U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

2012 Election Administration and Voting Survey

A Summary of Key Findings, September 2013
U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

The 2012 Election Administration 

and Voting Survey

A SUMMARY OF KEY FINDINGS

September 2013
Table of Contents

Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Survey Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Survey Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Registering to vote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

How Americans cast their ballots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Overseas voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1

Casting and counting provisional votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1

Election administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1

Observations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1

Appendix A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1

Appendix B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1

Appendix C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
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Executive Summary

The U.S. Election Assistance Commission’s (EAC) Election 

Administration and Voting Survey (EAVS) is the nation’s 

foremost data collection effort on how Americans cast 

their ballots. The 2012 survey is the fifth sponsored by EAC 

and forms the basis for this report. 

There were approximately 194.2 million total eligible and registered voters in the United States reported 

for the November 2012 election, an increase of nearly 

3.7 million registered voters since the last presidential 

election in 2008. The 2012 EAC survey collected information on how 131,590,825 Americans participated in 

the election. Response rates to the survey have been 

increasing over time, with 2012 seeing the highest jurisdiction-level participation rates since the EAC began 

conducting this study.1

 Although the completeness of 

State responses varied, valuable voting data were collected from each of the 50 States, three territories, and 

the District of Columbia.2

Over half of American voters cast a regular ballot in 

person at a polling place on Election Day in 2012 (56.5%). 

Others voted by domestic absentee ballot (16.6%); by early 

voting before Election Day (9.0%); by mail voting (4.9%); by 

provisional ballot, the validity of which was decided after 

Election Day (1.6%); or by absentee ballot as overseas or 

uniformed services voters (0.5%).3

States transmitted nearly 33.1 million domestic 

absentee ballots and 83.5% were returned and submitted 

for counting. Oregon and Washington conduct their elections entirely by mail, and in three other Western States 

(Arizona, Colorado, and Montana), more than half of all 

voters cast their ballots via absentee voting. 

Improved data collection on Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA) ballots 

resulted in a more complete picture of voting by uniformed services and overseas voters. States reported 

transmitting over 876,000 ballots to UOCAVA voters, 

and 66.0% were returned and submitted for counting. 

Of UOCAVA ballots cast, 95.8% were counted; the others 

were rejected for various reasons, including missing 

ballot return deadlines.

Provisional ballots once again proved to be a substantial source of both ballots and votes in some States, 

with more than 2,702,000 provisional ballots submitted 

by voters nationwide. Four States—Arizona, California, New York, and Ohio—each reported more than 

100,000 provisional ballots submitted and accounted for 

70.6% of the nation’s total. States counted 72.9% of their 

provisional ballots in whole or in part. Over 651,000 provisional ballots, or 24.1%, were rejected, most commonly 

because it was determined that the voter was not properly registered. States reported using their provisional 

ballots in different ways; for example, some States issue 

provisional ballots when voters wish to change their 

address on Election Day. 

In addition to the voting data, the 2012 survey collected information on a range of election administration 

topics, including the ages of poll workers, the number 

of polling places, and the types of voting technology. 

Among the key findings were that States employed 

almost 888,000 poll workers in nearly 120,000 polling 

places in the 2012 election, or roughly 7.4 poll workers 

per polling place, a slight increase from the last presidential election. Poll workers tend to be older on average 

than the general population. Ages were reported for over 

361,000 poll workers; of those, 59.1% were between ages 

41 and 70 and over one-fifth (22.3%) were aged 71 years 

or older. Over a third of responding jurisdictions (39.0%) 

reported having some difficulty in obtaining sufficient 

numbers of poll workers. 

The type of voting technologies varies across and 

within States. Seventeen States reported deploying 121,638 

Direct Recording Electronic (DRE) machines without voterverified paper ballots. Another 18 States reported using 

79,357 DREs with voter-verified paper audit trails (VVPAT). 

1 Appendix A to this report provides an overview of response 

rates for the last three surveys. 

2 Throughout this report, the word “States” includes “States, territories, and the District of Columbia.”

3 An additional 0.2% voted by other means. States were unable to 

classify the remaining 10.7% of ballots.
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The most widely deployed technology was the optical or 

digital scanner that reads voter-marked ballots; 40 States 

reported using 271,384 such counters or booths in at least 

some of their jurisdictions. 

While gaps remain in the States’ election data collection, response rates to the survey were higher in 2012 

than for previous data collections. There were also 3,476 

more jurisdictions that participated in the survey than in 

2010, largely as a result of a change in the reporting unit 

in Wisconsin.4

 Readers are encouraged to consult the 

complete county-level data available at EAC’s website, at 

www.eac.gov, for complete details, including explanatory 

comments. 

4 Wisconsin’s reporting units in 2012 were municipalities. In 

prior reports, Wisconsin’s data were aggregated by county.
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Introduction

The United States Election Assistance Commission (EAC) 

is an independent, bipartisan commission created by the 

Help America Vote Act of 2002 (HAVA). Its mission is to 

assist State and local election officials with the administration of Federal elections. EAC provides assistance by 

disbursing, administering, and auditing Federal funds 

for States to implement HAVA requirements; conducting studies and other activities to promote the effective 

administration of Federal elections; and serving as a 

source of information regarding election administration.

Since 2004, EAC has collected data on voting, elections, and election administration in the United States. 

These data form the basis for three biennial reports: a 

federally mandated report on the impact of the National 

Voter Registration Act (NVRA), 42 U.S.C. §1973gg (completed in June 2013), a mandated report on the Uniformed 

and Overseas Citizen Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA), 42 

U.S.C. §1973ff (completed in July 2013), and this comprehensive report summarizing find¬ings across all areas of 

the survey. 

Detailed information on the 2012 Election Administration and Voting Survey is presented in this report. It 

contains summaries of the NVRA and UOCAVA reports and 

new information on the methods Americans used to vote 

and how State and local administrators ran their elections 

in 2012. Summary information at the State level is included 

in the tables which accompany the report. 
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Survey Methodology

In 2012, as in previous years, EAC distributed two questionnaires to the States: a quantitative survey, the Election 

Administration and Voting Survey (EAVS) and a qualitative Statutory Overview, which asks States to report on 

their election laws, definitions, and procedures. In order 

to minimize the burden on States when preparing to 

respond to the survey, the 2012 survey contained only 

minor changes to both the Statutory Overview and the 

EAVS questionnaire from the 2010 versions. The final, 

approved version of the survey, posted on the EAC website 

in May 2012, contained 48 questions in the EAVS questionnaire and 22 questions in the Statutory Overview. A 

majority of the questions in both surveys contained subquestions. 

The quantitative portion of the 2012 EAVS was composed of six sections: 

1. Voter registration, which included questions required 

by the NVRA; 

2. Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act, 

which included questions required by that Act; 

3. Domestic civilian absentee ballots, which asked about 

the number of ballots submitted, counted, and rejected; 

4. Election administration, which asked States to report on 

their precincts, polling places, and poll workers; 

5. Provisional ballots, which asked about the number of 

ballots submitted, counted, and rejected; and

6. Election Day activities, which contained a range of 

questions, from the number of people who participated 

in the 2012 election to the types of voting technology 

employed by local governments. 

States’ Collection of Election Information

For 2012, EAC continued its efforts to present the survey 

to State officials earlier in the election cycle and to facilitate the task of responding by providing improved survey 

instruments and increased technical assistance. The primary survey instrument designed to assist the States in 

collecting and reporting their statistical data was a Microsoft Excel®-based template. The template offered the States 

two different methods for entering data: a form-based 

method that resembled the look of the questionnaire, 

and a sheet-based view that used a familiar spreadsheet 

format. Embedded in the Microsoft Excel®-based template 

was a set of error-checking algorithms to help States check 

their data using logic and consistency rules before submitting their data to EAC. To further ease the data entry 

burden, the template was preloaded with each State’s 

jurisdictions, and EAC provided a guide summarizing 

how to use the template to States.5

 Most States chose to 

submit their data using this instrument via the project 

website or via email. 

States were asked to send their responses to EAC 

by February 1, 2013. The data provided by the States 

were then checked for logic and consistency errors. Any 

errors or questions concerning the submitted data were 

referred back to the States for review and correction, if 

necessary. The States had two weeks to review and correct their submissions. Fifty-four States submitted their 

data to EAC.6

About the States’ Data

In May 2010, EAC adopted a data policy to guide States’ 

submission and verification of their survey data. The 

Guide to the Election Administration and Voting Survey

document provides information to election officials 

responsible for completing the survey and offers EAC 

assurances about States’ validation of the data. The 

Guide is available on EAC’s website (www.eac.gov). The 

Guide contains information about:

•	 EAC processes related to releasing the survey instrument and final reports based on the survey data; 

5 States were allowed to change the list of jurisdictions to match 

their own reporting and administration systems. Some States, 

particularly those with township systems, may change the 

number of local jurisdictions administering elections from year 

to year, as towns run joint elections to ease the administrative 

burden.

6 The Virgin Islands did not respond. Its name appears in the 

tables but without any data.
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•	 the technical assistance EAC provides to the States;

•	 deadlines for submitting the survey data;

•	 the processes and procedures for States’ submission of the

data, including use of the data templates EAC provides; 

•	 the processes and procedures for States’ review, verification, and correction of the data; and 

•	 instructions on how to address errors in the data after

the submission deadline has passed.

In response to both media and general public inquiries about State data cited in EAC’s previous EAVS reports 

and the Federal government’s recent policies related to 

data quality, EAC formally requested that States verify and 

certify in writing the data they submit. For the 2012 EAVS, 

every State submitted with their data a certification page 

signed by its Chief State Election Official.7

The 54 States that responded to the 2012 survey 

varied in their approaches to and completeness of their 

election data collection. Most States relied, at least to 

some degree, upon centralized voter-registration databases (VRDs) and voter history databases, which allowed 

State election officials to respond to each survey question with information from the local level. Other States, 

conversely, collected relatively little election data at the 

State level and instead relied on cooperation from local 

jurisdiction election offices to complete the survey. Some 

States were not able to provide data in all the categories 

requested in the survey and some did not have data for 

all of their local jurisdictions. 

This report summarizes the results of the 2012 EAVS 

and includes a set of detailed tables. A complete dataset 

of responses to the survey is available on EAC’s website at 

www.eac.gov. 

Caution is necessary when interpreting the survey 

data, particularly when comparing the data from yearto-year or State-to-State, due to changes in State data 

collection practices over-time and the varying levels of 

completeness in many States’ responses. Information on 

the number of jurisdictions in each State is provided in 

the tables.

7 The numbers reported here from the States may differ from 

those provided elsewhere by the States. As these have been certified by the States’ Chief Election Officials, they are considered 

by EAC to be the final and official statistics on the 2012 election.

Guide to Terms

Active Voter: A voter registration designation indicating 

the voter is eligible to vote. See also Inactive Voter. 

Ballots Cast: Total numbers of ballots submitted by all 

voters for counting, including by all voting methods 

(absentee, provisional, early, in a polling place, etc.). 

Ballots Counted: Number of ballots actually processed, 

counted, and recorded as votes. 

Domestic Absentee Ballot: A ballot submitted, often by 

mail, in advance of an election, often by a voter who is 

unable to be present at the polls on Election Day. This 

excludes ballots sent to overseas voters that are covered by 

the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act 

of 1986 (UOCAVA). 

Citizen Voting Age Population (CVAP): Persons who are 

citizens and of voting age (18 years or older). These numbers are estimates generated by the U.S. Bureau of the 

Census American Community Survey. See also Voting Age 

Population.

Early Voting: Refers generally to any in-person voting 

that occurred prior to the date of the election at specific 

polling locations for which there were no special eligibility requirements. Early voting is not considered absentee 

voting under the State’s definitions/requirements for 

absentee voting. 

Electorate: The body of persons eligible to vote.

HAVA: The abbreviation for the Help America Vote Act of 

2002, 42 U.S.C. §15301 et seq. The text of HAVA and additional information is available on EAC’s website at www.

eac.gov. 

Inactive Voter: The NVRA allows election jurisdictions 

to move voters to an inactive voter list if the registrant: (1) 

has not either notified the applicable registrar (in person 

or in writing) or responded during the during the period 

described in the statute to the notice sent by the applicable registrar; and subsequently (2) has not voted or 

appeared to vote in two or more consecutive general elections for Federal office. Before moving voters to an inactive 

list, jurisdictions verify voter rolls through mailings or the 

U.S. Postal Service’s National Change of Address (NCOA) 

service. This inactive status and the fail-safe provisions of 

the NVRA allow such people to vote if there was an error. 

See also Active Voter. 
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Jurisdictions: Generic term to signify various geographic 

areas that administer elections. The jurisdictions in 

this study are also the reporting units and may include 

counties, parishes, municipalities, independent cities, 

townships, towns or cities, or, in the case of Alaska, an 

entire State. 

Poll Worker: Election judges, booth workers, wardens, 

commissioners, or other similar terms that refer to the 

person or persons who verify the identity of a voter; assist 

the voter with signing the register, affidavits, or other 

documents required to cast a ballot; assist the voter by 

providing a ballot or setting up the voting machine; and 

serve other functions as dictated by State law. This does 

not include observers stationed at polling places or regular 

election office staff. 

Polling Place: A facility staffed with poll workers and 

equipped with voting equipment, or paper ballots, at 

which persons cast ballots in person on Election Day. Several precincts may be combined into one polling place. 

Precinct: An administrative division representing a 

geographic area in which voters are provided ballots for 

particular offices. These manageable geographic units 

may also be referred to as electoral districts, voting districts, boxes, beats, or wards, depending on State law. The 

number of allowed registered voters in precincts will vary 

according to State law. 

Provisional Ballot: A ballot provided: (1) to an individual 

who claims he or she is registered and eligible to vote but 

whose eligibility or registration status cannot be confirmed at the time he or she presents him- or herself to 

vote; or (2) for other reasons allowed by Federal, State or 

local law.

Section 5: At the time of the 2012 Survey (November 

through February 2013), some jurisdictions were required 

by Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act, 42 U.S.C. §1973 et 

seq., to obtain preclearance from the Department of Justice or the United States District Court for the District of 

Columbia before implementing a change in a voting standard, practice, or procedure. 

Section 203: Some jurisdictions are required by Section 

203 of the Voting Rights Act, 42 U.S.C. §1973 et seq., to provide supplemental voting information to certain language 

minority groups. 

Spoiled ballots: Ballots that, under the applicable State 

law, are incorrectly marked or impaired in some way by 

the voter and turned in by the voter at the polling place or 

mailed in absentee. A replacement ballot is issued so that 

the voter can correctly mark the ballot; also referred to in 

some States as a “voided” ballot. 

Voting Age Population (VAP): People who are 18 years of 

age or older, regardless of whether they are eligible to register to vote, based on estimates made by the Bureau of the 

Census 2010 U.S. Census and adjusted for the estimated 

change in population between 2010 and 2012. Note that 

not all persons of voting age may be eligible to vote (e.g., 

felons, individuals judged to be mentally incompetent, 

noncitizens, etc.). See also Citizen Voting Age Population.
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Survey Results

REGISTERING TO VOTE 

In most places in the United States, voting begins with registration. While North Dakota has no voter registration and 

some other States allow eligible voters to register and vote 

on the same day, in most States, registration takes place 

several weeks prior to the casting of ballots. States maintain 

their voter registration rolls by removing invalid registrations when voters move out of State or die and by keeping 

eligible and registered voters on the rolls. 

The key Federal legislation on voter registration is 

the National Voter Registration Act, or NVRA, 42 U.S.C. 

§1973gg. The information presented in this section is 

offered in greater detail in the EAC report, The Impact 

of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 on the 

Administration of Elections for Federal Office, 2011–2012, 

available on EAC’s website. The report includes complete 

data tables with totals for each State; data cited in this section are contained in those tables.

How Many Are Eligible To Vote?

The United States Census is required by Article I, Section 2 of 

the U.S. Constitution. Obtaining an accurate and complete 

census of the population remains a daunting task. Complicating the situation is that the decennial census is only a baseline. 

For example, population estimates must take into account 

immigration (both legal and illegal), internal migration, mortality rates, and natural population growth and aging. 

The Census estimated the domestic Voting Age Population (VAP), which includes those 18 years and older, at 

243,003,673 for 2012. Voter participation data by State 

are shown in Table 29.8

 The VAP is based on the 2010 U.S. 

Decennial Census, with the estimated change in population between 2010 and 2012 taken into account.

The EAC obtained estimates of the citizen voting age 

population (CVAP) from the 2011 American Community 

REGISTERING TO VOTE

To register to vote a person must be a U.S. citize

and, meet age and residency requirements. Eligibility varies according to State laws. Persons who hav

been legally declared mentally incompetent or who 

have been convicted of a felony and have not had 

their civil rights legally restored may not be able to 

vote (based on State law)

Individuals can register to vote by mail when 

applying for a driver’s license or identity card at their 

State’s driver’s licensing offices, at offices providing 

public assistance, at offices providing State-funded 

programs for people with dis¬abilities, and at Armed 

Forces recruitment offices. Many states offer voter

registration services on their website

An individual can obtain a registration application from either the local election official in his or 

her county or city or town of residence, or through 

reg¬istration outreach programs sponsored by various private groups. Federal registration forms and

many State forms are now accessible on the Internet

The National Mail Voter Registration Form is 

the one document that allows individuals to register 

to vote from anywhere in the United States. (North

Dakota does not have voter registration; Wyoming 

and the four territories do not accept this form; New 

Hampshire accepts the form only as a request for an 

absentee voter mail-in registration form.) The form is

available at www.eac.gov.

Survey from the U.S. Census Bureau and applied them to 

the 2012 VAP. The nationwide estimate for CVAP for 2012 

was 222,250,587. The State CVAP data are also reported in 

Table 29.9

8 Tables 1-7 are presented in The Impact of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 on the Administration of Elections for Federal 

Office, 2011–2012. Tables 8-27 are presented in the 2012 Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act Survey report. 

Both reports are available on EAC’s website (www.eac.gov).

9 U.S. Bureau of the Census, American Community Survey, 

http://www.census.gov/acs/www. The true number of eligible 

voters is reduced further by variation in State laws such as the 

eligibility of those convicted of felony crimes and those judged 

to be mentally incapacitated. 
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Registration

States reported that more than 194 million persons registered to vote for the 2012 election. While EAC’s NVRA report 

showed that approximately 79.9% of the nation’s estimated 

voting age population of 243 million was registered to vote, 

registration rates varied across the country from a low of 

54.5% in Wyoming to a high of 97.9% in Michigan.10

The 2012 EAVS asked a question to distinguish 

between States that did have Election Day or Same Day 

Registration in 2012 versus States that did not have formal 

Election Day Registration but in some cases allowed 

voters to register and vote on the same day for the 2012 

election. Most States require eligible persons to register to 

vote in advance of the election, but an increasing number 

of States are allowing some form of Same Day or Election Day Registration. Some States have formal same-day 

voting systems, while others limit same-day voting to 

certain contests or certain groups of voters. For example, 

Alaska limits Election Day registrants to voting only for 

Federal offices. Further, some States experience overlaps 

between early voting periods and the cutoff date for registration resulting in some voters being able to register and 

vote on the same day. 

Twelve States including Alaska, the District of Columbia, Idaho, Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, Montana, New 

Hampshire, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Wisconsin, and 

Wyoming indicated that they had Election Day Registration 

or Same Day Registration for the November 2012 presidential election. California, Colorado, Mississippi, New 

Mexico, Ohio, Oregon, Vermont, and Washington reported 

a number of voters who were allowed to register and then 

to vote on the same day, but did not indicate that they have 

Election Day Registration or Same Day Registration

Active Versus Inactive Voter Rolls

States vary in how they report their registration figures. In 

2012, 16 States indicated that they only count active voters 

in their total number of registrations, 30 States counted 

both active and inactive voters as registered voters, and 

seven States had some jurisdictions count only active 

voters while other jurisdictions counted both active and 

inactive voters in their registration figures.11 Responses to 

the 2012 survey show that over 23.1 million registrants in 

the United States remain on the list of inactive voters.”

Voter Turnout Rates in 2012

Every eligible voter does not necessarily register to vote, 

and not every registered voter casts a ballot in each election. In Table 29, voter turnout is reported using three 

different measures of the eligible population. 

Estimates of voter turnout vary depending on the population base used for comparison. Often turnout is based 

on a percentage of the total estimated voting age population, an estimate of the number of individuals living in the 

United States who were 18 or older in 2012. This measure 

provides the lowest estimate of voter participation in the 

United States because it does not take into account persons’ 

citizenship status. Using Census estimates of the citizen 

voting age population (CVAP) to calculate turnout produces 

a higher estimate of voter participation because a lower 

number of eligible voters is assumed. 

HOW AMERICANS CAST THEIR BALLOTS 

An increasing number of alternatives to voting in person 

at a polling place on Election Day have expanded the ways 

that Americans cast their ballots in Federal elections. In 

some places, such as Oregon and Washington, voters primarily receive and submit their ballots through the mail. 

Further, more States have adopted “no-excuse” absentee 

voting, which allows more people to vote by mail or in 

person before Election Day as a convenience. Twentyfive States reported maintaining “permanent absentee” 

lists, automating the distribution of ballots to voters who 

request their ballot through the mail in every election. 

In some communities, election administrators have set 

up “vote centers,” central locations where any voter from 

any precinct can cast his or her ballot. Finally, voters in 

Federal elections who encounter challenges or problems 

at the polling place, such as finding their names removed 

from the registration rolls, can now vote “provisional” 

ballots, which can be counted later when questions concerning registration are resolved. 

Over 56% of Americans who voted in the 2012 general 

election voted in the traditional way of casting their ballots in person at their local polling place on Election Day. 

The 2012 survey collected data from over 7,800 jurisdictions (of 8,154 total) on how people who participated in the 

2012 elections cast their ballot (see Table 28).

Of the 131,590,825 voters participating in the election, 74,343,638 (56.5%) voted in person at polling places. 

10 This excludes North Dakota, which has no voter registration, 

and Alaska and the District of Columbia, which reported registration rates over 100% of the estimated voting age population.

11 North Dakota does not have voter registration and therefore 

does not make a distinction between active and inactive voters.
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An additional 21,853,762 (16.6%) voters cast their ballots 

as domestic absentee voters, and States reported 600,048 

UOCAVA voters (0.5%).12 Mail voting accounted for 

6,459,136 ballots, or 4.9% of the vote. Provisional ballots 

accounted for 2,139,315 ballots, or 1.6% of the vote.13 Provisional balloting is discussed in greater detail below.

Twenty-nine States reported that 11,794,312 people 

(9.0%) cast their votes before Election Day through various 

12 UOCAVA data on voter participation differs from UOCAVA 

ballot data because of variations in how States answered the 

questions and/or track their data.

13 An additional 0.2% voted by other means. States were unable to 

classify the remaining 10.7% of ballots.

VOTER REGISTRATION

The 2012 election saw a substantial increase in the total 

number of registration applications received directly 

over the Internet. In 2012, States reported receiving

3,329,216 Internet applications, up from 768,211 in 

2010. The number of States receiving Internet applications has also increased in the past few election cycles,

from 8 States in 2008, to 17 in 2010, and to 21 States in 

2012. Note: States vary in their interpretation of Internet

(or online) voter registration; for some it is defined as 

offering a fillable PDF while for others it includes the 

ability to email the voter registration form. 

RANKING OF STATE BY PERCENTAGE OF VOTER TURNOUT

Rank Based on Voting Age 

Population (VAP)

Based on Citizen Voting 

Age Population (CVAP)

Rank Based on Voting Age 

Population (VAP)

Based on Citizen Voting 

Age Population (CVAP)

1 Minnesota 71.9% Minnesota 75.3% 27 District of Columbia 56.3% Pennsylvania 59.6%

2 Wisconsin 69.8% Wisconsin 72.1% 28 Florida 55.9% South Dakota 59.6%

3 New Hampshire 68.7% Colorado 71.0% 29 Connecticut 55.8% Louisiana 59.3%

4 Maine 68.2% New Hampshire 70.8% 30 Alaska 55.6% Rhode Island 58.7%

5 Iowa 67.6% Iowa 69.7% 31 Illinois 54.4% Alaska 58.2%

6 Colorado 65.6% Maine 69.3% 32 South Carolina 54.4% Wyoming 58.2%

7 Ohio 63.4% Massachusetts 66.6% 33 Rhode Island 54.2% Alabama 57.9%

8 Montana 62.8% Virginia 66.2% 34 Kentucky 54.0% Georgia 56.9%

9 Michigan 62.8% Maryland 65.8% 35 Indiana 53.9% South Carolina 56.5%

10 Virginia 61.6% Washington 65.7% 36 New Jersey 53.8% Nevada 56.4%

11 Missouri 61.5% Michigan 65.1% 37 Georgia 52.6% Utah 55.9%

12 North Carolina 60.8% Ohio 64.9% 38 Utah 52.0% Indiana 55.7%

13 Massachusetts 60.7% North Carolina 64.7% 39 Kansas 51.6% California 55.6%

14 Vermont 60.7% Oregon 64.5% 40 Tennessee 50.0% Kentucky 55.3%

15 Washington 60.4% Montana 63.5% 41 Nevada 48.6% Kansas 54.3%

16 Maryland 60.2% Florida 63.2% 42 Arkansas 48.3% New York 53.2%

17 Oregon 59.9% Missouri 63.1% 43 Arizona 47.1% Arizona 53.1%

18 North Dakota 59.9% District of Columbia 62.1% 44 Oklahoma 46.7% Tennessee 51.8%

19 Delaware 58.7% Delaware 62.1% 45 New York 46.6% Arkansas 50.1%

20 South Dakota 58.6% Vermont 61.9% 46 West Virginia 46.6% Oklahoma 48.7%

21 Nebraska 58.6% Nebraska 61.4% 47 California 45.5% Texas 48.4%

22 Louisiana 57.8% New Jersey 61.2% 48 New Mexico 43.2% West Virginia 46.9%

23 Pennsylvania 57.7% North Dakota 60.9% 49 Texas 41.9% New Mexico 46.9%

24 Idaho 57.0% Connecticut 60.8% 50 Hawaii 40.1% Hawaii 44.0%

25 Wyoming 56.9% Illinois 59.9% 51 Mississippi 39.7% Mississippi 40.4%

26 Alabama 56.3% Idaho 59.8%
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 1 0

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

FIGURE 1. EARLY IN-PERSON VOTING 2012 GENERAL ELECTION

WA

OR

CA

NV

AZ

AK

ID

MT

WY

UT

CO

NM

TX

OK

KS

NE

SD

ND

MN

IA

MO

AR

LA

MS AL GA

FL

SC

NC TN

KY

IL

WI

MI

OH IN

VA

WV

PA

NY

ME

DC

MD

DE

NJ

CT

RI

MA

NH

VT

HI

41%–70.99%

21%–40.99%

5%–20.99%

0.01%–4.99%

0

forms of early voting. In several States, early voting 

made up a sizeable proportion of the total votes cast. For 

example, in Nevada, North Carolina, and Tennessee, early 

voters constituted over half of all ballots.

In reporting these totals, States drew from various 

sources to determine their participation numbers14 (see 

Table 30): 

• 17 States reported using poll book records;

• 27 States drew from totals of ballots counted;

• 19 States used databases of voter histories; and

• 10 States used the total number of votes for the highest

office on the ballot.

Domestic Absentee Voting

Absentee voting covers a range of circumstances under 

which voters cast their ballots without appearing at a 

polling place on Election Day. Some States require valid 

reasons, such as being out of town on Election Day or 

having a work schedule that precludes getting to a polling 

place. Other States allow any voter who requests it to vote by 

absentee ballot. Absentee voting has gradually expanded 

through the years, and many States no longer require an 

14 Most States used a combination of methods.

excuse. Oregon and Washington have moved to replace 

their polling place systems entirely with vote-by-mail.15

States reported that 33,070,385 absentee ballots were transmitted to voters (see Table 31). The 2012 EAC survey 

collected data on absentee voting from 54 States. Approximately 8 out of 10 absentee ballots (27,624,254 ballots, or 

FIGURE 2. HOW AMERICANS VOTED IN THE 2012 GENERAL 

ELECTION

In-person (56.5%)

Domestic 

Absentee (16.6%)

Not Categorized 

(10.7%)

Early voting 

(9.0%)

Mail Voting 

(4.9%)

Provisional (1.6%)

UOCAVA (0.5%)

Other (0.2%)

15 States vary in whether they consider vote-by-mail ballots to 

be absentee ballots; some States with vote-by-mail reserve the 

term “absentee” for specific circum¬stances. Also, the absentee voting discussed in this section generally does not include 

voters covered by UOCAVA.
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 11

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

83.5%) were returned and submitted for counting. Additionally, 425,310 (1.3%) of the domestic absentee ballots were 

reported to have been returned as undeliverable, 266,642 

(0.8%) were spoiled, and for 3,760,269 (11.4%) the status 

was uncertain. As in past elections, Western States had 

the highest rates of absentee voting, with absentee voting 

accounting for more than half of all ballots in Arizona, 

Colorado, and Montana.

States reported counting 26,834,076 absentee ballots 

(97.1%), and rejecting 258,380 (0.9%) (see Tables 32, 33a, 33b, 

and 33c). Guam, Kentucky, and Louisiana reported rejecting 

5% or more of their absentee ballots. The reasons for rejecting voters’ absentee ballots varied widely. Many States do not 

track the reasons absentee ballots are rejected, leaving an 

incomplete picture of why these ballots were not counted.

Readers should note that the “Reasons for Rejected 

Absentee Ballots” listed below are for ballots submitted 

for counting; nearly 692,000 absentee ballots were never 

submitted, but instead were returned as undeliverable or 

spoiled. 

OVERSEAS VOTING

Voting by members of the uniformed services and by U.S. 

citizens living overseas is an area of critical concern in 

election administration. The reliance of the United States 

on local election administration and on casting ballots in 

physical polling places, as well as State requirements of 

prior registration, present special difficulties for eligible 

voters living outside the country. Federal requirements 

concerning registration and voting by overseas and uniformed services voters are contained in the Uniformed 

and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA), 42 

U.S.C. §1973ff, signed into law in 1986. 

Since 2004, EAC has gathered data on UOCAVA 

ballots and voters, pursuant to the statutory reporting 

obligations in UOCAVA and HAVA. In the 2012 survey, 18 

questions sought to gather detailed information on overseas voting. What is presented in this section is explained

in more detail in the 2012 Uniformed and Overseas Citizens 

Absentee Voting Act Survey Observations Report, available 

at EAC’s website, www.eac.gov. 

Improved data collection of UOCAVA-related 

information resulted in high response rates in 2012 

and more jurisdictions responding overall to this portion 

of the survey than in previous years. While gaps 

remain, better data are gradually becoming available 

on UOCAVA voting.

Responding to the survey’s UOCAVA questions, States 

reported transmitting over 876,000 ballots under 42 U.S.C. 

§1973ff-3(a) of UOCAVA. Five States (California, Florida, 

New York, Texas, and Washington) each transmitted more 

than 50,000 ballots and together accounted for nearly half 

of the national total of ballots transmitted. Military voters 

accounted for slightly more of the ballots transmitted than 

did civilian voters. 

While 876,362 ballots transmitted to uniformed services and overseas civilian voters, 606,425 ballots (69.2%) 

were submitted for counting including Federal Write-in 

Absentee Ballots (FWABs) which are not transmitted to 

voters. Nearly one-quarter of transmitted ballots, 22.2%, 

were not returned and their status remained unknown. 

Among the ballots submitted for counting were at least 

44,766 FWABs, which UOCAVA voters can use when their 

requested ballots do not arrive in time. FWAB usage 

remains a relatively small proportion of UOCAVA voting 

for both uniformed services and civilian voters. 

Once submitted, 95.8% of UOCAVA ballots were 

counted. Military voters made up slightly more of the total 

ballots counted (52.4%) than civilian voters (45.4%). Fortynine States reported rejecting 33,762 UOCAVA ballots. The 

HIGHEST ABSENTEE VOTING RATES16

Colorado 71.4%

Arizona 65.9%

Montana 57.5%

Georgia 48.8%

TOP REASONS FOR REJECTING ABSENTEE BALLOTS

Number Percent

Missed deadline 82,922 32.1%

Non-matching signature 45,392 17.6%

Lack of valid signature 44,748 17.3%

First-time voters lacking required ID 7,719 3.0%

No witness signature 4,917 1.9%

Already voted in person 4,717 1.8%

Deceased voter 2,707 1.0%

Unofficial envelope 1,949 0.8%

Ballot missing from envelope 1,848 0.7%

Unsealed envelope 1,035 0.4%

No proper address 600 0.2%

16 Oregon and Washington - which vote entirely by mail – were 

also excluded.
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 12

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

FIGURE 3. NUMBER OF BALLOTS TRANSMITTED TO UOCAVA VOTERS — 2012 ELECTION

WA

OR

CA

NV

AZ

AK

ID

MT

WY

UT

CO

NM

TX

OK

KS

NE

SD

ND

MN

IA

MO

AR

LA

MS AL GA

FL

SC

NC TN

KY

IL

WI

MI

OH IN

VA

WV

PA

NY

ME

DC

MD

DE

NJ

CT

RI

MA

NH

VT

HI

50,000–112,355

20,000–49,999

10,000–19,999

1,606–9,999

most common reason for rejecting a UOCAVA ballot was 

that the voter missed the deadline for returning the ballot; 

40.4% of rejected ballots were not counted for this reason.

CASTING AND COUNTING PROVISIONAL VOTES

The 2012 Federal election was the fifth in which voters in 

all 50 States, the territories, and the District of Columbia 

were allowed to cast a provisional ballot even if their name 

did not appear on the voter registration rolls in the jurisdiction where they intended to vote, they failed to have the 

required identification, their eligibility was challenged by 

an election official, or for other reasons provided by law. 

Pursuant to HAVA Section 302(a), such voters were allowed 

to cast a provisional ballot, which would be later counted if 

election officials determined the person was eligible to vote. 

Before the minimum standards set by HAVA, the 

rules regarding the use of provisional ballots varied widely 

among the States, and some variation continues. States 

that had Election Day Registration when HAVA was passed 

in 2002 are not required to offer provisional ballots. 

Idaho, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Wisconsin, and 

Wyoming are exempt from the HAVA provisional ballot 

requirements, but some of them reported small numbers 

of provisional ballots, including New Hampshire (2), Wisconsin (135), and Wyoming (33). 

A total of 2,702,470 provisional ballots were submitted 

for counting in 2012. States reported that 1,790,294 (66.2%) 

of the provisional ballots) were counted in full, and 

180,571 (6.7%) were partially counted. States responding to 

this survey question reported that 651,372 provisional ballots (24.1%) were rejected.

California and New York reported the largest 

number of provisional ballots, accounting for 56.1% of 

all provisional ballots cast nationwide in the 2012 election (see Table 34). As a share of voters participating in 

the election, the District of Columbia (13.1%), California 

(7.4%), Arizona (6.5%), and Alaska (6.0%) had the largest percentages of voters cast provisional ballots (see 

Table 28). Readers should note that the different ways in 

which States use provisional ballots makes comparisons 

among States difficult. Those States that require a provisional ballot for more circumstances will have a higher 

incidence of provisional ballot usage when compared to 

those States with more limited uses. Ohio, for example, 

uses provisional ballots to process voters’ change of 

address requests in addition to providing an alternative 

means to vote.
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 1 3

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

FIGURE 4. REJECTION RATES FOR PROVISIONAL BALLOTS — 2012 ELECTION

WA

OR

CA

NV

AZ

AK

ID

MT

WY

UT

CO

NM

TX

OK

KS

NE

SD

ND

MN

IA

MO

AR

LA

MS AL GA

FL

SC

NC TN

KY

IL

WI

MI

OH IN

VA

WV

PA

NY

ME

DC

MD

DE

NJ

CT

RI

MA

NH

VT

HI

90%–100%

75%–89%

50%–74%

25%–49%

0%–24%

No Data

 In 2012, 1,970,865 people cast a provisional ballot 

that was either partially or fully counted, or about 1.5% of 

all Americans who participated in the election. On average, about 1 out of every 41 voters who cast their vote in 

a polling place cast a provisional ballot. Approximately 

72.9% of all the provisional ballots cast were counted in 

full or in part (15 States reported counting partial provisional ballots).17 The percentage of provisional ballots 

being counted grew from the previous presidential election; in 2008, 1,451,086 provisional ballots were counted 

in full or in part, or 67.3% of provisional ballots cast. 

Five States (Alaska, the District of Columbia, Maine, 

Montana, and Oregon) reported counting 90% or more of 

their provisional ballots. An additional 11 States reported 

counting at least 70% of their provisional ballots. Conversely, 26 States reported counting fewer than half of 

their provisional ballots.

Reasons Provisional Ballots Were Rejected

The reasons for rejecting provisional ballots are shown in 

Tables 35a and 35b. Most provisional ballots (38.2%) were 

rejected because the voter was found not to be registered 

in the State. Another 25.1% were from voters who sought to 

vote in a precinct or jurisdiction other than where they were 

17 A partially counted ballot means the jurisdiction counted only 

the races for which the voter was eligible.

registered, and State laws mandated that such ballots could 

not be counted. The principal reasons for the rejection of a 

provisional ballot are summarized in the table below.

ELECTION ADMINISTRATION

Despite the increase in convenient voting options such as

”no excuse” absentee voting and vote-by-mail, over 56% of

Americans cast their vote in the 2012 general election in

polling places on Election Day. Providing voting services 

to more than 74 million voters on Election Day required a 

massive effort organized through thousands of precincts, 

polling places, and poll workers across the country.

TOP REASONS FOR REJECTING PROVISIONAL BALLOTS

Number Percent

Voter not registered 248,529 38.2% 

Wrong jurisdiction 128,923 19.8% 

Wrong precinct 34,703 5.3% 

Lacked sufficient ID 13,333 2.0% 

Incomplete or illegible ballot or 

envelope 

9,233 1.4% 

Voter already voted 8,865 1.4%

No signature 8,402 1.3% 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 1 4

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

Polling Places and Precincts

States employ some system of precincts (bounded geographic areas to which voters are assigned) and polling 

places (locations where voting actually takes place) to 

conduct their elections. In 2012, States operated 176,906 precincts and 119,968 physical polling places (see Table 41).18

Of all polling places, 91,282 were separate from 

official election offices (schools, community halls, etc.), 

whereas a reported 1,492 election offices were open for 

casting ballots. States reported that 4,184 locations were 

available for early voting, including 1,595 election offices.

Poll Books

Electronic poll books, or electronic voter lists, are in use in 

some fashion in 25 States (see Table 36): 

•	 23 States reported that a total of 645 jurisdictions used

electronic poll books to sign in voters; 

•	 21 States reported that a total of 610 jurisdictions used

electronic poll books to update voter histories; 

•	 24 States reported that a total of 947 jurisdictions used

electronic poll books to look up polling place assignments for voters; and 

•	 12 States reported using electronic poll books for some

other purpose.

Most polling places still use preprinted lists of registered voters (see Table 37). In the preponderance of 

reporting jurisdictions (3,279 cases), these books were 

printed by local jurisdictions, with 274 cases where the 

printing was completed by the State and the poll books 

shipped to the jurisdictions.

Poll Workers 

The term “poll worker” encompasses many different names 

across the United States. Poll workers may be referred to as 

election judges, booth workers, wardens, commissioners, or 

other similar terms. As defined in this report, “poll worker” 

refers to the person or persons who verify the identity of a 

voter; assist the voter with signing the register, affidavits, or 

other documents required to cast a ballot; assist the voter 

by providing a ballot or setting up the voting machine; and 

may serve other functions as dictated by State law. The term 

does not apply to observers stationed at polling places or to 

regular election office staff. 

The complexity of voting technology and rules has led 

States to seek poll workers with specialized technological 

knowledge. In many States, poll technicians are assigned 

to help keep voting machines and electronic poll books 

functioning properly. 

Fifty States reported deploying 887,854 poll workers 

for Election Day 2012 (see Table 39). California alone had 

89,440 poll workers. 

The reliance of many jurisdictions on retirees as poll 

workers has made their age a topic of interest. The EAC 

survey asked jurisdictions to report the ages of their poll 

workers (see Table 39). Thirty States were able to provide at 

least some data on poll worker ages. 

States reported age ranges for 361,135 poll workers. The 

largest number of poll workers fell into two age groups: 41 to 

60 and 61 to 70 years of age (both age groups, respectively, 

included approximately 30% of poll workers). About 22% 

of the poll workers with reported age ranges were aged 71 

years or older. Young poll workers are relatively rare; 10.8% 

of poll workers were under 26 years of age.19

The 2012 survey also asked about the difficulty jurisdictions faced in recruiting adequate numbers of poll 

workers (see Table 40). About 44% of responding jurisdictions reported having a somewhat difficult or very difficult 

time recruiting poll workers, compared with 28.6% that 

reported having a somewhat easy or very easy time. Staffing the nation’s polling places continues to be a challenge 

for many jurisdictions. 

The survey found that there were on average 7.4 poll 

workers assigned to each polling place in the United States 

during the 2012 election (based on those States which 

reported answers to questions regarding the number of 

polling places and number of poll workers). Jurisdictions 

reported an average of 6.6 poll workers per polling place in 

the last general election in 2008. 

Voting Technology

Voting technology remains highly dynamic in the United 

States. With the enactment of HAVA, Congress appropriated 

more than $3.1 billion for EAC to distribute to States to 

make election administration improvements, including 

the purchase of voting systems. 

Voting technology is a difficult topic to measure in the 

Election Administration and Voting Survey because many 

19 EAC has worked to encourage the recruitment of young poll 

workers through its College Poll Worker Grant Program, which 

has awarded grants to colleges and nonprofit organizations to 

work with election offices to recruit, train, and support college 

student poll workers.

18 Fewer jurisdictions reported the number of physical polling 

places than reported the number of precincts.
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 15

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

jurisdictions use multiple systems. For example, a county 

may employ a scanner for absentee ballots but a Direct 

Recording Electronic (DRE) machines for in-person voting. 

Polling places may have more than one type of voting 

system technology in use on Election Day. For this reason, 

the EAVS survey measures the breadth of voting technology 

being used across the country, and the wealth of local-level 

data will be of substantial value to researchers. 

The 2012 survey collected data on almost 320,000 

voting systems. The types of voting technology included 

the following: 

•	 DRE machines with a voter-verified paper audit trail

(VVPAT); 

•	 DRE machines without a VVPAT;

•	 optical or digital scan systems, in which voters fill out a

paper ballot which is then read by a scanner; 

•	 hybrid systems combining a DRE with an optical scanner;

•	 punch card systems;

•	 lever machines;

•	 paper ballots; and

•	 other systems.

The most common single type of voting system was 

an optical or digital scan booth; 23 States reported using 

214,888 such machines. The most widely deployed technology across the States, however, is the optical or digital 

scan counter; 40 States reported using 56,496 of these 

counters in at least some of their jurisdictions. 

Eighteen States reported deploying DREs which 

produce a paper record that can be checked by the voter. 

Voters in Arkansas, Colorado, Nevada, Ohio, and West 

Virginia were among those most likely to vote on such 

machines. Most States use more than one type of voting 

machine, either because of local options or to accommodate voters with special needs. 

Only Idaho reported using punch cards. Fourteen 

States reported using paper ballots in at least some of 

their polling places. Eight States were not able to provide 

the numbers of voting systems used, though some of 

them did provide the types of systems used without corresponding counts.
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 1 6

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

Observations

The discussion above represents an overview of the data 

contained in the 2012 Election Administration and Voting 

Survey. EAC encourages individuals interested in election data to further examine the State-by-State data, and 

the county- (or equivalent) level data, available on EAC’s 

website. As shown by the response rates and increase in 

the number of jurisdictions responding to the 2012 survey, 

data collection and reporting in the United States have 

improved. While users of the data must take into account 

State differences in definitions and data reporting and 

consider the incomplete responses in many categories, the 

survey is a valuable resource of data on Federal elections 

for election administrators, advocates, researchers, and 

the general public.
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 1 7

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

APPENDIX A

Response Rates

Summarized below are the response rates for selected questions in the 2012 Election Administration and Voting 

Survey, with comparisons to 2008 and 2010 response rates where available.20 Coverage varies significantly across the 

questions. Not all questions were applicable to all States.

Comparing Response Rates from 2012, 2010, and 2008 (excluding Wisconsin)

Survey question Responding 

Jurisdictions in 2012 2012 2010 2008

Domestic absentee ballots transmitted 4,520 98.0% 97.2% 95.1%

Domestic absentee ballots cast/counted 4,456 96.6% 91.2% 94.7%

Domestic absentee ballots rejected 4,333 93.9% 94.7% 91.6%

Number of poll workers 4,143 89.8% 75.4% 71.7%

Number of precincts 4,573 99.1% 99.1% 97.9%

Number of polling places 4,301 93.2% 86.5% 95.9%

Provisional ballots submitted 4,111 89.1% 94.6% 82.8%

Provisional ballots rejected 3,471 75.2% 77.6% 70.9%

Number of Jurisdictions Surveyed: 4,613 4,606 4,445

20 Wisconsin’s jurisdictions were excluded from the response rate calculations for all three years reported in the table, as the disproportionately large increase in Wisconsin reporting jurisdictions – from 72 in 2008 and 2010 to 3,541 in 2012 – would skew these results. When 

including them, the response rates are overly affected by Wisconsin because it comprises nearly half of all jurisdictions. In 2012, Wisconsin 

switched from reporting data at the county level to the municipality level.
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 1 8

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

APPENDIX B

Tables and Cross Reference of Survey Questions 

to the Tables
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 1 9

CROSS REFERENCE OF SURVEY QUESTIONS TO TABLES

Section C: Domestic Civilian Absentee Ballots

Question C1: Number of domestic civilian absentee ballots transmitted to voters and the disposition of the ballots 

Table 31. Domestic Absentee Ballots Transmitted: Disposition of Ballots 

Table 32. Domestic Absentee Ballots: Permanent List; Submitted for Counting: Disposition

Question C2: Existence of a permanent absentee voter registration list 

This question was categorical and not coded for tabular display 

Question C3: Number of domestic civilian absentee ballots transmitted to voters due to the existence of a permanent list 

Table 32. Domestic Absentee Ballots: Permanent List; Submitted for Counting: Disposition 

Question C4:Number of domestic civilian absentee ballots submitted for counting and the disposition of the ballots 

Table 32. Domestic Absentee Ballots: Permanent List; Submitted for Counting: Disposition 

Table 33. Domestic Absentee Ballots: Reasons for Rejection, Parts A, B, and C

Question C5: Number of domestic civilian absentee ballots rejected and the reason for rejection 

Table 33. Domestic Absentee Ballots: Reasons for Rejection, Parts A, B, and C

Section D: Election Administration

Question D1: Number of precincts 

Table 41. Number and Type of Precincts/Polling Places 

Table 43. Summary of Selected Factors per Polling Place

Question D2: Number of polling places, types of polling places 

Table 41. Number and Type of Precincts/Polling Places 

Table 44. Summary of Selected Factors per Polling Place

Question D3:Number of poll workers used 

Table 39. Number and Ages of Poll Workers 

Table 43. Summary of Selected Factors per Polling Place 

Question D4: Age category for poll workers 

Table 39. Number and Ages of Poll Workers 

Question D5: Difficulty of obtaining a sufficient number of poll workers 

Table 40. Difficulty of Obtaining Sufficient Poll Workers

Section E: Provisional Ballots

Question E1: Number of voters who submitted provisional ballots 

Table 34. Provisional Ballots Submitted: Disposition of Ballots 

Table 35. Provisional Ballots: Reasons for Rejection, Parts A, B, and C

Table 43. Summary of Selected Factors per Polling Place

Question E2: Number of voters who submitted provisional ballots and disposition of the ballots 

Table 34. Provisional Ballots Submitted: Disposition of Ballots 

Table 35. Provisional Ballots: Reasons for Rejection, Parts A, B, and C

Question E3: Number of provisional ballots rejected and the reason for rejection 

Table 35. Provisional Ballots: Reasons for Rejection, Parts A, B, and C

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 2 0

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

Section F: Election Day Activities

Question F1: Number of people who participated in the November 2012 general election 

Table 28. Ballots Cast by Means of Voting 

Table 29. Turnout Rates for Voter Participation Using Different Bases 

Table 30. Source Used to Determine Voter Participation 

Table 36. Use of Electronic Poll Books/Lists at the Polling Place 

Table 37. Source of Poll Books Used at the Polling Place 

Table 38. First-Time Mail Registrants; Use of Printed Registration Lists at the Polling Place 

Table 40. Difficulty of Obtaining Sufficient Poll Workers 

Table 43. Summary of Selected Factors per Polling Place 

Question F2: Source of the number of persons participating 

Table 30. Source Used to Determine Voter Participation 

Question F3:First-time mail registrants who were required to provide identification to vote 

Table 38. First-Time Mail Registrants; Use of Printed Registration Lists at the Polling Place

Question F4: Uses of electronic poll books or electronic lists of voters at the polling place 

Table 36. Use of Electronic Poll Books/Lists at the Polling Place 

Question F5: Existence of printed lists of registered voters at the polls 

Table 38. First-Time Mail Registrants; Use of Printed Registration Lists at the Polling Place 

Question F6: Source of poll books used at the polling place Table 38. Source of Poll Books Used at the Polling Place 

Question F7: Information on the number and type of voting equipment used 

Table 42. Number and Type of Voting Equipment 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 2 1

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FOOTNOTES TO TABLES

General Notes:

State:In the interest of consistency in these tables, the term State includes the District of Columbia and the four territories of American 

Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.

Jurisdictions in the Survey: For the 2012 survey, information was requested for each local election administration jurisdiction. Generally this would be the county or county equivalent in each State. The following exceptions may apply.

a) The information was compiled by town, city, or township in Wisconsin and the six New England States of Connecticut, 

Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. 

b) Some independent cities were treated as counties for reporting purposes in the States of Illinois, Maryland, Missouri, 

Nevada, and Virginia. 

c) The response was one record for the whole entity for Alaska, the District of Columbia, and the reporting territories.

d) In Hawaii, information for one county, Kalawao, was reported with Maui County.

Exceptions are noted by an asterisk below the State name in Table 1a in “The Impact of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 on the 

Administration of Elections for Federal Office 2011-2012.”

Table 6 in “The Impact of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 on the Administration of Elections for Federal Office 2011-2012” 

contains more information on the coverage and reporting for each State.

Missing Data: Information for several items remains unavailable for some States for a number of reasons. Missing data are presented in 

the tables by a blank data cell, a “-999999” value, or a zero value depending on how the State answered the question. A “-999999” value 

denotes that a State specifically responded that data was not available for the question under consideration. Note that a zero value may 

also indicate that the jurisdiction does not know or does not collect the information. The count of cases, included in most tables but not 

for all variables, reflects the presence of a response from the jurisdiction including reported zeros. For many questions, zero is a valid 

response. In some instances, however, it is unclear if a response of zero is a valid response or an indication of “Data Not Available” or 

“Data Not Applicable” options. Researchers should consult the jurisdiction-level dataset for more detail. If a calculation is impossible 

because of missing information, a separate symbol may be indicated, e.g., a series of periods (......).

Sum of Above: The information listed in the tables below the State detail is, for most columns, simply the arithmetic sum of the information listed in the table. The number of States providing information is indicated as the count of States with information greater than, or 

in some cases, less than, zero. The percentages indicated on this line are generally the result of a simple division based upon the appropriate numbers from this line. For the Not Categorized columns, the number and percentage in the “Sum of Above” line will generally 

reflect a calculation of the appropriate fields listed on this line.

Specific Notes for Tables:

Notes that are specific to each table appear following each table or group of sub-tables. These notes summarize the comments that 

States included when completing the survey and are occasionally direct quotes of States’ comments. The notes also occasionally include 

explanations of decisions made in reporting States’ data.
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 2 2

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

Tables Included

Table 28. Ballots Cast by Means of Voting . 

Table 29. Turnout Rates for Voter Participation Using Different Bases . .

Table 30. Source Used to Determine Voter Participation . 

Table 31. Domestic Absentee Ballots Transmitted: Disposition of Ballots . 

Table 32. Domestic Absentee Ballots: Permanent List; Submitted for Counting: Disposition . 

Table 33a. Domestic Absentee Ballots: Reasons for Rejection, Part A . 

Table 33b. Domestic Absentee Ballots: Reasons for Rejection, Part B . 

Table 33c. Domestic Absentee Ballots: Reasons for Rejection, Part C . .

Table 34. Provisional Ballots Submitted: Disposition of Ballots . .

Table 35a. Provisional Ballots: Reasons for Rejection, Part A . .

Table 35b. Provisional Ballots: Reasons for Rejection, Part B . .

Table 36. Use of Electronic Poll Books/Lists at the Polling Place . .

Table 37. Source of Poll Books Used at the Polling Place . .

Table 38. First-Time Mail Registrants; Use of Printed Registration Lists at the Polling Place . .

Table 39. Number and Ages of Poll Workers . .

Table 40. Difficulty of Obtaining Sufficient Poll Workers . 

Table 41. Number and Type of Precincts/Polling Places . .

Table 42. Number and Type of Voting Equipment . .

Table 43. Summary of Selected Factors per Polling Place . 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 2 3

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TABLE 28. BALLOTS CAST BY MEANS OF VOTING

State

Election 

Jurisdiction

in Survey

Total of 

Voters 

Participating

Cases

In-Person Voting

At the Polls Early Voting Provisional

Total Cases Percent Total Cases Percent Total Cases Percent

Alabama 2,083,309 67 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 

Alaska 302,465 1 203,496 1 67.3 45,600 1 15.1 18,255 1 6.0 6.2 

Arizona 2,323,579 15 633,660 15 27.3 0 1 0.0 150,231 15 6.5 4.6 

Arkansas 1,080,809 75 565,716 75 52.3 477,120 75 44.1 2,153 73 0.2 0.1 

California 13,096,097 57 5,460,518 56 41.7 48,604 24 0.4 968,077 56 7.4 5.0 

Colorado 2,594,628 64 421,980 64 16.3 250,797 64 9.7 52,977 64 2.0 1.9 

Connecticut 1,560,640 169 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 

Delaware 417,631 3 396,408 3 94.9 0 3 0.0 437 3 0.1 0.0 

District of Columbia 294,254 1 191,166 1 65.0 52,998 1 18.0 38,636 1 13.1 4.6 

Florida 8,557,692 67 3,736,946 67 43.7 2,409,097 67 28.2 31,368 66 0.4 0.4 

Georgia 3,910,557 159 1,979,776 159 50.6 0 0.0 10,545 159 0.3 1.3 

Hawaii 436,774 4 236,586 4 54.2 40,291 4 9.2 643 3 0.1 0.0 

Idaho 666,290 44 496,546 44 74.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 

Illinois 5,339,488 110 4,021,805 110 75.3 1,185,748 110 22.2 43,772 110 0.8 0.7 

Indiana 2,663,373 92 2,073,074 92 77.8 0 92 0.0 4,801 66 0.2 0.1 

Iowa 1,589,951 99 896,757 99 56.4 0 0.0 4,996 99 0.3 0.3 

Kansas 1,115,281 105 784,825 105 70.4 188,717 105 16.9 38,865 105 3.5 0.0 

Kentucky 1,815,896 120 1,710,486 120 94.2 67,773 120 3.7 50 120 0.0 0.0 

Louisiana 2,014,511 64 1,650,912 64 82.0 315,029 64 15.6 1,321 64 0.1 0.1 

Maine 724,759 500 536,635 500 74.0 0 0.0 290 500 0.0 0.0 

Maryland 2,734,189 24 2,068,656 24 75.7 430,546 24 15.7 79,876 24 2.9 1.9 

Massachusetts 3,184,196 351 2,913,489 351 91.5 0 0.0 3,288 351 0.1 0.0 

Michigan 4,780,701 83 3,505,208 83 73.3 0 0.0 2,675 83 0.1 0.1 

Minnesota 2,950,780 87 2,640,446 87 89.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 

Mississippi 889,914 58 708,020 50 79.6 1,051 19 0.1 10,260 43 1.2 1.2 

Missouri 2,840,776 116 2,567,998 116 90.4 0 0.0 6,308 115 0.2 0.1 

Montana 491,966 56 198,775 56 40.4 0 0.0 5,562 56 1.1 0.8 

Nebraska 815,568 93 595,284 93 73.0 0 0.0 15,130 93 1.9 0.0 

Nevada 1,017,772 17 305,122 17 30.0 619,253 17 60.8 3,468 17 0.3 0.3 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 2 4

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 28. BALLOTS CAST BY MEANS OF VOTING (CONTINUED)

State

Election 

Jurisdiction

in Survey

Total of 

Voters 

Participating

Cases

In-Person Voting

At the Polls Early Voting Provisional

Total Cases Percent Total Cases Percent Total Cases Percent

New Hampshire 718,700 320 654,450 320 91.1 0 320 0.0 0 320 0.0 0.0 

New Jersey 3,677,463 21 3,047,584 21 82.9 0 0.0 94,721 21 2.6 1.8 

New Mexico 679,080 26 225,870 23 33.3 283,649 23 41.8 3,082 24 0.5 0.6 

New York 7,128,852 62 4,342,214 57 60.9 0 0.0 129,835 57 1.8 2.2 

North Carolina 4,539,729 100 1,743,642 100 38.4 2,557,256 100 56.3 18,041 100 0.4 0.6 

North Dakota 326,239 53 230,890 53 70.8 0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 

Ohio 5,632,423 88 3,547,582 88 63.0 600,647 88 10.7 208,087 88 3.7 3.0 

Oklahoma 1,343,380 77 1,163,957 77 86.6 112,718 77 8.4 1,724 77 0.1 0.2 

Oregon 1,820,507 36 0 0.0 0 0.0 1,771 36 0.1 0.2 

Pennsylvania 5,783,621 67 5,488,684 67 94.9 190 67 0.0 48,711 67 0.8 0.2 

Rhode Island 451,593 39 423,691 39 93.8 0 0.0 2,357 39 0.5 0.2 

South Carolina 1,981,516 46 1,525,284 46 77.0 264,754 46 13.4 5,473 46 0.3 0.0 

South Dakota 368,816 66 209,102 58 56.7 15,139 58 4.1 199 58 0.1 0.0 

Tennessee 2,480,182 95 1,006,868 95 40.6 1,403,486 95 56.6 1,758 95 0.1 0.0 

Texas 7,993,851 254 5,606 234 0.1 860 234 0.0 50,787 254 0.6 1.2 

Utah 1,023,036 29 573,149 29 56.0 244,130 29 23.9 43,036 29 4.2 3.7 

Vermont 304,509 245 219,399 238 72.1 10,853 163 3.6 18 176 0.0 0.0 

Virginia 3,896,846 134 3,431,110 134 88.0 0 0.0 12,831 134 0.3 0.1 

Washington 3,206,490 39 11,828 39 0.4 0 0.0 6,832 39 0.2 1.3 

West Virginia 685,099 55 521,311 55 76.1 150,666 55 22.0 3,152 40 0.5 0.6 

Wisconsin 3,078,135 3,541 2,413,557 3,541 78.4 0 0.0 44 3,541 0.0 0.0 

Wyoming 250,701 23 183,413 23 73.2 0 0.0 13 6 0.0 0.0 

American Samoa 13,167 1 11,903 1 90.4 1,062 1 8.1 0 1 0.0 0.0 

Guam 34,075 1 32,492 1 95.4 1,012 1 3.0 144 1 0.4 0.3 

Puerto Rico 1,878,969 1 1,829,762 1 97.4 15,266 1 0.8 12,715 1 0.7 0.5 

Virgin Islands 0.6 

Sum of Above 131,590,825 8,120 74,343,638 7,796 56.5 11,794,312 2,149 9.0 2,139,315 7,537 1.6 1.3 

States Included 51 29 47 

Question F1a F1b F1f F1e
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 2 5

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TABLE 28. BALLOTS CAST BY MEANS OF VOTING (CONTINUED)

State

Election 

Juris.

in Survey

Absentee Voting Mail Voting Other Means Not Categorized

Dom. Civilian Absentee UOCAVA Vote by Mail Jurisdicition Other Means of Voting Balance

Total Cases Percent Total Cases Percent Total Cases Percent Total Cases Percent Total Percent

Alabama 67 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 2,083,309 100.0 

Alaska 1 25,486 1 8.4 9,628 1 3.2 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Arizona 15 1,530,416 15 65.9 9,135 15 0.4 0 3 0.0 137 1 0.0 0 0.0 

Arkansas 75 30,144 74 2.8 3,616 74 0.3 1,904 10 0.2 156 3 0.0 0 0.0 

California 58 5,214,992 51 39.8 74,521 51 0.6 1,329,984 48 10.2 18,409 9 0.1 (19,008) (0.1)

Colorado 64 1,851,529 64 71.4 17,345 64 0.7 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Connecticut 169 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 1,560,640 100.0 

Delaware 3 19,492 3 4.7 1,294 3 0.3 0 3 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

District of Columbia 1 9,090 1 3.1 2,364 1 0.8 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 0.0 

Florida 67 2,292,822 67 26.8 87,293 67 1.0 0 1 0.0 102 8 0.0 64 0.0 

Georgia 159 1,906,886 159 48.8 13,356 159 0.3 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 (6) (0.0)

Hawaii 4 157,236 4 36.0 2,018 4 0.5 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Idaho 44 162,156 44 24.3 2,182 44 0.3 2,406 44 0.4 0 0 0.0 3,000 0.5 

Illinois 110 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 47,254 110 0.9 40,909 0.8 

Indiana 92 506,516 92 19.0 5,468 92 0.2 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 73,514 2.8 

Iowa 99 684,690 99 43.1 3,508 99 0.2 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Kansas 105 138,366 104 12.4 3,365 105 0.3 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 (38,857) (3.5)

Kentucky 120 33,690 120 1.9 3,897 120 0.2 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Louisiana 64 42,640 64 2.1 4,609 64 0.2 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Maine 500 184,763 500 25.5 3,071 500 0.4 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Maryland 24 140,650 24 5.1 14,461 24 0.5 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Massachusetts 351 259,114 351 8.1 8,305 351 0.3 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Michigan 83 1,259,902 83 26.4 12,916 83 0.3 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Minnesota 87 255,141 87 8.6 10,506 87 0.4 44,687 87 1.5 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Mississippi 82 58,417 47 6.6 4,568 51 0.5 264 11 0.0 10,736 4 1.2 96,598 10.9 

Missouri 116 256,598 116 9.0 9,872 116 0.3 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Montana 56 283,097 56 57.5 4,532 56 0.9 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Nebraska 93 206,956 93 25.4 1,267 93 0.2 8,347 10 1.0 118 93 0.0 (11,534) (1.4)

Nevada 17 78,528 17 7.7 5,937 17 0.6 5,443 17 0.5 21 17 0.0 0 0.0 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 2 6

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TABLE 28. BALLOTS CAST BY MEANS OF VOTING (CONTINUED)

State

Election 

Juris.

in Survey

Absentee Voting Mail Voting Other Means Not Categorized

Dom. Civilian Absentee UOCAVA Vote by Mail Jurisdicition Other Means of Voting Balance

Total Cases Percent Total Cases Percent Total Cases Percent Total Cases Percent Total Percent

New Hampshire 320 60,846 320 8.5 3,404 320 0.5 0 320 0.0 0 320 0.0 0 0.0 

New Jersey 21 284,103 21 7.7 10,827 21 0.3 0 0.0 240,228 21 6.5 0 0.0 

New Mexico 33 52,726 17 7.8 3,117 19 0.5 7,825 17 1.2 949 5 0.1 101,862 15.0 

New York 62 326,189 57 4.6 39,214 62 0.6 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 2,291,400 32.1 

North Carolina 100 205,072 100 4.5 15,718 100 0.3 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

North Dakota 53 94,024 53 28.8 1,325 53 0.4 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Ohio 88 1,259,904 88 22.4 15,698 88 0.3 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 505 0.0 

Oklahoma 77 59,523 77 4.4 5,458 77 0.4 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Oregon 36 12,908 36 0.7 11,749 36 0.6 1,794,079 36 98.5 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Pennsylvania 67 241,656 67 4.2 18,018 67 0.3 0 67 0.0 0 0 0.0 (13,638) (0.2)

Rhode Island 39 24,387 39 5.4 1,158 39 0.3 0 0.0 0 39 0.0 0 0.0 

South Carolina 46 100,473 46 5.1 6,728 46 0.3 100,473 46 5.1 0 0 0.0 (21,669) (1.1)

South Dakota 66 32,814 58 8.9 1,701 58 0.5 1,506 58 0.4 3,708 66 1.0 104,647 28.4 

Tennessee 95 55,365 95 2.2 12,605 95 0.5 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 100 0.0 

Texas 254 237,365 230 3.0 40,579 233 0.5 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 7,658,654 95.8 

Utah 29 0 0.0 3,555 29 0.3 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 159,166 15.6 

Vermont 246 62,076 224 20.4 1,914 222 0.6 4,347 142 1.4 2,762 25 0.9 3,140 1.0 

Virginia 134 423,481 134 10.9 29,424 134 0.8 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Washington 39 0 0.0 47,521 39 1.5 3,140,309 39 97.9 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

West Virginia 55 5,289 54 0.8 1,681 55 0.2 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 3,000 0.4 

Wisconsin 3,541 658,240 3,541 21.4 6,294 3,541 0.2 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Wyoming 23 65,742 23 26.2 1,533 23 0.6 0 0.0 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

American Samoa 1 86 1 0.7 116 1 0.9 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 0.0 

Guam 1 96 1 0.3 93 1 0.3 0 1 0.0 238 1 0.7 0 0.0 

Puerto Rico 1 2,080 1 0.1 1,584 1 0.1 17,562 1 0.9 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 21,853,762 7,619 16.6 600,048 7,701 0.5 6,459,136 963 4.9 324,818 724 0.2 14,075,796 10.7 

States Included 49 51 14 13 22 

Question F1d F1c F1g F1h+i+j calc
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 2 7

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TABLE 28. BALLOTS CAST BY MEANS OF VOTING 

General note: The Balance/Not Categorized column on the table compares the sum of all the categorical responses with the total indicated. 

If the balance is a positive number the difference is treated as uncategorized responses. If the balance is a negative number (indicated by the 

parentheses) the difference indicates the sum of the responses is greater than the total indicated; this could occur by an error in data entry or 

by the inability to correctly categorize some responses, resulting in some over-counting.

Question F1:

Arkansas: One jurisdiction noted “F1b. Provisional.” Another jurisdiction noted that two provisional ballots were counted and vote history was credited

Arizona: One jurisdiction stated that for F1f (Voted at an early vote center), this total is included in the totals noted in F1d and C1b since 

each is still considered an “Early Ballot” cast. The breakdown of the number of voters who cast an early ballot in-person at an early 

voting site is 12,527 but again, is still considered as voters who “voted using a domestic civilian early (absentee) ballot”. Rejected provisional ballots are NOT included in F1a and F1e totals since they are not used to credit the person’s vote history. Rejected Provisional 

Ballots are considered invalid and/or the individual is not registered so no record exists and therefore no history can be updated. Of the 

122,524 provisional ballots cast, 99,684 provisional ballots were deemed valid and counted as reflected in F1e.

California: One jurisdiction commented, “F1g(3,116) + F1d(3,799) = C1b(6,915) and F1e-counted Provisional ballots and the remaining 7 Provisional ballots were not registered voters(E1d). A second jurisdiction noted that F1d differs from C1b because C1b includes 

rejected domestic absentees; F1d does not include rejected as rejected ballots do not count in vote history. Another jurisdiction noted 

that F1c, F1d, and F1g equal C1b. A fourth jurisdiction commented that the total is not actually greater than F1a. One jurisdiction stated 

in reference to F1f that it does not have early voting centers, and also that F1d includes ballots cast and duplicated from DRE equipment. 

Another jurisdiction stated its F1g totals are included in F1d and it removed 19 deceased voters from C1b. A different jurisdiction also 

noted that F1f is included in F1d as these voters are given vote by mail ballots. One jurisdiction stated, “F1f - 800 ballots were issued from 

our office ‘over-the-counter’ then returned to our office. These 800 are already accounted for in F1d.” Another jurisdiction stated that 

early voting is included in vote by mail or absentee.

Florida: One jurisdiction commented, “(1) Since there was no break-out section for domestic military, we added that number in with 

the domestic civilian absentee ballot. (2) One of the provisional ballots was not registered to vote, therefore no voter history could be 

credited. We excluded that number from F1e.” A second jurisdiction stated that F1f is Early Voting Turnout (D2e is referencing Early 

Voting locations). A third jurisdiction noted that out of the 16 rejected of provisional ballots, all but 2 received voter history (see E2 and 

F1h). Another jurisdiction commented, “Total voters that voted by absentee, early, provisional and election day also including referred 

ballots.” A fifth jurisdiction noted that provisional ballots were included in F1a. Another jurisdiction stated that provisional ballot voters 

that are rejected are not given credit for voting, but E1 asks for total who voted using a provisional ballot. This jurisdiction is unable to 

account for the 38 vote difference between the two totals after reviewing all reports submitted by vendor.

Guam: In reference to F1h, homebound voting is servicing those who are elderly/physically challenged and are not able to go to the 

polls.

Indiana: Indiana does not have ‘early voting.’ Indiana allows voters to cast absentee ballots prior to election day, but all absentee ballots are counted on election day. That is why F1f = 0 for all counties.

Mississippi: One jurisdiction commented that the number in F1d includes in-office absentee votes and mail-in. Another jurisdiction 

stated that these figures are per report election results 11/6/2012. A third jurisdiction stated that its courthouse burned on 1/17/2013.

New Hampshire: Per EAC Instructions Absentee Ballot Totals include rejected ballots whereas F1a and F1b do not.

New Mexico: One jurisdiction commented “Ballot Issue Report/How voters voted statistics.”

Ohio: One jurisdiction stated Ohio has absentee voting beginning 35 days before an election for non-UOCAVA voters, and also noted 

that it does not have early voting.

Puerto Rico: Under the new Puerto Rico Election Code, people with mobility disabilities have a right to vote by mail, as a domicile vote/

early vote.

South Carolina: Totals come from separate sources and cannot always be reconciled. For example an absentee ballot that was challenged could be represented under “absentee and provisional”.

Vermont: One jurisdiction commented, “F1f. In total for domestic civilian absentee ballot.” Another jurisdiction stated that voter at 

early voting center includes mail returns of votes. A third jurisdiction stated these breakdowns were not done. A fourth jurisdiction 

commented, “An elderly gentleman voted absentee and at the polling place. The elderly poll worker did not catch the unintentional 

double voting. The Town Clerk caught the mistake too late.” Another jurisdiction stated that it does not separate ballots received in the 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 2 8

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

mail and voted at office. A sixth jurisdiction stated that F1c plus F1d breaks down to 92 in early voting center and 133 by mail. Another 

jurisdiction commented, “See the Absentee Ballot Portal data for Woodstock.”

Washington: Physical poll place voters may have voted during early voting.

West Virginia: Unlike the totals for F1a, F1b, and F1f, which are determined by ballots counted, totals for F1c, F1d, and F1e are determined by voter history as entered into the Statewide Voter Registration

Wyoming: F1a can be greater than the number of registered voters prior to the day of the election. Since Wyoming has Election Day 

Registration, votes are being cast for registrations that do not appear in the A1 total because they are processed after the election.
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TABLE 29. TURNOUT RATES FOR VOTER PARTICIPATION USING DIFFERENT BASES

State

Election 

Juris.

in Survey

Voters 

Participating Estimated Voting Age Estimated Citizen Voting Age Reported Registration

Total Cases Total %TO Rank Total %TO Rank Total %TO Rank

Alabama 67 2,083,309 67 3,697,617 56.3 26 3,595,400 57.9 33 3,162,135 65.9 32

Alaska 1 302,465 1 544,349 55.6 30 519,629 58.2 31 579,304 52.2 50

Arizona 15 2,323,579 15 4,932,361 47.1 43 4,376,217 53.1 43 3,725,362 62.4 39

Arkansas 75 1,080,809 75 2,238,250 48.3 42 2,159,446 50.1 45 1,610,364 67.1 29

California 58 13,096,097 57 28,801,211 45.5 47 23,546,880 55.6 39 18,996,338 68.9 22

Colorado 64 2,594,628 64 3,956,224 65.6 6 3,654,799 71.0 3 3,651,091 71.1 15

Connecticut 169 1,560,640 169 2,796,789 55.8 29 2,565,067 60.8 24 2,202,278 70.9 16

Delaware 3 417,631 3 712,042 58.7 19 672,175 62.1 19 632,805 66.0 31

District of Columbia 1 294,254 1 522,843 56.3 27 473,487 62.1 18 557,774 52.8 49

Florida 67 8,557,692 67 15,315,088 55.9 28 13,534,127 63.2 16 11,934,446 71.7 13

Georgia 159 3,910,557 159 7,429,820 52.6 37 6,867,525 56.9 34 6,050,050 64.6 34

Hawaii 4 436,774 4 1,089,302 40.1 50 993,045 44.0 50 705,668 61.9 41

Idaho 44 666,290 44 1,169,075 57.0 24 1,114,631 59.8 26 895,834 74.4 8

Illinois 110 5,339,488 110 9,811,190 54.4 31 8,916,661 59.9 25 8,116,660 65.8 33

Indiana 92 2,663,373 92 4,945,857 53.9 35 4,780,336 55.7 38 4,562,268 58.4 46

Iowa 99 1,589,951 99 2,351,233 67.6 5 2,280,022 69.7 5 2,236,068 71.1 14

Kansas 105 1,115,281 105 2,161,601 51.6 39 2,053,815 54.3 41 1,771,252 63.0 38

Kentucky 120 1,815,896 120 3,362,177 54.0 34 3,283,865 55.3 40 3,037,153 59.8 44

Louisiana 64 2,014,511 64 3,484,090 57.8 22 3,396,443 59.3 29 2,965,751 67.9 25

Maine 500 724,759 500 1,063,274 68.2 4 1,046,057 69.3 6 1,026,086 70.6 17

Maryland 24 2,734,189 24 4,540,763 60.2 16 4,153,057 65.8 9 3,694,658 74.0 9

Massachusetts 351 3,184,196 351 5,244,729 60.7 13 4,784,241 66.6 7 4,340,000 73.4 10

Michigan 83 4,780,701 83 7,616,490 62.8 9 7,347,850 65.1 11 7,454,553 64.1 35

Minnesota 87 2,950,780 87 4,102,991 71.9 1 3,920,519 75.3 1 3,387,783 87.1 2

Mississippi 82 889,914 58 2,239,593 39.7 51 2,200,437 40.4 51 1,399,209 63.6 36

Missouri 116 2,840,776 116 4,618,513 61.5 11 4,505,205 63.1 17 4,191,778 67.8 28

Montana 56 491,966 56 783,161 62.8 8 774,966 63.5 15 681,608 72.2 11

Nebraska 93 815,568 93 1,392,120 58.6 21 1,329,041 61.4 21 1,163,871 70.1 20

Nevada 17 1,017,772 17 2,095,348 48.6 41 1,804,094 56.4 36 1,258,409 80.9 6
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TABLE 29. TURNOUT RATES FOR VOTER PARTICIPATION USING DIFFERENT BASES (CONTINUED)

State

Election 

Juris.

in Survey

Voters 

Participating Estimated Voting Age Estimated Citizen Voting Age Reported Registration

Total Cases Total %TO Rank Total %TO Rank Total %TO Rank

New Hampshire 320 718,700 320 1,045,878 68.7 3 1,014,537 70.8 4 878,136 81.8 5

New Jersey 21 3,677,463 21 6,838,206 53.8 36 6,012,270 61.2 22 5,415,639 67.9 26

New Mexico 33 679,080 26 1,571,096 43.2 48 1,448,740 46.9 49 1,252,438 54.2 48

New York 62 7,128,852 62 15,307,107 46.6 45 13,408,596 53.2 42 11,720,541 60.8 43

North Carolina 100 4,539,729 100 7,465,545 60.8 12 7,013,407 64.7 13 6,655,291 68.2 24

North Dakota 53 326,239 53 545,020 59.9 18 536,097 60.9 23 545,020* 59.9 51

Ohio 88 5,632,423 88 8,880,551 63.4 7 8,678,945 64.9 12 7,987,697 70.5 18

Oklahoma 77 1,343,380 77 2,877,457 46.7 44 2,757,440 48.7 46 2,114,489 63.5 37

Oregon 36 1,820,507 36 3,038,729 59.9 17 2,822,652 64.5 14 2,199,360 82.8 3

Pennsylvania 67 5,783,621 67 10,024,150 57.7 23 9,700,796 59.6 27 8,352,342 69.2 21

Rhode Island 39 451,593 39 833,818 54.2 33 768,684 58.7 30 725,309 62.3 40

South Carolina 46 1,981,516 46 3,643,633 54.4 32 3,506,606 56.5 35 2,875,121 68.9 23

South Dakota 66 368,816 66 629,185 58.6 20 619,251 59.6 28 523,410 70.5 19

Tennessee 95 2,480,182 95 4,962,227 50.0 40 4,790,345 51.8 44 4,024,960 61.6 42

Texas 254 7,993,851 254 19,073,564 41.9 49 16,518,813 48.4 47 13,690,729 58.4 45

Utah 29 1,023,036 29 1,967,315 52.0 38 1,829,834 55.9 37 1,508,372 67.8 27

Vermont 246 304,509 245 502,060 60.7 14 491,789 61.9 20 460,817 66.1 30

Virginia 134 3,896,846 134 6,329,130 61.6 10 5,883,341 66.2 8 5,428,091 71.8 12

Washington 39 3,206,490 39 5,312,045 60.4 15 4,879,174 65.7 10 3,904,959 82.1 4

West Virginia 55 685,099 55 1,471,372 46.6 46 1,460,372 46.9 48 1,246,559 55.0 47

Wisconsin 3,541 3,078,135 3,541 4,408,841 69.8 2 4,271,926 72.1 2 3,987,248 77.2 7

Wyoming 23 250,701 23 440,922 56.9 25 430,996 58.2 32 240,438 104.3 1

American Samoa 1 13,167 1 17,764 74.1 ...

Guam 1 34,075 1 50,701 67.2 ...

Puerto Rico 1 1,878,969 1 2,817,721 66.7 ... 2,756,939 68.2 ... 2,402,941 78.2 ...

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 131,590,825 8,120 243,003,673 n/a 222,250,587 n/a 193,653,908 n/a

States Included 54 52 52 53 

Question F1 Pop.Est. ACS A1
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TABLE 29. TURNOUT RATES FOR VOTER PARTICIPATION USING DIFFERENT BASES 

Question F1. Calculations for rates of voter participation (turnout) based upon voting age population, 

citizens of voting age, and registration. 

General note: This table represents a comparison of the rates of participation based upon the number of voters participating (F1a) by 

cal¬culating the rate based upon selected bases. The estimates of voting age and citizen voting age were not available for the four territories; 

the four territories are therefore not ranked for any of the measures of voter participation to facilitate comparisons across the measures. 

Reported registration is, with a few exceptions, information also taken from the 2012 Election Administration and Voting Survey (see 

Tables 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d of the NVRA Report Appendix). States will vary in whether inactive voters are included in their registration figures.

The Estimated Voting Age (VAP) and the Citizens of Voting Age (CVAP) figures are released by the Bureau of the Census. The VAP numbers are from the 2010 Census (with the estimated change in population between 2010 and 2012 taken into account). The CVAP numbers 

are derived from the 2011 3-year Bureau of the Census American Community Survey. All the information used here and released by 

the Bureau of the Census share some data issues: a) they are estimates initially based upon the 2010 Census and an ongoing review of 

administrative records or, in the case of the ACS, an ongoing survey; b) the estimates are for the domestic/resident population; thus, 

UOCAVA voters are not included in the relevant universe of the voting population; and c) these population bases do not address the 

statutory eligibility of any person to register or to vote. 

Thirty-three jurisdictions across four States (California, Mississippi, New Mexico, and Vermont) did not provide voter turnout. Voter 

turnout was provided for the large majority of jurisdictions in each State, thus all States are included in the rankings. The reader should 

be cognizant of the impact this missing information has on the rankings, the calculation of turnout percentages, and the overall 

national values. 
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TABLE 30. SOURCE USED TO DETERMINE VOTER PARTICIPATION

State

Election 

Juris. in 

Survey

Total of 

Voters 

Participating

Cases

Voters Checked Off or Poll 

Book Signatures Ballots Counted Vote History Votes for Highest Office Other or None Indicated (See Comments)

Not Categorized

Balance

(See Notes)

Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

Alabama 67 2,083,309 67 0 ... 2,023,918 65 97.1 0 ... 59,391 2 2.9 0 ... 0 0.0 

Alaska 1 302,465 1 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 302,465 1 100.0 0 0.0 

Arizona 15 2,323,579 15 0 ... 1,895,333 13 81.6 0 ... 0 ... 428,246 2 18.4 0 0.0 

Arkansas 75 1,080,809 75 233,965 22 21.6 774,439 44 71.7 53,707 6 5.0 0 ... 18,698 3 1.7 0 0.0 

California 58 13,096,097 57 1,143,863 5 8.7 4,705,319 26 35.9 6,860,818 20 52.4 39,535 1 0.3 346,562 5 2.6 0 0.0 

Colorado 64 2,594,628 64 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 2,594,628 64 100.0 0 0.0 

Connecticut 169 1,560,640 169 1,560,640 169 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Delaware 3 417,631 3 0 ... 417,631 3 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

District of Columbia 1 294,254 1 0 ... 294,254 1 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Florida 67 8,557,692 67 2,990,510 27 34.9 3,466,761 21 40.5 864,847 11 10.1 537,235 4 6.3 698,339 4 8.2 0 0.0 

Georgia 159 3,910,557 159 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 3,910,557 159 100.0 0 0.0 

Hawaii 4 436,774 4 0 ... 372,871 3 85.4 63,903 1 14.6 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Idaho 44 666,290 44 0 ... 666,290 44 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Illinois 1 5,339,488 110 0 ... 5,293,802 109 99.1 45,686 1 0.9 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Indiana 92 2,663,373 92 2,663,373 92 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Iowa 99 1,589,951 99 0 ... 1,589,951 99 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Kansas 105 1,115,281 105 1,115,281 105 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Kentucky 120 1,815,896 120 0 ... 1,815,896 120 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Louisiana 64 2,014,511 64 0 ... 0 ... 2,014,511 64 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Maine 499 724,759 500 0 ... 724,759 500 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Maryland 24 2,734,189 24 0 ... 0 ... 2,734,189 24 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Massachusetts 351 3,184,196 351 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 3,184,196 351 100.0 0 0.0 

Michigan 83 4,780,701 83 4,780,701 83 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Minnesota 87 2,950,780 87 2,950,780 87 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Mississippi 82 889,914 58 220,394 16 24.8 370,660 18 41.7 212,065 18 23.8 10,631 3 1.2 76,164 3 8.6 0 0.0 

Missouri 116 2,840,776 116 227,227 29 8.0 2,298,050 75 80.9 39,873 4 1.4 3,970 1 0.1 271,656 7 9.6 0 0.0 

Montana 56 491,966 56 0 ... 491,966 56 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Nebraska 93 815,568 93 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 815,568 93 100.0 0 0.0 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 3 3

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TABLE 30. SOURCE USED TO DETERMINE VOTER PARTICIPATION (CONTINUED)

State

Election 

Juris. in 

Survey

Total of 

Voters 

Participating

Cases

Voters Checked Off or Poll 

Book Signatures Ballots Counted Vote History Votes for Highest Office Other or None Indicated (See Comments)

Not Categorized

Balance

(See Notes)

Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

Nevada 17 1,017,772 17 2,156 1 0.2 983,151 9 96.6 4,198 2 0.4 0 ... 28,267 5 2.8 0 0.0 

New Hampshire 320 718,700 320 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 718,700 320 100.0 0 0.0 

New Jersey 21 3,677,463 21 0 ... 0 ... 3,677,463 21 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

New Mexico 33 679,080 26 334,381 6 49.2 117,291 5 17.3 83,347 4 12.3 0 ... 142,097 10 20.9 1,964 0.3 

New York 62 7,128,852 62 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 7,128,852 62 100.0 0 ... 0 0.0 

North Carolina 100 4,539,729 100 0 ... 0 ... 4,539,729 100 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

North Dakota 53 326,239 53 0 ... 326,239 53 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Ohio 88 5,632,423 88 588,462 14 10.4 3,252,435 52 57.7 1,076,928 13 19.1 443,295 8 7.9 271,303 1 4.8 0 0.0 

Oklahoma 77 1,343,380 77 0 ... 1,343,380 77 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Oregon 36 1,820,507 36 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1,820,507 36 100.0 0 0.0 

Pennsylvania 67 5,783,621 67 0 ... 0 ... 5,783,621 67 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Rhode Island 39 451,593 39 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 451,593 39 100.0 0 0.0 

South Carolina 46 1,981,516 46 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1,981,516 46 100.0 0 0.0 

South Dakota 66 368,816 66 44,974 21 12.2 294,357 36 79.8 27,463 8 7.4 0 ... 2,022 1 0.5 0 0.0 

Tennessee 95 2,480,182 95 396,192 23 16.0 344,497 7 13.9 1,739,493 65 70.1 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Texas 254 7,993,851 254 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 7,993,851 254 100.0 0 ... 0 0.0 

Utah 29 1,023,036 29 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1,023,036 29 100.0 0 0.0 

Vermont 246 304,509 245 211,133 193 69.3 79,107 42 26.0 10,642 4 3.5 0 ... 3,627 6 1.2 0 0.0 

Virginia 134 3,896,846 134 0 ... 0 ... 3,896,846 134 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Washington 39 3,206,490 39 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 3,206,490 39 100.0 0 0.0 

West Virginia 55 685,099 55 0 ... 685,099 55 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Wisconsin 3,541 3,078,135 3,541 3,078,135 3,541 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Wyoming 23 250,701 23 0 ... 250,701 23 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

American Samoa 1 13,167 1 0 ... 13,167 1 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Guam 1 34,075 1 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 34,075 1 100.0 0 ... 0 0.0 

Puerto Rico 1 1,878,969 1 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1,878,969 1 100.0 0 ... 0 0.0 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 131,590,825 8,120 22,542,167 4,434 17.1 34,891,324 1,557 26.5 33,729,329 567 25.6 18,129,804 337 13.8 22,296,237 1,224 16.9 1,964 0.0 

States Included 17 27 19 10 22 1 

Question F1a F2.1 F2.2 F2.3 F2.4 F2.5+0 calc
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TABLE 30. SOURCE USED TO DETERMINE VOTER PARTICIPATION 

Questions F1, F2. Number of persons participating and the source of the number of voters. 

General Note: Any misspelled responses to F2 were corrected to align with the categorical responses presented in the questionnaire in order 

to tabulate the number of voters that participated in the election for each source.

Question F2:

Arkansas: One jurisdiction commented, “Election night reporting software – total ballots cast.” Another jurisdiction 

noted this information was drawn from the ERM Summary Report plus ballots returned but not counted. 

Arizona: One jurisdiction stated that provisional ballot totals (valid and invalid) are also derived from its verification 

reports generated from its voter registration system upon assigning a disposition to a given provisional. 

Florida: One jurisdiction noted, “Totals from tabulation.” Another jurisdiction commented that F1c, d, and e include 

rejected ballots. A third jurisdiction stated it’s “official” number of ballots cast from results certificates is 95,252; voters 

whose ballots continue to arrive after the election are always given credit for voting to ensure their voter records remain 

active.

New Mexico: One jurisdiction commented, “How voters voted statistics report/Ballot issue report.”

Oklahoma: Number of ballots counted was derived from total votes cast for highest office, plus over votes and under votes 

in that race.

Vermont: One jurisdiction noted that its voting tabulator also digitally keeps track of numbers to compare with the 

checklist from poll workers. A second jurisdiction stated that this designation includes ballots received after election 

day. Another jurisdiction commented, “Entrance and Exit Checklist verification.” A fourth jurisdiction stated that F2 also 

refers to the number of voters checked off (same number). A different jurisdiction noted that “voters checked off voter 

checklist include early voters as well.” Another jurisdiction noted that F2 also refers to the number of ballots counted. 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 3 5

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TABLE 31. DOMESTIC ABSENTEE BALLOTS TRANSMITTED: DISPOSITION OF BALLOTS 

State

Election 

Juris. in 

Survey

Total Ballots 

Transmitted

Domestic Absentee Ballots Transmitted to Voters and Disposition Not Categorized

Balance

(See Notes)

Returned and Submitted 

for Counting Returned as Undeliverable Spoiled or Replaced Ballots

Status Unknown 

(Not Returned)

Other Disposition 

(See Comments)

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

Alabama 67 63,840 39 55,671 39 87.2 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 8,169 12.8 

Alaska 1 30,144 1 25,486 1 84.5 616 1 2.0 0 ... 4,042 1 13.4 0 ... 0 0.0 

Arizona 15 1,920,746 15 1,542,855 15 80.3 59,945 12 3.1 63,071 15 3.3 254,874 15 13.3 1 1 0.0 0 0.0 

Arkansas 75 34,257 74 31,148 74 90.9 154 74 0.4 46 73 0.1 2,678 74 7.8 229 13 0.7 2 0.0 

California 58 9,394,212 58 6,634,717 58 70.6 181,886 45 1.9 58,322 27 0.6 2,311,657 52 24.6 145,168 22 1.5 62,462 0.7 

Colorado 64 2,134,847 64 1,868,130 64 87.5 57,258 64 2.7 23,466 64 1.1 185,859 64 8.7 0 ... 134 0.0 

Connecticut 169 131,416 169 120,041 169 91.3 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 11,375 8.7 

Delaware 3 21,103 3 19,492 3 92.4 32 3 0.2 570 3 2.7 847 3 4.0 162 3 0.8 0 0.0 

District of Columbia 1 15,953 1 11,454 1 71.8 326 1 2.0 223 1 1.4 3,950 1 24.8 0 1 0.0 0 0.0 

Florida 67 2,807,295 67 2,297,627 67 81.8 40,551 65 1.4 37,618 17 1.3 430,786 67 15.3 713 6 0.0 0 0.0 

Georgia 159 1,942,497 159 1,909,845 159 98.3 544 159 0.0 416 159 0.0 0 ... 0 ... 31,692 1.6 

Hawaii 4 174,340 4 157,236 4 90.2 355 2 0.2 806 2 0.5 15,943 4 9.1 0 ... 0 0.0 

Idaho 44 168,599 44 163,115 44 96.7 447 44 0.3 671 44 0.4 4,356 44 2.6 0 ... 10 0.0 

Illinois 110 328,406 110 302,359 110 92.1 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 26,047 7.9 

Indiana 92 562,430 92 558,739 92 99.3 115 92 0.0 3,576 92 0.6 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Iowa 99 736,304 99 684,690 99 93.0 2,432 99 0.3 4,605 99 0.6 42,166 99 5.7 2,411 99 0.3 0 0.0 

Kansas 105 199,306 105 139,146 104 69.8 1,601 105 0.8 1,170 105 0.6 13,101 105 6.6 0 ... 44,288 22.2 

Kentucky 120 33,690 120 33,690 120 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Louisiana 64 55,818 64 43,686 64 78.3 0 64 0.0 0 ... 10,974 64 19.7 1,158 64 2.1 0 0.0 

Maine 500 193,105 500 186,930 500 96.8 147 500 0.1 409 500 0.2 5,619 500 2.9 0 ... 0 0.0 

Maryland 24 160,663 24 140,650 24 87.5 758 24 0.5 0 ... 19,255 24 12.0 0 ... 0 0.0 

Massachusetts 351 282,365 351 259,114 351 91.8 220 351 0.1 3 351 0.0 23,028 351 8.2 0 ... 0 0.0 

Michigan 83 1,297,672 83 1,259,902 83 97.1 1,698 83 0.1 21,031 83 1.6 15,041 83 1.2 0 ... 0 0.0 

Minnesota 87 277,294 87 265,315 87 95.7 198 87 0.1 1,058 87 0.4 10,723 87 3.9 0 ... 0 0.0 

Mississippi 82 68,692 58 64,657 55 94.1 211 23 0.3 48 19 0.1 1,668 35 2.4 51 5 0.1 2,057 3.0 

Missouri 116 269,713 116 257,329 116 95.4 389 110 0.1 65 69 0.0 2,066 38 0.8 4 1 0.0 9,860 3.7 

Montana 56 314,536 56 285,388 56 90.7 3,302 56 1.0 6,367 56 2.0 19,479 56 6.2 0 ... 0 0.0 

Nebraska 93 231,377 93 206,956 93 89.4 0 ... 0 ... 17,148 93 7.4 8,347 10 3.6 (1,074) (0.5)
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 3 6

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TABLE 31. SOURCE USED TO DETERMINE VOTER PARTICIPATION (CONTINUED)

State

Election 

Juris. in 

Survey

Total Ballots 

Transmitted

Domestic Absentee Ballots Transmitted to Voters and Disposition Not Categorized

Balance

(See Notes)

Returned and Submitted 

for Counting Returned as Undeliverable Spoiled or Replaced Ballots

Status Unknown 

(Not Returned)

Other Disposition 

(See Comments)

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

Nevada 17 91,634 17 77,908 17 85.0 1,177 17 1.3 731 17 0.8 11,818 17 12.9 0 17 0.0 0 0.0 

New Hampshire 320 69,354 320 66,075 320 95.3 102 320 0.1 0 320 0.0 3,177 320 4.6 0 320 0.0 0 0.0 

New Jersey 21 336,640 21 284,103 21 84.4 0 ... 0 ... 52,537 21 15.6 0 ... 0 0.0 

New Mexico 33 83,642 28 71,386 26 85.3 59 13 0.1 32 13 0.0 601 11 0.7 0 2 0.0 11,564 13.8 

New York 62 340,169 57 326,189 57 95.9 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 16,534 57 4.9 (2,554) (0.8)

North Carolina 100 229,672 100 205,078 100 89.3 542 100 0.2 9,354 100 4.1 14,571 100 6.3 127 100 0.1 0 0.0 

North Dakota 53 99,458 53 94,024 53 94.5 32 53 0.0 204 53 0.2 5,198 51 5.2 0 53 0.0 0 0.0 

Ohio 88 1,346,248 88 1,259,904 88 93.6 2,305 88 0.2 10,010 88 0.7 73,827 88 5.5 0 ... 202 0.0 

Oklahoma 77 72,820 77 61,429 77 84.4 343 77 0.5 0 77 0.0 11,048 77 15.2 0 ... 0 0.0 

Oregon 36 17,807 36 12,908 36 72.5 542 36 3.0 1,365 36 7.7 2,992 36 16.8 0 ... 0 0.0 

Pennsylvania 67 282,822 67 248,561 67 87.9 478 67 0.2 56 67 0.0 33,726 67 11.9 0 67 0.0 1 0.0 

Rhode Island 39 27,105 39 24,425 39 90.1 0 ... 0 ... 2,680 39 9.9 0 39 0.0 0 0.0 

South Carolina 46 408,388 46 395,422 46 96.8 0 ... 0 ... 11,024 46 2.7 0 ... 1,942 0.5 

South Dakota 66 74,231 66 72,635 66 97.8 18 66 0.0 16 66 0.0 834 66 1.1 4 66 0.0 724 1.0 

Tennessee 95 59,667 95 55,270 95 92.6 273 95 0.5 226 95 0.4 3,890 95 6.5 8 1 0.0 0 0.0 

Texas 254 253,450 233 237,365 230 93.7 1,239 227 0.5 1,412 220 0.6 13,434 223 5.3 0 ... 0 0.0 

Utah 29 242,393 29 187,674 29 77.4 4,099 29 1.7 0 ... 50,620 29 20.9 0 ... 0 0.0 

Vermont 246 71,295 238 68,152 231 95.6 33 189 0.0 152 183 0.2 2,795 202 3.9 43 32 0.1 120 0.2 

Virginia 134 441,110 134 423,481 134 96.0 0 ... 0 ... 17,552 134 4.0 0 ... 77 0.0 

Washington 39 3,832,560 39 3,140,309 39 81.9 57,653 37 1.5 19,313 21 0.5 0 ... 0 ... 615,285 16.1 

West Virginia 55 15,168 55 13,792 54 90.9 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1,339 54 8.8 37 0.2 

Wisconsin 3,541 736,123 3,541 686,860 3,541 93.3 3,093 3,541 0.4 0 ... 50,984 3,541 6.9 0 ... (4,814) (0.7)

Wyoming 23 67,554 23 65,742 23 97.3 5 23 0.0 230 23 0.3 1,577 23 2.3 0 ... 0 0.0 

American Samoa 1 116 1 86 1 74.1 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 30 1 25.9 0 1 0.0 0 0.0 

Guam 1 133 1 96 1 72.2 5 1 3.8 0 1 0.0 27 1 20.3 5 1 3.8 0 0.0 

Puerto Rico 1 20,206 1 20,012 1 99.0 127 1 0.6 0 1 0.0 67 1 0.3 0 ... 0 0.0 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 33,070,385 8,061 27,624,254 8,044 83.5 425,310 7,045 1.3 266,642 3,248 0.8 3,760,269 7,049 11.4 176,304 1,035 0.5 817,606 2.5 

States Included 54 54 41 33 45 17 23 

Question C1a C1b C1c C1d C1e C1f+g+h calc
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TABLE 31. DOMESTIC ABSENTEE BALLOTS TRANSMITTED: DISPOSITION OF BALLOTS 

Questions C1. Number of domestic civilian absentee ballots transmitted to voters and the disposition of the 

ballots. 

General note: The Balance/Not Categorized column on the table compares the sum of all the categorical responses with the total indicated. 

If the balance is a positive number the difference is treated as uncategorized responses. If the balance is a negative number (indicated by the 

parentheses) the difference indicates the sum of the responses is greater than the total indicated. This could occur by an error in data entry or 

by the inability to correctly categorize some responses, resulting in some over-counting. 

Question C1:

Arkansas: One jurisdiction noted that two designated bearers did not get picked up. Another jurisdiction commented, “Voter didn’t 

download ballot.” A third jurisdiction commented, “Was returned late.” A fourth jurisdiction stated that for C1d addresses of two absentee requests were noted in the wrong precinct; as a result, the precinct spoiled their ballots, changed their addresses, and reissued 

correct ballots. 

California: One jurisdiction noted that C1g is included in C1b. A second jurisdiction commented that the total of C1b-h exceeds C1a 

because the reported number of replacement ballots includes ballots that are being counted in other areas, and therefore they are being 

counted twice. A third jurisdiction stated that it does not track undeliverable ballots in its EMS system. Another jurisdiction included 

replacement ballots in all categories showing ballots issued, returned, counted, etc. 

Delaware: One jurisdiction had to reissue ballots for one Senate District twice due to a withdrawal and substitution of a candidate. 

Florida: One jurisdiction noted that the data for this question was drawn from the VR EAC Report. A second jurisdiction commented 

that the Absentee Report shows 2,181, but two FWAB absentee ballots were added in the C1a total. Another jurisdiction commented, 

“C1b does not include 11 ballots that were returned by ineligible voters and 27 ballots returned with no certificate envelope or other 

voter identifiers. Ballots received after the deadline are ‘invalid’ and, therefore, no official action is required to ‘reject’ them. As of 

01/02/13, we received 706 ‘late’ ballots from civilian domestic voters.”

Missouri: One jurisdiction had 19 replaced ballots, which are reflected in the count. Another jurisdiction commented that the three 

spoiled ballots (C1d) are included in the 329 transmitted ballots (C1a) count. A third jurisdiction stated that not all ballots mailed were 

returned. A fourth jurisdiction noted that for C1c, ballots were still coming in; for C1d, some replaced, and MCVR report included military through emails. 

Mississippi: One jurisdiction noted that its courthouse burned on 1/17/2013. 

New Mexico: One jurisdiction commented, “Absentee Statistics Report/Ballot Issue Report/Absentee Register.” A second jurisdiction 

states that its absentee board included UOCAVA voters. 

Oregon: Oregon conducts elections by mail. Numbers reported reflect domestic absentee only because under statute, the permanent 

absentee process is distinctly different from vote by mail elections.

Vermont: One jurisdiction stated that C1 includes all absentee ballots which equaled 144 + 1 FWAB, while C1b includes 137 ballots + 1 

FWAB; for E1b, this jurisdiction did not keep a copy of the tally for spoiled out of locked bag. Another jurisdiction commented, “5 ballots were returned the day after election. Postal marks indicate multi date transit intra-state. UNACCEPTABLE. See attached scanned 

copies of the envelopes.” A third jurisdiction noted that for C1c one ballot returned as undeliverable was for a prisoner who transferred 

to another facility. Another jurisdiction stated that a returned ballot was requested and sent under a maiden name and was returned as 

addressee “unknown” because current address was registered under married name. 

West Virginia: No way to track ballots returned as undeliverable, spoiled, or status unknown.
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TABLE 32. DOMESTIC ABSENTEE BALLOTS: SENT TO PERMANENT LIST; SUBMITTED FOR COUNTING: DISPOSITION

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Total 

Ballots 

Transmitted

Permanent

List 

Transmissions Pct.

Ballots 

Submitted

Disposition of Domestic Absentee Ballots Submitted for Counting Not Categorized

Balance

(See Notes) Counted Rejected Other (See Comments)

Total Total Total Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

Alabama 67 63,840 ... 55,671 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 55,671 100.0 

Alaska 1 30,144 ... 25,486 24,681 1 96.8 805 1 3.2 0 ... 0 0.0 

Arizona 15 1,920,746 1,803,314 93.9 1,542,855 1,530,465 15 99.2 12,390 15 0.8 0 ... 0 0.0 

Arkansas 75 34,257 1,169 3.4 31,148 27,833 72 89.4 949 72 3.0 0 ... 2,366 7.6 

California 58 9,394,212 7,875,263 83.8 6,634,717 6,554,199 58 98.8 59,070 57 0.9 0 4 0.0 21,448 0.3 

Colorado 64 2,134,847 1,803,342 84.5 1,868,130 1,768,061 64 94.6 16,407 64 0.9 0 ... 83,662 4.5 

Connecticut 169 131,416 ... 120,041 117,685 169 98.0 2,356 169 2.0 0 ... 0 0.0 

Delaware 3 21,103 4,120 19.5 19,492 19,251 3 98.8 240 3 1.2 0 ... 1 0.0 

District of Columbia 1 15,953 2,699 16.9 11,454 11,058 1 96.5 396 1 3.5 0 1 0.0 0 0.0 

Florida 67 2,807,295 1,209,030 43.1 2,297,627 2,276,767 67 99.1 20,588 67 0.9 0 4 0.0 272 0.0 

Georgia 159 1,942,497 83,942 4.3 1,909,845 1,909,136 159 100.0 709 159 0.0 0 ... 0 0.0 

Hawaii 4 174,340 148,602 85.2 157,236 156,130 4 99.3 1,106 4 0.7 0 ... 0 0.0 

Idaho 44 168,599 ... 163,115 162,156 44 99.4 954 44 0.6 0 ... 5 0.0 

Illinois 110 328,406 ... 302,359 298,121 110 98.6 4,238 110 1.4 0 ... 0 0.0 

Indiana 92 562,430 ... 558,739 506,516 92 90.7 11,983 92 2.1 0 ... 40,240 7.2 

Iowa 99 736,304 ... 684,690 676,522 99 98.8 8,168 99 1.2 0 ... 0 0.0 

Kansas 105 199,306 31,712 15.9 139,146 182,169 105 130.9 5,062 105 3.6 0 ... (48,085) (34.6)

Kentucky 120 33,690 ... 33,690 31,876 120 94.6 1,814 120 5.4 0 ... 0 0.0 

Louisiana 64 55,818 33,774 60.5 43,686 41,312 64 94.6 2,374 64 5.4 0 ... 0 0.0 

Maine 500 193,105 ... 186,930 184,763 500 98.8 2,156 500 1.2 0 ... 11 0.0 

Maryland 24 160,663 ... 140,650 139,136 24 98.9 1,514 24 1.1 0 ... 0 0.0 

Massachusetts 351 282,365 ... 259,114 256,616 351 99.0 2,498 351 1.0 0 ... 0 0.0 

Michigan 83 1,297,672 ... 1,259,902 1,228,162 83 97.5 8,049 83 0.6 0 ... 23,691 1.9 

Minnesota 87 277,294 ... 265,315 257,542 87 97.1 7,773 87 2.9 0 ... 0 0.0 

Mississippi 82 68,692 1,385 2.0 64,657 61,160 56 94.6 2,208 47 3.4 66 1 0.1 1,223 1.9 

Missouri 116 269,713 26,589 9.9 257,329 251,954 116 97.9 5,076 116 2.0 1 1 0.0 298 0.1 

Montana 56 314,536 257,222 81.8 285,388 284,535 56 99.7 853 56 0.3 0 ... 0 0.0 

Nebraska 93 231,377 ... 206,956 203,014 93 98.1 3,942 93 1.9 0 ... 0 0.0 

Nevada 17 91,634 0 0.0 77,908 76,730 17 98.5 1,160 17 1.5 18 17 0.0 0 0.0 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 3 9

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 32. DOMESTIC ABSENTEE BALLOTS: SENT TO PERMANENT LIST; SUBMITTED FOR COUNTING: DISPOSITION (CONTINUED)

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Total 

Ballots 

Transmitted

Permanent

List 

Transmissions Pct.

Ballots 

Submitted

Disposition of Domestic Absentee Ballots Submitted for Counting Not Categorized

Balance

(See Notes) Counted Rejected Other (See Comments)

Total Total Total Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

New Hampshire 320 69,354 0 0.0 66,075 64,340 320 97.4 1,735 320 2.6 0 320 0.0 0 0.0 

New Jersey 21 336,640 153,851 45.7 284,103 276,693 21 97.4 6,534 21 2.3 0 ... 876 0.3 

New Mexico 33 83,642 1,655 2.0 71,386 68,023 22 95.3 971 17 1.4 0 2 0.0 2,392 3.4 

New York 62 340,169 ... 326,189 309,655 57 94.9 0 ... 0 ... 16,534 5.1 

North Carolina 100 229,672 ... 205,078 202,841 100 98.9 2,237 100 1.1 0 ... 0 0.0 

North Dakota 53 99,458 ... 94,024 93,665 53 99.6 359 53 0.4 0 53 0.0 0 0.0 

Ohio 88 1,346,248 ... 1,259,904 1,247,055 88 99.0 12,849 88 1.0 0 ... 0 0.0 

Oklahoma 77 72,820 18,616 25.6 61,429 59,523 77 96.9 1,905 77 3.1 0 ... 1 0.0 

Oregon 36 17,807 17,807 100.0 12,908 12,611 36 97.7 297 36 2.3 0 ... 0 0.0 

Pennsylvania 67 282,822 7,127 2.5 248,561 246,716 67 99.3 1,845 67 0.7 0 ... 0 0.0 

Rhode Island 39 27,105 ... 24,425 24,099 39 98.7 326 39 1.3 0 39 0.0 0 0.0 

South Carolina 46 408,388 ... 395,422 123,920 46 31.3 650 46 0.2 0 ... 270,852 68.5 

South Dakota 66 74,231 ... 72,635 50,326 66 69.3 148 66 0.2 2 66 0.0 22,159 30.5 

Tennessee 95 59,667 8,640 14.5 55,270 54,284 95 98.2 614 95 1.1 0 ... 372 0.7 

Texas 254 253,450 ... 237,365 225,041 227 94.8 3,647 225 1.5 0 ... 8,677 3.7 

Utah 29 242,393 ... 187,674 185,673 29 98.9 2,001 29 1.1 0 ... 0 0.0 

Vermont 246 71,295 200 0.3 68,152 63,154 230 92.7 467 181 0.7 1 22 0.0 4,530 6.6 

Virginia 134 441,110 ... 423,481 421,203 134 99.5 2,278 134 0.5 0 ... 0 0.0 

Washington 39 3,832,560 3,832,560 100.0 3,140,309 3,110,331 39 99.0 29,978 39 1.0 0 ... 0 0.0 

West Virginia 55 15,168 125 0.8 13,792 13,766 54 99.8 26 54 0.2 0 ... 0 0.0 

Wisconsin 3,541 736,123 57,010 7.7 686,860 658,240 3,541 95.8 4,114 3,541 0.6 0 ... 24,506 3.6 

Wyoming 23 67,554 ... 65,742 65,557 23 99.7 177 23 0.3 0 ... 8 0.0 

American Samoa 1 116 108 93.1 86 86 1 100.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 0.0 

Guam 1 133 ... 96 82 1 85.4 14 1 14.6 0 ... 0 0.0 

Puerto Rico 1 20,206 ... 20,012 19,642 1 98.2 370 1 1.8 0 ... 0 0.0 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 33,070,385 17,379,862 52.6 27,624,254 26,834,076 7,997 97.1 258,380 7,874 0.9 88 531 0.0 531,710 1.9 

States Included 54 25 54 53 51 5 24 

Question C1a C3 calc C1b C4a C4b C4c+C4d calc
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 4 0

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 32. DOMESTIC ABSENTEE BALLOTS: PERMANENT LIST; SUBMITTED FOR COUNTING: DISPOSITION 

Questions C1, C3, C4. Number of domestic civilian absentee ballots transmitted to voters due to the 

existence of a permanent list; and ballots submitted for counting and the disposition of the ballots. 

General note: The Balance/Not Categorized column on the table compares the sum of all the categorical responses with the total indicated. 

If the balance is a positive number the difference is treated as uncategorized responses. If the balance is a negative number (indicated by the 

parentheses) the difference indicates the sum of the responses is greater than the total indicated. This could occur by an error in data entry or 

by the inability to correctly categorize some responses, resulting in some over-counting. 

Question C3:

Arizona: One jurisdiction stated that the C3 total is the number of voters on the Permanent Early Voting List as of the close of requesting 

to have an early ballot mailed (11 days prior to election). 

California: One jurisdiction commented, “perm[anent]. vote by mail voter.” 

Florida: One jurisdiction noted that C3 represents absentee requests on file at the time of its initial mailing of ballots. 

Missouri: One jurisdiction commented that all PD list voters are entered with some entries as non-PD list, disabled voters. A second 

jurisdiction notes that this figure is an estimate of the 8,212 permanently disabled applications sent. 

New Mexico: One jurisdiction noted that three all-mail election precincts are not considered permanent absentee/168 absentee applications were mailed to these voters. 

Nevada: Although NV does not have a permanent list, NV NRS 293.313 allows a voter who is (a) at least 65 years of age or (b) has a physical disability or condition which substantially impairs his or her ability to go to the polling place, to request an absentee ballot for all 

elections held during the year he or she requests an absent ballot.

Vermont: One jurisdiction commented, “Applications received.” 

Wisconsin: Counts of ballots to voters on permanent absentee voter list can only be provided for jurisdictions who track all absentee 

ballots in the Statewide Voter Registration System. This accounts for most of the large jurisdictions in Wisconsin.

Question C4:

Arizona: One jurisdiction noted that C4a does not include the 5,027 UOCAVA ballots that were counted (tabulated), which would bring 

the grand total of early ballots counted (tabulated) in Maricopa County to 960,391. 

California: One jurisdiction stated the vote-by-mail count includes all mail precincts. 

Florida: On jurisdiction commented, “The 503 rejected ballots in C4b includes those ballots received after the deadline. These ballots 

are not submitted for counting, but you request this information in C5.” Two jurisdictions indicated that this data is drawn from the VR 

EAC Report. Another jurisdiction noted six instances of no signature and 1 instance of a ballot signed wrong. A different jurisdiction 

stated, “Signature did not match.” 

Maine: One jurisdiction had to reject and then reissue ballots due to the death of a candidate. 

Missouri: One jurisdiction indicated ballots were received after the deadline. 

Mississippi: One jurisdiction noted that its courthouse burned on 1/17/2013. 

New Mexico: One jurisdiction commented, “Absentee Statistics Report/Ballot Issue Report/Absentee Register.”

New York: The New York County data includes all New York City counties (New York, Bronx, Kings, Queens, and Richmond). 

Oregon: Numbers are for domestic absentee electors.

Vermont: One jurisdiction commented, “Rejected because no voter affidavit returned with ballot.” Another jurisdiction noted the 40 

spoiled ballots are not included as they were counted as spoiled. One jurisdiction does not record “counted” ballots versus “spoiled” 

ballots by voter. A fourth jurisdiction indicated for C4b one left certificate envelope blank, and one registered to vote in another town. 

Another jurisdiction had 28 ballots returned that were defective and not counted, but it was not tracked at the time if they were military 

or overseas. These ballots are now sealed in the storage bags. One jurisdiction commented C4 seems to be asking to include Vermont’s 

category of spoiled ballots; those that were returned by mail and did not have the appropriate envelope or signature were placed in a 

spoiled ballot envelope and never “submitted” for counting. Therefore, for this county, C5 does not count for its election results. Another 

jurisdiction noted that, for C4b, two absentee voters did not sign the “certificate envelope.”

West Virginia: One county did not record absentee ballot information in the Statewide Voter Registration System after ballots were sent. 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 4 1

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 33A. DOMESTIC ABSENTEE BALLOTS: REASONS FOR REJECTION, PART A

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Ballots Rejected

Domestic Absentee Ballots Rejected and Reason, Part A Not 

Categorized

Balance 

(See notes)

Not Received on Time or 

Missed Deadline No Voter Signature No Witness Signature Non-matching Signature No Election Official’sSignature

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

Alabama 67 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Alaska 1 805 1 2 1 0.2 206 1 25.6 244 1 30.3 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 353 43.9 

Arizona 15 12,390 15 4,107 9 33.1 5,256 13 42.4 0 3 0.0 2,051 11 16.6 0 3 0.0 976 7.9 

Arkansas 75 949 72 315 69 33.2 104 68 11.0 34 68 3.6 74 69 7.8 0 68 0.0 422 44.5 

California 58 59,070 57 24,609 53 41.7 10,000 54 16.9 3 30 0.0 15,206 52 25.7 0 29 0.0 9,252 15.7 

Colorado 64 16,407 64 1,462 64 8.9 2,735 64 16.7 0 ... 6,206 64 37.8 0 ... 6,004 36.6 

Connecticut 169 2,356 169 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 2,356 100.0 

Delaware 3 240 3 225 3 93.8 7 3 2.9 0 3 0.0 1 3 0.4 0 3 0.0 7 2.9 

District of Columbia 1 396 1 91 1 23.0 305 1 77.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 0.0 

Florida 67 20,588 67 8,597 51 41.8 5,256 66 25.5 57 31 0.3 5,398 67 26.2 0 28 0.0 1,280 6.2 

Georgia 159 709 159 0 ... 5 159 0.7 71 159 10.0 356 159 50.2 0 ... 277 39.1 

Hawaii 4 1,106 4 618 1 55.9 138 3 12.5 0 ... 220 2 19.9 0 ... 130 11.8 

Idaho 44 954 44 586 44 61.4 109 44 11.4 0 44 0.0 53 44 5.6 0 44 0.0 206 21.6 

Illinois 110 4,238 110 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 4,238 100.0 

Indiana 92 11,983 92 1,049 91 8.8 97 29 0.8 0 27 0.0 51 29 0.4 59 26 0.5 10,727 89.5 

Iowa 99 8,168 99 1,353 99 16.6 1,652 99 20.2 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 5,163 63.2 

Kansas 105 5,062 105 1,648 105 32.6 918 105 18.1 0 ... 429 105 8.5 0 ... 2,067 40.8 

Kentucky 120 1,814 120 238 120 13.1 823 120 45.4 8 120 0.4 47 120 2.6 0 ... 698 38.5 

Louisiana 64 2,374 64 975 64 41.1 193 64 8.1 980 64 41.3 0 ... 37 64 1.6 189 8.0 

Maine 500 2,156 500 284 500 13.2 876 500 40.6 245 500 11.4 25 500 1.2 0 ... 726 33.7 

Maryland 24 1,514 24 903 24 59.6 299 24 19.7 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 312 20.6 

Massachusetts 351 2,498 351 2,180 351 87.3 63 351 2.5 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 255 10.2 

Michigan 83 8,049 83 5,205 83 64.7 900 83 11.2 0 ... 208 83 2.6 0 ... 1,736 21.6 

Minnesota 87 7,773 87 1,837 87 23.6 374 87 4.8 1,803 87 23.2 126 87 1.6 0 ... 3,633 46.7 

Mississippi 82 2,208 47 52 16 2.4 123 19 5.6 159 19 7.2 5 10 0.2 5 9 0.2 1,864 84.4 

Missouri 116 5,076 116 1,846 114 36.4 637 116 12.5 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 2,593 51.1 

Montana 56 853 56 380 56 44.5 257 56 30.1 0 56 0.0 160 56 18.8 0 56 0.0 56 6.6 

Nebraska 93 3,942 93 689 93 17.5 622 93 15.8 0 ... 0 ... 4 93 0.1 2,627 66.6 

Nevada 17 1,160 17 611 17 52.7 158 17 13.6 0 17 0.0 195 17 16.8 0 17 0.0 196 16.9 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 4 2

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 33A. DOMESTIC ABSENTEE BALLOTS: REASONS FOR REJECTION, PART A (CONTINUED)

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Ballots Rejected

Domestic Absentee Ballots Rejected and Reason, Part A Not 

Categorized

Balance 

(See notes)

Not Received on Time or 

Missed Deadline No Voter Signature No Witness Signature Non-matching Signature No Election Official’sSignature

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct

New Hampshire 320 1,735 320 785 320 45.2 163 320 9.4 0 320 0.0 321 320 18.5 0 320 0.0 466 26.9 

New Jersey 21 6,534 21 1,255 21 19.2 1,907 21 29.2 0 ... 855 21 13.1 0 ... 2,517 38.5 

New Mexico 33 971 17 477 11 49.1 95 11 9.8 0 6 0.0 0 6 0.0 0 6 0.0 399 41.1 

New York 62 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

North Carolina 100 2,237 100 772 100 34.5 214 100 9.6 546 100 24.4 45 100 2.0 0 100 0.0 660 29.5 

North Dakota 53 359 53 135 53 37.6 52 53 14.5 0 53 0.0 129 53 35.9 0 ... 43 12.0 

Ohio 88 12,849 88 6,097 88 47.5 888 88 6.9 0 ... 334 88 2.6 0 ... 5,530 43.0 

Oklahoma 77 1,905 77 615 77 32.3 125 77 6.6 394 77 20.7 0 77 0.0 0 77 0.0 771 40.5 

Oregon 36 297 36 152 36 51.2 33 36 11.1 0 ... 81 36 27.3 0 ... 31 10.4 

Pennsylvania 67 1,845 67 1,373 67 74.4 52 67 2.8 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 420 22.8 

Rhode Island 39 326 39 0 ... 128 39 39.3 130 39 39.9 60 39 18.4 0 39 0.0 8 2.5 

South Carolina 46 650 46 650 46 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

South Dakota 66 148 66 74 66 50.0 38 66 25.7 0 66 0.0 21 66 14.2 0 66 0.0 15 10.1 

Tennessee 95 614 95 407 95 66.3 93 95 15.1 4 95 0.7 8 95 1.3 0 ... 102 16.6 

Texas 254 3,647 225 3,081 226 84.5 1,671 224 45.8 58 222 1.6 639 223 17.5 0 223 0.0 (1,802) (49.4)

Utah 29 2,001 29 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 2,001 100.0 

Vermont 246 467 181 165 137 35.3 80 132 17.1 0 113 0.0 1 114 0.2 0 114 0.0 221 47.3 

Virginia 134 2,278 134 437 134 19.2 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1,841 80.8 

Washington 39 29,978 39 5,859 39 19.5 6,972 39 23.3 145 39 0.5 12,067 39 40.3 0 39 0.0 4,935 16.5 

West Virginia 55 26 54 13 54 50.0 1 54 3.8 0 54 0.0 0 54 0.0 0 54 0.0 12 46.2 

Wisconsin 3,541 4,114 3,541 496 3,541 12.1 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 3,618 87.9 

Wyoming 23 177 23 84 11 47.5 42 7 23.7 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 51 28.8 

American Samoa 1 0 1 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 ...

Guam 1 14 1 8 1 57.1 4 1 28.6 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 2 14.3 

Puerto Rico 1 370 1 125 1 33.8 77 1 20.8 36 1 9.7 20 1 5.4 0 1 0.0 112 30.3 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 258,380 7,874 82,922 7,241 32.1 44,748 3,671 17.3 4,917 2,417 1.9 45,392 2,814 17.6 105 1,483 0.0 80,296 31.1 

States Included 51 46 45 17 31 4 48 

Question C4b C5a C5b C5c C5d C5e calc
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 4 3

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 33B. DOMESTIC ABSENTEE BALLOTS: REASONS FOR REJECTION, PART B

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

 Ballots Rejected

Domestic Absentee Ballots Rejected and Reason, Part B Not Categorized

Balance 

(See notes)

Ballot Returned in 

Unofficial Envelope

Ballot Missing from 

Envelope Unsealed Envelope No Resident Address on Envelope

Multiple Ballots 

Returned in Envelope

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct

Alabama 67 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Alaska 1 805 1 0 1 0.0 17 1 2.1 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 788 97.9 

Arizona 15 12,390 15 72 4 0.6 173 11 1.4 0 3 0.0 122 4 1.0 0 4 0.0 12,023 97.0 

Arkansas 75 949 72 1 68 0.1 8 69 0.8 0 43 0.0 3 46 0.3 3 52 0.3 934 98.4 

California 58 59,070 57 32 30 0.1 579 38 1.0 3 28 0.0 12 32 0.0 79 32 0.1 58,365 98.8 

Colorado 64 16,407 64 0 ... 79 64 0.5 0 ... 0 ... 11 64 0.1 16,317 99.5 

Connecticut 169 2,356 169 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 2,356 100.0 

Delaware 3 240 3 0 3 0.0 2 3 0.8 0 3 0.0 0 3 0.0 0 3 0.0 238 99.2 

District of Columbia 1 396 1 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 396 100.0 

Florida 67 20,588 67 13 32 0.1 9 34 0.0 4 29 0.0 0 28 0.0 16 32 0.1 20,546 99.8 

Georgia 159 709 159 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 229 159 32.3 0 ... 480 67.7 

Hawaii 4 1,106 4 13 1 1.2 16 2 1.4 0 ... 0 ... 4 2 0.4 1,073 97.0 

Idaho 44 954 44 9 44 0.9 2 44 0.2 0 44 0.0 0 44 0.0 0 44 0.0 943 98.8 

Illinois 110 4,238 110 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 4,238 100.0 

Indiana 92 11,983 92 10 26 0.1 6 28 0.1 1 25 0.0 0 25 0.0 0 27 0.0 11,966 99.9 

Iowa 99 8,168 99 0 ... 292 99 3.6 798 99 9.8 0 ... 12 99 0.1 7,066 86.5 

Kansas 105 5,062 105 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 5,062 100.0 

Kentucky 120 1,814 120 0 ... 50 120 2.8 209 120 11.5 0 ... 0 120 0.0 1,555 85.7 

Louisiana 64 2,374 64 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 2,374 100.0 

Maine 500 2,156 500 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 2,156 100.0 

Maryland 24 1,514 24 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1,514 100.0 

Massachusetts 351 2,498 351 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 8 351 0.3 0 ... 2,490 99.7 

Michigan 83 8,049 83 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 8,049 100.0 

Minnesota 87 7,773 87 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 7,773 100.0 

Mississippi 82 2,208 47 8 10 0.4 3 9 0.1 1 10 0.0 0 9 0.0 11 9 0.5 2,185 99.0 

Missouri 116 5,076 116 0 ... 1 1 0.0 0 ... 67 113 1.3 0 1 0.0 5,008 98.7 

Montana 56 853 56 0 56 0.0 0 56 0.0 0 56 0.0 0 56 0.0 0 56 0.0 853 100.0 

Nebraska 93 3,942 93 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 3,942 100.0 

Nevada 17 1,160 17 2 17 0.2 10 17 0.9 0 17 0.0 0 17 0.0 3 17 0.3 1,145 98.7 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 4 4

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 33B. DOMESTIC ABSENTEE BALLOTS: REASONS FOR REJECTION, PART B (CONTINUED)

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

 Ballots Rejected

Domestic Absentee Ballots Rejected and Reason, Part B Not Categorized

Balance 

(See notes)

Ballot Returned in 

Unofficial Envelope

Ballot Missing from 

Envelope Unsealed Envelope No Resident Address on Envelope

Multiple Ballots 

Returned in Envelope

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct

New Hampshire 320 1,735 320 24 320 1.4 27 320 1.6 0 320 0.0 0 320 0.0 0 320 0.0 1,684 97.1 

New Jersey 21 6,534 21 0 ... 66 21 1.0 8 21 0.1 0 ... 0 ... 6,460 98.9 

New Mexico 33 971 17 5 6 0.5 0 7 0.0 0 6 0.0 0 6 0.0 0 7 0.0 966 99.5 

New York 62 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

North Carolina 100 2,237 100 0 100 0.0 0 100 0.0 0 100 0.0 0 100 0.0 0 100 0.0 2,237 100.0 

North Dakota 53 359 53 0 ... 0 53 0.0 0 ... 0 53 0.0 0 53 0.0 359 100.0 

Ohio 88 12,849 88 1,477 88 11.5 39 88 0.3 0 88 0.0 84 88 0.7 10 88 0.1 11,239 87.5 

Oklahoma 77 1,905 77 133 77 7.0 9 77 0.5 0 77 0.0 0 77 0.0 0 77 0.0 1,763 92.5 

Oregon 36 297 36 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 297 100.0 

Pennsylvania 67 1,845 67 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1,845 100.0 

Rhode Island 39 326 39 0 39 0.0 0 39 0.0 0 39 0.0 0 39 0.0 0 39 0.0 326 100.0 

South Carolina 46 650 46 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 650 100.0 

South Dakota 66 148 66 0 66 0.0 0 66 0.0 0 66 0.0 0 66 0.0 0 66 0.0 148 100.0 

Tennessee 95 614 95 33 95 5.4 34 95 5.5 0 92 0.0 0 95 0.0 0 95 0.0 547 89.1 

Texas 254 3,647 225 3 224 0.1 15 224 0.4 0 224 0.0 73 223 2.0 51 225 1.4 3,505 96.1 

Utah 29 2,001 29 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 2,001 100.0 

Vermont 246 467 181 91 126 19.5 37 122 7.9 10 116 2.1 2 116 0.4 0 115 0.0 327 70.0 

Virginia 134 2,278 134 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 2,278 100.0 

Washington 39 29,978 39 23 39 0.1 374 39 1.2 0 39 0.0 0 39 0.0 4 39 0.0 29,577 98.7 

West Virginia 55 26 54 0 54 0.0 0 54 0.0 0 54 0.0 0 54 0.0 0 54 0.0 26 100.0 

Wisconsin 3,541 4,114 3,541 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 4,114 100.0 

Wyoming 23 177 23 0 ... 0 ... 1 1 0.6 0 ... 2 2 1.1 174 98.3 

American Samoa 1 0 1 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 ...

Guam 1 14 1 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 14 100.0 

Puerto Rico 1 370 1 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 85 1 23.0 285 77.0 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 258,380 7,874 1,949 1,530 0.8 1,848 1,905 0.7 1,035 1,725 0.4 600 2,168 0.2 291 1,847 0.1 252,657 97.8 

States Included 51 17 23 9 9 13 51 

Question C4b C5f C5g C5h C5i C5j calc
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 4 5

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 33C. DOMESTIC ABSENTEE BALLOTS: REASONS FOR REJECTION, PART C

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Ballots Rejected

Domestic Absentee Ballots Rejected and Reason, Part C Not Categorized

Balance

(See Notes) Voter Deceased Already Voted in Person First-time Voter without 

Proper Identification

No Ballot Application on 

Record Other (See Comments)

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

Alabama 67 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Alaska 1 805 1 0 1 0.0 0 ... 0 1 0.0 5 1 0.6 331 1 41.1 469 58.3 

Arizona 15 12,390 15 224 6 1.8 17 5 0.1 0 3 0.0 28 3 0.2 340 6 2.7 11,781 95.1 

Arkansas 75 949 72 22 68 2.3 14 69 1.5 9 68 0.9 4 69 0.4 238 22 25.1 662 69.8 

California 58 59,070 57 847 38 1.4 18 29 0.0 1,845 32 3.1 12 28 0.0 4,902 36 8.3 51,446 87.1 

Colorado 64 16,407 64 66 64 0.4 103 64 0.6 5,288 64 32.2 0 ... 457 64 2.8 10,493 64.0 

Connecticut 169 2,356 169 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 2,356 100.0 

Delaware 3 240 3 2 3 0.8 0 3 0.0 0 3 0.0 0 3 0.0 3 3 1.3 235 97.9 

District of Columbia 1 396 1 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 396 100.0 

Florida 67 20,588 67 11 31 0.1 24 31 0.1 130 42 0.6 39 34 0.2 994 38 4.8 19,390 94.2 

Georgia 159 709 159 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 48 159 6.8 661 93.2 

Hawaii 4 1,106 4 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 78 2 7.1 1,028 92.9 

Idaho 44 954 44 3 44 0.3 158 44 16.6 0 44 0.0 0 44 0.0 34 44 3.6 759 79.6 

Illinois 110 4,238 110 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 4,238 100.0 

Indiana 92 11,983 92 19 27 0.2 12 27 0.1 0 24 0.0 3 26 0.0 95 26 0.8 11,854 98.9 

Iowa 99 8,168 99 274 99 3.4 2,129 99 26.1 0 ... 84 99 1.0 1,574 99 19.3 4,107 50.3 

Kansas 105 5,062 105 46 105 0.9 33 105 0.7 0 ... 0 ... 1,988 105 39.3 2,995 59.2 

Kentucky 120 1,814 120 34 120 1.9 4 120 0.2 0 ... 0 ... 401 60 22.1 1,375 75.8 

Louisiana 64 2,374 64 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 189 64 8.0 2,185 92.0 

Maine 500 2,156 500 0 ... 115 500 5.3 0 ... 0 ... 611 500 28.3 1,430 66.3 

Maryland 24 1,514 24 17 24 1.1 0 ... 88 24 5.8 3 24 0.2 204 24 13.5 1,202 79.4 

Massachusetts 351 2,498 351 50 351 2.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 2,448 98.0 

Michigan 83 8,049 83 682 83 8.5 717 83 8.9 0 ... 0 ... 337 83 4.2 6,313 78.4 

Minnesota 87 7,773 87 45 87 0.6 24 87 0.3 0 ... 0 ... 3,564 87 45.9 4,140 53.3 

Mississippi 82 2,208 47 7 11 0.3 14 12 0.6 0 9 0.0 37 13 1.7 237 10 10.7 1,913 86.6 

Missouri 116 5,076 116 111 115 2.2 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 2,385 85 47.0 2,580 50.8 

Montana 56 853 56 0 56 0.0 0 56 0.0 0 56 0.0 0 56 0.0 56 56 6.6 797 93.4 

Nebraska 93 3,942 93 37 93 0.9 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 2,588 93 65.7 1,317 33.4 

Nevada 17 1,160 17 19 17 1.6 0 17 0.0 24 17 2.1 0 17 0.0 138 17 11.9 979 84.4 
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TABLE 33C. DOMESTIC ABSENTEE BALLOTS: REASONS FOR REJECTION, PART C (CONTINUED)

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Ballots Rejected

Domestic Absentee Ballots Rejected and Reason, Part C Not Categorized

Balance

(See Notes) Voter Deceased Already Voted in Person First-time Voter without 

Proper Identification

No Ballot Application on 

Record Other (See Comments)

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

New Hampshire 320 1,735 320 25 320 1.4 115 320 6.6 1 320 0.1 26 320 1.5 248 320 14.3 1,320 76.1 

New Jersey 21 6,534 21 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 2,516 21 38.5 4,018 61.5 

New Mexico 33 971 17 0 7 0.0 2 8 0.2 8 7 0.8 0 4 0.0 0 2 0.0 961 99.0 

New York 62 0 0 ... 638 57 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... (638) ...

North Carolina 100 2,237 100 0 100 0.0 5 100 0.2 200 100 8.9 3 100 0.1 415 100 18.6 1,614 72.2 

North Dakota 53 359 53 0 ... 19 53 5.3 0 ... 0 ... 24 53 6.7 316 88.0 

Ohio 88 12,849 88 118 88 0.9 0 88 0.0 50 88 0.4 0 ... 3,697 87 28.8 8,984 69.9 

Oklahoma 77 1,905 77 0 77 0.0 0 77 0.0 0 77 0.0 0 77 0.0 629 77 33.0 1,276 67.0 

Oregon 36 297 36 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 10 36 3.4 21 36 7.1 266 89.6 

Pennsylvania 67 1,845 67 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 420 67 22.8 1,425 77.2 

Rhode Island 39 326 39 0 39 0.0 0 39 0.0 8 39 2.5 0 39 0.0 0 39 0.0 318 97.5 

South Carolina 46 650 46 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 650 100.0 

South Dakota 66 148 66 12 66 8.1 0 66 0.0 0 66 0.0 0 66 0.0 0 66 0.0 136 91.9 

Tennessee 95 614 95 4 1 0.7 2 1 0.3 0 ... 0 95 0.0 16 5 2.6 592 96.4 

Texas 254 3,647 225 13 224 0.4 354 224 9.7 14 224 0.4 91 223 2.5 0 ... 3,175 87.1 

Utah 29 2,001 29 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 2,001 100.0 

Vermont 246 467 181 0 115 0.0 0 115 0.0 0 115 0.0 0 115 0.0 73 23 15.6 394 84.4 

Virginia 134 2,278 134 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1,841 134 80.8 437 19.2 

Washington 39 29,978 39 19 39 0.1 170 39 0.6 50 39 0.2 0 39 0.0 4,304 21 14.4 25,435 84.8 

West Virginia 55 26 54 0 54 0.0 0 54 0.0 2 54 7.7 1 54 3.8 9 5 34.6 14 53.8 

Wisconsin 3,541 4,114 3,541 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 3,618 3,541 87.9 496 12.1 

Wyoming 23 177 23 0 ... 3 2 1.7 2 1 1.1 0 ... 40 8 22.6 132 74.6 

American Samoa 1 0 1 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 ...

Guam 1 14 1 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 2 1 14.3 12 85.7 

Puerto Rico 1 370 1 0 1 0.0 27 1 7.3 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 ... 343 92.7 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 258,380 7,874 2,707 2,577 1.0 4,717 2,598 1.8 7,719 1,521 3.0 346 1,589 0.1 39,665 6,292 15.4 203,226 78.7 

States Included 51 25 24 15 14 40 52 

Question C4b C5k C5l C5m C5n C5o:v calc
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TABLE 33. DOMESTIC ABSENTEE BALLOTS: REASONS FOR REJECTION, PARTS A, B AND C 

Questions C4, C5. Number of domestic civilian absentee ballots rejected and the reason for rejection. [This 

table is broken into parts due to the large number of reasons tabulated.] 

General note: The Balance/Not Categorized column on the table compares the sum of all the categorical responses with the total indicated. 

If the balance is a positive number the difference is treated as uncategorized responses. If the balance is a negative number (indicated by the 

parentheses) the difference indicates the sum of the responses is greater than the total indicated; this could occur by an error in data entry or 

by the inability to correctly categorize some responses, resulting in some over-counting. 

Question C5:

Arizona: One jurisdiction stated: “For C5c, C5e, C5h, C5i, C5l, C5m & C5n, these reject reasons do not apply in Maricopa County, Arizona for 

an Early Ballot (EB) or cannot occur in Maricopa County due to our early ballot issuing system (e.g. C5l is n/a because EV system will not allow 

a voter who already voted in-person to be issued another ballot). These categories are therefore marked as “N/A” above. For C5k, the total 

number provided here reflects the quantity of EB’s initially sent but later canceled due to all cancelation reasons (e.g. death, moved out-ofcounty, felon, etc.) and not just the noted “Voter deceased”. For the remaining line noted only as “Data not available”, this information is not 

accumulated since it is data that cannot be associated with an actual valid voter (e.g. voter not registered to vote) or is not considered a valid 

Early Ballot upon receipt so it is therefore not categorized as a rejected early ballot and therefore is not noted as a true reject within the canvass 

of the election (e.g. ballot returned in unofficial envelope, multiple ballots so one is invalidated but voter still would have one ballot cast, etc.).”

California: One jurisdiction indicated that C5o includes missing address and address mis-compares (i.e., voter moved and did not re-register). 

Colorado: Counts in C5l represent all ballots that were rejected because the voter had already voted, regardless of vote method.

Florida: One jurisdiction reported no rejections. Another jurisdiction commented that, in regards to C5a, ballots received after the deadline 

are “invalid” and, therefore, no official action is required to “reject” them. As of 01/02/13, this jurisdiction had received 706 “late” ballots from 

civilian domestic voters.

Indiana: Clay County does manually track the number of returned absentee ballots that are rejected, and stores them in specifically marked 

envelopes by precinct. However, it does not manually track the reason for why each rejected absentee ballot was rejected. Clinton County does 

not compile the requested information. Elkhart County did have some absentee ballots rejected due to voter being deceased, some rejected 

due to lack of signature or signature not matching SVRS records but did not manually track specific numbers. There were few such instances. 

In addition, three jurisdictions also generally indicated that they do not track this information, and two jurisdictions noted they do not track 

this information outside of the SVRS. Another jurisdiction stated that the ballots indicated as rejected were sent to the polls, however, there is 

no way to ensure the poll workers indeed rejected the ballots, only that they fit the criteria indicated and should have been. One jurisdiction 

commented, “We are a small county and do not have many issues with rejected ballots. The main reason we do not count absentee ballots is 

because the voter decides not to vote and never returns the ballot.” Another jurisdiction reported that it had 19 absentee ballots not returned 

by voters. One jurisdiction stated that it had a Traveling Board team forget to initial the ballot cards. 

Michigan: Initial decisions on rejected absentee ballots are made in the clerk’s office before the ballots are submitted to the appropriate precinct board for counting.

Minnesota: For all jurisdictions, C5d: Only if the number provided by the voter did not match, then voter signature did not match. C5m: Firsttime voters who must show ID must follow absentee election-day registration process. C5: Rejected ballots were replaced/resent if received in 

time. The number of voters for whom all ballot submissions were rejected for reason other than late is 10.

Missouri: One jurisdiction stated, “Ballots received after deadline.” A second jurisdiction commented, “Few ballots still coming in too late.” A 

third county noted that some of the ballots were received after the deadline, so that is why its numbers are off. 

Mississippi: One jurisdiction noted that its courthouse burned on 1/17/2013. 

New Jersey: Three jurisdictions commented, “Same Ballot has been rejected for multiple reasons.”

Ohio: One jurisdiction stated that C5c, C5e, and C5n are not valid reasons for rejection in Ohio. Another jurisdiction commented that the Ohio 

Board of elections cannot issue an absentee ballot without first receiving a ballot application. 

South Carolina: Counted = returned before deadline. Rejected = returned after deadline. No data on ABS ballots not accepted for other reasons such as “voter not qualified” or “oath not signed”. 

Vermont: Three jurisdictions commented that data on defective ballots is sealed in a ballot bag with the defective ballot envelope and tally 

sheet, and thus the defective ballot reasons are unknown. Of this group, one jurisdiction reported that it had an additional six ballots returned 

late. Another jurisdiction reported that this number is for the 2012 general election only. One jurisdiction stated, “C5 seems to include categories of Vermont’s spoiled ballots which were never put in the “to count” category though we had one without any signature, and two that were 

not in an appropriate envelope (not in one at all).”
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TABLE 34. PROVISIONAL BALLOTS SUBMITTED: DISPOSITION OF BALLOTS

State

Election 

Juris.

in Survey

Total Ballots 

Submitted

Provisional Ballots Submitted by Voters and Disposition Not Categorized

Balance

(See Notes) Counted Full Ballot Counted Part Ballot Rejected Ballot Other Disposition 

(See Comments)

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

Alabama 67 6,728 52 2,319 50 34.5 0 ... 4,409 47 65.5 0 ... 0 0.0 

Alaska 1 18,255 1 4,530 1 24.8 13,480 1 73.8 245 1 1.3 0 ... 0 0.0 

Arizona 15 183,259 15 150,237 15 82.0 0 3 0.0 33,022 15 18.0 0 ... 0 0.0 

Arkansas 75 2,592 73 890 73 34.3 5 73 0.2 1,697 73 65.5 0 ... 0 0.0 

California 58 1,065,156 56 706,381 50 66.3 119,322 41 11.2 177,753 55 16.7 54,274 10 5.1 7,426 0.7 

Colorado 64 62,847 64 45,435 64 72.3 7,542 64 12.0 9,870 64 15.7 0 ... 0 0.0 

Connecticut 169 963 169 0 ... 0 ... 843 169 87.5 0 ... 120 12.5 

Delaware 3 453 3 35 3 7.7 0 3 0.0 418 3 92.3 0 ... 0 0.0 

District of Columbia 1 38,636 1 32,233 1 83.4 3,158 1 8.2 3,245 1 8.4 0 1 0.0 0 0.0 

Florida 67 42,745 67 24,633 67 57.6 0 ... 18,106 67 42.4 1 6 0.0 5 0.0 

Georgia 159 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Hawaii 4 711 4 102 3 14.3 0 2 0.0 609 4 85.7 0 ... 0 0.0 

Idaho 44 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Illinois 110 43,772 110 13,486 110 30.8 0 ... 30,286 110 69.2 0 ... 0 0.0 

Indiana 92 4,801 66 804 75 16.7 0 92 0.0 3,997 76 83.3 0 ... 0 0.0 

Iowa 99 4,996 99 4,131 99 82.7 0 ... 865 99 17.3 0 ... 0 0.0 

Kansas 105 38,865 105 25,192 105 64.8 0 ... 13,487 105 34.7 0 ... 186 0.5 

Kentucky 120 287 120 50 120 17.4 0 120 0.0 237 120 82.6 0 ... 0 0.0 

Louisiana 64 6,862 64 2,609 64 38.0 0 ... 4,253 64 62.0 0 ... 0 0.0 

Maine 500 315 499 315 499 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Maryland 24 79,876 24 54,328 24 68.0 14,419 24 18.1 11,129 24 13.9 0 ... 0 0.0 

Massachusetts 351 12,920 351 3,288 351 25.4 0 ... 9,621 351 74.5 0 ... 11 0.1 

Michigan 83 2,675 83 1,190 83 44.5 0 ... 1,485 83 55.5 0 ... 0 0.0 

Minnesota 87 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Mississippi 82 22,478 48 13,483 41 60.0 1,291 14 5.7 5,722 39 25.5 113 1 0.5 1,869 8.3 

Missouri 116 6,393 116 1,882 113 29.4 0 ... 4,511 112 70.6 0 ... 0 0.0 

Montana 56 5,562 56 5,294 56 95.2 0 ... 268 56 4.8 0 ... 0 0.0 

Nebraska 93 15,130 93 11,871 92 78.5 0 ... 3,258 93 21.5 0 ... 1 0.0 

Nevada 17 8,329 17 3,468 17 41.6 0 ... 4,861 17 58.4 0 17 0.0 0 0.0 
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TABLE 34. PROVISIONAL BALLOTS SUBMITTED: DISPOSITION OF BALLOTS (CONTINUED)

State

Election 

Juris.

in Survey

Total Ballots 

Submitted

Provisional Ballots Submitted by Voters and Disposition Not Categorized

Balance

(See Notes) Counted Full Ballot Counted Part Ballot Rejected Ballot Other Disposition 

(See Comments)

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct

New Hampshire 320 0 320 0 320 ... 0 320 ... 0 320 ... 0 320 ... 0 ...

New Jersey 21 97,481 21 77,134 21 79.1 0 ... 13,081 21 13.4 7,266 21 7.5 0 0.0 

New Mexico 33 6,630 26 1,100 18 16.6 206 14 3.1 2,110 22 31.8 1,150 4 17.3 2,064 31.1 

New York 62 451,868 61 322,537 61 71.4 0 ... 129,227 61 28.6 0 ... 104 0.0 

North Carolina 100 51,192 100 18,041 100 35.2 5,321 100 10.4 27,830 100 54.4 0 ... 0 0.0 

North Dakota 53 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Ohio 88 208,087 88 171,626 88 82.5 2,139 88 1.0 34,322 88 16.5 0 ... 0 0.0 

Oklahoma 77 5,313 77 1,724 77 32.4 0 77 0.0 3,589 77 67.6 0 ... 0 0.0 

Oregon 36 1,771 36 57 36 3.2 1,639 36 92.5 75 36 4.2 0 ... 0 0.0 

Pennsylvania 67 49,000 67 17,221 67 35.1 11,521 67 23.5 20,258 67 41.3 0 ... 0 0.0 

Rhode Island 39 2,357 39 751 39 31.9 331 39 14.0 1,275 39 54.1 0 39 0.0 0 0.0 

South Carolina 46 5,473 23 3,365 23 61.5 0 ... 2,108 23 38.5 0 ... 0 0.0 

South Dakota 66 441 66 96 66 21.8 2 66 0.5 343 66 77.8 0 66 0.0 0 0.0 

Tennessee 95 7,089 95 1,623 95 22.9 0 95 0.0 5,466 95 77.1 0 ... 0 0.0 

Texas 254 50,787 254 9,046 254 17.8 0 ... 41,752 254 82.2 0 ... (11) (0.0)

Utah 29 53,483 29 43,283 29 80.9 0 ... 10,198 29 19.1 0 ... 2 0.0 

Vermont 246 19 227 13 103 68.4 0 101 0.0 5 103 26.3 1 30 5.3 0 0.0 

Virginia 134 12,862 134 0 ... 0 ... 8,096 134 62.9 4,766 134 37.1 0 0.0 

Washington 39 6,832 39 2,716 37 39.8 195 36 2.9 3,050 39 44.6 0 ... 871 12.7 

West Virginia 55 3,152 40 2,031 40 64.4 0 ... 1,121 40 35.6 0 ... 0 0.0 

Wisconsin 3,541 135 3,541 44 3,541 32.6 0 ... 77 3,541 57.0 32 3,541 23.7 (18) (13.3)

Wyoming 23 33 10 13 6 39.4 0 ... 20 6 60.6 0 ... 0 0.0 

American Samoa 1 0 1 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 ...

Guam 1 144 1 40 1 27.8 0 1 0.0 104 1 72.2 0 ... 0 0.0 

Puerto Rico 1 12,715 1 9,647 1 75.9 0 1 0.0 3,068 1 24.1 0 ... 0 0.0 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 2,702,470 7,652 1,790,294 7,200 66.2 180,571 1,480 6.7 651,372 7,012 24.1 67,603 4,191 2.5 12,630 0.5 

States Included 48 46 15 47 8 13 

Question E1a E1b E1c E1d E1e+f calc
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TABLE 34. PROVISIONAL BALLOTS SUBMITTED: DISPOSITION OF BALLOTS 

Questions E1, E2. Number of voters who submitted provisional ballots, disposition of the ballots, and the 

reason for rejected ballots.

General note: The Balance/Not Categorized column on the table compares the sum of all the categorical responses with the total indicated. 

If the balance is a positive number the difference is treated as uncategorized responses. If the balance is a negative number (indicated by the 

parentheses) the difference indicates the sum of the responses is greater than the total indicated; this could occur by an error in data entry or 

by the inability to correctly categorize some responses, resulting in some over-counting. 

Also, the term provisional is used here generically though the meaning, availability, and use will vary by State. 

Question E1:

Arkansas: One jurisdiction noted that one voter was removed by error for felony but provided information which the election commissioners accepted; one voter was registered under her maiden name. Another jurisdiction noted that the majority of rejected ballots were 

from those voters who said they registered at DMV or DHS, and the county had received no information of their registration. Upon verification with DMV, only 2 of the voters had actually registered. A third jurisdiction commented, “Per county election commissioner.” 

California: One jurisdiction stated that it does not differentiate between fully counted and partially counted ballots when the data is 

input into the computer. A second jurisdiction commented, “No provisional ballots – all mail ballot election.” 

Idaho: Idaho is not required to use provisional ballots due to Election Day Registration.

Florida: One jurisdiction reported that out of the 16 rejected provisional ballots, everyone but two received voter history (see E2 and F1h). 

Indiana: One jurisdiction stated, “Do not like provisional ballots.” Three jurisdictions explicitly noted that no provisional ballots were 

cast during the 2012 general election. One jurisdiction reported “the already voted was an individual who voted by traveling board 

first, and then someone took her to vote on Election Day (a family member). She had in fact already voted though and most likely forgot 

because of her age.” Another jurisdiction stated that most forms were incomplete even if the person was able to vote, and that forms are 

too complicated and poll workers don’t do them. One jurisdiction commented, “Less categories, we don’t know if they are registered 

out of state, even if they give Illinois ID.” Another jurisdiction commented, “Since we are the home to a large university, we had many 

students who were not registered but tried to vote. Instead of turning them away, we instruct our workers to provide them with a provisional ballot which is then reviewed by the election board.”

Maine: Municipal Clerks did not report figures in 11 jurisdictions. Kingsburg Plantation figures were included with Guilford. Hersey 

reported that it shares election workers with Moro Plantation. Edmunds Township figures were included with Dennysville. 

Mississippi: One jurisdiction noted that its courthouse burned on 1/17/2013. 

North Carolina: Two jurisdictions reported that the number of provisional ballots submitted do exceed the number of civilian absentee 

ballots transmitted. 

North Dakota: North Dakota does not have provisional balloting. 

New Hampshire: One jurisdiction commented, “Moderator challenged and rejected absentee ballots.”

New Mexico: Four jurisdictions reported they issued no provisional ballots. One jurisdiction indicated that all provisional ballots were 

rejected. Another jurisdiction commented, “Handwritten provisional Excel spreadsheet.” 

Ohio: One jurisdiction noted that Ohio permits a registered voter who moves anywhere in the state who fails to timely update his or her 

address to vote a ballot provisionally in the voter’s new precinct. 

Pennsylvania: Philadelphia County experienced a change in leadership in the twelve months leading up to the election. In addition, 

key staff members also retired during that timeframe. As a result, a sufficient knowledge transfer was not conducted thus leading to 

mistakes in processing SURE jobs, poll book production, and general administration issues. These factors lead to omissions from regular and supplemental poll books which contributed to the high number (26,983) of provisional ballots that were cast. After a thorough 

analysis, the county concluded that only 7,077 provisional ballots should have been issued. 

Virginia: VA does not collect stats on counted full vs. counted partial. General situation is full ballot 100% of the time.

Vermont: Three jurisdictions indicated they did not have any provisional ballots. Another jurisdiction commented that it does not usually need to offer provisional ballots as they have several State of Vermont affidavits; voters may use these to be reactivated or added on 

election day.

West Virginia: Fifteen jurisdictions commented, “County did not enter provisional ballot information into the Statewide Voter Registration System.”
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Question E2:

Arkansas: One jurisdiction stated, “No record of the voter having registered; the most common complaint from the voter is that he/

she registered to vote through “motor voter,” registered at D.F.A but those records were never received by the county clerk.” Another 

jurisdiction indicated that the voters counted in E2j said they registered at DMV or DHS; no records found of their registration. A third 

jurisdiction commented that most were from DMV. 

Arizona: One jurisdiction reported that for E2f the “ballot missing from envelope” total does not reflect 23 rejected ballots since these 

ballots were presumptively already counted at the polling location (i.e., fed through the optical scan reader as a regular ballot), so they 

cannot be considered a rejected provisional. Another jurisdiction stated, “The ‘Ballot missing from envelope’ total was (218) but this 

total is not included in the grand total of rejected ballots and not reported on our canvass since these ballots were presumptively already 

counted at the polling location (i.e., fed through the optical scan reader as a regular ballot), so they cannot be considered a provisional 

that would have been counted at central tabulation. For E2g (No signature), this total is not tracked separately and is instead included in 

the totals noted in E2e (Envelope and/or ballot was incomplete and/or illegible) and is categorized as ‘incomplete.’ For E2j (Not Eligible 

to Vote in this Election), this total includes voters who are registered (so therefore not proper to be part of E2a ‘Not Registered’) but registered AFTER the 29 day registration cutoff period prescribed for in Arizona State statute. As such, these voters were registered, but not 

eligible to participate or vote in this election.” A third jurisdiction noted that E2j refers to voters who registered after the statutory cutoff 

date; they are registered but not eligible to vote in the election. 

California: One jurisdiction indicated that E2j refers to voters not registered in county. A second jurisdiction noted that the E2a total 

includes voters registered in within the State but not within Humboldt County. A third jurisdiction indicated that they cannot tell if a 

voter is registered in another county in the State or any other State; therefore, E2a represents voters not registered in the county itself. 

Another jurisdiction reported that E3g and E3h are combined. A fifth jurisdiction noted that for E2a it does not check registration outside of the city, and for E2b these voters indicated an address within California but not in the county itself. One jurisdiction indicated it 

has an all-mail election and does not have provisional ballots. 

Idaho: Idaho is not required to use provisional ballots due to Election Day Registration.

Florida: One jurisdiction indicated that out of the 16 rejected provisional ballots, all but two received voter history (see E2 and F1h). A 

second jurisdiction reported that E2a represents a combination of “registered too late” and ineligible (not registered). Another jurisdiction commented, “Data: VR Report shows Statutory Rejection – Reasons do not match EAC choices. Here is the breakdown by statutory 

reason: Unable to establish eligibility: 1865, Signature of voter did not match: 38, Already voted Data: VR Report shows Statutory Rejection – Reasons do not match EAC choices. Here is the breakdown by statutory reason: Unable to establish eligibility: 1865, Signature of 

voter did not match: 38, Already voted early/absentee: 72, Wrong precinct: 368, Incorrect party for ballot: 0, Voter did not provide picture/signature ID: 4, Other: 1.” One jurisdiction stated, “They were all convicted felons.” 

Indiana: One jurisdiction indicated, “Poll Worker Error: failed to initial ballot cards.” A second jurisdiction stated that ballots had a 

cancelled/rejected status because of voter registration acknowledgement cards being returned. A third jurisdiction reported, “No Challenge Form. Military Submitted FWAB, but according to the Indiana Election Division they must submit an application first. Absentee 

envelope not signed. Initials missing from ballot.” Another jurisdiction commented that it did not have any uncounted provisional 

ballots. A fifth jurisdiction stated that “Did not have Indiana ID and would not surrender Texas driver’s license; they registered at a 

WorkOne agency.” Another jurisdiction indicated that ballots were not activated by a poll worker. One jurisdiction stated that three were 

rejected because the voters moved outside of the State of Indiana and were also proven to be registered in the State they now live in; one 

was rejected because the voter was deceased; 30 were FWAB that were not eligible to be counted because the voter had not submitted an 

absentee ballot application. Another jurisdiction indicated that a voter had voted at polls and did not think this vote counted, so she did 

provisional and check totals, and she had actually voted. One jurisdiction indicated that reasons included late registration, not enough 

information, no reason given, and more than one same name. One jurisdiction stated that other includes those reasons in fields (E2a, 

E2b, E2f, E2g, E2h, E2i, E2k, and E2m) that it was unable to capture as they pertain to the survey. Another jurisdiction commented that 

the provisional ballot information is filed away in the basement with its election materials; time constraints hindered workers’ ability 

to scour through the sealed envelopes to find the requested information. Three jurisdictions indicated “expired driver licenses,” “they 

came right after the polls closed,” and “registration cancelled or rejected, no initials on ballot,” respectively. 

Mississippi: One jurisdiction reported, “We had 579 provisional ballots – election already sealed.” 

North Carolina: All counties: For E2a, a provisional would not count if the voter is not registered in his or her county of residence.

North Dakota: North Dakota does not have provisional balloting. 

Pennsylvania: Twenty-eight counties commented, “Pennsylvania counties have the ability to select more than one rejection reason 

which was done in this case. As a result, the E2a though E2p can and will be greater than E1d.”

Texas: The “in the state” language makes the question Not Applicable for Texas counties. Provisional voting is at the county level would 

only check to see if the individual voter is eligible to vote within that county. 

Vermont: Three jurisdictions explicitly indicated no provisional ballots.

Washington: Ballots for voters who voted in the wrong jurisdiction were sent to the appropriate county for counting.
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 5 2

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 35A. PROVISIONAL BALLOTS SUBMITTED: DISPOSITION OF BALLOTS

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Ballots Rejected

Provisional Ballots Submitted by Voters and Disposition Not Categorized

Balance 

(See Notes)

Voter not Registered in 

State

Voter Registered but in 

Wrong Juristiction 

Voter Registered but in 

Wrong Precinct

Failure to Provide 

Sufficient Identification

Incomplete/Illegible

Envelope/Ballot

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

Alabama 67 4,409 47 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 4,409 100.0 

Alaska 1 245 1 67 1 27.3 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 6 1 2.4 115 1 46.9 57 23.3 

Arizona 15 33,022 15 12,481 15 37.8 159 9 0.5 10,979 13 33.2 1,330 13 4.0 2,496 12 7.6 5,577 16.9 

Arkansas 75 1,697 73 1,039 69 61.2 106 71 6.2 89 71 5.2 1 73 0.1 10 71 0.6 452 26.6 

California 58 177,753 55 113,671 43 63.9 3,509 28 2.0 85 20 0.0 4,660 27 2.6 2,121 36 1.2 53,707 30.2 

Colorado 64 9,870 64 5,001 64 50.7 2,562 64 26.0 0 ... 280 64 2.8 0 ... 2,027 20.5 

Connecticut 169 843 169 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 843 100.0 

Delaware 3 418 3 361 3 86.4 17 3 4.1 37 3 8.9 0 3 0.0 3 3 0.7 0 0.0 

District of Columbia 1 3,245 1 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 1,999 1 61.6 943 1 29.1 142 1 4.4 161 5.0 

Florida 67 18,106 67 10,305 63 56.9 304 40 1.7 2,905 54 16.0 137 41 0.8 236 37 1.3 4,219 23.3 

Georgia 159 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Hawaii 4 609 4 380 4 62.4 4 1 0.7 194 3 31.9 16 2 2.6 3 1 0.5 12 2.0 

Idaho 44 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Illinois 110 30,286 110 12,833 62 42.4 480 27 1.6 5,326 28 17.6 167 30 0.6 0 ... 11,480 37.9 

Indiana 92 3,997 76 232 46 5.8 1,247 56 31.2 546 51 13.7 452 58 11.3 108 50 2.7 1,412 35.3 

Iowa 99 865 99 0 99 0.0 0 99 0.0 0 99 0.0 414 99 47.9 0 99 0.0 451 52.1 

Kansas 105 13,487 105 3,768 105 27.9 6,057 105 44.9 302 105 2.2 525 105 3.9 205 105 1.5 2,630 19.5 

Kentucky 120 237 120 80 120 33.8 143 120 60.3 5 120 2.1 3 120 1.3 0 120 0.0 6 2.5 

Louisiana 64 4,253 64 1,912 64 45.0 560 64 13.2 41 64 1.0 0 ... 0 ... 1,740 40.9 

Maine 500 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Maryland 24 11,129 24 9,277 24 83.4 0 ... 0 ... 517 24 4.6 88 24 0.8 1,247 11.2 

Massachusetts 351 9,621 351 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 48 351 0.5 0 ... 9,573 99.5 

Michigan 83 1,485 83 90 83 6.1 339 83 22.8 183 83 12.3 709 83 47.7 0 ... 164 11.0 

Minnesota 87 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Mississippi 82 5,722 39 2,136 22 37.3 512 17 8.9 928 25 16.2 0 8 0.0 51 10 0.9 2,095 36.6 

Missouri 116 4,511 112 76 1 1.7 234 1 5.2 0 ... 2 1 0.0 56 114 1.2 4,143 91.8 

Montana 56 268 56 8 4 3.0 9 3 3.4 18 8 6.7 8 5 3.0 1 1 0.4 224 83.6 

Nebraska 93 3,258 93 0 ... 0 ... 852 93 26.2 0 ... 211 93 6.5 2,195 67.4 

Nevada 17 4,861 17 4,176 17 85.9 13 17 0.3 0 17 0.0 13 16 0.3 7 17 0.1 652 13.4 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 5 3

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 35A. PROVISIONAL BALLOTS SUBMITTED: DISPOSITION OF BALLOTS (CONTINUED)

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Ballots Rejected

Provisional Ballots Submitted by Voters and Disposition Not Categorized

Balance 

(See Notes)

Voter not Registered in 

State

Voter Registered but in 

Wrong Juristiction 

Voter Registered but in 

Wrong Precinct

Failure to Provide 

Sufficient Identification

Incomplete/Illegible

Envelope/Ballot

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

New Hampshire 320 0 320 2 320 ... 0 320 ... 0 320 ... 0 320 ... 0 320 ... (2) ...

New Jersey 21 13,081 21 0 ... 0 21 0.0 0 ... 85 21 0.6 0 ... 12,996 99.4 

New Mexico 33 2,110 22 436 19 20.7 408 14 19.3 12 9 0.6 0 10 0.0 12 10 0.6 1,242 58.9 

New York 62 129,227 61 0 ... 94,240 57 72.9 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 34,987 27.1 

North Carolina 100 27,830 100 20,056 100 72.1 69 100 0.2 0 100 0.0 691 100 2.5 260 100 0.9 6,754 24.3 

North Dakota 53 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Ohio 88 34,322 88 20,119 88 58.6 9,482 88 27.6 37 88 0.1 363 88 1.1 947 88 2.8 3,374 9.8 

Oklahoma 77 3,589 77 1,888 77 52.6 13 77 0.4 1,523 77 42.4 164 77 4.6 0 77 0.0 1 0.0 

Oregon 36 75 36 16 36 21.3 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 59 78.7 

Pennsylvania 67 20,258 67 15,045 67 74.3 3,681 67 18.2 789 67 3.9 0 ... 642 67 3.2 101 0.5 

Rhode Island 39 1,275 39 1,189 39 93.3 67 39 5.3 0 39 0.0 12 39 0.9 1 39 0.1 6 0.5 

South Carolina 46 2,108 23 38 3 1.8 59 5 2.8 1,299 10 61.6 27 6 1.3 259 3 12.3 426 20.2 

South Dakota 66 343 66 100 66 29.2 32 66 9.3 15 66 4.4 2 65 0.6 0 66 0.0 194 56.6 

Tennessee 95 5,466 95 3,439 95 62.9 215 95 3.9 286 95 5.2 416 95 7.6 384 95 7.0 726 13.3 

Texas 254 41,752 254 0 ... 2,823 218 6.8 3,645 215 8.7 71 215 0.2 579 216 1.4 34,634 83.0 

Utah 29 10,198 29 6,494 29 63.7 0 ... 2,018 29 19.8 1,195 29 11.7 156 29 1.5 335 3.3 

Vermont 246 5 103 2 107 40.0 5 104 100.0 0 101 0.0 0 101 0.0 0 101 0.0 (2) (40.0)

Virginia 134 8,096 134 107 35 1.3 68 32 0.8 32 28 0.4 13 24 0.2 5 25 0.1 7,871 97.2 

Washington 39 3,050 39 1,224 39 40.1 1,506 39 49.4 23 39 0.8 11 39 0.4 0 39 0.0 286 9.4 

West Virginia 55 1,121 40 194 40 17.3 0 ... 511 40 45.6 28 40 2.5 0 ... 388 34.6 

Wisconsin 3,541 77 3,541 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 77 100.0 

Wyoming 23 20 6 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 14 4 70.0 0 ... 6 30.0 

American Samoa 1 0 1 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 ...

Guam 1 104 1 71 1 68.3 0 1 0.0 24 1 23.1 9 1 8.7 0 1 0.0 0 0.0 

Puerto Rico 1 3,068 1 216 1 7.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 1 1 0.0 135 1 4.4 2,716 88.5 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 651,372 7,012 248,529 2,073 38.2 128,923 2,155 19.8 34,703 2,185 5.3 13,333 2,401 2.0 9,233 2,073 1.4 216,651 33.3 

States Included 47 37 31 29 35 27 44 

Question E1d E2a E2b E2c E2d E2e calc
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 5 4

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 35B. PROVISIONAL BALLOTS: REASONS FOR REJECTION, PART B

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Ballots Rejected

Provisional Ballots Rejected and Resaon, Part B Not Categorized

Balance 

(See Notes)

Ballot Missing from 

Envelope No Signature No-matching Signature Voter already Voted Other (See Comments)

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

Alabama 67 4,409 47 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 4,409 100.0 

Alaska 1 245 1 30 1 12.2 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 10 1 4.1 17 1 6.9 188 76.7 

Arizona 15 33,022 15 72 9 0.2 150 11 0.5 42 9 0.1 1,117 14 3.4 4,196 8 12.7 27,445 83.1 

Arkansas 75 1,697 73 4 71 0.2 1 71 0.1 0 71 0.0 20 71 1.2 213 18 12.6 1,459 86.0 

California 58 177,753 55 3,020 31 1.7 3,444 47 1.9 4,770 45 2.7 2,793 45 1.6 25,866 25 14.6 137,860 77.6 

Colorado 64 9,870 64 52 64 0.5 114 64 1.2 0 ... 704 64 7.1 1,157 64 11.7 7,843 79.5 

Connecticut 169 843 169 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 843 100.0 

Delaware 3 418 3 0 3 0.0 0 3 0.0 0 3 0.0 0 3 0.0 0 ... 418 100.0 

District of Columbia 1 3,245 1 23 1 0.7 80 1 2.5 0 1 0.0 58 1 1.8 0 1 0.0 3,084 95.0 

Florida 67 18,106 67 21 36 0.1 225 42 1.2 182 47 1.0 390 52 2.2 3,388 36 18.7 13,900 76.8 

Georgia 159 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Hawaii 4 609 4 4 1 0.7 1 1 0.2 0 ... 6 2 1.0 1 1 0.2 597 98.0 

Idaho 44 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Illinois 110 30,286 110 0 ... 15 12 0.0 8 10 0.0 0 ... 17,493 33 57.8 12,770 42.2 

Indiana 92 3,997 76 0 41 0.0 7 43 0.2 10 41 0.3 6 42 0.2 933 53 23.3 3,041 76.1 

Iowa 99 865 99 0 99 0.0 0 99 0.0 0 ... 101 99 11.7 350 99 40.5 414 47.9 

Kansas 105 13,487 105 0 ... 860 105 6.4 406 105 3.0 225 105 1.7 360 105 2.7 11,636 86.3 

Kentucky 120 237 120 0 120 0.0 1 120 0.4 0 120 0.0 0 120 0.0 5 5 2.1 231 97.5 

Louisiana 64 4,253 64 40 64 0.9 28 64 0.7 9 64 0.2 12 64 0.3 1,651 64 38.8 2,513 59.1 

Maine 500 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Maryland 24 11,129 24 101 24 0.9 660 24 5.9 0 ... 386 24 3.5 100 24 0.9 9,882 88.8 

Massachusetts 351 9,621 351 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 9,573 351 99.5 48 0.5 

Michigan 83 1,485 83 0 ... 39 83 2.6 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1,446 97.4 

Minnesota 87 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Mississippi 82 5,722 39 1 9 0.0 11 9 0.2 0 7 0.0 2 7 0.0 339 14 5.9 5,369 93.8 

Missouri 116 4,511 112 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 167 109 3.7 3,962 78 87.8 382 8.5 

Montana 56 268 56 4 3 1.5 120 10 44.8 47 5 17.5 27 6 10.1 26 6 9.7 44 16.4 

Nebraska 93 3,258 93 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 32 93 1.0 2,139 93 65.7 1,087 33.4 

Nevada 17 4,861 17 0 17 0.0 5 17 0.1 40 17 0.8 1 17 0.0 606 17 12.5 4,209 86.6 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 5 5

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 35B. PROVISIONAL BALLOTS: REASONS FOR REJECTION, PART B (CONTINUED)

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

 Ballots Rejected

Provisional Ballots Rejected and Reason, Part B Not Categorized

Balance

(See Notes)

Ballot Missing from 

Envelope No Signature Non-matching Signature Voter Already Voted Other (See Comments)

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

New Hampshire 320 0 320 0 320 ... 0 320 ... 0 320 ... 0 320 ... 0 320 ... 0 ...

New Jersey 21 13,081 21 0 ... 30 21 0.2 169 21 1.3 398 21 3.0 2,353 21 18.0 10,131 77.4 

New Mexico 33 2,110 22 0 10 0.0 2 9 0.1 0 9 0.0 4 9 0.2 462 6 21.9 1,642 77.8 

New York 62 129,227 61 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 13,859 61 10.7 115,368 89.3 

North Carolina 100 27,830 100 64 100 0.2 0 100 0.0 4 100 0.0 161 100 0.6 6,525 100 23.4 21,076 75.7 

North Dakota 53 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Ohio 88 34,322 88 197 88 0.6 2,026 88 5.9 242 88 0.7 793 88 2.3 116 88 0.3 30,948 90.2 

Oklahoma 77 3,589 77 0 77 0.0 0 77 0.0 0 77 0.0 1 77 0.0 0 ... 3,588 100.0 

Oregon 36 75 36 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 75 100.0 

Pennsylvania 67 20,258 67 0 ... 0 ... 22 67 0.1 441 67 2.2 3 67 0.0 19,792 97.7 

Rhode Island 39 1,275 39 0 39 0.0 0 39 0.0 0 39 0.0 6 39 0.5 0 39 0.0 1,269 99.5 

South Carolina 46 2,108 23 0 ... 55 5 2.6 0 ... 6 2 0.3 365 10 17.3 1,682 79.8 

South Dakota 66 343 66 0 66 0.0 3 66 0.9 0 66 0.0 0 66 0.0 1 66 0.3 339 98.8 

Tennessee 95 5,466 95 98 95 1.8 197 95 3.6 0 95 0.0 369 95 6.8 60 9 1.1 4,742 86.8 

Texas 254 41,752 254 37 215 0.1 79 216 0.2 20 214 0.0 222 214 0.5 0 ... 41,394 99.1 

Utah 29 10,198 29 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 264 29 2.6 0 ... 9,934 97.4 

Vermont 246 5 103 0 101 0.0 0 101 0.0 0 101 0.0 0 101 0.0 0 19 0.0 5 100.0 

Virginia 134 8,096 134 0 24 0.0 12 24 0.1 1 24 0.0 15 29 0.2 7,843 122 96.9 225 2.8 

Washington 39 3,050 39 2 39 0.1 15 39 0.5 34 39 1.1 75 39 2.5 160 4 5.2 2,764 90.6 

West Virginia 55 1,121 40 0 ... 0 ... 1 40 0.1 5 40 0.4 298 40 26.6 817 72.9 

Wisconsin 3,541 77 3,541 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 3,541 0.0 77 100.0 

Wyoming 23 20 6 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1 1 5.0 5 3 25.0 14 70.0 

American Samoa 1 0 1 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 ...

Guam 1 104 1 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 ... 104 100.0 

Puerto Rico 1 3,068 1 0 1 0.0 222 1 7.2 0 1 0.0 47 1 1.5 2,447 1 79.8 352 11.5 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 651,372 7,012 3,770 1,771 0.6 8,402 2,030 1.3 6,007 1,849 0.9 8,865 2,279 1.4 106,872 5,614 16.4 517,456 79.4 

States Included 47 17 27 17 34 34 47 

Question E1d E2f E2g E2h E2i E2j:p calc
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 5 6

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 35B. PROVISIONAL BALLOTS: REASONS FOR REJECTION, PART B

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

 Ballots Rejected

Provisional Ballots Rejected and Reason, Part B Not Categorized

Balance

(See Notes)

Ballot Missing from 

Envelope No Signature Non-matching Signature Voter Already Voted Other (See Comments)

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

Alabama 67 4,409 47 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 4,409 100.0 

Alaska 1 245 1 30 1 12.2 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 10 1 4.1 17 1 6.9 188 76.7 

Arizona 15 33,022 15 72 9 0.2 150 11 0.5 42 9 0.1 1,117 14 3.4 4,196 8 12.7 27,445 83.1 

Arkansas 75 1,697 73 4 71 0.2 1 71 0.1 0 71 0.0 20 71 1.2 213 18 12.6 1,459 86.0 

California 58 177,753 55 3,020 31 1.7 3,444 47 1.9 4,770 45 2.7 2,793 45 1.6 25,866 25 14.6 137,860 77.6 

Colorado 64 9,870 64 52 64 0.5 114 64 1.2 0 ... 704 64 7.1 1,157 64 11.7 7,843 79.5 

Connecticut 169 843 169 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 843 100.0 

Delaware 3 418 3 0 3 0.0 0 3 0.0 0 3 0.0 0 3 0.0 0 ... 418 100.0 

District of Columbia 1 3,245 1 23 1 0.7 80 1 2.5 0 1 0.0 58 1 1.8 0 1 0.0 3,084 95.0 

Florida 67 18,106 67 21 36 0.1 225 42 1.2 182 47 1.0 390 52 2.2 3,388 36 18.7 13,900 76.8 

Georgia 159 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Hawaii 4 609 4 4 1 0.7 1 1 0.2 0 ... 6 2 1.0 1 1 0.2 597 98.0 

Idaho 44 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Illinois 110 30,286 110 0 ... 15 12 0.0 8 10 0.0 0 ... 17,493 33 57.8 12,770 42.2 

Indiana 92 3,997 76 0 41 0.0 7 43 0.2 10 41 0.3 6 42 0.2 933 53 23.3 3,041 76.1 

Iowa 99 865 99 0 99 0.0 0 99 0.0 0 ... 101 99 11.7 350 99 40.5 414 47.9 

Kansas 105 13,487 105 0 ... 860 105 6.4 406 105 3.0 225 105 1.7 360 105 2.7 11,636 86.3 

Kentucky 120 237 120 0 120 0.0 1 120 0.4 0 120 0.0 0 120 0.0 5 5 2.1 231 97.5 

Louisiana 64 4,253 64 40 64 0.9 28 64 0.7 9 64 0.2 12 64 0.3 1,651 64 38.8 2,513 59.1 

Maine 500 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Maryland 24 11,129 24 101 24 0.9 660 24 5.9 0 ... 386 24 3.5 100 24 0.9 9,882 88.8 

Massachusetts 351 9,621 351 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 9,573 351 99.5 48 0.5 

Michigan 83 1,485 83 0 ... 39 83 2.6 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1,446 97.4 

Minnesota 87 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Mississippi 82 5,722 39 1 9 0.0 11 9 0.2 0 7 0.0 2 7 0.0 339 14 5.9 5,369 93.8 

Missouri 116 4,511 112 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 167 109 3.7 3,962 78 87.8 382 8.5 

Montana 56 268 56 4 3 1.5 120 10 44.8 47 5 17.5 27 6 10.1 26 6 9.7 44 16.4 

Nebraska 93 3,258 93 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 32 93 1.0 2,139 93 65.7 1,087 33.4 

Nevada 17 4,861 17 0 17 0.0 5 17 0.1 40 17 0.8 1 17 0.0 606 17 12.5 4,209 86.6 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 5 7

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 35B. PROVISIONAL BALLOTS: REASONS FOR REJECTION, PART B (CONTINUED)

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

 Ballots Rejected

Provisional Ballots Rejected and Reason, Part B Not Categorized

Balance

(See Notes)

Ballot Missing from 

Envelope No Signature Non-matching Signature Voter Already Voted Other (See Comments)

Total Cases Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

New Hampshire 320 0 320 0 320 ... 0 320 ... 0 320 ... 0 320 ... 0 320 ... 0 ...

New Jersey 21 13,081 21 0 ... 30 21 0.2 169 21 1.3 398 21 3.0 2,353 21 18.0 10,131 77.4 

New Mexico 33 2,110 22 0 10 0.0 2 9 0.1 0 9 0.0 4 9 0.2 462 6 21.9 1,642 77.8 

New York 62 129,227 61 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 13,859 61 10.7 115,368 89.3 

North Carolina 100 27,830 100 64 100 0.2 0 100 0.0 4 100 0.0 161 100 0.6 6,525 100 23.4 21,076 75.7 

North Dakota 53 0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ...

Ohio 88 34,322 88 197 88 0.6 2,026 88 5.9 242 88 0.7 793 88 2.3 116 88 0.3 30,948 90.2 

Oklahoma 77 3,589 77 0 77 0.0 0 77 0.0 0 77 0.0 1 77 0.0 0 ... 3,588 100.0 

Oregon 36 75 36 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 75 100.0 

Pennsylvania 67 20,258 67 0 ... 0 ... 22 67 0.1 441 67 2.2 3 67 0.0 19,792 97.7 

Rhode Island 39 1,275 39 0 39 0.0 0 39 0.0 0 39 0.0 6 39 0.5 0 39 0.0 1,269 99.5 

South Carolina 46 2,108 23 0 ... 55 5 2.6 0 ... 6 2 0.3 365 10 17.3 1,682 79.8 

South Dakota 66 343 66 0 66 0.0 3 66 0.9 0 66 0.0 0 66 0.0 1 66 0.3 339 98.8 

Tennessee 95 5,466 95 98 95 1.8 197 95 3.6 0 95 0.0 369 95 6.8 60 9 1.1 4,742 86.8 

Texas 254 41,752 254 37 215 0.1 79 216 0.2 20 214 0.0 222 214 0.5 0 ... 41,394 99.1 

Utah 29 10,198 29 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 264 29 2.6 0 ... 9,934 97.4 

Vermont 246 5 103 0 101 0.0 0 101 0.0 0 101 0.0 0 101 0.0 0 19 0.0 5 100.0 

Virginia 134 8,096 134 0 24 0.0 12 24 0.1 1 24 0.0 15 29 0.2 7,843 122 96.9 225 2.8 

Washington 39 3,050 39 2 39 0.1 15 39 0.5 34 39 1.1 75 39 2.5 160 4 5.2 2,764 90.6 

West Virginia 55 1,121 40 0 ... 0 ... 1 40 0.1 5 40 0.4 298 40 26.6 817 72.9 

Wisconsin 3,541 77 3,541 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 3,541 0.0 77 100.0 

Wyoming 23 20 6 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1 1 5.0 5 3 25.0 14 70.0 

American Samoa 1 0 1 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 1 ... 0 ...

Guam 1 104 1 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 1 0.0 0 ... 104 100.0 

Puerto Rico 1 3,068 1 0 1 0.0 222 1 7.2 0 1 0.0 47 1 1.5 2,447 1 79.8 352 11.5 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 651,372 7,012 3,770 1,771 0.6 8,402 2,030 1.3 6,007 1,849 0.9 8,865 2,279 1.4 106,872 5,614 16.4 517,456 79.4 

States Included 47 17 27 17 34 34 47 

Question E1d E2f E2g E2h E2i E2j:p calc
U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 5 8

TABLE 35. PROVISIONAL BALLOTS: REASONS FOR REJECTION, PARTS A AND B 

Question E2, Number of provisional ballots rejected and the reason for rejection. [This table is broken into 

parts due to the large number of reasons tabulated.] 

General note: The Balance/Not Categorized column on the table compares the sum of all the categorical responses with the total indicated. 

If the balance is a positive number the difference is treated as uncategorized responses. If the balance is a negative number (indicated by the 

parentheses) the difference indicates the sum of the responses is greater than the total indicated; this could occur by an error in data entry or 

by the inability to correctly categorize some responses, resulting in some over-counting. 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 5 9

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 36. USE OF ELECTRONIC POLL BOOKS/LISTS AT THE POLLING PLACE

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Total of 

Voters

Participating

Cases

Sign Voters In Update Vote History Lookup Polling Places Other Use (See Comments)

Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No

Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases

Alabama 67 2,083,309 67 0 2,083,309 67 0 2,083,309 67 0 2,083,309 67 0 0 

Alaska 1 302,465 1 0 302,465 1 0 302,465 1 0 302,465 1 0 0 

Arizona 15 2,323,579 15 143,789 2 2,179,790 13 143,789 2 2,179,790 13 21,823 1 2,301,756 14 0 932,743 14 

Arkansas 75 1,080,809 75 115,236 8 965,573 67 73,661 3 1,007,148 72 120,432 6 960,377 69 0 1,080,809 75 

California 58 13,096,097 57 142,493 2 12,828,688 51 296,416 3 12,617,093 49 718,743 6 12,315,020 48 0 8,605,732 35 

Colorado 64 2,594,628 64 1,150,149 17 1,444,479 47 1,194,353 20 1,398,822 42 154,808 8 2,439,820 56 961,997 10 1,632,631 54 

Connecticut 169 1,560,640 169 0 1,560,640 169 0 1,560,640 169 0 1,560,640 169 0 1,560,640 169 

Delaware 3 417,631 3 0 417,631 3 0 417,631 3 0 417,631 3 0 417,631 3 

District of Columbia 1 294,254 1 0 294,254 1 0 294,254 1 294,254 1 0 0 0 

Florida 67 8,557,692 67 4,714,439 40 3,843,253 27 4,574,929 40 3,982,763 27 5,972,288 39 2,585,404 28 1,222,293 6 6,833,922 59 

Georgia 159 3,910,557 159 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Hawaii 4 436,774 4 0 436,774 4 0 436,774 4 0 436,774 4 0 372,871 3 

Idaho 44 666,290 44 0 666,290 44 0 666,290 44 0 666,290 44 0 0 

Illinois 110 5,339,488 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Indiana 92 2,663,373 92 239,375 7 2,423,998 85 239,375 7 2,423,998 85 0 0 0 0 

Iowa 99 1,589,951 99 957,491 53 632,460 46 957,491 53 632,460 46 957,491 53 632,460 46 0 0 

Kansas 105 1,115,281 105 534,987 44 63,892 10 464,048 32 129,224 22 487,321 30 107,805 23 20,173 5 520,335 39 

Kentucky 120 1,815,896 120 0 1,815,896 120 0 1,815,896 120 0 1,815,896 120 0 1,815,896 120 

Louisiana 64 2,014,511 64 0 2,014,511 64 0 2,014,511 64 0 2,014,511 64 0 2,014,511 64 

Maine 500 724,759 500 0 724,759 500 0 724,759 500 0 724,759 500 0 724,759 500 

Maryland 24 2,734,189 24 2,734,189 24 0 2,734,189 24 0 2,734,189 24 0 2,734,189 24 0 

Massachusetts 351 3,184,196 351 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Michigan 83 4,780,701 83 4,744,484 78 36,217 5 4,744,484 78 36,217 5 4,744,484 78 36,217 5 0 4,780,701 83 

Minnesota 87 2,950,780 87 0 2,950,780 87 0 2,950,780 87 0 2,950,780 87 0 2,950,780 87 

Mississippi 82 889,914 58 24,364 4 809,875 53 793 1 826,546 55 66,835 2 754,209 53 17,727 2 237,226 16 

Missouri 116 2,840,776 116 878,518 28 1,923,020 84 682,992 17 2,135,897 96 1,771,587 30 1,033,365 82 510,357 5 1,159,740 42 

Montana 56 491,966 56 0 491,966 56 0 491,966 56 0 491,966 56 0 0 

Nebraska 93 815,568 93 0 815,568 93 0 815,568 93 0 815,568 93 0 815,568 93 

Nevada 17 1,017,772 17 0 1,017,772 17 0 1,017,772 17 0 1,017,772 17 0 1,017,772 17 
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TABLE 36. USE OF ELECTRONIC POLL BOOKS/LISTS AT THE POLLING PLACE (CONTINUED)

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Total of 

Voters

Participating

Cases

Sign Voters In Update Vote History Lookup Polling Places Other Use (See Comments)

Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No

Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases

New

Hampshire 320 718,700 320 0 718,700 320 0 718,700 320 718,700 320 0 0 718,700 320 

New Jersey 21 3,677,463 21 0 3,677,463 21 0 3,677,463 21 0 3,677,463 21 0 3,677,463 21 

New Mexico 33 679,080 26 376,874 9 163,093 11 98,923 6 441,044 13 89,582 5 450,385 14 271,927 1 40,964 6 

New York 62 7,128,852 62 0 7,128,852 62 0 7,128,852 62 0 7,128,852 62 0 0 

North 

Carolina 100 4,539,729 100 4,539,729 100 0 4,539,729 100 0 4,539,729 100 0 4,539,729 100 0 

North Dakota 53 326,239 53 210,254 8 115,985 45 0 326,239 53 198,489 7 127,750 46 0 326,239 53 

Ohio 88 5,632,423 88 1,140,143 7 4,492,280 81 1,375,608 10 4,256,815 78 1,444,388 10 4,188,035 78 0 5,632,423 88 

Oklahoma 77 1,343,380 77 0 1,343,380 77 0 1,343,380 77 0 1,343,380 77 0 1,343,380 77 

Oregon 36 1,820,507 36 0 1,820,507 36 0 1,820,507 36 0 1,820,507 36 0 1,820,507 36 

Pennsylvania 67 5,783,621 67 0 5,783,621 67 0 5,783,621 67 0 5,783,621 67 0 0 

Rhode Island 39 451,593 39 0 451,593 39 0 451,593 39 0 451,593 39 0 451,593 39 

South 

Carolina 46 1,981,516 46 1,742,248 29 239,268 17 1,742,248 29 239,268 17 1,742,248 29 239,268 17 0 0 

South Dakota 66 368,816 66 24,513 5 344,303 61 23,535 4 345,281 62 14,546 4 354,270 62 21,542 2 347,274 64 

Tennessee 95 2,480,182 95 451,468 3 2,028,714 92 438,634 2 2,041,548 93 894,254 6 1,585,928 89 256,796 2 2,223,386 93 

Texas 254 7,993,851 254 4,252,658 156 2,664,599 79 4,252,658 156 2,664,599 79 4,252,658 156 2,664,599 79 0 0 

Utah 29 1,023,036 29 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Vermont 246 304,509 245 17,892 19 277,873 215 36,989 22 255,720 208 91,626 30 199,605 198 31,551 12 158,821 144 

Virginia 134 3,896,846 134 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

Washington 39 3,206,490 39 0 3,206,490 39 0 3,206,490 39 0 3,206,490 39 0 3,206,490 39 

West Virginia 55 685,099 55 7,161 1 677,938 54 0 685,099 55 7,161 1 677,938 54 0 685,099 55 

Wisconsin 3,541 3,078,135 3,541 0 3,078,135 3,541 0 3,078,135 3,541 0 3,078,135 3,541 0 3,078,135 3,541 

Wyoming 23 250,701 23 0 250,701 23 0 250,701 23 0 250,701 23 0 250,701 23 

American 

Samoa 1 13,167 1 13,167 1 0 13,167 1 0 13,167 1 0 13,167 1 0 

Guam 1 34,075 1 0 34,075 1 0 34,075 1 0 34,075 1 0 34,075 1 

Puerto Rico 1 1,878,969 1 0 1,878,969 1 0 1,878,969 1 0 1,878,969 1 0 1,878,969 1 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 131,590,825 8,120 29,155,621 645 83,120,399 6,596 28,628,011 610 83,590,672 6,623 32,050,803 947 77,606,358 6,193 10,601,448 170 63,348,486 6,074 

States Included 23 46 21 46 24 43 12 35 

Question F1a f4a_y f4a_n f4b_y f4b_n f4c_y f4c_n f4d_y f4d_n
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 6 1

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TABLE 36. USE OF ELECTRONIC POLL BOOKS/LISTS AT THE POLLING PLACE 

Questions F1, F4. Use of electronic poll books at the polling place and the number of voters participating in 

these polling places. 

General note: The Balance/Not Categorized column on the table compares the sum of all the categorical responses with the total indicated. 

If the balance is a positive number the difference is treated as uncategorized responses. If the balance is a negative number (indicated by the 

parentheses) the difference indicates the sum of the responses is greater than the total indicated; this could occur by an error in data entry or 

by the inability to correctly categorize some responses, resulting in some over-counting. 

Question F4:

Arkansas: sing electronic poll book was new for Perry County; two polling places in this jurisdiction used electronic poll books to sign 

voters in.

Arizona: One jurisdiction commented in reference to F4c that laptops were used with voter registration to look up voters. Pinal County 

did not use electronic poll books in the 2012 general election cycle. 

California: One jurisdiction commented that only three of its polling places used electronic poll books; the remaining 95 polling places 

used paper rosters. Another jurisdiction reported that an electronic list was used for early voting only. A third jurisdiction indicated, “All 

mail ballot election.” A fourth jurisdiction reported using electronic poll books in 60 of 144 precincts; in each case, a signature was captured on a paper poll book. Sonoma County provided precinct officers a Palm Pilot (Election Assistant) to help voters locate their correct 

polling location for voters; there is no data collected on these devices.

Colorado: One county stated, “Principal use of electronic poll books is to print signature card labels, which in turn gives voter credit for 

voting at polling place. The voting credit data was then exported from electronic poll books and uploaded into the statewide voter registration system, effectively updating voter history. Electronic poll books were programmed for the entire county, so they could also be 

used to direct voters to correct precinct or clerk’s office, if appropriate (e.g., poll book reflected mail-in ballot was sent to voter, etc.).”

Illinois: Two jurisdictions commented that electronic poll lists are used in “some” or “a few” polling places.

Florida: Three jurisdictions stated they used electronic lists or poll books during early voting to sign in voters and update voter history 

but not on election day. One of these jurisdictions also stated that Palm Pilots are used on election day. A different jurisdiction stated 

that it used a voter focus counter program for Early Voting only. One jurisdiction stated that it used EVIDs at five precincts; for the three 

remaining counties it used a paper precinct register, but used an EVID during early voting. Another jurisdiction specified that EVID 

machines were used for voter look up, check-in, voter signature and to tabulate history. One jurisdiction simply indicated, “VR – EviDs.” 

Another jurisdiction stated that laptops with complete county rolls are provided to each polling place to expedite voter lookup on election day and reduce the necessity for calls to the office. One jurisdiction stated that electronic poll books were only used in four out of 16 

precincts. Another jurisdiction simply indicated, “Look up voter’s eligibility.”

Indiana: The State is aware that some counties set up PCs at polling locations to allow staff or voters to look up polling locations on the 

SVRS Public Portal (www.indianavoters.com). They used the public portal to reduce security concerns, rather than setting up a PC 

linked to SVRS. However, the State did not collect this information as part of the 2012 General Election survey. Additionally, in the State 

of Indiana, Electronic Poll Books refer to a jurisdiction utilizing Vote Centers. In these counties, “at the polling place” refers to “at the 

Vote Center locations.”

Michigan: Electronic Poll books and lists of voters are utilized in 80% of precincts.

Missouri: One jurisdiction indicated that electronic poll books are used at two polling locations, and another jurisdiction reported 

using electronic poll books at eight out of 15 polling locations. Two jurisdictions reported using Palm Pilots to verify voter status. 

Mississippi: One jurisdiction commented that the poll books and sign-in sheets are not electronic. Another jurisdiction stated, “Call 

Circuit Clerk office and they were told where to go.”

New Mexico: One jurisdiction stated that it only uses a ballot on demand and the IPower for early voting and absentee, not for election 

day polling places. 

New York: Not yet accommodated in current statutes. 

Ohio: One jurisdiction reported using an electronic poll book in one of its 474 polling places. A second jurisdiction indicated, “Not in 

every precinct.” 

Puerto Rico: Puerto Rico used paper voter rolls that voters sign in at the polling station after showing their Voter Identification card, 

and then they are provided with their paper ballots. According to Joint Resolution No. 44 of June 3, 2011, the State Election Commission 

has a mandate to adopt and implement a statewide optical scanning vote counting system complemented with an electronic poll book 

system. 
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Vermont: One jurisdiction commented that voter history was updated electronically but not at the polling places and not on the day 

of the election. Another jurisdiction stated that all voters are checked in manually from its checklist. A third jurisdiction reported that 

the internet was not available at the polling location, while another jurisdiction stated, “Nothing electronic at the polling place.” One 

jurisdiction stated that an electronic list was used to research and evaluate if a voter had been removed from the checklist. Another 

jurisdiction simply commented, “We use an entrance and exit checklist.” 

Washington: We do not have poll sites. Our voting centers are countywide. Any voters on the accessible voting units would be looked up 

in the voter registration system to see if they have already returned a ballot before voting.
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TABLE 37. SOURCE OF POLL BOOKS USED AT THE POLLING PLACE

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Total of

Voters

Participating

Cases

State Printed Poll Books 

and Shipped to 

Jurisdiction

Jurisdiction Arranged for

Printing of Poll Books

Combination of State and

Local Jurisdiction Information Unavailable Other or None Indicated(See Comments)

Not Categorized

Balance

(See Notes)

Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

Alabama 67 2,083,309 67 0 ... 2,083,309 67 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Alaska 1 302,465 1 302,465 1 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Arizona 15 2,323,579 15 0 ... 2,179,790 13 93.8 0 ... 0 ... 143,789 2 6.2 0 0.0 

Arkansas 75 1,080,809 75 0 ... 1,040,656 73 96.3 0 ... 24,522 1 2.3 15,631 1 1.4 0 0.0 

California 58 13,096,097 57 0 ... 12,879,672 51 98.3 0 ... 12,624 3 0.1 203,801 3 1.6 0 0.0 

Colorado 64 2,594,628 64 0 ... 2,594,628 64 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Connecticut 169 1,560,640 169 0 ... 1,560,640 169 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Delaware 3 417,631 3 0 ... 0 ... 417,631 3 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

District of Columbia 1 294,254 1 0 ... 294,254 1 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Florida 67 8,557,692 67 0 ... 7,038,699 54 82.2 0 ... 1,058,750 3 12.4 460,243 10 5.4 0 0.0 

Georgia 159 3,910,557 159 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 3,910,557 159 100.0 0 0.0 

Hawaii 4 436,774 4 436,774 4 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Idaho 44 666,290 44 0 ... 666,290 44 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Illinois 110 5,339,488 110 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 5,339,488 110 100.0 0 0.0 

Indiana 92 2,663,373 92 0 ... 2,663,373 92 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Iowa 99 1,589,951 99 0 ... 1,589,951 99 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Kansas 105 1,115,281 105 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1,115,281 105 100.0 0 0.0 

Kentucky 120 1,815,896 120 1,815,896 120 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Louisiana 64 2,014,511 64 2,014,511 64 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Maine 500 724,759 500 1,430 17 0.2 723,329 483 99.8 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Maryland 24 2,734,189 24 0 ... 2,734,189 24 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Massachusetts 351 3,184,196 351 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 3,184,196 351 100.0 0 0.0 

Michigan 83 4,780,701 83 0 ... 0 ... 4,780,701 83 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Minnesota 87 2,950,780 87 1,293,451 13 43.8 1,657,329 74 56.2 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Mississippi 82 889,914 58 0 ... 878,172 56 98.7 6,900 1 0.8 0 ... 4,842 1 0.5 0 0.0 

Missouri 116 2,840,776 116 18,541 1 0.7 2,322,009 105 81.7 0 ... 66,843 3 2.4 433,383 7 15.3 0 0.0 

Montana 56 491,966 56 0 ... 491,966 56 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Nebraska 93 815,568 93 0 ... 815,568 93 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Nevada 17 1,017,772 17 0 ... 1,017,772 17 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 6 4

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TABLE 37. SOURCE OF POLL BOOKS USED AT THE POLLING PLACE (CONTINUED)

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Total of

Voters

Participating

Cases

State Printed Poll Books 

and Shipped to 

Jurisdiction

Jurisdiction Arranged for

Printing of Poll Books

Combination of State and

Local Jurisdiction Information Unavailable Other or None Indicated(See Comments)

Not Categorized

Balance

(See Notes)

Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Cases Pct. Total Pct.

New Hampshire 320 718,700 320 0 ... 718,700 320 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

New Jersey 21 3,677,463 21 0 ... 3,677,463 21 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

New Mexico 33 679,080 26 607 1 0.1 205,287 14 30.2 0 ... 10,685 1 1.6 462,501 10 68.1 0 0.0 

New York 62 7,128,852 62 0 ... 7,128,852 62 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

North Carolina 100 4,539,729 100 0 ... 4,204,769 92 92.6 0 ... 0 ... 334,960 8 7.4 0 0.0 

North Dakota 53 326,239 53 0 ... 235,170 50 72.1 0 ... 11,765 1 3.6 79,304 2 24.3 0 0.0 

Ohio 88 5,632,423 88 0 ... 5,632,423 88 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Oklahoma 77 1,343,380 77 0 ... 1,343,380 77 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Oregon 36 1,820,507 36 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1,820,507 36 100.0 0 0.0 

Pennsylvania 67 5,783,621 67 0 ... 5,783,621 67 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Rhode Island 39 451,593 39 0 ... 451,593 39 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

South Carolina 46 1,981,516 46 1,981,516 46 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

South Dakota 66 368,816 66 0 ... 368,816 66 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Tennessee 95 2,480,182 95 0 ... 2,480,182 95 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Texas 254 7,993,851 254 0 ... 7,993,851 254 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Utah 29 1,023,036 29 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 1,023,036 29 100.0 0 0.0 

Vermont 246 304,509 245 5,295 6 1.7 250,473 187 82.3 10,678 12 3.5 33,496 33 11.0 4,567 7 1.5 0 0.0 

Virginia 134 3,896,846 134 0 ... 3,896,846 134 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Washington 39 3,206,490 39 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 3,206,490 39 100.0 0 ... 0 0.0 

West Virginia 55 685,099 55 0 ... 655,816 53 95.7 0 ... 0 ... 29,283 2 4.3 0 0.0 

Wisconsin 3,541 3,078,135 3,541 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 3,078,135 3,541 100.0 0 0.0 

Wyoming 23 250,701 23 0 ... 250,701 23 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

American Samoa 1 13,167 1 0 ... 13,167 1 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Guam 1 34,075 1 0 ... 34,075 1 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Puerto Rico 1 1,878,969 1 1,878,969 1 100.0 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 ... 0 0.0 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 131,590,825 8,120 9,749,455 274 7.4 90,556,781 3,279 68.8 5,215,910 99 4.0 4,425,175 84 3.4 21,643,504 4,384 16.4 0 0.0 

States Included 11 38 4 8 18 0 

Question F1a F6.1 F6.2 F6.3 F6.4 F6.rem calc
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TABLE 37. SOURCE OF POLL BOOKS USED AT THE POLLING PLACE 

Questions F1, F6. Source of poll books used at the polling place and the number of voters participating in 

these polling places

General note: The Balance/Not Categorized column on the table compares the sum of all the categorical responses with the total indicated. 

If the balance is a positive number the difference is treated as uncategorized responses. If the balance is a negative number (indicated by the 

parentheses) the difference indicates the sum of the responses is greater than the total indicated; this could occur by an error in data entry or 

by the inability to correctly categorize some responses, resulting in some over-counting. 

Question F6:

Alaska: The State of Alaska conducts federal and state elections and the poll books were provided directly to the poll workers by the 

state.

Arkansas: One jurisdiction indicated it does not use printed books. Two jurisdictions reported that the County Clerk’s Office prints poll 

books. 

California: One jurisdiction commented, “No polls.” Another jurisdiction stated that poll books are printed by a local vendor. A third 

jurisdiction stated that poll books are printed in-house. One jurisdiction indicated, “All mail ballot election.” 

District of Columbia: District prints poll books and operates the polling places. 

Florida: One jurisdiction reported that it printed its poll registers in-house. A second jurisdiction reported that its three largest precincts used EViDs (electronic poll books) while the remaining precincts used printed poll books on election day; early voting used 

EViDs. Another jurisdiction indicated that printed poll books were not used at the polls. 

Maryland: Printed poll books were used as a backup to electronic poll books. 

Maine: Seventeen jurisdictions commented, “Municipality lacks internet connection.” 

Michigan: Counties purchase poll books designed by State from commercial vendors and supply to local jurisdictions.

Missouri: One jurisdiction indicated, “Backup for epollbook only.” Another jurisdiction stated that poll books were printed from MCVR 

in County Clerk’s Office. One jurisdiction also stated that these are printed by the County Clerk’s office, while a different jurisdiction 

stated that it prints out of MCVER. Five jurisdictions stated that they print their poll books in-house. 

Mississippi: One jurisdiction reported that poll books were printed for all precincts in the Circuit Clerk’s office. 

New Mexico: One jurisdiction commented that signature rosters are printed at the county level. 

Virginia: State provided ready PDF files to jurisdictions.

Vermont: One jurisdiction stated that printed lists of registered voters are used. A second jurisdiction noted that the checklist prints 

directly from the voter registration database. A third jurisdiction reported using paper ballots that go through its Accuvote system 

(machine), which prints the totals at the close of the voting day; they are supposed to correspond to the number of voters checked off 

the voter checklist. One jurisdiction commented, “Checklist,” and another reported no poll books. Another jurisdiction reported that 

a list is run from State website and printed in local office. Six jurisdictions stated that town checklists are printed from Statewide HAVA 

checklist. Two jurisdictions reported not using poll books, though one stated this is only true if these do not refer to voter checklists. 

Similarly, one jurisdiction commented, “Not a ‘poll book.’ It was a checklist.” One jurisdiction stated that the town printed poll books. 

Another jurisdiction reported that the only printing the State provides is the ballots. Election officials reported printing and distributing 

checklists themselves. 

Washington: Printed poll books not used. 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 6 6

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TABLE 38. FIRST-TIME MAIL REGISTRANTS; USE OF PRINTED REGISTRATION LISTS AT THE POLLING PLACE

State

Election 

Jurisdiction 

in Survey

Total of 

Voters 

Participating

Cases

Number of First-time Mail 

Registrants (Voted or Not)

Use of Printed Lists at the Polls

Yes No Info. Unavailable

Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases

Alabama 67 2,083,309 67 0 2,083,309 67 0 0 

Alaska 1 302,465 1 0 302,465 1 0 0 

Arizona 15 2,323,579 15 0 2,179,790 13 143,789 2 0 

Arkansas 75 1,080,809 75 1,660 14 1,040,656 73 40,153 2 0 

California 58 13,096,097 57 13,737 36 12,889,818 52 656 1 1,822 1 

Colorado 64 2,594,628 64 0 1,551,434 47 1,043,194 17 0 

Connecticut 169 1,560,640 169 0 1,560,640 169 0 0 

Delaware 3 417,631 3 0 417,631 3 0 0 

District of Columbia 1 294,254 1 756 1 294,254 1 0 0 

Florida 67 8,557,692 67 3,857 54 6,573,560 50 1,984,132 17 0 

Georgia 159 3,910,557 159 0 0 0 0 

Hawaii 4 436,774 4 24 1 436,774 4 0 0 

Idaho 44 666,290 44 0 666,290 44 0 0 

Illinois 110 5,339,488 110 0 0 0 0 

Indiana 92 2,663,373 92 11,754 92 2,423,998 85 239,375 7 0 

Iowa 99 1,589,951 99 0 1,589,951 99 0 0 

Kansas 105 1,115,281 105 0 484,618 35 108,295 19 519,520 50 

Kentucky 120 1,815,896 120 0 1,815,896 120 0 0 

Louisiana 64 2,014,511 64 70,106 64 2,014,511 64 0 0 

Maine 500 724,759 500 4,101 500 724,759 500 0 0 

Maryland 24 2,734,189 24 0 2,734,189 24 0 0 

Massachusetts 351 3,184,196 351 0 0 0 0 

Michigan 83 4,780,701 83 0 3,911,667 64 869,034 19 0 

Minnesota 87 2,950,780 87 991 87 2,950,780 87 0 0 

Mississippi 82 889,914 58 77 5 880,956 56 8,958 2 0 

Missouri 116 2,840,776 116 2,678 1 2,362,174 108 478,602 8 0 

Montana 56 491,966 56 0 491,966 56 0 0 

Nebraska 93 815,568 93 0 815,568 93 0 0 

Nevada 17 1,017,772 17 252 9 1,017,772 17 0 0 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 6 7

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TABLE 38. FIRST-TIME MAIL REGISTRANTS; USE OF PRINTED REGISTRATION LISTS AT THE POLLING PLACE (CONTINUED)

State

Election 

Jurisdiction 

in Survey

Total of 

Voters 

Participating

Cases

Number of First-time Mail 

Registrants (Voted or Not)

Use of Printed Lists at the Polls

Yes No Info. Unavailable

Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases Total Cases

New Hampshire 320 718,700 320 384 320 718,700 320 0 0 

New Jersey 21 3,677,463 21 0 3,677,463 21 0 0 

New Mexico 33 679,080 26 341 6 225,986 16 334,108 4 0 

New York 62 7,128,852 62 0 7,128,852 62 0 0 

North Carolina 100 4,539,729 100 12,490 100 4,204,769 92 334,960 8 0 

North Dakota 53 326,239 53 0 235,170 50 91,069 3 0 

Ohio 88 5,632,423 88 2,168 11 5,614,754 86 6,967 1 0 

Oklahoma 77 1,343,380 77 0 1,343,380 77 0 0 

Oregon 36 1,820,507 36 0 0 1,820,507 36 0 

Pennsylvania 67 5,783,621 67 0 5,783,621 67 0 0 

Rhode Island 39 451,593 39 0 451,593 39 0 0 

South Carolina 46 1,981,516 46 0 1,981,516 46 0 0 

South Dakota 66 368,816 66 3 1 368,816 66 0 0 

Tennessee 95 2,480,182 95 0 2,480,182 95 0 0 

Texas 254 7,993,851 254 84,707 253 0 0 7,993,851 254 

Utah 29 1,023,036 29 0 0 0 0 

Vermont 246 304,509 245 442 88 298,808 239 5,178 5 0 

Virginia 134 3,896,846 134 1,780 115 0 0 0 

Washington 39 3,206,490 39 379 39 0 3,206,490 39 0 

West Virginia 55 685,099 55 0 655,816 53 29,283 2 0 

Wisconsin 3,541 3,078,135 3,541 11,902 3,541 3,078,135 3,541 0 0 

Wyoming 23 250,701 23 0 250,701 23 0 0 

American Samoa 1 13,167 1 0 13,167 1 0 0 

Guam 1 34,075 1 0 34,075 1 0 0 

Puerto Rico 1 1,878,969 1 0 1,878,969 1 0 0 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 131,590,825 8,120 224,589 5,338 94,639,899 6,828 10,744,750 192 8,515,193 305 

States Included 46 18 3 

Question F1a F3 F5.1 F5.2 F5.3
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 6 8

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TABLE 38. FIRST-TIME MAIL REGISTRANTS; USE OF PRINTED REGISTRATION LISTS AT THE POLLING PLACE 

Questions F1, F3, F5. First-time mail registrants. Uses of printed registration lists at the polling place with 

the number of voters participating in these polling places. 

Question F3:

Arkansas: One jurisdiction reported, “Must show ID is in each poll book, then have to check each voter history to see if they were a first 

time voter.”

Arizona: Proof of Identity (ID verification) is required at the polls for ALL Arizona voters and not just first time voters. As such, this 

“first-time” voter identification requirement is not applicable to State of Arizona.

California: One jurisdiction commented, “Total Qty was: 284 Not broken out between VBM and Polls.”

Idaho: Idaho Code requires all voters to show ID or sign a Personal Identification Affidavit prior to voting. If a voter registered on Election Day, they were required to show a photo ID and proof of residence prior to registering and voting.

Delaware: Do not collect this data. 

Florida: One jurisdiction indicated, “VR-reports.” Another jurisdiction indicated none that it was aware of. A third jurisdiction reported 

that all voters’ IDs are checked, and a fourth jurisdiction stated, “ID provided by voter.” 

Louisiana: Total includes all first-time voter mail registrants regardless of voter registration date.

Maryland: Not applicable.

Mississippi: One jurisdiction commented, “Courthouse burned 1/17/2013.”

Montana: Montana requires all voters to provide ID.

North Dakota: North Dakota does not have voter registration.

New Mexico: One jurisdiction stated that the above includes people who came into the office in person; in-person voters (registrants) do 

not require ID.” Another jurisdiction commented, “ID required Statistics Report.” 

Nevada: Five jurisdictions indicated that they do not track this information. 

Oklahoma: Effective 7-1-2011, Oklahoma requires “proof of identity” from all in-person voters (early voting or at polling place on election day).

Oregon: Did not track origin. 

Puerto Rico: Puerto Rico is exempt from the NVRA, as the rest of the territories, and the HAVA 303(b) mail in registration applies to 

NVRA jurisdictions.

Vermont: One jurisdiction indicated that this number is the people who were able to vote; it does not keep track of who and if they 

actually cast a ballot. A second jurisdiction reported that no first time voters submitted their registration by mail. Another jurisdiction 

noted that verifiable numbers are uncertain due to clerk turnover. One jurisdiction commented that the Town Clerk registers and knows 

everyone. One election official stated, “I send letters out to the first time voters telling them I need identification and they either come in 

or mail me a copy of their ID before the election.”

Question F5: 

Arkansas: One jurisdiction commented, “No – Electronic Pollbooks.” 

California: One jurisdiction reported no polls. Another jurisdiction indicated, “Alpha Roster/Street Index.” A third jurisdiction noted 

that it ran an all-mail ballot election. 

Colorado: Nine jurisdictions reported using signature cards; one of these jurisdictions reported that poll books were also available, 

and another indicated that it also used a poll book exported into a “Master Voter List.” Four jurisdictions reported using poll books as a 

backup, and one jurisdiction commented, “Printed poll books were deployed as back-ups to electronic poll books. Some polling places 

used the paper poll books to make initial determination of whether voter was in correct precinct and entitled to vote an official rather 

than provisional ballot. Problematic voters could be directed quickly to the provisional ballot judges without waiting in line, if appropriate.” One jurisdiction indicated it had a third backup, a PDF file. 

Florida: One jurisdiction reported that printed lists were used at the polls on election day, and two jurisdictions reported using printed 

lists in some of their precincts. Eight jurisdictions reported using printed lists as a backup in their polling places (e.g., in the event of a 

power outage). One jurisdiction reported only using EViDs, and another jurisdiction reported that it used EViDs (electronic poll books) 

for voter check-in during early voting. 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 6 9

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Maryland: Used as a backup to electronic poll books. 

Michigan: Paper poll books and printed lists of voters are utilized in 20% of precincts.

Missouri: Two jurisdictions reported using printed lists as a backup in case electronic poll books did not work. Another jurisdiction 

stated that it used printed lists at six polling locations. 

New Mexico: One jurisdiction commented, “Absentee only,” and another jurisdiction reported a mixed use of list/computer. 

Nevada: Nine jurisdictions reported using both labels for early voting and a pre-printed roster on election day. Eight jurisdictions 

reported using only pre-printed rosters. 

South Carolina: One jurisdiction commented, “Used as a backup if electronic list was used.” 

Tennessee: One jurisdiction indicated that paper poll books were used for election day, while early voting is PC direct connect to database. Another jurisdiction stated that it used electronic poll books on election day, but paper signature lists were prepared as a backup 

in case of an emergency. 

Vermont: Two jurisdictions commented that their checklists were printed from HAVA. One jurisdiction indicated, “Voter checklist.” 

West Virginia: One jurisdiction reported that it uses poll books with registration cards. 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 7 0

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TABLE 39. NUMBER AND AGES OF POLL WORKERS

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Number 

of Poll 

Workers

Total

Cases

Under 18 18 to 25 26 to 40 41 to 60 61 to 70 71 and Over Balance

(See Notes)

Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct.

Alabama 67 0 ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 ...

Alaska 1 2,499 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2,499 100.0 

Arizona 15 11,700 15 229 2.0 280 2.4 395 3.4 1,763 15.1 2,405 20.6 1,951 16.7 4,677 40.0 

Arkansas 75 9,346 72 2 0.0 73 0.8 231 2.5 743 7.9 1,365 14.6 1,348 14.4 5,584 59.7 

California 58 89,440 57 12,750 14.3 5,263 5.9 7,743 8.7 18,836 21.1 11,068 12.4 8,338 9.3 25,442 28.4 

Colorado 64 10,790 64 437 4.1 175 1.6 281 2.6 1,345 12.5 1,301 12.1 835 7.7 6,416 59.5 

Connecticut 169 4,464 169 ... ... ... ... ... ... 4,464 100.0 

Delaware 3 4,129 3 228 5.5 293 7.1 298 7.2 1,460 35.4 1,028 24.9 822 19.9 0 0.0 

District of Columbia 1 1,708 1 2 0.1 238 13.9 138 8.1 697 40.8 362 21.2 194 11.4 77 4.5 

Florida 67 52,086 67 128 0.2 1,558 3.0 2,498 4.8 10,483 20.1 11,293 21.7 11,488 22.1 14,638 28.1 

Georgia 159 0 ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 ...

Hawaii 4 2,583 3 315 12.2 301 11.7 245 9.5 1,005 38.9 703 27.2 401 15.5 (387) (15.0)

Idaho 44 5,860 44 30 0.5 182 3.1 450 7.7 1,670 28.5 1,765 30.1 1,563 26.7 200 3.4 

Illinois 110 49,357 110 ... ... ... ... ... ... 49,357 100.0 

Indiana 92 22,427 81 61 0.3 247 1.1 405 1.8 1,782 7.9 1,733 7.7 1,527 6.8 16,672 74.3 

Iowa 99 9,821 99 ... ... ... ... ... ... 9,821 100.0 

Kansas 105 8,374 105 ... ... ... ... ... ... 8,374 100.0 

Kentucky 120 15,290 120 ... ... ... ... ... ... 15,290 100.0 

Louisiana 64 17,782 64 ... ... ... ... ... ... 17,782 100.0 

Maine 500 5,983 499 20 0.3 106 1.8 413 6.9 2,154 36.0 1,923 32.1 1,367 22.8 0 0.0 

Maryland 24 23,603 24 252 1.1 1,017 4.3 1,937 8.2 8,874 37.6 6,800 28.8 3,798 16.1 925 3.9 

Massachusetts 351 18,946 348 ... ... ... ... ... ... 18,946 100.0 

Michigan 83 37,206 83 1,349 3.6 2,201 5.9 2,954 7.9 10,899 29.3 11,877 31.9 7,926 21.3 0 0.0 

Minnesota 87 27,602 87 ... ... ... ... ... ... 27,602 100.0 

Mississippi 82 6,974 57 0 0.0 94 1.3 197 2.8 529 7.6 798 11.4 555 8.0 4,801 68.8 

Missouri 116 21,588 112 ... ... ... ... ... ... 21,588 100.0 

Montana 56 4,201 56 20 0.5 63 1.5 245 5.8 1,217 29.0 1,465 34.9 1,191 28.4 0 0.0 

Nebraska 93 8,322 93 92 1.1 90 1.1 492 5.9 2,319 27.9 2,609 31.4 2,701 32.5 19 0.2 

Nevada 17 5,165 17 253 4.9 248 4.8 346 6.7 1,378 26.7 1,570 30.4 1,119 21.7 251 4.9 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 7 1

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TABLE 39. NUMBER AND AGES OF POLL WORKERS (CONTINUED)

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Number 

of Poll 

Workers

Total

Cases

Under 18 18 to 25 26 to 40 41 to 60 61 to 70 71 and Over Balance

(See Notes)

Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct.

New Hampshire 320 2,392 320 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2,392 100.0 

New Jersey 21 0 ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 ...

New Mexico 33 7,671 25 170 2.2 706 9.2 1,088 14.2 2,378 31.0 1,458 19.0 968 12.6 903 11.8 

New York 62 82,811 57 ... ... ... ... ... ... 82,811 100.0 

North Carolina 100 23,020 100 384 1.7 464 2.0 1,040 4.5 5,232 22.7 5,887 25.6 4,163 18.1 5,850 25.4 

North Dakota 53 1,286 45 ... ... ... ... ... ... 1,286 100.0 

Ohio 88 45,556 88 2,107 4.6 1,997 4.4 2,057 4.5 10,225 22.4 10,008 22.0 7,807 17.1 11,355 24.9 

Oklahoma 77 7,489 77 ... ... ... ... ... ... 7,489 100.0 

Oregon 36 1,402 36 ... ... ... ... ... ... 1,402 100.0 

Pennsylvania 67 0 ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 ...

Rhode Island 39 3,016 39 ... ... ... ... ... ... 3,016 100.0 

South Carolina 46 13,213 46 825 6.2 ... ... ... ... ... 12,388 93.8 

South Dakota 66 2,827 66 0 0.0 12 0.4 48 1.7 296 10.5 320 11.3 259 9.2 1,892 66.9 

Tennessee 95 15,879 95 291 1.8 454 2.9 723 4.6 3,489 22.0 5,421 34.1 4,516 28.4 985 6.2 

Texas 254 36,019 231 ... ... ... ... ... ... 36,019 100.0 

Utah 29 4,850 10 ... ... ... ... ... ... 4,850 100.0 

Vermont 246 3,055 221 21 0.7 34 1.1 112 3.7 743 24.3 725 23.7 407 13.3 1,013 33.2 

Virginia 134 24,691 134 332 1.3 1,128 4.6 1,741 7.1 7,579 30.7 7,868 31.9 4,268 17.3 1,775 7.2 

Washington 39 782 39 0 0.0 32 4.1 67 8.6 161 20.6 107 13.7 65 8.3 350 44.8 

West Virginia 55 7,263 37 0 0.0 92 1.3 238 3.3 638 8.8 700 9.6 228 3.1 5,367 73.9 

Wisconsin 3,541 34,902 3,541 543 1.6 567 1.6 1,611 4.6 8,121 23.3 13,442 38.5 10,457 30.0 161 0.5 

Wyoming 23 2,449 23 14 0.6 28 1.1 93 3.8 669 27.3 655 26.7 362 14.8 628 25.6 

American Samoa 1 336 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 336 100.0 

Guam 1 286 1 0 0.0 77 26.9 72 25.2 95 33.2 33 11.5 9 3.1 0 0.0 

Puerto Rico 1 89,413 1 ... ... ... ... ... ... 89,413 100.0 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 887,854 7,684 20,855 2.3 18,020 2.0 28,158 3.2 106,780 12.0 106,689 12.0 80,633 9.1 526,719 59.3 

States Included 25 29 29 29 29 29 45 

Question D3 D4a D4b D4c D4d D4e D4f calc
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 7 2

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TABLE 39. NUMBER AND AGES OF POLL WORKERS 

Questions D3, D4. Number of poll workers used and age category. 

Question D3:

Arkansas: One jurisdiction stated, “Approximately. Larger polling sited had more workers, smaller does less.”

Arizona: One jurisdiction commented, “As a note, we also hired 119 citizen board Troubleshooters that do not serve as polling place 

board workers but are assigned several specific polling place locations to assist the board workers at these locations with any issues that 

come up on Election Day. This quantity of additional workers (119) is NOT reflected in the above grand total.” 

California: One jurisdiction reported that this figure includes student poll workers. A second jurisdiction reported 1,580 poll workers 

unknown. Another jurisdiction indicated that 56 are standby poll workers. One jurisdiction commented, “All mail ballot.” 

District of Columbia: number of poll workers failed to report for duty; this number represents the total that showed for work.

Florida: One jurisdiction noted that this number includes Canvassing Board members, tech team, supply return check-in team, and 

poll workers (both early voting and election day). Another jurisdiction reported 233 worked election day, and 125 worked early voting; a 

lot of these workers worked both election day and early voting. 

Maine: Municipal Clerks did not report figures in 11 jurisdictions. Kingsburg Plantation figures were included with Guilford. Hersey 

reported that it shares election workers with Moro Plantation. Edmunds Township figures were included with Dennysville.

Minnesota: Estimated number. 

Missouri: One jurisdiction stated that several precincts were combined at polling places. 

Mississippi: One jurisdiction commented, “5 Resolution Board.” 

North Carolina: Several jurisdictions included specific breakdowns of their types of workers, including poll workers, One-Stop workers, chief judges, judges, clerks, student assistants, computer assistants, and rovers. Five jurisdictions stated generally that most of their 

One-Stop workers also worked in a precinct on Election Day. Several jurisdictions also noted that their worker counts included individuals who worked at both One-Stop sites and at polling places. In a few instances, these individuals were counted twice; in others, these 

individuals were only counted once.

New Hampshire: Minimum required. 

New Mexico: One jurisdiction commented, “PSR Report/EW Payroll Report.” 

Puerto Rico: Poll workers are hired as their volunteer representatives and trained by the political parties. For the Nov.6, 2012 General 

Election, there were two (2) Principal Parties and four (4) Political Parties by Petition (Third Parties). Each party had the right to have up 

to three (3) poll workers per polling station (7755, plus 1533 provisional voting stations).

South Dakota: One jurisdiction indicated there were five workers at each place. 

Vermont: One jurisdiction noted that this count includes the Town Clerk. Another jurisdiction stated that this does not include BCA 

who counted ballots (8). One jurisdiction commented, “Election Officials work in shifts throughout the day.” A fourth jurisdiction stated 

that this does not include people who only counted votes (23). One jurisdiction specified, “4 people in tow hour shifts from 8am-7pm, 

then 8 people (not including the Clerk) to count the votes by hand.” Another jurisdiction indicated that its count includes six Boy Scouts 

that assist voters with finding an open voting booth, replenishing pens and removing campaign materials left in the booths. One jurisdiction specified, “11 Justice of the Peace, 1 Clerk, 2 Constables” 

Washington: Three jurisdictions reported these figures include election day and early voting. One jurisdiction specified that this 

number includes an 18-day early voting period and election day workers only. 

Wyoming: In preparation for the 2012 election cycle, the Albany County election staff designed various efforts to recruit new election 

judges during new voter registrations at the courthouse and through educational testimony during annual off site VR drives. A mailing was created to generate commitment to participate and when making election judges assignments for the Primary and the General 

election, the County Clerk and her election staff were thoughtful with regard to pairing seasoned judges with new recruits to facilitate 

continuity in experiential training. A second jurisdiction reported that it did not count County employees. For another jurisdiction, this 

number includes election judges assigned to absentee, write-in, and resolution boards. One jurisdiction reported that four of its poll 

workers worked/helped in the Absentee Polling Place. 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 7 3

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Question D4:

Arizona: Maricopa County implemented “Student” poll workers program back in 2008. Since its inception, we have seen a steady 

increase in participation amongst students. For this 2012 General election, of the 4,820 workers, we had over 167 of these board workers 

that were “Student” poll workers.

California: Five jurisdictions reported that they did not have age information available for a portion of their poll workers. One second 

jurisdiction specified that there were 26 election day appointments made; those officers are not currently linked to their voter registration (DOB) information so they are not included in breakdown. A third jurisdiction indicated that DIMS does not have a report that 

contains information on poll worker ages. Another jurisdiction noted that the 126 difference from D3 to D4 is because it does not track 

all ages of its county support staff. One jurisdiction commented that 56 are standby poll workers, and 23 are Field Supervisors who support the vote centers. 

Colorado: Six jurisdictions reported that information on poll workers’ ages were unavailable; one jurisdiction simply commented, 

“These are estimates.” Another jurisdiction specified that 97 judges were county employees for which it does not have birthdates. One 

jurisdiction noted that it had four student judges included in its total, and a second jurisdiction stated that 34 of the 99 were student 

judges. One jurisdiction specified, “About 2/3 of our judges were in the 61 to 70 range with a good portion of the other 1/3 in the 71 + 

range. We had a smattering of younger judges. We did not have any student judges this year.”

Florida: One jurisdiction stated that this number only includes election day poll workers. Another jurisdiction commented that it had 

two poll workers who were 90 years old when they worked the general election. 

Indiana: Four jurisdictions stated that they do not track poll workers’ ages. One jurisdiction commented, “While the birthdate of poll 

workers is captured upon their sign-up and assignment, so many changes are made on election day and the pay vouchers do not include 

a birthdate, thus determining the exact age and ranges of the workers who actually reported on election day.” Another jurisdiction noted 

generally that its workers’ ages range from 18 to over 70. One jurisdiction commented that most of the poll workers were 60 and older, 

another jurisdiction reported that the average age of its poll workers was above 70 years old, and a third jurisdiction estimated that the 

majority of poll workers would be between 60 and 80 but did not have an exact number. Two jurisdictions stated that their worker pools 

are aging. One jurisdiction commented, “Our oldest poll worker was 91. We had quite a few in their 80s that have worked for years.”

Maine: Municipal Clerks did not report figures in 11 jurisdictions. Kingsburg Plantation figures were included with Guilford. Hersey 

reported that it shares election workers with Moro Plantation. Edmunds Township figures were included with Dennysville.

Minnesota: Age data not available. 

Mississippi: One jurisdiction commented, “Courthouse burned 1/17/2013.”

North Carolina: Several jurisdictions commented that the majority of their workers were 55 years old or above. A couple of jurisdictions 

reported they did not track this data or stated that this data was based on an estimate. One jurisdiction commented that the majority of 

its poll workers are re-appointments. Another jurisdiction commented that only 188 of its reported workers worked in the 2012 general 

elections; seven of these either didn’t work for some reason or have resigned and are still on the poll worker list.

New Hampshire: Data not available. 

New Mexico: One jurisdiction commented, “Run PSR Report/EW.”

Nevada: One jurisdiction indicated that D4e may contain workers over 71 years of age. 

Pennsylvania: Not tracked. 

South Carolina: Age breakdown unavailable for workers 18+. 

Vermont: Three jurisdictions indicated that these numbers are estimates only. One jurisdiction indicated that all but one worker were 

over 40 years old. 

Wyoming: One jurisdiction indicated that the majority of its election judges are retired senior citizens. Two jurisdictions indicate they 

do not track this information. 
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TABLE 40. DIFFICULTY OF OBTAINING SUFFICIENT POLL WORKERS

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Total of 

Voters

Participating

Cases Very Difficult Somewhat 

Difficult

Neither 

Diff./Easy Somewhat Easy Very Easy Not Enough Information

Balance

(See Notes)

Cases Pct. Cases Pct. Cases Pct. Cases Pct. Cases Pct. Cases Pct. Cases Pct.

Alabama 67 2,083,309 67 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 67 100.0 0 0.0 

Alaska 1 302,465 1 0 0.0 1 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Arizona 15 2,323,579 15 0 0.0 6 40.0 7 46.7 1 6.7 1 6.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Arkansas 75 1,080,809 75 4 5.3 25 33.3 17 22.7 18 24.0 8 10.7 3 4.0 0 0.0 

California 58 13,096,097 57 4 7.0 18 31.6 17 29.8 9 15.8 5 8.8 0 0.0 4 7.0 

Colorado 64 2,594,628 64 6 9.4 33 51.6 12 18.8 12 18.8 1 1.6 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Connecticut 169 1,560,640 169 0 0.0 169 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Delaware 3 417,631 3 0 0.0 3 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

District of Columbia 1 294,254 1 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Florida 67 8,557,692 67 2 3.0 13 19.4 23 34.3 16 23.9 13 19.4 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Georgia 159 3,910,557 159 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 159 100.0 

Hawaii 4 436,774 4 2 50.0 2 50.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Idaho 44 666,290 44 3 6.8 16 36.4 12 27.3 5 11.4 8 18.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Illinois 110 5,339,488 110 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 110 100.0 

Indiana 92 2,663,373 92 16 17.4 34 37.0 21 22.8 6 6.5 3 3.3 3 3.3 9 9.8 

Iowa 99 1,589,951 99 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 99 100.0 0 0.0 

Kansas 105 1,115,281 105 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 105 100.0 

Kentucky 120 1,815,896 120 120 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Louisiana 64 2,014,511 64 0 0.0 64 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Maine 500 724,759 500 32 6.4 165 33.0 122 24.4 82 16.4 82 16.4 2 0.4 15 3.0 

Maryland 24 2,734,189 24 4 16.7 6 25.0 5 20.8 6 25.0 3 12.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Massachusetts 351 3,184,196 351 1 0.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 3 0.9 0 0.0 0 0.0 347 98.9 

Michigan 83 4,780,701 83 0 0.0 0 0.0 83 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Minnesota 87 2,950,780 87 1 1.1 3 3.4 30 34.5 24 27.6 3 3.4 26 29.9 0 0.0 

Mississippi 82 889,914 58 1 1.7 18 31.0 16 27.6 10 17.2 9 15.5 1 1.7 3 5.2 

Missouri 116 2,840,776 116 9 7.8 50 43.1 38 32.8 15 12.9 3 2.6 0 0.0 1 0.9 

Montana 56 491,966 56 8 14.3 29 51.8 9 16.1 5 8.9 2 3.6 3 5.4 0 0.0 

Nebraska 93 815,568 93 13 14.0 38 40.9 14 15.1 14 15.1 14 15.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Nevada 17 1,017,772 17 0 0.0 6 35.3 5 29.4 3 17.6 3 17.6 0 0.0 0 0.0 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 7 5

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TABLE 40. DIFFICULTY OF OBTAINING SUFFICIENT POLL WORKERS (CONTINUED)

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Total of 

Voters

Participating

Cases Very Difficult Somewhat 

Difficult

Neither 

Diff./Easy Somewhat Easy Very Easy Not Enough Information

Balance

(See Notes)

Cases Pct. Cases Pct. Cases Pct. Cases Pct. Cases Pct. Cases Pct. Cases Pct.

New Hampshire 320 718,700 320 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 320 100.0 0 0.0 

New Jersey 21 3,677,463 21 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 21 100.0 0 0.0 

New Mexico 33 679,080 26 1 3.8 5 19.2 6 23.1 6 23.1 3 11.5 2 7.7 3 11.5 

New York 62 7,128,852 62 0 0.0 0 0.0 62 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

North Carolina 100 4,539,729 100 9 9.0 50 50.0 25 25.0 13 13.0 3 3.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

North Dakota 53 326,239 53 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 53 100.0 0 0.0 

Ohio 88 5,632,423 88 1 1.1 41 46.6 26 29.5 18 20.5 2 2.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Oklahoma 77 1,343,380 77 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 77 100.0 0 0.0 

Oregon 36 1,820,507 36 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 36 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Pennsylvania 67 5,783,621 67 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 67 100.0 0 0.0 

Rhode Island 39 451,593 39 9 23.1 10 25.6 10 25.6 3 7.7 7 17.9 0 0.0 0 0.0 

South Carolina 46 1,981,516 46 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 46 100.0 

South Dakota 66 368,816 66 4 6.1 23 34.8 22 33.3 16 24.2 1 1.5 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Tennessee 95 2,480,182 95 14 14.7 40 42.1 20 21.1 14 14.7 4 4.2 3 3.2 0 0.0 

Texas 254 7,993,851 254 23 9.1 46 18.1 101 39.8 46 18.1 19 7.5 18 7.1 1 0.4 

Utah 29 1,023,036 29 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 29 100.0 

Vermont 246 304,509 245 3 1.2 35 14.3 74 30.2 48 19.6 76 31.0 3 1.2 6 2.4 

Virginia 134 3,896,846 134 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 134 100.0 

Washington 39 3,206,490 39 0 0.0 8 20.5 7 17.9 6 15.4 9 23.1 0 0.0 9 23.1 

West Virginia 55 685,099 55 4 7.3 12 21.8 10 18.2 6 10.9 5 9.1 0 0.0 18 32.7 

Wisconsin 3,541 3,078,135 3,541 909 25.7 585 16.5 959 27.1 599 16.9 486 13.7 0 0.0 3 0.1 

Wyoming 23 250,701 23 1 4.3 18 78.3 1 4.3 3 13.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

American Samoa 1 13,167 1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Guam 1 34,075 1 0 0.0 1 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Puerto Rico 1 1,878,969 1 1 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 131,590,825 8,120 1,205 14.8 1,573 19.4 1,755 21.6 1,007 12.4 810 10.0 768 9.5 1,002 12.3 

States Included 28 33 30 28 28 17 18 

Question F1a D5.1 D5.2 D5.3 D5.4 D5.5 D5.6 calc
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 7 6

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TABLE 40. DIFFICULTY OF OBTAINING SUFFICIENT POLL WORKERS 

Questions F1, D5. Difficulty of obtaining a sufficient number of poll workers for the election. 

General note: The Balance/Not Categorized column on the table compares the sum of all the categorical responses with the total indicated. 

For this table, the total used for comparison is the number of cases in the State. If the balance is a positive number the difference is treated as 

uncategorized responses. If the balance is a negative number (indicated by the parentheses) the difference indicates the sum of the responses 

is greater than the total indicated; this could occur by an error in data entry or by the inability to correctly categorize some responses, 

result¬ing in some over-counting. 

Question D5:

Arkansas: One jurisdiction noted that workers face long hours, too much paperwork, and a stressful day. 

Arizona: One jurisdiction commented that people do not want to work long hours for so little pay. Two jurisdictions stated that obtaining poll workers can be hindered by geographic reasons, primarily in rural areas.

California: A couple of jurisdictions noted that it was difficult to recruit bilingual poll workers. A few jurisdictions noted that recruiting student poll workers was helpful in obtaining a sufficient number of workers. A few jurisdictions stated that there was lots of interest 

in volunteering for this election due to the attention around the presidential content. One jurisdiction stated that long hours can be a 

deterrent to poll workers, and half day shifts seemed to be key for some of its workers. One jurisdiction commented, “Does not apply – all 

mail ballot.” 

Colorado: Several jurisdictions reported a high rate of drop outs before the election, making it difficult to recruit and train additional 

judges. A few jurisdictions noted that they had the most difficulty finding a balance between members of the two major political parties. 

A couple of jurisdictions noted that student judges were important to obtaining enough poll workers, but one jurisdiction noted that 

recruiting was difficult because schools did not like students missing a whole day of school. A few jurisdictions noted that there can be 

long hours and a stressful environment.

Florida: One jurisdiction commented that it had to send out two mailings to bring back retired workers and struggled to keep those 

committed to work the polls to actually be able to show up on election day. One jurisdiction stated that it encourages poll workers to 

“find a friend,” i.e., find someone they would like to work with and become poll workers, but it struggled to find enough non-Republicans 

to meet the requirements under the law. One jurisdiction reported it had approximately 100 more election workers available than 

needed, and nearly 100 more who were interested but did not attend orientation earlier in the year.

Indiana: A few jurisdictions reported that their local political parties find their poll workers. A couple of jurisdictions noted that finding workers can be difficult due to long hours and difficult pay, and some quit after training because they didn’t know what they were 

getting into. One jurisdiction stated that presidential elections prove to be the easiest time to recruit poll as the public is very interested 

in assisting in the election process. One jurisdiction stated that the difficulty rested in the need to find over 1,500 poll workers, while 

another jurisdiction commented that it reduced the number of polling locations and boards to reduce the number of poll workers 

needed. 

Maine: Municipal Clerks did not report figures in 11 jurisdictions. Kingsburg Plantation figures were included with Guilford. Hersey 

reported that it shares election workers with Moro Plantation. Edmunds Township figures were included with Dennysville.

Missouri: One jurisdiction noted that 145 started training and quit when they saw how much work was involved; also, Missouri law 

which requires a balance between political parties among workers caused many problems. Another jurisdiction stated that recruitment 

of both paid and volunteer workers needs to be reviewed and improved with more interest in securing workers from the corporate world 

and volunteers from more of the area schools.

Mississippi: One jurisdiction stated that the local election commission gathers poll workers based on registered voters per voting precinct. 

Montana: A few jurisdictions noted difficult obtaining workers due to language requirements, the need to fill last minute judge vacancies, and rural geographies. One jurisdiction commented that everyone works; it is hard to find younger people due to jobs and kids. 

North Carolina: Several jurisdictions commented that it is difficult to find roughly even numbers of workers from each political party. 

A few jurisdictions noted that finding poll workers can be more difficult in certain precincts, particularly smaller precincts and places 

with last minute vacancies. One jurisdiction noted that recruiting workers is getting hard, but it has been able to recruit from college 

and recent retirees. 

Nebraska: Several jurisdictions noted that finding poll workers is difficult due to long hours, low pay, work commitments, bilingual 

requirements, and finding even numbers of people to represent each political party. In addition, several jurisdictions also noted that 

they had a very difficult time recruiting younger poll workers during this election. One jurisdiction indicated that it will possibly consider all mail-in precincts in the future. A couple of jurisdictions reported they have a core group of volunteers who have served for 

many years, enjoy it, and take their responsibility very seriously. 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 7 7

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

New Mexico: One jurisdiction reported difficulty with political party balance. Another jurisdiction stated that it lost a lot of workers due 

to new rules. A third jurisdiction stated that it is always hard to get presiding judges. 

New York; Hurricane Sandy affected the ability of poll workers in declared jurisdictions to report for work as originally assigned.

Vermont: Two jurisdictions reported that large portions of their Board of Civil Authority worked during the day, and they had to seek 

others to fill the need. One of these jurisdictions reported they staff elections with retired people. One jurisdiction reported that it had 

a waiting list of residents who wish to be poll workers for each election. Another jurisdiction reported that it pays workers an attractive 

stipend and provides meals. When they compensated less, it was more difficult to have enough coverage (easier to find people but a significant expense for the Town). 

Wyoming: Several jurisdictions noted they had a difficult time recruiting workers, and their workers are getting older and are less likely 

to work. A few jurisdictions also reported having a difficult time recruiting younger workers. One jurisdiction stated that some precincts 

were easier to recruit for than others; some individuals did not mind being asked to work in a precinct other than their own, but others 

did not seem eager to work in a polling place other than their own. 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 7 8

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 41. NUMBER AND TYPE OF PRECINCTS/POLLING PLACES

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Number of 

Precincts

Number of

Polling Places

Election Day Voting Early Voting Balance

(See Notes) Non-election 

Office Election Office Other Type Non-election Office Election Office Other Type

Total Cases Total Cases Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct.

Alabama 67 2,527 67 2,252 67 2,252 100.0 ... ... ... ... ... 0 0.0 

Alaska 1 438 1 533 1 453 85.0 ... ... 75 14.1 5 0.9 ... 0 0.0 

Arizona 15 1,667 15 1,537 15 1,458 94.9 0 0.0 0 0.0 40 2.6 23 1.5 16 1.0 0 0.0 

Arkansas 75 2,747 75 1,631 75 1,494 91.6 3 0.2 ... 95 5.8 37 2.3 2 0.1 0 0.0 

California 58 24,349 58 14,686 57 14,493 98.7 69 0.5 2 0.0 5 0.0 43 0.3 2 0.0 72 0.5 

Colorado 64 2,917 64 1,237 64 1,029 83.2 53 4.3 ... 94 7.6 61 4.9 ... 0 0.0 

Connecticut 169 744 169 744 169 744 100.0 0 0.0 ... ... ... ... 0 0.0 

Delaware 3 432 3 285 3 283 99.3 2 0.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 ... 0 0.0 

District of Columbia 1 151 1 151 1 143 94.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 8 5.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Florida 67 6,242 67 4,928 67 4,631 94.0 19 0.4 0 0.0 194 3.9 95 1.9 0 0.0 (11) (0.2)

Georgia 159 2,850 159 0 ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 ...

Hawaii 4 247 4 240 4 231 96.3 ... 3 1.3 3 1.3 3 1.3 ... 0 0.0 

Idaho 44 924 44 807 44 762 94.4 0 0.0 ... 0 0.0 45 5.6 ... 0 0.0 

Illinois 110 10,088 110 6,520 110 ... ... ... 295 4.5 115 1.8 ... 6,110 93.7 

Indiana 92 5,353 92 3,976 92 3,054 76.8 758 19.1 ... 98 2.5 66 1.7 ... 0 0.0 

Iowa 99 1,688 99 1,787 99 1,688 94.5 0 0.0 ... ... 99 5.5 ... 0 0.0 

Kansas 105 3,565 105 1,308 105 1,246 95.3 ... ... 62 4.7 ... ... 0 0.0 

Kentucky 120 3,632 120 2,506 120 2,506 100.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 ... 0 0.0 

Louisiana 64 4,267 64 2,256 64 2,166 96.0 ... ... 13 0.6 77 3.4 ... 0 0.0 

Maine 500 563 499 542 499 542 100.0 ... ... ... ... ... 0 0.0 

Maryland 24 1,865 24 1,636 24 1,590 97.2 0 0.0 ... 45 2.8 1 0.1 ... 0 0.0 

Massachusetts 351 2,164 351 1,353 351 1,353 100.0 0 0.0 ... ... ... ... 0 0.0 

Michigan 83 5,454 83 3,688 83 3,544 96.1 144 3.9 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Minnesota 87 4,103 87 2,936 87 2,883 98.2 53 1.8 ... ... ... ... 0 0.0 

Mississippi 82 1,376 63 1,396 63 1,257 90.0 36 2.6 ... 2 0.1 31 2.2 1 0.1 69 4.9 

Missouri 116 4,615 116 2,913 116 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2,913 100.0 

Montana 56 794 56 422 56 422 100.0 ... ... ... ... ... 0 0.0 

Nebraska 93 1,394 93 1,182 93 1,089 92.1 ... ... ... 93 7.9 ... 0 0.0 

Nevada 17 1,935 17 556 17 412 74.1 8 1.4 0 0.0 123 22.1 13 2.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 7 9

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 41. NUMBER AND TYPE OF PRECINCTS/POLLING PLACES (CONTINUED)

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Number of 

Precincts

Number of

Polling Places

Election Day Voting Early Voting Balance

(See Notes) Non-election 

Office Election Office Other Type Non-election Office Election Office Other Type

Total Cases Total Cases Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct.

New Hampshire 320 336 320 307 320 307 100.0 0 0.0 ... 0 0.0 0 0.0 ... 0 0.0 

New Jersey 21 6,440 21 3,409 21 ... ... ... ... ... ... 3,409 100.0 

New Mexico 33 1,393 27 856 27 622 72.7 71 8.3 0 0.0 67 7.8 25 2.9 5 0.6 66 7.7 

New York 62 13,966 57 5,111 57 0 0.0 0 0.0 ... 0 0.0 0 0.0 ... 5,111 100.0 

North Carolina 100 2,756 100 3,121 100 2,756 88.3 0 0.0 ... 293 9.4 72 2.3 ... 0 0.0 

North Dakota 53 426 53 297 53 287 96.6 ... ... 9 3.0 ... ... 1 0.3 

Ohio 88 9,242 88 4,779 88 4,645 97.2 0 0.0 1 0.0 3 0.1 85 1.8 ... 45 0.9 

Oklahoma 77 1,958 77 2,021 77 1,944 96.2 0 0.0 ... 0 0.0 77 3.8 ... 0 0.0 

Oregon 36 1,399 36 36 36 ... 36 100.0 ... ... ... ... 0 0.0 

Pennsylvania 67 9,249 67 9,283 67 4,687 50.5 ... ... ... ... ... 4,596 49.5 

Rhode Island 39 453 39 453 39 413 91.2 40 8.8 0 0.0 ... ... 0 0.0 0 0.0 

South Carolina 46 2,145 46 2,191 46 2,145 97.9 ... ... ... 46 2.1 ... 0 0.0 

South Dakota 66 785 66 602 65 496 82.4 21 3.5 0 0.0 5 0.8 47 7.8 3 0.5 30 5.0 

Tennessee 95 2,089 95 2,204 95 1,985 90.1 10 0.5 5 0.2 106 4.8 88 4.0 0 0.0 10 0.5 

Texas 254 9,142 254 6,399 234 5,606 87.6 ... ... 860 13.4 ... ... (67) (1.0)

Utah 29 2,105 29 0 ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 ...

Vermont 246 262 238 459 244 150 32.7 104 22.7 3 0.7 27 5.9 156 34.0 4 0.9 15 3.3 

Virginia 134 632 134 694 66 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 694 100.0 

Washington 39 6,975 39 62 39 20 32.3 42 67.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 42 67.7 0 0.0 (42) (67.7)

West Virginia 55 1,853 55 1,896 55 1,831 96.6 22 1.2 ... 15 0.8 53 2.8 ... (25) (1.3)

Wisconsin 3,541 3,541 3,541 3,541 3,541 3,541 100.0 ... ... ... ... ... 0 0.0 

Wyoming 23 482 23 306 23 301 98.4 ... ... ... 5 1.6 ... 0 0.0 

American Samoa 1 18 1 46 1 45 97.8 1 2.2 ... ... ... ... 0 0.0 

Guam 1 58 1 22 1 21 95.5 0 0.0 ... 0 0.0 1 4.5 ... 0 0.0 

Puerto Rico 1 110 1 7,865 1 7,755 98.6 0 0.0 ... 19 0.2 91 1.2 ... 0 0.0 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 176,906 8,114 119,968 7,842 91,282 51.6 1,492 0.8 14 0.0 2,556 1.4 1,595 0.9 33 0.0 22,996 13.0 

States Included 52 46 19 5 25 29 7 18 

Question D1 D2a D2b D2c D2d D2e D2f D2g calc
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 8 0

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 41. NUMBER AND TYPE OF PRECINCTS/POLLING PLACES 

Questions D1, D2. Number of precincts, number of polling places, types of polling places. 

General note: The Balance/Not Categorized column on the table compares the sum of all the categorical responses with the total indicated. 

If the balance is a positive number the difference is treated as uncategorized responses. If the balance is a negative number (indicated by the 

parentheses) the difference indicates the sum of the responses is greater than the total indicated; this could occur by an error in data entry or 

by the inability to correctly categorize some responses, resulting in some over-counting. Note: in this case there appears to be much doublecounting which merely indicates the multiple purposes of some polling places, e.g., an election office being used for both Early Voting and 

Election Day Voting. 

Question D1:

Arkansas: Three jurisdictions reported including counts from early vote, precincts and absentee, and precincts plus early voting and 

absentee, respectively. One jurisdiction reported that this count does not include absentee and early precincts. 

Arizona: One jurisdiction commented, “Arizona underwent “Redistricting” prior to the 2012 General Election and part of the redistricting efforts for Maricopa County was to redraw and consolidate precincts. Prior to 2012, Maricopa County had 1,124 precincts (since 

2006). With the increase in the number of voters in Maricopa County on the Permanent Early Voting List (1,162,067), we were able to 

merge several precincts to reach a new precinct total for 2012 of 724 precincts.”

California: One jurisdiction commented, “Consolidated precincts.” One jurisdiction stated that D1a represents the total number of 

consolidated precincts for November 2012. One jurisdiction included voting precincts and mailed ballot precincts in its count, while 

another jurisdiction included precincts, vote by mail precincts, and mail ballot precincts. One jurisdiction reported 22 mail ballot precincts. 

Idaho: This number only includes physical precincts. It does not include any absentee precincts, which are non-physical precincts to 

allow the county to count all of the absentee ballots together as a precinct rather than dividing them by precincts.

Florida: One jurisdiction reported that during redistricting, it combined a number of polling places together, but kept the precincts 

separate. 

Maine: Municipal Clerks did not report figures in 14 jurisdictions. Hersey reported that it shares election workers with Moro Plantation.

Michigan: Totals include physical polling places (jurisdictional precincts) and central count locations (referred to as AVCB, absent voter 

counting boards).

Missouri: One jurisdiction commented that it had “counted the office as (1). Absentee Voting.” Two jurisdictions reported that these 

figures include absentee. 

New Mexico: One jurisdiction reported that it had successfully used voting convenience centers. Another jurisdiction commented, 

“24 to include Ab/EV.” A third jurisdiction reported that this number includes early voting and absentee precincts. One jurisdiction 

reported that two precincts are split by district. Another jurisdiction commented, “23 Voting Convenience Centers and 12 Regular.” 

Puerto Rico; The island is divided into 110 precincts, 1533 Voting Units and 7755 polling stations (plus 1533 provisional voting stations, 

for a total 8557 polling stations).

South Carolina: Does not include VR Office. 

Vermont: The City of Burlington has seven Wards which also serve seven State Representative Districts for 19 total Ward/District combinations. Another jurisdiction commented, “We only have one place to vote.” 

Question D2:

Arkansas: One jurisdiction commented, “Early voting in the county clerk’s office.” 

Arizona: One jurisdiction noted, “D2a is a total number of physical polling places (677) IN ADDITION to the 15 early voting centers (3 

offices and 12 off-site locations) and the 5 drop off “ballot box” sites for a total of 697. “Election Day” voting (D2b) is only offered at polling place locations. Each of the 724 precincts is technically assigned a polling place. However, in certain areas some precinct polling 

places were co-located within the same facility and that is why the “physical” polling place location total is less than the number of 

precincts existing. A co-located polling place consists of two different and separate boards specifically assigned to a given precinct and 

a specific set of voters within that precinct. Additionally, we had 7 All-Mail Precincts where the total number of registered voters within 

those precincts was less than 25 registered voters. These All-Mail precincts were still co-located and assigned to a physical polling place 

in case a voter opted to vote in-person versus by mail.” Another jurisdiction reported that it utilized Vote Centers and not traditional 

polling places for the 2012 elections.
U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 8 1

California: One jurisdiction reported that it had 787 polling places, with one early voting site that was also an election day voting site. A 

second jurisdiction indicated that the polling places for D2c and D2f are the same. A third jurisdiction reported that its Elections Office 

is election day and early voting. Similarly, two other jurisdictions noted that the Elections Office was used as an early voting site and 

also used on election day; the totals for D2a will not match. One jurisdiction stated that the Truckee early voting site was not open for 

voting on election day; therefore its count is off by one. Another jurisdiction commented, “18 PP/16 Locations + Office.” A different jurisdiction noted that its two election offices serve as polling places on Election Day and also as a location where voters can pick up their 

VBM ballot beginning 29 days before the election. Another jurisdiction noted that the county Elections Office is open for voting, by law, 

29 days prior to election day; the total number of physical polling places in the county includes the county Elections Office. 

Idaho: Idaho does not have “Early Voting.” However, the States does have In-Person absentee voting at least 3 weeks before the election. 

The In-Person absentee polling place is being reported under the Early Voting heading.

Florida: Two jurisdictions reported that their elections offices are used for election day voting and for early voting, so these are counted 

twice in the D2 totals. Three jurisdictions also noted that they use multiple early voting sites and included these in their counts. Another 

jurisdiction commented, “One City Hall.”

Maine: Municipal Clerks did not report figures in 11 jurisdictions. Kingsburg Plantation figures were included with Guilford. Hersey 

reported that it shares election workers with Moro Plantation. Edmunds Township figures were included with Dennysville. 

Michigan: Total of physical precincts (jurisdictional precincts).

Mississippi: Three jurisdictions noted that Mississippi does not have early voting but has absentee voting. One of these jurisdictions 

commented that its County Clerk’s office served as the only polling place for absentee voting until, but not on. Election Day.

New Mexico: One jurisdiction commented, “Vote Centers.” A second jurisdiction noted that it had 39 election day, one absentee (Clerk’s 

Office), one alternate site, three tribal early voting sites, and three all mail precincts/not polling place. Another jurisdiction stated, “2 

VCC locations.” A fourth jurisdiction commented that it had 16 precincts on election day and in-person voting and absentee. 

New York: Early voting not permitted in NY.

Oregon: Vote by mail state. No early voting.

South Dakota: One jurisdiction indicated that D2f refers to in-house absentee voting; election office is not considered absentee polling place – ballots are all processed at the 22 precincts’ polling places. Another jurisdiction noted that the auditor’s office was open for 

voters to absentee vote from 9-28-2012 until 3 P.M. election day. 

Virginia: Virginia is not an early voting state. Election offices may not be actual voting locations.

Vermont: One jurisdiction reported that it does not have early voting. One jurisdiction stated that early voters may vote outside the election office at home and return the ballot to the election official before the close of polls on election day. A third jurisdiction stated that 

voters could vote in the Town Office through November 5, 2012; on November 6, 2012, everyone else had to come to the gymnasium to 

vote. Four jurisdictions noted that their early voting and election day voting is held in the same place – two at their Town Offices, one at 

its Town Clerk’s Office, and one at its Town Hall. Another jurisdiction commented, “D2f Same place.” One jurisdiction stated, “One polling placed at the school gym.” Another jurisdiction reported, “D2b. Our election office is not open on election day. D2e. Early voting is 

conducted in the election office (Town Clerk’s Office).”

Washington: In Washington State, polling places are voting centers, centrally located. Each election office is for early voting as well as 

voting on election day.

West Virginia: Nineteen jurisdictions reported that their election offices were used for both election day voting and early voting. Four 

jurisdictions indicated that one non-election polling place was used for both election day voting and early voting. One jurisdiction 

stated that two non-election polling places were sued for both election day voting and early voting. 

Wyoming: Five jurisdictions commented that the absentee polling places are not open on election day. 
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 8 2

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 42. NUMBER AND TYPE OF VOTING EQUIPMENT

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Sum of All 

Voting

Equipment

(See 

Notes)

DRE w/o 

VVPAT DRE w/ VVPAT

Hybrid of 

DRE/Optical 

Scan

Optical or 

Digital Scan

Optical or 

Digital Scan Punch Card Punch Card Lever Paper Other-1 Other-2

Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Counters Pct. Booths BpC Counters Pct. Booths BpC Total Pct. Booths Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct.

Alabama 67 5,267 0 0.0 0 0.0 2,357 44.8 2,910 55.2 ... 0 0.0 ... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Alaska 1 914 ... 443 48.5 ... 338 37.0 ... ... ... ... 133 14.6 ... ...

Arizona 15 3,107 ... 1,559 50.2 20 0.6 1,528 49.2 14,150 455 ... ... ... ... ... ...

Arkansas 75 3,601 139 3.9 3,088 85.8 ... 318 8.8 180 5 ... ... ... 41 1.1 15 0.4 ...

California 58 25,369 98 0.4 18,996 74.9 1,013 4.0 4,397 17.3 23,289 92 0 0.0 0 ... 0 0.0 688 2.7 50 0.2 127 0.5 

Colorado 64 4,544 214 4.7 3,732 82.1 ... 598 13.2 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Connecticut 169 2,232 ... ... 744 33.3 744 33.3 8,166 366 ... ... ... ... 744 33.3 ...

Delaware 3 1,292 1,288 99.7 0 0.0 0 0.0 4 0.3 2 0 0 0.0 ... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

District of 

Columbia 1 579 ... 255 44.0 167 28.8 157 27.1 157 27 ... ... ... ... ... ...

Florida 67 13,350 4,065 30.4 ... 1,190 8.9 7,839 58.7 56,054 420 ... ... ... ... 255 1.9 1 0.0 

Georgia 159 26,515 26,515 100.0 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Hawaii 4 520 ... 260 50.0 ... 260 50.0 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Idaho 44 1,590 0 0.0 0 0.0 824 51.8 73 4.6 6,210 391 4 0.3 641 160 0 0.0 689 43.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Illinois 110 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Indiana 92 9,543 7,427 77.8 ... 869 9.1 1,239 13.0 3,605 38 ... ... ... 8 0.1 ... ...

Iowa 99 3,376 0 0.0 0 0.0 1,688 50.0 1,688 50.0 ... 0 0.0 ... 0 0.0 0 0.0 ... ...

Kansas 105 6,423 3,617 56.3 1,118 17.4 606 9.4 919 14.3 8,107 126 ... ... ... 163 2.5 ... ...

Kentucky 120 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Louisiana 64 9,633 9,004 93.5 ... ... 84 0.9 ... ... ... ... ... 545 5.7 ...

Maine 500 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Maryland 24 17,700 17,610 99.5 ... ... 90 0.5 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Massachusetts 351 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Michigan 83 8,998 ... ... 3,544 39.4 5,454 60.6 ... ... ... ... 0 0.0 0 0.0 ...

Minnesota 87 6,242 ... ... 3,121 50.0 3,121 50.0 23,130 371 0 0.0 0 ... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Mississippi 82 4,693 2,515 53.6 1,758 37.5 ... 125 2.7 408 9 ... ... ... 1 0.0 294 6.3 ...

Missouri 116 6,978 ... 3,720 53.3 336 4.8 2,807 40.2 13,679 196 ... ... ... ... 64 0.9 51 0.7 

Montana 56 1,037 ... ... 505 48.7 345 33.3 4,353 420 ... ... ... 187 18.0 ... ...

Nebraska 93 1,302 ... ... 1,087 83.5 215 16.5 ... 0 0.0 0 ... 0 0.0 ... 0 0.0 ...

Nevada 17 6,608 ... 6,577 99.5 ... 31 0.5 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 8 3

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 42. NUMBER AND TYPE OF VOTING EQUIPMENT (CONTINUED)

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Sum of All 

Voting

Equipment

(See 

Notes)

DRE w/o VVPAT DRE w/ VVPAT Hybrid of DRE/

Optical Scan

Optical or 

Digital Scan

Optical or Digital Scan Punch Card Punch Card Lever Paper Other-1 Other-2

Total Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct. Counters Pct. Booths BpC Counters Pct. Booths BpC Total Pct. Booths Pct. Total Pct. Total Pct.

New 

Hampshire 320 1,546 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 244 15.8 9,335 604 0 0.0 0 ... 0 0.0 1,302 84.2 0 0.0 0 0.0 

New Jersey 21 11,244 11,244 100.0 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

New Mexico 33 1,202 53 4.4 179 14.9 413 34.4 531 44.2 3,222 268 0 0.0 0 ... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 26 2.2 

New York 62 18,649 ... ... 7,567 40.6 11,082 59.4 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

North Carolina 100 11,608 0 0.0 7,226 62.3 1,853 16.0 2,514 21.7 18,394 158 0 0.0 0 ... 0 0.0 0 0.0 15 0.1 0 0.0 

North Dakota 53 387 ... ... ... 384 99.2 ... ... ... ... ... 3 0.8 ...

Ohio 88 29,001 ... 25,495 87.9 718 2.5 2,769 9.5 14,844 51 ... ... ... ... 19 0.1 ...

Oklahoma 77 2,064 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 2,064 100.0 ... 0 0.0 ... 0 0.0 0 0.0 ... 0 0.0 

Oregon 36 71 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 71 100.0 ... 0 0.0 0 ... 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Pennsylvania 67 22,070 21,300 96.5 ... 770 3.5 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Rhode Island 39 908 ... ... ... 454 50.0 3,971 437 ... ... ... ... 454 50.0 ...

South Carolina 46 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

South Dakota 66 660 ... ... 602 91.2 58 8.8 148 22 ... ... ... 0 0.0 ... ...

Tennessee 95 8,731 8,580 98.3 ... ... 151 1.7 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Texas 254 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Utah 29 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Vermont 246 2,469 32 1.3 5 0.2 1,278 51.8 123 5.0 1,697 69 0 0.0 0 ... 0 0.0 978 39.6 52 2.1 1 0.0 

Virginia 134 8,273 7,937 95.9 ... 184 2.2 ... ... ... ... ... 76 0.9 76 0.9 ...

Washington 39 426 ... 321 75.4 19 4.5 86 20.2 50 12 ... ... ... ... ... ...

West Virginia 55 4,667 0 0.0 4,304 92.2 58 1.2 205 4.4 1,737 37 0 0.0 0 ... 0 0.0 100 2.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 

Wisconsin 3,541 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Wyoming 23 1,154 0 0.0 321 27.8 360 31.2 473 41.0 ... 0 0.0 ... 0 0.0 ... ... ...

American 

Samoa 1 46 ... 0 0.0 0 0.0 ... ... ... ... ... 46 100.0 ... ...

Guam 1 3 ... ... ... 3 100.0 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Puerto Rico 1 23,265 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 23,265 100.0 ... ...

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 319,857 121,638 38.0 79,357 24.8 31,893 10.0 56,496 17.7 214,888 4 4 0.0 641 160 0 0.0 27,677 8.7 2,586 0.8 206 0.1 

States Included 17 18 26 40 23 1 1 0 14 13 5 

Question calc F7a F7b F7c F7d[c] F7d[b] F7e[c] F7e[b] F7f F7g[b] F7h F7i
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 8 4

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

TABLE 42. NUMBER AND TYPE OF VOTING EQUIPMENT 

Question F7. Information on the number and type of voting equipment used in the elections and the 

purposes for which they are used. 

Note: This table is a simple summary of a complex set of information. Researchers are advised to consult the dataset for complete 

informa¬tion. The “Sum of All Voting Equipment” is a calculated estimate to enable comparative percentage values. This sum is determined 

by using the number of machines or counters as well as the number of booths for paper ballots and the “other” types of equipment. 
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TABLE 43. SUMMARY OF SELECTED FACTORS PER POLLING PLACE

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Polling 

Places 

Total

Precincts Registrants Voters Election Day Voters

(exc. Provisionals) Provisional Ballots Poll Workers Voting Equipment 

Total per PP Total per PP Total per PP Total per PP Total per PP Total per PP Total per PP

Alabama 67 2,252 2,527 1.1 3,162,135 1,404.1 2,083,309 925.1 ... 6,728 3.0 ... 5,267 2.3 

Alaska 1 533 438 0.8 579,304 1,087 302,465 567 203,496 382 18,255 34 2,499 5 914 2 

Arizona 15 1,537 1,667 1.1 3,725,362 2,424 2,323,579 1,512 633,660 412 183,259 119 11,700 8 3,107 2 

Arkansas 75 1,631 2,747 1.7 1,610,364 987 1,080,809 663 565,716 347 2,592 2 9,346 6 3,601 2 

California 58 14,686 24,349 1.7 18,996,338 1,293 13,096,097 892 5,460,518 372 1,065,156 73 89,440 6 25,369 2 

Colorado 64 1,237 2,917 2.4 3,651,091 2,952 2,594,628 2,098 421,980 341 62,847 51 10,790 9 4,544 4 

Connecticut 169 744 744 1.0 2,202,278 2,960 1,560,640 2,098 ... 963 1 4,464 6 2,232 3 

Delaware 3 285 432 1.5 632,805 2,220 417,631 1,465 396,408 1,391 453 2 4,129 14 1,292 5 

District of Columbia 1 151 151 1.0 557,774 3,694 294,254 1,949 191,166 1,266 38,636 256 1,708 11 579 4 

Florida 67 4,928 6,242 1.3 11,934,446 2,422 8,557,692 1,737 3,736,946 758 42,745 9 52,086 11 13,350 3 

Georgia 159 2,850 ... 6,050,050 ... 3,910,557 ... 1,979,776 ... ... ... 26,515 ...

Hawaii 4 240 247 1.0 705,668 2,940 436,774 1,820 236,586 986 711 3 2,583 11 520 2 

Idaho 44 807 924 1.1 895,834 1,110 666,290 826 496,546 615 ... 5,860 7 1,590 2 

Illinois 110 6,520 10,088 1.5 8,116,660 1,245 5,339,488 819 4,021,805 617 43,772 7 49,357 8 ...

Indiana 92 3,976 5,353 1.3 4,562,268 1,147 2,663,373 670 2,073,074 521 4,801 1 22,427 6 9,543 2 

Iowa 99 1,787 1,688 0.9 2,236,068 1,251 1,589,951 890 896,757 502 4,996 3 9,821 5 3,376 2 

Kansas 105 1,308 3,565 2.7 1,771,252 1,354 1,115,281 853 784,825 600 38,865 30 8,374 6 6,423 5 

Kentucky 120 2,506 3,632 1.4 3,037,153 1,212 1,815,896 725 1,710,486 683 287 0 15,290 6 ...

Louisiana 64 2,256 4,267 1.9 2,965,751 1,315 2,014,511 893 1,650,912 732 6,862 3 17,782 8 9,633 4 

Maine 500 542 563 1.0 1,026,086 1,893 724,759 1,337 536,635 990 315 1 5,983 11 ...

Maryland 24 1,636 1,865 1.1 3,694,658 2,258 2,734,189 1,671 2,068,656 1,264 79,876 49 23,603 14 17,700 11 

Massachusetts 351 1,353 2,164 1.6 4,340,000 3,208 3,184,196 2,353 2,913,489 2,153 12,920 10 18,946 14 ...

Michigan 83 3,688 5,454 1.5 7,454,553 2,021 4,780,701 1,296 3,505,208 950 2,675 1 37,206 10 8,998 2 

Minnesota 87 2,936 4,103 1.4 3,387,783 1,154 2,950,780 1,005 2,640,446 899 ... 27,602 9 6,242 2 

Mississippi 82 1,396 1,376 1.0 1,399,209 1,002 889,914 637 708,020 507 22,478 16 6,974 5 4,693 3 

Missouri 116 2,913 4,615 1.6 4,191,778 1,439 2,840,776 975 2,567,998 882 6,393 2 21,588 7 6,978 2 

Montana 56 422 794 1.9 681,608 1,615 491,966 1,166 198,775 471 5,562 13 4,201 10 1,037 2 

Nebraska 93 1,182 1,394 1.2 1,163,871 985 815,568 690 595,284 504 15,130 13 8,322 7 1,302 1 

Nevada 17 556 1,935 3.5 1,258,409 2,263 1,017,772 1,831 305,122 549 8,329 15 5,165 9 6,608 12 
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TABLE 43. SUMMARY OF SELECTED FACTORS PER POLLING PLACE (CONTINUED)

State

Election

Juris. in

Survey

Polling 

Places 

Total

Precincts Registrants Voters Election Day Voters

(exc. Provisionals) Provisional Ballots Poll Workers Voting Equipment 

Total per PP Total per PP Total per PP Total per PP Total per PP Total per PP Total per PP

New Hampshire 320 307 336 1.1 878,136 2,860 718,700 2,341 654,450 2,132 0 0 2,392 8 1,546 5 

New Jersey 21 3,409 6,440 1.9 5,415,639 1,589 3,677,463 1,079 3,047,584 894 97,481 29 ... 11,244 3 

New Mexico 33 856 1,393 1.6 1,252,438 1,463 679,080 793 225,870 264 6,630 8 7,671 9 1,202 1 

New York 62 5,111 13,966 2.7 11,720,541 2,293 7,128,852 1,395 4,342,214 850 451,868 88 82,811 16 18,649 4 

North Carolina 100 3,121 2,756 0.9 6,655,291 2,132 4,539,729 1,455 1,743,642 559 51,192 16 23,020 7 11,608 4 

North Dakota 53 297 426 1.4 ... 326,239 1,098 230,890 777 ... 1,286 4 387 1 

Ohio 88 4,779 9,242 1.9 7,987,697 1,671 5,632,423 1,179 3,547,582 742 208,087 44 45,556 10 29,001 6 

Oklahoma 77 2,021 1,958 1.0 2,114,489 1,046 1,343,380 665 1,163,957 576 5,313 3 7,489 4 2,064 1 

Oregon 36 36 1,399 38.9 2,199,360 61,093 1,820,507 50,570 ... 1,771 49 1,402 39 71 2 

Pennsylvania 67 9,283 9,249 1.0 8,352,342 900 5,783,621 623 5,488,684 591 49,000 5 ... 22,070 2 

Rhode Island 39 453 453 1.0 725,309 1,601 451,593 997 423,691 935 2,357 5 3,016 7 908 2 

South Carolina 46 2,191 2,145 1.0 2,875,121 1,312 1,981,516 904 1,525,284 696 5,473 2 13,213 6 ...

South Dakota 66 602 785 1.3 523,410 869 368,816 613 209,102 347 441 1 2,827 5 660 1 

Tennessee 95 2,204 2,089 0.9 4,024,960 1,826 2,480,182 1,125 1,006,868 457 7,089 3 15,879 7 8,731 4 

Texas 254 6,399 9,142 1.4 13,690,729 2,140 7,993,851 1,249 5,606 1 50,787 8 36,019 6 ...

Utah 29 2,105 ... 1,508,372 ... 1,023,036 ... 573,149 ... 53,483 ... 4,850 ... ...

Vermont 246 459 262 0.6 460,817 1,004 304,509 663 219,399 478 19 0 3,055 7 2,469 5 

Virginia 134 694 632 0.9 5,428,091 7,821 3,896,846 5,615 3,431,110 4,944 12,862 19 24,691 36 8,273 12 

Washington 39 62 6,975 112.5 3,904,959 62,983 3,206,490 51,718 11,828 191 6,832 110 782 13 426 7 

West Virginia 55 1,896 1,853 1.0 1,246,559 657 685,099 361 521,311 275 3,152 2 7,263 4 4,667 2 

Wisconsin 3,541 3,541 3,541 1.0 3,987,248 1,126 3,078,135 869 2,413,557 682 135 0 34,902 10 ...

Wyoming 23 306 482 1.6 240,438 786 250,701 819 183,413 599 33 0 2,449 8 1,154 4 

American Samoa 1 46 18 0.4 17,764 386 13,167 286 11,903 259 0 0 336 7 46 1 

Guam 1 22 58 2.6 50,701 2,305 34,075 1,549 32,492 1,477 144 7 286 13 3 0 

Puerto Rico 1 7,865 110 0.0 2,402,941 306 1,878,969 239 1,829,762 233 12,715 2 89,413 11 23,265 3 

Virgin Islands 1

Sum of Above 8,154 119,968 176,906 1.5 193,653,908 1,614 131,590,825 1,097 74,343,638 620 2,702,470 23 887,854 7 319,857 3 

States Included 54 53 54 51 48 50 46 

Question D2a D1 A1 F1a F1b E1 D3 F7:calc
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TABLE 43. SUMMARY OF SELECTED FACTORS PER POLLING PLACE 

Questions A1, D1, D2, D3, E1, F1, F7. Calculations for selected factors per polling place. 

Note: This table summarizes information from several tables and calculates the value of the unit in each category per polling place. These 

values are provided to give an overview of the distribution of these factors amongst the States and are merely illustrative.
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APPENDIX C 

Questionnaire 

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

2012 Election Administration & Voting Survey

The ongoing process of improving America’s election systems relies in part on having accurate data about 

the way Americans cast their ballots. In 2002, Congress chartered the U.S. Election Assistance Commission 

(EAC) to collect information on the state of American elections and make it widely available to policy makers, 

advocates, scholars, journalists and the general public. Since 2004, the Commission has sponsored a 

biennial survey as its primary tool for fulfilling that mission. We are pleased to present the 2012 Election 

Administration and Voting Survey, and we ask for your help in making it the most complete and accurate 

survey in its history. 

The questions below ask for information about ballots cast; voter registration; overseas and military voting;

Election Day activities; voting technology; and other important issues. The section concerning the 

Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Voting Act (UOCAVA) serves as the EAC’s standardized format for state 

reporting of UOCAVA voting information as required by 42 U.S.C. §1973ff-1. States that complete and timely 

submit this section to the EAC will fulfill their UOCAVA reporting requirement under 42 U.S.C. §1973ff-1(c). 

Additionally, EAC is mandated by the National Voter Registration Act (NVRA) to collection information from 

states concerning the impact of that statute on the administration of Federal elections. With this information 

EAC is required to make a report to Congress and provide recommendations for the improvement of Federal 

and State procedures, forms, and other NVRA matters. States that timely respond to all questions in this 

survey concerning voter registration related matters will meet their NVRA reporting requirements under 42 

U.S.C. § 1973gg-7 and EAC regulations.

The EAC recognizes the burden that asking for this data places on state and local election officials, and we 

have worked to minimize that burden as much as possible. 

In advance, we thank you for your cooperation and look forward to answering any questions you might have.

Information supplied by:

Name Title

Office/Agency name

Address 1

Address 2

City State Zip Code

E-mail address

Telephone (area code and number) Extension Fax number (area code and number)

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Instructions for Completing the 2012 Election Administration & Voting Survey

1. This survey collects information on election administration issues in local election offices (typically counties or townships) 

that are responsible for the administration of the November 2012 general election. As such, all data should be reported at the 

level of the local jurisdiction. However, the State or Territorial level election office may fill out any or all of the information on 

behalf of the local election offices under its jurisdiction. 

2. Do not leave items blank - always provide an answer to the question asked using the “Data not available” or “Other” 

categories discussed below, if needed.

3. Use the “Data not available” box if the question asks for details that are not required by your state law or the question asks 

for information that is not currently collected.

4. You may find it helpful to read an entire section before answering any of the questions in that section.

5. Please attempt to record data according to the categories as they are defined in the question. If your jurisdiction uses a 

different data classification scheme (for instance, collects data in such a way that combines two or more categories listed in a 

question), you can use the space provided for “Other” to provide numbers and details on these categories. Use as many 

“Other” categories as you need to adequately report the relevant statistics for your jurisdiction. If you enter information into the 

“Other” field, please use the comments field to provide an explanation for the answer.

In the example below, the jurisdiction does not collect separate statistics on the number of duplicate and rejected registration

forms, but instead has only one number that represents the total number of registration forms that are either duplicated/or 

rejected. 

EXAMPLE:

A5. In order to evaluate the workflow of your office over the last election cycle, enter the total number of registration 

forms your jurisdiction received from all sources during the period from the close of registration for the November

2010 general election until the close of registration for the November 2012 general election. Include here any Election 

Day or Same Day registrations, if applicable. Also include any special categories of voters who may have extended 

deadlines, such as returning military personnel, if applicable. 

A5a. Total ................... 5000 Data not 

available

Next, divide the total number of registration application forms received (as entered in A5a) into the following categories. 

The amounts should sum to the total provided in A4a. 

Data not 

available

▼

A5b. New registrations .............................................. 4000 ............

A5c. Invalid or rejected (other than duplicates) .............................................. ............

A5d. Duplicate of existing registration .............................................. ............

A5e. Changes to name, party or within-jurisdiction address change ............................. 500 ............

A5f. Moved into jurisdiction but was registered elsewhere in the state.......................... 200 ............

A5g. Other→ comments: duplicate and invalid registrations combined ........................ 300 

A5h. Other→ comments: _ ........................................ 

TOTAL .............................................. 5000 

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SECTION A VOTER REGISTRATION

EAC is mandated by the National Voter Registration Act (NVRA) to collection information from states concerning the 

impact of that statute on the administration of Federal elections. With this information EAC is required to make a 

report to Congress and provide recommendations for the improvement of Federal and State procedures, forms, and 

other NVRA matters. States that timely respond to all questions in this survey concerning voter registration related 

matters will meet their NVRA reporting requirements under 42 U.S.C. § 1973gg-7 and EAC regulations.

Roadmap to Section A:

• A1, A2 and A3 ask for information about the number of registered voters in your jurisdiction and how you calculate 

those statistics.

• A4 asks for information about registration activity on days in which it was possible for a person to both register and 

vote on the same day.

• A5 asks for information on all registration forms for all types of registration transactions (successful and 

unsuccessful) received by your office.

• A6 asks for the sources of all registration forms (both successful and unsuccessful).

• A7 asks for the sources of new registrations.

• A8 asks for the sources of duplicate registrations.

• A9 asks for the sources of invalid or rejected registrations.

• A10 asks for information on removal notices sent under NVRA Section 8(d) 2.

• A11 asks for the number of voters removed from the voter registration rolls and the reason for their removal.

A1. Enter the total number of persons in your jurisdiction who were registered and eligible to vote in the November 

2012 general election. Include all persons eligible to vote in the election including special categories of voters with 

extended deadlines (such as returning military). Do not include any persons under the age of 18 who may be registered 

under a “pre-registration” program.

A1a. Total ................................................................................ Data not 

available

A1 Comments

A2. When you report the number of registered voters in your jurisdiction for the November 2012 general election (as in 

A1a) do you include both active and inactive voters in the count, or does your jurisdiction only include active

voters? (Select only one)

A2a. Jurisdiction uses both active and inactive registered voters ..............................................................

A2b. Jurisdiction only uses active registered voters ...................................................................................

A2c. Other → comments: ____________________...................................................................................

A2 Comments

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A3. Enter the total number of persons who were registered and eligible to vote in the November 2012 general election 

into the following categories. Do not include any persons under the age of 18 who may be registered under a “pre-registration” 

program.

Data not 

available

▼

A3a. Active ....................................................................

A3b. Inactive ....................................................................

A3 Comments

A4. If your state’s laws allowed any voters to register and then to vote on the same day, enter the total number of 

registration forms received on those days in which it was possible to both register for and vote in the November 

2012 general election on the same day. This question includes jurisdictions in states that have formal Election Day 

Registration or Same Day Registration and those states that have other situations that provide Election Day Registration or 

Same Day Registration. This question includes jurisdictions in states that permit Election Day Registration for voting for 

office of President, such as Connecticut and Rhode Island.

A4a. Total new registrations... ........................................................ Data not available

................................................................................................................................... Not applicable

A4b. Are the numbers you provided for question A4a because your state allows Election Day Registration or Same 

Day Registration for all voters, or does your answer come from a difference circumstance?

.....Yes, our state has Election Day Registration or Same Day Registration.

.... No, our state does not have formal Election Day Registration or Same Day Registration, but some voters were able to

 register and vote on the same day for the 2012 election.

.... Other  comments: ________________________________

.... Not applicable.

A4 Comments

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A5. In order to evaluate the workflow of your office over the last election cycle, enter the total number of forms your 

jurisdiction received from all sources during the period from the close of registration for the November 2010 general 

election until the close of registration for the November 2012 general election. Include any forms that were processed, 

such as changes to name, party or address, duplicates, or pre-registrations. Include here any Election Day or Same Day 

registrations, if applicable. Also include any special categories of voters who may have extended deadlines such as returning

military personnel, if applicable. 

A5a. Total ..... Data not available

Next, divide the total number of registration application forms received (as entered in A5a) into the following 

categories. The amounts should sum to the total provided in A5a. 

Data not available

▼

A5b. New valid registrations (excluding pre-registrations of persons under 18)... ..................

A5c. New “pre” registrations of persons under age 18 ........................................ ..................

A5d. Duplicate of existing valid registration .......................................... ..................

A5e. Invalid or rejected (other than duplicates) .......................................... ..................

A5f. Changes to name, party or within-jurisdiction address change .................... ..................

A5g. Address changes that cross jurisdiction borders.......................................... ..................

A5h. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

A5i. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

A5j. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

A5k. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

A5l. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

TOTAL .......................................... A5a 

A5 Comments

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A6a through A6o: Divide the total number of all registration forms received (as entered in A5a) into the following sources.

A7a through A7o: Divide the total number of new registration forms received (as entered in A5b) into the following sources. 

A8a through A8o: Divide the total number of duplicate registration forms received (as entered in A5d) into the following sources. 

A9a through A9o: Divide the total number of invalid or rejected registration forms (as entered in A5e) received into the following sources. 

(from A5a) (from A5b) (from A5d) (from A5e)

*Sub-question “e” should include all forms handled through the

public assistance agency process (i.e., paper, online). A6. Total forms 

received

A7. New

registrations

A8. Duplicate of

existing

registrations

A9. Invalid or

rejected

NA NA NA NA

▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

a. Individual voters submitting applications by mail, fax, or email ................

b. Individual voters registering in person at the election/registrar’s office .....

c. Individual voters submitting registration forms via the Internet.................

d. Motor vehicle offices or other offices that issue drivers licenses...............

e.* Public assistance offices mandated as registration sites under NVRA .....

f. State funded agencies primarily serving persons with disabilities.............

g. Armed forces recruitment offices..............................................................

h. Other agencies designated by the State not mandated by NVRA.............

i. Registration drives from advocacy groups or political parties ..................

j. Other → comments:_______________________________ .................

k. Other → comments:_______________________________ ...............

l. Other → comments: ______________________________ ...............

m. Other → comments:_______________________________ ...............

n. Other → comments: ______________________________ ...............

o. Other → comments:_______________________________ ...............

TOTAL............................................................................................................. A5a A5b A5d A5e

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A6, A7, A8, and A9 Comments

A10. Enter the total number of confirmation notices sent to voters in the period between the close of registration for the

November 2010 general election and the close of registration for the November 2012 general election, because the

person had not voted or appeared to vote in the two previous federal elections (per NVRA Section 8 (d) (2)). 

A10a. Total ..... Data not available

Next, divide the total number of confirmation notices mailed (as entered in A10a) into the following categories. The 

amounts should sum to the total provided in A10a. 

Data not available

▼

A10b. Received back from voters confirming registration ............................................... .......

A10c. Received back confirming registration should be invalidated................................ .......

A10d. Returned back as undeliverable ..................................................... .......

A10e. Status unknown (neither received confirmation nor returned undeliverable)......... .......

A10f. Other → comments: ____________________..................................................... 

A10g. Other → comments: ____________________..................................................... 

A10h. Other → comments: ____________________..................................................... 

TOTAL ................................................. A10a 

A10 Comments

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A11. Enter the total number of voters removed from the voter registration rolls in your jurisdiction in the period between 

the close of registration for the November 2010 general election and the close of registration for the November 2012

general election. Note this question asks for those ineligible to vote, not merely those moved into an “inactive” status. 

A11a. Total ..... Data not available

Next, divide the total number of voters removed (as entered in A11a) into the following categories. The amounts 

should sum to the total provided in A11a. 

Data not available

▼

A11b. Moved outside jurisdiction .......................................... ..................

A11c. Death .......................................... ..................

A11d. Disqualifying felony conviction .......................................... ..................

A11e. Failure to respond to notice sent and failure to vote in the two most recent 

federal elections .......................................... ..................

A11f. Declared mentally incompetent .......................................... ..................

A11g. Voter requested to be removed for reasons other than felony conviction, 

mental status, or moved outside jurisdiction .......................................... ..................

A11h. Other → comments: ____________________.......................................... 

A11i. Other → comments: ____________________.......................................... 

A11j. Other → comments: ____________________.......................................... 

A11k. Other → comments: ____________________.......................................... 

TOTAL .......................................... A11a 

A11 Comments

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SECTION B UNIFORMED & OVERSEAS CITIZENS ABSENTEE VOTING ACT (UOCAVA)

Section B serves as the EAC’s standardized format for the state reporting of UOCAVA voting information as 

required by 42 U.S.C. §1973ff-1. States that complete and timely submit this section to the EAC will fulfill their 

UOCAVA reporting requirement under 42 U.S.C §1973ff-1(c). 

Pursuant UOCAVA, this section collects various data elements needed to determine: (1) the combined number of 

absentee ballots transmitted to UOCAVA voters; (2) the combined number of ballots returned by UOCAVA voters; 

and (3) the combined number of returned ballots cast by UOCAVA voters (the number of cast ballots is practically 

determined by collecting data concerning the total votes counted and rejected).

Roadmap to Section B:

• B1 and B2 ask for information about the number and type of UOCAVA absentee ballots transmitted.

• B3 asks for the number and type of all UOCAVA ballots returned and submitted for counting.

• B4, B5, B6, and B7 asks for information on the type of UOCAVA ballot returned by type of UOCAVA voter.

• B8 asks for the number and type of all UOCAVA ballots counted.

• B9, B10, B11, and B12 asks for information on the type of UOCAVA ballot counted by type of UOCAVA voter.

• B13 asks for the number and type of all UOCAVA ballots rejected.

• B14 asks for information on reasons why UOCAVA ballots were rejected.

• B15, B16, B17, and B18 asks for information on the type of UOCAVA ballot rejected by type of UOCAVA voter.

B1. Enter the total number of absentee ballots transmitted to UOCAVA voters for the November 2012 general election. 

B1a. Total ..... Data not available

Next, divide the total number of absentee ballots transmitted to UOCAVA voters (as entered in B1a) into the

following categories. The amounts should sum to the total provided in B1a.

Data not available

▼

B1b. Uniformed services voters – domestic or foreign ......................................... ..................

B1c. Non-military/civilian overseas voters .......................................... ..................

B1d. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

B1e. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

TOTAL .......................................... B1a 

B1 Comments

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B2. Of the UOCAVA absentee ballots transmitted (as entered in B1a) how many were: 

Data not available

▼

B2a. Returned by voter and submitted for counting (include both those that 

were counted and those that were rejected) .......................................... .................. 

B2b. Returned as undeliverable .......................................... ..................

B2c. Spoiled or replaced ballots .......................................... ..................

B2d. Status unknown (neither returned undeliverable nor returned from voter)... ..................

B2e. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

B2f. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

B2g. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

TOTAL .......................................... B1a 

B2 Comments

B3. Enter the total number of all UOCAVA ballots (including regular UOCAVA absentee ballots and Federal Write-in

Absentee Ballots (FWAB)) returned by UOCAVA voters and submitted for counting for the November 2012 general 

election. Please include both those ballots that were later counted and those that were rejected. Do not include ballots that 

were returned undeliverable.

B3a. Total ..... Data not available

B3 Comments

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B4a through B4c. Divide the total number of UOCAVA ballots returned by UOCAVA voters and submitted for counting

(as entered in B3) into each category of UOCAVA voter below.

Next, for each type of UOCAVA voter, enter the number of:

• B5a through B5c: Regular UOCAVA absentee ballots returned and submitted for counting.

• B6a through B6c: FWAB returned and submitted for counting.

• B7a through B7c: Other type of ballots returned and submitted for counting.

Of the total UOCAVA ballots returned (as entered in B3), 

how many were ballots of each of the following ballot types:

B4. All UOCAVA 

ballots

B5. Absentee 

ballots

B6. FWAB B7. Other type of 

ballot →

NA NA NA NA

▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

Type of UOCAVA voter:

a. Uniformed services voters – domestic or 

foreign

b. Non-military/civilian overseas voters

c. Other type of voter→

comments: 

TOTAL B3

B4, B5, B6, and B7 Comments

B8. Enter the total number of all UOCAVA ballots (including regular UOCAVA absentee ballots and FWAB) counted in

the November 2012 general election. 

B8a. Total..................................................................... ....................

Data not available

B8 Comments

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B9a through B9c. Divide the total number of UOCAVA ballots counted (as entered in B8) into each category of 

UOCAVA voter below.

Next, for each type of UOCAVA voter, enter the number of:

• B10a through B10c: Regular UOCAVA absentee ballots counted.

• B11a through B11c: FWAB counted.

• B12a through B12c: Other type of ballots counted.

Of the total UOCAVA ballots counted (as entered in B8), 

how many were ballots of each of the following ballot types:

B9. All 

UOCAVA 

ballots

B10. Absentee 

ballots

B11. FWAB B12. Other type 

of ballot →

NA NA NA NA

▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

Type of UOCAVA voter:

a. Uniformed services voters – domestic or 

foreign..............................................................

b. Non-military/civilian overseas voters ................

c. Other type of voter →.......................................

comments: _________________________

TOTAL................................................................. B8

B9, B10, B11 and B12 Comments

B13. Enter the total number of UOCAVA ballots (including regular UOCAVA absentee ballots and FWAB) rejected in

the November 2012 general election. 

B13a. Total...................... ...................... Data not available

B13 Comments

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B14. Please divide the total number of all UOCAVA ballots rejected (as entered in B13a) into the following 

categories indicating the reason the absentee ballots were rejected. The amounts should sum to the total provided in 

B13a.

Data not available

▼

B14a. Ballot not received on time/missed deadline. .......................................... .................

B14b. Problem with voter signature .......................................... .................

B14c. Ballot lacked a postmark .......................................... .................

B14d. Other → comments: ________________________________ .................. 

B14e. Other → comments: ________________________________................... 

B14f. Other → comments: ________________________________ .................. 

TOTAL .......................................... B13a 

B14 Comments

B15a through B15c. Divide the total number of UOCAVA ballots rejected (as entered in B13) into each category of 

UOCAVA voter below.

Next, for each type of UOCAVA voter, enter the number of:

• B16a through B16c: Regular UOCAVA absentee ballots rejected.

• B17a through B17c: FWAB rejected.

• B18a through B18c: Other type of ballots rejected.

Of the total UOCAVA ballots rejected (as entered in B13), 

how many were ballots of each of the following ballot types:

B15. All 

UOCAVA 

ballots

B16. Absentee 

ballots

B17. FWAB B18. Other type of 

ballot →

NA NA NA NA

▼ ▼ ▼ ▼

Type of UOCAVA voter:

a. Uniformed services voters – domestic or 

foreign

b. Non-military/civilian overseas voters

c. Other type of voter →

comments ____________________________

TOTAL B13

B15, B16, B17, and B18 Comments

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SECTION C Domestic Civilian Absentee Ballots

Roadmap to Section C.

• C1 asks for information about absentee ballots transmitted and the status of the transmitted ballots.

• C2 and C3 ask for information on any voters who may be registered as permanent absentee voters.

• C4 asks for information on the status of absentee ballots returned and submitted for counting.

• C5 asks for information on the reasons absentee ballots were rejected.

C1. Enter the total number of domestic civilian absentee ballots transmitted to voters for the November 2012 general 

election. Do not include absentee ballots transmitted to UOCAVA voters

C1a. Total ..... Data not available

Next, divide the total number of absentee ballots transmitted to voters (as entered in C1a) into the following 

categories. The amounts should sum to the total provided in C1a.

Data not available

▼

C1b. Returned by voters and submitted for counting (include both 

those that were later counted and those that were rejected)........................ .................

C1c. Returned as undeliverable .......................................... .................

C1d. Spoiled or replaced ballots .......................................... .................

C1e. Status unknown (neither returned undeliverable nor returned from voter).... .................

C1f. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

C1g. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

C1h. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

TOTAL .......................................... C1a 

C1 Comments

C2. Does your jurisdiction have a permanent absentee voter registration list in which voters may apply to receive an 

absentee (or mail) ballot for subsequent elections without further application? Do not include UOCAVA voters.

....... Yes → Continue to question C3.

....... No → Skip to question C4.

C2 Comments

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C3. Of the total number of domestic civilian absentee ballots transmitted (as entered in C1) how many ballots were 

sent to voters in your jurisdiction because they appear on a permanent absentee (or mail) ballot voter 

registration list? 

Total ..... Data not available

C3 Comments

C4. Of the total number of absentee ballots returned by voters and submitted for counting (as entered in C1b) how 

many ballots were: 

Data not available

▼

C4a. Counted in the November 2012 general election.......................................... .................

C4b. Rejected in the November 2012 general election......................................... .................

C4c. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

C4d. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

TOTAL .......................................... C1b 

C4 Comments

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C5. Please divide the total number of domestic civilian absentee ballots rejected (as entered in C4b) into the following 

categories indicating the reason why the absentee ballots were rejected. The amounts should sum to the total 

provided in C4b. 

Data not available

▼

C5a. Ballot not received on time/missed deadline. .......................................... .................

C5b. No voter signature .......................................... .................

C5c. No witness signature .......................................... .................

C5d. Non-matching signature .......................................... .................

C5e. No election official’s signature on ballot .......................................... .................

C5f. Ballot returned in an unofficial envelope .......................................... .................

C5g. Ballot missing from envelope .......................................... .................

C5h. Envelope not sealed .......................................... .................

C5i. No resident address on envelope .......................................... .................

C5j. Multiple ballots returned in one envelope. .......................................... .................

C5k. Voter deceased. .......................................... .................

C5l. Voter already voted in person .......................................... .................

C5m. First-time voter without proper identification .......................................... .................

C5n. No ballot application on record .......................................... .................

C5o. Other → comments: ________________________________ .................... 

C5p. Other → comments: ________________________________ .................... 

C5q. Other → comments: ________________________________ .................... 

C5r. Other → comments: ________________________________ .................... 

C5s. Other → comments: ________________________________..................... 

C5t. Other → comments: ________________________________ .................... 

C5u. Other → comments: ________________________________ .................... 

C5v. Other → comments: ________________________________..................... 

TOTAL .......................................... C4b 

C5 Comments

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SECTION D Election Administration

• D1 asks for information on the number of precincts in your jurisdiction

• D2 asks for information on the number and type of polling places in your jurisdiction

• D3, D4, and D5 ask for information on poll workers utilized in the November 2012 general election.

D1. Enter the total number of precincts in your jurisdictions for the November 2012 general election. 

D1a. Total ..... Data not available

D1 Comments

D2. Enter the total number of physical polling places in your jurisdiction for the November 2012 general election. 

Please include physical polling places in operation on Election Day and physical polling places in operation before 

Election Day (such as early vote centers).

D2a. Total ..... Data not available

Next, divide the total physical polling places in your jurisdiction (as entered in D2a) into the following categories.

The amounts should sum to the total provided in D2a. If you do not include election offices in your count of polling places, 

enter 0.

Data not available

▼

Election Day voting

D2b. Physical polling places other than election offices ........................................ .................

D2c. Election offices .......................................... .................

D2d. Other → comments: ________________________________.................... 

Early voting

D2e. Physical polling places other than election offices ........................................ .................

D2f. Election offices .......................................... .................

D2g. Other → comments: ________________________________ .................... 

TOTAL .......................................... D2a 

D2 Comments

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D3. Enter the total number of poll workers used in your jurisdiction for the November 2012 general election. 

• Poll workers may include election judges, booth workers, wardens, commissioners, or other similar terms that refer to 

persons who verify the identity of a voter; assist the voter with signing the register, affidavits or other documents 

required to cast a ballot; assist the voter by providing the voter with a ballot or setting up the voting machine for the 

voter; and serving other functions as dictated by State law. 

• Include all people recruited specifically for the purposes of working at physical polling places in operation on and/or 

before Election Day, but, do not include observers stationed at the polling places or regular office staff. 

D3a. Total ..... Data not available

D3 Comments

D4. If your jurisdiction has data on the ages of its poll workers (for example, from voter registration records, payroll 

records or from poll worker applications), enter the total number of poll workers in each age category.

D4a. Under 18 years old 

D4b. 18 to 25 

D4c. 26 to 40 

D4d. 41 to 60 

D4e. 61 to 70 

D4f. 71 years old and over 

................................................................................................................................ Data not available

D4 Comments

D5. How difficult or easy was it for your jurisdiction to obtain a sufficient number of poll workers for the November 

2012 general election? 

....... Very difficult

....... Somewhat difficult

....... Neither difficult nor easy

....... Somewhat easy

....... Very easy

....... Not enough information to answer

D5 Comments

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SECTION E Provisional Ballots

• E1 asks for the information on the number and status of provisional ballots submitted.

• E2 asks for the information on reasons why provisional ballots were rejected.

E1. Enter the total number of voters who submitted provisional ballots in the November 2012 general election. 

E1a.Total ..... Data not available

Next, divide the total number of voters who submitted provisional ballots in the November 2012 general election (as

entered in E1) into the following categories. 

Data not available

▼

E1b. Counted the full ballot .......................................... 

E1c. Counted part of the ballot .......................................... 

E1d. Rejected ballot .......................................... 

E1e. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

E1f. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

TOTAL .......................................... E1a 

E1 Comments

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E2. Please divide the total number of provisional ballots rejected (as entered in E1d) into the following categories 

indicating the reason the provision ballots were rejected. The amounts should sum to the total provided in E1d. 

Data not available

▼

E2a. Voter not registered in the state .......................................... 

E2b. Voter registered in state but attempted to vote in the wrong jurisdiction ....... 

E2c. Voter registered in state but attempted to vote in the wrong precinct............ 

E2d. Failure to provide sufficient identification .......................................... 

E2e. Envelope and/or ballot was incomplete and/or illegible................................. 

E2f. Ballot missing from envelope .......................................... 

E2g. No signature .......................................... 

E2h. Non-matching signature .......................................... 

E2i. Voter already voted .......................................... 

E2j. Other → comments: ________________________________................... 

E2k. Other → comments: ________________________________................... 

E2l. Other → comments: ________________________________................... 

E2m. Other → comments: ________________________________................... 

E2n. Other → comments: ________________________________................... 

E2o. Other → comments: ________________________________................... 

E2p. Other → comments: ________________________________................... 

TOTAL

Ed1

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SECTION F Election Day Activities

• F1 and F2 ask for turnout figures for the November 2012 general election and the source used to arrive at this 

number.

• F3 asks for the number of first time voters who registered to vote by mail and, under HAVA 303(b), were required to 

provide identification in order to vote.

• F4 asks for information on electronic poll books or electronic lists of voters that may have been used.

• F5 and F6 ask for information on printed poll books or printed lists of voters that may have been used.

• F7 asks for the type of primary voting equipment used.

• F8 solicits any additional comments jurisdictions may wish to share regarding their Election Day experiences.

F1. Enter the total number of people in your jurisdiction who participated in the November 2012 general election. 

Include all type of voters (civilian and military) by all types of ballots. Include rejected provisional ballots only if your 

jurisdiction credits the person’s vote history even though the provisional ballot was rejected. 

F1a. Total ..... Data not available

Next, divide the total number people who participated in the November 2012 general election (as entered in F1a) 

into the following categories. The amounts should sum to the total provided in F1a. 

Data not available

▼

F1b. Voted at a physical polling place on Election Day (not including provisional ballots 

or absentee ballots dropped off at the polls). .......................................... 

F1c. UOCAVA voters who voted via absentee or FWAB (as in B2a) .................... 

F1d. Voted using a domestic civilian absentee ballot (as in C1b).......................... 

F1e. Voted using a provisional ballot (as in E1) .......................................... 

F1f. Voted at an early vote center (as in D2e,f,g)........................................... 

F1g. Voted by mail in a vote by mail jurisdiction .......................................... 

F1h. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

F1i. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

F1j. Other → comments: ____________________ .......................................... 

TOTAL .......................................... F1a 

F1 Comments

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F2. Indicate the source used to arrive at the total number of voters entered in F1a. (Select only one source.)

....... Number of voters checked off by poll workers or who signed poll books at physical polling places plus the 

number of UOCAVA and other absentee or early voters.

....... Number of ballots counted at precincts and/or at a central location (including UOCAVA and other absentee or 

early vote ballots)

....... Number of voters generated after "vote history" has been added.

....... Number of votes cast for the highest office on the ballot.

....... Other:→ comments: ________________________________

F2 Comments

F3. HAVA 303(b) states that all first-time voters in a State who registered to vote by mail are required to provide 

identification in order to vote and have their ballot counted. Enter the number of voters who provided 

identification and were able to vote in the November 2012 general election in your jurisdiction. 

Total ..... Data not available

.................. Not applicable

F3 Comments

F4. Were electronic poll books or electronic lists of voters used at the polling place for the November 2012 general 

election in your jurisdiction to (select either Yes or No for each item):

Yes No

a. Sign voters in .......................................................................

b. Update voter history.............................................................

c. Look up polling places..........................................................

d. Other → comments: _____________________________ .

e. Information unavailable........................................................

F4 Comments

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F5. Did your jurisdiction use printed lists of registered voters at the polls in the November 2012 Federal general 

election? 

Yes ............................................ → Continue to F6

No.............................................. → Skip to F7

Information unavailable .............. → Skip to F7

F5 Comments

F6. Did your state print and ship the printed poll books to your local jurisdiction or did your jurisdiction arrange for 

the printing of the poll books? (Select only one.)

State printed poll books and shipped to jurisdiction......................................

Jurisdiction arranged for printing of poll books .............................................

Combination of printing by the state and local jurisdiction ...........................

Information unavailable ................................................................................

F6 Comments

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F7. Enter information on the number and type of voting equipment used for the 2012 November general election. Then, for each type of voting equipment, 

please identify how the machines were used in the voting process and where the ballots from that machine type were tallied. Do not include backup systems 

that were not actually used.

Type of Equipment Number 

used Make Model Version Vendor Machine use (select all that apply) Location of Vote Tally (select all that apply)

F7a. Direct Recording 

Electronic (DRE)

(Not Equipped with Voter 

Verified Paper Audit Trail 

(VVPAT))

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

In-Precinct regular ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Special Device accessible to disabled voters

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Provisional Ballot voting 

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Early Vote Site voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Not Available

F7b. Direct Recording 

Electronic (DRE)

(Equipped with VVPAT)

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

In-Precinct regular ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Special Device accessible to disabled voters

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Provisional Ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Early Vote Site voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Not Available

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Type of Equipment Number 

used Make Model Version Vendor Machine use (select all that apply) Location of Vote Tally (select all that apply)

F7c. Electronic system 

that prints voter choices 

on an optical scan ballot 

(hybrid of a DRE and an 

optical scan system)

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

In-Precinct regular ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Special Device accessible to disabled voters

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Provisional Ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Early Vote Site voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Not Available

F7d. Optical/Digital Scan

Number of

counters: 

______

Number of

booths:

______

Not 

Available Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

In-Precinct regular ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Special Device accessible to disabled voters

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Provisional Ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Early Vote Site voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Absentee

A Central Location 

Not Available

Not Available

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Type of Equipment Number 

used Make Model Version Vendor Machine use (select all that apply) Location of Vote Tally (select all that apply)

F7c. Electronic system 

that prints voter choices 

on an optical scan ballot 

(hybrid of a DRE and an 

optical scan system)

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

In-Precinct regular ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Special Device accessible to disabled voters

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Provisional Ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Early Vote Site voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Not Available

F7d. Optical/Digital Scan

Number of

counters: 

______

Number of

booths:

______

Not 

Available Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

In-Precinct regular ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Special Device accessible to disabled voters

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Provisional Ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Early Vote Site voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Absentee

A Central Location 

Not Available

Not Available

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Type of Equipment Number 

used

Make Model Version Vendor Machine use 

(select all that apply)

Location of Vote Tally 

(select all that apply)

F7e. Punch Card

Number of 

counters:

______

Number of 

booths:

______

Not 

Available Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

In-Precinct regular ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Special Device accessible to disabled voters

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available 

Provisional Ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Early Vote Site voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available Place

Absentee

A Central Location 

Not Available

Not Available

F7f. Lever

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

In-Precinct regular ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Special Device accessible to disabled voters

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Early Vote Site voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available 

Not Available

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Type of Equipment Number 

used

Make Model Version Vendor Machine use 

(select all that apply)

Location of Vote Tally 

(select all that apply)

F7g. Hand-counted 

paper ballots (not optical 

scan system)

Number of 

booths:

______

Not 

Available

In-Precinct regular ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available Place

Special Device accessible to disabled voters

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available Place

Provisional Ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available Place

Early Vote Site voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Absentee

A Central Location 

Not Available 

Not Available

F7h. Other

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

In-Precinct regular ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Special Device accessible to disabled voters

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available 

Provisional Ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Early Vote Site voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available Place

Absentee A Central Location 

Not Available

Not Available

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F8. The U.S. Election Assistance Commission welcomes any general comments the jurisdiction may wish to share regarding its Election Day experiences 

(e.g., problems with voting system anomalies*, recounts, staffing, challenges to eligibility, long lines, etc.), or note-worthy success in administering the 

November 2012 general election. Please feel free to attach additional pages as necessary.

* An anomaly is defined as an irregular or inconsistent action or response from the voting system or system component resulting in some disruption to the election 

process. Incidents resulting from administrator error or procedural deficiencies are not considered anomalies for purposes of this survey question (EAC Voting Systems 

Testing and Certification Program Manual).

Type of Equipment Number 

used

Make Model Version Vendor Machine use 

(select all that apply)

Location of Vote Tally 

(select all that apply)

F7i. Other

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

Not 

Available

In-Precinct regular ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Special Device accessible to disabled voters

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available 

Provisional Ballot voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available

Early Vote Site voting

A Central Location 

Precinct/Polling Place

Not Available Place

Absentee

A Central Location 

Not Available

Not Available

OMB Control No. 3265-0006 Expiration Date 5/31/1
THE 2 012 ELECTION ADMINISTRATION AND VOTING SURVEY • 117

U.S. ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

END OF SURVEY

THANK YOU FOR RESPONDING TO THIS SURVEY

*This information collection is required for the U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC) to meet its statutory requirements under 

the Help America Vote Act (HAVA) of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 15301), the National Voter Registration Act (NVRA) (42 U.S.C. 1973gg-1 et seq.), 

and the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voters Act (UOCAVA) (42 U.S.C. 1973ff-1). Respondent’s obligation to reply to this 

information collection is mandatory as required under NVRA (42 U.S.C. 1973gg-1 et seq.) and UOCAVA (42 U.S.C. 1973ff-1); respondents include the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. Territories. This information will be made publicly available on the 

EAC Web site (http://www.eac.gov). According to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and 

a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 

control number. The valid OMB control number for this information collection is OMB Control No. 3265-0006 (expires 5/31/2013). The 

time required to complete this information collection is estimated to average 88 hours per State response. This estimate includes the 

time for reviewing the instructions, gathering information, and completing the form. Comments regarding this burden estimate should 

be sent the U.S. Election Assistance Commission – 2012 Election Administration and Voting Survey, 1201 New York Avenue, Suite 

300, Washington, DC 20005.

OMB Control No. 3265-0006 Expiration Date 5/31/1
U.S. Election Assistance Commission

1201 New York Avenue, NW • Suite 300 • Washington, DC 20005 • 866-747-1471 (toll free) • HAVAinfo@eac.gov • www.eac.gov

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION