Table 5.5. U.S. Vehicle Fuel Efficiency by Model Year, 1994

 (Miles per Gallon)

1993 Household and

1994 Vehicle

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Model

Years

Model Year 

RSE

Row

Factor:

1994

to

1995 1993 1992

1989

to

1991

1986

to

1988

1983

to

1985

1980

to

1982

1977

to

1979

1976

or

Earlier

0.5 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.4

Household Characteristics

Total .................................................... 19.8 20.5 21.4 21.5 21.1 21.7 20.3 19.3 13.9 12.2 1.1

Census Region and Division

 Northeast ........................................... 20.7 20.7 21.5 21.9 21.5 22.1 21.0 20.3 14.4 12.2 2.7

 New England ................................... 20.4 Q Q 23.1 21.1 22.1 19.9 Q Q Q 3.3

 Middle Atlantic ................................. 20.8 21.5 22.0 21.3 21.6 22.1 21.5 20.4 14.6 11.9 3.3

 Midwest ............................................. 20.1 21.3 21.9 22.6 21.1 21.8 20.2 19.2 14.3 11.7 2.0

 East North Central ........................... 20.1 21.1 22.3 22.2 21.3 21.8 19.7 19.4 14.3 11.9 2.4

 West North Central .......................... 20.0 21.8 21.2 23.7 20.4 21.6 21.5 19.0 14.3 11.4 3.2

 South ................................................. 19.6 20.3 21.4 20.4 21.0 21.6 19.6 18.7 13.8 12.4 1.9

 South Atlantic .................................. 20.2 20.5 21.6 20.2 21.6 21.9 20.5 19.3 14.1 13.0 2.6

 East South Central .......................... 19.0 21.0 20.5 20.9 21.5 22.1 18.7 17.7 13.6 11.5 4.2

 West South Central ......................... 18.9 19.4 21.5 20.3 19.8 20.9 18.8 18.7 13.6 12.6 3.4

 West .................................................. 19.1 19.1 21.0 21.3 20.8 21.2 21.1 19.6 13.3 12.2 2.6

 Mountain ......................................... 17.9 Q 18.6 20.1 19.0 20.7 19.8 18.5 13.9 12.0 5.2

 Pacific .............................................. 19.7 18.4 22.1 22.3 21.9 21.3 21.7 19.9 13.0 12.4 2.7

Largest Populated States

 California ............................................ 19.8 Q 23.5 22.0 22.2 21.1 21.8 19.1 13.1 11.9 2.8

 Florida ................................................ 20.3 21.6 21.3 20.6 21.1 20.7 20.8 19.7 14.2 Q 3.3

 New York ............................................ 20.9 21.5 21.8 21.0 22.2 22.4 20.1 Q Q Q 3.9

 Texas ................................................. 18.8 19.7 21.8 20.3 19.3 20.9 19.0 19.3 13.7 13.3 3.9

Urban Status

 Urban ................................................ 20.1 20.7 21.8 21.6 21.4 21.9 20.5 19.7 14.0 12.3 1.3

 Central City ..................................... 20.2 21.4 21.4 21.8 21.5 22.1 20.9 20.0 14.3 12.1 2.3

 Suburban ......................................... 20.1 20.4 22.0 21.5 21.3 21.8 20.3 19.6 13.8 12.4 1.7

 Rural .................................................. 18.8 20.0 20.0 21.0 20.2 20.9 19.7 18.0 13.6 11.9 2.3

Household Size

 1 Person ............................................ 20.5 22.1 23.5 21.7 21.8 21.6 21.3 19.5 14.6 12.6 3.4

 2 Persons .......................................... 19.7 20.0 21.2 21.5 21.4 21.6 19.7 18.9 13.7 12.3 1.9

 3 Persons .......................................... 20.1 20.4 21.7 21.6 21.5 21.9 20.8 19.9 14.2 12.7 2.5

 4 Persons .......................................... 19.6 20.2 20.6 20.6 20.1 21.3 20.0 19.8 13.6 11.4 2.5

 5 Persons .......................................... 19.4 20.6 20.7 21.3 20.7 21.9 21.5 18.2 13.3 11.7 3.6

 6 or More Persons ............................. 19.7 Q Q Q 20.6 22.3 20.0 19.6 14.1 Q 4.4

Household Composition

 Households with Children ................. 19.7 20.7 20.9 21.4 20.5 21.8 20.6 19.4 14.0 12.0 1.7

 Age of Oldest Child

 Under 7 Years ............................... 20.0 20.0 21.6 22.4 21.0 21.4 21.6 20.6 13.7 11.5 3.1

 7 to 15 Years ................................. 19.5 20.2 20.6 21.0 20.1 21.9 20.2 19.3 14.2 11.9 2.4

 16 or 17 Years ............................... 19.9 22.9 20.9 21.5 20.7 22.2 20.3 18.6 13.8 12.9 3.6

 Households Without Children ............ 19.9 20.4 21.9 21.5 21.5 21.5 20.1 19.2 13.8 12.3 1.5

 One Adult ........................................ 20.5 22.1 23.5 21.7 21.8 21.6 21.3 19.5 14.6 12.6 3.4

 Age of Householder

 Under 35 Years ........................... 21.6 Q Q Q 24.1 21.3 23.0 Q Q Q 6.9

 35 to 59 Years ............................. 20.5 Q Q Q 20.5 21.7 21.3 Q Q Q 5.3

 60 Years or More ........................ 19.7 Q 22.1 20.6 22.2 21.8 20.3 18.1 14.1 11.6 4.1

 Two or More Adults ......................... 19.7 19.9 21.3 21.4 21.5 21.5 19.9 19.1 13.6 12.2 1.7

 Age of Householder

 Under 35 Years ........................... 21.6 21.1 23.1 23.7 23.2 23.2 21.9 21.1 14.9 12.8 4.2

 35 to 59 Years ............................. 19.5 19.2 21.1 21.0 21.3 21.3 19.5 19.1 13.7 12.1 2.5

 60 Years or More ........................ 18.8 20.1 20.6 20.8 20.5 20.6 19.3 18.1 13.1 12.1 2.4

Race of Householder

 White ................................................. 19.8 20.4 21.3 21.3 21.0 21.6 20.2 19.2 14.0 12.2 1.3

 Black ................................................. 19.8 Q 23.1 22.5 22.3 22.5 21.6 18.4 13.5 11.3 3.5

 Other ................................................. 20.5 Q Q Q 21.5 22.2 20.9 21.9 Q Q 5.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5.5. U.S. Vehicle Fuel Efficiency by Model Year, 1994 (Continued)

 (Miles per Gallon)

1993 Household and

1994 Vehicle

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Model

Years

Model Year 

RSE

Row

Factor:

1994

to

1995 1993 1992

1989

to

1991

1986

to

1988

1983

to

1985

1980

to

1982

1977

to

1979

1976

or

Earlier

0.5 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.4

Hispanic Descent

 Yes .................................................... 19.7 Q 21.0 21.7 20.7 21.7 20.1 19.7 13.3 13.4 4.1

 No ...................................................... 19.8 20.4 21.5 21.4 21.1 21.7 20.3 19.2 13.9 12.1 1.2

1993 Family Income

 Less than $5,000 ............................... 20.7 Q Q Q 23.2 Q 23.9 Q Q Q 8.5

 $5,000 to $9,999 ............................... 19.3 Q Q Q 24.0 23.5 21.5 17.7 13.5 11.9 4.7

 $10,000 to $14,999 ........................... 19.4 Q Q 24.2 22.7 21.7 21.1 20.1 13.4 12.4 3.4

 $15,000 to $19,999 ........................... 19.0 Q Q 22.1 19.9 22.2 19.6 19.8 13.6 11.8 3.0

 $20,000 to $24,999 ........................... 19.8 20.6 23.2 21.5 21.6 22.5 20.5 19.6 13.4 12.2 3.9

 $25,000 to $34,999 ........................... 19.6 21.5 21.4 21.6 20.9 21.8 20.2 19.3 14.7 12.5 2.8

 $35,000 to $49,999 ........................... 20.0 21.0 22.4 21.1 20.5 21.1 20.1 18.8 13.9 12.4 2.6

 $50,000 to $74,999 ........................... 20.4 19.6 21.3 21.8 21.4 21.8 20.1 18.5 13.9 11.8 2.7

 $75,000 or More ................................ 19.8 19.6 20.2 20.1 20.6 20.8 19.6 20.2 Q 11.6 3.2

Below Poverty Line

 100 Percent ....................................... 19.2 Q Q 22.7 22.4 22.0 22.4 20.1 13.4 12.4 3.4

 125 Percent ....................................... 19.2 Q 20.2 22.7 22.2 22.4 21.4 20.1 13.9 12.2 3.1

 150 Percent ....................................... 19.3 21.6 21.0 23.6 22.0 22.8 20.8 19.9 13.6 11.9 2.9

Eligible for Federal Assistance1 ...... 19.4 21.6 21.4 23.1 22.1 22.4 21.1 19.6 13.6 11.9 2.5

Number of Drivers2 (Fall 1993)

 1 ........................................................ 20.2 21.7 22.8 21.7 21.6 22.1 21.3 19.7 14.0 12.8 2.4

 2 ........................................................ 19.6 19.8 20.9 21.4 20.8 21.4 19.9 19.1 13.9 11.9 1.5

 3 ........................................................ 19.9 22.6 21.2 21.2 21.2 22.1 20.4 19.4 13.3 12.6 3.2

 4 or More ........................................... 20.8 Q 23.1 22.8 21.7 22.1 21.1 19.0 Q Q 4.6

Age of Primary Driver

 16 to 17 Years ................................... 21.2 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 9.2

 18 to 22 Years ................................... 22.1 Q Q Q 24.2 24.9 22.4 Q Q Q 5.2

 23 to 29 Years ................................... 22.0 22.0 24.0 25.3 22.9 22.4 21.6 Q Q Q 4.2

 30 to 39 Years ................................... 19.7 20.7 21.8 21.9 20.5 21.7 19.5 18.5 13.3 11.5 3.4

 40 to 49 Years ................................... 19.7 20.0 20.2 20.5 20.6 22.0 18.9 18.1 14.6 12.5 3.0

 50 to 59 Years ................................... 19.2 19.9 21.5 21.9 20.2 19.9 19.6 18.5 13.6 11.7 3.4

 60 to 69 Years ................................... 18.7 20.6 20.4 20.4 20.4 20.1 18.6 18.3 13.0 10.4 4.3

 70 to 79 Years ................................... 18.5 Q 21.1 21.5 19.5 20.4 18.6 18.3 12.4 11.3 4.0

 80 Years and Over ............................ 17.7 Q Q Q 21.2 Q Q Q Q Q 6.6

 Don’t Know ........................................ 19.9 20.4 21.4 21.1 21.5 21.9 21.3 19.9 14.2 12.6 1.9

Sex of Primary Driver

 Female .............................................. 21.5 22.4 22.2 22.4 22.2 22.3 20.8 18.4 14.9 12.5 2.0

 Male .................................................. 18.5 18.9 20.6 20.8 19.6 20.9 18.7 18.5 13.1 11.7 2.0

 Don’t Know ........................................ 19.9 20.4 21.4 21.1 21.5 21.9 21.3 19.9 14.2 12.6 1.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5.5. U.S. Vehicle Fuel Efficiency by Model Year, 1994 (Continued)

 (Miles per Gallon)

1993 Household and

1994 Vehicle

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Model

Years

Model Year 

RSE

Row

Factor:

1994

to

1995 1993 1992

1989

to

1991

1986

to

1988

1983

to

1985

1980

to

1982

1977

to

1979

1976

or

Earlier

0.5 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.4

Average Number of Vehicles per

Household During the Year

 Part-Year Vehicle .............................. 21.1 Q Q Q Q 23.2 21.6 Q Q Q 6.1

 Only 1 ................................................ 20.7 20.8 23.0 21.6 22.3 22.5 21.4 19.8 14.1 12.7 2.5

 Between 1 and 2 ............................... 19.7 22.2 20.7 23.8 21.4 20.7 20.8 18.7 13.6 12.5 3.9

 Only 2 ................................................ 20.0 20.1 21.7 21.4 21.1 21.7 20.0 19.7 13.9 12.0 2.0

 Between 2 and 3 ............................... 19.1 20.6 19.2 21.7 19.9 21.0 19.8 18.7 13.3 12.1 3.7

 Only 3 ................................................ 18.9 20.3 20.7 20.6 20.1 20.7 19.9 18.7 13.8 11.8 2.8

 Between 3 and 4 ............................... 20.3 20.2 21.2 22.6 21.8 22.3 18.8 16.5 14.5 Q 5.2

 4 or More ........................................... 19.5 18.9 21.5 20.6 21.5 21.8 20.8 19.7 14.0 12.7 4.3

Vehicle Characteristics

Type of Vehicle

 Passenger Car .................................. 21.9 23.8 24.1 23.8 23.8 23.7 22.1 20.6 14.9 13.0 1.2

 Minivan .............................................. 19.7 20.1 20.0 19.0 19.6 19.7 19.6 Q Q Q 1.5

 Sport Utility ........................................ 16.3 16.8 17.4 17.0 17.0 16.5 16.1 Q Q 11.2 2.8

 Large Van .......................................... 13.8 Q Q Q 15.2 14.7 14.1 Q Q Q 4.0

 Pickup Truck ..................................... 16.3 16.7 17.2 17.8 17.4 18.7 17.8 17.3 12.8 11.3 2.2

 Other ................................................. 8.8 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 10.2

Engine Size (liters)

 2.49 or Less ...................................... 25.5 26.6 26.5 26.2 25.6 25.5 25.7 24.4 20.2 19.5 1.8

 2.50 to 3.49 ....................................... 20.8 21.4 21.1 21.1 21.2 20.8 20.2 19.6 16.1 Q 1.6

 3.50 to 4.49 ....................................... 18.8 19.1 19.2 18.9 19.5 20.2 18.5 17.4 15.9 14.1 1.5

 4.50 or Greater .................................. 14.6 16.2 16.4 16.6 15.8 16.4 16.0 15.1 12.9 11.4 1.7

Number of Cylinders

 4 ........................................................ 25.2 26.5 26.5 25.9 25.1 25.3 25.6 24.4 19.7 17.5 1.7

 6 ........................................................ 19.5 20.2 20.2 19.8 20.3 20.3 19.2 18.0 15.8 13.3 1.4

 8 ........................................................ 14.8 16.0 16.5 16.9 16.1 16.7 16.1 15.5 12.9 11.3 1.7

 Other ................................................. 25.9 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 12.8

Type of Transmission

 Automatic .......................................... 19.1 20.2 20.6 21.0 20.6 20.8 19.2 17.9 13.6 11.9 1.1

 Manual Shift ...................................... 22.0 21.8 24.9 23.2 22.9 24.3 23.7 22.6 15.0 13.1 2.7

Type of Drive

 Front-Wheel ...................................... 23.4 23.2 23.6 23.4 23.7 24.2 23.8 23.2 14.8 12.7 1.9

 Rear-Wheel ....................................... 17.4 18.3 20.2 19.3 19.2 19.9 18.4 18.1 14.0 12.3 1.7

 4-Wheel ............................................. 16.5 16.0 17.4 17.4 16.5 17.5 17.6 16.9 11.9 10.8 2.5

Type of Fuel System

 Carburetor ......................................... 18.3 21.4 21.0 20.8 20.8 21.7 19.7 19.2 13.8 12.1 1.9

 Fuel Injection ..................................... 21.3 20.8 21.7 21.6 21.2 21.7 22.0 18.7 14.4 Q 2.1

 Diesel Engine .................................... 17.6 Q Q Q Q Q 22.8 24.2 Q Q 8.7

Type of Fuel Purchased

 Motor Gasoline .................................. 19.8 21.0 21.6 21.4 21.1 21.7 20.3 19.2 13.9 12.2 1.2

 Unleaded ......................................... 19.9 21.0 21.6 21.5 21.1 21.7 20.3 19.2 13.9 12.3 1.2

 Regular Grade ............................... 20.0 21.1 21.7 21.6 21.3 22.3 20.4 19.5 13.9 12.3 1.4

 Intermediate Grade ....................... 20.3 23.2 21.0 21.9 20.7 21.2 20.1 18.7 14.4 13.3 3.2

 Premium Grade ............................. 19.3 19.5 21.5 20.8 20.8 20.2 20.1 17.7 13.7 11.6 2.4

 Leaded ............................................ 13.1 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 11.9 5.7

 Gasohol ............................................. 17.7 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 8.0

 Diesel Fuel ........................................ 17.8 Q Q Q Q Q 20.5 Q Q Q 13.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5.5. U.S. Vehicle Fuel Efficiency by Model Year, 1994 (Continued)

 (Miles per Gallon)

1993 Household and

1994 Vehicle

Characteristics

RSE Column Factor:

All

Model

Years

Model Year 

RSE

Row

Factor:

1994

to

1995 1993 1992

1989

to

1991

1986

to

1988

1983

to

1985

1980

to

1982

1977

to

1979

1976

or

Earlier

0.5 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.4

Type of Primary Service

 Full-Service Pumps ........................... 20.2 22.4 22.1 21.3 21.3 21.7 21.4 20.2 13.5 11.3 3.4

 Self or Mini-Service Pumps ............... 19.8 20.3 21.4 21.4 21.1 21.7 20.2 19.3 13.9 12.3 1.2

 Both Equally ...................................... 18.8 Q Q Q 19.6 19.9 20.7 Q Q Q 8.0

 Bulk Sales/Other ............................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

Vehicle Used for Commuting

to and from Work

 Yes .................................................... 20.2 20.7 21.9 21.7 21.4 21.9 20.6 19.2 14.0 12.1 1.4

 No ...................................................... 19.1 20.1 20.5 20.9 20.5 21.3 19.9 19.4 13.7 12.3 1.9

1 Below 150 percent of poverty line or 60 percent of median State income. 2 Approximately 0.5 percent of the vehicle stock was owned by households that had no drivers as of fall 1993.

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld either because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent or fewer than 10 households were sampled.

Notes: • "Households with Children" category includes members under age 18 years old unless the member is the householder or spouse. • To obtain the Relative

Standard Error (RSE) percentage for any table cell, multiply the corresponding column and row factors. • Because of rounding, data may not sum to totals. • Data in this

table are for households with vehicles for personal transportation. • See Glossary for definition of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-457 A of the 1993 Residential Energy Consumption Survey and Forms

EIA-876 A, B, C, and D of the 1994 Residential Transportation Energy Consumption Survey.