,334 4,008 2,531 1,549 1,372 875

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 304 60 26 10 Q 7,092 3,103 1,938 752 1,127 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 475 287 117 31 34 5 13,149 2,974 2,286 1,380 4,084 2,425

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 2,675 921 303 102 10 49,421 20,203 12,450 5,694 6,678 4,396

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 1,119 478 175 65 4 23,591 8,613 5,914 3,061 3,822 2,181

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 1,454 414 120 36 6 23,914 10,719 5,901 2,402 2,677 2,215

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 102 29 Q Q N 1,916 870 636 Q Q N

Government Owned .......................... 635 461 110 37 26 2 15,363 5,779 3,819 1,807 3,406 551

 Federal ........................................... 46 35 Q Q 2 0 1,956 902 Q Q 650 136

 State ............................................... 164 114 28 9 13 Q 3,808 917 842 349 1,531 Q

 Local ............................................... 425 312 79 22 11 Q 9,599 3,959 2,834 1,332 1,226 Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 111 33 Q Q N 2,161 889 652 Q Q N

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q Q Q Q N 406 Q Q Q Q N

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 323 120 57 43 6 12,382 2,671 2,495 1,565 2,791 2,859

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 2,691 872 264 82 6 49,834 22,347 12,994 5,544 6,861 2,088

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 2,670 757 244 79 3 45,144 20,956 11,910 5,084 5,860 1,332

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 333 211 64 31 3 10,960 3,717 2,858 1,279 2,335 772

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 17 19 9 8 Q 1,958 265 527 259 697 Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 Q Q 5 5 1 1,951 Q Q 481 496 693

More than 20 ..................................... 14 Q Q Q 2 3 2,609 Q Q Q 345 1,940

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 111 33 Q Q N 2,161 889 652 Q Q N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

64
All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,136 1,031 339 128 12 64,783 25,981 16,270 7,501 10,085 4,947

Table B10. Number of Floors, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 1,181 550 221 87 6 32,817 11,171 8,286 4,955 6,221 2,183

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 586 153 29 15 2 10,832 4,865 3,076 885 1,399 607

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 78 32 8 11 2 6,559 2,027 1,475 450 1,510 1,098

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 541 161 70 Q Q 4,120 2,247 1,121 663 Q Q

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 717 98 Q Q Q 7,912 5,364 1,836 Q Q Q

Window Glass ................................... 17 Q Q Q 3 Q 1,024 Q Q Q 336 Q

Other ................................................ 47 Q 26 Q Q Q 1,113 Q 257 Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 18 Q Q Q Q Q 406 Q Q Q Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 635 266 77 52 6 21,170 6,713 5,475 2,370 4,042 2,571

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 869 320 113 21 Q 10,195 4,557 3,249 1,305 839 Q

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 1,086 172 28 Q Q 11,944 8,397 2,678 559 Q Q

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 259 145 68 34 4 14,730 4,041 3,241 2,193 3,650 1,605

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 144 70 38 11 Q 2,462 793 642 605 385 Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 76 36 Q Q Q 887 363 317 Q Q Q

Concrete ........................................... 61 42 Q Q 4 Q 2,231 808 Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 16 Q Q Q Q Q 598 Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 25 Q Q Q Q Q 565 Q Q Q Q Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 521 308 140 44 5 17,844 4,985 5,121 2,878 3,047 1,812

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 146 68 28 13 1 6,551 1,731 2,188 1,024 1,025 582

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 Q Q Q Q Q 1,012 Q Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 345 246 110 37 3 13,119 3,416 3,935 1,852 2,442 1,474

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 182 118 50 19 2 8,070 1,892 2,625 1,010 1,525 1,018

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 183 135 64 25 3 8,518 1,905 2,622 1,024 1,706 1,261

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 177 157 72 31 3 10,768 2,362 3,053 1,576 2,302 1,476

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 202 151 71 27 3 10,275 2,335 3,084 1,448 2,092 1,317

 Window Replacement .................... 310 118 110 59 22 1 6,354 1,189 1,965 1,001 1,412 787

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 140 108 45 19 2 7,144 1,510 2,200 782 1,510 1,142

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 106 75 29 17 1 4,015 1,121 1,154 470 852 417

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 Q Q Q Q Q 523 Q Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 1,107 401 149 51 2 18,714 7,821 4,592 2,333 2,939 1,029

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 1,507 322 50 33 5 28,225 13,174 6,557 2,289 4,099 2,105

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 2,919 1,011 333 128 12 63,307 24,935 15,978 7,381 10,065 4,947

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 1,431 617 242 93 9 43,468 14,940 11,441 5,668 7,670 3,749

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 209 142 57 34 9 15,157 2,518 2,724 1,914 4,101 3,899

District Heat ...................................... 67 14 19 11 20 3 5,443 Q 515 458 2,473 1,366

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 10 6 4 11 1 2,853 259 302 262 1,458 571

Propane ............................................ 502 362 98 35 6 Q 7,076 3,403 2,004 923 512 Q

Other ................................................ 61 35 Q Q Q Q 909 338 Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

65
All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All

Buildings*One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four 

to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

More

Floors

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,136 1,031 339 128 12 64,783 25,981 16,270 7,501 10,085 4,947

Table B10. Number of Floors, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 2,566 960 319 125 12 60,028 22,744 15,408 7,198 9,744 4,933

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 2,340 864 290 120 12 56,940 21,419 14,544 6,437 9,673 4,867

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 2,134 899 304 124 11 56,478 20,164 14,914 6,915 9,688 4,796

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 462 201 90 42 6 22,237 5,784 5,265 2,909 5,021 3,258

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 79 27 Q 2 Q 3,138 1,127 1,095 Q 305 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 59 39 19 25 7 12,821 1,835 2,177 1,398 3,914 3,496

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 2,184 1,191 628 254 102 10 38,528 10,640 9,812 5,620 8,192 4,264

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 3,943 2,583 916 310 122 11 59,688 22,875 15,172 7,057 9,691 4,893

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 941 456 295 108 71 10 27,571 5,431 6,571 3,914 7,324 4,332

High Intensity Discharge ................... 455 260 116 41 32 6 20,643 6,176 4,893 2,582 4,088 2,904

Halogen ............................................ 565 278 186 53 42 7 17,703 3,811 4,590 2,026 4,145 3,131

Other ................................................ 8 Q Q Q Q Q 269 Q Q Q Q Q

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 1,293 602 216 83 7 38,910 12,346 10,522 5,410 7,340 3,291

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 841 338 90 46 8 29,887 9,736 7,347 3,429 5,541 3,835

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 193 72 27 13 3 8,544 1,856 2,015 1,353 1,748 1,571

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 817 282 93 39 2 17,242 7,117 4,490 2,075 2,631 930

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 166 94 46 21 3 12,546 2,783 3,446 1,664 3,032 1,621

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 37 25 4 7 1 2,868 442 695 314 887 531

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 561 222 84 52 8 26,118 7,764 5,520 3,187 5,960 3,686

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 1,679 590 197 100 11 46,882 16,453 10,947 5,686 9,015 4,780

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 38 10 4 6 2 4,781 1,153 962 370 1,091 1,204

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to 

the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

66
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 386 226 297 8 121 142 443

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 162 164 202 N 56 38 241

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 56 44 65 N 38 21 97

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 60 Q 23 Q 19 38 83

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 48 Q Q Q Q 23 14

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 39 Q Q Q 3 11 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 16 Q N Q Q 7 4

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 5 N Q 2 Q 4 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 Q N N 1 N Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 12 Q 32 Q Q Q 37

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 26 Q 34 Q Q 11 66

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 78 Q 30 Q Q 17 62

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 60 Q Q 1 Q 25 59

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 58 Q 46 2 14 25 90

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 44 33 46 2 18 21 44

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 75 56 66 0 36 30 68

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 32 Q Q Q Q 6 17

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 31 40 37 1 17 27 76

 New England .................................. 233 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 21 Q 27 1 Q 9 46

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 63 57 88 2 29 34 111

 East North Central .......................... 696 34 43 54 1 19 15 69

 West North Central ......................... 571 29 Q 34 Q Q 19 42

South ................................................ 1,775 156 94 127 4 44 52 197

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 87 49 61 Q 25 26 106

 East South Central .......................... 348 Q Q 24 Q Q 13 42

 West South Central ......................... 553 56 Q 42 1 Q 13 49

West ................................................. 878 136 Q 45 1 30 30 60

 Mountain ......................................... 299 39 Q Q Q Q 16 21

 Pacific ............................................. 580 97 Q 34 1 17 14 39

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 38 45 48 1 21 29 69

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 89 59 71 2 29 38 103

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 35 Q 45 1 22 25 88

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 143 57 78 3 28 36 133

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 81 Q 54 1 21 15 50

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 281 183 210 Q 68 48 311

Two ................................................... 1,031 60 29 54 Q 37 52 103

Three ................................................ 339 31 Q 28 Q Q 17 25

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 14 Q Q 3 3 23 Q

Ten or More ...................................... 12 Q N N 1 Q 3 Q

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Table B11. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Number of Buildings for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Health Care

All

Buildings* Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

67
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 386 226 297 8 121 142 443

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Table B11. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Number of Buildings for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Health Care

All

Buildings* Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 50 Q Q 6 12 30 14

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 37 Q Q Q 8 11 Q

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 12 N Q 3 3 17 Q

 Six or More ..................................... 13 Q N N 2 Q Q Q

Any Escalators .................................. 6 Q N Q Q Q Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 150 162 101 N Q 78 268

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 49 Q 92 N 41 18 90

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 57 Q 68 Q Q 18 57

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 69 Q 30 Q 26 16 14

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 42 Q Q Q Q 8 12

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 15 Q Q 4 5 4 3

250 or More ...................................... 30 3 N N 3 Q Q Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 74 Q 26 N Q Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 124 Q Q N 53 Q 96

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 119 Q 35 N 32 N 159

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 56 46 102 N Q Q 118

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 12 106 101 N Q Q 30

Open Continuously ........................... 475 Q 45 Q 8 Q 140 Q

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 141 224 283 7 115 134 441

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 83 94 72 4 64 48 189

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 58 130 211 3 51 86 252

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 N N N N N N N

Government Owned .......................... 635 245 Q Q 1 Q 9 Q

 Federal ........................................... 46 Q N N Q Q Q Q

 State ............................................... 164 59 Q Q Q Q Q N

 Local ............................................... 425 175 Q Q Q Q Q N

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 N N N N N N N

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 N N N N N N N

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 55 Q 24 1 18 18 26

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 331 212 274 7 103 124 417

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 360 203 270 6 84 130 368

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 21 Q 26 1 32 12 68

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 Q N Q Q Q Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 N N N Q Q N Q

More than 20 ..................................... 14 N Q N Q Q N Q

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 N N N N N N N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

68
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 386 226 297 8 121 142 443

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Table B11. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Number of Buildings for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Health Care

All

Buildings* Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 3,169 105 207 271 2 101 73 377

College or University ......................... 83 40 N Q Q Q 10 Q

Primary or Secondary School ........... 254 186 N Q N Q Q N

Office Complex ................................. 111 Q Q N Q Q Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 151 N Q Q N N N 46

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 195 39 N Q N N Q N

Health Care Complex ........................ 39 Q N Q 6 16 6 N

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 61 Q N Q N N 39 Q

Government Complex ....................... 87 N N Q N Q N N

Other ................................................ 496 Q N Q N Q Q Q

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 220 116 170 5 71 74 166

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 44 50 55 Q Q 22 121

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 10 Q Q 1 Q Q 8

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 78 Q 51 Q Q 41 71

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 30 Q Q Q Q N 69

Window Glass ................................... 17 Q N Q Q N Q Q

Other ................................................ 47 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 18 Q N Q Q N Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 112 62 96 4 25 23 129

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 116 71 64 Q 52 72 98

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 65 Q 49 Q Q Q 109

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 53 33 55 3 12 14 68

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 32 Q Q Q Q 11 Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 Q Q Q N Q Q Q

Concrete ........................................... 61 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 16 Q Q Q N N Q N

No One Major Type ........................... 25 Q Q Q Q Q N Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 105 48 79 4 28 35 115

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 31 Q Q 4 Q 13 18

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 Q N Q Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 77 37 67 3 25 29 86

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 49 Q 25 1 Q 17 39

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 37 Q 24 2 23 14 48

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 60 Q 37 4 Q 20 50

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 65 Q 29 2 Q 17 43

 Window Replacement .................... 310 40 Q Q 1 Q 16 33

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 42 Q 29 1 Q 17 38

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 23 Q Q 1 Q Q 23

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 130 77 86 1 30 50 200

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 151 100 133 2 63 57 128

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

69
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 386 226 297 8 121 142 443

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Table B11. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Number of Buildings for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Health Care

All

Buildings* Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 384 221 297 8 121 142 443

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 213 98 226 7 65 86 245

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 26 Q Q 7 6 28 37

District Heat ...................................... 67 26 N Q 1 Q 6 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 14 N Q 1 Q Q Q

Propane ............................................ 502 43 Q 52 Q Q 24 47

Other ................................................ 61 Q Q N Q N Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 382 188 282 8 116 142 408

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 352 210 283 8 121 130 406

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 298 186 297 8 119 142 314

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 125 84 284 7 Q 47 14

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 16 Q Q 7 5 19 7

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 66 Q 26 Q 19 25 42

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 31 Q Q Q Q 11 27

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 14 Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 27 N Q Q Q 14 Q

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 111 77 125 Q 58 31 227

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 67 Q 28 1 19 57 75

District Heat ...................................... 65 25 N Q 1 Q Q Q

Boilers .............................................. 579 84 Q 36 6 16 42 30

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 99 46 103 3 25 31 97

Other ................................................ 205 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 59 36 69 1 46 23 95

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 63 Q 30 Q 19 25 50

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 27 Q Q Q Q 11 34

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 14 Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 27 N Q Q Q 14 Q

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 87 Q 33 3 Q 71 82

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 14 N Q 1 Q Q Q

Central Chillers ................................. 111 36 N Q 4 4 11 Q

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 139 107 176 5 52 39 200

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 Q Q Q Q N Q Q

Other ................................................ 40 Q Q Q Q N Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 82 53 81 2 40 56 128

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 109 75 98 4 41 63 170

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

70
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 386 226 297 8 121 142 443

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Table B11. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Number of Buildings for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Health Care

All

Buildings* Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 343 138 172 6 118 97 317

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 89 Q 40 5 48 33 68

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 127 36 44 6 48 42 103

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 227 82 113 3 54 62 223

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 143 56 51 5 70 42 129

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 199 118 168 8 114 85 330

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 207 60 27 8 95 56 163

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 43 88 125 Q Q 46 126

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 113 116 139 Q 56 47 215

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 36 Q 26 Q Q 23 67

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 50 Q Q Q 21 12 21

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 50 Q Q Q Q 6 14

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 41 N N Q 4 Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 39 N N 1 Q Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 38 14 N N 2 Q Q Q

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 259 189 253 Q 73 100 340

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 112 36 41 3 46 41 100

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 8 Q Q 0 Q Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 Q N N 1 Q Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 Q N N 1 Q Q Q

50 or More ........................................ 10 Q N N 0 Q Q N

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 179 166 270 Q Q 87 280

One ................................................... 1,250 94 53 21 Q 66 39 140

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 90 Q Q Q 22 13 23

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 18 N N 1 4 Q Q

10 or More ........................................ 54 5 N N 4 3 Q Q

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 125 84 284 7 Q 47 14

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 79 Q 123 7 13 104 15

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 146 Q Q 5 17 22 14

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 83 Q 41 5 24 20 31

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 88 Q 47 4 20 24 34

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 294 129 201 8 89 101 233

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 100 Q Q 2 9 5 14

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

71
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 386 226 297 8 121 142 443

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Table B11. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Number of Buildings for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Health Care

All

Buildings* Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 174 115 163 7 79 93 201

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 134 48 107 6 46 27 158

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 28 Q 29 3 14 14 19

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 91 74 142 4 26 56 183

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 32 Q Q 3 9 19 29

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 7 Q Q 1 Q 8 Q

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 97 33 49 4 26 30 74

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 269 136 178 7 79 83 293

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 23 Q Q Q Q Q 4

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 315 70 193 3 92 70 315

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 308 90 211 3 93 75 325

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 359 165 271 N 116 Q 426

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 239 38 54 N 61 Q 154

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web 

site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

72
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 9,874 1,255 1,654 1,905 1,258 5,096 4,317

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 409 409 544 N 165 99 638

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 399 356 442 N 280 160 725

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 931 Q 345 Q 312 631 1,284

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 1,756 Q Q Q Q 803 578

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 2,690 Q Q Q 206 841 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 2,167 Q N Q Q 930 524

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 1,420 N Q 467 Q 1,185 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 Q N N 973 N Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 410 Q 281 Q Q Q 220

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 1,036 Q 138 Q Q Q 445

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 1,744 Q 194 318 Q 276 360

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 1,665 Q Q 304 Q 744 543

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 1,410 Q 227 556 197 840 900

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 1,284 188 182 358 164 980 361

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 1,546 281 327 161 416 807 1,080

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 778 Q Q Q Q 489 407

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 1,683 238 172 358 177 1,171 630

 New England .................................. 2,964 Q Q Q Q Q 374 Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 9,941 1,384 Q 127 310 Q 797 419

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 2,541 320 453 438 359 1,144 880

 East North Central .......................... 11,595 1,990 218 248 316 235 548 544

 West North Central ......................... 5,485 552 Q 206 Q Q 595 337

South ................................................ 23,489 3,983 487 764 838 438 1,694 1,844

 South Atlantic ................................. 12,258 2,445 223 433 469 280 939 897

 East South Central .......................... 3,393 341 Q 99 Q Q 368 353

 West South Central ......................... 7,837 1,198 Q 232 235 Q 387 594

West ................................................. 11,310 1,667 Q 265 270 283 1,087 963

 Mountain ......................................... 3,675 640 Q Q Q Q 438 210

 Pacific ............................................. 7,635 1,027 Q 232 176 147 649 753

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 1,537 271 227 262 213 768 710

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 2,800 368 400 450 334 1,314 865

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 1,403 Q 219 323 240 1,132 695

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 2,435 273 440 592 252 1,275 1,454

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 1,698 Q 366 278 218 608 592

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 3,696 961 937 Q 441 646 2,742

Two ................................................... 16,270 2,911 263 379 Q 428 950 932

Three ................................................ 7,501 1,639 Q 176 Q Q 618 416

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 1,585 Q Q 989 189 2,007 Q

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 Q N N 527 Q 875 Q

Table B12. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Health Care

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

73
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 9,874 1,255 1,654 1,905 1,258 5,096 4,317

Table B12. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Health Care

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 24,617 4,476 Q Q 1,813 532 3,377 584

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 8,221 2,690 Q Q Q 212 584 Q

 Two to Five ..................................... 10,129 1,767 N Q 413 257 2,033 Q

 Six or More ..................................... 6,268 Q N N 1,365 Q Q Q

Any Escalators .................................. 2,350 Q N Q Q Q Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 612 484 336 N Q 802 1,235

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 378 Q 413 N 254 437 828

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 740 Q 421 Q Q 1,023 755

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 2,565 Q 367 Q 312 1,049 440

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 2,928 Q Q Q Q 703 572

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 1,995 Q Q 379 304 562 333

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 655 N N 1,464 Q Q Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 663 Q 98 N Q Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 2,556 Q Q N 450 Q 469

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 2,942 Q 178 N 421 N 1,434

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 2,317 249 512 N Q Q 1,486

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 1,313 639 651 N Q Q 629

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 Q 252 Q 1,905 Q 5,054 Q

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 49,421 2,070 1,243 1,547 1,557 1,105 4,734 4,312

 Owner Occupied ............................. 23,591 1,232 541 489 911 700 1,624 2,020

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 23,914 839 702 1,058 646 405 3,110 2,292

 Unoccupied ..................................... 1,916 N N N N N N N

Government Owned .......................... 15,363 7,804 Q Q 348 Q 363 Q

 Federal ........................................... 1,956 Q N N Q Q Q Q

 State ............................................... 3,808 1,671 Q Q Q Q Q N

 Local ............................................... 9,599 6,067 Q Q Q Q Q N

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 N N N N N N N

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 N N N N N N N

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 1,328 Q 222 415 326 631 313

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 8,546 1,203 1,432 1,490 932 4,466 4,004

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 45,144 8,714 1,057 1,375 1,328 676 4,234 3,410

2 to 5 ................................................ 10,960 946 Q 246 361 374 783 630

6 to 10 .............................................. 1,958 Q N Q Q Q Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 1,951 N N N Q Q N Q

More than 20 ..................................... 2,609 N Q N Q Q N Q

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 2,161 N N N N N N N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

74
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 9,874 1,255 1,654 1,905 1,258 5,096 4,317

Table B12. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Health Care

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 40,048 4,232 1,109 1,390 397 867 2,859 3,610

College or University ......................... 3,480 1,549 N Q Q Q 369 Q

Primary or Secondary School ........... 3,947 3,437 N Q N Q Q N

Office Complex ................................. 2,712 Q Q N Q Q Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 1,238 N Q Q N N N 553

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 2,347 453 N Q N N Q N

Health Care Complex ........................ 2,303 Q N Q 1,482 326 309 N

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 912 Q N Q N N 799 Q

Government Complex ....................... 2,014 N N Q N Q N N

Other ................................................ 5,783 Q N Q N Q Q Q

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 32,817 7,229 559 1,047 1,131 874 3,054 1,341

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 10,832 1,265 342 263 428 Q 1,069 1,108

Concrete Panels ............................... 6,559 427 Q Q 201 Q Q 349

Siding or Shingles ............................. 4,120 437 Q 191 Q Q 466 403

Metal Panels ..................................... 7,912 176 Q Q Q Q N 1,087

Window Glass ................................... 1,024 Q N Q Q N Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,113 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 406 Q N Q Q N Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 21,170 3,901 360 477 980 384 1,571 1,236

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 10,195 1,287 301 332 Q 427 1,314 454

Metal Surfacing ................................. 11,944 1,002 Q 311 Q Q Q 1,345

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 14,730 2,829 274 315 770 266 1,182 925

Slate or Tile ...................................... 2,462 533 Q Q Q Q 250 Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 887 Q Q Q N Q Q Q

Concrete ........................................... 2,231 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 598 Q Q Q N N Q N

No One Major Type ........................... 565 Q Q Q Q Q N Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 17,844 3,787 351 517 1,155 275 1,339 926

 Addition or Annex ........................... 6,551 1,539 Q Q 880 Q 500 188

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 1,012 Q N Q Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 13,119 2,762 299 411 848 236 1,120 701

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 8,070 1,961 Q 151 572 Q 626 363

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 8,518 1,585 Q 149 805 180 523 434

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 10,768 2,636 Q 270 1,024 Q 854 478

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 10,275 2,592 Q 241 767 Q 748 488

 Window Replacement .................... 6,354 1,652 Q Q 411 Q 437 328

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 7,144 1,607 Q 201 634 Q 562 325

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 4,015 916 Q Q 280 Q Q 230

 Other Renovation ........................... 523 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 18,714 2,479 324 437 161 288 1,481 1,544

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 28,225 3,608 579 699 589 695 2,276 1,848

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

75
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 9,874 1,255 1,654 1,905 1,258 5,096 4,317

Table B12. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Health Care

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 9,871 1,237 1,654 1,905 1,258 5,096 4,317

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 7,045 747 1,396 1,805 739 4,256 2,866

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 1,864 Q Q 1,683 199 2,193 501

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 1,145 N Q 436 Q 345 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 768 N Q 279 Q Q Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 855 Q 220 329 Q 614 382

Other ................................................ 909 Q Q N Q N Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 9,755 1,131 1,608 1,905 1,195 4,994 4,075

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 9,200 1,198 1,583 1,899 1,258 4,841 4,079

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 9,481 1,130 1,654 1,905 1,255 5,096 3,459

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 6,402 677 1,611 1,819 Q 3,184 771

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 1,776 Q Q 1,648 214 1,831 504

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 1,787 Q 168 424 217 1,183 444

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 918 Q Q Q Q 662 279

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 382 Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 923 N Q Q Q 754 Q

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 1,855 567 675 386 400 1,065 2,049

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 1,500 Q 186 409 191 1,462 667

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 1,106 N Q 353 Q Q Q

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 5,171 Q 328 1,477 380 2,773 383

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 2,596 422 591 672 270 1,356 1,397

Other ................................................ 3,262 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 1,263 173 468 321 384 1,102 624

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 1,674 Q 217 412 213 1,172 471

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 804 Q Q 322 Q 651 304

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 382 Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 893 N Q Q Q 754 Q

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 2,607 Q 234 607 Q 2,306 564

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 768 N Q 279 Q Q Q

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 2,714 N Q 1,348 176 1,401 Q

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 4,318 784 988 1,108 585 2,003 2,723

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 Q Q Q Q N Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 Q Q Q Q N Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 2,519 298 498 418 262 1,703 1,121

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 3,445 378 608 893 333 2,026 1,346

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

76
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 9,874 1,255 1,654 1,905 1,258 5,096 4,317

Table B12. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Health Care

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 55,627 9,649 986 1,205 1,752 1,252 4,713 3,751

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 26,417 4,601 Q 381 1,566 688 2,178 1,324

Dedicated Servers ............................ 36,338 6,895 447 427 1,628 689 3,369 1,870

Laser Printers ................................... 33,012 6,487 596 660 876 632 2,858 2,293

Inkjet Printers .................................... 32,210 4,787 524 482 1,443 836 2,143 2,061

FAX Machines .................................. 52,373 8,740 901 1,135 1,901 1,184 4,384 3,761

Photocopiers ..................................... 46,257 8,786 592 347 1,876 1,104 3,686 2,626

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 9,156 225 269 448 Q Q 383 566

1 to 4 ................................................ 12,395 548 551 789 Q 255 911 1,637

5 to 9 ................................................ 7,179 315 Q 197 Q Q 875 792

10 to 19 ............................................. 6,610 597 Q Q Q 225 804 455

20 to 49 ............................................. 7,414 1,226 Q Q Q Q 723 513

50 to 99 ............................................. 5,376 1,583 N N Q 182 Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,690 3,143 N N 245 Q Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,963 2,238 N N 1,278 Q Q Q

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 28,445 2,979 808 1,226 Q 569 1,727 2,447

1 to 4 ................................................ 24,116 5,213 427 316 560 490 3,041 1,619

5 to 9 ................................................ 3,864 788 Q Q 205 Q Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 3,027 Q N N 348 Q Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 2,583 Q N N 301 Q Q Q

50 or More ........................................ 2,748 Q N N 214 Q Q N

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 18,526 1,088 663 1,307 Q Q 1,410 1,691

One ................................................... 15,475 1,713 481 201 Q 435 1,461 1,739

2 to 4 ................................................ 15,082 4,477 Q Q Q 263 1,405 654

5 to 9 ................................................ 5,515 1,674 N N 187 171 Q Q

10 or More ........................................ 10,185 922 N N 1,507 235 Q Q

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 6,402 677 1,611 1,819 Q 3,184 771

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 4,524 Q 1,009 1,760 172 4,630 421

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 7,518 Q Q 1,598 375 2,227 652

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 4,050 Q 350 1,446 439 1,459 448

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 4,284 Q 335 1,337 421 1,813 1,049

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 8,954 894 1,289 1,856 1,091 4,491 3,127

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 5,073 Q Q 775 267 643 740

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

77
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 9,874 1,255 1,654 1,905 1,258 5,096 4,317

Table B12. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service

Health Care

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 6,496 738 979 1,659 836 3,892 2,210

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 4,468 333 586 1,569 710 2,052 1,864

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 1,274 Q 137 790 169 587 478

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 2,623 465 848 810 306 1,934 1,916

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 2,457 Q Q 861 247 1,589 765

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 473 Q Q 304 Q 548 Q

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 4,383 293 467 1,299 358 2,262 1,236

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 8,358 929 1,100 1,822 944 4,147 2,981

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 4,781 1,144 Q Q Q Q Q 406

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 8,313 465 1,091 833 853 2,656 3,126

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 8,366 545 1,205 891 871 2,689 3,249

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 9,430 895 1,507 N 1,148 Q 4,048

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 4,998 198 356 N 456 Q 1,636

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web 

site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See 

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

78
Office

Public

Assembly

Public

Order and

Safety

Religious

Worship Service

Warehouse

and

Storage

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 824 277 71 370 622 597

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 503 119 37 152 434 294

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 127 67 Q 104 100 110

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 116 69 Q 83 66 130

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 43 9 Q 27 17 27

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 17 7 Q Q Q 21

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 11 6 Q Q Q 8

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 5 Q Q Q Q 4

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 2 Q Q N Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 70 31 Q 65 Q 20

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 85 36 Q 52 90 39

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 75 45 Q 58 59 44

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 116 30 Q 54 75 47

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 145 44 Q 41 117 78

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 153 31 Q 43 108 108

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 142 42 21 35 110 164

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 39 18 Q 23 42 98

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 155 63 23 52 100 65

 New England .................................. 233 47 Q Q Q Q Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 108 29 Q 41 79 46

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 231 57 20 107 221 160

 East North Central .......................... 696 134 25 Q 62 95 95

 West North Central ......................... 571 97 31 Q 46 126 66

South ................................................ 1,775 250 92 15 158 198 277

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 125 44 Q 77 101 125

 East South Central .......................... 348 41 Q Q 35 51 58

 West South Central ......................... 553 84 38 Q 46 46 93

West ................................................. 878 187 65 Q 53 103 95

 Mountain ......................................... 299 62 Q Q Q 42 31

 Pacific ............................................. 580 125 48 Q 33 61 64

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 154 66 Q 51 145 106

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 219 59 25 116 173 132

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 135 29 Q 39 104 82

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 195 76 Q 117 156 169

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 122 47 Q 47 44 108

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 441 168 50 193 510 493

Two ................................................... 1,031 234 81 Q 134 95 84

Three ................................................ 339 98 16 Q 40 Q Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 44 11 Q Q Q Q

Ten or More ...................................... 12 6 Q Q N N Q

Table B13. Selected Principal Activity: Part 2, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

79
Office

Public

Assembly

Public

Order and

Safety

Religious

Worship Service

Warehouse

and

Storage

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 824 277 71 370 622 597

Table B13. Selected Principal Activity: Part 2, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 102 19 6 24 Q 11

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 67 13 Q 24 Q 9

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 29 6 Q Q Q Q

 Six or More ..................................... 13 6 Q Q Q Q N

Any Escalators .................................. 6 3 Q Q N Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 255 196 30 283 462 423

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 215 33 Q 42 78 62

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 133 27 Q 31 44 67

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 128 12 Q 10 29 34

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 46 Q Q Q Q 7

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 30 Q Q Q Q 3

250 or More ...................................... 30 18 Q Q Q Q Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 62 120 Q 246 77 126

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 375 39 Q 32 204 140

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 262 34 Q 45 200 133

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 59 42 N 27 78 50

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 28 25 N 8 34 51

Open Continuously ........................... 475 38 16 39 Q 29 96

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 742 182 Q 370 542 571

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 402 114 Q 247 285 175

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 339 68 Q 124 257 396

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 NNNNN N

Government Owned .......................... 635 82 94 47 N 80 26

 Federal ........................................... 46 7 Q Q N 12 Q

 State ............................................... 164 28 23 Q N Q Q

 Local ............................................... 425 47 67 42 N 42 Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 NNNNN N

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 NNNNN N

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 140 38 Q 18 62 119

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 684 239 69 353 560 478

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 536 237 57 339 561 518

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 228 35 Q 31 58 74

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 37 Q Q N Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 14 Q Q Q Q Q

More than 20 ..................................... 14 7 Q N N N Q

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 NNNNN N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

80
Office

Public

Assembly

Public

Order and

Safety

Religious

Worship Service

Warehouse

and

Storage

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 824 277 71 370 622 597

Table B13. Selected Principal Activity: Part 2, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 3,169 584 193 59 250 473 295

College or University ......................... 83 12 7 N Q Q Q

Primary or Secondary School ........... 254 Q 35 N N Q Q

Office Complex ................................. 111 82 Q N N Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 151 Q N N N 21 Q

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 195 Q Q N 120 N Q

Health Care Complex ........................ 39 Q NNNN Q

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 61 Q Q N N N Q

Government Complex ....................... 87 25 Q 11 N Q Q

Other ................................................ 496 65 15 Q N 90 233

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 475 129 21 241 140 119

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 75 48 25 34 149 85

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 28 Q Q Q Q 34

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 163 55 Q 74 94 61

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 60 30 Q Q 227 289

Window Glass ................................... 17 6 N N Q N N

Other ................................................ 47 Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 18 Q Q N N Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 219 61 17 22 112 79

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 248 94 Q 235 129 65

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 114 61 22 52 294 396

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 113 36 Q Q 50 34

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 65 Q Q 44 Q Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 43 Q N Q Q Q

Concrete ........................................... 61 16 Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 16 Q Q N Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 25 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 193 75 Q 108 111 59

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 42 28 Q 24 35 Q

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 Q Q N Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 139 63 Q 80 61 37

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 61 26 Q 45 41 23

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 103 19 Q 27 44 26

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 73 39 Q 48 35 18

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 94 28 Q 46 41 17

 Window Replacement .................... 310 72 18 Q 32 Q Q

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 49 27 Q 31 Q Q

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 51 19 Q Q Q Q

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 Q Q Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 298 110 16 162 251 168

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 333 91 43 100 259 370

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

81
Office

Public

Assembly

Public

Order and

Safety

Religious

Worship Service

Warehouse

and

Storage

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 824 277 71 370 622 597

Table B13. Selected Principal Activity: Part 2, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 824 274 71 370 601 464

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 488 146 36 220 281 187

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 65 42 23 38 93 37

District Heat ...................................... 67 16 6 Q Q Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 9 3 Q Q N Q

Propane ............................................ 502 39 37 Q 51 92 48

Other ................................................ 61 Q Q Q N 34 Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 802 258 70 359 515 316

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 790 213 61 308 370 266

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 733 227 70 315 418 243

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 23 73 14 108 Q Q

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 19 Q N N Q 44

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 38 5 19 Q Q 13

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 113 24 Q 54 29 32

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 67 Q Q 31 Q 18

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 42 Q Q 27 Q 15

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 8 Q Q Q N Q

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 362 120 41 193 288 156

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 157 46 Q 71 131 98

District Heat ...................................... 65 16 6 Q Q Q Q

Boilers .............................................. 579 123 48 13 73 49 25

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 214 56 16 63 96 68

Other ................................................ 205 33 Q Q Q 60 Q

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 273 63 Q 102 97 91

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 107 27 Q 57 33 28

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 65 Q Q 33 Q 16

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 39 Q Q 28 Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 8 Q Q Q N Q

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 107 40 20 74 116 48

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 9 3 Q Q N Q

Central Chillers ................................. 111 29 6 Q Q Q Q

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 339 96 27 138 136 113

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 40 15 Q N Q N Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 250 82 Q 130 165 71

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 295 89 19 135 131 87

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

82
Office

Public

Assembly

Public

Order and

Safety

Religious

Worship Service

Warehouse

and

Storage

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 824 277 71 370 622 597

Table B13. Selected Principal Activity: Part 2, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 807 167 62 190 336 253

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 330 41 12 35 66 62

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 450 38 17 36 85 118

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 446 120 48 159 220 165

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 515 50 26 52 124 125

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 796 107 56 131 281 249

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 655 99 33 187 139 179

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 Q 109 Q 181 286 344

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 263 110 40 143 256 127

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 194 21 Q 34 54 56

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 145 17 Q 10 19 48

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 116 13 Q Q Q 19

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 45 Q Q Q Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 27 Q Q Q Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 38 17 Q Q N Q Q

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 374 238 53 334 537 479

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 382 33 15 36 81 112

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 29 Q Q Q Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 20 Q Q Q Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 9 Q Q N N Q

50 or More ........................................ 10 8 N Q N N Q

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 169 177 37 183 483 418

One ................................................... 1,250 337 68 22 152 117 125

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 241 23 Q 35 18 50

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 41 Q Q Q Q 3

10 or More ........................................ 54 36 Q Q N Q Q

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 23 73 14 108 Q Q

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 36 53 13 33 50 Q

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 201 36 10 16 19 44

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 114 26 7 34 30 29

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 124 40 11 24 25 26

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 571 171 54 216 260 189

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 51 23 Q Q Q 8

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

83
Office

Public

Assembly

Public

Order and

Safety

Religious

Worship Service

Warehouse

and

Storage

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 824 277 71 370 622 597

Table B13. Selected Principal Activity: Part 2, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 479 127 46 192 267 170

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 268 55 22 162 144 104

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 73 21 Q 17 38 29

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 242 67 Q 77 132 82

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 66 13 Q 16 66 39

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 17 Q Q Q Q Q

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 219 60 23 73 136 77

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 507 153 47 196 354 222

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 12 Q Q Q Q Q

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 539 214 38 336 368 229

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 570 175 38 288 303 199

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 766 242 22 354 538 356

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 371 90 Q 133 174 142

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

84
Office

Public

Assembly

Public

Order and

Safety

Religious

Worship Service

Warehouse

and

Storage

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 12,208 3,939 1,090 3,754 4,050 10,078

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 1,382 336 122 416 1,034 895

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 938 518 Q 744 722 868

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 1,887 1,077 Q 1,235 1,021 2,064

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 1,506 301 Q 930 560 1,043

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 1,209 474 Q Q Q 1,494

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 1,428 868 Q Q Q 1,162

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 1,493 Q Q Q Q 1,322

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 2,365 Q Q N Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 749 323 Q 586 Q 254

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 1,186 353 Q 334 473 1,208

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 917 780 Q 603 440 567

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 1,335 408 Q 502 447 1,051

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 2,162 594 Q 412 996 1,462

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 3,296 448 Q 414 511 1,501

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 1,913 734 327 566 777 2,723

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 650 301 Q 338 263 1,312

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 3,012 1,048 362 627 740 1,523

 New England .................................. 2,964 578 Q Q Q Q Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 9,941 2,434 769 Q 474 620 1,112

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 2,989 1,012 221 1,115 1,289 3,017

 East North Central .......................... 11,595 2,190 635 Q 720 775 2,023

 West North Central ......................... 5,485 799 377 Q 395 514 994

South ................................................ 23,489 3,782 1,174 373 1,498 1,358 3,966

 South Atlantic ................................. 12,258 1,958 440 Q 721 753 1,836

 East South Central .......................... 3,393 481 Q Q 310 307 390

 West South Central ......................... 7,837 1,343 498 Q 467 298 1,740

West ................................................. 11,310 2,425 706 Q 515 664 1,572

 Mountain ......................................... 3,675 629 Q Q Q 345 506

 Pacific ............................................. 7,635 1,796 468 Q 341 319 1,066

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 1,593 876 Q 408 944 1,704

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 3,165 818 360 1,320 1,185 2,639

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 3,125 806 Q 499 644 1,479

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 2,341 910 Q 1,039 969 2,419

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 1,985 529 Q 488 308 1,836

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 2,460 1,448 371 1,255 2,713 6,637

Two ................................................... 16,270 2,269 1,428 Q 1,613 1,000 2,684

Three ................................................ 7,501 1,810 308 Q 737 Q Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 2,644 693 Q Q Q Q

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 3,025 Q Q N N Q

Table B14. Selected Principal Activity: Part 2, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

85
Office

Public

Assembly

Public

Order and

Safety

Religious

Worship Service

Warehouse

and

Storage

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 12,208 3,939 1,090 3,754 4,050 10,078

Table B14. Selected Principal Activity: Part 2, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 24,617 7,721 1,256 600 669 Q 1,347

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 8,221 1,725 459 Q 556 Q 732

 Two to Five ..................................... 10,129 2,832 696 Q Q Q Q

 Six or More ..................................... 6,268 3,164 Q Q Q Q N

Any Escalators .................................. 2,350 1,143 Q Q N Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 767 1,381 145 2,117 1,612 3,433

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 964 443 Q 582 513 807

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 848 588 Q 646 747 1,545

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 1,755 836 Q 246 597 1,843

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 1,291 Q Q Q Q 1,025

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 1,663 Q Q Q Q 585

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 4,920 Q Q Q Q Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 221 679 Q 1,612 180 799

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 3,366 Q Q 417 1,057 1,887

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 4,392 545 Q 751 1,236 3,224

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 2,009 648 N 488 796 1,323

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 504 1,012 N 361 194 1,557

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 1,717 445 552 Q 586 1,288

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 49,421 10,515 2,189 Q 3,754 3,018 9,371

 Owner Occupied ............................. 23,591 5,571 1,204 Q 2,804 1,680 3,736

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 23,914 4,944 984 Q 950 1,338 5,635

 Unoccupied ..................................... 1,916 NNNNN N

Government Owned .......................... 15,363 1,693 1,751 967 N 1,032 Q

 Federal ........................................... 1,956 482 Q Q N 533 Q

 State ............................................... 3,808 531 726 Q N Q Q

 Local ............................................... 9,599 680 977 853 N 293 Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 NNNNN N

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 NNNNN N

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 5,600 510 Q 282 350 1,928

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 6,608 3,429 966 3,472 3,700 8,150

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 45,144 4,894 3,110 643 3,272 3,509 7,560

2 to 5 ................................................ 10,960 2,709 677 Q 479 465 2,034

6 to 10 .............................................. 1,958 1,144 Q Q N Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 1,951 1,332 Q Q Q Q Q

More than 20 ..................................... 2,609 2,129 Q N N N Q

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 2,161 NNNNN N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

86
Office

Public

Assembly

Public

Order and

Safety

Religious

Worship Service

Warehouse

and

Storage

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 12,208 3,939 1,090 3,754 4,050 10,078

Table B14. Selected Principal Activity: Part 2, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 40,048 8,186 2,397 549 2,446 3,009 6,204

College or University ......................... 3,480 345 677 N Q Q Q

Primary or Secondary School ........... 3,947 Q 268 N N Q Q

Office Complex ................................. 2,712 2,239 Q N N Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 1,238 Q N N N 157 Q

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 2,347 Q Q N 1,287 N Q

Health Care Complex ........................ 2,303 Q NNNN Q

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 912 Q Q N N N Q

Government Complex ....................... 2,014 579 Q 496 N Q Q

Other ................................................ 5,783 564 326 Q N 596 2,932

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 32,817 6,508 2,335 634 2,805 1,089 2,499

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 10,832 1,216 629 247 332 1,033 1,742

Concrete Panels ............................... 6,559 1,815 Q Q Q Q 1,963

Siding or Shingles ............................. 4,120 627 272 Q 413 329 570

Metal Panels ..................................... 7,912 767 368 Q Q 1,205 3,219

Window Glass ................................... 1,024 663 N N Q N N

Other ................................................ 1,113 504 Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 406 Q Q N N Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 21,170 4,899 931 386 440 829 2,803

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 10,195 1,551 703 Q 2,024 499 667

Metal Surfacing ................................. 11,944 939 775 209 456 1,627 4,174

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 14,730 3,472 922 Q Q 851 1,536

Slate or Tile ...................................... 2,462 537 Q Q 458 Q Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 887 189 Q N Q Q Q

Concrete ........................................... 2,231 437 Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 598 Q Q N Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 565 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 17,844 3,270 1,257 Q 1,214 895 1,695

 Addition or Annex ........................... 6,551 444 870 Q 428 348 Q

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 1,012 Q Q N Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 13,119 2,663 1,026 Q 810 545 979

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 8,070 1,607 773 Q 450 230 831

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 8,518 2,083 638 Q 312 315 897

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 10,768 2,287 574 Q 578 302 844

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 10,275 2,019 810 Q 489 452 783

 Window Replacement .................... 6,354 1,248 Q Q 451 Q Q

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 7,144 1,421 738 Q 392 Q Q

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 4,015 938 277 Q Q Q Q

 Other Renovation ........................... 523 Q Q Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 18,714 3,079 1,200 361 1,222 1,605 2,848

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 28,225 5,859 1,483 608 1,318 1,551 5,535

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

87
Office

Public

Assembly

Public

Order and

Safety

Religious

Worship Service

Warehouse

and

Storage

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 12,208 3,939 1,090 3,754 4,050 10,078

Table B14. Selected Principal Activity: Part 2, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 12,208 3,935 1,090 3,754 3,982 9,425

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 8,208 2,723 637 2,629 2,496 5,494

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 4,075 939 620 453 626 1,268

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 1,569 547 Q Q Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 730 458 Q Q N Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 368 393 Q 381 557 2,217

Other ................................................ 909 Q Q Q N 292 Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 11,929 3,777 1,083 3,581 3,687 8,126

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 12,032 3,477 1,043 3,301 3,261 7,295

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 11,804 3,632 957 3,512 3,320 6,624

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 3,077 1,506 543 1,552 Q Q

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 469 Q N N Q 1,627

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 4,211 537 606 Q Q 721

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 1,795 409 Q 577 457 913

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 1,260 Q Q 350 Q 439

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 422 Q Q 291 Q 556

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 506 Q Q Q N Q

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 2,405 1,028 260 1,945 1,974 3,757

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 2,186 677 Q 875 1,010 2,457

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 1,526 530 Q Q Q Q

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 4,117 1,421 437 1,148 791 1,031

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 3,754 879 328 733 957 3,118

Other ................................................ 3,262 970 Q Q Q 393 Q

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 1,669 532 Q 946 1,071 1,861

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 1,854 473 Q 612 496 981

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 1,259 Q Q 372 Q 457

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 434 Q Q 305 Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 615 Q Q Q N Q

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 1,201 951 372 847 802 1,440

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 730 458 Q Q N Q

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 3,839 423 Q Q Q Q

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 6,171 1,684 438 1,849 1,466 4,453

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 439 Q N Q N Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 3,137 1,067 Q 1,239 1,269 1,964

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 4,573 1,435 256 1,360 1,352 2,283

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

88
Office

Public

Assembly

Public

Order and

Safety

Religious

Worship Service

Warehouse

and

Storage

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 12,208 3,939 1,090 3,754 4,050 10,078

Table B14. Selected Principal Activity: Part 2, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 55,627 12,165 3,199 1,052 2,695 3,293 7,710

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 26,417 8,615 1,354 547 629 1,133 2,202

Dedicated Servers ............................ 36,338 9,932 1,454 685 867 1,679 5,072

Laser Printers ................................... 33,012 5,997 2,058 656 2,229 2,114 4,455

Inkjet Printers .................................... 32,210 9,510 1,524 528 919 1,875 4,398

FAX Machines .................................. 52,373 12,067 2,690 1,010 2,149 2,999 7,330

Photocopiers ..................................... 46,257 11,387 2,472 831 2,614 2,136 6,208

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 9,156 Q 740 Q 1,060 758 2,367

1 to 4 ................................................ 12,395 799 1,412 257 1,330 1,497 1,913

5 to 9 ................................................ 7,179 974 377 Q 769 837 1,405

10 to 19 ............................................. 6,610 958 414 Q 327 433 1,625

20 to 49 ............................................. 7,414 1,757 441 Q Q Q 1,529

50 to 99 ............................................. 5,376 1,281 Q Q Q Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,690 1,655 Q Q Q Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,963 4,741 Q Q N Q Q

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 28,445 2,276 2,485 405 2,887 2,372 5,006

1 to 4 ................................................ 24,116 4,027 1,138 432 840 1,374 3,721

5 to 9 ................................................ 3,864 1,277 Q Q Q Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 3,027 1,175 Q Q Q Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 2,583 1,387 Q Q N N Q

50 or More ........................................ 2,748 2,066 N Q N N Q

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 18,526 821 1,467 259 1,141 1,914 3,870

One ................................................... 15,475 1,743 1,306 167 1,731 1,481 2,615

2 to 4 ................................................ 15,082 2,644 568 Q 784 396 2,477

5 to 9 ................................................ 5,515 1,412 Q Q Q Q 531

10 or More ........................................ 10,185 5,589 Q Q N Q Q

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 3,077 1,506 543 1,552 Q Q

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 2,299 1,574 424 775 514 Q

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 7,859 910 544 528 608 2,886

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 5,973 1,084 537 609 699 1,393

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 6,022 1,392 452 432 699 1,475

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 10,888 3,272 988 2,744 2,450 6,811

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 4,792 998 Q Q Q 795

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

89
Office

Public

Assembly

Public

Order and

Safety

Religious

Worship Service

Warehouse

and

Storage

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 12,208 3,939 1,090 3,754 4,050 10,078

Table B14. Selected Principal Activity: Part 2, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Principal Building Activity

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 7,897 2,466 774 2,492 1,948 4,329

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 7,278 1,283 525 1,686 1,495 4,158

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 2,558 360 Q 248 459 925

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 2,579 1,063 Q 987 1,038 2,098

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 2,510 650 Q 413 578 1,714

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 618 Q Q Q Q Q

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 6,775 1,271 424 1,105 1,378 3,529

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 10,116 2,561 902 2,175 2,676 6,365

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 4,781 1,913 Q Q Q Q Q

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 8,982 3,012 689 3,223 2,483 4,927

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 9,407 2,920 687 3,005 2,545 5,208

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 10,217 3,371 483 3,546 3,220 7,777

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 3,337 1,367 Q 1,671 1,291 3,077

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

90
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,653 778 563 398 147 77 30

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 1,879 422 202 43 Q Q N

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 452 192 146 87 Q Q N

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 268 134 154 131 42 Q N

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 36 24 38 82 44 17 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 10 4 16 41 31 21 5

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 6 Q Q 11 15 18 10

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 Q Q Q 2468

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 Q N N Q Q Q 5

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 150 49 57 69 42 15 3

Food Sales ....................................... 226 162 QQQQQN

Food Service ..................................... 297 101 92 68 30 Q Q N

Health Care ....................................... 129 Q 41 Q 26 3 8 4

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 N N Q Q Q 4 3

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 Q 41 Q 26 Q 5 Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 78 18 18 16 8 4 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 268 90 57 14 12 3 Q

Office ................................................ 824 255 215 133 128 46 30 18

Public Assembly ............................... 277 196 33 27 12 Q Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 30 QQQQQQ

Religious Worship ............................. 370 283 42 31 10 Q Q Q

Service .............................................. 622 462 78 44 29 Q Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 423 62 67 34 7 3 Q

Other ................................................ 79 45 QQQQQ 1

Vacant .............................................. 182 179 Q Q Q N N N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 203 62 30 21 11 Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 325 97 51 37 10 5 2

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 344 90 61 46 14 5 2

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 331 87 74 48 21 14 3

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 394 118 91 85 23 15 5

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 383 148 69 54 30 14 9

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 481 128 135 83 26 18 6

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 192 49 49 25 13 4 2

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 363 137 110 66 27 16 7

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 787 173 145 102 37 15 6

South ................................................ 1,775 1,033 317 200 136 50 28 10

West ................................................. 878 469 151 108 94 33 18 6

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 501 131 101 81 28 10 3

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 683 183 151 96 36 16 8

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 360 124 79 62 25 16 6

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 747 218 141 102 40 22 6

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 362 123 90 56 19 12 6

Table B15. Employment Size Category, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

91
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,653 778 563 398 147 77 30

Table B15. Employment Size Category, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 2,005 515 333 198 69 13 3

Two ................................................... 1,031 491 174 162 134 41 25 4

Three ................................................ 339 134 77 48 40 19 18 3

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 23 12 20 24 17 19 13

Ten or More ...................................... 12 N QQQQ 2 7

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 39 20 54 67 50 53 27

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 33 18 48 50 33 24 3

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 Q Q 6 17 16 27 15

 Six or More ..................................... 13 Q N N Q Q 2 9

Any Escalators .................................. 6 Q Q N Q Q Q 3

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 867 73 40 12 Q Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 567 240 161 98 34 14 3

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 494 230 150 120 40 19 8

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 255 106 113 69 28 16 4

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 175 74 63 54 21 8 4

Open Continuously ........................... 475 294 56 36 43 18 19 10

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 2,347 701 488 303 97 53 22

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 989 376 238 156 42 30 9

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 1,217 325 250 147 55 23 13

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 141 NNNNNN

Government Owned .......................... 635 306 78 75 94 50 24 8

 Federal ........................................... 46 QQQQQQ 1

 State ............................................... 164 72 Q 26 26 12 6 Q

 Local ............................................... 425 211 52 43 64 34 16 4

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 157 NNNNNN

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 QQQQNNN

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 322 72 52 46 24 20 12

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 2,152 704 509 351 123 57 18

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 2,233 627 442 291 100 47 13

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 252 149 110 84 29 14 6

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 Q Q Q 17 9 6 4

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 Q Q N Q 6 6 2

More than 20 ..................................... 14 Q N Q Q Q 4 4

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 157 NNNNNN

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

92
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,653 778 563 398 147 77 30

Table B15. Employment Size Category, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 2,415 775 563 397 147 77 30

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 1,082 474 359 289 113 52 23

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 252 67 38 36 22 20 16

District Heat ...................................... 67 20 Q Q 16 7 9 5

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q Q 6764

Propane ............................................ 502 318 75 59 30 9 8 3

Other ................................................ 132 84 Q Q 13 Q Q 1

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 2,080 733 536 387 141 76 29

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 1,746 725 523 386 139 76 30

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 1,653 675 514 384 142 75 30

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 301 152 134 115 53 31 14

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 48 Q 19 21 Q 3 2

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 23 Q 21 31 23 22 16

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 236 89 64 42 23 16 5

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 133 60 32 24 16 10 4

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 92 Q 29 12 Q Q 1

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q Q Q 11 8 5 2

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 1,013 399 244 152 40 12 4

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 470 120 102 86 22 14 5

District Heat ...................................... 65 Q Q Q 16 7 9 5

Boilers .............................................. 579 216 88 81 94 51 34 15

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 366 186 165 137 58 33 9

Other ................................................ 205 125 Q 28 19 5 Q 3

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 508 240 146 81 19 9 2

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 257 89 57 47 22 15 5

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 142 60 30 28 15 9 3

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 104 Q 24 13 Q Q 1

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q Q Q 11 8 5 2

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 428 110 93 68 25 14 4

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q Q 6764

Central Chillers ................................. 111 Q Q 10 29 20 22 14

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 619 345 274 223 92 44 16

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 64 Q Q 21 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 40 QQQQQQ 1

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 626 227 158 123 37 20 6

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 667 268 183 154 48 25 10

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

93
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,653 778 563 398 147 77 30

Table B15. Employment Size Category, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 1,271 663 508 392 143 75 30

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 219 186 150 166 83 46 26

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 188 256 262 266 110 64 28

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 872 425 300 233 82 44 15

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 400 342 275 239 94 48 23

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 1,008 623 466 374 139 75 29

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 575 447 344 332 138 74 29

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 1,382 115 55 Q Q Q N

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 1,116 338 160 48 Q Q N

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 112 245 131 65 5 Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 30 67 165 83 22 Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 Q Q 42 145 33 13 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 Q Q Q 36 46 14 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 Q Q Q 13 25 34 6

250 or More ...................................... 38 Q Q Q Q 6 9 21

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 2,465 522 301 131 37 12 2

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 185 256 257 237 84 34 7

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 Q Q Q 18 12 15 5

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 Q N N Q 5 9 7

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 N N N Q Q 5 5

50 or More ........................................ 10 N N N Q Q Q 5

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 2,078 331 218 66 10 Q Q

One ................................................... 1,250 515 362 215 124 29 5 Q

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 60 81 122 182 77 24 3

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 Q Q Q 24 22 22 6

10 or More ........................................ 54 N Q N Q 9 23 20

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 300 152 134 115 53 31 14

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 199 94 90 99 45 28 11

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 73 73 105 143 84 51 25

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 102 79 84 103 41 36 21

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 127 102 65 98 56 38 22

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 1,086 516 408 335 134 74 29

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 57 18 34 57 41 29 16

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

94
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,653 778 563 398 147 77 30

Table B15. Employment Size Category, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 1,056 398 329 255 96 46 21

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 582 227 207 174 66 44 22

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 150 44 25 45 23 12 8

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 585 251 207 119 42 23 7

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 118 54 59 48 25 17 9

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 31 Q Q 10 7 6 3

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 358 178 121 146 67 38 19

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 1,275 452 355 279 122 65 29

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 Q Q Q 14 8 5 6

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 1,522 533 383 259 109 50 22

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 1,357 547 396 278 109 50 24

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 1,935 695 510 344 126 57 19

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 721 333 239 138 46 21 4

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See 

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

95
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 15,492 6,166 7,803 10,989 7,934 6,871 9,528

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 4,659 1,264 689 155 Q Q N

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 3,323 1,373 1,109 689 Q Q N

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 4,006 2,075 2,456 2,113 692 Q N

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 1,222 836 1,327 2,920 1,648 667 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 704 291 1,157 2,865 2,151 1,518 371

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 804 Q Q 1,558 2,014 2,455 1,452

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 Q Q Q 533 1,077 1,706 2,571

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 Q N N Q Q Q 5,087

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 612 378 740 2,565 2,928 1,995 655

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 484 QQQQQN

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 336 413 421 367 Q Q N

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 Q 254 Q 335 111 683 1,539

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 N N Q Q Q 379 1,464

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 Q 254 Q 312 Q 304 Q

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 802 437 1,023 1,049 703 562 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 1,235 828 755 440 572 333 Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 767 964 848 1,755 1,291 1,663 4,920

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 1,381 443 588 836 Q Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 145 QQQQQQ

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 2,117 582 646 246 Q Q Q

Service .............................................. 4,050 1,612 513 747 597 Q Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 3,433 807 1,545 1,843 1,025 585 Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 159 Q Q Q Q Q 293

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 2,359 Q Q Q N N N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 1,262 524 481 713 400 Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 2,211 608 1,053 909 668 518 903

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 1,897 634 896 1,536 712 604 767

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 1,967 642 825 1,408 1,201 1,145 913

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 2,456 1,016 1,331 1,886 1,092 1,230 1,760

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 1,625 1,035 889 1,274 1,432 1,403 2,674

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 2,644 1,206 1,565 2,289 1,557 1,338 1,760

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 1,431 500 763 973 871 471 524

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 2,376 1,085 1,872 2,314 1,598 1,331 2,329

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 4,958 1,463 2,081 2,856 2,311 1,609 1,800

South ................................................ 23,489 5,670 2,595 2,741 3,883 2,654 2,534 3,413

West ................................................. 11,310 2,489 1,023 1,109 1,935 1,370 1,397 1,986

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 2,699 1,035 1,374 2,014 1,673 996 832

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 4,857 1,529 2,155 2,709 2,166 1,561 2,357

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 1,755 1,013 1,359 2,132 1,316 1,434 2,495

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 4,076 1,646 1,599 2,498 1,812 2,109 1,999

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 2,106 944 1,317 1,635 966 771 1,845

Table B16. Employment Size Category, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

96
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 15,492 6,166 7,803 10,989 7,934 6,871 9,528

Table B16. Employment Size Category, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 9,898 3,480 3,538 4,535 2,649 1,250 630

Two ................................................... 16,270 3,706 1,627 2,277 3,664 2,254 1,774 968

Three ................................................ 7,501 1,282 637 942 1,325 1,321 1,341 653

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 605 404 1,040 1,249 1,470 2,134 3,182

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 N Q Q Q Q 372 4,095

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 24,617 1,200 621 1,836 3,055 4,168 5,060 8,677

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 8,221 649 499 1,114 1,660 2,072 1,782 445

 Two to Five ..................................... 10,129 Q Q Q 1,285 1,983 2,798 2,709

 Six or More ..................................... 6,268 Q N N Q Q 480 5,523

Any Escalators .................................. 2,350 Q Q N Q Q Q 1,973

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,562 484 284 243 Q Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 2,700 1,610 1,668 2,458 1,358 1,050 777

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 3,057 1,831 2,177 2,633 2,314 1,478 2,233

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 1,475 1,043 1,516 2,179 1,439 1,315 1,366

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 823 508 974 1,599 1,288 1,045 855

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 1,874 690 1,184 1,876 1,346 1,918 4,260

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 49,421 13,316 5,386 6,790 7,940 4,556 4,139 7,293

 Owner Occupied ............................. 23,591 5,546 2,802 3,668 3,499 2,138 2,262 3,677

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 23,914 5,854 2,585 3,123 4,441 2,417 1,877 3,617

 Unoccupied ..................................... 1,916 1,916 NNNNNN

Government Owned .......................... 15,363 2,176 780 1,013 3,049 3,378 2,732 2,235

 Federal ........................................... 1,956 Q Q Q Q Q Q 761

 State ............................................... 3,808 456 Q 277 916 803 681 493

 Local ............................................... 9,599 1,128 495 678 2,022 2,340 1,956 981

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 2,161 NNNNNN

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 QQQQNNN

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 1,926 663 910 1,415 1,726 1,572 4,171

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 11,207 5,413 6,841 9,509 6,208 5,299 5,357

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 45,144 11,824 4,924 6,115 7,967 5,487 4,368 4,458

2 to 5 ................................................ 10,960 1,399 1,183 1,584 2,369 1,487 1,451 1,486

6 to 10 .............................................. 1,958 Q Q Q 476 375 340 565

11 to 20 ............................................. 1,951 Q Q N Q 511 420 853

More than 20 ..................................... 2,609 Q N Q Q Q 293 2,165

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 2,161 2,161 NNNNNN

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

97
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 15,492 6,166 7,803 10,989 7,934 6,871 9,528

Table B16. Employment Size Category, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 14,061 6,147 7,803 10,962 7,934 6,871 9,528

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 7,023 4,084 5,317 8,212 6,156 5,127 7,549

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 1,459 625 1,024 1,602 2,131 2,149 6,168

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 853 Q Q 667 474 1,050 2,191

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 Q Q Q 327 505 583 1,219

Propane ............................................ 7,076 2,092 564 907 907 956 661 989

Other ................................................ 1,401 307 Q Q 319 Q Q 205

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 12,182 5,822 7,410 10,822 7,650 6,766 9,376

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 9,591 5,726 7,304 10,566 7,428 6,806 9,519

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 9,525 5,393 7,182 10,480 7,688 6,815 9,395

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 1,886 1,172 2,010 3,829 3,699 3,515 6,126

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 288 Q 367 762 Q 382 628

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 248 Q 439 1,347 2,103 2,357 6,113

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 1,196 647 932 1,460 1,398 1,513 1,668

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 636 443 520 749 938 869 1,286

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 530 Q 364 443 Q Q 587

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 Q Q Q 504 643 581 545

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 5,347 3,043 3,057 3,814 1,899 1,290 1,165

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 2,782 938 1,542 2,364 1,628 1,300 1,991

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 Q Q Q 653 460 972 2,063

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 1,986 1,140 1,884 3,588 3,556 3,401 4,869

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 2,269 1,571 2,209 3,526 2,835 2,736 2,874

Other ................................................ 3,262 544 Q 394 799 372 Q 808

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 2,630 1,461 2,035 2,129 1,097 776 906

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 1,303 696 862 1,485 1,339 1,427 1,929

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 703 492 489 764 887 828 1,264

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 570 Q 325 455 Q Q 600

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 Q Q Q 518 613 531 861

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 2,342 1,144 1,608 2,680 1,710 1,328 1,746

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 Q Q Q 327 505 583 1,219

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 Q Q 294 1,243 1,736 2,436 5,590

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 3,964 3,025 4,059 5,941 4,517 3,939 4,524

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 349 Q Q 410 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 Q Q Q Q Q Q 250

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 3,368 1,920 2,360 3,283 2,172 1,836 1,463

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 3,688 2,054 2,753 4,139 2,518 2,487 3,357

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

98
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 15,492 6,166 7,803 10,989 7,934 6,871 9,528

Table B16. Employment Size Category, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 55,627 7,716 5,515 7,456 10,870 7,828 6,714 9,528

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 26,417 1,269 1,537 2,418 4,134 4,283 4,356 8,420

Dedicated Servers ............................ 36,338 1,248 2,266 4,233 7,252 6,453 5,853 9,033

Laser Printers ................................... 33,012 5,130 3,660 4,409 6,785 4,689 3,717 4,623

Inkjet Printers .................................... 32,210 2,375 2,610 4,002 6,375 4,824 4,484 7,540

FAX Machines .................................. 52,373 5,814 5,103 6,958 10,372 7,798 6,825 9,503

Photocopiers ..................................... 46,257 3,884 3,761 5,560 9,770 7,382 6,620 9,279

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 9,156 7,777 651 347 Q Q Q N

1 to 4 ................................................ 12,395 6,537 2,654 1,910 991 Q Q N

5 to 9 ................................................ 7,179 690 2,164 2,062 1,583 514 Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 6,610 242 445 2,336 2,436 888 Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 7,414 Q Q 607 3,697 1,832 755 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 5,376 Q Q Q 1,352 1,869 1,261 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,690 Q Q Q 682 1,846 2,856 1,164

250 or More ...................................... 9,963 Q Q Q Q 751 1,367 7,626

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 28,445 14,244 3,900 3,570 3,737 1,481 1,018 495

1 to 4 ................................................ 24,116 1,238 2,263 4,108 6,522 4,846 3,438 1,700

5 to 9 ................................................ 3,864 Q Q Q 472 874 1,010 1,376

10 to 19 ............................................. 3,027 Q N N Q 306 879 1,678

20 to 49 ............................................. 2,583 N N N Q Q 420 1,749

50 or More ........................................ 2,748 N N N Q Q Q 2,530

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 18,526 11,608 2,405 2,243 1,218 552 Q Q

One ................................................... 15,475 3,378 2,948 3,434 3,699 1,369 503 Q

2 to 4 ................................................ 15,082 488 786 1,736 5,046 4,260 2,055 710

5 to 9 ................................................ 5,515 Q Q Q 913 1,258 1,987 932

10 or More ........................................ 10,185 N Q N Q 496 2,075 7,492

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 1,872 1,172 2,010 3,829 3,699 3,515 6,126

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 1,842 1,062 2,031 3,540 2,931 3,190 4,886

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 532 645 2,213 4,533 5,114 5,119 8,716

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 1,043 626 1,349 2,953 3,058 3,547 7,021

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 969 962 996 3,277 3,680 4,151 7,073

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 7,480 4,189 6,214 9,677 7,478 6,693 9,431

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 507 302 517 2,250 3,050 3,262 5,742

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

99
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 15,492 6,166 7,803 10,989 7,934 6,871 9,528

Table B16. Employment Size Category, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 6,336 3,351 4,917 7,333 5,550 4,574 6,850

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 4,604 2,150 2,788 4,692 3,975 4,226 7,452

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 986 229 449 1,213 1,473 1,093 3,100

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 3,002 1,845 2,924 2,769 2,282 2,055 2,365

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 834 665 1,580 1,868 2,023 1,990 3,587

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 211 Q Q 375 432 428 1,183

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 2,554 1,623 2,483 4,410 4,039 3,980 7,028

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 7,653 3,942 5,454 7,894 6,744 5,977 9,218

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 For Lighting ...................................... 4,781 Q Q Q 603 700 735 2,538

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 8,305 4,310 5,290 7,271 5,757 4,648 7,139

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 7,318 4,490 5,546 7,520 5,893 4,765 7,672

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 10,224 5,264 6,412 8,751 6,393 4,854 5,089

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 4,417 2,678 3,104 3,847 2,324 1,923 1,104

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See 

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

100
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,272 980 1,205 87 280 Q 77 183

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 783 384 375 Q 106 Q Q 87

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 625 320 293 Q 113 Q 40 64

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 185 91 86 Q 56 Q 16 36

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 82 35 40 Q 47 Q 9 37

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 43 21 20 Q 22 Q 8 12

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 16 7 8 Q 9 2 1 5

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 5 2 3 N 2 1 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 141 83 58 N 245 Q 59 175

Food Sales ....................................... 226 224 94 130 N Q N Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 283 72 211 N Q N Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 122 68 54 N 7 Q Q Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 7 4 3 N 1 Q Q Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 115 64 51 N Q Q Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 134 48 86 N 9 Q Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 441 189 252 N Q Q N N

Office ................................................ 824 742 402 339 N 82 7 28 47

Public Assembly ............................... 277 182 114 68 N 94 Q 23 67

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 Q Q Q N 47 Q Q 42

Religious Worship ............................. 370 370 247 124 N N N N N

Service .............................................. 622 542 285 257 N 80 12 Q 42

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 571 175 396 N 26 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 79 70 38 32 N Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 166 Q Q 141 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 304 168 125 Q 25 Q Q 19

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 461 222 206 Q 67 8 15 44

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 463 213 227 Q 99 Q 22 74

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 482 242 224 Q 97 Q 28 56

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 638 286 334 Q 92 Q 25 60

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 624 273 326 Q 83 Q 24 55

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 759 327 423 Q 117 Q 30 84

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 280 110 163 Q 55 Q Q 33

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 642 365 261 Q 84 Q 25 51

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 1,118 557 518 43 149 11 24 114

South ................................................ 1,775 1,563 598 888 77 212 6 50 156

West ................................................. 878 689 321 362 Q 190 Q 66 103

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 762 374 361 Q 93 Q 27 56

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 973 546 399 27 200 27 36 137

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 608 276 318 Q 65 1 Q 42

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1,103 440 621 42 173 Q 64 105

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 565 204 330 Q 104 Q Q 85

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 2,675 1,119 1,454 102 461 35 114 312

Two ................................................... 1,031 921 478 414 29 110 Q 28 79

Three ................................................ 339 303 175 120 Q 37 Q 9 22

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 102 65 36 Q 26 2 13 11

Ten or More ...................................... 12 10 4 6 N 2 0 Q Q

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 231 121 102 Q 78 6 27 45

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 154 87 60 Q 54 Q 15 35

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 67 28 37 Q 21 1 11 9

 Six or More ..................................... 13 10 6 4 Q 3 1 1 1

Any Escalators .................................. 6 5 3 2 Q 1 Q Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,347 989 1,217 141 306 Q 72 211

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 701 376 325 N 78 Q Q 52

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 488 238 250 N 75 Q 26 43

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 303 156 147 N 94 Q 26 64

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 97 42 55 N 50 Q 12 34

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 53 30 23 N 24 Q 6 16

250 or More ...................................... 30 22 9 13 N 8 1 Q 4

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 854 356 357 141 148 Q Q 107

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 897 494 403 N 220 Q 58 150

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 932 469 463 N 129 6 35 88

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 532 213 319 N 59 Q 14 34

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 374 158 216 N 25 Q 11 9

Open Continuously ........................... 475 422 151 271 N 53 4 12 37

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 141 N N 141 Q Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 25 Q Q N Q N N Q

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 477 176 301 N 71 Q 12 50

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 3,368 1,654 1,714 N 547 37 151 360

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 3,200 1,460 1,740 N 553 41 147 366

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 584 342 242 N 59 Q 13 41

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 50 23 27 N 5 Q Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 22 10 12 N Q Q Q Q

More than 20 ..................................... 14 13 5 8 N Q Q Q Q

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 141 N N 141 Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 3,169 2,949 1,395 1,448 106 219 12 38 170

College or University ......................... 83 32 21 11 N 51 N 43 Q

Primary or Secondary School ........... 254 34 Q 20 N 221 Q 41 164

Office Complex ................................. 111 105 40 62 Q Q Q Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 151 150 55 88 Q Q N Q N

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 195 195 136 57 Q N N N N

Health Care Complex ........................ 39 30 14 16 N Q Q Q Q

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 61 59 15 40 Q Q Q N Q

Government Complex ....................... 87 Q N Q N 84 15 Q 50

Other ................................................ 496 456 152 284 Q 40 Q Q 27

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 1,738 822 851 64 306 21 84 202

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 682 326 322 35 104 5 12 87

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 113 35 73 Q 18 Q 8 10

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 669 323 329 Q 110 Q Q 66

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 731 299 413 Q 93 Q Q 57

Window Glass ................................... 17 16 2 14 Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 47 45 27 18 Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 18 Q Q Q Q Q N Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 848 344 460 44 188 8 51 129

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 1,159 592 536 Q 166 Q 46 113

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 1,140 499 603 Q 148 Q 34 96

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 431 208 208 Q 80 7 15 58

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 232 105 119 Q 31 Q Q Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 114 44 66 Q Q Q Q Q

Concrete ........................................... 61 53 30 23 N Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 16 12 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 25 23 Q Q N Q Q N Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 871 484 368 Q 147 7 28 112

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 212 132 80 Q 44 Q 7 37

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 18 12 Q N Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 648 367 268 Q 93 3 18 73

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 305 176 124 Q 65 Q 10 51

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 350 204 140 Q 60 3 11 46

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 360 222 135 Q 82 4 12 66

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 369 213 150 Q 85 4 16 66

 Window Replacement .................... 310 261 169 84 Q 50 Q 6 42

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 257 156 93 Q 58 3 11 44

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 197 117 74 Q 31 Q Q 25

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 18 13 Q N Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 1,477 647 748 82 233 27 66 140

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 1,663 710 913 40 254 12 71 172

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,783 1,817 1,885 81 620 46 163 411

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,078 1,044 997 36 313 23 72 218

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 371 209 161 Q 80 4 24 52

District Heat ...................................... 67 25 16 8 Q 42 4 27 11

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 13 9 4 Q 19 0 12 7

Propane ............................................ 502 425 225 194 Q 77 Q Q 53

Other ................................................ 132 122 75 46 Q 10 Q Q Q

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,766 1,519 714 781 24 246 14 55 177

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,165 1,879 975 872 31 287 21 65 201

Fuel Oil ............................................. 360 309 183 126 N 51 Q 15 32

District Heat ...................................... 65 23 16 7 Q 42 4 27 11

Propane ............................................ 372 317 167 146 Q 55 Q Q 38

Other ................................................ 113 107 67 40 Q Q Q Q Q

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 1,258 1,093 490 581 Q 165 Q 40 117

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,999 1,727 888 808 31 272 21 59 192

Fuel Oil ............................................. 282 239 143 96 N 43 Q Q 26

District Heat ...................................... 63 22 16 7 Q 41 4 26 11

Propane ............................................ 308 260 122 134 Q 47 Q Q 33

Other ................................................ 72 71 42 Q N Q N N Q

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 3,589 3,097 1,546 1,511 39 493 35 125 333

Natural Gas ...................................... 17 12 7 4 N Q Q Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 13 9 4 Q 19 0 12 7

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,910 1,657 847 796 Q 253 20 61 172

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,445 1,248 618 611 Q 197 12 41 144

Fuel Oil ............................................. 94 72 46 25 N 23 Q Q 13

District Heat ...................................... 27 11 8 Q N 17 1 15 Q

Propane ............................................ 128 107 49 58 N 21 Q Q 17

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 410 329 151 178 Q 81 Q 9 69

Natural Gas ...................................... 457 389 170 217 Q 68 1 9 57

Propane ............................................ 108 91 52 38 Q 16 Q Q 13

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,413 1,700 1,655 58 569 40 151 378

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,112 1,556 1,516 39 513 35 139 340

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 2,994 1,507 1,453 34 479 33 119 327

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 670 319 348 Q 131 Q 18 109

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 118 70 47 N Q Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 97 53 44 Q 52 Q 13 38

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 598 140 374 83 66 Q Q 46

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 478 221 245 Q 45 Q Q 31

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 421 194 218 Q 77 5 13 59

100 ................................................... 2,962 2,515 1,285 1,192 37 447 32 126 289

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 899 284 513 102 121 Q 26 85

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 865 456 394 Q 120 Q 38 72

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 534 274 257 Q 95 6 17 72

100 ................................................... 2,011 1,713 826 866 Q 299 20 84 195

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 47 45 Q Q N Q N Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 929 831 453 378 N 98 Q 26 64

51 to 99 ............................................. 1,108 939 477 463 N 168 17 36 115

100 ................................................... 2,176 1,839 863 977 N 337 21 98 218

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 386 356 38 177 141 30 Q Q Q

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 1,964 1,660 805 796 58 304 Q 83 200

1 to 50 .............................................. 1,882 1,633 806 807 20 249 20 67 162

51 to 100 ........................................... 136 122 55 63 Q 15 Q Q Q

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 664 596 174 362 60 67 4 12 51

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 401 226 170 Q 74 2 22 50

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 239 132 101 Q 39 Q Q 26

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 152 91 61 N 14 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 32 14 18 N 25 Q Q 23

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 1,664 863 772 Q 200 Q 48 144

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 700 329 358 Q 119 12 19 88

District Heat ...................................... 65 23 16 7 Q 42 4 26 11

Boilers .............................................. 579 448 254 191 Q 131 14 31 87

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 813 375 426 Q 140 6 27 107

Other ................................................ 205 182 85 93 Q 23 Q Q 15

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 915 463 444 Q 92 2 19 71

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 413 228 177 Q 79 Q 22 52

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 247 133 106 Q 41 Q Q 25

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 157 93 64 N 17 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 33 14 19 N 25 Q Q 23

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 607 299 298 Q 135 Q 38 87

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 13 9 4 Q 19 0 12 7

Central Chillers ................................. 111 51 27 23 Q 60 4 21 35

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 1,403 689 702 Q 210 14 42 154

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 98 51 47 Q 24 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 40 33 17 16 N Q Q Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 1,047 537 487 Q 150 7 42 101

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 1,187 617 557 Q 170 15 44 111

Water Heating Equipment

Centralized System ........................... 2,513 2,182 1,110 1,043 Q 331 27 80 224

Distributed System ............................ 785 681 325 352 Q 104 Q 28 72

Combination of Centralized

 and Distributed System .................... 175 131 72 59 Q 43 2 11 31

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 2,184 1,913 973 928 Q 271 20 64 187

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 3,943 3,369 1,680 1,673 16 575 43 156 376

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 941 785 399 385 Q 156 11 49 97

High Intensity Discharge ................... 455 348 177 166 Q 107 9 31 67

Halogen ............................................ 565 503 251 247 Q 62 6 15 41

Other ................................................ 8 Q Q Q N Q N Q Q

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may apply)

a

Any Refrigeration............................... 3,176 2,763 1,403 1,342 Q 413 23 110 280

 Commercial Refrigeration ............... 1,007 872 383 486 Q 135 Q 19 111

 Walk-In Units ................................ 666 576 230 345 Q 90 2 12 75

 Cases or Cabinets ........................ 825 729 317 410 Q 95 Q 15 77

 Residential-Type Units .................... 2,370 2,049 1,108 927 Q 321 19 85 216

 Vending Machines .......................... 996 779 392 385 Q 217 15 62 140

No Refrigeration ................................ 1,469 1,248 437 687 123 221 Q 55 144

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 2,576 1,350 1,218 Q 505 28 144 333

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 717 381 336 N 159 12 52 95

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 967 516 450 Q 208 16 46 146

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 1,642 892 745 Q 328 13 84 232

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 1,190 605 582 Q 230 19 67 144

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 2,373 1,210 1,154 Q 341 20 98 224

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 1,638 949 682 Q 301 20 88 193

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 1,435 491 811 133 130 Q Q 92

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 1,491 748 735 Q 179 Q 54 120

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 491 268 223 N 68 Q 19 38

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 297 176 121 Q 73 Q Q 47

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 181 104 76 N 74 Q 23 49

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 60 30 31 N 50 Q 13 36

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 35 15 20 N 44 Q 10 33

250 or More ...................................... 38 21 9 11 N 17 1 6 10

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 3,044 1,325 1,579 141 426 29 118 279

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 878 468 409 Q 182 13 36 133

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 45 26 18 N 13 Q Q 9

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 23 11 12 N 7 1 4 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 12 4 8 N 5 Q Q Q

50 or More ........................................ 10 9 6 3 N 1 Q Q Q

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 2,373 891 1,347 134 334 25 77 232

One ................................................... 1,250 1,109 641 460 Q 142 Q 51 79

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 432 253 179 N 117 Q 26 85

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 57 35 22 N 28 Q 8 19

10 or More ........................................ 54 40 20 21 N 14 1 3 10

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 668 319 348 Q 131 Q 18 109

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 452 211 239 Q 115 Q 31 80

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 353 186 167 Q 200 8 47 146

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 351 185 164 Q 115 3 35 77

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 366 187 175 Q 143 6 46 91

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 2,119 1,084 1,018 16 462 32 129 302

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 124 64 57 Q 128 4 31 94

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 1,874 993 845 35 327 20 83 224

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 1,120 556 543 20 204 13 56 135

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 277 132 140 Q 31 Q 8 19

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 1,101 540 537 Q 132 10 26 96

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 276 143 128 Q 54 4 15 35

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 62 33 27 Q 12 Q Q 8

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 752 389 358 Q 175 15 45 115

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 2,149 1,052 1,090 Q 428 25 111 292

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 39 18 21 N 21 Q Q 17

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 2,463 1,280 1,143 40 415 24 104 287

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 2,361 1,225 1,109 Q 401 28 104 269

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 3,153 1,590 1,563 N 533 40 146 346

Office Equipment .............................. 1504 1230 687 539 Q 273 10 76 187

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to the 

Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 6,043 2,682 3,162 199 746 Q 206 498

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,827 2,858 2,791 Q 758 Q Q 620

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 9,738 5,028 4,530 Q 1,797 Q 604 1,044

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 6,659 3,197 3,141 Q 2,009 Q 531 1,327

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 5,779 2,464 2,951 Q 3,278 Q 620 2,557

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 5,958 2,919 2,714 Q 3,106 Q 1,142 1,644

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 4,803 2,048 2,408 Q 2,373 545 408 1,420

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 4,613 2,396 2,217 N 1,295 606 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 2,070 1,232 839 N 7,804 Q 1,671 6,067

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,243 541 702 N Q N Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,547 489 1,058 N Q N Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 2,662 1,611 1,051 N 501 121 Q 168

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,557 911 646 N 348 Q Q Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,105 700 405 N Q Q Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,734 1,624 3,110 N 363 Q Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,312 2,020 2,292 N Q Q N N

Office ................................................ 12,208 10,515 5,571 4,944 N 1,693 482 531 680

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 2,189 1,204 984 N 1,751 Q 726 977

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 Q Q Q N 967 Q Q 853

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,754 2,804 950 N N N N N

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,018 1,680 1,338 N 1,032 533 Q 293

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 9,371 3,736 5,635 N Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,574 774 800 N 164 Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 2,310 Q Q 1,916 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,119 1,716 1,357 Q 650 Q Q 440

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 4,879 2,883 1,597 Q 1,992 Q 282 1,020

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 4,994 2,514 2,252 Q 2,050 Q 377 1,551

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 5,660 2,917 2,452 Q 2,441 333 819 1,289

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 8,167 3,410 4,315 Q 2,605 Q 738 1,572

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 8,564 4,095 4,336 Q 1,768 Q 566 1,094

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 9,529 4,039 5,289 Q 2,830 Q 713 1,758

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,508 2,016 2,315 Q 1,025 Q Q 874

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 10,389 5,904 4,204 Q 2,517 Q 599 1,706

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 12,470 6,171 5,539 760 4,610 Q 764 2,925

South ................................................ 23,489 17,826 7,869 9,358 600 5,662 521 1,718 3,423

West ................................................. 11,310 8,736 3,648 4,813 Q 2,574 Q 727 1,545

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 8,063 3,894 3,972 Q 2,558 167 696 1,695

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 12,350 6,510 5,030 810 4,985 1,135 709 3,141

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 9,204 4,791 4,244 Q 2,300 Q 692 1,182

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 12,409 5,496 6,439 473 3,330 144 1,247 1,939

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,396 2,899 4,228 Q 2,189 Q Q 1,642

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

109
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 20,203 8,613 10,719 870 5,779 902 917 3,959

Two ................................................... 16,270 12,450 5,914 5,901 636 3,819 Q 842 2,834

Three ................................................ 7,501 5,694 3,061 2,402 Q 1,807 Q 349 1,332

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 6,678 3,822 2,677 Q 3,406 650 1,531 1,226

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 4,396 2,181 2,215 N 551 136 Q Q

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 24,617 17,048 8,806 7,777 Q 7,569 1,012 2,382 4,174

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 8,221 4,926 2,507 2,181 Q 3,295 Q 774 2,292

 Two to Five ..................................... 10,129 7,177 3,670 3,307 Q 2,952 186 1,346 1,420

 Six or More ..................................... 6,268 4,945 2,629 2,289 Q 1,323 598 263 462

Any Escalators .................................. 2,350 1,839 1,001 832 Q 511 Q Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 13,316 5,546 5,854 1,916 2,176 Q 456 1,128

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,386 2,802 2,585 N 780 Q Q 495

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 6,790 3,668 3,123 N 1,013 Q 277 678

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 7,940 3,499 4,441 N 3,049 Q 916 2,022

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 4,556 2,138 2,417 N 3,378 Q 803 2,340

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 4,139 2,262 1,877 N 2,732 Q 681 1,956

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 7,293 3,677 3,617 N 2,235 761 493 981

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,716 2,009 1,791 1,916 1,147 Q Q 903

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 7,898 4,166 3,732 N 3,724 Q 667 2,980

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 11,414 5,978 5,435 N 4,310 Q 763 2,613

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 7,997 3,722 4,275 N 2,337 208 760 1,369

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 5,305 2,582 2,724 N 1,786 Q 883 830

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 11,090 5,134 5,956 N 2,059 601 555 903

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 1,916 N N 1,916 Q Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 394 Q Q N Q N N Q

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 10,331 4,935 5,395 N 2,051 352 297 1,403

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 36,780 18,429 18,350 N 13,054 1,560 3,478 8,016

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 45,144 32,808 15,690 17,118 N 12,336 1,683 2,633 8,020

2 to 5 ................................................ 10,960 8,830 4,948 3,882 N 2,130 Q 866 1,177

6 to 10 .............................................. 1,958 1,539 519 1,020 N 419 Q Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 1,951 1,791 1,149 642 N Q Q Q Q

More than 20 ..................................... 2,609 2,536 1,285 1,251 N Q Q Q Q

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 2,161 1,916 N N 1,916 Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

110
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 40,048 33,774 15,943 16,453 1,378 6,275 716 780 4,779

College or University ......................... 3,480 1,224 905 318 N 2,256 N 2,169 Q

Primary or Secondary School ........... 3,947 373 Q 243 N 3,574 Q 259 3,132

Office Complex ................................. 2,712 2,606 1,034 1,350 Q Q Q Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 1,238 1,229 548 665 Q Q N Q N

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 2,347 2,347 1,690 624 Q N N N N

Health Care Complex ........................ 2,303 1,820 1,096 725 N 483 Q 227 153

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 912 871 156 708 Q Q Q N Q

Government Complex ....................... 2,014 Q N Q N 1,977 Q Q 928

Other ................................................ 5,783 5,140 2,088 2,792 Q 642 Q Q 446

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 32,817 22,216 11,555 9,903 758 10,601 1,364 2,631 6,605

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 10,832 8,760 3,947 4,341 472 2,073 215 396 1,461

Concrete Panels ............................... 6,559 5,559 2,048 3,105 Q 1,000 Q 414 369

Siding or Shingles ............................. 4,120 3,587 1,772 1,738 Q 532 Q Q 396

Metal Panels ..................................... 7,912 7,291 3,318 3,874 Q 621 Q Q 384

Window Glass ................................... 1,024 858 363 400 Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,113 909 499 404 Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 406 Q Q Q Q Q N Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 21,170 14,966 6,276 7,639 1,051 6,205 522 1,610 4,073

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 10,195 8,595 4,557 3,787 Q 1,599 Q 329 1,141

Metal Surfacing ................................. 11,944 10,315 4,947 5,148 Q 1,629 Q 265 1,269

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 14,730 10,271 4,967 4,958 Q 4,458 592 1,254 2,612

Slate or Tile ...................................... 2,462 1,994 1,029 928 Q 468 Q Q Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 887 720 294 421 Q Q Q Q Q

Concrete ........................................... 2,231 1,578 825 753 N Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 598 514 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 565 467 Q Q N Q Q N Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 17,844 12,881 6,930 5,531 Q 4,963 464 1,071 3,428

 Addition or Annex ........................... 6,551 4,589 2,573 1,905 Q 1,962 Q 411 1,430

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 1,012 829 423 Q N Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 13,119 9,663 5,136 4,325 Q 3,456 180 787 2,489

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 8,070 5,614 2,953 2,629 Q 2,457 294 458 1,705

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 8,518 6,238 3,436 2,745 Q 2,280 Q 584 1,472

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 10,768 7,265 4,236 3,027 Q 3,503 305 724 2,474

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 10,275 6,981 3,872 3,077 Q 3,294 268 750 2,275

 Window Replacement .................... 6,354 4,526 2,644 1,753 Q 1,828 Q 318 1,419

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 7,144 4,943 2,766 2,142 Q 2,201 Q 503 1,499

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 4,015 2,776 1,867 876 Q 1,238 Q Q 865

 Other Renovation ........................... 523 427 253 Q N Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 18,714 13,938 6,511 6,442 985 4,776 1,008 1,324 2,444

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 28,225 22,601 10,150 11,940 511 5,624 484 1,413 3,726

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

111
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 48,012 23,454 23,258 1,299 15,295 1,951 3,786 9,558

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 33,317 16,548 15,886 883 10,150 1,083 2,438 6,630

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 11,374 6,092 5,215 Q 3,783 381 962 2,441

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 2,148 1,421 698 Q 3,295 Q 1,694 653

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 1,069 711 323 Q 1,785 247 1,051 487

Propane ............................................ 7,076 5,280 2,481 2,639 Q 1,796 Q Q 1,030

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,033 611 396 Q 368 Q Q Q

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 28,600 23,040 10,959 11,681 400 5,560 588 716 4,257

Natural Gas ...................................... 36,959 28,612 14,264 13,526 821 8,347 782 1,814 5,751

Fuel Oil ............................................. 5,988 4,378 2,595 1,784 N 1,609 Q 328 1,167

District Heat ...................................... 5,198 1,984 1,363 591 Q 3,214 Q 1,631 639

Propane ............................................ 3,204 2,554 1,556 951 Q 649 Q Q 440

Other ................................................ 842 718 451 241 Q Q Q Q Q

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 15,996 13,204 5,410 7,618 Q 2,793 Q 276 2,444

Natural Gas ...................................... 32,970 25,322 12,902 11,605 815 7,647 777 1,521 5,350

Fuel Oil ............................................. 3,818 2,805 1,764 1,041 N 1,013 Q Q 685

District Heat ...................................... 4,907 1,860 1,314 517 Q 3,047 Q 1,589 519

Propane ............................................ 1,955 1,538 747 743 Q 417 Q Q 301

Other ................................................ 382 335 228 Q N Q N N Q

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 54,321 42,323 20,954 20,829 540 11,998 1,163 2,553 8,282

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,018 678 444 234 N Q Q Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 1,069 711 323 Q 1,785 247 1,051 487

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 27,490 22,196 11,450 10,431 Q 5,294 465 1,015 3,814

Natural Gas ...................................... 28,820 21,116 10,036 10,611 Q 7,705 786 1,742 5,177

Fuel Oil ............................................. 1,880 1,201 880 321 N 679 Q Q 445

District Heat ...................................... 3,088 1,495 994 501 N 1,592 Q 1,074 Q

Propane ............................................ 1,422 965 453 511 N 458 Q Q 360

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 13,161 8,072 4,183 3,884 Q 5,089 Q 622 4,166

Natural Gas ...................................... 15,438 10,740 5,319 5,381 Q 4,698 502 652 3,544

Propane ............................................ 1,460 926 472 453 Q 534 Q Q 431

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

112
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 45,064 22,364 21,630 1,069 14,964 1,908 3,710 9,346

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 43,341 21,640 21,160 540 13,599 1,357 3,542 8,701

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 42,588 21,511 20,404 673 13,890 1,407 3,626 8,857

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 14,480 7,694 6,740 Q 7,757 674 976 6,107

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,010 1,591 1,419 N Q Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 8,748 4,441 4,219 Q 4,073 459 1,172 2,442

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 4,357 1,227 2,283 847 399 Q Q 253

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 6,466 3,006 3,240 Q 384 Q Q 273

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 6,023 3,132 2,838 Q 2,083 288 344 1,452

100 ................................................... 45,071 32,575 16,226 15,553 795 12,497 1,603 3,273 7,621

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 7,843 6,080 1,951 2,753 1,376 1,763 Q 266 898

1 to 50 .............................................. 16,598 13,595 6,911 6,386 Q 3,003 Q 645 2,124

51 to 99 ............................................. 13,211 9,742 4,982 4,734 Q 3,468 484 738 2,247

100 ................................................... 27,132 20,004 9,748 10,040 Q 7,128 639 2,159 4,330

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 293 271 Q Q N Q N Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 10,203 9,154 5,113 4,041 N 1,049 Q 352 617

51 to 99 ............................................. 18,288 12,832 6,655 6,178 N 5,456 591 1,468 3,397

100 ................................................... 32,789 24,275 11,545 12,729 N 8,514 1,239 1,944 5,331

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 3,210 2,888 200 772 1,916 321 Q Q Q

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 17,385 13,423 6,600 6,138 685 3,962 Q 813 2,595

1 to 50 .............................................. 30,948 22,166 10,993 10,562 611 8,782 646 2,326 5,809

51 to 100 ........................................... 2,093 1,601 754 844 Q 492 Q Q Q

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 14,357 12,231 5,244 6,370 617 2,126 606 577 944

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 6,502 3,362 3,117 Q 2,312 Q 216 1,764

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 4,032 2,199 1,810 Q 1,410 Q Q 1,008

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 2,002 1,017 985 N 579 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 1,698 776 922 N 993 Q Q 948

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 16,722 8,468 7,808 Q 2,893 Q 530 2,250

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 9,880 5,128 4,575 Q 2,665 406 364 1,896

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 1,980 1,363 587 Q 3,186 Q 1,603 639

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 13,422 7,033 6,172 Q 7,001 756 1,444 4,801

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 14,279 6,674 7,225 Q 3,742 325 499 2,918

Other ................................................ 3,262 2,836 1,246 1,537 Q 427 Q Q 297

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

113
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 9,150 4,697 4,405 Q 1,885 Q 233 1,322

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 6,709 3,500 3,170 Q 2,332 Q 216 1,743

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 4,055 2,180 1,836 Q 1,371 Q Q 922

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 2,021 998 1,023 N 585 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 1,924 951 973 N 1,016 Q Q 971

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 9,008 4,461 4,419 Q 3,550 253 686 2,612

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 1,069 711 323 Q 1,785 247 1,051 487

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 7,055 3,586 3,432 Q 4,581 681 1,258 2,642

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 23,772 11,883 11,561 Q 6,197 606 1,002 4,588

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 1,153 642 505 Q 407 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 920 495 425 N Q Q Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 12,856 6,478 6,166 Q 3,547 171 750 2,626

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 16,049 8,043 7,957 Q 4,946 600 974 3,372

Water Heating Equipment

Centralized System ........................... 34,671 26,319 13,602 12,176 Q 8,352 737 2,537 5,077

Distributed System ............................ 11,540 9,328 4,646 4,567 Q 2,212 Q 456 1,504

Combination of Centralized

 and Distributed System .................... 10,267 6,941 3,263 3,661 Q 3,326 417 633 2,276

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 38,528 29,422 15,132 13,986 Q 9,106 1,016 2,460 5,630

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 59,688 44,937 22,532 21,857 548 14,750 1,946 3,743 9,060

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 27,571 20,019 10,599 9,326 Q 7,552 935 2,274 4,343

High Intensity Discharge ................... 20,643 13,866 6,915 6,727 Q 6,777 1,215 1,411 4,152

Halogen ............................................ 17,703 14,281 7,011 7,240 Q 3,422 415 688 2,318

Other ................................................ 269 Q Q Q N Q N Q Q

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may apply)

a

Any Refrigeration............................... 52,974 39,741 20,451 18,870 Q 13,233 1,297 3,302 8,633

 Commercial Refrigeration ............... 26,768 18,344 9,103 9,190 Q 8,424 732 1,324 6,368

 Walk-In Units ................................ 20,254 13,335 6,276 7,009 Q 6,920 689 1,097 5,134

 Cases or Cabinets ........................ 20,424 14,486 7,055 7,389 Q 5,938 528 995 4,415

 Residential-Type Units .................... 38,884 29,266 15,919 13,060 Q 9,618 1,071 2,256 6,291

 Vending Machines .......................... 35,335 24,400 12,198 12,087 Q 10,935 1,188 2,913 6,834

No Refrigeration ................................ 11,809 9,680 3,140 5,043 1,497 2,130 Q 506 965

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

114
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 55,627 41,299 20,996 20,004 Q 14,329 1,674 3,661 8,994

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 26,417 18,776 10,016 8,760 N 7,641 919 2,395 4,327

Dedicated Servers ............................ 36,338 25,984 13,472 12,497 Q 10,354 1,207 2,409 6,738

Laser Printers ................................... 33,012 24,340 12,680 11,429 Q 8,672 616 1,804 6,252

Inkjet Printers .................................... 32,210 24,321 12,192 12,091 Q 7,889 1,104 2,233 4,552

FAX Machines .................................. 52,373 39,573 20,042 19,296 Q 12,800 1,273 3,306 8,221

Photocopiers ..................................... 46,257 33,724 17,771 15,878 Q 12,533 1,322 3,242 7,969

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 9,156 8,122 2,595 3,910 1,617 1,034 Q Q 604

1 to 4 ................................................ 12,395 10,829 5,187 5,377 Q 1,566 Q 373 855

5 to 9 ................................................ 7,179 6,426 3,509 2,917 N 754 Q 186 349

10 to 19 ............................................. 6,610 5,635 2,785 2,815 Q 975 Q Q 603

20 to 49 ............................................. 7,414 5,697 2,859 2,838 N 1,718 Q 570 1,059

50 to 99 ............................................. 5,376 3,273 1,694 1,579 N 2,103 Q 524 1,466

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,690 3,040 1,439 1,601 N 3,651 Q 712 2,853

250 or More ...................................... 9,963 6,400 3,522 2,878 N 3,563 724 1,030 1,809

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 28,445 23,437 10,119 11,416 1,902 5,009 Q 1,399 2,861

1 to 4 ................................................ 24,116 17,137 8,776 8,346 Q 6,979 413 1,290 5,277

5 to 9 ................................................ 3,864 2,654 1,448 1,206 N 1,210 Q Q 794

10 to 19 ............................................. 3,027 1,913 1,011 902 N 1,115 149 500 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 2,583 1,937 975 962 N 646 Q Q Q

50 or More ........................................ 2,748 2,344 1,262 1,081 N 404 Q Q Q

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 18,526 15,697 5,820 8,036 1,841 2,830 Q 566 1,630

One ................................................... 15,475 12,917 6,962 5,881 Q 2,557 Q 752 1,483

2 to 4 ................................................ 15,082 10,222 5,091 5,131 N 4,860 Q 1,199 3,527

5 to 9 ................................................ 5,515 3,124 1,737 1,388 N 2,391 Q 773 1,492

10 or More ........................................ 10,185 7,461 3,982 3,478 N 2,724 739 518 1,467

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 14,478 7,694 6,740 Q 7,746 674 976 6,096

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 12,990 6,200 6,744 Q 6,492 630 1,274 4,589

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 17,092 8,862 8,196 Q 9,781 996 2,064 6,720

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 13,196 6,873 6,088 Q 6,401 569 1,892 3,941

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 14,155 7,269 6,730 Q 6,953 753 2,093 4,108

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 37,125 18,712 17,826 587 14,039 1,868 3,523 8,648

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 8,641 4,651 3,844 Q 6,989 524 1,782 4,683

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

115
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 29,309 15,206 13,582 522 9,600 846 2,246 6,509

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 22,272 10,920 10,517 835 7,615 1,491 1,850 4,274

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 6,782 3,174 3,495 Q 1,762 Q 311 1,157

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 13,668 6,840 6,659 Q 3,574 259 983 2,332

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 8,961 4,997 3,900 Q 3,585 394 808 2,383

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 2,020 952 1,040 Q 848 Q Q 534

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 18,580 9,742 8,568 Q 7,538 1,414 1,730 4,394

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 34,000 17,281 16,360 Q 12,882 1,747 3,201 7,933

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 4,781 3,370 1,846 1,524 N 1,411 Q Q 1,137

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 31,594 16,247 14,526 821 11,128 948 2,424 7,756

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 32,135 16,719 15,007 Q 11,070 959 2,599 7,512

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 34,378 17,600 16,778 N 12,609 1,284 3,154 8,172

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 13,287 7,170 5,935 Q 6,110 Q 1,141 4,380

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to the 

Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

116
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,754 643 55 23 14 157

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,131 311 Q Q N 100

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 720 136 Q N Q Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 590 104 22 Q Q Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 163 50 11 Q Q Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 87 25 4 5 Q Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 43 11 4 Q Q Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 15 5 Q 1 2 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 3 1 Q Q 1 Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 360 21 Q N N N

Food Sales ....................................... 226 203 Q N N Q N

Food Service ..................................... 297 270 26 Q N N N

Health Care ....................................... 129 91 34 Q Q Q N

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 6 1 Q Q Q N

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 84 32 Q Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 142 130 12 Q N N N

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 368 68 Q Q Q N

Office ................................................ 824 536 228 37 14 7 N

Public Assembly ............................... 277 237 35 Q Q Q N

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 57 Q Q Q N N

Religious Worship ............................. 370 339 31 N Q N N

Service .............................................. 622 561 58 Q Q N N

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 518 74 Q Q Q N

Other ................................................ 79 63 15 Q N Q N

Vacant .............................................. 182 Q Q N N N 157

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 248 61 Q Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 402 84 Q Q Q 35

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 449 78 Q Q Q Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 479 74 7 Q Q Q

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 599 92 12 7 3 Q

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 545 111 12 4 4 Q

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 746 106 Q Q Q Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 286 37 Q Q Q Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 559 130 12 5 3 Q

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 1,047 157 12 2 Q 47

South ................................................ 1,775 1,444 215 16 9 7 84

West ................................................. 878 704 141 15 7 3 Q

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 667 147 8 Q Q Q

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 955 167 16 5 Q 28

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 554 87 6 4 Q Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1,060 143 13 4 5 51

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 516 99 11 8 2 32

Table B19. Number of Establishments in Building, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

117
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,754 643 55 23 14 157

Table B19. Number of Establishments in Building, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 2,670 333 17 Q Q 111

Two ................................................... 1,031 757 211 19 Q Q 33

Three ................................................ 339 244 64 9 5 Q Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 79 31 8 5 2 Q

Ten or More ...................................... 12 3 3 Q 1 3 N

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 183 74 22 12 8 9

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 132 52 12 Q Q Q

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 46 19 9 7 4 Q

 Six or More ..................................... 13 43113 Q

Any Escalators .................................. 6 3 Q Q Q 1 Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,233 252 Q Q Q 157

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 627 149 Q Q N N

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 442 110 Q N Q N

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 291 84 17 Q Q N

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 100 29 9 6 Q N

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 47 14 6 6 4 N

250 or More ...................................... 30 13 6424 N

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 774 68 N Q Q 157

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 868 225 13 Q Q N

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 836 192 23 8 4 N

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 505 68 12 3 3 N

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 358 39 Q Q Q N

Open Continuously ........................... 475 413 51 5 3 2 N

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 3,200 584 50 22 13 141

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 1,460 342 23 10 5 N

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 1,740 242 27 12 8 N

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 N N N N N 141

Government Owned .......................... 635 553 59 5 Q Q Q

 Federal ........................................... 46 41 Q Q Q Q Q

 State ............................................... 164 147 13 Q Q Q Q

 Local ............................................... 425 366 41 Q Q Q Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 N N N N N 157

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q Q N N N N

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 391 107 26 14 10 N

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 3,344 529 29 9 4 N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

118
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,754 643 55 23 14 157

Table B19. Number of Establishments in Building, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 3,169 2,509 489 34 13 11 113

College or University ......................... 83 67 14 Q Q Q N

Primary or Secondary School ........... 254 252 Q N N N Q

Office Complex ................................. 111 50 40 14 3 Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 151 134 Q Q N Q Q

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 195 170 Q Q Q N Q

Health Care Complex ........................ 39 27 11 Q Q Q Q

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 61 51 Q Q N N Q

Government Complex ....................... 87 71 Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 496 422 46 Q Q Q Q

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,591 635 55 23 14 85

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 1,912 382 39 12 9 37

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 373 65 6 3 3 Q

District Heat ...................................... 67 45 15 Q Q 1 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 22 8 Q Q Q Q

Propane ............................................ 502 433 60 Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 132 107 24 Q N Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,233 602 53 22 13 60

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 2,921 578 52 22 12 40

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 2,779 574 53 21 10 34

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 676 106 Q 5 3 Q

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 89 25 Q Q Q N

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 109 28 6 3 3 Q

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 398 57 8 5 2 Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 228 34 Q Q Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 141 21 Q Q Q N

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 51 4 Q Q Q N

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 1,483 321 22 Q Q Q

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 669 126 7 Q 2 Q

District Heat ...................................... 65 43 15 Q Q Q Q

Boilers .............................................. 579 464 92 8 5 6 Q

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 769 148 14 6 4 Q

Other ................................................ 205 169 27 Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

119
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,754 643 55 23 14 157

Table B19. Number of Establishments in Building, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 764 219 13 Q Q Q

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 410 58 8 6 2 Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 234 34 Q Q Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 148 22 Q Q Q N

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 51 4 Q Q Q N

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 610 112 7 Q Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 22 8 Q Q Q Q

Central Chillers ................................. 111 79 19 6 3 4 Q

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 1,318 240 25 10 7 Q

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 97 20 Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 40 28 Q Q Q Q N

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 949 197 16 7 4 Q

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 1,078 236 19 8 4 Q

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 2,443 539 55 23 13 Q

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 637 186 29 14 11 Q

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 880 238 34 14 8 Q

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 1,545 370 32 11 8 Q

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 1,102 254 33 18 10 Q

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 2,107 511 55 21 11 Q

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 1,463 391 47 21 10 Q

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 1,311 104 N Q Q 148

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 1,402 241 Q Q Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 439 114 Q Q Q N

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 278 80 Q Q Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 178 61 12 Q Q N

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 69 24 9 5 Q N

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 55 11 5 5 Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 38 22 7323 N

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 2,873 405 20 Q Q 157

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 818 212 21 7 Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 35 11 8 3 Q N

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 15 6 4 Q 2 N

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 8 5 Q Q 3 N

50 or More ........................................ 10 5 Q Q Q 1 N

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 2,291 252 Q Q Q 150

One ................................................... 1,250 1,023 202 Q Q Q Q

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 371 159 13 Q Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 50 17 15 Q Q N

10 or More ........................................ 54 18 12 9 9 7 N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

120
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,754 643 55 23 14 157

Table B19. Number of Establishments in Building, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 676 106 Q 5 3 Q

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 486 71 5 2 2 Q

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 421 103 15 8 6 Q

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 361 73 15 9 5 Q

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 396 80 19 6 5 Q

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 2,069 420 44 21 9 17

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 197 34 9 4 4 Q

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 1,751 354 33 14 8 41

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 1,032 227 26 11 6 21

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 252 32 10 Q 3 Q

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 968 205 20 8 Q 28

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 248 60 9 4 3 Q

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 64 7 Q Q Q Q

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 746 139 21 11 6 Q

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 2,113 390 36 16 14 Q

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 49 6 Q 1 2 N

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 2,328 447 39 12 11 42

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 2,199 471 40 13 11 27

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 3,041 566 47 20 11 N

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 1,225 246 20 5 Q Q

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

121
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 45,144 10,960 1,958 1,951 2,609 2,161

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 5,613 916 Q Q N 223

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,304 1,031 Q N Q Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 9,098 1,732 383 Q Q Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 5,807 1,837 355 Q Q Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 6,218 1,739 273 337 Q Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 6,102 1,545 539 Q Q Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 4,246 1,361 Q 389 531 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 2,756 800 Q Q 1,522 Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 8,714 946 Q N N N

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,057 Q N N Q N

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,375 246 Q N N N

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 2,004 735 Q Q Q N

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,328 361 Q Q Q N

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 676 374 Q Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,234 783 Q N N N

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 3,410 630 Q Q Q N

Office ................................................ 12,208 4,894 2,709 1,144 1,332 2,129 N

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,110 677 Q Q Q N

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 643 Q Q Q N N

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,272 479 N Q N N

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,509 465 Q Q N N

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 7,560 2,034 Q Q Q N

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,188 495 Q N Q N

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 Q Q N N N 2,161

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 2,460 788 Q Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 4,557 997 Q Q Q 465

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 5,229 1,145 Q Q Q Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 5,582 1,476 306 Q Q Q

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 7,604 1,552 297 277 600 Q

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 6,287 2,142 387 491 882 Q

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 9,151 2,080 Q Q Q Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,273 780 Q Q Q Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 8,061 2,517 571 722 696 Q

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 12,359 2,803 510 301 Q 892

South ................................................ 23,489 16,947 3,740 550 589 1,011 652

West ................................................. 11,310 7,776 1,900 327 340 688 Q

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 7,138 2,271 401 Q Q Q

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 12,514 2,774 540 409 Q 821

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 7,713 1,887 341 533 812 Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 11,616 2,422 226 387 598 491

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 6,163 1,606 450 304 760 303

Table B20. Number of Establishments in Building, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

122
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 45,144 10,960 1,958 1,951 2,609 2,161

Table B20. Number of Establishments in Building, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 20,956 3,717 265 Q Q 889

Two ................................................... 16,270 11,910 2,858 527 Q Q 652

Three ................................................ 7,501 5,084 1,279 259 481 Q Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 5,860 2,335 697 496 345 Q

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 1,332 772 Q 693 1,940 N

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 24,617 13,567 4,830 1,404 1,729 2,453 634

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 8,221 5,751 1,639 360 Q Q Q

 Two to Five ..................................... 10,129 5,410 2,137 804 959 462 Q

 Six or More ..................................... 6,268 2,406 1,054 241 638 1,900 Q

Any Escalators .................................. 2,350 1,023 Q Q Q 809 Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 11,824 1,399 Q Q Q 2,161

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 4,924 1,183 Q Q N N

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 6,115 1,584 Q N Q N

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 7,967 2,369 476 Q Q N

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 5,487 1,487 375 511 Q N

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 4,368 1,451 340 420 293 N

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 4,458 1,486 565 853 2,165 N

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 4,235 437 N Q Q 2,161

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 8,244 2,714 213 Q Q N

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 10,192 3,022 806 852 851 N

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 7,310 1,664 323 346 691 N

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 5,645 1,038 Q Q Q N

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 9,518 2,086 403 437 705 N

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 49,421 32,808 8,830 1,539 1,791 2,536 1,916

 Owner Occupied ............................. 23,591 15,690 4,948 519 1,149 1,285 N

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 23,914 17,118 3,882 1,020 642 1,251 N

 Unoccupied ..................................... 1,916 NNNNN 1,916

Government Owned .......................... 15,363 12,336 2,130 419 Q Q Q

 Federal ........................................... 1,956 1,683 Q Q Q Q Q

 State ............................................... 3,808 2,633 866 Q Q Q Q

 Local ............................................... 9,599 8,020 1,177 Q Q Q Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 NNNNN 2,161

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 Q Q N N N N

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 5,288 2,473 1,043 1,427 2,151 N

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 39,682 8,255 915 524 458 N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

123
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 45,144 10,960 1,958 1,951 2,609 2,161

Table B20. Number of Establishments in Building, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 40,048 27,568 6,792 1,019 1,064 2,005 1,601

College or University ......................... 3,480 2,136 1,085 Q Q Q N

Primary or Secondary School ........... 3,947 3,779 Q N N N Q

Office Complex ................................. 2,712 877 546 422 375 Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 1,238 1,004 Q Q N Q Q

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 2,347 2,027 Q Q Q N Q

Health Care Complex ........................ 2,303 1,620 471 Q Q Q Q

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 912 698 Q Q N N Q

Government Complex ....................... 2,014 1,559 Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 5,783 3,877 1,000 Q Q Q Q

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 44,379 10,921 1,958 1,951 2,609 1,489

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 30,518 7,593 1,355 1,271 1,797 933

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 9,213 2,657 524 1,119 1,567 Q

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 3,063 1,301 Q Q 436 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 1,608 849 Q Q Q Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 5,379 1,071 Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,401 858 409 Q N Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 42,173 10,296 1,924 1,858 2,555 1,222

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 39,811 10,345 1,922 1,700 2,577 585

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 39,280 10,117 1,933 1,880 2,550 718

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 16,102 3,530 398 639 1,481 Q

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 1,980 632 Q Q Q N

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 7,603 2,400 476 829 1,415 Q

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 6,637 1,111 368 350 325 Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 3,980 686 Q Q Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 2,094 321 Q Q Q N

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 2,008 310 Q Q Q N

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 14,437 3,761 414 Q Q Q

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 8,528 2,419 420 Q 419 Q

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 2,905 1,245 Q Q Q Q

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 14,218 3,370 646 704 1,227 Q

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 12,903 2,880 597 650 610 Q

Other ................................................ 3,262 2,022 508 Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

124
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 45,144 10,960 1,958 1,951 2,609 2,161

Table B20. Number of Establishments in Building, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 8,024 2,313 329 Q Q Q

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 6,659 1,166 366 355 456 Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 3,938 688 Q Q Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 2,056 354 Q Q Q N

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 2,095 329 Q Q Q N

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 9,223 2,358 315 Q Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 1,608 849 Q Q Q Q

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 6,679 1,834 573 689 1,820 Q

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 21,391 5,283 982 966 1,019 Q

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 1,204 233 Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 729 Q Q Q Q N

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 11,523 2,890 559 798 405 Q

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 14,585 3,831 699 655 1,147 Q

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 55,627 38,544 10,293 1,958 1,948 2,571 Q

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 26,417 15,859 5,172 1,415 1,546 2,413 Q

Dedicated Servers ............................ 36,338 23,761 6,942 1,532 1,711 2,363 Q

Laser Printers ................................... 33,012 22,914 6,411 1,214 877 1,354 Q

Inkjet Printers .................................... 32,210 20,886 6,233 1,284 1,602 2,163 Q

FAX Machines .................................. 52,373 35,578 10,038 1,951 1,946 2,581 Q

Photocopiers ..................................... 46,257 31,326 8,809 1,846 1,689 2,496 Q

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 9,156 6,600 667 N Q Q 1,847

1 to 4 ................................................ 12,395 10,211 1,720 Q Q Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 7,179 5,347 1,475 Q Q Q N

10 to 19 ............................................. 6,610 4,712 1,593 Q Q Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 7,414 5,201 1,726 362 Q Q N

50 to 99 ............................................. 5,376 3,406 1,097 401 300 Q N

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,690 4,665 991 319 434 Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,963 5,002 1,691 498 741 2,031 N

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 28,445 21,382 4,018 426 Q Q 2,132

1 to 4 ................................................ 24,116 17,854 4,935 641 436 Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 3,864 2,070 653 408 522 Q N

10 to 19 ............................................. 3,027 1,505 595 410 Q 276 N

20 to 49 ............................................. 2,583 986 393 Q Q 923 N

50 or More ........................................ 2,748 1,346 365 Q Q 732 N

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 18,526 13,818 2,151 Q Q Q 2,072

One ................................................... 15,475 12,580 2,500 Q Q Q Q

2 to 4 ................................................ 15,082 10,854 3,401 467 Q Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 5,515 3,592 1,070 657 Q Q N

10 or More ........................................ 10,185 4,300 1,838 554 1,208 2,285 N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

125
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 45,144 10,960 1,958 1,951 2,609 2,161

Table B20. Number of Establishments in Building, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 16,090 3,530 398 639 1,481 Q

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 14,846 3,037 331 463 730 Q

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 17,693 5,002 822 1,216 2,093 Q

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 11,801 3,519 988 1,230 1,809 Q

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 13,314 3,898 1,163 1,011 1,563 Q

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 35,231 9,184 1,774 1,866 2,466 642

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 9,706 2,588 642 821 1,727 Q

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 27,265 7,011 1,194 1,436 1,430 574

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 18,968 5,774 1,218 1,297 1,791 839

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 5,379 1,102 438 475 1,037 Q

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 12,582 2,879 806 500 285 190

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 8,361 2,543 441 512 610 Q

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 1,899 540 Q Q Q Q

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 16,988 4,570 1,074 1,405 1,811 Q

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 32,240 8,346 1,560 1,820 2,515 Q

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 4,781 2,804 680 Q 382 681 N

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 29,789 7,290 1,305 1,296 2,169 873

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 29,802 7,892 1,528 1,395 2,148 439

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 33,694 8,403 1,523 1,484 1,884 N

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 14,753 3,558 442 249 Q Q

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

126
All

Buildings

With

Central 

Physical 

Plant

All

Buildings

With 

Central

Physical

Plant

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 1,477 116 64,783 24,735 6,604

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 771 Q 6,789 2,009 Q

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 259 Q 6,585 1,912 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 263 33 11,535 4,158 520

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 92 18 8,668 3,277 630

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 49 13 9,057 3,381 911

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 28 12 9,064 3,935 1,723

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 13 5 7,176 3,568 1,438

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 3 2 5,908 2,494 1,235

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 281 57 9,874 5,642 2,037

Food Sales ....................................... 226 Q N 1,255 Q N

Food Service ..................................... 297 27 Q 1,654 264 Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 26 4 3,163 1,899 733

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 6 2 1,905 1,508 629

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 20 Q 1,258 391 Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 69 14 5,096 2,237 726

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 66 Q 4,317 707 Q

Office ................................................ 824 240 18 12,208 4,022 1,102

Public Assembly ............................... 277 84 10 3,939 1,542 602

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 11 Q 1,090 541 Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 121 Q 3,754 1,308 Q

Service .............................................. 622 149 Q 4,050 1,041 Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 302 Q 10,078 3,874 Q

Other ................................................ 79 31 Q 1,738 842 Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 51 Q 2,567 670 Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 59 Q 3,769 978 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 112 12 6,871 2,874 985

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 147 24 7,045 2,347 669

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 215 26 8,101 3,956 1,166

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 211 11 10,772 3,787 806

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 251 14 10,332 4,154 1,249

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 318 16 12,360 4,448 1,193

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 163 3 5,533 2,190 235

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 158 19 12,905 4,490 1,103

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 306 21 17,080 6,003 1,863

South ................................................ 1,775 617 35 23,489 9,056 2,567

West ................................................. 878 395 41 11,310 5,186 1,071

Table B21. Multibuilding Facilities, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Buildings on 

Multibuilding Facilities

Buildings on

Multibuilding Facilities

Number of Buildings 

(thousand)

Total Floorspace 

(million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

127
All

Buildings

With

Central 

Physical 

Plant

All

Buildings

With 

Central

Physical

Plant

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 1,477 116 64,783 24,735 6,604

Table B21. Multibuilding Facilities, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Buildings on 

Multibuilding Facilities

Buildings on

Multibuilding Facilities

Number of Buildings 

(thousand)

Total Floorspace 

(million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 882 35 15,492 5,554 870

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 184 Q 6,166 1,642 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 165 15 7,803 2,602 253

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 143 27 10,989 4,084 985

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 54 16 7,934 3,408 1,167

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 36 11 6,871 3,339 1,271

250 or More ...................................... 30 13 6 9,528 4,106 1,948

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 341 Q 6,863 2,248 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 366 24 11,622 4,474 864

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 309 27 15,723 5,574 1,689

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 155 23 10,334 3,528 1,006

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 84 10 7,092 2,728 898

Open Continuously ........................... 475 223 20 13,149 6,183 1,960

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 1,062 37 49,421 15,647 2,503

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 446 22 23,591 7,648 1,556

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 581 15 23,914 7,461 911

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 35 Q 1,916 538 Q

Government Owned .......................... 635 415 79 15,363 9,088 4,101

 Federal ........................................... 46 34 Q 1,956 1,240 Q

 State ............................................... 164 127 43 3,808 3,028 2,085

 Local ............................................... 425 254 26 9,599 4,819 1,210

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 44 Q 2,161 560 Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q N 406 Q N

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 219 19 12,382 5,092 1,311

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 1,207 96 49,834 18,973 5,257

Multibuilding Facility Activity

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 3,169 N N 40,048 N N

College or University ......................... 83 83 48 3,480 3,480 2,467

Primary or Secondary School ........... 254 254 36 3,947 3,947 871

Office Complex ................................. 111 111 4 2,712 2,712 456

Retail Complex ................................. 151 151 N 1,238 1,238 N

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 195 195 Q 2,347 2,347 Q

Health Care Complex ........................ 39 39 8 2,303 2,303 867

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 61 61 Q 912 912 Q

Government Complex ....................... 87 87 5 2,014 2,014 Q

Other ................................................ 496 496 5 5,783 5,783 526

Central Plant that Produces

District Hot Water ............................. 59 59 59 3,321 3,321 3,321

District Steam ................................... 56 56 56 4,059 4,059 4,059

District Chilled Water ........................ 69 69 69 4,969 4,969 4,969

Electricity .......................................... 19 19 19 1,251 1,251 1,251

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

128
All

Buildings

With

Central 

Physical 

Plant

All

Buildings

With 

Central

Physical

Plant

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 1,477 116 64,783 24,735 6,604

Table B21. Multibuilding Facilities, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Buildings on 

Multibuilding Facilities

Buildings on

Multibuilding Facilities

Number of Buildings 

(thousand)

Total Floorspace 

(million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 1,343 116 63,307 24,089 6,604

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 582 64 43,468 14,974 3,970

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 115 14 15,157 6,961 2,244

District Heat ...................................... 67 61 58 5,443 4,241 3,909

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 29 25 2,853 2,647 2,410

Propane ............................................ 502 160 9 7,076 3,315 825

Other ................................................ 132 26 Q 1,401 537 Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 1,147 115 60,028 22,590 6,513

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 1,031 100 56,940 20,964 5,806

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 967 94 56,478 21,176 5,834

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 175 19 22,237 8,521 2,563

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 21 Q 3,138 1,025 Q

Buildings with Electricity 149 61 14 12,821 6,389 2,572

 Generation .......................................

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial 

Buildings Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from 

the CBECS web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings 

comprising 6.9 billion square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS 

estimates. See "Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were 

sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample that use the particular energy source.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

129
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Other a 

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,414 4,404 2,391 451 67 33 502 132

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,393 2,384 1,110 209 Q Q 295 79

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 836 834 496 99 Q Q 100 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 727 727 450 61 18 Q 64 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 234 234 168 22 10 6 18 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 128 128 95 23 8 5 13 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 65 65 48 21 9 6 7 Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 24 24 19 12 4 2 4 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 7 7 5 4 2 1 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 386 384 213 26 26 14 43 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 226 226 221 98 Q N N Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 297 297 226 Q Q Q 52 Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 129 129 72 13 2 1 11 Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 8 7 7 1 1 Q Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 121 121 65 6 Q Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 142 142 142 86 28 6 Q 24 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 443 443 245 37 Q Q 47 Q

Office ................................................ 824 824 824 488 65 16 9 39 17

Public Assembly ............................... 277 274 274 146 42 6 3 37 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 71 71 36 23 Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 370 370 220 38 Q Q 51 N

Service .............................................. 622 601 601 281 93 Q N 92 70

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 464 464 187 37 Q Q 48 Q

Other ................................................ 79 79 76 45 12 Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 108 106 49 Q Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 319 318 200 75 6 Q 43 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 499 499 338 52 12 Q 37 Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 541 541 313 75 15 4 52 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 571 571 309 61 13 4 63 21

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 702 700 391 59 6 5 68 49

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 671 668 303 63 5 5 90 Q

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 813 809 419 49 8 8 95 Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 298 298 118 17 Q Q 54 Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 710 710 397 254 17 6 73 26

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 1,197 1,189 802 76 13 4 173 42

South ................................................ 1,775 1,656 1,654 714 84 21 14 176 28

West ................................................. 878 851 851 479 37 15 9 80 37

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 813 809 493 145 6 3 112 43

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 1,131 1,129 718 148 27 4 106 44

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 646 642 347 97 13 7 Q 24

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1,193 1,193 646 49 13 10 112 Q

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 631 631 187 13 7 9 31 Q

Table B22. Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Sources Used (more than one may apply)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings

Using 

Any 

Energy 

Source

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

130
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Other a 

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,414 4,404 2,391 451 67 33 502 132

Table B22. Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Sources Used (more than one may apply)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings

Using 

Any 

Energy 

Source

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,425 2,415 1,082 252 20 Q 318 84

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 775 775 474 67 Q Q 75 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 563 563 359 38 Q Q 59 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 397 397 289 36 16 6 30 13

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 147 147 113 22 7 7 9 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 77 77 52 20 9 6 8 Q

250 or More ...................................... 30 30 30 23 16 5 4 3 1

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 874 866 382 83 Q Q 125 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 1,105 1,105 569 107 12 Q 115 41

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 1,058 1,055 607 100 18 6 105 30

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 580 580 374 55 11 6 55 Q

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 376 376 233 35 9 7 55 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 475 422 422 225 69 11 4 47 16

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 3,794 3,783 2,078 371 25 13 425 122

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 1,823 1,817 1,044 209 16 9 225 75

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 1,889 1,885 997 161 8 4 194 46

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 82 81 36 Q Q Q Q Q

Government Owned .......................... 635 620 620 313 80 42 19 77 10

 Federal ........................................... 46 46 46 23 4 4 0 Q Q

 State ............................................... 164 163 163 72 24 27 12 Q Q

 Local ............................................... 425 411 411 218 52 11 7 53 Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 86 85 37 Q Q Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q Q Q Q N N Q N

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 501 499 264 49 12 5 46 18

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 3,806 3,798 2,079 399 54 28 449 114

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 4,404 4,404 2,390 448 67 33 499 126

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,391 2,390 2,391 129 25 17 47 39

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 451 448 129 451 4 3 77 29

District Heat ...................................... 67 67 67 25 4 67 25 Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 33 33 17 3 25 33 Q Q

Propane ............................................ 502 502 499 47 77 Q Q 502 24

Other ................................................ 132 132 126 39 29 Q Q 24 132

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,982 3,971 2,344 443 67 32 489 132

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,625 3,623 2,153 298 55 33 399 78

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,472 3,470 2,126 376 61 31 428 95

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 801 801 564 115 9 6 148 17

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 119 119 70 25 Q Q 31 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 149 149 104 92 7 5 29 16

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

131
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Other a 

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,414 4,404 2,391 451 67 33 502 132

Table B22. Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Sources Used (more than one may apply)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings

Using 

Any 

Energy 

Source

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 799 799 563 115 9 6 146 17

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 567 567 404 82 19 7 85 24

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 553 553 373 80 19 14 50 10

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a

 "Other" includes wood, coal, solar, and all other energy sources.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

132
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Other a 

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 63,343 63,307 43,468 15,157 5,443 2,853 7,076 1,401

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 6,362 6,346 3,084 600 Q Q 806 199

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 6,212 6,197 3,692 716 Q Q 725 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 11,370 11,370 7,053 966 289 Q 1,014 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 8,385 8,385 6,025 825 369 240 638 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 9,031 9,031 6,683 1,740 574 332 925 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 9,018 9,018 6,645 2,927 1,399 793 989 Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 7,056 7,051 5,679 3,400 1,018 495 1,165 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,908 5,908 4,606 3,981 1,693 822 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,874 9,871 7,045 1,864 1,145 768 855 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,255 1,237 747 Q N N Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,654 1,654 1,396 Q Q Q 220 Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,163 3,163 2,544 1,882 493 297 397 Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 1,905 1,805 1,683 436 279 329 Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,258 1,258 739 199 Q Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 5,096 5,096 4,256 2,193 345 Q 614 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,317 4,317 2,866 501 Q Q 382 Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 12,208 12,208 8,208 4,075 1,569 730 368 272

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,935 3,935 2,723 939 547 458 393 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,090 1,090 637 620 Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,754 3,754 2,629 453 Q Q 381 N

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,982 3,982 2,496 626 Q N 557 402

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 9,425 9,425 5,494 1,268 Q Q 2,217 Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,738 1,729 1,252 454 Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,852 1,846 1,176 Q Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,732 3,730 2,759 961 294 Q 338 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 6,597 6,595 4,679 1,986 1,207 Q 961 Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,840 6,838 4,659 2,048 705 359 726 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 8,057 8,057 5,635 1,685 853 446 746 281

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 10,558 10,555 7,659 2,187 588 456 1,222 401

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 10,163 10,154 6,469 3,079 888 531 922 Q

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 12,096 12,078 8,177 2,086 705 804 1,428 Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 5,299 5,299 3,431 1,125 Q Q 733 Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 12,809 12,809 9,181 6,080 1,363 620 1,354 222

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 16,729 16,701 13,163 2,832 1,648 596 2,189 505

South ................................................ 23,489 22,774 22,766 13,311 4,122 1,766 1,150 2,360 306

West ................................................. 11,310 11,030 11,030 7,813 2,123 667 487 1,173 367

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 10,404 10,393 7,645 2,499 825 350 1,607 483

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 17,091 17,076 12,850 4,052 1,784 698 2,036 378

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 11,381 11,375 8,113 4,628 1,349 514 1,102 268

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 15,172 15,172 10,509 2,337 1,025 659 1,403 223

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 9,295 9,290 4,350 1,642 460 633 928 Q

Table B23. Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy Sources Used (more than one may apply)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings

Using 

Any 

Energy 

Source

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

133
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Other a 

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 63,343 63,307 43,468 15,157 5,443 2,853 7,076 1,401

Table B23. Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy Sources Used (more than one may apply)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings

Using 

Any 

Energy 

Source

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 14,097 14,061 7,023 1,459 853 Q 2,092 307

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 6,147 6,147 4,084 625 Q Q 564 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,803 7,803 5,317 1,024 Q Q 907 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,962 10,962 8,212 1,602 667 327 907 319

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,934 7,934 6,156 2,131 474 505 956 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,871 6,871 5,127 2,149 1,050 583 661 Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,528 9,528 7,549 6,168 2,191 1,219 989 205

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,934 5,900 3,259 576 Q Q 692 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 11,571 11,571 6,913 1,994 493 Q 942 238

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 15,705 15,702 10,191 3,015 1,590 658 2,034 313

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 10,312 10,312 7,468 2,089 785 347 927 Q

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,941 6,941 5,225 1,508 790 604 973 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,881 12,881 10,411 5,976 1,605 753 1,508 399

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 49,421 48,043 48,012 33,317 11,374 2,148 1,069 5,280 1,033

 Owner Occupied ............................. 23,591 23,478 23,454 16,548 6,092 1,421 711 2,481 611

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 23,914 23,263 23,258 15,886 5,215 698 323 2,639 396

 Unoccupied ..................................... 1,916 1,301 1,299 883 Q Q Q Q Q

Government Owned .......................... 15,363 15,300 15,295 10,150 3,783 3,295 1,785 1,796 368

 Federal ........................................... 1,956 1,956 1,951 1,083 381 Q 247 Q Q

 State ............................................... 3,808 3,786 3,786 2,438 962 1,694 1,051 Q Q

 Local ............................................... 9,599 9,558 9,558 6,630 2,441 653 487 1,030 Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 1,495 1,489 933 Q Q Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 Q Q Q Q N N Q N

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 12,201 12,199 8,446 4,346 1,483 681 1,199 274

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 49,289 49,262 33,845 10,718 3,834 2,138 5,653 1,101

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 63,307 63,307 43,461 15,142 5,443 2,853 7,067 1,380

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 43,468 43,461 43,468 10,383 2,444 1,765 2,470 903

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 15,157 15,142 10,383 15,157 1,731 986 2,139 359

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 5,443 5,443 2,444 1,731 5,443 2,311 Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,853 2,853 1,765 986 2,311 2,853 Q Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 7,076 7,067 2,470 2,139 Q Q 7,076 234

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,401 1,380 903 359 Q Q 234 1,401

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 60,028 59,991 42,974 14,942 5,378 2,734 6,790 1,399

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 56,940 56,925 41,023 13,890 4,653 2,853 5,713 1,225

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 56,478 56,463 41,134 14,560 4,631 2,655 6,292 1,306

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 22,237 22,237 18,656 8,987 1,926 1,274 2,673 599

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,138 3,138 2,301 1,008 Q Q 1,044 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,821 12,821 10,402 9,867 2,121 1,272 1,454 467

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

134
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Other a 

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 63,343 63,307 43,468 15,157 5,443 2,853 7,076 1,401

Table B23. Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy Sources Used (more than one may apply)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings

Using 

Any 

Energy 

Source

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 22,223 22,223 18,644 8,987 1,926 1,274 2,659 599

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 19,482 19,482 16,023 7,690 2,259 1,198 2,305 633

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 26,873 26,873 20,615 10,251 3,268 1,858 2,618 569

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a

 "Other" includes wood, coal, solar, and all other energy sources.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

135
Space 

Heating Cooling

Water

Heating Cooking

Manufacturing

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 3,625 3,472 801 119

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,100 1,841 1,715 354 Q

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 782 732 725 155 29

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 659 629 607 127 28

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 225 216 217 69 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 123 118 119 50 8

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 62 60 60 28 3

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 24 23 23 14 2

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 6 6 6 4Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 382 352 298 125 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 226 188 210 186 84 Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 282 283 297 284 Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 124 129 127 12 Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 8 8 7Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 116 121 119 Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 142 130 142 47 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 408 406 314 14 Q

Office ................................................ 824 802 790 733 23 19

Public Assembly ............................... 277 258 213 227 73 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 70 61 70 14 N

Religious Worship ............................. 370 359 308 315 108 N

Service .............................................. 622 515 370 418 Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 316 266 243 Q 44

Other ................................................ 79 67 57 55 Q 23

Vacant .............................................. 182 69 52 47 Q N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 302 232 266 71 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 442 382 367 87 Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 493 430 416 119 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 524 467 444 92 17

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 648 609 582 112 28

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 618 577 531 112 14

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 719 695 642 144 19

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 236 234 224 65 Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 672 519 600 157 30

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 1,112 957 987 206 30

South ................................................ 1,775 1,462 1,479 1,217 304 33

West ................................................. 878 735 671 668 134 26

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 752 578 683 145 28

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 1,055 882 926 227 24

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 626 582 554 102 21

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1,051 1,003 883 210 38

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 498 580 426 116 Q

Table B24. Energy End Uses, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Energy Used For 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

136
Space 

Heating Cooling

Water

Heating Cooking

Manufacturing

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 3,625 3,472 801 119

Table B24. Energy End Uses, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Energy Used For 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,080 1,746 1,653 301 48

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 733 725 675 152 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 536 523 514 134 19

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 387 386 384 115 21

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 141 139 142 53 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 76 76 75 31 3

250 or More ...................................... 30 29 30 30 14 2

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 751 595 580 127 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 1,037 951 856 72 47

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 965 883 845 141 46

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 535 521 506 169 8

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 331 338 330 174 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 475 364 338 356 117 4

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,971 3,623 3,470 801 119

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,344 2,153 2,126 564 70

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 443 298 376 115 25

District Heat ...................................... 67 67 55 61 9 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 32 33 31 6 Q

Propane ............................................ 502 489 399 428 148 31

Other ................................................ 132 132 78 95 17 Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,982 3,469 3,337 764 111

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,469 3,625 3,112 743 92

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,337 3,112 3,472 787 102

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 764 743 787 801 9

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 111 92 102 9 119

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 148 144 143 58 4

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 762 742 785 799 9

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 550 516 567 322 16

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 539 533 516 149 19

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 

Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from 

the CBECS web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand 

buildings comprising 6.9 billion square feet.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were 

sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

137
Space

Heating Cooling

Water

Heating Cooking

Manufacturing

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 56,940 56,478 22,237 3,138

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 5,668 5,007 4,759 997 Q

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,786 5,408 5,348 1,136 214

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 10,387 9,922 9,562 1,954 472

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 8,060 7,776 7,734 2,511 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,718 8,331 8,412 3,575 540

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,710 8,339 8,300 3,991 473

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,907 6,565 6,680 4,047 605

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,792 5,591 5,683 4,025 Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,755 9,200 9,481 6,402 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,131 1,198 1,130 677 Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,608 1,583 1,654 1,611 Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,100 3,157 3,160 1,922 Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 1,899 1,905 1,819 Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,195 1,258 1,255 Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,994 4,841 5,096 3,184 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,075 4,079 3,459 771 Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 11,929 12,032 11,804 3,077 469

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,777 3,477 3,632 1,506 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,083 1,043 957 543 N

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,581 3,301 3,512 1,552 N

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,687 3,261 3,320 Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 8,126 7,295 6,624 Q 1,627

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,691 1,636 1,630 Q 502

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,491 836 1,020 Q N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,667 2,891 3,353 1,362 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 6,236 4,919 5,292 2,242 Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,534 6,045 5,924 3,156 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 7,510 7,125 7,202 2,669 514

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 10,223 9,973 9,787 3,431 537

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 9,808 9,836 9,420 3,677 429

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 11,254 11,304 10,816 3,597 572

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,796 4,848 4,683 2,104 Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 12,596 10,954 11,789 5,016 1,013

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 16,331 14,484 14,928 5,850 798

South ................................................ 23,489 20,998 21,553 19,913 7,881 642

West ................................................. 11,310 10,102 9,950 9,848 3,489 685

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 10,109 8,550 9,474 3,302 855

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 16,720 14,524 15,160 6,369 729

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 11,239 10,946 10,785 4,736 772

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 13,965 13,977 13,192 4,621 608

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,995 8,943 7,867 3,208 Q

Table B25. Energy End Uses, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Energy Used For 

(more than one may apply)

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

138
Space

Heating Cooling

Water

Heating Cooking

Manufacturing

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 56,940 56,478 22,237 3,138

Table B25. Energy End Uses, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Energy Used For 

(more than one may apply)

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 12,182 9,591 9,525 1,886 288

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,822 5,726 5,393 1,172 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,410 7,304 7,182 2,010 367

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,822 10,566 10,480 3,829 762

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,650 7,428 7,688 3,699 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,766 6,806 6,815 3,515 382

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,376 9,519 9,395 6,126 628

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,246 3,998 4,305 1,123 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 10,928 10,508 9,989 2,805 566

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 14,763 13,757 13,564 4,509 1,124

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 10,012 9,691 9,477 3,438 348

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,680 6,708 6,635 3,039 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,399 12,277 12,508 7,324 619

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 59,991 56,925 56,463 22,237 3,138

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 42,974 41,023 41,134 18,656 2,301

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 14,942 13,890 14,560 8,987 1,008

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 5,378 4,653 4,631 1,926 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 2,853 2,655 1,274 Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 6,790 5,713 6,292 2,673 1,044

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,399 1,225 1,306 599 Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 60,028 55,188 55,154 21,725 3,072

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 55,188 56,940 53,232 21,451 2,655

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 55,154 53,232 56,478 21,914 2,987

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 21,725 21,451 21,914 22,237 623

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,072 2,655 2,987 623 3,138

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,635 12,746 12,612 8,028 516

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 21,712 21,437 21,901 22,223 623

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 19,186 18,820 19,482 14,761 831

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 26,295 26,292 26,129 14,158 1,368

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 

Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from 

the CBECS web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand 

buildings comprising 6.9 billion square feet.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were 

sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

139
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Other a

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 1,766 2,165 360 65 372 113

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,100 888 1,013 196 Q 243 72

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 782 349 450 86 Q 72 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 659 311 409 46 18 38 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 225 114 151 11 9 11 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 123 60 84 8 8 Q Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 62 29 39 9 9 Q Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 24 11 15 4 4 Q Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 6 3 4 1 2 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 382 180 186 21 25 36 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 226 188 98 79 Q N Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 282 125 171 Q Q 31 Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 124 62 68 Q 2 Q Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 4 6 1 1 Q Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 116 58 62 Q Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 142 142 103 57 16 Q Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 408 169 236 35 Q 40 Q

Office ................................................ 824 802 380 465 46 16 36 Q

Public Assembly ............................... 277 258 83 141 37 6 Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 70 24 31 Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 359 152 208 36 Q 44 N

Service .............................................. 622 515 180 266 82 Q 75 68

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 316 150 178 28 Q 24 Q

Other ................................................ 79 67 32 41 Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 69 27 40 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 302 66 183 72 Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 442 142 309 48 12 Q Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 493 195 280 65 13 41 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 524 212 281 49 13 43 Q

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 648 293 360 46 6 48 45

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 618 352 271 36 4 74 Q

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 719 380 373 34 8 72 Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 236 126 107 Q Q 47 Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 672 179 347 229 17 24 Q

 New England .................................. 233 211 48 57 114 Q Q Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 461 131 290 115 12 Q Q

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 1,112 356 774 59 13 144 36

 East North Central .......................... 696 633 181 524 25 8 Q Q

 West North Central ......................... 571 479 175 250 34 Q 126 Q

South ................................................ 1,775 1,462 883 630 51 20 136 Q

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 746 492 264 40 13 80 Q

 East South Central .......................... 348 283 134 150 Q Q 41 Q

 West South Central ......................... 553 433 257 217 Q Q Q Q

West ................................................. 878 735 348 413 22 15 67 Q

 Mountain ......................................... 299 273 96 177 Q 7 32 Q

 Pacific ............................................. 580 462 251 236 Q 8 Q Q

Table B26. Space Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Space-Heating Energy Sources Used 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Space

Heating

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

140
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Other a

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 1,766 2,165 360 65 372 113

Table B26. Space Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Space-Heating Energy Sources Used 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Space

Heating

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 752 245 477 135 6 67 38

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 1,055 325 670 124 27 71 36

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 626 246 306 70 13 Q Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1051 553 576 27 12 96 Q

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 498 396 136 Q 7 Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,080 874 988 239 Q 251 78

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 733 336 431 58 Q 51 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 536 261 316 27 Q 40 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 387 176 270 17 16 20 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 141 63 98 10 7 Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 76 39 46 6 9 Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 30 29 16 17 3 5 Q Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 751 287 347 82 Q 107 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 1,037 472 546 98 12 93 39

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 965 418 571 77 18 79 Q

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 535 234 330 42 11 32 Q

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 331 143 195 28 9 28 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 475 364 211 176 34 10 32 Q

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,971 1,766 2,164 358 65 369 107

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,344 671 2,165 73 24 Q 27

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 443 116 90 360 4 20 Q

District Heat ...................................... 67 67 8 4 Q 65 Q N

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 32 6 8 Q 24 Q N

Propane ............................................ 502 489 179 40 59 Q 372 Q

Other ................................................ 132 132 41 35 28 Q Q 113

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 1,258 1,258 1,258 153 23 Q 41 Q

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,999 1,999 386 1,999 33 Q Q 19

Fuel Oil ............................................. 282 282 30 8 282 N Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 63 63 5 Q Q 63 Q N

Propane ............................................ 308 308 73 N Q Q 308 Q

Other ................................................ 72 72 Q Q Q N Q 72

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 3,589 3,434 1,640 1,945 213 31 298 57

Natural Gas ...................................... 17 17 9 17 Q Q N Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 32 6 8 Q 24 Q N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

141
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Other a

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 1,766 2,165 360 65 372 113

Table B26. Space Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Space-Heating Energy Sources Used 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Space

Heating

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,910 1,815 1,066 708 164 25 211 49

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,445 1,407 409 1,281 44 15 Q 14

Fuel Oil ............................................. 94 87 6 Q 86 Q Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 27 27 4 1 Q 26 Q N

Propane ............................................ 128 124 46 Q Q Q 100 Q

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 410 392 203 220 31 4 38 Q

Natural Gas ...................................... 457 439 176 352 28 7 Q Q

Propane ............................................ 108 101 40 Q Q Q 51 Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,982 1,766 2,165 360 65 372 113

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,469 1,643 1,956 215 53 298 59

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,337 1,474 1,912 290 59 311 76

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 764 348 446 80 9 81 Q

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 111 51 66 Q Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 148 74 89 17 7 16 Q

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 N N N N N N N

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 523 275 214 57 Q 64 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 498 229 294 48 5 41 Q

100 ................................................... 2,962 2,962 1,261 1,658 254 59 266 89

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 476 466 124 6 2 28 Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 278 268 71 Q Q Q N

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 166 166 43 Q Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 58 57 22 Q Q Q Q

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 1,864 554 1,273 188 Q 212 65

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 819 604 399 79 4 122 40

District Heat ...................................... 65 65 6 4 Q 65 Q N

Boilers .............................................. 579 579 161 397 144 Q 30 18

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 953 572 529 17 3 79 Q

Other ................................................ 205 205 116 80 36 Q 40 47

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a

 "Other" includes wood, coal, solar, and all other energy sources.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

142
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Other a

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 28,600 36,959 5,988 5,198 3,204 842

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 5,668 2,367 2,829 557 Q 665 183

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,786 2,560 3,358 626 Q 529 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 10,387 4,872 6,407 730 289 597 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 8,060 4,040 5,394 436 325 392 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,718 4,243 5,932 594 560 Q Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,710 3,962 5,261 1,271 1,386 Q Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,907 3,230 4,537 984 1,010 Q Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,792 3,326 3,241 789 1,528 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,755 4,047 5,700 1,240 1,117 446 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,131 497 633 Q N Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,608 737 1,070 Q Q 147 Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,100 1,479 2,184 546 414 Q Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 877 1,490 501 357 Q Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,195 602 694 Q Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,994 3,230 2,918 795 Q Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,075 1,941 2,719 236 Q 224 Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 11,929 6,400 6,637 672 1,526 211 Q

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,777 1,202 2,132 Q 547 Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,083 408 559 Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,581 1,759 2,450 397 Q 249 N

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,687 1,483 2,411 493 Q 422 398

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 8,126 4,141 5,351 591 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,691 762 1,145 Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,491 514 1,050 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,667 1,044 2,528 806 Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 6,236 2,070 3,747 1,499 1,203 Q Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,534 2,656 3,776 1,162 661 479 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 7,510 2,924 4,992 795 818 385 Q

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 10,223 5,072 6,800 805 573 452 318

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 9,808 5,822 5,289 294 780 402 Q

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 11,254 5,998 6,863 493 691 620 Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,796 3,016 2,965 Q Q 373 Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 12,596 4,405 7,238 3,927 1,260 743 Q

 New England .................................. 2,964 2,819 1,132 1,198 1,219 Q Q Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 9,941 9,778 3,273 6,041 2,708 1,015 Q Q

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 16,331 6,223 12,180 916 1,640 806 272

 East North Central .......................... 11,595 11,223 3,895 8,758 456 1,420 Q Q

 West North Central ......................... 5,485 5,108 2,328 3,422 460 Q 695 Q

South ................................................ 23,489 20,998 13,058 10,693 897 1,683 1,195 Q

 South Atlantic ................................. 12,258 11,012 7,347 4,852 627 1,173 908 Q

 East South Central .......................... 3,393 3,056 1,411 2,110 Q Q Q Q

 West South Central ......................... 7,837 6,929 4,300 3,731 Q Q Q Q

West ................................................. 11,310 10,102 4,914 6,848 247 615 459 Q

 Mountain ......................................... 3,675 3,525 1,389 2,547 Q 253 245 Q

 Pacific ............................................. 7,635 6,577 3,526 4,301 Q 362 Q Q

Table B27. Space Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Space-Heating Energy Sources Used 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Space

Heating

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

143
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Other a

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 28,600 36,959 5,988 5,198 3,204 842

Table B27. Space Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Space-Heating Energy Sources Used 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Space

Heating

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 10,109 3,945 7,142 1,516 818 849 339

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 16,720 6,180 11,538 1,616 1,749 650 208

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 11,239 5,080 6,236 2,295 1,281 Q Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 13,965 7,343 9,362 385 918 755 Q

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,995 6,052 2,679 Q 432 Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 12,182 4,980 6,340 1,317 Q 1,108 295

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,822 2,612 3,730 465 Q 375 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,410 3,700 4,274 810 Q 417 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,822 4,936 7,290 748 653 511 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,650 3,705 5,368 921 460 Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,766 3,555 4,562 689 984 Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,376 5,111 5,395 1,037 2,084 Q Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,246 2,167 2,995 430 Q 459 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 10,928 5,059 6,128 1,175 493 650 185

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 14,763 7,157 8,731 1,152 1,576 966 Q

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 10,012 4,626 6,658 982 772 333 Q

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,680 2,827 4,370 527 790 282 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,399 6,764 8,077 1,722 1,388 514 Q

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 59,991 28,600 36,952 5,973 5,198 3,194 821

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 42,974 17,056 36,959 3,372 2,323 Q 467

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 14,942 6,994 7,299 5,988 1,596 877 Q

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 5,378 1,205 565 Q 5,198 Q N

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 637 605 Q 2,231 Q N

Propane ............................................ 7,076 6,790 3,339 2,034 1,091 Q 3,204 Q

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,399 495 870 216 Q Q 842

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 15,996 15,996 15,996 3,278 361 Q 472 Q

Natural Gas ...................................... 32,970 32,970 10,265 32,970 1,645 Q Q 318

Fuel Oil ............................................. 3,818 3,818 645 320 3,818 N Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 4,907 4,907 992 Q Q 4,907 Q N

Propane ............................................ 1,955 1,955 632 N Q Q 1,955 Q

Other ................................................ 382 382 Q Q Q N Q 382

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 54,321 52,584 27,212 33,906 4,634 2,467 2,488 652

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,018 1,018 477 1,006 Q Q N Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 637 605 Q 2,231 Q N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

144
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Other a

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 28,600 36,959 5,988 5,198 3,204 842

Table B27. Space Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Space-Heating Energy Sources Used 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Space

Heating

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 27,490 26,527 16,579 12,487 2,328 1,618 1,950 421

Natural Gas ...................................... 28,820 28,544 11,286 25,279 2,401 936 Q 264

Fuel Oil ............................................. 1,880 1,797 283 342 1,696 Q Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 3,088 3,023 832 390 Q 2,860 Q N

Propane ............................................ 1,422 1,376 625 Q Q Q 971 Q

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 13,161 12,942 7,219 8,082 1,384 1,193 570 Q

Natural Gas ...................................... 15,438 15,125 7,194 11,256 2,296 1,212 Q Q

Propane ............................................ 1,460 1,335 569 Q 471 Q 569 Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 60,028 28,600 36,959 5,988 5,198 3,204 842

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 55,188 27,509 34,725 4,804 4,408 2,499 667

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 55,154 26,529 34,755 5,589 4,386 2,985 747

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 21,725 10,845 14,066 3,197 1,768 1,044 Q

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,072 1,762 2,214 Q Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,635 6,587 8,070 1,231 1,985 629 Q

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 N N N N N N N

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 6,850 4,077 3,685 772 Q 587 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 8,107 4,355 5,077 846 631 344 Q

100 ................................................... 45,071 45,071 20,168 28,197 4,370 4,541 2,272 679

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 8,814 8,688 4,643 295 413 516 Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 5,442 5,350 2,845 Q Q Q N

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 2,581 2,581 1,261 Q Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 2,691 2,657 1,723 Q Q Q Q

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 19,615 8,653 14,562 1,827 Q 1,946 435

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 12,545 9,838 7,947 1,438 560 1,178 317

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 5,166 1,088 486 Q 5,166 Q N

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 20,423 7,766 16,417 4,355 Q 761 286

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 18,021 11,947 12,283 593 528 833 Q

Other ................................................ 3,262 3,262 2,139 1,524 265 Q 443 384

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a

 "Other" includes wood, coal, solar, and all other energy sources.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

145
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 1,258 1,999 282 63

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,100 699 955 171 Q

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 782 233 409 58 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 659 211 372 32 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 225 63 140 8 9

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 123 32 73 6 8

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 62 15 33 Q 9

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 24 5 13 Q 4

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 6 1 3 Q 2

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 382 141 172 14 24

Food Sales ....................................... 226 188 94 68 Q N

Food Service ..................................... 297 282 94 149 Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 124 49 65 Q 1

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 Q 6 Q 0

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 116 48 59 Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 142 78 34 Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 408 115 223 Q Q

Office ................................................ 824 802 279 435 40 16

Public Assembly ............................... 277 258 62 129 37 6

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 70 Q 31 Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 359 93 198 31 Q

Service .............................................. 622 515 103 249 50 Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 316 103 168 Q Q

Other ................................................ 79 67 Q 40 Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 69 Q 39 Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 302 24 177 66 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 442 80 291 41 12

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 493 126 268 48 13

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 524 157 266 38 13

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 648 219 324 36 6

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 618 276 244 Q 4

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 719 288 333 Q 7

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 236 89 97 Q Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 672 90 324 212 17

 New England .................................. 233 211 Q 56 113 Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 461 71 268 98 11

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 1,112 179 738 36 13

 East North Central .......................... 696 633 87 501 Q 7

 West North Central ......................... 571 479 92 238 Q Q

South ................................................ 1,775 1,462 729 566 21 19

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 746 406 234 Q 13

 East South Central .......................... 348 283 103 133 Q Q

 West South Central ......................... 553 433 220 199 N Q

West ................................................. 878 735 261 371 Q 15

 Mountain ......................................... 299 273 65 162 Q Q

 Pacific ............................................. 580 462 196 209 Q 8

Table B28. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Primary Space-Heating Energy Source Used a

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Space 

Heating

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

146
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 1,258 1,999 282 63

Table B28. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Primary Space-Heating Energy Source Used a

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Space 

Heating

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 752 115 448 112 6

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 1,055 196 640 109 27

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 626 142 291 48 13

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1051 433 508 Q 11

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 498 372 112 Q 6

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,080 674 918 190 Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 733 236 404 47 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 536 180 291 24 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 387 101 244 Q 15

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 141 38 87 6 7

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 76 22 39 Q 9

250 or More ...................................... 30 29 8 15 Q 5

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 751 227 333 65 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 1,037 340 506 80 11

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 965 274 541 54 18

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 535 160 304 36 11

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 331 103 171 20 9

Open Continuously ........................... 475 364 154 144 27 9

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,971 1,258 1,998 282 63

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,344 281 1,999 38 24

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 443 51 77 282 4

District Heat ...................................... 67 67 Q Q N 63

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 32 Q 5 Q 23

Propane ............................................ 502 489 78 39 49 Q

Other ................................................ 132 132 Q 29 Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,982 1,258 1,999 282 63

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,469 1,188 1,794 161 52

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,337 999 1,765 226 57

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 764 223 397 68 8

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 111 25 62 Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 148 40 78 10 6

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 N NNNN

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 523 222 192 42 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 498 146 272 41 5

100 ................................................... 2,962 2,962 891 1,534 199 57

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

147
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 1,258 1,999 282 63

Table B28. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Primary Space-Heating Energy Source Used a

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Space 

Heating

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 476 371 85 Q 1

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 278 220 51 Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 166 128 27 N Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 58 42 14 Q Q

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 1,864 296 1,212 145 Q

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 819 305 361 39 4

District Heat ...................................... 65 65 Q Q N 63

Boilers .............................................. 579 579 58 373 121 Q

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 953 427 456 Q 2

Other ................................................ 205 205 60 69 Q Q

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial 

Buildings Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the

CBECS web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings 

comprising 6.9 billion square feet.

a

 Additionally, 308,000 buildings used propane; 72,000 used wood, coal or some other energy source; and no responding 

buildings in the sample used solar as a primary space-heating energy source.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were 

sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

148
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 15,996 32,970 3,818 4,907

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 5,668 1,779 2,672 484 Q

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,786 1,686 3,068 428 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 10,387 3,366 5,807 536 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 8,060 2,264 4,974 300 325

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,718 2,245 5,147 431 516

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,710 2,011 4,489 Q 1,340

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,907 1,380 3,933 Q 1,003

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,792 1,265 2,880 Q 1,352

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,755 2,495 5,191 803 970

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,131 437 568 Q N

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,608 436 957 Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,100 592 1,972 Q 388

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 Q 1,388 Q 331

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,195 491 583 Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,994 2,122 2,040 Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,075 1,199 2,470 Q Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 11,929 3,995 6,046 301 1,448

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,777 672 1,813 Q 547

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,083 Q 537 Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,581 796 2,305 306 Q

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,687 519 2,286 340 Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 8,126 2,257 4,736 Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,691 Q 1,064 Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,491 Q 987 Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,667 355 2,304 564 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 6,236 390 3,580 1,125 1,072

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,534 1,142 3,546 894 661

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 7,510 1,455 4,564 420 783

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 10,223 2,830 6,037 415 557

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 9,808 4,131 4,547 Q 704

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 11,254 3,892 5,933 Q 680

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,796 1,802 2,457 Q Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 12,596 1,253 6,439 3,250 1,205

 New England .................................. 2,964 2,819 Q 1,061 1,161 Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 9,941 9,778 1,127 5,377 2,089 970

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 16,331 2,545 11,321 229 1,531

 East North Central .......................... 11,595 11,223 1,487 8,230 Q 1,319

 West North Central ......................... 5,485 5,108 1,058 3,091 Q Q

South ................................................ 23,489 20,998 9,084 9,299 232 1,614

 South Atlantic ................................. 12,258 11,012 4,968 4,175 Q 1,149

 East South Central .......................... 3,393 3,056 791 1,817 Q Q

 West South Central ......................... 7,837 6,929 3,325 3,308 N Q

West ................................................. 11,310 10,102 3,114 5,911 Q 557

 Mountain ......................................... 3,675 3,525 789 2,277 Q Q

 Pacific ............................................. 7,635 6,577 2,325 3,633 Q 362

Table B29. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Total Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Primary Space-Heating Energy Source Used a

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Space 

Heating

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

149
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 15,996 32,970 3,818 4,907

Table B29. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Total Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Primary Space-Heating Energy Source Used a

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Space 

Heating

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 10,109 1,375 6,515 962 752

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 16,720 2,603 10,640 1,211 1,638

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 11,239 2,210 5,617 1,557 1,231

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 13,965 4,580 7,965 Q 883

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,995 5,228 2,233 Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 12,182 3,385 5,890 987 Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,822 1,736 3,426 328 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,410 2,430 3,833 Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,822 2,602 6,556 Q 611

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,650 1,834 4,614 593 460

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,766 1,692 3,748 Q 975

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,376 2,318 4,903 Q 1,895

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,246 1,424 2,848 302 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 10,928 3,348 5,578 1,006 486

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 14,763 3,940 8,015 708 1,566

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 10,012 2,746 5,801 651 572

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,680 1,266 3,960 359 790

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,399 3,273 6,768 793 1,315

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 59,991 15,996 32,963 3,818 4,907

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 42,974 6,162 32,970 1,588 2,117

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 14,942 3,079 6,258 3,818 1,490

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 5,378 Q Q N 4,907

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 Q 339 Q 2,165

Propane ............................................ 7,076 6,790 1,323 1,947 930 Q

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,399 Q 713 Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 60,028 15,996 32,970 3,818 4,907

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 55,188 15,562 30,808 2,836 4,147

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 55,154 14,429 31,026 3,539 4,095

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 21,725 5,109 12,430 1,892 1,623

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,072 515 1,954 Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,635 3,131 7,077 316 1,817

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 N NNNN

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 6,850 2,890 3,029 565 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 8,107 2,164 4,707 459 574

100 ................................................... 45,071 45,071 10,943 25,233 2,793 4,307

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

150
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 15,996 32,970 3,818 4,907

Table B29. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Total Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Primary Space-Heating Energy Source Used a

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Space 

Heating

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 8,814 4,812 3,430 Q 388

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 5,442 3,056 2,092 Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 2,581 1,343 1,014 N Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 2,691 1,286 1,173 Q Q

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 19,615 3,655 13,476 1,153 Q

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 12,545 3,736 6,907 739 533

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 5,166 Q Q N 4,875

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 20,423 2,115 15,138 2,714 Q

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 18,021 6,767 10,115 Q 466

Other ................................................ 3,262 3,262 1,286 1,275 Q Q

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial 

Buildings Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from 

the CBECS web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings 

comprising 6.9 billion square feet.

a

 Additionally, buildings comprising 1,955 million square feet used propane; buildings comprising 382 million square feet 

used wood, coal or some other energy source; and no responding buildings in the sample used solar as a primary spaceheating energy source.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were 

sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

151
Electricity

Natural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

ElectricityNatural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,625 3,589 17 33 64,783 56,940 54,321 1,018 2,853

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 1,841 1,838 Q Q 6,789 5,007 4,994 Q Q

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 732 727 Q Q 6,585 5,408 5,367 Q Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 629 618 Q Q 11,535 9,922 9,743 Q Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 216 211 Q 6 8,668 7,776 7,557 Q 240

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 118 114 Q 5 9,057 8,331 8,086 Q 332

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 60 55 Q 6 9,064 8,339 7,657 Q 793

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 23 21 Q 2 7,176 6,565 6,112 Q 495

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 6 5 Q 1 5,908 5,591 4,806 Q 822

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 352 339 Q 14 9,874 9,200 8,406 Q 768

Food Sales ....................................... 226 210 208 N N 1,255 1,198 1,183 N N

Food Service ..................................... 297 283 283 Q Q 1,654 1,583 1,570 Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 129 128 0 1 3,163 3,157 2,972 215 297

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 8 0 1 1,905 1,899 1,735 204 279

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 121 121 Q Q 1,258 1,258 1,237 Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 130 129 Q Q 5,096 4,841 4,746 Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 406 405 Q Q 4,317 4,079 4,040 Q Q

Office ................................................ 824 790 781 Q 9 12,208 12,032 11,192 Q 730

Public Assembly ............................... 277 213 210 Q 3 3,939 3,477 3,113 Q 458

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 61 60 Q Q 1,090 1,043 925 Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 308 308 Q Q 3,754 3,301 3,301 Q Q

Service .............................................. 622 370 370 Q N 4,050 3,261 3,261 Q N

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 266 261 Q Q 10,078 7,295 7,196 Q Q

Other ................................................ 79 57 56 Q Q 1,738 1,636 1,577 Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 52 52 N Q 2,567 836 836 N Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 232 230 Q Q 3,769 2,891 2,859 Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 382 379 Q Q 6,871 4,919 4,676 Q Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 430 426 Q 4 7,045 6,045 5,727 Q 359

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 467 458 Q 4 8,101 7,125 6,737 Q 446

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 609 607 Q 5 10,772 9,973 9,715 Q 456

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 577 572 Q 5 10,332 9,836 9,392 Q 531

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 695 685 Q 8 12,360 11,304 10,528 Q 804

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 234 232 Q Q 5,533 4,848 4,687 Q Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 519 512 7 6 12,905 10,954 10,402 353 620

 New England .................................. 233 130 130 Q Q 2,964 2,021 1,946 Q Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 388 382 Q 6 9,941 8,932 8,456 Q 583

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 957 951 Q 4 17,080 14,484 13,781 Q 596

 East North Central .......................... 696 550 544 Q 3 11,595 9,790 9,157 Q 569

 West North Central ......................... 571 408 407 Q Q 5,485 4,694 4,625 Q Q

South ................................................ 1,775 1,479 1,467 Q 14 23,489 21,553 20,623 Q 1,150

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 761 754 Q 9 12,258 11,474 10,969 Q 667

 East South Central .......................... 348 262 260 Q Q 3,393 2,985 2,820 Q Q

 West South Central ......................... 553 456 454 Q 3 7,837 7,094 6,834 Q 284

West ................................................. 878 671 659 Q 9 11,310 9,950 9,515 Q 487

 Mountain ......................................... 299 237 235 Q Q 3,675 3,267 3,186 Q Q

 Pacific ............................................. 580 434 424 Q 6 7,635 6,683 6,328 Q 300

Buildings

with

Cooling

Table B30. Cooling Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may 

apply)

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may 

apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Cooling

All

Buildings*

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

152
Electricity

Natural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

ElectricityNatural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,625 3,589 17 33 64,783 56,940 54,321 1,018 2,853

Buildings

with

Cooling

Table B30. Cooling Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may 

apply)

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may 

apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Cooling

All

Buildings*

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 578 575 Q 3 10,622 8,550 8,205 Q 350

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 882 871 7 4 17,335 14,524 13,843 355 698

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 582 574 Q 7 11,504 10,946 10,319 Q 514

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1003 996 Q 10 15,739 13,977 13,508 Q 659

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 580 573 Q 9 9,584 8,943 8,446 Q 633

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 1,746 1,738 Q Q 15,492 9,591 9,528 Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 725 724 Q Q 6,166 5,726 5,630 Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 523 520 Q Q 7,803 7,304 7,234 Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 386 377 Q 6 10,989 10,566 10,211 Q 327

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 139 132 Q 7 7,934 7,428 6,988 Q 505

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 76 71 Q 6 6,871 6,806 6,377 Q 583

250 or More ...................................... 30 30 27 1 4 9,528 9,519 8,352 373 1,219

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 595 590 Q Q 6,863 3,998 3,954 Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 951 948 Q Q 11,622 10,508 10,328 Q Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 883 869 Q 6 15,723 13,757 13,048 Q 658

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 521 516 Q 6 10,334 9,691 9,274 Q 347

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 338 330 Q 7 7,092 6,708 6,151 Q 604

Open Continuously ........................... 475 338 335 2 4 13,149 12,277 11,567 499 753

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,623 3,589 17 33 63,307 56,925 54,321 1,018 2,853

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,153 2,133 17 17 43,468 41,023 39,286 1,018 1,765

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 298 294 2 3 15,157 13,890 13,036 488 986

District Heat ...................................... 67 55 32 Q 25 5,443 4,653 2,674 Q 2,311

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 33 9 Q 33 2,853 2,853 924 Q 2,853

Propane ............................................ 502 399 399 Q Q 7,076 5,713 5,666 Q Q

Other ................................................ 132 78 72 Q Q 1,401 1,225 1,130 Q Q

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 1,258 1,188 1,186 Q Q 15,996 15,562 15,442 Q Q

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,999 1,794 1,783 16 5 32,970 30,808 30,167 918 339

Fuel Oil ............................................. 282 161 161 Q Q 3,818 2,836 2,813 Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 63 52 30 Q 23 4,907 4,147 2,353 Q 2,165

Propane ............................................ 308 245 244 N Q 1,955 1,553 1,542 N Q

Other ................................................ 72 31 29 N N 382 282 267 N N

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,910 1,708 1,701 Q 9 27,490 26,028 25,459 Q 745

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,445 1,326 1,312 10 14 28,820 27,379 26,280 937 1,023

Fuel Oil ............................................. 94 62 60 Q Q 1,880 1,591 1,569 Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 27 25 15 Q 10 3,088 2,987 1,852 Q 1,205

Propane ............................................ 128 109 109 N Q 1,422 1,252 1,241 N Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

153
Electricity

Natural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

ElectricityNatural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,625 3,589 17 33 64,783 56,940 54,321 1,018 2,853

Buildings

with

Cooling

Table B30. Cooling Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may 

apply)

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may 

apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Cooling

All

Buildings*

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 410 378 374 5 4 13,161 12,695 12,058 460 936

Natural Gas ...................................... 457 444 441 5 3 15,438 15,127 14,299 634 900

Propane ............................................ 108 85 85 N Q 1,460 1,263 1,249 N Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,469 3,434 17 32 60,028 55,188 52,584 1,018 2,734

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,625 3,589 17 33 56,940 56,940 54,321 1,018 2,853

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,112 3,080 15 31 56,478 53,232 50,669 1,007 2,655

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 743 738 7 6 22,237 21,451 20,333 767 1,274

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 92 91 Q Q 3,138 2,655 2,627 Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 144 140 2 5 12,821 12,746 11,541 456 1,272

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 N N N N 7,843 N N N N

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 985 978 Q Q 16,598 16,598 16,465 Q Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 629 625 2 5 13,211 13,211 12,327 360 829

100 ................................................... 2,011 2,011 1,986 11 27 27,132 27,132 25,529 541 1,985

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 1,006 1,005 Q Q 11,035 11,035 10,946 Q Q

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 492 492 8 1 9,041 9,041 9,030 325 251

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 288 287 Q Q 5,426 5,426 5,415 Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 174 174 Q Q 2,606 2,606 2,606 Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 58 58 Q Q 2,940 2,940 2,940 Q Q

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 742 742 Q 2 12,558 12,558 12,558 Q 439

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 33 9 Q 33 2,853 2,853 924 Q 2,853

Central Chillers ................................. 111 111 106 5 Q 11,636 11,636 11,054 782 Q

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 1,613 1,612 4 4 29,969 29,969 29,756 554 511

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 122 122 Q Q 1,561 1,561 1,561 Q Q

Other ................................................ 40 40 30 Q Q 1,232 1,232 1,091 Q Q

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web 

site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

154
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,472 1,910 1,445 94 27 128

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 1,715 1,020 617 41 N 66

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 725 386 307 Q Q 27

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 607 301 285 16 Q 27

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 217 110 114 Q Q Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 119 53 70 Q 5 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 60 27 35 Q 5 Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 23 9 14 Q 2 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 6 3 3Q 1N

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 298 144 149 10 6 15

Food Sales ....................................... 226 186 109 68 Q N Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 297 101 176 Q Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 127 72 56 1 1 Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 1 6 0 1Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 119 70 50 Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 142 142 45 74 14 Q 18

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 314 189 118 Q N Q

Office ................................................ 824 733 443 273 Q 10 Q

Public Assembly ............................... 277 227 128 81 Q 3 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 70 32 24 Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 315 171 139 Q N Q

Service .............................................. 622 418 260 154 Q Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 243 163 85 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 79 55 32 20 Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 47 21 27 N Q N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 266 121 120 Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 367 139 212 15 Q Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 416 212 191 Q Q Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 444 237 177 20 8 24

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 582 333 248 13 3 Q

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 531 347 170 Q 3 23

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 642 373 257 Q Q Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 224 146 70 Q Q Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 600 249 266 84 8 22

 New England .................................. 233 188 92 38 53 Q Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 411 157 229 32 6 Q

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 987 504 469 Q 6 44

 East North Central .......................... 696 572 263 323 Q 3 Q

 West North Central ......................... 571 415 241 146 Q Q Q

South ................................................ 1,775 1,217 841 370 Q 7 35

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 643 491 147 Q Q 19

 East South Central .......................... 348 227 153 72 N Q Q

 West South Central ......................... 553 347 197 151 Q Q Q

West ................................................. 878 668 316 340 Q Q Q

 Mountain ......................................... 299 256 109 140 Q Q Q

 Pacific ............................................. 580 413 207 201 Q Q Q

Table B31. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

155
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,472 1,910 1,445 94 27 128

Table B31. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 683 324 312 41 4 28

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 926 454 440 33 8 29

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 554 314 203 19 7 Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 883 504 377 Q 6 28

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 426 315 113 Q Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 1,653 995 569 46 Q 78

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 675 365 297 Q Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 514 258 238 Q Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 384 183 203 Q 11 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 142 59 83 Q Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 75 35 39 Q 5 Q

250 or More ...................................... 30 30 15 15 1 3 Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 580 347 212 Q Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 856 519 318 Q Q Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 845 504 330 17 Q Q

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 506 252 235 Q 5 Q

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 330 145 171 Q 4 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 475 356 142 178 23 7 27

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,470 1,910 1,445 92 27 128

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,126 757 1,445 19 6 Q

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 376 206 85 94 3 18

District Heat ...................................... 67 61 25 15 Q 27 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 31 9 14 Q 10 Q

Propane ............................................ 502 428 268 27 25 Q 128

Other ................................................ 132 95 58 20 Q Q Q

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 1,258 999 823 184 Q Q 15

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,999 1,765 642 1,190 2 Q Q

Fuel Oil ............................................. 282 226 131 18 79 N Q

District Heat ...................................... 63 57 25 14 Q 25 N

Propane ............................................ 308 252 163 N Q N 92

Other ................................................ 72 38 Q Q Q N Q

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 410 407 219 189 10 2 18

Natural Gas ...................................... 457 451 116 354 14 2 N

Propane ............................................ 108 101 40 Q Q Q 47

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

156
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,472 1,910 1,445 94 27 128

Table B31. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,337 1,815 1,407 87 27 124

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,112 1,708 1,326 62 25 109

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,472 1,910 1,445 94 27 128

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 787 316 426 32 3 59

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 102 63 42 Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 143 69 73 6 5 Q

Water Heating Equipment

Centralized System ........................... 2,513 2,513 1,265 1,103 91 22 98

Distributed System ............................ 785 785 550 240 Q Q Q

Combination of Centralized

 and Distributed System .................... 175 175 94 102 2 3 Q

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

157
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 56,478 27,490 28,820 1,880 3,088 1,422

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 4,759 2,847 1,699 116 N 169

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,348 2,821 2,296 Q Q 205

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 9,562 4,809 4,470 265 Q 430

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 7,734 3,924 4,055 Q Q Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,412 3,659 5,005 Q 303 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,300 3,884 4,754 Q 822 Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,680 2,722 4,076 Q 621 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,683 2,824 2,467 Q 1,064 N

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,481 3,829 5,549 501 535 347

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,130 515 557 Q N Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,654 482 1,127 Q Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,160 1,026 1,926 177 423 Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 280 1,380 162 381 Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,255 746 547 Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 5,096 905 3,676 Q Q 219

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 3,459 2,047 1,470 Q N Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 11,804 7,015 4,713 Q 974 Q

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,632 1,638 1,957 Q 389 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 957 327 486 Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,512 1,825 1,893 Q N Q

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,320 1,841 1,523 Q Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 6,624 4,520 2,672 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,630 990 656 Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,020 530 614 N Q N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,353 1,348 1,942 Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 5,292 1,872 2,857 Q 617 Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 5,924 2,819 3,245 Q 399 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 7,202 2,865 3,953 314 608 314

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 9,787 4,775 5,169 303 453 Q

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 9,420 5,665 3,994 Q 561 174

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 10,816 5,853 5,295 Q Q Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,683 2,294 2,366 Q Q Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 11,789 5,125 5,601 1,542 929 261

 New England .................................. 2,964 2,724 1,439 682 590 Q Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 9,941 9,065 3,686 4,919 952 775 Q

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 14,928 6,477 8,799 Q 749 390

 East North Central .......................... 11,595 10,208 4,086 6,417 Q 588 Q

 West North Central ......................... 5,485 4,720 2,391 2,382 Q Q 362

South ................................................ 23,489 19,913 11,882 8,306 Q 956 537

 South Atlantic ................................. 12,258 10,714 7,033 3,649 Q 730 391

 East South Central .......................... 3,393 2,858 1,581 1,456 N Q Q

 West South Central ......................... 7,837 6,341 3,267 3,201 Q Q Q

West ................................................. 11,310 9,848 4,007 6,114 Q 454 Q

 Mountain ......................................... 3,675 3,422 1,236 2,276 Q Q Q

 Pacific ............................................. 7,635 6,426 2,771 3,838 Q 338 Q

Table B32. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

158
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 56,478 27,490 28,820 1,880 3,088 1,422

Table B32. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 9,474 3,941 5,482 389 582 341

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 15,160 6,525 8,466 481 654 312

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 10,785 5,147 4,892 902 1,073 Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 13,192 6,685 7,068 Q 695 260

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,867 5,192 2,913 Q Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 9,525 5,218 3,869 249 Q 510

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,393 2,864 2,513 Q Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,182 3,532 3,317 Q Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,480 5,002 6,002 Q 484 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,688 3,253 4,713 Q Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,815 2,956 3,842 Q 729 Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,395 4,666 4,564 342 1,347 Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 4,305 2,435 1,918 Q Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 9,989 5,949 4,342 Q Q Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 13,564 7,886 6,100 252 463 Q

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 9,477 4,657 4,793 Q 516 Q

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,635 2,996 3,596 Q 476 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,508 3,568 8,072 875 1,409 335

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 56,463 27,490 28,820 1,865 3,088 1,422

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 41,134 14,880 28,820 1,020 1,427 Q

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 14,560 6,745 6,968 1,880 1,241 389

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 4,631 1,685 939 Q 3,088 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,655 745 1,023 Q 1,205 Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 6,292 3,710 1,593 450 Q 1,422

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,306 645 577 Q Q Q

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 15,996 14,429 11,021 4,038 Q Q 223

Natural Gas ...................................... 32,970 31,026 10,988 22,675 207 Q Q

Fuel Oil ............................................. 3,818 3,539 1,746 911 1,502 N Q

District Heat ...................................... 4,907 4,095 1,541 848 Q 2,694 N

Propane ............................................ 1,955 1,751 1,046 N Q N 814

Other ................................................ 382 314 Q Q Q N Q

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 13,161 13,003 6,222 7,474 490 911 304

Natural Gas ...................................... 15,438 15,296 4,537 11,840 883 834 N

Propane ............................................ 1,460 1,437 398 Q 246 Q 714

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

159
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 56,478 27,490 28,820 1,880 3,088 1,422

Table B32. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 55,154 26,527 28,544 1,797 3,023 1,376

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 53,232 26,028 27,379 1,591 2,987 1,252

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 56,478 27,490 28,820 1,880 3,088 1,422

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 21,914 8,295 13,909 1,265 1,248 796

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 2,987 1,761 1,520 Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,612 5,559 7,123 389 1,443 Q

Water Heating Equipment

Centralized System ........................... 34,671 34,671 14,245 17,917 1,591 2,073 973

Distributed System ............................ 11,540 11,540 7,842 4,435 Q Q Q

Combination of Centralized

 and Distributed System .................... 10,267 10,267 5,404 6,468 248 859 Q

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

160
Electricity

Natural

Gas Propane

ElectricityNatural

Gas Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 801 410 457 108 64,783 22,237 13,161 15,438 1,460

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 354 170 183 63 6,789 997 493 549 165

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 155 82 88 Q 6,585 1,136 621 641 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 127 59 75 Q 11,535 1,954 961 1,115 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 69 40 44 Q 8,668 2,511 1,444 1,623 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 50 33 31 Q 9,057 3,575 2,350 2,237 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 28 15 22 Q 9,064 3,991 2,068 3,011 Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 14 9 11 Q 7,176 4,047 2,583 3,247 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 4 3 3 Q 5,908 4,025 2,641 3,015 Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 125 78 62 11 9,874 6,402 4,240 3,745 455

Food Sales ....................................... 226 84 51 31 Q 1,255 677 395 412 Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 284 129 200 38 1,654 1,611 818 1,280 174

Health Care ....................................... 129 12 8 6 Q 3,163 1,922 1,187 1,616 Q

 Inpatient ......................................... 8 7 4 6 Q 1,905 1,819 1,125 1,572 Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 Q Q Q Q 1,258 Q Q Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 47 28 29 Q 5,096 3,184 1,741 2,660 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 14 4 11 Q 4,317 771 493 641 Q

Office ................................................ 824 23 17 12 N 12,208 3,077 2,041 1,946 N

Public Assembly ............................... 277 73 34 30 Q 3,939 1,506 623 1,133 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 14 Q Q Q 1,090 543 Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 108 51 60 Q 3,754 1,552 810 1,000 Q

Service .............................................. 622 Q Q Q N 4,050 Q Q Q N

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 Q Q Q Q 10,078 Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 79 Q Q Q Q 1,738 Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 Q Q Q Q 2,567 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 71 32 41 Q 3,769 1,362 664 1,042 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 87 40 61 Q 6,871 2,242 946 1,810 Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 119 60 60 Q 7,045 3,156 1,709 1,996 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 92 42 52 Q 8,101 2,669 1,766 1,510 Q

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 112 68 64 13 10,772 3,431 2,233 2,412 214

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 112 65 51 20 10,332 3,677 2,450 2,384 278

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 144 69 90 Q 12,360 3,597 2,127 2,777 Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 65 35 37 Q 5,533 2,104 1,264 1,506 Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 157 57 88 35 12,905 5,016 2,495 3,580 396

 New England .................................. 233 53 14 18 29 2,964 938 537 474 266

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 104 43 70 Q 9,941 4,078 1,958 3,106 Q

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 206 112 123 25 17,080 5,850 3,784 3,965 233

 East North Central .......................... 696 131 73 90 Q 11,595 4,378 2,934 3,052 Q

 West North Central ......................... 571 75 39 33 Q 5,485 1,472 850 913 Q

South ................................................ 1,775 304 176 167 27 23,489 7,881 4,900 5,480 451

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 149 94 73 17 12,258 4,198 2,611 2,741 374

 East South Central .......................... 348 59 32 29 Q 3,393 1,055 665 786 Q

 West South Central ......................... 553 96 50 64 Q 7,837 2,628 1,623 1,953 Q

West ................................................. 878 134 64 79 20 11,310 3,489 1,982 2,412 381

 Mountain ......................................... 299 46 27 21 Q 3,675 1,209 791 796 Q

 Pacific ............................................. 580 88 37 57 Q 7,635 2,280 1,192 1,616 Q

Buildings

with

Cooking

Table B33. Cooking Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Cooking

All

Buildings*

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

161
Electricity

Natural

Gas Propane

ElectricityNatural

Gas Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 801 410 457 108 64,783 22,237 13,161 15,438 1,460

Buildings

with

Cooking

Table B33. Cooking Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Cooking

All

Buildings*

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 145 69 65 40 10,622 3,302 2,123 2,217 354

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 227 125 141 19 17,335 6,369 4,210 4,071 259

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 102 45 65 Q 11,504 4,736 2,235 3,464 Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 210 101 127 19 15,739 4,621 2,472 3,518 387

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 116 70 58 Q 9,584 3,208 2,120 2,167 Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 301 154 131 56 15,492 1,886 887 933 324

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 152 63 97 25 6,166 1,172 567 723 144

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 134 65 88 Q 7,803 2,010 908 1,494 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 115 69 75 Q 10,989 3,829 2,238 2,644 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 53 33 36 Q 7,934 3,699 2,487 2,665 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 31 17 19 Q 6,871 3,515 2,137 2,417 Q

250 or More ...................................... 30 14 9 10 Q 9,528 6,126 3,937 4,562 Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 127 66 57 Q 6,863 1,123 607 608 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 72 45 35 Q 11,622 2,805 1,820 1,567 Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 141 70 87 Q 15,723 4,509 3,036 3,082 Q

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 169 84 101 25 10,334 3,438 1,781 2,048 306

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 174 83 102 29 7,092 3,039 1,924 2,074 224

Open Continuously ........................... 475 117 63 75 12 13,149 7,324 3,993 6,059 467

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 801 410 457 108 63,307 22,237 13,161 15,438 1,460

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 564 261 457 Q 43,468 18,656 10,311 15,438 Q

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 115 52 51 35 15,157 8,987 5,392 6,655 672

District Heat ...................................... 67 9 4 7 Q 5,443 1,926 1,337 1,281 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 6 4 3 Q 2,853 1,274 936 900 Q

Propane ............................................ 502 148 56 12 108 7,076 2,673 1,432 912 1,460

Other ................................................ 132 17 7 5 Q 1,401 599 444 383 Q

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,910 316 219 116 40 27,490 8,295 6,222 4,537 398

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,445 426 189 354 Q 28,820 13,909 7,474 11,840 Q

Fuel Oil ............................................. 94 32 10 14 Q 1,880 1,265 490 883 246

District Heat ...................................... 27 3 2 2 Q 3,088 1,248 911 834 Q

Propane ............................................ 128 59 18 N 47 1,422 796 304 N 714

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

162
Electricity

Natural

Gas Propane

ElectricityNatural

Gas Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 801 410 457 108 64,783 22,237 13,161 15,438 1,460

Buildings

with

Cooking

Table B33. Cooking Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Cooking

All

Buildings*

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 764 392 439 101 60,028 21,725 12,942 15,125 1,335

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 743 378 444 85 56,940 21,451 12,695 15,127 1,263

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 787 407 451 101 56,478 21,914 13,003 15,296 1,437

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 801 410 457 108 22,237 22,237 13,161 15,438 1,460

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 9 Q 3 Q 3,138 623 Q 400 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 58 38 37 Q 12,821 8,028 5,403 6,071 Q

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site 

- http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

163
All

Buildings*Not

Heated

1 to 50

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent 

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All

Buildings*Not

Heated

1 to 50

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 663 523 498 2,962 64,783 4,756 6,850 8,107 45,071

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 452 262 258 1,580 6,789 1,121 738 731 4,198

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 107 112 99 570 6,585 799 889 724 4,173

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 79 107 89 463 11,535 1,148 1,742 1,420 7,225

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 16 22 27 176 8,668 608 842 941 6,278

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 Q 13 13 98 9,057 Q 916 926 6,877

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 Q 5 6 52 9,064 Q 703 779 7,228

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 Q Q 4 19 7,176 Q Q 1,168 5,404

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 Q Q 2 4 5,908 Q Q 1,418 3,688

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 Q Q 27 340 9,874 Q Q 1,017 8,586

Food Sales ....................................... 226 Q Q Q 130 1,255 Q Q Q 791

Food Service ..................................... 297 Q Q 52 211 1,654 Q Q 292 1,113

Health Care ....................................... 129 Q Q 21 97 3,163 Q Q 465 2,569

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 N N 1 7 1,905 N N 325 1,580

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 Q Q Q 90 1,258 Q Q Q 989

Lodging ............................................. 142 Q 12 16 114 5,096 Q 234 605 4,155

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 Q 64 74 270 4,317 Q 657 787 2,631

Office ................................................ 824 22 47 102 653 12,208 279 541 2,222 9,167

Public Assembly ............................... 277 Q 26 34 198 3,939 Q 259 590 2,928

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 Q Q Q 58 1,090 Q Q Q 929

Religious Worship ............................. 370 Q Q 39 295 3,754 Q Q 404 2,897

Service .............................................. 622 107 99 68 348 4,050 364 542 521 2,624

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 280 153 14 149 10,078 1,952 3,320 728 4,077

Other ................................................ 79 Q Q Q 55 1,738 Q Q Q 1,473

Vacant .............................................. 182 113 Q Q 45 2,567 1,077 Q Q 1,132

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 27 48 55 200 3,769 102 635 676 2,356

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 85 60 70 312 6,871 635 819 1,066 4,351

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 69 55 70 368 7,045 511 506 869 5,159

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 55 65 52 407 8,101 591 557 867 6,086

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 83 68 82 497 10,772 549 998 1,248 7,978

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 88 84 73 460 10,332 524 1,054 1,361 7,394

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 157 93 78 549 12,360 1,106 1,370 1,480 8,403

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 98 50 18 168 5,533 737 911 540 3,345

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 54 74 84 514 12,905 309 1,387 1,539 9,671

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 154 117 141 853 17,080 748 1,130 1,727 13,474

South ................................................ 1,775 312 236 168 1,059 23,489 2,491 2,841 2,891 15,266

West ................................................. 878 143 95 105 535 11,310 1,208 1,491 1,950 6,661

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 103 97 95 560 10,622 513 1111 1377 7,620

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 117 104 113 837 17,335 615 1,109 1,735 13,876

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 47 89 81 455 11,504 265 1,325 1,713 8,202

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 225 146 150 754 15,739 1,773 1,845 2,349 9,772

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 171 85 58 355 9,584 1,589 1,460 932 5,602

Table B34. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

164
All

Buildings*Not

Heated

1 to 50

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent 

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All

Buildings*Not

Heated

1 to 50

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 663 523 498 2,962 64,783 4,756 6,850 8,107 45,071

Table B34. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 570 353 292 1,921 25,981 3,237 3,336 2,534 16,875

Two ................................................... 1,031 70 135 111 714 16,270 862 2,027 1,643 11,739

Three ................................................ 339 Q 21 69 228 7,501 Q 749 1,049 5,401

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 Q 13 22 91 10,085 Q 556 1,601 7,587

Ten or More ...................................... 12 Q Q 3 8 4,947 Q Q 1,280 3,470

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 573 352 251 1,477 15,492 3,311 2,406 1,318 8,457

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 46 80 98 555 6,166 344 918 858 4,046

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 27 56 68 412 7,803 394 1,049 843 5,517

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 Q 23 50 313 10,989 Q 1,106 1,240 8,476

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 Q 7 18 115 7,934 Q 641 980 6,028

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 Q Q 7 66 6,871 Q Q 743 5,696

250 or More ...................................... 30 Q Q 5 23 9,528 Q Q 2,123 6,851

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 250 115 81 555 6,863 1,617 842 509 3,895

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 80 140 118 779 11,622 694 1,389 1,091 8,447

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 96 132 120 713 15,723 960 2,055 2,035 10,672

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 57 55 90 389 10,334 323 971 1,797 7,244

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 69 39 38 254 7,092 412 828 681 5,171

Open Continuously ........................... 475 111 41 50 273 13,149 750 765 1,994 9,641

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 97 Q Q 39 2,161 940 Q Q 943

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q Q Q Q 406 Q Q Q Q

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 116 74 62 296 12,382 891 1,367 2,307 7,817

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 434 435 425 2,620 49,834 2,788 5,185 5,740 36,122

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 432 520 498 2,953 63,307 3,315 6,829 8,107 45,055

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 47 231 317 1,796 43,468 494 4,006 5,965 33,002

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 Q 62 56 325 15,157 Q 1,253 2,480 11,209

District Heat ...................................... 67 Q Q 5 60 5,443 Q Q 636 4,716

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q 3 28 2,853 Q Q 342 2,328

Propane ............................................ 502 Q 88 58 342 7,076 Q 1,178 1,009 4,602

Other ................................................ 132 Q Q Q 104 1,401 Q Q Q 1,142

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,766 N 275 229 1,261 28,600 N 4,077 4,355 20,168

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,165 N 214 294 1,658 36,959 N 3,685 5,077 28,197

Fuel Oil ............................................. 360 N 57 48 254 5,988 N 772 846 4,370

District Heat ...................................... 65 N Q 5 59 5,198 N Q 631 4,541

Propane ............................................ 372 N 64 41 266 3,204 N 587 344 2,272

Other ................................................ 113 N Q Q 89 842 N Q Q 679

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

165
All

Buildings*Not

Heated

1 to 50

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent 

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All

Buildings*Not

Heated

1 to 50

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 663 523 498 2,962 64,783 4,756 6,850 8,107 45,071

Table B34. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 1,258 N 222 146 891 15,996 N 2,890 2,164 10,943

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,999 N 192 272 1,534 32,970 N 3,029 4,707 25,233

Fuel Oil ............................................. 282 N 42 41 199 3,818 N 565 459 2,793

District Heat ...................................... 63 N Q 5 57 4,907 N Q 574 4,307

Propane ............................................ 308 N 54 33 221 1,955 N 280 203 1,473

Other ................................................ 72 N Q N 60 382 N Q N 322

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 N 523 498 2,962 60,028 N 6,850 8,107 45,071

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 156 425 448 2,596 56,940 1,752 6,013 7,768 41,407

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 135 368 427 2,542 56,478 1,324 5,404 7,683 42,067

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 37 44 99 620 22,237 511 711 3,215 17,799

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 Q 24 Q 76 3,138 Q 812 Q 1,763

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 Q 10 14 123 12,821 Q 576 2,102 9,957

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 507 97 49 366 7,843 3,004 836 339 3,664

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 51 373 93 469 16,598 745 5,201 1,906 8,746

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 30 17 322 260 13,211 322 300 5,399 7,189

100 ................................................... 2,011 76 35 33 1,867 27,132 684 512 463 25,472

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 47 Q Q N Q 293 Q Q N Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 929 133 247 83 466 10,203 909 2,916 1,046 5,333

51 to 99 ............................................. 1,108 73 87 263 685 18,288 640 1,248 4,132 12,267

100 ................................................... 2,176 143 157 137 1,739 32,789 1,214 2,343 2,863 26,370

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 386 276 Q Q 68 3,210 1,767 Q Q 1,068

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 N 37 61 378 8,814 N 670 1,497 6,647

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 N 19 33 226 5,442 N 393 825 4,224

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 N Q 22 127 2,581 N Q 426 1,877

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 N Q 12 46 2,691 N Q 587 2,086

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 N 240 241 1,383 19,615 N 2,852 2,597 14,165

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 N 178 114 527 12,545 N 2,055 1,943 8,547

District Heat ...................................... 65 N Q 5 58 5,166 N Q 631 4,509

Boilers .............................................. 579 N 30 77 472 20,423 N 792 3,110 16,521

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 N 109 138 706 18,021 N 2,390 2,546 13,085

Other ................................................ 205 N 29 22 153 3,262 N 279 476 2,507

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 25 27 55 358 19,597 489 1,004 3,035 15,070

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 Q 31 80 386 21,108 Q 942 3,420 16,466

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 90 234 332 1,925 51,163 1,351 4,542 6,910 38,359

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 Q 9 33 203 15,630 Q 541 2,502 12,414

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

166
All

Buildings*Not

Heated

1 to 50

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent 

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All

Buildings*Not

Heated

1 to 50

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 663 523 498 2,962 64,783 4,756 6,850 8,107 45,071

Table B34. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 N 382 362 2,135 42,722 N 4,451 5,917 32,353

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 111 324 352 1,974 43,205 1,228 4,350 6,118 31,508

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 288 437 418 2,542 46,987 2,189 5,541 5,939 33,319

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 58 186 164 1,095 19,397 759 2,244 2,118 14,277

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to 

the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

167
All

Buildings*Not

Cooled

1 to 50

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent 

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

All

Buildings*Not

Cooled

1 to 50

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 1,020 985 629 2,011 64,783 7,843 16,598 13,211 27,132

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 710 407 279 1,155 6,789 1,782 1,206 781 3,021

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 157 226 133 374 6,585 1,177 1,704 995 2,710

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 109 225 126 277 11,535 1,612 3,517 2,034 4,372

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 25 64 43 109 8,668 893 2,369 1,479 3,928

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 11 41 25 52 9,057 726 2,926 1,751 3,654

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 5 14 14 32 9,064 725 1,984 1,954 4,402

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 Q 6 7 10 7,176 Q 1,822 2,057 2,685

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 Q Q 2 3 5,908 Q Q 2,159 2,360

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 34 49 46 257 9,874 673 1,993 2,228 4,980

Food Sales ....................................... 226 Q 38 69 104 1,255 Q 252 508 438

Food Service ..................................... 297 Q 38 56 189 1,654 Q 276 359 948

Health Care ....................................... 129 Q Q 26 95 3,163 Q Q 893 2,148

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 Q Q 2 6 1,905 Q Q 605 1,229

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 N Q 25 89 1,258 N Q 288 919

Lodging ............................................. 142 Q 23 24 83 5,096 Q Q 1,361 2,790

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 37 115 86 205 4,317 238 1,048 1,091 1,940

Office ................................................ 824 34 97 143 549 12,208 176 1,093 3,508 7,432

Public Assembly ............................... 277 64 39 45 128 3,939 462 649 1,140 1,688

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 Q 26 13 21 1,090 Q 184 221 638

Religious Worship ............................. 370 62 54 55 199 3,754 453 626 696 1,979

Service .............................................. 622 252 231 44 95 4,050 789 2,151 435 675

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 330 213 Q 43 10,078 2,783 6,314 Q 652

Other ................................................ 79 Q 31 4 22 1,738 Q 685 368 584

Vacant .............................................. 182 130 23 Q Q 2,567 1,731 523 Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 98 95 50 87 3,769 878 1,320 728 842

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 146 107 79 196 6,871 1,952 1,990 1,445 1,484

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 132 125 81 224 7,045 999 2,083 1,490 2,473

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 112 131 64 272 8,101 976 2,202 1,734 3,189

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 121 146 133 331 10,772 799 2,751 2,112 5,110

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 129 151 90 335 10,332 496 2,061 2,324 5,450

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 181 165 97 433 12,360 1,056 3,000 2,421 5,883

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 100 65 35 133 5,533 686 1,190 956 2,701

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 208 184 97 237 12,905 1,952 4,270 3,101 3,582

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 309 293 197 467 17,080 2,596 4,757 3,761 5,966

South ................................................ 1,775 296 366 195 918 23,489 1,936 4,915 3,903 12,735

West ................................................. 878 208 142 140 388 11,310 1,359 2,656 2,446 4,849

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 277 207 118 253 10,622 2,072 3,133 2,327 3,089

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 290 245 184 453 17,335 2,810 4,657 3,568 6,300

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 91 195 92 295 11,504 558 3,422 3,297 4,227

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 273 215 162 626 15,739 1,762 3,480 2,803 7,693

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 88 123 74 384 9,584 641 1,906 1,215 5,822

Table B35. Percent of Floorspace Cooled, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

168
All

Buildings*Not

Cooled

1 to 50

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent 

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

All

Buildings*Not

Cooled

1 to 50

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 1,020 985 629 2,011 64,783 7,843 16,598 13,211 27,132

Table B35. Percent of Floorspace Cooled, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 795 607 361 1,372 25,981 4,562 7,975 3,508 9,936

Two ................................................... 1,031 167 249 161 453 16,270 1,726 4,806 3,068 6,670

Three ................................................ 339 49 92 72 126 7,501 1,064 1,626 1,629 3,182

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 8 37 30 53 10,085 411 1,917 2,927 4,829

Ten or More ...................................... 12 Q Q 5 6 4,947 Q Q 2,078 2,515

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 907 555 259 932 15,492 5,901 3,819 1,438 4,334

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 53 176 122 428 6,166 440 2,046 1,077 2,603

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 40 130 103 289 7,803 499 2,999 1,347 2,958

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 12 82 98 206 10,989 423 3,361 2,629 4,576

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 8 31 22 86 7,934 506 2,034 1,585 3,810

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 Q 9 16 50 6,871 Q 1,152 1,696 3,958

250 or More ...................................... 30 Q 2 8 19 9,528 Q 1,188 3,439 4,893

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 407 143 82 371 6,863 2,865 1,207 658 2,132

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 166 273 140 538 11,622 1,114 3,136 2,222 5,150

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 179 283 149 450 15,723 1,966 4,598 2,973 6,186

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 70 136 114 272 10,334 643 3,192 2,448 4,051

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 62 79 73 186 7,092 383 2,328 1,354 3,027

Open Continuously ........................... 475 137 71 71 195 13,149 872 2,137 3,555 6,585

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 117 Q Q Q 2,161 1,577 Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q Q Q Q 406 Q Q Q Q

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 153 129 65 201 12,382 1,298 2,795 3,145 5,144

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 736 832 557 1,789 49,834 4,814 13,280 9,992 21,747

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 780 983 629 2,011 63,307 6,381 16,583 13,211 27,132

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 238 601 402 1,150 43,468 2,444 12,132 9,732 19,159

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 152 120 57 121 15,157 1,267 3,384 4,493 6,013

District Heat ...................................... 67 Q 9 9 37 5,443 Q 370 1,626 2,657

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 N Q 5 27 2,853 N Q 829 1,985

Propane ............................................ 502 103 149 67 184 7,076 1,363 2,620 1,119 1,974

Other ................................................ 132 54 37 19 22 1,401 176 503 304 418

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 3,589 N 978 625 1,986 54,321 N 16,465 12,327 25,529

Natural Gas ...................................... 17 N Q 2 11 1,018 N Q 360 541

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 N Q 5 27 2,853 N Q 829 1,985

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 513 934 599 1,936 60,028 4,839 15,852 12,888 26,448

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 N 985 629 2,011 56,940 N 16,598 13,211 27,132

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 360 810 560 1,742 56,478 3,246 14,671 12,741 25,819

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 58 129 154 460 22,237 786 3,593 6,608 11,250

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 Q 59 10 23 3,138 Q 1,695 524 437

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 Q 30 34 80 12,821 Q 1,839 4,225 6,683

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

169
All

Buildings*Not

Cooled

1 to 50

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent 

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

All

Buildings*Not

Cooled

1 to 50

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 1,020 985 629 2,011 64,783 7,843 16,598 13,211 27,132

Table B35. Percent of Floorspace Cooled, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 507 51 30 76 4,756 3,004 745 322 684

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 97 373 17 35 6,850 836 5,201 300 512

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 49 93 322 33 8,107 339 1,906 5,399 463

100 ................................................... 2,962 366 469 260 1,867 45,071 3,664 8,746 7,189 25,472

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 47 Q Q N Q 293 Q Q N Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 929 231 378 89 231 10,203 1,668 4,053 1,755 2,727

51 to 99 ............................................. 1,108 132 210 304 462 18,288 1,156 3,820 6,366 6,947

100 ................................................... 2,176 286 374 228 1,289 32,789 2,229 8,311 5,055 17,194

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 386 330 Q Q Q 3,210 2,552 Q Q Q

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 N 284 182 540 11,035 N 4,453 2,332 4,250

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 N 76 82 335 9,041 N 1,573 2,334 5,134

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 N 43 43 202 5,426 N 808 1,346 3,272

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 N 32 34 108 2,606 N 623 655 1,329

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 N Q 15 41 2,940 N Q 895 1,728

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 N 349 119 274 12,558 N 5,424 3,170 3,964

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 N Q 5 27 2,853 N Q 829 1,985

Central Chillers ................................. 111 N 9 31 72 11,636 N 462 4,304 6,870

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 N 348 313 952 29,969 N 8,900 7,331 13,738

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 N 36 43 43 1,561 N 489 522 550

Other ................................................ 40 N Q Q 22 1,232 N Q 261 766

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 16 72 84 294 19,597 342 2,863 5,549 10,843

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 N 78 128 303 21,108 N 3,062 6,716 11,331

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 253 547 419 1,362 51,163 3,228 12,648 11,627 23,660

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 5 27 53 167 15,630 272 1,823 4,934 8,601

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 366 698 432 1,382 42,722 2,857 11,363 9,666 18,835

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 N 788 474 1,499 43,205 N 12,888 10,297 20,020

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 563 866 530 1,727 46,987 4,399 13,673 9,368 19,548

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 136 421 204 743 19,397 1,648 6,258 3,372 8,119

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to 

the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

170
All

Buildings*

Not

Lit a

1 to 50

Percent

Lit

51 to 99

Percent 

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All

Buildings*

Not

Lit a

1 to 50

Percent

Lit

51 to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 432 929 1,108 2,176 64,783 3,503 10,203 18,288 32,789

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 304 524 540 1,184 6,789 777 1,372 1,482 3,158

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 77 149 220 444 6,585 558 1,124 1,671 3,233

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 28 184 203 323 11,535 373 2,810 3,179 5,173

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 12 47 80 102 8,668 454 1,705 2,807 3,702

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 Q 16 37 69 9,057 Q 1,146 2,570 4,903

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 Q 7 18 37 9,064 Q 1,025 2,442 5,187

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 Q Q 8 14 7,176 Q Q 2,389 3,985

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 Q Q 2 4 5,908 Q Q 1,748 3,448

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 Q 28 107 248 9,874 Q 332 4,202 5,299

Food Sales ....................................... 226 Q Q 45 142 1,255 Q Q 317 812

Food Service ..................................... 297 Q 43 61 192 1,654 Q 276 362 1,004

Health Care ....................................... 129 N Q 45 72 3,163 N Q 1,230 1,841

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 N Q 3 5 1,905 N Q 817 1,060

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 N Q 42 67 1,258 N Q 414 781

Lodging ............................................. 142 N 56 33 53 5,096 N 1,298 1,524 2,274

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 Q 63 126 254 4,317 Q 471 1,226 2,618

Office ................................................ 824 N 144 274 406 12,208 N 1,088 4,585 6,535

Public Assembly ............................... 277 Q 74 76 114 3,939 Q 1,266 977 1,675

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 Q 26 16 24 1,090 Q 137 242 691

Religious Worship ............................. 370 N 106 122 143 3,754 N 1,676 1,053 1,025

Service .............................................. 622 43 149 113 316 4,050 145 617 825 2,463

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 187 165 65 180 10,078 990 2,410 1,328 5,351

Other ................................................ 79 Q Q 23 33 1,738 Q Q 417 1,201

Vacant .............................................. 182 169 Q N N 2,567 2,237 Q N N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 30 117 81 102 3,769 241 1,264 1,132 1,132

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 57 113 124 233 6,871 557 1,417 1,731 3,166

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 50 125 134 253 7,045 410 1,295 2,026 3,313

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 36 131 133 279 8,101 383 1,456 2,437 3,824

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 45 106 199 380 10,772 524 1,117 3,487 5,645

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 61 131 167 348 10,332 309 1,193 3,077 5,752

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 96 159 192 429 12,360 610 1,653 3,074 7,024

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 57 47 77 153 5,533 469 808 1,324 2,933

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 42 187 170 327 12,905 505 2,750 3,599 6,051

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 145 279 355 488 17,080 1,247 2,753 5,299 7,781

South ................................................ 1,775 201 281 357 936 23,489 1,293 3,189 6,134 12,874

West ................................................. 878 44 182 227 425 11,310 458 1,512 3,256 6,083

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 102 178 229 346 10,622 637 1,956 3,666 4,362

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 85 278 319 491 17,335 1,085 2,667 4,929 8,654

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 43 158 160 311 11,504 315 2,132 3,133 5,924

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 129 217 250 680 15,739 889 2,066 3,804 8,979

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 72 98 150 348 9,584 576 1,382 2,756 4,870

Table B36. Percent of Floorspace Lit When Open, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

171
All

Buildings*

Not

Lit a

1 to 50

Percent

Lit

51 to 99

Percent 

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All

Buildings*

Not

Lit a

1 to 50

Percent

Lit

51 to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 432 929 1,108 2,176 64,783 3,503 10,203 18,288 32,789

Table B36. Percent of Floorspace Lit When Open, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 361 533 656 1,585 25,981 1,985 3,655 5,594 14,747

Two ................................................... 1,031 53 264 283 431 16,270 826 3,394 4,633 7,415

Three ................................................ 339 Q 103 117 104 7,501 Q 1,561 2,505 3,107

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 Q 28 47 51 10,085 Q 1,179 3,721 4,822

Ten or More ...................................... 12 N Q 4 6 4,947 N Q 1,835 2,697

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 426 726 497 1,003 15,492 3,412 4,560 2,585 4,935

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 Q 114 231 429 6,166 Q 1,741 1,651 2,751

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 Q 56 165 341 7,803 Q 1,512 2,155 4,124

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 Q 27 128 242 10,989 Q 1,235 3,297 6,427

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 Q 5 49 92 7,934 Q 678 2,915 4,314

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 N Q 26 50 6,871 N Q 2,337 4,453

250 or More ...................................... 30 N Q 10 19 9,528 N Q 3,348 5,784

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 279 199 198 325 6,863 2,696 1,257 1,177 1,734

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 Q 240 293 561 11,622 Q 2,233 3,401 5,881

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 Q 216 282 549 15,723 Q 2,697 4,614 8,296

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 Q 88 164 328 10,334 Q 1,082 3,468 5,762

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 Q 58 86 226 7,092 Q 706 2,000 4,192

Open Continuously ........................... 475 76 127 85 187 13,149 368 2,228 3,629 6,924

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 157 N N N 2,161 2,161 N N N

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q Q N N 406 Q Q N N

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 69 145 137 197 12,382 321 2,146 4,399 5,516

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 194 771 971 1,980 49,834 945 7,727 13,889 27,273

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 190 929 1,108 2,176 63,307 2,026 10,203 18,288 32,789

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 63 473 669 1,187 43,468 1,140 6,486 13,050 22,792

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 Q 109 127 205 15,157 Q 2,124 5,298 7,605

District Heat ...................................... 67 Q 16 14 37 5,443 Q 313 1,896 3,106

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q 10 21 2,853 Q Q 1,128 1,541

Propane ............................................ 502 Q 126 126 238 7,076 Q 1,167 1,964 3,735

Other ................................................ 132 Q Q 37 64 1,401 Q Q 530 667

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 118 796 1,035 2,033 60,028 1,510 9,295 17,648 31,575

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 61 698 976 1,890 56,940 713 8,535 17,132 30,559

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 72 689 948 1,764 56,478 932 8,621 17,130 29,795

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 Q 138 231 425 22,237 Q 2,817 7,918 11,367

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 Q 16 35 67 3,138 Q 574 957 1,566

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 Q 19 55 75 12,821 Q 877 4,895 6,941

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 314 133 73 143 4,756 1,993 909 640 1,214

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 31 247 87 157 6,850 343 2,916 1,248 2,343

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 Q 83 263 137 8,107 Q 1,046 4,132 2,863

100 ................................................... 2,962 71 466 685 1,739 45,071 1,102 5,333 12,267 26,370

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

172
All

Buildings*

Not

Lit a

1 to 50

Percent

Lit

51 to 99

Percent 

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All

Buildings*

Not

Lit a

1 to 50

Percent

Lit

51 to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 432 929 1,108 2,176 64,783 3,503 10,203 18,288 32,789

Table B36. Percent of Floorspace Lit When Open, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 371 231 132 286 7,843 2,790 1,668 1,156 2,229

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 24 378 210 374 16,598 414 4,053 3,820 8,311

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 Q 89 304 228 13,211 Q 1,755 6,366 5,055

100 ................................................... 2,011 29 231 462 1,289 27,132 264 2,727 6,947 17,194

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 1,964 132 483 442 907 17,385 1,147 3,954 3,842 8,442

1 to 50 .............................................. 1,882 32 299 564 987 30,948 777 3,871 10,447 15,853

51 to 100 ........................................... 136 Q Q 18 96 2,093 Q Q 370 1,570

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 664 265 127 85 187 14,357 1,576 2,228 3,629 6,924

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 2,184 Q 506 673 990 38,528 Q 6,483 12,947 18,667

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 3,943 28 814 1,053 2,048 59,688 714 9,412 17,816 31,745

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 941 Q 202 290 445 27,571 Q 3,456 9,855 14,115

High Intensity Discharge ................... 455 Q 61 147 238 20,643 Q 1,947 7,153 11,234

Halogen ............................................ 565 Q 99 174 286 17,703 Q 2,425 6,112 9,110

Other ................................................ 8 N Q Q Q 269 N Q Q Q

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 75 455 648 1,023 38,910 752 5,918 12,356 19,884

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 28 227 375 694 29,887 883 3,412 9,365 16,227

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 Q 74 79 146 8,544 Q 915 2,766 4,735

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ...................................... 1,233 40 217 351 625 17,242 275 2,143 5,599 9,224

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 Q 69 104 143 12,546 Q 1,452 4,360 6,612

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 Q 21 24 28 2,868 Q 347 930 1,562

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 Q 159 294 464 26,118 Q 2,945 8,622 14,233

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 14 493 732 1,337 46,882 481 6,236 14,735 25,429

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 For Lighting ...................................... 60 N Q 14 44 4,781 N Q 1,650 2,884

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

b

Heating ............................................. 2,878 79 571 771 1,457 42,722 1,034 6,656 12,937 22,095

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 43 535 749 1,434 43,205 545 6,621 13,352 22,687

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 N 749 1,007 1,930 46,987 N 7,465 14,401 25,121

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 Q 319 372 798 19,397 Q 3,496 5,299 10,336

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

173
All

Buildings*

Not

Lit a

1 to 50

Percent

Lit

51 to 99

Percent 

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All

Buildings*

Not

Lit a

1 to 50

Percent

Lit

51 to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 432 929 1,108 2,176 64,783 3,503 10,203 18,288 32,789

Table B36. Percent of Floorspace Lit When Open, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

a

 "Not Lit" includes buildings that were zero percent lit when open, buildings that were never open, and buildings that did not use any electricity. b The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to 

the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

174
Total 

Floorspace a

Heated

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Cooled

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Lit 

Floorspace b

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 53,473 56,940 41,788 62,060 51,342

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 5,668 4,988 5,007 4,017 6,038 4,826

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,786 5,010 5,408 3,978 6,090 4,974

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 10,387 8,865 9,922 6,927 11,229 8,618

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 8,060 7,260 7,776 5,663 8,297 6,544

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,718 7,815 8,331 5,665 8,912 7,548

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,710 8,012 8,339 6,462 8,732 7,470

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,907 6,458 6,565 4,702 6,946 6,158

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,792 5,065 5,591 4,375 5,816 5,204

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,755 9,521 9,200 7,211 9,870 8,983

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,131 998 1,198 911 1,237 1,129

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,608 1,415 1,583 1,325 1,650 1,391

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,100 2,982 3,157 2,934 3,163 2,937

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 1,846 1,899 1,763 1,905 1,788

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,195 1,137 1,258 1,171 1,258 1,149

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,994 4,719 4,841 4,082 5,096 3,901

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,075 3,451 4,079 3,147 4,315 3,795

Office ................................................ 12,208 11,929 11,184 12,032 10,721 12,208 10,846

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,777 3,463 3,477 2,791 3,917 2,807

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,083 1,043 1,043 884 1,074 940

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,581 3,344 3,301 2,733 3,754 2,419

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,687 3,202 3,261 1,504 3,911 3,348

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 8,126 5,341 7,295 2,074 9,125 7,136

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,691 1,585 1,636 1,075 1,721 1,582

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,491 1,226 836 396 1020 129

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,667 3,069 2,891 1,774 3,554 2,448

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 6,236 5,546 4,919 3,097 6,367 5,127

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,534 5,972 6,045 4,109 6,727 5,331

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 7,510 6,991 7,125 5,137 7,972 6,371

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 10,223 9,261 9,973 7,467 10,381 8,960

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 9,808 8,750 9,836 7,859 10,087 8,688

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 11,254 9,876 11,304 8,568 11,828 10,119

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,796 4,008 4,848 3,777 5,144 4,298

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 12,596 11,393 10,954 7,080 12,559 9,957

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 16,331 15,191 14,484 10,103 16,246 13,044

South ................................................ 23,489 20,998 18,226 21,553 17,175 22,325 19,043

West ................................................. 11,310 10,102 8,663 9,950 7,429 10,930 9,299

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 10,109 9,095 8,550 5,654 10,108 7,999

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 16,720 15,635 14,524 10,287 16,676 13,715

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 11,239 9,961 10,946 7,760 11,228 9,235

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 13,965 12,120 13,977 10,810 14,947 12,821

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,995 6,661 8,943 7,278 9,102 7,572

Table B37. Heated, Cooled, and Lit Buildings, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Heated Buildings Cooled Buildings Lit Buildings c

Total 

Floorspace

in All 

Buildings*

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

175
Total 

Floorspace a

Heated

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Cooled

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Lit 

Floorspace b

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 53,473 56,940 41,788 62,060 51,342

Table B37. Heated, Cooled, and Lit Buildings, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Heated Buildings Cooled Buildings Lit Buildings c

Total 

Floorspace

in All 

Buildings*

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 22,744 19,672 21,419 14,604 24,288 20,535

Two ................................................... 16,270 15,408 13,614 14,544 10,315 15,752 12,377

Three ................................................ 7,501 7,198 6,477 6,437 4,841 7,242 5,705

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 9,744 9,115 9,673 7,685 9,831 8,300

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 4,933 4,595 4,867 4,343 4,947 4,425

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 12,182 10,134 9,591 6,482 12,835 8,434

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,822 4,977 5,726 3,991 6,143 4,622

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,410 6,455 7,304 4,709 7,791 6,400

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,822 9,727 10,566 7,410 10,959 9,559

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,650 7,055 7,428 5,565 7,934 7,015

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,766 6,361 6,806 5,627 6,871 6,497

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,376 8,765 9,519 8,004 9,528 8,815

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,246 4,505 3,998 3,000 4,922 3,149

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 10,928 9,706 10,508 7,649 11,515 9,402

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 14,763 12,900 13,757 9,687 15,625 12,909

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 10,012 8,917 9,691 6,780 10,312 9,037

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,680 5,944 6,708 4,592 6,906 6,143

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,399 11,502 12,277 10,081 12,781 10,703

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 1,222 1,016 585 286 676 36

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 QQQQQQ

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 11,491 10,179 11,084 8,430 12,062 9,884

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 47,046 42,069 45,019 32,962 48,978 41,330

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 59,991 53,450 56,925 41,787 62,060 51,342

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 42,974 38,973 41,023 29,979 42,950 35,822

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 14,942 13,695 13,890 10,538 15,037 12,744

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 5,378 5,259 4,653 4,100 5,319 4,818

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 2,630 2,853 2,682 2,819 2,518

Propane ............................................ 7,076 6,790 5,768 5,713 3,373 6,990 5,718

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,399 1,296 1,225 783 1,370 1,158

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 28,600 28,600 24,717 27,509 20,877 28,358 23,659

Natural Gas ...................................... 36,959 36,959 33,306 34,725 24,924 36,482 30,599

Fuel Oil ............................................. 5,988 5,988 5,346 4,804 2,839 5,954 4,561

District Heat ...................................... 5,198 5,198 5,079 4,408 3,894 5,074 4,589

Propane ............................................ 3,204 3,204 2,779 2,499 1,672 3,143 2,443

Other ................................................ 842 842 756 667 347 811 698

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 15,996 15,996 13,314 15,562 12,446 15,887 13,338

Natural Gas ...................................... 32,970 32,970 29,900 30,808 21,977 32,500 27,190

Fuel Oil ............................................. 3,818 3,818 3,384 2,836 1,425 3,800 2,717

District Heat ...................................... 4,907 4,907 4,805 4,147 3,683 4,783 4,305

Propane ............................................ 1,955 1,955 1,721 1,553 1,027 1,894 1,516

Other ................................................ 382 382 349 282 135 351 313

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

176
Total 

Floorspace a

Heated

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Cooled

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Lit 

Floorspace b

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 53,473 56,940 41,788 62,060 51,342

Table B37. Heated, Cooled, and Lit Buildings, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Heated Buildings Cooled Buildings Lit Buildings c

Total 

Floorspace

in All 

Buildings*

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 54,321 52,584 46,884 54,321 39,413 54,056 45,376

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,018 1,018 958 1,018 904 1,018 882

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 2,630 2,853 2,682 2,819 2,518

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 60,028 53,473 55,188 40,694 59,215 49,379

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 55,188 49,335 56,940 41,788 56,661 47,647

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 55,154 49,850 53,232 39,678 56,011 46,938

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 21,725 20,737 21,451 17,514 22,166 18,993

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,072 2,451 2,655 1,206 3,097 2,537

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ...................................... 12,821 12,635 11,902 12,746 10,689 12,745 11,468

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 N N 1,752 1,095 2,845 1,963

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 6,850 1,844 6,013 1,958 6,665 4,279

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 8,107 6,558 7,768 5,216 8,064 6,590

100 ................................................... 45,071 45,071 45,071 41,407 33,519 44,486 38,510

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 7,843 4,839 4,138 N N 5,400 3,695

1 to 50 .............................................. 16,598 15,852 11,652 16,598 3,957 16,479 12,756

51 to 99 ............................................. 13,211 12,888 11,704 13,211 10,699 13,197 10,948

100 ................................................... 27,132 26,448 25,978 27,132 27,132 26,984 23,943

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 293 QQQQQQ

1 to 50 .............................................. 10,203 9,295 6,974 8,535 5,094 10,203 3,454

51 to 99 ............................................. 18,288 17,648 16,043 17,132 13,144 18,288 15,056

100 ................................................... 32,789 31,575 29,245 30,559 23,192 32,789 32,789

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 3,210 1,443 1,172 658 323 754 43

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 17,385 15,724 13,502 13,741 9,332 16,238 12,794

1 to 50 .............................................. 30,948 29,929 26,641 28,899 20,816 30,948 25,794

51 to 100 ........................................... 2,093 1,939 1,805 2,008 1,559 2,093 2,051

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 14,357 12,436 11,525 12,292 10,082 12,781 10,703

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 8,814 8,030 8,780 7,334 8,791 7,742

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 5,442 4,994 5,430 4,638 5,419 4,859

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 2,581 2,288 2,559 1,959 2,581 2,242

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 2,691 2,572 2,691 2,410 2,691 2,346

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 19,615 17,143 17,494 11,616 19,373 15,496

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 12,545 10,714 11,526 7,689 12,380 9,869

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 5,166 5,047 4,376 3,862 5,042 4,559

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 20,423 19,351 19,051 14,256 20,201 17,076

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 18,021 15,675 17,745 13,374 17,831 15,311

Other ................................................ 3,262 3,262 2,939 2,961 2,050 3,213 2,792

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

177
Total 

Floorspace a

Heated

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Cooled

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Lit 

Floorspace b

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 53,473 56,940 41,788 62,060 51,342

Table B37. Heated, Cooled, and Lit Buildings, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Heated Buildings Cooled Buildings Lit Buildings c

Total 

Floorspace

in All 

Buildings*

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 10,617 9,180 11,035 7,204 10,960 8,820

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 8,921 8,119 9,041 7,402 9,024 7,951

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 5,407 4,955 5,426 4,589 5,410 4,810

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 2,559 2,305 2,606 2,008 2,606 2,278

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 2,887 2,702 2,940 2,496 2,940 2,599

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 12,167 10,791 12,558 7,516 12,483 9,656

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 2,630 2,853 2,682 2,819 2,518

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 11,440 11,008 11,636 10,637 11,630 10,490

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 29,007 26,093 29,969 21,903 29,862 25,304

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 1,451 1,324 1,561 1,104 1,553 1,348

Other ................................................ 1,232 1,203 1,103 1,232 1,025 1,217 1,094

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 16,403 14,365 15,190 10,741 16,150 13,014

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 20,633 18,501 20,995 14,869 20,907 16,996

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 38,528 37,220 34,075 36,075 27,809 38,528 31,489

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 59,688 57,351 51,219 55,117 40,412 59,688 49,691

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 27,571 26,835 24,856 26,790 21,266 27,571 23,610

High Intensity Discharge ................... 20,643 20,093 17,940 19,054 13,107 20,643 17,913

Halogen ............................................ 17,703 17,042 15,387 17,115 13,358 17,703 14,999

Other ................................................ 269 Q Q 269 256 269 244

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 19,108 17,874 19,255 16,191 19,419 17,205

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 20,828 19,603 21,108 17,656 21,030 18,732

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 49,812 45,250 47,935 36,163 50,732 43,125

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 15,457 14,644 15,358 13,119 15,544 14,225

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 38,065 34,478 36,420 27,363 38,424 32,135

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 28,570 25,611 27,941 21,645 29,365 25,280

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 8,403 7,621 8,349 6,716 8,425 7,372

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 16,556 14,809 16,380 12,179 17,087 14,640

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 12,217 10,979 12,126 8,539 12,486 10,799

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 2,728 2,541 2,819 2,280 2,868 2,444

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 25,389 23,288 24,724 18,587 26,118 22,443

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 45,351 40,872 43,881 32,693 46,882 39,880

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 For Lighting ...................................... 4,781 4,729 4,424 4,755 4,132 4,781 4,390

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

178
Total 

Floorspace a

Heated

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Cooled

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Lit 

Floorspace b

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 53,473 56,940 41,788 62,060 51,342

Table B37. Heated, Cooled, and Lit Buildings, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Heated Buildings Cooled Buildings Lit Buildings c

Total 

Floorspace

in All 

Buildings*

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

d

Heating ............................................. 42,722 42,722 38,310 39,864 29,378 42,305 35,145

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 41,977 37,643 43,205 31,409 42,977 35,950

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 44,799 39,632 42,589 30,335 46,987 39,386

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 18,638 16,582 17,749 12,294 19,349 15,788

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings 

comprising 6.9 billion square feet.

a

 "Total Floorspace" refers to all floorspace in heated, cooled, or lit buildings, including the floorspace that was not heated, cooled, or 

lit.

b

 "Heated Floorspace," "Cooled Floorspace," and "Lit Floorspace" refer only to the portion of the floorspace in these buildings that was 

reported to be heated, cooled, or lit.

c Data in "Lit Buildings" are for buildings lit when open or closed. The definition for these columns has changed since the original table 

release, when they excluded buildings that were lit when closed but not lit when open.

d The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See

Description of Detailed Tables for explanation of the differences (web address given below).

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

179
Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 476 1,864 819 65 579 953 205

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,100 258 1,039 415 Q 162 423 121

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 782 63 391 170 Q 105 214 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 659 86 307 142 18 138 170 28

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 225 33 76 49 9 78 69 13

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 123 21 30 25 8 49 47 6

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 62 9 15 12 9 31 20 Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 24 5 5 5 4 13 7 2

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 6 1 1 1 2 3 2 Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 382 66 111 67 25 84 99 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 226 188 Q 77 Q N Q 46 Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 282 26 125 28 Q 36 103 Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 124 22 61 21 1 22 28 Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 Q Q 1 1 6 3 Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 116 19 58 19 Q 16 25 Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 142 25 31 57 Q 42 31 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 408 42 227 75 Q 30 97 Q

Office ................................................ 824 802 113 362 157 16 123 214 33

Public Assembly ............................... 277 258 24 120 46 6 48 56 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 70 Q 41 Q Q 13 16 Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 359 54 193 71 Q 73 63 Q

Service .............................................. 622 515 29 288 131 Q 49 96 60

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 316 32 156 98 Q 25 68 Q

Other ................................................ 79 67 Q 35 17 Q 16 20 Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 69 Q 36 Q Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 302 Q 151 65 Q 105 25 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 442 31 235 72 12 103 63 Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 493 44 259 120 13 98 79 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 524 50 242 114 13 82 106 24

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 648 82 330 130 6 65 176 40

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 618 102 252 119 4 43 209 40

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 719 120 299 152 8 56 226 35

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 236 39 96 47 Q 27 70 15

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 672 47 310 122 17 227 95 22

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 1,112 45 736 242 13 175 151 80

South ................................................ 1,775 1,462 304 467 271 20 88 532 56

West ................................................. 878 735 80 352 185 15 89 175 47

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 752 28 474 172 6 178 90 60

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 1,055 68 615 215 27 198 147 54

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 626 81 297 149 13 112 122 Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1,051 213 368 220 12 64 356 45

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 498 86 110 64 7 27 238 22

Table B38. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All 

Buildings*

Heated 

Buildings

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

180
Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 476 1,864 819 65 579 953 205

Table B38. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All 

Buildings*

Heated 

Buildings

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 2,566 334 1,193 550 14 190 682 140

Two ................................................... 1,031 960 97 487 174 19 194 207 50

Three ................................................ 339 319 31 155 68 10 119 41 Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 125 11 28 25 19 69 20 4

Ten or More ...................................... 12 12 3 Q 2 3 6 3 1

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,080 236 1,013 470 Q 216 366 125

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 733 89 399 120 Q 88 186 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 536 64 244 102 Q 81 165 28

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 387 42 152 86 16 94 137 19

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 141 23 40 22 7 51 58 5

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 76 16 12 14 9 34 33 Q

250 or More ...................................... 30 29 5 4 5 5 15 9 3

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 751 89 375 161 Q 72 132 40

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 1,037 131 506 236 12 145 227 55

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 965 102 481 197 18 141 226 48

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 535 67 255 84 11 93 132 25

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 331 31 122 48 9 49 129 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 475 364 55 125 93 10 79 107 24

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 3,169 2,835 281 1,434 563 Q 405 696 153

College or University ......................... 83 80 10 Q 6 29 26 6 Q

Primary or Secondary School ........... 254 243 47 68 59 Q 31 67 Q

Office Complex ................................. 111 101 21 31 17 Q 16 31 Q

Retail Complex ................................. 151 110 Q 51 34 N Q 19 Q

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 195 186 33 73 28 Q 42 42 Q

Health Care Complex ........................ 39 36 7 14 4 Q 10 10 Q

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 61 58 9 Q 23 Q 7 16 Q

Government Complex ....................... 87 70 Q 28 15 4 14 21 Q

Other ................................................ 496 262 45 137 69 Q 23 44 18

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 953 95 471 217 18 221 206 37

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 246 29 135 61 2 62 59 Q

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 22 Q Q Q Q 8 Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 699 79 344 156 10 171 159 23

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 348 33 161 70 9 96 82 Q

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 395 29 204 106 7 106 84 Q

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 427 48 214 97 9 126 100 10

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 425 44 198 97 15 124 101 12

 Window Replacement .................... 310 295 26 145 89 6 91 55 Q

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 300 26 151 72 8 85 69 Q

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 217 15 128 45 3 48 40 Q

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 19 Q Q Q Q 9 Q N

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 1,455 119 746 284 33 232 242 78

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 1,573 261 647 318 14 126 504 89

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

181
Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 476 1,864 819 65 579 953 205

Table B38. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All 

Buildings*

Heated 

Buildings

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,971 476 1,860 819 65 579 953 198

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,344 152 1,314 429 24 432 586 85

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 443 21 211 94 4 178 54 40

District Heat ...................................... 67 67 2 Q 5 65 Q 3 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 32 Q Q Q 24 5 5 Q

Propane ............................................ 502 489 44 259 162 Q 55 101 44

Other ................................................ 132 132 Q 73 46 Q 24 17 48

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,766 1,766 466 554 604 6 161 572 116

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,165 2,165 124 1,273 399 4 397 529 80

Fuel Oil ............................................. 360 360 6 188 79 Q 144 17 36

District Heat ...................................... 65 65 2 Q 4 65 Q 3 Q

Propane ............................................ 372 372 28 212 122 Q 30 79 40

Other ................................................ 113 113 Q 65 40 N 18 Q 47

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 1,258 1,258 371 296 305 Q 58 427 60

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,999 1,999 85 1,212 361 Q 373 456 69

Fuel Oil ............................................. 282 282 Q 145 39 N 121 Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 63 63 1 Q 4 63 Q 2 Q

Propane ............................................ 308 308 Q 176 89 Q Q 63 Q

Other ................................................ 72 72 Q Q Q N Q Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,982 476 1,864 819 65 579 953 205

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,469 469 1,581 685 53 485 932 154

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,337 397 1,585 657 59 546 828 172

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 764 92 314 131 9 184 241 30

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 111 9 57 39 Q 26 29 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 148 26 55 38 6 62 50 8

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 N N N N N N N N

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 523 37 240 178 Q 30 109 29

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 498 61 241 114 5 77 138 22

100 ................................................... 2,962 2,962 378 1,383 527 58 472 706 153

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 476 476 71 56 2 33 52 16

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 278 278 38 26 Q 18 36 Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 166 166 30 28 Q 9 17 Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 58 58 9 9 Q 13 14 Q

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 1,864 71 1,864 334 Q 87 100 47

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 819 56 334 819 4 87 127 32

District Heat ...................................... 65 65 2 Q 4 65 Q 3 Q

Boilers .............................................. 579 579 33 87 87 Q 579 61 Q

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 953 52 100 127 3 61 953 19

Other ................................................ 205 205 16 47 32 Q Q 19 205

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

182
Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 476 1,864 819 65 579 953 205

Table B38. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All 

Buildings*

Heated 

Buildings

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 963 36 675 171 Q 127 184 29

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 481 448 85 57 2 39 51 16

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 287 263 48 27 Q 22 37 Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 163 154 34 28 Q 10 14 Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 58 57 9 9 Q 14 14 Q

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 718 41 302 321 12 169 102 47

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 32 Q Q Q 24 5 5 Q

Central Chillers ................................. 111 106 11 9 12 14 73 20 10

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 1,539 68 689 255 7 207 738 55

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 103 Q 65 36 Q 22 16 Q

Other ................................................ 40 39 Q Q Q Q 9 Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 1,197 145 602 268 Q 179 288 49

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 1,315 156 642 288 13 249 299 50

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 441 51 167 78 25 110 142 20

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 497 68 155 83 21 133 186 25

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 2,491 334 1,167 375 59 468 650 104

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 245 52 43 39 17 72 85 17

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 2,878 336 1,385 648 30 396 695 143

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 2,650 343 1,221 571 28 369 719 111

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 3,397 402 1,649 685 49 481 800 156

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 1,445 184 707 284 22 211 361 70

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to 

the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

183
Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 8,814 19,615 12,545 5,166 20,423 18,021 3,262

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 5,668 685 2,902 1,047 Q 461 1,159 330

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,786 462 2,891 1,282 Q 773 1,599 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 10,387 1,400 4,653 2,129 289 2,164 2,765 456

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 8,060 1,150 2,761 1,748 325 2,829 2,449 419

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,718 1,524 2,086 1,819 549 3,497 3,328 450

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,710 1,245 1,974 1,625 1,365 4,283 2,797 Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,907 1,295 1,456 1,313 1,010 3,844 2,156 514

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,792 1,053 891 1,582 1,528 2,573 1,769 Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,755 1,787 1,855 1,500 1,106 5,171 2,596 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,131 Q 567 Q N Q 422 Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,608 168 675 186 Q 328 591 Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,100 641 786 600 410 1,857 942 Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 424 386 409 353 1,477 672 Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,195 217 400 191 Q 380 270 Q

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,994 1,183 1,065 1,462 Q 2,773 1,356 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,075 444 2,049 667 Q 383 1,397 Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 11,929 1,795 2,405 2,186 1,526 4,117 3,754 970

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,777 409 1,028 677 530 1,421 879 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,083 Q 260 Q Q 437 328 Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,581 577 1,945 875 Q 1,148 733 Q

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,687 457 1,974 1,010 Q 791 957 393

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 8,126 913 3,757 2,457 Q 1,031 3,118 Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,691 Q 700 311 Q 546 498 Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,491 Q 550 Q Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,667 Q 1,350 782 Q 1,926 390 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 6,236 622 2,085 1,427 1,203 2,744 979 Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,534 848 2,475 1,442 661 3,081 1,422 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 7,510 827 2,346 1,469 786 2,957 1,993 242

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 10,223 1,378 3,612 2,393 573 3,339 3,443 779

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 9,808 2,018 2,418 1,799 780 2,803 3,816 641

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 11,254 1,974 3,971 2,433 691 2,257 4,067 814

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,796 999 1,359 800 Q 1,316 1,911 401

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 12,596 1,213 3,596 2,786 1,245 6,228 2,912 579

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 16,331 1,058 7,229 4,169 1,623 6,141 3,666 820

South ................................................ 23,489 20,998 4,942 5,715 3,608 1,683 4,393 8,130 1,381

West ................................................. 11,310 10,102 1,600 3,075 1,981 615 3,662 3,312 481

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 10,109 727 4,587 3,014 801 4,060 2,126 816

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 16,720 1,471 6,411 3,582 1,749 6,835 3,708 674

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 11,239 1,971 2,648 2,524 1,266 4,693 3,204 497

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 13,965 3,283 4,313 2,569 918 3,334 5,619 525

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,995 1,361 1,658 856 432 1,500 3,365 750

Table B39. Heating Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Heated 

Buildings

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

184
Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 8,814 19,615 12,545 5,166 20,423 18,021 3,262

Table B39. Heating Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Heated 

Buildings

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 22,744 3,440 9,476 4,914 Q 3,267 8,267 1,236

Two ................................................... 16,270 15,408 2,146 6,368 2,908 501 5,116 4,671 874

Three ................................................ 7,501 7,198 1,139 2,231 1,709 385 3,856 1,822 Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 9,744 1,146 1,054 2,087 2,350 5,793 1,987 426

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 4,933 943 Q 927 1,298 2,391 1,273 502

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 12,182 1,196 5,347 2,782 Q 1,986 2,269 544

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,822 647 3,043 938 Q 1,140 1,571 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,410 932 3,057 1,542 Q 1,884 2,209 394

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,822 1,460 3,814 2,364 653 3,588 3,526 799

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,650 1,398 1,899 1,628 460 3,556 2,835 372

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,766 1,513 1,290 1,300 972 3,401 2,736 Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,376 1,668 1,165 1,991 2,063 4,869 2,874 808

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,246 550 2,374 1,106 Q 1,023 1,058 239

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 10,928 1,623 3,978 2,013 493 3,381 3,119 479

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 14,763 1,910 4,950 3,172 1,576 4,113 4,185 949

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 10,012 1,545 3,426 1,810 760 3,491 2,806 804

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,680 818 1,989 1,476 773 1,974 2,690 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,399 2,367 2,899 2,969 1,384 6,441 4,163 449

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 40,048 37,438 4,995 14,226 7,979 1,144 11,924 12,056 1,874

College or University ......................... 3,480 3,456 324 Q 279 1,977 1,175 440 Q

Primary or Secondary School ........... 3,947 3,910 911 818 637 Q 1,691 1,168 Q

Office Complex ................................. 2,712 2,665 455 212 626 Q 1,055 992 Q

Retail Complex ................................. 1,238 941 Q 422 271 N Q 280 Q

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 2,347 2,245 320 731 302 Q 988 406 Q

Health Care Complex ........................ 2,303 2,231 543 489 413 409 1,551 655 Q

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 912 830 251 Q 380 Q 356 302 Q

Government Complex ....................... 2,014 1,987 Q 319 273 Q 610 463 Q

Other ................................................ 5,783 4,325 696 2,019 1,384 Q 1,024 1,259 568

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 17,844 17,204 2,367 5,768 4,345 1,644 8,140 5,138 548

 Addition or Annex ........................... 6,551 6,439 1,187 2,481 1,627 435 3,417 1,982 Q

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 1,012 1,012 Q Q Q Q 698 Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 13,119 12,739 1,687 4,128 3,186 1,169 6,277 3,773 346

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 8,070 7,919 1,141 2,258 2,080 833 4,224 2,478 Q

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 8,518 8,385 1,144 2,539 2,330 1,007 4,470 2,668 Q

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 10,768 10,634 1,765 3,438 2,925 1,262 5,534 3,539 361

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 10,275 10,049 1,441 2,892 2,563 1,283 5,421 3,036 288

 Window Replacement .................... 6,354 6,157 788 1,973 1,680 686 3,361 1,763 Q

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 7,144 6,988 1,042 2,063 1,891 924 3,891 2,293 Q

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 4,015 3,974 516 1,664 1,192 351 1,735 1,526 Q

 Other Renovation ........................... 523 497 Q Q Q Q 302 Q N

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 18,714 16,967 1,456 6,100 3,167 1,862 5,907 3,089 859

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 28,225 25,857 4,991 7,747 5,032 1,660 6,376 9,794 1,856

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

185
Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 8,814 19,615 12,545 5,166 20,423 18,021 3,262

Table B39. Heating Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Heated 

Buildings

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 59,991 8,814 19,604 12,540 5,166 20,423 18,021 3,242

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 42,974 5,552 15,304 8,969 2,291 18,174 13,618 1,801

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 14,942 2,417 3,330 3,236 1,592 8,930 3,862 1,095

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 5,378 413 Q 605 5,166 Q 589 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 Q Q Q 2,231 391 370 Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 6,790 944 2,831 1,968 Q 1,949 1,983 599

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,399 Q 617 448 Q 613 296 405

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 28,600 28,600 8,688 8,653 9,838 1,088 7,766 11,947 2,139

Natural Gas ...................................... 36,959 36,959 4,643 14,562 7,947 486 16,417 12,283 1,524

Fuel Oil ............................................. 5,988 5,988 295 1,827 1,438 Q 4,355 593 265

District Heat ...................................... 5,198 5,198 413 Q 560 5,166 Q 528 Q

Propane ............................................ 3,204 3,204 516 1,946 1,178 Q 761 833 443

Other ................................................ 842 842 Q 435 317 N 286 Q 384

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 15,996 15,996 4,812 3,655 3,736 Q 2,115 6,767 1,286

Natural Gas ...................................... 32,970 32,970 3,430 13,476 6,907 Q 15,138 10,115 1,275

Fuel Oil ............................................. 3,818 3,818 Q 1,153 739 N 2,714 Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 4,907 4,907 388 Q 533 4,875 Q 466 Q

Propane ............................................ 1,955 1,955 Q 1,140 522 Q Q 469 Q

Other ................................................ 382 382 Q Q Q N Q Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 60,028 8,814 19,615 12,545 5,166 20,423 18,021 3,262

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 55,188 8,780 17,494 11,526 4,376 19,051 17,745 2,961

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 55,154 8,390 17,920 11,659 4,354 19,904 16,821 3,031

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 21,725 4,202 5,351 4,804 1,747 11,586 7,112 868

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,072 293 1,486 1,087 Q 1,145 1,087 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,635 2,580 2,377 2,750 1,953 6,863 4,166 915

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 N N N N N N N N

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 6,850 670 2,852 2,055 Q 792 2,390 279

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 8,107 1,497 2,597 1,943 631 3,110 2,546 476

100 ................................................... 45,071 45,071 6,647 14,165 8,547 4,509 16,521 13,085 2,507

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 8,814 8,814 2,117 1,861 413 2,787 3,069 358

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 5,442 5,442 1,125 1,114 Q 1,699 2,236 Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 2,581 2,581 774 872 Q 622 717 Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 2,691 2,691 592 594 Q 1,227 1,376 Q

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 19,615 2,117 19,615 4,858 Q 2,986 3,483 883

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 12,545 1,861 4,858 12,545 543 3,830 3,900 373

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 5,166 413 Q 543 5,166 Q 512 Q

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 20,423 2,787 2,986 3,830 Q 20,423 3,910 Q

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 18,021 3,069 3,483 3,900 512 3,910 18,021 482

Other ................................................ 3,262 3,262 358 883 373 Q Q 482 3,262

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

186
Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 8,814 19,615 12,545 5,166 20,423 18,021 3,262

Table B39. Heating Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Heated 

Buildings

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 10,617 1,356 6,251 2,933 Q 3,352 2,812 495

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 8,921 8,366 2,111 1,774 404 2,919 3,065 381

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 5,407 5,174 1,128 1,054 Q 1,694 2,147 Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 2,559 2,452 761 840 Q 650 711 Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 2,887 2,610 596 568 Q 1,336 1,453 Q

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 12,167 2,049 4,077 4,558 758 5,926 3,722 579

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 Q Q Q 2,231 391 370 Q

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 11,440 1,992 1,352 2,175 1,737 7,857 2,703 979

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 29,007 3,446 9,995 6,288 1,023 9,946 14,747 1,255

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 1,451 Q 718 611 Q 620 347 Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 1,203 Q Q Q Q 596 Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 16,403 2,455 6,420 4,563 Q 5,746 5,315 730

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 20,633 3,375 6,935 4,979 917 9,022 6,277 912

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 19,108 2,747 3,619 3,962 2,886 9,385 5,938 1,192

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 20,828 3,558 3,846 4,517 2,873 10,246 7,804 1,274

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 49,812 7,769 15,148 9,459 4,956 18,923 15,677 2,579

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 15,457 2,897 2,092 2,973 2,662 7,451 5,128 1,124

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 42,722 6,388 14,172 9,211 3,047 14,636 12,799 2,411

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 41,977 6,693 13,252 8,795 3,273 14,480 13,342 2,336

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 44,799 6,227 15,787 8,942 3,568 13,430 12,979 2,563

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 18,638 2,508 7,119 3,604 1,313 5,788 4,887 990

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to 

the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

187
ResidentialType 

Central 

Air 

ConditionersHeat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District 

Chilled 

Water

Central 

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,625 1,006 492 742 33 111 1,613 122 40

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 1,841 581 260 383 Q Q 678 58 Q

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 732 207 78 134 Q Q 367 26 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 629 140 87 114 Q 26 332 26 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 216 47 33 62 6 19 119 Q Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 118 19 20 27 5 24 67 Q Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 60 8 8 16 6 17 32 Q Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 23 4 4 4 2 10 13 Q Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 6 1 1 1 1 3 3 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 352 59 63 87 14 36 139 Q Q

Food Sales ....................................... 226 210 36 Q Q N N 107 Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 283 69 30 33 Q Q 176 Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 129 47 22 8 1 8 57 Q Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 1 Q 3 1 4 5 Q Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 121 46 19 Q Q 4 52 N N

Lodging ............................................. 142 130 23 25 71 Q 11 39 Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 406 95 50 82 Q Q 200 Q Q

Office ................................................ 824 790 273 107 107 9 29 339 Q 15

Public Assembly ............................... 277 213 63 27 40 3 6 96 Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 61 Q Q 20 Q Q 27 Q N

Religious Worship ............................. 370 308 102 57 74 Q Q 138 Q Q

Service .............................................. 622 370 97 33 116 N Q 136 Q N

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 266 91 28 48 Q Q 113 Q Q

Other ................................................ 79 57 Q Q Q Q 4 27 Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 52 Q Q Q Q Q 18 Q N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 232 83 Q 82 Q 4 81 Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 382 135 36 109 Q 8 147 Q Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 430 115 48 124 4 11 180 Q Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 467 112 50 130 4 22 201 Q Q

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 609 157 77 121 5 24 294 35 Q

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 577 165 105 90 5 19 251 18 Q

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 695 184 122 72 8 16 334 19 Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 234 55 46 14 Q 8 125 Q Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 519 144 59 179 6 10 202 Q Q

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 957 363 49 209 4 29 425 Q 10

South ................................................ 1,775 1,479 360 303 229 14 50 681 Q 12

West ................................................. 878 671 138 81 125 9 22 304 113 Q

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 578 192 30 139 3 16 261 30 Q

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 882 241 81 226 4 27 374 Q 13

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 582 191 88 142 7 21 224 Q Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1,003 225 205 156 10 22 488 40 Q

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 580 158 89 79 9 25 266 Q Q

Table B40. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Cooling Equipment (more than one may apply)

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All 

Buildings*

Cooled 

Buildings

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

188
ResidentialType 

Central 

Air 

ConditionersHeat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District 

Chilled 

Water

Central 

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,625 1,006 492 742 33 111 1,613 122 40

Table B40. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Cooling Equipment (more than one may apply)

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All 

Buildings*

Cooled 

Buildings

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 2,340 623 344 418 10 24 1,061 73 Q

Two ................................................... 1,031 864 264 103 185 6 30 384 38 16

Three ................................................ 339 290 96 32 88 4 24 119 Q Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 120 22 10 48 11 25 44 Q Q

Ten or More ...................................... 12 12 1 3 3 1 7 5 Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 1,746 508 257 428 Q Q 619 64 Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 725 240 89 110 Q Q 345 Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 523 146 57 93 Q 10 274 Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 386 81 47 68 6 29 223 21 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 139 19 22 25 7 20 92 Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 76 9 15 14 6 22 44 Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 30 30 2 5 4 4 14 16 Q 1

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 595 198 104 125 Q 7 206 Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 951 283 128 209 Q 21 384 24 Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 883 262 107 169 6 33 395 29 Q

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 521 136 68 90 6 18 248 Q Q

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 338 56 28 46 7 9 222 Q Q

Open Continuously ........................... 475 338 70 58 103 4 23 158 15 Q

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 3,169 2,595 773 299 511 Q 50 1,207 85 18

College or University ......................... 83 73 Q 11 11 15 20 12 Q Q

Primary or Secondary School ........... 254 218 22 46 53 Q 18 87 Q Q

Office Complex ................................. 111 104 32 21 Q Q 3 43 Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 151 92 Q Q Q N Q 42 Q Q

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 195 171 50 35 39 Q Q 78 Q Q

Health Care Complex ........................ 39 39 12 7 6 1 6 20 Q Q

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 61 58 Q 9 26 Q Q 14 Q Q

Government Complex ....................... 87 62 Q Q 17 Q 5 27 Q Q

Other ................................................ 496 214 58 39 45 Q 2 84 Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

189
ResidentialType 

Central 

Air 

ConditionersHeat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District 

Chilled 

Water

Central 

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,625 1,006 492 742 33 111 1,613 122 40

Table B40. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Cooling Equipment (more than one may apply)

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All 

Buildings*

Cooled 

Buildings

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 872 243 107 236 7 40 399 35 8

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 242 79 34 75 2 12 117 Q Q

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 22 Q Q Q Q 2 12 Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 644 172 81 170 5 29 321 22 6

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 309 84 37 84 2 14 145 Q Q

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 362 96 36 97 4 20 176 Q Q

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 405 116 56 98 4 28 206 16 Q

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 396 109 49 103 6 24 196 17 Q

 Window Replacement .................... 310 259 78 30 85 Q 11 123 Q Q

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 271 74 31 81 2 12 124 Q Q

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 187 68 19 50 Q 7 67 Q Q

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 17 Q Q Q N Q Q Q N

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 1,248 359 113 331 11 29 504 46 Q

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 1,506 404 273 175 14 42 710 41 16

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,623 1,006 492 742 33 111 1,613 122 37

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,153 652 176 392 17 78 1,116 78 16

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 298 82 21 132 3 27 116 10 6

District Heat ...................................... 67 55 Q 2 13 25 15 8 Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 33 Q 1 2 33 Q 4 Q Q

Propane ............................................ 502 399 118 39 139 Q 7 149 28 Q

Other ................................................ 132 78 16 Q 24 Q Q 32 Q Q

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 3,589 3,589 1,005 492 742 9 106 1,612 122 30

Natural Gas ...................................... 17 17 Q 8 Q Q 5 4 Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 33 Q 1 2 33 Q 4 Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,469 963 481 718 32 106 1,539 103 39

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,625 1,006 492 742 33 111 1,613 122 40

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,112 868 406 631 31 109 1,430 115 33

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 743 172 103 166 6 41 417 41 8

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 92 26 12 19 Q Q 45 Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 144 41 24 33 5 30 76 5 4

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 N N N N N N N N N

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 985 284 76 349 Q 9 348 36 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 629 182 82 119 5 31 313 43 Q

100 ................................................... 2,011 2,011 540 335 274 27 72 952 43 22

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

190
ResidentialType 

Central 

Air 

ConditionersHeat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District 

Chilled 

Water

Central 

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,625 1,006 492 742 33 111 1,613 122 40

Table B40. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Cooling Equipment (more than one may apply)

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All 

Buildings*

Cooled 

Buildings

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 469 36 448 41 Q 11 68 Q Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 275 15 263 23 Q 6 50 Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 163 25 154 18 Q 3 16 Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 58 6 57 10 Q 5 14 Q Q

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 1,581 675 85 302 Q 9 689 65 Q

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 685 171 57 321 Q 12 255 36 Q

District Heat ...................................... 65 53 Q 2 12 24 14 7 Q Q

Boilers .............................................. 579 485 127 39 169 5 73 207 22 9

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 932 184 51 102 5 20 738 16 Q

Other ................................................ 205 154 29 16 47 Q 10 55 Q Q

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 1,006 1,006 31 99 Q 9 64 12 Q

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 492 31 492 39 1 13 61 Q Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 288 11 288 21 Q 7 43 Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 174 24 174 18 Q 4 15 Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 58 6 58 9 Q 5 14 Q Q

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 742 99 39 742 2 16 153 21 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 33 Q 1 2 33 Q 4 Q Q

Central Chillers ................................. 111 111 9 13 16 Q 111 22 Q Q

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 1,613 64 61 153 4 22 1,613 34 8

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 122 12 Q 21 Q Q 34 122 Q

Other ................................................ 40 40 Q Q Q Q Q 8 Q 40

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 1,054 314 145 241 Q 28 475 25 Q

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 1,356 386 158 373 Q 36 573 54 Q

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 2,184 1,875 580 239 455 17 73 827 61 20

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 3,943 3,408 942 460 694 29 107 1,540 120 37

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 941 864 227 127 188 17 66 423 29 10

High Intensity Discharge ................... 455 400 105 68 85 10 33 202 17 5

Halogen ............................................ 565 504 139 85 112 4 34 263 22 10

Other ................................................ 8 8 Q Q Q Q Q Q N N

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 450 101 56 47 20 56 245 18 10

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 508 82 72 50 18 62 326 33 5

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 2,328 625 338 368 32 104 1,157 91 26

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 248 31 51 29 17 51 117 Q 5

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

191
ResidentialType 

Central 

Air 

ConditionersHeat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District 

Chilled 

Water

Central 

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,625 1,006 492 742 33 111 1,613 122 40

Table B40. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Cooling Equipment (more than one may apply)

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All 

Buildings*

Cooled 

Buildings

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 2,512 692 346 515 18 70 1,135 79 22

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 2,761 760 359 596 20 73 1,241 98 18

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 3,122 891 412 606 25 81 1,390 103 27

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 1,367 432 181 272 11 35 582 27 Q

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to the 

Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

192
ResidentialType 

Central 

Air 

ConditionersHeat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District 

Chilled 

Water

Central 

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 56,940 11,035 9,041 12,558 2,853 11,636 29,969 1,561 1,232

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 5,007 1,568 675 972 Q Q 1,957 179 Q

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,408 1,523 563 1,012 Q Q 2,741 207 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 9,922 2,173 1,441 1,740 Q 456 5,260 378 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 7,776 1,683 1,155 2,301 240 729 4,264 Q Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,331 1,388 1,440 1,958 332 1,722 4,732 Q Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,339 993 1,158 2,259 793 2,366 4,504 Q Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,565 1,136 1,273 1,223 495 3,023 3,834 Q Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,591 569 1,334 1,095 822 3,278 2,678 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,200 1,263 1,674 2,607 768 2,714 4,318 Q Q

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,198 173 Q Q N N 784 Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,583 468 217 234 Q Q 988 Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,157 704 625 694 297 1,524 1,694 Q Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,899 321 412 607 279 1,348 1,108 Q Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,258 384 213 Q Q 176 585 N N

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,841 1,102 1,172 2,306 Q 1,401 2,003 Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,079 624 471 564 Q Q 2,723 Q Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 12,032 1,669 1,854 1,201 730 3,839 6,171 Q 439

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,477 532 473 951 458 423 1,684 Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,043 Q Q 372 Q Q 438 Q N

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,301 946 612 847 Q Q 1,849 Q Q

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,261 1,071 496 802 N Q 1,466 Q N

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 7,295 1,861 981 1,440 Q Q 4,453 Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,636 Q Q Q Q 505 881 Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 836 Q Q Q Q Q 517 Q N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 2,891 722 Q 1,278 Q 392 1,198 Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 4,919 1,573 653 1,534 Q 1,063 2,847 Q Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,045 1,175 888 2,594 359 891 3,023 Q Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 7,125 1,421 794 1,888 446 1,776 3,596 Q Q

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 9,973 1,961 1,392 2,065 456 2,323 5,400 483 Q

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 9,836 1,397 2,055 1,342 531 2,801 4,855 324 Q

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 11,304 2,066 2,038 1,366 804 1,426 6,264 252 Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,848 720 1,064 492 Q 963 2,787 Q Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 10,954 2,391 1,270 3,687 620 1,852 6,000 Q Q

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 14,484 3,609 1,063 3,488 596 2,842 8,086 Q 330

South ................................................ 23,489 21,553 3,854 4,923 3,635 1,150 4,854 10,401 Q 430

West ................................................. 11,310 9,950 1,181 1,785 1,749 487 2,088 5,482 1,342 Q

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 8,550 1,971 739 2,321 350 1,604 4,565 515 Q

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 14,524 3,078 1,542 3,633 698 2,658 7,740 468 336

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 10,946 2,207 1,998 2,786 514 2,473 6,076 Q Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 13,977 2,056 3,398 2,565 659 2,695 7,703 346 Q

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 8,943 1,723 1,365 1,253 633 2,205 3,884 Q Q

Table B41. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Cooled 

Buildings

Cooling Equipment (more than one may apply)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

193
ResidentialType 

Central 

Air 

ConditionersHeat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District 

Chilled 

Water

Central 

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 56,940 11,035 9,041 12,558 2,853 11,636 29,969 1,561 1,232

Table B41. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Cooled 

Buildings

Cooling Equipment (more than one may apply)

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 21,419 4,674 3,598 3,899 259 864 12,208 733 Q

Two ................................................... 16,270 14,544 3,178 2,160 3,035 302 2,017 8,436 474 330

Three ................................................ 7,501 6,437 1,190 1,118 2,004 262 1,433 3,189 Q Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 9,673 1,656 1,122 2,735 1,458 3,874 4,208 Q Q

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 4,867 338 1,043 885 571 3,447 1,927 Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 9,591 2,630 1,303 2,342 Q Q 3,964 349 Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,726 1,461 696 1,144 Q Q 3,025 Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,304 2,035 862 1,608 Q 294 4,059 Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,566 2,129 1,485 2,680 327 1,243 5,941 410 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,428 1,097 1,339 1,710 505 1,736 4,517 Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,806 776 1,427 1,328 583 2,436 3,939 Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,519 906 1,929 1,746 1,219 5,590 4,524 Q 250

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 3,998 1,046 639 854 Q 267 1,758 Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 10,508 2,414 1,542 2,362 Q 1,427 5,342 219 Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 13,757 2,603 1,971 2,723 658 2,636 7,124 319 Q

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 9,691 1,757 1,572 1,649 347 1,800 5,226 Q Q

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,708 1,104 797 1,072 604 983 4,101 Q Q

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,277 2,110 2,519 3,897 753 4,523 6,417 418 357

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 40,048 35,976 7,374 5,294 7,718 Q 6,043 20,580 1,009 542

College or University ......................... 3,480 3,277 Q 329 492 1,221 1,310 590 Q Q

Primary or Secondary School ........... 3,947 3,560 402 828 887 Q 1,077 1,687 Q Q

Office Complex ................................. 2,712 2,591 336 451 Q Q 502 1,473 Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 1,238 919 Q Q Q N Q 603 Q Q

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 2,347 2,089 806 340 487 Q Q 1,267 Q Q

Health Care Complex ........................ 2,303 2,295 435 537 686 297 1,316 1,129 Q Q

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 912 907 Q 251 548 Q Q 264 Q Q

Government Complex ....................... 2,014 1,509 Q Q 436 Q 405 682 Q Q

Other ................................................ 5,783 3,816 953 689 895 Q 570 1,693 Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

194
ResidentialType 

Central 

Air 

ConditionersHeat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District 

Chilled 

Water

Central 

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 56,940 11,035 9,041 12,558 2,853 11,636 29,969 1,561 1,232

Table B41. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Cooled 

Buildings

Cooling Equipment (more than one may apply)

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 17,844 16,221 3,225 2,431 5,220 705 4,243 9,203 555 441

 Addition or Annex ........................... 6,551 6,173 1,367 1,257 2,236 339 1,696 3,971 Q Q

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 1,012 1,012 Q Q Q Q 428 664 Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 13,119 12,360 2,479 1,646 4,194 476 3,474 7,255 335 252

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 8,070 7,607 1,257 1,160 2,540 298 2,385 4,590 Q Q

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 8,518 8,096 1,452 1,147 2,460 445 2,607 5,263 Q Q

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 10,768 10,341 1,968 1,815 3,196 537 3,417 6,158 393 Q

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 10,275 9,718 1,914 1,452 3,133 527 3,052 5,762 353 Q

 Window Replacement .................... 6,354 5,875 1,162 782 2,521 Q 1,541 3,678 Q Q

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 7,144 6,728 1,164 1,056 2,442 299 2,165 4,170 Q Q

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 4,015 3,801 966 547 995 Q 983 2,326 Q Q

 Other Renovation ........................... 523 444 Q Q Q N Q Q Q N

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 18,714 14,732 3,626 1,452 4,138 707 2,202 6,861 414 Q

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 28,225 25,987 4,184 5,157 3,200 1,441 5,191 13,905 592 454

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 56,925 11,035 9,041 12,558 2,853 11,636 29,969 1,561 1,217

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 41,023 7,982 5,832 9,114 1,765 9,100 23,806 1,265 808

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 13,890 2,323 2,520 4,220 986 6,049 6,860 354 505

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 4,653 Q 404 900 2,311 1,837 1,162 Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,853 Q 251 439 2,853 Q 511 Q Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 5,713 1,299 1,072 2,111 Q 754 3,083 299 Q

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,225 255 Q 370 Q 361 602 Q Q

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 54,321 54,321 10,946 9,030 12,558 924 11,054 29,756 1,561 1,091

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,018 1,018 Q 325 Q Q 782 554 Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,853 Q 251 439 2,853 Q 511 Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 55,188 10,617 8,921 12,167 2,734 11,440 29,007 1,451 1,203

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 56,940 11,035 9,041 12,558 2,853 11,636 29,969 1,561 1,232

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 53,232 10,156 8,586 11,642 2,655 11,589 28,255 1,526 1,198

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 21,451 4,013 4,239 6,186 1,274 7,320 11,986 678 584

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 2,655 690 286 596 Q Q 1,701 Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,746 1,704 2,608 2,656 1,272 6,047 6,587 304 529

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 7,843 N N N N N N N N N

1 to 50 .............................................. 16,598 16,598 4,453 1,573 5,424 Q 462 8,900 489 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 13,211 13,211 2,332 2,334 3,170 829 4,304 7,331 522 261

100 ................................................... 27,132 27,132 4,250 5,134 3,964 1,985 6,870 13,738 550 766

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

195
ResidentialType 

Central 

Air 

ConditionersHeat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District 

Chilled 

Water

Central 

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 56,940 11,035 9,041 12,558 2,853 11,636 29,969 1,561 1,232

Table B41. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Cooled 

Buildings

Cooling Equipment (more than one may apply)

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 8,780 1,356 8,366 2,049 Q 1,992 3,446 Q Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 5,430 800 5,174 1,373 Q 1,310 2,526 Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 2,559 901 2,452 589 Q 592 783 Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 2,691 478 2,610 963 Q 917 1,346 Q Q

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 17,494 6,251 2,111 4,077 Q 1,352 9,995 718 Q

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 11,526 2,933 1,774 4,558 Q 2,175 6,288 611 Q

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 4,376 Q 404 758 2,231 1,737 1,023 Q Q

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 19,051 3,352 2,919 5,926 391 7,857 9,946 620 596

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 17,745 2,812 3,065 3,722 370 2,703 14,747 347 Q

Other ................................................ 3,262 2,961 495 381 579 Q 979 1,255 Q Q

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 11,035 11,035 1,319 2,195 Q 1,342 3,057 211 Q

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 9,041 1,319 9,041 2,139 251 2,050 3,472 Q Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 5,426 772 5,426 1,301 Q 1,258 2,442 Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 2,606 914 2,606 632 Q 648 799 Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 2,940 471 2,940 1,052 Q 1,018 1,456 Q Q

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 12,558 2,195 2,139 12,558 439 1,896 5,678 436 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,853 Q 251 439 2,853 Q 511 Q Q

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 11,636 1,342 2,050 1,896 Q 11,636 3,759 Q Q

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 29,969 3,057 3,472 5,678 511 3,759 29,969 627 407

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 1,561 211 Q 436 Q Q 627 1,561 Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 1,232 Q Q Q Q Q 407 Q 1,232

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 15,190 3,284 2,370 4,138 Q 2,388 8,431 488 Q

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 20,995 4,305 3,352 6,419 Q 4,495 10,995 716 Q

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 38,528 36,075 7,231 6,153 9,229 1,768 9,518 18,592 1,019 798

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 59,688 55,117 10,670 8,862 12,036 2,784 11,452 29,192 1,528 1,199

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 27,571 26,790 4,684 5,151 6,158 1,909 9,374 13,867 622 781

High Intensity Discharge ................... 20,643 19,054 3,627 4,048 4,427 1,040 6,081 10,844 583 490

Halogen ............................................ 17,703 17,115 3,026 3,522 4,280 725 5,888 9,955 508 556

Other ................................................ 269 269 Q Q Q Q Q Q N N

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 19,255 2,264 2,885 3,081 1,923 8,288 9,973 322 569

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 21,108 2,559 3,708 3,267 1,930 8,488 12,414 528 438

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 47,935 8,670 7,946 9,884 2,795 11,430 26,294 1,323 1,167

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 15,358 1,632 2,852 2,191 1,771 7,114 7,308 238 418

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

196
ResidentialType 

Central 

Air 

ConditionersHeat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District 

Chilled 

Water

Central 

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 56,940 11,035 9,041 12,558 2,853 11,636 29,969 1,561 1,232

Table B41. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Cooled 

Buildings

Cooling Equipment (more than one may apply)

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 39,864 7,513 6,400 8,005 1,924 8,425 21,316 1,062 739

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 43,205 8,376 6,789 8,952 2,264 8,619 22,962 1,148 748

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 42,589 8,500 6,285 8,293 1,976 6,814 22,584 1,111 790

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 17,749 3,912 2,441 4,170 751 2,242 9,069 289 Q

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to 

the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

197
Centralized

System

Distributed

System

Combination 

Centralized and

Distributed

Systems

Centralized

System

Distributed

System

Combination 

Centralized and

Distributed

Systems

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,472 2,513 785 175 64,783 56,478 34,671 11,540 10,267

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 1,715 1,267 418 Q 6,789 4,759 3,452 1,206 Q

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 725 557 150 Q 6,585 5,348 4,154 1,057 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 607 429 133 44 11,535 9,562 6,649 2,205 708

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 217 144 43 31 8,668 7,734 5,130 1,524 1,081

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 119 70 27 22 9,057 8,412 5,020 1,853 1,538

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 60 31 11 18 9,064 8,300 4,214 1,702 2,384

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 23 13 3 7 7,176 6,680 3,584 900 2,196

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 6 3 1 2 5,908 5,683 2,469 1,093 2,121

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 298 184 81 34 9,874 9,481 5,343 1,766 2,372

Food Sales ....................................... 226 186 148 Q Q 1,255 1,130 844 Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 297 237 46 Q 1,654 1,654 1,291 226 Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 127 103 14 9 3,163 3,160 2,001 247 912

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 4 Q 3 1,905 1,905 1,041 Q 755

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 119 100 Q Q 1,258 1,255 960 Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 142 110 16 16 5,096 5,096 3,660 302 1,135

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 314 227 77 Q 4,317 3,459 2,240 902 Q

Office ................................................ 824 733 533 166 34 12,208 11,804 6,899 2,237 2,667

Public Assembly ............................... 277 227 165 54 7 3,939 3,632 2,380 932 320

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 70 59 Q Q 1,090 957 663 Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 315 221 78 16 3,754 3,512 2,352 835 325

Service .............................................. 622 418 281 126 Q 4,050 3,320 1,989 1,025 Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 243 167 68 7 10,078 6,624 3,366 2,359 900

Other ................................................ 79 55 36 Q 6 1,738 1,630 908 Q 494

Vacant .............................................. 182 47 39 Q Q 2,567 1,020 734 Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 266 193 65 8 3,769 3,353 2,102 810 442

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 367 255 89 23 6,871 5,292 3,251 1,130 912

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 416 302 93 20 7,045 5,924 3,536 1,282 1,106

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 444 317 106 21 8,101 7,202 4,446 1,604 1,152

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 582 446 109 27 10,772 9,787 6,608 1,383 1,796

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 531 389 120 22 10,332 9,420 5,489 1,883 2,048

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 642 446 155 41 12,360 10,816 6,203 2,677 1,937

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 224 165 48 12 5,533 4,683 3,037 771 875

Table B42. Water Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Type of Water Heating 

Equipment

Type of Water Heating 

Equipment

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with

Water 

Heating

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Water 

Heating

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

198
Centralized

System

Distributed

System

Combination 

Centralized and

Distributed

Systems

Centralized

System

Distributed

System

Combination 

Centralized and

Distributed

Systems

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,472 2,513 785 175 64,783 56,478 34,671 11,540 10,267

Table B42. Water Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Type of Water Heating 

Equipment

Type of Water Heating 

Equipment

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with

Water 

Heating

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Water 

Heating

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 600 480 97 22 12,905 11,789 7,770 2,325 1,695

 New England .................................. 233 188 154 29 5 2,964 2,724 1,839 Q 375

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 411 326 68 18 9,941 9,065 5,930 1,815 1,319

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 987 698 241 48 17,080 14,928 9,724 2,670 2,534

 East North Central .......................... 696 572 389 159 25 11,595 10,208 6,695 1,750 1,763

 West North Central ......................... 571 415 310 82 23 5,485 4,720 3,029 920 771

South ................................................ 1,775 1,217 854 304 60 23,489 19,913 11,537 4,564 3,812

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 643 455 153 35 12,258 10,714 5,649 2,432 2,633

 East South Central .......................... 348 227 174 38 14 3,393 2,858 1,890 469 499

 West South Central ......................... 553 347 224 113 10 7,837 6,341 3,998 1,664 679

West ................................................. 878 668 480 143 45 11,310 9,848 5,640 1,981 2,227

 Mountain ......................................... 299 256 189 46 21 3,675 3,422 1,928 566 928

 Pacific ............................................. 580 413 291 97 24 7,635 6,426 3,712 1,415 1,299

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 683 543 107 34 10,622 9,474 6,315 1,468 1,691

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 926 647 225 54 17,335 15,160 9,553 2,954 2,654

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 554 405 121 28 11,504 10,785 6,774 2,015 1,996

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 883 635 208 40 15,739 13,192 7,444 3,009 2,739

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 426 284 125 18 9,584 7,867 4,585 2,094 1,187

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 2,134 1,542 511 81 25,981 20,164 13,206 4,825 2,134

Two ................................................... 1,031 899 645 210 44 16,270 14,914 8,809 3,882 2,224

Three ................................................ 339 304 228 52 24 7,501 6,915 4,353 1,268 1,294

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 124 92 11 21 10,085 9,688 5,826 1,111 2,751

Ten or More ...................................... 12 11 6 1 4 4,947 4,796 2,477 454 1,865

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 1,653 1,204 420 29 15,492 9,525 6,885 2,417 224

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 675 509 137 29 6,166 5,393 4,019 1,095 279

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 514 390 103 21 7,803 7,182 5,224 1,391 567

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 384 265 78 41 10,989 10,480 6,210 2,827 1,442

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 142 89 29 24 7,934 7,688 4,468 1,408 1,812

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 75 43 14 18 6,871 6,815 3,679 1,090 2,046

250 or More ...................................... 30 30 13 3 13 9,528 9,395 4,186 1,312 3,897

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 580 421 148 11 6,863 4,305 2,952 1,144 209

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 856 583 247 26 11,622 9,989 5,995 2,945 1,050

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 845 585 200 60 15,723 13,564 7,404 3,538 2,622

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 506 397 80 29 10,334 9,477 6,321 1,416 1,740

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 330 259 52 19 7,092 6,635 4,288 1,173 1,174

Open Continuously ........................... 475 356 268 58 30 13,149 12,508 7,712 1,324 3,473

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

199
Centralized

System

Distributed

System

Combination 

Centralized and

Distributed

Systems

Centralized

System

Distributed

System

Combination 

Centralized and

Distributed

Systems

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,472 2,513 785 175 64,783 56,478 34,671 11,540 10,267

Table B42. Water Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Type of Water Heating 

Equipment

Type of Water Heating 

Equipment

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with

Water 

Heating

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Water 

Heating

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 3,169 2,505 1,882 517 107 40,048 35,302 22,726 6,725 5,851

College or University ......................... 83 64 45 10 9 3,480 3,372 2,303 410 659

Primary or Secondary School ........... 254 169 92 58 18 3,947 3,607 1,898 1,001 707

Office Complex ................................. 111 101 67 23 11 2,712 2,541 1,177 554 809

Retail Complex ................................. 151 87 64 Q Q 1,238 855 483 Q Q

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 195 169 126 33 Q 2,347 2,206 1,562 406 Q

Health Care Complex ........................ 39 37 27 Q 6 2,303 2,294 1,252 Q 843

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 61 60 50 Q Q 912 909 652 Q Q

Government Complex ....................... 87 60 40 17 Q 2,014 1,348 807 408 Q

Other ................................................ 496 222 119 96 6 5,783 4,044 1,810 1,526 708

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,470 2,511 785 175 63,307 56,463 34,656 11,540 10,267

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,126 1,560 438 128 43,468 41,134 25,353 7,559 8,222

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 376 290 61 26 15,157 14,560 8,411 2,183 3,965

District Heat ...................................... 67 61 43 5 12 5,443 4,631 2,671 483 1,477

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 31 19 4 8 2,853 2,655 1,518 429 709

Propane ............................................ 502 428 321 86 20 7,076 6,292 3,626 1,413 1,253

Other ................................................ 132 95 67 25 Q 1,401 1,306 849 242 Q

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,910 1,910 1,265 550 94 27,490 27,490 14,245 7,842 5,404

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,445 1,445 1,103 240 102 28,820 28,820 17,917 4,435 6,468

Fuel Oil ............................................. 94 94 91 Q 2 1,880 1,880 1,591 Q 248

District Heat ...................................... 27 27 22 Q 3 3,088 3,088 2,073 Q 859

Propane ............................................ 128 128 98 Q Q 1,422 1,422 973 Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,337 2,423 743 171 60,028 55,154 33,965 11,021 10,167

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,112 2,266 675 171 56,940 53,232 32,513 10,654 10,065

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,472 2,513 785 175 56,478 56,478 34,671 11,540 10,267

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 787 595 122 69 22,237 21,914 12,932 3,163 5,819

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 102 63 27 12 3,138 2,987 1,053 1,065 869

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 143 105 15 23 12,821 12,612 7,062 1,566 3,984

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

200
Centralized

System

Distributed

System

Combination 

Centralized and

Distributed

Systems

Centralized

System

Distributed

System

Combination 

Centralized and

Distributed

Systems

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,472 2,513 785 175 64,783 56,478 34,671 11,540 10,267

Table B42. Water Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Type of Water Heating 

Equipment

Type of Water Heating 

Equipment

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with

Water 

Heating

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Water 

Heating

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 785 593 122 69 22,223 21,901 12,919 3,163 5,819

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 567 415 80 72 19,482 19,482 11,127 2,679 5,676

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 516 348 105 63 26,873 26,129 14,844 4,200 7,085

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to the 

Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

201
Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact 

Fluorescent

HighIntensity 

Discharge Halogen

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,248 2,184 3,943 941 455 565

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,261 1,070 2,068 382 101 205

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 821 416 772 148 88 107

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 716 412 665 189 105 123

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 231 145 223 102 60 55

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 126 75 123 60 51 37

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 63 43 62 38 32 25

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 24 17 24 16 13 10

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 6 5 6 5 4 4

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 384 132 368 97 59 39

Food Sales ....................................... 226 221 78 217 35 Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 296 203 282 105 20 65

Health Care ....................................... 129 129 82 129 43 10 19

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 7 8 7 4 4

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 121 75 121 37 6 15

Lodging ............................................. 142 142 117 121 68 17 33

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 442 191 427 67 35 60

Office ................................................ 824 824 426 791 212 63 96

Public Assembly ............................... 277 264 170 243 59 39 37

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 68 47 66 22 Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 370 289 327 87 17 58

Service .............................................. 622 582 231 536 69 86 51

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 414 156 342 55 74 59

Other ................................................ 79 73 38 65 17 10 11

Vacant .............................................. 182 38 23 28 Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 303 229 272 75 17 55

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 476 276 447 113 34 48

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 517 294 491 110 55 62

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 553 295 517 111 45 51

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 688 362 651 151 81 83

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 652 294 598 136 65 76

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 781 327 726 177 116 128

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 278 109 242 69 42 63

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 690 375 646 172 70 90

 New England .................................. 233 223 135 200 71 18 32

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 467 240 446 101 52 58

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 1,137 722 1,054 257 161 154

 East North Central .......................... 696 641 380 603 150 103 98

 West North Central ......................... 571 495 342 451 106 58 56

South ................................................ 1,775 1,584 707 1,447 275 147 209

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 811 330 740 136 82 119

 East South Central .......................... 348 287 144 273 53 20 22

 West South Central ......................... 553 485 232 435 86 44 69

West ................................................. 878 838 381 796 238 77 113

 Mountain ......................................... 299 280 165 275 68 23 29

 Pacific ............................................. 580 558 216 522 170 54 83

Table B43. Lighting Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Lighting Equipment Types 

(more than one may apply)

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Lit

Buildings

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

202
Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact 

Fluorescent

HighIntensity 

Discharge Halogen

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,248 2,184 3,943 941 455 565

Table B43. Lighting Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Lighting Equipment Types 

(more than one may apply)

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Lit

Buildings

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 765 491 710 215 115 118

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 1,096 621 1,023 232 124 133

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 630 381 591 152 75 88

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1,155 431 1,074 239 88 141

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 601 259 546 103 53 85

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 2,793 1,191 2,583 456 260 278

Two ................................................... 1,031 991 628 916 295 116 186

Three ................................................ 339 326 254 310 108 41 53

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 127 102 122 71 32 42

Ten or More ...................................... 12 12 10 11 10 6 7

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,261 1,114 2,028 322 140 196

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 774 395 734 182 77 104

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 562 266 546 149 63 90

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 397 245 387 156 90 100

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 147 87 144 65 41 36

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 77 55 75 44 28 25

250 or More ...................................... 30 30 22 29 22 15 15

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 756 409 673 103 48 66

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 1,095 509 1,032 217 91 106

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 1,047 500 990 236 116 155

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 580 314 557 141 92 103

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 370 192 353 106 58 63

Open Continuously ........................... 475 399 261 338 137 50 73

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 24 Q 18 Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 479 259 431 124 54 67

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 3,731 1,903 3,484 813 394 492

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 3,169 2,963 1,566 2,805 648 297 405

College or University ......................... 83 83 40 78 45 12 10

Primary or Secondary School ........... 254 251 64 234 47 33 14

Office Complex ................................. 111 109 66 103 27 13 14

Retail Complex ................................. 151 131 52 116 Q 16 28

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 195 192 126 167 51 11 33

Health Care Complex ........................ 39 39 28 39 15 6 7

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 61 58 45 48 21 Q 7

Government Complex ....................... 87 78 42 72 24 8 Q

Other ................................................ 496 346 155 282 53 57 43

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

203
Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact 

Fluorescent

HighIntensity 

Discharge Halogen

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,248 2,184 3,943 941 455 565

Table B43. Lighting Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Lighting Equipment Types 

(more than one may apply)

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Lit

Buildings

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 988 616 928 260 116 163

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 255 170 245 67 45 65

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 22 16 22 9 9 8

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 723 476 675 206 80 125

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 357 239 327 121 56 62

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 400 273 375 135 57 89

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 432 299 414 156 85 101

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 444 303 414 157 73 89

 Window Replacement .................... 310 297 196 282 113 55 57

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 309 200 291 113 54 62

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 218 143 201 74 33 33

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 19 13 18 10 Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 1,549 839 1,449 300 117 136

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 1,711 729 1,566 381 222 267

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 4,248 2,184 3,943 941 455 565

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,353 1,332 2,244 640 334 369

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 442 272 422 113 66 80

District Heat ...................................... 67 66 41 61 37 18 12

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 33 17 29 17 10 4

Propane ............................................ 502 492 291 460 107 57 67

Other ................................................ 132 120 52 118 36 19 14

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,896 2,055 3,671 900 431 525

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,584 1,875 3,408 864 400 504

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,423 1,886 3,242 864 415 505

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 799 534 769 294 116 166

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 118 58 112 32 32 21

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 149 103 147 81 46 51

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 47 Q Q Q Q Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 929 929 506 814 202 61 99

51 to 99 ............................................. 1,108 1,108 673 1,053 290 147 174

100 ................................................... 2,176 2,176 990 2,048 445 238 286

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 386 34 Q 28 Q Q Q

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 1,964 1,831 871 1,677 294 137 209

1 to 50 .............................................. 1,882 1,882 1,000 1,800 474 246 259

51 to 100 ........................................... 136 136 53 129 36 22 25

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 664 399 261 338 137 50 73

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

204
Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact 

Fluorescent

HighIntensity 

Discharge Halogen

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,248 2,184 3,943 941 455 565

Table B43. Lighting Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Lighting Equipment Types 

(more than one may apply)

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 2,184 2,184 2,184 1,984 592 258 373

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 3,943 3,943 1,984 3,943 882 416 493

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 941 941 592 882 941 185 248

High Intensity Discharge ................... 455 455 258 416 185 455 147

Halogen ............................................ 565 565 373 493 248 147 565

Other ................................................ 8 8 Q Q Q Q Q

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 2,138 1,179 2,049 588 291 365

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 1,301 663 1,246 353 182 212

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 300 164 288 105 55 52

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 1,198 640 1,167 319 156 188

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 323 199 305 122 81 95

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 74 43 74 30 16 19

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 928 526 928 306 181 173

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 2,577 1,318 2,555 685 344 376

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 For Lighting ...................................... 60 60 24 57 27 14 12

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 2,825 1,515 2,661 686 310 384

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 2,731 1,432 2,591 668 311 393

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 3,685 1,858 3,459 769 380 470

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 1,500 709 1,443 346 154 194

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey.

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings 

comprising 6.9 billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

205
Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact 

Fluorescent

HighIntensity 

Discharge Halogen

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 62,060 38,528 59,688 27,571 20,643 17,703

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 6,038 2,918 5,579 1,123 312 604

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 6,090 3,061 5,726 1,109 686 781

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 11,229 6,424 10,458 2,944 1,721 1,973

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 8,297 5,176 8,001 3,662 2,191 2,013

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,912 5,296 8,667 4,330 3,646 2,599

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,732 6,042 8,612 5,268 4,349 3,473

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,946 4,913 6,839 4,610 3,918 2,775

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,816 4,698 5,806 4,526 3,819 3,485

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,870 6,095 9,633 4,727 4,178 2,231

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,237 550 1,192 304 Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,650 1,296 1,602 717 246 510

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,163 2,555 3,142 2,305 1,324 1,433

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 1,715 1,886 1,689 1,115 1,166

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,258 840 1,255 616 209 267

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 5,096 4,581 4,842 3,674 1,498 2,266

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,315 1,991 4,041 1,173 943 828

Office ................................................ 12,208 12,208 8,480 12,004 7,357 4,054 4,201

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,917 2,621 3,748 1,726 1,293 1,393

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,074 684 1,048 495 Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,754 3,060 3,567 1,284 421 959

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,911 1,654 3,793 720 1,312 758

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 9,125 3,362 8,489 1,853 3,939 2,186

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,721 1,066 1,677 972 713 425

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,020 533 909 Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,554 2,663 3,430 1,300 536 881

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 6,367 4,107 6,078 2,827 2,351 1,225

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,727 4,324 6,488 2,461 2,105 1,973

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 7,972 4,866 7,739 3,605 2,284 1,798

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 10,381 7,003 10,048 4,613 3,530 2,921

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 10,087 6,213 9,743 5,286 3,417 3,384

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 11,828 6,466 11,358 4,899 4,419 3,352

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 5,144 2,885 4,803 2,581 2,002 2,169

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 12,559 8,102 12,159 6,091 4,379 3,581

 New England .................................. 2,964 2,873 1,996 2,724 1,474 1,021 769

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 9,941 9,687 6,105 9,435 4,616 3,358 2,812

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 16,246 10,973 15,708 6,828 6,620 4,661

 East North Central .......................... 11,595 11,046 7,211 10,701 4,845 5,104 3,259

 West North Central ......................... 5,485 5,200 3,762 5,006 1,983 1,515 1,402

South ................................................ 23,489 22,325 13,045 21,222 8,881 6,229 6,193

 South Atlantic ................................. 12,258 11,856 7,028 11,245 4,856 4,053 3,474

 East South Central .......................... 3,393 3,148 1,984 3,022 1,262 706 620

 West South Central ......................... 7,837 7,322 4,033 6,955 2,764 1,470 2,099

West ................................................. 11,310 10,930 6,408 10,599 5,772 3,416 3,268

 Mountain ......................................... 3,675 3,618 2,443 3,534 1,748 977 993

 Pacific ............................................. 7,635 7,312 3,965 7,066 4,024 2,438 2,275

Table B44. Lighting Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types 

(more than one may apply)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

206
Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact 

Fluorescent

HighIntensity 

Discharge Halogen

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 62,060 38,528 59,688 27,571 20,643 17,703

Table B44. Lighting Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types 

(more than one may apply)

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 10,108 7,016 9,783 4,667 3,955 2,762

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 16,676 10,308 16,090 6,835 6,149 4,485

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 11,228 8,192 10,871 6,292 4,385 3,903

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 14,947 7,939 14,316 6,439 3,863 4,117

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 9,102 5,073 8,627 3,339 2,292 2,435

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 24,288 10,640 22,875 5,431 6,176 3,811

Two ................................................... 16,270 15,752 9,812 15,172 6,571 4,893 4,590

Three ................................................ 7,501 7,242 5,620 7,057 3,914 2,582 2,026

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 9,831 8,192 9,691 7,324 4,088 4,145

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 4,947 4,264 4,893 4,332 2,904 3,131

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 12,835 6,370 11,501 2,142 1,930 1,270

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 6,143 3,436 5,943 1,516 977 1,141

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,791 4,363 7,615 2,744 1,651 1,473

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,959 6,456 10,688 4,604 3,505 3,303

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,934 5,336 7,790 4,337 3,364 2,439

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,871 4,776 6,693 4,304 3,508 2,720

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,528 7,791 9,457 7,923 5,708 5,358

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 4,922 2,708 4,588 857 852 581

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 11,515 6,162 11,067 3,496 2,644 2,181

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 15,625 9,130 15,123 6,391 4,770 3,930

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 10,312 6,234 10,063 4,567 4,015 3,155

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,906 4,153 6,654 3,304 3,256 2,122

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,781 10,142 12,192 8,957 5,105 5,733

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 676 Q 610 Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 12,062 8,638 11,663 7,412 4,627 4,621

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 48,978 29,357 47,116 19,896 15,695 13,028

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 40,048 38,514 23,775 37,281 15,624 12,243 11,311

College or University ......................... 3,480 3,478 2,354 3,437 2,494 1,100 804

Primary or Secondary School ........... 3,947 3,938 1,938 3,714 1,516 1,380 708

Office Complex ................................. 2,712 2,548 1,749 2,540 1,638 1,019 1,073

Retail Complex ................................. 1,238 1,166 491 1,043 Q 249 259

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 2,347 2,314 1,769 2,150 1,132 247 506

Health Care Complex ........................ 2,303 2,301 2,047 2,283 1,777 1,073 1,195

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 912 904 838 809 620 Q 463

Government Complex ....................... 2,014 1,995 882 1,976 921 949 Q

Other ................................................ 5,783 4,903 2,685 4,456 1,588 2,099 1,129

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

207
Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact 

Fluorescent

HighIntensity 

Discharge Halogen

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 62,060 38,528 59,688 27,571 20,643 17,703

Table B44. Lighting Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types 

(more than one may apply)

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 17,844 17,473 12,502 17,033 8,464 6,882 6,132

 Addition or Annex ........................... 6,551 6,543 5,029 6,412 3,236 2,993 3,019

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 1,012 1,012 769 1,012 683 509 513

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 13,119 12,905 9,432 12,555 6,652 4,770 4,869

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 8,070 7,978 5,927 7,799 4,505 3,522 3,286

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 8,518 8,434 6,452 8,246 4,937 3,776 3,891

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 10,768 10,742 7,951 10,606 6,330 4,967 4,357

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 10,275 10,232 7,312 9,999 5,858 4,481 4,096

 Window Replacement .................... 6,354 6,207 4,575 6,124 3,462 2,758 2,719

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 7,144 7,118 5,225 6,996 4,311 3,149 3,097

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 4,015 3,988 2,626 3,916 2,229 1,799 1,240

 Other Renovation ........................... 523 523 427 500 321 Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 18,714 17,529 10,462 16,750 6,341 3,923 2,665

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 28,225 27,058 15,564 25,904 12,766 9,837 8,906

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 62,060 38,528 59,688 27,571 20,643 17,703

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 42,950 28,624 41,843 21,209 15,922 13,645

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 15,037 11,635 14,904 10,201 7,314 6,893

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 5,319 3,617 5,239 3,663 2,665 1,857

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,819 1,768 2,784 1,909 1,040 725

Propane ............................................ 7,076 6,990 4,170 6,821 2,999 3,170 2,015

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,370 902 1,365 672 525 480

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 59,215 37,220 57,351 26,835 20,093 17,042

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 56,661 36,075 55,117 26,790 19,054 17,115

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 56,011 36,622 54,438 26,878 19,191 16,887

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 22,166 17,258 21,686 14,174 9,621 9,083

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,097 1,877 3,028 1,297 1,682 925

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,745 9,976 12,665 10,041 6,861 6,448

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 293 Q Q Q Q Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 10,203 10,203 6,483 9,412 3,456 1,947 2,425

51 to 99 ............................................. 18,288 18,288 12,947 17,816 9,855 7,153 6,112

100 ................................................... 32,789 32,789 18,667 31,745 14,115 11,234 9,110

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 3,210 754 Q 688 Q Q Q

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 17,385 16,238 7,932 15,284 3,944 3,946 3,202

1 to 50 .............................................. 30,948 30,948 19,169 30,185 13,696 10,741 8,126

51 to 100 ........................................... 2,093 2,093 1,285 2,027 975 850 642

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 14,357 12,781 10,142 12,192 8,957 5,105 5,733

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

208
Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact 

Fluorescent

HighIntensity 

Discharge Halogen

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 62,060 38,528 59,688 27,571 20,643 17,703

Table B44. Lighting Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types 

(more than one may apply)

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 38,528 38,528 38,528 37,239 21,329 14,648 14,163

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 59,688 59,688 37,239 59,688 26,861 20,142 17,120

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 27,571 27,571 21,329 26,861 27,571 12,576 11,937

High Intensity Discharge ................... 20,643 20,643 14,648 20,142 12,576 20,643 9,747

Halogen ............................................ 17,703 17,703 14,163 17,120 11,937 9,747 17,703

Other ................................................ 269 269 Q Q Q Q Q

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 38,424 25,727 37,660 20,119 14,503 13,124

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 29,365 18,489 28,746 15,891 11,918 10,155

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 8,425 6,287 8,268 5,773 4,227 3,826

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 17,087 11,255 16,708 8,357 6,023 5,334

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 12,486 9,279 12,237 8,220 6,289 5,355

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 2,868 2,294 2,866 2,241 1,703 1,496

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 26,118 18,183 26,118 15,591 12,104 9,930

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 46,882 30,132 46,583 24,070 17,727 14,691

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 For Lighting ...................................... 4,781 4,781 3,410 4,660 3,520 2,482 2,107

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 42,305 26,468 41,078 19,895 14,125 12,169

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 42,977 27,055 41,816 20,272 14,612 12,630

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 46,987 27,178 45,368 17,968 14,743 11,455

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 19,349 10,095 18,742 6,533 5,154 4,089

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey.

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

209
Any

Walk-In

Units

Open

Cases

or

Cabinets

Closed

Cases

or

Cabinets

ResidentialType 

Units

Vending 

Machines

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,176 1,007 666 308 696 2,370 996

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 1,591 486 332 142 353 1,159 268

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 642 188 124 65 117 494 181

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 548 138 75 40 103 427 250

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 196 78 44 19 53 148 134

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 114 60 44 19 34 81 89

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 58 36 29 13 23 41 48

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 21 16 14 7 9 16 19

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 6 5 5 3 3 4 6

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 254 93 59 31 54 203 113

Food Sales ....................................... 226 212 205 167 93 159 48 56

Food Service ..................................... 297 296 283 239 90 219 118 53

Health Care ....................................... 129 116 23 14 7 11 110 25

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 8 7 4 5 7 7

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 108 15 Q Q 6 103 18

Lodging ............................................. 142 126 42 26 6 29 107 75

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 319 98 47 25 65 215 95

Office ................................................ 824 643 53 17 22 25 577 194

Public Assembly ............................... 277 210 74 40 9 51 152 55

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 67 13 Q Q Q 56 38

Religious Worship ............................. 370 271 41 Q Q 31 255 31

Service .............................................. 622 362 Q Q Q Q 298 145

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 225 47 34 Q 15 173 93

Other ................................................ 79 51 14 10 Q 12 41 19

Vacant .............................................. 182 24 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 243 77 52 23 61 201 40

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 342 111 61 33 81 256 93

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 401 140 71 35 97 308 114

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 396 112 78 37 81 300 156

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 511 155 109 39 101 379 175

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 487 145 109 46 97 365 148

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 598 189 129 64 129 428 205

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 199 78 58 30 49 134 65

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 518 177 119 48 127 398 156

 New England .................................. 233 164 58 44 19 42 136 51

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 355 119 75 29 85 262 104

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 872 287 182 75 210 660 267

 East North Central .......................... 696 496 189 121 48 135 353 155

 West North Central ......................... 571 377 98 62 27 75 307 112

South ................................................ 1,775 1,203 367 244 132 252 860 397

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 607 191 127 75 130 419 194

 East South Central .......................... 348 238 63 40 18 43 175 90

 West South Central ......................... 553 358 113 76 39 78 266 113

West ................................................. 878 583 176 122 53 107 452 176

 Mountain ......................................... 299 202 54 39 14 30 166 75

 Pacific ............................................. 580 381 122 83 39 76 287 101

Type of Equipment (more than one may apply)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Any 

Refrigeration 

Equipment

Table B45. Refrigeration Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Commercial Refrigeration Other Refrigeration 

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

210
Any

Walk-In

Units

Open

Cases

or

Cabinets

Closed

Cases

or

Cabinets

ResidentialType 

Units

Vending 

Machines

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,176 1,007 666 308 696 2,370 996

Type of Equipment (more than one may apply)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Any 

Refrigeration 

Equipment

Table B45. Refrigeration Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Commercial Refrigeration Other Refrigeration 

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 591 184 130 50 137 470 184

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 801 278 189 78 185 597 252

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 502 151 92 43 105 374 167

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 832 254 157 84 170 593 245

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 451 141 98 53 98 336 148

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 1,992 626 440 201 426 1,446 553

Two ................................................... 1,031 787 232 140 66 158 612 276

Three ................................................ 339 276 92 49 26 72 220 97

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 110 50 33 12 34 85 61

Ten or More ...................................... 12 11 7 5 4 5 7 9

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 1,494 438 248 111 313 1,123 272

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 629 179 126 52 134 471 176

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 474 146 108 51 93 357 165

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 346 126 90 41 86 255 194

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 132 62 49 25 36 93 103

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 73 39 32 21 23 50 61

250 or More ...................................... 30 28 17 13 8 11 20 25

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 483 88 40 20 54 421 54

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 771 105 53 31 66 663 211

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 782 168 100 40 105 626 259

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 490 235 142 72 174 316 198

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 336 263 229 95 190 127 117

Open Continuously ........................... 475 314 146 104 50 107 216 157

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 3,169 2,372 819 553 256 576 1,702 675

College or University ......................... 83 59 15 11 3 10 40 42

Primary or Secondary School ........... 254 119 46 37 11 27 88 54

Office Complex ................................. 111 77 15 6 10 5 61 28

Retail Complex ................................. 151 83 25 Q Q 18 66 45

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 195 131 25 Q Q 18 124 19

Health Care Complex ........................ 39 32 11 8 3 8 31 18

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 61 52 14 Q Q 13 37 21

Government Complex ....................... 87 53 8 Q Q Q 44 27

Other ................................................ 496 200 30 17 Q 15 177 68

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

211
Any

Walk-In

Units

Open

Cases

or

Cabinets

Closed

Cases

or

Cabinets

ResidentialType 

Units

Vending 

Machines

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,176 1,007 666 308 696 2,370 996

Type of Equipment (more than one may apply)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Any 

Refrigeration 

Equipment

Table B45. Refrigeration Equipment, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Commercial Refrigeration Other Refrigeration 

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,176 1,007 666 308 696 2,370 996

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 1,892 666 450 190 473 1,375 656

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 361 121 80 35 83 294 134

District Heat ...................................... 67 51 13 9 5 10 36 36

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 25 8 6 3 6 17 19

Propane ............................................ 502 396 149 97 44 104 307 135

Other ................................................ 132 93 16 10 5 12 82 34

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,014 934 619 287 645 2,278 953

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 2,848 943 631 286 655 2,106 915

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 2,828 947 632 285 653 2,113 895

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 797 590 454 181 431 479 256

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 96 20 17 Q 11 82 42

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 136 67 51 27 41 109 100

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 797 590 454 181 431 479 256

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 527 330 249 107 231 329 237

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 470 165 115 58 102 372 283

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web 

site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

See "Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED

212
Any

Walk-In

Units

Open

Cases

or

Cabinets

Closed

Cases

or

Cabinets

ResidentialType 

Units

Vending 

Machines

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 52,974 26,768 20,254 10,425 17,218 38,884 35,335

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 4,333 1,310 916 366 935 3,174 830

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 4,738 1,406 909 497 894 3,609 1,407

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 8,646 2,230 1,188 614 1,665 6,725 4,072

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 7,068 2,829 1,626 676 1,933 5,289 4,910

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,038 4,291 3,124 1,354 2,438 5,760 6,342

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,096 5,116 4,148 1,926 3,302 5,667 6,578

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,238 4,606 4,199 2,034 2,685 4,524 5,691

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,816 4,979 4,146 2,958 3,366 4,136 5,506

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,066 6,485 5,157 2,634 3,470 6,460 7,127

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,210 1,177 1,069 804 902 306 551

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,651 1,616 1,495 491 1,234 605 426

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,013 2,131 1,942 1,244 1,671 2,656 2,262

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 1,869 1,828 1,178 1,508 1,667 1,776

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,108 262 Q Q 163 989 485

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,780 3,333 2,844 985 2,035 3,696 4,199

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 3,447 1,336 670 651 1,152 2,276 1,952

Office ................................................ 12,208 10,642 4,045 2,757 1,972 2,530 8,335 7,661

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,302 1,805 1,235 308 1,494 2,258 1,607

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,031 565 Q Q Q 883 868

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,163 821 Q Q 635 2,881 731

Service .............................................. 4,050 2,992 Q Q Q Q 2,464 1,902

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 6,499 2,032 1,517 Q 775 4,667 4,719

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,570 841 780 Q 682 986 1,189

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 608 Q Q Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 2,939 1,297 990 396 807 2,323 1,074

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 5,006 2,580 1,853 1,079 1,566 4,088 3,426

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,028 3,544 2,399 1,242 2,114 4,700 3,332

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 6,610 3,090 2,324 1,226 2,117 4,898 4,699

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 8,830 4,422 3,461 1,818 2,889 6,412 6,208

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 8,725 4,728 3,840 1,866 3,247 6,253 6,219

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 10,347 4,568 3,341 1,627 2,880 7,130 7,248

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,488 2,539 2,046 1,172 1,597 3,081 3,127

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 10,842 5,936 4,452 2,361 3,652 8,288 6,559

 New England .................................. 2,964 2,474 1,107 889 389 790 2,037 1,569

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 9,941 8,367 4,830 3,563 1,972 2,861 6,251 4,990

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 14,082 7,122 5,201 2,120 4,400 10,792 9,400

 East North Central .......................... 11,595 9,538 5,286 3,860 1,679 3,228 7,247 6,583

 West North Central ......................... 5,485 4,544 1,835 1,341 441 1,172 3,545 2,817

South ................................................ 23,489 19,103 9,638 7,469 4,298 6,514 13,162 13,534

 South Atlantic ................................. 12,258 10,256 5,426 4,324 2,581 3,568 7,043 7,066

 East South Central .......................... 3,393 2,829 1,145 862 420 941 1,834 2,056

 West South Central ......................... 7,837 6,018 3,067 2,284 1,297 2,004 4,285 4,412

West ................................................. 11,310 8,947 4,072 3,132 1,646 2,652 6,642 5,841

 Mountain ......................................... 3,675 3,028 1,398 1,073 672 781 2,232 2,058

 Pacific ............................................. 7,635 5,919 2,674 2,059 974 1,871 4,410 3,783

Table B46. Refrigeration Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Any 

Refrigeration 

Equipment

Type of Equipment (more than one may apply)

Commercial Refrigeration Other Refrigeration 

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

213
Any

Walk-In

Units

Open

Cases

or

Cabinets

Closed

Cases

or

Cabinets

ResidentialType 

Units

Vending 

Machines

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 52,974 26,768 20,254 10,425 17,218 38,884 35,335

Table B46. Refrigeration Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Any 

Refrigeration 

Equipment

Type of Equipment (more than one may apply)

Commercial Refrigeration Other Refrigeration 

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 8,673 4,106 3,188 1,296 2,495 6,713 5,824

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 14,438 7,355 5,353 2,808 4,601 10,957 9,186

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 9,893 5,702 4,341 2,220 3,654 7,367 6,729

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 12,329 5,784 4,490 2,408 3,793 8,479 8,220

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,640 3,821 2,882 1,694 2,675 5,369 5,375

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 18,869 7,620 5,257 2,649 4,813 13,230 10,272

Two ................................................... 16,270 13,758 6,309 4,898 2,010 3,937 10,456 8,818

Three ................................................ 7,501 6,550 3,065 2,044 990 2,174 5,021 4,575

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 9,083 6,002 5,185 2,447 3,566 6,744 7,521

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 4,715 3,773 2,871 2,328 2,727 3,433 4,150

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 8,221 2,390 1,159 449 1,717 6,271 2,239

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,109 1,592 867 378 1,182 3,862 1,938

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 6,608 2,182 1,538 491 1,136 5,242 3,516

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 9,759 4,415 3,262 1,262 2,873 7,011 6,949

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,346 4,475 3,693 1,447 2,363 5,084 6,197

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,619 4,399 3,776 2,193 2,877 4,726 5,960

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,313 7,314 5,960 4,204 5,068 6,687 8,536

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 3,376 933 557 242 561 2,808 763

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 9,130 3,156 2,190 1,109 1,968 7,358 5,286

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 12,833 5,218 3,745 1,815 2,973 9,804 8,207

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 9,304 4,350 2,996 1,625 2,844 6,490 6,234

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,384 4,314 3,184 1,554 2,987 3,941 4,639

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 11,947 8,797 7,582 4,081 5,885 8,484 10,205

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 40,048 33,711 16,426 11,954 6,307 10,842 24,007 20,526

College or University ......................... 3,480 3,041 1,295 1,009 Q 902 1,780 2,805

Primary or Secondary School ........... 3,947 3,195 2,352 2,092 901 1,171 2,287 2,384

Office Complex ................................. 2,712 2,059 857 604 484 575 1,658 1,650

Retail Complex ................................. 1,238 833 265 Q Q 219 651 623

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 2,347 1,940 870 Q Q 320 1,743 763

Health Care Complex ........................ 2,303 2,233 1,858 1,754 959 1,421 2,032 1,975

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 912 850 492 Q Q 427 584 682

Government Complex ....................... 2,014 1,441 799 Q Q Q 1,177 1,305

Other ................................................ 5,783 3,671 1,554 1,306 Q 1,021 2,965 2,622

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Any

Walk-In

Units

Open

Cases

or

Cabinets

Closed

Cases

or

Cabinets

ResidentialType 

Units

Vending 

Machines

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 52,974 26,768 20,254 10,425 17,218 38,884 35,335

Table B46. Refrigeration Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Any 

Refrigeration 

Equipment

Type of Equipment (more than one may apply)

Commercial Refrigeration Other Refrigeration 

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 52,974 26,768 20,254 10,425 17,218 38,884 35,335

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 38,436 21,376 16,719 8,485 14,146 28,365 26,647

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 14,221 9,936 8,267 4,557 6,636 11,118 11,387

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 4,568 2,716 2,131 1,395 2,005 3,163 4,108

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,594 1,490 1,091 593 1,056 1,899 2,376

Propane ............................................ 7,076 6,065 3,237 2,495 1,268 2,012 4,473 4,132

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,231 616 466 200 417 957 850

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 51,451 26,088 19,764 10,165 16,707 37,825 34,470

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 50,080 25,872 19,803 10,202 16,729 36,662 34,063

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 50,212 26,153 19,986 10,145 16,882 36,777 33,964

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 22,193 19,665 16,422 8,532 13,219 15,911 16,471

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 2,771 973 756 Q 530 2,170 2,338

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,351 9,247 7,765 4,617 6,272 9,564 11,183

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 22,193 19,665 16,422 8,532 13,219 15,911 16,471

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 19,029 15,765 13,809 6,973 10,493 13,751 15,022

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 25,237 16,650 13,420 7,695 10,097 18,674 21,343

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

See "Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

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