Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Other a 

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,414 4,404 2,391 451 67 33 502 132

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,393 2,384 1,110 209 Q Q 295 79

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 836 834 496 99 Q Q 100 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 727 727 450 61 18 Q 64 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 234 234 168 22 10 6 18 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 128 128 95 23 8 5 13 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 65 65 48 21 9 6 7 Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 24 24 19 12 4 2 4 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 7 7 5 4 2 1 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 386 384 213 26 26 14 43 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 226 226 221 98 Q N N Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 297 297 226 Q Q Q 52 Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 129 129 72 13 2 1 11 Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 8 7 7 1 1 Q Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 121 121 65 6 Q Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 142 142 142 86 28 6 Q 24 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 443 443 245 37 Q Q 47 Q

Office ................................................ 824 824 824 488 65 16 9 39 17

Public Assembly ............................... 277 274 274 146 42 6 3 37 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 71 71 36 23 Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 370 370 220 38 Q Q 51 N

Service .............................................. 622 601 601 281 93 Q N 92 70

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 464 464 187 37 Q Q 48 Q

Other ................................................ 79 79 76 45 12 Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 108 106 49 Q Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 319 318 200 75 6 Q 43 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 499 499 338 52 12 Q 37 Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 541 541 313 75 15 4 52 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 571 571 309 61 13 4 63 21

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 702 700 391 59 6 5 68 49

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 671 668 303 63 5 5 90 Q

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 813 809 419 49 8 8 95 Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 298 298 118 17 Q Q 54 Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 710 710 397 254 17 6 73 26

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 1,197 1,189 802 76 13 4 173 42

South ................................................ 1,775 1,656 1,654 714 84 21 14 176 28

West ................................................. 878 851 851 479 37 15 9 80 37

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 813 809 493 145 6 3 112 43

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 1,131 1,129 718 148 27 4 106 44

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 646 642 347 97 13 7 Q 24

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1,193 1,193 646 49 13 10 112 Q

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 631 631 187 13 7 9 31 Q

Table B22. Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Sources Used (more than one may apply)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings

Using 

Any 

Energy 

Source

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Released: Dec 2006

Next CBECS will be conducted in 2007
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Other a 

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,414 4,404 2,391 451 67 33 502 132

Table B22. Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Sources Used (more than one may apply)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings

Using 

Any 

Energy 

Source

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,425 2,415 1,082 252 20 Q 318 84

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 775 775 474 67 Q Q 75 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 563 563 359 38 Q Q 59 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 397 397 289 36 16 6 30 13

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 147 147 113 22 7 7 9 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 77 77 52 20 9 6 8 Q

250 or More ...................................... 30 30 30 23 16 5 4 3 1

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 874 866 382 83 Q Q 125 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 1,105 1,105 569 107 12 Q 115 41

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 1,058 1,055 607 100 18 6 105 30

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 580 580 374 55 11 6 55 Q

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 376 376 233 35 9 7 55 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 475 422 422 225 69 11 4 47 16

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 4,011 3,794 3,783 2,078 371 25 13 425 122

 Owner Occupied ............................. 1,841 1,823 1,817 1,044 209 16 9 225 75

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 2,029 1,889 1,885 997 161 8 4 194 46

 Unoccupied ..................................... 141 82 81 36 Q Q Q Q Q

Government Owned .......................... 635 620 620 313 80 42 19 77 10

 Federal ........................................... 46 46 46 23 4 4 0 Q Q

 State ............................................... 164 163 163 72 24 27 12 Q Q

 Local ............................................... 425 411 411 218 52 11 7 53 Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 157 86 85 37 Q Q Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 25 Q Q Q Q N N Q N

Partially Vacant ................................. 548 501 499 264 49 12 5 46 18

Not At All Vacant .............................. 3,915 3,806 3,798 2,079 399 54 28 449 114

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 4,404 4,404 2,390 448 67 33 499 126

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,391 2,390 2,391 129 25 17 47 39

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 451 448 129 451 4 3 77 29

District Heat ...................................... 67 67 67 25 4 67 25 Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 33 33 17 3 25 33 Q Q

Propane ............................................ 502 502 499 47 77 Q Q 502 24

Other ................................................ 132 132 126 39 29 Q Q 24 132

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,982 3,971 2,344 443 67 32 489 132

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,625 3,623 2,153 298 55 33 399 78

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,472 3,470 2,126 376 61 31 428 95

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 801 801 564 115 9 6 148 17

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 119 119 70 25 Q Q 31 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 149 149 104 92 7 5 29 16

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Other a 

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 4,414 4,404 2,391 451 67 33 502 132

Table B22. Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Sources Used (more than one may apply)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings

Using 

Any 

Energy 

Source

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 799 799 563 115 9 6 146 17

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 567 567 404 82 19 7 85 24

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 553 553 373 80 19 14 50 10

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a

 "Other" includes wood, coal, solar, and all other energy sources.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Other a 

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 63,343 63,307 43,468 15,157 5,443 2,853 7,076 1,401

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 6,362 6,346 3,084 600 Q Q 806 199

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 6,212 6,197 3,692 716 Q Q 725 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 11,370 11,370 7,053 966 289 Q 1,014 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 8,385 8,385 6,025 825 369 240 638 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 9,031 9,031 6,683 1,740 574 332 925 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 9,018 9,018 6,645 2,927 1,399 793 989 Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 7,056 7,051 5,679 3,400 1,018 495 1,165 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,908 5,908 4,606 3,981 1,693 822 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,874 9,871 7,045 1,864 1,145 768 855 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,255 1,237 747 Q N N Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,654 1,654 1,396 Q Q Q 220 Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,163 3,163 2,544 1,882 493 297 397 Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 1,905 1,805 1,683 436 279 329 Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,258 1,258 739 199 Q Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 5,096 5,096 4,256 2,193 345 Q 614 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,317 4,317 2,866 501 Q Q 382 Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 12,208 12,208 8,208 4,075 1,569 730 368 272

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,935 3,935 2,723 939 547 458 393 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,090 1,090 637 620 Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,754 3,754 2,629 453 Q Q 381 N

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,982 3,982 2,496 626 Q N 557 402

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 9,425 9,425 5,494 1,268 Q Q 2,217 Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,738 1,729 1,252 454 Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,852 1,846 1,176 Q Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,732 3,730 2,759 961 294 Q 338 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 6,597 6,595 4,679 1,986 1,207 Q 961 Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,840 6,838 4,659 2,048 705 359 726 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 8,057 8,057 5,635 1,685 853 446 746 281

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 10,558 10,555 7,659 2,187 588 456 1,222 401

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 10,163 10,154 6,469 3,079 888 531 922 Q

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 12,096 12,078 8,177 2,086 705 804 1,428 Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 5,299 5,299 3,431 1,125 Q Q 733 Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 12,809 12,809 9,181 6,080 1,363 620 1,354 222

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 16,729 16,701 13,163 2,832 1,648 596 2,189 505

South ................................................ 23,489 22,774 22,766 13,311 4,122 1,766 1,150 2,360 306

West ................................................. 11,310 11,030 11,030 7,813 2,123 667 487 1,173 367

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 10,404 10,393 7,645 2,499 825 350 1,607 483

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 17,091 17,076 12,850 4,052 1,784 698 2,036 378

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 11,381 11,375 8,113 4,628 1,349 514 1,102 268

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 15,172 15,172 10,509 2,337 1,025 659 1,403 223

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 9,295 9,290 4,350 1,642 460 633 928 Q

Table B23. Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy Sources Used (more than one may apply)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings

Using 

Any 

Energy 

Source

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Other a 

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 63,343 63,307 43,468 15,157 5,443 2,853 7,076 1,401

Table B23. Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy Sources Used (more than one may apply)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings

Using 

Any 

Energy 

Source

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 14,097 14,061 7,023 1,459 853 Q 2,092 307

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 6,147 6,147 4,084 625 Q Q 564 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,803 7,803 5,317 1,024 Q Q 907 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,962 10,962 8,212 1,602 667 327 907 319

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,934 7,934 6,156 2,131 474 505 956 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,871 6,871 5,127 2,149 1,050 583 661 Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,528 9,528 7,549 6,168 2,191 1,219 989 205

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,934 5,900 3,259 576 Q Q 692 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 11,571 11,571 6,913 1,994 493 Q 942 238

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 15,705 15,702 10,191 3,015 1,590 658 2,034 313

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 10,312 10,312 7,468 2,089 785 347 927 Q

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,941 6,941 5,225 1,508 790 604 973 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,881 12,881 10,411 5,976 1,605 753 1,508 399

Ownership and Occupancy

Nongovernment Owned .................... 49,421 48,043 48,012 33,317 11,374 2,148 1,069 5,280 1,033

 Owner Occupied ............................. 23,591 23,478 23,454 16,548 6,092 1,421 711 2,481 611

 Nonowner Occupied ....................... 23,914 23,263 23,258 15,886 5,215 698 323 2,639 396

 Unoccupied ..................................... 1,916 1,301 1,299 883 Q Q Q Q Q

Government Owned .......................... 15,363 15,300 15,295 10,150 3,783 3,295 1,785 1,796 368

 Federal ........................................... 1,956 1,956 1,951 1,083 381 Q 247 Q Q

 State ............................................... 3,808 3,786 3,786 2,438 962 1,694 1,051 Q Q

 Local ............................................... 9,599 9,558 9,558 6,630 2,441 653 487 1,030 Q

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ............................ 2,161 1,495 1,489 933 Q Q Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant ................................... 406 Q Q Q Q N N Q N

Partially Vacant ................................. 12,382 12,201 12,199 8,446 4,346 1,483 681 1,199 274

Not At All Vacant .............................. 49,834 49,289 49,262 33,845 10,718 3,834 2,138 5,653 1,101

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 63,307 63,307 43,461 15,142 5,443 2,853 7,067 1,380

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 43,468 43,461 43,468 10,383 2,444 1,765 2,470 903

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 15,157 15,142 10,383 15,157 1,731 986 2,139 359

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 5,443 5,443 2,444 1,731 5,443 2,311 Q Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,853 2,853 1,765 986 2,311 2,853 Q Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 7,076 7,067 2,470 2,139 Q Q 7,076 234

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,401 1,380 903 359 Q Q 234 1,401

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 60,028 59,991 42,974 14,942 5,378 2,734 6,790 1,399

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 56,940 56,925 41,023 13,890 4,653 2,853 5,713 1,225

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 56,478 56,463 41,134 14,560 4,631 2,655 6,292 1,306

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 22,237 22,237 18,656 8,987 1,926 1,274 2,673 599

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,138 3,138 2,301 1,008 Q Q 1,044 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,821 12,821 10,402 9,867 2,121 1,272 1,454 467

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

District

Chilled

Water Propane Other a 

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 63,343 63,307 43,468 15,157 5,443 2,853 7,076 1,401

Table B23. Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy Sources Used (more than one may apply)

All 

Buildings*

Buildings

Using 

Any 

Energy 

Source

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 22,223 22,223 18,644 8,987 1,926 1,274 2,659 599

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 19,482 19,482 16,023 7,690 2,259 1,198 2,305 633

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 26,873 26,873 20,615 10,251 3,268 1,858 2,618 569

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a

 "Other" includes wood, coal, solar, and all other energy sources.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Space 

Heating Cooling

Water

Heating Cooking

Manufacturing

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 3,625 3,472 801 119

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,100 1,841 1,715 354 Q

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 782 732 725 155 29

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 659 629 607 127 28

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 225 216 217 69 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 123 118 119 50 8

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 62 60 60 28 3

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 24 23 23 14 2

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 6 6 6 4Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 382 352 298 125 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 226 188 210 186 84 Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 282 283 297 284 Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 124 129 127 12 Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 8 8 7Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 116 121 119 Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 142 130 142 47 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 408 406 314 14 Q

Office ................................................ 824 802 790 733 23 19

Public Assembly ............................... 277 258 213 227 73 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 70 61 70 14 N

Religious Worship ............................. 370 359 308 315 108 N

Service .............................................. 622 515 370 418 Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 316 266 243 Q 44

Other ................................................ 79 67 57 55 Q 23

Vacant .............................................. 182 69 52 47 Q N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 302 232 266 71 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 442 382 367 87 Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 493 430 416 119 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 524 467 444 92 17

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 648 609 582 112 28

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 618 577 531 112 14

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 719 695 642 144 19

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 236 234 224 65 Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 726 672 519 600 157 30

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 1,112 957 987 206 30

South ................................................ 1,775 1,462 1,479 1,217 304 33

West ................................................. 878 735 671 668 134 26

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 752 578 683 145 28

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 1,055 882 926 227 24

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 626 582 554 102 21

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1,051 1,003 883 210 38

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 498 580 426 116 Q

Table B24. Energy End Uses, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Energy Used For 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
Space 

Heating Cooling

Water

Heating Cooking

Manufacturing

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 3,625 3,472 801 119

Table B24. Energy End Uses, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall Buildings, 

2003

Energy Used For 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,080 1,746 1,653 301 48

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 733 725 675 152 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 536 523 514 134 19

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 387 386 384 115 21

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 141 139 142 53 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 76 76 75 31 3

250 or More ...................................... 30 29 30 30 14 2

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 751 595 580 127 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 1,037 951 856 72 47

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 965 883 845 141 46

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 535 521 506 169 8

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 331 338 330 174 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 475 364 338 356 117 4

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,971 3,623 3,470 801 119

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,344 2,153 2,126 564 70

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 443 298 376 115 25

District Heat ...................................... 67 67 55 61 9 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 32 33 31 6 Q

Propane ............................................ 502 489 399 428 148 31

Other ................................................ 132 132 78 95 17 Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,982 3,469 3,337 764 111

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,469 3,625 3,112 743 92

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,337 3,112 3,472 787 102

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 764 743 787 801 9

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 111 92 102 9 119

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 148 144 143 58 4

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 799 762 742 785 799 9

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 567 550 516 567 322 16

Separate Computer Area .................. 553 539 533 516 149 19

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 

Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from 

the CBECS web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand 

buildings comprising 6.9 billion square feet.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were 

sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Space

Heating Cooling

Water

Heating Cooking

Manufacturing

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 56,940 56,478 22,237 3,138

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 5,668 5,007 4,759 997 Q

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,786 5,408 5,348 1,136 214

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 10,387 9,922 9,562 1,954 472

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 8,060 7,776 7,734 2,511 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,718 8,331 8,412 3,575 540

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,710 8,339 8,300 3,991 473

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,907 6,565 6,680 4,047 605

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,792 5,591 5,683 4,025 Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,755 9,200 9,481 6,402 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,131 1,198 1,130 677 Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,608 1,583 1,654 1,611 Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,100 3,157 3,160 1,922 Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 1,899 1,905 1,819 Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,195 1,258 1,255 Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,994 4,841 5,096 3,184 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,075 4,079 3,459 771 Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 11,929 12,032 11,804 3,077 469

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,777 3,477 3,632 1,506 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,083 1,043 957 543 N

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,581 3,301 3,512 1,552 N

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,687 3,261 3,320 Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 8,126 7,295 6,624 Q 1,627

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,691 1,636 1,630 Q 502

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,491 836 1,020 Q N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,667 2,891 3,353 1,362 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 6,236 4,919 5,292 2,242 Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,534 6,045 5,924 3,156 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 7,510 7,125 7,202 2,669 514

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 10,223 9,973 9,787 3,431 537

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 9,808 9,836 9,420 3,677 429

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 11,254 11,304 10,816 3,597 572

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,796 4,848 4,683 2,104 Q

Census Region

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 12,596 10,954 11,789 5,016 1,013

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 16,331 14,484 14,928 5,850 798

South ................................................ 23,489 20,998 21,553 19,913 7,881 642

West ................................................. 11,310 10,102 9,950 9,848 3,489 685

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 10,109 8,550 9,474 3,302 855

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 16,720 14,524 15,160 6,369 729

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 11,239 10,946 10,785 4,736 772

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 13,965 13,977 13,192 4,621 608

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,995 8,943 7,867 3,208 Q

Table B25. Energy End Uses, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Energy Used For 

(more than one may apply)

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
Space

Heating Cooling

Water

Heating Cooking

Manufacturing

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 56,940 56,478 22,237 3,138

Table B25. Energy End Uses, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Energy Used For 

(more than one may apply)

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

All

Buildings*

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 12,182 9,591 9,525 1,886 288

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,822 5,726 5,393 1,172 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,410 7,304 7,182 2,010 367

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,822 10,566 10,480 3,829 762

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,650 7,428 7,688 3,699 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,766 6,806 6,815 3,515 382

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,376 9,519 9,395 6,126 628

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,246 3,998 4,305 1,123 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 10,928 10,508 9,989 2,805 566

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 14,763 13,757 13,564 4,509 1,124

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 10,012 9,691 9,477 3,438 348

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,680 6,708 6,635 3,039 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,399 12,277 12,508 7,324 619

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 59,991 56,925 56,463 22,237 3,138

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 42,974 41,023 41,134 18,656 2,301

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 14,942 13,890 14,560 8,987 1,008

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 5,378 4,653 4,631 1,926 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 2,853 2,655 1,274 Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 6,790 5,713 6,292 2,673 1,044

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,399 1,225 1,306 599 Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 60,028 55,188 55,154 21,725 3,072

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 55,188 56,940 53,232 21,451 2,655

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 55,154 53,232 56,478 21,914 2,987

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 21,725 21,451 21,914 22,237 623

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,072 2,655 2,987 623 3,138

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,635 12,746 12,612 8,028 516

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

Commercial Food Preparation .......... 22,223 21,712 21,437 21,901 22,223 623

Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ..................... 19,482 19,186 18,820 19,482 14,761 831

Separate Computer Area .................. 26,873 26,295 26,292 26,129 14,158 1,368

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 

Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from 

the CBECS web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand 

buildings comprising 6.9 billion square feet.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were 

sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Other a

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 1,766 2,165 360 65 372 113

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,100 888 1,013 196 Q 243 72

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 782 349 450 86 Q 72 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 659 311 409 46 18 38 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 225 114 151 11 9 11 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 123 60 84 8 8 Q Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 62 29 39 9 9 Q Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 24 11 15 4 4 Q Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 6 3 4 1 2 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 382 180 186 21 25 36 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 226 188 98 79 Q N Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 282 125 171 Q Q 31 Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 124 62 68 Q 2 Q Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 4 6 1 1 Q Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 116 58 62 Q Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 142 142 103 57 16 Q Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 408 169 236 35 Q 40 Q

Office ................................................ 824 802 380 465 46 16 36 Q

Public Assembly ............................... 277 258 83 141 37 6 Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 70 24 31 Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 359 152 208 36 Q 44 N

Service .............................................. 622 515 180 266 82 Q 75 68

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 316 150 178 28 Q 24 Q

Other ................................................ 79 67 32 41 Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 69 27 40 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 302 66 183 72 Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 442 142 309 48 12 Q Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 493 195 280 65 13 41 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 524 212 281 49 13 43 Q

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 648 293 360 46 6 48 45

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 618 352 271 36 4 74 Q

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 719 380 373 34 8 72 Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 236 126 107 Q Q 47 Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 672 179 347 229 17 24 Q

 New England .................................. 233 211 48 57 114 Q Q Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 461 131 290 115 12 Q Q

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 1,112 356 774 59 13 144 36

 East North Central .......................... 696 633 181 524 25 8 Q Q

 West North Central ......................... 571 479 175 250 34 Q 126 Q

South ................................................ 1,775 1,462 883 630 51 20 136 Q

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 746 492 264 40 13 80 Q

 East South Central .......................... 348 283 134 150 Q Q 41 Q

 West South Central ......................... 553 433 257 217 Q Q Q Q

West ................................................. 878 735 348 413 22 15 67 Q

 Mountain ......................................... 299 273 96 177 Q 7 32 Q

 Pacific ............................................. 580 462 251 236 Q 8 Q Q

Table B26. Space Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Space-Heating Energy Sources Used 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Space

Heating

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Other a

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 1,766 2,165 360 65 372 113

Table B26. Space Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Space-Heating Energy Sources Used 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Space

Heating

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 752 245 477 135 6 67 38

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 1,055 325 670 124 27 71 36

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 626 246 306 70 13 Q Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1051 553 576 27 12 96 Q

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 498 396 136 Q 7 Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,080 874 988 239 Q 251 78

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 733 336 431 58 Q 51 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 536 261 316 27 Q 40 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 387 176 270 17 16 20 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 141 63 98 10 7 Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 76 39 46 6 9 Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 30 29 16 17 3 5 Q Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 751 287 347 82 Q 107 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 1,037 472 546 98 12 93 39

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 965 418 571 77 18 79 Q

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 535 234 330 42 11 32 Q

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 331 143 195 28 9 28 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 475 364 211 176 34 10 32 Q

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,971 1,766 2,164 358 65 369 107

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,344 671 2,165 73 24 Q 27

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 443 116 90 360 4 20 Q

District Heat ...................................... 67 67 8 4 Q 65 Q N

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 32 6 8 Q 24 Q N

Propane ............................................ 502 489 179 40 59 Q 372 Q

Other ................................................ 132 132 41 35 28 Q Q 113

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 1,258 1,258 1,258 153 23 Q 41 Q

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,999 1,999 386 1,999 33 Q Q 19

Fuel Oil ............................................. 282 282 30 8 282 N Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 63 63 5 Q Q 63 Q N

Propane ............................................ 308 308 73 N Q Q 308 Q

Other ................................................ 72 72 Q Q Q N Q 72

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 3,589 3,434 1,640 1,945 213 31 298 57

Natural Gas ...................................... 17 17 9 17 Q Q N Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 32 6 8 Q 24 Q N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Other a

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 1,766 2,165 360 65 372 113

Table B26. Space Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Space-Heating Energy Sources Used 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Space

Heating

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,910 1,815 1,066 708 164 25 211 49

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,445 1,407 409 1,281 44 15 Q 14

Fuel Oil ............................................. 94 87 6 Q 86 Q Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 27 27 4 1 Q 26 Q N

Propane ............................................ 128 124 46 Q Q Q 100 Q

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 410 392 203 220 31 4 38 Q

Natural Gas ...................................... 457 439 176 352 28 7 Q Q

Propane ............................................ 108 101 40 Q Q Q 51 Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,982 1,766 2,165 360 65 372 113

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,469 1,643 1,956 215 53 298 59

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,337 1,474 1,912 290 59 311 76

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 764 348 446 80 9 81 Q

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 111 51 66 Q Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 148 74 89 17 7 16 Q

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 N N N N N N N

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 523 275 214 57 Q 64 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 498 229 294 48 5 41 Q

100 ................................................... 2,962 2,962 1,261 1,658 254 59 266 89

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 476 466 124 6 2 28 Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 278 268 71 Q Q Q N

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 166 166 43 Q Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 58 57 22 Q Q Q Q

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 1,864 554 1,273 188 Q 212 65

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 819 604 399 79 4 122 40

District Heat ...................................... 65 65 6 4 Q 65 Q N

Boilers .............................................. 579 579 161 397 144 Q 30 18

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 953 572 529 17 3 79 Q

Other ................................................ 205 205 116 80 36 Q 40 47

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a

 "Other" includes wood, coal, solar, and all other energy sources.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Other a

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 28,600 36,959 5,988 5,198 3,204 842

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 5,668 2,367 2,829 557 Q 665 183

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,786 2,560 3,358 626 Q 529 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 10,387 4,872 6,407 730 289 597 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 8,060 4,040 5,394 436 325 392 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,718 4,243 5,932 594 560 Q Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,710 3,962 5,261 1,271 1,386 Q Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,907 3,230 4,537 984 1,010 Q Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,792 3,326 3,241 789 1,528 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,755 4,047 5,700 1,240 1,117 446 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,131 497 633 Q N Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,608 737 1,070 Q Q 147 Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,100 1,479 2,184 546 414 Q Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 877 1,490 501 357 Q Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,195 602 694 Q Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,994 3,230 2,918 795 Q Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,075 1,941 2,719 236 Q 224 Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 11,929 6,400 6,637 672 1,526 211 Q

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,777 1,202 2,132 Q 547 Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,083 408 559 Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,581 1,759 2,450 397 Q 249 N

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,687 1,483 2,411 493 Q 422 398

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 8,126 4,141 5,351 591 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,691 762 1,145 Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,491 514 1,050 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,667 1,044 2,528 806 Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 6,236 2,070 3,747 1,499 1,203 Q Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,534 2,656 3,776 1,162 661 479 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 7,510 2,924 4,992 795 818 385 Q

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 10,223 5,072 6,800 805 573 452 318

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 9,808 5,822 5,289 294 780 402 Q

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 11,254 5,998 6,863 493 691 620 Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,796 3,016 2,965 Q Q 373 Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 12,596 4,405 7,238 3,927 1,260 743 Q

 New England .................................. 2,964 2,819 1,132 1,198 1,219 Q Q Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 9,941 9,778 3,273 6,041 2,708 1,015 Q Q

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 16,331 6,223 12,180 916 1,640 806 272

 East North Central .......................... 11,595 11,223 3,895 8,758 456 1,420 Q Q

 West North Central ......................... 5,485 5,108 2,328 3,422 460 Q 695 Q

South ................................................ 23,489 20,998 13,058 10,693 897 1,683 1,195 Q

 South Atlantic ................................. 12,258 11,012 7,347 4,852 627 1,173 908 Q

 East South Central .......................... 3,393 3,056 1,411 2,110 Q Q Q Q

 West South Central ......................... 7,837 6,929 4,300 3,731 Q Q Q Q

West ................................................. 11,310 10,102 4,914 6,848 247 615 459 Q

 Mountain ......................................... 3,675 3,525 1,389 2,547 Q 253 245 Q

 Pacific ............................................. 7,635 6,577 3,526 4,301 Q 362 Q Q

Table B27. Space Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Space-Heating Energy Sources Used 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Space

Heating

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Other a

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 28,600 36,959 5,988 5,198 3,204 842

Table B27. Space Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Space-Heating Energy Sources Used 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Space

Heating

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 10,109 3,945 7,142 1,516 818 849 339

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 16,720 6,180 11,538 1,616 1,749 650 208

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 11,239 5,080 6,236 2,295 1,281 Q Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 13,965 7,343 9,362 385 918 755 Q

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,995 6,052 2,679 Q 432 Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 12,182 4,980 6,340 1,317 Q 1,108 295

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,822 2,612 3,730 465 Q 375 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,410 3,700 4,274 810 Q 417 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,822 4,936 7,290 748 653 511 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,650 3,705 5,368 921 460 Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,766 3,555 4,562 689 984 Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,376 5,111 5,395 1,037 2,084 Q Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,246 2,167 2,995 430 Q 459 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 10,928 5,059 6,128 1,175 493 650 185

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 14,763 7,157 8,731 1,152 1,576 966 Q

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 10,012 4,626 6,658 982 772 333 Q

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,680 2,827 4,370 527 790 282 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,399 6,764 8,077 1,722 1,388 514 Q

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 59,991 28,600 36,952 5,973 5,198 3,194 821

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 42,974 17,056 36,959 3,372 2,323 Q 467

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 14,942 6,994 7,299 5,988 1,596 877 Q

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 5,378 1,205 565 Q 5,198 Q N

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 637 605 Q 2,231 Q N

Propane ............................................ 7,076 6,790 3,339 2,034 1,091 Q 3,204 Q

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,399 495 870 216 Q Q 842

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 15,996 15,996 15,996 3,278 361 Q 472 Q

Natural Gas ...................................... 32,970 32,970 10,265 32,970 1,645 Q Q 318

Fuel Oil ............................................. 3,818 3,818 645 320 3,818 N Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 4,907 4,907 992 Q Q 4,907 Q N

Propane ............................................ 1,955 1,955 632 N Q Q 1,955 Q

Other ................................................ 382 382 Q Q Q N Q 382

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 54,321 52,584 27,212 33,906 4,634 2,467 2,488 652

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,018 1,018 477 1,006 Q Q N Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 637 605 Q 2,231 Q N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Other a

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 28,600 36,959 5,988 5,198 3,204 842

Table B27. Space Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Space-Heating Energy Sources Used 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Space

Heating

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 27,490 26,527 16,579 12,487 2,328 1,618 1,950 421

Natural Gas ...................................... 28,820 28,544 11,286 25,279 2,401 936 Q 264

Fuel Oil ............................................. 1,880 1,797 283 342 1,696 Q Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 3,088 3,023 832 390 Q 2,860 Q N

Propane ............................................ 1,422 1,376 625 Q Q Q 971 Q

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 13,161 12,942 7,219 8,082 1,384 1,193 570 Q

Natural Gas ...................................... 15,438 15,125 7,194 11,256 2,296 1,212 Q Q

Propane ............................................ 1,460 1,335 569 Q 471 Q 569 Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 60,028 28,600 36,959 5,988 5,198 3,204 842

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 55,188 27,509 34,725 4,804 4,408 2,499 667

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 55,154 26,529 34,755 5,589 4,386 2,985 747

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 21,725 10,845 14,066 3,197 1,768 1,044 Q

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,072 1,762 2,214 Q Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,635 6,587 8,070 1,231 1,985 629 Q

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 N N N N N N N

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 6,850 4,077 3,685 772 Q 587 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 8,107 4,355 5,077 846 631 344 Q

100 ................................................... 45,071 45,071 20,168 28,197 4,370 4,541 2,272 679

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 8,814 8,688 4,643 295 413 516 Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 5,442 5,350 2,845 Q Q Q N

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 2,581 2,581 1,261 Q Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 2,691 2,657 1,723 Q Q Q Q

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 19,615 8,653 14,562 1,827 Q 1,946 435

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 12,545 9,838 7,947 1,438 560 1,178 317

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 5,166 1,088 486 Q 5,166 Q N

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 20,423 7,766 16,417 4,355 Q 761 286

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 18,021 11,947 12,283 593 528 833 Q

Other ................................................ 3,262 3,262 2,139 1,524 265 Q 443 384

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a

 "Other" includes wood, coal, solar, and all other energy sources.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 1,258 1,999 282 63

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 2,100 699 955 171 Q

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 782 233 409 58 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 659 211 372 32 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 225 63 140 8 9

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 123 32 73 6 8

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 62 15 33 Q 9

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 24 5 13 Q 4

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 6 1 3 Q 2

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 382 141 172 14 24

Food Sales ....................................... 226 188 94 68 Q N

Food Service ..................................... 297 282 94 149 Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 124 49 65 Q 1

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 Q 6 Q 0

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 116 48 59 Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 142 78 34 Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 408 115 223 Q Q

Office ................................................ 824 802 279 435 40 16

Public Assembly ............................... 277 258 62 129 37 6

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 70 Q 31 Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 359 93 198 31 Q

Service .............................................. 622 515 103 249 50 Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 316 103 168 Q Q

Other ................................................ 79 67 Q 40 Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 69 Q 39 Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 302 24 177 66 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 442 80 291 41 12

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 493 126 268 48 13

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 524 157 266 38 13

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 648 219 324 36 6

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 618 276 244 Q 4

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 719 288 333 Q 7

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 236 89 97 Q Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 672 90 324 212 17

 New England .................................. 233 211 Q 56 113 Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 461 71 268 98 11

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 1,112 179 738 36 13

 East North Central .......................... 696 633 87 501 Q 7

 West North Central ......................... 571 479 92 238 Q Q

South ................................................ 1,775 1,462 729 566 21 19

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 746 406 234 Q 13

 East South Central .......................... 348 283 103 133 Q Q

 West South Central ......................... 553 433 220 199 N Q

West ................................................. 878 735 261 371 Q 15

 Mountain ......................................... 299 273 65 162 Q Q

 Pacific ............................................. 580 462 196 209 Q 8

Table B28. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Primary Space-Heating Energy Source Used a

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Space 

Heating

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 1,258 1,999 282 63

Table B28. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Primary Space-Heating Energy Source Used a

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Space 

Heating

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 752 115 448 112 6

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 1,055 196 640 109 27

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 626 142 291 48 13

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1051 433 508 Q 11

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 498 372 112 Q 6

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 2,080 674 918 190 Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 733 236 404 47 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 536 180 291 24 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 387 101 244 Q 15

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 141 38 87 6 7

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 76 22 39 Q 9

250 or More ...................................... 30 29 8 15 Q 5

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 751 227 333 65 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 1,037 340 506 80 11

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 965 274 541 54 18

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 535 160 304 36 11

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 331 103 171 20 9

Open Continuously ........................... 475 364 154 144 27 9

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,971 1,258 1,998 282 63

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,344 281 1,999 38 24

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 443 51 77 282 4

District Heat ...................................... 67 67 Q Q N 63

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 32 Q 5 Q 23

Propane ............................................ 502 489 78 39 49 Q

Other ................................................ 132 132 Q 29 Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,982 1,258 1,999 282 63

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,469 1,188 1,794 161 52

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,337 999 1,765 226 57

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 764 223 397 68 8

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 111 25 62 Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 148 40 78 10 6

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 663 N NNNN

1 to 50 .............................................. 523 523 222 192 42 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 498 498 146 272 41 5

100 ................................................... 2,962 2,962 891 1,534 199 57

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,982 1,258 1,999 282 63

Table B28. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for 

Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Primary Space-Heating Energy Source Used a

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Space 

Heating

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 476 476 371 85 Q 1

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 278 278 220 51 Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 166 166 128 27 N Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 58 42 14 Q Q

Furnaces ........................................... 1,864 1,864 296 1,212 145 Q

Individual Space Heaters .................. 819 819 305 361 39 4

District Heat ...................................... 65 65 Q Q N 63

Boilers .............................................. 579 579 58 373 121 Q

Packaged Heating Units ................... 953 953 427 456 Q 2

Other ................................................ 205 205 60 69 Q Q

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial 

Buildings Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the

CBECS web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings 

comprising 6.9 billion square feet.

a

 Additionally, 308,000 buildings used propane; 72,000 used wood, coal or some other energy source; and no responding 

buildings in the sample used solar as a primary space-heating energy source.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were 

sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 15,996 32,970 3,818 4,907

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 5,668 1,779 2,672 484 Q

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,786 1,686 3,068 428 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 10,387 3,366 5,807 536 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 8,060 2,264 4,974 300 325

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,718 2,245 5,147 431 516

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,710 2,011 4,489 Q 1,340

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,907 1,380 3,933 Q 1,003

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,792 1,265 2,880 Q 1,352

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,755 2,495 5,191 803 970

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,131 437 568 Q N

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,608 436 957 Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,100 592 1,972 Q 388

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 Q 1,388 Q 331

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,195 491 583 Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,994 2,122 2,040 Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,075 1,199 2,470 Q Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 11,929 3,995 6,046 301 1,448

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,777 672 1,813 Q 547

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,083 Q 537 Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,581 796 2,305 306 Q

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,687 519 2,286 340 Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 8,126 2,257 4,736 Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,691 Q 1,064 Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,491 Q 987 Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,667 355 2,304 564 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 6,236 390 3,580 1,125 1,072

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,534 1,142 3,546 894 661

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 7,510 1,455 4,564 420 783

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 10,223 2,830 6,037 415 557

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 9,808 4,131 4,547 Q 704

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 11,254 3,892 5,933 Q 680

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,796 1,802 2,457 Q Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 12,596 1,253 6,439 3,250 1,205

 New England .................................. 2,964 2,819 Q 1,061 1,161 Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 9,941 9,778 1,127 5,377 2,089 970

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 16,331 2,545 11,321 229 1,531

 East North Central .......................... 11,595 11,223 1,487 8,230 Q 1,319

 West North Central ......................... 5,485 5,108 1,058 3,091 Q Q

South ................................................ 23,489 20,998 9,084 9,299 232 1,614

 South Atlantic ................................. 12,258 11,012 4,968 4,175 Q 1,149

 East South Central .......................... 3,393 3,056 791 1,817 Q Q

 West South Central ......................... 7,837 6,929 3,325 3,308 N Q

West ................................................. 11,310 10,102 3,114 5,911 Q 557

 Mountain ......................................... 3,675 3,525 789 2,277 Q Q

 Pacific ............................................. 7,635 6,577 2,325 3,633 Q 362

Table B29. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Total Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Primary Space-Heating Energy Source Used a

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Space 

Heating

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 15,996 32,970 3,818 4,907

Table B29. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Total Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Primary Space-Heating Energy Source Used a

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Space 

Heating

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 10,109 1,375 6,515 962 752

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 16,720 2,603 10,640 1,211 1,638

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 11,239 2,210 5,617 1,557 1,231

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 13,965 4,580 7,965 Q 883

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,995 5,228 2,233 Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 12,182 3,385 5,890 987 Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,822 1,736 3,426 328 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,410 2,430 3,833 Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,822 2,602 6,556 Q 611

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,650 1,834 4,614 593 460

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,766 1,692 3,748 Q 975

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,376 2,318 4,903 Q 1,895

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,246 1,424 2,848 302 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 10,928 3,348 5,578 1,006 486

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 14,763 3,940 8,015 708 1,566

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 10,012 2,746 5,801 651 572

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,680 1,266 3,960 359 790

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,399 3,273 6,768 793 1,315

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 59,991 15,996 32,963 3,818 4,907

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 42,974 6,162 32,970 1,588 2,117

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 14,942 3,079 6,258 3,818 1,490

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 5,378 Q Q N 4,907

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 Q 339 Q 2,165

Propane ............................................ 7,076 6,790 1,323 1,947 930 Q

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,399 Q 713 Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 60,028 15,996 32,970 3,818 4,907

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 55,188 15,562 30,808 2,836 4,147

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 55,154 14,429 31,026 3,539 4,095

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 21,725 5,109 12,430 1,892 1,623

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,072 515 1,954 Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,635 3,131 7,077 316 1,817

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 N NNNN

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 6,850 2,890 3,029 565 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 8,107 2,164 4,707 459 574

100 ................................................... 45,071 45,071 10,943 25,233 2,793 4,307

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 15,996 32,970 3,818 4,907

Table B29. Primary Space-Heating Energy Sources, Total Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Primary Space-Heating Energy Source Used a

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Space 

Heating

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 8,814 4,812 3,430 Q 388

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 5,442 3,056 2,092 Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 2,581 1,343 1,014 N Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 2,691 1,286 1,173 Q Q

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 19,615 3,655 13,476 1,153 Q

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 12,545 3,736 6,907 739 533

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 5,166 Q Q N 4,875

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 20,423 2,115 15,138 2,714 Q

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 18,021 6,767 10,115 Q 466

Other ................................................ 3,262 3,262 1,286 1,275 Q Q

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial 

Buildings Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from 

the CBECS web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings 

comprising 6.9 billion square feet.

a

 Additionally, buildings comprising 1,955 million square feet used propane; buildings comprising 382 million square feet 

used wood, coal or some other energy source; and no responding buildings in the sample used solar as a primary spaceheating energy source.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were 

sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

ElectricityNatural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,625 3,589 17 33 64,783 56,940 54,321 1,018 2,853

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 1,841 1,838 Q Q 6,789 5,007 4,994 Q Q

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 732 727 Q Q 6,585 5,408 5,367 Q Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 629 618 Q Q 11,535 9,922 9,743 Q Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 216 211 Q 6 8,668 7,776 7,557 Q 240

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 118 114 Q 5 9,057 8,331 8,086 Q 332

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 60 55 Q 6 9,064 8,339 7,657 Q 793

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 23 21 Q 2 7,176 6,565 6,112 Q 495

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 6 5 Q 1 5,908 5,591 4,806 Q 822

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 352 339 Q 14 9,874 9,200 8,406 Q 768

Food Sales ....................................... 226 210 208 N N 1,255 1,198 1,183 N N

Food Service ..................................... 297 283 283 Q Q 1,654 1,583 1,570 Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 129 128 0 1 3,163 3,157 2,972 215 297

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 8 0 1 1,905 1,899 1,735 204 279

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 121 121 Q Q 1,258 1,258 1,237 Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 130 129 Q Q 5,096 4,841 4,746 Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 406 405 Q Q 4,317 4,079 4,040 Q Q

Office ................................................ 824 790 781 Q 9 12,208 12,032 11,192 Q 730

Public Assembly ............................... 277 213 210 Q 3 3,939 3,477 3,113 Q 458

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 61 60 Q Q 1,090 1,043 925 Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 308 308 Q Q 3,754 3,301 3,301 Q Q

Service .............................................. 622 370 370 Q N 4,050 3,261 3,261 Q N

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 266 261 Q Q 10,078 7,295 7,196 Q Q

Other ................................................ 79 57 56 Q Q 1,738 1,636 1,577 Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 52 52 N Q 2,567 836 836 N Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 232 230 Q Q 3,769 2,891 2,859 Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 382 379 Q Q 6,871 4,919 4,676 Q Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 430 426 Q 4 7,045 6,045 5,727 Q 359

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 467 458 Q 4 8,101 7,125 6,737 Q 446

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 609 607 Q 5 10,772 9,973 9,715 Q 456

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 577 572 Q 5 10,332 9,836 9,392 Q 531

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 695 685 Q 8 12,360 11,304 10,528 Q 804

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 234 232 Q Q 5,533 4,848 4,687 Q Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 519 512 7 6 12,905 10,954 10,402 353 620

 New England .................................. 233 130 130 Q Q 2,964 2,021 1,946 Q Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 388 382 Q 6 9,941 8,932 8,456 Q 583

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 957 951 Q 4 17,080 14,484 13,781 Q 596

 East North Central .......................... 696 550 544 Q 3 11,595 9,790 9,157 Q 569

 West North Central ......................... 571 408 407 Q Q 5,485 4,694 4,625 Q Q

South ................................................ 1,775 1,479 1,467 Q 14 23,489 21,553 20,623 Q 1,150

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 761 754 Q 9 12,258 11,474 10,969 Q 667

 East South Central .......................... 348 262 260 Q Q 3,393 2,985 2,820 Q Q

 West South Central ......................... 553 456 454 Q 3 7,837 7,094 6,834 Q 284

West ................................................. 878 671 659 Q 9 11,310 9,950 9,515 Q 487

 Mountain ......................................... 299 237 235 Q Q 3,675 3,267 3,186 Q Q

 Pacific ............................................. 580 434 424 Q 6 7,635 6,683 6,328 Q 300

Buildings

with

Cooling

Table B30. Cooling Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may 

apply)

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may 

apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Cooling

All

Buildings*

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
Electricity

Natural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

ElectricityNatural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,625 3,589 17 33 64,783 56,940 54,321 1,018 2,853

Buildings

with

Cooling

Table B30. Cooling Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may 

apply)

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may 

apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Cooling

All

Buildings*

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 578 575 Q 3 10,622 8,550 8,205 Q 350

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 882 871 7 4 17,335 14,524 13,843 355 698

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 582 574 Q 7 11,504 10,946 10,319 Q 514

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 1003 996 Q 10 15,739 13,977 13,508 Q 659

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 580 573 Q 9 9,584 8,943 8,446 Q 633

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 1,746 1,738 Q Q 15,492 9,591 9,528 Q Q

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 725 724 Q Q 6,166 5,726 5,630 Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 523 520 Q Q 7,803 7,304 7,234 Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 386 377 Q 6 10,989 10,566 10,211 Q 327

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 139 132 Q 7 7,934 7,428 6,988 Q 505

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 76 71 Q 6 6,871 6,806 6,377 Q 583

250 or More ...................................... 30 30 27 1 4 9,528 9,519 8,352 373 1,219

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 595 590 Q Q 6,863 3,998 3,954 Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 951 948 Q Q 11,622 10,508 10,328 Q Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 883 869 Q 6 15,723 13,757 13,048 Q 658

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 521 516 Q 6 10,334 9,691 9,274 Q 347

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 338 330 Q 7 7,092 6,708 6,151 Q 604

Open Continuously ........................... 475 338 335 2 4 13,149 12,277 11,567 499 753

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,623 3,589 17 33 63,307 56,925 54,321 1,018 2,853

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,153 2,133 17 17 43,468 41,023 39,286 1,018 1,765

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 298 294 2 3 15,157 13,890 13,036 488 986

District Heat ...................................... 67 55 32 Q 25 5,443 4,653 2,674 Q 2,311

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 33 9 Q 33 2,853 2,853 924 Q 2,853

Propane ............................................ 502 399 399 Q Q 7,076 5,713 5,666 Q Q

Other ................................................ 132 78 72 Q Q 1,401 1,225 1,130 Q Q

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 1,258 1,188 1,186 Q Q 15,996 15,562 15,442 Q Q

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,999 1,794 1,783 16 5 32,970 30,808 30,167 918 339

Fuel Oil ............................................. 282 161 161 Q Q 3,818 2,836 2,813 Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 63 52 30 Q 23 4,907 4,147 2,353 Q 2,165

Propane ............................................ 308 245 244 N Q 1,955 1,553 1,542 N Q

Other ................................................ 72 31 29 N N 382 282 267 N N

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,910 1,708 1,701 Q 9 27,490 26,028 25,459 Q 745

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,445 1,326 1,312 10 14 28,820 27,379 26,280 937 1,023

Fuel Oil ............................................. 94 62 60 Q Q 1,880 1,591 1,569 Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 27 25 15 Q 10 3,088 2,987 1,852 Q 1,205

Propane ............................................ 128 109 109 N Q 1,422 1,252 1,241 N Q

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

ElectricityNatural

Gas

District

Chilled

Water

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,625 3,589 17 33 64,783 56,940 54,321 1,018 2,853

Buildings

with

Cooling

Table B30. Cooling Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for NonMall Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may 

apply)

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may 

apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings 

with 

Cooling

All

Buildings*

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 410 378 374 5 4 13,161 12,695 12,058 460 936

Natural Gas ...................................... 457 444 441 5 3 15,438 15,127 14,299 634 900

Propane ............................................ 108 85 85 N Q 1,460 1,263 1,249 N Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,469 3,434 17 32 60,028 55,188 52,584 1,018 2,734

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,625 3,589 17 33 56,940 56,940 54,321 1,018 2,853

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,112 3,080 15 31 56,478 53,232 50,669 1,007 2,655

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 743 738 7 6 22,237 21,451 20,333 767 1,274

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 92 91 Q Q 3,138 2,655 2,627 Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 144 140 2 5 12,821 12,746 11,541 456 1,272

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled ........................................ 1,020 N N N N 7,843 N N N N

1 to 50 .............................................. 985 985 978 Q Q 16,598 16,598 16,465 Q Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 629 629 625 2 5 13,211 13,211 12,327 360 829

100 ................................................... 2,011 2,011 1,986 11 27 27,132 27,132 25,529 541 1,985

Cooling Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................... 1,006 1,006 1,005 Q Q 11,035 11,035 10,946 Q Q

Heat Pumps ...................................... 492 492 492 8 1 9,041 9,041 9,030 325 251

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 288 288 287 Q Q 5,426 5,426 5,415 Q Q

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 174 174 174 Q Q 2,606 2,606 2,606 Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 58 58 58 Q Q 2,940 2,940 2,940 Q Q

Individual Air Conditioners ................ 742 742 742 Q 2 12,558 12,558 12,558 Q 439

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 33 9 Q 33 2,853 2,853 924 Q 2,853

Central Chillers ................................. 111 111 106 5 Q 11,636 11,636 11,054 782 Q

Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,613 1,613 1,612 4 4 29,969 29,969 29,756 554 511

Swamp Coolers ................................ 122 122 122 Q Q 1,561 1,561 1,561 Q Q

Other ................................................ 40 40 30 Q Q 1,232 1,232 1,091 Q Q

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web 

site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,472 1,910 1,445 94 27 128

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 1,715 1,020 617 41 N 66

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 725 386 307 Q Q 27

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 607 301 285 16 Q 27

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 217 110 114 Q Q Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 119 53 70 Q 5 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 60 27 35 Q 5 Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 23 9 14 Q 2 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 6 3 3Q 1N

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 298 144 149 10 6 15

Food Sales ....................................... 226 186 109 68 Q N Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 297 101 176 Q Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 129 127 72 56 1 1 Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 8 8 1 6 0 1Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 119 70 50 Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 142 142 45 74 14 Q 18

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 314 189 118 Q N Q

Office ................................................ 824 733 443 273 Q 10 Q

Public Assembly ............................... 277 227 128 81 Q 3 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 70 32 24 Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 315 171 139 Q N Q

Service .............................................. 622 418 260 154 Q Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 243 163 85 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 79 55 32 20 Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 47 21 27 N Q N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 266 121 120 Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 367 139 212 15 Q Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 416 212 191 Q Q Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 444 237 177 20 8 24

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 582 333 248 13 3 Q

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 531 347 170 Q 3 23

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 642 373 257 Q Q Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 224 146 70 Q Q Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 600 249 266 84 8 22

 New England .................................. 233 188 92 38 53 Q Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 411 157 229 32 6 Q

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 987 504 469 Q 6 44

 East North Central .......................... 696 572 263 323 Q 3 Q

 West North Central ......................... 571 415 241 146 Q Q Q

South ................................................ 1,775 1,217 841 370 Q 7 35

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 643 491 147 Q Q 19

 East South Central .......................... 348 227 153 72 N Q Q

 West South Central ......................... 553 347 197 151 Q Q Q

West ................................................. 878 668 316 340 Q Q Q

 Mountain ......................................... 299 256 109 140 Q Q Q

 Pacific ............................................. 580 413 207 201 Q Q Q

Table B31. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,472 1,910 1,445 94 27 128

Table B31. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 683 324 312 41 4 28

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 926 454 440 33 8 29

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 554 314 203 19 7 Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 883 504 377 Q 6 28

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 426 315 113 Q Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 1,653 995 569 46 Q 78

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 675 365 297 Q Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 514 258 238 Q Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 384 183 203 Q 11 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 142 59 83 Q Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 75 35 39 Q 5 Q

250 or More ...................................... 30 30 15 15 1 3 Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 580 347 212 Q Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 856 519 318 Q Q Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 845 504 330 17 Q Q

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 506 252 235 Q 5 Q

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 330 145 171 Q 4 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 475 356 142 178 23 7 27

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 3,470 1,910 1,445 92 27 128

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 2,126 757 1,445 19 6 Q

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 376 206 85 94 3 18

District Heat ...................................... 67 61 25 15 Q 27 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 31 9 14 Q 10 Q

Propane ............................................ 502 428 268 27 25 Q 128

Other ................................................ 132 95 58 20 Q Q Q

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 1,258 999 823 184 Q Q 15

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,999 1,765 642 1,190 2 Q Q

Fuel Oil ............................................. 282 226 131 18 79 N Q

District Heat ...................................... 63 57 25 14 Q 25 N

Propane ............................................ 308 252 163 N Q N 92

Other ................................................ 72 38 Q Q Q N Q

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 410 407 219 189 10 2 18

Natural Gas ...................................... 457 451 116 354 14 2 N

Propane ............................................ 108 101 40 Q Q Q 47

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 3,472 1,910 1,445 94 27 128

Table B31. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Number of Buildings for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand)

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 3,337 1,815 1,407 87 27 124

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 3,112 1,708 1,326 62 25 109

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 3,472 1,910 1,445 94 27 128

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 787 316 426 32 3 59

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 102 63 42 Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 143 69 73 6 5 Q

Water Heating Equipment

Centralized System ........................... 2,513 2,513 1,265 1,103 91 22 98

Distributed System ............................ 785 785 550 240 Q Q Q

Combination of Centralized

 and Distributed System .................... 175 175 94 102 2 3 Q

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 56,478 27,490 28,820 1,880 3,088 1,422

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 4,759 2,847 1,699 116 N 169

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,348 2,821 2,296 Q Q 205

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 9,562 4,809 4,470 265 Q 430

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 7,734 3,924 4,055 Q Q Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,412 3,659 5,005 Q 303 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,300 3,884 4,754 Q 822 Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,680 2,722 4,076 Q 621 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,683 2,824 2,467 Q 1,064 N

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,481 3,829 5,549 501 535 347

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,130 515 557 Q N Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,654 482 1,127 Q Q Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,160 1,026 1,926 177 423 Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 280 1,380 162 381 Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,255 746 547 Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 5,096 905 3,676 Q Q 219

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 3,459 2,047 1,470 Q N Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 11,804 7,015 4,713 Q 974 Q

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,632 1,638 1,957 Q 389 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 957 327 486 Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,512 1,825 1,893 Q N Q

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,320 1,841 1,523 Q Q Q

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 6,624 4,520 2,672 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,630 990 656 Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,020 530 614 N Q N

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,353 1,348 1,942 Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 5,292 1,872 2,857 Q 617 Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 5,924 2,819 3,245 Q 399 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 7,202 2,865 3,953 314 608 314

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 9,787 4,775 5,169 303 453 Q

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 9,420 5,665 3,994 Q 561 174

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 10,816 5,853 5,295 Q Q Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,683 2,294 2,366 Q Q Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 11,789 5,125 5,601 1,542 929 261

 New England .................................. 2,964 2,724 1,439 682 590 Q Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 9,941 9,065 3,686 4,919 952 775 Q

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 14,928 6,477 8,799 Q 749 390

 East North Central .......................... 11,595 10,208 4,086 6,417 Q 588 Q

 West North Central ......................... 5,485 4,720 2,391 2,382 Q Q 362

South ................................................ 23,489 19,913 11,882 8,306 Q 956 537

 South Atlantic ................................. 12,258 10,714 7,033 3,649 Q 730 391

 East South Central .......................... 3,393 2,858 1,581 1,456 N Q Q

 West South Central ......................... 7,837 6,341 3,267 3,201 Q Q Q

West ................................................. 11,310 9,848 4,007 6,114 Q 454 Q

 Mountain ......................................... 3,675 3,422 1,236 2,276 Q Q Q

 Pacific ............................................. 7,635 6,426 2,771 3,838 Q 338 Q

Table B32. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 56,478 27,490 28,820 1,880 3,088 1,422

Table B32. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 9,474 3,941 5,482 389 582 341

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 15,160 6,525 8,466 481 654 312

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 10,785 5,147 4,892 902 1,073 Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 13,192 6,685 7,068 Q 695 260

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,867 5,192 2,913 Q Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 9,525 5,218 3,869 249 Q 510

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,393 2,864 2,513 Q Q Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,182 3,532 3,317 Q Q Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,480 5,002 6,002 Q 484 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,688 3,253 4,713 Q Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,815 2,956 3,842 Q 729 Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,395 4,666 4,564 342 1,347 Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 4,305 2,435 1,918 Q Q Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 9,989 5,949 4,342 Q Q Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 13,564 7,886 6,100 252 463 Q

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 9,477 4,657 4,793 Q 516 Q

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,635 2,996 3,596 Q 476 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,508 3,568 8,072 875 1,409 335

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 56,463 27,490 28,820 1,865 3,088 1,422

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 41,134 14,880 28,820 1,020 1,427 Q

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 14,560 6,745 6,968 1,880 1,241 389

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 4,631 1,685 939 Q 3,088 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,655 745 1,023 Q 1,205 Q

Propane ............................................ 7,076 6,292 3,710 1,593 450 Q 1,422

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,306 645 577 Q Q Q

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 15,996 14,429 11,021 4,038 Q Q 223

Natural Gas ...................................... 32,970 31,026 10,988 22,675 207 Q Q

Fuel Oil ............................................. 3,818 3,539 1,746 911 1,502 N Q

District Heat ...................................... 4,907 4,095 1,541 848 Q 2,694 N

Propane ............................................ 1,955 1,751 1,046 N Q N 814

Other ................................................ 382 314 Q Q Q N Q

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 13,161 13,003 6,222 7,474 490 911 304

Natural Gas ...................................... 15,438 15,296 4,537 11,840 883 834 N

Propane ............................................ 1,460 1,437 398 Q 246 Q 714

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 56,478 27,490 28,820 1,880 3,088 1,422

Table B32. Water-Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Water-Heating Energy Sources Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 55,154 26,527 28,544 1,797 3,023 1,376

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 53,232 26,028 27,379 1,591 2,987 1,252

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 56,478 27,490 28,820 1,880 3,088 1,422

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 21,914 8,295 13,909 1,265 1,248 796

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 2,987 1,761 1,520 Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,612 5,559 7,123 389 1,443 Q

Water Heating Equipment

Centralized System ........................... 34,671 34,671 14,245 17,917 1,591 2,073 973

Distributed System ............................ 11,540 11,540 7,842 4,435 Q Q Q

Combination of Centralized

 and Distributed System .................... 10,267 10,267 5,404 6,468 248 859 Q

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas Propane

ElectricityNatural

Gas Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 801 410 457 108 64,783 22,237 13,161 15,438 1,460

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 2,552 354 170 183 63 6,789 997 493 549 165

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 889 155 82 88 Q 6,585 1,136 621 641 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 738 127 59 75 Q 11,535 1,954 961 1,115 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 241 69 40 44 Q 8,668 2,511 1,444 1,623 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 129 50 33 31 Q 9,057 3,575 2,350 2,237 Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 65 28 15 22 Q 9,064 3,991 2,068 3,011 Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 25 14 9 11 Q 7,176 4,047 2,583 3,247 Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 7 4 3 3 Q 5,908 4,025 2,641 3,015 Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 386 125 78 62 11 9,874 6,402 4,240 3,745 455

Food Sales ....................................... 226 84 51 31 Q 1,255 677 395 412 Q

Food Service ..................................... 297 284 129 200 38 1,654 1,611 818 1,280 174

Health Care ....................................... 129 12 8 6 Q 3,163 1,922 1,187 1,616 Q

 Inpatient ......................................... 8 7 4 6 Q 1,905 1,819 1,125 1,572 Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 121 Q Q Q Q 1,258 Q Q Q Q

Lodging ............................................. 142 47 28 29 Q 5,096 3,184 1,741 2,660 Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 443 14 4 11 Q 4,317 771 493 641 Q

Office ................................................ 824 23 17 12 N 12,208 3,077 2,041 1,946 N

Public Assembly ............................... 277 73 34 30 Q 3,939 1,506 623 1,133 Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 71 14 Q Q Q 1,090 543 Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 370 108 51 60 Q 3,754 1,552 810 1,000 Q

Service .............................................. 622 Q Q Q N 4,050 Q Q Q N

Warehouse and Storage ................... 597 Q Q Q Q 10,078 Q Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 79 Q Q Q Q 1,738 Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 182 Q Q Q Q 2,567 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 330 71 32 41 Q 3,769 1,362 664 1,042 Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 527 87 40 61 Q 6,871 2,242 946 1,810 Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 562 119 60 60 Q 7,045 3,156 1,709 1,996 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 579 92 42 52 Q 8,101 2,669 1,766 1,510 Q

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 731 112 68 64 13 10,772 3,431 2,233 2,412 214

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 707 112 65 51 20 10,332 3,677 2,450 2,384 278

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 876 144 69 90 Q 12,360 3,597 2,127 2,777 Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 334 65 35 37 Q 5,533 2,104 1,264 1,506 Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 726 157 57 88 35 12,905 5,016 2,495 3,580 396

 New England .................................. 233 53 14 18 29 2,964 938 537 474 266

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 493 104 43 70 Q 9,941 4,078 1,958 3,106 Q

Midwest ............................................ 1,266 206 112 123 25 17,080 5,850 3,784 3,965 233

 East North Central .......................... 696 131 73 90 Q 11,595 4,378 2,934 3,052 Q

 West North Central ......................... 571 75 39 33 Q 5,485 1,472 850 913 Q

South ................................................ 1,775 304 176 167 27 23,489 7,881 4,900 5,480 451

 South Atlantic ................................. 874 149 94 73 17 12,258 4,198 2,611 2,741 374

 East South Central .......................... 348 59 32 29 Q 3,393 1,055 665 786 Q

 West South Central ......................... 553 96 50 64 Q 7,837 2,628 1,623 1,953 Q

West ................................................. 878 134 64 79 20 11,310 3,489 1,982 2,412 381

 Mountain ......................................... 299 46 27 21 Q 3,675 1,209 791 796 Q

 Pacific ............................................. 580 88 37 57 Q 7,635 2,280 1,192 1,616 Q

Buildings

with

Cooking

Table B33. Cooking Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Cooking

All

Buildings*

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables
Electricity

Natural

Gas Propane

ElectricityNatural

Gas Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 801 410 457 108 64,783 22,237 13,161 15,438 1,460

Buildings

with

Cooking

Table B33. Cooking Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Cooking

All

Buildings*

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 855 145 69 65 40 10,622 3,302 2,123 2,217 354

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 1,173 227 125 141 19 17,335 6,369 4,210 4,071 259

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 673 102 45 65 Q 11,504 4,736 2,235 3,464 Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 1,276 210 101 127 19 15,739 4,621 2,472 3,518 387

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 669 116 70 58 Q 9,584 3,208 2,120 2,167 Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 2,653 301 154 131 56 15,492 1,886 887 933 324

5 to 9 ................................................ 778 152 63 97 25 6,166 1,172 567 723 144

10 to 19 ............................................. 563 134 65 88 Q 7,803 2,010 908 1,494 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 398 115 69 75 Q 10,989 3,829 2,238 2,644 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 147 53 33 36 Q 7,934 3,699 2,487 2,665 Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 77 31 17 19 Q 6,871 3,515 2,137 2,417 Q

250 or More ...................................... 30 14 9 10 Q 9,528 6,126 3,937 4,562 Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 1,002 127 66 57 Q 6,863 1,123 607 608 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 1,117 72 45 35 Q 11,622 2,805 1,820 1,567 Q

49 to 60 ............................................. 1,062 141 70 87 Q 15,723 4,509 3,036 3,082 Q

61 to 84 ............................................. 591 169 84 101 25 10,334 3,438 1,781 2,048 306

85 to 167 ........................................... 400 174 83 102 29 7,092 3,039 1,924 2,074 224

Open Continuously ........................... 475 117 63 75 12 13,149 7,324 3,993 6,059 467

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 4,404 801 410 457 108 63,307 22,237 13,161 15,438 1,460

Natural Gas ...................................... 2,391 564 261 457 Q 43,468 18,656 10,311 15,438 Q

Fuel Oil ............................................. 451 115 52 51 35 15,157 8,987 5,392 6,655 672

District Heat ...................................... 67 9 4 7 Q 5,443 1,926 1,337 1,281 Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 33 6 4 3 Q 2,853 1,274 936 900 Q

Propane ............................................ 502 148 56 12 108 7,076 2,673 1,432 912 1,460

Other ................................................ 132 17 7 5 Q 1,401 599 444 383 Q

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 1,910 316 219 116 40 27,490 8,295 6,222 4,537 398

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,445 426 189 354 Q 28,820 13,909 7,474 11,840 Q

Fuel Oil ............................................. 94 32 10 14 Q 1,880 1,265 490 883 246

District Heat ...................................... 27 3 2 2 Q 3,088 1,248 911 834 Q

Propane ............................................ 128 59 18 N 47 1,422 796 304 N 714

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas Propane

ElectricityNatural

Gas Propane

All Buildings* .................................. 4,645 801 410 457 108 64,783 22,237 13,161 15,438 1,460

Buildings

with

Cooking

Table B33. Cooking Energy Sources, Number of Buildings and Floorspace for Non-Mall 

Buildings, 2003

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with

Cooking

All

Buildings*

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 3,982 764 392 439 101 60,028 21,725 12,942 15,125 1,335

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 3,625 743 378 444 85 56,940 21,451 12,695 15,127 1,263

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 3,472 787 407 451 101 56,478 21,914 13,003 15,296 1,437

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 801 801 410 457 108 22,237 22,237 13,161 15,438 1,460

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 119 9 Q 3 Q 3,138 623 Q 400 Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 149 58 38 37 Q 12,821 8,028 5,403 6,071 Q

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS web site 

- http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 6.9 

billion square feet.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy 

Consumption Survey. 

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

CONTINUED