Table A57. Energy Conservation Features, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting OtherAll

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.7

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 4,357 4,223 2,604 1,178 264 67,876 64,403 62,056 50,281 29,453 5,952 4.7

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 2,376 2,305 1,194 452 102 7,327 6,575 6,375 3,370 1,302 291 7.4

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 887 864 569 275 62 7,199 6,566 6,405 4,221 2,066 467 5.6

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 610 587 447 241 50 10,375 9,788 9,403 7,257 3,952 821 6.5

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 268 259 208 106 25 10,069 9,597 9,270 7,503 3,884 896 8.4

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 113 111 98 47 14 8,062 7,874 7,683 6,797 3,420 917 9.2

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 68 66 57 36 8 9,678 9,271 8,935 7,699 4,821 1,020 10.3

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 25 23 23 14 2 7,889 7,479 7,098 6,946 4,557 740 11.9

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 9 9 9 7 1 7,278 7,254 6,887 6,488 5,452 799 24.2

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 300 296 245 74 27 8,470 8,457 8,379 7,719 3,297 922 9.3

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 119 114 70 20 Q 757 695 656 510 197 Q 19.7

 Food Service ................................. 260 251 245 166 92 Q 1,491 1,465 1,451 1,073 546 Q 11.2

 Health Care .................................... 63 63 63 47 26 6 1,763 1,735 1,735 1,664 1,304 368 15.6

 Lodging .......................................... 154 152 150 120 51 12 2,891 2,868 2,825 2,585 1,340 379 15.4

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 1,186 1,141 643 293 56 12,402 12,038 11,667 8,905 5,339 1,003 9.2

 Office .............................................. 749 727 722 534 220 41 12,319 12,239 12,185 11,004 7,042 904 7.2

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 20 16 10 5 Q 1,652 1,303 678 753 748 Q 33.9

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 269 262 175 96 21 4,556 4,501 4,341 3,959 2,969 410 15.6

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 59 59 46 19 Q 820 818 818 762 205 Q 23.7

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 355 347 199 101 31 3,747 3,707 3,657 2,759 1,652 526 12.9

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 555 511 256 135 30 11,484 9,764 9,082 5,812 3,323 711 10.3

 Other .............................................. 69 58 56 34 22 Q 1,130 1,099 1,032 968 589 Q 17.9

 Vacant ............................................ 319 242 240 60 25 Q 4,396 3,716 3,550 1,808 901 Q 16.2

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 159 155 95 65 Q 1,721 1,662 1,620 1,229 659 Q 16.1

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 235 230 137 65 20 3,608 3,325 3,269 2,662 1,368 406 16.1

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 641 615 328 173 31 8,712 7,841 7,532 5,313 2,943 604 10.8

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 782 761 445 169 41 10,421 9,752 9,484 6,726 3,384 677 9.0

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 716 697 442 180 38 12,612 12,053 11,695 9,812 5,219 1,247 9.1

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 889 850 556 235 59 14,014 13,464 12,754 10,636 6,680 1,430 7.6

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 812 797 526 243 55 14,287 13,886 13,365 11,800 7,572 1,185 9.2

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 121 117 76 48 9 2,502 2,419 2,338 2,103 1,627 275 14.2

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 711 693 504 241 57 13,400 12,891 12,612 10,840 6,727 1,626 9.0

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 1,097 1,076 626 295 67 17,280 16,619 16,031 13,100 7,790 1,575 8.1

 South .............................................. 1,963 1,737 1,667 980 375 85 24,577 22,659 21,758 16,864 8,307 1,757 9.1

 West ............................................... 870 812 787 494 268 55 12,619 12,234 11,655 9,477 6,628 993 9.3

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 4,258 4,124 2,604 1,178 263 66,549 63,709 61,362 50,281 29,453 5,927 4.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 2,542 2,467 1,660 778 175 45,097 44,303 43,053 36,273 21,197 4,733 5.4

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 541 526 397 190 56 13,218 13,125 12,996 12,104 8,603 1,830 9.9

 District Heat .................................... 95 95 90 86 50 10 5,339 5,316 5,135 5,146 3,046 687 12.6

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 28 27 28 14 Q 2,066 2,066 2,007 2,063 1,152 224 19.7

 Propane .......................................... 337 331 321 172 77 18 3,393 3,376 3,339 2,506 1,439 201 15.5

 Any Other ....................................... 163 155 150 70 32 Q 1,551 1,494 1,472 912 552 Q 19.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 221
Table A57. Energy Conservation Features, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting OtherAll

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.7

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 3,996 3,881 2,568 1,122 260 61,996 60,736 58,915 49,515 28,384 5,793 4.7

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 3,376 3,285 2,271 997 227 57,041 56,223 54,488 46,884 27,166 5,425 4.9

 Buildings with Water

 Heating .......................................... 3,502 3,392 3,298 2,275 1,042 232 58,479 57,571 55,914 47,711 27,924 5,618 4.7

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 727 707 548 275 52 23,065 23,031 22,814 21,458 13,887 2,615 7.5

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ............................... 121 119 112 74 49 18 3,174 3,151 3,050 2,260 1,624 545 16.2

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 2,620 2,530 1,414 541 128 25,424 22,938 22,066 15,331 7,256 1,563 7.9

 Two ................................................ 1,154 1,105 1,077 719 368 82 18,025 17,520 17,097 14,092 7,994 1,866 6.0

 Three .............................................. 446 435 424 313 166 36 9,877 9,776 9,558 8,398 5,049 873 8.4

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 184 179 145 93 15 10,377 9,997 9,289 8,360 5,841 1,182 11.0

 Ten or More .................................... 13 13 13 13 10 2 4,173 4,173 4,046 4,100 3,313 468 16.5

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 3,792 3,684 2,172 1,022 219 52,752 49,630 47,889 37,005 22,860 4,398 5.0

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 2,929 2,841 1,763 810 192 38,403 36,377 35,043 27,762 16,990 3,763 4.6

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 717 699 387 202 24 12,273 11,630 11,369 8,755 5,551 536 10.9

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 145 144 21 9 Q 2,077 1,624 1,477 488 319 Q 18.9

 Government Owned ....................... 599 565 539 432 156 44 15,124 14,773 14,168 13,276 6,593 1,554 8.1

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 383 363 46 60 Q 6,211 3,976 3,439 949 1,203 Q 17.9

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 626 605 331 132 25 11,195 10,534 9,852 7,172 3,723 463 10.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 601 585 366 214 36 10,211 10,131 9,861 7,771 5,463 1,073 8.8

 100 ................................................. 2,846 2,746 2,670 1,861 772 199 40,260 39,762 38,905 34,389 19,063 4,257 5.0

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 980 938 333 181 37 10,835 8,180 7,569 3,397 2,287 527 9.9

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 1,125 1,079 690 320 73 21,715 21,269 20,089 15,879 8,224 1,836 6.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 646 630 446 223 55 13,872 13,768 13,541 12,333 7,985 1,711 8.2

 100 ................................................. 1,668 1,606 1,575 1,135 453 99 21,454 21,186 20,858 18,672 10,957 1,877 7.1

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 244 241 30 Q Q 3,280 2,243 2,110 638 Q Q 16.8

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 785 762 426 197 36 9,980 9,131 8,863 6,140 3,352 792 8.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 791 768 523 290 75 14,224 14,110 13,846 11,807 7,914 1,711 8.5

 100 ................................................. 2,699 2,537 2,452 1,624 679 145 40,393 38,919 37,237 31,696 17,945 3,391 5.3

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 449 441 435 323 148 29 8,269 8,230 8,053 6,847 4,245 675 10.3

 Furnaces ........................................ 1,692 1,640 1,605 1,028 427 118 16,909 16,632 16,246 12,184 6,275 1,301 6.8

 Individual Space

 Heaters .......................................... 1,464 1,371 1,327 724 374 79 22,380 21,647 20,986 16,301 10,200 2,479 6.8

 District Heat .................................... 93 93 89 85 49 10 5,225 5,202 5,021 5,047 2,969 631 12.7

 Boilers ............................................ 624 616 602 487 239 66 20,664 20,594 20,141 18,645 11,665 2,640 7.1

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 870 836 811 604 256 53 16,000 15,778 15,456 12,832 7,681 1,275 8.3

 Other .............................................. 42 42 42 25 15 Q 903 903 889 838 571 Q 24.7

See footnotes at end of table.

222 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A57. Energy Conservation Features, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting OtherAll

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.7

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................. 816 791 780 508 226 53 9,021 8,822 8,655 6,842 3,703 984 9.4

 Heat Pumps ................................... 454 447 441 326 142 27 8,406 8,376 8,244 6,978 4,319 687 10.0

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................. 1,023 964 935 581 259 60 17,979 17,621 16,995 13,842 7,780 1,757 9.2

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 28 27 28 14 Q 2,066 2,066 2,007 2,063 1,152 224 19.7

 Central Chillers ............................... 142 141 140 129 77 14 12,991 12,950 12,739 12,569 9,301 1,906 10.9

 Packaged Air-

 Conditioning Units ......................... 1,459 1,421 1,375 1,028 468 104 27,830 27,573 26,845 23,508 13,211 2,667 6.2

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 179 171 164 109 56 Q 2,085 2,062 2,020 1,697 1,115 Q 22.4

 Other .............................................. 8 8 8 4 Q Q 268 268 268 181 Q Q 48.6

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 2,509 2,364 2,304 1,471 768 171 39,221 38,196 37,436 31,251 19,761 4,049 5.3

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 4,065 3,851 3,734 2,457 1,100 248 62,074 60,445 58,496 49,090 28,649 5,719 4.5

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 206 203 200 154 106 22 8,336 8,321 8,283 7,885 6,649 1,294 10.0

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 354 337 316 237 166 39 17,570 17,188 16,304 14,328 10,593 2,206 7.8

 Other .............................................. 78 73 72 52 32 12 1,612 1,603 1,538 1,266 1,074 233 21.1

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System ........................ 1,994 1,950 1,900 1,325 610 141 31,599 31,322 30,682 26,731 16,074 3,122 7.3

 Self-Heating Tank ........................ 1,799 1,760 1,714 1,178 522 126 24,464 24,241 23,694 20,029 11,593 2,188 8.2

 Heated by

 Space-Heating

 Equipment ................................... 103 100 99 85 51 10 3,722 3,713 3,670 3,530 2,470 358 16.3

 Other ............................................ 106 104 101 75 46 9 4,032 3,987 3,936 3,791 2,473 667 13.9

 Distributed System ......................... 1,557 1,491 1,447 989 462 97 29,502 28,871 27,855 23,497 13,877 2,682 7.2

 Residential-Type

 Storage Tank ............................... 1,489 1,423 1,379 932 433 88 25,809 25,182 24,166 19,873 11,047 2,335 7.1

 Point-of-Use Heaters .................... 56 56 56 45 26 11 3,367 3,364 3,364 3,306 2,728 427 23.7

 Other ............................................ 24 24 24 23 12 3 1,259 1,259 1,259 1,235 677 331 18.6

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling

 Insulation ....................................... 3,343 3,343 3,343 2,104 974 219 50,311 50,311 50,311 40,883 24,203 5,180 4.7

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 2,320 2,320 1,472 697 161 33,240 33,240 33,240 27,448 17,643 3,509 5.6

 Storm or Multiple

 Glazing .......................................... 1,680 1,680 1,680 1,170 566 137 29,684 29,684 29,684 25,702 15,921 3,207 6.3

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ............................... 1,068 1,068 1,068 780 407 90 25,396 25,396 25,396 22,350 15,756 2,914 7.5

 Exterior or Interior

 Shading or Awnings ...................... 1,853 1,853 1,853 1,318 594 142 34,071 34,071 34,071 29,261 17,758 3,744 5.9

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 2,119 2,119 1,198 503 130 28,937 28,937 28,937 22,346 11,266 2,790 6.0

HVAC Conservation Features

 Variable Air-Volume

 System .......................................... 250 250 244 250 134 24 13,970 13,970 13,900 13,970 10,536 1,814 9.9

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 414 414 413 414 226 46 18,313 18,313 18,174 18,313 13,273 2,343 8.4

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 2,503 2,503 2,411 2,503 837 197 49,173 49,173 47,705 49,173 25,184 5,294 4.9

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 223
Table A57. Energy Conservation Features, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting OtherAll

Buildings

Any

Conservation

Features

Building

Shell HVAC

Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.7

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 574 536 420 574 54 15,241 15,241 14,568 13,372 15,241 2,181 8.3

 Natural Lighting

 Control Sensors ............................ 74 74 73 55 74 8 3,072 3,072 2,937 2,868 3,072 598 14.6

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 59 58 49 59 8 3,629 3,629 3,546 3,517 3,629 691 11.8

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 339 328 255 339 30 12,104 12,104 11,748 11,066 12,104 1,439 10.7

 Manual Dimmer

 Switches ........................................ 413 413 408 328 413 39 12,329 12,329 12,233 11,314 12,329 1,739 8.6

 Other .............................................. 78 78 78 70 78 12 2,596 2,596 2,589 2,453 2,596 430 14.2

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation

 Features ........................................ 4,357 4,357 4,223 2,604 1,178 264 64,403 64,403 62,056 50,281 29,453 5,952 4.7

 Building Shell ................................. 4,223 4,223 4,223 2,511 1,123 255 62,056 62,056 62,056 48,798 28,234 5,755 4.7

 HVAC ............................................. 2,604 2,604 2,511 2,604 871 206 50,281 50,281 48,798 50,281 25,730 5,419 4.8

 Lighting ........................................... 1,178 1,178 1,123 871 1,178 108 29,453 29,453 28,234 25,730 29,453 3,436 6.3

 Other .............................................. 264 264 255 206 108 264 5,952 5,952 5,755 5,419 3,436 5,952 8.5

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control

 System .......................................... 236 234 232 213 119 27 14,320 14,254 14,134 13,986 10,627 1,474 9.9

 Demand-Side

 Management

 Participation .................................. 315 314 309 264 166 39 11,310 11,273 11,198 10,668 8,257 1,730 8.8

 Energy Audit ................................... 521 511 497 397 208 58 14,779 14,509 14,269 13,105 8,976 2,038 7.7

 Building Energy

 Manager ........................................ 49 49 49 42 18 1 2,311 2,311 2,281 2,242 1,295 165 18.5

Demand-Side Management

Programs (more than one may

apply)

 Building Shell Program ................... 36 36 36 33 21 Q 1,079 1,079 1,079 1,042 890 Q 19.7

 HVAC Program .............................. 154 153 149 136 77 25 6,370 6,342 6,298 6,166 4,679 1,122 10.6

 Lighting Program ............................ 228 227 224 182 131 24 8,805 8,797 8,759 8,250 6,869 1,360 10.5

 Other DSM Programs ..................... 110 110 109 99 62 15 6,176 6,176 6,146 6,063 4,906 967 13.4

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

224 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A58. Building Shell Conservation Features, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Type of Building Shell Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Building

Shell

ConserVation

Features

Roof or

Ceiling

Insulation

Wall

Insulation

Storms

or

Multiple

Glazing

Tinted,

Reflective

or Shading

Glass

Exterior

or Interior

Shadings

or Awnings

Windows

that

Open

0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.1

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 4,223 3,343 2,320 1,680 1,068 1,853 2,119 4.4

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 2,305 1,777 1,279 800 445 901 1,181 6.5

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 864 708 472 390 238 392 425 5.5

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 587 475 322 263 199 288 296 6.4

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 259 212 137 123 90 137 120 8.3

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 111 93 57 56 48 75 54 8.5

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 66 52 35 29 29 37 30 10.5

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 23 19 13 13 13 17 11 11.4

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 9 7 5 5 6 5 3 32.1

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 296 232 137 86 65 171 235 9.4

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 114 77 61 45 40 45 Q 19.4

 Food Service ................................. 260 245 214 147 123 74 138 65 10.1

 Health Care .................................... 63 63 55 41 36 20 49 35 17.0

 Lodging .......................................... 154 150 118 90 72 24 74 124 13.7

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 1,141 910 623 401 249 425 459 6.8

 Office .............................................. 749 722 610 448 372 257 487 336 6.6

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 16 9 9 7 1 Q 12 36.5

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 262 207 133 96 50 85 145 8.9

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 59 54 37 31 16 30 43 21.7

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 347 282 208 177 122 112 264 11.9

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 511 377 250 140 93 145 242 9.4

 Other .............................................. 69 56 38 30 21 9 24 25 19.8

 Vacant ............................................ 319 240 160 109 73 48 64 114 11.6

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 155 100 51 88 30 67 106 14.6

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 230 167 89 125 34 94 146 12.5

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 615 419 222 218 119 240 360 8.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 761 549 302 238 172 336 454 7.7

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 697 551 364 230 171 297 352 7.6

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 850 739 571 332 221 364 346 7.3

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 797 715 622 374 283 395 296 6.8

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 117 103 100 75 40 61 60 16.1

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 693 531 376 420 115 279 451 9.1

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 1,076 851 584 616 235 427 541 8.3

 South .............................................. 1,963 1,667 1,356 960 448 451 741 756 7.6

 West ............................................... 870 787 605 401 195 266 406 371 11.9

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 4,124 3,290 2,290 1,664 1,057 1,844 2,066 4.3

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 2,467 1,987 1,340 1,045 695 1,220 1,189 5.5

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 526 440 282 295 103 213 333 11.9

 District Heat .................................... 95 90 66 39 38 23 48 59 13.2

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 27 23 11 8 12 17 15 24.2

 Propane .......................................... 337 321 275 217 144 56 100 193 14.8

 Any Other ....................................... 163 150 112 83 58 10 34 104 17.2

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 225
Table A58. Building Shell Conservation Features, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Type of Building Shell Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Building

Shell

ConserVation

Features

Roof or

Ceiling

Insulation

Wall

Insulation

Storms

or

Multiple

Glazing

Tinted,

Reflective

or Shading

Glass

Exterior

or Interior

Shadings

or Awnings

Windows

that

Open

0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 3,881 3,164 2,206 1,642 1,018 1,804 1,932 4.4

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 3,285 2,727 1,908 1,405 977 1,705 1,515 4.5

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 3,298 2,728 1,918 1,495 928 1,635 1,625 4.5

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 707 594 400 353 237 399 336 6.2

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 112 95 63 48 31 52 45 16.9

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 2,530 2,010 1,434 796 604 992 1,159 6.6

 Two ................................................ 1,154 1,077 857 600 498 300 530 547 5.3

 Three .............................................. 446 424 330 195 265 103 223 276 8.2

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 179 137 84 114 53 99 130 11.1

 Ten or More .................................... 13 13 9 6 7 8 9 6 17.5

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 2,240 1,683 1,160 760 410 703 1,181 6.5

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 837 687 487 345 210 453 412 6.2

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 534 450 317 252 182 297 251 7.4

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 389 339 223 206 152 249 181 6.9

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 128 102 75 64 53 83 62 9.6

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 64 55 38 35 39 45 23 10.1

 250 or More .................................... 31 31 27 20 18 20 24 9 9.7

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 839 610 406 295 168 224 527 8.7

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 1,155 925 649 472 314 617 606 6.4

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 894 720 513 340 221 402 404 6.7

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 579 475 326 249 154 264 237 6.0

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 445 362 247 195 131 198 166 9.0

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 311 252 180 130 81 147 179 9.5

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 3,684 2,921 2,061 1,496 946 1,590 1,741 4.4

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 2,841 2,297 1,660 1,209 738 1,220 1,420 4.6

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 699 535 334 242 183 337 260 7.6

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 144 89 68 45 25 32 61 16.1

 Government Owned ....................... 599 539 422 259 184 122 263 378 8.6

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ........................................ 1,107 1,032 870 674 378 330 530 426 7.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,276 2,105 1,694 1,143 917 582 1,038 1,020 5.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 394 369 303 175 204 51 138 248 15.4

 District Heat .................................... 91 87 63 37 36 21 45 57 13.5

 Propane .......................................... 217 205 174 141 81 31 46 123 20.2

 Wood .............................................. 68 59 41 Q Q Q Q 43 27.0

 Any Other ....................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 100.0

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 3,404 3,189 2,643 1,849 1,357 947 1,644 1,474 4.6

 Natural Gas .................................... 106 106 93 70 55 33 68 44 12.8

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 27 23 11 8 12 17 15 24.2

See footnotes at end of table.

226 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A58. Building Shell Conservation Features, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Type of Building Shell Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Building

Shell

ConserVation

Features

Roof or

Ceiling

Insulation

Wall

Insulation

Storms

or

Multiple

Glazing

Tinted,

Reflective

or Shading

Glass

Exterior

or Interior

Shadings

or Awnings

Windows

that

Open

0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.1

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 1,696 1,620 1,382 1,004 692 459 785 748 5.6

 Natural Gas .................................... 1,647 1,527 1,213 837 717 446 808 771 6.2

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 126 118 103 55 73 20 42 83 21.8

 District Heat .................................... 38 36 28 19 18 10 19 22 17.0

 Propane .......................................... 80 76 70 53 39 Q 31 46 26.3

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 356 343 294 204 174 115 195 149 8.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 431 419 342 222 195 141 242 203 7.8

 Propane .......................................... 70 68 62 51 42 16 38 41 20.6

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 363 196 126 44 53 52 198 14.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 605 431 307 189 136 240 297 8.0

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 585 475 325 255 162 301 279 7.7

 100 ................................................. 2,846 2,670 2,241 1,563 1,193 718 1,259 1,345 4.8

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 938 616 412 275 91 147 604 9.0

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 1,079 835 549 426 261 496 568 5.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 630 531 356 314 195 381 277 7.6

 100 ................................................. 1,668 1,575 1,362 1,004 665 521 829 670 6.0

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 241 144 100 59 27 38 127 14.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 762 559 393 319 165 296 447 7.2

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 768 648 418 349 235 388 374 6.7

 100 ................................................. 2,699 2,452 1,993 1,410 953 642 1,131 1,171 4.9

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit ............................................. 2,987 2,542 1,967 1,379 918 555 961 1,428 5.5

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,689 1,573 1,290 879 726 485 854 645 5.4

 51 to 99 .......................................... 43 37 29 22 15 13 22 14 22.0

 100 ................................................. 87 71 56 41 22 15 16 32 21.4

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 3,343 3,343 3,343 2,128 1,445 919 1,558 1,527 4.5

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 2,320 2,128 2,320 1,139 683 1,100 1,065 5.2

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 1,680 1,680 1,445 1,139 1,680 552 908 888 5.8

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass .............................................. 1,068 1,068 919 683 552 1,068 647 330 6.1

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ..................................... 1,853 1,853 1,558 1,100 908 647 1,853 871 5.4

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 2,119 1,527 1,065 888 330 871 2,119 5.7

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System .......... 250 244 219 161 146 124 180 99 8.0

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 414 413 374 270 229 175 281 163 8.2

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 2,503 2,411 2,012 1,403 1,120 753 1,248 1,152 4.7

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 227
Table A59. Building Shell Conservation Features, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Type of Building Shell Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Building

Shell

ConserVation

Features

Roof or

Ceiling

Insulation

Wall

Insulation

Storms

or

Multiple

Glazing

Tinted,

Reflective

or Shading

Glass

Exterior

or Interior

Shadings

or Awnings

Windows

that

Open

0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.1

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 62,056 50,311 33,240 29,684 25,396 34,071 28,937 4.8

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 6,375 4,951 3,554 2,274 1,251 2,518 3,293 6.7

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 6,405 5,270 3,481 2,895 1,789 2,900 3,117 5.6

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 9,403 7,668 5,145 4,324 3,195 4,722 4,700 6.3

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 9,270 7,504 4,949 4,448 3,226 4,900 4,366 8.5

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 7,683 6,454 3,940 3,913 3,395 5,145 3,754 8.3

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 8,935 7,160 4,733 4,126 3,948 5,131 4,209 10.3

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 7,098 5,653 3,637 3,928 4,076 5,168 3,179 11.8

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 6,887 5,650 3,800 3,776 4,516 3,588 2,319 25.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 8,379 7,025 3,377 3,212 2,898 5,131 5,959 8.5

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 656 476 285 247 225 280 Q 19.8

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 1,451 1,215 754 868 412 738 450 12.6

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 1,735 1,584 1,131 1,329 1,093 1,507 1,177 14.3

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 2,825 2,218 1,661 1,639 947 1,750 2,416 16.5

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 11,667 10,081 6,379 4,970 4,434 4,885 3,701 10.7

 Office .............................................. 12,319 12,185 10,180 7,738 6,963 6,819 9,044 4,061 7.0

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 678 324 283 414 260 336 440 40.3

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 4,341 3,802 2,828 2,593 Q 2,542 1,666 29.9

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 818 748 464 561 226 551 545 27.9

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 3,657 2,718 2,154 2,296 1,419 1,620 2,862 13.9

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 9,082 6,517 4,178 3,127 2,970 3,791 3,760 11.5

 Other .............................................. 1,130 1,032 737 560 519 447 582 309 19.6

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 3,550 2,685 1,448 945 1,219 1,315 1,473 17.4

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 1,620 942 561 1,036 379 726 1,215 17.4

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 3,269 2,259 1,210 1,679 630 1,312 2,297 18.0

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 7,532 4,929 2,187 3,317 1,556 3,922 4,759 11.8

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 9,484 6,957 3,300 3,474 2,887 4,926 6,211 9.6

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 11,695 9,567 5,498 4,124 4,740 6,096 5,654 10.0

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 12,754 11,395 8,182 5,638 5,603 6,763 4,703 7.0

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 13,365 12,072 10,427 8,731 7,927 8,587 3,577 11.6

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 2,338 2,190 1,877 1,685 1,674 1,740 520 13.0

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 12,612 9,893 6,633 8,075 4,184 6,436 7,706 9.2

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 16,031 12,918 8,184 9,885 6,540 8,376 8,117 7.0

 South .............................................. 24,577 21,758 18,108 12,175 8,380 8,899 12,210 8,838 10.4

 West ............................................... 12,619 11,655 9,392 6,248 3,344 5,774 7,049 4,276 8.4

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 61,362 49,956 33,068 29,615 25,306 33,941 28,564 4.8

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 43,053 35,416 22,379 21,530 18,217 24,915 20,481 5.1

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 12,996 11,451 8,061 8,471 6,385 8,177 6,422 7.9

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 5,135 4,046 2,290 2,337 2,425 2,994 2,823 12.8

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 2,007 1,616 994 808 1,103 1,239 1,042 20.0

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 3,339 2,829 2,153 1,692 1,222 1,653 1,865 14.9

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 1,472 1,276 860 557 190 604 921 22.1

See footnotes at end of table.

228 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A59. Building Shell Conservation Features, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Type of Building Shell Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Building

Shell

ConserVation

Features

Roof or

Ceiling

Insulation

Wall

Insulation

Storms

or

Multiple

Glazing

Tinted,

Reflective

or Shading

Glass

Exterior

or Interior

Shadings

or Awnings

Windows

that

Open

0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 58,915 48,409 32,180 29,441 24,816 33,454 27,381 4.8

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 54,488 45,186 30,278 27,331 24,350 32,198 23,966 5.1

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 55,914 46,407 30,978 28,564 24,373 32,745 25,632 4.9

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 22,814 19,707 12,919 12,918 11,271 14,890 11,124 8.7

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 3,050 2,714 1,489 1,312 1,338 1,377 1,349 16.4

Floors

 One ................................................ 25,424 22,066 18,135 12,123 8,610 7,551 10,608 8,652 9.9

 Two ................................................ 18,025 17,097 14,282 9,741 8,019 6,991 9,124 7,540 6.5

 Three .............................................. 9,877 9,558 7,957 4,581 5,358 3,749 5,459 5,499 8.2

 Four to Nine ................................... 10,377 9,289 6,810 4,326 5,368 4,340 5,945 5,615 9.6

 Ten or More .................................... 4,173 4,046 3,128 2,469 2,329 2,765 2,935 1,632 16.2

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 17,944 14,210 11,054 7,342 5,825 4,030 5,026 7,113 14.6

 5 to 9 .............................................. 7,524 6,814 5,268 3,466 2,895 1,539 3,499 3,488 6.9

 10 to 19 .......................................... 8,077 7,444 5,591 3,629 3,212 2,112 3,539 3,976 8.6

 20 to 49 .......................................... 10,556 10,084 8,475 5,328 5,110 4,255 6,428 4,856 7.6

 50 to 99 .......................................... 7,763 7,642 6,110 4,087 4,115 3,118 5,085 3,784 10.0

 100 to 249 ...................................... 7,378 7,308 6,550 4,137 3,797 4,492 4,703 2,828 12.1

 250 or More .................................... 8,633 8,554 7,263 5,251 4,729 5,850 5,792 2,891 10.6

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 8,246 6,858 5,264 3,236 2,793 1,778 2,264 4,100 9.8

 40 to 48 .......................................... 14,998 13,770 10,776 6,694 6,236 5,097 8,025 7,031 6.8

 49 to 60 .......................................... 14,046 12,952 10,748 7,451 5,658 5,250 7,205 5,306 6.3

 61 to 84 .......................................... 12,062 11,444 9,551 6,535 5,312 5,075 5,945 3,813 8.7

 85 to 167 ........................................ 8,467 8,074 6,350 3,678 3,795 3,455 4,329 3,767 11.2

 Open Continuously ......................... 10,057 8,958 7,622 5,647 5,890 4,740 6,303 4,921 15.1

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 52,752 47,889 38,288 27,472 23,696 20,146 26,322 19,907 5.3

 Owner Occupied .......................... 38,403 35,043 28,012 20,366 17,450 14,347 18,809 16,151 4.2

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 12,273 11,369 9,262 6,417 5,788 5,371 6,927 3,174 14.2

 Unoccupied .................................. 2,077 1,477 1,014 688 458 428 586 582 17.7

 Government Owned ....................... 15,124 14,168 12,023 5,768 5,988 5,250 7,749 9,030 8.4

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ........................................ 15,502 14,541 12,530 9,993 7,487 7,528 8,980 4,553 11.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 35,161 33,455 27,048 16,869 16,546 13,894 19,312 15,927 5.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 4,415 4,266 3,494 2,066 2,554 949 1,993 3,098 16.2

 District Heat .................................... 5,014 4,813 3,731 2,117 2,199 2,276 2,725 2,722 13.5

 Propane .......................................... 1,101 1,064 939 750 468 133 247 633 21.5

 Wood .............................................. 257 230 183 Q Q Q Q 145 24.8

 Any Other ....................................... 546 546 Q Q Q Q Q Q 55.3

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 54,628 52,132 43,216 29,191 26,170 23,187 30,810 22,866 5.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 1,906 1,848 1,632 1,075 1,025 831 1,112 740 18.5

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 2,007 1,616 994 808 1,103 1,239 1,042 20.0

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 229
Table A59. Building Shell Conservation Features, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Type of Building Shell Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Any

Building

Shell

ConserVation

Features

Roof or

Ceiling

Insulation

Wall

Insulation

Storms

or

Multiple

Glazing

Tinted,

Reflective

or Shading

Glass

Exterior

or Interior

Shadings

or Awnings

Windows

that

Open

0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.1

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 25,482 24,351 20,939 15,193 12,583 11,163 14,199 8,865 8.8

 Natural Gas .................................... 29,962 28,615 23,238 14,456 14,742 12,247 17,025 14,352 5.9

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 2,470 2,417 2,046 1,182 1,464 667 1,246 1,836 19.8

 District Heat .................................... 3,308 3,238 2,543 1,632 1,466 1,572 2,078 1,728 15.1

 Propane .......................................... 659 647 586 428 326 Q 297 434 27.7

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 12,183 12,060 10,728 7,206 7,152 6,568 8,077 5,184 14.1

 Natural Gas .................................... 15,233 15,099 12,898 8,040 8,241 7,061 9,567 8,143 8.8

 Propane .......................................... 1,039 1,033 935 800 630 435 592 661 25.5

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 6,211 3,439 2,154 1,170 327 587 744 1,738 18.9

 1 to 50 ............................................ 11,195 9,852 7,135 4,163 3,584 3,437 3,887 4,442 12.2

 51 to 99 .......................................... 10,211 9,861 8,462 5,672 4,674 4,596 6,291 4,202 8.7

 100 ................................................. 40,260 38,905 32,559 22,235 21,099 16,776 23,149 18,555 5.4

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 10,835 7,569 5,124 2,963 2,354 1,046 1,873 4,971 10.2

 1 to 50 ............................................ 21,715 20,089 15,497 8,977 9,092 6,787 9,868 10,559 7.3

 51 to 99 .......................................... 13,872 13,541 11,573 7,713 7,158 7,107 8,975 5,478 7.9

 100 ................................................. 21,454 20,858 18,116 13,588 11,080 10,456 13,356 7,929 8.5

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 3,280 2,110 1,341 768 481 554 618 1,113 18.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 9,980 8,863 6,538 4,032 3,727 2,339 3,586 5,175 9.1

 51 to 99 .......................................... 14,224 13,846 11,864 8,261 7,851 6,875 8,583 5,954 11.1

 100 ................................................. 40,393 37,237 30,567 20,179 17,625 15,628 21,285 16,696 5.2

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit ............................................. 34,486 30,170 24,198 16,513 14,385 10,863 15,626 16,050 7.2

 1 to 50 ............................................ 31,482 30,110 24,757 15,719 14,597 13,760 17,640 12,265 5.5

 51 to 99 .......................................... 1,021 977 838 664 502 558 577 185 21.3

 100 ................................................. 887 800 518 344 200 215 228 437 24.7

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 50,311 50,311 50,311 30,885 25,474 22,124 28,758 21,398 4.9

 Wall Insulation ................................ 33,240 33,240 30,885 33,240 20,010 15,537 20,202 13,019 5.8

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 29,684 29,684 25,474 20,010 29,684 14,838 19,831 13,784 6.1

 Tinted, Reflective or Shading

 Glass .............................................. 25,396 25,396 22,124 15,537 14,838 25,396 17,622 8,104 8.0

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ..................................... 34,071 34,071 28,758 20,202 19,831 17,622 34,071 14,783 5.8

 Windows that Open ........................ 28,937 28,937 21,398 13,019 13,784 8,104 14,783 28,937 5.9

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System .......... 13,970 13,900 12,198 9,265 9,208 9,741 10,395 4,616 11.9

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 18,313 18,174 16,606 11,625 11,172 11,287 12,871 6,430 9.7

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 49,173 47,705 39,959 26,728 25,113 21,907 28,549 21,809 5.2

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

230 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A60. Energy Management Practices, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.5 2.6 0.8 0.7 1.6

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 222 197 55 34 12 315 521 49 10.3

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 45 44 Q Q Q 103 209 Q 18.9

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 37 31 Q Q Q 66 107 Q 18.4

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 50 41 12 9 Q 68 94 6 17.3

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 29 25 5 6 Q 30 50 5 20.0

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 28 23 8 4 Q 23 32 6 17.5

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 19 18 8 4 Q 14 17 2 18.0

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 10 10 3 3 (*) 9 9 2 19.4

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 5 5 Q Q 1 2 3 1 36.0

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 50 38 9 11 Q 54 75 10 20.3

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 38.3

 Food Service ................................. 260 11 Q Q Q Q 24 31 Q 30.2

 Health Care .................................... 63 10 10 Q Q Q 11 11 Q 38.5

 Lodging .......................................... 154 4 2 Q Q Q 21 33 Q 34.7

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 28 26 13 Q Q 50 106 Q 17.0

 Office .............................................. 749 68 66 13 7 3 62 96 10 16.4

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 66.6

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 14 12 Q Q Q 24 40 Q 25.9

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 52.5

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 11 8 Q Q Q 15 37 Q 33.8

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 9 8 Q Q Q 24 45 Q 29.8

 Other .............................................. 69 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 45.8

 Vacant ............................................ 319 5 Q Q Q Q 7 12 Q 44.7

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 Q Q Q Q Q 12 25 Q 37.1

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 11 8 Q Q Q 18 26 Q 36.2

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 14 9 Q Q Q 45 76 Q 25.0

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 32 24 Q 5 Q 55 95 11 18.3

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 38 32 6 5 Q 53 99 8 19.5

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 49 48 13 8 Q 74 112 15 18.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 55 55 17 10 Q 51 81 5 17.8

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 20 19 6 2 1 7 7 Q 30.8

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 37 23 11 8 1 99 132 8 21.6

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 66 55 11 9 6 68 122 11 17.7

 South .............................................. 1,963 63 68 15 11 Q 72 157 14 17.8

 West ............................................... 870 57 51 18 6 Q 75 110 16 20.1

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 222 197 55 34 12 315 520 49 10.3

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 169 148 37 21 10 195 336 31 11.4

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 35 29 13 11 Q 65 85 6 22.2

 District Heat .................................... 95 25 20 4 5 Q 30 27 6 24.2

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 12 13 Q 2 Q 11 9 4 33.6

 Propane .......................................... 337 5 4 Q Q Q 18 32 Q 41.1

 Any Other ....................................... 163 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 32.7

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 222 197 55 34 12 313 505 49 10.3

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 204 197 47 31 12 267 425 42 10.2

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 215 190 52 34 12 288 453 47 10.4

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 76 65 22 15 5 95 131 12 14.9

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 7 4 Q Q Q 16 25 Q 41.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 231
Table A60. Energy Management Practices, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.5 2.6 0.8 0.7 1.6

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 81 78 24 14 Q 132 259 24 16.0

 Two ................................................ 1,154 78 65 17 7 3 91 144 9 16.2

 Three .............................................. 446 30 25 7 5 Q 51 72 9 19.6

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 28 24 5 6 1 35 41 6 18.7

 Ten or More .................................... 13 6 5 2 2 Q 5 5 1 25.8

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 36 27 13 Q Q 103 178 15 21.8

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 27 27 Q Q Q 68 102 Q 19.7

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 45 41 Q Q Q 41 92 Q 19.6

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 50 42 8 9 Q 52 85 12 17.3

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 27 22 8 5 Q 24 33 6 18.0

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 22 22 9 6 2 18 21 2 16.5

 250 or More .................................... 31 16 16 5 2 1 9 11 2 16.6

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 23 14 Q Q Q 31 70 Q 24.7

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 68 61 9 7 Q 90 142 15 16.8

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 49 47 8 3 3 60 90 8 17.6

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 34 31 10 8 1 56 88 4 18.7

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 29 26 14 5 Q 48 75 6 20.7

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 19 18 7 9 Q 30 57 8 24.9

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 153 142 41 20 11 229 399 32 11.6

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 128 119 32 17 10 199 334 27 12.7

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 23 24 9 Q Q 27 64 3 20.6

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 30.1

 Government Owned ....................... 599 69 54 14 14 Q 86 122 18 17.5

Space-Heating Energy Source

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 1,513 79 75 24 13 6 109 202 22 15.1

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,405 147 132 32 19 7 172 299 28 12.1

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 479 18 12 Q 5 Q 52 67 Q 27.8

 District Heat .................................... 94 24 20 Q 5 Q 29 27 6 23.3

 Propane .......................................... 255 Q Q Q Q Q 12 17 Q 45.2

 Wood .............................................. 102 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 50.0

 Any Other ....................................... 39 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 103.8

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 3,404 188 180 45 29 12 252 413 39 10.4

 Natural Gas .................................... 106 11 11 Q Q Q 12 18 Q 34.4

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 12 13 Q 2 Q 11 9 4 33.6

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 1,696 86 85 23 16 Q 134 195 18 14.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 1,647 114 98 26 14 7 130 225 27 13.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 126 Q 2 Q Q Q 20 27 Q 42.7

 District Heat .................................... 38 17 13 2 4 Q 15 10 3 27.6

 Propane .......................................... 80 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 67.7

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 356 36 31 12 9 Q 49 65 6 19.9

 Natural Gas .................................... 431 52 44 14 9 4 56 76 8 17.8

 Propane .......................................... 70 Q Q Q Q Q 11 14 Q 45.3

See footnotes at end of table.

232 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A60. Energy Management Practices, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.5 2.6 0.8 0.7 1.6

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 Q Q Q Q Q Q 17 Q 27.7

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 11 7 4 Q Q 34 51 7 27.2

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 34 32 11 5 Q 45 78 6 21.6

 100 ................................................. 2,846 178 158 39 28 9 234 376 36 11.1

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 18 Q Q Q Q 48 97 Q 26.1

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 41 27 5 5 Q 82 134 7 17.8

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 49 50 12 8 3 72 107 14 16.9

 100 ................................................. 1,668 115 120 30 18 8 113 184 22 14.0

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 28.0

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 14 7 Q Q Q 48 76 Q 22.5

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 55 46 15 11 3 90 121 9 17.6

 100 ................................................. 2,699 154 143 38 23 9 177 321 36 12.0

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit ............................................. 2,987 101 84 25 18 Q 157 293 32 14.2

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,689 118 110 29 17 6 153 213 18 12.1

 51 to 99 .......................................... 43 2 2 Q Q Q Q 7 Q 44.9

 100 ................................................. 87 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 45.7

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 449 27 25 5 2 1 33 60 5 21.7

 Furnaces ........................................ 1,692 66 61 12 Q Q 109 163 Q 16.3

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 60 52 16 8 6 102 167 15 17.3

 District Heat .................................... 93 24 20 Q 5 Q 29 27 6 23.3

 Boilers ............................................ 624 62 46 18 14 3 89 132 13 13.9

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 870 65 66 19 7 4 67 113 15 16.5

 Other .............................................. 42 9 9 Q Q Q Q 7 Q 55.4

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 816 38 37 5 Q Q 60 68 Q 24.8

 Heat Pumps ................................... 454 27 25 5 2 1 36 59 5 22.2

 Individual Air Conditioners ............. 1,023 30 22 Q 7 Q 71 121 9 19.4

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 12 13 Q 2 Q 11 9 4 33.6

 Central Chillers ............................... 142 37 38 10 10 2 30 39 5 15.8

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ............................................... 1,459 105 105 29 13 8 119 206 23 14.2

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 179 7 6 Q Q Q 6 18 Q 48.7

 Other .............................................. 8 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 126.2

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 2,509 127 107 25 17 8 190 300 26 12.5

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 4,065 220 195 55 34 12 301 492 48 10.3

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 206 27 22 11 7 1 57 55 4 17.3

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 354 43 36 13 7 3 56 73 5 13.1

 Other .............................................. 78 Q Q Q Q Q 8 Q Q 48.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 233
Table A60. Energy Management Practices, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.8 0.8 1.4 1.5 2.6 0.8 0.7 1.6

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System ........................ 1,994 129 109 32 23 7 172 264 32 14.1

 Self-Heating Tank ........................ 1,799 107 91 28 16 6 147 224 28 15.6

 Heated by Space-Heating

 Equipment .................................... 103 12 9 Q 2 Q 14 23 Q 34.1

 Other ............................................ 106 12 10 2 5 Q 17 23 3 26.6

 Distributed System ......................... 1,557 92 88 22 14 6 121 204 16 15.1

 Residential-Type Storage

 Tank ............................................. 1,489 80 77 16 9 4 108 193 13 15.0

 Point-of-Use ................................. 56 9 9 Q Q Q 12 9 Q 43.9

 Other ............................................ 24 5 4 Q Q Q 4 5 Q 45.0

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

234 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A61. Energy Management Practices, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.7 1.8 0.8 0.7 1.5

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 13,412 12,489 5,162 3,897 887 11,310 14,779 2,311 11.1

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 139 136 Q Q Q 321 623 Q 18.8

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 290 241 Q Q Q 485 785 Q 17.2

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 868 730 218 161 Q 1,075 1,540 94 16.4

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 1,058 931 195 210 Q 1,105 1,820 194 19.4

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 1,944 1,626 578 324 Q 1,581 2,271 418 16.4

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 2,478 2,329 997 529 Q 1,960 2,345 304 17.1

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 3,254 3,097 913 840 152 2,548 2,891 508 19.3

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 3,381 3,399 2,194 Q 368 2,235 2,504 658 32.1

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 2,891 2,156 504 927 Q 2,560 2,810 482 17.9

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 39.0

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 118 Q Q Q Q 159 174 Q 34.1

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 918 936 Q 225 Q 911 804 Q 24.1

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 386 454 Q Q Q 707 878 Q 37.2

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 1,674 1,682 1,315 Q Q 1,728 1,878 Q 23.5

 Office .............................................. 12,319 4,400 4,231 1,459 836 430 2,707 3,793 560 13.1

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 66.6

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 Q Q Q Q Q 700 807 Q 35.2

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 58.2

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 261 199 Q Q Q 402 418 Q 34.8

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 512 466 Q Q Q 648 1,477 Q 26.4

 Other .............................................. 1,130 317 317 Q Q Q 221 Q Q 41.8

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 142 Q Q Q Q 126 705 Q 43.2

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 Q Q Q Q Q 161 360 Q 37.2

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 498 283 Q Q Q 476 905 Q 42.0

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 790 681 Q Q Q 1,244 1,763 Q 25.2

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 1,166 976 Q 235 Q 1,331 2,255 308 17.3

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 2,448 2,166 563 450 Q 2,793 3,060 376 17.5

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 2,994 2,953 955 790 Q 2,741 3,331 790 16.1

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 4,211 4,135 2,617 Q 353 2,060 2,775 318 19.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 1,196 1,218 543 303 114 504 330 56 21.7

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 2,285 1,688 787 907 302 3,436 4,136 340 20.3

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 4,123 3,735 1,190 931 259 3,279 3,944 647 15.6

 South .............................................. 24,577 4,158 4,437 Q Q 132 2,600 3,810 966 19.2

 West ............................................... 12,619 2,846 2,629 1,254 519 193 1,994 2,890 359 14.6

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 13,412 12,489 5,162 3,897 887 11,310 14,734 2,311 11.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 9,805 9,008 3,462 2,488 794 8,665 10,911 1,682 10.2

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 4,971 4,920 2,126 1,698 477 4,148 4,533 673 14.3

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 2,389 2,047 513 583 Q 1,676 1,899 864 19.3

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 1,024 1,028 340 269 Q 644 514 622 24.7

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 313 402 Q Q Q 529 810 Q 31.9

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 46.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 13,412 12,462 5,134 3,897 878 11,248 14,348 2,311 11.3

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 12,933 12,489 4,990 3,774 887 10,667 13,636 2,222 11.5

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 13,323 12,404 5,118 3,897 887 11,030 14,086 2,285 11.4

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 8,753 8,099 3,698 3,172 579 6,788 7,392 1,108 16.0

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 400 328 Q Q Q 712 1,076 Q 30.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 235
Table A61. Energy Management Practices, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.7 1.8 0.8 0.7 1.5

Floors

 One ................................................ 25,424 2,854 2,659 Q Q Q 1,686 3,070 340 19.8

 Two ................................................ 18,025 2,939 2,662 1,254 433 253 3,025 3,842 332 15.5

 Three .............................................. 9,877 1,813 1,619 601 540 Q 1,958 2,571 407 19.2

 Four to Nine ................................... 10,377 3,393 3,249 978 794 197 3,073 3,407 769 16.1

 Ten or More .................................... 4,173 2,413 2,301 853 846 291 1,567 1,889 462 23.4

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 17,944 Q Q Q Q Q 1,073 1,550 Q 27.3

 5 to 9 .............................................. 7,524 334 273 Q Q Q 713 1,073 Q 21.3

 10 to 19 .......................................... 8,077 666 568 Q Q Q 461 1,095 Q 20.0

 20 to 49 .......................................... 10,556 1,498 1,196 254 387 Q 1,630 2,497 281 16.9

 50 to 99 .......................................... 7,763 1,900 1,545 653 349 Q 1,701 2,376 561 19.1

 100 to 249 ...................................... 7,378 3,010 2,986 1,325 949 209 2,303 2,628 245 18.3

 250 or More .................................... 8,633 4,787 4,773 1,776 1,197 458 3,428 3,560 789 16.4

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 8,246 476 252 Q Q Q 660 1,245 Q 26.7

 40 to 48 .......................................... 14,998 2,317 2,119 522 525 Q 1,762 2,496 347 15.7

 49 to 60 .......................................... 14,046 2,679 2,558 731 360 257 1,932 2,811 392 15.2

 61 to 84 .......................................... 12,062 2,796 2,706 1,362 785 129 2,499 3,244 290 15.9

 85 to 167 ........................................ 8,467 2,065 1,647 830 525 Q 2,413 2,044 370 21.4

 Open Continuously ......................... 10,057 3,080 3,207 Q Q 162 2,044 2,938 671 24.2

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 52,752 8,803 8,651 4,305 2,647 734 7,030 10,274 1,534 13.3

 Owner Occupied .......................... 38,403 6,515 6,408 2,660 1,529 592 5,883 8,475 1,398 10.9

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 12,273 2,253 2,243 Q Q Q 1,105 1,753 129 28.9

 Unoccupied .................................. 2,077 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 29.8

 Government Owned ....................... 15,124 4,610 3,838 857 1,250 153 4,279 4,505 777 15.5

Space-Heating Energy Source

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 25,636 6,142 6,142 3,164 Q 365 4,570 6,331 747 17.4

 Natural Gas .................................... 38,524 7,707 7,295 2,721 1,971 536 7,325 8,765 1,340 11.5

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 7,334 1,747 1,502 319 663 Q 2,042 2,248 200 20.5

 District Heat .................................... 5,242 2,349 2,040 492 550 Q 1,607 1,880 864 19.6

 Propane .......................................... 1,568 Q Q Q Q Q 188 222 Q 50.4

 Wood .............................................. 504 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 37.4

 Any Other ....................................... 661 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 98.0

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 54,628 12,115 11,656 4,697 3,465 882 10,015 13,101 1,773 11.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 1,906 413 443 Q Q Q 461 629 Q 41.5

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 1,024 1,028 340 269 Q 644 514 622 24.7

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 25,482 5,493 5,494 2,990 Q 287 3,830 5,518 632 17.0

 Natural Gas .................................... 29,962 6,438 5,892 2,073 1,607 491 6,124 7,085 1,242 11.6

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 2,470 421 227 Q Q Q 616 776 Q 37.4

 District Heat .................................... 3,308 1,799 1,586 354 423 Q 1,135 1,378 445 24.5

 Propane .......................................... 659 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 59.1

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 12,183 5,455 5,183 2,784 2,142 306 3,729 3,562 429 21.4

 Natural Gas .................................... 15,233 5,300 4,802 1,836 1,737 448 4,906 5,155 784 15.7

 Propane .......................................... 1,039 Q Q Q Q Q 231 358 Q 49.2

See footnotes at end of table.

236 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A61. Energy Management Practices, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.7 1.8 0.8 0.7 1.5

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 6,211 Q Q Q Q Q Q 512 Q 43.5

 1 to 50 ............................................ 11,195 644 682 513 Q Q 1,360 1,707 323 35.9

 51 to 99 .......................................... 10,211 2,631 2,358 1,017 749 297 1,878 2,709 289 17.1

 100 ................................................. 40,260 10,138 9,422 3,604 2,847 466 8,010 9,852 1,699 12.9

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 10,835 479 Q Q Q Q 643 1,143 Q 26.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 21,715 2,072 1,459 727 601 Q 3,141 4,763 635 21.0

 51 to 99 .......................................... 13,872 4,634 4,570 1,417 1,138 400 3,605 4,251 489 14.5

 100 ................................................. 21,454 6,228 6,461 2,846 Q 316 3,920 4,622 1,098 17.1

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 3,280 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 26.9

 1 to 50 ............................................ 9,980 331 256 76 Q Q 1,018 1,312 Q 26.9

 51 to 99 .......................................... 14,224 4,293 3,781 2,141 Q 288 3,058 3,996 348 23.7

 100 ................................................. 40,393 8,764 8,448 2,944 1,913 550 7,232 9,411 1,688 10.0

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit ............................................. 34,486 5,410 5,050 2,291 2,140 351 4,414 6,427 1,189 17.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 31,482 7,672 7,095 2,772 1,724 511 6,492 7,909 1,022 11.9

 51 to 99 .......................................... 1,021 254 276 Q Q Q Q 328 Q 44.2

 100 ................................................. 887 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 48.0

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 8,269 1,789 1,865 664 364 162 1,568 2,295 355 19.3

 Furnaces ........................................ 16,909 1,501 1,404 564 Q Q 2,325 2,772 Q 16.6

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 22,380 4,473 4,307 1,616 645 399 4,194 5,725 758 13.4

 District Heat .................................... 5,225 2,349 2,040 492 550 Q 1,607 1,880 864 19.6

 Boilers ............................................ 20,664 6,709 6,163 2,658 2,627 495 5,475 6,211 863 17.5

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 16,000 3,372 3,282 1,641 813 422 3,063 3,568 536 15.3

 Other .............................................. 903 427 427 Q Q Q Q 414 Q 41.6

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 9,021 1,216 1,254 246 Q Q 1,687 1,732 Q 19.9

 Heat Pumps ................................... 8,406 1,648 1,729 581 327 159 1,578 2,261 359 19.1

 Individual Air Conditioners ............. 17,979 3,028 2,473 Q Q Q 3,362 4,490 408 25.7

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 1,024 1,028 340 269 Q 644 514 622 24.7

 Central Chillers ............................... 12,991 7,088 7,255 3,059 2,624 362 4,419 5,027 836 17.5

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ............................................... 27,830 5,858 5,648 2,217 1,196 502 4,951 7,052 1,020 11.5

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 2,085 423 412 Q Q Q 197 363 Q 40.5

 Other .............................................. 268 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 93.7

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 39,221 8,456 7,833 2,901 2,308 746 8,577 9,683 1,586 10.7

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 62,074 13,279 12,379 5,146 3,857 886 11,161 14,501 2,298 11.3

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 8,336 3,450 3,358 1,615 1,153 277 3,657 3,422 623 16.0

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 17,570 5,343 4,970 2,277 1,641 627 5,238 5,745 874 13.3

 Other .............................................. 1,612 371 344 159 Q Q 340 439 Q 42.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 237
Table A61. Energy Management Practices, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Energy Management Control System:

(more than one may apply)

DSM

Participation

Energy

Audit

Building

Energy

Manager

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling Lighting

Hot

Water Other

0.4 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.7 1.8 0.8 0.7 1.5

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System ........................ 31,599 8,669 7,911 2,945 3,016 583 6,484 8,229 1,561 15.7

 Self-Heating Tank ........................ 24,464 5,662 5,253 2,420 2,063 324 4,637 5,654 1,057 19.0

 Heated by Space-Heating

 Equipment .................................... 3,722 1,611 1,352 260 419 Q 832 1,322 Q 26.6

 Other ............................................ 4,032 1,697 1,566 345 572 137 1,224 1,483 372 20.4

 Distributed System ......................... 29,502 6,253 6,098 3,231 Q 367 4,944 6,660 818 16.4

 Residential-Type Storage

 Tank ............................................. 25,809 4,491 4,330 1,919 794 340 3,745 5,761 636 13.8

 Point-of-Use ................................. 3,367 Q Q Q Q Q 1,014 794 Q 59.5

 Other ............................................ 1,259 496 492 268 Q Q 410 453 Q 36.7

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

238 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A62. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Number of Buildings,

 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.7 0.8 0.8 1.5 0.8 1.8

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 3,400 2,872 578 4,089 547 4.7

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 1,845 1,499 277 2,248 299 6.5

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 746 635 127 857 112 6.0

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 469 417 97 569 83 7.1

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 181 169 40 234 26 10.0

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 88 83 24 98 13 9.0

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 49 47 10 61 11 11.8

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 16 15 4 18 3 14.5

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 5 5 1 5 1 22.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 274 231 57 300 32 10.1

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 76 74 Q 100 Q 20.0

 Food Service ................................... 260 209 215 52 241 78 10.2

 Health Care ...................................... 63 42 45 Q 51 Q 21.5

 Lodging ............................................ 154 Q Q Q Q Q 14.5

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 1,056 800 153 1,203 175 6.7

 Office ............................................... 749 628 621 84 722 115 7.8

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 12 10 Q 15 Q 40.1

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 222 182 56 269 23 10.3

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 16 Q Q 19 Q 36.2

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 350 275 62 362 24 12.7

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 368 287 41 591 56 10.0

 Other ................................................ 69 26 24 Q 50 Q 23.8

 Vacant .............................................. 319 111 88 40 151 16 12.8

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 125 100 26 154 19 16.7

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 194 147 29 225 28 14.7

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 513 418 101 619 68 8.8

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 632 540 103 752 97 7.7

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 539 453 102 653 63 8.2

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 702 607 101 838 149 7.8

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 604 532 104 745 109 7.7

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 90 74 12 104 15 18.2

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 570 434 150 671 125 9.8

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 834 628 113 1,034 113 10.5

 South ............................................... 1,963 1,386 1,310 176 1,647 174 7.6

 West ................................................. 870 609 500 139 737 135 12.3

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 3,398 2,872 578 4,079 547 4.7

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 2,140 1,872 353 2,400 327 6.4

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 450 298 102 500 71 11.9

 District Heat ..................................... 95 63 60 13 75 6 16.1

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 20 20 4 23 Q 26.0

 Propane ........................................... 337 274 196 55 304 66 15.8

 Any Other ......................................... 163 130 47 Q 139 Q 17.2

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 239
Table A62. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Number of Buildings,

 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.7 0.8 0.8 1.5 0.8 1.8

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 3,400 2,821 557 3,768 523 4.8

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 2,804 2,872 445 3,168 446 4.8

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 3,502 2,745 2,425 578 3,125 452 4.9

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 560 532 160 639 132 7.4

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 121 98 78 20 111 30 18.1

Floors

 One .................................................. 3,007 2,074 1,733 316 2,528 337 6.3

 Two .................................................. 1,154 888 752 169 1,021 124 5.8

 Three ............................................... 446 309 265 61 380 63 10.3

 Four to Nine ..................................... 186 120 112 29 151 22 13.8

 Ten or More ..................................... 13 9 9 4 9 2 20.4

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 1,733 1,336 268 2,170 236 6.8

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 734 659 110 841 139 6.3

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 448 413 90 521 91 8.1

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 318 305 63 362 49 7.5

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 99 92 30 117 19 10.0

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 47 46 11 54 8 11.7

 250 or More ..................................... 31 21 22 6 25 5 14.0

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 656 485 144 809 57 9.0

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 1,044 884 152 1,247 160 6.5

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 824 700 113 968 157 6.7

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 535 471 89 621 99 6.3

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 340 333 80 444 74 9.2

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 Q Q Q Q Q 10.1

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 4,206 2,991 2,550 505 3,596 495 4.8

 Owner Occupied ............................ 3,192 2,332 1,960 395 2,785 372 5.2

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 817 613 557 82 743 117 8.1

 Unoccupied .................................... 197 46 34 28 68 Q 18.6

 Government Owned ......................... 599 408 321 73 494 52 8.8

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ......................................... 1,107 830 758 155 940 131 7.7

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,276 1,890 1,631 281 2,088 278 6.7

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 394 345 216 73 374 59 13.8

 District Heat ..................................... 91 60 57 12 72 6 16.3

 Propane ........................................... 217 192 133 29 206 39 20.9

 Wood ............................................... 68 61 Q Q 64 Q 28.8

 Any Other ......................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 3,404 2,722 2,790 438 3,077 430 4.8

 Natural Gas ...................................... 106 87 87 10 100 21 13.6

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 20 20 4 23 Q 26.0

See footnotes at end of table.

240 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A62. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Number of Buildings,

 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.7 0.8 0.8 1.5 0.8 1.8

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 1,696 1,341 1,186 298 1,539 214 5.7

 Natural Gas ...................................... 1,647 1,286 1,163 239 1,450 210 7.6

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 126 103 73 39 119 20 19.0

 District Heat ..................................... 38 22 19 6 27 Q 21.4

 Propane ........................................... 80 62 47 17 70 Q 26.8

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 356 260 252 71 306 74 10.2

 Natural Gas ...................................... 431 340 320 91 370 70 9.7

 Propane ........................................... 70 49 48 20 63 Q 22.2

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 653 Q 53 22 340 24 17.1

 1 to 50 .............................................. 688 581 427 94 626 79 8.9

 51 to 99 ............................................ 618 525 452 78 561 102 8.2

 100 ................................................... 2,846 2,280 1,939 385 2,562 342 5.1

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 1,304 596 Q 133 922 101 8.7

 1 to 50 .............................................. 1,176 964 1,001 172 1,090 156 6.3

 51 to 99 ............................................ 658 517 535 77 580 101 8.5

 100 ................................................... 1,668 1,323 1,335 195 1,498 189 6.6

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit .............................................. 413 67 41 30 101 Q 17.0

 1 to 50 .............................................. 881 645 498 84 802 82 7.7

 51 to 99 ............................................ 813 648 562 114 752 121 7.2

 100 ................................................... 2,699 2,040 1,771 350 2,434 338 5.4

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit .............................................. 2,987 1,884 1,475 322 2,345 286 6.1

 1 to 50 .............................................. 1,689 1,435 1,326 238 1,662 253 5.6

 51 to 99 ............................................ 43 32 30 Q 34 Q 22.6

 100 ................................................... 87 49 41 Q 48 Q 23.2

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 449 335 328 64 392 43 12.0

 Furnaces .......................................... 1,692 1,437 1,191 199 1,575 215 6.8

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 1,187 881 154 1,289 200 7.6

 District Heat ..................................... 93 61 59 13 73 6 16.1

 Boilers .............................................. 624 477 388 127 546 88 6.6

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 870 721 712 131 795 122 9.4

 Other ................................................ 42 30 27 Q 36 Q 32.7

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 816 673 687 86 757 98 10.2

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 454 337 334 63 397 43 11.9

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 1,023 787 825 123 899 138 7.6

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 20 20 4 23 Q 26.0

 Central Chillers ................................ 142 103 106 28 118 16 13.2

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,459 1,178 1,214 187 1,331 195 7.0

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 179 149 152 23 167 27 24.6

 Other ................................................ 8 Q Q Q 8 Q 59.2

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 241
Table A62. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Number of Buildings,

 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.7 0.8 0.8 1.5 0.8 1.8

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent ................................... 2,509 1,862 1,559 331 2,231 334 5.8

 Standard Fluorescent ...................... 4,065 3,144 2,696 520 3,709 522 4.6

 Compact Fluorescent ....................... 206 157 139 36 174 42 13.3

 High-Intensity Discharge .................. 354 258 229 43 316 53 8.4

 Other ................................................ 78 66 61 8 76 21 19.4

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System .......................... 1,994 1,550 1,345 332 1,788 299 7.9

 Self-Heating Tank .......................... 1,799 1,405 1,215 292 1,623 277 8.5

 Heated by Space-Heating

 Equipment ..................................... 103 84 72 18 92 19 18.8

 Other .............................................. 106 69 63 26 82 4 20.5

 Distributed System ........................... 1,557 1,233 1,111 258 1,379 157 8.1

 Residential-Type Storage

 Tank .............................................. 1,489 1,188 1,069 246 1,327 153 8.4

 Point-of-Use Heaters ..................... 56 42 41 11 45 7 17.0

 Other .............................................. 24 12 10 2 16 Q 23.3

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............. 4,357 3,243 2,761 568 3,812 523 4.9

 Building Shell ................................... 4,223 3,146 2,683 555 3,698 508 5.0

 HVAC ............................................... 2,604 2,046 1,807 377 2,327 327 5.3

 Lighting ............................................ 1,178 907 813 189 1,036 163 6.5

 Other ................................................ 264 215 179 38 229 42 12.2

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 3,400 3,400 2,736 544 3,349 486 4.9

 Cooling ............................................. 2,872 2,736 2,872 435 2,827 407 4.9

 Hot Water ......................................... 578 544 435 578 574 106 7.7

 Lighting ............................................ 4,089 3,349 2,827 574 4,089 541 4.7

 Other ................................................ 547 486 407 106 541 547 10.1

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for

explanation of abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey.

242 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A63. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Floorspace,

 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.9

All Buildings ..................................... 67,876 46,248 42,768 9,966 54,944 7,996 4.7

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 7,327 5,109 4,160 813 6,183 839 7.0

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 7,199 5,502 4,691 968 6,328 803 5.9

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 10,375 7,504 6,690 1,546 9,130 1,333 6.8

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 10,069 6,566 6,097 1,463 8,460 872 10.2

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 8,062 6,191 5,824 1,664 6,850 935 8.9

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 9,678 6,622 6,368 1,353 8,245 1,435 11.5

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 7,889 4,637 4,643 1,210 5,300 817 14.6

 Over 500,000 ................................... 7,278 4,118 4,295 949 4,448 962 21.4

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 8,470 7,703 6,846 2,567 8,368 1,117 8.8

 Food Sales ....................................... 757 359 352 Q 529 Q 23.0

 Food Service ................................... 1,491 1,165 1,177 277 1,370 435 12.1

 Health Care ...................................... 1,763 420 440 Q 477 Q 20.7

 Lodging ............................................ 2,891 Q Q Q Q Q 17.2

 Mercantile and Service .................... 12,402 10,411 9,412 1,831 11,888 1,684 11.1

 Office ............................................... 12,319 10,221 10,153 2,179 11,612 2,052 7.5

 Parking Garage ................................ 1,652 224 180 Q 360 Q 40.7

 Public Assembly .............................. 4,556 2,856 2,562 738 3,299 229 15.6

 Public Order and Safety ................... 820 158 Q Q 188 Q 31.8

 Religious Worship ............................ 3,747 3,467 2,967 553 3,628 183 16.0

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 11,484 6,828 6,283 1,012 9,796 1,334 13.2

 Other ................................................ 1,130 512 603 Q 829 Q 22.8

 Vacant .............................................. 4,396 1,853 1,555 457 2,453 681 20.2

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 1,721 1,231 1,047 193 1,615 182 16.6

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 3,608 2,571 2,183 433 3,158 644 20.4

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 8,712 5,927 5,264 1,345 7,275 1,138 14.5

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 10,421 7,385 6,666 1,447 8,738 1,199 9.3

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 12,612 8,816 8,373 2,070 10,456 1,142 10.5

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 14,014 9,221 8,756 1,947 10,971 1,711 7.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 14,287 9,235 8,776 2,153 10,724 1,589 10.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 2,502 1,862 1,703 380 2,007 390 16.0

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 13,400 9,784 8,647 3,239 11,022 2,092 11.7

 Midwest ............................................ 17,280 11,672 10,289 1,513 13,927 1,101 8.7

 South ............................................... 24,577 15,849 15,770 3,068 19,511 2,784 7.4

 West ................................................. 12,619 8,943 8,062 2,146 10,483 2,019 8.8

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 66,549 46,241 42,768 9,966 54,790 7,996 4.8

 Natural Gas ...................................... 45,097 33,985 31,820 7,212 38,038 5,361 5.9

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 13,218 8,778 8,045 3,172 9,855 1,546 8.9

 District Heat ..................................... 5,339 2,877 2,703 597 3,208 474 15.2

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 1,058 1,061 326 1,149 Q 21.7

 Propane ........................................... 3,393 2,420 2,039 630 2,719 564 15.8

 Any Other ......................................... 1,551 1,182 824 Q 1,285 Q 28.9

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 243
Table A63. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Floorspace,

 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.9

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 61,996 46,248 42,090 9,854 51,638 7,839 4.9

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 57,041 41,926 42,768 8,831 47,342 7,291 5.1

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 58,479 42,817 40,185 9,966 48,476 7,424 5.0

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 23,065 15,994 15,633 4,555 17,764 2,854 8.1

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 3,174 2,453 2,277 438 2,703 712 16.0

Floors

 One .................................................. 25,424 17,330 15,529 2,961 21,177 3,303 7.0

 Two .................................................. 18,025 14,059 12,948 2,892 15,994 2,071 7.3

 Three ............................................... 9,877 6,751 6,435 1,503 8,169 1,008 9.8

 Four to Nine ..................................... 10,377 5,181 4,887 1,513 6,520 957 12.3

 Ten or More ..................................... 4,173 2,927 2,968 1,098 3,085 657 18.8

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 17,944 9,628 7,658 1,602 12,716 1,151 8.6

 5 to 9 ................................................ 7,524 5,842 5,193 904 6,833 1,055 8.3

 10 to 19 ............................................ 8,077 5,649 5,169 1,216 7,168 1,067 9.2

 20 to 49 ............................................ 10,556 8,030 7,747 1,724 9,110 1,235 8.4

 50 to 99 ............................................ 7,763 6,026 5,799 1,366 6,733 1,234 12.5

 100 to 249 ........................................ 7,378 5,194 5,108 1,363 5,861 1,054 13.8

 250 or More ..................................... 8,633 5,878 6,095 1,791 6,523 1,199 14.0

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 8,246 5,241 4,078 1,500 6,324 695 11.9

 40 to 48 ............................................ 14,998 11,764 10,698 2,409 14,685 1,877 7.0

 49 to 60 ............................................ 14,046 12,021 11,114 2,356 13,832 2,284 7.0

 61 to 84 ............................................ 12,062 10,403 10,219 2,277 11,916 2,062 10.4

 85 to 167 .......................................... 8,467 6,819 6,660 1,425 8,187 1,078 11.6

 Open Continuously .......................... 10,057 Q Q Q Q Q 17.6

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................... 52,752 35,676 33,041 7,052 43,036 6,228 5.3

 Owner Occupied ............................ 38,403 26,466 24,214 5,029 31,884 4,231 4.8

 Nonowner Occupied ...................... 12,273 8,684 8,430 1,765 10,338 1,939 10.5

 Unoccupied .................................... 2,077 526 398 258 814 Q 21.8

 Government Owned ......................... 15,124 10,572 9,727 2,914 11,908 1,767 8.9

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ......................................... 15,502 10,439 9,788 2,604 11,948 1,913 8.8

 Natural Gas ...................................... 35,161 27,746 25,608 5,139 30,879 4,426 6.8

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 4,415 3,707 2,935 1,300 4,004 680 15.7

 District Heat ..................................... 5,014 2,659 2,489 564 2,971 458 16.0

 Propane ........................................... 1,101 955 734 170 1,049 276 23.2

 Wood ............................................... 257 218 Q Q 242 Q 24.0

 Any Other ......................................... 546 525 Q Q 546 Q 58.7

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 54,628 40,349 41,173 8,479 45,643 7,000 5.2

 Natural Gas ...................................... 1,906 1,329 1,320 186 1,534 501 20.0

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 1,058 1,061 326 1,149 Q 21.7

See footnotes at end of table.

244 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A63. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Floorspace,

 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.9

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 25,482 18,864 18,052 4,279 22,061 3,497 7.6

 Natural Gas ...................................... 29,962 21,990 20,532 4,908 24,389 3,609 6.9

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 2,470 2,008 1,623 964 2,107 367 20.9

 District Heat ..................................... 3,308 1,739 1,651 387 1,980 Q 20.0

 Propane ........................................... 659 557 454 270 581 Q 31.1

Cooking Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 12,183 8,627 8,325 2,430 9,461 1,811 12.0

 Natural Gas ...................................... 15,233 10,693 10,612 2,985 11,858 1,631 10.1

 Propane ........................................... 1,039 729 710 288 820 Q 29.0

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 6,211 Q 771 115 3,551 156 22.6

 1 to 50 .............................................. 11,195 8,552 7,616 1,340 9,474 1,725 13.5

 51 to 99 ............................................ 10,211 8,053 7,616 1,926 8,837 1,765 9.0

 100 ................................................... 40,260 29,493 26,765 6,585 33,082 4,350 5.1

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 10,835 4,322 Q 1,135 7,602 704 10.5

 1 to 50 .............................................. 21,715 16,548 16,782 3,304 18,829 3,095 8.0

 51 to 99 ............................................ 13,872 10,204 10,766 2,410 11,369 1,993 9.4

 100 ................................................... 21,454 15,174 15,221 3,117 17,144 2,204 7.0

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit .............................................. 3,280 549 376 261 931 Q 21.0

 1 to 50 .............................................. 9,980 7,112 6,132 941 9,075 1,117 10.5

 51 to 99 ............................................ 14,224 10,292 9,896 2,617 11,767 1,611 8.2

 100 ................................................... 40,393 28,295 26,364 6,147 33,171 5,205 5.9

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit .............................................. 34,486 17,880 15,259 3,706 22,449 2,900 6.6

 1 to 50 .............................................. 31,482 27,215 26,285 5,934 31,126 4,871 5.8

 51 to 99 ............................................ 1,021 748 827 Q 903 Q 22.4

 100 ................................................... 887 405 398 Q 466 Q 25.8

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,269 5,587 5,605 1,275 6,607 754 10.5

 Furnaces .......................................... 16,909 14,148 12,673 1,850 15,547 2,412 8.2

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 22,380 16,889 15,017 2,635 18,578 3,427 7.5

 District Heat ..................................... 5,225 2,830 2,663 586 3,146 474 15.3

 Boilers .............................................. 20,664 14,367 13,369 4,512 16,319 2,301 7.5

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 16,000 12,862 12,835 2,623 14,078 2,221 9.6

 Other ................................................ 903 564 542 Q 647 Q 29.3

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 9,021 7,011 7,147 1,126 7,900 1,102 9.3

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,406 5,753 5,822 1,330 6,732 773 10.3

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 17,979 11,708 12,112 2,306 13,493 2,177 10.4

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 1,058 1,061 326 1,149 Q 21.7

 Central Chillers ................................ 12,991 7,870 8,233 2,525 8,883 1,575 10.1

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 27,830 20,867 21,335 4,190 23,440 3,983 6.5

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 2,085 1,614 1,639 253 1,758 Q 24.9

 Other ................................................ 268 Q Q Q 237 Q 52.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 245
Table A63. Reduction in Equipment Use During Off Hours, Floorspace,

 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heating Cooling

Hot

Water Lighting Other

0.8 0.8 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.9

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent ................................... 39,221 27,823 25,769 6,665 32,756 4,989 6.0

 Standard Fluorescent ...................... 62,074 44,726 41,757 9,483 51,840 7,831 4.8

 Compact Fluorescent ....................... 8,336 5,812 5,617 1,659 6,317 1,170 11.5

 High-Intensity Discharge .................. 17,570 12,443 11,986 3,081 14,013 2,170 9.5

 Other ................................................ 1,612 1,208 1,150 158 1,325 228 20.2

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System .......................... 31,599 21,660 20,206 5,736 25,008 4,100 6.6

 Self-Heating Tank .......................... 24,464 16,996 15,694 4,453 19,951 3,368 7.7

 Heated by Space-Heating

 Equipment ..................................... 3,722 2,410 2,303 604 2,577 484 19.4

 Other .............................................. 4,032 2,435 2,379 754 2,723 264 16.6

 Distributed System ........................... 29,502 22,288 21,047 4,556 24,757 3,618 7.8

 Residential-Type Storage

 Tank .............................................. 25,809 20,255 19,122 4,167 22,633 3,312 7.9

 Point-of-Use Heaters ..................... 3,367 1,932 1,849 332 2,009 Q 29.1

 Other .............................................. 1,259 723 688 151 767 Q 24.3

Energy Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Any Conservation Features ............. 64,403 45,323 42,049 9,901 52,836 7,887 4.9

 Building Shell ................................... 62,056 44,055 40,921 9,745 51,227 7,741 4.9

 HVAC ............................................... 50,281 36,041 34,136 8,391 40,914 5,783 4.9

 Lighting ............................................ 29,453 20,997 20,334 4,955 23,627 3,616 6.6

 Other ................................................ 5,952 4,236 3,851 982 4,467 783 10.0

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 46,248 46,248 40,965 9,705 45,945 7,182 4.9

 Cooling ............................................. 42,768 40,965 42,768 8,608 42,420 6,617 5.2

 Hot Water ......................................... 9,966 9,705 8,608 9,966 9,929 2,040 7.1

 Lighting ............................................ 54,944 45,945 42,420 9,929 54,944 7,957 4.6

 Other ................................................ 7,996 7,182 6,617 2,040 7,957 7,996 12.2

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for

explanation of abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey.

246 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A64. Participation in Lighting Demand-Side Management (DSM) Program,

 Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

Lighting

DSM

Programs

Type of Lighting Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.3 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.8

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 315 228 73 98 105 30 10.2

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 103 75 18 32 36 Q 17.8

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 66 47 17 26 24 Q 18.8

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 68 46 14 20 18 Q 16.7

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 30 25 10 10 11 Q 18.1

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 23 16 7 5 8 Q 16.9

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 14 9 3 2 4 3 20.1

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26983232 21.2

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 2 2 1 1 1 Q 22.2

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 54 37 16 14 24 5 19.3

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q Q Q Q Q Q 38.9

 Food Service ................................. 260 24 18 Q Q Q Q 25.7

 Health Care .................................... 63 11 10 Q Q 6 Q 35.0

 Lodging .......................................... 154 21 18 Q Q Q Q 30.4

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 50 40 14 18 15 Q 22.6

 Office .............................................. 749 62 47 21 26 17 6 16.8

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 Q Q Q Q Q Q 67.6

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 24 14 Q Q Q Q 22.1

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q Q Q Q Q Q 53.3

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 15 Q Q Q Q Q 31.1

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 24 17 Q Q 9 Q 29.4

 Other .............................................. 69 Q Q Q Q Q Q 46.5

 Vacant ............................................ 319 7 Q Q Q Q Q 36.4

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 12 9 Q Q Q Q 39.5

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 18 14 Q Q Q Q 34.5

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 45 36 11 18 17 Q 24.3

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 55 42 16 11 16 Q 18.6

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 53 39 8 14 25 4 19.8

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 74 53 15 24 24 8 17.7

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 51 31 10 18 12 5 20.5

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 7 4 2 1 Q Q 35.2

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 99 85 30 41 45 9 18.3

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 68 49 14 10 32 4 21.8

 South .............................................. 1,963 72 44 10 22 7 10 20.7

 West ............................................... 870 75 50 19 25 21 8 20.9

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 315 228 73 98 105 30 10.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 195 144 55 55 69 19 12.3

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 65 50 16 25 20 6 18.1

 District Heat .................................... 95 30 21 4 9 14 3 25.1

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 11 6 Q 4 Q Q 40.5

 Propane .......................................... 337 18 14 Q Q Q Q 35.7

 Any Other ....................................... 163 Q Q Q Q Q Q 33.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 247
Table A64. Participation in Lighting Demand-Side Management (DSM) Program,

 Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

Lighting

DSM

Programs

Type of Lighting Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.3 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.8

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 229 165 50 75 79 19 11.9

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 199 146 42 68 73 17 12.5

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 27 19 8 7 7 Q 24.9

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 Q Q Q Q Q Q 30.5

 Government Owned ....................... 599 86 62 22 23 25 11 17.8

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

248 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A65. Participation in Lighting Demand-Side Management (DSM) Program,

 Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

Lighting

DSM

Programs

Type of Lighting Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.4 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.1 2.1

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 11,310 8,805 3,168 2,691 3,785 1,946 9.3

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 321 225 60 94 113 Q 18.9

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 485 345 130 188 175 Q 19.0

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 1,075 704 225 302 298 Q 16.9

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 1,105 951 373 385 427 Q 18.2

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 1,581 1,128 501 357 549 Q 17.5

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 1,960 1,235 468 322 584 390 20.5

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 2,548 2,247 854 544 1,018 445 21.7

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 2,235 1,970 557 499 620 Q 21.6

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 2,560 1,933 791 608 1,083 293 19.9

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 Q Q Q Q Q Q 39.4

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 159 112 Q Q Q Q 30.8

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 911 715 Q Q 343 Q 25.3

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 707 515 Q Q Q Q 34.7

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 1,728 1,482 368 292 311 Q 26.2

 Office .............................................. 12,319 2,707 2,062 924 888 901 347 13.0

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 Q Q Q Q Q Q 67.3

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 700 432 Q Q Q Q 34.2

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 Q Q Q Q Q Q 58.8

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 402 Q Q Q Q Q 39.7

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 648 537 Q Q 256 Q 25.1

 Other .............................................. 1,130 221 194 Q Q Q Q 43.5

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 126 Q Q Q Q Q 37.8

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 161 144 Q Q Q Q 34.5

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 476 374 Q Q Q Q 35.6

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 1,244 871 364 270 431 Q 22.6

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 1,331 1,105 420 233 489 Q 21.9

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 2,793 2,236 528 655 869 991 20.3

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 2,741 2,314 943 655 984 424 16.3

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 2,060 1,359 514 497 589 161 17.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 504 402 255 142 131 Q 26.0

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 3,436 3,014 1,018 1,001 1,597 Q 16.2

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 3,279 2,620 1,068 537 1,039 448 18.9

 South .............................................. 24,577 2,600 1,740 562 559 433 478 17.6

 West ............................................... 12,619 1,994 1,431 520 594 715 310 14.8

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 11,310 8,805 3,168 2,691 3,785 1,946 9.3

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 8,665 6,855 2,494 2,046 2,831 1,602 11.2

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 4,148 3,410 1,173 1,148 1,653 669 13.0

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 1,676 1,305 497 349 747 391 20.0

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 644 479 Q 139 124 Q 31.2

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 529 427 Q Q Q Q 33.6

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 Q Q Q Q Q Q 46.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 249
Table A65. Participation in Lighting Demand-Side Management (DSM) Program,

 Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

Lighting

DSM

Programs

Type of Lighting Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.4 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.1 2.1

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 52,752 7,030 5,492 1,994 1,829 2,418 946 9.2

 Owner Occupied .......................... 38,403 5,883 4,691 1,755 1,617 2,077 849 9.6

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 12,273 1,105 772 239 183 341 Q 23.8

 Unoccupied .................................. 2,077 Q Q Q Q Q Q 30.2

 Government Owned ....................... 15,124 4,279 3,313 1,174 862 1,366 1,000 17.6

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

250 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A66. Participation in Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Demand-Side

 Management (DSM) Program, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

HVAC

DSM

Programs

Type of HVAC Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.3 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.5

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 315 154 56 60 48 43 10.5

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 103 46 20 18 20 Q 18.9

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 66 30 Q Q Q Q 17.9

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 68 36 11 16 Q 11 17.7

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 30 14 Q 6 Q Q 19.5

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 23 12 4 4 2 4 19.5

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 14 9 4 3 3 4 19.7

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26952212 25.2

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 2 2 (*) 1 1 (*) 27.0

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 54 32 10 8 17 7 22.0

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q Q Q Q Q Q 41.5

 Food Service ................................. 260 24 Q Q Q Q Q 26.7

 Health Care .................................... 63 11 4 Q Q Q 2 32.1

 Lodging .......................................... 154 21 8 Q Q Q Q 34.2

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 50 21 Q 12 Q Q 22.8

 Office .............................................. 749 62 27 13 12 5 8 19.5

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 Q Q Q Q Q Q 72.2

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 24 15 Q Q Q Q 24.1

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q Q Q Q Q Q 56.9

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 15 Q Q Q Q Q 33.2

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 24 13 Q Q Q Q 28.7

 Other .............................................. 69 Q Q Q Q Q Q 49.6

 Vacant ............................................ 319 7 Q Q Q Q Q 38.9

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 12 Q Q Q Q Q 39.9

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 18 7 Q Q Q Q 37.3

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 45 14 8 Q Q Q 26.8

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 55 24 6 Q 10 4 22.2

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 53 29 8 10 10 8 22.6

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 74 43 19 14 6 12 20.1

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 51 27 8 15 12 8 21.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 7 Q 1 Q Q Q 40.4

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 99 30 11 13 7 11 21.1

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 68 33 13 10 9 10 19.1

 South .............................................. 1,963 72 49 18 19 13 9 21.5

 West ............................................... 870 75 41 14 19 19 13 20.5

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 315 154 56 60 48 43 10.4

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 195 92 38 33 31 27 11.6

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 65 32 7 13 4 11 21.5

 District Heat .................................... 95 30 16 4 8 6 5 28.9

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 11 6 Q Q Q Q 46.4

 Propane .......................................... 337 18 8 Q Q Q Q 40.2

 Any Other ....................................... 163 Q Q Q Q Q Q 35.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 251
Table A66. Participation in Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Demand-Side

 Management (DSM) Program, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

HVAC

DSM

Programs

Type of HVAC Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.3 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.5

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 4,206 229 104 41 44 27 30 11.7

 Owner Occupied .......................... 3,192 199 89 34 37 22 26 12.3

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 817 27 13 7 5 5 Q 25.4

 Unoccupied .................................. 197 Q Q Q Q Q Q 32.6

 Government Owned ....................... 599 86 49 15 16 21 13 19.9

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

252 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A67. Participation in Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Demand-Side

 Management (DSM) Program, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

HVAC

DSM

Programs

Type of HVAC Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.4 0.7 0.9 1.4 1.1 1.6 1.5

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 11,310 6,370 2,389 2,395 1,775 2,086 9.9

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 321 152 69 60 70 Q 19.7

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 485 222 Q Q Q Q 16.7

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 1,075 595 186 247 Q 177 17.6

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 1,105 541 Q 229 Q Q 19.9

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 1,581 843 289 321 154 320 19.5

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 1,960 1,236 553 449 361 529 20.3

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 2,548 1,490 636 502 312 537 25.4

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 2,235 1,291 430 509 498 274 23.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 2,560 1,434 595 547 358 522 22.6

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 Q Q Q Q Q Q 41.7

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 159 Q Q Q Q Q 30.8

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 911 663 Q Q Q 410 27.5

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 707 510 Q Q Q Q 36.9

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 1,728 690 Q 287 Q Q 25.3

 Office .............................................. 12,319 2,707 1,696 730 697 370 417 14.0

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 Q Q Q Q Q Q 71.2

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 700 461 Q Q Q Q 35.1

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 Q Q Q Q Q Q 62.2

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 402 Q Q Q Q Q 42.0

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 648 320 Q Q Q Q 28.8

 Other .............................................. 1,130 221 Q Q Q Q Q 44.2

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 126 Q Q Q Q Q 40.0

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 161 Q Q Q Q Q 35.6

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 476 189 Q Q Q Q 38.3

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 1,244 741 350 Q Q Q 29.3

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 1,331 629 182 Q 159 180 21.1

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 2,793 1,497 369 642 308 638 19.3

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 2,741 1,637 796 417 480 494 20.1

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 2,060 1,289 436 554 388 368 19.1

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 504 330 196 207 141 142 26.7

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 3,436 1,386 601 672 546 357 19.4

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 3,279 1,988 742 675 393 649 20.5

 South .............................................. 24,577 2,600 1,777 566 555 299 619 17.5

 West ............................................... 12,619 1,994 1,220 479 495 537 461 16.3

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 11,310 6,370 2,389 2,395 1,775 2,086 9.9

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 8,665 4,910 1,806 1,670 1,343 1,679 11.3

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 4,148 2,818 797 1,076 872 1,084 14.3

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 1,676 966 410 437 341 317 22.7

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 644 418 Q 225 131 178 25.8

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 529 365 Q Q Q Q 35.6

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 Q Q Q Q Q Q 49.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 253
Table A67. Participation in Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Demand-Side

 Management (DSM) Program, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Any

DSM

Programs

All

Buildings

with

HVAC

DSM

Programs

Type of HVAC Assistance

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

General

Information

Site-Specific

Information Incentives Other

0.4 0.7 0.9 1.4 1.1 1.6 1.5

Ownership and Occupancy

 Nongovernment Owned ................. 52,752 7,030 4,120 1,473 1,477 1,196 1,177 9.5

 Owner Occupied .......................... 38,403 5,883 3,407 1,232 1,271 948 1,008 10.3

 Nonowner Occupied ..................... 12,273 1,105 701 241 193 248 Q 24.2

 Unoccupied .................................. 2,077 Q Q Q Q Q Q 31.9

 Government Owned ....................... 15,124 4,279 2,250 915 919 578 909 19.4

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

254 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992