IB 

Union Calendar No. 408 

114TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 699 

[Report No. 114–528] 

To amend title 18, United States Code, to update the privacy protections 

for electronic communications information that is stored by third-party 

service providers in order to protect consumer privacy interests while 

meeting law enforcement needs, and for other purposes. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

FEBRUARY 4, 2015 

Mr. YODER (for himself, Mr. POLIS, Mr. ADERHOLT, Mr. ALLEN, Mr. AMASH, 

Mr. AMODEI, Mr. BABIN, Mr. BARLETTA, Mr. BARR, Mr. BARTON, Mr. 

BENISHEK, Mr. BEYER, Mr. BILIRAKIS, Mr. BISHOP of Utah, Mrs. 

BLACK, Mrs. BLACKBURN, Mr. BLUM, Ms. BONAMICI, Mr. BOUSTANY, 

Mr. BRADY of Texas, Mr. BROOKS of Alabama, Ms. BROWN of Florida, 

Ms. BROWNLEY of California, Mr. BUCHANAN, Mr. BUCSHON, Mr. BURGESS, Mr. BYRNE, Mr. CALVERT, Mrs. CAPPS, Mr. CAPUANO, Mr. 

CA ́RDENAS, Mr. CARTER of Georgia, Mr. CARTWRIGHT, Mr. CHABOT, Mr. 

CHAFFETZ, Ms. CHU of California, Mr. CICILLINE, Ms. CLARK of Massachusetts, Ms. CLARKE of New York, Mr. CLAWSON of Florida, Mr. 

CLEAVER, Mr. COHEN, Mr. COLE, Mr. COLLINS of New York, Mr. CONNOLLY, Mr. CONYERS, Mr. CRAMER, Mr. CRENSHAW, Mr. CULBERSON, 

Mr. CUMMINGS, Mr. CURBELO of Florida, Mr. RODNEY DAVIS of Illinois, 

Mr. DANNY K. DAVIS of Illinois, Mr. DEFAZIO, Ms. DEGETTE, Ms. 

DELBENE, Mr. DENHAM, Mr. DENT, Mr. DESAULNIER, Mr. 

DESJARLAIS, Mr. DEUTCH, Mr. DIAZ-BALART, Mr. DOLD, Mr. MICHAEL

F. DOYLE of Pennsylvania, Ms. DUCKWORTH, Mr. DUFFY, Mr. DUNCAN

of South Carolina, Mr. DUNCAN of Tennessee, Ms. EDWARDS, Mr. ELLISON, Mrs. ELLMERS, Mr. EMMER, Ms. ESHOO, Ms. ESTY, Mr. 

FARENTHOLD, Mr. FARR, Mr. FITZPATRICK, Mr. FLEISCHMANN, Mr. 

FLORES, Mr. FORTENBERRY, Mr. FRANKS of Arizona, Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN, Ms. FUDGE, Ms. GABBARD, Mr. GARAMENDI, Mr. GARRETT, 

Mr. GIBBS, Mr. GIBSON, Mr. GOSAR, Mr. GOWDY, Mr. GRAVES of Georgia, Mr. GRIJALVA, Mr. GROTHMAN, Mr. GUINTA, Mr. GUTHRIE, Mr. 

HANNA, Mr. HARRIS, Mrs. HARTZLER, Mr. HASTINGS, Ms. HERRERA

BEUTLER, Mr. HILL, Mr. HIMES, Mr. HONDA, Mr. HUDSON, Mr. 


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HUELSKAMP, Mr. HUIZENGA of Michigan, Mr. HULTGREN, Mr. HUNTER, 

Mr. HURD of Texas, Mr. ISRAEL, Ms. JACKSON LEE, Ms. JENKINS of 

Kansas, Mr. JOHNSON of Georgia, Mr. JOLLY, Mr. JONES, Mr. JORDAN, 

Mr. JOYCE, Ms. KAPTUR, Mr. KILMER, Mr. KINZINGER of Illinois, Ms. 

KUSTER, Mr. LABRADOR, Mr. LAMALFA, Mr. LANCE, Mr. LATTA, Ms. 

LEE, Mr. LEVIN, Mr. LEWIS, Mr. LIPINSKI, Mr. LOBIONDO, Mr. LONG, 

Mr. LOUDERMILK, Mrs. LOVE, Mr. LOWENTHAL, Mr. LUETKEMEYER, 

Mr. BEN RAY LUJA ́N of New Mexico, Ms. MICHELLE LUJAN GRISHAM

of New Mexico, Mrs. LUMMIS, Mr. MARCHANT, Mr. MARINO, Mr. 

MASSIE, Mr. MCCLINTOCK, Ms. MCCOLLUM, Mr. MCDERMOTT, Mr. 

MCGOVERN, Mr. MCHENRY, Mr. MCKINLEY, Mr. MEADOWS, Mr. MEEHAN, Mr. MEEKS, Mr. MESSER, Mr. MOOLENAAR, Mr. MULLIN, Mr. 

MULVANEY, Mr. NADLER, Mr. NEWHOUSE, Mrs. NOEM, Mr. NOLAN, Ms. 

NORTON, Mr. NUGENT, Mr. NUNES, Mr. OLSON, Mr. O’ROURKE, Mr. 

PALAZZO, Mr. PAULSEN, Mr. PEARCE, Mr. POCAN, Mr. POE of Texas, 

Mr. POLIQUIN, Mr. POMPEO, Mr. POSEY, Mr. QUIGLEY, Mr. RANGEL, 

Mr. REED, Mr. RIBBLE, Mr. RICE of South Carolina, Mrs. ROBY, Mr. 

ROE of Tennessee, Mr. ROKITA, Mr. ROONEY of Florida, Mr. ROUZER, 

Mr. RUIZ, Mr. RUSH, Mr. RYAN of Ohio, Mr. SABLAN, Mr. SALMON, Mr. 

SANFORD, Mr. SCALISE, Mr. SCHOCK, Mr. SCHRADER, Mr. SCHWEIKERT, 

Mr. AUSTIN SCOTT of Georgia, Mr. SCOTT of Virginia, Mr. SENSENBRENNER, Mr. SERRANO, Mr. SESSIONS, Mr. SHUSTER, Mr. SIMPSON, 

Ms. SLAUGHTER, Mr. SMITH of Missouri, Mr. SMITH of Texas, Ms. 

SPEIER, Mr. STIVERS, Mr. STUTZMAN, Mr. SWALWELL of California, Mr. 

TAKANO, Mr. THOMPSON of Pennsylvania, Mr. TIBERI, Mr. TIPTON, Mr. 

TONKO, Ms. TSONGAS, Mr. TURNER, Mr. VALADAO, Mrs. WAGNER, Mr. 

WALKER, Mr. WEBER of Texas, Mr. WEBSTER of Florida, Mr. WELCH, 

Mr. WENSTRUP, Mr. WESTERMAN, Mr. WHITFIELD, Mr. WILLIAMS, Mr. 

WILSON of South Carolina, Mr. WOMACK, Mr. YARMUTH, Mr. YOHO, Mr. 

YOUNG of Indiana, Mr. YOUNG of Iowa, Ms. GRANGER, Mr. MCNERNEY, 

Mr. RICHMOND, Miss RICE of New York, Mr. SHERMAN, and Ms. PINGREE) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee 

on the Judiciary 


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APRIL 26, 2016 

Additional sponsors: Mr. HENSARLING, Mr. COSTELLO of Pennsylvania, Mr. 

BUTTERFIELD, Mr. BISHOP of Georgia, Mr. YOUNG of Alaska, Mr. TED

LIEU of California, Mr. FATTAH, Ms. STEFANIK, Ms. EDDIE BERNICE

JOHNSON of Texas, Mr. DOGGETT, Mr. GENE GREEN of Texas, Mr. 

NORCROSS, Mr. JOHNSON of Ohio, Mr. PERLMUTTER, Mr. BRAT, Mr. 

COLLINS of Georgia, Mrs. MCMORRIS RODGERS, Mr. SEAN PATRICK

MALONEY of New York, Ms. MCSALLY, Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD, Mr. 

KATKO, Mrs. COMSTOCK, Mrs. LAWRENCE, Mr. TOM PRICE of Georgia, 

Mr. MOONEY of West Virginia, Mr. WESTMORELAND, Mr. NEAL, Mrs. 

TORRES, Ms. SINEMA, Ms. MOORE, Mr. BOST, Mr. FOSTER, Mr. BLUMENAUER, Mr. KELLY of Pennsylvania, Mr. CONAWAY, Mr. RENACCI, 

Mr. MILLER of Florida, Mr. FLEMING, Mr. MACARTHUR, Mr. ENGEL, 

Mr. SMITH of Washington, Mr. VARGAS, Mrs. MIMI WALTERS of California, Mr. CARSON of Indiana, Mr. PERRY, Mr. WOODALL, Mr. LUCAS, 

Mr. FINCHER, Mr. ROHRABACHER, Mr. BISHOP of Michigan, Ms. SCHAKOWSKY, Mr. AL GREEN of Texas, Mr. GRIFFITH, Mr. STEWART, Mr. 

JEFFRIES, Mr. BRIDENSTINE, Ms. BASS, Mr. ROSKAM, Mrs. DINGELL, 

Mr. ROGERS of Kentucky, Mr. RATCLIFFE, Mr. COFFMAN, Mr. GRAVES

of Missouri, Mr. GUTIE ́RREZ, Mr. LAMBORN, Mr. HARPER, Mr. ZELDIN, 

Mrs. BEATTY, Mr. PAYNE, Mr. WALBERG, Mrs. CAROLYN B. MALONEY

of New York, Mr. TROTT, Mr. JODY B. HICE of Georgia, Mr. KIND, Mr. 

ROTHFUS, Mrs. NAPOLITANO, Mr. GRAYSON, Mr. HECK of Nevada, Mr. 

PRICE of North Carolina, Mr. HECK of Washington, and Mr. SAM JOHNSON of Texas 

APRIL 26, 2016 

Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole 

House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed 

[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] 

[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on February 4, 2015] 


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A BILL 

To amend title 18, United States Code, to update the privacy 

protections for electronic communications information 

that is stored by third-party service providers in order 

to protect consumer privacy interests while meeting law 

enforcement needs, and for other purposes. 


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1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Email Privacy Act’’. 

5 SEC. 2. VOLUNTARY DISCLOSURE CORRECTIONS. 

6 (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 2702 of title 18, United 

7 States Code, is amended— 

8 (1) in subsection (a)— 

9 (A) in paragraph (1)— 

10 (i) by striking ‘‘divulge’’ and inserting 

11 ‘‘disclose’’; 

12 (ii) by striking ‘‘while in electronic 

13 storage by that service’’ and inserting ‘‘that 

14 is in electronic storage with or otherwise 

15 stored, held, or maintained by that service’’; 

16 (B) in paragraph (2)— 

17 (i) by striking ‘‘to the public’’; 

18 (ii) by striking ‘‘divulge’’ and insert19 ing ‘‘disclose’’; and 

20 (iii) by striking ‘‘which is carried or 

21 maintained on that service’’ and inserting 

22 ‘‘that is stored, held, or maintained by that 

23 service’’; and 

24 (C) in paragraph (3)— 


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1 (i) by striking ‘‘divulge’’ and inserting 

2 ‘‘disclose’’; and 

3 (ii) by striking ‘‘a provider of’’ and in4 serting ‘‘a person or entity providing’’ 

5 (2) in subsection (b)— 

6 (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 

7 by inserting ‘‘wire or electronic’’ before ‘‘commu8 nication’’; 

9 (B) by amending paragraph (1) to read as 

10 follows: 

11 ‘‘(1) to an originator, addressee, or intended re12 cipient of such communication, to the subscriber or 

13 customer on whose behalf the provider stores, holds, or 

14 maintains such communication, or to an agent of 

15 such addressee, intended recipient, subscriber, or cus16 tomer;’’; and 

17 (C) by amending paragraph (3) to read as 

18 follows: 

19 ‘‘(3) with the lawful consent of the originator, 

20 addressee, or intended recipient of such communica21 tion, or of the subscriber or customer on whose behalf 

22 the provider stores, holds, or maintains such commu23 nication;’’; 

24 (3) in subsection (c) by inserting ‘‘wire or elec25 tronic’’ before ‘‘communications’’; 


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1 (4) in each of subsections (b) and (c), by striking 

2 ‘‘divulge’’ and inserting ‘‘disclose’’; and 

3 (5) in subsection (c), by amending paragraph 

4 (2) to read as follows: 

5 ‘‘(2) with the lawful consent of the subscriber or 

6 customer;’’. 

7 SEC. 3. AMENDMENTS TO REQUIRED DISCLOSURE SECTION. 

8 Section 2703 of title 18, United States Code, is amend9 ed— 

10 (1) by striking subsections (a) through (c) and 

11 inserting the following: 

12 ‘‘(a) CONTENTS OF WIRE OR ELECTRONIC COMMU13 NICATIONS IN ELECTRONIC STORAGE.—Except as provided 

14 in subsections (i) and (j), a governmental entity may re15 quire the disclosure by a provider of electronic communica16 tion service of the contents of a wire or electronic commu17 nication that is in electronic storage with or otherwise 

18 stored, held, or maintained by that service only if the gov19 ernmental entity obtains a warrant issued using the proce20 dures described in the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure 

21 (or, in the case of a State court, issued using State warrant 

22 procedures) that— 

23 ‘‘(1) is issued by a court of competent jurisdic24 tion; and 


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1 ‘‘(2) may indicate the date by which the provider 

2 must make the disclosure to the governmental entity. 

3 In the absence of a date on the warrant indicating the date 

4 by which the provider must make disclosure to the govern5 mental entity, the provider shall promptly respond to the 

6 warrant. 

7 ‘‘(b) CONTENTS OF WIRE OR ELECTRONIC COMMU8 NICATIONS IN A REMOTE COMPUTING SERVICE.— 

9 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in sub10 sections (i) and (j), a governmental entity may re11 quire the disclosure by a provider of remote com12 puting service of the contents of a wire or electronic 

13 communication that is stored, held, or maintained by 

14 that service only if the governmental entity obtains a 

15 warrant issued using the procedures described in the 

16 Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure (or, in the case 

17 of a State court, issued using State warrant proce18 dures) that— 

19 ‘‘(A) is issued by a court of competent juris20 diction; and 

21 ‘‘(B) may indicate the date by which the 

22 provider must make the disclosure to the govern23 mental entity. 

24 In the absence of a date on the warrant indicating the 

25 date by which the provider must make disclosure to 


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1 the governmental entity, the provider shall promptly 

2 respond to the warrant. 

3 ‘‘(2) APPLICABILITY.—Paragraph (1) is applica4 ble with respect to any wire or electronic communica5 tion that is stored, held, or maintained by the pro6 vider— 

7 ‘‘(A) on behalf of, and received by means of 

8 electronic transmission from (or created by 

9 means of computer processing of communication 

10 received by means of electronic transmission 

11 from), a subscriber or customer of such remote 

12 computing service; and 

13 ‘‘(B) solely for the purpose of providing 

14 storage or computer processing services to such 

15 subscriber or customer, if the provider is not au16 thorized to access the contents of any such com17 munications for purposes of providing any serv18 ices other than storage or computer processing. 

19 ‘‘(c) RECORDS CONCERNING ELECTRONIC COMMUNICA20 TION SERVICE OR REMOTE COMPUTING SERVICE.— 

21 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in sub22 sections (i) and (j), a governmental entity may re23 quire the disclosure by a provider of electronic com24 munication service or remote computing service of a 

25 record or other information pertaining to a subscriber 


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1 to or customer of such service (not including the con2 tents of wire or electronic communications), only— 

3 ‘‘(A) if a governmental entity obtains a 

4 warrant issued using the procedures described in 

5 the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure (or, in 

6 the case of a State court, issued using State war7 rant procedures) that— 

8 ‘‘(i) is issued by a court of competent 

9 jurisdiction directing the disclosure; and 

10 ‘‘(ii) may indicate the date by which 

11 the provider must make the disclosure to the 

12 governmental entity; 

13 ‘‘(B) if a governmental entity obtains a 

14 court order directing the disclosure under sub15 section (d); 

16 ‘‘(C) with the lawful consent of the sub17 scriber or customer; or 

18 ‘‘(D) as otherwise authorized in paragraph 

19 (2). 

20 ‘‘(2) SUBSCRIBER OR CUSTOMER INFORMA21 TION.—A provider of electronic communication serv22 ice or remote computing service shall, in response to 

23 an administrative subpoena authorized by Federal or 

24 State statute, a grand jury, trial, or civil discovery 


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1 subpoena, or any means available under paragraph 

2 (1), disclose to a governmental entity the— 

3 ‘‘(A) name; 

4 ‘‘(B) address; 

5 ‘‘(C) local and long distance telephone con6 nection records, or records of session times and 

7 durations; 

8 ‘‘(D) length of service (including start date) 

9 and types of service used; 

10 ‘‘(E) telephone or instrument number or 

11 other subscriber or customer number or identity, 

12 including any temporarily assigned network ad13 dress; and 

14 ‘‘(F) means and source of payment for such 

15 service (including any credit card or bank ac16 count number); 

17 of a subscriber or customer of such service. 

18 ‘‘(3) NOTICE NOT REQUIRED.—A governmental 

19 entity that receives records or information under this 

20 subsection is not required to provide notice to a sub21 scriber or customer.’’; 

22 (2) in subsection (d)— 

23 (A) by striking ‘‘(b) or’’; 

24 (B) by striking ‘‘the contents of a wire or 

25 electronic communication, or’’; 


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1 (C) by striking ‘‘sought,’’ and inserting 

2 ‘‘sought’’; and 

3 (D) by striking ‘‘section’’ and inserting 

4 ‘‘subsection’’; and 

5 (3) by adding at the end the following: 

6 ‘‘(h) NOTICE.—Except as provided in section 2705, a 

7 provider of electronic communication service or remote com8 puting service may notify a subscriber or customer of a re9 ceipt of a warrant, court order, subpoena, or request under 

10 subsection (a), (b), (c), or (d) of this section. 

11 ‘‘(i) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION RELATED TO LEGAL

12 PROCESS.—Nothing in this section or in section 2702 shall 

13 limit the authority of a governmental entity to use an ad14 ministrative subpoena authorized by Federal or State stat15 ute, a grand jury, trial, or civil discovery subpoena, or a 

16 warrant issued using the procedures described in the Fed17 eral Rules of Criminal Procedure (or, in the case of a State 

18 court, issued using State warrant procedures) by a court 

19 of competent jurisdiction to— 

20 ‘‘(1) require an originator, addressee, or in21 tended recipient of a wire or electronic communica22 tion to disclose a wire or electronic communication 

23 (including the contents of that communication) to the 

24 governmental entity; 


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1 ‘‘(2) require a person or entity that provides an 

2 electronic communication service to the officers, direc3 tors, employees, or agents of the person or entity (for 

4 the purpose of carrying out their duties) to disclose a 

5 wire or electronic communication (including the con6 tents of that communication) to or from the person or 

7 entity itself or to or from an officer, director, em8 ployee, or agent of the entity to a governmental enti9 ty, if the wire or electronic communication is stored, 

10 held, or maintained on an electronic communications 

11 system owned, operated, or controlled by the person or 

12 entity; or 

13 ‘‘(3) require a person or entity that provides a 

14 remote computing service or electronic communication 

15 service to disclose a wire or electronic communication 

16 (including the contents of that communication) that 

17 advertises or promotes a product or service and that 

18 has been made readily accessible to the general public. 

19 ‘‘(j) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION RELATED TO CONGRES20 SIONAL SUBPOENAS.—Nothing in this section or in section 

21 2702 shall limit the power of inquiry vested in the Congress 

22 by Article I of the Constitution of the United States, includ23 ing the authority to compel the production of a wire or elec24 tronic communication (including the contents of a wire or 

25 electronic communication) that is stored, held, or mainVerDate Sep 11 2014 22:01 Apr 26, 2016 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6203 E:\BILLS\H699.RH H699

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1 tained by a person or entity that provides remote com2 puting service or electronic communication service.’’. 

3 SEC. 4. DELAYED NOTICE. 

4 Section 2705 of title 18, United States Code, is amend5 ed to read as follows: 

6 ‘‘§ 2705. Delayed notice 

7 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—A governmental entity acting 

8 under section 2703 may apply to a court for an order di9 recting a provider of electronic communication service or 

10 remote computing service to which a warrant, order, sub11 poena, or other directive under section 2703 is directed not 

12 to notify any other person of the existence of the warrant, 

13 order, subpoena, or other directive. 

14 ‘‘(b) DETERMINATION.—A court shall grant a request 

15 for an order made under subsection (a) for delayed notifica16 tion of up to 180 days if the court determines that there 

17 is reason to believe that notification of the existence of the 

18 warrant, order, subpoena, or other directive will likely re19 sult in— 

20 ‘‘(1) endangering the life or physical safety of an 

21 individual; 

22 ‘‘(2) flight from prosecution; 

23 ‘‘(3) destruction of or tampering with evidence; 

24 ‘‘(4) intimidation of potential witnesses; or 


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1 ‘‘(5) otherwise seriously jeopardizing an inves2 tigation or unduly delaying a trial. 

3 ‘‘(c) EXTENSION.—Upon request by a governmental 

4 entity, a court may grant one or more extensions, for peri5 ods of up to 180 days each, of an order granted in accord6 ance with subsection (b).’’. 

7 SEC. 5. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. 

8 Nothing in this Act or an amendment made by this 

9 Act shall be construed to preclude the acquisition by the 

10 United States Government of— 

11 (1) the contents of a wire or electronic commu12 nication pursuant to other lawful authorities, includ13 ing the authorities under chapter 119 of title 18 (com14 monly known as the ‘‘Wiretap Act’’), the Foreign In15 telligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1801 et 

16 seq.), or any other provision of Federal law not spe17 cifically amended by this Act; or 

18 (2) records or other information relating to a 

19 subscriber or customer of any electronic communica20 tion service or remote computing service (not includ21 ing the content of such communications) pursuant to 

22 the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 

23 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.), chapter 119 of title 18 (com24 monly known as the ‘‘Wiretap Act’’), or any other 


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1 provision of Federal law not specifically amended by 

2 this Act. 


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Union Calendar No. 408 

114TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION H. R. 699 

[Report No. 114–528] 

A BILL 

To amend title 18, United States Code, to update 

needs, and for other purposes. privacy interests while meeting law enforcement service providers in order to protect consumer tions information that is stored by third-party the privacy protections for electronic communicaAPRIL 26, 2016 

Reported with an amendment, committed to the Comand ordered to be printed mittee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, 


sradovich on DSK3TPTVN1PROD with BILLS