Released: August 2021

Next MECS will be fielded in 2023.

Table 10.17 Percent of Establishments by Levels of Price Difference that Would Cause Fuel

Switching from HGL (excluding natural gasoline) to a Less Expensive Substitute, 2018;

Level: National Data;Row: NAICS Codes;Column: Levels of Price Difference;Unit: Establishment Counts.

W

Would Not Estimate 

NAICS Establishments Switch Due 1 to 10 11 to 25 26 to 50 Over 50 Cannot 

Code(a) Subsector and Industry Able to Switch(b) to Price Percent Percent Percent Percent Be Provided 

Total United States

311 Food 417 24 4 51 224 Q 96 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 11 D 0 5 D D D 

311221 Wet Corn Milling D D 0D 0 0 D 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing D 0 0 0D 0 D 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 15 D D D D 0 D 

3115 Dairy Product 27 7 D D 0 0 8 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing D 0 0Q 0D D 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 190 Q D D D 0 Q 

3121 Beverages 186 Q D D 0 0 Q 

3122 Tobacco 4 0D 0D 0 0 

313 Textile Mills 31 D D 5 D 0 0 

314 Textile Product Mills Q 0DD 0 0 0 

315 Apparel Q 0DD 0 0 0 316 Leather and Allied Products Q 0 0 0 0D D 321 Wood Products 205 Q 0 17 Q Q 5 

321113 Sawmills 39 6 0 7 13 Q 5 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 82 Q 0 3 Q Q 0 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products 0 00000 0 

3219 Other Wood Products D Q 0D 3 0 0 

322 Paper 256 Q Q 0 Q Q Q 

322110 Pulp Mills 0 00000 0 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint D 0D 0 0 0 D 

322122 Newsprint Mills 0 00000 0 

322130 Paperboard Mills D 0D 0 0 0 D 

323 Printing and Related Support Q QQ 0 0 0 Q 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products 67 4 D D 28 0 D 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 11 D D 0 0 0 D 324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 48 D 0 17 D 0 D 324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials D D 0D 0 0 3 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products 0 00000 0 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products D 0 0 0D 0 D 

325 Chemicals 567 171 15 19 84 80 196 

325110 Petrochemicals D 0D 0 0 0 0 

325120 Industrial Gases Q 0Q 0Q 0 0 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 12 D 0 0 0 D 0 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 6 0DD 0 0 0 325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals D D 0D 0 0 0 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals Q QDQD 0 D 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins 47 Q D 0 0 Q D 

325212 Synthetic Rubber D 0 0 0 0D D 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 4 0DDD 0 0 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers 0 00000 0 

Levels of Price Difference that Would Cause a Switch from HGL(c)
325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 4 00000 4 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 11 D D 0 0 0 7 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 5 D 0 0 0 0 D 325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals 0 00000 0 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 370 Q Q Q Q 0 Q 327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 447 244 3 3 Q 6 180 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 24 D D 0 D D 12 

327211 Flat Glass 3 0 0 0 0D 0 327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware D 0D 0 0 0 0 

327213 Glass Containers D D0000 0 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 10 0 0 3 D D D 

327310 Cements 3 0 0 0D 0 D 

327410 Lime 0 00000 0 327420 Gypsum 0 00000 0 327993 Mineral Wool D 0D 0 0 0 D 

331 Primary Metals 119 30 D 9 26 D 37 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 18 D 0 D 4 0 D 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 20 D D 0 0 D 0 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 9 D 0D 5 0 D 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 5 D 0 0D 0 D 331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils 0 00000 0 331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 3 0 0DD 0 0 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 37 D 0 D 9 0 23 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 6 D0030 D 

3315 Foundries 35 6 0 4 Q Q 5 

331511 Iron Foundries 10 3 0 0 D D 0 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 15 D 0 0 0 D D 331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 4 0 0D 0 0 D 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 1,001 Q 0 Q Q Q Q 

333 Machinery 482 Q Q 0 Q Q Q 

334 Computer and Electronic Products 125 D 0 Q 0 D D 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 5 D 0 0 0D D 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components Q Q0000 Q 

336 Transportation Equipment 136 101 0 Q 0 5 13 

336111 Automobiles D D0000 D 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles 0 00000 0 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 17 0 0 Q 0 5 0 

336411 Aircraft 0 00000 0 

337 Furniture and Related Products 34 0 Q 0 Q Q 3 339 Miscellaneous 369 Q Q Q 0 0 0 

Total 5,283 1,303 267 1,091 662 512 1,336 

(a) The Bureau of the Census classifies establishments using the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

(b) This count includes only those establishments that reported this activity in 2018.

(c) These levels of price difference were guesstimates at which establishments perceived that they would switch. These levels were not actual values at which switching occurred. The percentage of price

difference is computed as the quantity of (current fuel price minus alternative fuel price) divided by the current fuel price, expressed as a percent.

* Estimate less than 0.5.

D=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.

Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error is greater than 50 percent.

NA=Not available.

Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. Establishment percent may not equal 100 percent because of unknown and/or unreported fuel‐switching guesstimat

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Demand and Integrated Statistics, Form EIA‐846, 2018 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey.

The Census Bureau has reviewed this data product for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and has approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied (Approval ID: CBDRB‐FY20‐260).
Released: August 2021

Next MECS will be fielded in 2023.

RSE Table 10.17 Relative Standard Errors for Table 10.17;

Unit: Percents.

Would Not Estimate 

NAICS Establishments Switch Due 1 to 10 11 to 25 26 to 50 Over 50 Cannot 

Code(a) Subsector and Industry Able to Switch(b) to Price Percent Percent Percent Percent Be Provided 

Total United States

311 Food 10.1 4.5 0.0 26.0 24.2 66.0 13.7 

3112 Grain and Oilseed Milling 1.6 D X 2.2 D D D 

311221 Wet Corn Milling D D X D X X D 

31131 Sugar Manufacturing D X X X D X D 

3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food 23.3 DDDDX D 

3115 Dairy Product 24.4 19.0 D D X X 20.8 

3116 Animal Slaughtering and Processing D X X 74.4 X D D 

312 Beverage and Tobacco Products 18.7 97.1 D D D X 58.0 

3121 Beverages 36.5 97.1 D D X X 58.0 

3122 Tobacco 0.0 X D X D X X 

313 Textile Mills 42.7 D D 17.9 D X X 314 Textile Product Mills 60.2 X D D X X X 

315 Apparel 95.3 X D D X X X 316 Leather and Allied Products 69.6 XXXXD D 

321 Wood Products 33.0 61.9 X 12.2 52.6 63.2 0.0 

321113 Sawmills 21.7 42.7 X 20.5 43.4 64.4 0.0 

3212 Veneer, Plywood, and Engineered Woods 46.3 89.1 X 0.0 92.0 69.0 X 

321219 Reconstituted Wood Products X XXXXX X 

3219 Other Wood Products D 70.1 X D 0.0 X X 

322 Paper 31.1 69.7 50.1 X 98.0 76.8 58.1 

322110 Pulp Mills X XXXXX X 

322121 Paper Mills, except Newsprint D X D X X X D 

322122 Newsprint Mills X XXXXX X 

322130 Paperboard Mills D X D X X X D 

323 Printing and Related Support 58.0 91.5 96.6 X X X 67.6 324 Petroleum and Coal Products 8.2 7.2 D D 37.6 X D 

324110 Petroleum Refineries 0.0 D D X X X D 

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block 39.4 D X 17.7 D X D 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials D D X D X X 12.3 

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Products X XXXXX X 

324199 Other Petroleum and Coal Products D X X X D X D 

325 Chemicals 12.4 36.3 10.0 19.4 40.2 30.5 16.4 

325110 Petrochemicals D X D X X X X 

325120 Industrial Gases 50.8 X 73.8 X 66.1 X X 

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemicals 37.9 D X X X D X 

325193 Ethyl Alcohol 36.2 X D D X X X 

325194 Cyclic Crudes, Intermediate and Gum and Wood Chemicals D D X D X X X 

325199 Other Basic Organic Chemicals 65.9 83.6 D 69.7 D X D 

325211 Plastics Materials and Resins 44.2 73.3 D X X 82.9 D 

325212 Synthetic Rubber D XXXXD D 

325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 0.0 X D D D X X 

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizers X XXXXX X 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizers 0.0 X X X X X 0.0 

3254 Pharmaceuticals and Medicines 29.6 D D X X X 46.3 

Levels of Price Difference that Would Cause a Switch from HGL(c)
325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation 26.9 D X X X X D 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemicals X XXXXX X 

326 Plastics and Rubber Products 35.8 96.7 97.8 59.4 98.5 X 64.3 

327 Nonmetallic Mineral Products 12.3 25.9 10.5 10.5 54.5 6.0 28.7 

327120 Clay Building Material and Refractories 32.8 D D X D D 49.3 

327211 Flat Glass 0.0 X X X X D X 

327212 Other Pressed and Blown Glass and Glassware D X D X X X X 

327213 Glass Containers D D X X X X X 327215 Glass Products from Purchased Glass 22.0 X X 10.5 D D D 

327310 Cements 20.6 X X X D X D 

327410 Lime X XXXXX X 

327420 Gypsum X XXXXX X 

327993 Mineral Wool D XDXXX D 

331 Primary Metals 9.7 14.5 D 10.7 15.1 D 12.7 

331110 Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloys 0.0 D X D 0.0 X D 

3312 Steel Products from Purchased Steel 25.4 D D X X D X 

3313 Alumina and Aluminum 17.7 D X D 26.5 X D 

331314 Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum 17.8 D X X D X D 

331315 Aluminum Sheet, Plate and Foils X XXXXX X 

331318 Other Aluminum Rolling, Drawing and Extruding 45.7 X X D D X X 

3314 Nonferrous Metals, except Aluminum 14.9 D X D 18.0 X 21.5 

331410 Nonferrous Metal (except Aluminum) Smelting and Refining 18.0 D X X 18.0 X D 

3315 Foundries 25.5 35.3 X 8.5 51.4 59.2 32.4 

331511 Iron Foundries 43.8 30.4 X X D D X 

331523 Nonferrous Metal Die‐Casting Foundries 46.6 D X X X D D 

331524 Aluminum Foundries, except Die‐Casting 12.2 X X D X X D 

332 Fabricated Metal Products 36.7 99.4 X 70.2 82.9 70.2 99.4 333 Machinery 35.4 98.9 98.4 X 98.9 97.1 55.4 334 Computer and Electronic Products 41.1 D X 98.6 X D D 

334413 Semiconductors and Related Devices 30.2 D X X X D D 

335 Electrical Equip., Appliances, and Components 69.0 74.8 X X X X 77.6 

336 Transportation Equipment 20.5 36.4 X 53.2 X 38.5 8.3 

336111 Automobiles D DXXXX D 

336112 Light Trucks and Utility Vehicles X XXXXX X 

3364 Aerospace Product and Parts 36.9 X X 57.4 X 38.5 X 

336411 Aircraft X XXXXX X 

337 Furniture and Related Products 48.3 X 59.8 X 93.9 94.1 0.0 

339 Miscellaneous 47.9 69.6 98.8 94.3 X X X 

Total 5.5 13.9 10.7 18.7 11.3 21.1 7.5 

(a) The Bureau of the Census classifies establishments using the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

(b) This count includes only those establishments that reported this activity in 2018.

(c) These levels of price difference were guesstimates at which establishments perceived that they would switch. These levels were not actual values at which switching occurred. The percent

price difference is computed as the quantity of (current fuel price minus alternative fuel price) divided by the current fuel price, expressed as a percent.

* Estimate less than 0.5.

D=Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual establishments.

Q=Withheld because Relative Standard Error is greater than 50 percent.

X=Not defined because RSE corresponds to a data table value of zero.

NA=Not available.Notes: Totals may not equal sum of components because of independent rounding. Establishment percent may not equal 100 percent because of unknown and/or unreported fuel‐switching

guesstimate.

Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Demand and Integrated Statistics, Form EIA‐846, 2018 Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey.

The Census Bureau has reviewed this data product for unauthorized disclosure of confidential information and has approved the disclosure avoidance practices applied (Approval ID: CBDRB‐FY20