## Ba y A r ea A i r Q u ali t y M a n a g e m e nt Dis t r ic t

939 E llis S t r ee t

S a n F r a n cisc o , C A

94109



### P r opo se d

R e gu l at i on 12

, Ru l e 11 :

F l a r e M on i t o ri ng at Pet r o l e u m R ef i n e ri es

Staff R e po rt

M a y 2003

(R e v i s ed 5 / 27 / 03 )

P r e p a r e d b y :

A l ex E z e r sk y

C omp li a n ce a nd E n f or ce m e n t D i v i s i on

B ill G u y

Pla nn i ng a nd R esea r c h D i v i s i oni 

### T A BL E O F C O NT E NT S

E X E CU TI V E SU MM ARY

........................................................................................................................... 1

B AC K G R O UND

........................................................................................................................................... 3

F L A R E S A ND S I

M I L A R D E V I C ES

.................................................................................................................... 4

F L A R E D E S I G N A ND O P E R A T I ON

.................................................................................................................. 4

E M I SS I ONS F R O M F L

A R ES

............................................................................................................................. 6

B A Y A R E A F L

A R E S A ND E X I S T I

N G M ON I T O R I

N G E QU I

P M E NT

...................................................................... 7

F L O W M ON I T O R I

N G T E C HNO L O G I

ES

.......................................................................................................... 11

G A S C O M POS I T I ON M ON I T O R I NG

............................................................................................................... 14

H I S T O R Y O F M ON I T O R I NG

.......................................................................................................................... 15

C A L I F O R N I A A I R D I S T R I C T R E G U L A T I ONS

.................................................................................................. 16

P R OPO S E D RU LE

..................................................................................................................................... 17

E X E M P T I ONS

.............................................................................................................................................. 18

D E F I N I T I ONS

............................................................................................................................................... 19

A D M I N I S T R A T I

V E R E QU I R E M E N TS

............................................................................................................. 20

M ON I T O R I

N G A ND R E C O R DS

...................................................................................................................... 22

M A NU A L O F P R O C E DU R ES

......................................................................................................................... 31

E M I SS I O NS R E DUC TI O NS

..................................................................................................................... 33

E C O N O M I C I M P AC T S

............................................................................................................................ 33

C OS TS

........................................................................................................................................................ 33

S O C I O E C ONO M I C I M P A C TS

......................................................................................................................... 35

I N CR E M E N T A L C OS TS

................................................................................................................................ 35

E NV I R O N M E N T A L I M P AC T S

............................................................................................................... 35

R E G U L A T O RY I M P AC T S

....................................................................................................................... 36

F E D E R A L R E QU I R E M E N TS

.......................................................................................................................... 36

D I S T R I C T R E QU I R E M E N TS

.......................................................................................................................... 37

RU LE D E V EL OP M E N T H I S T O RY

........................................................................................................ 37

D I S T R I C T S T A FF I M P AC T S

................................................................................................................... 38

C O NC L US I O N

............................................................................................................................................ 38

R E F E R E NC E S

............................................................................................................................................ 40

C O MM E N T S AND R E S PO NS E S

............................................................................................................. 41ii 

### F I G UR ES

F I GU R E 1

. T Y P I C A L F L A R E SYS T EM

..................................................................................................... 5

F I GU R E 2

. O R I F I C E P L A T E

..................................................................................................................... 11

F I GU R E 3

. T Y P I C A L HO T

- W I R E A N EM O ME T E R

................................................................................ 12

F I GU R E 4

. A N EM O ME T E R HO T W I R E

.................................................................................................. 12

F I GU R E 5

. T IME OF F L I GH T U L T R A SON I C F L O W ME T E R

............................................................... 13



### T A BL ES

T A B L E 1 : E X I S T I NG F L A R E M ON I T O R I NG

........................................................................................... 7

T A B L E 2 : C O M P A R I SON OF F L O W ME A SU R EME N T D E V I C E S

......................................................... 9

T A B L E 3 : C A L I FO R N I A F L A R E M ON I T O R I NG R U L E S

...................................................................... 16

T A B L E 4 : F L O W A S A FUN C T I ON OF H E A D E R S I Z E A ND V E L O C I T Y

............................................ 26

T A B L E 5

. C A P I T A L C OS T I T EM S

........................................................................................................... 33

T A B L E 6

. A NNU A L O P E R A T I NG C OS T S

.............................................................................................. 34

T A B L E 7 : C O M P A R I SON OF R E GU L A T O R Y R E QU I R EME N T S

........................................................ 361 

## EXE CU TI VE S U MM A R Y

P r opos e d D i s t r i c t R e g u l a ti on 12, R u l e 11: F l are Mon it o r i n g at P e t r o l e u m R ef i n er i e s i s i n t e nd e d

t o im p l e m e n t c on t r o l m ea su re SS

- 15 fr o m t h e B a y Ar ea 2001 O z on e A tt a i n m e n t P l a n. Th i s n e w

r u l e w ou l d re qu i re ref

i n er i e s t o m on it o r t h e vo l u m e a nd c o m pos iti on o f g a s e s bu r n e d i n ref i n er y

f l are s, t o ca l c u l a t e f

l are e mi ss i ons b a s e d on t h i s d a t a

, t o d e t er mi n e t h e rea sons f o r f l ar i n g

, t o

re po r t a ll o f t h i s i n f

o r m a ti on t o t h e D i s t r i c t

, a nd t o p r ov i d e v i d e o m on it o r i n g o f f l are s. Th e r u l e

w ill l ea d t o m u c h m o re acc u ra t e e s tim a t e s o f f l are e mi ss i ons, w ill a ll o w t h e D i s t r i c t t o ref i n e it s

e mi ss i on i nv e n t o r y f

o r f l ar i n g

, a nd w ill p r ov i d e i n f o r m a ti on t h a t i s li k e l y t o l ea d t o re du c ti ons i n

f l ar i n g

.

F l are s are p r im ar il y i n t e nd e d a s s afe t y a nd po ll u ti on c on t r o l d e v i ce s. Th e y bu r n g a s e s t h a t ca nno t

b e us e d b y t h e ref

i n er y a nd p re v e n t t h e i r

d i rec t re l ea s e t o t h e a tm osph ere . Th e p r opos e d r u l e

w ou l d re qu i re t h e m on it o r i n g o f t h e s e g a s e s. Th e p r im ar y p ara m e t er s t o b e m on it o re d are v e n t

g a s f l o w t o t h e f

l are a nd v e n t g a s c o m pos iti on.

F o r m on it o r i n g o f t h e vo l u m e o f g a s d i rec t e d t o f l are s, t h e r u l e e s t a b li sh e s ra n g e a nd acc u rac y

re qu i re m e n t s t h a t

, a t p re s e n t

, ca n b e m e t on l y b y u lt ra son i c f

l o w m on it o r s. Th e s e m on it o r s are

ca ll e d tim e- o f-f

li g h t ( T O F ) u lt ra son i c m on it o r s. Th e y d e t er mi n e f

l o w v e l o c it y

b y m ea su r i n g t h e

tim e re qu i re d f

o r u lt ra son i c w a v e s t o t ra v e l i n t h e f l are g a s fr o m a n " ups t rea m " p r ob e t o a

" do w ns t rea m " p r ob e a nd b y c o m p ar i n g t h e tim e t o t h a t re qu i re d f o r t h e s l o w er " ups t rea m " t r i p.

Th i s t ec hno l o g y i s t h e b e s t a v a il a b l e t ec hno l o g y f o r m ea su r i n g g a s f

l o w f o r f l are s. T w o o f t h e

B a y Ar ea ref

i n er i e s a l rea d y

h a v e o l d er

u lt ra son i c m on it o r s, bu t t h e r u l e w ou l d re qu i re a ll o f t h e

ref i n er i e s t o i ns t a ll n e w er

, m o re soph i s ti ca t e d, a nd m o re acc u ra t e m on it o r s.

F o r m on it o r i n g o f f

l are g a s c o m pos iti on, t h e r u l e a ll o w s t w o p r im ar y op ti ons : ( 1 ) c o ll ec ti on o f

s a m p l e s f o r subs e qu e n t l a b a n a l y s i s, o r ( 2 ) us e o f c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s t h a t s a m p l e g a s a nd

a n a l y z e it a u t o m a ti ca ll y

. F o r t h e f i r s t op ti on, s a m p l e s ca n b e c o ll ec t e d w it h a n a u t o

- s a m p l er o r

m a nu a ll y . M a nu a l s a m p li n g i s e x p ec t e d t o b e limit e d t o i n fre qu e n tl y us e d f l are s. F o r t h e s ec ond

op ti on, a nu m b er o f c on ti nuous a n a l y z er t ec hno l o g i e s are a v a il a b l e : f l a m e i on i z a ti on d e t ec t o r s

( F I D) , non

- d i sp er s i v e i n frare d (ND I R ) sp ec t r opho t o m e t r y

, a nd g a s c h r o m a t o g ra ph y (G C ) . Th e s e

m e t hods are w i d e l y

us e d b y i ndus t r y a nd b y re g u l a t o r s, bu t h a v e n e v er b ee n us e d on f

l are

h ea d er s. Th e r u l e e s t a b li sh e s a pp r op r i a t e m e t hods a nd p r o ce du re s f o r eac h t ec hno l o g y

.

Th e r u l e a ll o w s t h e t w o op ti ons, s a m p li n g a nd c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s, b eca us e eac h h a s

a dv a n t a g e s a nd d i s a dv a n t a g e s t h a t m a y d i c t a t e on e ov er t h e o t h er f o r t h e sp ec i f

i c f l are i n

qu e s ti on. S a m p li n g i s a

p r ov e n a pp r o ac h t h a t w ill , ov er tim e , bu il d a l ar g e s e t o f d a t a f o r eac h

f l are f o r w h i c h it i s us e d. C on ti nuous a n a l y z er s, t hou g h d e s i ra b l e b eca us e o f t h e c on ti nuous d a t a

t h e y ca n p r ov i d e , h a v e no t y e t b ee n us e d t o m on it o r f l are v e n t g a s, w h i c h i s no t a s " c l ea n " a s

m os t g a s s t rea m s f

o r w h i c h t h e s e a n a l y z er s are us e d. U s e o f c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s w ill re qu i re

s a m p l e c ond iti on i n g e qu i p m e n t t h a t m a y b e d i ff i c u lt t o d e s i g n a nd m a y re qu i re c ons i d era b l e

m a i n t e n a n ce . Th e r u l e re p re s e n t s a c o m p r o mi s e

, a ll o w i n g a m e t hod t h a t i s kno w n t o w o r k

( s a m p li n g ) w h il e e n c ou ra g i n g a m e t hod t h a t t h e D i s t r i c t w ou l d li k e t o s ee p r ov e n i n p rac ti ce

(c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s ) . Th i s e nsu re s t h a t t h e r u l e w ill w o r k a nd a vo i ds t h e r i sk o f r u l e fa il u re2

t h a t w ou l d c o m e fr o m m a nd a ti n g on l y c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s a nd t h e mi ss e d oppo r t un it y t h a t

mi g h t c o m e fr o m m a nd a ti n g on l y s a m p li n g

. D i s t r i c t s t aff e x p ec t s t h a t t h e re su lt m a y b e t h e us e

o f c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s on so m e f l are s a nd s a m p li n g on o t h er s.

Th e p r opos e d r u l e re qu i re s m on it o r i n g d a t a t o b e sub mitt e d t o t h e D i s t r i c t i n a m on t h l y re po r t

t h a t i s du e w it h i n 30 d a y s af t er t h e e nd o f eac h m on t h. Th e re po r t m us t i n c l ud e f l o w d a t a

,

c o m pos iti on d a t a

, e mi ss i ons e s tim a t e s, d e s cr i p ti ons o f a ll f l ar i n g ac ti v it y

, a nd i n f

o r m a ti on on a n y

do w n tim e f

o r t h e m on it o r s, a nd t h e arc h i v e o f v i d e o im a g e s rec o r d e d f

o r t h e m on t h. Th e r u l e

a l so re qu i re s a

s e mi -a nnu a l re po r t c o m p ar i n g f l o w m on it o r

d a t a f o r a p er i od o f tim e w it h a

s e t o f

d a t a f o r t h e s a m e p er i od d er i v e d b y o t h er m e t hods. Th e c o m p ar i son d a t a ca n c o m e fr o m

m e t hods a pp r ov e d b y t h e m on it o r m a nu fac t u rer

, fr o m f l o w vo l u m e o r

v e l o c it y m ea su re m e n t s

us i n g t racer g a s e s, fr o m f l o w m ea su re m e n t s w it h p it o t t ub e s, o r fr o m d a t a d er i v e d fr o m o t h er

m e t hods a pp r ov e d b y t h e D i s t r i c t

.

Th e p r opos e d r u l e a l so re qu i re s v i d e o m on it o r i n g o f f l are s. Th e f

l are im a g e i s re qu i re d t o b e

rec o r d e d, a nd t h e rec o r d e d im a g e s f o r eac h m on t h m us t b e sub mitt e d w it h t h e m on t h l y re po r t

. Th i s w ill a ll o w t h e D i s t r i c t t o e x a mi n e f l are im a g er y t o h e l p e x p l a i n a n y f l ar i n g

, t o re spond t o

a n y c o mm un it y c on cer ns o r c o m p l a i n t s, a nd t o e nsu re t h a t m on it o r d a t a c o rre sponds w it h t h e

im a g e s.

Th e r u l e re qu i re m e n t s w ou l d b e im pos e d i n s t e ps t h a t are b a s e d upon t h e D i s t r i c t ' s d e t er mi n a ti on

a bou t t h e l e n g t h o f tim e re qu i re d t o i ns t a ll t h e n ece ss ar y e qu i p m e n t

. A ll ref i n er i e s w ou l d h a v e t o

s t ar t t a k i n g d a il y c o m pos iti on s a m p l e s w it h i n 3 m on t hs ( so m e are a l rea d y do i n g so )

. W it h i n 6

m on t hs, eac h ref

i n er y w ill h a v e t o h a v e c on ti nuous f l o w m on it o r s i n p l ace

. I n 9 m on t hs, eac h

ref i n er y w ill b e re qu i re d t o m on it o r c o m pos iti on a t m o re fre qu e n t i n t er v a l s us i n g s a m p li n g o r

c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s.

Th e p r opos e d r u l e w ou l d a pp l y t o t h e 25 f l are s l o ca t e d a t t h e f

i v e B a y Ar ea ref

i n er i e s :

C h e v r onT e x ac o i n Ri c h m ond ( 9 f l are s )

, C ono c o P h illi ps i n R od e o ( 2 f l are s )

, V a l er o i n B e n i c i a ( 3

f l are s ) , T e so r o i n A von ( 6 f l are s )

, a nd S h e ll i n M ar ti n e z ( 5 f l are s ) . T w o o f t h e t w e n t y -f i v e are

no t i n s er v i ce

. A ll o f t h e f l are s i n s er v i ce are c u rre n tl y m on it o re d f o r so m e p ara m e t er

, t yp i ca ll y

f l o w o r v e n t g a s h ea ti n g v a l u e . Th e p r opos e d r u l e w ou l d re qu i re t h a t a ll o f t h e ref i n er i e s up g ra d e

t h e i r c u rre n t m on it o r i n g e qu i p m e n t , bu t t h e n e w e qu i p m e n t n ece ss ar y a nd t h e c os t s i nvo l v e d

w ou l d v ar y g rea tl y , d e p e nd i n g upon t h e soph i s ti ca ti on o f t h e c u rre n tl y

- i ns t a ll e d e qu i p m e n t . Th e

D i s t r i c t h a s e s tim a t e d a ra n g e o f c os t s f o r a ref i n er y b a s e d on c os t s f

o r t h e v ar i ous op ti ons

a ll o w e d und er t h e p r opos e d r u l e . Th e c os t o f t h e m on it o r i n g e qu i p m e n t f o r a s i n g l e f l are i s

r ou g h l y $200,000. Th e D i s t r i c t h a s e s tim a t e d t h e a nnu a l c os t p er f l are

, w it h e qu i p m e n t c os t s

a m o r ti z e d ov er t e n y ear s a nd i n c l ud i n g op era ti n g a nd m a i n t e n a n ce c os t s, t o b e $50,000 p er f l are

p er y ear

.

I n d e v e l op i n g t h i s r u l e

, t h e D i s t r i c t re li e d on i n f o r m a ti on a nd d a t a g a t h ere d du r i n g t h e D i s t r i c t ' s

f l are f u r t h er s t ud y eff o r t

. I n A u g us t 2002, D i s t r i c t s t aff h e l d a w o r kshop i n M ar ti n e z t o d i s c uss

b a s i c r u l e c on ce p t s. I t b e g a n d e v e l op i n g a d raf t r u l e i n l a t e 2002, a nd i n M arc h sh are d

p re limi n ar y

d raf t s w it h re p re s e n t a ti v e s fr o m t h e f i v e B a y Ar ea ref

i n er i e s, t h e W e s t er n S t a t e s

P e t r o l e u m A sso c i a ti on ( W SP A)

, a nd C o mm un iti e s f o r a B e tt er

Env i r on m e n t ( C B E )

. I n l a t e3

M arc h a nd ear l y A p r il

, D i s t r i c t s t aff h e l d t h ree c o mm un it y m ee ti n g s t o d i s c uss d e t a il e d r u l e

c on ce p t s. Th e m ee ti n g s w ere h e l d i n Ri c h m ond, M ar ti n e z

, a nd R od e o. R u l e d raf t s w ere a l so

sh are d w it h A R B a nd E P A

.

Af t er t h e p r opos e d r u l e w a s d e v e l op e d f o r t h e M a y

21s t B o ar d h ear i n g

, t h e D i s t r i c t c onv e n e d t h e

f l are w o r k g r oup t h a t h a s b ee n w o r k i n g on t h e D i s t r i c t ’ s f l are f u r t h er s t ud y (f u r t h er s t ud y m ea su re

F S

- 8 fr o m t h e B a y Ar ea

2001 O z on e A tt a i n m e n t P l a n ) t o d i s c uss t h e p r opos e d r u l e

. A dd iti on a l

i ssu e s w ere i d e n ti f

i e d, a nd a re v i s e d r u l e i s no w p r opos e d f o r a dop ti on b y t h e B o ar d. To a vo i d

c on f us i on, t h i s s t aff re po r t refer s t o t h e r u l e p re p are d a nd m a d e a v a il a b l e w it h t h e pub li c no ti ce

f o r t h e M a y

21s t h ear i n g a s t h e “ p r opos e d r u l e

. ” Th i s i s i n k ee p i n g w it h s t a nd ar d t er mi no l o g y

us e d b y A R B

, a i r

d i s t r i c t s, a nd t h e H ea lt h a nd S afe t y C od e ( §§40725, 40726 ) . Th e re v i s e d

v er s i on o f t h e r u l e no w p r opos e d f o r a dop ti on i s ca ll e d t h e “re v i s e d r u l e

. ” E ar li er d raf t s o f t h e

r u l e are ca ll e d “ear li er

d raf t s. ”

A t t h e M a y

21s t B o ar d h ear i n g

, a

nu m b er o f a dd iti on a l c h a n g e s i n t h e re v i s e d r u l e w ere

su gg e s t e d i n c o mm e n t s b y W SP A

, i nd i v i du a l ref i n er i e s, t h e A i r R e sou rce s B o ar d, C B E, a nd

ref i n er y l a bo r

un i ons. I n re spons e t o t hos e c o mm e n t s, a dd iti on a l c h a n g e s h a v e b ee n m a d e t o t h e

re v i s e d r u l e . Th e s e c h a n g e s are ref l ec t e d i n doub l e und er li n e / doub l e s t r i k e t h r ou g h f

o r m a t i n t h e

re v i s e d r u l e . Th e re v i s i ons are i n S ec ti ons 12

- 11

- 401, 502, 506, a nd 507. B r i ef d i s c uss i ons o f

t h e c h a n g e d r u l e s ec ti ons h a v e b ee n a dd e d t o t h i s s t aff re po r t a nd are und er li n e d. Th e s e c h a n g e s

are no t so subs t a n ti a l a s t o c h a n g e t h e m ea n i n g o f t h e r u l e a nd ca n b e a dop t e d a t t h e J un e 4, 2003

h ear i n g . Th e m os t s i g n i f i ca n t i ssu e ra i s e d a t t h e h ear i n g w a s t h e i ssu e o f " w e b ca s ti n g

. " S t aff i s

p r opos i n g t h a t t h e w e b ca s ti n g i ssu e b e referre d t o t h e S t a ti on ar y S ou rce C o mmitt ee o f t h e B o ar d

b eca us e o f it s d i ff

i c u lt y , b eca us e it w a s no t i n c l ud e d i n t h e r u l e f o r w h i c h t h e C E QA do c u m e n t

w a s p re p are d, a nd b eca us e re so l u ti on o f w e b ca s ti n g i ssu e s c ou l d d e l a y t h e re s t o f t h e r u l e

subs t a n ti a ll y i f

no t t rea t e d s e p ara t e l y.

P u r su a n t t o t h e C a li f

o r n i a Env i r on m e n t a l Q u a lit y A c t ( C E QA)

, t h e D i s t r i c t p re p are d a n i n iti a l

s t ud y t o d e t er mi n e t h e po t e n ti a l e nv i r on m e n t a l im p ac t s o f p r opos e d R e g u l a ti on 12, R u l e 11. Th e

s t ud y i d e n ti f

i e d t h e c ons t r u c ti on w o r k re qu i re d t o i ns t a ll m on it o r s a s a sou rce o f po t e n ti a l

e nv i r on m e n t a l im p ac t s. H o w e v er , b eca us e o f t h e s afe t y re qu i re m e n t s t h a t g ov er n t h i s t yp e o f

w o r k, t h e re g u l ar it y w it h w h i c h s imil ar ho t w o r k i s c ondu c t e d i n ref i n er i e s, a nd t h e c ons e qu e n t

fa mili ar it y w it h a nd p re p are dn e ss f o r t h i s t yp e o f w o r k on t h e p ar t o f ref i n er y w o r k er s a nd

c on t rac t o r s, t h e s t ud y c on c l ud e d t h a t t h e p r opos e d r u l e w ou l d no t re su lt i n a n y s i g n i f i ca n t

e nv i r on m e n t a l im p ac t s. Th e do c u m e n t w a s c i rc u l a t e d f o r c o mm e n t

, a nd no c o mm e n t s w ere

rece i v e d.



## B A CK G R O UND

F l are s p r ov i d e a

s afe t y a nd e mi ss i on c on t r o l m ec h a n i s m f o r ref i n er y b l o w do w n s y s t e m s.

B l o w do w n s y s t e m s c o ll ec t a nd s e p ara t e bo t h li qu i d a nd g a s e ous d i s c h ar g e s fr o m v ar i ous ref i n er y

p r o ce ss un it s a nd e qu i p m e n t . Th e s y s t e m s g e n era ll y rec ov er li qu i ds a nd s e nd g a s e s t o t h e f u e l

g a s s y s t e m f

o r us e i n ref i n er y c o m bus ti on. H o w e v er

, w h e n t h e h ea ti n g v a l u e o f t h e g a s s t rea m i s

i nsu ff i c i e n t

, w h e n t h e s t rea m i s i n t er mitt e n t , o r w h e n t h e s t rea m e x cee ds w h a t i s n ece ss ar y t o

s a ti s f y ref i n er y c o m bus ti on n ee ds, f l are s c o m bus t t h e s e g a s e s a nd p re v e n t t h e i r d i rec t re l ea s e t o4

t h e a tm osph ere

. F l are s are d e s i g n e d t o h a nd l e l ar g e f l u c t u a ti ons i n t h e f

l o w ra t e a nd h y d r o car

bon

c on t e n t o f g a s e s.



### F lare s and Si m ilar D e v i c e s

A nu m b er

o f d i ffere n t d e v i ce s m a y

b e ca ll e d f

l are s. A f l are

, a s d ef

i n e d i n t h e p r opos e d r u l e

, i s a

c o m bus ti on d e v i ce t h a t us e s a n op e n f l a m e t o bu r n c o m bus ti b l e g a s e s w it h c o m bus ti on a i r

p r ov i d e d b y

un c on t r o ll e d a m b i e n t a i r su rr ound i n g t h e f

l a m e . Th e t er m i s m os t c o mm on l y

a pp li e d t o t h e op e n a i r f

l are

. I t i s a l so c o mm on l y a pp li e d t o g r ound f l are s, w h i c h are l o ca t e d a t

g r ound l e v e l a nd t yp i ca ll y h a v e a n e n c l osu re ar ound t h e op e n f l a m e . Th e t er m " e n c l os e d f l are "

m a y a l so b e a pp li e d t o t h i s t yp e o f f l are

, re g ar d l e ss w h e t h er it i s l o ca t e d a t g r ound l e v e l

. F l are s,

w h e t h er " op e n a i r

, " " g r ound, " o r " e n c l os e d, " re l y on su rr ound i n g a i r f

o r c o m bus ti on a nd do no t

h a v e a n y m ec h a n i s m f

o r c on t r o l o f t h i s c o m bus ti on a i r

.

Th e t er m " t h er m a l o x i d i z er " i s so m e tim e s us e d a s a b r o a d t er m t o a pp l y t o m a n y t yp e s o f d e v i ce s

t h a t o x i d i z e c o m bus ti b l e g a s e s, i n c l ud i n g f l are s. H o w e v er

, t h e t er m i s m o re p r op er l y a pp li e d t o

e n c l os e d d e v i ce s t h a t , un li k e f l are s, c on t r o l t h e mi x i n g o f c o m bus ti on a i r a nd f u e l

. A s d ef

i n e d i n

t h e p r opos e d r u l e

, a t h er m a l o x i d i z er i s a n e n c l os e d o r p ar ti a ll y e n c l os e d c o m bus ti on d e v i ce t h a t

i s us e d t o o x i d i z e c o m bus ti b l e g a s e s, t h a t g e n era ll y c o m e s w it h c on t r o l s f o r c o m bus ti on

t e m p era t u re a nd o f

t e n w it h c on t r o l s f

o r a i r / f u e l mi x t u re

, a nd t h a t e x h a us t s a ll c o m bus ti on

p r odu c t s t h r ou g h a

v e n t , du c t , o r

s t ac k so t h a t e mi ss i ons ca n b e m ea su re d d i rec tl y

.

I n g e n era l

, f

l are s are us e d t o c on t r o l un it s a nd op era ti ons fr o m w h i c h g a s f l o w s m a y b e

i n t er mitt e n t a nd m a y ra n g e fr o m v er y l o w f l o w s t o v er y

h i g h f l o w s. Th e y are acce p t e d a s t h e

m os t re li a b l e w a y t o e nsu re t h a t t h e po t e n ti a ll y e no r m ous f l o w s t h a t m a y re su lt fr o m a n ups e t o r

shu t do w n o f a l ar g e ref

i n er y un it

, a l ar g e b l o c k o f

un it s, o r a n e n ti re ref

i n er y ca n b e c on t r o ll e d.

Th er m a l o x i d i z er s are g e n era ll y us e d t o c on t r o l e mi ss i ons fr o m sou rce s o r op era ti ons f

o r w h i c h

f l o w s are l o w er a nd m o re s t a b l e . Th e s e sou rce s i n c l ud e w a s t e w a t er s y s t e m s, l o a d i n g rac ks,

s t o ra g e v e ss e l s, pu m ps o r c o m p re sso r s, a nd so m e re li ef s y s t e m s on s m a ll p r o ce ss un it s. B eca us e

o f t h e g rea t er c on t r o l ov er c o m bus ti on aff o r d e d b y t e m p era t u re a nd mi x t u re c on t r o l s, t h er m a l

o x i d i z er s t yp i ca ll y

h a v e v er y

h i g h c o m bus ti on eff

i c i e n c y . Th er m a l o x i d i z er s are t yp i ca ll y sub j ec t

t o p er mit c ond iti ons re qu i r i n g c o m bus ti on eff i c i e n c y o f 98 % o r h i g h er

. B eca us e c o m bus ti on

p r odu c t s p a s t t h r ou g h a

v e n t

, a du c t , o r a s t ac k, t h e c o m bus ti on eff i c i e n c y o f t h er m a l o x i d i z er s

ca n b e v er i f

i e d b y sou rce t e s t s.



### F lare D e s ign and Opera t ion

Th e op e n a i r f

l are i s t h e p re do mi n a n t d e s i g n t yp e i n t h e B a y Ar ea . Th e s e f l are s are d e s i g n e d t o

h a nd l e l ar g e f

l u c t u a ti ons i n t h e f

l o w ra t e a nd h y d r o car

bon c on t e n t o f g a s e s. Th e y are us e d t o

p re v e n t re l ea s e s o f

un c o m bus t e d m a t er i a l s g e n era t e d du r i n g m a i n t e n a n ce ac ti v iti e s, e m er g e n c y

e v e n t s su c h a s po w er a nd e qu i p m e n t fa il u re s, a nd t o a l e ss er e x t e n t a s a c on t r o l d e v i ce f o r

m a t er i a l s t h a t ca nno t b e rec ov ere d.5 F i g u re 1. T y p i c a l F l a re S ys te m

Th e d i a g ra m a bov e ill us t ra t e s a t yp i ca l g e n era l s er v i ce f l are s y s t e m . Th e s y s t e m i s a c o m pon e n t

o f t h e ref i n er y b l o w do w n s y s t e m . Th e b l o w do w n s y s t e m i s d e s i g n e d t o c o ll ec t g a s e s a nd li qu i ds

re l ea s e d t h r ou g hou t t h e ref i n er y a nd d i rec t t h e m t o t h e ref i n er y rec ov er y

s y s t e m o r

, w h e n t h ere i s

i nsu ff i c i e n t ca p ac it y t o rec ov er t h e m

, t o a f l are . Th e s e g a s e s a nd li qu i ds m a y b e re l ea s e d f

o r

m a n y d i ffere n t rea sons. Th e y m a y b e no r m a l b yp r odu c t s o f a p r o ce ss un it o r

v e ss e l

, t h e y m a y

re su lt fr o m a n ups e t i n a

p r o ce ss un it , o r t h e y m a y c o m e fr o m ref i n er y p r o ce ss un it s du r i n g

s t ar t up a nd shu t do w n w h e n t h e b a l a n ce b e t w ee n g a s g e n era ti on a nd t h e c o m bus ti on o f t h a t g a s

f o r p r o ce ss h ea t i s d i s r up t e d.

Th e b l o w do w n s y s t e m d e li v er s g a s e s a nd li qu i ds t o a kno c kou t d r u m t h a t ca p t u re s li qu i ds a nd

d i rec t s t h e m t o t h e o il rec ov er y s t rea m . Th e ref

i n er y f l are g a s c o m p re sso r s t h e n d i rec t g a s e s t o

t h e f u e l g a s s y s t e m . Th e e x t e n t t o w h i c h t h e s e g a s e s ca n b e ca p t u re d d e p e nds upon t h e ca p ac it y

o f t h e c o m p re sso r s. A ref i n er y i n g ood b a l a n ce shou l d b e a b l e t o ca p t u re m os t o f t h e g a s e s

d e li v ere d t o t h e b l o w do w n s y s t e m du r i n g no r m a l op era ti ons a nd us e t h e m t o h ea t p r o ce ss un it s.

Th i s i s no t t h e ca s e i f a ref i n er y h a s i nsu ff

i c i e n t c o m p re sso r ca p ac it y o r w h e n t h ere i s a n ups e t o r

acc i d e n t

, a nd t h e vo l u m e o f g a s e s i s t oo g rea t f o r t h e c o m p re sso r s t o h a nd l e

.6



### E m i ss ion s f ro m F lare s

F l are s p r odu ce a i r

po ll u t a n t s t h r ou g h t w o p r im ar y m ec h a n i s m s. Th e f i r s t m ec h a n i s m i s

i n c o m p l e t e c o m bus ti on. L i k e a ll c o m bus ti on d e v i ce s, f l are s do no t c o m bus t a ll o f t h e f u e l

d i rec t e d t o t h e m

. C o m bus ti on eff i c i e n c y i s t h e e x t e n t t o w h i c h t h e o x i d a ti on reac ti ons t h a t o cc u r

i n c o m bus ti on are c o m p l e t e reac ti ons c onv er ti n g t h e g a s e s e n t er i n g t h e f l are i n t o f u ll y o x i d i z e d

c o m bus ti on p r odu c t s. C o m bus ti on eff i c i e n c y m a y

b e s t a t e d i n t er m s o f t h e e x t e n t t o w h i c h a ll

g a s e s e n t er i n g t h e f

l are are c o m bus t e d, t yp i ca ll y ca ll e d " ov era ll c o m bus ti on eff i c i e n c y " o r

s im p l y

" c o m bus ti on eff

i c i e n c y " , o r it m a y

b e s t a t e d a s t h e eff

i c i e n c y o f c o m bus ti on f

o r so m e c ons tit u e n t

o f t h e f l are g a s a s, f

o r e x a m p l e

, " h y d r o car

bon d e s t r u c ti on eff

i c i e n c y

. "

Th e s ec ond m ec h a n i s m o f po ll u t a n t g e n era ti on i s t h r ou g h t h e o x i d a ti on o f f l are g a s e s t o f

o r m

o t h er po ll u t a n t s. A s a n e x a m p l e

, t h e g a s e s t h a t are bu r n e d i n f l are s t yp i ca ll y c on t a i n su l f u r i n

v ar y i n g a m oun t s. C o m bus ti on o x i d i z e s t h e s e su l f u r c o m pounds t o f

o r m su l f u r d i o x i d e

, a

po ll u t a n t

. I n a dd iti on, c o m bus ti on a l so p r odu ce s re l a ti v e l y mi no r a m oun t s o f n it r o g e n o x i d e s

t h r ou g h o x i d a ti on o f t h e n it r o g e n i n f l are g a s o r a tm osph er i c n it r o g e n i n c o m bus ti on a i r

.

U n li k e i n t er n a l c o m bus ti on d e v i ce s li k e e n g i n e s a nd t u r b i n e s, f l are s c o m bus t f

u e l i n t h e op e n a i r

,

a nd c o m bus ti on p r odu c t s are no t c on t a i n e d a nd e mitt e d t h r ou g h a s t ac k, a du c t , o r a n e x h a us t

p i p e

. A s a re su lt

, e mi ss i on m ea su re m e n t i s d i ff i c u lt

.

S t ud i e s ca n b e c ondu c t e d on s m a ll f l are s und er a

hood o r i n a w i nd t unn e l w h ere a ll c o m bus ti on

p r odu c t s ca n b e ca p t u re d. A n y re su lt s f o r t h e s e s m a ll f

l are s m us t b e a d

j us t e d w it h s ca li n g fac t o r s

i f t h e y are t o b e a pp li e d t o f u ll

- s i z e f l are s. F o r f

u ll

- s i z e op era ti n g i ndus t r i a l f l are s, w h i c h m a y

h a v e a d i a m e t er o f f ou r fee t o r m o re a nd a

s t ac k h e i g h t o f

200 fee t o r m o re

, a ll c o m bus ti on

p r odu c t s ca nno t b e ca p t u re d a nd m ea su re d. To s t ud y e mi ss i ons fr o m t h e s e f l are s, e mi ss i ons ca n

b e s a m p l e d w it h do w n w i nd t e s t p r ob e s a tt ac h e d t o t h e s t ac k, a t o w er , o r a cra n e . E mi ss i ons ca n

a l so b e s t ud i e d us i n g re m o t e s e ns i n g t ec hno l o g i e s li k e op e n

- p a t h F ou r i er t ra ns f o r m i n frare d

t ec hno l o g y ( F T I R ) o r

d i ffere n ti a l a bso rp ti on li d ar (D I A L )

. I n a pp l y i n g t h e re su lt s o f a n y

p ar ti c u l ar s t ud y t o a

sp ec i f i c f l are o r f l are t yp e

, it i s im po r t a n t t o no t e a n y d i ffere n ce s i n f

l are

d e s i g n a nd c ons t r u c ti on. F o r e x a m p l e , so m e f l are s are s im p l y

op e n p i p e s, w h il e o t h er s, li k e m os t

ref i n er y f l are s, h a v e f

l are ti ps t h a t are e n g i n eere d t o p r o m o t e mi x i n g

. I n a dd iti on, s t ud i e s su gg e s t

t h a t c o m pos iti on a nd B T U c on t e n t o f g a s bu r n e d, g a s f l o w ra t e s, f

l are op era ti n g c ond iti ons, a nd

e nv i r on m e n t a l fac t o r s li k e w i nd sp ee d m a y affec t

, t o v ar y i n g e x t e n t s, t h e eff i c i e n c y o f f l are

c o m bus ti on.

Th e qu e s ti on o f f

l are c o m bus ti on eff

i c i e n c y i s on e o f t h e i ssu e s b e i n g e x p l o re d b y t h e T ec hn i ca l

C o mmitt ee o f t h e B AAQ M D A dv i so r y C oun c il

. O n A p r il 1, 2003, D i s t r i c t s t aff a nd

re p re s e n t a ti v e s fr o m B a y Ar ea ref i n er i e s m a d e p re s e n t a ti ons t o t h e C o mmitt ee on v ar i ous f l are

i ssu e s, i n c l ud i n g c o m bus ti on eff i c i e n c y . Th e C o mmitt ee h a s i nd i ca t e d t h a t it i n t e nds t o e x a mi n e

t h e eff i c i e n c y i ssu e a nd m a y i nv it e e x p er t s t o a pp ear b ef o re it

.7



### Ba y Area F lare s and E x i st ing M oni t oring Equip m en t

Th ere are 25 f

l are s a t t h e f

i v e B a y Ar ea ref

i n er i e s. T w o o f t h e s e f

l are s are no t i n op era ti on. A ll

o f t h e s e f l are s i n s er v i ce h a v e so m e e x i s ti n g m on it o r i n g e qu i p m e n t t o m on it o r on e o r m o re o f t h e

f o ll o w i n g p ara m e t er s : ( 1 ) h y d r o g e n su l f i d e c on t e n t o f t h e f

u e l g a s us e d f

o r t h e p il o t

, ( 2 ) s t a t us o f

t h e p il o t li g h t

, ( 3 ) f

l a m e a pp eara n ce t o i nsu re a s m ok e l e ss op era ti on, ( 4 ) h ea ti n g v a l u e o f t h e

g a s e s, ( 5 ) c o m p li a n ce w it h limit s on t h e a m oun t o f m a t er i a l p r o ce ss e d a t t h e f l are

, ( 6 ) qu a n tit y

o f

f u e l g a s, a nd ( 7 ) t o t a l re du ce d su l f u r c on t e n t . T a b l e 2 on t h e f o ll o w i n g p a g e li s t s f

l are s t h a t

w ou l d b e sub

j ec t t o t h e p r opos e d r u l e

. F o r eac h f l are

, t h e t a b l e li s t s t h e e x i s ti n g m on it o r i n g

e qu i p m e n t a nd t h e rea son o r rea sons t h a t t h e e qu i p m e n t i s i ns t a ll e d.

T a b l e 1 : E x i s t i n g F l a re M o n i t o r i n g

Si t e &

S o urce # Ser v ice P a r a m e t er M o ni to red M o ni to r T y pe Ba s is 1

Che v r on

6006 L SFO L o w L e v el Fla r e N/ A Di s c o nn ecte d

6010 L SFO Hi gh L e v el Fla r e P il o t & p u r g e g a s

, b t u

& HHV Fl o w t r a n s m itte r &

c h a r t P C

6012 S o u t h I s o m a x P il o t g a s

, b t u & HHV R o ta m ete r P C

6013 N or t h I s o m a x P u r g e g a s

, b t u & HHV Fiel d m ete r P C

6015 D & R Fla r e P il o t & p u r g e g a s

, b t u

& HHV Fl o w t r a n s m itte r &

c h a r t P C

, NS P S

6016 F CC Fla r e P il o t & p u r g e g a s

, b t u

& HHV Fl o w t r a n s m itte r &

c h a r t P C

6017 S R U Fla r e P il o t & p u r g e g a s

, b t u

& HHV Fl o w t r a n s m itte r &

c h a r t P C

6019 A l k y Fla r e P il o t & p u r g e g a s

, b t u

& HHV Fl o w t r a n s m itte r &

c h a r t P C

6039 L u b e Fla r e ( R L O P ) P il o t & p u r g e

, b t u &

HHV R o ta m ete r P C

Shell

1471 L O P A ux ilia r y Fla r e Fl o w

, m o lec u la r w t

. Ult r a s o n ic P C

1472 L O P M ai n Fla r e Fl o w

, m o lec u la r w t

. N/ A B li n d e d O ff

1771 FXG Fla r e H 2 S

, f l o w Ve n t u r i P C

, NS P S

1772 H C Fla r e H 2 S

, f l o w O r i f ice P C

, NS P S

4201 Dela y e d C o k i ng Fla r e M o lec u la r w t

., s u l fu r,

b t u / s c f

, fu el f l o w P C

, NS P S

C o n o c o P hillips

297 C

- 1 Fla r e Fl o w Ult r a s o n ic

, a n e m o m ete r P C

, NS P S

398 C

- 602 Fla r e Fl o w Ult r a s o n ic P C

, NS P S

T e s o ro

854 E a s t A i r Fla r e Fl o w

, s u l fu r Ult r a s o n ic P C

, NS P S

944 N or t h C o k e r Fla r e Fl o w

, s u l fu r Ult r a s o n ic P C

, NS P S

945 S o u t h C o k e r Fla r e Fl o w

, s u l fu r Ult r a s o n ic P C

, NS P S

992 E m e r g e n c y Fla r e Fl o w

, s u l fu r Ult r a s o n ic P C

, NS P S

1012 W e s t A i r Fla r e Fl o w

, s u l fu r Ult r a s o n ic P C

, NS P S

1013 A mm o n ia Fla r e Fl o w8

Si t e &

S o urce # Ser v ice P a r a m e t er M o ni to red M o ni to r T y pe Ba s is 1

V a lero

16 A ci d Ga s Fla r e P u r g e f l o w O r i f

ice p late P C

18 S o u t h Fla r e Oil

, f l o w

, h y dro ca rbo n Ve n t u r i m ete r,

a n e m o m ete r E B

19 N or t h Fla r e Oil

, f l o w

, h y dro ca rbo n

, H 2 S Ve n t u r i m ete r,

a n e m o m ete r E B

, NS P S

1 P C

- P e r m it C o n d iti o n

E B

- E n e r g y B ala n ce

NS P S

- Fe d e r al Ne w S o u r ce P e r f or m a n ce Sta n d a rd s f

or f la r e s u s e d a s a c o n t ro l d e v ice

A s sho w n i n t h e t a b l e

, a

v ar i e t y o f t ec hno l o g i e s are us e d t o qu a n ti f y t h e vo l u m e o f g a s e s

c o m bus t e d. E ac h t ec hno l o g y h a s a dv a n t a g e s a nd limit a ti ons. S o m e o f t h e s e h a v e b ee n i d e n ti f i e d

b y E P A i n t h e i r C o m p li a n ce A ssu ra n ce Mon it o r i n g ( C A M ) T ec hn i ca l G u i d a n ce D o c u m e n t a nd

are su mm ar i z e d i n T a b l e 3 on t h e f o ll o w i n g p a g e s.9 T a b l e 2 : C o m p a r i so n o f F l o w Me as u re m e n t D e v i ce s

T y p e o f F lo w

M e t er T y p e o f

M e a s u re m e nt Li qu i d

, G a s , o r

B o th App lica b le P i p e

D ia m e t er App lica b le F lo w R a t e St r aig ht P i p e

R e qu ire m e nts a N e t P re ss u re L o ss A cc u r a c y R e s t ric t io n s

V e ntu r i T ub e Vo l u m e t r ic B o th 5 t o 120 c m

( 2 t o 48 i n

. ) L i m it e d t o ~ 4 : 1 f lo w r a n g e 6 t o 20 D up

2 t o 40 D d o w n 10 t o 20 % o f ∆ P

d e p e ndin g o n β ± 0

. 75 % f lo w r at e w / o

ca l ib r ati o n E l i m inat e s w i r l a nd

pu l s ati o n s

F lo w n o zzle Vo l u m e t r ic B o th 7

. 6 t o 60 c m

( 3 t o 24 i n

. ) L i m it e d t o ~ 4 : 1 f lo w r a n g e 6 t o 20 D up

2 t o 4 D d o w n 30 t o 8

. 5 % o f ∆ P

d e p e ndin g o n β ± 1

. 0 % f lo w r at e w / o

ca l ib r ati o n E l i m inat e s w i r l a nd

pu l s ati o n s

Or i f ic e p l at e Vo l u m e t r ic B o th 1

. 3 t o 180 c m

( 1/2 t o 72 i n

. ) L i m it e d t o ~ 4 : 1 f lo w r a n g e 6 t o 20 D up

2 t o 4 D d o w n S l i g ht l y m o r e t h a n f lo w

n o zzle ± 0

. 6 % f lo w r at e w / o

ca l ib r ati o n E l i m inat e s w i r l a nd

pu l s ati o n s

M a g n e tic V el o cit y L iquid

( n o t p e t r ol e u m ) 0

. 25 t o 250 c m

( 0

. 1 t o 96 i n

. ) 0

. 0008 t o 9

, 500 L / m in

( 0

. 002 t o 2

, 500 g a l / m in ) N o n e No n e ± 1 % f lo w r at e C o ndu cti v e l iquid,

n o t f o r g a s

N ut ati n g di s k Vo l u m e t r ic L iquid 1

. 3 t o 5 c m

( 1/2 t o 2 i n

. ) 7

. 5 t o 600 L / m in

( 2 t o 160 g a l / m in ) N o n e ± 0

. 5 % f lo w r at e Ho u s e h ol d w at e r

m e t e r

, lo w m a x i m u m

f lo w r at e

O s ci ll ati n g pi s t o n Vo l u m e t r ic L iquid 1

. 3 t o 5 c m

( 1/2 t o 2 i n

. ) 2

. 8 t o 600 L / m in

( 0

. 75 t o 160 g a l / m in )

M a x i m u m o f 4

. 3 t o 480

m 3 /h r ( 150 t o 17

, 000 f

t 3 /h r) No n e ± 0

. 5 % f lo w r at e Ho u s e h ol d w at e r

m e t e r

, lo w m a x i m u m

f lo w r at e

B ell o w s g a s Vo l u m e t r ic G a s M a x i m u m o f 4

. 3 t o p 480

m 3 /h r ( 150 t o 17

, 000 ft 3 /h r) N o n e U s e d f o r c o mm e r cia l

a nd d o m e s tic g a s

s e r v ic e

L o b e d i m p elle r Vo l u m e t r ic B o th 3

. 8 t o 60 c m

( 1

- 1/2 t o 24 i n

. ) 30 t o 68

, 000 L / m in

( 8 t o 18

, 000 g a l / m in ) N o n e L o w ± 0

. 2 % f lo w r at e B e s t u s e d at hi g h f lo w

r at e s

S l id e

- v a n e r o ta r y Vo l u m e t r ic L iquid U p t o 40 c m

(U p t o 16 i n

. ) No n e ± 0

. 1 % t o 0

. 2 % f lo w

r at e

R e t r acti n g

- v a n e

r o ta r y Vo l u m e t r ic L iquid U p t o 10 c m

(U p t o 4 i n

. ) No n e ± 0

. 1 % t o 0

. 2 % f lo w

r at e

H el ica l G e a r Vo l u m e t r ic L iquid 3

. 8 t o 25 c m

( 1

- 1/2 t o 10 i n

. ) 19 t o 15000 L / m in

( 5 t o 4

, 000 g a l / m in ) N o n e L o w ± 0

. 1 % t o 0

. 2 % f lo w

r at e H i g h v i s c o u s l iquid s

o n l y

T u r bin e Vo l u m e t r ic B o th 0

. 64 t o 60 c m

( 1/4 t o 24 i n

. ) 190

, 000 L / m in

( 50

, 000 g a l / m in )

65 s c mm ( 230

, 000 s c f

m ) 10 D up

5 D d o w n 34 t o 41 k P a @ 6

. 1 m / s e c.

( 5 t o 6 p s i @ 20 f

t/ s e c )

w at e r f lo w ± 0

. 5 % f lo w r at e S t r ai g ht e nin g v a n e s

.

Do n o t e x c ee d

m a x i m u m f

lo w

Vor t e x S h e ddin g V el o cit y B o th 2

. 5 t o 30 c m

( 1 t o 12 i n

. ) 0

. 30 t o 6

. 1 m / s e c

( 1 t o 30 f t/ s e c )

11 t o 19

, 000 L

/ m in

( 3 t o 5

, 000 g a l / m in ) 10 t o 20 D up

5 D d o w n 34 t o 41 k P a @ 6

. 1 m / s e c

( 5 t o 6 p s i @ 20 f

t/ s e c )

w at e r f lo w ± 1 % f lo w r at e

( l iquid )

± 2 % f lo w r at e ( g a s ) S t r ai g ht e nin g v a n e s

Vor t e x Pr e c e ss i o n V el o cit y G a s 2

. 5 t o 20 c m

( 1 t o 8 i n

. ) 0

. 30 t o 6

. 1 m / s e c

( 1 t o 20 f t/ s e c ) 10 t o 20 D up

5 D d o w n 5 % m o r e t h a n s h e dd e r ± 2 % f lo w r at e S t r ai g ht e nin g v a n e s

F l uidi c o s ci ll ati n g V el o cit y L iquid 2

. 5 t o 10 c m

( 1 t o 4 i n

. ) U p t o 6

. 1 m / s e c

( 20 f t/ s e c ) 6 D up

2 D d o w n 34 t o 41 k P a @ 6

. 1 m / s e c.

5 t o 6 p s i @ 20 f

t/ s w at e r

f lo w ± 1

. 25 t o 2 % f lo w

r at e Ca r e f u ll y d e t e r m in e

m ini m u m f

lo w r at e

T O F u l t r a s o ni c V el o cit y B o th > 0

. 32 c m

> 1/8 i n

. ) Mini m u m 0

. 03 m / s e c

( 0

. 1 f t/ s e c ) 10 t o 30 D up

5 t o 10 D d o w n No n e ± 0

. 5 % t o 10 % f u ll

s ca le N ee d c le a n f l uid10

T y p e o f F lo w

M e t er T y p e o f

M e a s u re m e nt Li qu i d

, G a s , o r

B o th App lica b le P i p e

D ia m e t er App lica b le F lo w R a t e St r aig ht P i p e

R e qu ire m e nts a N e t P re ss u re L o ss A cc u r a c y R e s t ric t io n s

Do pp le r U l t r a s o ni c V el o cit y L iquid > 0

. 32 c m

( > 1/8 i n

. ) Mini m u m 0

. 15 m / s

( 0

. 5 f t/ s e c ) ; 0.38 L

/ m in

( 0

. 1 g a l / m in ) Y e s No n e A s lo w a s 1 % f lo w

r at e F l uid m u s t ha v e

s u ff ici e nt p a r tic le s o r

bubb le s

T h e r m oa n e m o m e t e r V el o cit y

( m a ss ) G a s > 5 c m

( > 2 i n

. ) 8 t o 10 D up

3 D d o w n V e r y lo w ± 2 % f lo w r at e C r itica ll y p o s iti o n e d

p r o b e s

H i g h l y f l uid

c o m p o s iti o n

d e p e nd e nt

C olo r i m e t r ic V el o cit y

( m a ss ) G a s > 5 c m

( > 2 i n

. ) 8 t o 10 D up

3 D d o w n L o w ± 4 % f lo w r at e

C o r i ol i s m a ss M a ss f lo w B o th l i m it e d g a s 0

. 16 t o 15 c m

( 1/16 t o 6 i n

. ) D e f initi v e m a x . + m in. f

lo w

r at e No n e H i g h ± 0

. 2 % t o 0

. 4 % f lo w

r at e Pr e ss u r e d r o p ac r o ss

f lo w m e t e r ca nn o t

e x c ee d m a x

. s y s t e m

p r e ss u r e d r o p

R o ta m e t e r V el o cit y B o th 1

. 3 t o 10 c m

( 1/2 t o 4 i n

. ) U p t o 750 L / m in

( 200 g a l / m in f

o r l iquid ) ;

un l i m it e d f

o r g a s No n e L o w ± 1 t o 2 % f u ll s ca le Mu s t b e m o unt e d

v e r tica ll y11



### F lo w M oni t oring T e c hnologie s

Th e f o ll o w i n g d i s c uss i ons o f f l o w m on it o r i n g t ec hno l o g i e s are t a k e n fr o m E P A ' s C A M

G u i d a n ce

. D i s c uss i on i s limit e d t o t hos e t ec hno l o g i e s m os t c o mm on i n t h e B a y Ar ea ref i n er i e s.

O r i f i ce Pl a t es a nd V e n t ur i s

Or i f i ce p l a t e s ca n b e us e d t o m ea su re f l u i d f l o w i n p i p e s w it h d i a m e t er s o f a pp r o x im a t e l y 1.3 t o

180 c m ( 0.5 t o 72 i n. )

. Or i f i ce p l a t e s op era t e on B er nou lli ' s p r i n c i p l e

, w h i c h s a y s t h a t p re ssu re

d ecrea s e s w it h i n crea s e d f l o w v e l o c it y

. A n o r i f

i ce p l a t e c ons i s t s o f a

squ are-e d g e d o r

sh arpe d g e d, t h i n op e n i n g i n a m e t a lli c p l a t e p er p e nd i c u l ar t o t h e f

l o w . Th e op e n i n g i s o f a

p re d e t er mi n e d s i z e a nd sh a p e a nd i s m ac h i n e d t o ti g h t t o l era n ce s. Th e f l o w v e l o c it y m us t

i n crea s e t h r ou g h t h e o r i f

i ce . Th e re su lt i s a

h i g h er p re ssu re ups t rea m o f t h e p l a t e a nd a l o w er

p re ssu re do w ns t rea m . Th e p re ssu re d i ffere n ti a l i n crea s e s w it h f l o w v e l o c it y . Th e p re ssu re

rea d i n g s f o r a n o r i f i ce p l a t e are ob t a i n e d fr o m a p a i r o f p re ssu re t a ps, on e on e it h er s i d e o f t h e

p l a t e :

F i g u re 2. O r i f i ce P l a te

Ve n t u r i m e t er s op era t e on t h e s a m e p r i n c i p l e . Th e p re ssu re d i ffere n ti a l f o r a v e n t u r i i s ob t a i n e d

fr o m t w o t a ps : on e a t t h e f u ll p i p e d i a m e t er a nd on e a t t h e t h r o a t o f t h e v e n t u r i

.

H o t W i r e A n e mom e t

e r

Th e ho t w i re a n e m o m e t er (f i g u re 3 ) w o r ks b y m ea su r i n g t h e c u rre n t d raw n t h r ou g h t h e ho t w i re

a s a re su lt o f t h e c oo li n g effec t o f t h e a i r f l o w e x t rac ti n g h ea t fr o m t h e w i re . Th e i ns t r u m e n t

m a i n t a i ns t h e w i re a t a f

i x e d t e m p era t u re so t h a t a s it i s c oo l e d b y t h e a i r f l o w t h e c u rre n t

i n crea s e s t o m a i n t a i n t h e t e m p era t u re o f t h e w i re . Th e c o re o f t h e a n e m o m e t er i s a n e x pos e d ho t

w i re e it h er

h ea t e d up b y a c ons t a n t c u rre n t o r m a i n t a i n e d a t a c ons t a n t t e m p era t u re (f i g u re 4 )

. I n

e it h er ca s e

, t h e h ea t l os t t o f l u i d c onv ec ti on i s a f

un c ti on o f t h e f

l u i d v e l o c it y

.12 F i g u re 3. T y p i c a l H o t- W i re A n e m o m eter

B y m ea su r i n g t h e c h a n g e i n w i re t e m p era t u re und er c ons t a n t c u rre n t o r t h e c u rre n t re qu i re d t o

m a i n t a i n a c ons t a n t w i re t e m p era t u re

, t h e h ea t l os t ca n b e ob t a i n e d. Th e h ea t l os t ca n t h e n b e

c onv er t e d i n t o a f

l u i d v e l o c it y i n acc o r d a n ce w it h c onv ec ti v e t h e o r y

.

F i g u re 4. A n e m o m eter H o t W i re13

U l t r as on i c F lo w M e t e r s

T w o t yp e s o f

u lt ra son i c f

l o w m e t er s are a v a il a b l e : tim e- o f-f li g h t ( T O F ) a nd D opp l er

. D opp l er

m e t er s are su it a b l e on l y f o r li qu i ds a nd are no t d i s c uss e d h ere

. I n T O F u lt ra son i c f l o w m e t er s,

sound w a v e s are i n t r odu ce d i n t o t h e f l o w i n g f l u i d, on e w a v e t ra v e li n g w it h t h e f l o w a nd on e

w a v e t ra v e li n g a g a i ns t t h e f l o w . Th e d i ffere n ce i n t ra ns it tim e o f t h e w a v e s i s p r opo r ti on a l t o t h e

f l u i d f l o w ra t e , b eca us e t h e sound w a v e i s acce l era t e d w h e n t ra v e li n g w it h t h e f l o w a nd s l o w e d

w h e n t ra v e li n g a g a i ns t t h e f l o w

. I f t h e sound w a v e v e l o c it y o f t h e f l u i d ( sp ee d o f

sound ) i s

kno w n, t h e t ra ns it d i s t a n ce i s kno w n, a nd tim e d i ffere n ce i s kno w n, t h e n t h e f l u i d f l o w ra t e ca n

b e d e t er mi n e d. T im e- o f-f li g h t u lt ra son i c f

l o w m e t er s ca n b e c l a ss i f i e d a s on e o f t h e f

o ll o w i n g :

a x i a l t ra ns mi ss i on, m u lti

- b ea m ( t ra nsv er s e o r l on g it ud i n a l ) c on t ra- p r op a g a ti n g

, cr oss b ea m , s i n g

ar ound, a nd ref

l ec t e d b ea m

. F i g u re 5 d e p i c t s a T O F u lt ra son i c f

l o w m e t er

.

F i g u re 5. Ti m e o f f

li g h t u l tr aso n i c f

l o w m eter

U lt ra son i c f

l o w m e t er s are c o m p r i s e d o f t h e f o ll o w i n g b a s i c p ar t s : t h e t ra nsdu cer

, rece i v er

, tim er

,

a nd t e m p era t u re s e nso r

. U lt ra son i c f l o w m e t er s ca n b e us e d t o m ea su re f l u i d f l o w i n p i p e s w it h a

d i a m e t er g rea t er t h a n 0.32 c m ( 0.125 i n. ) w it h a mi n im u m f l o w ra t e o f a pp r o x im a t e l y 0.38 L /mi n

( 0.1 g a l/mi n ) . T im e- o f-f

li g h t u lt ra son i c f

l o w m e t er s are a pp li ca b l e t o li qu i ds a nd g a s e s f l o w i n g a t

v e l o c iti e s g rea t er t h a n 0.03 m/ s ec ( 0.1 f t/ s ec)

.14



### Ga s C o m po s i t ion M oni t oring

Th e t yp e o f c o m pos iti on m on it o r i n g c u rre n tl y i n us e a t a ref i n er y d e p e nds upon t h e a pp li ca b l e

re g u l a t o r y re qu i re m e n t s, a s sho w n i n T a b l e 2. R e g u l a t o r y re qu i re m e n t s are sp ec i f i e d i n t h e

D i s t r i c t im pos e d p er mit c ond iti ons o r i n F e d era l re qu i re m e n t s. Th e m os t c o mm on re qu i re m e n t i s

t h a t a f l are b e m on it o re d f

o r e mi ss i ons o f

su l f u r o x i d e s t o m ee t N e w S ou rce P erf o r m a n ce

S t a nd ar ds f

o r f l are s us e d a s a c on t r o l d e v i ce

. F o r so m e f l are s, t h e D i s t r i c t h a s im pos e d

c ond iti ons on f

l are s f o r pu rpos e s o f c on t r o lli n g odo r s o r t o m ee t o ff s e t re qu i re m e n t s. T yp i ca ll y

t h e s e c ond iti ons p l ace limit s on t h e qu a n tit y a nd c o m pos iti on o f f u e l g a s t h a t ca n b e bu r n e d,

im pos e d e s i g n cr it er i a f

o r ti p v e l o c it y

, a nd sp ec i f y a n a l y ti ca l p r o t o c o l s. S o m e c o m pos iti on

m on it o r i n g m a y

b e don e t o m ee t o t h er

n ee ds o f t h e fac ilit y

. F o r e x a m p l e , so m e fac iliti e s a n a l y z e

f o r c o m pos iti on t o “e n er g y b a l a n ce” t h e c onsu m p ti on o f f u e l g a s w it h i n i nd i v i du a l p r o ce ss un it s.

A ll o f t h e c o m pos iti on m on it o r i n g b e i n g don e a t t h e B a y Ar ea ref i n er i e s a t p re s e n t i s t h r ou g h

s a m p li n g a nd subs e qu e n t l a b a n a l y s i s.

C o m pos iti on ca n a l so b e m on it o re d b y c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s. S e v era l t ec hno l o g i e s are a v a il a b l e :

t h e f l a m e i on i z a ti on d e t ec t o r ( F I D)

, t h e non

- d i sp er s i v e i n frare d (ND I R ) sp ec t r opho t o m e t er

, a nd

g a s c h r o m a t o g ra ph y (G C )

.

A f l a m e i on i z a ti on d e t ec t o r ( F I D) bu r ns s a m p l e d g a s i n a h y d r o g e n f

l a m e

. Or g a n i c c o m pounds

p r odu ce pos iti v e i ons, w h i c h are c o ll ec t e d a t a n e l ec t r od e a bov e t h e f l a m e . Th e g e n era t e d c u rre n t

i s t h e n m ea su re d. Th e F I D i s us ef u l f o r m ea su r i n g c on ce n t ra ti ons o f o r g a n i c c o m pounds a nd i s

v er y s e ns iti v e a nd acc u ra t e ov er m a n y o r d er s o f m a g n it ud e

. B eca us e t h e F I D re sponds t o a n y

m o l ec u l e w it h a car

bon

- h y d r o g e n bond, bu t no t a t a ll , o r poo r l y t o o t h er c o m pounds, it i s no t

us ef u l f o r m ea su r i n g c on ce n t ra ti ons o f h y d r o g e n su l f

i d e o r su l f u r d i o x i d e

.

A non

- d i sp er s i v e i n frare d (ND I R ) sp ec t r opho t o m e t er m ea su re s t h e a m oun t o f i n frare d ra d i a ti on

t h a t i s a bso r

b e d b y a s a m p l e

. I n frare d ra d i a ti on fr o m a ho t w i re i s d i rec t e d t h r ou g h t w o p ara ll e l

ce ll s : a refere n ce ce ll f

ill e d w it h n it r o g e n, a nd a ce ll t h r ou g h w h i c h t h e s a m p l e f l o w s. Th e g a s i n

t h e s a m p l e ce ll a bso r

bs a n a m oun t o f e n er g y

p r opo r ti on a l t o it s c on ce n t ra ti on. Th i s i s c onv er t e d

i n t o a n e l ec t r i ca l ou t pu t b y t h e d e t ec t o r . Th e ND I R i s c o mm on l y us e d t o m ea su re car

bon

m ono x i d e

, car

bon d i o x i d e

, m e t h a n e

, a nd t o t a l h y d r o car bon c on ce n t ra ti ons.

A g a s c h r o m a t o g ra ph, o r GC

, c ons i s t s o f a c o l u m n, ov e n, a nd d e t ec t o r . Th e c o l u m n s e p ara t e s t h e

g a s s a m p l e i n t o it s v ar i ous c o m pon e n t s. G C c o l u m ns are a v a il a b l e i n d i ffere n t s i z e s, a nd

p ac k i n g f o r t h e c o l u m ns d e p e nds upon t h e c o m pos iti on o f t h e g a s s t rea m t o b e a n a l y z e d. Th e

ov e n p r ov i d e s a c on t r o ll e d t e m p era t u re e n c l osu re f o r t h e c o l u m n. Th e d e t ec t o r h a s t o b e c hos e n

b a s e d on t h e t yp e o f g a s e s b e i n g a n a l y z e d. A t h er m a l c ondu c ti v it y d e t ec t o r o r a F I D ca n b e us e d

a s t h e d e t ec t o r

on a g a s c h r o m a t o g ra ph.

I n t h e g a s c h r o m a t o g ra ph, a s a m p l e g o e s t o t h e c o l u m n, s e p ara t e s i n t o i nd i v i du a l c o m pounds a nd

p r o cee ds t h r ou g h t h e h y d r o g e n f l a m e i on i z a ti on d e t ec t o r

, g e n era ti n g a re spons e ca ll e d a

c h r o m a t o g ra m . Th e v ar i ous c h e mi ca l c o m pon e n t s c on t a i n e d w it h i n t h e s a m p l e t ra v e l t h r ou g h

t h e c o l u m n a t d i ffere n t sp ee ds, d e p e nd i n g on t h e i r re sp ec ti v e so l ub ilit y i n o r a dso rp ti on on t h e

p ac k i n g m a t er i a l ( li qu i d o r so li d ) . Th e h e i g h t o f t h e p ea k on t h e c h r o m a t o g ra m i s re l a t e d t o t h e15

c on ce n t ra ti on a nd t h e tim e it t a k e s t o g o t h r ou g h t h e c o l u m n, w h i c h h e l ps i d e n ti f y t h e

c o m pon e n t

.



### H i st or y o f M oni t oring

I n 1984, Citi z e ns f

o r a B e tt er

Env i r on m e n t ( C B E ) p e titi on e d t h e C a li f o r n i a A i r R e sou rce s B o ar d

( C A R B ) t o e v a l u a t e t h e fea s i b ilit y o f c on ti nuous e mi ss i on m on it o r s f o r ref i n er y f l are s. C A R B

d e t er mi n e d t h a t no ref

i n er y i n C a li f

o r n i a acc u ra t e l y m on it o re d f l o w ra t e s t o it s f

l are s. S e v era l

t yp e s o f f l o w m e t er s h a d b ee n i ns t a ll e d on ref i n er y f l are s, bu t t h e i ns t r u m e n t a ti on c ou l d on l y

p r ov i d e re l a ti v e f

l o w i n f o r m a ti on b eca us e g a s d e ns it y v ar i e s a nd g a s c o m pos iti on d a t a i s

n ece ss ar y t o ca l c u l a t e f

l o w acc u ra t e l y

. C A R B c on c l ud e d t h a t c on ti nuous m on it o r i n g o f f l o w

r a t e s a nd c o m pos iti on a nd re m o t e m on it o r i n g o f f l are p l u m e s w ou l d re qu i re subs t a n ti a l

d e v e l op m e n t b ef

o re it w ou l d b e a v a il a b l e

. C A R B d e t er mi n e d t h a t m on it o r i n g d e v i ce s w ere

a v a il a b l e f

o r limit e d a pp li ca ti ons t o i d e n ti f y a nd rec o r d c on ti nuous l y t h e on / o ff s t a t us o f f

l are s.

C A R B a l so e n c ou ra g e d l o ca l a i r po ll u ti on c on t r o l d i s t r i c t s t o a dop t r u l e s re qu i r i n g ref i n er i e s t o

i ns t a ll on / o ff

s t a t us m on it o r s a nd c o ll ec t f l are g a s c o m pos iti on d a t a so t h a t a su gg e s t e d c on t r o l

m ea su re f o r t h e c on t r o l o f e mi ss i ons fr o m ref i n er y f l are s c ou l d b e d e v e l op e d.

I n re spons e t o t h e C A R B f i nd i n g s, t h e D i s t r i c t c ondu c t e d a f l are m on it o r i n g s t ud y i n 1988 a nd

1989 us i n g t h e t oo l s t h a t w ere t h e n a v a il a b l e ( B AAQ M D 1990 )

. I ns t a n t a n e ous f l o w i n f o r m a ti on

w a s ob t a i n e d us i n g p it o t t ub e s. C o m pos iti on w a s a n a l y z e d b y t a k i n g g ra b s a m p l e s a t t h e s a m e

tim e t h a t t h e f

l o w m ea su re m e n t w a s m a d e

. A ll o f t h e d a t a s im p l y g a v e t h e D i s t r i c t a s er i e s o f

" sn a psho t " d a t a

. C on c l us i ons h a d t o b e e x t ra po l a t e d fr o m t h i s limit e d d a t a b y a ssu mi n g t h a t it

w a s re p re s e n t a ti v e o f ref

i n er y op era ti ons, bu t t h ere w a s no w a y t o d e t er mi n e w h e t h er t h i s w a s a

v a li d a ssu m p ti on. N e v er t h e l e ss, it re m a i n e d t h e on l y f l are f l o w a nd c o m pos iti on d a t a s e t

a v a il a b l e f

o r B a y Ar ea ref

i n er i e s. Th e d a t a c o ll ec t e d w a s us e d a s a b a s i s f o r a d j us tm e n t s t o t h e

e mi ss i on i nv e n t o r y

us e d f o r t h e B a y Ar ea

2001 O z on e A tt a i n m e n t P l a n.

B y t h e 1990 ' s, u lt ra son i c f l o w m e t er s w ere c o mi n g t o b e re g ar d e d a s a re li a b l e w a y t o m ea su re

f l are f l o w s. R ec o g n i z i n g t h a t t h e u lt ra son i c m e t er s p r ov i d e d a re li a b l e m ea ns o f m on it o r i n g f l are

g a s, t h e S ou t h C o a s t A i r Q u a lit y M a n a g e m e n t D i s t r i c t a dop t e d it s R u l e 1118 re qu i r i n g ref i n er y

f l are m on it o r i n g . Th e r u l e w a s a dop t e d i n 1998, bu t t h ere w ere nu m er ous d e l a y s, a nd m on it o r s

w ere f i n a ll y i ns t a ll e d a nd op era ti on a l b y l a t e 2000.16



### C ali f ornia Air D i st ri ct R egula t ion s

Th e f o ll o w i n g t a b l e su mm ar i z e s e x i s ti n g f l are re g u l a ti ons w it h i n C a li f o r n i a

.

T a b l e 3 : C a li f

o r n i a F l a re M o n i t o r i n g R u l e s

R e g u l a ti o n C o n t r o l/ P er f o r m a n ce

R e qu i re m e n t s M o n it o r i n g

R e qu i re m e n t s M i n i m i z a ti o n

P l a n E m i ss i o n Li m it a ti o n s

S C A Q M D

R u l e 1118 N on e G as f l o w

, h ea ti n g

v a l u e a nd s u l f

u r

c on t e n t N o N o

S J V A P CD

R u l e 4311 O p e n A ir F l a r es

< 5p s i g m u s t m ee t 40

C F R sec ti on 60

. 18 F o r f l a r es u se d du ri n g

a n e m e r g e n c y

, r ec o r d

o f t h e du r a ti on o f f

l a r e

op e r a ti on

, a m oun t o f

g as bu r n e d

, a nd t h e

n a t u r e o f t h e

e m e r g e n c y s it u a ti on

. N o G r ound l e v e l e n c l o se d f l a r es on l y

S B A P CD

R u l e 359 H ea ti n g v a l u e

, e x it

v e l o c it y

, a u t o m a ti c

i g n iti on s y s t e m P r ese n ce o f a f l a m e Y es S u l f u r c o m pound s m a y no t e x cee d

15 g r a i n s p e r 100 c ub i c f

ee t ( 239

pp m v ) i n t h e S ou t h e r n Z on e o f

S a n t a B a r b a r a C oun t y o r 50 g r a i n s

p e r 100 c ub i c f

ee t ( 796 pp m v ) i n t h e

N o rt h e r n Z on e o f

S a n t a B a r b a r a

C oun t y ; s m o k e l ess

I n 1994, t h e S a n t a B ar

b ara A i r P o ll u ti on C on t r o l D i s t r i c t ( S B A PC D) a dop t e d R u l e 359, F l are s

a nd Th er m a l O x i d i z er s. Th i s r u l e a pp li e s t o f l are s a nd t h er m a l o x i d i z er s us e d i n o il a nd g a s

p r odu c ti on, p e t r o l e u m ref i n er i e s a nd re l a t e d sou rce s, n a t u ra l g a s supp l y a nd t ra nspo r t a ti on

sou rce s, a nd i n d i s t r i bu ti on p e t r o l e u m/ p e t r o l e u m p r odu c t s. R u l e 359 sp ec i f i e s su l f u r c on t e n t

limit s f o r f l are g a s, t ec hno l o g y

- b a s e d s t a nd ar ds f o r f l are s a nd t h er m a l o x i d i z er s, e mi ss i on limit s

f o r n it r o g e n o x i d e s a nd reac ti v e o r g a n i c c o m pounds, a nd op era ti on a l limit s. Th e r u l e a l so

re qu i re s p l a ns t o mi n imi z e us e o f f l are s.

I n 1998, t h e S ou t h C o a s t A i r Q u a lit y M a n a g e m e n t D i s t r i c t a dop t e d R u l e 1118 ( E mi ss i ons fr o m

R ef i n er y F l are s )

, w h i c h re qu i re s ref i n er y f l are m on it o r i n g . Mon it o r s w ere i ns t a ll e d a nd

op era ti on a l b y l a t e 2000.

I n 2002, t h e S a n J o a qu i n V a ll e y U n i f i e d A i r P o ll u ti on C on t r o l D i s t r i c t ( S J VUA PC D) a dop t e d

R u l e 4311, F l are s. Th i s r u l e re qu i re s a ll op e n a i r f l are s t o c o m p l y w it h fe d era l limit a ti ons on

su l f u r i n f u e l g a s. Th e fe d era l re qu i re m e n t ( 40 C F R s ec ti on 60.18 ) i s f ound i n N e w S ou rce

P erf o r m a n ce S t a nd ar ds a nd, i n t h e a bs e n ce o f t h e S J VUA PC D r u l e

, w ou l d a pp l y on l y t o n e w

f l are s. Th e r u l e do e s no t im pos e e x t e ns i v e m on it o r i n g re qu i re m e n t s li k e t hos e i n t h e p r opos e d

D i s t r i c t r u l e o r i n SC AQ M D R u l e 1118.17 

## P R O P O SE D RU L E

P r opos e d R e g u l a ti on 12, R u l e 11 w ou l d re qu i re ref i n er s t o :

• C on ti nuous l y m on it o r v e n t g a s f

l o w f o r eac h f l are ;

• Mon it o r

v e n t g a s c o m pos iti on e it h er b y ( 1 ) t a k i n g s a m p l e s m a nu a ll y o r w it h a n a u t o

s a m p l er , o r

b y ( 2 ) us i n g c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s ;

• S ub mit m on t h l y re po r t s t h a t i n c l ud e v e n t g a s f l o w a nd c o m pos iti on, p il o t a nd pu r g e g a s

f l o w

, e s tim a t e s o f

h y d r o car bon a nd su l f

u r e mi ss i ons, d e s cr i p ti ons o f a ll f l ar i n g o f m o re

t h a n 1 milli on s t a nd ar d c ub i c fee t o f v e n t g a s ( du ra ti on, tim e

, ca us e

, m ea su re s t o re du ce

o r e limi n a t e)

, a nd m on it o r do w n tim e ;

• Mon it o r f

l are op era ti on b y

v i d e o ca m era a nd rec o r d a nd re t a i n rec o r d i n g s o f f l are im a g e s.

Th e s e re qu i re m e n t s w ou l d b e im pos e d i n s t e ps t h a t are b a s e d upon t h e D i s t r i c t ' s d e t er mi n a ti on

a bou t t h e l e n g t h o f tim e re qu i re d t o i ns t a ll t h e n ece ss ar y e qu i p m e n t:

• E ffec ti v e i n 90 d a y s, eac h ref i n er y w ou l d b e re qu i re d t o b e g i n d a il y s a m p li n g f

o r

c o m pos iti on w h e n t h ere i s f l ar i n g ac ti v it y

. ( S o m e ref i n er s a l rea d y

h a v e t h i s ca p a b ilit y

a nd are re po r ti n g t h i s d a t a t o t h e D i s t r i c t pu r su a n t t o a n a g ree m e n t e n t ere d i n t o pu r su a n t

t o t h e f l are f u r t h er s t ud y eff o r t d e s cr i b e d i n t h e i n t r odu c ti on ; o t h er s w ill h a v e t o i ns t a ll

n ece ss ar y s a m p li n g po r t s. )

• E ffec ti v e i n 180 d a y s, eac h ref i n er y w ill h a v e t o h a v e c on ti nuous f l o w m on it o r s i n p l ace

. Th i s effec ti v e d a t a i s b a s e d upon t h e e x p ec t a ti on t h a t t h e m a nu fac t u rer o f u lt ra son i c f

l o w

m on it o r s w ill b e a b l e t o supp l y

, a nd t h e ref i n er s w ill b e a b l e t o i ns t a ll

, t h e s e m on it o r s

w it h i n t h i s tim e

.

• E ffec ti v e i n 270 d a y s, eac h ref i n er y w ill b e re qu i re d t o h a v e i n p l ace t h e e qu i p m e n t

n ece ss ar y t o m on it o r c o m pos iti on a t m o re fre qu e n t i n t er v a l s o r c on ti nuous l y

. I f s a m p li n g

i s c hos e n, t h e ref

i n er i e s w ill h a v e t o d e t er mi n e ho w t o t a k e m o re fre qu e n t s a m p l e s, e it h er

t h r ou g h i ns t a ll a ti on o f a u t o

- s a m p l er s o r a dd iti on a l s t aff i n g

, a nd ho w t o p r o ce ss t h e s e

s a m p l e s, e it h er i n t h e i r

o w n l a bs o r t h r ou g h ou t s i d e l a bs. I f c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s are

c hos e n, t h e ref

i n er i e s w ill h a v e t o d e s i g n a nd i ns t a ll s a m p l e c ond iti on i n g s y s t e m s a nd

a n a l y z er s, o r arra n g e t o h a v e t h i s w o r k don e b y ou t s i d e v e ndo r s.

Th e f o ll o w i n g s ec ti ons o f t h e s t aff re po r t d i s c uss t h e p r ov i s i ons o f t h e p r opos e d r u l e i n t h e o r d er

i n w h i c h t h e y a pp ear i n t h e r u l e

. I n t h i s d i s c uss i on, t h e r u l e p re p are d a nd m a d e a v a il a b l e w it h t h e

pub li c no ti ce f

o r t h e M a y

21s t h ear i n g i s ca ll e d t h e “ p r opos e d r u l e

. ” Th i s i s i n k ee p i n g w it h

s t a nd ar d t er mi no l o g y

us e d b y A R B

, a i r

d i s t r i c t s, a nd t h e H ea lt h a nd S afe t y C od e ( §§40725,

40726 ) . Th e re v i s e d v er s i on o f t h e r u l e no w p r opos e d f o r a dop ti on i s ca ll e d t h e “re v i s e d r u l e

. ”

E ar li er d raf t s o f t h e r u l e are ca ll e d “ear li er d raf t s. ”18



### E x e m p t ion s

Th e e x e m p ti ons are i n t e nd e d t o m a k e it c l ear t h a t t h e r u l e a pp li e s t o f l are s a nd no t o t h er t yp e s o f

a b a t e m e n t d e v i ce s us e d t o c on t r o l s m a ll sou rce s a nd op era ti ons su c h a s s t o ra g e t a nks o r l o a d i n g

rac ks. Th e s e sou rce s are sub j ec t t o o t h er B AAQ M D r u l e s a nd p er mit c ond iti ons. I n p ar ti c u l ar

,

t h e e x e m p ti ons m a k e it c l ear t h a t t h e r u l e i s no t i n t e nd e d t o a pp l y t o t h er m a l o x i d i z er s, w h i c h

d i ffer fr o m f

l are s i n nu m er ous re sp ec t s bu t m os t im po r t a n tl y i n h a v i n g e mi ss i ons t h a t ca n b e

d i rec tl y m ea su re d a nd v er i f i e d b y sou rce t e s t s. F o r a

d i s c uss i on o f t h i s i ssu e , s ee t h e d i s c uss i on

o f t h e d ef i n iti on s ec ti on o f t h e r u l e b e l o w

.

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 110

E xe mp t i on , O rga n i

c L i qu i d S t or a g e a nd D i

s t r i bu t i on

Th i s e x e m p ti on w ou l d e x e m p t f l are s o r t h er m a l o x i d i z er s c on t r o lli n g e mi ss i ons e x c l us i v e l y fr o m

s t o ra g e t a nks o r l o a d i n g rac ks. Th e e x e m p ti on w ou l d a pp l y t o s i x sou rce s i n t h e D i s t r i c t . Th e

f i r s t i s a b ac kup s afe t y f

l are t h a t s er v e s a

v a po r rec ov er y

s y s t e m f o r a p r op a n e t a nk a t t h e T e so r o

ref i n er y . Th i s f

l are i s d e s i g n e d t o c on t r o l e mi ss i ons fr o m t h e p r op a n e t a nk i f t h e t a nk ’ s v a po r

rec ov er y s y s t e m fa il s o r i s t a k e n ou t o f s er v i ce f o r m a i n t e n a n ce . Th e s ec ond i s a l so a b ac kup

s afe t y f l are t h a t s er v e s a

v a po r rec ov er y

s y s t e m f o r a bu t a n e t a nk a t t h e V a l er o ref i n er y . Th i s

f l are s er v e s t h e s a m e pu rpos e a s t h e f l are a t T e so r o. Th e o t h er f ou r sou rce s are l o ca t e d a t t h e

S h e ll ref i n er y . Th ree o f t h e f

l are s are b ac kup s afe t y f

l are s f o r t h ree v a po r rec ov er y

s y s t e m s t h a t

s er v e f i x e d r oo f s t o ra g e t a nks. Th e o t h er S h e ll f l are s er v e s a li qu ef

i e d p e t r o l e u m g a s ( L P G)

r a il car l o a d i n g op era ti on a t t h e S h e ll ref i n er y

. R a il car s are un l o a d e d us i n g n a t u ra l g a s t o push t h e

L P G ( p r op a n e a nd bu t a n e) ou t o f t h e ra il car

. W h e n ra il car s arr i v e a t t h e ref i n er y f o r l o a d i n g

,

p r op a n e a nd bu t a n e d i sp l ace t h e n a t u ra l g a s t o t h e f l are

. S o t h i s f

l are c o m bus t s n a t u ra l g a s a nd

s m a ll a m oun t s o f L P G t h a t v a po r i z e s du r i n g t h e l o a d i n g

. F o r 2002, S h e ll l o a d e d 971 t a nk car s.

To t a l a nnu a l non

- m e t h a n e h y d r o car bon e mi ss i ons fr o m t h e f

l are w ere a pp r o x im a t e l y

1000

pounds. A ll o f t h e f

l are s e x e m p t e d b y t h i s p r ov i s i on, w it h t h e e x ce p ti on o f S h e ll ’ s ra il car

l o a d i n g f l are

, are b ac kup s afe t y f

l are s a nd are no t p r im ar y c on t r o l d e v i ce s. A t 3 pounds p er d a y

,

e mi ss i ons fr o m S h e ll ’ s ra il car l o a d i n g f l are are no t s i g n i f

i ca n t

.

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 111 E

xe mp t i on

, M a r i n e V esse l Lo a d

i ng T e rm i n a l s

M ar i n e v e ss e l l o a d i n g t er mi n a l s are l o ca t e d a t a ll f i v e B a y Ar ea

p e t r o l e u m ref

i n er i e s. A ll

t er mi n a l s are sub

j ec t t o R e g u l a ti on 8, R u l e 44, w h i c h re qu i re s t h a t e mi ss i ons fr o m t h e l o a d i n g o f

sp ec i f i e d car g os b y re du ce d b y

95 % o r t o 2 pounds p er t hous a nd b arre l s o f car g o l o a d e d.

Th er m a l o x i d i z er s are us e d a t t h e C h e v r on, C ono c o P h illi ps, a nd S h e ll ref i n er i e s t o m ee t t h e

r u l e’ s c on t r o l re qu i re m e n t s. N o t er mi n a l us e s a f l are f o r c on t r o l . Th e t h er m a l o x i d i z er s a t t h e

t h ree m ar i n e t er mi n a l s h a v e h i g h eff i c i e n c i e s t h a t are m a nd a t e d b y t h e r u l e a nd b y p er mit

c ond iti ons a nd ca n b e d i rec tl y v er i f i e d b y sou rce t e s t s. B eca us e t h e s e d e v i ce s are , b y d ef i n iti on,

t h er m a l o x i d i z er s, t h e y are no t sub j ec t t o t h e r u l e . Th i s e x e m p ti on i s t h eref o re i n c l ud e d m ere l y

t o c l ar i f y t h a t t h i s i s t h e ca s e

.

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 112

E xe mp t i on

, W as t e w a t e r Tr ea t m e n t S ys t e m s

Th e V a l er o a nd T e so r o ref i n er i e s eac h us e a t h er m a l o x i d i z er t o c on t r o l c o m pon e n t s o f t h e

ref i n er y w a s t e w a t er t rea tm e n t s y s t e m

. A s d i s c uss e d a bov e , p r op er l y op era t e d t h er m a l o x i d i z er s19

h a v e h i g h c on t r o l eff

i c i e n c i e s t h a t ca n b e v er i f i e d b y sou rce t e s t s. L i k e a ll t h er m a l o x i d i z er s,

t h e s e t h er m a l o x i d i z er s are , b y d ef i n iti on, no t sub

j ec t t o t h e r u l e

, a nd t h e e x e m p ti on i s i n c l ud e d

t o m a k e t h i s c l ear

.

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 113

E xe mp t i on , P ump s

P u m ps are sub

j ec t t o t h e D i s t r i c t ' s e qu i p m e n t l ea k r u l e

, R e g u l a ti on 8, R u l e 18. Th e r u l e im pos e s

t h e m os t s t r i n g e n t e qu i p m e n t l ea k limit s i n C a li f o r n i a

, a nd on e w a y

o f c o m p l y i n g i s b y i ns t a lli n g

c on t a i n m e n t ar ound a

pu m p s ea l a nd d i rec ti n g e mi ss i ons t o a n a b a t e m e n t d e v i ce

. B o t h t h e

C h e v r on a nd T e so r o ref

i n er i e s us e t h er m a l o x i d i z er s t o c on t r o l e mi ss i ons fr o m so m e pu m p s ea l s.

Th e s e t h er m a l o x i d i z er s are , b y d ef i n iti on, e x e m p t fr o m t h e r u l e

, a nd t h e e x e m p ti on i s i n t e nd e d

t o m a k e t h i s c l ear

. I f f

u g iti v e e mi ss i ons fr o m pu m ps are d i rec t e d t o t h e ref i n er y ' s g e n era l

b l o w do w n a nd re li ef

s y s t e m

, a dd iti on a l l a n g u a g e m a k e s it c l ear t h a t t h e e x e m p ti on w ou l d no t

a pp l y t o e x e m p t a f

l are t h a t mi g h t c o m bus t t h e s e e mi ss i ons.

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 114 L i

m i t e d E xe mp t i on

, To t a l H y dro ca rbon a nd M

e t h a n e

C ompo s i t

i on M on i t or i ng a nd R e

port i ng

Th i s s ec ti on do e s no t a pp ear i n t h e p r opos e d r u l e . E ar li er d raf t s o f t h e r u l e i n c l ud e d a

b r o a d er

e x e m p ti on fr o m h y d r o car bon re po r ti n g f

o r f l are s t h a t e x c l us i v e l y

s er v e su l f

u r p l a n t s a nd

a mm on i a p l a n t s o r e x c l us i v e l y

bu r n f l e x i c ok er g a s. Th i s b r o a d e x e m p ti on w a s d r opp e d fr o m t h e

p r opos e d r u l e

.

S t aff are no w rec o mm e nd i n g a m o re limit e d e x e m p ti on f o r f l are s t h a t e x c l us i v e l y

bu r n f l e x i c ok er

g a s w it h o r w it hou t supp l e m e n t a l n a t u ra l g a s. C ok i n g i s a f i n a l ref i n i n g s t a g e t h a t s e p ara t e s li g h t

p r odu c t s fr o m t h e h ea v y c ok e b yp r odu c t s o f ref i n i n g . Th e p r o ce ss c onv er t s fee d w it h a v er y h i g h

car bon / h y d r o g e n ra ti o i n t o d i s till a t e p r odu c t s. F l e x i c ok i n g i s a c on ti nuous c ok i n g p r o ce ss t h a t

mi n imi z e s c ok e p r odu c ti on a nd m a x imi z e s t h e p r odu c ti on o f us ef u l p r odu c t s. I t us e s a g a s i f i er i n

w h i c h s t ea m a nd a i r are c o m b i n e d w it h t h e c ok e t o p r odu ce g a s. Af t er h y d r o g e n su l f

i d e i s

re m ov e d fr o m t h e g a s, it i s us e d a s a f u e l w it h i n t h e ref

i n er y . Th e p r o ce ss l ea v e s v er y littl e c ok e

.

F l e x i c ok er g a s h a s v er y c ons i s t e n t c o m pos iti on. G a s fr o m t h e f l e x i c ok er a t t h e S h e ll ref

i n er y i s

p r im ar il y n it r o g e n, car

bon m ono x i d e , h y d r o g e n, a nd car bon d i o x i d e

. I t t yp i ca ll y

h a s a m e t h a n e

c on t e n t o f l e ss t h a n 2 %

, a non

- m e t h a n e h y d r o car

bon c on t e n t o f m u c h l e ss t h a n 1 %

, a nd v er y l o w

su l f u r c on t e n t

. A f

l are i s us e d t o bu r n f

l e x i c ok er g a s t h a t ca nno t b e us e d b y t h e ref i n er y

. U nd er

t h i s e x e m p ti on, S h e ll ' s f

l e x i c ok er f

l are w ou l d b e e x e m p t fr o m h y d r o car bon m on it o r i n g

re qu i re m e n t s p r ov i d e d it m ee t s t h e c ond iti ons i n t h e e x e m p ti on t h a t limit m e t h a n e c on t e n t t o l e ss

t h a n 2 % a nd non

- m e t h a n e h y d r o car bon c on t e n t t o l e ss t h a n 1 % . Mon it o r i n g f o r f l o w a nd su l f

u r

c o m pos iti on w ou l d s till b e re qu i re d.



### D e f ini t ion s

A s w it h a ll D i s t r i c t r u l e s, t h e p r opos e d f l are m on it o r i n g r u l e d ef

i n e s k e y t er m s us e d i n t h e r u l e

. Th ere are t w o t h i n g s t o no t e a bou t t h e d ef i n iti ons. F i r s t

, t h e t er m s " f l are " a nd " t h er m a l o x i d i z er "20

are d ef i n e d ( S ec ti ons 12

- 11

- 201 a nd 209 ) t o m a k e it c l ear t h a t t h e r u l e a pp li e s t o t h e f l are s t h a t

are li s t e d i n t h i s s t aff re po r t a nd no t t o t h er m a l o x i d i z er s a nd o t h er a b a t e m e n t d e v i ce s. Th e

d i s ti n c ti on d raw n b e t w ee n f l are s a nd t h er m a l o x i d i z er s i s t h a t t h e l a tt er t er m d e s cr i b e s a n

e n c l os e d c o m bus ti on d e v i ce t h a t e x h a us t s a ll c o m bus ti on p r odu c t s t h r ou g h a v e n t , du c t , o r

s t ac k

so t h a t e mi ss i ons ca n b e m ea su re d d i rec tl y . Th e i n t e n t o f t h i s r u l e i s t o re qu i re m on it o r i n g o f

op e n -f l a m e d e v i ce s – f

l are s – fr o m w h i c h e mi ss i ons ca nno t b e m ea su re d i n t h e c onv e n ti on a l

m a nn er

. F o r a f

l are

, t h ere i s no s t ac k o r

du c t i n w h i c h p r ob e s ca n b e l o ca t e d a nd e mi ss i ons

m ea su re d. Th e r u l e t h eref o re re qu i re s t h e m on it o r i n g o f g a s e s d i rec t e d t o f l are s. Th e r u l e i s no t

i n t e nd e d t o im pos e t h e s e s a m e re qu i re m e n t s on t h er m a l o x i d i z er s, fr o m w h i c h e mi ss i ons ca n b e

m ea su re d d i rec tl y

, a nd t h e d ef i n iti ons are i n t e nd e d t o d raw t h i s d i s ti n c ti on. Th er m a l o x i d i z er s

t yp i ca ll y h a v e VO C d e s t r u c ti on eff i c i e n c i e s t h a t ra n g e fr o m 98 t o 99.99 % a nd a bov e

.

A s ec ond im po r t a n t a sp ec t o f t h e d ef i n iti ons i s t h a t t h e t er m " v e n t g a s " i s d ef i n e d ( S ec ti on 12

- 11-

210 ) t o i n c l ud e a ll g a s d i rec t e d t o a f l are

, e x c l ud i n g s t ea m o r a i r us e d t o a i d c o m bus ti on a nd

e x c l ud i n g p il o t a nd c on ti nuous pu r g e g a s. Th i s d ef i n iti on i s t h e n us e d i n t h e d ef i n iti on o f

" f l ar i n g " ( S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 203 ) . Th e re su lt i s t h a t " f l ar i n g " i s a n y tim e t h e f

l are h a s a f

l a m e o t h er

t h a n t h e p il o t f

l a m e . Th e t er m i s us e d i n t h e i n t er im s a m p li n g p r ov i s i ons i n S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 502.2

t o e nsu re t h a t s a m p l e s are t a k e n w h il e ac ti v e f l ar i n g i s o cc u rr i n g

.



### Ad m ini st ra t i v e R equire m en ts

Th e A d mi n i s t ra ti v e R e qu i re m e n t s s e t f o r t h re po r ti n g re qu i re m e n t s.

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 401 F

l a r e D a t a R e port i ng R e qu i

r e m e n t s

I n t h e p r opos e d r u l e

, t h i s s ec ti on re qu i re s a m on t h l y re po r t t h a t m us t i n c l ud e t h e f o ll o w i n g :

• U pon r u l e a dop ti on, t o t a l f l o w f o r eac h d a y a nd f

o r t h e m on t h. Th e B a y Ar ea ref i n er i e s

c u rre n tl y h a v e v ar i ous m ea ns o f

d e t er mi n i n g f

l o w a nd are re po r ti n g t h i s d a t a t o t h e

D i s t r i c t pu r su a n t t o a n a g ree m e n t d e v e l op e d f o r f l are f u r t h er s t ud y m ea su re F S

- 8. Th e

r u l e w ill re qu i re c on ti nu e d re po r ti n g o f t h i s d a t a

. Af t er t h e f l o w m on it o r s re qu i re d b y

S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 501 are i ns t a ll e d, t h e re po r t w ou l d a l so h a v e t o i n c l ud e f l o w f o r eac h hou r

o f t h e m on t h ( u lt ra son i c f l o w m on it o r s are ca p a b l e o f p r ov i d i n g m u c h g rea t er f l o w d e t a il

t h a n t h e m ea ns c u rre n tl y e m p l o y e d b y m os t o f t h e ref i n er i e s )

.

• M e t h a n e

, t o t a l h y d r o car bon a nd su l f

u r c on t e n t f

o r e v er y v e n t g a s s a m p l e

, a nd i f

c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s are us e d, f o r e v er y hou r o f t h e m on t h.

• I f t h e f

l o w m on it o r m ea su re s m o l ec u l ar w e i g h t (a s u lt ra son i c m on it o r s do )

, t h e a v era g e

m o l ec u l ar w e i g h t o f

v e n t g a s f

o r eac h hou r

o f t h e m on t h.

• T yp e a nd qu a n tit y

o f p il o t g a s a nd pu r g e g a s us e d f o r eac h d a y a nd f

o r t h e m on t h. W h ere

t h e s e f l o w s are c ons t a n t b eca us e o f f l are d e s i g n, t h e p ara m e t er s t h a t d i c t a t e f l o w a nd t h e

re su lt a n t f

l o w are su ff

i c i e n t

.21

• F o r a n y

24

- hou r p er i od du r i n g w h i c h m o re t h a n 1 milli on s t a nd ar d c ub i c fee t o f v e n t g a s

are f l are d, a d e s cr i p ti ons o f t h e f

l ar i n g

, i n c l ud i n g tim e , du ra ti on, ca us e

, t h e sou rce o f t h e

v e n t g a s, a nd a n y m ea su re s t a k e n t o re du ce o r e limi n a t e f l ar i n g

.

• F l are m on it o r i n g do w n tim e

.

• Th e arc h i v e o f

v i d e o im a g e s re qu i re d b y S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 507.

Th e re v i s e d r u l e a dds a re qu i re m e n t f o r ca l c u l a t e d e mi ss i ons t h a t w a s i n c l ud e d i n ear li er d raf t s

bu t d r opp e d fr o m t h e p r opos e d r u l e

. A t t h e re qu e s t o f W SP A a nd t h e U n i ons a t t h e M a y 8 t h

f l are w o r k g r oup m ee ti n g

, t h e re v i s e d r u l e re- i n c o rpo ra t e s a re qu i re m e n t f o r e mi ss i on

ca l c u l a ti ons. Th e U n i ons su gg e s t e d us i n g t h e eff i c i e n c i e s sp ec i f

i e d i n t h e T e x a s r u l e ( 98 % f o r

m os t f l are s, 93 % f

o r l o w- B T U g a s e s )

. W h il e W SP A h a s ar g u e d f o r h i g h er eff

i c i e n c y

, t h e re v i s e d

r u l e i n c l ud e s t h e U n i ons ’ su gg e s ti on.

Th e rea son i n g b e h i nd sp ec i f y i n g a n eff

i c i e n c y f i g u re

, a s ar ti c u l a t e d b y t h e U n i ons a nd W SP A

,

s ee m s t o b e t h a t it i s b e tt er t o p r ov i d e t h e pub li c w it h so m e e s tim a t e o f t o t a l e mi ss i ons, e v e n i f

t h e e s tim a t e e m p l o y s so m e a ssu m p ti ons t h a t are op e n t o d e b a t e

. D i s t r i c t s t aff w a s p er su a d e d b y

t h i s rea son i n g

, a nd so h a s i n c o rpo ra t e d a ssu m e d eff i c i e n c i e s i n t h e p r opos e d r u l e

. H o w e v er

, it i s

im po r t a n t t o no t e t h a t t h e s e eff i c i e n c i e s are s e t f

o r t h e n arr o w pu rpos e o f e mi ss i ons e s tim a t e s t o

b e m a d e i n re po r t s sub mitt e d b y ref i n er i e s pu r su a n t t o t h e r u l e . Th e re v i s e d r u l e do e s no t re s t r i c t

t h e D i s t r i c t o r a n y on e e l s e fr o m us i n g a d i ffere n t eff

i c i e n c y f i g u re i n a n y

o t h er c on t e x t

. I f t h e

D i s t r i c t do e s us e a

d i ffere n t eff

i c i e n c y f i g u re

, it w ill o f c ou r s e e x p l a i n it ’ s rea son i n g f o r do i n g so.

I f m o re re li a b l e i n f

o r m a ti on re g ar d i n g f

l are eff i c i e n c y b ec o m e s a v a il a b l e

, t h e D i s t r i c t w ill

c ons i d er re v i s i n g t h e r u l e t o ref l ec t t h a t i n f

o r m a ti on.

Th e re v i s e d r u l e a l so a dds l a n g u a g e t o t h i s s ec ti on t o re qu i re t h e sub mi ss i on o f a dd iti on a l

c o m pos iti on d a t a t h a t i s no t re qu i re d b y t h e s ec ti on bu t i s a v a il a b l e fr o m s a m p li n g a n a l y z er s o r

c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s.

O n M a y 21, 2003 f

o ll o w i n g t h e i n iti a l h ear i n g on t h e r u l e

, t h e D i s t r i c t c onv e n e d a m ee ti n g o f t h e

f l are w o r k g r oup t o d i s c uss i ssu e s ra i s e d a t t h e h ear i n g . Th e m ee ti n g w a s a tt e nd e d b y

re p re s e n t a ti v e s f

o r W SP A

, t h e i nd i v i du a l ref i n er i e s, ref

i n er y t ra d e un i ons, a nd C B E. I n re spons e

t o c on cer ns ra i s e d b y t h e un i ons a nd C B E, a mi no r c h a n g e t o t h e re v i s e d r u l e i s p r opos e d i n

S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 401.9. Th e re v i s e d r u l e i n c o rpo ra t e d t h e c on ce p t o f sp ec i f y i n g a n eff

i c i e n c y o f

98 % e x ce p t f

o r l o w- B T U f

l e x i c ok er g a s, f

o r w h i c h 93 % w a s t h e d efa u lt v a l u e

. S t aff are no w

p r opos i n g a c h a n g e t h a t re qu i re s t h e us e o f 93 % f o r a n y v e n t g a s w it h a l o w er

h ea ti n g v a l u e l e ss

t h a n 300 B r iti sh Th er m a l U n it s / S t a nd ar d C ub i c F ee t ( B T U / SC F ) . Th i s i s a mi no r c h a n g e

b eca us e d a t a g a t h ere d du r i n g t h e f l are s t ud y sho w s t h a t m os t f

l are g a s, w it h t h e e x ce p ti on o f

f l e x i c ok er g a s, e x cee ds t h i s B T U t h re sho l d.

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 402 F

lo w V e r i f i ca t i on R e port

Th i s s ec ti on re qu i re s a

s e mi -a nnu a l re po r t on a lt er n a ti v e m ea ns o f d e t er mi n i n g f

l o w t o s er v e a s a

c h ec k on t h e d a t a

b e i n g p r ov i d e d b y t h e f

l o w m on it o r s. U lt ra son i c f l o w m on it o r s p r ov i d e t h e22

m os t acc u ra t e a nd re li a b l e m ea ns a v a il a b l e t o d e t er mi n e f l are h ea d er f

l o w

. N o c u rre n tl y

a v a il a b l e a lt er n a ti v e m e t hod ca n p r ov i d e s imil ar p rec i s i on o r acc u rac y

. I f t h e u lt ra son i c m on it o r

h a s b ee n i ns t a ll e d a nd ca li b ra t e d p r op er l y a nd t h e d a t a l o gg er h a s b ee n p r o g ra mm e d p r op er l y

, t h e

d a t a shou l d b e re li a b l e

. I n on e ca s e du r i n g t h e f l are s t ud y rece n tl y c ondu c t e d b y t h e D i s t r i c t

, a

ref i n er y sub mitt e d d a t a fr o m a n u lt ra son i c m on it o r a nd mi s t a k e n l y a ssu m e d t h a t t h e u lt ra son i c

m on it o r ra n g e s e tti n g w a s 10 tim e s t h e ac t u a l s e t ra n g e (f o r e x a m p l e

, a

v a l u e w a s a ssu m e d t o b e

5 milli on w h e n it w a s ac t u a ll y 500,000 ) . Th e re qu i re d s e mi -a nnu a l re po r t w ill p r ov i d e a m ea ns

o f d e t ec ti n g su c h err o r s t h r ou g h a c o m p ar i son o f o t h er d a t a t o t h e re po r t e d d a t a . Th ere are

s e v era l a lt er n a ti v e w a y s o f d e t er mi n i n g f

l o w t h a t ca n b e us e d a s a " rea lit y c h ec k " on t h e m on it o r

. Th e s e a lt er n a ti v e s are li s t e d i n S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 602 ( s ee t h e d i s c uss i on o f t h a t s ec ti on f o r a n

e x p l a n a ti on o f eac h a lt er n a ti v e)

. I f a s e mi -a nnu a l re po r t su gg e s t s t h a t t h ere m a y b e a p r ob l e m

w it h a m on it o r

, t h e D i s t r i c t w ill b e a b l e t o i nv e s ti g a t e f u r t h er t o d e t er mi n e w h e t h er t h e m on it o r

s till m ee t s t h e re qu i re m e n t s o f S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 501 (re qu i r i n g t h e m on it o r t o acc u ra t e l y m ea su re

f l o w ra t e)

.

N o o t h er f

l are m on it o r i n g r u l e i n c l ud e s a f l o w v er i f i ca ti on re qu i re m e n t . Th i s i s t r u e o f bo t h t h e

S ou t h C o a s t AQ M D p e t r o l e u m ref i n er y f l are a nd t h e T e x a s c h e mi ca l p l a n t f l are r u l e . Th i s i s

p r im ar il y b eca us e it i s d i ff

i c u lt t o kno w w h e t h er

d i ffere n ce s b e t w ee n u lt ra son i c f l o w m e t er

m ea su re m e n t s a nd m ea su re m e n t s t h r ou g h a lt er n a t e m ea ns shou l d b e a tt r i bu t e d t o i n acc u rac y i n

t h e m e t er o r i n t h e a lt er n a t e m e t hod. ( F o r m o re i n f o r m a ti on on t h i s i ssu e , s ee t h e d i s c uss i on o f

S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 501. )

F o r t h e s e rea sons, it i s d i ff i c u lt t o sp ec i f

y ho w c l os e t h e m e t er m ea su re m e n t m us t b e t o t h e

e x p ec t e d m ea su re m e n t a s d er i v e d fr o m t h e f l o w v er i f i ca ti on. I n t h e re v i s e d r u l e ( S ec ti on 12

- 11-

501 ) , s t aff i s i n c l ud i n g l a n g u a g e t h a t w ou l d sp ec i f y t h a t t h e d i ffere n ce b e no g rea t er t h a n ± 20 %

.



### M oni t oring and R e c ord s

Th e Mon it o r i n g a nd R ec o r ds re qu i re m e n t s are ce n t ra l t o t h e r u l e a nd im pos e t h e v ar i ous

m on it o r i n g a nd rec o r dk ee p i n g re qu i re m e n t s.

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 501 V

e n t G as F lo w M on i t or i ng

Th i s s ec ti on re qu i re s c on ti nuous m on it o r i n g o f v e n t g a s f

l o w . Th e p r opos e d r u l e sp ec i f i e s t h a t

t h e d e v i ce us e d t o do t h i s m on it o r i n g ( 1 ) m us t b e ca p a b l e o f d e t ec ti n g a mi n im u m f

l o w v e l o c it y

o f 0.1 fee t p er

s ec ond, ( 2 ) m us t c on ti nuous l y m ea su re t h e ra n g e o f f l o w ra t e s c o rre spond i n g t o

f l o w v e l o c iti e s fr o m 0.5 t o 275 fee t p er s ec ond, a nd ( 3 ) m us t b e i ns t a ll e d on t h e f l are h ea d er i n a

l o ca ti on t h a t e nsu re s t h a t t h e d e v i ce m ea su re s a ll f l o w . Th ree a dd iti on a l re qu i re m e n t s are

rec o mm e nd e d b y

s t aff a nd are i n c l ud e d i n t h e re v i s e d r u l e . Th e s e a dd iti on a l re qu i re m e n t s w ou l d

sp ec i f y t h a t t h e d e v i ce ( 1 ) m us t h a v e a m a nu fac t u rer ' s sp ec i f i e d acc u rac y

o f ±5 % ov er t h e ra n g e

fr o m 1 t o 275 fee t p er

s ec ond, ( 2 ) m us t b e m a i n t a i n e d t o b e acc u ra t e t o w it h i n ± 20 % a s

d e m ons t ra t e d b y t h e f

l o w v er i f i ca ti on re po r t sp ec i f

i e d i n S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 402 (effec ti v e 12 m on t hs

af t er i ns t a ll a ti on )

, a nd ( 3 ) m us t b e acce ss i b l e t o t h e A PC O t o v er i f y p r op er i ns t a ll a ti on a nd

op era ti on.23

S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 501.1 re qu i re s t h e us e o f a d e v i ce h a v i n g a limit o f

d e t ec ti on o f

0.1 fee t p er

s ec ond. Th e “ limit o f

d e t ec ti on ” o f a n i ns t r u m e n t i s t h e l o w e s t v a l u e o f a p ara m e t er

b e i n g

m ea su re d t h a t a n i ns t r u m e n t ca n re li a b l y d i s ti n g u i sh fr o m z er o. Th e limit o f d e t ec ti on i n t h e r u l e

c o m e s fr o m u lt ra son i c f

l o w m e t er p r odu c t lit era t u re

, a nd t h e v a l u e i s fr o m l a bo ra t o r y t e s ti n g

. P r odu c t lit era t u re fr o m t w o m a nu fac t u rer s o f u lt ra son i c f

l o w m e t er s ( P a n a m e t r i c s a nd R o x ar)

bo t h sp ec i f

y mi n im u m d e t ec ti b l e v e l o c iti e s i n t h i s ra n g e

.

Th e p r im ar y cr it er i on f

o r a n y d e v i ce i ns t a ll e d pu r su a n t t o t h i s s ec ti on i s t h a t it b e a b l e t o m ea su re

f l o w v e l o c iti e s ov er t h e ra n g e fr o m 0.5 t o 275 fee t p er s ec ond ( S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 501.2 ) . Th i s ra n g e

i s t a k e n fr o m p r odu c t lit era t u re f o r u lt ra son i c f

l o w m e t er s a nd i s t h e g e n era l ra n g e ov er w h i c h t h e

m a nu fac t u rer s c l a im t h e m e t er s t o b e acc u ra t e . Th e re v i s e d r u l e no w i n c l ud e s t h e m a nu fac t u rer’ s

sp ec i f i e d acc u rac y

b a s e d on l a bo ra t o r y t e s ti n g ( S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 501.3 i n t h e re v i s e d r u l e)

.

“ A cc u rac y ” i s us e d i n E P A a nd D i s t r i c t re g u l a ti ons a nd i n m e t r o l o g y

, t h e s c i e n ce o f

m ea su re m e n t

, t o m ea n c l os e n e ss t o t h e t r u t h. A lt hou g h t h e u ltim a t e t r u e v a l u e o f a n y p ara m e t er

b e i n g m ea su re d ca nno t b e kno w n, acc u rac y i s t rea t e d a s t h e d i ffere n ce b e t w ee n a v a l u e m ea su re d

b y a n i ns t r u m e n t a nd a n acce p t e d t r u e v a l u e o r s t a nd ar d. Th e s e acce p t e d v a l u e s o r s t a nd ar ds are

e s t a b li sh e d b y t h e N a ti on a l I ns tit u t e o f S c i e n ce a nd T ec hno l o g y (N I S T ) o r o t h er n a ti on a ll y

rec o g n i z e d m ea su re m e n t s t a nd ar ds bod i e s. N I S T w a s f o r m er l y t h e N a ti on a l B u rea u o f S t a nd ar ds

a nd i s re spons i b l e f

o r d e v e l op i n g

, m a i n t a i n i n g

, a nd re t a i n i n g c us t od y o f U

. S . n a ti on a l s t a nd ar ds

o f m ea su re m e n t

. F o r e x a m p l e

, a car t on o f mil k i s f ill e d b a s e d on a N I S T s t a nd ar d f o r m ea su r i n g

vo l u m e . T im e t h r ou g hou t t h e U

. S

. i s b a s e d on t h e o ff i c i a l N I S T tim e a s m a i n t a i n e d b y N I S T ’ s

a t o mi c c l o c k i n B ou l d er

, C o l o ra do.

F o r f l u i d f l o w

, t h ere are no s t a nd ar d m ea su re m e n t ar ti fac t s li k e t hos e f o r l e n g t h o r

vo l u m e

. I ns t ea d, N I S T h a s e s t a b li sh e d f l o w m ea su re m e n t s t a nd ar ds b a s e d on d e v i ce s t h a t d e li v er a

m ea su re d vo l u m e o f f

l u i d ov er a m ea su re d tim e i n t er v a l

, w it h t h e s e m ea su re m e n t s refere n ce d t o

e s t a b li sh e d N I S T s t a nd ar ds f o r vo l u m e a nd tim e

. N I S T p r ov i d e s ca li b ra ti on s er v i ce s f o r g a s f l o w

m e t er s, t hus a ll o w i n g t e s ti n g l a bo ra t o r i e s t o ca li b ra t e m a s t er f l o w i ns t r u m e n t s t h a t ca n b e us e d t o

v er i f y t h e acc u rac y

o f m e t er s f

o r f i e l d us e

. A cc u rac y f

o r u lt ra son i c f

l o w m e t er s t h eref

o re

g e n era ll y refer s t o t h e c l os e n e ss t o t h e N I S T -e s t a b li sh e d “ t r u t h ” und er l a bo ra t o r y c ond iti ons.

A lt hou g h m a n y l a bo ra t o r i e s ca n t e s t li qu i d f l o w m e t er s, t h ere on l y a few t e s ti n g l a bo ra t o r i e s i n

t h e U n it e d S t a t e s t h a t ca n t e s t u lt ra son i c g a s f l o w m e t er s a g a i ns t s t a nd ar ds t racea b l e t o t h e N I S T

s t a nd ar ds.

Thou g h u lt ra son i c f

l o w m on it o r s ca n b e ca li b ra t e d a t a f l o w l a bo ra t o r y

p r i o r t o i ns t a ll a ti on a nd

ca n b e d e t er mi n e d t o m ea su re kno w n f l o w s acc u ra t e l y , un l e ss t h e ca li b ra ti on fac ilit y ca n

re p li ca t e t h e p i p e s i z e a nd li k e l y c ond iti ons und er w h i c h t h e m e t er w ill op era t e i n a p ar ti c u l ar

f l are h ea d er , on e s im p l y ca n ' t s a y w it h cer t a i n t y w h a t t h e acc u rac y o f f i e l d m ea su re m e n t s w ill b e

. H o w e v er , b eca us e t h e s e m e t er s are e x t re m e l y acc u ra t e und er l a bo ra t o r y c ond iti ons, it i s

rea son a b l e t o a ssu m e t h a t p r op er l y i ns t a ll e d m e t er s are acc u ra t e i n t h e f i e l d. F o r a n y m e t hod

us e d t o c h ec k m e t er acc u rac y i n t h e f i e l d, it i s d i ff

i c u lt t o kno w w h e t h er

d i ffere n ce s b e t w ee n t h e

m e t er m ea su re m e n t a nd t h e m ea su re m e n t d er i v e d us i n g so m e a lt er n a t e m e t hod shou l d b e

a tt r i bu t e d t o i n acc u rac y i n t h e m e t er o r i n t h e a lt er n a t e m e t hod.24

S t aff rec o mm e nd, a nd t h e re v i s e d r u l e i n c l ud e s i n S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 501.6, a n acc u rac y sp ec i f i ca ti on

b a s e d on t h e f

l o w v er i f i ca ti on re qu i re d b y S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 402. Th e re v i s e d r u l e s t a t e s t h a t

effec ti v e 12 m on t hs af

t er i ns t a ll a ti on o f t h e u lt ra son i c m e t er s, t h e f l o w v er i f i ca ti on sh a ll

d e m ons t ra t e a m e t er acc u rac y o f ± 20 % . Th i s w ill a ll o w a y ear o f e x p er i e n ce w it h t h e m e t er s a nd

w it h v ar i ous f

l o w v er i f i ca ti on m e t hods. D i s t r i c t s t aff e x p ec t t h a t t h r ou g h t h i s e x p er i e n ce it w ill

b ec o m e c l ear w h e t h er t h e acc u rac y re qu i re m e n t ca n b e m e t

. D i s t r i c t s t aff i s p r opos i n g t o re po r t

b ac k t o t h e B o ar d 18 m on t hs af t er r u l e a dop ti on. I f it a pp ear s t h a t t h e sp ec i f i ca ti on shou l d b e

c h a n g e d, s t aff ca n rec o mm e nd a pp r op r i a t e c h a n g e s a t t h a t tim e

.

S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 501.4 re qu i re s t h a t t h e m e t er b e i ns t a ll e d a t a l o ca ti on t h a t e nsu re s t h a t t h e d e v i ce

m ea su re s a ll f

l o w

. A n ear l y

d raf t o f t h e r u l e sp ec i f

i e d t h a t t h e m e t er m us t b e i ns t a ll e d a t a

l o ca ti on af

t er t h e kno c kou t po t

, af

t er a ll l o ca ti ons a t w h i c h supp l e m e n t ar y f u e l i s i n t r odu ce d, a nd

af t er t h e w a t er

s ea l . Th i s m o re p re s cr i p ti v e l a n g u a g e w a s d er i v e d fr o m a rece n tl y a dop t e d T e x a s

r u l e t h a t a pp li e s t o f

l are s t h a t c o m bus t cer t a i n h i g h l y -reac ti v e VO C s. ( B eca us e ref i n er y f l are g a s

do e s no t t yp i ca ll y c on t a i n s i g n i f i ca n t a m oun t s o f t h e s e h i g h l y -reac ti v e VO C s, t h e T e x a s r u l e

w ou l d no t a pp l y t o m os t ref i n er y f l are s a nd i s i ns t ea d i n t e nd e d t o a pp l y t o c h e mi ca l p l a n t s. )

D i s t r i c t s t aff

d e t er mi n e d t h a t us i n g t h e p re s cr i p ti v e a pp r o ac h o f t h e T e x a s f l are r u l e i n t h i s

c on t e x t w ou l d h a v e re qu i re d t h e i ns t a ll a ti on o f m e t er s w it h i n t h e ra d i a ti on z on e f o r so m e B a y

Ar ea f l are s. L e ss p re s cr i p ti v e l a n g u a g e i s p r opos e d t o a ll o w d i s cre ti on t o l o ca t e a m e t er w h ere it

w ou l d s till m ea su re a ll s i g n i f i ca n t f l o w s w h il e a vo i d i n g d a m a g e t o t h e m e t er

.

S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 501.5 sp ec i f i e s, effec ti v e 180 d a y s af

t er a dop ti on o f t h e r u l e

, t h a t t h e A PC O i s t o

h a v e acce ss t o t h e f

l o w m on it o r i n g s y s t e m t o v er i f y p r op er i ns t a ll a ti on a nd op era ti on.

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 502

V e n t G as C ompo s i t

i on M on i t or i ng

Th i s s ec ti on re qu i re s c o m pos iti on m on it o r i n g o f v e n t g a s. A t p re s e n t , so m e o f t h e B a y Ar ea

ref i n er i e s are t a k i n g d a il y

s a m p l e s o f

v e n t g a s f

o r l a b a n a l y s i s. W it h i n 90 d a y s af t er r u l e

a dop ti on a nd un til m o re s t r i n g e n t re qu i re m e n t s i n t h e s ec ti on t a k e effec t

, a ll B a y Ar ea ref i n er i e s

are re qu i re d t o t a k e a nd a n a l y z e a g ra b s a m p l e f o r eac h d a y

on w h i c h t h ere i s f

l ar i n g ac ti v it y

( S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 502.2 ) . Th e s e s a m p l e s are re qu i re d t o b e t a k e n w it h i n 30 mi nu t e s af t er f l ar i n g

b e g i ns.

E ffec ti v e n i n e m on t hs af

t er r u l e a dop ti on, m o re s t r i n g e n t c o m pos iti on m on it o r i n g re qu i re m e n t s

t a k e effec t

. R ef

i n er s w ill h a v e t w o p r im ar y op ti ons : ( 1 ) s a m p li n g a nd subs e qu e n t l a b a n a l y s i s, o r

( 2 ) t h e us e o f c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s. Th ere are t h e n a lt er n a ti v e s w it h eac h o f t h e p r im ar y op ti ons.

Th e v ar i ous op ti ons are d i s c uss e d b e l o w

.

S a m p li n g

S a m p li n g i s p r opos e d a s a n op ti on b eca us e t h e t ec hno l o g y i s p r ov e n, i s r obus t

, a nd i s a l rea d y i n

w i d e sp rea d us e

. S a m p li n g ca n b e m o re ec ono mi ca l b eca us e s a m p li n g e qu i p m e n t w ill no t re qu i re

s a m p l e c ond iti on i n g t ra i ns a s c o m p l e x a s t hos e re qu i re d f o r c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s. H o w e v er

,

s a m p l e p r o ce ss i n g i n a l a b ca n b e l a bo r a nd tim e i n t e ns i v e

, a nd, w it h a sho r t s a m p li n g i n t er v a l

,25

ca n b ec o m e a s e x p e ns i v e a s o t h er op ti ons. B o t h m a nu a l s a m p li n g a nd a u t o

- s a m p li n g are p r ov e n

i n p rac ti ce

. A nu m b er

o f ref i n er i e s i n S ou t h er n C a li f

o r n i a are us i n g a u t o

- s a m p l er s t o t a k e v e n t

g a s s a m p l e s a s re qu i re d b y t h e S ou t h C o a s t AQ M D f l are m on it o r i n g r u l e

. W it h m a nu a l

s a m p li n g

, g rea t care m us t b e t a k e n t o e nsu re t h e s afe t y o f ref i n er y w o r k er s i nvo l v e d i n s a m p li n g

. I n so m e ca s e s, t h e a v a il a b l e s a m p li n g l o ca ti ons m a y h a v e po t e n ti a l t o e x pos e w o r k er s t o

d a n g er ous h i g h t e m p era t u re s i f t h e v e n t g a s f l o w ra t e i s h i g h.

Th e p r opos e d r u l e a ll o w s on l y i n t e g ra t e d s a m p li n g

, w h i c h re li e s upon a u t o m a t e d s a m p li n g

e qu i p m e n t

. I n t e g ra t e d s a m p li n g p r odu ce s a c o m pos it e s a m p l e ou t o f i nd i v i du a l a li quo t s t a k e n

ov er tim e

. A n a li quo t i s a frac ti on a l p ar t o f t h e s a m p l e t h a t i s a n e x ac t d i v i so r o f t h e w ho l e

s a m p l e

. F o r e x a m p l e

, t e n a li quo t s o f 100 millilit er s eac h c ou l d c o m pos e a 1 lit er s a m p l e

. B eca us e t h e a li quo t s are t a k e n ov er tim e

, t h e s a m p l e ref l ec t s v ar i a ti on i n c o m pos iti on t h a t m a y

o cc u r ov er tim e

. I n t e g ra t e d s a m p li n g w a s i n c l ud e d a s t h e on l y s a m p li n g op ti on i n t h e p r opos e d

r u l e b eca us e o f it s po t e n ti a l t o ref l ec t c o m pos iti on v ar i a ti on w it h tim e

.

D i s t r i c t s t aff

no w rec o mm e nd t h a t t w o a lt er n a ti v e s a m p li n g op ti ons b e a v a il a b l e : m a nu a l

s a m p li n g a nd i n t e g ra t e d s a m p li n g . Th e re v i s e d r u l e ref l ec t s t h i s rec o mm e nd a ti on. Th e rea son

f o r i n c l ud i n g a m a nu a l s a m p li n g op ti on i s t h a t a nu m b er o f f l are s i n t h e D i s t r i c t are v er y rare l y

us e d : so m e l e ss t h a n on ce i n a y ear a nd o t h er s l e ss t h a n on ce i n s e v era l y ear s. F o r t h e s e f l are s, a

re qu i re m e n t t o us e i n t e g ra t e d s a m p li n g o r c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s w ou l d d i c t a t e t h e i ns t a ll a ti on a nd

m a i n t e n a n ce o f e x p e ns i v e a nd s e ns iti v e e qu i p m e n t t h a t w ou l d rare l y b e us e d. Th i s e qu i p m e n t

w ou l d re qu i re re g u l ar a tt e n ti on t o e nsu re t h a t it re m a i ns i n a s t a t e o f rea d i n e ss. A s a re su lt

, S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 502.3.1 s e t s f o r t h a m a nu a l s a m p li n g op ti on.

Th i s m a nu a l s a m p li n g op ti on i s p r ob a b l y no t p rac ti ca l f

o r f l are s t h a t are us e d w it h so m e

re g u l ar it y . Th e n ee d t o c on ti nu a ll y t a k e s a m p l e s w ou l d b e bu r d e nso m e

, a nd w ou l d li k e l y re su lt

i n mi ss e d s a m p l e s. Th e li k e l y ou t c o m e o f t h e i n c l us i on o f t h i s op ti on i s t h a t it s us e w ill b e

re s t r i c t e d t o t h e s e l o w us a g e f l are s.

O n M a y 21, 2003 f

o ll o w i n g t h e i n iti a l h ear i n g on t h e r u l e

, t h e D i s t r i c t c onv e n e d a m ee ti n g o f t h e

f l are w o r k g r oup t o d i s c uss i ssu e s ra i s e d a t t h e h ear i n g . Th e m ee ti n g w a s a tt e nd e d b y

re p re s e n t a ti v e s f

o r W SP A

, t h e i nd i v i du a l ref i n er i e s, ref

i n er y t ra d e un i ons, a nd C B E. I n re spons e

t o c on cer ns ra i s e d b y W SP A a nd i nd i v i du a l ref i n er i e s, a mi no r c h a n g e t o t h e re v i s e d r u l e i s

p r opos e d i n S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 502.3.1. a . Th e re v i s e d r u l e a ll o w e d up t o on e hou r t o t a k e t h e f i r s t

s a m p l e f o r a f l are s er v i n g a

su l f u r p l a n t . Th e rea son f

o r t h e p r opos a l w a s t h a t t a k i n g a s a m p l e a t

su c h a f l are c ou l d e x pos e w o r k er s t o e x t re m e l y d a n g er ous c on ce n t ra ti ons o f h y d r o g e n su l f

i d e

. S afe t y p r o ce du re s w ou l d re qu i re t h e us e o f e x t e ns i v e s afe t y e qu i p m e n t i n c l ud i n g s e l f-c on t a i n e d

b rea t h i n g g ear

. B eca us e p re p ara ti on f o r t a k i n g su c h a

s a m p l e w ou l d re qu i re a

s i g n i f i ca n t a m oun t

o f tim e

, t h e a ll o w a n ce w a s on e hou r ra t h er t h a n 15 mi nu t e s t o t a k e t h e f i r s t s a m p l e

. A t t h e f

l are

w o r k g r oup m ee ti n g

, t h e ref i n er s po i n t e d ou t t h a t t h e s a m e r i sks a pp li e d a t a mm on i a p l a n t f l are s.

S t aff are no w p r opos i n g a mi no r c h a n g e t h a t w ou l d e x t e nd t h e s a m e a ll o w a n ce t o t h e s e f l are s a nd

a l so g i v e ref

i n er s a n a dd iti on a l op ti on o f sub mitti n g w o r s t -ca s e c o m pos iti on d a t a i n li e u o f

und er t a k i n g s a m p li n g t h a t c ou l d b e e x t re m e l y h a z ar dous und er

so m e c i rc u m s t a n ce s. Th e d a t a

w ou l d h a v e t o b e v er i f

i e d b y t h e A PC O a s p r op er l y re p re s e n ti n g w o r s t -ca s e c o m pos iti on.26

A s no t e d, t h e on l y

s a m p li n g op ti on i n c l ud e d i n t h e p r opos e d r u l e w a s i n t e g ra t e d s a m p li n g

. D i s t r i c t s t aff are rec o mm e nd i n g re t e n ti on o f t h i s op ti on w it h m od i f i ca ti ons t o t h e s a m p li n g

t r i gg er a nd a dd iti on a l l a n g u a g e t o e nsu re t h a t s a m p l e c on t a i n er s are no t l ef t i n s er v i ce f

o r m o re

t h a n a d a y

.

S a m p li n g T r i gg er

S t aff rec o mm e nd a dop ti on o f t h e S ou t h AQ M D t r i gg er f o r s a m p li n g . Th e re v i s e d r u l e s t a t e s t h a t

i f t h e f l o w ra t e i n a n y c ons ec u ti v e 15

- mi nu t e p er i od c on ti nuous l y e x cee ds 330 s t a nd ar d c ub i c

fee t p er mi nu t e , s a m p li n g m us t b e g i n w it h i n 15 mi nu t e s. S a m p li n g m us t c on ti nu e un til f l o w ra t e

i n a n y c ons ec u ti v e 15

- mi nu t e p er i od i s c on ti nuous l y 330 s t a nd ar d c ub i c fee t p er mi nu t e o r l e ss.

Th e p r opos e d r u l e s e t t h e s a m p l e t r i gg er f o r i n t e g ra t e d s a m p li n g a t 6,000 s t a nd ar d c ub i c fee t i n a

15

- mi nu t e p er i od. A n ear li er v er s i on o f t h e r u l e p r opos e d 50,000 s t a nd ar d c ub i c fee t i n on e hou r

a s t h e t r i gg er f

o r s a m p li n g

.

A ll eff o r t s t o s e t t h e s a m p li n g t r i gg er h a v e b ee n b a s e d on s e tti n g t h e t r i gg er a t t h e l o w e s t f l o w

v e l o c it y a t w h i c h ( 1 ) t h e f l o w m e t er i s acc u ra t e a nd ( 2 ) t h e m ea su re d f l o w w ou l d re p re s e n t rea l

f l o w t o t h e f

l are . Th e ear li er

d raf t ’ s p r opos e d t r i gg er

o f 50,000 s t a nd ar d c ub i c fee t i n a n hou r

wa s b a s e d on a f

l o w v e l o c it y

o f 1 f oo t p er s ec ond. I n re spons e t o c o mm e n t s fr o m c o mm un it y

a nd l a bo r g r oups, t h e t r i gg er s i n bo t h t h e p r opos e d r u l e a nd t h e re v i s e d r u l e are b a s e d on a f l o w

v e l o c it y o f a pp r o x im a t e l y

0.5 f oo t p er s ec ond. Th e rec o mm e nd e d t r i gg er i n c l ud e d i n t h e re v i s e d

r u l e i s i d e n ti ca l t o t h e t r i gg er i n t h e S ou t h C o a s t AQ M D f l are m on it o r i n g r u l e

.

Th e f l o w v e l o c it y f

o r a g i v e n vo l u m e t r i c f

l o w ra t e d e p e nds upon t h e s i z e o f t h e f l are h ea d er . Th e

t a b l e b e l o w li s t s vo l u m e t r i c f l o w ra t e s f

o r f l o w v e l o c iti e s o f

1 f oo t p er s ec ond a nd 0.5 f

oo t p er

s ec ond i n v ar i ous s i z e d f

l are h ea d er s.

T a b l e 4 : F l o w as a F un ct i o n o f H e a d er S i ze a nd V e l o c i t y

V o l u m etr i c F l o w R a te f o r G i v e n F l o w V e l o c i t i e s ( ft 3 / h r)

F l o w V e l o c it y

(fee t/ s ec

. ) D i a m e t er o f F l are H ea d er ( i n c h e s )

24 " 30 " 42 " 48 "

1.0 11,310 17,671 34,636 45,239

0.5 5655 8836 17,318 22,619

B eca us e m os t o f t h e ref

i n er i e s h a v e on e o r m o re l ar g e ( 42 i n c h o r 48 i n c h ) f

l are h ea d er s, us i n g

f l o w a bov e 50,000 s t a nd ar d c ub i c fee t p er hou r a s a t r i gg er e nsu re s t h a t s a m p li n g i s t r i gg ere d

on l y w h e n f

l o w v e l o c it y i s m o re t h a n 1 f oo t p er s ec ond i n f

l are h ea d er s. U s i n g a n hou r l y t r i gg er

o f 20,000 s t a nd ar d fee t p er

hou r ( o r a bou t 330 s t a nd ar d c ub i c fee t p er mi nu t e ov er 15 mi nu t e s )

e nsu re s t h a t s a m p li n g i s t r i gg ere d on l y w h e n f l o w v e l o c it y i s a pp r o x im a t e l y 0.5 f oo t p er s ec ond.

S e v era l rea sons suppo r t s e tti n g t h e t r i gg er f o r s a m p li n g a t a f

l o w v e l o c it y

o f a pp r o x im a t e l y

0.5

fee t p er s ec ond o r

h i g h er

. F i r s t , u lt ra son i c f l o w m e t er s are no t c ons i d ere d b y m a nu fac t u rer s a nd

us er s t o b e a s acc u ra t e a t f l o w v e l o c iti e s b e l o w a bou t 0.5 fee t p er s ec ond.27

S ec ond, l ar g e f

l are h ea d er s are sub

j ec t t o v ar i ous effec t s t h a t p r odu ce l o w v e l o c it y c u rre n t s

w it h i n t h e h ea d er t h a t do no t re p re s e n t f l o w t o t h e f

l are

. S u c h effec t s i n c l ud e t h e d i ffere n ti a l

h ea ti n g o f a

h ea d er b y t h e sun p r odu c i n g s t ra ti f i ca ti on a nd c i rc u l a ti on o f g a s e s a nd t h e su c ti on o f

a c o m p re sso r

p r odu c i n g a

su r g i n g effec t on g a s i n t h e h ea d er

. A s a re su lt

, e dd i e s ca n f o r m a nd

m ov e w it h i n a

h ea d er

. A s a re su lt o f t h e s e effec t s, g a s ca n m ov e p a s t t h e s e nso r s o f t h e f l o w

m e t er w h e n no f

l ar i n g i s o cc u rr i n g

. W it h a l o w er t r i gg er

, f l o w m a y b e i nd i ca t e d w h ere non e

e x i s t s ( i

. e

., a fa l s e pos iti v e f l o w)

. U nd er

su c h c i rc u m s t a n ce s, s a m p l e s w ou l d no t re p re s e n t ac t u a l

v e n t g a s bu t w ou l d i ns t ea d re p re s e n t s till g a s i n t h e h ea d er a nd c ou l d b i a s re su lt s.

A t h i r d rea son f

o r c hoos i n g t h e rec o mm e nd e d t r i gg er l e v e l i s t h a t a n a n a l y s i s o f d a t a c o ll ec t e d

du r i n g t h e D i s t r i c t ' s f

l are s t ud y sho w s t h a t us e o f t h i s l e v e l w ou l d ca p t u re m os t o f t h e f l ar i n g

e v e n t s o f s i g n i f i ca n ce . Ev e n i f

so m e e v e n t s are mi ss e d, t h e l ar g er e v e n t s ca u g h t b y t h i s t r i gg er

w ill y i e l d a n e x t e ns i v e c o ll ec ti on o f d a t a t h a t w ill v a s tl y e x p a nd und er s t a nd i n g o f t h e

c o m pos iti on o f f

l are g a s.

A f ou r t h rea son f

o r c hoos i n g t h i s t r i gg er l e v e l i s t h a t t h e d a t a l o gg er s us e d t o rec o r d f l are f l o w

ca n b e ea s il y

p r o g ra mm e d t o c o m p are g a s vo l u m e f l are d f o r t h e c u rre n t mi nu t e a g a i ns t t h e t r i gg er

a nd t o rec o g n i z e w h e n t h ere are 15 c ons ec u ti v e mi nu t e s o f f l o w a bou t t h e t r i gg er l e v e l . Th i s w ill

p r ov i d e a c l ear

s i g n a l f o r t r i gg er i n g s a m p li n g a nd ca n b e ea s il y e n f o rce d.

A f i f t h rea son f

o r c hoos i n g t h e p r opos e d t r i gg er l e v e l i s t h a t a lt er n a ti v e f o r m s a pp ear t o b e m o re

p r ob l e m a ti c

. O n e a lt er n a ti v e t r i gg er t h a t w ou l d s till re l y on t h e u lt ra son i c f

l o w m e t er mi g h t b e a

sus t a i n e d f

l o w v e l o c it y e x cee d i n g 1 f oo t p er s ec ond ov er

so m e p er i od o f tim e . Th e d i s a dv a n t a g e

i s t h a t t h e s a m p li n g t r i gg er w ou l d t h e n v ar y w it h h ea d er s i z e

, w h i c h s ee m s i n e qu it a b l e

. I n a

s m a ll h ea d er t h e f

l o w vo l u m e w ou l d b e re l a ti v e l y i n c ons e qu e n ti a l w h il e s i g n i f i ca n t i n a l ar g e

h ea d er

. U s e o f a t r i gg er

o t h er t h a n t h e u lt ra son i c f l o w m e t er w a s a l so c ons i d ere d. A v i su a l

t r i gg er ti e d t o v i d e o m on it o r im a g e s c ou l d b e us e d bu t w ou l d b e sub j ec ti v e a nd d i ff

i c u lt t o

e n f o rce

. U s e o f a t r i gg er

b a s e d upon f

l are h ea d er

p re ssu re s t h a t e x cee d t h e f l are w a t er s ea l

p re ssu re f o r so m e p er i od o f tim e w ou l d re qu i re i ns t r u m e n t a ti on o f w a t er s ea l s, a nd t h ere i s littl e

D i s t r i c t o r i ndus t r y e x p er i e n ce w it h t h i s d a t a a nd it s c o rre l a ti on t o f l o w

.

C o n t i nu o u s A n a l y zer s

Th e o t h er op ti on f o r d e t er mi n i n g v e n t g a s c o m pos iti on i s t h e us e o f c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s

pu r su a n t t o S ec ti ons 12

- 11

- 502.3.2 a nd 502.3.3. S e v era l t ec hno l o g i e s are a v a il a b l e : ( 1 ) f l a m e

i on i z a ti on d e t ec t o r s ( F I D)

, ( 2 ) non d i sp er s i v e i n frare d (ND I R )

, a nd ( 3 ) g a s c h r o m a t o g ra ph y

. Th e s e t ec hno l o g i e s w ere d e s cr i b e d a bov e und er "B ac k g r ound. "

C on ti nuous a n a l y z er s are w i d e l y us e d t o m on it o r g a s c o m pos iti on i n t h e c h e mi ca l a nd p e t r o l e u m

i ndus t r y

. H o w e v er

, D i s t r i c t s t aff h a v e b ee n un a b l e t o i d e n ti f y a n y ref i n er y i n C a li f

o r n i a o r T e x a s

us i n g a c on ti nuous a n a l y z er t o m on it o r f l are v e n t g a s c o m pos iti on. O n e o f t h e d i ff i c u lti e s o f

m on it o r i n g v e n t g a s i s t h a t it ca n i n c l ud e w a t er , o il

, r us t a nd o t h er p ar ti c l e s, a

v er y w i d e ra n g e o f

o r g a n i c c o m pounds, a nd h i g h su l f u r l e v e l s. I n g e n era l

, c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s n ee d t o b e caref u ll y

t a il o re d t o a re l a ti v e l y

p re d i c t a b l e g a s s t rea m

. I n a dd iti on, s a m p l e s n ee d t o b e caref u ll y

c ond iti on e d t o re m ov e w a t er a nd p ar ti c l e s. U s e o f c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s w ill t h eref o re re qu i re28

d e s i g n a nd i ns t a ll a ti on o f a s a m p l e c ond iti on i n g s y s t e m . Th ere i s no o ff- t h e- sh e l f s y s t e m

a v a il a b l e f

o r t h i s s er v i ce

. W h il e D i s t r i c t s t aff b e li e v e t h a t su c h a

s y s t e m ca n b e m a d e t o w o r k,

t h e t ec hno l o g i ca l c h a ll e n g e s are no t f u ll y kno w n. U n til t h e s e s y s t e m s are d e s i g n e d a nd i ns t a ll e d,

t h e m a i n t e n a n ce n ee ds f

o r su c h a s y s t e m are unkno w n. B eca us e o f t h e n a t u re o f t h e v e n t g a s

s t rea m

, it s ee m s li k e l y t h a t t h e s e s a m p l e c ond iti on i n g s y s t e m s w ill re qu i re m o re m a i n t e n a n ce

t h a n t hos e i n m o re c onv e n ti on a l s er v i ce

.

R a t i o n a l e f

o r O p t i o n s

Th e r u l e a ll o w s t h e t w o p r im ar y op ti ons, s a m p li n g a nd c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s, b eca us e eac h h a s

a dv a n t a g e s a nd d i s a dv a n t a g e s t h a t m a y d i c t a t e on e ov er t h e o t h er f o r t h e sp ec i f

i c f l are i n

qu e s ti on. S a m p li n g i s a

p r ov e n a pp r o ac h. Thou g h c on ti nuous d a t a i s d e s i ra b l e

, c on ti nuous

a n a l y z er s h a v e no t y e t b ee n p r ov e n a s a t ec hno l o g y t o m on it o r f l are v e n t g a s, w h i c h i s no t a s

" c l ea n " a s m os t g a s s t rea m s f o r w h i c h t h e s e a n a l y z er s are us e d. U s e o f c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s w ill

re qu i re s a m p l e c ond iti on i n g e qu i p m e n t t h a t m a y b e m o re d i ff

i c u lt t o d e s i g n t h a n t hos e re qu i re d

f o r s a m p li n g a nd m a y re qu i re c ons i d era b l e m a i n t e n a n ce . Th e r u l e re p re s e n t s a c o m p r o mi s e

,

a ll o w i n g a m e t hod t h a t i s kno w n t o w o r k ( s a m p li n g ) w h il e e n c ou ra g i n g a m e t hod t h a t t h e

D i s t r i c t w ou l d li k e t o s ee p r ov e n i n p rac ti ce (c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s ) . Th i s e nsu re s t h a t t h e r u l e

w ill w o r k a nd a vo i ds t h e r i sk o f r u l e fa il u re t h a t w ou l d c o m e fr o m m a nd a ti n g on l y c on ti nuous

a n a l y z er s a nd t h e mi ss e d oppo r t un it y t h a t mi g h t c o m e fr o m m a nd a ti n g on l y s a m p li n g

. D i s t r i c t

s t aff e x p ec t s t h a t t h e re su lt m a y b e t h e us e o f c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s on so m e f l are s a nd s a m p li n g

on o t h er s. D i s t r i c t s t aff e x p ec t s t h a t e it h er a pp r o ac h w ill p r ov i d e su ff i c i e n t d a t a t o suppo r t t h e

acc u ra t e c h arac t er i z a ti on o f f l are g a s c o m pos iti on.

G e n er a l R e qu i re m e n t s

S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 502.1 sp ec i f i e s re qu i re m e n t s t h a t a pp l y t o a ll c o m pos iti on m on it o r i n g

. V e n t g a s

m on it o re d f

o r c o m pos iti on m us t b e t a k e n fr o m a l o ca ti on t h a t i s re p re s e n t a ti v e o f v e n t g a s

c o m pos iti on. W h ere f

l are s sh are a c o mm on h ea d er

, a s a m p l e fr o m t h e h ea d er i s su ff i c i e n t f o r a ll

f l are s s er v e d b y t h e h ea d er . Th e c o m pos iti on m on it o r i n g s y s t e m m us t p r ov i d e a m ea ns f o r t h e

D i s t r i c t t o t a k e s a m p l e s t o v er i f y t h e c o m pos iti on a n a l y s e s re qu i re d b y t h e r u l e

.

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 503

Pilo t M on i t or i ng

Th i s s ec ti on re qu i re s eac h p il o t t o h a v e a p r op er l y f

un c ti on i n g i g n iti on s y s t e m . Mos t f l are s h a v e

p il o t li g h t s a nd m os t h a v e a n e l ec t r i c arc b ac kup i n ca s e t h e p il o t i s l os t

.

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 504

Pilo t a nd

P urg e G as M on i t or i ng

Th i s s ec ti on re qu i re s m on it o r i n g o f p il o t a nd pu r g e g a s e it h er b y a f l o w m ea su r i n g d e v i ce o r

b y

t h e m on it o r i n g o f

o t h er p ara m e t er s. Mos t o f t h e ref i n er i e s re l y

on w a t er s ea l s ra t h er t h a n pu r g e

g a s, a nd vo l u m e t r i c f

l o w o f p il o t g a s i s c ons t a n t a nd d i c t a t e d b y p il o t d e s i g n. U nd er t h e s e

c i rc u m s t a n ce s, t h e m on t h l y re po r t ca n s im p l y s t a t e t h e p ara m e t er s t h a t d i c t a t e f l o w a nd re p ea t t h e

f l o w d a t a eac h m on t h ( s ee d i s c uss i on o f S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 401 )

.29

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 505 R ec ord

kee p i ng R e qu i

r e m e n t s

P u r su a n t t o t h i s s ec ti on, m on it o r i n g rec o r ds, e x ce p t f o r v i d e o m on it o r i n g

, m us t b e k e p t f o r 5

y ear s. Th e s ec ti on re p ea t s e x i s ti n g re qu i re m e n t s c on t a i n e d i n fe d era l l a w f o r T itl e V fac iliti e s.

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 506

G e n e r a l M on i t or i ng R e qu i

r e m e n t s

G e n era l m on it o r i n g re qu i re m e n t s t h a t a pp l y t o a ll m on it o r s are i n c l ud e d i n t h i s s ec ti on. Th e

s ec ti on limit s hou r s o f m on it o r i nop era ti on a nd re qu i re s re po r ti n g w h e n m on it o r s g o ou t o f

s er v i ce . Mon it o r s are a ll o w e d 15 c ons ec u ti v e d a y s o f i nop era ti on, w it h p r oo f o f e x p e d iti ous

re p a i r re qu i re d af

t er t h e 15 d a y s a nd w it h a limit o f 30 d a y s t o t a l i n on e y ear

. D u r i n g p er i ods

w h e n m on it o r s are ou t o f s er v i ce

, f l o w s m us t b e ca l c u l a t e d a nd c o m pos iti on m us t b e d e t er mi n e d

b y s a m p li n g . Mon it o r s are re qu i re d t o b e m a i n t a i n e d a nd ca li b ra t e d i n acc o r d a n ce w it h

m a nu fac t u rer ' s re qu i re m e n t s. F i n a ll y

, t h e s ec ti on sp ec i f i e s t h a t t h e e l ec t r on i c d a t a l o gg er s us e d

t o rec o r d d a t a m us t b e ca p a b l e o f on e- mi nu t e a v era g e s a nd m us t rec o r d f l o w d a t a a s on e- mi nu t e

a v era g e s. C on ti nuous c o m pos iti on a n a l y z er s do no t p r odu ce on e- mi nu t e a v era g e s, a s t h e c y c l e

f o r su c h a n a n a l y z er m a y t a k e 15 mi nu t e s o r m o re

.

Th e re v i s e d r u l e i n c l ud e s a m e nd m e n t s t o t h e m on it o r do w n tim e p r ov i s i ons t h a t are i n t e nd e d t o

e n c ou ra g e t h e us e o f i n t e g ra t e d s a m p li n g a nd c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s. Thou g h t h e s e a pp r o ac h e s

h a v e no t y e t b ee n us e d on f l are h ea d er s, s e v era l B a y Ar ea ref i n er i e s are i n t ere s t e d i n t r y i n g on e o r

m o re o f t h e s e op ti ons, bu t are c on cer n e d t h a t t h e do w n tim e p r ov i s i ons are t oo s t r i n g e n t f o r n e w

e qu i p m e n t w it h w h i c h t h e y h a v e no e x p er i e n ce . Th e c h a n g e s t o t h i s s ec ti on a ll o w a 6 m on t h

g race p er i od f

o r i n t e g ra t e d s a m p li n g

, c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s, a nd g a s c h r o m a t o g ra ph y du r i n g

w h i c h t h e do w n tim e limit s w ill no t a pp l y . Th i s w ill g i v e t h e ref i n er i e s tim e t o w o r k ou t a n y

p r ob l e m s a nd ac qu i re e x p er i e n ce w it h t h e n e w e qu i p m e n t

.

I n re spons e t o c o mm e n t s fr o m t h e A i r R e sou rce s B o ar d rece i v e d j us t b ef o re t h e M a y

21, 2003

h ear i n g on t h e re v i s e d r u l e

, D i s t r i c t s t aff are p r opos i n g t w o mi no r c h a n g e s t o S ec ti on 12

- 11-

506.1 o f t h e re v i s e d r u l e . Th e f i r s t c h a n g e w ou l d d e l e t e a n a ll o w a n ce o f m on it o r i n g do w n tim e

f o r pu re l y m a nu a l s a m p li n g

, f o r w h i c h a

do w n tim e a ll o w a n ce i s i n a pp r op r i a t e ( s ee re spons e #127

i n C o mm e n t s a nd R e spons e s ) . Th e s ec ond c h a n g e w ou l d c o rrec t a t ypo g ra ph i ca l err o r i n t h e

s a m e s ec ti on ( s ee re spons e #128 ).

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 507

Vi d e o M on i t or i ng

Th i s s ec ti on re qu i re s t h e i ns t a ll a ti on w it h i n 90 d a y s o f rec o r d i n g e qu i p m e n t f o r f l are s c u rre n tl y

e qu i pp e d w it h v i d e o m on it o r i n g e qu i p m e n t . E ffec ti v e i n 6 m on t hs, v i d e o m on it o r s a nd rec o r d i n g

e qu i p m e n t m us t b e i ns t a ll e d on eac h f l are t h a t c u rre n tl y l ac ks v i d e o m on it o r i n g e qu i p m e n t a nd

t h a t h a s a s i g n i f i ca n t re l ea s e ( 1 milli on s t a nd ar d c ub i c fee t o f v e n t g a s i n 24

- hou r

p er i od ) a s

m ea su re d b y t h e u lt ra son i c f l o w m on it o r s.

Th e v i d e o m on it o r i n g re qu i re m e n t s are i n t e nd e d t o p r ov i d e a b ac kup t o t h e e x t e ns i v e d a t a t h a t

w ill b e a v a il a b l e af

t er t h e r u l e ' s o t h er m on it o r i n g re qu i re m e n t s g o i n t o effec t

. R ec o r d e d v i d e o

w ill s er v e a s a

b r o a d s ca l e v er i f

i ca ti on on t h e op era ti on o f f l o w m on it o r s. F o r i ns t a n ce

, i f

rec o r d e d v i d e o sho w s a

s i g n i f i ca n t f l ar i n g e v e n t t h a t i s no t i nd i ca t e d i n m on it o r i n g d a t a

, t h i s30

w ou l d b e i nd i ca ti v e o f m on it o r e qu i p m e n t fa il u re

. I n t h i s w a y

, rec o r d e d v i d e o d a t a w ill p r ov i d e

a n a dd iti on a l b e n ef

it i n li nk i n g ac t u a l f

l ar i n g e v e n t s w it h e mi ss i ons d a t a a nd w ill t h ere b y f u r t h er

t h e D i s t r i c t c o m p li a n ce a nd e n f o rce m e n t ca p a b iliti e s. Thou g h rec o r d e d v i d e o i s no t n ear l y a s

us ef u l a s o t h er f

o r m s o f m on it o r i n g f

o r d e t er mi n i n g t h e qu a n tit y o r c h arac t er

o f f l are e mi ss i ons,

it s l o w c os t a nd u tilit y a s a g r oss v er i f i ca ti on m e t hod j us ti f

i e s it s i n c l us i on i n t h e r u l e

.

C o mm un it y m e m b er s o r i g i n a ll y a sk e d f o r v i d e o m on it o r i n g so t h a t t h e D i s t r i c t w ou l d h a v e t h e

m ea ns t o v er i f

y c o m p l a i n t s a bou t f

l ar i n g

. I n t h e p a s t

, f

l ar i n g c o m p l a i n t s o cca s i on a ll y ca m e t o t h e

D i s t r i c t on w ee k e nds o r a t o t h er tim e s w h e n a D i s t r i c t i nsp ec t o r w a s un a b l e t o v er i f y t h e

c o m p l a i n t

. I n t h e p a s t , ho w e v er

, i nsp ec t o r s d i d no t h a v e t h e f l o w a nd c o m pos iti on d a t a t h a t w ill

no w r ou ti n e l y

b e a v a il a b l e

. I t i s poss i b l e , bu t un cer t a i n, t h a t v i d e o d a t a w ill a ss i s t t h e D i s t r i c t i n

re spond i n g m o re effec ti v e l y t o c o mm un it y c o m p l a i n t s. Th e D i s t r i c t b e li e v e s t h i s poss i b ilit y

,

c o m b i n e d w it h t h e us ef

u l n e ss o f v i d e o d a t a a s a

b r o a d s ca l e v er i f

i ca ti on on m on it o r f

un c ti on,

j us ti f i e s im pos iti on o f t h e re qu i re m e n t

. W it h t h e p r opos e d r u l e , v i d e o d a t a w ill b e re dund a n t , bu t

t h e rec o r d i n g s w ill p r ov i d e a n a dd iti on a l c h ec k on f l ar i n g

.

A t t h e D i s t r i c t ' s A u g us t 2002 c on ce p t u a l w o r kshop f o r t h e p r opos e d r u l e

, c o mm un it y m e m b er s

a sk e d f o r v i d e o m on it o r i n g w it h re t e n ti on o f im a g e s f o r a p er i od su ff

i c i e n t t o a ll o w v er i f

i ca ti on.

Th e D i s t r i c t ' s o r i g i n a l p r opos a l w a s t o re qu i re rec o r d i n g o f im a g e s a nd re t e n ti on o f t h e im a g e s

f o r 72 hou r s. A t c o mm un it y m ee ti n g s, m a n y p ar ti c i p a n t s re qu e s t e d re t e n ti on f o r a g rea t er l e n g t h

o f tim e . Th e p r opos e d r u l e t h eref o re re qu i re s re t e n ti on a nd sub mi ss i on o f t h e im a g e s rec o r d e d

du r i n g a p ar ti c u l ar m on t h w it h t h e m on t h l y re po r t re qu i re d b y S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 401. Th i s

re qu i re m e n t e nsu re s t h a t im a g e s w ill b e a v a il a b l e t o a ns w er qu e s ti ons ra i s e d b y

n e i g hbo r s o r

b y

D i s t r i c t s t aff af

t er re v i e w i n g t h e re po r t

.

Th i s s ec ti on sp ec i f

i e s cer t a i n mi n im u m re qu i re m e n t s f o r t h e im a g e s a nd rec o r d i n g . Th e f l are

im a g e m us t b e o f

su ff i c i e n t s i z e

, c on t ra s t

, a nd re so l u ti on t o b e rea d il y a pp are n t i n t h e ov era ll

im a g e o r fra m e a nd it m us t i n c l ud e a n e m b e dd e d d a t e a nd tim e s t a m p.

Th e im a g e o f t h e f

l are m us t b e rec o r d e d a t a fra m e ra t e o f no l e ss t h a n 1 fra m e p er mi nu t e . Th i s

fra m e ra t e w a s s e l ec t e d t o e nsu re t h a t t h e re su lti n g s i z e o f t h e e l ec t r on i c f il e w a s no b i gg er t h a n

c ou l d b e rec o r d e d on on e DVD p er f l are p er m on t h. I n arr i v i n g a t t h i s fra m e ra t e

, t h e D i s t r i c t

a ssu m e d t h a t t h e i nd i v i du a l im a g e f il e f o r eac h im a g e o f t h e f

l are w ou l d b e 40 k il ob y t e s. Th i s

f il e s i z e w a s s e l ec t e d b a s e d on t h e s i z e o f a t yp i ca l J P E G im a g e f il e o f rea son a b l e s i z e

. I m a g e s

f o r on e m on t h w ou l d t h e n p r odu ce a f il e o f 1.7 g i g a b y t e s ( 40 Kb * 60 mi n / h r * 24 h r s / d a y

* 30

d a y s )

. A s i n g l e- s i d e d s i n g l e- l a y er DVD i s ca p a b l e o f ho l d i n g 4.7 g i g a b y t e s o f

d a t a . Thou g h t h i s

f il e s i z e i s rea son a b l e f

o r a DVD

, it i s a n e x t re m e l y l ar g e f il e b y i n t er n e t s t a nd ar ds a nd c ou l d no t

b e s e n t a s a t yp i ca l e- m a il a tt ac h m e n t o r ov er a n y t h i n g bu t t h e fa s t e s t i n t er n e t c onn ec ti ons i n a n y

rea son a b l e a m oun t o f tim e

.

C o mm e n t s on ear li er

v er s i ons o f t h e r u l e h a v e su gg e s t e d t h a t m u c h h i g h er fra m e ra t e s c ou l d b e

re qu i re d f o r t h e im a g e rec o r d i n g s. B u t t h ere are t ra d e o ff s. Th e b a s i c d e t er mi n a n t s o f t h e s i z e o f

a n e l ec t r on i c im a g e f

il e are it s s i z e i n p i x e l s, t h e b it d e p t h f o r eac h p i x e l ( t h e nu m b er o f b it s us e d

t o re p re s e n t c o l o r s f

o r eac h p i x e l )

, t h e nu m b er o f im a g e s i n c l ud e d i n t h e f il e ( d e t er mi n e d b y t h e31

fra m e ra t e a nd l e n g t h o f tim e)

, a nd t h e c o m p re ss i on us e d ( v ar i ous d i ffere n t a pp r o ac h e s are us e d

t o re du ce f

il e s i z e , bu t g e n era ll y a t t h e e x p e ns e o f re so l u ti on )

.

A s a n e x a m p l e

, a t yp i ca l im a g e s i z e i s 320 p i x e l s b y 240 p i x e l s. P r odu c i n g a

b l ac k a nd w h it e

im a g e re qu i re s a

b it d e p t h o f

1 b it . To p r odu ce a g ood g ra y s ca l e im a g e o r a n im a g e w it h a

limit e d ra n g e o f c o l o r re qu i re s a b it d e p t h o f

8 b it s. W it h limit e d c o l o r

, t h e f il e s i z e f o r eac h

fra m e i s a l rea d y

75 k il ob y t e s ( 320 p i x e l s * 240 p i x e l s * 8 b it s / p i x e l * 1 b y t e / 8b it s * 1

k il ob y t e / 1024 b y t e s )

. A t a fra m e ra t e o f 30 fra m e s p er

s ec ond ( t h e s t a nd ar d v i d e o fra m e ra t e)

,

t h e f il e s i z e f o r 1 mi nu t e o f

v i d e o i s 132 m e g a b y t e s. A DVD c ou l d s t o re 36 mi nu t e s o f t h e s e

un c o m p re ss e d v i d e o im a g e s. Th i s i s w h y c o m p re ss i on i s us e d. Th e s t a nd ar d c o m p re ss i on us e d

f o r v i d e o w a s d e v e l op e d b y t h e Mov i n g P i c t u re s E x p er t s Gr oup a nd i s ca ll e d M P E G . M P E G

ac h i e v e s g ood re su lt s a t c o m p re ss i on ra ti os up t o 20 : 1 f o r v i d e o, w it h v i su a l ar ti fac t s a nd

d i s t o r ti on a pp ear i n g a t h i g h er c o m p re ss i on ra ti os. W it h t h e c u rre n t e x a m p l e a nd a c o m p re ss i on

ra ti o o f 20 : 1, a DVD c ou l d s t o re a bou t 12 hou r s o f v i d e o im a g e s. V i d e o im a g e s o f t h e e x a m p l e

s i z e a t 30 fra m e s p er

s ec ond f o r a s i n g l e f l are f o r a m on t h w ou l d t h eref

o re re qu i re 60 DVD s.

O n e p ar ti c i p a n t i n t h e A u g us t 2002 c on ce p t u a l w o r kshop a l so su gg e s t e d re qu i r i n g f l are op era t o r s

t o pu t f l are im a g e s on t h e i n t er n e t . Th e p r opos e d r u l e do e s no t re qu i re pos ti n g o f im a g e s on t h e

i n t er n e t . Th e D i s t r i c t b e li e v e s t h a t t h e c u rre n t v i d e o m on it o r i n g re qu i re m e n t w ill su ff i c i e n tl y

p r ov i d e t h e i n f

o r m a ti on t h e D i s t r i c t s ee ks t o carr y ou t it s re spons i b iliti e s. W e b pos ti n g

, a s

p r opos e d b y

so m e w o r kshop p ar ti c i p a n t s a nd c o mm e n t er s, w ou l d no t p r ov i d e a n y a dd iti on a l

b e n ef it i n d e t er mi n i n g e mi ss i ons, e n f o rc i n g a pp li ca b l e re g u l a ti ons, o r i nv e s ti g a ti n g i n c i d e n t s. I f

t h e D i s t r i c t rece i v e s c o m p l a i n t s a s a re su lt o f a f l ar i n g i n c i d e n t

, a n on

- s it e i nv e s ti g a ti on b y a n

i nsp ec t o r w ou l d no r m a ll y f o ll o w

.

O n M a y 21, 2003 f

o ll o w i n g t h e i n iti a l h ear i n g on t h e r u l e

, w h i c h i n c l ud e d a d i s c uss i on o f

" w e b ca s ti n g " b y t h e B o ar d, t h e D i s t r i c t c onv e n e d a m ee ti n g o f t h e f l are w o r k g r oup t o d i s c uss

w e b ca s ti n g a nd o t h er i ssu e s ra i s e d a t t h e h ear i n g . Th e m ee ti n g w a s a tt e nd e d b y re p re s e n t a ti v e s

f o r W SP A

, t h e i nd i v i du a l ref i n er i e s, ref

i n er y t ra d e un i ons, a nd C B E. Th e c ons e nsus o f a ll

p re s e n t w a s t h a t w e b ca s ti n g ra i s e s a nu m b er o f d i ff i c u lt i ssu e s a nd shou l d b e s e p ara t e d fr o m t h e

re m a i nd er

o f t h e r u l e a nd referre d t o t h e S t a ti on ar y S ou rce C o mmitt ee . Th e s t aff p r opos a l f

o r t h e

J un e 4, 2003 B o ar d m ee ti n g ref l ec t s t h i s c ons e nsus. To a vo i d im pos i n g v i d e o rec o r d i n g a nd

s t o ra g e re qu i re m e n t s t h a t w ou l d re qu i re imm e d i a t e d ec i s i ons a bou t t ec hno l o g y t h a t mi g h t p r ov e

t o b e i n c ons i s t e n t w it h l a t er d i rec ti on b y t h e S t a ti on ar y S ou rce C o mmitt ee

, t h e D i s t r i c t i s

p r opos i n g t o push b ac k t h e effec ti v e d a t e o f S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 507 t o a ll o w f u r t h er s t ud y o f

we b ca s ti n g a nd re l a t e d i ssu e s. Th e s ec ti on w ou l d b e effec ti v e 180 d a y s af t er r u l e a dop ti on ra t h er

t h a n 90 d a y s t o a ll o w t h e n ece ss ar y tim e f o r t h i s eff o r t.



### M anual o f Pro c edure s

P r ov i s i ons i n t h e M a nu a l o f P r o ce du re s s ec ti on o f t h e r u l e sp ec i f y t e s t m e t hods t o b e us e d t o

carr y ou t t h e m on it o r i n g re qu i re d b y t h e r u l e

.32

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 601 T

es t i ng , S a mp li ng

, a nd A n a l

y t i ca l M e t hod s

Th i s s ec ti on li s t s t h e m e t hods t h a t are a ll o w e d f o r t h e v ar i ous a pp r o ac h e s t o c o m pos iti on

m on it o r i n g

. S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 601.1 sp ec i f i e s m e t hods t o b e us e d f

o r l a bo ra t o r y a n a l y s i s o f

s a m p l e s

t a k e n m a nu a ll y

o r w it h a n a u t o

- s a m p l er

. S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 601.2 sp ec i f i e s m e t hods t o b e us e d w it h

f l a m e i on i z a ti on d e t ec t o r s o r non

- d i sp er s i v e i n frare d sp ec t r opho t o m e t r y

. S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 601.3

sp ec i f i e s m e t hods f

o r g a s c h r o m a t o g ra ph y

. F o r g a s c h r o m a t o g ra ph y

, a lt hou g h e qu i p m e n t m a y b e

ca p a b l e o f c o m p l e ti n g c y c l e s i n 15 mi nu t e s, t h e a ll o w e d s a m p li n g fre qu e n c y i s 30 mi nu t e s, bo t h

b eca us e so m e ref

i n er s m a y w a n t t o a n a l y z e f o r a dd iti on a l c o m pounds b e y ond t hos e re qu i re d b y

t h e r u l e

, w h i c h i n crea s e s t h e c y c l e tim e , o r b eca us e so m e m a y w a n t t o us e on e g a s

c h r o m a t o g ra ph t o a n a l y z e s a m p l e s fr o m m o re t h a n on e f l are h ea d er

.

Th e re v i s e d r u l e m a k e s a mi no r c h a n g e t o t h i s s ec ti on t o a ll o w us e o f subs e qu e n t re v i s e d

v er s i ons o f t h e li s t e d m e t hods.

Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 602 F

lo w V e r i f i ca t i on T es t M e t hod s

S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 402 re qu i re s a s e mi -a nnu a l f

l o w v er i f i ca ti on f o r t h e f l o w m on it o r s re qu i re d b y t h e

r u l e

. A s no t e d i n t h e d i s c uss i on o f t h a t s ec ti on, t h i s re qu i re m e n t s im p l y p r ov i d e s a c h ec k on t h e

f l o w m e t er s. S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 602 sp ec i f i e s 6 m e t hods t h a t ca n b e us e d t o m ea su re o r e s tim a t e

f l o w f o r a p ar ti c u l ar

p er i od o f tim e

. P u r su a n t t o S ec ti on 402, t h e m ea su re o r e s tim a t e w ill t h e n

b e c o m p are d t o f

l o w m on it o r

d a t a f o r t h e s a m e p er i od. I f t h ere i s a d i ffere n ce b e t w ee n t h e d a t a

p r odu ce d b y t h e m on it o r a nd t h a t p r odu ce d b y t h e v er i f i ca ti on m e t hod, it i s d i ff

i c u lt t o kno w

w h e t h er t h e err o r li e s w it h t h e m e t er o r w it h a lt er n a ti v e . Th e v er i f i ca ti on i s p r im ar il y i n t e nd e d t o

f l a g a n y m a

j o r d i ffere n ce s f

o r f u r t h er i nv e s ti g a ti on. Th e v er i f i ca ti on w ou l d ca t c h, f

o r e x a m p l e

,

a n y err o r i n t h e ra n g e s e tti n g f o r t h e u lt ra son i c f

l o w m e t er ( s ee d i s c uss i on und er S ec ti on 12

- 11-

402 )

. I f t h ere i s a rea son t o susp ec t a p r ob l e m i n t h e f

l o w m e t er

, a f

l o w m e t er ca n b e re m ov e d

a nd b e n c h t e s t e d w it h c on t r o ll e d f l o w s.

Th e re v i s e d r u l e i n c l ud e s a re qu i re m e n t t h a t m ea su re m e n t fr o m t h e m e t er a nd t h e f l o w

v er i f i ca ti on a g ree t o w it h i n ± 20 %

.

S ec ti ons 12

- 11

- 602.1 a nd 602.2 a ll o w p it o t t ub e t ra v er s e s a s a c h ec k on f l o w a nd sp ec i f

y D i s t r i c t

a nd E P A m e t hods re sp ec ti v e l y f o r c ondu c ti n g t h e s e t ra v er s e s. Th e s e m e t hods i nvo l v e i ns er ti n g a

p it o t t ub e i n t o a

po r t i n a f

l are h ea d er a nd m ea su r i n g f l o w . Thou g h t h e m e t hods h a v e b ee n

i n c l ud e d, t h e y are no t li k e l y t o b e us e d v er y o f t e n b eca us e o f t h e r i sks i nvo l v e d w it h i ns er ti n g

p r ob e s i n t o a li v e f

l are h ea d er . Th e i r

us e i s a l so limit e d t o v e l o c iti e s g rea t er t h a n 10 t o 20 fee t

p er s ec ond.

S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 602.3 w ou l d a ll o w t h e us e o f f l o w m on it o r s o r

p r o ce ss m on it o r s t h a t ca n p r ov i d e

c o m p ar i son f

l o w ra t e d a t a f

o r a v e n t s t rea m t h a t i s f

l o w i n g p a s t t h e u lt ra son i c f l o w m e t er

.

S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 602.4 w ou l d a ll o w t h e us e o f a n y m e t hod rec o mm e nd e d b y t h e m a nu fac t u rer o f

t h e u lt ra son i c f

l o w m e t er

.33

S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 602.5 w ou l d a ll o w t h e us e o f a t racer g a s t o d e t er mi n e f l o w

. A t racer g a s ca n b e

i n t r odu ce d i n t o a f

l are h ea d er t h r ou g h a

po r t ups t rea m o f a

s ec ond po r t a t w h i c h v e n t g a s i s

s a m p l e d f o r p re s e n ce o f t h e t racer g a s. B y timi n g ho w l on g it t a k e s t h e t racer g a s t o m ov e fr o m

t h e po r t w h ere it i s i n t r odu ce d t o t h e po r t w h ere it i s d e t ec t e d o r b y m ea su r i n g t h e t racer g a s

c on ce n t ra ti on, f

l o w v e l o c it y ca n b e d e t er mi n e d.

S ec ti on 12

- 11

- 602.6 w ou l d a ll o w a n y a lt er n a ti v e m e t hod i f a pp r ov e d b y t h e D i s t r i c t a nd E P A

.



## EM I SS IO N S R E DUC TIO N S

Th e pu rpos e o f R e g u l a ti on 12, R u l e 11, F l are Mon it o r i n g a t P e t r o l e u m R ef i n er i e s i s t o g a t h er

i n f o r m a ti on on f

l ar i n g i n c l ud i n g f

l o w

, c o m pos iti on, a nd ca us e . Th e p r opos e d r u l e do e s no t

m a nd a t e re du c ti ons. N e v er t h e l e ss, D i s t r i c t s t aff h a v e f ound t h a t b eca us e ref

i n er s h a v e l ook e d

m o re c l os e l y

bo t h a t m on it o r i n g a nd t h e fea s i b ilit y o f f l ar i n g re du c ti ons, f

l ar i n g a t t h e f

i v e B a y

Ar ea ref i n er i e s h a s d r opp e d d ra m a ti ca ll y ov er t h e p a s t y ear

. O n e ref i n er y h a s i ns t a ll e d n e w

c o m p re sso r s t h a t h a v e a ll o w e d it t o g o fr o m f l ar i n g a n a v era g e o f

5 milli on s t a nd ar d c ub i c fee t o f

v e n t g a s p er

d a y t o v i r t u a ll y z er o r ou ti n e f l ar i n g . Th e re su lt h a s b ee n a s i g n i f i ca n t e mi ss i on

re du c ti on t h a t ca nno t b e d i rec tl y a tt r i bu t e d t o t h i s r u l e , bu t w ill u ltim a t e l y b e ref l ec t e d i n t h e

e mi ss i ons i nv e n t o r y

.



## E C O N O M I C I MP A C T S

C o sts

Th e p r opos e d r u l e re qu i re s t h e i ns t a ll a ti on o f 3 t yp e s o f m on it o r i n g e qu i p m e n t: ( 1 ) f l o w

m on it o r i n g e qu i p m e n t

, ( 2 ) c o m pos iti on m on it o r i n g e qu i p m e n t

, a nd ( 3 ) v i d e o m on it o r i n g

e qu i p m e n t

. B eca us e t h e r u l e a ll o w s eac h ref i n er y op ti ons, p ar ti c u l ar l y i n d e t er mi n i n g ho w t o

m on it o r v e n t g a s c o m pos iti on, it i s d i ff i c u lt t o p re d i c t c os t f

o r eac h ref

i n er y

. C os t w ill a l so v ar y

b eca us e t h e nu m b er

o f f l are s a t eac h ref

i n er y v ar i e s. C os t s are d i v i d e d i n t o t w o m a i n ca t e g o r i e s :

( 1 ) i n iti a l ca p it a l a nd i ns t a ll a ti on c os t s f o r e qu i p m e n t

, a nd ( 2 ) a nnu a l op era ti n g a nd m a i n t e n a n ce

c os t s.

T a b l e 5. C a p i t a l C os t I te m s

C o st It e m C o st 1 C o mm en t

F l o w m on it o r

U ltr a s on i c m e t e r w /

i n s t a ll a ti on

A nnua l a m o rti z ed co st 2 $50,000

$6164

C on ti nuou s ana l yz e r ( ND I R )

H y d r oca r bon ana l yz e r

H 2 S ana l yz e r

Sa m p l e cond iti on i n g

A u t o C a l s y s t e m

I n s t a ll a ti on $9,000

$15,000

$40,000

$25,000

$50,000 2 ana l yz e rs: ( 1 ) dua l channe lm e t hane and t o t a l

h y d r oca r bon, ( 2 ) H 2 S34 C o st It e m C o st 1 C o mm en t

T o t a l

A nnua l a m o rti z ed co st 2 $139,000

$17,137

C on ti nuou s ana l yz e r ( F I D )

H y d r oca r bon ana l yz e r

H 2 S ana l yz e r

Sa m p l e cond iti on i n g

A u t o C a l s y s t e m

I n s t a ll a ti on

T o t a l

A nnua l a m o rti z ed co st 2 $12,000

$15,000

$40,000

$25,000

$50,000

$142,000

$17,507 2 ana l yz e rs: ( 1 ) dua l channe lm e t hane and t o t a l

h y d r oca r bon, ( 2 ) H 2 S

C on ti nuou s ana l yz e r ( GC )

GC

Sa m p l e cond iti on i n g

I n s t a ll a ti on

T o t a l

A nnua l a m o rti z ed co st 2 $50,000

$40,000

$50,000

$140,000

$17,261

A u t o

- s a m p li n g s y s t e m

A u t o

- s a m p l e r

I n s t a ll a ti on

T o t a l

A nnua l a m o rti z ed co st 2 $15,000

$15,000

$30,000

$3,699

M anua l s a m

p li n g s t a ti on

I n s t a ll a ti on

A nnua l a m o rti z ed co st 2 $10,000

$1233

Vi deo m on it o ri n g

E qu i p m en t w /i n s t a ll a ti on

A nnua l a m o rti z ed co st 2 $5,000

$616

1 C o s t s ba s ed on v endo r e s ti m a t e s o r quo t e s t o ARB o r D i s tri c t s t a ff

2 C o s t s a m o rti z ed o v e r 10 y ea rs @ 4 % r ea l i n t e r e s t r a te

T a b l e 6. A nnu a l O p er a t i n g C os t s

C o st It e m C o st C o mm en t

M a i n t enance f

o r a ll m on it o rs

( pe r fl a r e ) $20,000 D i s tri c t e s ti m a t e

Sa m p l e ana l y s i s $500 / s a m p l e V endo r quo t e

R epo rt p r epa r a ti on pe r fl a re 1 $4,000 C o s t s ba s ed on 1 da y o f l abo r

@ $50 / h r/fl a r e / m on t h

B a s e d on t h e a bov e c os t e s tim a t e s, t h e a nnu a l c os t p er f l are w ill d e p e nd upon t h e f l are

m on it o r i n g t ec hno l o g i e s c hos e n, bu t t h e c os t i s e x p ec t e d t o b e a bou t $50,000 p er f l are

. F o r f

l are s

f o r w h i c h c o m pos iti on i s m on it o re d b y s a m p li n g

, e qu i p m e n t c os t s are l o w er bu t s a m p l e a n a l y s i s

c os t s b r i n g t o t a l c os t up t o a l e v e l c o m p ara b l e t o t h a t f o r f l are s us i n g c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s.35

A t a n a nnu a l c os t o f

$50,000 p er f

l are

, t h e t o t a l c os t f

o r t h e B a y Ar ea ref

i n er i e s t o g e t h er i s

e x p ec t e d t o b e a bou t $1.15 milli on p er y ear . Th e c os t p er ref i n er y w ill d e p e nd upon t h e nu m b er

o f f l are s a t t h e ref

i n er y

.



### So c ioe c ono m i c I m pa cts

S ec ti on 40728.5 o f t h e H ea lt h a nd S afe t y C od e re qu i re s a n a i r d i s t r i c t t o a ss e ss t h e

so c i o ec ono mi c im p ac t s o f t h e a dop ti on, a m e nd m e n t , o r re p ea l o f a r u l e i f t h e r u l e i s on e t h a t

“ w ill s i g n i f

i ca n tl y affec t a i r

qu a lit y o r e mi ss i ons limit a ti ons. ” Th e p r opos e d r u l e i s i n t e nd e d t o

p r ov i d e t h e t oo l s n ece ss ar y t o a n a l y z e ref i n er y f l ar i n g

. I t w ou l d im pos e m on it o r i n g re qu i re m e n t s

f o r ref i n er y f l are s bu t w ou l d no t im pos e e mi ss i on limit a ti ons. A s a re su lt

, t h e s e limit s ca nno t b e

s a i d t o “ s i g n i f

i ca n tl y affec t a i r

qu a lit y o r e mi ss i on limit a ti ons, ” w it h i n t h e m ea n i n g o f S ec ti on

40728.5, a nd t h e D i s t r i c t w ill no t p re p are t h e so c i o ec ono mi c a n a l y s i s t h a t w ou l d o t h er w i s e b e

re qu i re d und er S ec ti on 40728.5 o f t h e H ea lt h a nd S afe t y C od e

. H o w e v er

, t h e D i s t r i c t h a s

a tt e m p t e d t o mi n imi z e t h e c os t s im pos e d b y t h e p r opos e d r u l e

.



### I n c re m en t al C o sts

U nd er H ea lt h a nd S afe t y C od e S ec ti on 40920.6, t h e D i s t r i c t i s re qu i re d t o p erf o r m a n

i n cre m e n t a l c os t a n a l y s i s f o r a p r opos e d r u l e und er cer t a i n c i rc u m s t a n ce s. To p erf o r m t h i s

a n a l y s i s, t h e D i s t r i c t m us t ( 1 ) i d e n ti f y on e o r m o re c on t r o l op ti ons ac h i e v i n g t h e e mi ss i on

re du c ti on ob

j ec ti v e s f o r t h e p r opos e d r u l e

, ( 2 ) d e t er mi n e t h e c os t effec ti v e n e ss f o r eac h op ti on,

a nd ( 3 ) ca l c u l a t e t h e i n cre m e n t a l c os t effec ti v e n e ss f o r eac h op ti on. To d e t er mi n e i n cre m e n t a l

c os t s, t h e D i s t r i c t m us t “ca l c u l a t e t h e d i ffere n ce i n t h e do ll ar c os t s d i v i d e d b y t h e d i ffere n ce i n

t h e e mi ss i on re du c ti on po t e n ti a l s b e t w ee n eac h p r o g re ss i v e l y m o re s t r i n g e n t po t e n ti a l c on t r o l

op ti on a s c o m p are d t o t h e n e x t l e ss e x p e ns i v e c on t r o l op ti on. ” B eca us e t h e p r opos e d r u l e do e s

no t im pos e c on t r o l re qu i re m e n t s, no i n cre m e n t a l c os t a n a l y s i s w ill b e p re p are d.



## E N V I R O N ME N T A L I MP A C T S

P u r su a n t t o t h e C a li f

o r n i a Env i r on m e n t a l Q u a lit y A c t

, t h e D i s t r i c t p re p are d a n i n iti a l s t ud y f o r

t h e p r opos e d r u l e t o d e t er mi n e w h e t h er r u l e a dop ti on w ou l d re su lt i n a n y s i g n i f i ca n t

e nv i r on m e n t a l im p ac t s. Th e r u l e i s i n t e nd e d t o a ll o w t h e D i s t r i c t t o c o ll ec t d a t a on ref i n er y

f l ar i n g t h r ou g h t h e im pos iti on o f m on it o r i n g re qu i re m e n t s. B eca us e t h e r u l e w ou l d no t im pos e

e mi ss i on c on t r o l re qu i re m e n t s, w h i c h a l w a y s h a v e so m e po t e n ti a l t o a lt er e mi ss i ons o r t ra ns fer

t h e m fr o m on e m e d i a t o a no t h er

, a nd b eca us e a n y n ece ss ar y c ons t r u c ti on w ou l d t a k e p l ace w it h i n

e x i s ti n g ref

i n er i e s, no a dv er s e e nv i r on m e n t a l im p ac t s are e x p ec t e d. Th e s t ud y d i d i d e n ti f

y t h e

c ons t r u c ti on w o r k re qu i re d t o i ns t a ll m on it o r s a s a sou rce o f po t e n ti a l e nv i r on m e n t a l im p ac t s.

H o w e v er , b eca us e o f t h e s afe t y re qu i re m e n t s t h a t g ov er n t h i s t yp e o f w o r k, t h e re g u l ar it y w it h

w h i c h s imil ar

ho t w o r k i s c ondu c t e d i n ref i n er i e s, a nd t h e c ons e qu e n t fa mili ar it y w it h a nd

p re p are dn e ss f

o r t h i s t yp e o f w o r k on t h e p ar t o f ref i n er y w o r k er s a nd c on t rac t o r s, t h e s t ud y

c on c l ud e d t h a t t h e p r opos e d r u l e w ou l d no t re su lt i n a n y s i g n i f i ca n t e nv i r on m e n t a l im p ac t s

t h r ou g h t h i s m ec h a n i s m

.36

A C E QA N e g a ti v e D ec l ara ti on i s p r opos e d f o r a dop ti on b y t h e B o ar d i n c onn ec ti on w it h t h e

a dop ti on o f t h e re v i s e d r u l e . Th e C E QA do c u m e n t w a s c i rc u l a t e d f o r pub li c c o mm e n t du r i n g t h e

p er i od fr o m A p r il 21, 2003 t o M a y 12, 2003. N o c o mm e n t s on t h e do c u m e n t w ere rece i v e d.



## R E G U L A TO R Y I MP A C T S

C a li f o r n i a H ea lt h a nd S afe t y C od e S ec ti on 40727.2 re qu i re t h e D i s t r i c t t o i d e n ti f y e x i s ti n g

fe d era l a i r po ll u ti on c on t r o l re qu i re m e n t s f o r t h e e qu i p m e n t o r sou rce t yp e affec t e d b y t h e

p r opos e d r u l e o r re g u l a ti on. Th e D i s t r i c t m us t t h e n no t e a n y d i ffere n ce s b e t w ee n t h e s e e x i s ti n g

re qu i re m e n t s a nd t h e re qu i re m e n t s im pos e d b y t h e p r opos e d r u l e

. T a b l e 7 i s a m a t r i x o f t h e

p r opos e d r u l e

, e x i s ti n g B a y Ar ea re g u l a ti ons, a nd fe d era l re qu i re m e n t s f o r f l are s.

T a b l e 7 : C o m p a r i so n o f R e g u l a t o r y R e qu i re m e n t s

A gency R egu l a ti on C on t ro l/ P er f or m ance

R equ i re m en ts Mon it or i ng

R equ i re m en ts E missi on

L imit a ti on s

BAAQ M D R e g . 2, R u l e 6

( T itl e V

pe r m it) Spec ifi c t o f ac ilit y and s ou r ce Spec ifi c t o f ac ilit y

and s ou r ce T h r ou g hpu t

li m it s

, v i s i b l e

e m i ss i on

BAAQ M D P r opo s ed

R e g . 12, R u l e

11 N o V o l u m e tri c fl o w

and co m po s iti on N o

E P A 40 C F R 60.18

( app li e s t o

fl a r e s s ub j ec t

t o N SPS ) P il o t fl a m e p r e s en t a t a ll ti m e s

,

hea t con t en t

, m ax i m

u m ti p

v e l oc it y

, s u lf

u r con t en t P r e s ence o f fl a m e,

hea ti n g v a l ue S m o k e l e ss

capac it y



### F ederal R equire m en ts

F e d era l N e w S ou rce P erf o r m a n ce S t a nd ar ds (N SPS ) i n 40 C F R P ar t 60, S ubp ar t A

, S ec ti on

60.18 a pp l y t o f

l are s t h a t are us e d a s g e n era l c on t r o l d e v i ce s. Th e y sp ec i f y d e s i g n a nd

op era ti on a l cr it er i a f

o r n e w a nd m od i f

i e d f l are s. Th e re qu i re m e n t s i n c l ud e m on it o r i n g t o e nsu re

t h a t f l are s are op era t e d a nd m a i n t a i n e d i n c on f o r m a n ce w it h t h e i r

d e s i g ns. F l are s are re qu i re d t o

b e m on it o re d f

o r t h e p re s e n ce o f a

p il o t f l a m e us i n g a t h er m o c oup l e o r e qu i v a l e n t d e v i ce

. O t h er

p ara m e t er s t o b e m on it o re d i n c l ud e v i s i b l e e mi ss i ons, e x it v e l o c it y a nd n e t h ea t c on t e n t o f t h e

g a s b e i n g c o m bus t e d b y t h e f l are

.

I n a dd iti on, t h e N SPS limit su l f u r o x i d e s i n v e n t g a s e s c o m bus t e d i n a f l are i ns t a ll e d af

t er J un e

11, 1973 ( 40 C F R P ar t 60, S ubp ar t J

, S ec ti on 60.104 )

. U ps e t g a s e s o r f u e l g a s t h a t i s re l ea s e d t o

t h e f l are a s a re su lt o f re li ef

v a l v e l ea k a g e , s t ar t up / shu t do w n, o r o t h er e m er g e n c y m a l f

un c ti ons i s

e x e m p t fr o m t h e s t a nd ar d.37



### D i st ri ct R equire m en ts

W it h i n t h e D i s t r i c t

, a

n e w e mi ss i on sou rce o r a m od i f i e d e x i s ti n g sou rce m us t m ee t t h e D i s t r i c t ’ s

N e w S ou rce R e v i e w (N SR ) re qu i re m e n t s. Th e N SR p r o g ra m re qu i re s t h e us e o f B e s t A v a il a b l e

C on t r o l T ec hno l o g y ( B A C T ) f o r n e w o r m od i f

i e d sou rce s t h a t h a v e t h e po t e n ti a l t o e mit 10

pounds p er

d a y o r m o re o f VO C

, car

bon m ono x i d e , o x i d e s o f

n it r o g e n, p ar ti c u l a t e m a tt er , o r

su l f u r d i o x i d e

. F o r f

l are s, B A C T re qu i re s a c on t r o l eff i c i e n c y o f 98 % f o r e l e v a t e d f

l are s a nd

98.5 % f o r g r ound f

l are s. O t h er

p er mit c ond iti ons are im pos e d on so m e f l are s. Th e s e c ond iti ons

m a y i n c l ud e t h r ou g hpu t limit s a nd rec o r d k ee p i n g t o do c u m e n t c o m p li a n ce

.

Th e p r opos e d r u l e w ou l d re qu i re c on ti nuous m on it o r i n g f o r vo l u m e a nd s a m p li n g o r t h e us e o f

c on ti nuous a n a l y z er s f

o r v e n t g a s c o m pos iti on. R ec o r d i n g o f v i d e o im a g e s o f f

l are s w ou l d b e

re qu i re d. Mon t h l y re po r t s o f f l o w

, c o m pos iti on, a nd o t h er d a t a w ou l d b e re qu i re d. F o r l ar g er

re l ea s e s ( ov er

1 milli on s t a nd ar d c ub i c fee t p er d a y )

, a re po r t on t h e tim e

, ca us e , du ra ti on, a nd

rea son f o r t h e f l ar i n g w ou l d b e re qu i re d.



## RU L E D EVE LO PME N T H I S TO R Y

Th e D i s t r i c t h a s b ee n carr y i n g ou t a c o m p l e x s t ud y o f f l are s a nd f

l ar i n g a t t h e B a y Ar ea ref i n er i e s

s i n ce J a nu ar y

2002. Th e s t ud y im p l e m e n t s f u r t h er s t ud y m ea su re F S

- 8 fr o m t h e 2001 B a y Ar ea

O z on e A tt a i n m e n t P l a n. I n t h e c ou r s e o f t h e s t ud y

, D i s t r i c t s t aff h a v e v i s it e d a ll f

i v e B a y Ar ea

ref i n er i e s nu m er ous tim e s, h a v e m e t w it h ref i n er y s t aff

, A R B a nd E P A s t aff

, a nd w it h

c o mm un it y g r oups i n ov er 50 m ee ti n g s t o d i s c uss i ssu e s re l a t e d t o f l ar i n g

.

A w o r k g r oup w a s f

o r m e d t o carr y

ou t t h e f u r t h er s t ud y . Th e w o r k g r oup i n c l ud e d re p re s e n t a ti v e s

fr o m C a li f

o r n i a A i r R e sou rce s B o ar d, I ndus t r y

, C o mm un iti e s f o r a B e tt er

Env i r on m e n t

, a nd

D i s t r i c t S t aff . Th e Env i r on m e n t a l P r o t ec ti on A g e n c y a nd o t h er a i r d i s t r i c t s, i n c l ud i n g t h e S ou t h

C o a s t AQ M D a nd t h e S a n J o a qu i n V a ll e y U n i f i e d A PC D p ar ti c i p a t e d a t v ar i ous l e v e l s

t h r ou g hou t t h e p r o

j ec t . Th e w o r k g r oup h a s m e t p er i od i ca ll y s i n ce J a nu ar y

2002 t o d i s c uss

t ec hn i ca l i ssu e s. A m on g t hos e i ssu e s h a v e b ee n f l are m on it o r i n g i ssu e s su c h a s f l o w m on it o r i n g

a nd a v a il a b l e t ec hno l o g i e s a nd c o m pos iti on m on it o r i n g m e t hods.

I n M a y 2002, t h e D i s t r i c t c ondu c t e d a n i n f o r m a ti on a l pub li c m ee ti n g t o g a t h er i npu t on t h e

D i s t r i c t ’ s p l a ns t o im p l e m e n t t h e c o mmitm e n t s i n t h e o z on e a tt a i n m e n t p l a n. I n A u g us t 2002,

D i s t r i c t s t aff

h e l d a w o r kshop i n M ar ti n e z t o d i s c uss f l are m on it o r i n g c on ce p t s. A t t h i s

w o r kshop, c o mm un it y m e m b er s i nd i ca t e d t h a t t h e y w ou l d li k e t o s ee a r u l e t h a t re qu i re d f l o w

m on it o r i n g

, c o m pos iti on m on it o r i n g

, re po r ti n g re qu i re m e n t s, a nd v i d e o m on it o r i n g

.

Th ree c o mm un it y m ee ti n g s w ere h e l d i n M arc h a nd A p r il 2003. Af t er t h e c o mm un it y m ee ti n g s,

a d raf t r u l e w a s c i rc u l a t e d f

o r a sho r t c o mm e n t p er i od e nd i n g A p r il 17, 2003. E x t e ns i v e

c o mm e n t s w ere rece i v e d fr o m W SP A

, C o mm un iti e s f o r a B e tt er

Env i r on m e n t

, a nd ref

i n er y t ra d e

un i ons. O n A p r il 16, 2003, t h e p r opos e d r u l e w a s d i s c uss e d b ef o re t h e S t a ti on ar y S ou rce

C o mmitt ee

. A f

l are w o r k g r oup m ee ti n g w a s t h e n h e l d on A p r il 18, 2003. Th e m ee ti n g w a s

a tt e nd e d b y re p re s e n t a ti v e s f o r v ar i ous ref

i n er i e s, W SP A

, C B E, t h e ref i n er y t ra d e un i ons,

m on it o r i n g e qu i p m e n t v e ndo r s, A R B

, a nd D i s t r i c t s t aff

. B a s e d on t h e d raf t a nd t h e s e f

u r t h er38

d i s c uss i ons, t h e p r opos e d r u l e w a s d e v e l op e d a nd s e n t t o t h e A i r R e sou rce s B o ar d on A p r il 21,

2003. D i s c uss i ons c on ti nu e d on M a y 8, 2003 w it h a

s ec ond f l are w o r k g r oup m ee ti n g

. Af t er t h e

s ec ond m ee ti n g

, m od i f

i ca ti ons t o t h e p r opos e d r u l e w ere d e v e l op e d a nd c i rc u l a t e d a m on g a ll

w ho p ar ti c i p a t e d i n t h e m ee ti n g

. Af t er d i s c uss i on w it h m e m b er s o f t h e w o r k g r oup, s t aff

p re p are d t h e re v i s e d r u l e

.



## D I S T R I C T S T A FF I MP A C T S

I m p l e m e n t a ti on o f t h e p r opos e d re g u l a ti on w ill h a v e a s i g n i f i ca n t im p ac t on t h e D i s t r i c t ’ s

re sou rce s. H o w e v er

, t h e s e c h a n g e s are e ss e n ti a l a nd n ece ss ar y i n o r d er t o s a ti s f y t h e

c o mmitm e n t s i n t h e B a y Ar ea 2001 O z on e A tt a i n m e n t P l a n.

Th e p r opos e d re g u l a ti on w ill re qu i re t h e i ns t a ll a ti on o f m on it o r s. Th e D i s t r i c t w ill h a v e t o

e x erc i s e ov er s i g h t f

o r t h e s e m on it o r s i n a m a nn er s imil ar t o t h a t us e d t o ov er s ee c on ti nuous

e mi ss i on m on it o r s ( C EM ) . Th e re sou rce s re qu i re d are s imil ar

, a nd w ill re qu i re D i s t r i c t s t aff t o

v er i f y t h e i ns t a ll a ti on o f m on it o r i n g e qu i p m e n t

, c ondu c t acc u rac y t e s t s o r e nsu re t h a t t h e y are

c ondu c t e d, re v i e w m on t h l y re po r t s, p erf o r m c o m p li a n ce i nsp ec ti ons, a nd i nv e s ti g a t e f l ar i n g

i n c i d e n t s.

Mon t h l y re po r t s on f

l ar i n g w ill b e re qu i re d. Th e s e re po r t s w ill h a v e t o b e re v i e w e d b y D i s t r i c t

s t aff . Th e D i s t r i c t e x p ec t s t o c on ti nu e t o i nv e s ti g a t e s i g n i f i ca n t f l ar i n g e v e n t s. Th i s w ou l d no t

re p re s e n t a c h a n g e fr o m t h e m od e l us e d i n t h e f u r t h er s t ud y m ea su re f

o r f l are s. A f l ar i n g e v e n t

w a s d ef i n e d f o r t h e s t ud y a s a n y f

l o w ov er 1,000,000 s t a nd ar d c ub i c fee t p er d a y t o a f l are . Th e

r u l e re qu i re s a n i nv e s ti g a ti on t h a t i s i n c l ud e d i n t h e m on t h l y re po r t fr o m t h e ref i n er y w h e n e v er

d a il y vo l u m e e x cee ds 1,000,000 s t a nd ar d c ub i c fee t

. D u r i n g t h e f u r t h er s t ud y p er i od, t h e tim e

re qu i re d t o i nv e s ti g a t e e v e n t s v ar i e d, w a s d e p e nd a n t on t h e c o m p l e x it y o f op era ti ons, a nd ra n g e d

fr o m l e ss t h a n a n hou r t o hund re ds o f hou r s. Th i s w o r k l o a d w ill d imi n i sh a s f l ar i n g d ecrea s e s (a s

it i s c u rre n tl y ) a nd a s m o re d a t a b ec o m e s a v a il a b l e w it h n e w m on it o r s i n p l ace

.



## C O NC L U S IO N

P r opos e d R e g u l a ti on 12, R u l e 11, F l are Mon it o r i n g a t P e t r o l e u m R ef i n er i e s, w ill im p l e m e n t

c on t r o l m ea su re SS

- 15 fr o m t h e B a y Ar ea 2001 O z on e A tt a i n m e n t P l a n. Th e r u l e i s i n t e nd e d t o

g a t h er d a t a on f l ar i n g op era ti ons a t p e t r o l e u m ref i n er i e s.

P u r su a n t t o t h e H ea lt h a nd S afe t y C od e S ec ti on 40727, n e w re g u l a ti ons m us t m ee t n ece ss it y

,

a u t ho r it y

, c l ar it y

, c ons i s t e n c y , non

- dup li c it y a nd refere n ce . Th e p r opos e d re g u l a ti on i s :

• N ece ss ar y t o im p l e m e n t c on t r o l m ea su re SS

- 15 i n t h e B a y Ar ea 2001 O z on e A tt a i n m e n t

P l a n ;

• A u t ho r i z e d b y C a li f

o r n i a H ea lt h a nd S afe t y C od e S ec ti on 40702 ;

• Cl ear

, i n t h a t t h e n e w re g u l a ti on sp ec i f i ca ll y d e li n ea t e s t h e affec t e d i ndus t r y

, c o m p li a n ce

op ti ons a nd a d mi n i s t ra ti v e re qu i re m e n t s f o r i ndus t r y

sub j ec t t o t h i s r u l e ;

• C ons i s t e n t w it h o t h er D i s t r i c t r u l e s, a nd no t i n c on f li c t w it h s t a t e o r fe d era l l a w ;39

• N on

- dup li ca ti v e o f

o t h er s t a t u t e s, r u l e s o r re g u l a ti ons ; a nd

• Th e p r opos e d re g u l a ti on p r op er l y refere n ce s t h e a pp li ca b l e D i s t r i c t r u l e s a nd t e s t m e t hods

a nd do e s no t refere n ce o t h er e x i s ti n g l a w

.40 

## R E F E R E NC ES

B a y Ar ea A i r Q u a lit y

M a n a g e m e n t D i s t r i c t . 2001. Ba y Ar e a 2001 O zon e A tt a i n m e n t P l an

,

a dop t e d O c t ob er

24, 2001. S a n F ra n c i s c o, C A

.

. 1990. BAA QMD F l ar e G as M on it or i ng : M

ar c h 1988 t hrough D ece m b e r 1989

. S a n

F ra n c i s c o, C A

.

C a li f o r n i a A i r R e sou rce s B o ar d ( C A R B )

. C A R B B o ar d R e so l u ti on N o. 86

- 80. S acra m e n t o, C A

.

S a n J o a qu i n V a ll e y U n i f

i e d A i r P o ll u ti on C on t r o l D i s t r i c t ( S J VUA PC D) . 2002. R u l e 4311,

F l are s, a dop t e d on J un e 20, 2002. F re sno, C A

.

S a n t a B ar b ara A i r P o ll u ti on C on t r o l D i s t r i c t ( S B A PC D) . 1994. R u l e 359, F l are s a nd Th er m a l

O x i d i z er s, a dop t e d on J un e 28, 1994. S a n t a B ar b ara

, C A

.

S ou t h C o a s t A i r Q u a lit y

M a n a g e m e n t D i s t r i c t R u l e . 1998. R u l e 1118 B o ar d P ac k a g e

, F e b r u ar y

13, 1998. L os A n g e l e s, C A

.

U

. S . Env i r on m e n t a l P r o t ec ti on A g e n c y . 1998. Dr af t C o m p li a n ce A ssu ra n ce Mon it o r i n g R u l e

, T ec hn i ca l R efere n ce F o r

Mon it o r i n g Equ i p m e n t A nd I ns t r u m e n t s, S ec ti on 4.0, A u g us t

17, 1998. W a sh i n g t on, D

. C

. (a v a il a b l e on t h e w e b a t

h tt p :// www

. e p a

. g ov /tt n e m c 01 / ca m/ s ec 4

- 5.pd f)

. A i r P o ll u ti on T ec hno l o g y F ac t sh ee t: F l are

. W a sh i n g t on, D

. C

. (a v a il a b l e on t h e w e b a t

h tt p :// www

. e p a

. g ov /tt n / ca t c / d i r 1 / ff l are .pd f)

. A i r P o ll u ti on T ec hno l o g y F ac t sh ee t: Th er m a l I n c i n era t o r

. W a sh i n g t on, D

. C

. (a v a il a b l e

on t h e w e b a t h tt p :// www

. e p a

. g ov /tt n / ca t c / d i r 1 / f t h er m a l .pd f)41



## C O MME N T S A ND R ESP O N SES

Th e f o ll o w i n g wr itt e n c o mm e n t s w ere rece i v e d du r i n g t h e r u l e d e v e l op m e n t p r o ce ss f o r t h e

p r opos e d f

l are m on it o r i n g r u l e . Th e s e c o mm e n t s a nd re spons e s refer t o t h e r u l e p re p are d a nd

m a d e a v a il a b l e w it h t h e pub li c no ti ce f o r t h e M a y

21s t h ear i n g a s t h e “ p r opos e d r u l e

. ” Th i s i s i n

k ee p i n g w it h s t a nd ar d t er mi no l o g y us e d b y A R B

, a i r

d i s t r i c t s, a nd t h e H ea lt h a nd S afe t y C od e

( §§40725, 40726 ) . Th e re v i s e d v er s i on o f t h e r u l e no w p r opos e d f o r a dop ti on i s ca ll e d t h e

“re v i s e d r u l e

. ” E ar li er

d raf t s o f t h e r u l e are ca ll e d “ear li er d raf t s. ” Th e s e c o mm e n t s w ere m a d e

on a n ear li er

d raf t t h a t p rece d e d t h e p r opos e d r u l e . M a n y o f t h e c o mm e n t s w ere a dd re ss e d i n t h e

p r opos e d r u l e o r i n t h e re v i s e d r u l e t h a t s t aff i s rec o mm e nd i n g f o r a dop ti on b y t h e B o ar d.



### W ri tt en C o mm en ts R e c ei v ed D uring C o mm uni t y M ee t ing s

Th e D i s t r i c t h e l d t h ree c o mm un it y m ee ti n g s i n M arc h a nd A p r il 2003 t o d i s c uss r u l e c on ce p t s.

D u r i n g o r af

t er t h e s e m ee ti n g s, t h e D i s t r i c t rece i v e d t h e f o ll o w i n g wr itt e n c o mm e n t s re l a t e d t o a n

ear li er r u l e d raf

t

.

1

. Th e dr a ft ru l e a ll o w s r e f i n e r i es t o c hoo se on ce p e r d a y sa mp li ng a nd sk i p

mon i t or i ng g as c ompo s i t i on f or t h e r es t o f t h e d a y

. R e f i n e r i es a r e on l y

r e qu i r e d t o sa mp l e g as c ompo s i t i on dur i ng 60 m i nu t e p e r i od s excee d i ng

50

, 000 c ub i c f ee t o f g ases f l o w i ng t o t h e f l a r e

. Th i s l oopho l e a ll o w s eac h

f l a r e t o sk i p mon i t or i ng t h e g as c ompo s i t i on o f o v e r a m illi on c ub i c f ee t p e r

d a y o f g ases ( 49

, 000 c ub i c f ee t X 23 hour s )

. <M a y

, C ommun i t i es f or a

B e tt e r E n v i ronm e n t (CB E ) . E

- m a il. 3 / 27/ 03 >

F o r t he s a m p li ng op t i on t o w h i c h t he c o mm en t r

e f e r s , t he ea rli e r d r a ft r u l e s e t a

t ri gge r t ha t r equ ir ed s a m p li ng w hen t he v o l u m e o f v

en t ga s m ea s u r

ed du ri ng a

60

- m i nu t e pe ri od e xc eeded 50

, 000 s t

anda r d c ub i c f ee t o f ga s . B a s ed i

n pa r t on

a c on c e r n e x p r e ss ed i n ea rli e r c o mm en t

s , t he t ri gge r w a s r e v i s ed do w n w a r d i n

t he p r opo s ed r u l e and s ub s equen t

l y i n t he r e v i s ed r u l e no w r e c o mm ended

f o r

adop t i on

. T he r e v i s ed t ri gge r t ha t s t a ff r e c o mm end i

s i den t i c a l t o t he t ri gge r i n

t he S ou t h C oa s t AQ MD r

u l e ( w h i c h r equ ir e s s a m p li ng w hen f l o w s c on t i nuou s l y

e xc eed 330 c ub i

c f ee t pe r m i

nu t e f o r 15 m i nu t e s )

.

N o t e t ha t a ll v en t ga s m u s t be m on i t

o r ed f o r f l o w v o l u me r ega r d l e ss o f t he

m ean s u s ed

t o de t e r m i ne c o m po s i t i on . If s a m

p li ng i s u s ed f o r m on i t o ri ng v en t

ga s c o m po s i t i on

, i t i s i m po r t an t t ha t t he t ri gge r be s e t a t s o m e m i n i m u m f l o w t ha t

r ep r e s en t s a c t ua l f l o w t o t he f l a r e s o t ha t f a l s e po s i t i v e r ead i ng s a r e a v o i ded

. T he ea rli e r d r a ft r u l e t o w h i c h t h i s c o mm en t w

a s d ir e c t ed s e t a t

ri gge r t ha t w a s

ba s ed on an a ss u m

p t i on t ha t u l t r a s on i c f l o w m e t e r s c ou l d no t r e li ab l y m ea s u r

e

f l a r e f l o w s a t be l o w 1 f oo t pe r s e c ond

. T he r e v i s ed t ri gge r i s ba s ed on an

a ss u m p t i on t ha t t he r e i s adequa t

e r e li ab ili t y e v en a t app r

o x i m a t e l y 0

. 5 f oo t pe r

s e c ond

.42

A s d i sc u ss ed i

n t he s t a ff r epo r t ( s ee d i sc u ss i on o f S e c t

i on 12

- 11

- 502

)

, l a r ge f l a r e

heade r s a r e s ub j e c t t o v a ri ou s e ff e c t s t ha t p r odu c e l o w v e l o c i t y c u rr en t s w i t h i n

t he heade r

t ha t do no t r

ep r e s en t f l o w t o t he f l a r e

. W i t h a t ri gge r l o w e r t han

app r o x i m a t e l y 0

. 5 f oo t pe r s e c ond

, m e t e r a cc u r a cy i s l o w e r

, and l o w

- v e l o c i t y

f l o w s t ha t do no t r

ep r e s en t f l o w t o t he f l a r e m a y be en c oun t

e r ed

. T he r e s u l t i s

t ha t f l o w m a y be i

nd i c a t ed w he r e none e x i s t s (i

. e

., a f a l s e po s i t i v e f l o w ) . If

s a m p l e s a r e t hen t a k en , t he s e “ no f l o w ” s a m p l e s w ill b i a s r e s u l t s

.

2

. Th e dr a ft ru l e a ll o w s hug e f l o w s o f g ases t o go unmon i t or e d b eca u se t h e

r e f i n e r i es a r e a ll o w e d t o sk i p m eas ur i ng f l o w s b e l o w 0

. 5 ft ./ sec

. <M a y

, CB E. 3/27/03 >

T he r u l e r equ ir e s a ll f l o w s t o be m ea s u r

ed and r epo r t ed ( s ee S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 401 )

. T he c o mm en t i

s a r e s pon s e t o S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 501

, w

h i c h s pe c i f i e s a s e ri e s o f

r equ ir e m en t s f o r an y de v

i c e u s ed t o m ea s u r

e f l o w . O ne o f t

he s pe c i f i c a t i on s i s

t ha t t he m e t e r m u s t m ea s u r

e t he r ange o f f l o w c o rr e s pond i ng t o v e l o c i t i e s f r o m

0

. 5 t o 275 f ee t pe r s e c ond

. T h i s i s a de v i c e s pe c i f i c a t i on and no t a li

m i t a t i on on

t he r epo r t i ng o t he r w i s e r equ ir ed b y S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 401 . A n u l t

r a s on i c m e t e r t ha t

m ee t s t he s pe c i f i c a t i on i s c apab l e o f r epo r t i ng da t a on f l o w do w n t o i t s li m i t o f

de t e c t i on

. T he s pe c i f i c a t i on i s de ri v ed f r o m li t e r a t u r e f r o m P ana m e t ri cs

. T he

Pana m e t

ri cs m e t e r i s c apab l e o f de t e c t i ng f l o w do w n t o 0

. 1 f ee t pe r s e c ond

. A s

no t ed abo v e

, ho w e v e r , t he s e l o w v e l o c i t y f l o w s m a y no t r

ep r e s en t f l o w t o t he

f l a r e

.

3

. Th e dr a ft ru l e a ll o w s poor qu a li t y ass ur a n ce pro ce dur es

, s u c h as

“ e ng i n ee r i ng ca l c u l a t i on s ” or “o t h e r f l o w mon i t or i ng d e v i ces or pro cess

mon i t or s ” f or d e t e rm i n i ng w h e t h e r [f l o w ] mon i t or i ng e qu i pm e n t i s w or k i ng

r i gh t

. <M a y

, CB E. 3/27/03 >

Ul t r a s on i c f l o w m e t e r s a r e s t a t e

- o f

- t he

- a r t de v i c e s f o r m ea s u ri

ng f l o w

. T he y a r e

e x t r e m e l y a cc u r a t e o v e r a w i de r ange o f f l o w s

, a r e r obu s t w i t h no m o v

i ng pa r t s

, and a r e p r o v en i n s e r v i c e

. T he y a r e w i de l y u s ed a s c u s t

od y t r an s f e r m e t e r s t o

p ri c e l a r ge v o l u m e s o f na t u r

a l ga s a t s a l

e . S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 506

. 3 a lr

ead y r equ ir e s

p r ope r c a li b r a t i on and m a i

n t enan c e

. T

he v e ri f i c a t i on p r o c edu r e s i n c l uded i

n t he

r u l e a r e i ne v i t ab l y l e ss a cc u r

a t e m ean s o f m ea s u ri

ng f l o w

, bu t a r e i n c l uded i

n t he

r u l e a s a c he ck on

t he m e t e r s t o a v o i d g r o ss e rr o r s s u c h a s m i

gh t c o m e

f r o m

m i s i n t e r p r e t i ng t he r ange s e tt

i ng o r un i t

s r ep r e s en t ed b y t he m e t e r d i s p l a y o r

ou t pu t.



### W ri tt en C o mm en ts R e c ei v ed D uring W ri tt en C o mm en t Period

F o ll o w i n g t h e c o m p l e ti on o f t h e c o mm un it y m ee ti n g s, t h e D i s t r i c t p re p are d a re v i s e d d raf t a nd

m a d e it

, a d raf t s t aff re po r t

, a nd a

d raf t C E QA i n iti a l s t ud y a v a il a b l e f o r pub li c c o mm e n t . Th e

c o mm e n t p er i od ra n fr o m A p r il 7 – 17, 2003. Th e f o ll o w i n g c o mm e n t s w ere rece i v e d.43

4

. W h a t d a t a / mon i t or i ng i s n ee d e d f or propo s i ng ru l e

- m ak i ng? < Pa r t n e r s h i p

f or P ub li c H ea l t h , E n v i ronm e n t a l H ea l t h C omm i tt ee ( PP H)

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

F o r an y r u l e m a k i ng , t he Di s t ri c t m u s t m a k

e a nu m be r o f f

i nd i ng s r equ ir ed b y

C a li f o r n i a H ea l t h and S a f e t y C ode s e c t

i on 40727

. F i nd i ng s o f ne c e ss i t

y and

au t ho ri t y a r e a m ong t he r equ ir ed f i nd i ng s

. F o r t h i s r u l e m a k i ng ( f l a r e m on i t o ri ng )

, t h i s s t a ff r epo r t s e r v e s a s t he ba s i s f o r t he ne c e ss a r

y f i nd i ng s

.

5

. W h a t i s t h e n a t ur e o f t h e d i sc r e p a n c i es b e t w ee n t h e A i r D i s t r i c t

assess m e n t a nd t h e assess m e n t f rom t h e r e f i n e r i es ? H o w w ill t h ese

d i sc r e p a n c i es b e a ddr esse d? W h a t i s t h e a v e nu e f or m ea n i ng f u l pub li c

p a r t i c i p a t i on i n t h i s pro cess ? < PP H

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

T he m a j o r d i ff e r en c e s be t w

een t he Di s t ri c t 's Dr a ft T e c hn i c a l A ss e ss m en t

D o c u m en t and da t

a s ub m i tt

ed b y t he r e f i ne ri e s a r e i n t he h y d r o c a r bon c on t en t

and v o l u m e o f ga s e s

f l a r ed

. T he s e d i ff e r en c e s w ill be add

r e ss ed t h r ough t he

ongo i ng t e c hn i c a l a ss e ss m en t p r

o c e ss f o r f l a r e s

. T he pub li c c an pa r

t i c i pa t e

t h r ough t he f l a r e w o r k g r oup o r b y c o mm en t

i ng on t he t e c hn i c a l a ss e ss m en t

do c u m en t a s r

e v i s ed

.

6

. I s rou t i n e f l a r i ng l e g a l ? I f no t

, w h a t do es t h e A i r D i s t r i c t p l a n t o do a bou t

t h ese f l a r es ( i. e

. ; f i n es

, cease a nd d es i s t ord e r s

, c on t ro l m eas ur es )

. < PP H

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

U nde r c e r t a i n c ir c u m s t an c e s r ou t i ne f l a ri ng m a y r e s u l t i n a v i o l a t i on o f F ede r a l

s t anda r d s ( 40 C

. F

. R . S e c t i on 60

. 104 (

a )( 1 )) . S u c h a de t

e r m i na t i on i s ba s ed

upon t he f a c t ua l c ir

c u m s t an c e s i n an y g i v

en f l a ri ng e v en t. B e c au s e

t he pu r po s e

o f t he c u rr en t r egu l a t i on i s t o ga t he r da t a and m on i t

o r e m i ss i on s , t h i s que s t i on

m a y be be tt

e r an s w e r ed i n ano t he r f o r u m

.

7

. W h a t mon i t or i ng t ec hno l og y i s c urr e n t l y a v a il a b l e ? W h a t i s t h e b es t w a y t o

mon i t or? < PP H

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

F o r f l a r e ga s f l o w r a t e ( c ub i c f ee t pe r m i

nu t e o f ga s v

en t ed t o t he f l a r e ) , t he

c u rr en t s t a t e

- o f

- t he

- a r t m on i t o ri ng t e c hno l og y i s u l t r a s on i c f l o w m e t e r s

. F o r f l a r e

ga s c o m po s i t i on , t he r e a r e v a ri ou s m e t hod s

, i n c l ud i ng t a k i ng g r ab s a m p l e s t o be

ana l y z ed i n a l abo r a t o r y

, c on t i nuou s ga s c h r

o m a t og r aph s t ha t c o ll e c t and

ana l y z e a s a m p l e e v e r y 15 m i nu t e s

, and c on t

i nuou s m on i t

o r s t ha t m ea s u r

e

m e t hane , t o t a l h y d r o c a r bon s

, and s u l

f u r c o m pound s

. T he r e a r e ad v an t age s and

d i s ad v an t age s f o r ea c h m on i t

o ri ng m e t hod . G r ab s a m p li ng and s ub s equen t l

ab

ana l ys i s i s s i m p l e bu t l abo r i n t en s i v e

, p r o v i de s a “ s nap s ho t ” o f c o m

po s i t i on f o r

t he i n s t an t w hen i t w a s t a k en

, bu t i s no t a v a il ab l e un t il hou r s a ft e r t he s a m p l e

w a s t a k en

. C on t

i nuou s ga s c h r

o m a t og r aph s a r e c o m p li c a t ed

, r equ ir e c o m p l e x

s a m p l e c ond i t i on i ng sys t e m s

, m a y need m u c h m a i n t enan c e

, bu t p r

o v i de v e r y

de t a il ed c o m po s i t i on i n f o r m a t i on e v e r y 15 m i nu t e s

. C on t

i nuou s m on i t

o r s f o r

m e t hane , t o t a l h y d r o c a r bon s

, and s u l

f u r c o m pound s a l s o r equ ir e c o m p l e x44

s a m p l e c ond i t i on i ng sys t e m s bu t p r

o v i de c on t i nuou s c o m

po s i t i on i n f o r m a t i on f o r

t he s e c o m

pound s

.

8

. W h a t do es mon i t or i ng t e ll u s f rom a n ex po s ur e s t a ndpo i n t a nd f rom a

h ea l t h e ff ec t s s t a ndpo i n t ? Th a t i s

, ho w mu c h ex po s ur e i s t h e c ommun i t y

g e tt i ng a nd i s t h i s h a rm f u l t o t h e h ea l t h o f t h e c ommun i t y m e mb e r s ? I s

t h e r e a n y a dd i t i on a l c on ce rn f or t ho se w ho a r e c hron i ca ll y ill, a r e

c h e m i ca ll y se n s i t i v e

, t h e y oung a nd t h e e l d e r l y ? < PP H

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

F l a r e m on i t o ri ng f o r f l o w r a t e and f l a r e ga s c o m

po s i t i on w ill p r o v i de da t a t ha t c an

be u s ed t o c a l c u l a t e e m i ss i on s

. Di s pe r s i on m ode l

s c an be u s ed

t o c a l c u l a t e t he

a ir qua li t y i m pa c t o f t he f l a r e e m i ss i on s

. T he s e a ir qua li t

y i m pa c t s c an t hen be

u s ed t o e s t i m a t e e x po s u r e

. H ea l t h p r o f e ss i ona l s c an e v a l ua t e t he hea l t h

i m pa c t s . G ene r

a ll y s pea k i ng

, y oung c h il

d r en , t he e l de rl y

, and t ho s e w i t h

r e s p ir a t o r y ill ne ss a r e m o r e s en s i t i v e t o a ir po ll u t

i on t han hea l t

h y adu l t s

.

9

. A r e a ll f l a r es mon i t or e d? For i n s t a n ce

, a r e t h e r e r ec ord s o f s p ec i f i c d a t es

a nd t i m es o f f l a r i ng i n c i d e n t s o v e r t h e l as t f e w mon t h s ? < PP H

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

T he i n f o r m a t i on a v a il ab l e t oda y i s li m i t ed

. T he Di s t ri c t ha s been c ondu c t

i ng a

s t ud y o f f l a ri ng w i t h t he a v a il ab l e da t a and ha s po s t

ed on i t s w eb s i t e

( www

. baaq m d

. go v) p r e li m i na r y f l a ri ng da t a c o v e ri ng t he pe ri od f r o m J anua r y

2001 t o A ugu s t 2002

. T

h i s da t a i s p r e li m i na r y and i n m an y c a s e s r

e li e s upon

a ss u m p t i on s t ha t m a y be r

e v i s ed

. W i t h ne w f l a r e m on i t o ri ng t e c hno l og y

, m u c h

m o r e r e li ab l e i n f o r m a t i on w ill be a v a il ab l e

.

10

. W h e n f l a r es a r e mon i t or e d

, ho w qu i ck l y i s t h e mon i t or i ng i n f orm a t i on

a v a il a b l e t o r es i d e n t s ? W h a t i s t h e A i r D i s t r i c t p l a n f or pub li c no t i f i ca t i on?

< PP H

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

R e f i ne ri e s w ill be r equ ir ed t o p r o v i de t he Di s t ri c t w i t h a m on t h l y r epo r t f o r ea c h

f l a r e t ha t w ill i n c l ude f l o w and c o m

po s i t i on da t a

. T he Di s t ri c t ha s no t y

e t

de t e r m i ned ho w be s t t

o p r o v i de t h i s i n f o r m a t i on t o t he pub li c

, bu t i s c on s i de ri ng

t he u s e o f i t

s w eb s i t e and pe r

hap s o t he r m ean s

.

11

. W h a t i s t h e br eak do w n o f t h e e m i ss i on s ? W h a t s p ec i f i c c h e m i ca l s a r e

mon i t or e d a nd w h a t c h e m i ca l s t h a t a r e e m i tt e d a r e no t mon i t or e d? W h y

a r e n ’ t a ll c h e m i ca l s mon i t or e d? < PP H

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

E m i ss i on s c o m e

f r o m t w o p ri m a r y m e c han i

s m s : o x i da t i on o f f l a r e ga s e s t o o t he r

c o m pound s and i n c o m p l e t e c o m bu s t

i on t ha t a ll o w s a s m a ll po r

t i on o f t he f l a r e

ga s t o pa ss t h r ough t he f l a r e un c o m bu s t

ed

. F l a r e ga s i s gene r a ll y c o m po s ed

p ri m a ril y o f m e t hane

, non

- m e t

hane h y d r o c a r bon s

, n i t r ogen

, and h y

d r ogen w i t h

s m a ll a m oun t

s o f o t he r c o m pound s

, i n c l ud i ng s u l f u r c o m pound s

. T he p ri m a r y

c o m bu s t i on p r odu c t s a r e c a r bon d i o x i de and w

a t e r

, bu t s u l f u r c o m pound s a r e

o x i d i z ed t o o x i de s o f s u l

f u r

. T he f l a r e m on i t o ri ng r u l e f o c u s e s on c o m

po s i t i on

m on i t o ri ng f o r m e t hane , t o t a l h y d r o c a r bon s

, and s u l

f u r c o m pound s be c au s e45

t he s e c o m

pound s f o r m o z one and s u l

f u r d i o x i de

, and hea l t

h

- ba s ed a m b i

en t a ir

s t anda r d s ha v e been e s t

ab li s hed f o r bo t h po ll u t an t s

.

12

. H o w l ong w ill i t b e b e f or e t h e A i r D i s t r i c t i mp l e m e n t s m eas ur es t h a t w ill

r e du ce t h e a moun t o f po ll u t i on b e i ng d i sc h a rg e d b y f l a r es ? < PP H

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

T he Di s t ri c t i s c u rr en t l y c o m p l e t i ng i t s s t ud y o f f l a r e s and e x pe c t s t o de t e r m i ne b y

s u mm e r ho w i t w

ill m o v e f o r w a r d t o r edu c e f l a ri ng

. T he r e f i ne ri e s ha v e a lr ead y

s i gn i f i c an t l y r edu c ed f l a ri ng f r o m 2001 and 2002 l

e v e l s

.

13

. H o w w ill t h e i n f orm a t i on a nd i npu t b e g a t h e r e d f rom t h i s a nd o t h e r

m ee t i ng s a nd f rom mon i t or i ng b e u se d i n ru l e

- m ak i ng r e g a rd i ng f l a r i ng?

W h a t i s t h e t i m e li n e f or ru l e

- m ak i ng? H o w ca n r es i d e n t s b e i n v o l v e d i n

t h i s pro cess ? < PP H

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

I n f o r m a t i on p r o v i ded f r o m t he pub li c t h r ough t he c o mm en t pe ri

od

, pub li c

hea ri ng s and o t

he r s ub m i tt

a l s and m ee t

i ng s ha v e been c on s i

de r ed i n d r a ft i ng t he

Di s t ri c t 's f i na l m on i t

o ri ng p r opo s a l

. W e a r e s t ill w o r k i ng on t he f l a r e s t ud y t ha t

w ill de t e r m i ne t he ne x t s t ep s r ega r d i ng po t en t i a l c on t r o l s on f l a r e s

. T hough t he

da t a w e ha v e de v e l oped t h r ough t he s t ud y m a y no t ha v

e t he p r e c i s i on o f t he

da t a t ha t w ill c o m e f r o m t he ne w m on i t

o r s

, i t s hou l

d be adequa t

e t o gu i de t he

Di s t ri c t 's de c i s i on abou t c on t

r o l s

. T he Di s t ri c t e x pe c t s t ha t, i f t he s t ud y

c on c l ude s

t ha t c on t r o l s a r e a v a il ab l e , t he r u l e de v e l op m en t e ff

o r t t o i m po s e

c on t r o l s w ou l d be c on c l uded b

y t he end o f 2003

. T

he Di s t ri c t w ill aga i n c on s i de r

c o mm en t

s t ha t ha v e a lr ead y been r e c e i v ed r ega r d i ng c on t r o l s

, and r e s i den t s w ill

aga i n be i n v i t ed t o pa r t i c i pa t e and c o mm en t i

n t he f l a r e c on t r o l r u l e m a k i ng

p r o c e ss

.

14

. A r e y ou do c um e n t i ng eac h o f our qu es t i on s ? H o w a r e y ou go i ng t o

r es pond t o t h e c ommun i t y c on ce rn s ? < A s t hm a C ommun i t y A d v o ca t e

( A C A )

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

T he Di s t ri c t i s c on s i de ri ng a ll c o mm en t

s and r e s pond i ng t o a ll w ri tt en c o mm en t

s

. T he p r opo s ed r u l e i n c o r po r a t e s m an y c o mm un i t

y s ugge s t

i on s

.

15

. W ill t h e r e b e a t i m e li n e f or c r ea t i ng a nd i mp l e m e n t i ng t h e ru l e ? < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

T he Di s t ri c t B oa r d o f Dir e c t o r s w ill c ondu c t a pub li

c hea ri ng on M a y 21

, 2003 a t

w h i c h i t w ill c on s i de r adop t

i on o f t he r u l e

.

16

. A r e t h e r e a n y c on se qu e n ces f or t h e r e f i n e r i es i f t h e d es i gn a t e d t i m e li n e i s

no t m a i n t a i n e d? (f i n es

, e t c

. ) < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

Ye s

. F a il u r e t o m ee t r u l e r equ ir e m en t s w ou l d be a v i o l a t i on o f t he r u l e s ub j e c t t o

po t en t i a l en f o r c e m en t a c t

i on and pena l t

i e s

.46

17

. A r e t h e r e f i n e r i es go i ng t o b e a ll o w e d t o c on t i nu e t o u se f l a r es f or p l a nn e d

a nd rou t i n e u se ? < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

T he p r opo s ed f l a r e m on i t o ri ng r u l e doe s no t i

m po s e r e s t ri c t i on s on f l a r e u s e

. C on s i de r a t i on o f f l a r e c on t r o l s i s a s epa r

a t e p r o c e ss . S ee r

e s pon s e t o c o mm en t

#13

.

18

. H o w w ill non

- acc i d e n t a l u ses o f f l a r es b e r e gu l a t e d a nd mon i t or e d? < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

T he p r opo s ed r u l e w ou l d r equ ir e m on i t o ri ng o f a ll f l a ri ng e v en t s f r o m f l a r e s

s ub j e c t t o t he r u l e

, a cc i den t a l o r no t. A l

s o s ee r e s pon s e #17

.

19

. H o w w ill t h e pub li c k no w w h a t m eas ur es r e f i n e r i es a r e t ak i ng t o i mp l e m e n t

t ec hno l og i es t o r e du ce t h e n ee d f or f l a r es i n t h e f i r s t p l ace ? < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

Se c t i on 12

- 11

- 401 o f t

he p r opo s ed r u l e r equ ir e s t ha t m on t h l y r epo r t s on f l a ri ng

i n c l ude a de sc ri

p t i on o f an y m ea s u r

e s t a k en t o r edu c e o r e li

m i na t e f l a ri ng

.

20

. H o w w ill t h i s i n f orm a t i on b e pro v i d e d t o t h e c ommun i t y ? < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

See r e s pon s e #10

.

21

. D o t h e r e f i n e r i es h a v e t o w a i t t o i mp l e m e n t po ll u t i on c on t ro l s un t il t h i s

f l a r e ru l e i s d e v e l op e d? < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

N o . O ne r

e f i ne r y ha s i n s t a ll ed ne w c o m

p r e ss o r s t ha t a ll o w ed i t t o v ir t ua ll y

e li m i na t e r ou t i ne f l a ri ng

. M o s t o f t he r e f i ne ri e s no w ha v

e c o m p r e ss o r s t ha t

s hou l d a ll o w t he m t o a v o i d r ou t i ne f l a ri ng

. N o t h i ng i n t h i s r u l e p r e v en t s r e f i ne ri e s

f r o m m o v i ng f o r w a r d w i t h f l a r e c on t r o l s

.

22

. W h y

i s n ’ t t h e A i r B o a rd mon i t or i ng f or h y drog e n a nd n i t rog e n? < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

H y d r ogen and n i t

r ogen i n t he f l a r e ga s do no t c on t

ri bu t e d ir e c t l y t o a ir po ll u t

i on

. W hen h y d r ogen i s bu r ned i n a f l a r e

, i t i s c on v e r t ed t o w a t e r

. F l a r e s u s e

s u rr ound i ng a ir t o p r o v i de t he o xy gen f o r c o m bu s t

i on . A ir i s abou t 20 % o

xy gen

and 80 % n i t

r ogen b y v o l u m e

. W

h il e a s m a ll a m oun t o f n i t r ogen i n t he a ir i s

c on v e r t ed t o n i t r ogen o x i de s

, w h i c h c an c on t

ri bu t e t o o z one f o r m a t i on

, n i t r ogen

i n f l a r e ga s w ou l d no t i n c r ea s e e m i

ss i on s o f n i t

r ogen o x i de s

.

23

. D on ’ t w a i t t o i mp l e m e n t po ll u t i on c on t ro l s t o r e du ce t h e n ee d f or f l a r esp l a nn e d

, rou t i n e or acc i d e n t a l ! < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

See r e s pon s e s #13 and #21

.47

24

. H o w i s t h e pub li c go i ng t o b e no t i f i e d a bou t t h e f i nd i ng s o f t h e f l a r es ? I n

r ea l t i m e ? I n p l a i n E ng li s h? W h a t a bou t t h e f i nd i ng s o f t h e r e por t ? < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

I n f o r m a t i on abou t m a

j o r f l a ri ng e v en t s i s po s t ed on t he Di s t ri c t 's w eb s i t e

. T he

m on t h l y r epo r t s on f l a ri ng t ha t a r e r equ ir ed b y t he p r opo s ed r u l e w ill be a v a il ab l e

t o t he pub li c ( s ee r e s pon s e #10

)

. T he f l a r e s t ud y a s r e v i s ed w ill be a v a il ab l e on

t he Di s t ri c t w eb s i t e

.

25

. W e f ee l t h a t s om e on e f rom t h e W es t C oun t y A s t hm a C o a li t i on s hou l d b e

ke p t upd a t e d on a rou t i n e b as i s b y t h e A i r B o a rd a bou t t h e f l a r e i ss u e

.

< A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

See r e s pon s e #24

. W

e a r e happ y t o d i sc u ss f l a ri ng i ss ue s w i t h t he W e s t C oun t

y

A s t h m a C oa li t

i on

.

26

. W e r ec omm e nd r e qu i r i ng c on t i nuou s a n a l y z e r s f or v e n t g as mon i t or i ng . I f

t h e r e i s a m a l f un c t i on o f t h a t e qu i pm e n t t h e n m a nu a l sa mp li ng s hou l d b e

u se d

. < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

C on t i nuou s ana l

y z e r s a r e an a ll o w ed op t i on . Ot he r op t i on s a r e a ll o w ed be c au s e

c on t i nuou s ana l

y z e r s ha v e ne v e r been i n s t a ll ed on r e f i ne r y f l a r e heade r s

, and

t he f ea s i b ili t y o f t h i s app r oa c h i s no t y e t k no w n

.

27

. W h a t a r e p e n a l t i es or c on se qu e n ces i f t h e mon i t or i ng r e qu i r e m e n t s a r e no t

m e t ? < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

F a il u r e t o c o m p l y w i t h t he m on i t o ri ng r equ ir e m en t s w ou l d be a r u l e v i o l a t i on

s ub j e c t t o po t en t i a l en f o r c e m en t a c t

i on and pena l t

i e s

.

28

. W e und e r s t a nd t h a t t h e po s i t i on i ng o f t h e ca m e r a c ou l d i n f l u e n ce t h e

r ea d i ng o f t h e e m i ss i on s f rom r e f i n e r i es . S o , i s i t po ss i b l e t o h a v e mor e

t h a n on e v i d e o r ec ord i ng d e v i ce mon i t or i ng f l a r es ? Th e r e s hou l d b e a t i m e

a nd d a t e s t a mp

. < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

C a m e r a s c anno t be u s ed

t o r ead e m i ss i on s f r o m f l a r e s

. T he r u l e r equ ir e s

m on i t o ri ng o f f l o w and c o m

po s i t i on u s i ng f l o w m e t e r s and o t he r m ean s

t ha t

p r o v i de m o r e r e li ab l e i n f o r m a t i on t han c a m e r

a s

. C a m e r a s p r o v i de s e c onda r

y

i n f o r m a t i on abou t t

he s i z e and s hape o f t

he f l a m e t ha t c anno t be u s ed

t o

de t e r m i ne t he na t u r e and quan t

i t y o f e m i ss i on s

. T he r u l e s pe c i f i e s m i n i m u m

r equ ir e m en t s f o r v i deo m on i t

o ri ng

. M o r e t han one c a m e r

a w ou l d be a ll o w ed bu t

no t r equ ir ed

. T he p r opo s ed r u l e r equ ir e s a t i m e and da t

e s t a m p

.

29

. F l a r e i m a g es s hou l d b e r e t a i n e d f or a t l eas t 7 d a y s

, as oppo se d t o a

m i n i mum o f 72 hour s

. W e und e r s t a nd t h a t s t or a g e h as c om e up as a n

i ss u e

, bu t ho w b i g a n i n c on v e n i e n ce i s t oo b i g a n i n c on v e n i e n ce t o s t or e

s m a ll v i d e o d i g i t a l t a p es ? < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >48

T he p r opo s ed r u l e no w r equ ir e s t ha t t he f l a r e i m age s f o r ea c h m on t

h be

r e c o r ded and s ub m i tt

ed t o t he Di s t ri c t. T ape s a r e no t a r e li ab l e s t o r age m ean s

. It i s e x pe c t ed t ha t v i deo i n f o r m a t i on w ou l d be c on v

e r t ed t o d i g i t a l f il e s and

a r c h i v ed on D V

D s o r o t he r s t o r age m ed i a

.

30

. A r e v i d e o t a p es go i ng t o b e f u ll y access i b l e t o t h e pub li c ? Si n ce t h i s i s

pub li c i n f orm a t i on

, ca n i t b e a v a il a b l e a t pub li c li br a r i es or o t h e r pub li c

p l aces

, s o t h e pub li c w on ’ t h a v e t o n ecessa r il y go t hrough a go v e rnm e n t

a g e n c y f or access t o t h e v i d e o s

. < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

It i s un li k e l y t ha t t ape s w ill be u s ed

. It i s m o r e li k e l y t ha t i m age s w

ill be d i g i t a ll y

r e c o r ded on D V

D s o r o t he r m ed i a t ha t c an be r

ead b y c o m pu t e r s

. T he Di s t ri c t

ha s no t y

e t de c i ded ho w t o m a k e t he da t a a v a il ab l e

.

31

. Pe r i od i ca ll y

, w ill pub li c s h a r i ng o f f l a r i ng v i d e o s b e sc h e du l e d a nd

pr ese n t e d i n p l a i n E ng li s h? W e r ec omm e nd t h a t i f t h e A i r B o a rd i s g i v e n

24 hour s no t i ce

, t h a n a n y m e mb e r o f t h e pub li c s hou l d b e a ll o w e d t o see

a n y v i d e o

. < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

See r e s pon s e #30

.

32

. H o w m a n y y ea r s a r e y ou go i ng t o c o ll ec t d a t a b e f or e y ou r e qu i r e c h a ng es

i n i ndu s t r i a l pr ac t i ces l ea d i ng t o a r e du c t i on i n f l a r es ? < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

See r e s pon s e s #12 and #13

.

33

. W h a t i s y our proo f or d a t a

, t h a t f l a r e e m i ss i on s a r e no t i mp ac t i ng t h e

h ea l t h o f t h e l o ca l c ommun i t y ? < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

A ll a ir po ll u t

an t s ha v e t he po t en t i a l t o a ff e c t hea l t h

, pa r t i c u l a rl y f o r t he y oung , t he

e l de rl y

, and t ho s e w i t h r e s p ir a t o r y ill ne ss

. F l a r e s a r e j u s t one o f m an y

c on t ri bu t o r s t o a ir po ll u t

i on

. M an y o t he r s ou r c e s

, i n c l ud i ng c a r s and t r u cks

,

c on t ri bu t e e m i ss i on s

, i n c l ud i ng s u l f u r e m i ss i on s , t ha t a r e s i m il a r t o t ho s e f r o m

f l a r e s . G i v en t ha t t he s e f l a r e e m i ss i on s a r e no t un i que and t ha t t he c au s e s o f

a s t h m a

, c an c e r

, and m an y o t

he r ill ne ss e s a r

e no t w e ll unde r s t ood

, i t i s un li k e l y

t ha t f l a r e e m i ss i on s c an be i

den t i f i ed a s be i

ng r e s pon s i b l e f o r a pa r t i c u l a r hea l t h

p r ob l e m

. N o r c an i t be p r

o v ed t ha t t he y a r e no t r e s pon s i b l e . I n gene r

a l

, i t i s w e ll

k no w n t ha t o z one and s u l

f u r d i o x i de c an , f o r e x a m p l e , t ri gge r a s t h m a a tt a cks

. A s a r e s u l t, t he Di s t ri c t w o r ks t o r edu c e t he s e po ll u t

an t s

, r ega r d l e ss o f t he

s ou r c e

.

34

. I s t h e r e a n y proo f t h a t s u l f ur e m i ss i on s f rom f l a r es h a v e no h a rm f u l h ea l t h

e ff ec t s ? < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

See r e s pon s e #33

.49

35

. I n g e n e r a l, s u l f ur c ompon e n t s t r i gg e r as t hm a

, w h a t proo f do y ou h a v e t h a t

s u l f ur e m i ss i on s f rom f l a r es h a v e no h a rm f u l h ea l t h e ff ec t s ? < A C A

. 4 / 16 / 03 >

See r e s pon s e #33

.

36

. Th e s hor t c omm e n t p e r i od h as h a mp e r e d our a b ili t y t o t horough l y r e v i e w

t h e propo se d ru l e

. W e s t rong l y s uppor t a t horough a nd v i g il a n t f l a r e

mon i t or i ng ru l e

. W e a l s o s uppor t t h e d e t a il e d c omm e n t s on t h i s ru l e

s ubm i tt e d b y C ommun i t i es f or a B e tt e r E n v i ronm e n t

. < H o l t z c l a w , Si e rr a

C l ub . E

- m a il. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he Di s t ri c t unde r s t and s t he d i ff i c u l t y

. T he Di s t ri c t i s m o v i ng qu i ck l y t o e s t ab li s h

a f l a r e m on i t o ri ng r u l e t ha t i s t ho r ough and r

e s pon s i v e . G i v en t he Di s t ri c t 's

de s ir e f o r an e x ped i t i ou s and e ff

i c i en t p r o c e ss , t he add i t i ona l c o mm en t pe ri

od

w a s ne c e ss a ril

y s ho r t.

37

. W e b e li e v e t h a t w e b

- po s t e d v i d e o mon i t or i ng on r ea l -t i m e b as i s i s

n ecessa r y t o es t a b li s h a nd m a i n t a i n a c ommon t oo l f or c ommun i t y

,

r e gu l a t or s a nd r e gu l a t ees t o r e f e r e n ce i n t h e i r c ommun i ca t i on s

. W e urg e

t h e D i s t r i c t t o r e qu i r e t h a t r ea l t i m e f l a r e i m a g es b e po s t e d s o t h a t n ea rb y

f o l ks ca n mon i t or t h e f l a r es a l ong w i t h r e gu l a t or s a nd r e f i n e r y p e r s onn e l.

W i t h 24 hour r ea l t i m e v i d e o mon i t or i ng t h a t i s access i b l e , i t m a y b e

po ss i b l e t o i d e n t i f y w h i c h w i nd a nd r e l ease c ond i t i on s r es u l t i n t roub li ng

a i r qu a li t y

. < H o l t z c l a w , Si e rr a C l ub

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he p r opo s ed r u l e doe s no t r

equ ir e w eb po s t i ng f o r t he r ea s on s d

i sc u ss ed i

n t he

s t a ff r epo r t ( s ee d i sc u ss i on o f S e c t

i on 12

- 11

- 507

)

. T he f l o w and c o m

po s i t i on

m on i t o ri ng r equ ir e m en t s o f t he r u l e a r e a m u c h m o r

e r e li ab l e s ou r c e o f t he

i n f o r m a t i on t ha t w ou l d be ne c e ss a r

y t o a ss e ss a ir qua li t

y i m pa c t s

.

38

. Th e exe mp t i on o f S ec t i on 12

- 11

- 111 s hou l d i n c l ud e t h e rm a l o x i d i z e r s

. Th e rm a l o x i d i z e r s a r e h i gh l y e ff i c i e n t c on t ro l d e v i ces

, t h e r e f or e a ll t h e rm a l

o x i d i z e r a pp li ca t i on s s hou l d b e exe mp t f rom t h i s ru l e

. < B u c h a n

, W es t e rn

S t a t es P e t ro l e um A ss o c i a t i on ( W SP A ) . E

- m a il. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he r m a l o x i d i z e r s a r e b y de f i n i t i on e x e m p t f r o m t he r u l e

, bu t t he e x e m p t i on s o f

S e c t i on s 12

- 11

- 110

, 112

, 113

, and 114 ha v e been m od

i f i ed t o m a k e t h i s c l ea r

.

39

. M od i f y t h e d e f i n i t i on o f "f l a r e " t o c l a r i f y t h e d i ff e r e n ce b e t w ee n f l a r es a nd

o t h e r c ombu s t i on e qu i pm e n t

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he de f i n i t i on s o f " f l a r e" and “ t he r m a l o x i d i z e r ” ha v e been m od

i f i ed t o a cc o m p li s h

t h i s

.

40

. A d e f i n i t i on f or “ f l a r e mon i t or i ng s y s t e m s ” i s n ee d e d t o i d e n t i f y a ll

mon i t or i ng e qu i pm e n t t h a t c ou l d f a il a nd

, t h e r e f or e

, c om e und e r t h e50

e qu i pm e n t m a l f un c t i on r e qu i r e m e n t s o f sec t i on 506

. 1

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he Di s t ri c t ha s added a de f

i n i t i on and c l

a ri f i ed t he m on i t o r do w n t i m e p r o v i s i on s

o f S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 506

. 1

.

41

. A d e f i n i t i on f or “d a y ” i s n ee d e d t o c l a r i f y i t s u sa g e t hroughou t t h e

r e gu l a t i on

. W e b e li e v e t h a t a ca l e nd a r d a y w ou l d s i mp li f y v a r i ou s

r ec ord kee p i ng r e qu i r e m e n t s a nd i s a ppropr i a t e

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he r u l e doe s no t i

n c l ude t he de f i n i t i on . S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 401

. 6 r

equ ir e s a " r oo t

c au s e" ana l

ys i s i f m o r e t han 1 m illi

on s t anda r d c ub i c f ee t o f ga s a r

e f l a r ed i n a

24

- hou r pe ri

od

. T h i s ana l ys i s w ou l d be r equ ir ed w hen f l a ri ng beg i n s i n t he

e v en i ng

, and t he 1 m illi on s t anda r d c ub i c f oo t t h r e s ho l d i s r ea c hed a ft

e r

m i dn i gh t. U s e o f "da y " i

n s t ead o f "24

- hou r pe ri

od" w ou l d m ean no ana l

ys i s

w ou l d be r equ ir ed unde r t he s e c ir c u m s t an c e s

.

42

. C h a ng i ng t h e r e por t du e d a t e t o t h e e nd o f t h e f o ll o w i ng mon t h a li gn s t h e

d ea d li n e f or t h e f l a r e r e por t i ng w i t h se v e r a l o t h e r mon t h l y r e por t d ea d li n es

s o t h e r e por t s ca n b e s ubm i tt e d t og e t h e r

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

Se c t i on 12

- 11

- 401 ha s been m od i f i ed t o i n c l ude t h i s dead li ne

.

43

. A dd i ng a n “ ( s ) ” t o t h e r e f e r e n ce [ i n S ec t i on 12

- 11

- 401 ] t o f l a r e h ea d e r s

c l a r i f i es t h e r e por t i ng r e qu i r e m e n t s f or f l a r e s y s t e m s w i t h on e or mor e

h ea d e r s f ee d i ng t h e sa m e casca d i ng or s t a g e d f l a r e s y s t e m

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

Se c t i on 12

- 11

- 401 ha s been m od i f i ed t o m a k e i t c l ea r t ha t on l y one r epo r t i s

r equ ir ed f o r s u c h a sys t

e m r a t he r t han i nd i v i dua l r epo r t s f o r ea c h f l a r e i n t he

sys t e m

.

44

. D e l e t i on o f r e qu i r e m e n t s f or hour l y d a t a i n sec t i on 401

. 1 a nd 401

. 3 i s

propo se d b eca u se w e b e li e v e t h a t hour l y d a t a i s o v e r l y burd e n s om e a nd i s

no t n ee d e d t o d e t e rm i n e e m i ss i on s f rom t h e f l a r es

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

H ou rl y da t a w ill be gene r

a t ed b y t he m on i t o r s and c an be ea s il

y p r o v i ded i n

e l e c t r on i c f o r m a t. D u ri

ng l a r ge f l a ri ng e v en t s

, e m i ss i on s c an c hange s i

gn i f i c an t l y

f r o m hou r t o hou r

.

45

. C h a ng es t o sec t i on 401

. 4 a r e propo se d t o s i mp li f y t h e w ord i ng r e g a rd i ng

purg e g as d a t a i n t h e mon t h l y r e por t

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he Di s t ri c t be li e v e s t he p r opo s ed l anguage i

s c l ea r

. T he s ugge s t

ed l anguage

w ou l d a ll o w s ub m i

ss i on o f da il

y a v e r age s unde r c ir

c u m s t an c e s w he r e m o r e51

de t a il ed da t a i s a v a il ab l e

. W he r e pu r ge ga s u s e i

s a t a f i x ed r a t e

, i t w ou l d be

pe r m i ss i b l e w i t h ou r l anguage t o s ub m i t t

he da il y a v e r age

.

46

. C h a ng es a r e propo se d i n sec t i on 401

. 6 t o c l a r i f y t h e acc umu l a t i on t i m e f or

t h e 1

. 2 m illi on s t a nd a rd c ub i c f ee t o f v e n t g as a nd a r e qu i r e m e n t f or hour l y

f l o w dur i ng s u c h p e r i od s w as a dd e d t o e n s ur e a d e qu a t e d a t a i s c o ll ec t e d

f or s u c h f l a r i ng e v e n t s

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

See r e s pon s e #41

.

47

. Th e u se o f a 24

- hr p e r i od unn ecessa r il y c ompound s t h e d a t a ca p t ur e a nd

r e por t i ng t ask . I n s t rum e n t d a t a i s norm a ll y a r c h i v e d a nd pr ese n t e d i n a

s i mp li f i e d m i dn i gh t t o m i dn i gh t b as i s

. Th e u se o f a no t h e r 24

- hr p e r i od w ill

r e qu i r e t h e exec u t i on o f a dd i t i on a l m a nu a l t asks t h a t m a y r es u l t i n a l o ss o f

t h e d a t a a u t om a t i on acc ur ac y f rom f l o w r ec ord i ng s y s t e m s

. A dd i t i on a ll y

,

rou t i n e du t i es s u c h as mon i t or i ng o f f l a r e e v e n t p e r i od s s hou l d m a t c h as

c l o se l y as po ss i b l e

, t h e norm a l w or k rou t i n es a nd sc h e du l e o f r e f i n e r y

p e r s onn e l. Th e i n t rodu c t i on o f a t ask t h a t i s t r i gg e r e d b y a n unpr e d i c t a b l e

mon i t or i ng ac t i v i t y w ill r e qu i r e a dd i t i on a l t ask exec u t i on b y t h e op e r a t or s

.

< B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

See r e s pon s e #44

. F

l o w m on i t

o r da t a l ogge r s c an be ea s il

y p r og r a mm ed t o

r e c ogn i z e w hen t he t h r e s ho l d ha s been r

ea c hed

. W i t h e i t he r t he p r opo s ed

l anguage o r

t he W SPA l anguage , t

he t h r e s ho l d c ou l d be r ea c hed a t an y hou r o f

t he da y

.

48

. W e a r e w illi ng t o pro v i d e e m i ss i on s ca l c u l a t i on s on u s i ng t h e 98 % c on t ro l

e ff i c i e n c y b as i s

. H o w e v e r

, w e w i s h t o no t e t h a t t h e r e a r e se v e r a l s t ud i es

t h a t i nd i ca t e t h a t t h e f l a r e h y dro ca rbon d es t ru c t i on e ff i c i e n c i es a r e

t y p i ca ll y h i gh e r t h a n 98 %

. Th e r e f or e

, t h e e m i ss i on ca l c u l a t i on s w ill v e r y

li ke l y b e o v e r es t i m a t i ng t h e ac t u a l f l a r e h y dro ca rbon e m i ss i on s

. Th i s f ac t

s hou l d b e t ake n i n t o acc oun t w h e n c on s i d e r i ng po ss i b l e u ses f or t h ese

e m i ss i on numb e r s

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

C o mm en t no t

ed

.

49

. [ I n S ec t i on 12

- 11

- 501

, ] t h e m i n i mum v e l o c i t y s hou l d b e 0

. 5 f ee t p e r

sec ond (f p s ) or 0

. 34 M P H

. B ase d on our ex p e r i e n ce a nd t h e ex p e r i e n ce i n

t h e S C A Q MD

, a 0

. 5 f p s z e ro c u t o ff w ill c r ea t e f a l se v e n t g as f l o w r ea d i ng s

. Th ese f a l se r ea d i ng s a r e pr i m a r il y ca u se d b y e dd y c urr e n t s a nd

t e mp e r a t ur e c h a ng es w i t h i n t h e f l a r e s t ack

. D u e t o t h e se n s i t i v i t y o f t h e

f l o w m e t e r a t t h i s v e r y l o w f l o w se tt i ng

, g as ex p a n s i on du e t o d a il y

c h a ng es i n a mb i e n t t e mp e r a t ur e w ill r es u l t i n s i gn a l s o f non

- ex i s t e n t v e n t

g as f l o w s

. U pon r ece i v i ng t h ese f a l se s i gn a l s

, t h e op e r a t or mu s t t h e n

mon i t or a nd r e por t t h ese “gho s t ” f l o w s p e r 12

- 11

- 401 on a d a il y b as i s

. To

a v o i d t h i s unn ecessa r y l o w f l o w i nd i ca t i on a nd s ub se qu e n t r e por t i ng o f52

t h ese m i n i sc u l e f a l se f l o w s a nd f a l se e m i ss i on s

, w e r e qu es t t h a t t h e

m i n i mum v e l o c i t y b e 0

. 5 f p s

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he r u l e s pe c i f i e s t ha t t he f l o w m on i t

o ri ng de v i c e m u s t c on t

i nuou s l y m ea s u r

e

f l o w v e l o c i t y f r o m 0

. 5 t o 275 f ee t pe r s e c ond be c au s e t h i s i s t he r ange o v e r

w h i c h u l t r a s on i c f l o w m e t e r m anu f a c t u r e r s ( Pana m e t ri cs and R o

x a r) gua r an t ee

h i ghe s t a cc u r

a cy . B u t S e c t

i on 12

- 11

- 401 r

equ ir e s c on t i nuou s f l o w m on i t

o ri ng

and r epo r t i ng o f a ll f l o w da t a

, no t j u s t f

l o w s abo v e 0

. 5 f oo t pe r s e c ond

.

50

. Th e r e qu i r e m e n t i n S ec t i on 501

. 3 t h a t t h e f l o w mon i t or i ng d e v i ce

c on t i nuou s l y m eas ur e mo l ec u l a r w e i gh t s hou l d b e t o a ll o w m ax i mum

f l ex i b ili t y

i n t h e t y p e o f f l o w m e t e r u se d

. C urr e n t l y

, t h e mo s t li ke l y t y p e o f

f l a r e f l o w m e t e r do es a ll o w a c on t i nuou s m eas ur e m e n t o f mo l ec u l a r

w e i gh t

. H o w e v e r

, o t h e r acce p t a b l e f l o w mon i t or i ng i n s t rum e n t s m a y

b ec om e a v a il a b l e a nd t h e mo l ec u l a r w e i gh t r e qu i r e m e n t m a y pr e v e n t u se

o f a n y o t h e r f l o w i n s t rum e n t s , li m i t i ng t h e f l o w mon i t or i ng t o a s i ng l e

s upp li e r

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T h i s r equ ir e m en t ha s been r

e m o v ed f r o m S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 501 . S e c t

i on 12

- 11-

401

. 4 no w s

pe c i f i e s t ha t t h i s i n f o r m a t i on m u s t be r

epo r t ed i f a v a il ab l e f r o m t he

m e t e r

.

51

. Sec t i on 502

. 2 do es no t a ll o w e nough t i m e t o prop e r l y d es i gn

, r e v i e w

, ord e r

,

a nd c on s t ru c t a sa f e sa mp li ng s y s t e m

. Th e sec t i on s hou l d b e c h a ng e d t o

a ll o w 90 d a y s

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he s e c t i on no w a ll

o w s 90 da ys r

a t he r t han 60

.

52

. Th e m i n i mum sa mp li ng f r e qu e n c y o f on ce p e r d a y [ i n S ec t i on s 502

. 2 a nd

502

. 3 ] do es no t m ake se n se i f t h e r e i s no f l o w

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

W e ha v e e li m i na t ed t he r equ ir e m en t f o r da il y s a m p li ng i n f a v o r o f a t ri gge r t ha t

w ou l d r equ ir e s a m p li ng on l y w hen t he r e i s f l o w t o t he f l a r e

.

53

. Th e r a t e [ o f 50

, 000 s t a nd a rd c ub i c f ee t i n on e hour ] t r i gg e r i ng sa mp li ng

a nd t h e f r e qu e n c y o f sa mp li ng r e qu i r e d [ e v e r y 3 hour s ] see m s excess i v e

. W e propo se i n c r eas i ng t h e t r i gg e r f or f r e qu e n t sa mp li ng t o a 100

, 000

s t a nd a rd c ub i c f ee t e v e n t i n on e hour

. Th i s w ou l d s t ill i d e n t i f y v e r y s m a ll

e v e n t s ( l ess t h a n 50 pound s o f h y dro ca rbon u s i ng t y p i ca l v e n t g as

c ompo s i t i on ) . S a mp li ng e v e n s m a ll e r e v e n t s w ou l d no t pro v i d e a n y

s i gn i f i ca n t i n f orm a t i on a nd w ou l d s i gn i f i ca n t l y i n c r ease t h e c o s t f or

sa mp li ng a nd a n a l y s i s . I n a dd i t i on , i t w ou l d a ll o w op e r a t or s t o f o c u s on

s t opp i ng e v e n s m a ll f l a r i ng e v e n t s r a t h e r t h a n c on ce n t r a t e on v e r i f y i ng t h a t

sa mp l es h a v e b ee n t ake n f or i n s i gn i f i ca n t e v e n t s

. A l s o

, w e propo se t h a t

t h e f r e qu e n c y f or sa mp li ng s u c h e v e n t s s hou l d b e r e du ce d t o on ce e v e r y 8

hour s . G e n e r a ll y

, t h e v e n t g as c ompo s i t i on dur i ng a f l a r i ng e v e n t do es no t

c h a ng e s i gn i f i ca n t l y o v e r a p e r i od o f 8 hour s

. Th e r e f or e

, a sa mp li ng53

f r e qu e n c y o f on ce e v e r y 8 hour s s hou l d b e a d e qu a t e

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

I n t he p r opo s ed r u l e , t he t ri gge r f o r s a m p li ng w a s s e t a t 6

, 000 s t

anda r d c ub i c

f ee t i n 15 m i nu t e s

. H o w e v e r

, s t a ff i s no w r e c o mm end

i ng t ha t t he t ri gge r be

m od i f i ed t o be i den t i c a l t o t he t ri gge r u s ed i

n t he S ou t h C oa s t AQ MD r

u l e ( 330

s t anda r d c ub i c f ee t pe r m i

nu t e c on t i nuou s l y f o r 15 m i nu t e s )

. T h i s c hange i

s

i n c l uded i

n t he r e v i s ed r u l e

.

T o add r e ss c o mm un i t

y c on c e r n s t ha t a s a m

p li ng i n t e r v a l m ea s u r

ed i n hou r s

w ou l d m ean t ha t c o m po s i t i on w ou l d go un m on i t

o r ed f o r t oo l ong du ri ng f l a ri ng

e v en t s , t he p r opo s ed r u l e s pe c i f i ed i n t eg r a t ed s a m p li ng a t 15 m i

nu t e i n t e r v a l s

. I n t eg r a t ed s a m p li ng p r odu c e s a c o m

po s i t e s a m p l e ou t o f a li

quo t s ( po r t i on s o f t he

t o t a l s a m p l e s i z e ) . B e c au s e

t he a li quo t s a r e t a k en o v e r t i m e , t he s a m p l e r e f l e c t s

v a ri a t i on i n c o m po s i t i on t ha t m a y o cc u r o v

e r t i m e

. H o w

e v e r

, be c au s e

t h i s

e li m i na t ed c on v en t i ona l s a m p li ng and m ean t t

ha t e x pen s i v e s a m p li ng equ i p m en t

o r c on t i nuou s ana l

y z e r s w ou l d be r equ ir ed f o r nu m e r ou s f l a r e s t ha t a r e r a r e l y

u s ed

, r e c o mm ended c hange s a r e i n c l uded i

n t he r e v i s ed r u l e t o add ba ck a

c on v en t i ona l s a m p li ng op t i on w i t h a s a m p li ng i n t e r v a l o f t h r ee hou r s . I n t eg r a t ed

s a m p li ng p r o v i s i on s a r e a l s o r e t a i ned

.

54

. Sec t i on 506

. 1 c h a ng es a r e m a d e t o c l a r i f y t h a t a ll mon i t or i ng e qu i pm e n t

( see a dd e d d e f i n i t i on f or “ f l a r e mon i t or i ng s y s t e m” ) c om e und e r t h i s

sec t i on

. F l a r e mon i t or i ng w ill r e qu i r e a s i gn i f i ca n t a moun t o f e qu i pm e n t

. Si n ce mu c h o f t h i s mon i t or i ng w ill b e n e w i n s t a ll a t i on s a nd w ill i n v o l v e

mon i t or i ng t h a t h as no t t y p i ca ll y b ee n don e i n t h i s a pp li ca t i on , i t i s li ke l y

t h a t t h e r e w ill b e mor e i n s t rum e n t do w n t i m e t h a n a n o l d

, ex i s t i ng

mon i t or i ng r e qu i r e m e n t

. Th e r e f or e

, w e r ec omm e nd t h a t t h e w ord i ng i n t h i s

sec t i on b e m a d e c on s i s t e n t w i t h t h e c on t i nuou s e m i ss i on mon i t or i ng

r e qu i r e m e n t s f ound i n R e gu l a t i on 1

- 522

. 4

. To acc omp li s h t h i s

, t h e l as t

se n t e n ce i n 12

- 11

- 506

. 1 s hou l d b e d e l e t e d

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

R a t he r t han e li m i na t e t he s en t en c e t ha t li m i t s do w n t i m e t o 30 da ys i

n a c a l enda r

y ea r

, s t a ff i s r e c o mm end

i ng c hange s

t o t he p r opo s ed r u l e t o a ll o w a 6

- m on t

h

de l a y i n t h i s r equ ir e m en t f o r i n t eg r a t ed s a m p li ng

, ga s c h r

o m a t og r aph y

, and o t he r

c on t i nuou s ana l

y z e r s t o a ll o w t i m e t o i den t i f y and c o rr

e c t p r ob l e m s i n t he

sys t e m s be f o r e t he r equ ir e m en t s c o m e i n t o e ff e c t.

55

. Sec t i on 506

. 2 r e qu i r es m a nu a l sa mp li ng dur i ng p e r i od s o f i nop e r a t i on o f

c on t i nuou s a n a l y z e r s

. Th i s s hou l d ex t e nd t o a u t o

- sa mp l e r s

. W e b e li e v e

t h i s w as t h e D i s t r i c t ’ s i n t e n t

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T h i s w a s ou r i n t en t, bu t t he c hange w

a s no t i n c l uded i

n t he p r opo s ed r u l e

. T he

r e v i s ed r u l e i n c l ude s t h i s c hange

.

56

. Sec t i on 506

. 4 c h a ng es c l a r i f y t h a t m a n y i n

- li n e a n a l y z e r s ca nno t pro v i d e

on e

- m i nu t e a v e r a g es s i n ce t h e a n a l y t i ca l sa mp li ng p e r i od i s gr ea t e r t h a n54

on ce p e r m i nu t e

. For exa mp l e

, mo s t i f no t a ll h y drog e n s u l f i d e a n a l y z e r s

h a v e a r es pon se t i m e o f 3 m i nu t es or l ong e r . G as c hrom a t ogr a ph y

a n a l y z e r s t ake 30 m i nu t es or mor e f or a c omp l e t e a n a l y s i s

. Th e r e f or e

,

s i n ce m a n y a n a l y z e r s a r e i n ca p a b l e o f pro v i d i ng on e m i nu t e d a t a , l e t a l on e

a v e r a g es

, t h a t por t i on o f t h e sec t i on s hou l d b e r e mo v e d

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he s e c t i on i nd i c a t e s t ha t t he da t a l ogge r m u s t be c apab le o f r e c o r d i ng onem i nu t e a v e r age s

. T he Di s t ri c t r e c ogn i z e s t ha t c o m po s i t i on da t a w ill no t be one

m i nu t e a v e r age s and need no t be r e c o r ded a s s u c h

.

57

. Th e r e qu i r e m e n t t o a r c h i v e v i d e o i m a g es f or eac h 24

- hour p e r i od s hou l d b e

c h a ng e d t o a r e qu i r e m e n t t o a r c h i v e t h e i m a g es f or eac h d a y t o c l a r i f y d a il y

a r c h i v i ng o f d a il y v i d e o mon i t or i ng

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he p r opo s ed l anguage c hange w

ou l d no t c hange

t he r equ ir e m en t. T

he “ 24-

hou r ” l anguage w

a s u s ed t o a ll o w f l e x i b ili t y t o p r odu c e a da il

y a r c h i v e t ha t r un s

f r o m , f o r e x a m p l e 12 noon

t o 12 noon

, r

a t he r t han li m i t i ng i t t o a 12 a m

t o 12 a m

da y

.

58

. EP A c ommon l y a ll o w s a n E qu i v a l e n t V o l un t a r y C on se n s u s S t a nd a rd s B od y

t o d e t e rm i n e t h e mo s t a ppropr i a t e m e t hod s f or a n a l y ses . E xa mp l es o f t h i s

a r e A S T M

, A PI a nd o t h e r s . I n t h i s w a y

, t h e ru l e n ee d no t b e op e n e d eac h

t i m e a mor e acc ur a t e

, se n s i t i v e

, or a ppropr i a t e m e t hod i s d ee m e d mor e

s u i t a b l e f or t h e a n a l y s i s

. < B u c h a n

, W SP A

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he t e x t o f t he p r opo s ed r u l e

, i n S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 601

, d

i d no t add

r e ss t h i s i ss ue

. T he r e v i s ed r u l e add r e ss e s t he i ss ue

, and a ll

o w s s ub s equen t r

e v i s i on s t o

m e t hod s t o be u s ed

.

59

. I n i t i a l S t ud i es w i t h propo se d N e g a t i v e D ec l a r a t i on s or M i t i g a t e d N e g a t i v e

D ec l a r a t i on s r e qu i r e a t l eas t 20 d a y s f or pub li c c omm e n t ( 30 d a y s i f

s ubm i tt e d t o t h e S t a t e C l ea r i nghou se ) . S ee C a li f orn i a ’ s E n v i ronm e n t a l

Q u a li t y A c t (C EQ A ) G u i d e li n es , S ec

. 15073 ( a )

. Th e B AA Q MD pub li s h e d i t s

R e qu es t f or C omm e n t s on li n e on A pr il 7

, 2003 . Si n ce c omm e n t s a r e du e

t od a y

, A pr il 17

, 2003

, t h e D i s t r i c t h as pro v i d e d m e r e l y 10 d a y s f or pub li c

c omm e n t

. A cc ord i ng l y , O C E r e qu es t t h a t t h e D i s t r i c t pro v i d e a n

ex p l a n a t i on f or t h e a bbr e v i a t e d c omm e n t p e r i od

. < C o s t a , O ur C h il dr e n ’ s

Ea r t h Found a t i on ( O C E ) . E

- m a il. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he do c u m en t on w

h i c h c o mm en t

s w e r e r eque s t ed w a s a d r a ft i n i t i a l s t ud y

. N o

pub li c r e v i e w o f a d

r a ft i n i t i a l s t ud y i s r equ ir ed b y C EQA. In i t

i a l s t ud i e s t y p i c a ll y

s e r v e a s t he ba s i s f o r an agen cy's c on c l u s i on abou t t

he app r op ri a t e C EQA

do c u m en t r

equ ir ed f o r a p r o j e c t. If an agen cy de c i

de s t ha t a nega t

i v e de c l a r a t i on

i s t he app r op ri a t e do c u m en t, i t m u s t, a t t ha t po i n t, i nd i c a t e t ha t i t i n t end s t o adop t

a nega t i v e de c l a r a t i on ( w h i c h i n c l ude s t he i n i t i a l s t ud y ) and p r o v i de f o r t he

r e v i e w pe ri od r equ ir ed b y C EQA Gu i

de li ne s s e c t i on 15073

. T

he Di s t ri c t ha s no w55

m ade t he nega t i v e de c l a r a t i on f o r t h i s r u l e de v e l op m en t p r

o j e c t a v a il ab l e f o r a

r e v i e w pe ri od e xc eed i ng 20 da ys . I n a sk

i ng f o r an y c o mm en t

s on t he d r a ft i n i t i a l

s t ud y , t he Di s t ri c t w a s p r o v i d i ng an oppo r

t un i t y f o r c o mm en t be

y ond t ho s e

r equ ir ed b y C EQA.

60. Th e B AA Q MD ’ s f l a r e mon i t or i ng ru l e s hou l d r e qu i r e t h a t t h e D i s t r i c t t ake

s t ack sa mp l es dur i ng f l a r i ng i n c i d e n ces , i n norm a l w ea t h e r c ond i t i on s

, t o

d e t e rm i n e t h e a moun t o f c h e m i ca l s r e l ease d i n t o t h e a t mo s ph e r e

. < C o s t a

, O C E. 4/17/03 >

R e f i ne r y and Di s t ri c t s a f e t y r equ ir e m en t s p r e c l ude s a m

p li ng i n t he f l a r e

c o m bu s t i on z one

. R e m o t

e s en s i ng c an be u s ed

t o s t ud y c o m bu s t

i on e m i ss i on s

. T he Di s t ri c t i s f o ll o w i ng s u c h a s t ud

y be i ng c ondu c t

ed unde r c on t

r a c t t o t he

T e x a s C o mm i

ss i on on E n v ir on m en t a l Q ua li t y ( T C EQ )

.

61

. Th e f l a r e mon i t or i ng ru l e s hou l d r e qu i r e t h a t t h e B AA Q MD i n c l ud e a ll t h e

e m i ss i on s r e por t e d pur s u a n t t o t h e propo se d ru l e i n t h e e m i ss i on s

i n v e n t or y t o assess w h e t h e r t h e B a y A r ea i s m ak i ng R eas on a b l e Fur t h e r

P rogr ess i n t h e d i r ec t i on o f c omp li a n ce w i t h N AA QS < C o s t a , O C E.

4/17/03 >

T he BAAQ MD e m i

ss i on s i n v en t o r y a lr ead y i n c l ude s f l a r e e m i ss i on s o f 13

t on s

pe r da y ba s ed on da t

a f r o m an ea rli

e r BAAQ MD

f l a r e s t ud y ( s ee t he d i sc u ss i on

r ega r d i ng i n v en t o r y i ss ue s i n t he B a y A r ea 2001 O z

one Att a i n m en t P l an on pp

. 6

- 7 ) . A l t hough t he Di s t ri c t 's p r e li m i na r y e s t i m a t e i n t he c u rr en t f l a r e s t ud y w a s

h i ghe r t han 13 t on s , t he e s t i m a t e w a s ba s ed i

n pa r t on a ss u m

p t i on s t ha t w ill

need t o be r e v i s ed t o r e f l e c t da t a r e c e i v ed a ft e r t he e s t i m a t e w a s m ade

. A l t hough t he c u rr en t s t ud y ha s no t been

f i na li z ed

, e m i ss i on s e s t i m a t e s w ill li k e l y

be l o w e r t han i nd i c a t ed i n t he d r a ft s t ud y

, and m a y be no h i

ghe r f o r t he s t ud y

pe ri od t han t he 13 t on s a lr ead y i n c l uded i

n t he i n v en t o r y

. D a t a ga t he r ed t h r ough

m on i t o ri ng i n s t a ll ed pu r s uan t t o t he m on i t o ri ng r u l e s hou l d p r o v i de a ba s i

s f o r

e s t i m a t i ng f l a r e e m i ss i on s t ha t i s f a r s upe ri o r t o t he ba s e s unde rl

y i ng p r e v i ou s

e s t i m a t e s

, and c an be u s ed

t o r e f i ne t he i n v en t o r y

.

62

. Th e 98

- 99 % d es t ru c t i on e ff i c i e n c y r a t e ass um es t h a t ce r t a i n m e t e oro l og i ca l

c ond i t i on s a r e a l s o b e i ng m e t . EP A s t ud i es c ondu c t e d i n t h e ea r l y 1980 ’ s

do no t t ake i n t o acc oun t e n v i ronm e n t a l f ac t or s t h a t m a y a ff ec t f l a r e

e ff i c i e n c y

. “Th e r e i s no s ugg es t i on [ i n t h e EP A s t ud y ] t h a t c ombu s t i on

e ff i c i e n c i es m a y d e p e nd on p a r a m e t e r s t h a t i n f l u e n ce f l a m e s i z e

, a nd

c on se qu e n t l y h ea t r e l eases

, s u c h as s t ack v e l o c i t i es a nd w i nd s p ee d s

. ”

[D oug l as M

. L ea h e y

, K a t h e r i n e P r es t on a nd M e l S t ro s h e r

, Th e or e t i ca l a nd

O b se r v a t i on a l A ssess m e n t o f F l a r e E ff i c i e n c y

, 51 J

. A i r & W as t e M gm t

. 1610

, 1616 ( 2001 )

. ] M or e s t ud i es s hou l d b e don e t o d e t e rm i n e t h e c orr ec t

d es t ru c t i on e ff i c i e n c y r a t e

. < C o s t a , O C E. 4/17/03 >

M o s t a r gu m en t s abou t f l a r e e ff i c i en cy t ha t ha v e been m ade

t o t he Di s t ri c t a r e

ba s ed on a s e l

e c t i v e r ead i ng o f t e c hn i c a l sc i en t i f i c and t e c hn i c a l li t e r a t u r e on t he56

s ub j e c t, and m u c h o f t

ha t li t e r a t u r e i s no t ana l

y t i c a ll y r obu s t. T he T e c hn i c a l

C o mm i tt ee o f t he BAAQ MD

A d v i s o r y C oun c il i

s c u rr en t l y e x p l o ri ng t he que s t i on

o f e ff i c i en cy . I n add i t i on

, an i n t e r e s t i ng f l a r e e ff i c i en cy s t ud

y i s c u rr en t l y be i ng

c ondu c t ed b y t he T e x a s C o mm i

ss i on on E n v ir on m en t a l Q ua li t y ( T C EQ )

. T he

s t ud y i s e x pe c t ed t o be c o m

p l e t ed i n 2003

, and

t he Di s t ri c t w ill f o ll o w t h i s e ff o r t

and o t he r r e l e v an t s t ud i e s c l o s e l y

. T he Di s t ri c t ag r ee s t ha t a be tt

e r

unde r s t and i ng o f f l a r e e ff i c i en cy i s de s ir ab l e

, and e x pe c t s t ha t s t ud i e s c u rr en t l y

unde r w a y w ill p r o m o t e a be tt e r unde r s t and i ng

.

63

. B a y A r ea r es i d e n t s d ese r v e t o k no w a bou t t h e po ll u t i on r e l ease d i n t h e i r

o w n b ack y a rd ; t h e B AA Q MD s hou l d pub li s h t h e f l a r e mon i t or i ng r e por t s

on li n e

. < C o s t a , O C E. 4/17/03 >

See r e s pon s e #10

.

64

. Th e f l a r e mon i t or i ng ru l e s hou l d e n s ur e t h a t t h e mon i t or i ng d a t a w ill

d i sc l o se t h e a moun t o f po ll u t i on t h a t i s ac t u a ll y r e l ease d a nd e n s ur e t h a t

t h e i n f orm a t i on i s t r a n s p a r e n t s o t h a t B a y A r ea r es i d e n t s ca n i n t e rpr e t t h e

d a t a

. < C o s t a , O C E. 4/17/03 >

T h i s i s t he i n t en t o f t he f l a r e m on i t o ri ng r u l e

.

65

. B AA Q MD s hou l d c ondu c t f ur t h e r i n v es t i g a t i on s t o e n s ur e t h a t f l a r e

t ec hno l og y

i s sa t i s f ac t or il y d es t ro y i ng po ll u t a n t s e m i tt e d t hrough w as t e

s t r ea m s a t t h ese f ac ili t i es i n t h e B a y A r ea a nd t o t ake a n ac t i v e ro l e i n

r e qu i r i ng f ac ili t i es t o r e du ce t h e l e v e l o f e m i ss i on s produ ce d t hrough

up se t s

, s t a r t up

, s hu t do w n

, a nd m a i n t e n a n ce e v e n t s

. < C o s t a , O C E.

4/17/03 >

T he Di s t ri c t i s f o ll o w i ng t he T C EQ s t ud

y on f l a r e e ff i c i en cy and o t

he r s t ud i e s on

f l a r e e ff i c i en cy

. T he f l a r e m on i t o ri ng r u l e r equ ir e s m on i t o ri ng bu t doe s no t

i m po s e c on t

r o l s . S ee r e s pon s e s #13

, #17

, and #21

.

66

. R e por t s o f s mo ke a r e e n t i r e l y d e p e nd e n t on v i s u a l ob se r v a t i on s m a d e b y

w or ke r s a t t h ese f ac ili t i es w ho m a y m i ss m a n y e v e n t s

. B AA Q MD mu s t

r e qu i r e acc ur a t e r e por t i ng o f e m i ss i on d i sc h a rg es f rom f l a r e op e r a t i ng

s y s t e m s a nd i mpro v e d r e por t i ng r e qu i r e m e n t s s o as t o b e tt e r d i s t i ngu i s h

b e t w ee n r e por t i ng o f s mo k i ng f l a r e e v e n t s a nd op ac i t y e v e n t s w h i c h a r e

no t r e l a t e d t o f l a r es

. < C o s t a , O C E. 4/17/03 >

Enfo r c e m en t o f s m o k

i ng and opa c i t

y r e s t ri c t i on s r equ ir e s v i s ua l ob s e r v

a t i on

, and

r epo r t i ng i s i n s u ff i c i en t f o r en f o r c e m en t pu r

po s e s . O pa c i t

y m on i t o ri ng r equ ir ed

b y 40 C F R §60

. 18 i

s ba s ed on Me t

hod 22

, a v

i s ua l ob s e r v

a t i on m e t hod

. T he

Di s t ri c t u s e s v i s ua l ob s e r v

a t i on m e t hod s t o en f o r c e a t h r ee

- m i nu t e

- pe r- hou r

s m o k e li m i t on a ll f l a r e s

, w he t he r t he y a r e s ub j e c t t o t he N SPS o r no t.57

67

. R e por t s o f VO C s

, H 2S

, a nd o t h e r e m i ss i on s s hou l d b e b ase d on mu c h

mor e acc ur a t e es t i m a t es o f f l a r e p e r f orm a n ce t h a t t ake i n t o acc oun t f ac t or s

w h i c h d i m i n i s h c ombu s t i on e ff i c i e n c y

. < C o s t a , O C E. 4/17/03 >

See r e s pon s e #62

.

68

. S our ces a r e r e qu i r e d und e r s t a t e a nd f e d e r a l l a w t o e n s ur e t h a t f l a r es w ill

no t s mo ke f or mor e t h a n f i v e m i nu t es i n a c on sec u t i v e t w o hour p e r i od

. Y e t

, m a n y s our ces r e por t r e p ea t e d v i o l a t i on s o f f l a r es w h i c h s mo ke b e y ond

f i v e m i nu t es i n t h e i r up se t r e por t s

. B AA Q MD mu s t e n f or ce v i o l a t i on s o f t h e

s mo k i ng f l a r e r e qu i r e m e n t s a nd e n s ur e t h a t s our ces a r e a b i d i ng b y s t a t e

a nd f e d e r a l l a w

. < C o s t a , O C E. 4/17/03 >

T h i s s t a t e m en t i s a d ir e c t quo t a t i on f r o m a r epo r t b y a N e w Y o r k en v ir on m en t a l

g r oup on s m o k

i ng f l a r e s i n P o r t A r t hu r

, T e x a s . It i s no t c o rr

e c t a s a s t

a t e m en t o f

C a li f o r n i a c ond i t i on s o r l a w

. T he BAAQ MD en f

o r c e s C a li f o r n i a and BAAQ MD

r equ ir e m en t s t ha t a r e m o r e s t ri ngen t t han t he c i t ed s t anda r d s

.

69

. R ece n t s t ud i es i nd i ca t e t h a t f l a r e c ombu s t i on t ec hno l og y i s no t p e r f orm i ng

a t ex p ec t e d l e v e l s o f e ff i c i e n c y w h e n c ond i t i on s s u c h as h i gh w i nd s p ee d

a r e pr ese n t

. B AA Q MD mu s t r e qu i r e c omp a n i es t o i mpro v e c urr e n t

t ec hno l og y a nd e nh a n ce f l a r e d es i gn t o r ec t i f y t h e a ff ec t s o f

m e t e oro l og i ca l c ond i t i on s on f l a r e c ombu s t i on

. < C o s t a , O C E. 4/17/03 >

T h i s i s a l s o a d ir e c t quo t e f r o m t he P o r t A r t hu r

, T e x a s r epo r t. S ee r e s pon s e #68

. R ega r d i ng e ff i c i en cy

, s ee r e s pon s e #62

.

70

. N o t es n ee d t o b e t ake n a t A LL m ee t i ng s

- w h e t h e r t h e y a r e c ommun i t y

m ee t i ng s

, pub li c w or ks hop s

, pub li c h ea r i ng s or w or k group m ee t i ng s

.

< C o se n t i no

, C ommun i t i es f or a B e tt e r E n v i ronm e n t (CB E ) . E

- m a il.

4 / 17/ 03 >

T he Di s t ri c t gene r a ll y m a k e s s ound r

e c o r d i ng s o f w o r ks hop s bu t d

i d no t do s o

f o r

t he c o mm un i t

y m ee t i ng s on t he f l a r e m on i t o ri ng r u l e . It i s i m po r t an t t o no t e t ha t

t he m ee t i ng s w e r e c ondu c t

ed i n add i t i on t o

, no t i n li eu o f, an oppo r

t un i t y t o

s ub m i t c o mm en t.

71

. N o t es f rom c ommun i t y a nd i ndu s t r y m ee t i ng s n ee d t o b e po s t e d on t h e

D i s t r i c t ’ s w e b s i t e a nd d i s t r i bu t e d t o a ll p a r t i c i p a n t s

. Tr a n s p a r e n c y i n t h e

ru l e m ak i ng pro cess i s o f b e n e f i t t o e v e r y on e i n v o l v e d

. < C o se n t i no

, CB E.

4/17/03 >

T he Di s t ri c t r egu l a rl y m ee t s w i t h c o mm un i t

y m e m be r

s and w i t h t he i ndu s t ri e s i t

r egu l a t e s

. M an y o f t he s e m ee t

i ng s a r e i n f o r m a l

, and no t e s a r e no t t a k en

. Di s t ri c t r e s ou r c e s a v a il ab l e t o r e c o r d t he s e i n f o r m a l d i sc u ss i on s a r e li m i t ed . At

s o m e po i

n t, c o mm i t

m en t o f r e s ou r c e s t o t r an sc ri p t i on o f d i sc u ss i on s t a k e s a w a y

f r o m t he Di s t ri c t ’ s ab ili t y t o c ondu c t ou t

r ea c h and s o li

c i t v i e w s

.58

72

. F ac ili t a t i on n ee d s t o b e i mpro v e d

. Th e D i s t r i c t s hou l d h a v e bo t h a

f ac ili t a t or a nd a “ s t acke r” (t o kee p t r ack o f w ho r a i ses t h e i r h a nd f i r s t a nd

ca ll on p e op l e ) a t a ll m ee t i ng s

. A l s o t h e s t acke r s hou l d h e l p br i ng a round a

m i c rophon e w h i c h w ou l d e n s ur e e v e r y on e ca n h ea r t h e pub li c ’ s qu es t i on s

a nd c omm e n t s as w e ll as t h e D i s t r i c t s (t h e m i c rophon e w ou l d a l s o r ec ord

p e op l e ’ s c omm e n t s ) . E v e r y on e s hou l d b e a ll o w e d t o s p eak

, a nd op e n

d i sc u ss i on a bou t i ss u es s hou l d b e e n c our a g e d

. < C o se n t i no

, CB E.

4/17/03 >

C o mm en t no t

ed

. T he s e appea r

t o be r ea s onab l

e s ugge s t

i on s f o r c ondu c t

i ng

s o m e f o r m a l m ee t

i ng s

.

73

. D e v e l op a f o ll o w up p l a n w i t h t h e c ommun i t y

. Th e D i s t r i c t do es no t n ee d

t o a n s w e r e v e r y on e ’ s qu es t i on s i n t h e m ee t i ng

, bu t s hou l d d e v e l op a

f o ll o w

- up p l a n w i t h t h e c ommun i t y as t o ho w i ss u es w ill b e a ddr esse d b y

t h e D i s t r i c t

. < C o se n t i no

, CB E. 4/17/03 >

C o mm en t no t

ed

. T h i s a l s o appea r

s t o be r ea s onab l

e f o r c e r t a i n p r o c e ss e s

.

74

. A n a g e nd a n ee d s t o b e pro v i d e d a h ea d o f t i m e a nd s hou l d b e po s t e d a nd

f o ll o w e d i n t h e m ee t i ng . I und e r s t a nd t h e D i s t r i c t i n t e nd e d t o mo v e qu i ck l y

t o a dop t a f l a r e mon i t or i ng ru l e

. H o w e v e r

, t h i s s hou l d no t b e a t t h e

ex p e n se o f a m ea n i ng f u l pub li c pro cess . I r e m i nd y ou t h a t a f a l se pro cess

s u c h as t h i s v i o l a t es E n v i ronm e n t a l J u s t i ce P r i n c i p l es . E n v i ronm e n t a l

J u s t i ce P r i n c i p l e #7 E n v i ronm e n t a l J u s t i ce d e m a nd s t h e r i gh t t o p a r t i c i p a t e

as e qu a l p a r t n e r s a t e v e r y l e v e l o f d ec i s i on

- m ak i ng , i n c l ud i ng n ee d s

assess m e n t

, p l a nn i ng , i mp l e m e n t a t i on

, e n f or ce m e n t a nd e v a l u a t i on

.

< C o se n t i no

, CB E. 4/17/03 >

T he Di s t ri c t d i s ag r ee s w i t h t he v i e w t ha t t he p r o c e ss f o r de v e l op i ng t h i s

p r opo s ed r u l e w a s s o m eho w a " f

a l s e p r o c e ss

. " T

he m ee t i ng s t ha t w e r e

c ondu c t ed p r o v i ded a f o r u m f o r d i sc u ss i on o f a g r

ea t m an y i

ss ue s and c on c e r

n s

, and m an y m e m be r

s o f t he c o mm un i t

i e s t han k ed u s f o r t he e ff o r t. W e ha v e a l s o

p r o v i ded e x t en s i v e oppo r t un i t y f o r c o mm en t s i

n c e t he m ee t i ng s

. T he Di s t ri c t

a ck no w l edge s t ha t m o r e p r odu c t i v e f eedba ck and d

i sc u ss i on c ou l d ha v e

o cc u rr ed i f t he r e w e r e m o r e t i m e t o c o m p l e t e t he p r o c e ss . A s y

ou k no w , t he

2001 O z one P l an a s app r

o v ed b y t he t h r ee r eg i ona l agen c i

e s a ll o w ed t o t he end

o f 2003 t o c o m p l e t e t he f u r t he r s t ud y m ea s u r

e s . At t he r eque s t o f C BE and

othe r s , t he Di s t ri c t ag r eed t o c o m p l e t e d r a ft s o f t he f u r t he r s t ud i e s b y t he end o f

2002

. T h i s ha s l e ft u s w i t h f e w e r r e s ou r c e s t o de v o t e t o t he c on t r o l m ea s u r

e s i n

t he P l an

.

75

. I b e li e v e i t w ou l d b e o f gr ea t b e n e f i t t o t h e D i s t r i c t i n a dm i n i s t e r i ng t h i s

ru l e , i f t h e r e qu i r e m e n t w as a dd e d f or s ubm i tt a l o f a F l a r e M on i t or i ng Pl a n

f rom eac h a ff ec t e d r e f i n e r y

. Th e r e qu i r e d p l a n w ou l d i n c l ud e :

D esc r i p t i on o f a ll f l a r e mon i t or i ng a nd v i d e o mon i t or i ng e qu i pm e n t59

propo se d f or c omp li a n ce w i t h t h e ru l e ;

D e t a il e d d esc r i p t i on o f m a nu f ac t ur e r ' s s p ec i f i ca t i on s , i n c l ud i ng t y p e

,

m a nu f ac t ur e r

, mod e l, r a ng e

, pr ec i s i on

, acc ur ac y

, ca li br a t i on a nd

m a i n t e n a n ce r e qu i r e m e n t s

, a nd r ec omm e nd e d qu a li t y ass ur a n ce

pro ce dur es ;

D esc r i p t i on o f propo se d sa mp li ng l o ca t i on s f or eac h f l a r e a t t h e f ac ili t y ;

D esc r i p t i on o f propo se d t y p e o f g as c ompo s i t i on sa mp li ng a nd a n a l y t i ca l

m e t hod s t o b e u se d f or eac h f l a r e a t t h e f ac ili t y ;

D esc r i p t i on o f se l ec t e d f l o w v e r i f i ca t i on t es t m e t hod s t o b e u se d ;

D esc r i p t i on o f d a t a c o ll ec t i on a nd m a n a g e m e n t s y s t e m s ;

P ropo sa l f or a l t e rn a t i v e sa mp li ng m e t hod s / pro t o c o l s

. I t h i n k t h a t a dd i ng t h i s l e v e l o f s t ru c t ur e t o t h e n e w ru l e w ou l d b e n e f i t bo t h

t h e r e f i n e r i es a nd t h e D i s t r i c t i n o v e r a ll exec u t i on o f t h e n e w ru l e

,

es p ec i a ll y c on s i d e r i ng i nd i v i du a l s y s t e m mod i f i ca t i on s o v e r t i m e

. W il ee n

S w ee t-D odg e , E n v i ronm e n t a l M a n a g e r , E m e r a l d H ill s

, C A . E

- m a il. 4 / 17/ 03

.

T he Di s t ri c t c on s i de r ed t h i s app r oa c h

. T he S ou t h C oa s t AQ MD r

u l e r equ ir e s

s ub m i ss i on o f m on i t

o ri ng p l an s t ha t i n c l ude t he s e e l e m en t s

. H o w e v e r

, i n c o r po r a t i ng a p r o c e ss f o r p l an s ub m i

ss i on

, r e v i e w

, and app r

o v a l w ou l d

s ub s t an t i a ll y de l a y e ff e c t i v ene ss o f t

he r u l e

. Di s t ri c t s t a ff u l t i m a t e l y de c i ded t ha t

r equ ir e m en t s f o r f l a r e m on i t o ri ng c ou l d be adequa t

e l y pu t i n t o e ff e c t and

en f o r c ed t h r ough gene ri

c r u l e p r o v i s i on s

. T he Di s t ri c t be li e v e s t he p r opo s ed

r u l e

, i n c on j un c t i on w i t h o t he r i n f o r m a t i on

- ga t he ri ng t oo l s

, w ill a ll o w i t t o ob t a i n

ne c e ss a r

y f a c ili t y

- s pe c i f i c i n f o r m a t i on

, and t o t r a ck c hange s

t ha t o cc u r o v

e r t i m e

.

76

. O n ce a d a y g as c ompo s i t i on sa mp li ng a ll o w e d b y t h e ru l e c omp l e t e l y

i n v a li d a t es i t s u se f u l n ess

, a nd l e g a ll y a ll o w s 11 or mor e t on s p e r d a y o f

unmon i t or e d h y dro ca rbon e m i ss i on s

, r es u l t i ng i n li tt l e or no progr ess

t o w a rd mon i t or i ng a nd d e t e rm i n i ng B a y A r ea f l a r e e m i ss i on s

. <M a y

, C ommun i t i es f or a B e tt e r E n v i ronm e n t (CB E ) . E

- m a il. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T h i s c o mm en t w

a s ba s ed on

t he s a m p li ng t ri gge r p r opo s ed i n an ea rli

e r d r a ft.

T he t ri gge r l e v e l ha s s i n c e been m od

i f i ed and m ade m o r

e s t ri ngen t r e l a t i v e t o

t ha t ea rli e r d r a ft. E v en w i t h t he t ri gge r l e v e l i n t he ea rli e r d r a ft, a ll f l o w s w ou l d be

m on i t o r ed f o r v o l u m e

, and s o i t w

a s no t t he c a s e t ha t 11 t on s o f e m i

ss i on s w ou l d

go un m on i t

o r ed . S ee r e s pon s e #1

.

77

. Sa mp li ng s hou l d b e r e qu i r e d e v e r y 15 m i nu t es r a t h e r t h a n on ce p e r d a y

. <M a y

, CB E. 4/17/03 >

T he c u rr en t p r opo s a l a ll

o w s f ou r d i ff e r en t app r oa c he s t o s a m p li ng

. T h r ee o f t he

f ou r m e t hod s r equ ir e s a m p li ng e v e r y 15 m i nu t e s o r c on t

i nuou s l y

. M anua l

s a m p li ng

, w h i c h i s a l s o a ll o w ed

, i s li k e l y t o be u s ed

f o r f l a r e s t ha t a r e u s ed

i n f r equen t l y

. M anua l s a m

p li ng w ou l d no t be p r

a c t i c a l f o r f l a r e s u s ed r

egu l a rl y

be c au s e i t w

ou l d be c o m e c u m be r

s o m e w i t h r egu l a r u s e and w

ou l d i n v o l v e60

unne c e ss a r

y ri sks t o w o r k e r s . E v en t h i s m anua l s a m

p li ng m e t hod i s m o r e

s t ri ngen t t han t he S ou t h C oa s t AQ MD r

u l e

.

78

. R ea d il y a v a il a b l e a nd c h ea p a u t o sa mp li ng s hou l d b e r e qu i r e d t o pro t ec t

w or ke r s f rom h a z a rd s a nd t o f ac ili t a t e mor e f r e qu e n t sa mp li ng

. <M a y

, CB E. 4/17/03 >

Auto s a m p li ng i s one o f t

he m e t hod s a ll o w ed i n t he r u l e

. T he r u l e c on t i nue s t o

a ll o w m anua l s a m

p li ng be c au s e s o m e

f l a r e s ha v e no t been u s ed i

n y ea r s

, and

i m po s i ng a r equ ir e m en t t o i n s t a ll au t o

- s a m p l e r s o r c on t i nuou s ana l

y z e r s f o r

t he s e f l a r e s w ou l d no t be r

ea s onab l

e . S ee r e s pon s e #77

. A ll equ i

p m en t,

w he t he r m anua l s a m

p li ng equ i p m en t, au t

o s a m p l e r s

, o r c on t

i nuou s ana l

y z e r s

r equ ir e a tt en t i on and m a i

n t enan c e and

t he r e f o r e s o m e ri

sk t o w o r k e r s

.

79

. A v a il a b l e f l o w mon i t or i ng e qu i pm e n t h as t h e ca p a b ili t y t o d e t ec t f l o w s t e n

t i m es l o w e r t h a n t h e 50

, 000 c u ft / hour t hr es ho l d

, m ak i ng unn ecessa r y t h e

exe mp t i on s f or l o w e r f l o w s w h e r e e ff i c i e n c y m a y b e l o w e r

. <M a y

, CB E.

4/17/03 >

N o v e r s i on o f t he r u l e ha s i n c l uded s u c h an e

x e m p t i on . S ee r

e s pon s e #2

.

80

. Th e l ax “ f l o w v e r i f i ca t i on” sec t i on ( 12

- 11

- 602 ) a ll o w s t h e c ho i ce b e t w ee n

v a gu e a nd und e f i n e d m e t hod s f or qu a li t y c on t ro l o f f l o w m eas ur i ng

e qu i pm e n t a nd s hou l d b e n a rro w e d a nd d e f i n e d

. <M a y

, CB E. 4/17/03 >

Se c t i on 12

- 11

- 602 ha s been r e v i s ed t o de l e t e l e ss w e ll de f i ned v e ri f i c a t i on

m e t hod s . A l s o s ee r e s pon s e #3

.

81

. Th e f l a r e e ff i c i e n c y i s d e f i n e d as 98 % i n t h e r e gu l a t i on

, w h i c h do es no t

acc oun t f or c ond i t i on s k no w n t o ca u se e ff i c i e n c y t o go f a r b e l o w t h i s

numb e r

. <M a y

, CB E. 4/17/03 >

M o s t a r gu m en t s abou t f l a r e e ff i c i en cy t ha t ha v e been m ade

t o t he Di s t ri c t a r e

ba s ed on s e l

e c t i v e r ead i ng s o f sc i

en t i f i c and t e c hn i c a l li t e r a t u r e

, and m u c h o f

t ha t li t e r a t u r e i s no t ana l

y t i c a ll y r obu s t. T he Di s t ri c t e x pe c t s t ha t p r og r e ss w ill be

m ade i n t he nea r f u t u r e t o w a r d s unde r s t and i ng f l a r e e ff i c i en cy

. F o r i n s t an c e , t he

T e c hn i c a l C o mm i tt

ee o f t he BAAQ MD

A d v i s o r y C oun c il i

s c u rr en t l y e x p l o ri ng t he

que s t i on o f e ff i c i en cy . I n add i t i on

, an i n t e r e s t i ng f l a r e e ff i c i en cy s t ud

y i s c u rr en t l y

be i ng c ondu c t

ed b y t he T e x a s C o mm i

ss i on on E n v ir on m en t a l Q ua li t y ( T C EQ )

. T he s t ud y i s e x pe c t ed t o be c o m

p l e t ed i n 2003

.

T he p r opo s ed r u l e d i d no t r equ ir e c a l c u l a t i on o f e m i

ss i on s b y f l a r e ope r a t o r s

, and t he s pe c i f i c a t i on i n ea rli e r d r a ft s o f t he e ff i c i en cy t o be u s ed w

a s de l e t ed . At

t he r eque s t o f W

SPA and the U

n i on s a t t he M a y 8 t h f l a r e w o r k g r oup m ee t

i ng

, t he r e v i s ed r u l e r e -i n c o r po r a t e s a r equ ir e m en t f o r e m i ss i on c a l c u l a t i on s

. T he

U n i on s s ugge s t

ed u s i ng t he e ff i c i en c i e s s pe c i f i ed i n t he T e x a s r u l e ( 98 %f o r61

m o s t f l a r e s

, 93 %f

o r l o w

- B T U ga s e s )

. W h il e W SPA ha s a r

gued f o r h i ghe r

e ff i c i en cy , t he p r opo s ed r u l e i n c l ude s t he U n i on s ’ s ugge s t

i on

.

T he r ea s on i ng beh i nd s pe c i f y i ng an e ff i c i en cy f i gu r e

, a s a r t i c u l a t ed b y t he

U n i on s and W

SPA, s ee m s

t o be t ha t i t i s be tt e r t o p r o v i de t he pub li c w i t h s o m e

e s t i m a t e o f t o t a l e m i ss i on s

, e v en i f t he e s t i m a t e e m p l o ys s o m e a ss u m

p t i on s t ha t

a r e open t o deba t e

. Di s t ri c t s t a ff w a s pe r s uaded b

y t h i s r ea s on i ng

, and s o ha s

i n c o r po r a t ed a ss u m ed e ff

i c i en c i e s i n t he r e v i s ed r u l e

. H o w e v e r

, i t i s i m po r t an t t o

no t e t ha t t he s e e ff i c i en c i e s a r e s e t f o r t he na rr o w pu r po s e o f e m i

ss i on s

e s t i m a t e s t o be m ade i

n r epo r t s s ub m i tt

ed b y r e f i ne ri e s pu r s uan t t o t he r u l e

. T he

p r opo s ed r u l e doe s no t r

e s t ri c t t he Di s t ri c t o r an y one e l s e f r o m u s i ng a d i ff e r en t

e ff i c i en cy f i gu r e i n an y o t he r c on t e x t. If t he Di s t ri c t doe s u s e a d

i ff e r en t e ff i c i en cy

f i gu r e

, i t w ill o f c ou r

s e e x p l a i n i t s r ea s on i ng f o r do i ng s o . If m o r

e r e li ab l e

i n f o r m a t i on r ega r d i ng f l a r e e ff i c i en cy be c o m e s a v

a il ab l e , t he Di s t ri c t w ill c on s i de r

r e v i s i ng t he r u l e t o r e f l e c t t ha t i n f o r m a t i on

.

82

. Th e D i s t r i c t s hou l d ex p l or e a nd r e por t on a v a il a b l e m e t hod s f or

d e t e rm i n i ng f l a r e e ff i c i e n c y a nd e m i ss i on s i n t h e a t mo s ph e r e

. <M a y

, CB E.

4/17/03 >

T he A d v i s o r y C oun c il T

e c hn i c a l C o mm i tt

ee i s e x a m i n i ng t he que s t i on o f f l a r e

e ff i c i en cy

. T he Di s t ri c t i s a l s o m on i t o ri ng p r og r e ss on t he T C EQ s t ud

y

m en t i oned i n r e s pon s e #62

.

83

. P u tt i ng v i d e o mon i t or i ng o f f l a r i ng on t h e w e b w ou l d a ll o w D i s t r i c t s t a ff t o

i n s t a n t l y v i e w i n r ea l -t i m e t h e sa m e i n c i d e n t s n e i ghbor s a r e r e por t i ng

, a nd

a ll o w t h e m t o d i sc u ss f l a r i ng w i t h r e f i n e r y p e r s onn e l as e v e n t s a r e

o cc urr i ng

. <M a y

, CB E. 4/17/03 >

T he p r opo s ed r u l e doe s no t r

equ ir e w eb po s t i ng f o r t he r ea s on s d

i sc u ss ed i

n t he

s t a ff r epo r t ( s ee d i sc u ss i on o f S e c t

i on 12

- 11

- 507

) . V i deo m on i t

o ri ng r e c o r d s

m u s t be s ub m i tt

ed t o t he Di s t ri c t ea c h m on t

h

.

84

. Vi d e o mon i t or i ng r ec ord s s hou l d a l s o b e e l ec t ron i ca ll y s t or e d a t t h e

D i s t r i c t

. <M a y

, CB E. 4/17/03 >

See r e s pon s e #82

.

85

. Th e c urr e n t v e r s i on o f t h e ru l e ac t u a ll y n e g l ec t s t o r e qu i r e t h a t t h e r e f i n e r s

s ubm i t t h e v i d e o i m a g e a r c h i v es t o t h e D i s t r i c t w i t h t h e mon t h l y r e por t

. <M a y

, CB E. 4/17/03 >

Se c t i on 12

- 11

- 401 ha s been r e v i s ed t o r equ ir e s ub m i ss i on t o t he Di s t ri c t.

86

. Th e ru l e unn ecessa r il y li m i t s t h e r e qu i r e m e n t f or s t or a g e o f v i d e o

mon i t or i ng t o on e f r a m e p e r sec ond

, e ff ec t i v e l y r e du c i ng t h e v i d e o62

mon i t or i ng t o a bun c h o f s n a p s ho t s t h a t don ’ t s ho w t h e f u ll e ff ec t o f f l a m e

c h a r ac t e r i s t i cs

. <M a y

, CB E. 4/17/03 >

T he v i deo f r a m e r a t e o f t he p r opo s a l i s i n t ended t o en s u r e t ha t e l e c t r on i c v i deo

f il e s a r e o f r ea s onab l

e s i z e s o t ha t t he y c an be ea s il

y s t o r ed and d i s t ri bu t ed

. T h i s r equ ir e s a f r a m e r a t e o f one f r a m e pe r m i

nu t e , t he f r a m e r a t e f ound i n t he

p r opo s ed r u l e . At h i ghe r f r a m e r a t e s , f il e s c anno t be s en t e l

e c t r on i c a ll y and

w ou l d r equ ir e m u l t i p l e D V D s pe r m on t

h t o s t o r e t he i m age s f o r ea c h f l a r e

.

87

. Th e r ece n t l y a dd e d b l a n ke t exe mp t i on s f or mon i t or i ng s u l f ur r ec o v e r y

p l a n t s a nd f l ex i c o ke r g as i gnor e h y dro ca rbon s pr ese n t i n t h ese s t r ea m s

w h i c h ca n s i gn i f i ca n t l y a dd t o f l a r e e m i ss i on s

. <M a y

, CB E. 4/17/03 >

T he e x e m p t i on i n t he ea rli e r d r a ft r u l e w a s no t a “

b l an k e t e x e m p t i on ; ” t he

e x e m p t i on on l y e x e m p t ed t he s e f l a r e s f r o m c o m po s i t i on m on i t o ri ng f o r

h y d r o c a r bon s

. M on i t o ri ng f o r f l o w and s u l

f u r c on t en t w a s r equ ir ed

. T he

p r opo s ed r u l e en t ir e l y de l e t ed t h i s e x e m p t i on

. Di s t ri c t s t a ff i s no w

r e c o mm end

i ng i n t he r e v i s ed r u l e t o add ba ck a m o r

e li m i t ed e x e m p t i on f o r f l a r e s

bu r n i ng ga s f r o m a f l e x i c o k e r

. F o r t he s e f l a r e s , t he ope r a t o r w ou l d ha v e t o

m on i t o r f o r f l o w and s u l

f u r c on t en t. T he li m i t ed e x e m p t i on w ou l d a ll o w an

ope r a t o r t o a v o i d m on i t o ri ng f o r h y d r o c a r bon s p r o v i ded m e t hane c on c en t

r a t i on

w a s de m on s t

r a t ed t o be l e ss t han 2 % and non

- m e t

hane h y d r o c a r bon c on t en t

w a s de m on s t

r a t ed t o be l e ss t han 1 %

.

88

. Exe mp t i on s f or mon i t or i ng f l a r i ng o f op e r a t i on s o f w as t e w a t e r pond s

,

m a r i n e v esse l s

, a nd s t or a g e t a n ks c ou l d r e pr ese n t hug e e m i ss i on s a nd

s hou l d b e r e mo v e d

. <M a y

, CB E. 4/17/03 >

T he s e e x e m p t i on s a r e li m i t ed t o t he r m a l o x i d i z e r s f o r w h i c h e m i ss i on s c an be

m ea s u r ed d ir e c t l y and t o s e v e r a l s m a ll f l a r e s t ha t s e r v e a s ba ck

up t o v apo r

r e c o v e r y sys t e m s

. T he one f l a r e t ha t i s ne i t he r a t he r m a l o x i d i z e r no r a s a f

e t y

ba ck up f l a r e i s one t ha t c on t r o l s e m i ss i on s f r o m a r a il c a r l oad i ng ope r a t i on a t t he

She ll r e f i ne r y

. T he s t a ff r epo r t no w i n c l ude s a m o r

e de t a il ed d i sc u ss i on o f t he

e x e m p t i on s and t he s ou r c e s t o w h i c h t he y w ou l d app l y

.

89

. E qu i pm e n t do w n t i m e l ess t h a n 24 hour s i s exe mp t f rom r e por t i ng

. <M a y

, CB E. 4/17/03 >

T he p r opo s ed S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 401

. 7 r

equ ir e s r epo r t i ng o f do w

n t i m e e xc eed i ng 24

hou r s

. Di s t ri c t s t a ff a r e r e c o mm end

i ng i n t he r e v i s ed r u l e t o r equ ir e t ha t m on t h l y

r epo r t s i n c l ude a ll do w

n t i m e

. T h i s da t a f o r s ho r t e r do w n t i m e pe ri od s w ou l d

gene r a ll y be a v a il ab l e i n t he m on t h l y r epo r t s e v en w i t hou t t h i s e x p li c i t

r equ ir e m en t be c au s e m on i t

o ri ng da t a f r o m f l o w m e t e r s and c on t

i nuou s ana l

y z e r s

s hou l d be c on t

i nuou s da t

a ; a ll m on i t

o r do w n t i m e w ou l d t hen appea r a s da t

a

gap s

. F o r C E M s , t he r e f i ne ri e s t y p i c a ll y no t e da t a gap s due

t o m e t e r do w n t i m e

. N o t e t ha t t he r u l e r equ ir e s c a l c u l a t i on o f f l o w s i f f l o w m on i t

o r s a r e do w n

, and

s a m p li ng i f c on t i nuou s ana l

y z e r s a r e do w n

.63

90

. B o t h H 2S a nd t o t a l s u l f ur n ee d t o b e mon i t or e d ( no t t o t a l r e du ce d s u l f ur

w h i c h m i sses o x i d i z e d s u l f ur c ompound s

- sec t i on 502

. 3 3

. 2 ) . I f on l y t o t a l

s u l f ur i s m eas ur e d

, t h e n f or purpo ses o f c omp li a n ce w i t h f e d e r a l S ubp a r t J

H 2S li m i t s

, a ll o f t o t a l s u l f ur mu s t b e c on s i d e r e d as H 2S

. <M a y

, CB E.

4/17/03 >

F l a r e ga s doe s no t c on t

a i n s i gn i f i c an t a m oun t

s o f o x i d i z ed s u l f u r c o m pound s

. M on i t o ri ng o f t o t a l r edu c ed s u l

f u r i s app r op ri a t e f o r de t e r m i n i ng c o m p li an c e w i t h

t he S ubpa r t J li m i t s

, w h i c h app l y t o f l a r e s t ha t w e r e s ub j e c t t o N e w S ou r c e

R e v i e w and a r

e u s ed a s c on t

r o l de v i c e s

.

91

. C on t i nuou s mon i t or i ng i s f eas i b l e

, a nd mon i t or i ng “d i r t y ” s t r ea m s o f f u e l

g as a nd s u l f ur r ec o v e r y p l a n t s i s c ommon i n B a y A r ea r e f i n e r i es

. <M a y

, CB E. 4/17/03 >

C on t i nuou s ana l

y z e r s a r e u s ed a t r

e f i ne ri e s t o m on i t o r s u l f u r c o m pound s i n f ue l

ga s and a ft

e r s u l f u r r e c o v e r y

. F ue l ga s i s qu i t e c l ean c o m pa r ed t o f l a r e ga s

, and

an y m on i t

o ri ng a t s u l f u r r e c o v e r y p l an t s u s i ng s en s i t

i v e equ i p m en t i s

do w n s t r ea m o f s u l

f u r r e c o v e r y and r equ ir ed t a il ga s c on t

r o l un i t s

. N o r e f i ne r y i n

C a li f o r n i a o r T e x a s ha s u s ed c on t

i nuou s ana l

y z e r s on f l a r e v en t ga s

. T

he r u l e i s

s t r u c t u r ed t o en c ou r age t h i s app r oa c h

, bu t o t

he r m e t hod s m u s t be a ll

o w ed t o

en s u r e t ha t t he r u l e w ill be w o r k ab l e

.

92

. Th e pub li c r e v i e w pro cess f or t h i s ru l e m ak i ng h a d se v e r e prob l e m s w h i c h

ca n b e a v o i d e d i n t h e f u t ur e

. <M a y

, CB E. 4/17/03 >

At the d ir e c t i on o f t he AP C O/E

x e c u t i v e Off i c e r , t he s t a ff pu t t he de v e l op m en t o f

t h i s r u l e on a f a s t t r a ck . A s t he c o mm en t

e r i s a w a r e , t he 2001 O z

one P l an a s

app r o v ed b y t he t h r ee r eg i ona l agen c i

e s a ll o w ed t o t he end o f 2003

t o pu t i n t o

e ff e c t c on t r o l m ea s u r

e s an t i c i pa t ed i n t he P l an . At t he r eque s t o f C BE and

othe r s , t he Di s t ri c t ag r eed t o c o m p l e t e d r a ft s b y t he end o f 2002 . It w

a s

f o r e s eeab l e and pe r

hap s i ne v i t ab l e t ha t w e w ou l d ha v e t o e x ped i t e t h i s

r u l e m a k i ng e ff o r t and t ha t o t he r c on t r o l m ea s u r

e s w ill be s i m il a rl y e x ped i t ed

. T he Di s t ri c t ha s t ri ed t o ba l an c e t he need f o r an e x ped i t ed p r o c e ss

, a s d

ri v en b y

Pl an dead li ne s

, w i t h t he de s ir e e x p r e ss ed b y m an y f o r a m o r e t ho r ough and

de li be r a t e r u l e de v e l op m en t p r

o c e ss

.

93

. Th e ru l e propo se d b y t h e D i s t r i c t w ou l d f a il t o d e t ec t up t o 93 % o f f l a r i ng

e v e n t s

, b ase d on ac t u a l f l a r i ng d a t a s ubm i tt e d b y t h e S h e ll r e f i n e r y

, a nd

w ou l d f a il t o d e t ec t up t o 80 % o f f l a r i ng e v e n t s a t t h e C h e v ronT exac o

r e f i n e r y

. B eca u se o f i n a d e qu a t e d e t ec t i on li m i t s

, t h e propo se d ru l e w ou l d

a ll o w t h e f l a r es t o r e l ease o v e r 28 m illi on c ub i c f ee t p e r d a y o f g ases

, or a

t o t a l o f 11 t on s p e r d a y

, w i t hou t a n y mon i t or i ng

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, R e f i n e r y

Tr a d e U n i on s

- PS U Lo ca l 302 , I B E W Lo ca l 549

, L a bor e r s Lo ca l 324

, I n s u l a t or s Lo ca l 16 (U n i on s ) . E

- m a il a nd m esse ng e r

. 4 / 17/ 03 >64

N one o f t

h i s f l o w w ou l d be m i ss ed b y f l o w m e t e r s

. T he c o mm en t i

s m i s l ead i ng i n

f a ili ng t o s t a t e t ha t t he c o mm en t

e r s a r e c l a i m i ng t ha t c o m po s i t i on s a m p li ng

w ou l d no t be r

equ ir ed f o r t he s e f l o w s be c au s e

, i

n t he ir op i n i on , t he s a m p li ng

t ri gge r i n t he ea rli e r d r a ft w a s no t s u ff

i c i en t l y s t ri ngen t ( no t e t ha t t he r e v i s ed r u l e

i n c l ude s t he t ri gge r l e v e l ad v o c a t ed b y t he U n i on s i n t he ir c o mm en t

s )

. T he S he ll

and C he v

r on da t a i s no t "a c t ua l

f l a ri ng da t a" and doe s no t c o m e

f r o m f l o w

m e t e r s . It i s ba s ed on c a l

c u l a t i on s and e s t

i m a t e s and t he r e f o r e on a v e r age

f l o w s . B e c au s e a v

e r age s w ou l d m i ss t he v a ri ab ili t y t ha t i s f ound i n a c t ua l f l o w

m e t e r m ea s u r

e m en t s , t he S he ll and C he v

r on e s t i m a t e s p r o v i de no i n f o r m a t i on

t ha t c an be u s ed

t o de t e r m i ne w he t he r s a m p li ng w ou l d ha v e been r equ ir ed

unde r an y p r

opo s ed t ri gge r . It c an be s a i

d

, ho w e v e r , t ha t m o s t o f t

he S he ll

f l a ri ng e v en t s w e r e o f s u c h s ho r

t du r a t i on t ha t no s a m

p li ng w ou l d ha v e been

po ss i b l e

, r ega r d l e ss o f t he s a m p li ng t ri gge r u s ed

. It i s a l s o i m po r t an t t o no t e t ha t

t he S he ll and C he v

r on e s t i m a t e s i nd i c a t e t ha t t he s e t w o r e f i ne ri e s w e r e t oge t he r

r e s pon s i b l e f o r abou t 9 % o f a ll v

en t ga s f l a r ed du ri ng t he s t ud y pe ri od ( e xc l ud i ng

She ll 's f l e x i- ga s f l a r e f o r w h i c h s a m p li ng o r c on t

i nuou s ana l

ys i s w ou l d c l ea rl y be

r equ ir ed unde r e i t

he r t he ea rli e r o r c u rr

en t t ri gge r p r opo s a l)

.

94

. Th e propo se d ru l e i s i n a d e qu a t e b eca u se i t on l y r e qu i r es on ce p e r d a y

mon i t or i ng f or mo s t f l a r i ng e v e n t s (R u l e S ec t i on 502

. 3

. 3 . I. a ) exce p t w h e n

t h e f l o w t o t h e f l a r es excee d s 50

, 000 c ub i c f ee t i n a n y 60 m i nu t e p e r i od

. Th e B a y A r ea ' s ru l e s hou l d b e a t l eas t as s t r i ng e n t as t h e ru l es i n T exas

, Ut a h a nd Lo s A ng e l es

. Th e ru l e s hou l d r e qu i r e a u t om a t i c sa mp li ng or

c on t i nuou s c ompo s i t i on mon i t or i ng e v e r y 15 m i nu t es a ft e r a n y f l o w i s

d e t ec t e d a bo v e 0

. 1 f ee t p e r sec ond

, a nd t h e sa mp li ng s hou l d c on t i nu e

e v e r y 15 m i nu t es un t il t h e f l a r i ng ceases

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he c o m po s i t i on m on i t o ri ng t ri gge r l e v e l i n t he r e v i s ed r u l e i s i den t i c a l t o t ha t i n

t he S ou t h C oa s t AQ MD

f l a r e m on i t o ri ng r u l e

. H o w e v e r , t he s a m p li ng f r equen cy

r equ ir e m en t i s f a r m o r e s t ri ngen t t han t he S ou t h C oa s t r

u l e be c au s e i t r

equ ir e s

s a m p l e s e v e r y 15 m i nu t e s a ft e r t he t ri gge r l e v e l i s r ea c hed i f i n t eg r a t ed s a m p li ng

i s u s ed and e v

e r y 3 hou r s i f m anua l s a m

p li ng i s u s ed

. N o t e t ha t m anua l

s a m p li ng i s no t li k e l y t o be u s ed i

f a f l a r e i s i n r egu l a r u s e . S ee r

e s pon s e #77

. T he S ou t h C oa s t r

u l e on l y r equ ir e s one s a m

p l e pe r w ee k on c e s a m

p li ng i s

t ri gge r ed

.

T he T e x a s r u l e app li e s t o f l a r e s t ha t r e c e i v e ga s s t r ea m s c on t

a i n i ng a t l ea s t 5 %

h i gh l y -r ea c t i v e VO C s ( de f i ned a s 1

, 3 bu t

ad i ene

, bu t ene s

, e t h y l ene

, and

p r op y l ene

– s ee T

i t l e 30

, T e x a s A d m i n i s t r a t i v e C ode §115

. 10

)

. R e f i ne r y f l a r e

ga s t y p i c a ll y c on t a i n s l e ss t han 5 % o f t

he s e h i gh l y -r ea c t i v e VO C s

. T

he T e x a s

r u l e w a s w ri tt en f o r c he m i c a l p l an t f l a r e s and i s no t an app r

op ri a t e c o m pa r a t o r

.

T he U t ah r u l e app li e s t o l and f ill ga s c o ll

e c t i on sys t e m s and r

equ ir e s t ha t f l o w r a te

( no t c o m po s i t i on ) be m on i t

o r ed e v e r y 15 m i nu t e s " t o i den t i f y pe ri od s w hen t he

ga s f l o w ha s been d

i v e r t ed f r o m t he c on t r o l de v i c e o r pe ri

od s o f no f l o w f r o m t he65

c o ll e c t i on sys t e m

. " T he U t ah r u l e t he r e f o r e doe s no t s uppo r

t t he c o mm en t

e r ’ s

a ss e r t i on r ega r d i ng f r equen cy o f c o m

po s i t i on m on i t o ri ng

. R ega r

d i ng f l o w r a t e

m on i t o ri ng , t he U t ah r u l e i s c l ea rl y l e ss s t ri ngen t t han t he p r opo s ed r u l e

, w h i c h

r equ ir e s c on t i nuou s m on i t

o ri ng o f f l o w r a t e

.

95

. Th e d e t ec t i on li m i t s r e qu i r e d b y t h e ru l e w ill f a ll t o d e t ec t m a n y f l a r i ng

e v e n t s

, d es p i t e t h e f ac t t h a t mu c h mor e acc ur a t e t ec hno l og y i s r ea d il y

a v a il a b l e

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he r u l e r equ ir e s a ll f l o w s t o be m ea s u r

ed and r epo r t ed ( s ee S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 401 )

. T he c o mm en t i

s ba s ed on a m i

s i n t e r p r e t a t i on o f S e c t

i on 12

- 11

- 501

, w

h i c h

s pe c i f i e s a s e ri e s o f r equ ir e m en t s f o r an y de v

i c e u s ed t o m ea s u r

e f l o w

. T he s e

r equ ir e m en t s c an

, a t p r

e s en t, be m e t on l

y b y u l t r a s on i c f l o w m e t e r s . A m a j o r

m anu f a c t u r e r gua r an t ee s t he s e m e t

e r s t o be a cc u r

a t e t o w i t h i n 5 % o v e r t he

r ange f r o m 1 t o 275 f ee t pe r s e c ond

. S pe c i f y i ng t h i s f l o w v e l o c i t y r ange doe s no t

m ean t ha t t he m e t e r doe s no t m ea s u r

e l o w e r f l o w s ; i t j u s t doe s s o w

i t h r edu c ed

a cc u r a cy

.

96

. Th e propo se d ru l e on l y r e qu i r es mon i t or i ng o f w h a t go es i n t o t h e f l a r e

, no t

w h a t c om es ou t a nd ass um es t h a t 98 % o f f l a r e g as i s d es t ro y e d

. A n

es t i m a t e d e ff i c i e n c y o f 98 % s hou l d on l y b e a ll o w e d w h e n t h e r e qu i r e m e n t s

o f 40 C F R §60

. 18 a r e m e t

. A t a ll o t h e r t i m es

, a n es t i m a t e d e ff i c i e n c y o f 80 %

s hou l d b e u se d

, w h i c h i s t h e l o w es t r e por t e d e ff i c i e n c y i n s t ud i es r e li e d

upon b y t h e D i s t r i c t f or a l a rg e f l a r e

. Th e B AA Q MD s hou l d c ondu c t a f l a r e

d es t ru c t i on e ff i c i e n c y s t ud y t o a n a l y z e ac t u a l e ff i c i e n c y i n t h e f i e l d

, a nd t h e

r es u l t s o f t h a t s t ud y m a y b e u se d t o r e f i n e t h e ru l e

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

See r e s pon s e #81

.

97

. Th e exe mp t i on s f or m a r i n e v esse l l o a d i ng

, s u l f ur r ec o v e r y p l a n t f l a r es

, f l ex i c o ke r f l a r es

, t h e rm a l o x i d i z e r s

, a nd org a n i c li qu i d s t or a g e s hou l d b e

r e mo v e d f rom t h e ru l e

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he e x e m p t i on f o r s u l f u r r e c o v e r y p l an t s and f l e x i c o k e r f l a r e s w a s r e m o v ed f r o m

t he p r opo s ed r u l e . St a ff i s no w r e c o mm end

i ng and ha s i

n c l uded i

n t he r e v i s ed

r u l e a li m i t ed e x e m p t i on f o r f l e x i c o k e r f l a r e s

. T he s t a ff r epo r t p r o v i de s

j u s t i f i c a t i on s f o r t he o t he r e x e m p t i on s i n c l uded i

n t he r u l e . A ll o f t

he e x e m p t ed

de v i c e s

, e xc ep t f o r f l a r e s e x e m p t ed b y S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 110

, a r

e t he r m a l o x i d i z e r s

,

w h i c h

, un li k e f l a r e s

, a r e en c l o s ed c o m bu s t

i on de v i c e s t ha t e x hau s t c o m bu s t

i on

p r odu c t s t h r ough a du c t o r s t

a ck w he r e t he y c an be d

ir e c t l y m ea s u r

ed

. T he

p r opo s ed r u l e r equ ir e s m on i t o ri ng o f t he ga s i npu t t o f l a r e s be c au s e

t he r e i s no

r ead il y

- a v a il ab l e m ean s t o d ir e c t l y m ea s u r

e f l a r e e m i ss i on s ( t hough s o m e

r e m o t e s en s i ng de v i c e s a r e be i ng u s ed i

n r e s ea r c h )

. T he r e i s no u s e f

u l pu r po s e

i n i m po s i ng f l a r e m on i t o ri ng r equ ir e m en t s on de v i c e s f r o m w h i c h e m i ss i on s c an

be d ir e c t l y m ea s u r

ed

. F o r a d i sc u ss i on o f t he f l a r e s e x e m p t ed b y S e c t i on 12

- 11-

110

, s ee r

e s pon s e #99

.66

98

. Th e s t a ff r e por t pro v i d es no j u s t i f i ca t i on f or t h e d i s t i n c t i on b e t w ee n f l a r es

a nd t h e rm a l o x i d i z e r s or t h e ass um e d d e m i n i mu s [ s ic ] e m i ss i on s

. < D rur y

a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T h i s c o mm en t w

a s m ade on an ea rli

e r d r a ft o f t he s t a ff r epo r t. T he s t a ff r epo r t

d i sc u ss i on o f t h i s i ss ue ha s been e

x panded . A s no t ed i n r e s pon s e #92 , t

he r m a l

o x i d i z e r s and f l a r e s a r e d i ff e r en t de v i c e s

. T he t he r m a l o x i d i z e r de f i n i t i on i n t he

p r opo s ed r u l e ( Se c t i on 12

- 11

-

209 ) c l a ri f i e s t h i s d i s t i n c t i on

. T he F o x c o mm en t

s

a r e i n c o rr e c t i n c l a i m i ng t ha t “ a t he r m a l o x i d i z e r i s a f l a r e

. ” T he d i s t i n c t i on d r a w n

be t w een t he t w o i n m o s t a ir po ll u t

i on c on t r o l li t e r a t u r e i s t he s a m e a s

t ha t d r a w n

b y t he added l

anguage : a t

he r m a l o x i d i z e r e x hau s t s c o m bu s t

i on p r odu c t s

t h r ough a du c t o r s t

a ck w he r e e m i ss i on s c an be d

ir e c t l y m ea s u r

ed

. F o r t ha t

r ea s on

, i t w

ou l d s e r v e no u s e f

u l pu r po s e t o i m po s e r equ ir e m en t s t o m on i t o r ga s

go i ng t o a t he r m a l o x i d i z e r w hen t he c o m bu s t

i on p r odu c t s c an be d

ir e c t l y

m ea s u r ed i n t he s t a ck

.

99

. Th e exe mp t i on f or org a n i c li qu i d s t or a g e a nd d i s t r i bu t i on [ i n S ec t i on 12

- 11-

110 ] i s no t j u s t i f i e d b eca u se e m i ss i on s a r e h i gh e nough t o w a rr a n t

c on ce rn

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he s t a ff r epo r t s t a t e s t ha t t h i s e x e m p t i on w ou l d app l y t o s i x s ou r c e s i n t he

Di s t ri c t: a ba ck

up s a f e t y f l a r e f o r a p r opane t an k a t t he T e s o r o r e f i ne r y

, a s i m il a r

f l a r e f o r a bu t ane s phe r e a t t he V a l e r o r e f i ne r y , t h r ee ba ck up f l a r e s f o r v apo r

r e c o v e r y sys t e m s on t an ks a t t he S he ll r e f i ne r y

, and a f l a r e f o r t he LP G r

a il c a r

l oad i ng ope r a t i on a t t he S he ll r e f i ne r y . A ll bu t t

he LP G l oad i ng f l a r e a r e

s e c onda r

y c on t r o l de v i c e s t ha t a r e u s ed w

hen a v apo r r e c o v e r y sys t e m f a il s o r i s

be i ng m a i n t a i ned

. T he F o x c o mm en t

s c l a i m t ha t “ t he e m i ss i on s f r o m t he S he ll

t an k f l a r e s w e r e 1

. 2 t on s pe r y

ea r o f VO C s and 0

. 1 t

on / y r o f SO 2 ” a s

t he ba s i s

f o r an a r gu m en t t ha t t he f l a r e s s hou l d no t be e

x e m p t f r o m t he r u l e

. T he VO C

e m i ss i on s a r e 6

. 6 pound

s pe r da y

. F r o m t he pe r s pe c t i v e o f t he p r opo s ed r u l e

, t he s e e m i

ss i on s a r e de m i n i m i s and do no t w

a rr an t t he k i nd o f m on i t

o ri ng t ha t

t he r u l e r equ ir e s f o r f l a r e s

, w h i c h c an po t

en t i a ll y e m i t VO C s a t a r

a t e t h r ee o r

f ou r o r de r s o f m agn i t ude h i

ghe r . I n add i t i on

, a ll o f t

he s e s ou r

c e s a r e c on t r o l

de v i c e s u s ed t o c o m p l y w i t h o t he r Di s t ri c t r egu l a t i on s

.

100

. Th e exe mp t i on f or f l a r es a nd t h e rm a l o x i d i z e r s u se d t o c on t ro l m a r i n e

v esse l l o a d i ng s hou l d b e e li m i n a t e d b eca u se t h e r e i s no d a t a t o c on f i rm

t h a t t h e y h a v e n e g li g i b l e e m i ss i on s

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he r m a l o x i d i z e r s a r e u s ed a t t

he C he v r on

, C ono c oPh illi

p s

, and S he ll r e f i ne ri e s

t o m ee t R egu l

a t i on 8

, R u l

e 44 c on t

r o l r equ ir e m en t s

. N o m a ri

ne l oad i ng t e r m i na l

u s e s a f l a r e f o r c on t r o l

. T he t he r m a l o x i d i z e r s a t t he t h r ee m a ri ne t e r m i na l s ha v e

h i gh e ff i c i en c i e s t ha t a r e m anda t

ed b y t he r u l e and b y pe r m i t c ond i t i on s and c an

be d ir e c t l y v e ri f i ed b y s ou r c e t e s t s . B e c au s e

t he s e de v

i c e s a r e

, b y de f i n i t i on

, t he r m a l o x i d i z e r s , t he y a r e no t s ub j e c t t o t he r u l e

. T h i s e x e m p t i on i s t he r e f o r e

i n c l uded m e r

e l y t o c l a ri f y t he ir e x e m p t s t a t u s . I n an y c a s e

, i t w

ou l d s e r v e no

u s e f u l pu r po s e t o i m po s e t he f l a r e m on i t o ri ng r u l e r equ ir e m en t s on t he s e de v

i c e s67

be c au s e e m i

ss i on s c an be d

ir e c t l y de t e r m i ned t h r ough a s ou r

c e t e s t o f t he

t he r m a l o x i d i z e r s t a ck

.

101

. Th e exe mp t i on f or t h e rm a l o x i d i z e r s u se d t o c on t ro l e m i ss i on s f rom

w as t e w a t e r t r ea t m e n t s y s t e m s s hou l d b e e li m i n a t e d b eca u se e m i ss i on s

f rom w as t e w a t e r s y s t e m s a r e s i gn i f i ca n t

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he F o x c o mm en t s ugge s t

s t ha t be c au s e w

a s t e w a t e r t r ea t m en t sys t

e m s a s a

c a t ego r y m a y ha v

e s i gn i f i c an t e m i ss i on s , t he r m a l o x i d i z e r s t ha t c on t r o l

w a s t e w a t e r s ou r c e s s hou l

d be s ub j e c t t o t he f l a r e m on i t o ri ng r u l e . B u t e m i

ss i on s

f r o m t he r m a l o x i d i z e r s a r e d ir e c t l y v e ri f i ab l e ; i m po s i ng r equ ir e m en t s t o m on i t o r

ga s f l o w t o an o x i d i z e r w ou l d be unne c e ss a r

y . I n an y c a s e , t

he s e de v

i c e s a r e

e x e m p t b y de f i n i t i on . S ee r

e s pon s e s #98 and #100

.

102

. S u l f ur r ec o v e r y p l a n t f l a r es s hou l d no t b e exe mp t b eca u se o f t h e po t e n t i a l

f or org a n i c e m i ss i on s

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T h i s e x e m p t i on ha s been d

r opped

.

103

. F l ex i c o ke r f l a r es s hou l d no t b e exe mp t f rom mon i t or i ng f or h y dro ca rbon

a nd m e t h a n e c ompo s i t i on b eca u se f l ex i c o ke r g ases m a y c on t a i n e l e v a t e d

c on ce n t r a t i on s o f m e t h a n e a nd o t h e r h y dro ca rbon s

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T h i s e x e m p t i on w a s d r opped f r o m t he p r opo s ed r u l e . St a ff a r e r e c o mm end

i ng

and ha v e i n c l uded i

n t he r e v i s ed r u l e a li m i t ed e x e m p t i on f r o m h y d r o c a r bon and

m e t hane m on i t

o ri ng ( Se c t i on 12

- 11

- 114

)

. T he e x e m p t i on i s c ond i t i oned upon a

w ee k l y l ab ana l ys i s s ho w i ng t ha t m e t hane and non

- m e t

hane h y d r o c a r bon s a r e

no t f ound i n e l e v a t ed c on c en t

r a t i on s ( m e t hane c on t

en t m u s t be l

e ss t han 2 %

and non

- m e t

hane h y d r o c a r bon c on t en t m u s t be l

e ss t han 1 % )

.

104

. Th e d e f i n i t i on s o f f l a r e a nd t h e rm a l o x i d i z e r a r e i n a d e qu a t e

. < D rur y a nd

Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he s e de f i n i t i on s ha v e been c l

a ri f i ed

. Language i

n t he de f i n i t i on o f t he r m a l

o x i d i z e r m a k e s i t c l ea r t ha t a t he r m a l o x i d i z e r e x hau s t s c o m bu s t

i on p r odu c t s

t h r ough a v en t, du c t, o r s t

a ck t ha t a ll o w s d ir e c t m ea s u r

e m en t o f c o m bu s t

i on

p r odu c t s . S ee r e s pon s e #98

.

105

. Th e v e n t g as d e f i n i t i on s s hou l d no t exc l ud e purg e a nd p il o t g ases b eca u se

on l y v e n t g as i s mon i t or e d f or c ompo s i t i on

, a nd t h ese g ases m a y c on t a i n

h y dro ca rbon s

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

M o s t o f t he f l a r e s a t r e f i ne ri e s i n t he Di s t ri c t u s e w a t e r s ea l s and do no t u s e

pu r ge ga s a t a ll

. F o r t ho s e t ha t do

, na t u r

a l ga s i s u s ed

. R equ iri ng c o m po s i t i on

m on i t o ri ng w ou l d be po i n t l e ss . If t he r e w e r e a r ea s on t o r equ ir e t h i s m on i t o ri ng

,68

c hang i ng t he de f i n i t i on o f v en t ga s w

ou l d no t be t he app r op ri a t e w a y t o

a cc o m p li s h t h i s pu r po s e

.

106

. Th e ru l e s hou l d b e mod i f i e d t o r e qu i r e po s t i ng o f mon t h l y r e por t s on t h e

D i s t r i c t w e b s i t e w i t h i n 24 hour s

, p l ac i ng c op i es i n li br a r i es

, a nd

pr e p a r a t i on a nd d i s t r i bu t i on o f CD s c on t a i n i ng a ll s uppor t i ng d a t a

. < D rur y

a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he Di s t ri c t w ill c on s i de r u s e o f t

he Di s t ri c t w eb s i t e . S ee r e s pon s e #10

.

107

. Th e r e por t i ng r e qu i r e m e n t s a ll o w e m i ss i on ca l c u l a t i on s t o ass um e a f l a r e

c on t ro l e ff i c i e n c y o f 98 %

. Th e s t ud i es do no t s uppor t t h i s ass ump t i on

, a nd

w e r ec omm e nd t h a t t h e sec t i on b e a m e nd e d t o a dop t t h e T NRCC a ppro ac h

.

< D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

See r e s pon s e #81

.

108

. Th e l a ngu a g e i n S ec t i on 12

- 11

- 501

. 2 s hou l d b e mod i f i e d t o r ea d : “Th e

d e v i ce s h a ll c on t i nuou s l y m eas ur e v e l o c i t y o v e r t h e f u ll po t e n t i a l r a ng e o f

op e r a t i on o f eac h c o v e r e d f l a r e

, f rom a m i n i mum v e l o c i t y o f 0

. 1 ft / sec t o t h e

m ax i mum ex p ec t e d f or eac h i nd i v i du a l f l a r e

, bu t no l o w e r t h a n 275 ft / sec

.

< D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T h i s c o mm en t r

e f l e c t s a c on c e r

n t ha t t he s pe c i f i c a t i on (i n S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 501

. 2

)

t ha t t he f l o w m ea s u r

e m en t de v

i c e m ea s u r

e s t he v e l o c i t y r ange f r o m 0

. 5 t o 275

f ee t pe r s e c ond i

s a li m i t a t i on on t he r equ ir e m en t i n S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 401 t

o r epo r t

a ll f l o w s . S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 501 i

s i n t ended a s a de v

i c e s pe c i f i c a t i on t ha t e ff e c t i v e l y

d i c t a t e s u l t r a s on i c m e t e r s

. T he v e l o c i t y s pe c i f i c a t i on doe s no t m ean

t ha t t he

m e t e r i s i n c apab l e o f m ea s u ri

ng l o w e r f l o w s ; i t j u s t doe s s o w

i t h r edu c ed

a cc u r a cy

.

109

. W e r ec omm e nd t h a t t h e ru l e b e r e v i se d t o r e qu i r e a m i n i mum acc ur ac y o f

5 % o v e r t h e e n t i r e f l o w r a ng e

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he p r opo s ed r u l e d i d no t i n c l ude an a cc u r

a cy s pe c i f i c a t i on f o r t he f l o w

m on i t o ri ng de v i c e

. T he r e v i s ed r u l e no w i n c l ude s an a cc u r

a cy s pe c i f i c a t i on i n

Se c t i on 12

- 11

- 501

.

110

. Sec t i on 501

. 4 s hou l d b e mod i f i e d t o r e qu i r e t h a t t h e mon i t or b e l o ca t e d ' on

t h e m a i n f l a r e h ea d e r

, a ft e r t h e k no ck

- ou t po t a nd a dd i t i on o f a n y

s upp l e m e n t a r y f u e l' t o ass ur e t h a t i t m eas ur es t h e f l o w t h a t i s ac t u a ll y

c ombu s t e d

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he s ugge s t

ed l anguage i

s t oo p r e sc ri p t i v e and

, i n s o m e c a s e s

, w

ou l d d i c t a t e

t he i n s t a ll a t i on o f a f l o w m e t e r w i t h i n t he r ad i a t i on z one o f a f

l a r e

. T he hea t

w ou l d de s t r o y t he m e t e r

.69

111

. W e r ec omm e nd t h a t S ec t i on 501

. 3 b e mod i f i e d t o r e qu i r e mo l ec u l a r w e i gh t

, t e mp e r a t ur e

, a nd pr ess ur e t o b e c on t i nuou s l y m eas ur e d

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T i m e o f f li gh t u l t r a s on i c m e t e r s au t o m a t i c a ll y m a k e t he s e m ea s u r

e m en t s i n o r de r

t o p r odu c e v o l u m e t ri c f l o w ou t pu t s i n s t anda r d c ub i c f ee t. I n c l ud

i ng t he s e

r equ ir e m en t s i n t he de v i c e s pe c i f i c a t i on w ou l d p r e c l ude c o m

pe t i ng t e c hno l og i e s

t ha t m i gh t o ff e r s upe ri o r pe r f o r m an c e w

i t hou t r e l y i ng on t he s e m ea s u r

e m en t s

. T he p r opo s ed r u l e add s a r equ ir e m en t t ha t m o l e c u l a r w e i gh t da t a be r epo r t ed i f

a v a il ab l e f r o m t he f l o w m e t e r ( Se c t i on 12

- 11

- 401 )

.

112

. W e r ec omm e nd t h a t S ec t i on 501

. 3 b e mod i f i e d t o r e qu i r e t h a t t h e mon i t or s

b e m a i n t a i n e d acc ord i ng t o v e ndor s p ec i f i ca t i on s a nd a nnu a ll y ca li br a t e d

t o s p ec i f i ca t i on s

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

A ll d r a ft s o f t he r u l e ha v e i n c l uded a r

equ ir e m en t (i n S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 506

. 3

) t ha t

m e t e r s be m a i n t a i ned and c a li

b r a t ed i n a cc o r dan c e w i t h t he m anu f

a c t u r e r 's

s pe c i f i c a t i on s

.

113

. B eca u se o f w or ke r sa f e t y i ss u es

, w e s ugg es t t h a t t h e ru l e s t a t e t h a t

m a nu a l sa mp li ng m a y b e no t b e u se d

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T he p r opo s ed r u l e doe s no t i

n c l ude a p r

o v i s i on f o r m anua l s a m

p li ng

. H o w e v e r

, Di s t ri c t s t a ff ha v e c on c l uded

t ha t m anua l s a m

p li ng i s an app r

op ri a t e op t i on f o r

f l a r e s t ha t a r e u s ed i n f r equen t l y

. F o r t he s e f l a r e s

, w h i c h m a y c o m bu s t v

en t ga s

l e ss t han on c e pe r y

ea r

, i n s t a ll a t i on o f au t o

- s a m p l e r s o r c on t i nuou s ana l

y z e r s

w ou l d be un r ea s onab l

e . I n add

i t i on , t he m a i n t enan c e ne c e ss a r

y t o k eep t h i s

equ i p m en t i n a s t a t e o f r ead i ne ss w ou l d i n v o l v e g r ea t e r w o r k e r e x po s u r e t o ri sk

t han w ou l d an o cc a s i

ona l need

t o s a m p l e m anua ll

y

. T he r e v i s ed r u l e t he r e f o r e

i n c l ude s a m anua l s a m

p li ng op t i on

. T h i s op t i on u s e s t he s t ri ngen t S ou t

h C oa s t

AQ MD t ri gge r f o r s a m p li ng

.

T h i s m anua l s a m

p li ng op t i on w ou l d p r obab l y no t be p r

a c t i c a l f o r f l a r e s t ha t a r e

u s ed w i t h s o m e r egu l a ri t y

. T he need t o c on t i nua ll y t a k e s a m p l e s w ou l d be

bu r den s o m e

, and w

ou l d li k e l y r e s u l t i n m i ss ed s a m

p l e s . B e c au s e o f t

he s e

c on s i de r a t i on s , t he Di s t ri c t e x pe c t s t ha t t he u s e o f m anua l s a m

p li ng w ill be

r e s t ri c t ed t o l o w u s age

f l a r e s

.

114

. Th e dr a ft ru l e ' s t r i gg e r o f 50

, 000 s t a nd a rd c ub i c f ee t i n a n hour w i t h

sa mp l es r e qu i r e d w i t h i n 15 m i nu t es f or a u t o

- sa mp l e r s a nd 30 m i nu t es f or

m a nu a l sa mp li ng a nd w i t h s ub se qu e n t sa mp l es e v e r y t hr ee hour s

t h e r ea ft e r m ea n s t h a t sa mp l es a r e t ake n a t f l o w s t h a t a r e t oo h i gh

, t oo l ong

a ft e r f l a r i ng s t a r t s

, a nd t oo i n f r e qu e n t l y t h e r ea ft e r

. Th e ru l e s hou l d b e

mod i f i e d t o r e qu i r e t h a t sa mp li ng c omm e n ce w i t h i n 15 m i nu t es o f t h e

d e t ec t i on o f f l o w a nd t o r e du ce t h e sa mp li ng f r e qu e n c y t o e v e r y 15

m i nu t es

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >70

At the f l a r e w o r k g r oup m ee t

i ng on A p ril 18 t

h

, s i gn i f i c an t t i m e w a s s pen t

d i sc u ss i ng t he t ri gge r l e v e l f o r c o m po s i t i on s a m p li ng . B a s ed on

t he s e

d i sc u ss i on s , t he p r opo s ed r u l e s pe c i f i ed a c o m

po s i t i on s a m p li ng t ri gge r l e v e l o f

6

, 000 s t anda r d c ub i c f ee t i n 15 m i nu t e s

, w h i c h r ep r e s en t ed a f l o w v e l o c i t y o f

app r o x i m a t e l y 0

. 5 f ee t pe r s e c ond

, t he l o w e s t v e l o c i t y t ha t Di s t ri c t s t a ff f e l t w ou l d

r ep r e s en t r ea l f l o w s t o t he f l a r e ( s ee r e s pon s e #1 ) . At t

he M a y 8 t h w o r k g r oup

m ee t i ng

, r e f i ne r y r ep r e s en t a t i v e s s ugge s t

ed t ha t t he t ri gge r w a s t oo s en s i t

i v e

, and t he U n i on s p r opo s ed u s e o f t

he S ou t h C oa s t AQ MD

t ri gge r

. T he r e v i s ed

r u l e i n c o r po r a t e s t he S ou t h C oa s t s a m

p li ng t ri gge r

, w i t h s a m p li ng t o beg i n w i t h i n

15 m i nu t e s . S a m p li ng w ou l d t hen be r equ ir ed e v e r y 3 hou r s w i t h t he m anua l

s a m p li ng op t i on

, e v e r y 15 m i nu t e s w i t h i n t eg r a t ed s a m p li ng

, and c on t

i nuou s l y

w i t h c on t i nuou s ana l

y z e r s

. T he s e r equ ir e m en t s f o r s a m p li ng f r equen cy a r

e f a r

m o r e s t ri ngen t t han t he S ou t h C oa s t AQ MD r

equ ir e m en t s ( w h i c h s pe c i f y one

s a m p l e a ft e r t he t ri gge r i s r ea c hed and a w

ee k l y s a m p l e t he r ea ft e r)

.

115

. Sec t i on 12

- 1

- 502 s hou l d b e r e v i se d t o r e qu i r e t h a t bo t h t o t a l s u l f ur a nd H 2 S

b e m eas ur e d b eca u se o x i d i z e d s u l f ur c ompound s a r e i n c l ud e d i n v e n t g as

s t r ea m s

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

O x i d i z ed s u l f u r w ou l d no t t y p i c a ll y be f ound i n f l a r e v en t ga s i n s i gn i f i c an t

quan t i t i e s

.

116

. Sec t i on 502 s hou l d b e mod i f i e d t o r e qu i r e t h a t op ac i t y a nd n e t h ea t c on t e n t

b e mon i t or e d u s i ng t h e m e t hod s i n 40 C F R 60

. 18 t o e n s ur e t h a t t h e c on t ro l

e ff i c i e n c y

i s m e t

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

O pa c i t y m on i t o ri ng r equ ir ed b y 40 C F R §60

. 18 i

s ba s ed on Me t

hod 22

, a v

i s ua l

ob s e r v a t i on m e t hod

. T he Di s t ri c t a lr ead y u s e s v i s ua l ob s e r v

a t i on m e t hod s t o

en f o r c e a t h r ee

- m i nu t e

- pe r- hou r li

m i t on a ll f l a r e s

, w he t he r t he y a r e s ub j e c t t o t he

N SPS o r no t. T

he Di s t ri c t s t anda r d i s m o r e s t ri ngen t t han t he N SPS s t

anda r d

. S a m p li ng

, i n t eg r a t ed s a m p li ng

, and G C ana l ys i s a lr ead y s pe c i f i ed i n t he r u l e

w ou l d p r o v i de c o m po s i t i on da t a t ha t w ou l d a ll o w t he hea t c on t

en t t o be

c a l c u l a t ed

.

117

. W e r ec omm e nd t h a t R e gu l a t i on 12

, R u l e 11 b e ex p a nd e d t o r e qu i r e t h a t

eac h r e f i n e r y u se a n op t i ca l, r e mo t e

- se n s i ng i n s t rum e n t ca p a b l e o f

m eas ur i ng bo t h S 02 a nd h y dro ca rbon s i n f l a r e ex h a u s t g ases

. < D rur y a nd

Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

O p t i c a l r e m o t e s en s i ng equ i p m en t i s c u rr en t l y u s ed i n f l a r e e ff i c i en cy r e s ea r c h

. T h i s equ i p m en t i s l a r ge

, c o m p li c a t ed

, e x t r e m e l y c o s t l y

, and r equ ir e s h i gh lyt r a i ned ope r a t o r s . O pen

-

pa t h pa ss i v e FT I R sys t e m s r e l y on r ad i a t i on d i ff e r en c e s

be t w een ho t f l a r e c o m bu s t

i on ga s e s and ba ck

g r ound and ha v

e h i ghe r li m i t s o f

de t e c t i on t han a c t i v e FT I R sys t e m s w h i c h u s e a r

ad i a t i on s ou r c e

. FT I R

m ea s u r e m en t s depend upon k

eep i ng t he p l u m e w

i t h i n t he i n s t r u m en t ’ s f i e l d o f

de t e c t i on . P a ss i v e FT I R i s no t s u i t

ab l e f o r f l a r e m on i t o ri ng be c au s e

t he f l a r e

p l u m e v a ri e s i n s i z e and s hape w

i t h f l a ri ng r a t e and m o v

e s w i t h w i nd

. F l a r e71

s t ud i e s r equ ir e sk ill ed ope r a t o r s t o en s u r e t ha t t he p l u m e r

e m a i n s w i t h i n t he

i n s t r u m en t ’ s w i ndo w

.

118

. W e r ec omm e nd t h a t S ec t i on 506

. 1 b e mod i f i e d t o r e qu i r e r ec ord kee p i ng o f

a ll p e r i od s o f mon i t or i nop e r a t i on a nd mon t h l y r e por t i ng o f t h e

acc umu l a t e d do w n t i m e f or eac h mon i t or

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

Di s t ri c t s t a ff a r e r e c o mm end

i ng i n S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 401

. 7 o f t

he r e v i s ed r u l e t ha t a ll

pe ri od s o f m on i t

o r i nope r a t i on be r epo r t ed

.

119

. W e r ec omm e nd t h a t S ec t i on 506

. 2 b e mod i f i e d t o r e qu i r e t h a t a n y f ac ili t y

e l ec t i ng t o u se a c on t i nuou s a n a l y z e r mu s t a l s o ob t a i n e qu i pm e n t t o a ll o w

m a nu a l or a u t o

- sa mp li ng w h e n t h e c on t i nuou s a n a l y z e r i s do w n a nd u se i t

t o c o ll ec t a m i n i mum o f on e sa mp l e e v e r y t hr ee hour s

. < D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

I n t he r e v i s ed r u l e , t he s a m p li ng i n t e r v a l f o r m anua l s a m

p li ng i s t h r ee hou r s ( s ee

Se c t i on 12

- 11

- 502

. 3

. W

hen a c on t

i nuou s ana l

y z e r i s do w n , t h i s w ou l d be t he

de f au l t s a m p li ng i n t e r v a l

.

120

. A n e w sec t i on s hou l d b e a dd e d t o S ec t i on 506 t h a t r e qu i r es t h a t f l o w r a t e

b e es t i m a t e d w h e n t h e f l o w m e t e r i s ou t o f se r v i ce u s i ng e i t h e r t h e

m e t hod s i n S ec t i on 602 a nd / or f l a m e l e ng t h as r ec ord e d b y t h e v i d e o

.

< D rur y a nd Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

T h i s s e c t i on i n t he r e v i s ed r u l e no w r equ ir e s t ha t f l o w be e s t

i m a t ed u s i ng good

eng i nee ri ng p r a c t i c e s

, w h i c h w ou l d a ll o w u s e o f t

he m e t hod s i n S e c t i on 602

, a

f l a m e l eng t h m e t hod

, o r o t he r m e t hod s a s a v a il ab l e

.

121

. W e r ec omm e nd t h a t S ec t i on 506

. 3 b e mod i f i e d t o r e qu i r e a nnu a l

m a i n t e n a n ce a nd f i e l d z e ro i ng o f u l t r as on i c v e l o c i t y m e t e r s

. < D rur y a nd

Fo x

, U n i on s

. 4 / 17/ 03 >

A ll d r a ft s o f t he r u l e ha v e i n c l uded a r

equ ir e m en t (i n S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 506

. 3

) t ha t

m e t e r s be m a i n t a i ned and c a li

b r a t ed i n a cc o r dan c e w i t h t he m anu f

a c t u r e r 's

s pe c i f i c a t i on s

.



### W ri tt en C o mm en ts R e c ei v ed in C onne ct ion w i t h M a y 21 st H earing

Th e pub li c h ear i n g no ti ce f o r t h e M a y

21s t h ear i n g on t h e re v i s e d r u l e i nd i ca t e d t h a t c o mm e n t s

w ou l d b e acce p t e d du r i n g t h e p er i od fr o m A p r il 21s t t o M a y 12 t h. N o c o mm e n t s w ere rece i v e d

du r i n g t h a t p er i od, bu t t h e f o ll o w i n g c o mm e n t s w ere rece i v e d j us t p r i o r t o t h e M a y 21s t h ear i n g

.

122

. Sec t i on 401

. 7 w a i v es r e por t i ng r e qu i r e m e n t s dur i ng mon i t or i ng s y s t e m

br eak do w n s l ess t h a n 24 hour s

. B AA Q MD s hou l d c on s i d e r r e v i s i ng t h i s72

sec t i on t o ass ur e t h a t t h e 24

- hour r e por t i ng exe mp t i on du e t o mon i t or i ng

s y s t e m br eak do w n s i s r e du ce d or e li m i n a t e d

. < EP A . E

- m a il. 5 / 20 / 03 >

EPA e x a m i ned t he p r opo s ed r u l e

. T he r e v i s ed r u l e r equ ir e s r epo r t i ng o f a ll

m on i t o r do w n t i m e

.

123

. Sec t i on 506 w a i v es mon i t or i ng r e qu i r e m e n t s dur i ng br eak do w n c ond i t i on s

. B AA Q MD s hou l d c on s i d e r r e v i s i ng t h i s sec t i on c on s i s t e n t w i t h mor e

s t r i ng e n t r e qu i r e m e n t s i n S ou t h C o as t R u l e 1118 a nd t o ass ur e t h a t

br eak do w n exe mp t i on s a r e as s hor t as po ss i b l e

. < EP A

. 5 / 20 / 03 >

Se c t i on 12

- 11

- 506 doe s no t w a i v e m on i t o ri ng r equ ir e m en t s du ri ng b r ea k do w n

. U n li k e t he S ou t h C oa s t r

u l e , S e c t i on 12

- 11

- 506 w

ou l d r equ ir e a l t e r na t i v e

m on i t o ri ng du ri ng pe ri od s o f m on i t

o r i nope r a t i on . I n add

i t i on , t he c o m po s i t i on

m on i t o ri ng r equ ir ed du ri ng do w n t i m e o f au t

o m a t ed c o m po s i t i on ana l y z e r s i s

m o r e s t ri ngen t t han an y c o m

po s i t i on m on i t o ri ng r equ ir ed b y t he S ou t h C oa s t

r u l e

.

124

. A S T M M e t hod U OP 539

- 97

, r e f e r e n ce d i n S ec t i on 601

, h as no t b ee n

r e v i e w e d b y

EP A f or u se i n SIP

- a ppro v e d ru l es

. B AA Q MD s hou l d s ubm i t

t h i s m e t hod f or EP A r e v i e w

. < EP A

. 5 / 20 / 03 >

T he p r opo s ed r u l e s pe c i f i e s AS T M Me t hod U OP 539

- 97 a s one o f t h r ee m e t hod s

t ha t m a y be u s ed

f o r t he r equ ir ed ana l ys i s o f v en t ga s s a m

p l e s

. U OP 539

- 97 i

s

t he on l y AS T M m e t hod de v e l oped s pe c i f i c a ll y f o r t he ana l ys i s o f t he c o m po s i t i on

o f r e f i ne r y f ue l ga s

, w

h i c h m a y i n c l ude up

t o 25 % h y

d r ogen s u l f i de

. T he

p r opo s ed r u l e i s a m on i t

o ri ng r u l e on l y

, and a s s u c h

, doe s no t i n c l ude an y

e m i ss i on li m i t a t i on s . AS T

M Me t hod U OP 539

- 97

, i f u s ed

, w ou l d no t be u s ed

t o

de t e r m i ne c o m p li an c e

. T he r e f o r e t he Di s t ri c t doe s no t be li

e v e t ha t i t m u s t be

s ub m i tt ed t o EPA f o r r e v i e w

.

125

. Sec t i on 602

, F l o w V e r i f i ca t i on T es t M e t hod s

, pro v i d es bro a d d i sc r e t i on f or

es t a b li s h i ng m e t hod s t o v e r i f y v e n t g as f l o w . Si n ce t h i s p a r a m e t e r i s s o

c r i t i ca l t o t h e ru l e

, p a r a gr a ph s 602

. 3

, 602

. 4 a nd 602

. 5 s hou l d b e r e v i se d t o

pro v i d e gr ea t e r s p ec i f i c i t y on t h e v e r i f i ca t i on m e t hod s t h a t m a y b e u se d

. W e a r e a l s o c on ce rn e d t h a t t h e li m i t o f d e t ec t i on f or t h e m e t hod s i n

p a r a gr a ph s 602

. 1 a nd 602

. 2 ( 4

- 6 f ee t p e r sec ond ) i s no t se n s i t i v e e nough

g i v e n t h e r e qu i r e m e n t i n p a r a gr a ph 501

. 1 ( 0

. 1 f ee t p e r sec ond )

. < EP A

. 5 / 20 / 03 >

Se c t i on 12

- 11

- 506

. 3 r

equ ir e s u l t r a s on i c f l o w m e t e r s t o be m a i n t a i ned and

c a li b r a t ed i n a cc o r dan c e w i t h m anu f a c t u r e r ’ s s pe c i f i c a t i on s . P r ope rl y m a i n t a i ned

and c a li b r a t ed u l t r a s on i c f l o w m e t e r s a r e e x t r e m e l y a cc u r a t e

. N o t e s t m e t hod

ha s been de v

e l oped t o t e s t t he s e m e t

e r s i n p l a c e on c e

t he y ha v e been

c a li b r a t ed and i n s t a ll ed

. T o ge t a r ough c he ck on a cc u r

a cy r equ ir e s t he u s e o f

e x i s t i ng l e ss

- a cc u r

a t e app r oa c he s s u c h a s p i t

o t t ube t r a v e r s e s , t r a c e r ga s

m e t hod s

, o r o t he r f l o w o r p r o c e ss m e t

e r s

. T he m e t e r s a r e m o r e a cc u r a t e t han73

an y o f t he s e a l t e r na t i v e app r oa c he s

. N o o t

he r f l a r e m on i t o ri ng r u l e e v en

i n c l ude s p r

o v i s i on s t ha t a tt e m p t t o m a k e t h i s c he ck (

s ee S ou t h C oa s t R u l

e

1118 )

. T he BAAQ MD p r

o v i s i on w a s de v e l oped t o p r o v i de a m ean s

t o i den t i f y

l a r ge e rr o r s t ha t m i gh t r e s u l t f r o m m i s i n t e r p r e t a t i on o f t he m e t e r ’ s s pe c i f i ed r ange

and c a li b r a t i on f a c t o r

. T he Di s t ri c t i s p r opo s i ng t o r e v i s i t t he r u l e i n 18 m on t

h s

,

r e v i e w t he da t a de v e l oped f r o m t he u s e o f v

a ri ou s a l t e r na t i v e s

, and m a k

e an y

app r op ri a t e c hange s i

n t he s e p r o v i s i on s

.

126

. Sec t i on 502

. 3

. 1 : Th e l as t se n t e n ce i n S ec t i on 502

. 3

. 1

. a s t a t es “ I n no case

s h a ll a sa mp l e b e r e qu i r e d mor e f r e qu e n t l y t h a n on ce e v e r y 3 hour s

. ” W e

do no t b e li e v e i t i s a ppropr i a t e t o r e li e v e a f ac ili t y f rom t h e r e qu i r e m e n t t o

i n i t i a t e sa mp li ng w i t h i n 15 m i nu t es o f excee d i ng t h e f l o w r a t e t hr es ho l d

s p ec i f i e d i f on e “ t hr es ho l d e v e n t ” i s f o ll o w e d b y a no t h e r w i t h i n t w o hour s

o f t h e f i n a l sa mp l e t ake n dur i ng t h e i n i t i a l e v e n t . I t i s un c l ea r w h y t h i s

c h a ng e w as m a d e or ho w i t w ou l d b e i mp l e m e n t e d

. W e r ec omm e nd t h e

f o ll o w i ng mod i f i ca t i on : “ I n no case s h a ll a sa mp l e b e r e qu i r e d mor e

f r e qu e n t l y t h a n on ce e v e r y 3 hours dur i ng p e r i od s o f f l a r i ng t h a t

c on t i nuou s l y excee d t h e sa mp li ng t hr es ho ld

. ” < A RB . E

- m a il. 5 / 20 / 02 >

T he Di s t ri c t p r opo s a l i s f a r m o r e s t ri ngen t t han S ou t h C oa s t s a m

p li ng p r o v i s i on s

( w h i c h r equ ir e one s a m

p l e nea r t he beg i nn i ng o f a f l a ri ng e v en t and on c e pe r

da y t he r ea ft e r du ri ng t he e v en t )

. T he Di s t ri c t p r o v i s i on s a r e i n t ended t o en s u r e

t ha t s a m p li ng i s no t r equ ir ed m o r e f r equen t l y t han i s r ea s onab l

y ne c e ss a r

y f o r

adequa t e da t a w h il e en s u ri ng f ea s i b ili t y and pe r

s onne l s a f

e t y

. T he Di s t ri c t

be li e v e s t he p r opo s ed s a m

p li ng r equ ir e m en t s w ill p r o v i de t he da t a ne c e ss a r

y t o

adequa t e l y c ha r a c t e ri z e t he f l a r e a c t i v i t y

.

127

. Sec t i on 506

. 1 : W e do no t b e li e v e i t a ppropr i a t e t o pro v i d e f or “p e r i od s o f

i nop e r a t i on” f or pur e l y m a nu a l sa mp li ng op e r a t i on s as propo se d i n S ec t i on

506

. 1

. W e r ec omm e nd t h e f o ll o w i ng c h a ng e : “ Pe r i od s o f i nop e r a t i on o f t he

v e n t g as a u t o

- sa mp l e r s i n s t a ll e d pur s u a n t to c ompo s i t i on mon i t or i ng

s p ec i f i e d in S ec t i on 12

- 11

- 502

. 3

. 1 ( gr a b sa mp li ng ) s h a ll no t excee d 30 d a y s

p e r ca l e nd a r y ea r

. ” < A RB

. 5 / 20 / 02 >

T he Di s t ri c t ag r ee s t ha t do w n t i m e f o r pu r e l y m anua l s a m

p li ng i s no t app r

op ri a t e

. T h i s s e c t i on ha s been c hanged

.

128

. Sec t i on 506

. 1 : Th i s sec t i on s t a t es : “ E ff ec t i v e 450 d a y s a ft e r t h e a dop t i on

o f t h i s ru l e

, p e r i od s o f i nop e r a t i on o f t h e v e n t g as c ompo s i t i on mon i t or i ng

s p ec i f i e d i n S ec t i on 12

- 11

- 503

. 3

. 3 ( c on t i nuou s a n a l y z e r s ) s h a ll no t excee d

30 d a y s p e r ca l e nd a r y ea r p e r a n a l y z e r

. ” W e b e li e v e t h e a ppropr i a t e

r e f e r e n ce sec t i on i s “ Sec t i on 12

- 11

- 503 2

. 3

. 3 ”

. < A RB

. 5 / 20 / 02 >

T he Di s t ri c t ag r ee s

. T h i s s e c t i on ha s been c hanged

.

129

. Sec t i on 506

. 2 : D ur i ng p e r i od s o f i nop e r a t i on o f c on t i nuou s a n a l y z e r s or

a u t o

- sa mp l e r s i n s t a ll e d pur s u a n t t o S ec t i on 12

- 11

- 502

. 3

, w e b e li e v e74

p e r s on s r es pon s i b l e f or mon i t or i ng s hou l d b e r e qu i r e d t o t ake sa mp l es as

s p ec i f i e d i n S ec t i on 12

- 11

- 502

. 2

. W e r ec omm e nd t h e f o ll o w i ng c h a ng es i n

t h e sec t i on s r e f e r e n ce d i n 506

. 2 : “ D ur i ng p e r i od s o f i nop e r a t i on o f

c on t i nuou s a n a l y z e r s or a u t o

- sa mp l e r s i n s t a ll e d pur s u a n t t o S ec t i on 12

- 11-

502 .3

, p e r s on s r es pon s i b l e f or mon i t or i ng s h a ll t ake m a nu al sa mp l es as

r e qu i r e d b y

S ec t i on 12

- 11

- 502 .3 2

. 1

. ” < A RB

. 5 / 20 / 02 >

T he Di s t ri c t be li e v e s t he s a m p li ng p r o v i s i on s f o r do w n t i m e a r e adequa t

e t o

p r o v i de da t a ne c e ss a r

y t o c ha r a c t e ri z e f l a ri ng du ri ng t he s e pe ri

od s . St a ff

r e v i e w ed i t s da t aba s e f o r e x i s t i ng m on i t o r s i n s u l f u r p l an t s and f ue l ga s s e r v

i c e

( a s e r v i c e t ha t i s m o s t s i m il a r t o f l a r e ga s s e r v

i c e ) t ha t w e r e r epo r t ed ou t o f

s e r v i c e pu r s uan t t o t he C E M do w n t i m e p r o v i s i on s

. T he s e pe ri

od s w e r e

i n f r equen t, and i t i

s an t i c i pa t ed t ha t t h i s w ill be t he c a s e f o r f l a r e m on i t o ri ng

.

130

. Sec t i on 507 : W e b e li e v e t h e on e f r a m e p e r m i nu t e v i d e o r ec ord i ng

s p ec i f i ca t i on i n S ec t i on 507 s hou l d b e i n c r ease d s u c h t h a t t h e r ec ord e d

i m a g e i s mor e r e pr ese n t a t i v e o f a r ea l t i m e r ec ord i ng a nd t h a t eac h f ac ili t y

b e r e qu i r e d t o a r c h i v e t h e i r ca p t ur e d v i d e o d a t a on a h a rd dr i v e

, a nd m ake

s p ec i f i c por t i on s o f t h e a r c h i v e d d a t a a v a il a b l e t o t h e d i s t r i c t upon r e qu es t

. D u e t o t h e a b ili t y o f c urr e n t t ec hno l og y t o s t or e l a rg e v o l um es o f d i g i t a l

d a t a on on e l a rg e h a rd dr i v e ( 80 g i g )

, w e b e li e v e t h i s a ppro ac h w ill e n a b l e

ca p t ur e r a t es i n excess o f on e f r a m e p e r m i nu t e w h il e s t ill pro v i d i ng f or a

r eas on a b l e a r c h i v e r e t e n t i on t i m e ( a t l eas t t w o w eeks

, po ss i b l y on e mon t h )

.

< A RB

. 5 /

20 / 02 >

T he Di s t ri c t i s no w p r opo s i ng t o r e f e r t he i ss ue o f w

eb c a s t i ng t o t he St a t i ona r y

Sou r c e C o mm i tt

ee o f t he B oa r d

. T o a v o i d i m po s i ng v i deo r e c o r d i ng and s t

o r age

r equ ir e m en t s t ha t w ou l d r equ ir e i mm ed i a t e de c i s i on s abou t t

e c hno l og y t ha t

m i gh t p r o v e t o be i n c on s i s t en t w i t h l a t e r r e c o mm enda t

i on s o f t he St a t i ona r y

Sou r c e C o mm i tt

ee , t he Di s t ri c t i s p r opo s i ng t o pu s h ba ck

t he e ff e c t i v e da t e o f

t h i s p r o v i s i on t o a ll o w f u r t he r s t ud y o f w eb c a s t i ng and r e l a t ed i ss ue s . S e c t

i on

12

- 11

- 507 ha s been m od i f i ed t o be e ff e c t i v e 180 da ys a ft

e r r u l e adop t i on r a t he r

t han 90 da ys

t o a ll o w t he ne c e ss a r

y t i m e f o r t h i s e ff o r t.

131

. Sec t i on 602 : D u e t o t h e f l ex i b ili t y pro v i d e d i n t h e f l o w v e r i f i ca t i on

r e qu i r e m e n t s o f S ec t i on 602

, w e r ec omm e nd eac h f ac ili t y b e r e qu i r e d t o

s ubm i t a propo se d f l o w v e r i f i ca t i on p l a n t h a t mu s t b e a ppro v e d b y t h e

d i s t r i c t pr i or t o i t s i mp l e m e n t a t i on

. < A RB

. 5 / 20 / 02 >

T he Di s t ri c t c on s i de r ed t h i s op t i on i n t he ea rl y s t age s o f t he w o r k g r oup m ee t

i ng s

. S ou t h C oa s t R u l

e 1118 i n c l ude s p l

an s ub m i tt

a l r equ ir e m en t s f o r f l a r e m on i t o ri ng

. (N o t e t ha t t he S ou t h C oa s t r

u l e ha s no f l o w v e ri f i c a t i on r equ ir e m en t s li k e t ho s e

t o w h i c h t h i s c o mm en t r

e f e r s

. ) T he Di s t ri c t be li e v e s t ha t i n c l ud i ng p l an s ub m i tt

a l

r equ ir e m en t s f o r f l o w v e ri f i c a t i on w ou l d add unne c e ss a r

y de l a y i n i m p l e m en t i ng

t he f l o w and c o m

po s i t i on m on i t o ri ng r equ ir e m en t s o f t he r u l e

. T he Di s t ri c t i s

p r opo s i ng t o r e v i s i t t he r u l e i n 18 m on t

h s

, r e v i e w t he da t a de v e l oped f r o m t he75

u s e o f v a ri ou s v e ri f i c a t i on m e t hod s

, and p r opo s e an y ne c e ss a r

y c hange s

t o

t he s e p r o v i s i on s

.

132

. Th e B AA Q MD s hou l d a dop t t h e T exas R u l e und e r w h i c h a n es t i m a t e d

e ff i c i e n c y o f 98 % s hou l d b e a ll o w e d on l y w h e n t h e r e qu i r e m e n t s o f 40 C F R

§60

. 18 a r e m e t

. A

t a ll o t h e r t i m es

, a n es t i m a t e d e ff i c i e n c y o f 93 % s hou l d b e

u se d

. < D rur y

, R e f i n e r y Tr a d e U n i on s

- PS U Lo ca l 302 , I B E W Lo ca l 549

, L a bor e r s Lo ca l 324 , I n s u l a t or s Lo ca l 16 (U n i on s ) . E

- m a il. 5 / 20 / 03 >

T he T e x a s r u l e doe s no t app l

y t o r e f i ne r y f l a r e s ( s ee r e s pon s e #94

)

. Di s t ri c t s t a ff

c on t a c t ed T C EQ and c on f

ir m ed t h i s po i n t. N e v e r t he l e ss , t he r e v i s ed r u l e

i n c o r po r a t ed t he c on c ep t o f s

pe c i f y i ng an e ff i c i en cy o f 98 % e

xc ep t f o r l o w

- B T U

ga s . I n t he r e v i s eed r u l e

, 98 % w

a s s pe c i f i ed e xc ep t f o r t he f l e x i c o k e r f l a r e , f o r

w h i c h 93 % w

a s t he de f au l t v a l ue

. T h i s f l a r e hand l e s f l e x i c o k e r ga s t ha t ha s a

l o w hea t i ng v a l ue . St a ff a r e no w p r opo s i ng a c hange

t ha t r equ ir e s t he u s e o f

93 %f o r any v en t ga s w

i t h a l o w e r hea t i ng v a l ue l e ss t han 300 B ri t i s h T he r m a l

U n i t s /St anda r d C ub i c F ee t ( B T U /S C F ) and t he r e f o r e w ou l d no t m ee t t

he

r equ ir e m en t s o f 40 C F

R §60

. 18

. T

h i s i s a m i no r c hange be c au s e da t a ga t he r ed

du ri ng t he f l a r e s t ud y s ho w s t ha t m o s t f

l a r e ga s

, w i t h t he e xc ep t i on o f f l e x i c o k e r

ga s

, e xc eed s t h i s B T U t h r e s ho l d

.

133

. Th e B AA Q MD s hou l d c ondu c t a f l a r e d es t ru c t i on e ff i c i e n c y s t ud y t o

a n a l y z e ac t u a l e ff i c i e n c y i n t h e f i e l d

, a nd t h e r es u l t s o f t h a t s t ud y m a y b e

u se d t o r e f i n e t h e ru l e

. < D rur y

, U n i on s

. 5 / 20 / 03 >

See r e s pon s e s #81 and #96

.

134

. W e b cas t i ng : Th e ru l e w ou l d b e gr ea t l y i mpro v e d b y r e qu i r i ng

“ w e b cas t i ng” o f f l a r e v i d e o

- mon i t or i ng

. W e b cas t i ng w ou l d a ll o w a n y

i n t e r es t e d m e mb e r o f t h e pub li c , i n c l ud i ng A i r D i s t r i c t s t a ff a nd B o a rd

m e mb e r s

, t o see w h a t i s h a pp e n i ng w i t h r e f i n e r y f l a r es i n “r ea l t i m e ”

s i mp l y b y c li ck i ng on a p a g e on t h e B AA Q MD ’ s w e b s i t e

. A i r D i s t r i c t s t a ff

c ou l d v e r i f y pub li c c omp l a i n t s o f r e f i n e r y f l a r i ng i n s t a n t l y s i mp l y b y

c li ck i ng on t h e w e b s i t e

. W e b cas t i ng i s a l o w

- c o s t a nd w i d e l y a v a il a b l e

t ec hno l og y

. < D rur y

, U n i on s

. 5 / 20 / 03 >

T o d i sc u ss w eb c a s t i ng and o t

he r i ss ue s , t he Di s t ri c t c on v ened a m ee t

i ng o f t he

f l a r e w o r k g r oup i mm ed i a t e l y f o ll o w i ng t he M a y 21

, 2003

B oa r d m ee t i ng

. R ep r e s en t a t i v e f r o m W SPA, the i

nd i v i dua l r e f i ne ri e s

, r e f i ne r y l abo r un i on s

, and

C BE attended th i

s m ee t i ng

. T he c on s en s u s o f a ll p r

e s en t w a s t ha t t he

w eb c a s t i ng i ss ue s hou l

d be s epa r

a t ed f r o m t he p r opo s ed r u l e and t ha t t he

p r opo s ed r u l e s hou l d be adop t

ed and i m p l e m en t ed

. Di s t ri c t s t a ff i s

r e c o mm end

i ng t ha t t he w eb c a s t i ng i ss ue be r

e f e rr ed t o t he B oa r d ’ s St a t i ona r y

Sou r c e C o mm i tt

ee

.

135

. A s y ou a r e w e ll a w a r e

, t h e r a t e o f as t hm a h as c li mb e d dr a m a t i ca ll y i n t h e

p as t d eca d e

, a nd ozon e h as b ee n do c um e n t e d t o h a v e a d i r ec t c onn ec t i on

.76

O f c our se

, w e a r e a l s o c on ce rn e d a bou t p a r t i c u l a t e m a tt e r i n r e l ease o f

e m i ss i on s

, as w e ll as o t h e r c h e m i ca l s

. W e a gr ee t h a t t h e v i d e o t a p e d

f oo t a g e o f f l a r i ng r e qu i r e d b y t h e ru l e b e p l ace d on t h e w e b s o t h a t

B AA Q MD ca n v i e w t h e sa m e i m a g es t h a t t h e pub li c i s see i ng

. A nd w e a l s o

ask t h a t t h e ru l e m ak i ng b e g i n s oon t o c on t ro l f l a r e e m i ss i on s

, no t s i mp l y

t o mon i t or

. < W e i n e r

, A m e r i ca n Lung A ss o c i a t i on o f S a n Fr a n c i sc o a nd S a n

M a t e o C oun t i es ( A L A ) . E

- m a il. 5 / 20 / 03 >

O z one e x po s u r e i n t he B a y A r ea ha s de c li

ned a t t he s a m e t i m e s t ha t a s t h m a

r a t e s ha v e i n c r ea s ed

. T he w e i gh t o f t he e v i den c e s ugge s t

s t ha t o z one i s no t

r e s pon s i b l e f o r i n c r ea s e s i n B a y A r ea a s t h m a r a t e s

. W h il e i t i s t r ue t ha t h i gh

o z one l e v e l s c an t ri gge r a s t h m a a tt a cks

, h i gh l e v e l s a r e un c o mm on i

n t he B a y

A r ea

.

R ega r d i ng w eb c a s t i ng

, s ee r e s pon s e #134

. T

he Di s t ri c t 's f l a r e w o r k g r oup i s s t ill

w o r k i ng on t he f l a r e s t ud y t ha t w ill de t e r m i ne t he ne x t s t ep s r ega r d i ng po t en t i a l

c on t r o l s on f l a r e s

. T he Di s t ri c t e x pe c t s t ha t i f t he s t ud y c on c l ude s

t ha t c on t r o l s

a r e a v a il ab l e , t he r u l e de v e l op m en t e ff

o r t t o i m po s e c on t

r o l s c ou l d be c on c l uded

b y t he end o f 2003

.