All

Buildings

Not 

Heated

1 to 50 

Percent 

Heated

51 to 99 

Percent 

Heated

100 

Percent 

Heated

All

Buildings

Not 

Heated

1 to 50 

Percent 

Heated

51 to 99 

Percent 

Heated

100 

Percent 

Heated

All Buildings ............................................... 4,657 641 576 627 2,813 67,338 5,736 7,593 10,745 43,264

Building Floorspace

(Square Feet)

1,001 to 5,000 .............................................. 2,348 366 230 272 1,479 6,774 1,091 707 750 4,227

5,001 to 10,000 ............................................ 1,110 164 194 149 603 8,238 1,148 1,504 1,177 4,409

10,001 to 25,000 .......................................... 708 79 102 128 399 11,153 1,289 1,611 1,936 6,317

25,001 to 50,000 .......................................... 257 20 29 45 162 9,311 746 1,078 1,690 5,796

50,001 to 100,000 ........................................ 145 8 12 20 105 10,112 515 877 1,407 7,313

100,001 to 200,000 ...................................... 59 3 5 7 45 8,271 378 739 946 6,207

200,001 to 500,000 ...................................... 23 1 2 4 16 6,851 406 589 1,341 4,515

Over 500,000 ............................................... 7 Q 1 2 5 6,628 Q 487 1,498 4,480

Principal Building Activity

Education .................................................... 327 Q Q 43 269 8,651 Q Q 1,184 7,253

Food Sales .................................................. 174 Q Q 58 84 994 Q Q 151 623

Food Service ............................................... 349 Q Q 67 213 1,851 Q Q 428 1,084

Health Care ................................................. 127 N Q 20 94 2,918 N Q 496 2,272

 Inpatient ..................................................... 11 N Q 2 9 1,865 N Q 295 1,477

 Outpatient .................................................. 116 N Q Q 85 1,053 N Q Q 795

Lodging ........................................................ 153 Q 12 22 117 4,521 Q 367 807 3,250

Mercantile .................................................... 667 41 103 117 405 10,398 550 1,131 2,109 6,608

 Retail (Other Than Mall) ............................ 534 Q 84 108 311 4,766 Q 711 1,211 2,693

 Enclosed and Strip Malls ........................... 133 Q Q 10 94 5,631 Q 420 898 3,915

Office ........................................................... 739 Q 22 98 608 12,044 234 486 2,570 8,754

Public Assembly .......................................... 305 31 30 20 224 4,393 378 342 540 3,133

Public Order and Safety .............................. 72 Q Q Q 41 1,168 Q Q Q 819

Religious Worship ....................................... 307 Q Q 35 253 3,405 Q Q 618 2,632

Service ........................................................ 478 57 72 94 255 3,388 362 406 628 1,993

Warehouse and Storage ............................. 603 247 205 29 123 10,477 2,373 3,749 850 3,505

Other ............................................................ 102 Q Q Q 70 1,222 Q Q Q 833

Vacant ......................................................... 253 168 Q Q 58 1,908 1,154 Q Q 505

Year Constructed

1919 or Before ............................................. 419 69 48 56 246 4,034 441 507 798 2,288

1920 to 1945 ................................................ 499 69 79 103 248 6,445 886 834 1,249 3,476

1946 to 1959 ................................................ 763 97 93 86 487 9,127 725 1,304 1,178 5,920

1960 to 1969 ................................................ 665 108 58 75 424 10,866 901 1,038 1,891 7,037

1970 to 1979 ................................................ 774 83 107 86 498 11,840 924 1,458 1,670 7,789

1980 to 1989 ................................................ 846 133 113 111 490 13,931 1,366 1,254 2,181 9,131

1990 to 1999 ................................................ 690 82 78 109 421 11,094 493 1,198 1,777 7,625

Floors

One .............................................................. 2,879 500 329 322 1,728 26,800 3,722 3,850 2,913 16,315

Two .............................................................. 1,168 94 209 163 702 16,985 1,052 2,534 2,616 10,783

Three ........................................................... 420 34 18 113 255 8,928 440 362 2,253 5,873

Four to Nine ................................................. 178 Q 20 25 120 10,180 427 577 1,842 7,334

Ten or More ................................................. 11 Q 1 3 8 4,445 Q 270 1,121 2,960

Census Region

Northeast ..................................................... 686 86 83 82 436 12,360 693 1,053 1,688 8,927

Midwest ....................................................... 1,188 138 151 175 724 16,761 846 1,571 2,323 12,022

South ........................................................... 1,762 259 182 254 1,067 23,485 2,887 2,538 4,335 13,725

West ............................................................ 1,021 158 160 117 586 14,731 1,310 2,432 2,399 8,590

Climate Zone: 45-Year Average

Under 2,000 CDD and --

 More than 7,000 HDD ................................ 525 Q 64 64 347 5,890 Q 674 626 4,368

 5,500-7,000 HDD ...................................... 986 115 105 145 621 17,083 877 1,091 2,478 12,637

 4,000-5,499 HDD ...................................... 1,085 136 154 144 651 16,243 952 1,760 2,701 10,831

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .............................. 1,134 137 125 154 718 16,333 1,410 2,270 3,061 9,593

2,000 CDD or More and --

 Fewer than 4,000 HDD .............................. 926 203 129 119 476 11,788 2,276 1,797 1,879 5,836

Table B28. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1999

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 87
All

Buildings

Not 

Heated

1 to 50 

Percent 

Heated

51 to 99 

Percent 

Heated

100 

Percent 

Heated

All

Buildings

Not 

Heated

1 to 50 

Percent 

Heated

51 to 99 

Percent 

Heated

100 

Percent 

Heated

Table B28. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1999

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Workers (main shift)

Fewer than 5 ................................................ 2,376 541 326 332 1,176 14,321 3,769 2,323 2,174 6,055

5 to 9 ............................................................ 807 34 155 77 541 6,325 305 1,426 732 3,862

10 to 19 ........................................................ 683 16 57 95 515 8,028 265 1,249 1,304 5,209

20 to 49 ........................................................ 487 32 21 86 349 10,814 468 958 1,848 7,541

50 to 99 ........................................................ 174 8 14 21 132 8,898 362 776 1,137 6,622

100 to 249 .................................................... 90 Q 2 10 69 8,356 Q 357 1,206 6,490

250 or More ................................................. 39 Q 1 7 31 10,595 Q 504 2,344 7,485

Weekly Operating Hours

39 or Fewer ................................................. 978 340 100 41 497 6,596 2,379 657 368 3,191

40 to 48 ........................................................ 1,156 87 186 202 680 13,105 1,015 2,258 2,290 7,541

49 to 60 ........................................................ 986 43 118 137 689 14,200 523 1,753 2,538 9,386

61 to 84 ........................................................ 664 66 94 97 408 12,458 670 1,224 2,100 8,463

85 to 167 ...................................................... 474 68 42 74 290 9,116 717 925 1,366 6,108

Open Continuously ...................................... 398 37 36 76 250 11,863 431 775 2,082 8,575

Vacancy Status

Completely Vacant ...................................... 140 110 Q Q Q 953 721 Q Q Q

Mostly Vacant .............................................. 113 58 Q Q 38 956 433 Q Q 319

Partially Vacant ............................................ 697 146 99 107 345 15,520 1,664 1,950 2,904 9,003

Not At All Vacant ......................................... 3,707 327 454 515 2,410 49,910 2,918 5,438 7,797 33,757

Energy Sources (more than

one may apply)

Electricity ..................................................... 4,395 387 569 626 2,813 65,716 4,151 7,564 10,737 43,264

Natural Gas ................................................. 2,670 82 322 441 1,825 45,525 1,141 4,873 8,052 31,460

Fuel Oil ........................................................ 434 Q 62 59 311 13,285 Q 1,113 2,584 9,377

District Heat ................................................. 117 Q Q 22 90 5,891 Q Q 986 4,708

District Chilled Water ................................... 50 Q Q 4 43 2,750 Q Q 379 2,298

Propane ....................................................... 451 Q 87 50 298 6,290 Q 1,046 1,083 3,947

Other ............................................................ 153 Q 49 17 84 2,322 Q 261 473 1,541

Space-Heating Energy Sources

(more than one may apply)

Electricity ..................................................... 1,880 N 290 255 1,335 32,291 N 4,722 6,110 21,459

Natural Gas ................................................. 2,380 Q 301 394 1,685 37,902 Q 4,319 6,642 26,932

Fuel Oil ........................................................ 377 N 58 52 266 5,611 N 564 786 4,260

District Heat ................................................. 96 N Q 16 80 5,534 N Q 886 4,575

Propane ....................................................... 307 N 61 30 216 2,728 N 461 421 1,845

Other ............................................................ 94 N Q Q 42 945 N Q Q 593

Primary Space-Heating

Energy Source

Electricity ..................................................... 1,128 N 189 165 774 17,627 N 3,013 3,275 11,339

Natural Gas ................................................. 2,189 N 277 365 1,547 32,729 N 3,648 5,829 23,252

Fuel Oil ........................................................ 302 N 44 45 213 3,719 N 481 409 2,829

District Heat ................................................. 77 N Q 15 61 5,077 N Q 837 4,176

Propane ....................................................... 282 N Q 28 205 2,107 N Q 339 1,445

Other ............................................................ 38 N Q Q Q 343 N Q Q Q

Energy End Uses (more than

one may apply)

Buildings with Space Heating ...................... 4,016 N 576 627 2,813 61,602 N 7,593 10,745 43,264

Buildings with Cooling ................................. 3,560 159 461 524 2,415 58,474 2,113 6,619 9,939 39,802

Buildings with Water Heating ...................... 3,239 152 373 476 2,237 56,115 1,911 5,823 9,453 38,928

Buildings with Cooking ................................ 857 59 72 148 578 24,681 867 1,326 4,410 18,077

Buildings with Manufacturing ....................... 151 Q 37 14 92 3,126 Q 890 376 1,766

Buildings with Electricity

 Generation .................................................. 172 Q Q 25 129 11,882 Q 700 2,523 8,420

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 88
All

Buildings

Not 

Heated

1 to 50 

Percent 

Heated

51 to 99 

Percent 

Heated

100 

Percent 

Heated

All

Buildings

Not 

Heated

1 to 50 

Percent 

Heated

51 to 99 

Percent 

Heated

100 

Percent 

Heated

Table B28. Percent of Floorspace Heated, Number of Buildings and Floorspace, 1999

Number of Buildings (thousand) Total Floorspace (million square feet)

Percent of Floorspace Cooled

Not Cooled .................................................. 1,097 482 115 102 398 8,864 3,622 974 806 3,462

1 to 50 .......................................................... 1,012 47 400 113 452 16,846 653 5,549 2,146 8,498

51 to 99 ........................................................ 751 26 24 364 337 16,966 329 628 6,831 9,178

100 ............................................................... 1,796 87 36 48 1,625 24,662 1,131 441 963 22,126

Percent Lit When Open

Zero ............................................................. 34 Q Q N Q 173 Q Q N Q

1 to 50 .......................................................... 835 94 277 114 349 9,187 1,012 2,994 1,427 3,754

51 to 99 ........................................................ 1,228 66 71 313 778 20,665 715 1,313 5,374 13,264

100 ............................................................... 2,096 101 206 196 1,593 34,233 1,508 3,054 3,925 25,747

Building Never Open/

 Electricity Not Used .................................... 464 354 Q Q 86 3,080 2,400 Q Q 445

Heating Equipment (more

than one may apply)

Heat Pumps ................................................. 492 N 53 70 369 8,923 N 1,098 1,797 6,028

Furnaces ...................................................... 1,460 N 236 271 953 14,449 N 2,718 3,042 8,689

Individual Space Heaters ............................ 894 N 137 150 607 17,349 N 2,432 3,332 11,585

District Heat ................................................. 96 N Q 16 80 5,534 N Q 886 4,575

Boilers ......................................................... 581 N 54 66 460 19,522 N 1,203 2,977 15,343

Packaged Heating Units .............................. 1,347 N 129 232 986 25,743 N 2,702 4,661 18,380

Other ............................................................ 185 N 53 13 118 4,073 N 607 774 2,692

Building Shell Conservation

Features (more than one

may apply)

Multipaned Windows ................................... 2,130 82 233 293 1,521 38,193 1,232 3,380 6,378 27,204

Tinted, Reflective, or

 Shading Glass ............................................ 1,283 58 161 197 868 29,915 1,138 2,841 5,318 20,619

HVAC Conservation Features

(more than one may apply)

Variable Air-Volume System ....................... 550 33 64 53 399 19,387 445 1,434 3,339 14,169

Economizer Cycle ........................................ 567 Q 15 102 442 21,256 Q 902 3,565 16,640

HVAC Maintenance ..................................... 2,786 81 302 419 1,983 53,395 1,412 5,057 8,836 38,090

Energy Management and

 Control System (EMCS) ............................. 460 8 24 41 387 21,613 360 989 3,492 16,771

Off-Hour Equipment Reduction

(more than one may apply)

Heating ........................................................ 2,862 N 409 435 2,018 39,969 N 5,198 6,853 27,918

Cooling ........................................................ 2,622 103 368 375 1,776 39,161 1,418 4,837 6,496 26,410

Lighting ........................................................ 3,675 227 515 517 2,415 51,083 2,783 6,498 8,362 33,440

Office Equipment ......................................... 184 Q 7 25 148 9,063 Q 395 1,408 6,998

Q=Data withheld because the Relative Standard Error (RSE) was greater than 50 percent, or fewer than 20 buildings were sampled.

N=No responding cases in sample.

Note: Due to rounding, data may not sum to totals.

Source: Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, Form EIA-871A of the 1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey.

Energy Information Administration

1999 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey: Building Characteristics Tables 89