Total 

Floorspace a

Heated

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Cooled

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Lit 

Floorspace b

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 53,473 56,940 41,788 62,060 51,342

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 5,668 4,988 5,007 4,017 6,038 4,826

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,786 5,010 5,408 3,978 6,090 4,974

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 10,387 8,865 9,922 6,927 11,229 8,618

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 8,060 7,260 7,776 5,663 8,297 6,544

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,718 7,815 8,331 5,665 8,912 7,548

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,710 8,012 8,339 6,462 8,732 7,470

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,907 6,458 6,565 4,702 6,946 6,158

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,792 5,065 5,591 4,375 5,816 5,204

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,755 9,521 9,200 7,211 9,870 8,983

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,131 998 1,198 911 1,237 1,129

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,608 1,415 1,583 1,325 1,650 1,391

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,100 2,982 3,157 2,934 3,163 2,937

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 1,846 1,899 1,763 1,905 1,788

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,195 1,137 1,258 1,171 1,258 1,149

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,994 4,719 4,841 4,082 5,096 3,901

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,075 3,451 4,079 3,147 4,315 3,795

Office ................................................ 12,208 11,929 11,184 12,032 10,721 12,208 10,846

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,777 3,463 3,477 2,791 3,917 2,807

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,083 1,043 1,043 884 1,074 940

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,581 3,344 3,301 2,733 3,754 2,419

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,687 3,202 3,261 1,504 3,911 3,348

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 8,126 5,341 7,295 2,074 9,125 7,136

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,691 1,585 1,636 1,075 1,721 1,582

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,491 1,226 836 396 1020 129

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,667 3,069 2,891 1,774 3,554 2,448

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 6,236 5,546 4,919 3,097 6,367 5,127

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,534 5,972 6,045 4,109 6,727 5,331

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 7,510 6,991 7,125 5,137 7,972 6,371

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 10,223 9,261 9,973 7,467 10,381 8,960

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 9,808 8,750 9,836 7,859 10,087 8,688

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 11,254 9,876 11,304 8,568 11,828 10,119

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,796 4,008 4,848 3,777 5,144 4,298

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 12,596 11,393 10,954 7,080 12,559 9,957

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 16,331 15,191 14,484 10,103 16,246 13,044

South ................................................ 23,489 20,998 18,226 21,553 17,175 22,325 19,043

West ................................................. 11,310 10,102 8,663 9,950 7,429 10,930 9,299

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 10,109 9,095 8,550 5,654 10,108 7,999

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 16,720 15,635 14,524 10,287 16,676 13,715

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 11,239 9,961 10,946 7,760 11,228 9,235

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 13,965 12,120 13,977 10,810 14,947 12,821

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,995 6,661 8,943 7,278 9,102 7,572

Table B37. Heated, Cooled, and Lit Buildings, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Heated Buildings Cooled Buildings Lit Buildings c

Total 

Floorspace

in All 

Buildings*

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 189

Released: Dec 2006

Next CBECS will be conducted in 2007
Total 

Floorspace a

Heated

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Cooled

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Lit 

Floorspace b

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 53,473 56,940 41,788 62,060 51,342

Table B37. Heated, Cooled, and Lit Buildings, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Heated Buildings Cooled Buildings Lit Buildings c

Total 

Floorspace

in All 

Buildings*

Number of Floors

One ................................................... 25,981 22,744 19,672 21,419 14,604 24,288 20,535

Two ................................................... 16,270 15,408 13,614 14,544 10,315 15,752 12,377

Three ................................................ 7,501 7,198 6,477 6,437 4,841 7,242 5,705

Four to Nine ...................................... 10,085 9,744 9,115 9,673 7,685 9,831 8,300

Ten or More ...................................... 4,947 4,933 4,595 4,867 4,343 4,947 4,425

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 12,182 10,134 9,591 6,482 12,835 8,434

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,822 4,977 5,726 3,991 6,143 4,622

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,410 6,455 7,304 4,709 7,791 6,400

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,822 9,727 10,566 7,410 10,959 9,559

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,650 7,055 7,428 5,565 7,934 7,015

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,766 6,361 6,806 5,627 6,871 6,497

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,376 8,765 9,519 8,004 9,528 8,815

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,246 4,505 3,998 3,000 4,922 3,149

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 10,928 9,706 10,508 7,649 11,515 9,402

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 14,763 12,900 13,757 9,687 15,625 12,909

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 10,012 8,917 9,691 6,780 10,312 9,037

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,680 5,944 6,708 4,592 6,906 6,143

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,399 11,502 12,277 10,081 12,781 10,703

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 1,222 1,016 585 286 676 36

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 QQQQQQ

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 11,491 10,179 11,084 8,430 12,062 9,884

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 47,046 42,069 45,019 32,962 48,978 41,330

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 59,991 53,450 56,925 41,787 62,060 51,342

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 42,974 38,973 41,023 29,979 42,950 35,822

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 14,942 13,695 13,890 10,538 15,037 12,744

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 5,378 5,259 4,653 4,100 5,319 4,818

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 2,630 2,853 2,682 2,819 2,518

Propane ............................................ 7,076 6,790 5,768 5,713 3,373 6,990 5,718

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,399 1,296 1,225 783 1,370 1,158

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 28,600 28,600 24,717 27,509 20,877 28,358 23,659

Natural Gas ...................................... 36,959 36,959 33,306 34,725 24,924 36,482 30,599

Fuel Oil ............................................. 5,988 5,988 5,346 4,804 2,839 5,954 4,561

District Heat ...................................... 5,198 5,198 5,079 4,408 3,894 5,074 4,589

Propane ............................................ 3,204 3,204 2,779 2,499 1,672 3,143 2,443

Other ................................................ 842 842 756 667 347 811 698

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 15,996 15,996 13,314 15,562 12,446 15,887 13,338

Natural Gas ...................................... 32,970 32,970 29,900 30,808 21,977 32,500 27,190

Fuel Oil ............................................. 3,818 3,818 3,384 2,836 1,425 3,800 2,717

District Heat ...................................... 4,907 4,907 4,805 4,147 3,683 4,783 4,305

Propane ............................................ 1,955 1,955 1,721 1,553 1,027 1,894 1,516

Other ................................................ 382 382 349 282 135 351 313

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 190

CONTINUED
Total 

Floorspace a

Heated

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Cooled

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Lit 

Floorspace b

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 53,473 56,940 41,788 62,060 51,342

Table B37. Heated, Cooled, and Lit Buildings, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Heated Buildings Cooled Buildings Lit Buildings c

Total 

Floorspace

in All 

Buildings*

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 54,321 52,584 46,884 54,321 39,413 54,056 45,376

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,018 1,018 958 1,018 904 1,018 882

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 2,630 2,853 2,682 2,819 2,518

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 60,028 53,473 55,188 40,694 59,215 49,379

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 55,188 49,335 56,940 41,788 56,661 47,647

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 55,154 49,850 53,232 39,678 56,011 46,938

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 21,725 20,737 21,451 17,514 22,166 18,993

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,072 2,451 2,655 1,206 3,097 2,537

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ...................................... 12,821 12,635 11,902 12,746 10,689 12,745 11,468

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 N N 1,752 1,095 2,845 1,963

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 6,850 1,844 6,013 1,958 6,665 4,279

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 8,107 6,558 7,768 5,216 8,064 6,590

100 ................................................... 45,071 45,071 45,071 41,407 33,519 44,486 38,510

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 7,843 4,839 4,138 N N 5,400 3,695

1 to 50 .............................................. 16,598 15,852 11,652 16,598 3,957 16,479 12,756

51 to 99 ............................................. 13,211 12,888 11,704 13,211 10,699 13,197 10,948

100 ................................................... 27,132 26,448 25,978 27,132 27,132 26,984 23,943

Percent Lit When Open

Zero .................................................. 293 QQQQQQ

1 to 50 .............................................. 10,203 9,295 6,974 8,535 5,094 10,203 3,454

51 to 99 ............................................. 18,288 17,648 16,043 17,132 13,144 18,288 15,056

100 ................................................... 32,789 31,575 29,245 30,559 23,192 32,789 32,789

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 3,210 1,443 1,172 658 323 754 43

Percent Lit When Closed

Zero .................................................. 17,385 15,724 13,502 13,741 9,332 16,238 12,794

1 to 50 .............................................. 30,948 29,929 26,641 28,899 20,816 30,948 25,794

51 to 100 ........................................... 2,093 1,939 1,805 2,008 1,559 2,093 2,051

Building Never Closed/

 Electricity Not Used ......................... 14,357 12,436 11,525 12,292 10,082 12,781 10,703

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 8,814 8,030 8,780 7,334 8,791 7,742

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 5,442 4,994 5,430 4,638 5,419 4,859

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 2,581 2,288 2,559 1,959 2,581 2,242

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 2,691 2,572 2,691 2,410 2,691 2,346

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 19,615 17,143 17,494 11,616 19,373 15,496

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 12,545 10,714 11,526 7,689 12,380 9,869

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 5,166 5,047 4,376 3,862 5,042 4,559

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 20,423 19,351 19,051 14,256 20,201 17,076

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 18,021 15,675 17,745 13,374 17,831 15,311

Other ................................................ 3,262 3,262 2,939 2,961 2,050 3,213 2,792

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 191

CONTINUED
Total 

Floorspace a

Heated

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Cooled

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Lit 

Floorspace b

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 53,473 56,940 41,788 62,060 51,342

Table B37. Heated, Cooled, and Lit Buildings, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Heated Buildings Cooled Buildings Lit Buildings c

Total 

Floorspace

in All 

Buildings*

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 11,035 10,617 9,180 11,035 7,204 10,960 8,820

Heat Pumps ...................................... 9,041 8,921 8,119 9,041 7,402 9,024 7,951

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,426 5,407 4,955 5,426 4,589 5,410 4,810

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,606 2,559 2,305 2,606 2,008 2,606 2,278

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,940 2,887 2,702 2,940 2,496 2,940 2,599

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 12,558 12,167 10,791 12,558 7,516 12,483 9,656

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 2,630 2,853 2,682 2,819 2,518

Central Chillers ................................. 11,636 11,440 11,008 11,636 10,637 11,630 10,490

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 29,969 29,007 26,093 29,969 21,903 29,862 25,304

Swamp Coolers ................................ 1,561 1,451 1,324 1,561 1,104 1,553 1,348

Other ................................................ 1,232 1,203 1,103 1,232 1,025 1,217 1,094

Main Equipment Replaced Since

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating ............................................. 16,403 16,403 14,365 15,190 10,741 16,150 13,014

Cooling ............................................. 20,995 20,633 18,501 20,995 14,869 20,907 16,996

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent .................................... 38,528 37,220 34,075 36,075 27,809 38,528 31,489

Standard Fluorescent ........................ 59,688 57,351 51,219 55,117 40,412 59,688 49,691

Compact Fluorescent ........................ 27,571 26,835 24,856 26,790 21,266 27,571 23,610

High Intensity Discharge ................... 20,643 20,093 17,940 19,054 13,107 20,643 17,913

Halogen ............................................ 17,703 17,042 15,387 17,115 13,358 17,703 14,999

Other ................................................ 269 Q Q 269 256 269 244

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ............. 19,597 19,108 17,874 19,255 16,191 19,419 17,205

Economizer Cycle ............................. 21,108 20,828 19,603 21,108 17,656 21,030 18,732

HVAC Maintenance .......................... 51,163 49,812 45,250 47,935 36,163 50,732 43,125

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ................... 15,630 15,457 14,644 15,358 13,119 15,544 14,225

Window and Interior Lighting

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ......................... 38,910 38,065 34,478 36,420 27,363 38,424 32,135

Tinted Window Glass ........................ 29,887 28,570 25,611 27,941 21,645 29,365 25,280

Reflective Window Glass .................. 8,544 8,403 7,621 8,349 6,716 8,425 7,372

External Overhangs

 or Awnings ....................................... 17,242 16,556 14,809 16,380 12,179 17,087 14,640

Skylights or Atriums .......................... 12,546 12,217 10,979 12,126 8,539 12,486 10,799

Daylighting Sensors .......................... 2,868 2,728 2,541 2,819 2,280 2,868 2,444

Specular Reflectors .......................... 26,118 25,389 23,288 24,724 18,587 26,118 22,443

Electronic Ballasts ............................ 46,882 45,351 40,872 43,881 32,693 46,882 39,880

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS)

 For Lighting ...................................... 4,781 4,729 4,424 4,755 4,132 4,781 4,390

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 192

CONTINUED
Total 

Floorspace a

Heated

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Cooled

Floorspace b

Total 

Floorspace a

Lit 

Floorspace b

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 53,473 56,940 41,788 62,060 51,342

Table B37. Heated, Cooled, and Lit Buildings, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Heated Buildings Cooled Buildings Lit Buildings c

Total 

Floorspace

in All 

Buildings*

Equipment Usage Reduced

When Building Not In Full Use

(more than one may apply)

d

Heating ............................................. 42,722 42,722 38,310 39,864 29,378 42,305 35,145

Cooling ............................................. 43,205 41,977 37,643 43,205 31,409 42,977 35,950

Lighting ............................................. 46,987 44,799 39,632 42,589 30,335 46,987 39,386

Office Equipment .............................. 19,397 18,638 16,582 17,749 12,294 19,349 15,788

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings 

comprising 6.9 billion square feet.

a

 "Total Floorspace" refers to all floorspace in heated, cooled, or lit buildings, including the floorspace that was not heated, cooled, or 

lit.

b

 "Heated Floorspace," "Cooled Floorspace," and "Lit Floorspace" refer only to the portion of the floorspace in these buildings that was 

reported to be heated, cooled, or lit.

c Data in "Lit Buildings" are for buildings lit when open or closed. The definition for these columns has changed since the original table 

release, when they excluded buildings that were lit when closed but not lit when open.

d The definition for one or more of these row items has changed and may not be directly comparable with past CBECS estimates. See

Description of Detailed Tables for explanation of the differences (web address given below).

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Notes: ● HVAC = Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. ● Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 193

CONTINUED