DTRA / NTPR - Standard Operating Procedures Manual

RA02 – Expedited Processing of Radiation Dose Assessments for Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Testing Veterans

Revision No.: 4.2

Date: May 15, 2022

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DEFENSE THREAT REDUCTION AGENCY

NUCLEAR TEST PERSONNEL REVIEW PROGRAM

RADIATION DOSE ASSESSMENT

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE

RA02 – Expedited Processing of Radiation Dose Assessments

for Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Testing Veterans

Revision 4.2

Cleared for Release

Key to SOP ID Codes

RA (Radiation Assessment – Standard Operating Procedures)

ED (External Dose – Standard Methods)

ID (Internal Dose – Standard Methods)

UA (Uncertainty Analysis – Standard Methods)
DTRA / NTPR - Standard Operating Procedures Manual

RA02 – Expedited Processing of Radiation Dose Assessments for Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Testing Veterans

Revision No.: 4.2

Date: May 15, 2022

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Revision Control

Revision Revision Description Revision Date Authorization 

Official

1.0 Published as RA03: Original SOP added as part of Revision 1.2 10/31/2007 Paul K. Blake

1.1 Published as RA03: SOP added as part of Revision 1.2 03/31/2008 Paul K. Blake

1.2 Published as RA03: Original 10/31/2008 Paul K. Blake

2.0 Rev 2.0 published as RA02: Major revision/renaming of RA03 

Rev 1.2 using DTRA-TR-10-29 and DTRA-TR-11-01 as a 

technical basis for an updated process for expedited processing of 

radiation dose assessments. 

07/22/2013 Daniel N. 

Mannis

2.1 Published as RA02: Revised to include expedited processing for 

chronic lymphocytic leukemia using NTPR-TM-13-02 as a 

technical basis, and clarification of prostate-only cases requiring 

further evaluation in Table 1 due to multiple series participation.

01/09/2014 Daniel N. 

Mannis

2.2 Language edits for clarity, instructions for items identified in the 

2014 Double Blind test, changes for separate RA05 H&N 

procedure, removal of Attachment 1 figures, removal of “case 

triage” references, revised forms in attachments, and Table Att 2-

1 organ consolidation.

6/30/2015 Daniel N. 

Mannis

3.0 Removes the Scenario of Participation and Radiation Exposure 

(SPARE) requirement for all claims except those with complex 

exposure scenarios that require a full radiation dose assessment.

12/07/2015 Daniel N. 

Mannis

3.1 Section 2 was rewritten to convey scope rather than descriptive 

text found in other sections and attachments; revisions made to 

Section 4 “Definitions,” Sections 5.3, 5.6, 5.9, 5.10, and 5.12 for 

clarity and consistency with SOP RA05; added “Summary of 

Participation” to Section 5.10; added new Section 5.11 (RDA 

Analyst Technical Review); revisions made to introductory text of 

Attachment 2 to remove NuTRIS organ codes; some rearranging 

of the organ entries were made in Table Att 2-1; edits throughout. 

10/30/2016 Lee A. Alleman

4.0 Sections 1-9 revised to remove XP doses to implement DTRA’s 

decision to update expedited processing of NTPR cases to use the 

EPG dose set and eliminate the interim XP dose set. Added new 

Attachment 1 (Initial doses); removed XP organs from 

Table Att 2-1; deleted Attachment 3 (XP Doses).

09/20/2019 Lee A. Alleman

4.1 Revised to explicitly address veteran cases in which the EPG 

TOD is greater than the LD. Added Attachment 3 to easily 

identify situations where the EPG TOD is greater than LD. 

Updated throughout to reflect change of DTRA DSS definitions. 

Revised to address new terminology related to NuTRIS-Web case 

processing. Standardized capitalization of roles. Editing and 

formatting changes accomplished as needed. 

10/10/2020 James D. Franks

4.2 - Revised Section 5.10 adding the case for assigning doses when a 

further evaluation and technical review result in 

“Estimated TOD” < LD < “EPG TOD”

- Corrected the external dose of the highest-dose cohort for HT-I 

Ships EPG in Table A5-11 from 0.8 to 1.55 rem

- Changed all Attachment table labels from “Att X-n” to “AX-n”

- Modified Table Att 2-1 (renamed Table A2-1 in this revision):

• Added diabetes and multiple myeloma

• Removed numerical ICD-9 codes

- Other editorial changes

05/15/2022 James D. Franks
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Table of Contents

Table of Contents....................................................................................................................... 3

List of Figures............................................................................................................................ 5

List of Tables............................................................................................................................. 5

1. Purpose and Summary.................................................................................................... 6

2. Scope.............................................................................................................................. 6

3. Responsibilities .............................................................................................................. 7

3.1 NTPR Research Analyst.......................................................................................7

3.2 DTRA NTPR Case Manager/DTRA Analyst........................................................7

3.3 Radiation Dose Assessment Analyst.....................................................................8

3.4 Quality Assurance Auditor...................................................................................8

4. Definitions...................................................................................................................... 8

5. Procedure: Detailed Activity/Task Description .............................................................10

5.1 Initial Case Review by NTPR Research Analysts...............................................11

5.2 Identification of NTPR Standard or Surrogate Organs........................................13

5.3 Expedited Processing Doses for the Skin or Lens of the Eye ..............................13

5.4 Dose Summary Sheet Documentation by NTPR Research Analyst.....................13

5.5 DTRA Analyst Case Review..............................................................................14

5.6 Determination of Significant Initial Neutron or Gamma Dose ............................14

5.7 Assigning Expedited Processing Group Doses ...................................................15

5.8 Identifying the Need for and Performing Further Evaluation ..............................16

5.9 RDA Analyst Technical Review.........................................................................17

5.10 Assigning Dose Components from Further Evaluation .......................................19

5.11 Completion of Applicable DSS Sections and the VA Response Letter................20

5.12 Quality Assurance Auditor Review ....................................................................21

6. Data and Records Management......................................................................................21

7. Quality Control and Quality Assurance..........................................................................21
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8. Referenced SOPs and Standard Methods from the NTPR/RDA SOP Manual.................22

9. References.....................................................................................................................22

Attachment 1. Initial Radiation Doses to Atmospheric Test Participants....................................24

Attachment 2. Cross-Reference of Diseased Organs, NTPR Standard Organs, and NIOSH IREP 

Cancer Risk Models...........................................................................................29

Attachment 3. EPG and Organ Combinations not Recommended for Expedited Processing ......34

Attachment 4. Example Blank DTRA Dose Summary Sheet (DSS)...........................................38

Attachment 5. General and EPG-Specific Exclusions for Expedited Processing Groups............41

Attachment 6. Organ Doses Corresponding to the Limiting Dose (PC=40 percent) and Screening 

Dose (PC=50 percent)........................................................................................66

Attachment 7. Expedited Processing Group Upper-Bound Doses Excluding Initial Gamma and 

Initial Neutron Doses.........................................................................................68

Attachment 8. QA/QC Review Report for Dose Summary Sheet...............................................74

Attachment 9. RDA Report Review Checklist...........................................................................77
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List of Figures

Figure 1. Expedited Processing of Dose Assessments: Process Overview.................................12

List of Tables

Table A1-1. Units and Project Elements with Initial Neutron Doses of 0.001 rem or greater.....25

Table A1-2. Doses from Initial Gamma Radiation for NTPR Participants..................................27

Table A5-1. General Exclusions Applicable to Pacific Proving Ground Ship-based Personnel* 42

Table A5-2. General Exclusions Applicable to Pacific Proving Ground Land-Based Personnel*

.................................................................................................................................................43

Table A5-3. General Exclusions Applicable to Participants During Testing at the Nevada Test 

Site*..........................................................................................................................................44

Table A5-4. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation CROSSROADS (1946) ....................45

Table A5-5. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation SANDSTONE (1948).......................49

Table A5-6. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation GREENHOUSE (1951)....................51

Table A5-7. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation IVY (1952).......................................52

Table A5-8. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation CASTLE (1954)...............................53

Table A5-9. Expedited Processing Group for Operation WIGWAM (1955) .............................55

Table A5-10. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation REDWING (1956) .........................56

Table A5-11. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation HARDTACK I (1958)....................57

Table A5-12. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation ARGUS (1958)...............................59

Table A5-13. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation DOMINIC I (1962) ........................60

Table A5-14. Expedited Processing Groups for Nevada Test Site (NTS)..................................61

Table A5-15. Expedited Processing Groups for PPG Post Operations.......................................65

Table A6-1. Organ Doses Corresponding to the Limiting Doses and Screening Doses..............67

Table A7-1. Estimated Radiation Dose (rem) for Ship-Based Personnel at the Pacific Proving 

Ground*....................................................................................................................................69

Table A7-2. Estimated Radiation Doses (rem) for Land-Based Personnel at the Pacific Proving 

Ground*....................................................................................................................................71

Table A7-3. Estimated Radiation Doses (rem) for Post-Operations Personnel at the Pacific 

Proving Ground*.......................................................................................................................72

Table A7-4. Estimated Radiation Doses (rem) for Personnel at the Nevada Test Site*..............73
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Standard Operating Procedure

RA02 – Expedited Processing of Radiation Dose Assessment for Atmospheric 

Nuclear Weapons Testing Veterans

1. Purpose and Summary

This standard operating procedure (SOP) describes the roles, responsibilities, and 

methodology for processing Department of Defense (DoD)/Defense Threat Reduction 

Agency (DTRA) Nuclear Test Personnel Review (NTPR) veterans’ radiation dose 

assessments (RDAs). These assessments are performed in response to requests from the 

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) on behalf of atmospheric nuclear weapons 

testing veterans. In particular, the SOP provides specific instructions for DTRA to use 

expedited processing to assess most atmospheric nuclear weapons testing veterans’ cases 

as recommended by the Veterans’ Advisory Board on Dose Reconstruction (DTRA, 

2006; DTRA, 2007a; DTRA, 2007b; VBDR, 2007). Expedited processing involves 

assignment of upper-bound group-based radiation doses to veterans with qualifying 

potential radiation exposure scenarios. Expedited processing of RDAs results in faster 

responses to VA requests as compared to developing individualized full RDAs using all 

veteran-specific exposure scenarios, and therefore facilitates more timely VA decisionmaking for veterans’ claims. For cases not qualifying for expedited processing under the 

criteria described in this SOP, direction is provided for conducting full RDAs, including 

references to appropriate DTRA NTPR SOPs. Finally, requirements and procedures for 

data and records management, and associated quality assurance (QA) activities are 

provided for completion of case processing.

This SOP is written for qualified NTPR Research Analysts, DTRA Analysts, RDA 

analysts, and QA auditors who process and evaluate atmospheric nuclear weapons testing 

veteran cases received from the VA. It is also targeted for managers who oversee the 

entire dose assessment process. The SOP conforms to procedures, methods, quality 

standards of assessment products, and established NTPR policies and guidelines.

2. Scope

This SOP applies to veterans’ claims for which a request for dose information is received 

from the VA under Title 38, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 3.311, Claims based on 

exposure to ionizing radiation (38 CFR 3.311). The SOP addresses those requests that 

involve exposure scenarios related to U.S. atmospheric nuclear testing at both the Pacific 

Proving Ground (PPG) and the Nevada Test Site (NTS). For the purpose of this SOP, 32 

groups were identified1 for potential expedited processing and are described in 

Attachment 5. 

All PPG and NTS cases are initially evaluated for expedited processing. Any case that 

does not qualify for expedited processing under the criteria described in this SOP will

1 Attachment 5 describes the 32 groups that were identified in Case et al. (2011b). One of these groups 

(DOMINIC I, all personnel) was subsequently divided into two groups (DOMINIC I Ships, DOMINIC I Land) for 

inclusion in Attachment 7.
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require an individualized assessment as described in SOP RA01. The scope of this SOP is 

primarily for claims involving cancers of one or more internal organs or skin, but also 

includes non-cancerous conditions when requested by the VA and documented in the 

NTPR veteran electronic case documents. 

The expedited processing methodology described in this SOP addresses all aspects of 

radiation dose determination to satisfy the requirements of 38 CFR 3.311. The expedited 

process also addresses all aspects of radiation dose determination to satisfy the 

requirements of Title 32, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 218, Guidance for the 

Determination and Reporting of Nuclear Radiation Dose for DoD Participants in the 

Atmospheric Nuclear Test Program (32 CFR 218) (DoD, 2021). The methodology 

described in this SOP also assures that radiation dose assessments consider the benefit of 

the doubt for assuring consistency with Department of Veterans Affairs (38 CFR 3.102) 

requirements (VA, 2021).

3. Responsibilities

3.1 NTPR Research Analyst

The NTPR Research Analyst is responsible for completing the input fields of the DTRA 

Dose Summary Sheet (DSS) that provide historical and dose-related information from the 

Nuclear Test Review Information System (NuTRIS) database. The NTPR Research

Analyst summarizes veteran comments with clarifications and responses based on 

historical and dose-related information from all available records and documents that are 

relevant to the veteran’s claim. The NTPR Research Analyst documents potential 

exclusions from expedited processing or other special considerations in the DSS. On a 

preliminary basis, the NTPR Research Analyst identifies the applicable expedited 

processing group(s) (EPG) and corresponding doses based on the veteran’s scenario of 

participation and affected organ(s), tissue(s), or disease(s).

3.2 DTRA NTPR Case Manager/DTRA Analyst

The DTRA NTPR Case Manager or designee in the position of DTRA Case Manager, 

identified in this SOP as the DTRA Analyst, performs the majority of tasks for the 

expedited processing dose assignments, including:

• Reviewing veteran-provided, historical, NTPR-developed, and other information 

pertinent to the veteran’s potential exposure to radiation

• Determining the need for and requesting a Scenario of Participation and Radiation 

Exposure (SPARE) if deemed necessary to perform the dose assessment;

• Determining the need for additional, veteran-specific information

• Determining the applicability of the expedited processing dose assignments to an 

individual veteran’s case

• Requesting further technical evaluation by an RDA Analyst and reviewing the 

findings of the evaluation
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• Documenting the radiation dose assignment evaluation and basis of the decisionmaking process in the DTRA DSS and the VA response letter

• Reviewing the results of QA auditor comments

• Assigning expedited processing doses from this SOP, or bounding doses estimated by 

an RDA Analyst, and documenting the dose assessment results in the DTRA DSS and 

VA response letter.

3.3 Radiation Dose Assessment Analyst

At the request of the DTRA Analyst, the radiation dose assessment analyst (RDA 

Analyst) performs further evaluations of cases to support the dose assignment process. 

These further evaluations are in the form of technical reviews or full RDAs. The RDA 

Analyst may request assistance from the DTRA NTPR Case Manager if additional 

veteran-specific information is necessary to evaluate a case. Technical reviews by an 

RDA Analyst are documented in the form of memoranda with supporting dose 

calculations where applicable. If expedited processing is not possible for a specific case, 

the RDA Analyst performs a full RDA in accordance with SOP RA01 – Radiation Dose 

Assessment for Cases Requiring Detailed Analysis.

3.4 Quality Assurance Auditor

The quality assurance auditor (QA auditor), with the assistance of a QA reviewer as 

needed, performs and documents independent quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) 

reviews of the decision-making process and the resulting dose assignment(s) as 

documented in the DTRA DSS and/or RDA Analyst documentation. This external review 

is conducted to assure that dose assignments and required documentation are clear, 

complete, and follow NTPR policies and procedures. The QA auditor documents the 

results of the review in a QA/QC Review Report for DTRA (Attachment 8) and/or an 

RDA Report Review Checklist (Attachment 9).

4. Definitions

BVA Board of Veterans’ Appeals

DoD Department of Defense

Dose component Potential contributor to total organ dose, including:

‒ Initial external gamma dose

‒ Initial external neutron dose

‒ External gamma dose from residual radiation

‒ Other external dose (e.g., check sources, calibration sources)

‒ Internal alpha dose

‒ Internal beta plus gamma dose
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DSS Dose Summary Sheet (see Attachment 4)

DTRA Defense Threat Reduction Agency

EPG Expedited processing group as documented in Case et al. (2011a 

and 2011b)

EPG TOD Expedited processing group total organ dose, the sum of the target 

or surrogate organ EPG upper-bound dose values. These doses 

have been pre-determined to bound the actual doses received by all 

members of an EPG

Exclusion A specific activity or exposure scenario that may result in 

distinctly higher doses than the exposure scenario used for the 

applicable EPG due to special exposure circumstances (Case et al., 

2011a) 

Expedited processing An approach to radiation dose assessment that avoids the need for 

individualized assessments. Using this approach, some or all 

radiation dose components assigned for a veteran’s participation 

are upper-bound group-based default values. The total of assigned 

expedited processing doses are either well above or well below 

doses that could result in a VA service-connection determination

Full RDA An RDA developed by an RDA Analyst that uses veteran-specific 

dose parameter values and includes all dose components in 

accordance with SOP RA01. A full RDA is performed for cases 

that are excluded from expedited processing 

Further evaluation Case evaluation beyond the initial review by the DTRA Analyst

for expedited processing

H&N Hiroshima and Nagasaki, locations that are included in the NTPR 

program for selected World War II prisoners of war (POWs) and 

post-World War II occupation forces during specified time periods

LD Limiting dose, a radiation dose value that corresponds to a generic 

40 percent probability of causation for a specific cancer, as 

reported in DTRA-TR-10-29 (Case et al., 2011a), applicable only 

to cancers

NIOSH-IREP National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Interactive 

RadioEpidemiological Program, a computer code used to calculate 

the probability that a cancer was caused by a radiation dose 

(NIOSH, 2002 and NIOSH, 2020)

NTPR Nuclear Test Personnel Review

NTS Nevada Test Site, a site of U.S. atmospheric nuclear weapons 

testing 
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NuTRIS Nuclear Test Review Information System, a computer database of 

veteran information and dosimetry data

NuTRIS-Web NTPR Program’s case management, document management, and 

database application

POW Prisoner of war, a veteran held as a prisoner by the Japanese during 

World War II

PPG Pacific Proving Ground, a site of U.S. atmospheric nuclear 

weapons testing 

PM Program Manager

QA/QC Quality assurance / quality control

RDA Radiation dose assessment

SD Screening dose, a radiation dose value that corresponds to a 

generic 50 percent probability of causation for a specific cancer, as 

reported in DTRA-TR-10-29 (Case et al., 2011a), applicable only 

to cancers

SOP Standard operating procedure

SPARE Scenario of participation and radiation exposure, a document 

containing detailed information on an NTPR participant’s activities

and scenarios of exposure to radiation during involvement in the 

U.S. atmospheric nuclear weapon testing program or the 

occupation of Japan or as a POW in Japan

Surrogate organ An NTPR standard organ used for dose calculations as a substitute 

organ when no published dose conversion factors are available for 

the requested disease or medical condition 

Target organ The biological organ or tissue that is associated with the specific 

medical condition for which a radiation dose determination has 

been requested by the VA

TOD Total organ dose, the total of all external and internal dose 

components for a target organ

VA Department of Veterans Affairs

VBDR Veterans’ Advisory Board on Dose Reconstruction

5. Procedure: Detailed Activity/Task Description

The methodology for expedited processing of NTPR cases with claimed target organs 

other than skin and lens of the eye described in this SOP utilizes the supporting technical 

information and the maximizing upper-bound doses estimated for large expedited 

processing groups (EPGs). This methodology and the EPG dose results were published in 

DTRA technical reports DTRA-TR-10-29, A Technical Approach to Expedited 
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RA02 – Expedited Processing of Radiation Dose Assessments for Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Testing Veterans

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Processing of NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments (Case et al., 2011a) and 

DTRA-TR-11-01, Compendium of Proposed NTPR Expedited Processing Groups (Case 

et al., 2011b). The EPG doses were developed for 32 groups based on similarity of 

activities and exposure pathways among EPG members participating at the PPG or NTS.

The use of well-documented EPG doses and supporting technical information developed 

in the above-mentioned DTRA technical reports, together with the procedures in this 

SOP, assures that expedited processing results in the assignment of total doses for cases 

other than skin or lens of the eye that are well below the screening doses (SD) as 

recommended by the VBDR. Use of the EPG information also assures that the assigned 

doses will “almost always be higher than doses that were estimated in previous RDAs for 

the same condition, thus providing maximum benefit of the doubt to the veteran” 

(VBDR, 2007).

The EPG doses are not intended to be representations of doses actually received by 

veterans. However, the EPG doses bound the actual doses received by any individual 

included in the applicable EPG. When individuals are found to have performed activities 

that exclude them from an EPG, such cases are reviewed further on a case-by-case basis. 

A flow diagram that shows a process overview of expedited processing of dose 

assessments is provided in Figure 1. The major tasks are described below in this section. 

5.1 Initial Case Review by NTPR Research Analysts

Upon receipt of a request for dose information from the VA, a veteran’s case is 

supplemented by the NTPR Research Analyst, to include all relevant records and other 

information in accordance with the NTPR Program Support and Management SOP 

(DTRA, 2020). 

The NTPR Research Analyst reviews the completed case that may include, but is not 

limited to the following:

• Veteran-provided information, including statements, comments, identification of 

unusual exposure conditions, and answers to questionnaires regarding the exposure

• VA-furnished information, particularly the diseases or target organs for which doses 

are requested

• Historical veteran- and operation-specific information

• Previously determined veteran-, cohort-, and operation-specific radiation doses

• Additional medical opinion(s) available regarding the disease(s) or the target organ(s)

• The SPARE, if available.
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Figure 1. Expedited Processing of Dose Assessments: Process Overview

NTPR Research Analyst

• Supplement and review case

• Identify target/surrogate organ(s)

• For solely skin or lens of eye cases 

requiring no further evaluation, 

recommend expedited processing doses for 

DTRA Analyst review and approval

• Complete as applicable DTRA DSS items 

including target/surrogate organ, NuTRIS 

historical and dose-related information, 

veteran-provided information, NTPR 

Research Analyst comments with 

clarifications and responses to veteran 

comments, and any preliminary dose 

assessment recommendations

• Forward case with VA draft or final 

response letter and/or DSS to DTRA 

Analyst.

DTRA Analyst

• Review case including, as applicable, 

NTPR Research Analyst info, comments, 

and responses in DSS and QA review 

results

• Review/approve any NTPR Research 

Analyst recommended doses for solely skin 

or lens of eye cases

• Request SPARE if needed

• Determine need for and request additional 

veteran-specific information

• Provide or request from RDA Analyst 

further evaluation, when necessary

• Complete DSS DTRA Analyst Comments 

with a recommendation to complete 

expedited processing or a request for 

further evaluation by an RDA Analyst.

RDA Analyst

As requested by DTRA analyst:

• Review the case file

• Request assistance from DTRA NTPR 

Case Manager to obtain necessary 

additional veteran specific information

• Perform further evaluation and dose 

assessment in accordance with RDA SOP 

“RA01 Radiation Dose Assessment for 

Cases Requiring Detailed Analyst” as 

required

• Document further evaluation in a technical 

review memo to DTRA or a full RDA 

report with associated dose calculations as 

applicable.

DTRA Analyst

• Review any RDA Analyst further 

evaluation

• Assign doses as applicable

• Complete dose assignment items in DSS 

and draft VA response letter.

QA Auditor

• Review case with competed DSS, draft or 

final VA response letter, and any RDA 

Analyst information from further 

evaluation

• Document QA review in a QA/QC Review 

Report and/or an RDA Report Review 

Checklist for transmittal to DTRA analyst. 

QA Comment Resolution

Repeat process from any step as needed to 

address QA Review concerns.
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5.2 Identification of NTPR Standard or Surrogate Organs

The NTPR Research Analyst uses the target organ(s), tissue(s), or disease(s) as stated in 

the VA dose request to make a preliminary identification of the NTPR standard organ(s) 

or tissue(s) from Attachment 2 to be used for dose assessment. The NTPR Research 

Analyst documents the identified organ or tissue in the DSS.

5.3 Expedited Processing Doses for the Skin or Lens of the Eye

Expedited processing doses for the skin and lens of the eye have previously been 

reviewed and approved by DTRA and the VBDR as 550 rem and 28 rem, respectively 

(DTRA, 2006, 2007a). These doses are applicable to any NTPR PPG or NTS participant 

with claims of relevant diseases regardless of specific exposure scenarios. These doses 

reflect the high level of uncertainty associated with determination of doses for which 

localized beta radiation-emitting contamination can play an important role. Although 

actual doses may be well below these conservatively estimated doses, the uncertainties in 

beta radiation dose estimation methods prevent ruling out with high enough confidence 

that at least some areas might have received non-uniform dose depositions that equal or 

exceed values that could result in a VA service-connection determination. The expedited 

processing skin dose of 550 rem is well above the NIOSH-IREP screening doses for skin 

cancers (Kocher and Apostoaei, 2007) and the 28 rem dose to the lens of the eye is 

considered “as likely as not” to result in cataracts (VA, 2011). Cases that involve skin 

and/or lens of the eye should be processed as follows:

• For PPG or NTS cases for which the applicable organ(s) is solely skin and/or lens of 

the eye, the NTPR Research Analyst recommends assigning the expedited processing 

doses shown above. This recommendation applies to cases involving cancers as well 

as non-cancer diseases. These recommendations are subject to DTRA Analyst review 

and approval. A QA auditor review is not required, and no DSS is needed for these 

dose assignments.

• For PPG or NTS cases that involve skin and/or lens of the eye and additional internal 

organs, the NTPR Research Analyst recommends assigning expedited processing 

doses for all diseases of the skin and/or lens of the eye. The dose assignments for all 

other organs should be made using the instructions given below. If further evaluation 

of the other organ dose assignments results in performing a full RDA, assessment of 

skin and/or lens of the eye doses is not necessary. This means that the expedited 

processing doses for skin and/or lens of the eye shown above should still be assigned

even if the assessment of doses to other organs is performed using a full RDA.

5.4 Dose Summary Sheet Documentation by NTPR Research Analyst

For dose assignments for other than solely skin and/or lens of the eye, following initial 

case review, the NTPR researcher completes the “Researcher’s Comments” section of the 

DTRA DSS (Attachment 4). In completing this, the NTPR Research Analyst summarizes 

veteran comments, particularly those that might pertain to, or that the veteran might 
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expect to pertain to, potential radiation exposure. The NTPR Research Analyst may 

clarify or respond to issues raised by the veteran when pertinent historical information is 

available to do so. 

The NTPR Research Analyst completes additional items in the DTRA DSS 

(Attachment 4) and selects applicable EPG(s) along with the corresponding pre-estimated 

doses for the applicable target/standard organ(s) identified per guidance in Section 5.2. 

The NTPR Research Analyst prepares a draft response letter for reporting NTPR assigned 

doses to the VA. For VA dose requests that are for a specific disease instead of a physical 

location or organ, such as for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the requested disease 

should be indicated in the draft VA response letter.

The NTPR Research Analyst then forwards the case, including the DTRA DSS and the 

draft VA response letter, to the DTRA Analyst for review and decision on dose 

assignment.

5.5 DTRA Analyst Case Review

The DTRA Analyst reviews available case information, including completed portions of 

the DTRA DSS. During this review, the DTRA Analyst performs the following tasks:

• Reviews the case, including the NTPR Research Analyst-summarized information, 

veteran comments, and clarifications and responses to the veteran’s comments that 

are documented in the DSS

• Verifies that the NTPR standard organ(s) or tissue(s) is correctly identified and, if 

necessary, requests an expert medical opinion. If there is a question regarding the 

applicable organ or the radiogenicity of a medical condition, the DTRA Analyst

should seek a medical opinion from a qualified physician knowledgeable in 

radiogenic illnesses.

• Verifies the applicable EPG(s)

• Determines the need for and requests additional information.

Information from this review is documented in the DSS per Section 5.11.

5.6 Determination of Significant Initial Neutron or Gamma Dose

For cases that do not involve any general or EPG-specific exclusions listed in 

Attachment 5, the DTRA Analyst reviews Attachment 1, Tables A1-1 and A1-2, to 

determine potential contribution to the veteran’s dose from initial external neutron and/or 

gamma radiation. The DTRA Analyst requests further evaluation by the RDA Analyst if 

additional information is necessary to make this determination.

Per Weitz and Egbert (2010), for PPG participation, only selected Operation REDWING 

and Operation HARDTACK I aircrews may have received initial neutron doses that are 

potentially above 0.001 rem upper-bound dose, and “...participants in the oceanic test 
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series [PPG] who were present on land or aboard ship at the times of detonation received 

initial gamma doses of less than 0.001 rem.”

5.7 Assigning Expedited Processing Group Doses

The DTRA Analyst performs dose assignment using the following guidance unless 

otherwise documented in the DSS. If the conditions below are not met, then determine 

the need for further evaluation per Section 5.8.

• For cases in which the applicable organ(s) includes skin and/or lens of the eye, the 

DTRA Analyst assigns expedited processing doses as described in Section 5.3.

• For cases with only one PPG or NTS operation participation, the DTRA Analyst

assigns the applicable EPG dose components plus any initial external gamma and 

neutron doses for the target organ if:

‒ The veteran is a member of an identified EPG

‒ The veteran’s radiation exposure scenario does not include an identified general 

or EPG-specific exclusion

‒ The EPG total organ dose (TOD) plus any initial external gamma and neutron 

doses is less than the limiting dose (LD) for the target organ in the case of cancers

(see Attachments 1 and 6). For cases with no initial radiation exposures, all 

situations where the EPG TOD is higher than the LD are shown in the chart in 

Attachment 3.

• For cases with multiple PPG and/or NTS operation participation, the DTRA Analyst

assigns the sum of the applicable EPG dose components plus any initial external 

gamma and neutron doses for the target organ if:

‒ The veteran is a member of an identified EPG for each separate participation

‒ There are no exclusions other than multiple operations

‒ The sum of the applicable PPG and/or NTS EPG TODs plus any initial external 

gamma and neutron doses is less than the LD in the case of cancers (see 

Attachments 1 and 6).

• For cases with PPG and/or NTS participation plus H&N participation, the DTRA 

Analyst assigns the EPG dose components plus any initial external gamma and 

neutron doses for the target organ if:

‒ H&N doses are determined in accordance with SOP RA05

‒ The veteran is a member of an identified PPG and/or NTS EPG, and there are no 

exclusions other than multiple operations (H&N skin cancer exclusions can be 

ignored for PPG and NTS skin dose assignments)

‒ The sum of the PPG and/or NTS EPG TODs including any initial gamma or 

neutron dose and the H&N EPG or RDA TOD is less than the LD in the case of 

cancers (see Attachments 1 and 6). 
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• For cases involving solely non-malignant thyroid diseases such as benign thyroid 

nodular disease, the DTRA Analyst assigns the applicable EPG dose components for 

thyroid if:

‒ The veteran is a member of an identified PPG and/or NTS EPG, and there is not 

an identified exclusion to the applicable EPG(s)

‒ The sum of the applicable EPG TODs plus initial external gamma and neutron 

doses is not more than 36 rem. 

This dose assignment is supported by expert medical opinion indicating that radiation 

doses in the range of 25–36 rem would be unlikely to change the probability of 

causation for benign thyroid nodular disease from “unlikely” to “as likely as not.” 

(Reeves, 2012)

5.8 Identifying the Need for and Performing Further Evaluation

Further evaluation of a case should be initiated if any of the following conditions exist:

• The criteria of Section 5.7 are not met

• There is no applicable EPG for the veteran’s exposure scenario

• The applicable EPG TOD is greater than the applicable LD

• There are unusual aspects, or a poorly defined veteran exposure scenario identified by 

the DTRA Analyst.

Further evaluation may consist of a more detailed review by the DTRA Analyst, a 

technical review by an RDA Analyst, and/or a full RDA. These three options are 

described as follows:

• A DTRA Analyst more detailed review of available information. Typically, this more 

detailed review will be conducted for reasons such as the veteran is not a member of 

an identified EPG, or that the veteran’s specific exposure scenario includes, or is 

likely to include, one or more exclusion activities other than participation in multiple 

operations. The purpose of the review is to determine if it can be concluded that the 

veteran’s actual TOD, including doses from any exclusion activities, is less than or 

equal to the applicable EPG TOD and is less than the applicable LD for cancers. If 

these conclusions can be reached by the DTRA Analyst, the EPG doses are assigned. 

If the conclusions cannot be reached by the DTRA Analyst, the case is referred to an 

RDA Analyst for a technical review or full RDA. Pertinent results of a DTRA 

Analyst review are documented in the Case Manager Comments of the DTRA DSS 

(Attachment 4).

If the DTRA Analyst determines that an RDA Analyst technical review is required, 

the DTRA Analyst documents the reasons in the DSS and forwards the request to an 

RDA Analyst. For all RDA Analyst technical reviews, the DTRA Analyst requests 
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the development of either a SPARE or a “Summary of Participation” as deemed 

necessary to effectively evaluate the veteran’s exposure scenario. If a “Summary of 

Participation” is requested by the DTRA Analyst, it is prepared by the NTPR 

Research Analyst and can be included in the DSS in the “Researcher’s Comments” 

section or provided as a separate document. The “Summary of Participation” should 

include the following information: 

‒ Veteran’s Statements (similar to Section I of a SPARE)

‒ Service and unit records (similar to Section IIa of a SPARE)

‒ Operational records and reports to include only the information relevant to the 

veteran and his unit’s participation and activities (an abbreviated version of 

Section IIb of a SPARE).

• An RDA Analyst technical review. A technical review may be performed by an RDA 

Analyst sufficiently experienced in performing full RDAs. Following a review of the 

case information, the RDA Analyst should determine with few or no detailed 

calculations whether it is possible to estimate bounding doses for the veteran’s 

scenario of participation with a TOD that is less than the applicable LD. A description 

of the technical review process performed by an RDA Analyst is provided in 

Section 5.9. 

• An RDA Analyst full RDA. A full RDA addresses all radiation dose components, 

generally with detailed calculations. A full RDA is performed and documented in 

accordance with RDA SOP RA01. 

5.9 RDA Analyst Technical Review

An RDA Analyst technical review is performed to support a veteran case expedited 

processing decision as described in Section 5.8. A technical review is conducted in 

accordance with the steps described below. 

• Review Case Information

Upon receipt of a request for a technical review, the RDA Analyst obtains the case 

and performs an initial review of the DTRA DSS, and the veteran’s SPARE if 

included, and identifies the reason(s) for the request. If additional reasons for 

conducting a technical review are identified, these are noted and communicated to the 

DTRA Analyst. The RDA Analyst should confirm the exclusion(s), select or verify 

the identified EPG(s) (as applicable), and verify the identified target and NTPR 

standard organ(s)/tissue(s). 

As necessary, the RDA Analyst conducts additional review of the case, the applicable 

EPG documentation, and related supporting reports and analyses. The RDA Analyst

should determine if additional information needs to be obtained and/or reviewed in 

order to complete the technical review. Any discrepancies between the case 
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documentation (DSS, SPARE, and draft letter to VA) and the veteran’s statements or 

participation history should be noted and resolved.

• Identify Applicable Exposure Scenarios

Applicable scenarios include all potential pathways of exposure involved in the 

veteran’s participation activities, and are determined from the review of the case, 

including any veteran statements. If an applicable EPG has been identified, 

corresponding generic cohort exposure scenarios and dose assessments have already 

been reported (Case et al., 2011a and 2011b). The veteran’s exposure scenarios may 

be the same as those included in the applicable EPG assessment if the case was 

referred for reasons other than exclusion activities, or they may involve additional 

pathways if exclusion activities have been identified. If no EPG is applicable, 

exposure pathways must be determined as described in SOP RA01. 

• Conduct Dose Assessments for Applicable Exposure Scenarios

An assessment of all potential doses is conducted to determine total upper-bound 

external and internal doses that clearly bound the veteran’s actual doses, and that can 

be compared to the applicable EPG doses (Attachment 7). In addition, the bounding 

veteran TOD should be compared to the applicable LD (Attachment 6). The RDA 

Analyst should initially determine if it will be possible to estimate a bounding TOD 

that meets the criteria for expedited processing of the case (Sections 5.7 and 5.8). If 

that determination cannot be made, a request for additional information is made, or 

the case is recommended for a full RDA. 

The technical review dose assessment should follow the general methodology used 

for full RDA dose estimates (SOP RA01) with additional simplifications and use of 

maximum plausible parameter values in order to expedite the determination of 

bounding doses. The technical review dose assessment must consider external doses 

from initial neutron and gamma radiation and all applicable sources of external and 

internal doses from residual gamma radiation. Upper-bound doses are calculated 

using standard uncertainty factors and typically are estimated assuming that all doses 

are correlated. Internal technical reviews are conducted using SOP RA04 as guidance. 

The technical review dose assessment can often be completed by modifying the dose 

calculation worksheets of the applicable EPG through the addition of exposure 

pathways for veteran-specific exclusion activities. The EPG worksheet parameters 

may also be modified to reflect known veteran-specific or NTPR RDA default values. 

Also, additional dose calculation worksheets should be developed as needed. Finally, 

a concise description of the case and a listing of all bounding dose components should 

be summarized in a technical memorandum (see below) and supporting calculation

worksheets. 

• Prepare and Transmit a Technical Memorandum 

If the RDA Analyst concludes that the veteran’s bounding TOD is less than the 

applicable LD, then a summary of the assessment and dose results are transmitted to 
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the DTRA Analyst in a technical memorandum. The technical memorandum should 

generally include the following elements:

‒ the NTPR case Person ID and reference of the request to perform a technical 

review;

‒ a clear and specific statement of the conclusion reached by the RDA Analyst;

‒ a summary description of the key features of the veteran’s participation that are 

relevant to the technical review;

‒ the reason(s) that the RDA Analyst technical review was requested, and any other 

elements of the veteran’s participation that are specifically addressed in the 

technical review;

‒ a description of the bounding dose estimation, including veteran-specific 

assumptions, as well as a side-by-side EPG versus veteran-specific bounding dose 

parameter values, if applicable; and

‒ a summary table containing a comparison of the bounding and EPG dose 

components and TODs, or the bounding dose components for cases where the 

bounding TOD is higher than the EPG TOD and lower than the LD.

Dose calculation worksheets should be enclosed with the technical memorandum and 

may include information that serves as a substitute for certain items listed above or 

provide additional details supporting the bounding dose estimates. 

If the RDA Analyst determines that it is not possible to readily estimate bounding doses 

for the veteran that result in a TOD, plus any applicable initial doses, which is less than 

the applicable LD for any of the claimed organs, then the DTRA Analyst is informed 

with the RDA Analyst’s conclusion and recommendation to conduct a full RDA. Upon 

concurrence of the DTRA Analyst, the RDA Analyst performs a full RDA. 

5.10 Assigning Dose Components from Further Evaluation

For cases where the target organ is other than solely skin or lens of the eye, doses from 

further evaluation, as described in Section 5.8, are assigned as follows:

• If the RDA Analyst concludes that the veteran’s TOD from estimated bounding doses 

is less than or equal to the applicable EPG TOD (or sum of EPG TODs in the case of 

multiple operations) and less than the applicable LD, i.e., “Estimated

TOD” ≤ “EPG TOD” < LD, then the applicable EPG doses (or the sum of applicable 

EPG doses in the case of multiple operations) are assigned for each veteran’s claimed 

organ. In cases with applicable initial neutron and gamma doses, such initial doses 

should be added to the EPG TOD (or sum of EPG TODs in the case of multiple 

operations) for comparison with each organ LD. Initial doses are assigned to the 

veteran in addition to other doses. 
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• If the RDA Analyst's estimated bounding doses (or the sum of estimated bounding

doses in the case of multiple operations) result in a TOD that is greater than the 

applicable EPG TOD (or sum of EPG TODs in the case of multiple operations) but

less than the applicable LD, i.e., “EPG TOD” < “Estimated TOD” < LD, then the 

estimated bounding doses for each applicable operation are assigned. In cases with 

applicable initial neutron and gamma doses, such initial doses should be added to the 

estimated TOD (or sum of estimated TODs in the case of multiple operations) for 

comparison with each organ LD. Initial doses are assigned to the veteran in addition 

to other doses. 

• In cases where the applicable EPG TOD is greater than the applicable LD per 

Section 5.8 above, if the RDA Analyst's estimated bounding doses (or the sum of 

estimated bounding doses in the case of multiple operations) result in a TOD that is 

lower than the applicable LD, i.e., “Estimated TOD” < LD < “EPG TOD”, then the 

estimated bounding doses for each applicable operation are assigned. In cases with 

applicable initial neutron and gamma doses, such initial doses should be added to the 

estimated TOD (or sum of estimated TODs in the case of multiple operations) for 

comparison with each organ LD. Initial doses are assigned to the veteran in addition 

to other doses.

• If the RDA Analyst's estimated bounding doses (or the sum of estimated bounding

doses in the case of multiple operations) result in a TOD that is greater than the 

applicable LD, a full RDA is performed. In these cases, all RDA dose components, 

including any initial doses, are assigned to the veteran’s affected organs. 

5.11 Completion of Applicable DSS Sections and the VA Response Letter

The DTRA Analyst completes applicable sections of the DSS (Attachment 4) using 

Research Analyst-documented information from the DSS, the SPARE if available, 

veteran-provided information, and other relevant information from the case. The DTRA 

Analyst documents the reference document, typically this or another RDA SOP, that is 

the basis for the dose assignment decision. 

In Case Manager Comments of the DTRA DSS, the DTRA Analyst documents the 

specific EPG(s) used in the decision-making and additional exposure scenarios–including 

applicable exclusions that are consistent with historical records, different than those of 

the applicable EPG and that could potentially result in radiation doses greater than those 

of the applicable EPG. The DTRA Analyst documents whether any such additional 

exposure scenarios could increase the TOD to above the applicable EPG TOD. The 

DTRA Analyst also summarizes the rationale used for the dose assignment, pertinent 

historical and dose information, and veteran comments and applicable responses. 

The standard organ, tissue or disease identified per Section 5.2 should be entered for the 

Internal Organ in the DSS. The DTRA Analyst documents the DSS dose assignment and 

justification in the VA response letter. For cases in which the RDA Analyst completes a 
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technical memorandum or a full RDA, the total rounded external and internal doses are 

reported in final VA response letters.

5.12 Quality Assurance Auditor Review

The QA auditor reviews the case and documents the performance of the quality review of 

the decision-making process, the DTRA DSS (Attachment 4), the draft VA response 

letter, RDA Analyst documentation, if applicable, and the resulting dose assignment for 

clarity, completeness, and conformance to NTPR policies and procedures. The QA 

auditor may be assisted by a QA reviewer for this review. The QA auditor documents the 

results of the review on a QA/QC Review Report and/or an RDA Report Review 

Checklist, Attachments 8 and 9, respectively. If corrections or changes are recommended 

by the QA auditor, actions described above may be repeated as appropriate for the 

completion and documentation of the dose assignment and reporting of results to the VA.

6. Data and Records Management

Documentation resulting from implementation of this SOP is entered into the case and 

may include any of the following, as applicable:

• Relevant documentation obtained or developed in accordance with NTPR Program 

Support and Management SOP (DTRA, 2020)

• NTPR Research Analyst additions to the DTRA DSS (Attachment 4)

• DTRA Analyst additions to the DTRA DSS (Attachment 4)

• Results of the RDA Analyst’s further evaluation of the case, if applicable, including a 

technical review memorandum to the DTRA Analyst

• Full RDA reports, if applicable, prepared in accordance with RDA SOP RA01

• QA auditor QA/QC Review Report and/or RDA Report Review Checklist

• Draft and/or final VA response letter.

7. Quality Control and Quality Assurance

Expedited processing of dose assignments is performed under DTRA NTPR program 

management by authorized qualified personnel following SOPs and documenting both 

the process and the results as described in this and other applicable SOPs (DTRA, 2020). 

This and other quality assurance- and RDA-related SOPs have been reviewed by 

Subcommittees 1 (DTRA Dose Reconstruction Procedures) and 3 (Quality Management 

and VA Process Integration with DTRA NTPR Program) of the Veterans’ Advisory 

Board on Dose Reconstruction. The VBDR was established in 2003 and provided 

guidance and oversight of the dose reconstruction and claims compensation program for 

veterans through 2013. The VBDR also provided assistance to the VA and DTRA in 

communicating information on the mission, procedures and requirements of the VBDR to 

veterans.
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In addition to performing reviews of SOPs, the VBDR Subcommittee 1 provided reviews 

of selected cases processed using historic expedited processing and using full RDAs 

performed in accordance with detailed RDA SOPs. Lessons learned were identified for 

full RDA processing during these reviews and any recommendations for improvement of 

expedited or full RDA processing were documented and tracked to completion.

Independent review of the records, processes, and results related to radiation dose 

assignment, including both expedited processing and full RDAs, is performed and 

documented by the QA auditor. Results of case processing and quality reviews are 

reported to DTRA NTPR program management during semi-annual NTPR Program 

Management Reviews and an associated Reported Quality Issues (RQIs) spreadsheet. 

Areas in need of corrective action are identified and tracked through to correction on the 

RQI.

8. Referenced SOPs and Standard Methods from the NTPR/RDA SOP Manual

(1) SOP RA01 – Radiation Dose Assessment for Cases Requiring Detailed Analysis

(2) SOP RA04 – Internal RDA Reviews

(3) SOP RA05 – Expedited Processing of Radiation Dose Assessments for NTPR Hiroshima 

and Nagasaki Veterans

(4) SM ID01 – Doses to Organs from Intake of Radioactive Materials

9. References

Case, D. R., Chehata, M., Dunavant, J. D., Egbert, S. D., Mason, C. L., McKenzie-Carter, M. A., 

Singer, H. A., and Weitz, R. L., 2011a. A Technical Approach to Expedited Processing of 

NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments. DTRA-TR-10-29, Defense Threat Reduction 

Agency. Fort Belvoir, VA. October 17.

Case, D. R., Chehata, M., Dunavant, J. D., Mason, C. L., McKenzie-Carter, M. A., Singer, H. A., 

and Weitz, R. L., 2011b. Compendium of Proposed NTPR Expedited Processing Groups. 

DTRA-TR-11-01, Defense Threat Reduction Agency. Fort Belvoir, VA. November 30.

DoD (Department of Defense), 2021. Guidance for the Determination and Reporting of Nuclear 

Radiation Dose for DoD Participants in the Atmospheric Nuclear Test Program (1945-

1962). 32 CFR Part 218, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. July 1.

DTRA (Defense Threat Reduction Agency), 2006. Expedited Process for Radiation Dose 

Assessment for Skin Cancer in Veterans’ Compensation Claims. DTRA Point Paper 

(FOUO), Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Fort Belvoir, VA. October 31.

DTRA (Defense Threat Reduction Agency), 2007a. Expedited Process for Radiation Dose 

Assessment for Veterans’ Compensation Claims Involving Posterior Subcapsular 

Cataract Formation. DTRA Technical Basis Document (FOUO), Defense Threat 

Reduction Agency, Fort Belvoir, VA. March 22.
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DTRA (Defense Threat Reduction Agency), 2007b. Expedited Radiation Dose Assessment of 

Non-Presumptive Medical Claims (Other than Skin, Prostate, and Cataract). DTRA 

Technical Basis Document (FOUO), Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Fort Belvoir, 

VA. July 4.

DTRA (Defense Threat Reduction Agency), 2020. DTRA NTPR Program Support and 

Management SOP (Rev. 6). Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Fort Belvoir, VA. 

October 30.

Kocher, D. C. and Apostoaei, J. A., 2007. Screening Doses for Induction of Cancers Calculated 

with the Interactive RadioEpidemiological Program (IREP). DTRA-TR-07-4. Defense 

Threat Reduction Agency, Fort Belvoir, VA. March.

Mannis, D. N., Murray, B. L., and Blake, P. K., 2013. Technical Justification for Revising NTPR 

SOP RA02 Rev 2.0 to include CLL Cases. NTPR-TM-13-02, Defense Threat Reduction 

Agency. Fort Belvoir, VA. December 1.

NIOSH (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health), 2002. NIOSH-Interactive 

RadioEpidemiological Program (NIOSH-IREP) Technical Documentation, Final Report. 

77 pp. June 18.

NIOSH (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health), 2020. User’s Guide for the

Interactive RadioEpidemiological Program (NIOSH-IREP), Version 5.9, 22 pp. 

December.

Reeves, G. to Murray, B., 2012. Electronic mail (email), Subject: Expedited doses for nonmalignant thyroid disease. June 28.

VA (U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs), 2021. Reasonable Doubt. 38 CFR Part 3.102, U.S. 

Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. July 1. 

VA (U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs), 2011. “Instructions for VBA Staff for Screening 

“Worst Case” Posterior Subcapsular Cataract (PSC) Compensation Claims from 

“Radiation-Exposed Veterans.” April 25.

VBDR (Veterans’ Advisory Board on Dose Reconstruction), 2007. “VBDR Recommendations 

on Alternative Methods for Dose Reconstruction,” Letter to Director, Defense Threat 

Reduction Agency, Fort Belvoir, VA. May 7. 

Weitz, R. L. and Egbert, S. D., 2010. “Compilation of Initial Radiation Doses to Atmospheric 

Test Participants, Rev. 1,” NTPR-TM-09-01(R1) Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Fort 

Belvoir, VA. November 30.
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Attachment 1.

Initial Radiation Doses to Atmospheric Test Participants

Initial radiation doses are defined as external doses received from neutrons or gamma radiation 

emitted simultaneously with a nuclear detonation and from the fireball and the cloud column 

during the first minute after a nuclear detonation. This attachment summarizes the available

initial radiation doses calculated for participants in atmospheric nuclear testing whose participant 

scenario does not include any general or EPG-specific exclusions. The initial radiation doses

included in this attachment, as well as those for participants whose cases are excluded from 

expedited processing, are documented in Weitz and Egbert (2010). Excluded cases typically are 

for participation in scientific project support, aircrew scenarios, or as a volunteer observer. 

The initial doses in this attachment include doses only for specific units or project elements for 

which initial doses greater than 0.001 rem were previously estimated. 

Geometric mean and upper-bound initial neutron doses are organized in Table A1-1 by 

Operation, Unit or Project and Shot. Mean and upper-bound initial gamma doses are contained in 

Table A1-2 using the same organization as the neutron doses. 
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Table A1-1. Units and Project Elements with Initial Neutron Doses 

of 0.001 rem or greater

Unit or Project Element

Geometric 

Mean Dose

(rem)

Uncertainty 

Factor

Upperbound Dose

(rem)

Operation UPSHOT-KNOTHOLE (1953)

Troop Observers at Shot ANNIE 0.032 2.2 0.071

Troop Observers at Shot NANCY 0.002 1.9 0.004

Troop Observers at Shot SIMON 0.005 2.2 0.012

Battalion Combat Teams A & B at Shot ANNIE 0.032 2.2 0.071

Battalion Combat Teams A & B at Shot SIMON 0.005 2.2 0.012

Operation TEAPOT (1955)

Troop Observers at Shot MOTH 0.32 1.5 0.46

Troop Observers at Shot TESLA 2.7 1.5 4.0

Troop Observers at Shot BEE 0.020 1.5 0.030

Troop Observers at Shot APPLE I 0.048 3.0 0.14

Troop Observers at Shot APPLE II 0.10 3.1 0.31

Marine Brigade (3rd MCPAEB) at Shot BEE 0.020 1.5 0.030

TF RAZOR, 723rd Tank Bn at Shot APPLE II

Company A

Company B

Company C

0.78

0.026

0.28

3.0

3.4

3.1

2.4

0.088

0.86

TF RAZOR, Arm Inf Plt at Shot APPLE II 

Right Flank

Center Flank

Left Flank

0.062

0.020

0.008

3.3

3.3

3.3

0.21

0.066

0.026

TF RAZOR, Staff Element at Shot APPLE II 0.042 3.3 0.14

Operation PLUMBBOB (1957)

Observers in trenches at Shot PRISCILLA 0.004 3.0 0.012

Observers in trenches 3.8 km from Shot DIABLO 0.011 3.0 0.033

Observers in trenches 3.2 km from Shot KEPLER 0.11 3.0 0.33

Observers in trenches at Shot DOPPLER 0.54 3.0 1.7

Task Force BIG BANG at Shot GALILEO 0.020 3.0 0.060

Task Force WARRIOR at Shot DOPPLER 0.54 3.0 1.7

Operation HARDTACK II (1958)

1352nd Motion Picture Squadron at Shot HAMILTON NR1 NR NR
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Table A1-1. Units and Project Elements with Initial Neutron Doses 

of 0.001 rem or greater (cont.)

Unit or Project Element

Geometric 

Mean Dose

(rem)

Uncertainty 

Factor

Upperbound Dose

(rem)

Operation DOMINIC II (1962)

IVY FLATS Maneuver Troops and Military 

Observers at Shot LITTLE FELLER I NR NR NR

1 “NR” indicates that the dose and upper bound have not been reconstructed although the dose may be 0.001 rem 

or greater. 
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Table A1-2. Doses from Initial Gamma Radiation for NTPR Participants

Unit or Project Element

Initial Gamma Dose

(rem)

Mean Dose UB Dose*

Operation BUSTER-JANGLE (1951)

All ground-based military personnel at all shots <0.001 <0.001

Operation TUMBLER-SNAPPER (1952)

All ground-based military personnel at all shots <0.001 < 0.001

Operation UPSHOT-KNOTHOLE (1953)

Troop Observers at Shot ANNIE 0.019 0.057

Troop Observers at Shot NANCY 0.007 0.021

Troop Observers at Shot BADGER 0.010 0.030

Troop Observers at Shot SIMON 0.015 0.045

Troop Observers at Shots ENCORE and GRABLE <0.001 <0.001

Troop Observers at Shot HARRY 0.013 0.039

Battalion Combat Teams A & B at Shot ANNIE 0.012 0.036

Battalion Combat Teams A & B at Shot NANCY 0.004 0.012

Battalion Combat Teams A & B at Shot SIMON 0.012 0.036

Battalion Combat Teams A & B at Shots ENCORE and GRABLE <0.001 <0.001

Marine Brigade (2nd MCPAEB) at Shots DIXIE and RAY <0.001 <0.001

Marine Brigade (2nd MCPAEB) at Shot BADGER 0.006 0.018

Operation TEAPOT (1955)

Observers at Shot MOTH 0.083 0.25

Observers at Shot TESLA 0.32 0.96

Observers at Shot TURK <0.001 <0.001

Observers at Shot BEE 0.029 0.087

Observers at Shot APPLE I 0.045 0.14

Observers at Shot APPLE II 0.082 0.25

VIP Observers at Shot APPLE II 0.002 0.006

Marine Brigade (3rd MCPAEB) at Shot BEE 0.02 0.06

TF RAZOR, 723rd Tank Bn at Shot APPLE II

Company A

Company B

Company C

0.17

0.026

0.1

0.51

0.078

0.3

TF RAZOR, Arm Inf Plt at Shot APPLE II 

Right Flank

Center Flank

Left Flank

0.17

0.11

0.058

0.51

0.33

0.18
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Table A1-2. Doses from Initial Gamma Radiation for NTPR Participants (cont.)

Unit or Project Element

Initial Gamma Dose

(rem)

Mean Dose UB Dose*

TF RAZOR, Tank Command Group at Shot APPLE II 0.14 0.42

TF RAZOR, Staff Element at Shot APPLE II 0.15 0.45

TF RAZOR, Engineer Platoon at Shot APPLE II 0.01 0.03

TF RAZOR, Artillery Battery at Shot APPLE II <0.001 <0.001

TF RAZOR, Observers at Shot APPLE II <0.001 <0.001

Operation PLUMBBOB (1957)

Observers in trenches at Shot PRISCILLA 0.005 0.015

Observers in trenches at Shot HOOD 0.002 0.006

Observers in trenches 3.8 km from Shot DIABLO 0.007 0.021

Observers in trenches 3.2 km from Shot KEPLER 0.025 0.075

* Mean initial gamma doses are multiplied by an uncertainty factor of 3 to obtain an upper-bound (UB) dose 

(Weitz and Egbert, 2010). Upper-bound initial gamma doses were not included in Weitz and Egbert (2010).
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Attachment 2.

Cross-Reference of Diseased Organs, NTPR Standard Organs, and 

NIOSH IREP Cancer Risk Models

Table A2-1 in this attachment is based on Table A-1 in Case et al. (2011a) and contains a listing 

of diseased organs and tissues cross-referenced to the NTPR standard organs used in FIIDOS 

internal dose calculations (SM ID01), and the cancer risk models of NIOSH-IREP (NIOSH, 

2002). Entries in the “NTPR Standard Organ Type” column of Table A2-1 indicate whether the 

assignment in the “NTPR Standard Organ” column is an actual NTPR standard organ used in 

FIIDOS calculations (FIIDOS), or if it is an NTPR standard organ selected as a surrogate for the 

diseased organ (surrogate). NuTRIS organ codes that were present in earlier versions of this table 

have been deleted because these codes are not needed for expedited processing.
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Table A2-1. Cross-Reference of Diseased Organs, NTPR Standard Organs, and NIOSH-IREP Cancer Models*

Organ, Tissue, or Disease NTPR Standard Organ NTPR Standard 

Organ Type† NIOSH-IREP Cancer Model

Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) Red Marrow Surrogate Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) Red Marrow Surrogate Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Adrenal glands Adrenals FIIDOS Other endocrine glands

Arthritic tissue Bone Surface Surrogate Not applicable (not a malignant 

neoplasm)

Bladder Urinary Bladder Wall FIIDOS Bladder

Blood, bone marrow, red marrow, 

yellow marrow 

Red Marrow FIIDOS, Surrogate Leukemia, excluding CLL

Bone, bone surface, endosteum, 

joints, and all other bones (e.g., ankle, 

elbow, femur, hand, jaw, pelvis, 

shoulder, spine, vertebrae)

Bone Surface FIIDOS, Surrogate Bone

Brain, anterior commissure, brain 

stem, cranial nerve

Brain FIIDOS, Surrogate Nervous system

Breast Breast FIIDOS Breast

Cervix Uterus Surrogate Female Genitalia, excluding ovary

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) Spleen Surrogate Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) Red Marrow Surrogate Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Connective tissue Muscle Surrogate Connective tissue
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Table A2-1. Cross-Reference of Diseased Organs, NTPR Standard Organs, and NIOSH-IREP Cancer Models (cont.)*

Organ, Tissue, or Disease NTPR Standard Organ NTPR Standard 

Organ Type† NIOSH-IREP Cancer Model

Diabetes (type 1, type 2) Pancreas Surrogate Not applicable (not a malignant 

neoplasm)

Endocrine glands (endocrine glands not 

included elsewhere)

Specific diseased organ 

must be known.

Surrogate Other endocrine glands

Esophagus ET Region‡ FIIDOS Esophagus

Eye, choroid, retina Brain Surrogate Eye

Gallbladder, bile duct Liver Surrogate Gallbladder

Heart, aorta, atrial sarcoma Muscle Surrogate Other respiratory

Kidney Kidney FIIDOS Urinary organs, excluding bladder

Larynx, including glottis, vocal cords ET Region‡ Surrogate Other respiratory

Leukemia (excluding ALL, AML, CLL, 

and CML)‡

Red Marrow Surrogate Leukemia, excluding CLL

Lipoma Muscle Surrogate Not applicable (not a malignant 

neoplasm)

Liver Liver FIIDOS Liver

Lower large intestine, colon, large 

intestine 

LLI Wall‡ FIIDOS, Surrogate Colon

Lung, trachea Lung FIIDOS, Surrogate Lung

Lymph system, including lymph glands, 

lymph nodes, lymphatic tissue, 

lymphoma

Thymus (If this is 

primary disease)

Surrogate Lymphoma and multiple myeloma

Middle ear Brain Surrogate Other respiratory
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Table A2-1. Cross-Reference of Diseased Organs, NTPR Standard Organs, and NIOSH-IREP Cancer Models (cont.)*

Organ, Tissue, or Disease NTPR Standard Organ NTPR Standard 

Organ Type† NIOSH-IREP Cancer Model

Multiple myeloma Red Marrow Surrogate Lymphoma and multiple myeloma

Muscle, including, thigh muscle, eye 

muscle, eyelid muscle, neuro-muscular

Muscle FIIDOS, Surrogate Other and ill-defined sites

Nasal cavities, including sinus 

(maxillary), sinus (nasal), nasal tip

ET Region‡ Surrogate Other respiratory

Nervous system, spinal cord, spine 

nerves

Brain Surrogate Nervous system

Neuroendocrine system, including 

hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal 

gland

Brain Surrogate Other endocrine glands

Oral cavity and pharynx, including 

epiglottis, gum, hypopharynx, lip, 

mouth, nasopharynx, oropharynx, palate, 

parotid gland, pharynx, salivary gland, 

throat, tongue, tonsil, uvula, and 

nasolabial fold (specific disease needed 

if not skin cancer) 

ET Region‡ Surrogate Oral Cavity and Pharynx

Ovary Ovary FIIDOS Ovary

Pancreas Pancreas FIIDOS Pancreas

Parathyroid Thyroid Surrogate Other endocrine glands

Peritoneum, peritoneal cavity muscle Muscle Surrogate All digestive

Pleura Lung Surrogate Other respiratory

Prostate Testes Surrogate All Male Genitalia 
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Table A2-1. Cross-Reference of Diseased Organs, NTPR Standard Organs, and NIOSH-IREP Cancer Models (cont.)*

Organ, Tissue, or Disease NTPR Standard Organ NTPR Standard 

Organ Type† NIOSH-IREP Cancer Model

Rectum, anus, anal canal LLI Wall‡ Surrogate Rectum

Respiratory other than Lung ET Region‡ Surrogate Other respiratory

Small intestine, duodenum SI Wall‡ FIIDOS, Surrogate All digestive

Soft tissue, e.g., hip, shoulder, thigh, 

upper arm

Muscle Surrogate Other and ill-defined sites

Spleen Spleen (Use only if solid 

cancer of spleen is the 

primary disease)

FIIDOS All digestive

Stomach Stomach Wall FIIDOS Stomach

Testes and other male genitalia, 

including penis, scrotum

Testes FIIDOS, Surrogate All Male Genitalia

Thymus Thymus FIIDOS Other respiratory

Thyroid Thyroid FIIDOS Thyroid

Upper large intestine, including 

appendix, cecum 

ULI Wall‡ FIIDOS, Surrogate Colon

Urinary tract, urethra, ureter Urinary Bladder Wall Surrogate Urinary organs, excluding bladder

* Modified from Table A-1 of Case et al. (2011a). 

† FIIDOS (in bold) means that there are FIIDOS dose conversion factors for the organ(s) in bold. Surrogate means that dose conversion factors for the NTPR 

Standard Organ are used for the non-bolded diseased organ(s).

‡ ET=extra-thoracic, ALL = Acute lymphocytic leukemia, AML = Acute myeloid leukemia, CLL=chronic lymphocytic leukemia, CML = chronic myeloid

leukemia, LLI=lower large intestine, SI=small intestine, ULI = upper large intestine.
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Attachment 3.

EPG and Organ Combinations not Recommended for Expedited Processing

Table A3-1 in this attachment contains a chart showing the EPG/organ combinations that are not 

recommended for expedited processing. This chart is from Table 10 in Case et al. (2011a). Some 

entries in that chart have been revised in Table A3-1 below and the entries in this attachment 

supersede any previously published information. The cells shaded in red show which organ dose 

for a particular EPG exceeds the applicable Limiting Dose (LD), initial neutron and gamma 

doses excluded. For example, EPG TODs for liver and thyroid exceed the applicable LDs for the 

XRDS Support Ship EPG. In cases involving doses from initial radiation, a comparison should 

be conducted in accordance with Sections 5.7 and 5.10, where applicable initial doses should be 

added to EPG TODs, and Table A3-1 should not be used.
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Table A3-1. EPG and Organ Combinations not Recommended for Expedited Processing (shaded cells)

NTPR 

Standard

Organ 

AdrenalsBone surfaceBrainBreastSt WallSI WallULI WallLLI WallKidneysLiverET RegionLungMusclePancreasRedMarrowSpleenTestesThymusThyroidBladder Wall

NIOSH-IREP 

Cancer Model 



EPG 

Other endocrineBoneOther endocrineNervous systemEyeOther respiratoryBreastStomachAll 

digestive

ColonColon RectumOther urinary orgsLiverGallbladder, incl.Bile DuctEsophagusOral cavityOther respiratoryLungOther respiratory Connective tissueOther & ill-definedAll digestiveOther respiratoryPancreasALL*AML*CML*LeukemiaCLL*All digestiveMale genitaliaLymphomaOther respiratoryThyroidOther endocrineUrinary organsBladder

Pacific Proving Ground, Ship-Based Personnel†

XRDS Support 

Ships 10 11

XRDS Target 

Ships 59 28 21 21 55 55

USS BRUSH 

( )

49 11 11**

SANDSTONE

GREENHOUSE 10

IVY

CASTLE (High) 33 24 30 36 25 25 45 47 24 24 38 38

CASTLE (Low) 14 14 14

WIGWAM

REDWING 8

HARDTACK I 9

HT-I Unexposed

ARGUS

DOMINIC I
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NTPR 

Standard

Organ 

AdrenalsBone surfaceBrainBreastSt WallSI WallULI WallLLI WallKidneysLiverET RegionLungMusclePancreasRedMarrowSpleenTestesThymusThyroidBladder Wall

NIOSH-IREP 

Cancer Model 



EPG 

Other endocrineBoneOther endocrineNervous systemEyeOther respiratoryBreastStomachAll 

digestive

ColonColon RectumOther urinary orgsLiverGallbladder, incl.Bile DuctEsophagusOral cavityOther respiratoryLungOther respiratory Connective tissueOther & ill-definedAll digestiveOther respiratoryPancreasALL*AML*CML*LeukemiaCLL*All digestiveMale genitaliaLymphomaOther respiratoryThyroidOther endocrineUrinary organsBladder

Pacific Proving Ground, Land-Based Personnel†

XRDS

Bikini Resurvey 

(1947) 54 15 15**

SANDSTONE

GREENHOUSE 29 26 29 22 22 33 36 22 21. 37 37

IVY

CASTLE 8 13

REDWING 32 20 27 34 21 21 44 49 20 41 41

HARDTACK I 12 12 18

Pacific Proving Ground, Inter-Operation Personnel†

PostSANDSTONE

PostGREENHOUSE 9 10

Post-IVY

Post-CASTLE

Post- REDWING 9 7

PostHARDTACK I
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NTPR 

Standard

Organ 

AdrenalsBone surfaceBrainBreastSt WallSI WallULI WallLLI WallKidneysLiverET RegionLungMusclePancreasRedMarrowSpleenTestesThymusThyroidBladder Wall

NIOSH-IREP 

Cancer Model 



EPG 

Other endocrineBoneOther endocrineNervous systemEyeOther respiratoryBreastStomachAll 

digestive

ColonColon RectumOther urinary orgsLiverGallbladder, incl.Bile DuctEsophagusOral cavityOther respiratoryLungOther respiratory Connective tissueOther & ill-definedAll digestiveOther respiratoryPancreasALL*AML*CML*LeukemiaCLL*All digestiveMale genitaliaLymphomaOther respiratoryThyroidOther endocrineUrinary organsBladder

Nevada Test Site Personnel†

NTS Observer and 

Maneuver Troops 11 11†† 11

NTS Support 

2MCPAEB (UK) 18 18 17 19

Task Force 

WARRIOR (PB) 14

* ALL = Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia; AML = Acute Myeloid Leukemia; CML = Chronic Myeloid Leukemia; CLL = Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

† XRDS = CROSSROADS, HT I = HARDTACK I, UK = UPSHOT-KNOTHOLE, PB = PLUMBBOB, 2MCPAEB = 2nd Marine Corps Atomic Exercise Brigade.
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Attachment 4.

Example Blank DTRA Dose Summary Sheet (DSS)
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Attachment 5.

General and EPG-Specific Exclusions for Expedited Processing Groups

Treatment of Exclusions

NTPR participants are excluded from an EPG if they had the potential for higher doses than the 

EPG or if there is insufficient information regarding their activities. One or more cohorts having 

well-characterized, common activities may be organized into a separate EPG. Cohorts are 

organized into separate EPGs if their overall exposure is deemed distinct from the members of 

the EPG.

Participants or cohorts excluded from EPGs based on operational activities that are specific to 

the group are shown in the column labeled “Exclusions (Units, cohorts, activities, etc.).” These 

exclusions are either organized as a separate EPG or identified for further, case-specific 

evaluation, and possibly a full RDA. Personnel and activities to be excluded are grouped into 

three general categories of participation as listed in Tables A5-1 to 5-3. These exclusions apply 

unless otherwise stated for a specific EPG as described in the Compendium of EPGs (Case et al.,

2011b).

Highest-Dose Cohort

Expedited Processing Groups (EPGs) are listed in Tables A5-4 to 5-13 for participants in test 

operations conducted in the Pacific Proving Ground, in Table A5-14 for participants in test 

operations conducted at the Nevada Test Site, and in Table A5-15 for individuals who were 

residents of Enewetak Atoll during post-operational periods. In these tables, the column labeled 

“Highest-Dose Cohort External Residual Gamma Dose” includes doses previously assessed and 

documented in the publications referred to as NTPR White Books, Blue Books or other technical 

reports. These doses are not the proposed expedited doses for the expedited processing groups 

(EPG) in Case et al. (2011b). They do, however, help identify the cohort receiving the highest 

external gamma dose from residual radioactive material. The schedules and activities of the 

“highest-dose cohort” are used as a starting point for a scenario of participation and radiation 

exposure for an EPG. Refer to Section 3 of Case et al. (2011a) for further discussion regarding

the “highest-dose cohort.”

Note: This attachment is from Appendix B, “Proposed NTPR Expedited Processing Groups,”

Tables B-1 through B-15 of DTRA-TR-10-29, A Technical Approach to Expedited Processing of 

NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments (Case et al., 2011a). Introductory narrative and table 

numbers have been re-numbered and modified from Appendix B of DTRA-TR-10-29 (Case et 

al., 2011a) for this attachment for consistency with and application to this SOP. 

Note: In this attachment Tables A5-1 through 5-15 are references to Case et al. (2011b), which is 

DTRA-TR-11-01, Compendium of Proposed NTPR Expedited Processing Groups. Defense 

Threat Reduction Agency. Fort Belvoir, VA. November 2011. 
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Table A5-1. General Exclusions Applicable to Pacific Proving Ground

Ship-based Personnel*

Activity or Cohort

Participation in more than one test series (operation)

Decontamination of any equipment (except for CROSSROADS target 

ship crews)

Personnel who performed maintenance or repair on contaminated 

equipment prior to decontamination

Personnel who were topside during one or more fallout events and thus 

may have inhaled descending fallout

Personnel whose regular assignment was to a small boat crew

Divers

Crews of cloud-tracking or cloud-sampling aircraft

Involvement in or near heliborne operations (crew members or 

passengers)

Radioactive sample recovery, handling, or preparation

Personnel who were assigned to support scientific projects 

(e.g., weapon development projects or effects experiments)

Personnel whose regular assignment was to a Radiological Safety (RadSafe) unit

Flight drone or sounding rocket operations

Personnel assigned to ships that experienced evaporator or potable 

water system failures that lead to contaminated drinking water

Shore excursion to any island where a test shot was performed

Consumption of meals while topside during episodes of descending 

fallout

Individuals with film badge records and whose total film badge dose is 

greater than the EPG external dose determined for their respective EPG

* These exclusions apply unless otherwise stated for a specific EPG as 

described in the Compendium of Proposed EPGs (Case et al., 2011b).
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Table A5-2. General Exclusions Applicable to Pacific Proving Ground

Land-Based Personnel*

Activity or Cohort

Participation in more than one testing series (operation)

Decontamination of aircraft, helicopters, vehicles, or equipment

Personnel who performed maintenance or repair on contaminated 

aircraft, helicopters, vehicles, or equipment prior to decontamination

Personnel whose regular assignment was to a small boat crew

Divers

Crews of cloud-tracking, cloud-sampling, or air delivery aircraft

Involvement in or near heliborne operations (crew members or 

passengers)

Radioactive sample recovery, handling, or preparation

Personnel who were assigned to support scientific projects, e.g., weapon 

development projects or effects experiments (except if participation was 

as Bikini Resurvey personnel in 1947)

Personnel whose regular assignment was to a Radiological Safety (RadSafe) unit

Flight drone or sounding rocket operations 

Excursion to any island where a test shot was performed

Consumption of meal(s) while outside during episodes of descending 

fallout at their location

Individuals with film badge records and whose total film badge dose is 

greater than the EPG external dose determined for their respective EPG 

* These exclusions apply unless otherwise stated for a specific EPG as 

described in the Compendium of Proposed EPGs (Case et al., 2011b).
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Table A5-3. General Exclusions Applicable to Participants During

Testing at the Nevada Test Site*

Activity or Cohort

Participation in more than one testing series (operation)

Volunteer observers

Participation in decontamination of aircraft, helicopters, vehicles, or 

equipment

Personnel who performed maintenance or repair on contaminated 

aircraft, helicopters, vehicles, or equipment prior to decontamination

Crews of cloud-tracking, cloud-sampling, or air-delivery aircraft

Members of helicopter crews

Radioactive sample recovery, handling, or preparation

Personnel whose regular assignment was to a Radiological Safety (RadSafe) unit

Personnel who were assigned duties in the forward test area for any 

reason other than to observe a shot or participate in a maneuver 

(e.g., Instructor/Control, Signal, Transportation, Engineering, etc.)

Personnel who were assigned to support scientific projects 

(e.g., weapons development projects and military or civil effects 

projects) 

Consumption of meals while outside during episodes of descending 

fallout

Individuals with film badge records and whose total film badge dose is 

greater than the maximized upper-bound external dose determined for 

their respective EPG

* These exclusions apply unless otherwise stated for a specific EPG as 

described in the Compendium of Proposed EPGs (Case et al., 2011b).
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Table A5-4. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation CROSSROADS (1946)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)‡

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

CROSSROADS 

Support ShipBased Personnel

Crews of CROSSROADS support 

ships§

, and crews of the re-manned 

target ships USS BLADEN, USS 

CORTLAND, USS FILLMORE, 

USS GENEVA, USS NIAGARA, 

and USS LCI(L)615. 

• Target ship boardings after 

BAKER (distinct EPG, see 

below).

• Flight/drone operations aboard 

USS SHANGRI-LA and USS 

SAIDOR.

• USS BRUSH (distinct EPG, see 

below).

• Ammunition Disposal Units at 

Kwajalein (Post-XRD).

• Bikini resurvey (distinct EPG, 

see below).

• Crew member of the USS 

ACHOMAWI, USS COUCAL, 

and USS O’BRIEN.

USS 

RECLAIMER†

1.7 § 30,000

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

† Crews of USS O’BRIEN received limited fallout after ABLE, in addition to BAKER’s. The corresponding external dose when added to that due to 

exposure to BAKER fallout is smaller than that for the USS RECLAIMER. USS ACHOMAWI and possibly other support ships had faulty evaporators 

that may have resulted in an additional internal dose due to ingestion of contaminated drinking water. 

‡ These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see introductory narrative of this attachment).

§ See DNA-TR-82-05-V1, Analysis of Radiation Exposure for Naval Units of Operation CROSSROADS; Volume 1-Basic Report (March 3, 1982), 

including Table 7-1 for external dose estimate. 
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Table A5-4. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation CROSSROADS (1946) (cont.)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated 

External Residual 

Gamma Dose for 

the Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)‡

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

CROSSROADS 

Land-Based 

Personnel

Land-based personnel at Kwajalein 

and Enewetak Atolls and weather 

station islands (there were no landbased personnel at Bikini Atoll).

• Decontamination of target ships 

moored at Kwajalein Island.

• Towing of target ships to Kwajalein 

Island. 

• Small boat operations involving 

contaminated target or support ships 

moored at Kwajalein Island.

• Performing surveys, construction, or 

experiments on Bikini Atoll after 

Shot ABLE.

• Unloading, inspecting, handling, 

moving, and decontaminating 

ammunition on target ships moored 

at Kwajalein Island.

• Handling of contaminated clothing, 

waste, or equipment created during 

ammunition inspection and 

unloading operations at Kwajalein 

Island.

Army Air 

Group TG 1.5

0.1 2,600

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

‡ These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see introductory narrative of this attachment). See “Appendix B-1, Operation CROSSROADS” of the 

NTPR/RDA SOP Manual for estimated dose.
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Table A5-4. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation CROSSROADS (1946) (cont.)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated 

External Residual 

Gamma Dose for 

the Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)‡

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

CROSSROADS 

Target Ship-Based 

Personnel

Crews that boarded contaminated 

target ships after Shot BAKER.

• Crews of six re-manned target ships 

that did not receive topside 

contamination from Shot BAKER: 

USS BLADEN, USS CORTLAND, 

USS FILLMORE, USS GENEVA, 

USS NIAGARA, and USS 

LCI(L)-615. These personnel are 

included in the CROSSROADS 

Support Ship-Based Personnel EPG.

• Crew members of any target ships 

who did not participate in target ship 

boardings after Shot BAKER – these 

personnel are included in the 

CROSSROADS Support Ship Crew 

EPG.

• Crew members of any target ships 

who were subsequently assigned to 

Ammunition Disposal Units and 

participated in ammunition 

unloading at Kwajalein.

• Personnel who were crew members 

of target submarines.

USS 

CARTERET

2.9 (previous RDA) 8,000

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

‡ These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see introductory narrative of this attachment).
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Table A5-4. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation CROSSROADS (1946) (cont.)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)‡

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

USS BRUSH 

Crew (February 

25-27, 1947) 

Crew of USS BRUSH in Kwajalein 

Lagoon, February 1947.

• Personnel who transferred to 

USS BRUSH after the ship’s 

departure from Kwajalein Atoll 

on February 27, 1947.

Crew members 

who 

participated in 

excursions to 

target ships. 

0.07 (previous RDA) 250

Bikini Resurvey 

Personnel JulyAugust 1947

Crew members of USS CHILTON, 

USS COUCAL and LCI(L)-615 

who participated as members of the 

Bikini Resurvey team in July and 

August 1947.

• None specific to this group. Navy 

Construction 

Battalion 

Detachment 

1800.

0.8 (previous RDA) 700

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

‡ These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see introductory narrative of this attachment).
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Table A5-5. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation SANDSTONE (1948)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)

†

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

SANDSTONE 

Ship-Based 

Personnel

Personnel on ships during 

Operation SANDSTONE to 

include transient ships.

• Individuals who participated in 

Enewetak and Bikini Atoll resurveys 

(Post-SANDSTONE). 

• Individuals who Boarded Operation 

CROSSROADS target ships moored 

at Kwajalein.

• Individuals who participated in a 

special project known as Operation 

FITZWILLIAM that involved 

laboratory measurements of 

radioactive samples.

USS HENRY 

W. TUCKER

0.05 6,400

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

† These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See “Appendix B-2, Operation SANDSTONE” of 

the NTPR/RDA SOP Manual for estimated dose.
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Table A5-5. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation SANDSTONE (1948) (cont.)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)†

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

SANDSTONE 

Land-Based 

Personnel

Army, Navy, and Air Force 

personnel stationed at 

Enewetak and Kwajalein 

Atolls.

• Individuals who participated in 

Enewetak and Bikini Atoll resurveys 

(Post-SANDSTONE). 

• Individuals who boarded Operation 

CROSSROADS target ships moored 

at Kwajalein.

• Individuals who participated in a 

special project known as Operation 

FITZWILLIAM that involved 

laboratory measurements of 

radioactive samples.

• Individuals who were stationed at 

Majuro Atoll, Rongerik Atoll, or 

Wake Island.

TG 7.4 (Air 

Force) at 

Kwajalein 

Atoll

0.08 5000

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

† These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See “Appendix B-2, Operation SANDSTONE” of 

the NTPR/RDA SOP Manual for estimated dose.
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Table A5-6. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation GREENHOUSE (1951)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)†

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

GREENHOUSE 

Ship-Based 

Personnel

Personnel on ships during 

Operation GREENHOUSE 

including transient ships.

• No specific exclusions. USNS SGT. C. 

E. MOWER

0.68 4,700

GREENHOUSE 

Land-Based 

Personnel

Army, Navy, and Air Force 

personnel stationed at Enewetak 

Atoll, Kwajalein Atoll, and weather 

station islands. 

• Individuals who participated in 

clothing contamination tests.

Headquarters, 

Joint Task 

Force-3

3.1 4,700

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b). 

† These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See “Appendix B-3, Operation GREENHOUSE” of 

the NTPR/RDA SOP Manual for estimated doses.
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Table A5-7. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation IVY (1952)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)†

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

IVY Ship-Based 

Personnel

Personnel on ships during 

Operation IVY including transient 

ships.

• None specific to this group. USS LIPAN 0.036 4,700

IVY Land-Based 

Personnel

Army, Navy, and Air Force 

personnel stationed at the residence 

islands of Enewetak Atoll, 

Kwajalein Atoll, and weather 

station islands. 

• None specific to this group. 7126th Army 

Unit on 

Enewetak 

Atoll.

0.059 4,700

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

† These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See “Appendix B-4, Operation IVY” of the 

NTPR/RDA SOP Manual for estimated doses.
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Table A5-8. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation CASTLE (1954)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)†

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

CASTLE HighDose Ship-Based 

Personnel

Personnel on Operation CASTLE 

ships that received heavier fallout.

• Personnel on Operation CASTLE 

ships that received light fallout to 

include transient ships (distinct 

EPG, see below).

• Shore excursions on Rongelap or 

Rongerik Atolls.

• Crew members of YAG 39 (USS 

GEORGE EASTMAN), USS 

PATAPSCO (AOG 1), or YAG 

40 (GRANVILLE S. HALL).

USS PHILIP 

(average crew)

3.56 1350

CASTLE LowDose Ship-Based 

Personnel

Personnel on ships at Operation 

CASTLE that received light fallout 

and transient ships. 

• Personnel on Operation CASTLE 

ships that received heavy fallout 

(distinct EPG, see above). 

• Shore excursions on Rongelap or 

Rongerik Atolls.

• Were crew members of YAG 39 

(USS GEORGE EASTMAN), 

USS PATAPSCO (AOG 1), or 

YAG 40 (GRANVILLE S. 

HALL).

USS ESTES 1.76 4,300

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

† These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See “Appendix B-5, Operation CASTLE” of the 

NTPR/RDA SOP Manual for estimated doses.
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Table A5-8. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation CASTLE (1954) (cont.)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)†

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

CASTLE LandBased PersonnelArmy, Navy, and Air Force 

personnel stationed at Enewetak 

Atoll, Kwajalein Atoll, and weather 

station islands. 

• Excursions on Rongelap or 

Rongerik Atolls.

7126th Army 

Unit stationed 

at Enewetak 

Island

1.09 2,600

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

† These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See “Appendix B-5, Operation CASTLE” of the 

NTPR/RDA SOP Manual for estimated dose.
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Table A5-9. Expedited Processing Group for Operation WIGWAM (1955)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, 

etc.)

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)†

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

WIGWAM ShipBased Personnel

All participants. • Individuals who performed 

large scale ship 

decontamination.

USS 

CHANTICLEER

0.13 6,200

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

† These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See “Appendix B-6, Operation WIGWAM” of the 

NTPR/RDA SOP Manual for estimated dose.
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Table A5-10. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation REDWING (1956)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, 

activities, etc.)

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)†

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

REDWING ShipBased PersonnelMilitary personnel who were 

assigned to a ship that participated 

in Operation REDWING activities 

including transient ships.

• None specific to this 

group.

USS SILVERSTEIN 1.4 est. 6,000

REDWING LandBased PersonnelMilitary personnel who supported 

Operation REDWING and resided 

on Enewetak Atoll, Kwajalein 

Atoll, or weather station islands 

during Operation REDWING.

• None specific to this 

group.

7126th Army Unit 3.6 4,000

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

† These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See “Appendix B-7, Operation REDWING” of the 

NTPR/RDA SOP Manual for estimated doses.
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Table A5-11. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation HARDTACK I (1958)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)‡

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

HARDTACK I 

Ship-Based 

Personnel

Personnel on ships at 

Operation HARDTACK I 

including transient ships.

• Crew Members of ships that only 

participated in shots at Johnston Island 

(distinct EPG, see below). 

• Crew Members of ships that served as 

unmanned target vessels for the underwater 

shots WAHOO and UMBRELLA to include 

three destroyers (KILLEN, HOWORTH, 

and FULLAM), a liberty ship (SS 

MICHAEL MORAN), and a submarine 

(BONITA).

USS 

ARIKARA

1.55 6,000

HARDTACK I 

Non-exposed 

Ship-Based 

Personnel

All ships that only 

participated in Shots at 

Johnston Atoll.

• Individuals with non-zero film badge doses. USS 

EPPERSON 

(DDE-719)

NPE† 1,000

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

† NPE stands for no potential for exposure.

‡ These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See “Appendix B-8, Operation HARDTACK I” of the 

NTPR/RDA SOP Manual for estimated dose.
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Table A5-11. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation HARDTACK I (1958) (cont.)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)‡

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

HARDTACK I 

Land-Based 

Personnel

Personnel resident on Parry 

and Enewetak Islands of 

Enewetak Atoll and Eneu 

Island of Bikini Atoll.

• Personnel who resided on Japtan Island 

during the operation.

• Personnel assigned to Johnston Island.

TG 7.1

(Scientific 

Group 

stationed on 

Parry Island)

1.9 3,500

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

† NPE stands for no potential for exposure.

‡ These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See “Appendix B-8, Operation HARDTACK I” of the 

NTPR/RDA SOP Manual for estimated dose.
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Table A5-12. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation ARGUS (1958)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)‡

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

ARGUS ShipBased Personnel

All participants in ARGUS. • None specific to this group. NPE† 4,369

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

† NPE stands for no potential for exposure.

‡ These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See “Appendix B-9, Operation ARGUS” of the 

NTPR/RDA SOP Manual.
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Table A5-13. Expedited Processing Groups for Operation DOMINIC I (1962)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)‡

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

DOMINIC I 

Personnel

All participants in 

DOMINIC I. 

• Crewmembers of USS SIOUX (ATF 75), 

USC&GSS PIONEER (OSS-31), and USS 

MONTICELLO (LSD-35) during Shot 

SWORDFISH.

• Personnel involved in the recovery/handling of 

radioactively contaminated instrumented pods 

and rocket nose cones associated with 

successful THOR missile and rocket launches.

• Personnel involved in recovery and 

decontamination operations after any of the 

THOR missile incidents during Shots 

BLUEGILL, STARFISH, BLUEGILL PRIME.

• Personnel involved in recovery, servicing, or 

boarding of target rafts after airdrop shots.

• Personnel involved in the recovery and handling 

of other contaminated with radioactive 

materials due to neutron activation.

N/A NPE† 25,000

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

† NPE stands for no potential for exposure.

‡ These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See “Appendix B-10, Operation DOMINIC I” of the 

NTPR/RDA SOP Manual.
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Table A5-14. Expedited Processing Groups for Nevada Test Site (NTS)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)§

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

NTS Observer and 

Maneuver Troops, 

1951–1962

Personnel that participated as a 

member of ground-based official 

EDR observer groups or maneuver 

groups during NTS shots from 

1951 through 1962, including 

Exercise IVY FLATS at 

DOMINIC II. Members of 505th 

Military Police Battalion that 

performed traffic control or march 

guide activities during UPSHOTKNOTHOLE (1953) or TEAPOT 

(1955).

• Individuals who participated in 

one of the Volunteer Observer 

Programs conducted during some 

of the test series.

• Any individuals who participated 

in more than one maneuver group 

at more than one shot.

• The following maneuver groups 

are excluded and are each 

evaluated as a distinct EPG:

• The 2nd MCPAEB at 

Operation UPSHOTKNOTHOLE, Shot 

BADGER 

• Task Force WARRIOR at 

Operation PLUMBBOB, 

Shot SMOKY.

UPSHOTKNOTHOLE 

SIMON 

BCT-A

3.2 42,600

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

‡ Members of 1st Battalion 8th Marines of the 2nd MCPAEB received a higher total dose from external residual radiation (4.7 rem) than did the 2nd MCPAEB 

HQ personnel. However, no internal dose was accrued concurrently with approximately half of this total dose that was due to direct radiation from the 

BADGER stem as it passed the troops. Most of the dose to 2nd MCPAEB HQ personnel was from fallout, for which internal dose was concurrently 

accrued.

§ These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See Appendices C-3 to C-7 of the NTPR/RDA SOP 

Manual for estimated dose.
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Table A5-14. Expedited Processing Groups for Nevada Test Site (NTS) (cont.)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)§

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

NTS Participants 

with no Forward 

Area Activities, 

1951–1962

Support personnel stationed at 

Camp Desert Rock, Camp 

Mercury, Indian Springs Air Force 

Base, or Nellis Air Force Base 

during any single operation from 

1951 through 1962 who did not 

conduct any activities in any NTS 

forward area.

Inter-operational personnel at CDR, 

Camp Mercury, and Indian Springs 

Air Force Base.

• None specific for this group. UPSHOTKNOTHOLE 

CDR support 

troops

0.02 Unknown

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

‡ Members of 1st Battalion 8th Marines of the 2nd MCPAEB received a higher total dose from external residual radiation (4.7 rem) than did the 2nd MCPAEB 

HQ personnel. However, no internal dose was accrued concurrently with approximately half of this total dose that was due to direct radiation from the 

BADGER stem as it passed the troops. Most of the dose to 2nd MCPAEB HQ personnel was from fallout, for which internal dose was concurrently 

accrued.

§ These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See Appendices C-3 to C-7 of the NTPR/RDA SOP 

Manual for estimated dose, in addition to various internal technical memos.
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Table A5-14. Expedited Processing Groups for Nevada Test Site (NTS) (cont.)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)§

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

Operation 

UPSHOTKNOTHOLE 

2nd Marine Corps 

Provisional 

Atomic Exercise 

Brigade 

(2MCPAEB) 

Marines that participated in the 

maneuver at UPSHOTKNOTHOLE Shot BADGER 

(1953).

• Marine Helicopter Transport 

Group 16 that conducted air 

operations during the 2MCPAEB 

activities at Shot BADGER.

• Personnel in the 2MCPAEB 

Provisional Helicopter Atomic 

Test Unit that participated in the 

Operational Helicopter Test 

Program at several shots 

including Shot BADGER.

2nd MCPAEB 

HQ‡

3.7 2,167

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

‡ Members of 1st Battalion 8th Marines of the 2nd MCPAEB received a higher total dose from external residual radiation (4.7 rem) than did the 2nd MCPAEB 

HQ personnel. However, no internal dose was accrued concurrently with approximately half of this total dose that was due to direct radiation from the 

BADGER stem as it passed the troops. Most of the dose to 2nd MCPAEB HQ personnel was from fallout, for which internal dose was concurrently 

accrued.

§ These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See Appendix C-5 of the NTPR/RDA SOP Manual

for estimated dose.
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Table A5-14. Expedited Processing Groups for Nevada Test Site (NTS) (cont.)

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)§

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

Operation 

PLUMBBOB 

Task Force 

WARRIOR 

(TFW)

Army infantry troop test Task 

Force WARRIOR conducted at 

PLUMBBOB Shot SMOKY 

(1957).

• Canadian Army Platoon 

(7th Platoon, Queen’s Own 

Rifles).

• 3rd Transportation Battalion 

(Helicopter).

• Personnel not in an element of 

Company C, 1st Battle Group 

whose activities are not 

encompassed by the TFW 

highest-dose cohort scenario.

2nd Platoon 0.7 350

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b).

‡ Members of 1st Battalion 8th Marines of the 2nd MCPAEB received a higher total dose from external residual radiation (4.7 rem) than did the 2nd MCPAEB 

HQ personnel. However, no internal dose was accrued concurrently with approximately half of this total dose that was due to direct radiation from the 

BADGER stem as it passed the troops. Most of the dose to 2nd MCPAEB HQ personnel was from fallout, for which internal dose was concurrently 

accrued.

§ These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). See DNA 4747F, Analysis of Radiation Exposure for 

Task Force Warrior-Shot Smoky-Exercise Desert Rock VII-VIII Operation PLUMBBOB (May 31, 1979) for estimated dose.
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Table A5-15. Expedited Processing Groups for PPG Post Operations

Proposed EPG* EPG Members

Exclusions

(Units, cohorts, activities, etc.)

HighestDose 

Cohort

Estimated External 

Residual Gamma 

Dose for the 

Highest-Dose 

Cohort

(rem)†

Number of 

Participants

(Approx.)

PostSANDSTONE 

Enewetak Atoll

Residents of Enewetak Atoll on the 

islands of Enewetak, Parry and 

Japtan.

• None specific for this group. Residents of 

Enewetak 

Island

0.05 1,900

PostGREENHOUSE 

Enewetak Atoll

Residents of Enewetak Atoll on the 

islands of Enewetak, Parry and 

Japtan.

• None specific for this group. Residents of 

Parry Island

2.4 2,600

Post-IVY 

Enewetak Atoll

Residents of Enewetak Atoll on the 

islands of Enewetak, Parry and 

Japtan.

• None specific for this group. Residents of 

Enewetak 

Island

0.028 600

Post-CASTLE 

Enewetak Atoll

Residents of Enewetak Atoll on the 

islands of Enewetak, Parry and 

Japtan.

• None specific for this group. Residents of 

Enewetak 

Island

0.25 1,000

Post-REDWING 

Enewetak Atoll

Residents of Enewetak Atoll on the 

islands of Enewetak, Parry and 

Japtan.

• None specific for this group. Residents of 

Parry Island

1.9 4,500

PostHARDTACK I 

Enewetak Atoll

Residents of Enewetak Atoll on the 

islands of Enewetak and Parry.

• Individuals who resided on 

Japtan Island.

Residents of 

Enewetak 

Island

0.56 973

* Detailed descriptions with complete lists of ships, cohorts, excluded units, etc., are included in the EPG Compendium (Case et al., 2011b). 

† These are not assigned doses to members of EPGs (see the introductory narrative of this attachment). All listed doses are from NTPR-TM-09-02, Doses 

Accrued at the Residence Islands of Enewetak Atoll from Previous Operations (December 31, 2009).
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Attachment 6.

Organ Doses Corresponding to the Limiting Dose (PC=40 percent) and

Screening Dose (PC=50 percent)

The limiting dose is the dose that corresponds to a probability of causation (PC) of cancer due to 

exposure to ionizing radiation of 40 percent. The screening dose is the dose that corresponds to a 

PC of 50 percent. The screening dose is used to pre-determine if a cancer was “at least as likely 

as not” caused by exposure to ionizing radiation. The limiting dose is used in NTPR expedited 

processing as a value below which there is no possibility that a cancer was “at least as likely as 

not” caused by exposure to ionizing radiation. 

The values in Table A6-1 were taken from Table 3 of the technical report DTRA-TR-10-29 

(Case et al., 2011a). In addition, the technical memorandum NTPR-TM-13-02, (Mannis et al., 

2013) provided the guidance for cases involving Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL).
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Table A6-1. Organ Doses Corresponding to the Limiting Doses

and Screening Doses

Cancer of Organ/Disease

Limiting Dose 

(rem) at 40% 

PC*

Screening Dose 

(rem) at 50% 

PC*†

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) 14‡ 24‡

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) 20‡ 29‡

All digestive (other than esophagus, 

stomach, colon, rectum/anus) 44 66

All male genitalia 41 60

Bone 32 48

Breast (male) 36 53

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) § 45 68

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) 41‡ 57‡

Colon 26 39

Connective tissue 34 50

Endocrine glands other than Thyroid 30 45

Esophagus 22 35

Eye 32 49

Gallbladder 11 17

Leukemia, excluding ALL, AML, CML, 

and CLL 29‡ 41‡

Liver 7.7 11

Lung (never smokers) 30 44

Lymphoma and multiple myeloma 41 61

Nervous system 64 95

Oral cavity and Pharynx 66 98

Other and ill-defined sites 34 51

Pancreas 61 89

Rectum 72 110

Respiratory tract other than Lung 67 100

Stomach 18 27

Thyroid 5.1** 7.5**

Urinary Bladder 33 49

Urinary organs, excluding bladder 31 46

* Probability of Causation (PC) is calculated for exposure at age 18 years and attained 

age of 50 years (elapsed time of 32 years) unless noted otherwise.

† From Kocher and Apostoaei (2007).

‡ PC is calculated for an elapsed time of 30 years. 

§ From Mannis et al. (2013).

** PC is calculated for an elapsed time of >10 years. 
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Attachment 7.

Expedited Processing Group Upper-Bound Doses Excluding Initial Gamma

and Initial Neutron Doses

The dose values in this attachment were taken from Tables 4 through 7 of DTRA-TR-10-29, 

A Technical Approach to Expedited Processing of NTPR Radiation Dose Assessments, Defense 

Threat Reduction Agency, Fort Belvoir, VA. October 2011 (Case et al, 2011a). The doses in the 

tables in this attachment were checked against the dose worksheets that contain the results of the 

dose estimates performed using the Mathcad software.
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Table A7-1. Estimated Radiation Dose (rem) for Ship-Based Personnel at the Pacific Proving Ground*

Radiation

Type†

AdrenalsBone SurfaceBrainBreastStomach wallSmall Intestine wallUpper Large 

Intestine Wall

Lower Large 

Intestine Wall

kidneysLiverExtra-Thoracic 

Region

LungMusclePancreasRed MarrowSpleenTestesThymusThyroidUrinary Bladder 

Wall

XRDS Target Ships UB α 0.09 47 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.2 11 0.5 1 0.09 0.09 3 0.09 0.7 0.09 0.09 0.09

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.3 3 0.2 0.2 0.9 2 8 19 0.4 0.7 9 19 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.3 45 0.6

3 9 total 9 58 9 9 10 11 17 28 10 20 19 28 9 9 12 9 10 9 53 10

XRDS Support Ships UB α 0.003 2 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.006 0.3 0.02 0.03 0.003 0.003 0.07 0.003 0.02 0.003 0.003 0.003

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.009 0.09 0.005 0.006 0.04 0.08 0.4 0.9 0.02 0.03 0.2 0.4 0.009 0.01 0.04 0.008 0.007 0.007 2 0.03

3 9 total 9 10 9 9 9 9 9 10 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 9

USS BRUSH UB α 0.09 51 0.09 0.09 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 11 0.5 1 0.09 0.09 3 0.09 0.7 0.09 0.09 0.09

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.3 3 0.2 0.2 0.5 1 5 13 0.3 0.6 0.5 4 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

0.08 0.3 total 0.6 53 0.5 0.5 0.9 2 5 13 0.7 12 2 5 0.6 0.6 4 0.6 2 0.6 0.6 0.6

SANDSTONE Ships UB α <0.001 0 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ <0.001 0 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 0.006 0.02 <0.001 <0.001 0.02 0.03 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.03 <0.001

0.09 0.3 total 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

GREENHOUSE Ships UB α <0.001 0.1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.03 0.001 0.003 <0.001 <0.001 0.005 <0.001 0.002 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.02 0.2 0.01 0.02 0.1 0.2 0.7 2 0.02 0.03 2 3 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.009 0.02 3 0.06

3 7 total 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 7 7 9 9 7 7 7 7 7 7 9 7

IVY Ships UB α <0.001 0.03 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.005 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ <0.001 0.02 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 0.004 0.02 0.04 <0.001 0.004 0.05 0.08 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.05 <0.001

0.07 0.2 total 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

CASTLE Ships (High) UB α 0.009 5 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.009 0.03 1 0.05 0.2 0.009 0.009 0.3 0.009 0.07 0.009 0.009 0.009

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.2 5 0.08 0.2 1 2 7 13 0.3 0.8 21 24 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 16 0.5

8 23 total 23 32 23 23 24 25 30 36 23 25 43 47 23 23 24 23 23 23 38 23

CASTLE Ships (Low) UB α 0.02 7 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 2 0.07 0.2 0.02 0.02 0.4 0.02 0.1 0.02 0.02 0.02

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.08 5 0.04 0.07 0.4 0.7 3 6 0.2 0.9 8 12 0.07 0.08 0.4 0.07 0.08 0.09 7 0.2

4 12 total 12 22 12 12 12 13 15 17 12 14 20 23 12 12 13 12 12 12 18 12

EPG Name

 or total (external γ dose plus internal α and β+γ dose, excluding any initial external γ dose ).

* The total organ doses do not sum up to their components due to rounding.

† UB means upper bound dose for the given radiation type: internal alpha (α), internal beta plus gamma (β+γ), 
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Table A7-1. Estimated Radiation Dose (rem) for Ship-Based Personnel at the Pacific Proving Ground (cont.)*

Radiation

Type†

AdrenalsBone SurfaceBrainBreastStomach wallSmall Intestine walUpper Large Intestine WallLower Large Intestine WallkidneysLiverExtra-Thoracic RegionLungMusclePancreasRed MarrowSpleenTestesThymusThyroidUrinary Bladder Wall

EPG Name

WIGWAM Ships UB α <0.001 0.2 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.03 0.002 0.003 <0.001 <0.001 0.006 <0.001 0.002 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.007 0.1 0.004 0.006 0.04 0.07 0.3 0.5 0.007 0.009 0.8 0.7 0.006 0.007 0.02 0.006 0.004 0.007 1 0.03

0.3 0.6 total 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 1 0.6 0.6 2 2 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 2 0.6

REDWING Ships UB α <0.001 0.1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.02 <0.001 0.002 <0.001 <0.001 0.005 <0.001 0.002 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.01 0.1 0.005 0.008 0.05 0.09 0.4 0.8 0.02 0.02 2 2 0.009 0.01 0.03 0.008 0.005 0.02 2 0.03

3 7 total 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 7

HARDTACK I Ships UB α 0.003 2 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.007 0.4 0.02 0.04 0.003 0.003 0.08 0.003 0.03 0.003 0.003 0.003

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.03 0.4 0.02 0.03 0.08 0.2 0.8 2 0.2 0.09 3 3 0.03 0.03 0.09 0.2 0.02 0.03 3 0.2

2 6 total 6 8 6 6 6 6 7 8 6 7 9 9 6 6 6 6 6 6 9 6

UB α 

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ

NPE+ NPE+ total

ARGUS Ships UB α 

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ

NPE+ NPE+ total

DOMINIC I Ships UB α 

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ

NPE+ NPE+ total

 or total (external γ dose plus internal α and β+γ dose, excluding any initial external γ dose ).

HARDTACK I NonExposed Ships No Potential for Exposure (NPE)

No Potential for Exposure

No Potential for Exposure

No Potential for Exposure

No Potential for Exposure

No Potential for Exposure

+ NPE means no potential for exposure.

No Potential for Exposure

No Potential for Exposure

No Potential for Exposure

* The total organ doses do not sum up to their components due to rounding.

† UB means upper bound dose for the given radiation type: internal alpha (α), internal beta plus gamma (β+γ), 
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Table A7-2. Estimated Radiation Doses (rem) for Land-Based Personnel at the Pacific Proving Ground*

Radiation 

Type†

AdrenalsBone SurfaceBrainBreastStomach wallSmall Intestine wallUpper Large Intestine WallLower Large Intestine WallkidneysLiverExtra-Thoracic RegionLungMusclePancreasRed MarrowSpleenTestesThymusThyroidUrinary Bladder Wall

CROSSROADS Land UB α 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0.03 0.09 total 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09

BIKINI Resurvey UB α 0.09 49 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.3 11 0.5 1 0.09 0.09 3 0.09 0.7 0.09 0.09 0.09

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.02 1 0.007 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.1 0.3 0.01 0.3 0.2 3 0.008 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.008 0.008

0.8 3 total 3 52 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 14 3 6 3 3 5 3 4 3 3 3

SANDSTONE Land UB α <0.001 0.5 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 0.1 0.005 0.01 <0.001 0.002 0.03 0.003 0.006 <0.001 0.002 <0.001

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.007 0.07 0.003 0.006 0.02 0.03 0.2 0.3 0.005 0.02 0.4 0.8 0.005 0.006 0.03 0.005 0.003 0.007 0.6 0.01

0.2 0.6 total 0.6 1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.9 2 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1 0.6

GREENHOUSE Land UB α 0.005 3 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.02 0.6 0.03 0.06 0.005 0.005 0.2 0.005 0.04 0.005 0.005 0.005

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.2 2 0.08 0.2 0.9 2 5 8 0.2 0.3 12 15 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.06 0.2 16 0.4

7 21 total 21 25 21 21 22 23 26 29 21 22 33 36 21 21 22 21 21 21 36 22

IVY Land UB α 0.002 2 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.004 0.3 0.02 0.03 0.002 0.002 0.06 0.002 0.02 0.002 0.002 0.002

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.02 0.7 0.007 0.02 0.04 0.08 0.4 0.7 0.02 0.2 1 3 0.02 0.02 0.08 0.02 0.009 0.02 0.8 0.02

0.2 0.4 total 0.4 3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.7 1 0.4 0.7 2 3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 2 0.4

CASTLE Land UB α 0.02 7 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 2 0.07 0.2 0.02 0.02 0.4 0.02 0.1 0.02 0.02 0.02

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.1 5 0.05 0.08 0.5 0.9 4 7 0.2 0.9 11 15 0.08 0.09 0.4 0.08 0.08 0.1 8 0.2

2 5 total 5 16 5 5 6 6 8 12 5 7 16 20 5 5 6 5 5 5 13 5

REDWING Land UB α 0.02 9 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 2 0.09 0.2 0.02 0.02 0.5 0.02 0.2 0.02 0.02 0.02

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.2 5 0.2 0.2 2 3 9 16 0.4 0.9 25 30 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.3 23 0.6

6 18 total 19 31 18 18 20 21 27 34 19 21 43 48 18 18 19 18 19 19 41 19

HARDTACK I Land UB α 0.02 12 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.06 3 0.2 0.3 0.02 0.02 0.6 0.02 0.2 0.02 0.02 0.02

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.2 3 0.07 0.2 0.4 0.8 4 8 0.6 0.6 12 11 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.08 0.2 11 0.6

3 8 total 8 22 8 8 8 9 12 16 9 11 20 19 8 8 9 9 8 8 19 9

DOMINIC I Land UB α 

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ

NPE+ NPE+ total

 or total (external γ dose plus internal α and β+γ dose, excluding any initial external γ dose ).

EPG Name

* The total organ doses do not sum up to their components due to rounding.

† UB means upper bound dose for the given radiation type: internal alpha (α), internal beta plus gamma (β+γ), 

+ NPE means no potential for exposure.

No Potential for Exposure

No Potential for Exposure

No Potential for Exposure
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Table A7-3. Estimated Radiation Doses (rem) for Post-Operations Personnel at the Pacific Proving Ground*

Radiation 

Type†

AdrenalsBone SurfaceBrainBreastStomach wallSmall Intestine wallUpper Large Intestine WallLower Large Intestine WallkidneysLiverExtra-Thoracic RegionLungMusclePancreasRed MarrowSpleenTestesThymusThyroidUrinary Bladder 

Wall

POST-SANDSTONE UB α <0.001 0.08 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.02 <0.001 0.002 <0.001 <0.001 0.004 <0.001 0.002 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.002 0.02 <0.001 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.009 0.03 <0.001 0.003 0.03 0.2 <0.001 <0.001 0.005 <0.001 <0.001 0.002 0.009 <0.001

0.05 0.2 total 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

POST-GREENHOUSE UB α 0.004 3 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.009 0.5 0.03 0.05 0.004 0.004 0.1 0.004 0.03 0.004 0.004 0.004

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.06 0.6 0.02 0.05 0.07 0.2 0.5 2 0.04 0.1 2 7 0.04 0.05 0.3 0.04 0.02 0.06 2 0.04

3 8 total 8 10 8 8 8 8 8 9 8 8 9 14 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 8

POST_IVY UB α <0.001 0.2 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.03 0.002 0.003 <0.001 <0.001 0.006 <0.001 0.002 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ <0.001 0.07 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.004 0.009 <0.001 0.02 0.02 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 0.004 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.01 <0.001

0.03 0.09 total 0.09 0.3 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.1 0.09 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.09 0.09 0.1 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.1 0.09

POST-CASTLE UB α 0.006 3 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.02 0.7 0.03 0.07 0.006 0.04 0.006 0.2 0.006 0.006 0.05 0.006

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.008 2 0.005 0.008 0.008 0.02 0.04 0.1 0.008 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.006 0.03 0.007 0.08 0.005 0.007 0.03 0.009

0.3 0.8 total 0.8 6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 2 0.9 2 0.8 0.8 0.8 1 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

POST-REDWING UB α 0.02 8 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 2 0.08 0.2 0.02 0.02 0.4 0.02 0.2 0.02 0.02 0.02

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.05 3 0.02 0.05 0.06 0.09 0.4 1 0.04 0.5 2 7 0.03 0.04 0.3 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.8 0.03

2 6 total 6 16 6 6 6 6 7 7 6 8 7 12 6 6 7 6 6 6 7 6

POST-HARDTACK I UB α 0.006 4 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.006 0.02 0.7 0.04 0.08 0.006 0.006 0.2 0.006 0.05 0.006 0.006 0.006

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.009 0.5 0.004 0.007 0.02 0.02 0.2 0.4 0.06 0.1 0.4 1 0.005 0.007 0.05 0.05 0.007 0.008 0.02 0.02

0.4 1 total 1 5 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1

 or total (external γ dose plus internal α and β+γ dose, excluding any initial external γ dose ).

EPG Name

* The total organ doses do not sum up to their components due to rounding.

† UB means upper bound dose for the given radiation type: internal alpha (α), internal beta plus gamma (β+γ), 
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Table A7-4. Estimated Radiation Doses (rem) for Personnel at the Nevada Test Site*

Radiation 

Type†

AdrenalsBone SurfaceBrainBreastStomach wallSmall Intestine wallUpper Large Intestine WallLower Large Intestine WallkidneysLiverExtra-Thoracic RegionLungMusclePancreasRed MarrowSpleenTestesThymusThyroidUrinary Bladder Wall

NTS Obs/Man UB α 0.008 5 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.008 0.02 1 0.05 0.1 0.008 0.008 0.3 0.008 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.008

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.02 0.2 0.006 0.01 0.05 0.07 0.2 0.4 0.009 0.03 0.7 2 0.009 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.005 0.02 0.8 0.02

4 10 total 10 14 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 10

NTS Support Troops UB α 0.007 4 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.02 0.8 0.04 0.08 0.007 0.007 0.2 0.007 0.05 0.007 0.007 0.007

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ <0.001 0.05 <0.001 <0.001 0.006 0.009 0.03 0.05 <0.001 0.02 0.09 0.09 <0.001 <0.001 0.004 <0.001 0.001 0.001 0.2 0.003

0.04 0.1 total 0.2 4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

2MCPAEB UB α 0.003 2 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.003 0.007 0.4 0.02 0.04 0.003 0.003 0.09 0.003 0.03 0.003 0.003 0.003

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.03 0.3 0.02 0.02 0.2 0.2 0.6 2 0.02 0.04 2 3 0.02 0.02 0.08 0.02 0.009 0.03 2 0.05

6 17 total 17 19 17 17 17 17 17 18 17 17 19 20 17 17 17 17 17 17 19 17

TF WARRIOR UB α 0.02 10 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.05 2 0.2 0.4 0.02 0.02 0.5 0.02 0.2 0.02 0.02 0.02

Ext Dose Upper Bound UB β+γ 0.09 2 0.06 0.07 0.7 1 3 4 0.08 0.4 9 8 0.08 0.09 0.4 0.08 0.06 0.1 9 0.3

2 5 total 5 16 5 5 6 6 8 9 5 7 13 12 5 5 6 5 5 5 13 5

 or total (external γ dose plus internal α and β+γ dose, excluding any initial external γ dose ).

EPG Name

* The total organ doses do not sum up to their components due to rounding.

† UB means upper bound dose for the given radiation type: internal alpha (α), internal beta plus gamma (β+γ), 
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Attachment 8.

QA/QC Review Report for Dose Summary Sheet
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Attachment 9.

RDA Report Review Checklist

This attachment is applicable to ORAU reviews of cases that are not expedited.
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DTRA / NTPR - Standard Operating Procedures Manual

RA02 – Expedited Processing of Radiation Dose Assessments for Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Testing Veterans

Revision No.: 4.2

Date: May 15, 2022

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DTRA / NTPR - Standard Operating Procedures Manual

RA02 – Expedited Processing of Radiation Dose Assessments for Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Testing Veterans

Revision No.: 4.2

Date: May 15, 2022

Page 80 of 82
DTRA / NTPR - Standard Operating Procedures Manual

RA02 – Expedited Processing of Radiation Dose Assessments for Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Testing Veterans

Revision No.: 4.2

Date: May 15, 2022

Page 81 of 82
DTRA / NTPR - Standard Operating Procedures Manual

RA02 – Expedited Processing of Radiation Dose Assessments for Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Testing Veterans

Revision No.: 4.2

Date: May 15, 2022

Page 82 of 82