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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q



|x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
|- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2009

Or



| ̈ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
|- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

For the transition period from             to             .

Commission File Number: 000-21088

VICAL INCORPORATED

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



|                                                               |  |                                     
|-------------------------------------------------------------- |  | ------------------------------------
|Delaware                                                       |  | 93-0948554                          
|(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
|                                                               | 
|10390 Pacific Center Court San Diego, California               |  | 92121                               
|(Address of principal executive offices)                       |  | (Zip code)                          

(858) 646-1100

(Registrants telephone number, including area code)

(Former name,
former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed
all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject
to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No   ̈

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File
required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such
files).    Yes   ̈    No   ̈

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer,
accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated
filer   ̈        Accelerated filer  x        Non-accelerated
filer   ̈        Smaller reporting company   ̈

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes   ̈     No  x

Indicate the number of shares
outstanding of each of the issuers classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Total shares of common stock
outstanding at April 30, 2009: 40,377,933









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VICAL INCORPORATED

FORM 10-Q

INDEX



|                                                                                              |  |   
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |  | --
|                                                                                              | 
|PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION                                                                 |  |   
|                                                                                              | 
|ITEM 1. Financial Statements                                                                  |  |   
|                                                                                              | 
|Balance Sheets (unaudited) as of March 31, 2009, and December 31, 2008                        |  | 3 
|                                                                                              | 
|Statements of Operations (unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008       |  | 4 
|                                                                                              | 
|Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008       |  | 5 
|                                                                                              | 
|Notes to Financial Statements (unaudited)                                                     |  | 6 
|                                                                                              | 
|ITEM 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations |  | 11
|                                                                                              | 
|ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk                            |  | 20
|                                                                                              | 
|ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures                                                               |  | 21
|                                                                                              | 
|PART II. OTHER INFORMATION                                                                    |  |   
|                                                                                              | 
|ITEM 1A. Risk Factors                                                                         |  | 21
|                                                                                              | 
|ITEM 6. Exhibits                                                                              |  | 31
|                                                                                              | 
|SIGNATURE                                                                                     |  | 32



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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION



|ITEM 1. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|------- | --------------------

VICAL INCORPORATED

BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except par value data)

(Unaudited)



|                                                                                                                                                                |  |               |          |   |                  |   |          |  
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |  | ------------- | -------- | - | ---------------- | - | -------- | -
|                                                                                                                                                                |  | March 31,2009 |          |   | December 31,2008 |  
|ASSETS                                                                                                                                                          |  |               |          |   |                  |   |          |  
|Current assets:                                                                                                                                                 |  |               |          |   |                  |   |          |  
|Cash and cash equivalents                                                                                                                                       |  | $             | 15,677   |   |                  | $ | 23,761   |  
|Marketable securities, available-for-sale                                                                                                                       |  |               | 10,143   |   |                  |   | 9,731    |  
|Restricted marketable securities                                                                                                                                |  |               | 2,774    |   |                  |   | 2,774    |  
|Receivables and other                                                                                                                                           |  |               | 2,331    |   |                  |   | 1,852    |  
|                                                                                                                                                                |  |               |          |   |                  |   |          |  
|Total current assets                                                                                                                                            |  |               | 30,925   |   |                  |   | 38,118   |  
|Long-term investments                                                                                                                                           |  |               | 5,341    |   |                  |   | 5,410    |  
|Property and equipment, net                                                                                                                                     |  |               | 10,269   |   |                  |   | 10,734   |  
|Intangible assets, net                                                                                                                                          |  |               | 4,110    |   |                  |   | 4,337    |  
|Other assets                                                                                                                                                    |  |               | 458      |   |                  |   | 458      |  
|                                                                                                                                                                |  |               |          |   |                  |   |          |  
|Total assets                                                                                                                                                    |  | $             | 51,103   |   |                  | $ | 59,057   |  
|                                                                                                                                                                |  |               |          |   |                  |   |          |  
|LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY                                                                                                                            |  |               |          |   |                  |   |          |  
|Current liabilities:                                                                                                                                            |  |               |          |   |                  |   |          |  
|Accounts payable and accrued expenses                                                                                                                           |  | $             | 5,378    |   |                  | $ | 6,109    |  
|Deferred revenue                                                                                                                                                |  |               | 2,450    |   |                  |   | 1,709    |  
|Equipment financing obligations                                                                                                                                 |  |               | 83       |   |                  |   | 156      |  
|                                                                                                                                                                |  |               |          |   |                  |   |          |  
|Total current liabilities                                                                                                                                       |  |               | 7,911    |   |                  |   | 7,974    |  
|Long-term liabilities:                                                                                                                                          |  |               |          |   |                  |   |          |  
|Deferred rent                                                                                                                                                   |  |               | 2,455    |   |                  |   | 2,469    |  
|Commitments and contingencies                                                                                                                                   |  |               |          |   |                  |   |          |  
|Stockholders equity:                                                                                                                                           |  |               |          |   |                  |   |          |  
|Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 5,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding                                                                          |  |               |         |   |                  |   |         |  
|Common stock, $0.01 par value, 80,000 shares authorized, 40,373 and 40,358 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2009, and
December 31, 2008, respectively |  |               | 404      |   |                  |   | 403      |  
|Additional paid-in capital                                                                                                                                      |  |               | 307,421  |   |                  |   | 307,051  |  
|Accumulated deficit                                                                                                                                             |  |               | (267,056 | ) |                  |   | (258,812 | )
|Accumulated other comprehensive loss                                                                                                                            |  |               | (32      | ) |                  |   | (28      | )
|                                                                                                                                                                |  |               |          |   |                  |   |          |  
|Total stockholders equity                                                                                                                                      |  |               | 40,737   |   |                  |   | 48,614   |  
|                                                                                                                                                                |  |               |          |   |                  |   |          |  
|Total liabilities and stockholders equity                                                                                                                      |  | $             | 51,103   |   |                  | $ | 59,057   |  
|                                                                                                                                                                |  |               |          |   |                  |   |          |  

See accompanying notes to unaudited financial statements



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VICAL INCORPORATED

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)



|                                                                               |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |  | --------------------------- | ------ | - | ---- | - | ------- | -
|                                                                               |  | Three Months EndedMarch 31, |       
|                                                                               |  | 2009                        |        |   | 2008 |  
|Revenues:                                                                      |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Contract and grant revenue                                                     |  | $                           | 378    |   |      | $ | 460     |  
|License and royalty revenue                                                    |  |                             | 1,872  |   |      |   | 1,480   |  
|                                                                               |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Total revenues                                                                 |  |                             | 2,250  |   |      |   | 1,940   |  
|Operating expenses:                                                            |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Research and development                                                       |  |                             | 6,221  |   |      |   | 6,594   |  
|Manufacturing and production                                                   |  |                             | 2,444  |   |      |   | 3,106   |  
|General and administrative                                                     |  |                             | 1,901  |   |      |   | 2,335   |  
|                                                                               |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Total operating expenses                                                       |  |                             | 10,566 |   |      |   | 12,035  |  
|                                                                               |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Loss from operations                                                           |  |                             | (8,316 | ) |      |   | (10,095 | )
|Other income (expense):                                                        |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Investment and other income, net                                               |  |                             | 73     |   |      |   | 540     |  
|Interest expense                                                               |  |                             | (1     | ) |      |   | (10     | )
|                                                                               |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Net loss                                                                       |  | $                           | (8,244 | ) |      | $ | (9,565  | )
|                                                                               |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Basic and diluted net loss per share                                           |  | $                           | (0.20  | ) |      | $ | (0.24   | )
|                                                                               |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Weighted average shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss per share |  |                             | 40,478 |   |      |   | 39,218  |  
|                                                                               |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  

See accompanying notes to unaudited financial statements



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VICAL INCORPORATED

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)



|                                                                            |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------- |  | --------------------------- | ------ | - | ---- | - | ------- | -
|                                                                            |  | Three Months EndedMarch 31, |       
|                                                                            |  | 2009                        |        |   | 2008 |  
|Cash flows from operating activities:                                       |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Net loss                                                                    |  | $                           | (8,244 | ) |      | $ | (9,565  | )
|Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Depreciation and amortization                                               |  |                             | 693    |   |      |   | 741     |  
|Other than temporary loss on marketable securities and other assets         |  |                             | 91     |   |      |   | 158     |  
|Write-off of abandoned patents                                              |  |                             | 66     |   |      |   | 102     |  
|Gain on sale of property and equipment                                      |  |                             |       |   |      |   | (1      | )
|Compensation expense related to stock options and awards                    |  |                             | 383    |   |      |   | 467     |  
|Changes in operating assets and liabilities:                                |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Receivables and other                                                       |  |                             | (479   | ) |      |   | (383    | )
|Other assets                                                                |  |                             |       |   |      |   | 146     |  
|Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities                    |  |                             | (731   | ) |      |   | (909    | )
|Deferred revenue                                                            |  |                             | 741    |   |      |   | (1,119  | )
|Deferred rent                                                               |  |                             | (14    | ) |      |   | 24      |  
|                                                                            |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Net cash used in operating activities                                       |  |                             | (7,494 | ) |      |   | (10,339 | )
|                                                                            |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Cash flows from investing activities:                                       |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Maturities of marketable securities  including restricted                  |  |                             | 1,006  |   |      |   | 21,416  |  
|Purchases of marketable securities  including restricted                   |  |                             | (1,444 | ) |      |   | (7,333  | )
|Purchases of property and equipment                                         |  |                             |       |   |      |   | (98     | )
|Sale of property and equipment                                              |  |                             |       |   |      |   | 1       |  
|Patent expenditures                                                         |  |                             | (67    | ) |      |   | (221    | )
|                                                                            |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities                         |  |                             | (505   | ) |      |   | 13,765  |  
|                                                                            |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Cash flows from financing activities:                                       |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Proceeds from issuance of common stock                                      |  |                             | 1      |   |      |   |        |  
|Payment of withholding taxes for net settlement of restricted stock units   |  |                             | (13    | ) |      |   | (56     | )
|Principal payments under equipment financing obligations                    |  |                             | (73    | ) |      |   | (186    | )
|                                                                            |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Net cash used in financing activities                                       |  |                             | (85    | ) |      |   | (242    | )
|                                                                            |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents                        |  |                             | (8,084 | ) |      |   | 3,184   |  
|Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period                            |  |                             | 23,761 |   |      |   | 35,347  |  
|                                                                            |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Cash and cash equivalents at end of period                                  |  | $                           | 15,677 |   |      | $ | 38,531  |  
|                                                                            |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Supplemental information:                                                   |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  
|Interest paid                                                               |  | $                           | 1      |   |      | $ | 11      |  
|                                                                            |  |                             |        |   |      |   |         |  

See accompanying notes to unaudited financial statements



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VICAL INCORPORATED

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

March 31, 2009

(Unaudited)



|1. | GENERAL
|-- | -------

Vical Incorporated, or the Company, a
Delaware corporation, was incorporated in April 1987 and has devoted substantially all of its resources since that time to its research and development programs. The Company researches and develops biopharmaceutical products based on its
patented DNA delivery technologies for the prevention and treatment of serious or life-threatening diseases.

All of the Companys
potential products are in research and development phases. No revenues have been generated from the sale of any such products, nor are any such revenues expected for at least the next several years. The Company earns revenue from research and
development agreements with pharmaceutical collaborators and grant and contract arrangements with government entities. Most product candidates will require significant additional research and development efforts, including extensive preclinical and
clinical testing. All product candidates that advance to clinical testing will require regulatory approval prior to commercial use, and will require significant costs for commercialization. There can be no assurance that the Companys research
and development efforts, or those of its collaborators, will be successful. The Company expects to continue to incur substantial losses and not generate positive cash flows from operations for at least the next several years. No assurance can be
given that the Company can generate sufficient product revenue to become profitable or generate positive cash flows from operations. The Company anticipates that its available cash and existing sources of funding will be adequate to satisfy its cash
needs through December 31, 2010.

The unaudited financial statements at March 31, 2009, and for the three months ended
March 31, 2009 and 2008, have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, and with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States applicable to interim financial
statements. These unaudited financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited financial statements and include all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring accruals, which in the opinion of management are necessary to
present fairly the Companys financial position as of the interim date and results of operations for the interim periods presented. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or future periods. The preparation of
financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported
amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. These unaudited financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Companys audited financial statements for the year
ended December 31, 2008, included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and highly liquid securities with original maturities at the date of acquisition of ninety days
or less. Investments with an original maturity of more than ninety days are considered marketable securities and have been classified by management as available-for-sale. Such investments are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses
included as a separate component of stockholders equity. Realized gains and losses from the sale of available-for-sale securities or the amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income, if any, are determined on a specific
identification basis.

Restricted Marketable Securities

The Company is required to maintain a letter of credit securing an amount equal to twelve months of the current monthly installment of base rent for the term of its primary facilities lease, which ends in August 2017.
Under certain circumstances the Company may be able to eliminate the need for the letter of credit. At each of March 31, 2009, and December 31, 2008, restricted marketable securities of $2.8 million were pledged as collateral for this
letter of credit.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 13, Revenue Recognition, and Emerging Issues Task Force No. 00-21, or EITF No. 00-21, Accounting for Revenue Arrangements
with Multiple Deliverables. Revenue is recognized when the four basic criteria of revenue recognition are met: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services rendered; (3) the fee is
fixed or determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured.



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Contract Manufacturing Revenue

The Companys contract manufacturing arrangements typically require the delivery of multiple lots of clinical vaccines. In accordance with EITF No. 00-21, the Company analyzes its multiple element
arrangements to determine whether the elements can be separated and accounted for individually as separate units of accounting. The evaluation is performed at the inception of the arrangement. The delivered item(s) is considered a separate unit of
accounting if all of the following criteria are met: (1) the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a standalone basis; (2) there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered item(s); and (3) if the
arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item, delivery or performance of the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially in the Companys control. If the delivered item does not have standalone
value or the Company does not have objective or reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered component, the amount of revenue allocable to the delivered item is deferred.

License and Royalty Revenue

The Companys license and royalty revenues are generated through
agreements with strategic partners. Nonrefundable, up-front license fees and milestone payments with standalone value that are not dependent on any future performance by the Company under the agreements are recognized as revenue upon the earlier of
when payments are received or collection is assured, but are deferred if the Company has continuing performance obligations. If the Company has continuing involvement through contractual obligations under such agreements, such up-front fees are
deferred and recognized over the period for which the Company continues to have a performance obligation, unless all of the following criteria exist: (1) the delivered item(s) have standalone value to the customer, (2) there is objective
and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered item(s), and (3) delivery or performance is probable and within our control for any items that have a right of return.

The Company recognizes royalty revenues from licensed products when earned in accordance with the terms of the license agreements. Net sales figures used
for calculating royalties include deductions for costs of returns, cash discounts, and freight and warehousing, which may vary over the course of the license agreements. Payments received related to milestones are recognized as revenue upon the
achievement of the milestones as specified in the underlying agreements, which represent the culmination of the earnings process.

Government Research
Grant Revenue

The Company recognizes revenues from federal government research grants during the period in which the related
expenditures are incurred.

Net Loss Per Share

Basic and diluted net loss per share has been computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The weighted average number of shares used to compute diluted loss per share excludes any
assumed exercise of stock options, and the assumed issuance of common stock under restricted stock units, or RSUs, as the effect would be antidilutive. Common stock equivalents of 0.2 million and 0.1 million for the three months ended
March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, were excluded from the calculation because of their antidilutive effect.

Restructuring Costs

During the fourth quarter of 2008, the Company announced a work force reduction of 29 employees. The restructuring was designed to
preserve capital and focus the Companys efforts on its most advanced product development programs. As a result of the restructuring the Company incurred a charge for one-time termination benefits of $0.8 million in 2008. Approximately
$0.4 million of the charge was paid out during 2008 and the remainder was paid out during the three months ended March 31, 2009.

Facility
Consolidation

On January 30, 2009, the Company consolidated its operations into its main facility. The abandoned facility
previously housed portions of the Companys research and development activities. In January 2009, the Company incurred excess lease costs of $0.4 million which were recorded as restructuring costs and included in research and development.
Estimated excess lease costs are based on assumptions of differences between lease payments and estimated sublease receipts that could be realized on potential subleases. As of March 31, 2009 the remaining accrual for excess lease costs totaled
$0.3 million.



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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In April 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB issued FASB Staff Position, or FSP, Financial Accounting Standard, or FAS, 157-4, Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for
the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly. FSP FAS 157-4 amends Statement of Financial Accounting Standard, or SFAS, 157 and provides additional guidance for estimating fair value in
accordance with SFAS 157 when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased and also includes guidance on identifying circumstances that indicate a transaction is not orderly for fair value measurements.
This FSP must be applied prospectively, and retrospective application not permitted. This FSP will become effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009, with early adoption permitted for periods ending after March 15,
2009. The Company is currently evaluating this new FSP but does not believe that it will have a significant impact on the determination or reporting of the Companys financial results.

In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2. This FSP amends SFAS 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity
Securities, SFAS 124, Accounting for Certain Investments Held by Not-for-Profit Organizations, and Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 99-20, Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased Beneficial
Interests and Beneficial Interests That Continue to Be Held by a Transferor in Securitized Financial Assets, to make the other-than-temporary impairments guidance more operational and to improve the presentation of other-than-temporary
impairments in the financial statements. This FSP will replace the existing requirement that the entitys management assert it has both the intent and ability to hold an impaired debt security until recovery with a requirement that management
assert it does not have the intent to sell the security, and it is more likely than not it will not have to sell the security before recovery of the securitys cost basis. This FSP provides increased disclosure about the credit and noncredit
components of impaired debt securities that are not expected to be sold and also requires increased and more frequent disclosures regarding expected cash flows, credit losses, and an aging of securities with unrealized losses. Although this FSP does
not result in a change in the carrying amount of debt securities, it does require that the portion of an other-than-temporary impairment not related to a credit loss for a held-to-maturity security be recognized in a new category of other
comprehensive income and be amortized over the remaining life of the debt security as an increase in the carrying value of the security. This FSP will become effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009, with early
adoption permitted for periods ending after March 15, 2009. The Company is currently evaluating this new FSP but does not believe that it will have a significant impact on the determination or reporting of the Companys financial results.



|2. | STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
|-- | ------------------------

Total stock-based
compensation expense was allocated to research and development, manufacturing and production and general and administrative expense as follows (in thousands):



|                                       |  |                             |     |      |   |    
|-------------------------------------- |  | --------------------------- | --- | ---- | - | ---
|                                       |  | Three Months EndedMarch 31,
|                                       |  | 2009                        |     | 2008
|Research and development               |  | $                           | 117 |      | $ | 160
|Manufacturing and production           |  |                             | 45  |      |   | 56 
|General and administrative             |  |                             | 221 |      |   | 251
|                                       |  |                             |     |      |   |    
|Total stock-based compensation expense |  | $                           | 383 |      | $ | 467
|                                       |  |                             |     |      |   |    

During the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company granted stock-based awards
with a total estimated value of $1.3 million and $1.1 million, respectively. At March 31, 2009, total unrecognized estimated compensation expense related to unvested stock-based awards granted prior to that date was $2.1 million, which is
expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.5 years.



|3. | COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
|-- | ------------------

Comprehensive loss consists of
net loss and certain changes in equity that are excluded from net loss. Accumulated other comprehensive loss represents net unrealized loss on marketable securities. For the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, other comprehensive loss
was $4,000 and $0.2 million, respectively, and total comprehensive loss was $8.2 million and $9.8 million, respectively.



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|4. | OTHER BALANCE SHEET ACCOUNTS
|-- | ----------------------------

Accounts payable and
accrued expenses consisted of the following (in thousands):



|                                            |  |               |       |                  |   |      
|------------------------------------------- |  | ------------- | ----- | ---------------- | - | -----
|                                            |  | March 31,2009 |       | December 31,2008
|Employee compensation                       |  | $             | 1,172 |                  | $ | 2,575
|Clinical trial accruals                     |  |               | 2,326 |                  |   | 1,795
|Accounts payable                            |  |               | 606   |                  |   | 677  
|Other accrued liabilities                   |  |               | 1,274 |                  |   | 1,062
|                                            |  |               |       |                  |   |      
|Total accounts payable and accrued expenses |  | $             | 5,378 |                  | $ | 6,109
|                                            |  |               |       |                  |   |      



|5. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
|-- | -----------------------------

European Patent
1026253, covering a significant portion of the Companys core DNA delivery technology, was granted in September 2004. In September 2005, the 253 patent was opposed by eight parties. This 253 patent was revoked on formal grounds in
December 2008 under an initial ruling by the Opposition Division of the European Patent Office. The Company appealed this decision in April 2009; however, regardless of the ultimate outcome, the 253 patent will expire in March 2010. The
Company may use other issued patents and patent applications that are pending in Europe to protect its DNA delivery technology.

The
Company prosecutes its intellectual property estate vigorously to obtain the broadest valid scope for its patents. Due to uncertainty of the ultimate outcome of these matters, the impact on future operating results or the Companys financial
condition is not subject to reasonable estimates.

In the ordinary course of business, the Company may become a party to lawsuits involving
various matters. The Company is unaware of any such lawsuits presently pending against it which, individually or in the aggregate, are deemed to be material to the Companys financial condition or results of operations.



|6. | LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS
|-- | ---------------------

As of March 31, 2009,
the Company held $6.6 million (at par value) of auction rate securities which were classified as long-term investments. With the liquidity issues experienced in global credit and capital markets, these auction rate securities have experienced
multiple failed auctions as the amount of securities submitted for sale has exceeded the amount of purchase orders, and as a result, these affected securities are currently not liquid. All of the Companys auction rate securities are secured by
either student loans or municipal bonds. The student loans are backed by the full faith and credit of the federal government (up to approximately 98% of the value of the student loan). Additionally, all of the Companys auction rate securities
presently maintain credit ratings of AA- or AAA at March 31, 2009. All of these securities continue to pay interest according to their stated terms. While it is not the Companys intent to hold these securities until their stated ultimate
maturity dates, these investments are scheduled to ultimately mature between 2038 and 2043.

The valuation of the Companys auction
rate security investment portfolio is subject to uncertainties that are difficult to predict. The fair values of these securities are estimated utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis as of March 31, 2009. The key driver of the valuation
models is the expected term. Changes to this assumption of one year in either direction would have changed the valuation of these securities by approximately $0.2 million at March 31, 2009. Other items these analyses consider are the
collateralization underlying the security investments, the creditworthiness of the counterparty, the timing of expected future cash flows, and the expectation of the next time the security is expected to have a successful auction. These securities
were also compared, when possible, to other observable market data with similar characteristics to the securities held by the Company. Based on the valuation models of the individual securities, the Company has recognized cumulative losses of $1.2
million, of which $0.1 million was realized during the three months ended March 31, 2009. The current period loss is included in other income and expense. The carrying value of the auction rate securities at March 31, 2009 is
$5.3 million and is included in long-term investments. Any future decline in market value will result in additional losses being recognized.



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At present, in the event the Company needs to liquidate its auction rate securities that are in an
illiquid state, it may not be able to do so without the possible loss of principal until a future auction for these investments is successful, another secondary market evolves for these securities, they are redeemed by the issuer or they mature. If
the Company is unable to sell these securities in the market or they are not redeemed, then the Company could be required to hold them to maturity. The Company does not have a need to access these funds for operational purposes in the foreseeable
future. The Company will continue to monitor and evaluate these investments on an ongoing basis for impairment.



|7. | FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
|-- | -----------------------

The Company adopted SFAS
No. 157 on January 1, 2008. SFAS No. 157, among other things, defines fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure for each major asset and liability category measured at fair value on
either a recurring or nonrecurring basis. SFAS No. 157 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market
participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, SFAS No. 157
establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:



| |  |  | Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;
| | - |  | -------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Level 2: Inputs, other than the quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and
| | - |  | -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Level 3: Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.
| | - |  | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities and long-term investments measured at fair value as of March 31,
2009, are classified in the table below in one of the three categories described above (in thousands):



|                                           |  |                         |        |         |   |         |  |       |       |  |   |       
|------------------------------------------ |  | ----------------------- | ------ | ------- | - | ------- |  | ----- | ----- |  | - | ------
|                                           |  | Fair Value Measurements
|                                           |  | Level 1                 |        | Level 2 |   | Level 3 |  | Total
|Certificates of deposit                    |  | $                       | 5,232  |         | $ |        |  | $     |      |  | $ | 5,232 
|Money market funds                         |  |                         | 15,339 |         |   |        |  |       |      |  |   | 15,339
|U.S. treasuries                            |  |                         | 3,035  |         |   |        |  |       |      |  |   | 3,035 
|Government-sponsored enterprise securities |  |                         |       |         |   | 2,000   |  |       |      |  |   | 2,000 
|Corporate bonds                            |  |                         |       |         |   | 2,952   |  |       |      |  |   | 2,952 
|Auction rate securities                    |  |                         |       |         |   |        |  |       | 5,341 |  |   | 5,341 
|Corporate asset backed securities          |  |                         |       |         |   | 36      |  |       |      |  |   | 36    
|                                           |  |                         |        |         |   |         |  |       |       |  |   |       
|                                           |  | $                       | 23,606 |         | $ | 4,988   |  | $     | 5,341 |  | $ | 33,935
|                                           |  |                         |        |         |   |         |  |       |       |  |   |       

Activity for assets measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) is
presented in the table below (in thousands):



|                                                                                                                                                                                 |  |                                   |       |  
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |  | --------------------------------- | ----- | -
|                                                                                                                                                                                 |  | Three Months EndingMarch 31, 2009 |      
|Balance at December 31, 2008                                                                                                                                                     |  | $                                 | 5,410 |  
|Total unrealized losses included in earnings                                                                                                                                     |  |                                   | (91   | )
|Total unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income                                                                                                                    |  |                                   | 22    |  
|Net transfers in and/out of Level 3                                                                                                                                              |  |                                   |      |  
|                                                                                                                                                                                 |  |                                   |       |  
|Balance at March 31, 2009                                                                                                                                                        |  | $                                 | 5,341 |  
|                                                                                                                                                                                 |  |                                   |       |  
|Amount of total gains or losses for the period included in net loss attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at the reporting date |  | $                                 | (69   | )
|                                                                                                                                                                                 |  |                                   |       |  

Unrealized losses related to Level 3 assets included in earnings for the three months ended
March 31, 2009 are included in investment and other income.



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|ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
|------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, or Report, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including statements regarding our business, our financial position, the research and development of biopharmaceutical products based on our patented DNA delivery
technologies, the funding of our research and development efforts, and other statements describing our goals, expectations, intentions or beliefs. Such statements reflect our current views and assumptions and are subject to risks and uncertainties,
particularly those inherent in the process of developing and commercializing biopharmaceutical products based on our patented DNA delivery technologies. Actual results could differ materially from those projected herein. Factors that could cause or
contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, and in our other filings with the SEC, and those identified in Part II, Item 1A
entitled Risk Factors beginning on page 21 of this Report. As a result, you are cautioned not to rely on these forward-looking statements. We disclaim any duty to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances
that occur after the date on which such statement is made.

Overview

We research and develop biopharmaceutical products based on our patented DNA delivery technologies for the prevention and treatment of serious or life-threatening diseases. We believe the following areas of research
offer the greatest potential for near-term commercialization for us and our partners:



| |  |  | Vaccines for use in high-risk populations for infectious disease targets for which there are significant U.S. needs;
| | - |  | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Vaccines for general pediatric, adolescent and adult populations for infectious disease applications;
| | - |  | -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Cancer vaccines or immunotherapies which complement our existing programs and core expertise; and
| | - |  | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Gene-based delivery of therapeutic proteins, such as angiogenic growth factors, for treatment of cardiovascular disease.
| | - |  | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

We currently have three active independent clinical development programs in the areas of infectious disease and cancer including:



| |  |  | A Phase 3 clinical trial using our Allovectin-7®
immunotherapeutic in patients with metastatic melanoma which is being funded, up to certain limits, by AnGes MG, Inc., or AnGes, through cash payments and equity investments under a research and development agreement;
| | - |  | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | A Phase 2 clinical trial using TransVax, our cytomegalovirus, or CMV, therapeutic DNA vaccine, in patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplants,
including bone marrow transplants; and
| | - |  | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | A Phase 1 clinical trial using our H5N1 pandemic influenza DNA vaccine formulated with our proprietary Vaxfectin® adjuvant.
| | - |  | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

We have leveraged our patented technologies through
licensing and collaboration arrangements, such as our licensing arrangements with Merck & Co., Inc., or Merck, the sanofi-aventis Group, or sanofi-aventis, AnGes, Aqua Health Ltd. of Canada, or Aqua Health, an affiliate of Novartis Animal
Health, and Merial Limited, or Merial, a joint venture of Merck and sanofi-aventis, among other biopharmaceutical companies. Two of the licenses have resulted in the following two approvals in veterinary applications:



| |  |  | In 2005, the first product for one of our licensees utilizing our patented DNA delivery technology received approval for use in animals. Our licensee Aqua Health
received approval from the Canadian Food Inspection Agency to sell a DNA vaccine to protect farm-raised salmon against an infectious disease.
| | - |  | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | In 2007, our licensee Merial received conditional approval from the U.S. Department of Agriculture to market a therapeutic DNA vaccine designed to treat melanoma, a
serious form of cancer, in dogs. Merials vaccine is the first vaccine ever approved for therapeutic use.
| | - |  | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



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We believe these approvals are important steps in the validation of our DNA delivery technology.
Furthermore, our partner, AnGes, reported submission in March 2008 of a New Drug Application, or NDA, to the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare for Collategene, its DNA-based therapeutic product encoding the hepatocyte growth
factor, or HGF, for indications related to peripheral arterial disease, or PAD, and Buergers disease. If approved, Collategene would represent the first approval of a product based on our DNA delivery technology for use in humans.

In addition, we have licensed complementary technologies from leading research institutions, pharmaceutical companies, and the National
Institutes of Health, or NIH. We also have granted non-exclusive, academic licenses to our DNA delivery technology patent estate to ten leading research institutions including Stanford, Harvard, Yale and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
The non-exclusive academic licenses allow university researchers to use our technology free of charge for educational and internal, non-commercial research purposes. In exchange, we have the option to exclusively license from the universities
potential commercial use of our technology on terms to be negotiated.



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Product Development

We, together with our licensees and collaborators, are currently developing a number of DNA-based vaccines and therapeutics for the prevention or treatment of infectious diseases, cardiovascular diseases and cancer.
Our lead independent development programs focus on metastatic melanoma, CMV, and pandemic influenza. The table below summarizes our independent programs and corporate and government collaborations.



|                                                                                                 |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |  | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |  | ----------------------------------------- |  | ----------------------
|Product Concept                                                                                  |  | Intended Use                                                                                                                   |  | Development Status1                       |  | Lead Developer        
|Independent Programs                                                                             |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|Allovectin-7® cancer immunotherapeutic                                                           |  | First-line treatment for metastatic melanoma                                                                                   |  | Phase 3                                   |  | Vical                 
|                                                                                                 |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|TransVax therapeutic vaccinefor cytomegalovirus                                                 |  | Prevent viral reactivation and disease after transplant                                                                        |  | Phase 2                                   |  | Vical                 
|                                                                                                 |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|Prophylactic vaccine for H5N1pandemic influenza virus                                            |  | Protect against infection, disease, and/or viral shedding                                                                      |  | Phase 1 completed                         |  | Vical                 
|                                                                                                 |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|CyMVectin prophylacticvaccine for cytomegalovirus                                               |  | Prevent infection before and during pregnancy to preclude fetal transmission                                                   |  | Preclinical                               |  | Vical                 
|                                                                                                 |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|Therapeutic vaccine for herpessimplex type 2 virus                                               |  | Prevent recurring flare-ups to reduce viral shedding and transmission                                                          |  | Research                                  |  | Vical                 
|Corporate Collaborations                                                                         |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|Collategene angiogenictherapy encoding HepatocyteGrowth Factor                                  |  | Induce local growth of blood vessels to restore blood flow to limbs affected by ischemia                                       |  | NDA filed in Japan                        |  | AnGes                 
|                                                                                                 |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|Collategene angiogenictherapy encoding HepatocyteGrowth Factor                                  |  | Induce local growth of blood vessels to restore blood flow to limbs affected by ischemia                                       |  | Phase 2 completed in the United States    |  | AnGes                 
|                                                                                                 |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|Angiogenic therapy encodingHepatocyte Growth Factor                                              |  | Induce local growth of blood vessels to restore blood flow to heart affected by ischemia                                       |  | Phase 1 completed in the United States    |  | AnGes                 
|                                                                                                 |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|Angiogenic therapy encodingFibroblast Growth Factor 1                                            |  | Induce local growth of blood vessels to restore blood flow to limbs affected by ischemia                                       |  | Phase 3                                   |  | Sanofi-aventis        
|                                                                                                 |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|Apex-IHN® prophylactic vaccinefor infectious hematopoieticnecrosis virus                         |  | Protect farm-raised salmon from infection and disease when exposed to infected wild salmon                                     |  | Marketed in Canada                        |  | Aqua Health (Novartis)
|                                                                                                 |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|Therapeutic cancer vaccineencoding human tyrosinase                                              |  | Adjunct treatment to increase survival time of dogs with oral melanoma                                                         |  | Conditional approval in the United States |  | Merial                
|                                                                                                 |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|Therapeutic vaccine encoding carcinoembryonic antigenand human epidermal growthfactor receptor 2 |  | Treat breast, colorectal, ovarian or non-small cell lung cancer                                                                |  | Phase 1                                   |  | Merck                 
|                                                                                                 |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|Therapeutic vaccine encodinghuman telomerase reversetranscriptase                                |  | Treat non-small cell lung, breast or prostate cancer, melanoma, or carcinomas of the upper GI tract, colon, kidney, or bladder |  | Phase 1                                   |  | Merck                 
|                                                                                                 |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|Prophylactic and/or therapeutichepatitis C vaccine                                               |  | Prevent and/or treat infection, disease,and/or viral shedding                                                                  |  | Research                                  |  | Merck                 
|Government Collaborations                                                                        |  |                                                                                                                                |  |                                           |  |                       
|Prophylactic and/or therapeuticHIV vaccine                                                       |  | Prevent and/or treat infection, disease,and/or viral shedding                                                                  |  | Phase 2                                   |  | NIH                   



|1 | Research indicates exploration and/or evaluation of a potential product candidate in a nonclinical
laboratory setting. Preclinical indicates that a specific product candidate in a nonclinical setting has shown functional activity that is relevant to a targeted medical need, and is undergoing toxicology testing in preparation for
filing an Investigational New Drug, or IND, application. Phase 1 clinical trials are typically conducted with a small number of patients or healthy subjects to evaluate safety, determine a safe dosage range, identify side effects, and,
if possible, gain early evidence of effectiveness. Phase 2 clinical trials are conducted with a larger group of patients to evaluate effectiveness of an investigational drug for a defined patient population, and to determine common
short-term side effects and risks associated with the drug. Phase 3 clinical trials involve large scale, multi-center, comparative trials that are conducted with patients afflicted with a target disease to evaluate the overall
benefit-risk relationship of the investigational drug and to provide an adequate basis for product labeling.
|- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



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Recent Events

The following events have recently occurred with respect to our business:



| |  |  | We announced that an independent Safety Monitoring Board for our Phase 3 trial of Allovectin-7® in patients with metastatic melanoma completed the trials second scheduled safety analysis and recommended that the trial continue according to the protocol.
| | - |  | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | We announced that our patented adjuvant, Vaxfectin®, was
selected by R&D Directions editors for the magazines 8th annual list of 100 Great Investigational Drugs featured as the cover article in the March 2009 issue.
| | - |  | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | We presented clinical results and future goals for our TransVax cytomegalovirus and pandemic influenza vaccine programs at the 12th Annual Conference on
Vaccine Research sponsored by the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases and at the 5th World Health Organization Meeting on Evaluation of Pandemic Influenza Prototype Vaccines in Clinical Trials.
| | - |  | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | We announced the publication in the May 1 issue of the Journal of General Virology of data from preclinical studies
identifying potential targets for development of a herpes simplex virus type 2, which we intend to evaluate with our patented Vaxfectin® adjuvant.
| | - |  | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | We announced the issuance of U.S. Patent No. 7,470,675 covering the composition, delivery and use of gene-based interferon-omega. Interferon-omega is part of
the interferon family of proteins which are naturally produced by the immune system. Several interferons have been approved as treatments for infectious diseases, cancer and other diseases. They typically work by directing the immune system to
target foreign agents in the body and interrupt their normal growth processes.
| | - |  | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Research, Development and Manufacturing Programs

To date, we have not received revenues from the sale of our independently developed pharmaceutical products and have received minimal
revenues from the sale of commercially marketed products by our licensees. We earn revenues by performing services under research and development and manufacturing contracts, from grants and from licensing access to our proprietary technologies.
Since our inception, we estimate that we have received approximately $149.0 million in revenues from these sources. Revenues by source were as follows (in millions):



|                                       |  |                             |     |      |   |    
|-------------------------------------- |  | --------------------------- | --- | ---- | - | ---
|                                       |  | Three Months EndedMarch 31,
|Source                                 |  | 2009                        |     | 2008
|RapidResponse DNA manufacturing grant |  | $                           | 0.2 |      | $ | 0.3
|Other contracts and grants             |  |                             | 0.2 |      |   | 0.1
|                                       |  |                             |     |      |   |    
|Total contract and grant revenues      |  |                             | 0.4 |      |   | 0.4
|                                       |  |                             |     |      |   |    
|AnGes license                          |  |                             | 1.7 |      |   | 1.1
|Other royalties and licenses           |  |                             | 0.2 |      |   | 0.4
|                                       |  |                             |     |      |   |    
|Total royalty and license revenues     |  |                             | 1.9 |      |   | 1.5
|                                       |  |                             |     |      |   |    
|Total revenues                         |  | $                           | 2.3 |      | $ | 1.9
|                                       |  |                             |     |      |   |    



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Research, development, manufacturing and production costs by major program, as well as other costs were
as follows (in millions):



|                                                          |  |                             |     |      |   |    
|--------------------------------------------------------- |  | --------------------------- | --- | ---- | - | ---
|                                                          |  | Three Months EndedMarch 31,
|Program                                                   |  | 2009                        |     | 2008
|Allovectin-7®                                             |  | $                           | 5.0 |      | $ | 4.4
|CMV                                                       |  |                             | 1.8 |      |   | 1.0
|Pandemic influenza                                        |  |                             | 0.1 |      |   | 1.8
|Other research, development, manufacturing and production |  |                             | 1.8 |      |   | 2.5
|                                                          |  |                             |     |      |   |    
|Total research, development, manufacturing and production |  | $                           | 8.7 |      | $ | 9.7
|                                                          |  |                             |     |      |   |    

Since our inception, we estimate that we
have spent approximately $358 million on research, development, manufacturing and production. Our current independent development focus is on our cancer immunotherapeutic Allovectin-7®,
novel DNA vaccines for CMV and pandemic influenza, and other clinical and preclinical targets.

We are conducting a Phase 3 clinical trial using Allovectin-7® in patients with recurrent metastatic melanoma which is being funded, up to certain limits, by
AnGes through cash payments and equity investments under a research and development agreement. We are also in the early stages of clinical development of vaccine candidates for CMV and pandemic influenza and these programs will require significant
additional funding to advance through development to commercialization. From inception, we have spent approximately $100 million on our Allovectin-7® program, $47 million on our CMV
program, and $21 million on our pandemic influenza program.

We have other product candidates in the research stage. It can take many years
to develop product candidates from the initial decision to screen product candidates, perform preclinical and safety studies, and perform clinical trials leading up to possible approval of a product by the FDA or comparable foreign agencies. The
outcome of the research is unknown until each stage of the testing is completed, up through and including the registration clinical trials. Accordingly, we are unable to predict which potential product candidates we may proceed with, the time and
cost to complete development, and ultimately whether we will have a product approved by the FDA or comparable foreign agencies.

As a
result, we expect to incur substantial operating losses for at least the next several years, due primarily to the advancement of our research and development programs, the cost of preclinical studies and clinical trials, spending for outside
services, costs related to maintaining our intellectual property portfolio, costs due to manufacturing activities, costs related to our facilities, and possible advancement toward commercialization activities.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The
preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires that management make a number of assumptions and estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities,
revenues and expenses in our financial statements and accompanying notes. Management bases its estimates on historical information and assumptions believed to be reasonable. Although these estimates are based on managements best knowledge of
current events and circumstances that may impact us in the future, actual results may differ from these estimates.

Our critical accounting
policies are those that affect our financial statements materially and involve a significant level of judgment by management. Our critical accounting policies regarding revenue recognition are in the following areas: license and royalty agreements,
manufacturing contracts, and grant revenues. Our critical accounting policies also include recognition of research and development expenses and the valuation of long-lived and intangible assets.

Revenue Recognition

We
recognize revenue in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 13, Revenue Recognition and Emerging Issues Task Force No. 00-21, or EITF 00-21, Accounting for Revenue Arrangements with Multiple
Deliverables. Revenue is recognized when the four basic criteria of revenue recognition are met: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services rendered; (3) the fee is fixed or
determinable; and (4) collectability is reasonably assured.



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Contract Manufacturing Revenue. Our contract manufacturing arrangements typically require the
delivery of multiple lots of clinical vaccines. In accordance with EITF 00-21, we analyze our multiple element arrangements to determine whether the elements can be separated and accounted for individually as separate units of accounting. The
evaluation is performed at the inception of the arrangement. The delivered item(s) is considered a separate unit of accounting if all of the following criteria are met: (1) the delivered item(s) have standalone value to the customer;
(2) there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered item(s); and (3) if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item, delivery or performance of the undelivered item(s) is
considered probable and substantially in our control. If the delivered item does not have standalone value or we do not have objective or reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered component, the amount of revenue allocable to the
delivered item is deferred.

License and Royalty Revenue. Our license and royalty revenues are generated through agreements with
strategic partners. Nonrefundable, up-front license fees and milestone payments with standalone value that are not dependent on any future performance by us under the arrangements are recognized as revenue upon the earlier of when payments are
received or collection is assured, but are deferred if we have continuing performance obligations. If we have continuing involvement through contractual obligations under such agreement, such up-front fees are deferred and recognized over the period
for which we continue to have a performance obligation, unless all of the following criteria exist: (1) the delivered item(s) have standalone value to the customer; (2) there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the
undelivered item(s); and (3) if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item, delivery or performance of the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially in our control. If the delivered item
does not have standalone value or we do not have objective or reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered component, the amount of revenue allocable to the delivered item is deferred.

We recognize royalty revenues from licensed products when earned in accordance with the terms of the license agreements. Net sales figures used for
calculating royalties include deductions for costs of returns, cash discounts, and freight and warehousing, which may vary over the course of the license agreement. Payments received related to milestones are recognized as revenue upon the
achievement of the milestones as specified in the underlying agreements, which represent the culmination of the earnings process.

Government Research Grant Revenue.We recognize revenues from federal government research grants during the period in which the related expenditures are incurred.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses consist of expenses incurred in performing research and development activities including salaries and benefits, facilities and other overhead expenses, clinical trials, contract services and other outside
expenses. Research and development expenses are charged to operations as they are incurred.

We assess our obligations to make milestone
payments that may become due for licensed or acquired technology to determine whether the payments should be expensed or capitalized. We charge milestone payments to research and development expense when:



| |  |  | The technology is in the early stage of development and has no alternative uses;
| | - |  | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | There is substantial uncertainty of the technology or product being successful;
| | - |  | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | There will be difficulty in completing the remaining development; and
| | - |  | ---------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | There is substantial cost to complete the work.
| | - |  | -----------------------------------------------

Capitalization and Valuation of Long-Lived and Intangible Assets

Intangible assets with
finite useful lives consist of capitalized legal costs incurred in connection with patents, patent applications pending and technology license agreements. Payments to acquire a license to use a proprietary technology are capitalized if the
technology is expected to have alternative future use in multiple research and development projects. We amortize costs of approved patents, patent applications pending and license agreements over their estimated useful lives, or terms of the
agreements, whichever are shorter.

For patents pending, we amortize the costs over the shorter of a period of twenty years from the date
of filing the application or, if licensed, the term of the license agreement. We re-assess the useful lives of patents when they are issued, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the useful lives may have changed. For patents and
patent applications pending that we abandon, we charge the remaining unamortized accumulated costs to expense.



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Intangible assets and long-lived assets are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. If the review indicates that intangible assets or long-lived assets are not recoverable, their carrying amount would be reduced to fair value. Factors we consider important
that could trigger an impairment review include the following:



| |  |  | A significant change in the manner of our use of the acquired asset or the strategy for our overall business; and/or
| | - |  | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | A significant negative industry or economic trend.
| | - |  | --------------------------------------------------

In the event we determine that the carrying value of intangible assets or long-lived assets is not recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above indicators of impairment, we may be required to
record impairment charges for these assets. As of March 31, 2009, our largest group of intangible assets with finite lives includes patents and patents pending for our DNA delivery technology, consisting of intangible assets with a net carrying
value of approximately $2.9 million.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For information on the recent accounting pronouncements which may impact our business, see Note 1 of the Notes to Financial Statements included in this
Report.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, 2009, Compared with Three Months Ended March 31, 2008

Total Revenues. Total revenues increased $0.3 million, or 16.0%, to $2.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009, from $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. Our license and
royalty revenue increased by $0.4 million which was partially offset by a $0.1 million decrease in our contract and grant revenue. The increase in our license and royalty revenue was primarily the result of a $0.6 million increase in revenue related
to our Allovectin-7® license agreement with AnGes, which was partially offset by a decrease in royalty revenue.

Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses decreased $0.4
million, or 5.7%, to $6.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009, from $6.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. This decrease was primarily the result of lower personnel costs attributed to our November 2008 work
force reduction, which was partially offset by increased costs associated with our Allovectin-7® Phase 3 clinical trial.

Manufacturing and Production Expenses. Manufacturing and production expenses decreased $0.7 million, or 21.3%, to $2.4 million for the three
months ended March 31, 2009, from $3.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. This decrease was primarily the result of the deferral of $0.5 million in costs during the three months ended March 31, 2009, related to a
manufacturing contract.

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses decreased $0.4 million, or 18.6%,
to $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009, from $2.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. This decrease was primarily the result of lower personnel costs attributed to our November 2008 work force reduction.

Investment and Other Income. Investment and other income decreased $0.4 million, or 86.5%, to $0.1 million for the three months
ended March 31, 2009, from $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. This decrease was primarily the result of lower average cash and investment balances and lower rates of return on our investments during the three months
ended March 31, 2009.

Interest Expense. Interest expense decreased $9,000, or 90.0%, to $1,000 for the three months ended
March 31, 2009, from $10,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2008. The decrease was primarily the result of lower principal amounts outstanding on our equipment financing obligations.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Since our inception,
we have financed our operations primarily through private placements of preferred and common stock, public offerings of common stock, and revenues from our operations. From our inception through March 31, 2009, we have received approximately
$149.0 million in revenues from performing services under research and development and manufacturing contracts, from grants and from licensing access to our proprietary technologies, and we have raised net proceeds of approximately $300.3 million
from the sale of equity securities. Cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, including long-term investments and restricted securities, totaled $33.9 million at March 31, 2009, compared with $41.7 million at December 31, 2008.
The decrease in our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities for the three months ended March 31, 2009, was due primarily to the use of cash to fund our operations.



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Net cash used in operating activities was $7.5
million and $10.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The decrease in net cash used in operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2009, compared with the same period in the prior year,
was primarily the result of an increase in deferred revenue primarily related to our Allovectin-7® research and development contract with AnGes and a decrease in our net loss from
operations.

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities was $(0.5) million and $13.8 million for the three months ended
March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The decrease in cash provided by investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2009, compared with the same period in the prior year, was primarily the result of a decrease in net
maturities of investments.

Net cash used in financing activities was $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended
March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The decrease in cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2009, compared with the same period in the prior year, was primarily the result of a reduction in the principal
payments related to our equipment financing obligations.

All of our investment securities are classified as available-for-sale and
therefore reported on the balance sheet at market value. Our investment securities consist of high-grade auction rate securities, corporate debt securities and government agency securities. As of March 31, 2009, our long-term investments
included (at par value) $6.6 million of high-grade (AA- or AAA rated) auction rate securities secured by municipal bonds and student loans. Our auction rate securities are debt instruments with a long-term maturity and with an interest rate that is
reset in short intervals through auctions. The recent conditions in the global credit markets have prevented some investors from liquidating their holdings of auction rate securities because the amount of securities submitted for sale has exceeded
the amount of purchase orders for such securities. If there is insufficient demand for the securities at the time of an auction, the auction may not be completed and the interest rates may be reset to predetermined higher rates. When auctions for
these securities fail, the investments may not be readily convertible to cash until a future auction of these investments is successful or they are redeemed or mature.

Since February 2008, there has been insufficient demand at auction for all of our high-grade auction rate securities held at March 31, 2009. As a result, these affected securities are currently not liquid, and we
could be required to hold them until they are redeemed by the issuer or to maturity. As of March 31, 2009, we had recognized $1.2 million of losses related to those auction rate securities by adjusting their carrying value. Any future decline
in market value will result in additional losses being recognized.

The valuation of our auction rate security investment portfolio is
subject to uncertainties that are difficult to predict. The fair values of these securities are estimated utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis or other type of valuation model as of March 31, 2009. The key driver of the valuation models is
the expected term. Changes to this assumption of one year in either direction would have changed the valuation of these securities by approximately $0.2 million as of March 31, 2009. Other items these analyses consider are the collateralization
underlying the security investments, the creditworthiness of the counterparty, the timing of expected future cash flows, and the expectation of the next time the security is expected to have a successful auction. These securities were also compared,
when possible, to other observable market data with similar characteristics to the securities held by us.

Factors that may impact our
valuation include changes to credit ratings of the securities as well as to the underlying assets supporting those securities, rates of default of the underlying assets, underlying collateral value, discount rates, counterparty risk and ongoing
strength and quality of market credit and liquidity.

In the event we need to access the funds that are not currently liquid, we will not
be able to do so without the possible loss of principal, until a future auction for these investments is successful or they are redeemed by the issuer or they mature. If we are unable to sell these securities in the market or they are not redeemed,
then we may be required to hold them to maturity. We do not anticipate a need to access these funds for operational purposes for the foreseeable future. We will continue to monitor and evaluate these investments on an ongoing basis for impairment.
Based on our ability to access our cash and other short-term investments, our expected operating cash flows, and our other sources of cash, we do not anticipate that the potential illiquidity of these investments will affect our ability to execute
our current business plan.



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We expect to incur substantial additional research and development expenses, manufacturing and production
expenses, and general and administrative expenses, including continued increases in costs related to personnel, preclinical and clinical testing, outside services, facilities, intellectual property and possible commercialization. Our future capital
requirements will depend on many factors, including continued scientific progress in our research and development programs, the scope and results of preclinical testing and clinical trials, the time and costs involved in obtaining regulatory
approvals, the costs involved in filing, prosecuting, enforcing and defending patent claims, the impact of competing technological and market developments, the cost of manufacturing scale-up and validation, and possible commercialization activities
and arrangements. In an effort to reduce expenditures and focus our efforts on our most advanced product development programs, we initiated restructuring activities in November 2008. These activities included a work force reduction of approximately
20% and the accelerated closure of a research facility in January 2009. We expect these activities to result in approximately $3.7 million in annual savings. We may seek additional funding through research and development relationships with suitable
potential corporate collaborators. We may also seek additional funding through public or private financings. We have on file two effective shelf registration statements that in the aggregate allow us to raise up to an additional $111.6 million from
the sale of common or preferred stock. However, additional financing may not be available on favorable terms or at all. If additional funding is not available, we anticipate that our available cash and existing sources of funding will be adequate to
satisfy our cash needs through December 31, 2010.

Contractual Obligations

Under the Merck, sanofi-aventis, AnGes, Merial and Aqua Health agreements, we are required to pay up to 10% of certain initial upfront monetary payments,
and a small percentage of some royalty payments, to the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation. In addition, certain technology license agreements require us to make payments if we or our sublicensees advance products through clinical development. For
programs developed with the support of U.S. government funding, the U.S. government may have rights to resulting products without payment of royalties to us.

We may be required to make future payments to our licensors based on the achievement of milestones set forth in various in-licensing agreements. In most cases, these milestone payments are based on the achievement of
development or regulatory milestones, including the exercise of options to obtain licenses related to specific disease targets, commencement of various phases of clinical trials, filing of product license applications, approval of product licenses
from the FDA or a foreign regulatory agency, and the first commercial sale of a related product. Payment for the achievement of milestones under our in-license agreements is highly speculative and subject to a number of contingencies.

The aggregate amount of additional milestone payments that we could be required to pay under all of our in-license agreements in place at March 31,
2009, is approximately $21.4 million, of which approximately $11.4 million is related to our independent programs and corporate and government collaborations which are currently in clinical trials. These amounts assume that all remaining milestones
associated with the milestone payments are met. In the event that product license approval for any of the related products is obtained, we may be required to make royalty payments in addition to these milestone payments. Although we believe that
some of the milestones contained in our in-license agreements may be achieved, it is highly unlikely that a significant number of them will be achieved. Because the milestones are highly contingent and we have limited control over whether the
development and regulatory milestones will be achieved, we are not in a position to reasonably estimate how much, if any, of the potential milestone payments will ultimately be paid, or when. Additionally, under the in-license agreements, many of
the milestone events are related to progress in clinical trials which will take several years to achieve.

In addition, we have undertaken
certain commitments under license agreements with collaborators, and under indemnification agreements with our officers and directors. Under the license agreements with our collaborators, we have agreed to continue to maintain and defend the patent
rights licensed to the collaborators. Under the indemnification agreements with our officers and directors, we have agreed to indemnify those individuals for any expenses and liabilities in the event of a threatened, pending or actual investigation,
lawsuit, or criminal or investigative proceeding.

We have employment agreements that contain severance arrangements with each of our three
executive officers and four of our other executives. Under the agreements with the executive officers we are obligated to pay severance if we terminate the executive officers employment without cause, or if the executive officer
resigns for good reason, as defined in the agreements, within the periods set forth therein. The severance for the executive officers consists of continued base salary payments at the then-current rate, including the payment of health
insurance premiums, for the period specified in each agreement, which ranges from 12 to 18 months, plus a payment equal to between one and one and a half times the executives cash bonus in the previous year. In addition, the executive officers
receive accelerated vesting on all their unvested stock awards as if they had remained employed by us for between 12 and 18 months from the date of termination. In the event that the termination occurs within 24 months of a change in
control,



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as defined in the agreements, the severance for the executive officers consists of lump sum payments equal to between 18 and 24 months of base salary at the
then-current rate, the payment of health insurance premiums for the period specified in each agreement, which ranges from 12 to 18 months, plus a payment equal to between one and one and a half times the executives cash bonus in the previous
year. In addition, all outstanding unvested stock awards will vest immediately. The severance for the other executives consists of continued payments at the then-current base compensation rate for a period of six months. All of the agreements
specify that any earnings from employment or consulting during this period will offset any salary continuation payments due from us. The maximum payments due under these employment agreements would have been $2.8 million if each such executive
officer and other executive was terminated at March 31, 2009.



|ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
|------- | ----------------------------------------------------------

We are subject to interest rate risk. Our investment portfolio is maintained in accordance with our investment policy which defines allowable investments, specifies credit quality standards and limits the credit
exposure of any single issuer. Our investment portfolio consists of cash equivalents, both restricted and non-restricted, and marketable securities. The average maturity of our non-equity investments, excluding our auction rate securities, is
approximately four months. Our investments are classified as available-for-sale securities.

To assess our interest rate risk, we performed
a sensitivity analysis projecting an ending fair value of our cash equivalents and current marketable securities using the following assumptions: a 12-month time horizon, a 9-month average maturity and a 150-basis-point increase in interest rates.
This pro forma fair value would have been $0.1 million lower than the reported fair value of our non-equity investments at March 31, 2009.

All of our investment securities are classified as available-for-sale and therefore reported on the balance sheet at market value. Our investment securities consist of high-grade auction rate securities, corporate
debt securities and government agency securities. As of March 31, 2009, our long-term investments included (at par value) $6.6 million of high-grade (AA- or AAA rated) auction rate securities secured by municipal bonds and student loans. Our
auction rate securities are debt instruments with a long-term maturity and with an interest rate that is reset in short intervals through auctions. The recent conditions in the global credit markets have prevented some investors from liquidating
their holdings of auction rate securities because the amount of securities submitted for sale has exceeded the amount of purchase orders for such securities. If there is insufficient demand for the securities at the time of an auction, the auction
may not be completed and the interest rates may be reset to predetermined higher rates. When auctions for these securities fail, the investments may not be readily convertible to cash until a future auction of these investments is successful or they
are redeemed or mature.

Since February 2008, there has been insufficient demand at auction for all of our high-grade auction rate
securities held at March 31, 2009. As a result, these affected securities are currently not liquid, and we could be required to hold them until they are redeemed by the issuer or to maturity. As of March 31, 2009, we had recognized $1.2
million of losses related to those auction rate securities by adjusting their carrying value. Any future decline in market value will result in additional losses being recognized.

The valuation of our auction rate security investment portfolio is subject to uncertainties that are difficult to predict. The fair values of these
securities are estimated utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis or other type of valuation model as of March 31, 2009. The key driver of the valuation models is the expected term. Changes to this assumption of one year in either direction
could impact the valuation of these securities by approximately $0.2 million. Other items these analyses consider are the collateralization underlying the security investments, the creditworthiness of the counterparty, the timing of expected future
cash flows, and the expectation of the next time the security is expected to have a successful auction. These securities were also compared, when possible, to other observable market data with similar characteristics to the securities held by us.

Factors that may impact our valuation include changes to credit ratings of the securities as well as to the underlying assets supporting
those securities, rates of default of the underlying assets, underlying collateral value, discount rates, counterparty risk and ongoing strength and quality of market credit and liquidity.

In the event we need to access the funds that are not currently liquid, we will not be able to do so without the possible loss of principal, until a
future auction for these investments is successful or they are redeemed by the issuer or they mature. If we are unable to sell these securities in the market or they are not redeemed, then we may be required to hold them to maturity. We do not
anticipate a need to access these funds for operational purposes for the foreseeable future. We will continue to monitor and evaluate these investments on an ongoing basis for impairment. Based on our ability to access our cash and other short-term
investments, our expected operating cash flows, and our other sources of cash, we do not anticipate that the potential illiquidity of these investments will affect our ability to execute our current business plan.



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|ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
|------- | -----------------------

Conclusion Regarding the
Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our
principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as of the
end of the period covered by this Report. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2009.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended March 31, 2009, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial
reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION



|ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS
|-------- | ------------

You should consider carefully
the risks described below, together with all of the other information included in this Report, and in our other filings with the SEC, before deciding whether to invest in or continue to hold our common stock. The risks described below are all
material risks currently known, expected or reasonably foreseeable by us. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flow could be seriously harmed. This could cause the trading price of
our common stock to decline, resulting in a loss of all or part of your investment.

The risk factors set forth below with an asterisk
(*) next to the title are new risk factors or risk factors containing changes, including any material changes, from the risk factors previously disclosed in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2008, as filed with the SEC.

(*)None of our independently developed product candidates has been approved for sale, and we have a
limited number of independently developed product candidates in clinical trials. If we do not develop commercially successful products, we may be forced to curtail or cease operations.

All of our independently developed product candidates are either in research or development. We must conduct a substantial amount of additional research
and development before any U.S. or foreign regulatory authority will approve any of our product candidates. Limited data exist regarding the efficacy of DNA vaccines or therapeutics compared with conventional vaccines or therapeutics. Results of our
research and development activities may indicate that our product candidates are unsafe or ineffective. In this case, regulatory authorities will not approve them.

For example, our independently developed product candidates currently in ongoing clinical
evaluation include Allovectin-7®, for which we announced the initiation of Phase 3 clinical testing in 2007, our CMV vaccine, for which we completed enrollment of a Phase 2 clinical study
in 2008, and our pandemic influenza vaccine, for which we completed a Phase 1 study in 2008. We may not be able to enroll sufficient patients in a timely manner and we may not meet the primary endpoint of the Allovectin-7® trial for which a Special Protocol Assessment agreement is in place with the FDA. We may not conduct additional CMV vaccine trials and our CMV vaccine may not elicit sufficient immune responses in humans. We may not
conduct additional pandemic influenza trials, and the future trials, if any, may not demonstrate sufficient efficacy to support further product development.

Additionally, we are in early stages of development with other product candidates. These product candidates will require significant costs to advance through the development stages. If such product candidates are
advanced through clinical trials, the results of such trials may not support approval by the FDA or comparable foreign agencies. Even if approved, our products may not be commercially successful, particularly if they do not gain market acceptance
among physicians, patients, healthcare payers and relevant medical communities. If we fail to develop and commercialize our products, we may be forced to curtail or cease operations.



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Our revenues partially depend on the development and commercialization of products in collaboration
with others to whom we have licensed our technologies or on whom we rely to support our development and commercialization efforts. If our collaborators or licensees are not successful or cease to support our development and commercialization
efforts, or if we are unable to find collaborators or licensees in the future, we may not be able to derive revenues from these arrangements or may be forced to curtail our development and commercialization of certain products.

We have licensed, and may continue to license, our technologies to corporate collaborators and
licensees for the research, development and commercialization of specified product candidates. Our revenues partially depend upon the performance by these collaborators and licensees of their responsibilities under these arrangements. In addition,
we have entered into a research and development agreement with AnGes, pursuant to which we rely on AnGes to fund the Phase 3 clinical trial of our cancer immunotherapeutic, Allovectin-7®,
through cash payments and equity investments.

Some collaborators or licensees may not succeed in their product development efforts, such
as our former licensee, Corautus Genetics Inc., who discontinued development efforts of a product for which they had licensed our core DNA delivery technology for specific cardiovascular applications. Other collaborators or licensees may not devote
sufficient time or resources to the programs covered by these arrangements, causing us to derive little or no revenue from these arrangements, or may cease to support our development and commercialization efforts.

Our collaborators and licensees may breach or terminate their agreements with us, including some that may terminate their agreements without cause at any
time subject to certain prior written notice requirements, and we may be unsuccessful in entering into and maintaining other collaborative arrangements for the development and commercialization of products using our technologies. If we are unable to
maintain existing collaboration arrangements or enter into new ones, our ability to generate licensing, milestone or royalty revenues would be materially impaired.

Some of our independent product candidates and some of those under development by our sublicensees incorporate technologies we have licensed from others. If we are unable to retain rights to use these
technologies, we or our sublicensees may not be able to market products incorporating these technologies on a commercially feasible basis, if at all.

We have licensed certain technologies from corporate collaborators and research institutions, and sublicensed certain of such technologies to others, for use in the research, development and commercialization of
product candidates. Our product development efforts and those of our sublicensees partially depend upon continued access to these technologies. For example, we or our licensors may breach or terminate our agreements, or disagree on interpretations
of those agreements, which could prevent continued access to these technologies. If we were unable to resolve such matters on satisfactory terms, or at all, we or our sublicensees may be unable to develop and commercialize our products, and we may
be forced to curtail or cease operations.

A significant portion of our revenue is derived from agreements with government agencies,
which are subject to termination and uncertain future funding.

We have entered into agreements with government agencies, such as
the NIH, and we intend to continue entering into these agreements in the future. For example, we receive grants from governmental agencies and have in the past entered into agreements to manufacture vaccines for such agencies. Our business is
partially dependent on the continued performance by these government agencies of their responsibilities under these agreements, including adequate continued funding of the agencies and their programs. We have no control over the resources and
funding that government agencies may devote to these agreements, which may be subject to annual renewal and which generally may be terminated by the government agencies at any time. For example, our 2003 subcontract agreement to manufacture bulk DNA
vaccines for the VRC expired in July 2007. We do not expect to receive future material orders for the manufacture of bulk DNA from the subcontractor as the subcontractor has built its own DNA vaccine manufacturing facility to meet the future
manufacturing needs of the VRC.

Government agencies may fail to perform their responsibilities under these agreements, which may cause
them to be terminated by the government agencies. In addition, we may fail to perform our responsibilities under these agreements. Many of our government agreements are subject to audits which may occur several years after the period to which the
audit relates. If an audit identifies significant unallowable costs, we could incur a material charge to our earnings or reduction in our cash position. As a result, we may be unsuccessful entering or ineligible to enter into future government
agreements.

We apply for and have received funding from various government agencies. Eligibility of public companies to receive grants,
such as Small Business Technology Transfer and Small Business Innovation Research grants, may be based on size and ownership criteria which are under review by the Small Business Administration, or SBA. As a result, our eligibility may change in the
future, and additional funding from these sources may not be available.



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(*)We have a history of net losses. We expect to continue to incur net losses and we may not
achieve or maintain profitability.

To date, we have not sold, or received approval to sell, any pharmaceutical products. We do not
expect to sell any pharmaceutical products for at least the next several years. Our net losses were approximately $36.9 million, $35.9 million and $23.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. As of
March 31, 2009, we had incurred cumulative net losses totaling approximately $267.1 million. Moreover, we expect that our net losses will continue and may increase for the foreseeable future. We may not be able to achieve projected results if
we generate lower revenues or receive lower investment income than expected, or we incur greater expenses than expected, or all of the above. We may never generate sufficient product revenue to become profitable. We also expect to have
quarter-to-quarter fluctuations in revenues, expenses, and losses, some of which could be significant.

(*)We may need additional
capital in the future. If additional capital is not available, we may have to curtail or cease operations.

We may need to raise
more money to continue the research and development necessary to bring our products to market and to establish marketing and additional manufacturing capabilities. We may seek additional funds through public and private stock offerings, government
contracts and grants, arrangements with corporate collaborators, borrowings under lease lines of credit or other sources. We have on file two effective shelf registration statements that in the aggregate allow us to raise up to an additional $111.6
million from the sale of common or preferred stock. However, we may not be able to raise additional funds on favorable terms, or at all. Recently, the credit markets and the financial services industry have been experiencing a period of
unprecedented turmoil and upheaval characterized by the bankruptcy, failure, collapse or sale of various financial institutions and an unprecedented level of intervention from the United States federal government. These events have generally made
equity and debt financing more difficult to obtain, and may negatively impact our ability to complete financing transactions. To the extent that we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, our stockholders may experience significant
dilution. Any debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants, such as limitations on our ability to incur additional indebtedness and other operating restrictions that could adversely impact our ability to conduct our business.

If we are unable to obtain additional funds, we may have to scale back our development of new products, reduce our workforce or license to
others products or technologies that we otherwise would seek to commercialize ourselves. For example, in November 2008, in an effort to reduce expenditures, we announced a strategic restructuring whereby we reduced our workforce by approximately 20%
and have accelerated the closure of a research facility. The amount of money we may need would depend on many factors, including:



| |  |  | The progress of our research and development programs;
| | - |  | ------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | The scope and results of our preclinical studies and clinical trials; and
| | - |  | -------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | The time and costs involved in: obtaining necessary regulatory approvals; filing, prosecuting and enforcing patent claims; scaling up our manufacturing
capabilities; and the commercial arrangements we may establish.
| | - |  | -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Our restructuring activities could result in
management distractions, operational disruptions and other difficulties.

In an effort to reduce expenditures and focus our efforts
on our most advanced product development programs, we initiated restructuring activities in November 2008. These activities included a work force reduction of approximately 20% and the accelerated closure of a research facility. Employees whose
positions were eliminated in connection with the workforce reduction may seek future employment with our competitors. Although all employees are required to sign a confidentiality agreement with us at the time of hire, we cannot assure you that the
confidential nature of our proprietary information will be maintained in the course of such future employment. Any additional restructuring efforts could divert the attention of our management away from our operations, harm our reputation and
increase our expenses. We cannot assure you that we will not undertake additional restructuring activities, that any of our restructuring efforts will be successful, or that we will be able to realize the cost savings and other anticipated benefits
from our previous or future restructuring plans. In addition, if we continue to reduce our workforce and facilities, it may adversely impact our ability to respond rapidly to any new growth opportunities.



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The regulatory approval process is expensive, time consuming and uncertain, which may prevent us
and our collaborators and licensees from obtaining required approvals for the commercialization of our products.

Our product
candidates under development and those of our collaborators and licensees are subject to extensive and rigorous regulations by numerous governmental authorities in the United States and other countries. The regulations are evolving and uncertain.
The regulatory process can take many years and require us to expend substantial resources. For example:



| |  |  | The FDA has provided only limited guidelines concerning the scope of clinical trials required for gene-based therapeutic and vaccine products;
| | - |  | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | The FDA has provided only limited guidance on how many subjects it will require to be enrolled in clinical trials to establish the safety and efficacy of gene-based
products; and
| | - |  | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Current regulations and guidelines are subject to substantial review by various governmental agencies.
| | - |  | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Therefore, U.S. or foreign regulations could prevent or delay regulatory approval of our products or limit our and our collaborators and licensees
ability to develop and commercialize our products. Delays could:



| |  |  | Impose costly procedures on our activities and those of our collaborators and licensees;
| | - |  | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Diminish any competitive advantages that we or our products attain; or
| | - |  | ----------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Negatively affect our results of operations and cash flows.
| | - |  | -----------------------------------------------------------

We have no experience in filing a Biologics License Application, or BLA, with the FDA. Because a BLA must be filed with and approved by the FDA before a biologic product may be commercialized, our lack of
experience may impede our ability to obtain FDA approval in a timely manner, if at all, for our products, which in turn would delay or prevent us from commercializing those products. Similarly, our lack of experience with respect to obtaining
regulatory approvals in countries other than the United States may impede our ability to commercialize our products in those countries.

We
believe that the FDA and comparable foreign regulatory bodies will regulate separately each product containing a particular gene depending on its intended use. Presently, to commercialize any product we and our collaborators and licensees must
sponsor and file a regulatory application for each proposed use. We and our collaborators and licensees must conduct clinical studies to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of the product necessary to obtain FDA approval. The results obtained
so far in our clinical trials and those of our collaborators and licensees may not be replicated in ongoing or future trials. This may prevent any of our potential products from receiving FDA approval.

We use recombinant DNA molecules in our product candidates, and therefore we and our collaborators and licensees also must comply with guidelines
instituted by the NIH and its Office of Biotechnology Activities. The NIH could restrict or delay the development of our product candidates.

If any of our product candidates receive regulatory approval, the FDA or other foreign regulatory agencies may still impose significant restrictions on the indicated uses or marketing of our product candidates or impose ongoing requirements
for potentially costly post-approval studies. In addition, regulatory agencies subject a product, its manufacturer and the manufacturers facilities to continual review and periodic inspections. If a regulatory agency discovers previously
unknown problems with a product, including adverse events of unanticipated severity or frequency, or problems with the facility where the product is manufactured, a regulatory agency may impose restrictions on that product, our collaborators and
licensees or us, including requiring withdrawal of the product from the market. Our product candidates will also be subject to ongoing FDA and other foreign regulatory agency requirements for the labeling, packaging, storage, advertising, promotion,
record-keeping and submission of safety and other post-market information on the product. If we or our collaborators and licensees fail to maintain regulatory compliance after receiving marketing approval, we or our collaborators and licensees may
be unable to market our products and our business could suffer.

Adverse events or the perception of adverse events in the field of
gene therapy, or with respect to our product candidates, may negatively impact regulatory approval or public perception of our products.

The commercial success of some of our product candidates will depend in part on public acceptance of the use of gene therapy for preventing or treating human diseases. Serious adverse events, including patient deaths, have occurred in
clinical trials utilizing viral delivery systems to deliver therapeutic genes to the patients targeted cells. Although none of our current products or studies



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utilize viral delivery systems, these adverse events, as well as any other adverse events in the field of gene therapy that may occur in the future, may
negatively influence public perception of gene therapy in general. If public perception is influenced by claims that gene therapy is unsafe, our product candidates may not be accepted by the general public or the medical community.

Future adverse events in gene therapy or the biotechnology industry could also result in greater governmental regulation, stricter labeling requirements
and potential regulatory delays in the testing or approval of our potential products. Any increased scrutiny could delay or increase the costs of our product development efforts or clinical trials. In addition, any adverse events that may occur in
our clinical trials and any resulting publicity may cause regulatory delays or otherwise affect our product development efforts or clinical trials. FDA rules require that unexpected serious adverse events that cannot be definitely excluded as
related to the product be reported in an expedited manner. Expedited reporting of serious adverse events for gene therapy products are also required to be reported to the NIH. The NIH releases this information to the public, which may negatively
influence public perception of gene therapy products.

Some of our potential
products may be administered to patients who are suffering from, or are vulnerable to, serious diseases or other conditions which can themselves be life-threatening and often result in the death of the patient. For example, one patient in our
Allovectin-7® Phase 2 trial conducted in 2000, died from progressive disease more than two months after receiving Allovectin-7®
and other cancer therapies. The death was originally reported as unrelated to the treatment. Following an autopsy, the death was reclassified as probably related to the treatment because the possibility could not be ruled out. We do not
believe Allovectin-7® was a significant factor in the patients death. Patient deaths in our clinical trials, even if caused by pre-existing diseases or conditions, could negatively
affect the perception of our product candidates. In addition, in our CMV Phase 2 trial, we have administered our investigational CMV vaccine to patients who are at risk of CMV reactivation. Although we do not believe our vaccine candidates could
cause the diseases they are designed to protect against, a temporal relationship between vaccination and disease onset could be perceived as causal. Some of our products are designed to stimulate immune responses, and those responses, if
particularly strong or uncontrolled, could result in local or systemic adverse events.

(*)Our patents and proprietary rights may not
provide us with any benefit and the patents of others may prevent us from commercializing our products.

We are the assignee or
co-assignee of 63 issued U.S. and foreign patents. We maintain our issued patents by paying maintenance fees to the patent office in each country when due. Where appropriate, we participate in legal proceedings to vigorously defend against the
revocation or withdrawal of our patents. The scope and nature of these proceedings generally differ depending on the country in which they are initiated. Among these issued patents, a granted patent in Europe related to our core DNA delivery
technology has been opposed by eight parties and revoked under an initial ruling which we are appealing; a patent granted in Europe covering a range of applications of our core DNA delivery technology using cationic lipid formulations was opposed,
maintained in amended form, and was subject to an appeal which was recently withdrawn, resulting in the reinstatement of the patent; and a patent granted in Europe covering gene-based, extra-tumoral delivery of any cytokine for the treatment of
cancer has also been opposed, and has since been withdrawn by us in favor of filing a new divisional application. If we are not successful in defending our patents, we may lose all or part of our proprietary rights related to those patents in these
geographic regions.

We are also prosecuting 91 pending patent applications in the United States and in foreign countries that cover
various aspects of our proprietary technologies, not including patent applications for which we are a co-assignee and that are being prosecuted by our partners. Eight of the pending foreign patent applications are international patent applications
under the Patent Cooperation Treaty, each of which preserves our right to pursue national-phase patent applications in a large number of foreign countries.

We may not receive any patents from our current patent applications. Issued patents provide exclusivity for only a limited time period, after which they no longer serve to protect proprietary technologies or to
provide any commercial advantage. Moreover, if patents are issued to us, governmental authorities may not allow claims sufficient to protect our technologies and products. Finally, others may challenge or seek to circumvent or invalidate our
patents. In that event, the rights granted under our patents may be inadequate to protect our proprietary technologies or to provide any commercial advantage.

Some components of our gene-based product candidates are, or may become, patented by others. As a result, we may be required to obtain licenses to conduct research, to manufacture, or to market such products. Licenses
may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, which may impede our ability to commercialize our products.



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In March 2004, the NIH Office of Biotechnology Activities and the FDA Center for Biologics Evaluation and
Research launched the jointly developed Genetic Modification Clinical Research Information System, or GeMCRIS, an Internet-based database of human gene transfer trials. GeMCRIS enables individuals to easily view information on
particular characteristics of clinical gene transfer trials. Although GeMCRIS includes special security features designed to protect patient privacy and confidential commercial information, these security features may be inadequately designed or
enforced, potentially resulting in disclosure of confidential commercial information. In addition, the NIH, in collaboration with the FDA, has developed an Internet site, ClinicalTrials.gov, which provides public access to information on clinical
trials for a wide range of diseases and conditions. The FDA and the NIH subsequently implemented rules and regulations that require public disclosure of additional commercial development data that previously was confidential. Future disclosures of
such confidential commercial information may result in loss of advantage of competitive secrets.

The legal proceedings to obtain and
defend patents, and litigation of third-party claims of intellectual property infringement, could require us to spend money and could impair our operations.

Our success will depend in part on our ability to obtain patent protection for our products and processes, both in the United States and in other countries. The patent positions of biotechnology and pharmaceutical
companies, however, can be highly uncertain and involve complex legal and factual questions. Therefore, it is difficult to predict the breadth of claims allowed in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical fields.

We also rely on confidentiality agreements with our corporate collaborators, employees, consultants and certain contractors to protect our proprietary
technologies. However, these agreements may be breached and we may not have adequate remedies for such breaches. In addition, our trade secrets may otherwise become known or independently discovered by our competitors.

Protecting intellectual property rights can be very expensive. Litigation may be necessary to enforce patents issued to us or to determine the scope and
validity of third-party proprietary rights. Moreover, if a competitor were to file a patent application claiming technology also invented by us, we would have to participate in an interference proceeding before the U.S. Patent and Trademark
Office to determine the priority of the invention. We may be drawn into interferences with third parties or may have to provoke interferences ourselves to unblock third-party patent rights to allow us or our licensees to commercialize products based
on our technologies. Litigation could result in substantial costs and the diversion of managements efforts regardless of the results of the litigation. An unfavorable result in litigation could subject us to significant liabilities to third
parties, require disputed rights to be licensed or require us to cease using some technologies.

Our products and processes may infringe,
or be found to infringe, patents not owned or controlled by us. Patents held by others may require us to alter our products or processes, obtain licenses, or stop activities. If relevant claims of third-party patents are upheld as valid and
enforceable, we could be prevented from practicing the subject matter claimed in the patents, or may be required to obtain licenses or redesign our products or processes to avoid infringement. In addition, we could be required to pay money damages.
A number of genetic sequences or proteins encoded by genetic sequences that we are investigating are, or may become, patented by others. As a result, we may have to obtain licenses to test, use or market these products. Our business will suffer if
we are not able to obtain licenses at all or on terms commercially reasonable to us and we are not able to redesign our products or processes to avoid infringement.

We have incurred costs in several legal proceedings involving our intellectual property rights in Europe, Japan and Canada. We may continue to incur costs to defend and prosecute patents and patent applications in
these and other regions.

Competition and technological change may make our product candidates and technologies less attractive or
obsolete.

We compete with companies, including major pharmaceutical and biotechnology firms, that are pursuing other forms of
treatment or prevention for diseases that we target. We also may experience competition from companies that have acquired or may acquire technologies from universities and other research institutions. As these companies develop their technologies,
they may develop proprietary positions which may prevent us from successfully commercializing products.

Some of our competitors are
established companies with greater financial and other resources than we have. Other companies may succeed in developing products and obtaining regulatory approval from the FDA or comparable foreign agencies faster than we do, or in developing
products that are more effective than ours. Research and development by others may seek to render our technologies or products obsolete or noncompetitive or result in treatments or cures superior to any therapeutics developed by us.



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If we lose our key personnel or are unable to attract and retain additional personnel, we may not
be able to achieve our business objectives.

We are highly dependent on our principal scientific, manufacturing, clinical,
regulatory and management personnel, including Vijay B. Samant, our President and Chief Executive Officer. The loss of the services of these individuals might significantly delay or prevent the achievement of our objectives. We do not maintain
key person life insurance on any of our personnel. We depend on our continued ability to attract, retain and motivate highly qualified management and scientific personnel. We face competition for qualified individuals from other
companies, academic institutions, government entities and other organizations in attracting and retaining personnel. To pursue our product development plans, we may need to hire additional management personnel and additional scientific personnel to
perform research and development, as well as additional personnel with expertise in clinical trials, government regulation and manufacturing. However, due to the reasons noted above, we may not be successful in hiring or retaining qualified
personnel and therefore we may not be able to achieve our business objectives.

We have limited experience in manufacturing our
product candidates in commercial quantities. We may not be able to comply with applicable manufacturing regulations or produce sufficient product for contract or commercial purposes.

The commercial manufacturing of vaccines and other biological products is a time-consuming and complex process, which must be performed in compliance
with the FDAs current Good Manufacturing Practices, or cGMP, regulations. We may not be able to comply with the cGMP regulations, and our manufacturing process may be subject to delays, disruptions or quality control problems. In addition, we
may need to complete the installation and validation of additional large-scale fermentation and related purification equipment to produce the quantities of product expected to be required for commercial purposes. We have limited experience in
manufacturing at this scale. Noncompliance with the cGMP regulations, the inability to complete the installation or validation of additional large-scale equipment, or other problems with our manufacturing process may limit or delay the development
or commercialization of our product candidates, and cause us to breach our contract manufacturing service arrangements.

We currently
depend on third parties to conduct our clinical trials and may initially depend on third parties to manufacture our product candidates commercially.

We currently rely on third parties, including clinical research organizations, to perform critical services for us in connection with our clinical trials. Clinical research organizations are responsible for many
aspects of the trials, including finding and enrolling subjects for testing and administering the trials. Although we rely on these third parties to conduct our clinical trials, we are responsible for ensuring that each of our clinical trials is
conducted in accordance with its protocol and applicable regulations, including good clinical practices. Our reliance on third parties does not relieve us of these responsibilities and requirements. These third parties may not comply with all
regulatory and contractual requirements or may not otherwise perform their services in a timely or acceptable manner, and we may need to enter into new arrangements with alternative third parties and our clinical trials may be extended, delayed or
terminated. In addition, if such third parties fail to perform their obligations in compliance with our clinical trial protocols or applicable regulations, our clinical trials may not meet regulatory requirements or may need to be repeated. These
risks also apply to the development activities of our collaborators and licensees, and we do not control our collaborators and licensees research and development, clinical trials or regulatory activities.

We may also initially depend on collaborators, licensees or other third parties to manufacture our product candidates in commercial quantities. There are
a limited number of third parties that could manufacture our product candidates. We may be unable to enter into any arrangement for the commercial manufacture of our product candidates, and any arrangement we secure may not meet our requirements for
manufacturing quality or quantity. Our dependence on third parties for the commercial manufacture of our product candidates may also reduce our profit margins and our ability to develop and deliver products in a timely manner.

We have no marketing or sales experience, and if we are unable to develop our own sales and marketing capability, we may not be successful in
commercializing our products.

Our current strategy is to market our proprietary products directly in the United States, but we
currently do not possess pharmaceutical marketing or sales capabilities. To market and sell our proprietary products, we will need to develop a sales force and a marketing group with relevant pharmaceutical experience, or make appropriate
arrangements with strategic partners to market and sell these products. Developing a marketing and sales force is expensive and time-consuming and could delay any product launch. If we are unable to successfully employ qualified marketing and sales
personnel or develop other sales and marketing capabilities, we may not be able to generate sufficient product revenue to become profitable.



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Healthcare reform and restrictions on reimbursement may limit our returns on potential products.

Our ability to earn sufficient returns on our products will depend in part on how much, if any, reimbursement for our products and
related treatments will be available from:



| |  |  | Government health administration authorities;
| | - |  | ---------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Government agencies procuring biodefense products for military or public use, including some for which we may become a sole-source vendor;
| | - |  | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Private health coverage insurers;
| | - |  | ---------------------------------



| |  |  | Managed care organizations; and
| | - |  | -------------------------------



| |  |  | Other organizations.
| | - |  | --------------------

If we fail to
obtain appropriate reimbursement, we could be prevented from successfully commercializing our potential products. There are efforts by governmental and third-party payers to contain or reduce the costs of healthcare through various means, including
the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003, which provides Medicare prescription drug benefits and mandates other reforms. We expect that there will continue to be a number of legislative proposals to implement
government controls. The adoption of such proposals or reforms could impair our business.

Additionally, third-party payers are
increasingly challenging the price of medical products and services. If purchasers or users of our products are not able to obtain adequate reimbursement for the cost of using our products, they may forego or reduce their use. Significant
uncertainty exists as to the reimbursement status of newly approved healthcare products, and whether adequate third-party coverage will be available.

We use hazardous materials in our business. Any claims relating to improper handling, storage or disposal of these materials could be time consuming and costly.

Our research and development processes involve the controlled storage, use and disposal of hazardous materials and biological materials. Our hazardous
materials include certain compressed gases, flammable liquids, acids and bases, and other toxic compounds. We are subject to federal, state and local regulations governing the use, manufacture, storage, handling and disposal of materials and waste
products. Although we believe that our safety procedures for handling and disposing of these hazardous materials comply with the standards prescribed by law and regulation, the risk of accidental contamination or injury from hazardous materials
cannot be completely eliminated. In the event of an accident, we could be held liable for any damages that result. We have insurance that covers our use of hazardous materials with the following coverage limits: up to $25,000 per occurrence for
losses related to the release of bio-contaminants, $1 million per occurrence for losses from refrigerant contamination and $25,000 per occurrence for losses from radioactive contamination. Any liability could exceed the limits or fall outside the
coverage of our insurance. We could incur significant costs to comply with current or future environmental laws and regulations.

We
may have significant product liability exposure.

We face an inherent business risk of exposure to product liability and other
claims in the event that our technologies or products are alleged to have caused harm. We also have potential liability for products manufactured by us on a contract basis for third parties. Although we currently maintain product liability insurance
in the amount of $10 million in the aggregate plus additional coverage specific to the foreign countries where our clinical trials are being conducted, this insurance coverage may not be sufficient, and we may not be able to obtain sufficient
coverage in the future at a reasonable cost. Our inability to obtain product liability insurance at an acceptable cost or to otherwise protect against potential product liability claims could prevent or inhibit the commercialization of any products
developed by us or our collaborators, or our ability to manufacture products for third parties. If we are sued for any injury caused by our technologies or products, or by third-party products that we manufacture, our liability could exceed our
insurance coverage and total assets.



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(*)Negative conditions in the global credit markets may impair the liquidity of a portion of our
investment portfolio.

Our investment securities consist of high-grade auction rate securities, corporate debt securities and
government agency securities. As of March 31, 2009, our long-term investments included (at par value) $6.6 million of high-grade (AA- or AAA rated) auction rate securities secured by municipal bonds and student loans. Our auction rate
securities are debt instruments with a long-term maturity and with an interest rate that is reset in short intervals through auctions. The recent conditions in the global credit markets have prevented some investors from liquidating their holdings
of auction rate securities because the amount of securities submitted for sale has exceeded the amount of purchase orders for such securities. If there is insufficient demand for the securities at the time of an auction, the auction may not be
completed and the interest rates may be reset to predetermined rates. When auctions for these securities fail, the investments may not be readily convertible to cash until a future auction of these investments is successful or they are redeemed or
mature.

Since February 2008, there has been insufficient demand at auction for all of our high-grade auction rate securities held at
March 31, 2009. As a result, these affected securities are currently not liquid, and we could be required to hold them until they are redeemed by the issuer or to maturity. As of March 31, 2009, we had recognized $1.2 million of losses
related to those auction rate securities by adjusting their carrying value. Any future decline in market value will result in additional losses being recognized.

In the event we need to access the funds that are in an illiquid state, we will not be able to do so without the possible loss of principal, until a future auction for these investments is successful or they are
redeemed by the issuer or they mature. If we are unable to sell these securities in the market or they are not redeemed, then we may be required to hold them to maturity.

(*)Our stock price could continue to be highly volatile and you may not be able to resell your shares at or above the price you pay for them.

The market price of our common stock, like that of many other life sciences companies, has been and is likely to continue to be highly volatile. From
January 1, 2006, to March 31, 2009, our stock price has ranged from $1.04 to $7.58. The following factors, among others, could have a significant impact on the market price of our common stock:



| |  |  | The results of our preclinical studies and clinical trials or announcements regarding our plans for future studies or trials, or those of our collaborators,
licensees or competitors;
| | - |  | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Evidence or lack of evidence of the safety or efficacy of our potential products or those of our collaborators, licensees or competitors;
| | - |  | -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | The announcement by us or our collaborators, licensees or competitors of technological innovations or new products;
| | - |  | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Developments concerning our patent or other proprietary rights or those of our collaborators, licensees or competitors, including litigation and challenges to our
proprietary rights;
| | - |  | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Other developments with our collaborators or licensees, including our entry into new collaborative or licensing arrangements;
| | - |  | -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Geopolitical developments, natural or man-made disease threats, or other events beyond our control;
| | - |  | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | U.S. and foreign governmental regulatory actions;
| | - |  | -------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Changes or announcements in reimbursement policies;
| | - |  | ---------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Period-to-period fluctuations in our operating results;
| | - |  | -------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Market conditions for life science stocks in general;
| | - |  | -----------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Changes in the collective short interest in our stock;
| | - |  | ------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Changes in estimates of our performance by securities analysts; and
| | - |  | -------------------------------------------------------------------



| |  |  | Our cash balances, need for additional capital, and access to capital.
| | - |  | ----------------------------------------------------------------------



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We are at risk of securities class action litigation due to our expected stock price volatility.

In the past, stockholders have brought securities class action litigation against a company following a decline in the market
price of its securities. This risk is especially acute for us because life science companies have experienced greater than average stock price volatility in recent years and, as a result, have been subject to, on average, a greater number of
securities class action claims than companies in other industries. To date, we have not been subject to class action litigation. However, we may in the future be the target of this litigation. Securities litigation could result in substantial costs
and divert our managements attention and resources, and could seriously harm our business.

Anti-takeover provisions in our
charter documents and under Delaware law could make an acquisition of us, which may be beneficial to our stockholders, more difficult and may prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management.

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws include anti-takeover provisions, such as a classified board of directors, a prohibition on stockholder
actions by written consent, the authority of our board of directors to issue preferred stock without stockholder approval, and supermajority voting requirements for specified actions. In addition, because we are incorporated in Delaware, we are
governed by the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which prohibits stockholders owning in excess of 15% of our outstanding voting stock from merging or combining with us. These provisions may delay or prevent an
acquisition of us, even if the acquisition may be considered beneficial by some stockholders. In addition, they may discourage or prevent any attempts by our stockholders to replace or remove our current management by making it more difficult for
stockholders to replace members of our board of directors, which is responsible for appointing the members of our management.

The
issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect our common stockholders.

We have on file two effective shelf registration
statements that in the aggregate allow us to raise up to an additional $111.6 million from the sale of common or preferred stock. The issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power of holders of our common stock, and reduce the
likelihood that our common stockholders will receive dividend payments and payments upon liquidation. The issuance of preferred stock could also decrease the market price of our common stock, or have terms and conditions that could discourage a
takeover or other transaction that might involve a premium price for our shares or that our stockholders might believe to be in their best interests.



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|ITEM 6. | EXHIBITS
|------- | --------



|              |  |                                                                                                                        
|------------- |  | -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|ExhibitNumber |  | Description of Document                                                                                                
|              | 
|3.1(i)(1)     |  | Restated Certificate of Incorporation.                                                                                 
|              | 
|3.1(ii)(1)    |  | Amended and Restated Bylaws.                                                                                           
|              | 
|3.2(i)(2)     |  | Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation.                                                     
|              | 
|4.1(1)        |  | Specimen Common Stock Certificate.                                                                                     
|              | 
|10.1a         |  | Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan of Vical Incorporated                                                        
|              | 
|10.23(3)a     |  | Restated employment letter dated January 9, 2009, between the Company and Vijay B. Samant.                             
|              | 
|10.29(4)a     |  | Restated employment letter dated January 9, 2009, between the Company and Alain Rolland.                               
|              | 
|10.45(5)a     |  | Restated employment letter dated January 9, 2009, by and between the Company and Jill M. Broadfoot.                    
|              | 
|31.1          |  | Certification of Vijay B. Samant, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.  
|              | 
|31.2          |  | Certification of Jill M. Broadfoot, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
|              | 
|32.1          |  | Certification of Vijay B. Samant, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.  
|              | 
|32.2          |  | Certification of Jill M. Broadfoot, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.



|(1) | Incorporated by reference to the exhibit of the same number filed with the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-3 (No. 33-95812) filed on August 15, 1995.
|--- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



|(2) | Incorporated by reference to exhibit 4.2 filed with the Companys Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-135398) filed on June 28, 2006.
|--- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



|(3) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 15, 2009.
|--- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



|(4) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 15, 2009.
|--- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



|(5) | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 15, 2009.
|--- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------



|a | Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
|- | ------------------------------------------------------------------



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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



|                  |  |  |  |                    |  |                                                                                                                                                              
|----------------- |  |  |  | ------------------ |  | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|                  |  |  |  | Vical Incorporated
|                  |  |  | 
|Date: May 8, 2009 |  |  |  | By:                |  | /s/ JILL M. BROADFOOT                                                                                                                                        
|                  |  |  |  |                    |  | Jill M. Broadfoot                                                                                                                                            
|                  |  |  |  |                    |  | Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary (on behalf of the registrant and as the registrants Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)



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