c 

DNA 

SHOT HOOD 

A Test of the Series 

United States Atmospheric Nuclear Weapons Tests 

Nuclear Test Personnel Review 

Prepared by the Defense Nuclear Agency as Executive Agency 

for the Department of Defense 
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REPORT NUMBER 

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2. GOVT ACCESSION NO. RECIPIENT’S CATALOG NUMBER 

1. TITLE 

SHOT HOOD 

A Test of the Series 

TYPE OF REPORT COVERED 

Technical Report, 

First Edition, 27 Feb 1981 

6. PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER 

JRB 2-816-03-423-00 

AUTHOR(a) 

Carl Maag, Martha Wilkinson, James Striegel, 

Burt Collins (Tech. Reps.) 

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DNA 001-79-C-0473 

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REPORT DATE 

13 May 1983 13. NUMBER OF PAGES 

108 

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SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 

For sale by the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161 

This work sponsored by the Defense Nuclear Agency under 

RMSS Code B350079464 

9. KEY WORDS on if by block number) 

HOOD Nevada Test Site 

AFSWP 

Ionizing Radiation AFSWC' 

Exercise Desert Rock Nuclear Weapons Tests 

Nevada Test Organization Atmospheric Nuclear Tests 

•••••• by block 

This report describes the activities of personnel, both military and 

civilian, in Shot HOOD, the sixth nuclear test in the atmospheric 

weapons testing series. The test was conducted on 5 July 1957 and involved 

participants from Exercise Desert Rock VII, AFSWP, AFSWC, and AEC 

test groups. This volume also describes the radiological safety criteria 

and procedures in effect at Shot HOOD. 

1473 EDITION OF 65 OBSOLETE UNCLASSIFIED 

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18. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES (Continued) 

The Defense Nuclear Agency Action Officer, Lt. Col. H. L. Reese, under whom 

this work was done, wishes to acknowledge the research and editing 

contribution of numerous reviewers in the Military Services and other 

organizations in addition to those writers listed in block 7. 

20. ABSTRACT (Continued) 

At the time of the first edition of SHOT HOOD, the after-action report 

describing the Marine brigade exercise (Provisional Atomic Exercise Brigade, 

Report of Exercise Desert Rock VII, Marine Corps) had not been located. For 

this edition, the after-action report has been used to corroborate, to 

correct, and to supplement accounts of the trooo exercise drawn from 

documents and interviews. This has resulted in'substantial revision of 

section 2.2. 

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PREFACE 

Between 1945 and 1962, the U.S. Government, through the 

Manhattan Engineer District and its successor the Atomic 

Energv Commission (AEC), conducted 235 atmospheric nuclear 

weapons tests at sites in the United States and in the Pacific 

and Atlantic Oceans. In all, an estimated 220,000 Department of 

Defense (DOD) participants, both military and civilian, were 

present at the tests. Of these, approximately 90,000 participated in the atmospheric nuclear weapons tests conducted at the 

Nevada Test Site (NTS), northwest of Las Vegas, Nevada. 

In 1977, 15 after the last above-ground weapons test, 

the Centers for Disease Control* noted a possible leukemia 

cluster among a small group of soldiers at Shot SMOKY, another 

test of Operation PLUMBBOB, the series of nuclear weapons tests 

conducted in 1957. Since that initial report the Centers for 

Disease Control, the Veterans Administration has received a 

number of claims for medical benefits from former militarv 

personnel who believe their health have been affected bv 

their participation in the weapons testing program. 

In late 1977, the DOD began a study to provide data to both 

the Centers for Disease Control and the Veterans Administration 

on potential exposures to ionizing radiation among the military 

and civilian participants in the atmospheric nuclear weapons 

tests. The DOD organized an effort to: 

Identifv DOD personnel who had taken part in the

atmospheric nuclear weapons tests 

*The Centers for Disease Control are an agency of the U.S. 

Department of Health and Human Services (formerlv the U.S.

Department of Health, Education, and Welfare). 
Determine the extent of the participants' exposure

to ionizing radiation 

Provide public disclosure of information concerning

participation DOD personnel in the atmospheric 

nuclear weapons tests. 

METHODS AND SOURCES USED TO PREPARE THIS VOLUME 

This report on Shot HOOD is based on the military and 

technical documents associated with this nuclear weapons test. 

of the documents pertaining specifically to DOD involvement 

in this event were found in the Defense Nuclear Agency Technical 

Library, the National Archives, the Department of Energv Nevada 

Operations Office, and the Los Scientific 

In most cases, the surviving historical documentation 

addresses test specifications and technical information rather 

than the personnel data critical to the undertaken the 

Department of Defense. Moreover, these documents sometimes 

reveal inconsistencies in vital facts, such as the number of DOD 

participants in a certain at a given shot or their 

locations and assignments at a given time. These inconsistencies 

usually occur two or more documents hut occasionally 

appear within the same document. Efforts have made to 

resolve these inconsistencies where possible or to bring them to 

the attention of the reader. 

In addition to these inconsistencies in information, documents from the Armed Forces Special Weapons do 

not always present project titles and agencies consistently. To 

make this information as uniform as possible, this report 

weapons test report titles for each Information concerning the dates and of the test detonation mav also vary 

among documents. All such information presented in this report 

is taken from the Department of Energv, Announced United States 

Nuclear Tests, 1945 through Other data on 
the test, such as meteorological conditions and nuclear cloud 

dimensions, are taken from DNA 1251-1, Compilation of Local 

Fallout Data from Test Detonations Volume 1, except in 

instances where more specific information is availahle elsewhere. 

For several of the Exercise Desert Rock and test organization discussed in this volume, the documents 

available are the Sixth Army Desert Rock operation orders and the 

Test Director's schedule of events from "Operation Order l-57." 

These sources detail the plans developed DOD and AEC personnel 

during Operation PLUMBBOB, but it is not known if all the 

were conducted as planned. Although some of the afteraction documents summarize the performed during the 

series, theg do not alwavs shot-specific information. In the absence of shot-specific after-action reports, 

are described according to the way thev were planned. 

The references indicate whether the description of activities is 

based on the schedule of events, operation orders, or afteraction reports. 

ORGANIZATION AND CONTENT OF THE PLUMBROR SERIES REPORTS 

This volume details participation bv DOD personnel in Shot 

HOOD, the sixth detonation of the Operation nuclear 

weapons testing series. Seven other publications address 

activities during the series: 

Series Volume: Operation PLUMBROR Atmospheric

Nuclear Weapons Tests, 

Multi-shot Volume: Shots ROLTZMANN to WILSON, the 

First Four Tests of the 

Series 

Shot Volume: Shot PRISCILLA, a Test of the 

Series 

• Multi-shot Volume: Shots DIABLO to FRANKLIN PRIME, 

the Mid-series Tests 
 

• Shot Volume: Shot SMOKY, a Test of the 

Series 

• Shot Volume: Shot GALILEO, a Test of the 

Series 

Multi-shot Volume: Shots WHEELER to MORGAN, the 

Final Tests. 

The Operation volumes are designed for use with one 

another. The series volume contains general information on 

topics such as the historical background of the test 

events, organizational relationships, and radiation safety procedures. In the series volume contains a bibliography of 

works consulted in the preparation of all eight Operation 

reports. The single-shot volumes, on the other hand, 

describe DOD participation in Shots HOOD, PRISCILLA, SMOKY, and 

GALILEO. These shots have been addressed in separate volumes 

because they involved suhstantial numbers of Desert Rock 

participants. The multi-shot volumes combine shot-specific 

descriptions for several nuclear events, each involving smaller 

numbers of DOD personnel. The shot and multi-shot volumes 

contain bihliographies of the sources referenced in each 

text. Descriptions of activities concerning anv particular shot 

in Operation may be supplemented by information on organization and radiological safety contained irt the 

series volume. 

The first chapter of this volume describes the physical 

setting of the HOOD detonation and introduces the Desert Rock 

maneuvers and those Nevada Test Organization diagnostic and 

scientific activities in which DOD personnel participated. 

Chapter 2 describes the Exercise Desert Rock VII and VIII 

conducted at Shot HOOD, while chapter 3 

describes various training activities, scientific experiments, 

and missions conducted the hut with DOD 

chapter 4, the radiological environment and safety 

procedures are described. Details of overall radiological 

4 
protection program at Operation are provided in the 

series volume. 

The information in this report is supplemented by the 

Reference Manual: Background Materials for the Volumes. 

The manual summarizes information on radiation physics, radiation 

health concepts, exposure criteria, and measurement techniques. 

It also lists acronyms and provides a glossary of terms used in 

the DOD reports addressing test events in the continental United 

states. 

5 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page 

........................... 1 

LIST OF FIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 

LIST OF TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 

HOOD SHOT SYNOPSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Chapter 

1 INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 

1.1 Setting and Characteristics of the

HOOD Detonation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 

1.2 Department of Defense Scientific,

Operational Training, and Support

Activities at Shot HOOD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 

1.3 Exercise Desert Rock Activities at 

Shot HOOD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2 EXERCISE DESERT ROCK VII OPERATIONS AT SHOT HOOD. . . . . 

2.1 Troop Observer Indoctrination

at Shot HOOD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

2.2 Troop Test Project at Shot HOOD. . . . . . . . . . . 22 

2.3 Radiological Training at Shot HOOD. . . . . 38 

2.4 Technical Service Projects at Shot HOOD. . . . . . . 39 

NEVADA TEST ORGANIZATION OPERATIONS AT SHOT HOOD. . . . . 

3.1 Field Command Weapons Effects Test Group

at Shot HOOD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 

3.2 Department of Defense Participation in

LASL and UCRL Test Group at Shot HOOD . . . 58 

3.3 Department of Defense Participation in 

Civil Effects Test Group at Shot HOOD . . . 59 

3.4 Department of Defense Operational Training

at Shot HOOD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3.5 Air Force Special Weapons Center

Activities at Shot HOOD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 

3.5.1 Cloud Sampling. ............... 62 

3.5.2 Courier Missions. .............. 65 

3.5.3 Cloud Tracking. ............... 

Cloud Penetration .............. 65 
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) 

Chapter Page 

3.5.5 Security Sweep Missions . . . . . . . . . . . 65 

3.5.6 Terrain Survey Missions . . . . . . . . . . . 66 

4 RADIATION PROTECTION AT SHOT HOOD . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 

4.1 Radiation Monitoring and Film Badge Readings 

for Participants in the Marine Brigade Exercise. . . 67 

4.2 Nevada Test Organization Radiation

Protection Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 

REFERENCE LIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 

LIST OF FIGURES 

Figure Page 

Location of Shot HOOD in the Nevada Test Site, 

in Relation to Other Shots in the Series . . . 13 

2-2 Aerial View of Trenches to Be Occupied by 4th Marine 

2-3 Marines Return to Camp Desert Rock after Shot DIABLO 

2-4 Observers at News Nob during the Countdown for 

2-5 Marine Corps Ontos Vehicle with the Shot HOOD 

l-2 View of Shot HOOD Detonation from News Nob. . . . . . . 14 

2-1 Troop Movement in Desert Rock Project 52.1. . . . . . . 23 

Corps Atomic Exercise Brigade . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 

Fails to Detonate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 

....................... 32 

Cloud in the Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 

2-6 Marine Corps Helicopters Landing to Recover Men and

Supplies after the Detonation of HOOD . . . . . . . . . 35 

2-7 Marines Boarding Helicopter after Shot HOOD . . . . . . 36 

4-1 Distribution of Total Film Badge Readings, Project 52.1,

Shot HOOD ....................... 70 

7 
- -

LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) 

Figure Page 

4-2 Distribution of Total Film Badge Readings, Project 52.1, 

Participants with Three Film Badges (Monitors). . . . . 72 

4-3 Initial Survey for Shot HOOD, 5 July 1957, 

Mid-time 0536 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 

4-4 Resurvey for Shot HOOD, 5 July 1957, Mid-time 1052. . . 76 

4-5 Resurvey for Shot HOOD, 6 July 1957, Mid-time 0613. . . 77 

4-6 Resurvey for Shot HOOD, 7 July 1957, Mid-time 0818. . . 78 

4-7 Resurvey for Shot HOOD, July 1957, Mid-time 0658. . . 79 

LIST OF TABLES 

Table Page 

2-1 Exercise Desert Rock VII Projects, Shot HOOD. . . . . . 21 

2-2 Subunits of the 4th Marine Corps Provisional

Atomic Exercise Brigade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 

Field Command Weapons Effects Test Group Projects,

Shot HOOD....................... 44 

3-2 LASL, UCRL, and CETG with DOD Personnel 

Involvement, Shot HOOD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 

3-3 DOD Operational Training Projects, Shot HOOD. . . . . . 60 

3-4 AFSWC Air Mission Support, Shot HOOD. . . . . . . . . . 63 
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS 

The following abbreviations and are used in this volume: 

AEC Atomic Energy Commission 

AFB Air Force Base 

AFSWC Air Force Special Weapons Center 

AFSWP Armed Forces Special Weapons

Buster-Jangle 

CETG Civil Effects Test Group

DOD Department of Defense

FCDA Federal Civil Defense Administration 

LASL Los Scientific Laboratory 

Landing Vehicles, Tracked

Nevada Test Organization 

NTS Nevada Test Site 

Reynolds Electrical and Engineering Companv

Roentgen per hour

UCRL University of California Radiation Laboratory 

USAF United States Air Force 

UTM Universal Transverse Mercator 
AEC Objective: 

DOD 

Weather: 

Radiation Data: 

Participants: 

HOOD 

SHOT SYNOPSIS 

AEC TEST SERIES: 

DOD EXERCISES: Desert Rock VII 

DATE/TIME: 0440 hours, 5 July 1957

YIELD: 74 kilotons 

HEIGHT OF BURST: 1,500 feet (balloon shot) 

To evaluate the nuclear and the blast, 

thermal, and radiation phenomena produced hv

this nuclear device. 

To obtain and evaluate information on the 

effects of a nuclear weapon. 

To train military personnel in nuclear 

weapons effects and to test militarv tactics 

and theory on a simulated nuclear battlefield. 

At shot-time, the temperature was 

relative humidity was percent, and 

was millibars. The wind was calm at 

surface level. At 20,000 feet, the wind was 

from the south at about knots. At 40,000 

feet, wind was from southwest at 

23 knots. 

About one hour after the shot, radiation 

intensities greater than 0.1 R/h were 

to within 2,000 meters of ground zero.

Intensities between 0.01 and 0.1 R/h extended 

up to 3,100 meters from ground zero. Minor 

fallout occurred to the 

northeast of the NTS. 

Atomic Energv Commission, Los 

Scientific Laboratory, University of

California Radiation Laboratorv, Exercise 

Desert Rock troops, Air Force Special Weapons

Center, Armed Forces Special Weapons

Department of Defense Laboratories, Federal 

Civil Defense Administration, DOD contractors. 

10 
CHAPTER 

INTRODUCTION 

Shot HOOD was a test of a 74-kiloton nuclear device conducted at 0440 hours Pacific Daylight Time on 5 July 1957 at the 

Nevada Test Site, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission continental 

nuclear test area located northwest of Las Vegas. HOOD was the 

sixth nuclear test of Operation PLUMBBOB, a series of 24 nuclear 

weapons tests and six safety experiments conducted between 

24 April and 7 October 1957. 

The HOOD nuclear device was sponsored, designed, and built 

for the Atomic Energy Commission the Universitv of California 

Radiation Laboratory (UCRL). The primary of the HOOD 

test was to evaluate nuclear yield and blast, thermal, and 

radiation phenomena. To fulfill this UCRL and the Los 

Scientific Laboratory fielded scientific and diagnostic 

experiments to study the characteristics of the detonation. The 

Armed Forces Special Weapons of the Department of Defense 

also performed experiments to determine the effects of the detonation on military equipment, material, structures, and ordnance. 

Other activities at Shot HOOD included Exercise Desert Rock 

VII. As part of this exercise, the armed services fielded eight 

to evaluate military equipment and tactics. In one 

the Marine Corps conducted a troop maneuver in the test 

area immediately after the detonation. This maneuver, which 

involved a Marine brigade and supporting units, included 

helicopter airlifts of assault troops, tactical air support, and 

air resupply. This was the largest single in 

Operation PLUMBBOB. 

11 
In addition to the eight Desert Hock the Department of Defense conducted four operational training projects at 

HOOD. The Federal Civil Defense Administration (FCDA) conducted 

another ten to assess the effects of nuclear detonations 

on civilian populations and to evaluate Civil Defense emergency 

preparedness plans. Department of Defense participation in these 

was limited. 

1.1 SETTING AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HOOD DETONATION 

Shot HOOD was originally scheduled for 27 June 1957. When 

Shot DIABLO, which was planned for 25 June 1957, was delayed by 

technical difficulties, HOOD was rescheduled for 3 July 1957. 

Additional difficulties further delayed the HOOD detonation until 

5 July. 

The nuclear device tested at Shot HOOD was suspended from a 

balloon 1,500 feet above Area 9 at UTM coordinates in 

the northeastern part of Yucca Flat. Figure indicates the 

location of the HOOD detonation in relation to other shots in 

Operation PLUMBBOB, and figure l-2 shows the detonation. 

At the time of the detonation, the wind was calm at surface 

level. Minutes after the detonation, the nuclear cloud reached 

35,000 to 48,000 feet,+ where the winds were from the southwest 

at 19 and 31 knots respectively. The residual radiation consisted primarily of neutron-induced activity around ground zero. 

*Universal Transverse Mercator (LJTM) coordinates are used in this 

report. The first three digits refer to a point on an east-west

axis, and the second three refer to a point on a north-south

axis. The point so designated is the southwest corner of an

area 100 meters square. 

are measured from mean sea level, unless otherwise 

noted. 

12 
SMOKY 

KEPLER 

JOHN 

WILSON WHEELER 

I 

CHARLESTON 

OWENS MORGAN 

I 

I 

Camp Mercury 

Rock 

Figure l-l: LOCATION OF SHOT HOOD IN THE NEVADA TEST SITE, IN RELATION TO OTHER SHOTS IN THE SERIES 

 

 

 

 fallout from HOOD was minor and occurred in an area 

north-northeast of the NTS 

1.2 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SCIENTIFIC, OPERATIONAL TRAINING, AND 

SUPPORT ACTIVITIES AT SHOT HOOD 

The Nevada Test Organization was established to plan, 

coordinate, and conduct atmospheric nuclear weapons tests during 

Operation activities of the were under the 

overall control of an AEC-appointed Test Manager, assisted by the 

Test Director. The was staffed personnel from the Atomic 

Energy Commission, the Department of Defense, and the Federal 

Civil Defense Administration, and included representatives from 

the AFSWP Weapons Effects Test Group (WETG), the LASL Test Group, 

the UCRL Test Group, and the FCDA Civil Effects Test Group 

(CETG). These test groups conducted more than military 

effects and diagnostic projects at Shot HOOD. More than half of 

these projects had DOD participants. Air Force and Marine 

personnel performed four other as part of the DOD operational training program. 

Personnel from DOD agencies and all four armed services 

participated in the experiments the four test 

groups, whose activities were coordinated bv the Test Director. 

The largest involvement, totaling at least individuals, 

was in the effects of the Weapons Effects Test 

Group. Only about 50 DOD personnel assisted in the 

conducted by the LASL, CETG test groups. Participants 

in the scientific and diagnostic experiments placed 

collection instruments around the point of detonation in the davs 

and weeks preceding the scheduled event. Participants began 

*All sources cited in the text are listed alphaheticallv and 

numbered in the Reference List, appended to this volume. The 

number given in the text corresponds to the number of the source 

document in the Reference List. 

15 
~------

recovering the instruments and equipment after the Test Manager 

declared recovery hour at 0608 hours on shot-dav (18). 

The operational training which involved about 

14 Air Force personnel and 19 Marines, were designed to test 

service tactics and equipment and to instruct militarv personnel 

in the effects of a nuclear detonation. Three of these projects 

required to fly their aircraft in the of the 

Nevada Test Site to observe or photograph the fireball and the 

rise of the resulting nuclear cloud. The fourth project evaluated the accuracy of bomb damage assessment equipment on an 

aircraft. These like those of the test groups, were 

approved and coordinated by the Test Director. 

In addition to those personnel involved in experiments and 

training, staff and support personnel provided necessary services 

to other participants at the test site. About 500 DOD personnel 

were involved in these activities. 

One important support function during Shot HOOD was provided 

by the Air Force Special Weapons Center (AFSWC), based at 

Kirtland Air Force Base New Mexico. AFSWC provided air 

support to the Test Manager and to three test group projects. 

During Operation PLUMBBOB, the principal AFSWC units were the 

4950th Test Group (Nuclear), the 4926th Test Squadron (Sampling), 

and the 4935th Air Base Squadron. A total of 493 airmen and 23 

officers of the 4950th were stationed at Indian Springs AFR, 28 

kilometers* east of Camp Mercury (17). Support was also provided 

the 4900th Air Group at Kirtland AFR. At Shot HOOD, 

*Throughout this report, surface distances are given in metric 

units. The metric conversion factors include: 1 meter = 3.28 

feet; 1 meter = 1.09 vards; and 1 mile = 1.61 kilometers. 

Altitudes and other vertical distances are given in feet. 

16 
AFSWC performed several missions, including aircraft control., 

security sweeps, cloud-sampling, cloud-tracking and penetration, 

a radio relay, terrain and courier services. 

To minimize exposure to ionizing radiation, the 

established radiation protection criteria and procedures. 

Participants were to receive no more than roentgens of 

body gamma radiation for period and 5 roentgens of 

whole-body gamma radiation annually. To ensure that these 

criteria were followed, access to contaminated areas was 

controlled, and personnel recovering test instruments 

from highly contaminated areas were accompanied by radiological 

safety monitors. The monitors, who continuously checked the 

radiation intensity in the recovery area, had the authoritv to 

order a halt to recovery operations if intensities were too great 

or the length of time spent in the area were too long. 

personnel were issued film badges to wear when in the test area. 

These film badges were collected and processed at regular 

intervals. individual whose accumulated exposure exceeded or 

came close to the established limits was barred from further 

participation in project activities in the test area. Although 

not implemented during PLUMBBOB, emergency evacuation procedures 

were prepared for all test events (46). Radiation protection 

procedures of the are detailed in the PLUMBBOR series volume. 

With one exception, the radiation protection procedures for 

the Air Force Special Weapons Center air and ground crews were 

the same as those established for activities. As the single 

exception, the Test Manager authorized cloud sampler pilots to 

receive up to a total of 7.5 roentgens of gamma radiation 

annually. Complete decontamination, including showers and 

changes of clothing, was required of all aircrew members 

following each mission, regardless of the exposure 

received on the flight. Aircraft either were decontaminated 

17 
washing or were isolated until radiation intensities had 

to predetermined levels. 

1.3 EXERCISE DESERT ROCK ACTIVITIES AT SHOT HOOD 

At Shot HOOD, over 3,000 DOD personnel participated in the 

eight of Exercise Desert Rock VII, the Armv testing and 

training program conducted during Operation PLUMBBOB. These 

included two troop observer and indoctrination 

one troop test, two radiological training pro.jects, and three 

technical service 

The largest group of participants were the 2,025 Marines who 

performed 52.1. This group consisted of the 4th Marine 

Corps Provisional Atomic Exercise Brigade and support units not 

present at the NTS. This tested a task force assault 

following a nuclear detonation. Most of the participants in this 

exercise observed the detonation from trenches nearly five kilometers southwest of ground zero. Elements of one company watched 

from an area near the Control Point, more than 20 kilometers 

south of ground zero. After the detonation, participants 

conducted a coordinated air-ground maneuver against the attack 

When the maneuver was over, the Marines were transported to the equipment display area to view the effects of the 

detonation. 

Another 970 individuals took part in the other seven Exercise Desert Rock These involved exposing 

military equipment to a detonation to evaluate the damage 

sustained, testing military equipment and techniques for 

detecting nuclear bursts and fallout, and training military 

personnel. 

In addition to the Desert Rock exercise troops, about 2,000 

support troops from Armv units maintained and operated 

18 
Camp Desert Rock, providing transportation, communications, 

engineering, administrative, and security services. Some of 

these Desert Rock support troops worked in the forward area of 

the Nevada Test Site to construct observer facilities, lay 

communication lines, provide transportation and security, and 

assist in preparing for the Desert Rock Soldiers from 

the 50th Chemical Platoon served as radiation safety monitors for 

Desert Hock personnel during nuclear test events. 

Radiation protection procedures at Exercise Desert Rock are 

detailed in the series volume. The procedures were 

designed to minimize potential exposure to ionizing radiation 

while allowing participants to accomplish the objectives. 

Camp Desert Rock support personnel and exercise participants were 

Limited to no more than roentgens of whole-body gamma radiation 

during any six-month period. The radiation protection procedures 

of Exercise Desert Rock included provisions for 

Maintaining minimum safe distances from nuclear

detonations 

Enforcing protective procedures for personnel 

observing the detonation 

Controlling access to contaminated areas 

• Film badging Desert Rock personnel and monitoring

their cumulative 

Decontaminating equipment and personnel leaving the

test area after the detonation. 

This report documents the activities of the Desert Rock 

troops and other DOD personnel who participated in Shot 

The activities of Desert Rock and support personnel are 

detailed in the series volume. 
CHAPTER 2 

EXERCISE DESERT ROCK VII OPERATIONS AT SHOT HOOD 

Department of Defense personnel participated in eight 

Exercise Desert Rock VII projects at Shot HOOD. Of the 

approximately 3,000 participants, 2,025 men were involved in a 

single project, the Marine Brigade Exercise. 

The projects conducted at Exercise Desert Rock VII at Shot 

HOOD were divided into the four programs listed in table 2-l. 

The Troop Observer Indoctrination Program was designed to 

instruct military personnel in the effects of a nuclear detonation. The Troop Test Program was designed to test military 

tactics and doctrine and to train command staff personnel in 

planning and conducting combat operations on a simulated nuclear 

battlefield. The Radiological Training Program provided practice 

in applying radiological protection procedures under conditions 

similar to those of a nuclear battlefield. The Technical Service 

Program tested the effects of nuclear weapons on ordnance 

material, fortifications, structures, and equipment and tested 

techniques for detecting nuclear detonations. 

2.1 TROOP OBSERVER INDOCTRINATION PROJECTS AT SHOT HOOD 

Two troop observer indoctrination projects were conducted at 

Shot HOOD: 50.2, Troop Observers, and Project 53.3, 

Aircrew Observers. Project 50.2 engaged 308 observers from the 

Army, one from the Navy, two from the military of the United 

Kingdom, and one civilian (28). Project 53.3 involved five Air 

Force observers. The Marine Corps observers at Shot HOOD were 

affiliated with the Marine Brigade Exercise. 

20 
- -

Table 2-1: EXERCISE DESERT ROCK VII PROJECTS, SHOT HOOD 

Program Type Project 

Estimated 

Number of 

DOD 

Personnel Participants 

Troop Observer 

Indoctrination 

50.2 

53.3 

Troop Observers 

Aircrew Observers 

312 

5 

Army; Navy; United Kingdom 

Military Personnel 

Air Force 

Troop Test 52.1 Marine Brigade Exercise 2,025 4th Marine Corps Provisional 

Atomic Exercise Brigade 

Radiological Training 53.4 Radiological Defense 

Training 

Sixth Army Chemical, 

Biological, and Radiological 

Defense Training 

36 

24 

Radiological Defense School, 

Lowry AFB, Denver, Colorado 

Sixth Army 

Technical Service 53.3 Evaluation of Medium Range 

Detonation-detection and 

Cloud Tracking Systems 

25 Army Signal Research and 

Development Laboratories 

50.7 Test of Ordnance Material 10 Ballistic Research Laboratories; 

Continental Army Command; 

Detroit Arsenal 

50.8 Detection of Atomic Burst 

and Radioactive Fallout 

557 Army Artillery and Guided 

Missile School; Chemical Corps: 

Air Defense Board: Artillery 

Board; Air Weather Service 

21 
The observers arrived at Camp Desert Rock about three days 

before the scheduled detonation. Two days before the shot, they 

received an eight-hour preshot orientation. The day before the 

shot, they were briefed on observation procedures in the morning 

and escorted on a tour of the NTS in the afternoon (28). 

On shot-day, the observers viewed the detonation either from 

the main trenches with the Marines of 52.1 or from an 

observer area located 10 kilometers southwest of ground zero 

From one to three hours after the detonation, they 

inspected the equipment in the Marine equipment display area, 

shown in figure 2-l. 

The Army's Final Report of Operations lists the participation of 299 Camp Desert Rock support troops at Shot HOOD (28). 

Their specific activities are unknown, although they probably 

observed the shot from News Nob, near the Control Point. The 

Control Point was about 23 kilometers south of the HOOD ground 

zero. 

2.2 TROOP TEST PROJECT AT SHOT HOOD 

The only troop test conducted at Shot HOOD was Project 52.1, 

the Marine Brigade Exercise. The largest exercise ever performed 

at the NTS, this project engaged 2,025 members of the 4th Marine 

Corps Provisional Atomic Exercise Brigade (55). To determine the 

participating units, Marine Corps researchers studied shots with 

similar activities, such as Shot BEE in Operation TEAPOT, in 

which the Marine Corps Provisional Atomic Exercise Brigade 

participated. This study yielded a list of units that probably 

took part in the Marine Brigade Exercise at HOOD. A search 

through the unit diaries revealed that these units actually were 

at the shot. In addition, the diaries identified the men who had 

been temporarily assigned to Camp Desert Rock to take part in 

. The unit diaries were cross-checked against muster rolls 

22 
 

 

0 

Kilometer 

Objective 

I 

Blue Helicopter 

Loading Zone \\ 

Two 

I 

I 

I 

Command Post 

0 Tracked Vehicle 

Assembly Area 

Legend: 

Helicopter Route 

Tracked Vehicle Route 

Marine Assault t 

Foot Route 

Main Equipment 

Display Area 

GZ 

To Helicopter Loading Zone 1 

and the Parking Area 

Approximately 9 km 

Figure 2-1: TROOP MOVEMENT IN DESERT ROCK PROJECT 52.1 

23 
for the units and against the listing of individuals who had been 

issued film badges for the time period encompassing the 5 July 

detonation of Shot HOOD (25). Researchers concluded that about 

300 members of Camp Desert Rock support units, most of whom were 

drivers from the Transportation Corps units that drove the 

Marines to and from the forward area, were in addition to 

the project participants. Table 2-2 gives the subunits of the 

4th Marine Corps Provisional Atomic Exercise Brigade that participated in Project 52.1 at the Nevada Test The principal 

participating units were from the First Marine Division, Camp 

Pendleton, California, and the 3d Marine Aircraft Wing from the 

Marine Corps Air Station, Santa California. 

Project 52.1 had five objectives (28): 

To train command and staff personnel in planning

and implementing operations to deal with tactical 

nuclear weapons 

To formulate new tactics and techniques for

dealing with nuclear weapons 

To acquaint personnel with the effects of nuclear 

weapons 

To test and evaluate military doctrine concerning

nuclear warfare 

To familiarize personnel with passive defense

measures against the effects of nuclear weapons. 

Originally planned to take place during Shot DIABLO on 

27 June 1957, Project 52.1 called for some of the troops to take 

part in a command post exercise and others in a troop maneuver. 

The command post exercise was to start at noon on the day before 

the shot and end no later than one hour before the detonation. 

Participants in the command post exercise would then join the 

rest of the Marines in observation trenches. Following the 

detonation, command post exercise personnel were to be transported to an equipment display area to view the effects of the 

nuclear detonation on Marine equipment and uniforms. 

24 
Table 2-2: SUBUNITS OF THE 4TH MARINE CORPS 

PROVISIONAL ATOMIC EXERCISE BRIGADE 

1st Marine Division 

Headquarters Company, Headquarters Battalion 

Headquarters and Service Company, 1st Service Regiment

Headquarters and Service Company, 2d Battalion, 5th Marine

Regiment 

Company E, 2d Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment 

Company F, 2d Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment 

Company G, 2d Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment

Company H, 2d Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment 

Company C, 1st Pioneer Battalion 

Battery E, 2d Battalion, 11th Marine Regiment 

Platoon, Company A, 1st Anti-tank Battalion (Ontos) 

1st Hospital Company, 1st Medical Battalion 

1st Light Support Company, 1st Service Battalion

3d Light Support Company, 1st Service Battalion

Company B, 1st Motor Transport Battalion

Company A, 3d Amphibious Tractor Battalion 

Company C, 3d Amphibious Tractor Battalion

3d Amphibious Truck Company, 3d Amphibious Tractor Battalion 

3d Marine Aircraft Wing 

Headquarters, 3d Marine Aircraft Wing

Headquarters and Headquarters Squadron, Marine Air Group

Light Transport Helicopter 36

Headquarters and Headquarters Squadron, Marine Air

Group 33

Headquarters and Maintenance Squadron, Marine Air Group

Light Transport Helicopter 36 

Marine Light Helicopter Transport Squadron 361, Marine Air

Group Light Transport Helicopter 36

Marine Light Helicopter Transport Squadron 362, Marine Air

Group Light Transport Helicopter 36 

Marine Light Helicopter Transport Squadron 363, Marine Air

Group Light Transport Helicopter 36 

Marine Attack Squadron 223, Marine Air Group 15 

Marine Observation Squadron 6, Marine Air Group Light

Transport Helicopter 36 

25 
The troop maneuver was planned as a exercise 

involving a coordinated air-ground assault by a reinforced Marine 

battalion against a military For safety reasons, the 

objective was to be located far from ground zero. Most Marine 

participants were to witness the shot from trenches five 

kilometers southwest of ground zero. The trench area is shown in 

figure 2-2. Elements of one company would observe the detonation 

from Loading Zone One (near Yucca Lake) with the helicopter 

squadrons. After the detonation, the helicopters were to transport troops to landing zones near the attack A ground 

assault on the objective, supported by artillery and tactical 

aircraft, would follow the airlift. In the meantime, one company 

would march toward ground zero until it reached the radiological 

safety limit. That company would then march back to the loading 

zone near the observation trenches, board helicopters for the 

airlift, and join the ground attack on the objective. Another 

company would be transported by (landing vehicles, tracked) 

to the After the ground assault was completed, all 

Marines would be transported to the equipment display area to 

view the effects of the detonation. 

The 4th Marine Corps Provisional Atomic Exercise Brigade 

arrived at Camp Desert Rock on 19 and 20 June 1957. After 

orientation, participants rehearsed the maneuvers planned for 

27 June. The air portion of the exercise was rehearsed beginning 

at 0500 hours on 21 June. During this rehearsal, the helicopters 

(without troops aboard) flew from Loading Zones One and Two to 

Landing Zones Pink and Blue. A modified rehearsal of the field 

exercise was conducted on 23 June. Marines traveled by bus from 

Camp Desert Rock to the DIABLO trenches. The troops were led 

through the DIABLO equipment display area, and levels of damage 

were predicted to prepare the troops for the tour of the 

display. On 24 June, 480 officers and enlisted men from the 

brigade observed Shot PRISCILLA (55). 

26 

When Shot DIABLO was postponed from 27 June to 28 June, a 

large part of the brigade was already in position for the firing. 

Not yet aware that the shot would be delayed, the Marines had 

begun the command post exercise portion of Project 52.1 at 1330 

hours on 26 June. They completed it at 0130 on 27 June (55). On 

28 June, the command post exercise personnel were transported to 

the trenches to observe DIABLO with the rest of the 4th Marine 

Corps Provisional Atomic Exercise Brigade. At 0430, DIABLO 

failed to detonate because of electrical problems, and the 

Marines returned to Camp Desert Rock, as shown in figure 2-3. 

Shot DIABLO was eventually rescheduled for 12 July 1957. 

Because this delay would have prolonged the Marines' stay at Camp 

Desert Rock still further, it was decided to have the 4th Marine 

Corps Provisional Atomic Exercise Brigade perform the troop test 

at Shot HOOD, scheduled for 3 July. 

Several exercise facilities were modified to accommodate the 

high yield anticipated for Shot HOOD. Observation trenches dug 

for Shot SHASTA had to be quickly altered to accommodate 

1,900 Marines. These trenches were about six feet deep and were 

located about five kilometers southwest of the HOOD ground zero 

(28; 55). In addition, the DIABLO equipment display was moved to 

the HOOD ground zero area. 

The equipment display was designed to demonstrate the effect 

of a nuclear detonation on Marine equipment and clothing. The 

main equipment display consisted of ten positions to the northeast of ground zero, as shown in figure 2-l. The equipment, 

consisting of items as diverse as trucks and rocket launchers and 

telephones and radios, was placed 270 to 1,980 meters from ground 

zero to the northeast. Four groups of mannequins were placed in 

various stances at distances ranging from about 3,470 meters to 

28 

4,300 meters from ground zero to the northeast and beyond 

the observation trenches to the southwest (26; 54). 

The troop exercise portion of 52.1 began at 2230 on 

2 July. Because the command post exercise had already been 

performed in conjunction with one of Shot DIABLO's postponements, 

it was not repeated. Instead, half the command post exercise 

participants were trucked with the maneuver troops to the 

trenches and half were sent to the Command Post area to observe 

Shot HOOD. The maneuver troops of the 2d Battalion, 5th Marines, 

left Camp Desert Rock in a five-unit march column commanded by 

the Motor Transport Officer of Exercise Desert Rock (9; 13; 44). 

Along the way, elements of Company G disembarked at Loading Zone 

One at Yucca Pass. The first march unit left Camp Desert Rock at 

2233 hours on 2 July, and the last arrived at the trench area at 

0032 on 3 July (55). The convoy vehicles retired to a designated 

parking area where they remained on-call to return the troops to 

Camp Desert Rock after the maneuver. Troops were already in the 

trench area when the 3 July firing of Shot HOOD was postponed 

until 0440 hours on 5 July. The activities described above were 

repeated beginning at 2230 hours on 4 July (55). 

According to the HOOD operation order, three helicopter 

squadrons, each consisting of eight helicopters of Marine Air 

Group 36, were to leave Camp Desert Rock at 2230 hours on 4 July 

for Loading Zone One, near the Yucca Pass airstrip (24). However, it is unlikely that the helicopters would have flown at 

night. Instead, they probably left Camp Desert Rock before 

sunset and arrived at Loading Zone One approximately ten minutes 

later. Marine helicopter pilots have confirmed this assumption 

(13; 38). 

Two hours before the shot, personnel rehearsed trench 

procedures. Personnel were ordered to take position in their 

assigned trenches 23 minutes before the detonation; they were 

30 
instructed to don their gas masks and crouch two minutes before 

the shot (55). The Marines were apparently positioned at 

time as follows (27): 

2d Battalion, 5th Marines (with the exception of

Company G), and the Headquarters Company in the trenches 

• Detachments of the 1st Motor Transport Battalion,

the 3d Battalion, and the 1st Anti-tank Battalion 

at the vehicle assembly area 

The 3d Light Support Company and Desert Rock trans- port unit at the parking area on Mercury Highway 

Marine Helicopter Squadrons 361, 362, and 363 of

Marine Air Group Light Transport Helicopter 36, 3d Marine

Aircraft Wing, and Company G, 2d Battalion, 5th Marines,

at Loading Zone One at Yucca Psss. 

The locations of Marine Observation Squadron 6 of Marine Air 

Group Light Transport Helicopter 36 and the Marine Aircraft Wing 

Headquarters have not been documented, but these units were 

probably in the trenches with the 1st Marine Division. 

As a loudspeaker announced the countdown, observers at the 

vehicle assembly area and News Nob covered their eyes and turned 

away from the detonation, as shown in figure 2-4. At 0440, Shot 

HOOD was detonated. The heat of the detonation ignited many 

brush fires, and the shock caused some of the trenches to 

collapse; however, there were no serious cave-ins or personnel 

casualties (55). In the mining communities north of the NTS, 

windows shattered and buildings shook. The light from the 

detonation was seen in San Francisco, and the blast was felt in 

Los Angeles. 

Fifteen minutes after the detonation, the maneuver troops 

left their trenches. Company F, 2d Battalion, 5th Marines, 

marched west to Loading Zone Two, shown in figure 2-1, to wait 

for the helicopter airlift. Company H waited in the trench area 

for the truck convoy that would transport it to the vehicle 

31 

assembly area. In the meantime, Company E, led by its commanding 

officer and executive officer, formed two columns and marched 

northeast toward ground zero. Company E was preceded and 

accompanied by radiological safety monitors who measured the 

levels of radioactivity encountered. In an apparent contradiction, the after-action report states that Company E, in 

stopping about 370 meters from ground zero, did not exceed the 

radiation safety criteria (55). Derivative reference material 

contains similar statements and some participants have made 

similar estimates, although they cannot explain how the distance 

would have been accurately determined in the field (34; 56). 

From AEC radiological survey data (such as that presented in 

chapter 4, especially figure 4-3) and calculations of the unit's 

rate of advance, the 5 R/h line is determined to have been about 

1,000 meters from ground zero (54). After spending five to ten 

minutes in the area, Company E marched back to Loading Zone Two 

near the observation trenches, arriving there at 0700 hours. 

While Company E was on its march, a truck convoy left the 

parking area to the rear of the Command Post; drove to the 

trenches; picked up Company H; and brought Company H to the vehicle assembly area. From there, parts of the 3d Battalion, 

preceded by Ontos vehicles of the 1st Anti-tank Battalion, 

traveled to the objective. Figure 2-5 shows one of the Ontos 

anti-tank vehicles. 

Because dust was obscuring visibility in Loading Zone Two, 

the helicopters delayed their departure from Yucca Pass one hour 

(55). At 0615, the helicopters landed at Loading Zone Two, as 

shown in figure 2-6, and began the airlift of Company F and the 

battalion command elements. Figure 2-7 shows Marines boarding 

one of the helicopters. Elements of Company G boarded at Loading 

Zone One. Company E the airlift after the company 

returned from its march toward ground zero (27; 34). 

33 



The helicopters were of the HRS and types. Each had a 

crew of three, and each carried five to seven Marines for this 

mission (13; 30; 38; 44). The helicopters carried Company G to 

Landing Zone Blue, depicted in figure 2-1. Companies E and F 

were flown to Landing Zone Pink, also shown in figure 2-l. 

Helicopters completed the airlift from Loading Zone Two to the 

two landing zones by 0821 (27). By 0900, the LVT force had 

linked up with the helicopter force in the area of the 

objective (55). 

During the airlift, air support was provided by 24 aircraft of Marine Attack Squadron 223, Marine Air Group 15, from 

the Marine Corps air facility at California. The first 

of these aircraft, each flown by one pilot, arrived at the NTS at 

0510. The fighters, flying in groups of four, shuttled between 

and the NTS for approximately seven hours. After returning to they were decontaminated by Marine Air Group 

ground personnel (3). 

Upon arriving at Landing Zone Pink, Company F 

Company H in the attack against the while Company E 

remained at Landing Zone Pink to back up the attacking companies. 

Upon landing at Landing Zone Blue, the remaining unit, Company G, 

also attacked the (6). 

According to one participant, Company G had about 

"casualties" due to heat exhaustion. These men were taken to a 

special assembly area by helicopter and allowed to rest for one 

hour. They then marched to the helicopter landing zone to wait 

for the end of the assault (30). 

While the tactical exercise was taking place, about 300 

Marines from the service and support elements of the 4th Brigade 

toured the equipment display area. Upon completion of the helicopter lift and before returning to Camp Desert Rock, 90 pilots 

3 7 
and crew members of Marine Air Group 36 were taken through the 

display area. The Equipment Officer, who belonged to the G-3 

Section of Headquarters Battalion, 1st Marine Division, conducted 

the tours of the display area. Marine Corps monitoring teams 

checked all vehicles and personnel for contamination before they 

left the display area (35; 55). 

When the objective was seized at the tactical exercise 

was concluded. After having lunch in the objective area, the 

elements of the 3d Battalion and 1st Anti-tank Battalion 

withdrew to the vehicle assembly area and were transported by 

Company B, 1st Motor Transport Battalion, to the Marine equipment 

display area. The 2d Battalion, 5th Marines, was transported 

east from the assault areas to the nearest road. From there, 

they were trucked to the equipment display area, where they 

arrived at about 1400 hours. After viewing the display area, 

they returned to Camp Desert Rock, arriving there at about 1700 

(27; 55). 

Marine personnel who participated in Project 52.1 passed 

through the decontamination station at Yucca Pass, as did the 

other participants in Shot HOOD. The radiological safety 

measures used to protect the Marine participants in Project 52.1 

are discussed in chapter 4. 

Most personnel left Camp Desert Rock on 5 and 6 July, with 

the last remnants departing by 12 July (55). 

2.3 RADIOLOGICAL TRAINING PROJECTS AT SHOT HOOD 

The two radiological training conducted at Shot 

HOOD were Air Force Project 53.4, Radiological Defense Training, 

and the Sixth Army Chemical, Biological, and Radiological Defense 

Training, which was an unnumbered project. 

38 
Thirty-six members of the Air Force Radiological Defense 

School, located at Lowry AFB in Denver, Colorado, participated in 

53.4. Participants viewed the detonation from the 50th 

Chemical Platoon Decontamination Station at Yucca Pass (28). 

After the shot, a representative from the 50th Chemical Platoon 

escorted the participants to a specially selected area outside 

the 5 R/h line. The participants reported radiation intensities 

at designated markers. These readings were reported to control 

stations by radio and plotted on a map. The representative from 

the 50th Chemical Platoon remained with the project participants 

to enforce radiological protection procedures and to give 

technical assistance when needed. 

The Sixth Army also conducted a monitoring exercise at Shot 

HOOD. Although no detailed final report has been located, 

dosimetry records indicate that two chemical, biological, and 

radiological defense teams, consisting of 12 men each, participated. The teams originated from Camp Hanford, Washington, and 

Fort Mason, California (4; 39). 

2.4 TECHNICAL SERVICE PROJECTS AT SHOT HOOD 

The Army conducted three technical service projects at Shot 

HOOD, as listed in table 2-l. The DOD personnel who took part in 

these projects also performed them at other shots both 

before and after Shot HOOD. 

Project 50.3, Evaluation of Medium Range 

detection and Cloud Tracking Systems, was fielded by the Army 

Signal Research and Development Laboratories of Fort Monmouth, 

New Jersey. The was designed, first, to test the ability 

of Army radar equipment to detect nuclear detonations and track 

radioactive clouds and, second, to examine Army fallout prediction methods. The project required the use of three radar 

39 
sets located at unknown distances from ground zero. A total of 

25 Army personnel were directly involved in this project (28). 

In addition, an unspecified number of military personnel were 

attached to the Fallout Prediction Unit, part of the Test 

Manager's organization headquartered at Camp Mercury. This unit, 

operating from an M-109 mobile van next to the weather station at 

Camp gathered data and estimated the direction of 

fallout. 

Project 50.7, Test of Ordnance Materiel, sponsored by the 

Ballistic Research Laboratories, had four subprojects, three of 

which were conducted at Shot HOOD: 

Vehicle Damage Test 

• Radiation Test 

Foxhole Test. 

The Vehicle Damage Test was performed by the Detroit Arsenal 

and was designed to measure the effects of a nuclear detonation 

on vehicles situated near ground zero. Five days before the 

shot, Desert Rock personnel positioned three tanks, four hemispheres of conventional and experimental types of tank armor, and 

three light-armored vehicles 900 meters southeast of ground zero. 

They placed another light-armored vehicle 720 meters southeast of 

the area. These vehicle displays were studied after the 

detonation, when radiation levels permitted (28). 

In the Radiation Test, fielded by the Ballistic Research 

Laboratories, the four hemispheres were exposed to ionizing 

radiation from the shot. Four participants from Field Command 

Weapons Effects Test Group 2.4 installed gauges for 

measuring gamma and neutron radiation on three M-48 tanks, which 

would be exposed to the blast. Following the shot, six participants aided Desert Rock personnel in compiling dosimetry readings 

from this (28). 

40 
The Foxhole Test, fielded by the Continental Army Command, 

was designed to evaluate the protection afforded by positioning 

tanks over three revetted and three unrevetted foxholes. These 

foxholes were located 900 meters southeast of ground zero (28). 

Project 50.8, Detection of Atomic Burst and Radioactive 

Fallout, was conducted by the Army Artillery and Guided Missile 

School, with support from the Chemical Corps, the Air Defense 

Board, the Artillery Board, and the Air Weather Service. The 

chief purpose of the project was to assess how well equipment 

found in a typical Army unit could determine the location, height 

of burst, and yield of a nuclear detonation. At Shot HOOD, the 

project involved 557 Army participants: 59 officers and 498 

enlisted men. Participants in Project 50.8 included (28): 

• One field artillery observation battery 

• Three field artillery meteorological sections 

One tactical support center detachment 

One fire support coordination center detachment 

• One Army aviation detachment 

One Air Weather Service detachment 

Six Army Chemical Corps monitoring parties (three 

aerial, three ground) 

One Army Chemical Corps radiological monitoring

control party 

One Army Air Defense Board test and evaluation

unit 

One Army Artillery Board test and evaluation group 

• One Test Director detachment. 

The participants worked at distances between 10 and 80 kilometers 

from ground zero. 

41 
Part of Project 50.8 required two H-34 helicopters and one 

H-13 helicopter to fly aerial monitoring surveys and a B-26 

aircraft to track the HOOD cloud. The purpose of these surveys 

was to test how well Army personnel could predict and monitor 

radioactive fallout. The helicopters flew at altitudes of 6,000 

feet. The crews probably consisted of three men each, although 

the H-34 could carry 12. Before the shot, the B-26, with a crew 

of four, was flying a holding pattern at 18,000 feet (3). 

Details of the B-26 activities in tracking the nuclear cloud are 

not documented. 

Available documents differ as to whether other Army technical service projects were conducted at Shot HOOD. The Exercise 

Desert Rock Final Report of Operations indicates that 11 men 

participated in 50.4, 50.5, and 50.6 (28). However, 

other sections of this source, as well as the AFSWP Operation 

Summary indicate that these projects were not performed at 

HOOD. 

42 
--

CHAPTER 3 

NEVADA TEST ORGANIZATION OPERATIONS AT SHOT HOOD 

At Shot HOOD, DOD personnel participated in scientific, 

diagnostic, and training projects coordinated by the Nevada Test 

Organization. They were involved in all conducted by 

the AFSWP Field Command Weapons Effects Test Group, one project 

of the Los Scientific Laboratory Test Group, and one 

project fielded by the University of California Radiation 

Laboratory Test Group. DOD personnel also participated in six 

conducted by the Federal Civil Defense Administration 

Civil Effects Test Group. In addition, Air Force and Marine 

personnel conducted four operational training projects. Finally, 

Army and Air Force personnel supported the test groups and the 

Test Manager. More than 200 DOD personnel participated directly 

in the projects, more than 500 provided air and ground support, 

and approximately 100 personnel provided administrative support. 

Detailed descriptions of and general 

project activities are contained in the series volume. 

The information contained in this chapter addresses only those 

project operations conducted at Shot HOOD. The two primary 

sources of this information are the Schedule of Events, a preshot 

document, and the weapons test reports for each project. 

FIELD COMMAND WEAPONS EFFECTS TEST GROUP PROJECTS AT SHOT 

HOOD 

The Weapons Effects Test Group of AFSWP Field Command conducted the projects Listed in table This table also 

indicates the agencies that fielded the and, when 

possible, the estimated numbers of participants. 

4 
Table 3-l: FIELD COMMAND WEAPONS EFFECTS TEST GROUP 

PROJECTS, SHOT HOOD 

Estimated 

Number* of 

Project Participating Agency Personnel 

1.1 Basic Phenomena Ballistic Research Laboratories 5

2.2 Neutron-induced Activities in Soil Elements Naval Radiological Defense Laboratory 4

2.3 Neutron Flux from Selected Nuclear Devices Army Chemical Warfare Laboratories 3

Ballistic Research Laboratories; Army Chemical 6 

Warfare Laboratories 

2.4 Neutron and Initial-gamma Shielding 

4 

Gamma Radiation of NTS Soils 

2.5 Initial Gamma Radiation Intensity and Neutron-induced Army Signal Research and Development

Laboratories 

2.6 Evaluation of New Types of Radiac Instruments Army Signal Research and Development

Laboratories 

2.7 Radio-wave Attenuation Studies Naval Research Laboratory 1 4

2.6 Evaluation of Military Radiac Naval Material Laboratory 6

General Mills Company 9 

Measurements 

2.10 Initial Neutron and Gamma Air-earth Interface

Wright Air Development Center 17 

Electromechanical Shutter 

4.2 Evaluation of Eye Protection Afforded by an

5.3 In-flight Structural Response of the FJ-4 Aircraft to a Naval Air Special Weapons Facility;

Nuclear Detonation North American Aviation, Inc. 

t Navy Bureau of Aeronautics; 

Nuclear Detonation 

5.4 In-flight Structural Response of the Aircraft to a 

Douglas Aircraft Company 

t In-flight Structural Response of the Aircraft to a Wright Air Development Center; 

Nuclear Detonation 

5.5 

Northrop Aircraft 

21 

Electromagnetic Field Near a Nuclear Detonation 

6.2 Measurement of the Magnetic Component of the Diamond Ordnance Fuze Laboratories

Effect of Nuclear Radiation on Semi-conductor Devices Diamond Ordnance Laboratories

t Air Force Cambridge Research Center 

NAROL System 

6.4 Accuracy and Reliability of the Short-baseline

Army Missile Test Center; Bell Telephone 23 

Laboratories 

6.5 Effects of Nuclear Detonations on Nike Hercules 

Naval Material Laboratory 7 

Thermal Effects on Standard-reference Material 

8.2 Prediction of Thermal Protection of Uniforms and 

t Lookout Mountain Laboratory; 

Germeshausen and Grier 

9.1 Technical Photography 

Minimum estimates based on Schedule of Events. 

Unknown. 

Project personnel are included in Project 6.2 estimate. 
Project 1.1, Basic Phenomena, was conducted to 

obtain data on overpressure and dynamic pressure as a function of 

time and distance from ground zero. Project personnel also 

evaluated the performance of various pressure gauges and measurement devices. 

Before shot-day, project participants installed 24 gauges 

for measuring dynamic and static pressure at stations. These 

stations were located at points approximately 300 to 910 meters 

from ground zero along a blast line extending to the southeast. 

participants also placed pressure gauges at the Yucca 

Lake radio station, located over 19 kilometers south of ground 

zero, and at the helicopter pad near Yucca Pass, nearly 24 kilometers south of ground zero. The data were recorded at each 

station. Project participants recovered the records from the two 

distant stations one hour after the burst (53). The gauges 

located along the blast-line in the shot area were recovered when 

radiation intensities allowed (8). The team spent 30 to 45 minutes in recovery activities (53). 

The objective of 2.2, Neutron-induced Activities in 

Soil Elements, was to gather information concerning the radioactivity produced by the interactions of neutrons from a nuclear 

device with soil and to correlate this information with measurements of the resulting gamma radiation fields. At Shot HOOD, 

project participants studied neutron-induced activity in an M-48 

tank rather than in soils. 

About two days before the detonation, Army personnel placed 

the M-48 tank, which was used in Desert Rock 50.7, 910 

meters southeast of ground zero. Personnel from Projects 2.2 and 

2.4 moved the tank to a position 2,440 meters from ground zero 

about eight hours after the detonation in order to measure the 

induced radiation of the tank. Nine hours and minutes after 

the detonation, four project participants measured the gamma 

45 
radiation levels of the tank. The readings were 1.5 R/h at the 

rear and 0.4 R/h immediately in front of the tank. The radiation 

intensity 45 meters from the tank was 0.003 R/h; at 60 meters 

from the tank, the intensity was 0.0025 R/h. Twelve hours after 

the detonation, the radiation levels were measured again. Three 

readings of 0.6 R/h were measured inside the tank, while external 

readings ranged from 0.35 R/h on the front of the tank to 0.7 R/h 

on the rear. 2.2 participants also measured the gamma 

spectrum with a mobile scintillation spectrometer 49). 

Project 2.3, Neutron Flux from Selected Nuclear Devices, was 

designed to measure the neutron output from nuclear devices. 

However, at Shot HOOD, 2.3 personnel only provided 

instruments to other Program 2 studies. They supplied neutron 

and gamma detectors for 2.4 and furnished the detectors 

that were suspended from balloons in Project 2.10 (37). 

Project 2.4, Neutron and Initial-gamma Shielding, was a 

study of the shielding effectiveness of several types of metals, 

military vehicles, and foxholes in reducing radiation levels. 

Although the Army Chemical Warfare Laboratories planned the 

project, placed the instruments, and reported the results, other 

Program 2 participants and DOD agencies assisted. The Ballistic 

Research Laboratories provided the ordnance equipment, the Evans 

Signal Laboratory was responsible for the gamma film packet 

measurements, Project 2.X personnel measured neutron flux, 

Project 2.5 participants kept the records of initial gamma 

intensity versus time, the Air Force School of Aviation 

Medicine provided the chemical dosimetry instruments. 

A few before the HOOD shot, Desert Rock 50.7 

personnel and Program 2 participants placed M-48 tanks, Ontos 

vehicles, and metal hemispheres and dug foxholes at intervals of 
15 to meters on an arc about 910 meters southeast of ground 

zero. Several gamma and neutron detectors and dosimeters were 

contained in each item. According to the Schedule of Events, a 

recovery party was to leave 15 minutes after the shot to retrieve 

the detectors and dosimeters. About eight hours after the shot, 

Project 2.2 and 2.4 personnel moved one M-48 tank to a location 

2,440 meters from ground zero so that 2.2 personnel could 

take readings using a gamma dose ratemeter, as described for 

Project 2.2 (43). 

Project 2.5, Initial Gamma Radiation Intensity and 

induced Gamma Radiation of NTS Soils, was designed to determine 

the intensities of gamma radiation in the soil shortly after 

detonation. The original project plans called for the Signal 

Research and Development Laboratory to measure the initial gamma 

intensity. However, before Operation started, the 

project was expanded to include support of other Program 2 

studies. Personnel from AFSWC and the Rand Corporation also 

assisted. 

Before the detonation, participants assembled and 

tested the instrumentation in the quonset hut area at Camp 

Mercury. The detectors were calibrated both before and after the 

shot. In the days preceding Shot HOOD, personnel from 

2.5 and 2.10 transported the instrumentation racks to ground 

stations in the shot area. Because the instrumentation racks 

weighed several hundred pounds and were about ten feet tall, 

participants used a truck with a monorail to emplace them. The 

seven ground stations, located at 460-meter intervals between 460 

and 3,200 meters south-southeast of ground zero, had been constructed at the beginning of Operation and were used at 

several of the events. The 2.5 work party was 

scheduled to have finished installing the instrumentation racks 

by 2200 hours on the day before the shot. 

47 
The team reentered the shot area when radiological 

conditions permitted. Recovery was completed within three to 

four days after the shot. Participants transported the 

instruments back to the quonset hut area, where the data were 

processed (18). 

Project 2.5 participants also helped 2.10 personnel 

to suspend electronic detectors from balloon cables and tether 

and launch the balloons on the day before the shot. In addition, 

they assisted in modifying and installing an instrument system in 

an M-48 tank for the Project 2.4 study of neutron and gamma 

shielding. 

Project 2.6, Evaluation of New Types of Instruments, 

had two parts. The first part tested the ability of a new 

neutron ion chamber dosimeter to detect and measure initial radiation. Project personnel placed the dosimeters in cylindrical 

tubes and mounted them between steel stakes at six locations 

ranging from 1,500 to 2,000 meters south of ground zero. About 

four hours after the detonation, personnel recovered the 

dosimeters and took them to Camp Mercury, where they were read 

and interpreted. 

The second part of this project was designed to evaluate the 

new beta-gamma ion chamber ratemeter for Army field use. 

According to the Schedule of Events, one individual was to leave 

for the shot area about 30 minutes after the burst to take beta 

and gamma readings at the 3 R/h line. The Weapons Test Report 

states that 26 experienced Desert Rock radiological safety 

personnel were given the new IM-123 beta-gamma radiac meters and 

the standard AN/PDR-39 radiac meters. The Desert Rock participants entered the shot area about 11 hours after the burst to 

survey a wide area located between 365 and 1,100 meters 

from ground zero. They resurveyed the area 29 and 32 hours after 

the detonation. Fifty-five hours after the burst, project 

48 
---- ----

personnel and six inexperienced Desert Rock personnel made radiological surveys in the same area. Intensities of 0.2 R/h to 5 R/h 

of gamma radiation were measured during these surveys. 

In addition to these manual surveys of the shot area, 

participants placed a recording station about 870 meters south of 

ground zero. The station was installed two hours after the shot 

and recovered 27 hours later. Project personnel made periodic 

surveys at the station using the IM-123, AN/PDR-39, and the 1002 

beta meter two, four, and 11 hours after the shot. During these 

to surveys, personnel wore protective clothing and 

used respirators (10). 

Project 2.7, Radio-wave Attenuation Studies, studied the 

interference of high levels of radiation with radio transmissions 

and radar operations. Two transmitters and equipment for measuring gamma rays and monitoring the effect on the transmitters 

of the electromagnetic signal from the detonation were installed 

in two shielded bunkers located 1,160 and 1,460 meters north of 

ground zero. Receivers were located in Ruilding 400 near the 

Control Point, 22 kilometers south of ground zero. From 2200 

hours to hours the night before the shot, two parties were 

in the shot area to activate the stations. Personnel began 

recovering data and records about eight hours after the detonation and spent several days in this activity. Personnel also 

installed scintillation detectors near the bunkers and obtained 

readings from these detectors after the shot (22; 49). 

Project 2.8, Evaluation of Military was intended to 

determine the accuracy of several tvpes of Navy equipment 

in measuring radiological hazards in the field under the conditions of nuclear warfare. The experimental equipment consisted 

of three masonite phantoms and a dosimeter rack. Two phantoms 

were loaded with selectively shielded standard depth-dose detectors and dosimeters, and the third held two recording ratemeters. 

49 
About two hours after the detonation, participants, misled by an 

erroneous AN/PDR-43 reading, placed the two dosimeter phantoms, 

the ratemeter phantom, and the dosimeter rack in a 2 to 3 R/h 

field instead of a 5 R/h field as planned. Because the radiation 

intensity in this field was too low to obtain good data, the 

dosimeter phantoms and rack were moved to a 7 R/h field about 

minutes later. The ratemeter phantom could not be transported 

to a more intense field, because the power trailer serving the. 

ratemeter recorder was shared with another and could not 

be moved. The ratemeter phantom was recovered hours after the 

detonation, and the dosimeter phantoms and rack were recovered 

56 hours after the detonation. 

According to the Schedule of Events, six project participants used three vehicles to place the dosimeter arrays. These 

personnel were accompanied by a radiation monitor (15; 

2.10, Initial and Gamma Air-earth Interface 

Measurements, was conducted by AFSWC, with assistance from the 

General Mills Company. The study investigated the effect of the 

air-ground interface on radiation resulting from a nuclear 

detonation. personnel measured integrated gamma dose and 

neutron readings and gamma dose rates at points on the ground . 

and at corresponding points in the air at heights up to about 

950 feet. Four tethered balloons, supplied and handled by the 

General Mills Company with technical assistance from 

Laboratory, were used to elevate the equipment and other 

instruments. 

On the day before the shot, nine Project 2.10 participants 

assisted by personnel from 2.5, were scheduled to go to 

the area at 1300 hours to fill the with helium, 

install instruments, and moor the balloons at positions 1,830, 

2,290, 2,780, and 3,270 meters south-southeast of ground zero. 

The men were to have completed these tasks and left the area 

50 
2400 hours. Two hours after the shot, eight men in two vehicles 

were to recover the from the balloon stations. The 

balloons themselves were destroyed by the blast and thermal 

effects of the shot (47; 49). 

Project 4.2, Evaluation of Eye Protection Afforded by an 

Electromechanical Shutter, was designed to determine the effectiveness of a prototype electromechanical shutter in preventing 

or minimizing flash blindness. The Tactical Air Command supplied 

the C-47 aircraft in which the experiment took place and the six 

volunteer subjects. The Air Force School of Aviation Medicine 

furnished a trained examiner for each of the subjects. Personnel 

from the Navy Radiological Defense Laboratory, the Wright 

Patterson Aero Medical Laboratory, and the AFB Hospital 

provided technical support. 

The C-47 had special modifications for six test subjects. 

These modifications included six portholes with facilities for 

mounting four shutters. One of the prototype electromechanical 

shutters used in the test was intentionally inoperative. In 

addition, at least one window of the aircraft had been replaced 

with a sandblasted diffusing screen to simulate the illumination 

of a nuclear detonation as seen by an aircrew flying above, 

below, or within a cloud layer. Four or more rabbits were also 

used as test subjects. The rabbits were placed in a holder 

designed to minimize movement and ensure that their eyes would be 

exposed to the light from the detonation. 

The C-47 took off from AFB at 0310 hours. At 

time, the aircraft was about 30 kilometers southeast of ground 

zero at an altitude of 9,000 feet. After the detonation, the 

examiners determined the time needed for the volunteers to 

recover useful vision, as measured by the ability to read aircraft instruments, and to recover night vision, as measured on a 

nyctometer. The volunteers averaged a minimum time of 10 seconds 

51 
to recover aircraft instrument recognition and a maximum time of 

90 seconds to recover night vision. Separate results for the 

volunteer with the inoperative shutter are not available. The 

aircraft landed at AFB at 0517. The test subjects 

received a complete ophthalmological evaluation at AFR 

(3; 52). 

Project 4.2 plans also called for four men to operate a 

ground station from four hours and 30 minutes before the shot to 

30 minutes after the shot. This station may have been intended 

as a second observation post for the experiment. However, the 

weapons test report does not describe any Project 4.2 ground 

activities at Shot HOOD (49; 52). 

Project 5.3, In-flight Structural Response of the FJ-4 

Aircraft to a Nuclear Detonation, was designed to measure the 

thermal and blast wave response of the FJ-4 aircraft and to 

determine its performance and delivery capabilities during a 

nuclear detonation. The operational phase of this project was 

conducted by the Naval Air Special Weapons Facility, staging from 

Indian Springs AFB during the test. North American Aviation, 

Inc., supplied the specially instrumented test aircraft and the 

personnel required to maintain it. Personnel involved in Project 

5.3 were the aircraft crew, the air traffic controllers, and the 

maintenance personnel. 

The FJ-4 took off from Indian Springs AFB at 0345 and 

arrived over the test area at 0354 hours. It established an 

orbiting point southwest of ground zero at an altitude of 20,000 

feet. The aircraft was positioned nearly over ground zero, at a 

slant range of about 4,600 meters, in a level flight attitude, 

tail-on to the blast the time of shock arrival. The aircraft 

landed at Indian Springs AFB at 0449. A standby aircraft was 

positioned at 20,000 feet over Indian Springs AFB during the 

detonation and landed at 0456 (3). Total gamma dose in the test 

52 
aircraft was recorded by film badges located in the cockpit, 

ammunition bay, right drop tank, and nose-wheel well (29). 

5.4, In-flight Structural Response of the 

Aircraft to a Nuclear Detonation, was fielded by the Navy Bureau 

of Aeronautics, supported by the Douglas Aircraft Company. 

was to measure the thermal and blast wave response of 

the aircraft during flight and to determine its performance 

and delivery capabilities during a nuclear detonation. Personnel 

involved in Project 5.4 were the aircraft crew, the ground 

controllers, and the maintenance personnel responsible for the 

special painting and instrumentation of the aircraft. 

Two aircraft were originally scheduled to participate at 

Shot HOOD, but difficulties with communications equipment caused 

one of the aircraft to abort (3). The aircraft that did 

participate was to obtain gust response at a relatively low 

incidence angle. The aircraft took off from Indian Springs AFB 

at 0400 hours, entered an orbit pattern at 0408 hours, made two 

practice orbits in a pattern approximately 35 nautical miles in 

length, and made a run-in over ground zero five minutes before 

the detonation. 

4t the time of detonation, the was located 7,800 feet 

above terrain, at a slant range of 4,160 meters north of the 

detonation. When the shock wave arrived, the aircraft was 

7,800 feet above terrain at a slant range of 9,300 meters further 

north (3). Ten minutes after the detonation, the plane landed at 

Indian Springs AFB. Nuclear radiation in the aircraft was 

measured by four film badges located in the bottom of the nose 

section, six film badges in the cockpit map case, and other 

dosimeters located in the nose wheel door and the leg pocket of 

the pilot's flight suit (3; 45). 

53 
Project 5.5, In-flight Structural Response of the F-891) Aircraft to a Nuclear Detonation, was designed to determine the 

structural response of the F-89D aircraft in flight to the blast 

and thermal effects of a nuclear detonation. Northrop Aircraft 

Corporation had contract with the Wright Air Development Center 

to assist in planning and conducting the test. Northrop was 

responsible for calibrating, maintaining, and operating the 

instrumentation and associated equipment, as well as analyzing 

the data collected. Northrop and Wright Air Development Center 

jointly determined positions and positioning methods. 

The F-89D aircraft left Indian Springs AFB at 0410 hours, 

arriving at its designated preshot position northeast of ground 

zero at 0417 hours. The aircraft established a holding pattern 

northeast of ground zero at an altitude of 26,000 feet. At the 

moment of detonation, the aircraft was about meters 

southwest of ground zero on a heading of degrees. At the 

time of shock arrival, the aircraft had traveled approximately 

6,000 meters further from the shot and was continuing on the same 

heading. The aircraft left the area at 0443 hours and landed at 

Indian Springs AFB at 0446 42). 

Project 6.2, Measurement of the Magnetic Component of the 

Electromagnetic Field near a Nuclear Detonation, was conducted by 

Diamond Ordnance Fuze Laboratories. The determined the 

characteristics of the electromagnetic pulse from a nuclear 

detonation as a function of time and distance. This study used 

five self-powered recording stations located at distances of 

about 170, 320, 750, 1,520, and 2,890 meters from ground zero. 

Before Shot HOOD, the project staff, which had 21 members, 

installed sensors and recording devices at each station. The 

devices were buried in holes lined with concrete and then covered 

with sandbags. The preparation of these stations required the 

support of between 10 and 15 members of the staff. 

54 
According to the Schedule of Events, three men were to occupy a 

station at UTM coordinates 895855 between Yucca Lake and Mercury 

Highway from two hours before to one hour after the shot. 

Recovery operations began about four hours after shot-time. 

Recovery of some of the recording devices took only about 90 minutes, but the recovery of others was considerably more difficult 

because the protecting sandbags had disintegrated and the holes 

had to be dug out before the recording packages could be 

retrieved. Recovery operations within the four days after the 

shot involved eight to ten men who spent one to two days working 

in the field (21; 49; 51). 

Project Effect of Nuclear Radiation on Semiconductor 

Devices, was conducted by 6.2 personnel. The objective 

of the project was to ascertain the effects of neutron, gamma, 

and electromagnetic radiation on commercially available transistors, diodes, and electronic circuits using these components. 

The major project effort was at Shot PRISCILLA. Project 

personnel placed transistors and diodes in aluminum cans, which 

in turn were packed in insulated plywood boxes. The one box used 

at Shot HOOD was buried 240 meters from ground zero and was 

probably recovered within a few days after the shot (50). 

Project 6.4, Accuracy and Reliability of the Short-baseline 

NAROL System, had three 

To study the ability of the NAROL System to detect

the position and measure the yield of a nuclear

detonation 

To detect accurately the electromagnetic pulse from 

nuclear bursts 

To collect data on the propagation of that pulse as

it travels over land. 

The NAROL geometry tested during consisted of one 

inverse LORAN net, with stations at Albuquerque, New Mexico; 

Vale, Oregon; and Rapid City, South Dakota (18). 

55 
Project 6.5, Effects of Nuclear Detonations on Nike Hercules, investigated the effects of nuclear detonations on the 

structural and operational characteristics of components, 

materials, and electronic systems of the Nike Hercules 

missile system. At Shot HOOD, however, the only was to 

investigate radar signal propagation through a nuclear cloud. 

The was fielded by 23 personnel from the Army Missile 

Test Center of the White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico. They 

were assisted by four employees of the Systems Test Division of 

the Bell Telephone Laboratories, Whippanv, New Jersey. 

The project procedure used differed considerably 

from that planned because cf an instrument malfunction. For 

attenuation measurements, the plan was to locate a Nike beacon on 

a mountain high enough so that a radar signal sent from another 

station could pass through the nuclear cloud and illuminate the beacon. Before detonation, however, the clock on the 

radio relay used to energize the beacon malfunctioned, and the 

beacon failed to activate. The radar signal that reflected from 

the mountain where the beacon was located was then used to make 

the attenuation measurements (16). 

At 2330 hours on the day before the shot, ten project 

participants went to the radar station, located near 

Ridge at UTM coordinates 765103. The radar station was manned 

through shot-time. Personnel left the area two hours after the 

shot (16; 49). 

Project 8.2, Prediction of Thermal Protection of Uniforms 

and Thermal Effects on Standard-reference Material, investigated 

the ability of laboratory experiments to predict accurately the 

effects of intense thermal radiation on live skin and tissue 

covered by various uniform materials. Laboratory results were 

compared with actual burns in selected materials exposed to 

56 
thermal radiation from a nuclear detonation. Although two equipment stations were planned for this project, only one station, 

containing recording instruments and selected materials, was 

installed 3,180 meters from ground zero. Protective covers were 

removed from exposure assemblies the evening before the detonation. Seven men returned to the station to retrieve samples 

and instruments after recovery hour was declared at 0608 hours 

(14; 49). It is not known how long the recovery team spent in 

these activities. 

Project 9.1, Technical Photography, provided technical 

photography and documented detonations for historical purposes 

and for release to the press through the Joint Office of Test 

Information. In addition, the provided cameras for 

Project 8.2. 

An airborne camera station, manned by personnel from the 

Lookout Mountain Laboratory, and a camera station in the forward 

area, operated by Edgerton, Germeshausen, and Grier photographers, provided color and black-and-white and still and motion 

picture coverage. By using laboratory facilities established at 

the test site, personnel could process and classify the photographs for release to the press (18). 

The airborne station, a C-47 from the Military Air Transport 

Service, left Indian Springs AFB at hours and arrived at the 

NTS at 0330 hours. The aircraft established an orbiting pattern 

at 10,000 feet about 25 kilometers south of ground zero at 

0340 hours. It left the NTS at 0520 hours and landed at Indian 

Springs AFB at hours. The plane spent minutes over the 

NTS after the detonation (3). 

Based on standard photographv procedures during the test 

series, cameramen probably spent one day photographing 

setups before the detonation. The was 

57 
--------

done within few after the areas were declared radiologically safe. 

3.2 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PARTICIPATION IN LASL AND TEST 

GROUP PROJECTS AT SHOT HOOD 

The Los Scientific Laboratory Test Group performed 

five projects at Shot HOOD. Of these five projects, only 

11.2, Radiochemistry Sampling, involved DOD participants, 

as indicated in table 3-2. The University of California Radiation Laboratory Test Group conducted eight at Shot HOOD, 

but DOD personnel took part only in 21.2, Radiochemistry 

Sampling. 4s shown in table the same sampler pilots from 

AFSWC 4926th Test Squadron (Sampling) provided support concurrently for these projects. The two are discussed 

together under AFSWC participation at Shot HOOD, in section 3.5 

of this chapter. 

Table 3-2: LASL, UCRL, AND CETG PROJECTS WITH DOD PERSONNEL 

INVOLVEMENT, SHOT HOOD 

Project Title Sponsor 

Estimated 

Number 

DOD 

Personnel 

DOD 

Agency Capacity 

Radiochemistry Sampling 16 4926th Test Squadron, Cloud Sampling 

21.2 UCRL AFSWC 

37.21 Aspects of CETG a AFSWC Radio 

Aspects of 

Fallout 

39.1 Gamma and Neutron 

Radiation Measurements 

CETG USAF School of 

Aviation Medicine 

39.5 Radiation for 

Human Exposure 

CETG 3 USAF School of 

Aviation Medicine 

Laboratory Analysis 

39.9 Remote Radiological 

Monitoring 

CETG 1 USAF School of 

Aviation Medicine 

Unknown 

58 
3.3 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PARTICIPATION IN CIVIL EFFECTS TEST 

GROUP PROJECTS AT SHOT HOOD 

The Civil Effects Test Group conducted ten projects at HOOD. 

DOD personnel took part in five of these projects, as shown in 

table 3-2. As at all shots in the series, Department of 

Defense participation in the Civil Effects Test Group projects 

was limited. 

Projects 37.2, Riophysical Aspects of Fallout, and 

Physical Aspects of Fallout, required one C-47 aircraft, provided 

by AFSWC, for a radio relay. Other than eight AFSWC participants, DOD personnel were not involved in this project. The C-47 

aircraft arrived at the NTS at 0240 hours and began an orbit 

nautical miles southeast of ground zero at an altitude of 

feet. It left the NTS after 0600 hours (3). 

39.1, Gamma and Neutron Radiation Measurements, 

engaged 22 DOD personnel. Some of these participants were from 

the Force School of Aviation Medicine. They experimented 

with film dosimetry to measure gamma radiation from a 

nuclear detonation. Dosimeters were placed at intervals 450 to meters from ground zero (41). According to the 

Schedule of Events, three men were to enter the shot area eight 

hours after the detonation to recover the dosimeters (49). 

39.5, Radiation Dosimetry for Human Exposure, 

involved three DOD personnel from the Air Force School of 

Aviation Medicine. Other personnel included 18 civilians from 

the AEC Oak Ridge National Laboratory, three civilians from 

Edgerton, and Grier, and one civilian from the 

General Electric Company. The of Project was to 

determine the shielding afforded by light-frame houses and similar structures against fast neutrons and gamma rays. 

personnel placed an array of neutron and gamma ray detection 

devices southeast of ground zero at slant ranges of 1,140, 1,370, 

59 
and meters. Shortly after the detonation, participants 

recovered the devices (12; 40). 

39.9, Remote Radiological Monitoring, involved one 

DOD participant from the Air Force School of Aviation Medicine. 

Participants recorded residual radiation data at four monitoring 

stations located 675, 900, 1,125, and 1,350 meters northeast of 

ground zero (40). 

3.4 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE OPERATIONAL TRAINING PROJECTS AT SHOT 

HOOD 

The Marine Corps conducted one operational training 

at Shot HOOD, and the Air Force conducted three, as shown in 

table 3-3. The primary aims of these training projects were to 

test tactics and equipment and to instruct military personnel in 

the effects of nuclear detonations. 

Table 3-3: DOD OPERATIONAL TRAINING PROJECTS, SHOT HOOD 

52.3 

53.5 

Fly-by Corps 

Air Defense Command 

Aircraft 

T-33 

No. 

Aircmft 

1 

3 

4 

I 

Staging 

El Toro Marine Air 

Base Station, 

California 

Nevada 

Estimated 

No. 

16 

3 

8 

53.9 

Indirect Bomb Damage 

Photographic 

Wright Air Development 

Command 

Command 

F-890 

RF-84F 

1 

2 

Indian 

Luke AFB, 

California 

2 

2 
 52.3, Marine Fly-by Indoctrination, was conducted by 

Marine Air Group 33 of the 3d Marine Air Wing. The project 

involved one aircraft, probably manned by a crew of three and 

carrying 13 passengers, and three aircraft, manned by one 

pilot each. A fourth was supposed to participate, but 

technical problems forced it to abort its mission. The aircraft 

operated from the El Toro Marine Corps Air Base Station, Santa 

California. The three flew at altitudes of 21,000 to 

24,000 feet in an orbit 25 nautical miles long. The aircraft 

entered the NTS and began their orbit at 0430 and left at 

0500 hours. At shot-time, they were 16.5 nautical miles southeast of the HOOD detonation. The began its orbit between 

Lathrop Wells and Camp Desert Rock at 11,000 feet at 0430 hours, 

and was ten nautical miles south of ground zero at shot-time. It 

left the area at 0500. The reporting point of all aircraft was 

Lathrop Wells (3). 

Project 53.5, Aircrew Indoctrination, was conducted by the 

Air Defense Command to provide an opportunity for crew members 

and commanders to witness a nuclear detonation and penetrate the 

nuclear cloud. Four T-33 aircraft, each with a crew of two, took 

off from AFB at 0420. 0435, they began orbiting at 

34,000 feet, 30 nautical miles northeast of ground zero. 

left their orbit and penetrated the cloud when ordered to do so 

by the sampler control aircraft discussed in section 3.5.1. The 

T-33s left the area by 0500 hours (3). 

Project 53.7, Indirect Bomb Damage Assessment, conducted by 

the Wright Air Development Center, included one manned by a 

crew of two. The plane left Indian Springs AFB at 0355 and 

arrived at its shot-time position at 0410. It flew at an 

altitude of 35,000 feet in an orbit that placed it east of ground 

zero at shot-time. The plane left its orbit at 0441 and landed 

at Indian Springs AFB at 0504 (3). 

61 
Project 53.9, Photographic Reconnaissance Training, was 

conducted by an Air National Guard Tactical Reconnaissance Unit. 

The project involved two RF-84F aircraft, each probably manned by 

one pilot. The aircraft left Luke AFB at and arrived at the 

NTS at 0435, where they orbited between Lathrop Wells and Beatty, 

Nevada. The participants, who were from the Alabama National 

Guard, were assigned to photograph the ground zero area. At 0450 

they flew toward ground zero at 10,000 feet. The planes left the 

area at 0515 (3). 

3.5 AIR FORCE SPECIAL WEAPONS CENTER ACTIVITIES AT SHOT HOOD 

Air Force Special Weapons Center support to the Test Manager 

and to test groups during Shot HOOD was provided by the 4950th 

Test Group (Nuclear), the 4926th Test Squadron (Sampling), and 

the 4935th Air Base Squadron, with support from the 4900th Air 

Base Group. AFSWC missions consisted of nuclear cloud sampling, 

cloud tracking, cloud penetration, terrain surveys, and courier 

missions. Cloud sampling was conducted for LASL 11.2 and 

UCRL Project 21.2. AFSWC personnel located in the air operations 

center at the Control Point at Yucca Pass exercised operational 

control of all aircraft participating at Shot HOOD. Table 3-4 

indicates DOD participation in AFSWC projects, including the 

number and types of aircraft used. 

3.5.1 Cloud Sampling 

Ten aircraft collected samples of the Shot HOOD cloud for 

LASL 11.2, Radiochemistry Sampling, and UCRL 

21.2, Radiochemistry Sampling. These ten sampler aircraft were 

flown by pilots of the 4926th Test Squadron (Sampling) and 

included four each with one pilot and a radiation 

monitor, two F-84s with one pilot each, and four each with 

a crew of two. A B-57B sampler control aircraft, which was flown 

by an AFSWC pilot accompanied by a scientific advisor from UCRL, 

also participated. 
-

-

-

-

Table 3-4: AFSWC AIR MISSION SUPPORT, SHOT HOOD 

Program/Project Mission Type Aircraft Number of Aircraft 

Estimated Number of 

DOD Personnel 

Cloud Sampling 

Sampler Control 

Sampler 

Sampler 

Sampler 

F-84 

B-57 

T-33 

1 

2 

4 

4 

2 

2 

a 

a 

Missions C-47 3 15 

Radio-Relay c-47 1 a 

Cloud 

Tracking 

1 6 

Cloud 

Penetration 

T-33 1 2 

Security Sweeps L-20 2 4 

Survey Missions H-21 6 24 

The sampler control aircraft (serial number 504) left Indian 

Springs AFB at 0425 and reached its preshot position 50 nautical 

miles east of ground zero at an altitude of 30,000 feet at 0430. 

It left this orbit shortly after the detonation to view the cloud 

from all sides. The scientific advisor then directed the sampler 

aircraft to penetrate the cloud in order to collect the necessary 

samples. The sampler control aircraft left the NTS at about 0725 

and landed at Indian Springs AFB around 0730. A spare B-57B 

sampler control aircraft stood at Indian Springs AFB but was 

not needed. 

63 
--------

The missions of the sampler aircraft, which all staged from 

Indian Springs AFB, are summarized in the following listing: 

TIME TIME 

AIRCRAFT SERIAL TAKEOFF ENTERED LEFT LANDING 

TYPE NUMBER TIME CLOUD AREA CLOUD AREA TIME 

T-33 803 0416 0445 0600 3605 

T-33 825 0416 0450 0600 0605 

T-33 267 0420 0610 0615 

T-33 812 0420 0450 0610 0615 

F-84G 054 0610 0615 0655 0700 

F-84G 046 0620 0625 0705 0710 

B-57B 495 0555 0600 0632 0640 

B-57B 496 0600 0605 0645 0650 

B-57B 500 0635 0715 0720 

B-5'7B 50% 0640 0655 0725 0730 

Two spare F-84G and one B-57B aircraft stood by at.Indian Springs 

AFB during the cloud sampling mission but were not used (3). 

Upon landing, sampler aircraft taxied to a designated area 

where Air Force ground personnel removed the samples and placed 

them in metal containers which were sent by courier to the 

laboratories. At the completion of this activity, the aircraft 

crew went through the decontamination procedures described in the 

series volume. 

64 
3.5.2 Courier Missions 

It was planned that three C-47s would deliver cloud samples 

to UCRL and LASL. Five Air Force personnel probably manned each 

aircraft (3). 

3.5.3 Cloud Tracking 

Immediately after the HOOD detonation, four aircraft were 

scheduled to fly cloud-tracking missions over and beyond the 

Nevada Test Site. However, available documentation specifies 

only that one B-25, serial number 410, left Indian Springs AFB at 

0500 and entered NTS airspace at 0510. The B-25 probably had a 

crew of six (3). 

3.5.4 Cloud Penetration 

Another AFSWC activity at Shot HOOD was part of an ongoing 

study to determine whether the Air Force should monitor the 

accumulation of radioactive contaminants on aircraft. A T-33, 

serial number 105, from the 4926th Test Squadron, piloted by an 

officer from Air Support Group Headquarters and carrying one 

observer, entered the Shot HOOD cloud. The pilot and the 

observer both wore lead vests instrumented with several film 

badges. Six additional film badges were taped to the 

seats. The T-33 left Indian Springs at 0550, began following 

the cloud at 0610, discontinued tracking at 0630, and landed at 

Indian Springs AFB at 0635 (2; 3). 

3.5.5 Security Sweep Missions 

Two L-20 aircraft, each carrying a security guard and a pilot, 

were scheduled to fly security checks over the test area on the 

before and sometime after the detonation. The L-20 aircraft were 

based at the Yucca Lake airstrip (3). 

65 
Terrain Survey Missions 

Six H-21 helicopters, staging from the helicopter pad near 

the Control Point, were available to fly radiation safety and 

terrain survey missions, as directed by the Test 'Manager and the 

Test Director. Each helicopter carried two Air Force crew 

members and two radiation safety monitors from Reynolds 

Electrical and Engineering Company. This survey mission is 

described with the other monitoring activities in chapter 4. 
CHAPTER 4 

RADIATION PROTECTION AT 

SHOT HOOD 

To protect DOD participants at Shot HOOD from the radiation 

associated with a nuclear detonation, Exercise Desert Rock VII, 

the Nevada Test Organization, and the Air Force Special Weapons 

Center each developed its own criteria and procedures. These 

safety criteria and procedures, as well as the organizations 

developed to implement them, are detailed in chapter 5 of the 

series volume. The purpose of the radiation protection 

procedures developed for Operation was to ensure that 

individual exposure to ionizing radiation was as low as possible. 

At the same time, the procedures were designed so that 

participants could accomplish their missions. 

Some of the procedures required that records be kept so that 

Exercise Desert Rock, the NTO, and AFSWC could evaluate the 

effectiveness of their radiation protection programs. Available 

information concerning radiation protection at Shot HOOD includes 

film badge readings for some of the participants in Desert Rock 

Project 52.1, Marine Brigade Exercise, and data on radiation 

safety equipment, survey results and records, isointensity plots, 

and decontamination records. 

4.1 RADIATION MONITORING AND FILM BADGE READINGS FOR 

PARTICIPANTS IN THE MARINE BRIGADE EXERCISE 

The following discussion details radiation protection 

activities specifically related to the Marine Brigade Exercise, 

52.1, at Shot HOOD. 

67 
Monitoring and Dosimetry 

Monitors from seven major Marine Corps commands participated 

in special monitoring exercises while the 4th Marine Corps Provisional Atomic Exercise Brigade was at Camp Desert Rock. These 

178 monitors were in addition to those monitors who belonged to 

the subordinate units of the 4th Brigade. At shot-time, 13 of 

the 16 monitoring teams were in the trenches, two were with the 

observers in the News Nob area, and one was in the vehicle 

assembly area. Fifteen minutes after the shot, the monitors 

began their activities. They monitored the equipment display 

area, accompanied Desert Rock monitors surveying towards the 

ground zero area, preceded Company E on its march towards ground 

zero, accompanied the motor convoy from the vehicle assembly area 

to the trenches and back to the assembly area, monitored Loading 

Zone One, and accompanied observers on buses and in sedans. The 

monitoring teams reassembled at the equipment display area upon 

completion of the exercise and monitored departing vehicles and 

personnel for contamination. The monitors returned to Camp 

Desert Rock at about 1800 hours (27; 55). 

Sixteen monitors from 2d Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment, 

were deployed to Camp Desert Rock for special training by Army 

radiological safety teams at the NTS. These monitors, grouped 

into four teams, performed monitoring during the field exercise 

for Companies E, F, G, and H (55). 

An attempt was made to establish an interim dosimetry capability for the Marine Corps. Field X-ray processing equipment 

was set up, and dental X-ray packets were issued to a representative group of participating personnel. After the troop 

exercise, the film was processed and interpreted. The results 

appeared to be in the reliability range of other photodosimetry 

systems (55). Results of the regular dosimetry program are 

reported in the next section. 

68 
Film Badge Results 

Each Exercise Desert Rock participant was issued a film 

badge. Form LSD SCTF 10, the Lexington Signal Depot Film Badge 

Service Radiation Report, was used to record the individual's 

name, rank, serial number, organization, film badge number, and 

exposure. While the forms include much useful information, they 

do not always provide information specific to Shot HOOD. The LSD 

SCTF 10 forms cover periods of time ranging from two days to two 

months. In some cases, the participants could have gone to the 

forward area during another event. In addition, information on 

these forms was not always recorded accurately; names were 

misspelled and incorrect organization names were recorded. 

In spite of these recordkeeping problems, film badge 

readings can be identified for about two-thirds of the DOD 

personnel at Shot HOOD. These are the records of the participants in Project the Marine Brigade Exercise, which was 

performed only at Shot HOOD during the series. By 

separating the records of Project 52.1 participants from the 

other LSD SCTF 10 forms, it was possible to compile film 

badge readings specific to Shot HOOD. 

Film badge readings are available for 639 persons assigned 

to Project 52.1. The only group not fully represented in these 

data is the 2d Battalion, 5th Marines: film badge readings are 

not available for the majority of enlisted men in this group. 

Research indicates that 51 of the 639 soldiers had film badges 

that were damaged or otherwise unreadable. Figure 4-l presents 

the distribution of film badge readings for the participants 

with readable badges. Although consisted almost 

entirely of Marines, ten Navy medical personnel also participated. Only one of these ten men received an exposure greater 

than 1 this exposure was 1.3 roentgens. 

69 
 

Number 

of 

Persons 

Total: 588 individuals (does not include 51 persons 

for whom badge readings are unavailable) 

r I I 

3 

232 112 31 30 31 53 17 15 9 5 

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 and over •

Film Badge Readings *specific total readings were: 2.305 

2.570 

3.020 

7.200 

Figure 4-l: OF TOTAL FILM BADGE READINGS, 

PROJ ICT 52.1, SHOT HOOD 
------ 

The mean exposure reading for the 588 participants with 

readable badges was 0.6 roentgens. Seventy-five percent of the 

readings were below 1.6 roentgens, but eight of the 588 participants received 2 roentgens or more. The Equipment Display 

Officer, who returned to the display area several times in the 

days after the shot, received 7.2 roentgens. This is the only 

reading detected among Project 52.1 participants in excess of 

the Exercise Desert Rock limit of 5 roentgens. Aside from an 

equipment display assistant, all others with totals greater than 

1.25 roentgens were members of the monitoring teams. 

Most of the 52.1 participants were issued only one 

film badge. However, over one-third of those for whom dosimetry 

results are available received more than one badge, as shown 

below: 

Persons issued one film badge: 369 (63%) 

Persons issued two film badges: 42 

Persons issued three film badges*: 177 

TOTAL 588 

The men who received three badges were monitors. Half the monitors entered contaminated areas twice during training exercises, 

thus using two film badges. The other half used only one badge 

during training. The last badge received by both groups of 

monitors was used for Shots PRISCILLA and HOOD (55). Readings 

for the monitors are shown in figure 4-2. The mean reading for 

monitors was between 1.1 and 1.2 roentgens, approximately twice 

as high as the mean reading for all Project 52.1 participants. 

*One person received four badges; the fourth may have been a

replacement for a lost badge. 

71 
the one person who had four badges) 

40 

Number 

of 

Participants 

8 11 20 49 9 3 4

172 individuals (does not include four persons 

17 15 

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 and over 

Film Badge Readings 

Figure 4-2: DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL FILM BADGE READINGS, PROJECT 52.1, 

PARTICIPANTS WITH THREE FILM BADGES (MONITORS) 
For all Desert Rock other than 52.1, 

participants were required to follow the standard procedures 

described in the series volume. 

4.2 NEVADA TEST ORGANIZATION RADIATION PROTECTION ACTIVITIES 

The following subsections describe the radiological protection activities of the Nevada Test Organization at Shot HOOD. 

Dosimetrv Records 

From 4 to 13 1957, a period that includes the 

5 July detonation of HOOD, the Personnel Dosimetrv Branch of the 

issued 838 film badges and 405 pocket dosimeters. 

Although the number of AFSWC participants who wore film 

badges is not known, data have been found that indicate the 

exposures received ground crews during aircraft decontamination. For the decontamination of F-84 cloud samplers at Shots 

HOOD, PRISCILLA, DIABLO, DOPPLER, and OWENS, ground crew members 

received an average total exposure of 0.112 roentgens (1). No 

shot-specific exposure data are availahle. 

Information on Radiation Equipment 

For Shot HOOD, the Logistics Branch issued 1,425 pieces of 

protective clothing and 370 respirators. 

Monitoring Procedures and Support 

Five minutes after the detonation, nine vehicles carrying a 

total of 12 monitors began the initial ground survey, which had a 

mid-time of 0536 hours. Resurvevs were also made at a mid-time 

of 1052 hours on shot-day, and again on 7, 9, 10, 12, and 

13 

73 
Because heavy dust obscured ground points, the AFSWC aerial 

survey team, described in section 3.5.6 of this volume, could not 

perform its survey until about six hours after the detonation. 

The mid-time of this survey was 1043 hours. The aerial survey 

team also resurveyed the area around ground zero on 6 and 7 

The maximum intensity encountered by the aerial survey team was 

40 R/h, measured the day after Shot HOOD at 25 feet above ground 

zero (36; 46). 

Plotting and Briefing 

Using information from the initial surveys, the Plotting and 

Briefing Branch developed radiation isointensity contour maps. 

Figure 4-3 shows a copy of the initial map, with radiation 

intensities at a mid-time of hours. Figures 4-4 through 4-7 

show copies of the contour maps generated from resurveys. 

Information from the ground surveys allowed the Plotting and 

Briefing Branch to establish Full and Limited Radiological Exclusion areas. The Plotting and Briefing Branch also issued 

the access permits required for entry into these areas. During 

the period July through 13 July, access permits were issued to 

a total of 619 individuals involved in 66 (36; 

Decontamination Activities 

During the period 4 July through 13 July 1957, personnel of 

the Decontamination Section decontaminated 29 vehicles, 

pressure gauges, and five electrical devices. 

74 
Stake Lines 

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.01 METERS 

--w-e---- - 0.1 

1.0 

Figure 4-3: INITIAL SURVEY FOR SHOT HOOD, 5 JULY 1957, MID-TIME 0536 
Stake Lines 

METERS 

I 

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.01 R/h 

0.1 R/h 

0 1000 1.0 

Figure 4-4: RESURVEY FOR SHOT HOOD, 5 JULY 1957, MID-TIME 1052 
 

Stake Lines 

METERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.01 R/h 

l I ---e-e--- - 0.1 R/h 

0 1000 1.0 R/h 

Figure 4-5: RESURVEY FOR SHOT HOOD, 6 JULY 1967, MID-TIME 

77 
 

Stake Lines

METERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.01 R/h

I 1 1 1 I ---v----w- 0.1 R/h

0 loo0 -.-.-.-.-.-. 1.0 R/h

Stake Lines 

METERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.01 R/h 

0.1 

0 1.0 

Figure 4-6: RESURVEY FOR SHOT HOOD, 7 JULY 1957, MID-TIME 0818 

7s 
Stake Lines 

METERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.01 

I 0.1 

0 1000 1.0 R/h 

Figure 4-7: RESURVEY FOR SHOT HOOD, 8 JULY 1957, MID-TIME 

7’9 
80 
- - - --- -

REFERENCE LIST 

The following list of references represents

only those documents cited in the HOOD

volume. When a DASA-WT document is followed 

an EX, the latest version has been cited. 

A complete list of all documents consulted

during the preparation of the series 

volumes is contained in the Operation 

volume. 

81 
An availability statement has been included at the end of

the reference citation for those readers who wish to read or 

obtain copies of source documents. Availability statements were 

correct at the time the bibliography was prepared. It is 

anticipated that many of the documents marked unavailable may

become available during the declassification review process. The 

Coordination and Information Center (CIC) and the National

Technical Information Service (NTIS) will be provided future

DNA-WT documents bearing an EX after the report number. 

Source documents bearing an availability statement of CIC

may be reviewed at the following address: 

Department of Energy

Coordination and Information Center 

(Operated by Electrical Engineering Co., Inc.) 

ATTN: Mr. Richard V. Nutley

2753 S. Highland 

14100 Phone: (70%)

Las Vegas, Nevada FTS: 

Source documents bearing an availability statement of NTIS

may be purchased from the National Technical Information Service.

When ordering mail or phone, please include both the price

code and the NTIS number. The price code appears in parentheses

before the NTIS order number. 

National Technical Information Service 

Port Royal Road Phone: (703)

Springfield, Virginia 22161 (Sales Office) 

Additional ordering information or assistance may be obtained by

writing to the NTIS, Attention: Customer Service, or by calling

487-4660. 

82 
SHOT HOOD: REFERENCES 

1. 4950th Test Group, Nuclear. Contamination Study.1 

Kirtland AFB, NM.: AFSWC. 7 October 1957. 

7 Pages.** 

2. 4950th Test Group, Nuclear. "Operation Plan l-57, 

Operation PLUMBBOB." Kirtland AFB, NM.: AFSWC. 

1 March 1980. 139 Pages. (A07) AD/A995 

3. Air Force Special Weapons Center. "Air Mission Summary 

Report for HOOD Event." NV.: AFSWC. 

6 July 1957. 6 Pages.** 

4. Armed Forces Special Weapons of 

Military Personnel Assigned to Nevada Test Organization in Exercise Desert Rock.1 NV.: 

AFSWP. 10 July 1957. 2 Pages.** 

5. Atomic Commission. "The Effects of Nevada Atomic 

Tests." AEC. March 1957. 46 Pages.** 

6. Ballard, George, LTCOL., USMC (Ret.). [Notes from

Interview, Shots PRISCILLA and HOOD.1 

Houston, TX. October 7, 1980. 5 Pages.*** 

7. Bass, Joseph. [Taped Interview, Shot HOOD. 1 

Fairhope, AL. February 11, 

8. Bryant, E.; Keefer, J.H. Basic Phenomena, 

1.1. Ballistic Research Laboratories. Albuquerque,

NM.: Field Command, DASA. WT-1401. June 1962. 

202 Pages. AD 344 

9. B. [Notes from Interview with LTCOL. Bvron Bradv,

USMC (Ret.) on Shot HOOD and S2.1, and Shot 

PRISCILLA.1 September 25, Pages.*** 

10. Cohen, A.; Jachter, M.; Koeh, D.; et al. "Evaluation of 

New Types of Instruments, 2.6." 

Albuquerque, NM.: Field Command, DASA. 

October 1979. 71 Pages. AD/B951 

*Available from NTIS; order number appears before the

asterisk. 

**Available at DOE CIC. 

***Not Available. 

****Requests subject to Privacy Act restrictions. 

83 
11. Cook, C.; et al. Neutron-Induced Activities in Soil 

Elements, Operation PLUMBBOB, Project 2.2. Naval 

Radiological Defense Laboratory. Albuquerque, NM.: 

Field Command, DASA. February 1980. 

82 Pages. (A05) AD/A955 

12. Corsbie, R. "Operation Civil Effects Test Group

Project Summaries." Mercury, NV.: CETG. May 1957. 

69 Pages. (A04) AD/B 951 

13. Curtis, Oliver, COL., USMC (Ret.). [Interview, Subject:

Shot HOOD.1 Cape Coral, FL. February 10, 

14. Derksen, W.; T.; Bracciaventi, J.; et al. 

"Prediction of Thermal Protection of Uniforms, and

Thermal Effects on a Standard-Reference Material, 

Project 8.2." Naval Material Laboratory.

NM.: Field Command, DASA. WT-1441. 

May 1960. SO Pages. AD 360 

15. E.; F. "Evaluation of Military

2.8." Naval Material Laboratory.

Albuquerque, NM.: Field Command, DASA. WT-1417. 

November 1957. 58 Pages. AD 360 

16. Elder, G. "Effects of Nuclear Detonations on Nike 

Hercules, Operation PLUMBBOB, Project 6.5." White 

Sands Missile Range. October 

17. Evans, W.A. History of 4950th Test Group (Nuclear) in

Operation PLUMBBOB. Air Force Special Weapons Center,

Historical Section. Kirtland AFB, NM.: AFSWC. 

6 January 1958. 128 Pages. 

18. Field Command, AFSWP. "Operational Summary: Operation

PLUMBBOB." Albuquerque, NM.: Field Command, AFSWP, 

WT-1444-EX. October 1979. 73 Pages. 

AD/B951 

19. Frash, W.F., COL., USMC, (Ret.). [Notes from Phone

Interview, Shot HOOD.] Palos Verdes, CA. 

February 

*Available from NTIS; order number appears before the 

asterisk. 

**Available at DOE CIC. 

***Not Available. 

 Requests subject to Privacy Act restrictions. 

84 
20. General Electric Company - TEMPO. Compilation of Local

Fallout Data From Test Detonations 1945-1962. 

Volume 1: "Continental U.S. Tests." Washington, 

DC.: 1979. Pages. 

AD/A079 

21. P.; Wimenitz, F.; Hoadley, J.; et al. "Measurement 

of the Magnetic Component of the Electromagnetic Field

near a Nuclear Detonation, 6.2." Diamond 

Ordnance Fuze Laboratory. Albuquerque, NM.: Field 

Command, DASA. February 1980.

66 Pages. (A04) AD/B951 

22. Hanscome, T.; Caldwell, P.; Gorbics, S.; et al. 

Investigation of Effects of Nuclear Detonations on

Electromagnetic Wave Propagation and Nuclear Radiation

Detector Design, Project 2.7. Naval Research 

Laboratory. Albuquerque, NM.: Field Command, DASA. 

September 1980. 97 Pages.

(A05) AD/A995 

23. Harney, J. B., LTCOL., USMC (Ret.). Interview, 

Shot PRISCILLA.] Vista, CA. 21, 

24. Headquarters, Camp Desert Rock. "Operation Order Number 7,

Exercise Desert Rock VII and VIII, Shot HOOD." Camp

Desert Rock. 28 June 1957. 39 Pages.**  

Headquarters, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific. Unit Diary for

1st Marine Division, Battalions and Companies,

April--July 1957. Headquarters, USMC, Personnel

Department. Washington, DC.: USMC. 1957. 

26. Headquarters, Fourth Marine Corps Provisional Atomic

Exercise Bde. "Administrative Plan l-57, Desert Rock 

VII." Camp Pendleton, CA.: U.S. Marine Corps. 

29 May 1957. 80 Pages.** 

27. Headquarters, Fourth Marine Corps Provisional Atomic

Exercise Bde. Schedule of Events. 1957. 

3 Pages.** 

*Available from NTIS; order number appears before the

asterisk. 

**Available at DOE 

***Not Available. 

subject to Privacy Act restrictions. 

85 
28. Headquarters, Sixth Army. Exercise Desert Rock VII and 

VIII: Final Report of Operations. Presidio of San 

Francisco, CA.: Sixth U.S. Army. AG-S-9531. 

25 November 1957. 107 Pages. AD/A077 

29. Julian, A. Structural Response of FJ-4 Aircraft

to Nuclear Detonations, Operation PLUMBBOB,

Washington, DC.: Department of the Navy,

Bureau of Aeronautics. WT-1432. February 1960.

190 Pages. AD 360 

30. Klinck, C. C. [Interview, Shots PRISCILLA and 

HOOD. 1 Vickerv, OH. Februarv 

31. Charles J., Jr. [Notes from Interview, 

Shots PRISCILLA, DIABLO, and HOOD.] Westbury, NY.

September 27, 1980. 4 Pages.*** 

32. Marine Nuclear Test Personnel Review. Operation PLUMBBOB: 

List of Participation Units. Washington, DC. 1979. 

1 Page.** 

33. DELETED. 

34. Negron, R.; Murphy, H. [Notes of Telephone Interviews with 

R. Negron and H. to Reconstruct Marine 

Activities at Shot HOOD.1 Washington, DC. April

1978. 21 Pages.*** 

35. Pearce, G. [Notes from Interview with LTCOL. Gary Pearce, 

USMC (Ret.) former Equipment Officer, 4th

April 22, 

36. Reynolds Electrical and Engineering Company. "On Site 

Rad-Safe Support Shot HOOD." Las Vegas, NV.:

1957. 10 Pages.**** 

37. Rigotti, D.; H.; H.; et al. "Neutron Flux 

from Selected Nuclear Devices, Project 2.3." US 

Chemical Warfare Laboratory. Albuquerque, NM.:

Field Command, DASA. WT-1412-EX. October 1979. 

SO Pages. AD/A995 

38. Sawver, James, MAJ., USMC (Ret.). [Taped Interview,

Shot HOOD.] Hudson, WI. 

*Available from NTIS; order number appears before the

asterisk. 

**Available at DOE CIC. 

***Not Available. 

 Requests to Privacy Act restrictions. 

86 
39. Science Applications, Inc. Film Badge Dosimetrv Analvsis:

Exercise Desert Rock VII-VIII. McLean, VA.: SAI. 

June 1979. 345 Pages.** ** 

40. Sigoloff, S. Remote Radiological Monitoring, Project 39.0. 

Mercury, NV.: Civil Effects Test Group. WT-1509. 

1960. 90 Pages. (A05) AD/A077 

41. Sigoloff, S.; Logie, L.; Borella, H.; et al. "Radiation 

Measurements Utilizing the USAF Chemical Dosimeters, 

39.1." Civil Effects Test Group. WT-1500. 

November 1958. 66 Pages. (A04) AD 339 

42. Stalk, G.; Gee, R.; Bednar, J.; et al. "In-Flight 

Structural Response of an Aircraft to a Nuclear 

Detonation, 5.5." Wright Air Development

Center. Albuquerque, NM.: Field Command, DASA. 

WT-1494. March 1960. 56 Pages. AD 357 

43. Tompkins, R.; Weaver, C.; Peterson, G. Neutron and 

Initial-Gamma Shielding, 2.4. TJS =v, 

Chemical Warfare Laboratory. Albuquerque, NM.:

Field Command, DASA. Fehruarv 

115 Pages. AD/A995 

44. Wagenhoffer, M.T., LTCOL., USMC (Ret.). from Phone 

Interview, Shot HOOD.1 Alexandria, VA.

Februarv 

45. Walls, J. In-Flight Structural Response of the Model 

Aircraft to a Nuclear Explosion, Project 5.4, 

Department of the Navy, Bureau of Aeronautics.

Albuquerque, NM.: Field Command, DASA. WT-1433. 

March 1960. 186 Pages. AD 355 

46. Wilcox, F.; R.; Weaver, C. Operation

Radiological Safetg Support Report. Las 

Vegas, NV.: OTO-57-2. 1957. 193 Pages.

AD/A077 

47. York, E.; Bovd, R.; Blavlock, J. "Initial Neutron and 

Gamma Air-Earth Interface Measurements, Operation 

PLUMBBOB, 2.10." Air Force, Special Weapons

Center. Albuquerque, NM.: Field Command, DASA.

WT-1419. February 1960. 70 Pages. AD 464 

*Available from NTIS; order number appears before the

asterisk. 

**Available at DOE CIC. 

***Not Available. 

 Requests to Act restrictions. 

87 
48. DELETED. 

49. Atomic Energy Commission, Office of the Test Director. 

"ANNEX J, to Test Director's Operation Plan No.

CTDN-140: Special Instructions, HOOD." Mercury,

NV.: AEC. 29 June 1957. 16 Pages.**  

50. P. H.; Shaull, J. M.; Behrens, W. V. "Effect of 

Nuclear Radiation on Semiconductor Devices (U), 

Project Albuquerque, NM.: Field Command, 

AFSWP. WT-1489. [October 19601. 22 Pages. 

51. P. H. [Interview with Mr. Peter Project

Officer for Project 6.2, Concerning Activities at Shot

HOOD.] December 1, 

52. Gulley, W.; Metcalf, R.; Wilson, M.; et al. "Evaluation of 

Eye Protection Afforded by an Electromechanical

Shutter, Project 4.2." Albuquerque, NM: Field 

Command, AFSWP. WT-1429. April 1960. 54 Pages.

AD 615 

53. Bryant, Edward J. [Project Officer, 1.11. Letter to 

L.C. Novotney, HOOD, Project 1.1. Be1 Air, 

Maryland. 9 March 1982. 1 Page.** 

54. Frank, G.; Goetz, J.; Klemm, J.; et al. Analysis of

Radiation Exposure, 4th Marine Corps Provisional

Atomic Exercise Brigade, Exercise Desert Rock VII, 

Operation PLUMBBOB. Science Applications, Inc.

Washington, DC.: DNA-5774F. June 1981. 80 Pages.

(A05) AD/A122 

55. Headquarters 4th Marine Corps. Provisional Atomic Exercise 

Brigade, Report of Exercise Desert Rock VII, Marine

Corps . Camp Pendleton, CA.: USMC, 4th Corps.

July 1957. 93 Pages.*** 

56. John M., LTCOL., USMC. [Notes from Interview,

Subject: Shot HOOD.] Washington, DC. December 5, 

1978. 1 Page.*** 

*Available from NTIS; order number appears before the

asterisk. 

**Available at DOE CIC. 

***Not Available. 

****Requests to Privacy Act restrictions. 

88 
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U.S. House of Representatives 

2 cy ATTN: Committee on Armed Services 

U.S. House of Representatives 

ATTN: Subcommittee on Health Envir 

U.S. Senate 

ATTN: Committee on Veterans Affairs 

U.S. Senate 

ATTN: on Veterans Affairs 

Veterans Administration RO 

Providence, RI 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration 

Washington, D.C. 

ATTN: Board of Veteran Appeal 

Veterans Administration Central 

Washington, D.C. 

ATTN: Dept Veterans Benefit, Central 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

Montgomery, AL 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

Anchorage, AK 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

Phoenix, AZ 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

Little Rock, AR 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration -RO 

Los Angeles, CA 

ATTN: Director 

OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES (Continued) 

Veterans Administration

San Francisco, CA 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Denver, CO 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Hartford, CT 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Wilmington, DE 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

St. Petersburg, FL 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration 

Atlanta, GA 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Honolulu, HI 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration 

Chicago, IL 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Seattle, WA 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Indianapolis, IN 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Des Moines, IA 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Wichita, KS 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Louisville, KY 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

New Orleans, LA 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

 ME 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Baltimore, MD 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Boston, MA 

ATTN: Director 

RO 
-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES (Continued1 

Veterans Administration 

St. Paul, MN 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Jackson, MS 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration 

Huntington, WV 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

St. Louis, MO 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration 

Fort Harrison, MT 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration 

Lincoln, NE 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Reno, NV 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Manchester, NH 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Newark, NJ 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Milwaukee,. WI 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration 

Albuquerque, NM 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration 

Buffalo, NY 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration 

New York, NY 

ATTN: Director 

-RO 

Veterans Administration 

Winston Salem, NC 

ATTN: Director 

-RO 

Veterans Administration

Fargo, ND 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Cleveland, OH 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

Veterans Administration

Muskogee, OK 

ATTN: Director 

RO 

OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES (Continued) 

Veterans Administration RO 

Portland, OR 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

Pittsburgh, PA 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

Philadelphia, PA 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

APO San Francisco 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

San Juan, Puerto Rico 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

Columbia, SC 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

Sioux Falls, SD 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RD 

Houston, TX 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

Waco, TX 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

Salt Lake City, UT 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

White River Junction, VT 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

Roanoke, VA 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

Cheyenne, WY 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

San Diego, CA 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

Boise, ID 

ATTN: Director 

Veterans Administration RO 

Detroit, MI 

ATTN: Director 
OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES (Continued) OTHER (Continued) 

Veterans administration RO Albany Public Library 

Nashville, TN ATTN: Librarian 

ATTN: Director 

Alexander City State Jr College 

The White House ATTN: Librarian 

ATTN: Domestic Policy Staff 

Allegheny College 

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE CONTRACTORS ATTN: Librarian 

Advanced Research Applications Corp Allen County Public Library 

ATTN: H. Lee ATTN: Librarian 

JAYCOR Altoona Area Public Library 

ATTN: A. Nelson ATTN: Librarian 

10 cy ATTN: Health Environment Div 

American Statistics Index 

Kaman Tempo ATTN: Cathy Jarvey 

6 ATTN: E. Martin 

ATTN: DASIAC Anaheim Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Kaman Tempo 

ATTN: R. Miller Andrews Library, College of Wooster 

ATTN: Government Documents 

Kaman Tempo

10 cy ATTN: C. Jones Angelo State University Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

National Academy of Sciences 

ATTN: C. Robinette Angelo Iacoboni Pub Lib 

ATTN: Medical Follow-up Agency 

ATTN: National Materials Advisory Board 

ATTN: Librarian 

Anoka County Library 

Pacific-Sierra Research Corp ATTN: Librarian 

ATTN: H. Brode, Chairman SAGE 

Appalachian State University 

R D Associates ATTN: Library Documents 

ATTN: P. 

Arizona State University Library 

Science Applications, Inc ATTN: Librarian 

ATTN: Tech Library 

Science Applications, Inc 

University of Arizona 

ATTN: Gov Dept, C. Bower 

10 cy ATTN: L. Novotney 

Arkansas College Library 

ATTN: Library 

Adams State College Arkansas Library 

ATTN: Govt Publication Lib ATTN: Library 

Akron Public Library Arkansas State University 

ATTN: Govt Publication Librarian ATTN: Library 

Alabama St Dept of Archives History

ATTN: Military Records Division 

University of Arkansas 

ATTN: Government Documents Div 

University of Alabama Austin College 

ATTN: Reference Arthur Hopkins Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Alaska 

ATTN: Director of Libraries Atlanta Public Library 

ATTN: Ivan Allen Dept 

University of Alaska

ATTN: Govt Publication Librarian Atlanta University Center 

ATTN: Librarian 
OTHER (Continued) 

Auburn Univ at Montgomery Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

B. Davis Schwartz Mem Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Bangor Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Bates College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Baylor University Library 

ATTN: Dept 

Beloit College Libraries 

ATTN: Serials Dept 

Bemidji State College 

ATTN: Library 

Benjamin F. Feinberg Library 

State University College 

ATTN: Government Documents 

Library, Akron University 

ATTN: Government Documents 

Boston Public Library 

ATTN: Documents Department 

Bowdoin College 

ATTN: Librarian 

Bowling Green State Univ 

ATTN: Govt Services 

Bradley University 

ATTN: Govt Publication Librarian 

Brandeis University Lib 

ATTN: Documents Section 

Brigham Young University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Brigham Young University 

ATTN: Documents Collection 

Brookhaven National Laboratory 

ATTN: Technical Library 

Brooklyn College 

ATTN: Documents Division 

Broward County Library Sys 

ATTN: Librarian 

Brown University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Bucknell University 

ATTN: Reference Dept 

OTHER (Continued) 

Buffalo Erie Co Pub Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Burlington Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

California at Fresno State Univ Lib 

ATTN: Library 

California at San Diego University 

ATTN: Documents Department 

California at Stanislavs St Clg Lib 

ATTN: Library 

California St Polytechnic Univ Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

California St Univ at Northridge 

ATTN: Gov 

California State Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

California State Univ at Long Beach Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

California State University 

ATTN: Librarian 

California State University 

ATTN: Librarian 

California Univ Library 

ATTN: Govt Publications Dept 

California Univ Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

California University Library 

ATTN: Govt Documents Dept 

California University Library 

ATTN: Documents 

California University 

ATTN: Government Documents Dept 

Calvin College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Calvin T. Ryan Library 

Kearney State College 

ATTN: Govt Documents Dept 

Carleton College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh 

ATTN: Librarian 

Carnegie Mellon University 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 
OTHER (Continued) OTHER (Continued) 

Carson Regional Library Colgate Univ Library 

ATTN: Gov Publications Unit ATTN: Reference Library 

Case Western Reserve University Colorado State Univ Libs 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Librarian 

University of Central Florida Colorado University Libraries 

ATTN: Library Dept ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Central Michigan University Columbia University Library 

ATTN: Library Documents Section ATTN: Documents Service Center 

Central Missouri State Univ Columbus Franklin Cty Public Lib 

ATTN: Government Documents ATTN: Gen Div 

Central State University Compton Library 

ATTN: Library Documents Dept ATTN: Librarian 

Central Washington University Connecticut State Library 

ATTN: Library Section ATTN: Librarian 

Central Wyoming College Library University of Connecticut 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Govt of Connecticut 

Charleston County Library Connecticut University 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Charlotte Mechlenburg County Pub Lib Cornell University Lib 

ATTN: E. Correll ATTN: Librarian 

Chattanooga Hamilton Co Corpus State University Lib 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Librarian 

Chesapeake Pub Lib System CSIA Library 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Librarian 

Chicago Public Library Culver City Library 

ATTN: Governments Publications Dept ATTN: Librarian 

State University of Chicago Curry College Library 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Librarian 

Library Public Library 

: Director of Libraries : Librarian 

ATTN: Documents Processing 

Dallas Public Library 

Cincinnati University Library ATTN: Librarian 

ATTN: Librarian 

Dalton Jr College Library 

Claremont Colleges Libs ATTN: Librarian 

ATTN: Collection 

Dartmouth College 

Clemson University ATTN: Librarian 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Davenport Public Library 

Cleveland Public Library ATTN: Librarian 

ATTN: Documents Collection 

Davidson College 

Cleveland State Univ Lib ATTN: Librarian 

ATTN: Librarian 

Dayton Montgomery City Pub Lib 

Coe Library ATTN: Librarian 

ATTN: Documents Division 

University of Dayton 

ATTN: Librarian 
OTHER (Continued 

Decatur Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Dekalb So Cpus 

ATTN: Librarian 

Delaware Pauw University 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Delaware 

ATTN: Librarian 

Delta College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Delta State University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Denison Univ Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Denver Public Library 

ATTN: Documents Div 

Dept of Lib Archives 

ATTN: librarian 

Detroit Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Dickinson State College 

ATTN: Librarian 

Drake Memorial Learning Resource Ctr 

ATTN: Librarian 

Drake University 

ATTN: Cowles Library 

Drew University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Duke University 

ATTN: Public Dept 

Duluth Public Library 

ATTN: Documents Section 

College 

ATTN: Librarian 

East Carolina University 

ATTN: Library Dept 

East Central University 

ATTN: Librarian 

East Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

East Orange Public Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

East Tennessee State Univ Sherrod Lib 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

OTHER (Continued) 

East Texas State University 

ATTN: Library 

Eastern Branch 

ATTN: Librarian 

Eastern Illinois University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Eastern Kentucky University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Eastern Michigan University Lib 

ATTN: Documents Libn 

Eastern Montana College Library 

ATTN: Documents Oept 

Eastern New Mexico Univ 

ATTN: Librarian 

Eastern Oregon College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Eastern Washington Univ 

ATTN: Librarian 

El Paso Public Library 

ATTN: Documents Geneology Dept 

Elko County Library 

ATTN: 

Elmira College 

ATTN: Librarian 

Elon College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Pratt Free Library 

ATTN: Documents Office 

Emory University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Evansville Vanderburgh County Pub Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Everett Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Fairleigh Dickinson Univ 

ATTN: Depository Dept 

Florida A M Univ 

ATTN: Librarian 

Florida Atlantic Univ Lib 

ATTN: Div of Public Documents 

Florida Institute of Tech Lib 

ATTN: Federal Documents Dept 

Florida Intl Univ Library 

ATTN: Section 
OTHER (Continued) OTHER (Continued) 

Florida State Library Government Publications Library-M 

ATTN: Documents Section Director of Libraries 

Florida State University Graceland College 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Librarian 

Fond Lac Public Lib Grand Forks Public City-County Library 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Librarian 

Fort Hays State University Grand Rapids Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Fort Worth Public Library Greenville County Library 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Librarian 

Free Pub Lib of Elizabeth Guam RFK Memorial University Lib 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Fed Depository Collection 

Free Public Library University of Guam 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Librarian 

Public Library College 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Library 

Fresno County Free Library University Library 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Librarian 

Public Library Hartford Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Librarian 

Garden Public Library Harvard College Library 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Gardner Webb College University of Hawaii 

ATTN: Documents Librn ATTN: Government Collection 

Gary Public Library Hawaii State Library 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Federal Documents Unit 

Georgetown Univ Library University of Hawaii at 

ATTN: Govt Oocs Room ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Georgia Inst Tech University of Hawaii 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Librarian 

Georgia Southern College Burns Library 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Librarian 

Georgia Southwestern College Henry Ford College Lib 

ATTN: Director of Libraries ATTN: Librarian 

Georgia State Univ Lib Herbert H. Lehman College 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Library Documents Division 

University of Georgia 

ATTN: Dir of Libraries 

Hofstra Univ Library 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

Glassboro State College Hollins College 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Librarian 

Library Hoover Institution 

ATTN: Librarian ATTN: Bingham 
OTHER (Continued) 

Hopkinsville College 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Houston, Library 

ATTN: Documents Div 

Houston Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Hoyt Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Humboldt State College Library 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

Huntington Park Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Hutchinson Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Idaho Public Lib Info Center 

ATTN: Librarian 

Idaho State Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Idaho State University Library 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

University of Idaho 

ATTN: Documents Sect 

ATTN: Dir of Libraries 

University of Illinois, Library 

ATTN: Documents Section 

Illinois State Library 

ATTN: Government Documents Branch 

Illinois Univ at Urbana Champaign 

ATTN: P. Watson, Documents Library 

Illinois Valley 

ATTN: Library 

Indiana State Library 

ATTN: Serial Section 

Indiana State University 

ATTN: Documents Libraries 

Indiana University Library 

ATTN: Documents Department 

Indianapolis Marion Cty Pub Library 

ATTN: Social Science Div 

Iowa State University Library 

ATTN: Govt Documents Dept 

Iowa University Library 

ATTN: Government Documents Dept 

OTHER (Continued) 

Butler University, Irwin Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Isaac Delchdo College 

ATTN: Librarian 

James Madison University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Jefferson County Public Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Jersey City State College 

ATTN: Librarian 

Johns Hopkins University 

ATTN: Documents Library 

John J. Wright Library, La College 

ATTN: Librarian 

Johnson Free Public Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Kahului Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Kalamazoo Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Kansas City Public Library 

ATTN: Documents Div 

Kansas State Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Kansas State Univ Library 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

University of Kansas 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Kent State University Library 

ATTN: Documents Div 

Kentucky Dept of Library & Archives 

ATTN: Documents Section 

University of Kentucky 

ATTN: Governments Publication 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Kenyon College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Lake Forest College 

ATTN: Librarian 

Lake Sumter Comm Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 
OTHER (Continued) 

Lancaster Regional Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Lawrence University 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

Lee Library, Brigham Young University 

ATTN: Documents Map Section 

Library Statutory Distribution Svc 

2 cy ATTN: Librarian 

Little Rock Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Long Beach Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Los Angeles Public Library 

ATTN: Serials Div U.S. Documents 

Louisiana State University 

ATTN: Government Dept 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Louisville Free Pub Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Louisville Univ Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Lyndon B. Johnson Sch of Pub Affairs Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Maine Maritime Academy 

ATTN: Librarian 

Maine University at 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Maine 

ATTN: Librarian 

Manchester City Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Mankato State College 

ATTN: Govt Publications 

Mantor Library 

Univ of Maine at Farmington 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Marathon County Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Marshall Brooks Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Maryland 

ATTN: Libr Div 

University of Maryland 

ATTN: Librarian 

OTHER (Continued) 

University of Massachusetts 

ATTN: Government College 

State Univ 

ATTN: Librarian 

Memphis Shelby County Pub Lib Info Ctr 

ATTN: Librarian 

Memphis State University 

ATTN: Librarian 

University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Mesa County Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Miami, Library 

ATTN: Government Publications 

Miami Public Library 

ATTN: Documents Division 

Miami Univ Library 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

Orradre Library 

University of Santa Clara 

ATTN: Documents Div 

Michigan State Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Michigan State University Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Michigan Tech University 

ATTN: Library Documents Dept 

University of Michigan 

ATTN: Acq Documents Unit 

Middlebury College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Millersville State 

ATTN: Librarian 

Milne Library 

State University of New York 

ATTN: Librn 

Milwaukee Pub Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Minneapolis Public Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Minnesota Div of Emergency 

ATTN: Librarian 

Minot State College 

ATTN: Librarian 

Mississippi State University 

ATTN: Librarian 
OTHER (Continued) 

University of Mississippi 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Missouri Univ at Kansas City Gen 

ATTN: Librarian 

Missouri University Library 

ATTN: Government Documents 

M.I.T. Libraries 

ATTN: Librarian 

Mobile Public Library 

ATTN: Governmental Info Division 

Moffett Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Montana State Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Montana State University, Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Montana 

ATTN: Documents Div 

State College 

ATTN: Library 

Mt Prospect Public Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Murray State Univ Lib 

ATTN: Library 

Nassau Library System 

ATTN: Librarian 

Natrona County Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Nebraska Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Univ of Nebraska at Omaha 

ATTN: Librarian 

Nebraska Western College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Univ of Nebraska at Lincoln 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Univ of Nevada at Reno 

ATTN: Governments Pub Dept 

Univ of Nevada at Las Vegas 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

New Hampshire University Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Hanover County Public Library 

Librarian 

Nebraska University 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

OTHER (Continued) 

New Mexico State Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

New Mexico State University 

ATTN: Lib Documents Div 

University of New Mexico 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

University of New Orleans Library 

ATTN: Govt Documents Div 

New Orleans Public Lib 

ATTN: Library 

New York Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

New York State Library 

ATTN: Control, Cultural Ed Ctr 

New York State Univ at Stony Brook 

ATTN: Main Lib Sect 

New York State Univ at Cortland 

ATTN: Librarian 

State Univ of New York 

ATTN: Library Documents 

State Univ of New York 

ATTN: Librarian 

New York State University 

ATTN: Documents Center 

State University of New York 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

New York University Library 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

Newark Free Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Newark Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Niagara Falls Pub Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Nicholls State Univ Library 

ATTN: Div 

Nieves M. Flores Memorial Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Norfolk Public Library 

ATTN: R. Parker 

North Carolina Agri Tech State Univ 

ATTN: Librarian 

Univ of North Carolina at Charlotte 

ATTN: Atkins Library Documents Dept 

Univ of North Carolina at Greensboro, Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

100 
OTHER (Continued) 

North Carolina Central University 

ATTN: Librarian 

North Carolina State University 

ATTN: Librarian 

North Carolina University at Wilmington 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of North Carolina 

ATTN: BA SS Division Documents 

North Dakota State University Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of North Dakota 

ATTN: Librarian 

North Georgia College 

ATTN: Librarian 

North Texas State University Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Northeast Missouri State University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Northeastern Illinois University 

ATTN: Library 

Northeastern Oklahoma State Univ 

ATTN: Librarian 

Northeastern University 

ATTN: Dodge Library 

Northern Arizona University Lib 

ATTN: Government Documents Dept 

Northern Illinois University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Northern Iowa University 

ATTN: Library 

Northern Michigan Univ 

ATTN: Documents 

Northern Montana College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Northwestern Michigan College 

ATTN: Librarian 

Northwestern State Univ 

ATTN: Librarian 

Northwestern State Univ Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Northwestern University Library 

ATTN: Govt Publications Dept 

Norwalk Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

OTHER (Continued) 

University of Notre Dame 

Document Center 

Oakland College 

ATTN: Librarian 

Oakland Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Oberlin College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Ocean County College 

ATTN: Librarian 

Ohio State University 

ATTN: Libraries Documents Division 

Ohio University Library 

ATTN: Dept 

Oklahoma City University Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Oklahoma City University Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Oklahoma Dept of Libraries 

ATTN: U.S. Govt Documents 

University Library, Oklahoma 

ATTN: Government Documents Collection 

Old Dominion University 

ATTN: Ooc Dept Univ Library 

Olivet College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Omaha Pub Lib Clark Branch 

ATTN: Librarian 

Oregon State Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Oregon 

ATTN: Documents Section 

Ouachita Baptist University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Pan American University Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Passaic Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Paul Klapper Library 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

Pennsylvania State Library 

ATTN: Government Publications Section 

101 
OTHER (Continued) 

Pennsylvania State University 

ATTN: Library Document 

University of Pennsylvania 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Penrose Library 

University of Denver 

ATTN: Penrose Library 

Peoria Public Library 

ATTN: Business, Science & Tech Dept 

Free Library of Philadelphia 

ATTN: Govt Publications Dept 

Philipsburg Free Public Library 

ATTN: Library 

Phoenix Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Pittsburg 

ATTN: Documents Office G 8 

Plainfield Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Popular Creek Public Lib District 

ATTN: Librarian 

Association of Portland Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Portland Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Portland State University Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Prescott Memorial Lib 

Louisiana Tech Univ 

ATTN: Librarian 

Princeton University Library 

ATTN: Division 

Providence College 

ATTN: Librarian 

Providence Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Cincinnati Hamilton County Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Public Library of Nashville and Davidson County 

ATTN: Library 

University of Puerto Rico 

ATTN: Maps Room 

Purdue University Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

OTHER (Continued) 

Quinebaug Valley Community 

ATTN: Librarian 

Ralph Brown Draughon Lib 

Auburn University 

ATTN: Microforms Documents Dept 

Rapid City Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Reading Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Reed College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Reese Library 

Augusta College 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Rhode Island Library 

ATTN: Govt Publications Office 

University of Rhode Island 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Rice University 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Richard W. Norton Mem Lib 

Louisiana College 

ATTN: Librarian 

County Pub Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Richmond 

ATTN: Library 

Riverside Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Rochester Library 

ATTN: Documents Section 

Rutgers University, Camden Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Rutgers State University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Rutgers University 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Rutgers University Law Library 

ATTN: Federal Documents Dept 

Salem College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

University 

ATTN: Librarian 

San Antonio Public Library 

ATTN: Bus Science Tech 

102 
OTHER (Continued) 

San Diego County Library 

ATTN: C. Jones, Acquisitions 

San Diego Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

San Diego State University Library 

ATTN: Govt Pubs Dept 

Public Library 

ATTN: Govt Documents Dept 

San Francisco State College 

ATTN: Govt Pub Collection 

San Jose State College Library 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

San Luis Obispo City-County Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Savannah Pub Effingham Libty Reg Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Scottsbluff Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Scranton Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Seattle Public Library 

ATTN: Ref Asst 

Selby Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Shawnee Library System 

ATTN: Librarian 

Shreve Memorial Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Silas Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Simon Mem Lib 

Columbus College 

ATTN: Librarian 

Sioux City Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

College 

ATTN: Librarian 

Slippery Rock State College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

South Carolina State Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of South Carolina 

ATTN: Librarian 

OTHER (Continued) 

University of South Carolina 

ATTN: Government Documents 

South Dakota Sch of Mines Tech 

ATTN: Librarian 

South State Library 

ATTN: Federal Documents Department 

University of South Dakota 

ATTN: Documents Librarian 

South Florida University Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Southdale-Hennepin Area Library 

Government Documents 

Southeast Missouri State University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Southeastern Massachusetts University Library 

ATTN: Documents 

University of Southern Alabama 

ATTN: Librarian 

Southern California University Library 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

Southern Connecticut State College 

ATTN: Library 

Southern Illinois University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Southern Illinois University 

ATTN: Documents Ctr 

Southern Methodist University 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Southern Mississippi 

ATTN: Library 

Southern Oregon College 

ATTN: Library 

Southern University in New Orleans, Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Southern Utah State College Library 

ATTN: Documents Department 

Southwest Missouri State College 

ATTN: Library 

Southwestern University of Louisiana, Libraries 

ATTN: Librarian 

Southwestern University School of Law Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

103 
 

OTHER (Continued) 

Spokane Public Library 

ATTN: Reference Dept 

Springfield City Library 

ATTN: Documents Section 

Bonaventure University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Joseph Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Lawrence University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Louis Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Paul Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Stanford University Library 

ATTN: Govt Documents Dept 

State Historical Lib 

ATTN: Serials Section 

State Library of Massachusetts 

ATTN: Librarian 

State University of New York 

ATTN: Librarian 

Stetson Univ 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Steubenville 

Librarian 

Stockton San Joaquin Public Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Stockton State College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Superior Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Swarthmore College Lib 

ATTN: Reference Dept 

Syracuse University Library 

ATTN: Documents Div 

Tacoma Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Tampa, Hillsborough County Public Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Temple University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Tennessee Technological University 

ATTN: Librarian 

OTHER (Continued) 

University of Tennessee 

ATTN: Dir of Libraries 

Terteling Library 

of Idaho 

Librarian 

Texas A M University Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Texas at Arlington 

ATTN: Library Documents 

University of Texas at San Antonio 

ATTN: Library 

Texas Christian University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Texas State Library 

ATTN: U.S. Documents Sect 

Texas Tech University Library 

ATTN: Govt Dept 

Texas University at Austin 

ATTN: Documents 

Texas University at El Paso 

ATTN: Documents and Maps Lib 

University of Toledo Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Toledo Public Library 

ATTN: Social Science Dept 

Torrance Civic Center Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Traverse City Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Trenton Free Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Trinity College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Trinity University Library 

ATTN: Documents Collection 

Tufts University Library 

ATTN: Documents 

Tulane University 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

University of Tulsa 

ATTN: Librarian 

UCLA Research Library 

ATTN: Public Affairs 

State Library of Ohio 

ATTN: Librarian 

104 
OTHER (Continued) 

Uniformed Univ of the Hlth Sci 

ATTN: LRC Library 

University Libraries 

ATTN: Dir of Libraries 

Upper Iowa College 

ATTN: Documents Collection 

Utah State University 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Utah 

ATTN: Special Collections 

University of Utah 

ATTN: Dept of Pharmacology 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Valencia Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Vanderbilt University Library 

ATTN: Govt Sect 

University of Vermont 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Virginia University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Virginia Military Institute 

ATTN: Librarian 

Virginia Polytechnic Inst Lib 

ATTN: Dept 

Virginia State Library 

ATTN: Serials Section 

University of Virginia 

ATTN: Public Documents 

Volusia County Public Libraries 

ATTN: Librarian 

Washington State Library 

ATTN: Documents Section 

Washington State University 

ATTN: Lib Documents Section 

Washington University Libraries 

ATTN: Dir of Libraries 

University of Washington 

ATTN: Documents Div 

Wayne State University Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Wayne State University Law Library 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

Weber State College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Wagner College 

ATTN: Librarian 

OTHER (Continued) 

Wesleyan University 

ATTN: Documents Librarian 

West Chester State 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

West Covina Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of West Florida 

ATTN: Librarian 

West Hills 

ATTN: Library 

West Texas State University 

ATTN: Library 

West Virginia of Grad Studies Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of West Virginia 

ATTN: Dir of Libraries 

Westerly Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Western Carolina University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Western Illinois University Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Western Washington Univ 

ATTN: Librarian 

Western Wyoming College Lib 

ATTN: Librarian 

Westmoreland Cty 

ATTN: Learning Resource Ctr 

Whitman College 

ATTN: Librarian 

Wichita State Univ Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

William Mary College 

ATTN: Dept 

William Allen White Library 

Emporia Kansas State College 

ATTN: Govt Documents Div 

William College Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Willimantic Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Winthrop College 

ATTN: Documents Dept 

University of Wisconsin at Whitewater 

ATTN: Governments Documents Library 

105 
OTHER (Continued) 

Wisconsin Milwaukee University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Wisconsin Oshkosh University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Wisconsin Platteville University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Wisconsin University at Stevens Point 

ATTN: Section 

University of Wisconsin 

ATTN: Govt Pubs Dept 

University of Wisconsin 

ATTN: Acquisitions Dept 

Worcester Public Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

OTHER (Continued) 

Yale University 

ATTN: Director of Libraries 

Yeshiva University 

ATTN: Librarian 

Yuma City County Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

Wright State Univ Library 

ATTN: Govts Documents Dept 

Wyoming State Library 

ATTN: Librarian 

University of Wyoming 

ATTN: Documents Div 

106