Table 5.7. U.S. Vehicle-Miles Traveled by Family Income, 1994

 (Billion Miles)

1993 Household and

1994 Vehicle

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1993 Family Income

Below Poverty

Line Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factor:

Less

than

$5,000

$5,000

to

$9,999

$10,000

to

$14,999

$15,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$34,999

$35,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

100

Percent

125

Percent

0.4 2.4 1.8 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.1 0.9

Household Characteristics

Total ............................................... 1,793 35 77 128 310 287 390 566 133 199 347 8.7

Census Region and Division

 Northeast ...................................... 299 Q Q 16 40 44 75 109 18 26 49 19.6

 New England .............................. 84 Q Q Q Q Q 17 35 Q Q 13 31.6

 Middle Atlantic ............................ 215 Q Q 12 29 31 59 73 Q 20 36 23.2

 Midwest ......................................... 479 Q 18 41 93 76 109 137 30 56 92 13.5

 East North Central ...................... 335 Q 14 25 61 50 71 111 23 38 65 17.5

 West North Central ..................... 144 Q Q 16 32 26 38 25 Q 18 27 18.7

 South ............................................ 655 Q 37 38 117 117 139 197 46 70 124 15.5

 South Atlantic .............................. 345 Q Q 22 62 53 71 112 23 33 70 20.6

 East South Central ...................... 121 Q Q Q 21 29 25 31 Q 16 23 27.4

 West South Central ..................... 190 Q Q Q 35 35 43 54 Q 20 32 24.4

 West .............................................. 360 Q 15 33 59 50 65 123 39 47 82 21.2

 Mountain ..................................... 105 Q Q Q 28 15 11 30 Q Q 24 37.8

 Pacific ......................................... 255 Q Q 24 31 35 54 93 Q 32 58 26.5

Largest Populated States

 California ........................................ 188 Q Q Q 22 23 41 73 Q Q 38 32.3

 Florida ............................................ 104 Q Q Q 18 18 28 28 Q Q Q 26.8

 New York ....................................... 89 Q Q Q Q 13 21 38 Q Q Q 29.1

 Texas ............................................. 124 Q Q Q 26 22 30 33 Q Q 22 28.7

Urban Status

 Urban ............................................ 1,360 31 54 84 215 199 294 484 96 132 241 10.7

 Central City ................................. 434 Q 20 40 86 64 87 125 47 54 98 19.6

 Suburban .................................... 927 Q 34 44 129 135 207 359 49 78 144 14.4

 Rural ............................................. 433 Q 24 44 95 88 95 82 37 67 106 14.7

Household Size

 1 Person ....................................... 197 Q 23 24 52 47 27 18 18 25 48 18.7

 2 Persons ...................................... 602 Q 28 45 123 87 133 175 28 41 85 15.4

 3 Persons ...................................... 379 Q Q 22 61 56 76 145 25 37 70 20.1

 4 Persons ...................................... 355 Q Q 17 42 53 95 137 24 36 64 22.6

 5 Persons ...................................... 176 Q Q Q 23 29 44 57 Q 37 50 28.1

 6 or More Persons ........................ 84 Q Q Q Q 15 Q 35 Q Q 30 43.0

Household Composition

 Households with Children ............. 796 Q 22 53 114 134 188 272 76 116 193 13.8

 Age of Oldest Child

 Under 7 Years ........................... 206 Q Q Q 35 27 49 74 Q 25 44 26.7

 7 to 15 Years ............................ 399 Q Q 33 52 75 91 131 42 64 109 16.9

 16 or 17 Years .......................... 191 Q Q Q 27 32 48 67 Q 27 40 29.6

 Households Without Children ....... 997 23 55 75 196 153 201 294 56 82 155 11.3

 One Adult .................................... 197 Q 23 24 52 47 27 18 18 25 48 18.7

 Age of Householder

 Under 35 Years ....................... 53 Q Q Q 16 16 QQQQQ 36.3

 35 to 59 Years ........................ 85 Q Q Q 22 19 17 QQQQ 29.4

 60 Years or More .................... 60 Q 13 13 14 12 Q Q 8 13 24 22.6

 Two or More Adults ..................... 800 Q 31 51 144 106 174 276 38 57 107 14.2

 Age of Householder

 Under 35 Years ....................... 174 Q Q Q 32 20 38 46 Q Q Q 34.2

 35 to 59 Years ........................ 393 Q Q Q 53 50 89 178 Q 19 32 20.4

 60 Years or More .................... 232 Q 10 25 59 36 48 52 Q 18 40 20.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5.7. U.S. Vehicle-Miles Traveled by Family Income, 1994 (Continued)

 (Billion Miles)

1993 Household and

1994 Vehicle

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1993 Family Income

Below Poverty

Line Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factor:

Less

than

$5,000

$5,000

to

$9,999

$10,000

to

$14,999

$15,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$34,999

$35,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

100

Percent

125

Percent

0.4 2.4 1.8 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.1 0.9

Race of Householder

 White ............................................. 1,592 27 60 105 272 255 358 514 97 155 280 9.4

 Black ............................................. 125 Q Q Q 24 21 19 33 Q 24 40 35.0

 Other ............................................. 77 Q Q Q Q Q 13 19 Q Q 27 48.2

Hispanic Descent

 Yes ................................................ 122 Q Q Q 23 20 22 30 Q Q 36 36.2

 No ................................................. 1,671 33 70 110 287 268 367 536 112 171 311 8.9

Number of Drivers2 (Fall 1993)

 1 .................................................... 334 Q 41 52 84 69 46 29 54 70 112 13.4

 2 .................................................... 1,061 Q 28 64 188 171 251 349 54 90 176 13.1

 3 .................................................... 267 Q Q Q 30 34 64 122 Q Q 37 27.7

 4 or More ...................................... 124 Q Q Q Q Q 28 66 Q Q 18 38.2

Age of Primary Driver

 16 to 17 Years .............................. 11 QQQQQQQQQQ 94.0

 18 to 22 Years .............................. 56 Q Q Q Q Q 13 24 Q Q Q 34.6

 23 to 29 Years .............................. 111 Q Q Q 26 23 19 26 Q Q 25 24.9

 30 to 39 Years .............................. 276 Q Q 10 38 48 72 100 13 25 45 17.1

 40 to 49 Years .............................. 276 Q Q 9 36 44 64 118 8 19 34 18.3

 50 to 59 Years .............................. 174 Q Q Q 26 27 42 66 Q Q 19 23.3

 60 to 69 Years .............................. 99 Q Q 10 23 20 22 19 Q 10 17 23.6

 70 to 79 Years .............................. 68 Q 6 10 23 8 9 10 Q 8 18 24.8

 80 Years and Over ........................ 16 Q Q Q 6 QQQQQ 5 41.2

 Don’t Know ................................... 707 Q Q 70 124 103 146 198 81 108 175 22.8

Sex of Primary Driver

 Female .......................................... 506 Q 20 34 86 77 114 169 32 51 89 10.4

 Male .............................................. 581 Q 15 24 100 108 130 198 20 41 84 12.6

 Don’t Know ................................... 706 Q Q 70 123 103 146 198 81 107 174 22.9

Average Number of Vehicles per

Household During the Year

 Part-Year Vehicle .......................... QQQQQQQQQQQ NF

 Only 1 ........................................... 306 Q 36 52 70 57 46 32 52 69 114 14.9

 Between 1 and 2 ........................... 107 Q Q Q 26 22 22 20 Q 16 27 35.4

 Only 2 ........................................... 659 Q 19 40 123 113 142 211 40 67 116 14.6

 Between 2 and 3 ........................... 163 Q Q Q 22 24 47 61 Q 13 19 26.8

 Only 3 ........................................... 274 Q Q 16 36 38 78 99 13 19 33 24.6

 Between 3 and 4 ........................... 100 Q Q Q 13 Q 23 46 Q Q Q 38.9

 4 or More ...................................... 169 Q Q Q 16 27 30 95 Q Q Q 36.7

Vehicle Characteristics

Model Year

 1994 to 1995 ................................. 103 Q Q Q 15 15 27 41 Q Q Q 26.8

 1993 .............................................. 142 Q Q Q 17 21 34 62 Q Q Q 24.1

 1992 .............................................. 149 Q Q 11 16 22 34 62 Q Q 22 22.2

 1989 to 1991 ................................. 436 Q Q 20 68 62 101 161 26 37 67 15.0

 1986 to 1988 ................................. 411 Q Q 28 73 67 90 130 22 40 71 14.7

 1983 to 1985 ................................. 270 Q 16 25 55 44 58 64 28 41 76 18.0

 1980 to 1982 ................................. 107 Q Q 13 24 19 21 19 Q 24 35 29.8

 1977 to 1979 ................................. 88 Q Q 11 21 20 13 13 Q 20 30 36.2

 1976 or Earlier .............................. 87 Q Q Q 21 18 13 14 Q Q 26 37.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5.7. U.S. Vehicle-Miles Traveled by Family Income, 1994 (Continued)

 (Billion Miles)

1993 Household and

1994 Vehicle

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1993 Family Income

Below Poverty

Line Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factor:

Less

than

$5,000

$5,000

to

$9,999

$10,000

to

$14,999

$15,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$34,999

$35,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

100

Percent

125

Percent

0.4 2.4 1.8 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.1 0.9

Type of Vehicle

 Passenger Car .............................. 1,200 29 61 96 217 186 244 367 103 148 257 9.9

 Minivan ......................................... 108 Q Q Q 14 19 29 40 Q Q Q 24.8

 Sport Utility ................................... 121 Q Q Q 16 17 29 54 Q Q 11 27.8

 Large Van ..................................... 40 Q Q Q Q Q Q 13 Q Q Q 42.6

 Pickup Truck ................................. 320 Q Q 21 57 59 78 90 Q 30 56 16.9

 Other ............................................. QQQQQQQQQQQ NF

Fuel Efficiency (miles per gallon)

 10.9 or Less .................................. 39 Q Q 5 8 6 5 10 Q Q 13 34.2

 11 to 12.9 ...................................... 79 Q Q Q 20 16 15 15 Q 11 20 32.5

 13 to 15.9 ...................................... 183 Q 9 12 31 34 43 49 16 22 37 22.7

 16 to 18.9 ...................................... 278 Q 12 18 51 39 62 94 18 32 51 15.8

 19 to 21.9 ...................................... 423 Q Q 26 62 71 92 153 24 35 68 17.9

 22 to 24.9 ...................................... 361 Q Q 20 56 54 79 128 25 36 63 16.7

 25 to 29.9 ...................................... 324 Q Q 28 67 51 71 86 Q 41 73 15.0

 30 or More .................................... 105 Q Q Q Q Q 22 31 Q Q 23 34.3

Engine Size (liters)

 2.49 or Less .................................. 699 Q 35 54 123 109 145 212 62 89 148 13.0

 2.50 to 3.49 ................................... 364 Q Q 22 51 59 84 129 19 29 59 15.7

 3.50 to 4.49 ................................... 283 Q Q 18 47 43 63 99 18 27 47 20.6

 4.50 or Greater ............................. 448 Q 22 34 89 76 97 125 33 54 93 14.8

Number of Cylinders

 4 .................................................... 713 Q 33 56 124 116 149 216 60 88 147 12.0

 6 .................................................... 631 Q 20 40 95 99 146 220 38 59 107 12.8

 8 .................................................... 435 Q 22 31 88 70 94 124 34 52 91 15.8

 Other ............................................. 14 QQQQQQQQQQ 70.9

Type of Transmission

 Automatic ...................................... 1,337 24 60 99 239 204 280 430 104 153 270 9.2

 Manual Shift .................................. 456 Q Q 29 71 83 110 136 29 45 77 17.8

Type of Drive

 Front-Wheel .................................. 891 20 42 64 145 136 192 290 71 100 179 10.6

 Rear-Wheel ................................... 693 Q 30 51 132 118 146 202 52 80 141 14.8

 4-Wheel ........................................ 209 Q Q 12 32 33 51 73 Q 18 27 22.6

Type of Fuel System

 Carburetor ..................................... 802 Q 49 74 159 138 159 203 84 121 201 12.8

 Fuel Injection ................................ 966 Q 27 53 147 146 225 353 47 75 142 10.9

 Diesel Engine ................................ 25 QQQQQQQQQQ 55.1

Type of Fuel Purchased

 Motor Gasoline ............................. 1,752 34 76 124 302 280 380 555 130 192 339 9.0

 Unleaded .................................... 1,736 33 75 123 297 277 379 552 127 189 334 9.0

 Regular Grade .......................... 1,199 Q 59 89 206 193 252 379 93 135 240 10.5

 Intermediate Grade ................... 238 Q Q 15 35 36 62 79 Q 20 37 20.5

 Premium Grade ........................ 299 Q Q 18 55 48 65 94 21 34 58 18.6

 Leaded ........................................ QQQQQQQQQQQ NF

 Gasohol ........................................ 17 QQQQQQQQQQ 70.3

 Diesel Fuel .................................... 22 QQQQQQQQQQ 61.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5.7. U.S. Vehicle-Miles Traveled by Family Income, 1994 (Continued)

 (Billion Miles)

1993 Household and

1994 Vehicle

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

1993 Family Income

Below Poverty

Line Eligible

for

Federal

Assistance1

RSE

Row

Factor:

Less

than

$5,000

$5,000

to

$9,999

$10,000

to

$14,999

$15,000

to

$24,999

$25,000

to

$34,999

$35,000

to

$49,999

$50,000

or

More

100

Percent

125

Percent

0.4 2.4 1.8 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.1 0.9

Type of Primary Service

 Full-Service Pumps ....................... 137 Q Q 11 18 20 33 41 Q 18 33 33.2

 Self or Mini-Service Pumps .......... 1,624 31 66 114 285 263 349 516 116 179 308 9.4

 Both Equally .................................. 30 QQQQQQQQQQ 77.9

 Bulk Sales/Other ........................... QQQQQQQQQQQ NF

Vehicle Used for Commuting

to and from Work

 Yes ................................................ 1,175 Q 39 67 187 187 258 420 74 109 199 10.7

 No ................................................. 618 17 38 61 123 101 132 146 59 89 148 12.3

1 Below 150 percent of poverty line or 60 percent of median State income. 2 Approximately 0.5 percent of the vehicle stock was owned by households that had no drivers as of fall 1993.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • "Households with Children" category includes members under age 18 years old unless the member is the householder or spouse. • To obtain the Relative

Standard Error (RSE) percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. • Data in

this table are for households with vehicles for personal transportation. • See Glossary for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-457 A of the 1993 Residential Energy Consumption Survey and Forms

EIA-876 A, B, C, and D of the 1994 Residential Transportation Energy Consumption Survey.