Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Other a

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 28,600 36,959 5,988 5,198 3,204 842

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 ................................... 6,789 5,668 2,367 2,829 557 Q 665 183

5,001 to 10,000 ................................. 6,585 5,786 2,560 3,358 626 Q 529 Q

10,001 to 25,000 ............................... 11,535 10,387 4,872 6,407 730 289 597 Q

25,001 to 50,000 ............................... 8,668 8,060 4,040 5,394 436 325 392 Q

50,001 to 100,000 ............................. 9,057 8,718 4,243 5,932 594 560 Q Q

100,001 to 200,000 ........................... 9,064 8,710 3,962 5,261 1,271 1,386 Q Q

200,001 to 500,000 ........................... 7,176 6,907 3,230 4,537 984 1,010 Q Q

Over 500,000 .................................... 5,908 5,792 3,326 3,241 789 1,528 Q Q

Principal Building Activity

Education .......................................... 9,874 9,755 4,047 5,700 1,240 1,117 446 Q

Food Sales ....................................... 1,255 1,131 497 633 Q N Q Q

Food Service ..................................... 1,654 1,608 737 1,070 Q Q 147 Q

Health Care ....................................... 3,163 3,100 1,479 2,184 546 414 Q Q

 Inpatient .......................................... 1,905 1,905 877 1,490 501 357 Q Q

 Outpatient ....................................... 1,258 1,195 602 694 Q Q Q N

Lodging ............................................. 5,096 4,994 3,230 2,918 795 Q Q Q

Retail (Other Than Mall)..................... 4,317 4,075 1,941 2,719 236 Q 224 Q

Office ................................................ 12,208 11,929 6,400 6,637 672 1,526 211 Q

Public Assembly ............................... 3,939 3,777 1,202 2,132 Q 547 Q Q

Public Order and Safety .................... 1,090 1,083 408 559 Q Q Q Q

Religious Worship ............................. 3,754 3,581 1,759 2,450 397 Q 249 N

Service .............................................. 4,050 3,687 1,483 2,411 493 Q 422 398

Warehouse and Storage ................... 10,078 8,126 4,141 5,351 591 Q Q Q

Other ................................................ 1,738 1,691 762 1,145 Q Q Q Q

Vacant .............................................. 2,567 1,491 514 1,050 Q Q Q Q

Year Constructed

Before 1920 ...................................... 3,769 3,667 1,044 2,528 806 Q Q Q

1920 to 1945 ..................................... 6,871 6,236 2,070 3,747 1,499 1,203 Q Q

1946 to 1959 ..................................... 7,045 6,534 2,656 3,776 1,162 661 479 Q

1960 to 1969 ..................................... 8,101 7,510 2,924 4,992 795 818 385 Q

1970 to 1979 ..................................... 10,772 10,223 5,072 6,800 805 573 452 318

1980 to 1989 ..................................... 10,332 9,808 5,822 5,289 294 780 402 Q

1990 to 1999 ..................................... 12,360 11,254 5,998 6,863 493 691 620 Q

2000 to 2003 ..................................... 5,533 4,796 3,016 2,965 Q Q 373 Q

Census Region and Division

Northeast .......................................... 12,905 12,596 4,405 7,238 3,927 1,260 743 Q

 New England .................................. 2,964 2,819 1,132 1,198 1,219 Q Q Q

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 9,941 9,778 3,273 6,041 2,708 1,015 Q Q

Midwest ............................................ 17,080 16,331 6,223 12,180 916 1,640 806 272

 East North Central .......................... 11,595 11,223 3,895 8,758 456 1,420 Q Q

 West North Central ......................... 5,485 5,108 2,328 3,422 460 Q 695 Q

South ................................................ 23,489 20,998 13,058 10,693 897 1,683 1,195 Q

 South Atlantic ................................. 12,258 11,012 7,347 4,852 627 1,173 908 Q

 East South Central .......................... 3,393 3,056 1,411 2,110 Q Q Q Q

 West South Central ......................... 7,837 6,929 4,300 3,731 Q Q Q Q

West ................................................. 11,310 10,102 4,914 6,848 247 615 459 Q

 Mountain ......................................... 3,675 3,525 1,389 2,547 Q 253 245 Q

 Pacific ............................................. 7,635 6,577 3,526 4,301 Q 362 Q Q

Table B27. Space Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Space-Heating Energy Sources Used 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Space

Heating

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 157

Released: October 2006

Next CBECS will be conducted in 2007
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Other a

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 28,600 36,959 5,988 5,198 3,204 842

Table B27. Space Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Space-Heating Energy Sources Used 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Space

Heating

Climate Zone: 30-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ..................... 10,622 10,109 3,945 7,142 1,516 818 849 339

 5,500-7,000 HDD ............................ 17,335 16,720 6,180 11,538 1,616 1,749 650 208

 4,000-5,499 HDD ............................ 11,504 11,239 5,080 6,236 2,295 1,281 Q Q

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 15,739 13,965 7,343 9,362 385 918 755 Q

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD ................... 9,584 7,995 6,052 2,679 Q 432 Q Q

Number of Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ..................................... 15,492 12,182 4,980 6,340 1,317 Q 1,108 295

5 to 9 ................................................ 6,166 5,822 2,612 3,730 465 Q 375 Q

10 to 19 ............................................. 7,803 7,410 3,700 4,274 810 Q 417 Q

20 to 49 ............................................. 10,989 10,822 4,936 7,290 748 653 511 Q

50 to 99 ............................................. 7,934 7,650 3,705 5,368 921 460 Q Q

100 to 249 ......................................... 6,871 6,766 3,555 4,562 689 984 Q Q

250 or More ...................................... 9,528 9,376 5,111 5,395 1,037 2,084 Q Q

Weekly Operating Hours

Fewer than 40 ................................... 6,863 5,246 2,167 2,995 430 Q 459 Q

40 to 48 ............................................. 11,622 10,928 5,059 6,128 1,175 493 650 185

49 to 60 ............................................. 15,723 14,763 7,157 8,731 1,152 1,576 966 Q

61 to 84 ............................................. 10,334 10,012 4,626 6,658 982 772 333 Q

85 to 167 ........................................... 7,092 6,680 2,827 4,370 527 790 282 Q

Open Continuously ........................... 13,149 12,399 6,764 8,077 1,722 1,388 514 Q

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 63,307 59,991 28,600 36,952 5,973 5,198 3,194 821

Natural Gas ...................................... 43,468 42,974 17,056 36,959 3,372 2,323 Q 467

Fuel Oil ............................................. 15,157 14,942 6,994 7,299 5,988 1,596 877 Q

District Heat ...................................... 5,443 5,378 1,205 565 Q 5,198 Q N

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 637 605 Q 2,231 Q N

Propane ............................................ 7,076 6,790 3,339 2,034 1,091 Q 3,204 Q

Other ................................................ 1,401 1,399 495 870 216 Q Q 842

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity .......................................... 15,996 15,996 15,996 3,278 361 Q 472 Q

Natural Gas ...................................... 32,970 32,970 10,265 32,970 1,645 Q Q 318

Fuel Oil ............................................. 3,818 3,818 645 320 3,818 N Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 4,907 4,907 992 Q Q 4,907 Q N

Propane ............................................ 1,955 1,955 632 N Q Q 1,955 Q

Other ................................................ 382 382 Q Q Q N Q 382

Cooling Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 54,321 52,584 27,212 33,906 4,634 2,467 2,488 652

Natural Gas ...................................... 1,018 1,018 477 1,006 Q Q N Q

District Chilled Water ........................ 2,853 2,734 637 605 Q 2,231 Q N

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 158

CONTINUED
Electricity

Natural

Gas

Fuel

Oil

District

Heat Propane Other a

All Buildings* .................................. 64,783 60,028 28,600 36,959 5,988 5,198 3,204 842

Table B27. Space Heating Energy Sources, Floorspace for Non-Mall Buildings, 2003

Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Space-Heating Energy Sources Used 

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings*

Buildings

with 

Space

Heating

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 27,490 26,527 16,579 12,487 2,328 1,618 1,950 421

Natural Gas ...................................... 28,820 28,544 11,286 25,279 2,401 936 Q 264

Fuel Oil ............................................. 1,880 1,797 283 342 1,696 Q Q Q

District Heat ...................................... 3,088 3,023 832 390 Q 2,860 Q N

Propane ............................................ 1,422 1,376 625 Q Q Q 971 Q

Cooking Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity .......................................... 13,161 12,942 7,219 8,082 1,384 1,193 570 Q

Natural Gas ...................................... 15,438 15,125 7,194 11,256 2,296 1,212 Q Q

Propane ............................................ 1,460 1,335 569 Q 471 Q 569 Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ............ 60,028 60,028 28,600 36,959 5,988 5,198 3,204 842

Buildings with Cooling ....................... 56,940 55,188 27,509 34,725 4,804 4,408 2,499 667

Buildings with Water Heating ............ 56,478 55,154 26,529 34,755 5,589 4,386 2,985 747

Buildings with Cooking ...................... 22,237 21,725 10,845 14,066 3,197 1,768 1,044 Q

Buildings with Manufacturing ............ 3,138 3,072 1,762 2,214 Q Q Q Q

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation ....................................... 12,821 12,635 6,587 8,070 1,231 1,985 629 Q

Percent of Floorspace Heated

Not Heated ....................................... 4,756 N N N N N N N

1 to 50 .............................................. 6,850 6,850 4,077 3,685 772 Q 587 Q

51 to 99 ............................................. 8,107 8,107 4,355 5,077 846 631 344 Q

100 ................................................... 45,071 45,071 20,168 28,197 4,370 4,541 2,272 679

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ...................................... 8,814 8,814 8,688 4,643 295 413 516 Q

 Packaged Heat Pumps ................... 5,442 5,442 5,350 2,845 Q Q Q N

 Split-System Heat Pumps ............... 2,581 2,581 2,581 1,261 Q Q Q Q

 Individual Room Heat Pumps .......... 2,691 2,691 2,657 1,723 Q Q Q Q

Furnaces ........................................... 19,615 19,615 8,653 14,562 1,827 Q 1,946 435

Individual Space Heaters .................. 12,545 12,545 9,838 7,947 1,438 560 1,178 317

District Heat ...................................... 5,166 5,166 1,088 486 Q 5,166 Q N

Boilers .............................................. 20,423 20,423 7,766 16,417 4,355 Q 761 286

Packaged Heating Units ................... 18,021 18,021 11,947 12,283 593 528 833 Q

Other ................................................ 3,262 3,262 2,139 1,524 265 Q 443 384

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 2003 Commercial Buildings

Energy Consumption Survey. 

See "Guide to the Tables" or "Glossary" for further explanations of the terms used in this table. Both can be accessed from the CBECS 

web site - http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs.

 * Figures in this table do not include enclosed malls and strip malls. Mall buildings add an estimated 213 thousand buildings comprising 

6.9 billion square feet.

a

 "Other" includes wood, coal, solar, and all other energy sources.

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Energy Information Administration

2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables

Revised June 2006 159

CONTINUED