Upshot Aerial Photography LLC

Owner: Tobias Drew Dilworth

2625 Daisy Rd

Woodbine, MD 21797

Re: Exemption Request Pursuant to Section 333 of the FAA Reform Act and Part 11 of the Federal 

Aviation Regulations from: 14 CFR 21 subpart H; 14 CFR 45.23(b); 14 CFR 61.113(a) and (b); 14 CFR 

91.7(a); 14 CFR 91.9(b)(2); 14 CFR 91.103; 14 CFR 91.109; 14 CFR 91.119(c); 14 CFR 91.121; 14 

CFR 91.151(a); 14 CFR 91.203 (a) and (b); 14 CFR 91.405 (a); 14 CFR 91.407 (a) (1) 14 CFR 91.409 

(a)(1) and (2); 14 CFR 91.417(a) and (b)

Dear Sir or Madam:

Pursuant to Section 333 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (the “Reform Act”) and 14 

CFR Part 11, Tobias D. Dilworth, operator of an Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS), hereby applies for 

an exemption from the listed Federal Aviation Regulations (“FARs”) to allow commercial operation of 

his UAS, so long as such operations are conducted within and under the conditions outlined herein or 

as may be established by the FAA as required by Section 333.

Commercial operation of an UAS, as described herein, which is equipped with camera(s) and sensors, 

would operate in the following manner:

• Aerial photography and/or video for public and/or private use including real estate, architecture, land 

surveying, engineering and other related professional activities.

• Aerial video and/or photography for public and/or private use including television, public events, 

cinematography and news gathering.

• Aerial inspection/photography of residential/commercial structures under contract with the structures’ 

owners or local government authority.

• Aerial inspection/photography of residential/commercial utility infrastructure including but not limited 

to electrical power lines, wind turbines and cell towers.

• Aerial video/photography or providing live video feed to assist with search and rescue operations in 

cases of an emergency or natural disaster only when the local authorities or government has 

requested it by contract or donation.

• The ability to offer training to persons individually or belonging to either private and/or public 

organizations that have interests in the use and application of a UAS for the purpose of the safe 

operation of a UAS to enhance the safety of the National Airspace System (NAS) as well as for the 

protection of the persons and property.

As described fully below, the requested exemption would permit the operation of a UAS under 

controlled conditions in the NAS that would be a) limited b) controlled c) predetermined and d) will 
provide safety enhancements to the already safe operations in the industry presently using 

conventional aircraft. Approval of this exemption would thereby enhance safety and fulfill the Secretary 

of Transportation’s (the FAA Administrator’s) responsibilities to “....establish requirements for the safe 

operation of such aircraft systems in the national airspace system.”

The name and address of the applicant is:

Upshot Aerial Photography LLC

Attn: Tobias Drew Dilworth, Owner/ Pilot

Email: Tobydilworth@gmail.com

Address: 2625 Daisy Rd, Woodbine, MD, 21797

Regulations from which the exemption is requested:

14 CFR Part 21 subpart H

14 CFR 45.23 (b)

14 CFR 61.113 (a) & (b)

14 CFR 91.7 (a)

14 CFR 91.9 (b) (2)

14 CFR 91.103

14 CFR 91.109

14 CFR 91.119 (c)

14 CFR 91.121

14 CFR 91.151 (a)

14 CFR 91.203 (a) & (b)

14 CFR 91.405 (a)

14 CFR 91.407 (a) (1)

14 CFR 91.409 (a) (2)

14 CFR 91.417 (a) & (b)
Upshot Aerial Photography LLC will operate the DJI Phantom 3 Professional, with a total weight of 

1280g or 2lbs 13 oz. The dimensions are 40.36cm x 40.36cm x 19.05cm or 16inch x 16inch x 7.5inch. 

Under still air the maximum speed is no more than 16m/s or 35mph with a cruising speed of 11m/s or 

25mph. The DJI Phantom 3 Professional has the ability to hover and move along a vertical and 

horizontal plane simultaneously. The DJI Phantom 3 Professional has four motors, Motor Model DJI 

3510, powered by a 4480mAh 4s LiPo Lithium Polymer battery. There are four propellers, Propeller 

Model DJI 1345, in use. The DJI Phantom 3 Professional will be controlled with the C3 remote 

controller with an operating frequency of 2.400GHz – 2.483GHz. The live video feed will have an 

operating frequency of 2.4GHz ISM with maximum range of 1.2 miles. The applicant will operate the 

UAS in line of sight within a closed off and predetermined area owned and/operated by the property 

representative.

DJI Phantom 3 Professional

GENERAL FEATURES

• Ready to fly

• 3-axis camera stabilization

• Precision flight and stable hovering

• GPS/GLONASS positioning & auto return home

• Onscreen real-time flight parameters

• High Definition 4k Camera

• Camera tilt control

• Film straight down

• Supports Adobe DNG RAW

• Adobe lens profile support

• Camera parameter settings

• Album synchronization

• FAA no-fly zones locked out via installed software

TRANSMITTER

• Operating Frequency:2.400 GHz – 2.483 GHz

• Communication Distance(open area): CE: 2000m; FCC: 2000m

• Receiver Sensitivity(1%PER):-101dBm +/- 2dBm

• Transmitter Power: CE: 16dBm; FCC: 20dBm
• Working Voltage: 1.2A @ 7.4V

• Battery: 6000 mAh LiPo 2s

CAMERA

• Operating Environment Temperature: 0-40

• Max Resolution: 4096 x 2162p @ 24/25fps

• FOV: 94°/ 85° • Sensor size: 1/2.3"

• HD Recording: 4k p 24/25/30fps - 1080p/720p 60fps

DJI Pilot APP

• System Requirement of Mobile Device: iOS version 6.0 or above/ Android system version 4.0 or 

above

• Mobile Device Support: Recommended: iPhone4s, iPhone5, iPhone5s, iPod Touch4, iPod Touch5

Given the small size of the UAS and the controlled environment provided, the proposed operations will 

adhere to the Reform Act’s safety requirements. The approval of this application presents no national 

security issues. Regarding the level of safety surrounding the proposed operations and the public 

benefit, reduction in environmental impacts, including but not limited to reduced emissions and noise, 

the grant of the requested exemption is in the public interest. Accordingly. the applicant requests that 

the FAA grant the requested exemption with minimum delay.

AIRCRAFT AND EQUIVALENT LEVEL OF SAFETY

The operation limitations proposed provide an equivalent or higher level of safety, as opposed to 

conventional aircraft, because the operations will further enhance the safety of the persons and/or 

property involved.

The limitations and conditions to which the applicant agrees to adhere to when conducting commercial 

operations under the FAA issued exemption as set forth in the Flight Operations Manual (FOM) 

include:

• The UAS will weigh less than 55 lbs. (DJI Phantom 3 Professional weighs 1280G or 2lbs 13oz)

• The UAS will have a maximum operating speed of no more than 35mph.

• Flights will be operated within line of sight of the Pilot in Command (PIC) and/or Visual Observer 

(VO).

• Maximum flight time for each operational flight will be 20 minutes. Flights will be terminated at 25% 

battery power reserve or 20 minutes of flight time, whichever occurs first.
• Flights will be operated at an altitude of no more than 400 feet Above Ground Level (AGL) and not 

more than 200 feet above an elevated platform from which filming is planned.

• Minimum crew for each operation will consist of the UAS Pilot, the Visual Observer (VO), and may 

include a Camera Operator.

• The UAS pilot will be a designated Pilot in Command (PIC) and will take and pass all necessary 

certifications currently being approved by the FAA administration for commercial purposes.

• A briefing will be performed regarding the planned UAS operations prior to each day’s flight 

consisting of all the days’ production activities.

• All flights will occur under Visual Flight Rules Meteorological Conditions (VMC) only.

• The flights will occur no closer than a 5 mile radius of the geographic center/Airport Reference Point 

(ARP) of a tower controlled or uncontrolled airport. The DJI Phantom 3 Professional has built in 

software for all FAA regulated ‘No Fly Zones’ and was uploaded by DJI (February 2015) for all DJI 

drones to download and prevent any possible flights occurring within no-fly zones. DJI Phantom 3 

Professional has installed software (code) that denies flights within the FAA no-fly zones.

• If operations will be within a 5 mile radius of the geographic center/Airport Reference Point (ARP) of 

a tower controlled or uncontrolled airport, the respective airports will be contacted advising them of the 

estimated flight time, flight duration, elevation of flight and other pertinent information.

• The operator will obtain verbal/written consent of all persons involved with the planned operation and 

ensure that only consenting persons will be allowed within 100 feet of the flight operation, and the 

radius may be reduced to 30 feet based upon an equivalent level of safety determination, as required 

under the FOM. With the advanced permission of the FSDO, operations at closer range may be 

approved.

• The PIC and VO will have been trained in operation of UAS and receive up-to-date information for 

the particular UAS to be operated.

• The PIC and VO will be able to communicate by voice, radio, and/or text at all times.

• Any necessary written and/or verbal permission and permits will be obtained from territorial, state, 

county or city jurisdictions, including law enforcement, fire or other appropriate governmental 

agencies.

• If the UAS loses communications with the remote controller or loses GPS signal, the UAS will have 

the capability to return to a pre-determined location within a designated location and land 

autonomously.

• The UAS will have the capability to abort a flight in case of unpredicted obstacles, weather, or 

emergencies.

14 C.F.R. Part 21, Subpart H: Airworthiness Certificates 14 C.F.R. §91.203 (a) (1)

Subpart H, entitled Airworthiness Certificates, establishes the procedural requirements for the 

issuance of airworthiness certificates as required by FAR §91.203 (a) (1). Given the size and limited 

operating area associated with the aircraft to be utilized by the Applicant, an exemption from Part 21 

Subpart H meets the requirements of an equivalent level of safety under Part 11 and Section 333 of 

the Reform Act. The Federal Aviation Act (49 U.S.C.§44701 (f)) and Section 333 of the Reform Act 
both authorize the FAA to exempt aircraft from the requirement for an airworthiness certificate, upon 

consideration of the size, weight, speed, operational capability, and proximity to airports and populated 

areas of the particular UAS. In all cases, an analysis of these criteria demonstrates that the UAS 

operated without an airworthiness certificate, in the restricted environment and under the conditions 

proposed will be at least as safe, or safer, than a conventional aircraft (fixed wing or rotorcraft) 

operating with an airworthiness certificate without the restrictions and conditions proposed.

The UAS to be operated hereunder is less than 55 lbs. (3 lbs.) fully loaded, carries neither a pilot nor 

passenger, carries no explosive materials or flammable liquid fuels, and operates exclusively within a 

secured and designated area. Unlike other civil aircraft, operations under this exemption will be tightly 

controlled and monitored by both the operator and under the requirements and in compliance with 

local public safety requirements. The FAA will have advance notice of all operations. These safety 

enhancements provide a greater degree of safety to the public and property owners than conventional 

operations conducted with airworthiness certificates issued under 14 C.F.R. Part 21, Subpart H. Lastly, 

application of these same criteria demonstrates that there is no credible threat to national security 

posed by the UAS, due to its size, speed of operation, location of operation, lack of explosive materials 

or flammable liquid fuels, and inability to carry a substantial external load.

14 C.F.R. § 45.23 (b). Marking of the Aircraft

The regulation requires:

When marks include only the Roman capital letter "N" and the registration number is displayed on 

limited, restricted or light-sport category aircraft or experimental or provisionally certificated aircraft, the 

operator must also display on that aircraft near each entrance to the cabin, cockpit, or pilot station, in 

letters not less than 2 inches nor more than 6 inches high, the words "limited," "restricted," "light-sport," 

"experimental," or "provisional," as applicable.

Even though the UAS will have no airworthiness certificate, an exemption will be needed as the UAS 

will have no entrance to the cabin, cockpit or pilot station on which the word “Experimental” can be 

placed.

Given the size of the UAS, two-inch lettering will be impossible. The word “Experimental” will be placed 

on the fuselage in compliance with §45.29 (f).

The equivalent level of safety will be provided by having the UAS marked on its fuselage as required 

by §45.29 (f) where the pilot, observer and others working with the UAS will see the identification of the 

UAS as “Experimental.”

14 C.F.R. § 61.113 (a) and (b): Private Pilot Privileges and Limitations: Pilot in Command.

Pursuant to 14 CFR 61.113 (a) & (b), no person who holds a private pilot certificate may act as a pilot 

in command of an aircraft that is carrying passengers or property for compensation or hire. An 

equivalent level of safety can be achieved by current Regulations because the applicant’s UAS do not 

carry any pilots or passengers nor property. The risks attendant to the operation of UAS is far less than 

the risk levels inherent in the commercial activities outlined in 14 CFR 61. The operation and 

limitations set forth in the FOM will equate to the safe operation of the UAS.

14 C.F.R. §91.7(a): Civil Aircraft Airworthiness.

The regulation requires that no person may operate a civil aircraft unless it is in airworthy condition. As 

there will be no airworthiness certificate issued for the aircraft, should this exemption be granted, no 

FAA regulatory standard will exist for determining airworthiness. Given the size of the aircraft for 
maintenance and use of safety check lists prior to each flight an equivalent level of safety will be 

provided.

14 C.F.R. § 91.9 (b) (2): Civil Aircraft Flight Manual in the Aircraft.

Section 91.9 (b) (2) provides: No person may operate a U.S.-registered civil aircraft ... (2) For which an 

Airplane or Rotorcraft Flight Manual is not required by §21.5 of this chapter, unless there is available in 

the aircraft a current approved airplane or Rotorcraft Flight Manual, approved manual material, 

markings, and placards, or any combination thereof. The UAS, given its size and configuration has no 

ability or place to carry such a flight manual on the aircraft, not only because there is no pilot on board, 

but because there is no room or capacity to carry such an item on the aircraft. The equivalent level of 

safety will be maintained by keeping the flight manual at the ground control point where the pilot flying 

the UAS will have immediate access to it.

14 C.F.R. § 91.103: Preflight Action.

This regulation requires each pilot in command to take certain actions before flight to insure the safety 

of flight. As FAA approved rotorcraft flight manuals will not be provided for the aircraft an exemption 

will be needed. The PIC will take all actions as stated in the manufacturer FOM in the pre-flight 

inspection section, including but not limited to reviewing weather, flight battery requirements, landing 

and takeoff distances and aircraft performance data before initiation of flight.

14 C.F.R. §91.109: Flight Instruction.

Section 91.103 provides that no person may operate a civil aircraft (except a manned free balloon) that 

is being used for flight instruction unless that aircraft has fully functioning dual controls. UAS and 

remotely piloted aircraft, by their design do not have fully functional dual controls. Flight control is 

accomplished through the use of a control box that communicates with the aircraft via radio 

communications. The FAA has approved exemptions for flight training without fully functional dual 

controls for a number of aircraft and for flight instruction in experimental aircraft. The equivalent level of 

safety provided by the fact that neither a pilot nor passengers will be carried in the aircraft and by the

size and speed of the aircraft.

14 C.F.R. §91.119: Minimum Safe Altitudes.

Section 91.119 establishes safe altitudes for operation of civil aircraft. Section 91.119 (d) allows 

helicopters to be operated at less than the minimums prescribed, provided the person operating the 

helicopter complies with any route or altitudes prescribed for helicopters by the FAA. As this exemption 

is for a UAS that is a helicopter and the exemption requests authority to operate at altitudes up to 400 

AGL, or not more than 200 above an elevated platform from which filming is planned, an exemption 

may be needed to allow such operations. As set forth herein, the UAS will never operate at higher than 

400 AGL with the exception that in circumstances where the UAS is used to survey or photograph a 

structure whose height exceeds 400 feet AGL, the UAS will not be operated more than 200 feet above 

the highest point on the structure. It will however be operated in a restricted area with security 

perimeter, where buildings and people will not be exposed to operations without their pre-obtained 

consent. The equivalent level of safety will be achieved given the size, weight, speed of the UAS as 

well as the location where it is operated. No flight will be taken without the permission of the property 

owner or local officials. Because of the advance notice to the property owner and participants in the 

filming activity, all affected individuals will be aware of the planned flight operations. Compared to flight 

operations with aircraft or rotorcraft weighing far more than the maximum 55lbs. proposed herein and 

the lack of flammable fuel, any risk associated with these operations is far less than those presently 

presented with conventional aircraft operating at or below 500 AGL. In addition, the low-altitude 

operations of the UAS will ensure separation between these UAS operations and the operations of 

conventional aircraft that must comply with Section 91.119.

14 C.F.R. §91.121 Altimeter Settings.
This regulation requires each person operating an aircraft to maintain cruising altitude by reference to 

an altimeter that is set “...to the elevation of the departure airport or an appropriate altimeter setting 

available before departure.” As the UAS may not have a barometric altimeter, but instead a GPS 

altitude read out, an exemption may be needed. An equivalent level of safety will be achieved by the 

operator, pursuant to the safety check list and live flight data monitoring, confirming the altitude of the 

launch site shown on the GPS altitude indicator before flight.

14 C.F.R. § 91.151(a): Fuel Requirements for Flight in VFR Conditions

Section 91.151 (a) prohibits an individual from beginning “a flight in an airplane under VFR conditions 

unless (considering wind and forecast weather conditions) there is enough fuel to fly to the first point of 

intended landing, and, assuming normal cruising speed – (1) During the day, to fly after that for at least 

30 minutes; or (2) At night, to fly after that for at least 45 minutes.”

The battery powering the UAS provides approximately 25 minutes of powered flight. To meet the 30 

minute reserve requirement in 14 CFR §91.151, UAS flights would be limited to approximately 10 

minutes in length. Given the limitations on the UAS’s proposed flight area and the location of its 

proposed operations within a predetermined area, a longer time frame for flight in daylight or twilight 

VFR conditions is reasonable.

Applicant believes that an exemption from 14 CFR §91.151(a) falls within the scope of prior 

exemptions. Operating the UAS, in a tightly controlled area where only people and property owners or 

official representatives who have signed waivers will be allowed, with less than 30 minutes of reserve 

fuel, does not engender the type of risks that Section 91.151(a) was intended to alleviate given the 

size and speed of the small UAS. Additionally, limiting UAS flights to 10 minutes would greatly reduce 

the utility for which the exemption will be granted. Applicant believes that an equivalent level of safety 

can be achieved by limiting flights to 20 minutes or 25% of battery power— whichever happens first. 

This restriction would be more than adequate to return the UAS to its planned landing zone from 

anywhere in its limited operating area.

14 C.F.R. §91.203 (a) and (b): Carrying Civil Aircraft Certification and Registration

The regulation provides in pertinent part:

Except as provided in § 91.715, no person may operate a civil aircraft unless it has within it the 

following:

An appropriate and current airworthiness certificate. . . .

No person may operate a civil aircraft unless the airworthiness certificate required by paragraph (a) of 

this section or a special flight authorization issued under §91.715 is displayed at the cabin or cockpit 

entrance so that it is legible to passengers or crew.

The UAS fully loaded weighs no more than 55 lbs. and is operated without an onboard pilot. As such, 

there is no ability or place to carry certification and registration documents or to display them on the 

UAS.

An equivalent level of safety will be achieved by keeping these documents at the ground control point 

where the pilot flying the UAS will have immediate access to them; to the extent they are applicable to 

the UAS.

14 C.F.R. §91.405 (a); 407 (a) (1); 409 (a) (2); 417(a) & (b): Maintenance Inspections.

These regulations require that an aircraft operator or owner “shall have that aircraft inspected as 

prescribed in subpart E of this part and shall between required inspections, except as provided in 
paragraph (c) of this section, have discrepancies repaired as prescribed in part 43 of this chapter...,” 

and others shall inspect or maintain the aircraft in compliance with Part 43.

Given that these section and Part 43 apply only to aircraft with an airworthiness certificate, these 

sections will not apply to the applicant. Maintenance will be accomplished by the operator pursuant to 

the flight manual and operating handbook. An equivalent level of safety will be achieved because the 

UAS is very limited in size and will carry a small payload and operate only in restricted areas for a 

limited period of time. If mechanical issues arise the UAS can land immediately and will be operating 

from no higher than 400 feet AGL. The operator will ensure that the UAS is in working order prior to 

initiating flight, perform required maintenance, and keep a log of any maintenance performed. 

Moreover, the operator is the person most familiar with the aircraft and best suited to maintain the 

aircraft in an airworthy condition to provide the equivalent level of safety.

An equivalent level of safety will be achieved because maintenance and inspections will be performed 

in accordance with the UAS Manufacturer's User Manual. As provided in the FOM, the operator will 

ensure that the UAS is in working order prior to initiating flight and perform required maintenance 

needed.