Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 386 226 297 8 121 142 443

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 162 164 202 N 56 38 241

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 56 44 65 N 38 21 97

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 60 Q 23 Q 19 38 83

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 48 Q Q Q Q 23 14

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 39 Q Q Q 3 11 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 16 Q N Q Q 7 4

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 5 N Q 2 Q 4 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 Q N N 1 N Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 12 Q 32 Q Q Q 37

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 26 Q 34 Q Q 11 66

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 78 Q 30 Q Q 17 62

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 60 Q Q 1 Q 25 59

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 58 Q 46 2 14 25 90

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 44 33 46 2 18 21 44

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 75 56 66 0 36 30 68

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 32 Q Q Q Q 6 17

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 31 40 37 1 17 27 76

 New England .................................. 233 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 21 Q 27 1 Q 9 46

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 63 57 88 2 29 34 111

 East North Central .......................... 696 34 43 54 1 19 15 69

 West North Central ......................... 571 29 Q 34 Q Q 19 42

South ................................................ 1,775 156 94 127 4 44 52 197

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 87 49 61 Q 25 26 106

 East South Central .......................... 348 Q Q 24 Q Q 13 42

 West South Central ......................... 553 56 Q 42 1 Q 13 49

West ................................................. 878 136 Q 45 1 30 30 60

 Mountain ......................................... 299 39 Q Q Q Q 16 21

 Pacific ............................................. 580 97 Q 34 1 17 14 39

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 38 45 48 1 21 29 69

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 89 59 71 2 29 38 103

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 35 Q 45 1 22 25 88

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 143 57 78 3 28 36 133

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 81 Q 54 1 21 15 50

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 281 183 210 Q 68 48 311

Two ................................................... 1,031 60 29 54 Q 37 52 103

Three ................................................ 339 31 Q 28 Q Q 17 25

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 14 Q Q 3 3 23 Q

Ten or More ...................................... 12 Q N N 1 Q 3 Q

Table B11. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Number of Buildings for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Health Care

All

Buildings* Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 81

Released: June 2006

Next CBECS will be conducted in 2007
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 386 226 297 8 121 142 443

Table B11. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Number of Buildings for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Health Care

All

Buildings* Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 50 Q Q 6 12 30 14

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 37 Q Q Q 8 11 Q

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 12 N Q 3 3 17 Q

 Six or More ..................................... 13 Q N N 2 Q Q Q

Any Escalators .................................. 6 Q N Q Q Q Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 150 162 101 N Q 78 268

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 49 Q 92 N 41 18 90

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 57 Q 68 Q Q 18 57

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 69 Q 30 Q 26 16 14

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 42 Q Q Q Q 8 12

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 15 Q Q 4 5 4 3

250 or More ...................................... 30 3 N N 3 Q Q Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 74 Q 26 N Q Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 124 Q Q N 53 Q 96

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 119 Q 35 N 32 N 159

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 56 46 102 N Q Q 118

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 12 106 101 N Q Q 30

Open Continuously ........................... 475 Q 45 Q 8 Q 140 Q

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 141 224 283 7 115 134 441

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 83 94 72 4 64 48 189

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 58 130 211 3 51 86 252

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 N N N N N N N

Government Owned .......................... 635 245 Q Q 1 Q 9 Q

 Federal ........................................... 46 Q N N Q Q Q Q

 State ............................................... 164 59 Q Q Q Q Q N

 Local ............................................... 425 175 Q Q Q Q Q N

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 N N N N N N N

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 N N N N N N N

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 55 Q 24 1 18 18 26

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 331 212 274 7 103 124 417

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 360 203 270 6 84 130 368

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 21 Q 26 1 32 12 68

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 Q N Q Q Q Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 N N N Q Q N Q

More than 20 ..................................... 14 N Q N Q Q N Q

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 N N N N N N N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 82

CONTINUED
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 386 226 297 8 121 142 443

Table B11. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Number of Buildings for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Health Care

All

Buildings* Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 3,169 105 207 271 2 101 73 377

College or University ......................... 83 40 N Q Q Q 10 Q

Primary or Secondary School ........... 254 186 N Q N Q Q N

Office Complex ................................. 111 Q Q N Q Q Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 151 N Q Q N N N 46

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 195 39 N Q N N Q N

Health Care Complex ........................ 39 Q N Q 6 16 6 N

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 61 Q N Q N N 39 Q

Government Complex ....................... 87 N N Q N Q N N

Other ................................................ 496 Q N Q N Q Q Q

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 220 116 170 5 71 74 166

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 44 50 55 Q Q 22 121

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 10 Q Q 1 Q Q 8

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 78 Q 51 Q Q 41 71

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 30 Q Q Q Q N 69

Window Glass ................................... 17 Q N Q Q N Q Q

Other ................................................ 47 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 18 Q N Q Q N Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 112 62 96 4 25 23 129

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 116 71 64 Q 52 72 98

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 65 Q 49 Q Q Q 109

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 53 33 55 3 12 14 68

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 32 Q Q Q Q 11 Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 Q Q Q N Q Q Q

Concrete ........................................... 61 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 16 Q Q Q N N Q N

No One Major Type ........................... 25 Q Q Q Q Q N Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 105 48 79 4 28 35 115

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 31 Q Q 4 Q 13 18

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 Q N Q Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 77 37 67 3 25 29 86

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 49 Q 25 1 Q 17 39

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 37 Q 24 2 23 14 48

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 60 Q 37 4 Q 20 50

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 65 Q 29 2 Q 17 43

 Window Replacement .................... 310 40 Q Q 1 Q 16 33

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 42 Q 29 1 Q 17 38

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 23 Q Q 1 Q Q 23

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 130 77 86 1 30 50 200

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 151 100 133 2 63 57 128

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 83

CONTINUED
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 386 226 297 8 121 142 443

Table B11. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Number of Buildings for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Health Care

All

Buildings* Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 384 221 297 8 121 142 443

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 213 98 226 7 65 86 245

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 26 Q Q 7 6 28 37

District Heat ...................................... 67 26 N Q 1 Q 6 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 14 N Q 1 Q Q Q

Propane ............................................ 502 43 Q 52 Q Q 24 47

Other ................................................ 61 Q Q N Q N Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 382 188 282 8 116 142 408

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 352 210 283 8 121 130 406

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 298 186 297 8 119 142 314

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 125 84 284 7 Q 47 14

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 16 Q Q 7 5 19 7

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 66 Q 26 Q 19 25 42

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 31 Q Q Q Q 11 27

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 14 Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 27 N Q Q Q 14 Q

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 111 77 125 Q 58 31 227

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 67 Q 28 1 19 57 75

District Heat ...................................... 65 25 N Q 1 Q Q Q

Boilers .............................................. 579 84 Q 36 6 16 42 30

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 99 46 103 3 25 31 97

Other ................................................ 205 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 59 36 69 1 46 23 95

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 63 Q 30 Q 19 25 50

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 27 Q Q Q Q 11 34

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 14 Q Q Q Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 27 N Q Q Q 14 Q

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 87 Q 33 3 Q 71 82

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 14 N Q 1 Q Q Q

Central Chillers ................................. 111 36 N Q 4 4 11 Q

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 139 107 176 5 52 39 200

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 Q Q Q Q N Q Q

Other ................................................ 40 Q Q Q Q N Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 82 53 81 2 40 56 128

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 109 75 98 4 41 63 170

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 84

CONTINUED
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 386 226 297 8 121 142 443

Table B11. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Number of Buildings for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Health Care

All

Buildings* Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 343 138 172 6 118 97 317

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 89 Q 40 5 48 33 68

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 127 36 44 6 48 42 103

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 227 82 113 3 54 62 223

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 143 56 51 5 70 42 129

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 199 118 168 8 114 85 330

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 207 60 27 8 95 56 163

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 43 88 125 Q Q 46 126

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 113 116 139 Q 56 47 215

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 36 Q 26 Q Q 23 67

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 50 Q Q Q 21 12 21

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 50 Q Q Q Q 6 14

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 41 N N Q 4 Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 39 N N 1 Q Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 38 14 N N 2 Q Q Q

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 259 189 253 Q 73 100 340

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 112 36 41 3 46 41 100

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 8 Q Q 0 Q Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 Q N N 1 Q Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 Q N N 1 Q Q Q

50 or More ........................................ 10 Q N N 0 Q Q N

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 179 166 270 Q Q 87 280

One ................................................... 1,250 94 53 21 Q 66 39 140

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 90 Q Q Q 22 13 23

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 18 N N 1 4 Q Q

10 or More ........................................ 54 5 N N 4 3 Q Q

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 125 84 284 7 Q 47 14

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 79 Q 123 7 13 104 15

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 146 Q Q 5 17 22 14

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 83 Q 41 5 24 20 31

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 88 Q 47 4 20 24 34

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 294 129 201 8 89 101 233

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 100 Q Q 2 9 5 14

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 85

CONTINUED
Inpatient Outpatient

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 386 226 297 8 121 142 443

Table B11. Selected Principal Building Activity: Part 1, Number of Buildings for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Principal Building Activity

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Health Care

All

Buildings* Education

Food 

Sales

Food

Service Lodging

Retail 

(Other Than 

Mall)

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 174 115 163 7 79 93 201

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 134 48 107 6 46 27 158

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 28 Q 29 3 14 14 19

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 91 74 142 4 26 56 183

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 32 Q Q 3 9 19 29

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 7 Q Q 1 Q 8 Q

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 97 33 49 4 26 30 74

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 269 136 178 7 79 83 293

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 23 Q Q Q Q Q 4

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 315 70 193 3 92 70 315

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 308 90 211 3 93 75 325

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 359 165 271 N 116 Q 426

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 239 38 54 N 61 Q 154

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web 

site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 86

CONTINUED