Release date: April 2015

Revised date3

: January 2017

Residentialtype

central

air

conditionersHeat

pumps

Individual

air

conditioners

District 

chilled 

water

Central 

chillers

Packaged

air

conditioning 

units

Swamp 

coolers Other

All buildings 5,557 4,461 1,546 692 709 54 163 1,909 109 Q

Building floorspace (square feet)

1,001 to 5,000 2,777 2,062 796 321 362 Q Q 697 58 Q

5,001 to 10,000 1,229 1,004 403 168 136 Q Q 418 Q N

10,001 to 25,000 884 774 246 91 116 9 36 407 Q Q

25,001 to 50,000 332 302 72 52 46 Q 29 181 Q Q

50,001 to 100,000 199 187 21 41 29 10 36 124 7 Q

100,001 to 200,000 90 88 7 13 12 9 23 54 Q Q

200,001 to 500,000 38 37 2 5 7 4 18 24 Q Q

Over 500,000 8 8 Q 1 1 1 5 5 Q Q

Principal building activity

Education 389 361 68 69 45 25 42 165 Q Q

Food sales 177 165 64 Q Q N Q 76 Q N

Food service 380 358 110 37 48 Q Q 188 21 N

Health care 157 154 58 28 8 Q 16 72 Q Q

 Inpatient 10 10 Q 2 2 1 6 6 Q Q

 Outpatient 147 145 57 26 Q Q 10 66 Q Q

Lodging 158 145 34 36 71 Q 11 40 Q Q

Mercantile 602 560 209 96 73 N Q 301 14 N

Retail (other than mall) 438 396 133 60 61 N Q 170 Q N

Enclosed and strip malls 164 164 76 36 12 N Q 131 Q N

Office 1,012 995 358 175 124 10 43 396 Q Q

Public assembly 352 295 116 42 29 5 15 127 Q Q

Public order and safety 84 74 23 Q Q Q 4 32 Q Q

Religious worship 412 375 164 57 61 Q Q 146 Q Q

Service 619 435 138 50 126 N Q 140 Q Q

Warehouse and storage 796 391 149 57 71 N Q 158 Q Q

Other 125 90 39 Q Q Q 6 43 Q Q

Vacant 296 63 Q Q Q Q Q 26 Q Q

Year constructed

Before 1920 362 275 116 29 84 Q 6 75 Q N

1920 to 1945 488 367 153 41 100 Q 12 127 Q Q

1946 to 1959 599 477 145 76 109 Q 18 185 Q Q

1960 to 1969 639 538 192 71 89 11 25 241 13 Q

1970 to 1979 684 563 203 67 86 9 21 258 16 Q

1980 to 1989 915 730 234 137 87 3 26 341 13 Q

1990 to 1999 845 663 235 124 78 10 22 271 15 Q

2000 to 2003 375 321 106 40 34 5 11 157 Q Q

2004 to 2007 347 293 86 58 29 6 9 144 Q Q

2008 to 2012 303 235 76 50 12 Q 15 110 Q N

Table B40. Cooling equipment, number of buildings, 2012

Number of buildings (thousand)

Buildings 

with 

cooling

Cooling equipment (more than one may apply)

All

buildings
Residentialtype

central

air

conditionersHeat

pumps

Individual

air

conditioners

District 

chilled 

water

Central 

chillers

Packaged

air

conditioning 

units

Swamp 

coolers Other

All buildings 5,557 4,461 1,546 692 709 54 163 1,909 109 Q

Table B40. Cooling equipment, number of buildings, 2012

Number of buildings (thousand)

Buildings 

with 

cooling

Cooling equipment (more than one may apply)

All

buildings

Census region and division

Northeast 805 592 178 53 190 7 26 253 Q Q

New England 302 187 53 16 67 Q 12 81 Q Q

Middle Atlantic 504 405 124 38 123 Q 14 172 Q Q

Midwest 1,237 970 480 65 147 2 37 362 Q Q

East North Central 735 601 305 33 80 2 24 235 Q Q

West North Central 502 370 175 32 68 Q 13 127 N Q

South 2,247 1,891 633 409 257 35 70 786 Q Q

South Atlantic 1,091 935 251 296 121 22 40 376 Q Q

East South Central 370 335 112 54 54 Q 8 156 N N

West South Central 786 621 270 59 81 6 22 254 Q Q

West 1,267 1,007 255 165 114 9 29 508 89 Q

Mountain 338 259 73 31 23 1 12 125 36 Q

Pacific 929 748 182 134 91 8 18 383 53 Q

Climate region1

Very cold/Cold 2,031 1,497 586 125 279 7 63 620 51 Q

Mixed-humid 1,743 1,482 507 337 243 18 48 568 Q Q

Mixed-dry/Hot-dry 837 682 182 116 71 7 20 358 42 Q

Hot-humid 799 699 255 92 101 21 28 310 Q Q

Marine 147 101 Q Q Q Q 4 53 Q Q

Number of floors

One 3,836 2,954 1,027 465 394 17 48 1,301 89 Q

Two 1,158 994 370 162 163 13 40 419 13 Q

Three 374 338 120 35 105 8 27 115 Q Q

Four to nine 177 163 29 29 44 15 39 69 Q Q

Ten or more 13 12 Q 2 3 1 8 6 Q Q

Number of workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 2,892 1,932 736 272 389 Q 23 644 48 Q

5 to 9 1,085 999 379 171 127 Q 16 418 26 Q

10 to 19 731 699 255 95 88 Q 17 353 Q Q

20 to 49 513 498 136 96 60 9 28 288 8 Q

50 to 99 206 203 30 39 23 9 35 132 6 Q

100 to 249 93 93 10 13 16 6 27 53 Q Q

250 or more 37 37 1 6 5 5 19 21 Q Q
Residentialtype

central

air

conditionersHeat

pumps

Individual

air

conditioners

District 

chilled 

water

Central 

chillers

Packaged

air

conditioning 

units

Swamp 

coolers Other

All buildings 5,557 4,461 1,546 692 709 54 163 1,909 109 Q

Table B40. Cooling equipment, number of buildings, 2012

Number of buildings (thousand)

Buildings 

with 

cooling

Cooling equipment (more than one may apply)

All

buildings

Weekly operating hours

Fewer than 40 1,149 690 266 110 138 Q 8 231 Q Q

40 to 48 1,346 1,168 444 175 185 12 34 424 26 Q

49 to 60 1,244 1,084 391 180 149 10 45 460 29 Q

61 to 84 764 669 227 113 88 9 21 340 27 Q

85 to 167 479 419 113 45 45 12 17 242 12 Q

Open continuously 575 431 105 69 104 11 37 213 Q Q

Ownership and occupancy

Nongovernment owned 4,781 3,817 1,398 567 600 17 89 1,646 96 Q

Owner occupied 2,466 2,046 767 323 342 14 52 790 58 Q

Leased to tenant(s) 1,745 1,421 507 183 203 2 24 692 36 Q

Owner occupied and leased 349 324 115 58 50 1 11 155 Q Q

Unoccupied 221 26 Q Q Q N Q Q N N

Government owned 776 644 148 125 109 37 74 263 14 Q

Federal 33 33 Q Q Q Q 6 12 Q Q

State 185 159 34 30 21 20 21 62 Q Q

Local 558 452 102 93 82 16 47 190 Q Q

Party responsible for operation

and maintenance of energy

systems

Building owner 4,715 3,740 1,288 595 615 53 154 1,531 93 Q

Business owner or tenant 724 625 225 75 80 Q 6 338 Q Q

Property management 54 44 Q Q Q Q 2 23 Q Q

Other 64 52 Q Q Q Q Q 18 N Q

Provider of direct input on energyrelated equipment purchases

Building owner 4,876 3,865 1,342 617 618 54 155 1,604 97 Q

Business owner or tenant 540 474 165 48 78 Q 5 249 Q Q

Property management 35 32 Q Q Q Q Q 16 N Q

Other 106 90 30 24 Q Q Q 41 Q N
Residentialtype

central

air

conditionersHeat

pumps

Individual

air

conditioners

District 

chilled 

water

Central 

chillers

Packaged

air

conditioning 

units

Swamp 

coolers Other

All buildings 5,557 4,461 1,546 692 709 54 163 1,909 109 Q

Table B40. Cooling equipment, number of buildings, 2012

Number of buildings (thousand)

Buildings 

with 

cooling

Cooling equipment (more than one may apply)

All

buildings

Campus or complex activity

Not part of a campus or complex 3,683 3,111 1,158 424 490 Q 96 1,325 80 Q

Primary or secondary school 237 207 29 46 32 16 15 98 Q N

College or university 84 77 Q 15 Q 24 13 21 Q Q

Office complex 154 145 47 29 9 Q 5 63 Q Q

Retail complex 258 214 82 39 24 N Q 124 Q N

Storage complex 314 58 Q Q 21 N N 18 Q N

Religious campus or complex 197 168 57 33 23 Q Q 73 Q Q

Health care complex 52 50 14 9 10 Q 11 24 Q Q

Lodging or resort complex 65 53 Q Q 30 Q 2 10 N N

Transportation complex 35 32 Q Q Q Q Q 7 N Q

Government complex 104 75 Q 14 11 Q 9 36 Q Q

Other 371 273 88 60 51 Q 5 111 Q Q

Renovations in buildings

constructed before 2008

(more than one may apply)

Any type of renovation 2,094 1,854 640 279 317 25 77 867 44 1

Addition or annex 444 413 148 68 75 5 35 194 11 Q

Reduction in floorspace 71 60 28 10 12 Q 1 23 Q N

Roof replacement 987 870 307 126 153 10 47 398 18 Q

Exterior wall replacement 194 175 57 25 34 Q 6 85 Q N

Interior wall reconfiguration 889 816 267 127 127 15 36 429 20 Q

Window replacement 560 516 170 94 90 Q 24 238 15 Q

HVAC equipment upgrade 1,101 1,026 346 178 146 18 54 522 21 Q

Lighting upgrade 982 891 272 149 151 19 47 460 29 Q

Electrical upgrade 747 675 245 113 123 9 26 314 12 Q

Plumbing system upgrade 644 582 202 98 103 Q 20 290 10 Q

Insulation upgrade 382 347 124 66 58 Q 14 160 Q Q

Fire, safety, or security upgrade 616 569 172 100 96 13 34 301 16 Q

Structural upgrade 152 137 41 28 24 Q 6 68 Q Q

Other 39 32 Q Q Q Q Q 19 Q N

No renovations 3,160 2,372 830 364 380 25 71 933 60 Q

Buildings constructed 2008 or later 303 235 76 50 12 Q 15 110 Q N

Energy sources 

(more than one may apply)

Electricity 5,234 4,461 1,546 692 709 54 163 1,909 109 Q

Natural gas 2,933 2,700 1,012 265 385 21 127 1,311 69 Q

Fuel oil 467 360 70 54 109 8 55 167 6 Q

District heat 48 44 Q 2 6 26 8 11 Q Q

District chilled water 54 54 Q Q 2 54 1 7 Q Q

Propane 510 420 160 49 107 Q 10 153 21 Q

Other 172 126 47 22 26 Q 6 48 Q Q
Residentialtype

central

air

conditionersHeat

pumps

Individual

air

conditioners

District 

chilled 

water

Central 

chillers

Packaged

air

conditioning 

units

Swamp 

coolers Other

All buildings 5,557 4,461 1,546 692 709 54 163 1,909 109 Q

Table B40. Cooling equipment, number of buildings, 2012

Number of buildings (thousand)

Buildings 

with 

cooling

Cooling equipment (more than one may apply)

All

buildings

Cooling energy sources 

(more than one may apply)

Electricity 4,413 4,413 1,546 692 709 13 162 1,903 109 Q

Natural gas 12 12 Q Q Q Q 5 8 Q Q

District chilled water 54 54 Q Q 2 54 1 7 Q Q

Energy end uses 

(more than one may apply)

Buildings with space heating 4,722 4,272 1,476 685 643 51 158 1,841 99 Q

Buildings with cooling 4,461 4,461 1,546 692 709 54 163 1,909 109 Q

Buildings with water heating 4,423 4,097 1,439 637 619 51 159 1,787 102 3

Buildings with cooking 1,589 1,497 548 227 242 9 80 687 41 Q

Buildings with manufacturing 259 217 76 24 53 Q 3 103 Q Q

Buildings with electricity

generation 410 386 92 66 65 12 71 201 6 Q

Percent of floorspace cooled

Not cooled 1,096 N N N N N N N N N

1 to 50 1,173 1,173 403 146 326 Q 8 394 36 Q

51 to 99 897 897 312 147 123 18 58 435 20 Q

100 2,391 2,391 831 399 260 36 97 1,081 53 Q

Heating equipment (more than one 

may apply)

Heat pumps 628 621 86 549 46 Q 13 118 8 Q

Furnaces 755 728 530 60 92 Q 10 194 Q Q

Individual space heaters 1,247 1,007 325 124 352 7 32 338 55 Q

District heat 48 44 Q 2 6 26 8 11 Q Q

Boilers 544 483 119 55 133 9 106 203 12 Q

Packaged heating units 2,802 2,633 870 249 258 16 69 1,589 57 Q

Other 62 55 24 Q Q Q Q 23 Q N

Cooling equipment (more than one 

may apply)

Residential-type central air 

conditioners 1,546 1,546 1,546 57 120 Q 6 166 18 Q

Heat pumps 692 692 57 692 52 Q 13 113 13 Q

Individual air conditioners 709 709 120 52 709 2 18 135 12 Q

District chilled water 54 54 Q Q 2 54 1 7 Q Q

Central chillers 163 163 6 13 18 1 163 47 4 Q

Packaged air conditioning units 1,909 1,909 166 113 135 7 47 1,909 31 Q

Swamp coolers 109 109 18 13 12 Q 4 31 109 N

Other Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q N Q
Residentialtype

central

air

conditionersHeat

pumps

Individual

air

conditioners

District 

chilled 

water

Central 

chillers

Packaged

air

conditioning 

units

Swamp 

coolers Other

All buildings 5,557 4,461 1,546 692 709 54 163 1,909 109 Q

Table B40. Cooling equipment, number of buildings, 2012

Number of buildings (thousand)

Buildings 

with 

cooling

Cooling equipment (more than one may apply)

All

buildings

Main equipment replaced since 1990 

(more than one may apply)

Heating 1,874 1,714 587 296 295 Q 50 743 40 Q

Cooling 1,971 1,971 707 310 404 Q 62 793 48 Q

Separate computer areas

(more than one may apply)

Data center or server farm 97 96 13 22 13 7 26 55 1 Q

Computer-based training room 244 242 37 45 31 8 38 150 5 Q

Student or public computer center 238 230 49 48 41 12 43 120 6 Q

HVAC conservation features 

(more than one may apply)

Economizer cycle 601 601 85 104 59 23 75 420 20 1

Regular HVAC maintenance 3,178 3,023 982 517 316 47 150 1,498 69 3

Building automation system (BAS)2 781 757 147 116 56 46 107 450 12 1

Equipment usage reduced when 

building not in full use 

(more than one may apply)

Heating 3,699 3,403 1,214 517 486 42 128 1,488 80 Q

Cooling 3,517 3,517 1,256 519 518 45 128 1,530 83 Q

Lighting 4,757 4,196 1,476 654 661 50 158 1,781 107 Q

 1These climate regions were created by the Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and 

Renewable Energy (EERE). 

 2In earlier CBECS publications, BAS was referred to as Energy Management and Control System (EMCS).

 3In versions of this table prior to January 2017, the row category labels for Separate computer areas and HVAC conservation features were reversed, i.e., the 

data in the Separate computer areas row category were actually for HVAC conservation features and vice versa.

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Guide to the 2012 CBECS Detailed Tables or CBECS Terminology for definition of terms used 

in these tables and/or comparison of differences with prior CBECS tables. Both references can be accessed from 

http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2012/

 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA-871A of the 2012 Commercial Buildings 

Energy Consumption Survey.