Release date: February 2015

Revised date: May 2016

All

buildings One 2 to 5 6 to 10 11 to 20

More 

than 20

Unoccupied

All buildings 87,093 54,994 17,756 4,425 3,704 3,821 2,393

Building floorspace (square feet)

1,001 to 5,000 8,041 6,548 1,068 Q Q Q 336

5,001 to 10,000 8,900 6,560 1,720 270 Q N 319

10,001 to 25,000 14,105 9,593 2,812 871 289 Q 538

25,001 to 50,000 11,917 7,470 2,299 733 798 Q Q

50,001 to 100,000 13,918 8,621 2,545 1,062 760 456 Q

100,001 to 200,000 12,415 7,599 2,929 528 715 484 Q

200,001 to 500,000 10,724 5,876 2,726 416 742 872 Q

Over 500,000 7,074 2,727 1,657 493 358 1,780 Q

Principal building activity

Education 12,239 11,241 998 N N N N

Food sales 1,252 942 292 Q N N N

Food service 1,819 1,570 249 Q N N N

Health care 4,155 2,520 1,154 198 Q Q N

Inpatient 2,374 1,603 546 Q Q Q N

Outpatient 1,781 917 609 Q Q Q N

Lodging 5,826 4,778 947 Q Q Q N

Mercantile 11,330 3,827 2,483 1,613 1,775 1,632 N

Retail (other than mall) 5,439 3,827 1,432 Q Q Q N

Enclosed and strip malls 5,890 N 1,050 1,601 1,746 1,493 N

Office 15,952 7,318 3,988 1,693 1,234 1,719 N

Public assembly 5,559 3,850 1,307 Q Q Q N

Public order and safety 1,440 927 512 N N N N

Religious worship 4,557 3,864 694 N N N N

Service 4,630 3,396 957 Q Q N N

Warehouse and storage 13,077 9,157 3,128 325 Q Q N

Other 2,002 1,130 698 Q Q Q N

Vacant 3,256 476 Q Q Q N 2,393

Year constructed

Before 1920 3,983 2,259 1,009 Q Q Q 279

1920 to 1945 6,025 3,859 1,411 Q Q Q 220

1946 to 1959 7,381 4,937 1,595 Q Q Q 268

1960 to 1969 10,362 6,803 2,092 484 355 359 269

1970 to 1979 10,846 6,639 2,065 604 439 704 394

1980 to 1989 15,230 8,315 3,039 1,092 1,022 1,363 399

1990 to 1999 13,803 8,771 2,750 636 710 545 Q

2000 to 2003 7,215 5,185 1,164 343 330 Q Q

2004 to 2007 6,524 4,419 1,229 374 Q Q Q

2008 to 2012 5,723 3,805 1,401 Q Q Q Q

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Number of establishments in building

Table B20. Number of establishments in building, floorspace, 2012
All

buildings One 2 to 5 6 to 10 11 to 20

More 

than 20

Unoccupied

All buildings 87,093 54,994 17,756 4,425 3,704 3,821 2,393

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Number of establishments in building

Table B20. Number of establishments in building, floorspace, 2012

Census region

Northeast 15,534 9,527 3,305 775 833 832 262

Midwest 18,919 12,503 4,207 798 493 532 386

South 34,279 21,742 6,503 1,750 1,560 1,419 1,306

West 18,360 11,222 3,742 1,103 818 1,037 439

Climate region1

Very cold/Cold 31,898 20,812 6,741 1,402 1,234 1,026 682

Mixed-humid 27,873 17,729 5,626 1,453 1,289 1,280 498

Mixed-dry/Hot-dry 12,037 7,610 2,299 570 470 690 397

Hot-humid 12,831 7,606 2,427 731 629 666 773

Marine 2,454 1,237 663 Q Q Q Q

Number of floors

One 39,809 25,686 7,605 2,016 1,851 1,183 1,470

Two 20,206 14,210 3,755 891 467 439 444

Three 8,140 5,591 1,810 254 Q Q Q

Four to nine 13,535 7,895 3,323 746 532 720 Q

Ten or more 5,404 1,613 1,263 518 638 1,327 Q

Elevators and escalators 

(more than one may apply)

Any elevators 32,120 18,695 7,181 1,757 1,569 2,487 430

Number of elevators

One 11,158 8,130 2,135 393 Q Q Q

Two to five 12,817 7,589 2,812 770 572 837 Q

Six or more 8,145 2,977 2,234 594 749 1,546 Q

Any escalators 3,654 872 1,153 Q 261 1,043 Q

Number of workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 17,751 13,276 1,785 Q Q Q 2,393

5 to 9 8,973 6,712 2,002 195 Q Q N

10 to 19 9,623 6,905 2,291 343 Q N N

20 to 49 14,514 8,722 3,443 1,362 855 Q N

50 to 99 13,476 8,068 3,184 924 955 346 N

100 to 249 10,941 6,459 2,404 378 772 928 N

250 or more 11,815 4,853 2,647 1,010 939 2,366 N

Weekly operating hours

Fewer than 40 8,220 5,191 555 Q N N 2,393

40 to 48 15,828 10,775 4,083 494 Q Q N

49 to 60 20,529 13,123 4,063 1,483 922 938 N

61 to 84 15,867 8,096 2,960 1,145 1,748 1,918 N

85 to 167 9,395 6,429 2,214 385 Q Q N

Open continuously 17,253 11,380 3,881 837 533 623 N
All

buildings One 2 to 5 6 to 10 11 to 20

More 

than 20

Unoccupied

All buildings 87,093 54,994 17,756 4,425 3,704 3,821 2,393

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Number of establishments in building

Table B20. Number of establishments in building, floorspace, 2012

Ownership and occupancy

Nongovernment owned 67,550 39,577 14,543 4,303 3,533 3,669 1,925

Owner occupied 30,637 27,607 2,918 Q Q N N

Leased to tenant(s) 26,115 11,970 5,886 3,125 2,731 2,401 N

Owner occupied and leased 8,873 N 5,739 1,088 778 1,268 N

Unoccupied 1,925 N N N N N 1,925

Government owned 19,543 15,417 3,213 Q Q Q 468

Federal 1,573 940 594 Q Q Q N

State 5,539 4,352 990 Q Q N Q

Local 12,431 10,126 1,629 Q Q Q Q

Party responsible for operation

and maintenance of energy

systems

Building owner 73,702 49,178 14,057 2,905 2,326 3,056 2,181

Business owner or tenant 11,309 4,745 3,255 1,224 1,211 675 Q

Property management 1,250 488 Q Q Q Q Q

Other 832 583 Q Q Q Q Q

Provider of direct input on energyrelated equipment purchases

Building owner 76,271 49,848 15,004 3,361 2,561 3,237 2,259

Business owner or tenant 8,256 3,859 2,136 833 917 382 Q

Property management 880 423 Q Q Q Q N

Other 1,686 864 435 Q Q Q Q

Campus or complex activity

Not part of a campus or complex 52,275 32,837 11,199 2,571 1,856 2,117 1,694

Primary or secondary school 4,616 4,276 Q N Q N Q

College or university 4,068 3,408 554 Q N Q Q

Office complex 3,456 1,381 779 470 319 412 Q

Retail complex 5,159 1,605 914 752 1,043 754 Q

Storage complex 3,212 2,379 453 Q Q Q Q

Religious campus or complex 1,932 1,791 Q N N N Q

Health care complex 3,362 2,226 818 Q Q Q Q

Lodging or resort complex 1,295 962 Q Q Q Q Q

Transportation complex 554 153 Q Q Q Q N

Government complex 2,107 1,183 882 Q N Q Q

Other 5,057 2,793 1,317 324 Q Q Q

Energy sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity 84,869 54,485 17,756 4,313 3,675 3,795 845

Natural gas 58,725 37,156 12,432 3,092 2,762 2,862 420

Fuel oil 20,200 11,534 4,944 873 884 1,893 Q

District heat 5,964 3,410 1,457 357 Q 447 Q

District chilled water 4,608 3,241 766 Q Q Q Q

Propane 7,706 5,634 1,691 Q Q Q Q

Other 3,826 2,431 1,009 Q Q Q Q
All

buildings One 2 to 5 6 to 10 11 to 20

More 

than 20

Unoccupied

All buildings 87,093 54,994 17,756 4,425 3,704 3,821 2,393

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Number of establishments in building

Table B20. Number of establishments in building, floorspace, 2012

Energy end uses

(more than one may apply)

Buildings with space heating 80,078 50,986 17,078 4,239 3,580 3,574 621

Buildings with cooling 79,294 50,081 17,149 4,305 3,624 3,783 352

Buildings with water heating 79,015 50,143 16,818 4,204 3,664 3,790 395

Buildings with cooking 38,546 23,968 7,333 2,062 2,308 2,858 Q

Buildings with manufacturing 5,078 2,688 1,462 Q Q Q N

Buildings with electricity

generation 25,642 15,516 5,763 1,045 1,127 2,133 Q

Percent of floorspace heated

Not heated 7,015 4,008 678 Q Q Q 1,772

1 to 50 10,130 6,277 2,594 443 Q Q Q

51 to 99 14,650 7,037 3,732 1,301 1,151 1,378 Q

100 55,298 37,672 10,752 2,495 2,098 1,848 432

Percent of floorspace cooled

Not cooled 7,799 4,913 607 Q Q Q 2,041

1 to 50 18,891 12,570 4,755 668 Q Q Q

51 to 99 22,728 11,914 5,325 1,771 1,690 1,914 Q

100 37,676 25,597 7,069 1,866 1,497 1,514 Q

Percent lit when open

Zero 322 257 Q Q Q N N

1 to 50 12,628 8,810 3,058 359 Q Q N

51 to 99 34,814 20,320 7,277 2,660 2,442 2,115 N

100 35,726 24,614 7,323 1,286 949 1,554 N

Building never open/electricity

not used 3,603 993 Q Q Q Q 2,393

Percent lit during off hours

Zero 24,746 18,734 4,395 536 261 Q 539

1 to 50 50,753 29,946 10,997 3,313 3,052 3,140 306

51 to 100 6,926 4,464 1,523 402 273 264 N

Building always open with 

no "off hours" 2,443 1,340 841 Q Q Q N

Electricity not used 2,225 509 N Q Q Q 1,548

Heating equipment 

(more than one may apply)

Heat pumps 11,846 7,328 2,234 921 638 686 Q

Furnaces 8,654 5,625 1,626 607 439 Q Q

Individual space heaters 20,766 12,661 4,871 1,163 943 1,070 Q

District heat 5,925 3,391 1,438 357 Q 447 Q

Boilers 22,443 14,812 4,802 913 766 1,063 Q

Packaged heating units 49,188 29,823 10,872 3,014 2,827 2,283 370

Other 1,574 556 Q Q Q Q Q
All

buildings One 2 to 5 6 to 10 11 to 20

More 

than 20

Unoccupied

All buildings 87,093 54,994 17,756 4,425 3,704 3,821 2,393

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Number of establishments in building

Table B20. Number of establishments in building, floorspace, 2012

Cooling equipment 

(more than one may apply)

Residential-type central air

conditioners 14,765 9,898 2,851 984 545 450 Q

Heat pumps 12,538 7,637 2,397 959 865 664 Q

Individual air conditioners 12,420 8,082 3,004 439 445 439 Q

District chilled water 4,608 3,241 766 Q Q Q Q

Central chillers 17,041 9,608 4,131 750 842 1,667 Q

Packaged air conditioning units 45,153 26,166 10,887 2,962 2,654 2,275 Q

Swamp coolers 1,918 1,288 368 Q Q Q N

Other 328 Q Q N Q Q N

Main equipment replaced since 

1990 (more than one may apply)

Heating 27,558 17,387 5,374 1,913 1,020 1,671 Q

Cooling 30,702 18,646 6,491 2,173 1,264 2,014 Q

Water-heating equipment

Centralized system 47,534 34,771 8,763 1,749 1,141 873 237

Distributed system 12,688 6,780 3,512 888 553 938 Q

Combination of centralized and

distributed system 18,793 8,592 4,544 1,566 1,970 1,979 Q

Lighting equipment types

(more than one may apply)

Incandescent 38,406 21,437 8,853 2,707 2,692 2,624 Q

Standard fluorescent 80,081 50,904 17,286 4,231 3,610 3,765 285

Compact fluorescent 53,816 32,706 10,787 3,518 3,212 3,490 Q

High-intensity discharge (HID) 23,396 13,166 4,993 1,421 1,653 2,124 Q

Halogen 28,059 14,075 6,639 2,191 2,428 2,687 Q

LED 22,071 10,132 5,211 1,846 2,309 2,570 Q

Other 446 Q Q Q Q Q N

Refrigeration equipment

(more than one may apply)

Any refrigeration 73,645 47,153 15,599 3,796 3,404 3,528 Q

Walk-in units 28,361 16,473 5,436 1,746 2,126 2,559 Q

Cases or cabinets 28,719 16,429 5,736 2,002 2,298 2,234 Q

Large cold storage areas 4,171 1,980 1,145 Q 386 375 N

Commercial ice makers 32,734 19,402 6,461 2,013 2,220 2,600 Q

Residential-type or compact units 62,381 39,164 13,259 3,475 3,146 3,239 Q

Vending machines 43,936 26,276 9,478 2,267 2,707 3,113 Q

No refrigeration 13,448 7,841 2,158 630 Q Q 2,228
All

buildings One 2 to 5 6 to 10 11 to 20

More 

than 20

Unoccupied

All buildings 87,093 54,994 17,756 4,425 3,704 3,821 2,393

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Number of establishments in building

Table B20. Number of establishments in building, floorspace, 2012

Office equipment

(more than one may apply)

Desktop computers 77,063 48,169 17,073 4,303 3,659 3,795 Q

With flat screen monitors 76,160 47,498 16,840 4,303 3,659 3,795 Q

With multiple monitors 30,946 15,872 7,128 2,625 2,543 2,778 N

Laptop computers 63,486 37,798 14,258 4,057 3,628 3,718 Q

Dedicated servers 53,369 30,356 12,662 3,751 3,157 3,406 Q

Laser printers 54,256 32,909 11,961 3,347 2,985 3,016 Q

Inkjet printers 36,235 23,352 7,706 1,968 1,505 1,701 Q

FAX machines 66,682 40,115 15,315 4,059 3,481 3,647 Q

Photocopiers 59,277 36,301 13,053 3,437 3,075 3,347 Q

Number of desktop computers

None 10,030 6,825 684 Q Q Q 2,328

1 to 4 15,669 12,430 2,903 Q Q Q Q

5 to 9 9,422 6,392 2,381 526 Q Q N

10 to 19 9,388 5,209 2,567 948 630 Q N

20 to 49 13,094 7,062 3,364 939 1,094 598 Q

50 to 99 8,284 4,855 1,887 386 666 491 N

100 to 249 9,728 6,262 2,002 431 271 762 N

250 or more 11,478 5,959 1,970 901 799 1,849 N

Number of laptop computers

None 23,607 17,196 3,499 368 Q Q 2,365

1 to 4 21,161 14,234 5,828 774 Q Q Q

5 to 9 8,345 4,389 1,902 1,281 560 Q N

10 to 19 8,343 3,902 1,845 537 1,487 571 N

20 to 49 9,643 5,813 1,870 622 457 881 N

50 to 99 5,234 3,351 1,007 Q 203 475 N

100 to 249 5,217 3,305 921 Q 245 539 N

250 or more 5,542 2,804 884 438 481 935 N

Number of dedicated servers

None 33,724 24,638 5,094 674 547 415 2,356

1 to 4 34,097 21,961 7,983 2,196 1,314 605 Q

5 to 9 6,241 2,726 1,408 683 703 721 N

10 to 19 5,711 2,265 1,614 420 626 787 N

20 to 49 3,758 1,671 930 Q 308 660 N

50 or more 3,562 1,733 728 Q Q 634 N

Number of photocopiers

None 27,816 18,694 4,703 989 629 474 2,328

One 17,080 12,167 3,425 766 346 Q Q

2 to 4 20,312 13,010 5,050 776 1,104 373 N

5 to 9 8,863 5,067 1,635 807 655 699 N

10 or more 13,022 6,056 2,944 1,087 970 1,965 N
All

buildings One 2 to 5 6 to 10 11 to 20

More 

than 20

Unoccupied

All buildings 87,093 54,994 17,756 4,425 3,704 3,821 2,393

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Number of establishments in building

Table B20. Number of establishments in building, floorspace, 2012

Number of TVs or video displays

None 24,339 16,270 4,346 634 Q Q 2,365

One 9,990 7,189 2,390 Q Q Q Q

2 to 4 16,465 10,921 3,980 1,043 325 Q Q

5 to 9 8,148 4,502 2,055 863 508 Q N

10 to 19 8,168 4,481 1,602 586 1,013 486 N

20 to 49 8,058 4,176 1,183 485 1,091 1,123 N

50 to 99 4,378 2,924 625 Q Q 514 N

100 or more 7,547 4,532 1,576 353 246 840 N

Food preparation or serving areas 

in non-food service buildings

(more than one may apply)

Snack bar or concession stand 9,884 5,175 2,263 467 669 1,311 N

Fast food or small restaurant 9,787 2,264 2,341 1,196 1,810 2,176 N

Cafeteria or large restaurant 15,222 10,251 2,289 858 687 1,137 N

Commercial kitchen/

food preparation area 16,150 10,651 3,160 685 771 873 Q

Small kitchen area 14,054 8,927 2,902 594 674 948 Q

Separate computer areas

(more than one may apply)

Data center or server farm 11,105 6,247 2,413 733 697 1,015 N

Computer-based training room 17,723 11,034 3,390 857 1,150 1,293 N

Student or public computer center 14,341 10,885 1,759 474 562 662 N

HVAC conservation features 

(more than one may apply)

Economizer cycle 30,749 17,800 6,970 1,870 1,809 2,216 Q

Regular HVAC maintenance 69,244 43,275 14,554 3,849 3,520 3,703 343

Building automation system (BAS)2 37,051 21,900 7,518 2,079 2,557 2,803 Q

Window and interior lighting 

features (more than one may

apply)

Multipaned windows 60,362 37,610 12,227 3,587 3,077 2,781 1,079

Tinted window glass 45,025 25,142 9,907 3,144 2,938 2,903 991

Reflective window glass 15,908 8,158 3,000 1,502 1,679 1,429 Q

External overhangs or awnings 32,188 18,255 6,893 2,731 2,309 1,662 339

Skylights or atriums 22,261 12,677 4,618 1,294 1,664 1,683 Q

Light scheduling 30,263 15,750 5,979 2,881 2,712 2,890 Q

Occupancy sensors 35,871 19,816 7,946 2,516 2,688 2,854 Q

Multi-level lighting or dimming 14,534 7,199 3,149 1,245 1,513 1,405 Q

Daylight harvesting 6,114 2,643 1,705 363 660 728 Q

Demand responsive lighting 4,738 1,736 953 616 757 676 N

Building automation system (BAS) 

for lighting2 12,068 5,267 2,232 1,095 1,681 1,788 Q
All

buildings One 2 to 5 6 to 10 11 to 20

More 

than 20

Unoccupied

All buildings 87,093 54,994 17,756 4,425 3,704 3,821 2,393

Total floorspace (million square feet)

Number of establishments in building

Table B20. Number of establishments in building, floorspace, 2012

Equipment usage reduced when 

building not in full use 

(more than one may apply)

Heating 63,167 39,016 13,596 3,841 3,219 2,993 502

Cooling 62,516 38,170 13,519 3,923 3,261 3,344 299

Lighting 78,594 50,744 16,528 4,238 3,456 3,628 N

 1These climate regions were created by the Building America program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency 

and Renewable Energy (EERE). 

 2In earlier CBECS publications, BAS was referred to as Energy Management and Control System (EMCS) .

 Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

 N = No cases in reporting sample.

 Notes: ● Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. ● See Guide to the 2012 CBECS Detailed Tables or CBECS Terminology for definition 

of terms used in these tables and/or comparison of differences with prior CBECS tables. Both references can be accessed from 

http://www.eia.gov/consumption/commercial/data/2012/

 Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Consumption and Efficiency Statistics, Form EIA-871A of the 2012 Commercial 

Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.