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U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION (EAC) 

2022 Election Administration Policy Survey 

In order to better understand state laws governing federal elections, the U.S. Election 

Assistance Commission (EAC), as part of its biennial Election Administration and Voting

Survey (EAVS), is collecting information related to your state’s election policies and 

procedures. These answers will help the EAC validate and better understand the quantitative 

data relating to the 2022 general election that we are collecting from all U.S. states and 

territories. Your responses to these questions should reflect your state’s election laws, 

policies, and practices that will be in place for the November 2022 general election. 

For each question, you should select the option that most closely describes your state’s 

activities. The EAC recognizes that there are often subtle differences in how states 

administer a specific aspect of their elections; however, these subtle differences should not 

affect your ability to answer the questions in this survey. 

Select questions have a comment box to provide additional nuance to your responses. All 

comments that you provide will be made public when the survey data are released, and the 

information submitted in your comments may be replicated in the EAVS Comprehensive 

Report and in other research products released by the EAC in order to provide context to 

your Policy Survey data. Because these comments will be public, they should be written so 

they are understandable to readers who are not familiar with your state’s election policy. 

Comments should not include any sensitive information or personally identifiable

information (PII), and any acronyms in your comments should be explained.

The EAVS team appreciates your cooperation in this important project.

Information supplied by:

Name: Title:

Office/Agency Name:

Email Address:
OMB Control No. 3265-0006 Expiration Date 04/30/2025 ii

Table of Contents 

Answering the Election Administration and Voting Survey (EAVS) ......................................... 1

Voter Registration and List Maintenance ................................................................................. 2

Election Technology .................................................................................................................10

Mail Voting ................................................................................................................................11

In-Person Voting .......................................................................................................................18

UOCAVA Voting ......................................................................................................................... 19

Provisional Voting .....................................................................................................................21

Election Certification, Recounts, and Audits ..........................................................................23

Recounts ............................................................................................................................... 24

Audits ....................................................................................................................................25

Voter Identification ...................................................................................................................26

Criminal Convictions and Voting .............................................................................................27
OMB Control No. 3265-0006 Expiration Date 04/30/2025 1 

Answering the Election Administration and Voting Survey (EAVS) 

Q1. States can answer the questions in the EAVS in different ways. For each section of the 

survey, please select the option that best describes how your state answers the questions in 

the EAVS. 

The questions in the section will be answered... 

Entirely by the state 

election office

Entirely by local 

election offices

In part by the state 

and in part by local 

election offices

Section A: Voter Registration

Section B: Uniformed and 

Overseas Citizens Absentee 

Voting Act (UOCAVA) 

Section C: Mail Voting

Section D: In-Person Polling 

Operations

Section E: Provisional Voting 

Section F: Voter Participation 

and Election Technologies

As a reminder: 

• Section A covers voter registration, including total registrants, total registration forms

processed during the election cycle, the source of those forms, and the final

disposition of each form. It also covers notices sent to voters who were thought to

have moved and voters who were removed from the voter registration list.

• Section B covers UOCAVA voting, including ballots transmitted to Uniformed Services

voters and overseas citizens, the manner in which the ballots were transmitted (e.g.,

by mail, by email), the number of ballots returned, the manner in which the ballots

were returned, and the final disposition of each ballot (i.e., accepted, rejected). It also

covers Federal Write-In Absentee Ballots (FWAB) and Federal Post Card Applications

(FPCA).

• Section C covers mail voting, including the number of ballots transmitted and

returned, the use of drop boxes, ballot curing, the number of mail ballots counted

and rejected, and the reasons for mail ballot rejections. It also covers whether any

registrants received ballots because they are permanent absentee voters.

• Section D covers in-person polling operations, including the number of precincts, the

number of polling places, and data on poll workers.

• Section E covers provisional voting, including the total number of provisional ballots

cast and the reasons they were cast, the disposition of each provisional ballot, and

the reasons provisional ballots were rejected.

• Section F covers voter participation and election technologies, including participation

in the election, poll books, the type of voting equipment used in voting, and general

comments on the election administration experience.
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Q2. Have any local jurisdictions been consolidated or created in your state since the 2020 

EAVS was conducted that will change your state’s list of reporting jurisdictions for the 2022 

EAVS?

o Yes, consolidation of local jurisdictions

o Yes, creation of new local jurisdictions

o Yes, both consolidation and creation

o No

If Q2 = Yes, use the comments to describe

Q2 Comments: 

Voter Registration and List Maintenance 

Q3. For the November 2022 general election, is your state’s voter registration database 

system best described as a bottom-up system, a top-down system, or a hybrid of both? 

(Note: A bottom-up system generally uploads information retained at the local level and 

compiles it at regular intervals to form the statewide voter registration list. A top-down 

system is hosted on a single, central platform or mainframe and is generally maintained by 

the state with information supplied by local jurisdictions. A hybrid is some combination of 

both systems described above.)

o Top-down system 

o Bottom-up system 

o Hybrid system

If Q3 = Top-down, skip to Q4 

If Q3 = Bottom-up or Hybrid, proceed to Q3a 

Q3 Comments: 

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Q3a. How often do local jurisdictions transmit registration information to the state voter 

registration database? (Select all that apply.) 

□ In real time

□ Daily

□ Other (please describe):

Q3a Comments: 

Q4. For each of the following entities, please report whether your state’s voter registration 

database (or equivalent) conducts electronic transfers of information to maintain the 

accuracy of its voter rolls. Electronic data transfers occur when information is transmitted

from one computer system to another. Non-electronic data transfers, such as information 

shared through paper copies, should not be reported in these questions. Information sent 

through email or fax is not considered an electronic data transfer for the purposes of this 

question.

For each entity, report whether it electronically transfers data with the state’s voter 

registration database and how often the data transfer occurs.

Governmental Entity 1. Has electronic data transfer 2. How often transfer occurs

a. Motor vehicles agency

(e.g., Department of

Motor Vehicles [DMV])

o Yes

o No

If response is “No,” proceed to 

next entity. 

o Real time

o Daily

o Weekly

o Monthly

o On demand

o Other (describe): ___________

b. Any state agencies for

people with disabilities

o Yes

o No

If response is “No,” proceed to 

next entity. 

o Real time

o Daily

o Weekly

o Monthly

o On demand

o Other (describe): ___________

c. Any state public

assistance agencies

o Yes

o No

If response is “No,” proceed to 

next entity. 

o Real time

o Daily

o Weekly

o Monthly

o On demand

o Other (describe): ___________
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Governmental Entity 1. Has electronic data transfer 2. How often transfer occurs

d. Other state agencies

(not National Voter

Registration Act [NVRA]-

required)

o Yes

o No

If response is “No,” proceed to 

next entity. 

o Real time

o Daily

o Weekly

o Monthly

o On demand

o Other (describe): ___________

e. Federal agencies (not

NVRA-required)

o Yes

o No

If response is “No,” proceed to 

next entity. 

o Real time

o Daily

o Weekly

o Monthly

o On demand

o Other (describe): ___________

f. Military recruiting office o Yes

o No

If response is “No,” proceed to 

next entity. 

o Real time

o Daily

o Weekly

o Monthly

o On demand

o Other (describe): ___________

g. Entities that maintain

death records (e.g.,

Social Security

Administration [SSA],

state vital statistics)

o Yes

o No

If response is “No,” proceed to 

next entity. 

o Real time

o Daily

o Weekly

o Monthly

o On demand

o Other (describe): ___________

h. Entities that maintain

felony or prison records

(e.g., state courts, state

police, federal courts,

pardons or paroles

agency)

o Yes

o No

If response is “No,” proceed to 

next entity. 

o Real time

o Daily

o Weekly

o Monthly

o On demand

o Other (describe): ___________

i. Entities that maintain

records of individuals

declared mentally

incompetent

o Yes

o No

If response is “No,” proceed to 

next entity. 

o Real time

o Daily

o Weekly

o Monthly

o On demand

o Other (describe): ___________

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Q5. Does your state offer voter registration through a state government agency using any of 

these automated processes, either online or in person? (Select all that apply.) 

□ During an interaction with the state government agency, the option to register to vote 

is preselected, but the individual can choose to opt out of registration during the 

interaction. 

□ During an interaction with the state government agency, the individual cannot 

complete the interaction without selecting whether or not they wish to register to 

vote. 

□ During an interaction with the state government agency, the individual is 

automatically registered to vote unless they opt out in response to a mailer that is 

sent to the individual after the interaction has concluded. 

□ Individuals who have existing records with a state government agency are 

automatically registered to vote, regardless of whether the individual has an 

interaction with the government agency. 

□ Other (please describe): 

□ No automated registration processes are available in my state. 

If Q5 = No automated registration processes, skip to Q6 

If Q5 = Any other option, proceed to Q5a 

Q5 Comments: 

Q5a. Which state agency or agencies participate in this automated registration program? 

(Select all that apply.) 

 State motor vehicles agency (e.g., DMV)

 State agency or agencies for people with disabilities

 State public assistance or social services agency or agencies

 State agencies as designated by the state’s chief election official or governor 

 Other (please describe): 

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Q6. Does your state have a public-facing online, web-based system that interfaces with the 

state voter registration system, and through which individuals can register to vote or update 

their registration? For purposes of this question, any system that is accessible only to state 

government employees or that requires any paper form to be submitted does not qualify as 

an online, web-based system.

o Yes, individuals can both register to vote and update their registration via the online 

system. 

o Yes, individuals can update their registration via the online system. 

o No

If Q6 = No, skip to Q7 

If Q6 = Yes, proceed to Q6a 

Q6a. Does a person need to have a driver’s license or other ID issued by your state in order 

to register to vote or to update their voter registration online?

o Yes 

o No

Q7. Which of the following voting information lookup features and other tools are available 

on your state election office website? (Select all that apply.) 

 Voters may check their registration status. 

 Voters may view voter-specific ballot information. 

 Voters may check the status of their UOCAVA ballot delivery, return, and processing. 

 Voters may check the status of their mail ballot delivery, return, and processing. 

 Voters may check their polling site location. 

 Voters may check the status of their provisional ballot processing. 

 Voters may request to receive a mail or absentee ballot. 

 Other (please describe): 

 None of the above 

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Q8. For the November 2022 general election, will your state allow any individuals to register 

to vote on the same day that they cast a ballot in person or request a mail ballot? This may 

be known as same-day voter registration (SDR) or Election Day registration (EDR) in your 

state.

Please note that a period of overlap between the mail balloting period and the close of voter 

registration should not be considered SDR or EDR for the purposes of this question. 

o Yes 

o No

If Q8 = No, skip to Q9 

If Q8 = Yes, proceed to Q8a 

Q8 Comments: 

Q8a. Under which circumstances can a voter in your state register on the same day that they 

cast a ballot? (Select all that apply.) 

(Note: This question applies only to the November 2022 general election. If your state has 

SDR or EDR circumstances that apply only to presidential elections, those circumstances do 

not need to be reported in the 2022 Policy Survey.) 

 On Election Day

 During in-person early voting 

 During an overlap between the start of in-person early voting and the close of voter 

registration

 Only in very specific cases (e.g., for federal offices only; please describe): 

Q9. Does your state allow persons to pre-register to vote before they are 18 years old and 

then become automatically registered to vote once they turn 18? 

o Yes, persons who are at least _____ years of age may pre-register to vote.

o No, our state does not allow for pre-registration. 

If Q9 = No, skip to Q10

If Q9 = Yes, proceed to Q9a

Q9 Comments: 
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Q9a. When a person submits a pre-registration application before they turn 18 years old, is 

the application processed immediately or held until the person turns 18?

o The pre-registration application is processed immediately, but the person cannot vote 

before they turn 18. 

o The pre-registration application is held and is not processed until the person turns 

18. 

o Other (please describe): 

Q10. Does your state differentiate between active and inactive voters in your voter 

registration records? 

o Yes, our state differentiates between active and inactive voters. 

o No, our state does not use this distinction. 

If Q10 = Yes, proceed to Q10a 

If Q10 = No, skip to Q11 

Q10a. The EAC defines active voters as fully eligible voters who have no additional 

processing requirements to fulfill before voting. Inactive voters are defined as voters who 

remain eligible to vote but require address verification under the provisions of the National 

Voter Registration Act (NVRA). 

Does your state use the above definitions for active and inactive voters?

o Yes 

o No (please describe the definitions your state uses instead): 

Q11. Who is responsible for modifying or removing voter registration records in your state?

o Only state officials 

o Only local officials 

o Both state and local officials

If the answer to Q11 is “Both state and local officials,” use the comments box to specify 

the roles and responsibilities of state and local officials.

Q11 Comments: 
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Q12. Does your state send confirmation notices to voters to help identify individuals who 

may be ineligible to vote in your state? (Select all that apply.) 

In your response, please include any confirmation notices that are produced through the 

statewide system but are mailed by local election offices. 

 Yes, our state sends these notices pursuant to National Voter Registration Act (NVRA) 

Section 8 (d) (1) (B) and Section 8 (d) (2). 

 Yes, our state sends these notices pursuant to a state statute. 

 Yes, our state sends these notices pursuant to a formal administrative rule or 

guidance. 

 No, our state does not send these notices. 

If Q12 = No, skip to Q13 

If Q12 = Yes, proceed to Q12a 

Q12a. Which voters are sent confirmation notices? (Select all that apply.) 

 A registered voter who has not voted in ____ consecutive federal general election(s) 

 A registered voter whose address may have changed (including a voter who may have 

moved from the jurisdiction in which they are registered) 

 A registered voter who has received a disqualifying criminal conviction

 A registered voter who is incarcerated 

 A registered voter who has been declared mentally incompetent 

 A registered voter who has surrendered their driver’s license and has obtained a new 

license in a different state 

 A registered voter whose mail from an election office was returned as undeliverable 

 A registered voter who has requested to be removed from the voter registration roll 

 A registered voter who has not made contact (as defined by state statute) with the 

state election division in the last ____ years 

 All registered voters routinely receive a non-forwardable notice every ____ years 

 Other (please describe): 

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Q13. What data sources are used to identify potentially ineligible voters on your state’s voter 

rolls? (Select all that apply.) 

 Applications for mail ballots

 Canvassing (door-to-door verification)

 Data from an interstate data-sharing compact (e.g., the Electronic Registration 

Information Center [ERIC]) 

 Entities that maintain felony or prison records (e.g., state courts, state police, federal 

courts, pardons or paroles agencies)

 Entities that maintain records of individuals declared mentally incompetent

 Jury questionnaires 

 Mail ballots that are returned as undeliverable 

 Other mail from the election office (not ballots) that is returned as undeliverable 

 Motor vehicles agencies (e.g., DMV)

 National Change of Address (NCOA) reports

 Newspaper death notices or obituaries

 Reports or notices from other states that a former resident has registered to vote 

 Requests from voters for removal from the voter registration roll 

 Returned jury summons

 Social Security Administration (SSA) death records 

 State vital statistics office death records

 State agencies that serve persons with disabilities

 State public assistance agencies

 State agencies that are not specified in NVRA

 State tax filings

 Other (e.g., military recruitment offices; please describe): 

Election Technology 

Q14. Which of the following options best describes your state’s policy on voting system 

testing and certification?

o Voting system testing and certification are required by statute. 

o Voting system testing and certification are required by a formal administrative rule or 

guidance. 

o Our state does not require any type of voting system testing and certification before a 

voting system is approved for purchase. 

If Q14 = Testing and certification are not required, skip to Q15 

If Q14 = Testing and certification are required, proceed to Q14a 

Q14 Comments: 
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Q14a. Which of the following categories best describes your state’s policy on voting system 

testing and certification regarding the role of the EAC and federal testing and certification? 

(Select all that apply.) 

 Requires federal certification without specific reference to EAC certification 

 Requires federal certification with specific reference to EAC certification 

 Requires certification to the EAC-adopted federal Voluntary Voting System Guidelines 

(VVSG)

 Requires state certification independent of federal certification

 Requires state certification in addition to federal certification

 Requires testing by an EAC-accredited Voting System Test Laboratory (VSTL) 

 Requires testing by an independent laboratory separate from the EAC-accredited 

VSTLs 

 Other (please describe): 

Q15. Does your state, or does any jurisdiction in your state, use electronic poll books?

o Yes 

o No

If Q15 = No, skip to Q16 

If Q15 = Yes, proceed to Q15a 

Q15a. Which of the following options best describes your state’s policy on electronic poll 

book testing and certification?

o Electronic poll book testing and certification are required by statute. 

o Electronic poll book testing and certification are required by a formal administrative 

rule or guidance. 

o Our state does not require any type of electronic poll book testing and certification 

before the electronic poll book is approved for purchase. 

Q15a Comments: 

Mail Voting 

Q16. For the November 2022 general election, will your state require an excuse for mail 

(absentee) voting? 

o Yes, an excuse is required. 

o No excuse is required. 
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Q17. For the November 2022 general election, will your state—or will any jurisdiction in your 

state—automatically send a mail ballot to every registered (or to every active registered) 

voter? This may be referred to as an all-mail election or as an all-vote-by-mail election, 

although some in-person voting may take place in these elections.

o Yes 

o No

If Q17 = No, skip to Q18

If Q17 = Yes, proceed to Q17a 

Q17a. Will ballots be mailed to all voters statewide, or only to voters in certain jurisdictions?

o Statewide

o Only in certain jurisdictions

Q18. For the November 2022 general election, will your state allow some or all registered 

voters to request to be a permanent absentee voter? Voters who receive a mail ballot 

because they reside in a state or jurisdiction that automatically sends mail ballots to all 

registered voters (or to all active registered voters) should not be included in this question.

o No

o Yes, any registrant can request to be a permanent absentee voter. 

o Yes, individuals who meet specific criteria can request to be a permanent absentee 

voter. 

If Q18 = No or Yes, any registrant, skip to Q19

If Q18 = Yes, individuals who meet specific criteria, proceed to Q18a 

Q18a. Who can qualify to be a permanent absentee voter in your state? (Select all that 

apply.) 

 Individuals over a specified age

 Persons with disabilities

 Other (please describe): 

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Q19. For the November 2022 general election, will your state—or will any jurisdiction in your 

state—allow voters to return their voted mail ballots at drop boxes?

For purposes of this question, a drop box is a locked container (located either indoors or 

outdoors) where voters (or voters’ authorized representatives, if allowed by your state’s law) 

may deliver their voted mail ballots for collection. Drop boxes are operated or controlled by 

election officials. Drop boxes are separate from ballot boxes that are located at in-person 

polling places for voters to place their ballots immediately after voting in person.

o

o Yes 

No

If Q19 = No, skip to Q20

If Q19 = Yes, proceed to Q19a

Q19a. Where will drop boxes be located? (Select all that apply.) 

□ At election offices 

□ At early voting polling locations 

□ At Election Day polling locations

□ At other sites (please describe): 

□ Varies by jurisdiction (please describe): 

Q19b. How often will ballots be collected from drop boxes?

o Multiple times per day

o Once per day 

o Less frequently than once per day 

o Another frequency (please describe): 

o Varies by jurisdiction (please describe): 

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Q19c. What dates and times may voters use drop boxes to return their ballots?

The first date that drop boxes are available: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY) 

The final date that drop boxes are available: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY) 

Hours:

o Drop boxes are available to voters 24 hours a day. 

o Drop boxes are available only during specific hours. 

o Varies by date (please describe): 

o Varies by jurisdiction (please describe): 

o Other availability for drop boxes (please describe): 

Q19c Comments: 

Q19d. What security measures are implemented for drop boxes? (Select all that apply.) 

□ Video cameras must monitor the drop boxes. 

□ Drop boxes are equipped with alarms. 

□ Ballot collections must be logged. 

□ Election workers or poll workers must monitor the drop boxes (please describe): 

□ Multiple people must be present when election workers remove the ballots from the 

drop boxes (please describe who must be present): 

□ Other security measures (please describe): 

□ Varies by jurisdiction (please describe): 

Q20. For the 2022 general election, will your state allow voters to correct errors or missing 

information on their voted mail ballots? This process is often referred to as ballot curing.

o Yes 

o No

If Q20 = No, skip to Q21

If Q20 = Yes, proceed to Q20a
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Q20a. Which of the following types of mail ballot errors may be cured? (Select all that apply.) 

□ Non-matching voter signature

□ Missing voter signature

□ Missing witness signature

□ Missing or incomplete required document (such as affidavit, ballot statement, or copy 

of voter’s identification)

□ Other (please describe): 

Q20b. What is the deadline by which voters must cure errors or missing information on their 

mail ballots?

Please note, if your applicable law or practice states that mail ballot curing must be 

complete by a certain number of days after the election, that information should be reported 

as the calendar date on which the deadline falls for the 2022 general election. 

In addition, if you have additional nuance to report about your ballot curing process that has 

not been sufficiently covered in questions Q20, Q20a, and Q20b, please report it in the 

Q20b Comments box. 

_____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY) 

Q20b Comments: 

Q21. What is the deadline for a domestic civilian (non-UOCAVA) voter to return a mail ballot? 

Select an option for both postmark and receipt deadlines, specifying the number of days if 

applicable. If your state requires ballots to be postmarked or to be received by a certain 

time, specify that information in the comments.

Ballot must be 

postmarked by:

o ____ days before Election Day

o Election Day

o Does not apply; postmark is not required. 

Ballot must be received 

by:

o ____ days before Election Day

o Election Day

o ____ business days after Election Day

o ____ calendar days after Election Day

Q21 Comments: 

 
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Q22. How long does your state track ballots that arrive after the deadlines specified in Q21 

for reporting in the EAVS Section C?

o Until the canvass is complete. 

o Until a specified date: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY) 

o Indefinitely 

Q23. What counts in your state as satisfying the postmark requirements for mail ballots? 

(Select all that apply.) 

 Does not apply; no postmark is required. 

 Physical postmark

 Postal processing markings

 Hand cancellation

 Intelligent barcode

 Private express delivery service date stamp

 Date on the voter affidavit 

 Other (please describe): 

Q24. For the November 2022 general election, under which circumstances will domestic 

civilian (non-UOCAVA) voters be able to receive their ballots through an electronic format, 

such as email, fax, online via your state’s online voter registration portal, or through a mobile 

phone app? (Select all that apply.) 

□ Domestic civilian voters cannot receive their ballots electronically under any 

circumstances. 

□ During an emergency situation (such as a natural disaster) that hinders in-person 

voting

□ When a replacement ballot is needed 

□ Voters with a specific disability

□ Voters with any disability

□ Voters may receive a ballot electronically for any circumstance. 

□ Other (please describe): 

If Q24 = Voters with a specific disability or Voters with any disability, proceed to Q24a

If Q24 = any other option, skip to Q25

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Q24a. What terminology does your state use to describe the process whereby a voter with a 

disability may access a ballot online, mark it privately and independently, and return it to 

election officials?

o Accessible absentee voting 

o Remote access vote by mail

o Remote ballot marking

o Other (please describe): 

Q24b. How can voters with a disability access their ballots under the process specified in 

Q24a? (Select all that apply.) 

□ Email

□ Online portal

□ Other (please describe): 

Q24c. Must these voters have a witness or witnesses present while they mark their ballot 

under the process specified in Q24a? 

o Yes 

o No

o Other (please describe): 

Q24c Comments: 

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In-Person Voting 

Q25. What terminology does your state use to describe the process of allowing individuals to 

cast their ballots in person at a polling location, vote center, or election office before 

Election Day? (Select all that apply.) 

Please note that the hand-delivered return of mail ballots (e.g., via drop boxes or over the 

counter) should not be considered in-person early voting for the purposes of this question. 

 In-person early voting: The voter completes the ballot in person at an election office 

or other designated polling site before Election Day. 

 In-person absentee voting: The voter completes an absentee ballot in person at an 

election office or other designated polling site before Election Day. 

 Other (please describe): 

 In-person voting is not allowed before Election Day. (Note: If your state allows 

persons with disabilities or any other specific population of voters to come to a local 

election office and vote in person before Election Day, do not select this option and 

make the appropriate selection among the other choices.) 

If Q25 = No, skip to Q26 

If Q25 = Yes, proceed to Q25a 

Q25a. Is an excuse required for voters to participate in the type of voting described in Q25? 

o Yes 

o No

Q25b. Enter the calendar dates when your state’s in-person voting before Election Day (as 

outlined in Q25) will begin and end for the 2022 general election. 

If there are further details you wish to share about your state’s early voting availability for 

this election (e.g., early voting is only available on weekdays), or if the availability of inperson early voting varies by jurisdiction, please use the comments box to provide this 

context.

The first day of early voting: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY) 

The final day of early voting: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY) 

Q25b Comments: 
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Q26. For the November 2022 general election, will any voters be able to cast their ballots at 

any polling location or vote center in their local jurisdiction?

o Yes, during early voting only 

o Yes, on Election Day only 

o Yes, both during early voting and on Election Day

o No

If Q26 = No, skip to Q27 

If Q26 = Yes, proceed to Q26a 

Q26a. Which of the following best describes the way vote centers operate in your state? 

o Our state requires the use of vote centers statewide. 

o Our state has vote centers, but only in jurisdictions that meet specific requirements. 

o Our state has vote centers, but jurisdictions have the option not to implement vote 

centers. 

UOCAVA Voting 

Q27. By which of the following methods does your state transmit (or send) blank UOCAVA 

ballots to UOCAVA voters? (Select all that apply.) 

 Postal mail

 Email

 Fax

 Online via a ballot delivery portal 

 Other (please specify): 

Q28. By which of the following methods does your state allow UOCAVA voters to return their 

voted UOCAVA ballots? (Select all that apply.) 

□ Postal mail

□ Email

□ Fax

□ Online via a ballot delivery portal 

□ Other (please specify): 
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Q29. When a UOCAVA voter submits a Federal Post Card Application (FPCA), for how long 

does the voter remain eligible to receive an absentee ballot?

o _____ months 

o _____ calendar years 

o _____ general elections 

o Until the voter moves (notified via postal service or voter)

o Other (please describe): 

Q30. What is the deadline for a domestic military UOCAVA voter to return a mail ballot? 

Select an option for both postmark and receipt deadlines, specifying the number of days if 

applicable. If your state requires ballots to be postmarked or to be received by a certain 

time, specify that information in the comments.

Ballot must be 

postmarked by:

o ____ days before Election Day

o Election Day

o Does not apply; postmark is not required. 

Ballot must be received 

by:

o ____ days before Election Day

o Election Day

o ____ business days after Election Day

o ____ calendar days after Election Day

Q30 Comments: 

Q31. What is the deadline for an overseas UOCAVA voter to return a mail ballot? Select an 

option for both postmark and receipt deadlines, specifying the number of days if applicable. 

If your state requires ballots to be postmarked or to be received by a certain time, specify 

that information in the comments.

Ballot must be 

postmarked by:

o ____ days before Election Day

o Election Day

o Does not apply; postmark is not required. 

Ballot must be received 

by:

o ____ days before Election Day

o Election Day

o ____ business days after Election Day

o ____ calendar days after Election Day

Q31 Comments: 
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Q32. Do the postmark requirements for UOCAVA ballots differ from the requirements for 

mail ballots from domestic civilian voters, as specified in Q23? 

o No

o Yes (please describe): 

Provisional Voting 

Q33. Does your state use provisional ballots?

o Yes 

o No

If Q33 = No, skip to Q34 

If Q33 = Yes, proceed to Q33a 

Q33a. Under what circumstances does your state use provisional ballots? (Select all that 

apply.) 

 A federal or state judge extends the polling place hours in a federal election. 

 An election official asserts that an individual is not eligible to vote. 

 Another person (not an election official) challenges a voter’s qualifications, and the 

poll worker is not able to resolve the challenge. 

 A voter’s name does not appear on the list of eligible voters. 

 A voter does not have proper identification (as defined by state law). 

 A voter is not a resident of the precinct in which they are attempting to vote. 

 A voter has changed their name or address (within the election jurisdiction) but has 

not updated their voter registration to reflect the new information. 

 A voter was issued a mail ballot, chooses to vote in person instead, and does not 

have the mail ballot to surrender to poll workers. 

 Other (please describe): 

Q33b. What is the deadline for adjudicating provisional ballots cast in the November 2022

general election? 

o Specific date: _____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY) 

o ____ business days after Election Day

o ____ calendar days after Election Day 
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Q33c. In the November 2022 general election, how will your state treat a provisional ballot if 

the ballot is cast in the wrong precinct by a voter? 

o Fully count the entire ballot 

o Partially count the ballot (e.g., only count the items on the ballot for which the voter 

would have been eligible had they voted in the correct precinct) 

o Reject the entire ballot 

Q33d. Who in your state is responsible for reviewing provisional ballot information to 

determine if the ballots are eligible to be counted? 

o A single election official

o More than one election official 

o An elected or appointed group (e.g., Board of Canvassers, Board of Elections)

o Other (please describe): 

Q33e. Does the person or entity that ultimately verifies/certifies the eligibility of the 

provisional ballots differ from the person or entity that reviews provisional ballots to 

determine if they are eligible to be counted? 

o No

o Yes (please explain): 

[Survey continues on next page]

 
OMB Control No. 3265-0006 Expiration Date 04/30/2025 23

Election Certification, Recounts, and Audits 

Q34. What is the deadline for your state’s election authorities to certify the final results of 

the November 2022 federal general election? 

If your state law dictates that certification must happen a certain number of days after the 

election, that information should be reported as the calendar date on which the deadline 

falls for the 2022 general election. 

If there are special circumstances that are an exception (e.g., the date is tentative, the date 

may be delayed if a recount is necessary or a certain condition is met, the election will be 

automatically certified if no contestations are filed by a certain date), these should be 

described in the comments.

Separate deadlines for certifying elections for state or local office do not need to be reported 

here; this question only collects information on the certification of federal elections by state 

election authorities. 

_____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY) 

Q34 Comments: 

[Survey continues on next page]

 
OMB Control No. 3265-0006 Expiration Date 04/30/2025 24

Recounts 

Q35. An election recount is a repeat tabulation of all votes cast in an election that is used to 

determine the correctness of an initial count. For the November 2022 general election, 

which of the following describes a reason a jurisdiction in your state may conduct a postelection recount of ballots? (Select all that apply.) 

Additional context for your answers should be provided in the comments (e.g., if recounts 

are triggered automatically in some circumstances, if the reasons for recounting differ based 

on the office or on whether the contest is a ballot measure).

 Results of a contest are within a specified margin (e.g., the top two candidates are 

within 1 percentage point). 

 An affected candidate or party requests a recount. 

 Results of a contest are within a specified margin and an affected candidate or party 

requests a recount (both conditions must be met). 

 Another person or group not affiliated with an affected candidate or party requests a 

recount (please describe): 

 A court orders a recount to be conducted. 

 An election authority, such as a state or county board of elections or the secretary of 

state, determines that a recount is warranted (please describe): 

 Other (please describe): 

Q35 Comments: 

Q35a. How are recounts conducted? (Select all that apply.) 

□ Manual recount of paper ballots or voter-verified paper audit trails (VVPAT)

□ Machine recount of paper ballots or VVPAT (e.g., using a ballot scanner or other ballot 

tabulation device)

□ Other (please describe): 

Q35a Comments: 

[Survey continues on next page]

 
OMB Control No. 3265-0006 Expiration Date 04/30/2025 25

Audits 

Q36. For the November 2022 general election, will your state conduct any of the following 

auditing activities, either before or after the election? (Select all that apply.) 

□ Access audit: An assessment of whether legal procedures were followed to ensure 

the election’s accessibility to voters with disabilities. 

□ Ballot design audit: An assessment of the usability of the ballot(s) in an election, 

often focusing particularly on voters with disabilities or voters who use ballots in 

languages other than English. 

□ Ballot reconciliation audit: A comparison of the published election results with the 

number of voters who signed poll books during in-person voting or whose mail ballot 

envelopes were checked in. 

□ Compliance audit or procedural audit: An audit that examines whether the 

established processes and procedures were followed throughout the election. 

□ Eligibility audit: A process to verify that the ballots that were counted were legally 

cast. 

□ Legal audit: An assessment of whether election practices comply with all applicable 

federal, state, and local laws. 

□ Logic and accuracy testing: A test to examine whether voting machines are tabulating 

votes correctly before vote tabulation begins, usually by creating a test deck of 

ballots and running them through the machines. 

□ Post-election tabulation audit: A sample of ballots are selected and re-tabulated, and 

the results are compared to the originally reported vote totals. 

□ Other (please describe): 

If Q36 = Post-election tabulation audit, proceed to Q36a 

If Q36 ≠ Post-election tabulation audit, skip to Q37 

Q36a. Will post-election tabulation audits be required in your state for the November 2022

general election? (Select all that apply.) 

□ Yes, post-election tabulation audits are required by statute. 

□ Yes, post-election tabulation audits are required by a formal administrative rule or 

guidance. 

□ No, post-election tabulation audits are optional. 

□ Other (please describe): 

If Q36a = No, skip to Q37 

If Q36a = Yes or Other, proceed to Q36b 
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Q36b. What type of post-election tabulation audit will be required in your state for the 

November 2022 general election? (Select all that apply.) 

 Traditional manual tabulation audit: Records from a fixed number or percentage of 

randomly selected voting districts or voting machines are manually counted and 

compared to the originally reported vote totals. 

 Traditional machine tabulation audit: Records from a fixed number or percentage of 

randomly selected voting districts or voting machines are machine counted and 

compared to the originally reported vote totals. 

 Risk limiting tabulation audit: A procedure for checking a sample of ballots (or voter 

verifiable records) that provides a prespecified statistical chance of correcting the 

reported outcome of an election if the reported outcome is wrong (that is, if a full 

hand count would reveal an outcome different from the reported outcome). 

 Other (please describe): 

Voter Identification 

Q37. For the 2022 general election, will voters (not including those who are first-time voters) 

be required to show an acceptable identification in order to cast a ballot in person?

o Yes 

o No

Q37 Comments: 

If Q37 = Yes, proceed to Q37a 

If Q37 = No, skip to Q38 

Q37a. Is photo identification required for voters to establish their identity for in-person 

voting?

o Yes 

o No

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OMB Control No. 3265-0006 Expiration Date 04/30/2025 27

Q37b. What happens if a person does not have acceptable identification at the polling site? 

(Select all that apply.) 

□ The voter can cast a provisional ballot. 

□ The voter can have another person formally vouch for the voter’s identity (please 

describe): 

□ The voter can sign an affidavit affirming their identity, with no other action required 

for the voter to vote. 

□ The voter must return at a later time to present appropriate identification to the 

election officials before their ballot can be counted. 

If Q37b = The voter must return at a later time, proceed to Q37c 

If Q37b = Any other option, skip to Q38 

Q37c. What is the deadline by which the voter must present the appropriate identification to 

election officials to verify their identity and to have their provisional ballot accepted and 

counted?

_____/______/________ (MM/DD/YYYY) 

Criminal Convictions and Voting 

Q38. Which of the following best describes the populations in your state whose ability to 

vote may be affected due to criminal conviction and/or incarceration? (Select all that apply.) 

 Individuals who are convicted of any felony

 Individuals who are convicted of certain felonies

 Individuals who are convicted of other crimes that are not felonies (please describe): 

 Individuals who are incarcerated

 No one; criminal convictions do not limit a person’s right to vote. 

Q38 Comments: 

If Q38 = No one, skip to End

If Q38 = Any individual, proceed to Q38a 
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Q38a. How long are voting rights affected for an individual in one of the populations you 

selected in Q38? (Select all that apply.) 

 During the period of incarceration

 During any period of probation and parole

 During any additional time (such as a statutorily mandated waiting period)

 Until the payment of outstanding fines, restitution, or penalties

 Other (please describe): 

Q38b. While the voting rights of a person in one of the populations specified in Q38 are 

affected, what happens to their registration record in your state’s voter registration 

database?

o Their registration record is removed from the database. 

o Their registration record is inactivated, which prevents the person from voting. 

o A hold or suspension is placed on the record, which prevents the person from voting. 

o Other (please describe): 

Q38c. What is required for a person to become an eligible voter again after their voting 

rights were affected due to criminal conviction and/or incarceration? (Select all that apply.) 

 A person’s previous registration is restored with no further action required by the 

voter. 

 A person is immediately eligible and must re-register to vote through the same 

registration process as the general public. 

 A person must present documentation during the registration process showing that 

they have completed the requirements for registering to vote. 

 A person must have their voting rights restored by the state through a formal 

administrative process (e.g., gubernatorial restoration or action by the state pardons 

and paroles board). 

 Other (please describe): 

END OF SURVEY

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