Release date: April 2015

Revised date: May 2016

All

buildings Electricity

Natural

gas Fuel oil

District

heat

All buildings 87,093 80,078 26,205 42,988 2,542 5,797

Building floorspace (square feet)

1,001 to 5,000 8,041 6,699 2,766 3,050 329 Q

5,001 to 10,000 8,900 7,590 2,865 3,802 280 Q

10,001 to 25,000 14,105 12,744 4,433 6,957 509 Q

25,001 to 50,000 11,917 10,911 3,871 6,174 Q 213

50,001 to 100,000 13,918 13,114 4,892 6,844 413 704

100,001 to 200,000 12,415 11,941 3,646 6,624 348 1,283

200,001 to 500,000 10,724 10,348 2,129 6,487 Q 1,472

Over 500,000 7,074 6,730 1,603 3,050 Q 1,956

Principal building activity

Education 12,239 12,099 2,972 7,188 649 1,096

Food sales 1,252 1,196 461 630 Q N

Food service 1,819 1,762 695 892 Q Q

Health care 4,155 4,109 818 2,416 175 656

Inpatient 2,374 2,354 160 1,517 Q 550

Outpatient 1,781 1,754 658 900 Q Q

Lodging 5,826 5,696 2,814 2,086 Q 594

Mercantile 11,330 10,794 3,901 6,337 Q Q

Retail (other than mall) 5,439 5,088 1,820 2,736 Q Q

Enclosed and strip malls 5,890 5,706 2,081 3,601 Q Q

Office 15,952 15,753 6,053 7,445 296 1,772

Public assembly 5,559 5,323 1,184 2,820 Q 883

Public order and safety 1,440 1,391 Q 747 Q Q

Religious worship 4,557 4,511 1,472 2,482 Q N

Service 4,630 4,157 981 2,247 254 Q

Warehouse and storage 13,077 9,987 3,556 5,855 Q Q

Other 2,002 1,886 522 1,155 Q Q

Vacant 3,256 1,415 506 687 Q Q

Year constructed

Before 1920 3,983 3,583 574 1,795 Q 523

1920 to 1945 6,025 5,527 1,212 2,961 323 888

1946 to 1959 7,381 6,895 1,414 4,453 378 439

1960 to 1969 10,362 9,730 2,394 5,802 292 995

1970 to 1979 10,846 10,045 2,988 5,484 Q 930

1980 to 1989 15,230 13,723 5,760 6,868 Q 441

1990 to 1999 13,803 12,389 4,634 6,478 258 534

2000 to 2003 7,215 6,707 2,543 3,395 Q Q

2004 to 2007 6,524 5,972 2,543 2,845 Q Q

2008 to 2012 5,723 5,505 2,142 2,908 Q Q

Table B29. Primary space-heating energy sources, floorspace, 2012

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Primary space-heating energy source used1

Buildings 

with space 

heating
All

buildings Electricity

Natural

gas Fuel oil

District

heat

All buildings 87,093 80,078 26,205 42,988 2,542 5,797

Table B29. Primary space-heating energy sources, floorspace, 2012

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Primary space-heating energy source used1

Buildings 

with space 

heating

Census region and division

Northeast 15,534 15,053 2,188 8,366 1,988 1,954

New England 4,302 4,090 468 1,811 1,099 Q

Middle Atlantic 11,232 10,963 1,720 6,555 889 1,601

Midwest 18,919 18,055 2,982 13,084 Q 864

East North Central 12,742 12,240 1,702 9,587 Q 532

West North Central 6,178 5,815 1,281 3,497 Q 332

South 34,279 30,499 15,118 12,312 299 2,112

South Atlantic 17,981 15,883 8,533 5,694 245 1,089

East South Central 4,904 4,692 1,982 2,067 Q Q

West South Central 11,394 9,923 4,604 4,551 Q 637

West 18,360 16,471 5,917 9,226 Q 867

Mountain 4,981 4,704 1,122 2,893 Q 482

Pacific 13,379 11,767 4,794 6,333 Q 385

Climate region2

Very cold/Cold 31,898 30,469 4,771 20,554 1,623 1,884

Mixed-humid 27,873 26,716 9,282 12,884 919 2,916

Mixed-dry/Hot-dry 12,037 10,484 4,600 5,252 N Q

Hot-humid 12,831 10,090 6,969 2,710 N 362

Marine 2,454 2,319 583 1,588 N Q

Number of workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 17,751 12,931 4,326 6,471 831 Q

5 to 9 8,973 8,492 3,673 3,941 185 Q

10 to 19 9,623 8,970 3,380 4,804 Q Q

20 to 49 14,514 14,126 4,997 7,987 Q 623

50 to 99 13,476 13,184 4,367 7,604 488 610

100 to 249 10,941 10,805 2,446 6,863 316 1,091

250 or more 11,815 11,570 3,015 5,317 Q 3,015

Weekly operating hours

Fewer than 40 8,220 5,763 1,746 3,060 293 Q

40 to 48 15,828 14,867 5,065 8,184 755 381

49 to 60 20,529 19,365 6,696 10,341 472 1,099

61 to 84 15,867 15,148 5,020 8,585 512 769

85 to 167 9,395 8,711 2,280 5,455 Q 624

Open continuously 17,253 16,224 5,397 7,363 405 2,752
All

buildings Electricity

Natural

gas Fuel oil

District

heat

All buildings 87,093 80,078 26,205 42,988 2,542 5,797

Table B29. Primary space-heating energy sources, floorspace, 2012

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Primary space-heating energy source used1

Buildings 

with space 

heating

Ownership and occupancy

Nongovernment owned 67,550 61,341 22,225 32,258 1,658 3,076

Owner occupied 30,637 28,745 9,948 14,409 976 1,793

Leased to tenant(s) 26,115 23,766 9,250 12,976 426 730

Owner occupied and leased 8,873 8,328 2,842 4,592 Q 547

Unoccupied 1,925 502 Q 280 Q Q

Government owned 19,543 18,736 3,980 10,730 884 2,721

Federal 1,573 1,557 Q 593 Q 697

State 5,539 5,411 983 2,717 Q 1,445

Local 12,431 11,768 2,785 7,420 656 579

Energy sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity 84,869 80,053 26,205 42,988 2,542 5,797

Natural gas 58,725 58,129 11,549 42,988 410 2,791

Fuel oil 20,200 19,670 4,651 9,022 2,542 2,991

District heat 5,964 5,962 Q Q Q 5,797

District chilled water 4,608 4,561 418 437 N 3,698

Propane 7,706 7,332 1,765 2,300 921 Q

Other 3,826 3,826 730 1,948 Q 276

Energy end uses

(more than one may apply)

Buildings with space heating 80,078 80,078 26,205 42,988 2,542 5,797

Buildings with cooling 79,294 76,834 25,613 41,435 1,984 5,736

Buildings with water heating 79,015 76,584 24,862 41,377 2,362 5,655

Buildings with cooking 38,546 37,771 11,243 21,175 1,261 3,017

Buildings with manufacturing 5,078 4,790 1,456 2,969 Q Q

Buildings with electricity

generation 25,642 25,155 6,392 13,940 720 3,613

Percent of floorspace heated

Not heated 7,015 N N N N N

1 to 50 10,130 10,130 5,013 4,123 Q Q

51 to 99 14,650 14,650 4,903 7,919 319 1,067

100 55,298 55,298 16,289 30,946 1,767 4,614

Heating equipment 

(more than one may apply)

Heat pumps 11,846 11,846 7,215 3,792 Q 464

Furnaces 8,654 8,654 2,270 5,778 Q Q

Individual space heaters 20,766 20,766 6,035 11,482 1,008 1,271

District heat 5,925 5,925 Q Q Q 5,797

Boilers 22,443 22,443 2,982 17,437 1,504 Q

Packaged heating units 49,188 49,188 18,523 27,826 757 650

Other 1,574 1,574 447 873 Q Q
All

buildings Electricity

Natural

gas Fuel oil

District

heat

All buildings 87,093 80,078 26,205 42,988 2,542 5,797

Table B29. Primary space-heating energy sources, floorspace, 2012

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Primary space-heating energy source used1

Buildings 

with space 

heating

 1Additionally, buildings comprising 1,948 million square feet used propane and buildings comprising 598 million square feet used wood, 

coal, or some other energy source for primary space heating.

 2These climate regions were created by the Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy 

Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE). 

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Guide to the 2012 CBECS Detailed Tables or CBECS Terminology for 

definition of terms used in these tables and/or comparison of differences with prior CBECS tables. Both references can be accessed from 

http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2012/

 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA-871A of the 2012 

Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.