arnngress nf u,e lltniteik sfafe.s 

masi,ington, fl(!t 20515 

The Honorable John Kerry 

Secretary of State 

2201 C Street NW 

Washington, D.C. 20590 

April 30, 2015 

The Honorable Anthony Foxx 

Secretary of Transportation 

1200 New Jersey Avenue SE 

Washington, D.C. 20590 

Dear Secretary Kerry and Secretary Foxx: 

We are writing to urge you to seek consultations with the governments of Qatar and the United 

Arab Emirates (U AE) in an effort to stem the tide of subsidized capacity that their state-owned 

airlines are deploying on international routes to the United States, in direct contravention to the 

U.S. Open Skies policy. 

Specifically, we have learned that over the past decade, the governments of Qatar and the UAE 

have granted over $40 billion in concealed subsidies and other unfair benefits to their stateowned carriers. The subsidies, as defined by the World Trade Organization and U.S. trade law, 

have taken a wide variety of forms, such as direct cash injections, interest-free loans with no 

repayment obligations, shareholder advances, significant related party transactions not at anuslength, and subsidized infrastructure, as well as other unfair business practices, such as bans on 

unions. The evidence is drawn almost entirely from financial statements, most of which have not 

been released in this country. 

We are concerned that Qatar and the UAE are using these subsidies and other unfair practices to 

distort the market in favor of their state-owned airlines, contrary to U.S. Open Skies 

policy. These actions artificially boost these state-owned carriers and undermine the principles 

of open competition essential to the airline industry. According to available research, each daily 

international roundtrip frequency lost/forgone by U.S. airlines because of subsidized Gulf carrier 

competition results in a loss ofhundreds ofU.S. jobs. 

Confronting massive subsidies and other competition-distorting practices by State-Owned 

Enterprises (SOEs) in other sectors of the U.S. economy has been a major policy priority of the 

U.S. government for many years. The aviation industry should be no exception. Foreign 

governments and their state-owned carriers that engage in practices that violate the spirit of 

liberalization and free competition should not be exempt from that policy. 

The subsidies that Qatar and the UAE have provided to their state-owned carriers have led to 

market distortions and unfair competition in international aviation. Failure to address these 

s 1 0-150505-002 PAINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER 
practices will lead to significant job losses in the United States and set a dangerous precedent 

that could lead to further harm to the U.S. airline industry and the broader U.S. economy. 

We strongly urge your respective Departments to request consultations with Qatar and the UAE, 

as provided for in the bilateral aviation agreements with those respective countries, to ensure that 

the agreements address the flow of subsidized capacity by these airlines to the United States. 

Sincerely, 

Member of Congress 

TOM EMMER 

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