Table A1. Summary Table of Square Feet, Hours of Operation

 and Age of Building, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

(thousand)

Total

Floorspace

(million

square

feet)

Total

Workers

in All

Buildings

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per

Building

(thousand)

Median

Square

Feet per

Building

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet

per

Worker

Median

Square

Feet

per

Worker

Mean

Hours

per

Week

Median

Hours

per

Week

Median

Age of

Buildings

(years)

RSE

Row

1.1 1.2 1.5 1.0 -- 1.3 -- 0.4 -- -- Factor

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 67,876 71,236 14.1 4.5 953 1,013 58 50 28.5 4.0

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 7,327 9,701 2.7 2.5 755 850 56 48 28.5 3.3

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 7,199 7,644 7.4 7.2 942 1,267 57 49 30.5 2.8

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 10,375 10,357 16.0 15.0 1,002 1,525 60 50 27.5 3.6

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 10,069 8,674 35.9 35.0 1,161 1,714 67 55 28.5 4.6

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 8,062 7,830 69.8 68.0 1,030 1,379 73 60 24.5 5.0

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 9,678 8,282 137.0 130.0 1,169 1,767 77 61 28.5 6.4

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 7,889 7,545 302.8 270.0 1,046 2,071 94 80 22.5 6.6

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 7,278 11,203 770.5 600.0 Q 4,133 105 84 18.5 20.4

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 8,470 6,872 28.2 9.0 1,232 960 49 45 28.5 5.2

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 757 842 5.8 2.6 899 1,000 108 105 23.5 10.7

 Food Service ................................. 260 1,491 2,244 5.7 3.3 665 613 91 95 31.5 7.2

 Health Care .................................... 63 1,763 3,385 27.9 4.3 521 500 69 50 26.5 10.0

 Lodging .......................................... 154 2,891 2,022 18.8 8.0 1,429 1,700 158 168 25.5 8.6

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 12,402 15,979 9.7 4.0 776 1,077 62 54 28.5 9.0

 Office .............................................. 749 12,319 27,161 16.4 5.0 454 500 53 45 26.5 4.7

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 1,652 215 69.9 6.0 7,668 3,000 83 52 21.5 25.6

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 4,556 2,752 16.4 5.9 1,655 1,875 50 45 28.5 13.3

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 820 801 13.7 5.0 1,023 1,050 123 168 23.5 17.6

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 3,747 2,298 10.2 4.3 1,630 2,033 22 10 36.5 12.0

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 11,484 4,451 15.1 5.0 2,580 1,925 50 48 22.5 7.5

 Other .............................................. 69 1,130 1,232 16.4 4.0 918 1,273 75 56 23.5 16.3

 Vacant ............................................ 319 4,396 981 13.8 4.2 4,481 2,000 20 (*) 42.5 14.5

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 1,721 1,531 10.2 5.5 1,124 1,350 50 45 104.5 10.6

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 3,608 3,004 14.1 5.0 1,201 1,325 51 45 83.5 10.6

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 8,712 6,597 12.0 4.2 1,321 1,200 52 48 60.5 7.5

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 10,421 9,114 11.8 4.2 1,143 1,000 54 48 40.5 6.1

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 12,612 17,873 16.1 4.5 706 1,000 64 51 28.5 8.7

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 14,014 14,400 14.3 4.5 973 1,000 60 50 17.5 5.1

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 14,287 15,987 16.2 4.8 894 943 64 52 7.5 6.5

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 2,502 2,731 19.6 4.8 916 1,138 62 52 1.5 10.6

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 13,400 18,570 17.4 5.2 722 1,050 62 52 35.5 10.5

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 17,280 14,872 14.4 4.5 1,162 1,225 54 49 32.5 5.5

 South .............................................. 1,963 24,577 23,220 12.5 4.0 1,058 1,013 56 48 24.5 5.4

 West ............................................... 870 12,619 14,574 14.5 5.0 866 800 65 52 25.5 6.6

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 66,549 71,187 14.4 4.6 935 1,000 60 50 27.5 3.9

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 45,097 51,322 16.9 5.1 879 1,000 63 51 31.5 4.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 13,218 18,068 23.7 5.0 732 1,200 58 50 35.5 6.5

 District Heat .................................... 95 5,339 7,153 56.0 17.0 746 1,125 76 50 33.5 9.9

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 2,066 2,709 72.6 26.5 763 1,125 77 55 27.5 15.2

 Propane .......................................... 337 3,393 2,884 10.1 3.5 1,177 1,183 58 51 24.5 10.1

 Any Other ....................................... 163 1,551 1,320 9.5 3.6 1,175 1,600 59 48 30.5 13.9

See footnotes at end of table.

28 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A1. Summary Table of Square Feet, Hours of Operation

 and Age of Building, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

(thousand)

Total

Floorspace

(million

square

feet)

Total

Workers

in All

Buildings

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per

Building

(thousand)

Median

Square

Feet per

Building

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet

per

Worker

Median

Square

Feet

per

Worker

Mean

Hours

per

Week

Median

Hours

per

Week

Median

Age of

Buildings

(years)

RSE

Row

1.1 1.2 1.5 1.0 -- 1.3 -- 0.4 -- -- Factor

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 61,996 69,607 14.8 4.8 891 1,000 61 50 28.5 4.0

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 57,041 66,909 16.3 5.0 853 950 63 51 27.5 4.2

 Buildings with Water

 Heating .......................................... 3,502 58,479 67,233 16.7 5.2 870 960 65 52 28.5 4.2

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 23,065 30,935 31.4 6.3 746 889 79 76 29.5 7.8

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ............................... 121 3,174 2,538 26.3 9.6 1,250 1,050 59 49 27.5 10.6

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................. 399 5,623 4,818 14.1 5.0 1,167 1,184 63 52 30.5 10.3

 5,500-7,000 HDD ......................... 1,134 18,024 17,497 15.9 5.0 1,030 1,150 58 50 35.5 6.8

 4,000-5,499 HDD ......................... 1,077 16,162 20,520 15.0 4.0 788 1,167 56 50 28.5 13.4

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,101 15,251 16,627 13.8 4.5 917 891 59 49 24.5 8.5

 More than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,095 12,816 11,774 11.7 4.2 1,089 1,000 58 48 25.5 8.5

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ......................................... 3,115 48,585 45,457 15.6 5.0 1,069 1,000 61 50 32.5 3.5

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 764 3,873 4,305 5.1 2.9 900 1,000 54 48 32.5 5.8

 Metal Panels .................................. 745 7,392 4,788 9.9 4.0 1,544 1,383 51 48 15.5 7.5

 Concrete Panels ............................. 87 4,961 10,320 56.7 20.0 481 1,025 73 60 16.5 15.4

 Window Glass ................................ 46 2,028 4,302 43.6 9.0 471 600 61 56 22.5 14.3

 Other .............................................. 47 1,037 2,064 22.1 4.8 502 750 52 50 20.5 16.1

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up .......................................... 1,642 30,257 31,481 18.4 5.8 961 1,000 64 52 32.5 4.5

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 1,381 10,570 9,630 7.7 3.5 1,098 1,000 54 46 30.5 5.4

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 1,037 9,019 6,541 8.7 4.0 1,379 1,250 51 49 16.5 5.9

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 386 11,702 18,127 30.3 8.1 646 1,010 65 56 32.5 9.7

 Slate or Tile .................................... 155 1,998 1,627 12.9 5.5 1,228 1,000 57 45 40.5 10.3

 Concrete ......................................... 37 2,544 1,676 68.4 12.5 1,518 1,130 77 60 20.5 21.2

 Other .............................................. 167 1,786 2,154 10.7 3.7 829 900 64 56 26.5 11.0

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 25,424 21,565 8.5 3.5 1,179 1,000 57 50 23.5 4.6

 Two ................................................ 1,154 18,025 19,949 15.6 6.0 904 1,080 56 48 33.5 7.7

 Three .............................................. 446 9,877 9,592 22.2 8.6 1,030 1,222 65 52 59.5 5.8

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 10,377 11,258 55.7 25.0 922 1,143 74 55 66.5 7.7

 Ten or More .................................... 13 4,173 8,872 319.7 186.0 470 600 81 61 23.5 12.1

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 51,356 42,768 12.2 4.2 1,201 1,100 57 49 28.5 3.4

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 11,815 19,249 24.1 7.0 614 800 67 54 28.5 8.5

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 3,206 5,995 34.2 5.8 535 683 71 55 24.5 9.7

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 1,499 3,225 52.6 16.0 465 833 68 50 21.5 14.7

Building Shape

 Square ............................................ 280 3,654 3,673 13.0 3.8 995 857 61 49 28.5 8.1

 Rectangle ....................................... 3,659 39,233 38,955 10.7 4.0 1,007 1,000 57 50 27.5 3.2

 Rectangle or Square

 with Courtyard ............................... 48 1,372 1,539 28.8 10.0 892 1,167 65 58 24.5 14.8

 Right Angle ..................................... 333 6,071 5,723 18.2 6.8 1,061 1,167 61 50 32.5 7.7

 Other .............................................. 485 17,547 21,346 36.2 10.0 822 1,225 63 50 30.5 10.0

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 29
Table A1. Summary Table of Square Feet, Hours of Operation

 and Age of Building, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

(thousand)

Total

Floorspace

(million

square

feet)

Total

Workers

in All

Buildings

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per

Building

(thousand)

Median

Square

Feet per

Building

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet

per

Worker

Median

Square

Feet

per

Worker

Mean

Hours

per

Week

Median

Hours

per

Week

Median

Age of

Buildings

(years)

RSE

Row

1.1 1.2 1.5 1.0 -- 1.3 -- 0.4 -- -- Factor

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 17,944 4,736 6.6 3.0 3,789 1,700 54 50 30.5 5.8

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 7,524 5,758 8.4 4.8 1,307 720 61 51 25.5 4.5

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 8,077 7,148 14.4 8.0 1,130 641 63 50 25.5 5.6

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 10,556 11,777 26.1 16.3 896 567 69 53 26.5 4.7

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 7,763 8,375 59.7 38.5 927 650 67 50 23.5 7.0

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 7,378 9,318 114.6 79.0 792 617 82 65 18.5 6.9

 250 or More .................................... 31 8,633 24,124 274.4 150.0 358 320 84 65 22.5 9.5

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 8,246 3,997 7.9 3.5 2,063 1,600 12 9 33.5 7.1

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 14,998 17,500 11.7 4.9 857 857 44 45 28.5 3.1

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 14,046 15,478 14.0 5.0 907 1,063 54 54 27.5 3.2

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 12,062 12,667 18.7 5.0 952 979 72 70 23.5 4.1

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 8,467 12,470 17.7 4.0 Q 1,000 105 102 27.5 7.5

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 10,057 9,124 27.8 5.0 1,102 1,200 168 168 23.5 0.1

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 52,752 52,310 12.5 4.3 1,008 1,025 58 50 28.5 3.2

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 38,403 39,329 12.0 4.2 976 1,050 60 50 27.5 3.2

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 12,273 12,810 15.0 4.8 958 978 61 52 26.5 6.5

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 2,077 171 10.5 3.8 12,161 1,300 9 (*) 36.5 18.8

 Government Owned ....................... 599 15,124 18,926 25.2 6.7 799 1,000 61 45 28.5 9.4

Energy-Related Space

Functions(more than one may

apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation .................................... 735 22,166 30,938 30.2 6.3 716 880 79 76 29.5 7.5

 Computer Room ............................. 223 14,199 22,847 63.7 24.5 621 833 69 53 25.5 6.3

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ..................................... 236 8,042 9,190 34.0 8.4 875 1,000 73 56 23.5 6.4

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ................... 203 6,862 7,084 33.7 10.0 969 1,069 103 95 24.5 7.6

Space-Heating Energy Source

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 1,513 25,636 31,533 16.9 5.0 813 923 66 51 21.5 7.6

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,405 38,524 42,893 16.0 5.0 898 1,000 60 50 32.5 5.1

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 479 7,334 8,226 15.3 4.8 892 1,208 53 49 37.5 8.0

 District Heat .................................... 94 5,242 7,044 55.9 16.5 744 1,150 76 50 33.5 10.0

 Propane .......................................... 255 1,568 1,282 6.2 3.1 1,222 1,200 48 48 23.5 11.4

 Wood .............................................. 102 504 461 5.0 3.2 1,093 1,600 55 48 32.5 16.3

 Any Other ....................................... 39 661 368 16.9 3.6 1,796 2,000 51 48 20.5 25.6

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

 Electricity ........................................ 1,107 15,502 17,408 14.0 4.8 891 875 69 53 18.5 6.8

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,276 35,161 39,268 15.5 5.0 895 1,000 60 50 32.5 5.4

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 394 4,415 4,960 11.2 4.5 890 1,200 50 48 38.5 9.8

 District Heat .................................... 91 5,014 6,665 54.8 16.3 752 1,150 76 50 33.5 10.3

 Propane .......................................... 217 1,101 798 5.1 2.9 1,380 1,333 47 45 24.5 12.5

 Wood .............................................. 68 257 242 3.8 2.8 Q 1,425 46 48 32.5 17.2

 Any Other ....................................... Q 546 267 Q 3.6 2,048 2,000 50 48 30.5 28.0

See footnotes at end of table.

30 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A1. Summary Table of Square Feet, Hours of Operation

 and Age of Building, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

(thousand)

Total

Floorspace

(million

square

feet)

Total

Workers

in All

Buildings

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per

Building

(thousand)

Median

Square

Feet per

Building

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet

per

Worker

Median

Square

Feet

per

Worker

Mean

Hours

per

Week

Median

Hours

per

Week

Median

Age of

Buildings

(years)

RSE

Row

1.0 1.1 1.5 1.1 -- 1.3 -- 0.5 -- -- Factor

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 3,404 54,628 63,748 16.0 5.0 857 950 63 50 27.5 4.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 106 1,906 2,430 17.9 6.0 784 800 65 56 27.5 10.5

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 2,066 2,709 72.6 26.5 763 1,125 77 55 27.5 15.2

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 1,696 25,482 27,489 15.0 5.0 927 950 61 50 23.5 5.1

 Natural Gas .................................... 1,647 29,962 34,853 18.2 5.6 860 963 67 54 32.5 6.0

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 126 2,470 3,032 19.7 6.4 815 1,125 60 54 45.5 12.8

 District Heat .................................... 38 3,308 4,934 87.1 35.0 670 1,100 91 60 30.5 11.5

 Propane .......................................... 80 659 555 8.2 3.5 1,187 1,000 77 63 29.5 15.9

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 356 12,183 18,405 34.2 6.2 662 933 80 77 25.5 11.8

 Natural Gas .................................... 431 15,233 21,634 35.3 7.8 704 813 83 78 32.5 9.1

 Propane .......................................... 70 1,039 1,072 14.9 5.2 969 843 77 77 38.5 15.2

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 6,211 1,691 9.5 3.3 3,673 1,667 42 43 27.5 11.8

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 11,195 9,940 16.3 5.3 Q 1,850 56 49 32.5 9.5

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 10,211 11,922 16.5 5.5 856 1,000 64 54 31.5 5.6

 100 ................................................. 2,846 40,260 47,682 14.1 4.5 844 877 61 50 27.5 3.4

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 10,835 4,327 8.3 3.5 2,504 1,538 46 45 31.5 6.6

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 21,715 13,207 18.5 6.4 1,644 1,383 60 52 32.5 4.2

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 13,872 23,943 21.1 6.0 579 840 68 54 29.5 7.7

 100 ................................................. 1,668 21,454 29,759 12.9 4.0 721 733 63 50 23.5 5.0

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 3,280 155 7.9 3.1 21,154 1,750 17 (*) 31.5 13.6

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 9,980 4,218 11.3 4.5 2,366 2,000 59 49 33.5 6.3

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 14,224 14,934 17.5 5.5 952 950 60 50 30.5 5.9

 100 ................................................. 2,699 40,393 51,929 15.0 4.5 778 867 64 51 25.5 4.6

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit ............................................. 2,987 34,486 27,719 11.5 4.0 1,244 1,200 57 46 27.5 4.2

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,689 31,482 41,483 18.6 6.0 759 911 61 54 28.5 4.8

 51 to 99 .......................................... 43 1,021 1,200 24.0 5.2 851 675 58 57 40.5 17.0

 100 ................................................. 87 887 835 10.2 3.6 1,063 833 47 55 25.5 17.0

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 449 8,269 9,484 18.4 6.0 872 900 65 50 15.5 7.0

 Furnaces ........................................ 1,692 16,909 19,794 10.0 4.0 854 1,000 57 49 32.5 7.6

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 22,380 24,549 15.3 4.8 912 1,225 61 50 28.5 7.5

 District Heat .................................... 93 5,225 7,043 55.9 16.5 742 1,150 76 50 33.5 10.0

 Boilers ............................................ 624 20,664 22,422 33.1 10.0 922 1,160 66 54 37.5 5.4

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 870 16,000 22,847 18.4 6.0 700 800 66 54 21.5 8.5

 Other .............................................. 42 903 1,143 21.2 3.4 790 943 83 64 22.5 17.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 31
Table A1. Summary Table of Square Feet, Hours of Operation

 and Age of Building, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

(thousand)

Total

Floorspace

(million

square

feet)

Total

Workers

in All

Buildings

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per

Building

(thousand)

Median

Square

Feet per

Building

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet

per

Worker

Median

Square

Feet

per

Worker

Mean

Hours

per

Week

Median

Hours

per

Week

Median

Age of

Buildings

(years)

RSE

Row

1.0 1.1 1.5 1.1 -- 1.3 -- 0.5 -- -- Factor

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ............... 473 13,263 13,548 28.0 9.6 979 1,300 65 52 45.5 5.7

 Ducts for Heating ......................... 2,955 45,422 55,081 15.4 5.0 825 900 61 50 25.5 4.4

 Heating Only .............................. 577 5,950 Q 10.3 3.7 Q 1,325 52 48 36.5 9.1

 Heating and Cooling ................... 2,378 39,472 46,568 16.6 5.4 848 833 63 50 23.5 3.4

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used ............................. 210 11,528 19,351 54.8 13.5 596 707 70 55 18.5 11.9

 Fan Coil Units for

 Heating .......................................... 99 5,474 6,129 55.5 20.0 893 1,267 73 54 35.5 9.0

 Heating Only .............................. 78 3,569 3,417 45.7 15.5 1,044 1,400 68 53 38.5 11.6

 Heating and Cooling ................... 21 1,906 2,712 92.5 48.0 703 1,056 89 65 28.5 12.9

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 22,380 24,549 15.3 4.8 912 1,225 61 50 28.5 7.5

 Other .............................................. 181 3,310 3,213 18.3 4.8 1,030 1,060 67 52 36.5 10.1

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................. 816 9,021 9,734 11.0 4.2 927 900 57 49 29.5 5.7

 Heat Pumps ................................... 454 8,406 9,559 18.5 6.0 879 875 65 50 15.5 6.9

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................. 1,023 17,979 17,997 17.6 5.0 999 1,250 64 52 36.5 9.7

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 2,066 2,709 72.6 26.5 763 1,125 77 55 27.5 15.2

 Central Chillers ............................... 142 12,991 18,483 91.5 39.0 703 863 73 55 27.5 7.6

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units .............................................. 1,459 27,830 32,786 19.1 6.3 849 800 65 54 24.5 4.0

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 179 2,085 3,033 11.7 4.2 687 975 65 51 30.5 14.8

 Other .............................................. 8 268 254 35.0 29.0 1,054 1,940 57 60 39.5 30.2

Cooling Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Ducts for Cooling ............................ 2,733 47,755 55,881 17.5 5.6 855 850 63 50 24.5 3.3

 Cooling Only ................................. 355 8,283 9,312 23.3 6.6 889 1,000 63 50 32.5 7.0

 Heating and Cooling ..................... 2,378 39,472 46,568 16.6 5.4 848 833 63 50 23.5 3.4

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used ............................... 221 12,430 17,840 56.2 15.0 697 670 71 58 18.5 7.5

 Fan Coil Units

 for Cooling ..................................... 56 3,875 4,926 69.5 21.5 787 925 74 57 31.5 11.4

 Cooling Only ................................. 35 1,969 2,214 56.0 10.5 889 875 66 48 34.5 17.3

 Heating and Cooling ..................... 21 1,906 2,712 92.5 48.0 703 1,056 89 65 28.5 12.9

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................. 1,023 17,979 17,997 17.6 5.0 999 1,250 64 52 36.5 9.7

 Other .............................................. 111 2,919 3,591 26.2 5.9 813 1,050 71 55 27.5 12.8

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 2,509 39,221 46,381 15.6 4.8 846 1,071 63 50 32.5 4.9

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 4,065 62,074 69,543 15.3 5.0 893 1,000 62 50 27.5 3.8

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 206 8,336 16,556 40.4 8.5 503 1,000 78 60 24.5 12.5

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 354 17,570 20,068 49.7 14.0 875 1,325 68 53 19.5 8.7

 Other .............................................. 78 1,612 1,949 20.6 6.0 827 750 61 50 16.5 15.0

See footnotes at end of table.

32 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A1. Summary Table of Square Feet, Hours of Operation

 and Age of Building, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

(thousand)

Total

Floorspace

(million

square

feet)

Total

Workers

in All

Buildings

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per

Building

(thousand)

Median

Square

Feet per

Building

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet

per

Worker

Median

Square

Feet

per

Worker

Mean

Hours

per

Week

Median

Hours

per

Week

Median

Age of

Buildings

(years)

RSE

Row

1.0 1.1 1.5 1.1 -- 1.3 -- 0.5 -- -- Factor

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System ........................ 1,994 31,599 35,671 15.8 5.0 886 990 65 52 29.5 4.8

 Self-Heating Tank ........................ 1,799 24,464 25,936 13.6 4.8 943 970 63 51 28.5 5.4

 Heated by Space-Heating

 Equipment ................................... 103 3,722 4,871 36.2 7.5 764 963 67 52 35.5 12.4

 Other ............................................ 106 4,032 5,658 38.2 8.2 713 1,150 85 69 32.5 11.3

 Distributed System ......................... 1,557 29,502 34,002 18.9 5.9 868 933 65 52 27.5 7.1

 Residential-Type Storage

 Tank ............................................ 1,489 25,809 26,162 17.3 5.8 986 933 64 52 27.5 4.9

 Point-of-Use Heaters .................... 56 3,367 Q 59.7 9.0 Q 1,043 76 55 15.5 22.0

 Other ............................................ 24 1,259 1,793 52.8 23.0 702 1,100 100 79 25.5 15.0

Personal Computers and/or

Computer Terminals

 1 to 4 .............................................. 1,269 13,355 10,478 10.5 5.0 1,275 967 65 52 25.5 4.0

 5 to 9 .............................................. 336 5,970 6,120 17.7 7.5 975 610 60 49 20.5 5.5

 10 to 19 .......................................... 216 6,236 6,317 28.9 15.0 987 667 63 50 25.5 6.8

 20 to 49 .......................................... 164 7,439 8,008 45.4 23.8 929 713 60 49 26.5 7.0

 50 to 99 .......................................... 59 4,908 5,944 83.4 57.0 826 750 71 55 22.5 8.5

 100 to 249 ...................................... 34 4,220 7,588 125.3 80.0 556 530 72 59 23.5 9.8

 250 or More .................................... 19 5,569 16,609 293.7 186.0 335 368 83 66 14.5 14.5

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling

 Insulation ....................................... 3,343 50,311 58,933 15.0 4.8 854 1,000 61 50 24.5 4.3

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 33,240 38,937 14.3 4.6 854 938 61 50 20.5 3.8

 Storm or Multiple

 Glazing .......................................... 1,680 29,684 34,365 17.7 5.5 864 1,000 62 50 24.5 4.5

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ............................... 1,068 25,396 36,671 23.8 6.8 693 840 63 50 22.5 6.9

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings .................................... 1,853 34,071 43,073 18.4 5.4 791 800 63 50 27.5 4.0

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 28,937 30,613 13.7 4.6 945 1,100 56 48 33.5 6.4

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume

 System .......................................... 250 13,970 23,262 56.0 13.5 601 750 69 55 20.5 10.3

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 414 18,313 29,830 44.2 12.0 614 844 72 57 20.5 8.5

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 2,503 49,173 59,978 19.6 6.0 820 933 65 52 25.5 4.6

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 15,241 23,021 26.6 8.0 662 950 65 51 25.5 9.5

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ......................................... 74 3,072 3,439 41.5 7.3 893 1,429 93 84 25.5 10.9

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 3,629 6,852 61.4 10.8 530 800 73 50 25.5 10.2

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 12,104 19,096 35.7 8.2 634 950 72 56 24.5 12.3

 Manual Dimmer

 Switches ........................................ 413 12,329 20,507 29.8 8.0 601 1,000 69 57 28.5 9.8

 Other .............................................. 78 2,596 3,599 33.2 12.0 721 1,000 69 54 23.5 11.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 33
Table A1. Summary Table of Square Feet, Hours of Operation

 and Age of Building, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

(thousand)

Total

Floorspace

(million

square

feet)

Total

Workers

in All

Buildings

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet per

Building

(thousand)

Median

Square

Feet per

Building

(thousand)

Mean

Square

Feet

per

Worker

Median

Square

Feet

per

Worker

Mean

Hours

per

Week

Median

Hours

per

Week

Median

Age of

Buildings

(years)

RSE

Row

1.0 1.1 1.5 1.1 -- 1.3 -- 0.5 -- -- Factor

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 3,400 46,248 54,309 13.6 4.8 852 1,000 51 49 28.5 4.0

 Cooling ........................................... 2,872 42,768 51,968 14.9 5.0 823 929 53 49 28.5 4.2

 Hot Water ....................................... 578 9,966 11,822 17.2 5.6 843 1,000 51 48 30.5 5.3

 Lighting ........................................... 4,089 54,944 61,385 13.4 4.7 895 1,000 51 49 28.5 3.7

 Other .............................................. 547 7,996 9,843 14.6 4.8 812 833 58 50 23.5 7.9

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control

 System .......................................... 236 14,320 20,784 60.7 18.5 689 848 68 52 21.5 7.1

 Demand-Side

 Management

 Participation .................................. 315 11,310 19,265 35.9 9.0 587 1,000 70 55 26.5 9.6

 Energy Audit ................................... 521 14,779 18,789 28.3 7.2 787 875 69 54 28.5 5.5

 Building Energy

 Manager ........................................ 49 2,311 3,547 46.8 8.1 651 983 69 50 28.5 15.8

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

-- = Data not applicable.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

34 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A2. Census Region, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

0.6 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.6 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 771 1,202 1,963 870 67,876 13,400 17,280 24,577 12,619 6.3

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 383 676 1,171 451 7,327 1,074 1,889 3,155 1,208 9.7

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 180 241 370 184 7,199 1,337 1,763 2,723 1,376 7.6

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 109 163 239 136 10,375 1,663 2,689 3,782 2,241 8.5

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 54 66 106 56 10,069 1,976 2,353 3,696 2,043 10.3

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 25 29 41 20 8,062 1,752 2,097 2,842 1,371 11.5

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 12 15 26 18 9,678 1,598 2,048 3,720 2,311 14.0

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 5 10 6 5 7,889 1,696 2,839 1,968 1,386 15.2

 Over 500,000 ................................. 92241 7,278 2,303 1,601 2,691 683 32.0

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 38 46 112 104 8,470 1,968 2,386 2,620 1,496 12.7

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q 29 57 32 757 Q 182 245 209 21.8

 Food Service ................................. 260 54 73 83 50 1,491 445 432 407 208 14.7

 Health Care .................................... 63 12 14 15 23 1,763 386 487 597 292 22.1

 Lodging .......................................... 154 31 26 56 41 2,891 616 577 1,043 654 18.7

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 246 329 510 187 12,402 2,798 3,156 4,233 2,214 10.6

 Office .............................................. 749 126 170 299 154 12,319 2,525 2,804 4,152 2,838 10.2

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 5 11 2 5 1,652 Q Q Q 272 37.9

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 40 76 120 43 4,556 777 861 2,269 649 17.9

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 16 Q 24 Q 820 269 Q 238 Q 28.5

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 30 86 194 56 3,747 452 1,137 1,366 792 18.2

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 109 233 316 103 11,484 1,763 3,108 4,964 1,649 14.5

 Other .............................................. 69 16 18 21 15 1,130 199 301 383 248 26.6

 Vacant ............................................ 319 36 80 153 50 4,396 708 1,043 1,604 1,041 17.5

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 52 78 26 Q 1,721 676 720 167 Q 20.7

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 62 105 66 22 3,608 1,052 1,246 788 522 21.5

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 166 193 257 109 8,712 2,655 2,296 2,646 1,115 13.2

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 124 208 368 179 10,421 2,070 2,629 3,898 1,825 11.3

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 122 174 324 163 12,612 2,485 2,652 4,914 2,562 12.0

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 118 248 426 190 14,014 2,123 4,086 4,940 2,865 10.0

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 112 158 444 170 14,287 2,053 2,982 6,317 2,934 12.2

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 14 38 51 25 2,502 286 670 906 639 21.0

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 755 1,139 1,876 845 66,549 13,235 16,914 23,985 12,415 6.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 370 847 888 560 45,097 8,559 13,838 13,408 9,292 7.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 284 79 182 14 13,218 5,535 2,541 3,582 1,559 12.6

 District Heat .................................... 95 23 24 28 21 5,339 1,560 1,884 983 912 18.2

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 2 7 10 9 2,066 302 684 659 421 28.3

 Propane .......................................... 337 71 80 153 Q 3,393 1,041 579 1,514 260 20.3

 Any Other ....................................... 163 33 46 62 23 1,551 444 254 446 407 23.9

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 694 1,047 1,687 750 61,996 12,858 16,303 21,659 11,176 6.4

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 521 784 1,569 627 57,041 11,158 14,383 21,205 10,296 6.6

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 625 906 1,307 664 58,479 12,410 15,460 19,592 11,017 6.5

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 142 201 257 134 23,065 5,740 5,800 7,768 3,757 9.5

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 26 38 37 19 3,174 756 895 1,039 484 21.7

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ......................................... 3,115 503 759 1,261 592 48,585 9,981 12,914 17,174 8,517 7.1

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 764 176 198 257 133 3,873 1,008 1,017 1,052 796 12.3

 Metal Panels .................................. 745 68 215 372 90 7,392 930 1,774 3,900 789 15.2

 Concrete Panels ............................. 87 6 12 36 34 4,961 1,003 741 1,461 1,755 22.3

 Window Glass ................................ 46 12 Q 18 8 2,028 372 524 709 423 25.3

 Other .............................................. 47 6 9 19 13 1,037 106 310 281 Q 32.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 35
Table A2. Census Region, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

0.6 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.6 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up .......................................... 1,642 226 346 665 405 30,257 4,889 6,375 11,653 7,341 8.6

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 1,381 278 369 532 202 10,570 2,434 3,213 3,168 1,755 9.6

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 1,037 106 269 537 126 9,019 853 2,064 5,098 1,004 13.2

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 386 100 152 98 35 11,702 3,757 4,318 2,615 1,012 11.1

 Slate or Tile .................................... 155 40 23 45 47 1,998 526 385 577 511 20.5

 Concrete ......................................... 37 2 5 20 9 2,544 556 Q 917 506 33.8

 Other .............................................. 167 19 38 65 46 1,786 384 361 551 490 22.5

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 329 634 1,456 588 25,424 2,834 5,146 12,892 4,552 10.0

 Two ................................................ 1,154 213 361 387 193 18,025 3,564 5,153 5,660 3,649 8.2

 Three .............................................. 446 153 158 84 51 9,877 2,807 3,042 2,255 1,772 11.7

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 72 47 33 35 10,377 2,847 2,989 2,714 1,827 15.7

 Ten or More .................................... 134334 4,173 1,348 950 1,056 819 25.5

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 646 1,082 1,754 710 51,356 8,988 13,026 20,229 9,113 7.1

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 94 95 169 132 11,815 3,478 2,852 2,872 2,613 10.3

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 25 23 24 21 3,206 701 932 943 630 20.6

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 5 2 15 7 1,499 232 470 534 263 27.9

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 404 721 1,180 412 17,944 2,708 4,747 7,676 2,813 10.3

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 148 218 341 189 7,524 1,328 1,867 3,013 1,316 9.0

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 95 122 222 122 8,077 1,367 1,871 3,266 1,573 12.2

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 77 87 147 94 10,556 2,014 2,521 3,818 2,204 10.1

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 29 31 43 27 7,763 1,899 2,002 2,286 1,577 13.6

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 10 17 20 17 7,378 1,378 2,467 1,984 1,549 15.1

 250 or More .................................... 317699 8,633 2,707 1,805 2,535 1,586 15.1

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 123 314 486 116 8,246 1,400 2,454 3,278 1,114 12.3

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 191 294 541 252 14,998 2,272 3,446 6,543 2,738 9.2

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 184 231 395 193 14,046 2,622 3,474 5,002 2,948 8.7

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 129 170 220 127 12,062 2,578 3,212 3,795 2,477 10.3

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 83 127 167 101 8,467 2,486 2,217 1,938 1,826 12.9

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 61 65 154 82 10,057 2,042 2,477 4,021 1,517 14.7

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent ................................... 362 86 87 114 76 12,420 3,021 3,501 3,609 2,289 11.6

 51-99 Percent ................................. 97 8 24 47 18 2,263 508 441 792 521 25.4

 100 Percent .................................... 398 44 101 177 76 4,109 752 946 1,377 1,034 15.8

 None ............................................... 3,948 633 990 1,625 700 49,085 9,120 12,392 18,799 8,775 6.9

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 683 1,070 1,729 725 52,752 9,978 13,127 19,480 10,167 6.3

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 552 844 1,267 529 38,403 7,311 10,421 13,503 7,168 6.3

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 112 173 361 171 12,273 2,350 2,211 5,177 2,534 13.2

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 19 53 101 24 2,077 316 495 800 465 21.6

 Government Owned ....................... 599 88 132 234 146 15,124 3,422 4,153 5,097 2,452 12.0

Number of Establishments

 One ................................................ 3,886 617 977 1,605 687 47,997 8,913 12,266 18,409 8,409 7.5

 2 to 5 .............................................. 517 104 134 171 107 7,882 1,809 1,831 2,396 1,845 12.7

 6 to 10 ............................................ 89 16 16 31 26 2,562 432 563 877 689 19.7

 11 to 20 .......................................... 49 6 9 21 14 2,039 355 519 821 345 28.1

 More than 20 .................................. 36 6 5 19 6 4,938 1,558 1,401 1,170 809 25.5

 Currently Unoccupied ..................... 229 22 60 116 30 2,457 333 699 904 521 22.1

See footnotes at end of table.

36 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A2. Census Region, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

0.6 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.6 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 77 168 280 128 6,211 646 1,120 2,983 1,460 15.2

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 98 163 298 128 11,195 2,479 2,034 4,414 2,268 13.4

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 111 143 229 135 10,211 2,114 2,249 3,107 2,740 10.9

 100 ................................................. 2,846 484 727 1,155 480 40,260 8,161 11,876 14,073 6,151 6.8

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 250 417 394 243 10,835 2,242 2,898 3,372 2,323 11.2

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 241 287 486 161 21,715 5,640 6,318 6,482 3,275 8.8

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 125 170 244 119 13,872 3,049 3,825 4,097 2,902 10.7

 100 ................................................. 1,668 155 327 839 347 21,454 2,469 4,240 10,627 4,118 9.2

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 46 138 178 51 3,280 454 1,031 1,193 601 19.2

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 170 245 344 123 9,980 1,763 2,771 3,759 1,688 11.0

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 171 210 283 148 14,224 3,098 3,914 4,613 2,599 11.1

 100 ................................................. 2,699 384 609 1,158 549 40,393 8,085 9,565 15,013 7,731 7.3

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 449 41 28 280 99 8,269 1,328 1,324 3,632 1,985 15.4

 Furnaces ........................................ 1,692 290 592 557 252 16,909 3,268 5,579 4,971 3,092 9.2

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 218 376 626 245 22,380 4,907 6,187 7,642 3,643 9.4

 District Heat .................................... 93 23 23 27 20 5,225 1,553 1,869 927 875 18.3

 Boilers ............................................ 624 260 188 111 65 20,664 6,192 6,478 5,404 2,590 10.3

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 870 86 121 440 223 16,000 2,890 3,033 6,440 3,637 11.4

 Other .............................................. 42 12 11 15 Q 903 180 205 309 Q 31.6

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 816 97 275 363 82 9,021 1,508 2,968 3,455 1,091 11.7

 Heat Pumps ................................... 454 43 29 285 96 8,406 1,286 1,416 3,745 1,959 14.8

 Individual Air Conditioners ............. 1,023 269 229 433 92 17,979 5,806 4,723 5,683 1,767 11.4

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 2 7 10 9 2,066 302 684 659 421 28.3

 Central Chillers ............................... 142 28 31 58 25 12,991 2,519 3,163 4,854 2,456 14.5

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ............................................... 1,459 208 331 610 310 27,830 5,879 6,564 10,058 5,329 8.2

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 179 Q Q 39 129 2,085 Q Q 335 1,546 28.1

 Other .............................................. 8 Q Q Q Q 268 Q Q Q Q 68.4

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 3,343 531 851 1,356 605 50,311 9,893 12,918 18,108 9,392 6.6

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 376 584 960 401 33,240 6,633 8,184 12,175 6,248 7.7

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 1,680 420 616 448 195 29,684 8,075 9,885 8,380 3,344 9.2

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass .............................................. 1,068 115 235 451 266 25,396 4,184 6,540 8,899 5,774 9.9

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ..................................... 1,853 279 427 741 406 34,071 6,436 8,376 12,210 7,049 8.1

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 451 541 756 371 28,937 7,706 8,117 8,838 4,276 8.5

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System .......... 250 46 68 59 77 13,970 3,147 4,172 3,744 2,907 13.4

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 414 64 126 120 105 18,313 4,110 5,571 5,179 3,453 11.8

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 2,503 495 596 944 467 49,173 10,634 12,737 16,505 9,297 7.0

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 37
Table A2. Census Region, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

0.6 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.6 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 114 141 202 116 15,241 3,837 4,017 4,249 3,138 11.9

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 74 12 23 20 20 3,072 626 1,211 569 666 19.7

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 8 16 7 28 3,629 874 743 764 1,247 18.1

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 74 73 93 100 12,104 2,684 2,392 3,766 3,262 13.9

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 413 81 120 117 96 12,329 3,027 3,777 2,996 2,529 12.6

 Other .............................................. 78 21 16 12 29 2,596 617 704 440 836 20.3

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............ 4,357 711 1,097 1,737 812 64,403 12,891 16,619 22,659 12,234 6.5

 Building Shell ................................. 4,223 693 1,076 1,667 787 62,056 12,612 16,031 21,758 11,655 6.6

 HVAC ............................................. 2,604 504 626 980 494 50,281 10,840 13,100 16,864 9,477 6.8

 Lighting ........................................... 1,178 241 295 375 268 29,453 6,727 7,790 8,307 6,628 8.7

 Other .............................................. 264 57 67 85 55 5,952 1,626 1,575 1,757 993 14.2

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control System ........................ 236 38 68 71 59 14,320 2,474 4,359 4,506 2,981 13.0

 Demand-Side Management

 Participation ................................... 315 99 68 72 75 11,310 3,436 3,279 2,600 1,994 12.9

 Energy Audit ................................... 521 132 122 157 110 14,779 4,136 3,944 3,810 2,890 10.2

 Building Energy Manager ............... 49 8 11 14 16 2,311 340 647 966 359 25.3

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 36 13896 1,079 198 447 273 161 29.4

 HVAC Program .............................. 154 30 33 49 41 6,370 1,386 1,988 1,777 1,220 14.6

 Lighting Program ............................ 228 85 49 44 50 8,805 3,014 2,620 1,740 1,431 15.4

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 110 31 27 33 19 6,176 1,801 1,819 1,648 908 18.0

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

38 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A3. Census Region, Percent of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Percent of Buildings Percent of Floorspace

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

-- 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.2 -- 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.1

All Buildings ................................... 100.0 16.0 25.0 40.8 18.1 100.0 19.7 25.5 36.2 18.6 6.3

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 100.0 14.3 25.2 43.7 16.8 100.0 14.7 25.8 43.1 16.5 10.0

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 100.0 18.5 24.7 37.9 18.9 100.0 18.6 24.5 37.8 19.1 8.3

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 100.0 16.9 25.3 36.9 21.0 100.0 16.0 25.9 36.4 21.6 8.5

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 100.0 19.2 23.4 37.7 19.8 100.0 19.6 23.4 36.7 20.3 9.8

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 100.0 21.4 25.4 35.5 17.7 100.0 21.7 26.0 35.3 17.0 11.1

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 100.0 16.4 20.9 37.0 25.7 100.0 16.5 21.2 38.4 23.9 13.8

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 100.0 20.5 37.6 24.4 17.4 100.0 21.5 36.0 24.9 17.6 13.2

 Over 500,000 ................................. 100.0 26.0 20.5 44.5 9.1 100.0 31.6 22.0 37.0 9.4 33.0

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 100.0 12.5 15.3 37.4 34.8 100.0 23.2 28.2 30.9 17.7 12.7

 Food Sales ..................................... 100.0 Q 22.0 44.0 24.5 100.0 Q 24.1 32.4 27.6 19.7

 Food Service ................................. 100.0 20.7 28.2 31.9 19.1 100.0 29.8 28.9 27.3 13.9 14.7

 Health Care .................................... 100.0 18.7 22.5 23.0 35.7 100.0 21.9 27.6 33.9 16.6 22.6

 Lodging .......................................... 100.0 20.0 17.0 36.7 26.4 100.0 21.3 20.0 36.1 22.6 17.9

 Mercantile and Service ................... 100.0 19.4 25.8 40.1 14.7 100.0 22.6 25.4 34.1 17.9 10.6

 Office .............................................. 100.0 16.8 22.6 40.0 20.6 100.0 20.5 22.8 33.7 23.0 10.3

 Parking Garage .............................. 100.0 20.5 48.1 8.4 23.0 100.0 Q 33.4 Q 16.4 38.8

 Public Assembly ............................. 100.0 14.3 27.2 43.0 15.5 100.0 17.1 18.9 49.8 14.2 21.0

 Public Order and Safety ................. 100.0 26.5 Q 40.8 Q 100.0 32.8 Q 29.1 Q 25.8

 Religious Worship .......................... 100.0 8.3 23.6 52.9 15.2 100.0 12.1 30.4 36.4 21.1 17.2

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 100.0 14.4 30.6 41.5 13.5 100.0 15.4 27.1 43.2 14.4 15.1

 Other .............................................. 100.0 22.7 26.1 29.9 21.3 100.0 17.6 26.6 33.9 21.9 27.5

 Vacant ............................................ 100.0 11.3 24.9 48.1 15.6 100.0 16.1 23.7 36.5 23.7 16.9

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 100.0 31.0 46.1 15.7 Q 100.0 39.3 41.9 9.7 Q 19.5

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 100.0 24.4 41.2 25.9 8.5 100.0 29.2 34.5 21.8 14.5 21.3

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 100.0 22.9 26.6 35.5 15.0 100.0 30.5 26.4 30.4 12.8 13.0

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 100.0 14.1 23.6 41.9 20.4 100.0 19.9 25.2 37.4 17.5 11.4

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 100.0 15.6 22.2 41.4 20.8 100.0 19.7 21.0 39.0 20.3 12.3

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 100.0 12.0 25.3 43.4 19.3 100.0 15.2 29.2 35.2 20.4 9.8

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 100.0 12.7 17.9 50.2 19.3 100.0 14.4 20.9 44.2 20.5 12.5

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 100.0 11.0 29.7 39.7 19.6 100.0 11.4 26.8 36.2 25.6 20.9

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 100.0 16.4 24.7 40.7 18.3 100.0 19.9 25.4 36.0 18.7 6.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 100.0 13.9 31.8 33.3 21.0 100.0 19.0 30.7 29.7 20.6 7.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 100.0 50.8 14.2 32.6 2.4 100.0 41.9 19.2 27.1 11.8 12.3

 District Heat .................................... 100.0 24.5 24.8 28.9 21.9 100.0 29.2 35.3 18.4 17.1 18.6

 District Chilled Water ...................... 100.0 7.3 25.1 36.2 31.4 100.0 14.6 33.1 31.9 20.4 28.9

 Propane .......................................... 100.0 21.2 23.8 45.5 Q 100.0 30.7 17.1 44.6 7.6 19.9

 Any Other ....................................... 100.0 20.0 27.9 38.3 13.9 100.0 28.6 16.4 28.7 26.2 24.5

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 100.0 16.6 25.1 40.4 17.9 100.0 20.7 26.3 34.9 18.0 6.3

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 100.0 14.9 22.4 44.8 17.9 100.0 19.6 25.2 37.2 18.0 6.5

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 100.0 17.9 25.9 37.3 19.0 100.0 21.2 26.4 33.5 18.8 6.4

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 100.0 19.4 27.4 35.0 18.3 100.0 24.9 25.1 33.7 16.3 9.7

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 100.0 21.5 31.6 31.0 15.9 100.0 23.8 28.2 32.7 15.3 22.3

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ......................................... 100.0 16.1 24.4 40.5 19.0 100.0 20.5 26.6 35.3 17.5 7.1

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 100.0 23.1 25.9 33.6 17.4 100.0 26.0 26.3 27.2 20.5 12.6

 Metal Panels .................................. 100.0 9.1 28.8 49.9 12.1 100.0 12.6 24.0 52.8 10.7 15.6

 Concrete Panels ............................. 100.0 6.8 13.8 40.8 38.6 100.0 20.2 14.9 29.5 35.4 22.5

 Window Glass ................................ 100.0 25.3 19.3 38.6 16.7 100.0 18.3 25.8 35.0 20.9 27.0

 Other .............................................. 100.0 12.1 18.9 41.4 27.7 100.0 10.2 29.9 27.1 32.8 35.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 39
Table A3. Census Region, Percent of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Percent of Buildings Percent of Floorspace

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

-- 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.2 -- 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.1

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up .......................................... 100.0 13.8 21.1 40.5 24.7 100.0 16.2 21.1 38.5 24.3 8.7

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 100.0 20.1 26.7 38.5 14.6 100.0 23.0 30.4 30.0 16.6 9.4

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 100.0 10.2 25.9 51.8 12.1 100.0 9.5 22.9 56.5 11.1 13.6

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 100.0 25.9 39.5 25.4 9.1 100.0 32.1 36.9 22.3 8.6 11.1

 Slate or Tile .................................... 100.0 25.9 14.6 29.0 30.5 100.0 26.3 19.3 28.9 25.6 20.6

 Concrete ......................................... 100.0 5.1 14.7 55.1 25.1 100.0 21.9 22.2 36.0 19.9 34.2

 Other .............................................. 100.0 11.3 22.7 38.7 27.3 100.0 21.5 20.2 30.9 27.4 22.2

Floors

 One ................................................ 100.0 10.9 21.1 48.4 19.6 100.0 11.1 20.2 50.7 17.9 10.1

 Two ................................................ 100.0 18.5 31.3 33.5 16.8 100.0 19.8 28.6 31.4 20.2 8.5

 Three .............................................. 100.0 34.4 35.4 18.8 11.4 100.0 28.4 30.8 22.8 17.9 12.2

 Four to Nine ................................... 100.0 38.4 25.1 17.9 18.6 100.0 27.4 28.8 26.2 17.6 15.5

 Ten or More .................................... 100.0 30.6 19.3 22.9 27.1 100.0 32.3 22.8 25.3 19.6 24.6

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 100.0 15.4 25.8 41.8 16.9 100.0 17.5 25.4 39.4 17.7 7.2

 26 to 50 .......................................... 100.0 19.2 19.4 34.5 26.9 100.0 29.4 24.1 24.3 22.1 10.8

 51 to 75 .......................................... 100.0 27.1 24.1 26.0 22.8 100.0 21.9 29.1 29.4 19.7 21.2

 76 to 100 ........................................ 100.0 15.8 6.8 52.9 24.4 100.0 15.5 31.3 35.6 17.6 27.1

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 100.0 14.9 26.5 43.4 15.2 100.0 15.1 26.5 42.8 15.7 9.9

 5 to 9 .............................................. 100.0 16.5 24.3 38.1 21.1 100.0 17.7 24.8 40.0 17.5 9.2

 10 to 19 .......................................... 100.0 16.9 21.7 39.6 21.8 100.0 16.9 23.2 40.4 19.5 12.3

 20 to 49 .......................................... 100.0 19.0 21.4 36.3 23.3 100.0 19.1 23.9 36.2 20.9 9.9

 50 to 99 .......................................... 100.0 22.3 24.0 33.2 20.5 100.0 24.5 25.8 29.4 20.3 13.0

 100 to 249 ...................................... 100.0 16.0 25.7 31.1 27.1 100.0 18.7 33.4 26.9 21.0 14.4

 250 or More .................................... 100.0 23.7 20.1 29.0 27.3 100.0 31.4 20.9 29.4 18.4 15.9

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 100.0 11.9 30.2 46.7 11.2 100.0 17.0 29.8 39.8 13.5 12.2

 40 to 48 .......................................... 100.0 14.9 23.0 42.3 19.7 100.0 15.1 23.0 43.6 18.3 9.3

 49 to 60 .......................................... 100.0 18.3 23.1 39.4 19.2 100.0 18.7 24.7 35.6 21.0 8.7

 61 to 84 .......................................... 100.0 20.0 26.3 34.1 19.6 100.0 21.4 26.6 31.5 20.5 10.5

 85 to 167 ........................................ 100.0 17.4 26.6 34.9 21.0 100.0 29.4 26.2 22.9 21.6 13.6

 Open Continuously ......................... 100.0 16.8 18.0 42.6 22.6 100.0 20.3 24.6 40.0 15.1 15.1

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent ................................... 100.0 23.7 24.0 31.4 20.9 100.0 24.3 28.2 29.1 18.4 11.7

 51-99 Percent ................................. 100.0 8.3 25.1 48.4 18.2 100.0 22.4 19.5 35.0 23.0 23.8

 100 Percent .................................... 100.0 11.0 25.4 44.5 19.2 100.0 18.3 23.0 33.5 25.2 15.6

 None ............................................... 100.0 16.0 25.1 41.2 17.7 100.0 18.6 25.2 38.3 17.9 6.9

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 100.0 16.2 25.4 41.1 17.2 100.0 18.9 24.9 36.9 19.3 6.3

 Owner Occupied .......................... 100.0 17.3 26.4 39.7 16.6 100.0 19.0 27.1 35.2 18.7 6.4

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 100.0 13.7 21.2 44.2 20.9 100.0 19.2 18.0 42.2 20.6 13.9

 Unoccupied .................................. 100.0 9.6 27.1 51.1 12.2 100.0 15.2 23.9 38.5 22.4 22.4

 Government Owned ....................... 100.0 14.7 22.0 39.0 24.3 100.0 22.6 27.5 33.7 16.2 12.2

Number of Establishments

 One ................................................ 100.0 15.9 25.2 41.3 17.7 100.0 18.6 25.6 38.4 17.5 7.3

 2 to 5 .............................................. 100.0 20.1 26.0 33.1 20.8 100.0 23.0 23.2 30.4 23.4 12.9

 6 to 10 ............................................ 100.0 18.4 17.7 34.9 29.0 100.0 16.9 22.0 34.2 26.9 20.8

 11 to 20 .......................................... 100.0 11.4 17.9 41.9 28.8 100.0 17.4 25.4 40.2 16.9 28.3

 More than 20 .................................. 100.0 16.5 15.2 52.2 16.1 100.0 31.5 28.4 23.7 16.4 24.1

 Currently Unoccupied ..................... 100.0 9.7 26.2 50.9 13.2 100.0 13.5 28.4 36.8 21.2 22.8

See footnotes at end of table.

40 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A3. Census Region, Percent of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Percent of Buildings Percent of Floorspace

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

-- 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.2 -- 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.1

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 100.0 11.8 25.8 42.9 19.5 100.0 10.4 18.0 48.0 23.5 15.7

 1 to 50 ............................................ 100.0 14.3 23.7 43.4 18.6 100.0 22.1 18.2 39.4 20.3 14.1

 51 to 99 .......................................... 100.0 18.0 23.2 37.1 21.8 100.0 20.7 22.0 30.4 26.8 10.9

 100 ................................................. 100.0 17.0 25.5 40.6 16.9 100.0 20.3 29.5 35.0 15.3 7.0

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 100.0 19.1 32.0 30.2 18.6 100.0 20.7 26.7 31.1 21.4 11.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 100.0 20.5 24.4 41.3 13.7 100.0 26.0 29.1 29.8 15.1 8.9

 51 to 99 .......................................... 100.0 19.0 25.9 37.0 18.1 100.0 22.0 27.6 29.5 20.9 10.8

 100 ................................................. 100.0 9.3 19.6 50.3 20.8 100.0 11.5 19.8 49.5 19.2 9.2

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 100.0 11.2 33.3 43.2 12.2 100.0 13.9 31.4 36.4 18.3 19.6

 1 to 50 ............................................ 100.0 19.3 27.8 39.0 13.9 100.0 17.7 27.8 37.7 16.9 11.2

 51 to 99 .......................................... 100.0 21.1 25.8 34.8 18.3 100.0 21.8 27.5 32.4 18.3 11.7

 100 ................................................. 100.0 14.2 22.6 42.9 20.3 100.0 20.0 23.7 37.2 19.1 6.9

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 100.0 9.2 6.2 62.4 22.1 100.0 16.1 16.0 43.9 24.0 15.7

 Furnaces ........................................ 100.0 17.2 35.0 33.0 14.9 100.0 19.3 33.0 29.4 18.3 9.7

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 100.0 14.9 25.7 42.7 16.8 100.0 21.9 27.6 34.1 16.3 9.5

 District Heat .................................... 100.0 24.9 25.1 28.5 21.5 100.0 29.7 35.8 17.7 16.8 18.7

 Boilers ............................................ 100.0 41.8 30.2 17.7 10.4 100.0 30.0 31.3 26.2 12.5 11.1

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 100.0 9.9 13.9 50.5 25.6 100.0 18.1 19.0 40.3 22.7 11.2

 Other .............................................. 100.0 27.7 25.3 35.3 Q 100.0 20.0 22.7 34.2 Q 30.6

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central Air

 Conditioners .................................. 100.0 11.9 33.7 44.4 10.1 100.0 16.7 32.9 38.3 12.1 11.9

 Heat Pumps ................................... 100.0 9.5 6.5 62.8 21.3 100.0 15.3 16.8 44.5 23.3 15.2

 Individual Air Conditioners ............. 100.0 26.3 22.4 42.3 9.0 100.0 32.3 26.3 31.6 9.8 11.7

 District Chilled Water ...................... 100.0 7.3 25.1 36.2 31.4 100.0 14.6 33.1 31.9 20.4 28.9

 Central Chillers ............................... 100.0 19.7 22.0 40.6 17.7 100.0 19.4 24.3 37.4 18.9 14.9

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units .............................................. 100.0 14.2 22.7 41.8 21.2 100.0 21.1 23.6 36.1 19.1 8.2

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 100.0 Q Q 21.6 71.9 100.0 Q Q 16.1 74.1 19.7

 Other .............................................. 100.0 Q Q Q Q 100.0 Q Q Q Q 100.0

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 100.0 15.9 25.5 40.5 18.1 100.0 19.7 25.7 36.0 18.7 6.8

 Wall Insulation ................................ 100.0 16.2 25.2 41.4 17.3 100.0 20.0 24.6 36.6 18.8 7.9

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 100.0 25.0 36.7 26.7 11.6 100.0 27.2 33.3 28.2 11.3 9.5

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass ............................................. 100.0 10.8 22.0 42.2 24.9 100.0 16.5 25.8 35.0 22.7 9.4

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings .................................... 100.0 15.1 23.1 40.0 21.9 100.0 18.9 24.6 35.8 20.7 8.4

 Windows that Open ........................ 100.0 21.3 25.5 35.7 17.5 100.0 26.6 28.1 30.5 14.8 8.6

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System .......... 100.0 18.3 27.4 23.6 30.8 100.0 22.5 29.9 26.8 20.8 13.7

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 100.0 15.3 30.5 28.9 25.2 100.0 22.4 30.4 28.3 18.9 12.2

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 100.0 19.8 23.8 37.7 18.7 100.0 21.6 25.9 33.6 18.9 6.9

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 41
Table A3. Census Region, Percent of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Percent of Buildings Percent of Floorspace

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

-- 1.1 1.0 0.8 1.2 -- 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.1

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 100.0 19.9 24.6 35.2 20.2 100.0 25.2 26.4 27.9 20.6 11.7

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ......................................... 100.0 16.8 30.4 26.4 26.4 100.0 20.4 39.4 18.5 21.7 19.3

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 100.0 13.4 27.5 11.4 47.8 100.0 24.1 20.5 21.1 34.4 19.1

 Time Clock ..................................... 100.0 21.8 21.4 27.3 29.4 100.0 22.2 19.8 31.1 27.0 14.6

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 100.0 19.5 29.0 28.4 23.1 100.0 24.5 30.6 24.3 20.5 12.5

 Other .............................................. 100.0 26.9 20.5 14.9 37.7 100.0 23.7 27.1 16.9 32.2 20.2

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............ 100.0 16.3 25.2 39.9 18.6 100.0 20.0 25.8 35.2 19.0 6.5

 Building Shell ................................. 100.0 16.4 25.5 39.5 18.6 100.0 20.3 25.8 35.1 18.8 6.6

 HVAC ............................................. 100.0 19.4 24.0 37.6 19.0 100.0 21.6 26.1 33.5 18.8 6.7

 Lighting ........................................... 100.0 20.4 25.0 31.8 22.7 100.0 22.8 26.4 28.2 22.5 9.0

 Other .............................................. 100.0 21.6 25.6 32.1 20.7 100.0 27.3 26.5 29.5 16.7 13.9

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control

 System .......................................... 100.0 16.3 28.8 29.9 24.9 100.0 17.3 30.4 31.5 20.8 12.7

 Demand-Side Management

 Participation .................................. 100.0 31.4 21.7 23.0 23.9 100.0 30.4 29.0 23.0 17.6 13.1

 Energy Audit ................................... 100.0 25.4 23.3 30.1 21.2 100.0 28.0 26.7 25.8 19.6 9.9

 Building Energy Manager ............... 100.0 15.5 23.0 28.8 32.7 100.0 14.7 28.0 41.8 15.5 24.7

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 100.0 35.9 23.4 23.7 17.0 100.0 18.3 41.4 25.3 14.9 29.6

 HVAC Program .............................. 100.0 19.8 21.6 31.9 26.7 100.0 21.8 31.2 27.9 19.1 14.2

 Lighting Program ............................ 100.0 37.2 21.6 19.4 21.9 100.0 34.2 29.8 19.8 16.3 15.5

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 100.0 28.1 24.3 30.1 17.5 100.0 29.2 29.5 26.7 14.7 17.8

-- = Data not applicable.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

42 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.3 1.7 1.0 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.5 0.9

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 186 585 749 453 755 454 754 297 574 13.0

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 87 297 422 254 431 249 490 166 285 16.1

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 50 129 149 92 138 97 135 51 133 14.7

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 22 88 104 59 99 63 76 49 87 15.3

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 14 40 37 29 51 29 26 20 35 17.6

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 9 16 22 8 18 8 14 5 16 17.6

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 3 8 9 6 13 7 7 4 14 23.9

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 (*) 5 5 4 4 1 2 1 4 25.3

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 Q 2 1 1 1 Q Q Q 1 44.0

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 12 26 26 20 40 19 54 22 82 21.6

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 38.4

 Food Service ................................. 260 Q 45 48 Q 39 Q 34 Q 38 20.6

 Health Care .................................... 63 Q 9 8 Q Q Q Q Q 19 37.5

 Lodging .......................................... 154 Q 21 11 15 29 17 11 13 28 30.5

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 55 191 216 113 177 137 196 63 124 14.2

 Office .............................................. 749 42 84 116 53 113 78 108 52 102 18.0

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 Q Q Q Q 2 Q Q Q 2 56.8

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 11 29 44 32 53 17 49 17 26 22.3

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q 16 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 32.9

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 Q 22 47 39 86 Q 65 23 33 23.8

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 18 91 142 91 116 83 117 48 54 22.5

 Other .............................................. 69 Q 13 Q 11 11 Q Q Q Q 43.8

 Vacant ............................................ 319 Q 29 53 27 47 35 72 Q 31 24.0

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 10 42 52 26 Q Q Q Q Q 27.4

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 22 41 67 38 21 Q 26 Q Q 27.4

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 36 130 125 68 98 59 100 35 74 21.2

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 37 87 134 74 127 70 172 48 131 16.6

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 23 99 111 63 140 74 111 52 110 17.0

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 29 89 167 81 158 110 158 64 126 17.3

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 25 87 75 83 175 99 169 69 101 17.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 Q 9 18 20 26 16 9 4 21 35.2

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 186 569 723 416 736 428 712 283 562 12.8

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 63 307 561 287 188 224 476 198 362 15.3

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 104 180 59 20 130 35 17 3 11 23.3

 District Heat .................................... 95 6 18 10 13 16 5 7 9 12 27.6

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q 2 1 6 6 Q 3 Q 7 41.2

 Propane .......................................... 337 Q 45 33 Q 101 38 Q Q Q 31.4

 Any Other ....................................... 163 Q 24 24 Q 40 Q Q Q 19 32.7

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 182 513 662 385 657 404 626 255 495 12.7

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 128 393 478 307 596 369 604 221 407 12.4

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 162 464 577 329 509 316 482 222 442 12.6

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 36 106 132 69 105 56 96 32 102 16.4

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 13 13 21 Q 14 Q 19 Q 13 29.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 43
Table A4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.3 1.7 1.0 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.5 0.9

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ......................................... 3,115 116 387 498 262 524 296 441 210 383 12.5

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 764 48 129 122 76 104 49 104 27 105 20.8

 Metal Panels .................................. 745 Q 55 113 102 101 96 175 Q 45 23.3

 Concrete Panels ............................. 87 Q 5 5 7 Q Q 22 8 26 27.6

 Window Glass ................................ 46 Q Q Q Q Q Q 5 Q 7 38.7

 Other .............................................. 47 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 57.0

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up .......................................... 1,642 57 170 229 117 256 143 266 134 272 13.3

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 1,381 76 202 245 124 232 133 166 63 139 16.3

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 1,037 Q 89 135 133 162 125 250 Q 68 21.9

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 386 28 72 112 41 46 25 27 11 25 18.9

 Slate or Tile .................................... 155 8 32 12 Q 21 Q Q Q 38 27.9

 Concrete ......................................... 37 Q 2 4 Q 15 Q Q Q 6 53.5

 Other .............................................. 167 Q 18 Q 26 23 Q 26 Q 26 33.2

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 70 259 381 253 518 312 625 198 390 16.3

 Two ................................................ 1,154 54 160 226 134 172 113 102 65 129 13.9

 Three .............................................. 446 39 115 113 45 44 21 19 16 34 22.5

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 23 48 27 20 19 7 Q 16 18 25.3

 Ten or More .................................... 13 Q 3 2 Q Q Q Q Q 3 35.4

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 147 499 660 422 679 392 683 258 452 13.5

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 27 67 68 28 60 50 59 33 98 17.0

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 11 15 20 Q 9 Q Q Q 19 31.8

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 Q 3 2 Q 8 Q Q Q 4 42.1

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 76 328 447 275 448 247 485 155 257 16.1

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 44 104 148 69 117 78 145 63 125 15.4

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 27 67 66 56 90 73 60 36 87 18.2

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 23 54 54 33 61 41 45 27 67 16.4

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 10 19 20 12 23 9 11 8 18 19.9

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 3 7 11 6 10 5 5 4 13 22.0

 250 or More .................................... 31 2 6 4 3 6 1 2Q 6 23.6

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 16 107 176 138 185 93 208 46 70 20.7

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 52 139 198 96 183 151 207 86 166 16.6

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 43 141 159 72 152 84 159 61 132 15.3

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 33 95 107 63 91 44 85 38 88 14.4

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 28 55 74 53 72 42 52 36 65 19.8

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 14 47 34 31 71 41 43 29 53 21.0

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent ................................... 362 30 55 51 36 53 23 38 20 56 18.7

 51-99 Percent ................................. 97 Q 6 11 Q 15 Q 22 Q 10 36.2

 100 Percent .................................... 398 Q 36 55 46 61 36 80 23 54 23.7

 None ............................................... 3,948 146 487 632 357 626 385 614 247 454 13.3

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 163 520 679 392 660 407 662 251 474 12.9

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 140 413 562 282 474 321 473 205 325 13.6

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 21 91 82 91 149 73 139 39 132 18.9

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 Q 17 35 Q 37 Q 51 Q 17 30.9

 Government Owned ....................... 599 23 65 71 61 95 47 91 46 100 20.6

See footnotes at end of table.

44 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.3 1.7 1.0 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.5 0.9

Number of Establishments

 One ................................................ 3,886 144 473 614 363 608 380 617 246 441 13.9

 2 to 5 .............................................. 517 33 71 83 51 67 49 55 31 76 18.7

 6 to 10 ............................................ 89 Q 11 7 Q 21 Q 9 Q 24 28.4

 11 to 20 .......................................... 49 Q Q Q Q 12 Q Q Q 10 44.8

 More than 20 .................................. 36 Q 5 3 3 8 Q 7 Q 5 36.0

 Currently Unoccupied ..................... 229 Q 20 39 Q 40 Q 60 Q 17 28.9

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 Q 72 98 71 100 50 130 Q 84 20.7

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 20 78 105 58 126 67 106 37 91 19.0

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 35 76 89 54 80 40 109 39 96 19.2

 100 ................................................. 2,846 126 358 457 270 449 297 409 178 302 13.0

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 58 192 272 146 160 84 150 76 167 19.1

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 49 192 176 111 200 110 177 51 110 15.0

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 40 85 112 58 82 66 96 41 79 18.2

 100 ................................................. 1,668 39 116 190 137 314 194 331 129 218 14.7

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 Q 41 61 77 50 37 92 Q 26 26.0

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 29 141 161 84 134 73 137 44 78 17.5

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 40 131 148 62 122 61 101 49 100 16.6

 100 ................................................. 2,699 112 271 379 230 450 284 424 180 369 13.3

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 449 8 34 16 12 160 78 43 30 70 23.2

 Furnaces ........................................ 1,692 60 231 378 213 187 129 241 104 148 16.3

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 55 163 233 143 229 173 223 90 155 16.9

 District Heat .................................... 93 6 18 10 13 16 5 6 8 12 27.9

 Boilers ............................................ 624 90 171 124 64 63 24 23 32 33 18.5

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 870 22 65 76 45 155 88 197 41 181 18.1

 Other .............................................. 42 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 65.5

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 816 33 64 157 118 113 71 179 33 49 20.6

 Heat Pumps ................................... 454 11 32 18 11 161 83 41 30 66 21.5

 Individual Air Conditioners ............. 1,023 64 204 161 69 163 110 161 26 66 18.2

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q 2 1 6 6 Q 3 Q 7 41.2

 Central Chillers ............................... 142 11 17 19 13 32 10 16 8 17 22.0

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ............................................... 1,459 48 160 197 134 211 136 263 78 232 14.8

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 179 Q Q Q Q Q Q 33 93 36 34.8

 Other .............................................. 8 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 126.7

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 3,343 151 380 538 313 561 310 485 231 374 13.1

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 102 273 362 222 391 229 339 137 264 14.3

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 1,680 110 310 399 217 203 136 110 96 99 16.8

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass .............................................. 1,068 32 83 137 99 189 95 166 79 188 15.1

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ..................................... 1,853 81 198 259 168 306 170 265 134 272 14.6

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 119 332 354 187 338 165 252 122 249 15.8

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 45
Table A4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.3 1.7 1.0 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.5 0.9

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System .......... 250 Q 30 41 27 28 11 20 21 56 17.7

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 414 17 46 71 56 66 28 26 36 69 18.9

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 2,503 144 351 373 223 398 219 328 155 312 13.5

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 32 82 89 52 85 44 73 23 93 18.9

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 74 2 11 15 8 12 Q Q 9 11 33.0

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 3 4 15 Q 3 Q 3 4 24 28.7

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 23 51 51 22 56 10 27 33 66 20.6

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 413 31 50 79 41 49 24 45 32 64 18.8

 Other .............................................. 78 Q 18 10 Q 5 Q Q 13 17 37.0

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............ 4,357 182 530 693 403 704 391 642 279 533 12.9

 Building Shell ................................. 4,223 179 514 677 399 679 371 617 269 518 13.1

 HVAC ............................................. 2,604 145 359 390 236 420 226 333 166 328 13.2

 Lighting ........................................... 1,178 72 168 195 100 164 74 137 81 187 14.2

 Other .............................................. 264 13 44 50 18 44 8 32 15 40 23.8

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control System ........................ 236 14 25 44 24 23 27 21 14 45 20.3

 Demand-Side Management

 Participation ................................... 315 45 54 53 16 44 15 14 13 62 23.1

 Energy Audit ................................... 521 43 89 84 38 64 34 59 17 93 20.0

 Building Energy Manager ............... 49 Q Q 7 Q 3 Q 10 Q 12 40.3

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 36 Q Q 8 Q 6 Q Q Q 6 50.2

 HVAC Program .............................. 154 Q 20 25 8 33 Q 8 Q 32 23.9

 Lighting Program ............................ 228 41 44 42 7 25 9 10 8 41 26.0

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 110 Q 13 19 7 22 Q 6 Q 18 26.8

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

46 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.4 1.5 1.1 0.8 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.3 0.9

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 3,265 10,135 10,712 6,568 10,586 5,375 8,616 3,645 8,974 10.9

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 240 834 1,224 666 1,123 659 1,373 460 748 16.2

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 387 949 1,079 684 1,028 703 992 388 988 14.5

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 333 1,330 1,685 1,004 1,542 999 1,241 811 1,430 14.9

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 520 1,456 1,356 998 1,737 1,047 912 773 1,270 18.4

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 625 1,127 1,588 510 1,254 585 1,003 288 1,083 17.2

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 460 1,138 1,231 817 1,847 943 930 497 1,815 23.3

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 156 1,540 1,496 1,343 1,083 359 526 295 1,091 25.1

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 Q 1,759 1,053 548 972 Q Q Q 550 40.3

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 604 1,364 1,534 852 1,168 548 904 410 1,086 17.8

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 38.6

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 Q 348 290 Q 180 Q 178 Q 154 21.0

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 Q 241 265 222 307 Q Q Q 261 29.9

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 Q 458 409 168 524 258 261 235 419 27.1

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 603 2,195 1,860 1,296 1,632 1,129 1,472 662 1,552 18.8

 Office .............................................. 12,319 691 1,833 2,025 780 2,040 941 1,171 758 2,080 15.2

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 224 55.2

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 Q 547 457 404 704 180 Q 207 442 28.7

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 Q 268 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 47.4

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 Q 377 816 322 649 286 431 200 592 30.2

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 289 1,475 1,909 1,199 2,115 1,441 1,408 607 1,042 24.5

 Other .............................................. 1,130 Q 120 Q Q 167 Q Q Q 181 36.9

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 Q 490 538 505 437 253 914 236 805 29.8

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 113 562 404 Q Q Q Q Q Q 28.6

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 310 743 780 Q Q Q Q Q Q 28.1

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 570 2,085 1,586 710 1,006 562 1,078 297 818 22.6

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 441 1,629 1,921 708 1,230 1,057 1,610 545 1,280 19.7

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 436 2,048 1,861 790 2,667 907 1,340 670 1,892 20.1

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 634 1,490 2,350 1,736 2,267 1,195 1,478 699 2,166 16.2

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 669 1,384 1,442 1,540 2,589 1,266 2,463 1,022 1,912 20.5

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 Q 194 369 301 487 268 151 148 491 25.8

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 3,265 9,971 10,586 6,328 10,431 5,237 8,318 3,562 8,853 11.0

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 1,761 6,798 8,669 5,169 4,776 3,259 5,372 2,560 6,732 12.1

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 2,184 3,351 1,604 938 2,319 557 706 348 1,212 18.4

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 413 1,147 991 893 451 131 402 364 548 24.6

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 Q 245 Q 462 252 Q 345 Q 345 36.7

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 Q 581 349 230 1,177 221 Q Q 221 27.8

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 Q 383 136 Q Q Q Q Q Q 35.6

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 3,220 9,638 10,168 6,135 9,482 4,550 7,627 3,382 7,794 10.8

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 2,647 8,511 8,748 5,635 9,358 4,397 7,451 3,081 7,215 11.2

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 3,043 9,367 9,580 5,880 8,581 4,127 6,884 3,221 7,795 10.7

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 1,411 4,329 3,727 2,073 3,379 1,337 3,052 1,007 2,751 17.4

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 371 385 722 173 486 Q 488 Q 301 30.9

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 47
Table A5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.4 1.5 1.1 0.8 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.3 0.9

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ......................................... 48,585 2,537 7,444 8,236 4,677 7,852 3,297 6,024 2,643 5,874 11.7

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 3,873 365 643 617 400 371 224 457 96 700 20.4

 Metal Panels .................................. 7,392 Q 786 967 808 1,389 1,300 1,211 301 487 22.8

 Concrete Panels ............................. 4,961 Q Q 323 418 587 Q 511 514 1,241 27.2

 Window Glass ................................ 2,028 Q 310 480 Q 320 Q 220 Q 380 35.4

 Other .............................................. 1,037 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 55.6

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up .......................................... 30,257 882 4,007 4,485 1,889 5,096 2,175 4,381 2,048 5,293 15.1

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 10,570 696 1,738 2,221 992 1,201 872 1,095 466 1,289 18.7

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 9,019 Q 678 941 1,123 1,884 1,184 2,029 424 579 20.1

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 11,702 941 2,817 2,489 1,828 1,169 848 597 317 695 18.1

 Slate or Tile .................................... 1,998 209 317 186 Q 310 Q 200 Q 431 33.9

 Concrete ......................................... 2,544 Q 225 Q Q Q Q 167 Q 418 42.9

 Other .............................................. 1,786 Q 354 Q 246 242 Q 146 Q 269 30.1

Floors

 One ................................................ 25,424 563 2,271 3,172 1,974 4,634 2,622 5,637 1,384 3,168 17.1

 Two ................................................ 18,025 883 2,680 3,389 1,764 2,619 1,480 1,561 1,138 2,511 15.3

 Three .............................................. 9,877 623 2,184 1,969 1,073 1,288 420 547 388 1,385 18.8

 Four to Nine ................................... 10,377 832 2,016 1,533 1,456 1,593 Q 440 611 1,217 22.0

 Ten or More .................................... 4,173 Q 984 648 Q 451 Q 432 Q 695 32.8

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 51,356 1,978 7,011 7,563 5,464 8,644 4,278 7,307 2,851 6,262 12.6

 26 to 50 .......................................... 11,815 1,092 2,387 1,958 894 1,225 744 903 601 2,012 19.3

 51 to 75 .......................................... 3,206 119 582 787 Q 393 Q 255 Q 526 26.4

 76 to 100 ........................................ 1,499 Q 156 Q Q 324 Q Q Q 175 31.5

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 17,944 420 2,287 3,023 1,724 2,844 1,264 3,568 947 1,866 18.6

 5 to 9 .............................................. 7,524 342 986 1,192 675 1,252 745 1,015 367 949 16.9

 10 to 19 .......................................... 8,077 360 1,006 808 1,064 1,224 1,272 770 557 1,016 21.6

 20 to 49 .......................................... 10,556 533 1,481 1,659 862 1,653 911 1,254 655 1,549 16.5

 50 to 99 .......................................... 7,763 572 1,327 1,329 673 982 438 865 453 1,125 21.5

 100 to 249 ...................................... 7,378 312 1,065 1,562 905 1,174 342 468 273 1,277 24.0

 250 or More .................................... 8,633 725 1,982 1,138 667 1,455 403 676 393 1,193 24.5

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 8,246 Q 1,185 1,523 931 1,282 596 1,401 352 762 20.4

 40 to 48 .......................................... 14,998 715 1,557 2,399 1,047 2,414 2,227 1,901 926 1,812 16.5

 49 to 60 .......................................... 14,046 489 2,133 2,404 1,070 2,195 902 1,906 927 2,021 13.8

 61 to 84 .......................................... 12,062 790 1,788 2,116 1,097 1,894 606 1,295 490 1,986 18.5

 85 to 167 ........................................ 8,467 528 1,958 1,033 1,184 949 471 518 456 1,370 19.6

 Open Continuously ......................... 10,057 528 1,514 1,238 1,239 1,852 573 Q 495 1,022 20.4

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent ................................... 12,420 920 2,101 2,327 1,174 1,871 700 1,039 507 1,782 19.9

 51-99 Percent ................................. 2,263 Q 307 298 Q 228 Q Q Q 446 38.3

 100 Percent .................................... 4,109 Q 554 439 507 491 295 591 259 775 23.8

 None ............................................... 49,085 1,946 7,173 7,649 4,743 7,995 4,304 6,500 2,804 5,972 12.1

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 52,752 2,604 7,374 8,567 4,561 8,032 4,425 7,023 2,794 7,373 11.0

 Owner Occupied .......................... 38,403 2,257 5,054 7,136 3,285 5,456 3,483 4,564 2,240 4,928 10.5

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 12,273 295 2,055 1,150 1,062 2,262 847 Q 448 2,086 21.3

 Unoccupied .................................. 2,077 Q 265 281 Q 315 Q 390 Q 359 32.4

 Government Owned ....................... 15,124 661 2,761 2,145 2,008 2,553 951 1,593 851 1,602 18.5

See footnotes at end of table.

48 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.4 1.5 1.1 0.8 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.3 0.9

Number of Establishments

 One ................................................ 47,997 2,171 6,742 7,839 4,428 7,329 4,275 6,805 2,607 5,802 12.9

 2 to 5 .............................................. 7,882 447 1,362 1,033 798 1,081 737 578 621 1,225 22.9

 6 to 10 ............................................ 2,562 Q 330 407 Q 450 Q 367 Q 609 28.7

 11 to 20 .......................................... 2,039 Q 272 Q Q 600 Q Q Q 280 37.2

 More than 20 .................................. 4,938 Q 1,148 935 466 783 Q 277 Q 697 30.8

 Currently Unoccupied ..................... 2,457 Q 281 298 Q 343 Q 454 Q 362 31.3

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 6,211 Q 583 625 495 1,159 825 999 269 1,191 27.3

 1 to 50 ............................................ 11,195 500 1,979 1,181 853 2,094 847 1,474 508 1,760 23.1

 51 to 99 .......................................... 10,211 559 1,555 1,607 642 1,444 436 1,227 739 2,002 20.2

 100 ................................................. 40,260 2,142 6,018 7,298 4,578 5,889 3,267 4,916 2,129 4,022 11.5

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 10,835 618 1,625 1,964 934 1,228 979 1,166 564 1,759 21.7

 1 to 50 ............................................ 21,715 1,377 4,263 3,769 2,549 3,137 1,304 2,041 859 2,417 15.4

 51 to 99 .......................................... 13,872 655 2,393 2,522 1,303 1,823 917 1,357 927 1,975 16.2

 100 ................................................. 21,454 615 1,854 2,457 1,783 4,398 2,175 4,053 1,295 2,824 15.0

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 3,280 Q 370 424 607 395 238 560 201 401 28.3

 1 to 50 ............................................ 9,980 436 1,327 1,942 829 1,373 1,071 1,315 336 1,352 20.7

 51 to 99 .......................................... 14,224 824 2,274 2,734 1,180 1,784 791 Q 752 1,847 17.4

 100 ................................................. 40,393 1,921 6,164 5,612 3,953 7,034 3,275 4,704 2,356 5,374 11.5

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 8,269 295 1,033 857 467 2,218 980 433 452 1,533 20.6

 Furnaces ........................................ 16,909 570 2,698 3,516 2,063 1,742 1,218 2,011 1,008 2,083 15.7

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 22,380 974 3,934 3,721 2,466 3,482 1,541 2,619 1,205 2,438 14.1

 District Heat .................................... 5,225 406 1,147 976 893 401 131 395 342 533 24.8

 Boilers ............................................ 20,664 1,868 4,325 4,234 2,244 2,493 989 Q 800 1,789 15.6

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 16,000 479 2,411 2,053 981 3,061 1,010 2,369 548 3,089 16.8

 Other .............................................. 903 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 47.2

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 9,021 588 920 1,758 1,210 1,234 807 1,413 414 677 17.9

 Heat Pumps ................................... 8,406 342 944 924 491 2,298 1,064 383 458 1,502 20.5

 Individual Air Conditioners ............. 17,979 1,201 4,605 3,011 1,712 2,220 1,040 2,423 475 1,292 20.6

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 Q 245 Q 462 252 Q 345 Q 345 36.7

 Central Chillers ............................... 12,991 896 1,623 2,041 1,122 2,161 754 Q 650 1,806 20.6

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ............................................... 27,830 1,261 4,618 3,930 2,634 4,708 1,781 3,570 1,347 3,981 13.5

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 2,085 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 1,156 390 33.1

 Other .............................................. 268 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 93.0

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 50,311 2,720 7,173 7,781 5,137 8,371 3,734 6,002 3,094 6,298 11.1

 Wall Insulation ................................ 33,240 2,001 4,632 5,060 3,124 5,354 2,716 4,106 2,038 4,210 12.1

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 29,684 2,314 5,761 6,180 3,706 3,704 2,083 2,593 1,500 1,843 14.8

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass .............................................. 25,396 1,239 2,945 3,955 2,585 3,908 1,587 3,403 1,607 4,166 15.7

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ..................................... 34,071 1,485 4,951 5,087 3,289 5,348 2,433 4,429 1,993 5,056 13.2

 Windows that Open ........................ 28,937 1,918 5,787 5,388 2,729 4,108 2,112 2,617 1,242 3,034 14.2

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 49
Table A5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.4 1.5 1.1 0.8 1.2 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.3 0.9

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System .......... 13,970 993 2,154 2,657 1,515 1,448 433 Q 710 2,197 18.9

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 18,313 976 3,134 3,080 2,491 2,204 894 Q 1,197 2,256 16.9

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 49,173 2,811 7,823 7,809 4,928 7,614 3,290 5,601 2,725 6,572 10.6

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 15,241 852 2,985 2,266 1,751 2,328 1,023 898 613 2,525 16.8

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 3,072 218 409 795 Q 383 Q Q 216 450 25.6

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 3,629 252 622 468 Q 305 Q 367 Q 905 23.3

 Time Clock ..................................... 12,104 848 1,836 1,752 640 1,782 368 Q 751 2,511 21.8

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 12,329 814 2,213 2,719 1,058 1,593 542 862 713 1,816 20.1

 Other .............................................. 2,596 188 428 375 Q 231 Q 163 379 456 26.7

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............ 64,403 3,211 9,680 10,368 6,251 10,152 4,804 7,703 3,560 8,674 10.8

 Building Shell ................................. 62,056 3,171 9,441 10,138 5,892 9,648 4,597 7,513 3,428 8,227 11.0

 HVAC ............................................. 50,281 2,887 7,954 8,087 5,012 7,854 3,379 5,631 2,814 6,663 10.4

 Lighting ........................................... 29,453 1,709 5,018 5,076 2,714 3,840 1,579 2,888 1,878 4,750 14.8

 Other .............................................. 5,952 441 1,185 1,136 439 871 168 718 401 593 22.1

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control System ........................ 14,320 859 1,615 2,768 1,591 1,805 666 2,036 831 2,149 20.1

 Demand-Side Management

 Participation ................................... 11,310 922 2,513 2,045 1,234 1,582 290 729 432 1,562 19.0

 Energy Audit ................................... 14,779 1,041 3,095 2,530 1,413 1,671 763 1,376 537 2,353 14.3

 Building Energy Manager ............... 2,311 Q 210 340 Q 267 Q 499 Q 280 34.1

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 1,079 Q Q 341 Q 225 Q Q Q 153 34.3

 HVAC Program .............................. 6,370 405 981 1,119 869 1,155 186 436 278 942 23.3

 Lighting Program ............................ 8,805 832 2,182 1,721 899 1,056 158 527 315 1,116 22.3

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 6,176 427 1,374 980 839 1,100 Q 456 Q 828 23.5

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

50 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A6. Climate Zone, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.4 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.5 1.5 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.2

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 399 1,134 1,077 1,101 1,095 67,876 5,623 18,024 16,162 15,251 12,816 10.3

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 203 588 631 613 647 7,327 583 1,651 1,718 1,595 1,780 13.6

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 93 250 191 227 213 7,199 703 1,827 1,406 1,659 1,604 12.1

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 64 155 143 142 143 10,375 1,072 2,547 2,231 2,291 2,234 12.5

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 20 77 59 69 56 10,069 695 2,816 2,128 2,456 1,974 13.9

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 11 35 23 24 22 8,062 819 2,462 1,564 1,709 1,508 14.1

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 3 20 20 20 8 9,678 479 2,615 2,772 2,714 1,098 19.1

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 3 7 8 5 3 7,889 981 1,966 2,564 1,570 808 19.5

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 Q 2 2 2 Q 7,278 Q 2,140 1,779 1,258 Q 31.4

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 9 50 51 105 86 8,470 592 2,614 2,079 1,849 1,336 15.6

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q 24 30 31 36 757 Q 183 171 150 177 28.1

 Food Service ................................. 260 Q 71 60 58 51 1,491 Q 514 376 273 238 16.9

 Health Care .................................... 63 Q 19 7 23 10 1,763 Q 531 267 614 198 25.9

 Lodging .......................................... 154 21 25 28 36 44 2,891 348 678 333 682 850 21.4

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 104 343 319 259 246 12,402 1,201 3,491 3,166 2,301 2,244 14.5

 Office .............................................. 749 58 179 138 183 190 12,319 711 3,405 3,411 2,869 1,923 12.7

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 Q 9 8 1 Q 1,652 Q 399 519 189 Q 41.8

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 34 58 75 54 56 4,556 419 944 856 770 Q 20.9

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q 16 17 Q Q 820 Q 194 279 Q Q 39.0

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 19 59 117 93 78 3,747 Q 900 981 977 528 21.8

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 80 186 153 162 180 11,484 923 2,767 2,609 2,904 2,282 17.3

 Other .............................................. 69 Q 18 14 9 15 1,130 Q 316 234 206 253 33.4

 Vacant ............................................ 319 16 76 60 74 93 4,396 237 1,089 882 1,353 835 21.2

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 19 88 43 Q Q 1,721 223 835 524 Q Q 24.1

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 42 94 68 Q 39 3,608 480 1,411 1,021 Q 256 23.4

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 60 232 158 145 129 8,712 694 3,063 2,304 1,625 1,027 16.5

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 65 184 190 210 230 10,421 831 2,672 2,832 2,117 1,969 14.9

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 57 159 177 219 170 12,612 842 2,815 3,363 2,990 2,602 14.5

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 95 208 205 242 231 14,014 1,531 3,619 2,825 3,656 2,382 13.9

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 57 136 197 230 263 14,287 922 2,926 2,725 3,634 4,080 15.2

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 Q 32 38 34 21 2,502 Q 681 569 736 415 25.3

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 Q 444 264 Q Q 13,400 Q 6,924 5,634 Q Q 14.2

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 277 585 339 Q Q 17,280 4,081 9,401 3,799 Q Q 14.9

 South .............................................. 1,963 Q Q 396 591 976 24,577 Q Q 4,981 8,226 11,371 16.7

 West ............................................... 870 Q 104 78 510 119 12,619 Q 1,699 1,748 7,026 1,446 17.9

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 382 1,089 1,039 1,058 1,048 66,549 5,476 17,730 15,965 14,878 12,501 10.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 228 766 481 649 541 45,097 3,685 13,771 10,517 11,017 6,107 11.0

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 80 184 211 Q 32 13,218 1,551 4,208 4,009 2,191 1,259 18.2

 District Heat .................................... 95 10 29 27 13 16 5,339 513 1,944 1,706 595 581 19.7

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q 5 4 10 9 2,066 Q 574 526 437 467 31.9

 Propane .......................................... 337 34 70 105 88 41 3,393 481 716 869 646 682 27.5

 Any Other ....................................... 163 Q 41 62 32 Q 1,551 Q 371 715 259 Q 28.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 51
Table A6. Climate Zone, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.4 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.5 1.5 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.2

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 344 1,018 959 955 903 61,996 5,218 17,196 14,966 13,537 11,079 10.5

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 229 766 753 838 915 57,041 4,267 14,977 13,549 12,870 11,379 10.4

 Buildings with Water

 Heating .......................................... 3,502 298 892 815 770 726 58,479 4,956 16,377 14,359 12,791 9,996 10.3

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 65 198 181 158 133 23,065 1,754 6,781 5,847 4,695 3,989 13.6

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ............................... 121 19 36 23 20 23 3,174 315 1,254 490 468 647 23.1

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ......................................... 3,115 220 761 699 736 699 48,585 3,954 13,796 11,456 10,366 9,013 10.5

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 764 79 210 200 136 140 3,873 548 1,141 942 619 623 18.1

 Metal Panels .................................. 745 84 128 147 187 200 7,392 577 1,183 2,163 1,685 1,784 17.9

 Concrete Panels ............................. 87 Q 13 9 27 32 4,961 403 1,020 1,081 1,627 830 22.7

 Window Glass ................................ 46 Q 11 Q 10 13 2,028 Q 640 318 604 411 30.8

 Other .............................................. 47 Q 10 13 Q Q 1,037 Q 244 202 Q Q 38.2

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up .......................................... 1,642 116 358 304 417 447 30,257 1,780 7,699 6,191 7,820 6,767 11.1

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 1,381 110 370 383 276 242 10,570 1,042 3,341 2,723 2,072 1,392 15.0

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 1,037 94 178 224 257 285 9,019 832 1,343 1,831 2,384 2,628 17.1

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 386 40 163 90 57 36 11,702 1,340 4,131 4,012 1,479 739 15.6

 Slate or Tile .................................... 155 Q 36 28 49 34 1,998 Q 538 378 566 361 23.4

 Concrete ......................................... 37 Q 5 6 6 17 2,544 Q 706 399 469 705 39.5

 Other .............................................. 167 29 24 40 39 35 1,786 Q 265 627 462 225 25.2

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 195 519 599 810 884 25,424 1,504 4,664 4,264 7,086 7,907 13.6

 Two ................................................ 1,154 126 332 310 215 170 18,025 1,888 5,118 4,644 3,800 2,575 12.2

 Three .............................................. 446 54 203 109 52 27 9,877 1,023 3,800 2,260 1,942 851 15.4

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 23 76 54 20 13 10,377 1,070 3,276 3,552 1,383 1,096 19.2

 Ten or More .................................... 13 Q 3 5 4 Q 4,173 Q 1,166 1,443 1,040 387 25.9

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 357 987 936 954 959 51,356 4,568 12,614 11,830 11,736 10,608 10.9

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 36 114 111 123 106 11,815 880 3,745 3,193 2,549 1,448 14.4

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 Q 27 27 18 16 3,206 Q 1,057 877 757 418 22.5

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 Q 5 3 5 14 1,499 Q 608 262 209 342 30.1

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 212 635 634 604 633 17,944 1,493 4,098 4,177 3,893 4,284 15.6

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 87 207 185 198 218 7,524 782 1,767 1,654 1,477 1,845 12.3

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 48 124 131 127 132 8,077 850 1,796 2,147 1,534 1,749 15.8

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 32 101 81 114 76 10,556 757 2,974 1,963 2,924 1,938 12.9

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 12 41 25 30 22 7,763 644 2,761 1,617 1,642 1,100 17.5

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 6 16 11 21 10 7,378 681 2,119 1,864 1,835 878 17.8

 250 or More .................................... 31 2 9 9 7 4 8,633 415 2,509 2,741 1,946 1,022 17.8

See footnotes at end of table.

52 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A6. Climate Zone, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.4 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.5 1.5 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.2

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 85 219 284 215 236 8,246 735 1,962 2,131 1,929 1,489 17.7

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 91 297 244 319 327 14,998 979 3,868 3,045 3,879 3,226 13.0

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 69 264 221 235 214 14,046 935 3,903 3,742 3,111 2,356 12.9

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 68 162 146 139 128 12,062 984 3,858 2,594 2,545 2,081 12.4

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 51 122 106 103 96 8,467 1,034 2,003 2,667 1,820 944 15.4

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 34 70 75 89 94 10,057 956 2,429 1,983 1,968 2,721 18.1

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 0-25 Percent ................................... 4,153 347 992 946 952 916 58,566 4,906 15,648 14,318 12,728 10,966 10.4

 26-50 Percent ................................. 157 16 52 30 27 33 2,939 242 1,014 459 565 659 22.1

 51-75 Percent ................................. 62 Q 13 14 12 18 1,140 Q 217 260 425 177 29.5

 76-100 Percent ............................... 434 31 76 87 111 129 5,231 414 1,145 1,125 1,532 1,015 19.3

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 353 1,001 962 939 951 52,752 4,274 13,971 12,096 11,955 10,456 10.4

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 291 812 733 686 670 38,403 3,265 11,145 8,582 8,781 6,630 10.4

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 53 151 187 211 216 12,273 856 2,429 3,034 2,628 3,325 15.3

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 Q 39 43 42 64 2,077 Q 397 481 546 501 22.5

 Government Owned ....................... 599 46 133 114 162 144 15,124 1,349 4,053 4,066 3,296 2,360 15.8

Number of Establishments

 One ................................................ 3,886 317 916 873 908 871 47,997 4,213 12,576 10,792 11,193 9,223 11.6

 2 to 5 .............................................. 517 52 141 119 101 104 7,882 541 2,104 2,268 1,588 1,381 15.1

 6 to 10 ............................................ 89 12 13 20 24 21 2,562 296 566 558 588 554 22.9

 11 to 20 .......................................... 49 Q 11 8 12 14 2,039 Q 684 361 326 562 30.5

 More than 20 .................................. 36 Q 6 10 7 11 4,938 Q 1,620 1,525 962 521 30.3

 Currently Unoccupied ..................... 229 Q 47 47 50 75 2,457 Q 474 658 594 575 23.4

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 59 125 122 152 196 6,211 453 905 1,376 1,725 1,751 18.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 45 153 149 169 171 11,195 607 2,423 2,794 2,987 2,384 17.7

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 55 159 122 130 153 10,211 810 2,786 2,132 2,395 2,088 14.8

 100 ................................................. 2,846 240 697 684 651 575 40,260 3,753 11,910 9,859 8,145 6,593 11.1

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 170 368 324 263 180 10,835 1,356 3,047 2,613 2,382 1,437 15.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 95 304 279 231 266 21,715 1,969 6,800 5,670 4,008 3,268 12.8

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 57 180 143 132 146 13,872 919 4,304 3,537 2,871 2,241 13.9

 100 ................................................. 1,668 77 282 332 475 503 21,454 1,379 3,872 4,342 5,991 5,870 12.8

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 32 98 96 84 103 3,280 277 686 857 798 662 21.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 82 241 203 154 201 9,980 935 2,646 2,618 2,074 1,707 14.4

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 72 234 197 156 153 14,224 1,016 4,587 2,979 2,760 2,882 14.4

 100 ................................................. 2,699 212 561 582 706 638 40,393 3,395 10,105 9,708 9,620 7,565 10.8

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 53
Table A6. Climate Zone, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.4 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.5 1.5 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.2

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 449 12 31 127 148 131 8,269 437 1,282 2,459 2,501 1,590 19.5

 Furnaces ........................................ 1,692 162 525 459 294 251 16,909 1,920 5,075 4,763 3,217 1,935 13.7

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 134 352 331 345 302 22,380 1,736 6,624 5,781 4,508 3,730 13.3

 District Heat .................................... 93 10 28 27 13 15 5,225 513 1,900 1,692 560 560 19.9

 Boilers ............................................ 624 99 272 156 61 36 20,664 2,118 7,706 5,136 3,341 2,363 14.7

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 870 31 125 97 297 319 16,000 609 3,756 2,987 4,836 3,812 13.7

 Other .............................................. 42 Q 11 Q Q Q 903 Q 277 Q Q Q 36.1

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central Air

 Conditioners .................................. 816 54 224 198 139 203 9,021 804 2,889 2,037 1,492 1,798 15.3

 Heat Pumps ................................... 454 12 36 129 149 128 8,406 487 1,393 2,425 2,565 1,536 19.0

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................. 1,023 93 279 257 166 228 17,979 1,572 5,670 5,140 2,446 3,151 16.2

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q 5 4 10 9 2,066 Q 574 526 437 467 31.9

 Central Chillers ............................... 142 11 40 29 38 25 12,991 843 3,647 2,771 3,180 2,550 17.9

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units .............................................. 1,459 90 312 253 398 405 27,830 1,779 7,396 6,302 6,966 5,386 11.3

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 179 Q 33 Q 71 60 2,085 Q 477 Q 532 753 35.6

 Other .............................................. 8 Q Q Q Q Q 268 Q Q Q Q Q 88.8

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 2,509 246 634 602 511 516 39,221 3,400 11,517 10,349 7,835 6,120 10.8

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 4,065 341 986 898 925 915 62,074 5,206 17,006 14,639 13,537 11,685 10.2

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 206 23 68 41 39 35 8,336 888 2,743 2,282 1,476 946 16.6

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 354 32 104 64 61 93 17,570 1,807 5,961 4,329 2,975 2,498 13.8

 Other .............................................. 78 Q 14 13 34 16 1,612 Q 387 413 449 329 30.7

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 3,343 308 790 780 735 730 50,311 4,409 13,460 12,134 11,195 9,113 11.2

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 217 541 550 527 485 33,240 2,788 9,331 7,435 7,580 6,107 12.5

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 1,680 219 599 492 219 151 29,684 3,624 10,811 7,523 4,474 3,252 14.2

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass ............................................. 1,068 61 215 211 288 294 25,396 1,359 6,910 5,306 6,263 5,558 13.5

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings .................................... 1,853 134 416 405 442 456 34,071 2,554 8,949 7,738 7,781 7,049 11.7

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 204 547 548 425 395 28,937 2,563 8,617 8,275 5,363 4,119 12.6

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System .......... 250 21 78 46 70 34 13,970 1,102 4,442 3,268 2,897 2,261 16.6

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 414 45 131 103 89 47 18,313 1,725 5,772 4,837 3,551 2,429 15.0

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 2,503 210 641 552 571 528 49,173 3,977 13,951 11,867 10,861 8,517 10.9

See footnotes at end of table.

54 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A6. Climate Zone, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.4 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.5 1.5 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.2

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 53 160 123 124 114 15,241 1,406 4,391 4,234 3,298 1,912 16.2

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ......................................... 74 Q 25 14 11 17 3,072 Q 1,148 897 411 357 24.3

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 Q 17 9 21 7 3,629 Q 912 971 1,054 459 21.4

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 27 96 72 82 63 12,104 748 3,271 2,508 3,097 2,480 17.8

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 413 47 133 89 75 69 12,329 1,208 3,890 3,388 2,457 1,386 16.0

 Other .............................................. 78 9 30 14 20 6 2,596 362 962 516 583 173 23.8

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............ 4,357 363 1,042 1,010 963 978 64,403 5,349 17,513 15,589 14,151 11,801 10.5

 Building Shell ................................. 4,223 357 1,014 989 926 937 62,056 4,980 17,049 15,194 13,451 11,381 10.7

 HVAC ............................................. 2,604 223 665 582 590 543 50,281 4,116 14,291 12,234 10,983 8,658 10.8

 Lighting ........................................... 1,178 115 351 241 243 229 29,453 2,760 8,847 6,941 6,283 4,622 12.4

 Other .............................................. 264 24 88 54 53 43 5,952 354 2,381 1,394 925 897 18.4

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management 

 and Control

 System .......................................... 236 20 73 47 64 31 14,320 1,095 4,675 2,850 2,980 2,720 15.7

 Demand-Side

 Management

 Participation .................................. 315 56 94 66 69 30 11,310 1,562 3,757 2,670 2,056 1,265 15.3

 Energy Audit ................................... 521 53 162 91 126 89 14,779 1,318 4,727 3,325 3,361 2,049 13.3

 Building Energy

 Manager ........................................ 49 Q 10 5 15 13 2,311 Q 564 393 569 662 30.3

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 36 Q 12 9 8 Q 1,079 Q 431 248 226 Q 32.1

 HVAC Program .............................. 154 19 41 37 37 19 6,370 727 2,103 1,291 1,400 849 18.3

 Lighting Program ............................ 228 50 74 40 44 20 8,805 1,427 2,930 2,165 1,326 957 18.2

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 110 Q 26 25 22 16 6,176 900 1,557 1,726 1,156 838 20.1

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 55
Table A7. Metropolitan Status, Number of Buildings Floorspace,

 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Metropolitan

NonmetropolitanAll

Buildings Metropolitan

Nonmetropolitan

0.7 0.8 1.5 0.8 0.8 1.9

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 3,085 1,721 67,876 52,691 15,185 4.9

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 1,560 1,121 7,327 4,328 2,999 6.6

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 654 321 7,199 4,885 2,314 4.9

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 470 178 10,375 7,548 2,827 6.5

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 213 68 10,069 7,657 2,412 9.0

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 99 17 8,062 6,901 1,161 8.6

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 58 12 9,678 7,981 1,696 12.9

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 24 2 7,889 7,215 674 14.8

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 7 Q 7,278 6,175 Q 22.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 215 85 8,470 6,578 1,892 9.6

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 88 42 757 554 203 18.8

 Food Service ................................... 260 188 72 1,491 1,115 376 11.4

 Health Care ...................................... 63 51 12 1,763 1,340 422 18.7

 Lodging ............................................ 154 101 53 2,891 2,291 600 13.9

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 806 466 12,402 9,656 2,746 8.1

 Office ............................................... 749 546 203 12,319 11,146 1,172 7.8

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 16 Q 1,652 1,627 Q 33.4

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 170 108 4,556 2,702 Q 12.7

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 40 20 820 592 228 26.2

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 173 193 3,747 2,391 1,356 13.5

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 463 299 11,484 8,456 3,028 10.1

 Other ................................................ 69 37 32 1,130 916 214 20.2

 Vacant .............................................. 319 190 129 4,396 3,327 1,069 12.0

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 82 87 1,721 994 726 15.0

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 138 117 3,608 2,545 1,063 15.4

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 478 246 8,712 6,710 2,002 10.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 593 287 10,421 7,836 2,585 9.0

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 524 260 12,612 10,268 2,344 9.1

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 618 364 14,014 11,128 2,886 7.1

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 580 304 14,287 11,095 3,192 9.8

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 73 55 2,502 2,115 387 15.8

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 605 166 13,400 11,710 1,690 10.0

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 647 555 17,280 12,654 4,626 8.7

 South ............................................... 1,963 1,146 817 24,577 17,159 7,419 8.0

 West ................................................. 870 687 183 12,619 11,168 1,451 12.8

Energy Sources (more than one may

apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 2,981 1,635 66,549 51,781 14,768 4.9

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 1,819 846 45,097 36,933 8,164 6.1

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 341 217 13,218 11,012 2,206 10.8

 District Heat ..................................... 95 77 18 5,339 4,792 546 15.9

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 23 5 2,066 1,774 Q 23.4

 Propane ........................................... 337 151 186 3,393 2,112 1,281 15.6

 Any Other ......................................... 163 64 99 1,551 971 580 18.0

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 2,719 1,459 61,996 48,889 13,107 5.0

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 2,348 1,154 57,041 45,722 11,319 5.4

 Buildings with Water Heating ........... 3,502 2,374 1,128 58,479 46,707 11,772 5.3

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 493 241 23,065 18,382 4,683 8.6

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........... 121 92 29 3,174 2,792 382 17.9

See footnotes at end of table.

56 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A7. Metropolitan Status, Number of Buildings Floorspace,

 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Metropolitan

NonmetropolitanAll

Buildings Metropolitan

Nonmetropolitan

0.7 0.8 1.5 0.8 0.8 1.9

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ................. 399 159 240 5,623 3,098 2,525 17.7

 5,500-7,000 HDD ........................ 1,134 785 348 18,024 14,765 3,259 13.2

 4,000-5,499 HDD ........................ 1,077 580 497 16,162 12,578 3,584 15.9

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............... 1,101 793 Q 15,251 12,585 Q 15.8

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............... 1,095 767 328 12,816 9,666 3,151 15.3

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 3,115 2,126 990 48,585 38,188 10,397 5.5

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 764 425 339 3,873 2,342 1,531 8.5

 Metal Panels .................................... 745 393 352 7,392 4,614 2,778 10.6

 Concrete Panels .............................. 87 86 Q 4,961 4,843 Q 16.7

 Window Glass .................................. 46 35 Q 2,028 1,877 Q 21.9

 Other ................................................ 47 20 Q 1,037 827 Q 28.6

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 1,642 1,176 466 30,257 24,318 5,940 6.8

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 1,381 843 538 10,570 7,576 2,994 7.3

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 1,037 530 507 9,019 5,318 3,701 8.8

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 386 262 123 11,702 9,850 1,852 9.2

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 155 132 23 1,998 1,747 252 17.4

 Concrete .......................................... 37 35 Q 2,544 2,539 Q 30.4

 Other ................................................ 167 106 61 1,786 1,344 442 18.1

Floors

 One .................................................. 3,007 1,875 1,132 25,424 17,637 7,788 7.4

 Two .................................................. 1,154 751 403 18,025 14,320 3,705 5.9

 Three ............................................... 446 305 141 9,877 7,949 1,928 9.1

 Four to Nine ..................................... 186 142 45 10,377 8,648 1,730 13.4

 Ten or More ..................................... 13 13 Q 4,173 4,138 Q 19.6

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 4,193 2,626 1,567 51,356 38,226 13,130 5.3

 26 to 50 ............................................ 490 357 133 11,815 10,039 1,776 7.6

 51 to 75 ............................................ 94 77 17 3,206 2,997 209 17.5

 76 to 100 .......................................... 29 25 Q 1,499 1,429 Q 24.3

Building Shape

 Square ............................................. 280 216 65 3,654 3,172 482 10.2

 Rectangle ......................................... 3,659 2,311 1,349 39,233 30,086 9,147 5.1

 Rectangle or Square with

 Courtyard ......................................... 48 37 Q 1,372 1,244 Q 23.6

 Right Angle ...................................... 333 215 118 6,071 4,798 1,273 8.7

 Other ................................................ 485 306 179 17,547 13,392 4,155 10.2

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 1,546 1,172 17,944 11,288 6,656 8.1

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 616 280 7,524 5,160 2,365 6.7

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 405 157 8,077 5,841 2,236 9.5

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 318 86 10,556 8,641 1,916 8.2

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 111 19 7,763 6,736 1,028 12.1

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 60 5 7,378 6,908 469 13.2

 250 or More ..................................... 31 29 2 8,633 8,117 516 13.5

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 519 520 8,246 5,409 2,838 8.8

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 833 445 14,998 11,050 3,948 7.0

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 681 323 14,046 11,122 2,924 6.9

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 465 179 12,062 10,525 1,537 7.4

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 326 152 8,467 6,984 1,483 9.8

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 260 102 10,057 7,601 2,456 12.8

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 57
Table A7. Metropolitan Status, Number of Buildings Floorspace,

 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Metropolitan

NonmetropolitanAll

Buildings Metropolitan

Nonmetropolitan

0.7 0.8 1.5 0.8 0.8 1.9

Additional Operating Hours for

Equipment Use

 Heating and/or Cooling .................... 1,223 721 501 20,300 15,889 4,411 8.3

 Lighting ............................................ 633 418 216 12,886 10,722 2,165 9.9

 Heating and/or Cooling and

 Lighting ............................................ 371 251 120 8,717 7,401 1,316 13.7

 No Additional Hours ......................... 3,320 2,197 1,124 43,407 33,482 9,925 6.8

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent .................................... 362 261 100 12,420 10,890 1,530 9.1

 51-99 Percent .................................. 97 59 39 2,263 1,906 356 18.5

 100 Percent ..................................... 398 250 148 4,109 3,138 970 11.3

 None ................................................ 3,948 2,515 1,433 49,085 36,757 12,328 5.4

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 4,206 2,710 1,496 52,752 41,030 11,722 5.0

 Owner Occupied ............................ 3,192 2,018 1,174 38,403 29,771 8,632 4.6

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 817 567 250 12,273 9,649 2,624 10.9

 Unoccupied .................................... 197 125 72 2,077 1,610 467 14.5

 Government Owned ......................... 599 374 225 15,124 11,661 3,463 9.1

Number of Establishments

 One .................................................. 3,886 2,451 1,435 47,997 35,446 12,552 5.8

 2 to 5 ................................................ 517 356 161 7,882 6,671 1,210 8.3

 6 to 10 .............................................. 89 67 22 2,562 2,126 437 14.8

 11 to 20 ............................................ 49 40 Q 2,039 1,833 Q 21.3

 More than 20 .................................... 36 27 Q 4,938 4,717 Q 21.0

 Currently Unoccupied ...................... 229 144 84 2,457 1,899 559 14.7

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ......... 735 493 242 22,166 18,379 3,788 7.8

 Computer Room .............................. 223 176 47 14,199 12,738 1,461 10.9

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ....... 236 162 74 8,042 6,569 1,473 10.2

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ..................................... 203 151 53 6,862 5,900 962 10.4

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 1,667 1,093 574 31,564 24,643 6,921 7.6

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 223 163 60 8,395 7,175 1,220 13.9

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 1,444 930 514 23,170 17,468 5,702 8.2

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 3,139 1,992 1,147 36,312 28,048 8,264 4.8

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 653 387 266 6,211 4,097 2,114 11.6

 1 to 50 .............................................. 688 431 257 11,195 9,087 2,108 8.8

 51 to 99 ............................................ 618 400 218 10,211 8,290 1,920 8.3

 100 ................................................... 2,846 1,867 980 40,260 31,217 9,043 5.6

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 1,304 737 567 10,835 6,969 3,866 8.2

 1 to 50 .............................................. 1,176 773 403 21,715 17,363 4,352 6.4

 51 to 99 ............................................ 658 453 205 13,872 11,888 1,984 8.3

 100 ................................................... 1,668 1,122 546 21,454 16,471 4,983 7.7

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit .............................................. 413 222 191 3,280 2,332 947 12.6

 1 to 50 .............................................. 881 522 359 9,980 6,707 3,273 8.1

 51 to 99 ............................................ 813 544 269 14,224 10,559 3,664 8.8

 100 ................................................... 2,699 1,797 902 40,393 33,093 7,300 5.8

See footnotes at end of table.

58 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A7. Metropolitan Status, Number of Buildings Floorspace,

 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Metropolitan

NonmetropolitanAll

Buildings Metropolitan

Nonmetropolitan

0.7 0.8 1.5 0.8 0.8 1.9

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 449 306 143 8,269 6,622 1,647 10.4

 Furnaces .......................................... 1,692 1,030 662 16,909 12,739 4,170 6.5

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 843 622 22,380 17,795 4,584 6.6

 District Heat ..................................... 93 76 18 5,225 4,699 525 16.3

 Boilers .............................................. 624 449 175 20,664 16,091 4,573 8.3

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 870 672 198 16,000 14,096 1,903 10.4

 Other ................................................ 42 31 Q 903 823 Q 26.8

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ................. 473 331 142 13,263 10,461 2,802 8.2

 Ducts for Heating ............................. 2,955 2,008 947 45,422 36,572 8,851 5.3

 Heating Only ............................... 577 377 200 5,950 4,811 1,139 10.1

 Heating and Cooling ................... 2,378 1,631 747 39,472 31,760 7,712 5.7

 Variable Air-Volume

 System ........................................ 210 164 46 11,528 9,287 2,240 13.1

 Fan Coil Units for Heating ................ 99 58 40 5,474 4,462 1,013 13.0

 Heating Only ............................... 78 42 36 3,569 2,845 724 15.9

 Heating and Cooling ................... 21 17 4 1,906 1,617 289 22.1

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 843 622 22,380 17,795 4,584 6.6

 Other ................................................ 181 104 77 3,310 2,527 783 15.1

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central Air

 Conditioners ..................................... 816 485 331 9,021 6,565 2,456 9.1

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 454 306 147 8,406 6,641 1,765 10.1

 Individual Air Conditioners ............... 1,023 656 367 17,979 13,511 4,468 8.9

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 23 5 2,066 1,774 Q 23.4

 Central Chillers ................................ 142 116 26 12,991 10,886 Q 12.4

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................. 1,459 1,078 381 27,830 24,003 3,827 7.2

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 179 131 Q 2,085 1,781 Q 25.7

 Other ................................................ 8 Q Q 268 Q Q 54.0

Cooling Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Ducts for Cooling ............................. 2,733 1,869 864 47,755 38,663 9,092 5.7

 Cooling Only ............................... 355 238 117 8,283 6,902 1,381 10.3

 Heating and Cooling ................... 2,378 1,631 747 39,472 31,760 7,712 5.7

 Variable Air-Volume

 System ........................................ 221 179 42 12,430 10,197 2,233 12.7

 Fan Coil Units for Cooling ................ 56 44 12 3,875 3,414 Q 20.0

 Cooling Only ............................... 35 28 Q 1,969 1,797 Q 28.2

 Heating and Cooling ................... 21 17 4 1,906 1,617 289 22.1

 Individual Air Conditioners ............... 1,023 656 367 17,979 13,511 4,468 8.9

 Other ................................................ 111 80 31 2,919 2,390 529 21.2

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent ................................... 2,509 1,582 927 39,221 30,999 8,221 5.6

 Standard Fluorescent ...................... 4,065 2,688 1,377 62,074 49,246 12,827 4.9

 Compact Fluorescent ....................... 206 155 51 8,336 7,626 710 12.0

 High Intensity Discharge .................. 354 259 95 17,570 15,147 2,422 8.6

 Other ................................................ 78 62 Q 1,612 1,404 Q 23.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 59
Table A7. Metropolitan Status, Number of Buildings Floorspace,

 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Metropolitan

NonmetropolitanAll

Buildings Metropolitan

Nonmetropolitan

0.7 0.8 1.5 0.8 0.8 1.9

Personal Computers and/or

Computer Terminals

 1 to 4 ................................................ 1,269 843 426 13,355 9,512 3,843 5.7

 5 to 9 ................................................ 336 264 73 5,970 5,271 699 8.6

 10 to 19 ............................................ 216 166 50 6,236 5,383 854 12.0

 20 to 49 ............................................ 164 132 32 7,439 6,335 1,104 12.4

 50 to 99 ............................................ 59 51 8 4,908 4,319 589 12.5

 100 to 249 ........................................ 34 31 2 4,220 3,791 429 15.7

 250 or More ..................................... 19 17 Q 5,569 5,322 Q 17.9

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 3,343 2,133 1,211 50,311 38,909 11,402 5.3

 Wall Insulation ................................. 2,320 1,434 886 33,240 25,260 7,980 6.2

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 1,680 1,009 671 29,684 22,088 7,596 7.3

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass ................................................ 1,068 766 302 25,396 21,097 4,300 8.7

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,853 1,275 578 34,071 27,056 7,016 6.7

 Windows that Open ......................... 2,119 1,288 831 28,937 21,326 7,611 6.4

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 250 200 50 13,970 11,618 2,352 12.1

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 414 297 117 18,313 15,338 2,975 10.9

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 2,503 1,810 693 49,173 40,338 8,835 5.8

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ......................... 574 434 140 15,241 13,063 2,178 10.3

 Natural Lighting-Control

 Sensors ............................................ 74 61 Q 3,072 2,893 Q 15.7

 Occupancy Sensors ......................... 59 55 Q 3,629 3,532 Q 13.2

 Time Clock ....................................... 339 268 70 12,104 10,086 Q 12.1

 Manual Dimmer Switches ................ 413 298 115 12,329 10,749 1,580 9.7

 Other ................................................ 78 60 18 2,596 2,235 361 17.4

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............. 4,357 2,839 1,518 64,403 50,638 13,765 5.2

 Building Shell ................................... 4,223 2,723 1,500 62,056 48,436 13,620 5.3

 HVAC ............................................... 2,604 1,869 734 50,281 41,101 9,179 5.6

 Lighting ............................................ 1,178 876 302 29,453 24,591 4,862 8.1

 Other ................................................ 264 188 76 5,952 4,713 1,239 11.3

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control System ......................... 236 188 48 14,320 12,085 2,235 12.0

 Demand-Side Management

 Participation ..................................... 315 220 95 11,310 9,665 1,645 10.0

 Energy Audit .................................... 521 376 146 14,779 12,870 1,909 8.2

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 2,503 1,810 693 49,173 40,338 8,835 5.8

 Building Energy Manager ................ 49 38 Q 2,311 2,140 Q 20.5

See footnotes at end of table.

60 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A7. Metropolitan Status, Number of Buildings Floorspace,

 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Metropolitan

NonmetropolitanAll

Buildings Metropolitan

Nonmetropolitan

0.7 0.8 1.5 0.8 0.8 1.9

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program .................... 36 25 Q 1,079 943 Q 22.4

 HVAC Program ................................ 154 99 54 6,370 5,280 1,090 11.5

 Lighting Program ............................. 228 163 64 8,805 7,621 1,184 12.4

 Other DSM Programs ...................... 110 75 35 6,176 5,447 729 15.3

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for

explanation of abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 61
Table A8. Building Size, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Size

RSE

Row

Factor

1,001 to

5,000

Square

Feet

5,001 to

10,000

Square

Feet

10,001 to

25,000

Square

Feet

25,001 to

50,000

Square

Feet

50,001 to

100,000

Square

Feet

100,001 to

200,000

Square

Feet

200,001 to

500,000

Square

Feet

Over

500,000

Square

Feet

0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 2.2

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 2,681 975 647 280 116 71 26 9 6.9

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 112 43 57 40 30 12 6 Q 16.0

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 103 QQQQQQQ 23.1

 Food Service ................................... 260 179 51 21 QQQQQ 18.7

 Health Care ...................................... 63 39 Q Q Q Q 3 2 (*) 18.9

 Lodging ............................................ 154 56 39 26 21 7 3 1Q 25.0

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 807 265 127 40 18 10 2 2 13.9

 Office ............................................... 749 387 168 102 51 20 14 5 2 12.6

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 Q Q Q Q Q Q 2Q 34.1

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 137 62 53 16 6 Q 1 Q 19.7

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 30 QQQQQQQ 38.1

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 202 81 58 18 QQQQ 19.5

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 402 149 129 43 17 15 4 1 16.1

 Other ................................................ 69 39 Q 6 QQQQQ 34.7

 Vacant .............................................. 319 177 64 42 23 7 4 1Q 20.8

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 80 52 22 12 QQQQ 26.1

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 128 71 30 15 5 Q Q Q 22.7

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 415 151 97 36 14921 17.2

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 511 174 111 50 18 11 3 (*) 15.1

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 435 135 118 50 23 17 5 1 14.0

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 558 201 116 62 25 12 6 2 12.2

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 487 167 134 46 25 16 5 Q 12.4

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 68 24 19 9 4 2 2 (*) 21.2

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 383 180 109 54 25 12 5 2 13.3

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 676 241 163 66 29 15 10 2 12.1

 South ............................................... 1,963 1,171 370 239 106 41 26 6 4 11.8

 West ................................................. 870 451 184 136 56 20 18 5 1 15.3

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 2,539 954 628 275 114 70 25 9 6.9

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 1,331 574 420 181 83 52 18 6 7.7

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 288 125 62 39 21 11 10 4 13.0

 District Heat ..................................... 95 18 11 28 16 10651 23.0

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 Q Q 8 9 Q 2 2 1 28.1

 Propane ........................................... 337 218 62 32 15 6 3 Q Q 23.1

 Any Other ......................................... 163 99 41 QQQQQQ 23.3

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 2,247 883 585 255 110 64 24 9 6.9

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 1,792 758 519 236 103 59 24 9 7.0

 Buildings with Water Heating ........... 3,502 1,733 787 539 240 108 62 25 9 7.2

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 320 137 114 70 44 29 15 6 11.2

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........... 121 32 32 32 119311 24.6

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 3,115 1,573 675 488 211 94 48 19 7 7.6

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 764 595 105 48 13 QQQQ 16.8

 Metal Panels .................................... 745 457 155 85 316811 19.5

 Concrete Panels .............................. 87 Q 14 20 16 11841 21.5

 Window Glass .................................. 46 Q Q Q 8 Q 2 1 1 24.8

 Other ................................................ 47 QQQQQQQQ 40.1

See footnotes at end of table.

62 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A8. Building Size, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Size

RSE

Row

Factor

1,001 to

5,000

Square

Feet

5,001 to

10,000

Square

Feet

10,001 to

25,000

Square

Feet

25,001 to

50,000

Square

Feet

50,001 to

100,000

Square

Feet

100,001 to

200,000

Square

Feet

200,001 to

500,000

Square

Feet

Over

500,000

Square

Feet

0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 2.2

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 1,642 772 369 265 124 55 41 12 5 9.7

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 1,381 927 250 137 49 11 5 1 Q 14.4

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 1,037 648 209 122 39 11 8 Q Q 15.6

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 386 140 79 75 39 30 11 10 2 13.6

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 155 75 38 25 12 4 Q Q Q 25.8

 Concrete .......................................... 37 QQQQQ 3 2 1 27.4

 Other ................................................ 167 108 29 15 11 QQQQ 28.8

Floors

 One .................................................. 3,007 2,009 525 310 103 36 18 5 Q 10.7

 Two .................................................. 1,154 518 282 211 81 35 20 4 2 10.5

 Three ............................................... 446 133 121 100 54 22 11 4 1 13.8

 Four to Nine ..................................... 186 Q 47 26 42 21 18 10 1 17.3

 Ten or More ..................................... 13 QQQQQ 4 4 3 17.5

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 4,193 2,433 848 554 202 80 52 18 6 8.0

 26 to 50 ............................................ 490 201 108 75 61 24 13 5 2 13.0

 51 to 75 ............................................ 94 40 Q 12 12 9 4 2 (*) 19.4

 76 to 100 .......................................... 29 QQQQQ 2 1 1 28.7

Building Shape

 Square ............................................. 280 167 64 27 126321 21.6

 Rectangle ......................................... 3,659 2,223 713 452 165 54 37 11 3 8.1

 Rectangle or Square with

 Courtyard ......................................... 48 Q Q Q Q 6Q Q Q 38.5

 Right Angle ...................................... 333 127 90 54 41 12 7 1 Q 17.1

 Other ................................................ 485 152 93 105 58 38 22 11 5 13.8

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 1,968 460 204 60 12 8 3 Q 13.2

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 514 218 115 37 8 3 Q Q 14.2

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 160 195 144 43 10 7 Q Q 15.7

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 34 94 153 84 28 10 2 Q 14.4

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 Q Q 25 41 32 16 3 Q 14.5

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 Q Q Q 13 18 18 7 1 15.0

 250 or More ..................................... 31 QQQQ 7994 12.4

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 688 188 107 37 14 Q 2 Q 15.9

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 687 293 183 70 25 16 4 (*) 11.2

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 519 216 156 71 20 17 4 1 12.1

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 324 146 87 41 24 16 4 2 12.4

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 281 69 64 31 17 10 5 1 15.4

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 182 62 50 31 15 9 8 Q 15.3

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 4,206 2,423 861 540 228 82 50 16 7 7.6

 Owner Occupied ............................ 3,192 1,859 660 396 169 57 38 11 4 8.2

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 817 437 167 126 47 22 11 5 Q 12.6

 Unoccupied .................................... 197 127 34 18 12 QQQQ 25.9

 Government Owned ......................... 599 258 114 108 53 34 21 10 2 12.3

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ......... 735 323 136 114 70 44 29 15 5 10.2

 Computer Room .............................. 223 37 31 46 41 31 24 10 4 14.5

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ....... 236 80 52 44 25 17 11 6 2 15.7

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ..................................... 203 74 29 47 26 12961 17.9

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 63
Table A8. Building Size, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Size

RSE

Row

Factor

1,001 to

5,000

Square

Feet

5,001 to

10,000

Square

Feet

10,001 to

25,000

Square

Feet

25,001 to

50,000

Square

Feet

50,001 to

100,000

Square

Feet

100,001 to

200,000

Square

Feet

200,001 to

500,000

Square

Feet

Over

500,000

Square

Feet

0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 2.2

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 653 448 99 64 27 6 7 2Q 20.3

 1 to 50 .............................................. 688 340 156 116 46 13 10 4 2 14.2

 51 to 99 ............................................ 618 294 152 96 40 19 11 4 1 13.2

 100 ................................................... 2,846 1,600 568 371 167 77 43 16 5 8.5

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 1,304 889 216 128 44 12 12 2 Q 15.0

 1 to 50 .............................................. 1,176 507 279 215 103 38 21 9 4 10.1

 51 to 99 ............................................ 658 299 152 108 46 27 16 8 2 12.4

 100 ................................................... 1,668 987 327 196 87 39 22 7 Q 10.5

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit .............................................. 413 287 64 36 18 5 Q Q Q 21.7

 1 to 50 .............................................. 881 489 180 144 41 14 11 2 Q 14.4

 51 to 99 ............................................ 813 387 189 128 63 24 13 5 Q 11.1

 100 ................................................... 2,699 1,518 541 339 158 73 46 19 4 7.9

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 449 198 121 71 30 13 10 4 2 15.8

 Furnaces .......................................... 1,692 1,002 387 193 72 20 14 4 1 11.8

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 812 287 210 84 38 21 9 4 10.0

 District Heat ..................................... 93 18 11 28 159651 23.3

 Boilers .............................................. 624 165 145 135 91 43 28 12 4 11.7

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 870 396 190 162 62 36 16 6 3 12.2

 Other ................................................ 42 28 QQQQQQQ 42.4

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 816 470 173 107 44 12731 15.1

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 454 202 120 71 31 15 11 3 2 15.6

 Individual Air Conditioners ............... 1,023 536 198 155 73 34 16 7 5 11.7

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 Q Q 8 9 Q 2 2 1 28.1

 Central Chillers ................................ 142 Q 20 21 29 24 20 9 5 16.9

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................. 1,459 625 347 264 119 58 30 12 4 9.8

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 179 110 33 21 8 QQQQ 37.5

 Other ................................................ 8 QQQQQQQQ 89.2

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent ................................... 2,509 1,342 523 347 167 66 43 17 5 7.9

 Standard Fluorescent ...................... 4,065 2,145 866 591 257 110 64 25 9 6.8

 Compact Fluorescent ....................... 206 68 50 31 24 16 10 6 2 15.1

 High-Intensity Discharge .................. 354 95 61 66 56 35 22 14 5 12.1

 Other ................................................ 78 37 Q 16 QQQQQ 30.7

Personal Computers and/or

Computer Terminals

 1 to 4 ................................................ 1,269 651 311 204 77 15 9 3 Q 11.8

 5 to 9 ................................................ 336 106 111 67 26 16 8 2 Q 16.7

 10 to 19 ............................................ 216 24 56 70 44 13 7 2 Q 18.4

 20 to 49 ............................................ 164 Q 14 63 35 27 9 4 Q 17.7

 50 to 99 ............................................ 59 Q Q 8 16 16 11 4 Q 18.3

 100 to 249 ........................................ 34 Q Q Q 79941 17.5

 250 or More ..................................... 19 QQQQ 4463 18.3

See footnotes at end of table.

64 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A8. Building Size, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Size

RSE

Row

Factor

1,001 to

5,000

Square

Feet

5,001 to

10,000

Square

Feet

10,001 to

25,000

Square

Feet

25,001 to

50,000

Square

Feet

50,001 to

100,000

Square

Feet

100,001 to

200,000

Square

Feet

200,001 to

500,000

Square

Feet

Over

500,000

Square

Feet

0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 2.2

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 3,343 1,777 708 475 212 93 52 19 7 7.6

 Wall Insulation ................................. 2,320 1,279 472 322 137 57 35 13 5 9.3

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 1,680 800 390 263 123 56 29 13 5 10.0

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass ................................................ 1,068 445 238 199 90 48 29 13 6 10.2

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,853 901 392 288 137 75 37 17 5 9.5

 Windows that Open ......................... 2,119 1,181 425 296 120 54 30 11 3 9.4

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 250 67 45 45 35 24 17 11 5 14.8

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 414 111 84 94 47 35 26 12 6 13.0

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 2,503 1,143 542 429 205 97 55 22 9 7.8

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ......................... 574 212 127 124 55 26 18 8 3 12.4

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ............................................ 74 Q 21 1194231 25.2

 Occupancy Sensors ......................... 59 Q Q 1072731 21.4

 Time Clock ....................................... 339 114 80 66 35 20 13 7 5 15.9

 Manual Dimmer Switches ................ 413 147 101 88 36 18 13 8 3 12.7

 Other ................................................ 78 23 Q 21 8 6 5 1 (*) 24.2

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............. 4,357 2,376 887 610 268 113 68 25 9 7.0

 Building Shell ................................... 4,223 2,305 864 587 259 111 66 23 9 7.1

 HVAC ............................................... 2,604 1,194 569 447 208 98 57 23 9 7.6

 Lighting ............................................ 1,178 452 275 241 106 47 36 14 7 9.7

 Other ................................................ 264 102 62 50 25 14821 17.5

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program .................... 36 Q Q Q Q Q Q 1 (*) 25.0

 HVAC Program ................................ 154 46 30 36 14 12952 18.1

 Lighting Program ............................. 228 75 47 46 25 16982 16.3

 Other DSM Programs ...................... 110 37 Q 20 11 10852 19.2

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 65
Table A9. Building Size, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Building Size

RSE

Row

Factor

1,001 to

5,000

Square

Feet

5,001 to

10,000

Square

Feet

10,001 to

25,000

Square

Feet

25,001 to

50,000

Square

Feet

50,001 to

100,000

Square

Feet

100,001 to

200,000

Square

Feet

200,001 to

500,000

Square

Feet

Over

500,000

Square

Feet

0.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.4 2.0

All Buildings ..................................... 67,876 7,327 7,199 10,375 10,069 8,062 9,678 7,889 7,278 6.8

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 8,470 292 307 997 1,551 2,045 1,641 1,621 Q 15.6

 Food Sales ....................................... 757 286 QQQQQQQ 24.1

 Food Service ................................... 1,491 485 343 325 QQQQQ 19.5

 Health Care ...................................... 1,763 108 Q Q Q Q 401 504 381 18.6

 Lodging ............................................ 2,891 159 294 412 711 420 378 380 Q 25.1

 Mercantile and Service .................... 12,402 2,203 1,987 2,003 1,369 1,268 1,364 646 1,560 15.0

 Office ............................................... 12,319 1,018 1,248 1,656 1,823 1,355 1,973 1,708 1,537 12.6

 Parking Garage ................................ 1,652 Q Q Q Q Q Q 694 Q 35.4

 Public Assembly .............................. 4,556 438 494 822 615 378 Q 418 Q 24.2

 Public Order and Safety ................... 820 91 QQQQQQQ 38.3

 Religious Worship ............................ 3,747 564 562 920 663 QQQQ 19.6

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 11,484 1,089 1,106 2,066 1,631 1,250 2,124 1,075 1,144 16.5

 Other ................................................ 1,130 99 Q 110 QQQQQ 32.4

 Vacant .............................................. 4,396 473 459 635 768 503 464 357 Q 21.9

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 1,721 251 397 297 431 QQQQ 28.4

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 3,608 336 523 503 522 319 Q Q Q 25.1

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 8,712 1,150 1,106 1,507 1,267 927 1,227 707 Q 17.2

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 10,421 1,352 1,255 1,775 1,792 1,236 1,520 1,011 Q 14.7

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 12,612 1,167 986 1,892 1,856 1,625 2,306 1,444 1,335 14.8

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 14,014 1,536 1,505 1,902 2,216 1,776 1,673 1,988 1,418 12.2

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 14,287 1,339 1,251 2,189 1,658 1,717 2,070 1,526 2,536 13.8

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 2,502 197 176 309 327 268 269 670 285 20.7

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 13,400 1,074 1,337 1,663 1,976 1,752 1,598 1,696 2,303 13.4

 Midwest ............................................ 17,280 1,889 1,763 2,689 2,353 2,097 2,048 2,839 1,601 11.9

 South ............................................... 24,577 3,155 2,723 3,782 3,696 2,842 3,720 1,968 2,691 12.0

 West ................................................. 12,619 1,208 1,376 2,241 2,043 1,371 2,311 1,386 683 14.2

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 66,549 6,996 7,057 10,097 9,856 7,936 9,658 7,678 7,271 6.8

 Natural Gas ...................................... 45,097 3,761 4,266 6,865 6,510 5,735 7,134 5,648 5,177 7.6

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 13,218 829 925 978 1,377 1,539 1,573 3,017 2,980 12.5

 District Heat ..................................... 5,339 56 73 450 545 653 780 1,532 1,250 22.1

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 Q Q 115 311 Q 252 737 515 26.0

 Propane ........................................... 3,393 573 466 456 501 411 500 Q Q 22.6

 Any Other ......................................... 1,551 250 311 QQQQQQ 27.0

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 61,996 6,210 6,533 9,424 9,132 7,622 8,730 7,470 6,876 6.8

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 57,041 4,994 5,601 8,364 8,435 7,185 8,072 7,217 7,174 7.0

 Buildings with Water Heating ........... 58,479 4,928 5,834 8,724 8,637 7,489 8,492 7,466 6,910 7.1

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 23,065 903 998 1,852 2,627 3,110 4,062 4,639 4,874 11.1

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........... 3,174 97 245 495 382 618 442 257 637 24.7

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 48,585 4,401 5,001 7,867 7,545 6,552 6,649 5,666 4,905 7.6

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 3,873 1,536 730 750 469 QQQQ 16.1

 Metal Panels .................................... 7,392 1,255 1,158 1,345 1,120 426 1,158 366 565 20.0

 Concrete Panels .............................. 4,961 Q 108 325 576 736 1,033 1,282 Q 21.9

 Window Glass .................................. 2,028 Q Q Q 283 Q 286 377 726 24.2

 Other ................................................ 1,037 QQQQQQQQ 41.3

See footnotes at end of table.

66 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A9. Building Size, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Building Size

RSE

Row

Factor

1,001 to

5,000

Square

Feet

5,001 to

10,000

Square

Feet

10,001 to

25,000

Square

Feet

25,001 to

50,000

Square

Feet

50,001 to

100,000

Square

Feet

100,001 to

200,000

Square

Feet

200,001 to

500,000

Square

Feet

Over

500,000

Square

Feet

0.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.4 2.0

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 30,257 2,170 2,752 4,357 4,407 3,873 5,456 3,446 3,796 9.9

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 10,570 2,463 1,791 2,149 1,797 777 648 466 Q 15.1

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 9,019 1,776 1,569 1,899 1,391 781 1,082 Q Q 15.9

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 11,702 391 592 1,258 1,451 2,013 1,557 2,912 1,528 14.3

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 1,998 215 275 357 445 275 Q Q Q 26.7

 Concrete .......................................... 2,544 Q Q Q Q Q 499 486 1,001 26.5

 Other ................................................ 1,786 284 203 234 379 QQQQ 28.1

Floors

 One .................................................. 25,424 5,331 3,834 4,916 3,634 2,484 2,409 1,315 Q 10.9

 Two .................................................. 18,025 1,508 2,121 3,434 2,913 2,421 2,617 1,252 1,759 10.9

 Three ............................................... 9,877 412 898 1,630 1,960 1,562 1,567 1,125 723 13.7

 Four to Nine ..................................... 10,377 Q 345 391 1,538 1,491 2,486 2,916 1,134 17.1

 Ten or More ..................................... 4,173 Q Q Q Q Q 598 1,281 2,159 17.1

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 51,356 6,618 6,253 8,865 7,211 5,572 7,073 5,307 4,456 8.0

 26 to 50 ............................................ 11,815 575 819 1,194 2,204 1,711 1,847 1,556 1,909 13.2

 51 to 75 ............................................ 3,206 106 Q 208 449 603 548 776 414 19.4

 76 to 100 .......................................... 1,499 Q Q Q Q Q 210 249 498 27.8

Building Shape

 Square ............................................. 3,654 429 487 393 416 443 425 554 507 21.1

 Rectangle ......................................... 39,233 6,069 5,247 7,204 5,853 3,831 4,977 3,235 2,818 8.3

 Rectangle or Square with

 Courtyard ......................................... 1,372 Q Q Q Q 382 Q Q Q 33.2

 Right Angle ...................................... 6,071 360 659 899 1,501 836 926 407 Q 17.8

 Other ................................................ 17,547 435 702 1,741 2,140 2,571 3,080 3,480 3,399 13.7

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 17,944 5,095 3,329 3,053 2,107 910 1,044 1,020 Q 14.3

 5 to 9 ................................................ 7,524 1,554 1,612 1,801 1,348 595 444 Q Q 14.6

 10 to 19 ............................................ 8,077 537 1,446 2,323 1,538 643 922 Q Q 16.5

 20 to 49 ............................................ 10,556 120 757 2,608 3,049 1,899 1,367 628 Q 14.7

 50 to 99 ............................................ 7,763 Q Q 450 1,445 2,151 2,122 850 Q 14.7

 100 to 249 ........................................ 7,378 Q Q Q 517 1,303 2,550 2,139 744 15.9

 250 or More ..................................... 8,633 Q Q Q Q 561 1,229 2,812 3,951 12.7

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 8,246 1,797 1,341 1,592 1,309 1,007 Q 418 Q 16.1

 40 to 48 ............................................ 14,998 1,904 2,186 2,994 2,553 1,698 2,254 1,178 230 11.3

 49 to 60 ............................................ 14,046 1,430 1,610 2,549 2,536 1,440 2,278 1,188 1,016 12.1

 61 to 84 ............................................ 12,062 926 1,098 1,408 1,443 1,769 2,152 1,238 2,028 13.2

 85 to 167 .......................................... 8,467 772 492 1,022 1,151 1,132 1,390 1,480 1,027 16.3

 Open Continuously .......................... 10,057 498 472 810 1,077 1,015 1,371 2,387 2,427 16.9

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 52,752 6,638 6,351 8,640 8,116 5,821 6,820 4,957 5,409 7.6

 Owner Occupied ............................ 38,403 5,119 4,861 6,343 6,054 4,026 5,178 3,484 3,337 8.1

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 12,273 1,172 1,251 2,017 1,645 1,516 1,527 1,252 Q 13.4

 Unoccupied .................................... 2,077 347 239 279 418 QQQQ 27.3

 Government Owned ......................... 15,124 689 848 1,735 1,953 2,241 2,858 2,932 1,869 12.2

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ......... 22,166 911 994 1,848 2,627 3,110 4,062 4,639 3,975 10.2

 Computer Room .............................. 14,199 118 231 756 1,534 2,127 3,217 3,096 3,119 14.2

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ....... 8,042 241 394 742 851 1,095 1,628 1,839 1,250 15.4

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ..................................... 6,862 194 223 796 1,002 815 1,245 1,706 880 18.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 67
Table A9. Building Size, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Building Size

RSE

Row

Factor

1,001 to

5,000

Square

Feet

5,001 to

10,000

Square

Feet

10,001 to

25,000

Square

Feet

25,001 to

50,000

Square

Feet

50,001 to

100,000

Square

Feet

100,001 to

200,000

Square

Feet

200,001 to

500,000

Square

Feet

Over

500,000

Square

Feet

0.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.4 2.0

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 6,211 1,150 724 979 995 473 983 425 Q 21.4

 1 to 50 .............................................. 11,195 1,014 1,182 1,801 1,665 937 1,395 1,148 2,054 14.6

 51 to 99 ............................................ 10,211 844 1,115 1,546 1,415 1,289 1,590 1,168 1,245 13.4

 100 ................................................... 40,260 4,319 4,178 6,050 5,995 5,364 5,710 5,148 3,497 8.4

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 10,835 2,332 1,598 2,012 1,635 878 1,606 672 Q 15.6

 1 to 50 .............................................. 21,715 1,531 2,091 3,398 3,696 2,703 2,932 2,705 2,660 10.5

 51 to 99 ............................................ 13,872 830 1,136 1,753 1,652 1,785 2,247 2,371 2,098 12.7

 100 ................................................... 21,454 2,633 2,374 3,213 3,087 2,697 2,893 2,141 2,416 11.6

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit .............................................. 3,280 724 458 529 613 341 Q Q Q 22.1

 1 to 50 .............................................. 9,980 1,405 1,318 2,235 1,500 1,017 1,501 557 Q 15.2

 51 to 99 ............................................ 14,224 1,076 1,405 2,092 2,300 1,605 1,816 1,363 2,568 12.7

 100 ................................................... 40,393 4,122 4,018 5,520 5,656 5,099 6,296 5,743 3,939 8.1

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,269 542 899 1,159 1,119 932 1,433 1,012 1,172 15.9

 Furnaces .......................................... 16,909 2,780 2,816 3,131 2,559 1,352 1,860 1,075 1,337 11.9

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 22,380 2,291 2,153 3,305 2,942 2,681 2,793 2,934 3,281 10.1

 District Heat ..................................... 5,225 56 73 443 516 624 777 1,521 1,215 22.5

 Boilers .............................................. 20,664 511 1,100 2,210 3,351 3,037 3,879 3,477 3,098 11.7

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 16,000 1,116 1,415 2,667 2,168 2,509 2,126 1,603 2,396 12.3

 Other ................................................ 903 74 QQQQQQQ 36.5

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 9,021 1,313 1,268 1,716 1,528 810 913 851 622 14.3

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,406 549 902 1,152 1,181 1,032 1,511 889 1,191 15.7

 Individual Air Conditioners ............... 17,979 1,516 1,470 2,370 2,604 2,390 2,167 2,082 3,381 12.0

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 Q Q 115 311 Q 252 737 515 26.0

 Central Chillers ................................ 12,991 Q 157 357 1,088 1,651 2,752 3,072 3,869 16.6

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................. 27,830 1,750 2,550 4,319 4,245 4,040 4,172 3,678 3,075 9.6

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 2,085 316 250 331 304 QQQQ 35.8

 Other ................................................ 268 QQQQQQQQ 69.2

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent ................................... 39,221 3,763 3,835 5,550 6,045 4,604 5,898 5,226 4,300 8.0

 Standard Fluorescent ...................... 62,074 5,927 6,422 9,562 9,191 7,594 8,740 7,528 7,110 6.9

 Compact Fluorescent ....................... 8,336 195 380 507 925 1,185 1,375 1,745 2,024 15.5

 High-Intensity Discharge .................. 17,570 289 487 1,123 2,089 2,447 3,118 3,932 4,085 12.6

 Other ................................................ 1,612 113 Q 227 Q Q Q Q 407 27.7

Personal Computers and/or

Computer Terminals

 1 to 4 ................................................ 13,355 1,845 2,378 3,235 2,681 1,115 1,251 802 Q 12.5

 5 to 9 ................................................ 5,970 333 819 1,135 969 1,081 1,043 507 Q 16.4

 10 to 19 ............................................ 6,236 81 406 1,167 1,620 890 863 432 Q 19.1

 20 to 49 ............................................ 7,439 Q 108 1,080 1,288 1,794 1,288 1,047 Q 17.4

 50 to 99 ............................................ 4,908 Q Q 153 608 1,160 1,546 1,133 Q 18.1

 100 to 249 ........................................ 4,220 Q Q Q 251 629 1,318 1,323 619 17.0

 250 or More ..................................... 5,569 Q Q Q Q 330 578 1,948 2,667 18.2

See footnotes at end of table.

68 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A9. Building Size, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Building Size

RSE

Row

Factor

1,001 to

5,000

Square

Feet

5,001 to

10,000

Square

Feet

10,001 to

25,000

Square

Feet

25,001 to

50,000

Square

Feet

50,001 to

100,000

Square

Feet

100,001 to

200,000

Square

Feet

200,001 to

500,000

Square

Feet

Over

500,000

Square

Feet

0.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.4 2.0

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 50,311 4,951 5,270 7,668 7,504 6,454 7,160 5,653 5,650 7.4

 Wall Insulation ................................. 33,240 3,554 3,481 5,145 4,949 3,940 4,733 3,637 3,800 9.0

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 29,684 2,274 2,895 4,324 4,448 3,913 4,126 3,928 3,776 9.8

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass ................................................ 25,396 1,251 1,789 3,195 3,226 3,395 3,948 4,076 4,516 10.4

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ....................................... 34,071 2,518 2,900 4,722 4,900 5,145 5,131 5,168 3,588 9.2

 Windows that Open ......................... 28,937 3,293 3,117 4,700 4,366 3,754 4,209 3,179 2,319 9.6

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 13,970 185 335 794 1,287 1,714 2,251 3,359 4,044 15.5

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 18,313 311 622 1,576 1,703 2,465 3,461 3,606 4,570 12.9

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 49,173 3,230 4,032 6,983 7,392 6,729 7,514 6,834 6,459 7.6

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ......................... 15,241 611 956 2,088 1,970 1,883 2,507 2,677 2,550 12.8

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ............................................ 3,072 Q 147 189 305 259 314 910 882 24.0

 Occupancy Sensors ......................... 3,629 Q Q 201 264 174 840 1,045 955 20.4

 Time Clock ....................................... 12,104 310 618 1,132 1,274 1,446 1,765 2,038 3,522 16.2

 Manual Dimmer Switches ................ 12,329 446 761 1,420 1,341 1,326 1,859 2,559 2,616 13.0

 Other ................................................ 2,596 69 Q 388 301 446 604 383 306 23.2

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............. 64,403 6,575 6,566 9,788 9,597 7,874 9,271 7,479 7,254 7.0

 Building Shell ................................... 62,056 6,375 6,405 9,403 9,270 7,683 8,935 7,098 6,887 7.0

 HVAC ............................................... 50,281 3,370 4,221 7,257 7,503 6,797 7,699 6,946 6,488 7.5

 Lighting ............................................ 29,453 1,302 2,066 3,952 3,884 3,420 4,821 4,557 5,452 9.9

 Other ................................................ 5,952 291 467 821 896 917 1,020 740 799 17.2

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program .................... 1,079 Q Q Q Q Q Q 310 143 22.6

 HVAC Program ................................ 6,370 152 222 595 541 843 1,236 1,490 1,291 17.7

 Lighting Program ............................. 8,805 225 345 704 951 1,128 1,235 2,247 1,970 16.4

 Other DSM Programs ...................... 6,176 119 Q 326 418 712 1,190 1,548 1,749 19.5

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 69
Table A10. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Year Constructed

RSE

Row

Factor

1899 or

Before

1900 to

1919

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1986

1987 to

1989

1990 to

1992

0.4 1.6 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.7

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 169 255 724 880 783 982 671 212 128 7.4

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 80 128 415 511 435 558 384 103 68 9.9

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 52 71 151 174 135 201 119 49 24 12.6

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 22 30 97 111 118 116 98 36 19 13.5

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 12 15 36 50 50 62 33 13 9 16.5

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 Q 5 14 18 23 25 20 5 4 17.9

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 Q Q 9 11 17 12 12 3 2 23.0

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 Q Q 2 3 5 6 4 1 2 24.4

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 Q Q 1 (*) 1 2 2 Q (*) 36.4

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 Q 12 28 76 72 46 37 12 17 19.9

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 Q Q Q Q Q 28 Q Q Q 28.9

 Food Service ................................... 260 Q Q 43 51 33 73 23 Q Q 21.8

 Health Care ...................................... 63 Q Q 7 10 15 14 9 Q Q 40.3

 Lodging ............................................ 154 Q Q 14 24 38 27 22 Q 4 26.4

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 34 59 210 235 208 247 200 47 32 11.6

 Office ............................................... 749 31 38 108 136 102 163 113 42 15 13.7

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 Q Q Q Q Q 10 Q Q (*) 38.1

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 Q 15 42 42 58 52 32 Q 12 20.2

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 Q Q Q Q Q 16 Q Q Q 37.0

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 29 33 56 89 53 55 37 Q Q 18.3

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 Q 27 112 117 107 185 125 50 21 15.4

 Other ................................................ 69 Q Q Q 13 11 15 14 Q Q 46.3

 Vacant .............................................. 319 Q 40 75 53 44 49 29 Q 7 19.9

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 52 62 166 124 122 118 81 31 14 15.3

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 78 105 193 208 174 248 121 37 38 15.2

 South ............................................... 1,963 26 66 257 368 324 426 341 102 51 12.3

 West ................................................. 870 Q 22 109 179 163 190 128 42 25 18.4

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 169 244 681 839 759 945 648 206 124 7.4

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 112 178 437 515 465 517 279 108 53 9.0

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 31 52 105 107 89 91 52 22 8 18.3

 District Heat ..................................... 95 4 10 13 22 22 9 7 4 Q 27.2

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 Q Q Q 7 5 5 Q Q Q 40.6

 Propane ........................................... 337 Q Q 42 60 53 67 57 16 20 22.5

 Any Other ......................................... 163 Q Q 49 Q 25 31 Q Q Q 26.2

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 158 232 623 760 687 850 576 184 107 7.5

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 119 169 491 643 563 741 515 167 93 8.0

 Buildings with Water Heating ........... 3,502 126 202 507 638 580 721 489 160 79 7.8

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 41 42 101 134 120 154 86 36 21 12.5

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........... 121 Q Q 21 20 11 31 15 Q Q 28.3

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 3,115 126 189 528 667 548 550 338 109 61 8.7

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 764 43 60 137 121 106 141 102 31 26 14.7

 Metal Panels .................................... 745 Q Q 48 71 106 229 194 61 33 15.1

 Concrete Panels .............................. 87 Q Q Q Q 14 27 21 7 6 24.4

 Window Glass .................................. 46 Q Q Q Q 6 18 8 1 Q 39.8

 Other ................................................ 47 Q Q Q Q Q 17 Q Q Q 46.4

See footnotes at end of table.

70 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A10. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Year Constructed

RSE

Row

Factor

1899 or

Before

1900 to

1919

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1986

1987 to

1989

1990 to

1992

0.4 1.6 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.7

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 1,642 53 93 294 375 328 287 159 36 17 12.0

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 1,381 56 93 222 269 206 285 179 37 33 11.4

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 1,037 Q Q 75 99 146 285 255 90 50 13.8

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 386 20 26 62 79 55 59 39 28 17 17.6

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 155 17 14 33 25 22 Q Q Q Q 22.5

 Concrete .......................................... 37 Q Q Q Q 6 7 9 Q 1 42.8

 Other ................................................ 167 Q Q 33 27 20 40 19 Q Q 31.2

Floors

 One .................................................. 3,007 Q 52 323 584 554 707 511 159 99 9.9

 Two .................................................. 1,154 47 89 227 214 177 217 122 39 20 11.5

 Three ............................................... 446 58 75 135 65 39 44 19 7 4 16.9

 Four to Nine ..................................... 186 46 38 37 15 11 13 16 6 5 19.8

 Ten or More ..................................... 13 Q Q 3 Q 3 2 3 Q (*) 27.4

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 4,193 141 215 651 768 681 863 593 172 110 7.8

 26 to 50 ............................................ 490 25 36 62 88 82 96 55 33 14 15.4

 51 to 75 ............................................ 94 Q Q 11 16 18 18 16 Q 4 30.6

 76 to 100 .......................................... 29 Q Q Q 8 3 6 7 Q Q 46.9

Building Shape

 Square ............................................. 280 Q 12 42 58 41 59 45 14 3 21.0

 Rectangle ......................................... 3,659 123 203 558 643 579 772 520 163 97 8.3

 Rectangle or Square with

 Courtyard ......................................... 48 Q Q Q Q 8 11 7 Q Q 44.4

 Right Angle ...................................... 333 19 Q 46 67 70 61 38 8 8 18.7

 Other ................................................ 485 17 20 75 107 85 79 61 23 18 15.5

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 93 157 476 501 431 514 363 106 77 9.9

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 41 39 122 176 131 208 120 42 16 12.8

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 14 36 63 94 101 130 80 29 15 16.1

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 14 13 46 80 78 80 63 22 10 16.0

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 Q Q 10 20 23 28 24 8 5 20.4

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 Q 3 4 7 11 16 15 5 3 20.6

 250 or More ..................................... 31 Q Q 3 2 8 6 6 2 2 23.4

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 57 75 185 219 150 196 103 29 24 14.0

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 43 71 208 245 188 244 194 55 30 11.8

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 22 52 137 192 171 211 146 38 34 12.6

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 17 23 100 82 106 154 109 36 18 14.7

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 22 21 61 88 86 99 57 34 10 16.9

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 Q 13 34 53 82 77 63 21 12 18.4

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 4,206 163 226 644 751 659 865 614 184 102 7.7

 Owner Occupied ............................ 3,192 135 175 478 561 495 657 460 145 85 8.5

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 817 23 39 122 147 130 171 137 35 14 15.4

 Unoccupied .................................... 197 Q Q 45 43 34 36 Q Q Q 24.5

 Government Owned ......................... 599 Q 29 80 129 125 117 58 29 26 15.5

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ......... 735 41 42 101 134 122 155 86 34 21 12.3

 Computer Room .............................. 223 Q 12 26 33 43 44 34 17 6 19.4

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ....... 236 Q Q 25 39 38 54 37 14 10 20.5

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ..................................... 203 Q Q 25 42 45 44 23 12 5 19.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 71
Table A10. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Year Constructed

RSE

Row

Factor

1899 or

Before

1900 to

1919

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1986

1987 to

1989

1990 to

1992

0.4 1.6 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.7

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 653 Q 24 106 121 99 145 95 29 21 16.2

 1 to 50 .............................................. 688 35 45 135 115 115 114 91 27 11 15.3

 51 to 99 ............................................ 618 32 38 110 109 97 125 78 20 Q 16.7

 100 ................................................... 2,846 88 147 374 535 473 598 408 137 87 8.2

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 1,304 50 86 234 237 220 241 157 45 35 12.4

 1 to 50 .............................................. 1,176 67 68 190 250 181 212 147 44 17 11.3

 51 to 99 ............................................ 658 24 44 106 111 103 142 90 22 16 15.2

 100 ................................................... 1,668 28 58 195 282 279 387 278 101 60 10.8

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit .............................................. 413 Q 23 76 78 55 83 58 Q Q 21.0

 1 to 50 .............................................. 881 61 79 168 151 138 150 95 19 20 13.9

 51 to 99 ............................................ 813 41 52 122 150 132 163 108 30 15 14.6

 100 ................................................... 2,699 55 101 359 501 458 586 411 148 82 8.7

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 449 Q Q 34 44 58 112 120 35 23 19.1

 Furnaces .......................................... 1,692 74 104 285 358 282 324 191 53 21 11.1

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 61 65 230 258 259 305 197 52 36 11.0

 District Heat ..................................... 93 4 10 12 22 22 9 7 4 Q 27.3

 Boilers .............................................. 624 53 70 128 127 107 79 33 15 12 14.7

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 870 Q 20 84 137 136 219 165 63 33 14.4

 Other ................................................ 42 Q Q Q Q Q 13 Q Q Q 48.9

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ................. 473 54 68 107 87 71 54 21 9 3 17.9

 Ducts for Heating ............................. 2,955 90 138 394 529 474 641 457 149 83 8.4

 Heating Only ............................... 577 33 45 120 135 101 84 46 Q Q 14.5

 Heating and Cooling ................... 2,378 57 93 274 395 372 558 411 139 78 9.5

 Variable Air-Volume

 System ........................................ 210 Q 9 16 29 29 43 38 32 12 19.7

 Fan Coil Units for Heating ................ 99 Q 8 22 20 16 12 8 Q Q 25.6

 Heating Only ............................... 78 Q Q 18 18 10 9 7 Q Q 32.0

 Heating and Cooling ................... 21 Q Q Q Q 7 3 Q Q Q 37.6

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 61 65 230 258 259 305 197 52 36 11.0

 Other ................................................ 181 Q Q 24 57 34 23 16 Q Q 25.9

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 816 34 64 105 156 135 162 112 31 17 16.4

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 454 Q 13 29 43 62 116 119 38 25 20.3

 Individual Air Conditioners ............... 1,023 65 78 203 217 172 166 85 25 12 13.4

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 Q Q Q 7 5 5 Q Q Q 40.6

 Central Chillers ................................ 142 Q 5 12 27 36 27 14 9 5 21.8

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................. 1,459 41 41 186 256 241 348 229 77 40 11.7

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 179 Q Q 28 42 40 24 31 Q Q 37.4

 Other ................................................ 8 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 102.8

Cooling Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Ducts for Cooling ............................. 2,733 83 117 329 466 430 623 454 148 82 9.0

 Cooling Only ............................... 355 26 24 56 71 57 65 43 9 Q 18.8

 Heating and Cooling ................... 2,378 57 93 274 395 372 558 411 139 78 9.5

 Variable Air-Volume

 System ........................................ 221 Q 10 16 30 27 50 39 33 12 18.4

 Fan Coil Units for Cooling ................ 56 Q Q 8 9 16 9 3 Q (*) 34.8

 Cooling Only ............................... 35 Q Q Q Q 9 Q Q Q Q 46.5

 Heating and Cooling ................... 21 Q Q Q Q 7 3 Q Q Q 37.6

 Individual Air Conditioners ............... 1,023 65 78 203 217 172 166 85 25 12 13.4

 Other ................................................ 111 Q Q 12 18 31 19 Q Q Q 32.6

See footnotes at end of table.

72 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A10. Year Constructed, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Year Constructed

RSE

Row

Factor

1899 or

Before

1900 to

1919

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1986

1987 to

1989

1990 to

1992

0.4 1.6 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.7

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent ................................... 2,509 136 165 436 494 399 461 284 74 59 9.2

 Standard Fluorescent ...................... 4,065 140 219 588 740 665 843 583 187 101 7.3

 Compact Fluorescent ....................... 206 Q 9 27 26 36 44 29 13 11 21.9

 High-Intensity Discharge .................. 354 Q 13 37 52 49 77 75 27 20 15.5

 Other ................................................ 78 Q Q Q Q Q 12 25 Q Q 35.9

Personal Computers and/or

Computer Terminals

 1 to 4 ................................................ 1,269 38 57 181 228 188 301 177 68 32 11.9

 5 to 9 ................................................ 336 Q 17 33 41 44 94 65 25 7 17.1

 10 to 19 ............................................ 216 Q Q 26 39 52 43 30 11 6 20.0

 20 to 49 ............................................ 164 Q 12 14 29 36 27 24 14 5 21.1

 50 to 99 ............................................ 59 Q Q 5 11 9 12 12 3 2 25.1

 100 to 249 ........................................ 34 Q Q 6 3 8 7 6 2 2 29.3

 250 or More ..................................... 19 Q Q 1 1 3 4 5 2 2 32.5

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 3,343 100 167 419 549 551 739 541 174 103 7.9

 Wall Insulation ................................. 2,320 51 89 222 302 364 571 466 155 100 8.8

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 1,680 88 125 218 238 230 332 257 117 75 9.8

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass ................................................ 1,068 30 34 119 172 171 221 203 80 40 12.3

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,853 67 94 240 336 297 364 285 110 61 9.9

 Windows that Open ......................... 2,119 106 146 360 454 352 346 240 56 60 10.3

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 250 Q 11 19 39 36 53 41 33 12 17.9

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 414 Q 22 38 51 61 99 63 47 24 16.3

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 2,503 93 134 317 428 429 532 371 132 68 9.0

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ......................... 574 20 27 86 93 86 115 84 38 24 15.8

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ............................................ 74 Q Q Q 16 10 15 10 6 Q 34.4

 Occupancy Sensors ......................... 59 Q Q 4 11 16 7 9 Q Q 34.8

 Time Clock ....................................... 339 24 11 48 39 58 67 64 17 12 19.1

 Manual Dimmer Switches ................ 413 38 31 63 58 56 76 55 18 18 15.9

 Other ................................................ 78 Q Q Q 7 16 24 8 Q 4 34.9

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............. 4,357 159 235 641 782 716 889 617 195 121 7.7

 Building Shell ................................... 4,223 155 230 615 761 697 850 604 193 117 7.8

 HVAC ............................................... 2,604 95 137 328 445 442 556 382 144 76 8.7

 Lighting ............................................ 1,178 65 65 173 169 180 235 175 68 48 11.0

 Other ................................................ 264 Q 20 31 41 38 59 34 21 9 21.6

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program .................... 36 Q Q Q Q 5 12 Q Q Q 44.1

 HVAC Program ................................ 154 Q 7 14 24 29 43 17 10 Q 26.0

 Lighting Program ............................. 228 9 14 36 42 39 53 22 9 4 23.2

 Other DSM Programs ...................... 110 Q Q 14 15 15 28 11 7 5 28.9

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 73
Table A11. Year Constructed, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Year Constructed

RSE

Row

Factor

1899 or

Before

1900 to

1919

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1986

1987 to

1989

1990 to

1992

0.4 1.5 1.6 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.2

All Buildings ..................................... 67,876 1,721 3,608 8,712 10,421 12,612 14,014 10,149 4,138 2,502 9.3

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 7,327 251 336 1,150 1,352 1,167 1,536 1,064 275 197 10.7

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 7,199 397 523 1,106 1,255 986 1,505 896 355 176 12.5

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 10,375 297 503 1,507 1,775 1,892 1,902 1,613 576 309 13.7

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 10,069 431 522 1,267 1,792 1,856 2,216 1,176 482 327 17.0

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 8,062 Q 319 927 1,236 1,625 1,776 1,330 387 268 17.1

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 9,678 Q Q 1,227 1,520 2,306 1,673 1,626 444 269 23.2

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 7,889 Q Q 707 1,011 1,444 1,988 1,207 320 670 24.7

 Over 500,000 ................................... 7,278 Q Q Q Q 1,335 1,418 1,237 Q 285 30.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 8,470 Q 441 1,077 1,903 2,405 1,728 480 173 253 19.4

 Food Sales ....................................... 757 Q Q Q Q Q 155 Q Q Q 35.9

 Food Service ................................... 1,491 Q Q 246 283 187 365 103 Q Q 27.7

 Health Care ...................................... 1,763 Q Q 227 152 492 544 240 Q Q 28.8

 Lodging ............................................ 2,891 Q Q 410 328 482 579 550 Q 97 26.8

 Mercantile and Service .................... 12,402 239 422 1,381 1,883 2,680 2,607 2,109 535 545 17.1

 Office ............................................... 12,319 435 716 1,389 1,400 2,187 2,283 2,419 899 590 15.3

 Parking Garage ................................ 1,652 Q Q Q Q Q 674 Q Q 124 41.1

 Public Assembly .............................. 4,556 Q 142 495 346 552 1,096 461 Q 197 25.6

 Public Order and Safety ................... 820 Q Q Q Q Q 168 Q Q Q 47.8

 Religious Worship ............................ 3,747 267 433 355 1,088 628 505 358 Q Q 23.9

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 11,484 Q 269 1,853 1,805 1,815 2,397 2,233 610 377 19.6

 Other ................................................ 1,130 Q Q Q 188 184 210 126 Q Q 36.2

 Vacant .............................................. 4,396 Q 877 929 577 431 702 571 Q 77 28.3

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 13,400 676 1,052 2,655 2,070 2,485 2,123 1,547 506 286 17.6

 Midwest ............................................ 17,280 720 1,246 2,296 2,629 2,652 4,086 2,482 500 670 15.2

 South ............................................... 24,577 167 788 2,646 3,898 4,914 4,940 3,950 2,367 906 16.6

 West ................................................. 12,619 Q 522 1,115 1,825 2,562 2,865 2,170 765 639 16.8

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 66,549 1,721 3,402 8,396 10,135 12,479 13,781 10,047 4,106 2,483 9.4

 Natural Gas ...................................... 45,097 1,249 2,826 5,738 7,294 8,900 9,230 6,265 1,965 1,630 10.2

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 13,218 344 764 1,748 1,647 2,363 2,747 2,122 741 743 15.7

 District Heat ..................................... 5,339 91 269 1,135 566 1,419 976 532 149 202 22.5

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 Q Q Q 241 376 632 184 Q 164 33.7

 Propane ........................................... 3,393 Q Q 390 401 642 786 609 201 212 27.0

 Any Other ......................................... 1,551 Q Q 475 Q Q 268 Q Q Q 33.5

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 61,996 1,637 3,329 7,717 9,371 11,548 12,814 9,398 3,878 2,303 9.5

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 57,041 1,307 2,759 6,586 8,260 10,601 12,286 9,225 3,760 2,258 10.1

 Buildings with Water Heating ........... 58,479 1,457 3,126 7,004 8,784 11,006 12,369 8,869 3,696 2,167 9.9

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 23,065 495 1,334 2,225 2,849 4,920 5,071 3,197 2,117 859 15.2

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........... 3,174 Q Q 542 748 394 652 504 Q Q 29.2

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 48,585 1,483 3,286 7,530 8,651 8,536 9,277 5,635 2,662 1,526 11.2

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 3,873 193 236 588 579 560 717 716 178 105 17.2

 Metal Panels .................................... 7,392 Q Q 395 898 1,395 1,881 1,929 559 244 21.2

 Concrete Panels .............................. 4,961 Q Q Q Q 1,502 1,510 745 452 464 23.5

 Window Glass .................................. 2,028 Q Q Q Q 463 408 685 202 76 29.2

 Other ................................................ 1,037 Q Q Q Q Q 220 Q Q Q 44.3

See footnotes at end of table.

74 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A11. Year Constructed, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Year Constructed

RSE

Row

Factor

1899 or

Before

1900 to

1919

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1986

1987 to

1989

1990 to

1992

0.4 1.5 1.6 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.2

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 30,257 565 1,430 3,996 5,716 6,568 5,907 3,563 Q 699 13.3

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 10,570 523 926 1,777 1,834 1,570 2,142 1,310 283 206 15.5

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 9,019 Q Q 783 764 1,520 2,224 2,206 821 464 16.6

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 11,702 238 710 1,262 1,436 2,139 2,545 1,688 817 868 17.9

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 1,998 219 289 586 260 247 Q Q Q Q 25.8

 Concrete .......................................... 2,544 Q Q Q Q Q 751 762 199 159 36.5

 Other ................................................ 1,786 Q Q 132 310 223 293 502 Q Q 32.6

Floors

 One .................................................. 25,424 Q 243 2,381 4,020 5,146 5,763 4,359 2,373 994 14.5

 Two .................................................. 18,025 338 869 1,964 3,168 3,872 3,661 2,789 710 654 14.8

 Three ............................................... 9,877 481 1,012 2,067 1,702 1,365 1,963 822 243 223 17.5

 Four to Nine ..................................... 10,377 743 1,257 1,810 1,283 1,310 1,812 1,085 620 457 19.9

 Ten or More ..................................... 4,173 Q Q 490 249 918 815 1,094 192 174 27.1

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 51,356 1,269 2,765 6,983 7,858 9,341 11,287 6,989 3,164 1,701 10.5

 26 to 50 ............................................ 11,815 426 677 1,233 2,068 2,390 1,817 2,119 597 488 18.0

 51 to 75 ............................................ 3,206 Q Q 479 342 468 661 625 231 215 23.7

 76 to 100 .......................................... 1,499 Q Q Q 153 Q 249 417 Q Q 35.9

Building Shape

 Square ............................................. 3,654 Q 206 573 381 736 837 533 195 Q 24.1

 Rectangle ......................................... 39,233 1,107 1,971 5,568 5,877 7,086 8,367 5,943 1,989 1,324 9.6

 Rectangle or Square with

 Courtyard ......................................... 1,372 Q Q Q Q 299 317 286 Q Q 41.0

 Right Angle ...................................... 6,071 241 Q 630 1,025 1,132 1,191 816 248 220 23.1

 Other ................................................ 17,547 287 751 1,868 2,985 3,359 3,302 2,572 Q 787 16.8

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 17,944 692 993 3,053 2,922 2,807 3,165 2,177 Q 516 13.5

 5 to 9 ................................................ 7,524 444 453 1,211 1,236 1,227 1,577 882 343 152 16.0

 10 to 19 ............................................ 8,077 167 612 933 1,611 1,211 1,812 1,142 389 201 18.6

 20 to 49 ............................................ 10,556 151 355 1,105 2,204 2,180 2,088 1,560 514 399 16.2

 50 to 99 ............................................ 7,763 Q Q 1,023 1,222 1,685 1,424 1,117 347 301 22.0

 100 to 249 ........................................ 7,378 Q 476 484 719 1,369 1,895 1,600 469 349 24.9

 250 or More ..................................... 8,633 Q Q 904 507 2,133 2,053 1,670 457 585 21.1

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 8,246 385 927 1,564 1,570 1,320 1,455 686 163 176 17.8

 40 to 48 ............................................ 14,998 484 883 2,045 2,877 2,617 2,614 2,278 646 554 14.4

 49 to 60 ............................................ 14,046 363 803 2,013 2,640 2,371 2,476 2,104 616 661 14.5

 61 to 84 ............................................ 12,062 147 356 1,393 1,072 2,692 2,778 2,500 709 415 17.9

 85 to 167 .......................................... 8,467 272 402 780 1,117 1,910 2,248 920 544 273 19.8

 Open Continuously .......................... 10,057 Q 237 918 1,146 1,701 2,444 1,661 Q 423 21.8

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 52,752 1,589 2,704 6,653 8,056 8,571 10,776 9,056 3,550 1,798 10.1

 Owner Occupied ............................ 38,403 1,224 1,978 4,783 6,237 6,737 8,024 6,328 1,785 1,307 9.3

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 12,273 332 486 1,453 1,426 1,491 2,435 2,442 Q 472 19.7

 Unoccupied .................................... 2,077 Q Q 417 393 344 317 Q Q Q 28.8

 Government Owned ......................... 15,124 Q 904 2,059 2,365 4,041 3,237 1,093 588 704 16.9

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ......... 22,166 495 1,334 2,225 2,849 4,924 5,067 3,197 1,217 859 13.6

 Computer Room .............................. 14,199 Q 673 1,439 1,436 3,057 2,857 2,954 794 811 16.5

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ....... 8,042 Q Q 1,030 1,051 1,840 1,951 995 367 437 18.4

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ..................................... 6,862 Q Q 803 908 1,244 1,856 993 371 454 21.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 75
Table A11. Year Constructed, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Year Constructed

RSE

Row

Factor

1899 or

Before

1900 to

1919

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1986

1987 to

1989

1990 to

1992

0.4 1.5 1.6 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.2

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 6,211 Q 325 1,119 1,053 1,084 1,292 774 262 199 25.1

 1 to 50 .............................................. 11,195 332 764 2,015 1,495 2,040 1,966 1,666 638 279 22.1

 51 to 99 ............................................ 10,211 313 590 1,208 1,581 2,061 2,039 1,636 438 345 17.0

 100 ................................................... 40,260 973 1,930 4,371 6,292 7,427 8,716 6,073 2,799 1,679 10.5

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 10,835 414 849 2,126 2,161 2,011 1,728 925 377 244 15.7

 1 to 50 .............................................. 21,715 828 1,555 3,240 3,942 3,604 3,881 3,242 891 534 14.4

 51 to 99 ............................................ 13,872 228 679 1,492 1,636 3,167 3,035 2,339 706 590 16.2

 100 ................................................... 21,454 251 526 1,853 2,682 3,830 5,370 3,643 2,164 1,134 13.9

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit .............................................. 3,280 Q 321 654 554 457 630 422 Q Q 26.4

 1 to 50 .............................................. 9,980 652 1,175 1,584 1,862 1,523 1,414 1,258 231 280 18.3

 51 to 99 ............................................ 14,224 429 946 1,535 2,115 2,264 2,982 1,950 Q 413 16.1

 100 ................................................... 40,393 560 1,166 4,939 5,890 8,369 8,988 6,519 2,226 1,737 10.4

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,269 Q Q 619 1,013 1,055 1,783 2,290 672 534 20.9

 Furnaces .......................................... 16,909 511 1,043 2,659 3,131 3,367 2,982 2,308 586 323 15.4

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 22,380 530 1,286 2,345 3,173 3,862 5,434 4,022 961 768 13.6

 District Heat ..................................... 5,225 91 255 1,125 545 1,363 972 524 149 202 22.8

 Boilers .............................................. 20,664 852 1,644 2,541 3,926 4,027 3,734 1,972 Q 544 14.6

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 16,000 Q 536 1,271 1,740 3,226 3,911 3,154 1,152 893 16.5

 Other ................................................ 903 Q Q Q Q Q 231 Q Q Q 36.4

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ................. 13,263 773 1,569 2,737 2,556 2,296 1,994 839 246 252 16.1

 Ducts for Heating ............................. 45,422 777 2,016 4,768 6,517 8,893 9,566 7,458 3,423 2,004 11.0

 Heating Only ............................... 5,950 236 398 1,114 1,144 1,594 852 487 Q Q 24.2

 Heating and Cooling ................... 39,472 541 1,617 3,655 5,373 7,298 8,715 6,971 3,337 1,965 11.5

 Variable Air-Volume

 System ........................................ 11,528 Q 463 624 874 2,273 2,108 2,388 Q 856 21.3

 Fan Coil Units for Heating ................ 5,474 Q 324 719 932 1,125 1,219 648 Q 186 24.5

 Heating Only ............................... 3,569 Q Q 420 817 548 686 478 Q 168 32.6

 Heating and Cooling ................... 1,906 Q Q 298 Q 577 533 Q Q Q 32.0

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 22,380 530 1,286 2,345 3,173 3,862 5,434 4,022 961 768 13.6

 Other ................................................ 3,310 Q Q 356 746 764 526 432 Q Q 29.7

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 9,021 232 702 1,441 1,770 1,528 1,800 992 365 190 16.9

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,406 Q 193 672 963 1,170 1,807 2,224 697 562 21.0

 Individual Air Conditioners ............... 17,979 702 1,675 3,223 3,183 3,603 2,586 1,630 Q 108 17.1

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 Q Q Q 241 376 632 184 Q 164 33.7

 Central Chillers ................................ 12,991 Q 242 847 1,551 3,032 3,306 1,839 Q 571 18.5

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................. 27,830 643 1,272 2,905 3,537 5,411 6,494 4,788 1,550 1,230 12.4

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 2,085 Q Q 186 285 510 386 428 Q Q 38.0

 Other ................................................ 268 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 87.2

Cooling Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Ducts for Cooling ............................. 47,755 995 2,075 4,804 6,681 8,567 10,517 8,288 3,651 2,177 10.7

 Cooling Only ............................... 8,283 454 457 1,149 1,308 1,269 1,802 1,317 315 212 19.5

 Heating and Cooling ................... 39,472 541 1,617 3,655 5,373 7,298 8,715 6,971 3,337 1,965 11.5

 Variable Air-Volume

 System ........................................ 12,430 Q 382 805 882 1,853 2,715 2,739 1,981 973 20.0

 Fan Coil Units for Cooling ................ 3,875 Q Q 545 271 922 1,139 464 Q 89 31.4

 Cooling Only ............................... 1,969 Q Q Q Q 346 606 Q Q Q 45.9

 Heating and Cooling ................... 1,906 Q Q 298 Q 577 533 Q Q Q 32.0

 Individual Air Conditioners ............... 17,979 702 1,675 3,223 3,183 3,603 2,586 1,630 Q 108 17.1

 Other ................................................ 2,919 Q Q 249 284 768 1,109 282 Q Q 37.5

See footnotes at end of table.

76 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A11. Year Constructed, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Year Constructed

RSE

Row

Factor

1899 or

Before

1900 to

1919

1920 to

1945

1946 to

1959

1960 to

1969

1970 to

1979

1980 to

1986

1987 to

1989

1990 to

1992

0.4 1.5 1.6 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.2

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent ................................... 39,221 1,303 2,412 5,674 6,729 7,220 7,853 5,131 1,592 1,305 10.1

 Standard Fluorescent ...................... 62,074 1,515 3,227 7,697 9,166 11,720 13,070 9,475 3,959 2,244 9.7

 Compact Fluorescent ....................... 8,336 Q 349 837 639 1,764 1,958 1,425 509 719 20.7

 High-Intensity Discharge .................. 17,570 Q 504 1,798 2,116 3,382 3,734 3,503 1,180 1,217 16.3

 Other ................................................ 1,612 Q Q Q Q Q 293 469 Q 110 35.4

Personal Computers and/or

Computer Terminals

 1 to 4 ................................................ 13,355 353 807 1,773 2,349 1,975 3,168 1,941 569 419 13.1

 5 to 9 ................................................ 5,970 Q 309 442 816 1,001 1,444 1,171 381 261 18.7

 10 to 19 ............................................ 6,236 Q Q 807 909 1,390 1,182 1,150 340 242 25.1

 20 to 49 ............................................ 7,439 Q 299 883 1,311 1,552 1,419 1,138 430 345 23.0

 50 to 99 ............................................ 4,908 Q Q 392 842 1,019 1,154 845 186 148 25.4

 100 to 249 ........................................ 4,220 Q Q 790 346 1,050 1,023 466 171 197 27.9

 250 or More ..................................... 5,569 Q Q 374 291 1,388 1,229 1,199 411 413 26.3

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 50,311 942 2,259 4,929 6,957 9,567 11,395 8,439 3,633 2,190 10.2

 Wall Insulation ................................. 33,240 561 1,210 2,187 3,300 5,498 8,182 7,208 3,219 1,877 11.6

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 29,684 1,036 1,679 3,317 3,474 4,124 5,638 5,557 3,174 1,685 12.3

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass ................................................ 25,396 379 630 1,556 2,887 4,740 5,603 5,418 2,509 1,674 15.7

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ....................................... 34,071 726 1,312 3,922 4,926 6,096 6,763 5,793 2,794 1,740 12.3

 Windows that Open ......................... 28,937 1,215 2,297 4,759 6,211 5,654 4,703 2,750 827 520 12.4

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 13,970 Q 572 896 1,121 2,511 2,822 2,960 2,009 975 20.4

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 18,313 Q 1,007 1,185 1,500 3,321 4,374 3,338 2,297 1,168 17.1

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 49,173 1,210 2,617 5,126 6,608 9,595 10,356 8,099 3,530 2,034 10.4

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ......................... 15,241 276 739 1,752 1,676 2,865 3,476 2,556 863 1,037 15.3

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ............................................ 3,072 Q Q Q 375 355 1,081 442 205 377 25.3

 Occupancy Sensors ......................... 3,629 Q Q 207 296 771 868 790 Q 239 25.4

 Time Clock ....................................... 12,104 180 371 852 1,013 1,808 2,878 2,514 Q 706 20.8

 Manual Dimmer Switches ................ 12,329 391 534 988 1,572 2,413 3,082 1,979 655 715 16.8

 Other ................................................ 2,596 Q Q Q 181 610 677 395 Q 209 29.5

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............. 64,403 1,662 3,325 7,841 9,752 12,053 13,464 9,842 4,044 2,419 9.6

 Building Shell ................................... 62,056 1,620 3,269 7,532 9,484 11,695 12,754 9,463 3,902 2,338 9.8

 HVAC ............................................... 50,281 1,229 2,662 5,313 6,726 9,812 10,636 8,199 3,602 2,103 10.2

 Lighting ............................................ 29,453 659 1,368 2,943 3,384 5,219 6,680 5,052 2,519 1,627 13.1

 Other ................................................ 5,952 Q 406 604 677 1,247 1,430 860 325 275 20.6

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program .................... 1,079 Q Q Q Q 212 259 Q Q Q 33.9

 HVAC Program ................................ 6,370 Q 189 741 629 1,497 1,637 948 340 330 22.0

 Lighting Program ............................. 8,805 144 374 871 1,105 2,236 2,314 962 397 402 19.9

 Other DSM Programs ...................... 6,176 Q Q 583 701 1,729 1,457 744 352 353 25.2

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 77
Table A12. Floors, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

more

Floors

All

Buildings

One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

more

Floors

0.5 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.8 0.6 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.6

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 3,007 1,154 446 186 13 67,876 25,424 18,025 9,877 10,377 4,173 6.6

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 2,009 518 133 Q Q 7,327 5,331 1,508 412 Q Q 9.1

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 525 282 121 47 Q 7,199 3,834 2,121 898 345 Q 8.7

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 310 211 100 26 Q 10,375 4,916 3,434 1,630 391 Q 10.8

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 103 81 54 42 Q 10,069 3,634 2,913 1,960 1,538 Q 12.1

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 36 35 22 21 Q 8,062 2,484 2,421 1,562 1,491 Q 13.0

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 18 20 11 18 4 9,678 2,409 2,617 1,567 2,486 598 16.2

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 5 4 4 10 4 7,889 1,315 1,252 1,125 2,916 1,281 17.9

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 Q 2 1 1 3 7,278 Q 1,759 723 1,134 2,159 26.1

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 200 62 27 11 Q 8,470 2,823 2,217 2,200 1,171 Q 14.6

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 105 Q Q Q Q 757 500 Q Q Q Q 22.7

 Food Service ................................. 260 165 57 31 Q Q 1,491 763 343 226 Q Q 16.6

 Health Care .................................... 63 34 13 7 8 Q 1,763 190 152 140 925 356 26.6

 Lodging .......................................... 154 41 61 30 20 2 2,891 375 714 509 1,060 233 19.5

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 893 259 102 18 Q 12,402 6,255 4,066 1,454 381 Q 13.1

 Office .............................................. 749 360 212 101 68 8 12,319 2,411 2,385 1,763 3,133 2,628 10.7

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 Q Q Q 5 Q 1,652 Q Q Q 1,311 Q 31.9

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 153 77 34 14 Q 4,556 Q 971 951 531 Q 18.0

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 42 Q Q Q Q 820 313 Q Q Q Q 32.9

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 184 145 33 Q Q 3,747 1,073 1,788 698 Q Q 18.2

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 589 139 25 8 Q 11,484 6,926 3,243 754 Q Q 15.7

 Other .............................................. 69 40 18 Q 4 Q 1,130 220 476 Q 216 Q 25.4

 Vacant ............................................ 319 185 87 29 17 1 4,396 1,382 1,323 597 683 412 19.9

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 Q 47 58 46 Q 1,721 Q 338 481 743 Q 20.3

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 52 89 75 38 Q 3,608 243 869 1,012 1,257 Q 21.4

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 323 227 135 37 3 8,712 2,381 1,964 2,067 1,810 490 13.9

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 584 214 65 15 Q 10,421 4,020 3,168 1,702 1,283 249 13.7

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 554 177 39 11 3 12,612 5,146 3,872 1,365 1,310 918 13.4

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 707 217 44 13 2 14,014 5,763 3,661 1,963 1,812 815 12.2

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 671 161 26 23 3 14,287 6,732 3,499 1,064 1,705 1,286 13.9

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 99 20 4 5 (*) 2,502 994 654 223 457 174 20.6

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 329 213 153 72 4 13,400 2,834 3,564 2,807 2,847 1,348 13.7

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 634 361 158 47 3 17,280 5,146 5,153 3,042 2,989 950 13.0

 South .............................................. 1,963 1,456 387 84 33 3 24,577 12,892 5,660 2,255 2,714 1,056 12.2

 West ............................................... 870 588 193 51 35 4 12,619 4,552 3,649 1,772 1,827 819 14.6

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 2,848 1,132 438 185 13 66,549 24,572 17,879 9,710 10,256 4,132 6.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 1,494 729 303 130 9 45,097 14,415 13,582 7,524 6,825 2,751 8.0

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 249 153 103 47 6 13,218 2,017 2,435 2,991 3,387 2,387 12.8

 District Heat .................................... 95 33 18 15 27 3 5,339 488 470 744 2,263 1,374 18.6

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 8 7 4 9 1 2,066 160 234 226 848 599 28.5

 Propane .......................................... 337 230 76 23 Q Q 3,393 1,503 918 641 300 Q 20.9

 Any Other ....................................... 163 112 32 15 Q Q 1,551 494 465 427 Q Q 27.0

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 2,492 1,071 425 178 12 61,996 22,052 17,209 9,318 9,432 3,985 6.9

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 2,065 915 354 155 12 57,041 19,852 15,749 8,622 8,755 4,063 7.2

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 1,953 962 404 171 12 58,479 19,719 16,458 9,310 9,031 3,961 7.0

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 377 192 103 54 7 23,065 5,953 5,517 4,208 4,716 2,672 10.6

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 72 29 10 9 Q 3,174 1,257 998 471 401 Q 24.5

See footnotes at end of table.

78 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A12. Floors, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

more

Floors

All

Buildings

One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

more

Floors

0.5 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.8 0.6 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.6

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ......................................... 3,115 1,802 824 336 145 8 48,585 17,203 13,092 7,951 8,076 2,264 7.7

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 764 453 203 85 23 Q 3,873 1,705 1,333 595 186 Q 12.8

 Metal Panels .................................. 745 653 82 Q Q Q 7,392 4,811 1,626 Q Q Q 14.9

 Concrete Panels ............................. 87 49 18 12 8 1 4,961 1,243 1,528 673 1,096 420 21.7

 Window Glass ................................ 46 20 14 5 5 2 2,028 183 168 228 379 1,070 28.1

 Other .............................................. 47 30 Q Q Q 1 1,037 279 Q Q Q 206 30.3

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up .......................................... 1,642 981 405 174 74 8 30,257 10,988 7,768 4,967 4,565 1,970 9.4

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 1,381 781 405 148 46 Q 10,570 3,951 3,879 1,485 921 Q 10.4

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 1,037 871 145 16 Q Q 9,019 6,355 2,235 223 Q Q 15.5

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 386 180 108 64 30 4 11,702 2,588 2,987 2,278 2,594 1,256 13.3

 Slate or Tile .................................... 155 73 35 27 19 Q 1,998 468 435 450 630 Q 22.1

 Concrete ......................................... 37 19 Q 4 7 1 2,544 328 Q 187 1,346 516 32.1

 Other .............................................. 167 102 49 13 Q Q 1,786 747 554 288 Q Q 25.7

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 2,717 981 363 127 5 51,356 22,587 13,872 7,257 6,511 1,129 7.6

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 240 137 63 45 5 11,815 2,293 3,526 1,805 2,671 1,521 12.4

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 38 28 17 8 2 3,206 380 475 730 749 872 19.9

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 Q 8 Q 5 1 1,499 Q 152 Q 446 651 28.4

Building Shape

 Square ............................................ 280 171 77 22 8 2 3,654 1,230 698 447 547 732 18.3

 Rectangle ....................................... 3,659 2,381 830 312 129 8 39,233 17,350 10,179 4,125 5,567 2,012 7.6

 Rectangle or Square with

 Courtyard ....................................... 48 21 17 Q 2 Q 1,372 288 565 Q 308 Q 31.0

 Right Angle ..................................... 333 181 94 41 15 Q 6,071 1,833 2,147 1,233 622 Q 15.8

 Other .............................................. 485 252 136 64 32 3 17,547 4,724 4,436 3,889 3,332 1,166 13.3

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 1,922 553 193 49 Q 17,944 10,122 4,222 1,728 1,514 Q 10.5

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 555 230 79 31 Q 7,524 3,676 2,148 909 790 Q 12.3

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 290 181 57 33 Q 8,077 3,239 2,577 993 1,254 Q 13.1

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 175 128 74 26 Q 10,556 4,273 3,025 2,173 956 Q 11.5

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 47 40 25 17 Q 7,763 2,394 2,492 1,525 1,241 Q 16.7

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 14 18 12 18 2 7,378 1,165 2,318 1,486 2,070 338 17.8

 250 or More .................................... 31 3 4 5 11 8 8,633 556 1,242 1,064 2,553 3,219 18.7

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 657 283 77 22 Q 8,246 3,592 2,516 1,088 706 Q 13.0

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 800 302 122 52 2 14,998 6,752 3,680 2,309 1,876 381 11.5

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 642 236 91 31 4 14,046 5,256 4,219 1,870 1,564 1,137 10.7

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 415 142 60 25 3 12,062 4,454 3,458 1,639 1,355 1,156 12.7

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 298 104 48 28 Q 8,467 2,673 2,556 1,547 1,321 Q 14.6

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 196 86 49 29 3 10,057 2,697 1,598 1,423 3,555 785 14.8

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 2,626 1,022 393 154 11 52,752 21,067 14,328 6,838 7,068 3,451 7.1

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 1,945 805 313 122 8 38,403 13,597 11,140 5,355 5,794 2,517 7.6

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 542 177 66 30 2 12,273 6,536 2,697 1,262 1,029 749 13.8

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 140 40 Q Q Q 2,077 934 491 Q Q Q 20.7

 Government Owned ....................... 599 380 132 53 32 2 15,124 4,357 3,697 3,039 3,309 722 12.9

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 2,509 1,293 744 317 143 11 39,221 10,327 11,064 7,073 7,278 3,478 7.7

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 4,065 2,439 1,033 404 176 13 62,074 21,851 17,252 9,453 9,523 3,994 6.7

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 206 93 44 35 30 5 8,336 1,204 1,776 1,189 2,498 1,667 15.2

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 354 183 111 30 26 4 17,570 4,781 5,174 2,683 3,263 1,668 11.6

 Other .............................................. 78 47 23 Q Q Q 1,612 639 359 Q Q Q 27.9

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 79
Table A12. Floors, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

more

Floors

All

Buildings

One

Floor

Two

Floors

Three

Floors

Four to

Nine

Floors

Ten or

more

Floors

0.5 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.8 0.6 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.6

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 3,343 2,010 857 330 137 9 50,311 18,135 14,282 7,957 6,810 3,128 7.0

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 1,434 600 195 84 6 33,240 12,123 9,741 4,581 4,326 2,469 8.5

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 1,680 796 498 265 114 7 29,684 8,610 8,019 5,358 5,368 2,329 9.1

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass .............................................. 1,068 604 300 103 53 8 25,396 7,551 6,991 3,749 4,340 2,765 10.7

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ..................................... 1,853 992 530 223 99 9 34,071 10,608 9,124 5,459 5,945 2,935 8.5

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 1,159 547 276 130 6 28,937 8,652 7,540 5,499 5,615 1,632 9.3

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System .......... 250 111 67 33 32 6 13,970 2,678 3,071 2,315 3,424 2,482 14.7

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 414 176 129 61 41 8 18,313 3,944 4,629 3,045 3,772 2,923 12.3

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 2,503 1,357 687 305 140 13 49,173 14,958 13,699 8,222 8,204 4,091 7.5

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 282 169 78 39 6 15,241 3,717 3,893 2,616 3,135 1,880 12.3

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 74 28 23 12 10 1 3,072 383 874 431 1,058 326 21.8

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 23 19 8 7 1 3,629 407 827 400 1,189 806 20.6

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 137 115 54 28 4 12,104 2,746 3,264 2,141 2,247 1,707 15.9

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 413 143 143 69 53 5 12,329 1,375 3,648 2,056 3,284 1,967 12.8

 Other .............................................. 78 34 23 10 11 1 2,596 529 595 389 789 294 20.9

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............ 4,357 2,620 1,105 435 184 13 64,403 22,938 17,520 9,776 9,997 4,173 6.9

 Building Shell ................................. 4,223 2,530 1,077 424 179 13 62,056 22,066 17,097 9,558 9,289 4,046 6.9

 HVAC ............................................. 2,604 1,414 719 313 145 13 50,281 15,331 14,092 8,398 8,360 4,100 7.3

 Lighting ........................................... 1,178 541 368 166 93 10 29,453 7,256 7,994 5,049 5,841 3,313 9.4

 Other .............................................. 264 128 82 36 15 2 5,952 1,563 1,866 873 1,182 468 15.4

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

80 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A13. Predominant Exterior Wall Material, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Exterior Wall Material

RSE

Row

Factor

Masonry

Siding

or Shingles

Metal

Panels

Concrete

Panels

Window

Glass Other

0.4 0.5 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.8 2.3

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 3,115 764 745 87 46 47 8.4

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 1,573 595 457 Q Q Q 10.8

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 675 105 155 14 Q Q 12.3

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 488 48 85 20 Q Q 13.6

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 211 13 31 16 8 Q 18.8

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 94 Q 6 11 Q Q 16.9

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 48 Q 8 8 2 Q 22.4

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 19 Q 1 4 1 Q 22.2

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 7 Q 1 1 1 Q 41.2

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 233 43 17 4 Q Q 21.8

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 99 Q Q Q Q Q 32.7

 Food Service ................................. 260 186 60 Q Q Q Q 19.5

 Health Care .................................... 63 47 Q Q Q Q Q 33.3

 Lodging .......................................... 154 114 34 Q Q Q Q 25.7

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 805 176 250 14 Q Q 12.2

 Office .............................................. 749 542 122 44 15 14 12 15.3

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 14 Q Q Q Q Q 59.6

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 186 56 26 Q Q Q 20.0

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 47 Q Q Q Q Q 41.9

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 264 89 Q Q Q Q 21.2

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 326 93 303 27 Q Q 15.4

 Other .............................................. 69 43 Q 21 Q Q Q 38.5

 Vacant ............................................ 319 210 55 39 5 Q Q 21.5

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 126 43 Q Q Q Q 27.3

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 189 60 Q Q Q Q 22.5

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 528 137 48 Q Q Q 15.6

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 667 121 71 Q Q Q 14.9

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 548 106 106 14 6 Q 16.7

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 550 141 229 27 18 17 13.9

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 447 132 255 27 9 13 13.9

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 61 26 33 6 Q Q 29.0

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 503 176 68 6 12 6 18.4

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 759 198 215 12 Q 9 16.6

 South .............................................. 1,963 1,261 257 372 36 18 19 13.3

 West ............................................... 870 592 133 90 34 8 13 20.4

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 3,035 715 691 85 43 46 8.3

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 1,951 320 292 50 27 26 10.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 373 114 48 5 9 10 18.9

 District Heat .................................... 95 77 Q 6 7 1 Q 26.4

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 25 Q Q 2 Q Q 35.9

 Propane .......................................... 337 155 101 74 Q Q Q 25.1

 Any Other ....................................... 163 73 41 45 Q Q Q 24.7

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 2,850 635 533 76 41 42 8.5

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 2,491 473 394 71 38 35 8.8

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 2,465 514 380 74 39 30 8.7

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 546 125 31 15 15 1 15.3

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 74 Q 28 6 Q Q 28.0

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 81
Table A13. Predominant Exterior Wall Material, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Exterior Wall Material

RSE

Row

Factor

Masonry

Siding

or Shingles

Metal

Panels

Concrete

Panels

Window

Glass Other

0.4 0.5 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.8 2.3

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up .......................................... 1,642 1,470 68 29 46 18 11 14.3

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 1,381 865 448 39 6 Q Q 15.4

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 1,037 209 136 660 17 Q Q 16.0

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 386 318 39 5 12 8 Q 22.1

 Slate or Tile .................................... 155 124 30 Q Q Q Q 24.5

 Concrete ......................................... 37 32 Q Q 4 Q Q 46.4

 Other .............................................. 167 97 42 Q Q Q Q 30.1

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 2,662 694 724 75 Q 36 8.6

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 376 61 20 11 16 Q 17.0

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 62 Q Q 1 20 Q 26.8

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 15 Q Q Q 9 4 32.5

Building Shape

 Square ............................................ 280 193 43 32 5 Q Q 21.1

 Rectangle ....................................... 3,659 2,300 586 647 64 34 29 9.2

 Rectangle or Square with

 Courtyard ....................................... 48 39 Q Q Q Q Q 45.8

 Right Angle ..................................... 333 247 49 28 7 Q Q 18.3

 Other .............................................. 485 336 84 33 12 8 13 17.2

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 2,707 675 669 75 38 43 8.8

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 2,015 548 525 42 25 39 9.8

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 570 87 115 29 11 4 16.3

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 122 39 29 Q Q Q 25.0

 Government Owned ....................... 599 408 90 75 13 9 Q 17.5

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 3,343 2,222 523 477 62 28 33 9.7

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 1,292 476 452 46 22 32 10.5

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 1,680 1,134 343 148 26 13 15 12.0

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass .............................................. 1,068 797 116 86 40 21 9 14.2

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ..................................... 1,853 1,300 301 164 37 28 23 11.1

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 1,393 458 232 14 6 Q 12.2

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System .......... 250 188 21 16 12 9 4 19.1

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 414 305 34 39 17 10 10 17.1

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 2,503 1,769 344 271 61 31 27 9.8

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 366 74 103 22 7 2 16.9

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 74 51 Q Q 3 3 Q 31.9

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 38 Q Q 4 Q Q 29.2

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 256 34 14 14 12 9 19.4

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 413 301 86 9 9 5 Q 19.3

 Other .............................................. 78 50 Q Q 5 Q Q 33.7

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............ 4,357 2,905 696 587 83 41 44 8.8

 Building Shell ................................. 4,223 2,821 683 560 77 39 42 8.9

 HVAC ............................................. 2,604 1,838 356 289 63 31 27 9.5

 Lighting ........................................... 1,178 810 171 124 40 17 16 11.5

 Other .............................................. 264 176 47 31 4 Q Q 23.1

See footnotes at end of table.

82 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A13. Predominant Exterior Wall Material, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Exterior Wall Material

RSE

Row

Factor

Masonry

Siding

or Shingles

Metal

Panels

Concrete

Panels

Window

Glass Other

0.4 0.5 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.8 2.3

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 36 25 Q Q Q Q Q 43.3

 HVAC Program .............................. 154 113 16 14 5 2 Q 24.8

 Lighting Program ............................ 228 157 34 20845 22.4

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 110 84 Q 9 5 1 Q 25.5

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 83
Table A14. Predominant Exterior Wall Material, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Exterior Wall Material

RSE

Row

Factor

Masonry

Siding

or Shingles

Metal

Panels

Concrete

Panels

Window

Glass Other

0.4 0.5 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.4 2.2

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 48,585 3,873 7,392 4,961 2,028 1,037 9.1

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 4,401 1,536 1,255 Q Q Q 10.2

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 5,001 730 1,158 108 Q Q 11.4

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 7,867 750 1,345 325 Q Q 12.3

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 7,545 469 1,120 576 283 Q 19.0

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 6,552 Q 426 736 Q Q 16.0

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 6,649 Q 1,158 1,033 286 Q 21.8

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 5,666 Q 366 1,282 377 Q 22.9

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 4,905 Q 565 Q 726 Q 37.7

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 7,714 120 145 379 Q Q 19.8

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 607 Q Q Q Q Q 32.8

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 1,156 282 Q Q Q Q 23.7

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 1,587 Q Q Q Q Q 26.5

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 2,412 230 Q Q Q Q 25.7

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 9,035 686 1,567 886 Q Q 16.6

 Office .............................................. 12,319 7,717 724 782 1,203 1,394 499 15.5

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 1,329 Q Q 230 Q Q 47.8

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 3,471 405 379 Q Q Q 44.8

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 627 Q Q Q Q Q 51.3

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 3,216 440 Q Q Q Q 24.6

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 5,995 518 3,629 1,154 Q Q 18.2

 Other .............................................. 1,130 636 Q 258 Q Q Q 34.3

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 3,082 274 418 235 Q Q 26.1

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 1,483 193 Q Q Q Q 26.8

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 3,286 236 Q Q Q Q 28.4

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 7,530 588 395 Q Q Q 21.3

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 8,651 579 898 Q Q Q 20.7

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 8,536 560 1,395 1,502 463 Q 20.1

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 9,277 717 1,881 1,510 408 220 14.1

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 8,296 894 2,488 1,197 887 524 16.1

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 1,526 105 244 464 76 Q 20.9

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 9,981 1,008 930 1,003 372 106 18.8

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 12,914 1,017 1,774 741 524 310 15.4

 South .............................................. 24,577 17,174 1,052 3,900 1,461 709 281 15.2

 West ............................................... 12,619 8,517 796 789 1,755 423 Q 17.7

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 47,832 3,647 7,131 4,906 2,008 1,024 9.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 34,380 1,965 3,455 3,557 1,024 716 10.8

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 9,622 631 699 1,077 839 350 15.1

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 3,769 Q 331 699 Q Q 25.3

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 1,630 Q Q 221 Q Q 29.1

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 2,042 453 742 Q Q Q 24.9

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 1,123 138 198 Q Q Q 30.7

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 45,520 3,303 5,682 4,663 1,839 988 9.4

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 42,084 2,625 4,854 4,563 1,978 938 9.9

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 43,361 2,908 4,844 4,595 1,831 940 9.6

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 18,177 911 677 1,998 993 309 16.0

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 2,112 Q 617 298 Q Q 26.0

See footnotes at end of table.

84 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A14. Predominant Exterior Wall Material, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Exterior Wall Material

RSE

Row

Factor

Masonry

Siding

or Shingles

Metal

Panels

Concrete

Panels

Window

Glass Other

0.4 0.5 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.4 2.2

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up .......................................... 30,257 24,929 507 1,097 2,417 768 540 15.8

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 10,570 7,856 2,011 191 190 Q Q 16.0

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 9,019 2,162 787 5,512 385 Q Q 16.8

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 11,702 8,832 187 345 1,498 675 165 19.6

 Slate or Tile .................................... 1,998 1,801 167 Q Q Q Q 26.9

 Concrete ......................................... 2,544 1,952 Q Q 346 Q Q 39.7

 Other .............................................. 1,786 1,054 206 Q Q Q Q 29.9

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 51,356 36,972 3,282 7,026 3,639 Q 358 9.5

 26 to 50 .......................................... 11,815 9,265 502 257 1,157 316 Q 20.1

 51 to 75 .......................................... 3,206 1,923 Q Q 135 820 Q 18.4

 76 to 100 ........................................ 1,499 426 Q Q Q 813 224 29.5

Building Shape

 Square ............................................ 3,654 2,733 193 229 202 Q Q 19.7

 Rectangle ....................................... 39,233 26,511 2,655 5,820 2,673 1,115 458 10.0

 Rectangle or Square with

 Courtyard ....................................... 1,372 1,105 Q Q Q Q Q 37.7

 Right Angle ..................................... 6,071 4,836 272 560 310 Q Q 23.2

 Other .............................................. 17,547 13,400 713 711 1,705 523 495 18.5

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 52,752 36,656 3,519 6,591 3,235 1,736 1,015 9.6

 Owner Occupied .......................... 38,403 26,445 2,935 5,126 1,890 1,202 804 9.9

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 12,273 8,944 394 1,197 1,166 380 192 17.9

 Unoccupied .................................. 2,077 1,267 190 268 Q Q Q 30.6

 Government Owned ....................... 15,124 11,929 354 801 1,726 292 Q 18.7

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 50,311 36,344 2,783 5,129 3,871 1,413 771 9.7

 Wall Insulation ................................ 33,240 21,698 2,499 4,779 2,250 1,163 850 10.4

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 29,684 21,861 2,044 2,319 1,989 991 481 11.9

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass .............................................. 25,396 17,813 804 1,557 3,102 1,401 719 14.4

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ..................................... 34,071 25,497 1,744 2,148 2,617 1,333 732 10.6

 Windows that Open ........................ 28,937 22,916 2,050 2,227 1,312 239 Q 16.3

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System .......... 13,970 9,433 195 720 1,934 1,120 568 20.7

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 18,313 12,976 411 1,069 2,316 1,070 472 16.6

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 49,173 36,110 2,189 3,869 4,195 1,938 872 10.4

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 15,241 9,954 666 1,741 1,891 737 253 14.9

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 3,072 2,253 Q Q 339 159 Q 22.1

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 3,629 2,100 Q Q 609 296 Q 20.2

 Time Clock ..................................... 12,104 8,270 368 411 1,665 836 554 21.9

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 12,329 8,681 771 387 1,257 962 271 19.2

 Other .............................................. 2,596 1,748 Q Q 416 Q Q 24.0

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............ 64,403 46,720 3,562 6,355 4,754 2,000 1,011 9.3

 Building Shell ................................. 62,056 45,091 3,510 6,093 4,485 1,879 999 9.3

 HVAC ............................................. 50,281 37,029 2,238 3,995 4,209 1,938 872 10.2

 Lighting ........................................... 29,453 20,672 1,373 2,052 3,120 1,492 744 12.7

 Other .............................................. 5,952 4,601 298 516 317 152 Q 19.2

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 85
Table A14. Predominant Exterior Wall Material, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Exterior Wall Material

RSE

Row

Factor

Masonry

Siding

or Shingles

Metal

Panels

Concrete

Panels

Window

Glass Other

0.4 0.5 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.4 2.2

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 1,079 793 Q Q Q Q Q 35.4

 HVAC Program .............................. 6,370 4,528 213 328 779 335 Q 24.0

 Lighting Program ............................ 8,805 6,074 316 406 1,342 399 269 18.1

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 6,176 4,084 Q 283 1,285 317 Q 21.8

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

86 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A15. Predominant Roof Material, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Roof Material

RSE

Row

Factor

Built-Up

Shingles

(Not Wood)

Metal

Surfacing

Synthetic

or Rubber

Roofing

Slate

or Tile Concrete Other

0.4 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.4 2.6 1.7

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 1,642 1,381 1,037 386 155 37 167 7.7

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 772 927 648 140 75 Q 108 11.5

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 369 250 209 79 38 Q 29 11.6

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 265 137 122 75 25 Q 15 12.9

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 124 49 39 39 12 Q 11 17.0

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 55 11 11 30 4 Q Q 20.4

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 41 5 8 11 Q 3 Q 22.5

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 12 1 Q 10 Q 2 Q 22.7

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 5 Q Q 2 Q 1 Q 36.9

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 127 68 34 41 16 Q 14 20.0

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 62 29 Q Q Q Q Q 32.9

 Food Service ................................... 260 109 77 29 20 Q Q Q 22.2

 Health Care ...................................... 63 25 19 Q 6 Q Q Q 37.8

 Lodging ............................................ 154 56 66 Q 9 10 Q Q 24.3

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 490 285 330 102 Q Q 44 11.3

 Office ............................................... 749 279 258 63 85 34 Q 28 14.5

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 Q Q Q Q Q 7 Q 24.8

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 62 107 44 26 18 Q 19 19.6

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 20 Q Q 8 Q Q Q 34.2

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 37 256 29 Q 25 Q Q 21.3

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 219 113 362 36 Q Q Q 16.0

 Other ................................................ 69 16 Q 24 12 Q Q Q 36.4

 Vacant .............................................. 319 138 70 75 20 Q Q Q 20.1

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 53 56 Q 20 17 Q Q 25.7

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 93 93 Q 26 14 Q Q 22.8

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 294 222 75 62 33 Q 33 16.1

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 375 269 99 79 25 Q 27 15.9

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 328 206 146 55 22 6 20 14.7

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 287 285 285 59 Q 7 40 13.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 195 217 345 67 22 12 27 14.2

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 17 33 50 17 Q 1 Q 27.7

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 226 278 106 100 40 2 19 14.5

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 346 369 269 152 23 5 38 14.6

 South ............................................... 1,963 665 532 537 98 45 20 65 12.7

 West ................................................. 870 405 202 126 35 47 9 46 19.0

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 1,596 1,347 947 378 153 35 160 7.6

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 1,042 755 404 267 87 17 92 9.2

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 169 190 85 73 22 2 16 18.3

 District Heat ..................................... 95 40 10 11 14 13 Q Q 26.9

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 11 Q Q 6 Q Q Q 36.0

 Propane ........................................... 337 55 137 112 14 Q Q Q 25.6

 Any Other ......................................... 163 29 50 59 Q Q Q Q 25.8

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 1,489 1,246 763 368 140 22 150 7.6

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 1,319 1,025 576 318 113 27 124 8.3

 Buildings with Water Heating ........... 3,502 1,284 1,044 554 328 136 20 135 8.0

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 285 232 74 80 22 7 33 13.3

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........... 121 50 18 36 13 Q Q Q 28.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 87
Table A15. Predominant Roof Material, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Roof Material

RSE

Row

Factor

Built-Up

Shingles

(Not Wood)

Metal

Surfacing

Synthetic

or Rubber

Roofing

Slate

or Tile Concrete Other

0.4 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.4 2.6 1.7

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 3,115 1,470 865 209 318 124 32 97 8.7

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 764 68 448 136 39 30 Q 42 17.2

 Metal Panels .................................... 745 29 39 660 5 Q Q Q 24.1

 Concrete Panels .............................. 87 46 6 17 12 Q 4 Q 27.9

 Window Glass .................................. 46 18 Q Q 8 Q Q Q 46.5

 Other ................................................ 47 11 Q Q Q Q Q Q 52.8

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 4,193 1,369 1,231 1,003 302 115 33 139 8.0

 26 to 50 ............................................ 490 222 115 30 67 34 2 21 14.1

 51 to 75 ............................................ 94 39 31 Q 13 Q Q Q 30.2

 76 to 100 .......................................... 29 13 Q Q 3 Q Q Q 40.4

Building Shape

 Square ............................................. 280 121 61 54 27 Q 1 Q 20.6

 Rectangle ......................................... 3,659 1,213 1,027 884 271 111 30 124 8.6

 Rectangle or Square with

 Courtyard ......................................... 48 22 Q Q Q Q Q Q 44.2

 Right Angle ...................................... 333 112 120 41 35 Q Q 15 17.0

 Other ................................................ 485 174 164 53 47 26 Q 18 15.8

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 4,206 1,427 1,264 921 298 131 30 137 8.0

 Owner Occupied ............................ 3,192 958 1,059 697 234 104 21 119 8.7

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 817 392 164 165 55 22 7 13 15.5

 Unoccupied .................................... 197 76 41 59 Q Q Q Q 23.7

 Government Owned ......................... 599 216 118 116 88 24 7 30 15.6

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 3,343 1,120 1,010 682 291 106 18 116 8.2

 Wall Insulation ................................. 2,320 611 745 609 176 73 11 94 9.6

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 1,680 465 614 254 200 74 6 68 10.8

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass ................................................ 1,068 445 278 147 121 30 12 36 12.8

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,853 720 547 258 196 73 5 54 10.6

 Windows that Open ......................... 2,119 599 822 352 156 92 10 89 10.4

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 250 109 49 22 43 16 Q 7 18.7

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 414 166 83 51 75 16 4 20 16.6

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 2,503 960 677 384 265 105 17 95 9.3

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ......................... 574 197 131 137 63 20 3 23 15.7

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ............................................ 74 31 20 Q 4 Q Q Q 32.0

 Occupancy Sensors ......................... 59 29 Q Q 10 Q Q Q 28.7

 Time Clock ....................................... 339 164 81 30 34 13 5 12 18.2

 Manual Dimmer Switches ................ 413 129 155 32 52 24 Q 19 17.0

 Other ................................................ 78 30 16 Q 14 Q Q Q 31.8

See footnotes at end of table.

88 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A15. Predominant Roof Material, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Roof Material

RSE

Row

Factor

Built-Up

Shingles

(Not Wood)

Metal

Surfacing

Synthetic

or Rubber

Roofing

Slate

or Tile Concrete Other

0.4 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.4 2.6 1.7

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............. 4,357 1,512 1,281 853 373 149 32 157 8.0

 Building Shell ................................... 4,223 1,449 1,266 821 363 146 25 152 8.1

 HVAC ............................................... 2,604 998 712 401 270 107 17 98 9.1

 Lighting ............................................ 1,178 426 327 196 124 50 9 45 10.6

 Other ................................................ 264 78 79 44 35 10 Q 14 19.8

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program .................... 36 8 Q Q 6 Q Q Q 41.3

 HVAC Program ................................ 154 66 24 26 23 6 Q Q 22.3

 Lighting Program ............................. 228 80 58 27 37 12 Q 12 20.1

 Other DSM Programs ...................... 110 43 20 17 19 Q Q Q 29.0

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 89
Table A16. Predominant Roof Material, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

or All

Buildings

Floorspace by Roof Material

RSE

Row

Factor

Built-Up

Shingles

(Not Wood)

Metal

Surfacing

Synthetic

or Rubber

Roofing

Slate

or Tile Concrete Other

0.4 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.5 2.3 1.6

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 30,257 10,570 9,019 11,702 1,998 2,544 1,786 8.6

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 2,170 2,463 1,776 391 215 Q 284 11.9

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 2,752 1,791 1,569 592 275 Q 203 11.5

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 4,357 2,149 1,899 1,258 357 Q 234 12.5

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 4,407 1,797 1,391 1,451 445 Q 379 17.0

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 3,873 777 781 2,013 275 Q (*) 19.5

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 5,456 648 1,082 1,557 Q 499 Q 22.5

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 3,446 466 Q 2,912 Q 486 Q 22.8

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 3,796 Q Q 1,528 Q 1,001 Q 33.7

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 4,272 746 403 2,322 364 Q 254 19.6

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 375 161 Q Q Q Q Q 34.3

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 590 436 96 207 Q Q Q 27.2

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 1,062 123 Q 507 Q Q Q 29.0

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 1,191 782 Q 538 225 Q Q 27.7

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 5,898 1,569 2,093 2,126 Q Q 286 17.0

 Office .............................................. 12,319 5,525 1,891 934 2,995 269 255 450 16.8

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 Q Q Q Q Q 1,136 Q 29.3

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 2,138 864 588 597 183 Q 129 31.5

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 362 Q Q (*) Q Q Q 48.9

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 636 2,128 159 Q 580 Q Q 26.6

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 5,409 911 3,569 1,105 Q Q Q 19.2

 Other .............................................. 1,130 378 Q 302 255 Q Q Q 34.6

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 2,055 686 615 519 Q Q Q 30.0

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 565 523 Q 238 219 Q Q 29.0

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 1,430 926 Q 710 289 Q Q 30.4

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 3,996 1,777 783 1,262 586 Q 132 20.6

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 5,716 1,834 764 1,436 260 Q 310 18.1

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 6,568 1,570 1,520 2,139 247 Q 223 19.5

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 5,907 2,142 2,224 2,545 Q 751 293 14.3

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 5,376 1,593 3,027 2,504 206 960 620 17.4

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 699 206 464 868 Q 159 Q 21.4

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 4,889 2,434 853 3,757 526 556 384 17.6

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 6,375 3,213 2,064 4,318 385 Q 361 14.5

 South .............................................. 24,577 11,653 3,168 5,098 2,615 577 917 551 14.9

 West ............................................... 12,619 7,341 1,755 1,004 1,012 511 506 490 17.1

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 29,764 10,321 8,639 11,595 1,990 2,505 1,735 8.8

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 21,299 6,515 4,313 9,387 1,309 1,152 1,122 10.5

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 5,791 1,684 675 3,760 309 680 319 16.9

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 2,413 459 329 1,477 400 Q Q 27.0

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 969 Q Q 626 Q Q Q 35.9

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 1,068 699 858 403 Q Q Q 27.8

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 724 281 269 Q Q Q Q 33.2

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 28,271 9,764 7,121 11,541 1,863 1,741 1,695 9.2

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 26,404 8,606 6,077 10,893 1,608 1,909 1,544 9.6

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 27,321 8,942 5,991 11,207 1,889 1,538 1,591 9.4

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 11,267 2,927 1,153 6,039 675 570 435 16.0

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 1,712 185 651 444 Q Q Q 29.4

See footnotes at end of table.

90 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A16. Predominant Roof Material, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

or All

Buildings

Floorspace by Roof Material

RSE

Row

Factor

Built-Up

Shingles

(Not Wood)

Metal

Surfacing

Synthetic

or Rubber

Roofing

Slate

or Tile Concrete Other

0.4 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.5 2.3 1.6

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ......................................... 48,585 24,929 7,856 2,162 8,832 1,801 1,952 1,054 10.7

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 3,873 507 2,011 787 187 167 Q 206 17.4

 Metal Panels .................................. 7,392 1,097 191 5,512 345 Q Q Q 24.1

 Concrete Panels ............................. 4,961 2,417 190 385 1,498 Q 346 Q 28.1

 Window Glass ................................ 2,028 768 Q Q 675 Q Q Q 31.0

 Other .............................................. 1,037 540 Q Q 165 Q Q Q 53.3

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 51,356 22,455 8,542 8,623 7,245 1,361 1,782 1,349 9.8

 26 to 50 .......................................... 11,815 5,461 1,424 302 3,155 503 590 379 18.0

 51 to 75 .......................................... 3,206 1,664 361 Q 895 Q Q Q 25.3

 76 to 100 ........................................ 1,499 677 Q Q 407 Q Q Q 31.3

Building Shape

 Square ............................................ 3,654 1,656 439 402 785 Q Q Q 24.2

 Rectangle ....................................... 39,233 16,439 6,248 7,141 5,664 1,042 1,623 1,076 9.8

 Rectangle or Square with

 Courtyard ....................................... 1,372 827 Q Q Q Q Q Q 36.0

 Right Angle ..................................... 6,071 2,587 1,383 684 1,170 Q Q 150 23.0

 Other .............................................. 17,547 8,749 2,347 776 3,941 744 553 437 17.1

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 52,752 23,928 9,166 7,817 7,271 1,546 1,638 1,387 9.1

 Owner Occupied .......................... 38,403 15,568 7,642 6,013 5,401 1,352 1,335 1,091 9.3

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 12,273 7,450 1,212 1,412 1,647 147 147 258 18.4

 Unoccupied .................................. 2,077 910 313 392 Q Q Q Q 28.3

 Government Owned ....................... 15,124 6,329 1,404 1,203 4,431 452 906 399 17.6

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 50,311 22,615 7,342 6,327 10,107 1,380 1,105 1,435 9.5

 Wall Insulation ................................ 33,240 14,028 5,003 5,663 6,061 806 583 1,097 11.0

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 29,684 12,010 5,134 2,836 7,150 1,094 661 800 12.3

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass .............................................. 25,396 12,851 2,704 1,838 6,000 604 767 632 14.5

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ..................................... 34,071 17,415 4,411 2,793 7,138 1,154 420 741 11.1

 Windows that Open ........................ 28,937 11,974 6,324 2,704 5,301 1,351 550 733 12.0

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System .......... 13,970 6,851 879 534 4,298 513 533 363 21.7

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 18,313 8,630 1,381 918 6,021 356 506 500 18.3

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 49,173 22,887 6,655 4,517 10,465 1,654 1,617 1,378 10.2

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 15,241 6,933 1,734 1,723 3,627 341 556 328 15.8

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 3,072 1,491 197 Q 756 Q 303 Q 25.5

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 3,629 1,932 Q Q 1,229 Q Q Q 23.3

 Time Clock ..................................... 12,104 6,637 818 544 2,770 219 792 325 20.8

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 12,329 5,238 1,993 432 3,531 531 153 452 17.1

 Other .............................................. 2,596 1,254 209 Q 684 Q Q Q 27.4

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 91
Table A16. Predominant Roof Material, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

or All

Buildings

Floorspace by Roof Material

RSE

Row

Factor

Built-Up

Shingles

(Not Wood)

Metal

Surfacing

Synthetic

or Rubber

Roofing

Slate

or Tile Concrete Other

0.4 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.5 2.3 1.6

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............ 64,403 29,187 10,018 7,593 11,560 1,961 2,337 1,747 8.8

 Building Shell ................................. 62,056 28,249 9,880 7,310 11,420 1,924 1,558 1,715 8.9

 HVAC ............................................. 50,281 23,371 6,932 4,652 10,631 1,690 1,621 1,384 10.0

 Lighting ........................................... 29,453 13,917 3,841 2,299 6,340 861 1,296 900 11.9

 Other .............................................. 5,952 2,639 733 600 1,307 228 Q 136 19.2

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 1,079 341 Q Q 492 Q Q Q 32.3

 HVAC Program .............................. 6,370 3,217 412 453 1,864 131 Q Q 21.9

 Lighting Program ............................ 8,805 3,760 918 387 3,179 235 184 142 20.5

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 6,176 2,633 472 358 2,382 Q Q Q 27.7

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

92 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A17. Employment Size Category, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Number of Workers

RSE

Row

Factor

Less than

5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

0.5 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.4

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 2,718 895 561 405 130 64 31 5.9

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 1,968 514 160 34 Q Q Q 10.1

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 460 218 195 94 Q Q Q 8.5

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 204 115 144 153 25 Q Q 9.3

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 60 37 43 84 41 13 Q 13.8

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 12 8 10 28 32 18 7 15.7

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 8 3 7 10 16 18 9 21.0

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 3 Q Q 2 3 7 9 19.3

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 Q Q Q Q Q 1 4 26.0

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 88 51 58 68 25 11 Q 13.6

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 91 Q Q Q Q Q Q 21.0

 Food Service ................................. 260 98 85 54 20 Q Q Q 17.4

 Health Care .................................... 63 Q Q Q 11 Q 2 3 23.3

 Lodging .......................................... 154 98 18 12 18 5 Q Q 22.5

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 765 272 124 75 23 9 3 11.2

 Office .............................................. 749 199 203 138 122 39 26 21 10.2

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 17 Q Q Q Q Q Q 38.8

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 180 46 29 11 9 Q Q 17.8

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 28 Q Q Q Q Q Q 30.7

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 254 46 39 20 Q Q Q 18.2

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 563 91 58 33 10 4 1 15.6

 Other .............................................. 69 42 Q Q 7 Q Q (*) 30.1

 Vacant ............................................ 319 280 13 21 Q Q Q Q 20.6

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 93 41 14 14 Q Q Q 23.8

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 157 39 36 13 Q 3 Q 21.1

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 476 122 63 46 10 4 3 15.0

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 501 176 94 80 20 7 2 13.6

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 431 131 101 78 23 11 8 12.2

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 514 208 130 80 28 16 6 11.0

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 469 162 109 84 32 20 8 11.0

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 77 16 15 10 5 3 2 25.8

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 404 148 95 77 29 10 7 12.2

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 721 218 122 87 31 17 6 11.6

 South .............................................. 1,963 1,180 341 222 147 43 20 9 10.0

 West ............................................... 870 412 189 122 94 27 17 9 14.3

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 2,530 895 560 405 130 64 31 5.8

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 1,266 560 383 300 87 48 22 7.1

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 304 94 67 43 21 15 14 14.8

 District Heat .................................... 95 22 14 22 17 10 4 7 20.0

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q Q 10 5 3 2 3 27.9

 Propane .......................................... 337 215 64 33 16 5 4 Q 22.7

 Any Other ....................................... 163 119 Q Q Q Q Q Q 18.6

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 2,154 861 540 401 128 64 30 5.9

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 1,623 781 502 384 118 63 31 6.0

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 1,609 777 512 384 126 62 31 6.0

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 260 155 126 105 43 26 18 9.9

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 42 20 23 27 6 3 1 23.2

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 93
Table A17. Employment Size Category, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Number of Workers

RSE

Row

Factor

Less than

5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

0.5 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.4

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 1,922 555 290 175 47 14 3 10.0

 Two ................................................ 1,154 553 230 181 128 40 18 4 9.9

 Three .............................................. 446 193 79 57 74 25 12 5 13.6

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 49 31 33 26 17 18 11 17.9

 Ten or More .................................... 13 Q Q Q Q Q 2 8 20.4

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 2,510 774 451 314 91 39 14 6.8

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 168 105 95 68 28 17 9 11.2

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 29 14 11 21 8 5 5 23.8

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 Q Q Q Q Q 3 3 26.9

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 843 89 65 27 12 Q Q 15.1

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 616 282 185 135 41 13 6 10.8

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 517 225 124 87 27 15 8 10.7

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 281 167 88 67 21 14 7 11.2

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 242 87 70 48 18 11 3 15.0

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 218 44 31 41 11 10 7 14.0

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent ................................... 362 120 64 65 60 23 16 13 12.5

 51-99 Percent ................................. 97 68 10 Q 5 3 Q Q 25.0

 100 Percent .................................... 398 335 31 21 7 Q Q Q 21.3

 None ............................................... 3,948 2,195 791 468 332 101 44 17 6.7

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 2,465 792 469 312 98 46 25 6.3

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 1,856 628 356 232 70 33 18 7.3

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 419 162 110 79 27 13 7 11.2

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 191 Q Q Q Q Q Q 15.8

 Government Owned ....................... 599 253 103 93 92 32 18 7 11.7

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 586 36 23 Q Q Q Q 17.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 442 127 69 35 9 4 1 14.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 265 154 100 63 18 10 8 13.0

 100 ................................................. 2,846 1,424 578 370 303 101 49 22 6.5

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 1,096 115 60 20 12 Q Q 15.0

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 582 268 162 113 37 12 1 10.7

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 251 143 114 92 26 18 14 11.0

 100 ................................................. 1,668 790 369 226 179 55 33 15 8.5

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 407 Q Q Q Q Q Q 15.0

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 665 136 49 20 7 Q Q 13.8

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 352 180 128 103 27 14 8 10.7

 100 ................................................. 2,699 1,294 577 381 281 96 47 24 6.8

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 449 199 96 59 61 17 10 6 14.9

 Furnaces ........................................ 1,692 912 407 210 120 30 10 3 10.6

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 846 281 158 113 41 17 9 10.0

 District Heat .................................... 93 22 14 21 16 10 4 7 20.3

 Boilers ............................................ 624 211 119 95 111 43 29 15 10.1

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 870 305 188 169 133 46 21 8 10.9

 Other .............................................. 42 Q Q Q Q Q Q 1 37.4

See footnotes at end of table.

94 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A17. Employment Size Category, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Number of Workers

RSE

Row

Factor

Less than

5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

0.5 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.4

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central Air

 Conditioners ................................... 816 380 208 130 75 14 8 2 14.6

 Heat Pumps ................................... 454 202 92 61 65 16 11 6 14.7

 Individual Air Conditioners ............. 1,023 574 194 121 85 32 12 5 11.1

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q Q 10 5 3 2 3 27.9

 Central Chillers ............................... 142 24 9 15 33 24 19 18 17.1

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ............................................... 1,459 512 351 263 205 77 34 16 8.4

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 179 83 52 22 12 Q Q Q 31.3

 Other .............................................. 8 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 82.0

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 2,509 1,323 491 339 217 78 40 21 7.2

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 4,065 2,066 848 530 400 126 64 31 5.7

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 206 79 34 25 28 16 15 10 14.7

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 354 122 62 55 52 34 19 9 11.0

 Other .............................................. 78 31 15 Q Q Q Q 2 29.4

Personal Computers and/or

Computer Terminals

 1 to 4 .............................................. 1,269 565 388 196 101 18 Q Q 8.9

 5 to 9 .............................................. 336 16 114 109 77 14 5 Q 15.9

 10 to 19 .......................................... 216 11 23 68 92 16 5 Q 16.6

 20 to 49 .......................................... 164 Q Q 22 80 35 15 2 15.6

 50 to 99 .......................................... 59 Q Q Q 13 24 17 4 17.3

 100 to 249 ...................................... 34 Q Q Q Q 7 14 9 17.3

 250 or More .................................... 19 Q Q Q Q Q 4 14 20.4

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 215 111 106 83 29 17 13 11.5

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 74 34 12 Q 5 7 3 2 23.2

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 Q Q Q 8 6 8 5 22.4

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 111 63 65 50 24 15 11 13.2

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 413 166 81 62 54 23 15 12 12.4

 Other .............................................. 78 26 Q Q 14 8 4 3 23.8

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 3,400 1,733 734 448 318 99 47 21 6.6

 Cooling ........................................... 2,872 1,336 659 413 305 92 46 22 6.5

 Hot Water ....................................... 578 268 110 90 63 30 11 6 12.3

 Lighting ........................................... 4,089 2,170 841 521 362 117 54 25 6.1

 Other .............................................. 547 236 139 91 49 19 8 5 15.8

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 36 Q Q Q Q Q Q 1 32.5

 HVAC Program .............................. 154 51 25 25 22 13 10 7 16.8

 Lighting Program ............................ 228 74 50 26 38 20 13 7 15.4

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 110 28 26 14 13 13 8 7 20.2

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 95
Table A18. Employment Size Category, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Number of Workers

RSE

Row

Factor

Less than

5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

0.5 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.2

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 17,944 7,524 8,077 10,556 7,763 7,378 8,633 7.4

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 5,095 1,554 537 120 Q Q Q 10.5

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 3,329 1,612 1,446 757 Q Q Q 8.2

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 3,053 1,801 2,323 2,608 450 Q Q 9.2

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 2,107 1,348 1,538 3,049 1,445 517 Q 14.0

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 910 595 643 1,899 2,151 1,303 561 15.5

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 1,044 444 922 1,367 2,122 2,550 1,229 20.9

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 1,020 Q Q 628 850 2,139 2,812 19.8

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 Q Q Q Q Q 744 3,951 25.8

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 481 448 738 2,533 2,213 1,874 Q 15.2

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 310 Q Q Q Q Q Q 23.8

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 338 438 414 252 Q Q Q 20.6

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 Q Q Q 162 Q 294 1,040 22.7

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 764 332 220 646 449 Q Q 23.2

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 3,000 1,927 1,550 1,750 1,246 1,188 1,740 14.7

 Office .............................................. 12,319 861 994 1,048 1,952 1,326 1,603 4,535 12.2

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 874 Q Q Q Q Q Q 38.0

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 2,194 495 712 335 334 Q Q 30.0

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 151 Q Q Q Q Q Q 30.9

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 1,989 649 540 428 Q Q Q 22.1

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 3,846 1,446 1,813 1,825 1,135 1,051 368 19.2

 Other .............................................. 1,130 160 Q Q 165 Q Q 162 27.8

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 2,938 230 367 Q Q Q Q 21.4

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 692 444 167 151 Q Q Q 25.2

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 993 453 612 355 Q 476 Q 25.0

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 3,053 1,211 933 1,105 1,023 484 904 19.3

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 2,922 1,236 1,611 2,204 1,222 719 507 15.9

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 2,807 1,227 1,211 2,180 1,685 1,369 2,133 15.3

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 3,165 1,577 1,812 2,088 1,424 1,895 2,053 12.5

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 3,795 1,226 1,531 2,075 1,464 2,069 2,127 14.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 516 152 201 399 301 349 585 23.2

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 2,708 1,328 1,367 2,014 1,899 1,378 2,707 14.9

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 4,747 1,867 1,871 2,521 2,002 2,467 1,805 12.2

 South .............................................. 24,577 7,676 3,013 3,266 3,818 2,286 1,984 2,535 12.6

 West ............................................... 12,619 2,813 1,316 1,573 2,204 1,577 1,549 1,586 13.6

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 16,640 7,524 8,054 10,556 7,763 7,378 8,633 7.5

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 8,079 4,494 5,484 8,357 5,982 6,076 6,625 8.1

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 1,793 786 884 1,094 1,487 2,314 4,860 13.6

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 410 321 494 518 806 674 2,115 22.2

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 Q Q 193 191 327 192 868 28.9

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 929 510 402 445 384 484 Q 21.6

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 514 Q Q Q Q Q Q 22.2

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 13,604 7,075 7,528 10,440 7,652 7,323 8,374 7.5

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 10,719 6,249 6,954 9,990 7,313 7,195 8,621 7.7

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 11,207 6,432 7,089 10,215 7,644 7,278 8,613 7.8

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 2,678 1,326 1,719 3,419 3,424 3,998 6,502 13.7

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 334 256 384 916 395 561 328 25.1

See footnotes at end of table.

96 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A18. Employment Size Category, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Number of Workers

RSE

Row

Factor

Less than

5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

0.5 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.2

Floors

 One ................................................ 25,424 10,122 3,676 3,239 4,273 2,394 1,165 556 12.0

 Two ................................................ 18,025 4,222 2,148 2,577 3,025 2,492 2,318 1,242 12.2

 Three .............................................. 9,877 1,728 909 993 2,173 1,525 1,486 1,064 14.7

 Four to Nine ................................... 10,377 1,514 790 1,254 956 1,241 2,070 2,553 18.8

 Ten or More .................................... 4,173 Q Q Q Q Q 338 3,219 21.7

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 51,356 15,935 6,430 6,760 8,155 5,497 4,677 3,903 8.7

 26 to 50 .......................................... 11,815 1,662 893 1,118 1,907 1,628 2,059 2,549 13.3

 51 to 75 .......................................... 3,206 189 199 142 427 502 424 1,323 23.5

 76 to 100 ........................................ 1,499 Q Q Q Q Q 218 859 28.4

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 8,246 5,524 636 637 663 598 Q Q 17.7

 40 to 48 .......................................... 14,998 3,347 2,032 2,496 3,148 1,859 1,112 1,004 12.4

 49 to 60 .......................................... 14,046 3,047 2,284 1,947 2,033 1,386 1,615 1,733 12.3

 61 to 84 .......................................... 12,062 1,743 1,266 1,120 1,956 1,786 1,695 2,495 14.1

 85 to 167 ........................................ 8,467 1,470 677 1,061 1,365 1,161 1,362 1,369 17.4

 Open Continuously ......................... 10,057 2,812 629 816 1,391 973 1,428 2,009 21.6

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent ................................... 12,420 1,041 634 1,213 1,435 1,296 2,150 4,651 14.9

 51-99 Percent ................................. 2,263 521 239 Q 376 Q Q 256 30.4

 100 Percent .................................... 4,109 3,052 280 228 196 Q Q 59 23.3

 None ............................................... 49,085 13,331 6,372 6,502 8,550 5,981 4,682 3,667 8.3

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 52,752 15,976 6,524 6,412 7,501 5,132 4,593 6,614 8.4

 Owner Occupied .......................... 38,403 10,973 5,015 4,933 5,586 3,584 3,110 5,202 8.3

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 12,273 3,044 1,486 1,437 1,880 1,549 1,472 1,405 16.1

 Unoccupied .................................. 2,077 1,959 Q Q Q Q Q Q 16.9

 Government Owned ....................... 15,124 1,968 1,000 1,665 3,056 2,631 2,785 2,019 15.1

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 6,211 4,578 455 Q Q Q Q Q 22.5

 1 to 50 ............................................ 11,195 3,678 1,659 1,992 1,350 1,123 486 907 19.4

 51 to 99 .......................................... 10,211 1,318 1,265 1,247 1,801 1,200 1,425 1,956 13.9

 100 ................................................. 40,260 8,371 4,146 4,286 7,206 5,329 5,412 5,511 8.0

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 10,835 7,225 1,276 1,123 566 450 Q Q 19.3

 1 to 50 ............................................ 21,715 4,650 3,132 3,447 4,190 3,265 2,228 804 13.4

 51 to 99 .......................................... 13,872 1,249 1,056 1,287 2,391 1,497 2,007 4,386 12.3

 100 ................................................. 21,454 4,820 2,061 2,221 3,410 2,551 2,960 3,430 10.8

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 3,280 3,185 Q Q Q Q Q Q 15.0

 1 to 50 ............................................ 9,980 4,775 1,914 1,433 806 578 Q Q 17.9

 51 to 99 .......................................... 14,224 2,779 1,518 1,604 2,723 1,496 2,007 2,097 15.2

 100 ................................................. 40,393 7,205 4,086 4,986 6,994 5,689 5,072 6,361 8.2

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 8,269 1,219 812 938 1,408 1,161 1,327 1,404 15.9

 Furnaces ........................................ 16,909 4,981 2,917 2,488 2,590 2,133 800 1,001 13.2

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 22,380 5,455 2,569 2,655 3,314 2,638 2,610 3,138 11.6

 District Heat .................................... 5,225 396 314 487 500 785 674 2,070 22.6

 Boilers ............................................ 20,664 2,755 1,516 1,831 3,784 2,882 3,911 3,984 13.2

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 16,000 1,694 1,372 1,992 3,380 2,406 2,689 2,466 12.4

 Other .............................................. 903 Q Q Q Q Q Q 186 32.4

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 97
Table A18. Employment Size Category, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Number of Workers

RSE

Row

Factor

Less than

5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

0.5 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.2

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 9,021 2,114 1,399 1,546 1,596 861 594 910 14.0

 Heat Pumps ................................... 8,406 1,272 818 898 1,454 1,140 1,405 1,420 15.1

 Individual Air Conditioners ............. 17,979 4,095 2,143 2,301 2,807 2,678 1,950 2,004 15.5

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 Q Q 193 191 327 192 868 28.9

 Central Chillers ............................... 12,991 Q 182 355 1,320 1,730 2,688 5,397 15.4

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ............................................... 27,830 3,619 2,612 3,389 5,525 4,500 3,770 4,414 8.9

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 2,085 368 239 296 374 Q Q Q 32.5

 Other .............................................. 268 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 72.3

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 39,221 8,540 4,231 4,618 5,703 4,648 4,910 6,571 8.1

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 62,074 13,520 7,100 7,490 10,414 7,646 7,334 8,570 7.4

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 8,336 714 381 376 886 1,089 1,405 3,485 18.0

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 17,570 1,777 1,174 1,624 2,685 2,920 3,280 4,111 14.1

 Other .............................................. 1,612 270 251 Q Q Q Q 512 35.3

Personal Computers and/or

Computer Terminals

 1 to 4 .............................................. 13,355 3,868 3,496 2,789 2,192 858 Q Q 11.4

 5 to 9 .............................................. 5,970 175 735 1,550 2,075 876 379 Q 16.2

 10 to 19 .......................................... 6,236 225 298 935 2,622 914 704 Q 20.0

 20 to 49 .......................................... 7,439 Q Q 360 2,293 2,203 1,750 555 17.1

 50 to 99 .......................................... 4,908 Q Q Q 483 1,563 2,194 621 18.1

 100 to 249 ...................................... 4,220 Q Q Q Q 561 1,628 1,818 16.7

 250 or More .................................... 5,569 Q Q Q Q Q 424 4,876 21.0

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 15,241 1,661 1,289 1,924 2,519 1,673 2,030 4,145 13.0

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 3,072 444 137 Q 307 335 637 1,039 22.1

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 3,629 Q Q Q 347 382 1,064 1,587 21.0

 Time Clock ..................................... 12,104 Q 679 1,015 1,277 1,238 1,771 4,134 15.4

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 12,329 1,530 842 923 1,190 1,377 2,313 4,155 14.4

 Other .............................................. 2,596 217 Q Q 456 455 467 728 20.7

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 46,248 9,628 5,842 5,649 8,030 6,026 5,194 5,878 7.5

 Cooling ........................................... 42,768 7,658 5,193 5,169 7,747 5,799 5,108 6,095 7.8

 Hot Water ....................................... 9,966 1,602 904 1,216 1,724 1,366 1,363 1,791 13.3

 Lighting ........................................... 54,944 12,716 6,833 7,168 9,110 6,733 5,861 6,523 7.3

 Other .............................................. 7,996 1,151 1,055 1,067 1,235 1,234 1,054 1,199 17.2

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 1,079 Q Q Q Q Q Q 348 28.9

 HVAC Program .............................. 6,370 490 352 308 672 1,038 1,404 2,106 18.0

 Lighting Program ............................ 8,805 845 432 283 1,276 1,408 1,794 2,768 16.9

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 6,176 355 295 181 548 967 1,230 2,600 23.5

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

98 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A19. Weekly Operating Hours, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Weekly Operating Hours

RSE

Row

Factor

39 or

Fewer

Hours

40 to 48

Hours

49 to 60

Hours

61 to 84

Hours

85 to 167

Hours

Open

Continuously

0.6 1.2 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.3

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 1,039 1,278 1,004 645 478 362 5.4

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 688 687 519 324 281 182 7.9

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 188 293 216 146 69 62 9.0

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 107 183 156 87 64 50 9.8

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 37 70 71 41 31 31 12.2

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 14 25 20 24 17 15 15.0

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 Q 16 17 16 10 9 17.2

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26244458 19.9

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 Q (*) 1 2 1 Q 28.3

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 63 127 53 45 11 Q 14.7

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q Q Q 28 69 23 20.3

 Food Service ................................. 260 Q 20 Q 62 137 Q 15.7

 Health Care .................................... 63 Q 24 18 Q Q 11 24.7

 Lodging .......................................... 154 Q Q Q Q Q 137 12.7

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 66 317 448 287 117 37 10.3

 Office .............................................. 749 46 414 175 63 30 20 12.6

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 Q Q Q Q Q 6 32.7

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 113 40 35 43 41 Q 14.4

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q Q Q Q Q 39 22.0

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 284 22 26 22 Q Q 17.6

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 193 243 181 64 33 47 12.9

 Other .............................................. 69 Q 13 10 Q Q 17 28.4

 Vacant ............................................ 319 227 42 23 11 Q Q 19.5

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 57 43 22 17 22 Q 21.3

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 75 71 52 23 21 13 18.4

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 185 208 137 100 61 34 12.7

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 219 245 192 82 88 53 10.1

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 150 188 171 106 86 82 10.6

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 196 244 211 154 99 77 9.8

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 132 249 183 145 91 83 10.5

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 24 30 34 18 10 12 25.8

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 123 191 184 129 83 61 12.6

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 314 294 231 170 127 65 10.6

 South .............................................. 1,963 486 541 395 220 167 154 8.9

 West ............................................... 870 116 252 193 127 101 82 14.4

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 889 1,270 992 641 475 349 5.3

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 407 753 599 404 299 202 6.8

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 119 146 131 77 41 44 14.6

 District Heat .................................... 95 11 34 16 9 7 19 21.4

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q 8 4 4 Q 5 32.6

 Propane .......................................... 337 94 59 69 44 46 26 18.9

 Any Other ....................................... 163 31 54 35 Q Q 18 20.5

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 725 1,186 920 603 436 307 5.5

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 513 1,007 786 528 405 262 5.9

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 507 979 764 518 435 300 5.7

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 116 89 83 149 218 78 10.3

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 Q 46 34 19 7 6 23.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 99
Table A19. Weekly Operating Hours, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Weekly Operating Hours

RSE

Row

Factor

39 or

Fewer

Hours

40 to 48

Hours

49 to 60

Hours

61 to 84

Hours

85 to 167

Hours

Open

Continuously

0.6 1.2 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.3

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 843 616 517 281 242 218 7.7

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 89 282 225 167 87 44 9.8

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 65 185 124 88 70 31 11.8

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 27 135 87 67 48 41 12.0

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 12 41 27 21 18 11 16.0

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 Q 13 15 14 11 10 15.7

 250 or More .................................... 31 Q 6 8 7 3 7 19.1

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 917 1,036 934 577 450 292 5.7

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 646 787 723 437 354 245 6.4

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 99 241 201 138 96 43 10.7

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 173 Q Q Q Q Q 12.9

 Government Owned ....................... 599 122 242 69 68 28 70 12.0

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 323 100 87 43 43 56 14.9

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 109 215 182 89 60 33 11.8

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 78 164 152 105 81 38 11.6

 100 ................................................. 2,846 528 799 583 407 294 235 6.3

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 526 271 217 116 73 100 10.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 127 341 346 197 106 59 8.7

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 80 184 133 102 99 60 10.7

 100 ................................................. 1,668 306 482 307 230 200 142 8.3

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 332 Q 29 Q Q 18 17.5

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 172 261 192 108 91 58 10.1

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 126 245 187 124 79 51 9.1

 100 ................................................. 2,699 408 759 595 402 301 234 6.9

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 449 52 150 101 54 49 44 15.0

 Furnaces ........................................ 1,692 333 474 402 226 173 84 8.4

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 257 401 357 201 117 130 8.6

 District Heat .................................... 93 9 34 16 9 7 19 21.7

 Boilers ............................................ 624 96 165 133 103 60 67 9.2

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 870 104 240 170 158 140 58 10.4

 Other .............................................. 42 Q Q Q Q Q Q 39.8

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 816 139 268 189 104 73 43 12.3

 Heat Pumps ................................... 454 50 151 103 57 49 44 15.0

 Individual Air Conditioners ............. 1,023 156 286 241 151 82 108 9.4

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q 8 4 4 Q 5 32.6

 Central Chillers ............................... 142 13 42 20 30 15 21 16.1

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ............................................... 1,459 188 381 313 259 216 101 8.3

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 179 Q 55 43 15 37 8 28.1

 Other .............................................. 8 Q Q Q Q Q Q 76.9

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 2,509 496 633 489 334 322 234 6.7

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 4,065 618 1,182 942 597 437 290 5.2

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 206 13 45 46 44 29 30 17.4

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 354 30 109 88 50 43 33 12.3

 Other .............................................. 78 Q 26 22 11 11 Q 27.5

See footnotes at end of table.

100 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A19. Weekly Operating Hours, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Buildings by Weekly Operating Hours

RSE

Row

Factor

39 or

Fewer

Hours

40 to 48

Hours

49 to 60

Hours

61 to 84

Hours

85 to 167

Hours

Open

Continuously

0.6 1.2 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.3

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 62 180 138 84 56 54 12.3

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 74 Q 18 7 9 17 19 25.9

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 Q 20 11 10 9 6 25.7

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 35 76 77 59 53 38 14.8

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 413 76 82 69 66 75 44 12.4

 Other .............................................. 78 Q 24 17 13 12 7 26.0

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 3,400 656 1,044 824 535 340 Q 5.7

 Cooling ........................................... 2,872 485 884 700 471 333 Q 6.1

 Hot Water ....................................... 578 144 152 113 89 80 Q 10.7

 Lighting ........................................... 4,089 809 1,247 968 621 444 Q 5.3

 Other .............................................. 547 57 160 157 99 74 Q 13.3

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 36 Q 17 Q 6 Q 6 34.2

 HVAC Program .............................. 154 19 46 26 25 24 14 18.6

 Lighting Program ............................ 228 18 70 41 38 37 23 17.2

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 110 7 29 13 19 27 15 23.7

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 101
Table A20. Weekly Operating Hours, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Weekly Operating Hours

RSE

Row

Factor

39 or

Fewer

Hours

40 to 48

Hours

49 to 60

Hours

61 to 84

Hours

85 to 167

Hours

Open

Continuously

0.5 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.3

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 8,246 14,998 14,046 12,062 8,467 10,057 6.8

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 1,797 1,904 1,430 926 772 498 8.1

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 1,341 2,186 1,610 1,098 492 472 9.1

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 1,592 2,994 2,549 1,408 1,022 810 9.8

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 1,309 2,553 2,536 1,443 1,151 1,077 12.4

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 1,007 1,698 1,440 1,769 1,132 1,015 14.6

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 Q 2,254 2,278 2,152 1,390 1,371 17.4

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 418 1,178 1,188 1,238 1,480 2,387 19.9

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 Q 230 1,016 2,028 1,027 2,427 29.0

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 1,221 2,761 1,447 1,607 1,333 Q 14.3

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 Q Q Q 149 372 200 21.7

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 Q 81 Q 334 862 Q 19.0

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 Q 151 151 Q Q 1,284 22.8

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 Q Q Q Q Q 2,730 15.6

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 348 1,657 3,299 4,667 2,038 392 15.0

 Office .............................................. 12,319 220 4,635 4,037 2,048 752 626 14.4

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 Q Q Q Q Q 1,268 35.8

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 817 353 363 871 978 Q 21.6

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 Q Q Q Q Q 619 29.6

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 1,806 349 647 406 Q Q 21.1

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 878 3,964 3,273 1,305 1,098 967 15.1

 Other .............................................. 1,130 Q 279 290 Q Q 261 27.0

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 2,756 601 267 372 Q Q 24.7

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 385 484 363 147 272 Q 23.4

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 927 883 803 356 402 237 26.6

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 1,564 2,045 2,013 1,393 780 918 16.7

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 1,570 2,877 2,640 1,072 1,117 1,146 12.8

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 1,320 2,617 2,371 2,692 1,910 1,701 15.5

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 1,455 2,614 2,476 2,778 2,248 2,444 11.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 849 2,923 2,720 3,210 1,465 3,120 14.1

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 176 554 661 415 273 423 21.3

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 1,400 2,272 2,622 2,578 2,486 2,042 13.3

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 2,454 3,446 3,474 3,212 2,217 2,477 11.3

 South .............................................. 24,577 3,278 6,543 5,002 3,795 1,938 4,021 11.3

 West ............................................... 12,619 1,114 2,738 2,948 2,477 1,826 1,517 12.3

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 7,083 14,952 14,020 12,028 8,455 10,011 6.8

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 4,032 9,529 9,575 9,141 6,509 6,311 7.8

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 1,137 2,448 2,473 2,320 1,695 3,145 12.2

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 375 807 1,059 702 508 1,888 22.8

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 Q 312 357 178 278 724 29.8

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 522 532 674 533 493 639 19.6

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 176 323 292 Q Q 240 27.0

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 6,000 13,745 13,251 11,529 8,141 9,329 7.1

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 4,632 12,558 12,218 11,158 7,742 8,733 7.5

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 5,005 12,613 12,405 11,308 8,020 9,128 7.3

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 1,828 3,010 3,118 5,195 4,750 5,163 12.5

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 Q 891 920 418 403 410 25.2

See footnotes at end of table.

102 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A20. Weekly Operating Hours, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Weekly Operating Hours

RSE

Row

Factor

39 or

Fewer

Hours

40 to 48

Hours

49 to 60

Hours

61 to 84

Hours

85 to 167

Hours

Open

Continuously

0.5 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.3

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 17,944 5,524 3,347 3,047 1,743 1,470 2,812 13.4

 5 to 9 .............................................. 7,524 636 2,032 2,284 1,266 677 629 13.1

 10 to 19 .......................................... 8,077 637 2,496 1,947 1,120 1,061 816 15.7

 20 to 49 .......................................... 10,556 663 3,148 2,033 1,956 1,365 1,391 12.7

 50 to 99 .......................................... 7,763 598 1,859 1,386 1,786 1,161 973 18.4

 100 to 249 ...................................... 7,378 Q 1,112 1,615 1,695 1,362 1,428 18.8

 250 or More .................................... 8,633 Q 1,004 1,733 2,495 1,369 2,009 17.9

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 52,752 6,161 11,030 12,019 10,020 6,238 7,284 7.1

 Owner Occupied .......................... 38,403 3,827 8,209 9,168 7,033 4,707 5,459 7.1

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 12,273 535 2,704 2,796 2,950 1,531 Q 12.6

 Unoccupied .................................. 2,077 1,798 Q Q Q Q Q 14.9

 Government Owned ....................... 15,124 2,085 3,968 2,027 2,042 2,229 2,773 14.5

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 6,211 2,369 1,309 845 541 409 737 24.0

 1 to 50 ............................................ 11,195 1,083 2,579 2,635 1,654 1,771 1,473 18.3

 51 to 99 .......................................... 10,211 467 2,096 2,877 2,227 1,275 1,269 13.4

 100 ................................................. 40,260 4,327 9,015 7,690 7,639 5,012 6,577 7.9

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 10,835 3,614 2,441 1,828 904 725 1,324 14.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 21,715 2,176 5,216 5,317 3,796 2,860 2,351 11.2

 51 to 99 .......................................... 13,872 521 2,726 2,784 3,123 2,379 2,340 13.1

 100 ................................................. 21,454 1,935 4,616 4,118 4,238 2,504 4,043 11.0

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 3,280 2,853 Q 129 Q Q 88 20.7

 1 to 50 ............................................ 9,980 1,482 2,803 2,242 1,413 1,267 774 15.3

 51 to 99 .......................................... 14,224 1,002 2,993 3,107 3,021 1,760 2,342 14.3

 100 ................................................. 40,393 2,910 9,094 8,568 7,562 5,406 6,853 8.4

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 8,269 353 1,904 1,852 1,683 900 1,578 16.2

 Furnaces ........................................ 16,909 2,241 3,794 4,053 3,019 2,682 1,121 11.2

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 22,380 2,076 4,460 5,593 4,165 2,717 3,368 10.7

 District Heat .................................... 5,225 332 792 1,051 695 504 1,850 23.3

 Boilers ............................................ 20,664 1,829 4,262 4,104 3,636 2,639 4,194 11.9

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 16,000 784 3,548 3,166 3,832 2,932 1,737 12.6

 Other .............................................. 903 Q Q Q Q Q Q 34.7

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 9,021 912 2,481 2,250 1,329 1,002 1,046 13.2

 Heat Pumps ................................... 8,406 374 1,916 1,757 1,810 945 1,604 16.1

 Individual Air Conditioners ............. 17,979 1,767 3,649 3,303 2,838 2,054 4,368 15.3

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 Q 312 357 178 278 724 29.8

 Central Chillers ............................... 12,991 374 2,013 2,143 3,212 1,358 3,891 18.0

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ............................................... 27,830 2,088 5,989 5,784 5,879 4,224 3,866 9.5

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 2,085 Q 494 582 287 297 309 28.2

 Other .............................................. 268 Q Q Q Q Q Q 68.5

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 39,221 3,940 8,138 8,364 7,105 5,692 5,981 7.6

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 62,074 5,447 13,833 13,398 11,710 8,266 9,421 7.0

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 8,336 290 1,126 1,626 1,795 1,556 1,943 16.5

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 17,570 936 2,914 3,545 3,559 3,148 3,468 12.3

 Other .............................................. 1,612 Q 320 318 367 Q Q 29.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 103
Table A20. Weekly Operating Hours, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace by Weekly Operating Hours

RSE

Row

Factor

39 or

Fewer

Hours

40 to 48

Hours

49 to 60

Hours

61 to 84

Hours

85 to 167

Hours

Open

Continuously

0.5 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.3

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 15,241 756 2,951 3,117 3,048 2,637 2,732 12.5

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 3,072 Q 391 336 788 532 917 22.2

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 3,629 Q 757 701 553 777 804 21.8

 Time Clock ..................................... 12,104 465 1,502 2,314 3,054 2,150 2,620 17.3

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 12,329 805 1,594 2,398 2,427 2,442 2,664 13.6

 Other .............................................. 2,596 Q 491 574 565 375 499 21.1

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 46,248 5,241 11,764 12,021 10,403 6,819 Q 6.7

 Cooling ........................................... 42,768 4,078 10,698 11,114 10,219 6,660 Q 7.1

 Hot Water ....................................... 9,966 1,500 2,409 2,356 2,277 1,425 Q 11.9

 Lighting ........................................... 54,944 6,324 14,685 13,832 11,916 8,187 Q 6.3

 Other .............................................. 7,996 695 1,877 2,284 2,062 1,078 Q 19.1

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 1,079 Q 221 Q 215 Q 312 29.6

 HVAC Program .............................. 6,370 336 971 1,021 1,645 1,016 1,381 17.1

 Lighting Program ............................ 8,805 469 1,315 1,598 1,720 2,056 1,647 15.5

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 6,176 170 740 881 1,134 1,882 1,368 19.1

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

104 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A21. Occupancy of Government-Owned Buildings, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings

Government-Owned Buildings

All

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

0.4 0.8 2.1 1.5 0.9 0.4 0.9 2.0 1.5 1.0

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 599 51 117 431 67,876 15,124 1,189 3,766 10,170 9.2

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 258 25 47 186 7,327 689 65 116 508 13.0

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 114 Q Q 87 7,199 848 Q Q 662 13.8

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 108 7 24 76 10,375 1,735 114 391 1,230 14.3

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 53 Q 14 36 10,069 1,953 Q 508 1,344 16.5

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 34 Q 7 25 8,062 2,241 Q 508 1,653 12.1

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 21 Q 5 13 9,678 2,858 Q 613 1,859 16.7

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 10 Q 3 6 7,889 2,932 Q 885 1,866 20.7

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 2 (*) Q 1 7,278 1,869 189 632 1,047 30.4

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 201 Q 35 163 8,470 6,961 Q 1,198 5,727 12.3

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q Q Q Q 757 Q Q Q Q 34.8

 Food Service ................................. 260 10 Q Q Q 1,491 157 Q Q Q 31.8

 Health Care .................................... 63 13 Q 4 8 1,763 521 Q 158 326 34.7

 Lodging .......................................... 154 15 Q 8 Q 2,891 370 Q 269 Q 28.1

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 63 14 Q 35 12,402 1,082 278 Q Q 21.3

 Office .............................................. 749 69 11 17 41 12,319 1,654 448 528 679 18.5

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 6 Q Q 6 1,652 729 Q Q Q 56.3

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 65 Q 12 50 4,556 1,353 Q 461 861 21.3

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 49 Q Q 40 820 767 Q Q 537 31.1

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 QQQQ 3,747 Q Q Q Q 26.3

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 59 3 Q 47 11,484 599 177 Q 362 20.4

 Other .............................................. 69 16 Q Q Q 1,130 242 Q Q Q 39.8

 Vacant ............................................ 319 34 Q Q 22 4,396 683 Q Q Q 30.4

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 QQQQ 1,721 Q Q Q Q 29.3

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 29 Q Q 18 3,608 904 Q Q 548 31.0

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 80 9 17 55 8,712 2,059 218 676 1,165 18.8

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 129 Q 37 83 10,421 2,365 Q 516 1,713 16.3

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 125 Q 21 100 12,612 4,041 Q 816 2,917 16.0

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 117 9 16 93 14,014 3,237 163 796 2,279 16.3

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 87 9 18 59 14,287 1,681 166 408 1,107 16.5

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 26 Q 5 20 2,502 704 Q 206 390 25.1

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 88 12 18 58 13,400 3,422 107 747 2,568 16.4

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 132 6 Q 98 17,280 4,153 268 1,231 2,654 19.0

 South .............................................. 1,963 234 22 34 179 24,577 5,097 547 955 3,595 14.2

 West ............................................... 870 146 11 37 97 12,619 2,452 Q 832 1,354 18.0

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 578 43 116 419 66,549 14,948 1,139 3,748 10,060 9.3

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 356 18 74 264 45,097 10,945 671 2,800 7,474 11.3

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 75 Q 13 52 13,218 3,798 288 940 2,570 15.3

 District Heat .................................... 95 51 Q 24 21 5,339 2,446 375 1,153 918 19.9

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 18 Q 7 9 2,066 992 Q 449 446 31.6

 Propane .......................................... 337 32 Q Q 23 3,393 699 Q Q 624 26.7

 Any Other ....................................... 163 19 Q Q 12 1,551 469 Q Q 334 32.4

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 105
Table A21. Occupancy of Government-Owned Buildings, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings

Government-Owned Buildings

All

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

0.4 0.8 2.1 1.5 0.9 0.4 0.9 2.0 1.5 1.0

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 537 42 109 386 61,996 14,478 1,134 3,650 9,694 9.4

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 422 31 90 301 57,041 13,128 1,059 3,328 8,742 10.3

 Buildings with Water

 Heating .......................................... 3,502 449 40 89 320 58,479 13,852 1,093 3,575 9,184 9.6

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 117 Q 20 94 23,065 8,064 437 1,813 5,814 14.5

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ............................... 121 12 Q Q Q 3,174 330 Q Q Q 32.1

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................. 399 46 Q 8 29 5,623 1,349 Q 524 763 27.9

 5,500-7,000 HDD ......................... 1,134 133 9 32 91 18,024 4,053 431 981 2,641 19.9

 4,000-5,499 HDD ......................... 1,077 114 13 20 82 16,162 4,066 336 968 2,762 21.9

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,101 162 10 26 127 15,251 3,296 213 909 2,175 24.1

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,095 144 11 32 102 12,816 2,360 148 384 1,828 19.2

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ......................................... 3,115 408 32 84 292 48,585 11,929 746 3,203 7,980 9.9

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 764 90 Q Q 63 3,873 354 Q Q 246 19.5

 Metal Panels .................................. 745 75 Q 12 60 7,392 801 Q 134 616 20.4

 Concrete Panels ............................. 87 13 Q 3 7 4,961 1,726 Q 314 1,092 29.0

 Window Glass ................................ 46 9 Q Q Q 2,028 292 Q Q Q 42.9

 Other .............................................. 47 QQQQ 1,037 Q Q Q Q 50.8

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up .......................................... 1,642 216 14 36 166 30,257 6,329 728 1,155 4,447 12.3

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 1,381 118 Q 21 82 10,570 1,404 Q 554 747 16.7

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 1,037 116 Q 26 86 9,019 1,203 Q 257 895 18.2

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 386 88 9 24 55 11,702 4,431 225 1,315 2,891 17.6

 Slate or Tile .................................... 155 24 Q 6 13 1,998 452 Q 87 322 28.9

 Concrete ......................................... 37 7 Q 2 Q 2,544 906 Q Q Q 48.1

 Other .............................................. 167 30 Q Q 24 1,786 399 Q Q 278 32.7

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 380 27 68 285 25,424 4,357 429 615 3,313 12.1

 Two ................................................ 1,154 132 11 26 96 18,025 3,697 183 899 2,616 14.9

 Three .............................................. 446 53 Q 12 32 9,877 3,039 Q 711 2,195 15.5

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 32 5 10 17 10,377 3,309 Q 1,356 1,629 20.4

 Ten or More .................................... 13 2 (*) 1 Q 4,173 722 121 185 Q 27.3

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 491 41 96 354 51,356 10,497 891 2,870 6,736 10.5

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 83 8 15 60 11,815 3,553 232 725 2,595 15.9

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 19 Q Q 15 3,206 891 Q Q 723 23.2

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 7 Q Q Q 1,499 184 Q Q Q 42.7

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 253 23 47 184 17,944 1,968 195 301 1,472 14.8

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 103 13 19 71 7,524 1,000 102 271 628 16.8

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 93 Q 17 72 8,077 1,665 Q 556 1,045 18.6

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 92 Q 19 68 10,556 3,056 Q 653 2,251 14.8

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 32 Q 9 21 7,763 2,631 Q 768 1,729 15.8

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 18 Q 3 13 7,378 2,785 Q 639 2,002 19.8

 250 or More .................................... 31 7 Q 2 2 8,633 2,019 398 577 1,044 26.0

See footnotes at end of table.

106 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A21. Occupancy of Government-Owned Buildings, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings

Government-Owned Buildings

All

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

0.4 0.8 2.1 1.5 0.9 0.4 0.9 2.0 1.5 1.0

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 122 Q 12 99 8,246 2,085 Q Q 1,636 17.2

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 242 14 48 179 14,998 3,968 324 555 3,089 12.7

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 69 10 10 50 14,046 2,027 Q 402 1,296 17.4

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 68 Q 20 43 12,062 2,042 Q 548 1,407 15.4

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 28 Q 8 17 8,467 2,229 Q 729 1,392 22.8

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 70 Q 19 43 10,057 2,773 253 1,169 1,351 20.5

Additional Operating Hours for

Equipment Use

 Heating and/or Cooling .................. 1,223 154 15 24 114 20,300 4,733 408 1,160 3,165 15.9

 Lighting ........................................... 633 58 Q 10 42 12,886 2,970 233 615 2,122 17.9

 Heating and/or Cooling and

 Lighting .......................................... 371 39 Q 6 28 8,717 2,376 Q 549 1,687 21.6

 No Additional Hours ....................... 3,320 427 35 90 302 43,407 9,798 688 2,541 6,570 11.1

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent ................................... 362 18 Q 4 12 12,420 1,504 Q 351 966 27.8

 51-99 Percent ................................. 97 7 Q Q Q 2,263 Q Q Q Q 42.3

 100 Percent .................................... 398 81 Q 10 63 4,109 1,025 Q 177 769 24.3

 None ............................................... 3,948 493 40 100 352 49,085 12,075 912 2,887 8,277 9.8

Number of Establishments

 One ................................................ 3,886 527 36 109 382 47,997 12,441 778 2,970 8,694 9.9

 2 to 5 .............................................. 517 32 Q 5 21 7,882 1,139 Q 485 431 24.0

 6 to 10 ............................................ 89 QQQQ 2,562 Q Q Q Q 25.7

 11 to 20 .......................................... 49 QQQQ 2,039 Q Q Q Q 38.4

 More than 20 .................................. 36 QQQQ 4,938 Q Q Q Q 39.2

 Currently Unoccupied ..................... 229 32 Q Q Q 2,457 381 Q Q Q 33.2

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation .................................... 735 119 Q 20 95 22,166 8,068 437 1,813 5,819 14.1

 Computer Room ............................. 223 47 5 13 29 14,199 3,847 450 1,004 2,392 16.8

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ..................................... 236 53 Q 11 36 8,042 3,277 155 796 2,327 16.6

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ................... 203 25 Q 5 20 6,862 1,807 Q 229 1,493 20.3

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ........... 1,667 386 28 102 256 31,564 9,755 685 3,145 5,925 12.1

 with Central Physical Plant ........... 223 111 13 43 55 8,395 4,275 376 1,755 2,143 20.2

 No Central Physical Plant ............ 1,444 275 15 60 201 23,170 5,480 308 1,390 3,782 14.1

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ........... 3,139 213 23 15 175 36,312 5,369 504 621 4,244 12.2

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 66 Q 10 46 6,211 746 Q 198 480 24.8

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 39 Q 5 32 11,195 1,944 Q Q 1,307 25.8

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 64 6 11 47 10,211 1,896 Q 347 1,285 19.2

 100 ................................................. 2,846 430 32 92 306 40,260 10,538 718 2,722 7,099 9.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 107
Table A21. Occupancy of Government-Owned Buildings, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings

Government-Owned Buildings

All

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

0.4 0.8 2.4 1.5 0.9 0.4 0.8 1.9 1.5 1.0

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 177 20 27 130 10,835 1,996 130 438 1,428 14.5

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 136 11 27 98 21,715 5,301 233 1,270 3,798 16.2

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 78 9 18 51 13,872 3,663 486 882 2,295 17.0

 100 ................................................. 1,668 209 11 46 152 21,454 4,164 340 1,175 2,649 13.9

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 36 Q Q 20 3,280 469 Q Q 345 31.8

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 77 Q 18 55 9,980 1,112 167 Q 489 18.9

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 110 14 23 73 14,224 2,976 248 767 1,961 14.9

 100 ................................................. 2,699 377 24 70 283 40,393 10,566 691 2,500 7,375 11.0

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 449 51 Q 12 37 8,269 1,158 Q 236 884 22.3

 Furnaces ........................................ 1,692 150 12 29 108 16,909 2,315 197 606 1,513 18.7

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 175 Q 38 131 22,380 4,556 175 1,313 3,068 13.6

 District Heat .................................... 93 50 Q 23 20 5,225 2,384 360 1,138 886 20.5

 Boilers ............................................ 624 147 14 25 108 20,664 7,356 403 1,665 5,287 12.4

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 870 93 5 11 77 16,000 2,574 Q 232 2,170 19.8

 Other .............................................. 42 Q Q Q Q 903 Q Q Q Q 49.5

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ............... 473 116 12 21 82 13,263 5,546 375 1,348 3,822 14.6

 Ducts for Heating ......................... 2,955 346 28 68 250 45,422 9,887 902 2,388 6,597 10.9

 Heating Only .............................. 577 90 Q 13 68 5,950 2,194 Q 449 1,698 22.3

 Heating and Cooling ................... 2,378 257 19 55 183 39,472 7,693 855 1,940 4,899 11.4

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used ............................. 210 48 5 10 33 11,528 3,388 255 839 2,295 19.3

 Fan Coil Units for Heating ............ 99 34 Q 12 19 5,474 2,021 178 712 1,131 19.0

 Heating Only .............................. 78 23 Q Q 13 3,569 1,224 Q 301 807 22.8

 Heating and Cooling ................... 21 11 Q 5 6 1,906 797 Q 411 324 30.0

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 175 Q 38 131 22,380 4,556 175 1,313 3,068 13.6

 Other .............................................. 181 25 Q Q 18 3,310 739 Q Q 557 29.9

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central Air

 Conditioners .................................. 816 76 Q 17 56 9,021 1,593 Q 490 991 18.7

 Heat Pumps ................................... 454 50 Q 12 36 8,406 1,035 Q 238 741 21.4

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................. 1,023 134 12 28 94 17,979 5,232 212 1,262 3,758 14.8

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 18 Q 7 9 2,066 992 Q 449 446 31.7

 Central Chillers ............................... 142 52 5 14 33 12,991 4,200 542 1,177 2,481 18.2

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units .............................................. 1,459 153 11 24 117 27,830 5,375 417 1,365 3,593 13.8

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 179 25 Q Q 14 2,085 434 Q Q 139 44.9

 Other .............................................. 8 Q Q Q Q 268 Q Q Q Q 96.7

See footnotes at end of table.

108 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A21. Occupancy of Government-Owned Buildings, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings

Government-Owned Buildings

All

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

0.4 0.8 2.4 1.5 0.9 0.4 0.8 1.9 1.5 1.0

Cooling Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Ducts for Cooling ............................ 2,733 313 23 71 220 47,755 10,014 990 2,632 6,392 10.9

 Cooling Only ................................. 355 56 Q 16 37 8,283 2,321 Q 692 1,493 21.0

 Heating and Cooling ..................... 2,378 257 19 55 183 39,472 7,693 855 1,940 4,899 11.4

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used ............................... 221 40 6 11 23 12,430 3,133 306 1,187 1,640 17.1

 Fan Coil Units for Cooling .............. 56 19 Q 7 12 3,875 1,449 Q 582 788 24.3

 Cooling Only ................................. 35 8 Q Q 6 1,969 652 Q Q 464 41.6

 Heating and Cooling ..................... 21 11 Q 5 6 1,906 797 Q 411 324 30.0

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................. 1,023 134 12 28 94 17,979 5,232 212 1,262 3,758 14.8

 Other .............................................. 111 19 Q Q 17 2,919 599 Q Q 499 36.4

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 2,509 267 20 59 189 39,221 8,765 548 2,059 6,157 11.0

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 4,065 530 41 105 384 62,074 14,583 1,059 3,677 9,847 9.3

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 206 32 Q 5 23 8,336 2,230 143 524 1,564 21.5

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 354 78 Q 15 57 17,570 6,195 414 1,555 4,227 13.7

 Other .............................................. 78 QQQQ 1,612 Q Q Q Q 40.2

Personal Computers and/or

Computer Terminals

 1 to 4 .............................................. 1,269 136 12 30 95 13,355 1,559 243 435 881 15.3

 5 to 9 .............................................. 336 44 Q 6 33 5,970 813 Q 195 545 20.9

 10 to 19 .......................................... 216 55 Q 8 41 6,236 1,720 Q 317 1,265 18.3

 20 to 49 .......................................... 164 57 Q 13 42 7,439 2,494 Q 517 1,917 16.8

 50 to 99 .......................................... 59 24 Q 4 18 4,908 2,309 Q 441 1,572 19.4

 100 to 249 ...................................... 34 13 Q 5 7 4,220 1,967 Q 709 1,206 23.6

 250 or More .................................... 19 4 (*) 1 2 5,569 1,446 181 278 987 26.7

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 3,343 422 40 77 306 50,311 12,023 979 2,986 8,058 9.7

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 259 26 48 185 33,240 5,768 509 1,381 3,879 11.4

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 1,680 184 22 32 130 29,684 5,988 628 1,429 3,931 11.5

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass ............................................. 1,068 122 12 19 91 25,396 5,250 510 1,198 3,542 14.8

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings .................................... 1,853 263 22 52 189 34,071 7,749 652 2,125 4,973 11.4

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 378 32 67 280 28,937 9,030 474 1,802 6,754 10.8

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System .......... 250 54 6 12 36 13,970 4,009 307 1,256 2,446 17.6

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 414 77 11 18 47 18,313 5,393 719 1,556 3,118 15.3

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 2,503 425 34 93 298 49,173 13,179 1,006 3,366 8,807 10.2

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 109
Table A21. Occupancy of Government-Owned Buildings, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings

Government-Owned Buildings

All

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

0.4 0.8 2.4 1.5 0.9 0.4 0.8 1.9 1.5 1.0

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 92 14 17 61 15,241 4,008 423 1,226 2,359 16.8

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ......................................... 74 11 Q 1 9 3,072 681 Q Q 290 31.1

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 14 Q 4 8 3,629 1,076 350 Q 370 27.8

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 37 Q 6 28 12,104 1,915 143 355 1,418 24.8

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 413 33 Q 9 21 12,329 2,605 Q 756 1,737 21.7

 Other .............................................. 78 24 Q Q 15 2,596 989 Q Q 532 29.6

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............ 4,357 565 49 113 404 64,403 14,773 1,106 3,731 9,936 9.3

 Building Shell ................................. 4,223 539 48 102 389 62,056 14,168 1,083 3,390 9,695 9.3

 HVAC ............................................. 2,604 432 34 94 304 50,281 13,276 1,015 3,376 8,885 10.1

 Lighting ........................................... 1,178 156 18 33 105 29,453 6,593 701 1,836 4,057 13.0

 Other .............................................. 264 44 Q 7 33 5,952 1,554 225 284 1,046 16.4

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 3,400 408 29 74 305 46,248 10,572 765 2,218 7,589 9.8

 Cooling ........................................... 2,872 321 24 58 239 42,768 9,727 758 2,083 6,886 10.8

 Hot Water ....................................... 578 73 5 10 58 9,966 2,914 180 429 2,306 15.7

 Lighting ........................................... 4,089 494 33 95 366 54,944 11,908 870 2,546 8,492 9.4

 Other .............................................. 547 52 Q 10 36 7,996 1,767 Q Q 1,092 19.8

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control

 System .......................................... 236 75 7 14 54 14,320 4,873 505 1,413 2,955 16.5

 Demand-Side Management

 Participation .................................. 315 86 11 16 59 11,310 4,279 407 923 2,949 17.2

 Energy Audit ................................... 521 122 Q 30 80 14,779 4,505 423 1,328 2,755 13.9

 Building Energy

 Manager ........................................ 49 18 Q Q 13 2,311 777 Q Q 561 36.5

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 36 13 Q Q Q 1,079 367 Q Q Q 37.4

 HVAC Program .............................. 154 49 Q 6 39 6,370 2,250 Q 570 1,495 21.7

 Lighting Program ............................ 228 62 Q 14 39 8,805 3,313 376 730 2,207 20.6

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 110 38 Q 6 23 6,176 2,494 245 551 1,698 24.0

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

110 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A22. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned Buildings,

 Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All Nongovernment-Owned Buildings

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Owner Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied Unoccupied

0.7 0.7 0.8 1.3 2.1

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 4,206 3,192 817 197 5.0

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 2,423 1,859 437 127 7.0

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 861 660 167 34 6.9

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 540 396 126 18 8.8

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 228 169 47 12 10.1

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 82 57 22 Q 12.4

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 50 38 11 Q 13.7

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 16 11 5 Q 16.2

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 7 4 Q Q 32.2

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 99 89 Q Q 15.1

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 130 107 24 Q 19.9

 Food Service ................................... 260 250 200 51 Q 12.2

 Health Care ...................................... 63 51 37 Q Q 20.9

 Lodging ............................................ 154 139 135 Q Q 15.9

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 1,210 907 303 Q 7.0

 Office ............................................... 749 680 524 155 Q 7.7

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 18 16 Q Q 35.6

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 213 191 23 Q 12.2

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 QQQQ 27.4

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 365 349 Q Q 13.3

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 702 533 170 Q 9.6

 Other ................................................ 69 53 42 Q Q 26.3

 Vacant .............................................. 319 285 54 34 197 12.1

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 163 135 23 Q 20.0

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 226 175 39 Q 15.6

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 644 478 122 45 9.7

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 751 561 147 43 8.8

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 659 495 130 34 9.1

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 865 657 171 36 9.0

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 797 606 171 20 8.7

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 102 85 14 Q 22.9

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 683 552 112 19 12.4

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 1,070 844 173 53 9.5

 South ............................................... 1,963 1,729 1,267 361 101 7.9

 West ................................................. 870 725 529 171 24 15.6

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 4,037 3,127 796 114 5.0

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 2,309 1,814 458 37 6.7

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 483 413 63 Q 14.9

 District Heat ..................................... 95 44 35 9 Q 23.1

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 11 9 Q Q 33.3

 Propane ........................................... 337 305 240 57 Q 18.6

 Any Other ......................................... 163 144 125 Q Q 16.8

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 3,641 2,875 701 65 5.1

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 3,079 2,393 641 45 5.6

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 3,502 3,053 2,414 589 49 5.6

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 617 496 114 Q 8.3

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 121 108 83 21 Q 20.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 111
Table A22. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned Buildings,

 Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All Nongovernment-Owned Buildings

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Owner Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied Unoccupied

0.7 0.7 0.8 1.3 2.1

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................... 399 353 291 53 Q 19.1

 5,500-7,000 HDD ........................... 1,134 1,001 812 151 39 14.2

 4,000-5,499 HDD ........................... 1,077 962 733 187 43 18.7

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 1,101 939 686 211 42 18.8

 More than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 1,095 951 670 216 64 12.2

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 3,115 2,707 2,015 570 122 5.5

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 764 675 548 87 39 10.6

 Metal Panels .................................... 745 669 525 115 29 11.3

 Concrete Panels .............................. 87 75 42 29 Q 17.5

 Window Glass .................................. 46 38 25 11 Q 28.4

 Other ................................................ 47 43 39 4 Q 30.3

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 1,642 1,427 958 392 76 6.3

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 1,381 1,264 1,059 164 41 8.0

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 1,037 921 697 165 59 9.4

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 386 298 234 55 Q 9.9

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 155 131 104 22 Q 17.9

 Concrete .......................................... 37 30 21 7 Q 36.7

 Other ................................................ 167 137 119 13 Q 19.8

Floors

 One .................................................. 3,007 2,626 1,945 542 140 6.9

 Two .................................................. 1,154 1,022 805 177 40 6.8

 Three ............................................... 446 393 313 66 Q 10.9

 Four to Nine ..................................... 186 154 122 30 Q 16.5

 Ten or More ..................................... 13 11 8 2 Q 21.2

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 4,193 3,702 2,802 716 185 5.3

 26 to 50 ............................................ 490 407 315 83 Q 7.8

 51 to 75 ............................................ 94 75 59 14 Q 21.3

 76 to 100 .......................................... 29 22 17 Q Q 27.3

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 2,465 1,856 419 191 6.7

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 792 628 162 Q 7.1

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 469 356 110 Q 9.0

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 312 232 79 Q 8.4

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 98 70 27 Q 12.8

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 46 33 13 Q 13.0

 250 or More ..................................... 31 25 18 7 Q 12.1

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 917 646 99 173 8.8

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 1,036 787 241 Q 6.9

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 934 723 201 Q 7.4

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 577 437 138 Q 7.1

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 450 354 96 Q 10.2

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 292 245 43 Q 12.7

See footnotes at end of table.

112 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A22. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned Buildings,

 Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All Nongovernment-Owned Buildings

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Owner Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied Unoccupied

0.7 0.7 0.8 1.3 2.1

Additional Operating Hours for

Equipment Use

 Heating and/or Cooling .................... 1,223 1,069 893 173 Q 10.6

 Lighting ............................................ 633 575 448 121 Q 11.4

 Heating and/or Cooling and

 Lighting ........................................... 371 332 272 59 Q 16.1

 No Additional Hours ......................... 3,320 2,894 2,124 581 188 6.5

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent .................................... 362 344 200 144 Q 7.6

 51-99 Percent .................................. 97 90 58 31 Q 16.9

 100 Percent ..................................... 398 317 92 31 194 12.7

 None ................................................ 3,948 3,456 2,842 611 Q 5.7

Number of Establishments

 One .................................................. 3,886 3,359 2,864 495 Q 6.0

 2 to 5 ................................................ 517 485 257 228 Q 7.7

 6 to 10 .............................................. 89 83 40 43 Q 15.5

 11 to 20 ............................................ 49 48 21 26 Q 23.9

 More than 20 .................................... 36 35 10 25 Q 21.4

 Currently Unoccupied ...................... 229 197 Q Q 197 10.6

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation ..................................... 735 616 497 112 Q 8.3

 Computer Room .............................. 223 176 138 36 Q 13.9

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ....................................... 236 183 149 33 Q 14.2

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .................... 203 178 145 31 Q 12.2

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 1,667 1,280 1,019 220 42 8.6

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 223 112 100 10 Q 21.5

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 1,444 1,169 919 210 40 8.7

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 3,139 2,926 2,173 597 155 5.1

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 653 587 330 121 136 10.2

 1 to 50 .............................................. 688 649 477 155 16 9.2

 51 to 99 ............................................ 618 555 433 121 Q 8.3

 100 ................................................... 2,846 2,416 1,953 419 45 6.2

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 1,304 1,127 799 176 151 8.1

 1 to 50 .............................................. 1,176 1,040 789 236 16 7.8

 51 to 99 ............................................ 658 580 457 122 Q 8.8

 100 ................................................... 1,668 1,459 1,148 282 29 8.0

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit .............................................. 413 377 161 39 177 12.6

 1 to 50 .............................................. 881 805 617 183 Q 7.9

 51 to 99 ............................................ 813 703 557 142 Q 7.3

 100 ................................................... 2,699 2,322 1,858 452 Q 5.9

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 113
Table A22. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned Buildings,

 Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All Nongovernment-Owned Buildings

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Owner Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied Unoccupied

0.6 0.7 0.7 1.2 3.0

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 449 398 318 70 Q 13.2

 Furnaces .......................................... 1,692 1,542 1,237 280 25 7.3

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 1,289 1,018 245 26 8.0

 District Heat ..................................... 93 44 34 9 Q 25.3

 Boilers .............................................. 624 477 404 68 Q 9.1

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 870 777 585 186 Q 10.8

 Other ................................................ 42 41 32 Q Q 37.4

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ................. 473 357 311 45 Q 11.4

 Ducts for Heating ........................... 2,955 2,609 2,056 512 40 5.6

 Heating Only ................................ 577 488 416 62 Q 13.1

 Heating and Cooling .................... 2,378 2,121 1,639 450 31 6.2

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used .............................. 210 162 133 28 Q 12.9

 Fan Coil Units for

 Heating ......................................... 99 65 46 15 Q 18.1

 Heating Only ................................ 78 55 39 13 Q 20.9

 Heating and Cooling .................... 21 10 7 Q Q 37.6

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 1,289 1,018 245 26 8.0

 Other ................................................ 181 157 128 27 Q 15.7

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central Air

 Conditioners .................................... 816 741 576 153 Q 11.5

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 454 404 326 69 Q 12.9

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 1,023 889 711 168 Q 9.1

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 11 9 Q Q 37.0

 Central Chillers ................................ 142 90 72 16 Q 15.5

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,459 1,306 991 302 13 8.4

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 179 154 111 40 Q 29.9

 Other ................................................ 8 QQQQ 74.0

Cooling Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Ducts for Cooling ............................. 2,733 2,420 1,868 515 37 6.0

 Cooling Only .................................. 355 299 229 64 Q 14.4

 Heating and Cooling ...................... 2,378 2,121 1,639 450 31 6.2

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used ................................ 221 181 145 34 Q 12.6

 Fan Coil Units for

 Cooling ............................................ 56 37 29 8 Q 28.8

 Cooling Only .................................. 35 28 21 Q Q 38.1

 Heating and Cooling ...................... 21 10 7 Q Q 37.6

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 1,023 889 711 168 Q 9.1

 Other ................................................ 111 93 66 26 Q 26.6

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent ................................... 2,509 2,241 1,814 416 11 7.2

 Standard Fluorescent ...................... 4,065 3,535 2,776 721 38 5.3

 Compact Fluorescent ....................... 206 174 141 34 Q 14.3

 High-Intensity Discharge .................. 354 275 223 51 Q 11.2

 Other ................................................ 78 74 51 22 Q 24.1

See footnotes at end of table.

114 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A22. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned Buildings,

 Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All Nongovernment-Owned Buildings

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Owner Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied Unoccupied

0.6 0.7 0.7 1.2 3.0

Personal Computers and/or

Computer Terminals

 1 to 4 ................................................ 1,269 1,133 884 249 Q 6.9

 5 to 9 ................................................ 336 292 217 75 Q 10.1

 10 to 19 ............................................ 216 161 113 48 Q 13.4

 20 to 49 ............................................ 164 107 82 24 Q 17.3

 50 to 99 ............................................ 59 35 25 9 Q 16.9

 100 to 249 ........................................ 34 21 17 4 Q 22.7

 250 or More ..................................... 19 15 12 3 Q 24.5

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 3,343 2,921 2,297 535 89 5.6

 Wall Insulation ................................. 2,320 2,061 1,660 334 68 6.5

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 1,680 1,496 1,209 242 45 7.4

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ................................ 1,068 946 738 183 25 8.3

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ...................................... 1,853 1,590 1,220 337 32 7.1

 Windows that Open ......................... 2,119 1,741 1,420 260 61 6.9

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume

 System ............................................ 250 196 157 36 Q 12.1

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 414 337 262 70 Q 12.7

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 2,503 2,078 1,696 365 17 6.9

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ......................... 574 482 366 110 Q 11.9

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ........................................... 74 63 57 5 Q 23.4

 Occupancy Sensors ......................... 59 46 39 7 Q 21.9

 Time Clock ....................................... 339 301 224 75 Q 12.0

 Manual Dimmer Switches ................ 413 380 326 53 Q 13.0

 Other ................................................ 78 54 41 10 Q 24.6

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation

 Features .......................................... 4,357 3,792 2,929 717 145 5.3

 Building Shell ................................... 4,223 3,684 2,841 699 144 5.3

 HVAC ............................................... 2,604 2,172 1,763 387 21 6.5

 Lighting ............................................ 1,178 1,022 810 202 9 8.7

 Other ................................................ 264 219 192 24 Q 15.8

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 3,400 2,991 2,332 613 46 5.6

 Cooling ............................................. 2,872 2,550 1,960 557 34 6.1

 Hot Water ......................................... 578 505 395 82 28 10.4

 Lighting ............................................ 4,089 3,596 2,785 743 68 5.2

 Other ................................................ 547 495 372 117 Q 14.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 115
Table A22. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned Buildings,

 Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All Nongovernment-Owned Buildings

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Owner Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied Unoccupied

0.6 0.7 0.7 1.2 3.0

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control

 System ............................................ 236 161 134 24 Q 13.1

 Demand-Side Management

 Participation .................................... 315 229 199 27 Q 13.7

 Energy Audit .................................... 521 399 334 64 Q 11.1

 Building Energy

 Manager .......................................... 49 32 27 3 Q 29.7

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program .................... 36 23 18 Q Q 32.3

 HVAC Program ................................ 154 104 89 13 Q 17.1

 Lighting Program ............................. 228 165 146 19 Q 17.0

 Other DSM Programs ...................... 110 72 62 10 Q 21.3

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

116 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A23. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned Buildings, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace of All Nongovernment-Owned Buildings

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Owner Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied Unoccupied

0.7 0.7 0.7 1.4 2.1

All Buildings ..................................... 67,876 52,752 38,403 12,273 2,077 5.6

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 7,327 6,638 5,119 1,172 347 7.6

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 7,199 6,351 4,861 1,251 239 6.9

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 10,375 8,640 6,343 2,017 279 8.6

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 10,069 8,116 6,054 1,645 418 10.6

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 8,062 5,821 4,026 1,516 Q 12.3

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 9,678 6,820 5,178 1,527 Q 14.0

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 7,889 4,957 3,484 1,252 Q 16.5

 Over 500,000 ................................... 7,278 5,409 3,337 Q Q 28.6

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 8,470 1,508 1,402 Q Q 14.6

 Food Sales ....................................... 757 757 584 173 Q 22.3

 Food Service ................................... 1,491 1,334 1,076 258 Q 16.1

 Health Care ...................................... 1,763 1,242 1,139 Q Q 16.7

 Lodging ............................................ 2,891 2,520 2,272 Q Q 19.8

 Mercantile and Service .................... 12,402 11,319 7,797 3,522 Q 9.5

 Office ............................................... 12,319 10,665 7,848 2,816 Q 8.7

 Parking Garage ................................ 1,652 923 828 Q Q 42.3

 Public Assembly .............................. 4,556 3,203 2,105 Q Q 29.4

 Public Order and Safety ................... 820 QQQQ 35.4

 Religious Worship ............................ 3,747 3,742 3,694 Q Q 17.5

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 11,484 10,885 7,829 3,056 Q 12.6

 Other ................................................ 1,130 888 748 Q Q 22.9

 Vacant .............................................. 4,396 3,713 1,029 607 2,077 15.4

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 1,721 1,589 1,224 332 Q 21.2

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 3,608 2,704 1,978 486 Q 20.2

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 8,712 6,653 4,783 1,453 417 15.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 10,421 8,056 6,237 1,426 393 12.4

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 12,612 8,571 6,737 1,491 344 11.3

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 14,014 10,776 8,024 2,435 317 9.3

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 14,287 12,606 8,113 4,178 314 15.2

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 2,502 1,798 1,307 472 Q 18.7

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 13,400 9,978 7,311 2,350 316 13.6

 Midwest ............................................ 17,280 13,127 10,421 2,211 495 9.4

 South ............................................... 24,577 19,480 13,503 5,177 800 10.4

 West ................................................. 12,619 10,167 7,168 2,534 465 9.5

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 66,549 51,601 38,162 12,156 1,283 5.9

 Natural Gas ...................................... 45,097 34,151 26,187 7,466 498 6.4

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 13,218 9,420 7,627 1,600 Q 11.2

 District Heat ..................................... 5,339 2,893 2,541 350 Q 17.6

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 1,074 896 Q Q 27.3

 Propane ........................................... 3,393 2,694 2,066 589 Q 18.1

 Any Other ......................................... 1,551 1,082 964 Q Q 31.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 61,996 47,518 35,293 11,404 821 6.0

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 57,041 43,913 32,220 11,001 692 7.2

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 58,479 44,627 33,171 10,804 651 6.5

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 23,065 15,001 10,893 4,018 Q 12.4

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 3,174 2,844 2,274 480 Q 19.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 117
Table A23. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned Buildings, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace of All Nongovernment-Owned Buildings

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Owner Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied Unoccupied

0.7 0.7 0.7 1.4 2.1

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................... 5,623 4,274 3,265 856 Q 19.3

 5,500-7,000 HDD ........................... 18,024 13,971 11,145 2,429 397 13.4

 4,000-5,499 HDD ........................... 16,162 12,096 8,582 3,034 481 12.8

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 15,251 11,955 8,781 2,628 546 15.4

 More than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 12,816 10,456 6,630 3,325 501 16.1

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 48,585 36,656 26,445 8,944 1,267 7.2

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 3,873 3,519 2,935 394 190 12.3

 Metal Panels .................................... 7,392 6,591 5,126 1,197 268 13.8

 Concrete Panels .............................. 4,961 3,235 1,890 1,166 Q 18.0

 Window Glass .................................. 2,028 1,736 1,202 380 Q 22.4

 Other ................................................ 1,037 1,015 804 192 Q 30.8

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 30,257 23,928 15,568 7,450 910 9.1

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 10,570 9,166 7,642 1,212 313 11.2

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 9,019 7,817 6,013 1,412 392 9.8

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 11,702 7,271 5,401 1,647 Q 10.4

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 1,998 1,546 1,352 147 Q 19.3

 Concrete .......................................... 2,544 1,638 1,335 147 Q 30.7

 Other ................................................ 1,786 1,387 1,091 258 Q 24.5

Floors

 One .................................................. 25,424 21,067 13,597 6,536 934 9.1

 Two .................................................. 18,025 14,328 11,140 2,697 491 8.2

 Three ............................................... 9,877 6,838 5,355 1,262 Q 11.3

 Four to Nine ..................................... 10,377 7,068 5,794 1,029 Q 14.4

 Ten or More ..................................... 4,173 3,451 2,517 749 Q 19.1

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 51,356 40,859 29,506 9,658 1,696 6.4

 26 to 50 ............................................ 11,815 8,262 6,143 1,809 Q 10.1

 51 to 75 ............................................ 3,206 2,316 1,762 514 Q 16.5

 76 to 100 .......................................... 1,499 1,315 992 292 Q 27.5

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 17,944 15,976 10,973 3,044 1,959 12.2

 5 to 9 ................................................ 7,524 6,524 5,015 1,486 Q 8.6

 10 to 19 ............................................ 8,077 6,412 4,933 1,437 Q 12.5

 20 to 49 ............................................ 10,556 7,501 5,586 1,880 Q 8.8

 50 to 99 ............................................ 7,763 5,132 3,584 1,549 Q 16.8

 100 to 249 ........................................ 7,378 4,593 3,110 1,472 Q 17.2

 250 or More ..................................... 8,633 6,614 5,202 1,405 Q 13.2

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 8,246 6,161 3,827 535 1,798 9.7

 40 to 48 ............................................ 14,998 11,030 8,209 2,704 Q 8.9

 49 to 60 ............................................ 14,046 12,019 9,168 2,796 Q 8.0

 61 to 84 ............................................ 12,062 10,020 7,033 2,950 Q 11.0

 85 to 167 .......................................... 8,467 6,238 4,707 1,531 Q 10.4

 Open Continuously .......................... 10,057 7,284 5,459 Q Q 18.6

See footnotes at end of table.

118 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A23. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned Buildings, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace of All Nongovernment-Owned Buildings

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Owner Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied Unoccupied

0.7 0.7 0.7 1.4 2.1

Additional Operating Hours for

Equipment Use

 Heating and/or Cooling .................... 20,300 15,568 12,335 3,181 Q 7.7

 Lighting ............................................ 12,886 9,917 7,461 2,370 Q 10.8

 Heating and/or Cooling

 and Lighting .................................... 8,717 6,341 5,001 1,297 Q 13.8

 No Additional Hours ......................... 43,407 33,609 23,607 8,019 1,983 7.3

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent .................................... 12,420 10,916 6,897 4,018 Q 11.2

 51-99 Percent .................................. 2,263 1,744 1,148 577 Q 21.8

 100 Percent ..................................... 4,109 3,083 679 380 2,023 13.1

 None ................................................ 49,085 37,010 29,679 7,297 Q 6.8

Number of Establishments

 One .................................................. 47,997 35,556 29,992 5,565 Q 8.0

 2 to 5 ................................................ 7,882 6,743 3,536 3,208 Q 11.7

 6 to 10 .............................................. 2,562 2,423 1,015 1,408 Q 15.8

 11 to 20 ............................................ 2,039 1,806 954 852 Q 22.4

 More than 20 .................................... 4,938 4,147 2,907 1,240 Q 20.2

 Currently Unoccupied ...................... 2,457 2,077 Q Q 2,077 12.6

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation ..................................... 22,166 14,098 10,890 3,119 Q 9.0

 Computer Room .............................. 14,199 10,353 7,652 2,599 Q 11.5

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ....................................... 8,042 4,764 3,845 866 Q 12.7

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .................... 6,862 5,055 4,101 931 Q 13.4

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 31,564 21,809 15,994 5,231 584 10.4

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 8,395 4,120 3,800 306 Q 16.3

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 23,170 17,690 12,194 4,925 570 11.5

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 36,312 30,943 22,409 7,041 1,492 5.3

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 6,211 5,465 3,193 948 1,324 14.8

 1 to 50 .............................................. 11,195 9,251 6,610 2,456 185 14.3

 51 to 99 ............................................ 10,211 8,314 6,130 2,152 Q 10.4

 100 ................................................... 40,260 29,722 22,470 6,717 535 7.9

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 10,835 8,839 6,183 1,271 1,385 10.1

 1 to 50 .............................................. 21,715 16,415 12,079 3,949 387 9.6

 51 to 99 ............................................ 13,872 10,209 7,727 2,444 Q 10.1

 100 ................................................... 21,454 17,290 12,414 4,608 267 11.3

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit .............................................. 3,280 2,810 770 231 1,810 14.1

 1 to 50 .............................................. 9,980 8,868 7,015 1,770 Q 10.3

 51 to 99 ............................................ 14,224 11,248 8,128 3,057 Q 13.8

 100 ................................................... 40,393 29,827 22,490 7,215 Q 6.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 119
Table A23. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned Buildings, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace of All Nongovernment-Owned Buildings

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Owner Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied Unoccupied

0.6 0.7 0.6 1.5 2.9

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,269 7,111 5,146 1,865 Q 13.0

 Furnaces .......................................... 16,909 14,594 10,985 3,360 249 8.7

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 22,380 17,823 13,610 3,795 419 8.5

 District Heat ..................................... 5,225 2,840 2,491 347 Q 19.3

 Boilers .............................................. 20,664 13,309 10,172 2,993 Q 13.6

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 16,000 13,425 9,074 4,257 Q 10.0

 Other ................................................ 903 760 540 Q Q 34.1

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ................. 13,263 7,717 6,572 1,078 Q 10.6

 Ducts for Heating ........................... 45,422 35,535 25,751 9,315 469 6.7

 Heating Only ................................ 5,950 3,756 3,210 446 Q 16.6

 Heating and Cooling .................... 39,472 31,779 22,542 8,869 368 7.3

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used .............................. 11,528 8,140 5,915 2,185 Q 21.7

 Fan Coil Units for

 Heating ......................................... 5,474 3,453 2,661 714 Q 18.4

 Heating Only ................................ 3,569 2,344 1,781 486 Q 23.7

 Heating and Cooling .................... 1,906 1,109 880 Q Q 27.2

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 22,380 17,823 13,610 3,795 419 8.5

 Other ................................................ 3,310 2,571 1,979 583 Q 22.5

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central Air

 Conditioners .................................... 9,021 7,428 5,783 1,591 Q 11.3

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,406 7,370 5,361 1,878 Q 12.7

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 17,979 12,747 9,416 3,194 Q 16.3

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 1,074 896 Q Q 31.0

 Central Chillers ................................ 12,991 8,791 6,524 2,091 Q 20.6

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 27,830 22,455 15,947 6,239 269 7.7

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 2,085 1,651 1,049 582 Q 26.8

 Other ................................................ 268 QQQQ 64.7

Cooling Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Ducts for Cooling ............................. 47,755 37,741 27,003 10,124 615 7.7

 Cooling Only .................................. 8,283 5,962 4,461 1,255 Q 13.1

 Heating and Cooling ...................... 39,472 31,779 22,542 8,869 368 7.3

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used ................................ 12,430 9,296 6,695 2,482 Q 18.9

 Fan Coil Units for

 Cooling ............................................ 3,875 2,425 2,066 359 Q 25.1

 Cooling Only .................................. 1,969 1,317 1,186 Q Q 43.6

 Heating and Cooling ...................... 1,906 1,109 880 Q Q 27.2

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 17,979 12,747 9,416 3,194 Q 16.3

 Other ................................................ 2,919 2,319 1,723 573 Q 25.8

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent ................................... 39,221 30,456 24,018 6,198 240 7.3

 Standard Fluorescent ...................... 62,074 47,490 35,290 11,653 548 6.6

 Compact Fluorescent ....................... 8,336 6,105 5,089 1,016 Q 13.8

 High-Intensity Discharge .................. 17,570 11,374 8,747 2,571 Q 12.3

 Other ................................................ 1,612 1,496 1,052 427 Q 26.6

See footnotes at end of table.

120 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A23. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned Buildings, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace of All Nongovernment-Owned Buildings

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Owner Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied Unoccupied

0.6 0.7 0.6 1.5 2.9

Personal Computers and/or

Computer Terminals

 1 to 4 ................................................ 13,355 11,796 9,027 2,765 Q 8.5

 5 to 9 ................................................ 5,970 5,156 3,604 1,553 Q 12.3

 10 to 19 ............................................ 6,236 4,516 3,137 1,379 Q 18.1

 20 to 49 ............................................ 7,439 4,946 3,515 1,401 Q 18.0

 50 to 99 ............................................ 4,908 2,600 1,869 730 Q 18.6

 100 to 249 ........................................ 4,220 2,252 1,812 434 Q 19.9

 250 or More ..................................... 5,569 4,123 3,298 825 Q 17.2

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 50,311 38,288 28,012 9,262 1,014 6.5

 Wall Insulation ................................. 33,240 27,472 20,366 6,417 688 7.9

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 29,684 23,696 17,450 5,788 458 9.3

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ................................ 25,396 20,146 14,347 5,371 428 11.3

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ...................................... 34,071 26,322 18,809 6,927 586 8.5

 Windows that Open ......................... 28,937 19,907 16,151 3,174 582 7.7

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume

 System ............................................ 13,970 9,961 7,331 2,508 Q 19.0

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 18,313 12,921 9,150 3,644 Q 14.0

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 49,173 35,994 27,164 8,415 415 8.1

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ......................... 15,241 11,234 8,385 2,694 Q 10.2

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ........................................... 3,072 2,392 1,920 385 Q 18.7

 Occupancy Sensors ......................... 3,629 2,553 2,147 406 Q 19.1

 Time Clock ....................................... 12,104 10,189 6,876 3,156 Q 17.7

 Manual Dimmer Switches ................ 12,329 9,724 8,102 1,568 Q 12.2

 Other ................................................ 2,596 1,607 1,225 341 Q 18.4

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation

 Features .......................................... 64,403 49,630 36,377 11,630 1,624 6.1

 Building Shell ................................... 62,056 47,889 35,043 11,369 1,477 6.0

 HVAC ............................................... 50,281 37,005 27,762 8,755 488 7.8

 Lighting ............................................ 29,453 22,860 16,990 5,551 319 10.6

 Other ................................................ 5,952 4,398 3,763 536 Q 13.9

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 46,248 35,676 26,466 8,684 526 6.0

 Cooling ............................................. 42,768 33,041 24,214 8,430 398 6.6

 Hot Water ......................................... 9,966 7,052 5,029 1,765 258 10.4

 Lighting ............................................ 54,944 43,036 31,884 10,338 814 5.3

 Other ................................................ 7,996 6,228 4,231 1,939 Q 17.9

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 121
Table A23. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned Buildings, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Floorspace of All Nongovernment-Owned Buildings

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Owner Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied Unoccupied

0.6 0.7 0.6 1.5 2.9

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control

 System ............................................ 14,320 9,447 7,105 2,307 Q 18.6

 Demand-Side

 Management

 Participation .................................... 11,310 7,030 5,883 1,105 Q 11.2

 Energy Audit .................................... 14,779 10,274 8,475 1,753 Q 10.3

 Building Energy

 Manager .......................................... 2,311 1,534 1,398 129 Q 27.7

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program .................... 1,079 712 611 Q Q 30.3

 HVAC Program ................................ 6,370 4,120 3,407 701 Q 14.3

 Lighting Program ............................. 8,805 5,492 4,691 772 Q 13.4

 Other DSM Programs ...................... 6,176 3,682 2,999 682 Q 15.7

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

122 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A24. Percent Vacant for at Least Three Months, Number of Buildings and

 Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Percent Vacant for at Least

Three Months

All

Buildings

Percent Vacant for at Least

Three Months

None 1 to 50 51 to 99 100 None 1 to 50 51 to 99 100

0.5 0.5 1.0 1.9 1.5 0.5 0.6 1.1 2.4 1.6

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 3,948 362 97 398 67,876 49,085 12,420 2,263 4,109 6.8

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 2,281 103 45 253 7,327 6,175 328 141 683 10.1

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 790 95 24 65 7,199 5,841 710 177 471 9.5

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 503 82 12 50 10,375 8,055 1,349 183 788 11.4

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 216 36 8 21 10,069 7,784 1,270 283 733 13.3

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 85 21 4 6 8,062 5,939 1,441 269 412 13.8

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 51 14 Q 3 9,678 6,867 2,011 Q 362 18.6

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 17 7 1 1 7,889 5,157 2,188 229 315 21.0

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 5 3 Q Q 7,278 3,267 3,122 Q Q 39.0

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 253 Q Q 36 8,470 7,489 Q Q 540 15.8

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 128 Q Q Q 757 753 Q Q Q 27.7

 Food Service ................................. 260 242 Q Q Q 1,491 1,256 Q Q Q 17.0

 Health Care .................................... 63 55 7 Q Q 1,763 1,434 315 Q Q 27.2

 Lodging .......................................... 154 124 12 Q Q 2,891 2,526 219 Q Q 25.8

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 1,161 81 Q 19 12,402 8,697 3,471 Q 100 13.2

 Office .............................................. 749 584 142 15 8 12,319 6,722 5,155 356 86 12.8

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 22 Q Q Q 1,652 1,465 Q Q Q 48.2

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 236 7 Q 27 4,556 3,789 480 Q 134 25.5

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 59 Q Q Q 820 776 Q Q Q 39.4

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 344 Q Q Q 3,747 3,625 Q Q Q 20.8

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 674 52 Q 25 11,484 9,519 1,464 Q 331 15.9

 Other .............................................. 69 56 Q Q Q 1,130 926 Q Q Q 31.8

 Vacant ............................................ 319 Q 29 42 240 4,396 Q 433 1,226 2,630 13.7

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 117 32 Q Q 1,721 1,073 398 Q Q 24.1

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 188 33 Q 20 3,608 2,035 801 Q 413 21.7

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 572 53 20 80 8,712 6,435 1,108 485 684 15.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 746 36 15 83 10,421 8,304 1,272 189 656 13.9

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 668 30 9 76 12,612 9,438 2,158 227 788 14.4

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 841 65 9 67 14,014 10,377 2,598 344 694 13.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 719 100 18 46 14,287 9,855 3,515 425 491 14.4

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 97 13 Q 16 2,502 1,568 569 Q 269 24.5

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 633 86 8 44 13,400 9,120 3,021 508 752 14.3

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 990 87 24 101 17,280 12,392 3,501 441 946 13.0

 South .............................................. 1,963 1,625 114 47 177 24,577 18,799 3,609 792 1,377 10.1

 West ............................................... 870 700 76 18 76 12,619 8,775 2,289 521 1,034 15.7

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 3,881 353 92 289 66,549 48,799 12,390 2,246 3,114 7.0

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 2,284 207 59 114 45,097 32,937 8,826 1,788 1,546 9.0

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 487 53 5 15 13,218 8,753 3,586 460 420 16.2

 District Heat .................................... 95 81 8 2 Q 5,339 3,550 1,234 270 Q 21.3

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 22 4 Q Q 2,066 1,320 516 Q Q 35.0

 Propane .......................................... 337 294 17 Q 25 3,393 2,711 495 Q 174 24.9

 Any Other ....................................... 163 145 Q Q Q 1,551 1,280 Q Q Q 28.2

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 3,564 329 85 200 61,996 45,565 11,905 2,122 2,405 7.3

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 2,978 307 70 147 57,041 41,320 11,837 2,009 1,875 7.6

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 2,975 306 67 154 58,479 42,707 11,837 1,961 1,975 7.7

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 627 69 10 29 23,065 15,836 5,943 733 553 13.5

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 104 7 Q Q 3,174 2,088 750 Q Q 26.2

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 123
Table A24. Percent Vacant for at Least Three Months, Number of Buildings and

 Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Percent Vacant for at Least

Three Months

All

Buildings

Percent Vacant for at Least

Three Months

None 1 to 50 51 to 99 100 None 1 to 50 51 to 99 100

0.5 0.5 1.0 1.9 1.5 0.5 0.6 1.1 2.4 1.6

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 3,456 344 90 317 52,752 37,010 10,916 1,744 3,083 6.6

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 2,842 200 58 92 38,403 29,679 6,897 1,148 679 8.0

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 611 144 31 31 12,273 7,297 4,018 577 380 12.5

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 Q Q Q 194 2,077 Q Q Q 2,023 13.0

 Government Owned ....................... 599 493 18 7 81 15,124 12,075 1,504 Q 1,025 16.2

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 402 36 Q 202 6,211 3,636 559 Q 1,792 17.2

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 531 62 45 49 11,195 7,458 2,112 1,020 606 14.0

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 516 84 7 11 10,211 6,887 3,021 210 94 14.4

 100 ................................................. 2,846 2,499 179 32 136 40,260 31,105 6,729 809 1,617 8.9

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 970 55 27 251 10,835 7,765 583 253 2,233 12.2

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 980 98 40 58 21,715 16,406 3,003 1,183 1,124 10.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 559 84 7 8 13,872 8,727 4,844 196 105 15.0

 100 ................................................. 1,668 1,439 125 23 81 21,454 16,187 3,990 630 646 11.5

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 163 Q Q 226 3,280 740 Q Q 2,418 16.6

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 694 97 59 31 9,980 6,886 1,290 1,460 344 12.3

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 678 102 12 21 14,224 9,240 4,459 259 265 13.9

 100 ................................................. 2,699 2,413 148 18 120 40,393 32,219 6,601 492 1,081 9.9

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 478 65 6 24 15,241 10,009 4,331 430 470 14.3

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 74 62 12 Q Q 3,072 1,826 1,093 Q Q 23.9

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 46 10 Q Q 3,629 2,496 864 Q Q 20.8

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 267 53 11 8 12,104 6,991 4,293 539 282 17.8

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 413 354 45 10 5 12,329 8,072 3,723 400 134 16.2

 Other .............................................. 78 60 10 Q Q 2,596 1,918 429 Q Q 24.7

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............ 4,357 3,617 336 86 318 64,403 46,647 12,146 2,165 3,445 7.3

 Building Shell ................................. 4,223 3,498 329 84 312 62,056 44,651 12,027 2,097 3,282 7.4

 HVAC ............................................. 2,604 2,228 234 41 101 50,281 36,157 10,649 1,774 1,701 8.6

 Lighting ........................................... 1,178 991 132 25 30 29,453 20,140 7,548 1,030 734 10.9

 Other .............................................. 264 232 21 Q Q 5,952 4,621 957 Q 166 18.2

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 36 29 5 Q Q 1,079 725 301 Q Q 34.7

 HVAC Program .............................. 154 121 22 6 Q 6,370 4,271 1,849 184 Q 17.3

 Lighting Program ............................ 228 193 27 5 Q 8,805 5,918 2,458 317 Q 17.5

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 110 90 16 Q Q 6,176 4,110 1,917 Q Q 21.9

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

124 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A25. Multibuilding Facility, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 

 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Part of Multibuilding Facility

All

Buildings

Part of Multibuilding Facility

All

Buildings in

Multibuilding

Facilities

Buildings in

Multibuilding

Facilities

with Central

Physical

Plant

All

Buildings in

Multibuilding

Facilities

Buildings in

Multibuilding

Facilities

with Central

Physical

Plant

0.6 0.9 1.6 0.7 1.0 1.6

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 1,667 223 67,876 31,564 8,395 6.0

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 858 76 7,327 2,315 194 9.5

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 334 38 7,199 2,447 274 7.9

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 244 47 10,375 3,834 732 8.3

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 123 32 10,069 4,399 1,132 10.1

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 49 11 8,062 3,354 749 10.6

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 37 10 9,678 5,083 1,292 13.9

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 15 7 7,889 4,665 2,089 13.2

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 7 2 7,278 5,467 1,933 26.6

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 217 54 8,470 5,115 1,458 11.6

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 Q Q 757 Q Q 21.7

 Food Service ................................... 260 47 Q 1,491 415 Q 16.6

 Health Care ...................................... 63 27 9 1,763 1,156 766 16.1

 Lodging ............................................ 154 107 15 2,891 1,578 729 15.2

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 281 20 12,402 4,691 Q 12.4

 Office ............................................... 749 236 44 12,319 4,978 1,882 10.6

 Parking ............................................. 24 12 2 1,652 1,155 Q 33.8

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 102 19 4,556 2,717 500 19.3

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 18 Q 820 427 Q 33.4

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 86 Q 3,747 930 Q 16.6

 Warehouse ...................................... 761 396 28 11,484 5,963 611 13.0

 Other ................................................ 69 44 7 1,130 750 348 22.3

 Vacant .............................................. 319 84 7 4,396 1,613 448 18.2

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 47 3 1,721 498 107 21.2

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 61 14 3,608 979 214 19.1

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 193 26 8,712 3,567 1,291 13.9

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 298 61 10,421 4,589 1,149 11.3

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 275 42 12,612 6,429 2,364 11.0

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 372 28 14,014 6,761 1,770 10.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 355 35 14,287 7,368 1,086 11.6

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 66 14 2,502 1,374 414 17.7

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 254 33 13,400 5,614 1,954 12.1

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 364 50 17,280 7,445 2,697 11.7

 South ............................................... 1,963 698 89 24,577 12,426 2,280 10.3

 West ................................................. 870 350 51 12,619 6,080 1,463 11.6

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 1,587 220 66,549 31,027 8,340 6.1

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 767 105 45,097 19,999 5,381 7.2

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 181 32 13,218 6,497 2,170 10.8

 District Heat ..................................... 95 83 82 5,339 4,506 4,253 11.7

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 27 27 2,066 1,784 1,710 17.4

 Propane ........................................... 337 121 5 3,393 1,562 277 20.1

 Any Other ......................................... 163 53 Q 1,551 592 Q 22.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 125
Table A25. Multibuilding Facility, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 

 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Part of Multibuilding Facility

All

Buildings

Part of Multibuilding Facility

All

Buildings in

Multibuilding

Facilities

Buildings in

Multibuilding

Facilities

with Central

Physical

Plant

All

Buildings in

Multibuilding

Facilities

Buildings in

Multibuilding

Facilities

with Central

Physical

Plant

0.6 0.9 1.6 0.7 1.0 1.6

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 1,338 208 61,996 28,365 8,088 6.3

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 1,090 174 57,041 26,158 7,402 6.8

 Buildings with Water Heating ........... 3,502 1,070 175 58,479 26,766 7,895 6.5

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 199 33 23,065 11,516 3,526 10.5

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........... 121 45 9 3,174 1,523 587 20.2

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 931 84 17,944 7,519 1,201 11.1

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 279 32 7,524 2,769 489 10.9

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 194 46 8,077 3,648 908 12.3

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 163 34 10,556 4,574 1,010 9.8

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 50 12 7,763 3,306 900 11.9

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 34 7 7,378 4,706 1,326 13.1

 250 or More ..................................... 31 17 8 8,633 5,042 2,560 12.8

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 336 30 8,246 2,970 594 12.5

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 508 96 14,998 7,118 1,428 8.7

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 298 25 14,046 5,417 1,037 10.2

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 206 17 12,062 5,526 1,070 11.3

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 118 15 8,467 3,878 1,437 14.7

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 201 39 10,057 6,655 2,830 12.4

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 4,206 1,280 112 52,752 21,809 4,120 7.0

 Owner Occupied ............................ 3,192 1,019 100 38,403 15,994 3,800 6.8

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 817 220 10 12,273 5,231 306 14.9

 Unoccupied .................................... 197 42 Q 2,077 584 Q 20.2

 Government Owned ......................... 599 386 111 15,124 9,755 4,275 9.9

Principal Facility Activity

Education

 Primary or Secondary ...................... 211 211 52 4,046 4,046 859 13.5

 College ............................................. 48 48 29 2,485 2,485 1,732 18.2

 Other ................................................ 26 26 Q 364 364 Q 34.6

Retail Sales and Service

 Shopping Center/Mall ...................... 55 55 Q 2,352 2,352 Q 21.6

 Automotive Sales and Service ......... 79 79 Q 667 667 Q 23.3

 Other ................................................ 231 231 Q 1,798 1,798 Q 15.2

Other

 Office ............................................... 140 140 13 3,931 3,931 1,162 17.3

 Warehouse ...................................... 229 229 Q 4,992 4,992 Q 16.8

 Industrial/Manufacturing .................. 119 119 47 2,124 2,124 1,206 19.1

 Hospital or Other Health

 Service ............................................. 56 56 20 2,193 2,193 1,444 16.4

 Religious Activities ........................... 153 153 Q 1,397 1,397 Q 16.8

 Hotel/Motel ....................................... 77 77 Q 802 802 Q 24.4

 Amusement or Recreation ............... 92 92 7 Q Q Q 20.9

 Transportation .................................. 35 35 Q 1,103 1,103 Q 38.0

 Residential ....................................... Q Q Q Q Q NF Q

 Agricultural ....................................... 30 30 Q 160 160 Q 42.8

See footnotes at end of table.

126 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A25. Multibuilding Facility, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 

 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Part of Multibuilding Facility

All

Buildings

Part of Multibuilding Facility

All

Buildings in

Multibuilding

Facilities

Buildings in

Multibuilding

Facilities

with Central

Physical

Plant

All

Buildings in

Multibuilding

Facilities

Buildings in

Multibuilding

Facilities

with Central

Physical

Plant

0.6 0.9 1.6 0.7 1.0 1.6

Central Plant that Produces (more

than one may apply)

 District Hot Water ............................. 129 129 129 4,598 4,598 4,598 14.2

 District Steam .................................. 125 125 125 5,534 5,534 5,534 14.0

 District Chilled Water ....................... 91 91 91 4,191 4,191 4,191 15.3

 Electricity ......................................... 65 65 65 1,903 1,903 1,903 25.6

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program .................... 36 21 5 1,079 478 169 25.9

 HVAC Program ................................ 154 74 23 6,370 3,541 1,623 14.6

 Lighting Program ............................. 228 96 27 8,805 4,630 2,262 14.5

 Other DSM Programs ...................... 110 49 22 6,176 3,379 1,945 16.6

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for

explanation of abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 127
Table A26. Energy-Related Space Functions, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Commercial

Food

Preparation

Computer

Room

Rooms

with

Special

Ventilation

Activity with

Large Amount

of Hot Water

0.5 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.4

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 735 223 236 203 6.4

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 323 37 80 74 11.7

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 136 31 52 29 13.9

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 114 46 44 47 11.0

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 70 41 25 26 12.3

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 44 31 17 12 12.1

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 29 24 11 9 13.6

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 15 10 6 6 14.6

 Over 500,000 ................................... 95421 19.6

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 98 32 28 12 13.2

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 40 Q Q Q 26.9

 Food Service ................................... 260 246 Q Q 18 12.9

 Health Care ...................................... 63 8 5 11 9 27.1

 Lodging ............................................ 154 37 6 Q 50 19.8

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 89 39 54 62 12.5

 Office ............................................... 749 30 81 35 14 14.2

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 QQQQ 44.4

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 81 4 18 18 18.4

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 QQQQ 35.0

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 68 Q Q Q 20.7

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 13 20 20 Q 21.2

 Other ................................................ 69 Q 11 16 7 25.8

 Vacant .............................................. 319 18 5 Q Q 24.8

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 41 Q Q Q 20.9

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 42 12 Q Q 20.5

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 101 26 25 25 15.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 134 33 39 42 12.0

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 122 43 38 45 12.6

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 155 44 54 44 11.8

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 120 51 51 35 11.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 21 6 10 5 22.3

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 142 50 45 37 12.8

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 203 55 61 53 11.1

 South ............................................... 1,963 257 67 77 71 11.3

 West ................................................. 870 134 51 52 41 15.8

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 735 223 236 203 6.4

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 533 149 162 154 7.5

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 101 51 43 23 13.4

 District Heat ..................................... 95 19 11 17 6 18.2

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 8532 28.4

 Propane ........................................... 337 84 18 22 29 21.6

 Any Other ......................................... 163 13 Q Q Q 25.9

See footnotes at end of table.

128 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A26. Energy-Related Space Functions, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Commercial

Food

Preparation

Computer

Room

Rooms

with

Special

Ventilation

Activity with

Large Amount

of Hot Water

0.5 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.4

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 714 222 229 194 6.4

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 661 223 215 164 6.6

 Buildings with Water Heating ........... 3,502 729 211 219 202 6.4

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 732 53 70 80 8.2

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........... 121 13 16 19 8 26.7

Predominant Exterior Wall

Materials

 Masonry ........................................... 3,115 544 159 167 169 7.0

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 764 129 11 18 20 19.7

 Metal Panels .................................... 745 31 23 34 Q 18.0

 Concrete Panels .............................. 87 15 15 10 7 20.3

 Window Glass .................................. 46 15 9 Q Q 29.5

 Other ................................................ 47 1 5 Q Q 38.4

Predominant Roof Materials

 Built-Up ............................................ 1,642 283 102 92 72 8.3

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 1,381 234 29 51 59 11.6

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 1,037 76 25 41 20 17.8

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 386 80 51 37 36 12.5

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 155 22 7 8 10 24.5

 Concrete .......................................... 37 7 2 Q Q 40.2

 Other ................................................ 167 33 7 Q Q 25.9

Floors

 One .................................................. 3,007 379 79 123 93 9.4

 Two .................................................. 1,154 191 61 61 62 9.8

 Three ............................................... 446 103 43 29 31 13.3

 Four to Nine ..................................... 186 54 34 21 15 17.2

 Ten or More ..................................... 13 7623 20.9

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 260 30 75 71 12.1

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 156 32 50 33 13.4

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 126 26 38 39 13.2

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 105 56 38 32 11.4

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 43 30 19 17 13.0

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 26 29 10 8 13.4

 250 or More ..................................... 31 18 20 6 4 12.0

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 116 13 13 Q 18.6

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 90 76 76 21 13.9

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 83 46 46 21 12.5

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 149 44 34 43 11.6

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 220 20 41 47 12.7

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 77 23 27 62 13.2

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 4,206 616 176 183 178 6.9

 Owner Occupied ............................ 3,192 497 138 149 145 7.4

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 817 112 36 33 31 14.8

 Unoccupied .................................... 197 QQQQ 20.0

 Government Owned ......................... 599 119 47 53 25 12.7

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 1,667 198 107 101 84 9.7

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 223 33 19 25 16 16.1

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 1,444 165 89 76 68 11.2

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 3,139 537 115 135 119 7.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 129
Table A26. Energy-Related Space Functions, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Commercial

Food

Preparation

Computer

Room

Rooms

with

Special

Ventilation

Activity with

Large Amount

of Hot Water

0.5 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.4

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 653 21 Q Q Q 22.4

 1 to 50 .............................................. 688 58 34 30 18 15.5

 51 to 99 ............................................ 618 135 38 41 32 13.6

 100 ................................................... 2,846 521 151 158 142 6.9

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 1,304 75 Q 21 39 16.3

 1 to 50 .............................................. 1,176 158 73 84 47 10.4

 51 to 99 ............................................ 658 178 56 45 45 11.0

 100 ................................................... 1,668 324 93 86 72 9.0

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 449 79 22 28 22 17.3

 Furnaces .......................................... 1,692 259 63 75 66 10.2

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 180 70 77 76 9.6

 District Heat ..................................... 93 18 11 17 6 18.3

 Boilers .............................................. 624 176 78 58 58 8.9

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 870 217 66 64 51 11.7

 Other ................................................ 42 18 6 Q Q 37.0

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 816 118 43 37 28 15.0

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 454 80 25 28 20 17.2

 Individual Air Conditioners ............... 1,023 188 70 54 57 10.3

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 8532 28.4

 Central Chillers ................................ 142 52 37 25 16 13.5

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................. 1,459 345 127 112 84 8.4

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 179 38 5 15 15 30.7

 Other ................................................ 8 QQQQ 84.1

Personal Computers and/or

Computer Terminals

 1 to 4 ................................................ 1,269 179 53 75 61 10.7

 5 to 9 ................................................ 336 44 31 24 16 14.3

 10 to 19 ............................................ 216 34 29 21 13 14.6

 20 to 49 ............................................ 164 41 42 20 12 16.6

 50 to 99 ............................................ 59 21 24 12 4 15.1

 100 to 249 ........................................ 34 11 19 8 3 14.9

 250 or More ..................................... 19 11 13 4 3 18.7

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............. 4,357 728 223 235 197 6.4

 Building Shell ................................... 4,223 709 221 229 193 6.4

 HVAC ............................................... 2,604 545 200 177 139 6.8

 Lighting ............................................ 1,178 275 105 96 73 8.8

 Other ................................................ 264 52 20 26 20 17.0

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control System ......................... 236 78 49 30 22 12.4

 Demand-Side Management

 Participation ..................................... 315 95 41 31 22 12.7

 Energy Audit .................................... 521 131 55 35 32 11.0

 Building Energy Manager ................ 49 12 7 4 6 24.7

See footnotes at end of table.

130 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A26. Energy-Related Space Functions, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Commercial

Food

Preparation

Computer

Room

Rooms

with

Special

Ventilation

Activity with

Large Amount

of Hot Water

0.5 0.9 1.2 1.3 1.4

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program .................... 36 8 4 6 Q 31.7

 HVAC Program ................................ 154 48 22 21 13 15.8

 Lighting Program ............................. 228 67 34 22 14 16.1

 Other DSM Programs ...................... 110 41 18 19 12 18.9

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 131
Table A27. Energy-Related Space Functions, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Commercial

Food

Preparation

Computer

Room

Rooms

with

Special

Ventilation

Activity with

Large Amount

of Hot Water

0.6 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.4

All Buildings ..................................... 67,876 22,166 14,199 8,042 6,862 6.2

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 7,327 911 118 241 194 12.3

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 7,199 994 231 394 223 13.6

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 10,375 1,848 756 742 796 11.2

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 10,069 2,627 1,534 851 1,002 12.8

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 8,062 3,110 2,127 1,095 815 11.8

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 9,678 4,062 3,217 1,628 1,245 13.4

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 7,889 4,639 3,096 1,839 1,706 15.1

 Over 500,000 ................................... 7,278 3,975 3,119 1,250 880 18.0

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 8,470 5,676 2,202 2,176 1,380 11.8

 Food Sales ....................................... 757 350 Q Q Q 24.7

 Food Service ................................... 1,491 1,453 Q Q 176 15.0

 Health Care ...................................... 1,763 1,294 953 1,006 540 15.8

 Lodging ............................................ 2,891 1,596 548 Q 1,755 21.9

 Mercantile and Service .................... 12,402 3,806 1,092 778 1,117 16.2

 Office ............................................... 12,319 3,674 5,569 1,496 792 11.9

 Parking Garage ................................ 1,652 QQQQ 45.2

 Public Assembly .............................. 4,556 1,769 442 433 544 24.4

 Public Order and Safety ................... 820 QQQQ 39.5

 Religious Worship ............................ 3,747 1,231 Q Q Q 22.0

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 11,484 346 2,079 563 Q 20.2

 Other ................................................ 1,130 Q 396 632 185 22.6

 Vacant .............................................. 4,396 507 550 Q Q 34.8

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 1,721 495 Q Q Q 21.1

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 3,608 1,334 673 Q Q 27.6

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 8,712 2,225 1,439 1,030 803 18.7

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 10,421 2,849 1,436 1,051 908 11.6

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 12,612 4,924 3,057 1,840 1,244 13.6

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 14,014 5,067 2,857 1,951 1,856 10.8

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 14,287 4,414 3,748 1,362 1,365 12.4

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 2,502 859 811 437 454 18.9

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 13,400 5,740 3,736 1,998 1,714 13.2

 Midwest ............................................ 17,280 5,804 3,265 2,499 1,867 10.2

 South ............................................... 24,577 6,870 3,966 2,163 2,317 10.5

 West ................................................. 12,619 3,753 3,233 1,381 964 12.4

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 66,549 22,166 14,199 8,036 6,862 6.2

 Natural Gas ...................................... 45,097 18,488 10,618 6,332 5,725 6.8

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 13,218 7,452 5,745 2,995 2,445 9.5

 District Heat ..................................... 5,339 2,280 2,124 1,627 818 15.3

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 920 839 500 416 23.0

 Propane ........................................... 3,393 1,545 925 542 561 19.6

 Any Other ......................................... 1,551 394 Q Q Q 30.7

See footnotes at end of table.

132 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A27. Energy-Related Space Functions, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Commercial

Food

Preparation

Computer

Room

Rooms

with

Special

Ventilation

Activity with

Large Amount

of Hot Water

0.6 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.4

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 61,996 21,833 14,170 7,995 6,829 6.3

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 57,041 21,096 14,199 7,744 6,546 6.5

 Buildings with Water Heating ........... 58,479 22,095 13,947 7,890 6,857 6.4

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 23,065 22,159 7,328 4,178 4,813 8.2

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........... 3,174 525 810 864 421 21.1

Predominant Exterior Wall

Materials

 Masonry ........................................... 48,585 17,270 9,222 5,898 5,571 6.7

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 3,873 919 297 100 185 17.9

 Metal Panels .................................... 7,392 677 958 723 Q 22.1

 Concrete Panels .............................. 4,961 1,998 1,713 682 694 20.4

 Window Glass .................................. 2,028 993 1,309 478 231 25.5

 Other ................................................ 1,037 309 701 Q Q 32.8

Predominant Roof Materials

 Built-Up ............................................ 30,257 10,364 7,468 3,567 3,043 8.3

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 10,570 2,931 905 761 814 16.9

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 9,019 1,157 772 651 311 18.7

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 11,702 6,039 3,852 2,250 2,250 11.7

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 1,998 671 180 374 295 27.3

 Concrete .......................................... 2,544 570 488 Q Q 37.7

 Other ................................................ 1,786 435 535 Q Q 20.2

Floors

 One .................................................. 25,424 5,058 2,680 1,509 1,279 11.2

 Two .................................................. 18,025 5,512 2,934 1,633 1,773 10.5

 Three ............................................... 9,877 4,208 2,245 1,701 1,493 11.5

 Four to Nine ..................................... 10,377 4,716 3,700 2,317 1,485 12.6

 Ten or More ..................................... 4,173 2,672 2,640 881 832 18.4

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 17,944 1,783 409 553 537 16.1

 5 to 9 ................................................ 7,524 1,322 391 348 318 14.6

 10 to 19 ............................................ 8,077 1,719 538 615 708 15.7

 20 to 49 ............................................ 10,556 3,419 1,898 1,274 1,201 11.9

 50 to 99 ............................................ 7,763 3,424 2,504 1,467 1,369 13.7

 100 to 249 ........................................ 7,378 3,998 2,795 1,647 1,349 16.2

 250 or More ..................................... 8,633 6,502 5,666 2,139 1,380 12.1

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 8,246 1,828 435 322 Q 18.4

 40 to 48 ............................................ 14,998 3,014 2,954 1,748 717 12.4

 49 to 60 ............................................ 14,046 3,118 3,207 1,401 750 12.0

 61 to 84 ............................................ 12,062 5,188 3,200 1,481 1,163 13.4

 85 to 167 .......................................... 8,467 4,754 1,618 1,191 1,429 14.9

 Open Continuously .......................... 10,057 4,264 2,786 1,899 2,528 12.7

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 52,752 14,098 10,353 4,764 5,055 7.1

 Owner Occupied ............................ 38,403 10,890 7,652 3,845 4,101 7.1

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 12,273 3,119 2,599 866 931 15.2

 Unoccupied .................................... 2,077 QQQQ 20.2

 Government Owned ......................... 15,124 8,068 3,847 3,277 1,807 10.9

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 31,564 10,614 7,663 4,636 3,141 9.5

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 8,395 3,526 2,478 2,281 1,413 15.0

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 23,170 7,088 5,185 2,355 1,728 11.4

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 36,312 11,553 6,537 3,405 3,721 6.9

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 133
Table A27. Energy-Related Space Functions, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Commercial

Food

Preparation

Computer

Room

Rooms

with

Special

Ventilation

Activity with

Large Amount

of Hot Water

0.6 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.4

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 6,211 QQQQ 18.7

 1 to 50 .............................................. 11,195 2,040 1,621 816 332 20.3

 51 to 99 ............................................ 10,211 4,284 2,934 1,539 1,556 11.6

 100 ................................................... 40,260 15,428 9,614 5,640 4,937 6.9

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 10,835 1,070 Q 297 316 18.1

 1 to 50 .............................................. 21,715 5,468 4,313 2,570 1,371 10.8

 51 to 99 ............................................ 13,872 7,211 4,650 2,271 2,472 11.1

 100 ................................................... 21,454 8,417 5,236 2,904 2,704 9.2

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,269 2,871 2,290 1,054 1,470 15.2

 Furnaces .......................................... 16,909 4,459 2,291 1,261 1,300 11.2

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 22,380 7,233 5,158 2,902 2,580 9.0

 District Heat ..................................... 5,225 2,198 2,070 1,592 783 15.6

 Boilers .............................................. 20,664 10,439 6,599 3,915 3,490 9.6

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 16,000 6,349 4,384 1,773 2,137 11.3

 Other ................................................ 903 513 418 Q Q 28.7

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 9,021 2,553 1,762 975 911 14.4

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,406 2,991 2,355 1,101 1,392 13.9

 Individual Air Conditioners ............... 17,979 6,750 4,361 2,339 2,338 11.5

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 920 839 500 416 23.0

 Central Chillers ................................ 12,991 7,823 5,942 3,247 2,261 10.8

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................. 27,830 10,896 8,419 4,013 3,496 8.0

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 2,085 755 482 343 213 29.5

 Other ................................................ 268 QQQQ 63.6

Personal Computers and/or

Computer Terminals

 1 to 4 ................................................ 13,355 2,810 931 822 1,358 12.6

 5 to 9 ................................................ 5,970 1,802 1,071 591 726 15.5

 10 to 19 ............................................ 6,236 2,026 1,212 774 460 17.6

 20 to 49 ............................................ 7,439 2,875 2,312 1,183 847 14.5

 50 to 99 ............................................ 4,908 2,800 2,053 1,110 828 16.1

 100 to 249 ........................................ 4,220 2,353 2,408 1,441 744 16.5

 250 or More ..................................... 5,569 4,239 4,052 1,554 1,089 15.8

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............. 64,403 22,132 14,199 8,006 6,824 6.3

 Building Shell ................................... 62,056 21,922 14,056 7,862 6,721 6.3

 HVAC ............................................... 50,281 20,551 13,133 7,303 6,314 6.6

 Lighting ............................................ 29,453 12,988 8,990 4,912 3,579 8.5

 Other ................................................ 5,952 2,615 1,708 1,116 985 15.0

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control System ......................... 14,320 8,356 6,313 3,351 2,517 10.8

 Demand-Side Management

 Participation ..................................... 11,310 6,788 4,078 2,448 2,048 10.7

 Energy Audit .................................... 14,779 7,392 5,238 2,747 2,169 10.0

 Building Energy Manager ................ 2,311 1,108 849 538 588 21.3

See footnotes at end of table.

134 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A27. Energy-Related Space Functions, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Commercial

Food

Preparation

Computer

Room

Rooms

with

Special

Ventilation

Activity with

Large Amount

of Hot Water

0.6 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.4

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program .................... 1,079 622 480 197 Q 25.0

 HVAC Program ................................ 6,370 3,964 2,540 1,612 1,303 12.8

 Lighting Program ............................. 8,805 5,394 3,325 1,897 1,533 12.5

 Other DSM Programs ...................... 6,176 4,240 2,660 1,469 1,431 14.5

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 135
Table A28. Additional Operating Hours for Equipment Use, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Type of Equipment

All

Buildings

Type of Equipment

Heating

and/or

Cooling Lighting

Heating

and/or

Cooling Lighting

0.7 1.2 1.4 0.7 1.0 1.3

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 1,223 633 67,876 20,300 12,886 5.5

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 626 307 7,327 1,778 860 8.8

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 256 145 7,199 1,905 1,096 7.4

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 171 83 10,375 2,904 1,374 8.0

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 90 45 10,069 3,211 1,663 9.8

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 44 30 8,062 2,970 2,022 10.3

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 26 14 9,678 3,378 1,970 11.4

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 8 6 7,889 2,487 1,912 14.1

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 2 2 7,278 1,667 1,990 24.4

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 82 35 8,470 3,246 2,073 10.3

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 48 30 757 217 152 21.3

 Food Service ................................... 260 74 43 1,491 462 237 15.5

 Health Care ...................................... 63 24 Q 1,763 258 Q 18.8

 Lodging ............................................ 154 Q Q 2,891 Q Q 17.2

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 357 217 12,402 4,530 3,097 10.3

 Office ............................................... 749 269 119 12,319 5,119 3,530 8.8

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 Q Q 1,652 Q 188 33.5

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 85 33 4,556 1,183 511 14.3

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 Q Q 820 Q Q 30.3

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 101 22 3,747 1,177 458 14.3

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 116 75 11,484 2,604 1,435 11.0

 Other ................................................ 69 16 9 1,130 405 288 24.4

 Vacant .............................................. 319 26 29 4,396 843 680 21.0

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 52 35 1,721 684 286 19.8

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 81 48 3,608 1,400 1,026 18.6

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 189 112 8,712 2,376 1,359 11.8

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 223 99 10,421 3,102 1,626 9.8

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 182 96 12,612 3,753 2,567 9.9

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 241 129 14,014 3,924 2,827 9.0

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 213 103 14,287 4,315 2,662 10.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 41 12 2,502 747 535 20.9

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 248 99 13,400 4,360 2,417 12.3

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 351 152 17,280 5,688 3,181 9.4

 South ............................................... 1,963 431 264 24,577 6,468 4,704 9.8

 West ................................................. 870 192 119 12,619 3,785 2,584 11.1

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 1,223 633 66,549 20,300 12,886 5.5

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 791 413 45,097 15,139 9,756 6.3

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 176 84 13,218 4,279 3,197 12.0

 District Heat ..................................... 95 37 12 5,339 1,664 1,200 16.1

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 9 3 2,066 603 298 25.1

 Propane ........................................... 337 71 33 3,393 782 584 16.8

 Any Other ......................................... 163 52 26 1,551 632 275 25.2

See footnotes at end of table.

136 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A28. Additional Operating Hours for Equipment Use, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Type of Equipment

All

Buildings

Type of Equipment

Heating

and/or

Cooling Lighting

Heating

and/or

Cooling Lighting

0.7 1.2 1.4 0.7 1.0 1.3

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 1,211 602 61,996 19,914 12,377 5.7

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 1,034 525 57,041 18,624 12,026 5.9

 Buildings with Water Heating ........... 3,502 1,080 543 58,479 19,464 12,198 5.7

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 231 121 23,065 7,483 5,749 8.5

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........... 121 34 19 3,174 866 583 18.7

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 554 313 17,944 3,200 1,933 9.1

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 277 120 7,524 2,201 1,059 9.4

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 166 75 8,077 2,332 1,085 11.4

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 139 69 10,556 3,587 1,914 8.1

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 50 29 7,763 3,234 1,784 11.4

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 26 20 7,378 2,750 2,181 12.6

 250 or More ..................................... 31 11 8 8,633 2,996 2,931 13.9

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 177 86 8,246 1,930 1,156 12.0

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 399 181 14,998 5,989 2,876 8.4

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 297 155 14,046 5,667 3,407 7.9

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 188 102 12,062 4,349 3,471 9.7

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 161 109 8,467 2,366 1,976 11.6

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 Q Q 10,057 Q Q 14.5

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 449 139 71 8,269 2,828 1,616 14.2

 Furnaces .......................................... 1,692 551 253 16,909 5,881 3,254 8.6

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 407 174 22,380 7,133 4,246 7.9

 District Heat ..................................... 93 36 12 5,225 1,629 1,186 16.2

 Boilers .............................................. 624 231 114 20,664 7,793 4,826 7.6

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 870 224 129 16,000 4,379 3,121 9.6

 Other ................................................ 42 11 Q 903 287 Q 31.4

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ................. 473 183 79 13,263 4,906 2,485 9.2

 Ducts for Heating ............................. 2,955 906 451 45,422 15,148 9,544 6.0

 Heating Only ............................... 577 180 80 5,950 2,063 996 13.1

 Heating and Cooling ................... 2,378 726 372 39,472 13,085 8,548 6.3

 Variable Air-Volume

 System ........................................ 210 69 33 11,528 3,820 2,736 11.3

 Fan Coil Units for Heating ................ 99 40 16 5,474 1,750 990 14.7

 Heating Only ............................... 78 30 12 3,569 1,218 673 17.1

 Heating and Cooling ................... 21 10 3 1,906 532 317 23.3

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 407 174 22,380 7,133 4,246 7.9

 Other ................................................ 181 61 32 3,310 1,395 986 18.0

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 816 250 126 9,021 3,081 2,020 11.1

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 454 144 79 8,406 2,865 1,751 13.5

 Individual Air Conditioners ............... 1,023 305 140 17,979 5,772 3,434 10.0

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 9 3 2,066 603 298 25.1

 Central Chillers ................................ 142 57 37 12,991 4,149 3,550 11.7

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................. 1,459 419 222 27,830 9,179 6,096 7.0

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 179 48 32 2,085 748 281 23.6

 Other ................................................ 8 Q Q 268 Q Q 59.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 137
Table A28. Additional Operating Hours for Equipment Use, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Type of Equipment

All

Buildings

Type of Equipment

Heating

and/or

Cooling Lighting

Heating

and/or

Cooling Lighting

0.7 1.2 1.4 0.7 1.0 1.3

Cooling Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Ducts for Cooling ............................. 2,733 816 431 47,755 15,626 10,209 6.0

 Cooling Only ............................... 355 90 60 8,283 2,541 1,661 11.7

 Heating and Cooling ................... 2,378 726 372 39,472 13,085 8,548 6.3

 Variable Air-volume

 System ........................................ 221 67 39 12,430 3,784 2,943 10.7

 Fan Coil Units for Cooling ................ 56 22 10 3,875 1,412 992 22.0

 Cooling Only ............................... 35 12 7 1,969 880 675 32.3

 Heating and Cooling ................... 21 10 3 1,906 532 317 23.3

 Individual Air Conditioners ............... 1,023 305 140 17,979 5,772 3,434 10.0

 Other ................................................ 111 33 20 2,919 1,004 681 22.8

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent ................................... 2,509 754 377 39,221 13,294 8,116 6.4

 Standard Fluorescent ...................... 4,065 1,155 601 62,074 19,932 12,574 5.5

 Compact Fluorescent ....................... 206 75 49 8,336 2,733 2,146 12.0

 High-Intensity Discharge .................. 354 115 72 17,570 5,420 3,650 8.9

 Other ................................................ 78 20 11 1,612 471 281 23.4

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 3,343 987 459 50,311 16,818 10,152 6.2

 Wall Insulation ................................. 2,320 695 320 33,240 11,362 6,874 7.3

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 1,680 621 235 29,684 10,372 5,630 7.6

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass ................................................ 1,068 300 173 25,396 8,027 5,645 8.5

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,853 599 293 34,071 11,573 7,212 7.0

 Windows that Open ......................... 2,119 577 244 28,937 8,091 4,538 7.1

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 250 77 43 13,970 4,460 3,302 10.4

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 414 130 93 18,313 5,987 4,581 10.8

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 2,503 778 356 49,173 16,520 10,587 6.2

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ......................... 574 173 96 15,241 4,852 3,320 10.0

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ............................................ 74 16 20 3,072 692 746 16.6

 Occupancy Sensors ......................... 59 20 14 3,629 1,304 819 16.3

 Time Clock ....................................... 339 91 89 12,104 3,633 3,343 12.5

 Manual Dimmer Switches ................ 413 146 73 12,329 3,897 2,808 9.8

 Other ................................................ 78 29 14 2,596 961 583 17.2

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............. 4,357 1,203 594 64,403 20,168 12,550 5.8

 Building Shell ................................... 4,223 1,176 579 62,056 19,610 12,295 5.9

 HVAC ............................................... 2,604 809 380 50,281 17,027 10,779 6.3

 Lighting ............................................ 1,178 369 223 29,453 9,492 6,747 7.1

 Other ................................................ 264 101 46 5,952 2,136 1,312 12.5

See footnotes at end of table.

138 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A28. Additional Operating Hours for Equipment Use, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Type of Equipment

All

Buildings

Type of Equipment

Heating

and/or

Cooling Lighting

Heating

and/or

Cooling Lighting

0.7 1.2 1.4 0.7 1.0 1.3

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control System ......................... 236 80 38 14,320 4,970 3,820 10.4

 Demand-Side Management

 Participation ..................................... 315 124 63 11,310 3,956 2,834 9.6

 Energy Audit .................................... 521 188 82 14,779 5,473 3,792 9.3

 Building Energy Manager ................ 49 12 9 2,311 545 485 21.3

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program .................... 36 13 4 1,079 372 251 24.0

 HVAC Program ................................ 154 63 34 6,370 2,235 1,540 12.2

 Lighting Program ............................. 228 87 45 8,805 2,900 2,082 11.6

 Other DSM Programs ...................... 110 39 29 6,176 1,911 1,612 13.9

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for

explanation of abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 139
Table A29. Energy Sources, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

Using Any

Energy

Source

Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Wood

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.1 1.6 2.2 1.6 2.0

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 4,620 4,616 2,665 559 95 28 337 103 7.7

Building Floorspace (Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 2,543 2,539 1,331 288 18 Q 218 70 10.8

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 954 954 574 125 11 Q 62 25 10.7

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 628 628 420 62 28 8 32 Q 11.6

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 275 275 181 39 16 9 15 Q 13.0

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 114 114 83 21 10 Q 6 Q 13.0

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 70 70 52 11 6 2 3Q 15.3

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 25 25 18 10 5 2 Q Q 16.5

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 9 9 6 4 1 1Q Q 30.1

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 301 301 196 28 21 9 16 Q 15.8

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 130 130 71 QQQQQ 26.6

 Food Service ................................... 260 260 260 196 22 Q Q 30 Q 16.3

 Health Care ...................................... 63 63 63 45 7 2 Q Q Q 27.0

 Lodging ............................................ 154 154 154 98 18 9 Q 17 Q 20.8

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 1,270 1,268 765 198 9 Q 107 49 11.6

 Office ............................................... 749 749 749 474 87 24 8 15 Q 12.5

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 24 24 11 QQQQQ 49.5

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 278 278 171 29 10 Q 26 Q 15.6

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 60 60 37 15 QQQQ 32.3

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 366 366 209 60 Q Q 52 Q 18.3

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 685 685 265 63 Q Q 40 Q 14.3

 Other ................................................ 69 65 65 29 11 4 Q Q Q 29.9

 Vacant .............................................. 319 215 213 98 13 2 Q Q Q 18.3

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 169 169 112 31 4 Q Q Q 24.3

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 244 244 178 52 10 Q Q Q 18.6

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 683 681 437 105 13 Q 42 37 13.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 839 839 515 107 22 7 60 Q 13.2

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 759 759 465 89 22 5 53 Q 12.4

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 945 945 517 91 9 5 67 Q 12.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 855 855 387 74 11 Q 73 Q 11.7

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 127 124 53 8 Q Q 20 Q 26.2

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 755 755 370 284 23 2 71 Q 14.6

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 1,141 1,139 847 79 24 7 80 35 14.8

 South ............................................... 1,963 1,878 1,876 888 182 28 10 153 38 12.4

 West ................................................. 870 845 845 560 14 21 9 Q Q 18.1

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 4,616 4,616 2,665 556 95 28 335 99 7.6

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 2,665 2,665 2,665 130 35 15 20 23 10.3

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 559 556 130 559 11 2 61 Q 15.5

 District Heat ..................................... 95 95 95 35 11 95 24 Q Q 16.7

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 28 28 15 2 24 28 Q Q 24.0

 Propane ........................................... 337 337 335 20 61 Q Q 337 Q 22.4

 Any Other ......................................... 163 163 159 43 34 Q Q Q 103 19.4

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 4,178 4,173 2,627 554 95 28 330 102 7.7

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 3,502 3,502 2,263 378 82 28 230 29 8.0

 Buildings with Water Heating ........... 3,502 3,502 3,502 2,333 435 82 22 244 49 7.9

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 734 734 532 101 19 8 84 Q 11.2

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........... 121 121 118 83 20 6 Q 15 Q 24.5

See footnotes at end of table.

140 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A29. Energy Sources, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

Using Any

Energy

Source

Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Wood

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.1 1.6 2.2 1.6 2.0

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ................. 399 382 382 228 80 10 Q 34 Q 26.9

 5,500-7,000 HDD ........................ 1,134 1,089 1,089 766 184 29 5 70 Q 19.1

 4,000-5,499 HDD ........................ 1,077 1,043 1,039 481 211 27 4 105 39 23.1

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............... 1,101 1,058 1,058 649 Q 13 10 88 Q 23.9

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............... 1,095 1,048 1,048 541 32 16 9 41 Q 20.3

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 2,534 2,530 1,266 304 22 Q 215 84 10.7

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 895 895 560 94 14 Q 64 Q 10.7

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 560 560 383 67 22 10 33 Q 12.8

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 405 405 300 43 17 5 16 Q 13.0

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 130 130 87 21 10 3 5 Q 15.7

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 64 64 48 15 4 2 4Q 15.3

 250 or More ..................................... 31 31 31 22 14 7 3 Q Q 14.6

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 891 889 407 119 11 Q 94 Q 14.3

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 1,270 1,270 753 146 34 8 59 34 11.0

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 994 992 599 131 16 4 69 Q 12.0

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 641 641 404 77 9 4 44 Q 10.8

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 475 475 299 41 7 Q 46 Q 15.2

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 349 349 202 44 19 5 26 Q 13.6

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 4,206 4,041 4,037 2,309 483 44 11 305 94 8.7

 Owner Occupied ............................ 3,192 3,131 3,127 1,814 413 35 9 240 78 9.1

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 817 796 796 458 63 9 Q 57 Q 13.6

 Unoccupied .................................... 197 114 114 37 QQQQQ 24.9

 Government Owned ......................... 599 578 578 356 75 51 18 32 Q 12.3

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ......... 735 735 735 533 101 19 8 84 Q 11.3

 Computer Room .............................. 223 223 223 149 51 11 5 18 Q 15.1

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ....... 236 236 236 162 43 17 3 22 Q 15.9

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ..................................... 203 203 203 154 23 6 2 29 Q 14.7

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 141
Table A30. Energy Sources, Percent of Buildings, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

Using Any

Energy

Source

Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Wood

-- 0.1 0.1 0.7 2.1 2.9 4.2 2.7 3.3

All Buildings ..................................... 100.0 96.1 96.0 55.5 11.6 2.0 0.6 7.0 2.2 4.6

Building Floorspace (Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 100.0 94.8 94.7 49.6 10.7 0.7 Q 8.1 2.6 6.6

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 100.0 97.9 97.9 58.9 12.8 1.1 Q 6.4 2.6 7.4

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 100.0 97.1 97.1 64.8 9.5 4.4 1.2 5.0 Q 7.6

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 100.0 97.9 97.9 64.6 13.7 5.6 3.3 5.4 Q 7.9

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 100.0 98.7 98.5 71.7 18.4 8.4 Q 4.8 Q 6.3

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 100.0 99.7 99.7 73.7 15.5 8.9 2.9 4.4 Q 6.1

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 100.0 96.8 96.8 70.9 38.7 18.1 9.0 Q Q 10.1

 Over 500,000 ................................... 100.0 99.9 99.9 64.7 37.9 15.6 7.2 Q Q 6.8

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 65.2 9.2 7.0 3.0 5.2 Q 8.2

 Food Sales ....................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 54.6 QQQQQ 15.8

 Food Service ................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 75.6 8.5 Q Q 11.6 Q 8.4

 Health Care ...................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 71.5 11.7 3.6 Q Q Q 12.9

 Lodging ............................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 63.8 11.7 5.9 Q 11.4 Q 11.1

 Mercantile and Service .................... 100.0 99.9 99.7 60.2 15.6 0.7 Q 8.4 3.8 5.0

 Office ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 63.3 11.6 3.2 1.0 2.1 Q 7.1

 Parking Garage ................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 45.8 QQQQQ 33.8

 Public Assembly .............................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 61.4 10.4 3.7 Q 9.4 Q 9.5

 Public Order and Safety ................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 61.8 24.3 QQQQ 14.2

 Religious Worship ............................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 57.1 16.5 Q Q 14.1 Q 9.5

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 100.0 90.0 90.0 34.8 8.2 Q Q 5.3 Q 13.2

 Other ................................................ 100.0 94.2 94.2 41.6 16.4 5.6 Q Q Q 27.8

 Vacant .............................................. 100.0 67.3 66.6 30.8 4.1 0.8 Q Q Q 22.0

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 66.5 18.4 2.2 Q Q Q 0.9

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 100.0 95.7 95.5 69.7 20.3 3.9 Q Q Q 11.7

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 100.0 94.2 94.0 60.4 14.5 1.8 Q 5.8 5.1 9.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 100.0 95.4 95.4 58.6 12.2 2.6 0.8 6.9 Q 8.2

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 100.0 96.9 96.9 59.4 11.4 2.9 0.7 6.7 Q 7.0

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 100.0 96.2 96.2 52.7 9.3 0.9 0.5 6.8 Q 8.2

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 100.0 96.7 96.7 43.8 8.4 1.3 Q 8.3 Q 8.2

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 100.0 98.9 97.3 41.4 6.6 Q Q 15.3 Q 13.1

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 100.0 98.0 98.0 48.0 36.8 3.0 0.3 9.3 Q 9.3

 Midwest ............................................ 100.0 94.9 94.7 70.5 6.6 2.0 0.6 6.7 2.9 8.9

 South ............................................... 100.0 95.7 95.6 45.2 9.3 1.4 0.5 7.8 1.9 7.1

 West ................................................. 100.0 97.1 97.1 64.4 1.6 2.4 1.0 Q Q 10.3

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 57.7 12.1 2.1 0.6 7.3 2.2 4.3

 Natural Gas ...................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4.9 1.3 0.6 0.8 0.8 6.5

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 100.0 100.0 99.6 23.2 100.0 2.0 0.4 10.9 Q 8.0

 District Heat ..................................... 100.0 100.0 99.7 36.6 11.7 100.0 24.9 Q Q 7.3

 District Chilled Water ....................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 52.9 8.6 83.5 100.0 Q Q 8.9

 Propane ........................................... 100.0 100.0 99.4 6.1 18.0 Q Q 100.0 Q 15.0

 Any Other ......................................... 100.0 100.0 97.5 26.6 20.6 Q Q Q 63.4 11.0

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 100.0 100.0 99.9 62.9 13.3 2.3 0.7 7.9 2.4 3.4

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 64.6 10.8 2.3 0.8 6.6 0.8 4.5

 Buildings with Water Heating ........... 100.0 100.0 100.0 66.6 12.4 2.3 0.6 7.0 1.4 4.4

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 72.4 13.7 2.5 1.1 11.5 Q 6.0

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........... 100.0 100.0 98.2 68.9 16.8 5.4 Q 12.0 Q 13.0

See footnotes at end of table.

142 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A30. Energy Sources, Percent of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

Using Any

Energy

Source

Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Wood

-- 0.1 0.1 0.7 2.1 2.9 4.2 2.7 3.3

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ................. 100.0 95.6 95.6 57.2 20.2 2.5 Q 8.4 Q 16.1

 5,500-7,000 HDD ........................ 100.0 96.1 96.1 67.6 16.2 2.6 0.5 6.1 Q 9.7

 4,000-5,499 HDD ........................ 100.0 96.9 96.5 44.7 19.6 2.5 0.4 9.7 3.7 9.0

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............... 100.0 96.1 96.1 58.9 4.7 1.2 0.9 8.0 Q 11.9

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............... 100.0 95.7 95.7 49.4 2.9 1.4 0.8 3.7 Q 9.7

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 100.0 93.2 93.1 46.6 11.2 0.8 Q 7.9 3.1 6.9

 5 to 9 ................................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 62.5 10.5 1.6 Q 7.2 Q 6.9

 10 to 19 ............................................ 100.0 99.7 99.7 68.3 12.0 3.9 1.7 5.8 Q 6.1

 20 to 49 ............................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 74.0 10.6 4.1 1.2 3.9 Q 7.4

 50 to 99 ............................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 67.1 16.4 7.9 2.5 3.8 Q 8.3

 100 to 249 ........................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 74.7 23.9 5.6 3.0 6.0 Q 7.5

 250 or More ..................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 69.3 43.2 21.7 8.6 Q Q 7.2

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 100.0 85.7 85.5 39.1 11.5 1.0 Q 9.1 Q 11.9

 40 to 48 ............................................ 100.0 99.3 99.3 58.9 11.4 2.6 0.6 4.6 2.6 5.5

 49 to 60 ............................................ 100.0 99.0 98.8 59.7 13.1 1.6 0.4 6.9 Q 7.0

 61 to 84 ............................................ 100.0 99.4 99.4 62.7 11.9 1.3 0.6 6.8 Q 5.8

 85 to 167 .......................................... 100.0 99.3 99.3 62.5 8.6 1.5 Q 9.5 Q 7.7

 Open Continuously .......................... 100.0 96.5 96.5 55.9 12.3 5.2 1.5 7.0 Q 9.2

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 100.0 96.1 96.0 54.9 11.5 1.0 0.3 7.2 2.2 5.5

 Owner Occupied ............................ 100.0 98.1 98.0 56.8 12.9 1.1 0.3 7.5 2.4 5.3

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 100.0 97.4 97.4 56.1 7.8 1.1 Q 6.9 Q 9.0

 Unoccupied .................................... 100.0 58.0 58.0 18.9 QQQQQ 56.4

 Government Owned ......................... 100.0 96.5 96.5 59.4 12.6 8.5 2.9 5.4 Q 6.4

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ......... 100.0 100.0 100.0 72.5 13.7 2.5 1.1 11.4 Q 6.0

 Computer Room .............................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 66.7 23.0 5.1 2.4 8.1 Q 7.0

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ....... 100.0 99.8 99.8 68.5 18.3 7.0 1.4 9.4 Q 5.6

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ..................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 75.7 11.4 3.2 1.2 14.1 Q 8.1

-- = Data not applicable.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 143
Table A31. Energy Sources, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Using Any

Energy

Source

Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Wood

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.0 1.5 2.1 1.6 1.9

All Buildings ..................................... 67,876 66,574 66,549 45,097 13,218 5,339 2,066 3,393 518 7.1

Building Floorspace (Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 7,327 7,006 6,996 3,761 829 56 Q 573 177 10.9

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 7,199 7,057 7,057 4,266 925 73 Q 466 185 10.6

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 10,375 10,097 10,097 6,865 978 450 115 456 Q 11.3

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 10,069 9,856 9,856 6,510 1,377 545 311 501 Q 13.2

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 8,062 7,951 7,936 5,735 1,539 653 Q 411 Q 12.9

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 9,678 9,658 9,658 7,134 1,573 780 252 500 Q 15.2

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 7,889 7,678 7,678 5,648 3,017 1,532 737 Q Q 16.7

 Over 500,000 ................................... 7,278 7,271 7,271 5,177 2,980 1,250 515 Q Q 24.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 8,470 8,470 8,470 6,849 1,837 688 253 470 Q 13.7

 Food Sales ....................................... 757 757 757 512 Q Q Q Q Q 28.1

 Food Service ................................... 1,491 1,491 1,491 1,145 142 Q Q 158 Q 19.8

 Health Care ...................................... 1,763 1,763 1,763 1,557 1,093 403 227 Q Q 17.8

 Lodging ............................................ 2,891 2,891 2,891 2,233 827 580 Q 357 Q 22.3

 Mercantile and Service .................... 12,402 12,399 12,393 9,382 2,106 148 Q 742 203 15.5

 Office ............................................... 12,319 12,319 12,319 7,855 3,605 1,713 659 211 Q 12.2

 Parking Garage ................................ 1,652 1,652 1,652 Q Q Q Q Q Q 47.8

 Public Assembly .............................. 4,556 4,556 4,556 2,537 825 348 Q 281 Q 28.0

 Public Order and Safety ................... 820 820 820 582 251 Q Q Q Q 40.8

 Religious Worship ............................ 3,747 3,747 3,747 2,899 532 Q Q 247 Q 21.1

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 11,484 11,179 11,179 6,339 1,012 Q Q 625 Q 16.7

 Other ................................................ 1,130 1,124 1,124 819 278 326 Q Q Q 25.8

 Vacant .............................................. 4,396 3,407 3,388 2,021 575 410 Q Q Q 29.0

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 1,721 1,721 1,721 1,249 344 91 Q Q Q 23.5

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 3,608 3,416 3,402 2,826 764 269 Q Q Q 25.4

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 8,712 8,400 8,396 5,738 1,748 1,135 Q 390 199 17.0

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 10,421 10,135 10,135 7,294 1,647 566 241 401 Q 13.6

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 12,612 12,479 12,479 8,900 2,363 1,419 376 642 Q 14.2

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 14,014 13,781 13,781 9,230 2,747 976 632 786 Q 12.8

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 14,287 14,153 14,153 8,230 2,862 681 243 810 Q 14.8

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 2,502 2,489 2,483 1,630 743 202 164 212 Q 18.3

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 13,400 13,235 13,235 8,559 5,535 1,560 302 1,041 Q 14.3

 Midwest ............................................ 17,280 16,920 16,914 13,838 2,541 1,884 684 579 140 12.2

 South ............................................... 24,577 24,004 23,985 13,408 3,582 983 659 1,514 168 11.7

 West ................................................. 12,619 12,415 12,415 9,292 1,559 912 421 260 Q 14.0

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 66,549 66,549 66,549 45,097 13,211 5,324 2,066 3,386 508 7.1

 Natural Gas ...................................... 45,097 45,097 45,097 45,097 8,450 2,798 1,109 814 181 8.9

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 13,218 13,218 13,211 8,450 13,218 1,280 588 1,243 Q 11.0

 District Heat ..................................... 5,339 5,339 5,324 2,798 1,280 5,339 1,737 Q Q 14.2

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 2,066 2,066 1,109 588 1,737 2,066 Q Q 22.1

 Propane ........................................... 3,393 3,393 3,386 814 1,243 Q Q 3,393 Q 19.1

 Any Other ......................................... 1,551 1,551 1,541 788 375 Q Q Q 518 28.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 61,996 61,996 61,971 44,624 12,933 5,324 2,063 3,340 511 7.3

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 57,041 57,041 57,041 41,423 12,081 4,786 2,066 2,837 206 7.9

 Buildings with Water Heating ........... 58,479 58,479 58,479 43,151 12,605 5,177 1,978 2,961 322 7.5

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 23,065 23,065 23,065 18,487 7,452 2,280 920 1,549 Q 10.7

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........... 3,174 3,174 3,167 2,546 739 486 Q 299 Q 22.4

See footnotes at end of table.

144 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A31. Energy Sources, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Using Any

Energy

Source

Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Wood

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.0 1.5 2.1 1.6 1.9

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ................. 5,623 5,476 5,476 3,685 1,551 513 Q 481 Q 23.6

 5,500-7,000 HDD ........................ 18,024 17,730 17,730 13,771 4,208 1,944 574 716 Q 15.1

 4,000-5,499 HDD ........................ 16,162 15,990 15,965 10,517 4,009 1,706 526 869 139 15.3

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............... 15,251 14,878 14,878 11,017 2,191 595 437 646 Q 21.2

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............... 12,816 12,501 12,501 6,107 1,259 581 467 682 Q 17.7

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 17,944 16,665 16,640 8,079 1,793 410 Q 929 332 15.1

 5 to 9 ................................................ 7,524 7,524 7,524 4,494 786 321 Q 510 Q 13.1

 10 to 19 ............................................ 8,077 8,054 8,054 5,484 884 494 193 402 Q 14.3

 20 to 49 ............................................ 10,556 10,556 10,556 8,357 1,094 518 191 445 Q 13.0

 50 to 99 ............................................ 7,763 7,763 7,763 5,982 1,487 806 327 384 Q 17.5

 100 to 249 ........................................ 7,378 7,378 7,378 6,076 2,314 674 192 484 Q 17.5

 250 or More ..................................... 8,633 8,633 8,633 6,625 4,860 2,115 868 Q Q 14.0

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 8,246 7,101 7,083 4,032 1,137 375 Q 522 Q 15.9

 40 to 48 ............................................ 14,998 14,952 14,952 9,529 2,448 807 312 532 138 11.7

 49 to 60 ............................................ 14,046 14,026 14,020 9,575 2,473 1,059 357 674 Q 10.9

 61 to 84 ............................................ 12,062 12,028 12,028 9,141 2,320 702 178 533 Q 14.6

 85 to 167 .......................................... 8,467 8,455 8,455 6,509 1,695 508 278 493 Q 17.5

 Open Continuously .......................... 10,057 10,011 10,011 6,311 3,145 1,888 724 639 Q 16.7

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 52,752 51,612 51,601 34,151 9,420 2,893 1,074 2,694 478 7.8

 Owner Occupied ............................ 38,403 38,173 38,162 26,187 7,627 2,541 896 2,066 400 7.6

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 12,273 12,156 12,156 7,466 1,600 350 Q 589 Q 15.7

 Unoccupied .................................... 2,077 1,283 1,283 498 Q Q Q Q Q 27.1

 Government Owned ......................... 15,124 14,962 14,948 10,945 3,798 2,446 992 699 Q 12.2

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ......... 22,166 22,166 22,166 18,488 7,452 2,280 920 1,545 Q 10.0

 Computer Room .............................. 14,199 14,199 14,199 10,618 5,745 2,124 839 925 Q 11.6

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ....... 8,042 8,036 8,036 6,332 2,995 1,627 500 542 Q 12.4

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ..................................... 6,862 6,862 6,862 5,725 2,445 818 416 561 Q 15.5

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 145
Table A32. Energy Sources, Percent of Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Using Any

Energy

Source

Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Wood

-- 0.1 0.1 0.8 2.0 3.2 4.8 3.5 4.1

All Buildings ..................................... 100.0 98.1 98.0 66.4 19.5 7.9 3.0 5.0 0.8 3.8

Building Floorspace (Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 100.0 95.6 95.5 51.3 11.3 0.8 Q 7.8 2.4 6.7

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 100.0 98.0 98.0 59.3 12.8 1.0 Q 6.5 2.6 7.5

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 100.0 97.3 97.3 66.2 9.4 4.3 1.1 4.4 Q 7.7

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 100.0 97.9 97.9 64.7 13.7 5.4 3.1 5.0 Q 8.0

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 100.0 98.6 98.4 71.1 19.1 8.1 Q 5.1 Q 6.9

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 100.0 99.8 99.8 73.7 16.3 8.1 2.6 5.2 Q 5.8

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 100.0 97.3 97.3 71.6 38.2 19.4 9.3 Q Q 10.0

 Over 500,000 ................................... 100.0 99.9 99.9 71.1 40.9 17.2 7.1 Q Q 5.6

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 80.9 21.7 8.1 3.0 5.6 Q 5.9

 Food Sales ....................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 67.7 Q Q Q Q Q 11.8

 Food Service ................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 76.8 9.5 Q Q 10.6 Q 10.3

 Health Care ...................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 88.3 62.0 22.9 12.9 Q Q 4.7

 Lodging ............................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 77.3 28.6 20.1 Q 12.3 Q 7.7

 Mercantile and Service .................... 100.0 100.0 99.9 75.7 17.0 1.2 Q 6.0 1.6 3.3

 Office ............................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 63.8 29.3 13.9 5.3 1.7 Q 5.9

 Parking Garage ................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 Q Q Q Q Q Q 100.0

 Public Assembly .............................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 55.7 18.1 7.6 Q 6.2 Q 16.2

 Public Order and Safety ................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 71.0 30.6 Q Q Q Q 12.1

 Religious Worship ............................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 77.4 14.2 Q Q 6.6 Q 7.2

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 100.0 97.3 97.3 55.2 8.8 Q Q 5.4 Q 9.9

 Other ................................................ 100.0 99.5 99.5 72.5 24.6 28.9 15.7 Q Q 8.7

 Vacant .............................................. 100.0 77.5 77.1 46.0 13.1 9.3 Q Q Q 26.8

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 72.6 20.0 5.3 Q Q Q 1.5

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 100.0 94.7 94.3 78.3 21.2 7.5 Q Q Q 16.3

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 100.0 96.4 96.4 65.9 20.1 13.0 Q 4.5 2.3 9.8

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 100.0 97.3 97.3 70.0 15.8 5.4 2.3 3.8 Q 7.8

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 100.0 98.9 98.9 70.6 18.7 11.3 3.0 5.1 Q 6.2

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 100.0 98.3 98.3 65.9 19.6 7.0 4.5 5.6 Q 6.9

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 100.0 99.1 99.1 57.6 20.0 4.8 1.7 5.7 Q 6.5

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 100.0 99.5 99.2 65.2 29.7 8.1 6.6 8.5 Q 7.0

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 100.0 98.8 98.8 63.9 41.3 11.6 2.3 7.8 Q 8.0

 Midwest ............................................ 100.0 97.9 97.9 80.1 14.7 10.9 4.0 3.3 0.8 6.5

 South ............................................... 100.0 97.7 97.6 54.6 14.6 4.0 2.7 6.2 0.7 6.3

 West ................................................. 100.0 98.4 98.4 73.6 12.4 7.2 3.3 2.1 Q 8.2

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 67.8 19.9 8.0 3.1 5.1 0.8 3.3

 Natural Gas ...................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 18.7 6.2 2.5 1.8 0.4 4.7

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 63.9 100.0 9.7 4.5 9.4 Q 3.9

 District Heat ..................................... 100.0 100.0 99.7 52.4 24.0 100.0 32.5 Q Q 5.0

 District Chilled Water ....................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 53.7 28.5 84.1 100.0 Q Q 8.2

 Propane ........................................... 100.0 100.0 99.8 24.0 36.6 Q Q 100.0 Q 8.8

 Any Other ......................................... 100.0 100.0 99.3 50.8 24.2 Q Q Q 33.4 11.7

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 72.0 20.9 8.6 3.3 5.4 0.8 2.5

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 72.6 21.2 8.4 3.6 5.0 0.4 3.6

 Buildings with Water Heating ........... 100.0 100.0 100.0 73.8 21.6 8.9 3.4 5.1 0.6 3.5

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 80.2 32.3 9.9 4.0 6.7 Q 4.8

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........... 100.0 100.0 99.8 80.2 23.3 15.3 Q 9.4 Q 6.8

See footnotes at end of table.

146 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A32. Energy Sources, Percent of Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Using Any

Energy

Source

Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Wood

-- 0.1 0.1 0.8 2.0 3.2 4.8 3.5 4.1

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ................. 100.0 97.4 97.4 65.5 27.6 9.1 Q 8.6 Q 13.7

 5,500-7,000 HDD ........................ 100.0 98.4 98.4 76.4 23.3 10.8 3.2 4.0 Q 7.1

 4,000-5,499 HDD ........................ 100.0 98.9 98.8 65.1 24.8 10.6 3.3 5.4 0.9 6.2

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............... 100.0 97.5 97.5 72.2 14.4 3.9 2.9 4.2 Q 8.8

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............... 100.0 97.5 97.5 47.7 9.8 4.5 3.6 5.3 Q 9.2

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 100.0 92.9 92.7 45.0 10.0 2.3 Q 5.2 1.9 10.1

 5 to 9 ................................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 59.7 10.4 4.3 Q 6.8 Q 7.9

 10 to 19 ............................................ 100.0 99.7 99.7 67.9 10.9 6.1 2.4 5.0 Q 6.3

 20 to 49 ............................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 79.2 10.4 4.9 1.8 4.2 Q 5.8

 50 to 99 ............................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 77.1 19.1 10.4 4.2 4.9 Q 7.9

 100 to 249 ........................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 82.4 31.4 9.1 2.6 6.6 Q 6.1

 250 or More ..................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 76.7 56.3 24.5 10.1 Q Q 4.8

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 100.0 86.1 85.9 48.9 13.8 4.5 Q 6.3 Q 13.9

 40 to 48 ............................................ 100.0 99.7 99.7 63.5 16.3 5.4 2.1 3.5 0.9 5.1

 49 to 60 ............................................ 100.0 99.9 99.8 68.2 17.6 7.5 2.5 4.8 Q 4.0

 61 to 84 ............................................ 100.0 99.7 99.7 75.8 19.2 5.8 1.5 4.4 Q 5.3

 85 to 167 .......................................... 100.0 99.9 99.9 76.9 20.0 6.0 3.3 5.8 Q 5.3

 Open Continuously .......................... 100.0 99.5 99.5 62.8 31.3 18.8 7.2 6.4 Q 6.7

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 100.0 97.8 97.8 64.7 17.9 5.5 2.0 5.1 0.9 4.6

 Owner Occupied ............................ 100.0 99.4 99.4 68.2 19.9 6.6 2.3 5.4 1.0 3.8

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 100.0 99.1 99.1 60.8 13.0 2.9 Q 4.8 Q 7.9

 Unoccupied .................................... 100.0 61.8 61.8 24.0 Q Q Q Q Q 99.6

 Government Owned ......................... 100.0 98.9 98.8 72.4 25.1 16.2 6.6 4.6 Q 5.2

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ......... 100.0 100.0 100.0 83.4 33.6 10.3 4.2 7.0 Q 3.8

 Computer Room .............................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 74.8 40.5 15.0 5.9 6.5 Q 4.6

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ....... 100.0 99.9 99.9 78.7 37.2 20.2 6.2 6.7 Q 3.4

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ..................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 83.4 35.6 11.9 6.1 8.2 Q 5.8

-- = Data not applicable.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 147
Table A33. Energy End Uses, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Energy Used For:

All

Buildings

Energy Used For:

Space

Heating

CoolingWater

Heating

Cooking

Manufacturing

Space

Heating

CoolingWater

Heating

Cooking

Manufacturing

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.1 2.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.3 2.5

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 4,178 3,502 3,502 734 121 67,876 61,996 57,041 58,479 23,065 3,174 5.1

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 2,247 1,792 1,733 320 32 7,327 6,210 4,994 4,928 903 97 7.5

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 883 758 787 137 32 7,199 6,533 5,601 5,834 998 245 6.3

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 585 519 539 114 32 10,375 9,424 8,364 8,724 1,852 495 7.1

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 255 236 240 70 11 10,069 9,132 8,435 8,637 2,627 382 9.4

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 110 103 108 44 9 8,062 7,622 7,185 7,489 3,110 618 8.6

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 64 59 62 29 3 9,678 8,730 8,072 8,492 4,062 442 10.7

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 24 24 25 15 1 7,889 7,470 7,217 7,466 4,639 257 13.2

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 9 9 9 6 1 7,278 6,876 7,174 6,910 4,874 637 26.3

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 295 251 230 98 Q 8,470 8,379 7,389 8,036 5,676 Q 9.6

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 120 119 124 40 Q 757 723 725 739 350 Q 19.1

 Food Service ................................. 260 249 244 259 244 Q 1,491 1,435 1,449 1,490 1,450 Q 10.6

 Health Care .................................... 63 61 59 62 6 Q 1,763 1,746 1,747 1,760 1,289 Q 16.9

 Lodging .......................................... 154 150 120 152 38 Q 2,891 2,870 2,493 2,869 1,600 Q 15.9

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 1,214 942 923 89 43 12,402 11,835 10,874 10,809 3,806 532 9.3

 Office .............................................. 749 745 731 705 30 20 12,319 12,255 12,198 12,030 3,674 363 8.5

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 17 12 13 Q Q 1,652 1,165 922 933 Q Q 40.7

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 257 208 235 82 Q 4,556 4,470 4,077 4,346 2,669 Q 17.8

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 60 47 58 Q Q 820 820 741 804 Q Q 27.5

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 364 286 265 68 Q 3,747 3,737 3,121 3,384 1,231 Q 15.1

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 445 324 311 13 35 11,484 8,800 7,885 7,887 349 1,395 11.9

 Other .............................................. 69 48 44 43 Q 8 1,130 1,025 1,040 1,001 Q 298 18.8

 Vacant ............................................ 319 154 114 121 18 Q 4,396 2,738 2,382 2,391 507 Q 18.2

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 158 119 126 41 Q 1,721 1,637 1,307 1,457 495 Q 16.6

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 232 169 202 42 Q 3,608 3,329 2,759 3,126 1,334 Q 17.1

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 623 491 507 101 21 8,712 7,717 6,586 7,004 2,225 542 10.6

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 760 643 638 134 20 10,421 9,371 8,260 8,784 2,849 748 8.9

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 687 563 580 120 11 12,612 11,548 10,601 11,006 4,920 394 9.5

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 850 741 721 154 31 14,014 12,814 12,286 12,369 5,071 652 8.2

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 761 682 649 122 21 14,287 13,276 12,985 12,565 5,313 579 10.4

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 107 93 79 21 Q 2,502 2,303 2,258 2,167 859 Q 16.7

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 694 521 625 142 26 13,400 12,858 11,158 12,410 5,740 756 9.6

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 1,047 784 906 201 38 17,280 16,303 14,383 15,460 5,800 895 9.4

 South .............................................. 1,963 1,687 1,569 1,307 257 37 24,577 21,659 21,205 19,592 7,768 1,039 8.8

 West ............................................... 870 750 627 664 134 19 12,619 11,176 10,296 11,017 3,757 484 10.4

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 4,173 3,502 3,502 734 118 66,549 61,971 57,041 58,479 23,065 3,167 5.1

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 2,627 2,263 2,333 532 83 45,097 44,624 41,423 43,151 18,487 2,546 5.9

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 554 378 435 101 20 13,218 12,933 12,081 12,605 7,452 739 10.0

 District Heat .................................... 95 95 82 82 19 6 5,339 5,324 4,786 5,177 2,280 486 14.4

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 28 28 22 8 Q 2,066 2,063 2,066 1,978 920 Q 22.3

 Propane .......................................... 337 330 230 244 84 15 3,393 3,340 2,837 2,961 1,549 299 15.4

 Other .............................................. 163 161 71 96 13 Q 1,551 1,522 1,117 1,287 399 Q 22.5

See footnotes at end of table.

148 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A33. Energy End Uses, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Energy Used For:

All

Buildings

Energy Used For:

Space

Heating

CoolingWater

Heating

Cooking

Manufacturing

Space

Heating

CoolingWater

Heating

Cooking

Manufacturing

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.1 2.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.3 2.5

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 4,178 3,439 3,436 715 117 61,996 61,996 56,073 57,708 22,736 3,121 5.1

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 3,439 3,502 3,016 663 92 57,041 56,073 57,041 53,839 22,003 2,870 5.4

 Buildings with Water

 Heating .......................................... 3,502 3,436 3,016 3,502 728 102 58,479 57,708 53,839 58,479 22,993 2,976 5.3

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 715 663 728 734 13 23,065 22,736 22,003 22,993 23,065 528 7.8

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ............................... 121 117 92 102 13 121 3,174 3,121 2,870 2,976 528 3,174 15.1

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................. 399 344 229 298 65 19 5,623 5,218 4,267 4,956 1,754 315 17.4

 5,500 to 7,000 HDD ..................... 1,134 1,018 766 892 198 36 18,024 17,196 14,977 16,377 6,781 1,254 11.4

 4,000 to 5,499 HDD ..................... 1,077 959 753 815 181 23 16,162 14,966 13,549 14,359 5,847 490 15.1

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,101 955 838 770 158 20 15,251 13,537 12,870 12,791 4,695 468 16.4

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,095 903 915 726 133 23 12,816 11,079 11,379 9,996 3,989 647 14.5

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 2,154 1,623 1,609 260 42 17,944 13,604 10,719 11,207 2,678 334 10.5

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 861 781 777 155 20 7,524 7,075 6,249 6,432 1,326 256 7.7

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 540 502 512 126 23 8,077 7,528 6,954 7,089 1,719 384 9.1

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 401 384 384 105 27 10,556 10,440 9,990 10,215 3,419 916 8.3

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 128 118 126 43 6 7,763 7,652 7,313 7,644 3,424 395 10.6

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 64 63 62 26 3 7,378 7,323 7,195 7,278 3,998 561 12.4

 250 or More .................................... 31 30 31 31 18 1 8,633 8,374 8,621 8,613 6,502 328 11.6

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 725 513 507 116 Q 8,246 6,000 4,632 5,005 1,828 Q 11.1

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 1,186 1,007 979 89 46 14,998 13,745 12,558 12,613 3,010 891 7.6

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 920 786 764 83 34 14,046 13,251 12,218 12,405 3,118 920 7.5

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 603 528 518 149 19 12,062 11,529 11,158 11,308 5,195 418 8.4

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 436 405 435 218 7 8,467 8,141 7,742 8,020 4,750 403 10.6

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 307 262 300 78 6 10,057 9,329 8,733 9,128 5,163 410 13.4

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation .................................... 735 714 661 729 732 13 22,166 21,833 21,096 22,095 22,159 525 7.2

 Computer Room ............................. 223 222 223 211 53 16 14,199 14,170 14,199 13,947 7,328 810 10.1

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ..................................... 236 229 215 219 70 19 8,042 7,995 7,744 7,890 4,178 864 9.9

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ................... 203 194 164 202 80 8 6,862 6,829 6,546 6,857 4,813 421 10.8

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 149
Table A34. End-Use Combinations, Number of Buildings, 1992 

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Heated Buildings

with Air Conditioning and--

Heated Buildings

Without Air Conditioning and--

Buildings

Without

Heating,

Cooling,

Water Heating,

or Cooking

All Other

Combinations

RSE

Row

Factor

with

Water

Heating

and

Cooking

with

Water

Heating

but Not

Cooking

Without

Water

Heating

or

Cooking

with

Water

Heating

and

Cooking

with

Water

Heating

but Not

Cooking

Without

Water

Heating

or

Cooking

0.4 0.7 0.5 1.0 2.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 2.1

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 651 2,339 445 60 387 292 524 108 8.4

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 275 1,140 337 25 244 223 362 75 10.7

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 124 569 59 Q 77 43 82 Q 13.2

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 101 370 35 10 49 18 47 Q 16.3

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 60 161 12 9 8 Q 21 Q 19.2

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 41 58 Q Q 5 Q 4 Q 19.0

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 27 30 Q Q Q Q Q Q 18.9

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 15 9 Q Q Q Q 1 Q 25.1

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 6 2 Q Q Q Q Q Q 55.2

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 84 102 65 13 27 Q Q Q 17.7

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 36 70 Q Q Q Q Q Q 31.8

 Food Service ................................... 260 229 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 14.6

 Health Care ...................................... 63 6 50 Q Q Q Q Q Q 30.1

 Lodging ............................................ 154 32 86 Q Q 24 Q Q Q 25.7

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 84 677 167 Q 152 132 42 17 13.9

 Office ............................................... 749 28 661 37 Q Q Q Q Q 15.7

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 Q 11 Q Q Q Q 7 Q 51.2

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 67 122 Q Q 27 Q Q Q 19.0

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 Q 43 Q Q Q Q Q Q 39.0

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 58 157 69 Q 41 Q Q Q 21.2

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 10 235 56 Q 58 85 287 29 17.8

 Other ................................................ 69 Q 35 Q Q Q Q Q Q 35.7

 Vacant .............................................. 319 9 78 24 Q 18 16 157 Q 23.1

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 37 67 Q Q 18 Q Q Q 27.5

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 35 108 27 Q 53 Q 22 Q 22.4

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 76 332 76 19 73 44 91 Q 15.3

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 116 421 92 13 70 46 97 24 14.5

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 102 379 69 11 65 59 71 27 14.9

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 148 494 77 Q 64 64 105 26 15.2

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 116 483 71 Q 41 46 107 18 15.6

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 21 54 18 Q Q Q 20 Q 29.1

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 125 368 26 15 107 52 67 Q 16.4

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 177 560 45 22 139 104 147 Q 14.9

 South ............................................... 1,963 244 989 289 Q 50 112 221 58 13.5

 West ................................................. 870 105 422 85 22 91 24 89 32 19.7

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 651 2,339 445 60 387 288 338 108 8.4

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 477 1,549 215 41 241 101 Q 36 11.4

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 82 248 48 17 86 74 Q Q 19.7

 District Heat ..................................... 95 16 53 12 Q 10 Q Q Q 23.8

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 8 15 Q Q Q Q Q Q 41.1

 Propane ........................................... 337 71 118 39 Q 40 53 Q Q 24.5

 Other ................................................ 163 7 55 Q Q Q 59 Q Q 30.8

See footnotes at end of table.

150 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A34. End-Use Combinations, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Heated Buildings

with Air Conditioning and--

Heated Buildings

Without Air Conditioning and--

Buildings

Without

Heating,

Cooling,

Water Heating,

or Cooking

All Other

Combinations

RSE

Row

Factor

with

Water

Heating

and

Cooking

with

Water

Heating

but Not

Cooking

Without

Water

Heating

or

Cooking

with

Water

Heating

and

Cooking

with

Water

Heating

but Not

Cooking

Without

Water

Heating

or

Cooking

0.4 0.7 0.5 1.0 2.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 2.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 651 2,339 445 60 387 292 Q Q 8.3

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 651 2,339 445 Q Q Q Q 67 8.9

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 3,502 651 2,339 Q 60 387 Q Q 66 8.5

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 651 Q Q 60 Q Q Q 24 10.4

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 121 11 73 Q Q Q Q Q Q 34.6

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................... 399 54 162 Q Q 70 34 53 Q 25.5

 5,500 to 7,000 HDD ....................... 1,134 175 545 44 22 145 87 111 Q 18.2

 4,000 to 5,499 HDD ....................... 1,077 165 517 67 Q 105 94 98 Q 26.5

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 1,101 132 552 143 Q 54 55 125 23 26.4

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 1,095 123 563 179 Q Q 21 137 58 18.5

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 224 1,042 316 21 278 270 494 73 10.5

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 136 554 78 15 62 Q 19 Q 15.6

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 112 352 31 Q 30 Q Q Q 15.3

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 98 267 16 7 10 Q Q Q 17.3

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 38 76 Q Q Q Q Q Q 17.7

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 25 36 Q Q Q Q Q Q 17.9

 250 or More ..................................... 31 18 12 Q Q Q Q Q Q 18.8

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 90 283 123 20 103 103 290 26 13.9

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 74 781 141 11 101 79 75 16 14.4

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 75 587 104 Q 81 65 57 27 14.2

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 142 324 58 Q 39 32 35 Q 15.6

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 201 180 Q Q 29 Q 22 20 17.0

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 68 183 Q Q 32 Q 44 Q 19.6

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 151
Table A35. End-Use Combinations, Floorspace, 1992 

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Heated Buildings

with Air Conditioning and--

Heated Buildings

Without Air Conditioning and--

Buildings

Without

Heating,

Cooling,

Water Heating,

or Cooking

All Other

Combinations

RSE

Row

Factor

with

Water

Heating

and

Cooking

with

Water

Heating

but Not

Cooking

Without

Water

Heating

or

Cooking

with

Water

Heating

and

Cooking

with

Water

Heating

but Not

Cooking

Without

Water

Heating

or

Cooking

0.4 0.7 0.5 1.1 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.2 2.1

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 21,648 31,692 2,679 1,019 3,349 1,540 4,638 1,312 9.9

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 757 3,253 862 89 702 540 918 206 11.0

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 901 4,221 425 94 565 327 585 81 14.0

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 1,667 5,980 518 142 810 293 711 255 16.7

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 2,254 5,675 389 350 273 168 773 187 21.2

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 2,953 3,985 110 Q 350 81 323 137 22.9

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 3,902 4,024 136 Q 405 Q 937 Q 26.8

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 4,574 2,565 54 Q Q Q 347 Q 27.0

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 4,641 1,989 Q 1 Q Q 44 Q 16.8

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 5,124 1,893 357 537 392 Q Q Q 18.8

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 335 351 Q Q 28 Q Q 34 31.2

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 1,380 35 Q Q Q Q Q Q 29.7

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 1,281 446 Q Q Q Q Q Q 29.1

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 1,475 982 Q Q 267 Q Q Q 26.7

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 3,562 6,199 766 Q 763 531 221 Q 17.6

 Office .............................................. 12,319 3,622 8,284 195 Q 99 Q Q Q 17.9

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 Q 636 Q Q Q Q 459 Q 52.8

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 2,535 1,423 99 122 250 35 56 36 31.0

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 279 462 Q Q 56 Q Q Q 47.4

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 1,069 1,775 272 143 393 66 Q Q 26.0

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 341 6,781 528 Q 624 520 2,370 Q 19.7

 Other .............................................. 1,130 114 850 33 Q Q Q 57 Q 35.4

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 Q 1,574 199 42 250 208 1,468 Q 25.6

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 473 754 79 Q 208 101 Q Q 30.7

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 1,249 1,368 133 85 424 71 269 Q 28.8

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 1,898 4,179 480 311 566 278 923 77 21.9

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 2,511 5,218 420 310 653 245 902 162 18.5

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 4,618 5,306 513 233 604 253 778 307 20.6

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 4,806 6,668 407 Q 572 331 788 Q 16.5

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 5,256 6,944 519 Q 292 215 740 Q 19.5

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 837 1,255 127 Q Q 47 154 Q 27.3

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 5,395 5,515 239 339 1,118 252 493 49 20.3

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 5,530 8,569 274 262 1,032 634 909 Q 15.6

 South .............................................. 24,577 7,658 11,337 1,731 Q 395 487 2,442 510 16.0

 West ............................................... 12,619 3,064 6,271 435 401 804 167 794 682 19.3

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 21,648 31,692 2,679 1,019 3,349 1,515 3,336 1,312 10.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 17,427 22,412 1,207 754 2,161 625 Q Q 11.2

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 7,009 4,534 283 205 615 287 Q Q 18.3

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 2,055 2,600 110 204 303 Q Q Q 26.7

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 911 1,064 82 Q Q Q Q Q 37.5

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 1,353 1,216 226 153 190 197 Q Q 26.0

 Other .............................................. 1,551 344 746 Q Q 142 219 Q Q 35.7

See footnotes at end of table.

152 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A35. End-Use Combinations, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Heated Buildings

with Air Conditioning and--

Heated Buildings

Without Air Conditioning and--

Buildings

Without

Heating,

Cooling,

Water Heating,

or Cooking

All Other

Combinations

RSE

Row

Factor

with

Water

Heating

and

Cooking

with

Water

Heating

but Not

Cooking

Without

Water

Heating

or

Cooking

with

Water

Heating

and

Cooking

with

Water

Heating

but Not

Cooking

Without

Water

Heating

or

Cooking

0.4 0.7 0.5 1.1 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.2 2.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 21,648 31,692 2,679 1,019 3,349 1,540 Q 69 10.5

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 21,648 31,692 2,679 Q Q Q Q 1,023 10.2

 Buildings with Water

 Heating .......................................... 58,479 21,648 31,692 Q 1,019 3,349 Q Q 771 10.8

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 21,648 Q Q 1,019 Q Q Q Q 12.7

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ............................... 3,174 487 2,287 62 Q 146 106 Q Q 31.0

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................. 5,623 1,640 2,471 Q 111 686 153 358 Q 26.5

 5,500 to 7,000 HDD ..................... 18,024 6,292 8,383 293 489 1,191 548 804 24 18.4

 4,000 to 5,499 HDD ..................... 16,162 5,666 7,577 274 164 851 435 1,082 113 21.8

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 15,251 4,182 7,543 714 254 517 294 1,263 Q 25.2

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 12,816 3,867 5,718 1,244 Q 105 111 1,130 642 24.1

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 17,944 2,498 6,625 1,266 135 1,702 1,373 3,833 514 15.9

 5 to 9 .............................................. 7,524 1,116 4,408 618 181 661 91 Q 120 18.9

 10 to 19 .......................................... 8,077 1,531 4,870 441 160 467 Q Q 145 19.5

 20 to 49 .......................................... 10,556 3,145 6,485 264 251 267 Q Q 111 19.5

 50 to 99 .......................................... 7,763 3,215 3,980 39 192 200 Q Q Q 27.1

 100 to 249 ...................................... 7,378 3,872 3,233 Q Q Q Q Q Q 25.2

 250 or More .................................... 8,633 6,270 2,091 Q Q Q Q Q Q 22.3

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 8,246 1,603 2,283 521 207 820 556 1,970 286 17.0

 40 to 48 .......................................... 14,998 2,831 8,696 865 155 816 383 1,056 Q 16.5

 49 to 60 .......................................... 14,046 2,810 8,570 645 274 636 283 Q 282 16.6

 61 to 84 .......................................... 12,062 4,939 5,664 284 21 423 188 264 Q 20.5

 85 to 167 ........................................ 8,467 4,478 3,069 114 221 187 56 217 125 23.9

 Open Continuously ......................... 10,057 4,986 3,410 Q 142 467 75 585 143 27.9

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 153
Table A36. Space-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Space-Heating Energy Source Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat Propane Wood

0.5 0.5 0.8 0.7 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.1

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 4,178 1,513 2,405 479 94 255 102 7.5

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 2,247 779 1,211 259 18 185 68 10.4

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 883 327 524 117 11 39 25 11.2

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 585 225 376 49 28 19 Q 11.3

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 255 101 157 31 15 Q Q 13.3

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 110 40 73 12 9 Q Q 13.0

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 64 24 45 5 6 Q Q 14.8

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 24 10 15 5 5 Q Q 18.2

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 9 6 4 1 1 Q Q 35.6

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 295 104 182 25 20 Q Q 15.2

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 120 54 61 Q Q Q Q 26.1

 Food Service ................................. 260 249 73 162 Q Q Q Q 16.1

 Health Care .................................... 63 61 23 38 5 2 Q Q 28.4

 Lodging .......................................... 154 150 87 58 12 9 Q Q 21.3

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 1,214 370 719 183 9 95 48 11.2

 Office .............................................. 749 745 311 439 69 24 Q Q 11.8

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 17 6 Q Q Q Q Q 52.1

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 257 89 156 25 10 Q Q 15.4

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 60 19 36 Q Q Q Q 35.1

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 364 122 193 59 Q 48 Q 18.0

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 445 173 242 47 Q 38 Q 14.2

 Other .............................................. 69 48 24 21 Q 4 Q Q 29.5

 Vacant ............................................ 319 154 58 87 Q 2 Q Q 18.0

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 158 45 105 29 4 Q Q 24.5

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 232 44 162 51 10 Q Q 19.0

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 623 155 405 94 12 30 37 13.6

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 760 234 469 97 22 54 Q 12.2

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 687 236 419 75 22 34 Q 12.3

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 850 375 460 81 9 46 Q 12.0

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 761 376 342 49 11 61 Q 12.1

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 107 48 44 Q Q Q Q 30.2

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 694 162 341 264 23 45 Q 14.2

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 1,047 194 810 63 23 68 35 15.0

 South .............................................. 1,963 1,687 825 786 148 27 121 38 12.2

 West ............................................... 870 750 332 469 Q 20 Q Q 17.1

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 4,173 1,513 2,405 479 93 253 98 7.5

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 2,627 556 2,405 91 34 Q 21 9.6

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 554 134 98 479 11 25 Q 15.4

 District Heat .................................... 95 95 17 6 3 94 Q Q 22.3

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 28 5 3 Q 24 Q Q 31.5

 Propane .......................................... 337 330 95 19 50 Q 255 Q 21.3

 Any Other ....................................... 163 161 48 37 26 Q Q 102 20.5

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 4,178 1,513 2,405 479 94 255 102 7.5

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 3,439 1,364 2,043 312 80 169 28 8.0

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 3,436 1,269 2,088 364 80 164 48 7.9

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 715 272 444 83 18 32 Q 11.2

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 117 46 77 12 5 Q Q 25.4

See footnotes at end of table.

154 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A36. Space-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Space-Heating Energy Source Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat Propane Wood

0.5 0.5 0.8 0.7 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.1

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ............... 399 344 68 216 74 10 23 Q 24.7

 5,500-7,000 HDD ...................... 1,134 1,018 221 725 160 28 50 Q 18.3

 4,000-5,499 HDD ...................... 1,077 959 341 440 187 27 81 39 23.2

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............. 1,101 955 394 559 Q 13 78 Q 23.7

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............. 1,095 903 490 465 17 15 23 Q 21.6

Predominant Exterior Wall

Materials

 Masonry ......................................... 3,115 2,850 998 1,755 319 75 103 39 8.4

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 764 635 235 292 103 Q 80 Q 14.2

 Metal Panels .................................. 745 533 207 274 43 6 68 Q 15.3

 Concrete Panels ............................. 87 76 41 38 Q 7 Q Q 22.1

 Window Glass ................................ 46 41 19 22 Q 1 Q Q 33.6

 Other .............................................. 47 42 13 24 Q Q Q Q 44.2

Predominant Roof Materials

 Built-Up .......................................... 1,642 1,489 566 931 139 39 27 Q 9.2

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 1,381 1,246 429 697 173 10 107 34 11.4

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 1,037 763 292 376 77 10 101 39 13.6

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 386 368 111 243 51 14 Q Q 13.8

 Slate or Tile .................................... 155 140 49 69 22 13 Q Q 21.3

 Concrete ......................................... 37 22 10 12 Q Q Q Q 42.0

 Other .............................................. 167 150 55 78 Q Q Q Q 25.6

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 3,597 1,304 2,044 409 75 239 97 8.0

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 464 157 298 54 15 Q Q 11.4

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 89 40 53 12 3 Q Q 24.9

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 27 13 10 Q 1 Q Q 35.1

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 2,154 728 1,159 273 22 180 83 10.3

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 861 318 511 88 14 48 Q 11.0

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 540 212 335 56 21 16 Q 12.7

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 401 161 264 34 16 Q Q 11.7

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 128 53 76 15 10 Q Q 14.8

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 64 27 43 7 4 Q Q 15.0

 250 or More .................................... 31 30 15 16 5 7 Q Q 16.8

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 725 214 376 112 10 87 Q 14.6

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 1,186 447 706 123 34 45 32 10.7

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 920 318 551 116 16 58 Q 11.0

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 603 201 369 69 9 30 Q 10.1

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 436 172 255 34 7 Q Q 15.5

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 307 161 148 24 19 Q Q 14.6

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ........................................ 1,107 1,107 1,107 100 23 Q Q Q 14.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,276 2,276 271 2,276 48 2 Q Q 12.4

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 394 394 66 18 394 Q Q Q 21.0

 District Heat .................................... 91 91 16 3 Q 91 Q Q 22.8

 Propane .......................................... 217 217 31 Q Q Q 217 Q 25.8

 Wood .............................................. 68 68 Q Q Q Q Q 68 27.2

 Any Other ....................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 155
Table A36. Space-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Space-Heating Energy Source Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat Propane Wood

0.5 0.5 0.8 0.7 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.1

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 3,404 3,342 1,354 1,966 311 65 168 28 8.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 106 106 20 104 Q Q Q Q 19.3

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 28 5 3 Q 24 Q Q 31.5

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 1,696 1,660 902 689 197 29 106 31 9.1

 Natural Gas .................................... 1,647 1,621 363 1,442 51 18 Q Q 11.9

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 126 124 14 11 118 Q Q Q 30.2

 District Heat .................................... 38 38 3 4 Q 37 Q Q 27.0

 Propane .......................................... 80 76 20 Q Q Q 55 Q 32.9

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 356 344 174 168 50 10 16 Q 14.9

 Natural Gas .................................... 431 425 112 356 25 11 Q Q 14.5

 Propane .......................................... 70 66 32 Q 28 Q Q Q 28.0

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 25 Q Q Q Q Q Q 26.8

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 688 283 353 73 4 51 36 13.3

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 618 224 392 70 9 34 Q 12.6

 100 ................................................. 2,846 2,846 999 1,654 330 80 163 49 8.4

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 449 449 444 98 17 8 18 Q 17.5

 Furnaces ........................................ 1,692 1,692 403 1,218 251 Q 108 Q 9.2

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 1,464 668 819 151 14 162 81 10.6

 District Heat .................................... 93 93 16 5 3 93 Q Q 22.3

 Boilers ............................................ 624 624 116 419 199 Q 16 Q 10.8

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 870 870 407 535 13 2 Q Q 16.9

 Other .............................................. 42 42 19 22 Q Q Q Q 43.3

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ............... 473 473 73 273 158 47 Q Q 11.6

 Ducts for Heating ........................... 2,955 2,955 1,139 1,806 297 50 138 23 8.1

 Heating Only ............................. 577 577 95 360 173 5 41 Q 14.2

 Heating and Cooling .................. 2,378 2,378 1,044 1,446 125 45 98 Q 8.0

 Variable Air-Volume

 System ...................................... 210 210 78 144 17 13 Q Q 14.6

 Fan Coil Units for Heating .............. 99 99 30 61 21 16 Q Q 18.1

 Heating Only ............................. 78 78 27 48 16 11 Q Q 21.4

 Heating and Cooling .................. 21 21 2 13 5 5 Q Q 31.3

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 1,464 668 819 151 14 162 81 10.6

 Other .............................................. 181 181 53 100 30 Q Q Q 19.4

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

156 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A37. Space-Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Space-Heating Energy Source Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat Propane Wood

0.5 0.6 0.9 0.7 1.2 1.4 1.8 1.8

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 61,996 25,636 38,524 7,334 5,242 1,568 504 7.6

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 6,210 2,162 3,414 748 56 479 173 10.6

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 6,533 2,427 3,893 872 73 287 182 11.1

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 9,424 3,648 6,130 770 443 270 Q 11.1

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 9,132 3,599 5,648 1,100 516 Q Q 13.3

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 7,622 2,825 5,033 904 638 Q Q 12.7

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 8,730 3,260 6,212 760 780 Q Q 14.3

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 7,470 3,198 4,544 1,414 1,521 Q Q 18.3

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 6,876 4,517 3,650 765 1,215 Q Q 29.3

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 8,379 2,159 5,957 1,548 641 Q Q 13.7

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 723 285 448 Q Q Q Q 28.7

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 1,435 407 855 Q Q Q Q 18.9

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 1,746 667 1,236 584 403 Q Q 19.0

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 2,870 1,516 1,298 272 580 Q Q 23.6

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 11,835 5,122 8,301 1,128 148 530 196 15.0

 Office .............................................. 12,319 12,255 5,445 6,528 1,345 1,706 Q Q 12.0

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 1,165 730 Q Q Q Q Q 50.4

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 4,470 2,267 2,271 519 348 Q Q 31.1

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 820 184 480 Q Q Q Q 36.8

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 3,737 1,361 2,672 527 Q 154 Q 19.6

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 8,800 4,304 5,920 683 Q 297 Q 16.8

 Other .............................................. 1,130 1,025 267 633 Q 326 Q Q 26.7

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 2,738 924 1,594 Q 410 Q Q 26.8

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 1,637 419 1,161 283 91 Q Q 24.0

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 3,329 846 2,345 744 269 Q Q 25.7

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 7,717 2,197 4,964 1,322 1,128 151 199 18.0

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 9,371 3,116 6,509 1,201 545 219 Q 13.3

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 11,548 3,880 7,875 1,505 1,363 273 Q 16.2

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 12,814 6,191 7,673 1,495 972 351 Q 12.0

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 13,276 7,958 6,671 660 673 451 Q 15.8

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 2,303 1,030 1,325 124 202 Q Q 21.2

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 12,858 4,505 6,871 4,228 1,556 329 Q 14.5

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 16,303 4,673 12,305 1,226 1,869 355 140 13.7

 South .............................................. 24,577 21,659 11,185 11,604 1,628 941 791 168 12.5

 West ............................................... 12,619 11,176 5,273 7,744 Q 875 Q Q 12.5

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 61,971 25,636 38,524 7,334 5,228 1,561 494 7.6

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 44,624 13,927 38,524 3,883 2,724 Q 167 8.9

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 12,933 4,872 5,966 7,334 1,241 237 Q 11.6

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 5,324 985 627 447 5,242 Q Q 19.4

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 2,063 476 338 Q 1,702 Q Q 27.5

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 3,340 1,550 742 935 Q 1,568 Q 18.6

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 1,522 753 649 178 Q Q 504 27.8

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 61,996 25,636 38,524 7,334 5,242 1,568 504 7.7

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 56,073 24,123 35,315 6,307 4,711 1,201 196 8.4

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 57,708 23,996 36,677 6,796 5,081 1,146 308 8.0

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 22,736 10,147 14,625 3,484 2,198 316 Q 12.0

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 3,121 1,178 2,214 505 415 Q Q 25.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 157
Table A37. Space-Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Space-Heating Energy Source Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat Propane Wood

0.5 0.6 0.9 0.7 1.2 1.4 1.8 1.8

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ............... 5,623 5,218 1,268 3,360 1,284 513 277 Q 23.1

 5,500-7,000 HDD ...................... 18,024 17,196 5,460 12,269 2,322 1,903 273 Q 14.9

 4,000-5,499 HDD ...................... 16,162 14,966 6,098 8,539 2,827 1,706 428 139 15.8

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............. 15,251 13,537 5,940 9,380 738 560 378 Q 24.1

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............. 12,816 11,079 6,871 4,975 164 560 212 Q 21.7

Predominant Exterior Wall

Materials

 Masonry ......................................... 48,585 45,520 18,048 29,089 5,837 3,687 674 274 8.9

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 3,873 3,303 1,366 1,775 534 Q 332 Q 14.7

 Metal Panels .................................. 7,392 5,682 2,703 3,238 481 331 516 Q 18.2

 Concrete Panels ............................. 4,961 4,663 2,212 2,969 Q 699 Q Q 24.8

 Window Glass ................................ 2,028 1,839 979 825 Q Q Q Q 26.2

 Other .............................................. 1,037 988 328 628 Q Q Q Q 40.3

Predominant Roof Materials

 Built-Up .......................................... 30,257 28,271 12,420 17,907 2,834 2,346 236 Q 10.9

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 10,570 9,764 3,227 5,906 1,422 459 393 202 13.9

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 9,019 7,121 3,116 4,108 509 306 708 148 14.9

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 11,702 11,541 4,365 7,778 1,924 1,470 Q Q 13.9

 Slate or Tile .................................... 1,998 1,863 546 1,027 300 400 Q Q 24.7

 Concrete ......................................... 2,544 1,741 1,157 808 Q Q Q Q 46.2

 Other .............................................. 1,786 1,695 805 989 Q Q Q Q 25.6

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 51,356 45,868 18,426 28,689 5,262 3,058 1,436 474 8.7

 26 to 50 .......................................... 11,815 11,493 5,047 7,455 1,621 1,352 Q Q 12.7

 51 to 75 .......................................... 3,206 3,185 1,580 1,867 269 473 Q Q 19.4

 76 to 100 ........................................ 1,499 1,450 583 513 Q Q Q Q 30.1

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 17,944 13,604 5,498 7,098 1,549 410 697 328 15.9

 5 to 9 .............................................. 7,524 7,075 2,930 4,117 706 314 365 Q 13.3

 10 to 19 .......................................... 8,077 7,528 2,907 4,826 696 487 178 Q 13.8

 20 to 49 .......................................... 10,556 10,440 3,833 7,502 741 503 Q Q 11.8

 50 to 99 .......................................... 7,763 7,652 3,017 5,274 826 785 Q Q 16.5

 100 to 249 ...................................... 7,378 7,323 3,188 5,101 1,106 674 Q Q 18.9

 250 or More .................................... 8,633 8,374 4,263 4,607 1,710 2,070 Q Q 16.8

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 8,246 6,000 1,641 3,482 1,069 347 341 Q 16.3

 40 to 48 .......................................... 14,998 13,745 5,464 8,680 1,492 792 217 133 11.4

 49 to 60 .......................................... 14,046 13,251 5,180 8,626 1,310 1,051 460 Q 11.4

 61 to 84 .......................................... 12,062 11,529 5,114 7,746 893 695 259 Q 14.6

 85 to 167 ........................................ 8,467 8,141 3,476 5,509 1,162 504 Q Q 18.7

 Open Continuously ......................... 10,057 9,329 4,761 4,481 1,409 1,853 Q Q 19.7

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ........................................ 15,502 15,502 15,502 2,202 330 Q Q Q 18.0

 Natural Gas .................................... 35,161 35,161 7,660 35,161 2,225 Q Q Q 9.8

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 4,415 4,415 839 450 4,415 Q Q Q 20.7

 District Heat .................................... 5,014 5,014 895 393 Q 5,014 Q Q 20.2

 Propane .......................................... 1,101 1,101 279 Q Q Q 1,101 Q 25.2

 Wood .............................................. 257 257 Q Q Q Q Q 257 22.5

 Any Other ....................................... 546 546 Q Q Q Q Q Q 82.1

See footnotes at end of table.

158 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A37. Space-Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Space-Heating Energy Source Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat Propane Wood

0.5 0.6 0.9 0.7 1.2 1.4 1.8 1.8

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 54,628 53,663 23,798 34,303 5,981 3,409 1,171 196 8.4

 Natural Gas .................................... 1,906 1,906 430 1,816 Q Q Q Q 25.2

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 2,063 476 338 Q 1,702 Q Q 27.5

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 25,482 24,878 15,574 11,961 2,363 1,070 739 159 11.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 29,962 29,802 8,643 26,322 2,581 1,109 Q Q 10.6

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 2,470 2,464 471 462 2,402 Q Q Q 28.2

 District Heat .................................... 3,308 3,308 581 432 Q 3,240 Q Q 22.1

 Propane .......................................... 659 648 255 Q Q Q 346 Q 32.5

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 12,183 12,124 6,707 6,711 1,668 1,336 223 Q 16.9

 Natural Gas .................................... 15,233 14,987 5,687 11,888 2,007 1,199 Q Q 13.1

 Propane .......................................... 1,039 1,000 598 Q 478 Q Q Q 33.8

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 6,211 330 Q Q Q Q Q Q 34.3

 1 to 50 ............................................ 11,195 11,195 5,932 6,524 702 385 393 211 17.2

 51 to 99 .......................................... 10,211 10,211 4,569 6,596 1,444 815 285 Q 13.8

 100 ................................................. 40,260 40,260 14,983 25,235 5,148 4,024 858 188 9.2

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 8,269 8,269 8,243 3,651 602 443 242 Q 15.2

 Furnaces ........................................ 16,909 16,909 6,018 13,797 1,746 Q 534 Q 10.5

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 22,380 22,380 12,980 13,980 2,099 1,139 984 380 9.9

 District Heat .................................... 5,225 5,225 970 553 413 5,225 Q Q 19.8

 Boilers ............................................ 20,664 20,664 6,583 15,967 5,260 Q 219 Q 12.3

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 16,000 16,000 8,375 11,524 627 279 Q Q 13.3

 Other .............................................. 903 903 491 549 Q Q Q Q 33.0

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ............... 13,263 13,263 2,909 8,313 3,702 2,695 Q Q 11.4

 Ducts for Heating ........................... 45,422 45,422 20,063 30,075 4,629 3,141 1,001 151 8.9

 Heating Only ............................. 5,950 5,950 1,969 4,421 1,177 207 211 Q 20.0

 Heating and Cooling .................. 39,472 39,472 18,094 25,654 3,453 2,935 790 Q 8.8

 Variable Air-Volume

 System ...................................... 11,528 11,528 5,519 7,440 1,480 1,721 Q Q 18.4

 Fan Coil Units for Heating .............. 5,474 5,474 1,874 3,677 1,243 1,444 Q Q 16.8

 Heating Only ............................. 3,569 3,569 1,480 2,475 667 693 Q Q 22.3

 Heating and Cooling .................. 1,906 1,906 393 1,203 576 751 Q Q 22.0

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 22,380 22,380 12,980 13,980 2,099 1,139 984 380 9.9

 Other .............................................. 3,310 3,310 1,434 2,511 413 245 Q Q 23.6

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 159
Table A38. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources Used

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Wood

0.5 0.5 0.8 0.6 1.4 1.5 1.8 2.2

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 4,178 1,107 2,276 394 91 217 68 8.2

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 2,247 618 1,157 220 18 168 52 11.0

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 883 231 492 106 11 31 Q 11.7

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 585 148 354 34 27 Q Q 11.9

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 255 62 150 22 15 Q Q 14.3

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 110 26 65 8 9 Q Q 14.7

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 64 13 39 3 6 Q Q 17.3

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 24 5 14 1 4 Q Q 21.4

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 9 Q 3 Q 1 Q Q 39.2

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 295 79 170 20 20 Q Q 16.3

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 120 53 57 Q Q Q Q 27.1

 Food Service ................................. 260 249 53 159 Q Q Q Q 17.7

 Health Care .................................... 63 61 20 35 Q 2 Q Q 29.9

 Lodging .......................................... 154 150 77 49 Q 9 Q Q 22.0

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 1,214 245 681 154 8 75 38 12.2

 Office .............................................. 749 745 243 409 61 23 Q Q 12.1

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 17 6 Q Q Q Q Q 53.9

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 257 59 144 21 10 Q Q 17.0

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 60 Q 36 Q Q Q Q 36.3

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 364 74 189 51 Q 44 Q 19.2

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 445 120 232 32 Q 32 Q 15.2

 Other .............................................. 69 48 17 19 Q 4 Q Q 33.3

 Vacant ............................................ 319 154 49 86 Q 2 Q Q 19.0

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 158 26 97 25 4 Q Q 26.4

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 232 18 157 41 10 Q Q 21.1

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 623 82 391 81 12 Q Q 14.2

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 760 150 445 88 22 46 Q 13.4

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 687 167 396 58 22 30 Q 12.8

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 850 301 427 57 8 43 Q 12.9

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 761 322 321 42 11 46 Q 12.8

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 107 41 43 Q Q Q Q 31.2

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 694 68 322 235 22 31 Q 15.5

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 1,047 124 776 41 23 60 Q 16.9

 South .............................................. 1,963 1,687 655 737 115 27 107 32 13.2

 West ............................................... 870 750 260 440 Q 20 Q Q 18.4

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 4,173 1,107 2,276 394 91 217 64 8.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 2,627 270 2,276 37 32 Q Q 10.3

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 554 51 75 394 11 Q Q 17.1

 District Heat .................................... 95 95 Q 3 Q 91 Q Q 22.1

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 28 2 Q Q 23 Q Q 31.6

 Propane .......................................... 337 330 52 17 38 Q 217 Q 24.0

 Any Other ....................................... 163 161 Q 24 Q Q Q 68 22.0

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 4,178 1,107 2,276 394 91 217 68 8.2

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 3,439 1,005 1,933 247 78 144 Q 8.3

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 3,436 921 1,972 292 78 131 Q 8.4

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 715 192 410 65 17 25 Q 12.2

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 117 28 69 9 5 Q Q 28.4

See footnotes at end of table.

160 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A38. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources Used

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Wood

0.5 0.5 0.8 0.6 1.4 1.5 1.8 2.2

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ............... 399 344 35 206 64 10 Q Q 26.7

 5,500-7,000 HDD ...................... 1,134 1,018 104 697 129 27 39 Q 19.9

 4,000-5,499 HDD ...................... 1,077 959 238 414 167 26 67 Q 25.3

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............. 1,101 955 304 524 Q 13 75 Q 24.1

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............. 1,095 903 426 434 Q 15 Q Q 20.6

Predominant Exterior Wall

Materials

 Masonry ......................................... 3,115 2,850 721 1,667 263 74 87 Q 8.6

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 764 635 172 273 90 Q 68 Q 14.4

 Metal Panels .................................. 745 533 155 258 29 6 59 Q 17.0

 Concrete Panels ............................. 87 76 35 34 Q 6 Q Q 24.4

 Window Glass ................................ 46 41 16 19 Q 1 Q Q 36.0

 Other .............................................. 47 42 8 24 Q Q Q Q 44.8

Predominant Roof Materials

 Built-Up .......................................... 1,642 1,489 427 873 109 39 22 Q 10.4

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 1,381 1,246 304 662 155 10 89 Q 11.8

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 1,037 763 215 358 57 10 89 Q 15.4

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 386 368 64 232 43 13 Q Q 15.5

 Slate or Tile .................................... 155 140 39 65 19 13 Q Q 22.2

 Concrete ......................................... 37 22 8 11 Q Q Q Q 43.8

 Other .............................................. 167 150 50 75 Q Q Q Q 26.5

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 3,597 957 1,937 338 73 204 65 8.7

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 464 110 282 42 14 Q Q 12.5

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 89 27 48 10 Q Q Q 26.3

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 27 12 9 Q 1 Q Q 36.9

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 2,154 557 1,111 231 22 158 59 11.1

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 861 233 489 74 14 44 Q 11.6

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 540 152 309 44 21 Q Q 12.8

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 401 105 246 28 16 Q Q 12.7

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 128 36 67 11 9 Q Q 16.5

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 64 17 39 4 4 Q Q 17.6

 250 or More .................................... 31 30 8 14 2 6 Q Q 20.7

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 725 144 366 103 10 81 Q 15.1

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 1,186 318 668 103 33 35 Q 11.8

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 920 233 514 88 15 44 Q 12.0

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 603 149 348 60 8 28 Q 10.9

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 436 128 245 29 7 Q Q 16.6

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 307 134 134 12 18 Q Q 16.8

Replacement Energy Source for

Primary Heating

 Electricity Only ............................... 350 350 Q 280 Q Q 33 Q 17.3

 Natural Gas Only ............................ 213 213 125 Q 47 6 Q Q 19.7

 Fuel Oil Only .................................. 161 161 25 108 Q 6 Q Q 23.1

 Propane Only ................................. 212 212 43 121 37 Q Q Q 23.7

 Any Other Single Energy Source

 Source ............................................ 57 57 Q 25 Q Q Q Q 34.8

 More than One Energy Source ...... 93 93 Q 58 Q Q Q Q 34.8

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 25 Q Q Q Q Q Q 29.1

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 688 220 332 62 3 40 Q 15.3

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 618 160 361 53 9 26 Q 13.7

 100 ................................................. 2,846 2,846 720 1,576 276 79 146 Q 8.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 161
Table A38. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources Used

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Wood

0.5 0.5 0.8 0.6 1.4 1.5 1.8 2.2

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 449 449 362 60 10 7 Q Q 19.4

 Furnaces ........................................ 1,692 1,692 205 1,162 209 Q 92 Q 9.9

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 1,464 384 753 114 14 134 53 11.3

 District Heat .................................... 93 93 Q 2 Q 91 Q Q 22.4

 Boilers ............................................ 624 624 33 393 170 Q Q Q 12.5

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 870 870 331 507 Q 2 Q Q 16.4

 Other .............................................. 42 42 18 19 Q Q Q Q 46.4

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ............... 473 473 12 254 136 46 Q Q 14.5

 Ducts for Heating ........................... 2,955 2,955 831 1,707 241 49 111 Q 8.3

 Heating Only ............................. 577 577 33 340 157 5 29 Q 16.6

 Heating and Cooling .................. 2,378 2,378 798 1,367 84 44 82 Q 8.8

 Variable Air-Volume

 System ...................................... 210 210 49 136 8 13 Q Q 16.6

 Fan Coil Units for Heating .............. 99 99 13 56 14 16 Q Q 21.4

 Heating Only ............................. 78 78 12 44 11 11 Q Q 24.7

 Heating and Cooling .................. 21 21 Q 12 Q 5 Q Q 32.0

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 1,464 384 753 114 14 134 53 11.3

 Other .............................................. 181 181 34 93 27 Q Q Q 21.1

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

162 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A39. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources Used

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Wood

0.5 0.5 1.0 0.7 1.3 1.4 1.9 1.7

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 61,996 15,502 35,161 4,415 5,014 1,101 257 8.7

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 6,210 1,684 3,256 629 56 427 126 11.2

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 6,533 1,719 3,648 779 73 232 Q 11.3

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 9,424 2,411 5,763 519 433 Q Q 11.2

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 9,132 2,245 5,377 791 494 Q Q 14.1

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 7,622 1,788 4,547 569 571 Q Q 14.0

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 8,730 1,803 5,420 472 780 Q Q 16.2

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 7,470 1,428 4,225 387 1,430 Q Q 21.2

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 6,876 2,424 2,925 Q 1,177 Q Q 34.7

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 8,379 998 5,642 996 637 Q Q 13.8

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 723 282 401 Q Q Q Q 29.7

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 1,435 307 850 Q Q Q Q 20.8

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 1,746 198 1,030 Q 385 Q Q 22.9

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 2,870 1,125 1,004 Q 575 Q Q 23.1

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 11,835 2,858 7,272 833 141 364 144 15.5

 Office .............................................. 12,319 12,255 3,746 5,924 998 1,553 Q Q 13.2

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 1,165 706 Q Q Q Q Q 51.8

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 4,470 Q 2,028 Q 308 Q Q 29.7

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 820 Q 468 Q Q Q Q 45.4

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 3,737 602 2,612 324 Q 132 Q 20.0

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 8,800 2,121 5,612 366 Q 226 Q 17.2

 Other .............................................. 1,130 1,025 105 535 Q 326 Q Q 26.0

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 2,738 683 1,455 Q 410 Q Q 28.3

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 1,637 246 1,074 186 91 Q Q 26.6

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 3,329 250 2,292 474 264 Q Q 27.2

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 7,717 790 4,516 895 1,053 Q Q 18.5

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 9,371 1,493 6,115 996 537 171 Q 14.6

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 11,548 1,893 7,241 739 1,339 115 Q 15.4

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 12,814 3,800 7,032 711 911 273 Q 13.0

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 13,276 6,230 5,665 350 656 304 Q 17.2

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 2,303 800 1,225 Q 163 Q Q 20.3

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 12,858 1,768 6,049 3,202 1,467 158 Q 15.6

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 16,303 2,169 11,468 427 1,846 287 Q 14.3

 South .............................................. 24,577 21,659 8,529 10,660 738 903 571 122 13.7

 West ............................................... 12,619 11,176 3,036 6,984 Q 798 Q Q 13.8

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 61,971 15,502 35,161 4,415 4,999 1,101 246 8.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 44,624 5,272 35,161 1,271 2,547 Q Q 9.0

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 12,933 2,482 4,695 4,415 1,097 Q Q 12.3

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 5,324 Q 233 Q 5,014 Q Q 22.1

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 2,063 136 Q Q 1,590 Q Q 26.1

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 3,340 791 675 664 Q 1,101 Q 22.2

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 1,522 Q 302 Q Q Q 257 27.5

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 61,996 15,502 35,161 4,415 5,014 1,101 257 8.8

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 56,073 14,511 32,138 3,539 4,484 816 Q 9.0

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 57,708 14,200 33,406 3,911 4,856 702 Q 8.8

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 22,736 5,738 12,913 1,704 2,040 166 Q 13.5

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 3,121 425 2,002 198 415 Q Q 26.4

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 163
Table A39. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources Used

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Wood

0.5 0.5 1.0 0.7 1.3 1.4 1.9 1.7

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ............... 5,623 5,218 641 3,010 862 496 Q Q 25.7

 5,500-7,000 HDD ...................... 18,024 17,196 2,305 11,371 1,360 1,842 184 Q 16.5

 4,000-5,499 HDD ...................... 16,162 14,966 2,955 7,599 1,984 1,572 319 Q 17.4

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............. 15,251 13,537 3,656 8,790 Q 550 Q Q 21.5

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............. 12,816 11,079 5,945 4,391 Q 554 Q Q 20.8

Predominant Exterior Wall

Materials

 Masonry ......................................... 48,585 45,520 10,902 26,557 3,505 3,509 431 Q 9.8

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 3,873 3,303 822 1,588 475 Q 283 Q 15.0

 Metal Panels .................................. 7,392 5,682 1,657 2,930 271 330 374 Q 17.7

 Concrete Panels ............................. 4,961 4,663 1,219 2,749 Q 669 Q Q 24.3

 Window Glass ................................ 2,028 1,839 636 749 Q Q Q Q 27.8

 Other .............................................. 1,037 988 266 589 Q Q Q Q 43.2

Predominant Roof Materials

 Built-Up .......................................... 30,257 28,271 7,599 16,326 1,396 2,307 170 Q 12.3

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 10,570 9,764 2,100 5,601 1,181 453 305 Q 14.7

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 9,019 7,121 2,169 3,618 352 305 535 Q 15.6

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 11,702 11,541 1,837 7,176 1,143 1,290 Q Q 15.0

 Slate or Tile .................................... 1,998 1,863 271 999 175 400 Q Q 25.2

 Concrete ......................................... 2,544 1,741 931 Q Q Q Q Q 44.8

 Other .............................................. 1,786 1,695 595 906 Q Q Q Q 26.3

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 51,356 45,868 11,594 26,374 3,239 2,893 1,045 232 10.1

 26 to 50 .......................................... 11,815 11,493 2,513 6,695 853 1,309 Q Q 13.5

 51 to 75 .......................................... 3,206 3,185 837 1,673 202 462 Q Q 20.6

 76 to 100 ........................................ 1,499 1,450 558 419 Q Q Q Q 32.1

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 17,944 13,604 4,410 6,727 1,227 409 562 193 17.6

 5 to 9 .............................................. 7,524 7,075 1,869 3,950 552 313 344 Q 14.0

 10 to 19 .......................................... 8,077 7,528 1,920 4,504 425 478 Q Q 13.3

 20 to 49 .......................................... 10,556 10,440 2,151 7,024 603 503 Q Q 12.2

 50 to 99 .......................................... 7,763 7,652 1,569 4,514 528 719 Q Q 18.1

 100 to 249 ...................................... 7,378 7,323 1,471 4,742 438 672 Q Q 19.9

 250 or More .................................... 8,633 8,374 2,113 3,700 642 1,919 Q Q 19.6

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 8,246 6,000 1,006 3,373 895 347 298 Q 17.2

 40 to 48 .......................................... 14,998 13,745 3,426 8,127 1,112 781 151 Q 11.8

 49 to 60 .......................................... 14,046 13,251 3,002 8,088 729 952 302 Q 11.6

 61 to 84 .......................................... 12,062 11,529 3,065 6,718 628 683 197 Q 15.4

 85 to 167 ........................................ 8,467 8,141 1,649 5,039 737 451 Q Q 18.6

 Open Continuously ......................... 10,057 9,329 3,354 3,816 314 1,800 Q Q 22.7

Replacement Energy Source for

Primary Heating

 Electricity Only ............................... 2,559 2,559 Q 2,099 Q Q 209 Q 18.1

 Natural Gas Only ............................ 2,260 2,260 952 Q 702 Q Q Q 20.9

 Fuel Oil Only .................................. 5,451 5,451 193 4,599 Q 524 Q Q 23.1

 Propane Only ................................. 2,174 2,174 259 1,477 257 Q Q Q 21.6

 Any Other Single Energy Source

 Source ............................................ 477 477 Q 231 Q Q Q Q 52.9

 More than One Energy Source ...... 895 895 Q 581 Q Q Q Q 34.8

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 6,211 330 Q Q Q Q Q Q 36.8

 1 to 50 ............................................ 11,195 11,195 4,044 5,783 495 381 302 Q 18.5

 51 to 99 .......................................... 10,211 10,211 2,406 6,064 815 725 160 Q 14.9

 100 ................................................. 40,260 40,260 8,980 23,226 3,072 3,890 610 Q 9.9

See footnotes at end of table.

164 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A39. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources Used

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Wood

0.5 0.5 1.0 0.7 1.3 1.4 1.9 1.7

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 8,269 8,269 4,723 2,541 275 376 Q Q 16.6

 Furnaces ........................................ 16,909 16,909 2,201 12,649 1,292 Q 406 Q 10.3

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 22,380 22,380 6,528 12,523 1,266 1,074 679 188 11.0

 District Heat .................................... 5,225 5,225 Q Q Q 4,996 Q Q 15.8

 Boilers ............................................ 20,664 20,664 2,371 14,727 3,131 Q Q Q 15.3

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 16,000 16,000 4,591 10,609 Q 271 Q Q 12.2

 Other .............................................. 903 903 363 474 Q Q Q Q 36.1

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ............... 13,263 13,263 347 7,640 2,355 2,589 Q Q 13.7

 Ducts for Heating ........................... 45,422 45,422 11,596 27,302 2,539 3,042 637 Q 9.2

 Heating Only ............................. 5,950 5,950 627 3,877 1,041 206 125 Q 21.5

 Heating and Cooling .................. 39,472 39,472 10,969 23,425 1,497 2,837 512 Q 9.8

 Variable Air-Volume

 System ...................................... 11,528 11,528 2,973 6,500 365 1,659 Q Q 21.8

 Fan Coil Units for Heating .............. 5,474 5,474 345 3,385 420 1,311 Q Q 19.1

 Heating Only ............................. 3,569 3,569 301 2,307 264 683 Q Q 23.4

 Heating and Cooling .................. 1,906 1,906 Q 1,078 Q 628 Q Q 24.2

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 22,380 22,380 6,528 12,523 1,266 1,074 679 188 11.0

 Other .............................................. 3,310 3,310 572 2,235 218 216 Q Q 25.8

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 165
Table A40. Cooling Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 

 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

ElectricityNatural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

ElectricityNatural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

0.5 0.6 0.6 1.9 2.4 0.6 0.6 0.7 2.2 2.1

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 3,502 3,404 106 28 67,876 57,041 54,628 1,906 2,066 6.4

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 1,792 1,748 47 Q 7,327 4,994 4,853 146 Q 9.0

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 758 739 26 Q 7,199 5,601 5,452 194 Q 7.5

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 519 504 19 8 10,375 8,364 8,132 268 115 10.5

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 236 225 Q 9 10,069 8,435 8,043 Q 311 12.1

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 103 100 Q Q 8,062 7,185 6,970 Q Q 11.7

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 59 58 Q 2 9,678 8,072 7,898 Q 252 13.3

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 24 22 1 2 7,889 7,217 6,536 Q 737 17.4

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 9 9 Q 1 7,278 7,174 6,744 Q 515 30.9

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 251 238 10 9 8,470 7,389 6,912 487 253 14.2

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 119 119 Q Q 757 725 725 Q Q 24.7

 Food Service ................................. 260 244 237 Q Q 1,491 1,449 1,365 Q Q 14.8

 Health Care .................................... 63 59 53 Q Q 1,763 1,747 1,605 Q 227 21.0

 Lodging .......................................... 154 120 117 Q Q 2,891 2,493 2,310 Q Q 21.3

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 942 920 29 Q 12,402 10,874 10,669 286 Q 11.2

 Office .............................................. 749 731 704 26 8 12,319 12,198 11,576 285 659 10.2

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 12 12 Q Q 1,652 922 800 Q Q 53.3

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 208 202 Q Q 4,556 4,077 3,966 Q Q 23.4

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 47 46 Q Q 820 741 726 Q Q 36.5

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 286 285 Q Q 3,747 3,121 3,090 Q Q 19.3

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 324 318 Q Q 11,484 7,885 7,783 Q Q 14.3

 Other .............................................. 69 44 42 Q Q 1,130 1,040 915 Q Q 26.4

 Vacant ............................................ 319 114 111 Q Q 4,396 2,382 2,187 Q Q 21.4

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 119 118 Q Q 1,721 1,307 1,289 Q Q 22.6

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 169 164 Q Q 3,608 2,759 2,691 Q Q 22.6

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 491 481 Q Q 8,712 6,586 6,308 Q Q 14.2

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 643 625 17 7 10,421 8,260 7,934 327 241 12.4

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 563 548 20 5 12,612 10,601 10,231 428 376 12.5

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 741 721 23 5 14,014 12,286 11,375 423 632 11.5

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 682 662 21 Q 14,287 12,985 12,692 418 243 13.7

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 93 86 Q Q 2,502 2,258 2,109 Q 164 20.0

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 521 505 20 2 13,400 11,158 10,729 320 302 12.9

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 784 751 35 7 17,280 14,383 13,544 512 684 12.7

 South .............................................. 1,963 1,569 1,552 18 10 24,577 21,205 20,609 420 659 11.3

 West ............................................... 870 627 596 34 9 12,619 10,296 9,747 654 421 13.0

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 3,502 3,404 106 28 66,549 57,041 54,628 1,906 2,066 6.4

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 2,263 2,176 106 15 45,097 41,423 39,652 1,906 1,109 7.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 378 375 3 2 13,218 12,081 11,480 439 588 14.3

 District Heat .................................... 95 82 66 Q 24 5,339 4,786 3,484 Q 1,737 15.9

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 28 11 Q 28 2,066 2,066 842 Q 2,066 22.9

 Propane .......................................... 337 230 228 Q Q 3,393 2,837 2,789 Q Q 21.7

 Any Other ....................................... 163 71 70 Q Q 1,551 1,117 1,107 Q Q 31.3

See footnotes at end of table.

166 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A40. Cooling Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 

 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

ElectricityNatural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

ElectricityNatural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

0.5 0.6 0.6 1.9 2.4 0.6 0.6 0.7 2.2 2.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 3,439 3,342 106 28 61,996 56,073 53,663 1,906 2,063 6.5

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 3,502 3,404 106 28 57,041 57,041 54,628 1,906 2,066 6.5

 Buildings with Water

 Heating .......................................... 3,502 3,016 2,929 100 22 58,479 53,839 51,535 1,886 1,978 6.8

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 663 644 25 8 23,065 22,003 20,974 912 920 10.8

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ............................... 121 92 89 Q Q 3,174 2,870 2,808 Q Q 23.8

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................. 399 229 221 Q Q 5,623 4,267 3,970 Q Q 25.6

 5,500-7,000 HDD ......................... 1,134 766 731 43 5 18,024 14,977 14,369 545 574 14.3

 4,000-5,499 HDD ......................... 1,077 753 735 20 4 16,162 13,549 12,854 324 526 18.7

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,101 838 811 29 10 15,251 12,870 12,441 569 437 19.8

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,095 915 906 Q 9 12,816 11,379 10,994 Q 467 18.0

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ......................................... 3,115 2,491 2,418 76 25 48,585 42,084 40,311 1,232 1,630 7.2

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 764 473 462 Q Q 3,873 2,625 2,552 Q Q 13.0

 Metal Panels .................................. 745 394 384 Q Q 7,392 4,854 4,727 Q Q 14.5

 Concrete Panels ............................. 87 71 68 Q 2 4,961 4,563 4,237 Q 221 19.4

 Window Glass ................................ 46 38 38 Q Q 2,028 1,978 1,893 Q Q 28.4

 Other .............................................. 47 35 35 Q Q 1,037 938 908 Q Q 38.0

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up .......................................... 1,642 1,319 1,290 39 11 30,257 26,404 25,503 910 969 8.5

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 1,381 1,025 999 28 Q 10,570 8,606 8,420 293 Q 11.3

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 1,037 576 559 21 Q 9,019 6,077 5,886 171 Q 13.1

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 386 318 306 11 6 11,702 10,893 10,130 423 626 13.2

 Slate or Tile .................................... 155 113 107 Q Q 1,998 1,608 1,470 Q Q 21.4

 Concrete ......................................... 37 27 23 Q Q 2,544 1,909 1,727 Q Q 46.5

 Other .............................................. 167 124 122 Q Q 1,786 1,544 1,493 Q Q 23.0

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 2,987 2,904 91 21 51,356 41,691 39,873 1,403 1,317 7.2

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 410 401 10 6 11,815 10,873 10,449 361 503 12.7

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 80 77 Q Q 3,206 3,031 2,938 Q Q 19.7

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 25 23 Q Q 1,499 1,447 1,368 Q Q 32.1

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 1,623 1,591 34 Q 17,944 10,719 10,315 213 Q 13.4

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 781 753 30 Q 7,524 6,249 6,065 188 Q 8.9

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 502 487 Q 10 8,077 6,954 6,760 Q 193 11.8

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 384 373 17 5 10,556 9,990 9,758 330 191 11.4

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 118 112 Q 3 7,763 7,313 6,855 Q 327 15.4

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 63 60 Q 2 7,378 7,195 6,839 Q 192 15.3

 250 or More .................................... 31 31 29 1 3 8,633 8,621 8,035 197 868 14.0

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 167
Table A40. Cooling Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 

 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

ElectricityNatural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

ElectricityNatural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

0.5 0.6 0.6 1.9 2.4 0.6 0.6 0.7 2.2 2.1

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 513 505 Q Q 8,246 4,632 4,401 Q Q 14.1

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 1,007 978 34 8 14,998 12,558 12,148 303 312 9.6

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 786 764 20 4 14,046 12,218 11,675 359 357 11.0

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 528 514 20 4 12,062 11,158 10,906 496 178 11.7

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 405 388 19 Q 8,467 7,742 7,292 338 278 14.9

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 262 255 6 5 10,057 8,733 8,207 372 724 16.0

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ........................................ 1,107 1,005 1,000 Q 2 15,502 14,511 14,385 Q 136 13.1

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,276 1,933 1,859 98 Q 35,161 32,138 31,178 1,687 Q 7.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 394 247 246 Q Q 4,415 3,539 3,465 Q Q 21.3

 District Heat .................................... 91 78 63 Q 23 5,014 4,484 3,263 Q 1,590 16.6

 Propane .......................................... 217 144 142 Q Q 1,101 816 786 Q Q 32.2

 Wood .............................................. 68 Q Q Q Q 257 Q Q Q Q 35.2

 Any Other ....................................... Q Q Q Q Q 546 Q Q Q Q 74.9

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 1,696 1,479 1,455 32 8 25,482 23,657 23,275 517 342 10.3

 Natural Gas .................................... 1,647 1,436 1,376 71 8 29,962 27,766 26,681 1,391 494 9.4

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 126 88 88 Q Q 2,470 2,089 2,015 Q Q 28.3

 District Heat .................................... 38 30 22 Q 10 3,308 2,972 2,158 Q 1,108 21.2

 Propane .......................................... 80 57 57 Q Q 659 563 563 Q Q 37.3

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 356 326 317 9 4 12,183 11,792 11,353 244 546 16.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 431 392 374 23 6 15,233 14,533 13,760 844 478 11.7

 Propane .......................................... 70 61 60 Q Q 1,039 944 941 Q Q 32.9

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 Q Q Q Q 10,835 Q Q Q Q 11.3

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 1,176 1,154 31 Q 21,715 21,715 21,068 456 Q 8.9

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 658 643 17 6 13,872 13,872 13,370 380 702 11.6

 100 ................................................. 1,668 1,668 1,608 59 20 21,454 21,454 20,191 1,070 988 9.3

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................. 816 816 783 48 Q 9,021 9,021 8,761 465 Q 11.5

 Heat Pumps ................................... 454 454 449 8 Q 8,406 8,406 8,388 175 Q 15.0

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................. 1,023 1,023 1,015 16 2 17,979 17,979 17,734 420 225 13.4

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 28 11 Q 28 2,066 2,066 842 Q 2,066 22.9

 Central Chillers ............................... 142 142 137 8 Q 12,991 12,991 12,500 783 Q 15.4

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units .............................................. 1,459 1,459 1,419 52 3 27,830 27,830 26,928 1,047 628 9.7

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 179 179 178 Q Q 2,085 2,085 2,063 Q Q 32.7

 Other .............................................. 8 8 7 Q Q 268 268 255 Q Q 69.3

See footnotes at end of table.

168 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A40. Cooling Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 

 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

ElectricityNatural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

ElectricityNatural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

0.5 0.6 0.6 1.9 2.4 0.6 0.6 0.7 2.2 2.1

Cooling Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Ducts for Cooling ............................ 2,733 2,733 2,638 105 25 47,755 47,755 45,601 1,824 1,785 6.9

 Cooling Only ................................. 355 355 352 Q 5 8,283 8,283 7,949 Q 389 14.7

 Heating and Cooling ..................... 2,378 2,378 2,287 101 21 39,472 39,472 37,652 1,706 1,396 7.0

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used ............................... 221 221 200 16 12 12,430 12,430 11,589 605 904 14.3

 Fan Coil Units for Cooling .............. 56 56 52 Q 5 3,875 3,875 3,334 Q 767 20.5

 Cooling Only ................................. 35 35 34 Q Q 1,969 1,969 1,772 Q Q 36.7

 Heating and Cooling ..................... 21 21 18 Q 3 1,906 1,906 1,562 Q 459 23.0

 Individual Air

 Conditioners ................................... 1,023 1,023 1,015 16 2 17,979 17,979 17,734 420 225 13.4

 Other .............................................. 111 111 111 Q Q 2,919 2,919 2,757 Q Q 27.3

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 169
Table A41. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat Propane

0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 2.0 1.8 2.2

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 3,502 1,696 1,647 126 38 80 7.8

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 1,733 878 777 48 Q 50 10.8

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 787 390 348 43 Q Q 9.4

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 539 252 276 13 8 Q 11.9

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 240 99 129 12 8 Q 14.3

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 108 41 62 Q 6 Q 13.6

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 62 22 37 Q 5 Q 16.7

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 25 10 13 1 4 Q 17.8

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 9 5 3 Q 1 Q 37.1

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 230 96 126 10 6 Q 15.4

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 124 70 53 Q Q Q 26.0

 Food Service ................................. 260 259 72 165 Q Q Q 15.6

 Health Care .................................... 63 62 17 39 Q 2 Q 28.5

 Lodging .......................................... 154 152 44 91 Q 6 Q 20.5

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 923 476 402 46 Q Q 10.9

 Office .............................................. 749 705 372 304 28 10 Q 11.2

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 13 6 Q Q Q Q 55.4

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 235 101 114 Q 5 Q 16.4

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 58 19 33 Q Q Q 35.2

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 265 146 123 Q Q Q 17.2

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 311 182 124 Q Q Q 15.2

 Other .............................................. 69 43 25 17 Q Q Q 31.6

 Vacant ............................................ 319 121 71 50 Q Q Q 20.2

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 126 57 62 Q Q Q 25.4

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 202 83 107 18 4 Q 21.8

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 507 197 268 36 5 Q 14.1

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 638 266 340 18 7 Q 12.7

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 580 252 299 18 11 Q 12.9

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 721 393 306 21 6 Q 12.2

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 649 413 228 Q 4 Q 12.0

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 79 37 37 Q Q Q 28.9

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 625 249 258 113 9 19 13.1

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 906 369 525 Q 13 Q 15.3

 South .............................................. 1,963 1,307 811 476 10 9 23 13.3

 West ............................................... 870 664 267 387 Q 6 Q 18.0

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 3,502 1,696 1,647 126 38 80 7.8

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 2,333 729 1,647 21 13 Q 10.0

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 435 234 78 126 5 Q 16.0

 District Heat .................................... 95 82 30 18 Q 38 Q 20.5

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 22 8 8 Q 10 Q 33.2

 Propane .......................................... 337 244 146 10 13 Q 80 21.9

 Any Other ....................................... 163 96 58 26 Q Q Q 27.6

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 3,436 1,660 1,621 124 38 76 7.8

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 3,016 1,479 1,436 88 30 57 8.0

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 3,502 1,696 1,647 126 38 80 7.8

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 728 264 425 26 12 30 11.6

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 102 62 38 Q Q Q 27.0

See footnotes at end of table.

170 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A41. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat Propane

0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 2.0 1.8 2.2

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 1,609 825 700 52 5 45 11.9

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 777 371 366 33 6 Q 12.0

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 512 250 245 16 5 Q 14.0

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 384 156 224 12 9 Q 11.2

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 126 53 67 7 6 Q 15.7

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 62 30 30 3 2 Q 15.3

 250 or More .................................... 31 31 12 14 2 5 Q 18.2

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 507 258 227 17 Q Q 14.2

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 979 513 432 29 11 Q 11.5

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 764 380 354 38 7 Q 10.8

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 518 239 253 24 3 Q 10.8

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 435 190 221 11 5 Q 16.5

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 300 117 160 7 10 Q 15.7

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ........................................ 1,107 921 724 190 Q Q 15 12.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,276 1,972 633 1,386 Q Q Q 9.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 394 292 160 20 109 Q Q 20.8

 District Heat .................................... 91 78 28 18 Q 36 Q 21.2

 Propane .......................................... 217 131 84 Q Q Q 49 26.1

 Wood .............................................. 68 Q Q Q Q Q Q 44.8

 Any Other ....................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 356 353 182 153 13 8 Q 15.4

 Natural Gas .................................... 431 427 79 361 5 6 Q 14.8

 Propane .......................................... 70 70 33 Q 11 Q 27 23.4

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System ........................ 1,994 1,994 891 961 105 31 52 11.6

 Self-Heating Tank ........................ 1,799 1,799 851 869 56 15 48 14.0

 Heated by Space-Heating

 Equipment .................................... 103 103 17 42 37 7 Q 24.9

 Other ............................................ 106 106 30 55 15 12 Q 22.8

 Distributed System ......................... 1,557 1,557 822 719 21 7 31 13.0

 Residential-Type Storage

 Tank ............................................. 1,489 1,489 792 687 18 Q 31 12.6

 Point-of-Use ................................. 56 56 28 26 Q 1 Q 26.6

 Other ............................................ 24 24 7 15 Q 3 Q 29.3

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 171
Table A42. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat Propane

0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.8 1.5 2.3

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 58,479 25,482 29,962 2,470 3,308 659 8.2

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 4,928 2,483 2,248 151 Q 128 10.5

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 5,834 2,869 2,601 325 Q Q 9.1

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 8,724 4,121 4,528 194 137 Q 11.7

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 8,637 3,564 4,640 436 308 Q 14.8

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 7,489 2,837 4,332 Q 391 Q 13.3

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 8,492 2,900 5,209 Q 576 Q 15.9

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 7,466 2,974 3,718 316 1,151 Q 18.3

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 6,910 3,734 2,685 Q 713 Q 30.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 8,036 2,002 5,514 798 390 Q 14.3

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 739 387 374 Q Q Q 28.6

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 1,490 386 906 Q Q Q 20.5

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 1,760 227 1,150 Q 314 Q 22.0

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 2,869 398 1,938 Q 470 Q 22.5

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 10,809 5,503 5,607 285 Q Q 14.6

 Office .............................................. 12,319 12,030 5,790 4,824 613 1,258 Q 13.6

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 933 530 Q Q Q Q 55.5

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 4,346 Q 1,802 Q 216 Q 30.8

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 804 179 444 Q Q Q 39.6

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 3,384 1,637 1,935 Q Q Q 22.0

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 7,887 4,522 3,534 Q Q Q 17.4

 Other .............................................. 1,130 1,001 522 416 Q Q Q 27.5

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 2,391 1,236 1,222 Q Q Q 31.8

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 1,457 522 841 Q Q Q 26.5

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 3,126 1,182 1,933 351 175 Q 27.1

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 7,004 2,336 3,857 516 563 Q 18.6

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 8,784 3,220 5,129 359 376 Q 13.7

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 11,006 3,423 6,542 416 1,140 Q 15.7

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 12,369 5,946 5,733 458 664 Q 13.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 12,565 7,874 4,809 Q 267 Q 15.6

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 2,167 980 1,117 Q 67 Q 20.8

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 12,410 4,366 5,607 2,157 990 225 14.5

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 15,460 5,643 9,161 Q 1,287 Q 12.7

 South .............................................. 24,577 19,592 11,302 8,476 169 449 198 14.1

 West ............................................... 12,619 11,017 4,171 6,717 Q 582 Q 13.7

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 58,479 25,482 29,962 2,470 3,308 659 8.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 43,151 13,814 29,962 1,076 1,437 Q 8.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 12,605 5,329 5,179 2,470 784 Q 11.5

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 5,177 1,099 1,120 Q 3,308 Q 19.3

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 1,978 342 494 Q 1,108 Q 29.6

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 2,961 1,538 550 467 Q 659 19.4

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 1,287 456 582 Q Q Q 41.0

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 57,708 24,878 29,802 2,464 3,308 648 8.3

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 53,839 23,657 27,766 2,089 2,972 563 8.5

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 58,479 25,482 29,962 2,470 3,308 659 8.3

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 22,993 8,200 13,339 1,202 1,768 395 12.3

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 2,976 1,713 1,366 Q Q Q 24.2

See footnotes at end of table.

172 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A42. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Electricity

Natural

Gas Fuel Oil

District

Heat Propane

0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.8 1.5 2.3

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 17,944 11,207 6,032 4,748 273 86 199 18.7

 5 to 9 .............................................. 7,524 6,432 3,060 3,057 260 169 Q 14.2

 10 to 19 .......................................... 8,077 7,089 3,421 3,500 191 168 Q 15.7

 20 to 49 .......................................... 10,556 10,215 3,601 6,343 331 330 Q 12.6

 50 to 99 .......................................... 7,763 7,644 2,429 4,836 399 495 Q 17.0

 100 to 249 ...................................... 7,378 7,278 3,262 3,804 464 474 Q 18.8

 250 or More .................................... 8,633 8,613 3,677 3,674 551 1,586 Q 17.8

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 8,246 5,005 2,085 2,636 340 Q Q 16.8

 40 to 48 .......................................... 14,998 12,613 6,108 6,204 527 383 Q 11.4

 49 to 60 .......................................... 14,046 12,405 6,019 5,899 378 734 Q 11.6

 61 to 84 .......................................... 12,062 11,308 5,306 5,804 326 435 Q 15.9

 85 to 167 ........................................ 8,467 8,020 2,968 4,367 534 406 Q 19.3

 Open Continuously ......................... 10,057 9,128 2,996 5,051 363 1,316 Q 22.1

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ........................................ 15,502 14,200 11,365 3,039 Q Q 164 15.9

 Natural Gas .................................... 35,161 33,406 10,389 24,877 Q Q Q 8.8

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 4,415 3,911 1,504 522 2,116 Q Q 20.5

 District Heat .................................... 5,014 4,856 987 1,086 Q 3,118 Q 20.5

 Propane .......................................... 1,101 702 397 Q Q Q 307 25.3

 Wood .............................................. 257 Q Q Q Q Q Q 35.2

 Any Other ....................................... 546 506 Q Q Q Q Q 86.0

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 12,183 12,151 5,725 5,862 512 1,192 Q 18.4

 Natural Gas .................................... 15,233 15,193 3,766 11,383 597 802 Q 13.6

 Propane .......................................... 1,039 1,039 505 Q 313 Q 291 28.6

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System ........................ 31,599 31,599 11,504 16,228 2,127 2,889 467 11.1

 Self-Heating Tank ........................ 24,464 24,464 10,388 12,906 1,062 915 425 13.6

 Heated by Space-Heating

 Equipment .................................... 3,722 3,722 514 1,706 984 841 Q 24.0

 Other ............................................ 4,032 4,032 773 2,130 257 1,170 Q 18.6

 Distributed System ......................... 29,502 29,502 15,671 14,816 397 528 245 12.8

 Residential-Type Storage

 Tank ............................................. 25,809 25,809 14,008 13,174 273 155 241 13.6

 Point-of-Use ................................. 3,367 3,367 Q 1,467 Q 138 Q 39.4

 Other ............................................ 1,259 1,259 439 757 Q 257 Q 31.2

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 173
Table A43. Cooking Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 

 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Cooking

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Cooking

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

ElectricityNatural

Gas Propane

ElectricityNatural

Gas Propane

0.5 0.8 1.1 1.0 1.8 0.5 0.9 1.2 1.0 2.3

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 734 356 431 70 67,876 23,065 12,183 15,233 1,039 7.7

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 320 158 175 35 7,327 903 440 498 98 10.2

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 137 75 70 Q 7,199 998 542 518 Q 11.1

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 114 45 75 Q 10,375 1,852 780 1,223 Q 11.3

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 70 25 50 Q 10,069 2,627 923 1,930 Q 15.0

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 44 25 27 Q 8,062 3,110 1,764 1,885 Q 12.4

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 29 16 18 Q 9,678 4,062 2,252 2,597 Q 14.9

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 15 8 11 Q 7,889 4,639 2,254 3,470 Q 15.6

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 6 4 4 Q 7,278 4,874 3,227 3,111 Q 29.3

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 98 44 63 7 8,470 5,676 2,579 4,179 267 13.3

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 40 24 17 Q 757 350 230 226 Q 26.4

 Food Service ................................. 260 244 101 169 30 1,491 1,450 626 1,043 147 12.7

 Health Care .................................... 63 6 4 5 Q 1,763 1,289 631 1,013 Q 22.0

 Lodging .......................................... 154 38 15 29 Q 2,891 1,600 599 1,291 Q 22.7

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 89 60 39 Q 12,402 3,806 2,395 2,797 Q 16.3

 Office .............................................. 749 30 15 14 Q 12,319 3,674 2,237 1,853 Q 14.0

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 Q Q Q Q 1,652 Q Q Q Q 48.8

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 82 41 41 Q 4,556 2,669 Q 1,114 Q 22.4

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q Q Q Q 820 Q Q Q Q 40.5

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 68 34 32 Q 3,747 1,231 600 823 Q 23.9

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 13 Q Q Q 11,484 349 Q Q Q 22.9

 Other .............................................. 69 Q Q Q Q 1,130 Q Q Q Q 29.6

 Vacant ............................................ 319 18 Q 12 Q 4,396 507 Q Q Q 30.9

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 41 18 24 Q 1,721 495 188 364 Q 22.2

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 42 13 29 Q 3,608 1,334 495 1,131 Q 23.9

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 101 41 64 Q 8,712 2,225 873 1,491 Q 14.6

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 134 59 85 Q 10,421 2,849 1,171 2,119 Q 12.1

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 120 58 70 14 12,612 4,920 2,734 3,477 298 16.0

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 154 81 84 12 14,014 5,071 2,427 3,502 253 13.8

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 122 72 69 Q 14,287 5,313 3,706 2,698 Q 15.1

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 21 14 7 Q 2,502 859 590 452 Q 23.6

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 142 68 73 28 13,400 5,740 2,963 3,891 510 14.2

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 201 86 142 Q 17,280 5,800 2,832 4,395 Q 11.0

 South .............................................. 1,963 257 143 120 29 24,577 7,768 4,287 4,318 377 15.1

 West ............................................... 870 134 59 96 Q 12,619 3,757 2,101 2,628 Q 14.0

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 734 356 431 70 66,549 23,065 12,183 15,233 1,039 7.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 532 204 431 Q 45,097 18,487 8,382 15,233 Q 7.9

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 101 61 35 28 13,218 7,452 4,092 4,913 570 13.3

 District Heat .................................... 95 19 10 12 Q 5,339 2,280 1,386 1,224 Q 19.5

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 8 4 6 Q 2,066 920 546 478 Q 31.4

 Propane .......................................... 337 84 31 5 70 3,393 1,549 685 270 1,039 20.1

 Any Other ....................................... 163 13 10 Q Q 1,551 399 253 Q Q 28.5

See footnotes at end of table.

174 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A43. Cooking Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 

 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Cooking

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Cooking

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

ElectricityNatural

Gas Propane

ElectricityNatural

Gas Propane

0.5 0.8 1.1 1.0 1.8 0.5 0.9 1.2 1.0 2.3

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 715 344 425 66 61,996 22,736 12,124 14,987 1,000 7.7

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 663 326 392 61 57,041 22,003 11,792 14,533 944 8.1

 Buildings with Water

 Heating .......................................... 3,502 728 353 427 70 58,479 22,993 12,151 15,193 1,039 7.8

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 734 356 431 70 23,065 23,065 12,183 15,233 1,039 8.5

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ............................... 121 13 7 7 Q 3,174 528 281 309 Q 28.3

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 260 146 119 29 17,944 2,678 Q 892 128 15.4

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 155 66 97 Q 7,524 1,326 687 705 Q 12.6

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 126 55 80 Q 8,077 1,719 707 1,233 Q 14.0

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 105 39 79 Q 10,556 3,419 1,172 2,662 Q 13.6

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 43 25 28 Q 7,763 3,424 1,885 2,209 Q 14.6

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 26 14 18 Q 7,378 3,998 2,020 3,072 Q 15.0

 250 or More .................................... 31 18 11 11 Q 8,633 6,502 3,858 4,459 Q 14.4

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 116 68 46 Q 8,246 1,828 826 1,098 Q 18.4

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 89 38 54 Q 14,998 3,010 1,726 1,912 Q 14.2

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 83 36 56 Q 14,046 3,118 1,723 1,852 Q 12.7

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 149 68 97 Q 12,062 5,195 2,805 3,487 Q 11.7

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 218 107 126 25 8,467 4,750 2,418 3,619 179 13.8

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 78 40 52 Q 10,057 5,163 2,684 3,266 Q 17.6

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 1,696 264 182 79 33 25,482 8,200 5,725 3,766 505 12.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 1,647 425 153 361 Q 29,962 13,339 5,862 11,383 Q 8.8

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 126 26 13 5 11 2,470 1,202 512 597 313 25.1

 District Heat .................................... 38 12 8 6 Q 3,308 1,768 1,192 802 Q 24.8

 Propane .......................................... 80 30 Q Q 27 659 395 Q Q 291 27.8

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 175
Table A44. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All

Buildings

Total

Heated

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

0.6 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.6 2.2 1.6 1.2 0.7

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 653 688 618 2,846 67,876 51,200 6,211 11,195 10,211 40,260 5.6

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 448 340 294 1,600 7,327 5,281 1,150 1,014 844 4,319 7.2

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 99 156 152 568 7,199 5,370 724 1,182 1,115 4,178 6.8

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 64 116 96 371 10,375 7,780 979 1,801 1,546 6,050 8.4

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 27 46 40 167 10,069 7,521 995 1,665 1,415 5,995 12.0

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 6 13 19 77 8,062 6,665 473 937 1,289 5,364 12.5

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 7 10 11 43 9,678 7,233 983 1,395 1,590 5,710 16.5

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 2 4 4 16 7,889 6,287 425 1,148 1,168 5,148 17.1

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 Q 2 1 5 7,278 5,063 Q 2,054 1,245 3,497 32.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 Q Q 30 259 8,470 8,161 Q Q 1,105 7,143 13.2

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q Q 29 79 757 636 Q Q 189 468 23.2

 Food Service ................................. 260 Q 21 50 178 1,491 1,259 Q 165 337 934 17.4

 Health Care .................................... 63 Q Q 11 50 1,763 1,705 Q Q 253 1,471 22.4

 Lodging .......................................... 154 Q Q 20 124 2,891 2,724 Q Q 601 2,185 19.9

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 68 208 210 786 12,402 9,790 619 2,287 2,310 7,186 11.1

 Office .............................................. 749 Q 43 141 561 12,319 11,127 Q 787 3,031 8,437 10.5

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 7 7 Q Q 1,652 134 487 1,094 Q Q 28.6

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 Q 36 33 188 4,556 3,936 Q 501 402 3,487 21.7

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q Q Q 45 820 785 Q Q Q 729 34.4

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 Q 20 36 306 3,747 3,493 Q 297 397 3,041 18.8

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 325 243 38 155 11,484 4,942 2,771 4,287 1,207 3,219 12.2

 Other .............................................. 69 Q Q Q 36 1,130 876 Q Q Q 729 25.7

 Vacant ............................................ 319 170 67 Q 73 4,396 1,631 1,769 1,212 Q 1,194 15.2

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 Q 35 32 88 1,721 1,319 Q 332 313 973 20.9

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 24 45 38 147 3,608 2,642 325 764 590 1,930 19.1

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 106 135 110 374 8,712 5,849 1,119 2,015 1,208 4,371 12.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 121 115 109 535 10,421 7,888 1,053 1,495 1,581 6,292 11.5

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 99 115 97 473 12,612 9,702 1,084 2,040 2,061 7,427 11.1

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 145 114 125 598 14,014 10,725 1,292 1,966 2,039 8,716 9.9

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 124 117 98 544 14,287 11,068 1,036 2,304 2,074 8,873 11.7

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 21 11 Q 87 2,502 2,006 199 279 345 1,679 18.2

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 77 98 111 484 13,400 10,640 646 2,479 2,114 8,161 11.2

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 168 163 143 727 17,280 14,107 1,120 2,034 2,249 11,876 10.1

 South .............................................. 1,963 280 298 229 1,155 24,577 17,550 2,983 4,414 3,107 14,073 9.4

 West ............................................... 870 128 128 135 480 12,619 8,903 1,460 2,268 2,740 6,151 12.6

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 467 686 616 2,846 66,549 51,194 4,894 11,191 10,204 40,260 5.8

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 47 374 425 1,820 45,097 37,980 647 7,038 7,694 29,718 8.5

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 Q 84 85 378 13,218 11,413 Q 1,357 2,696 8,760 11.9

 District Heat .................................... 95 Q 4 9 82 5,339 4,887 Q 385 815 4,106 22.3

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q Q 3 23 2,066 1,852 Q Q 394 1,493 28.8

 Propane .......................................... 337 Q 58 49 218 3,393 2,645 Q 659 726 1,924 18.6

 Any Other ....................................... 163 Q 51 Q 84 1,551 1,147 Q 324 Q 923 22.9

See footnotes at end of table.

176 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A44. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All

Buildings

Total

Heated

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

0.6 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.6 2.2 1.6 1.2 0.7

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 25 688 618 2,846 61,996 51,200 330 11,195 10,211 40,260 6.9

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 66 508 538 2,390 57,041 46,735 1,067 9,796 9,553 36,626 7.5

 Buildings with Water

 Heating .......................................... 3,502 73 492 539 2,398 58,479 48,559 888 9,557 9,745 38,289 6.9

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 19 59 133 523 23,065 20,546 Q 2,044 4,280 16,332 10.9

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ............................... 121 Q 26 31 58 3,174 2,292 Q 859 710 1,513 21.3

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................. 399 59 45 55 240 5,623 4,494 453 607 810 3,753 20.5

 5,500-7,000 HDD ......................... 1,134 125 153 159 697 18,024 14,913 905 2,423 2,786 11,910 13.7

 4,000-5,499 HDD ......................... 1,077 122 149 122 684 16,162 12,319 1,376 2,794 2,132 9,859 16.3

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,101 152 169 130 651 15,251 10,715 1,725 2,987 2,395 8,145 17.1

 More than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,095 196 171 153 575 12,816 8,758 1,751 2,384 2,088 6,593 14.6

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ......................................... 3,115 280 404 424 2,008 48,585 38,566 3,299 7,050 7,350 30,886 6.6

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 764 131 90 107 436 3,873 2,859 572 422 638 2,241 11.4

 Metal Panels .................................. 745 220 159 56 310 7,392 3,671 1,802 2,185 803 2,603 12.1

 Concrete Panels ............................. 87 12 16 11 48 4,961 3,583 300 1,259 801 2,600 20.4

 Window Glass ................................ 46 Q Q 9 23 2,028 1,644 Q Q 398 1,244 27.1

 Other .............................................. 47 Q Q 13 20 1,037 877 Q Q 221 686 35.8

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up .......................................... 1,642 160 257 243 983 30,257 23,789 2,126 4,328 5,398 18,405 8.1

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 1,381 144 152 177 908 10,570 8,362 843 1,523 1,435 6,769 9.8

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 1,037 283 211 91 452 9,019 4,729 1,990 2,653 915 3,462 10.8

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 386 19 33 54 280 11,702 10,392 206 1,168 1,682 8,647 13.6

 Slate or Tile .................................... 155 Q 13 17 110 1,998 1,693 Q 194 302 1,368 23.7

 Concrete ......................................... 37 15 6 Q 14 2,544 758 806 1,156 96 485 30.9

 Other .............................................. 167 Q Q 35 100 1,786 1,477 Q Q 383 1,125 22.5

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 532 409 327 1,739 25,424 17,666 3,482 4,608 2,878 14,456 8.5

 Two ................................................ 1,154 87 190 160 716 18,025 14,211 877 3,386 2,823 10,939 8.1

 Three .............................................. 446 25 62 90 268 9,877 8,087 698 1,047 1,809 6,324 12.6

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 9 26 38 114 10,377 7,687 966 1,725 1,744 5,943 16.2

 Ten or More .................................... 13 Q 2 2 9 4,173 3,549 Q Q 957 2,599 24.2

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 620 638 513 2,422 51,356 36,753 5,813 9,581 6,761 29,201 6.1

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 26 41 78 344 11,815 10,169 324 1,371 2,379 7,741 11.9

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 Q Q 24 59 3,206 2,911 Q Q 876 2,147 18.7

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 Q Q 3 21 1,499 1,366 Q Q 195 1,171 30.8

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 586 442 265 1,424 17,944 10,188 4,578 3,678 1,318 8,371 9.0

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 36 127 154 578 7,524 5,541 455 1,659 1,265 4,146 10.1

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 23 69 100 370 8,077 5,714 Q 1,992 1,247 4,286 11.7

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 Q 35 63 303 10,556 8,974 Q 1,350 1,801 7,206 10.4

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 Q 9 18 101 7,763 6,601 Q 1,123 1,200 5,329 14.9

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 Q 4 10 49 7,378 6,730 Q 486 1,425 5,412 17.0

 250 or More .................................... 31 Q 1 8 22 8,633 7,450 Q 907 1,956 5,511 16.8

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 177
Table A44. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All

Buildings

Total

Heated

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

0.6 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.6 2.2 1.6 1.2 0.7

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 323 109 78 528 8,246 5,005 2,369 1,083 467 4,327 11.0

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 100 215 164 799 14,998 11,236 1,309 2,579 2,096 9,015 9.1

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 87 182 152 583 14,046 10,662 845 2,635 2,877 7,690 9.5

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 43 89 105 407 12,062 9,925 541 1,654 2,227 7,639 11.9

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 43 60 81 294 8,467 6,546 409 1,771 1,275 5,012 13.1

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 56 33 38 235 10,057 7,826 737 1,473 1,269 6,577 15.9

Additional Operating Hours for

Equipment Use

 Heating and/or Cooling .................. 1,223 Q 130 198 882 20,300 17,349 Q 2,614 3,571 13,695 9.7

 Lighting ........................................... 633 33 101 116 384 12,886 10,398 528 2,154 2,249 7,955 12.0

 Heating and/or Cooling

 and Lighting ................................... 371 Q 34 76 257 8,717 7,300 Q 1,231 1,542 5,656 15.7

 No Additional Hours ....................... 3,320 612 491 381 1,837 43,407 30,753 5,549 7,659 5,933 24,267 7.3

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent ................................... 362 36 62 84 179 12,420 9,716 559 2,112 3,021 6,729 13.0

 51-99 Percent ................................. 97 Q 45 7 32 2,263 1,221 Q 1,020 210 809 26.1

 100 Percent .................................... 398 202 49 11 136 4,109 1,821 1,792 606 94 1,617 15.8

 None ............................................... 3,948 402 531 516 2,499 49,085 38,443 3,636 7,458 6,887 31,105 6.4

Space-Heating Energy Source

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 1,513 Q 283 224 999 25,636 19,934 Q 5,932 4,569 14,983 9.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,405 Q 353 392 1,654 38,524 32,467 Q 6,524 6,596 25,235 7.2

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 479 Q 73 70 330 7,334 6,541 Q 702 1,444 5,148 14.5

 District Heat .................................... 94 Q 4 9 80 5,242 4,805 Q 385 815 4,024 22.4

 Propane .......................................... 255 Q 51 34 163 1,568 1,175 Q 393 285 858 23.1

 Wood .............................................. 102 Q 36 Q 49 504 306 Q 211 Q 188 24.8

 Any Other ....................................... 39 Q Q Q 26 661 491 Q Q Q 444 62.9

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ........................................ 1,107 Q 220 160 720 15,502 11,600 Q 4,044 2,406 8,980 11.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,276 Q 332 361 1,576 35,161 29,755 Q 5,783 6,064 23,226 7.5

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 394 Q 62 53 276 4,415 3,896 Q 495 815 3,072 18.3

 District Heat .................................... 91 Q 3 9 79 5,014 4,601 Q 381 725 3,890 23.3

 Propane .......................................... 217 Q 40 26 146 1,101 794 Q 302 160 610 25.8

 Wood .............................................. 68 Q Q Q Q 257 145 Q Q Q Q 35.7

 Any Other ....................................... Q Q Q Q Q 546 Q Q Q Q Q 71.6

Replacemant Energy Source for

Primary Heating

 Electricity Only ............................... 350 Q 71 55 223 2,559 1,958 Q 674 480 1,389 15.3

 Natural Gas Only ............................ 213 Q 40 29 143 2,260 1,830 Q 459 279 1,479 19.7

 Fuel Oil Only .................................. 161 Q 25 31 103 5,451 4,926 Q 527 779 4,140 18.4

 Propane Only ................................. 212 Q 46 28 135 2,174 1,822 Q 336 366 1,438 19.2

 Any Other Single

 Energy Source .............................. 57 Q Q Q 34 477 362 Q Q Q 153 39.3

 More than One

 Energy Source .............................. 93 Q Q Q 71 895 743 Q Q Q 566 25.8

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 587 180 81 456 10,835 4,465 5,144 1,399 657 3,635 10.3

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 48 459 149 520 21,715 14,054 657 8,453 2,745 9,860 9.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 Q 23 337 294 13,872 11,915 Q Q 6,041 6,764 10.3

 100 ................................................. 1,668 15 26 51 1,576 21,454 20,766 168 517 767 20,001 13.6

See footnotes at end of table.

178 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A44. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All

Buildings

Total

Heated

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

0.6 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.6 2.2 1.6 1.2 0.7

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 315 29 Q 55 3,280 758 2,327 214 Q 661 17.5

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 130 344 83 325 9,980 5,326 1,540 3,942 857 3,641 10.7

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 36 66 255 456 14,224 12,007 Q 1,325 4,535 7,951 11.5

 100 ................................................. 2,699 172 249 267 2,011 40,393 33,109 1,929 5,714 4,742 28,007 7.6

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 449 Q 74 68 307 8,269 6,647 Q 1,611 1,908 4,750 13.5

 Furnaces ........................................ 1,692 Q 241 267 1,184 16,909 13,366 Q 4,139 2,671 10,099 8.3

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 Q 352 210 902 22,380 17,295 Q 5,663 3,667 13,049 8.6

 District Heat .................................... 93 Q 4 9 80 5,225 4,805 Q 385 815 4,024 22.4

 Boilers ............................................ 624 Q 47 93 484 20,664 19,125 Q 1,366 3,551 15,747 10.6

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 870 Q 96 166 608 16,000 13,423 Q 2,623 3,519 9,857 11.3

 Other .............................................. 42 Q Q Q 36 903 813 Q Q Q 625 32.3

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ............... 473 Q 33 68 372 13,263 12,374 Q 742 2,347 10,173 12.2

 Ducts for Heating ......................... 2,955 Q 384 467 2,104 45,422 38,208 Q 7,757 7,852 29,813 6.5

 Heating Only .............................. 577 Q 102 85 391 5,950 4,658 Q 1,673 809 3,468 13.1

 Heating and Cooling ................... 2,378 Q 282 382 1,714 39,472 33,550 Q 6,084 7,043 26,345 7.2

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used ............................. 210 Q 11 31 168 11,528 10,403 Q 1,255 1,764 8,508 17.5

 Fan Coil Units for

 Heating ........................................ 99 Q 11 12 76 5,474 4,973 Q 404 1,190 3,881 18.0

 Heating Only .............................. 78 Q Q 11 60 3,569 3,303 Q Q 897 2,488 20.0

 Heating and Cooling ................... 21 Q Q 2 16 1,906 1,669 Q Q 293 1,393 26.1

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 Q 352 210 902 22,380 17,295 Q 5,663 3,667 13,049 8.6

 Other .............................................. 181 Q 24 37 120 3,310 2,919 Q 416 740 2,154 20.3

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 3,343 196 431 475 2,241 50,311 41,248 2,154 7,135 8,462 32,559 6.4

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 126 307 325 1,563 33,240 27,871 1,170 4,163 5,672 22,235 7.9

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 1,680 44 189 255 1,193 29,684 25,883 327 3,584 4,674 21,099 9.2

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ............................... 1,068 53 136 162 718 25,396 21,475 587 3,437 4,596 16,776 10.9

 Exterior or Interior

 Shading or Awnings ...................... 1,853 52 240 301 1,259 34,071 29,282 744 3,887 6,291 23,149 7.9

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 198 297 279 1,345 28,937 23,120 1,738 4,442 4,202 18,555 7.9

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume

 System .......................................... 250 Q 16 35 196 13,970 12,514 Q 1,475 2,100 10,302 15.0

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 414 Q 35 62 311 18,313 16,401 Q 1,908 3,119 13,204 12.7

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 2,503 38 319 347 1,799 49,173 41,573 885 7,032 7,481 33,776 7.8

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 179
Table A44. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All

Buildings

Total

Heated

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

0.6 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.6 2.2 1.6 1.2 0.7

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 3,400 Q 581 525 2,280 46,248 38,248 Q 8,552 8,053 29,493 5.8

 Cooling ........................................... 2,872 53 427 452 1,939 42,768 34,944 771 7,616 7,616 26,765 7.6

 Hot Water ....................................... 578 22 94 78 385 9,966 8,578 115 1,340 1,926 6,585 11.6

 Lighting ........................................... 4,089 340 626 561 2,562 54,944 42,646 3,551 9,474 8,837 33,082 5.8

 Other .............................................. 547 24 79 102 342 7,996 6,210 156 1,725 1,765 4,350 15.4

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control

 System .......................................... 236 Q 12 35 188 14,320 13,229 Q 877 2,708 10,707 15.1

 Demand-Side

 Management

 Participation .................................. 315 Q 34 45 234 11,310 9,932 Q 1,360 1,878 8,010 13.4

 Energy Audit ................................... 521 17 51 78 376 14,779 12,437 512 1,707 2,709 9,852 12.3

 Building Energy

 Manager ........................................ 49 Q 7 6 36 2,311 2,035 Q 323 289 1,699 27.8

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

180 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A45. Percent of Floorspace Cooled, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

All

Buildings

Total

Cooled

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

0.6 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.1

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 1,304 1,176 658 1,668 67,876 36,457 10,835 21,715 13,872 21,454 5.3

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 889 507 299 987 7,327 3,714 2,332 1,531 830 2,633 7.1

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 216 279 152 327 7,199 3,802 1,598 2,091 1,136 2,374 6.6

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 128 215 108 196 10,375 5,354 2,012 3,398 1,753 3,213 8.5

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 44 103 46 87 10,069 5,167 1,635 3,696 1,652 3,087 11.0

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 12 38 27 39 8,062 4,646 878 2,703 1,785 2,697 11.2

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 12 21 16 22 9,678 4,999 1,606 2,932 2,247 2,893 14.2

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 2 9 8 7 7,889 4,386 672 2,705 2,371 2,141 16.5

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 Q 4 2 Q 7,278 4,389 Q 2,660 2,098 2,416 28.7

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 49 52 39 160 8,470 4,426 1,080 3,008 1,538 2,844 12.1

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q Q 25 70 757 598 Q Q 235 377 20.4

 Food Service ................................. 260 Q 42 72 130 1,491 1,142 Q 361 449 638 14.2

 Health Care .................................... 63 Q Q 15 40 1,763 1,591 Q Q 576 1,081 18.1

 Lodging .......................................... 154 34 12 31 77 2,891 2,074 398 356 891 1,246 18.9

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 330 457 163 322 12,402 6,998 1,528 4,088 3,332 3,454 9.5

 Office .............................................. 749 Q 84 187 460 12,319 10,485 Q 1,238 4,662 6,298 9.0

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 11 10 Q Q 1,652 78 731 891 Q Q 32.6

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 70 56 40 112 4,556 3,217 479 902 808 2,367 18.3

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q 30 Q 9 820 404 Q 392 Q 186 28.3

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 80 41 39 206 3,747 2,192 626 1,015 450 1,657 16.1

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 437 282 18 24 11,484 1,648 3,599 7,090 392 402 13.9

 Other .............................................. 69 25 20 10 15 1,130 617 90 478 260 301 23.6

 Vacant ............................................ 319 205 62 Q 44 4,396 989 2,014 1,693 Q 598 16.4

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 50 67 24 28 1,721 672 414 828 228 251 19.4

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 86 68 44 58 3,608 1,366 849 1,555 679 526 17.7

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 234 190 106 195 8,712 3,511 2,126 3,240 1,492 1,853 11.5

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 237 250 111 282 10,421 4,647 2,161 3,942 1,636 2,682 9.7

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 220 181 103 279 12,612 6,994 2,011 3,604 3,167 3,830 10.2

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 241 212 142 387 14,014 8,497 1,728 3,881 3,035 5,370 8.7

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 202 191 112 379 14,287 9,055 1,302 4,132 3,045 5,807 11.0

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 35 17 16 60 2,502 1,716 244 534 590 1,134 18.1

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 250 241 125 155 13,400 5,847 2,242 5,640 3,049 2,469 11.0

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 417 287 170 327 17,280 8,393 2,898 6,318 3,825 4,240 9.4

 South .............................................. 1,963 394 486 244 839 24,577 15,202 3,372 6,482 4,097 10,627 8.7

 West ............................................... 870 243 161 119 347 12,619 7,015 2,323 3,275 2,902 4,118 11.2

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 1,114 1,176 658 1,668 66,549 36,457 9,508 21,715 13,872 21,454 5.3

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 402 740 457 1,065 45,097 26,496 3,674 15,579 10,765 15,079 6.5

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 180 191 79 108 13,218 8,061 1,137 3,991 4,085 4,005 11.1

 District Heat .................................... 95 14 24 18 39 5,339 3,299 552 1,466 1,562 1,758 16.8

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q Q 6 20 2,066 1,650 Q Q 702 988 22.4

 Propane .......................................... 337 107 106 46 78 3,393 1,388 556 1,556 608 674 16.7

 Any Other ....................................... 163 93 47 Q 14 1,551 424 435 724 Q 190 22.8

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 181
Table A45. Percent of Floorspace Cooled, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

All

Buildings

Total

Cooled

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

0.6 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 739 1,131 654 1,655 61,996 36,003 5,923 21,153 13,631 21,289 5.5

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 Q 1,176 658 1,668 57,041 36,457 Q 21,715 13,872 21,454 5.4

 Buildings with Water

 Heating .......................................... 3,502 485 992 606 1,418 58,479 34,691 4,640 19,984 13,574 20,281 5.9

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 71 159 178 326 23,065 16,180 1,062 5,471 7,211 9,321 10.0

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ............................... 121 29 59 22 11 3,174 956 304 2,104 461 306 18.9

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................. 399 170 95 57 77 5,623 2,424 1,356 1,969 919 1,379 18.0

 5,500-7,000 HDD ......................... 1,134 368 304 180 282 18,024 8,590 3,047 6,800 4,304 3,872 12.1

 4,000-5,499 HDD ......................... 1,077 324 279 143 332 16,162 8,125 2,613 5,670 3,537 4,342 14.9

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,101 263 231 132 475 15,251 9,012 2,382 4,008 2,871 5,991 16.7

 More than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,095 180 266 146 503 12,816 8,306 1,437 3,268 2,241 5,870 14.0

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ......................................... 3,115 625 758 483 1,249 48,585 27,375 6,501 15,472 9,925 16,686 5.9

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 764 291 121 117 236 3,873 1,852 1,248 849 707 1,068 10.6

 Metal Panels .................................. 745 351 242 30 121 7,392 1,951 2,538 3,339 481 1,034 13.7

 Concrete Panels ............................. 87 17 29 14 28 4,961 2,915 397 1,583 1,663 1,317 18.4

 Window Glass ................................ 46 Q Q 10 21 2,028 1,605 Q Q 878 796 23.2

 Other .............................................. 47 Q 19 Q 13 1,037 759 Q 170 216 552 31.3

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up .......................................... 1,642 323 436 256 627 30,257 17,289 3,853 9,401 6,321 10,682 7.3

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 1,381 357 252 214 559 10,570 5,908 1,965 2,933 2,082 3,591 9.0

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 1,037 461 319 69 188 9,019 2,837 2,942 3,839 689 1,548 11.2

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 386 67 103 64 151 11,702 7,641 809 3,097 3,812 3,984 10.7

 Slate or Tile .................................... 155 42 18 27 67 1,998 1,033 390 543 408 656 18.6

 Concrete ......................................... 37 10 13 Q 10 2,544 728 635 1,367 225 318 31.8

 Other .............................................. 167 43 35 25 64 1,786 1,021 242 535 335 674 18.8

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 942 658 301 1,106 25,424 12,555 5,572 8,053 3,336 8,463 8.0

 Two ................................................ 1,154 238 312 196 407 18,025 9,877 2,276 6,267 3,561 5,921 7.5

 Three .............................................. 446 92 137 115 102 9,877 5,172 1,255 3,359 2,580 2,684 10.7

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 31 65 41 49 10,377 5,697 1,622 3,155 2,616 2,985 14.0

 Ten or More .................................... 13 Q 3 4 5 4,173 3,156 Q 881 1,780 1,402 20.7

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 1,206 1,045 541 1,401 51,356 25,689 9,666 17,378 8,678 15,634 5.8

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 80 109 85 216 11,815 7,212 942 3,594 3,264 4,015 10.4

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 14 18 28 33 3,206 2,285 175 598 1,427 1,006 19.3

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 Q Q 4 17 1,499 1,271 Q Q 502 800 26.7

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 1,096 582 251 790 17,944 6,736 7,225 4,650 1,249 4,820 9.5

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 115 268 143 369 7,524 3,567 1,276 3,132 1,056 2,061 8.6

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 60 162 114 226 8,077 3,822 1,123 3,447 1,287 2,221 11.2

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 20 113 92 179 10,556 6,048 566 4,190 2,391 3,410 10.9

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 12 37 26 55 7,763 4,216 450 3,265 1,497 2,551 13.8

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 Q 12 18 33 7,378 4,869 Q 2,228 2,007 2,960 13.8

 250 or More .................................... 31 Q 1 14 15 8,633 7,199 Q 804 4,386 3,430 14.6

See footnotes at end of table.

182 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A45. Percent of Floorspace Cooled, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

All

Buildings

Total

Cooled

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

0.6 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.1

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 526 127 80 306 8,246 2,790 3,614 2,176 521 1,935 10.8

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 271 341 184 482 14,998 7,657 2,441 5,216 2,726 4,616 8.5

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 217 346 133 307 14,046 7,368 1,828 5,317 2,784 4,118 8.4

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 116 197 102 230 12,062 7,422 904 3,796 3,123 4,238 9.6

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 73 106 99 200 8,467 4,897 725 2,860 2,379 2,504 12.0

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 100 59 60 142 10,057 6,324 1,324 2,351 2,340 4,043 14.7

Additional Operating Hours for

Equipment Use

 Heating and/or Cooling .................. 1,223 189 327 227 479 20,300 11,845 1,677 7,124 5,315 6,185 8.7

 Lighting ........................................... 633 109 172 128 224 12,886 8,014 860 4,003 3,781 4,243 10.1

 Heating and/or Cooling

 and Lighting ................................... 371 35 98 89 149 8,717 5,561 367 2,753 2,670 2,927 14.2

 No Additional Hours ....................... 3,320 1,041 775 391 1,114 43,407 22,159 8,666 13,341 7,447 13,953 7.0

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent ................................... 362 55 98 84 125 12,420 8,384 583 3,003 4,844 3,990 11.5

 51-99 Percent ................................. 97 27 40 7 23 2,263 1,013 253 1,183 196 630 24.3

 100 Percent .................................... 398 251 58 8 81 4,109 915 2,233 1,124 105 646 16.7

 None ............................................... 3,948 970 980 559 1,439 49,085 26,145 7,765 16,406 8,727 16,187 5.8

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 3,404 Q 1,154 643 1,608 54,628 34,628 Q 21,068 13,370 20,191 5.5

 Natural Gas .................................... 106 Q 31 17 59 1,906 1,535 Q 456 380 1,070 19.7

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q Q 6 20 2,066 1,650 Q Q 702 988 22.4

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 587 48 Q 15 6,211 460 5,144 657 Q 168 20.6

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 180 459 23 26 11,195 2,697 1,399 8,453 Q 517 13.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 81 149 337 51 10,211 6,034 657 2,745 6,041 767 11.0

 100 ................................................. 2,846 456 520 294 1,576 40,260 27,266 3,635 9,860 6,764 20,001 6.3

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 359 24 Q 25 3,280 314 2,501 562 Q 206 18.5

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 301 374 64 142 9,980 3,260 2,758 4,867 802 1,553 10.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 148 170 251 244 14,224 8,878 1,166 3,952 4,855 4,251 10.6

 100 ................................................. 2,699 496 608 339 1,256 40,393 24,005 4,409 12,334 8,205 15,444 6.3

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................. 816 Q 259 168 389 9,021 5,284 Q 4,166 1,961 2,894 9.7

 Heat Pumps ................................... 454 Q 111 79 263 8,406 5,451 Q 3,024 1,832 3,550 11.1

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................. 1,023 Q 568 191 265 17,979 8,146 Q 10,452 3,767 3,761 11.2

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q Q 6 20 2,066 1,650 Q Q 702 988 22.4

 Central Chillers ............................... 142 Q 20 46 76 12,991 10,863 Q 1,752 4,712 6,527 14.5

 Packaged Air

 Conditioning Units ......................... 1,459 Q 346 317 796 27,830 19,229 Q 9,007 7,824 10,999 7.0

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 179 Q 57 31 91 2,085 1,442 Q 659 652 774 25.1

 Other .............................................. 8 Q Q Q Q 268 228 Q Q Q Q 57.4

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 183
Table A45. Percent of Floorspace Cooled, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

All

Buildings

Total

Cooled

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

0.6 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.1

Cooling Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Ducts for Cooling ............................ 2,733 Q 698 557 1,478 47,755 33,106 Q 15,366 12,367 20,022 5.7

 Cooling Only ................................. 355 Q 147 68 140 8,283 5,165 Q 3,478 1,898 2,908 11.6

 Heating and Cooling ..................... 2,378 Q 551 489 1,338 39,472 27,941 Q 11,888 10,469 17,115 5.9

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used ............................... 221 Q 38 50 134 12,430 10,197 Q 1,936 3,887 6,607 12.5

 Fan Coil Units for Cooling .............. 56 Q 17 14 25 3,875 2,914 Q 942 1,352 1,581 19.8

 Cooling Only ................................. 35 Q 14 8 13 1,969 1,343 Q 699 574 697 30.7

 Heating and Cooling ..................... 21 Q Q 5 12 1,906 1,572 Q Q 778 884 18.8

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................. 1,023 Q 568 191 265 17,979 8,146 Q 10,452 3,767 3,761 11.2

 Other .............................................. 111 Q 45 23 44 2,919 2,202 Q 695 1,084 1,139 22.0

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 3,343 616 835 531 1,362 50,311 30,272 5,124 15,497 11,573 18,116 5.6

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 412 549 356 1,004 33,240 21,638 2,963 8,977 7,713 13,588 6.8

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 1,680 275 426 314 665 29,684 18,672 2,354 9,092 7,158 11,080 7.9

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ............................... 1,068 91 261 195 521 25,396 17,541 1,046 6,787 7,107 10,456 9.3

 Exterior or Interior

 Shading or Awnings ...................... 1,853 147 496 381 829 34,071 22,553 1,873 9,868 8,975 13,356 7.5

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 604 568 277 670 28,937 13,930 4,971 10,559 5,478 7,929 7.3

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume

 System .......................................... 250 14 47 51 138 13,970 10,724 244 2,655 4,375 6,697 13.6

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 414 Q 105 103 206 18,313 14,038 Q 4,005 6,384 7,924 10.8

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 2,503 327 663 427 1,086 49,173 30,641 3,338 15,589 11,979 18,267 6.4

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 3,400 596 964 517 1,323 46,248 26,342 4,322 16,548 10,204 15,174 5.5

 Cooling ........................................... 2,872 Q 1,001 535 1,335 42,768 26,905 Q 16,782 10,766 15,221 5.3

 Hot Water ....................................... 578 133 172 77 195 9,966 5,639 1,135 3,304 2,410 3,117 10.6

 Lighting ........................................... 4,089 922 1,090 580 1,498 54,944 29,637 7,602 18,829 11,369 17,144 5.1

 Other .............................................. 547 101 156 101 189 7,996 4,339 704 3,095 1,993 2,204 13.8

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control

 System .......................................... 236 19 42 54 121 14,320 11,157 493 2,350 4,925 6,552 13.8

 Demand-Side

 Management

 Participation .................................. 315 48 82 72 113 11,310 7,290 643 3,141 3,605 3,920 12.2

 Energy Audit ................................... 521 97 134 107 184 14,779 8,810 1,143 4,763 4,251 4,622 10.1

 Building Energy

 Manager ........................................ 49 Q 7 14 22 2,311 1,606 Q 635 489 1,098 23.4

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

184 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A46. Percent of Floorspace Lit, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All

Buildings

Total

Lit

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

0.6 1.8 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.7 2.2 1.4 1.2 0.8

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 413 881 813 2,699 67,876 54,961 3,280 9,980 14,224 40,393 5.7

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 287 489 387 1,518 7,327 5,420 724 1,405 1,076 4,122 7.2

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 64 180 189 541 7,199 5,527 458 1,318 1,405 4,018 7.1

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 36 144 128 339 10,375 7,881 529 2,235 2,092 5,520 8.5

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 18 41 63 158 10,069 7,993 613 1,500 2,300 5,656 11.4

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 5 14 24 73 8,062 6,845 341 1,017 1,605 5,099 12.1

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 Q 11 13 46 9,678 8,154 Q 1,501 1,816 6,296 15.5

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 Q 2 5 19 7,889 7,025 Q 557 1,363 5,743 18.2

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 Q Q Q 4 7,278 6,116 Q Q 2,568 3,939 31.1

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 Q Q 56 238 8,470 8,119 Q Q 2,044 6,284 11.9

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q Q Q 93 757 698 Q Q Q 591 23.6

 Food Service ................................. 260 Q 28 52 180 1,491 1,257 Q 260 350 882 15.8

 Health Care .................................... 63 Q Q 19 38 1,763 1,688 Q Q 351 1,368 20.9

 Lodging .......................................... 154 Q 26 27 100 2,891 2,563 Q 342 599 1,948 20.2

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 Q 217 236 809 12,402 10,929 Q 1,274 2,759 8,335 10.1

 Office .............................................. 749 Q 77 197 475 12,319 11,170 Q 773 3,429 8,116 9.8

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 Q Q Q 15 1,652 1,562 Q Q Q 1,454 40.5

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 Q 90 58 128 4,556 3,517 Q 931 Q 1,806 17.1

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q Q 13 34 820 712 Q Q 196 542 33.3

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 Q 81 67 218 3,747 2,541 Q 1,446 799 1,503 16.9

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 168 241 50 303 11,484 8,353 756 2,928 1,266 6,535 11.9

 Other .............................................. 69 Q Q 11 42 1,130 963 Q Q 230 746 26.2

 Vacant ............................................ 319 221 63 Q 26 4,396 889 2,403 1,488 Q 282 16.6

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 Q 61 41 55 1,721 1,088 Q 652 429 560 18.9

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 23 79 52 101 3,608 2,309 321 1,175 946 1,166 18.8

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 76 168 122 359 8,712 6,643 654 1,584 1,535 4,939 12.5

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 78 151 150 501 10,421 8,127 554 1,862 2,115 5,890 10.8

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 55 138 132 458 12,612 10,704 457 1,523 2,264 8,369 11.4

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 83 150 163 586 14,014 11,838 630 1,414 2,982 8,988 10.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 74 114 138 558 14,287 12,084 512 1,489 3,539 8,745 11.9

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 Q 20 15 82 2,502 2,167 Q 280 413 1,737 20.8

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 46 170 171 384 13,400 11,215 454 1,763 3,098 8,085 12.1

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 138 245 210 609 17,280 13,556 1,031 2,771 3,914 9,565 9.7

 South .............................................. 1,963 178 344 283 1,158 24,577 19,815 1,193 3,759 4,613 15,013 9.6

 West ............................................... 870 51 123 148 549 12,619 10,375 601 1,688 2,599 7,731 13.7

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 223 881 813 2,699 66,549 54,961 1,952 9,980 14,224 40,393 5.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 50 488 504 1,623 45,097 38,236 650 6,381 9,745 28,321 7.6

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 Q 118 115 310 13,218 11,487 Q 1,382 3,202 8,401 12.4

 District Heat .................................... 95 Q 11 23 61 5,339 4,747 Q 336 1,119 3,704 19.4

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q Q 5 20 2,066 1,819 Q Q 394 1,444 25.7

 Propane .......................................... 337 Q 54 52 214 3,393 2,868 Q 484 571 2,263 18.8

 Any Other ....................................... 163 Q 48 28 74 1,551 1,196 Q 351 320 832 23.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 185
Table A46. Percent of Floorspace Lit, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All

Buildings

Total

Lit

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

0.6 1.8 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.7 2.2 1.4 1.2 0.8

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 103 760 780 2,536 61,996 52,476 1,047 8,527 13,822 38,601 6.1

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 54 580 665 2,203 57,041 48,813 779 7,222 13,058 35,984 6.7

 Buildings with Water

 Heating .......................................... 3,502 67 605 663 2,167 58,479 49,962 819 7,515 13,540 36,604 6.6

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 Q 111 154 463 23,065 20,477 Q 2,094 6,377 14,526 10.2

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ............................... 121 Q 27 17 73 3,174 2,592 Q 565 765 1,815 21.4

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 326 458 404 1,819 25,424 20,399 1,785 3,324 4,357 15,957 8.3

 Two ................................................ 1,154 61 262 234 598 18,025 14,363 560 3,554 3,789 10,121 8.1

 Three .............................................. 446 21 117 112 196 9,877 8,051 312 1,481 2,575 5,509 12.0

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 Q 44 59 80 10,377 8,564 Q 1,477 2,355 6,259 15.3

 Ten or More .................................... 13 Q 1 4 8 4,173 3,585 Q 143 1,147 2,546 24.4

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 391 803 688 2,311 51,356 40,844 2,677 8,465 9,946 30,268 6.1

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 14 69 103 305 11,815 9,854 514 1,281 3,260 6,759 12.7

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 Q 5 21 63 3,206 2,868 Q 137 866 2,131 19.2

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 Q Q 1 21 1,499 1,395 Q Q 152 1,234 31.1

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 407 665 352 1,294 17,944 10,700 3,185 4,775 2,779 7,205 9.3

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 Q 136 180 577 7,524 5,898 Q 1,914 1,518 4,086 9.0

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 Q 49 128 381 8,077 6,674 Q 1,433 1,604 4,986 11.6

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 Q 20 103 281 10,556 9,552 Q 806 2,723 6,994 10.0

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 Q 7 27 96 7,763 7,137 Q 578 1,496 5,689 17.3

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 Q Q 14 47 7,378 6,807 Q Q 2,007 5,072 15.6

 250 or More .................................... 31 Q Q 8 24 8,633 8,193 Q Q 2,097 6,361 14.4

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 332 172 126 408 8,246 4,210 2,853 1,482 1,002 2,910 10.5

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 Q 261 245 759 14,998 12,330 Q 2,803 2,993 9,094 8.7

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 29 192 187 595 14,046 11,784 129 2,242 3,107 8,568 9.2

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 Q 108 124 402 12,062 10,503 Q 1,413 3,021 7,562 10.9

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 Q 91 79 301 8,467 7,213 Q 1,267 1,760 5,406 12.9

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 18 58 51 234 10,057 8,922 88 774 2,342 6,853 16.6

Additional Operating Hours for

Equipment Use

 Heating and/or Cooling .................. 1,223 Q 188 255 766 20,300 17,709 Q 2,565 4,855 12,832 9.6

 Lighting ........................................... 633 38 119 134 342 12,886 11,044 222 1,559 2,960 8,145 12.0

 Heating and/or Cooling

 and Lighting ................................... 371 Q 54 83 228 8,717 7,758 Q 809 2,221 5,666 16.5

 No Additional Hours ....................... 3,320 367 628 507 1,819 43,407 33,966 3,030 6,665 8,630 25,082 7.4

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent ................................... 362 Q 97 102 148 12,420 10,623 Q 1,290 4,459 6,601 11.9

 51-99 Percent ................................. 97 Q 59 12 18 2,263 1,084 Q 1,460 259 492 25.1

 100 Percent .................................... 398 226 31 21 120 4,109 1,407 2,418 344 265 1,081 16.2

 None ............................................... 3,948 163 694 678 2,413 49,085 41,847 740 6,886 9,240 32,219 6.9

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 315 130 36 172 6,211 2,653 2,327 1,540 Q 1,929 14.9

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 29 344 66 249 11,195 7,944 214 3,942 1,325 5,714 13.5

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 Q 83 255 267 10,211 8,654 Q 857 4,535 4,742 10.3

 100 ................................................. 2,846 55 325 456 2,011 40,260 35,711 661 3,641 7,951 28,007 7.6

See footnotes at end of table.

186 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A46. Percent of Floorspace Lit, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All

Buildings

Total

Lit

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

0.6 1.8 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.7 2.2 1.4 1.2 0.8

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 359 301 148 496 10,835 6,148 2,501 2,758 1,166 4,409 10.1

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 24 374 170 608 21,715 17,015 562 4,867 3,952 12,334 9.4

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 Q 64 251 339 13,872 12,431 Q 802 4,855 8,205 10.4

 100 ................................................. 1,668 25 142 244 1,256 21,454 19,367 206 1,553 4,251 15,444 10.6

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit ............................................. 2,987 354 637 426 1,569 34,486 25,923 2,523 6,752 6,252 18,959 7.3

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,689 25 242 372 1,051 31,482 27,418 530 3,206 7,685 20,061 8.0

 51 to 99 .......................................... 43 Q Q 13 25 1,021 952 Q Q 282 715 27.9

 100 ................................................. 87 30 Q Q 54 887 669 209 Q Q 658 22.9

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 2,509 26 567 509 1,408 39,221 32,488 391 6,575 9,350 22,906 7.5

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 4,065 48 780 771 2,467 62,074 52,649 675 8,848 13,892 38,658 6.4

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 206 Q 25 65 117 8,336 7,539 Q 547 2,410 5,378 15.5

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 354 Q 47 65 239 17,570 16,001 Q 1,410 3,782 12,324 11.2

 Other .............................................. 78 Q 17 14 47 1,612 1,356 Q 295 418 900 28.2

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 3,343 144 559 648 1,993 50,311 42,187 1,341 6,538 11,864 30,567 6.4

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 100 393 418 1,410 33,240 28,144 768 4,032 8,261 20,179 7.1

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 1,680 59 319 349 953 29,684 25,181 481 3,727 7,851 17,625 8.3

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ............................... 1,068 27 165 235 642 25,396 21,954 554 2,339 6,875 15,628 10.4

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings .................................... 1,853 38 296 388 1,131 34,071 29,426 618 3,586 8,583 21,285 8.0

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 127 447 374 1,171 28,937 23,130 1,113 5,175 5,954 16,696 7.9

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 Q 74 136 357 15,241 13,572 Q 1,373 3,215 10,477 11.3

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ......................................... 74 Q 11 21 42 3,072 2,672 Q 246 966 1,826 20.7

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 Q 7 13 38 3,629 3,234 Q Q 1,105 2,185 18.3

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 Q 59 88 187 12,104 10,522 Q 1,100 3,789 7,131 15.4

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 413 Q 85 109 219 12,329 10,595 Q 1,640 3,152 7,522 12.4

 Other .............................................. 78 Q Q 31 42 2,596 2,378 Q Q 902 1,570 19.9

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 3,400 67 645 648 2,040 46,248 38,940 549 7,112 10,292 28,295 6.0

 Cooling ........................................... 2,872 41 498 562 1,771 42,768 36,366 376 6,132 9,896 26,364 6.6

 Hot Water ....................................... 578 30 84 114 350 9,966 8,635 261 941 2,617 6,147 11.1

 Lighting ........................................... 4,089 101 802 752 2,434 54,944 45,536 931 9,075 11,767 33,171 5.7

 Other .............................................. 547 Q 82 121 338 7,996 6,890 Q 1,117 1,611 5,205 15.4

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 187
Table A46. Percent of Floorspace Lit, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All

Buildings

Total

Lit

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

0.6 1.8 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.7 2.2 1.4 1.2 0.8

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control

 System .......................................... 236 Q 14 58 163 14,320 13,263 Q 344 4,429 9,522 14.4

 Demand-Side

 Management

 Participation .................................. 315 Q 48 90 177 11,310 10,083 Q 1,018 3,058 7,232 12.9

 Energy Audit ................................... 521 Q 76 121 321 14,779 13,066 Q 1,312 3,996 9,411 11.4

 Building Energy

 Manager ........................................ 49 Q Q 9 36 2,311 2,016 Q Q 348 1,688 25.0

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

188 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A47. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.5 0.5 1.3 0.8 0.8 1.7 0.9 1.0 3.1

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 4,178 449 1,692 1,464 93 624 870 42 6.7

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 2,247 198 1,002 812 18 165 396 28 10.5

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 883 121 387 287 11 145 190 Q 10.2

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 585 71 193 210 28 135 162 Q 9.6

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 255 30 72 84 15 91 62 Q 13.2

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 110 13 20 38 9 43 36 Q 12.6

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 64 10 14 21 6 28 16 Q 16.6

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 24 4 4 9 5 12 6 Q 18.9

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 9 2 1 4 1 4 3Q 33.9

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 295 36 78 67 20 91 77 Q 14.8

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 120 Q 28 40 Q Q 30 Q 26.6

 Food Service ................................... 260 249 Q 102 50 Q 34 100 Q 15.7

 Health Care ...................................... 63 61 11 27 7 2 9 14 Q 29.4

 Lodging ............................................ 154 150 22 33 72 9 36 20 Q 21.0

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 1,214 90 548 497 9 141 220 Q 10.8

 Office ............................................... 749 745 109 321 162 24 118 189 7 11.1

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 17 Q Q 12 QQQQ 47.0

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 257 35 108 93 10 43 46 Q 15.0

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 60 Q 26 19 Q 17 Q Q 31.6

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 364 37 188 125 Q 58 55 Q 18.0

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 445 38 168 235 Q 39 76 Q 14.7

 Other ................................................ 69 48 Q 13 23 4 11 13 Q 29.5

 Vacant .............................................. 319 154 23 45 62 2 20 21 Q 19.5

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 158 Q 74 61 4 53 Q Q 22.6

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 232 Q 104 65 10 70 20 Q 18.7

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 623 34 285 230 12 128 84 Q 13.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 760 44 358 258 22 127 137 Q 12.2

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 687 58 282 259 22 107 136 Q 12.0

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 850 112 324 305 9 79 219 13 11.3

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 761 155 244 249 11 48 228 8 12.5

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 107 23 21 36 Q 12 33 Q 29.4

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 694 41 290 218 23 260 86 12 12.7

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 1,047 28 592 376 23 188 121 11 13.3

 South ............................................... 1,963 1,687 280 557 626 27 111 440 15 12.2

 West ................................................. 870 750 99 252 245 20 65 223 Q 17.0

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 4,173 449 1,692 1,460 93 624 870 42 6.7

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 2,627 137 1,259 886 34 444 605 23 8.5

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 554 26 265 189 11 220 29 6 16.7

 District Heat ..................................... 95 95 8 Q 15 93 Q 2 Q 21.2

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 28 Q Q 3 24 Q Q Q 28.5

 Propane ........................................... 337 330 34 134 188 Q 35 36 Q 23.8

 Any Other ......................................... 163 161 Q 56 110 Q 21 Q Q 23.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 189
Table A47. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.5 0.5 1.3 0.8 0.8 1.7 0.9 1.0 3.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 4,178 449 1,692 1,464 93 624 870 42 6.7

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 3,439 443 1,391 1,081 80 509 855 36 7.0

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 3,502 3,436 404 1,433 1,097 80 600 771 40 6.9

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 715 79 259 180 18 178 216 18 10.3

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 121 117 16 47 64 5 21 23 Q 23.1

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................... 399 344 12 162 134 10 99 31 Q 23.4

 5,500-7,000 HDD ........................... 1,134 1,018 31 525 352 28 272 125 11 14.6

 4,000-5,499 HDD ........................... 1,077 959 127 459 331 27 156 97 Q 21.9

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 1,101 955 148 294 345 13 61 297 Q 22.1

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 1,095 903 131 251 302 15 36 319 Q 19.2

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 3,115 2,850 306 1,136 860 75 498 650 33 6.9

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 764 635 50 308 264 Q 76 93 Q 14.6

 Metal Panels .................................... 745 533 71 204 285 6 24 73 Q 17.4

 Concrete Panels .............................. 87 76 14 12 28 7 14 32 Q 21.5

 Window Glass .................................. 46 41 Q 9 14 1 8 13 Q 33.3

 Other ................................................ 47 42 Q 23 14 Q Q 9 Q 39.2

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 1,642 1,489 162 560 457 39 247 392 21 7.7

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 1,381 1,246 117 619 412 10 177 179 Q 11.3

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 1,037 763 103 296 381 10 37 125 Q 15.7

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 386 368 30 115 126 14 102 105 6 14.2

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 155 140 Q 46 35 13 29 28 Q 21.1

 Concrete .......................................... 37 22 Q Q 9 Q 4 5 Q 46.0

 Other ................................................ 167 150 14 54 43 Q 27 35 Q 26.2

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 4,193 3,597 392 1,507 1,295 74 473 701 39 7.3

 26 to 50 ............................................ 490 464 45 149 132 15 121 135 Q 11.3

 51 to 75 ............................................ 94 89 9 27 28 3 24 29 Q 25.4

 76 to 100 .......................................... 29 27 Q Q 10 1 7 5Q 33.9

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 2,154 199 912 846 22 211 305 Q 10.3

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 861 96 407 281 14 119 188 Q 10.5

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 540 59 210 158 21 95 169 Q 12.0

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 401 61 120 113 16 111 133 Q 11.2

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 128 17 30 41 10 43 46 Q 14.1

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 64 10 10 17 4 29 21 Q 15.7

 250 or More ..................................... 31 30 6 3 9 7 15 8 1 17.4

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 725 52 333 257 9 96 104 Q 14.5

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 1,186 150 474 401 34 165 240 Q 10.0

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 920 101 402 357 16 133 170 Q 9.7

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 603 54 226 201 9 103 158 Q 10.8

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 436 49 173 117 7 60 140 Q 13.9

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 307 44 84 130 19 67 58 Q 13.5

See footnotes at end of table.

190 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A47. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.5 0.5 1.3 0.8 0.8 1.7 0.9 1.0 3.1

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation ..................................... 735 714 79 259 180 18 176 217 18 10.3

 Computer Room .............................. 223 222 22 63 70 11 78 66 6 15.3

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ....................................... 236 229 28 75 77 17 58 64 Q 16.0

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .................... 203 194 22 66 76 6 58 51 Q 14.0

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 1,667 1,338 167 434 466 81 214 277 9 10.1

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 223 208 28 32 48 80 39 29 Q 19.6

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 1,444 1,130 139 403 418 1 175 248 9 11.9

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 3,139 2,840 282 1,258 998 12 410 593 34 8.2

Space-Heating Energy Source

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 1,513 1,513 444 403 668 16 116 407 19 9.6

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,405 2,405 98 1,218 819 5 419 535 22 9.3

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 479 479 17 251 151 3 199 13 Q 20.8

 District Heat ..................................... 94 94 8 Q 14 93 Q 2 Q 21.5

 Propane ........................................... 255 255 18 108 162 Q 16 Q Q 25.4

 Wood ............................................... 102 102 Q Q 81 QQQQ 29.6

 Any Other ......................................... 39 39 QQQQQQQ 69.4

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ......................................... 1,107 1,107 362 205 384 Q 33 331 18 10.9

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,276 2,276 60 1,162 753 2 393 507 19 10.1

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 394 394 10 209 114 Q 170 Q Q 21.0

 District Heat ..................................... 91 91 7 Q 14 91 Q 2 Q 22.1

 Propane ........................................... 217 217 Q 92 134 QQQQ 28.3

 Wood ............................................... 68 68 Q Q 53 QQQQ 36.9

 Any Other ......................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

Replacement Energy Source for

Primary Heating

 Electricity Only ................................. 350 350 Q 201 143 Q 17 67 Q 17.4

 Natural Gas Only ............................. 213 213 46 56 86 6 37 37 Q 20.3

 Fuel Oil Only .................................... 161 161 12 65 55 6 63 20 Q 20.5

 Propane Only ................................... 212 212 Q 107 85 Q 29 26 Q 23.1

 Any Other Single

 Energy Source ................................ 57 57 Q 33 29 QQQQ 27.2

 More than One

 Energy Source ................................ 93 93 Q 55 36 QQQQ 28.3

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 653 25 QQQQQQQ 25.9

 1 to 50 .............................................. 688 688 74 241 352 4 47 96 Q 14.2

 51 to 99 ............................................ 618 618 68 267 210 9 93 166 Q 12.6

 100 ................................................... 2,846 2,846 307 1,184 902 80 484 608 36 7.4

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 449 449 449 60 100 8 21 40 Q 16.0

 Furnaces .......................................... 1,692 1,692 60 1,692 428 Q 84 62 Q 9.9

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 1,464 100 428 1,464 14 128 158 12 10.4

 District Heat ..................................... 93 93 8 Q 14 93 Q 2 Q 21.5

 Boilers .............................................. 624 624 21 84 128 Q 624 44 4 10.7

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 870 870 40 62 158 2 44 870 Q 15.5

 Other ................................................ 42 42 Q Q 12 Q 4 Q 42 29.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 191
Table A47. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.5 0.5 1.3 0.8 0.8 1.7 0.9 1.0 3.1

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ................. 473 473 10 56 96 47 426 23 Q 13.3

 Ducts for Heating ........................... 2,955 2,955 431 1,619 659 50 281 849 33 7.1

 Heating Only ................................ 577 577 Q 505 150 5 71 27 Q 15.9

 Heating and Cooling .................... 2,378 2,378 427 1,114 509 45 210 822 28 7.7

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used .............................. 210 210 19 74 42 13 50 83 5 14.4

 Fan Coil Units for Heating .............. 99 99 20 7 22 16 67 9 Q 19.2

 Heating Only ................................ 78 78 19 Q 19 11 52 8 Q 21.5

 Heating and Cooling .................... 21 21 Q Q 3 5 15 2 Q 31.3

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 1,464 100 428 1,464 14 128 158 12 10.4

 Other ................................................ 181 181 16 111 43 Q 48 36 Q 20.9

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 816 811 35 624 247 11 103 64 Q 15.3

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 454 453 427 66 98 8 27 40 Q 15.9

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 1,023 1,001 51 377 526 25 263 88 Q 10.9

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 28 Q Q 3 24 Q Q Q 28.5

 Central Chillers ................................ 142 141 11 15 34 14 100 24 3 16.8

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,459 1,426 57 474 338 24 182 780 16 9.7

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 179 172 Q 69 75 Q 19 38 Q 34.0

 Other ................................................ 8 8 QQQQQQQ 84.4

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 3,343 3,164 393 1,323 1,057 65 487 692 33 7.2

 Wall Insulation ................................. 2,320 2,206 304 946 744 39 269 484 29 8.6

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 1,680 1,642 195 776 513 37 354 278 14 9.2

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ................................ 1,068 1,018 152 415 272 22 144 316 13 10.0

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ...................................... 1,853 1,804 253 727 527 47 292 475 23 8.6

 Windows that Open ......................... 2,119 1,932 183 804 732 57 390 268 16 9.6

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 250 249 19 75 64 19 65 83 5 13.5

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 414 408 76 112 121 26 99 123 13 12.6

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 2,503 2,473 292 995 698 84 484 580 23 7.4

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 3,400 3,400 335 1,437 1,187 61 477 721 30 7.2

 Cooling ............................................. 2,872 2,821 328 1,191 881 59 388 712 27 7.4

 Hot Water ......................................... 578 557 64 199 154 13 127 131 Q 13.6

 Lighting ............................................ 4,089 3,768 392 1,575 1,289 73 546 795 36 7.0

 Other ................................................ 547 523 43 215 200 6 88 122 Q 17.1

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

192 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A48. Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.6 0.6 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.5 0.9 1.0 2.5

All Buildings ..................................... 67,876 61,996 8,269 16,909 22,380 5,225 20,664 16,000 903 6.8

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 7,327 6,210 542 2,780 2,291 56 511 1,116 74 10.8

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 7,199 6,533 899 2,816 2,153 73 1,100 1,415 Q 9.7

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 10,375 9,424 1,159 3,131 3,305 443 2,210 2,667 Q 9.3

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 10,069 9,132 1,119 2,559 2,942 516 3,351 2,168 Q 13.0

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 8,062 7,622 932 1,352 2,681 624 3,037 2,509 Q 12.2

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 9,678 8,730 1,433 1,860 2,793 777 3,879 2,126 Q 15.9

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 7,889 7,470 1,012 1,075 2,934 1,521 3,477 1,603 Q 18.6

 Over 500,000 ................................... 7,278 6,876 1,172 1,337 3,281 1,215 3,098 2,396 Q 30.3

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 8,470 8,379 609 973 1,922 641 5,430 1,725 Q 15.1

 Food Sales ....................................... 757 723 Q 228 305 Q Q 231 Q 27.0

 Food Service ................................... 1,491 1,435 Q 539 260 Q 343 507 Q 17.6

 Health Care ...................................... 1,763 1,746 362 129 360 403 1,034 395 Q 19.1

 Lodging ............................................ 2,891 2,870 696 409 1,068 580 912 733 Q 22.8

 Mercantile and Service .................... 12,402 11,835 1,501 4,948 4,860 148 2,105 4,219 Q 16.2

 Office ............................................... 12,319 12,255 1,937 2,490 3,582 1,706 4,393 2,979 267 11.0

 Parking Garage ................................ 1,652 1,165 Q Q 718 QQQQ 51.1

 Public Assembly .............................. 4,556 4,470 516 910 1,197 348 2,076 702 Q 24.5

 Public Order and Safety ................... 820 820 Q 252 249 Q 398 Q Q 41.0

 Religious Worship ............................ 3,747 3,737 368 1,909 1,184 Q 1,294 536 Q 21.0

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 11,484 8,800 1,633 2,953 4,878 Q 1,624 3,001 Q 17.1

 Other ................................................ 1,130 1,025 Q 254 453 326 321 381 Q 28.0

 Vacant .............................................. 4,396 2,738 248 754 1,344 393 451 450 Q 28.3

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 1,721 1,637 Q 511 530 91 852 Q Q 22.1

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 3,608 3,329 Q 1,043 1,286 255 1,644 536 Q 27.0

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 8,712 7,717 619 2,659 2,345 1,125 2,541 1,271 Q 19.6

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 10,421 9,371 1,013 3,131 3,173 545 3,926 1,740 Q 14.6

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 12,612 11,548 1,055 3,367 3,862 1,363 4,027 3,226 Q 16.0

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 14,014 12,814 1,783 2,982 5,434 972 3,734 3,911 231 10.9

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 14,287 13,276 2,962 2,894 4,983 673 3,396 4,306 309 14.6

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 2,502 2,303 534 323 768 202 544 893 Q 20.5

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 13,400 12,858 1,328 3,268 4,907 1,553 6,192 2,890 180 14.4

 Midwest ............................................ 17,280 16,303 1,324 5,579 6,187 1,869 6,478 3,033 205 12.4

 South ............................................... 24,577 21,659 3,632 4,971 7,642 927 5,404 6,440 309 11.1

 West ................................................. 12,619 11,176 1,985 3,092 3,643 875 2,590 3,637 Q 13.4

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 66,549 61,971 8,269 16,909 22,369 5,225 20,664 16,000 903 6.8

 Natural Gas ...................................... 45,097 44,624 4,675 14,343 16,295 2,721 17,039 12,908 678 8.0

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 13,218 12,933 1,579 2,239 4,695 1,241 7,856 1,974 359 10.9

 District Heat ..................................... 5,339 5,324 450 Q 1,192 5,225 Q 279 Q 16.9

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 2,063 Q Q 650 1,702 Q Q Q 25.7

 Propane ........................................... 3,393 3,340 707 826 1,584 Q 1,067 855 Q 19.6

 Any Other ......................................... 1,551 1,522 Q 480 655 Q 459 Q Q 30.8

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 193
Table A48. Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.6 0.6 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.5 0.9 1.0 2.5

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 61,996 61,996 8,269 16,909 22,380 5,225 20,664 16,000 903 6.8

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 57,041 56,073 8,207 15,209 19,667 4,708 19,086 15,870 845 7.2

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 58,479 57,708 7,995 15,734 20,270 5,081 20,447 15,348 894 7.0

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 23,065 22,736 2,871 4,459 7,233 2,198 11,342 6,349 513 11.1

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 3,174 3,121 620 826 1,804 412 1,131 1,059 Q 25.4

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................... 5,623 5,218 437 1,920 1,736 513 2,118 609 Q 22.6

 5,500-7,000 HDD ........................... 18,024 17,196 1,282 5,075 6,624 1,900 7,706 3,756 277 13.8

 4,000-5,499 HDD ........................... 16,162 14,966 2,459 4,763 5,781 1,692 5,136 2,987 Q 16.5

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 15,251 13,537 2,501 3,217 4,508 560 3,341 4,836 Q 18.9

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 12,816 11,079 1,590 1,935 3,730 560 2,363 3,812 Q 18.7

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 48,585 45,520 5,863 11,739 14,669 3,669 16,840 11,586 598 7.7

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 3,873 3,303 413 1,460 1,485 Q 725 546 Q 14.5

 Metal Panels .................................... 7,392 5,682 1,182 2,246 3,203 331 740 1,149 Q 19.1

 Concrete Panels .............................. 4,961 4,663 575 1,063 1,942 699 1,379 2,009 Q 25.3

 Window Glass .................................. 2,028 1,839 202 183 788 Q 695 395 Q 27.7

 Other ................................................ 1,037 988 Q 218 292 Q 287 Q Q 37.7

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 30,257 28,271 3,873 6,443 9,232 2,346 10,393 8,536 441 9.9

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 10,570 9,764 1,068 4,091 3,083 459 2,570 1,586 Q 13.6

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 9,019 7,121 1,231 2,786 3,518 306 751 1,476 Q 15.8

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 11,702 11,541 1,385 2,476 4,653 1,470 5,013 3,518 291 14.5

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 1,998 1,863 Q 539 513 400 633 284 Q 25.0

 Concrete .......................................... 2,544 1,741 Q Q 845 Q 688 160 Q 44.3

 Other ................................................ 1,786 1,695 437 414 535 Q 616 439 Q 27.6

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 51,356 45,868 5,874 13,831 16,789 3,044 13,633 11,684 597 7.4

 26 to 50 ............................................ 11,815 11,493 2,022 2,576 3,710 1,349 4,994 3,346 Q 14.7

 51 to 75 ............................................ 3,206 3,185 293 364 1,340 473 1,498 768 Q 19.2

 76 to 100 .......................................... 1,499 1,450 80 Q 540 Q 539 201 Q 29.7

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 17,944 13,604 1,219 4,981 5,455 396 2,755 1,694 Q 16.7

 5 to 9 ................................................ 7,524 7,075 812 2,917 2,569 314 1,516 1,372 Q 11.6

 10 to 19 ............................................ 8,077 7,528 938 2,488 2,655 487 1,831 1,992 Q 13.5

 20 to 49 ............................................ 10,556 10,440 1,408 2,590 3,314 500 3,784 3,380 Q 11.4

 50 to 99 ............................................ 7,763 7,652 1,161 2,133 2,638 785 2,882 2,406 Q 17.1

 100 to 249 ........................................ 7,378 7,323 1,327 800 2,610 674 3,911 2,689 Q 19.9

 250 or More ..................................... 8,633 8,374 1,404 1,001 3,138 2,070 3,984 2,466 186 17.7

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 8,246 6,000 353 2,241 2,076 332 1,829 784 Q 18.5

 40 to 48 ............................................ 14,998 13,745 1,904 3,794 4,460 792 4,262 3,548 Q 10.2

 49 to 60 ............................................ 14,046 13,251 1,852 4,053 5,593 1,051 4,104 3,166 Q 11.1

 61 to 84 ............................................ 12,062 11,529 1,683 3,019 4,165 695 3,636 3,832 Q 14.4

 85 to 167 .......................................... 8,467 8,141 900 2,682 2,717 504 2,639 2,932 Q 18.3

 Open Continuously .......................... 10,057 9,329 1,578 1,121 3,368 1,850 4,194 1,737 Q 17.1

See footnotes at end of table.

194 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A48. Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.6 0.6 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.5 0.9 1.0 2.5

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation ..................................... 22,166 21,833 2,871 4,459 7,233 2,198 10,439 6,349 513 10.3

 Computer Room .............................. 14,199 14,170 2,290 2,291 5,158 2,070 6,599 4,384 418 12.7

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ....................................... 8,042 7,995 1,054 1,261 2,902 1,592 3,915 1,773 Q 13.7

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .................... 6,862 6,829 1,470 1,300 2,580 783 3,490 2,137 Q 14.8

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 31,564 28,365 3,949 5,908 10,324 4,403 9,877 7,405 364 11.5

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 8,395 8,088 744 1,166 2,547 4,150 2,306 1,219 Q 21.6

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 23,170 20,277 3,205 4,743 7,777 253 7,571 6,187 362 13.2

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 36,312 33,631 4,320 11,001 12,056 822 10,787 8,594 538 7.2

Space-Heating Energy Source

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 25,636 25,636 8,243 6,018 12,980 970 6,583 8,375 491 11.2

 Natural Gas ...................................... 38,524 38,524 3,651 13,797 13,980 553 15,967 11,524 549 8.9

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 7,334 7,334 602 1,746 2,099 413 5,260 627 Q 16.6

 District Heat ..................................... 5,242 5,242 443 Q 1,139 5,225 Q 279 Q 17.1

 Propane ........................................... 1,568 1,568 242 534 984 Q 219 Q Q 24.8

 Wood ............................................... 504 504 Q Q 380 QQQQ 23.8

 Any Other ......................................... 661 661 QQQQQQQ 70.4

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ......................................... 15,502 15,502 4,723 2,201 6,528 Q 2,371 4,591 363 12.6

 Natural Gas ...................................... 35,161 35,161 2,541 12,649 12,523 Q 14,727 10,609 474 9.2

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 4,415 4,415 275 1,292 1,266 Q 3,131 Q Q 19.5

 District Heat ..................................... 5,014 5,014 376 Q 1,074 4,996 Q 271 Q 18.1

 Propane ........................................... 1,101 1,101 Q 406 679 QQQQ 27.6

 Wood ............................................... 257 257 Q Q 188 QQQQ 29.8

 Any Other ......................................... 546 546 QQQQQQQ 80.5

Replacement Energy Source for

Primary Heating

 Electricity Only ................................. 2,559 2,559 Q 1,250 934 Q 398 605 Q 18.0

 Natural Gas Only ............................. 2,260 2,260 542 539 761 Q 754 250 Q 25.3

 Fuel Oil Only .................................... 5,451 5,451 589 922 1,995 546 3,844 799 Q 23.0

 Propane Only ................................... 2,174 2,174 Q 921 736 Q 439 598 Q 20.2

 Any Other Single

 Energy Source ................................ 477 477 Q 136 127 QQQQ 43.0

 More than One

 Energy Source ................................ 895 895 Q 338 344 QQQQ 29.5

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 6,211 330 QQQQQQQ 33.6

 1 to 50 .............................................. 11,195 11,195 1,611 4,139 5,663 385 1,366 2,623 Q 18.8

 51 to 99 ............................................ 10,211 10,211 1,908 2,671 3,667 815 3,551 3,519 Q 13.8

 100 ................................................... 40,260 40,260 4,750 10,099 13,049 4,024 15,747 9,857 625 7.7

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,269 8,269 8,269 1,493 2,717 443 2,267 1,908 Q 15.2

 Furnaces .......................................... 16,909 16,909 1,493 16,909 6,657 Q 1,831 2,642 Q 11.4

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 22,380 22,380 2,717 6,657 22,380 1,139 5,131 5,318 354 10.4

 District Heat ..................................... 5,225 5,225 443 Q 1,139 5,225 Q 279 Q 17.1

 Boilers .............................................. 20,664 20,664 2,267 1,831 5,131 Q 20,664 2,870 284 11.9

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 16,000 16,000 1,908 2,642 5,318 279 2,870 16,000 Q 13.7

 Other ................................................ 903 903 Q Q 354 Q 284 Q 903 25.4

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 195
Table A48. Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.6 0.6 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.5 0.9 1.0 2.5

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ................. 13,263 13,263 997 1,038 3,437 2,695 10,602 1,480 Q 13.4

 Ducts for Heating ........................... 45,422 45,422 7,892 16,427 13,853 3,141 13,713 15,774 737 7.6

 Heating Only ................................ 5,950 5,950 Q 3,651 1,958 207 2,202 Q Q 21.0

 Heating and Cooling .................... 39,472 39,472 7,774 12,776 11,895 2,935 11,511 14,932 661 7.6

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used .............................. 11,528 11,528 1,551 2,489 3,634 1,721 5,627 3,650 253 17.7

 Fan Coil Units for Heating .............. 5,474 5,474 1,364 395 1,398 1,444 3,770 1,041 Q 20.2

 Heating Only ................................ 3,569 3,569 1,179 Q 959 693 2,606 739 Q 24.8

 Heating and Cooling .................... 1,906 1,906 Q Q 439 751 1,164 302 Q 24.0

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 22,380 22,380 2,717 6,657 22,380 1,139 5,131 5,318 354 10.4

 Other ................................................ 3,310 3,310 791 1,431 1,185 245 1,716 954 Q 22.9

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 9,021 8,968 750 5,712 3,549 661 2,512 1,258 Q 13.0

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,406 8,383 7,638 1,534 2,679 414 2,467 1,944 Q 14.9

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 17,979 17,806 2,110 5,214 8,131 1,497 8,503 3,614 Q 14.5

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 2,063 Q Q 650 1,702 Q Q Q 25.7

 Central Chillers ................................ 12,991 12,606 1,395 775 3,476 1,814 8,931 1,929 387 14.7

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 27,830 27,411 2,562 7,004 9,886 1,745 7,936 13,810 385 8.9

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 2,085 2,036 374 507 815 Q 516 574 Q 29.5

 Other ................................................ 268 268 QQQQQQQ 67.3

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 50,311 48,409 7,215 13,130 17,426 3,953 17,060 12,791 827 7.2

 Wall Insulation ................................. 33,240 32,180 5,335 9,371 11,509 2,226 10,460 8,601 547 8.1

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 29,684 29,441 4,100 8,620 9,846 2,303 11,905 6,681 470 9.4

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ................................ 25,396 24,816 4,330 5,466 8,405 2,382 9,406 7,985 454 12.1

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ...................................... 34,071 33,454 5,078 8,168 11,182 2,931 12,568 9,793 675 8.4

 Windows that Open ......................... 28,937 27,381 3,310 7,507 9,247 2,724 11,218 5,341 397 9.9

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 13,970 13,969 1,594 2,503 5,083 2,115 6,575 3,651 331 16.2

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 18,313 18,231 2,637 3,395 7,069 2,285 8,524 5,409 537 12.0

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 49,173 48,460 6,442 11,789 15,970 4,984 18,475 12,488 825 7.4

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 46,248 46,248 5,587 14,148 16,889 2,830 14,367 12,862 564 7.2

 Cooling ............................................. 42,768 42,090 5,605 12,673 15,017 2,663 13,369 12,835 542 7.7

 Hot Water ......................................... 9,966 9,854 1,275 1,850 2,635 586 4,512 2,623 Q 11.9

 Lighting ............................................ 54,944 51,638 6,607 15,547 18,578 3,146 16,319 14,078 647 6.6

 Other ................................................ 7,996 7,839 754 2,412 3,427 474 2,301 2,221 Q 19.8

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

196 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A49. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.8 1.0 0.6 2.0 3.9

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 3,502 816 454 1,023 28 142 1,459 179 8 9.2

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 1,792 470 202 536 Q Q 625 110 Q 12.4

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 758 173 120 198 Q 20 347 33 Q 12.4

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 519 107 71 155 8 21 264 21 Q 14.3

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 236 44 31 73 9 29 119 8 Q 17.4

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 103 12 15 34 Q 24 58 Q Q 16.2

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 59 7 11 16 2 20 30 Q Q 17.8

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 24 3 3 7 2 9 12 Q Q 20.9

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 9 1 2 5 1 5 4 Q Q 41.0

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 251 42 34 72 9 29 106 19 Q 18.4

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 119 Q Q 26 Q Q 50 Q Q 32.6

 Food Service ................................... 260 244 36 Q 46 Q Q 160 24 Q 20.2

 Health Care ...................................... 63 59 11 13 13 Q 6 27 Q Q 33.2

 Lodging ............................................ 154 120 16 22 72 Q 7 28 Q Q 26.6

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 942 227 93 338 Q 13 360 60 Q 13.1

 Office ............................................... 749 731 223 108 126 8 43 331 12 Q 13.7

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 12 Q Q 8 Q Q 1 Q Q 64.6

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 208 39 34 76 Q 17 80 Q Q 19.0

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 47 Q Q 19 Q 5 17 Q Q 41.2

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 286 79 38 68 Q 6 121 Q Q 24.6

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 324 74 39 116 Q 3 120 Q Q 19.6

 Other ................................................ 69 44 Q Q 11 Q 3 25 Q Q 37.0

 Vacant .............................................. 319 114 30 22 32 Q 4 33 Q Q 27.3

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 119 34 Q 65 Q Q 41 Q Q 29.3

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 169 64 13 78 Q 5 41 Q Q 25.6

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 491 105 29 203 Q 12 186 28 Q 17.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 643 156 43 217 7 27 256 42 Q 16.2

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 563 135 62 172 5 36 241 40 Q 15.3

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 741 162 116 166 5 27 348 24 Q 14.6

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 682 144 157 110 Q 23 306 34 Q 15.2

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 93 17 25 12 Q 5 40 Q Q 39.2

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 521 97 43 269 2 28 208 Q Q 15.5

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 784 275 29 229 7 31 331 Q Q 17.9

 South ............................................... 1,963 1,569 363 285 433 10 58 610 39 Q 14.4

 West ................................................. 870 627 82 96 92 9 25 310 129 Q 19.1

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 3,502 816 454 1,023 28 142 1,459 179 8 9.1

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 2,263 609 140 641 15 109 1,051 134 Q 11.3

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 378 81 30 195 2 35 116 Q Q 17.8

 District Heat ..................................... 95 82 11 8 26 24 14 24 Q Q 26.0

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 28 Q Q 2 28 Q 3 Q Q 37.3

 Propane ........................................... 337 230 70 33 91 Q 4 63 Q Q 28.0

 Any Other ......................................... 163 71 Q Q 42 Q Q 13 Q Q 36.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 197
Table A49. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.8 1.0 0.6 2.0 3.9

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 3,439 811 453 1,001 28 141 1,426 172 8 9.2

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 3,502 816 454 1,023 28 142 1,459 179 8 9.2

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 3,502 3,016 716 411 855 22 136 1,304 137 8 9.4

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 663 118 80 190 8 54 345 38 Q 14.1

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 121 92 24 14 31 Q 4 40 Q Q 30.8

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................... 399 229 54 12 93 Q 11 90 Q Q 29.9

 5,500-7,000 HDD ........................... 1,134 766 224 36 279 5 40 312 33 Q 18.8

 4,000-5,499 HDD ........................... 1,077 753 198 129 257 4 29 253 Q Q 27.1

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 1,101 838 139 149 166 10 38 398 71 Q 25.7

 More than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 1,095 915 203 128 228 9 25 405 60 Q 20.9

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 3,115 2,491 552 311 683 25 115 1,109 124 Q 9.5

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 764 473 136 50 185 Q 5 145 Q Q 18.8

 Metal Panels .................................... 745 394 107 71 132 Q 5 126 25 Q 21.2

 Concrete Panels .............................. 87 71 8 13 8 2 10 43 4 Q 26.1

 Window Glass .................................. 46 38 Q Q 9 Q 6 22 Q Q 34.8

 Other ................................................ 47 35 Q Q Q Q 2 14 Q Q 48.2

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 1,642 1,319 253 165 333 11 66 642 92 Q 10.2

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 1,381 1,025 309 117 341 Q 18 344 41 Q 13.7

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 1,037 576 154 103 180 Q 13 185 32 Q 17.8

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 386 318 53 32 92 6 30 174 9 Q 17.0

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 155 113 22 Q 33 Q 7 46 Q Q 28.2

 Concrete .......................................... 37 27 Q Q 5 Q Q 12 Q Q 66.6

 Other ................................................ 167 124 20 15 38 Q 5 57 Q Q 34.0

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 4,193 2,987 717 397 885 21 96 1,191 154 Q 9.7

 26 to 50 ............................................ 490 410 84 45 110 6 32 214 20 Q 14.9

 51 to 75 ............................................ 94 80 12 9 22 Q 8 46 Q Q 31.6

 76 to 100 .......................................... 29 25 Q Q Q Q 6 8 Q Q 40.6

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 1,623 380 202 574 Q 24 512 83 Q 13.8

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 781 208 92 194 Q 9 351 52 Q 13.5

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 502 130 61 121 10 15 263 22 Q 15.9

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 384 75 65 85 5 33 205 12 Q 14.7

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 118 14 16 32 3 24 77 Q Q 18.7

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 63 8 11 12 2 19 34 Q Q 18.8

 250 or More ..................................... 31 31 2 6 5 3 18 16 Q Q 19.6

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 513 139 50 156 Q 13 188 Q Q 19.8

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 1,007 268 151 286 8 42 381 55 Q 13.0

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 786 189 103 241 4 20 313 43 Q 13.1

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 528 104 57 151 4 30 259 15 Q 14.2

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 405 73 49 82 Q 15 216 37 Q 16.7

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 262 43 44 108 5 21 101 8 Q 17.5

See footnotes at end of table.

198 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A49. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.8 1.0 0.6 2.0 3.9

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation ..................................... 735 661 118 80 188 8 52 345 38 Q 14.1

 Computer Room .............................. 223 223 43 25 70 5 37 127 5 Q 17.9

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ....................................... 236 215 37 28 54 3 25 112 15 Q 19.3

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .................... 203 164 28 20 57 2 16 84 15 Q 18.8

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 1,667 1,090 215 164 300 27 71 434 61 Q 12.6

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 223 174 32 29 47 27 25 51 Q Q 23.2

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 1,444 916 184 135 253 Q 46 383 56 Q 13.8

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 3,139 2,412 601 290 723 Q 71 1,025 117 Q 9.5

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 3,404 3,404 783 449 1,015 11 137 1,419 178 7 9.9

 Natural Gas ...................................... 106 106 48 8 16 Q 8 52 Q Q 28.6

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 28 Q Q 2 28 Q 3 Q Q 37.3

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 1,304 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 14.1

 1 to 50 .............................................. 1,176 1,176 259 111 568 Q 20 346 57 Q 12.4

 51 to 99 ............................................ 658 658 168 79 191 6 46 317 31 Q 13.9

 100 ................................................... 1,668 1,668 389 263 265 20 76 796 91 Q 11.9

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 449 443 35 427 51 Q 11 57 Q Q 19.6

 Furnaces .......................................... 1,692 1,391 624 66 377 Q 15 474 69 Q 13.3

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 1,081 247 98 526 3 34 338 75 Q 12.7

 District Heat ..................................... 93 80 11 8 25 24 14 24 Q Q 26.3

 Boilers .............................................. 624 509 103 27 263 Q 100 182 19 Q 12.4

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 870 855 64 40 88 Q 24 780 38 Q 17.2

 Other ................................................ 42 36 Q Q Q Q 3 16 Q Q 50.7

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 816 816 816 30 142 Q 7 61 Q Q 17.8

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 454 454 30 454 48 Q 9 54 Q Q 20.8

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 1,023 1,023 142 48 1,023 2 35 158 17 Q 14.1

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 28 Q Q 2 28 Q 3 Q Q 37.3

 Central Chillers ................................ 142 142 7 9 35 Q 142 40 4 Q 20.3

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,459 1,459 61 54 158 3 40 1,459 38 Q 14.3

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 179 179 Q Q 17 Q 4 38 179 Q 35.3

 Other ................................................ 8 8 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 8 49.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 199
Table A49. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.8 1.0 0.6 2.0 3.9

Cooling Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Ducts for Cooling ............................. 2,733 2,733 798 444 324 25 124 1,450 144 8 9.6

 Cooling Only .................................. 355 355 102 11 88 5 31 189 47 Q 18.8

 Heating and Cooling ...................... 2,378 2,378 696 433 236 21 93 1,261 98 Q 10.0

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used ................................ 221 221 43 20 26 12 38 139 5 Q 18.0

 Fan Coil Units for Cooling ................ 56 56 Q 2 16 5 36 14 15 Q 28.1

 Cooling Only .................................. 35 35 Q Q 12 Q 19 10 14 Q 40.5

 Heating and Cooling ...................... 21 21 Q Q 4 3 16 4 Q Q 33.3

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 1,023 1,023 142 48 1,023 2 35 158 17 Q 14.1

 Other ................................................ 111 111 32 27 22 Q 9 37 50 Q 29.8

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 3,343 2,727 664 399 719 23 118 1,165 128 Q 9.5

 Wall Insulation ................................. 2,320 1,908 487 310 455 11 77 805 80 Q 11.4

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 1,680 1,405 390 197 393 8 72 575 38 Q 12.3

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ................................ 1,068 977 237 150 164 12 60 491 62 Q 12.9

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ...................................... 1,853 1,705 431 254 424 17 94 751 91 Q 11.6

 Windows that Open ......................... 2,119 1,515 377 186 584 15 73 499 70 Q 12.4

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 250 235 47 20 35 12 39 140 5 Q 17.2

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 414 414 55 76 74 11 62 226 20 Q 16.6

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 2,503 2,176 490 294 559 28 127 992 104 Q 10.2

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 3,400 2,804 673 337 787 20 103 1,178 149 Q 9.8

 Cooling ............................................. 2,872 2,872 687 334 825 20 106 1,214 152 Q 9.7

 Hot Water ......................................... 578 445 86 63 123 4 28 187 23 Q 17.7

 Lighting ............................................ 4,089 3,168 757 397 899 23 118 1,331 167 8 9.5

 Other ................................................ 547 446 98 43 138 Q 16 195 27 Q 19.9

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

200 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A50. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.0 0.6 1.9 3.7

All Buildings ..................................... 67,876 57,041 9,021 8,406 17,979 2,066 12,991 27,830 2,085 268 9.0

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 7,327 4,994 1,313 549 1,516 Q Q 1,750 316 Q 12.6

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 7,199 5,601 1,268 902 1,470 Q 157 2,550 250 Q 12.1

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 10,375 8,364 1,716 1,152 2,370 115 357 4,319 331 Q 13.9

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 10,069 8,435 1,528 1,181 2,604 311 1,088 4,245 304 Q 17.4

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 8,062 7,185 810 1,032 2,390 Q 1,651 4,040 Q Q 15.5

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 9,678 8,072 913 1,511 2,167 252 2,752 4,172 Q Q 17.4

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 7,889 7,217 851 889 2,082 737 3,072 3,678 Q Q 21.0

 Over 500,000 ................................... 7,278 7,174 622 1,191 3,381 515 3,869 3,075 Q Q 33.3

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 8,470 7,389 900 618 3,182 253 2,243 3,067 185 Q 17.6

 Food Sales ....................................... 757 725 Q Q 148 Q Q 386 Q Q 32.8

 Food Service ................................... 1,491 1,449 160 Q 327 Q Q 994 66 Q 21.1

 Health Care ...................................... 1,763 1,747 163 407 652 227 1,141 938 Q Q 22.1

 Lodging ............................................ 2,891 2,493 325 668 1,310 Q 629 906 Q Q 29.6

 Mercantile and Service .................... 12,402 10,874 1,679 1,572 3,109 Q 1,188 5,676 605 Q 18.1

 Office ............................................... 12,319 12,198 1,999 1,924 1,855 659 4,345 6,506 402 Q 14.8

 Parking Garage ................................ 1,652 922 Q Q Q Q Q 256 Q Q 71.1

 Public Assembly .............................. 4,556 4,077 465 494 Q Q Q 1,533 Q Q 35.4

 Public Order and Safety ................... 820 741 Q Q 283 Q 306 352 Q Q 49.8

 Religious Worship ............................ 3,747 3,121 804 405 1,021 Q Q 1,460 Q Q 26.4

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 11,484 7,885 1,412 1,686 2,844 Q 421 3,888 410 Q 21.4

 Other ................................................ 1,130 1,040 Q Q 264 Q 216 619 Q Q 31.4

 Vacant .............................................. 4,396 2,382 487 274 877 Q 500 1,249 Q Q 38.4

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 1,721 1,307 232 Q 702 Q Q 643 Q Q 29.5

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 3,608 2,759 702 193 1,675 Q 242 1,272 Q Q 33.4

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 8,712 6,586 1,441 672 3,223 Q 847 2,905 186 Q 21.6

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 10,421 8,260 1,770 963 3,183 241 1,551 3,537 285 Q 17.8

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 12,612 10,601 1,528 1,170 3,603 376 3,032 5,411 510 Q 16.8

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 14,014 12,286 1,800 1,807 2,586 632 3,306 6,494 386 Q 15.2

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 14,287 12,985 1,357 2,921 2,900 243 3,228 6,338 549 Q 20.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 2,502 2,258 190 562 108 164 571 1,230 Q Q 26.0

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 13,400 11,158 1,508 1,286 5,806 302 2,519 5,879 Q Q 18.7

 Midwest ............................................ 17,280 14,383 2,968 1,416 4,723 684 3,163 6,564 Q Q 16.3

 South ............................................... 24,577 21,205 3,455 3,745 5,683 659 4,854 10,058 335 Q 15.0

 West ................................................. 12,619 10,296 1,091 1,959 1,767 421 2,456 5,329 1,546 Q 15.7

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 66,549 57,041 9,021 8,406 17,979 2,066 12,991 27,830 2,085 268 9.0

 Natural Gas ...................................... 45,097 41,423 7,449 4,872 13,165 1,109 9,868 22,082 1,404 211 10.0

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 13,218 12,081 1,487 1,643 4,010 588 5,753 6,004 326 Q 15.2

 District Heat ..................................... 5,339 4,786 661 456 1,557 1,737 1,821 1,805 Q Q 22.4

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 2,066 Q Q 225 2,066 Q 628 Q Q 31.8

 Propane ........................................... 3,393 2,837 713 710 979 Q 453 1,372 Q Q 26.0

 Any Other ......................................... 1,551 1,117 Q Q 602 Q Q 237 Q Q 49.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 201
Table A50. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.0 0.6 1.9 3.7

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 61,996 56,073 8,968 8,383 17,806 2,063 12,606 27,411 2,036 268 9.1

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 57,041 57,041 9,021 8,406 17,979 2,066 12,991 27,830 2,085 268 9.1

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 58,479 53,839 8,471 8,100 16,976 1,978 12,779 26,570 1,865 268 9.3

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 23,065 22,003 2,553 2,991 7,650 920 8,725 10,900 755 Q 14.0

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 3,174 2,870 601 689 1,268 Q 513 1,494 Q Q 30.4

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................... 5,623 4,267 804 487 1,572 Q 843 1,779 Q Q 29.2

 5,500-7,000 HDD ........................... 18,024 14,977 2,889 1,393 5,670 574 3,647 7,396 477 Q 18.3

 4,000-5,499 HDD ........................... 16,162 13,549 2,037 2,425 5,140 526 2,771 6,302 Q Q 20.0

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 15,251 12,870 1,492 2,565 2,446 437 3,180 6,966 532 Q 22.1

 More than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 12,816 11,379 1,798 1,536 3,151 467 2,550 5,386 753 Q 23.0

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 48,585 42,084 6,291 6,068 14,229 1,630 9,400 21,081 1,323 Q 10.6

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 3,873 2,625 594 433 981 Q 170 1,095 Q Q 18.3

 Metal Panels .................................... 7,392 4,854 1,384 1,167 1,430 Q 234 1,862 289 Q 21.4

 Concrete Panels .............................. 4,961 4,563 453 550 956 221 1,579 2,328 350 Q 26.4

 Window Glass .................................. 2,028 1,978 Q 145 305 Q 1,259 897 Q Q 31.5

 Other ................................................ 1,037 938 Q Q Q Q 350 568 Q Q 47.7

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 30,257 26,404 3,631 3,998 8,114 969 6,838 14,295 1,342 Q 13.2

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 10,570 8,606 2,080 1,087 2,990 Q 951 3,529 252 Q 16.8

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 9,019 6,077 1,623 1,157 1,594 Q 441 2,331 252 Q 18.5

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 11,702 10,893 1,045 1,397 3,175 626 3,687 5,666 185 Q 16.6

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 1,998 1,608 193 Q 743 Q 118 657 Q Q 30.4

 Concrete .......................................... 2,544 1,909 Q 78 830 Q 676 692 Q Q 47.0

 Other ................................................ 1,786 1,544 190 451 533 Q 280 660 Q Q 32.4

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 51,356 41,691 6,884 5,929 12,874 1,317 7,610 20,356 1,737 Q 10.3

 26 to 50 ............................................ 11,815 10,873 1,669 2,132 4,006 503 3,184 5,193 255 Q 16.6

 51 to 75 ............................................ 3,206 3,031 409 291 925 Q 1,311 1,639 Q Q 23.3

 76 to 100 .......................................... 1,499 1,447 Q 53 Q Q 886 643 Q Q 35.9

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 17,944 10,719 2,114 1,272 4,095 Q Q 3,619 368 Q 19.1

 5 to 9 ................................................ 7,524 6,249 1,399 818 2,143 Q 182 2,612 239 Q 14.5

 10 to 19 ............................................ 8,077 6,954 1,546 898 2,301 193 355 3,389 296 Q 17.5

 20 to 49 ............................................ 10,556 9,990 1,596 1,454 2,807 191 1,320 5,525 374 Q 15.0

 50 to 99 ............................................ 7,763 7,313 861 1,140 2,678 327 1,730 4,500 Q Q 20.9

 100 to 249 ........................................ 7,378 7,195 594 1,405 1,950 192 2,688 3,770 Q Q 21.6

 250 or More ..................................... 8,633 8,621 910 1,420 2,004 868 5,397 4,414 Q Q 18.3

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 8,246 4,632 912 374 1,767 Q 374 2,088 Q Q 24.5

 40 to 48 ............................................ 14,998 12,558 2,481 1,916 3,649 312 2,013 5,989 494 Q 13.9

 49 to 60 ............................................ 14,046 12,218 2,250 1,757 3,303 357 2,143 5,784 582 Q 15.1

 61 to 84 ............................................ 12,062 11,158 1,329 1,810 2,838 178 3,212 5,879 287 Q 16.8

 85 to 167 .......................................... 8,467 7,742 1,002 945 2,054 278 1,358 4,224 297 Q 20.1

 Open Continuously .......................... 10,057 8,733 1,046 1,604 4,368 724 3,891 3,866 309 Q 21.9

See footnotes at end of table.

202 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A50. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.0 0.6 1.9 3.7

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation ..................................... 22,166 21,096 2,553 2,991 6,750 920 7,823 10,896 755 Q 12.1

 Computer Room .............................. 14,199 14,199 1,762 2,355 4,361 839 5,942 8,419 482 Q 15.4

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ....................................... 8,042 7,744 975 1,101 2,339 500 3,247 4,013 343 Q 17.2

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .................... 6,862 6,546 911 1,392 2,338 416 2,261 3,496 213 Q 18.7

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 31,564 26,158 3,469 3,926 8,488 1,784 7,722 11,757 1,057 Q 13.3

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 8,395 7,402 972 807 2,487 1,710 2,844 2,475 Q Q 20.4

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 23,170 18,756 2,497 3,119 6,001 Q 4,879 9,282 781 Q 15.6

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 36,312 30,883 5,551 4,480 9,492 Q 5,268 16,073 1,028 Q 8.9

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 54,628 54,628 8,761 8,388 17,734 842 12,500 26,928 2,063 255 9.6

 Natural Gas ...................................... 1,906 1,906 465 175 420 Q 783 1,047 Q Q 30.7

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 2,066 Q Q 225 2,066 Q 628 Q Q 31.8

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 10,835 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 16.0

 1 to 50 .............................................. 21,715 21,715 4,166 3,024 10,452 Q 1,752 9,007 659 Q 14.1

 51 to 99 ............................................ 13,872 13,872 1,961 1,832 3,767 702 4,712 7,824 652 Q 13.6

 100 ................................................... 21,454 21,454 2,894 3,550 3,761 988 6,527 10,999 774 Q 14.4

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,269 8,207 750 7,638 2,110 Q 1,395 2,562 374 Q 18.3

 Furnaces .......................................... 16,909 15,209 5,712 1,534 5,214 Q 775 7,004 507 Q 13.6

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 22,380 19,667 3,549 2,679 8,131 650 3,476 9,886 815 Q 12.6

 District Heat ..................................... 5,225 4,708 661 414 1,497 1,702 1,814 1,745 Q Q 22.8

 Boilers .............................................. 20,664 19,086 2,512 2,467 8,503 Q 8,931 7,936 516 Q 14.5

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 16,000 15,870 1,258 1,944 3,614 Q 1,929 13,810 574 Q 15.0

 Other ................................................ 903 845 Q Q Q Q 387 385 Q Q 39.3

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 9,021 9,021 9,021 748 2,756 Q 1,134 1,979 Q Q 15.4

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,406 8,406 748 8,406 2,078 Q 1,308 2,579 381 Q 17.8

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 17,979 17,979 2,756 2,078 17,979 225 3,468 5,856 333 Q 18.1

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 2,066 Q Q 225 2,066 Q 628 Q Q 31.8

 Central Chillers ................................ 12,991 12,991 1,134 1,308 3,468 Q 12,991 4,608 352 Q 20.3

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 27,830 27,830 1,979 2,579 5,856 628 4,608 27,830 746 Q 12.3

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 2,085 2,085 Q 381 333 Q 352 746 2,085 Q 32.3

 Other ................................................ 268 268 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 268 40.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 203
Table A50. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.0 0.6 1.9 3.7

Cooling Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Ducts for Cooling ............................. 47,755 47,755 8,883 8,263 10,414 1,785 11,840 27,614 1,862 267 9.7

 Cooling Only .................................. 8,283 8,283 1,363 378 2,364 389 2,855 5,213 349 Q 17.7

 Heating and Cooling ...................... 39,472 39,472 7,520 7,885 8,050 1,396 8,985 22,401 1,513 Q 10.4

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used ................................ 12,430 12,430 1,581 1,606 2,799 904 6,640 6,568 283 Q 20.7

 Fan Coil Units for Cooling ................ 3,875 3,875 449 356 919 767 2,968 1,510 251 Q 25.8

 Cooling Only .................................. 1,969 1,969 Q Q 448 Q 1,529 810 208 Q 36.5

 Heating and Cooling ...................... 1,906 1,906 Q Q 471 459 1,439 700 Q Q 25.5

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 17,979 17,979 2,756 2,078 17,979 225 3,468 5,856 333 Q 18.1

 Other ................................................ 2,919 2,919 531 911 725 Q 1,237 1,688 536 Q 30.1

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 50,311 45,186 7,175 7,372 13,734 1,616 11,124 21,969 1,747 231 9.8

 Wall Insulation ................................. 33,240 30,278 5,004 5,354 7,885 994 7,938 14,852 1,133 Q 11.8

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 29,684 27,331 4,497 4,133 8,563 808 7,663 13,555 650 Q 12.8

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ................................ 25,396 24,350 3,245 4,225 5,521 1,103 8,081 12,481 1,087 Q 14.7

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ...................................... 34,071 32,198 5,114 5,234 9,117 1,239 9,189 16,949 1,256 Q 11.5

 Windows that Open ......................... 28,937 23,966 4,487 3,471 10,572 1,042 4,967 10,421 644 Q 11.7

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 13,970 13,727 1,623 1,606 3,768 916 6,914 6,603 283 Q 19.9

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 18,313 18,313 1,832 2,627 4,869 1,110 8,255 9,808 695 Q 15.9

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 49,173 45,836 6,637 6,524 13,562 2,058 12,480 22,979 1,646 168 9.7

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 46,248 41,926 7,011 5,753 11,708 1,058 7,870 20,867 1,614 Q 8.9

 Cooling ............................................. 42,768 42,768 7,147 5,822 12,112 1,061 8,233 21,335 1,639 Q 8.8

 Hot Water ......................................... 9,966 8,831 1,126 1,330 2,306 326 2,525 4,190 253 Q 15.7

 Lighting ............................................ 54,944 47,342 7,900 6,732 13,493 1,149 8,883 23,440 1,758 237 8.7

 Other ................................................ 7,996 7,291 1,102 773 2,177 Q 1,575 3,983 Q Q 22.5

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

204 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A51. Refrigeration Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Refrigeration Equipment Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings Walk-in

Cases and Cabinets

Type

Any Open Closed Unspecified

0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.9 0.9 1.9

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 974 591 786 99 774 72 6.3

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 500 300 416 51 410 30 10.2

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 155 97 121 Q 121 18 12.2

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 139 75 106 15 103 15 11.4

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 79 46 59 Q 58 6 14.0

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 49 32 40 5 39 Q 12.3

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 30 22 24 5 24 Q 12.5

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 16 14 13 2 13 Q 15.3

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 7 6 6 1 6 Q 34.9

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 89 43 66 3 64 10 12.8

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 127 91 127 38 126 Q 16.9

 Food Service ................................. 260 246 209 213 Q 210 Q 10.6

 Health Care .................................... 63 10 5 9 Q 9 Q 29.1

 Lodging .......................................... 154 42 22 35 Q 35 Q 21.5

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 223 124 176 29 173 Q 11.5

 Office .............................................. 749 40 16 32 2 32 Q 17.2

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 Q Q Q Q Q Q 46.4

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 84 33 56 Q 55 Q 16.4

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q Q Q Q Q Q 36.6

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 28 Q 17 Q 17 Q 24.3

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 47 30 25 Q 25 Q 24.2

 Other .............................................. 69 7 5 6 Q 6 Q 40.6

 Vacant ............................................ 319 22 9 20 Q 20 Q 33.5

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 40 26 35 Q 35 Q 22.2

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 55 30 47 Q 47 Q 19.3

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 127 75 108 Q 107 Q 15.0

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 180 91 142 13 140 17 11.8

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 173 105 139 22 133 14 13.1

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 206 143 161 30 158 15 12.0

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 168 113 136 22 135 11 11.9

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 24 9 19 1 19 Q 31.2

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 176 109 150 16 149 12 11.9

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 256 164 212 21 211 12 12.9

 South .............................................. 1,963 358 207 276 41 268 38 11.7

 West ............................................... 870 183 111 148 21 146 9 16.7

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 970 591 783 99 771 72 6.3

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 683 417 551 69 544 53 7.8

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 112 64 91 7 90 7 16.9

 District Heat .................................... 95 20 13 15 Q 15 Q 23.9

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 9 6 7 Q 6 Q 40.5

 Propane .......................................... 337 93 59 73 Q 72 Q 22.1

 Any Other ....................................... 163 16 6 15 Q 15 Q 33.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 205
Table A51. Refrigeration Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Refrigeration Equipment Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings Walk-in

Cases and Cabinets

Type

Any Open Closed Unspecified

0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.9 0.9 1.9

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 926 566 752 95 740 70 6.2

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 862 544 699 96 687 67 6.5

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 918 569 744 97 732 66 6.6

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 591 422 498 63 489 32 7.2

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 14 8 12 Q 12 Q 35.1

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 414 219 342 32 337 32 11.1

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 198 133 158 21 156 Q 10.8

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 147 97 111 19 110 Q 12.7

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 119 74 99 14 96 8 12.0

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 47 29 38 4 37 Q 13.4

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 29 24 24 6 23 Q 12.9

 250 or More .................................... 31 19 14 16 3 16 Q 13.0

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 82 22 59 Q 59 Q 17.1

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 118 55 80 7 76 15 15.8

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 127 61 93 4 92 13 14.2

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 214 139 176 28 175 11 10.4

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 319 240 281 45 277 Q 10.4

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 113 75 97 13 95 Q 13.5

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ....... 735 591 422 497 63 488 32 7.1

 Computer Room ............................. 223 63 40 53 6 51 3 12.7

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ...... 236 90 60 79 16 76 Q 14.5

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ................................... 203 106 68 82 9 79 Q 14.5

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ........... 1,667 234 132 169 15 164 26 9.7

 with Central Physical Plant ........... 223 38 23 29 1 28 Q 21.3

 No Central Physical Plant ............ 1,444 196 110 140 14 135 22 11.4

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ........... 3,139 740 459 618 84 611 46 7.6

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

206 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A52. Refrigeration Equipment, Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Refrigeration Equipment Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings Walk-in

Cases and Cabinets

Type

Any Open Closed Unspecified

0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.8 0.9 2.0

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 25,414 18,680 20,995 3,846 20,477 1,082 7.9

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 1,421 865 1,159 144 1,139 96 10.5

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 1,153 695 896 Q 896 135 12.3

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 2,246 1,245 1,717 268 1,662 239 10.8

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 2,925 1,683 2,177 Q 2,135 221 14.3

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 3,440 2,227 2,794 400 2,709 Q 12.1

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 4,141 3,137 3,355 682 3,302 Q 12.7

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 4,906 4,230 4,132 709 4,000 Q 15.6

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 5,181 4,599 4,765 1,360 4,633 Q 27.8

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 5,636 4,169 4,414 288 4,249 192 14.0

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 753 644 753 351 715 Q 18.2

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 1,446 1,335 1,325 Q 1,313 Q 13.2

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 1,333 1,191 1,179 Q 1,176 Q 16.9

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 1,754 1,332 1,568 Q 1,568 Q 22.1

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 4,721 3,710 4,286 2,179 4,209 Q 18.6

 Office .............................................. 12,319 3,637 2,517 2,983 529 2,903 Q 12.9

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 Q Q Q Q Q Q 52.3

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 2,574 Q 2,173 Q 2,155 Q 50.9

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 Q Q Q Q Q Q 45.7

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 620 Q 411 Q 411 Q 31.5

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 1,372 943 624 Q 624 Q 21.7

 Other .............................................. 1,130 369 211 329 Q 314 Q 35.0

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 828 424 Q Q 592 Q 45.9

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 471 297 407 Q 407 Q 20.7

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 1,373 662 1,222 Q 1,222 Q 30.9

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 2,600 1,741 2,245 Q 2,029 Q 17.2

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 3,252 2,061 2,565 266 2,524 242 12.4

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 5,346 4,015 4,280 1,060 4,166 239 17.1

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 5,627 4,707 4,507 787 4,471 170 13.2

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 5,738 4,441 4,889 1,006 4,807 206 19.1

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 1,006 755 879 221 852 Q 22.3

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 6,350 4,873 5,216 1,293 5,071 265 14.1

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 6,572 4,779 5,431 953 5,309 310 11.7

 South .............................................. 24,577 8,299 6,056 6,722 871 6,588 404 15.4

 West ............................................... 12,619 4,192 2,971 3,626 729 3,509 102 14.4

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 25,406 18,680 20,987 3,846 20,470 1,082 7.9

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 20,308 14,900 16,781 3,356 16,350 790 7.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 7,895 6,473 6,444 1,112 6,231 242 10.7

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 2,809 2,302 2,443 295 2,297 Q 18.6

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 1,143 985 1,073 Q 1,056 Q 29.9

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 1,655 1,366 1,360 Q 1,346 Q 21.5

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 421 294 386 Q 356 Q 36.0

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 207
Table A52. Refrigeration Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Refrigeration Equipment Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings Walk-in

Cases and Cabinets

Type

Any Open Closed Unspecified

0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.8 0.9 2.0

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 24,956 18,328 20,606 3,607 20,089 1,074 8.0

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 24,152 18,129 20,101 3,806 19,602 979 8.3

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 25,090 18,523 20,802 3,836 20,284 1,053 8.1

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 20,594 16,061 17,880 3,420 17,550 549 10.0

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 790 464 643 Q 513 Q 27.0

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 17,944 3,090 Q 2,553 148 2,542 303 29.4

 5 to 9 .............................................. 7,524 1,719 928 1,254 168 1,232 Q 14.3

 10 to 19 .......................................... 8,077 2,214 1,237 1,717 156 1,699 Q 14.6

 20 to 49 .......................................... 10,556 3,701 2,383 2,943 402 2,835 156 13.1

 50 to 99 .......................................... 7,763 3,730 2,481 3,082 294 3,064 Q 14.9

 100 to 249 ...................................... 7,378 4,341 3,912 3,645 789 3,490 Q 16.5

 250 or More .................................... 8,633 6,618 5,600 5,801 1,890 5,615 Q 14.5

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 8,246 1,602 764 1,156 Q 1,156 Q 24.8

 40 to 48 .......................................... 14,998 3,484 2,213 2,611 268 2,477 267 13.0

 49 to 60 .......................................... 14,046 3,650 2,507 2,998 275 2,950 132 13.6

 61 to 84 .......................................... 12,062 5,575 3,974 4,707 1,325 4,607 158 13.6

 85 to 167 ........................................ 8,467 5,391 4,336 4,629 1,386 4,580 Q 16.7

 Open Continuously ......................... 10,057 5,713 4,887 4,894 559 4,708 Q 21.7

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ....... 22,166 19,699 15,165 16,981 3,420 16,651 549 8.4

 Computer Room ............................. 14,199 7,860 6,090 6,429 1,095 6,160 219 10.7

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ...... 8,042 4,855 3,868 4,199 670 3,937 Q 12.6

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ................................... 6,862 5,393 4,509 4,590 882 4,467 Q 13.9

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ........... 31,564 12,528 10,009 10,872 2,119 10,462 388 13.4

 with Central Physical Plant ........... 8,395 4,042 3,309 3,702 811 3,530 Q 19.3

 No Central Physical Plant ............ 23,170 8,486 6,700 7,171 1,309 6,932 310 16.1

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ........... 36,312 12,886 8,670 10,122 1,727 10,015 694 7.2

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

208 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A53. Water-Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

With

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Centralized System Distributed System

Total

with

SelfHeating

Storage

Tank

with

Tank

Heated by

SpaceHeating

Equipment Other Total

ResidentialType

Storage

System

Pointof-Use

Heaters Other

0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.8 1.6 0.8 0.8 2.0 2.1

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 3,502 1,994 1,799 103 106 1,557 1,489 56 24 7.8

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 1,733 1,020 961 28 35 721 699 Q Q 12.4

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 787 453 400 36 Q 350 336 13 Q 10.0

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 539 285 255 13 19 264 254 9 Q 12.4

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 240 126 102 11 13 118 109 Q Q 13.2

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 108 61 48 5 9 53 49 Q Q 13.5

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 62 29 20 5 4 34 30 3 Q 16.5

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 25 16 9 3 4 10 8 2 1 18.6

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 9 5 Q 1 1 6 4 Q (*) 29.7

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 230 140 122 8 13 95 88 Q Q 15.6

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 124 68 61 Q Q 56 55 Q Q 25.0

 Food Service ................................... 260 259 174 162 Q Q 90 89 Q Q 16.1

 Health Care ...................................... 63 62 28 25 2 2 36 33 Q Q 26.7

 Lodging ............................................ 154 152 90 76 5 12 67 61 Q Q 20.0

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 923 517 465 32 23 414 399 14 Q 12.7

 Office ............................................... 749 705 390 348 29 14 325 312 14 4 13.3

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 13 8 6 Q Q 5 5 Q Q 57.5

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 235 153 143 5 7 86 80 Q Q 16.7

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 58 37 27 Q Q 23 19 Q Q 33.7

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 265 145 136 Q Q 124 122 Q Q 17.7

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 311 162 157 Q Q 152 149 Q Q 14.7

 Other ................................................ 69 43 29 24 Q Q 14 12 Q Q 32.5

 Vacant .............................................. 319 121 54 49 Q Q 68 66 Q Q 20.9

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 126 86 77 Q Q 44 41 Q Q 22.7

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 202 125 110 Q Q 81 79 Q Q 20.2

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 507 295 253 20 23 220 216 Q Q 13.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 638 381 348 16 19 265 255 Q Q 12.7

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 580 316 282 15 22 267 261 4 3 14.9

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 721 401 368 20 15 327 306 17 4 13.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 649 342 318 10 15 322 303 19 4 13.9

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 79 47 43 Q Q 31 27 4 Q 27.3

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 625 448 364 55 34 183 169 13 3 15.0

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 906 565 523 20 25 359 342 10 9 16.2

 South ............................................... 1,963 1,307 667 619 19 34 655 634 18 6 15.3

 West ................................................. 870 664 313 293 9 13 361 343 17 5 18.8

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 3,502 1,994 1,799 103 106 1,557 1,489 56 24 7.8

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 2,333 1,325 1,205 57 68 1,046 998 41 19 9.2

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 435 300 231 48 28 142 131 11 3 16.6

 District Heat ..................................... 95 82 57 35 7 18 26 22 1 4 20.6

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 22 17 12 Q 4 5 5 Q Q 32.5

 Propane ........................................... 337 244 146 130 Q Q 103 100 Q Q 26.0

 Any Other ......................................... 163 96 62 55 Q Q 39 38 Q Q 28.0

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 209
Table A53. Water-Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

With

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Centralized System Distributed System

Total

with

SelfHeating

Storage

Tank

with

Tank

Heated by

SpaceHeating

Equipment Other Total

ResidentialType

Storage

System

Pointof-Use

Heaters Other

0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.8 1.6 0.8 0.8 2.0 2.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 3,436 1,958 1,766 103 103 1,527 1,459 56 24 7.8

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 3,016 1,686 1,519 89 87 1,372 1,307 54 22 8.1

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 3,502 3,502 1,994 1,799 103 106 1,557 1,489 56 24 7.8

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 728 428 379 23 28 316 293 19 10 11.2

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 121 102 62 54 Q Q 43 40 Q Q 25.0

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 1,609 930 858 30 47 693 672 18 Q 12.4

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 777 448 406 28 17 340 324 Q Q 11.6

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 512 297 275 11 11 221 213 Q Q 13.6

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 384 198 168 19 13 196 183 8 8 12.6

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 126 71 58 5 10 61 56 4 Q 15.3

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 62 31 22 4 5 34 30 4 Q 15.4

 250 or More ..................................... 31 31 19 13 4 3 12 10 2 1 16.4

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 507 316 294 Q Q 196 190 Q Q 13.6

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 979 523 479 23 25 467 448 16 Q 11.6

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 764 434 389 31 14 338 329 7 4 13.3

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 518 287 267 14 11 237 225 12 2 13.6

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 435 267 228 13 25 181 173 Q Q 14.3

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 300 168 141 10 20 140 124 11 8 14.7

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation ..................................... 735 729 428 379 23 28 316 295 17 10 11.0

 Computer Room .............................. 223 211 125 95 17 15 89 78 10 Q 16.4

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ....................................... 236 219 131 107 10 15 92 85 4 4 17.1

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .................... 203 202 124 100 5 21 86 76 9 4 15.3

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 1,667 1,070 583 504 39 46 504 470 21 17 10.8

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 223 175 108 80 11 22 70 58 6 8 18.3

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 1,444 895 475 424 28 25 433 411 15 9 12.8

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 3,139 2,432 1,411 1,295 64 59 1,054 1,019 35 7 9.4

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 1,696 1,696 891 851 17 30 822 792 28 7 11.8

 Natural Gas ...................................... 1,647 1,647 961 869 42 55 719 687 26 15 10.7

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 126 126 105 56 37 15 21 18 Q Q 29.1

 District Heat ..................................... 38 38 31 15 7 12 7 Q 1 3 24.0

 Propane ........................................... 80 80 52 48 Q Q 31 31 Q Q 41.2

See footnotes at end of table.

210 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A53. Water-Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

With

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Centralized System Distributed System

Total

with

SelfHeating

Storage

Tank

with

Tank

Heated by

SpaceHeating

Equipment Other Total

ResidentialType

Storage

System

Pointof-Use

Heaters Other

0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.8 1.6 0.8 0.8 2.0 2.1

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System .......................... 1,994 1,994 1,994 1,799 103 106 50 39 10 Q 13.9

 Self-Heating Tank .......................... 1,799 1,799 1,799 1,799 7 Q 38 30 8 Q 18.3

 Heated by Space-Heating

 Equipment ..................................... 103 103 103 7 103 Q Q Q Q Q 23.7

 Other .............................................. 106 106 106 Q Q 106 9 Q Q Q 22.4

 Distributed System ........................... 1,557 1,557 50 38 Q 9 1,557 1,489 56 24 12.9

 Residential-Type Storage

 Tank .............................................. 1,489 1,489 39 30 Q Q 1,489 1,489 9 Q 15.0

 Point-of-Use Heaters ..................... 56 56 10 8 Q Q 56 9 56 Q 26.4

 Other .............................................. 24 24 Q Q Q Q 24 Q Q 24 16.4

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 3,400 2,745 1,550 1,405 84 69 1,233 1,188 42 12 8.7

 Cooling ............................................. 2,872 2,425 1,345 1,215 72 63 1,111 1,069 41 10 9.0

 Hot Water ......................................... 578 578 332 292 18 26 258 246 11 2 13.6

 Lighting ............................................ 4,089 3,125 1,788 1,623 92 82 1,379 1,327 45 16 8.3

 Other ................................................ 547 452 299 277 19 4 157 153 7 Q 19.0

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 211
Table A54. Water-Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

With

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Centralized System Distributed System

Total

with

SelfHeating

Storage

Tank

with

Tank

Heated by

SpaceHeating

Equipment Other Total

ResidentialType

Storage

System

Pointof-Use

Heaters Other

0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.7 1.3 0.8 0.8 2.3 2.0

All Buildings ..................................... 67,876 58,479 31,599 24,464 3,722 4,032 29,502 25,809 3,367 1,259 8.6

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 7,327 4,928 2,918 2,755 78 99 2,033 1,964 Q Q 12.9

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 7,199 5,834 3,337 2,968 253 Q 2,618 2,511 99 Q 9.7

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 10,375 8,724 4,638 4,143 207 335 4,252 4,071 159 Q 12.3

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 10,069 8,637 4,566 3,688 430 457 4,256 3,928 Q Q 14.0

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 8,062 7,489 4,243 3,356 326 624 3,686 3,430 Q Q 13.8

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 9,678 8,492 3,968 2,778 715 634 4,681 4,076 430 Q 15.9

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 7,889 7,466 4,725 2,643 969 1,263 3,104 2,661 468 226 18.5

 Over 500,000 ................................... 7,278 6,910 3,204 Q 745 484 4,871 3,168 Q 337 27.8

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 8,470 8,036 5,536 3,970 929 846 2,764 2,596 Q Q 14.1

 Food Sales ....................................... 757 739 413 357 Q Q 326 319 Q Q 27.3

 Food Service ................................... 1,491 1,490 983 811 Q Q 545 507 Q Q 20.2

 Health Care ...................................... 1,763 1,760 1,235 664 273 331 596 402 Q Q 22.6

 Lodging ............................................ 2,891 2,869 2,032 1,332 194 553 957 678 Q Q 21.9

 Mercantile and Service .................... 12,402 10,809 4,630 4,042 298 315 6,351 5,555 909 Q 16.5

 Office ............................................... 12,319 12,030 6,717 4,626 1,066 1,069 5,880 5,189 629 332 12.2

 Parking Garage ................................ 1,652 933 361 348 Q Q Q Q Q Q 57.8

 Public Assembly .............................. 4,556 4,346 3,056 2,677 243 255 2,404 1,370 Q Q 38.9

 Public Order and Safety ................... 820 804 626 342 Q Q 208 124 Q Q 40.4

 Religious Worship ............................ 3,747 3,384 1,790 1,518 Q Q 1,635 1,615 Q Q 21.2

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 11,484 7,887 2,753 2,569 Q Q 5,249 5,121 Q Q 17.2

 Other ................................................ 1,130 1,001 497 381 Q Q 515 493 Q Q 28.2

 Vacant .............................................. 4,396 2,391 971 828 Q Q 1,491 1,287 Q Q 33.9

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 1,721 1,457 967 745 Q Q 620 593 Q Q 25.9

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 3,608 3,126 1,880 1,463 Q Q 1,313 1,245 Q Q 29.5

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 8,712 7,004 4,074 3,088 396 661 3,078 2,949 Q Q 18.0

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 10,421 8,784 5,153 4,057 502 614 3,874 3,686 Q Q 14.4

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 12,612 11,006 5,523 3,855 1,136 667 5,627 4,867 Q 179 14.6

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 14,014 12,369 6,893 5,243 760 1,064 6,046 5,350 594 277 13.1

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 14,287 12,565 6,014 5,160 427 594 7,833 6,172 Q 362 19.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 2,502 2,167 1,095 853 Q 103 1,110 947 227 Q 21.7

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 13,400 12,410 7,854 5,376 1,478 1,217 4,792 3,825 1,043 311 13.7

 Midwest ............................................ 17,280 15,460 9,002 6,922 995 1,196 7,009 6,369 271 440 14.5

 South ............................................... 24,577 19,592 9,298 7,966 663 825 11,836 10,315 Q 299 16.0

 West ................................................. 12,619 11,017 5,445 4,200 587 793 5,866 5,299 510 209 14.6

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 66,549 58,479 31,599 24,464 3,722 4,032 29,502 25,809 3,367 1,259 8.7

 Natural Gas ...................................... 45,097 43,151 22,563 17,504 2,658 2,928 22,057 19,793 2,105 1,001 8.5

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 13,218 12,605 8,217 5,091 1,858 1,659 5,066 4,242 836 520 12.0

 District Heat ..................................... 5,339 5,177 3,840 1,555 864 1,457 1,492 1,043 283 439 19.3

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 1,978 1,654 911 210 546 364 264 Q Q 28.9

 Propane ........................................... 3,393 2,961 1,767 1,424 352 Q 1,352 1,244 Q Q 22.2

 Any Other ......................................... 1,551 1,287 735 568 Q Q 643 601 Q Q 37.5

See footnotes at end of table.

212 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A54. Water-Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

With

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Centralized System Distributed System

Total

with

SelfHeating

Storage

Tank

with

Tank

Heated by

SpaceHeating

Equipment Other Total

ResidentialType

Storage

System

Pointof-Use

Heaters Other

0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.7 1.3 0.8 0.8 2.3 2.0

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 61,996 57,708 31,163 24,052 3,722 4,007 29,166 25,478 3,364 1,259 8.7

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 57,041 53,839 28,896 22,235 3,586 3,649 27,509 23,914 3,332 1,198 9.0

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 58,479 58,479 31,599 24,464 3,722 4,032 29,502 25,809 3,367 1,259 8.7

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 23,065 22,993 13,455 9,266 2,165 2,412 11,484 8,740 2,504 802 13.1

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 3,174 2,976 1,250 1,000 Q Q 1,829 1,699 Q Q 23.2

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 17,944 11,207 6,452 5,923 239 320 5,740 4,678 Q Q 20.5

 5 to 9 ................................................ 7,524 6,432 3,656 3,111 298 275 2,890 2,780 Q Q 13.8

 10 to 19 ............................................ 8,077 7,089 3,982 3,626 148 208 3,182 3,070 Q Q 14.9

 20 to 49 ............................................ 10,556 10,215 4,868 3,821 517 574 5,571 5,154 286 232 13.5

 50 to 99 ............................................ 7,763 7,644 3,922 2,843 535 705 4,101 3,726 299 Q 16.8

 100 to 249 ........................................ 7,378 7,278 3,725 2,403 727 761 3,869 3,374 449 Q 18.7

 250 or More ..................................... 8,633 8,613 4,995 2,737 1,259 1,189 4,148 3,027 1,145 512 15.7

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 8,246 5,005 2,981 2,537 Q Q 2,117 2,031 Q Q 17.3

 40 to 48 ............................................ 14,998 12,613 6,552 5,425 646 543 6,489 6,081 422 Q 12.6

 49 to 60 ............................................ 14,046 12,405 6,404 5,035 584 833 6,263 5,964 293 146 12.1

 61 to 84 ............................................ 12,062 11,308 5,310 4,286 648 487 6,277 5,765 560 165 14.8

 85 to 167 .......................................... 8,467 8,020 4,154 2,994 504 657 4,095 3,275 Q Q 17.3

 Open Continuously .......................... 10,057 9,128 6,199 4,186 1,144 1,244 4,261 2,693 Q 492 21.6

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation ..................................... 22,166 22,095 12,560 8,370 2,165 2,412 10,582 8,737 1,605 802 10.6

 Computer Room .............................. 14,199 13,947 7,891 4,783 1,846 1,557 6,723 5,717 1,023 511 12.1

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ....................................... 8,042 7,890 5,146 3,191 1,151 962 3,115 2,667 449 363 14.4

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .................... 6,862 6,857 4,482 2,764 743 1,080 2,792 2,187 511 330 16.3

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 31,564 26,766 14,041 9,819 2,200 2,440 14,372 11,519 2,518 910 12.8

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 8,395 7,895 5,004 2,486 1,111 1,493 3,083 2,058 796 543 17.9

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 23,170 18,872 9,037 7,333 1,089 948 11,289 9,461 Q 367 15.8

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 36,312 31,713 17,559 14,645 1,522 1,591 15,130 14,289 849 350 8.6

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 25,482 25,482 11,504 10,388 514 773 15,671 14,008 Q 439 14.8

 Natural Gas ...................................... 29,962 29,962 16,228 12,906 1,706 2,130 14,816 13,174 1,467 757 9.8

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 2,470 2,470 2,127 1,062 984 257 397 273 Q Q 27.3

 District Heat ..................................... 3,308 3,308 2,889 915 841 1,170 528 155 138 257 21.4

 Propane ........................................... 659 659 467 425 Q Q 245 241 Q Q 41.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 213
Table A54. Water-Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

With

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Centralized System Distributed System

Total

with

SelfHeating

Storage

Tank

with

Tank

Heated by

SpaceHeating

Equipment Other Total

ResidentialType

Storage

System

Pointof-Use

Heaters Other

0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.7 1.3 0.8 0.8 2.3 2.0

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System .......................... 31,599 31,599 31,599 24,464 3,722 4,032 2,622 1,380 Q Q 13.0

 Self-Heating Tank .......................... 24,464 24,464 24,464 24,464 500 Q 2,314 1,186 Q Q 17.7

 Heated by Space-Heating

 Equipment ..................................... 3,722 3,722 3,722 500 3,722 Q Q Q Q Q 21.9

 Other .............................................. 4,032 4,032 4,032 Q Q 4,032 164 Q Q Q 18.3

 Distributed System ........................... 29,502 29,502 2,622 2,314 Q 164 29,502 25,809 3,367 1,259 17.0

 Residential-Type Storage

 Tank .............................................. 25,809 25,809 1,380 1,186 Q Q 25,809 25,809 727 Q 12.5

 Point-of-Use Heaters ..................... 3,367 3,367 Q Q Q Q 3,367 727 3,367 Q 37.0

 Other .............................................. 1,259 1,259 Q Q Q Q 1,259 Q Q 1,259 21.6

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 46,248 42,817 21,660 16,996 2,410 2,435 22,288 20,255 1,932 723 8.7

 Cooling ............................................. 42,768 40,185 20,206 15,694 2,303 2,379 21,047 19,122 1,849 688 8.8

 Hot Water ......................................... 9,966 9,966 5,736 4,453 604 754 4,556 4,167 332 151 12.1

 Lighting ............................................ 54,944 48,476 25,008 19,951 2,577 2,723 24,757 22,633 2,009 767 8.2

 Other ................................................ 7,996 7,424 4,100 3,368 484 264 3,618 3,312 Q Q 20.4

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

214 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A55. Lighting Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Other

0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 1.6 1.2 2.9

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 4,452 2,509 4,065 206 354 78 5.5

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 2,429 1,342 2,145 68 95 37 9.1

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 920 523 866 50 61 Q 7.9

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 618 347 591 31 66 16 8.8

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 268 167 257 24 56 Q 10.2

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 113 66 110 16 35 Q 10.4

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 70 43 64 10 22 Q 12.2

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 25 17 25 6 14 Q 12.7

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 9 5 9 2 5 Q 26.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 301 128 291 21 34 Q 12.6

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 130 51 130 Q Q Q 21.9

 Food Service ................................. 260 260 213 240 Q Q Q 12.3

 Health Care .................................... 63 63 46 60 6 5 Q 25.4

 Lodging .......................................... 154 153 142 124 21 5 Q 18.5

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 1,262 566 1,211 40 91 23 8.5

 Office .............................................. 749 749 415 727 51 38 20 10.0

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 22 7 19 Q 6 Q 39.5

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 277 198 245 18 28 Q 10.9

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 59 29 57 Q Q Q 28.3

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 366 315 289 Q 14 Q 16.1

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 628 311 509 13 90 11 11.3

 Other .............................................. 69 63 32 52 Q 12 Q 26.6

 Vacant ............................................ 319 121 58 110 Q 6 Q 17.2

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 161 136 140 Q Q Q 18.5

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 232 165 219 9 13 Q 18.2

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 659 436 588 27 37 Q 11.2

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 813 494 740 26 52 Q 10.5

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 735 399 665 36 49 Q 10.2

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 909 461 843 44 77 12 10.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 826 358 770 42 102 34 9.0

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 118 59 101 11 20 Q 21.5

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 735 435 687 57 53 Q 12.1

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 1,082 662 995 41 107 9 11.1

 South .............................................. 1,963 1,811 939 1,607 51 142 31 9.9

 West ............................................... 870 824 473 776 57 52 31 13.3

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 4,452 2,509 4,065 206 354 78 5.5

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 2,632 1,555 2,486 141 219 54 6.6

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 549 311 522 36 53 8 13.9

 District Heat .................................... 95 95 45 94 13 17 Q 16.9

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 28 14 28 2 4 Q 25.6

 Propane .......................................... 337 325 194 292 18 25 Q 19.5

 Any Other ....................................... 163 156 92 133 Q Q Q 17.9

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 4,107 2,324 3,850 202 322 72 5.6

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 3,467 1,934 3,281 179 287 67 5.7

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 3,457 2,040 3,283 186 290 67 5.7

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 730 546 694 65 72 20 8.1

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 117 63 112 8 25 Q 20.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 215
Table A55. Lighting Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Other

0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 1.6 1.2 2.9

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 3,857 2,111 3,506 163 300 68 5.9

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 478 318 444 35 46 8 9.6

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 91 64 89 6 6 Q 19.5

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 26 15 26 2 2 Q 28.0

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 2,368 1,323 2,066 79 122 31 8.3

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 895 491 848 34 62 15 8.3

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 557 339 530 25 55 Q 10.0

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 405 217 400 28 52 Q 9.6

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 130 78 126 16 34 Q 11.7

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 64 40 64 15 19 Q 12.0

 250 or More .................................... 31 31 21 31 10 9 2 11.8

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 765 496 618 13 30 Q 12.4

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 1,265 633 1,182 45 109 26 9.0

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 974 489 942 46 88 22 8.2

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 633 334 597 44 50 11 8.8

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 471 322 437 29 43 11 11.3

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 344 234 290 30 33 Q 11.7

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ....... 735 731 547 695 65 72 20 8.1

 Computer Room ............................. 223 222 120 221 29 45 4 11.7

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ...... 236 236 138 227 21 40 Q 13.9

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ................................... 203 203 151 196 24 25 Q 11.8

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ........... 1,667 1,517 809 1,315 71 165 21 8.6

 with Central Physical Plant ........... 223 214 95 206 19 35 Q 16.0

 No Central Physical Plant ............ 1,444 1,303 713 1,109 52 130 18 9.2

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ........... 3,139 2,934 1,700 2,750 135 188 57 6.0

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 59 26 48 Q Q Q 23.5

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 881 567 780 25 47 17 10.2

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 813 509 771 65 65 14 8.6

 100 ................................................. 2,699 2,699 1,408 2,467 117 239 47 7.0

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit ............................................. 2,987 2,633 1,467 2,315 94 174 45 7.3

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,689 1,689 977 1,632 107 167 33 7.0

 51 to 99 .......................................... 43 43 25 43 Q 5 Q 27.9

 100 ................................................. 87 87 39 76 Q Q Q 26.6

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 2,509 2,509 2,509 2,162 132 161 48 6.6

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 4,065 4,065 2,162 4,065 183 312 73 5.2

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 206 206 132 183 206 39 7 12.1

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 354 354 161 312 39 354 11 8.7

 Other .............................................. 78 78 48 73 7 11 78 20.9

See footnotes at end of table.

216 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A55. Lighting Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Other

0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 1.6 1.2 2.9

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 574 326 533 60 119 14 10.0

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 74 74 55 69 13 18 Q 19.2

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 59 25 58 11 10 Q 17.3

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 339 224 323 33 42 7 12.0

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 413 413 358 383 52 41 14 10.9

 Other .............................................. 78 78 42 76 13 13 Q 21.4

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 3,400 3,358 1,862 3,144 157 258 66 6.1

 Cooling ........................................... 2,872 2,850 1,559 2,696 139 229 61 6.1

 Hot Water ....................................... 578 558 331 520 36 43 8 11.4

 Lighting ........................................... 4,089 4,034 2,231 3,709 174 316 76 5.7

 Other .............................................. 547 543 334 522 42 53 21 13.0

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 217
Table A56. Lighting Equipment, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Other

0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.2 2.8

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 65,354 39,221 62,074 8,336 17,570 1,612 5.8

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 6,693 3,763 5,927 195 289 113 9.4

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 6,816 3,835 6,422 380 487 Q 7.9

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 9,939 5,550 9,562 507 1,123 227 8.7

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 9,620 6,045 9,191 925 2,089 Q 10.8

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 7,845 4,604 7,594 1,185 2,447 Q 10.2

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 9,627 5,898 8,740 1,375 3,118 Q 12.2

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 7,663 5,226 7,528 1,745 3,932 Q 13.3

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 7,151 4,300 7,110 2,024 4,085 407 22.7

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 8,470 5,368 8,379 846 3,186 Q 10.5

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 757 331 757 Q Q Q 24.7

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 1,491 1,284 1,430 Q Q Q 14.5

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 1,763 1,446 1,754 647 551 Q 18.1

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 2,889 2,698 2,768 815 328 Q 21.5

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 12,368 6,516 12,059 1,432 3,075 274 14.5

 Office .............................................. 12,319 12,319 7,946 12,167 2,719 2,359 507 9.0

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 1,649 310 1,424 Q 1,094 Q 40.5

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 4,553 2,780 4,406 578 1,177 Q 23.8

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 809 388 803 Q Q Q 36.3

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 3,747 3,427 3,424 Q 188 Q 19.8

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 10,893 4,760 9,255 414 4,365 260 15.5

 Other .............................................. 1,130 1,113 638 1,070 Q 370 Q 23.2

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 2,534 1,329 2,379 Q 445 Q 26.0

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 1,665 1,303 1,515 Q Q Q 18.8

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 3,299 2,412 3,227 349 504 Q 23.2

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 8,226 5,674 7,697 837 1,798 Q 16.0

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 9,959 6,729 9,166 639 2,116 Q 13.2

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 12,279 7,220 11,720 1,764 3,382 Q 13.5

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 13,609 7,853 13,070 1,958 3,734 293 9.7

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 13,857 6,724 13,434 1,933 4,682 582 11.9

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 2,461 1,305 2,244 719 1,217 110 15.1

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 13,076 8,905 12,733 2,990 4,623 Q 12.8

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 16,531 10,724 15,946 1,847 5,841 263 9.4

 South .............................................. 24,577 23,671 12,240 21,658 1,607 4,686 553 10.5

 West ............................................... 12,619 12,076 7,351 11,737 1,891 2,419 437 9.3

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 65,354 39,221 62,074 8,336 17,570 1,612 5.9

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 44,847 28,989 43,913 6,297 13,140 1,262 6.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 13,113 9,692 12,959 3,668 5,383 550 9.9

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 5,318 3,434 5,265 1,168 1,874 Q 14.3

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 2,066 1,619 2,060 434 572 Q 23.1

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 3,344 2,239 3,253 624 1,110 Q 17.1

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 1,514 854 1,439 Q Q Q 27.9

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 61,448 37,268 59,873 8,215 16,581 1,529 6.0

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 56,642 34,240 55,594 7,950 15,956 1,463 6.3

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 58,095 36,008 56,893 8,080 16,337 1,484 6.1

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 23,024 17,061 22,821 5,206 7,952 866 9.7

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 3,144 1,708 3,093 327 1,437 Q 19.8

See footnotes at end of table.

218 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A56. Lighting Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Other

0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.2 2.8

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 51,356 49,184 27,146 46,188 4,412 12,920 1,205 6.5

 26 to 50 .......................................... 11,815 11,509 8,723 11,284 2,570 3,698 295 11.2

 51 to 75 .......................................... 3,206 3,179 2,382 3,127 904 655 Q 14.7

 76 to 100 ........................................ 1,499 1,482 969 1,474 450 296 Q 22.0

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 17,944 15,476 8,540 13,520 714 1,777 270 14.4

 5 to 9 .............................................. 7,524 7,524 4,231 7,100 381 1,174 251 11.8

 10 to 19 .......................................... 8,077 8,022 4,618 7,490 376 1,624 Q 12.9

 20 to 49 .......................................... 10,556 10,556 5,703 10,414 886 2,685 Q 9.9

 50 to 99 .......................................... 7,763 7,763 4,648 7,646 1,089 2,920 Q 12.4

 100 to 249 ...................................... 7,378 7,378 4,910 7,334 1,405 3,280 Q 15.3

 250 or More .................................... 8,633 8,633 6,571 8,570 3,485 4,111 512 13.5

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 8,246 6,145 3,940 5,447 290 936 Q 14.1

 40 to 48 .......................................... 14,998 14,895 8,138 13,833 1,126 2,914 320 9.1

 49 to 60 .......................................... 14,046 13,917 8,364 13,398 1,626 3,545 318 8.3

 61 to 84 .......................................... 12,062 11,996 7,105 11,710 1,795 3,559 367 10.7

 85 to 167 ........................................ 8,467 8,433 5,692 8,266 1,556 3,148 Q 15.4

 Open Continuously ......................... 10,057 9,969 5,981 9,421 1,943 3,468 Q 15.2

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ....... 22,166 22,126 17,061 21,923 5,206 7,952 866 8.9

 Computer Room ............................. 14,199 14,183 9,094 14,066 3,658 5,883 592 9.7

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ...... 8,042 8,036 5,370 7,976 1,509 3,153 Q 10.7

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ................................... 6,862 6,862 5,572 6,819 1,767 2,578 Q 12.8

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ........... 31,564 30,480 17,558 28,305 4,290 10,181 720 9.4

 with Central Physical Plant ........... 8,395 8,288 5,167 8,078 1,925 3,287 Q 15.9

 No Central Physical Plant ............ 23,170 22,193 12,392 20,227 2,365 6,894 509 10.5

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ........... 36,312 34,874 21,662 33,769 4,046 7,388 892 5.8

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 3,280 757 391 675 Q Q Q 33.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 9,980 9,980 6,575 8,848 547 1,410 295 13.5

 51 to 99 .......................................... 14,224 14,224 9,350 13,892 2,410 3,782 418 11.1

 100 ................................................. 40,393 40,393 22,906 38,658 5,378 12,324 900 7.1

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit ............................................. 34,486 31,963 18,367 29,325 3,314 7,394 923 8.1

 1 to 50 ............................................ 31,482 31,482 19,880 30,950 4,791 9,658 639 7.3

 51 to 99 .......................................... 1,021 1,021 667 1,021 Q 355 Q 26.6

 100 ................................................. 887 887 306 777 Q Q Q 29.9

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 39,221 39,221 39,221 36,935 6,590 10,037 1,157 6.4

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 62,074 62,074 36,935 62,074 8,111 16,557 1,493 6.0

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 8,336 8,336 6,590 8,111 8,336 3,746 368 11.6

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 17,570 17,570 10,037 16,557 3,746 17,570 673 9.8

 Other .............................................. 1,612 1,612 1,157 1,493 368 673 1,612 22.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 219
Table A56. Lighting Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Other

0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.2 2.8

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 15,241 15,241 10,321 14,714 4,117 6,900 664 10.6

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 3,072 3,072 2,394 3,004 1,090 1,635 Q 15.2

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 3,629 3,629 2,288 3,601 1,263 1,474 Q 13.5

 Time Clock ..................................... 12,104 12,104 8,318 11,853 3,413 4,488 398 14.5

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 12,329 12,329 10,505 12,139 4,058 4,313 586 11.2

 Other .............................................. 2,596 2,596 1,461 2,552 893 904 Q 14.1

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 46,248 45,960 27,823 44,726 5,812 12,443 1,208 6.2

 Cooling ........................................... 42,768 42,619 25,769 41,757 5,617 11,986 1,150 6.4

 Hot Water ....................................... 9,966 9,807 6,665 9,483 1,659 3,081 158 10.1

 Lighting ........................................... 54,944 54,489 32,756 51,840 6,317 14,013 1,325 5.5

 Other .............................................. 7,996 7,961 4,989 7,831 1,170 2,170 228 14.9

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

220 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A57. Energy Conservation Features, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting OtherAll

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.7

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 4,357 4,223 2,604 1,178 264 67,876 64,403 62,056 50,281 29,453 5,952 4.7

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 2,376 2,305 1,194 452 102 7,327 6,575 6,375 3,370 1,302 291 7.4

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 887 864 569 275 62 7,199 6,566 6,405 4,221 2,066 467 5.6

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 610 587 447 241 50 10,375 9,788 9,403 7,257 3,952 821 6.5

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 268 259 208 106 25 10,069 9,597 9,270 7,503 3,884 896 8.4

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 113 111 98 47 14 8,062 7,874 7,683 6,797 3,420 917 9.2

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 68 66 57 36 8 9,678 9,271 8,935 7,699 4,821 1,020 10.3

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 25 23 23 14 2 7,889 7,479 7,098 6,946 4,557 740 11.9

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 9 9 9 7 1 7,278 7,254 6,887 6,488 5,452 799 24.2

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 300 296 245 74 27 8,470 8,457 8,379 7,719 3,297 922 9.3

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 119 114 70 20 Q 757 695 656 510 197 Q 19.7

 Food Service ................................. 260 251 245 166 92 Q 1,491 1,465 1,451 1,073 546 Q 11.2

 Health Care .................................... 63 63 63 47 26 6 1,763 1,735 1,735 1,664 1,304 368 15.6

 Lodging .......................................... 154 152 150 120 51 12 2,891 2,868 2,825 2,585 1,340 379 15.4

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 1,186 1,141 643 293 56 12,402 12,038 11,667 8,905 5,339 1,003 9.2

 Office .............................................. 749 727 722 534 220 41 12,319 12,239 12,185 11,004 7,042 904 7.2

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 20 16 10 5 Q 1,652 1,303 678 753 748 Q 33.9

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 269 262 175 96 21 4,556 4,501 4,341 3,959 2,969 410 15.6

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 59 59 46 19 Q 820 818 818 762 205 Q 23.7

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 355 347 199 101 31 3,747 3,707 3,657 2,759 1,652 526 12.9

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 555 511 256 135 30 11,484 9,764 9,082 5,812 3,323 711 10.3

 Other .............................................. 69 58 56 34 22 Q 1,130 1,099 1,032 968 589 Q 17.9

 Vacant ............................................ 319 242 240 60 25 Q 4,396 3,716 3,550 1,808 901 Q 16.2

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 159 155 95 65 Q 1,721 1,662 1,620 1,229 659 Q 16.1

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 235 230 137 65 20 3,608 3,325 3,269 2,662 1,368 406 16.1

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 641 615 328 173 31 8,712 7,841 7,532 5,313 2,943 604 10.8

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 782 761 445 169 41 10,421 9,752 9,484 6,726 3,384 677 9.0

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 716 697 442 180 38 12,612 12,053 11,695 9,812 5,219 1,247 9.1

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 889 850 556 235 59 14,014 13,464 12,754 10,636 6,680 1,430 7.6

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 812 797 526 243 55 14,287 13,886 13,365 11,800 7,572 1,185 9.2

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 121 117 76 48 9 2,502 2,419 2,338 2,103 1,627 275 14.2

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 711 693 504 241 57 13,400 12,891 12,612 10,840 6,727 1,626 9.0

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 1,097 1,076 626 295 67 17,280 16,619 16,031 13,100 7,790 1,575 8.1

 South .............................................. 1,963 1,737 1,667 980 375 85 24,577 22,659 21,758 16,864 8,307 1,757 9.1

 West ............................................... 870 812 787 494 268 55 12,619 12,234 11,655 9,477 6,628 993 9.3

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 4,258 4,124 2,604 1,178 263 66,549 63,709 61,362 50,281 29,453 5,927 4.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 2,542 2,467 1,660 778 175 45,097 44,303 43,053 36,273 21,197 4,733 5.4

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 541 526 397 190 56 13,218 13,125 12,996 12,104 8,603 1,830 9.9

 District Heat .................................... 95 95 90 86 50 10 5,339 5,316 5,135 5,146 3,046 687 12.6

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 28 27 28 14 Q 2,066 2,066 2,007 2,063 1,152 224 19.7

 Propane .......................................... 337 331 321 172 77 18 3,393 3,376 3,339 2,506 1,439 201 15.5

 Any Other ....................................... 163 155 150 70 32 Q 1,551 1,494 1,472 912 552 Q 19.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 221
Table A57. Energy Conservation Features, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting OtherAll

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.7

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 3,996 3,881 2,568 1,122 260 61,996 60,736 58,915 49,515 28,384 5,793 4.7

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 3,376 3,285 2,271 997 227 57,041 56,223 54,488 46,884 27,166 5,425 4.9

 Buildings with Water

 Heating .......................................... 3,502 3,392 3,298 2,275 1,042 232 58,479 57,571 55,914 47,711 27,924 5,618 4.7

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 727 707 548 275 52 23,065 23,031 22,814 21,458 13,887 2,615 7.5

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ............................... 121 119 112 74 49 18 3,174 3,151 3,050 2,260 1,624 545 16.2

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 2,620 2,530 1,414 541 128 25,424 22,938 22,066 15,331 7,256 1,563 7.9

 Two ................................................ 1,154 1,105 1,077 719 368 82 18,025 17,520 17,097 14,092 7,994 1,866 6.0

 Three .............................................. 446 435 424 313 166 36 9,877 9,776 9,558 8,398 5,049 873 8.4

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 184 179 145 93 15 10,377 9,997 9,289 8,360 5,841 1,182 11.0

 Ten or More .................................... 13 13 13 13 10 2 4,173 4,173 4,046 4,100 3,313 468 16.5

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 3,792 3,684 2,172 1,022 219 52,752 49,630 47,889 37,005 22,860 4,398 5.0

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 2,929 2,841 1,763 810 192 38,403 36,377 35,043 27,762 16,990 3,763 4.6

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 717 699 387 202 24 12,273 11,630 11,369 8,755 5,551 536 10.9

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 145 144 21 9 Q 2,077 1,624 1,477 488 319 Q 18.9

 Government Owned ....................... 599 565 539 432 156 44 15,124 14,773 14,168 13,276 6,593 1,554 8.1

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 383 363 46 60 Q 6,211 3,976 3,439 949 1,203 Q 17.9

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 626 605 331 132 25 11,195 10,534 9,852 7,172 3,723 463 10.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 601 585 366 214 36 10,211 10,131 9,861 7,771 5,463 1,073 8.8

 100 ................................................. 2,846 2,746 2,670 1,861 772 199 40,260 39,762 38,905 34,389 19,063 4,257 5.0

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 980 938 333 181 37 10,835 8,180 7,569 3,397 2,287 527 9.9

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 1,125 1,079 690 320 73 21,715 21,269 20,089 15,879 8,224 1,836 6.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 646 630 446 223 55 13,872 13,768 13,541 12,333 7,985 1,711 8.2

 100 ................................................. 1,668 1,606 1,575 1,135 453 99 21,454 21,186 20,858 18,672 10,957 1,877 7.1

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 244 241 30 Q Q 3,280 2,243 2,110 638 Q Q 16.8

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 785 762 426 197 36 9,980 9,131 8,863 6,140 3,352 792 8.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 791 768 523 290 75 14,224 14,110 13,846 11,807 7,914 1,711 8.5

 100 ................................................. 2,699 2,537 2,452 1,624 679 145 40,393 38,919 37,237 31,696 17,945 3,391 5.3

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 449 441 435 323 148 29 8,269 8,230 8,053 6,847 4,245 675 10.3

 Furnaces ........................................ 1,692 1,640 1,605 1,028 427 118 16,909 16,632 16,246 12,184 6,275 1,301 6.8

 Individual Space

 Heaters .......................................... 1,464 1,371 1,327 724 374 79 22,380 21,647 20,986 16,301 10,200 2,479 6.8

 District Heat .................................... 93 93 89 85 49 10 5,225 5,202 5,021 5,047 2,969 631 12.7

 Boilers ............................................ 624 616 602 487 239 66 20,664 20,594 20,141 18,645 11,665 2,640 7.1

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 870 836 811 604 256 53 16,000 15,778 15,456 12,832 7,681 1,275 8.3

 Other .............................................. 42 42 42 25 15 Q 903 903 889 838 571 Q 24.7

See footnotes at end of table.

222 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A57. Energy Conservation Features, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting OtherAll

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.7

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................. 816 791 780 508 226 53 9,021 8,822 8,655 6,842 3,703 984 9.4

 Heat Pumps ................................... 454 447 441 326 142 27 8,406 8,376 8,244 6,978 4,319 687 10.0

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................. 1,023 964 935 581 259 60 17,979 17,621 16,995 13,842 7,780 1,757 9.2

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 28 27 28 14 Q 2,066 2,066 2,007 2,063 1,152 224 19.7

 Central Chillers ............................... 142 141 140 129 77 14 12,991 12,950 12,739 12,569 9,301 1,906 10.9

 Packaged Air-

 Conditioning Units ......................... 1,459 1,421 1,375 1,028 468 104 27,830 27,573 26,845 23,508 13,211 2,667 6.2

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 179 171 164 109 56 Q 2,085 2,062 2,020 1,697 1,115 Q 22.4

 Other .............................................. 8 8 8 4 Q Q 268 268 268 181 Q Q 48.6

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 2,509 2,364 2,304 1,471 768 171 39,221 38,196 37,436 31,251 19,761 4,049 5.3

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 4,065 3,851 3,734 2,457 1,100 248 62,074 60,445 58,496 49,090 28,649 5,719 4.5

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 206 203 200 154 106 22 8,336 8,321 8,283 7,885 6,649 1,294 10.0

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 354 337 316 237 166 39 17,570 17,188 16,304 14,328 10,593 2,206 7.8

 Other .............................................. 78 73 72 52 32 12 1,612 1,603 1,538 1,266 1,074 233 21.1

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System ........................ 1,994 1,950 1,900 1,325 610 141 31,599 31,322 30,682 26,731 16,074 3,122 7.3

 Self-Heating Tank ........................ 1,799 1,760 1,714 1,178 522 126 24,464 24,241 23,694 20,029 11,593 2,188 8.2

 Heated by

 Space-Heating

 Equipment ................................... 103 100 99 85 51 10 3,722 3,713 3,670 3,530 2,470 358 16.3

 Other ............................................ 106 104 101 75 46 9 4,032 3,987 3,936 3,791 2,473 667 13.9

 Distributed System ......................... 1,557 1,491 1,447 989 462 97 29,502 28,871 27,855 23,497 13,877 2,682 7.2

 Residential-Type

 Storage Tank ............................... 1,489 1,423 1,379 932 433 88 25,809 25,182 24,166 19,873 11,047 2,335 7.1

 Point-of-Use Heaters .................... 56 56 56 45 26 11 3,367 3,364 3,364 3,306 2,728 427 23.7

 Other ............................................ 24 24 24 23 12 3 1,259 1,259 1,259 1,235 677 331 18.6

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling

 Insulation ....................................... 3,343 3,343 3,343 2,104 974 219 50,311 50,311 50,311 40,883 24,203 5,180 4.7

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 2,320 2,320 1,472 697 161 33,240 33,240 33,240 27,448 17,643 3,509 5.6

 Storm or Multiple

 Glazing .......................................... 1,680 1,680 1,680 1,170 566 137 29,684 29,684 29,684 25,702 15,921 3,207 6.3

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ............................... 1,068 1,068 1,068 780 407 90 25,396 25,396 25,396 22,350 15,756 2,914 7.5

 Exterior or Interior

 Shading or Awnings ...................... 1,853 1,853 1,853 1,318 594 142 34,071 34,071 34,071 29,261 17,758 3,744 5.9

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 2,119 2,119 1,198 503 130 28,937 28,937 28,937 22,346 11,266 2,790 6.0

HVAC Conservation Features

 Variable Air-Volume

 System .......................................... 250 250 244 250 134 24 13,970 13,970 13,900 13,970 10,536 1,814 9.9

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 414 414 413 414 226 46 18,313 18,313 18,174 18,313 13,273 2,343 8.4

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 2,503 2,503 2,411 2,503 837 197 49,173 49,173 47,705 49,173 25,184 5,294 4.9

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 223
Table A57. Energy Conservation Features, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting OtherAll

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.7

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 574 536 420 574 54 15,241 15,241 14,568 13,372 15,241 2,181 8.3

 Natural Lighting

 Control Sensors ............................ 74 74 73 55 74 8 3,072 3,072 2,937 2,868 3,072 598 14.6

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 59 58 49 59 8 3,629 3,629 3,546 3,517 3,629 691 11.8

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 339 328 255 339 30 12,104 12,104 11,748 11,066 12,104 1,439 10.7

 Manual Dimmer

 Switches ........................................ 413 413 408 328 413 39 12,329 12,329 12,233 11,314 12,329 1,739 8.6

 Other .............................................. 78 78 78 70 78 12 2,596 2,596 2,589 2,453 2,596 430 14.2

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation

 Features ........................................ 4,357 4,357 4,223 2,604 1,178 264 64,403 64,403 62,056 50,281 29,453 5,952 4.7

 Building Shell ................................. 4,223 4,223 4,223 2,511 1,123 255 62,056 62,056 62,056 48,798 28,234 5,755 4.7

 HVAC ............................................. 2,604 2,604 2,511 2,604 871 206 50,281 50,281 48,798 50,281 25,730 5,419 4.8

 Lighting ........................................... 1,178 1,178 1,123 871 1,178 108 29,453 29,453 28,234 25,730 29,453 3,436 6.3

 Other .............................................. 264 264 255 206 108 264 5,952 5,952 5,755 5,419 3,436 5,952 8.5

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control

 System .......................................... 236 234 232 213 119 27 14,320 14,254 14,134 13,986 10,627 1,474 9.9

 Demand-Side

 Management

 Participation .................................. 315 314 309 264 166 39 11,310 11,273 11,198 10,668 8,257 1,730 8.8

 Energy Audit ................................... 521 511 497 397 208 58 14,779 14,509 14,269 13,105 8,976 2,038 7.7

 Building Energy

 Manager ........................................ 49 49 49 42 18 1 2,311 2,311 2,281 2,242 1,295 165 18.5

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 36 36 36 33 21 Q 1,079 1,079 1,079 1,042 890 Q 19.7

 HVAC Program .............................. 154 153 149 136 77 25 6,370 6,342 6,298 6,166 4,679 1,122 10.6

 Lighting Program ............................ 228 227 224 182 131 24 8,805 8,797 8,759 8,250 6,869 1,360 10.5

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 110 110 109 99 62 15 6,176 6,176 6,146 6,063 4,906 967 13.4

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

224 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A58. Building Shell Conservation Features, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Type of Building Shell Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Building

Shell

ConserVation

Features

Roof or

Ceiling

Insulation

Wall

Insulation

Storms

or

Multiple

Glazing

Tinted,

Reflective

or Shading

Glass

Exterior

or Interior

Shadings

or Awnings

Windows

that

Open

0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.1

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 4,223 3,343 2,320 1,680 1,068 1,853 2,119 4.4

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 2,305 1,777 1,279 800 445 901 1,181 6.5

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 864 708 472 390 238 392 425 5.5

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 587 475 322 263 199 288 296 6.4

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 259 212 137 123 90 137 120 8.3

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 111 93 57 56 48 75 54 8.5

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 66 52 35 29 29 37 30 10.5

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 23 19 13 13 13 17 11 11.4

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 9 7 5 5 6 5 3 32.1

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 296 232 137 86 65 171 235 9.4

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 114 77 61 45 40 45 Q 19.4

 Food Service ................................. 260 245 214 147 123 74 138 65 10.1

 Health Care .................................... 63 63 55 41 36 20 49 35 17.0

 Lodging .......................................... 154 150 118 90 72 24 74 124 13.7

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 1,141 910 623 401 249 425 459 6.8

 Office .............................................. 749 722 610 448 372 257 487 336 6.6

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 16 9 9 7 1 Q 12 36.5

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 262 207 133 96 50 85 145 8.9

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 59 54 37 31 16 30 43 21.7

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 347 282 208 177 122 112 264 11.9

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 511 377 250 140 93 145 242 9.4

 Other .............................................. 69 56 38 30 21 9 24 25 19.8

 Vacant ............................................ 319 240 160 109 73 48 64 114 11.6

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 155 100 51 88 30 67 106 14.6

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 230 167 89 125 34 94 146 12.5

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 615 419 222 218 119 240 360 8.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 761 549 302 238 172 336 454 7.7

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 697 551 364 230 171 297 352 7.6

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 850 739 571 332 221 364 346 7.3

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 797 715 622 374 283 395 296 6.8

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 117 103 100 75 40 61 60 16.1

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 693 531 376 420 115 279 451 9.1

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 1,076 851 584 616 235 427 541 8.3

 South .............................................. 1,963 1,667 1,356 960 448 451 741 756 7.6

 West ............................................... 870 787 605 401 195 266 406 371 11.9

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 4,124 3,290 2,290 1,664 1,057 1,844 2,066 4.3

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 2,467 1,987 1,340 1,045 695 1,220 1,189 5.5

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 526 440 282 295 103 213 333 11.9

 District Heat .................................... 95 90 66 39 38 23 48 59 13.2

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 27 23 11 8 12 17 15 24.2

 Propane .......................................... 337 321 275 217 144 56 100 193 14.8

 Any Other ....................................... 163 150 112 83 58 10 34 104 17.2

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 225
Table A58. Building Shell Conservation Features, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Type of Building Shell Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Building

Shell

ConserVation

Features

Roof or

Ceiling

Insulation

Wall

Insulation

Storms

or

Multiple

Glazing

Tinted,

Reflective

or Shading

Glass

Exterior

or Interior

Shadings

or Awnings

Windows

that

Open

0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 3,881 3,164 2,206 1,642 1,018 1,804 1,932 4.4

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 3,285 2,727 1,908 1,405 977 1,705 1,515 4.5

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 3,298 2,728 1,918 1,495 928 1,635 1,625 4.5

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 707 594 400 353 237 399 336 6.2

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 112 95 63 48 31 52 45 16.9

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 2,530 2,010 1,434 796 604 992 1,159 6.6

 Two ................................................ 1,154 1,077 857 600 498 300 530 547 5.3

 Three .............................................. 446 424 330 195 265 103 223 276 8.2

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 179 137 84 114 53 99 130 11.1

 Ten or More .................................... 13 13 9 6 7 8 9 6 17.5

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 2,240 1,683 1,160 760 410 703 1,181 6.5

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 837 687 487 345 210 453 412 6.2

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 534 450 317 252 182 297 251 7.4

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 389 339 223 206 152 249 181 6.9

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 128 102 75 64 53 83 62 9.6

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 64 55 38 35 39 45 23 10.1

 250 or More .................................... 31 31 27 20 18 20 24 9 9.7

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 839 610 406 295 168 224 527 8.7

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 1,155 925 649 472 314 617 606 6.4

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 894 720 513 340 221 402 404 6.7

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 579 475 326 249 154 264 237 6.0

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 445 362 247 195 131 198 166 9.0

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 311 252 180 130 81 147 179 9.5

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 3,684 2,921 2,061 1,496 946 1,590 1,741 4.4

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 2,841 2,297 1,660 1,209 738 1,220 1,420 4.6

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 699 535 334 242 183 337 260 7.6

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 144 89 68 45 25 32 61 16.1

 Government Owned ....................... 599 539 422 259 184 122 263 378 8.6

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ........................................ 1,107 1,032 870 674 378 330 530 426 7.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,276 2,105 1,694 1,143 917 582 1,038 1,020 5.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 394 369 303 175 204 51 138 248 15.4

 District Heat .................................... 91 87 63 37 36 21 45 57 13.5

 Propane .......................................... 217 205 174 141 81 31 46 123 20.2

 Wood .............................................. 68 59 41 Q Q Q Q 43 27.0

 Any Other ....................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 100.0

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 3,404 3,189 2,643 1,849 1,357 947 1,644 1,474 4.6

 Natural Gas .................................... 106 106 93 70 55 33 68 44 12.8

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 27 23 11 8 12 17 15 24.2

See footnotes at end of table.

226 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A58. Building Shell Conservation Features, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Type of Building Shell Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Building

Shell

ConserVation

Features

Roof or

Ceiling

Insulation

Wall

Insulation

Storms

or

Multiple

Glazing

Tinted,

Reflective

or Shading

Glass

Exterior

or Interior

Shadings

or Awnings

Windows

that

Open

0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.1

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 1,696 1,620 1,382 1,004 692 459 785 748 5.6

 Natural Gas .................................... 1,647 1,527 1,213 837 717 446 808 771 6.2

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 126 118 103 55 73 20 42 83 21.8

 District Heat .................................... 38 36 28 19 18 10 19 22 17.0

 Propane .......................................... 80 76 70 53 39 Q 31 46 26.3

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 356 343 294 204 174 115 195 149 8.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 431 419 342 222 195 141 242 203 7.8

 Propane .......................................... 70 68 62 51 42 16 38 41 20.6

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 363 196 126 44 53 52 198 14.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 605 431 307 189 136 240 297 8.0

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 585 475 325 255 162 301 279 7.7

 100 ................................................. 2,846 2,670 2,241 1,563 1,193 718 1,259 1,345 4.8

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 938 616 412 275 91 147 604 9.0

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 1,079 835 549 426 261 496 568 5.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 630 531 356 314 195 381 277 7.6

 100 ................................................. 1,668 1,575 1,362 1,004 665 521 829 670 6.0

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 241 144 100 59 27 38 127 14.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 762 559 393 319 165 296 447 7.2

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 768 648 418 349 235 388 374 6.7

 100 ................................................. 2,699 2,452 1,993 1,410 953 642 1,131 1,171 4.9

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit ............................................. 2,987 2,542 1,967 1,379 918 555 961 1,428 5.5

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,689 1,573 1,290 879 726 485 854 645 5.4

 51 to 99 .......................................... 43 37 29 22 15 13 22 14 22.0

 100 ................................................. 87 71 56 41 22 15 16 32 21.4

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 3,343 3,343 3,343 2,128 1,445 919 1,558 1,527 4.5

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 2,320 2,128 2,320 1,139 683 1,100 1,065 5.2

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 1,680 1,680 1,445 1,139 1,680 552 908 888 5.8

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass .............................................. 1,068 1,068 919 683 552 1,068 647 330 6.1

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ..................................... 1,853 1,853 1,558 1,100 908 647 1,853 871 5.4

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 2,119 1,527 1,065 888 330 871 2,119 5.7

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System .......... 250 244 219 161 146 124 180 99 8.0

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 414 413 374 270 229 175 281 163 8.2

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 2,503 2,411 2,012 1,403 1,120 753 1,248 1,152 4.7

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 227
Table A59. Building Shell Conservation Features, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Type of Building Shell Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Building

Shell

ConserVation

Features

Roof or

Ceiling

Insulation

Wall

Insulation

Storms

or

Multiple

Glazing

Tinted,

Reflective

or Shading

Glass

Exterior

or Interior

Shadings

or Awnings

Windows

that

Open

0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.1

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 62,056 50,311 33,240 29,684 25,396 34,071 28,937 4.8

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 6,375 4,951 3,554 2,274 1,251 2,518 3,293 6.7

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 6,405 5,270 3,481 2,895 1,789 2,900 3,117 5.6

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 9,403 7,668 5,145 4,324 3,195 4,722 4,700 6.3

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 9,270 7,504 4,949 4,448 3,226 4,900 4,366 8.5

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 7,683 6,454 3,940 3,913 3,395 5,145 3,754 8.3

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 8,935 7,160 4,733 4,126 3,948 5,131 4,209 10.3

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 7,098 5,653 3,637 3,928 4,076 5,168 3,179 11.8

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 6,887 5,650 3,800 3,776 4,516 3,588 2,319 25.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 8,379 7,025 3,377 3,212 2,898 5,131 5,959 8.5

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 656 476 285 247 225 280 Q 19.8

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 1,451 1,215 754 868 412 738 450 12.6

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 1,735 1,584 1,131 1,329 1,093 1,507 1,177 14.3

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 2,825 2,218 1,661 1,639 947 1,750 2,416 16.5

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 11,667 10,081 6,379 4,970 4,434 4,885 3,701 10.7

 Office .............................................. 12,319 12,185 10,180 7,738 6,963 6,819 9,044 4,061 7.0

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 678 324 283 414 260 336 440 40.3

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 4,341 3,802 2,828 2,593 Q 2,542 1,666 29.9

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 818 748 464 561 226 551 545 27.9

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 3,657 2,718 2,154 2,296 1,419 1,620 2,862 13.9

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 9,082 6,517 4,178 3,127 2,970 3,791 3,760 11.5

 Other .............................................. 1,130 1,032 737 560 519 447 582 309 19.6

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 3,550 2,685 1,448 945 1,219 1,315 1,473 17.4

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 1,620 942 561 1,036 379 726 1,215 17.4

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 3,269 2,259 1,210 1,679 630 1,312 2,297 18.0

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 7,532 4,929 2,187 3,317 1,556 3,922 4,759 11.8

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 9,484 6,957 3,300 3,474 2,887 4,926 6,211 9.6

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 11,695 9,567 5,498 4,124 4,740 6,096 5,654 10.0

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 12,754 11,395 8,182 5,638 5,603 6,763 4,703 7.0

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 13,365 12,072 10,427 8,731 7,927 8,587 3,577 11.6

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 2,338 2,190 1,877 1,685 1,674 1,740 520 13.0

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 12,612 9,893 6,633 8,075 4,184 6,436 7,706 9.2

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 16,031 12,918 8,184 9,885 6,540 8,376 8,117 7.0

 South .............................................. 24,577 21,758 18,108 12,175 8,380 8,899 12,210 8,838 10.4

 West ............................................... 12,619 11,655 9,392 6,248 3,344 5,774 7,049 4,276 8.4

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 61,362 49,956 33,068 29,615 25,306 33,941 28,564 4.8

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 43,053 35,416 22,379 21,530 18,217 24,915 20,481 5.1

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 12,996 11,451 8,061 8,471 6,385 8,177 6,422 7.9

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 5,135 4,046 2,290 2,337 2,425 2,994 2,823 12.8

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 2,007 1,616 994 808 1,103 1,239 1,042 20.0

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 3,339 2,829 2,153 1,692 1,222 1,653 1,865 14.9

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 1,472 1,276 860 557 190 604 921 22.1

See footnotes at end of table.

228 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A59. Building Shell Conservation Features, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Type of Building Shell Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Building

Shell

ConserVation

Features

Roof or

Ceiling

Insulation

Wall

Insulation

Storms

or

Multiple

Glazing

Tinted,

Reflective

or Shading

Glass

Exterior

or Interior

Shadings

or Awnings

Windows

that

Open

0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 58,915 48,409 32,180 29,441 24,816 33,454 27,381 4.8

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 54,488 45,186 30,278 27,331 24,350 32,198 23,966 5.1

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 55,914 46,407 30,978 28,564 24,373 32,745 25,632 4.9

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 22,814 19,707 12,919 12,918 11,271 14,890 11,124 8.7

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 3,050 2,714 1,489 1,312 1,338 1,377 1,349 16.4

Floors

 One ................................................ 25,424 22,066 18,135 12,123 8,610 7,551 10,608 8,652 9.9

 Two ................................................ 18,025 17,097 14,282 9,741 8,019 6,991 9,124 7,540 6.5

 Three .............................................. 9,877 9,558 7,957 4,581 5,358 3,749 5,459 5,499 8.2

 Four to Nine ................................... 10,377 9,289 6,810 4,326 5,368 4,340 5,945 5,615 9.6

 Ten or More .................................... 4,173 4,046 3,128 2,469 2,329 2,765 2,935 1,632 16.2

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 17,944 14,210 11,054 7,342 5,825 4,030 5,026 7,113 14.6

 5 to 9 .............................................. 7,524 6,814 5,268 3,466 2,895 1,539 3,499 3,488 6.9

 10 to 19 .......................................... 8,077 7,444 5,591 3,629 3,212 2,112 3,539 3,976 8.6

 20 to 49 .......................................... 10,556 10,084 8,475 5,328 5,110 4,255 6,428 4,856 7.6

 50 to 99 .......................................... 7,763 7,642 6,110 4,087 4,115 3,118 5,085 3,784 10.0

 100 to 249 ...................................... 7,378 7,308 6,550 4,137 3,797 4,492 4,703 2,828 12.1

 250 or More .................................... 8,633 8,554 7,263 5,251 4,729 5,850 5,792 2,891 10.6

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 8,246 6,858 5,264 3,236 2,793 1,778 2,264 4,100 9.8

 40 to 48 .......................................... 14,998 13,770 10,776 6,694 6,236 5,097 8,025 7,031 6.8

 49 to 60 .......................................... 14,046 12,952 10,748 7,451 5,658 5,250 7,205 5,306 6.3

 61 to 84 .......................................... 12,062 11,444 9,551 6,535 5,312 5,075 5,945 3,813 8.7

 85 to 167 ........................................ 8,467 8,074 6,350 3,678 3,795 3,455 4,329 3,767 11.2

 Open Continuously ......................... 10,057 8,958 7,622 5,647 5,890 4,740 6,303 4,921 15.1

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 52,752 47,889 38,288 27,472 23,696 20,146 26,322 19,907 5.3

 Owner Occupied .......................... 38,403 35,043 28,012 20,366 17,450 14,347 18,809 16,151 4.2

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 12,273 11,369 9,262 6,417 5,788 5,371 6,927 3,174 14.2

 Unoccupied .................................. 2,077 1,477 1,014 688 458 428 586 582 17.7

 Government Owned ....................... 15,124 14,168 12,023 5,768 5,988 5,250 7,749 9,030 8.4

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ........................................ 15,502 14,541 12,530 9,993 7,487 7,528 8,980 4,553 11.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 35,161 33,455 27,048 16,869 16,546 13,894 19,312 15,927 5.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 4,415 4,266 3,494 2,066 2,554 949 1,993 3,098 16.2

 District Heat .................................... 5,014 4,813 3,731 2,117 2,199 2,276 2,725 2,722 13.5

 Propane .......................................... 1,101 1,064 939 750 468 133 247 633 21.5

 Wood .............................................. 257 230 183 Q Q Q Q 145 24.8

 Any Other ....................................... 546 546 Q Q Q Q Q Q 55.3

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 54,628 52,132 43,216 29,191 26,170 23,187 30,810 22,866 5.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 1,906 1,848 1,632 1,075 1,025 831 1,112 740 18.5

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 2,007 1,616 994 808 1,103 1,239 1,042 20.0

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 229
Table A59. Building Shell Conservation Features, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Type of Building Shell Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Building

Shell

ConserVation

Features

Roof or

Ceiling

Insulation

Wall

Insulation

Storms

or

Multiple

Glazing

Tinted,

Reflective

or Shading

Glass

Exterior

or Interior

Shadings

or Awnings

Windows

that

Open

0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.1

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 25,482 24,351 20,939 15,193 12,583 11,163 14,199 8,865 8.8

 Natural Gas .................................... 29,962 28,615 23,238 14,456 14,742 12,247 17,025 14,352 5.9

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 2,470 2,417 2,046 1,182 1,464 667 1,246 1,836 19.8

 District Heat .................................... 3,308 3,238 2,543 1,632 1,466 1,572 2,078 1,728 15.1

 Propane .......................................... 659 647 586 428 326 Q 297 434 27.7

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 12,183 12,060 10,728 7,206 7,152 6,568 8,077 5,184 14.1

 Natural Gas .................................... 15,233 15,099 12,898 8,040 8,241 7,061 9,567 8,143 8.8

 Propane .......................................... 1,039 1,033 935 800 630 435 592 661 25.5

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 6,211 3,439 2,154 1,170 327 587 744 1,738 18.9

 1 to 50 ............................................ 11,195 9,852 7,135 4,163 3,584 3,437 3,887 4,442 12.2

 51 to 99 .......................................... 10,211 9,861 8,462 5,672 4,674 4,596 6,291 4,202 8.7

 100 ................................................. 40,260 38,905 32,559 22,235 21,099 16,776 23,149 18,555 5.4

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 10,835 7,569 5,124 2,963 2,354 1,046 1,873 4,971 10.2

 1 to 50 ............................................ 21,715 20,089 15,497 8,977 9,092 6,787 9,868 10,559 7.3

 51 to 99 .......................................... 13,872 13,541 11,573 7,713 7,158 7,107 8,975 5,478 7.9

 100 ................................................. 21,454 20,858 18,116 13,588 11,080 10,456 13,356 7,929 8.5

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 3,280 2,110 1,341 768 481 554 618 1,113 18.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 9,980 8,863 6,538 4,032 3,727 2,339 3,586 5,175 9.1

 51 to 99 .......................................... 14,224 13,846 11,864 8,261 7,851 6,875 8,583 5,954 11.1

 100 ................................................. 40,393 37,237 30,567 20,179 17,625 15,628 21,285 16,696 5.2

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit ............................................. 34,486 30,170 24,198 16,513 14,385 10,863 15,626 16,050 7.2

 1 to 50 ............................................ 31,482 30,110 24,757 15,719 14,597 13,760 17,640 12,265 5.5

 51 to 99 .......................................... 1,021 977 838 664 502 558 577 185 21.3

 100 ................................................. 887 800 518 344 200 215 228 437 24.7

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 50,311 50,311 50,311 30,885 25,474 22,124 28,758 21,398 4.9

 Wall Insulation ................................ 33,240 33,240 30,885 33,240 20,010 15,537 20,202 13,019 5.8

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 29,684 29,684 25,474 20,010 29,684 14,838 19,831 13,784 6.1

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass .............................................. 25,396 25,396 22,124 15,537 14,838 25,396 17,622 8,104 8.0

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ..................................... 34,071 34,071 28,758 20,202 19,831 17,622 34,071 14,783 5.8

 Windows that Open ........................ 28,937 28,937 21,398 13,019 13,784 8,104 14,783 28,937 5.9

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System .......... 13,970 13,900 12,198 9,265 9,208 9,741 10,395 4,616 11.9

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 18,313 18,174 16,606 11,625 11,172 11,287 12,871 6,430 9.7

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 49,173 47,705 39,959 26,728 25,113 21,907 28,549 21,809 5.2

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

230 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A60. Energy Management Practices, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.5 2.6 0.8 0.7 1.6

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 222 197 55 34 12 315 521 49 10.3

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 45 44 Q Q Q 103 209 Q 18.9

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 37 31 Q Q Q 66 107 Q 18.4

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 50 41 12 9 Q 68 94 6 17.3

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 29 25 5 6 Q 30 50 5 20.0

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 28 23 8 4 Q 23 32 6 17.5

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 19 18 8 4 Q 14 17 2 18.0

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 10 10 3 3 (*) 9 9 2 19.4

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 5 5 Q Q 1 2 3 1 36.0

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 50 38 9 11 Q 54 75 10 20.3

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 38.3

 Food Service ................................. 260 11 Q Q Q Q 24 31 Q 30.2

 Health Care .................................... 63 10 10 Q Q Q 11 11 Q 38.5

 Lodging .......................................... 154 4 2 Q Q Q 21 33 Q 34.7

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 28 26 13 Q Q 50 106 Q 17.0

 Office .............................................. 749 68 66 13 7 3 62 96 10 16.4

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 66.6

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 14 12 Q Q Q 24 40 Q 25.9

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 52.5

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 11 8 Q Q Q 15 37 Q 33.8

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 9 8 Q Q Q 24 45 Q 29.8

 Other .............................................. 69 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 45.8

 Vacant ............................................ 319 5 Q Q Q Q 7 12 Q 44.7

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 Q Q Q Q Q 12 25 Q 37.1

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 11 8 Q Q Q 18 26 Q 36.2

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 14 9 Q Q Q 45 76 Q 25.0

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 32 24 Q 5 Q 55 95 11 18.3

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 38 32 6 5 Q 53 99 8 19.5

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 49 48 13 8 Q 74 112 15 18.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 55 55 17 10 Q 51 81 5 17.8

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 20 19 6 2 1 7 7 Q 30.8

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 37 23 11 8 1 99 132 8 21.6

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 66 55 11 9 6 68 122 11 17.7

 South .............................................. 1,963 63 68 15 11 Q 72 157 14 17.8

 West ............................................... 870 57 51 18 6 Q 75 110 16 20.1

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 222 197 55 34 12 315 520 49 10.3

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 169 148 37 21 10 195 336 31 11.4

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 35 29 13 11 Q 65 85 6 22.2

 District Heat .................................... 95 25 20 4 5 Q 30 27 6 24.2

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 12 13 Q 2 Q 11 9 4 33.6

 Propane .......................................... 337 5 4 Q Q Q 18 32 Q 41.1

 Any Other ....................................... 163 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 32.7

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 222 197 55 34 12 313 505 49 10.3

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 204 197 47 31 12 267 425 42 10.2

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 215 190 52 34 12 288 453 47 10.4

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 76 65 22 15 5 95 131 12 14.9

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 7 4 Q Q Q 16 25 Q 41.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 231
Table A60. Energy Management Practices, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.5 2.6 0.8 0.7 1.6

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 81 78 24 14 Q 132 259 24 16.0

 Two ................................................ 1,154 78 65 17 7 3 91 144 9 16.2

 Three .............................................. 446 30 25 7 5 Q 51 72 9 19.6

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 28 24 5 6 1 35 41 6 18.7

 Ten or More .................................... 13 6 5 2 2 Q 5 5 1 25.8

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 36 27 13 Q Q 103 178 15 21.8

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 27 27 Q Q Q 68 102 Q 19.7

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 45 41 Q Q Q 41 92 Q 19.6

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 50 42 8 9 Q 52 85 12 17.3

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 27 22 8 5 Q 24 33 6 18.0

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 22 22 9 6 2 18 21 2 16.5

 250 or More .................................... 31 16 16 5 2 1 9 11 2 16.6

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 23 14 Q Q Q 31 70 Q 24.7

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 68 61 9 7 Q 90 142 15 16.8

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 49 47 8 3 3 60 90 8 17.6

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 34 31 10 8 1 56 88 4 18.7

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 29 26 14 5 Q 48 75 6 20.7

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 19 18 7 9 Q 30 57 8 24.9

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 153 142 41 20 11 229 399 32 11.6

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 128 119 32 17 10 199 334 27 12.7

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 23 24 9 Q Q 27 64 3 20.6

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 30.1

 Government Owned ....................... 599 69 54 14 14 Q 86 122 18 17.5

Space-Heating Energy Source

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 1,513 79 75 24 13 6 109 202 22 15.1

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,405 147 132 32 19 7 172 299 28 12.1

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 479 18 12 Q 5 Q 52 67 Q 27.8

 District Heat .................................... 94 24 20 Q 5 Q 29 27 6 23.3

 Propane .......................................... 255 Q Q Q Q Q 12 17 Q 45.2

 Wood .............................................. 102 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 50.0

 Any Other ....................................... 39 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 103.8

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 3,404 188 180 45 29 12 252 413 39 10.4

 Natural Gas .................................... 106 11 11 Q Q Q 12 18 Q 34.4

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 12 13 Q 2 Q 11 9 4 33.6

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 1,696 86 85 23 16 Q 134 195 18 14.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 1,647 114 98 26 14 7 130 225 27 13.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 126 Q 2 Q Q Q 20 27 Q 42.7

 District Heat .................................... 38 17 13 2 4 Q 15 10 3 27.6

 Propane .......................................... 80 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 67.7

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 356 36 31 12 9 Q 49 65 6 19.9

 Natural Gas .................................... 431 52 44 14 9 4 56 76 8 17.8

 Propane .......................................... 70 Q Q Q Q Q 11 14 Q 45.3

See footnotes at end of table.

232 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A60. Energy Management Practices, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.5 2.6 0.8 0.7 1.6

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 Q Q Q Q Q Q 17 Q 27.7

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 11 7 4 Q Q 34 51 7 27.2

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 34 32 11 5 Q 45 78 6 21.6

 100 ................................................. 2,846 178 158 39 28 9 234 376 36 11.1

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 18 Q Q Q Q 48 97 Q 26.1

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 41 27 5 5 Q 82 134 7 17.8

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 49 50 12 8 3 72 107 14 16.9

 100 ................................................. 1,668 115 120 30 18 8 113 184 22 14.0

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 28.0

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 14 7 Q Q Q 48 76 Q 22.5

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 55 46 15 11 3 90 121 9 17.6

 100 ................................................. 2,699 154 143 38 23 9 177 321 36 12.0

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit ............................................. 2,987 101 84 25 18 Q 157 293 32 14.2

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,689 118 110 29 17 6 153 213 18 12.1

 51 to 99 .......................................... 43 2 2 Q Q Q Q 7 Q 44.9

 100 ................................................. 87 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 45.7

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 449 27 25 5 2 1 33 60 5 21.7

 Furnaces ........................................ 1,692 66 61 12 Q Q 109 163 Q 16.3

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 60 52 16 8 6 102 167 15 17.3

 District Heat .................................... 93 24 20 Q 5 Q 29 27 6 23.3

 Boilers ............................................ 624 62 46 18 14 3 89 132 13 13.9

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 870 65 66 19 7 4 67 113 15 16.5

 Other .............................................. 42 9 9 Q Q Q Q 7 Q 55.4

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 816 38 37 5 Q Q 60 68 Q 24.8

 Heat Pumps ................................... 454 27 25 5 2 1 36 59 5 22.2

 Individual Air Conditioners ............. 1,023 30 22 Q 7 Q 71 121 9 19.4

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 12 13 Q 2 Q 11 9 4 33.6

 Central Chillers ............................... 142 37 38 10 10 2 30 39 5 15.8

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ............................................... 1,459 105 105 29 13 8 119 206 23 14.2

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 179 7 6 Q Q Q 6 18 Q 48.7

 Other .............................................. 8 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 126.2

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 2,509 127 107 25 17 8 190 300 26 12.5

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 4,065 220 195 55 34 12 301 492 48 10.3

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 206 27 22 11 7 1 57 55 4 17.3

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 354 43 36 13 7 3 56 73 5 13.1

 Other .............................................. 78 Q Q Q Q Q 8 Q Q 48.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 233
Table A60. Energy Management Practices, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.5 2.6 0.8 0.7 1.6

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System ........................ 1,994 129 109 32 23 7 172 264 32 14.1

 Self-Heating Tank ........................ 1,799 107 91 28 16 6 147 224 28 15.6

 Heated by Space-Heating

 Equipment .................................... 103 12 9 Q 2 Q 14 23 Q 34.1

 Other ............................................ 106 12 10 2 5 Q 17 23 3 26.6

 Distributed System ......................... 1,557 92 88 22 14 6 121 204 16 15.1

 Residential-Type Storage

 Tank ............................................. 1,489 80 77 16 9 4 108 193 13 15.0

 Point-of-Use ................................. 56 9 9 Q Q Q 12 9 Q 43.9

 Other ............................................ 24 5 4 Q Q Q 4 5 Q 45.0

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

234 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A61. Energy Management Practices, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.7 1.8 0.8 0.7 1.5

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 13,412 12,489 5,162 3,897 887 11,310 14,779 2,311 11.1

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 139 136 Q Q Q 321 623 Q 18.8

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 290 241 Q Q Q 485 785 Q 17.2

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 868 730 218 161 Q 1,075 1,540 94 16.4

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 1,058 931 195 210 Q 1,105 1,820 194 19.4

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 1,944 1,626 578 324 Q 1,581 2,271 418 16.4

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 2,478 2,329 997 529 Q 1,960 2,345 304 17.1

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 3,254 3,097 913 840 152 2,548 2,891 508 19.3

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 3,381 3,399 2,194 Q 368 2,235 2,504 658 32.1

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 2,891 2,156 504 927 Q 2,560 2,810 482 17.9

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 39.0

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 118 Q Q Q Q 159 174 Q 34.1

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 918 936 Q 225 Q 911 804 Q 24.1

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 386 454 Q Q Q 707 878 Q 37.2

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 1,674 1,682 1,315 Q Q 1,728 1,878 Q 23.5

 Office .............................................. 12,319 4,400 4,231 1,459 836 430 2,707 3,793 560 13.1

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 66.6

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 Q Q Q Q Q 700 807 Q 35.2

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 58.2

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 261 199 Q Q Q 402 418 Q 34.8

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 512 466 Q Q Q 648 1,477 Q 26.4

 Other .............................................. 1,130 317 317 Q Q Q 221 Q Q 41.8

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 142 Q Q Q Q 126 705 Q 43.2

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 Q Q Q Q Q 161 360 Q 37.2

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 498 283 Q Q Q 476 905 Q 42.0

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 790 681 Q Q Q 1,244 1,763 Q 25.2

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 1,166 976 Q 235 Q 1,331 2,255 308 17.3

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 2,448 2,166 563 450 Q 2,793 3,060 376 17.5

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 2,994 2,953 955 790 Q 2,741 3,331 790 16.1

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 4,211 4,135 2,617 Q 353 2,060 2,775 318 19.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 1,196 1,218 543 303 114 504 330 56 21.7

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 2,285 1,688 787 907 302 3,436 4,136 340 20.3

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 4,123 3,735 1,190 931 259 3,279 3,944 647 15.6

 South .............................................. 24,577 4,158 4,437 Q Q 132 2,600 3,810 966 19.2

 West ............................................... 12,619 2,846 2,629 1,254 519 193 1,994 2,890 359 14.6

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 13,412 12,489 5,162 3,897 887 11,310 14,734 2,311 11.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 9,805 9,008 3,462 2,488 794 8,665 10,911 1,682 10.2

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 4,971 4,920 2,126 1,698 477 4,148 4,533 673 14.3

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 2,389 2,047 513 583 Q 1,676 1,899 864 19.3

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 1,024 1,028 340 269 Q 644 514 622 24.7

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 313 402 Q Q Q 529 810 Q 31.9

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 46.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 13,412 12,462 5,134 3,897 878 11,248 14,348 2,311 11.3

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 12,933 12,489 4,990 3,774 887 10,667 13,636 2,222 11.5

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 13,323 12,404 5,118 3,897 887 11,030 14,086 2,285 11.4

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 8,753 8,099 3,698 3,172 579 6,788 7,392 1,108 16.0

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 400 328 Q Q Q 712 1,076 Q 30.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 235
Table A61. Energy Management Practices, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.7 1.8 0.8 0.7 1.5

Floors

 One ................................................ 25,424 2,854 2,659 Q Q Q 1,686 3,070 340 19.8

 Two ................................................ 18,025 2,939 2,662 1,254 433 253 3,025 3,842 332 15.5

 Three .............................................. 9,877 1,813 1,619 601 540 Q 1,958 2,571 407 19.2

 Four to Nine ................................... 10,377 3,393 3,249 978 794 197 3,073 3,407 769 16.1

 Ten or More .................................... 4,173 2,413 2,301 853 846 291 1,567 1,889 462 23.4

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 17,944 Q Q Q Q Q 1,073 1,550 Q 27.3

 5 to 9 .............................................. 7,524 334 273 Q Q Q 713 1,073 Q 21.3

 10 to 19 .......................................... 8,077 666 568 Q Q Q 461 1,095 Q 20.0

 20 to 49 .......................................... 10,556 1,498 1,196 254 387 Q 1,630 2,497 281 16.9

 50 to 99 .......................................... 7,763 1,900 1,545 653 349 Q 1,701 2,376 561 19.1

 100 to 249 ...................................... 7,378 3,010 2,986 1,325 949 209 2,303 2,628 245 18.3

 250 or More .................................... 8,633 4,787 4,773 1,776 1,197 458 3,428 3,560 789 16.4

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 8,246 476 252 Q Q Q 660 1,245 Q 26.7

 40 to 48 .......................................... 14,998 2,317 2,119 522 525 Q 1,762 2,496 347 15.7

 49 to 60 .......................................... 14,046 2,679 2,558 731 360 257 1,932 2,811 392 15.2

 61 to 84 .......................................... 12,062 2,796 2,706 1,362 785 129 2,499 3,244 290 15.9

 85 to 167 ........................................ 8,467 2,065 1,647 830 525 Q 2,413 2,044 370 21.4

 Open Continuously ......................... 10,057 3,080 3,207 Q Q 162 2,044 2,938 671 24.2

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 52,752 8,803 8,651 4,305 2,647 734 7,030 10,274 1,534 13.3

 Owner Occupied .......................... 38,403 6,515 6,408 2,660 1,529 592 5,883 8,475 1,398 10.9

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 12,273 2,253 2,243 Q Q Q 1,105 1,753 129 28.9

 Unoccupied .................................. 2,077 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 29.8

 Government Owned ....................... 15,124 4,610 3,838 857 1,250 153 4,279 4,505 777 15.5

Space-Heating Energy Source

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 25,636 6,142 6,142 3,164 Q 365 4,570 6,331 747 17.4

 Natural Gas .................................... 38,524 7,707 7,295 2,721 1,971 536 7,325 8,765 1,340 11.5

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 7,334 1,747 1,502 319 663 Q 2,042 2,248 200 20.5

 District Heat .................................... 5,242 2,349 2,040 492 550 Q 1,607 1,880 864 19.6

 Propane .......................................... 1,568 Q Q Q Q Q 188 222 Q 50.4

 Wood .............................................. 504 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 37.4

 Any Other ....................................... 661 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 98.0

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 54,628 12,115 11,656 4,697 3,465 882 10,015 13,101 1,773 11.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 1,906 413 443 Q Q Q 461 629 Q 41.5

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 1,024 1,028 340 269 Q 644 514 622 24.7

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 25,482 5,493 5,494 2,990 Q 287 3,830 5,518 632 17.0

 Natural Gas .................................... 29,962 6,438 5,892 2,073 1,607 491 6,124 7,085 1,242 11.6

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 2,470 421 227 Q Q Q 616 776 Q 37.4

 District Heat .................................... 3,308 1,799 1,586 354 423 Q 1,135 1,378 445 24.5

 Propane .......................................... 659 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 59.1

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 12,183 5,455 5,183 2,784 2,142 306 3,729 3,562 429 21.4

 Natural Gas .................................... 15,233 5,300 4,802 1,836 1,737 448 4,906 5,155 784 15.7

 Propane .......................................... 1,039 Q Q Q Q Q 231 358 Q 49.2

See footnotes at end of table.

236 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A61. Energy Management Practices, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.7 1.8 0.8 0.7 1.5

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 6,211 Q Q Q Q Q Q 512 Q 43.5

 1 to 50 ............................................ 11,195 644 682 513 Q Q 1,360 1,707 323 35.9

 51 to 99 .......................................... 10,211 2,631 2,358 1,017 749 297 1,878 2,709 289 17.1

 100 ................................................. 40,260 10,138 9,422 3,604 2,847 466 8,010 9,852 1,699 12.9

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 10,835 479 Q Q Q Q 643 1,143 Q 26.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 21,715 2,072 1,459 727 601 Q 3,141 4,763 635 21.0

 51 to 99 .......................................... 13,872 4,634 4,570 1,417 1,138 400 3,605 4,251 489 14.5

 100 ................................................. 21,454 6,228 6,461 2,846 Q 316 3,920 4,622 1,098 17.1

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 3,280 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 26.9

 1 to 50 ............................................ 9,980 331 256 76 Q Q 1,018 1,312 Q 26.9

 51 to 99 .......................................... 14,224 4,293 3,781 2,141 Q 288 3,058 3,996 348 23.7

 100 ................................................. 40,393 8,764 8,448 2,944 1,913 550 7,232 9,411 1,688 10.0

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit ............................................. 34,486 5,410 5,050 2,291 2,140 351 4,414 6,427 1,189 17.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 31,482 7,672 7,095 2,772 1,724 511 6,492 7,909 1,022 11.9

 51 to 99 .......................................... 1,021 254 276 Q Q Q Q 328 Q 44.2

 100 ................................................. 887 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 48.0

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 8,269 1,789 1,865 664 364 162 1,568 2,295 355 19.3

 Furnaces ........................................ 16,909 1,501 1,404 564 Q Q 2,325 2,772 Q 16.6

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 22,380 4,473 4,307 1,616 645 399 4,194 5,725 758 13.4

 District Heat .................................... 5,225 2,349 2,040 492 550 Q 1,607 1,880 864 19.6

 Boilers ............................................ 20,664 6,709 6,163 2,658 2,627 495 5,475 6,211 863 17.5

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 16,000 3,372 3,282 1,641 813 422 3,063 3,568 536 15.3

 Other .............................................. 903 427 427 Q Q Q Q 414 Q 41.6

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 9,021 1,216 1,254 246 Q Q 1,687 1,732 Q 19.9

 Heat Pumps ................................... 8,406 1,648 1,729 581 327 159 1,578 2,261 359 19.1

 Individual Air Conditioners ............. 17,979 3,028 2,473 Q Q Q 3,362 4,490 408 25.7

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 1,024 1,028 340 269 Q 644 514 622 24.7

 Central Chillers ............................... 12,991 7,088 7,255 3,059 2,624 362 4,419 5,027 836 17.5

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ............................................... 27,830 5,858 5,648 2,217 1,196 502 4,951 7,052 1,020 11.5

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 2,085 423 412 Q Q Q 197 363 Q 40.5

 Other .............................................. 268 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 93.7

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 39,221 8,456 7,833 2,901 2,308 746 8,577 9,683 1,586 10.7

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 62,074 13,279 12,379 5,146 3,857 886 11,161 14,501 2,298 11.3

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 8,336 3,450 3,358 1,615 1,153 277 3,657 3,422 623 16.0

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 17,570 5,343 4,970 2,277 1,641 627 5,238 5,745 874 13.3

 Other .............................................. 1,612 371 344 159 Q Q 340 439 Q 42.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 237
Table A61. Energy Management Practices, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.7 1.8 0.8 0.7 1.5

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System ........................ 31,599 8,669 7,911 2,945 3,016 583 6,484 8,229 1,561 15.7

 Self-Heating Tank ........................ 24,464 5,662 5,253 2,420 2,063 324 4,637 5,654 1,057 19.0

 Heated by Space-Heating

 Equipment .................................... 3,722 1,611 1,352 260 419 Q 832 1,322 Q 26.6

 Other ............................................ 4,032 1,697 1,566 345 572 137 1,224 1,483 372 20.4

 Distributed System ......................... 29,502 6,253 6,098 3,231 Q 367 4,944 6,660 818 16.4

 Residential-Type Storage

 Tank ............................................. 25,809 4,491 4,330 1,919 794 340 3,745 5,761 636 13.8

 Point-of-Use ................................. 3,367 Q Q Q Q Q 1,014 794 Q 59.5

 Other ............................................ 1,259 496 492 268 Q Q 410 453 Q 36.7

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

238 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A62. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Number of Buildings,

 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.7 0.8 0.8 1.5 0.8 1.8

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 3,400 2,872 578 4,089 547 4.7

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 1,845 1,499 277 2,248 299 6.5

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 746 635 127 857 112 6.0

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 469 417 97 569 83 7.1

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 181 169 40 234 26 10.0

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 88 83 24 98 13 9.0

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 49 47 10 61 11 11.8

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 16 15 4 18 3 14.5

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 5 5 1 5 1 22.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 274 231 57 300 32 10.1

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 76 74 Q 100 Q 20.0

 Food Service ................................... 260 209 215 52 241 78 10.2

 Health Care ...................................... 63 42 45 Q 51 Q 21.5

 Lodging ............................................ 154 Q Q Q Q Q 14.5

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 1,056 800 153 1,203 175 6.7

 Office ............................................... 749 628 621 84 722 115 7.8

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 12 10 Q 15 Q 40.1

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 222 182 56 269 23 10.3

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 16 Q Q 19 Q 36.2

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 350 275 62 362 24 12.7

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 368 287 41 591 56 10.0

 Other ................................................ 69 26 24 Q 50 Q 23.8

 Vacant .............................................. 319 111 88 40 151 16 12.8

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 125 100 26 154 19 16.7

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 194 147 29 225 28 14.7

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 513 418 101 619 68 8.8

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 632 540 103 752 97 7.7

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 539 453 102 653 63 8.2

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 702 607 101 838 149 7.8

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 604 532 104 745 109 7.7

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 90 74 12 104 15 18.2

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 570 434 150 671 125 9.8

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 834 628 113 1,034 113 10.5

 South ............................................... 1,963 1,386 1,310 176 1,647 174 7.6

 West ................................................. 870 609 500 139 737 135 12.3

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 3,398 2,872 578 4,079 547 4.7

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 2,140 1,872 353 2,400 327 6.4

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 450 298 102 500 71 11.9

 District Heat ..................................... 95 63 60 13 75 6 16.1

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 20 20 4 23 Q 26.0

 Propane ........................................... 337 274 196 55 304 66 15.8

 Any Other ......................................... 163 130 47 Q 139 Q 17.2

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 239
Table A62. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Number of Buildings,

 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.7 0.8 0.8 1.5 0.8 1.8

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 3,400 2,821 557 3,768 523 4.8

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 2,804 2,872 445 3,168 446 4.8

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 3,502 2,745 2,425 578 3,125 452 4.9

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 560 532 160 639 132 7.4

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 121 98 78 20 111 30 18.1

Floors

 One .................................................. 3,007 2,074 1,733 316 2,528 337 6.3

 Two .................................................. 1,154 888 752 169 1,021 124 5.8

 Three ............................................... 446 309 265 61 380 63 10.3

 Four to Nine ..................................... 186 120 112 29 151 22 13.8

 Ten or More ..................................... 13 9 9 4 9 2 20.4

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 1,733 1,336 268 2,170 236 6.8

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 734 659 110 841 139 6.3

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 448 413 90 521 91 8.1

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 318 305 63 362 49 7.5

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 99 92 30 117 19 10.0

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 47 46 11 54 8 11.7

 250 or More ..................................... 31 21 22 6 25 5 14.0

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 656 485 144 809 57 9.0

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 1,044 884 152 1,247 160 6.5

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 824 700 113 968 157 6.7

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 535 471 89 621 99 6.3

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 340 333 80 444 74 9.2

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 Q Q Q Q Q 10.1

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 4,206 2,991 2,550 505 3,596 495 4.8

 Owner Occupied ............................ 3,192 2,332 1,960 395 2,785 372 5.2

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 817 613 557 82 743 117 8.1

 Unoccupied .................................... 197 46 34 28 68 Q 18.6

 Government Owned ......................... 599 408 321 73 494 52 8.8

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ......................................... 1,107 830 758 155 940 131 7.7

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,276 1,890 1,631 281 2,088 278 6.7

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 394 345 216 73 374 59 13.8

 District Heat ..................................... 91 60 57 12 72 6 16.3

 Propane ........................................... 217 192 133 29 206 39 20.9

 Wood ............................................... 68 61 Q Q 64 Q 28.8

 Any Other ......................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 3,404 2,722 2,790 438 3,077 430 4.8

 Natural Gas ...................................... 106 87 87 10 100 21 13.6

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 20 20 4 23 Q 26.0

See footnotes at end of table.

240 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A62. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Number of Buildings,

 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.7 0.8 0.8 1.5 0.8 1.8

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 1,696 1,341 1,186 298 1,539 214 5.7

 Natural Gas ...................................... 1,647 1,286 1,163 239 1,450 210 7.6

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 126 103 73 39 119 20 19.0

 District Heat ..................................... 38 22 19 6 27 Q 21.4

 Propane ........................................... 80 62 47 17 70 Q 26.8

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 356 260 252 71 306 74 10.2

 Natural Gas ...................................... 431 340 320 91 370 70 9.7

 Propane ........................................... 70 49 48 20 63 Q 22.2

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 653 Q 53 22 340 24 17.1

 1 to 50 .............................................. 688 581 427 94 626 79 8.9

 51 to 99 ............................................ 618 525 452 78 561 102 8.2

 100 ................................................... 2,846 2,280 1,939 385 2,562 342 5.1

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 1,304 596 Q 133 922 101 8.7

 1 to 50 .............................................. 1,176 964 1,001 172 1,090 156 6.3

 51 to 99 ............................................ 658 517 535 77 580 101 8.5

 100 ................................................... 1,668 1,323 1,335 195 1,498 189 6.6

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit .............................................. 413 67 41 30 101 Q 17.0

 1 to 50 .............................................. 881 645 498 84 802 82 7.7

 51 to 99 ............................................ 813 648 562 114 752 121 7.2

 100 ................................................... 2,699 2,040 1,771 350 2,434 338 5.4

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit .............................................. 2,987 1,884 1,475 322 2,345 286 6.1

 1 to 50 .............................................. 1,689 1,435 1,326 238 1,662 253 5.6

 51 to 99 ............................................ 43 32 30 Q 34 Q 22.6

 100 ................................................... 87 49 41 Q 48 Q 23.2

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 449 335 328 64 392 43 12.0

 Furnaces .......................................... 1,692 1,437 1,191 199 1,575 215 6.8

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 1,187 881 154 1,289 200 7.6

 District Heat ..................................... 93 61 59 13 73 6 16.1

 Boilers .............................................. 624 477 388 127 546 88 6.6

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 870 721 712 131 795 122 9.4

 Other ................................................ 42 30 27 Q 36 Q 32.7

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 816 673 687 86 757 98 10.2

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 454 337 334 63 397 43 11.9

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 1,023 787 825 123 899 138 7.6

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 20 20 4 23 Q 26.0

 Central Chillers ................................ 142 103 106 28 118 16 13.2

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,459 1,178 1,214 187 1,331 195 7.0

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 179 149 152 23 167 27 24.6

 Other ................................................ 8 Q Q Q 8 Q 59.2

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 241
Table A62. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Number of Buildings,

 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.7 0.8 0.8 1.5 0.8 1.8

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent ................................... 2,509 1,862 1,559 331 2,231 334 5.8

 Standard Fluorescent ...................... 4,065 3,144 2,696 520 3,709 522 4.6

 Compact Fluorescent ....................... 206 157 139 36 174 42 13.3

 High-Intensity Discharge .................. 354 258 229 43 316 53 8.4

 Other ................................................ 78 66 61 8 76 21 19.4

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System .......................... 1,994 1,550 1,345 332 1,788 299 7.9

 Self-Heating Tank .......................... 1,799 1,405 1,215 292 1,623 277 8.5

 Heated by Space-Heating

 Equipment ..................................... 103 84 72 18 92 19 18.8

 Other .............................................. 106 69 63 26 82 4 20.5

 Distributed System ........................... 1,557 1,233 1,111 258 1,379 157 8.1

 Residential-Type Storage

 Tank .............................................. 1,489 1,188 1,069 246 1,327 153 8.4

 Point-of-Use Heaters ..................... 56 42 41 11 45 7 17.0

 Other .............................................. 24 12 10 2 16 Q 23.3

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............. 4,357 3,243 2,761 568 3,812 523 4.9

 Building Shell ................................... 4,223 3,146 2,683 555 3,698 508 5.0

 HVAC ............................................... 2,604 2,046 1,807 377 2,327 327 5.3

 Lighting ............................................ 1,178 907 813 189 1,036 163 6.5

 Other ................................................ 264 215 179 38 229 42 12.2

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 3,400 3,400 2,736 544 3,349 486 4.9

 Cooling ............................................. 2,872 2,736 2,872 435 2,827 407 4.9

 Hot Water ......................................... 578 544 435 578 574 106 7.7

 Lighting ............................................ 4,089 3,349 2,827 574 4,089 541 4.7

 Other ................................................ 547 486 407 106 541 547 10.1

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for

explanation of abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey.

242 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A63. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Floorspace,

 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.9

All Buildings ..................................... 67,876 46,248 42,768 9,966 54,944 7,996 4.7

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 7,327 5,109 4,160 813 6,183 839 7.0

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 7,199 5,502 4,691 968 6,328 803 5.9

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 10,375 7,504 6,690 1,546 9,130 1,333 6.8

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 10,069 6,566 6,097 1,463 8,460 872 10.2

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 8,062 6,191 5,824 1,664 6,850 935 8.9

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 9,678 6,622 6,368 1,353 8,245 1,435 11.5

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 7,889 4,637 4,643 1,210 5,300 817 14.6

 Over 500,000 ................................... 7,278 4,118 4,295 949 4,448 962 21.4

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 8,470 7,703 6,846 2,567 8,368 1,117 8.8

 Food Sales ....................................... 757 359 352 Q 529 Q 23.0

 Food Service ................................... 1,491 1,165 1,177 277 1,370 435 12.1

 Health Care ...................................... 1,763 420 440 Q 477 Q 20.7

 Lodging ............................................ 2,891 Q Q Q Q Q 17.2

 Mercantile and Service .................... 12,402 10,411 9,412 1,831 11,888 1,684 11.1

 Office ............................................... 12,319 10,221 10,153 2,179 11,612 2,052 7.5

 Parking Garage ................................ 1,652 224 180 Q 360 Q 40.7

 Public Assembly .............................. 4,556 2,856 2,562 738 3,299 229 15.6

 Public Order and Safety ................... 820 158 Q Q 188 Q 31.8

 Religious Worship ............................ 3,747 3,467 2,967 553 3,628 183 16.0

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 11,484 6,828 6,283 1,012 9,796 1,334 13.2

 Other ................................................ 1,130 512 603 Q 829 Q 22.8

 Vacant .............................................. 4,396 1,853 1,555 457 2,453 681 20.2

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 1,721 1,231 1,047 193 1,615 182 16.6

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 3,608 2,571 2,183 433 3,158 644 20.4

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 8,712 5,927 5,264 1,345 7,275 1,138 14.5

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 10,421 7,385 6,666 1,447 8,738 1,199 9.3

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 12,612 8,816 8,373 2,070 10,456 1,142 10.5

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 14,014 9,221 8,756 1,947 10,971 1,711 7.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 14,287 9,235 8,776 2,153 10,724 1,589 10.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 2,502 1,862 1,703 380 2,007 390 16.0

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 13,400 9,784 8,647 3,239 11,022 2,092 11.7

 Midwest ............................................ 17,280 11,672 10,289 1,513 13,927 1,101 8.7

 South ............................................... 24,577 15,849 15,770 3,068 19,511 2,784 7.4

 West ................................................. 12,619 8,943 8,062 2,146 10,483 2,019 8.8

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 66,549 46,241 42,768 9,966 54,790 7,996 4.8

 Natural Gas ...................................... 45,097 33,985 31,820 7,212 38,038 5,361 5.9

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 13,218 8,778 8,045 3,172 9,855 1,546 8.9

 District Heat ..................................... 5,339 2,877 2,703 597 3,208 474 15.2

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 1,058 1,061 326 1,149 Q 21.7

 Propane ........................................... 3,393 2,420 2,039 630 2,719 564 15.8

 Any Other ......................................... 1,551 1,182 824 Q 1,285 Q 28.9

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 243
Table A63. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Floorspace,

 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.9

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 61,996 46,248 42,090 9,854 51,638 7,839 4.9

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 57,041 41,926 42,768 8,831 47,342 7,291 5.1

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 58,479 42,817 40,185 9,966 48,476 7,424 5.0

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 23,065 15,994 15,633 4,555 17,764 2,854 8.1

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 3,174 2,453 2,277 438 2,703 712 16.0

Floors

 One .................................................. 25,424 17,330 15,529 2,961 21,177 3,303 7.0

 Two .................................................. 18,025 14,059 12,948 2,892 15,994 2,071 7.3

 Three ............................................... 9,877 6,751 6,435 1,503 8,169 1,008 9.8

 Four to Nine ..................................... 10,377 5,181 4,887 1,513 6,520 957 12.3

 Ten or More ..................................... 4,173 2,927 2,968 1,098 3,085 657 18.8

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 17,944 9,628 7,658 1,602 12,716 1,151 8.6

 5 to 9 ................................................ 7,524 5,842 5,193 904 6,833 1,055 8.3

 10 to 19 ............................................ 8,077 5,649 5,169 1,216 7,168 1,067 9.2

 20 to 49 ............................................ 10,556 8,030 7,747 1,724 9,110 1,235 8.4

 50 to 99 ............................................ 7,763 6,026 5,799 1,366 6,733 1,234 12.5

 100 to 249 ........................................ 7,378 5,194 5,108 1,363 5,861 1,054 13.8

 250 or More ..................................... 8,633 5,878 6,095 1,791 6,523 1,199 14.0

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 8,246 5,241 4,078 1,500 6,324 695 11.9

 40 to 48 ............................................ 14,998 11,764 10,698 2,409 14,685 1,877 7.0

 49 to 60 ............................................ 14,046 12,021 11,114 2,356 13,832 2,284 7.0

 61 to 84 ............................................ 12,062 10,403 10,219 2,277 11,916 2,062 10.4

 85 to 167 .......................................... 8,467 6,819 6,660 1,425 8,187 1,078 11.6

 Open Continuously .......................... 10,057 Q Q Q Q Q 17.6

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 52,752 35,676 33,041 7,052 43,036 6,228 5.3

 Owner Occupied ............................ 38,403 26,466 24,214 5,029 31,884 4,231 4.8

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 12,273 8,684 8,430 1,765 10,338 1,939 10.5

 Unoccupied .................................... 2,077 526 398 258 814 Q 21.8

 Government Owned ......................... 15,124 10,572 9,727 2,914 11,908 1,767 8.9

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ......................................... 15,502 10,439 9,788 2,604 11,948 1,913 8.8

 Natural Gas ...................................... 35,161 27,746 25,608 5,139 30,879 4,426 6.8

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 4,415 3,707 2,935 1,300 4,004 680 15.7

 District Heat ..................................... 5,014 2,659 2,489 564 2,971 458 16.0

 Propane ........................................... 1,101 955 734 170 1,049 276 23.2

 Wood ............................................... 257 218 Q Q 242 Q 24.0

 Any Other ......................................... 546 525 Q Q 546 Q 58.7

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 54,628 40,349 41,173 8,479 45,643 7,000 5.2

 Natural Gas ...................................... 1,906 1,329 1,320 186 1,534 501 20.0

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 1,058 1,061 326 1,149 Q 21.7

See footnotes at end of table.

244 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A63. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Floorspace,

 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.9

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 25,482 18,864 18,052 4,279 22,061 3,497 7.6

 Natural Gas ...................................... 29,962 21,990 20,532 4,908 24,389 3,609 6.9

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 2,470 2,008 1,623 964 2,107 367 20.9

 District Heat ..................................... 3,308 1,739 1,651 387 1,980 Q 20.0

 Propane ........................................... 659 557 454 270 581 Q 31.1

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 12,183 8,627 8,325 2,430 9,461 1,811 12.0

 Natural Gas ...................................... 15,233 10,693 10,612 2,985 11,858 1,631 10.1

 Propane ........................................... 1,039 729 710 288 820 Q 29.0

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 6,211 Q 771 115 3,551 156 22.6

 1 to 50 .............................................. 11,195 8,552 7,616 1,340 9,474 1,725 13.5

 51 to 99 ............................................ 10,211 8,053 7,616 1,926 8,837 1,765 9.0

 100 ................................................... 40,260 29,493 26,765 6,585 33,082 4,350 5.1

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 10,835 4,322 Q 1,135 7,602 704 10.5

 1 to 50 .............................................. 21,715 16,548 16,782 3,304 18,829 3,095 8.0

 51 to 99 ............................................ 13,872 10,204 10,766 2,410 11,369 1,993 9.4

 100 ................................................... 21,454 15,174 15,221 3,117 17,144 2,204 7.0

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit .............................................. 3,280 549 376 261 931 Q 21.0

 1 to 50 .............................................. 9,980 7,112 6,132 941 9,075 1,117 10.5

 51 to 99 ............................................ 14,224 10,292 9,896 2,617 11,767 1,611 8.2

 100 ................................................... 40,393 28,295 26,364 6,147 33,171 5,205 5.9

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit .............................................. 34,486 17,880 15,259 3,706 22,449 2,900 6.6

 1 to 50 .............................................. 31,482 27,215 26,285 5,934 31,126 4,871 5.8

 51 to 99 ............................................ 1,021 748 827 Q 903 Q 22.4

 100 ................................................... 887 405 398 Q 466 Q 25.8

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,269 5,587 5,605 1,275 6,607 754 10.5

 Furnaces .......................................... 16,909 14,148 12,673 1,850 15,547 2,412 8.2

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 22,380 16,889 15,017 2,635 18,578 3,427 7.5

 District Heat ..................................... 5,225 2,830 2,663 586 3,146 474 15.3

 Boilers .............................................. 20,664 14,367 13,369 4,512 16,319 2,301 7.5

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 16,000 12,862 12,835 2,623 14,078 2,221 9.6

 Other ................................................ 903 564 542 Q 647 Q 29.3

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 9,021 7,011 7,147 1,126 7,900 1,102 9.3

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,406 5,753 5,822 1,330 6,732 773 10.3

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 17,979 11,708 12,112 2,306 13,493 2,177 10.4

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 1,058 1,061 326 1,149 Q 21.7

 Central Chillers ................................ 12,991 7,870 8,233 2,525 8,883 1,575 10.1

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 27,830 20,867 21,335 4,190 23,440 3,983 6.5

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 2,085 1,614 1,639 253 1,758 Q 24.9

 Other ................................................ 268 Q Q Q 237 Q 52.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 245
Table A63. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Floorspace,

 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.9

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent ................................... 39,221 27,823 25,769 6,665 32,756 4,989 6.0

 Standard Fluorescent ...................... 62,074 44,726 41,757 9,483 51,840 7,831 4.8

 Compact Fluorescent ....................... 8,336 5,812 5,617 1,659 6,317 1,170 11.5

 High-Intensity Discharge .................. 17,570 12,443 11,986 3,081 14,013 2,170 9.5

 Other ................................................ 1,612 1,208 1,150 158 1,325 228 20.2

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System .......................... 31,599 21,660 20,206 5,736 25,008 4,100 6.6

 Self-Heating Tank .......................... 24,464 16,996 15,694 4,453 19,951 3,368 7.7

 Heated by Space-Heating

 Equipment ..................................... 3,722 2,410 2,303 604 2,577 484 19.4

 Other .............................................. 4,032 2,435 2,379 754 2,723 264 16.6

 Distributed System ........................... 29,502 22,288 21,047 4,556 24,757 3,618 7.8

 Residential-Type Storage

 Tank .............................................. 25,809 20,255 19,122 4,167 22,633 3,312 7.9

 Point-of-Use Heaters ..................... 3,367 1,932 1,849 332 2,009 Q 29.1

 Other .............................................. 1,259 723 688 151 767 Q 24.3

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............. 64,403 45,323 42,049 9,901 52,836 7,887 4.9

 Building Shell ................................... 62,056 44,055 40,921 9,745 51,227 7,741 4.9

 HVAC ............................................... 50,281 36,041 34,136 8,391 40,914 5,783 4.9

 Lighting ............................................ 29,453 20,997 20,334 4,955 23,627 3,616 6.6

 Other ................................................ 5,952 4,236 3,851 982 4,467 783 10.0

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 46,248 46,248 40,965 9,705 45,945 7,182 4.9

 Cooling ............................................. 42,768 40,965 42,768 8,608 42,420 6,617 5.2

 Hot Water ......................................... 9,966 9,705 8,608 9,966 9,929 2,040 7.1

 Lighting ............................................ 54,944 45,945 42,420 9,929 54,944 7,957 4.6

 Other ................................................ 7,996 7,182 6,617 2,040 7,957 7,996 12.2

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for

explanation of abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey.

246 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A64. Participation in Lighting Demand-Side Management (DSM) Program,

 Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

Lighting

DSM

Programs

Type of Lighting Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.3 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.8

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 315 228 73 98 105 30 10.2

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 103 75 18 32 36 Q 17.8

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 66 47 17 26 24 Q 18.8

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 68 46 14 20 18 Q 16.7

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 30 25 10 10 11 Q 18.1

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 23 16 7 5 8 Q 16.9

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 14 9 3 2 4 3 20.1

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26983232 21.2

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 2 2 1 1 1 Q 22.2

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 54 37 16 14 24 5 19.3

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q Q Q Q Q Q 38.9

 Food Service ................................. 260 24 18 Q Q Q Q 25.7

 Health Care .................................... 63 11 10 Q Q 6 Q 35.0

 Lodging .......................................... 154 21 18 Q Q Q Q 30.4

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 50 40 14 18 15 Q 22.6

 Office .............................................. 749 62 47 21 26 17 6 16.8

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 Q Q Q Q Q Q 67.6

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 24 14 Q Q Q Q 22.1

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q Q Q Q Q Q 53.3

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 15 Q Q Q Q Q 31.1

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 24 17 Q Q 9 Q 29.4

 Other .............................................. 69 Q Q Q Q Q Q 46.5

 Vacant ............................................ 319 7 Q Q Q Q Q 36.4

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 12 9 Q Q Q Q 39.5

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 18 14 Q Q Q Q 34.5

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 45 36 11 18 17 Q 24.3

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 55 42 16 11 16 Q 18.6

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 53 39 8 14 25 4 19.8

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 74 53 15 24 24 8 17.7

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 51 31 10 18 12 5 20.5

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 7 4 2 1 Q Q 35.2

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 99 85 30 41 45 9 18.3

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 68 49 14 10 32 4 21.8

 South .............................................. 1,963 72 44 10 22 7 10 20.7

 West ............................................... 870 75 50 19 25 21 8 20.9

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 315 228 73 98 105 30 10.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 195 144 55 55 69 19 12.3

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 65 50 16 25 20 6 18.1

 District Heat .................................... 95 30 21 4 9 14 3 25.1

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 11 6 Q 4 Q Q 40.5

 Propane .......................................... 337 18 14 Q Q Q Q 35.7

 Any Other ....................................... 163 Q Q Q Q Q Q 33.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 247
Table A64. Participation in Lighting Demand-Side Management (DSM) Program,

 Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

Lighting

DSM

Programs

Type of Lighting Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.3 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.8

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 229 165 50 75 79 19 11.9

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 199 146 42 68 73 17 12.5

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 27 19 8 7 7 Q 24.9

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 Q Q Q Q Q Q 30.5

 Government Owned ....................... 599 86 62 22 23 25 11 17.8

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

248 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A65. Participation in Lighting Demand-Side Management (DSM) Program,

 Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

Lighting

DSM

Programs

Type of Lighting Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.4 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.1 2.1

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 11,310 8,805 3,168 2,691 3,785 1,946 9.3

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 321 225 60 94 113 Q 18.9

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 485 345 130 188 175 Q 19.0

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 1,075 704 225 302 298 Q 16.9

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 1,105 951 373 385 427 Q 18.2

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 1,581 1,128 501 357 549 Q 17.5

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 1,960 1,235 468 322 584 390 20.5

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 2,548 2,247 854 544 1,018 445 21.7

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 2,235 1,970 557 499 620 Q 21.6

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 2,560 1,933 791 608 1,083 293 19.9

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 Q Q Q Q Q Q 39.4

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 159 112 Q Q Q Q 30.8

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 911 715 Q Q 343 Q 25.3

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 707 515 Q Q Q Q 34.7

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 1,728 1,482 368 292 311 Q 26.2

 Office .............................................. 12,319 2,707 2,062 924 888 901 347 13.0

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 Q Q Q Q Q Q 67.3

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 700 432 Q Q Q Q 34.2

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 Q Q Q Q Q Q 58.8

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 402 Q Q Q Q Q 39.7

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 648 537 Q Q 256 Q 25.1

 Other .............................................. 1,130 221 194 Q Q Q Q 43.5

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 126 Q Q Q Q Q 37.8

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 161 144 Q Q Q Q 34.5

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 476 374 Q Q Q Q 35.6

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 1,244 871 364 270 431 Q 22.6

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 1,331 1,105 420 233 489 Q 21.9

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 2,793 2,236 528 655 869 991 20.3

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 2,741 2,314 943 655 984 424 16.3

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 2,060 1,359 514 497 589 161 17.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 504 402 255 142 131 Q 26.0

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 3,436 3,014 1,018 1,001 1,597 Q 16.2

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 3,279 2,620 1,068 537 1,039 448 18.9

 South .............................................. 24,577 2,600 1,740 562 559 433 478 17.6

 West ............................................... 12,619 1,994 1,431 520 594 715 310 14.8

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 11,310 8,805 3,168 2,691 3,785 1,946 9.3

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 8,665 6,855 2,494 2,046 2,831 1,602 11.2

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 4,148 3,410 1,173 1,148 1,653 669 13.0

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 1,676 1,305 497 349 747 391 20.0

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 644 479 Q 139 124 Q 31.2

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 529 427 Q Q Q Q 33.6

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 Q Q Q Q Q Q 46.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 249
Table A65. Participation in Lighting Demand-Side Management (DSM) Program,

 Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

Lighting

DSM

Programs

Type of Lighting Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.4 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.1 2.1

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 52,752 7,030 5,492 1,994 1,829 2,418 946 9.2

 Owner Occupied .......................... 38,403 5,883 4,691 1,755 1,617 2,077 849 9.6

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 12,273 1,105 772 239 183 341 Q 23.8

 Unoccupied .................................. 2,077 Q Q Q Q Q Q 30.2

 Government Owned ....................... 15,124 4,279 3,313 1,174 862 1,366 1,000 17.6

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

250 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A66. Participation in Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Demand-Side

 Management (DSM) Program, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

HVAC

DSM

Programs

Type of HVAC Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.3 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.5

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 315 154 56 60 48 43 10.5

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 103 46 20 18 20 Q 18.9

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 66 30 Q Q Q Q 17.9

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 68 36 11 16 Q 11 17.7

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 30 14 Q 6 Q Q 19.5

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 23 12 4 4 2 4 19.5

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 14 9 4 3 3 4 19.7

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26952212 25.2

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 2 2 (*) 1 1 (*) 27.0

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 54 32 10 8 17 7 22.0

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q Q Q Q Q Q 41.5

 Food Service ................................. 260 24 Q Q Q Q Q 26.7

 Health Care .................................... 63 11 4 Q Q Q 2 32.1

 Lodging .......................................... 154 21 8 Q Q Q Q 34.2

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 50 21 Q 12 Q Q 22.8

 Office .............................................. 749 62 27 13 12 5 8 19.5

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 Q Q Q Q Q Q 72.2

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 24 15 Q Q Q Q 24.1

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q Q Q Q Q Q 56.9

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 15 Q Q Q Q Q 33.2

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 24 13 Q Q Q Q 28.7

 Other .............................................. 69 Q Q Q Q Q Q 49.6

 Vacant ............................................ 319 7 Q Q Q Q Q 38.9

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 12 Q Q Q Q Q 39.9

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 18 7 Q Q Q Q 37.3

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 45 14 8 Q Q Q 26.8

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 55 24 6 Q 10 4 22.2

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 53 29 8 10 10 8 22.6

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 74 43 19 14 6 12 20.1

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 51 27 8 15 12 8 21.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 7 Q 1 Q Q Q 40.4

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 99 30 11 13 7 11 21.1

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 68 33 13 10 9 10 19.1

 South .............................................. 1,963 72 49 18 19 13 9 21.5

 West ............................................... 870 75 41 14 19 19 13 20.5

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 315 154 56 60 48 43 10.4

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 195 92 38 33 31 27 11.6

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 65 32 7 13 4 11 21.5

 District Heat .................................... 95 30 16 4 8 6 5 28.9

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 11 6 Q Q Q Q 46.4

 Propane .......................................... 337 18 8 Q Q Q Q 40.2

 Any Other ....................................... 163 Q Q Q Q Q Q 35.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 251
Table A66. Participation in Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Demand-Side

 Management (DSM) Program, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

HVAC

DSM

Programs

Type of HVAC Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.3 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.5

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 229 104 41 44 27 30 11.7

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 199 89 34 37 22 26 12.3

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 27 13 7 5 5 Q 25.4

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 Q Q Q Q Q Q 32.6

 Government Owned ....................... 599 86 49 15 16 21 13 19.9

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

252 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A67. Participation in Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Demand-Side

 Management (DSM) Program, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

HVAC

DSM

Programs

Type of HVAC Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.4 0.7 0.9 1.4 1.1 1.6 1.5

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 11,310 6,370 2,389 2,395 1,775 2,086 9.9

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 321 152 69 60 70 Q 19.7

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 485 222 Q Q Q Q 16.7

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 1,075 595 186 247 Q 177 17.6

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 1,105 541 Q 229 Q Q 19.9

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 1,581 843 289 321 154 320 19.5

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 1,960 1,236 553 449 361 529 20.3

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 2,548 1,490 636 502 312 537 25.4

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 2,235 1,291 430 509 498 274 23.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 2,560 1,434 595 547 358 522 22.6

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 Q Q Q Q Q Q 41.7

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 159 Q Q Q Q Q 30.8

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 911 663 Q Q Q 410 27.5

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 707 510 Q Q Q Q 36.9

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 1,728 690 Q 287 Q Q 25.3

 Office .............................................. 12,319 2,707 1,696 730 697 370 417 14.0

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 Q Q Q Q Q Q 71.2

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 700 461 Q Q Q Q 35.1

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 Q Q Q Q Q Q 62.2

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 402 Q Q Q Q Q 42.0

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 648 320 Q Q Q Q 28.8

 Other .............................................. 1,130 221 Q Q Q Q Q 44.2

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 126 Q Q Q Q Q 40.0

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 161 Q Q Q Q Q 35.6

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 476 189 Q Q Q Q 38.3

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 1,244 741 350 Q Q Q 29.3

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 1,331 629 182 Q 159 180 21.1

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 2,793 1,497 369 642 308 638 19.3

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 2,741 1,637 796 417 480 494 20.1

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 2,060 1,289 436 554 388 368 19.1

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 504 330 196 207 141 142 26.7

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 3,436 1,386 601 672 546 357 19.4

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 3,279 1,988 742 675 393 649 20.5

 South .............................................. 24,577 2,600 1,777 566 555 299 619 17.5

 West ............................................... 12,619 1,994 1,220 479 495 537 461 16.3

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 11,310 6,370 2,389 2,395 1,775 2,086 9.9

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 8,665 4,910 1,806 1,670 1,343 1,679 11.3

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 4,148 2,818 797 1,076 872 1,084 14.3

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 1,676 966 410 437 341 317 22.7

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 644 418 Q 225 131 178 25.8

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 529 365 Q Q Q Q 35.6

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 Q Q Q Q Q Q 49.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 253
Table A67. Participation in Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Demand-Side

 Management (DSM) Program, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

HVAC

DSM

Programs

Type of HVAC Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.4 0.7 0.9 1.4 1.1 1.6 1.5

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 52,752 7,030 4,120 1,473 1,477 1,196 1,177 9.5

 Owner Occupied .......................... 38,403 5,883 3,407 1,232 1,271 948 1,008 10.3

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 12,273 1,105 701 241 193 248 Q 24.2

 Unoccupied .................................. 2,077 Q Q Q Q Q Q 31.9

 Government Owned ....................... 15,124 4,279 2,250 915 919 578 909 19.4

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

254 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A68. Principal Building Activity, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor 0.9 1.1

All Buildings ........................................................ 4,806 67,876 3.7

Principal Building Activity

 Education ............................................................ 301 8,470 7.5

 Food Sales ......................................................... 130 757 14.5

 Food Service ..................................................... 260 1,491 8.7

 Health Care

 Inpatient ............................................................. 19 1,287 18.7

 Outpatient .......................................................... 44 476 17.8

 Laboratory .......................................................... 19 510 23.7

 Lodging ............................................................... 131 2,175 12.7

 Mercantile and Service ....................................... 1,272 12,402 6.3

 Office .................................................................. 749 12,319 5.8

 Parking Garage .................................................. 24 1,652 25.0

 Public Assembly ................................................. 278 4,556 12.8

 Public Order and Safety ..................................... 60 820 20.7

 Religious Worship ............................................... 366 3,747 10.9

 Skilled Nursing .................................................... 23 715 22.2

 Warehouse and Storage

 Nonrefrigerated .................................................. 733 11,056 8.1

 Refrigerated ....................................................... 28 428 26.2

 Other ................................................................... 50 620 18.1

 Vacant ................................................................ 319 4,396 10.4

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation

of abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 255
Table A69. Energy Sources Used for Particular End Uses, Number of Buildings, 

 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Using

Energy

Energy End Use in Building

RSE

Row

Factor

Primary

Space

Heating

Secondary

Space

Heating

Water

Heating Cooling Cooking

ManufacturingElectricity

Generation

 0.9 1.7 1.5 1.1 0.3 0.7 1.9 1.1

All Buildings ................................... 4,620 4,178 682 3,502 3,502 734 121 153 5.4 

Energy Sources Used for End Use

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 1,107 406 1,696 3,404 356 95 Q 5.8 

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 2,276 130 1,647 106 431 22 44 8.8 

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 394 84 126 Q Q Q 73 13.6 

 District Heat .................................... 95 91 4 38 (*) 6 Q Q 20.6 

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 -- -- -- 28 -- -- -- 5.5 

 Propane .......................................... 337 217 38 80 Q 70 9 9 21.5 

 Wood .............................................. 103 68 33 Q -- Q Q Q 12.8 

 Any Other ....................................... 67 Q Q Q Q Q Q 25 24.6 

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

-- = Data not applicable.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

256 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A70. Energy Sources Used for Particular End Uses, Floorspace, 

 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Using

Energy

Energy End Use in Building

RSE

Row

Factor

Primary

Space

Heating

Secondary

Space

Heating

Water

Heating Cooling Cooking

ManufacturingElectricity

Generation

 0.8 1.3 1.7 1.1 0.3 1.0 1.5 0.9

Total Floorspace ............................ 66,574 61,996 16,517 58,479 57,041 23,065 3,174 10,373 5.7 

Energy Sources Used for End Use

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 15,502 10,134 25,482 54,628 12,183 2,579 Q 7.6 

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 35,161 3,363 29,962 1,906 15,233 799 2,691 8.8 

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 4,415 2,919 2,470 Q Q Q 6,984 10.9 

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 5,014 449 3,308 210 809 Q Q 19.0 

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 -- -- -- 2,066 -- -- -- 5.4 

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 1,101 466 659 Q 1,039 201 312 22.1 

 Wood .............................................. 518 257 248 Q -- Q Q Q 11.9 

 Any Other ....................................... 1,067 546 Q Q Q Q Q 358 33.4 

-- = Data not applicable.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 257