Table A47. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.5 0.5 1.3 0.8 0.8 1.7 0.9 1.0 3.1

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 4,178 449 1,692 1,464 93 624 870 42 6.7

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 2,247 198 1,002 812 18 165 396 28 10.5

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 883 121 387 287 11 145 190 Q 10.2

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 585 71 193 210 28 135 162 Q 9.6

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 255 30 72 84 15 91 62 Q 13.2

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 110 13 20 38 9 43 36 Q 12.6

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 64 10 14 21 6 28 16 Q 16.6

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 24 4 4 9 5 12 6 Q 18.9

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 9 2 1 4 1 4 3Q 33.9

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 295 36 78 67 20 91 77 Q 14.8

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 120 Q 28 40 Q Q 30 Q 26.6

 Food Service ................................... 260 249 Q 102 50 Q 34 100 Q 15.7

 Health Care ...................................... 63 61 11 27 7 2 9 14 Q 29.4

 Lodging ............................................ 154 150 22 33 72 9 36 20 Q 21.0

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 1,214 90 548 497 9 141 220 Q 10.8

 Office ............................................... 749 745 109 321 162 24 118 189 7 11.1

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 17 Q Q 12 QQQQ 47.0

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 257 35 108 93 10 43 46 Q 15.0

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 60 Q 26 19 Q 17 Q Q 31.6

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 364 37 188 125 Q 58 55 Q 18.0

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 445 38 168 235 Q 39 76 Q 14.7

 Other ................................................ 69 48 Q 13 23 4 11 13 Q 29.5

 Vacant .............................................. 319 154 23 45 62 2 20 21 Q 19.5

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 158 Q 74 61 4 53 Q Q 22.6

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 232 Q 104 65 10 70 20 Q 18.7

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 623 34 285 230 12 128 84 Q 13.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 760 44 358 258 22 127 137 Q 12.2

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 687 58 282 259 22 107 136 Q 12.0

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 850 112 324 305 9 79 219 13 11.3

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 761 155 244 249 11 48 228 8 12.5

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 107 23 21 36 Q 12 33 Q 29.4

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 694 41 290 218 23 260 86 12 12.7

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 1,047 28 592 376 23 188 121 11 13.3

 South ............................................... 1,963 1,687 280 557 626 27 111 440 15 12.2

 West ................................................. 870 750 99 252 245 20 65 223 Q 17.0

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 4,173 449 1,692 1,460 93 624 870 42 6.7

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 2,627 137 1,259 886 34 444 605 23 8.5

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 554 26 265 189 11 220 29 6 16.7

 District Heat ..................................... 95 95 8 Q 15 93 Q 2 Q 21.2

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 28 Q Q 3 24 Q Q Q 28.5

 Propane ........................................... 337 330 34 134 188 Q 35 36 Q 23.8

 Any Other ......................................... 163 161 Q 56 110 Q 21 Q Q 23.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 189
Table A47. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.5 0.5 1.3 0.8 0.8 1.7 0.9 1.0 3.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 4,178 449 1,692 1,464 93 624 870 42 6.7

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 3,439 443 1,391 1,081 80 509 855 36 7.0

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 3,502 3,436 404 1,433 1,097 80 600 771 40 6.9

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 715 79 259 180 18 178 216 18 10.3

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 121 117 16 47 64 5 21 23 Q 23.1

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................... 399 344 12 162 134 10 99 31 Q 23.4

 5,500-7,000 HDD ........................... 1,134 1,018 31 525 352 28 272 125 11 14.6

 4,000-5,499 HDD ........................... 1,077 959 127 459 331 27 156 97 Q 21.9

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 1,101 955 148 294 345 13 61 297 Q 22.1

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 1,095 903 131 251 302 15 36 319 Q 19.2

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 3,115 2,850 306 1,136 860 75 498 650 33 6.9

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 764 635 50 308 264 Q 76 93 Q 14.6

 Metal Panels .................................... 745 533 71 204 285 6 24 73 Q 17.4

 Concrete Panels .............................. 87 76 14 12 28 7 14 32 Q 21.5

 Window Glass .................................. 46 41 Q 9 14 1 8 13 Q 33.3

 Other ................................................ 47 42 Q 23 14 Q Q 9 Q 39.2

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 1,642 1,489 162 560 457 39 247 392 21 7.7

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 1,381 1,246 117 619 412 10 177 179 Q 11.3

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 1,037 763 103 296 381 10 37 125 Q 15.7

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 386 368 30 115 126 14 102 105 6 14.2

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 155 140 Q 46 35 13 29 28 Q 21.1

 Concrete .......................................... 37 22 Q Q 9 Q 4 5 Q 46.0

 Other ................................................ 167 150 14 54 43 Q 27 35 Q 26.2

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 4,193 3,597 392 1,507 1,295 74 473 701 39 7.3

 26 to 50 ............................................ 490 464 45 149 132 15 121 135 Q 11.3

 51 to 75 ............................................ 94 89 9 27 28 3 24 29 Q 25.4

 76 to 100 .......................................... 29 27 Q Q 10 1 7 5Q 33.9

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 2,154 199 912 846 22 211 305 Q 10.3

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 861 96 407 281 14 119 188 Q 10.5

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 540 59 210 158 21 95 169 Q 12.0

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 401 61 120 113 16 111 133 Q 11.2

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 128 17 30 41 10 43 46 Q 14.1

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 64 10 10 17 4 29 21 Q 15.7

 250 or More ..................................... 31 30 6 3 9 7 15 8 1 17.4

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 725 52 333 257 9 96 104 Q 14.5

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 1,186 150 474 401 34 165 240 Q 10.0

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 920 101 402 357 16 133 170 Q 9.7

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 603 54 226 201 9 103 158 Q 10.8

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 436 49 173 117 7 60 140 Q 13.9

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 307 44 84 130 19 67 58 Q 13.5

See footnotes at end of table.

190 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A47. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.5 0.5 1.3 0.8 0.8 1.7 0.9 1.0 3.1

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation ..................................... 735 714 79 259 180 18 176 217 18 10.3

 Computer Room .............................. 223 222 22 63 70 11 78 66 6 15.3

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ....................................... 236 229 28 75 77 17 58 64 Q 16.0

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .................... 203 194 22 66 76 6 58 51 Q 14.0

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 1,667 1,338 167 434 466 81 214 277 9 10.1

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 223 208 28 32 48 80 39 29 Q 19.6

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 1,444 1,130 139 403 418 1 175 248 9 11.9

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 3,139 2,840 282 1,258 998 12 410 593 34 8.2

Space-Heating Energy Source

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 1,513 1,513 444 403 668 16 116 407 19 9.6

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,405 2,405 98 1,218 819 5 419 535 22 9.3

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 479 479 17 251 151 3 199 13 Q 20.8

 District Heat ..................................... 94 94 8 Q 14 93 Q 2 Q 21.5

 Propane ........................................... 255 255 18 108 162 Q 16 Q Q 25.4

 Wood ............................................... 102 102 Q Q 81 QQQQ 29.6

 Any Other ......................................... 39 39 QQQQQQQ 69.4

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ......................................... 1,107 1,107 362 205 384 Q 33 331 18 10.9

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,276 2,276 60 1,162 753 2 393 507 19 10.1

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 394 394 10 209 114 Q 170 Q Q 21.0

 District Heat ..................................... 91 91 7 Q 14 91 Q 2 Q 22.1

 Propane ........................................... 217 217 Q 92 134 QQQQ 28.3

 Wood ............................................... 68 68 Q Q 53 QQQQ 36.9

 Any Other ......................................... Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q NF

Replacement Energy Source for

Primary Heating

 Electricity Only ................................. 350 350 Q 201 143 Q 17 67 Q 17.4

 Natural Gas Only ............................. 213 213 46 56 86 6 37 37 Q 20.3

 Fuel Oil Only .................................... 161 161 12 65 55 6 63 20 Q 20.5

 Propane Only ................................... 212 212 Q 107 85 Q 29 26 Q 23.1

 Any Other Single

 Energy Source ................................ 57 57 Q 33 29 QQQQ 27.2

 More than One

 Energy Source ................................ 93 93 Q 55 36 QQQQ 28.3

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 653 25 QQQQQQQ 25.9

 1 to 50 .............................................. 688 688 74 241 352 4 47 96 Q 14.2

 51 to 99 ............................................ 618 618 68 267 210 9 93 166 Q 12.6

 100 ................................................... 2,846 2,846 307 1,184 902 80 484 608 36 7.4

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 449 449 449 60 100 8 21 40 Q 16.0

 Furnaces .......................................... 1,692 1,692 60 1,692 428 Q 84 62 Q 9.9

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 1,464 100 428 1,464 14 128 158 12 10.4

 District Heat ..................................... 93 93 8 Q 14 93 Q 2 Q 21.5

 Boilers .............................................. 624 624 21 84 128 Q 624 44 4 10.7

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 870 870 40 62 158 2 44 870 Q 15.5

 Other ................................................ 42 42 Q Q 12 Q 4 Q 42 29.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 191
Table A47. Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.5 0.5 1.3 0.8 0.8 1.7 0.9 1.0 3.1

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ................. 473 473 10 56 96 47 426 23 Q 13.3

 Ducts for Heating ........................... 2,955 2,955 431 1,619 659 50 281 849 33 7.1

 Heating Only ................................ 577 577 Q 505 150 5 71 27 Q 15.9

 Heating and Cooling .................... 2,378 2,378 427 1,114 509 45 210 822 28 7.7

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used .............................. 210 210 19 74 42 13 50 83 5 14.4

 Fan Coil Units for Heating .............. 99 99 20 7 22 16 67 9 Q 19.2

 Heating Only ................................ 78 78 19 Q 19 11 52 8 Q 21.5

 Heating and Cooling .................... 21 21 Q Q 3 5 15 2 Q 31.3

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 1,464 100 428 1,464 14 128 158 12 10.4

 Other ................................................ 181 181 16 111 43 Q 48 36 Q 20.9

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 816 811 35 624 247 11 103 64 Q 15.3

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 454 453 427 66 98 8 27 40 Q 15.9

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 1,023 1,001 51 377 526 25 263 88 Q 10.9

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 28 Q Q 3 24 Q Q Q 28.5

 Central Chillers ................................ 142 141 11 15 34 14 100 24 3 16.8

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,459 1,426 57 474 338 24 182 780 16 9.7

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 179 172 Q 69 75 Q 19 38 Q 34.0

 Other ................................................ 8 8 QQQQQQQ 84.4

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 3,343 3,164 393 1,323 1,057 65 487 692 33 7.2

 Wall Insulation ................................. 2,320 2,206 304 946 744 39 269 484 29 8.6

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 1,680 1,642 195 776 513 37 354 278 14 9.2

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ................................ 1,068 1,018 152 415 272 22 144 316 13 10.0

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ...................................... 1,853 1,804 253 727 527 47 292 475 23 8.6

 Windows that Open ......................... 2,119 1,932 183 804 732 57 390 268 16 9.6

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 250 249 19 75 64 19 65 83 5 13.5

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 414 408 76 112 121 26 99 123 13 12.6

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 2,503 2,473 292 995 698 84 484 580 23 7.4

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 3,400 3,400 335 1,437 1,187 61 477 721 30 7.2

 Cooling ............................................. 2,872 2,821 328 1,191 881 59 388 712 27 7.4

 Hot Water ......................................... 578 557 64 199 154 13 127 131 Q 13.6

 Lighting ............................................ 4,089 3,768 392 1,575 1,289 73 546 795 36 7.0

 Other ................................................ 547 523 43 215 200 6 88 122 Q 17.1

NF = No applicable RSE row factor.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

192 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A48. Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.6 0.6 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.5 0.9 1.0 2.5

All Buildings ..................................... 67,876 61,996 8,269 16,909 22,380 5,225 20,664 16,000 903 6.8

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 7,327 6,210 542 2,780 2,291 56 511 1,116 74 10.8

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 7,199 6,533 899 2,816 2,153 73 1,100 1,415 Q 9.7

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 10,375 9,424 1,159 3,131 3,305 443 2,210 2,667 Q 9.3

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 10,069 9,132 1,119 2,559 2,942 516 3,351 2,168 Q 13.0

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 8,062 7,622 932 1,352 2,681 624 3,037 2,509 Q 12.2

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 9,678 8,730 1,433 1,860 2,793 777 3,879 2,126 Q 15.9

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 7,889 7,470 1,012 1,075 2,934 1,521 3,477 1,603 Q 18.6

 Over 500,000 ................................... 7,278 6,876 1,172 1,337 3,281 1,215 3,098 2,396 Q 30.3

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 8,470 8,379 609 973 1,922 641 5,430 1,725 Q 15.1

 Food Sales ....................................... 757 723 Q 228 305 Q Q 231 Q 27.0

 Food Service ................................... 1,491 1,435 Q 539 260 Q 343 507 Q 17.6

 Health Care ...................................... 1,763 1,746 362 129 360 403 1,034 395 Q 19.1

 Lodging ............................................ 2,891 2,870 696 409 1,068 580 912 733 Q 22.8

 Mercantile and Service .................... 12,402 11,835 1,501 4,948 4,860 148 2,105 4,219 Q 16.2

 Office ............................................... 12,319 12,255 1,937 2,490 3,582 1,706 4,393 2,979 267 11.0

 Parking Garage ................................ 1,652 1,165 Q Q 718 QQQQ 51.1

 Public Assembly .............................. 4,556 4,470 516 910 1,197 348 2,076 702 Q 24.5

 Public Order and Safety ................... 820 820 Q 252 249 Q 398 Q Q 41.0

 Religious Worship ............................ 3,747 3,737 368 1,909 1,184 Q 1,294 536 Q 21.0

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 11,484 8,800 1,633 2,953 4,878 Q 1,624 3,001 Q 17.1

 Other ................................................ 1,130 1,025 Q 254 453 326 321 381 Q 28.0

 Vacant .............................................. 4,396 2,738 248 754 1,344 393 451 450 Q 28.3

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 1,721 1,637 Q 511 530 91 852 Q Q 22.1

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 3,608 3,329 Q 1,043 1,286 255 1,644 536 Q 27.0

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 8,712 7,717 619 2,659 2,345 1,125 2,541 1,271 Q 19.6

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 10,421 9,371 1,013 3,131 3,173 545 3,926 1,740 Q 14.6

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 12,612 11,548 1,055 3,367 3,862 1,363 4,027 3,226 Q 16.0

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 14,014 12,814 1,783 2,982 5,434 972 3,734 3,911 231 10.9

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 14,287 13,276 2,962 2,894 4,983 673 3,396 4,306 309 14.6

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 2,502 2,303 534 323 768 202 544 893 Q 20.5

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 13,400 12,858 1,328 3,268 4,907 1,553 6,192 2,890 180 14.4

 Midwest ............................................ 17,280 16,303 1,324 5,579 6,187 1,869 6,478 3,033 205 12.4

 South ............................................... 24,577 21,659 3,632 4,971 7,642 927 5,404 6,440 309 11.1

 West ................................................. 12,619 11,176 1,985 3,092 3,643 875 2,590 3,637 Q 13.4

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 66,549 61,971 8,269 16,909 22,369 5,225 20,664 16,000 903 6.8

 Natural Gas ...................................... 45,097 44,624 4,675 14,343 16,295 2,721 17,039 12,908 678 8.0

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 13,218 12,933 1,579 2,239 4,695 1,241 7,856 1,974 359 10.9

 District Heat ..................................... 5,339 5,324 450 Q 1,192 5,225 Q 279 Q 16.9

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 2,063 Q Q 650 1,702 Q Q Q 25.7

 Propane ........................................... 3,393 3,340 707 826 1,584 Q 1,067 855 Q 19.6

 Any Other ......................................... 1,551 1,522 Q 480 655 Q 459 Q Q 30.8

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 193
Table A48. Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.6 0.6 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.5 0.9 1.0 2.5

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 61,996 61,996 8,269 16,909 22,380 5,225 20,664 16,000 903 6.8

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 57,041 56,073 8,207 15,209 19,667 4,708 19,086 15,870 845 7.2

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 58,479 57,708 7,995 15,734 20,270 5,081 20,447 15,348 894 7.0

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 23,065 22,736 2,871 4,459 7,233 2,198 11,342 6,349 513 11.1

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 3,174 3,121 620 826 1,804 412 1,131 1,059 Q 25.4

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................... 5,623 5,218 437 1,920 1,736 513 2,118 609 Q 22.6

 5,500-7,000 HDD ........................... 18,024 17,196 1,282 5,075 6,624 1,900 7,706 3,756 277 13.8

 4,000-5,499 HDD ........................... 16,162 14,966 2,459 4,763 5,781 1,692 5,136 2,987 Q 16.5

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 15,251 13,537 2,501 3,217 4,508 560 3,341 4,836 Q 18.9

 More than 2,000 CDD and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 12,816 11,079 1,590 1,935 3,730 560 2,363 3,812 Q 18.7

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 48,585 45,520 5,863 11,739 14,669 3,669 16,840 11,586 598 7.7

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 3,873 3,303 413 1,460 1,485 Q 725 546 Q 14.5

 Metal Panels .................................... 7,392 5,682 1,182 2,246 3,203 331 740 1,149 Q 19.1

 Concrete Panels .............................. 4,961 4,663 575 1,063 1,942 699 1,379 2,009 Q 25.3

 Window Glass .................................. 2,028 1,839 202 183 788 Q 695 395 Q 27.7

 Other ................................................ 1,037 988 Q 218 292 Q 287 Q Q 37.7

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 30,257 28,271 3,873 6,443 9,232 2,346 10,393 8,536 441 9.9

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 10,570 9,764 1,068 4,091 3,083 459 2,570 1,586 Q 13.6

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 9,019 7,121 1,231 2,786 3,518 306 751 1,476 Q 15.8

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 11,702 11,541 1,385 2,476 4,653 1,470 5,013 3,518 291 14.5

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 1,998 1,863 Q 539 513 400 633 284 Q 25.0

 Concrete .......................................... 2,544 1,741 Q Q 845 Q 688 160 Q 44.3

 Other ................................................ 1,786 1,695 437 414 535 Q 616 439 Q 27.6

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 51,356 45,868 5,874 13,831 16,789 3,044 13,633 11,684 597 7.4

 26 to 50 ............................................ 11,815 11,493 2,022 2,576 3,710 1,349 4,994 3,346 Q 14.7

 51 to 75 ............................................ 3,206 3,185 293 364 1,340 473 1,498 768 Q 19.2

 76 to 100 .......................................... 1,499 1,450 80 Q 540 Q 539 201 Q 29.7

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 17,944 13,604 1,219 4,981 5,455 396 2,755 1,694 Q 16.7

 5 to 9 ................................................ 7,524 7,075 812 2,917 2,569 314 1,516 1,372 Q 11.6

 10 to 19 ............................................ 8,077 7,528 938 2,488 2,655 487 1,831 1,992 Q 13.5

 20 to 49 ............................................ 10,556 10,440 1,408 2,590 3,314 500 3,784 3,380 Q 11.4

 50 to 99 ............................................ 7,763 7,652 1,161 2,133 2,638 785 2,882 2,406 Q 17.1

 100 to 249 ........................................ 7,378 7,323 1,327 800 2,610 674 3,911 2,689 Q 19.9

 250 or More ..................................... 8,633 8,374 1,404 1,001 3,138 2,070 3,984 2,466 186 17.7

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 8,246 6,000 353 2,241 2,076 332 1,829 784 Q 18.5

 40 to 48 ............................................ 14,998 13,745 1,904 3,794 4,460 792 4,262 3,548 Q 10.2

 49 to 60 ............................................ 14,046 13,251 1,852 4,053 5,593 1,051 4,104 3,166 Q 11.1

 61 to 84 ............................................ 12,062 11,529 1,683 3,019 4,165 695 3,636 3,832 Q 14.4

 85 to 167 .......................................... 8,467 8,141 900 2,682 2,717 504 2,639 2,932 Q 18.3

 Open Continuously .......................... 10,057 9,329 1,578 1,121 3,368 1,850 4,194 1,737 Q 17.1

See footnotes at end of table.

194 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A48. Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.6 0.6 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.5 0.9 1.0 2.5

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation ..................................... 22,166 21,833 2,871 4,459 7,233 2,198 10,439 6,349 513 10.3

 Computer Room .............................. 14,199 14,170 2,290 2,291 5,158 2,070 6,599 4,384 418 12.7

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ....................................... 8,042 7,995 1,054 1,261 2,902 1,592 3,915 1,773 Q 13.7

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .................... 6,862 6,829 1,470 1,300 2,580 783 3,490 2,137 Q 14.8

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 31,564 28,365 3,949 5,908 10,324 4,403 9,877 7,405 364 11.5

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 8,395 8,088 744 1,166 2,547 4,150 2,306 1,219 Q 21.6

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 23,170 20,277 3,205 4,743 7,777 253 7,571 6,187 362 13.2

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 36,312 33,631 4,320 11,001 12,056 822 10,787 8,594 538 7.2

Space-Heating Energy Source

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 25,636 25,636 8,243 6,018 12,980 970 6,583 8,375 491 11.2

 Natural Gas ...................................... 38,524 38,524 3,651 13,797 13,980 553 15,967 11,524 549 8.9

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 7,334 7,334 602 1,746 2,099 413 5,260 627 Q 16.6

 District Heat ..................................... 5,242 5,242 443 Q 1,139 5,225 Q 279 Q 17.1

 Propane ........................................... 1,568 1,568 242 534 984 Q 219 Q Q 24.8

 Wood ............................................... 504 504 Q Q 380 QQQQ 23.8

 Any Other ......................................... 661 661 QQQQQQQ 70.4

Primary Space-Heating Energy

Source

 Electricity ......................................... 15,502 15,502 4,723 2,201 6,528 Q 2,371 4,591 363 12.6

 Natural Gas ...................................... 35,161 35,161 2,541 12,649 12,523 Q 14,727 10,609 474 9.2

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 4,415 4,415 275 1,292 1,266 Q 3,131 Q Q 19.5

 District Heat ..................................... 5,014 5,014 376 Q 1,074 4,996 Q 271 Q 18.1

 Propane ........................................... 1,101 1,101 Q 406 679 QQQQ 27.6

 Wood ............................................... 257 257 Q Q 188 QQQQ 29.8

 Any Other ......................................... 546 546 QQQQQQQ 80.5

Replacement Energy Source for

Primary Heating

 Electricity Only ................................. 2,559 2,559 Q 1,250 934 Q 398 605 Q 18.0

 Natural Gas Only ............................. 2,260 2,260 542 539 761 Q 754 250 Q 25.3

 Fuel Oil Only .................................... 5,451 5,451 589 922 1,995 546 3,844 799 Q 23.0

 Propane Only ................................... 2,174 2,174 Q 921 736 Q 439 598 Q 20.2

 Any Other Single

 Energy Source ................................ 477 477 Q 136 127 QQQQ 43.0

 More than One

 Energy Source ................................ 895 895 Q 338 344 QQQQ 29.5

Percent of Floorspace Heated

 Not Heated ....................................... 6,211 330 QQQQQQQ 33.6

 1 to 50 .............................................. 11,195 11,195 1,611 4,139 5,663 385 1,366 2,623 Q 18.8

 51 to 99 ............................................ 10,211 10,211 1,908 2,671 3,667 815 3,551 3,519 Q 13.8

 100 ................................................... 40,260 40,260 4,750 10,099 13,049 4,024 15,747 9,857 625 7.7

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,269 8,269 8,269 1,493 2,717 443 2,267 1,908 Q 15.2

 Furnaces .......................................... 16,909 16,909 1,493 16,909 6,657 Q 1,831 2,642 Q 11.4

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 22,380 22,380 2,717 6,657 22,380 1,139 5,131 5,318 354 10.4

 District Heat ..................................... 5,225 5,225 443 Q 1,139 5,225 Q 279 Q 17.1

 Boilers .............................................. 20,664 20,664 2,267 1,831 5,131 Q 20,664 2,870 284 11.9

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 16,000 16,000 1,908 2,642 5,318 279 2,870 16,000 Q 13.7

 Other ................................................ 903 903 Q Q 354 Q 284 Q 903 25.4

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 195
Table A48. Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Heated

Buildings

Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Heat

Pumps Furnaces

Individual

Space

Heaters

District

Heat Boilers

Packaged

Heating

Units Other

0.6 0.6 1.2 0.9 0.8 1.5 0.9 1.0 2.5

Heating Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Radiators or Baseboards ................. 13,263 13,263 997 1,038 3,437 2,695 10,602 1,480 Q 13.4

 Ducts for Heating ........................... 45,422 45,422 7,892 16,427 13,853 3,141 13,713 15,774 737 7.6

 Heating Only ................................ 5,950 5,950 Q 3,651 1,958 207 2,202 Q Q 21.0

 Heating and Cooling .................... 39,472 39,472 7,774 12,776 11,895 2,935 11,511 14,932 661 7.6

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used .............................. 11,528 11,528 1,551 2,489 3,634 1,721 5,627 3,650 253 17.7

 Fan Coil Units for Heating .............. 5,474 5,474 1,364 395 1,398 1,444 3,770 1,041 Q 20.2

 Heating Only ................................ 3,569 3,569 1,179 Q 959 693 2,606 739 Q 24.8

 Heating and Cooling .................... 1,906 1,906 Q Q 439 751 1,164 302 Q 24.0

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 22,380 22,380 2,717 6,657 22,380 1,139 5,131 5,318 354 10.4

 Other ................................................ 3,310 3,310 791 1,431 1,185 245 1,716 954 Q 22.9

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 9,021 8,968 750 5,712 3,549 661 2,512 1,258 Q 13.0

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,406 8,383 7,638 1,534 2,679 414 2,467 1,944 Q 14.9

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 17,979 17,806 2,110 5,214 8,131 1,497 8,503 3,614 Q 14.5

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 2,063 Q Q 650 1,702 Q Q Q 25.7

 Central Chillers ................................ 12,991 12,606 1,395 775 3,476 1,814 8,931 1,929 387 14.7

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 27,830 27,411 2,562 7,004 9,886 1,745 7,936 13,810 385 8.9

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 2,085 2,036 374 507 815 Q 516 574 Q 29.5

 Other ................................................ 268 268 QQQQQQQ 67.3

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 50,311 48,409 7,215 13,130 17,426 3,953 17,060 12,791 827 7.2

 Wall Insulation ................................. 33,240 32,180 5,335 9,371 11,509 2,226 10,460 8,601 547 8.1

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 29,684 29,441 4,100 8,620 9,846 2,303 11,905 6,681 470 9.4

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ................................ 25,396 24,816 4,330 5,466 8,405 2,382 9,406 7,985 454 12.1

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ...................................... 34,071 33,454 5,078 8,168 11,182 2,931 12,568 9,793 675 8.4

 Windows that Open ......................... 28,937 27,381 3,310 7,507 9,247 2,724 11,218 5,341 397 9.9

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 13,970 13,969 1,594 2,503 5,083 2,115 6,575 3,651 331 16.2

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 18,313 18,231 2,637 3,395 7,069 2,285 8,524 5,409 537 12.0

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 49,173 48,460 6,442 11,789 15,970 4,984 18,475 12,488 825 7.4

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 46,248 46,248 5,587 14,148 16,889 2,830 14,367 12,862 564 7.2

 Cooling ............................................. 42,768 42,090 5,605 12,673 15,017 2,663 13,369 12,835 542 7.7

 Hot Water ......................................... 9,966 9,854 1,275 1,850 2,635 586 4,512 2,623 Q 11.9

 Lighting ............................................ 54,944 51,638 6,607 15,547 18,578 3,146 16,319 14,078 647 6.6

 Other ................................................ 7,996 7,839 754 2,412 3,427 474 2,301 2,221 Q 19.8

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

196 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A49. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.8 1.0 0.6 2.0 3.9

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 3,502 816 454 1,023 28 142 1,459 179 8 9.2

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 1,792 470 202 536 Q Q 625 110 Q 12.4

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 758 173 120 198 Q 20 347 33 Q 12.4

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 519 107 71 155 8 21 264 21 Q 14.3

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 236 44 31 73 9 29 119 8 Q 17.4

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 103 12 15 34 Q 24 58 Q Q 16.2

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 59 7 11 16 2 20 30 Q Q 17.8

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 24 3 3 7 2 9 12 Q Q 20.9

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 9 1 2 5 1 5 4 Q Q 41.0

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 251 42 34 72 9 29 106 19 Q 18.4

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 119 Q Q 26 Q Q 50 Q Q 32.6

 Food Service ................................... 260 244 36 Q 46 Q Q 160 24 Q 20.2

 Health Care ...................................... 63 59 11 13 13 Q 6 27 Q Q 33.2

 Lodging ............................................ 154 120 16 22 72 Q 7 28 Q Q 26.6

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 942 227 93 338 Q 13 360 60 Q 13.1

 Office ............................................... 749 731 223 108 126 8 43 331 12 Q 13.7

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 12 Q Q 8 Q Q 1 Q Q 64.6

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 208 39 34 76 Q 17 80 Q Q 19.0

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 47 Q Q 19 Q 5 17 Q Q 41.2

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 286 79 38 68 Q 6 121 Q Q 24.6

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 324 74 39 116 Q 3 120 Q Q 19.6

 Other ................................................ 69 44 Q Q 11 Q 3 25 Q Q 37.0

 Vacant .............................................. 319 114 30 22 32 Q 4 33 Q Q 27.3

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 119 34 Q 65 Q Q 41 Q Q 29.3

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 169 64 13 78 Q 5 41 Q Q 25.6

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 491 105 29 203 Q 12 186 28 Q 17.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 643 156 43 217 7 27 256 42 Q 16.2

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 563 135 62 172 5 36 241 40 Q 15.3

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 741 162 116 166 5 27 348 24 Q 14.6

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 682 144 157 110 Q 23 306 34 Q 15.2

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 93 17 25 12 Q 5 40 Q Q 39.2

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 521 97 43 269 2 28 208 Q Q 15.5

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 784 275 29 229 7 31 331 Q Q 17.9

 South ............................................... 1,963 1,569 363 285 433 10 58 610 39 Q 14.4

 West ................................................. 870 627 82 96 92 9 25 310 129 Q 19.1

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 3,502 816 454 1,023 28 142 1,459 179 8 9.1

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 2,263 609 140 641 15 109 1,051 134 Q 11.3

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 378 81 30 195 2 35 116 Q Q 17.8

 District Heat ..................................... 95 82 11 8 26 24 14 24 Q Q 26.0

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 28 Q Q 2 28 Q 3 Q Q 37.3

 Propane ........................................... 337 230 70 33 91 Q 4 63 Q Q 28.0

 Any Other ......................................... 163 71 Q Q 42 Q Q 13 Q Q 36.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 197
Table A49. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.8 1.0 0.6 2.0 3.9

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 3,439 811 453 1,001 28 141 1,426 172 8 9.2

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 3,502 816 454 1,023 28 142 1,459 179 8 9.2

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 3,502 3,016 716 411 855 22 136 1,304 137 8 9.4

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 663 118 80 190 8 54 345 38 Q 14.1

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 121 92 24 14 31 Q 4 40 Q Q 30.8

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................... 399 229 54 12 93 Q 11 90 Q Q 29.9

 5,500-7,000 HDD ........................... 1,134 766 224 36 279 5 40 312 33 Q 18.8

 4,000-5,499 HDD ........................... 1,077 753 198 129 257 4 29 253 Q Q 27.1

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 1,101 838 139 149 166 10 38 398 71 Q 25.7

 More than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 1,095 915 203 128 228 9 25 405 60 Q 20.9

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 3,115 2,491 552 311 683 25 115 1,109 124 Q 9.5

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 764 473 136 50 185 Q 5 145 Q Q 18.8

 Metal Panels .................................... 745 394 107 71 132 Q 5 126 25 Q 21.2

 Concrete Panels .............................. 87 71 8 13 8 2 10 43 4 Q 26.1

 Window Glass .................................. 46 38 Q Q 9 Q 6 22 Q Q 34.8

 Other ................................................ 47 35 Q Q Q Q 2 14 Q Q 48.2

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 1,642 1,319 253 165 333 11 66 642 92 Q 10.2

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 1,381 1,025 309 117 341 Q 18 344 41 Q 13.7

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 1,037 576 154 103 180 Q 13 185 32 Q 17.8

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 386 318 53 32 92 6 30 174 9 Q 17.0

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 155 113 22 Q 33 Q 7 46 Q Q 28.2

 Concrete .......................................... 37 27 Q Q 5 Q Q 12 Q Q 66.6

 Other ................................................ 167 124 20 15 38 Q 5 57 Q Q 34.0

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 4,193 2,987 717 397 885 21 96 1,191 154 Q 9.7

 26 to 50 ............................................ 490 410 84 45 110 6 32 214 20 Q 14.9

 51 to 75 ............................................ 94 80 12 9 22 Q 8 46 Q Q 31.6

 76 to 100 .......................................... 29 25 Q Q Q Q 6 8 Q Q 40.6

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 1,623 380 202 574 Q 24 512 83 Q 13.8

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 781 208 92 194 Q 9 351 52 Q 13.5

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 502 130 61 121 10 15 263 22 Q 15.9

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 384 75 65 85 5 33 205 12 Q 14.7

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 118 14 16 32 3 24 77 Q Q 18.7

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 63 8 11 12 2 19 34 Q Q 18.8

 250 or More ..................................... 31 31 2 6 5 3 18 16 Q Q 19.6

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 513 139 50 156 Q 13 188 Q Q 19.8

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 1,007 268 151 286 8 42 381 55 Q 13.0

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 786 189 103 241 4 20 313 43 Q 13.1

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 528 104 57 151 4 30 259 15 Q 14.2

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 405 73 49 82 Q 15 216 37 Q 16.7

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 262 43 44 108 5 21 101 8 Q 17.5

See footnotes at end of table.

198 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A49. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.8 1.0 0.6 2.0 3.9

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation ..................................... 735 661 118 80 188 8 52 345 38 Q 14.1

 Computer Room .............................. 223 223 43 25 70 5 37 127 5 Q 17.9

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ....................................... 236 215 37 28 54 3 25 112 15 Q 19.3

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .................... 203 164 28 20 57 2 16 84 15 Q 18.8

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 1,667 1,090 215 164 300 27 71 434 61 Q 12.6

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 223 174 32 29 47 27 25 51 Q Q 23.2

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 1,444 916 184 135 253 Q 46 383 56 Q 13.8

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 3,139 2,412 601 290 723 Q 71 1,025 117 Q 9.5

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 3,404 3,404 783 449 1,015 11 137 1,419 178 7 9.9

 Natural Gas ...................................... 106 106 48 8 16 Q 8 52 Q Q 28.6

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 28 Q Q 2 28 Q 3 Q Q 37.3

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 1,304 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 14.1

 1 to 50 .............................................. 1,176 1,176 259 111 568 Q 20 346 57 Q 12.4

 51 to 99 ............................................ 658 658 168 79 191 6 46 317 31 Q 13.9

 100 ................................................... 1,668 1,668 389 263 265 20 76 796 91 Q 11.9

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 449 443 35 427 51 Q 11 57 Q Q 19.6

 Furnaces .......................................... 1,692 1,391 624 66 377 Q 15 474 69 Q 13.3

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 1,464 1,081 247 98 526 3 34 338 75 Q 12.7

 District Heat ..................................... 93 80 11 8 25 24 14 24 Q Q 26.3

 Boilers .............................................. 624 509 103 27 263 Q 100 182 19 Q 12.4

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 870 855 64 40 88 Q 24 780 38 Q 17.2

 Other ................................................ 42 36 Q Q Q Q 3 16 Q Q 50.7

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 816 816 816 30 142 Q 7 61 Q Q 17.8

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 454 454 30 454 48 Q 9 54 Q Q 20.8

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 1,023 1,023 142 48 1,023 2 35 158 17 Q 14.1

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 28 Q Q 2 28 Q 3 Q Q 37.3

 Central Chillers ................................ 142 142 7 9 35 Q 142 40 4 Q 20.3

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 1,459 1,459 61 54 158 3 40 1,459 38 Q 14.3

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 179 179 Q Q 17 Q 4 38 179 Q 35.3

 Other ................................................ 8 8 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 8 49.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 199
Table A49. Cooling Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.4 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.8 1.0 0.6 2.0 3.9

Cooling Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Ducts for Cooling ............................. 2,733 2,733 798 444 324 25 124 1,450 144 8 9.6

 Cooling Only .................................. 355 355 102 11 88 5 31 189 47 Q 18.8

 Heating and Cooling ...................... 2,378 2,378 696 433 236 21 93 1,261 98 Q 10.0

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used ................................ 221 221 43 20 26 12 38 139 5 Q 18.0

 Fan Coil Units for Cooling ................ 56 56 Q 2 16 5 36 14 15 Q 28.1

 Cooling Only .................................. 35 35 Q Q 12 Q 19 10 14 Q 40.5

 Heating and Cooling ...................... 21 21 Q Q 4 3 16 4 Q Q 33.3

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 1,023 1,023 142 48 1,023 2 35 158 17 Q 14.1

 Other ................................................ 111 111 32 27 22 Q 9 37 50 Q 29.8

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 3,343 2,727 664 399 719 23 118 1,165 128 Q 9.5

 Wall Insulation ................................. 2,320 1,908 487 310 455 11 77 805 80 Q 11.4

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 1,680 1,405 390 197 393 8 72 575 38 Q 12.3

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ................................ 1,068 977 237 150 164 12 60 491 62 Q 12.9

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ...................................... 1,853 1,705 431 254 424 17 94 751 91 Q 11.6

 Windows that Open ......................... 2,119 1,515 377 186 584 15 73 499 70 Q 12.4

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 250 235 47 20 35 12 39 140 5 Q 17.2

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 414 414 55 76 74 11 62 226 20 Q 16.6

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 2,503 2,176 490 294 559 28 127 992 104 Q 10.2

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 3,400 2,804 673 337 787 20 103 1,178 149 Q 9.8

 Cooling ............................................. 2,872 2,872 687 334 825 20 106 1,214 152 Q 9.7

 Hot Water ......................................... 578 445 86 63 123 4 28 187 23 Q 17.7

 Lighting ............................................ 4,089 3,168 757 397 899 23 118 1,331 167 8 9.5

 Other ................................................ 547 446 98 43 138 Q 16 195 27 Q 19.9

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

200 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A50. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.0 0.6 1.9 3.7

All Buildings ..................................... 67,876 57,041 9,021 8,406 17,979 2,066 12,991 27,830 2,085 268 9.0

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 7,327 4,994 1,313 549 1,516 Q Q 1,750 316 Q 12.6

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 7,199 5,601 1,268 902 1,470 Q 157 2,550 250 Q 12.1

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 10,375 8,364 1,716 1,152 2,370 115 357 4,319 331 Q 13.9

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 10,069 8,435 1,528 1,181 2,604 311 1,088 4,245 304 Q 17.4

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 8,062 7,185 810 1,032 2,390 Q 1,651 4,040 Q Q 15.5

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 9,678 8,072 913 1,511 2,167 252 2,752 4,172 Q Q 17.4

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 7,889 7,217 851 889 2,082 737 3,072 3,678 Q Q 21.0

 Over 500,000 ................................... 7,278 7,174 622 1,191 3,381 515 3,869 3,075 Q Q 33.3

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 8,470 7,389 900 618 3,182 253 2,243 3,067 185 Q 17.6

 Food Sales ....................................... 757 725 Q Q 148 Q Q 386 Q Q 32.8

 Food Service ................................... 1,491 1,449 160 Q 327 Q Q 994 66 Q 21.1

 Health Care ...................................... 1,763 1,747 163 407 652 227 1,141 938 Q Q 22.1

 Lodging ............................................ 2,891 2,493 325 668 1,310 Q 629 906 Q Q 29.6

 Mercantile and Service .................... 12,402 10,874 1,679 1,572 3,109 Q 1,188 5,676 605 Q 18.1

 Office ............................................... 12,319 12,198 1,999 1,924 1,855 659 4,345 6,506 402 Q 14.8

 Parking Garage ................................ 1,652 922 Q Q Q Q Q 256 Q Q 71.1

 Public Assembly .............................. 4,556 4,077 465 494 Q Q Q 1,533 Q Q 35.4

 Public Order and Safety ................... 820 741 Q Q 283 Q 306 352 Q Q 49.8

 Religious Worship ............................ 3,747 3,121 804 405 1,021 Q Q 1,460 Q Q 26.4

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 11,484 7,885 1,412 1,686 2,844 Q 421 3,888 410 Q 21.4

 Other ................................................ 1,130 1,040 Q Q 264 Q 216 619 Q Q 31.4

 Vacant .............................................. 4,396 2,382 487 274 877 Q 500 1,249 Q Q 38.4

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 1,721 1,307 232 Q 702 Q Q 643 Q Q 29.5

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 3,608 2,759 702 193 1,675 Q 242 1,272 Q Q 33.4

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 8,712 6,586 1,441 672 3,223 Q 847 2,905 186 Q 21.6

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 10,421 8,260 1,770 963 3,183 241 1,551 3,537 285 Q 17.8

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 12,612 10,601 1,528 1,170 3,603 376 3,032 5,411 510 Q 16.8

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 14,014 12,286 1,800 1,807 2,586 632 3,306 6,494 386 Q 15.2

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 14,287 12,985 1,357 2,921 2,900 243 3,228 6,338 549 Q 20.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 2,502 2,258 190 562 108 164 571 1,230 Q Q 26.0

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 13,400 11,158 1,508 1,286 5,806 302 2,519 5,879 Q Q 18.7

 Midwest ............................................ 17,280 14,383 2,968 1,416 4,723 684 3,163 6,564 Q Q 16.3

 South ............................................... 24,577 21,205 3,455 3,745 5,683 659 4,854 10,058 335 Q 15.0

 West ................................................. 12,619 10,296 1,091 1,959 1,767 421 2,456 5,329 1,546 Q 15.7

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 66,549 57,041 9,021 8,406 17,979 2,066 12,991 27,830 2,085 268 9.0

 Natural Gas ...................................... 45,097 41,423 7,449 4,872 13,165 1,109 9,868 22,082 1,404 211 10.0

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 13,218 12,081 1,487 1,643 4,010 588 5,753 6,004 326 Q 15.2

 District Heat ..................................... 5,339 4,786 661 456 1,557 1,737 1,821 1,805 Q Q 22.4

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 2,066 Q Q 225 2,066 Q 628 Q Q 31.8

 Propane ........................................... 3,393 2,837 713 710 979 Q 453 1,372 Q Q 26.0

 Any Other ......................................... 1,551 1,117 Q Q 602 Q Q 237 Q Q 49.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 201
Table A50. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.0 0.6 1.9 3.7

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 61,996 56,073 8,968 8,383 17,806 2,063 12,606 27,411 2,036 268 9.1

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 57,041 57,041 9,021 8,406 17,979 2,066 12,991 27,830 2,085 268 9.1

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 58,479 53,839 8,471 8,100 16,976 1,978 12,779 26,570 1,865 268 9.3

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 23,065 22,003 2,553 2,991 7,650 920 8,725 10,900 755 Q 14.0

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 3,174 2,870 601 689 1,268 Q 513 1,494 Q Q 30.4

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

 Fewer than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 More than 7,000 HDD .................... 5,623 4,267 804 487 1,572 Q 843 1,779 Q Q 29.2

 5,500-7,000 HDD ........................... 18,024 14,977 2,889 1,393 5,670 574 3,647 7,396 477 Q 18.3

 4,000-5,499 HDD ........................... 16,162 13,549 2,037 2,425 5,140 526 2,771 6,302 Q Q 20.0

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 15,251 12,870 1,492 2,565 2,446 437 3,180 6,966 532 Q 22.1

 More than 2,000 CDD

 and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .................. 12,816 11,379 1,798 1,536 3,151 467 2,550 5,386 753 Q 23.0

Predominant Exterior Wall Material

 Masonry ........................................... 48,585 42,084 6,291 6,068 14,229 1,630 9,400 21,081 1,323 Q 10.6

 Siding or Shingles ............................ 3,873 2,625 594 433 981 Q 170 1,095 Q Q 18.3

 Metal Panels .................................... 7,392 4,854 1,384 1,167 1,430 Q 234 1,862 289 Q 21.4

 Concrete Panels .............................. 4,961 4,563 453 550 956 221 1,579 2,328 350 Q 26.4

 Window Glass .................................. 2,028 1,978 Q 145 305 Q 1,259 897 Q Q 31.5

 Other ................................................ 1,037 938 Q Q Q Q 350 568 Q Q 47.7

Predominant Roof Material

 Built-Up ............................................ 30,257 26,404 3,631 3,998 8,114 969 6,838 14,295 1,342 Q 13.2

 Shingles (Not Wood) ........................ 10,570 8,606 2,080 1,087 2,990 Q 951 3,529 252 Q 16.8

 Metal Surfacing ................................ 9,019 6,077 1,623 1,157 1,594 Q 441 2,331 252 Q 18.5

 Synthetic or Rubber ......................... 11,702 10,893 1,045 1,397 3,175 626 3,687 5,666 185 Q 16.6

 Slate or Tile ...................................... 1,998 1,608 193 Q 743 Q 118 657 Q Q 30.4

 Concrete .......................................... 2,544 1,909 Q 78 830 Q 676 692 Q Q 47.0

 Other ................................................ 1,786 1,544 190 451 533 Q 280 660 Q Q 32.4

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ........................................ 51,356 41,691 6,884 5,929 12,874 1,317 7,610 20,356 1,737 Q 10.3

 26 to 50 ............................................ 11,815 10,873 1,669 2,132 4,006 503 3,184 5,193 255 Q 16.6

 51 to 75 ............................................ 3,206 3,031 409 291 925 Q 1,311 1,639 Q Q 23.3

 76 to 100 .......................................... 1,499 1,447 Q 53 Q Q 886 643 Q Q 35.9

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 17,944 10,719 2,114 1,272 4,095 Q Q 3,619 368 Q 19.1

 5 to 9 ................................................ 7,524 6,249 1,399 818 2,143 Q 182 2,612 239 Q 14.5

 10 to 19 ............................................ 8,077 6,954 1,546 898 2,301 193 355 3,389 296 Q 17.5

 20 to 49 ............................................ 10,556 9,990 1,596 1,454 2,807 191 1,320 5,525 374 Q 15.0

 50 to 99 ............................................ 7,763 7,313 861 1,140 2,678 327 1,730 4,500 Q Q 20.9

 100 to 249 ........................................ 7,378 7,195 594 1,405 1,950 192 2,688 3,770 Q Q 21.6

 250 or More ..................................... 8,633 8,621 910 1,420 2,004 868 5,397 4,414 Q Q 18.3

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 8,246 4,632 912 374 1,767 Q 374 2,088 Q Q 24.5

 40 to 48 ............................................ 14,998 12,558 2,481 1,916 3,649 312 2,013 5,989 494 Q 13.9

 49 to 60 ............................................ 14,046 12,218 2,250 1,757 3,303 357 2,143 5,784 582 Q 15.1

 61 to 84 ............................................ 12,062 11,158 1,329 1,810 2,838 178 3,212 5,879 287 Q 16.8

 85 to 167 .......................................... 8,467 7,742 1,002 945 2,054 278 1,358 4,224 297 Q 20.1

 Open Continuously .......................... 10,057 8,733 1,046 1,604 4,368 724 3,891 3,866 309 Q 21.9

See footnotes at end of table.

202 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A50. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.0 0.6 1.9 3.7

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation ..................................... 22,166 21,096 2,553 2,991 6,750 920 7,823 10,896 755 Q 12.1

 Computer Room .............................. 14,199 14,199 1,762 2,355 4,361 839 5,942 8,419 482 Q 15.4

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ....................................... 8,042 7,744 975 1,101 2,339 500 3,247 4,013 343 Q 17.2

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .................... 6,862 6,546 911 1,392 2,338 416 2,261 3,496 213 Q 18.7

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 31,564 26,158 3,469 3,926 8,488 1,784 7,722 11,757 1,057 Q 13.3

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 8,395 7,402 972 807 2,487 1,710 2,844 2,475 Q Q 20.4

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 23,170 18,756 2,497 3,119 6,001 Q 4,879 9,282 781 Q 15.6

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 36,312 30,883 5,551 4,480 9,492 Q 5,268 16,073 1,028 Q 8.9

Cooling Energy Sources (more

than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 54,628 54,628 8,761 8,388 17,734 842 12,500 26,928 2,063 255 9.6

 Natural Gas ...................................... 1,906 1,906 465 175 420 Q 783 1,047 Q Q 30.7

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 2,066 Q Q 225 2,066 Q 628 Q Q 31.8

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

 Not Cooled ....................................... 10,835 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 16.0

 1 to 50 .............................................. 21,715 21,715 4,166 3,024 10,452 Q 1,752 9,007 659 Q 14.1

 51 to 99 ............................................ 13,872 13,872 1,961 1,832 3,767 702 4,712 7,824 652 Q 13.6

 100 ................................................... 21,454 21,454 2,894 3,550 3,761 988 6,527 10,999 774 Q 14.4

Heating Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,269 8,207 750 7,638 2,110 Q 1,395 2,562 374 Q 18.3

 Furnaces .......................................... 16,909 15,209 5,712 1,534 5,214 Q 775 7,004 507 Q 13.6

 Individual Space Heaters ................. 22,380 19,667 3,549 2,679 8,131 650 3,476 9,886 815 Q 12.6

 District Heat ..................................... 5,225 4,708 661 414 1,497 1,702 1,814 1,745 Q Q 22.8

 Boilers .............................................. 20,664 19,086 2,512 2,467 8,503 Q 8,931 7,936 516 Q 14.5

 Packaged Heating Units .................. 16,000 15,870 1,258 1,944 3,614 Q 1,929 13,810 574 Q 15.0

 Other ................................................ 903 845 Q Q Q Q 387 385 Q Q 39.3

Cooling Equipment (more than one

may apply)

 Residential-Type Central

 Air Conditioners .............................. 9,021 9,021 9,021 748 2,756 Q 1,134 1,979 Q Q 15.4

 Heat Pumps ..................................... 8,406 8,406 748 8,406 2,078 Q 1,308 2,579 381 Q 17.8

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 17,979 17,979 2,756 2,078 17,979 225 3,468 5,856 333 Q 18.1

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 2,066 Q Q 225 2,066 Q 628 Q Q 31.8

 Central Chillers ................................ 12,991 12,991 1,134 1,308 3,468 Q 12,991 4,608 352 Q 20.3

 Packaged Air-Conditioning

 Units ................................................ 27,830 27,830 1,979 2,579 5,856 628 4,608 27,830 746 Q 12.3

 Swamp Coolers ............................... 2,085 2,085 Q 381 333 Q 352 746 2,085 Q 32.3

 Other ................................................ 268 268 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 268 40.7

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 203
Table A50. Cooling Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All

Cooled

Buildings

Cooling Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

ResidentialType

Central Air

Conditioners

Heat

Pumps

Individual

Air

Conditioners

District

Chilled

Water

Central

Chillers

Packaged

AirConditioning

Units

Swamp

Coolers Other

0.4 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.6 1.0 0.6 1.9 3.7

Cooling Distribution Equipment

(more than one may apply)

 Ducts for Cooling ............................. 47,755 47,755 8,883 8,263 10,414 1,785 11,840 27,614 1,862 267 9.7

 Cooling Only .................................. 8,283 8,283 1,363 378 2,364 389 2,855 5,213 349 Q 17.7

 Heating and Cooling ...................... 39,472 39,472 7,520 7,885 8,050 1,396 8,985 22,401 1,513 Q 10.4

 Variable Air-Volume

 System Used ................................ 12,430 12,430 1,581 1,606 2,799 904 6,640 6,568 283 Q 20.7

 Fan Coil Units for Cooling ................ 3,875 3,875 449 356 919 767 2,968 1,510 251 Q 25.8

 Cooling Only .................................. 1,969 1,969 Q Q 448 Q 1,529 810 208 Q 36.5

 Heating and Cooling ...................... 1,906 1,906 Q Q 471 459 1,439 700 Q Q 25.5

 Individual Air

 Conditioners .................................... 17,979 17,979 2,756 2,078 17,979 225 3,468 5,856 333 Q 18.1

 Other ................................................ 2,919 2,919 531 911 725 Q 1,237 1,688 536 Q 30.1

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one may

apply)

 Roof or Ceiling Insulation ................. 50,311 45,186 7,175 7,372 13,734 1,616 11,124 21,969 1,747 231 9.8

 Wall Insulation ................................. 33,240 30,278 5,004 5,354 7,885 994 7,938 14,852 1,133 Q 11.8

 Storm or Multiple Glazing ................ 29,684 27,331 4,497 4,133 8,563 808 7,663 13,555 650 Q 12.8

 Tinted, Reflective or

 Shading Glass ................................ 25,396 24,350 3,245 4,225 5,521 1,103 8,081 12,481 1,087 Q 14.7

 Exterior or Interior Shading

 or Awnings ...................................... 34,071 32,198 5,114 5,234 9,117 1,239 9,189 16,949 1,256 Q 11.5

 Windows that Open ......................... 28,937 23,966 4,487 3,471 10,572 1,042 4,967 10,421 644 Q 11.7

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Variable Air-Volume System ............ 13,970 13,727 1,623 1,606 3,768 916 6,914 6,603 283 Q 19.9

 Economizer Cycle ............................ 18,313 18,313 1,832 2,627 4,869 1,110 8,255 9,808 695 Q 15.9

 HVAC Maintenance ......................... 49,173 45,836 6,637 6,524 13,562 2,058 12,480 22,979 1,646 168 9.7

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 46,248 41,926 7,011 5,753 11,708 1,058 7,870 20,867 1,614 Q 8.9

 Cooling ............................................. 42,768 42,768 7,147 5,822 12,112 1,061 8,233 21,335 1,639 Q 8.8

 Hot Water ......................................... 9,966 8,831 1,126 1,330 2,306 326 2,525 4,190 253 Q 15.7

 Lighting ............................................ 54,944 47,342 7,900 6,732 13,493 1,149 8,883 23,440 1,758 237 8.7

 Other ................................................ 7,996 7,291 1,102 773 2,177 Q 1,575 3,983 Q Q 22.5

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

204 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A51. Refrigeration Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Refrigeration Equipment Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings Walk-in

Cases and Cabinets

Type

Any Open Closed Unspecified

0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.9 0.9 1.9

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 974 591 786 99 774 72 6.3

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 500 300 416 51 410 30 10.2

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 155 97 121 Q 121 18 12.2

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 139 75 106 15 103 15 11.4

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 79 46 59 Q 58 6 14.0

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 49 32 40 5 39 Q 12.3

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 30 22 24 5 24 Q 12.5

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 16 14 13 2 13 Q 15.3

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 7 6 6 1 6 Q 34.9

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 89 43 66 3 64 10 12.8

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 127 91 127 38 126 Q 16.9

 Food Service ................................. 260 246 209 213 Q 210 Q 10.6

 Health Care .................................... 63 10 5 9 Q 9 Q 29.1

 Lodging .......................................... 154 42 22 35 Q 35 Q 21.5

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 223 124 176 29 173 Q 11.5

 Office .............................................. 749 40 16 32 2 32 Q 17.2

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 Q Q Q Q Q Q 46.4

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 84 33 56 Q 55 Q 16.4

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 Q Q Q Q Q Q 36.6

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 28 Q 17 Q 17 Q 24.3

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 47 30 25 Q 25 Q 24.2

 Other .............................................. 69 7 5 6 Q 6 Q 40.6

 Vacant ............................................ 319 22 9 20 Q 20 Q 33.5

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 40 26 35 Q 35 Q 22.2

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 55 30 47 Q 47 Q 19.3

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 127 75 108 Q 107 Q 15.0

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 180 91 142 13 140 17 11.8

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 173 105 139 22 133 14 13.1

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 206 143 161 30 158 15 12.0

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 168 113 136 22 135 11 11.9

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 24 9 19 1 19 Q 31.2

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 176 109 150 16 149 12 11.9

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 256 164 212 21 211 12 12.9

 South .............................................. 1,963 358 207 276 41 268 38 11.7

 West ............................................... 870 183 111 148 21 146 9 16.7

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 970 591 783 99 771 72 6.3

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 683 417 551 69 544 53 7.8

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 112 64 91 7 90 7 16.9

 District Heat .................................... 95 20 13 15 Q 15 Q 23.9

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 9 6 7 Q 6 Q 40.5

 Propane .......................................... 337 93 59 73 Q 72 Q 22.1

 Any Other ....................................... 163 16 6 15 Q 15 Q 33.5

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 205
Table A51. Refrigeration Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Number of Buildings

(thousand)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Refrigeration Equipment Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings Walk-in

Cases and Cabinets

Type

Any Open Closed Unspecified

0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.9 0.9 1.9

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 926 566 752 95 740 70 6.2

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 862 544 699 96 687 67 6.5

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 918 569 744 97 732 66 6.6

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 591 422 498 63 489 32 7.2

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 14 8 12 Q 12 Q 35.1

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 414 219 342 32 337 32 11.1

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 198 133 158 21 156 Q 10.8

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 147 97 111 19 110 Q 12.7

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 119 74 99 14 96 8 12.0

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 47 29 38 4 37 Q 13.4

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 29 24 24 6 23 Q 12.9

 250 or More .................................... 31 19 14 16 3 16 Q 13.0

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 82 22 59 Q 59 Q 17.1

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 118 55 80 7 76 15 15.8

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 127 61 93 4 92 13 14.2

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 214 139 176 28 175 11 10.4

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 319 240 281 45 277 Q 10.4

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 113 75 97 13 95 Q 13.5

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ....... 735 591 422 497 63 488 32 7.1

 Computer Room ............................. 223 63 40 53 6 51 3 12.7

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ...... 236 90 60 79 16 76 Q 14.5

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ................................... 203 106 68 82 9 79 Q 14.5

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ........... 1,667 234 132 169 15 164 26 9.7

 with Central Physical Plant ........... 223 38 23 29 1 28 Q 21.3

 No Central Physical Plant ............ 1,444 196 110 140 14 135 22 11.4

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ........... 3,139 740 459 618 84 611 46 7.6

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

206 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A52. Refrigeration Equipment, Floorspace, 1992

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Refrigeration Equipment Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings Walk-in

Cases and Cabinets

Type

Any Open Closed Unspecified

0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.8 0.9 2.0

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 25,414 18,680 20,995 3,846 20,477 1,082 7.9

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 1,421 865 1,159 144 1,139 96 10.5

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 1,153 695 896 Q 896 135 12.3

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 2,246 1,245 1,717 268 1,662 239 10.8

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 2,925 1,683 2,177 Q 2,135 221 14.3

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 3,440 2,227 2,794 400 2,709 Q 12.1

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 4,141 3,137 3,355 682 3,302 Q 12.7

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 4,906 4,230 4,132 709 4,000 Q 15.6

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 5,181 4,599 4,765 1,360 4,633 Q 27.8

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 5,636 4,169 4,414 288 4,249 192 14.0

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 753 644 753 351 715 Q 18.2

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 1,446 1,335 1,325 Q 1,313 Q 13.2

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 1,333 1,191 1,179 Q 1,176 Q 16.9

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 1,754 1,332 1,568 Q 1,568 Q 22.1

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 4,721 3,710 4,286 2,179 4,209 Q 18.6

 Office .............................................. 12,319 3,637 2,517 2,983 529 2,903 Q 12.9

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 Q Q Q Q Q Q 52.3

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 2,574 Q 2,173 Q 2,155 Q 50.9

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 Q Q Q Q Q Q 45.7

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 620 Q 411 Q 411 Q 31.5

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 1,372 943 624 Q 624 Q 21.7

 Other .............................................. 1,130 369 211 329 Q 314 Q 35.0

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 828 424 Q Q 592 Q 45.9

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 471 297 407 Q 407 Q 20.7

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 1,373 662 1,222 Q 1,222 Q 30.9

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 2,600 1,741 2,245 Q 2,029 Q 17.2

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 3,252 2,061 2,565 266 2,524 242 12.4

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 5,346 4,015 4,280 1,060 4,166 239 17.1

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 5,627 4,707 4,507 787 4,471 170 13.2

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 5,738 4,441 4,889 1,006 4,807 206 19.1

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 1,006 755 879 221 852 Q 22.3

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 6,350 4,873 5,216 1,293 5,071 265 14.1

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 6,572 4,779 5,431 953 5,309 310 11.7

 South .............................................. 24,577 8,299 6,056 6,722 871 6,588 404 15.4

 West ............................................... 12,619 4,192 2,971 3,626 729 3,509 102 14.4

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 25,406 18,680 20,987 3,846 20,470 1,082 7.9

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 20,308 14,900 16,781 3,356 16,350 790 7.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 7,895 6,473 6,444 1,112 6,231 242 10.7

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 2,809 2,302 2,443 295 2,297 Q 18.6

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 1,143 985 1,073 Q 1,056 Q 29.9

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 1,655 1,366 1,360 Q 1,346 Q 21.5

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 421 294 386 Q 356 Q 36.0

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 207
Table A52. Refrigeration Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total Floorspace

(million square feet)

RSE

Row

Factor

All

Buildings

Refrigeration Equipment Used

(more than one may apply)

All

Buildings Walk-in

Cases and Cabinets

Type

Any Open Closed Unspecified

0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.8 0.9 2.0

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 24,956 18,328 20,606 3,607 20,089 1,074 8.0

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 24,152 18,129 20,101 3,806 19,602 979 8.3

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 25,090 18,523 20,802 3,836 20,284 1,053 8.1

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 20,594 16,061 17,880 3,420 17,550 549 10.0

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 790 464 643 Q 513 Q 27.0

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 17,944 3,090 Q 2,553 148 2,542 303 29.4

 5 to 9 .............................................. 7,524 1,719 928 1,254 168 1,232 Q 14.3

 10 to 19 .......................................... 8,077 2,214 1,237 1,717 156 1,699 Q 14.6

 20 to 49 .......................................... 10,556 3,701 2,383 2,943 402 2,835 156 13.1

 50 to 99 .......................................... 7,763 3,730 2,481 3,082 294 3,064 Q 14.9

 100 to 249 ...................................... 7,378 4,341 3,912 3,645 789 3,490 Q 16.5

 250 or More .................................... 8,633 6,618 5,600 5,801 1,890 5,615 Q 14.5

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 8,246 1,602 764 1,156 Q 1,156 Q 24.8

 40 to 48 .......................................... 14,998 3,484 2,213 2,611 268 2,477 267 13.0

 49 to 60 .......................................... 14,046 3,650 2,507 2,998 275 2,950 132 13.6

 61 to 84 .......................................... 12,062 5,575 3,974 4,707 1,325 4,607 158 13.6

 85 to 167 ........................................ 8,467 5,391 4,336 4,629 1,386 4,580 Q 16.7

 Open Continuously ......................... 10,057 5,713 4,887 4,894 559 4,708 Q 21.7

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ....... 22,166 19,699 15,165 16,981 3,420 16,651 549 8.4

 Computer Room ............................. 14,199 7,860 6,090 6,429 1,095 6,160 219 10.7

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ...... 8,042 4,855 3,868 4,199 670 3,937 Q 12.6

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ................................... 6,862 5,393 4,509 4,590 882 4,467 Q 13.9

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ........... 31,564 12,528 10,009 10,872 2,119 10,462 388 13.4

 with Central Physical Plant ........... 8,395 4,042 3,309 3,702 811 3,530 Q 19.3

 No Central Physical Plant ............ 23,170 8,486 6,700 7,171 1,309 6,932 310 16.1

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ........... 36,312 12,886 8,670 10,122 1,727 10,015 694 7.2

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

208 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A53. Water-Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

With

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Centralized System Distributed System

Total

with

SelfHeating

Storage

Tank

with

Tank

Heated by

SpaceHeating

Equipment Other Total

ResidentialType

Storage

System

Pointof-Use

Heaters Other

0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.8 1.6 0.8 0.8 2.0 2.1

All Buildings ..................................... 4,806 3,502 1,994 1,799 103 106 1,557 1,489 56 24 7.8

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 2,681 1,733 1,020 961 28 35 721 699 Q Q 12.4

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 975 787 453 400 36 Q 350 336 13 Q 10.0

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 647 539 285 255 13 19 264 254 9 Q 12.4

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 280 240 126 102 11 13 118 109 Q Q 13.2

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 116 108 61 48 5 9 53 49 Q Q 13.5

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 71 62 29 20 5 4 34 30 3 Q 16.5

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 26 25 16 9 3 4 10 8 2 1 18.6

 Over 500,000 ................................... 9 9 5 Q 1 1 6 4 Q (*) 29.7

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 301 230 140 122 8 13 95 88 Q Q 15.6

 Food Sales ....................................... 130 124 68 61 Q Q 56 55 Q Q 25.0

 Food Service ................................... 260 259 174 162 Q Q 90 89 Q Q 16.1

 Health Care ...................................... 63 62 28 25 2 2 36 33 Q Q 26.7

 Lodging ............................................ 154 152 90 76 5 12 67 61 Q Q 20.0

 Mercantile and Service .................... 1,272 923 517 465 32 23 414 399 14 Q 12.7

 Office ............................................... 749 705 390 348 29 14 325 312 14 4 13.3

 Parking Garage ................................ 24 13 8 6 Q Q 5 5 Q Q 57.5

 Public Assembly .............................. 278 235 153 143 5 7 86 80 Q Q 16.7

 Public Order and Safety ................... 60 58 37 27 Q Q 23 19 Q Q 33.7

 Religious Worship ............................ 366 265 145 136 Q Q 124 122 Q Q 17.7

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 761 311 162 157 Q Q 152 149 Q Q 14.7

 Other ................................................ 69 43 29 24 Q Q 14 12 Q Q 32.5

 Vacant .............................................. 319 121 54 49 Q Q 68 66 Q Q 20.9

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 169 126 86 77 Q Q 44 41 Q Q 22.7

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 255 202 125 110 Q Q 81 79 Q Q 20.2

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 724 507 295 253 20 23 220 216 Q Q 13.4

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 880 638 381 348 16 19 265 255 Q Q 12.7

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 783 580 316 282 15 22 267 261 4 3 14.9

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 982 721 401 368 20 15 327 306 17 4 13.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 884 649 342 318 10 15 322 303 19 4 13.9

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 128 79 47 43 Q Q 31 27 4 Q 27.3

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 771 625 448 364 55 34 183 169 13 3 15.0

 Midwest ............................................ 1,202 906 565 523 20 25 359 342 10 9 16.2

 South ............................................... 1,963 1,307 667 619 19 34 655 634 18 6 15.3

 West ................................................. 870 664 313 293 9 13 361 343 17 5 18.8

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 4,616 3,502 1,994 1,799 103 106 1,557 1,489 56 24 7.8

 Natural Gas ...................................... 2,665 2,333 1,325 1,205 57 68 1,046 998 41 19 9.2

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 559 435 300 231 48 28 142 131 11 3 16.6

 District Heat ..................................... 95 82 57 35 7 18 26 22 1 4 20.6

 District Chilled Water ....................... 28 22 17 12 Q 4 5 5 Q Q 32.5

 Propane ........................................... 337 244 146 130 Q Q 103 100 Q Q 26.0

 Any Other ......................................... 163 96 62 55 Q Q 39 38 Q Q 28.0

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 209
Table A53. Water-Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

With

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Centralized System Distributed System

Total

with

SelfHeating

Storage

Tank

with

Tank

Heated by

SpaceHeating

Equipment Other Total

ResidentialType

Storage

System

Pointof-Use

Heaters Other

0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.8 1.6 0.8 0.8 2.0 2.1

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 4,178 3,436 1,958 1,766 103 103 1,527 1,459 56 24 7.8

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 3,502 3,016 1,686 1,519 89 87 1,372 1,307 54 22 8.1

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 3,502 3,502 1,994 1,799 103 106 1,557 1,489 56 24 7.8

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 734 728 428 379 23 28 316 293 19 10 11.2

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 121 102 62 54 Q Q 43 40 Q Q 25.0

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 2,718 1,609 930 858 30 47 693 672 18 Q 12.4

 5 to 9 ................................................ 895 777 448 406 28 17 340 324 Q Q 11.6

 10 to 19 ............................................ 561 512 297 275 11 11 221 213 Q Q 13.6

 20 to 49 ............................................ 405 384 198 168 19 13 196 183 8 8 12.6

 50 to 99 ............................................ 130 126 71 58 5 10 61 56 4 Q 15.3

 100 to 249 ........................................ 64 62 31 22 4 5 34 30 4 Q 15.4

 250 or More ..................................... 31 31 19 13 4 3 12 10 2 1 16.4

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 1,039 507 316 294 Q Q 196 190 Q Q 13.6

 40 to 48 ............................................ 1,278 979 523 479 23 25 467 448 16 Q 11.6

 49 to 60 ............................................ 1,004 764 434 389 31 14 338 329 7 4 13.3

 61 to 84 ............................................ 645 518 287 267 14 11 237 225 12 2 13.6

 85 to 167 .......................................... 478 435 267 228 13 25 181 173 Q Q 14.3

 Open Continuously .......................... 362 300 168 141 10 20 140 124 11 8 14.7

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation ..................................... 735 729 428 379 23 28 316 295 17 10 11.0

 Computer Room .............................. 223 211 125 95 17 15 89 78 10 Q 16.4

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ....................................... 236 219 131 107 10 15 92 85 4 4 17.1

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .................... 203 202 124 100 5 21 86 76 9 4 15.3

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 1,667 1,070 583 504 39 46 504 470 21 17 10.8

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 223 175 108 80 11 22 70 58 6 8 18.3

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 1,444 895 475 424 28 25 433 411 15 9 12.8

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 3,139 2,432 1,411 1,295 64 59 1,054 1,019 35 7 9.4

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 1,696 1,696 891 851 17 30 822 792 28 7 11.8

 Natural Gas ...................................... 1,647 1,647 961 869 42 55 719 687 26 15 10.7

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 126 126 105 56 37 15 21 18 Q Q 29.1

 District Heat ..................................... 38 38 31 15 7 12 7 Q 1 3 24.0

 Propane ........................................... 80 80 52 48 Q Q 31 31 Q Q 41.2

See footnotes at end of table.

210 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A53. Water-Heating Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

With

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Centralized System Distributed System

Total

with

SelfHeating

Storage

Tank

with

Tank

Heated by

SpaceHeating

Equipment Other Total

ResidentialType

Storage

System

Pointof-Use

Heaters Other

0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.8 1.6 0.8 0.8 2.0 2.1

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System .......................... 1,994 1,994 1,994 1,799 103 106 50 39 10 Q 13.9

 Self-Heating Tank .......................... 1,799 1,799 1,799 1,799 7 Q 38 30 8 Q 18.3

 Heated by Space-Heating

 Equipment ..................................... 103 103 103 7 103 Q Q Q Q Q 23.7

 Other .............................................. 106 106 106 Q Q 106 9 Q Q Q 22.4

 Distributed System ........................... 1,557 1,557 50 38 Q 9 1,557 1,489 56 24 12.9

 Residential-Type Storage

 Tank .............................................. 1,489 1,489 39 30 Q Q 1,489 1,489 9 Q 15.0

 Point-of-Use Heaters ..................... 56 56 10 8 Q Q 56 9 56 Q 26.4

 Other .............................................. 24 24 Q Q Q Q 24 Q Q 24 16.4

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 3,400 2,745 1,550 1,405 84 69 1,233 1,188 42 12 8.7

 Cooling ............................................. 2,872 2,425 1,345 1,215 72 63 1,111 1,069 41 10 9.0

 Hot Water ......................................... 578 578 332 292 18 26 258 246 11 2 13.6

 Lighting ............................................ 4,089 3,125 1,788 1,623 92 82 1,379 1,327 45 16 8.3

 Other ................................................ 547 452 299 277 19 4 157 153 7 Q 19.0

(*) = Value rounds to zero in the units displayed.

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 211
Table A54. Water-Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

With

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Centralized System Distributed System

Total

with

SelfHeating

Storage

Tank

with

Tank

Heated by

SpaceHeating

Equipment Other Total

ResidentialType

Storage

System

Pointof-Use

Heaters Other

0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.7 1.3 0.8 0.8 2.3 2.0

All Buildings ..................................... 67,876 58,479 31,599 24,464 3,722 4,032 29,502 25,809 3,367 1,259 8.6

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 .................................. 7,327 4,928 2,918 2,755 78 99 2,033 1,964 Q Q 12.9

 5,001 to 10,000 ................................ 7,199 5,834 3,337 2,968 253 Q 2,618 2,511 99 Q 9.7

 10,001 to 25,000 .............................. 10,375 8,724 4,638 4,143 207 335 4,252 4,071 159 Q 12.3

 25,001 to 50,000 .............................. 10,069 8,637 4,566 3,688 430 457 4,256 3,928 Q Q 14.0

 50,001 to 100,000 ............................ 8,062 7,489 4,243 3,356 326 624 3,686 3,430 Q Q 13.8

 100,001 to 200,000 .......................... 9,678 8,492 3,968 2,778 715 634 4,681 4,076 430 Q 15.9

 200,001 to 500,000 .......................... 7,889 7,466 4,725 2,643 969 1,263 3,104 2,661 468 226 18.5

 Over 500,000 ................................... 7,278 6,910 3,204 Q 745 484 4,871 3,168 Q 337 27.8

Principal Building Activity

 Education ......................................... 8,470 8,036 5,536 3,970 929 846 2,764 2,596 Q Q 14.1

 Food Sales ....................................... 757 739 413 357 Q Q 326 319 Q Q 27.3

 Food Service ................................... 1,491 1,490 983 811 Q Q 545 507 Q Q 20.2

 Health Care ...................................... 1,763 1,760 1,235 664 273 331 596 402 Q Q 22.6

 Lodging ............................................ 2,891 2,869 2,032 1,332 194 553 957 678 Q Q 21.9

 Mercantile and Service .................... 12,402 10,809 4,630 4,042 298 315 6,351 5,555 909 Q 16.5

 Office ............................................... 12,319 12,030 6,717 4,626 1,066 1,069 5,880 5,189 629 332 12.2

 Parking Garage ................................ 1,652 933 361 348 Q Q Q Q Q Q 57.8

 Public Assembly .............................. 4,556 4,346 3,056 2,677 243 255 2,404 1,370 Q Q 38.9

 Public Order and Safety ................... 820 804 626 342 Q Q 208 124 Q Q 40.4

 Religious Worship ............................ 3,747 3,384 1,790 1,518 Q Q 1,635 1,615 Q Q 21.2

 Warehouse and Storage .................. 11,484 7,887 2,753 2,569 Q Q 5,249 5,121 Q Q 17.2

 Other ................................................ 1,130 1,001 497 381 Q Q 515 493 Q Q 28.2

 Vacant .............................................. 4,396 2,391 971 828 Q Q 1,491 1,287 Q Q 33.9

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ................................. 1,721 1,457 967 745 Q Q 620 593 Q Q 25.9

 1900 to 1919 .................................... 3,608 3,126 1,880 1,463 Q Q 1,313 1,245 Q Q 29.5

 1920 to 1945 .................................... 8,712 7,004 4,074 3,088 396 661 3,078 2,949 Q Q 18.0

 1946 to 1959 .................................... 10,421 8,784 5,153 4,057 502 614 3,874 3,686 Q Q 14.4

 1960 to 1969 .................................... 12,612 11,006 5,523 3,855 1,136 667 5,627 4,867 Q 179 14.6

 1970 to 1979 .................................... 14,014 12,369 6,893 5,243 760 1,064 6,046 5,350 594 277 13.1

 1980 to 1989 .................................... 14,287 12,565 6,014 5,160 427 594 7,833 6,172 Q 362 19.3

 1990 to 1992 .................................... 2,502 2,167 1,095 853 Q 103 1,110 947 227 Q 21.7

Census Region

 Northeast ......................................... 13,400 12,410 7,854 5,376 1,478 1,217 4,792 3,825 1,043 311 13.7

 Midwest ............................................ 17,280 15,460 9,002 6,922 995 1,196 7,009 6,369 271 440 14.5

 South ............................................... 24,577 19,592 9,298 7,966 663 825 11,836 10,315 Q 299 16.0

 West ................................................. 12,619 11,017 5,445 4,200 587 793 5,866 5,299 510 209 14.6

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 66,549 58,479 31,599 24,464 3,722 4,032 29,502 25,809 3,367 1,259 8.7

 Natural Gas ...................................... 45,097 43,151 22,563 17,504 2,658 2,928 22,057 19,793 2,105 1,001 8.5

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 13,218 12,605 8,217 5,091 1,858 1,659 5,066 4,242 836 520 12.0

 District Heat ..................................... 5,339 5,177 3,840 1,555 864 1,457 1,492 1,043 283 439 19.3

 District Chilled Water ....................... 2,066 1,978 1,654 911 210 546 364 264 Q Q 28.9

 Propane ........................................... 3,393 2,961 1,767 1,424 352 Q 1,352 1,244 Q Q 22.2

 Any Other ......................................... 1,551 1,287 735 568 Q Q 643 601 Q Q 37.5

See footnotes at end of table.

212 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A54. Water-Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

With

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Centralized System Distributed System

Total

with

SelfHeating

Storage

Tank

with

Tank

Heated by

SpaceHeating

Equipment Other Total

ResidentialType

Storage

System

Pointof-Use

Heaters Other

0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.7 1.3 0.8 0.8 2.3 2.0

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings .............................. 61,996 57,708 31,163 24,052 3,722 4,007 29,166 25,478 3,364 1,259 8.7

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ................ 57,041 53,839 28,896 22,235 3,586 3,649 27,509 23,914 3,332 1,198 9.0

 Buildings with Water

 Heating ........................................... 58,479 58,479 31,599 24,464 3,722 4,032 29,502 25,809 3,367 1,259 8.7

 Buildings with Cooking ..................... 23,065 22,993 13,455 9,266 2,165 2,412 11,484 8,740 2,504 802 13.1

 Buildings with

 Manufacturing ................................. 3,174 2,976 1,250 1,000 Q Q 1,829 1,699 Q Q 23.2

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ...................................... 17,944 11,207 6,452 5,923 239 320 5,740 4,678 Q Q 20.5

 5 to 9 ................................................ 7,524 6,432 3,656 3,111 298 275 2,890 2,780 Q Q 13.8

 10 to 19 ............................................ 8,077 7,089 3,982 3,626 148 208 3,182 3,070 Q Q 14.9

 20 to 49 ............................................ 10,556 10,215 4,868 3,821 517 574 5,571 5,154 286 232 13.5

 50 to 99 ............................................ 7,763 7,644 3,922 2,843 535 705 4,101 3,726 299 Q 16.8

 100 to 249 ........................................ 7,378 7,278 3,725 2,403 727 761 3,869 3,374 449 Q 18.7

 250 or More ..................................... 8,633 8,613 4,995 2,737 1,259 1,189 4,148 3,027 1,145 512 15.7

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer ...................................... 8,246 5,005 2,981 2,537 Q Q 2,117 2,031 Q Q 17.3

 40 to 48 ............................................ 14,998 12,613 6,552 5,425 646 543 6,489 6,081 422 Q 12.6

 49 to 60 ............................................ 14,046 12,405 6,404 5,035 584 833 6,263 5,964 293 146 12.1

 61 to 84 ............................................ 12,062 11,308 5,310 4,286 648 487 6,277 5,765 560 165 14.8

 85 to 167 .......................................... 8,467 8,020 4,154 2,994 504 657 4,095 3,275 Q Q 17.3

 Open Continuously .......................... 10,057 9,128 6,199 4,186 1,144 1,244 4,261 2,693 Q 492 21.6

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food

 Preparation ..................................... 22,166 22,095 12,560 8,370 2,165 2,412 10,582 8,737 1,605 802 10.6

 Computer Room .............................. 14,199 13,947 7,891 4,783 1,846 1,557 6,723 5,717 1,023 511 12.1

 Rooms with Special

 Ventilation ....................................... 8,042 7,890 5,146 3,191 1,151 962 3,115 2,667 449 363 14.4

 Activities with Large

 Amounts of Hot Water .................... 6,862 6,857 4,482 2,764 743 1,080 2,792 2,187 511 330 16.3

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ............. 31,564 26,766 14,041 9,819 2,200 2,440 14,372 11,519 2,518 910 12.8

 with Central Physical Plant ............ 8,395 7,895 5,004 2,486 1,111 1,493 3,083 2,058 796 543 17.9

 No Central Physical Plant .............. 23,170 18,872 9,037 7,333 1,089 948 11,289 9,461 Q 367 15.8

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ............. 36,312 31,713 17,559 14,645 1,522 1,591 15,130 14,289 849 350 8.6

Water-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

 Electricity ......................................... 25,482 25,482 11,504 10,388 514 773 15,671 14,008 Q 439 14.8

 Natural Gas ...................................... 29,962 29,962 16,228 12,906 1,706 2,130 14,816 13,174 1,467 757 9.8

 Fuel Oil ............................................ 2,470 2,470 2,127 1,062 984 257 397 273 Q Q 27.3

 District Heat ..................................... 3,308 3,308 2,889 915 841 1,170 528 155 138 257 21.4

 Propane ........................................... 659 659 467 425 Q Q 245 241 Q Q 41.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 213
Table A54. Water-Heating Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All

Buildings

With

Water

Heating

Water-Heating Equipment

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Centralized System Distributed System

Total

with

SelfHeating

Storage

Tank

with

Tank

Heated by

SpaceHeating

Equipment Other Total

ResidentialType

Storage

System

Pointof-Use

Heaters Other

0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.7 1.3 0.8 0.8 2.3 2.0

Water-Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

 Centralized System .......................... 31,599 31,599 31,599 24,464 3,722 4,032 2,622 1,380 Q Q 13.0

 Self-Heating Tank .......................... 24,464 24,464 24,464 24,464 500 Q 2,314 1,186 Q Q 17.7

 Heated by Space-Heating

 Equipment ..................................... 3,722 3,722 3,722 500 3,722 Q Q Q Q Q 21.9

 Other .............................................. 4,032 4,032 4,032 Q Q 4,032 164 Q Q Q 18.3

 Distributed System ........................... 29,502 29,502 2,622 2,314 Q 164 29,502 25,809 3,367 1,259 17.0

 Residential-Type Storage

 Tank .............................................. 25,809 25,809 1,380 1,186 Q Q 25,809 25,809 727 Q 12.5

 Point-of-Use Heaters ..................... 3,367 3,367 Q Q Q Q 3,367 727 3,367 Q 37.0

 Other .............................................. 1,259 1,259 Q Q Q Q 1,259 Q Q 1,259 21.6

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ............................................ 46,248 42,817 21,660 16,996 2,410 2,435 22,288 20,255 1,932 723 8.7

 Cooling ............................................. 42,768 40,185 20,206 15,694 2,303 2,379 21,047 19,122 1,849 688 8.8

 Hot Water ......................................... 9,966 9,966 5,736 4,453 604 754 4,556 4,167 332 151 12.1

 Lighting ............................................ 54,944 48,476 25,008 19,951 2,577 2,723 24,757 22,633 2,009 767 8.2

 Other ................................................ 7,996 7,424 4,100 3,368 484 264 3,618 3,312 Q Q 20.4

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

214 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A55. Lighting Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Other

0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 1.6 1.2 2.9

All Buildings ................................... 4,806 4,452 2,509 4,065 206 354 78 5.5

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 2,681 2,429 1,342 2,145 68 95 37 9.1

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 975 920 523 866 50 61 Q 7.9

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 647 618 347 591 31 66 16 8.8

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 280 268 167 257 24 56 Q 10.2

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 116 113 66 110 16 35 Q 10.4

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 71 70 43 64 10 22 Q 12.2

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 26 25 17 25 6 14 Q 12.7

 Over 500,000 ................................. 9 9 5 9 2 5 Q 26.5

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 301 301 128 291 21 34 Q 12.6

 Food Sales ..................................... 130 130 51 130 Q Q Q 21.9

 Food Service ................................. 260 260 213 240 Q Q Q 12.3

 Health Care .................................... 63 63 46 60 6 5 Q 25.4

 Lodging .......................................... 154 153 142 124 21 5 Q 18.5

 Mercantile and Service ................... 1,272 1,262 566 1,211 40 91 23 8.5

 Office .............................................. 749 749 415 727 51 38 20 10.0

 Parking Garage .............................. 24 22 7 19 Q 6 Q 39.5

 Public Assembly ............................. 278 277 198 245 18 28 Q 10.9

 Public Order and Safety ................. 60 59 29 57 Q Q Q 28.3

 Religious Worship .......................... 366 366 315 289 Q 14 Q 16.1

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 761 628 311 509 13 90 11 11.3

 Other .............................................. 69 63 32 52 Q 12 Q 26.6

 Vacant ............................................ 319 121 58 110 Q 6 Q 17.2

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 169 161 136 140 Q Q Q 18.5

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 255 232 165 219 9 13 Q 18.2

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 724 659 436 588 27 37 Q 11.2

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 880 813 494 740 26 52 Q 10.5

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 783 735 399 665 36 49 Q 10.2

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 982 909 461 843 44 77 12 10.4

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 884 826 358 770 42 102 34 9.0

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 128 118 59 101 11 20 Q 21.5

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 771 735 435 687 57 53 Q 12.1

 Midwest .......................................... 1,202 1,082 662 995 41 107 9 11.1

 South .............................................. 1,963 1,811 939 1,607 51 142 31 9.9

 West ............................................... 870 824 473 776 57 52 31 13.3

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 4,616 4,452 2,509 4,065 206 354 78 5.5

 Natural Gas .................................... 2,665 2,632 1,555 2,486 141 219 54 6.6

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 559 549 311 522 36 53 8 13.9

 District Heat .................................... 95 95 45 94 13 17 Q 16.9

 District Chilled Water ...................... 28 28 14 28 2 4 Q 25.6

 Propane .......................................... 337 325 194 292 18 25 Q 19.5

 Any Other ....................................... 163 156 92 133 Q Q Q 17.9

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 4,178 4,107 2,324 3,850 202 322 72 5.6

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 3,502 3,467 1,934 3,281 179 287 67 5.7

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 3,502 3,457 2,040 3,283 186 290 67 5.7

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 734 730 546 694 65 72 20 8.1

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 121 117 63 112 8 25 Q 20.6

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 215
Table A55. Lighting Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Other

0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 1.6 1.2 2.9

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 4,193 3,857 2,111 3,506 163 300 68 5.9

 26 to 50 .......................................... 490 478 318 444 35 46 8 9.6

 51 to 75 .......................................... 94 91 64 89 6 6 Q 19.5

 76 to 100 ........................................ 29 26 15 26 2 2 Q 28.0

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 2,718 2,368 1,323 2,066 79 122 31 8.3

 5 to 9 .............................................. 895 895 491 848 34 62 15 8.3

 10 to 19 .......................................... 561 557 339 530 25 55 Q 10.0

 20 to 49 .......................................... 405 405 217 400 28 52 Q 9.6

 50 to 99 .......................................... 130 130 78 126 16 34 Q 11.7

 100 to 249 ...................................... 64 64 40 64 15 19 Q 12.0

 250 or More .................................... 31 31 21 31 10 9 2 11.8

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 1,039 765 496 618 13 30 Q 12.4

 40 to 48 .......................................... 1,278 1,265 633 1,182 45 109 26 9.0

 49 to 60 .......................................... 1,004 974 489 942 46 88 22 8.2

 61 to 84 .......................................... 645 633 334 597 44 50 11 8.8

 85 to 167 ........................................ 478 471 322 437 29 43 11 11.3

 Open Continuously ......................... 362 344 234 290 30 33 Q 11.7

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ....... 735 731 547 695 65 72 20 8.1

 Computer Room ............................. 223 222 120 221 29 45 4 11.7

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ...... 236 236 138 227 21 40 Q 13.9

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ................................... 203 203 151 196 24 25 Q 11.8

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ........... 1,667 1,517 809 1,315 71 165 21 8.6

 with Central Physical Plant ........... 223 214 95 206 19 35 Q 16.0

 No Central Physical Plant ............ 1,444 1,303 713 1,109 52 130 18 9.2

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ........... 3,139 2,934 1,700 2,750 135 188 57 6.0

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 413 59 26 48 Q Q Q 23.5

 1 to 50 ............................................ 881 881 567 780 25 47 17 10.2

 51 to 99 .......................................... 813 813 509 771 65 65 14 8.6

 100 ................................................. 2,699 2,699 1,408 2,467 117 239 47 7.0

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit ............................................. 2,987 2,633 1,467 2,315 94 174 45 7.3

 1 to 50 ............................................ 1,689 1,689 977 1,632 107 167 33 7.0

 51 to 99 .......................................... 43 43 25 43 Q 5 Q 27.9

 100 ................................................. 87 87 39 76 Q Q Q 26.6

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 2,509 2,509 2,509 2,162 132 161 48 6.6

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 4,065 4,065 2,162 4,065 183 312 73 5.2

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 206 206 132 183 206 39 7 12.1

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 354 354 161 312 39 354 11 8.7

 Other .............................................. 78 78 48 73 7 11 78 20.9

See footnotes at end of table.

216 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A55. Lighting Equipment, Number of Buildings, 1992 (Continued)

 (Thousand)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

All

Buildings

All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Other

0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 1.6 1.2 2.9

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 574 574 326 533 60 119 14 10.0

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 74 74 55 69 13 18 Q 19.2

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 59 59 25 58 11 10 Q 17.3

 Time Clock ..................................... 339 339 224 323 33 42 7 12.0

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 413 413 358 383 52 41 14 10.9

 Other .............................................. 78 78 42 76 13 13 Q 21.4

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 3,400 3,358 1,862 3,144 157 258 66 6.1

 Cooling ........................................... 2,872 2,850 1,559 2,696 139 229 61 6.1

 Hot Water ....................................... 578 558 331 520 36 43 8 11.4

 Lighting ........................................... 4,089 4,034 2,231 3,709 174 316 76 5.7

 Other .............................................. 547 543 334 522 42 53 21 13.0

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 217
Table A56. Lighting Equipment, Floorspace, 1992

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Other

0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.2 2.8

All Buildings ................................... 67,876 65,354 39,221 62,074 8,336 17,570 1,612 5.8

Building Floorspace (square feet)

 1,001 to 5,000 ................................ 7,327 6,693 3,763 5,927 195 289 113 9.4

 5,001 to 10,000 .............................. 7,199 6,816 3,835 6,422 380 487 Q 7.9

 10,001 to 25,000 ............................ 10,375 9,939 5,550 9,562 507 1,123 227 8.7

 25,001 to 50,000 ............................ 10,069 9,620 6,045 9,191 925 2,089 Q 10.8

 50,001 to 100,000 .......................... 8,062 7,845 4,604 7,594 1,185 2,447 Q 10.2

 100,001 to 200,000 ........................ 9,678 9,627 5,898 8,740 1,375 3,118 Q 12.2

 200,001 to 500,000 ........................ 7,889 7,663 5,226 7,528 1,745 3,932 Q 13.3

 Over 500,000 ................................. 7,278 7,151 4,300 7,110 2,024 4,085 407 22.7

Principal Building Activity

 Education ....................................... 8,470 8,470 5,368 8,379 846 3,186 Q 10.5

 Food Sales ..................................... 757 757 331 757 Q Q Q 24.7

 Food Service ................................. 1,491 1,491 1,284 1,430 Q Q Q 14.5

 Health Care .................................... 1,763 1,763 1,446 1,754 647 551 Q 18.1

 Lodging .......................................... 2,891 2,889 2,698 2,768 815 328 Q 21.5

 Mercantile and Service ................... 12,402 12,368 6,516 12,059 1,432 3,075 274 14.5

 Office .............................................. 12,319 12,319 7,946 12,167 2,719 2,359 507 9.0

 Parking Garage .............................. 1,652 1,649 310 1,424 Q 1,094 Q 40.5

 Public Assembly ............................. 4,556 4,553 2,780 4,406 578 1,177 Q 23.8

 Public Order and Safety ................. 820 809 388 803 Q Q Q 36.3

 Religious Worship .......................... 3,747 3,747 3,427 3,424 Q 188 Q 19.8

 Warehouse and Storage ................ 11,484 10,893 4,760 9,255 414 4,365 260 15.5

 Other .............................................. 1,130 1,113 638 1,070 Q 370 Q 23.2

 Vacant ............................................ 4,396 2,534 1,329 2,379 Q 445 Q 26.0

Year Constructed

 1899 or Before ............................... 1,721 1,665 1,303 1,515 Q Q Q 18.8

 1900 to 1919 .................................. 3,608 3,299 2,412 3,227 349 504 Q 23.2

 1920 to 1945 .................................. 8,712 8,226 5,674 7,697 837 1,798 Q 16.0

 1946 to 1959 .................................. 10,421 9,959 6,729 9,166 639 2,116 Q 13.2

 1960 to 1969 .................................. 12,612 12,279 7,220 11,720 1,764 3,382 Q 13.5

 1970 to 1979 .................................. 14,014 13,609 7,853 13,070 1,958 3,734 293 9.7

 1980 to 1989 .................................. 14,287 13,857 6,724 13,434 1,933 4,682 582 11.9

 1990 to 1992 .................................. 2,502 2,461 1,305 2,244 719 1,217 110 15.1

Census Region

 Northeast ........................................ 13,400 13,076 8,905 12,733 2,990 4,623 Q 12.8

 Midwest .......................................... 17,280 16,531 10,724 15,946 1,847 5,841 263 9.4

 South .............................................. 24,577 23,671 12,240 21,658 1,607 4,686 553 10.5

 West ............................................... 12,619 12,076 7,351 11,737 1,891 2,419 437 9.3

Energy Sources (more than one

may apply)

 Electricity ........................................ 66,549 65,354 39,221 62,074 8,336 17,570 1,612 5.9

 Natural Gas .................................... 45,097 44,847 28,989 43,913 6,297 13,140 1,262 6.7

 Fuel Oil ........................................... 13,218 13,113 9,692 12,959 3,668 5,383 550 9.9

 District Heat .................................... 5,339 5,318 3,434 5,265 1,168 1,874 Q 14.3

 District Chilled Water ...................... 2,066 2,066 1,619 2,060 434 572 Q 23.1

 Propane .......................................... 3,393 3,344 2,239 3,253 624 1,110 Q 17.1

 Any Other ....................................... 1,551 1,514 854 1,439 Q Q Q 27.9

Energy End Uses (more than one

may apply)

 Heated Buildings ............................ 61,996 61,448 37,268 59,873 8,215 16,581 1,529 6.0

 Air-Conditioned Buildings ............... 57,041 56,642 34,240 55,594 7,950 15,956 1,463 6.3

 Buildings with Water Heating ......... 58,479 58,095 36,008 56,893 8,080 16,337 1,484 6.1

 Buildings with Cooking ................... 23,065 23,024 17,061 22,821 5,206 7,952 866 9.7

 Buildings with Manufacturing ......... 3,174 3,144 1,708 3,093 327 1,437 Q 19.8

See footnotes at end of table.

218 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992
Table A56. Lighting Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Other

0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.2 2.8

Percent Window Glass

 25 or Less ...................................... 51,356 49,184 27,146 46,188 4,412 12,920 1,205 6.5

 26 to 50 .......................................... 11,815 11,509 8,723 11,284 2,570 3,698 295 11.2

 51 to 75 .......................................... 3,206 3,179 2,382 3,127 904 655 Q 14.7

 76 to 100 ........................................ 1,499 1,482 969 1,474 450 296 Q 22.0

Workers (main shift)

 Less than 5 ..................................... 17,944 15,476 8,540 13,520 714 1,777 270 14.4

 5 to 9 .............................................. 7,524 7,524 4,231 7,100 381 1,174 251 11.8

 10 to 19 .......................................... 8,077 8,022 4,618 7,490 376 1,624 Q 12.9

 20 to 49 .......................................... 10,556 10,556 5,703 10,414 886 2,685 Q 9.9

 50 to 99 .......................................... 7,763 7,763 4,648 7,646 1,089 2,920 Q 12.4

 100 to 249 ...................................... 7,378 7,378 4,910 7,334 1,405 3,280 Q 15.3

 250 or More .................................... 8,633 8,633 6,571 8,570 3,485 4,111 512 13.5

Weekly Operating Hours

 39 or Fewer .................................... 8,246 6,145 3,940 5,447 290 936 Q 14.1

 40 to 48 .......................................... 14,998 14,895 8,138 13,833 1,126 2,914 320 9.1

 49 to 60 .......................................... 14,046 13,917 8,364 13,398 1,626 3,545 318 8.3

 61 to 84 .......................................... 12,062 11,996 7,105 11,710 1,795 3,559 367 10.7

 85 to 167 ........................................ 8,467 8,433 5,692 8,266 1,556 3,148 Q 15.4

 Open Continuously ......................... 10,057 9,969 5,981 9,421 1,943 3,468 Q 15.2

Energy-Related Space Functions

(more than one may apply)

 Commercial Food Preparation ....... 22,166 22,126 17,061 21,923 5,206 7,952 866 8.9

 Computer Room ............................. 14,199 14,183 9,094 14,066 3,658 5,883 592 9.7

 Rooms with Special Ventilation ...... 8,042 8,036 5,370 7,976 1,509 3,153 Q 10.7

 Activity with Large Amounts

 of Hot Water ................................... 6,862 6,862 5,572 6,819 1,767 2,578 Q 12.8

Multibuilding Facility

 Part of Multibuilding Facility ........... 31,564 30,480 17,558 28,305 4,290 10,181 720 9.4

 with Central Physical Plant ........... 8,395 8,288 5,167 8,078 1,925 3,287 Q 15.9

 No Central Physical Plant ............ 23,170 22,193 12,392 20,227 2,365 6,894 509 10.5

 Not on Multibuilding Facility ........... 36,312 34,874 21,662 33,769 4,046 7,388 892 5.8

Percent Lit when Open

 Not Lit ............................................. 3,280 757 391 675 Q Q Q 33.4

 1 to 50 ............................................ 9,980 9,980 6,575 8,848 547 1,410 295 13.5

 51 to 99 .......................................... 14,224 14,224 9,350 13,892 2,410 3,782 418 11.1

 100 ................................................. 40,393 40,393 22,906 38,658 5,378 12,324 900 7.1

Percent Lit when Closed

 Not Lit ............................................. 34,486 31,963 18,367 29,325 3,314 7,394 923 8.1

 1 to 50 ............................................ 31,482 31,482 19,880 30,950 4,791 9,658 639 7.3

 51 to 99 .......................................... 1,021 1,021 667 1,021 Q 355 Q 26.6

 100 ................................................. 887 887 306 777 Q Q Q 29.9

Lighting Equipment Types (more

than one may apply)

 Incandescent .................................. 39,221 39,221 39,221 36,935 6,590 10,037 1,157 6.4

 Standard Fluorescent ..................... 62,074 62,074 36,935 62,074 8,111 16,557 1,493 6.0

 Compact Fluorescent ..................... 8,336 8,336 6,590 8,111 8,336 3,746 368 11.6

 High-Intensity Discharge ................ 17,570 17,570 10,037 16,557 3,746 17,570 673 9.8

 Other .............................................. 1,612 1,612 1,157 1,493 368 673 1,612 22.3

See footnotes at end of table.

Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992 219
Table A56. Lighting Equipment, Floorspace, 1992 (Continued)

 (Million Square Feet)

Building

Characteristics

 RSE Column Factor:

Total

Floorspace

of All

Buildings

Total

Floorspace

of All Lit

Buildings

Lighting Equipment Types

(more than one may apply)

RSE

Row

Factor

Incandescent

Standard

Fluorescent

Compact

Fluorescent

HighIntensity

Discharge Other

0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.2 2.8

Lighting Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

 Specular Reflectors ........................ 15,241 15,241 10,321 14,714 4,117 6,900 664 10.6

 Natural Lighting Control

 Sensors .......................................... 3,072 3,072 2,394 3,004 1,090 1,635 Q 15.2

 Occupancy Sensors ....................... 3,629 3,629 2,288 3,601 1,263 1,474 Q 13.5

 Time Clock ..................................... 12,104 12,104 8,318 11,853 3,413 4,488 398 14.5

 Manual Dimmer Switches .............. 12,329 12,329 10,505 12,139 4,058 4,313 586 11.2

 Other .............................................. 2,596 2,596 1,461 2,552 893 904 Q 14.1

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

 Heating ........................................... 46,248 45,960 27,823 44,726 5,812 12,443 1,208 6.2

 Cooling ........................................... 42,768 42,619 25,769 41,757 5,617 11,986 1,150 6.4

 Hot Water ....................................... 9,966 9,807 6,665 9,483 1,659 3,081 158 10.1

 Lighting ........................................... 54,944 54,489 32,756 51,840 6,317 14,013 1,325 5.5

 Other .............................................. 7,996 7,961 4,989 7,831 1,170 2,170 228 14.9

Q = Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

Notes: • To obtain a RSE percentage for any table cell, multiply the cell’s corresponding RSE column and RSE row factors. • See Glossary for explanation of

abbreviations and definitions of terms used in this report.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Marketsand End Use, Form EIA-871A, "Building Questionnaire," 1992 Commercial Buildings Energy

Consumption Survey.

220 Energy Information Administration/Commercial Buildings Characteristrics 1992