Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 8,814 19,615 12,545 5,166 20,423 18,021 3,262

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 5,668 685 2,902 1,047 Q 461 1,159 330

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,786 462 2,891 1,282 Q 773 1,599 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 10,387 1,400 4,653 2,129 289 2,164 2,765 456

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 8,060 1,150 2,761 1,748 325 2,829 2,449 419

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,718 1,524 2,086 1,819 549 3,497 3,328 450

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,710 1,245 1,974 1,625 1,365 4,283 2,797 Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,907 1,295 1,456 1,313 1,010 3,844 2,156 514

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,792 1,053 891 1,582 1,528 2,573 1,769 Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,755 1,787 1,855 1,500 1,106 5,171 2,596 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,131 Q 567 Q N Q 422 Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,608 168 675 186 Q 328 591 Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,100 641 786 600 410 1,857 942 Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 424 386 409 353 1,477 672 Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,195 217 400 191 Q 380 270 Q

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,994 1,183 1,065 1,462 Q 2,773 1,356 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,075 444 2,049 667 Q 383 1,397 Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 11,929 1,795 2,405 2,186 1,526 4,117 3,754 970

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,777 409 1,028 677 530 1,421 879 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,083 Q 260 Q Q 437 328 Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,581 577 1,945 875 Q 1,148 733 Q

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,687 457 1,974 1,010 Q 791 957 393

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 8,126 913 3,757 2,457 Q 1,031 3,118 Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,691 Q 700 311 Q 546 498 Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,491 Q 550 Q Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,667 Q 1,350 782 Q 1,926 390 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 6,236 622 2,085 1,427 1,203 2,744 979 Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,534 848 2,475 1,442 661 3,081 1,422 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 7,510 827 2,346 1,469 786 2,957 1,993 242

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 10,223 1,378 3,612 2,393 573 3,339 3,443 779

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 9,808 2,018 2,418 1,799 780 2,803 3,816 641

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 11,254 1,974 3,971 2,433 691 2,257 4,067 814

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,796 999 1,359 800 Q 1,316 1,911 401

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 12,596 1,213 3,596 2,786 1,245 6,228 2,912 579

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 16,331 1,058 7,229 4,169 1,623 6,141 3,666 820

South ................................................ 23,489 20,998 4,942 5,715 3,608 1,683 4,393 8,130 1,381

West ................................................. 11,310 10,102 1,600 3,075 1,981 615 3,662 3,312 481

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 10,109 727 4,587 3,014 801 4,060 2,126 816

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 16,720 1,471 6,411 3,582 1,749 6,835 3,708 674

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 11,239 1,971 2,648 2,524 1,266 4,693 3,204 497

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 13,965 3,283 4,313 2,569 918 3,334 5,619 525

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,995 1,361 1,658 856 432 1,500 3,365 750

Table B39. Heating Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Heated 

Buildings

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 198

Released: Dec 2006

Next CBECS will be conducted in 2007
Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 8,814 19,615 12,545 5,166 20,423 18,021 3,262

Table B39. Heating Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Heated 

Buildings

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 22,744 3,440 9,476 4,914 Q 3,267 8,267 1,236

Two ................................................... 16,270 15,408 2,146 6,368 2,908 501 5,116 4,671 874

Three ................................................ 7,501 7,198 1,139 2,231 1,709 385 3,856 1,822 Q

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 9,744 1,146 1,054 2,087 2,350 5,793 1,987 426

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 4,933 943 Q 927 1,298 2,391 1,273 502

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 12,182 1,196 5,347 2,782 Q 1,986 2,269 544

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,822 647 3,043 938 Q 1,140 1,571 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,410 932 3,057 1,542 Q 1,884 2,209 394

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,822 1,460 3,814 2,364 653 3,588 3,526 799

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,650 1,398 1,899 1,628 460 3,556 2,835 372

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,766 1,513 1,290 1,300 972 3,401 2,736 Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,376 1,668 1,165 1,991 2,063 4,869 2,874 808

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,246 550 2,374 1,106 Q 1,023 1,058 239

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 10,928 1,623 3,978 2,013 493 3,381 3,119 479

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 14,763 1,910 4,950 3,172 1,576 4,113 4,185 949

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 10,012 1,545 3,426 1,810 760 3,491 2,806 804

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,680 818 1,989 1,476 773 1,974 2,690 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,399 2,367 2,899 2,969 1,384 6,441 4,163 449

Multibuilding Facility

Not Part of a Multibuilding

 Facility ............................................. 40,048 37,438 4,995 14,226 7,979 1,144 11,924 12,056 1,874

College or University ......................... 3,480 3,456 324 Q 279 1,977 1,175 440 Q

Primary or Secondary School ........... 3,947 3,910 911 818 637 Q 1,691 1,168 Q

Office Complex ................................. 2,712 2,665 455 212 626 Q 1,055 992 Q

Retail Complex ................................. 1,238 941 Q 422 271 N Q 280 Q

Religious Campus or Complex .......... 2,347 2,245 320 731 302 Q 988 406 Q

Health Care Complex ........................ 2,303 2,231 543 489 413 409 1,551 655 Q

Lodging or Resort Complex .............. 912 830 251 Q 380 Q 356 302 Q

Government Complex ....................... 2,014 1,987 Q 319 273 Q 610 463 Q

Other ................................................ 5,783 4,325 696 2,019 1,384 Q 1,024 1,259 568

Renovations in Buildings

Constructed Before 1980

(more than one may apply)

Any Type of Renovation

 Since 1980 ....................................... 17,844 17,204 2,367 5,768 4,345 1,644 8,140 5,138 548

 Addition or Annex ........................... 6,551 6,439 1,187 2,481 1,627 435 3,417 1,982 Q

 Reduction In Floorspace ................ 1,012 1,012 Q Q Q Q 698 Q Q

 Cosmetic Improvements ................ 13,119 12,739 1,687 4,128 3,186 1,169 6,277 3,773 346

 Wall or Roof Replacement ............. 8,070 7,919 1,141 2,258 2,080 833 4,224 2,478 Q

 Interior Wall

 Re-Configuration ........................... 8,518 8,385 1,144 2,539 2,330 1,007 4,470 2,668 Q

 HVAC Equipment Upgrade ............ 10,768 10,634 1,765 3,438 2,925 1,262 5,534 3,539 361

 Lighting Upgrade ............................ 10,275 10,049 1,441 2,892 2,563 1,283 5,421 3,036 288

 Window Replacement .................... 6,354 6,157 788 1,973 1,680 686 3,361 1,763 Q

 Plumbing System Upgrade ............ 7,144 6,988 1,042 2,063 1,891 924 3,891 2,293 Q

 Insulation Upgrade ......................... 4,015 3,974 516 1,664 1,192 351 1,735 1,526 Q

 Other Renovation ........................... 523 497 Q Q Q Q 302 Q N

No Renovations Since 1980 .............. 18,714 16,967 1,456 6,100 3,167 1,862 5,907 3,089 859

Building Newer than 1980 ................. 28,225 25,857 4,991 7,747 5,032 1,660 6,376 9,794 1,856

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 199

CONTINUED
Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 8,814 19,615 12,545 5,166 20,423 18,021 3,262

Table B39. Heating Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Heated 

Buildings

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 59,991 8,814 19,604 12,540 5,166 20,423 18,021 3,242

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 42,974 5,552 15,304 8,969 2,291 18,174 13,618 1,801

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 14,942 2,417 3,330 3,236 1,592 8,930 3,862 1,095

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 5,378 413 Q 605 5,166 Q 589 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 Q Q Q 2,231 391 370 Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 6,790 944 2,831 1,968 Q 1,949 1,983 599

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,399 Q 617 448 Q 613 296 405

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 28,600 28,600 8,688 8,653 9,838 1,088 7,766 11,947 2,139

Natural Gas ...................................... 36,959 36,959 4,643 14,562 7,947 486 16,417 12,283 1,524

Fuel Oil ............................................. 5,988 5,988 295 1,827 1,438 Q 4,355 593 265

District Heat ...................................... 5,198 5,198 413 Q 560 5,166 Q 528 Q

Propane ............................................ 3,204 3,204 516 1,946 1,178 Q 761 833 443

Other ................................................ 842 842 Q 435 317 N 286 Q 384

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 15,996 15,996 4,812 3,655 3,736 Q 2,115 6,767 1,286

Natural Gas ...................................... 32,970 32,970 3,430 13,476 6,907 Q 15,138 10,115 1,275

Fuel Oil ............................................. 3,818 3,818 Q 1,153 739 N 2,714 Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 4,907 4,907 388 Q 533 4,875 Q 466 Q

Propane ............................................ 1,955 1,955 Q 1,140 522 Q Q 469 Q

Other ................................................ 382 382 Q Q Q N Q Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 60,028 8,814 19,615 12,545 5,166 20,423 18,021 3,262

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 55,188 8,780 17,494 11,526 4,376 19,051 17,745 2,961

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 55,154 8,390 17,920 11,659 4,354 19,904 16,821 3,031

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 21,725 4,202 5,351 4,804 1,747 11,586 7,112 868

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,072 293 1,486 1,087 Q 1,145 1,087 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,635 2,580 2,377 2,750 1,953 6,863 4,166 915

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 N N N N N N N N

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 6,850 670 2,852 2,055 Q 792 2,390 279

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 8,107 1,497 2,597 1,943 631 3,110 2,546 476

100 ................................................... 45,071 45,071 6,647 14,165 8,547 4,509 16,521 13,085 2,507

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 8,814 8,814 2,117 1,861 413 2,787 3,069 358

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 5,442 5,442 1,125 1,114 Q 1,699 2,236 Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 2,581 2,581 774 872 Q 622 717 Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 2,691 2,691 592 594 Q 1,227 1,376 Q

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 19,615 2,117 19,615 4,858 Q 2,986 3,483 883

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 12,545 1,861 4,858 12,545 543 3,830 3,900 373

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 5,166 413 Q 543 5,166 Q 512 Q

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 20,423 2,787 2,986 3,830 Q 20,423 3,910 Q

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 18,021 3,069 3,483 3,900 512 3,910 18,021 482

Other ................................................ 3,262 3,262 358 883 373 Q Q 482 3,262

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 200

CONTINUED
Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 8,814 19,615 12,545 5,166 20,423 18,021 3,262

Table B39. Heating Equipment, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All 

Buildings*

Heated 

Buildings

Heating Equipment (more than one may apply)

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 10,617 1,356 6,251 2,933 Q 3,352 2,812 495

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 8,921 8,366 2,111 1,774 404 2,919 3,065 381

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 5,407 5,174 1,128 1,054 Q 1,694 2,147 Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 2,559 2,452 761 840 Q 650 711 Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 2,887 2,610 596 568 Q 1,336 1,453 Q

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 12,167 2,049 4,077 4,558 758 5,926 3,722 579

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 Q Q Q 2,231 391 370 Q

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 11,440 1,992 1,352 2,175 1,737 7,857 2,703 979

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 29,007 3,446 9,995 6,288 1,023 9,946 14,747 1,255

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 1,451 Q 718 611 Q 620 347 Q

Other ................................................ 1,232 1,203 Q Q Q Q 596 Q Q

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 16,403 2,455 6,420 4,563 Q 5,746 5,315 730

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 20,633 3,375 6,935 4,979 917 9,022 6,277 912

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 19,108 2,747 3,619 3,962 2,886 9,385 5,938 1,192

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 20,828 3,558 3,846 4,517 2,873 10,246 7,804 1,274

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 49,812 7,769 15,148 9,459 4,956 18,923 15,677 2,579

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 15,457 2,897 2,092 2,973 2,662 7,451 5,128 1,124

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

a

Heating ............................................. 42,722 42,722 6,388 14,172 9,211 3,047 14,636 12,799 2,411

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 41,977 6,693 13,252 8,795 3,273 14,480 13,342 2,336

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 44,799 6,227 15,787 8,942 3,568 13,430 12,979 2,563

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 18,638 2,508 7,119 3,604 1,313 5,788 4,887 990

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site - 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 billion 

square feet.

a The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See "Guide to 

the Tables" for discussion of the differences.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 201

CONTINUED