Table A44. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All

Buildings

Total

Heated

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

0.6 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.6 2.2 1.6 1.2 0.7

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 653 688 618 2,846 67,876 51,200 6,211 11,195 10,211 40,260 5.6

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 448 340 294 1,600 7,327 5,281 1,150 1,014 844 4,319 7.2

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 99 156 152 568 7,199 5,370 724 1,182 1,115 4,178 6.8

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 64 116 96 371 10,375 7,780 979 1,801 1,546 6,050 8.4

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 27 46 40 167 10,069 7,521 995 1,665 1,415 5,995 12.0

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 6 13 19 77 8,062 6,665 473 937 1,289 5,364 12.5

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 7 10 11 43 9,678 7,233 983 1,395 1,590 5,710 16.5

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 2 4 4 16 7,889 6,287 425 1,148 1,168 5,148 17.1

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 Q 2 1 5 7,278 5,063 Q 2,054 1,245 3,497 32.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 Q Q 30 259 8,470 8,161 Q Q 1,105 7,143 13.2

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q Q 29 79 757 636 Q Q 189 468 23.2

 Food Service ................................. 260 Q 21 50 178 1,491 1,259 Q 165 337 934 17.4

 Health Care .................................... 63 Q Q 11 50 1,763 1,705 Q Q 253 1,471 22.4

 Lodging .......................................... 154 Q Q 20 124 2,891 2,724 Q Q 601 2,185 19.9

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 68 208 210 786 12,402 9,790 619 2,287 2,310 7,186 11.1

 Office .............................................. 749 Q 43 141 561 12,319 11,127 Q 787 3,031 8,437 10.5

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 7 7 Q Q 1,652 134 487 1,094 Q Q 28.6

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 Q 36 33 188 4,556 3,936 Q 501 402 3,487 21.7

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q Q Q 45 820 785 Q Q Q 729 34.4

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 Q 20 36 306 3,747 3,493 Q 297 397 3,041 18.8

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 325 243 38 155 11,484 4,942 2,771 4,287 1,207 3,219 12.2

 Other .............................................. 69 Q Q Q 36 1,130 876 Q Q Q 729 25.7

 Vacant ............................................ 319 170 67 Q 73 4,396 1,631 1,769 1,212 Q 1,194 15.2

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 Q 35 32 88 1,721 1,319 Q 332 313 973 20.9

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 24 45 38 147 3,608 2,642 325 764 590 1,930 19.1

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 106 135 110 374 8,712 5,849 1,119 2,015 1,208 4,371 12.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 121 115 109 535 10,421 7,888 1,053 1,495 1,581 6,292 11.5

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 99 115 97 473 12,612 9,702 1,084 2,040 2,061 7,427 11.1

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 145 114 125 598 14,014 10,725 1,292 1,966 2,039 8,716 9.9

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 124 117 98 544 14,287 11,068 1,036 2,304 2,074 8,873 11.7

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 21 11 Q 87 2,502 2,006 199 279 345 1,679 18.2

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 77 98 111 484 13,400 10,640 646 2,479 2,114 8,161 11.2

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 168 163 143 727 17,280 14,107 1,120 2,034 2,249 11,876 10.1

 South .............................................. 1,963 280 298 229 1,155 24,577 17,550 2,983 4,414 3,107 14,073 9.4

 West ............................................... 870 128 128 135 480 12,619 8,903 1,460 2,268 2,740 6,151 12.6

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 467 686 616 2,846 66,549 51,194 4,894 11,191 10,204 40,260 5.8

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 47 374 425 1,820 45,097 37,980 647 7,038 7,694 29,718 8.5

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 Q 84 85 378 13,218 11,413 Q 1,357 2,696 8,760 11.9

 District Heat .................................... 95 Q 4 9 82 5,339 4,887 Q 385 815 4,106 22.3

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q Q 3 23 2,066 1,852 Q Q 394 1,493 28.8

 Propane .......................................... 337 Q 58 49 218 3,393 2,645 Q 659 726 1,924 18.6

 Any Other ....................................... 163 Q 51 Q 84 1,551 1,147 Q 324 Q 923 22.9

See footnotes at end of table.

176 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A44. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All

Buildings

Total

Heated

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

0.6 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.6 2.2 1.6 1.2 0.7

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 25 688 618 2,846 61,996 51,200 330 11,195 10,211 40,260 6.9

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 66 508 538 2,390 57,041 46,735 1,067 9,796 9,553 36,626 7.5

 Buildings with Water

 Heating .......................................... 3,502 73 492 539 2,398 58,479 48,559 888 9,557 9,745 38,289 6.9

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 19 59 133 523 23,065 20,546 Q 2,044 4,280 16,332 10.9

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ............................... 121 Q 26 31 58 3,174 2,292 Q 859 710 1,513 21.3

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................. 399 59 45 55 240 5,623 4,494 453 607 810 3,753 20.5

 5,500-7,000 HDD ......................... 1,134 125 153 159 697 18,024 14,913 905 2,423 2,786 11,910 13.7

 4,000-5,499 HDD ......................... 1,077 122 149 122 684 16,162 12,319 1,376 2,794 2,132 9,859 16.3

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,101 152 169 130 651 15,251 10,715 1,725 2,987 2,395 8,145 17.1

 More than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,095 196 171 153 575 12,816 8,758 1,751 2,384 2,088 6,593 14.6

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ......................................... 3,115 280 404 424 2,008 48,585 38,566 3,299 7,050 7,350 30,886 6.6

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 764 131 90 107 436 3,873 2,859 572 422 638 2,241 11.4

 Metal Panels .................................. 745 220 159 56 310 7,392 3,671 1,802 2,185 803 2,603 12.1

 Concrete Panels ............................. 87 12 16 11 48 4,961 3,583 300 1,259 801 2,600 20.4

 Window Glass ................................ 46 Q Q 9 23 2,028 1,644 Q Q 398 1,244 27.1

 Other .............................................. 47 Q Q 13 20 1,037 877 Q Q 221 686 35.8

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up .......................................... 1,642 160 257 243 983 30,257 23,789 2,126 4,328 5,398 18,405 8.1

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 1,381 144 152 177 908 10,570 8,362 843 1,523 1,435 6,769 9.8

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 1,037 283 211 91 452 9,019 4,729 1,990 2,653 915 3,462 10.8

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 386 19 33 54 280 11,702 10,392 206 1,168 1,682 8,647 13.6

 Slate or Tile .................................... 155 Q 13 17 110 1,998 1,693 Q 194 302 1,368 23.7

 Concrete ......................................... 37 15 6 Q 14 2,544 758 806 1,156 96 485 30.9

 Other .............................................. 167 Q Q 35 100 1,786 1,477 Q Q 383 1,125 22.5

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 532 409 327 1,739 25,424 17,666 3,482 4,608 2,878 14,456 8.5

 Two ................................................ 1,154 87 190 160 716 18,025 14,211 877 3,386 2,823 10,939 8.1

 Three .............................................. 446 25 62 90 268 9,877 8,087 698 1,047 1,809 6,324 12.6

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 9 26 38 114 10,377 7,687 966 1,725 1,744 5,943 16.2

 Ten or More .................................... 13 Q 2 2 9 4,173 3,549 Q Q 957 2,599 24.2

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 620 638 513 2,422 51,356 36,753 5,813 9,581 6,761 29,201 6.1

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 26 41 78 344 11,815 10,169 324 1,371 2,379 7,741 11.9

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 Q Q 24 59 3,206 2,911 Q Q 876 2,147 18.7

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 Q Q 3 21 1,499 1,366 Q Q 195 1,171 30.8

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 586 442 265 1,424 17,944 10,188 4,578 3,678 1,318 8,371 9.0

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 36 127 154 578 7,524 5,541 455 1,659 1,265 4,146 10.1

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 23 69 100 370 8,077 5,714 Q 1,992 1,247 4,286 11.7

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 Q 35 63 303 10,556 8,974 Q 1,350 1,801 7,206 10.4

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 Q 9 18 101 7,763 6,601 Q 1,123 1,200 5,329 14.9

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 Q 4 10 49 7,378 6,730 Q 486 1,425 5,412 17.0

 250 or More .................................... 31 Q 1 8 22 8,633 7,450 Q 907 1,956 5,511 16.8

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 177
Table A44. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All

Buildings

Total

Heated

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

0.6 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.6 2.2 1.6 1.2 0.7

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 323 109 78 528 8,246 5,005 2,369 1,083 467 4,327 11.0

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 100 215 164 799 14,998 11,236 1,309 2,579 2,096 9,015 9.1

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 87 182 152 583 14,046 10,662 845 2,635 2,877 7,690 9.5

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 43 89 105 407 12,062 9,925 541 1,654 2,227 7,639 11.9

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 43 60 81 294 8,467 6,546 409 1,771 1,275 5,012 13.1

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 56 33 38 235 10,057 7,826 737 1,473 1,269 6,577 15.9

Additional Operating Hours for

Equipment Use

 Heating and/or Cooling .................. 1,223 Q 130 198 882 20,300 17,349 Q 2,614 3,571 13,695 9.7

 Lighting ........................................... 633 33 101 116 384 12,886 10,398 528 2,154 2,249 7,955 12.0

 Heating and/or Cooling

 and Lighting ................................... 371 Q 34 76 257 8,717 7,300 Q 1,231 1,542 5,656 15.7

 No Additional Hours ....................... 3,320 612 491 381 1,837 43,407 30,753 5,549 7,659 5,933 24,267 7.3

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent ................................... 362 36 62 84 179 12,420 9,716 559 2,112 3,021 6,729 13.0

 51-99 Percent ................................. 97 Q 45 7 32 2,263 1,221 Q 1,020 210 809 26.1

 100 Percent .................................... 398 202 49 11 136 4,109 1,821 1,792 606 94 1,617 15.8

 None ............................................... 3,948 402 531 516 2,499 49,085 38,443 3,636 7,458 6,887 31,105 6.4

Space-Heating Energy Source

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 1,513 Q 283 224 999 25,636 19,934 Q 5,932 4,569 14,983 9.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,405 Q 353 392 1,654 38,524 32,467 Q 6,524 6,596 25,235 7.2

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 479 Q 73 70 330 7,334 6,541 Q 702 1,444 5,148 14.5

 District Heat .................................... 94 Q 4 9 80 5,242 4,805 Q 385 815 4,024 22.4

 Propane .......................................... 255 Q 51 34 163 1,568 1,175 Q 393 285 858 23.1

 Wood .............................................. 102 Q 36 Q 49 504 306 Q 211 Q 188 24.8

 Any Other ....................................... 39 Q Q Q 26 661 491 Q Q Q 444 62.9

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ........................................ 1,107 Q 220 160 720 15,502 11,600 Q 4,044 2,406 8,980 11.2

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,276 Q 332 361 1,576 35,161 29,755 Q 5,783 6,064 23,226 7.5

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 394 Q 62 53 276 4,415 3,896 Q 495 815 3,072 18.3

 District Heat .................................... 91 Q 3 9 79 5,014 4,601 Q 381 725 3,890 23.3

 Propane .......................................... 217 Q 40 26 146 1,101 794 Q 302 160 610 25.8

 Wood .............................................. 68 Q Q Q Q 257 145 Q Q Q Q 35.7

 Any Other ....................................... Q Q Q Q Q 546 Q Q Q Q Q 71.6

Replacemant Energy Source for

Primary Heating

 Electricity Only ............................... 350 Q 71 55 223 2,559 1,958 Q 674 480 1,389 15.3

 Natural Gas Only ............................ 213 Q 40 29 143 2,260 1,830 Q 459 279 1,479 19.7

 Fuel Oil Only .................................. 161 Q 25 31 103 5,451 4,926 Q 527 779 4,140 18.4

 Propane Only ................................. 212 Q 46 28 135 2,174 1,822 Q 336 366 1,438 19.2

 Any Other Single

 Energy Source .............................. 57 Q Q Q 34 477 362 Q Q Q 153 39.3

 More than One

 Energy Source .............................. 93 Q Q Q 71 895 743 Q Q Q 566 25.8

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 587 180 81 456 10,835 4,465 5,144 1,399 657 3,635 10.3

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 48 459 149 520 21,715 14,054 657 8,453 2,745 9,860 9.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 Q 23 337 294 13,872 11,915 Q Q 6,041 6,764 10.3

 100 ................................................. 1,668 15 26 51 1,576 21,454 20,766 168 517 767 20,001 13.6

See footnotes at end of table.

178 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A44. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All

Buildings

Total

Heated

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

0.6 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.6 2.2 1.6 1.2 0.7

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 315 29 Q 55 3,280 758 2,327 214 Q 661 17.5

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 130 344 83 325 9,980 5,326 1,540 3,942 857 3,641 10.7

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 36 66 255 456 14,224 12,007 Q 1,325 4,535 7,951 11.5

 100 ................................................. 2,699 172 249 267 2,011 40,393 33,109 1,929 5,714 4,742 28,007 7.6

Heating Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................... 449 Q 74 68 307 8,269 6,647 Q 1,611 1,908 4,750 13.5

 Furnaces ........................................ 1,692 Q 241 267 1,184 16,909 13,366 Q 4,139 2,671 10,099 8.3

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 Q 352 210 902 22,380 17,295 Q 5,663 3,667 13,049 8.6

 District Heat .................................... 93 Q 4 9 80 5,225 4,805 Q 385 815 4,024 22.4

 Boilers ............................................ 624 Q 47 93 484 20,664 19,125 Q 1,366 3,551 15,747 10.6

 Packaged Heating Units ................. 870 Q 96 166 608 16,000 13,423 Q 2,623 3,519 9,857 11.3

 Other .............................................. 42 Q Q Q 36 903 813 Q Q Q 625 32.3

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ............... 473 Q 33 68 372 13,263 12,374 Q 742 2,347 10,173 12.2

 Ducts for Heating ......................... 2,955 Q 384 467 2,104 45,422 38,208 Q 7,757 7,852 29,813 6.5

 Heating Only .............................. 577 Q 102 85 391 5,950 4,658 Q 1,673 809 3,468 13.1

 Heating and Cooling ................... 2,378 Q 282 382 1,714 39,472 33,550 Q 6,084 7,043 26,345 7.2

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used ............................. 210 Q 11 31 168 11,528 10,403 Q 1,255 1,764 8,508 17.5

 Fan Coil Units for

 Heating ........................................ 99 Q 11 12 76 5,474 4,973 Q 404 1,190 3,881 18.0

 Heating Only .............................. 78 Q Q 11 60 3,569 3,303 Q Q 897 2,488 20.0

 Heating and Cooling ................... 21 Q Q 2 16 1,906 1,669 Q Q 293 1,393 26.1

 Individual Space Heaters ............... 1,464 Q 352 210 902 22,380 17,295 Q 5,663 3,667 13,049 8.6

 Other .............................................. 181 Q 24 37 120 3,310 2,919 Q 416 740 2,154 20.3

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 3,343 196 431 475 2,241 50,311 41,248 2,154 7,135 8,462 32,559 6.4

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 126 307 325 1,563 33,240 27,871 1,170 4,163 5,672 22,235 7.9

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 1,680 44 189 255 1,193 29,684 25,883 327 3,584 4,674 21,099 9.2

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ............................... 1,068 53 136 162 718 25,396 21,475 587 3,437 4,596 16,776 10.9

 Exterior or Interior

 Shading or Awnings ...................... 1,853 52 240 301 1,259 34,071 29,282 744 3,887 6,291 23,149 7.9

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 198 297 279 1,345 28,937 23,120 1,738 4,442 4,202 18,555 7.9

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume

 System .......................................... 250 Q 16 35 196 13,970 12,514 Q 1,475 2,100 10,302 15.0

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 414 Q 35 62 311 18,313 16,401 Q 1,908 3,119 13,204 12.7

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 2,503 38 319 347 1,799 49,173 41,573 885 7,032 7,481 33,776 7.8

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 179
Table A44. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings 

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

All

Buildings

Total

Heated

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Heated

Less

than 51

Percent

Heated

51 to 99

Percent

Heated

100

Percent

Heated

0.6 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.6 2.2 1.6 1.2 0.7

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 3,400 Q 581 525 2,280 46,248 38,248 Q 8,552 8,053 29,493 5.8

 Cooling ........................................... 2,872 53 427 452 1,939 42,768 34,944 771 7,616 7,616 26,765 7.6

 Hot Water ....................................... 578 22 94 78 385 9,966 8,578 115 1,340 1,926 6,585 11.6

 Lighting ........................................... 4,089 340 626 561 2,562 54,944 42,646 3,551 9,474 8,837 33,082 5.8

 Other .............................................. 547 24 79 102 342 7,996 6,210 156 1,725 1,765 4,350 15.4

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control

 System .......................................... 236 Q 12 35 188 14,320 13,229 Q 877 2,708 10,707 15.1

 Demand-Side

 Management

 Participation .................................. 315 Q 34 45 234 11,310 9,932 Q 1,360 1,878 8,010 13.4

 Energy Audit ................................... 521 17 51 78 376 14,779 12,437 512 1,707 2,709 9,852 12.3

 Building Energy

 Manager ........................................ 49 Q 7 6 36 2,311 2,035 Q 323 289 1,699 27.8

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

180 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A45. Percent of Floorspace Cooled, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

All

Buildings

Total

Cooled

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

0.6 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.1

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 1,304 1,176 658 1,668 67,876 36,457 10,835 21,715 13,872 21,454 5.3

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 889 507 299 987 7,327 3,714 2,332 1,531 830 2,633 7.1

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 216 279 152 327 7,199 3,802 1,598 2,091 1,136 2,374 6.6

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 128 215 108 196 10,375 5,354 2,012 3,398 1,753 3,213 8.5

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 44 103 46 87 10,069 5,167 1,635 3,696 1,652 3,087 11.0

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 12 38 27 39 8,062 4,646 878 2,703 1,785 2,697 11.2

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 12 21 16 22 9,678 4,999 1,606 2,932 2,247 2,893 14.2

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 2 9 8 7 7,889 4,386 672 2,705 2,371 2,141 16.5

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 Q 4 2 Q 7,278 4,389 Q 2,660 2,098 2,416 28.7

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 49 52 39 160 8,470 4,426 1,080 3,008 1,538 2,844 12.1

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q Q 25 70 757 598 Q Q 235 377 20.4

 Food Service ................................. 260 Q 42 72 130 1,491 1,142 Q 361 449 638 14.2

 Health Care .................................... 63 Q Q 15 40 1,763 1,591 Q Q 576 1,081 18.1

 Lodging .......................................... 154 34 12 31 77 2,891 2,074 398 356 891 1,246 18.9

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 330 457 163 322 12,402 6,998 1,528 4,088 3,332 3,454 9.5

 Office .............................................. 749 Q 84 187 460 12,319 10,485 Q 1,238 4,662 6,298 9.0

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 11 10 Q Q 1,652 78 731 891 Q Q 32.6

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 70 56 40 112 4,556 3,217 479 902 808 2,367 18.3

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q 30 Q 9 820 404 Q 392 Q 186 28.3

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 80 41 39 206 3,747 2,192 626 1,015 450 1,657 16.1

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 437 282 18 24 11,484 1,648 3,599 7,090 392 402 13.9

 Other .............................................. 69 25 20 10 15 1,130 617 90 478 260 301 23.6

 Vacant ............................................ 319 205 62 Q 44 4,396 989 2,014 1,693 Q 598 16.4

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 50 67 24 28 1,721 672 414 828 228 251 19.4

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 86 68 44 58 3,608 1,366 849 1,555 679 526 17.7

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 234 190 106 195 8,712 3,511 2,126 3,240 1,492 1,853 11.5

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 237 250 111 282 10,421 4,647 2,161 3,942 1,636 2,682 9.7

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 220 181 103 279 12,612 6,994 2,011 3,604 3,167 3,830 10.2

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 241 212 142 387 14,014 8,497 1,728 3,881 3,035 5,370 8.7

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 202 191 112 379 14,287 9,055 1,302 4,132 3,045 5,807 11.0

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 35 17 16 60 2,502 1,716 244 534 590 1,134 18.1

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 250 241 125 155 13,400 5,847 2,242 5,640 3,049 2,469 11.0

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 417 287 170 327 17,280 8,393 2,898 6,318 3,825 4,240 9.4

 South .............................................. 1,963 394 486 244 839 24,577 15,202 3,372 6,482 4,097 10,627 8.7

 West ............................................... 870 243 161 119 347 12,619 7,015 2,323 3,275 2,902 4,118 11.2

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 1,114 1,176 658 1,668 66,549 36,457 9,508 21,715 13,872 21,454 5.3

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 402 740 457 1,065 45,097 26,496 3,674 15,579 10,765 15,079 6.5

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 180 191 79 108 13,218 8,061 1,137 3,991 4,085 4,005 11.1

 District Heat .................................... 95 14 24 18 39 5,339 3,299 552 1,466 1,562 1,758 16.8

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q Q 6 20 2,066 1,650 Q Q 702 988 22.4

 Propane .......................................... 337 107 106 46 78 3,393 1,388 556 1,556 608 674 16.7

 Any Other ....................................... 163 93 47 Q 14 1,551 424 435 724 Q 190 22.8

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 181
Table A45. Percent of Floorspace Cooled, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

All

Buildings

Total

Cooled

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

0.6 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 739 1,131 654 1,655 61,996 36,003 5,923 21,153 13,631 21,289 5.5

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 Q 1,176 658 1,668 57,041 36,457 Q 21,715 13,872 21,454 5.4

 Buildings with Water

 Heating .......................................... 3,502 485 992 606 1,418 58,479 34,691 4,640 19,984 13,574 20,281 5.9

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 71 159 178 326 23,065 16,180 1,062 5,471 7,211 9,321 10.0

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ............................... 121 29 59 22 11 3,174 956 304 2,104 461 306 18.9

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................. 399 170 95 57 77 5,623 2,424 1,356 1,969 919 1,379 18.0

 5,500-7,000 HDD ......................... 1,134 368 304 180 282 18,024 8,590 3,047 6,800 4,304 3,872 12.1

 4,000-5,499 HDD ......................... 1,077 324 279 143 332 16,162 8,125 2,613 5,670 3,537 4,342 14.9

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,101 263 231 132 475 15,251 9,012 2,382 4,008 2,871 5,991 16.7

 More than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................ 1,095 180 266 146 503 12,816 8,306 1,437 3,268 2,241 5,870 14.0

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ......................................... 3,115 625 758 483 1,249 48,585 27,375 6,501 15,472 9,925 16,686 5.9

 Siding or Shingles .......................... 764 291 121 117 236 3,873 1,852 1,248 849 707 1,068 10.6

 Metal Panels .................................. 745 351 242 30 121 7,392 1,951 2,538 3,339 481 1,034 13.7

 Concrete Panels ............................. 87 17 29 14 28 4,961 2,915 397 1,583 1,663 1,317 18.4

 Window Glass ................................ 46 Q Q 10 21 2,028 1,605 Q Q 878 796 23.2

 Other .............................................. 47 Q 19 Q 13 1,037 759 Q 170 216 552 31.3

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up .......................................... 1,642 323 436 256 627 30,257 17,289 3,853 9,401 6,321 10,682 7.3

 Shingles (Not Wood) ...................... 1,381 357 252 214 559 10,570 5,908 1,965 2,933 2,082 3,591 9.0

 Metal Surfacing .............................. 1,037 461 319 69 188 9,019 2,837 2,942 3,839 689 1,548 11.2

 Synthetic or Rubber ....................... 386 67 103 64 151 11,702 7,641 809 3,097 3,812 3,984 10.7

 Slate or Tile .................................... 155 42 18 27 67 1,998 1,033 390 543 408 656 18.6

 Concrete ......................................... 37 10 13 Q 10 2,544 728 635 1,367 225 318 31.8

 Other .............................................. 167 43 35 25 64 1,786 1,021 242 535 335 674 18.8

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 942 658 301 1,106 25,424 12,555 5,572 8,053 3,336 8,463 8.0

 Two ................................................ 1,154 238 312 196 407 18,025 9,877 2,276 6,267 3,561 5,921 7.5

 Three .............................................. 446 92 137 115 102 9,877 5,172 1,255 3,359 2,580 2,684 10.7

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 31 65 41 49 10,377 5,697 1,622 3,155 2,616 2,985 14.0

 Ten or More .................................... 13 Q 3 4 5 4,173 3,156 Q 881 1,780 1,402 20.7

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 1,206 1,045 541 1,401 51,356 25,689 9,666 17,378 8,678 15,634 5.8

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 80 109 85 216 11,815 7,212 942 3,594 3,264 4,015 10.4

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 14 18 28 33 3,206 2,285 175 598 1,427 1,006 19.3

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 Q Q 4 17 1,499 1,271 Q Q 502 800 26.7

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 1,096 582 251 790 17,944 6,736 7,225 4,650 1,249 4,820 9.5

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 115 268 143 369 7,524 3,567 1,276 3,132 1,056 2,061 8.6

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 60 162 114 226 8,077 3,822 1,123 3,447 1,287 2,221 11.2

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 20 113 92 179 10,556 6,048 566 4,190 2,391 3,410 10.9

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 12 37 26 55 7,763 4,216 450 3,265 1,497 2,551 13.8

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 Q 12 18 33 7,378 4,869 Q 2,228 2,007 2,960 13.8

 250 or More .................................... 31 Q 1 14 15 8,633 7,199 Q 804 4,386 3,430 14.6

See footnotes at end of table.

182 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A45. Percent of Floorspace Cooled, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

All

Buildings

Total

Cooled

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

0.6 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.1

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 526 127 80 306 8,246 2,790 3,614 2,176 521 1,935 10.8

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 271 341 184 482 14,998 7,657 2,441 5,216 2,726 4,616 8.5

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 217 346 133 307 14,046 7,368 1,828 5,317 2,784 4,118 8.4

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 116 197 102 230 12,062 7,422 904 3,796 3,123 4,238 9.6

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 73 106 99 200 8,467 4,897 725 2,860 2,379 2,504 12.0

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 100 59 60 142 10,057 6,324 1,324 2,351 2,340 4,043 14.7

Additional Operating Hours for

Equipment Use

 Heating and/or Cooling .................. 1,223 189 327 227 479 20,300 11,845 1,677 7,124 5,315 6,185 8.7

 Lighting ........................................... 633 109 172 128 224 12,886 8,014 860 4,003 3,781 4,243 10.1

 Heating and/or Cooling

 and Lighting ................................... 371 35 98 89 149 8,717 5,561 367 2,753 2,670 2,927 14.2

 No Additional Hours ....................... 3,320 1,041 775 391 1,114 43,407 22,159 8,666 13,341 7,447 13,953 7.0

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent ................................... 362 55 98 84 125 12,420 8,384 583 3,003 4,844 3,990 11.5

 51-99 Percent ................................. 97 27 40 7 23 2,263 1,013 253 1,183 196 630 24.3

 100 Percent .................................... 398 251 58 8 81 4,109 915 2,233 1,124 105 646 16.7

 None ............................................... 3,948 970 980 559 1,439 49,085 26,145 7,765 16,406 8,727 16,187 5.8

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 3,404 Q 1,154 643 1,608 54,628 34,628 Q 21,068 13,370 20,191 5.5

 Natural Gas .................................... 106 Q 31 17 59 1,906 1,535 Q 456 380 1,070 19.7

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q Q 6 20 2,066 1,650 Q Q 702 988 22.4

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 587 48 Q 15 6,211 460 5,144 657 Q 168 20.6

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 180 459 23 26 11,195 2,697 1,399 8,453 Q 517 13.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 81 149 337 51 10,211 6,034 657 2,745 6,041 767 11.0

 100 ................................................. 2,846 456 520 294 1,576 40,260 27,266 3,635 9,860 6,764 20,001 6.3

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 359 24 Q 25 3,280 314 2,501 562 Q 206 18.5

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 301 374 64 142 9,980 3,260 2,758 4,867 802 1,553 10.6

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 148 170 251 244 14,224 8,878 1,166 3,952 4,855 4,251 10.6

 100 ................................................. 2,699 496 608 339 1,256 40,393 24,005 4,409 12,334 8,205 15,444 6.3

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ............................. 816 Q 259 168 389 9,021 5,284 Q 4,166 1,961 2,894 9.7

 Heat Pumps ................................... 454 Q 111 79 263 8,406 5,451 Q 3,024 1,832 3,550 11.1

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................. 1,023 Q 568 191 265 17,979 8,146 Q 10,452 3,767 3,761 11.2

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q Q 6 20 2,066 1,650 Q Q 702 988 22.4

 Central Chillers ............................... 142 Q 20 46 76 12,991 10,863 Q 1,752 4,712 6,527 14.5

 Packaged Air

 Conditioning Units ......................... 1,459 Q 346 317 796 27,830 19,229 Q 9,007 7,824 10,999 7.0

 Swamp Coolers .............................. 179 Q 57 31 91 2,085 1,442 Q 659 652 774 25.1

 Other .............................................. 8 Q Q Q Q 268 228 Q Q Q Q 57.4

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 183
Table A45. Percent of Floorspace Cooled, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

All

Buildings

Total

Cooled

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not

Cooled

Less

than 51

Percent

Cooled

51 to 99

Percent

Cooled

100

Percent

Cooled

0.6 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.1

Cooling Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Ducts for Cooling ............................ 2,733 Q 698 557 1,478 47,755 33,106 Q 15,366 12,367 20,022 5.7

 Cooling Only ................................. 355 Q 147 68 140 8,283 5,165 Q 3,478 1,898 2,908 11.6

 Heating and Cooling ..................... 2,378 Q 551 489 1,338 39,472 27,941 Q 11,888 10,469 17,115 5.9

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used ............................... 221 Q 38 50 134 12,430 10,197 Q 1,936 3,887 6,607 12.5

 Fan Coil Units for Cooling .............. 56 Q 17 14 25 3,875 2,914 Q 942 1,352 1,581 19.8

 Cooling Only ................................. 35 Q 14 8 13 1,969 1,343 Q 699 574 697 30.7

 Heating and Cooling ..................... 21 Q Q 5 12 1,906 1,572 Q Q 778 884 18.8

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................. 1,023 Q 568 191 265 17,979 8,146 Q 10,452 3,767 3,761 11.2

 Other .............................................. 111 Q 45 23 44 2,919 2,202 Q 695 1,084 1,139 22.0

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 3,343 616 835 531 1,362 50,311 30,272 5,124 15,497 11,573 18,116 5.6

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 412 549 356 1,004 33,240 21,638 2,963 8,977 7,713 13,588 6.8

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 1,680 275 426 314 665 29,684 18,672 2,354 9,092 7,158 11,080 7.9

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ............................... 1,068 91 261 195 521 25,396 17,541 1,046 6,787 7,107 10,456 9.3

 Exterior or Interior

 Shading or Awnings ...................... 1,853 147 496 381 829 34,071 22,553 1,873 9,868 8,975 13,356 7.5

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 604 568 277 670 28,937 13,930 4,971 10,559 5,478 7,929 7.3

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume

 System .......................................... 250 14 47 51 138 13,970 10,724 244 2,655 4,375 6,697 13.6

 Economizer Cycle .......................... 414 Q 105 103 206 18,313 14,038 Q 4,005 6,384 7,924 10.8

 HVAC Maintenance ........................ 2,503 327 663 427 1,086 49,173 30,641 3,338 15,589 11,979 18,267 6.4

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 3,400 596 964 517 1,323 46,248 26,342 4,322 16,548 10,204 15,174 5.5

 Cooling ........................................... 2,872 Q 1,001 535 1,335 42,768 26,905 Q 16,782 10,766 15,221 5.3

 Hot Water ....................................... 578 133 172 77 195 9,966 5,639 1,135 3,304 2,410 3,117 10.6

 Lighting ........................................... 4,089 922 1,090 580 1,498 54,944 29,637 7,602 18,829 11,369 17,144 5.1

 Other .............................................. 547 101 156 101 189 7,996 4,339 704 3,095 1,993 2,204 13.8

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control

 System .......................................... 236 19 42 54 121 14,320 11,157 493 2,350 4,925 6,552 13.8

 Demand-Side

 Management

 Participation .................................. 315 48 82 72 113 11,310 7,290 643 3,141 3,605 3,920 12.2

 Energy Audit ................................... 521 97 134 107 184 14,779 8,810 1,143 4,763 4,251 4,622 10.1

 Building Energy

 Manager ........................................ 49 Q 7 14 22 2,311 1,606 Q 635 489 1,098 23.4

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

184 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A46. Percent of Floorspace Lit, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All

Buildings

Total

Lit

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

0.6 1.8 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.7 2.2 1.4 1.2 0.8

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 413 881 813 2,699 67,876 54,961 3,280 9,980 14,224 40,393 5.7

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 287 489 387 1,518 7,327 5,420 724 1,405 1,076 4,122 7.2

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 64 180 189 541 7,199 5,527 458 1,318 1,405 4,018 7.1

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 36 144 128 339 10,375 7,881 529 2,235 2,092 5,520 8.5

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 18 41 63 158 10,069 7,993 613 1,500 2,300 5,656 11.4

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 5 14 24 73 8,062 6,845 341 1,017 1,605 5,099 12.1

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 Q 11 13 46 9,678 8,154 Q 1,501 1,816 6,296 15.5

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 Q 2 5 19 7,889 7,025 Q 557 1,363 5,743 18.2

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 Q Q Q 4 7,278 6,116 Q Q 2,568 3,939 31.1

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 Q Q 56 238 8,470 8,119 Q Q 2,044 6,284 11.9

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 Q Q Q 93 757 698 Q Q Q 591 23.6

 Food Service ................................. 260 Q 28 52 180 1,491 1,257 Q 260 350 882 15.8

 Health Care .................................... 63 Q Q 19 38 1,763 1,688 Q Q 351 1,368 20.9

 Lodging .......................................... 154 Q 26 27 100 2,891 2,563 Q 342 599 1,948 20.2

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 Q 217 236 809 12,402 10,929 Q 1,274 2,759 8,335 10.1

 Office .............................................. 749 Q 77 197 475 12,319 11,170 Q 773 3,429 8,116 9.8

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 Q Q Q 15 1,652 1,562 Q Q Q 1,454 40.5

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 Q 90 58 128 4,556 3,517 Q 931 Q 1,806 17.1

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q Q 13 34 820 712 Q Q 196 542 33.3

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 Q 81 67 218 3,747 2,541 Q 1,446 799 1,503 16.9

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 168 241 50 303 11,484 8,353 756 2,928 1,266 6,535 11.9

 Other .............................................. 69 Q Q 11 42 1,130 963 Q Q 230 746 26.2

 Vacant ............................................ 319 221 63 Q 26 4,396 889 2,403 1,488 Q 282 16.6

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 Q 61 41 55 1,721 1,088 Q 652 429 560 18.9

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 23 79 52 101 3,608 2,309 321 1,175 946 1,166 18.8

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 76 168 122 359 8,712 6,643 654 1,584 1,535 4,939 12.5

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 78 151 150 501 10,421 8,127 554 1,862 2,115 5,890 10.8

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 55 138 132 458 12,612 10,704 457 1,523 2,264 8,369 11.4

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 83 150 163 586 14,014 11,838 630 1,414 2,982 8,988 10.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 74 114 138 558 14,287 12,084 512 1,489 3,539 8,745 11.9

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 Q 20 15 82 2,502 2,167 Q 280 413 1,737 20.8

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 46 170 171 384 13,400 11,215 454 1,763 3,098 8,085 12.1

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 138 245 210 609 17,280 13,556 1,031 2,771 3,914 9,565 9.7

 South .............................................. 1,963 178 344 283 1,158 24,577 19,815 1,193 3,759 4,613 15,013 9.6

 West ............................................... 870 51 123 148 549 12,619 10,375 601 1,688 2,599 7,731 13.7

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 223 881 813 2,699 66,549 54,961 1,952 9,980 14,224 40,393 5.7

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 50 488 504 1,623 45,097 38,236 650 6,381 9,745 28,321 7.6

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 Q 118 115 310 13,218 11,487 Q 1,382 3,202 8,401 12.4

 District Heat .................................... 95 Q 11 23 61 5,339 4,747 Q 336 1,119 3,704 19.4

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 Q Q 5 20 2,066 1,819 Q Q 394 1,444 25.7

 Propane .......................................... 337 Q 54 52 214 3,393 2,868 Q 484 571 2,263 18.8

 Any Other ....................................... 163 Q 48 28 74 1,551 1,196 Q 351 320 832 23.1

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 185
Table A46. Percent of Floorspace Lit, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All

Buildings

Total

Lit

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

0.6 1.8 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.7 2.2 1.4 1.2 0.8

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 103 760 780 2,536 61,996 52,476 1,047 8,527 13,822 38,601 6.1

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 54 580 665 2,203 57,041 48,813 779 7,222 13,058 35,984 6.7

 Buildings with Water

 Heating .......................................... 3,502 67 605 663 2,167 58,479 49,962 819 7,515 13,540 36,604 6.6

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 Q 111 154 463 23,065 20,477 Q 2,094 6,377 14,526 10.2

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ............................... 121 Q 27 17 73 3,174 2,592 Q 565 765 1,815 21.4

Floors

 One ................................................ 3,007 326 458 404 1,819 25,424 20,399 1,785 3,324 4,357 15,957 8.3

 Two ................................................ 1,154 61 262 234 598 18,025 14,363 560 3,554 3,789 10,121 8.1

 Three .............................................. 446 21 117 112 196 9,877 8,051 312 1,481 2,575 5,509 12.0

 Four to Nine ................................... 186 Q 44 59 80 10,377 8,564 Q 1,477 2,355 6,259 15.3

 Ten or More .................................... 13 Q 1 4 8 4,173 3,585 Q 143 1,147 2,546 24.4

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 391 803 688 2,311 51,356 40,844 2,677 8,465 9,946 30,268 6.1

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 14 69 103 305 11,815 9,854 514 1,281 3,260 6,759 12.7

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 Q 5 21 63 3,206 2,868 Q 137 866 2,131 19.2

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 Q Q 1 21 1,499 1,395 Q Q 152 1,234 31.1

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 407 665 352 1,294 17,944 10,700 3,185 4,775 2,779 7,205 9.3

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 Q 136 180 577 7,524 5,898 Q 1,914 1,518 4,086 9.0

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 Q 49 128 381 8,077 6,674 Q 1,433 1,604 4,986 11.6

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 Q 20 103 281 10,556 9,552 Q 806 2,723 6,994 10.0

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 Q 7 27 96 7,763 7,137 Q 578 1,496 5,689 17.3

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 Q Q 14 47 7,378 6,807 Q Q 2,007 5,072 15.6

 250 or More .................................... 31 Q Q 8 24 8,633 8,193 Q Q 2,097 6,361 14.4

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 332 172 126 408 8,246 4,210 2,853 1,482 1,002 2,910 10.5

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 Q 261 245 759 14,998 12,330 Q 2,803 2,993 9,094 8.7

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 29 192 187 595 14,046 11,784 129 2,242 3,107 8,568 9.2

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 Q 108 124 402 12,062 10,503 Q 1,413 3,021 7,562 10.9

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 Q 91 79 301 8,467 7,213 Q 1,267 1,760 5,406 12.9

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 18 58 51 234 10,057 8,922 88 774 2,342 6,853 16.6

Additional Operating Hours for

Equipment Use

 Heating and/or Cooling .................. 1,223 Q 188 255 766 20,300 17,709 Q 2,565 4,855 12,832 9.6

 Lighting ........................................... 633 38 119 134 342 12,886 11,044 222 1,559 2,960 8,145 12.0

 Heating and/or Cooling

 and Lighting ................................... 371 Q 54 83 228 8,717 7,758 Q 809 2,221 5,666 16.5

 No Additional Hours ....................... 3,320 367 628 507 1,819 43,407 33,966 3,030 6,665 8,630 25,082 7.4

Percent Vacant for at Least Three

Months

 1-50 Percent ................................... 362 Q 97 102 148 12,420 10,623 Q 1,290 4,459 6,601 11.9

 51-99 Percent ................................. 97 Q 59 12 18 2,263 1,084 Q 1,460 259 492 25.1

 100 Percent .................................... 398 226 31 21 120 4,109 1,407 2,418 344 265 1,081 16.2

 None ............................................... 3,948 163 694 678 2,413 49,085 41,847 740 6,886 9,240 32,219 6.9

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ..................................... 653 315 130 36 172 6,211 2,653 2,327 1,540 Q 1,929 14.9

 1 to 50 ............................................ 688 29 344 66 249 11,195 7,944 214 3,942 1,325 5,714 13.5

 51 to 99 .......................................... 618 Q 83 255 267 10,211 8,654 Q 857 4,535 4,742 10.3

 100 ................................................. 2,846 55 325 456 2,011 40,260 35,711 661 3,641 7,951 28,007 7.6

See footnotes at end of table.

186 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A46. Percent of Floorspace Lit, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All

Buildings

Total

Lit

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

0.6 1.8 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.7 2.2 1.4 1.2 0.8

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ..................................... 1,304 359 301 148 496 10,835 6,148 2,501 2,758 1,166 4,409 10.1

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,176 24 374 170 608 21,715 17,015 562 4,867 3,952 12,334 9.4

 51 to 99 .......................................... 658 Q 64 251 339 13,872 12,431 Q 802 4,855 8,205 10.4

 100 ................................................. 1,668 25 142 244 1,256 21,454 19,367 206 1,553 4,251 15,444 10.6

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit ............................................. 2,987 354 637 426 1,569 34,486 25,923 2,523 6,752 6,252 18,959 7.3

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,689 25 242 372 1,051 31,482 27,418 530 3,206 7,685 20,061 8.0

 51 to 99 .......................................... 43 Q Q 13 25 1,021 952 Q Q 282 715 27.9

 100 ................................................. 87 30 Q Q 54 887 669 209 Q Q 658 22.9

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 2,509 26 567 509 1,408 39,221 32,488 391 6,575 9,350 22,906 7.5

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 4,065 48 780 771 2,467 62,074 52,649 675 8,848 13,892 38,658 6.4

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 206 Q 25 65 117 8,336 7,539 Q 547 2,410 5,378 15.5

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 354 Q 47 65 239 17,570 16,001 Q 1,410 3,782 12,324 11.2

 Other .............................................. 78 Q 17 14 47 1,612 1,356 Q 295 418 900 28.2

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............... 3,343 144 559 648 1,993 50,311 42,187 1,341 6,538 11,864 30,567 6.4

 Wall Insulation ................................ 2,320 100 393 418 1,410 33,240 28,144 768 4,032 8,261 20,179 7.1

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............... 1,680 59 319 349 953 29,684 25,181 481 3,727 7,851 17,625 8.3

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ............................... 1,068 27 165 235 642 25,396 21,954 554 2,339 6,875 15,628 10.4

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings .................................... 1,853 38 296 388 1,131 34,071 29,426 618 3,586 8,583 21,285 8.0

 Windows that Open ........................ 2,119 127 447 374 1,171 28,937 23,130 1,113 5,175 5,954 16,696 7.9

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 Q 74 136 357 15,241 13,572 Q 1,373 3,215 10,477 11.3

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ......................................... 74 Q 11 21 42 3,072 2,672 Q 246 966 1,826 20.7

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 Q 7 13 38 3,629 3,234 Q Q 1,105 2,185 18.3

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 Q 59 88 187 12,104 10,522 Q 1,100 3,789 7,131 15.4

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 413 Q 85 109 219 12,329 10,595 Q 1,640 3,152 7,522 12.4

 Other .............................................. 78 Q Q 31 42 2,596 2,378 Q Q 902 1,570 19.9

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 3,400 67 645 648 2,040 46,248 38,940 549 7,112 10,292 28,295 6.0

 Cooling ........................................... 2,872 41 498 562 1,771 42,768 36,366 376 6,132 9,896 26,364 6.6

 Hot Water ....................................... 578 30 84 114 350 9,966 8,635 261 941 2,617 6,147 11.1

 Lighting ........................................... 4,089 101 802 752 2,434 54,944 45,536 931 9,075 11,767 33,171 5.7

 Other .............................................. 547 Q 82 121 338 7,996 6,890 Q 1,117 1,611 5,205 15.4

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 187
Table A46. Percent of Floorspace Lit, Number of Buildings

 and Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

All

Buildings

Total

Lit

Floorspace

in All

Buildings

Not Lit

when

Open

Less

than

51

Percent

Lit

51

to 99

Percent

Lit

100

Percent

Lit

0.6 1.8 1.1 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.7 2.2 1.4 1.2 0.8

Energy Management Practices

(more than one may apply)

 Energy Management

 and Control

 System .......................................... 236 Q 14 58 163 14,320 13,263 Q 344 4,429 9,522 14.4

 Demand-Side

 Management

 Participation .................................. 315 Q 48 90 177 11,310 10,083 Q 1,018 3,058 7,232 12.9

 Energy Audit ................................... 521 Q 76 121 321 14,779 13,066 Q 1,312 3,996 9,411 11.4

 Building Energy

 Manager ........................................ 49 Q Q 9 36 2,311 2,016 Q Q 348 1,688 25.0

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

188 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992