H. R. 943 

One Hundred Sixteenth Congress 

of the 

United States of America 

AT THE SECOND SESSION 

Begun and held at the City of Washington on Friday, 

the third day of January, two thousand and twenty 

An Act 

To authorize the Director of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum to 

support Holocaust education programs, and for other purposes. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 

the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Never Again Education Act’’. 

SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

The Congress finds the following: 

(1) The United States has demonstrated a commitment 

to remembrance and education about the Holocaust through 

bilateral relationships and engagement in international 

organizations such as the United Nations and the International 

Holocaust Remembrance Alliance; the United States works to 

promote Holocaust education as a means to understand the 

importance of democratic principles, use and abuse of power, 

and to raise awareness about the importance of genocide 

prevention today. 

(2) The Congress has played a critical role in preserving 

the memory of the Holocaust and promoting awareness, 

including by authorizing the United States Holocaust Memorial 

Museum as an independent establishment of the Federal 

Government to ensure that ‘‘the study of the Holocaust become 

part of the curriculum in every school system in the country’’, 

as well as by establishing a national Holocaust Remembrance 

Day in 1978. 

(3) 75 years after the conclusion of World War II, with 

the decreasing number of eyewitnesses and growing distance 

of students and their families from this history, it is important 

to institutionalize education about the events of the Holocaust 

such as the German Nazis’ racist ideology, propaganda, and 

plan to lead a state to war and, with their collaborators, kill 

millions—including the systematic murder of 6,000,000 Jewish 

people; as well as the persecution and murder of millions of 

others in the name of racial purity, political, ideological, and 

behavioral grounds, among them Roma, the disabled, the Slavs, 

Communists, Socialists, Jehovah’s Witnesses, and homosexuals. 

(4) As intolerance, antisemitism, and bigotry are promoted 

by hate groups, Holocaust education provides a context in which 

to learn about the danger of what can happen when hate 

goes unchallenged and there is indifference in the face of the 
H. R. 943—2 

oppression of others; learning how and why the Holocaust happened is an important component of the education of citizens 

of the United States. 

(5) Today, those who deny that the Holocaust occurred 

or distort the true nature of the Holocaust continue to find 

forums, especially online; this denial and distortion dishonors 

those who were persecuted, and murdered, making it even 

more of a national imperative to educate students in the United 

States so that they may explore the lessons that the Holocaust 

provides for all people, sensitize communities to the circumstances that gave rise to the Holocaust, and help youth 

be less susceptible to the falsehood of Holocaust denial and 

distortion and to the destructive messages of hate that arise 

from Holocaust denial and distortion. 

(6) Currently, 12 States (California, Connecticut, Florida, 

Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, 

Oregon, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island) require by law that 

schools teach students about the Holocaust; more schools and 

teachers, including those in underserved communities, can and 

should deliver quality Holocaust education. 

(7) For more than 30 years, the United States Holocaust 

Memorial Museum has worked to build and support the field 

of Holocaust education, and advance the quality and sustainability of Holocaust education at the local, State, and national 

levels, by engaging teachers and students across disciplines 

and grade levels. 

(8) The Federal Government, through support for educational activities of national museums established under Federal law, can assist teachers in efforts to incorporate historically 

accurate instruction on human rights atrocities, including the 

Holocaust, in curricula. 

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 

In this Act: 

(1) ANTISEMITISM.—The term ‘‘antisemitism’’ means a certain perception of Jews, which may be expressed as hatred 

toward Jews. Rhetorical and physical manifestations of antisemitism are directed toward Jewish or non-Jewish individuals 

or their property, toward Jewish community institutions and 

religious facilities. 

(2) DIRECTOR.—The term ‘‘Director’’ means the Director 

of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. 

(3) ELIGIBLE PROGRAM PARTICIPANT.—The term ‘‘eligible 

program participant’’ means— 

(A) a high school teacher, a teacher of one of the 

middle grades, or a school leader of a high school or a 

school that includes one of the middle grades (as such 

terms are defined in section 8101 of the Elementary and 

Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)); 

(B) an educational leader or expert who is not employed 

by a local educational agency (as defined in section 8101 

of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 

(20 U.S.C. 7801)) or an elementary school or secondary 

school (as such terms are so defined) that is independent 

of any local educational agency; or 
H. R. 943—3 

(C) a prospective teacher enrolled in a program of 

postsecondary education coursework or preservice clinical 

education. 

(4) HOLOCAUST.—The term ‘‘the Holocaust’’ means the 

systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and 

murder of 6,000,000 Jews by the Nazi regime and its allies 

and collaborators. During the era of the Holocaust, German 

authorities also targeted other groups because of their perceived 

‘‘racial inferiority’’, such as Roma, the disabled, and Slavs. 

Other groups were persecuted on political, ideological, and 

behavioral grounds, among them Communists, Socialists, Jehovah’s Witnesses, and homosexuals. 

(5) HOLOCAUST DENIAL AND DISTORTION.—The term ‘‘Holocaust denial and distortion’’ means discourse and propaganda 

that deny the historical reality and the extent of the extermination of the Jews by the Nazis and their accomplices during 

World War II, known as the Holocaust. Holocaust denial refers 

specifically to any attempt to claim that the Holocaust did 

not take place. Holocaust distortion refers to efforts to excuse 

or minimize the events of the Holocaust or its principal elements, including collaborators and allies of Nazi Germany, 

to blame the Jews for causing their own genocide, or to portray 

the Holocaust as a positive historical event. 

(6) HOLOCAUST EDUCATION CENTER.—The term ‘‘Holocaust 

education center’’ means an institution that furthers the 

teaching and learning about the Holocaust by offering programs 

for students and training for teachers and other types of professional leadership audiences. 

(7) HOLOCAUST EDUCATION PROGRAM.—The term ‘‘Holocaust 

education program’’ means a program that has as its specific 

and primary purpose to improve awareness and understanding 

of the Holocaust and educate individuals on the lessons of 

the Holocaust as a means to raise awareness about the importance of preventing genocide, hate, and bigotry against any 

group of people. 

SEC. 4. PROGRAM AUTHORIZED. 

(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized 

to be appropriated to carry out this Act $2,000,000 for fiscal year 

2021 and each of the 4 succeeding fiscal years. 

(b) DONATIONS, GIFTS, BEQUESTS, AND DEVISES OF PROPERTY.— 

In accordance with chapter 23 of title 36, United States Code, 

and in furtherance of the purposes of this Act, the Director is 

authorized to solicit, accept, hold, administer, invest, and use 

donated funds and gifts, bequests, and devises of property, both 

real and personal. 

(c) USE OF FUNDS.—The Director, using funds appropriated 

under subsection (a) and resources received under subsection (b), 

and including through the engagement of eligible program participants as appropriate— 

(1) shall develop and nationally disseminate accurate, relevant, and accessible resources to promote understanding about 

how and why the Holocaust happened, which shall include 

digital resources and may include other types of resources, 

such as print resources and traveling exhibitions; and 

(2) may carry out one or more of the following Holocaust 

education program activities: 
H. R. 943—4 

(A) Development, dissemination, and implementation 

of principles of sound pedagogy for teaching about the 

Holocaust. 

(B) Provision of professional development for eligible 

program participants, such as through— 

(i) local, regional, and national workshops; 

(ii) teacher trainings in conjunction with Holocaust 

education centers and other appropriate partners; 

(iii) engagement with— 

(I) local educational agencies (as defined in 

section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary 

Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 21 7801)); and 

(II) high schools and schools that include one 

of the middle grades (as so defined) that are independent of any local educational agency; and 

(iv) operation and expansion of a teacher fellowship 

program to cultivate and support leaders in Holocaust 

education. 

(C) Engagement with State and local education leaders 

to encourage the adoption of resources supported under 

this Act into curricula across diverse disciplines. 

(D) Evaluation and research to assess the effectiveness 

and impact of Holocaust education programs, which may 

include completion of the report required under section 

8. 

(d) APPLICATIONS.—The Director may seek the engagement of 

an eligible program participant under subsection (c) by requiring 

submission of an application to the Director at such time, in such 

manner, and based on such competitive criteria as the Director 

may require. 

SEC. 5. ONLINE HOLOCAUST EDUCATION RESOURCES. 

(a) WEBSITE.—The Director shall maintain on the website of 

the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum a special section 

designated for Holocaust education resources to improve awareness 

and understanding of the Holocaust and educate individuals on 

the lessons of the Holocaust as a means to raise awareness about 

the importance of preventing genocide, hate, and bigotry against 

any group of people. The website and resources shall be made 

publically available. 

(b) INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION.—The Director shall distribute 

information about the activities funded under this Act through 

the website of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 

and shall respond to inquiries for supplementary information concerning such activities. 

(c) BEST PRACTICES.—The information distributed by the 

Director shall include best practices for educators. 

SEC. 6. UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL COUNCIL. 

The United States Holocaust Memorial Council established 

under section 2302 of title 36, United States Code, shall have 

governance responsibility for the programs and activities carried 

out under this Act in accordance with chapter 23 of title 36, United 

States Code. 

SEC. 7. ENGAGEMENT OF ELIGIBLE PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS. 

(a) IN GENERAL.—An eligible program participant shall be 

engaged at the discretion of the Director to participate in Holocaust 
H. R. 943—5 

education program activities authorized under this Act and 

approved by the Director pursuant to an application described in 

section 4(d). 

(b) ENGAGEMENT PERIOD.—Engagement of eligible program 

participants under this Act shall be for a period determined by 

the Director. 

(c) PRIORITY.—In engaging eligible program participants under 

section 4, the Director shall give priority to applications from such 

participants who work for or with a local educational agency, or 

a school that is independent of any local educational agency, that 

does not, at the time application is made, offer any Holocaust 

education programming. 

SEC. 8. ANNUAL REPORT. 

Not later than February 1 of each year, the Director shall 

submit to the Congress a report describing the activities carried 

out under this Act. 

Speaker of the House of Representatives. 

Vice President of the United States and

President of the Senate.