Buildings Characteristics

Geographic Location Tables

(24 pages, 136kb)

CONTENTS PAGES

Table 3. Census Region, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995

Table 4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings, 1995

Table 5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace, 1995

Table 6. Climate Zone, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995

Table 7. Metropolitan Status, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995

These data are from the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS), a

national probability sample survey of commercial buildings sponsored by the Energy Information

Administration, that provides information on the use of energy in commercial buildings in the

United States. The 1995 CBECS was the sixth survey in a series begun in 1979. The data

were collected from a sample of 6,639 buildings representing 4.6 million commercial buildings

and 58.8 billion square feet of commercial floorspace in the U.S. The 1995 data are available

for the four Census regions and nine Census division.

Data provided here are in the public domain and may be reproduced without permission.

appropriate credit would be appreciated. A suggested citation is “U.S. Department of Energy,

Energy Information Administration, “A Look at Commercial Buildings in 1995: Characteristics,

Energy Consumption, and Energy Expenditures.”

Electronic Products and Services

Users can view and download selected pages, sections, or entire reports, search for

information, download data and analysis applications, and find out about new information

products and services.

Contact: Martha Johnson, Survey Manager (martha.johnson@eia.doe.gov)

World Wide Web: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/consumption

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Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Surveys
Table 3. Census Region, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

0.7 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.4 0.5 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.1

All Buildings .................................. 4,579 725 1,139 1,750 964 58,772 11,883 14,322 20,830 11,736 6.5

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ............................... 2,399 351 638 953 457 6,338 995 1,772 2,428 1,144 10.0

 5,001 to 10,000 ............................. 1,035 162 224 380 269 7,530 1,223 1,678 2,786 1,842 12.3

 10,001 to 25,000 ........................... 745 139 181 276 149 11,617 2,118 2,701 4,481 2,317 12.1

 25,001 to 50,000 ........................... 213 38 48 74 53 7,676 1,380 1,726 2,664 1,905 9.6

 50,001 to 100,000 ......................... 115 20 28 42 24 7,968 1,371 1,920 2,980 1,697 10.1

 100,001 to 200,000 ....................... 48 10 14 17 8 6,776 1,377 1,896 2,428 1,075 12.9

 200,001 to 500,000 ....................... 19 5 5 6 3 5,553 1,389 1,520 1,679 965 12.7

 Over 500,000 ................................ 6 2 1 1 1 5,313 2,029 1,110 1,384 791 16.2

Principal Building Activity

 Education ...................................... 309 39 42 111 117 7,740 1,930 1,997 2,315 1,498 13.8

 Food Sales .................................... 137 Q Q 73 32 642 Q Q 287 209 21.6

 Food Service ................................ 285 41 69 109 66 1,353 166 474 443 271 21.1

 Health Care ................................... 105 14 19 51 21 2,333 408 466 916 543 22.2

 Lodging ......................................... 158 10 38 51 59 3,618 350 909 1,313 1,047 19.1

 Mercantile and Service ................. 1,289 241 390 457 201 12,728 2,838 3,203 4,864 1,822 11.6

 Office ............................................ 705 112 157 298 138 10,478 2,154 2,338 3,483 2,503 11.6

 Public Assembly ........................... 326 46 89 134 57 3,948 694 957 1,367 930 19.9

 Public Order and Safety ................ 87 39 21 17 Q 1,271 548 300 308 Q 33.4

 Religious Worship ......................... 269 41 57 97 74 2,792 442 633 1,006 711 20.5

 Warehouse and Storage ............... 580 88 163 223 105 8,481 1,480 2,044 3,436 1,522 18.1

 Other ............................................. 67 Q Q Q Q 1,004 Q 402 289 Q 38.8

 Vacant ........................................... 261 Q 65 106 65 2,384 627 531 804 422 23.1

Year Constructed

 1919 or Before .............................. 353 115 147 50 41 3,673 1,226 1,529 514 404 21.8

 1920 to 1945 ................................. 562 75 221 176 90 6,710 1,794 2,314 1,709 893 16.4

 1946 to 1959 ................................. 867 187 215 285 180 9,298 1,944 2,268 3,192 1,894 11.9

 1960 to 1969 ................................. 718 98 150 267 204 10,858 2,344 2,356 3,856 2,302 11.9

 1970 to 1979 ................................. 813 69 141 391 211 11,333 1,658 2,435 4,344 2,895 11.0

 1980 to 1989 ................................. 846 148 156 389 153 12,252 2,128 2,324 5,371 2,429 12.2

 1990 to 1992 ................................. 218 13 38 114 54 2,590 443 545 1,094 509 22.1

 1993 to 1995 ................................. 202 21 70 78 33 2,059 347 552 750 410 25.8

Floors

 One ............................................... 3,018 349 648 1,354 667 24,552 3,337 5,298 11,019 4,897 8.9

 Two ............................................... 1,002 202 284 305 212 14,122 2,738 3,537 4,788 3,059 10.3

 Three ............................................ 399 120 170 54 56 7,335 2,103 2,306 1,644 1,282 15.2

 Four to Nine .................................. 148 51 36 33 27 8,789 2,347 2,461 2,165 1,816 16.1

 Ten or More .................................. 12 4 2 5 2 3,975 1,359 720 1,214 682 18.5

Workers (main shift)

 Fewer than 5 ................................. 2,505 363 678 987 477 13,885 2,430 3,584 5,345 2,526 10.8

 5 to 9 ............................................. 798 100 218 297 182 6,291 1,057 1,764 2,082 1,387 15.1

 10 to 19 ......................................... 625 145 102 223 155 7,102 1,317 1,511 2,701 1,572 13.7

 20 to 49 ......................................... 400 76 91 152 81 9,132 1,807 2,390 3,212 1,723 11.6

 50 to 99 ......................................... 138 19 24 54 41 6,931 1,264 1,504 2,733 1,430 12.1

 100 to 249 ..................................... 71 16 17 20 18 5,988 1,429 1,579 1,755 1,224 12.9

 250 or More .................................. 43 7 8 17 10 9,443 2,577 1,990 3,001 1,875 13.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Census Region, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

0.7 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.4 0.5 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.1

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ................................... 899 108 256 361 174 6,134 1,119 1,601 2,311 1,103 14.5

 40 to 48 ......................................... 1,257 172 334 484 266 13,233 2,168 3,520 4,912 2,633 10.8

 49 to 60 ......................................... 969 188 197 401 183 12,242 2,482 2,378 4,786 2,596 11.5

 61 to 84 ......................................... 567 92 148 170 157 10,052 2,111 2,626 3,276 2,040 13.8

 85 to 167 ....................................... 420 81 98 160 81 6,202 1,411 1,633 1,804 1,353 14.1

 Open Continuously ....................... 466 83 106 172 105 10,908 2,592 2,564 3,740 2,012 12.6

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................ 4,025 629 1,043 1,556 798 46,696 8,946 11,414 17,056 9,280 7.0

 Owner Occupied ......................... 3,158 542 843 1,224 548 35,573 6,972 9,403 12,664 6,533 7.6

 Nonowner Occupied ................... 698 79 146 260 213 9,697 1,622 1,644 3,841 2,590 14.3

 Unoccupied ................................. 170 Q 54 72 36 1,426 Q 366 551 157 30.3

 Government Owned ...................... 553 97 97 193 166 12,076 2,937 2,909 3,774 2,456 10.9

Space in Building Vacant for at

Least Three Consecutive Months

 Yes ................................................ 787 83 194 293 218 15,844 3,288 3,691 5,649 3,216 11.6

 No ................................................. 3,791 642 946 1,456 747 42,928 8,595 10,632 15,181 8,520 7.3

Number of Establishments

 One ............................................... 3,712 603 905 1,463 741 41,057 8,064 10,489 14,323 8,181 7.2

 2 to 5 ............................................. 530 87 159 154 130 7,325 1,401 1,855 2,314 1,755 14.9

 6 to 10 ........................................... 91 10 13 41 26 2,672 514 466 1,218 474 19.1

 11 to 20 ......................................... 28 6 5 10 7 2,228 446 423 885 474 15.4

 More than 20 ................................. 31 2 3 9 Q 3,943 1,020 724 1,526 673 20.6

 Currently Unoccupied ................... 187 Q 54 72 43 1,548 438 366 564 180 29.9

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ........................................ 3,061 482 716 1,175 688 42,958 9,174 10,504 15,066 8,215 7.1

 Siding or Shingles ......................... 639 142 179 169 149 3,243 711 940 732 860 21.0

 Metal Panels ................................. 662 69 211 310 72 5,694 882 1,817 2,480 515 16.6

 Concrete Panels ........................... 106 5 7 59 35 4,069 437 625 1,560 1,447 20.4

 Window Glass ............................... 46 Q 3 15 Q 1,755 411 238 657 448 25.8

 Other ............................................. 50 Q Q Q 5 660 Q 161 201 189 28.1

 No One Major Type ...................... 15 Q Q Q Q 393 Q Q Q Q 64.5

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ......................................... 1,369 177 302 476 414 24,481 4,275 4,925 9,096 6,185 10.1

 Shingles (Not Wood) ..................... 1,486 295 348 567 276 11,093 2,631 2,829 3,482 2,150 11.7

 Metal Surfacing ............................. 908 93 264 429 122 7,941 986 1,890 4,133 932 14.0

 Synthetic or Rubber ...................... 351 87 127 97 41 10,235 2,859 3,575 2,448 1,354 12.6

 Slate or Tile ................................... 202 36 30 80 56 1,920 406 361 566 587 22.5

 Wooden Materials ......................... 152 Q Q 44 39 1,130 Q Q 301 273 38.7

 Concrete ....................................... 58 Q Q 32 Q 1,335 Q Q 553 197 36.7

 Other ............................................. 36 Q Q Q Q 332 Q Q Q Q 47.7

 No One Major Type ...................... Q Q Q Q Q 305 Q Q Q Q 52.5

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

 Electricity ...................................... 4,343 697 1,074 1,648 925 57,076 11,444 13,887 20,158 11,587 6.4

 Natural Gas ................................... 2,478 316 777 805 580 38,145 7,108 10,905 12,291 7,841 7.4

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 607 282 96 196 33 14,421 5,423 2,681 4,175 2,142 15.4

 District Heat .................................. 110 24 35 32 18 5,658 1,768 1,902 1,038 949 20.9

 District Chilled Water .................... 53 3 Q 24 10 2,521 291 778 919 533 25.1

 Propane ........................................ 589 170 137 220 62 5,344 1,689 1,093 2,012 550 21.1

 Other ............................................. 213 60 52 60 41 2,336 728 613 656 339 26.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Census Region, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

0.7 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.4 0.5 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.1

Energy End Uses (more

than one may apply)

 Buildings with Space Heating ....... 4,024 657 1,006 1,547 815 54,347 11,180 13,511 18,900 10,756 6.8

 Buildings with Cooling ................... 3,381 451 811 1,433 687 49,935 9,523 12,033 18,606 9,772 6.6

 Buildings with Water Heating ........ 3,486 602 849 1,250 785 51,560 10,778 12,517 17,511 10,754 6.8

 Buildings with Cooking .................. 828 141 176 310 202 20,713 4,634 4,785 7,173 4,121 9.2

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........ 204 30 49 68 58 3,893 683 1,057 1,456 697 23.4

 Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ................................... 247 87 45 66 49 13,366 3,877 2,738 4,360 2,391 13.9

Percent of Floorspace

Heated

 Not Heated .................................... 554 69 134 203 149 4,425 703 811 1,930 981 18.8

 1 to 50 ........................................... 555 77 148 197 133 6,227 1,018 1,171 2,379 1,658 17.4

 51 to 99 ......................................... 633 129 155 207 142 8,868 2,501 1,480 2,856 2,032 14.9

 100 ................................................ 2,836 451 702 1,143 540 39,252 7,661 10,860 13,666 7,066 7.1

Percent of Floorspace

Cooled

 Not Cooled .................................... 1,198 275 329 317 278 8,837 2,360 2,289 2,224 1,964 15.0

 1 to 50 ........................................... 930 164 283 316 166 15,027 3,784 4,414 4,311 2,517 11.9

 51 to 99 ......................................... 635 102 181 233 120 12,549 3,063 3,040 4,262 2,184 11.3

 100 ................................................ 1,816 185 346 884 401 22,359 2,677 4,578 10,033 5,071 8.3

Percent Lit when Open

 Zero .............................................. 36 Q Q Q Q 189 Q Q Q Q 55.6

 1 to 50 ........................................... 666 113 209 212 131 6,008 1,130 1,598 2,172 1,109 15.5

 51 to 99 ......................................... 745 148 201 238 159 9,692 2,418 2,247 3,011 2,016 14.7

 100 ................................................ 2,814 427 628 1,148 611 40,514 7,787 9,874 14,608 8,245 7.6

 Building Not in Use/

 Electricity Not Used ..................... 318 31 94 131 61 2,369 524 586 935 324 23.8

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Heat Pumps .................................. 394 14 31 284 65 5,843 657 779 3,189 1,218 14.1

 Furnaces ....................................... 1,676 284 626 471 295 14,923 2,732 4,984 4,497 2,710 11.1

 Individual Space Heaters .............. 1,188 140 255 500 293 16,809 3,393 4,395 5,783 3,237 12.2

 District Heat .................................. 115 26 36 34 19 5,911 1,834 1,984 1,101 993 20.7

 Boilers ........................................... 610 240 161 111 97 16,754 5,210 4,480 3,952 3,112 11.0

 Packaged Heating Units ............... 1,031 91 109 526 305 16,893 2,578 2,868 7,439 4,009 10.7

 Other ............................................. 161 38 65 43 14 6,249 1,979 1,590 1,915 765 23.0

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ........................... 878 120 313 348 98 9,238 1,702 2,734 3,726 1,075 11.8

 Heat Pumps .................................. 457 16 43 311 87 6,931 794 912 3,616 1,609 14.0

 Individual Air Conditioners ............ 862 166 274 311 110 12,494 3,725 3,551 3,698 1,520 11.6

 District Chilled Water .................... 53 3 Q 24 10 2,521 291 778 919 533 25.1

 Central Chillers ............................. 109 16 26 37 31 11,065 2,502 2,553 3,736 2,273 12.7

 Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ............................................. 1,431 196 267 599 369 26,628 5,368 5,917 9,737 5,606 8.9

 Swamp Coolers ............................ 186 Q Q Q 144 2,451 Q Q 517 1,743 25.8

 Other ............................................. 18 Q 4 7 4 949 Q 221 219 289 30.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Census Region, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

All

Buildings Northeast Midwest South West

0.7 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.4 0.5 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.1

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one

may apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation .............. 3,380 552 848 1,343 637 46,355 9,040 11,620 16,743 8,952 7.3

 Wall Insulation .............................. 2,372 391 605 955 421 31,694 5,927 8,467 11,878 5,422 7.8

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............. 1,897 407 675 541 273 28,876 6,442 9,464 8,475 4,495 8.7

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ............................. 1,202 109 268 472 353 24,245 3,585 5,474 8,976 6,210 9.1

 Exterior or Interior

 Shading or Awnings ..................... 2,271 331 499 890 551 37,208 7,033 8,698 13,138 8,339 7.7

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ......... 327 53 90 103 80 13,473 2,849 3,578 3,935 3,111 12.6

 Economizer Cycle ......................... 461 79 139 98 144 16,550 4,147 4,736 4,035 3,632 10.6

 HVAC Maintenance ...................... 2,403 474 567 864 499 43,134 9,538 10,423 14,549 8,624 7.3

 Other Energy Efficient

 Equipment .................................... 198 33 33 67 65 6,453 1,623 1,514 1,778 1,538 18.3

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ...................... 749 133 214 236 166 17,868 4,358 4,326 5,769 3,414 10.9

 Energy-Efficient Ballasts ............... 1,363 305 244 487 328 28,375 6,869 6,276 9,319 5,910 9.0

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ........................................ 237 46 40 87 64 6,431 1,321 1,484 2,168 1,458 17.1

 Occupancy Sensors ...................... 131 41 29 29 32 5,958 1,722 923 1,477 1,835 19.6

 Time Clock .................................... 467 122 75 108 162 13,262 3,234 2,489 4,153 3,386 12.7

 Manual Dimmer Switches ............. 501 90 123 168 120 13,056 2,637 3,161 4,548 2,710 11.7

 Other ............................................. 79 Q 6 29 31 2,836 902 490 751 692 21.9

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features .......... 4,075 658 1,030 1,529 858 55,288 11,118 13,733 19,139 11,297 6.6

 Building Shell ................................ 3,906 625 974 1,497 809 53,190 10,464 13,162 18,757 10,806 6.7

 HVAC ............................................ 2,529 493 605 895 536 44,657 9,854 10,764 14,904 9,135 7.2

 Lighting ......................................... 2,084 446 486 654 498 38,537 8,920 9,495 12,087 8,036 7.6

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.
Table 4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings, 1995

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.4 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.3 1.1

All Buildings .................................. 4,579 204 521 739 401 676 477 597 319 646 10.5

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ............................... 2,399 111 240 409 230 340 279 333 166 292 14.4

 5,001 to 10,000 ............................. 1,035 35 127 148 76 165 84 131 70 198 19.7

 10,001 to 25,000 ........................... 745 34 105 115 65 103 80 94 51 98 18.3

 25,001 to 50,000 ........................... 213 12 26 34 14 34 20 21 18 35 14.4

 50,001 to 100,000 ......................... 115 9 11 17 11 22 10 11 10 14 15.1

 100,001 to 200,000 ....................... 48 3 7 10 3 9 3 4 3 5 19.7

 200,001 to 500,000 ....................... 19 1 4 4 2 3 1 2 1 3 20.4

 Over 500,000 ................................ 6 Q 2 1 * 1 Q 1 Q 1 23.4

Principal Building Activity

 Education ...................................... 309 8 31 23 18 48 16 47 22 95 24.0

 Food Sales .................................... 137 Q Q Q Q Q Q 31 Q Q 35.2

 Food Service ................................ 285 Q Q 59 Q Q Q 58 Q 50 26.6

 Health Care ................................... 105 Q Q 18 1 13 23 Q Q Q 36.9

 Lodging ......................................... 158 Q 8 17 21 22 17 13 18 41 32.9

 Mercantile and Service ................. 1,289 61 180 236 154 143 140 174 80 120 17.0

 Office ............................................ 705 44 68 117 40 149 79 71 40 98 18.9

 Public Assembly ........................... 326 Q 37 47 42 69 31 34 Q 33 35.0

 Public Order and Safety ................ 87 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 60.9

 Religious Worship ......................... 269 Q 30 38 19 20 34 44 Q 37 32.9

 Warehouse and Storage ............... 580 35 53 117 47 105 69 48 Q 66 26.9

 Other ............................................. 67 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 66.9

 Vacant ........................................... 261 Q Q 47 Q 41 Q 42 Q 45 30.0

Year Constructed

 1919 or Before .............................. 353 13 102 114 33 31 Q 12 21 Q 29.4

 1920 to 1945 ................................. 562 38 37 173 48 65 44 67 34 55 28.2

 1946 to 1959 ................................. 867 26 160 144 71 115 40 129 72 108 18.7

 1960 to 1969 ................................. 718 31 67 85 65 107 98 61 62 142 20.6

 1970 to 1979 ................................. 813 27 42 97 44 125 110 155 43 168 18.7

 1980 to 1989 ................................. 846 60 88 68 89 126 123 139 59 93 17.8

 1990 to 1992 ................................. 218 Q Q 23 Q 68 Q Q 21 33 36.3

 1993 to 1995 ................................. 202 Q Q 34 Q 38 Q Q Q Q 38.9

Floors

 One ............................................... 3,018 103 246 372 276 502 340 512 233 435 12.8

 Two ............................................... 1,002 64 138 196 87 128 115 61 53 159 16.9

 Three ............................................ 399 27 92 143 28 30 Q Q 23 33 22.3

 Four to Nine .................................. 148 10 41 26 10 14 Q Q 10 18 28.3

 Ten or More .................................. 12 Q 3 2 Q 3 Q 2 Q 2 29.8

Workers (main shift)

 Fewer than 5 ................................. 2,505 95 268 434 244 324 267 396 180 297 14.4

 5 to 9 ............................................. 798 26 74 155 63 141 80 77 51 131 24.3

 10 to 19 ......................................... 625 56 89 65 37 95 71 57 55 99 20.7

 20 to 49 ......................................... 400 14 61 52 40 74 33 44 15 66 17.6

 50 to 99 ......................................... 138 7 12 15 9 25 14 15 8 33 18.3

 100 to 249 ..................................... 71 4 12 12 5 11 4 4 7 12 22.2

 250 or More .................................. 43 2 5 6 3 6 Q 3 2 7 20.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings, 1995 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.4 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.3 1.1

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ................................... 899 Q 85 170 86 142 84 135 66 108 20.1

 40 to 48 ......................................... 1,257 67 105 205 129 196 140 148 105 161 15.6

 49 to 60 ......................................... 969 47 141 140 57 144 89 168 55 128 20.3

 61 to 84 ......................................... 567 25 68 104 44 73 39 58 35 122 24.5

 85 to 167 ....................................... 420 23 57 69 30 62 49 49 Q 65 21.9

 Open Continuously ....................... 466 17 66 51 55 58 76 38 44 61 22.7

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................ 4,025 180 449 699 343 602 436 518 285 513 11.1

 Owner Occupied ......................... 3,158 157 385 561 281 467 387 371 219 330 12.6

 Nonowner Occupied ................... 698 21 58 97 48 111 Q 113 51 162 22.6

 Unoccupied ................................. 170 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 41.3

 Government Owned ...................... 553 24 73 39 57 74 41 79 34 132 19.5

Space in Building Vacant for at

Least Three Consecutive Months

 Yes ................................................ 787 15 68 144 49 114 87 92 68 149 21.2

 No ................................................. 3,791 189 454 594 351 562 390 505 250 496 11.5

Number of Establishments

 One ............................................... 3,712 162 441 555 350 555 405 503 259 482 11.5

 2 to 5 ............................................. 530 33 54 131 28 65 41 48 34 96 26.0

 6 to 10 ........................................... 91 Q 6 7 Q 18 16 7 Q 24 24.2

 11 to 20 ......................................... 28 Q 3 3 Q 7 Q Q Q 6 22.8

 More than 20 ................................. 31 Q 2 2 Q 5 Q 2 Q Q 32.4

 Currently Unoccupied ................... 187 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 38.5

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ........................................ 3,061 118 364 489 227 531 334 309 266 422 12.0

 Siding or Shingles ......................... 639 59 83 119 60 57 34 78 Q 126 27.2

 Metal Panels ................................. 662 23 46 112 99 67 86 158 24 48 25.5

 Concrete Panels ........................... 106 Q 2 4 Q Q Q 35 Q 31 33.4

 Window Glass ............................... 46 Q Q 3 Q 2 Q Q Q Q 39.7

 Other ............................................. 50 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 4 44.9

 No One Major Type ...................... 15 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 111.9

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ......................................... 1,369 49 127 222 80 178 116 182 130 284 18.8

 Shingles (Not Wood) ..................... 1,486 84 210 235 114 262 173 133 105 171 17.6

 Metal Surfacing ............................. 908 39 54 147 117 104 127 198 47 75 19.7

 Synthetic or Rubber ...................... 351 19 68 70 57 54 21 22 14 27 26.2

 Slate or Tile ................................... 202 10 26 Q Q 36 Q Q Q 49 30.9

 Wooden Materials ......................... 152 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 36 48.2

 Concrete ....................................... 58 Q Q Q Q 15 Q Q Q Q 55.2

 Other ............................................. 36 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 91.4

 No One Major Type ...................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 100.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings, 1995 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.4 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.3 1.1

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

 Electricity ...................................... 4,343 190 507 698 376 642 438 569 303 622 10.4

 Natural Gas ................................... 2,478 34 282 549 228 210 248 347 219 361 13.0

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 607 106 176 60 36 126 Q 24 Q 23 29.8

 District Heat .................................. 110 2 22 19 16 Q 1 Q 6 12 31.2

 District Chilled Water .................... 53 Q 3 2 Q 4 Q Q Q 6 37.2

 Propane ........................................ 589 72 97 78 59 108 73 40 Q 52 30.4

 Other ............................................. 213 Q 39 31 Q 22 Q Q Q 20 43.8

Energy End Uses (more

than one may apply)

 Buildings with Space Heating ....... 4,024 178 479 644 361 566 427 553 290 525 11.0

 Buildings with Cooling ................... 3,381 113 338 517 294 531 397 505 244 443 11.0

 Buildings with Water Heating ........ 3,486 159 443 575 274 493 359 398 279 506 11.3

 Buildings with Cooking .................. 828 42 98 131 44 140 68 103 51 151 17.3

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........ 204 5 Q 26 23 24 Q 24 Q 48 27.2

 Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ................................... 247 17 70 33 12 36 Q 11 Q 30 24.6

Percent of Floorspace

Heated

 Not Heated .................................... 554 Q 43 94 39 110 50 43 29 120 28.2

 1 to 50 ........................................... 555 21 56 92 56 72 36 89 Q 91 25.3

 51 to 99 ......................................... 633 42 86 95 60 48 67 92 46 96 24.8

 100 ................................................ 2,836 115 336 457 245 446 325 372 202 339 12.1

Percent of Floorspace

Cooled

 Not Cooled .................................... 1,198 91 184 222 107 145 80 92 75 203 22.1

 1 to 50 ........................................... 930 41 123 185 98 113 95 108 56 110 18.8

 51 to 99 ......................................... 635 24 78 110 71 71 68 93 38 82 21.8

 100 ................................................ 1,816 48 137 221 125 346 234 304 150 251 14.9

Percent Lit when Open

 Zero .............................................. 36 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 91.3

 1 to 50 ........................................... 666 23 90 170 39 77 48 87 37 93 24.6

 51 to 99 ......................................... 745 48 100 131 70 80 55 103 38 121 28.9

 100 ................................................ 2,814 112 315 381 247 453 331 364 219 392 13.2

 Building Not in Use/

 Electricity Not Used ..................... 318 Q Q 56 Q 53 Q Q Q 39 33.1

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Heat Pumps .................................. 394 2 12 12 20 152 103 29 Q 44 22.3

 Furnaces ....................................... 1,676 76 208 424 202 190 99 182 142 153 17.6

 Individual Space Heaters .............. 1,188 Q 102 162 93 170 164 166 83 210 17.7

 District Heat .................................. 115 2 24 19 17 Q 2 Q 6 13 30.4

 Boilers ........................................... 610 85 156 103 58 64 24 23 40 57 22.4

 Packaged Heating Units ............... 1,031 23 69 73 35 150 160 216 75 230 18.9

 Other ............................................. 161 6 32 37 Q 8 Q Q 3 Q 29.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings, 1995 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.4 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.3 1.1

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ........................... 878 39 81 193 119 108 75 165 54 44 22.6

 Heat Pumps .................................. 457 3 13 21 22 161 110 41 24 62 24.4

 Individual Air Conditioners ............ 862 36 130 181 93 126 78 108 Q 89 17.1

 District Chilled Water .................... 53 Q 3 2 Q 4 Q Q Q 6 37.2

 Central Chillers ............................. 109 4 11 16 10 19 7 11 18 13 23.1

 Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ............................................. 1,431 46 150 193 74 202 179 219 106 263 15.5

 Swamp Coolers ............................ 186 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 85 59 30.0

 Other ............................................. 18 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 51.5

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one

may apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation .............. 3,380 151 401 529 319 532 375 436 227 410 11.2

 Wall Insulation .............................. 2,372 100 291 373 232 347 264 344 133 288 11.4

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............. 1,897 108 299 436 240 272 161 109 119 154 14.8

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ............................. 1,202 34 75 166 102 171 112 189 116 237 16.6

 Exterior or Interior

 Shading or Awnings ..................... 2,271 86 244 323 177 387 262 241 163 389 13.2

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ......... 327 9 45 59 31 56 14 33 19 61 23.7

 Economizer Cycle ......................... 461 28 51 102 38 58 16 24 57 87 23.2

 HVAC Maintenance ...................... 2,403 143 331 378 189 384 225 254 171 327 12.6

 Other Energy Efficient

 Equipment .................................... 198 5 Q Q 6 23 12 31 8 57 24.2

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ...................... 749 25 108 145 69 90 63 83 36 130 20.8

 Energy-Efficient Ballasts ............... 1,363 81 223 166 78 228 120 139 91 237 17.6

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ........................................ 237 3 43 18 22 38 Q 27 28 36 28.7

 Occupancy Sensors ...................... 131 Q 27 19 10 16 Q Q 5 27 32.8

 Time Clock .................................... 467 19 103 57 18 58 9 42 38 124 27.4

 Manual Dimmer Switches ............. 501 22 67 89 34 80 35 53 31 89 20.4

 Other ............................................. 79 4 Q 4 2 7 Q Q Q 22 35.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 4. Census Region and Division, Number of Buildings, 1995 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.4 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.3 1.1

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features .......... 4,075 179 479 677 352 626 408 495 290 569 10.5

 Building Shell ................................ 3,906 168 457 638 337 605 404 488 272 538 10.6

 HVAC ............................................ 2,529 143 350 411 194 407 230 258 185 352 12.2

 Lighting ......................................... 2,084 99 347 340 146 302 154 198 131 367 14.2

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

* = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.
Table 5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace, 1995

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.4 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.0

All Buildings .................................. 58,772 3,140 8,743 9,655 4,668 9,475 4,917 6,438 3,855 7,881 8.6

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ............................... 6,338 306 689 1,151 620 880 712 835 399 746 14.9

 5,001 to 10,000 ............................. 7,530 260 963 1,098 580 1,244 635 907 525 1,317 19.9

 10,001 to 25,000 ........................... 11,617 520 1,598 1,718 983 1,676 1,287 1,518 829 1,488 17.6

 25,001 to 50,000 ........................... 7,676 430 950 1,232 495 1,208 710 746 613 1,292 14.7

 50,001 to 100,000 ......................... 7,968 600 771 1,171 749 1,513 670 797 703 994 14.7

 100,001 to 200,000 ....................... 6,776 444 933 1,466 430 1,358 468 602 384 691 19.8

 200,001 to 500,000 ....................... 5,553 280 1,109 1,076 443 907 248 524 184 781 20.6

 Over 500,000 ................................ 5,313 Q 1,730 742 367 689 Q 509 Q 572 25.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ...................................... 7,740 567 1,363 1,336 661 932 379 1,004 547 951 17.6

 Food Sales .................................... 642 Q Q Q Q Q Q 129 Q Q 29.7

 Food Service ................................ 1,353 Q Q 417 Q Q Q 164 Q 213 28.9

 Health Care ................................... 2,333 Q 313 310 156 372 203 341 Q 380 21.7

 Lodging ......................................... 3,618 Q 199 642 267 729 324 261 383 663 24.6

 Mercantile and Service ................. 12,728 820 2,019 1,994 1,209 2,103 1,325 1,436 456 1,366 15.4

 Office ............................................ 10,478 538 1,616 1,556 782 2,042 529 911 769 1,734 15.3

 Public Assembly ........................... 3,948 Q 483 616 341 649 287 432 436 494 23.3

 Public Order and Safety ................ 1,271 Q 406 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 41.0

 Religious Worship ......................... 2,792 Q 363 411 222 257 384 365 271 440 28.6

 Warehouse and Storage ............... 8,481 308 1,172 1,624 420 1,543 1,031 861 Q 999 24.3

 Other ............................................. 1,004 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 52.4

 Vacant ........................................... 2,384 Q 512 396 Q 271 Q 349 Q 323 31.9

Year Constructed

 1919 or Before .............................. 3,673 325 900 1,160 369 Q Q Q 175 229 25.0

 1920 to 1945 ................................. 6,710 425 1,369 1,826 488 533 438 738 407 486 23.8

 1946 to 1959 ................................. 9,298 372 1,571 1,479 790 1,338 491 1,362 854 1,041 18.2

 1960 to 1969 ................................. 10,858 723 1,621 1,526 830 1,761 1,117 979 651 1,650 16.2

 1970 to 1979 ................................. 11,333 497 1,161 1,600 836 2,015 1,009 1,320 597 2,298 14.3

 1980 to 1989 ................................. 12,252 593 1,535 1,356 967 2,550 1,390 1,431 879 1,550 17.3

 1990 to 1992 ................................. 2,590 Q 360 370 Q 642 233 Q 190 319 26.0

 1993 to 1995 ................................. 2,059 Q Q 338 Q 298 208 244 Q 308 29.0

Floors

 One ............................................... 24,552 801 2,536 3,250 2,048 4,517 2,621 3,881 1,671 3,226 13.0

 Two ............................................... 14,122 846 1,891 2,432 1,105 2,236 1,531 1,022 960 2,099 15.1

 Three ............................................ 7,335 606 1,497 1,719 587 820 333 491 503 779 19.9

 Four to Nine .................................. 8,789 598 1,748 1,644 818 1,261 283 621 628 1,188 18.2

 Ten or More .................................. 3,975 Q 1,070 610 Q 641 Q 424 Q 589 24.6

Workers (main shift)

 Fewer than 5 ................................. 13,885 588 1,842 2,409 1,174 1,775 1,277 2,293 889 1,636 16.3

 5 to 9 ............................................. 6,291 229 829 1,296 468 1,086 545 451 490 896 21.0

 10 to 19 ......................................... 7,102 462 855 1,140 371 1,018 887 795 641 932 17.9

 20 to 49 ......................................... 9,132 490 1,318 1,386 1,004 1,512 762 938 486 1,237 14.1

 50 to 99 ......................................... 6,931 491 773 1,056 448 1,476 575 682 524 905 16.7

 100 to 249 ..................................... 5,988 330 1,100 1,069 510 990 331 435 376 848 20.6

 250 or More .................................. 9,443 550 2,027 1,298 691 1,618 540 843 449 1,426 15.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.4 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.0

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ................................... 6,134 171 948 1,106 495 850 472 989 425 678 20.8

 40 to 48 ......................................... 13,233 542 1,626 2,314 1,206 2,197 1,247 1,468 1,070 1,563 15.5

 49 to 60 ......................................... 12,242 706 1,776 1,632 746 2,128 1,021 1,637 789 1,806 15.9

 61 to 84 ......................................... 10,052 787 1,324 1,857 769 1,827 663 787 466 1,574 17.6

 85 to 167 ....................................... 6,202 402 1,009 1,127 507 721 522 562 427 926 17.8

 Open Continuously ....................... 10,908 533 2,060 1,619 945 1,752 993 995 678 1,334 13.7

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................ 46,696 2,354 6,592 8,088 3,326 7,731 4,300 5,025 2,899 6,381 9.6

 Owner Occupied ......................... 35,573 1,909 5,064 6,653 2,750 5,549 3,601 3,514 2,249 4,284 10.2

 Nonowner Occupied ................... 9,697 415 1,207 1,139 505 2,005 584 1,251 608 1,982 20.9

 Unoccupied ................................. 1,426 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 56.1

 Government Owned ...................... 12,076 786 2,151 1,567 1,342 1,744 617 1,413 956 1,500 13.9

Space in Building Vacant for at

Least Three Consecutive Months

 Yes ................................................ 15,844 905 2,383 2,734 957 2,650 1,323 1,676 759 2,457 14.3

 No ................................................. 42,928 2,235 6,360 6,921 3,711 6,825 3,594 4,762 3,097 5,424 10.1

Number of Establishments

 One ............................................... 41,057 2,077 5,988 6,732 3,757 6,033 3,688 4,602 3,002 5,178 9.9

 2 to 5 ............................................. 7,325 466 935 1,508 347 1,097 497 719 489 1,265 19.7

 6 to 10 ........................................... 2,672 Q 359 304 161 637 320 262 Q 416 22.0

 11 to 20 ......................................... 2,228 Q 304 283 Q 677 Q Q Q 336 21.6

 More than 20 ................................. 3,943 Q 754 531 Q 842 Q 463 Q 551 23.2

 Currently Unoccupied ................... 1,548 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 53.4

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ........................................ 42,958 2,273 6,900 7,174 3,330 7,546 3,463 4,056 3,266 4,949 9.6

 Siding or Shingles ......................... 3,243 349 362 719 222 213 193 327 Q 779 27.8

 Metal Panels ................................. 5,694 186 696 1,058 759 715 827 938 186 329 22.7

 Concrete Panels ........................... 4,069 234 203 416 209 566 243 751 225 1,222 25.0

 Window Glass ............................... 1,755 Q 330 183 Q 272 Q 254 Q 377 26.5

 Other ............................................. 660 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 162 28.7

 No One Major Type ...................... 393 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 76.9

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ......................................... 24,481 1,044 3,230 3,649 1,275 4,059 1,916 3,121 2,055 4,130 12.9

 Shingles (Not Wood) ..................... 11,093 679 1,952 1,888 942 1,555 1,093 834 789 1,361 15.7

 Metal Surfacing ............................. 7,941 327 660 1,160 731 1,283 1,277 1,572 357 575 16.9

 Synthetic or Rubber ...................... 10,235 709 2,150 2,064 1,511 1,491 489 467 474 879 14.7

 Slate or Tile ................................... 1,920 155 251 303 Q 348 Q Q Q 509 26.7

 Wooden Materials ......................... 1,130 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 254 48.6

 Concrete ....................................... 1,335 Q Q Q Q 430 Q Q Q Q 45.2

 Other ............................................. 332 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 51.4

 No One Major Type ...................... 305 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 67.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.4 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.0

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

 Electricity ...................................... 57,076 3,072 8,372 9,422 4,465 9,301 4,674 6,183 3,821 7,766 8.5

 Natural Gas ................................... 38,145 1,433 5,674 7,553 3,352 4,802 3,163 4,326 2,624 5,217 10.9

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 14,421 2,002 3,421 1,701 980 2,742 724 709 419 1,722 15.3

 District Heat .................................. 5,658 226 1,542 1,214 688 364 130 544 Q 631 22.4

 District Chilled Water .................... 2,521 Q 237 365 414 327 Q 495 118 414 26.0

 Propane ........................................ 5,344 834 855 688 405 1,157 586 270 Q 460 28.8

 Other ............................................. 2,336 Q 544 400 Q 231 Q Q Q 220 29.5

Energy End Uses (more

than one may apply)

 Buildings with Space Heating ....... 54,347 3,043 8,137 9,021 4,490 8,518 4,424 5,958 3,726 7,030 8.8

 Buildings with Cooling ................... 49,935 2,450 7,073 7,927 4,106 8,568 4,286 5,752 3,289 6,484 9.0

 Buildings with Water Heating ........ 51,560 2,884 7,894 8,520 3,997 8,230 4,142 5,139 3,689 7,065 8.8

 Buildings with Cooking .................. 20,713 1,263 3,371 3,534 1,250 3,923 1,138 2,112 1,126 2,995 11.9

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........ 3,893 213 470 625 432 705 338 414 Q 545 26.9

 Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ................................... 13,366 1,032 2,845 1,828 910 2,665 669 1,025 559 1,832 13.9

Percent of Floorspace

Heated

 Not Heated .................................... 4,425 Q 605 633 178 957 493 480 Q 851 28.9

 1 to 50 ........................................... 6,227 195 824 901 271 979 452 947 Q 1,173 24.8

 51 to 99 ......................................... 8,868 817 1,684 820 660 1,027 707 1,121 421 1,611 19.2

 100 ................................................ 39,252 2,031 5,630 7,301 3,559 6,512 3,265 3,889 2,819 4,246 8.9

Percent of Floorspace

Cooled

 Not Cooled .................................... 8,837 690 1,669 1,728 562 907 631 686 566 1,397 20.7

 1 to 50 ........................................... 15,027 1,025 2,759 3,178 1,236 1,883 1,243 1,186 766 1,751 15.0

 51 to 99 ......................................... 12,549 837 2,226 1,821 1,219 2,093 786 1,382 589 1,595 15.2

 100 ................................................ 22,359 588 2,088 2,927 1,651 4,592 2,257 3,184 1,934 3,137 11.4

Percent Lit when Open

 Zero .............................................. 189 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 69.9

 1 to 50 ........................................... 6,008 224 906 1,304 294 726 500 946 266 843 22.5

 51 to 99 ......................................... 9,692 749 1,669 1,525 722 1,198 659 1,154 683 1,333 19.3

 100 ................................................ 40,514 2,060 5,727 6,491 3,383 7,170 3,488 3,950 2,805 5,440 9.6

 Building Not in Use/

 Electricity Not Used ..................... 2,369 Q 427 326 Q 324 Q 354 Q 258 34.8

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Heat Pumps .................................. 5,843 137 520 345 434 1,648 1,140 401 469 750 18.6

 Furnaces ....................................... 14,923 624 2,107 3,430 1,555 1,990 1,059 1,448 1,104 1,606 15.1

 Individual Space Heaters .............. 16,809 780 2,613 3,264 1,132 2,563 1,450 1,770 899 2,338 16.2

 District Heat .................................. 5,911 235 1,598 1,239 745 396 140 565 Q 623 22.3

 Boilers ........................................... 16,754 1,853 3,357 3,096 1,384 2,091 747 1,114 1,128 1,984 12.3

 Packaged Heating Units ............... 16,893 634 1,944 1,768 1,100 3,109 1,657 2,672 1,085 2,924 14.5

 Other ............................................. 6,249 610 1,369 1,220 370 1,001 261 653 196 569 23.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.4 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.0

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ........................... 9,238 416 1,287 1,770 964 1,666 634 1,426 549 526 16.5

 Heat Pumps .................................. 6,931 185 609 469 443 2,032 1,110 474 533 1,076 18.3

 Individual Air Conditioners ............ 12,494 1,086 2,639 2,578 973 1,900 730 1,068 443 1,077 15.1

 District Chilled Water .................... 2,521 Q 237 365 414 327 Q 495 118 414 26.0

 Central Chillers ............................. 11,065 540 1,962 1,727 826 2,018 611 1,107 785 1,488 15.3

 Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ............................................. 26,628 1,186 4,182 3,988 1,929 4,528 2,148 3,061 1,715 3,891 12.1

 Swamp Coolers ............................ 2,451 Q Q Q Q Q Q 378 928 815 28.0

 Other ............................................. 949 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 40.5

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one

may apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation .............. 46,355 2,593 6,447 7,488 4,132 7,701 4,026 5,016 3,011 5,941 9.7

 Wall Insulation .............................. 31,694 1,516 4,411 5,266 3,201 5,389 2,997 3,492 1,807 3,615 10.2

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............. 28,876 1,778 4,664 6,051 3,413 4,448 1,947 2,080 2,090 2,404 11.1

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ............................. 24,245 760 2,825 3,579 1,895 4,400 1,750 2,825 1,939 4,271 10.9

 Exterior or Interior

 Shading or Awnings ..................... 37,208 1,880 5,153 5,556 3,142 6,443 3,096 3,600 2,693 5,646 9.3

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ......... 13,473 733 2,116 2,276 1,302 1,894 717 1,324 938 2,173 13.7

 Economizer Cycle ......................... 16,550 1,070 3,077 3,119 1,617 2,157 683 1,196 1,265 2,367 13.0

 HVAC Maintenance ...................... 43,134 2,719 6,819 6,896 3,527 7,224 3,140 4,185 3,044 5,580 9.7

 Other Energy Efficient

 Equipment .................................... 6,453 387 1,236 1,118 396 784 275 720 391 1,147 18.7

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ...................... 17,868 991 3,367 2,945 1,380 2,836 1,047 1,887 835 2,580 13.5

 Energy-Efficient Ballasts ............... 28,375 2,000 4,869 4,258 2,018 4,852 1,835 2,632 1,604 4,306 10.3

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ........................................ 6,431 252 1,069 951 532 1,306 342 520 457 1,001 19.0

 Occupancy Sensors ...................... 5,958 568 1,155 679 244 866 209 402 370 1,465 21.8

 Time Clock .................................... 13,262 752 2,482 1,802 687 2,456 594 1,103 710 2,676 13.4

 Manual Dimmer Switches ............. 13,056 723 1,914 2,379 783 2,391 831 1,326 784 1,926 14.5

 Other ............................................. 2,836 Q 621 316 174 334 Q 297 Q 560 25.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5. Census Region and Division, Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Census Region and Division

RSE

Row

Factor

Northeast Midwest South West

New

England

Middle

Atlantic

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central Mountain Pacific

0.4 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.0

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features .......... 55,288 3,028 8,090 9,229 4,504 9,066 4,413 5,660 3,751 7,547 8.7

 Building Shell ................................ 53,190 2,860 7,605 8,730 4,432 8,875 4,300 5,582 3,544 7,263 8.9

 HVAC ............................................ 44,657 2,725 7,129 7,138 3,627 7,468 3,174 4,262 3,147 5,988 9.7

 Lighting ......................................... 38,537 2,284 6,636 6,516 2,978 6,276 2,276 3,535 2,393 5,643 9.2

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.
Table 6. Climate Zone, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.6 1.7 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.3 0.4 1.3 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0

All Buildings ................................ 4,579 493 975 1,070 1,103 937 58,772 5,098 14,597 15,155 13,491 10,430 9.1

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ............................. 2,399 287 511 516 568 517 6,338 803 1,422 1,302 1,465 1,347 13.4

 5,001 to 10,000 ........................... 1,035 96 194 298 226 220 7,530 722 1,436 2,188 1,616 1,569 15.6

 10,001 to 25,000 ......................... 745 76 164 162 218 125 11,617 1,185 2,501 2,464 3,458 2,009 14.2

 25,001 to 50,000 ......................... 213 19 52 47 52 42 7,676 664 1,853 1,745 1,953 1,460 11.1

 50,001 to 100,000 ....................... 115 10 32 25 25 22 7,968 677 2,218 1,790 1,710 1,574 12.4

 100,001 to 200,000 ..................... 48 4 15 13 10 7 6,776 498 2,160 1,877 1,324 917 14.2

 200,001 to 500,000 ..................... 19 1 5 6 3 3 5,553 368 1,565 1,801 1,106 713 16.0

 Over 500,000 ............................... 6 Q 2 2 1 1 5,313 Q 1,444 1,988 860 841 17.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education .................................... 309 14 54 55 105 81 7,740 665 2,373 2,105 1,314 1,284 16.9

 Food Sales .................................. 137 Q Q Q 38 47 642 Q Q Q 216 182 23.9

 Food Service .............................. 285 Q 56 49 73 77 1,353 Q 378 259 316 272 23.5

 Health Care ................................. 105 Q 23 25 24 29 2,333 Q 565 519 545 535 25.9

 Lodging ........................................ 158 14 26 28 53 37 3,618 268 1,004 465 1,240 641 23.3

 Mercantile and Service ................ 1,289 163 306 351 255 214 12,728 1,431 2,929 3,244 2,757 2,366 14.5

 Office ........................................... 705 69 143 144 223 125 10,478 666 2,497 3,331 2,545 1,440 14.5

 Public Assembly .......................... 326 49 51 111 54 62 3,948 471 890 1,134 852 602 22.5

 Public Order and Safety .............. 87 Q 38 29 5 Q 1,271 Q 423 388 181 Q 36.8

 Religious Worship ....................... 269 Q 51 61 61 62 2,792 Q 609 796 717 432 22.6

 Warehouse and Storage ............. 580 74 149 124 116 116 8,481 518 2,043 1,904 2,095 1,922 21.3

 Other ........................................... 67 Q Q Q 8 Q 1,004 Q 205 Q 198 Q 40.8

 Vacant ......................................... 261 Q 47 64 89 57 2,384 Q 542 774 516 482 26.7

Year Constructed

 1919 or Before ............................. 353 50 126 130 20 26 3,673 379 1,511 1,375 216 192 25.2

 1920 to 1945 ............................... 562 65 192 116 99 90 6,710 520 2,569 1,792 1,061 769 18.5

 1946 to 1959 ............................... 867 74 222 214 184 173 9,298 795 2,382 2,463 2,025 1,633 14.7

 1960 to 1969 ............................... 718 89 103 168 204 154 10,858 1,312 2,013 2,795 2,687 2,051 14.7

 1970 to 1979 ............................... 813 56 129 146 262 219 11,333 857 2,398 2,574 3,123 2,381 12.7

 1980 to 1989 ............................... 846 103 146 163 237 197 12,252 782 2,748 2,816 3,269 2,638 14.3

 1990 to 1992 ............................... 218 Q 35 52 71 41 2,590 Q 565 751 706 394 24.4

 1993 to 1995 ............................... 202 36 23 81 Q 36 2,059 279 411 590 406 373 27.1

Floors

 One .............................................. 3,018 257 538 622 805 795 24,552 1,787 4,925 5,032 6,449 6,358 11.7

 Two .............................................. 1,002 146 226 277 240 113 14,122 1,618 3,068 3,666 3,595 2,175 13.3

 Three ........................................... 399 76 168 108 31 17 7,335 884 2,755 2,039 1,029 628 17.5

 Four to Nine ................................. 148 14 41 58 24 11 8,789 729 2,820 2,843 1,519 878 19.4

 Ten or More ................................. 12 Q 2 5 3 1 3,975 Q 1,029 1,575 900 391 19.4

Census Region

 Northeast ..................................... 725 117 347 261 Q Q 11,883 1,094 4,956 5,833 Q Q 13.5

 Midwest ....................................... 1,139 335 513 291 Q Q 14,322 3,598 7,615 3,109 Q Q 14.6

 South ........................................... 1,750 Q Q 347 603 799 20,830 Q Q 4,342 7,778 8,711 13.7

 West ............................................ 964 41 114 170 501 138 11,736 406 2,026 1,872 5,713 1,719 17.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Climate Zone, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.6 1.7 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.3 0.4 1.3 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0

Workers (main shift)

 Fewer than 5 ............................... 2,505 269 534 622 532 547 13,885 1,261 3,096 3,531 3,072 2,925 13.8

 5 to 9 ........................................... 798 89 177 146 232 154 6,291 665 1,779 1,279 1,622 946 17.9

 10 to 19 ....................................... 625 87 120 141 156 121 7,102 812 1,609 1,504 1,742 1,435 16.2

 20 to 49 ....................................... 400 30 88 106 108 67 9,132 870 2,215 2,334 2,329 1,385 13.9

 50 to 99 ....................................... 138 11 25 24 46 31 6,931 601 1,829 1,514 1,624 1,362 13.1

 100 to 249 ................................... 71 4 21 18 16 11 5,988 475 1,699 1,747 1,121 945 14.8

 250 or More ................................. 43 2 9 12 14 6 9,443 413 2,370 3,246 1,981 1,433 16.8

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ................................. 899 109 164 227 194 205 6,134 612 1,158 1,736 1,215 1,413 17.9

 40 to 48 ....................................... 1,257 125 275 259 327 271 13,233 947 3,327 3,293 2,987 2,679 14.4

 49 to 60 ....................................... 969 106 223 193 259 188 12,242 968 2,943 2,999 3,207 2,125 13.9

 61 to 84 ....................................... 567 63 112 142 131 119 10,052 1,145 2,610 2,483 2,165 1,650 15.1

 85 to 167 ..................................... 420 44 90 128 94 65 6,202 611 1,848 1,582 1,334 827 15.4

 Open Continuously ...................... 466 47 111 121 97 90 10,908 816 2,710 3,063 2,583 1,737 15.8

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned .............. 4,025 455 859 943 952 817 46,696 4,013 11,271 11,717 11,144 8,551 9.8

 Owner Occupied ........................ 3,158 393 691 774 694 605 35,573 3,362 9,088 8,930 7,952 6,241 10.5

 Nonowner Occupied .................. 698 60 131 130 212 165 9,697 627 1,887 2,297 2,929 1,957 17.3

 Unoccupied ............................... 170 Q 37 38 46 46 1,426 Q 296 490 263 354 34.1

 Government Owned .................... 553 39 116 127 151 121 12,076 1,084 3,326 3,439 2,347 1,879 13.7

Space in Building Vacant for at

Least Three Consecutive

Months

 Yes .............................................. 787 62 137 200 231 159 15,844 1,179 3,653 4,324 3,834 2,854 14.0

 No ................................................ 3,791 432 838 870 872 779 42,928 3,919 10,944 10,831 9,658 7,576 9.8

Number of Establishments

 One .............................................. 3,712 398 781 871 895 768 41,057 3,829 10,565 10,105 9,530 7,028 10.0

 2 to 5 ........................................... 530 84 130 125 91 100 7,325 853 1,771 1,897 1,582 1,222 16.7

 6 to 10 ......................................... 91 Q 10 14 46 13 2,672 206 462 743 798 464 21.4

 11 to 20 ....................................... 28 Q 6 8 7 5 2,228 Q 440 725 495 463 17.7

 More than 20 ............................... 31 Q Q 5 Q 5 3,943 Q 1,050 1,114 812 886 22.9

 Currently Unoccupied .................. 187 Q 38 48 53 47 1,548 Q 311 572 274 367 32.4

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ....................................... 3,061 264 699 676 813 608 42,958 3,480 11,196 11,206 9,762 7,315 9.9

 Siding or Shingles ....................... 639 133 95 222 101 87 3,243 556 700 1,098 525 365 24.6

 Metal Panels ................................ 662 88 141 140 114 178 5,694 769 1,259 1,369 1,045 1,252 17.6

 Concrete Panels .......................... 106 Q 9 6 48 40 4,069 144 882 597 1,399 1,047 21.8

 Window Glass ............................. 46 Q Q Q 20 Q 1,755 Q 336 523 562 250 29.3

 Other ........................................... 50 Q Q Q Q Q 660 Q 136 141 166 156 33.1

 No One Major Type ..................... 15 Q Q Q Q Q 393 Q Q Q Q Q 77.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Climate Zone, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.6 1.7 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.3 0.4 1.3 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ........................................ 1,369 86 304 297 369 313 24,481 1,353 5,672 6,064 6,214 5,177 12.6

 Shingles (Not Wood) ................... 1,486 194 296 407 351 238 11,093 1,057 2,806 3,353 2,337 1,541 15.0

 Metal Surfacing ........................... 908 131 158 187 189 243 7,941 988 1,357 1,484 2,115 1,998 15.4

 Synthetic or Rubber ..................... 351 51 119 83 49 49 10,235 1,517 3,423 2,942 1,548 806 15.4

 Slate or Tile ................................. 202 Q 22 37 66 54 1,920 Q 410 465 580 340 24.6

 Wooden Materials ....................... 152 Q 41 49 51 Q 1,130 Q 353 394 339 Q 37.4

 Concrete ...................................... 58 Q Q Q Q 27 1,335 Q 431 Q 243 416 39.6

 Other ........................................... 36 Q Q Q Q Q 332 Q Q Q Q Q 57.0

 No One Major Type ..................... Q Q Q Q Q Q 305 Q Q Q Q Q 62.8

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

 Electricity ..................................... 4,343 466 936 1,006 1,051 885 57,076 4,934 14,356 14,559 13,268 9,960 8.8

 Natural Gas ................................. 2,478 265 626 490 674 423 38,145 3,399 10,754 9,094 9,598 5,300 10.0

 Fuel Oil ........................................ 607 110 149 259 52 38 14,421 1,798 3,724 5,250 2,343 1,307 17.2

 District Heat ................................. 110 3 30 44 10 Q 5,658 267 1,919 2,292 537 643 20.2

 District Chilled Water ................... 53 Q 8 16 6 Q 2,521 Q 624 632 432 726 27.9

 Propane ....................................... 589 117 140 141 117 75 5,344 1,092 1,220 1,325 978 730 24.1

 Other ........................................... 213 36 62 56 24 34 2,336 322 610 769 405 230 26.2

Energy End Uses (more

than one may apply)

 Buildings with Space Heating ...... 4,024 443 877 927 955 822 54,347 4,901 13,937 14,147 12,350 9,014 9.1

 Buildings with Cooling ................. 3,381 321 656 714 887 803 49,935 4,115 11,903 12,620 11,981 9,315 8.8

 Buildings with Water Heating ...... 3,486 384 771 822 864 645 51,560 4,499 13,291 13,546 11,982 8,241 8.9

 Buildings with Cooking ................ 828 96 157 203 208 164 20,713 1,511 5,610 5,758 4,570 3,263 11.2

 Buildings with Manufacturing ....... 204 28 27 53 45 51 3,893 476 701 1,024 807 884 25.6

 Buildings with Electricity

 Generation .................................. 247 11 87 76 44 28 13,366 931 3,633 4,226 2,832 1,745 15.8

Percent of Floorspace

Heated

 Not Heated .................................. 554 Q 98 142 148 116 4,425 Q 661 1,009 1,142 1,416 21.0

 1 to 50 ......................................... 555 46 104 150 113 142 6,227 428 1,000 1,454 1,640 1,705 20.7

 51 to 99 ....................................... 633 117 124 142 148 102 8,868 888 1,781 2,716 2,095 1,388 16.9

 100 .............................................. 2,836 281 649 636 694 577 39,252 3,585 11,155 9,976 8,615 5,922 9.3

Percent of Floorspace

Cooled

 Not Cooled .................................. 1,198 172 319 355 217 135 8,837 982 2,695 2,535 1,510 1,115 18.3

 1 to 50 ......................................... 930 119 220 253 177 161 15,027 1,794 4,284 4,327 2,789 1,833 14.4

 51 to 99 ....................................... 635 90 144 133 141 128 12,549 1,186 3,343 3,616 2,441 1,962 14.5

 100 .............................................. 1,816 112 292 328 569 515 22,359 1,135 4,275 4,677 6,751 5,520 10.5

Percent Lit when Open

 Zero ............................................. 36 Q Q Q Q Q 189 Q Q Q Q Q 66.4

 1 to 50 ......................................... 666 82 168 183 109 124 6,008 440 1,610 1,499 1,324 1,135 17.9

 51 to 99 ....................................... 745 115 158 149 186 136 9,692 1,063 2,652 2,339 2,153 1,485 18.1

 100 .............................................. 2,814 261 586 640 725 603 40,514 3,379 9,960 10,519 9,453 7,202 9.7

 Building Not in Use/

 Electricity Not Used .................... 318 Q 55 92 75 60 2,369 Q 343 788 474 551 28.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Climate Zone, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.6 1.7 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.3 0.4 1.3 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................. 394 4 19 110 165 97 5,843 254 586 1,756 1,944 1,303 17.6

 Furnaces ..................................... 1,676 260 464 465 297 190 14,923 1,893 4,325 3,993 3,128 1,584 13.8

 Individual Space Heaters ............ 1,188 134 199 294 319 242 16,809 1,550 4,434 4,734 3,859 2,231 14.9

 District Heat ................................. 115 3 31 45 11 Q 5,911 299 2,001 2,376 585 651 20.0

 Boilers ......................................... 610 110 235 165 67 33 16,754 2,125 5,565 4,833 2,985 1,247 13.2

 Packaged Heating Units .............. 1,031 40 116 138 387 350 16,893 917 3,010 3,395 5,412 4,159 12.6

 Other ........................................... 161 Q 49 27 8 35 6,249 702 1,850 1,886 725 1,087 22.5

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .......................... 878 121 229 188 133 207 9,238 933 2,265 2,554 1,533 1,952 14.9

 Heat Pumps ................................. 457 4 18 134 193 108 6,931 298 655 2,204 2,352 1,421 16.5

 Individual Air Conditioners ........... 862 105 183 238 152 183 12,494 1,361 3,585 3,844 2,029 1,675 14.1

 District Chilled Water ................... 53 Q 8 16 6 Q 2,521 Q 624 632 432 726 27.9

 Central Chillers ............................ 109 8 24 24 25 28 11,065 643 2,922 3,181 2,581 1,737 15.7

 Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ........................................... 1,431 112 276 239 452 353 26,628 2,117 6,153 6,616 6,939 4,804 10.6

 Swamp Coolers ........................... 186 Q Q Q 79 61 2,451 Q 412 157 893 847 32.5

 Other ........................................... 18 Q 5 7 Q Q 949 Q 360 283 Q Q 34.9

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

 Incandescent ............................... 2,479 294 535 584 538 529 35,715 2,910 9,694 9,851 7,105 6,155 9.8

 Standard Fluorescent .................. 3,885 422 846 881 970 766 53,984 4,688 13,689 13,858 12,579 9,170 8.8

 Compact Fluorescent .................. 364 62 72 108 68 54 14,273 1,195 3,796 4,527 2,709 2,046 15.1

 High-Intensity Discharge ............. 393 40 122 120 58 52 16,259 1,487 4,925 5,079 2,664 2,104 13.1

 Halogen ....................................... 302 15 94 81 70 42 9,665 569 2,986 2,686 2,046 1,379 16.9

 Other ........................................... 30 Q Q Q Q Q 554 Q Q Q Q Q 82.6

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one

may apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............ 3,380 399 694 820 766 701 46,355 4,561 11,267 11,885 10,339 8,302 9.7

 Wall Insulation ............................. 2,372 335 453 565 563 456 31,694 3,621 7,580 8,159 7,300 5,035 10.3

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............ 1,897 348 522 504 362 160 28,876 4,002 8,567 8,129 5,233 2,945 11.1

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ............................ 1,202 99 203 217 404 279 24,245 1,637 5,382 5,853 6,459 4,915 11.3

 Exterior or Interior

 Shading or Awnings ................... 2,271 224 419 526 643 460 37,208 3,174 8,946 9,799 8,736 6,554 10.1

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ....... 327 21 88 65 103 49 13,473 964 4,053 3,398 3,282 1,777 15.2

 Economizer Cycle ....................... 461 77 130 86 106 62 16,550 1,819 5,002 4,853 3,259 1,617 13.3

 HVAC Maintenance ..................... 2,403 273 599 506 577 448 43,134 3,759 11,647 11,170 9,743 6,815 9.4

 Other Energy Efficient

 Equipment .................................. 198 Q 41 37 72 29 6,453 460 1,843 1,764 1,518 868 21.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 6. Climate Zone, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

All

Buildings

Average Annual Heating and Cooling

Degree-Days (HDD and CDD)

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

More

than

2,000

CDD

and

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

More

than

7,000

HDD

5,500

to

7,000

HDD

4,000

to

5,499

HDD

Fewer

than

4,000

HDD

0.6 1.7 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.3 0.4 1.3 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ..................... 749 108 158 204 175 105 17,868 1,615 4,253 5,655 3,793 2,552 12.8

 Energy-Efficient Ballasts ............. 1,363 136 311 327 368 221 28,375 2,471 7,312 8,010 6,498 4,084 11.2

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ...................................... 237 10 43 89 58 37 6,431 371 1,499 1,976 1,667 918 20.3

 Occupancy Sensors .................... 131 20 28 33 33 17 5,958 467 1,511 1,667 1,728 585 22.5

 Time Clock .................................. 467 26 120 121 123 77 13,262 482 3,202 4,080 3,177 2,322 15.2

 Manual Dimmer Switches ............ 501 56 133 111 132 68 13,056 927 3,540 3,596 3,151 1,843 12.5

 Other ........................................... 79 3 21 9 30 15 2,836 317 872 586 757 304 28.1

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ......... 4,075 456 885 954 971 809 55,288 4,965 13,943 14,379 12,491 9,510 9.1

 Building Shell ............................... 3,906 442 815 915 945 788 53,190 4,816 13,137 13,825 12,165 9,247 9.2

 HVAC .......................................... 2,529 288 632 542 608 458 44,657 3,912 11,943 11,613 10,211 6,979 9.4

 Lighting ........................................ 2,084 229 511 507 521 316 38,537 3,303 10,471 10,712 8,471 5,580 9.7

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.
Table 7. Metropolitan Status, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All Buildings Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan All Buildings Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

0.8 0.9 1.8 0.6 0.7 1.6

All Buildings .................................. 4,579 3,082 1,497 58,772 47,383 11,389 5.0

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ............................... 2,399 1,457 942 6,338 3,948 2,390 7.2

 5,001 to 10,000 ............................. 1,035 711 324 7,530 5,167 2,363 9.5

 10,001 to 25,000 ........................... 745 578 167 11,617 8,997 2,620 9.0

 25,001 to 50,000 ........................... 213 178 35 7,676 6,428 1,248 8.3

 50,001 to 100,000 ......................... 115 92 23 7,968 6,436 1,531 8.2

 100,001 to 200,000 ....................... 48 43 6 6,776 6,001 776 10.7

 200,001 to 500,000 ....................... 19 17 1 5,553 5,162 391 12.9

 Over 500,000 ................................ 6 6 Q 5,313 5,243 Q 12.0

Principal Building Activity

 Education ...................................... 309 256 53 7,740 6,140 1,601 11.2

 Food Sales .................................... 137 92 45 642 470 172 17.3

 Food Service ................................ 285 198 86 1,353 1,014 339 15.3

 Health Care ................................... 105 79 26 2,333 1,887 446 15.2

 Lodging ......................................... 158 118 41 3,618 3,078 540 15.3

 Mercantile and Service ................. 1,289 852 437 12,728 9,919 2,808 9.1

 Office ............................................ 705 524 181 10,478 9,507 971 9.6

 Public Assembly ........................... 326 189 137 3,948 3,045 903 14.3

 Public Order and Safety ................ 87 60 28 1,271 951 321 27.4

 Religious Worship ......................... 269 147 122 2,792 1,989 803 14.7

 Warehouse and Storage ............... 580 349 231 8,481 6,598 1,883 13.7

 Other ............................................. 67 47 Q 1,004 830 Q 33.2

 Vacant ........................................... 261 171 90 2,384 1,955 429 19.1

Year Constructed

 1919 or Before .............................. 353 235 118 3,673 2,811 862 15.5

 1920 to 1945 ................................. 562 379 182 6,710 5,301 1,409 12.2

 1946 to 1959 ................................. 867 597 270 9,298 7,134 2,164 8.8

 1960 to 1969 ................................. 718 457 262 10,858 8,490 2,368 8.8

 1970 to 1979 ................................. 813 569 244 11,333 9,424 1,909 7.9

 1980 to 1989 ................................. 846 580 266 12,252 10,608 1,644 9.3

 1990 to 1992 ................................. 218 137 81 2,590 2,050 540 16.3

 1993 to 1995 ................................. 202 129 73 2,059 1,565 494 18.2

Floors

 One ............................................... 3,018 1,955 1,063 24,552 18,287 6,265 6.7

 Two ............................................... 1,002 656 346 14,122 10,873 3,249 7.7

 Three ............................................ 399 328 71 7,335 6,249 1,085 12.5

 Four to Nine .................................. 148 131 17 8,789 8,003 786 13.6

 Ten or More .................................. 12 12 Q 3,975 3,972 Q 14.7

Census Region

 Northeast ...................................... 725 563 163 11,883 10,413 1,470 11.3

 Midwest ......................................... 1,139 680 459 14,322 10,742 3,580 9.8

 South ............................................ 1,750 1,109 641 20,830 16,011 4,820 7.2

 West .............................................. 964 730 234 11,736 10,217 1,519 13.2

Climate Zone: 45-Year

Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ................ 493 185 308 5,098 2,487 2,611 19.0

 5,500 to 7,000 HDD ................... 975 769 206 14,597 12,720 1,878 11.3

 4,000 to 5,499 HDD ................... 1,070 614 456 15,155 12,168 2,987 15.7

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .............. 1,103 823 281 13,491 11,150 2,342 15.6

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .............. 937 691 246 10,430 8,858 1,572 14.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Metropolitan Status, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All Buildings Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan All Buildings Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

0.8 0.9 1.8 0.6 0.7 1.6

Workers (main shift)

 Fewer than 5 ................................. 2,505 1,474 1,031 13,885 9,178 4,707 7.7

 5 to 9 ............................................. 798 579 218 6,291 4,785 1,506 10.8

 10 to 19 ......................................... 625 481 144 7,102 5,646 1,456 9.8

 20 to 49 ......................................... 400 329 71 9,132 7,687 1,445 9.2

 50 to 99 ......................................... 138 114 23 6,931 5,577 1,354 11.1

 100 to 249 ..................................... 71 64 7 5,988 5,448 540 11.6

 250 or More .................................. 43 41 2 9,443 9,062 381 14.2

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ................................... 899 501 398 6,134 3,983 2,151 10.2

 40 to 48 ......................................... 1,257 858 399 13,233 10,172 3,061 8.2

 49 to 60 ......................................... 969 667 303 12,242 9,804 2,438 9.2

 61 to 84 ......................................... 567 432 135 10,052 8,742 1,310 10.7

 85 to 167 ....................................... 420 302 118 6,202 5,290 911 10.6

 Open Continuously ....................... 466 322 144 10,908 9,392 1,517 9.6

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................ 4,025 2,644 1,381 46,696 37,517 9,179 5.5

 Owner Occupied ......................... 3,158 2,007 1,151 35,573 27,955 7,618 5.8

 Nonowner Occupied ................... 698 523 175 9,697 8,383 1,314 11.4

 Unoccupied ................................. 170 114 56 1,426 1,179 248 25.0

 Government Owned ...................... 553 438 116 12,076 9,866 2,210 8.6

Space in Building Vacant for at

Least Three Consecutive Months

 Yes ................................................ 787 574 214 15,844 13,881 1,963 9.3

 No ................................................. 3,791 2,508 1,283 42,928 33,502 9,426 5.5

Number of Establishments

 One ............................................... 3,712 2,428 1,284 41,057 31,582 9,475 5.2

 2 to 5 ............................................. 530 399 132 7,325 6,190 1,134 11.9

 6 to 10 ........................................... 91 76 15 2,672 2,389 283 17.6

 11 to 20 ......................................... 28 25 Q 2,228 2,081 Q 12.6

 More than 20 ................................. 31 23 Q 3,943 3,843 Q 21.6

 Currently Unoccupied ................... 187 131 56 1,548 1,298 250 23.9

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility .......... 1,480 1,073 407 24,352 19,942 4,409 6.6

 Not on Multibuilding Facility .......... 3,099 2,009 1,090 34,420 27,441 6,980 5.7

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ........................................ 3,061 2,142 919 42,958 35,036 7,922 5.6

 Siding or Shingles ......................... 639 374 265 3,243 2,182 1,061 15.8

 Metal Panels ................................. 662 360 302 5,694 3,583 2,111 10.9

 Concrete Panels ........................... 106 101 Q 4,069 3,903 Q 15.9

 Window Glass ............................... 46 45 Q 1,755 1,688 Q 23.7

 Other ............................................. 50 47 Q 660 635 Q 27.2

 No One Major Type ...................... 15 Q Q 393 357 Q 50.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Metropolitan Status, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All Buildings Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan All Buildings Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

0.8 0.9 1.8 0.6 0.7 1.6

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ......................................... 1,369 1,078 291 24,481 21,668 2,812 8.1

 Shingles (Not Wood) ..................... 1,486 878 609 11,093 8,079 3,013 8.6

 Metal Surfacing ............................. 908 494 415 7,941 4,839 3,102 9.6

 Synthetic or Rubber ...................... 351 270 81 10,235 8,450 1,785 10.0

 Slate or Tile ................................... 202 161 41 1,920 1,695 225 18.7

 Wooden Materials ......................... 152 121 Q 1,130 927 Q 29.0

 Concrete ....................................... 58 48 Q 1,335 1,244 Q 31.1

 Other ............................................. 36 23 Q 332 228 Q 37.3

 No One Major Type ...................... Q Q Q 305 252 Q 42.8

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

 Electricity ...................................... 4,343 2,951 1,392 57,076 46,149 10,927 4.8

 Natural Gas ................................... 2,478 1,807 671 38,145 32,053 6,092 6.0

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 607 378 230 14,421 12,181 2,240 11.6

 District Heat .................................. 110 105 5 5,658 5,411 247 19.1

 District Chilled Water .................... 53 50 Q 2,521 2,387 Q 22.2

 Propane ........................................ 589 319 270 5,344 3,051 2,293 14.7

 Other ............................................. 213 125 88 2,336 1,632 704 19.1

Energy End Uses (more

than one may apply)

 Buildings with Space Heating ....... 4,024 2,767 1,258 54,347 44,269 10,078 5.2

 Buildings with Cooling ................... 3,381 2,384 996 49,935 41,361 8,573 5.1

 Buildings with Water Heating ........ 3,486 2,437 1,049 51,560 42,617 8,942 5.2

 Buildings with Cooking .................. 828 599 228 20,713 17,516 3,197 6.9

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........ 204 159 45 3,893 3,295 598 18.3

 Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ................................... 247 187 59 13,366 11,880 1,485 12.0

Percent of Floorspace

Heated

 Not Heated .................................... 554 315 239 4,425 3,114 1,311 13.8

 1 to 50 ........................................... 555 402 153 6,227 5,015 1,212 12.6

 51 to 99 ......................................... 633 426 207 8,868 7,282 1,586 12.1

 100 ................................................ 2,836 1,939 897 39,252 31,973 7,280 5.5

Percent of Floorspace

Cooled

 Not Cooled .................................... 1,198 697 501 8,837 6,022 2,816 11.1

 1 to 50 ........................................... 930 647 283 15,027 11,664 3,362 9.1

 51 to 99 ......................................... 635 476 159 12,549 10,952 1,597 10.2

 100 ................................................ 1,816 1,262 554 22,359 18,745 3,614 6.6

Percent Lit when Open

 Zero .............................................. 36 Q Q 189 Q Q 44.1

 1 to 50 ........................................... 666 431 235 6,008 4,374 1,635 11.0

 51 to 99 ......................................... 745 498 248 9,692 7,553 2,138 11.6

 100 ................................................ 2,814 1,947 867 40,514 33,605 6,909 5.9

 Building Not in Use/

 Electricity Not Used ..................... 318 185 133 2,369 1,743 626 19.3

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Heat Pumps .................................. 394 259 135 5,843 4,657 1,187 9.6

 Furnaces ....................................... 1,676 1,073 604 14,923 11,188 3,735 8.1

 Individual Space Heaters .............. 1,188 762 426 16,809 13,540 3,269 9.8

 District Heat .................................. 115 109 5 5,911 5,646 266 18.7

 Boilers ........................................... 610 453 157 16,754 14,022 2,731 8.8

 Packaged Heating Units ............... 1,031 810 221 16,893 14,858 2,035 8.2

 Other ............................................. 161 98 63 6,249 5,511 738 19.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Metropolitan Status, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All Buildings Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan All Buildings Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

0.8 0.9 1.8 0.6 0.7 1.6

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ........................... 878 569 309 9,238 7,290 1,947 8.6

 Heat Pumps .................................. 457 297 161 6,931 5,557 1,374 9.7

 Individual Air Conditioners ............ 862 568 294 12,494 9,620 2,874 8.5

 District Chilled Water .................... 53 50 Q 2,521 2,387 Q 22.2

 Central Chillers ............................. 109 92 17 11,065 10,226 839 12.7

 Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ............................................. 1,431 1,109 322 26,628 22,847 3,782 7.7

 Swamp Coolers ............................ 186 139 46 2,451 2,139 312 24.3

 Other ............................................. 18 15 Q 949 852 Q 25.5

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

 Incandescent ................................ 2,479 1,667 813 35,715 29,393 6,322 5.6

 Standard Fluorescent ................... 3,885 2,727 1,158 53,984 44,299 9,685 4.8

 Compact Fluorescent .................... 364 302 62 14,273 12,879 1,394 11.1

 High-Intensity Discharge ............... 393 295 98 16,259 14,305 1,953 10.3

 Halogen ........................................ 302 232 70 9,665 8,611 1,055 12.2

 Other ............................................. 30 Q Q 554 497 Q 57.6

Personal Computers and/or

Computer Terminals

 None ............................................. 2,039 1,141 898 12,571 8,167 4,404 7.6

 1 to 4 ............................................. 1,408 1,014 395 11,401 8,735 2,665 8.4

 5 to 9 ............................................. 437 350 88 5,372 4,504 868 13.8

 10 to 19 ......................................... 344 276 67 5,947 5,057 890 13.5

 20 to 49 ......................................... 198 172 26 7,048 5,893 1,155 11.0

 50 to 99 ......................................... 81 62 19 4,938 4,130 808 12.0

 100 to 249 ..................................... 46 42 4 5,189 4,739 451 12.3

 250 or More .................................. 26 25 Q 6,307 6,159 Q 10.4

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ...... 828 599 228 20,713 17,516 3,197 6.9

 Computer Room ........................... 234 208 27 12,890 11,674 1,216 9.9

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ................. 243 158 85 6,753 5,540 1,213 12.4

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one

may apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation .............. 3,380 2,281 1,099 46,355 37,667 8,688 5.5

 Wall Insulation .............................. 2,372 1,567 805 31,694 25,191 6,503 6.0

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............. 1,897 1,226 671 28,876 22,984 5,892 6.5

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ............................. 1,202 859 343 24,245 20,978 3,267 6.9

 Exterior or Interior

 Shading or Awnings ..................... 2,271 1,605 667 37,208 30,893 6,315 5.7

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ......... 327 279 48 13,473 12,152 1,321 11.6

 Economizer Cycle ......................... 461 386 75 16,550 14,783 1,767 10.0

 HVAC Maintenance ...................... 2,403 1,783 620 43,134 36,455 6,679 5.9

 Other Energy Efficient

 Equipment .................................... 198 165 33 6,453 5,835 618 12.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Metropolitan Status, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All Buildings Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan All Buildings Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

0.8 0.9 1.8 0.6 0.7 1.6

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ...................... 749 583 167 17,868 15,818 2,050 9.4

 Energy-Efficient Ballasts ............... 1,363 1,016 347 28,375 24,271 4,103 7.5

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ........................................ 237 207 29 6,431 5,861 570 14.3

 Occupancy Sensors ...................... 131 96 35 5,958 5,237 721 17.1

 Time Clock .................................... 467 411 56 13,262 12,364 898 11.0

 Manual Dimmer Switches ............. 501 380 121 13,056 11,424 1,631 8.8

 Other ............................................. 79 61 Q 2,836 2,252 584 21.2

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features .......... 4,075 2,771 1,304 55,288 45,021 10,267 5.0

 Building Shell ................................ 3,906 2,659 1,247 53,190 43,296 9,894 5.2

 HVAC ............................................ 2,529 1,865 664 44,657 37,692 6,965 5.8

 Lighting ......................................... 2,084 1,585 498 38,537 33,068 5,469 6.3

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for

explanation of abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.