Buildings Characteristics

End-Use Equipment Tables

(27 pages, 151 kb)

CONTENTS PAGES

Table 33. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1995

Table 34. Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1995

Table 35. Cooling Equipment,Number of Buildings, 1995

Table 36. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace, 1995

Table 37. Refrigeration Equipment, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995

Table 38. Water-Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995

Table 39. Lighting Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1995

Table 40. Lighting Equipment, Floorspace, 1995

These data are from the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS), a

national probability sample survey of commercial buildings sponsored by the Energy Information

Administration, that provides information on the use of energy in commercial buildings in the

United States. The 1995 CBECS was the sixth survey in a series begun in 1979. The data

were collected from a sample of 6,639 buildings representing 4.6 million commercial buildings

and 58.8 billion square feet of commercial floorspace in the U.S. The 1995 data are available

for the four Census regions and nine Census division.

Data provided here are in the public domain and may be reproduced without permission.

appropriate credit would be appreciated. A suggested citation is “U.S. Department of Energy,

Energy Information Administration, “A Look at Commercial Buildings in 1995: Characteristics,

Energy Consumption, and Energy Expenditures.”

Electronic Products and Services

Users can view and download selected pages, sections, or entire reports, search for

information, download data and analysis applications, and find out about new information

products and services.

Contact: Martha Johnson, Survey Manager (martha.johnson@eia.doe.gov)

World Wide Web: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/consumption

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Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Surveys
Table 33. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1995

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.5 0.6 1.3 0.9 1.0 1.7 1.1 0.9 1.8

All Buildings ..................................... 4,579 4,024 394 1,676 1,188 115 610 1,031 161 8.1

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,399 2,060 213 898 616 Q 199 483 Q 11.0

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 1,035 899 59 441 268 Q 135 193 22 15.3

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 745 685 80 257 191 27 128 216 50 14.1

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 213 198 20 49 57 18 70 75 14 10.6

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 115 111 16 20 33 11 46 41 11 10.5

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 48 46 4 8 14 8 20 15 6 11.9

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 19 18 3264964 12.8

 Over 500,000 ................................... 661122222 14.3

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 309 309 20 66 80 37 108 92 6 19.4

 Food Sales ....................................... 137 124 Q 44 33 Q Q 47 Q 30.6

 Food Service ................................... 285 274 Q 146 Q Q Q 101 Q 18.5

 Health Care ...................................... 105 105 19 27 20 4 23 32 Q 33.4

 Lodging ............................................ 158 158 22 33 72 12 36 26 3 21.4

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,289 1,217 69 602 415 Q 135 263 48 14.9

 Office ............................................... 705 704 136 245 148 21 118 229 20 16.1

 Public Assembly .............................. 326 310 28 167 65 10 62 55 32 23.6

 Public Order and Safety ................... 87 81 Q 26 18 Q Q 7 Q 40.9

 Religious Worship ............................ 269 269 20 147 97 Q 39 66 Q 23.9

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 580 325 39 130 132 Q Q 81 23 24.5

 Other ................................................ 67 53 Q Q Q Q 7Q Q 51.5

 Vacant .............................................. 261 95 Q 33 52 Q 10 20 Q 28.0

Year Constructed

 1919 or Before ................................. 353 316 Q 151 72 22 92 26 Q 25.7

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 562 496 24 258 134 21 98 81 23 21.2

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 867 769 79 332 250 14 164 121 25 15.3

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 718 652 37 267 231 25 118 149 16 16.2

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 813 722 93 258 212 Q 59 296 19 14.8

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 846 741 104 325 201 8 66 230 49 16.8

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 218 189 37 45 55 Q 6 68 3 25.3

 1993 to 1995 .................................... 202 141 15 40 32 Q 7 59 3 31.7

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 725 657 14 284 140 26 240 91 38 19.0

 Midwest ............................................ 1,139 1,006 31 626 255 36 161 109 65 17.2

 South ............................................... 1,750 1,547 284 471 500 34 111 526 43 12.9

 West ................................................. 964 815 65 295 293 19 97 305 14 17.2

Climate Zone: 45-Year

Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ................... 493 443 4 260 134 3 110 40 Q 24.4

 5,500 to 7,000 HDD ...................... 975 877 19 464 199 31 235 116 49 14.6

 4,000 to 5,499 HDD ...................... 1,070 927 110 465 294 45 165 138 27 21.6

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................. 1,103 955 165 297 319 11 67 387 8 16.1

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................. 937 822 97 190 242 Q 33 350 35 20.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 33. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1995 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.5 0.6 1.3 0.9 1.0 1.7 1.1 0.9 1.8

Workers (main shift)

 Fewer than 5 .................................... 2,505 2,013 150 914 668 34 229 376 75 13.3

 5 to 9 ................................................ 798 770 72 346 222 16 86 230 19 19.0

 10 to 19 ............................................ 625 608 78 239 122 Q 121 188 30 17.8

 20 to 49 ............................................ 400 390 64 128 106 18 84 144 14 14.0

 50 to 99 ............................................ 138 131 14 29 45 18 43 57 8 13.9

 100 to 249 ........................................ 71 69 12 10 17 8 30 27 6 13.4

 250 or More ..................................... 43 43 5 Q 9 9 17 9 9 13.7

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 899 620 42 283 235 Q 74 109 Q 18.5

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,257 1,207 162 488 349 24 167 324 50 14.1

 49 to 60 ............................................ 969 907 78 360 303 23 145 230 48 15.6

 61 to 84 ............................................ 567 541 44 267 135 13 71 139 24 18.1

 85 to 167 .......................................... 420 366 24 165 70 12 39 122 12 19.7

 Open Continuously .......................... 466 385 44 113 96 33 113 107 11 16.8

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 1,480 1,195 167 358 350 99 206 334 79 11.7

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 3,099 2,829 227 1,318 838 16 404 697 82 10.9

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 3,061 2,774 295 1,079 765 98 502 772 77 8.9

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 639 572 37 315 144 Q 70 83 Q 21.9

 Metal Panels .................................... 662 480 41 220 235 Q 15 97 35 22.0

 Concrete Panels .............................. 106 98 Q 30 23 5 11 37 5 24.2

 Window Glass .................................. 46 46 2 Q Q 2 5 36 2 28.2

 Other ................................................ 50 40 QQQQQQQ 59.0

 No One Major Type ......................... 15 14 QQQQQQQ 86.1

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 1,369 1,257 99 483 378 63 197 437 40 12.9

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 1,486 1,386 172 631 336 20 241 249 46 15.6

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 908 672 65 273 279 3 25 173 51 17.7

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 351 334 41 112 76 18 100 80 20 17.6

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 202 173 7 64 59 10 37 49 Q 25.5

 Wooden Materials ............................ 152 123 Q 80 QQQQQ 38.0

 Concrete .......................................... 58 40 Q Q 22 Q 3 Q Q 43.4

 Other ................................................ 36 23 QQQQQQQ 77.4

 No One Major Type ......................... QQQQQQQQQ 100.0

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,343 4,004 394 1,667 1,171 115 606 1,031 161 8.0

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,478 2,456 98 1,221 726 32 420 708 68 9.5

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 607 607 53 249 190 20 242 47 52 20.9

 District Heat ..................................... 110 109 2 Q 9 109 Q 4 3 21.0

 District Chilled Water ....................... 53 52 Q Q 3 48 3 3 2 31.2

 Propane ........................................... 589 579 26 294 185 Q 96 96 23 21.4

 Other ................................................ 213 210 Q 82 69 Q 45 14 42 31.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 33. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1995 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.5 0.6 1.3 0.9 1.0 1.7 1.1 0.9 1.8

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 1,467 1,467 391 395 603 10 138 465 94 12.0

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,211 2,211 56 1,180 670 7 381 631 54 9.7

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 504 504 36 214 146 Q 212 27 37 25.6

 District Heat ..................................... 109 109 2 Q 9 109 Q 4 3 21.1

 Propane ........................................... 301 301 Q 168 114 Q 27 58 Q 28.1

 Other ................................................ 135 135 Q 64 44 Q 30 Q 34 37.7

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

 Electricity ......................................... 1,007 1,007 325 161 328 Q 18 346 52 16.5

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,106 2,106 35 1,141 613 2 371 596 51 11.0

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 439 439 Q 188 122 Q 183 23 29 26.2

 District Heat ..................................... 107 107 2 Q 8 107 Q 3 3 21.5

 Propane ........................................... 260 260 Q 147 99 Q Q 49 Q 29.7

 Other ................................................ 61 61 QQQQQQQ 53.3

Energy End Uses (more

than one may apply)

 Buildings with Space Heating .......... 4,024 4,024 394 1,676 1,188 115 610 1,031 161 8.1

 Buildings with Cooling ...................... 3,381 3,326 393 1,330 882 99 470 1,015 119 8.2

 Buildings with Water Heating ........... 3,486 3,418 348 1,432 956 100 595 901 133 8.4

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 828 804 70 302 189 18 175 261 38 12.4

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........... 204 181 23 61 67 Q 26 39 23 29.7

 Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ...................................... 247 246 24 69 63 21 103 62 22 20.7

Percent of Floorspace

Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 554 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 19.0

 1 to 50 .............................................. 555 555 41 216 225 Q 49 131 29 20.7

 51 to 99 ............................................ 633 633 53 298 209 7 87 159 34 17.7

 100 ................................................... 2,836 2,836 301 1,163 754 106 473 741 98 8.9

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 394 394 394 47 78 2 30 49 Q 20.9

 Furnaces .......................................... 1,676 1,676 47 1,676 355 Q 80 145 37 14.8

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,188 1,188 78 355 1,188 9 140 186 30 13.8

 District Heat ..................................... 115 115 2 Q 9 115 Q 4 3 20.6

 Boilers .............................................. 610 610 30 80 140 Q 610 50 30 17.7

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 1,031 1,031 49 145 186 4 50 1,031 21 14.6

 Other ................................................ 161 161 Q 37 30 3 30 21 161 27.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 33. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1995 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.5 0.6 1.3 0.9 1.0 1.7 1.1 0.9 1.8

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 878 862 30 640 170 8 116 114 25 18.0

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 457 457 384 75 96 3 31 96 18 20.4

 Individual Air Conditioners ............... 862 848 43 326 385 25 188 91 50 15.2

 District Chilled Water ....................... 53 52 Q Q 3 48 3 3 2 31.2

 Central Chillers ................................ 109 108 8 9 28 15 77 18 18 15.1

 Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,431 1,404 44 432 351 28 174 877 48 12.3

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 186 182 4 91 70 Q 9 57 4 27.8

 Other ................................................ 18 18 Q 4 9 Q 9 4 4 33.9

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ......... 828 804 70 302 189 18 175 261 38 12.4

 Computer Room .............................. 234 231 17 63 67 22 60 98 16 16.6

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .................... 243 233 25 99 67 11 64 52 8 20.7

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one

may apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 3,380 3,226 361 1,350 887 98 510 867 141 8.5

 Wall Insulation ................................. 2,372 2,315 301 979 640 57 311 676 122 9.8

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 1,897 1,853 195 870 484 47 362 415 88 11.2

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ................................ 1,202 1,171 130 469 269 42 164 442 52 12.2

 Exterior or Interior

 Shading or Awnings ........................ 2,271 2,234 310 836 607 73 407 644 97 9.8

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 327 326 25 86 74 37 82 122 19 18.0

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 461 457 42 143 120 25 98 202 21 13.7

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 2,403 2,393 285 933 574 95 500 705 101 9.4

 Other Energy Efficient

 Equipment ....................................... 198 198 24 57 56 9 50 54 10 22.3

Off-Hour Equipment

Reduction (more than one

may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 3,211 3,211 286 1,442 955 65 433 818 122 8.9

 Cooling ............................................. 2,707 2,654 286 1,121 711 61 333 807 92 9.2

 Lighting ............................................ 3,753 3,522 350 1,511 1,018 81 484 904 150 8.8

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

-- = Data not applicable.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.
Table 34. Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1995

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.6 0.6 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.5 0.9 0.9 1.5

All Buildings ................................ 58,772 54,347 5,843 14,923 16,809 5,911 16,754 16,893 6,249 5.8

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ............................. 6,338 5,506 589 2,334 1,618 Q 551 1,319 Q 10.5

 5,001 to 10,000 ........................... 7,530 6,546 436 3,197 2,003 Q 1,005 1,410 180 15.4

 10,001 to 25,000 ......................... 11,617 10,706 1,243 3,871 3,094 407 2,080 3,387 780 13.3

 25,001 to 50,000 ......................... 7,676 7,157 701 1,743 1,960 657 2,592 2,754 489 10.7

 50,001 to 100,000 ....................... 7,968 7,699 1,156 1,371 2,208 792 3,190 2,800 762 10.2

 100,001 to 200,000 ..................... 6,776 6,456 564 1,079 1,936 1,162 2,850 2,139 822 12.1

 200,001 to 500,000 ..................... 5,553 5,371 681 657 1,901 1,283 2,553 1,611 1,202 12.8

 Over 500,000 ............................... 5,313 4,906 473 671 2,088 1,390 1,933 1,473 1,861 14.4

Principal Building Activity

 Education .................................... 7,740 7,740 570 1,041 1,703 1,129 4,805 1,782 416 13.1

 Food Sales .................................. 642 609 Q 255 198 Q Q 246 Q 22.7

 Food Service .............................. 1,353 1,299 Q 643 Q Q Q 539 Q 20.9

 Health Care ................................. 2,333 2,333 296 144 469 644 1,171 625 512 15.1

 Lodging ........................................ 3,618 3,608 833 582 1,478 634 1,307 1,039 264 17.0

 Mercantile and Service ................ 12,728 12,227 942 4,303 4,187 Q 1,911 4,758 1,739 12.1

 Office ........................................... 10,478 10,458 1,744 1,891 2,702 1,587 3,426 3,184 1,812 10.0

 Public Assembly .......................... 3,948 3,836 307 1,183 754 701 1,396 813 499 16.0

 Public Order and Safety .............. 1,271 1,154 Q 285 214 340 459 202 Q 29.4

 Religious Worship ....................... 2,792 2,791 263 1,443 915 Q 717 718 Q 18.5

 Warehouse and Storage ............. 8,481 6,419 579 2,701 3,339 300 723 2,387 422 17.6

 Other ........................................... 1,004 907 Q Q 263 170 373 379 Q 33.7

 Vacant ......................................... 2,384 966 Q 264 420 Q 334 221 Q 23.2

Year Constructed

 1919 or Before ............................. 3,673 3,429 Q 1,256 853 591 1,404 294 Q 17.6

 1920 to 1945 ............................... 6,710 5,951 319 1,818 1,829 877 2,185 1,123 498 16.2

 1946 to 1959 ............................... 9,298 8,701 1,023 2,531 3,029 975 3,144 2,050 561 12.8

 1960 to 1969 ............................... 10,858 10,024 761 2,563 2,926 1,509 3,982 3,031 952 11.3

 1970 to 1979 ............................... 11,333 10,489 1,035 2,545 3,517 1,000 2,735 4,133 1,639 9.3

 1980 to 1989 ............................... 12,252 11,462 1,962 3,261 3,589 550 2,418 4,307 1,727 10.3

 1990 to 1992 ............................... 2,590 2,467 383 492 648 258 433 1,105 303 16.5

 1993 to 1995 ............................... 2,059 1,824 231 458 417 Q 453 851 252 18.3

Census Region

 Northeast ..................................... 11,883 11,180 657 2,732 3,393 1,834 5,210 2,578 1,979 11.3

 Midwest ....................................... 14,322 13,511 779 4,984 4,395 1,984 4,480 2,868 1,590 11.5

 South ........................................... 20,830 18,900 3,189 4,497 5,783 1,101 3,952 7,439 1,915 9.8

 West ............................................ 11,736 10,756 1,218 2,710 3,237 993 3,112 4,009 765 12.8

Climate Zone: 45-Year

Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .............. 5,098 4,901 254 1,893 1,550 299 2,125 917 702 18.2

 5,500 to 7,000 HDD .................. 14,597 13,937 586 4,325 4,434 2,001 5,565 3,010 1,850 11.8

 4,000 to 5,499 HDD .................. 15,155 14,147 1,756 3,993 4,734 2,376 4,833 3,395 1,886 11.2

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............. 13,491 12,350 1,944 3,128 3,859 585 2,985 5,412 725 14.3

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ............. 10,430 9,014 1,303 1,584 2,231 651 1,247 4,159 1,087 16.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 34. Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.6 0.6 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.5 0.9 0.9 1.5

Workers (main shift)

 Fewer than 5 ............................... 13,885 10,663 807 4,496 3,629 427 1,692 1,988 513 12.5

 5 to 9 ........................................... 6,291 6,086 381 2,397 2,072 319 1,044 1,733 368 16.4

 10 to 19 ....................................... 7,102 6,905 831 2,557 1,666 285 1,560 2,185 463 13.8

 20 to 49 ....................................... 9,132 8,899 1,108 2,280 2,463 673 2,856 3,529 505 11.0

 50 to 99 ....................................... 6,931 6,642 689 1,504 2,209 784 2,733 2,695 646 12.2

 100 to 249 ................................... 5,988 5,880 969 778 1,583 902 2,866 2,219 626 12.1

 250 or More ................................. 9,443 9,272 1,058 911 3,186 2,520 4,003 2,545 3,128 10.3

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ................................. 6,134 4,032 201 1,776 1,357 Q 919 682 Q 13.8

 40 to 48 ....................................... 13,233 12,672 1,568 3,844 4,025 792 3,304 3,815 762 12.0

 49 to 60 ....................................... 12,242 11,658 1,121 3,381 3,622 996 3,566 3,369 1,342 10.7

 61 to 84 ....................................... 10,052 9,635 1,161 2,359 2,975 676 3,078 3,280 1,536 11.7

 85 to 167 ..................................... 6,202 5,880 322 1,409 1,522 908 1,757 2,386 684 13.2

 Open Continuously ...................... 10,908 10,469 1,470 2,155 3,307 2,399 4,130 3,360 1,765 9.6

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ......... 24,352 21,968 2,669 4,723 6,218 4,560 6,602 6,203 2,922 7.6

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ......... 34,420 32,379 3,175 10,200 10,591 1,351 10,152 10,691 3,327 7.1

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ....................................... 42,958 40,217 4,501 10,066 11,748 4,605 13,521 12,676 4,107 6.9

 Siding or Shingles ....................... 3,243 2,919 219 1,571 699 Q 511 512 Q 23.0

 Metal Panels ................................ 5,694 4,559 421 2,023 2,318 Q 670 1,245 549 15.6

 Concrete Panels .......................... 4,069 3,932 346 912 1,259 580 997 1,765 642 14.6

 Window Glass ............................. 1,755 1,754 265 161 516 343 673 474 494 19.1

 Other ........................................... 660 603 Q Q 229 Q 232 169 146 24.9

 No One Major Type ..................... 393 363 QQQQQQQ 53.4

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ........................................ 24,481 23,087 2,153 5,173 6,795 3,084 7,721 8,450 2,760 8.7

 Shingles (Not Wood) ................... 11,093 10,450 1,301 3,967 2,505 565 2,771 2,570 620 11.6

 Metal Surfacing ........................... 7,941 6,463 832 2,533 2,723 183 595 2,081 614 13.3

 Synthetic or Rubber ..................... 10,235 10,099 1,157 2,167 3,371 1,525 4,273 2,888 1,806 9.8

 Slate or Tile ................................. 1,920 1,765 197 421 516 354 615 407 Q 18.6

 Wooden Materials ....................... 1,130 985 Q 483 QQQQQ 32.7

 Concrete ...................................... 1,335 903 Q Q 485 Q 420 Q Q 32.5

 Other ........................................... 332 290 QQQQQQQ 38.0

 No One Major Type ..................... 305 305 QQQQQQQ 45.3

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

 Electricity ..................................... 57,076 54,110 5,831 14,851 16,689 5,900 16,650 16,867 6,237 5.8

 Natural Gas ................................. 38,145 37,950 2,988 11,907 12,747 2,431 14,242 12,946 4,070 6.6

 Fuel Oil ........................................ 14,421 14,236 1,648 2,454 4,504 2,219 8,208 2,817 3,184 9.4

 District Heat ................................. 5,658 5,642 252 Q 1,046 5,628 Q 378 883 14.4

 District Chilled Water ................... 2,521 2,479 Q Q 369 2,192 215 162 385 19.8

 Propane ....................................... 5,344 5,281 517 2,161 1,513 Q 1,545 1,363 409 17.6

 Other ........................................... 2,336 2,312 Q 562 471 303 930 375 589 22.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 34. Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.6 0.6 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.5 0.9 0.9 1.5

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ..................................... 22,156 22,156 5,815 4,839 9,535 1,087 4,855 8,898 4,152 8.5

 Natural Gas ................................. 31,535 31,535 1,948 11,369 11,128 640 12,801 11,200 2,824 7.6

 Fuel Oil ........................................ 6,606 6,606 531 1,633 1,653 468 4,629 827 1,074 16.2

 District Heat ................................. 5,606 5,606 252 Q 1,046 5,606 Q 378 873 14.4

 Propane ....................................... 2,025 2,025 Q 964 742 Q 415 515 Q 23.3

 Other ........................................... 1,050 1,050 Q 298 272 Q 472 Q 383 28.9

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

 Electricity ..................................... 13,500 13,500 3,949 2,088 4,452 Q 1,048 5,910 2,299 10.5

 Natural Gas ................................. 28,808 28,808 1,332 10,473 9,777 252 12,095 9,891 2,470 8.5

 Fuel Oil ........................................ 4,207 4,207 Q 1,229 925 Q 2,893 287 395 20.4

 District Heat ................................. 5,289 5,289 229 Q 973 5,289 Q 314 730 14.8

 Propane ....................................... 1,545 1,545 Q 847 520 Q Q 362 Q 27.0

 Other ........................................... 514 514 QQQQQQQ 39.6

Energy End Uses (more

than one may apply)

 Buildings with Space Heating ...... 54,347 54,347 5,843 14,923 16,809 5,911 16,754 16,893 6,249 5.8

 Buildings with Cooling ................. 49,935 49,090 5,813 12,967 14,831 5,286 15,050 16,643 5,899 5.9

 Buildings with Water Heating ...... 51,560 50,796 5,639 13,445 15,547 5,662 16,617 16,027 5,952 5.8

 Buildings with Cooking ................ 20,713 20,338 2,290 3,651 6,013 2,124 9,429 7,204 3,526 7.3

 Buildings with Manufacturing ....... 3,893 3,689 446 999 1,385 Q 981 1,320 623 16.3

 Buildings with Electricity

 Generation .................................. 13,366 13,165 1,580 1,894 4,296 2,489 6,503 4,021 3,388 8.7

Percent of Floorspace

Heated

 Not Heated .................................. 4,425 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 20.7

 1 to 50 ......................................... 6,227 6,227 464 2,375 2,381 Q 694 2,191 563 17.3

 51 to 99 ....................................... 8,868 8,868 1,083 2,535 3,013 805 2,603 2,823 1,345 13.3

 100 .............................................. 39,252 39,252 4,296 10,013 11,415 5,026 13,456 11,879 4,341 6.3

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ................................. 5,843 5,843 5,843 950 1,812 275 1,386 1,557 680 11.8

 Furnaces ..................................... 14,923 14,923 950 14,923 4,856 Q 1,599 3,137 841 10.0

 Individual Space Heaters ............ 16,809 16,809 1,812 4,856 16,809 1,068 4,657 5,044 2,432 9.8

 District Heat ................................. 5,911 5,911 275 Q 1,068 5,911 Q 434 881 14.3

 Boilers ......................................... 16,754 16,754 1,386 1,599 4,657 Q 16,754 3,242 2,394 8.6

 Packaged Heating Units .............. 16,893 16,893 1,557 3,137 5,044 434 3,242 16,893 1,466 8.8

 Other ........................................... 6,249 6,249 680 841 2,432 881 2,394 1,466 6,249 13.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 34. Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.6 0.6 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.5 0.9 0.9 1.5

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .......................... 9,238 8,975 698 5,320 2,884 543 2,305 1,995 1,076 10.6

 Heat Pumps ................................. 6,931 6,888 5,302 1,387 2,183 481 1,523 2,088 805 11.8

 Individual Air Conditioners ........... 12,494 12,294 1,320 3,400 5,440 1,161 5,612 2,731 1,533 9.2

 District Chilled Water ................... 2,521 2,479 Q Q 369 2,192 215 162 385 19.8

 Central Chillers ............................ 11,065 10,857 1,036 737 3,305 2,181 7,049 2,280 3,381 11.0

 Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units ........................................... 26,628 26,297 2,179 6,629 8,689 2,013 7,569 14,953 3,311 7.6

 Swamp Coolers ........................... 2,451 2,443 379 720 897 Q 790 1,053 273 22.5

 Other ........................................... 949 949 Q 216 359 Q 552 274 234 29.2

Energy-Related Space

Functions (more than one may

apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation .... 20,713 20,338 2,290 3,651 6,013 2,124 9,429 7,204 3,526 7.3

 Computer Room .......................... 12,890 12,731 1,552 1,881 4,347 2,558 5,711 4,105 2,836 8.2

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ................ 6,753 6,658 992 1,189 2,182 953 3,213 2,159 938 12.1

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one

may apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ............ 46,355 44,941 5,090 11,807 13,663 5,046 14,018 14,952 5,595 6.3

 Wall Insulation ............................. 31,694 31,112 4,112 8,793 9,652 3,054 8,874 10,663 4,081 7.2

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ............ 28,876 28,454 3,501 7,911 8,659 3,163 9,982 8,534 3,767 6.7

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ............................ 24,245 23,686 3,009 5,046 6,684 2,988 7,646 8,722 3,788 6.9

 Exterior or Interior

 Shading or Awnings ................... 37,208 36,667 4,686 8,400 10,575 4,358 12,888 11,773 4,564 6.3

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ....... 13,473 13,250 1,216 1,496 4,071 2,911 5,757 3,942 3,219 9.3

 Economizer Cycle ....................... 16,550 16,484 1,753 2,539 5,276 2,971 7,153 5,910 3,460 8.1

 HVAC Maintenance ..................... 43,134 43,036 5,074 10,051 12,392 5,581 15,279 14,195 5,615 6.3

 Other Energy Efficient

 Equipment .................................. 6,453 6,408 818 1,128 2,161 1,127 2,689 2,001 1,375 10.5

Off-Hour Equipment

Reduction (more than one

may apply)

 Heating ........................................ 38,326 38,326 3,544 11,429 11,642 2,890 11,213 11,739 4,135 6.9

 Cooling ........................................ 35,605 34,890 3,608 9,871 10,422 2,684 10,137 11,643 3,906 7.0

 Lighting ........................................ 44,937 42,747 4,348 12,420 12,996 3,456 12,354 13,279 4,444 6.7

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

-- = Data not applicable.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.
Table 35. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1995

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.5 0.5 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.9 0.9 0.7 1.9 2.0

All Buildings ............................... 4,579 3,381 878 457 862 53 109 1,431 186 18 9.3

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ............................ 2,399 1,650 453 235 467 Q Q 569 97 Q 12.2

 5,001 to 10,000 .......................... 1,035 754 236 77 171 Q Q 345 41 Q 17.7

 10,001 to 25,000 ........................ 745 619 133 96 134 Q 14 310 34 Q 15.5

 25,001 to 50,000 ........................ 213 187 35 23 47 7 29 108 6 Q 13.1

 50,001 to 100,000 ...................... 115 103 14 17 25 5 23 62 4 Q 12.9

 100,001 to 200,000 .................... 48 44 5 5 11 5 15 25 2 Q 14.2

 200,001 to 500,000 .................... 19 18 3 3 6 2 9 10 1 Q 13.4

 Over 500,000 ............................. 6 6 1 1 1 1 3 4 Q Q 17.0

Principal Building Activity

 Education ................................... 309 249 35 23 95 26 19 104 Q Q 23.9

 Food Sales ................................. 137 128 38 Q Q Q Q 62 Q Q 31.7

 Food Service ............................. 285 272 80 Q 65 Q Q 137 Q Q 22.4

 Health Care ................................ 105 105 32 19 38 2 9 36 Q Q 30.4

 Lodging ...................................... 158 126 26 26 75 Q 12 25 7 Q 27.7

 Mercantile and Service .............. 1,289 916 238 79 230 Q 7 400 60 Q 16.8

 Office ......................................... 705 690 201 159 81 5 29 312 Q 3 15.8

 Public Assembly ........................ 326 246 61 33 81 Q 16 97 Q Q 29.0

 Public Order and Safety ............. 87 38 6 Q 20 Q 5 13 Q Q 34.6

 Religious Worship ...................... 269 223 82 31 44 Q Q 83 Q Q 30.2

 Warehouse and Storage ............ 580 262 73 39 83 Q 2 102 Q Q 30.7

 Other .......................................... 67 53 Q Q Q Q 2 26 Q Q 56.9

 Vacant ........................................ 261 73 Q Q 24 Q Q 36 Q Q 40.2

Year Constructed

 1919 or Before ........................... 353 260 74 Q 135 Q 4 67 Q Q 28.3

 1920 to 1945 .............................. 562 382 95 33 148 Q 7 140 11 Q 23.1

 1946 to 1959 .............................. 867 617 182 79 220 5 15 191 48 Q 17.3

 1960 to 1969 .............................. 718 508 110 38 145 10 34 224 32 Q 19.6

 1970 to 1979 .............................. 813 688 154 121 110 Q 18 376 27 Q 14.6

 1980 to 1989 .............................. 846 657 225 116 70 7 23 294 51 2 19.7

 1990 to 1992 .............................. 218 161 19 50 Q Q 4 80 Q Q 31.6

 1993 to 1995 .............................. 202 108 19 15 Q Q 4 59 Q Q 39.7

Census Region

 Northeast ................................... 725 451 120 16 166 3 16 196 Q Q 18.5

 Midwest ...................................... 1,139 811 313 43 274 Q 26 267 Q 4 18.4

 South ......................................... 1,750 1,433 348 311 311 24 37 599 Q 7 13.6

 West ........................................... 964 687 98 87 110 10 31 369 144 4 20.7

Climate Zone: 45-Year

Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ............. 493 321 121 4 105 Q 8 112 Q Q 33.7

 5,500 to 7,000 HDD ................ 975 656 229 18 183 8 24 276 Q 5 17.1

 4,000 to 5,499 HDD ................ 1,070 714 188 134 238 16 24 239 Q 7 23.0

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ........... 1,103 887 133 193 152 6 25 452 79 Q 20.7

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ........... 937 803 207 108 183 Q 28 353 61 Q 21.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 35. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1995 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.5 0.5 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.9 0.9 0.7 1.9 2.0

Workers (main shift)

 Fewer than 5 .............................. 2,505 1,542 454 187 494 Q Q 457 95 Q 13.0

 5 to 9 .......................................... 798 691 160 81 147 Q Q 332 25 Q 18.8

 10 to 19 ...................................... 625 549 149 82 110 Q 8 297 37 Q 18.4

 20 to 49 ...................................... 400 361 74 71 66 8 23 202 19 Q 18.3

 50 to 99 ...................................... 138 129 22 17 24 8 18 84 4 Q 16.9

 100 to 249 .................................. 71 69 10 14 15 3 21 39 4 Q 14.9

 250 or More ............................... 43 41 Q 5 6 5 17 20 2 2 16.7

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ................................ 899 399 109 55 111 Q Q 127 Q Q 22.2

 40 to 48 ...................................... 1,257 1,047 281 180 224 Q 22 443 43 Q 15.3

 49 to 60 ...................................... 969 795 178 87 238 11 19 331 47 9 17.1

 61 to 84 ...................................... 567 446 127 51 102 8 18 181 48 Q 18.8

 85 to 167 .................................... 420 344 99 25 72 7 10 196 Q Q 21.0

 Open Continuously .................... 466 350 83 59 115 Q 30 152 14 2 19.1

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ....... 1,480 1,020 206 216 285 50 65 383 39 4 14.7

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ....... 3,099 2,361 672 241 576 3 44 1,049 146 14 10.9

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ..................................... 3,061 2,429 609 328 579 42 89 1,108 136 15 10.1

 Siding or Shingles ...................... 639 448 130 53 210 Q Q 93 Q Q 25.2

 Metal Panels .............................. 662 322 98 53 49 Q 1 130 Q Q 24.7

 Concrete Panels ........................ 106 91 19 15 11 3 8 52 5 Q 30.1

 Window Glass ............................ 46 45 3 2 2 Q 4 39 Q Q 40.1

 Other .......................................... 50 32 Q Q Q Q Q 7 Q Q 68.5

 No One Major Type ................... 15 14 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 97.9

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ...................................... 1,369 1,113 220 122 220 25 52 618 74 6 14.4

 Shingles (Not Wood) .................. 1,486 1,149 362 184 398 Q 14 311 52 Q 16.4

 Metal Surfacing .......................... 908 508 152 84 86 Q 5 225 37 Q 21.3

 Synthetic or Rubber ................... 351 296 55 42 65 9 31 152 3 8 19.9

 Slate or Tile ................................ 202 143 31 Q 48 Q 4 61 Q Q 34.1

 Wooden Materials ...................... 152 106 41 Q Q Q Q 28 Q Q 44.4

 Concrete .................................... 58 39 Q Q 12 Q 2 22 Q Q 54.7

 Other .......................................... 36 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 79.9

 No One Major Type ................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 100.0

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

 Electricity ................................... 4,343 3,376 877 457 857 53 109 1,430 185 18 9.3

 Natural Gas ................................ 2,478 2,131 625 141 521 17 81 1,011 140 14 10.9

 Fuel Oil ...................................... 607 388 90 55 160 Q 38 120 6 4 21.5

 District Heat ............................... 110 95 8 2 23 47 15 27 Q Q 30.8

 District Chilled Water ................. 53 53 Q 1 Q 53 Q 5 Q Q 35.2

 Propane ..................................... 589 431 142 30 132 Q 5 149 Q Q 24.6

 Other .......................................... 213 107 36 Q 48 Q 5 27 Q Q 38.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 35. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1995 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.5 0.5 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.9 0.9 0.7 1.9 2.0

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ................................... 3,293 3,293 861 457 857 21 106 1,396 185 18 9.4

 Natural Gas ................................ 65 65 20 Q Q Q 5 42 Q Q 43.5

 District Chilled Water ................. 53 53 Q 1 Q 53 Q 5 Q Q 35.2

Energy End Uses (more

than one may apply)

 Buildings with Space Heating .... 4,024 3,326 862 457 848 52 108 1,404 182 18 9.5

 Buildings with Cooling ................ 3,381 3,381 878 457 862 53 109 1,431 186 18 9.3

 Buildings with Water Heating ..... 3,486 2,968 795 403 732 49 108 1,273 170 17 9.7

 Buildings with Cooking ............... 828 724 171 84 213 10 44 357 57 5 12.9

 Buildings with Manufacturing ..... 204 165 33 27 58 Q 3 49 Q Q 31.3

 Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ................................ 247 206 51 25 50 7 39 108 Q 3 18.8

Percent of Floorspace

Cooled

 Not Cooled ................................. 1,198 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 19.8

 1 to 50 ........................................ 930 930 222 80 394 Q 8 300 37 Q 17.2

 51 to 99 ...................................... 635 635 182 85 182 10 34 292 37 7 17.3

 100 ............................................. 1,816 1,816 474 292 286 40 67 839 112 7 11.6

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ............................... 394 393 30 384 43 Q 8 44 4 Q 20.6

 Furnaces .................................... 1,676 1,330 640 75 326 Q 9 432 91 4 15.8

 Individual Space Heaters ........... 1,188 882 170 96 385 3 28 351 70 9 17.5

 District Heat ............................... 115 99 8 3 25 48 15 28 Q Q 30.2

 Boilers ........................................ 610 470 116 31 188 3 77 174 9 9 17.9

 Packaged Heating Units ............ 1,031 1,015 114 96 91 3 18 877 57 4 16.5

 Other .......................................... 161 119 25 18 50 2 18 48 4 4 26.9

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ........................ 878 878 878 36 101 Q 11 111 25 Q 18.3

 Heat Pumps ............................... 457 457 36 457 47 1 7 76 6 Q 20.7

 Individual Air Conditioners ......... 862 862 101 47 862 Q 21 118 19 3 16.1

 District Chilled Water ................. 53 53 Q 1 Q 53 Q 5 Q Q 35.2

 Central Chillers .......................... 109 109 11 7 21 Q 109 34 4 2 16.8

 Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units .......................................... 1,431 1,431 111 76 118 5 34 1,431 55 5 13.7

 Swamp Coolers ......................... 186 186 25 6 19 Q 4 55 186 Q 33.4

 Other .......................................... 18 18 Q Q 3 Q 2 5 Q 18 31.1

Energy-Related Space

Functions (more than one may

apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ... 828 724 171 84 213 10 44 357 57 5 12.9

 Computer Room ........................ 234 234 43 21 58 Q 37 139 Q 4 18.5

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .............. 243 200 50 30 77 2 13 72 24 Q 23.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 35. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1995 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.5 0.5 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.9 0.9 0.7 1.9 2.0

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one

may apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ........... 3,380 2,805 781 416 642 46 96 1,186 154 13 9.4

 Wall Insulation ........................... 2,372 2,057 575 356 413 32 57 881 83 9 10.9

 Storm or Multiple Glazing .......... 1,897 1,619 510 230 387 24 62 666 58 11 12.4

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass .......................... 1,202 1,104 342 156 135 27 56 573 74 8 14.0

 Exterior or Interior

 Shading or Awnings .................. 2,271 2,049 517 348 506 32 89 863 106 14 11.5

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ...... 327 315 57 30 43 30 42 177 18 4 20.8

 Economizer Cycle ...................... 461 461 73 58 48 15 52 300 51 4 16.6

 HVAC Maintenance ................... 2,403 2,103 548 323 468 47 103 975 104 15 11.0

 Other Energy Efficient

 Equipment ................................. 198 163 30 25 28 5 14 87 Q 2 24.6

Off-Hour Equipment

Reduction (more than one

may apply)

 Heating ...................................... 3,211 2,630 708 330 648 38 66 1,122 153 13 10.8

 Cooling ....................................... 2,707 2,707 720 330 690 38 68 1,152 154 13 10.5

 Lighting ...................................... 3,753 2,964 790 392 726 41 79 1,244 165 12 9.8

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

-- = Data not applicable.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.
Table 36. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace, 1995

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.5 0.9 0.7 2.1 2.3

All Buildings ............................... 58,772 49,935 9,238 6,931 12,494 2,521 11,065 26,628 2,451 949 6.8

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ............................ 6,338 4,376 1,133 652 1,209 Q Q 1,603 269 Q 11.9

 5,001 to 10,000 .......................... 7,530 5,531 1,732 559 1,277 Q Q 2,484 322 Q 17.9

 10,001 to 25,000 ........................ 11,617 9,712 1,970 1,523 2,194 239 264 4,932 491 Q 16.3

 25,001 to 50,000 ........................ 7,676 6,760 1,224 826 1,664 275 1,107 3,928 220 Q 13.4

 50,001 to 100,000 ...................... 7,968 7,178 970 1,186 1,690 348 1,666 4,296 317 Q 13.0

 100,001 to 200,000 .................... 6,776 6,175 707 730 1,617 587 2,080 3,539 312 Q 14.7

 200,001 to 500,000 .................... 5,553 5,235 824 788 1,639 557 2,687 2,936 290 Q 13.7

 Over 500,000 ............................. 5,313 4,968 677 666 1,205 432 3,124 2,911 Q Q 17.3

Principal Building Activity

 Education ................................... 7,740 6,741 865 615 2,869 653 1,715 2,942 222 Q 16.2

 Food Sales ................................. 642 612 173 Q Q Q Q 362 Q Q 29.0

 Food Service ............................. 1,353 1,310 381 Q 247 Q Q 815 Q Q 24.4

 Health Care ................................ 2,333 2,323 579 327 749 403 1,370 1,291 Q Q 15.0

 Lodging ...................................... 3,618 3,193 473 827 1,629 Q 873 1,348 354 Q 20.3

 Mercantile and Service .............. 12,728 11,086 1,835 1,164 1,761 Q 1,389 6,762 523 Q 15.5

 Office ......................................... 10,478 10,360 1,663 2,229 1,179 568 3,683 5,847 257 301 12.3

 Public Assembly ........................ 3,948 3,394 552 426 764 372 872 1,669 Q Q 19.2

 Public Order and Safety ............. 1,271 856 193 Q 383 Q 287 420 Q Q 34.6

 Religious Worship ...................... 2,792 2,414 800 356 576 Q Q 971 Q Q 25.1

 Warehouse and Storage ............ 8,481 5,991 1,561 623 1,835 Q 247 3,445 Q Q 21.6

 Other .......................................... 1,004 921 Q Q Q Q 281 414 Q Q 40.8

 Vacant ........................................ 2,384 732 Q Q 192 Q Q 342 Q Q 30.2

Year Constructed

 1919 or Before ........................... 3,673 2,818 729 Q 1,389 Q 292 1,026 Q Q 22.7

 1920 to 1945 .............................. 6,710 5,038 766 512 2,122 187 740 2,408 196 Q 18.9

 1946 to 1959 .............................. 9,298 7,549 1,716 1,085 2,713 322 1,433 3,509 413 Q 16.0

 1960 to 1969 .............................. 10,858 8,978 1,423 798 2,732 527 2,603 5,202 423 Q 12.8

 1970 to 1979 .............................. 11,333 10,389 1,851 1,521 1,847 674 2,846 6,087 432 Q 11.5

 1980 to 1989 .............................. 12,252 11,174 2,208 2,131 1,384 400 2,343 6,104 689 178 13.5

 1990 to 1992 .............................. 2,590 2,345 325 506 156 Q 467 1,335 Q Q 22.4

 1993 to 1995 .............................. 2,059 1,644 219 241 Q Q 342 957 Q Q 22.7

Census Region

 Northeast ................................... 11,883 9,523 1,702 794 3,725 291 2,502 5,368 Q Q 13.6

 Midwest ...................................... 14,322 12,033 2,734 912 3,551 778 2,553 5,917 Q 221 13.8

 South ......................................... 20,830 18,606 3,726 3,616 3,698 919 3,736 9,737 517 219 11.6

 West ........................................... 11,736 9,772 1,075 1,609 1,520 533 2,273 5,606 1,743 289 13.7

Climate Zone: 45-Year

Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ............. 5,098 4,115 933 298 1,361 Q 643 2,117 Q Q 24.0

 5,500 to 7,000 HDD ................ 14,597 11,903 2,265 655 3,585 624 2,922 6,153 412 360 12.9

 4,000 to 5,499 HDD ................ 15,155 12,620 2,554 2,204 3,844 632 3,181 6,616 157 283 14.1

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ........... 13,491 11,981 1,533 2,352 2,029 432 2,581 6,939 893 Q 15.9

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ........... 10,430 9,315 1,952 1,421 1,675 726 1,737 4,804 847 Q 16.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 36. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.5 0.9 0.7 2.1 2.3

Workers (main shift)

 Fewer than 5 .............................. 13,885 8,324 2,076 980 2,628 Q 280 2,807 523 Q 15.5

 5 to 9 .......................................... 6,291 5,260 1,123 529 1,109 Q Q 2,808 161 Q 18.5

 10 to 19 ...................................... 7,102 6,449 1,488 860 1,580 Q 298 3,458 394 Q 15.9

 20 to 49 ...................................... 9,132 8,302 1,575 1,271 1,988 250 1,075 4,720 352 Q 14.2

 50 to 99 ...................................... 6,931 6,379 917 879 1,643 366 1,505 4,239 248 Q 14.5

 100 to 249 .................................. 5,988 5,872 707 1,065 1,535 356 2,054 3,360 424 Q 13.4

 250 or More ............................... 9,443 9,349 1,351 1,347 2,011 1,172 5,684 5,237 350 405 11.9

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ................................ 6,134 2,845 761 270 683 Q 276 1,000 Q Q 21.2

 40 to 48 ...................................... 13,233 11,401 2,294 1,782 2,578 350 1,349 5,760 501 Q 15.0

 49 to 60 ...................................... 12,242 10,897 1,916 1,392 2,781 409 1,969 5,679 488 299 12.8

 61 to 84 ...................................... 10,052 9,212 1,460 1,291 1,868 381 2,399 5,127 374 Q 14.4

 85 to 167 .................................... 6,202 5,644 819 442 1,157 395 1,199 3,644 259 Q 16.6

 Open Continuously .................... 10,908 9,936 1,988 1,754 3,427 919 3,873 5,418 655 285 11.3

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ....... 24,352 20,116 3,398 3,352 5,190 2,202 5,717 9,482 831 381 8.3

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ....... 34,420 29,819 5,840 3,578 7,303 319 5,348 17,147 1,620 568 9.1

Predominant Exterior Wall

Material

 Masonry ..................................... 42,958 37,394 6,776 5,165 9,601 1,944 8,151 20,258 1,775 736 7.6

 Siding or Shingles ...................... 3,243 2,369 665 406 1,022 Q Q 661 Q Q 27.6

 Metal Panels .............................. 5,694 3,713 943 506 869 Q 345 1,814 Q Q 19.3

 Concrete Panels ........................ 4,069 3,790 542 412 576 302 1,201 2,438 269 Q 18.5

 Window Glass ............................ 1,755 1,730 192 324 280 Q 887 998 Q Q 25.3

 Other .......................................... 660 578 Q Q Q Q 304 289 Q Q 27.9

 No One Major Type ................... 393 362 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 63.8

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ...................................... 24,481 21,744 3,013 2,895 4,478 1,320 5,412 13,354 1,182 493 10.2

 Shingles (Not Wood) .................. 11,093 9,125 2,526 1,277 2,877 Q 966 3,499 420 Q 13.5

 Metal Surfacing .......................... 7,941 5,564 1,318 1,044 1,236 Q 287 2,880 341 Q 16.7

 Synthetic or Rubber ................... 10,235 9,662 1,461 1,254 2,799 682 3,645 5,225 298 312 12.5

 Slate or Tile ................................ 1,920 1,499 279 196 539 Q 166 727 Q Q 22.9

 Wooden Materials ...................... 1,130 730 349 Q Q Q Q 264 Q Q 45.8

 Concrete .................................... 1,335 1,065 Q Q 328 Q 440 355 Q Q 38.4

 Other .......................................... 332 272 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 49.1

 No One Major Type ................... 305 273 Q Q Q Q Q 195 Q Q 57.0

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

 Electricity ................................... 57,076 49,785 9,209 6,918 12,390 2,517 11,057 26,534 2,440 949 6.8

 Natural Gas ................................ 38,145 35,100 6,959 3,637 9,210 1,287 8,312 20,121 1,884 760 8.3

 Fuel Oil ...................................... 14,421 12,904 1,871 1,999 3,992 1,076 6,205 6,628 563 400 11.1

 District Heat ............................... 5,658 5,128 543 448 1,144 2,140 2,137 1,906 Q Q 16.7

 District Chilled Water ................. 2,521 2,521 169 175 298 2,521 Q 649 Q Q 21.1

 Propane ..................................... 5,344 4,520 1,101 566 1,253 Q 448 2,378 Q Q 22.0

 Other .......................................... 2,336 1,943 337 Q 758 Q 438 997 Q Q 27.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 36. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.5 0.9 0.7 2.1 2.3

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ................................... 47,761 47,761 9,036 6,918 12,328 1,274 10,729 25,949 2,431 919 6.9

 Natural Gas ................................ 1,314 1,314 232 Q 215 Q 509 892 Q Q 27.2

 District Chilled Water ................. 2,521 2,521 169 175 298 2,521 Q 649 Q Q 21.1

Energy End Uses (more

than one may apply)

 Buildings with Space Heating .... 54,347 49,090 8,975 6,888 12,294 2,479 10,857 26,297 2,443 949 6.9

 Buildings with Cooling ................ 49,935 49,935 9,238 6,931 12,494 2,521 11,065 26,628 2,451 949 6.8

 Buildings with Water Heating ..... 51,560 47,249 8,697 6,663 11,804 2,442 10,977 25,476 2,258 928 6.9

 Buildings with Cooking ............... 20,713 19,465 3,265 2,779 5,828 982 6,960 11,428 1,056 380 8.5

 Buildings with Manufacturing ..... 3,893 3,587 675 521 964 Q 568 1,749 Q Q 22.4

 Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ................................ 13,366 12,986 1,877 1,890 3,103 1,171 6,720 7,514 656 356 10.5

Percent of Floorspace

Cooled

 Not Cooled ................................. 8,837 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 17.2

 1 to 50 ........................................ 15,027 15,027 3,249 1,330 6,395 Q 969 7,235 597 Q 13.4

 51 to 99 ...................................... 12,549 12,549 2,015 2,068 2,965 705 4,956 7,335 595 325 11.2

 100 ............................................. 22,359 22,359 3,974 3,533 3,133 1,645 5,140 12,059 1,260 417 8.7

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Heat Pumps ............................... 5,843 5,813 698 5,302 1,320 Q 1,036 2,179 379 Q 12.9

 Furnaces .................................... 14,923 12,967 5,320 1,387 3,400 Q 737 6,629 720 216 13.2

 Individual Space Heaters ........... 16,809 14,831 2,884 2,183 5,440 369 3,305 8,689 897 359 12.9

 District Heat ............................... 5,911 5,286 543 481 1,161 2,192 2,181 2,013 Q Q 16.7

 Boilers ........................................ 16,754 15,050 2,305 1,523 5,612 215 7,049 7,569 790 552 10.9

 Packaged Heating Units ............ 16,893 16,643 1,995 2,088 2,731 162 2,280 14,953 1,053 274 12.0

 Other .......................................... 6,249 5,899 1,076 805 1,533 385 3,381 3,311 273 234 15.4

Cooling Equipment (more than

one may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners ........................ 9,238 9,238 9,238 917 2,424 169 1,432 2,885 356 Q 12.2

 Heat Pumps ............................... 6,931 6,931 917 6,931 1,519 175 1,179 2,857 508 Q 12.8

 Individual Air Conditioners ......... 12,494 12,494 2,424 1,519 12,494 298 2,398 4,976 417 188 11.3

 District Chilled Water ................. 2,521 2,521 169 175 298 2,521 Q 649 Q Q 21.1

 Central Chillers .......................... 11,065 11,065 1,432 1,179 2,398 Q 11,065 4,796 530 291 11.6

 Packaged Air Conditioning

 Units .......................................... 26,628 26,628 2,885 2,857 4,976 649 4,796 26,628 1,303 316 9.5

 Swamp Coolers ......................... 2,451 2,451 356 508 417 Q 530 1,303 2,451 Q 24.8

 Other .......................................... 949 949 Q Q 188 Q 291 316 Q 949 25.9

Energy-Related Space

Functions (more than one may

apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ... 20,713 19,465 3,265 2,779 5,828 982 6,960 11,428 1,056 380 8.5

 Computer Room ........................ 12,890 12,890 1,997 1,927 3,812 1,226 5,715 7,906 584 474 9.6

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .............. 6,753 6,354 1,008 1,050 2,746 344 2,193 3,146 623 Q 14.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 36. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

Air

Conditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.5 0.9 0.7 2.1 2.3

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one

may apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ........... 46,355 42,198 7,989 6,041 9,997 2,215 9,981 22,839 1,978 822 7.5

 Wall Insulation ........................... 31,694 29,545 5,765 4,952 6,533 1,470 6,745 16,015 1,131 673 8.4

 Storm or Multiple Glazing .......... 28,876 26,701 5,591 4,104 6,304 1,560 6,805 14,393 1,129 596 8.8

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass .......................... 24,245 23,202 4,549 3,684 3,967 1,692 7,290 13,429 1,218 611 8.5

 Exterior or Interior

 Shading or Awnings .................. 37,208 34,641 6,119 5,417 8,289 1,991 8,899 18,634 1,742 819 7.5

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ...... 13,473 13,150 1,832 1,485 2,309 1,534 6,502 7,143 602 535 10.3

 Economizer Cycle ...................... 16,550 16,550 2,319 2,173 3,103 1,340 7,057 10,468 969 518 9.4

 HVAC Maintenance ................... 43,134 40,151 6,981 5,919 9,581 2,394 10,620 22,272 1,962 883 7.4

 Other Energy Efficient

 Equipment ................................. 6,453 6,092 951 919 1,501 626 2,406 3,564 301 179 13.4

Off-Hour Equipment

Reduction (more than one

may apply)

 Heating ...................................... 38,326 34,434 6,403 4,277 7,812 1,454 6,226 18,360 1,569 612 8.3

 Cooling ....................................... 35,605 35,605 6,598 4,372 8,204 1,482 6,477 18,870 1,599 602 8.2

 Lighting ...................................... 44,937 39,237 7,189 5,115 8,828 1,595 7,092 20,799 1,706 601 7.9

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

-- = Data not applicable.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.
Table 37. Refrigeration Equipment, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

All Buildings

with

Refrigeration

Equipment

Types of Equipment

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings

All Buildings

with

Refrigeration

Equipment

Types of Equipment

(more than one may apply)

Walkin

Open

Cases

or

Cabinets

Closed

Cases

or

Cabinets

Type

UnspecifiedWalkin

Open

Cases

or

Cabinets

Closed

Cases

or

Cabinets

Type

Unspecified

0.5 0.8 1.0 1.4 0.9 5.0 0.4 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.7 3.5

All Buildings ............................... 4,579 1,000 568 227 799 39 58,772 22,179 16,240 7,931 17,203 482 7.2

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ............................ 2,399 512 280 98 420 Q 6,338 1,319 752 249 1,050 Q 12.2

 5,001 to 10,000 .......................... 1,035 165 102 32 127 Q 7,530 1,249 776 255 937 Q 24.0

 10,001 to 25,000 ........................ 745 164 78 44 132 Q 11,617 2,617 1,226 752 2,133 Q 18.7

 25,001 to 50,000 ........................ 213 70 42 20 53 Q 7,676 2,606 1,570 767 1,990 Q 13.8

 50,001 to 100,000 ...................... 115 49 32 16 36 Q 7,968 3,417 2,291 1,150 2,499 Q 12.3

 100,001 to 200,000 .................... 48 23 19 9 17 Q 6,776 3,265 2,696 1,194 2,402 Q 12.6

 200,001 to 500,000 .................... 19 13 11 5 10 Q 5,553 3,686 3,219 1,641 2,931 Q 12.4

 Over 500,000 ............................. 6 4 4 2 3 Q 5,313 4,021 3,711 1,923 3,261 Q 15.3

Principal Building Activity

 Education ................................... 309 97 41 25 78 Q 7,740 4,861 3,357 1,649 3,591 Q 14.8

 Food Sales ................................. 137 136 102 47 125 Q 642 635 508 354 521 Q 20.7

 Food Service ............................. 285 272 194 64 212 Q 1,353 1,318 1,118 309 1,012 Q 18.2

 Health Care ................................ 105 15 7 3 13 Q 2,333 1,653 1,461 661 1,368 Q 19.4

 Lodging ...................................... 158 36 21 12 30 Q 3,618 2,091 1,662 692 1,704 Q 22.1

 Mercantile and Service .............. 1,289 249 124 63 202 Q 12,728 5,230 4,024 2,696 4,431 Q 14.8

 Office ......................................... 705 26 11 5 23 Q 10,478 2,699 1,885 1,045 2,168 Q 16.2

 Public Assembly ........................ 326 86 28 4 65 Q 3,948 1,646 894 285 1,390 Q 25.1

 Public Order and Safety ............. 87 4 3 Q Q Q 1,271 206 158 Q Q Q 42.7

 Religious Worship ...................... 269 21 Q Q 13 Q 2,792 288 Q Q 257 Q 38.0

 Warehouse and Storage ............ 580 39 27 Q 24 Q 8,481 1,037 807 Q 285 Q 32.5

 Other .......................................... 67 7 3 Q Q Q 1,004 355 226 Q 239 Q 47.1

 Vacant ........................................ 261 Q Q Q Q Q 2,384 Q Q Q Q Q 30.3

Year Constructed

 1919 or Before ........................... 353 79 40 29 52 Q 3,673 1,210 695 485 779 Q 29.3

 1920 to 1945 .............................. 562 119 65 19 102 Q 6,710 1,961 1,264 331 1,669 Q 22.8

 1946 to 1959 .............................. 867 161 78 30 113 Q 9,298 3,270 2,079 1,166 2,530 Q 17.4

 1960 to 1969 .............................. 718 178 78 41 143 Q 10,858 4,463 3,144 1,262 3,459 Q 16.4

 1970 to 1979 .............................. 813 200 115 34 168 Q 11,333 4,728 3,786 1,695 3,705 Q 13.5

 1980 to 1989 .............................. 846 190 132 58 164 Q 12,252 4,676 3,801 2,209 3,594 Q 16.0

 1990 to 1992 .............................. 218 42 38 Q 33 Q 2,590 1,060 819 455 877 Q 25.7

 1993 to 1995 .............................. 202 30 21 4 23 Q 2,059 809 652 328 590 Q 28.6

Census Region

 Northeast ................................... 725 175 95 31 133 Q 11,883 4,984 3,661 1,856 3,804 Q 15.4

 Midwest ...................................... 1,139 242 134 44 187 Q 14,322 5,363 3,920 1,462 4,093 Q 16.1

 South ......................................... 1,750 383 216 98 321 Q 20,830 7,937 5,790 3,285 6,270 Q 12.8

 West ........................................... 964 200 122 54 159 Q 11,736 3,895 2,869 1,329 3,036 Q 16.6

Workers (main shift)

 Fewer than 5 .............................. 2,505 455 198 80 367 Q 13,885 1,950 827 329 1,432 Q 17.4

 5 to 9 .......................................... 798 145 108 17 122 Q 6,291 1,133 748 117 938 Q 20.4

 10 to 19 ...................................... 625 167 109 56 131 Q 7,102 1,889 1,117 653 1,502 Q 20.7

 20 to 49 ...................................... 400 137 79 35 106 Q 9,132 3,825 2,192 931 2,866 Q 14.3

 50 to 99 ...................................... 138 51 40 22 39 Q 6,931 3,714 3,114 1,628 2,847 Q 13.5

 100 to 249 .................................. 71 25 19 10 19 Q 5,988 3,010 2,571 1,307 2,288 Q 14.6

 250 or More ............................... 43 20 14 8 15 Q 9,443 6,657 5,671 2,968 5,329 Q 13.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 37. Refrigeration Equipment, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

All Buildings

with

Refrigeration

Equipment

Types of Equipment

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings

All Buildings

with

Refrigeration

Equipment

Types of Equipment

(more than one may apply)

Walkin

Open

Cases

or

Cabinets

Closed

Cases

or

Cabinets

Type

UnspecifiedWalkin

Open

Cases

or

Cabinets

Closed

Cases

or

Cabinets

Type

Unspecified

0.5 0.8 1.0 1.4 0.9 5.0 0.4 0.6 0.7 1.0 0.7 3.5

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ................................ 899 70 15 Q 48 Q 6,134 718 305 Q 477 Q 26.3

 40 to 48 ...................................... 1,257 124 38 18 92 Q 13,233 2,596 1,523 594 1,995 Q 18.4

 49 to 60 ...................................... 969 153 75 23 108 Q 12,242 3,533 2,300 1,064 2,715 Q 18.0

 61 to 84 ...................................... 567 225 124 54 203 Q 10,052 5,434 4,008 2,429 4,488 Q 16.1

 85 to 167 .................................... 420 297 223 93 236 Q 6,202 3,642 2,864 1,496 2,655 Q 14.1

 Open Continuously .................... 466 130 92 36 110 Q 10,908 6,255 5,240 2,175 4,874 Q 14.6

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ....... 1,480 214 113 46 175 Q 24,352 9,064 6,782 3,129 7,221 Q 11.8

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ....... 3,099 786 455 181 624 33 34,420 13,115 9,458 4,802 9,982 344 8.2

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

 Electricity ................................... 4,343 996 567 227 795 39 57,076 22,071 16,151 7,918 17,095 482 7.1

 Natural Gas ................................ 2,478 616 365 136 481 21 38,145 16,688 12,467 5,982 12,905 337 8.8

 Fuel Oil ...................................... 607 141 59 24 112 Q 14,421 8,420 6,539 3,155 6,408 Q 15.0

 District Heat ............................... 110 23 9 5 20 Q 5,658 2,431 1,836 758 1,953 Q 26.2

 District Chilled Water ................. 53 Q 4 3 Q Q 2,521 1,258 830 432 970 Q 27.4

 Propane ..................................... 589 175 97 27 144 Q 5,344 2,462 1,738 787 1,896 Q 24.3

 Other .......................................... 213 38 14 Q 27 Q 2,336 866 656 336 782 Q 30.5

Energy End Uses (more

than one may apply)

 Buildings with Space Heating .... 4,024 961 540 215 768 35 54,347 21,716 15,838 7,799 16,864 446 7.4

 Buildings with Cooling ................ 3,381 921 540 220 736 31 49,935 21,094 15,651 7,796 16,384 421 7.5

 Buildings with Water Heating ..... 3,486 942 542 222 756 39 51,560 21,776 15,999 7,870 16,941 462 7.1

 Buildings with Cooking ............... 828 625 409 165 508 17 20,713 17,895 14,194 7,136 14,403 229 8.3

 Buildings with Manufacturing ..... 204 49 18 3 46 Q 3,893 1,408 923 360 1,118 Q 30.9

 Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ................................ 247 73 46 28 56 Q 13,366 8,781 7,261 3,863 6,838 Q 12.3

Energy-Related Space

Functions (more than one may

apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ... 828 625 409 165 508 17 20,713 17,895 14,194 7,136 14,403 229 8.3

 Computer Room ........................ 234 68 38 27 56 Q 12,890 7,206 5,816 2,947 5,457 Q 11.8

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .............. 243 105 64 38 92 Q 6,753 4,961 4,145 2,085 4,012 Q 17.5

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.
Table 38. Water-Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Water Heating Equipment

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Water Heating Equipment

Centralized

System

Distributed

System

Combination

of

Centralized

and

Distributed

Systems

Centralized

System

Distributed

System

Combination

of

Centralized

and

Distributed

Systems

0.8 0.8 0.9 1.4 2.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.6

All Buildings ............................... 4,579 3,486 2,671 742 73 58,772 51,560 31,656 16,495 3,409 5.4

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ............................ 2,399 1,689 1,431 255 Q 6,338 4,617 3,889 718 Q 8.0

 5,001 to 10,000 .......................... 1,035 780 589 155 Q 7,530 5,652 4,221 1,160 Q 11.7

 10,001 to 25,000 ........................ 745 644 435 201 8 11,617 10,053 6,712 3,195 145 10.5

 25,001 to 50,000 ........................ 213 195 113 70 12 7,676 7,060 4,039 2,544 477 8.3

 50,001 to 100,000 ...................... 115 110 64 38 8 7,968 7,611 4,404 2,675 532 8.7

 100,001 to 200,000 .................... 48 45 27 14 3 6,776 6,269 3,813 1,968 488 10.4

 200,001 to 500,000 .................... 19 18 10 6 2 5,553 5,303 2,924 1,602 777 11.0

 Over 500,000 ............................. 6 6 2 3 1 5,313 4,995 1,652 2,633 710 12.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ................................... 309 258 185 62 11 7,740 7,515 5,203 1,424 888 11.6

 Food Sales ................................. 137 125 104 Q Q 642 599 443 Q Q 19.0

 Food Service ............................. 285 279 232 43 Q 1,353 1,342 1,058 231 Q 17.1

 Health Care ................................ 105 105 87 17 1 2,333 2,327 1,635 413 279 18.4

 Lodging ...................................... 158 158 98 55 5 3,618 3,609 2,497 811 301 15.6

 Mercantile and Service .............. 1,289 916 707 201 Q 12,728 10,925 5,248 5,411 266 11.4

 Office ......................................... 705 678 519 145 15 10,478 10,278 6,076 3,403 799 10.7

 Public Assembly ........................ 326 276 217 50 Q 3,948 3,632 2,547 831 Q 17.0

 Public Order and Safety ............. 87 69 63 Q Q 1,271 1,018 833 Q Q 31.0

 Religious Worship ...................... 269 248 172 66 Q 2,792 2,685 1,482 1,061 Q 17.8

 Warehouse and Storage ............ 580 251 185 65 Q 8,481 5,845 3,428 2,251 Q 17.7

 Other .......................................... 67 43 39 4 Q 1,004 893 625 222 Q 34.1

 Vacant ........................................ 261 81 63 11 Q 2,384 892 581 183 Q 24.8

Year Constructed

 1919 or Before ........................... 353 287 229 56 Q 3,673 3,206 2,418 623 Q 16.6

 1920 to 1945 .............................. 562 429 350 68 Q 6,710 5,349 3,836 1,225 288 14.8

 1946 to 1959 .............................. 867 656 534 109 Q 9,298 8,136 5,468 2,041 628 11.8

 1960 to 1969 .............................. 718 562 417 129 16 10,858 9,722 6,562 2,530 630 10.6

 1970 to 1979 .............................. 813 632 508 109 14 11,333 10,117 6,191 3,229 698 9.5

 1980 to 1989 .............................. 846 667 447 205 14 12,252 11,105 5,202 5,163 740 11.1

 1990 to 1992 .............................. 218 145 99 45 Q 2,590 2,263 1,200 941 Q 17.5

 1993 to 1995 .............................. 202 108 86 20 Q 2,059 1,661 780 744 Q 21.9

Census Region

 Northeast ................................... 725 602 498 90 13 11,883 10,778 6,906 3,056 815 12.5

 Midwest ...................................... 1,139 849 661 174 14 14,322 12,517 7,752 3,787 978 11.1

 South ......................................... 1,750 1,250 937 295 18 20,830 17,511 10,135 6,602 775 9.1

 West ........................................... 964 785 574 182 28 11,736 10,754 6,863 3,050 841 11.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 38. Water-Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Water Heating Equipment

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Water Heating Equipment

Centralized

System

Distributed

System

Combination

of

Centralized

and

Distributed

Systems

Centralized

System

Distributed

System

Combination

of

Centralized

and

Distributed

Systems

0.8 0.8 0.9 1.4 2.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.6

Workers (main shift)

 Fewer than 5 .............................. 2,505 1,587 1,301 270 Q 13,885 8,772 6,640 1,900 Q 9.5

 5 to 9 .......................................... 798 705 559 132 Q 6,291 5,610 4,337 1,137 Q 12.6

 10 to 19 ...................................... 625 580 438 127 Q 7,102 6,566 4,583 1,802 Q 11.3

 20 to 49 ...................................... 400 377 241 123 13 9,132 8,763 5,061 3,193 508 9.8

 50 to 99 ...................................... 138 127 72 46 8 6,931 6,622 3,565 2,400 658 10.3

 100 to 249 .................................. 71 69 39 25 5 5,988 5,903 3,009 2,269 625 10.4

 250 or More ............................... 43 42 21 18 3 9,443 9,324 4,460 3,795 1,069 12.8

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ................................ 899 466 404 58 Q 6,134 3,290 2,476 634 Q 14.7

 40 to 48 ...................................... 1,257 1,035 759 243 32 13,233 11,585 7,429 3,552 604 10.7

 49 to 60 ...................................... 969 742 568 165 9 12,242 10,765 6,809 3,408 548 10.1

 61 to 84 ...................................... 567 494 387 100 7 10,052 9,535 4,980 4,113 442 11.2

 85 to 167 .................................... 420 375 287 74 14 6,202 5,928 3,314 1,990 624 13.0

 Open Continuously .................... 466 375 266 100 8 10,908 10,457 6,648 2,798 1,011 9.8

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ....... 1,480 1,036 700 304 32 24,352 21,003 12,483 7,040 1,479 7.8

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ....... 3,099 2,450 1,971 438 41 34,420 30,557 19,172 9,455 1,929 6.5

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

 Electricity ................................... 4,343 3,472 2,660 738 73 57,076 51,363 31,506 16,448 3,409 5.4

 Natural Gas ................................ 2,478 2,201 1,712 434 55 38,145 36,284 22,624 11,064 2,596 6.2

 Fuel Oil ...................................... 607 504 408 74 22 14,421 13,959 8,566 3,923 1,471 12.2

 District Heat ............................... 110 96 74 17 5 5,658 5,424 3,775 1,020 629 17.7

 District Chilled Water ................. 53 49 35 Q 2 2,521 2,442 1,690 540 212 22.1

 Propane ..................................... 589 477 354 121 Q 5,344 4,934 2,761 2,002 Q 17.0

 Other .......................................... 213 158 146 10 Q 2,336 2,024 1,502 283 Q 23.2

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ................................... 1,684 1,684 1,195 469 19 23,056 23,056 10,941 11,036 1,079 8.8

 Natural Gas ................................ 1,577 1,577 1,245 285 47 24,859 24,859 16,401 6,316 2,143 7.5

 Fuel Oil ...................................... 120 120 98 Q Q 2,151 2,151 1,618 293 Q 27.1

 District Heat ............................... 54 54 47 3 4 3,949 3,949 2,963 458 528 20.4

 Propane ..................................... 110 110 89 21 Q 1,020 1,020 612 383 Q 27.2

Energy End Uses (more

than one may apply)

 Buildings with Space Heating .... 4,024 3,418 2,618 726 73 54,347 50,796 31,230 16,171 3,395 5.5

 Buildings with Cooling ................ 3,381 2,968 2,210 687 70 49,935 47,249 28,135 15,841 3,274 5.5

 Buildings with Water Heating ..... 3,486 3,486 2,671 742 73 51,560 51,560 31,656 16,495 3,409 5.5

 Buildings with Cooking ............... 828 816 581 201 34 20,713 20,632 10,898 7,484 2,251 6.7

 Buildings with Manufacturing ..... 204 169 116 51 Q 3,893 3,666 1,892 1,559 Q 17.9

 Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ................................ 247 238 178 43 17 13,366 13,239 7,186 4,370 1,684 11.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 38. Water-Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Water Heating Equipment

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

with

Water

Heating

Water Heating Equipment

Centralized

System

Distributed

System

Combination

of

Centralized

and

Distributed

Systems

Centralized

System

Distributed

System

Combination

of

Centralized

and

Distributed

Systems

0.8 0.8 0.9 1.4 2.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.6

Energy-Related Space

Functions (more than one may

apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ... 828 816 581 201 34 20,713 20,632 10,898 7,484 2,251 6.7

 Computer Room ........................ 234 230 157 55 19 12,890 12,726 7,020 4,028 1,678 10.4

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .............. 243 243 156 78 9 6,753 6,753 4,014 1,843 896 14.0

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.
Table 39. Lighting Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1995

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Halogen

0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.4 1.7

All Buildings .................................. 4,579 4,237 2,479 3,885 364 393 302 5.9

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ............................... 2,399 2,185 1,205 1,952 101 79 100 9.4

 5,001 to 10,000 ............................. 1,035 948 613 868 75 93 85 12.2

 10,001 to 25,000 ........................... 745 712 431 684 89 107 58 11.5

 25,001 to 50,000 ........................... 213 208 115 200 41 46 23 7.8

 50,001 to 100,000 ......................... 115 113 69 111 30 34 17 8.3

 100,001 to 200,000 ....................... 48 46 29 45 15 20 11 8.7

 200,001 to 500,000 ....................... 19 19 14 18 10 10 6 9.2

 Over 500,000 ................................ 6 6 5 6 3 4 3 10.2

Principal Building Activity

 Education ...................................... 309 308 149 294 33 42 23 14.6

 Food Sales .................................... 137 137 50 137 Q Q Q 22.2

 Food Service ................................ 285 285 210 260 50 Q Q 14.7

 Health Care ................................... 105 105 81 99 27 Q Q 25.6

 Lodging ......................................... 158 158 147 134 32 11 28 16.0

 Mercantile and Service ................. 1,289 1,268 586 1,202 67 84 79 12.5

 Office ............................................ 705 696 416 695 79 73 41 13.1

 Public Assembly ........................... 326 326 237 297 26 31 17 19.4

 Public Order and Safety ................ 87 87 37 80 4 3 Q 29.6

 Religious Worship ......................... 269 269 247 193 Q 28 27 19.5

 Warehouse and Storage ............... 580 461 226 376 14 56 28 20.4

 Other ............................................. 67 66 35 66 Q Q Q 41.3

 Vacant ........................................... 261 71 58 52 Q Q Q 31.9

Year Constructed

 1919 or Before .............................. 353 328 250 304 29 28 35 18.1

 1920 to 1945 ................................. 562 487 319 454 28 37 31 15.6

 1946 to 1959 ................................. 867 804 503 726 57 75 60 12.7

 1960 to 1969 ................................. 718 686 394 610 54 72 38 12.5

 1970 to 1979 ................................. 813 799 439 739 72 67 47 11.7

 1980 to 1989 ................................. 846 777 392 734 91 65 67 12.5

 1990 to 1992 ................................. 218 197 110 184 19 18 14 20.1

 1993 to 1995 ................................. 202 159 74 134 14 29 9 28.5

Census Region

 Northeast ...................................... 725 694 390 646 96 102 52 14.0

 Midwest ......................................... 1,139 1,038 661 941 94 116 69 13.3

 South ............................................ 1,750 1,604 857 1,468 82 101 104 9.4

 West .............................................. 964 901 572 831 92 74 76 13.7

Workers (main shift)

 Fewer than 5 ................................. 2,505 2,168 1,252 1,873 77 115 117 10.2

 5 to 9 ............................................. 798 797 524 771 37 57 55 14.5

 10 to 19 ......................................... 625 625 323 609 114 83 48 13.2

 20 to 49 ......................................... 400 397 232 388 71 76 39 11.0

 50 to 99 ......................................... 138 137 76 133 25 28 14 9.9

 100 to 249 ..................................... 71 71 41 69 22 21 12 10.2

 250 or More .................................. 43 43 31 43 20 14 17 15.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 39. Lighting Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1995 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Halogen

0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.4 1.7

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ................................... 899 661 424 506 10 27 25 18.4

 40 to 48 ......................................... 1,257 1,246 699 1,188 72 121 78 10.7

 49 to 60 ......................................... 969 950 523 890 84 91 61 12.1

 61 to 84 ......................................... 567 559 333 533 71 62 45 14.1

 85 to 167 ....................................... 420 401 214 392 63 39 39 14.1

 Open Continuously ....................... 466 421 287 376 64 52 54 13.0

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility .......... 1,480 1,315 736 1,194 126 107 79 8.8

 Not on Multibuilding Facility .......... 3,099 2,922 1,744 2,691 238 286 223 7.1

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

 Electricity ...................................... 4,343 4,237 2,479 3,885 364 393 302 5.8

 Natural Gas ................................... 2,478 2,440 1,500 2,309 247 273 197 6.9

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 607 586 341 560 66 75 48 16.2

 District Heat .................................. 110 110 71 109 26 12 7 18.0

 District Chilled Water .................... 53 53 32 53 12 5 4 26.8

 Propane ........................................ 589 584 317 519 58 69 39 18.0

 Other ............................................. 213 200 116 183 19 17 Q 27.7

Energy End Uses (more

than one may apply)

 Buildings with Space Heating ....... 4,024 3,948 2,329 3,699 357 378 293 6.1

 Buildings with Cooling ................... 3,381 3,346 2,056 3,158 339 335 277 6.0

 Buildings with Water Heating ........ 3,486 3,431 2,096 3,229 343 373 289 6.5

 Buildings with Cooking .................. 828 819 582 793 125 111 75 8.2

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........ 204 198 118 184 22 31 18 24.1

 Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ................................... 247 246 150 243 54 61 35 15.4

Percent Lit when Open

 Zero .............................................. 36 Q Q Q Q Q Q 55.3

 1 to 50 ........................................... 666 666 446 569 42 36 37 15.1

 51 to 99 ......................................... 745 745 498 699 48 91 66 14.7

 100 ................................................ 2,814 2,814 1,529 2,618 275 266 198 7.2

 Building Not in Use/

 Electricity Not Used ..................... 318 -- -- -- -- -- -- 21.4

Percent Lit when Closed

 Zero .............................................. 1,644 1,620 917 1,397 46 100 39 12.8

 1 to 50 ........................................... 2,109 2,109 1,229 2,026 238 228 198 7.3

 51 to 100 ....................................... 87 87 46 86 16 13 11 28.3

 Never Closed ................................ 421 421 287 376 64 52 54 12.9

 Building Not in Use/

 Electricity Not Used ..................... 318 -- -- -- -- -- -- 21.4

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

 Incandescent ................................ 2,479 2,479 2,479 2,150 240 239 222 6.7

 Standard Fluorescent ................... 3,885 3,885 2,150 3,885 356 379 300 5.9

 Compact Fluorescent .................... 364 364 240 356 364 93 57 10.9

 High-Intensity Discharge ............... 393 393 239 379 93 393 98 11.6

 Halogen ........................................ 302 302 222 300 57 98 302 13.4

 Other ............................................. 30 30 Q Q 3 3 2 34.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 39. Lighting Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1995 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Halogen

0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.4 1.7

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ...... 828 819 582 793 125 111 75 8.2

 Computer Room ........................... 234 234 153 233 50 67 38 13.1

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ................. 243 243 155 225 39 49 38 18.1

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ...................... 749 749 409 714 111 173 90 11.3

 Energy-Efficient Ballasts ............... 1,363 1,363 706 1,336 212 219 116 8.9

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ........................................ 237 237 158 229 45 74 59 17.3

 Occupancy Sensors ...................... 131 131 73 119 38 56 11 19.2

 Time Clock .................................... 467 467 308 445 78 107 76 14.2

 Manual Dimmer Switches ............. 501 501 438 468 96 92 88 10.7

 Other ............................................. 79 79 43 78 12 22 5 24.0

Off-Hour Equipment

Reduction (more than one

may apply)

 Heating ......................................... 3,211 3,192 1,886 2,987 253 290 226 7.0

 Cooling .......................................... 2,707 2,706 1,674 2,546 248 254 217 7.0

 Lighting ......................................... 3,753 3,753 2,160 3,464 289 337 244 6.6

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

-- = Data not applicable.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for

explanation of abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.
Table 40. Lighting Equipment, Floorspace, 1995

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Halogen

0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 1.4 1.2 1.5

All Buildings .................................. 58,772 56,261 35,715 53,984 14,273 16,259 9,665 4.4

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ............................... 6,338 5,785 3,168 5,184 324 233 268 9.6

 5,001 to 10,000 ............................. 7,530 6,898 4,523 6,317 552 704 611 12.5

 10,001 to 25,000 ........................... 11,617 11,136 6,648 10,699 1,359 1,655 872 10.8

 25,001 to 50,000 ........................... 7,676 7,528 4,177 7,237 1,522 1,704 844 8.0

 50,001 to 100,000 ......................... 7,968 7,809 4,718 7,700 2,155 2,420 1,239 8.0

 100,001 to 200,000 ....................... 6,776 6,557 4,169 6,383 2,196 2,911 1,553 8.9

 200,001 to 500,000 ....................... 5,553 5,504 4,135 5,432 2,962 3,094 1,875 9.3

 Over 500,000 ................................ 5,313 5,043 4,177 5,031 3,203 3,537 2,403 10.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ...................................... 7,740 7,672 4,727 7,609 1,896 3,112 1,174 9.8

 Food Sales .................................... 642 642 292 642 Q Q Q 17.4

 Food Service ................................ 1,353 1,353 1,034 1,292 368 Q Q 16.6

 Health Care ................................... 2,333 2,333 1,852 2,317 1,387 756 791 10.5

 Lodging ......................................... 3,618 3,601 3,293 3,415 1,529 1,027 953 12.5

 Mercantile and Service ................. 12,728 12,621 6,693 12,384 2,500 2,955 2,037 10.5

 Office ............................................ 10,478 10,451 6,800 10,418 4,143 2,761 2,289 7.3

 Public Assembly ........................... 3,948 3,927 3,071 3,694 1,009 1,339 701 12.1

 Public Order and Safety ................ 1,271 1,271 697 1,131 299 224 Q 24.6

 Religious Worship ......................... 2,792 2,792 2,576 2,358 212 319 334 15.6

 Warehouse and Storage ............... 8,481 7,894 3,575 7,078 581 2,925 855 14.1

 Other ............................................. 1,004 988 654 982 175 455 Q 26.8

 Vacant ........................................... 2,384 715 452 665 Q Q Q 21.5

Year Constructed

 1919 or Before .............................. 3,673 3,469 2,807 3,278 540 597 434 14.2

 1920 to 1945 ................................. 6,710 6,024 4,191 5,786 1,437 1,615 727 12.1

 1946 to 1959 ................................. 9,298 8,897 5,880 8,502 1,571 2,334 1,267 11.0

 1960 to 1969 ................................. 10,858 10,555 6,604 9,846 2,505 2,942 1,521 8.8

 1970 to 1979 ................................. 11,333 11,120 6,739 10,870 3,403 3,473 2,362 7.2

 1980 to 1989 ................................. 12,252 11,769 7,077 11,481 3,403 3,538 2,475 8.3

 1990 to 1992 ................................. 2,590 2,529 1,339 2,432 777 943 479 11.2

 1993 to 1995 ................................. 2,059 1,898 1,079 1,789 637 816 401 14.9

Census Region

 Northeast ...................................... 11,883 11,346 7,796 10,982 3,947 4,557 2,308 9.1

 Midwest ......................................... 14,322 13,719 9,376 13,116 3,273 4,717 2,098 8.0

 South ............................................ 20,830 19,827 11,678 18,969 4,189 4,654 3,405 8.1

 West .............................................. 11,736 11,370 6,865 10,916 2,864 2,331 1,854 9.5

Workers (main shift)

 Fewer than 5 ................................. 13,885 11,533 7,242 10,102 688 1,155 784 11.1

 5 to 9 ............................................. 6,291 6,264 3,969 6,041 424 762 438 13.3

 10 to 19 ......................................... 7,102 7,102 3,552 6,990 1,286 1,464 489 10.5

 20 to 49 ......................................... 9,132 9,103 5,524 8,910 1,997 2,648 1,319 8.1

 50 to 99 ......................................... 6,931 6,860 4,203 6,624 1,740 2,516 1,389 8.7

 100 to 249 ..................................... 5,988 5,975 3,880 5,909 2,017 2,735 1,244 9.3

 250 or More .................................. 9,443 9,425 7,345 9,409 6,121 4,980 4,001 7.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 40. Lighting Equipment, Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Halogen

0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 1.4 1.2 1.5

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ................................... 6,134 4,224 2,795 3,358 171 432 280 14.7

 40 to 48 ......................................... 13,233 13,079 7,377 12,651 1,650 2,961 1,216 9.8

 49 to 60 ......................................... 12,242 12,134 7,053 11,712 2,764 3,000 1,597 8.0

 61 to 84 ......................................... 10,052 9,992 6,664 9,851 3,516 3,521 2,546 9.1

 85 to 167 ....................................... 6,202 6,145 3,776 6,081 1,709 2,052 1,200 10.6

 Open Continuously ....................... 10,908 10,688 8,049 10,332 4,464 4,293 2,827 7.2

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility .......... 24,352 23,179 14,466 22,084 6,388 6,570 3,682 5.5

 Not on Multibuilding Facility .......... 34,420 33,081 21,248 31,900 7,885 9,688 5,983 5.5

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

 Electricity ...................................... 57,076 56,261 35,715 53,984 14,273 16,259 9,665 4.3

 Natural Gas ................................... 38,145 37,723 24,959 36,817 10,118 12,180 7,243 5.2

 Fuel Oil ......................................... 14,421 14,279 10,614 14,187 6,447 6,481 4,305 6.7

 District Heat .................................. 5,658 5,638 4,052 5,553 2,674 2,141 1,248 11.5

 District Chilled Water .................... 2,521 2,517 1,690 2,517 1,135 834 554 13.4

 Propane ........................................ 5,344 5,304 3,008 5,017 1,114 1,610 751 15.1

 Other ............................................. 2,336 2,216 1,423 2,135 602 651 405 16.9

Energy End Uses (more

than one may apply)

 Buildings with Space Heating ....... 54,347 53,686 34,309 52,204 13,979 15,915 9,518 4.6

 Buildings with Cooling ................... 49,935 49,547 32,066 48,495 13,653 15,123 9,316 4.5

 Buildings with Water Heating ........ 51,560 51,016 33,008 49,850 13,897 15,775 9,436 4.5

 Buildings with Cooking .................. 20,713 20,550 15,406 20,404 8,274 8,618 5,648 5.4

 Buildings with Manufacturing ........ 3,893 3,856 2,146 3,763 837 1,517 605 14.0

 Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ................................... 13,366 13,319 10,098 13,209 7,096 6,829 4,675 6.5

Percent Lit when Open

 Zero .............................................. 189 Q Q Q Q Q Q 36.9

 1 to 50 ........................................... 6,008 6,008 3,971 5,533 801 763 513 12.2

 51 to 99 ......................................... 9,692 9,692 6,850 9,508 2,615 2,796 1,801 8.7

 100 ................................................ 40,514 40,514 24,873 38,934 10,857 12,700 7,346 4.8

 Building Not in Use/

 Electricity Not Used ..................... 2,369 -- -- -- -- -- -- 22.3

Percent Lit when Closed

 Zero .............................................. 13,101 12,958 7,146 11,619 1,142 2,190 742 11.2

 1 to 50 ........................................... 30,711 30,711 19,338 30,162 7,819 8,908 5,527 5.4

 51 to 100 ....................................... 1,914 1,914 1,193 1,883 860 868 580 22.0

 Never Closed ................................ 10,677 10,677 8,037 10,320 4,452 4,293 2,815 7.2

 Building Not in Use/

 Electricity Not Used ..................... 2,369 -- -- -- -- -- -- 22.3

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

 Incandescent ................................ 35,715 35,715 35,715 33,733 10,835 11,370 8,029 4.4

 Standard Fluorescent ................... 53,984 53,984 33,733 53,984 14,142 15,898 9,574 4.4

 Compact Fluorescent .................... 14,273 14,273 10,835 14,142 14,273 7,216 5,564 6.9

 High-Intensity Discharge ............... 16,259 16,259 11,370 15,898 7,216 16,259 5,594 6.3

 Halogen ........................................ 9,665 9,665 8,029 9,574 5,564 5,594 9,665 7.2

 Other ............................................. 554 554 471 508 429 Q Q 48.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 40. Lighting Equipment, Floorspace, 1995 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Halogen

0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 1.4 1.2 1.5

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ...... 20,713 20,550 15,406 20,404 8,274 8,618 5,648 5.4

 Computer Room ........................... 12,890 12,821 8,902 12,772 6,192 6,113 4,019 5.9

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water ................. 6,753 6,737 5,404 6,621 2,824 3,171 2,164 8.3

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ...................... 17,868 17,868 11,976 17,474 7,328 8,987 4,898 6.2

 Energy-Efficient Ballasts ............... 28,375 28,375 18,441 27,990 11,155 11,460 7,046 5.1

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors ........................................ 6,431 6,431 5,063 6,317 3,156 3,623 2,578 9.3

 Occupancy Sensors ...................... 5,958 5,958 3,931 5,835 3,394 3,095 1,949 10.8

 Time Clock .................................... 13,262 13,262 9,560 13,112 6,259 6,299 4,534 6.5

 Manual Dimmer Switches ............. 13,056 13,056 11,162 12,748 6,446 5,635 5,139 6.3

 Other ............................................. 2,836 2,836 1,881 2,828 1,526 1,460 879 14.1

Off-Hour Equipment

Reduction (more than one

may apply)

 Heating ......................................... 38,326 38,138 23,405 37,086 8,648 10,305 6,062 5.6

 Cooling .......................................... 35,605 35,481 22,292 34,745 8,639 9,685 6,133 5.4

 Lighting ......................................... 44,937 44,937 27,345 43,074 9,705 11,851 6,767 5.1

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

-- = Data not applicable.

Notes: • To obtain the RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for

explanation of abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1995 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.