Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,653 778 563 398 147 77 30

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 1,879 422 202 43 Q Q N

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 452 192 146 87 Q Q N

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 268 134 154 131 42 Q N

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 36 24 38 82 44 17 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 10 4 16 41 31 21 5

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 6 Q Q 11 15 18 10

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 Q Q Q 2468

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 Q N N Q Q Q 5

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 150 49 57 69 42 15 3

Food Sales ....................................... 226 162 QQQQQN

Food Service ..................................... 297 101 92 68 30 Q Q N

Health Care ....................................... 129 Q 41 Q 26 3 8 4

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 N N Q Q Q 4 3

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 Q 41 Q 26 Q 5 Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 78 18 18 16 8 4 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 268 90 57 14 12 3 Q

Office ................................................ 824 255 215 133 128 46 30 18

Public Assembly ............................... 277 196 33 27 12 Q Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 30 QQQQQQ

Religious Worship ............................. 370 283 42 31 10 Q Q Q

Service .............................................. 622 462 78 44 29 Q Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 423 62 67 34 7 3 Q

Other ................................................ 79 45 QQQQQ 1

Vacant .............................................. 182 179 Q Q Q N N N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 203 62 30 21 11 Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 325 97 51 37 10 5 2

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 344 90 61 46 14 5 2

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 331 87 74 48 21 14 3

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 394 118 91 85 23 15 5

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 383 148 69 54 30 14 9

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 481 128 135 83 26 18 6

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 192 49 49 25 13 4 2

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 363 137 110 66 27 16 7

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 787 173 145 102 37 15 6

South ................................................ 1,775 1,033 317 200 136 50 28 10

West ................................................. 878 469 151 108 94 33 18 6

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 501 131 101 81 28 10 3

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 683 183 151 96 36 16 8

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 360 124 79 62 25 16 6

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 747 218 141 102 40 22 6

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 362 123 90 56 19 12 6

Table B15. Employment Size Category, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,653 778 563 398 147 77 30

Table B15. Employment Size Category, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 2,005 515 333 198 69 13 3

Two ................................................... 1,031 491 174 162 134 41 25 4

Three ................................................ 339 134 77 48 40 19 18 3

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 23 12 20 24 17 19 13

Ten or More ...................................... 12 N QQQQ 2 7

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 39 20 54 67 50 53 27

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 33 18 48 50 33 24 3

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 Q Q 6 17 16 27 15

 Six or More ..................................... 13 Q N N Q Q 2 9

Any Escalators .................................. 6 Q Q N Q Q Q 3

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 867 73 40 12 Q Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 567 240 161 98 34 14 3

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 494 230 150 120 40 19 8

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 255 106 113 69 28 16 4

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 175 74 63 54 21 8 4

Open Continuously ........................... 475 294 56 36 43 18 19 10

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 2,347 701 488 303 97 53 22

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 989 376 238 156 42 30 9

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 1,217 325 250 147 55 23 13

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 141 NNNNNN

Government Owned .......................... 635 306 78 75 94 50 24 8

 Federal ........................................... 46 QQQQQQ 1

 State ............................................... 164 72 Q 26 26 12 6 Q

 Local ............................................... 425 211 52 43 64 34 16 4

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 157 NNNNNN

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 QQQQNNN

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 322 72 52 46 24 20 12

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 2,152 704 509 351 123 57 18

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 2,233 627 442 291 100 47 13

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 252 149 110 84 29 14 6

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 Q Q Q 17 9 6 4

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 Q Q N Q 6 6 2

More than 20 ..................................... 14 Q N Q Q Q 4 4

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 157 NNNNNN

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,653 778 563 398 147 77 30

Table B15. Employment Size Category, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 2,415 775 563 397 147 77 30

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 1,082 474 359 289 113 52 23

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 252 67 38 36 22 20 16

District Heat ...................................... 67 20 Q Q 16 7 9 5

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q Q 6764

Propane ............................................ 502 318 75 59 30 9 8 3

Other ................................................ 132 84 Q Q 13 Q Q 1

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 2,080 733 536 387 141 76 29

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 1,746 725 523 386 139 76 30

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 1,653 675 514 384 142 75 30

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 301 152 134 115 53 31 14

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 48 Q 19 21 Q 3 2

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 23 Q 21 31 23 22 16

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 236 89 64 42 23 16 5

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 133 60 32 24 16 10 4

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 92 Q 29 12 Q Q 1

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q Q Q 11 8 5 2

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 1,013 399 244 152 40 12 4

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 470 120 102 86 22 14 5

District Heat ...................................... 65 Q Q Q 16 7 9 5

Boilers .............................................. 579 216 88 81 94 51 34 15

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 366 186 165 137 58 33 9

Other ................................................ 205 125 Q 28 19 5 Q 3

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 508 240 146 81 19 9 2

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 257 89 57 47 22 15 5

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 142 60 30 28 15 9 3

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 104 Q 24 13 Q Q 1

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 Q Q Q 11 8 5 2

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 428 110 93 68 25 14 4

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 Q Q Q 6764

Central Chillers ................................. 111 Q Q 10 29 20 22 14

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 619 345 274 223 92 44 16

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 64 Q Q 21 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 40 QQQQQQ 1

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 626 227 158 123 37 20 6

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 667 268 183 154 48 25 10

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,653 778 563 398 147 77 30

Table B15. Employment Size Category, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 1,271 663 508 392 143 75 30

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 219 186 150 166 83 46 26

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 188 256 262 266 110 64 28

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 872 425 300 233 82 44 15

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 400 342 275 239 94 48 23

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 1,008 623 466 374 139 75 29

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 575 447 344 332 138 74 29

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 1,382 115 55 Q Q Q N

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 1,116 338 160 48 Q Q N

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 112 245 131 65 5 Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 30 67 165 83 22 Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 Q Q 42 145 33 13 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 Q Q Q 36 46 14 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 Q Q Q 13 25 34 6

250 or More ...................................... 38 Q Q Q Q 6 9 21

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 2,465 522 301 131 37 12 2

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 185 256 257 237 84 34 7

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 Q Q Q 18 12 15 5

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 Q N N Q 5 9 7

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 N N N Q Q 5 5

50 or More ........................................ 10 N N N Q Q Q 5

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 2,078 331 218 66 10 Q Q

One ................................................... 1,250 515 362 215 124 29 5 Q

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 60 81 122 182 77 24 3

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 Q Q Q 24 22 22 6

10 or More ........................................ 54 N Q N Q 9 23 20

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 300 152 134 115 53 31 14

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 199 94 90 99 45 28 11

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 73 73 105 143 84 51 25

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 102 79 84 103 41 36 21

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 127 102 65 98 56 38 22

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 1,086 516 408 335 134 74 29

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 57 18 34 57 41 29 16

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 2,653 778 563 398 147 77 30

Table B15. Employment Size Category, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 1,056 398 329 255 96 46 21

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 582 227 207 174 66 44 22

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 150 44 25 45 23 12 8

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 585 251 207 119 42 23 7

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 118 54 59 48 25 17 9

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 31 Q Q 10 7 6 3

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 358 178 121 146 67 38 19

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 1,275 452 355 279 122 65 29

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 Q Q Q 14 8 5 6

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 1,522 533 383 259 109 50 22

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 1,357 547 396 278 109 50 24

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 1,935 695 510 344 126 57 19

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 721 333 239 138 46 21 4

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See 

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 15,492 6,166 7,803 10,989 7,934 6,871 9,528

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 4,659 1,264 689 155 Q Q N

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 3,323 1,373 1,109 689 Q Q N

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 4,006 2,075 2,456 2,113 692 Q N

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 1,222 836 1,327 2,920 1,648 667 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 704 291 1,157 2,865 2,151 1,518 371

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 804 Q Q 1,558 2,014 2,455 1,452

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 Q Q Q 533 1,077 1,706 2,571

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 Q N N Q Q Q 5,087

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 612 378 740 2,565 2,928 1,995 655

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 484 QQQQQN

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 336 413 421 367 Q Q N

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 Q 254 Q 335 111 683 1,539

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 N N Q Q Q 379 1,464

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 Q 254 Q 312 Q 304 Q

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 802 437 1,023 1,049 703 562 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 1,235 828 755 440 572 333 Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 767 964 848 1,755 1,291 1,663 4,920

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 1,381 443 588 836 Q Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 145 QQQQQQ

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 2,117 582 646 246 Q Q Q

Service .............................................. 4,050 1,612 513 747 597 Q Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 3,433 807 1,545 1,843 1,025 585 Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 159 Q Q Q Q Q 293

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 2,359 Q Q Q N N N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 1,262 524 481 713 400 Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 2,211 608 1,053 909 668 518 903

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 1,897 634 896 1,536 712 604 767

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 1,967 642 825 1,408 1,201 1,145 913

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 2,456 1,016 1,331 1,886 1,092 1,230 1,760

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 1,625 1,035 889 1,274 1,432 1,403 2,674

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 2,644 1,206 1,565 2,289 1,557 1,338 1,760

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 1,431 500 763 973 871 471 524

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 2,376 1,085 1,872 2,314 1,598 1,331 2,329

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 4,958 1,463 2,081 2,856 2,311 1,609 1,800

South ................................................ 23,489 5,670 2,595 2,741 3,883 2,654 2,534 3,413

West ................................................. 11,310 2,489 1,023 1,109 1,935 1,370 1,397 1,986

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 2,699 1,035 1,374 2,014 1,673 996 832

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 4,857 1,529 2,155 2,709 2,166 1,561 2,357

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 1,755 1,013 1,359 2,132 1,316 1,434 2,495

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 4,076 1,646 1,599 2,498 1,812 2,109 1,999

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 2,106 944 1,317 1,635 966 771 1,845

Table B16. Employment Size Category, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 15,492 6,166 7,803 10,989 7,934 6,871 9,528

Table B16. Employment Size Category, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 9,898 3,480 3,538 4,535 2,649 1,250 630

Two ................................................... 16,270 3,706 1,627 2,277 3,664 2,254 1,774 968

Three ................................................ 7,501 1,282 637 942 1,325 1,321 1,341 653

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 605 404 1,040 1,249 1,470 2,134 3,182

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 N Q Q Q Q 372 4,095

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 24,617 1,200 621 1,836 3,055 4,168 5,060 8,677

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 8,221 649 499 1,114 1,660 2,072 1,782 445

 Two to Five ..................................... 10,129 Q Q Q 1,285 1,983 2,798 2,709

 Six or More ..................................... 6,268 Q N N Q Q 480 5,523

Any Escalators .................................. 2,350 Q Q N Q Q Q 1,973

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,562 484 284 243 Q Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 2,700 1,610 1,668 2,458 1,358 1,050 777

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 3,057 1,831 2,177 2,633 2,314 1,478 2,233

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 1,475 1,043 1,516 2,179 1,439 1,315 1,366

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 823 508 974 1,599 1,288 1,045 855

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 1,874 690 1,184 1,876 1,346 1,918 4,260

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 49,421 13,316 5,386 6,790 7,940 4,556 4,139 7,293

 Owner Occupied ............................. 23,591 5,546 2,802 3,668 3,499 2,138 2,262 3,677

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 23,914 5,854 2,585 3,123 4,441 2,417 1,877 3,617

 Unoccupied ..................................... 1,916 1,916 NNNNNN

Government Owned .......................... 15,363 2,176 780 1,013 3,049 3,378 2,732 2,235

 Federal ........................................... 1,956 Q Q Q Q Q Q 761

 State ............................................... 3,808 456 Q 277 916 803 681 493

 Local ............................................... 9,599 1,128 495 678 2,022 2,340 1,956 981

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 2,161 NNNNNN

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 QQQQNNN

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 1,926 663 910 1,415 1,726 1,572 4,171

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 11,207 5,413 6,841 9,509 6,208 5,299 5,357

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 45,144 11,824 4,924 6,115 7,967 5,487 4,368 4,458

2 to 5 ................................................ 10,960 1,399 1,183 1,584 2,369 1,487 1,451 1,486

6 to 10 .............................................. 1,958 Q Q Q 476 375 340 565

11 to 20 ............................................. 1,951 Q Q N Q 511 420 853

More than 20 ..................................... 2,609 Q N Q Q Q 293 2,165

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 2,161 2,161 NNNNNN

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 15,492 6,166 7,803 10,989 7,934 6,871 9,528

Table B16. Employment Size Category, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 14,061 6,147 7,803 10,962 7,934 6,871 9,528

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 7,023 4,084 5,317 8,212 6,156 5,127 7,549

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 1,459 625 1,024 1,602 2,131 2,149 6,168

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 853 Q Q 667 474 1,050 2,191

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 Q Q Q 327 505 583 1,219

Propane ............................................ 7,076 2,092 564 907 907 956 661 989

Other ................................................ 1,401 307 Q Q 319 Q Q 205

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 12,182 5,822 7,410 10,822 7,650 6,766 9,376

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 9,591 5,726 7,304 10,566 7,428 6,806 9,519

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 9,525 5,393 7,182 10,480 7,688 6,815 9,395

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 1,886 1,172 2,010 3,829 3,699 3,515 6,126

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 288 Q 367 762 Q 382 628

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 248 Q 439 1,347 2,103 2,357 6,113

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 1,196 647 932 1,460 1,398 1,513 1,668

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 636 443 520 749 938 869 1,286

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 530 Q 364 443 Q Q 587

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 Q Q Q 504 643 581 545

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 5,347 3,043 3,057 3,814 1,899 1,290 1,165

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 2,782 938 1,542 2,364 1,628 1,300 1,991

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 Q Q Q 653 460 972 2,063

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 1,986 1,140 1,884 3,588 3,556 3,401 4,869

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 2,269 1,571 2,209 3,526 2,835 2,736 2,874

Other ................................................ 3,262 544 Q 394 799 372 Q 808

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 2,630 1,461 2,035 2,129 1,097 776 906

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 1,303 696 862 1,485 1,339 1,427 1,929

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 703 492 489 764 887 828 1,264

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 570 Q 325 455 Q Q 600

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 Q Q Q 518 613 531 861

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 2,342 1,144 1,608 2,680 1,710 1,328 1,746

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 Q Q Q 327 505 583 1,219

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 Q Q 294 1,243 1,736 2,436 5,590

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 3,964 3,025 4,059 5,941 4,517 3,939 4,524

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 349 Q Q 410 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 Q Q Q Q Q Q 250

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 3,368 1,920 2,360 3,283 2,172 1,836 1,463

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 3,688 2,054 2,753 4,139 2,518 2,487 3,357

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 15,492 6,166 7,803 10,989 7,934 6,871 9,528

Table B16. Employment Size Category, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 55,627 7,716 5,515 7,456 10,870 7,828 6,714 9,528

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 26,417 1,269 1,537 2,418 4,134 4,283 4,356 8,420

Dedicated Servers ............................ 36,338 1,248 2,266 4,233 7,252 6,453 5,853 9,033

Laser Printers ................................... 33,012 5,130 3,660 4,409 6,785 4,689 3,717 4,623

Inkjet Printers .................................... 32,210 2,375 2,610 4,002 6,375 4,824 4,484 7,540

FAX Machines .................................. 52,373 5,814 5,103 6,958 10,372 7,798 6,825 9,503

Photocopiers ..................................... 46,257 3,884 3,761 5,560 9,770 7,382 6,620 9,279

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 9,156 7,777 651 347 Q Q Q N

1 to 4 ................................................ 12,395 6,537 2,654 1,910 991 Q Q N

5 to 9 ................................................ 7,179 690 2,164 2,062 1,583 514 Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 6,610 242 445 2,336 2,436 888 Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 7,414 Q Q 607 3,697 1,832 755 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 5,376 Q Q Q 1,352 1,869 1,261 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,690 Q Q Q 682 1,846 2,856 1,164

250 or More ...................................... 9,963 Q Q Q Q 751 1,367 7,626

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 28,445 14,244 3,900 3,570 3,737 1,481 1,018 495

1 to 4 ................................................ 24,116 1,238 2,263 4,108 6,522 4,846 3,438 1,700

5 to 9 ................................................ 3,864 Q Q Q 472 874 1,010 1,376

10 to 19 ............................................. 3,027 Q N N Q 306 879 1,678

20 to 49 ............................................. 2,583 N N N Q Q 420 1,749

50 or More ........................................ 2,748 N N N Q Q Q 2,530

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 18,526 11,608 2,405 2,243 1,218 552 Q Q

One ................................................... 15,475 3,378 2,948 3,434 3,699 1,369 503 Q

2 to 4 ................................................ 15,082 488 786 1,736 5,046 4,260 2,055 710

5 to 9 ................................................ 5,515 Q Q Q 913 1,258 1,987 932

10 or More ........................................ 10,185 N Q N Q 496 2,075 7,492

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 1,872 1,172 2,010 3,829 3,699 3,515 6,126

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 1,842 1,062 2,031 3,540 2,931 3,190 4,886

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 532 645 2,213 4,533 5,114 5,119 8,716

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 1,043 626 1,349 2,953 3,058 3,547 7,021

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 969 962 996 3,277 3,680 4,151 7,073

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 7,480 4,189 6,214 9,677 7,478 6,693 9,431

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 507 302 517 2,250 3,050 3,262 5,742

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Fewer

than 5

Workers

5 to 9

Workers

10 to 19

Workers

20 to 49

Workers

50 to 99

Workers

100 to 249

Workers

250 or

More

Workers

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 15,492 6,166 7,803 10,989 7,934 6,871 9,528

Table B16. Employment Size Category, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 6,336 3,351 4,917 7,333 5,550 4,574 6,850

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 4,604 2,150 2,788 4,692 3,975 4,226 7,452

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 986 229 449 1,213 1,473 1,093 3,100

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 3,002 1,845 2,924 2,769 2,282 2,055 2,365

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 834 665 1,580 1,868 2,023 1,990 3,587

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 211 Q Q 375 432 428 1,183

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 2,554 1,623 2,483 4,410 4,039 3,980 7,028

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 7,653 3,942 5,454 7,894 6,744 5,977 9,218

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 For Lighting ...................................... 4,781 Q Q Q 603 700 735 2,538

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 8,305 4,310 5,290 7,271 5,757 4,648 7,139

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 7,318 4,490 5,546 7,520 5,893 4,765 7,672

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 10,224 5,264 6,412 8,751 6,393 4,854 5,089

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 4,417 2,678 3,104 3,847 2,324 1,923 1,104

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See 

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,272 980 1,205 87 280 Q 77 183

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 783 384 375 Q 106 Q Q 87

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 625 320 293 Q 113 Q 40 64

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 185 91 86 Q 56 Q 16 36

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 82 35 40 Q 47 Q 9 37

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 43 21 20 Q 22 Q 8 12

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 16 7 8 Q 9 2 1 5

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 5 2 3 N 2 1 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 141 83 58 N 245 Q 59 175

Food Sales ....................................... 226 224 94 130 N Q N Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 283 72 211 N Q N Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 122 68 54 N 7 Q Q Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 7 4 3 N 1 Q Q Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 115 64 51 N Q Q Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 134 48 86 N 9 Q Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 441 189 252 N Q Q N N

Office ................................................ 824 742 402 339 N 82 7 28 47

Public Assembly ............................... 277 182 114 68 N 94 Q 23 67

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 Q Q Q N 47 Q Q 42

Religious Worship ............................. 370 370 247 124 N N N N N

Service .............................................. 622 542 285 257 N 80 12 Q 42

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 571 175 396 N 26 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 79 70 38 32 N Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 166 Q Q 141 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 304 168 125 Q 25 Q Q 19

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 461 222 206 Q 67 8 15 44

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 463 213 227 Q 99 Q 22 74

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 482 242 224 Q 97 Q 28 56

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 638 286 334 Q 92 Q 25 60

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 624 273 326 Q 83 Q 24 55

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 759 327 423 Q 117 Q 30 84

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 280 110 163 Q 55 Q Q 33

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 642 365 261 Q 84 Q 25 51

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 1,118 557 518 43 149 11 24 114

South ................................................ 1,775 1,563 598 888 77 212 6 50 156

West ................................................. 878 689 321 362 Q 190 Q 66 103

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 762 374 361 Q 93 Q 27 56

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 973 546 399 27 200 27 36 137

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 608 276 318 Q 65 1 Q 42

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1,103 440 621 42 173 Q 64 105

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 565 204 330 Q 104 Q Q 85

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 2,675 1,119 1,454 102 461 35 114 312

Two ................................................... 1,031 921 478 414 29 110 Q 28 79

Three ................................................ 339 303 175 120 Q 37 Q 9 22

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 102 65 36 Q 26 2 13 11

Ten or More ...................................... 12 10 4 6 N 2 0 Q Q

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 231 121 102 Q 78 6 27 45

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 154 87 60 Q 54 Q 15 35

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 67 28 37 Q 21 1 11 9

 Six or More ..................................... 13 10 6 4 Q 3 1 1 1

Any Escalators .................................. 6 5 3 2 Q 1 Q Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,347 989 1,217 141 306 Q 72 211

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 701 376 325 N 78 Q Q 52

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 488 238 250 N 75 Q 26 43

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 303 156 147 N 94 Q 26 64

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 97 42 55 N 50 Q 12 34

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 53 30 23 N 24 Q 6 16

250 or More ...................................... 30 22 9 13 N 8 1 Q 4

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 854 356 357 141 148 Q Q 107

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 897 494 403 N 220 Q 58 150

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 932 469 463 N 129 6 35 88

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 532 213 319 N 59 Q 14 34

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 374 158 216 N 25 Q 11 9

Open Continuously ........................... 475 422 151 271 N 53 4 12 37

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 141 N N 141 Q Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 25 Q Q N Q N N Q

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 477 176 301 N 71 Q 12 50

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 3,368 1,654 1,714 N 547 37 151 360

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 3,754 3,200 1,460 1,740 N 553 41 147 366

2 to 5 ................................................ 643 584 342 242 N 59 Q 13 41

6 to 10 .............................................. 55 50 23 27 N 5 Q Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 23 22 10 12 N Q Q Q Q

More than 20 ..................................... 14 13 5 8 N Q Q Q Q

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 157 141 N N 141 Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 3,169 2,949 1,395 1,448 106 219 12 38 170

College or University ......................... 83 32 21 11 N 51 N 43 Q

Primary or Secondary School ........... 254 34 Q 20 N 221 Q 41 164

Office Complex ................................. 111 105 40 62 Q Q Q Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 151 150 55 88 Q Q N Q N

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 195 195 136 57 Q N N N N

Health Care Complex ........................ 39 30 14 16 N Q Q Q Q

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 61 59 15 40 Q Q Q N Q

Government Complex ....................... 87 Q N Q N 84 15 Q 50

Other ................................................ 496 456 152 284 Q 40 Q Q 27

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 2,044 1,738 822 851 64 306 21 84 202

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 786 682 326 322 35 104 5 12 87

Concrete Panels ............................... 131 113 35 73 Q 18 Q 8 10

Siding or Shingles ............................. 779 669 323 329 Q 110 Q Q 66

Metal Panels ..................................... 825 731 299 413 Q 93 Q Q 57

Window Glass ................................... 17 16 2 14 Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 47 45 27 18 Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 18 Q Q Q Q Q N Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 1,036 848 344 460 44 188 8 51 129

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 1,325 1,159 592 536 Q 166 Q 46 113

Metal Surfacing ................................. 1,288 1,140 499 603 Q 148 Q 34 96

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 511 431 208 208 Q 80 7 15 58

Slate or Tile ...................................... 263 232 105 119 Q 31 Q Q Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 122 114 44 66 Q Q Q Q Q

Concrete ........................................... 61 53 30 23 N Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 16 12 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 25 23 Q Q N Q Q N Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 1,018 871 484 368 Q 147 7 28 112

 Addition or Annex ........................... 256 212 132 80 Q 44 Q 7 37

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 22 18 12 Q N Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 741 648 367 268 Q 93 3 18 73

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 370 305 176 124 Q 65 Q 10 51

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 411 350 204 140 Q 60 3 11 46

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 442 360 222 135 Q 82 4 12 66

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 455 369 213 150 Q 85 4 16 66

 Window Replacement .................... 310 261 169 84 Q 50 Q 6 42

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 315 257 156 93 Q 58 3 11 44

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 227 197 117 74 Q 31 Q Q 25

 Other Renovation ........................... 19 18 13 Q N Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 1,710 1,477 647 748 82 233 27 66 140

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 1,917 1,663 710 913 40 254 12 71 172

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,783 1,817 1,885 81 620 46 163 411

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,078 1,044 997 36 313 23 72 218

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 371 209 161 Q 80 4 24 52

District Heat ...................................... 67 25 16 8 Q 42 4 27 11

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 13 9 4 Q 19 0 12 7

Propane ............................................ 502 425 225 194 Q 77 Q Q 53

Other ................................................ 132 122 75 46 Q 10 Q Q Q

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,766 1,519 714 781 24 246 14 55 177

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,165 1,879 975 872 31 287 21 65 201

Fuel Oil ............................................. 360 309 183 126 N 51 Q 15 32

District Heat ...................................... 65 23 16 7 Q 42 4 27 11

Propane ............................................ 372 317 167 146 Q 55 Q Q 38

Other ................................................ 113 107 67 40 Q Q Q Q Q

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 1,258 1,093 490 581 Q 165 Q 40 117

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,999 1,727 888 808 31 272 21 59 192

Fuel Oil ............................................. 282 239 143 96 N 43 Q Q 26

District Heat ...................................... 63 22 16 7 Q 41 4 26 11

Propane ............................................ 308 260 122 134 Q 47 Q Q 33

Other ................................................ 72 71 42 Q N Q N N Q

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 3,589 3,097 1,546 1,511 39 493 35 125 333

Natural Gas ...................................... 17 12 7 4 N Q Q Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 13 9 4 Q 19 0 12 7

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,910 1,657 847 796 Q 253 20 61 172

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,445 1,248 618 611 Q 197 12 41 144

Fuel Oil ............................................. 94 72 46 25 N 23 Q Q 13

District Heat ...................................... 27 11 8 Q N 17 1 15 Q

Propane ............................................ 128 107 49 58 N 21 Q Q 17

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 410 329 151 178 Q 81 Q 9 69

Natural Gas ...................................... 457 389 170 217 Q 68 1 9 57

Propane ............................................ 108 91 52 38 Q 16 Q Q 13

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,413 1,700 1,655 58 569 40 151 378

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,112 1,556 1,516 39 513 35 139 340

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 2,994 1,507 1,453 34 479 33 119 327

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 670 319 348 Q 131 Q 18 109

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 118 70 47 N Q Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 97 53 44 Q 52 Q 13 38

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 598 140 374 83 66 Q Q 46

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 478 221 245 Q 45 Q Q 31

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 421 194 218 Q 77 5 13 59

100 ................................................... 2,962 2,515 1,285 1,192 37 447 32 126 289

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 899 284 513 102 121 Q 26 85

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 865 456 394 Q 120 Q 38 72

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 534 274 257 Q 95 6 17 72

100 ................................................... 2,011 1,713 826 866 Q 299 20 84 195

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 47 45 Q Q N Q N Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 929 831 453 378 N 98 Q 26 64

51 to 99 ............................................. 1,108 939 477 463 N 168 17 36 115

100 ................................................... 2,176 1,839 863 977 N 337 21 98 218

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 386 356 38 177 141 30 Q Q Q

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 1,964 1,660 805 796 58 304 Q 83 200

1 to 50 .............................................. 1,882 1,633 806 807 20 249 20 67 162

51 to 100 ........................................... 136 122 55 63 Q 15 Q Q Q

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 664 596 174 362 60 67 4 12 51

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 401 226 170 Q 74 2 22 50

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 239 132 101 Q 39 Q Q 26

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 152 91 61 N 14 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 32 14 18 N 25 Q Q 23

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 1,664 863 772 Q 200 Q 48 144

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 700 329 358 Q 119 12 19 88

District Heat ...................................... 65 23 16 7 Q 42 4 26 11

Boilers .............................................. 579 448 254 191 Q 131 14 31 87

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 813 375 426 Q 140 6 27 107

Other ................................................ 205 182 85 93 Q 23 Q Q 15

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 915 463 444 Q 92 2 19 71

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 413 228 177 Q 79 Q 22 52

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 247 133 106 Q 41 Q Q 25

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 157 93 64 N 17 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 33 14 19 N 25 Q Q 23

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 607 299 298 Q 135 Q 38 87

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 13 9 4 Q 19 0 12 7

Central Chillers ................................. 111 51 27 23 Q 60 4 21 35

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 1,403 689 702 Q 210 14 42 154

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 98 51 47 Q 24 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 40 33 17 16 N Q Q Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 1,047 537 487 Q 150 7 42 101

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 1,187 617 557 Q 170 15 44 111

Water Heating Equipment

Centralized System ........................... 2,513 2,182 1,110 1,043 Q 331 27 80 224

Distributed System ............................ 785 681 325 352 Q 104 Q 28 72

Combination of Centralized

 and Distributed System .................... 175 131 72 59 Q 43 2 11 31

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 2,184 1,913 973 928 Q 271 20 64 187

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 3,943 3,369 1,680 1,673 16 575 43 156 376

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 941 785 399 385 Q 156 11 49 97

High Intensity Discharge ................... 455 348 177 166 Q 107 9 31 67

Halogen ............................................ 565 503 251 247 Q 62 6 15 41

Other ................................................ 8 Q Q Q N Q N Q Q

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may apply)

a

Any Refrigeration............................... 3,176 2,763 1,403 1,342 Q 413 23 110 280

 Commercial Refrigeration ............... 1,007 872 383 486 Q 135 Q 19 111

 Walk-In Units ................................ 666 576 230 345 Q 90 2 12 75

 Cases or Cabinets ........................ 825 729 317 410 Q 95 Q 15 77

 Residential-Type Units .................... 2,370 2,049 1,108 927 Q 321 19 85 216

 Vending Machines .......................... 996 779 392 385 Q 217 15 62 140

No Refrigeration ................................ 1,469 1,248 437 687 123 221 Q 55 144

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 2,576 1,350 1,218 Q 505 28 144 333

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 717 381 336 N 159 12 52 95

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 967 516 450 Q 208 16 46 146

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 1,642 892 745 Q 328 13 84 232

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 1,190 605 582 Q 230 19 67 144

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 2,373 1,210 1,154 Q 341 20 98 224

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 1,638 949 682 Q 301 20 88 193

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 1,435 491 811 133 130 Q Q 92

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 1,491 748 735 Q 179 Q 54 120

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 491 268 223 N 68 Q 19 38

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 297 176 121 Q 73 Q Q 47

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 181 104 76 N 74 Q 23 49

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 60 30 31 N 50 Q 13 36

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 35 15 20 N 44 Q 10 33

250 or More ...................................... 38 21 9 11 N 17 1 6 10

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 3,044 1,325 1,579 141 426 29 118 279

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 878 468 409 Q 182 13 36 133

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 45 26 18 N 13 Q Q 9

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 23 11 12 N 7 1 4 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 12 4 8 N 5 Q Q Q

50 or More ........................................ 10 9 6 3 N 1 Q Q Q

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 2,373 891 1,347 134 334 25 77 232

One ................................................... 1,250 1,109 641 460 Q 142 Q 51 79

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 432 253 179 N 117 Q 26 85

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 57 35 22 N 28 Q 8 19

10 or More ........................................ 54 40 20 21 N 14 1 3 10

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 668 319 348 Q 131 Q 18 109

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 452 211 239 Q 115 Q 31 80

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 353 186 167 Q 200 8 47 146

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 351 185 164 Q 115 3 35 77

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 366 187 175 Q 143 6 46 91

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 2,119 1,084 1,018 16 462 32 129 302

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 124 64 57 Q 128 4 31 94

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,011 1,841 2,029 141 635 46 164 425

Table B17. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

All

Buildings*

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 1,874 993 845 35 327 20 83 224

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 1,120 556 543 20 204 13 56 135

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 277 132 140 Q 31 Q 8 19

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 1,101 540 537 Q 132 10 26 96

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 276 143 128 Q 54 4 15 35

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 62 33 27 Q 12 Q Q 8

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 752 389 358 Q 175 15 45 115

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 2,149 1,052 1,090 Q 428 25 111 292

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 39 18 21 N 21 Q Q 17

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 2,463 1,280 1,143 40 415 24 104 287

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 2,361 1,225 1,109 Q 401 28 104 269

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 3,153 1,590 1,563 N 533 40 146 346

Office Equipment .............................. 1504 1230 687 539 Q 273 10 76 187

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to the 

Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 6,043 2,682 3,162 199 746 Q 206 498

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,827 2,858 2,791 Q 758 Q Q 620

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 9,738 5,028 4,530 Q 1,797 Q 604 1,044

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 6,659 3,197 3,141 Q 2,009 Q 531 1,327

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 5,779 2,464 2,951 Q 3,278 Q 620 2,557

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 5,958 2,919 2,714 Q 3,106 Q 1,142 1,644

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 4,803 2,048 2,408 Q 2,373 545 408 1,420

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 4,613 2,396 2,217 N 1,295 606 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 2,070 1,232 839 N 7,804 Q 1,671 6,067

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,243 541 702 N Q N Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,547 489 1,058 N Q N Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 2,662 1,611 1,051 N 501 121 Q 168

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,557 911 646 N 348 Q Q Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,105 700 405 N Q Q Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,734 1,624 3,110 N 363 Q Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,312 2,020 2,292 N Q Q N N

Office ................................................ 12,208 10,515 5,571 4,944 N 1,693 482 531 680

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 2,189 1,204 984 N 1,751 Q 726 977

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 Q Q Q N 967 Q Q 853

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,754 2,804 950 N N N N N

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,018 1,680 1,338 N 1,032 533 Q 293

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 9,371 3,736 5,635 N Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,574 774 800 N 164 Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 2,310 Q Q 1,916 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,119 1,716 1,357 Q 650 Q Q 440

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 4,879 2,883 1,597 Q 1,992 Q 282 1,020

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 4,994 2,514 2,252 Q 2,050 Q 377 1,551

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 5,660 2,917 2,452 Q 2,441 333 819 1,289

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 8,167 3,410 4,315 Q 2,605 Q 738 1,572

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 8,564 4,095 4,336 Q 1,768 Q 566 1,094

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 9,529 4,039 5,289 Q 2,830 Q 713 1,758

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,508 2,016 2,315 Q 1,025 Q Q 874

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 10,389 5,904 4,204 Q 2,517 Q 599 1,706

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 12,470 6,171 5,539 760 4,610 Q 764 2,925

South ................................................ 23,489 17,826 7,869 9,358 600 5,662 521 1,718 3,423

West ................................................. 11,310 8,736 3,648 4,813 Q 2,574 Q 727 1,545

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 8,063 3,894 3,972 Q 2,558 167 696 1,695

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 12,350 6,510 5,030 810 4,985 1,135 709 3,141

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 9,204 4,791 4,244 Q 2,300 Q 692 1,182

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 12,409 5,496 6,439 473 3,330 144 1,247 1,939

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,396 2,899 4,228 Q 2,189 Q Q 1,642

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 20,203 8,613 10,719 870 5,779 902 917 3,959

Two ................................................... 16,270 12,450 5,914 5,901 636 3,819 Q 842 2,834

Three ................................................ 7,501 5,694 3,061 2,402 Q 1,807 Q 349 1,332

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 6,678 3,822 2,677 Q 3,406 650 1,531 1,226

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 4,396 2,181 2,215 N 551 136 Q Q

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 24,617 17,048 8,806 7,777 Q 7,569 1,012 2,382 4,174

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 8,221 4,926 2,507 2,181 Q 3,295 Q 774 2,292

 Two to Five ..................................... 10,129 7,177 3,670 3,307 Q 2,952 186 1,346 1,420

 Six or More ..................................... 6,268 4,945 2,629 2,289 Q 1,323 598 263 462

Any Escalators .................................. 2,350 1,839 1,001 832 Q 511 Q Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 13,316 5,546 5,854 1,916 2,176 Q 456 1,128

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,386 2,802 2,585 N 780 Q Q 495

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 6,790 3,668 3,123 N 1,013 Q 277 678

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 7,940 3,499 4,441 N 3,049 Q 916 2,022

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 4,556 2,138 2,417 N 3,378 Q 803 2,340

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 4,139 2,262 1,877 N 2,732 Q 681 1,956

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 7,293 3,677 3,617 N 2,235 761 493 981

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,716 2,009 1,791 1,916 1,147 Q Q 903

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 7,898 4,166 3,732 N 3,724 Q 667 2,980

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 11,414 5,978 5,435 N 4,310 Q 763 2,613

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 7,997 3,722 4,275 N 2,337 208 760 1,369

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 5,305 2,582 2,724 N 1,786 Q 883 830

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 11,090 5,134 5,956 N 2,059 601 555 903

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 1,916 N N 1,916 Q Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 394 Q Q N Q N N Q

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 10,331 4,935 5,395 N 2,051 352 297 1,403

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 36,780 18,429 18,350 N 13,054 1,560 3,478 8,016

Number of Establishments

One ................................................... 45,144 32,808 15,690 17,118 N 12,336 1,683 2,633 8,020

2 to 5 ................................................ 10,960 8,830 4,948 3,882 N 2,130 Q 866 1,177

6 to 10 .............................................. 1,958 1,539 519 1,020 N 419 Q Q Q

11 to 20 ............................................. 1,951 1,791 1,149 642 N Q Q Q Q

More than 20 ..................................... 2,609 2,536 1,285 1,251 N Q Q Q Q

Currently Unoccupied ....................... 2,161 1,916 N N 1,916 Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 40,048 33,774 15,943 16,453 1,378 6,275 716 780 4,779

College or University ......................... 3,480 1,224 905 318 N 2,256 N 2,169 Q

Primary or Secondary School ........... 3,947 373 Q 243 N 3,574 Q 259 3,132

Office Complex ................................. 2,712 2,606 1,034 1,350 Q Q Q Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 1,238 1,229 548 665 Q Q N Q N

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 2,347 2,347 1,690 624 Q N N N N

Health Care Complex ........................ 2,303 1,820 1,096 725 N 483 Q 227 153

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 912 871 156 708 Q Q Q N Q

Government Complex ....................... 2,014 Q N Q N 1,977 Q Q 928

Other ................................................ 5,783 5,140 2,088 2,792 Q 642 Q Q 446

Predominant Exterior

Wall Material

Brick, Stone or Stucco ...................... 32,817 22,216 11,555 9,903 758 10,601 1,364 2,631 6,605

Concrete (Block or Poured) ............... 10,832 8,760 3,947 4,341 472 2,073 215 396 1,461

Concrete Panels ............................... 6,559 5,559 2,048 3,105 Q 1,000 Q 414 369

Siding or Shingles ............................. 4,120 3,587 1,772 1,738 Q 532 Q Q 396

Metal Panels ..................................... 7,912 7,291 3,318 3,874 Q 621 Q Q 384

Window Glass ................................... 1,024 858 363 400 Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,113 909 499 404 Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 406 Q Q Q Q Q N Q Q

Predominant Roof Material

Built-Up ............................................. 21,170 14,966 6,276 7,639 1,051 6,205 522 1,610 4,073

Shingles (Not Wood) ......................... 10,195 8,595 4,557 3,787 Q 1,599 Q 329 1,141

Metal Surfacing ................................. 11,944 10,315 4,947 5,148 Q 1,629 Q 265 1,269

Synthetic or Rubber .......................... 14,730 10,271 4,967 4,958 Q 4,458 592 1,254 2,612

Slate or Tile ...................................... 2,462 1,994 1,029 928 Q 468 Q Q Q

Wooden Materials ............................. 887 720 294 421 Q Q Q Q Q

Concrete ........................................... 2,231 1,578 825 753 N Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 598 514 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q

No One Major Type ........................... 565 467 Q Q N Q Q N Q

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 17,844 12,881 6,930 5,531 Q 4,963 464 1,071 3,428

 Addition or Annex ........................... 6,551 4,589 2,573 1,905 Q 1,962 Q 411 1,430

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 1,012 829 423 Q N Q Q Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 13,119 9,663 5,136 4,325 Q 3,456 180 787 2,489

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 8,070 5,614 2,953 2,629 Q 2,457 294 458 1,705

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 8,518 6,238 3,436 2,745 Q 2,280 Q 584 1,472

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 10,768 7,265 4,236 3,027 Q 3,503 305 724 2,474

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 10,275 6,981 3,872 3,077 Q 3,294 268 750 2,275

 Window Replacement .................... 6,354 4,526 2,644 1,753 Q 1,828 Q 318 1,419

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 7,144 4,943 2,766 2,142 Q 2,201 Q 503 1,499

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 4,015 2,776 1,867 876 Q 1,238 Q Q 865

 Other Renovation ........................... 523 427 253 Q N Q Q Q Q

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 18,714 13,938 6,511 6,442 985 4,776 1,008 1,324 2,444

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 28,225 22,601 10,150 11,940 511 5,624 484 1,413 3,726

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 48,012 23,454 23,258 1,299 15,295 1,951 3,786 9,558

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 33,317 16,548 15,886 883 10,150 1,083 2,438 6,630

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 11,374 6,092 5,215 Q 3,783 381 962 2,441

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 2,148 1,421 698 Q 3,295 Q 1,694 653

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 1,069 711 323 Q 1,785 247 1,051 487

Propane ............................................ 7,076 5,280 2,481 2,639 Q 1,796 Q Q 1,030

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,033 611 396 Q 368 Q Q Q

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 28,600 23,040 10,959 11,681 400 5,560 588 716 4,257

Natural Gas ...................................... 36,959 28,612 14,264 13,526 821 8,347 782 1,814 5,751

Fuel Oil ............................................. 5,988 4,378 2,595 1,784 N 1,609 Q 328 1,167

District Heat ...................................... 5,198 1,984 1,363 591 Q 3,214 Q 1,631 639

Propane ............................................ 3,204 2,554 1,556 951 Q 649 Q Q 440

Other ................................................ 842 718 451 241 Q Q Q Q Q

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 15,996 13,204 5,410 7,618 Q 2,793 Q 276 2,444

Natural Gas ...................................... 32,970 25,322 12,902 11,605 815 7,647 777 1,521 5,350

Fuel Oil ............................................. 3,818 2,805 1,764 1,041 N 1,013 Q Q 685

District Heat ...................................... 4,907 1,860 1,314 517 Q 3,047 Q 1,589 519

Propane ............................................ 1,955 1,538 747 743 Q 417 Q Q 301

Other ................................................ 382 335 228 Q N Q N N Q

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 54,321 42,323 20,954 20,829 540 11,998 1,163 2,553 8,282

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,018 678 444 234 N Q Q Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 1,069 711 323 Q 1,785 247 1,051 487

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 27,490 22,196 11,450 10,431 Q 5,294 465 1,015 3,814

Natural Gas ...................................... 28,820 21,116 10,036 10,611 Q 7,705 786 1,742 5,177

Fuel Oil ............................................. 1,880 1,201 880 321 N 679 Q Q 445

District Heat ...................................... 3,088 1,495 994 501 N 1,592 Q 1,074 Q

Propane ............................................ 1,422 965 453 511 N 458 Q Q 360

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 13,161 8,072 4,183 3,884 Q 5,089 Q 622 4,166

Natural Gas ...................................... 15,438 10,740 5,319 5,381 Q 4,698 502 652 3,544

Propane ............................................ 1,460 926 472 453 Q 534 Q Q 431

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 45,064 22,364 21,630 1,069 14,964 1,908 3,710 9,346

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 43,341 21,640 21,160 540 13,599 1,357 3,542 8,701

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 42,588 21,511 20,404 673 13,890 1,407 3,626 8,857

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 14,480 7,694 6,740 Q 7,757 674 976 6,107

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,010 1,591 1,419 N Q Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 8,748 4,441 4,219 Q 4,073 459 1,172 2,442

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 4,357 1,227 2,283 847 399 Q Q 253

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 6,466 3,006 3,240 Q 384 Q Q 273

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 6,023 3,132 2,838 Q 2,083 288 344 1,452

100 ................................................... 45,071 32,575 16,226 15,553 795 12,497 1,603 3,273 7,621

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 7,843 6,080 1,951 2,753 1,376 1,763 Q 266 898

1 to 50 .............................................. 16,598 13,595 6,911 6,386 Q 3,003 Q 645 2,124

51 to 99 ............................................. 13,211 9,742 4,982 4,734 Q 3,468 484 738 2,247

100 ................................................... 27,132 20,004 9,748 10,040 Q 7,128 639 2,159 4,330

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 293 271 Q Q N Q N Q Q

1 to 50 .............................................. 10,203 9,154 5,113 4,041 N 1,049 Q 352 617

51 to 99 ............................................. 18,288 12,832 6,655 6,178 N 5,456 591 1,468 3,397

100 ................................................... 32,789 24,275 11,545 12,729 N 8,514 1,239 1,944 5,331

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 3,210 2,888 200 772 1,916 321 Q Q Q

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 17,385 13,423 6,600 6,138 685 3,962 Q 813 2,595

1 to 50 .............................................. 30,948 22,166 10,993 10,562 611 8,782 646 2,326 5,809

51 to 100 ........................................... 2,093 1,601 754 844 Q 492 Q Q Q

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 14,357 12,231 5,244 6,370 617 2,126 606 577 944

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 6,502 3,362 3,117 Q 2,312 Q 216 1,764

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 4,032 2,199 1,810 Q 1,410 Q Q 1,008

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 2,002 1,017 985 N 579 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 1,698 776 922 N 993 Q Q 948

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 16,722 8,468 7,808 Q 2,893 Q 530 2,250

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 9,880 5,128 4,575 Q 2,665 406 364 1,896

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 1,980 1,363 587 Q 3,186 Q 1,603 639

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 13,422 7,033 6,172 Q 7,001 756 1,444 4,801

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 14,279 6,674 7,225 Q 3,742 325 499 2,918

Other ................................................ 3,262 2,836 1,246 1,537 Q 427 Q Q 297

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 9,150 4,697 4,405 Q 1,885 Q 233 1,322

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 6,709 3,500 3,170 Q 2,332 Q 216 1,743

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 4,055 2,180 1,836 Q 1,371 Q Q 922

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 2,021 998 1,023 N 585 Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 1,924 951 973 N 1,016 Q Q 971

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 9,008 4,461 4,419 Q 3,550 253 686 2,612

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 1,069 711 323 Q 1,785 247 1,051 487

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 7,055 3,586 3,432 Q 4,581 681 1,258 2,642

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 23,772 11,883 11,561 Q 6,197 606 1,002 4,588

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 1,153 642 505 Q 407 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 920 495 425 N Q Q Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 12,856 6,478 6,166 Q 3,547 171 750 2,626

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 16,049 8,043 7,957 Q 4,946 600 974 3,372

Water Heating Equipment

Centralized System ........................... 34,671 26,319 13,602 12,176 Q 8,352 737 2,537 5,077

Distributed System ............................ 11,540 9,328 4,646 4,567 Q 2,212 Q 456 1,504

Combination of Centralized

 and Distributed System .................... 10,267 6,941 3,263 3,661 Q 3,326 417 633 2,276

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 38,528 29,422 15,132 13,986 Q 9,106 1,016 2,460 5,630

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 59,688 44,937 22,532 21,857 548 14,750 1,946 3,743 9,060

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 27,571 20,019 10,599 9,326 Q 7,552 935 2,274 4,343

High Intensity Discharge ................... 20,643 13,866 6,915 6,727 Q 6,777 1,215 1,411 4,152

Halogen ............................................ 17,703 14,281 7,011 7,240 Q 3,422 415 688 2,318

Other ................................................ 269 Q Q Q N Q N Q Q

Refrigeration Equipment

(more than one may apply)

a

Any Refrigeration............................... 52,974 39,741 20,451 18,870 Q 13,233 1,297 3,302 8,633

 Commercial Refrigeration ............... 26,768 18,344 9,103 9,190 Q 8,424 732 1,324 6,368

 Walk-In Units ................................ 20,254 13,335 6,276 7,009 Q 6,920 689 1,097 5,134

 Cases or Cabinets ........................ 20,424 14,486 7,055 7,389 Q 5,938 528 995 4,415

 Residential-Type Units .................... 38,884 29,266 15,919 13,060 Q 9,618 1,071 2,256 6,291

 Vending Machines .......................... 35,335 24,400 12,198 12,087 Q 10,935 1,188 2,913 6,834

No Refrigeration ................................ 11,809 9,680 3,140 5,043 1,497 2,130 Q 506 965

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 55,627 41,299 20,996 20,004 Q 14,329 1,674 3,661 8,994

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 26,417 18,776 10,016 8,760 N 7,641 919 2,395 4,327

Dedicated Servers ............................ 36,338 25,984 13,472 12,497 Q 10,354 1,207 2,409 6,738

Laser Printers ................................... 33,012 24,340 12,680 11,429 Q 8,672 616 1,804 6,252

Inkjet Printers .................................... 32,210 24,321 12,192 12,091 Q 7,889 1,104 2,233 4,552

FAX Machines .................................. 52,373 39,573 20,042 19,296 Q 12,800 1,273 3,306 8,221

Photocopiers ..................................... 46,257 33,724 17,771 15,878 Q 12,533 1,322 3,242 7,969

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 9,156 8,122 2,595 3,910 1,617 1,034 Q Q 604

1 to 4 ................................................ 12,395 10,829 5,187 5,377 Q 1,566 Q 373 855

5 to 9 ................................................ 7,179 6,426 3,509 2,917 N 754 Q 186 349

10 to 19 ............................................. 6,610 5,635 2,785 2,815 Q 975 Q Q 603

20 to 49 ............................................. 7,414 5,697 2,859 2,838 N 1,718 Q 570 1,059

50 to 99 ............................................. 5,376 3,273 1,694 1,579 N 2,103 Q 524 1,466

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,690 3,040 1,439 1,601 N 3,651 Q 712 2,853

250 or More ...................................... 9,963 6,400 3,522 2,878 N 3,563 724 1,030 1,809

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 28,445 23,437 10,119 11,416 1,902 5,009 Q 1,399 2,861

1 to 4 ................................................ 24,116 17,137 8,776 8,346 Q 6,979 413 1,290 5,277

5 to 9 ................................................ 3,864 2,654 1,448 1,206 N 1,210 Q Q 794

10 to 19 ............................................. 3,027 1,913 1,011 902 N 1,115 149 500 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 2,583 1,937 975 962 N 646 Q Q Q

50 or More ........................................ 2,748 2,344 1,262 1,081 N 404 Q Q Q

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 18,526 15,697 5,820 8,036 1,841 2,830 Q 566 1,630

One ................................................... 15,475 12,917 6,962 5,881 Q 2,557 Q 752 1,483

2 to 4 ................................................ 15,082 10,222 5,091 5,131 N 4,860 Q 1,199 3,527

5 to 9 ................................................ 5,515 3,124 1,737 1,388 N 2,391 Q 773 1,492

10 or More ........................................ 10,185 7,461 3,982 3,478 N 2,724 739 518 1,467

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 14,478 7,694 6,740 Q 7,746 674 976 6,096

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 12,990 6,200 6,744 Q 6,492 630 1,274 4,589

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 17,092 8,862 8,196 Q 9,781 996 2,064 6,720

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 13,196 6,873 6,088 Q 6,401 569 1,892 3,941

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 14,155 7,269 6,730 Q 6,953 753 2,093 4,108

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 37,125 18,712 17,826 587 14,039 1,868 3,523 8,648

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 8,641 4,651 3,844 Q 6,989 524 1,782 4,683

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
NongovernmentOwned

Buildings

Owner

Occupied

Nonowner

Occupied

Unoccupied

GovernmentOwned

Buildings Federal State Local

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 49,421 23,591 23,914 1,916 15,363 1,956 3,808 9,599

Table B18. Occupancy of Nongovernment-Owned and Government-Owned Buildings, 

Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Nongovernment-Owned Buildings Government-Owned Buildings

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 29,309 15,206 13,582 522 9,600 846 2,246 6,509

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 22,272 10,920 10,517 835 7,615 1,491 1,850 4,274

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 6,782 3,174 3,495 Q 1,762 Q 311 1,157

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 13,668 6,840 6,659 Q 3,574 259 983 2,332

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 8,961 4,997 3,900 Q 3,585 394 808 2,383

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 2,020 952 1,040 Q 848 Q Q 534

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 18,580 9,742 8,568 Q 7,538 1,414 1,730 4,394

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 34,000 17,281 16,360 Q 12,882 1,747 3,201 7,933

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 4,781 3,370 1,846 1,524 N 1,411 Q Q 1,137

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 31,594 16,247 14,526 821 11,128 948 2,424 7,756

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 32,135 16,719 15,007 Q 11,070 959 2,599 7,512

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 34,378 17,600 16,778 N 12,609 1,284 3,154 8,172

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 13,287 7,170 5,935 Q 6,110 Q 1,141 4,380

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to the 

Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,754 643 55 23 14 157

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,131 311 Q Q N 100

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 720 136 Q N Q Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 590 104 22 Q Q Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 163 50 11 Q Q Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 87 25 4 5 Q Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 43 11 4 Q Q Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 15 5 Q 1 2 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 3 1 Q Q 1 Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 360 21 Q N N N

Food Sales ....................................... 226 203 Q N N Q N

Food Service ..................................... 297 270 26 Q N N N

Health Care ....................................... 129 91 34 Q Q Q N

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 6 1 Q Q Q N

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 84 32 Q Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 142 130 12 Q N N N

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 368 68 Q Q Q N

Office ................................................ 824 536 228 37 14 7 N

Public Assembly ............................... 277 237 35 Q Q Q N

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 57 Q Q Q N N

Religious Worship ............................. 370 339 31 N Q N N

Service .............................................. 622 561 58 Q Q N N

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 518 74 Q Q Q N

Other ................................................ 79 63 15 Q N Q N

Vacant .............................................. 182 Q Q N N N 157

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 248 61 Q Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 402 84 Q Q Q 35

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 449 78 Q Q Q Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 479 74 7 Q Q Q

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 599 92 12 7 3 Q

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 545 111 12 4 4 Q

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 746 106 Q Q Q Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 286 37 Q Q Q Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 559 130 12 5 3 Q

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 1,047 157 12 2 Q 47

South ................................................ 1,775 1,444 215 16 9 7 84

West ................................................. 878 704 141 15 7 3 Q

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 667 147 8 Q Q Q

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 955 167 16 5 Q 28

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 554 87 6 4 Q Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1,060 143 13 4 5 51

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 516 99 11 8 2 32

Table B19. Number of Establishments in Building, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,754 643 55 23 14 157

Table B19. Number of Establishments in Building, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 3,136 2,670 333 17 Q Q 111

Two ................................................... 1,031 757 211 19 Q Q 33

Three ................................................ 339 244 64 9 5 Q Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 128 79 31 8 5 2 Q

Ten or More ...................................... 12 3 3 Q 1 3 N

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 309 183 74 22 12 8 9

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 208 132 52 12 Q Q Q

 Two to Five ..................................... 88 46 19 9 7 4 Q

 Six or More ..................................... 13 43113 Q

Any Escalators .................................. 6 3 Q Q Q 1 Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,233 252 Q Q Q 157

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 627 149 Q Q N N

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 442 110 Q N Q N

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 291 84 17 Q Q N

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 100 29 9 6 Q N

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 47 14 6 6 4 N

250 or More ...................................... 30 13 6424 N

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 774 68 N Q Q 157

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 868 225 13 Q Q N

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 836 192 23 8 4 N

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 505 68 12 3 3 N

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 358 39 Q Q Q N

Open Continuously ........................... 475 413 51 5 3 2 N

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 3,200 584 50 22 13 141

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 1,460 342 23 10 5 N

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 1,740 242 27 12 8 N

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 N N N N N 141

Government Owned .......................... 635 553 59 5 Q Q Q

 Federal ........................................... 46 41 Q Q Q Q Q

 State ............................................... 164 147 13 Q Q Q Q

 Local ............................................... 425 366 41 Q Q Q Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 N N N N N 157

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q Q N N N N

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 391 107 26 14 10 N

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 3,344 529 29 9 4 N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,754 643 55 23 14 157

Table B19. Number of Establishments in Building, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 3,169 2,509 489 34 13 11 113

College or University ......................... 83 67 14 Q Q Q N

Primary or Secondary School ........... 254 252 Q N N N Q

Office Complex ................................. 111 50 40 14 3 Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 151 134 Q Q N Q Q

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 195 170 Q Q Q N Q

Health Care Complex ........................ 39 27 11 Q Q Q Q

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 61 51 Q Q N N Q

Government Complex ....................... 87 71 Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 496 422 46 Q Q Q Q

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,591 635 55 23 14 85

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 1,912 382 39 12 9 37

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 373 65 6 3 3 Q

District Heat ...................................... 67 45 15 Q Q 1 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 22 8 Q Q Q Q

Propane ............................................ 502 433 60 Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 132 107 24 Q N Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,233 602 53 22 13 60

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 2,921 578 52 22 12 40

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 2,779 574 53 21 10 34

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 676 106 Q 5 3 Q

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 89 25 Q Q Q N

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 109 28 6 3 3 Q

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 398 57 8 5 2 Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 228 34 Q Q Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 141 21 Q Q Q N

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 51 4 Q Q Q N

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 1,483 321 22 Q Q Q

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 669 126 7 Q 2 Q

District Heat ...................................... 65 43 15 Q Q Q Q

Boilers .............................................. 579 464 92 8 5 6 Q

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 769 148 14 6 4 Q

Other ................................................ 205 169 27 Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,754 643 55 23 14 157

Table B19. Number of Establishments in Building, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 764 219 13 Q Q Q

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 410 58 8 6 2 Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 234 34 Q Q Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 148 22 Q Q Q N

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 51 4 Q Q Q N

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 610 112 7 Q Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 22 8 Q Q Q Q

Central Chillers ................................. 111 79 19 6 3 4 Q

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 1,318 240 25 10 7 Q

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 97 20 Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 40 28 Q Q Q Q N

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 1,197 949 197 16 7 4 Q

Cooling ............................................. 1,356 1,078 236 19 8 4 Q

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 3,081 2,443 539 55 23 13 Q

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 877 637 186 29 14 11 Q

Dedicated Servers ............................ 1,175 880 238 34 14 8 Q

Laser Printers ................................... 1,970 1,545 370 32 11 8 Q

Inkjet Printers .................................... 1,420 1,102 254 33 18 10 Q

FAX Machines .................................. 2,715 2,107 511 55 21 11 Q

Photocopiers ..................................... 1,939 1,463 391 47 21 10 Q

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 1,565 1,311 104 N Q Q 148

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,670 1,402 241 Q Q Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 559 439 114 Q Q Q N

10 to 19 ............................................. 370 278 80 Q Q Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 255 178 61 12 Q Q N

50 to 99 ............................................. 110 69 24 9 5 Q N

100 to 249 ......................................... 79 55 11 5 5 Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 38 22 7323 N

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 3,471 2,873 405 20 Q Q 157

1 to 4 ................................................ 1,060 818 212 21 7 Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 58 35 11 8 3 Q N

10 to 19 ............................................. 30 15 6 4 Q 2 N

20 to 49 ............................................. 17 8 5 Q Q 3 N

50 or More ........................................ 10 5 Q Q Q 1 N

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 2,706 2,291 252 Q Q Q 150

One ................................................... 1,250 1,023 202 Q Q Q Q

2 to 4 ................................................ 549 371 159 13 Q Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 85 50 17 15 Q Q N

10 or More ........................................ 54 18 12 9 9 7 N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,754 643 55 23 14 157

Table B19. Number of Establishments in Building, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 676 106 Q 5 3 Q

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 486 71 5 2 2 Q

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 421 103 15 8 6 Q

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 466 361 73 15 9 5 Q

Economizer Cycle ............................. 508 396 80 19 6 5 Q

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 2,581 2,069 420 44 21 9 17

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 252 197 34 9 4 4 Q

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 2,201 1,751 354 33 14 8 41

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 1,323 1,032 227 26 11 6 21

Reflective Window Glass .................. 308 252 32 10 Q 3 Q

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 1,233 968 205 20 8 Q 28

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 331 248 60 9 4 3 Q

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 74 64 7 Q Q Q Q

Specular Reflectors .......................... 928 746 139 21 11 6 Q

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 2,577 2,113 390 36 16 14 Q

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 60 49 6 Q 1 2 N

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 2,878 2,328 447 39 12 11 42

Cooling ............................................. 2,761 2,199 471 40 13 11 27

Lighting ............................................. 3,685 3,041 566 47 20 11 N

Office Equipment .............................. 1,504 1,225 246 20 5 Q Q

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 45,144 10,960 1,958 1,951 2,609 2,161

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 5,613 916 Q Q N 223

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,304 1,031 Q N Q Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 9,098 1,732 383 Q Q Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 5,807 1,837 355 Q Q Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 6,218 1,739 273 337 Q Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 6,102 1,545 539 Q Q Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 4,246 1,361 Q 389 531 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 2,756 800 Q Q 1,522 Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 8,714 946 Q N N N

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,057 Q N N Q N

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,375 246 Q N N N

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 2,004 735 Q Q Q N

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,328 361 Q Q Q N

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 676 374 Q Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,234 783 Q N N N

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 3,410 630 Q Q Q N

Office ................................................ 12,208 4,894 2,709 1,144 1,332 2,129 N

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,110 677 Q Q Q N

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 643 Q Q Q N N

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,272 479 N Q N N

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,509 465 Q Q N N

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 7,560 2,034 Q Q Q N

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,188 495 Q N Q N

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 Q Q N N N 2,161

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 2,460 788 Q Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 4,557 997 Q Q Q 465

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 5,229 1,145 Q Q Q Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 5,582 1,476 306 Q Q Q

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 7,604 1,552 297 277 600 Q

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 6,287 2,142 387 491 882 Q

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 9,151 2,080 Q Q Q Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,273 780 Q Q Q Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 8,061 2,517 571 722 696 Q

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 12,359 2,803 510 301 Q 892

South ................................................ 23,489 16,947 3,740 550 589 1,011 652

West ................................................. 11,310 7,776 1,900 327 340 688 Q

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 7,138 2,271 401 Q Q Q

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 12,514 2,774 540 409 Q 821

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 7,713 1,887 341 533 812 Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 11,616 2,422 226 387 598 491

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 6,163 1,606 450 304 760 303

Table B20. Number of Establishments in Building, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 45,144 10,960 1,958 1,951 2,609 2,161

Table B20. Number of Establishments in Building, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 20,956 3,717 265 Q Q 889

Two ................................................... 16,270 11,910 2,858 527 Q Q 652

Three ................................................ 7,501 5,084 1,279 259 481 Q Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 5,860 2,335 697 496 345 Q

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 1,332 772 Q 693 1,940 N

Elevators and Escalators

(more than one may apply)

Any Elevators .................................... 24,617 13,567 4,830 1,404 1,729 2,453 634

Number of Elevators

 One ................................................. 8,221 5,751 1,639 360 Q Q Q

 Two to Five ..................................... 10,129 5,410 2,137 804 959 462 Q

 Six or More ..................................... 6,268 2,406 1,054 241 638 1,900 Q

Any Escalators .................................. 2,350 1,023 Q Q Q 809 Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 11,824 1,399 Q Q Q 2,161

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 4,924 1,183 Q Q N N

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 6,115 1,584 Q N Q N

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 7,967 2,369 476 Q Q N

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 5,487 1,487 375 511 Q N

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 4,368 1,451 340 420 293 N

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 4,458 1,486 565 853 2,165 N

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 4,235 437 N Q Q 2,161

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 8,244 2,714 213 Q Q N

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 10,192 3,022 806 852 851 N

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 7,310 1,664 323 346 691 N

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 5,645 1,038 Q Q Q N

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 9,518 2,086 403 437 705 N

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 49,421 32,808 8,830 1,539 1,791 2,536 1,916

 Owner Occupied ............................. 23,591 15,690 4,948 519 1,149 1,285 N

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 23,914 17,118 3,882 1,020 642 1,251 N

 Unoccupied ..................................... 1,916 NNNNN 1,916

Government Owned .......................... 15,363 12,336 2,130 419 Q Q Q

 Federal ........................................... 1,956 1,683 Q Q Q Q Q

 State ............................................... 3,808 2,633 866 Q Q Q Q

 Local ............................................... 9,599 8,020 1,177 Q Q Q Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 NNNNN 2,161

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 Q Q N N N N

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 5,288 2,473 1,043 1,427 2,151 N

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 39,682 8,255 915 524 458 N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 45,144 10,960 1,958 1,951 2,609 2,161

Table B20. Number of Establishments in Building, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 40,048 27,568 6,792 1,019 1,064 2,005 1,601

College or University ......................... 3,480 2,136 1,085 Q Q Q N

Primary or Secondary School ........... 3,947 3,779 Q N N N Q

Office Complex ................................. 2,712 877 546 422 375 Q Q

Retail Complex ................................. 1,238 1,004 Q Q N Q Q

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 2,347 2,027 Q Q Q N Q

Health Care Complex ........................ 2,303 1,620 471 Q Q Q Q

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 912 698 Q Q N N Q

Government Complex ....................... 2,014 1,559 Q Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 5,783 3,877 1,000 Q Q Q Q

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 44,379 10,921 1,958 1,951 2,609 1,489

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 30,518 7,593 1,355 1,271 1,797 933

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 9,213 2,657 524 1,119 1,567 Q

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 3,063 1,301 Q Q 436 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 1,608 849 Q Q Q Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 5,379 1,071 Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,401 858 409 Q N Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 42,173 10,296 1,924 1,858 2,555 1,222

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 39,811 10,345 1,922 1,700 2,577 585

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 39,280 10,117 1,933 1,880 2,550 718

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 16,102 3,530 398 639 1,481 Q

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 1,980 632 Q Q Q N

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 7,603 2,400 476 829 1,415 Q

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 6,637 1,111 368 350 325 Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 3,980 686 Q Q Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 2,094 321 Q Q Q N

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 2,008 310 Q Q Q N

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 14,437 3,761 414 Q Q Q

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 8,528 2,419 420 Q 419 Q

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 2,905 1,245 Q Q Q Q

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 14,218 3,370 646 704 1,227 Q

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 12,903 2,880 597 650 610 Q

Other ................................................ 3,262 2,022 508 Q Q Q Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 45,144 10,960 1,958 1,951 2,609 2,161

Table B20. Number of Establishments in Building, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 8,024 2,313 329 Q Q Q

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 6,659 1,166 366 355 456 Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 3,938 688 Q Q Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 2,056 354 Q Q Q N

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 2,095 329 Q Q Q N

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 9,223 2,358 315 Q Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 1,608 849 Q Q Q Q

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 6,679 1,834 573 689 1,820 Q

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 21,391 5,283 982 966 1,019 Q

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 1,204 233 Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 729 Q Q Q Q N

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 11,523 2,890 559 798 405 Q

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 14,585 3,831 699 655 1,147 Q

Office Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Computers ........................................ 55,627 38,544 10,293 1,958 1,948 2,571 Q

 With Flat Screen Monitors ............... 26,417 15,859 5,172 1,415 1,546 2,413 Q

Dedicated Servers ............................ 36,338 23,761 6,942 1,532 1,711 2,363 Q

Laser Printers ................................... 33,012 22,914 6,411 1,214 877 1,354 Q

Inkjet Printers .................................... 32,210 20,886 6,233 1,284 1,602 2,163 Q

FAX Machines .................................. 52,373 35,578 10,038 1,951 1,946 2,581 Q

Photocopiers ..................................... 46,257 31,326 8,809 1,846 1,689 2,496 Q

Number of Computers

None ................................................. 9,156 6,600 667 N Q Q 1,847

1 to 4 ................................................ 12,395 10,211 1,720 Q Q Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 7,179 5,347 1,475 Q Q Q N

10 to 19 ............................................. 6,610 4,712 1,593 Q Q Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 7,414 5,201 1,726 362 Q Q N

50 to 99 ............................................. 5,376 3,406 1,097 401 300 Q N

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,690 4,665 991 319 434 Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,963 5,002 1,691 498 741 2,031 N

Number of Dedicated Servers

None ................................................. 28,445 21,382 4,018 426 Q Q 2,132

1 to 4 ................................................ 24,116 17,854 4,935 641 436 Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 3,864 2,070 653 408 522 Q N

10 to 19 ............................................. 3,027 1,505 595 410 Q 276 N

20 to 49 ............................................. 2,583 986 393 Q Q 923 N

50 or More ........................................ 2,748 1,346 365 Q Q 732 N

Number of Photocopiers

None ................................................. 18,526 13,818 2,151 Q Q Q 2,072

One ................................................... 15,475 12,580 2,500 Q Q Q Q

2 to 4 ................................................ 15,082 10,854 3,401 467 Q Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 5,515 3,592 1,070 657 Q Q N

10 or More ........................................ 10,185 4,300 1,838 554 1,208 2,285 N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
One

Two to

Five

Six to 

Ten

Eleven to 

Twenty

More than 

Twenty

Currently 

Unoccupied

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 45,144 10,960 1,958 1,951 2,609 2,161

Table B20. Number of Establishments in Building, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Establishments in Building

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 16,090 3,530 398 639 1,481 Q

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 14,846 3,037 331 463 730 Q

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 17,693 5,002 822 1,216 2,093 Q

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 11,801 3,519 988 1,230 1,809 Q

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 13,314 3,898 1,163 1,011 1,563 Q

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 35,231 9,184 1,774 1,866 2,466 642

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 9,706 2,588 642 821 1,727 Q

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 27,265 7,011 1,194 1,436 1,430 574

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 18,968 5,774 1,218 1,297 1,791 839

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 5,379 1,102 438 475 1,037 Q

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 12,582 2,879 806 500 285 190

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 8,361 2,543 441 512 610 Q

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 1,899 540 Q Q Q Q

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 16,988 4,570 1,074 1,405 1,811 Q

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 32,240 8,346 1,560 1,820 2,515 Q

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 for Lighting ....................................... 4,781 2,804 680 Q 382 681 N

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 29,789 7,290 1,305 1,296 2,169 873

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 29,802 7,892 1,528 1,395 2,148 439

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 33,694 8,403 1,523 1,484 1,884 N

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 14,753 3,558 442 249 Q Q

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See

"Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
All

Buildings

With

Central 

Physical 

Plant

All

Buildings

With 

Central

Physical

Plant

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 1,477 116 64,783 24,735 6,604

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 771 Q 6,789 2,009 Q

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 259 Q 6,585 1,912 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 263 33 11,535 4,158 520

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 92 18 8,668 3,277 630

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 49 13 9,057 3,381 911

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 28 12 9,064 3,935 1,723

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 13 5 7,176 3,568 1,438

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 3 2 5,908 2,494 1,235

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 281 57 9,874 5,642 2,037

Food Sales ....................................... 226 Q N 1,255 Q N

Food Service ..................................... 297 27 Q 1,654 264 Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 26 4 3,163 1,899 733

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 6 2 1,905 1,508 629

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 20 Q 1,258 391 Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 69 14 5,096 2,237 726

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 66 Q 4,317 707 Q

Office ................................................ 824 240 18 12,208 4,022 1,102

Public Assembly ............................... 277 84 10 3,939 1,542 602

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 11 Q 1,090 541 Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 121 Q 3,754 1,308 Q

Service .............................................. 622 149 Q 4,050 1,041 Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 302 Q 10,078 3,874 Q

Other ................................................ 79 31 Q 1,738 842 Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 51 Q 2,567 670 Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 59 Q 3,769 978 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 112 12 6,871 2,874 985

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 147 24 7,045 2,347 669

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 215 26 8,101 3,956 1,166

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 211 11 10,772 3,787 806

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 251 14 10,332 4,154 1,249

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 318 16 12,360 4,448 1,193

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 163 3 5,533 2,190 235

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 158 19 12,905 4,490 1,103

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 306 21 17,080 6,003 1,863

South ................................................ 1,775 617 35 23,489 9,056 2,567

West ................................................. 878 395 41 11,310 5,186 1,071

Table B21. Multibuilding Facilities, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Buildings on 

Multibuilding Facilities

Buildings on

Multibuilding Facilities

Number of Buildings 

(thousand)

Total Floorspace 

(million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
All

Buildings

With

Central 

Physical 

Plant

All

Buildings

With 

Central

Physical

Plant

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 1,477 116 64,783 24,735 6,604

Table B21. Multibuilding Facilities, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Buildings on 

Multibuilding Facilities

Buildings on

Multibuilding Facilities

Number of Buildings 

(thousand)

Total Floorspace 

(million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 882 35 15,492 5,554 870

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 184 Q 6,166 1,642 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 165 15 7,803 2,602 253

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 143 27 10,989 4,084 985

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 54 16 7,934 3,408 1,167

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 36 11 6,871 3,339 1,271

250 or More ...................................... 30 13 6 9,528 4,106 1,948

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 341 Q 6,863 2,248 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 366 24 11,622 4,474 864

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 309 27 15,723 5,574 1,689

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 155 23 10,334 3,528 1,006

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 84 10 7,092 2,728 898

Open Continuously ........................... 475 223 20 13,149 6,183 1,960

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 1,062 37 49,421 15,647 2,503

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 446 22 23,591 7,648 1,556

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 581 15 23,914 7,461 911

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 35 Q 1,916 538 Q

Government Owned .......................... 635 415 79 15,363 9,088 4,101

 Federal ........................................... 46 34 Q 1,956 1,240 Q

 State ............................................... 164 127 43 3,808 3,028 2,085

 Local ............................................... 425 254 26 9,599 4,819 1,210

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 44 Q 2,161 560 Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q N 406 Q N

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 219 19 12,382 5,092 1,311

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 1,207 96 49,834 18,973 5,257

Multibuilding Facility Activity

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 3,169 N N 40,048 N N

College or University ......................... 83 83 48 3,480 3,480 2,467

Primary or Secondary School ........... 254 254 36 3,947 3,947 871

Office Complex ................................. 111 111 4 2,712 2,712 456

Retail Complex ................................. 151 151 N 1,238 1,238 N

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 195 195 Q 2,347 2,347 Q

Health Care Complex ........................ 39 39 8 2,303 2,303 867

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 61 61 Q 912 912 Q

Government Complex ....................... 87 87 5 2,014 2,014 Q

Other ................................................ 496 496 5 5,783 5,783 526

Central Plant that Produces

District Hot Water ............................. 59 59 59 3,321 3,321 3,321

District Steam ................................... 56 56 56 4,059 4,059 4,059

District Chilled Water ........................ 69 69 69 4,969 4,969 4,969

Electricity .......................................... 19 19 19 1,251 1,251 1,251

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
All

Buildings

With

Central 

Physical 

Plant

All

Buildings

With 

Central

Physical

Plant

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 1,477 116 64,783 24,735 6,604

Table B21. Multibuilding Facilities, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

All

Buildings*

Buildings on 

Multibuilding Facilities

Buildings on

Multibuilding Facilities

Number of Buildings 

(thousand)

Total Floorspace 

(million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 1,343 116 63,307 24,089 6,604

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 582 64 43,468 14,974 3,970

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 115 14 15,157 6,961 2,244

District Heat ...................................... 67 61 58 5,443 4,241 3,909

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 29 25 2,853 2,647 2,410

Propane ............................................ 502 160 9 7,076 3,315 825

Other ................................................ 132 26 Q 1,401 537 Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 1,147 115 60,028 22,590 6,513

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 1,031 100 56,940 20,964 5,806

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 967 94 56,478 21,176 5,834

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 175 19 22,237 8,521 2,563

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 21 Q 3,138 1,025 Q

Buildings with Electricity 149 61 14 12,821 6,389 2,572

 Generation .......................................

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial 

Buildings Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from 

the CBECS web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings 

comprising 6.9 billion square feet.

a

 The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS 

estimates. See "Guide to the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were 

sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample that use the particular energy source.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED