T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on and i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by9th C i r . R . 36- 3. NOT F OR P UB L I CAT I ON UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS FOR T HE NI NTH CI RC UI T MAR WAN D AR WI S H S I R E AL B U S T A M I, P et i t i on er , v. E R I C H . H O L D E R , J r ., A tto rn e yG e n e r a l, R e s p o n d e n t. N o. 08- 74295 A ge nc yN o. A 079- 595- 756 ME MOR AN DU M *

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orR e vi e w of

a n O r de rof

the B o a r do f I m m ig r a tio n A p p e a ls A r gue d a nd S ubm i tt e d J une 7, 2010

P ort l a nd, O r e gon B efo re: H A L L , F E RN A N D E Z , an dM cK E O W N , C i rcu i tJu d g es. P e t i t i one rM a rw a n D a rw i s h S i r e A l B us t a m i , ana t i ve a nd c i t i z e n of J or da n, w a s a d m itte din to th e U n ite dS ta te s o n M a r c h 1 , 1 9 9 9 , a s an o n im m ig r a n t v is ito r . O n N ov em ber 1, 20 01 , M r. A l B ust am i and h i s w i fe , A l i a A l Ja ss ar , fi l ed an appl i c a t i on f

ora s y l um , w i thhol di ng of r e m ova l , a nd pr ot e c t i on unde rthe 

# FI LED JU N 29 2010 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS2

C o n v e n tio n A g a in s t T o rtu r e ( “C A T ” ) . T h e ya lle g e dth a t M s . A l J a s s a r ’s f a m ily w oul d c om m i ta n “ honorc r i m e ” a ga i ns tthe c oupl e f orm a rry i ng a nd ha vi ng p r e m a r ita l s e x a g a in s t th e f a m ily ’s w is h e s . T h e D e p a rtm e n t o f H o m e la n dS e c u r ity r e f e rr e d the i rappl i c a t i on t o a n I m m i gr a t i on J udge ( “ I J ” ) . T he I Jde ni e d the c oupl e ’ s a s y l um a nd C A T c l a i m s . H e a l s o de ni e d M r . A l B us t a m i w i thhol di ng of r e mo v a l , b u th e g r a n t e dw i th h o l d i n g o f r e mo v a l t o M s . A l J a s s a r . M r . A l Bu s t a mi appe a l e d, a nd the B oa r d of I m m i gr a t i on A ppe a l s ( “ B I A ” ) a f f i rm e d, a dopt i ng the I J ’s d e c is io n in its e n tir e ty . T h is c o u rt h a s ju r is d ic tio n p u r s u a n t to 8 U .S .C . § 1 2 5 2 . We g r a n tth e p e t i t i o n i n p a rt , v a c a t e i n p a rt , a n dr e m a n dt o th e B I A. I. T he I Jappl i e d a n i nc orr e c tl e ga l s t a nda r d t o M r . A l B us t a m i ’ s e vi de nc e of pe r s e c ut i on, a nd he f

a i l e d t o e xpl a i n a de qua t e l yw hyhe de ni e d w i thhol di ng of rem o v al t o M r. A l B u st am i w h i l e g ran t i n g rel i ef t o M s. A l Jassar. U n d er th ese circ u m stan ce s, th e p ro p erco u rs e is to re m an dto th e B IA to re co n sid erp etit io n er ’s c la im u n d e rth e c o rr e c t s ta n d a r da n dto p r o v id e ar e a s o n e de x p la n a tio n f o rits d e c is io n . See E neh v. H older , 6 0 1 F .3 d9 4 3 , 9 4 7 - 4 9 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 1 0 ) ; O rn ela sCha vez v . G on zales , 45 8 F . 3d 10 52 , 10 58 (9th C i r. 20 06 ). T he I Jw a s c orr e c ttha tthe r e i s no s uc h thi ng a s “ de r i va t i ve w i thhol di ng of re m ov al , ” butthi s does notm ean thatM r. A l B ust am i ’ s c l ai m s s ho ul d b e a ss es se d3

i n c om pl e t e i s ol a t i on f

r om M s . A l J a s s a r ’ s , ortha tthe i nj ur i e s s he ha s s uf f e r e d do no ti m pactthe re as on abl enes s of M r. A l B ust am i ’ s f ear of per se cut i on by her f a m ily . W e h a v e h e ldth a t e v e n if d e r iv a tiv e a s y lu m is u n a v a ilab le , h a rm s to f a m ilym e m b e r s s h o u ldb e a s s e s s e dc u m u la tiv e ly , se e T chou khrova v. G on zales , 4 0 4 F .3 d1 1 8 1 , 1 1 9 0 - 9 1 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 5 ) , vacated on other groun ds by 549 U . S . 801 (200 6), and thatph ys i ca l vi ol ence t ow ar ds cl ose f am i l y m em bers can sub st ant i at e a p e titio n e r ’s f

e a ro f p e r s e c u tio n . Se e, e . g. , B a b a lla h v . A s h c r o ft , 367 F . 3d 1067, 10 74 -75 (9th C i r. 20 04 ) ( “ T he tre atm entof B abal l ah’ s brother dem on stra t ed that th e s e th r e a ts w e r e n o t id le . ”) ; G o n z a lezv . I NS , 82 F . 3d 903, 909 ( 9th C i r . 1996) (“ T h e v i o l en ce actuall y co m m i tt ed ag ai n sto th er m em b ers o f [p et i t i o n er’ s] fam i l y, and repet i t i on of threa t s t o h er , m ade her f ear of vi ol ence w el l foun ded. ”) . T he IJ doe s notappe a rt o ha ve appl i e d the s e pr i nc i pl e s t o M r . A l B us t a m i ’ s c l a i m s a nd in s te a dm a yh av e “f

o rm a lis tic a llyd iv id e d ” M r . A l B u s ta m i’s ap p lic a tio n f r o m h is w if e ’s . T chou kr ova , 404 F . 3d a t1192.T he gove rnm e ntde f e nds the I J ’ s de c i s i on l a r ge l yon the gr ounds tha thonor 1 k i l l i n g s are d i rect ed atw o m en , an dn o tm en su ch as M r. A l B u st am i . T h e IJ, how e ve r , di d notr e s thi s de c i s i on on the s e s gr ounds a nd a s s um e d, a tl e a s tf orthe sake of ar gu m ent , thatJordani an m en w ho have prem ar i t al se x w i th v i rgi n w om en c oul d be c ons i de r e d a“ pa rt i c ul a rs oc i a l gr oup” f orpurpos e s of

a s y l um a nd w ith h o ld in g . W e c a n n o t a d d r e s s th is is s u e in th e f ir s t in s ta n c e , se e G on zales v. T hom as , 5 4 7 U .S . 1 8 3 , 1 8 6 - 8 7 ( 2 0 0 6 ) , a n dth e B I A m a yr e m a n dto th e I Jto a d d r e s s it in th e f

ir s t in s ta n c e , if

n e c e s s a ry . W e n o te , h o w e v e r , th a t th e S ix th C ir c u it h a s f

o u n da“p a rtic u la rs o c ia l g r o u p ” in a r g u ab lys im ila rc ir c u m s ta n c e s . See A l-G ho rban iv. H

older , 58 5 F . 3d 98 0, 99 5-96 (6th C i r. 20 09 ).

4 T h e I Ja l s o f

a i l e dt o e x p l a i n a d e q u a t e l ywh yc e rt a i n a s p e c t s o f Mr . Al B us t a m i ’ s c a s e w e r e f

a t a l t o hi s w i thhol di ng c l a i m butnott o hi s w i f e ’ s . F or 1 e xa m pl e , the I Je m pha s i z e d tha tM s . A l J a s s a r ’ s f a m i l yha d m a de no e f

f ortt o f i nd M r. A l B u stam i i n th e U n it ed S tates, b u t h e d idn o t ex p lain w h y th e f am il y’s fai l u re t o p u rsu e th e co u p l e d i dn o tu n d erm i n e M s. A l Jassar’ s cl ai m . T h e IJ al so not e d the l a c k of

e vi de nc e tha ta“ bor de r l i ne m i ddl e a ge nuc l e a rf a m i l ya tthi s poi nt w oul d be s ubj e c tt o r e a l i s t i c ha rm be i ng i nf l i c t e d upon the m , ” butthi s obs e rva t i on se em s e qu al l y app l i cabl e t o M s. A l Ja ss ar . T he IJm usttre atsi m i l ar l y s i tuat ed ap p lic a n ts s im ila r ly , a n dh e m u s t p r o v id e ar e a s o n e de x p la n a tio n f o rs e e m in g ly in c o n s is te n t tr e a tm e n t o f c lo s e ly - r e la te dap p lic a n ts . N ju g u n a v . A s h c r o

ft , 374 F . 3d 7 6 5 , 7 7 1 n .4 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 4 ) ; W a n gv . A s h c r o

ft , 34 1 F . 3d 10 15 , 10 19 n. 2 (9th C i r. 2 0 0 3 ) .5

L a s t l y , the I Jappe a r s t o ha ve m i s c ons true d the c hr onol ogyof e ve nt s i n a w aythatm aybe m at er i al l y detri m ent al t o M r. A l B ust am i ’ s c l ai m s. T he IJst at ed thatM r. A l B ust am i ’ s m arri age r equestand the re vel at i on of the coup l e’ s s exual r e l a t i ons hi p “ pr e c i pi t a t e d the ha rm ” t o M s . A l J a s s a r . M s . A l J a s s a r ’ s be a t i ngs a nd M r . A l B u s ta m i’s a rr e s t, h o w e v e r , b o th a r o s e a s ar e s u lt o f th e irs e c r e t, d is ap p r o v e dm e e tin g s a n dp r e d a te dth e d is c lo s u r e o f th e irs e x u a l r e la tio n s h ip . O nce M s. A l Ja ss ar ’ s brothers l earned thatshe w as no l on ger avi rgi n, they e x p lic itlyth r e a te n e dto k ill ( in s te a do f b e a t) M s . A l J a s s a ra n dth r e a te n e dto k ill M r. A l B ust am i for the fi rs tt i m e. II. A l though w e gr a ntM r . A l B us t a m i ’ s pe t i t i on w i th r e s pe c tt o hi s w i thhol di ng of re m ov al cl ai m , w e deny hi s pet i t i on w i th res pectt o h i s C A T cl ai m . T he re cord doe s notc om pe l af

i ndi ng tha tM r . A l B us t a m i w oul d m or e l i ke l ytha n notbe to rtu r e db yo ra t th e a c q u ie s c e n c e o f ag o v e rn m e n t o f

f ic ia l if h e w e r e r e m o v e dto J o r d a n . N

uru v. G on zales , 4 0 4 F .3 d1 2 0 7 , 1 2 1 6 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 5 ) ; Zh e n gv . A s h c r o ft , 33 2 F . 3d 11 86 , 11 88 (9th C i r. 20 03 ). III.6

W e G R A N T in p a rt M r . A l B u s ta m i’s p e titio n f o rr e v ie w , VA C A TE i n p art the de c i s i on of

the B I A , a nd RE MAND fo r r ec o n sid er atio n o f M r. A l B u stam i’ s c la im f o rw ith h o ld in g o f

r e m o v a l.